f-7 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES OF 1972
^13 SENATE RESOLUTION 60
EXECUTIVE SESSION HEARINGS
BEFORE THE
SELECT COMMITTEE ON
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES
OF THE
UNITED STATES SENATE
NINETY-THIED CONGRESS
SECOND SESSION
WATERGATE AND RELATED ACTIVITIES
Use of Incumbency — Responsiveness Program
(Additional Documents)
WASHINGTON, D.C.
Book 19
Printed for the use of the
Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities
FRANKLIN PIERCE LAW CENTER
Concord, New Hampshire 03301
ON DEPOSIT s^'' ^2 1975
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES OF 1972
SENATE RESOLUTION 60
EXECUTIVE SESSION HEARINGS
BEFORE THE
SELECT COMMITTEE ON
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES
UNITED STATES SENATE
NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS
SECOND SESSION
WATERGATE AND RELATED ACTIVITIES
Use of Incumbency — Responsiveness Program
(Additional Documents)
WASHINGTON, B.C.
Book 19
Printed for the use of the
Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1974
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington. D.C. 20402 - Price $5.05
Stock Number 5270-02452
SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON PRESIDENTIAL
CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES
(Established by S. Res. 60, 93d Congress, 1st Session)
SAM J. ERVIN, Jr., North Carolina, Chairman
HOWARD H. BAKER, Jr., Tennessee, Vice Chairman
HERMAN E. TALMADGE, Georgia EDWARD J. QURNEY, Florida
DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii LOWELL P. WEICKER, Jr., Connecticut
JOSEPH M. MONTO YA, New Mexico
Samuel Dash, Chief Counsel and Staff Director
Fred D.Thompson, Minority Counsel
RuFus L. Edmisten, Deputy Chief Counsel
Arthur S. Miller, Chief Consultant
David M. Dorsen, Assistant Chief Counsel
Terry F. Lenzner, Assistant Chief Counsel
James Hamilton, Assistant Chief Counsel
Carmine S. Bellino, Chief Investigator
Marc Lackritz, Assistant Counsel
James C. Moore, Assistant Counsel
Ronald D. Rotunda, Assistant Counsel
Barry Schochet, Assistant Counsel
W. Dennis Summers, Assistant Counsel
Alan S. Weitz, Assistant Counsel
Robert F. Mvm. Jr., Assistant Counsel
Mark J. Biros, Assistant Counsel
R. Scott Armstrong, Investigator
Michael J. Hershman, Investigator
Donald G. Sanders, Deputy Minority Counsel
Howard S. Liebengood, Assistant Minority Counsel
Michael J. Madigan, Assistant Minority Counsel
Richard L. Schultz, Assistant Minority Counsel
Robert Silverstein, Assistant Minority Counsel
Carolyn M. Andrade, Administrative Assistant
Carolyn E. Cohen, OfUce Manager
Joan C. Cole, Secretary to the Minority
[Executive session hearings released to the public after the filing
of the final report of the Senate Select Committee.]
CONTENTS
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD
Affidavit of Gordon L. Freedman, Jr., dated July 15, 1974 VIII
Exhibit
No. 1-
No. 2-
No. 3-
No. 5-
No. 6-
No. 7-
-White House memorandum for the Attorney General
from Jeb Magruder, dated January 12, 1971,
Subject: Early interest in federal
resources
-Memorandum for Mr. Dean from Jeb Magruder,
dated April 14, 1971, Subject: Federal
Government resources available for
campa ign purposes
-CRP memorandum for the Attorney General from
Jeb Magruder, dated May 6, 1971, Subject:
Utilization of Government Resources by
General Eisenhower, President Johnson and
Vice President Humphrey
-CRP memorandum for Gordon Strachan from Jeb
Magruder, dated May 17, 1971, Subject:
White House computer
-Memorandum for Mr. Horton from Jeb Magruder,
dated June 14, 1971, re: Referral of White
House memorandum for Jeb Magruder from
William Timmons, dated June 3, 1971, re:
Proposed campaign plan
-White House memorandum to Harry F lemming from
Peter Millspaugh, dated May 12, 1971, Subject:
Meeting to inventory federal resources for
the campa ign
-White House memorandum to Harry Flemming from
Peter Millspaugh, dated June 23, 1971, Subject
Second meeting on federal resources for the
campaign
-White House memorandum for the Attorney General
and H. R. Haldeman from Harry Dent, dated
October 26, 1971, Subject: Meeting with
southern Black leaders, re: Minority support?
and letter from Harry Dent to James Hamilton,
dated June 7, 1974, re: Response to Select
Committee inquiry
8595
8597
8598
8600
8604
8606
8613
9 — Confidential memorandum entitled "The Campaign
to Re-elect the President-The Plan to Capture
the Spanish-Speaking Vote" 8617
10 — "Campaign Plan-A Strategy for the Development
of the Black Vote in 1972," dated March 15,
1972 8713
11 — Memorandum for the Honorable Frederick V. Malek
from Robert C. Mardian, dated June 26, 1972,
re: Jack Crawford's proposed Black Voter
Program attached 8742
12 — Documents relating Responsiveness program
departmental contacts 8748
13 — Memorandum for Bob Marik from Alex Armendariz,
dated November 14, 1972, Subject: Campaign
report attached 8754
14 — Responsiveness documents from the Department of
Labor 8797
15 — CRP memorandum for the Attorney General from
Jeb Magruder, dated January 4, 1972, Subject:
Interest group reports 8813
16 — CRP memorandum for Henry Ramirez from Alex
Armendariz, dated July 8, 1972, Subject:
News clippings 8819
17 — CRP memorandum Bob Marik from Alex Armendariz,
dated November 14, 197 2, Subject: Campaign
report 8820
17a-CRP memorandum for Henry Ramirez from Alex
Armendariz, dated June 7, 1972, Subject:
Publicity: and attached news clippings 8835
18 — Documents relating to the James Farmer
matter 8837
19 — Documents relating to the Charles Wallace
matter 8848
19a -Memorandum for John Mitchell from and initialled
by Fred Malek, dated June 26, 1972, Subject:
Black Vote Compaign Plan 8859
20 — Memorandum to Rob Odle from Paul Jones, dated
January 17, 1972, Subject: Weekly report 8862
21 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Paul Jones,
dated March 24, 1972, Subject: Weekly
report 8863
22 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Paul Jones,
dated April 4, 1972, Subject: Weekly
activity report 8864
23 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Paul Jones,
dated September 1, 1972, Subject: Weekly
activity report 8865
No. 24 — CRP memorandum for Rob Odle from Paul Jones,
dated February 22, 1972, Subject: Weekly
activity report 8867
No. 2 5 — CRP memorandum for Jeb Magruder from Paul
Jones_^ dated February 18, 1972, Subject:
OIC /Opportunities Industrialization
Centers/ 8869
No. 26 — CRP memorandum for Robert Odle, Jr. from Paul
Jones, dated January 10, 1972, Subject:
Weekly report 8870
i;o. 27 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Paul Jones,
dated May 11, 1972, Subject: Weekly
activity report 8871
No. 28 — Final decision of the Civil Service Commission,
re: Hatch Act violation, solicitation of
General Service Administration employees
for campaign dinner 8872
No. 29 — ^White House memorandum for Dan Kingsley from
John Freeman, dated March 1, 1971, Subject:
Staffing Strategy for Part-time Boards
and Commissions 8882
No. 30 — Recommendation and referral for departmental
board or commission 8888
No. 31 — Memorandum for Fred Malek and Dan Kingsley from
Bill Horton, dated February 17, 1971, re:
Patronage targets; and attached entitled
"Talking Points on Changes in Management of
Non-Career Personnel. " 8891
No. 3: — Affidavit of Stanton D. Anderson, dated
June 4, 1974 8897
No. 33 — White House personnel referrals for career
and non-career placements 8899
No. 34 — ^Affidavit of Stephen C. Royer, dated June 25,
1974 retained in Committee' files
No. 35 — Federal "Political" Personnel Manual dated
1972 8902
No. 36 — CRP memorandum for Clark MacGregor from Dan
Todd., dated November 9, 1972, Subject:
Final Report, OAD /older Americans
Division/ 9051
No. 3 7 — CRP memorandum for John Mitchell, through
Fred Malek, from Webster Todd, dated
March 7, 1972, Subject: Older Americans
Division and attached report 9055
No. 38 — Report of General Accounting Office, re:
Older American brochures, dated October
12, 1972 and copies of Older American
brochures 9135
No. 3 8a -Memoranda for Public Information Offices from
Des Barker, Subject: Aging Program Infor-
mation 9205
No. 39 — Memorandum for Dan Todd from and signed by
L. J. (Bud) Evans, Jr., dated March 16,
1972, Subject: Older Americans Pamphlets;
document reproduction form attached 9207
No. 40 — CRP memorandum for Clark MacGregor from
Fred Malek, dated August 4, 1972, Subject:
Older Americans Progress 9212
No. 41 — Memoranda concerning the publication of
Government Older American brochures 9217
No. 42 — Memorandum to Malcolm R. Lovell, Jr. from
Robert J. Brown, re: Attached suggestions
for increasing older worker programs 9224
No. 43 — Memorandum for Paul J. Passer from Malcolm
R. Lovell, Jr., dated February 25, 1972,
Subject: Distribution of funds in jobs for
older workers program expansion 9231
No. 44 — Memorandum for Merwin S. Hans from Fred E.
Romero, dated June 13, 1972, Subject:
Chronology of Older Worker Project 9232
No. 45 — Handwritten sheet and CRP documents concerning
the F^ederation of Experienced Americans
/FEA/ 9234
No. 46 — Handwrit_ten document addressed to "Fred",
/Malek/ from Dan Todd, re: funding the
Federation of Experienced Americans 9239
No. 47 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Dan Todd,
dated November 6, 1972, Subject: Federation
of Experienced Americans 9241
No. 48 — Summary of investigation of "Possible Violations
of Criminal Laws and Hatch Act by Veterans
Administration Employees in Connection with
the 1972 Presidential Campaign, " prepared by
Special Subcommittee on Human Resources signed
by Johnathan R. Steinberg, dated April 25,
1974 9242
No. 49 — Veterans Committee to Re-elect the President
Campaign Plans for Veterans' Leaders, with
Tabs A-I 9248
No. 50 — National Veterans Committee for the Re-election
of the President Unit Chairman Workbook,
and CRP Veterans Division Final Report and
Field Report 9283
No. 51 — CRP Surrogate Program Campaign Advance Manual
with attachments 9306
No. 52 — Memo for Fred Malek from John Grinalds, dated
July 12, 1972, Subject: Military Voters;
with attached Recommended Action Plan for
Career Military Voter Group 9332
VII
No. 53 — Memorandum for Gordon Freedman from Richard J.
Wise, dated October 31, 1973, re: Attached
handwritten Memorandum to Fred Malek, Subject:
DOL Responsiveness to Special Needs during
the remainder of 1972 9338
No. 54 — CRP memorandum for Rob odle from and initialled
by Paul R. Jones, dated April 11, 1972,
Subject: Weekly Activity Report 9341
No. 55 — CRP memorandum for Fred Malek from Paul R.
Jones, dated July 21, 1972, Subject: Weekly
Activity Report 9342
SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES
District of Columbia )
City of Washington )
I, Gordon L. Freedman, Jr., residing in Washington, D.C., being duly
sworn, hereby depose and say:
1. I have worked as a Staff Assistant to the Senate Select Committee on
Presidential Campaign Activities from September 7, 1973 to the present.
2. During that time period, one of my^responsibilities was the review of
subpoenaed materials from the Committee for the Re-election of the
President.
3. In the course of the Committee's investigation, I have received the
documents iisted below from the staff of the National Archives, in whose
custody the records of the Committee for the Re-election of the President
reside. .
4. I verify that the following documents, appearing as exhibits (1-11, 13,
15, 16, 17, 17a, 18, 19, 19a, 29-27, 29, 30,- 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38a,
39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47, 49-52, 54, 55) of executive session hearings.
Book 19 , are true and accurate copies of material that I or Committee
staff under my supervision reviewed at the National Archives, and I
further verify that the remaining documents, appearing as exhibits (12, 14,
18 in part; 28, 32, 34, 38, 42, 43," 44, 48, 53) of Book 19, are true and
accurate copies of other material received in the course of Committee
investigation. . . " '
Subscribed and sworn to
before me this IS- day
of (Ji^y ■ 1974.
Gordon L. Freedman, Jr^
Notary ptiblic ' : . •'
My Commission exjaires !0j3u7^
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES OF 1972
Use of the Incumbency — Responsiveness Program
THE WHITE HOUSE
WA SHI NGTON
January 12, 1971
CONFIDENTIAL/EYES ONLY
MEMORANDUM FOR THE ATTORNEY GENERAL - S "W iV^
Last year we engaged in some political activities here at the White House.
I want to give you some idea about these activities and where they stand at
the present time in light of the changes forthcoming at the National Com-
mittee and, of course, looking down the road to 1972.
Generally, we have concentrated on the communications area by setting
up methods and systemsthat will allow us to reach the public. We have
relied primarily on the resources at the Republican National Committee.
Some of the senior staff have also requested our assistance on political
oriented projects.
Projects include:
MAILING SYSTEM
We have a mailing system that can reach approximately 200, 000 opinion
leaders in this country. This includes editors, publishers, university
presidents, heads of special interest groups, etc. In most cases we can
reach these people by name and have developed a robotype letter system
for personal letters. We are expanding this list by consolidating depart-
mental and outside group lists.
POLLING
The RNC has commissioned an average of four major field polls a year.
Opinion Research Corporation, with David Derge acting as consultant, has
done all the polls. Since these polls have been for the use of the President
we have worked directly with Derge and have concentrated particularly on
the image and issues questions. A field poll on image is to be done in
February.
CONFIDENTIAL/EYES ONLY
8596
RESEARCH AND RETRIEVAL
In October Mr. Haldeman asked us to develop a more effective informa-
tion system. We have begun working on this systcn which, hopefully,
would enable us to retrieve and use political information. As you can see
by Tab A, we have not made the kind of progress we had hoped to and this
information might be useful as the Republican National Committee staff is
reorganized.
RNC BUDGET
We have control over a budget at the RNC. At Tab B is the proposed 1971
budget. You will note that this budget includes some dollars allocated for
special purpose advertising.
OTHER POLITICAL ACTIVITIES
At the end of the 1970 campaign, we were asked to develop some thoughts
on how we might prepare for 1972. At Tab C is our wrap-up. It is my
opinion that although much of what is indicated in the memorandum could
be done from the White House, as was done in 1970, much of what is in-
cluded here should be done outside through the campaign structure.
Mr. Finch asked me to assist him. in. developing some preliminary ideas
for the 1972 campaign (see Tab D). It is my opinion that it is too early
for us to "show the flag" outside, particularly since the President has
indicated that we will not engage in political activities in 1971. On the
other hand, I do think it is important that we begin working on certain
functional areas that relate to the organization of the campaign i. e. , com-
puter programming, the general Citizens for Nixon internal organizational
structure, direct mail (see Tab E), etc. , that have long lead time problems.
RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Our Administration has not made effective political use of the resources
of the Federal Government, the RNC, the White House, and outside groups
and corporations. In developing the structure for the campaign, proper
use of these resources should be of primary concern at the outset of the
planning.
8597
April 14, 1971
CO?;yiDaNTIAL.
l.IEMORANDUIX FOR: KR. D3AN
FKCM: JEB S. MAC-RUDER
It has beea rcMjuastad that v^e detarmiae what use Presidents Eisenhower
aad Johnaon and Vice Preaidant Humphrey made of resources available
in the Federal Government for campaign purposes.
1 have talked with General Schulz and Bill I'opkina relating particularly
to the Siaenhower situation and Hopkins has given me some information
relating to the Johnson and Humphrey situations, I am also going to talk
to Tom Stephens who was Eisenhower's appointment secretary and -who is
a reliable source. Can you be of any assistance in this matter?
JSM:ger
JSjM Chron
uJSM Campaign General
CONFIDENTLY L
8598
CITIZf-N3 FOr; TH:- RE-tLECTION OF THP. Pf^ESIDEM r Exhibit 3
CCWFIOENI'TAL
MEMORANDUM FOR THE ATTORNEY GENERAL - fi'-* k'il
SUBJECT: Utilization of Govermiient Rasources by General Eisenhower,
President Johnson, and Vice President Kun.phrey
The folIo'..'ing is an interim rexDort on tlie use the arjove individuals
rnai2e of government resources during their campaign for election in
1956, 1934, and 1968 respectively. I have completed v;ork on General
Kiseniiowe/;'s activities, but have not been able to got all the infor-
mation no-jded for Johnson and Humphrey.
General i.isenhov/er used Len Hall, Chairman of the PJiC, as his chief
political adviser. All of the initial planning work, including things
such as polling, research, and development of field organizations, was
done through the PMC. K'o members of the Kiite House staff worked
directly on this other than in an advisory capacity. The individuals
on the Wnite House staff who were x^ai^ticularly concerned v;ere Sherman
AdeuTis, Tom Stephens, the Appointment Secretary, and General Persons,
v;ho v.'as head of Congressional Liaison. Bryce Harlow wrote most of the
General's political speeches and Herbert Brownell, the Attorney
General, and General Lucius Clay were also active in determining
strategy for the campaign.
During the actual canpaign no use was ii:ade of the Wiiite House or the
Federal Goverrunent to specifically work on the campaign other than tlie
normal support activities given General Eisen]iov;er through his position
as President.
8599
Under Johnson it has boen indicated tliat he made considerable use of
the V.'hite ;:ouse staff and individuals in the derjartmsuts to vrork on
the campaign. At the present time, I have not been able to get any
specific info.vn-.ation but, hopefully, will have more concise informa-
tion in the near future.
Before the convention, Humphrey used many people on his Vice Presiden-
tial staff, as well as individuals v/ho were employed by the Cabinet
Conunittees he was in charge of, to work specifically on the campaign.
Many individuals remained on the governinant payroll after the conven-
tion and continued to work exclusively on the campaign. As an example,
the individual v.'ho headed up his veterans activity was employed by the
Veterans Adininistration and remained with the VA throughout the cam-
paign. Some use was also made of the research facilities at the Census
We have also determined that Humphrey made very little use of the
Democratic National Committee before the convention, but that the other
Democratic candidates used the DNC extensively for printing and travel
arrangements. Evidentially, in 1968 the DUG v/as very lax in this area.
One reason v;hy both Johnson and Humphrey had an easier time than we
vrould have in this situation is that the control of Congress v;as under
tiie Democrats and my information is that it was difficult for the
Republicans to make much of this issue on the Hill. On the other hand,
if we used these resources in the same v/ay Johnson and Humphrey did,
v/itli the control of the Congress in the liands of tlie Democrats, they
could p.iJ'Ce this an issue.
From a public relations standpoint, it would seem best to restrict the
usG of government employees to:
1. direct assistance for tl.e President, and
2. to lielp develop strategy.
They should not get involved in the day-to'-day campaign functions.
1/'
JEB £•. MAGRUDER
8600
CITIZENS FOR THF. R E -t i_ ECTIO N OF THE PfAESIDENT Exhibit 4
WASHINGTON
°.c.:=oo^ May 17, 1971
CONFIDENTIAL
TO: GORDOM STRACtlAN
FROM: JEB I-IAGRUDER
SUBJECT: VJHITE HOUSE COMPUTER
In approaching the problem of useful applications of the computer
system, w^ have coinpilfd a comprehensive list of computer activi-
ties being considered for 1972. {Exhibit 1) They are given in a
rough order, from least to most political.
The judgment decision might be to select tlie optimum point on
this spactrum between "statesmanship" to "partisanship". Reason-
ahiu criteria could be tliat we be v/illing to leave the softv;are
in the system, even if the other side wins and that we could ade-
quately defend our actions if something leaked out to the press.
It is important to note that in some instances, buch as mailing lists,
the names would be kept on a separate disk file, which could be
stored outside the computer complex; the computer program vrauld
serve only to render the information into mailing label form and
to sort the names according to specified categories.
8601
Exhibit 1
Potential Coii'pulor Applications for 1972
(Listed in order of increasing partisan charact^iris tics)
(NOTE: Cost considerations have not been included in this prelininary list.)
1. All public statements by the President
2. Outcome of Administration proposals sent to Conyress
-Text and suircnary, (from 1 above)
-Action: jjassed, defeated, other
-Major Congressional proponents and opponents (sec also G and 7 above)
3. Summary of all Federal programs since 1/1/69 (primarily data fron 0MB)
-Brief description
-Buciyet or expenditure level
-Responsible agency
-Achievements since 1/1/69
-Problem areas (if any)
4. Grants and public v;orks projects initiated under this Adndnistratior. —
by Congressional district
5. Economic data by Congressional district of lov;er subdivision
-Unemployment
-Welfare recipients
-Trends since 1/1/69
6. Voting record of all CongressiTien, capable of being tabulated
-by bill
-by Congressman
-as cor-oated to Adiiiinistration positions
7. Congressional legislation introduced since 1/1/69
-by author and s^onzor^
-by subject
-for major '■.ontend':>rs - carry data back throughout career in Congress
8. Federal prtronage by Congressional district
9. Publir^hi^d p:.'.blic ooinion polls since 1/1/69, ijarticularly to indicate
trends over tine
8602
10. Voting data for tlie past several elections by CongrL-risioiial district
or lower subctivision . Prograin to determine straight party voting,
ticket-splitting, turt- - -t . (RKC has this data)
11. Demographic data by lo'.vest C.'e.-isus unit capable- of being coiupiled for
Congri^;sional districts and states
12. Voter reg i.stration inforr".ation by precinct, up to Congressional districts
and stateri
IJ. Software for simulated mapping of demographic data. Several types
exist. one Is sho■.^)n as E.-:hibit 2.
14." Major statem(=nt3 by opposition contenders
-Must be selective to keep volame reasonable
-Emphasize co-^jnents on pajor issues and key Administration initiatives
15. Major editorial cominent since 1/1/69 on" this Administration
16. Listing OL all office holders - Federal, state and local (to provide
background data for campaign speakers as they tour the country) . Ideal
data would include (v/here available)
-party affiliation
-v;hether running in 1972
-major issues he is identified v.-ith
-key contacts in Republican Party (where applicable)
17. Key members of local, state and national Republican Party
-biographical data
-past loyalties
-party offices held
-current activities and attitudes
IS. Program to generate address labels and coippile and sort lists of names
-those v%ho have written to the President since 1/1/69
-campaign contributors
-ca7,it;a Lgn volunteers
-special interest groups
8603
Exhibit 2
(Refer to March 13
in Exhibit 1)
O - 74 - pt. 19-2
8604
June 14, 1971
COtlFIDHIiTIAL/EYES ONLY
.»-lEf-:OR.V{DUM FOR: HR. H0Jn<2J
FROT: JI3 S. ^-lAC RUDER
Hera is Input from Bill Tijrrjons on Preston Mcirtin. I thlnX
you should see hiu and plu^ this into your project.
JSM:ger
JSM Chron
rast\ utilization of Resources
COUFIDSNTIAL/SYES OlXVi
8605
THE WHITE HOUSE
WA S H I N G T O N
June 3, 1971
CONFIDENTIAL - EYES ONLY
MEMORANDUM FOR: JEB MAGRUDER
FROM: WILLIAM E. TIMMONS
^
As you knovv, Preston Martin is head of the Federal
Home Loan Bank Board. He is a California-Nixon
Republican and is a little put out that nobody has
sought his political advise.
Apparently, he has given a great deal of thought to,
and designed, a sound economical plan to use federal
resources (projects, contracts, etc.) for advantage in
1972. He has graphs, maps, flow charts, etc. to show
how available money can be directed into the areas where
it would do the most good. Very scientific, I'm told.
While I have not talked to Preston, I think it would
be valuable for you to chat with him about his plan.
8606
P.M.'s copy ]{'f^
MEMORANDUM
/>'
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
CONFIDENTIAL
EYES ONLY
May 12, 1971
Exhibit 6
FROM:
Peter Millspaugh
The organizational meeting was held Tuesday, May 11. At-
tending were Peter Millspaugh (Political - White House),
Bill Gifford (OMB - Schultz), John Nidecker (Congressional
Liaison - White House), and David Lissy (State Department).
Flemming introduced the concept and set out the group's spe-
cific objectives. Familiarity with the assignment was developed
by a general discussion. A consensus emerged that the range
of federal resources must be inventoried and analyzed with per-
haps the federal grants area broken out for priority treatment
because of the immediate benefits and some budget cycle timing
considerations. Additionally, the matter of a delivery system
which would put these resources at our disposal on a timely
basis was considered to be imperative.
The following decisions were reached:
1) Given our present feel for the job, the group was adequately
representative as constituted,
2) Each member would compile a list of patronage items to be
turned over to Millspaugh within tw^o weeks.
3) The next meeting is set for Wednesday, May 26, at 2:00
p.m. The input will be analyzed, specific areas of respon-
sibility assigned and priorities set.
8607
MEMORANDUM
CONFIDENTIAL
EYES ONLY
THE WHITE HOUSE
Jane 23, 1971
FROM:
Harry Flemming
Peter tMillsoaugh
Second meeting on resources v r held Tuesday, June 8, and
attended by Flemming, Millspa.agh (W.H. - Political), Gifford
(OMB - Schultz). Nidecker (W.H. Congressional Liaison).
Lissy (State) and Mastrangelo (HEW).
Inventory of patronage items submitted by members was dis-
cussed. Decision was reached to concentrate initially on a
program utilizing this Administration's Presidential appoin-
tees. The basic objective of the program would be to carry
the message of the President's good works out into the states,
cities, towns and communities through these appointees as
his ALinbassadors. Set up properly, it was felt we could
greatly maximize the impact of this effort by some centralized
control over timing, geographic and constituency concentration,
issue selection, and speaker-to-audience match-ups. Elements
required to set up such a program were analyzed and Millspaugh
instructed to draw up a working outline, obtain a current listing
of Presidential appointees, and develop some data on the public
speaking presently associated with this group.
A need for some research was acknowledged and ideas solic-
ited. Millspaugh was to meet with Mr. Roehmer McPhee to
discuss the 1956 White House campaign set-up and consider
him for a possible addition to the present group.
Flemining alerted the group to a separate study underway to
develop recommendations for an arrangement tying OMB into
the campaign. Participants are Millspaugh, Gifford (OMB -
Schultz) and Horton (W.H. - Haldeman) and these recommenda-
tions are to be integrated into one overall report.
Date of the next meeting would be set by the Chairman.
8608
POINTS FOR DISCUSSION
6/9/71
General Proposition: By virtue of the incumbency, what do
we have that can be used, and how do we use it to re-elect
the President?
I. What do we have? (see materials). Is this enough for
our purposes, or should we go Department by Department
and dig out more specific types of patronage? If so, how
shall we proceed? To what extent is it required that the
campaign management team be aware of specific patronage
items?
n. What form should this be in to be of most use to campaign?
Should we list by Department/Agency? By subject, etc. . .
or maybe cut it a number of ways?
Should we go one step further and atteinpt to organize it in
categories more suited to direct campaign use, i. e. , along
issue lines, geographically, candidate support, etc. ? How
would we do this? Who would do?
in. Could we also come up with separate project ideas developed
around the use of the various types of patronage that would
augment the campaign nicely? (Looking at our appointees
for example, and the idea we discussed concerning an
Ambassador's Club project to develop an elite corps of sales-
men to go out and sell the President, ) What about a project
aimed at incorporating the enormous public information
apparatus at our disposal into various aspects of the cam-
paign, etc. 7)
IV, How do we approach the problem of our patronage delivery
system? Two requirements for this system would seem to
be: (1) deliver on one-shot, short notice requirements, and
(2) insure ongoing regulation of outgoing patronage within
guidance provided by campaign. Any other? What is best
way to structure our systemi, i.e., charge each Department
and Agency with gaining control of all of the Department's
outgoing patronage, then centralize that control in the hands
of one person who in turn becomes the contact point with
8609
Points for Discussion
Page 2
the campaign? Once established, how do we condition
and discipline the system? What level should we deal
at? How should the arrangements be made? Who
should do?
8610
THE BASIC TYPES OF PATRONAGE
1) Jobs (full-time, part-time, retainers, consultantships,
etc. )
2) Revenue
Contracts (Federal Government as purchaser - GSA)
Grants (do-good programs - EDA, Model Cities, NSF
(research), etc.)
Subsidies (needy industries - airlines, etc.)
Bank Deposits (all Federal accounts)
- Social Need Programs (direct benefit to citizen, i.e.,
Social Security, welfare, etc.)
- Public Works Projects
3) Execution of Federal Law (resides mainly in Department
of Justice wliose interpretive power touches every vested
interest).
4) Information and Public Relations Capacity (a professional (?
public relations office in each department and agency con-
stitutes an enormous public information apparatus).
5) Travel (domestic transportation can be provided by law,
foreign travel, international conferences, etc. are avail-
able).
8611
WHITE HOUSE PATRONAGE
A. Invitations (White House functions of all types)
B. White House Tours
C. Appointment with the President (Vice President and
staff also)
D. Addresses (Vice President and staff also)
E. Visits (Vice President and staff also)
F. Correspondence (Vice President, staff; includes direct
mailings recognizing accomplishments, graduations,
etc.)
G. Phone Calls ( Vice President and staff also)
H. Endorsements (Presidential or White House generally for
events, happenings, organizations, etc.)
I. Memorabilia and Autographed Photos (includes pens, golf
balls, tie clasps, etc. )
J. Positions or Assignments (occasional full-time positions,
summer internships, special White House assignments
or missions)
K. Awards (Presidential, Vice Presidential and White House)
L. Doors Opened (accessibility to Federal officials in depart-
ments and agencies)
M. Christmas Cards (and gifts)
8612
EXAMPLES OF SOME SPECLA.L INTEREST GROUPS
AND
THE FEDERAL DOLLAR *
Farmer (upper and middle class)
subsidies $ 4. 0 Billion
Oil (depletion allowance) 1. 5 "
Airlines and Users
(subsidies) 1.2 "
Railroad and Shipping Firms
(subsidies) 1.0 "
Trucking Firms and Motorists
(subsidies) 5.0 "
Construction (private housing) 2.0 "
Suburbanites (interest write-off
on taxes)
Veterans (benefits generally)
* Source:
To the Victor, Random House, 1971.
8613
THE WHITE HOUSE
WAS H I N GTON
October 26, 1971
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR:
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL /
H. R. HALDEMAN
HARRY S. DENT
(M^
Sixty-one Southern blacks assembled in Atlanta October 20 in a
meeting organized by Bob Brown. Most of them had been recommended
by their state chairmen, though not all were Republicans.
Representatives of federal agencies talked to them about Adminis-
tration achievements for minorities. I spoke to them about the
overall accomplishments of the Administration.
Several things struck me about the meeting:
1. There was unanimity in support- of the^ President, and
the feeling that blacks are being "used" by the Democrats.
2. There was much complaint that bureaucratic-level jobs
remain in the hands of Democratic holdovers, and they continue to
get credit for achievements as well as spreading negatives. We
need to identify and place our own blacks in these jobs.
3. Grant recipients are by and large Democrat-oriented
groups, said the conferees. I have already been in touch with
Phil Sanchez and some Southern black leaders about channeling money
to groups whose loaylties lie elsewhere. I have also delayed the
promotion of the Southeastern OEO man to the #3 spot in OEO until he
demonstrates proof-positive that he is rechanneling money from
Democrats to RN blacks.
S(i 1 4
4. Tho I'oiK'onsus w.is that I lio Ai^m u\\st i .d i oi^ has invh^vl
done more Cor nnnovitios than the Oowooiats, Vn>t that Ropubt ioaiis--
ospoov>^lly on tho loc^nl lovel--are not conmmnioating with blaoVs.
More moct'nys, such as the Atlanta sossion, wore svujcjostod, and
Bob Brown's office is doing this. Four such sessions have boen
hold at tho \>niitG House. Bob has also brought tov^othor top
Avlministration blaoks to plan strategy through the Oonunittoo to
Re-elect the President. The conferees also stressed the need for
a roore energetic organir.ational effort among blacks (1 believe that
the group assembled" in Atlanta eould t\n m a base for a Southwide
organizing effort) .
5. There was much discussion over tho fact that Bob Brown
("Our representative in the \>fliito House") needs to have more
visibility as an integral member of the White House staff. 1
concur in this.
6. Dan Kingsley has agreed to put 20 Southern KN blacVs on
honorary cvxnmittees as soon as possible.
7. The conferees took action to place two of their number
from each state on a conxmittee to work for the re-election of RN.
This was an extremely valuable meeting. Incidently, each person
present received a presidential trinket. I am attaching a list of
those who attended.
Hii\
I furry S. I)cii(
(nria) iina.iiBBO (H,,i,l 7<ta ohao
Mr . .I.Kn.'tJ Il.xni \ f on
I'ooiri rj-JOB
ri<w .'ionate Officr; Hu i M i nq
W.);ihiirirjton, D.C.
U'-.ir Mr. Hamilton:
i; appreciate th»,- opportunity if; o'jm;ri<:nt. for t.hf: record
on a purported morno roqarding -i moctlny f ^it.t-.r.ndftd In At;l/inta
on October 20, 1971.
Not having any more th<jn your recitation on the phone of
a portion of a memo 1 allegedly wrote limit« my capacity to
respond on an ovent three yo/irri old.
I ittending -i i" < ' ■ r, ( oT more than 100 Black*
ari') li their very v.- iff-u's complaints about what
they 'i' ,. , i;, the one-si i.'l'-'J poiii.ical operation of the
Office ot Kconomic Opportunity In favor of Black Dcmocratrj
and particularly thoBo of radical and revolutionary airriH.
I was told repeatedly there and In man/ prevlouH communlcatlonB
that it was vlrt.ually impoBsfble for any Rlack or underprivileged
person of a non-partisan, nepubJlcan, or jjro-rMxon Btance to get
any consideration by the OKO l/ijr'-.D'.r -icy . These people were
demanding fairness and bal-u ' all underprivileged could
share on an equal basis in ' ; of the ORO programs.
They said that it was ludif.r 'his Administration would
continue to permit the bureaucijoy^^perate OKO in such a
discrimnatory and radical-oriented fashion.
They told of OKO community action programs being used to
have Black voters haulfed to the polls to vote Democratic. They
told of many abuses In the use of OEO funds such as ponnihly
purchasing weapons for use in advancing revolutionary :
programs.
Phil Sanchez can attest that Harry Dent nev ' . i m
or anyone under his command to do anything. I o i 'he
many complaints I had received for appropriate '- n
and/or action.
In that Atlanta meeting I met many Blacks v/
partisan. Democrat, and Republican. One of the jy ,. . ,o: , \
met was subsequently recommended by me to be Southeastern Regional
Director of OEO because I became convinced he would be fair to
all. His predecessor was promoted to rM)rnh<--r three po^iition in
8616
LAW OFFICES
Harry S. Dent
PALMETTO STATE LITE BOTLDING
P. O. DRAW^ER 11628
COLITMBIA, S. C. 29211
(803) 252. 9550
1747 PENNSTLVAKIA AVE., N. W.
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006
(202) 785.BS90
Washington, and I went along with the promotion when my
advice was sought on this political position.
So, what I sought was to insure not only equality of
opportunity and fairness, but also to pass on to OEO officials
all examples of abuse and waste in the OEO programs. Had I
been seeking only to channel OEO funds to Republicans I would
never have recommended Sonny Walker, a Democrat, to be Regional
Director.
I suggest you contact Sonny Walker for verification of all
this and ask if he ever got any orders from Harry Dent before
you reach any conclusions on this matter.
Sincerely ,
Harry S. Dent
8617
CONFIDENTIAL Exhibit 9
THE CAMPAIGN TO RE-ELE CT THE PRESIDENT (i H -2D S'
THE PLAN TO CAPTURE THE SPANISH SPEAKING VOTE
Spanish spealcing voters represent potential sv/ir.g votes in five
key states - California, Texas, New York, Illinois and New-
Jersey. While this vote has been heavily Democratic in the past,
the President has a particularly good opportunity to enlarge his
share of this vote in 1972. His record on issues of interest to the
Spanish speaking is acceptable, he has paid an unusual amount of
attention to the group through appointments and grants, and signifi-
cantly the group is dissatisfied with the attention tne Democratic
party has been giving them.
The goal of the Spanish speaking organizations at 1701 and the White
House is to exploit this opportunity with an action program concen-
trated in the key states and designed to publicize the President's
concern for the Spanish speaking and the action he has taken on this
concern.
The following sections outline how this is to be done:
I. Background on the Spanish Speakini; Community. This
section describes the group and draws conclusions around
which we can build the campaign strategy.
n. Canipaijn Strategy. This section outlines the general
strategy v, e expect to use and the specific campaign tools
we are planning for use in iniplementing the strategy.
III. Camp.-i.i'i n Orc^- nization. This section describes the
organization at cainpaiL'n headquarters, in the field, and
at the White House which will be responsible for imple-
menting this plan.
IV. Tabs A to P: Actio p. Stops. These tabs outline specific
action steps necessary to activate our campaign strategy.
8618
V. Appendicies A to G. The appendicies contain descriptions
of the campaign organizations as well as miscellaneous
background data keyed to the points in the text.
8619
I. BACKGROUND ON THE SPANISH SPEAI^NG COMMUNITY
There are 10. 6 million Spanish speakinr individuals in the United
States according to the 1970 census. Of this figure, 5. 6 million are
of voting age. Thus, the Spanish speaking represent about 5. 6% of
the U. S. population and about 4. 2% of the U. S. population of voting
age. This population breaks into four niajor subgroups of which the
Mexican American segment is the most significant:
Total Over 18 Years
Mexican American
5.8
2.8
Puerto Rican
1.7
.8
Cuban
. 7
.4
Other (75% Mexican
American)
2. 1
1.3
Total
10.6
MM
5. 6 MM
The Spanish speaking population is concentrated in only a handful of
the fifty states. About 90% of the total live in the following nine states:
States
California
Texas
New York
Florida
New Mexico
Illinois
Arizona
Colorado
New Jersey
Total
"Puerto Ric^n only.
Further t"nor^, t' i- pup-- ' --.; io;- is lariie enoi:^;i to aff'.-^-t t'r.c clcrtion
outco:-;-ie in all of these states. Tlie table belovs- comiparos t'r.^ nunibei
of Spanish speaking \oters over IS -v.ith tiie \°o6 election outcome
in the nine states.
'
'
llWVVllliJ Hi
"
Total
SS as
N
UiTiber
Spanish
% of Total
O
ver
Predominant'
Speaking
Population
17. 3
E
1.
ighteen
754,8 19
Subgroup
3,464,665
1
M-A
2, 137,48 1
19.0
1
08 1,527
M-A
1,455,941
7. 9
482,361
PR ••:=
45 1,382
6.6
296,632
Cuban
434,849
42.8
245. 117
M-A
364,397
3. 2
195, 196
M-A
360, 08^
20. 3
175,436
M-A
316,940
14.3
152,038
M-A
310,476
4. 3
70, 122
PR
9, 29o, 220
S7.7 %
4
,453,248
18 O- 74 -pt. 19 - 3
8620
Republican
N
o. SS 18
or Democrat
State
ai
nd Over
Plurality
Wallace
California
2,
, 107,895
223,346
(R)
487,270
Texas
1,
,08 1,527
38,960
(D)
584,269
New York
1,
,065,831
370,538
(D)
358,860
Florida
296,632
2 10, 0 10
(R)
624,207
New Mexico
254, 117
39,611
(R)
25,737
Illinois
195, 196
134,960
(R)
390,958
Arizona
202, 176
96,207
(R)
46,573
Colorado
182,511
74, 17 1
(R)
60,8 13.,
New Jersey
244,922
61,26 1
(R)
262, 187.
Of these states the President should carry Arizona, Colorado and
Florida safely without heavy reliance on the Spanish speaking. How-
ever, within six states - the key states of California, Texas, New
York, Illinois and New Jersey (175 electoral votes) and the non-key
state. New Mexico (4 electoral votes) - the Spanish speaking vote
can easily determine the outcome of the election. This is particularly
true in California and Texas where 11% swing and a 3. 5% swing res-
pectively would have changed the 1968 results (assuming all other
things equal and a 50% Spanish speaking turnout).
Moreover, within these six states, the large majority of the Spanish
speaking voters are concentrated in just 44 counties. This population
of 6,193,797 represents 58% of the total United States Spanish speaking
population. It represents higher percentages of the population in each
of the five key states: in California 2. 74 million or 79% of the Spanish
speaking live in 17 counties; in Texas 1. 36 million or 64% live in 10
counties; in New York 1. 37 million or 94% live in 7 counties; in New
Jersey 243, 000 or 78% live in 6 counties; in Illinois 286, 000 or 78%
live in CookCounty; in addition 194,000 or 45% live in 3 New Mexico
counties. See Appendix A for a more detailed breakdown.
While we do not have accurate tisi'iros on the Spanish speaking \-oting
patterns, the Institute of American Research claims that the Mexican
American v^^te has gone as ioUovvs since I960: in 1960, 85% JFK vs.
15% RN; in 19o4. QO'^a LCJ ^s. 10"-, Goklv.ater: in l?-..^, ST":,- HHII, 10%
RN; Z'lo Wallace, 1% Otht-rs. As for the other groups, our New York
8621
sources estimate that the President received 20% of the Puerto Rican
vote in 1968; and our Florida sources tell us that about 75% of the Dade
County Cuban vote vv-ent to the President in 1968.
Beyond this information on the location and importance of the Spanish
speaking vote, certain generalizations can be made about the
Spanish speaking population: (a) they generally have lower incomes
than the Anglos, but higher than Blacks; (b) they are mostly Catholic;
(c) they are strongly family oriented; (d) their culture is markedly
different in many respects from mainstream U. S. culture; (e) they
are less well educated than the average Anglo; (f) they are immature
politically as shown by the presence of many waring factions within
each subgroup; (g) they are often distrustful of their own leaders;
(h) they have not participated significantly in the political process in
most areas of the United States, principally because of the language
barrier and the resulting income levels; and (i) they feel that neither
party takes their problems to heart and provides them with the attention
and assistance they need (See Appendix B). Beyond these generalizations,
each subgroup has characteristics of its own which are significant to
the campaign strategy.
MEXICAN AMERICANS
As previously mentioned, Mexican Americans number at least seven
million (7, 000, 000), eighty percent of whom live in the Southwest and
Far West. They will be a key determinant of the 1972 outcome in
California, Texas, Illinois, and New Mexico - states representing
101 electoral votes.
In both Texas and California the number of Mexican Americans exceeds
the number of Blacks, yet as a political force, they have been ignored
until recently. However, in 1^70 they v/ere instrumental in both
Yarborough's primary doieat wiien Bentsen strongly culti\ ated tliem,
and in Murphy's general election defeat after he v/as branded as being
pro producer. Tliis votin;: power v.iU become greater as the l'^70
Voting Rights Act's elimination of literacy requireinents for voting has
its full impact.
8622
It is important to note that Mexican Americans differ along class
lines. Three distinct classes are discernible - the Spanish speaking
middle class, the urban poor, and the migrant worker. The Spanish
speaking middle class and the urban poor are the great majority
of the probable voters and thus become the target groups for the
canapaign effort. The Spanish speaking middle class can generally
be described as those who have successfully crossed the language
barrier and have won reasonably secure places in the economy as
blue and white collar workers, professionals, and goverr.m^ent workers.
This group represents 30 to 40% of the Mexican American vote. The
urban poor (about 60%) are those who are not yet securely tied into
the economy. They generally suffer from high uneniployment rates
and high job turnover, have language difficulties and remain distinct
and apart from the mainstream United States culture.
We do not yet have satisfactory polling information to show us the
similarities and differences between these two classes on key issues.
(This information will be available about May 15 - see Tab A for
information on the survey. ) Hov/ever, we speculate at this time that
the issues concerning them are as follows:
Spanish Speaking
Middle Class Issues
Spanish Speaking
Urban Poor Issues
economic development
bilingual education
higher education
job improvement progranns
senior citizen progranns
(non- institutional)
law and order
bilingual education
job training programs
unemployment
discrimination
housing
police brutality
While the President's programs do not fulfill all the needs nor
abreviate all the concerns of tlie^o two groups, his record relative to
previous adniinistrations is a good one. (See Tab B for details. )
The highligiits of t!ie record are as follows:
(a! E-tahli-' .■:! ••.- C.^h
the Spanish Speakir.i
Cor
ittoe on Opportunit-.ci for
8623
(b) Initiated a Sixteen Point Program shaped to meet Spanish
speaking needs rather than using programs designed for
Blacks.
(c) Made many high level appointments (See Appendix L).
(d) Initiated economic development programs through OEO,
SBA, OMBE and OEO.
(e) Began work on the bilingual education problem.
This vote is traditionally Democratic; and it went strongly against
the President in 1968. And since then, there has not been a noticeable
swing toward the President in spite of his record. However, a force-
ful campaign combined with the fact that some GOP candidates do
well with this vote (25% to Tower in 1966) gives us reason to feel that
the President can niake inroads into this vote this year.
PUERTO RICANS
There are about 1. 7 million Puerto Ricans in the United States. Ninety
(90%) percent of this number is concentrated in the urban centers of
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Connecticut. Others live
in Florida, California, Illinois, and Texas, but the numbers are not
significant. We are concerned about the Puerto Rican vote in the two
states particularly important to the national campaign - New York
(1, 45 5, 941 eligible Puerto Rican voters) and New Jersey (Z44, 422
eligible voters).
Like the Mexican Americans, the Puerto Ricans break into two classes
the Spanish speaking middle class (about 30%) and the urban poor (about
70%). We surmise at this time that the main concerns of these two
classes are much the same as those of the Mexican Americans.
With this group the President's record is less strong. High level
appointments ha\ e not been made in great numbers, and the uneni-
ployment rate since l'?b9 has been particularly tough on them. The
New York Times recently estiniated thai ^ne half of the Puerto Ricans
in Nov.- Yorl- ai'o on ■. c ;:\i re. T:.<' Piicrlo Ricans u=u._l!;v „ oto !:.. „-. ilv
8624
Democratic (6% for Buckley in 1970, 20% for the President in
1968), although some Republicans do well in this community.
(Rockefeller got 36% of the 1970 vote. ) With Rockefeller as the
Re-electicn Chairman in New York, we hope to benefit from his
popularity and expertise in this community.
CUBANS
There are an estimated 650, 000 Cubans in the United States. The
largest concentration is in Florida - about 400,000 with 300,000
living in Dade County alone. Others are in California (100,000) and
in Texas (15, 000).
Most Cubans have come into the country since 1959 to escape from
Castro. Because they are recent arrivals and many hope to return
to Cuba, relatively f'»w Cubans have become citizens and are thus
eligible to vote. About 70, 000 of the 650, 000 will be eligible in
1972. The Cubans then are not a significant voting block in any
state except Florida. And in Florida where there v/ill be about
45, 000 qualified Cuban voters, they will not be a key to the President
winning the state. In fact, the President has done well with this
block in the past - he received some 75% of the eligible voters in
Dade County in 1968. With work, we expect to do as well in 1972.
CONCLUSIONS
While we have yet to complete our research on the demographic
descriptions, the issues of major concern, and the complete achieve-
ment record of the Nixon Administration for the Spanish speaking
community, we can reach several broad conclusions which can serve
as the basis of the Spanish speaking campaign strategy.
(1) Spanish speaking voters are a significant voting block in six
states - five of which are key states.
(2) Within these fi'. e key states, the Spanish speaking are concen-
trated in 41 counties.
(3) The Sp^niih. spr^Iiiia are a cor.^p.-.ii'iif v -n'lrt froiix t!^*:" -'^ ■!:-..- ■ :■
United States culture. They v.ant %ory much to Sjelone, hut i!-..-v
are most conscious of the fact tliat they are treated diu'cixMii.iv
8625
from other white populations. This sets tlie tone of general
dissatisfaction found in many quarters of the community today.
(4) The Spanish speaking community is highly segmented; it
divides into three major subgroups - Mexican Anierican,
Puerto Rican and Cuban; within the Mexican American and
Puerto Rican groups there is further seginenfcation along
income or class lines.
(5) The Spanish speaking have voted heavily Democratic in the
past, but they are disillusioned with attention they have been
recei\dng fronn the Democrats.
(6) The President has an acceptable record on issues of interest
to this group; and it is better than any previous President's.
(7) Yet the President's record is not widely known nor has it yet
generated a major sv/ing tov/ard him.
(8) The Spanish speaking middle class segment of the community
is more in tune with the President's philosophy than is the
urban poor segment.
(9) "The Spanish speaking are just becoming politically aware and
should react to attention.
(10) The Spanish speaking feel that the Blacks have been given more
favorable attention than they have received.
(11) The community leadership is factionized and the people do not
necessarily have confidence in their own leaders.
In summary, the Spanish speal;ini^ comaiur.ity is strategically located;
and although it has voted mainly for the Democrats in the past, the
President has an opportunity to increase his support from t!ns group
in 1972.
8626
ir CAMPAIGN STRATEGY
The goal of the 1972 campaign for the Spanish speaking vote is
straight forward - to swing to the President those Spanish speaking
votes necessary to win those key states where this vote is a factor.
The basic approach for achie^dng this goal is also straight forward -
to publicize the President's concern for this group and his record in
taking action on this concern.
CAMPAIGN STRATEGY
Based on the conclusions in the previous section, our strategy to
implement the campaign approach is as follows:
(1) Concentrate our cannpaign efforts in the key states and in
the key counties within each of these states.
(2) Pitch the field organizations effort to persuading and getting
out the Spanish speaking middle class vote; but attempt to
appeal to all segments of the voter group in the media and public
relations aspect of the campaign.
(3) Use all possible means to publicize the President's record in
the Spanish speaking community. This publicity \^ill emphasize
that the President understands the group's special problem^s and
that he cares that these problems be addressed. Use appoint-
ment record to show that group members fit into the President's
team and are needed.
(4) Study the attitudes of each segment of the community so that
the specific canipaign appeals for each segment are in language
and about is dues whicr. each relates to.
(5) Stress voting for the President, not the GOP. Don't put issues
in traditional party terms.
(6) Conduct an active grass roots camoaign. Wide \oter contacts
through rp.sr;e^lu'; ' v ■-.r;-.' r s ,-.:•..:! ;)i;..t uroap n\i-t-.^Jn; r s on bcii^If
of the President can lielp break doun the prodilectior. to vote
Dem.ocratic.
8627
(7) Use a broad spectrum of Spanish speaking leaders and
heros as representatives to the community so that the
President is not seen as taking sides in Spanish speaking
leadership disputes.
IMPLEMENTATION TOOLS
We have several tools at our disposal to implement these strategy
points. Each tool will be shaped and used according to the dema.nds
of the strategy; basically they are as follows:
(1) Flesh out the President's positions on issues where ever
possible in a way that is attractive to the various Spanish
speaking subgroups.
(2) Use the incunabancy to the greatest extent possible to stroke
this comnaunity over the next several months through appoint-
ments, grants, program development, accelerated prograin
implementation, and publicity of the President's record through
the departments and agencies.
(3) Publicize the President's record and his concern for the
■ Spanish speaking through all avenues - making use of national,
local and Spanish speaking T\', radio and press. Other media
will be a handout brochure oriented to the Spanish speaking
and the CCSS newsletter to opinion leaders. The tools used
to generate this publicity will be:
(a) Presidential and First Family events focused on the
Spanish speaking.
(b) Endorsements from well known individuals and groups.
(c) Speeches to the Spanish, speaking praising the President
by both Spanish speaking and non-Spanish speaking adniin-
istration ofiicials.
(d) Press Ijri.- lings oa Li.e i^ resirle nt ' s record.
8628
(e) Convention activities invoUdng the Spanish speaking
delegates and their support for the President.
(f) Development of appropriate advertising aimed at the
Spanish speaking voter.
(g) Organization of a press effort at the White House to
manage the Spanish speaking publicity campaign.
(4) Organise a strong field effort to reach the individual Spanisli
speaking voter on the personal level. The tools we v/ill use to
do this are:
(a) Organization of an effort to obtain a 1, 000, 000 signature
petition endorsing the President's record.
(b)' Direct mail programs designed to address issues of concern
and to generate local volunteers.
(c) A bilingual telephone program in key counties to persuade
and to get out the vote.
. (d) Strong local advance work to turn the community out to
hear pro-Administration speakers.
(e) Brochure and bumper sticker distribution in key precincts
within key counties.
The action steps necessary to implement each of the above tools are
described in Section IV, Tabs A to P. The next section describes
the organization that will be required to implement this strategy and
these plans.
8629
III ORGANIZATION
Four major organizational entities v/ill work together to implejnent
the campaign strategy:
The campaign staff for the national, state and county levels.
The White House Spanish Speaking Constituent Group Task
Force.
The Spanish Speaking Citizens for the Re-election of the
President Committees at the national, state and county
levels.
The Cabinet Committee for Opportunities for Spanish
Speaking.
Each group has complimentary responsibilities and their activities
will be coordinated by Fred Malek. The summary purpose and
responsibilities of each group are as follows:
(1) The purpose of the campaign staff is to manage the cannpaign
effort. This role includes the responsibility for developing the
campaign plan; for organizing the Spanish speaking cam.paign teams
at the state and county levels in conjunction with Nixon State Campaign
Directors; for directing the Spanish speaking campaign at the national
level including developnnent of advertising, direct mail, and campaign
brochures; and for seeing that the campaign plan is iniplemented at
the state and local levels.
To carry out this responsibility will require two Mexican American
field men, one Puerto R.ican field man and three secretaries for
clerical support. See Appendix C for a full description of this
organization.
(2) The purpose of the White House Spanish Speaking Constituent
Group Task ^orce is lo mobili/e t/ie resorrccs of the Executive
Branch in support of th--^ c - r-t-ior-ic -i efforf. T!v.s tisk force is r-s-
ponsible for hielping posiiion tlie President properly on isfues of
interest to the Spanish .spcihing, fo r obtaining Spanish, speaking per-
sonnel appointments, grants and oth.er prograni initiati\-es ; for planning
ard staginu publicity e'.cr'^, for u^in^ tho po\-.er i-;" '--o \V;■.^l,• j:. >:.-.-
8630
and the Departments to publicize the President and his record in
the Spanish speaking community, to arrange for and schedule
Administration spokesmen, and to research the President's record.
This groiip will be headed up by Bill Marumoto who will in addition
concentrate on public relations activities. Carlos Conde headd up
the media publicity effort, provides the technical expertise to obtain
press and media coverage, and is the writer for trie Task I'orce.
Tony Rodriquez will schedule our Spanish speaking appointees (working
through the 1701 and appropriate state speakers bureaus)as well as providi
qualified Spanish speaking candidates for Adininis tration appointnient
opportunities. (See Appendix D)
(3) The purpose of the Spanish Speaking Citizens for the Re-election
of the President is to develop grass roots support for the President.
It will work with the Spanish Speaking Campaign Director in his effort
to assist the State Campaign Directors in organizing state and county
Spanish Speaking Citizens Groups, to obtain endorsements from indi-
viduals and organizations, and in generating volunteers to assist in
the campaign at the local level. (See Appendix E)
(4) The Cabinet Comrptittee for Opportunities for Spanish Speaking
will provide research and staff support to the White Flouse Task
Force for all phases of the campaign effort. In addition, its Chair-
man, Henry Ramirez, should be a powerful recruiter of Spanish
speaking support. (See Appendix F)
8631
IV. ACTION STEPS
TABS
A SURVEYING THE SPANISH SPEAKING COMMUNITY
B RESEARCHING THE PRESIDENT'S RECORD
C ASCERTAINING THE OPPOSITION'S STRATEGY
D REFINING THE CAMPAIGN STRATEGY
E STAGING PRESIDENTIAL EVENTS
F ORGANIZING THE FIELD CAMPAIGN EFFORT
G CAPITALIZING ON THE INCUMBENCY
H OBTAINING PUBLICITY FOR THE PRESIDENT
I ADVERTISING THE PRESIDENT'S RECORD
j SCHEDULING SURROGATES
K OBTAINING ENDORSEMENTS OF THE PRESIDENT
L OBTAINING SUPPORT OF INDEPENDENT SPANISH SPEAKING
POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
M DEVELOPING FRATERNAL AND OTHER GROUP SUPPORT
N OBTAINING ONE MILLION SIGNATURES IN SUPPORT OF
THE PRESIDENT
O CAPITALIZING ON THE NATIONAL CONVENTION
P USING THE TELEPHONE TO REACH SPANISH SPEAKING VOTERS
Q USING DIRECT MAIL TO REACH SPANISH SPEAKING VOTERS
8632
SURVEYING THE SPANISH SPEAKING COMMUNITY
A study is now being conducted in prime Spanish speaking areas
by the Cabinet Conimittee on Spanish Speaking. It is an in-depth
opinion survey of the Mexican American and Puerto Rican sub-
groups in California, Texas, Illinois and New York.
.The study, to be completed by May 31st, will allow us to define
key issues, position ourselves on them, and discuss these issues
in appropriate terms in the campaign. Alex Arniendariz will be
responsible for analyzing the results, and working thein into the
campaign strategy by June 15th.
8633
RESEARCIuNG THE PRESIDENT'S SPANISH SPEAKING RECORD
The President has a creditable record on issues and programs of
interest to the Spanish speaking. A survey of the activities affect-
ing the Spanish speaking in ail Federal agencies since January 1969
is now being conducted, with the purpose of defining this record as
specifically as possible.
Carlos Conde and Henry RanHiirez have had the responsibility for
developing a prelinninary report. This is now complete and is
attached. After further research, to be completed by April 15,
.this record will serve as the basis for the various persuasion efforts
in the campaign - the brochure, speech material and publicity
events ideas. The detailed record, when compared with the survey
of issues in the Spanish speaking cominunity, will also point up
areas to be supplemented by appointments, grants or program
development.
Bill Marumoto, Henry Ramirez and Alex Armendaris will be
responsible for analyzing the record and developing recommendations
for ways of supplementing it by May 1.
8634
THE SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE AND THE NIXON RECORD
President Nixon initiated the "l6-point" ^.rogrann in November, 1970
to bring more Spanish Surnanied Americans into Federal service. One of
the objectives of the program v/as to place Spap.ish Spealang puopie in ke/
policy- rnalung positions. This program has become tlie cornerstone of
the Nixon commitment to the Spanish Speaking people. To date, the
President has iTiade 26 top-level appointments, the best achievement in
the history of the Republic and a record v/hich no previous adininistration
can even begin to approach. The previous administration made six major
appointm.ents but none in a inajor domestic agency with direct effects on
the Spardsh Speaking. Between May, 1970 and May, 1971 Spanish Spealdng
Federal employmsnt increased by 1,571, the largest gain of any minority
group. He is the first President to have a Spanish Speaking member on
his White House Staff.
The President created the Cabinet Committee on Opportunities for
Spanish Speaking People and enacted legislation that made it a permanent
body.
In the program area, some of the highlights of the Nixon administration
are:
The budget for bilingual ..ducation rose to 535 million in 1972
and $-11 million has been proposed for Fiscal 1973. ApproxiiTiately 75 percer
8635
The Office of Civil Rights in HEV/ issued a policy statement
stating that sc'^ool districts that receive Federal funds must assure equal
education opportunity for Spanish Speaking pupils.
Established in July, 1970 the Office of the Special Assistant
on Health Needs of Spanish Surnamed Americans.
Funded Drvig Abuse programs in four southwest cities with
predominately Spanish Speaking population.
Spanish surnained Americans form significant percentages of
the population of Z7 naodel cities neighborhoods in the country.
The Community Relations Department of the Department of
Justice increased its efforts on behalf of Spanish Speaking from 2 percent
in early 1969 to approximately Id percent in July, 1972.
Total OEO obligations for programs impacting on the Spanish
Speaking poor v/ere $277 million in Fiscal year 19 70 and $292 million in
Fiscal year 1971. $294 m.illion of the funds requests for Fiscal year 1972
will reach this target group.
In Texas, Spanish Speaidng communities received 67 OEO grants
totaling $16.6 million, or 23 percent of the total.
President Kixon created the Off^'^e of Mmority Enterprise which
has direct impact on the Spamsh Speaking economic develop.T:ien'i.. The
President created $40 inillioa in supplemental appropriations in October,
32-818 O - 74 - pt.
8636
The dollar amounts of grants and contracts awarded to Spanish
surnamed groups by tb.e Economic Dcvelopinent Association increased from
$196,000 in 1968 to $514,000 in 1971, an increase of 38 percent.
The Small Business Administration made over Z,500 loans
totaling nearly 3S8 million in Fiscal year 1971 to Spanish Speaking
businesses- -an increase of nearly 50 percent in nunnber and 60 percent
in dollar amounts over the previous year.
OMBE is in the process of establishing 21 field representatives
in cities having substantial minority population. A significant number will
be Spanish Spealang.
SBA's 8A procurement program, the "set-aside" program for
minorities and other disadvantaged groups total-id $66.1 million, 10 percent
of which is clearly identified as being purchased from firms ov/ned by
Spanish SpeaHng individuals.
The food stamp program has increased from 2. 8 inillion people
in January, 1969 to 11 million at the present time.
The number of children with free or reduced price lunches has
increased from, three million, when Nixon became President to S. 1 million
for the current year.
Participation of Spanish surnamed Americans in Labor Departnient
nnanpov.er programs increased by 53 percent over the past two years. The
largest ^ain v.as ir. the ^.\ ighborhuod Youth. Corps out- of- sc'^.ocl program,
8637
The Administration issued $20.2 million for "Tht; Last Yellow
Bus", a ccTiif-rchensive Migrant Manpower program.
In 1973, the total Federal civil rights budget will -Imost
triple the IS'o'j exponditures--0. 9 million to $2.6 billion.
8638
ASCERTAINING THE OPPOSITIONS STRATEGY
A thorough assessinent of the opposition cainp will be made and
frequently xipdated. This effort will include monitoring the opposi-
tion's Spa.nish speaking communications, materials and positions
on issues.
This research will allow us to do three things:
(1) Calculate the probable effectiveness of the Democrats campaign
pitch on the Spanish speaking vote.
(2) Develop counter measures as appropriate.
(3) Recruit disenchanted Democratic campaign workers
at the national, state and local levels.
Everyone involved in the Spanish speaking campaign will be responsible
for gathering intelligence data. Alex Armcndariz will pull the data to-
gether, analyze it and develop action steps based on it. He will include
the intelligence reporting requirements in the field instructions develop-
ed for the state and local field organization. This assessment will be
connpleted within two weeks after the close of the Democratic Convention.
8639
REFINING THE CAMPAIGN STRATEGY
Alex Arnicndariz will analyze the data developed by the survey of
the Spanisli speaking (Tab A), by the research effort on the President'
record (Tab B) and by the opposition research effort (Tab C), and
adjust the canipaign strategy and action approach as appropriate.
This v/ill be complete by July 15.
8640
STAGING PRESIDENTIAL EVENTS
The Spanish speaking constituent group is allocated eight Presidential .
events and eight First Family events between now and the convention
to help publicize the President's interest in the community. These
events will be one of the major a\-enues to generate publicity and
must be carefully used to achieve the greatest inipact. Bill Marumoto
is responsible for developing recoinmendations by April 15. These
are attached.
Alex Armendariz will clear these plans with the Campaign Directors
in those states in which the events are staged.
8641
MEMORANDUM :.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINOTO N
ADMINISTRATIVE- CONFIDENTIAL
April 5, 1972
MEMOR.\XDL-M FOR: FRED MALEK
CHUCK COLSON
v^
FROM: BILL (^JO) i\LA.RUMOTO
SUBJECT: President's Participation in
Spanish Speaking Activities
Pursuant to our recent conversation on the above, I am submitting
for your reviev/ some ideas that have been developed jointly by
Henry Ranmirez, Alex Arnnendariz, Tony Rodriguez, Carlos Conde
and myself.
Spanish speaking Americans are generally characterized by a
strong family structure, deep religious ties, interest in the arts
and humanities, a rather conservative political outlook, an
ethnic pride, a love for sports and a strong sense of cultural
identity. In recotnmendLng the President's and members of the
First Family's appearances before the Spanish Speaking commun-
ities, these factors v.-ere taken into consideration. In addition,
what has been identified as the four key states in the forthcoming
election. New York, California, Texas and Illinois were given top
priority for their proposed visits.
Attachment "A" illustrates proposed visits to the four states by
the President and proposed Oval Office meetings and/or White
House activities. The State visits are programined on a monthly
basis through Xoveoiber.
It is strongly recomm.ended that anytime the President is involved
with a Spanish speaking activity, he include in his entourage and/or
meeting, one or two of his Spanish speaking appointees. Attachment
"B" lists theni by name, title, department, grade, date appointed
and political affiliation. It would, of course, be most appropriate
that v/'r.en he goes to a specific city, an appointee froai that
8642
California
The pi-oposal La California suggests four activities in four key
counties.
1. April: Announcement from Western WTiite House of $3 million
grant from Bi-lingual/Bi-cultural U. S. O. E. funds for a
Spanish version of Sesam.e Street. Participates would include
the U.S. Commissioner of Education; Director of the project
and Board of Directors of the project which is comprised of
a number of well-known 55 entertainers; i. e. , Vicki Carr,
Anthony Quinn, Ricardo Montalban, etc. ' -
2. May 5: Cinco de Mayo drop-in on the festivities
in San Diego. This is one of the two big holidays for the
Mexican American community. It is our understanding that the
Mexican American comnnunity in San Diego has one of the
biggest celebrations of its kind.
3. August: Participate in a $100 fund-raising black tie dinner at
the Century Plaza Hotel sponsored by the National Hispanic
Finance Committee of the Citizens Committee for the Re- Election
of the President. It would be the first of its kind in the SS com-
munity and it's anticipated they would have a turnout of 1, 000 plus.
4. September: Golf with Lee Trevino, Bob Hope and David
Eisenhower in Palm Springs or the Los Angeles Country Club.
Trevino is the biggest sports hero in the Mexican Amterican
comnnunity and is highly respected and idolized. He is presently
serving on the President's Commission on Physical Fitness and
Sports.
Illinois
One visit to the Latin community in Chicago is proposed for Illinois .
The second biggest holiday in the Mexicr.n Ainerican community is
Diez y seis de Septiembrc (loth of Septemaer), Chicago reportedly
has one of the biggest celebrations in honor of this dav.
8643
New York
A Drop- In to an economic development prograna of the Puerto Rican
Forum is recommended where they would have a number of people
working. This is the largest and oldest of the national Puerto Rican
organizations and v/here Louis Nunez, the nev/ly appointed deputy
staff director of the U. S. Civil Rights Commission v/as executive
director. They receive federal funding of about $750,000 fronn the
Administration for their programs.
Texas
Two visits to the Texas Mexican American comnaunity is being
recommended. They are as follows:
1. League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) National
Convention in Beaumont on June 29. This is the oldest and
largest of the three national Mexican American organizations.
They are considered a moderate, conservative group. We
have been working very closely with this group during the past
year or more.
2. October: Church Drop-In Corpus Christi. The Holy Family
Church is the largest Catholic church in the city. Activities
here are covered state-wide by the news media.
White House and other Washington, P. C. Events
Five activities are suggested that are Washington-based which should
generate considerable political impact ixi the Spanish speaking
community. They are as follows:
April: Brown caucus nneeting of Republican Congressm.en with large
Spanish spsaking constituencies to discuss Administration's accom-
plishments in the 55 arena. Fact Sheet on accomplishnrLents is now
nearly completed for public consumption and could be used effectively.
May: Oval Office meetir.s; with Admira.l Horacio Rivero, the highest
ranking person of Spanish Speaking descent, who is retiring from
NATO. He is a Puerto Rican.
8644
June: Oval Office meeting \vith Spanish Speaking Presidential and
supergrade appointees. We currently have 29 but by June we could
have 40. This would be the first time the appointees would be
presented as a group and is tangible evidence of the President's
conrunitment to hire more nninorities to high-level policy making
positions. This could be inter-changed and/or substituted with
the meeting of the Brov/n Caucus in April.
July: Oval Office meeting with the presidents and/or Executive
Com.nriittees of the leading national Spanish Speaking organizations;
Aspira of America, Puerto Rican Forum, NEDA, LULAC, GI
Forum, and Public and Private Accounting Association of Cubans
in Exile to express the President's continuing commitment and
concern for the country's 12 nnillion Spanish Speaking.
September: Ceremony at Arlington Cemetery recognizing the
contributions of the Mexican Americans in the armed services.
They have one of the highest number of Medal of Honor winners
among the minorities. The American GI Forum, the only national
Mexican American veteran's organization would participate.
Attachment "C" shows visits by nnembers of the First Family to
the four key states. Again, it is strongly recommended that one
or two of the Spanish speaking appointees accon^pany a member
of the First Fannily on any of these visits.
California
Five visits to the Mexican American community in California is
suggested. Mrs. Nixon should participate in at least one with the
girls dividing the other four events.
1. May: Drop-In to a Bi-lingual Education Program in Orange
County where we have a large Mexican Am.erican community.
Cities to consider include Santa Ana, Anaheim and Garden
Grove.
2. July: The VA Outpatient Hospital in 3?n Diego was recently
dedicated which has ^^"o Spanish Speaking patients and
has a very large percentage of SS employees. A Drop- In is
proposed with VA Administrator Donald Johnson.
8645
3. September: Drop-In on festivities celebrating Diez y seis
de Septiembre in world-famous Olivera Street in downtown
Los Angeles.
4. October: Drop- In on Drug Abuse Center in Fresno. With
Administration's thrust to curb the drug problem which is
prevalent in the SS community, a visit to a local federally
funded program would provide sonne focus on the issue.
5. November: Drop-In in the East Los Angeles area where
a high concentration of Mexican Americans live and is the
locale where Romana Banuelos was Chairman of the
Pan American Bank.
Illinois
Two visits are reconnmended in niinois, one in the Puerto Rican
comjnunity and the other in the Mexican American community.
1. September: Drop-In on a Bi-lingual Education Program in
Chicago in a predominently Mexican American school.
2. October: OMBE has funded a couple of SS organizations in
Chicago and a Drop-In on one of their economic development
projects would be advised. The NLxon Administration has made
substantial gains in this area and we need to continually
publicize it.
New York
Three visits by members of the First Family to New York for
the Spanish Speaking is recommended.
1. June: Drop- In on a predominently Puerto Rican elementary
scliool in ManJiattan. Emphasize importance of education and
cultural neritage to the school children.
8646
2. October: Participate in a ribbon- cutting ceremony of a
Puerto Rican economic development program under the
sponsorship of OMBE. At least two Puerto Rican organ-
izations in the city are presently bein^ funded by this
Administration.
3. November: Church Drop-In to a large Puerto Rican Catholic
Church in the Bronx.
Texas
Four visits to Texas are being recommended and are as follows:
1. May: Participate in the Cinco de Mayo festivities in
San Antonio. The city has a very large Mexican American
population and we have several appointees from this community.
2. June: Participate in the VA Outpatient Hospital Dedication
Ceremonies in Corpus Christi with Administrator Donald
Johnson. This also has a large number of Mexican American
patients.
3. September: Attend church services in Sacred Heart Catholic
church in El Paso. This is Ambassador Raymond Telles'
hometown where he formerly served as inayor.
4. November: Drop-In on a Bi-lingual education program in
San Antonio.
cc: Tony Rodriguez
Carlos Conde
Henry Ramirez
w-rTfex Armendariz
5647
CDi^/i.iNlt>^
Number of
Slate Appearances
April
June
O.Ufornia
(4)
Sesame Street Cinco de
announcement Mayo
Illinois
(1)
New York
(I)
Texas
(2)
LULAC
National
Convention
The White
House
(5)
Brown caucus
nneeting
Admiral
Horacio
Rivero of
NATO
Meeting with
Spanish
speaking
appointees
'?$
r L 'i
<^^{
8648
1 Si^i::.^\i<.ilNU AUiiYiiihJti
July
Augu3t Sept.
$100 dinner
Oct.
Golf with
Lee Trevino
Ntv.
Diez y seis
de Septiembre
Econon^ic
Development
Project
Church
Drop- In
Presidents
of national
Spanish
speaking
organizations
Arlington
Cemetery
with GI
Forum
8649
TAB F
ORGANIZING THE FIELD CAMPAIGN EFFORT
Alex AxTTiendariz will submit a detailed schedule for bringing on his
headquarters staff by April 15. He will also at that time submit goals
for "on board" dates of the state and county Spanish speaking chairmen.
These appointments, of course, will be made by the State Campaign
Directors. Attached is a tentative schedule for bringing on State
and County Chairmen.
8650
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
March 31, 1972
ALEX ARMENDARIZl^
LARRY GOLDBERG
PAUL JONES
KEN RIETZ
DAN TODD
CLAYTON YEUTTER
FRANK NAYLOJ2. . ^ ,
FRED MKl.Y.1^^////
/ r- <
Target Dates for State Selections
In. our meeting this inorning we discussed May IBth as the target date
for naming State Chairmen and State Comn:iittecs. We also discussed
the need to rriotivate the State Nixon Chairmen to move ahead toward
these dates.
One problem we did not foresee is that nnany State Nixon Chairmen v/ill
be extremely busy at this point getting their organizations underway and
in some cases preparing for primaries. Therefore, to ease the load
for them and to best use our time, we need to set priorities. Accord-
ingly, I would appreciate your analyzing the States and sending to me
a list of States where it is essential to have State Chairmen by May I5th,
where we can wait until June 15tii, and v/here we do not need them at all.
For exannple, it is probably not innportant to have a Spanish-Speaking
Chairm.an in Oregon until June 15th, and we may not even need one in
Rhode Island.
For general guidance you should probably plan on selecting the Chairmen
in 20 - 25 of the States that are niost important to you by May 15th. I
would appreciate having your inputs dividing the States into the three
categories mentioned above by COB Tuesday, April 4th. We will then
use this information to com.municate with the State Nixon Chairmen on
the target dates desired.
8651
ITTEC FOR THL Rf-tlLECTION OF THE PRESIDCtJT
April 6, 1972
KFj;oii.'\:;DUM for the Ho:;ojJir;LE nicDFRicic il\le;c
SUKJKCT: TARGET DATES FOR STATE SELECTIOIJS
Per telepb.ona convorsaLion with Alex I have the followin<j information
oil the above natter:
A- STATE CHAIRME-: BY MAY 15th c. STATE CH/qK-!!": ;:0T J;EEDJ^
Louasiaaa
Massachusset ts
Virginia
Utah
Oreijon
Georgia
Nevada
llorth Carolina
Idaho
District of ColuLibia
Alaba::ia
South Carolina
UIlLOltl. Arkansas
Mississippi
Rhode Island
Delav;are
Vest Virginia
Maine
South Dakota
Nev I!a;u,jhire
Vcrnoat
North L'.-ikota
California
Texas
New York
Florida
Kev.' Mexico
Illinois
Arizona
Colorado
K2V/ Jcro,y
Kichigaa
Pennsylvai.i.
STATE CHAi::;
Ohio
Connecticut
Ka?hington
Indiana
Maryland
Kan.-aa
Wii^coasiu
Mibjouri
Oklaho-a
Havaii
Min — jota
Nebraska
V;yo:-,i:'.g
Iowa
O - 74 - pt. 19-5
8652
CAPITALIZING ON THE INCUMBENCY
Substantial assistance to the Spanish speaking campaign can be provided
through use of the control of the Executive Branch. Through this control,
we can fill in any gaps in the President's record and generate favorable
publicity for the campaign persuation effort. In addition, a number of
Spanish speaking programs are sources of political information.
.Bill Marumoto is responsible for submitting a plan to capitalize on the
incumbency by May 1. The elements of this plan will be directed to
achieving the following end results.
(1) To develop specific ideas for using grants, personnel appointments
and programs to fill out any gaps in the President's record, e.g.,
appoint a Mexican American to a regulatory commission.
<2) To set up organizational procedures and contacts with the appro-
priate White House Staff mennbers and the Executive Branch for
accomplishing the above steps,
(3) To provide the campaign team with up to date information on all
programs directed at the Spanish speaking community.
'*-
(4) To use the Departments and Agencies public information offices
to publicize favorable .Administration activities in behalf of the
Spanish speaking.
(5) To ensure that those Federally subsidized programs which serve
as havens for opposition political operatives are closely supervised
so that they are devoting all their energies toward solving the
problenns of the Spanish speaking poor (particularly in September
and October).
8653
OBTAINING PUBLICITY FOR THE PRESIDENT
The goal of this program is to generate high intensity publicity for
the President in key areas and toward our target vote. Carlos Conde
has developed a preliminary plan for achieving this goal (See attach-
ment). This plan, developed before the other elements of the Cannpaign
plan, can now be updated.
This update is due April 25 and it will contain action steps required to:
(a) Develop a Spanish speaking nnedia list.
(b) Develop friendly contacts in the Spanish speaking media.
(c) Generate regular publicity mailings,
(d) Generate basic speech material geared to the target vote
which can be used by the surrogate's speech writers.
(e) Establish procedures for working with the Departments and
Agencies to capitalize on their publicity resources.
This publicity effort will be national in scope and be designed to publicize
the President's record. The state campaign organizations will be
responsible for obtaining publicity within their states for Spanish
speaking campaign activities.
8654
ADVERTISING THE PRESIDENT'S RECORD
We feel at this time that the Spanish speaking vote can be influenced by
an advertising effort targeted specifically toward this voting group.
The effort will be conducted through TV and radio, posters, handouts,
and direct mail pieces in the key states and counties. The November
group is responsible for developing the TV and radio campaigns as
well as designing and producing graphics.
A test of the effectiveness of advertising is proposed for the California
primary. This test is designed to measure the extent to which the
Spanish speaking vote can be moved in both the middle class and in urban
poor class. It will be professionally monitored and the results when
combined with the survey of the Spanish speaking (Tab A) will be used
to develop the advertising campaign recommendations for the general
election. This plan should be ready by July 1 to 15.
The November Group will produce by May 1 an initial brochure detailing
the President's record. This will be used in the California primary
and as a handout for use with the petition project. Further graphic
recommendations designed for use in the general election should be
completed by July I. These recommendations will draw on the President'
record, publicity events and the results of the survey (Tab A).
8655
SCHEDULING SURROGATES
Skilled speakers are one of the most effective methods of taking to
the Spanish speaking community the President's record and interest
in the community's welfare.
The speakers will be selected from the Cabinet and Sub-Cabinet,
Spanish speaking celebrities for the President and Spanish speaking
appointees based on the criteria of effectiveness as spokesmen to the
Spanish speaking.
Tony Rodriquez will have the responsibility of:
(1) Developing a list of effective speakers
(2) Developing a calendar of high potential speaking opportunities
which are in tune with the campaign strategy. This calendar
will be cleared with 1701 and the appropriate state Nixon Campaig:
Director.
(3) Seeing that speech material and talking points are developed.
(4) Recommending speakers and events to the Speakers Bureau
at 1701 for final scheduling and sign off. .
The preliminary list of speakers and potential speaking dates should
be completed by May 1.
8656
ENDORSEMENTS OF THE PRESIDENT
An effort will be made to obtain the endorsement of the President
by prominent Spanish speaking personalities, entertainment celebrities,
professional athlets and any others who have the respect of the
comnrxunity.
Its purpose is to generate publicity for the President and to break
down Spanish speaking reluctance to vote for the President by present-
ing them with leadership examples of Presidential support. ■ •.
Bill Marumoto will be responsible for administering the program.
The major action steps are as follows:
(1) Develop list of potential endorsers who would help the President
politically by their endorsement. Completion Date: May 1.
(Z) Prioritize the name list in order of importance and probable
success in obtaining the endorsennent. Completion Date: May 5.
(3) Game plan the approach to each potential endorsor, i.e., the
best argument to persuade the endorser, the proper person to
make the approach, etc. Completion Date: June 1.
(4) Assign responsibility for obtaining endorsements. Completion
Date: June 5.
(5) Obtain endorsennents. Completion Date: July 15.
(6) Schedule publicity announcennents. Completion Date: August 1
8657
OBTAINING SUPPORT OF INDEPENDEiNT SPANISH
SPEAKING POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
An effort will be made to obtain the support of i ndependent Spanish
speaking political organizations. The goal of this effort is not to
obtain public endorsement of the President but to nnaterialize them by-
keeping them from supporting the Democrats.
The key to success of this effort is discretion. The liaison effort
should not be officially connected with the White House, Campaign. ,
or Cabinet Committee Staffs.
Alex Armendariz will be- responsible for setting up and nnanaging this
effort. The major action steps to be taken are as follows:
(1) Develop a prioritized list of organizations - completion
date - April 20.
(2) Game plan the approach to each group. This plan will include
thinking through what assistance can be extended to each group,
who should make the approach; and when this approach should
be made. Completion date - June 1.
(3) Approach the groups with the hope of reaching accommodation
with them shortly after the convention.
Absolute monitoring of this acti\ity is a must and all approaches must
be approved by Alex Armendariz.
8658
DEVELOPING FRATERNAL AND OTHER GROUP SUPPORT
Support frOiTi respected non-political Spaiiish speaking organizations
can enhance the President's image with the Spanish speaking voters.
The key to obtaining this support is to gain the support of key organi-
zation leaders who in turn can influence the organizations' membership.
Henry Ramirez, Chairman of the Cabinet Committee will manage this
effort. He must maintain close contact with State Re-election Chairmen
through Alex Armendariz. The major action steps involved are as
follows: " .
(1) List those organizations to be solicited in order of priority.
Completion Date - May 1.
(2) Game plan the approach to each, e.g. , who approaches, with what
message, when. Completion Date - June 1.
(3) Make approach assignments and follow up to see that support
is obtained. Completion Date - September 1.
8659
OBTAINING ONE MILLION SIGNATURES ENDORSING
THE PRESIDENT'S RECORD
A petition project to obtain a million signatures from Spanish speaking
people endorsing the President's record will show nationwide enthusiasm
annong the Spanish speaking population. This activity will serve four
basic purposes:
(1) To generate many voter contacts and gain positive identification
of each signer with the President.
(Z) To obtain favorable publicity of the President's record at both
the local and national levels.
(3) To provide local Spanish speaking Nixon organizations with an
activity that will test reliability and provide positive production.
(4) To provide a vehicle for recruiting Spanish speaking workers
for the local action programs such as the telephone project,
literature distribution, etc.
The program effort is exciting because of sheer numbers and yet, based
on current Spanish speaking concentrations, it is attainable. This
project will have a pyramid effect by requesting petition signers to carry
their own petitions. By the positi\'e act of signing his nanie to the
petition and by asking others to do so, the Spanish speaking voter will
develop a strong sense of commitment to work toward the re-election
of the President. Finally, brochures setting out the President's record
can be distributed as petition signatures arc obtained.
The local organizations can realistically involve "support groups" at
coniniunity, county and slate levels. The petitions atfirming support
of President Nixon will be dihiributed through all local Spanish speaking;
support groups identified in that area.
8660
Alex Armendariz will liave overall responsibility for management
of this effort. The niajor action steps required to implement the
program are as follows:
(1) Prepare the petitions and see that a good graphic handout is
prepared. Completion Date: May 1.
(2) Develop a distribution and activity plan as well as implementation
instructions to the state and county Spanish speaking Chairmen.
Completion Date: June 1.
(3) Distribute material and follow up to see that the progrann is
proceeding according to plan.
The one million signatures are to be obtained by October 1.
8661
CAPITALIZING ON THE NATIONAL CONVENTION
One of the most important aspects of the National Convention will be
Nixon support by various ethnic groups. This should include, of course,
strong Spanish speaking support by Spanish speaking delegates. Thus,
emphasis should beplacedon encouraging party leaders to include
Spanish speaking delegates, alternates, and participants to the National
Convention. We must also encourage delegation leaders to assign
Spanish speaking individuals to serve on the various key convention
committees. -,'•■.
This is an important project for several reasons, but the rnost important
reason is that the press will be looking for opportunities to describe our
convention as unrepresentative of ininorities. A caucus of Spanish
speaking delegates and alternates at San Diego would be our best
opportunity to get national "minority" publicity through an articulate
Spanish speaking spokesman. A well publicized Spanish speaking caucus
articulating strong support from Spanish speaking delegates will draw
miuch attention from the press. It is also recommended that a convention
committee report be given by a Spanish speaking delegate or con\-ention
participant before the convention, praising the President for his
Spanish speaking accom.plishments.
Special news conferences could be called to express Spanish support
for the President. Co\erage by the general press would be sought
of course; but primary emphasis would be directed at getting pictures,
news, in the Spanish speaking niedia.
The ultimate and nnost important action at the convention would be
another Nixon first, - a seconding speech by an articulate Spanish
speaking leader (Phil Sanchez.) callina for the re-election of the President.
This message will be tele\i5ed nationally, thus aiiording a major oppor-
tunity for a high impact n-iessage.
8662
In short, the convention can be used to demonstrate strong Spanish
speaking involvennent in the cainpaign, and can be made the kick-
off of our effort to swing important votes to the President. Alex
Armendariz will be responsible for taking the following action
steps necessary to get this program underway.
(1) Contact party leaders. Encourage Spanish speaking participation.
Completed by May 15.
(2) Prepare detailed plan for convention events - Spanish speaking
caucus, Spanish speaking reception. Completed by July 15.
(3) Investigate the possibility of seconding speech. Completed
by June 1. (If approved, have speech prepared by August 1. )
(4) Prepare convention committee report for the platform committee.
Completed by June 1.
8663
USING THE TELEPHONE TO REACH THE
SPANISH SPEAKING VOTER
A special telephone effort directed toward Spanish sur-named
individuals will be integrated into the telephone operation in the
California primary. ^^ c f^^^i--^^ ' >i M
This effort will be manned by bilingual callers and will otherwise
follow the same procedures used by the regular operation5ivIf
the effort is successful, a Spanish speaking telephone operation
will be recommended for use in the general election in key states
and key counties. _
Alex Armendariz will work with Bob Marik^to develop the California
modifications of the regular telephone operation and evaluate results.
8664
USING DIRECT MAIL TO REACH THE
SPANISH SPEAKING VOTER
Direct mail designed for the Spanish speaking voter will be
tested in the California Primaryi^^This effort will be implemented
as part of Bob Morgan's direct mail operation and will use literature
especially developed for the Spanish speaking. If it is successful, a
direct mail effort will be recommended for the general cannpaign
for the key states and key counties.
Alex Armendariz will work with Bob Marik and Bob Morgan in
developing the mailing pieces and in analyzing test results in the
primary.
(S
5it h/'P'--'"-^ ^
8665
V APPENDIX
Appendix /j. Population Data By County-
Appendix B Census Bureau Spanish Speaking Data
Appendix C The Campaign Organization
■Appendix D White House Spanish Speaking Constituent
Task Force
Appendix E The Citizens Corrunittee
Appendix F Los Angeles County Issue Survey - October 1971
Appendix G State of California Issue Survey - July 1970
Appendix H The Cabinet Committee
Appendix I Federal Government and Spanish Speaking Community-
Appendix J Hispanic Fund Raising
Appendix K Telephone Project
Appendix L Spanish Speaking Appointments
Appendix M The President's Sixteen Point Program
Appendix N The California Test Plan
8666
FIFTY-EIGHT PERCENT (58%) OF THE SPANISH SPEAKING
LIVE IN FORTY-FOUR f44) COUNTIES
California
Los Angeler
1,289,
311
Santa Clara
186,
525
San Diego
174,
209
Orange
160,
168
Alameda
135,
029
San Bernardino
109,
262
Fresno
104,
177
San Francisco
101,
,901
Riverside
79,
,62 1
Ventura
73,
,684
San Mateo
63.
,039
Sacramento
58,
082
San Joaquin
52,
,280
Tulare
49,
296
Santa Barbara
45,
856
Imperial
34,
260
Stanislaus
24,
569
2.741,
269
or
79%
Bronx
407,322
King
392.575
New York
3 12,722
Queens
153,69 1
Suffolk
40,849
Nassau
36,503
Westchester
25.506
1,369, 168
or
94%
New Jersey
Hudson
Essex
Passaic
Union
Bergen
Middlesex
78. 3%
tsexar
El Paso
Harris
Hidalgo
Cameron
Nueces
Dallas
Webb
Travis
TarraUt
376,027
204,349
185.7 15
143.611
107,000
a03, 543
88,652
62, 380
43.899
42. 9oO
1,359. 136
or
64%
Cook
New Mexico
Bernadillo
Dona Ana
Santa Fe
286,882
or
123.
8 14
35,
439
34,
883
194.
136
or
43%
8667
APPENDIX C
DRAFT
THE CAMPAIGN ORGANI2,ATlON
ORGANIZATION
A vital part of the campaign will be an effective field organization in
critical Spanish-Speaking areas. The careful selection of high caliber
field personnel is necessary to assure regular communications with
Headquarters rTsubstantivc progress and rapport v.'ith local Nixon and GOP
organization. They must have a Spanish-Speaking backround, political experic
and knowledge of the area and people. Emphasis will of course be placed
ia the key counties and key states.
Spanish- Speaking State Chairmen will first be selected, in key electoral
states with a high concentration of Spanish- Speaking "voters. This person
will be a volunteer with high visibility. This person uill be selected by or
at least approved by the State Nixon Chairman. His prime responsibility
will be to coordinate the activities of the county Spanish-. Speaking Chairmen,
vho will also be seleeta4 or at legist appmved by the County Nixon Chairman.
The selection of State and County Spanish-^Speaklng Chairmen will be done
carefully to insure that these individuals are representative of the
Spanish- Speaking voters v.'C arc trying to reach.
He must agree with the basic strategy and approach we are u^ing in the
campaign.
STATE CHAIV'::rN
Pri;.e rcjpc::--bili:ic3 icv ;;hc T; -:;i<-.:i-Speaki^S State Chaivv-cn ara as
follows:
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19-6
8668
1. Follow guidelines described in Spanish- Speaking State Chaima
manual. (To be developed in accordance with overall State Nix
victory plan.)
2. Insure distribution of materials to target areas designated
by the campaign plan.
■• 3. Advance work for 1701. Visible evidence of Spanish-
language support, thus crowd development at rallies, etc.
A- Responsible for county adherence to time table.
5. Implimentation of special programs.
COUNTY CHAIR>'AN
1. Follow guidelines described in Spanish^^peaking County Chaircian
manual. (To be developed in accordance with overall County
Nixon victory plan)
2. Insure distribution of materials in county to target areas
designated by campaign plan. '
3. Advance vork'foyyHeadquartcrs. Visible evidence of Spanish-
Speaking, support in the county, crowd development at meetings, etc.
A. Preparation and accunulation of voter lists.
"• ' rrt;r
5. Implementation of special programs.
/X. The primary objective of the Spanish- Speaking field organization
is to direct 3".d cc.-iVui-.-.atc the Sv-nirh- Speaking Conpai;7,:i.
8669
B. The sofistication of the Spanish-Speaking county organization v/ill
vary so much that the Spanish- Speaking county chairmen's manual roust
be designed in such a v;ay that it only calls for certain critical areas
of responsibility to be covered.
8670
8671
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8672
I/Ul CO:-C-IITTEE - SP/xNISH-SPE.\?;i:.'G OFFICE
This office will essentially function as the "nerve center" of the Spanish-
Speaking national campaign. All Spanish-Speaking campaign activities will
be initiated fron this office. The office will serve as an information
gathering center, v;here suggestions and criticisms will be received (and
noted) fron the field organization and the public, and where all information
regarding the Spanish-Speaking campaign activities — can be obtained. Prime
responsibility of the staff members will be to service our field operations.
Since the budget does not allow many paid staff memebers, a reliable volunteer
staff will be assen-.bled. The SpanishSpeaking director will be responsible
for supervising the staff and keep constant communication with both field
operations and campaign management. The staff will be composedjof .(Mexican,
Puerto Rican, Cuban) who are conversant in Spanish. The field men will be
working cloely with the Nixon state leadership to insure coordination.
8673
STAFF
DESCRIPTION FLUENT IN' SP.\-\ISH START PER AXNTM S.
1. Director - Field Operations X * 5-1 18,000
Will be responsible for nation-wide front for adherence to time table
In the field. Will insure priorities are recognized and followed. V/ill
also serve as special assistant to Spanish-Speaking director.
Program - All prograns
Area - All state field operation
Area - Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, District of Coli.
2. Fieldman - Mexican-American X 4-6 15,000
Will operate primarily out of California where he will spend at least 75%
of his time depending on how the campaign is progressing.
Program - Field Operations
Area - California, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Arizona, Montana, Wyomir
I. Fieldman - Mexican-American X 5-1 15,000
Will operate primarily out of Texas where he will spend at least 60% of
his time depending on how the campaign is progressing.
Program - Field Operations
Area - Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma,
Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas
8674
DESCRIPTION FLUEiNT IN SPA2-IISH START PER AI^•^fU!■l SAI
4. Fleldman - Puerto Rican X ' 5-1 15,000
Will operate primarily out of New York where he will spend at least 60% of
his time depending on how the campaign is progressing.
Program - Field Operations
Area - New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachussetts, Connecticut,
Rhode Island, >'aryland, V'est Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina,
Kentucky, Florida.
5. Secretary for Director X 3-1 9,500
Assist Spanish-Speaking Director
6. Secretary Field Operations X 4-6 8,500
Central source of information of all field operations. Handle cominunications,
records and coordination from 1701.
7. Assistant Secretary 4-6 8,000
Special project coordinator
ACTION PLAN
RESPONSIBILITY:
STRATEGY : Staff should be Spanish-Speaking and representative of Spanish-
Speaking major groups. Careful selection to insure coEsitment.
A nininum of four (4) field nen to insure adherence to time table
ACTION STEPS: Select staff
8675
WHITE HOUSE SPANISH SPEAKING
CONSTITUENT GROUP TASK FORCE
The White House Spanish Speaking Constituent Group Task Force
headed by William H. Marumoto is a four man group comprised
of A. F. (Tony) Rodriguez, Deputy to Marumoto; Carlos Conde,
Assistant to Herb Klein, Director of Com.municaticns for the
Executive Branch; Henry M, Ramirez, Chairman of the Cabinet
Committee on Opportunity for the Spanish Speaking Division
of the Citizens Com.mittee for the Re-Election of the President.
The thrust of this group is to plan, develop, coordinate, and
implement the Administration's efforts and accomplishments in
the Spanish Speaking arena. This includes communications,
speakers bureau, organizational liaison. President' s l6-Point
Programi, Cabinet Committee, federal programs, and recruiting
for high-level positions for the Executive Branch.
The attached chart illustrates the area of responsibilities.
8676
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8677
A Kation;:icIc col-^nit tec conpoccd of \.'cll known public officials and celebrities
should be formed. The National Spanish-Speaking Citizens for the Committee '
would serve as the "testimonial" committee to speak in support of the President
and to help to publisizc Spanish-Speaking support through appearances in the
key areas. Search for Spanish-Speaking personalities vith high visibility
buslnessr.an and community leaders to serve on the Nixon Spanish-Speaking
campaign co-u-aittce V7ith an enphasis on finding individuals that can articulate
their support of theConinittee - ^^ ^^ effective mannor. The Spanish- Speaking .
Citizens for the President Conunittce v;ill be called upon to help in the ,
campaign effort to reach all Spanish-groups in key areas. . This cozziaittee v/illJ
necessarily operate out front-in the public eye. . . " ,
The Coninittee chairmen and members must be carefully chosen both for their
dedication to the President and acceptance to the Spanish-Speaking gfoup v/ith
whoa they vill share this loyalty. . * j
Obviously, such"~a committee will be fairly large and brcrsdly based in order to,
provide representation at" the leadership level for all Spanish- Speaking centers
of influence in the country. Since the campaign effort will be nation-uide,
stgte committees and coupty committees will be developed, therefore, chairmen and.
aembers will be chosen to serve the Committee nationally, state and county,
depending on where the visible support of person will do some good.
ACTION PLAN
STRATEGY : Out front group can serve as public committee. Regionalize-
recmphasizing different groups in different areas with sone listed
in all areas. Chairmen of Co-chairmen can serve as public spokesmen
for the campaign.
^CTIO^' STF.PS: 1. Develop list of Chairman of Co-chairmen nominees
2. Buvcic? ?r^ir-c::.v. 1^ : lor c; irtcos
3. Prepare public ar.ncur.ccr.iont plan.
8678
APPEis^DIX F
MEXICAN AMERICAN ANALYSIS OF SURVEY TAKEN IN ORANGE
AND LOS ANGELES COUNTIES - OCTOBER 1971
Purpose: To identify and analyze prevailing attitudes of three
minotiry groups toward politics generally, and toward
the two major parties specifically. This summary
concentrates on the Mexican-Americans.
Group Sample: Californians who identify themselves as voters or
potential voters.
(* indicater reliability of at least 95%)
Salient facts about the Mexican American voters, as identified by the
Report:
(1) Youth make up a larger share of Mexican American
voters than in the case of other ethnic groups:
18-24 year olds as % Total Population Black Mexican American
of total voters: 12.7% 16.1% 27.1%
(2) Educational level is poorest among Mexican Annericans:
Total Black Mexican American
Only grade school or less: 6% 11% 25%
College graduate: 21% 9% 5%
* (3) The overwhelming majority considers themselves
moderates: Do you consider yourself a member
of the silent inajority?
Yes: Whites Blacks Mexican American
72.STo 55.7% 75.9%
8679
(4) The importance given by Mexican American voters to th
various national problems (v/ar, race relation, econoni;.
etc. ) do not significantly differ from the results obtainec
by polls of all segments of the population. Their concer
are similar, with a slight more emphasis on unemployni
other economic issues, the war, and race conflicts.
(5) The following results give an indication of the strength
(weakness? ) of the Republican Party among Mexican
American voters.
(a) Party Affiliation
Republican 10. 9%
Democrat 83. 6%
Independent 5. 5%
(b) How do you usually vote?
Straight Democrat 21.4%
Mostly Democrat 26.8%
More Democrat than Republican 14. 3%
Equal 25. 0%
More Republican than Democrat 7. 1%
Mostly or Straight Republican 0
* (c) Did you vote in 1968? Yes 72. 7%
For whom?
Nixon 30. %
Humphrey 67.%
Wallace 0
* (d) Which party will keep the country prosperous?
Democrats 78. 2%
Republicans 10. 9%
No answer/don't know 10.9%
8680
(e)
Image of the Republican Party
No opinion
Negative
Conservative
Rich People's Party
Big business
Depression
Positive
Neutral
20. 0%
22. 0%
8.0%
Ne
16. 0%
5
6.0%
6.0%
5.0%
17. 0%
Only 13% indicated a very negative attitude about the Democratic Party.
These attitudes are consistent through most age brackets.
8681
APPENDIX
MEXICAN AMERICAN ANALYSIS OF SURVEY TAKEN IN CALIFORNIA
STATE WIDE - JULY 1970
Purpose: To identify the attitudes of the Mexican American
connmunity and suggest campaign/governmental
policy approaches.
Group sample: Civil leaders, moderates, and radicals fronn the
Mexican American comnnunity in southern California.
I. Governmental Issues: , -.^
Issue 1; Quality of Education: identified as the main concern
(corollates with the low degree of education identified
by the Report)
Suggested policies:
(a) Bi-linqual education to provide outlet for cultural
pride, end the disadvantage of the language gap - which
leads to early dropout, and speed adjustnnent to the
English language.
(b) Equalj^^ntio: of expenditures among the school districts.
(c) Local control to provide for ethnic self-determination.
(d) No bussing - bussing is seen as fiscally wasteful and
not the answer. Instead, the quality of school personnel
in the "deprived" districts should be up-lifted.
Issue 2: Higher Education - of lesser concern because so few
Mexican Americans get this far. In general, there
is a preference for smaller community colleges,
where community has a greater voice, the disadvantaged
student has a better chance to compete, and college
activities can be channeled to meet connmunity needs.
Issue 3; Community/Police Relations - conflict is threatening to
beconne violent due to (a) actual police harrassmcnt and
(b) radical play on this issue.
Suggested policies:
(a) Mandatory policy training programs to increase cultural
awareness among law enforcement officers.
8682
(b) E: lornal police review - Police and community
i-'- iCW boards are usually unacceptable to one or
ill.- 'Jther side. An alternative is an autonomous,
hij'.iily visible review board made up of bighly respected
individuals.
(c) Reduction of over-enforcement - Over-pat i-olling results
.in increased possibilities for conflict. A disproportionate
number of Mexican Americans get parking tickets and
the like. Foot patrolling should replace some squad
cars to enhance the human contacts.
(d) Rumor checkpoint center - should be set up to clarify
_ ■ issue, as well as provide information on drugs, consumer
protection, community events, etc.
Issue 4: Youth - currently has little guidance and little to do. It
is suggested that counseling progranns be set up. These
progranas are to be run by young adults from the communil
I
n. Campaign Tactics:
(1) Patron machismo - political leaders are viewed as patron'
or father figures. Machismo implies fight ing for
principle. Political success may well depend on the abilit
of the candidate to fit these two related images.
(2) Americanism - regardless of developing ethnic pride, mai
have a strong sense of Americanisna (DMI report indicates
75% view themselves as members of the silent majority).
Campaign tactics should keep this in mind.
(3) Disillusionment with two party system - Democrats take tl
for granted; Reiiublicans ignore them. A vaccum exists
tkil; coliid be filled by Republicans with ine right approach.
(4) Unrealized promises - the root of disillusionment.
Campaign should stick to promises that can bo visibly
delivered:
. appointments - appointment of Mexican Americans requ
more publicity in tlie community
. publicity and liaison office to publicize efforts
• rcappointmrnt along etiinic lines to give community a sc
of participation
Brown conilnlis-n progran-; should be (U'v-lopen to ine rf
the pariici;;.-ii'.-n oi '.lexiean Artie ric'^,:''.,- i;' li.i-ir i<JC'U v<ot-.
8683
APPENDIX n
;;. Fact Sheet:
The Cabinet Con-.nittcc on Opnortunitles
for Spanish Speaking People
The Cabinet Comaittee on Opportunities for Spanish Speaking People is primarily
a vehicle for carrying out the President's program for Spanish-Speaking Americans
Signed into law on December 30, 1969 by President Nixon, the Committe is to
assure that Federal programs are reaching all Spanish-speaking people, provide
technical assistance and identify new programs which will benefit Spanish-
speaking communities. An independent office in the Executive Branch of the gover
the Cabinet Committee is responsible to Congress through the President. The
eleven members of the Committee include the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce
Health, Education and Welfare, Treasury, Labor, and the Attorney General. The
non-Cabinet members include the Chairman of the Civil Service Commissio, the
Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity, the Administrator of the
Small Business Administration and a Commissioner of the Equal Employment
Opportunities Commission.
The Cabinet Committee staff of 35 has been restructured to reflect all
Spanish-Speaking groups in numbers proportionate to their representation in the
total poluation. At present, there are 13 Mexican-Americans, 7 Puerto Ricans,
3 Cubans and 4 other Spanish-speaking professionals, as well as three blacks
and 6 Anglos. In view of the bipartisan make-up of the Committee, all the
staff, with the exception of the Chairman, is subject to the restrictions of the
Hatch Act.
1
32-818 O - 74 -pt. - 19 - 7
8684
APP ENDIX I
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
AND
THE SPANISH SPEAKING CO^C-^JNITY
The federal government's efforts to reach the Spanish-speaking
group have been complicated by the group's lack of faith in the
government's ability to perceive its needs. The government has
approached this group as a faceless collection of Spanish-speaking
individuals. Although they share a common language and ancestry they
are also characterized by geographic, educational, occupational and
economic dissimilarities. There is little understanding of the exis-
tence of subgroups within the community.
In many parts of the country, Spanish-speaking persons have chal-
lenged the 'federal government to cite a single major victory in the
battle for socio-economic parity for America's Spanish-speaking community.
Those issuing the challenge contend that the federal government mistakenly
sees their community as a homogeneous entity. Urban-dwelling comiaunity
members often feel that the federal establishment looks upon all Spanish-
speaking Americans as migrant workers. Many community spokesmen contend
that anti-poverty programs are too restricted in scope, that programs
developed to serve the needs of black Americans are ineffective when they
are directed to serve seemingly similar needs i.i the Spanish-speaking
community. It is this lack of understanding on the part of the federal
government that contributes to feeling of frustration and failure in the
Spanis'p.-s-.-C'ikir.g cor-iunity .
8685
To correct this situation, the federal government must recognize
that there is simply no typical Spanish-speaking person or family. By
Insisting upon this stereotype, the government inadvertently complicates
the problems of those it seeks to assist. Therefore, the government must
determine the ethnic characteristics, differences, strengths and weak-
nesses of the individuals who comprise the Spanish-speaking community
through an in-depth study. The study must have a multi-purpose approach,
that is, it must account for differences between generations, differences
resulting from geographic location, occupation, economic means, education
and linguistic complexities. It is clear that the views of the urban-
dwelling industrial worker cannot be the same as those of the migrant who
works in the fields. The poor and the non-poor may share a language but
it Is not- likely that they will share a common view of the world around
them.
8686
THE NATIONAL HISPMIC FINANCE C0^C1ITTEE
APPENDIX
The National Hippanic Finance Committee is an organization which has been founded
to raise one million dollars among the Spanish-language Americans to be used
by the Committee to Re-elect the President.
The national effort will be undertaken to raise this considerable contribution
because of the President's established record of more positive programs for
Spanish-speaking /jnericans than all previous Presidents. ., ' ": ,
The Coramittee is made up of Mexican-Americans, Cuban Americans and Puerto Ricans
working together in this goal. The Committee consists of a Board of Trustees,
Board of A.dvisors, State and Area Chairmen selected in cooperation with local and
state Republican finance organizations. It will be based in Los Angeles, Califomic
and Florida, and is operating under the supervision of Mr. Maurice Stans, Chairman
of the Finance Committe for the Re-election of the President. All national officer;
and state leaders of this organization will be cleared by Mr. Stan's office prior
t_o. apgoin_tment. _
8687
COMMITTEE TO RE-ELECT THE PRESIDENT
TELEPHONE CAMPAIGN
(OVERALL PLAN)
THE GOAL;
A massive phone campaign to all Spanish Speaking voters in the state
of locating the voters who support the President and reminding
them of the importance of this election. '"--.
THE PURPOSE:
To show enthusiastic volunteer support for the President. To remind
voters of the importance of this election.
To increase the Nixon voter turnout by stimulating interest and urging
voters who are in favor of the President to vote in this election.
THE PL.\N:
Telephone Centers will be set up in Headquarters throughout the state:
For eleven hours each day, six days each week, between February 7 and
March 7, volunteers will report to their local Headquarters to man the
telephones for the following shifts: 9:00 am to 1pm; 1 pm to 4:30 pm;
4:30 pm to 6:30 pm; 6:30 pm to 9:00 pm. •
All phoners will qualify to speak both Spanish and English. Great effort
will be made to recruit men phoners for all evening shifts. Persons
accustomed to conducting business on the phone will be very effective on
the President's behalf... and should be urged to become involved.
8688
Step 1- Phone Calls to all Spanish Speaking voters
Purpose: To locate voters who favor the President —
so they can ba called in the Get-Out-theVote campaign in
November.
To identify voters who are opposed to the President —
so they can be crossed off the list and any further effort
eliminated.
To locate voters who are undecided — so that we can win their
support for the President by means of a follow-up mailing
(including an issues brochure) and a follow-up phone call.
Step 2- Phone Calls to all "Undec i deds"
Purpose: To locate Undecideds who have now decided to support the
President
Step 3 - Get-Out- the-Vote calls to all voters who favor the President
Purpose: To assure a Nixon victory on November 7th.
8689
COMMITTEE TO RE-ELECT THE PRESIDENT
SUGGESTED CONVERSATION
"Hello, Mrs. Smith? (Pause) This is calling.
I am a volunteer working for the re-election of President Nixon.
In this election, can the President count on your support?"
(If response is fluent English proceed in English.)
FOR: If the voter is for the President, mark card and reply:
"Wonderful.' The President will really appreciate your support.
Thank you and please remember to vote on Nov. 7th. Good-bye."
Mark card "F".
AGAINST ; If voter is against the President, you reply p61itely:
"Thank you very much. Good-bye."
Mark card "A"
UNBECIDED: If the voter is silent, or hesitates, or won't say, you
reply: "Well, perhaps you hav'nt made a decision yet. Could you tell
me if there is one issue that stands out in your mind as the most important
in making your decision?
If voter mentions an issue, mark the card accordingly. In any case, complete
the call saying: "Thank you. We'd like to jnail more information to you
about the President and hope you will decide to join us in voting
for .him on Nov, 7th/ Good bye."
Mark card "U"/
8690
SUGGESTED CONVERSATION IN SPANISH
"Hello, Mrs. Snith?" (pause) This is , ^CALLING.
1 am a volunteer working for the re-election of President Nixon. In
this election, can the President count on your support?"
(If response is in Spanish or heavy Spanish accent, proceed in Spanish)
A FAVOR: Si el que contesta va a votar por el Presidente, marque la
tarjeta y contesta; "Ilagnificol ' El Presidente le va agradecer mucho su
apoyo. Gracias y por favor acuerdese de votar el 7 de i\ow. Adios.."
Marque la trajeta: A Favor. V
EN^ CON'TPvA: Si cl que contesta esta en contra del Presidente, le responde
en buena forma y le dice: "Muchas gracias. Adios."
Marque la tarjeta: En contra.
SIN DECIDIR: Si el que contesta se queda callado o no esta decidido,
contesta asi: "Bueno, a lo nejor no ha decidido tadavia. Puede haber
algun tema que se destaca en su mente el cual pueda ayudarla a tomar
Eu decicion?"
Si la persona nenciona un tena, marquelo en la tarjeta y tennine la
conversacion diciendo: "Muchas gracias, le enviaremos inforraacion sobre
el Presidente y esperamos que se decida avotar con nosotros por el en
Novlembre. Adios."
Marque la tarjeta "Sin decidir" • .
8691
INSTRUCTIONS FOR PHONERS
1. Follow the "Suggested Conversation". It has been carefully thought out
and written to help you get the best results.
2. Never mention the names of other candidates. Check opponent's box on
card ONLY if voter volunteers the information.
3. Never force a response from voters by reading the list of issues aloud.
It is important that the voter is allowed to mention issue(s) of concern
spontaneously.
4. If no answer or the line is busy, mark computer card in appropriate box...
place eard on the "NoAnswer"stack. . . and go to your next call.
5. Never argue. Never try to explain the President's position on complex
issues.
6. Don't let an occasional "sore head" dampen your spirits. Just go on to
the next call. Most voters are friendly... especially when you are.
7. Whatever the voter's response, always end the conversation pleasantly and
politely.
8. Smile... it helps you sound friendly.
8692
BRUARY , ; SHIFT: from to
(date) (day)
one Center Location (City)
ecincts phoned:
[name of Township or Village or City (with ward nura
.er)j
Phoner's nane Home phone
'
Home Address City/State
Zip
Do you speak fluent English? Do you speak fluent Spanish?
Have you phoned on other shifts? Yes Ko
If yes, list.--dates & shift times :__
KEPORT PHON'IN'C RESULTS:
Count nunber of calls you completed during your shift: i
Fill in: " |
# for Mxon * against * undecided j
!
LIST NEGATIVE COMMEN'TS VOTERS I-UDE ABOUT WE PRESIDENT:
LIST POSITIVE CO'CIENTS VOTERS VADE ABOUT TtlE PRESIDENT:
8693
KE ARE ALSO INTERESTED IN YOUR THOUGHTS ABOUT THE TELEPHONE CA-MPMGN:
Do you think the phone calls helped the President? Why?
How did your calls go?
Did you enjoy it?
8694
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8695
— 1 •
"Hello, Mrs. Saiith? This is ^calling.
I an a volunteer vorking to re-elect President N'ixon.
One of our volunteers talked to you a short while ago and I'm calling
to see if the materials we sent you were helpful.
If they received the materials and they were helpful:
"Can the President now count on your vote on Pjir.ap;^ Election Day?"
"Wonderful: We'll see you at the polls on March 7th:
Thank you. Good-bye."
'Thank you very nuch far talking with me. Good-bye.
"Well, we hope you will decide to give hira your support
and we'll see you at the polls on '■■^--;-jr 7th.
Thank you. Good-bye."
If they didn't receive the iTiaterials:
/^;t/
"I am sorry the materials haven't atrived yet, but when they do, we
hope you'll decide to vote for the President on •■'^y> 7th."
Thank you very much for talking with me. Good-bye."
If the materials were not helpful:
"Oh, I'n sorry. BLit I still hope you'll decide to support the President
at the polls en ''f^p^ 7th."
Thank you so much for talking with re. Good-bye."
8696
CO.'e-UTTF.K TO I'K-KI.LCT rilL FKi-blDc.-.T
SUGGESTED coyvEPoAT I o:-: ir. s p .\;; i s n
Lli^l^i^ '\?.-iL_lil^'_r. ' "£"." as indecirr.s
"Hello, Mrs. SnichV Le habla Yo soy una d^ las voLuntarias trabajando
para rc-elegir al Presidenct Ilixon. Una de las voluncar\as! ha'^lo con ustod
hace al;^un tiompo y queriaaos saber si los reatcriales que le enviamos
les fueron untiles.
Si recibieron los materiales v les fueron utiles:
"Puede el Presidente contar con su voto el dia de las alecciones?"
A FAVOR : "I'.agnif ice' Lo vemos el dia de las elecciones. Gracias. Adios."
£:■! COXTRA: "Muchas gracias. Adios."
IliPECIZA: "Cueno. esperascs que decida apoyar al Presidente y lo verenos
el dia de las eloccciones el 7 de i.ovieitbre. Gracias y adios."
Si no ban recibido los maCeri3.1e^: _
!"'Siento que no le hayan llegado los inateriales, pero cuando le lleguen,
espero que se decida a votar por el Presidente Novie-bre 7. Muchas gracias
y adios."
Si los n'.teriales r.o la .-jvudiron:
"Cuanto lo siento, pero espero que se decida a apoyar al Prt-^u'enta
el dia de las elec_cior.es, .N'ovienbre 7. Muchas gracias y adios."
8697
^^ uv^u
PURPOSE: To counteract the apathy and over confidence that often sets
in v.hen voters know that their candidate is "going to v;in anyivay
IiVjIRUCTIONS; 1. Rer.ernber that all the voters on the c-^'^>+r^-r cnid'". hive
indicated on a previous phone call ti".at they are "For"
the President.
2. Follow the "S'jggestcd Conversation" belcw. It has been
carefully thought out and written to help you get the
best results.
3. Do not pause during the opening sentence.
4. Try to get the entire nessage across on each call.
If, right after you've identified yourself as a volunteer
for the President, the voter interrupts by saying:
"I've already been called about the President." or
"I've already said that I'n 'For' Nixon." or
"I know all about the .^reside.nt." etc., you reply:
"I know that you have been called before...
and that you arc in favor of the President.
But, we are calling now to alert you "
(Tnen, without pause, pick up the conversation
where you were interrupted.)
5. For polling place infor.-.ation,
tell voters to call:
TFor TownsJ CFor Cities)
:SUGGESTED C0>rVERSATION'
Friday, >!ar. 3 - Tuesday, Mar. 7
"Hello, Mrs. Saith? I ani a volunteer for President Kixon
calling to offer you assistance in gettiiigtc the polls
elfrtion day.
"As you kncv, a few voters can nake the difference in a
narrow cargin victory which the President really desreves.'
:o to ^o
Good hyel "
" ■ ■ • v
8698
THE WHITE HOUSE
lary 13, 1972
MEiMOR^-vNDUM FOR:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
BOB FIMCH
CHUCK COLSON
FRED 1VLA.LEK
PEN JAMES
DAN KINGSLEY
JOHN CLARKE
STAN ANDERSON
FRANK HERRINGER
t-e^RRY JONES
BARBARA FRANKLY
STAN SCOTT
BILL (MO> >vLA.RUMOTO
Appointments of Spanish Speaki
by the Nixon Administration
During the past three years of the Nixon Administration tv.enty-five
persons of Spanish speaking descent have been appointed to
Presidential and other major executive positions.
The attached list designates the names of the appointees, title.
Department or Ac^ency association, level, the house state and
political affiliation. Some highlights include:
- the first Mexican American Director of the Office of
Economic Opportunity (PAS Level II).
- the first Mexican .American Adn-:ini3tra_tor of Mass
Urban Transportation (Department of Transportation -
PAS Level III).
*- the f-rst Mexican Ajiierican General Counsel of a m.ajor
agency - Office of Economic Opport'.:nity (PAS Level IV).
the first Mexican Ar
roasurer (PAS GS-IS).
the fi
\Vhi^:^:
8699
- the first Mexican American Executive Director of the
President's 16 Point Program for the Spanish Speaking (GS-I5).
- the first Mexican American Administrator of the Small
Busirsss Administration (P.VS Luv.l III).
- the first Mexican Ame rican Assistant Commissioner for
the U.S. Office of Education (GS-lb).
- the first Mexican American Deputy Director of Job Corps -
Department of Labor (GS-17).
- the first Mexican American Director of Compliance of the
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (GS-17).
*- the first Puerto Rican Deputy Staff Director for the U.S.
Commission on Civil Rights (GS-18).
- the first Puerto Rican Deputy General Counsel for Action
(FSR-2).
*- the first Puerto Pucan Special Assistant to the Director of
the United States Information Agency (FSR-1).
-•the first Mexican American on the Director of Communications
staff of The White House (GS-15).
- the first Puerto Rican Deputy Administrator for Minority
Business Enterprise in Small Business Administration (GS-15).
- the first Regional Directors of Spanish Speaking descent for:
• GEO -- Dallas GS-17
• GEO -- New York GS-17
• OEO -- Denver GS-16
• HEW -- San Francisco GS-lo
• Action - Dallas GS-17
• Labor --San Francisco GS-17
• SiiX -- iXev/ York GS-i7
-•SDA-- Los Angeles GS-16
- the first Mexican American U.S. Attorney, Southern District.
8700
Insofar as it can be determined the Johnson Administration had lea:
than £i>: on the super-grade and Presidential levels which included
three ainba ssadors.
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8701
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8704
PRESIDENT NIXON'S SIXTEEN POINT PROGRAII
On November 5, 1970, President Richard M. Nixon announced
a Sixteen Point Program to assist Spanish speaking Americans
who are interested in joining Federal civilian service.
The steps being undertaken ar; as follows:
1 . Appoint full-time official Jj^J^Jie^ Civil Service Commission to
provide advice and assistance on matters relating to the Spanish
surnamed population and to assure full application of the EEO
program in all Federal agencies to this group.
2. An intensified drive to recruit Spanish surnamed persons,
particularly for identified public contact positions, in areas
of heavy Spanish speaking population, including the Southwestern
states and Chicago, Detroit, and New York, as well as certain
other major metropolitan areas.
3. Use specialized recruitment teams, to include Spanish speaking
persons, for college recruitment, particularly at colleges
with heavy Spanish speaking enrollments.
4. Begin work immediately with OEO, HEW, HUD, and Labor Department
to find ways to enliance opportunities at all levels for Spanish
surnamed Americans in programs dealing with the Spanish speaking
population as well as in other programs and in key occupations.
5. Step up_jr£cruj^ent__for_the_Coo£er^at^i Program at
colleges with significant numbers of Spanish speaking students
to permit entry from FSEE registers without necessity of written
examination.
6. Emphasize to Federal agencies availability of selective
placement on bilingual basis so Spanish speaking persons may be
reached for appointment to positions dealing with the Spanish
surnamed population.
7. Hold an EEO conference £f__Fe_deral_manager£ and equal
opportunity officials i£ the Southwest designed to assure
equal opportunity for Spanish speaking persons in employment
and upward mobility in Federal agencies.
8 . Develop plans for Jed_e_rjl_^_>^encies_ under CSC area office
leadership to work with high schools in Spanish speaking areas
to make kno'..rn job opportunities in the Federal Government and
to counsel and to encourage students to stay in school.
8705
9. Hire for suramer emplovment In Federal agencies high school
and college teachers from schools serving Spanish speaking students
to give them uudersCanding of the Federal Government which they
can relate to students.
10 . Make a__spe^iaj^ effort to_ inform Spanish surnamed veterans
of availability of non-competitive appointments for Vietnam
Area Veterans including GS-5 level.
11. Require Federal agencies to review their EEO action plans
and minority employment figures and make any necessary revisions
to assure the full applicability of the plans to the Spanish
surnamed population.
12 . Review with agencies the staffing og EEO program to make
sure that there is understanding In the program of the special
problems of the Spanish speaking.
1 3 . Provide additional training programs o n EEO and personnel
management for Federal managers in areas of Spanish speaking
population.
14. With the Department of Labor, explore the feasibility of
establishing an intergovernmental training facility for upward
mobility and skills training for Federal, state and local careers
In the Southwest, probably in San Antonio.
15 . Collect neces sjLry__'^iL'^^ and broaden ^nal v^s i s of minority
statistics to bring out special information relating to
employment and upward mobility of Spanish surnamed persons in
the Federal Government.
16 . Require EEO reports from agencies to reflect spec^iaj^
information on Spanish surnamed persons and include in the CSC
agenda for EEO evaluation questions directed at particular
problems relating to employment and upward mobility of Spanish
surnamed persons.
^#4-7/
8706
n-107
Executive Order 11478
Equal Employment Opportunity in tlie
Federal Government
It has long been the policy of the United
States Government to provide equal oppor-
tunity in Federal emplojTnent on the basis of
merit and fitness and without discrimination
because of race, color, religion, sex, or national
origin. All recent Presidents have fully sup-
ported this policy, and have directed depart-
ment and agency heads to adopt measures to
make it a reahty.
As a result, much has been accomplished
through positive agency programs to assure
equality of opportunity. Additional steps, how-
ever, are called for in order to strengthen and
assure fully equal employment opportunity in
the Federal Government.
NOW, THEREFORE, under and by virtue
of the authority vested in me as President of
the United States by the Constitution and
statutes of the United States, it is ordered as
follows:
Section 1. It is the policj' of the Govern-
ment of the United States to provide equal op-
portunity in Federal employment for all
persons, to prohibit discrimination in employ-
ment because of race, color, religion, se.x, or
national origin, and to promote the full realiza-
tion of equal employment opportunity through
a continuing affirmative program in each ex-
ecutive department and agency. This policy
of equal opportunity applies to and must be
an integral part of every aspect of ])ersonnel
policy and practice in the employment, devel-
opment, advancement, and treatment of
civilian emploj-ees of the Federal Government.
Sec. 2. The head of each executive depart-
ment and agency snail establish and maintain
an afTirir,;:tive [)n>|.'riiiii of equ.il eni|il..y::ii.'nt
opportunity for all civilian employees and ap-
plicants for employment within his jiuTsdiction
in accordance with the policy set forth in section
1. It is ihe responsibility of each department
and agency head, to the maximum extent
possible, to provide sufhcient resources to ad-
minister such a program in a positive and effec-
tive manner; assure that recruitment activities
reach all sources of job candidates; utilize to
the fullest extent the present skills of each
employee; provide the maximum feasible op-
portunity to employees to enhance their skills
so they may perform at their highest potential
and advance in accordance with their abilities;
provide training and advice to managers and
supervisors to assure their understanding and
implementation of the policy expressed in this
Order; assure participation at the local level
with other employers, schools, and public or
private groups in cooperative efforts to improve
community conditions which affect employ-
ability; and provide for a system within the
department or agency for periodically evaluat-
ing the effectiveness with which the policy of
this Order is being carried out.
Sec. 3. The Civil Service Commission shall
provide leadership and guidance to departments
and agencies in the conduct of equal employ-
ment opportunity programs for the civilian
employees of and applicants for employment
within the executive departments and agencies
in order to assure that personnel operations in
Government departments and agencies carry
out the objective of equal ojiportunity for all
persons. The Commission shall review and eval-
uate agency program operations periodically,
obtain such reports from departments and
ligcucic^ iis it ileems ne(C-;-riry, a!id rc[-.ort to
the President as appropriate on overall prog-
iSovomhrr 4,
8707
f.LECTED ExECDTTVE OliDERS
ress. Tlie Commission will consult from time
to tune with such individuals, groups, or orga-
nizations as may be of assistance in improving
the Federal program and reahzing the objectives
of this Order.
Sec. 4. Tlie Civil Service Commbsion shall
pro\-ide for the prompt, fair, iind impartial con-
sideration of all co.mplaintj of discrimination in
Federal employment on tlie basis of race, color,
religion, sex, or national origin. Agency tsystems
shall provide access to counseling for employees
who feel aggrieved and shall encourage the reso-
lution of em.ployee problems on an informal
basis. Procedures for the consideration of com-
plaints shall include at least one impartial re-
view within the executive deparcment or agency
and shall provide for appeal to the Civil Service
Commission.
Sec. 5. The Civil Service Commission shall
issue such regulations, orders, and instructions
as it deems necessary and appropriate to carry
out this Order and assure that the executive
branch of the Government leads the way as an
equal opportunity employer, and the head of
each executive department and agency shall
comply with the regulations, orders, and in-
structions issued by the Commission under this
Order.
Sec. 6. This Order applies (a) to military
departments as defined in section 102 of title 5,
United States Code, and executive agencies
(other than the General Accounting Office) as
defined in section 105 of title 5, United States
Code, and to the employees thereof (including
employees paid from nonappropriated funds),
and (b) to those portions of the legislative and
judicial branches of the Federal Government
and of the Government of the District of Colum-
bia having positions in the competitive ser\-ice
and to the employees in those positions. This
Order does not upplj' to aliens employed outside
the limits of the United States.
Sec. 7. Part I of E.xecutive Order No. 11246
of September 24, 1965, and those parts of Exec-
utive Order No. 11375 of October 13, 1967,
which apply to Federal employment, are hereby
superseded.
RiCH.\RD Nixon
The White House,
August 8, 1969.
%) %^ \.^
CABINET COMMITTEE ON OPPORTUNITIES
FOR SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE
Office of Public Attairs and Information
Washington, DC, 20506
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
WNALTY FOR PRIVATE USE S300
FIRST CLASS MAIL
n
8708
-THE SIXTEEN POINT ??.OGR^^
On November 5, 1970, the President announced the initiation
by the Civil Ser/ice Conrrr.ission of a si:<teen-point progran
to assist Spanish speaking American citizens v.io are interes-
ted in joining Federal civilian service.
This program was a follow-up to the statement the President
made in a press conference in Los Angeles on July 30, 1970
welcoming interested and qualified Spanfrh speaking persons
who have an interest in Federal employment.
lire sixteen steps which the Civil Sert:ice Commission Chairman
was to undertake immediately are as follows:
1. Appoint a full time official in the Civil Service Commission
who will provide advice and assistance on matters relating to
Spanish surnamed population to assure full application of the
EEO program in all Federal agencies to this group,
2. Begin an intensified drive to recruit Spanish surnamed per-
sons, particularly for identified public contact positions, in
areas of heavy Spanish speaking population, including the South-
western states and in Chicago, Detroit, and New York and cer-
tain other major metropolitan areas.
3. Use specialized recruitment teams, to include Spanish
speaking persons for college recruitment, particularly at
colleges with heavy Spanish speaking enrollments,
4. Begin work immediately with OEO, DHF*^, HUD, Labor to find
ways to enhance opportunities at all levels for Spanish sur-
named Americans in programs dealing vlth the Spanish soeaking
population as well as in other programs and in key occupations.
5. Step up recruitment for Cooperative Education Program at
colleges with significant num.bers of Spanish speaking students
to permit entry from FSEE registers without necessity of writ-
ten examination.
6. Emphasize to Federal agencies availability of selective
placement on bilingual basis 3o Spanish speaking persons may
be reached for appointment to positions dealing with the
Sp=ni3h surn-r-.-'i ropulaticn.
8709
,.,, ^^.,/^r.-nrc of Federal man^-.gers ar.d equal
opportunity off'clnl" In the Southwest designed to assure
equal opporc'tn'.'v tcr Smnlsh epeakin?; persons in eniploy-
tneat and up-jra :.-.obiiity in Federal agencies.
8. Develop pl.ir.- f^r Fcdrral agencies under CSC area office
leadership to •-■irV with hir.h echools in Spanish Speaking
areas to cake Known job opportunities in the Federal Govern-
ment and to co-.nsrl nnd to encourage student^ to stay in
school.
9. Hire for surfer enployment in Federal agencies high school
and college teachers from schools serving Spanish speaking
students to kIvc t!irn understanding of the Federal Government
vhich they c.-i:; relate to students.
10. Make spfclnl effort to inform Spanish surnamed veterans
of availability of non-cor-petitive appointnents for Vietnam
Area Veteran-, including GS-5 level.
11. Require Fcicral n^cncies to review their EEO action
plans and n'lr.;irity c-ployrr.ent figures and make any necessary
revisions to assure the full applicability of the plans to
Spanish surnancd population. ^
12. Review with agencies staffing of EEO program to make
sure that there Is understanding in the program of the special
problems of the Spanish speaking.
13. Provide additional training programs on EEO and person-
nel mana.-^c- :nt for Federal managers in areas of Spanish
speaking population.
lA. With the Department of Labor, explore the feasibility
of establishing an Intergovernmental Training Facility for
upward mobility and skills training for Federal, state and
local careers in the Southwest, probably in San Antonio.
15. Collect necessary data and broaden analysis of minority
statistics to bring out special information relating to em-
ployment and upward mobility of Spanish surnamed persons in
the Federal Government.
16. Require EEO reports from agencies to reflect special
Information on Spanish surnar.ed persons and include in the
CSC agenda for EEO evaluation questions directed at parti-
cular problems relating to emplo>".ent and upward mobility
of Spanish surramed persons.
(Partial extract from V,"hite House News Release of Novem.ber 5, 1970)
8710
THE CALIFORNIA PRIMARY
The Spanish Speaking Campaign Plan
The purpose of the Spanish speaking campaign in the California Primary
is threefold:
1. To test the effectiveness of four voter persuasion techniques.
2. To test each of these techniques with both the Spanish
speaking middle class and the Spanish speaking ur-
ban poor. ■
3. To develop and test the California Spanish speaking organi-
zation at the state level.
The voter persuasion techniques to be tested are:
1. The mass media - publicity, TV, radio, newspaper advertising
2. Direct mail combined with the media effort
3. Telephone contacts with a mailing to follow up on undecided
voters. This will also be combined with the media effort
4. Surrogate candidates speaking on the President's behalf -
also combined with the media effort.
Each of the four techniques will be tested (1) in precincts or counties
predominantly made up of Spanish speaking middle class residents
and (2) in precincts or counties predominantly made up of the urban
poor. Effectiveness of each of the four persuasion techniques will
be measured by before and after telephone polls of ballot strength
in each of the test areas. The effort to measure the effectiveness
of each persuasion technique will not be perfect for various reasons.
The population in a precinct is a small sample; overlapping of techniques
may occur; and the population in the test precincts cannot be identical.
Nevertheless, w<» should be able to get a gene'-al idea of the relative
effectiveness of each persuasion technique. Also the testing effort
will enable us to refine each technique before using it in the general
election.
8711
SELECTING TEST AREAS
There will be three test groups:
Group A. Precincts with the following characteristics:
- Over 50% Spanish-Speaking
- Urban
- Low economic indicator (according to census-tract
information)
- Consistent voting pattern in recent elections
Group B. Precincts with the following characteristics:
- Over 50% Spanish-Speaking
- Urban/Suburban
- High economic indicator (according to census tract
information)
- Consistent voting pattern in recent elections
Group C. Two counties with the following characteristics:
- Over 50% Spanish-Speaking
- Similar size (small)
. ' - Consistent voting pattern in recent elections
These test groups will be selected by April 5.
THE TEST PATTERN
I. Designate precincts from groups A & B to test techniques 1, 2, &c3.
Designate counties from group C to test techniques 1 & 4.
Completion date: April 10
II. Develop brochure especially designed for Spanish-Speaking.
Brochure should be written in English and feature the President's
record.
Completion date: May 1
III. Organize technique 2, 3, and 4.
Technique 2 - Direct mail appeals will be made to all
Spanish spc-akLaa voters in t'.ie sc-I^-cted
tPSt area. The letter •.'.ili --ft nut :h^-
President's good record with the Spanish
8712
speaking. The brochure will be
included.
Technique 3 - Organize telephone campaign to call
every Spanish surname vote in
test area. The brochure will be
used to follow-up on undecided voters;
but there will be no voter turnout phase.
Completion date: April 24
Technique 4 - Organize Spanish-Speaking surrogates
to make intensive highly publicized
appearances in one of Group C selected
counties. This includes selecting
spokesmen and planning events.
Completion date: May 1
Call every Spanish-Surname voter in test precincts and counties
to identify ballot strength for later comparison. This effort
should be supervised professionally.
Completion date: May 1
Implement action for techniques 2, 3, and 4.
Target date: Start May 1st.
Call every Spanish-Surname voter in test precincts and counties
after the primary to identify ballot strength for comparison to
initial survey described In IV.
Completion date: June 10
Review election results for significant change.
Completion date: June 15
Analyse the effectiveness of each technique to change
voter attitudes so that any necessary changes in the Spanish -
Speaking campaign plan can be made for use in the general
election.
Ccm3le:ion date: ju:-.o 20
8713
Exhibit 10
CA>gAIGX PLAN
STRATEGY TOR TriE DEVELOPMENT OF TH^
BLACK VOTE IN 1972
CONFIDENTIAL FlNAL
• March 15, 197 2
8714
TABLE OF COXTZ-.TS
INTRODUCTION ' Psge 1
Campaign Plan Page 1
BACKGROUND OS BLACK VOTE Page 2
Where The Black. VoCers Are Page 2
Who The Voters Are Page 3
Historic Trends Page 4
Issues Page 5
STRATEGY Page 7
Focus On Key States Page 8
PLAN OF ACTION
Retreat/Planning/Strategy Session '. Page 8
Field Operations Page 9
National Publicity Program Page 11
Establishment Of Visible Support In The Black Conmunity Page 11
Presidential And First Family Appearances Page 12
Use Of High Administration Appointees Page 12
Opinion Leaders Of The Black Community Page 13
Black Young Business Executives For The Re-Election Of
The President Page 14
Black Churchmen For The Re-Election Of The President Page 14
Black Educators For The Re-Election Of The President Page 15
Black Educators For The Re-Election Of The President Page 15
Black Professional Athletes For The Re-Election Of
The President Page 15
Local Republican Organizations Page' 16
Black Republican Candidates Page 17
Republican National Convention Page 18
8715
The Black Press Page 20
Other Mass Media Page 20
Brochure And Newsletter Page 20
ORGANIZATION Page 21
Use of Adoinistration Resources Page 23
CONCLUSION Page 24
TAB A Republican Percentages Among The Non-White Voce
TAB B Cities Of 25,000 Or More Black Population
TAB C Possible Additional Black Citizens' Groups For The Re-Election Of
The President
TAB D Rank Of States
TAB E Organizational Chart
TAB F Planning Work Schedule
TAB G Black Media Advertising Campaign
ADDENDUM I Research Report: Black Political Participation
ADDENDUM II Report On The Polls: Blacks
32-818 O - 74 - pt. H
8716
The attached presentation proposes a strategy to secure for the Republican
Party a significant number of Black votes in the 1972 Presidential election.
It represents a consolidation of ideas suggested by a number of the top
Black appointees in the Adcinistration. It is felt very strongly that the
Black vote at every strategic level and section of the country should not
and cannot be ignored. It was with this potential in mind — the market
of sone 7-1/2 million potential Black voters — that this strategy was de-
vised.
Ceunpaign Plan
This campaign plan is a general approach designed as an immediate broad
appeal to the Black community. This general plan will provide a vehicle
to effectively inform Blacks of accomplishjaents of the Administration that
impact primarily on minority groups. Further, the plan is specifically
aimed at early implementation in order to effect some change in the present
negative feelings about the Administration in many of the Black areas of
the Nation. Tnis will also present an opportunity to benefit from the
growing opinion of Blacks that their vote should not be the property of
a single political party but rather should be used for leverage as a swing
vote.
At the point when the Co-jnittee for the Re-Election of the President develop:
State Victory Plans, it is anticipated that this Division will build in a
specific Black vote action plan for each key state. Overall efforts will
then be locked into the State plans which will govern all further actions.
8717
EACKcaouyp on bl/.ck vote
The inportance of the Black vote is indicated by the fact that of the 79
million persons participating in the 1968 general election, 8.0% or 6.3
million were Black. In the South the Black proportion was 14.7% and in
the North and West, 5.5%. In 1960, the Republican Presidential ticket re-
ceived and estimated 32% of the Black vote, but in 1964 this figure dropped
to 6%. In 1968 the President was only able to recover to a level of appro-
ximately 12%. (See Tab A).
The plan avoids any gradiose, radical scheme to attract fresh Black votes,
which could be held suspect by the Black community; but rather proposes
the judicious use of traditional political approaches. It contemplates
a strong offensive approach, rather than a defensive or apologetic one.
It calls for maximum involvement from every facet of the Black community,
including officials in the Administration and opinion leaders from all
walks of life.
The Black population has been extremely mobile. Eleven cities according
to the 1970 census, showed large Black population gains due to net in-
ir.igration of 25,000 or more persons. Net gains of over 100,000 persons
contributed to substantial population increases in the cities of New York,
Chicago and Los Angeles in states of large electoral votes.
Were the Black Voters Are
Nationally, but especially in regions other than the South Slack voters
make their greatest impact in cities of 50,000 or more population. At
least half of the Black voters are concentrated in 50 cities and one-third
of that total is in 15 cities. On the whole Black voters are about 11%
of the total voters in the country. , (See Tab B) .
8718
NoC only are Black voters a iriajor factor in tiie urban and heavily indus-
trialized regions of the ICorth, West and South, they are also a factor out-
side of the netropolitan areas in the South. Black voters, then, can be
placed into three important broad deuographic groups: Korthern-VJestern-
Urban, Southern-Urban, and Southern small-town and rural.
Vrno The Voters Are
The 1970 census information indicates the median income of Black families
in the United States is $6,279.00 which is 61% of that of white families.
Looking at the breakdo^m of Black family incomes by regions we find that:
1. The median income for the Black family in the Kortheaat is
$7,77A (67% of white family income).
2. For the Korth Central United States Black family median income
is $7,718 (73% of white family income).
3. In the South the median income for the Black family is $5,225
(57% of white family income) .
4. The Western regional Black family income is $8,001 (77% of
white family income) .
These figures indicate a slow but consistent rise in income for Blacks of
approximately 3% over a five year period 1965-1970. Strangely though
the only area in which these gains narrowed the gap between Black and
white family incomes is the South. A contrasting picture in the West
and North Central regions shows Black family incomes as about three-
fourths of white family incomes. Statistics indicate that the difference
between Black husband-wife families and white husband-wife families in
the Korth and West is the working Black wives. Approximately seven out
of every ten young Black wives contribute to family income by working.
In suirmiary Black voters are younger, less educated, more ill-housed and
unemployed than white voters, A further important factor is that 30%
of the Nation's Black families are headed by women.
8719
Historic Trends
Historic trends and voting behavior shows the Black voter to be basically
Democrat (86%). Going back co 1960 we find that the Republican Presidential
candidate received approxicacely 32% of the Black vote. This equaled the
support the Republican Party received froa Blacks in the 1950' s. In 1964
Barry Goldwater received only 6%, and in 1968 the President was only able
to gain 12% of the vote.
The Gallup Poll presently shows the President having a 27% nation-wide
approval rating among Blacks. Southern Blacks offer him strongest support.
They approve of the Administration by a 42%-38% margin, with 20% undecided.
There are marked regional differences. In the Deep South, (those states
carried by Wallace in 1968) , the Black vote is proportionately the highest
but the election outcome has traditionally been decided by the conservative
white vote.
In the Border States, the Black vote is still proportionately high, but
in 1968 the President won cost of the states with a substantial plurality.
There are no plans to focus in this area at this time.
In the Industrial Northeast, the Black voter probably carries the greatest
leverage. The total vote tends to be balanced, and capable of swinging to
either party in a given year. The Black vote represents approximately 10%
of the total, and heavily favors the Democrats, giving thea a substantial
plurality. Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey all have
substantial Black population and are considered key states.
New England is mixed. Massachusetts and Connecticut tend to resemble the
Industrial Northeast. The regaining states have a low Black population
which would not be a factorln most elections. Connecticut is the key state
8720
In this region.
The Upper Midv/est has a relatively low Black population, and the total state
pluralities in 1963 were substantially larger than the leverage exerted by
those voters.
The Mountain States, generally speaking, do not feel much effect from the
Black voters.
In the Pacific States, the impact is uixed, with substantial effect in Cali-
■ fornia, less In Washington, and very little in the remaining states. Cali-
fornia presently leads the list of key states.
Issues
In developing a concerted program careful analysis must be made of which
issues carry the most positive impact across all of the President's consti-
tuency. For example job opportunities in the 70's is an area of concern
to Blacks and yet does not polarize the white cosmunity.
Thare are a number of issues which are of major concern to Blacks. Discri-
mination and racial conflict are still major issues, but other issues are:
A. The high rate of unesployment among Blacks; (here emphasis will
be on widespread dissemination of information on programs providing
job training with Administration assistance through the Department
of Labor, OEO, Model Cities, and on job producing grants from SBA,
. 0M3E, SBA, HUD).
B. Inadequate housing;
C. Quality of educational opportunities; (Black colleges will be
Elxhibit A to show the concern by the Administration) .
D. Crime in the Black community; (Federal assistance in this area
to assist localities will be highlighted).
8721
E. Heroin traffic in the Black community; (the new drug enforcenent
prograa resources will be of assistance in this area) .
Of concern to Blacks and related to job discrimination is the issue of inade-
quate housing and housing discrimination. Blacks view landlords and govern-
ment agencies as repressive and bureaucratic. In many instances dispro-
portionate percentages of Black families incomes go to pay for inadequate
housing. Black families feel themselves trapped in ghetto-type conditions
and see little possible hope of escape.
The Administration through HUD programs and the regulation of deposits of
Federal funds to financial institutions has the resources to assist remedying
such situations, make a positive impact and. improve its credibility in the
Black community.
Black voters without a doubt are concerned about the high cost of living.
Blacks seek a better value for dollars spent.
Black parents in greater numbers than ever are seeking higher quality edu-
cational opportunities for their children. While busing is of national con-
cern. Black parents on the whole are more concerned about the quality of
their children's education. The Administration must continue to seek proper
vehicles through which it can convey an expression of its support for equal
educational opportunities for all persons and publicize the fact that it is
supporting this belief financially — especially at the time the President
announces his position on the busing issue.
Considering the fact that Blacks are so often the victims of violent crimes,
most Black voters are concerned about maintaining law and order in their
communities but it must be so approached as to avoid a negative, repressive
image.
8722
Most Blacks are againsc criae and are for "law and order" but must be con-
vinced it is not a code phrase meaning laws designed to repress Blacks.
This is reconmended strategy for neutralizing the almost unchallenged mono-
poly which the Democratic Party has held in the Black community in recent
Presidential elections. The strategy proceeds from the assumptions that
this Administration has a good record of accomplishment in areas of concern
to Blacks, that they will listen if the message is presented effectively,
and that they will vote for the President in greater numbers if can be
convinced of his concern for their well-being and that he wants their
vote.
The objective in 1972 can realistically be set at increasing the President's
share of the Black vote by 50% — from 12% in 1968 to at least 18% in 1972.
In 1968, that increment would have given the President victories in Maryland
and Texas, and solidified the narrow margins of victory in Missouri, New
Jersey and Ohio. (In Maryland, where, 1968, the Democrat candidate re-
ceived 20,315 votes more than the Republicans in a state with 452,587
potential Black voters — of whom approximately 293,276 actually voted,
the President would have carried the state with a shift of 2% of the Black
vote) .
The strategy to increase the Black vote to 18% will center around publi-
cizing the President's record of accomplishments for Blacks.
8723
Focus Oa Key States
Waen the largest states, such as Calif of nia, New York, Illinois, Penn-
sylvania, and Ohio are taken in order of electoral votes, the concen-
trations of Black voters in strategic points becomes particularly evi-
dent. Focus will be directed toward those states where the Black vote
has its greatest leverage — in states where the total vote tends to be
balanced and capable of swinging to either Party. It is in these key
states that a major effort will be Eiade to effectively win the confi-
dence of more Black voters. Tab D ranks states in the present order
of priority (with early efforts concentrated primarily on the top 25 of the
list and with no present plans for the last 12 on the list as the Black
vote therein represents less than one percent of the voting age popula-
tion in most instances).
Reconmendation: That you approve the strategy to increase the Black vote
to 18% by publicizing through a comprehensive public relations program,
the President's Record and by organizing an intensive field effort in
key states.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE C0>2^NT
PLA-X OF ACTION
Re treat /Planning /Strategy Session
In order to launch the Black Vote Division campaign it is proposed to bring
25-30 key persons into Washington for a retreat/planning/strategy session.
It is estimated that transportation, accommodations and expenses will run
$5,000. The Chairman and appropriate Re-Election staff will be invited to
appear before the group. In connection with the retreat a select group of
supporters could be invited to a Blair House briefing. The resulting publi
8724
relations value flowing fro:3 the sessioa will serve to strengthea support
for this key teaa of advisors.
To effectively bridge the credibility gap now present in the Black cou^-^unity
and to create a climate free; which to capture an increased percentage of
the Black vote a field operation should be established to assure organiza-
tion and coordination of efforts.
Field Operations
The effectiveness of the campaign strategy, can be measured by the votes pro-
duced. Nothing is more important than reaching the voter, and that requires
good local organization. The proposed plan for 1972 contemplates grass-
roots organizations in most major urban areas of key states as well as
the rural South. They will be under the operational control of the Nixon
State Chairman, but will be functionally coordinated by the Black Voters
Division in Washington. Coordination would be accomplished initially
through three staff field men and field consultants (part-time) such
as use of ministers.
The regional field man will be used to assure that local organizations
are established, that communications reach the people, and that provisions
are made to identify our voters and, finally, to get them to the polls. A
system of reporting and controls will be established so that realistic
appraisal of progress can be made from Washington and corrective action
taken if necessary. .
Voter education will be an important factor in 1972 and will be a cjajor
concern of field staff. Xosz Black voters do not normally split the
ticket, but have shown that they will when attractive alternatives are
presented. Some obvious examples are Black Republican officials who have
8725
been elected from heavily Democratic districts. Education in the justifi-
cation and methods of ticket-splitting should substantially increase the
President's share of the vote in some areas.
The field operation will be geared to working closely with local Blacks tied
into State machinery. Field representatives will also work to identify
persons, other than Republicans, who are inclined to support the President.
Initial focus of the field operations will be on developing organizations
wherever there is a major concentration of Black population. This will
further serve to accomplish the public relations objectives of the Plan's
strategy. *
In addition to getting out the Nixon vote, the field organization will
focus on spreading the word on issues of concern to Blacks where the
Administration has made significant strides.
There are several Administration programs which can receive strong
support (particularly among the rank and file) in the Black community:
school desegregation enforcement activities; major initiatives in the
area of drug abuse; implementation of the Philadelphia Plan for in-
creasing the proportion of minority workers in Federally-sponsored
construction projects; substantial increase in the support of Blac'K
colleges; the non-profit sponsors' housing program in HUD, in which
40% of the participation is by Black organizations; and many programs
to support the development of Black businesses, including those under
SBA, 0^3E, EDA and HUD.
*Field coordinators will work with State Black Vote Chairmen to set
up an organization of city and county coordinators, recruit and train
volunteers to disseminate information and to identify and get out the
vote.
8726
The Black voters will give substaacial suppori: to the proposed Fanily
Assista.ace Plan, largely because it is the first proposal which in-
cludes soQe fona of a guaranteed annual incone. There see;ns to be
sou.e question at this tice, however, as to whether the President is
strongly behind the program:. Blacks will support revenue sharing to the
degree that it appears to provide new noney to the central cities.
They are concerned that adequate provisions be attached to that legis-
lation to assure that an equitable share of the funds be available to
Black coaimunities and that the funds not be allowed to support discria-
ination.
In each of these areas the President's Record is solid yet only limited
information of his accosplishaents has effectively reached local levels.
National Publicity Prograa
In addition to field efforts a comprehensive national publicity campaign
will be used to persuade the Black voter. This progran will in the
main be the responsibility of the White House Staff members of our team
(Bob Brown and Stan Scott) and will include the following components:
Establlsbjaent Of Visible Support In The Black Co-jnunity. In order
for the President's campaign to be credible in the Black community,
there oust be highly visible members of the conmunity actively supporting
and campaigning for him. Several such groups will be identified and/or
can be organized by field coordinators. Expanded speaking schedules
have been recoaimanded for appointed Black officials. In addition, there
should be greater visibility of non-Black top level officials in the
Black community, through participation in speaking engagements and
cultural activities. Further, certain non-Administration Black
citizens who are opinion makers will be used in speaking engagements
8727
-12-
before civic, social, fraternal and religious groups and attention will
be given to developing at least one super star spokesman who can coamand
national attention. Additionally, Black celebrities will be used in special
events. Consaitments for key appearances, such as has been obtained from
SaiEiy Davis, Jr. will be sought. Davis, who has become increasingly involved
in national Black causes, has been contacted and is committed to assisting
in the re-election of the President. Publicity flowing from the President
and Sammy Davis, Jr. at the Bob Brown tribute is viewed very positively
by Blacks and as newsworthy with Black-oriented newspapers.
Presidential 'And First • Fe:aily Appearances . As the campaign progresses,
special key events will be identified for possible appearances by the
President and members of his family. Most national Black organizations
(civic, fraternal, civil rights and professional groups) hold conventions
during summer months. Invitations to address these conventions can be
initiated once it has been detenalned that the President is available.
Appearances by the President and members of his family will serve a
PR value of showing genuine concern for the Black community. Their very
appearance will be newsworthy and guarantee press coverage and serve
to Improve the President's linage with Blacks.
Use Of High Adainistratiin Appointees. It is not generally realized
how many Blacks have been appointed to high positions by the President,
nor the extent of the effectiveness in implementing. important programs.
Some of them are politically experienced and effective in public appear-
8728
A sustained effort will be started to raise the profiles of high Black
Administration Appointees. Approaches will include:
(1) An expanded schedule of well-publicized speaking engagements before
Important audiences. This effort should be coordinated by minority
White House staff (Stan Scotc and Bob Brown) during the canipaiga
(with assistance from the Scheduling and Speakers Bureau Office)
and should tie in closely with the Council of Black Appointees.
(2) Disseaination of news and feature stories to the Black press.
Stan Scott iu Herb Klein's office, has made progress over the past
several months in establishing better lines of communication between
the Administration and Black newspapers across the country. These
publications are read extensively and do 'have impact in the Black
community.
(3) Inclusion, where appropriate, of Black appointees on Presidential
trips to their home areas (and on Cabinet member engagements).
Recom-Tiendation; That you approve the concept of high visibility of influ-
ential Blacks and of Black political appointees during the campaign, and
Che implementation of Che three approaches listed above.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE COCENT
Opinlor. Leaders Of Tha Black Cotr^ur.lty
A series of VTAice Kouse brief ings have shown chat Chare arc Slacks who want to wo
■ wich the Ac=iintscracion. T:-.ese individuals are Co a si^^°»^ excenc Chose who are
Slaking ic wichir. Che sysce-, and whose opinions have come influence wichin c'r.e
Black comiv-nicy. So=.e have indicaced iscrons iaceresc in working coward che
Presidenc's re-eleccion.
8729
These opinion leaders could be used r.ost effectively If organ;tzed into groups re-
flecting professions or special interests; for exaaple, tusiness executives, educa-
tors, athletes, etc. They vould act to spread the vord about Administration accov.i-
oli5h-ar\ts and generate support for the President through mailings, speaking appear-
ances And press releases. Further, the existence of such citizens' groups vould
provide a vehicle for the involvement of other persons vho want to actively parti-
cip^.te in the campaign, whether through volunteer vor'<c or financial contribution.
Black. Citizens Cocaittee mesibers should be integrated into overall re-election
Cocnittees such as youth, wonen, educators, etc. — as they are announced.
The following four groups should be immediately set up and budgeted in order to
be^^in operations inaediately. Other groups of Black professionals and special
interests groups would be established later -following the basic pattern set forth
by the initial four groups:
1. Black Youn^ Business Zyqcjtives for the ?.e-Election of the President
This group would be n^ce up of people on the order of Abrahani Venable,
former Director of OXBB and presently Director of Urban Affairs for
General Motors; Aubrey Lewis, Assistant Vice President with Woolworth
and forner All-American football star with Notre Darae; John Sims,
Director of Minority Affairs with U.S. Flywood Charcpion Papers; Jame^
Mack, President, B i C. Associates, Kigh Point, North Carolina; ?«onald
Evans, of ITT, '/ashing 'ion Office; and LePusy Jeffries, Los Angeles busi-
nesscian. These nsn are strong supporters of the President. A budget
_ of $2,000 should be appropriated for this group to begin operation in
April.
2- Black Churchr.en for the Re-Election of the President
Thds will be a vitally important co-rnittco ar, it vould represent the
• nost powerful sin,3:e force in the Black coimunity. The Black niniscer
8730
plays ar» iaporcariC role in ir.f luer.cir.g his consregation. Va have cloac
relations with a ;iu-ber of Black clergys-.ea who support the ?ret,ideat.
Among thea are Dr. '.Tilliaa Holaea^ Borders, Pastor, vrneat Street Bap-
tist Church ir. Atlar.ta; Dr. L.V. Booth of Cincinnati; Bishop V.'illiam
K. Snith of the AXE Zion' Church, who is also a nesriber of the Alabama
Republican Executive Coiaittee; Dr. J.J. Jackson, President of the Kr.cional
Baptist Convention (^'ational Baptist is the largest Black church group
in the Nation); Rev. Arthur JIarshall of St. Louis; P.ev. Roland Smith
. of Atlanta who is one of the founders of the Southern Christian Leader-
. ship Conference (SCLC) , In light of the high priority role that this
group will play, a budget of $3,000 is reconrunended to begin operation
in April. Ministers will also be used to work with field coordinators
in key congressional districts and states with their salaries sup-
plemented on a per dieci basis.
3. Black Educators for the Re-Election of the President
' • . This group could be headed up by Dr. Helen Edmonds, former member
■ ' ' of U.S. Delegation to the U.lt. and former Dean of the Graduate School
v.'.'.of North Carolina Central University. She is dedicated Republican,
••; having made a seconding speech for the nomination of President Eiscn-
• hower at the Republican National Convention. The budget for this
group should ^e $3,000 to begin operations in Arpil.
4. Black Professional Athletes' for the Re-Electlon of the President
The membership of this group would be based around men like Bennie
KcCrae of the New York Giants; Buddy Young, Assistant to the Co=i-
••. missioner of Pootball; Roger Brown of the Indinapolis Pacers, who
was recently elected to the City Council as a Republican; Brady
Keyes, formerly of the Philadelphia Eagles and how President or
. All-Pro Chicken. The recomaended budget for this group is $2,000
• and start-up date is April. ' " ' •
8731
The budg^C of $15,000 would be expended on meetings, travel, publicity,
mailings and appearances before various Black regional and national
conventions and meetings. Additional funds required if any would be
self-financed. Approval for these funds will be sought through the
normal budgetary process.
Other Black Citizens' Coinmlttees which might also be formed and later
meshed with total Re-Election Committee efforts are listed In Tab C.
P.ecoffJiedatlon: That you approve the concept of actively involving noted Black
leaders in the re-election of the President by the formation of Black citizen
groups, and inclusion of key persons on Re-Electlon Committees lists and that
you authorize the Executive Director to immediately begin forming the groups
in detail.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE • COMIffiNT-- •
Local Republican Organizations i ' ' , f ,' '
"c must depend on attracting new supporters for the greatest assistance. However,
there are traditional local Black Republican organizations in many cities and they
should be given every opportunity for maximum participation. They should be activel
worked with by the minority specialise at the Republican National Committee. This
will also serve to mininizo competitiveness between Republicans and others sup-
portir.s re-election efforts.
F.eco--^.3nda:ion: That the Executive Director of the Black Voters Division of the
?.e-".lection CoCTlttee establish a coordinating group, including the Black staff
of fac Republican N'atiqnal Cor^ittee, the Campaign Congressional Co^ittee and
representatives of Black Republican Clubs for the purpose of providing
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 10
8732
a coordinating effort for ' representatives of Black Republican groups to allow
naxi-ua involvencnt of Slack Republicans.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE , COMMENT
Black Republican Candidates ' ■ .
A Republican Presidential canpaign has a great deal of difficulty in attaining
visibility in many Black communities. The local politics, including Congressional
races in some instances, are heavily dominated by the Democratic Party. In 1972,
hovaver, for the first time in recent history, the Republican Party has an oppor-
tunity to field Black candidates who will have a reasonable chance of election
and/or making a creditable showing. In particular, viable candidates should be
identified to oppose the members of the Congrceelonal Black Caucus. If nuronj.
Republican campaigns can be run, they will serve the multiple purposes of
(1) Keeping the Black Caucus members involved in their home districts,
rather than campaigning across the country for the Democratic nominee.
.(2) Presenting the. possibility of defeating Democratic incumbents in the .
House. .
(3) Establishing a method for publicizing the record of the Administration
in the Black community. .■''*■.
(A) Kost important, extending the Republican Presidential campaign into
those coamunities, by association of the local candidate with the
President and his record, and, hopefully, cutting into the Democratic
vote plurality.
(5) Allowing, post-election follow-up to build Party loyalty and allegiance.
Two steps are needed to implement this strategy:'
(1) To ic^ediately identify attractive candidates and convince them to run.
(2) To assure adequate fir.^nclal support to conduct an effective campaign.
8733
gecoT^.jndatlon: Thac^<Jou approve the strategy of fielding strong Republican candi-
dates in as many predominately Black districts as possible, and that you authorize
p.n lonediate search begin to identify appropriate persons to enter those races.
Financial support to those candidates who are approved would be considered on an
Individual basis in consultation with the State Chairman and Congressional Cam-
paign Committee.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE ' COM>!ENT
Kepublican National Convention
The Republican National Convention will provide an opportunity to demonstrate that
the Party is really relating to the Black community. In that connection, it is urged
that early planning go into this aspect of the Convention. Wtxile certain rules
already dictate Convention procedure, it is highly desirable that we take advantage
of the wide publicity that will flov from San Diego by developing an approach to:
1. Encourage states to have Black representation among delegates.
2. Assure that Blacks work on Convention planning committees.
3. Make certain that Convention special social events involve Blacks
and that special events are planned for Blacks attending the Convention.
A. Use Blacks in Convention jobs as pages, secretaries, etc.
5. Involve prominent Blacks in key visible roles such as nominating and/or
seconding speeches, delivering of invocation and appearances before
appropriate Convention Committees receiving national attention.
?.eco-.~gndf.tions
1. That you approve of Blacks being assigned to convention planning
committees. • '
\'^??.0\'~. DISAPPROVE COXXEXT '
8734
2. That a?pr»?rlace states be er.couraged to have Black cele-ates fro=
districts ia which there is a sizeable Black population.
A^^'^^VE " DISAPPROVE cox:<ej;t
3. That social eyer.ts include Blacks and that special social events
be planned for Slacks.
''??^OVE DISAPPROVE . " COX>EKT
A.t That Blacks be seriously considered for key visible roles such as
; ^' deliverins no-inating and/or secondary speeches, as keynoter, for
convention co::aittees (Senator Brooke, Jataes Faraer, Art Tletcher
Ben Davis, Chappie James, Dr. J. J. Jackson, are asong leading
•Blacks who will serve).
; . DISAPPROVE CO>KEi;T
A major element of the strategy for capturing a larger share of the Black
vote in 1972 will be to inform the people of successful Administration
programs. This will require effective use of all possible media, because
it is inherently difficult to get the Republican message to these voters.
The Communications program should in the main be handled through Stan
Scott of Herb Klein's office but will also utilise the Co=a.ttaa's Press
and Advertising Divisions. The major elements are:
8735
Tiie Black ?rcss. ThGse newspapers are probably more influeacial
Chan thsir couaCerparts in the v/aite cor:j:iunit;y. As noted before,
inprovir.g lines of co;rjaunicatiou are being established with Cr.e
editors. As the cauipaign progresses, we may be less able to place
Adninistratioa oriented cacerial in the news sections, becaasG ic
laay be seen as "too political" by unsympathetic editors. However,
a combination of news releases plus advertising could be used effec-
tively as part of State Victory Plans. A detailed co^niunicacions
plan, including timing and cone of ads and resources to be used
will be developed through Che Cojuiictee's Advertising Division
and will joincly involve the Nixon State organization and Che
Re-Election Coc-jnictee as Black Vote Division.
Other Mass Media. Radio "soul" stations are very influential
in niany Black cOu.ziunities. Television has great irapact, as it does
with all American faailies. It is proposed that a Black Co^jnuni-
cations Advisory Group be formed Co work closely with the overall
campaign advertising staff to obtain Che greaCesC possible impact
in Che Black coirjaunicy.
Brochure and Ke'-'sletCer . While Chere have been a nuaber. of accoa-
plishmencs of positive itapact on Black votes, there has not been
a corresponding publicizing of the President's record. Early
efforts are needed Co bridge this gap. Priority will be given Co
development and wide distribution of a brochure highlighting pro-
gress in social prograoi areas and Adrainistration appointees. A
newsletter will be published monthly to further acquaint Black
voters with gains cade by the Administration. Th^s should be
handled by Stan Scott. Additional support in this area will
come froa working with public inforTT,ation offices of key agencies
8736
-21-
(SBA, GSA, 0;rB2, KID, etc.) Co produce special brochures and
leaflets on aid programs for Black businesses and Che Black
co:s2iu-aiCy .
Wich respect to direct uiail, brochures, posCers, leafleCs,
newsletters and other printed materials, publication and dis-
semination should be under the auspices of one of the Black
Citizens Committees already reconniended. Done in this manner,
these will possess the necessary credibility to accomplish
the basic purpose of che effort; to influence the Black vote.
Again, actual mailing will be worked out on a selective basis
as part of the State Victory Plans, and any expenditures will
be agreed to and budgeted by the State Chairman.
Recomniendation: That you approve of the use of key Black spokesmen in appro-
priate instances to tell of the President's achievements and to publicize
appointments affecting Blacks with a budget of $5,000 for per diem travel
expenses. Additional budget needs will be built into State Victory Plans
for key states and funded by the State. (See Tab G) .
APPROVE DISAPPROVE CO>iMENT
ORGANIZATION
In order to assure maximum coordination from the out-sat a team approach
to implementation of strategy and execution of the plan of action will be
used. The team coordinating efforts will Include Robert Brown, Special
Assistant to the President; Stan Scott, IThite House Communications Staff
Member; Ed Sexton, RNC;- Samuel Jackson, Assistant Secretary of HUD (repre-
seaCing the Council of Black appointees); and Paul R. Jones, Black Vote
Division Executive Director. It is anticipated that this group will meet
regularly on a weekly basis and inter-act daily as needed.
8737
As hus been proposed for ether specific voter groups, this plan contca-
plat2s an organization heiced by a higiily visible Chainr.an with Co-Ci.air-
nen, a Steering Corrjuittee, and an ExecaCive Director who will be ro^poasi-
ble for the day-to-day operations. As State coizmittees are fomed the u'ash-
in^ton based teaa will work with Stats coanterparcs to establish Clack
state teams and to provide input into State Victory Plans.
Many Blacks have expressed a desire to participate in the campaign (open-
ended cornmittees will give credibility to their efforts). As nuch as
possible, we will avoid dealing with splinter organizations which
will serve to dillute the effectiveness of the overall program (all
efforts will be coordinated closely with State Chairmen). A strong
effort will be made to build coinmunications between local supporters
and Federal officials.
An analysis of past efforts to attract Black votes underscores the
primary concern of Washington staff placing emphasis on organization,
coordination and control. It is proposed that the Executive Director
have responsibility for Ac:Linistration and day to day supervision
of field operations. This will provide for synchronizing efforts of
field coordinators with State Chairmen operations.
As the very creation of a LlacV; Vote Division serves to attract a large,
disproportionate number of Blacks (PR and consultant firms, advertising
ageacies, press representatives, volunteers and job seekers; to Black
staff members an Administrative Assistant will work in this area with
visitors, correspondence and phone callers (a load which has already
reached a point of justification of this position). Also this man
would work to establish the various Black Citizens Committees.
8738
While the nuii.ber of field coordinators is suull (3) it is expected that
they will travel extensively initially to assist in setting up state-
'..-ide organizational structures and that their efforts will be au^-uented
by select consultants. As we move toward Convention and election, and
key states are nore clearly identified, their attention will narrow in
focus to the areas of concentration of Eiack population therein. (See
Vab D for present ranV;ir.g of States).
The proposed organization chart is shovm in Tab E. These positions are
considered absolutely necessary to accomplish the general program plan
as outlined. Tab F is an Action Timetable of key steps.
RecorjT.endatio.-i: That you approve the concept to esiploy three field
coordinators. Tnese three would be appointed in April, May, June
so that there would be tir.e to accomplish the necessary organizational
work by the tine the caapaign is in full swing in late su::nr.er and to
offset De;::ocrat efforts steruning from State Primaries.
/\J?PROVT: DISAPPRO'/E C0>C-1EST
Recommendation : That you approve the organization concepts as proposed.
?<.ecotLTiendations on the budget and specific candidates will be presented
separately before positions are filled.
APPROVE DISAPPRO'.'E COl-l-^ZST
Use of Adainistration Resources
To augment organizational efforts it is proposed to make use of Adaiini-
stration resources to provide visible support of deserving projects.
With team aeabers working closely to conitor economic and social prograt.s
a selective funding approach will furnish encouragement incentives for
Black individuals, firns and organizations whose support will have a
8739
multiplier effect on Black vote support for the President. This will
call for working with OMEE, S3A, Departir.eut of Labor, OEO, KUD, HEW
and Che Justice Departaer.t. Ifnat we do econoaically will be a vital
key politically.
COXCLUSIOX
While political strategists are increasingly aware of the importance of the
Black vote in Presidential elections it has generally been assumed
that most Blacks who go to the polls will vote for Democrat candidates.
With a growing sophistication in the Black electorate, 1972 is a year
in which this awareness can have an enormous impact on the Presidential
election.
VJith several candidates seeking the Democrat nomination through State
Primary contests a large nuziber of Blacks will be sought out for early
invovlement and commitment. It is thus vitally important that this general
plan of action be instituted early to create a positive PR climate for
the President and his Administration — highlighting concern for the
Black community.
In support of staff efforts it is proposed that emphasis be placed on
closer control of grants, loans, contracts and appointments — especially
from socially-oriented Departments and agencies. Wliac the Administration
does economically is key. The major issues of concern to the rank and
file Black voter are those vhich have an economic base. They are con-
cerned about those things that affect day to day livelihood and well-
being.
8740
It is ijaportant that visitors see, and publicity indicates, greater
visibility of Blacks working at Re-Election Couimittee headquarters.
VJe ought to move imir.ediately to alleviate Che absence of Blacks on
staff. This point has been stressed by the Council of Black Appointees.
We have done well with Youth and Women, but not with Blacks.
Finally, the program plan is based on the premise that the current Black
political posture is pragmatic — the feeling being that Black voters
should be practical and selfish on behalf of Slack people — that they
should not be taken for granted — that they oust take whatever they can
froa whomever they can — and that they should support, with less regard
to Party, whoever offers the best response to a developing Black
agenda. This mood offers a real opportunity for the President to make
substantial gains in the percentage of Blacks votes attracted as
contrasted with 1963. The Slack vote in 1972 then must be seen as
the PLUS FACTOR — a margin to victory in key states.
The strategy is to cash in on the Black attitude of not wanting all eggs-
in-one-basket. Many Blacks feel the President will win with or without
their support. Many of thase want to be a part of a winning team. The
plan is designed to provide this opportunity. With the candidate already
in office, there is every opportunity to respond positively to Black
concerns in coming months — by moving Blacks toward fuller employment
and more adequate housing, toward greater protection against crime
and toward reform of the criminal justice system, toward treatment of
Blacks education as a national resource and toward more comprehensive
health care.
8741
Vflille overall strategy is to work, ia cities aad states with signiiJicariC
Black, population. Tab D rir.ks states in their preseac order of impor-
tance and serves as an indication of areas for concentrated najor
efforts — where Black voti'ng bloc shifts can serve as a swing vote.
8742
. . .: . Exhibit 11
:-^ ' - June 26, 1972 : *. V
^£^iQRANDtf1 FOR THE HONORABLE FREDERIC V. HALEK ^\\'~.: : ■■■J^^'r
FROMr^r^ V. ROBERT C. ^y\RDI AN --..--: ; ' - ^^:-rr:^.\
Attachedis a copy of Jack Crawford's proposed Black Voter Program."- 1:^:'^-
r Would suggest that- we set up a mutually agreeable time to haveV ;^-;i^-2
Jack coiis in and discuss the matter, y_;.\_^' ; '^ : : . >^-^:>%i"
8743
June 23 J
l-ir* Robert Hanl^an.
Cocmittea^to Re-elect, tha tr-_oi
1701 Paniisyl /an_a Av^rrAs/i.'J.
T-.ashiC5ton,'D.C. 2OC36
- - ^- "^ ^
DeaLT Eod: " -.^ -
Attacaed are ny / — -s cc
it ougat to bs dose^
ajid hov I think
Those wno I2a.<e tae decis-^cns o-^oold r^^-=^^er I96S la .-hich there vere
taree seperate orgaiixzai;ioELS all seeking B_ack vot3'-j and Bob Brown, with . ' . . .".
tae Presxdent. They vere (l) Concerned Afro AE!e^lc^n3 forthe electioa _
of Ricoaxd IHjxon^ (2) Citizens for Ilixon, (3) The R?pablicaa liational
Coisaittes,.;- The three groups produced zero because faey vere fighting
over control -which in_ the nain vas UTiatainable. This must ba avoided in
the election. ' J.V ^--'-v^t^jio^v.--- ,-.: .<■;.:., . ■;^. ■" -■-■_ —
What is 'needed is ons -central • gnoup with power. '^ I thi n^ the field organization
-is it, if- it is given. control. over -soce positive things ,1^. I believe that J^
absolute control over, the icedia -is paranmuit. ■..As I state in the short pro -
. posal it .Eiust be used as leverage, -A coabination of leverage froa federal
assistance and utilization of osdia money will produce results. . ;
The selection of the person to head up tha organization (field) is critical
since he must be able to approach key Democrats vj.th sonie degree of facility.
I think Ed Sexton is a good can with Republicans and he can pull Democrats
by going though his Republican constituency. He has a strong foUoving
anong State Chairmen. To collapse that structure would be foolish. To avoid
that he should be on the field staff but not the head. I think Sd needs a
ho:^, and he has one where he is. He should retain his identification.
1 tiink you'll find I'm right on this.
Sinjcerely,
jactf^ Oravford
Ja:
President
8744
BLACK RS - gLSCnOIJ CA2-gAIGH EFFORT
I. Ob.iectives ■_
. •■-- The objective of tbe "Black. Re-elect the President Campaign"
effoirt aire to: - -J ; - ';•:;''
^"- ■ • Hold. Black vote received by the President in the I968 '• -', -
•Vr'V..* Attract enough additional Black voters to increase that.
'.^^;<'-^ total by eji additional 10-25^, ' - '' -, . ^ '.t:j<^^-
;-^>0;^::
. Ifeutralize a portion of the Black voters vhich cannot be-
von.over,_ This neutralization will be attecipted through-
a process of neutralizing Black leaders.";'; ^-"^ ■ -' rii'i^-^ -
Obtain iT;ayi.mn positive coverage "by news media in theVS?'
Hlack-'coniniurLities, ■'- ' ' X-.^^^x^^'--^'^'^^'-^'^'^'''"'''''''-^^^^^
without expandingi.its scope by contact, the Republicaji PsLrty and the
President will xeceive approximately the sarie 12^ Black vote which
they received in the 1968 campaign. In order to expand those figures
a naj or effort must be Eounted to go after real Black cocmunity leaders
for theijr support in the various target communities.- This means going,
after Black "heavywei^t" ... and this means in most cases going after
Black Desiocrats.^ -_ -- •, - r ^V- " ■ -^ -; ■ : 11 '^^Y^^a " ■
- ■ -'- This strategy is not as far fetched as it might at first ' v
sound- ' One must, realize that the biggest opposition that the Black
Democratic elected- of ficials must face in local elections are the "
regular. Democratic Party organizations (eg. Stokes Vs. the Cayahogo
Count^T'Democratic Organization, Hatcher Vs-;-the Lake County Democratic
Machine 'and Gibson Vs. the regular Democratic Organization in Newark,
II» ■:■' Recomaended Actions ~- -^' ' ' " '•■p:"^'" ' ■ \ ■ "'"^:' :'
■ .'"'-^ IJa order-'lxj obtaiirr the objective mentioned above two inter- •
related, activities are recomnened. These two efforts should in effect
be (1) tin organizing effort in the 20 target areas, jund (2) a media
effort concentrated in those same 20 target areas. These two primary
activities ifilJ, be coordinated by a national "Black Re-elect the President
Campaign Staff located in Washington and implemented by a field staff
of 20 locally based "ife,tional Representatives." Twenty is used here for
8745
purposes of clarity. I think that the demographics will snow that
csrtain cities are not of interest because the state does not have • '
a big influence on the electoral total. I^ should probably be cut to
eighteen, and "^one consideration given to the deep south.
in. ■ 'The 20 Cities Task Force ,/ . >, ,:•...-.:,■,-: ' ' ■•
. "-' 'The 20 "ife-tiocal Representatives" vill be located in the.,
targeted areas with the priaary mission of obtaining endorsecents -':
of Black, cocnunity Leaders who have clout within those conaunities. ■.
The leaders to be sougnt out for endorseisents are ;
^ ,'• Local Black Elected Off iciais.
• Major Black Organization Heads (i.e.. Local rRACP Chapters,
Golden League Chapx^rs, etc.)- - ^'^ -
.' ] « Other Black Organization Heads with large constituencies ^\
- ' (not necessarily ministers).
In order to obtain endorsements from these local Black leaders
who will in all probability be at least nooinal Democrats, some inducements
vfilL need to be offered. Tne inducements could be federal financisQ.
from" ^he normal grant-in-aid programs admiuistajred by HEW, EUD, OEO,
DOL, SBA., SBA., 0M33, and USDA..
:--'. :_: The locally based national representative (assisted by Black
representatives of the . various federal agencies) will be able to offer -
federal aid grant assistance to those leaders who are willing to endorse
the President or at least make positive statements concerning the higher
level of assistance currently being enjoyed by his institution under
this administration. - .
V Institutional and organizational heads who should be targeted
for this type of treatment would include :
- 1. The presidents of the 50 or so Black colleges.
2. Heads of local non-profit social service corporations.
3- Local heads of chapters for national Black organizations
especially those who are run by \'arious federally assisted
projects of would desire to run them.
1;-. Local Black elected officials.
5* SSA's section 8-A contractors.
This strategy is dependent upon that "i;ational Representative's"
ability to deliver federal aid grant assistance.
r/. Black Media Coverage %
The heart of the "Black Media Ca-npaign" is the use of paid political
ad'/ertising money to obtain prominent, and favorable coverage of significant
news releases which will be sent out from the national office. These news
8746
-3-
releases w^JLl acccnpariy "tne periodic paid political ad-vertisecents. The
S1.7.S of tae next ad (ana m effect xne rext adcsruisir^ fee) will oe
aictated by the coverage gi«en to the news releases.
J '
\ Tas "Black I-iedia Carrpaign" vill be used to facilitaxe:
i 'ij< 1, The telling of the Iiixon Arjpi n-st-^-atio'-' story relati"v-e
to assisting Elacks.
_^^^ a. 169 najoi' Black appoint ^r..o
b. Pronotion of I5 Hla_t Generals
c. Aid, to Blact co^murities
d. Aid to Black_ inst-'tL.tiors
- -_ 1)''0IC
'"■ ' ~ 2) TJrcan League
C^ "'■ -< '■c;3)— Elacti Colleges;, ^u^. ^^^ _ ^ ^r^.^-^ ^^
--l^/"^2.'' FoDlxcizing of endjorb^'-^^t'T of tne President by * ^ ^^'f^^''^
^sSrt" '^ prosLJisnt Black:; /-^-^ '^ ' *■ T "•-"' -Jf„^*— ^/ ""j
,3. Carry nevs of inajor ^ ■^iJ. fe'-ajit a^si tance res^oing
r frca the effo-ts of th» 23 cities tasi orce.
V. Carry natictal Ee;.s rele^s^s.
V, 5» Carry paid political c-u -^rtisir^.
^ ' .The inpljersrrtation of the "BlaCiC Ifedia Campaign" will be kicsea
off with a one day national ceeting to explain tne groucd rules to the
csdia representatives (i.e., local Black, nswapapers, local radio
stations broaxLcasting to Black audiences).
' The "Black Madia. Canpaign" funds will be pl£Lced m a Black bank
or banis (depending upon the aaaount) accompanied by maxxcxEi Black ccranmnity
ne^s coverage.
V. Organization of Staff
The activities descnoed above would require a saall natioial
staff to coordinate the activates of the 23 area representatives, co-
ordinate the media caapaign sjid enpiasize Black vjomsn's activities.
In audition tiers snould be a "vrnn^e House" representative who can
facilitate assore the delivery of federal grant-in-aid funds to
8747
leaders who endorse th.2 Prssident and the Administration's efforts to
inpro'/e the .lot of Blades. This liaisoc nan is charged with coordination
of the federal agency personell who are in turn charged with deteraimxg
assistance rreeaed by tea msitntion.
Tne sxa.ff would then consist of:
a Ifcitional Director
• Deputy Director ... Iledia Coordination
• Deputy Director Field Coordination
-'•;^^ • Deputy Director — ^/onpn's Affairs
^Z%. » White House Liaisons ... Agency representatives {HUD_,DOT, etc.)
~ • 20 locally based K-.tional R-prcsentatives
VI. Polling ^ -
One area of election inforiLation that deserves consideration is
polling. Polls among Black voters seea to ne to be essential. Yet, to
my knowledge it has not been done. The reason is probably obvious, for
10^ of the vote "wno_ needs it." It is importejit to really establish a
basis of media and local activist operations'. ' ;
■"■^^'^j.. A professional approach dictates that some effort be made to
determine (l) what among- Bleick voters is persuasive (2) what would
change their mind about the President and (3) how it should be stated.
The idea is to tell people what they want to heaj: if it benefits the
election process.-'
32-818 O- 74 -pt. 19 - 11
8748
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
WASHINGTON, DC. 20503
Exhibit 12
October 25, 1973
Mr. David Dorsen
Assistant Chief Counsel
Select Committee on Presidential
Campaign Activities
Room G-308 - NSOB
Washington, D. C. 20541
Dear Mr. Dorsen:
I have been asked to provide your committee with a list of
Departmental contacts we established in our plans for a "responsive-
ness" program. The names to the best of our recollection are as
follows:
ACTION
Joe Blatchford
Agriculture
Phil Campbell
Commerce
Jim Lynn
DOT
Jim Beggs
EEOC
Bill Oldaker
EPA
Bob Fri
GSA
Art Sampson
HEW
Dick Mastrangelo
HUD
Dick VanDusen
Interior
Bob Hitt
Justice
Dick Kleindienst
Labor
Larry Silberman
OEO
Phil Sanchez
SBA
Tom Kleppe
Treasury
Charls Walker
Please let me know if there is any other information you
need.
Sincerely,
^?teA^ ^/^*^4_.
Frederic V. Malek
Deputy Director
FVM:jl
8749
DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
WASHINGTON, DC 20220
October 26, 1973
Dear Mr. Hamilton:
This responds to your request for information
on offices used for contact by the undersigned
while serving as Special Assistant to the President.
In all instances my point of contact with the
Departments were the Office of Congressional Relations
or Office of Legislative Affairs. In addition to
those offices, I would list the offices on the
attached sheet as points of occasional contact. In
addition, of course, the respective offices of the
chief budgetary officer was a point of contact for
budget matters.
William L. Gifford
Mr. James Hamilton
Assistant Chief Counsel
Senate Select Committee on
Presidential Campaign Activities
Dirksen Senate Office Building
Washington, D. C. 20510
8750
Department of Commerce
Office of the Under Secretary (James Lynn)
Department of Health, Education and Welfare
Office of the Secretary (Elliott Richardson)
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of the Under Secretary (Richard Van Deusen)
Department of the Interior
Office of the Secretary (Rogers Morton)
Department of Transportation
Office of the Secretary (John Volpe)
8751
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington, DC 20520
October 25, 19 73
Dear Mr. Hamilton:
When we met last week, you asked for a listing of
contacts in each of the agencies with whom I met to
discuss the over-all objectives of the "Responsiveness
Programs. "
Office of Economic Opportunity; Phillip V.
Sanchez, Director
Environmental Protection Agency: William
Ruckelshaus, Administrator
Interior: Rogers Morton, Secretary; Robert
Hitt, Executive Assistant to the Secretary
ACTION: Joseph Blatchford, Director
Commerce: Peter G. Peterson, Secretary;
James Lynn, Under Secretary
Justice: Richard Kleindienst, Attorney General
General Services Administration: Arthur
Sampson, Administrator
Agriculture: Earl L. Butz, Secretary;
J. Phil Campbell, Under Secretai
Sincerely yo
Under Secreta^.
Stanton D. Anderson
Mr. James Hamilton,
Assistant Chief Counsel on the
Select Committee on Presidential
Campaign Activities,
Room G-308, New Senate Building,
Washington, D. C.
8752
Robb Davison ( by phone to Jim Hamilton Oct. 26, 1973)
List of contacts where Responsiveness was discussed.
DOL
Larry Silvermian
Dick Wise
■Undersecretary
Assistant to Undeirsec.
HUD
Dick Van Dusen
Dick Goldstien
Undersecretary
SBA
Tom Klept
Loren Richard
DOT
Jim Biggs (nothing, J.H.)
EEOC
Bill Oldaker
■Assistant to Brown
TREASURY Charles Walker
HEW
Richardson
Dick Mastrangelo
8753
John Clarke (from interview)
List of agencies contacted with Responsiveness
Program:
GSA Larry R«iush
GEO
Commerce
AMPE
State
PTC
FPC
8754
for ih^ R3-8i3cncn Exhibit 13
Of ins I rSSoC43nt WOI PENNSYIVANI* avenue, N.V/., V/ASHINGTON, D.C. 20006 1202) 333-'3920
November 14, 1972
MEMORAITOUM FOR BOB MARIK
FROM: ALEX ARMEMDARIZ
SUBJECT: CAMPAIGN REPORT
Attached please find the final report of the Spanish-speaking
campaign effort. As our field reports are still coming in,
the states reports are still incomplete in some areas.
Complete election outcome figures v/ill also be forthcoming
as soon as analyses are complete.
8755
Ihoro .'j:k- 10.(. !niliir:n Spniii;,li-ripc'a'a!!;; pr-ople rofudina in the: United
Sf.iLe.-; today, repro3r;ntl:i.g a'joul: 5.6 pc. c^-r.:. of Lhy tofnl nciticiual. pupii-
' nioij^roups :
Toi: a 0.'(.T li, yc:n-s cJ aoe
M'---.icG". Ani'-ric.-in 5.8 rail Lion 2.8 nillxon
Puerro Ki.can 1.7 mjiljon 0.8 millior.
Cvibau 0.7 million O.A million
Crher (/'jZ iisxican Arn.ei- ic.nn) 2.1 million 1.3 Million
Total lO.TTXlTioTi" 5.6" wTllion
jj'jcr.use oE the he torog.-neil:}' of tht; Sp.-'.nish-spoakinj; population, the
specific ciuractorisCics oi each j;ub<;roi.ip \.'ero slgiiifiranc to the clcivelop-
i.!--i.t of tlie ;;pa:iish-;;pcak:ing caiiipaigu r^Lratc.-.y .
Mr.Kican A'^urican.s : 'i'iie Mexican Anarjcar. jiopulation ol th'j InLtod
Si.atcj numb-.':; iii: least i.c^j.-a i.iillioa parson:>. Eighty pcTc^-nc ol' tliis
f;r:iup resides in California, To-xas, lilino::.-., and K'"--/ Ki'xico — statoc uitii
an a!-.!;-";;-^tn <■( 101 electoral votcfi.
11 is riiiiportant to iiote that llaxican A:u5rica.ir. di.frir ;',roatly along
cl;;r.;. .lines. Middle iacou'e Hi^xlcan Areecicaas ('iO pori;cnt) ha.'/e succc'sa-
iiilly crossed the laaj;..iai;a barrier and have- von reaf;onahly r.ecure. pla.-c.-^
in the econo.-^y au blue and '.-diitc coll.-ir i.-orhors. Tho. virban poor- (50 percoat)
are not yot Kocurely tied into tha econony and generally tulfer froTn high
uuepploynent rates, languag-a dif f icjltici.; a'ld a lesser degree of cultural
asfiiMil ation .
In I'Oth lo-a.-. and Cal irorn ia, tbs rui:-.ba..- of Mexlcir". A'vErucans cy.eceAs
the ni.'ii'.ber of blacks, yet they h.ive been i£:\ored as ;■ political force ULitil
■'•All popa.latioa di'.i ]-t:^-::-' a: Iv70 ('■■ ; ■.n'~. fi'i.|-^:..
8756
rorc-ntly. The M-xican AniCL-icau vote is Gtrongly I)cr;ocr.-itic , as the
CollovunK figures from the Institute of American Research ii<dicat«:
1960 85 percent John F .■ Kennedy 15 pt-rcent i.icliarci iiixon
1964 90 percent Lyndon B. Johnson 10 percent Harry Goldv/ater
1963 B7 percent Hubert lluiuphrey 10 percent Richard K L.-:o!i
Since 1968, tliere has been a noticeable trend tov/ard the President,'
priaarily because of disenchantment v.'ith the lack of _attention from
Den-.ocrats.
Puerto Ricans: The 1.7 million Puerto Ricans residing in the main-
land United States today are concentrated in the key urban centers of
New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut.
Puerto Ricans divide into tv.-o incor.ie group? — the relatively small
middle class (30 percent), and the larger group of urban poor (70 percent).
Low income Puerto Ricans are generally nev7 arrivals V7ith considerable
language difficulties, hif'.h unemployment and welfare rates, and a lesser
degree of cultural assimilation.
Like the Mexican /vmerican, the Puerto Uican vote has also been very
heavily Dcinocrat . The President received about 20 percent of the Puerto
Ricati vote in 196S, and Buckley received only 6 percent of ttieir votes
in ].970. Some ■Republicans have done veil with this com-iuriity , hov/ever;
Rockefeller received 36 percent of the Puerto Rican vote in 1970.
Cubans: An estimated 700,000 Cubans reside in the United States
today. The largest population concentration is in Florida, v;ith about
400,000 residents. 300,000 of these reside in Dade County aione.
As recent arrivals, most Cubans are not citizens and are thus ineli-
gible to vote. V;liile the Cuban vote is not a key to the President's
success, he has done very well with this group in the past, receiving about
8757
75 percent of the eligible Cuban votes in Dado County in 1968.
Conr.lusion.s : On the basis of cicnographic data and re] iablc survey
information, severnl broad conclusions were drai.ni v;hicli served as the
foundation of the Spanish-spaaking campaign strategy.
a. Spaniyh-speaking teericans are a significant voting bloc in
the five key states of California, Texas, Illinois, New York, and Nev; Jersey.
b. The Spanish-speaking cocimunity is highly segmented, divided into
three general groups — Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricanr. , and Cubans.
Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans are further segmented along class or
income lines.
c. Spanish-speaking Americans are less v;ell educated than most
Americans, and carry a strong cultural heritage, characterized by strong
family ties and Catholic tradition.
d. Participation by the Spanish-speaking in the political process in
most areas of the nation has been minimal, principally liecause of the
language difficulties and lack of assimilation. Tlie increasing disillusitia-
laent from the inattention from the llemocrats is conducive to a strong
response frcn Republican attention.
e. Tlie President has an acceptable record on issues of interest to
this group, and it is better than any previous President's. This record
Is more in tune v;ith the goals and values of the middle class than with
the urban poor.
8758
CAMFAict; STiarr^cY
The goal o£ the 1972 campaign for the SpaaisVi-spaaking vote was
sLraightforward — to swing traditionally Uepocratic votes to the President
with er.phar.is in states \;here this voter bloc v.-as a key factor. The
prinary approach for achieving this goal v/as to publicize the President's
concern and comniitment for the advancement of the Spanisli-speaking.
To achieve these campaign goals, the follo'./ing strategies were
developed and implemented:
1. Campaign efforts were concentrated in the fiv>j key" states of
California, Texas, Ke\; York, Illinois, and Ucw Jersey, and in the 41 key
counties within these states.
2. All available r.ieans were to be utilized to publicize the President 't
record in tlie Spanish-speaking cormunity. This publicity emphasized the
President's concern for this group's special problems, av.d his commitment
to see these problems addressed. A media campaign V7as developed to
concentrate on key Issues in target areas.
3. Voter persuasion efforts v;ere directed primarily to the Spanish-
speaking middle class and some urban poor populations. No specific appeal
V73S directed to the rural migrant populations or to the Cubans.
4. Voting for the President rather than the Republican Party was
stressed. A.s most Spanish-speaking are. traditional Democrats, the Presideiit'
record and issues were not stated in blatantly party terms.
5. The incup.bancy v.".s utili^^ed to the greatest advantage as possible
through appointments, grants, accelerated program implementation, and
publicity of Administration programs through the Federal department and
agencies.
8759
6. A strong field effort was nade to reach the individual Spanish-
speaking votc-r on a perGon^^l level throu^^h volunteer recruitment, direct
nail, distribution of literature, and sufioj;ate activities.
8760
MATTONAl, CONVF.NT.-QN
The c'.riiiaign pli'n called for laaximmn p.irtJ oipaLioa and visibility
of Spaaic-:Ii-r.nc:akiiig dele;;aUes, alternatives and other convention
participant fi in the various aspects of convention activity. It was our
intent to dL-.":oni,trato to tlie Sp^-'.nisli-speaking community that the Repub-
lican party liad erfo raced the Spanish-speaking as welco'iied participants.
A total of 56 Spanish-surnaced delegates and alternates attended the
convention in Miami. This figure vjas wore than double the 1968 figure of
24, and far exceeded the 1964 roster of only 7 Spanish-speaking delegates.
V.'hile this progress is commendable, it F.ust he acknowledged that the figure
included I'lany delegates and alternatives from Puerto Rico and Guam. As
such, it is considerably inflated and is a poor index of ac;tujl Spanish-
speaking strength. Representation Irom key states v;as poorer than
anticipated, with only five delegates fron California, one from Texas, and
one from ]ie\,- York. Ucv Mexico, v.'ith a population which is 'iS percent
Spanish-speaking, had only one Sp;inish-surnan-.ed delegate.
A strotig effort v/as ii'.ade to enlist Spanish-spenking ii.:ir ticipation in
the highly visible nationally televised convention events. V.'hilc .<~,everal
of our suggestions failed, the following events were conducted by Spanisli-
1. Op.a'.ing invocation by I'ather Orlando Espin, a Cuban I'ricst.
2. Pledge of allegienco by Delia Cnrabajal from the P^epublicall
Her ti age Croup.
3. Seconding speech by Representative Manual Lujan, Jr.
In addition to scheduled convention activities, the Spanish-speaking
Division ho.:ted several additional convention activities for the Spanish-
8761
speaking delegates, youth, and otlier participants. These iaclucl'jd
campaign brjefings, receptions, and rallys. The Cu'jan c<i:.,.nunity in
lUarai joined forces with the Youth for the President and generated
nearly 5,000 persons for the rally in the local stadiu.^i.
A Spanish-speaking caucus and press conference were anticipated
as the- big r?dia events for our group. The Sp^nish-speak3■ng caucur. -i/as
to be followed by a news conference underscoring acceptance of the
Spanish-speaking plank and support for the President. Unfortunately,
both the Caucus and the Press conferen. e v;ere preempted by a V.Tiite
House schedule of Presidential surrogates, v;hich reduced the event to
soTaethlng rese;;ibling a high school lecture on tlie rriarits of the PresideiJt.
The situation created severe problems avaong our Puerto Ricnn and Cuban
participants, who had cor;e expecting to air specific grievances and
problems wliich they hoped to settle before the press conference. Neither
the caucus nor the press confe.-encc took place, and the remainder of the
convention ticie was spent ironing out the difficulties among the various
waring factions.
The most outstanding disappointment of the convention was the
Spanish-speaking plank. Tlie Spauish Speaking Division had liad considerable
input into the testimonies before the Platform CoiPiinittee regarding Spanish-
speaking issues. Although a recoir.rp.ended plank was accepted and approved
by the l.'hite House, the final plank was vague, vacuous, and irrelevant to
the primary Spanish-speaking issues and concerns. The on].y merit of
the plank was th=it it did separate the Spanish-speaking from the overall
"Minority" category. This was an accomplishment vje had beer, striving
toward for so:ie tine. '
8762
VOTER PKRSUASTOM
The objc-ctive of the advertising cauvpaign was to coirinuuicate the
President's record of achievement to the Spanish-speaking community.
Cur priv.ary targets v;ero Mexican Americans (in California, Te::as, and
Illinois) and Puerto Ricans (in Mew York, K;w Jersey, and Illinois). The
style and content of all advertising vj?,re directed pricarily to middle
income voters, \7ith secondary enphasis on the urban poor population.
No concentrated attempt was ir.ade to solicit either the Cuban or the
rural migrant vote through advertising.
The strategy behind all Spanish-speaking advertising was to depict
the President as a man v/ho cares about the continued advancement of
Spanish-speakinf, ^teericans. He was depicted as a man with a coi':mltment
and a solid record of accor.plisr.ments to prove it. An effort \;as made
to bring the President to the people, to make him real, to dcuionstrate
his concern and interest.
The tone of promotional items v/as kept positive. The Spanish-speak-
ing were depicted as a dignified and respected group of people who desired
to help thei.iselves . Negative cliches such as "language barrier",
"second class citizen", and "disadvantaged minority" were avoided. The
positive aspects of Spanish-speaking culture were acknowledged, such as
the strong religious and family tics, patriotism, and respect for law
and traditional /iii'.erican values. ^k)st iipportant, every effort was m.i.de
to avoid lur^ping the Spanish-speaking iierson into the general "r-.inority"
stereotype, in deference to the considerable black-brown animosity which
is prevalent in many Spanish-speaking communities.
8763
Fron-.oMoa: The Novc-i:;ber Group provjdc-d excellent as^r.Lslr.nre in
thd prcpcn:,-. t Joa of pro'.'^ot: ion.il p.at'crials which vjere consli:Ccnt; v.-ith our
cav'.paign strn.'cur\y. Various promotional items such as button^i, banners,
posters, and brochures wcro produced throuj;h the Nover-.ber Group.
The only national advertising in periodicals v.'as an insert in
"Sc-lecciunes", the Spanish language edition ol the Readers D Ij^est . This
ad effectively capsulized ths President's record in the key areas of
education, appointments, housing, health, economic opportunities, and
drugs. In view of the extremely reasonable cost of reprinting this
ad, the decision was made to convert the insert into our niain].ine
brochure. Of the r.iillion reprints purchased, 700,000 \/erc in English
and distributed in the Southwest to Mexican American coiiimunities. The
renaining 300,000 were translated into Spanish and distributed in
predominately Puerto Rican communities in tb.e East Coast. To accom-
i.iclate the Puerto Ricaii audience, the names of Puerto Rican appointees
v/ere substituted for the Mexican American names in the translated version
used in the East coast.
The final promotional budget included funds for television and radio
corr;ericals in Ca.llfornia only. In view of the relatively specific
nedia appi-nl required, Cervera Inteinnt ionaj, a Los Angeles Mexican fe-.erican
t'edia consultant firm, was contracted to direct tha prcdu-;tion of television
.ind radio co^-'.jvcials . Three cxcellc'nt Spanish language television
cc-:-?rcXals v/ere produced, focusing on bilingual education, job opportunities,
and Presidi^ntal appointees. These coiiimercials effectively communicated
our nessage to Spanish-fjpeaking corp?!unities in California beginning the
fjrst v;eek in October. '
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 12
8764
In adilllion to toJevision, five 60-second Spanish language radio
spots v.'ero cilso aired in Caliiornin. Hhil^ radio and television woi'ld
have bec-n invaliialjle in Texas, Illinois, nad Kcw York, media allocation
decisions precluded advertising in these states. During the last three
i.-eeks of the campais", hovjever, policy changes provided the opportunity
to approach local funding sources for adverCisinr-.. At the request of
Governor RocUefeller , two 90-second radio spots in Spanish were produced
for Kew York and aired the last tv.-o weeks of th.e campaign. Texas,
Arizona, Illinois, and Pennsylvania all aired Spanish language radio
advertisements v;hich v.'ere financed through local sources.
Spanish-speaking Speakers' Bureau: Tlie Spanish-speaking Speakers'
Bureau was regarded at the onset as one of the potentially most effective
tools for selling the President's record to the Hispanic couicunity. As
Director of the Bureau, VTliite House Consultant Tony Rodriguez assiur.ed the
responsibil i Ly of generating and coordinating events in key areas, and
of providing political direction and iissistance to the surrogates and
their staffs.
Those surrogates v;ho '.'ere exempt fron' the provisions of the Hatch
Act concentrated on key counties and states, taking advant.ige of their
flexibility for the strongest ip\pact messages. Those covered by the Act
were expectt'd to support the President in an offical capacity by speaking
to community and service organizations .about the accomplisluuents of tr.cir
agencies for tlie Spanirdi-speaking under the President's leadership. All
surrogates \,'ere encouraged to schedule radio and television appearances
and interviews.
The foi:r primary Spanish-speaking surrogates \Jore:
Phillip V. Sanchez, Director of the Office of i^conoialc Opportvnity
8765
Carlos Villarrcnl, AJTinlstrator , Urban Mass Transportation
Adniin LstraUion , Dcpar Linen t of Tran;;portation
Henry H. Ranircy,, Chairnan, Cabinet Conmiittee on Opportunj tier,
for Spanish Siieakiu^ People
Ronana A. I'.anuelos, United Stater, Treasurer.
At the regional level, the most active and successful surroj^ates were
Fernando E.C. de Baca, )Je,^;ional Director (San Francisco) of Health,
Education, and VJelfarc; and Gil Hontano, Regional Director (San
Francisco) of the Small Business Administration.
Speech materials and posic.'.on papers were developed by the Spanish-
speaking Division of tlie Counittce for the Re-election of the President
for the use of the surrogates. Clippings and speeches were constantly
monitored for political effectiveness and political briefings v;ere
conducted for each surrogate and his public affairs staff.
In spite of considerable planning and effort, the Spanlfih-spealcJng
Speakers' Bureau v.'as a disappointment. After several months of stumping,
surrogates rei:\-n'ned virtually unknown in key states and counties. I-lany
of their events \:cvg politically insignificant, and speech analyr.es
indicated that tliey were not focusing enough attention on Administration
accomplisVirr.ents. V^ith the exception of Henry Ramirez and Phillip Sanchez
who generally hit target audiences and generated excellent ni^dia
coverage, the Speakers' Bureau was not directing the surrogates properly
in support of the President.
The ineffectiveness of the Speakers' Bureau was largely the resi.ilt
of poor communication and coordination between the canrpaign, the Spea';ers'
Bureau, and the surrogates. The Bureau could not provide the administrative
authority necessary to direct a program of this size. Consequently, tlie
surrogates were not al\.'ays cooperative, and their staffs were lax in
8766
si-i'.ding itineraries, inLoriiiatiou about developing events, and i7i
checking the political advisability oT an event before accepting
invitations.
Tn retrospect, it -is appTreut that the Speakers' llareau should
heva been thc' total respoasibility o-C the caippai^n coni-nitti^e, rather
thnn of the VJhite House. As part of the campaign, the political
activities of the surrosates uould have been ii:onitorcd and controlled
on a day to day basis, \7hereas it is difficult for Vlhite House personnel
to devote the titie necessary to coordinate the surrogate program
effectively. The Wnite House direction was not adequate to convey the
Spanish-speaking campaign strategy and to excercise the necessary
discipline and political direction to the surrogates.
Spanish-r.neakin'?. Celebrity Cor'r'.ittce: The original catnjiaign pl.'.^n
called for a conu.iittea of Spanich-spaaking celebrities and other vjell-
knov/n per.^^on ilities vhich v;ould recruit support and publicity for the
President. J r was Piigf'ested that thc chajrnan of this comniitLea v/ould
be a famous j 'vsonality such as Leo Trevino \iho v;oiiTJ 1>e an iriiiTiediatO-
draw for the press. The Chairmen vrould thus become an articulate and
visible frout.ikin or spokcman for the Spanish.-speakiug car^paign.
The decision to form the committee was made in mid-Septcinber . Since
v.'e V7ere unable to attract a nationally knov;,i personality to Chair the
Conunittee, Ed Hidalgo, Special Assistant to the Director of the U.S.
Inforraation Aj.ency vras appointed as a working chairman. Through Ed
Hidalgo efforts, a total of 30 persons becair:e members of the coi-^aittce
by agreeing lo jiublically endorse the President. Tlie nembersliip included
nearly every professional area from education, science, and medicine
to cutcrtainiasnt and sports. The best-know members v.-ere .'vnthony Quinn
8767
and tennis pro Chichi Rodi'j c-i'-Sz.
KliLla the. conniittcc war: intended to b'j on] y a C Lcurehcad , thct
cndorj-jnent of Anthony Quxnh sparked an effoi't to ceuoratc further
publicity Tor the conuaittec . Lo;.',istical projier.is prevented a picture
ta^iins aeasion vith Mr. Quinn and the Presidc>.nt, which v.-ould have had
a strong iinpact aiv.ong Tiexican American voters i;i the Soutliv;est.
Spanish-Speaking Southwest Tour: A five-day intensive tour of
five Southwestern states ti-^ !■: pLicc on October 16-21. b}' several major
Spanish-spealcing surrogates. 'iMe tour participants v;ere Phillip Sanchei;,
Rornana Banualos, Carlos Villarrea], Lita Baron, and Ed Hida]£,o.
The idea for such a project was developed by Toe. Reed, Southwest
Coordinator for the Re-election Committee, to briuf'. Span. i.sh-sp-;;aking
pujlicity to has area. 'ilie tour was organized and advanced vjlt'n the
Spanish-speaV-ing Division'.'; field people, \.'ith ar.sj'.taucc fioin the
Co:n;:iittOf- for the Re-elc'Ctioa of the President Scheduliuc; Office. Tlie
five, surrogates n.ade stop.T in Texas, Ari;;ona, Colorado, and tiew Mexico.
The consensus of the surrogates themselves was tliat the tour was
only r.nderately successful as a campaign tool for the re-election of
the President. The cro'.yds \;erc smaller than expected in -.ii.ost cities,
alth.ough the press coverage was generally satisfactory.
From th.a political standpoint, the primary shortcoming of tbe tour
\.as Liiat the i.'.ajority of cities and states visited \.-ero not key campaign
ar»a3. The question still remains v;hether the time of our field people
and key surrogates could have been spent to greater advantage in other
areas. Furtlierr'.ore, the cuiiiulative impact of a series of individual
events well r.dvaaced by the surrogate's ov.m staffs might have geen greater
thnn a single group tour.
8768
Direct :-lriil: The Direct Mail operation ior the Sp.miyh-speakin.g
voter v:as ti!,;tcd iu tlie California primary, using litoraMire especially
tlpveloped for S;)anisli-spi^al:ing tart;eL coirtr.unj.lica.
Tn the rational ca:;!paigu, direct mail letters v;cre wailed 'during
the {ir;;t vietk in October to middle incoi.'.a Spanish-speaking homes in
Los An;;ales and Cook Countjcs. The Illinois riailiugo v/ere scmt to all
Sptinish auraauieJ Kepulilicans and Dzinocrats, v;hile CaliCornia letters
v;ent to Democrats only, in viev; cf the minimal Republican registration.
In tlie final analysis, tlie direct nail operation v:as considerably
less effective than it s'.iould have been. The specific requireinents in
content created innumljerabl e problems with tlie direct mail operation.
Each letter \/int through many drafts and redrafts in an attempt to make
them consistent v/ith the overall Spanish-siieaking campaign strategy.
In spite of the many revisions, the response from the Spanish-speak
ing field operation indicated t)iat the letters vcre off target and
lacked proper style. The considerable confusion, duplication of effort
and unneces:iary compro'inise could have been avoided had the Spanish-speak
ing division had more control over the preparation of direct mail to
its own constituency.
8769
VOXKU JDi'.MTT.FICAi J:.: "
The orj'ji'.ial Spaiiisli-;;pcaking ca-.paign plan included a project to
obtain oi'.e iiLllioi; Spnni;jh Kurnauied i;igiiatures cndorsiiir, the Prp-sid,,! t ' s
record. St vas anticipated that f;uch a project v.'Ould oorve th.e f olJo-./irig
usaful function:.:
1. Identify and contact target votcra.
2. Pri.';xde a self-starting package for the rocrnitment of
voluntecirs.
3. Convey the President's record to Spaniph-3pc:ahing coT.munitics.
An une-ijectod delay in the preparation of our Spaniyh-Sjieaking
brochure and the grapliic design of the petition itself created organizational
problems fo.r the project. To cope with the urgency to begin organizing
an e:;tensivo vol imtear organization in the states, the petition project
was converted into a sliort-term volunteer H-O tivation and recruitment drive.
Identification cards v;crc printed and distril)utcd to the various Spanish-
speaking state organizations, llri s project lasted from the latter part
of July through Labor Da.y. The ambitious goal of tlic drive v/as ?5,000
Spaaish-speal;ing voluntoej-s. In reality about 8,000 cards. Vere retiirned
to national r.eadquarters.
Tlie day after Labor Day, the original petition project; was initiated
natior;wide. The petition itsell" v;as a clever graphic item obtained
through the volunteer services of a local Spanish-speaking graphic designer.
T!ie petition included a brief sun-onary of the President's accop^plisliur-^nts
on key Spanish-speaking issues such as education, en.ployruent , and health
care. Petitions were mailed in massive quantities to our state organizations.
In addition, individual petitions were mailed to our identified volunteers
and various constituency lists. A full-tiraa volunteer v;as assigned the
8770
responsibility of monitoriiig Lht; nicseininp.tio.i of petitions 1;o the
states and tlieir rejrurn.
Both Llia volunteer drive and petition project v.'erc only marginal
successes. The Spanish-speahing state chairmen could never be raotlvatt
enough to place sufficient euipliasis on the acquisition of signatures.
VJhile vje never anticipated obLaXninr; the nillion sign^iture goal, the
petition played a n;ajor role in the area of voter identification. The
final phase of this project vjas contacting the petition signers in all
states to get tlie.-i to the polls on election day.
8771
!'!?'■_ OVFOSIT [ON
Camni^lr'^u Orf.an j.zntloi'. : In spiLe oT all the pL'omi.scs made concern-
ing minority roprcsc-atatifm , Senator McCovern failed to effectively
incorporare the Spanish -.speaking into Viis ovm campaign staff.
On July 17, he called ti'.e Spaniah-speaking division of the l)e.:ioe)-aUic
national Corjnittee a "ghetto" and proceed;;d to abolish it, firJng Director
Polly l!a:a Karrigan. Upon learning that Mrs. liarrigan threatened a
public condemnation of these activities, she was offered a job as Deputy
Director of the Committee. She quit rather than accept the offer.
The departure of Kat Chavira as McGovern's Spanish-speaking campaign
director v.'as the epitorr.e of the McCovern failure to incorporate SpanLsh-
FpsaUing into his caifpaign. Chavira vjas th.e person v.'ho had been credited
with organiziii!', t'ae effective Mexican Aitierican campaign for McCovern
during the California primary. A weirorandum from Ch.avira to Frank
Mankewicz received l)y this office coiiplained liitterly that little cooperati
had been forthcoming from the Anglo ricGovern leadership: "With the
e>:ception of the last tv/o weeks of tlie (primary) campaign in California
when he needed us and vje delivered, the senator has not made any remarks
or personal efforts to shov? his concern or even interest in the Mexican
Ar.^erican people."
"Unidos con Nixon" was the final form of the Democratic campaign
effort for the Spanish-s^^eaking. The- final structure at the Dor::ocratic
National Co.T.riittee va=, a three man structure vjith a Director, a National
Chicane coordinator, and a National Boricua coordinator. This group v;as
a classical example of too little, too late. It made little impact on
the Spanish -speaking communLty nationally.
8772
UNingj KAKM i-;o:ii^.:"': ' I.ETTUCH iSOyCOiT: :;cCov^r;-i';: natlc:v!l Si)anl?;h-
ypeakiny c;::r.i\-iign v/a:; p,ac-ncTC(l fro.n t.iic! tactic.--: :Li:ipl;-r,Lantad in tb.fj
succes£;ful California priniiry. Tlui or.Iy v;ay McCovc-ra couj.il wake inroacl;;
into llii-.v'ii'-'y 's struiv^ M-^>:ic;an /^-.i3rlcan t;'.ipport vraa to ally Iiir.Vielf
with Cesfr Ciiavez and the lettuce boycott, i'arm v7orkers v;e.re drivon to
tlic polls not o.ily for tliurr votes, hut f.^i the visilile c;;ploitatiGn
of an tn.otionfil i;;su5. The lettuc^^ boycott publicity it ttii2 Democratic
National Convention ctrangthenod reliance or t'".is issue.
The problems gcinerated by the KcGovarn position oa this issue v;ere
i.ultiple. A'lide from driving the pov.\srful California grovcirs JJecurcly
into tlie SiMon's C3iiip, this strate;^y exacerbated !iis ii.ui£',e as a candidate
who iaentified v/.i th radical issues and j^roups rather than the r.ore
conservative Spanif;h-i;peakjng r.^jority outlook. In addition, ticCovern
apparently Jailed to realize that only eight percent of the liexican
Americans in the SouC'i'.vest are ni(;rants. \.'aile low income and riii.d<lle
class Mexican Ar.i.rrj cans were generally syi' naclietic l;o the farm workers
Movement, they were r.ore influenced by other issues, sac'ri as education,
criiTie, drugs, etc. The farm x/orker position by itself vjas not enough
to influence Mexican Aihericaa voters.
C/JrPAT.C';! fkUMISES : McCovern received wide favorable publicity
through Ills p,-op.ise to appoint a "Chicane" to his Cabinet and no othir
high Federal positions. This stater.'ent added fuel to the charges of
"tokenis;:i" and "windowdressing" frequently hurled at the Ilixon appointees.
The Gtroagost anti-Nixon statement was cuoted in Ui'I April 3rd:
"All it would take is a stroke of tlie pen (to provide ''ijOCO jobs tor
Mexican /j-.'cricans) ... yet ti-.e President hir. yet to pick up his pen."
8773
Eo:-n thcGe '.Liitrment^ helpod !!cGovei:n's stature, anoiig Mexic;m AtKC'rj.c.-ius
£or a short v'lilc. Once lio v/aa 1 orccd to abaiidou hir. EitrouR pio-quota
position, Kovver, thi-r.^ xrrosponrjib] c rcinark;; vert-, vi'-.cod au further
examples oT v.-ild McGovtirn campaign promlsc->s.
8774
LA FA7.A u;rjnA
La r.a;'.a Unida played a viable rol.o as a third party for iiip j'irr.t
time in tliLs elccticn. Koupdod. in the .lato 3960';; by Jose Angel
Gutierrez, La Raza Unida surprised Texas politics in 1970 by t-?king over
local government and school board of Crysta], City.
The f.oal of La Rax.a UnivJa v.'as to siphon off enouj'.h De.nocrat votes
to achio.ve greater bargaining pc-er v;ith the t\;o I'ajor parties. At
the National Convention, held September l-'t in El raf3o, Joae Angel
Gutierrez was elected National Party Chairman. His ^jide victory over
Cor!-y Gon;:a]ez \.'3s interpreted by wany as a statci;u=-nt of support for
Gutierrez' "balance of pov;er" strategy over Gonzalez' more radical and
militant leadership style.
As the Raza Unida corivenlion endorsed r,o candidate for President,
it \jas clearly to tiie advant.:-,e of the GOJ' to attempt to maintain the
neutrality of this group. A '/.avala County health gj-ant became a
controversi.al issue despite the fact that this Adninintration overj'ode
the veto of Governor S-nith. To placate irate P-asa Unida leaders,
overtures ■..■ere nade to assist them by (■xprcssiug interest in grants of
interest to thoa.
The balance of power strategy worked reasonably v.'ell in the
Gubernatorial race in Te::as. La Raza Unida candidate Ramsey tluniz
received appro;:ii?,i tely six percent of the vote, putting Grovcr within a
r.ers four percenL of Democrat PN-ilph Jjrjscue. Thus, liu.iiz dvoM enough votej
ironi Briscoe to make Briscoe tha first governor in 78 years elected with
less than a majority of the popular \-otc.
Raza Unida candidates faired poorly in the party's other four state
races, polling only about two percent of rlieVote. Tlie party fielded a
8775
c!ci:icn lo^-, i:;la!:iv.-> candidate:; and althoi'.ali ccvoral ran siromj, races,
none of l!u\.'. v.'on. Tlio party did elect about a dozen cnnd j/.U' tp'j to
county officer., iv.o-jt of theci in Zavala and La Salic countie;; iu .south
Texas, where th.2 party has been ctrong since 1970.
8776
NAiJOKA f. iiT.s I'AMXC V / ::a::cf. co: -it/it fJL
Sp.iuiuli-.spar.Iciap, A.T.or ican:; particip '.Ccd in ihe fj.nancxal support
of th'-- )!r.-;u;bl.ic.-'n I'ron jrlcnt jal cv-iinpaian taiu year for the firsu tiire.
Uiiclcr vhf direction of Bciiju'.r'j'.'i Ferna-ule:;. the KiiLional ll-iopai'.Lc Finance
Con'.Kiittef-- v.'a;; forr.ed aiicl rnnounccj as itu goal the collection cf one
million dollars fror. Spanish-Bpcal^ing contributors. Bcoining in May,
the irUrC sponsoj-ed r. tories of \- ^-ll-p'jblicizcd $100 and $l,000-a-plate
dinners and other expensive extravaganzas across the country.
V?iiile Lbe intent of the KHP'C is laudable, the fund-raising activities
of this ori;ani::atior. were in nany waj's detrimental tu the objectives of
the Spa.iisb-speakln;-; campaign. Clippings and field reports i.iade it
increasingly obvious that these elaborate affairs hurt the President's
ipiage by reinforcing the Republican stereotype of the party of the rich
and pov.-erCul elite.
The excluojonary a.v.pect of tliese events created considerabl-.-
animosity anong many coininunity people, 60 percent of \']ior:i are not i.ienilier;;
of the n;iJdle class. Tlic votes generated axong the affluent few vere
totally Oier^-.hado'.ved by the negative ircntal ir.age in tlie minds of the
majority of Spanish-speaking voters.
In the last v/eeks of tiie carapaign a major effort was made to de-
emphasize trie expensive dinners in favor of inexpensive $15 and $25
events \;';Ich alloved i:,nre participation. It is strongly enc-ouraged that
this strategy be continued in forthcoming caiiipaigas.
8777
Ti'-S ;;pnnij;h-sps;iU iiig Division oi: t:'n£i CoTnmltLGo fur Llic Uc--c!l cction
oi tlio l'ro=;idonl; \ras larger tlinu wost voter bloc f'.roiips, with a ytafC of
six profc.f; ; ion.ila and one socrcl;!ry. Tl-.c- role::; and rcs-xiuslbilitic^;; o£
ctai'j: Rcirb.^rs v.-erc. dividr-d as Eollrnjs:
1. Director, Spr.uif;h-si>(jaklng Division.
2. Ali;,i:iii;trativc Asiiir-tar.t - Coimnunications.
- 3. Di-rccCor of Research and Issue Develop?ient .
A. Director of Field Operations - eir.phasis on Nev Yorlc, Kev;
Jcrr.ey, and Florida.
5. Southv,-est Fialdran - emphasis on California.
6. Southwest Field'.voinan - omphatixE on Texas and Illinois.
7. -'Secretary.
In addition to this national staff, each key state had its ov7ii ,
Spaninh-sper.lring or^'.anization covered under tlie state hndf.cls. The
Spanish-sptai'.ing Division also utilized the resources of several
dedicated f ull-tUne volunteers v/ho assuMed full staff responsibilities.
The original ca;.'.paign staffing plan called for a Puerto Ri'can fieldman
to work exclusively in the states of New Yori;, IJcu Jersey and Illinois.
Bndgetary lirntations precluded the hiring of this fiel<lnan, whose
services \.-ould have been o^ great lielp in these key states.
8778
AHALYSIS AIsT) R!XO>r-!.:':DATIOXr;
There are. misLakr^s •i\i:icla .in every criTpaiga, and t'na Spanl;:h spenkin^
effort is not exception. Using hindsight as a euide, the fo3.1owing section
is a candid ac.sc-s';r,ient of the iii-^ijor problc;n areas and rccorr.iTiended methods
by which they tiay be avoided ia futurf: caiT!pai;;ns .
c/j-ipaig;; staffing
Mo canipaign director ever feels he has a large cnongh staff. VJliile the
Spanish spiia'.ciug campaign staff was larger than tliose of most other voter blocs
our extensive field orgai^i'iation required additional fioldmen for thorougVi
organisation in key states.
The Spanish speaking division's three fioldmen organi/;od in five majoi"
states as veil as several smaller states. A full-tine person vas a necessity
in California. A second field person divided her tii;ia between 'L'exas and
Illinois, which created obvious lo-isrical problems. The Director of I'icld
Operations vjas responsible for \\c\-i York, >!ev; Jersey, Florida and several
smaller Eastern States. His multiple responsibilities prevented him from
adequately coordinating the entire field oor-ration fro;n Washington, as he
intended to do. Fur therrore, two of our three field people were pulled froiu
their states in the last critical v.ionths of the ca'npaign to work with the
telephone and COTV effort.
Ideally, staffing sl'.ould begin one full year bcfor!! ejection. The first
staffers sb.ould be tb.e Spanish speaking Canpaign Director, a p'-of essional
Researcher and a Communication Expert. Tin's group would combine their talents
8779
to systematically r(ji>r-,irc.h the issues, tlcEino the caiiip.Tij.n stratogy, doforii'ln
the l'residc;;i;; 's record and prepare a t'.ioi'j'.litlul cainpait'.n plan.
Iiuligcnous field people should b.-" hired about six months before' the
election. A thorour;h field organization requires tv70 Mcxican-AjTiericans in tb
Southwestern States, one Kexican-Zijnerican in the Midwest and one or two I'uert
Ricans to organize Chicago ar.d the Eastern States. It sliould be noted that
field people need not be experienced — it is often more desirable to train
them psrsonally.
The staffing procedure described above would be conducive to optimum
results by providing adequate tine for advance campaign preparation. In
addition it v.ould allov? the diiector to divorce ]'-ii!iself from much of the
routine campaign activity, providing greater freedoin to devote his time to
executive decisions regarding planning, strategy, policy advertising and
internal political natters.
vniTTF. mvsr. supi'ort
The a;)proved ca:iipaign plan underscores the importance of the supportive
functions of the VJhite House staff. The primary contribiitiou of the V.liite
liouse in an election year is its ability to capitalize on the incumbacy in th
follov7ing v.'nys:
1. Kc-'earch thr^ President's record
2. Monitor tlie flow of grants, personnel appointmouts and Federal
activity for the Spanish speaking.
3. Publici;;e the President's record in Spanish speaking communities.
The Wiite iJouse Task Force v/hich v/as formed to pcrfom this task. The
difficulties encountered in obt;iining the }'rosldent's record have already
32-818 O - 74 -pt. 19 - 13
8780
been cuLl.lnaJ at length and require no further el;'.boraLion. Xh=j Can;iiai£;ri
Conviit'tee at tiir.ea uau rcq\iireJ to perform raany of its o-.-iy si'pportJ ve. Sfirvjces.
Since c.-'i.;paiga staff rc.oourceo are liniteJ, and staffcrr, have limited aoc<.'.-;s
to Federal aj^ency data, this became a difficult if not ini,.'Oi,:;ible task.
In future car:pai!.;no, it is recorrjr.er.cled that the supportive servicey of the
\Jliite Houi'.e be clearly defined. This procedure will greatly ir.'.prove tha
performance of the campaign staff.
8781
SPANISH SPEAKING
VOLUNTEER STAFl'
Linda ;!arxc Tiionpson (Miss)
Richard Duflord
Maria Kataor (Mrs.)
Luis Estelrani
Rosemary Esquivel (Mrs.)
David liiller
Adrian Marir,
Manuel Iglcsias
Fred V.Z. Eairstow (Dr.)
L'J-is Munoz
Olivia Helen Sweeney (Mrs.)
Riidolfo Sanchez
J.-icqueline Jnrmin (Mrs.)
!^atie Lindariu':h
Gil Salas
Cariien Zelay? (Miss)
Mrs. RajT-.ond Teller.
Kathryn Hiehle (Mj;;s)
Theresa Modesto (Miss)
Arnando Sali'zai'
Olea Gone-, (i'lrs.)
Hours
Ko. of
Title
___i^-k
V:ecl-s
Volimtcer
Director
36
26
Project I):
i.rector
70
15
Volunteer
Assistant
25
12
Translato;
r
10
15
Volunteer
Secretary
/.o
5
Materials
DistribuLit.n
56
15
and Re seal
L-ch
Volunteer Field
Representative
Materials 1! Istribution ,
Publications
Typing, Chr
Mai lines
Summer Volunteer
Petitions, ma
iilings
28
Scheduling , V
materials
lailing,
56
Translator
10
Secretary
8
Typist
10
Secretary
40
Typing, filir
ig, wailing
20
Typing, maile
distribution
■r, material
15
Mailers, natc
distribution
;rial
10
Typing, wailing
Mailers, Material
distribution, file
8782
CALTF01t:!TA
BACKGROlj'.'D:
There aie 'i Jid^ ,('(i''> Spanish spoaUiiig people in California, according',
to the 19/0 Census. Of thir. figure, 1,754, 819 were of voting age, comprising
about 13. S percent of tlie total voting population of California.
The vast majority of Spanish speaking people in California are Mexican
/jnericans, concentrated the follovring 10 Metropolitan areas:
4
Los Angelcs/Long Beach Santa Barbara
San Francisco/ Oal;laad Bakert field
Sacrarriento San Jose
Fresno San Bernardino/Riverside
San Diego Anaheim/ Santa Ana
Study information indicates that the single most important issue among
Mexican /^nericans in California is education, which is regarded as a means to
an end as v.-el] as end iji itself. Other important issues to botli middle income
and urban poor groups are job opportunities, crime, drugs and environmental
cleanup. Militants are seen by both groups as doing more han:i than good.
OilGANIZATIO:!
California was the- primary target of the Spanish speaking campaign,
consuming about 35 percent of our efforts. As of July 2G, it was the only
key State \;itl-i establir'i:ed organisations at both the State and County levels.
A fuii tiue fio].dman was assigned exclusively to worV. v;ith the California
organization, which consistrvl of three paid staff people and supplemented in
October^ foui: additional staffers paid through local sources. The State v/as
divided into tiiree major regions: Southern, Bay Area, and Central, each of
8783
i.-hich v;as assigned a Ciinlrman. Reporting to these Clialrna-n vicre 3/ County
ChairT?.en who organize..! at the local J.evel.
Pr.OGRA!lS
a. Cnlifornia Tabloid: The California Spanish-speaklr.g Comr.ittoe for
the Re-election of the Trcsident produces 300,000 tabloids focur,ing on
Presidential appointeea and Administration achievcTnents. Of these, Aii.OOO
were direct riiailed into middle class Spanish speaking household in Southern
California. The remaining ?55,000 v/ere distributed through door to door
canvassing in Spanish speaking neighborhoods.
b. AppoinLments Brochure: Tlio Bay Area Spanish speaking Chairman
produced 70,000 copies of a brochure highlighting the 50 Spanir.h speaking
appointees. Those were distributed through direct mail and canvassing in
liorthern California. Tn addition 363,000 copies of the national brochure v;ere
distributed Gtatei73de.
c. Volunteerr.: The State org.uiization recruited about 2,000 volunteers
to assist in tl:e petition drive, telephoning, precinct canvassing and Klection
Day activities.
d. I'etition Troject: A Statewide drive v;as conducted to obtain signatures
ia support of the President from Spanish speal^ing voters. The State fell short
of its goal by nany thousand signatures, but the project helped conuiiunicatc
t):a President's acccmplishraents, recruit volunteers and identify supporters.
e. Rally and Special Events: Throughout the election, the Spanish-
speaking cair.paign coE'-Tiittee was called upon to generate and advance events
for cur major surrogates. Particularly during the last month, events v;ore
8784
planned Tcr P'.iiJlip Sancb-..;, llonry Ranirj-/. and lloraa.-. r.:a:iieTos in Llaa Jo;;-,
Sni! li.ii'^^o, Sail Franci.'co, Los An^clc." ;irid Frcciuo.
rr.ocLC'.s
Tbci r.;jc.r problcn f.-iccd by the i;r;--:v.i.3h-spc;akin- C-op.-.i.';!! Coirinilt tt--- in
C.'il ilornJ a '.;:■:.; Incl; oZ coop3r;;tion and cor.tiunicii tion i.'itii t'lvj StaLc Ni:-:on
OrganiznL" io.i. Had tl;'; same dc^r^e of cooporaLion and IndvpL-ndencu' besn
available: tiiaC v;as d^ir.ostrated in Texas, for e::a;npjt;, l.lie task of tlui
Spanish-sr'jaking CoLraittce would liave been considerably norc succnssf ul .
The California Committee had considerable problems of conflicts and clashes
\.'ith t'atio.-.al Hispanic Financial CoT^mittee.
i:lfctio>; o-jtcomk
Median
^1];'I:I1J!:
.y^c^
iici.rii^.-:':5
'/■
c.
Percei
iit
z
%
■coin': ■•"
_Iriooru2^
5,102
>!A
t;j>;on 6?
13.9
Nixon 72
19.5
IJiv-inbroy
76.0
68 !
IrCovci
2720
86
78.1
923
6.332
83
25.5
35 . 7
67.6
62.4
1858
6,417
75
16.6
23.4
74.6
70.7
24
11,010
63
33.0
4 7.0
52.7
51.3
27
12,099
54
27.1
43.9
65.7
53.7
4
11,293
74
50.9
66.0
39 . 6
29.6
8786
TEXAS
Th::rf are 2,137,/;8l Spanish speaking in Tc:-:as accordins to the 1970 Cc-nsvs
or tills fi^^urc, 1,051,527 arc of voting ajc.
Texas sc-emed like natural territory for the President. Reliable study
infomation reflected a Mexican A.r.erican population which v/as raidule class
oriented, conservative in life style, proud of its culture, and dissatisfied
V7lth being taken for granted by Denocrats. The Mexican American coranuiniLy
demonstrated a high degree of stability and confidence, a belief in government
and religious tradition as veil as a high der;ree of self determination. Key
issues for t)iis State v;ere education, jobs health care and neighborhood
improvem.v'nt .
OKGANIZATIO:;;
Texas v/ns a najor target State for the Spanish speaking Campaign, consumir
about 25 percent of our total efforts. Organization vas concentrated in tlic
Central zv.d Southern parts of the State.
The Spanish speaking field organisation got started very late because
factionalism wade the State organi;;ation reluctant to appoint a State Cl-.airman.
Finally, an Executive Director and two political coordinators v;ere appointed
in early .August. The Executive Director v;as responsible for the execution of
the State car^paign plan, and the tv;o regional coordinators had complete
authority in their respective regions. Although the Spanish speaking organi-
zation reported directly to the State Kixon Organization, it functioned
inJcpendsntly to the greatest extent possible.
8786
The Sl.^Le ca-.npat,-;:" pli'n called for the cstablir>hn::int of sc:vcn sLorefiont
Oi'f Lcos, r.cc::usO! of V.u.'lgctary liiuitatilon, official storefronts vt>re opt-ned
jn San Anru-Lio anJ Kl ?aso only, aU-lioi'-gh privately ffi'anced : ndcpcncioat
storcfror.tc vere alio f uncLionin;', in Dallas and Au:ain. Earli storefront
office-, '..as -..rnned by a crc.v of S].:init;h-sprtakiii2 volimtcc-rs .
r:\OGa/sMS
a. Mobiles Storefront Headquarters: To circur.ivant tbo expense of opening
pcrinanep.t storefront headquarters , the "Caniiones por Nixon" roving campaign bus
concept vas initiated. Those inobile units offered a direct, personal approach
to penetrate niddle inccne and urban poor neighborhoods via shopping centers,
churches, par'i;y , etc. Fully equipped v;ith cainpaign literature, the mobile
uuits provided a unique opportunity to publicize canpiijgr, activities. Using
tliese roving headquarters, ca:;:paign literature vjas distributed in 32 hey
fprnish sp^.iking counties. This represents the first time that this idea had
been implrit-.entcd in a statcv/ide campaign.
b. Volngte.-r Recru ilr.ient : Over 2,200 Spanisli speaking volunteers wore
identified and recruited in Texas liy the Spanish-speaking Campaign Con.rnittoe.
These volunteers assisted in the petition project, telephoning, precinct can-
vassi.r.j, and election day activities.
c. Petition Project: A statewide drive was conducted to obtain signatures
in support of the President from Spanish speaking communities. The Texas target
was 300,000 signatures. The Petition Project's objective v;as to help communicate
the President's record of accomplishments, recruit volunteers, identify supporters
and provide COTV information.
d. ^y"cia.l_ I'.vCjits: The Spanish spea'icing Campaign Comi.rittce was contacted
8787
to produce; c):o'..'Js in Larfao ai^.d Sau Ar.Lonio for the PreK.idenC'.s campaign
swing throuj;h Texan to tiio Conna.l ly Kaicb.. In Laredo, a crowd of 'tO.OOO
persons Wiis generated. In San Antonio, 8,000 pcri'.ons v'ere pi-oduccd for an
8 A.M. Airport Rally, ovei- 30 percent of \.'ho:r. wero Koxlcan-Airierican.
The Spiinish speakJii,-^ ConLMittc-?. '..'as alao r.:jkcd to advance- the Spaniuli
.speaking Soutlr.rest Tour through Tcxa;; en Septcnber 16 - 18. Kvents v;tre
tcPv-rated :nvl adv.Tr.ced for tlie surrogates in D-tllaj;, San Antonio, El Paso,
Corpus Oiristi and Bro->/nsv ille.
PROBLmS
Tha problem of inadequate campaign finances \;as partially alleviated by
the use of roving storefronts instead of financing expensive permanent store-
front headquarters in each pajor city. I'hc buses tVietnselves created problems,
however, \.'itli reparir. i^nd maintenance expenses.
Difficulties arojjs frOi.i the desire of the Spanish speaking unit to
function indept-adrintly of the State Nixon Organization. These problems w^-re
solved throur;h a mutual agreeiaent to provide minimal assistance and coop-.'ra tion
with canvassing and eJectJon day v:ork.
The campaign materials (fact sheets, brochures, etc.) arrived very late,
creating a critjca]^ probleTii in motivating volunteers and in providing fai:tual
information for distribution.
ELECTION QUTCOMi: :
The Mexican-American vote in Texas Mas only 10 percent in favor of the
President in 1968. This year, according ro CBS Report, tl:e President made
strilcing inroads in the Mexican-American population, receiving l;9 percent of
tlu-ir votes in Texas. Great advances vere ir.ade in every target county with
8788
Lha p>;co;)!:;
Lon of I
p.-Tcent r-f
the- VO!
Tlie re;;uli;:
: in Sp;
Z i:i--:c
Kf.:;ar
60.5
C.-;-,:'.eron
59 . (,
Kl Paso
53.8
ilarria
G1.7
Hidalgo
52.6
l;-L .-in I'.roan a7:oa v/hich is 94 pr;rceiil: Iiey.jLcan-A.--.c-i;j
in Spanish- .-.peaking CovhiL.ios; vere as foliov.vs:
% IIA
45
76
57
11
79
% fU-c
Nu jc.cs
54.9
VJebb
41.9
V.'i] lacy
62.0
Starr
42.0
uiish spci-ikin^; precincts v;ere:
Harris
El raso
47 perc.n.t:
50 pj:rcc:nt:
SAllPLE rrJXI.KCT Rl
221
102
204
J 4?.
226
213
;tiinatud
Median
ncOTTie
'A W
3,000
3,000
3,000
60
75
60
9,000
9,000
9,000
60
60
60
Ni?-on
68
Ni::on
5.1
17.2
5.7
24.7
5.7
27.5
-^0.6
68 . 3
27.9
47.9
41.2
48.5
93.3
92.9
90.3
44 . 9
59.6
52.9
82. C
75.3
72.5
31.7
52.1
51.5
8789
MF.H YORK STATE
BACi.G:-tOU:,D
As of tlu' J 970 consu.s tlicro veic 1.5 million Spanish speal.inV. poo;->la in
the State of I.'ew York. CJose to COO, 000 \;src of votin;; age, rcprcsentii:;-. in
about 5 percent of the voting a,'',e population of the state. Puerto Ric.-ins make
up about 75Z of the total Spanish speaking pop'ilation. 94% of the State's
Spanish speaking population is coacentrated in New Yorl; City.
The Puerto Rican community is one of the poorest in the nation, sufftTing
from high uner.ployment , poor housing and educational facilities, ;ind a high
incidence of crine, welfare and drug addiction. Further hurting the President's
chances v.'itli this population group v/as the fact that the Adi:iinistration's record
is not as strong among tlia Puerto Kicans as it is among the Mexican Anericans.
STiVvTKGY
It is estinated that the President carried under 15% of the Puerto Rican
vote in 1963. The goal was to swing the President sufficient Pue.rto Pican votes
to reduce the normally large D'/uocratic plurality in Naw York City and help
up-State rJev; York carry the State. The New York State Hi;:on organi x.ation set a
specific goal of winning 22;':; of the Puerto Rican vote. The strategy was to appeal
tci the Puerto Rican raiddle class (about 'tO/', of the Puerto Rican registered voters)
by presenting tiie positive accor.plishnients of th.e Adininxstration and appealing to
to tl:e conservative traditions \;hich they share v;ith tlic President, such as their
coi,Ui2on stand against abortion and against legalization of drugs.
OKCArilZATTOiJ
The Mew York State Spanish speaking effort was headed by Manuel Gonzales,
8790
Chairman ol the PuarUo-Rican llispEnic Young Republicans. Tlic co-chai rn:aii v;af.
DoiLin Fupo, Prf!,sideat of the Cuban-Ati-ricaii Club of Nov; YorV;. Mr. Goiv^hIcs
reporli-d directly to Fred Perrotta, New York City Campaign Coordinator. The
effort V7as clc^ely linked to t'ne over-all New York canipait;a organization. The
goad V7orking relationship of the Puerto P.ican and Cuban leaders v/ith the State
Kixon organization contributed jiiuVj-nsely to the success of the final outcor.'.e.
J^ROGRAMS_
a. Endorseryents: Si;;nificant E.ndorsenents of the President v.'ere received
fron lU Mirador, a Spanish speaking Daily, The 16,000 iiiciiber Hispanic Public
Service League, the )'uerto Rican lIo:ae Ov.Tiers League and most Cuban organizations.
Kqually important was the failure of El Diario La Prensa, the largest Spanish
speaking nev;;,paper in tlie country to follov its tradition of endorsing the
Denocratic candidate. The Spanish spealcing Campaign Copitnittee Icadersliip is
to be credited for this.
b. Surrogates^: The Spanish Speaking Speakers liureau did particularly bad-
ly in providing Spanish surrogates for Kew York. This was partially due
to the small number of Puerto Rican surrogates available but a] so due to poor
coiiPiunications and personality conflicts between the Speakers Kureau and the
liew York Nix.on organisation.
C. S-peciul Invents : A series of very successful and v/idcly publicized
dances, cocktail jiavties and dinners were held.
D. Storef rrvnts : Storefronts were L:et up in major Puerto Rican concentration
areas. These were used as tdaterial distribution centers, as well as for limited
telephone operations.
8791
c. M'jd-i-a: Ua\i Yor!-. v.-a.; a television and radio Kpar.ish-Kpeakin;;'. tarijoc.
Surveys had indicated that this v.'ould be the most important tool in leaching;
this target population, \rnila budget linitatloiis precD.uded it;; use, Governor
Rockefeller did prepare a lev; radio spot.- in Spani.~h that vjere aired in tr.e
final veekr. of the ca'.:paign.
PR0I3LBIS
The primary problcn in Kew York v.'as overcoming'; the poor standing of the
President auiOTii; tlis Puerto Ricaas. A May survey indicated tliat 7'iZ of the
Puerto Eicans vere dissatisfied with his Administration.
The second problcn was overconing New York Spanish-speaking "Republican
leaders distrust of '.vashinaton Sjianish speaking Ic^adership, vjliich tht-y viewed
as basis tov;ard >ie:<ican .i.i?.ericans.
This nistrust oasE-d as relations beL\;een Kashinpton and Nev.' York iii'proved .
However, b.ositlitics returried during the final \/eek of the ca!ii|!aign when a confi-
dential menio v;ritten by this office in May was publir-.hed in the papers. Tin-
mtino was an analysis of a s-.-rvey indica.ting that I'uerCo Rican population was
politically unsoi)!iisticated and undernotivated.
The third lo.ajor prebletn was the absence of media advertising.
EIJXTION CUTCOM!;
Althou^b detailed analyses have not been received, prelinir.ary reports
indicate that 2^. percent of the Puerto Uicans voted for the President — 2 percent
above the coal sc-t by t".i8 ^jew York Kixon organization. This helped tremendously,
8792
not only fo carry tho. iitate, hut to coi.-.e closer Lo carryiii- V'.-vj York City by
more taan any other Republican candi.Iato since Calvin Cor)lxdj;c. It ia iir.port."
tbr;t this b?.s Iiolnod estcblish a Spanish-speaking Kepublican foundation in
Neij York State politics.
8793
II.LTKOXS
BACKGROU^
There arc about 36A,000 Spaiiisli-aiieaking /uncricans in the State of
Illinois, according to the 1970 Census, Of this figure, approximately S2,000
are of votin;; age. The mijor concentration is in the Chicai^o metropolitan
area. Unlike other target .states. The Spanish-speaking population in Illinois
is characterized 50/30 split betv;een Mexican-Americans and Puerto Ricans.
Study information indicated a low approval rating (30 percent) for the
President among the Spanish speakir.g. Key issues for the Chicago area vnre
identified as education, crime, drugs and neighborhood improvement.
ORG/uUZATION
Severe leadership problem and factionalisva made Illinois the last State
to organize a Spanish spe.iking co?raiittcc. In view of these problems, the
Illinois State llixon organization provided excellent assistance anJ direction
to the Spanish tpcaking coi:jiiittee. This cooperation enabled us to compensate
to soiiie degree for lost tine.
Five Spanish speaking storefront hoaUquartc:rs \;;'re opened, cacli with a
paid manager and volunLesr staff. The storefronts served primarily as clearing-
houses for campaign literature.
PROGRAMS
a. Telephonin;-; and Direct '-kTil: 10,800 direct mail pieces were sent
to middle class Spanish speaking liomes in Cook County through the 1701 oi>eration.
b. R?llies : Tlie Spanish speaking Co:nnittee sponsored a November 6 Rally
in Chicago which featured several Spanisli speaking appointees and drew
8794
a crowd of ovo.r i.OOO.
c. Pe:L:itio;i I'rojcct:: A atatcv.ide drive v.'ar. conducted t:o obtain rij'.ii.! turct
in support of the President froin Spanish speaking voters. Illinois gathered
approxiraately A, 000 suxh signatures, \.'hich Iielpcd comr;unicato the President's
ncconiplishnients , recruit volunteers and identify supporters.
PROr.LU-lS
As v.'as stated abovr-, the leadership problems V7ere the severest obstacles
to effective orf.anization in Illinois. \/e v/ent through three separate State
Chairmen before any real leadership ability surfaced. The Spanish spea'.;:.n£
campaign never fully recovered from initial leadership struj;gle3, and as a
consequence Illinois was the v;oaUest and least effective State organi^.ation of
all our target States.
8795
I'-LORIDA
As of the 1970 Ci.-nr,us thtro were cloHe to 500,000 Spanish-speakinj;
individuals in the aL;itc of Florida. This group is overv/helciingly Cubaa.
It is estimated that by I'.lextion Day tiicre \7ero clob° to 90,000 Cubiir.s
reeiatared to vote in Florida.
STRATEGY:
Tlie President is very popular among ('ubans and Sen. McGovern is
particularly disliked because of his soft stand on Castro. The goal
was to register all eligible Cubans and get them to the polls on Election
Day in order to improve on the 75% of the vote received by the President
in 196S. The primary strategy V7as to pres:-nt to tlie Cuban voters McCovern's
views on Cuba raid Castro.
Oi^GAl-a.ZATIOS:
The Cuban effort was concentrated in Dade County where almost all
Cul>ans live. Arturo Hevia was appointed cliairman. There was no paid staff,
but many individuals contributed imraense atiounts of time and effort. Among
these were: Mario Menesc-s, Latin GOP Club Coordinator, Jose Manuel Casanova,
Florida Chairman of the KHFC and lidgar IJuttari, Jr., Florida Coordinator of
tlie Cuban-AT'ericans for Nixon. Dr. Fdgar tuttarj, Sr. , 1968 Chairman of the
Cubans for Nixon, provided invaluable advisory support. Some support v;as
provided by the regular Florida Nixon organization, although the relation-
ship was loose.
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 14
8796
I^:■f,i;.Lvv>y_on drjvc' - .-: drive to iir.turali :•;(.■ arc'. ;-e;^J.!iCer Cubnns
bf-an e;irly i:i tbo year. The total. mi:,:b!5r cI ?:.''gj stored Cub^in.; double o
froTi /iS.C^O in 3-970 to ;;XiuOst 90,000 by Eluc-tion Hay. Tbio bloc', not
on.lj- i>i:i/V ■''.cl a r-o'li;! vote for tliL' I'rcaidcnt, but v.-a;; .insLruincntaJ :'n
the i\o;;'.iii;iL:oa of a Cub.m as PcpubJicau candidate foe the V.S. y.oi::i^- of
Reprciseatative.^, as v.'dl as otb.er local offices.
Kndor.sou'.ents - eudorseiaentr; v.'<,>re received from praclic;illy every
Cuban Qr^'auiv.ation, leader, aud i>rlntcd media. Cubaa TV :ind radio ;-.tatioar.
vjere very "cooperative" in providing assistance to the Nixon effort.
HcGovern'r. stand on Cuba - efforts were r:adc to di:;ae.«iaatc v/idctly
licCovern':. iironounccu'intc; on Cuba and Castro. lub] ic reaction v;as excel] ('Ut.
rROiiLEVS : '
The (greatest pi-ob.'IcM was to cverco!:ie the f;encval fear that the-
Peking and Moscow tri,;,s '..oiild be follov.'ed by a nev under.'aandiug vrith
Castro. pKonouncem;-vits p.ade by the )'resident early in the year, cienyins such
a possibility, helped. However, the complete lack of alternative made
support for the President inevitable. A Wallace candidacy, however, i.'OuJd
have cost a huge nu..iber of Cuban votes. A second problem was lack of funds.
This v.'<i:s particu]arly botheriienie because Cui>ans raisid the largest share of
funds collected by the. aUI'C.
OUTCOME:
For the first tir.e in history a RcpubJic-m candidate carried Dade
County (jS;: to ■'■,2'/.). Caban precincts went as Irif.h iit- 95% for the Prer;ident.
It is estirKUcd that at least 85% of the Cuban vote state-wide went for the
President.
8797
"""' " CONFIDENTIAL
(EYES ONLY)
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ^^%
Oftice of the Assistant Secretary for Administration
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20210
June 29, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR RICHARD WISE
SUBJECT: OASA Involvements and Efforts in Key States
In seeking to create in key States an appropriate
atmosphere for the re-election of the President,
OASA has taken initial steps as follows:
1. Obtainment of $30,000 grant from Mainpower Admin-
istration to support National Conference of South-
west Council of LaRaza. This is a beginning effort
to de-politicize this grass roots group representing
a minimum of seven States. Conference to be held in
Washington, D. C. last part of July.
2. Obtainment of $20,000 grant from within DOL to
support two Regional Conferences of Southwest
Council of LaRaza (Texas and California) . Also
supporting effort with appointment of three project
officers - one from San Francisco, one from Dallas
and one from DOL National staff - to ensure awareness
on LaRaza' s part: Specifically, that this assistance
is from the Nixon Administration.
3. OASA is serving as focal point to ensure sensitivity
to awarding of contracts to minority cind supportive
consulting firms in key States. Presently we are
working with the Manpower Administration to secure
8798
a contract for a Spanish-Speaking firm located in
Texas (CPI) . Additionally, a system has been estab-
lished with the Manpower Administration to ensure
that when White House interest is displayed, no con-
tracts are awarded without prior clearance with the
White House.
4. OASA continues to conduct a major Executive Recruit-
ment activity nationwide to assure responsiveness to
Repiiblican National Committee recommendations in
specific States, for employment of supporters. The
RNC is notified in advance to receive credit when
their recommendees are given positions.
5. Over 50 appointments to DOL Boards and Commissions
and the DOL Executive Reserve are in process, a
direct result of specific recommendations by Repub-
lican State Committees and endorsed by the RNC.
Similarly, the State Committee is given advance
notice of an appointment so they receive credit
for the action taken.
DAVID J. WIMER
Special Assistant to the
Assistant Secretary for
Administration and Management
8799
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
OrFICK OF THl A»SI«TANT SCCRCTANY
WASHINarON
JUN 151972
MEMORANDUM FOR THE UNDER SECRETARY
Subject: OASA Responsiveness to Special Needs during
the Remainder of 19 72
We have given considerable thought to the question you
raised concerning the responsiveness of our various units
to the administration's needs during the coming year. I
have the following to report:
1. The Executive Liaison Staff has been instructed
to step-up its efforts to assure appropriate placement
on boards and commissions and in filling executive level
vacancies. Special steps will be taken to insure a faster
turn-around time where candidates are offered to us for
special consideration.
2. Similarly, the budget and personnel staffs in
OASA will stand ready to react promptly to the request for
information or action when required.
3. We intend to continue to promote internal per-
sonnel development programs which demonstrate the commit-
ment of this administration to improving the welfare of all
our employees and their families. Specific attention will
be given to our new personnel training program and our new
design for improving EEO.
As I mentioned to you earlier, it is my view that the
Department of Labor can play a leading role in promoting
"productivity thinking" by government employees — Federal,
state and local--throughout the country. This awareness
campaign can easily include an expression of the adminis-
tration's concern for the well being of government employees
everywhere. It may also include a summary of what has been
8800
accomplished over the last three years which has resulted
in the enhancement of the government worker. (More details
upon request)
8801 ) ^. ^
\
S Dl.l'AR IMl.N r OF LABOR
r.UI..,ul SICU .11, . I Ik.lhh \>il,ll.-:l-t:.U..
,iu. ., <R , >M>..uu .cu.r.H^ CONFIDENTIAL
June 14, 1972
MEMORANDUM TO THE UNDER SECRETARY
Subject: OSHA program actions from now through November
In considering this subject, I have assembled an informal group
of seven staff members whose loyalty and political cred'itials
are certain. This group and I have conceived the following
program actions. We plan to meet from time to time to assess
progress and determine additional initiatives.
ACTION
1. Standards setting. While promulgation and modification
activity must continue, no highly controversial
standards (i.e., cotton dust, etc.) will be proposed
by OSHA or by NIOSH. A thorough review wii;h NIOSH
indicates that while some criteria documents, such as
on noise, will be transmitted to us during this period
neither the contents of these documents nor our
handling of them here will generate any substantial
controversy.
While the activities of the Standards Advisory Com-
mittee on Agriculture will commence in July, the
Committee will concentrate on priorities and long-range
planning, rather than on specific standards setting,
during this period. Other standards advisory committees
may be proposed during this period but again their
activities will be low-keyed.
2. Inspections. OSHA will continue, administratively, to
concentrate inspection activity on other than tiny
establishments.
-^
8802
We are working on a proposal for a late summer or early
fall mailing to all employers (using the Social Security
list as for our first mass mailing) in vThich we would
hope to clarify misconceptions about the program and
make available a maximum of simple information on what
it means to employers, especially small ones. I
emphasize this is only in the proposal stage and you
will be hearing more about it.
Assuming 0MB clears the letter to Senator Williams on
the Curtis amendments we will, at or after the Small
Business hearings, publicize to the maximum extent possible
the positive positions we are taking with regard to small
businesses and farmers.
State programs . I will personally call the designees in
the 11 key States regarding more assistance from us,
which will include additional grants, exchange of OSHA
personnel under the Intergovernmental Personnel Act,
special provisions for training State inspectors from
the key States at our Training Institute in Chicago,
and other matters.
We are drafting for the signature of the President a
letter to Barry Brown, President of lAGLO, for Brown to
read at the annual lAGLO Conference in July. This
letter will stress the President's commitment to New
Federalism and his pleasure with the broad response of
the States to the OSHA program. You will receive the
draft shortly.
Otherwise, we are maximizing our relations with all
States .
Personnel. We are drafting an outline of OSHA ' s
recruiting and hiring plan for the next six months.
Subject to your approval, it is our intention to provide
copies of this detailed plan to the Republican National
Committee and the Committee to Re-elect the President.
We can then consider applicants they propose.
6.
8803
- 3 -
Recordkeeping by employers. The proposal to exempt
employers of fewer than eight from all recordkeeping
requirements is being drafted. This proposal should be
well received by employers in such tiny establishments.
BLS will provide us with their first major report on
injuries, illnesses and statistics sometime in late
November.
Speeches and appearances. My key group of seven will
concentrate on appearances in the 11 key States. 1
have already lined up several days of speeches and appear-
ances for myself in Texas, New York, Pennsylvania and
Illinois .
7. The National Safety Congress in last week of October.
Timed as it is if^ drawing very large crowds, the Congress
offers an excellent sales opportunity which we shall
take full advantage of. As in last year, OSHA has one
full morning with no other competing Congress activity,
8. Mailings to trade associations, organized labor,
insurance companies and others. We plan a regular flow
of such broad mailings emphasizing the positive aspects
of the program.
9. Field staff. 1 am having the registration of all RA ' s
and ADs checked. When this reading is complete, we will
consider further actions to be taken by the Republicans.
There are undoubtedly other ideas for action which we will come
up with. You will be advised.
While I have discussed with Lee Nunn the great potential of OSHA
as a sales point for fund raising and general support by
employers, I do not believe the potential of this appeal is
fully recognized. Your suggestions as to how to promote the
advantages of four more years of properly managed OSHA for
use in the campaign would be appreciated.
(^
George C. Guenther
8804
us. DEPARTMENT OE LABOR
Ol I ICr OI Till A^SISTANT Sr< Kl lARY I OK MANPOW f«
WASHINGTON. DC, Jl)210
June 19, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR THE UNDER SECRETARY
Subject: Potential Maximum Utilization of Manpower Administration
Resources and Personnel in Remainder of Calendar 1972
Pursuant to your request, I have reviewed all aspects of Manpower
Administration funding levels and personnel utilization and have
identified the following areas that can potentially be utilized
for the purposes we discussed:
I . Resource Allocation
A. Manpower Training Services
1. National Account $15 million unallocated
This $15 million will be derived by shifting some OJT,
Plans B and D money into the national account and by
shifting some §241 Area Redevelopment Act funds into
the national account. The practical effect of these
shifts is to withdraw from some cominitments on con-
tracts with some other Federal agencies. However, I
plan to try to make up for some of this shift by using
some EEA discretionary money for these programs with
other Federal agencies. The total shift into the
national account involved pulling $30 million away
from the regions and back into the national account
in order to balance the national account. Our current
commitment level in the national account is approxi-
mately $150 million. We currently figure that we have
$120 million available to apply to these cominitments.
Therefore, the $30 million I have pulled out of Public
Service Careers in the regions will make up this
difference. The additional $15 million that I
anticipate will be available from a combination of
this shift of funds from Public Service Careers and
a substantial tightening of our deobligation pro-
cedures which I have requested.
2 . JOBS
The JOBS contracts have to be approved by the regional
offices. Therefore, to a certain extent, the JOBS
8805
contracts can be utilized for maximum benefit as
determined at the national level. The JOBS funding
levels for FY 1973 are:
Regions $93 million
National Account -
Apportioned JOBS 22 million
National Account -
JOBS Optional 9 million
The remainder of the MTS budget items are basic allocations
with which we have very little flexibility. After careful
appraisal, I feel that the above areas are the only places
that there is any realistic flexibility.
EEA
For FY 1973 the Secretary has $200 million in §5 and §6
discretionary funds to be used for public employment
programs. Of this $200 million, we estimate that
$90 million will be required to continue the demonstration
projects. Of this, $70 million will be for the high
impact projects and $20 million for the welfare demonstra-
tion projects. An additional $29 million will be required
for Federal support and evaluation of the demonstration
projects. $20 million must be reserved for continuation
of the late allocations made on January 14 last year.
Therefore, the breakout of these continuatiore of funding
is the following:
High Impact $70 million
Welfare Demonstration 20 million
Federal support 29 million
Late allocations - last year 20 million
Total $139 million
As I pointed out above, I anticipate deducting $30 million
from this $139 million to make up for the $30 million
taken out of PSC to balance the national account.
No final decision has been made regarding the allocation
of the remaining $31 million and we will have considerable
flexibility in the use of these funds.
As we develop plans for the allocation of the discretionary
funds, I will coordinate closely with you in order to get
maximum beneficial utilization of these funds.
8806
II. Publicity
I have identified three ways in which I believe we can more
effectively highlight Manpower Administration activities.
I have requested that these procedures be implemented
immediately:
A. Manpower Liaisons with Frank Johnson
I have appointed Jack Hashian and Ron Schell to work
closely with Frank Johnson in identifying potential
programs and activities that should be highlighted in
the next few months.
B. Contract Clearance through Frank Johnson's Office
As a double-check on Manpower Administration coordination
with Frank Johnson's office, I am asking that all
announcements of new contracts and programs be cleared
through Frank Johnson's office as well as Fred Webber's.
C. Lists of Programs Benefiting Various Ethnic Groups
and Geographic Areas
In order to have easily accessible information regarding
specific groups who are deriving benefits from Manpower
programs, I have asked the regions to keep lists of
programs and contracts broken down by ethnic groups or
geographic areas. These lists will allow DOL speech-
makers to have readily available information in the
preparation of speeches.
Ill . Speakers
The speakers who can be relied upon to do a good job of
highlighting Manpower programs are:
Paul Fasser
Hal Buzzell
Xavier Mena
Deanell Reece (to a limited extent)
I will personally try to take on as many speeches and personal
appearances as I can.
This memo summarizes the positive steps I have taken. If you wish
to take further action, I will be glad to discuss it with you.
Malcolm R. Lovell, Jr.
8807
us DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Officl of rim Solicitor
WASHINGTON. DC 20210
June 13, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR THE UNDER SECRETARY
In response to your recent request it is
envisioned that the Solicitor could be of assistance
in the upcoming campaign in the following respects:
1. Designation of key personnel who are
both knowledgeable in the general
affairs of the Department and are
supportive of the policies of the
President as well as those of the Depart-
ment. The individuals so designated
would be available to fill speaking
engagements as requested.
2. Designation of a second cadre of personnel
who are specialists in matters such as
equal pay and women's rights, civil rights,
(particularly in the Government procurement
process) occupational safety and health
and Departmental legislative initiatives.
Although this second team are not generalists,
in the sense of familiarity with the full
scope of Departmental affairs, nor identifiable
as "party" members they are exceedingly
articulate advocates of Departmental
philosophy and accomplishments over the past
3 1/2 years in the areas of their individual
expertise. Given the right audience and
occasion they would undoubtedly produce
political mileage.
8808
3. Development of sensitivity in respect
of attempts to embarrass the President
and Administration by initiation of
compliance and enforcement activity.
Richard F. Schubert
Solicitor of Labor
8809
L'.S. DEPARTMENT OF LAB()F{ ,<."'°''
Ofhci; uf the Assistant Slcrhtarv =' ^
WASHINGTON. DC 20210 "t '■£;.■
MEMORANDUM FOR THE UNDER SECRETARY
At your request, a committee has been formed within ASPER
to assist with the coordination of Departmental response
to key issues that develop during the course of the 19 72
Election Campaign. The committee will be composed of:
Michael Moskow, Assistant Secretary
Saul Hoch , Deputy Assistant Secretary
Ken McLennan, Director, Office of Policy
Development
Fred Eggers
Jack Meyer
Bill Chernish
Steve Tapper
The committee will be responsible for preparing statements summariz-
ing Departmental policy and for providing material to rebut
criticism aimed at the Department or the Administration.
Materials will be prepared in response to requests from
either top Departmental officials, groups outside DDL that
identify labor-oriented issues, or the Labor News Analysis
group presently sourcing trade journals and labor publica-
tions for trends in union attitudes during the campaign.
An information retrival file will be established in ASPER
to retain copies of position papers, policy statements,
reports, and speeches. These files will be used by the
committee for research and reference and will be made avail-
able to the key contacts in the A&O's and to Departmental
spokesmen.
Policy papers and statements rebutting criticism will be
distributed to the Department's top leadership and to the
Regional Directors for use in meetings, speeches, and other
contacts with the public. Material prepared for general
distribution will be submitted to Frank Johnson, Director
of Public Affairs, who will review the format, select the
media, and handle the distribution.
\ 8810
My Special Assistant, Steve Tupper , as coordinator of the
committee, will monitor the preparation of materials and
handle liaison with contacts in the A&O's such as Deanell
Reece in Manpower, Dan Rathbun in the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, and others as called upon. All contacts by
parties outside the Department with the A&O's concerning
the committee's activities should be made through either
my Special Assistant or me.
Michael H. Moskow
8811
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ,.< .^''
= ncE OF THE Assistant Slcretary ^ _|te.
WASHINGTON. DC 20210 \ :^,
June 29, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR RICHARD WISE
The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evalu-
ation and Research has taken several steps in recent weeks
to assist in increasing the impact of the Administration's
programs .
The Construction Industry Stabilization Committee has
worked successfully with both labor and management to
slow the rate of wage increases in the construction indus-
try in accord with the Administration's economic stabili-
zation program. For example, last week in New Jersey, all
Laborers' locals negotiated an agreement with the Assoc-
iated General Contractors averaging about a 3.2% annual
increase. In Detroit, a multi-craft agreement was nego-
tiated with an average increase of under 5% annually.
These agreements are considerably lower than those nego-
tiated in 1970 when the average increase for the year was
approximately 15.3%.
The Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commission
continues to maintain and nourish good rapport with the
building trades on behalf of the Administration. The Com-
mission is an active tripartite group concerned with long-
run and structural problems, dealing with issues such as
seasonality, regional bargaining, productivity, and voca-
tional education and apprenticeship systems.
In a speech before the New Jersey Association of College
Administration Counselors on May 23, 1972, Assistant Sec-
retary Moskow cited President Nixon's proposal for Career
Education as a program to "alleviate unemployment or un-
deremployment of those leaving school and entering the job
market for the first time." Moskow said that the Adminis-
tration's program could be a keystone for change by pro-
viding both academic and occupational training to insure
"that every young American will leave high school equipped
to work in a modern occupation or to further his education.
32-818 O - 74 -pt. 19
8812
page £
In another speech on June 26, 1972 at the North American
Conference on Labor Statistics, Moskow explained the De-
partment's role in the Administration's economic stabili-
zation program to hundreds of labor economists from across
the Nation. Moskow stressed that the "Department remains
strong in its feeling that many of the current economic
problems which we now face in the employment sector can
be resolved . . . through use of participatory efforts of
labor, management, and the public."
STEPHEN R. TUPPER
8813
January 4, 1972
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR THE ATTORNEY GENERAL - <^i iX-l
SUBJECT: Interest Group Reports
Bart Porter and Chuck Colson's staff have compiled extensive
reports in four areas — Spanish-Speaking, Labor, Middle
America, Ethnic-Catholic. Although these reports are being
transmitted to you in full, much of the material in them
does not require immediate action on your part. The follow-
ing summarizes the central direction of each report and
gives the decision-points which require your attention now.
If you subscribe to the general viewpoint expressed in the
following, we will see that copies of the full reports are
circulated among the senior members of the campaign staff.
Spanish-Speaking
Spanish-surnamed Americans comprise approximately 5% of the
total population (9 million Mexican-Americans, 3 million
Puerto Ricans, 700,000 Cubans, the rest scattered). Although
this group votes less frequently than other groups, it is
significant because of its concentration in such key states
as California, Texas, Illinois, New Jersey and Florida. And
despite its overwhelming Democratic registration, it is felt
that some movement can be induced in its voting habits.
Each group must be handled separately with specially-tailored
appeals. Cuban-Americans, upwardly mobile and avidly anti-
Communist, are most open to appeal from the President. Puerto
Ricans, the nation's most impoverished minority, are least
attractable. On the other hand, all Spanish-speaking
Americans share certain characteristics — a strong family
structure, deep ties to the Church, a generally hard-line
position on the social issue — which makes them open to an
appeal from us ±f^ they can be convinced the President has
recognized their social and economic problems.
8814
This is especially true now that the Democratic Party is under
suspicion for favoring politically potent blacks at the
expense of the needs of the Spanish-Speaking people.
Suprisingly enough, the administration has a quite creditable
record in the Spanish-Speaking area. We've made a substantial
number of high-level appointments and initiated steps to
increase the delivery of housing aid to Spanish citizens. The
Cabinet Committee on Opportunity for Spanish-Speaking People,
OEO, SBA, and 0MB have developed a number of innovative
economic development programs. We have made a slight begin-
ning at dealing with the bilingual education problem. The
report makes recommendations for highly-visual social and
economic development projects over the next year to expand upon
what we have done already.
The report also contains information on each of the three
principal Spanish-Speaking groups, with extensive lists of key
organizations, personnel, and contacts. Pointing out that
Spanish-speaking communities are close-knit and that they are
not used to attention from the highest levels of government,
the report advocates increased efforts to cultivate groups and
leaders through dinner invitations, speaking appearances,
telegrams, etc. The report also suggests increased cultivation
of Spanish-Speaking media, both printed and electronic, through
regular mailings, interviews, briefings, etc.
Central to all our efforts should be full politicization of the
Cabinet Committee, now on an $800,000 budget and going up to
$1.3 million in July. The group now works through Finch, but
Colson has begun assisting on the political and P. R. side.
Carbos Conde, a Spanish press type, has been put on the
Committee's payroll and will be working out of the White House
in cultivating Spanish media, much as Stan Scott does for black
media.
Perhaps the most interesting suggestion the report makes is
that consideration be given to under-cover funding of La Raza
Unida, a left-wing Chicano political party in the Southwest, in
exchange for agreement that La Raza Unida run 1972 presidential
candidates in California and Texas. La Raza Unida has done very
well in several state and local elections in California, New
Mexico, and Texas.
8815
The following specific recommendations require your immediate
attention.
It is recommended that the Cabinet Committee remain a responsi-
bility of Finch, but that Colson have responsibility for
political and public relations questions.
DISAPPROVE
It is recommended that Magruder be charged with coming up with
somebody to direct Spanish-speaking political activity from
the Campaign Committee.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE COMMENTS
The organized labor movement in this country is comprised of
approximately 21 million people, some 17 million of whom are
members of AFL-CIO affiliated unions. It is felt that up until
one year ago the Administration was in a strong position with
labor, but that the combination of our foreign policy, the
■Philadelphia Plan, the suspension of the Davis-Bacon Act, the
new ecoaonic policy, and subsequent events have changed that.
There are some significant exceptions. The Teamsters, for
instance, are completely in our fold. But, generally speaking,
it is felt that most of the labor leadership will be out of
reach.
On the other hand, it is felt that we could still do very well
with the rank and file, and the local labor leadership. The
report contains an evaluation of the major unions, stressing
the maritime unions, the Teamsters, the Longshoremen, the
construction trades, the police and fire unions, the allied
and technical workers, and the retail clerks. It emphasizes
the key position of the local labor leadership, often - such
as in the case of Peter Brennan or Mike Maye - far more potent
than the national leaders and usually far more open to appeal
from the President.
8816
The report notes that some of the policy moves so abhorred by
the national labor leadership are admired by the rank and file.
Some polls quoted suggest that a majority of labor actually
likes to see its leaders assaulted by the Administration. The
President has a tough, highly masculine image among this voting
sector. This should be maintained - even when it brings the
President into conflict with the concerns of organized labor.
The only issue of crucial importance to organized labor is its
survival - we can and should attack labor leaders on grounds
other than that if we think it would be beneficial in any
given instance.
The report also notes that the character of American labor has
changed significantly since the 1930's. Whereas forty years
ago, unionism was completely dominant for working people, now
their interests are far broader - higher education for their
children, stopping inflation, keeping their second car.
American labor has become increasingly self-protective, and,
hence, conservative. If we can demonstrate - with such proposals
as the pension program - that we have their interests in mind,
we can do very well among this voting sector.
The report has a detailed public relations program, with suggest-
ions on the use of written and electronic media, and on possible
Presidential appearances to emphasize his identity with the
problems of working people. It emphasizes the importance of
beginning our efforts early - before the Democrats have a chance
to unify behind one candidate - so that the President's identity
with working class problems appears to be a consistent part of
his approach.
The following specific recommendation requires your immediate
attention:
It is recommended that we find a young, vigorous labor type to
serve as the Campaign Committee's labor man, indirectly coordi-
nating with Chuck Colson's activities.
DISAPPROVE
8817
Middle America
This report is more in the nature of a general strategy outline
than a specific decision paper. It suggests the importance of
home ownership in defining Middle America and draws out two
broad concepts — the concepts of income security and social
Security — as essential to this group. The report advocates
clustering our issues around these two concepts and drawing
out a key issue from each next fall. While we stand to benefit
from many issues in the campaign (Peace, Prosperity, Progress,
Social Order) , the report makes the point that we will only be
able to develop one or two during the campaign. It suggests
that we should pick the issues we wish to develop in accord with
a broad strategy, but as late as possible to take advantage of
their immediacy. Both immediacy and accord with a broad strategy
must be achieved if our issues are to appear both current and
consistent with our four years in office.
The report contains a brief discussion of the Wallace phenomenon,
indicating that present polls show Wallace might be helpful to
us. While he draws more from us than the Democrats in the South,
the polls suggest we will take the South anyway. In the North,
he takes more from the Democrats - to our advantage. The report
suggests that further, in-depth polling should be undertaken
before any final decision is reached on the advantages/disadvan-
tages of having Wallace in the race. The report recommends two
strategies, useable depending on how we decide Wallace helps/
hurts us.
The report contains a paper by Lew Engman of the Domestic Council,
suggesting that HUD may be pursuing "dispersal housing" contrary
to the President's expressed wishes. It advocates Immediate
inquiry into this and firm, and public, action if the President's
wishes are being contravened.
The report contains a long memorandum from Charles Colson to
H.R. Haldeman, advocating orientation of our political appeal to
interest groups, with specific, bread-and-butter programs develop-
ed and sold to each group. The report also contains an extensive
discussion of the Administration's veterans program, with
recommendations for dealing with veterans organizations, media, etc.
8818
It is recommended that a full-time veteran organizer be hired,
It is suggested that he could probably be obtained on a
volunteer basis from one of the veterans groups.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE COl-IMENTS
Ethnic
As of the 1960 census, there were some 34 million first or
second generation Americans of foreign stock. The report suggests
that these voters may be an important resource for us. While old
world, and particularly, old world, anti-ConiTnunist, "captive
nations" appeals are no longer effective in most ethnic areas,
the report suggests that ethnic identify among white ethnics —
Italians (witness the Italian-American Civil Rights Leagues)
Irish, etc. — is increasing considerably.
The report suggests that these voters are attracted to the same
issues as Middle America or organized labor, both of which over-
lap considerably. It is noted that we are in a particularly
strong position with Catholic voters as a result of our stands
on pornography, aid to parochial schools, drug abuse, crime, and
the social issue.
The report contains detailed lists of ethnic organizations and
leaders, together with an ethnic population breakdown of the
United States. It also suggests various public relations devices,
electronic, written, and Presidential, which can be used effect-
ively with this sector.
The following specific recommendations require your immediate
attention:
It is recommended that an ethnic be hired for the Campaign
Committee.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE COMMENTS
It is recommended that consideration be given to replacing Laszlo
Pasztor at the RNC with somebody less allied to old-line, captive
nation's ethnic leaders.
APPROVE DISAPPROVE COMMENTS
8819
I:.-!"in cf '.he PrcBldent
Exhibit 16
MEMORANDUM
July 8, 1972
TO: . • KK.NKY ny'-.>!]REZ
SUBJECT: NEWS CLIPPINGS
I think ve can laaVe more effective use of the multitude of press
clippings generated nationally regarding Spanish speaking events. '
My research staff has heen providing excellent content siEtcaries
and analytics of the najor Spanish speaking press activity.
Tne Cabinet Coir:,Tiit tee Public Infoir-ation Office could help us keep
a better pulse on activity in our c > : ' nit ies in the following
vavs:
1. By cOiT>piling a coir.plete list of n.;-,.Epapers fro^a vhich
CCOSSP receives clippings. We vould like to fill in the gaps, if
any exist. I vould like to have this list as toon as possible. ~
2. -By sending copies of the daily clippings to my office.
The biweekly conipilations ve receive jr.ake it oitticult to respond
to tfjnely issues. If messenger service is still a probleiD, I can "' •
aTrar:^e to have the clippings picked up each cay.
Also, pl.-^Ese alert your staff that si-f.gest ions ccicerning congratula-
tory letters, nOY ,:.,^teriaT, ,^\id igljcs Tor reL-.arch r-.r.A response vill
be forthcoHiTiing as socrt .^s cur rer-caiih ul.-ff >.c-gir.s .i caily assess-
ment of the clippings.
Ey responding more quickly and responsibly to the Iestjcs brought forth
in the news, the Cabinet CoaiBittee and the President wiLI present #-vr .
a nore concerped and
Spanish cocsrunities.
8820
C3.-,-5--^
JGTON, D.C. S&0C6 (i02) 333-^
lUuiOlUNDUM FOR BOB KiARIK
FROM: ALEX ARMENDARIZ
SU3JKCT: CAMPAIGN REPORT
Kove::ber 14, 19/2
Attache*! pili.-ise find tl.e fiml vi;po;:t of the Spanish-speaking
carapaisn effort. As our field ^cyorts are still cov.iing in,
the states reports are still iticoiiipleLc! in so....^ .ir. -is.
Complete election outcome figures will .= I...o be Co/, "i:.., n'ng
as soon as analyses are complete.
8821
CONFIDKNTIAL
THE C.WJPAIGN TO RE-EI.ECT THK
THE PLAN TO CAPTURE THE SPANISH SPEAKING VOTE
SpanisK spoakiiig voters represent potential swing votes in five
■key states - California, Texas, New York, Illinois and New
Jersey. While this vote has been heavily Democratic in the past,
the President has a particularly good opportunity to enlarge his
share of this vote in 1972. His record on issues of interest to the
Spanish speaking is acceptable, he jias paid an unusual ainount of
attention to the group through appointments and grants, and signifi-
c.i.itly tl",e gro'ip is -dissatisfied with the attention tne Democratic
party has becii giving them.
The goal of tl;c Spanish sp.;.-l.i;;g organizations at IV^l and the AVhite
House is to e.xpicit this opportunity v.ith an action pro-ram coiu:en-
trated in the key states and designed to publicize the Prcsii'cnt's
concern for the Spanish speaking and the action he has taken on this
concern. •
The following sectic^ns outline how this is to be done:
I. Background on the Spanish Speaking Community. This
section describes tl--.e group and draws conclusions around
whicli we can build the campaign strategy.
\
JI. Cam::)aign Strategy. This sectipn outlines the general
strategy we expect to uSe ?.r:d tl;,e specific campaign tools
v.'e are planning for use in >..'plftii-:enting the strategy.
III. Campaign Oruanizaiior. This section describes the
organization at campaigrt headquarters, in the field, and
at the White House which will be responsible for imple-
meniing this plan.
IV. Tabs A to P: Action Steps. These tabs outline specific
actioiTsteps necessary to activate our campaign strategy.
8822
Appo;vr!icjcs_A to G^ Th
of the caiiipaigii organiz;
background data keyed tc
icios contain descriptions
v.'oH as miscellaneous
its in the text.
8823
BACXGj^OUND on the SPANISH SPEAKING COMMU;
There are 10. 6 rnillioA Sp.niish .• ;>o.---' •;! individuals in tl.c United
States according to Die 1970 c.-r..rv:s. Of fhis figure, 5.6 million are
of voting age. Thus, the Spanish speaking represent about 5. 6% of
the U. S. population and about 4. 2% of tlie U. S. population of voting
nge. This population breaks into four major subgroups of which the
M':-:vican American segment is the inost signific;-..'!t;
Total
Over 18 Year;
Mexican Aine rican
5.8
2.8
Puerto Rican
1.7
.3
Cuban
.7
.4
Other (75% Mexican
2. 1
1. 3
American)
Total
10. 6 MM
5. 6 v,>
Tlie Spanish speaking population is concentrated in only a haiidful of
the fifty states. About 90% of the total live in the following nine states:
Total
SS as
-Number
Spanish
% of Total
Over
Predominant
Speaking
Population
17.3
Eighteen
1,754,819
Subgroup
3.464,665
M-A
2, 137,481
19. 0
1,08 1,527
M-A
1,455.941
7. 9
482,361
PR •-:■■
451.382
6.6
296,632
Cuban "
434,819
42.8
245. 117
M-A
364, 397
3. 2
195, 196
M-A
360,089
20. 3
175,436
M-A
316,940
14. 3
152,038
M-A
310,476
4. 3
70, 122
PR
9.296.220
87.7 %
4,453,248
Sf-ito^_
California
Texas
New York
Florida
New Mexico
Illinois
Arizona
Colorado
New Jersey
Total
•"^■Puerto Rican only.
Furthermore, this. population is largo enough to affect tine election
Outcome in all of th.ese states. The table belov/ compares the .number
of Spanish speaking voters over IS with the 1968 election outcome
in the nine states.
8824
Republic a
.n
No. SS 18
or Dcnioc
rat
and Over
Pluralitj^
2, 107,895
223, 34 6
(H)
1, 08 1, 527
■ 38,960
(»)
1,065,831
370, 538
(«)
296,632
2 10.0 10
(R)
2 54, 117
39, 611
(H)
195, 196
134, 960
(R)
202, 176
96,207
(R)
182, 511
74, 17 1
(R)
244, 922
61,261
(R)
California ' ' 2,107,895 223,346 (R) 487,270
Texas 1,08 1,527 38,960 (D) 584.269
New York 1,065,83 1 370,538 (D) 358,860
Florida 296,632 2 10,0 10 (r) 624,207
New Mexico 254,117 39,611 (r) 25,737
Illinois 195,196 134,960 (r) 390,958
Arizona 202,176 96,207 (R) 46,573
Colorado 182,511 74,17 1 (R) 60,8 13
New Jersey 244,922 61,261 (R) 262,187
Of these states the President should carry .Ari:'.ona, Colorado and
Florida safely without lieavy reliance on the Soanish spor,ki;-.g. How-
ever, within six states - the key states of California, Try.-s, New
York, Illinois a;-,d Now Jersey (175 electoral votes) ar.d the r.on-key
>:tate. New Mexico (4 electoral votes) - the Spanish speakir.g vote
can'easily determine the outcome of the election. This is particularly
true in California and Texas where 11% swing and a 3. 5% swing res-
pectively would have changed the 1968 results (assuming all other
things equal and a 50% Spanish speaking turnout).
Moreover, within these six states, the large majority of the Spanish
speaking voters are concentrated in just 44 counties. This population
of 6, 193, 797 represents 58% of the total United States Spanish speaking
population. It represents higher percentages of the population in each
of the five key states: in California 2.74 million or 79% of the Spanish
speaking live in 17 counties; in Texas 1. 36 million or 64% live in 10
counties; in New York 1.37 million or 94% li\e An 1 counties; in Now
Jersey 243,000 or 73% live in 6 coujitics; in Illinois 286,000 or 78%
live in Cook County; in addition 194, 000 or 4 5% live in 3 New Mexico
counties. See Appendix A for a r;-ioro detailed breakdownT
While we do not have accurate figures on the Spanish speaking voting
patterns, the Institute of Annerican Research clajms that the Mexican
American vote has gone as follows since I960: in I960, 85% JFK vs.
15% RN; inl964, "90% LBJ vs. 10% Goldwator; in 1968, SV% IIWW, 10%
RN; 2% Wallace, 1% Others. As for the other groups, our Nev,/ York
8825
sources cslinmtc .that the President received 20% of the Puerto Rican
vote in 1968; and our Plori<!a sources tell us that about 75% of the Dado
County Cuban vole went to the President in 1968.
Leyond this information on the location and importance of the Spanish
r,pcaking vote, certain generalizations can be made about the
Spanish speaking population: (a) they generally have lower incomes
tlu.n the Anglos, but higher than Blacks; (b) they are mostly Catliolic;
(c) they are strongly family oriented; (d) th.cir culture is markedly-
different in many respects from mainstream U. S. cultur'e; (e) they
are less well educated than the average Anglo; (f) tliey are immature
politically as shown by the presence of many v/aring factions within '
each subgroup; (g) they are often distrustful of their own leaders;
(h) they h.ave not participated significantly in the political process in
most areas of tr.e United States, principally because of the language
barrier and tr.e resulting inconie levels; sv.d (i) Ir.ey feel that neither
.party.takes their problems.. to.heart i-.r.d pro\-i(ies l}'..-jjn with the attention
and assistance they need (See Appendix B). Beyond tiiese generalizations,
each subgroup has chatracterist'ics of its own which are significant to
the campaign strategy. ' •
MEXICAN AMERICANS ' •
As previously mentioned, Mexican Americans number at least seven
jnillion (7, 000, 000), eighty percent of whom live in the Southwest and
Far 'West. They will be a key determinant of the 1972 outcome in
California, Texas, Illinois, and New Mexico - states representing
101 electoral votes.
In both Texas and California tl-.e number of Mexican Americans exceeds
tlie number of Blacks, yet as a polilical force, they have been ignored
until recently. Hov.evcr, in 1970 they v/ere instrumental in both
Yarborough's primary defeat when Bcntscn strongly cultivated them,
and in Murphy's general election defeat after he was branded as being
pro producer. This voting power will become greater as the 1970
Voting Rights Act's elinnination of literacy requirements for voting has
its full impact.
8826
It is inipoitant to
]inos. Thr<,-u f)is
nii.lt'.Io class, (lie
soo.-kia
cldle cla:
that Mexican Ajr.criiaiis differ along class
classes arc discernible - the Spanish speaking
an poor, and the migrant v/orrcer. The Spanish
- --. _ aj-.d tlic urban poor arc the groat majority
of the probable voters and thvis become the target groups for the
campaign effort. The Spanish speaking middle class can go.-iorally
be described as those who have successfully crossed the lajiguaye
barrier and have won reasonably secure places in tlie eco;iomy as
blue and wliite collar v/orkers, professionals, and government worker
This group represents 30 to -10% of the Mexican Ainerican vote. The
urban poor (about 60To) are those who are not yet securely tied. into
the economy. They generally suffer from high unemployment rates
and high job turnover, hi
and apart from llic niainsti
diffio
;am United Stale:
and
We do not yet have satisfactory jjolHi-.g information to sh.i
.■similarities and differences butvv'oen these two cl.n.'.ses o;
(This information v/ill be available about May 15 - see Tc
information, on the survey.) However, we speculate at tl
the issues concerning them are as follows:
the
issues.
Spanish Spcakin:
Middle Class Is;
jes
Spanisli Speaking
Urban Poor Issues
economic development
bilingual education
higher education
job improvement programs
senior citizen programs
(non -institutional)
lav/ and order
bilingual education
job training programs
unemployment
di.scrimination
housing
police brutality
While the President's programs do not fulfill all the needs nor
abreviate all tlie concerns of these two groups, his record relative to
previous administrations is a good one. (See Tab B for details. )
The higlilights of the record are as follows:
-(a) . -Esfa))lishod the Cabinet Committee on Opportunities foj
the Spanish Speaking.
8827
(b) Initialed a Sixtcon Point ' PvO:Tr.;rn slinpcd to meet Spardsh
speaking needs rather than using proii;rnms designed for
Blacks,
(c) Made many high level appointn-.cjits (Sec App.?;-;<!ix T.).
(d) Jjiitiatcd economic development programs through OKO,
SB A, OMBE and GEO. . .
(p) Began work on the bilingual education problem.
This vote is traditionally Democratic; and it v/ent strongly against
the Pres'ident in 1968. And since then, there has not been a noticeable
swing toward the President in spite of his record. Hov/evcr, a force-
ful campaign co;v.bir.od with t'ne fact that some COP candidates do
well with tliis \'Olc (25% to Tower in 1966) gives us reason to feel that
the President can make inroads i.-.to t;;is vote tins year.
PUERTO RICANS
There a-c about-1. 7 million Puerto Ricans in the Uniicd States. Ninety
(90%) piTccnl of tliis number is concentrated in the urban centers of
New York, New Jersey, Pcnjisylvania and Connecticut. Others live
in Florida, California, Illinois, and Texas, but the numbers are not
ingnificant. We are concerned about tlie Puerto Ricaii vote in the two
states particularly iniportant to the national campaign - New York
(1,455,941 eligible Puerto Rican voters) and New Jersey (244,422
eligible voters).
Like the Mexican Americans, the Puerto Ricar.s break into two classes
the Spar.isli .^peaking niiddle class (about 30%) and the urban poor (about
70%). W'c surmise at this time that the main concerns of tj-.csc two
classes are much the sa.m.e as those of the .Mexican Ar.icricans.
'.Vith t'-.is group tlio President's record is less strong, iiigh level
ap^.ioir.t.i-.cnts h.avc not been made in great nuiTibers, and the unem-
ployment rate since 1969 has been particularly tough on them. The
New York Times recently estimated that >^ne half of the Puerto Ricans .
in Now York arc'on welfare. The Puerto Ricans .usually \oto heavily
8828
Doii.ocratic (6% for Buckley in 1970, :'Aj':'o f o ^- t!io A^.o:,ic'.v!.t in
1968), although some Republicans do v/cll in tliis con-rrriV.v.ily.
(Rockefeller got 36% of the 1970 vote. ) With Rockefeller as the
Re-election Cliairrnan in New York, wo iiope to benefit from his
popularity and exportjse in tl.is community.
CUBANS
There are an estimated 650, 000 Cubans in tk.e United States. The
largest concentration is in Florida - about '".00,000 with 300,000
living in Dade County aloi-,e. Others are in California (100, 000) and
in Texas (15, 000).
A-Iost Cubans have come into the country since 1959 to escape from
Castro. Because they are recent arrivals and many hope to returii
to Cuba, relatively f-;w Cubar.s h.ave beconie citi'/.cns and are thus
eligible to vote. About 70, 000 of Oie 650, 000 will be eligible in
1972. The Cubans then are not a significant voting block in any
state except Florida. Ar.d in Florida where t'-.erc will :)e about
45, 000 qualified Cuban voters, they will not be a key to t!-.e President
winning the state. In fact, the President has done well with tiiis
block in the past - he received some 75% of the eligible voters in
Dade County in 1968^ With work, we expect to do as well in 1972.
CONCLUSIONS
While we have yet to complete our research on the demographic
desoriptions, the issues of major concern, and the complete achieve-
ment record of the Nixon Administration for the Spanish speaking
community, we can reach several broad conclusions which can serve •
as the basis of tlie Spajrlsh speaking cai-apaign strategy.
(1) Spanish speaking voters are a significant voting block in six
states - five of which are key states. "■
(2) Within tiicse five key stato-s, the Spanisli speaking are 'concen-
trated in -11 counties.
__i3) _ The Spanis1i_speaking are a co.rnrnu.riity_apart.fr;oj.n .the_n-iainstream
United States culture. They want very much to belong, but they
are most conscious of the factthat they are treated di-fferently. -
8829
from I'tb.or white populations. This sets the loiio of general
ci:, K.f isf.:u;tion found in many qvKiitr!rs of tlie cornniiinity today.
(4) The Spanisli sjjerjking corriinunity is highly segn-icnted; it
divides into lliree major subgroups - Mexican American, ■
Puerto I^ican And Ci:ban; witl-.in the Mexican American and
Pvlcrto Rican groups there is further segmentation along
income or class lines.
(5) The Spanish speaking have voted heavily Democratic in the
past, but tliey are disillusioned with attention tliey have boon
receiving fron^i the Democrats.
(6) ■ Tlie President has an acceptable record on issues of interest
to this group; and it is better than any previous Presidejit' s.
(7) Yet the President's record is not widely known nor has it yet
generated a major swing toward him.
(8)' The Sp<-ni.-,h speaking midr.le class .se;j;r.c):t of (he coniTriunity
is jTxOie in tune wit'n \]:'^ Pre si.-lo;;t' s pi-.ilo;;.;phy t'lan is tlie
urban ,.oor segment.
(9) 'The Spanish speaking are just becoming politically aware and
sliould react to attention.
(10) The Spanish speaking feel that the Blacks have been given more
favorable attention than they have received.
(11) The community leadership is factionized and the people do not
necessarily have co;ifid.;i".ce in their own leaders.
In summary* th.e Spanish speaking community is st rat e::;ically located;
and although it l.as voted niainly for tlie Democrats in the'past, th.e
President has an opportunity to increase his sup-jort from tl-.is ;^'ro-up
in 1972.
8830
II CAMPAIGN STRATEGY
The goal of ihc 1972 campaign for tlic Spanish spcaU.i.g vote is
sti-aight forward - to swing to the President those Spanis'n speaking
votes necessary to win those key states where this vote is a factor.
The basic approach for achic\dng this goal is also straight forward -
to publicize the President's concern for this group and his record in ■
taking action on this concern.
CAMPAIGN STRATEGY •' ' • .
Based on the conclv.sioris in the previous section, our sti-alegy to
implement the canipaign approach is as follows:
(1) . Concentrate ovir campaign efforts in the key states and in
the key counties within eacli of tliese states.
{?.) Pilch Ihc field organizations effort lo pv^-rsuailir-g ar,d getting
v-'ul liic Spanish speaking middle class vote; hut attempt to
appeal to all segments of the voter group in the media and public
relations aspect of the campaign.
(3) Use all possible means to publicize the Pi'^esident' s record in
the Spanish speaking community.. This publicity will emphasise
that the President understands the group's special problems rnd
that he cares that these problems be addressed. Use appoint-
ment record to show that group members fit into the President's
team and are needed.
(4) Stvidy the attitudes of each segnient of the c 0171;. ".unity so that
the specific campaign appeals for each segment are-in language
and about issues \<.;iicli each relates to.
(5) Stress voting for the President, not the GOP. Don't put issues
in traTditional party te;rms. ■
(6) Conduct an active grass roots cainp^iign. Wide voter contacts
thx-Ojjgh rcspcxlcd Jcadcrs_ajid-pcjir group members on behalf
of the Px'esident can help break down the predilection to vote
Democratic.
8831
(c) Convention activities involving tlic Spanish speaking
delegates and their support for the I'resident.
(f) Dcvelopipent of appropriate advertising ai;ncd at the
. ■ Spanish speaking voter.
(g) Orgar.ization of a press effort at the White' House to
manage the Spanish speaking publicity campaign.
(4) Organize a strong field effort to reach the individual Spanish
■ speakir.g voter on tlie personal level. Tlie tools we willuse to
do this are: "' -
(a)- Organization of an . fi.>r: to obtain' a 1, 000, 000 signature
petition endorsing the President's record.
(b) Direct mail programs designed to .duress issues of concern
and to generate local volunteers.
(c) A bilingual tclcpr.one program in key counties to^ersuade
and to get out tlie vote.
(d) Strong local .advance work to turn the community out to
hear pro-Administration speakers.
(e) Brochure an,d bumper sticker distribution in key precincts
. within key counties. ;
The action steps necessary to implement each of the above tools are
described in Section IV, Tabs A to P. The next section describes
the organization that will be required to imploinent this strategy and
these plans.
8832
III ORGANIZATION
Four major organix.ational entities will work together to implement
the campaign strategy:
The cainpaign staff for the national, state and county levels.
The Wlute Ilovise Spanisli Speaking Constituent Group Task
Fo r c c .
The Spanish Speaking Citizens for the Re-election of tlie ' .
PrcsiiJcnt Committees at the national, stale and county
.levels.
The Cabinet Committee for Opportunities for Spanish
Speaking.
Eath ;;r'"Hjp h.as coinplimejita ry respo:;.-,i iji ;it ies .n :^(1 ;'-..-ir r-.c'.ivities
willbe coordinated by Fred Malck. Tlic summary purpose • :'.d
jresponsibilities of each group are as follows:
II) The purpose of tlie cainpaign staff is to iTianage the campaign
effort. This role includes the responsibility for developing the
tampaign plan: for organizing the Spanish sjseaking campaign teams
at the state and county levels in conjunction with Nixon State Campaign
Directors; for directing the Spanish speaking campaign at the national
level including development of advertising, direct mail, and campaign
brochures; and for seeing that the campaign plan is impleniented at
the state and local levels. '
To carry out t'nis responsibility will require two Mexican Anr.erican
field men, one Puerto Rican field iiian and three secretaries for
clerical support. See Appendix C for a full description of this
Organization.
(2) The purpose of the White House Spanish Speaking Constituent
Group Task 'P'orcc is to mobilize the resoirces of the Executive
Branch in support o,f the ca-.i-ip.iign effort. Tins task force is res-
ponsible for helping position tlic President properly on issues of
interest to the Spanish speaking, lor obtaining Spanish speaking per-
sonnel appointments, grants and other program initiatives; for plannmc;
ard staging publicity events, for uiin.ii the power of the While House
8833
and the Departments to publicize the President and his record in
the Spanisli speaking community, to arrange for and schedule
Administration spokesmen, and to research the President's record.
This gl-oup will be headed up by Bill Marurnoto who will in addition
concentrate on public relations activities. Carlos Condc heads up
the media pablicity effort, provides the technical expertise to obtain
press and media coverage, and is the writer for the Task Force.
Tony Rodriquez will schedule our Spanish speaking appointees (working
through the 1701 and appropriate state speakers bureaus)as well as pro\
qualified Spanish speaking candidates for Administration appointment
Opportunities. (See Appendix D) ' ,
(~3) The purpose of the Spanish Speaking Citizens for the Re-election
of the President is to do\elop grass roots support for llie President.
It will work witli the Spanish Speaking Camj^'-'-S'i Director iji his effort
to assist tjie Stale Campaign Directors in orgar.i/.ir.g state ajid county
Spanish Speaking Citizens Groups, to obtain cndor si-i-:-.cnts from indi-
viduals and organizations, and in geiierating volunteers to a-asist in
the campaign at the local level. (See Appendix E)
(4) The Cabinet Comr:->ittee for Opportunities for Spanish Speaking
v/ill provide research and staff support to the White House Task,
Force for all phases of the campaign effort. In addition, its Chair-
nian, Henry Ramirez, should be a powerful recruiter of Spanish
speaking support. (See Appendix F)
1EB__MACRUDEr] [fRED >'AI.EK
I FRAXK HERRINGER | 1 AJ.EX AIOiKNDAKTZ |
FTELDMAN I FIELDMAN II
DAVID FLORENCE SYLVIA GARCIA
lELDMAN III T
RANK^AI£':.''£IIKrJ
ORGANIZATION CR,\RT (SPANISH-SPEAKING DIVISION)
8835
Committee
for the Re-election
of the President wei
Exhibit 17 a
PlNNinVXNIA AVtNUI, N.W, WAIMINOION. O.C 3000* (3M) JJI-OVIB
June 7, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR HENRY RAMIREZ
FROM: ALEX ARMENDARIZ
SUBJECT: PUBLICITY
How about taking a slap at Lindsay?*
Enclosure
8836
SUNDAY;gTSrEV/S
SUN. 3.221.849
MAY 1 4 1972 ^^
Slaii 9mm
Bj RUDY GAUaA
Mayor Lindsay's atleropt to cut
the fat ont of his proposed 1D72-
73 expense butJjel by iJckUnc *
Boat^ of Education request for
fll.9 million for bilingual educa-
tion programs may end- up in
a court case and wifli bodio red
faces at City Hall.
Ai things now «land thera is
a good chance that the city may
be in violation of the 19C4 Civil
Kights Act for failing to pro-vide
adequala educational opportuni-
ties for non-English spcaVing
students In the public sciioolB.
Latest figures indicate that
160,814 children. 14Ci of the total
New York City public school pop-
ulation of 1,141,078. hava mod-
erate to acTcra English language
difficulties.
Yet, except for the salaries of
most of the 2.58 bilingual teachers
Ih the system, ^not one penny of
city tax funds is specifically ear-
xnarVed for bilingual educational
programs.
Ma]9rlty Puerto RicaD
- The majority of these students
are Puerto Rican (94,800) bat
there are thousands from such
other ethnic minority groups as
Chinese, Greek, Haitian and Ital
Ian, who also require apcci&l eda
cationa] programs to oTercome
language barriers. - '" ■--
"1 believe that New YorVs rec-
ord In dealing -with this problem
is terrible and this latest move
to delete the %IIJ9 million Is on
conscionahle," said Rep. Herman
Badillo (D-N.Y.). "There is no
reason wiiy tnx fund* c&nnot be
apcnt on bilincnal programs in
equitable amounts relating to the
tif of the problem. We have
<f ot to stop looking to Wsshini;-
:ton or Albany to eolre.aU of
our troubles." -
Badillo believes t\at even the
111.9 million is iaxdequate to
n^eel the needs of the non-Eng-
li5h speaking 5tiidrut5. and he is
pot the only one. Bronx Borough
PresiJcnt Robert Ahrams, who
sits on the Board of Estimate
which can rcinslale the budget
line request, ha.-* called on the
bo.nrd to reverse the mayor's ac-
tion.
Jarils Steps la
And, perhaps mure significant-
ly. Sen .Tarob J.-»rirs (R-N.Y.)
has already askrd l\c federal Dc-
parfT»>cnt of Hcallk. Education
and Welfare to look into the mat-
ter with a vie\r toward dctermin- ■
Ing whether the city is in viola-'
tion nf the Civil Eights Art.
TiUe VI of the act specifical-
ly refers to discrimisialion in edu-
cation and has been in:p!emented
Lr 'a memorandun from Ihe
HEWs Office for Civfl Rights
to school districts %ri;h more than
5% nalional-origTa minority
group chihlrcn srtliijf forth cer-
tain criteria which must be met.
Chief among thc5r criteria is
the requirement to provide ade-
quate programs to give the stu-
dents the necessary English lan-
jHJage skills in onler to allo\r
them to function ia the regular
education ptructure.
Less than JIO million In federal
and state special f-omls arc allo-
cated to bilingual programs by
the local school districts which
receive B»ch aid, a sum which
doesn't even "begin to deal witll
the problem. .
Tragic RefWlion* - " ,
The mayor, of course, feels
that he it in a fviancial bind
and hasn't any other choice. Sally
Bowles,' his cduraSonal liaison
aide, calls the education "budget
he submitted **a tra;:ic reflection
of the finnnrial crisis in the city."
The "budget contained no in-
crwiscs except those mandated by
increased enrollnient. and abso-
lulelj* no money for nor or ex-
panded programs, la addition, no
tax funds were provided for any
progrnnis for whici there were
avail.ible federal or *tatc monies.
However, with bolh HEW and
the U.S. Commiysirn on Civil
Rights looking inte the matter.
it appears that what Sally Bowles,
calls the mayor's nwral 'dilemma I
may soon becohte a "legal dilemma I
Unless the city restores the funds. '
8837
Exhibit 18
■ . ^ ::;:-- -^ May 2, 1972
MEMORANDUM FORj - : ' / , ; - BOB FINCH ,' •';
FROM: '. : ; FRED MALEK ,; .
SUBJECT: Janjcs Farmer
Following our conversation I have had several meetinge with Jim
Farmer and have had him meet with Bob Brown and Paul Jones
{the head of the campaign^a Black Vote Division). The results of ' .
these nieetings and follow-up actions which I have instigated are
5 8 follows: -v^^*^ ■"•^.<' z, ■■"'_ /'^'.- ■';. -Vl^ r /; J ■ ;- . / ^ ' "..
I. . Farmer has been given a grant from OE to fund his :
project here in Washington, .". ' ; . " . , ".
2. He will noj/be able to spend a major part of his time
on the above project while also making time available to
the rs-election efforts. . . ,.' - . - _ . ■ ' - V-
3. He has agreed to do speaking on our behalf and also
. to tallc to key black leaders in an effort to gain their
loyalties* /. . . ....
I feel that Himi is in a position to make a major contribution to our
effort and aiTi com^fidont that he will. At the same time we are going
to try to maintain his involvennent in a manner that is not overtly ,
partisan and does not harm his credibility. .
Many thanks for getting this started and for putting me onto it.
8838
CO'vlMiTTEE FOR THt; r;!I-E!_ECTION OF THE P I C E 5 1 0 .'£ Nl
April 18, 1972
CONFIDEIvTIAL
MEKORi\Nl)in-l FOR: W<. FRED i-LALEK
FROM: PAUL R. JONES
SUBJECT: Meeting \n th James Earner
In the F.rown-Jones meeting with James Fanner, the folloxv-
ing points of interest were discussed:
1. Farmer's willingness to work in support of the
President. (It v;as agreed he might better
serve at this time by maintaining a "non-
partisan posture.) Jim expects to build on
the attitude coming out of Gary.
2. His speaking engagements (he is to send a
list of his engagements). We will seek to
arrange media interviews in connection with his
key appearances.
3. Farmer's interest in funding for his think tank
proposal. He's seeking $200,000 seed money froi^i
HEW. (This should be moved on but should allow
for a final Brown-Jones check-off in order to
re-inforce Farmer's involvement. Additionally,
tiero is some need that the think tank initially
focus on key issues of interest to Black voters.
COMFIDEKTIAI.
8839
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION. AND WELFARE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
WASHINGTON. D C. 20201
MAR 8 1974
Mr. Samuel Dash
Chief Counsel
Select Committee on Presidential
Campaign Activities
United States Senate
Washington, D. C. 20510
Dear Mr. Dash: /
Thank you for your letter of FeLruary 28 inquiring about a grant
involving Mr. James Farmer.
For 1973- '74, a grant of $150,000 was awarded to Howard University under
Title V, Part E of the Education Professions Development Act (Training
Higher Education Personnel). Mr. James Farmer is serving as the
Director of this project (Number 73-5354). In the program, approximately
35 faculty members from small developing colleges are receiving training
in the history of governmental policy making in education, the present-
day factors influencing educational policies, and how future educational
policies will be determined. Other institutional policies are being
similarly studied. Participants are attending seminars on a part-time
basis between July 10, 1973 and May 30, 1974 and will have a concluding
full-time weeklong session between June 24 and June 30, 1974.
Further documentation regarding this grant is on file in the Office of
Education. However, for your information, I have enclosed an outline
"Plan of Operation" as submitted by Howard University and an article
about the program from the July 9, 1973 Education Daily.
I hope that this information will be of assistance.
Sincerely yours,
'ClLl^M^
Charles Miller
Acting Assistant Secretary, Comptroller
8840
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8841
Page 2 Education Daily July 9. 1973
FARMER, HOWARD U. START ' HINK TANK" FOR MINORITIES . Demonstrations
and marches kept tne progress of civil riglits for minorities rolling smoothly in the 1960's,
but that progress has halted in the 1970's and a "new vehicle" is needed to get it going
again, according to civil rights leader James Farmer.
Farmer, founder and former national director of the Congress of Racial Equality and a
former Assistant Secretary of HEW, said Friday he believes that new vehicle il a
"think tank" designed to analyze the process of power and ways blacks and other minorities
can influence the exercise of power.
The first step, Farmer told a press conference, is the Public Policy Training Institute,
set up v.ith a $150,000 grant from the Office of Education channelled through Washington's
Howard University. The PPTI is aimed at the faculty from "developing institutions --
that's a euphemism for black colleges, " Farmer said. The rationale for the Institute is
based on the principle that government works for those who influence it best. "PPTI will
examine the workings of the system to determine the most effective means for minorities
to influence its actions, policies and decisions, so that blacks and other minorities will
no longer stand outside the realm of real power, confusing rhetoric with power, and
reaching to the influence and power of other citizens. What we seek is not ivory-towerism
. . . PPTI. . . seeks to produce a wedding of the thinkers and the doers. "
Top Policy Makers In its first year, the PPTI plans a series of seminars for about
30 teachers from black colleges -- 26 are already picked and others have applications
pending -- who will listen to the thoughts of top policy makers and contribute to a final
report on "Minorities and Public Policy." Speakers range from HEW Secretary Caspar
Weinberger to NAACP Washington Lobbyist Clarence Mitchell.
Other speakers Include OE Deputy Commissioner Peter Muirhead and Office of Manage-
ment and Budget Deputy Director Frederic Malek; columnists Jack Anderson, Robert
Novak, and James J. Kilpatrick; Senators Birch Bayh (D-Ind. ), Jacob Javits (R-N. Y. ) and
Edward Kennedy (D-Mass. ); and Reps. Charles Diggs (D-Mich. ), Augustus Hawkins ID-
Calif. ), and Edith Green (D-Ore.).
Improve the Quality of Life A failure of the movement in the 1960''s was that it did
not "improve the quality of life" for minorities. Farmer said. AH the progress did little
for the quality of health care or the delivery of education services, he said. That's what
he hopes to achieve with the PPTI and the larger "Council on Minority Planning and
Strategy" (COMPAS) -- the ultimate "think tank" of which PPTI is part.
Get Minorities In the System Explaining how the "think tank" would function in a
practical way. Farmer noted the theory that the real power of government lies at the GS-
15 level. Suppose the PPTI concludes that's a valid theory. Then the strategy will be to
urge more young college blacks to get into the management intern programs that lead to
GS-15's.
Future in Private Funds Farmer said he regards ±he OE grant as "seed money. "
The future of the program lies with finding private support to undertake such topics as how
to close the black-white income gap.
The first PPTI session is set for July 10 at the Washington Technical Institute. The speak-
er will be Columbia Professor of Government Charles Hamilton. For more information,
write Farmer at the Public Policy Training Institute, Suite 319, The Highlands, 1914
Connecticut Avenue, N.W. , Wasnington, D.C. 20009.
PPII
8842
PUBLIC POLICY TRAINING INSTITUTE
Howard University
Train Personnel ol Developing In^iiiiilioi-.s in Influencing Pultlic Policy
Director:
J ami
;s Farmer
Assistant
Director:
Robert E;irl Pipes
Adniinist
rative Assistant:
Mrs.
Bertley E. Rim
The HiGHUNDS
Suite 819
1914 Connecticut Ave..
Washington. DC. 20009
(202) 234-7551
April 23, 1974
Mr. Samuel Dash
Chief Counsel
Select Committee on
Presidential Campaign
Activities
Washington, D. C. 20510
Dear Mr. Dash:
I am in receipt of your letter of April 4, informing me of allegations,
from White House or Committee for the Re-election of the President
memoranda, that my "receipt of federal minority fund assistance was
politically motivated."
The grant to which you referred was one to conduct a public policy
training institute for higher education personnel, with special
emphasis upon developing institutions. There was no quid pro quo
involved in the receipt of this grant, i.e., the grant was neither in
payment for services rendered, nor in payment for services to be
rendered.
I cannot at this time respond in detail to any allegations made, since
I have not seen the memoranda in which they are contained (two para-
graphs from one memorandum were read to me over the phone by Select
Committee staff). I should be happy, however, to testify on this
matter before a closed session of the Select Cotranittee if such testimony
is desired.
Enclosed for your information are: (1) a Public Policy Training
Institute brochure which explains the purposes and methods of this
institute, and (2) an "Interim Report" on the institute's program
recently submitted to the Office of Education.
Sincerely yours.
James Farmer
Director
Enclosures (2)
8843
JAKES FAR^IFF!
I, James Farmer, a resident of V/ashinrton, D.C, belnp-
duly sworn, hereby depose and say as follows:
Upon resigning as an Assistant Secretary of HEW In
December, 1970, I announced my Intention to organize a private,
non-profit "think-tank" on the problems of blacks and other
minorities in order to determine v;here we go from here and how
the leETltimate minority p-oals can best be attained in the
complex days of the seventies and beyond.
Believinp- that the federal p-overrment has a resnonsibillty
to assist in sunnortinr such an effort aimed at studying nubile
policy, "ensurine: domestic trannulllty" and "promoting the
general welfare," I submitted to HEV/ a proposal for initial
funding of such an effort In 1971.
The proposal appeared to move normally through the grant
awarding channels of HEW, until about March of 1972, when I
understood that the idea had stalled somewhere at the V</hlte
House. Not being familiar with most of the White House person-
nel, and not knowing where it might be stalled, I made an
appointment with Fred Maiek, a former colleague from HEW whom I
understood to be in charge of personnel at the lifhite House and
to have considerable Influence there.
Consequently I met with "^'r. ^alek in early April of 1972.
I showed Malek the prospectus of my program and he thought it
O - 74 - pt. 19-17
8844
Affidavit of
James Parmer
Page 2
to have merit. I asked him to try to find out where it was
"stuck" and if possible to unstick it. He promised to do that,
and suggested that if I met with Robert Brown, a special
assistant to the President, such a meeting nirht prove helnful
toward that end. Knowlnp; of Mr. Brown's interest In matters of
concern to blacks, and considering him a friend, I readily
asreed to do that. Malek offered to set un such a meeting —
which he later did.
Further in the above conversation with Mr. Malek, he
informed me that he was no longer in charge of personnel at the
White House, but had a new assignment at CRP, working with
"ethnics" In support of the President. I commented upon the
difficulties of that assignment, particularly with blacks, in
light of the almost totally negative image that the President
had among them. He indicated his impression that the image
was changing and would change even more.
Subsequently, also in April 1972, I met with Robert Brown
in Brown's office. In the meeting arranged by Malek. In addi-
tion to Brown, Mr. Paul R. Jones was also oresent at this meet-
ing. Malek was not present. I discussed with Brown and Jones
my think tank proposal, which I had discussed previously with
Mr. Brown in 1970 and 1971. I told them that there now
appeared to be some difficulty in the funding of this program,
which had nothing to do with the validity of the idea or the
merit of the proposal. I told them that I did not know where
It was being held up, but understood that the holdup was some-
where at the White House. I stated further that I needed to
know where and why it was being blocked or delayed, and to try
8845
Affidavit of
I James Farmer
1 Page 3
to get It moving. They expressed surorlse and shock that It
had not already been funded, and promised to do all that they
could to find out where it was snagged and to try to free it
up because they believed it to be an excellent idea deserving
of governmental support.
Later in the conversation I Inoulred about their current
;j activities and plans, and was told that both were going all out
i in support of the President's re-election and that Mr. Jones was
ii working for CP in an effort to Increase black support.
I commented to my two black brothers, Messrs. Brown and
Jones, on what an enormously difficult task they had taken on.
I reiterated my long-held vievj, which I have voiced publicly
since 1965, that it is a mistake for all blacks to be
: irrevocably tied to either party, for one party then tends to
j take them for granted and the other writes them off as unat-
Ij tainable. The better strategy, providing more political
i; leverage, I maintained, was for us to be prepared to vote for
candidates regardless of party label, depending upon their
positions and records on issues of interest to minorities.
I pointed out that this viev; is gaining credence am.ong
blacks--witness the p'rowint? tendency to snlit our tickets,
votlnc ^or some Henocrats, som.e 'Republicans, and some
independents. I expressed eratif icatlon that Mayor Richard
Hatcher of Gary, Indiana, had stated that view in his address
at the National Black Political Convention at Gary (which I
did not attend) and that such a view had been adopted as the
official view of that Convention. I further stated my opinion
that they (Brown and Jones) would be well advised to stress
8846
Affidavit of
James Farmer
Page 1
that view (which I held as a principled one), for they would
find more receptivity to It In the black community than they
would find to an appeal to back the President.
They asked my views on the Administration vis a vis
minorities. I explained that In all my lectures and other
public presentations I felt that In good conscience I had to
express both the positives and the negatives — positives such
as the Philadelphia Plan (later dropned), the Family Assistance
Plan (also abandoned), support for minority enterprise and
sunnort for Affirmative Action with numerical goals and
timetables; and negatives like the weakening of desegregation
guidelines, exploitation of the busing issue, certain nomina-
tions to the Sunreme Court, failure of the President to use
the moral force of his Office to continue progress toward
equality, and failure to support vital parts of the anti-
poverty program.
They expressed pleasure that I state the positive as well
as the negative and asked whether I would allow them to alert
the media to cover lectures which I was scheduled to give in
various cities, and whether I would send them a list of such
engagements scheduled for the summer months. I reclled that of
course I always welcomed the media at m.y lectures, and I would
have no objections to sending such a listing. (However, I never
sent them a listing of my lectures, and they never again
requested it. )
They also asked whether I would be willing to speak at
meetings to which they might invite me--such as businessmen's
8847
|i Affidavit of
:,' James Farmer
I' Pape 5
! groups, professional clubs and associations, etc. My response
]■ was that, as a professional lecturer, I would not automatically
I' turn down lecture reauests simply because the Invitations cane
• from Reoublican sources any more than I would reject those
ij
i which came from Democrats — but that I would consider each on
;. the basis of its merits. I made it clear though that I would
; not speak at campaign meetings, and that any speeches I did give
(I would be along the lines indicated above regarding my views on
'; the best strategy for oolitical leverage and on the Admlnistra-
'.' tlon's civil rights record. They thought that that would be
fine. However, I was not invited to sneak at any meetings and
SDoke at none. >!or did I talk to any black leaders, or anyone
else. In an effort to secure their sunnort for the re-election
effort.
To repeat, I did no camnaigning whatever, in any shape,
j; manner or form. That fact is a matter of the public record.
ji
jl Also a matter of record, is the fact that my think tank
li project, the Public Policy Training Institute, was not funded
i\ until May 1, 1973 — six months after the election. The funding
j: was not a part of any quid pro quo: it was not payment for any
services rendered to the camnaign, for there were no services
rendered by me to the camnaign .
c
Washington. ) ^^ James Warmer
District of CoUimbia ) June 26, ISJl^
Subscribed and sworn to before me
this ^^tl> day of UiAn<r, 191^.
My commission expires: / O /? / /yjf
/Notary Public
8848
Commiitee for the Re-election of the-Ppssident
MEMORANDUM J"ly 1'^. 1572 ^
■4~n'
lirVJ'J-VUn FOR: MR. FRED ^L••AEK
fro::: PAUL R. JOliL^ /
SUBJECT: V.'eakly
M/yJOR ACCOMPLISiL-'EliTS
Conferred with Ohio Republican / Democrat representatives in a prelicinary neeting
prior to visit to Ohio for organizational purposes.
Met with head of Cotrjnitee for the Re-election of the President attorneys citizens
group and local Black attorneys (Ed Se::toa also) and developed approach to be taken
at the upcoming Katicnal Black Ear Association's Convention to secure Black attorneys
for service on Clack citizens cor^nittees and on overall attorneys groups.
Met with E:<ecutive Director of the Black Manufacturers Association on forthcoming
role in canpaign and received their list of concerns.
Visited by recently formed New Jersey Black Republican delegation and spent con-
siderable time discussing the role they will play in the Ki:con state operation.
Contacted by Dr. J. H. Jackson, President, National Baptist Convention, and received
stronger indications he is becoaing increasingly interested in receiving official
recognition as well as invitation to play active role in support of re-electing the
Presid'jnt. (Again, suggest you provide assistance in gotring Presidential invite
for Dr . JacksLjn) .
Held luncheon meeting with Executive Director of National Kev.spaper Publishers
Association and received detailed briefing on political leaning of each mer^ber
papor.
Corresponded with all present Elack State Chairmen.
KcccivcJ indications of interest from Black DenocraCs attending National Conventi6n
in Mia;?.i Beach — v.'anting to support re-election of the President.
Thru V.tiite House conLcK.ts initiated new efforts to assist Ciuu'les v.'allace. President,
i'.illncc- f. '..'allace I'u^l Oils, in o.erco-iipg present constraints to e::pand his business,
inis ;;.iS, for the Lir.e being, allowed us to assist a staunch Kixon support-.^r.
ii-r;:-. :i celegnticr. oi 20 Black stuiient:; (16-18 years old) frotr. Green County Alabanui
■.'ho :;r: participating in tb.e l"xp-3riv.:arital School Program sponsored by Hi;'.:. Invited
;■.;■—;■--__: ion Coi.L'nit tee's Youth Divisioi>. to address the group. Distributed Black cam-'
pji-;^. it-Lorr^ation to c;ich ana held a len-liiy briefing. Also arranged a tour of
tlie V...::o House with I'.lnok i.nito House intucn. (Original contact camo through :;£.\.
where i..^. have insi.ie contact).
8849
in noiUiag i-iLh various State Cfi.:iirn:.ui cr;tr.Mii.heJ s;K:cific appiroriches for Ci.aci'.
ECaLc crganization cnir.pr.ign plan.
VlsiteJ by K.! Gannon, Special Assistant to Charles Walker (Treasury Department).
Asdls^rd bin. in dcvelopi:'enL of speecii by \.',il't;er for t'uc. i'.lack Bankers mcetino in
Atlanta. In return v/as briefed on Adainistration't; lilack Bank Deposit Program.
PERSO'-".-EL
V.'eeks of negotiations vith Tony MeDonald and Stan Scott concluded v;ith agreement
to bring Calhoun onboard. It is, at last, a difficult, strained arrangement.
jncerned over ti>e lack of budget for Black State/City operations is
ronounced since the past \,eeks round of State conferences.
The growing demand for field visits to key areas intensifies our need to finalize
field operations and field staff. Ve have good alternate candidates in mind,
organizational plans, which are nov; delinquent, are not operable. All that is
needed is your approval.
ILUOR ACTIVITIES PLA-:KF.D
Final dcvelopneut of specific action steps x.-ith target dates are planned to iitiple-
ment :
1. Formulation of special groups
2. Mailings
3. Surrogates program
4. Dinners and receptions in key cities
5. Finalize Convention plans
6. Meet with Mr. Malek
7. Black volunteers.
Rei-ponding to Austin, Texas request of Marci Saul, staCf person for Senator
Towers to address luncl-.eon neeting leadership conference (see attached).
Traveling to Detroit, ^'ich. to neet with key Black leaders thru request of
tiichigan State Chair.-^ian during the State meetings held here.
8850
Wallace an J Wallace
9ue/Oi-/Go.S7nc.
Ki*lvwc o$ t:^ii
Commercial and Residential
205 28 MURDOCK AVENUE
HOLLIS. NEW YORK 11412
212 ■16'1 3737
164-3335
September 12, 1972
Gentlemen:
You have, or soon will have, an 8-A Contract. The 8-A Program
is the most dynamic progrsn; that has ever been instituted for
minorities. It is essential that this program continue to grow
without delay.
When the present administration troh over in 1968, there were
eight qualified contractors in this program, and seven contracts
awarded which totaled $10,493,524. Four years later, under the
same administration, thcr ^ -c a tc :_-l of 1582 qualified contijact-
ors under the 8-A Progran; winch tctc i s $147,087,028. This program
is trying to reach a goal of over a Ijillion dollars for its minor-
ity citizens.
I believe that you can understand the significance of such a pro-
gram with the government spending trillions of dollars in contracts
and other forms, and very little h;_.s been directed to the minority
citizen. Under the present administration, this has changed.
I have personal assurance from tho President of the United States
(see attached letter) that he is hi?;-.iiid this program, v;hich he has
shown through his deeds and actior.s.
I cannot tell you how important it is that we go out into the field
and try to get the President re-olocted. It is too late for minori-
ties to take a chance on another administration at this crucial
point who may or may not bo dedicated to our cause to bring minori-
ties into the economic main stream. Ke will never get out of the
ghetto until we have strong minority businessmen in our community.
The white community stays rmt of t'.-.'j ghetto through its businessmen.
8851
It is essential that we do not concern ourselves this year with
problems such as busing and other minute problems. If we are
eco:-,c:nically strong, then eighty-five percent of our problems
will disappear.
I l.clieve beyond a doubt that we should support the present ad-
ministration one hundred percent.
Very truly yours.
WALLACE FUEL
INC.
a-; : :: c
Eiiclv^sures
Charles Wallace
President
8852
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 14, 1971
Dear Mr. V/allace:
Your letter of September 1 has come to my attention,
and I want to assure you of my strong interest in the
8-A Program. While there have doubtless been some
gro\ving pains as this program expanded, it is good to
know you share my belief that the 8-A concept offers
a unique and very desirable opportunity for minority
enterprises - indeed, some 500 firms have taken ad-
vantage of the program in the past fiscal year alone.
I have asked my staff to look into your specific
suggestions about making the program even more
effective, especially in the area of appointments in
the Small Buoiness Administration where responsibil-
ity for the day-to-day administration lies. Your
comments about the 8-A program are highly valued,
for it is our hope the program can continue to be an
important means to bring minority businessmen into
the mainstream of economic competition and, ultimately,
to build a firm structure of economic opportunity for
all minority peoples.
With my best wishes,
Sincerely
Mr. Charles Wallace
President
Wallace &: Wallace Fuel Oil Company, Inc.
E05-28 Murdock Avenue
Hollis, New York 11412
8853
Please answer the following:
1) Do you support the President in his efforts to bring the
minority into the economic main stream?
Yes No
J) Will you get out and help the PreL'5dcnt be re-elected so
that he can continue this program?
Yes___ Ho
3) Do you believe that the 8-A Progr.ni; has done all it can to
lielp you?
Yes *No
This questionnaire is designed solely to poll the opinion of
one of the most dynamic programs that v.-as ever instituted to help
minorities. We wish to know your feoli'^gs on it. Your answers
will not affect your status on the 8-A Program.
We obtained your name and address frcin public records.
Through businessmen such as ourselvep, this is the only way we will
ever be able to get our people out of vi o ghetto. This is why it
is important to me to know how all of ^-ou feel and how we can im-
prove the program.
We must keep any administration in pc . . .■ {.bat is dedicated to this
program.
WALI,7iCj;; & VJALLACE FUEL OIL CO., INC.
'If your answer is "No", please let me know so. that we can
attempt to solve your problem.
e«wf>uU^
8854
STATE OF NEW YORK)
: ss.
COUNTY OF QUEENS )
CHARLES WALLACE being duly sworn disposes and says:
1. This affidavit is submitted in response to
the erroneous allegations made concerning my
company receiving approximately $2,000,000
in SBA 8 (a) contracts in exchange for political
support of the 1972 presidential re-election
effort as set forth in a letter to me dated
April 4, 1974 by the Chief Counsel of the
United States Senate Select Committee on
Presidential Campaign Activities.
2. During the course of the last several years
my company received the following SBA 8 (a)
Contracts :
Estimate
Date Contract Dollar Amount
9-9-70 SB2-0315-8 (a)-71 $ 297,908.00
10-1-71 SB2-10-8(a)-72C-006 1,059,038.00
11-15-72 SB2-10-8(a)-73C-052 71,610.00
10-26-72 SB2-10-8(a)-73C-022 2,146,220.00
10-1-73 SB2-10-8 (a) -74C-039 3,730,298.00
3. I hereby state unequivocally that none of these
contracts were received in exchange for political
support of the 1972 presidential re-election effort.
4. As is abundantly clear from the two brochures
submitted with this affidavit, it has always been
iiiy policy to support candidates of any and all
political persuasion that do more than pay mere
lip service to the needs of minority groups. That
8855
will always continue to be my policy.
The fact that my company has received SBA
8(a) contracts has never been a factor in
inducing me to support a particular candidate,
nor to urge support for any particular candidate,
nor has that fact prevented me from supporting
any particular candidate I deem worthy of my
support and that likewise will always continue
to be my policy.
No particular candidate or anyone acting on
the part of any particular candidate has ever
promised directly or indirectly to aid me in
any contracts in exchange for my political
support .
My attitude toward the 1972 presidential
election and my support or non-support of
the President in that effort was not conditioned
or contingent on the receipt by my company of
any contracts. I will always continue to
support and urge others to support any and all
candidates that I feel have the legitimate
interest of minority groups at heart and more
than that, put into action their promises.
The slanderous and libellous allegations re-
ferred to in your aforementioned letter are
entirely without basis in fact. The fact that
my company has been the recipient of SBA 8(a)
contracts, under what is my opinion
8856
the most dynamic program ever put into effect
to aid minority groups, will not prevent me from
speaking out in favor of or against any persons
or groups or on any issue that I consider to
be intertwined with the best interest of my
community. The program which has helped my
company is one that will enable minority businesses
to effectively compete in the economic life of
this country. Without this program and the support
of persons and groups that is so necessary to make
it effective, it would be impossible for minority
groups to enter that mainstream.
9. This entire affair and the attendant publicity
attached to same is a black mark, not against me
personally, but against all minority businesses
that seek equity under the lawful regulations and
statues of this country. I have always stood ready
to respond in full to any al3e Rations of misconduct
since they are entirely baseless and I wish to
thank the United States Senate Select Committee
on Presidential Campaign Activities for giving me
this opportunity to set the record straight.
Sworn to before me this 13th day of April 1974.
Charles Wallace
STATE OF NEW YORK)
: ss .
COUNTY OF QUEENS )
On the 13th day of April, 1974, before me came CHARLES WALLACE,
to me known and known to me to be the person who executed the foregoing
affidavit, and he acknowledged to me that he executed same.
885-
SALAMON 5. GRUBER
April 25, 1974
Samuel Dash, Esq.
Chief Counsel
United States Senate
Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities
Washington, D.C. 20510
Att: Michael J, Hershman, Esq.
Dear Mr. Hershman:
In accordance with oar telephone conversation, this letter is being
written to respond to the additional allegation you advised us about
concerning Wallace & Wallace Fuel Oil Co. Inc. As I understood
that allegation from our oral telephone conversation, since time
apparently did not permit it being reduced to writing, same was that
Mr. Wallace sought the aid of the Committee to Reelect the President
in obtaining an oil import permit, which aid was promised in return
for Mr. Wallace's support of the Presidential Reelection effort. After
discussing this with Mr. Wallace and reviewing whatever files were
available concerning this matter, I am submitting this response on
behalf of Mr. Wallace, based upon the knowledge given from such
conversation and review.
Parenthetically may I advise, that Mr. Wallace would have responded
directly except for the fact that he had been out of the country on business
and his recent return did not permit appropriate time for him to make the
response.
My client initially did apply for an oil import license to the Oil Import
Appeals Board on March 16, 1973. This application was turned down
by the Oil Import Appeals Board on April 20, 1972. A reapplication was
made on January 2 5, 19 73. I believe that these applications were handled
by local counsel in Washino.on, D.C, , on behalf of Mt. Wallace.
The second application noted above was never turned down but it was "tabled'
since new legislation was pending that would permit the granting of the
application. It is my understanding that until the new legislation was
passed, only individuals or companies that previously had received import
oil permits could obtain new permits. It was the position of Mr, Wallace
8858
SALAMON S. GRUBER
Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities
Att: Michael J, Hershman, Esq.
April 25, 1974
Page 2
and others in like circumstances that this was discriminatory,
especially in light of the fact that no black individuals or controlled
companies had ever been the recipient of such permits. The new
legislation was eventually passed which eliminated this type of
"grandfather clause", Mr. Wallace received an import license on
May 1, 1973.
I am advised that Mr. Wallace did approach a Mr. Jones at the
Committee to Reelect the President, as well as having approached any
and all other legislators, officials and politicians whom he believed
could have some influence in effecting the change in the discriminatory
law recited above. No response was received from Mr. Jones and
Mr. Wallace attempted to personally reach Maurice Stans with his problem.
He was not successful in reaching Mr. Stans.
My client categorically denies that any "quid pro quo" was asked for
or received from any of the persons he approached with this problem
with respect to aiding the Presidential Reelection effort. In fact, it
is Mr. Wallace's sincere belief that Mr. Jones was singularly in-
effective in obtaining the satisfactory solution to the problem that
eventually was reached.
It is the position of our client that he will always seek to influence
legislation and/or policies that will benefit minority businesses, but
most assuredly such policy does not extend to any improper actions,
and again let me reiterate that no improper actions took place with
regard to this specific allegation referred to above,
I trust that this will adequately answer your questions and again may I,
on behalf of myself and my client, thank you for the fairminded manner
in which you afforded us the opportunity to respond to the baseless
allegations made against my client.
Very truly yours ,
SALAMON, SALAMON & GRUBER
By:
dg:ps
cc: Wallace & Wallace Fuel Oil Co. Inc.
David Gruber
8859
.Tunt^ 2.-,, 19 7?. Exhibit 19c
J.'l;:>'Oi.ATsOi;M FOli: JOHN MITf )! Cl'J.L
[,-KO:.!: FilED MAbEK-'-'-//^j/
/ ' '
Si;r;JiL'CT: mack Vohn Campaio.i b^lnn
s v.o I' ;od, there liave bcnn soiriv" ]:>co^>^' • • ' ^ in\i the Black
j!f: < . uiy. V/hlle Paul Jont--.s is haiidl; ;_ relations
ad orn '- ' nspoct.s of his reaponrtibilit/ eCi. 'i iv lacka the
•ji.'.ti;:al o-;pc: I iciu..^ to re.CL-uit and develop an effective field operation,
herclore,- the- TUatJ; Vote Division still does not have a field orjjanization.
i ac'.dition, tiic f-ilack tt;a.-n has not fully iitilii:ed the rc^iources O-vailable to
torn tJiro'igh Gos erni-nent fjrant and loan programs. To cori-oct those
roblcr.iH , 1 li-'.ve developed a three-ljart olaii of action, v/'iich i;; described
Jone.-^ V/ith An K ^oericnced f-olitical Or-;..-
I'o t. (U"iipen3;».i.e for Jonois' lack of political experience, 1 have arrajiged the
HddJtion of Ed Srixton as Field Operations Manager. Me will report to Jone.i
but v'ill take most of his di'-ection from ine. Ed haf> excellent credentials
in ]5olitic.s, has organized politically, knows nvnnorous BIacK-. leaders, and
i:^ Immediattly available. lie v/ill start llus vveek with a first j^riority of
finali/.iny th.-^ field plan.
2. EFtab'i.di A Field 0";;anization Focnjcrl On. Key Cilic;:.
Once Sexton is on board, ho can begin to build the field organization that v/e
nov.- lack. lU-.de;r !\ini, ■.ve should iiave tv/o Field Coo '■dinator.s, responsible
for v.'orkin;'; v.dth the fitate Ni-xon organizations to establi-h effective Bl-rick
or;.';'ni'.r..-itiono in. )cey cJtle.i. Tiic Field C;<. ordinate rs and the F'ielcl Operj-J:i,-)ns
M...i!.a,i;er v.-ould each be .a'.-nigned rosponoibility for ;-:pecific key .state'! and
c-'tie;-.
l';! : firyi. order of bnirinesu; Cor the ne.w Black vote field te-ni vv^ill be to v.-o -Ir
..' ;l; il'C- Mi-;cn J'ate Ciiainnen to select Srate Black Vote Chairmen 'a t^iose
!■: ■, '!-:;! 0-; ■..' eie this h't-; not been done. In soinc Icey itate;:, full-time paid
.Executive Directors yliould also he f^elected.
Tlie citic:, lii^ted at Tab A will be the focus of the Black eampaign. L" each
iccy city v/e wiU hc.ve a Coordinator who will be jointly selected hy the St-'Hte
j^lack V^ote C.uairman, his i'ield C:x> rdinato r, the State Nixon Cuairman, and
32-818 O - 74 -pt. 19 - If
8860
■■! ■ \j.-co;t C!-,airr.ia i. TKr; Cifcy Coordinator \.'Oiild Ik: rc:3po;i.>^ible fo^
"c-:t.- ;■;■;■.- f-:up> rvi-.i.u': all P.Uic!; - related a:;tivitiea ia lii:i city, cloaely
C.JO i '. ■' n-^-.in-' with the City iNbron Cl-<air;i\a;i. Each City Coordinator woiild,
•Jr. ci--ii';r'v-;ion with his nuperiurs, select active coinrnittees of Black loader:
to a;;;-'^'.. hliii in each major l^lack area of hi-j city. These cotnrriittee?;
v.'ov-l'-l he -o:ipoii:;ible for recruiting vohmteers for the regular Kixon organi-
zaticj.i i'.! their area and for implornenting programs designed to persuade
iji:-.ci- '.oter:; throughout the city to vote for the President.
3. '.iienHilv Kfforts To Utilii-.e Government Grant':; Aid Loans.
1 feel that our si rongest sidling point with Black voters is tlie cconoinic
assisrancc this Aditiinistrafcion has provided to Blacks. To fully capicaliz.e
on thi.-:, we have to do a better job of publicising the grants already given,
and o; id .--atifyiug nov/ projects for which vvfe will rec<:ive niaximuni impact.
The rriaior portioji of the responsibility for this activity falls on the White
Ijo'.i?e side of the Black team. Bob Brown and his staff have identified all
Blacks who are receiving, or have rec:eivod, money from this Adininistra -
tion. These recipients v/ill be utili ;ed as a source of campaign contributior
and '--olantt-ers, and as a group of higlily visible Black? to be ured to reach
the v-oters iu their areas of influence.
Kffec':-ive ■i'' location of ;"iev/ grants requires close coordination betv/een the:
W'iite >io-;ce an<l the Campaign team. As a firi-:t step, I have; a.sked Bob
fV.-own to identify all major sources of grant and loan monies which could b(
aUocat^d to Blacks. Then, Jones and Se^iton, working through their field
oru'.:r.i-.:ation, will be responsible for finding recipic:nts hi key cities who
will be sP.ijportive of the re-election effort.
X beneve that by strengthening on r field organisation and making better
U.V',: o; :rra.n';:; aud loans, \vq can overcome the problems of the Black Vote
]■?:. i.ihni, a-.d maj;,c; sonae inroads on Black voters in November. I will
kec;p yo'i .ipprisnd o; progress.
8861
C:vilUa--
1 c x;;
lUin.
Oliio
o^■ lo r ■■ !
.^. ■ :
Kisv cvyi\-::i
_vo;ri^ji<s
I'0!h;;.a r;
Lo:j An-cU;s
9.'S
4 3 3, 3 ,'.'->
San Fiaucir;co/
Oaklap.d
9. ?.
193, S!:^
Ilousto:-!
17. C-.
?J5,0Vl
Dallas
13. 9
135, aai
Cleveland
14. 7
Cohi:-:il..is
10. 6
Cir.cianati
10. 2
Dayton
10. 0
Newark
16.3
I'rcnLon
13. 8
19 5,
.6 39
^>9,
371
83,
193
53,
091
198,
5 3?.
?,C,
93 9
s:';co--.'D.\RY r
LT^^:
[■j^s_
:-:c>v York
New York Ci
liuffalo
Peiuu/!va:iia
Pluladelplua
Pitfcyhuv-!i
:.'ai-y'a:id
Bal'dmorc
Mi<;n!;,an
Detroit
CounocLicuc
Hartford
iXev/ liaver.
V<>-;;u;i^^l;oi\
Seattle
V/isronsin
Ivlilwaukec
Misoouri
St. Louis
Kan.:, a 3 Cit/
(Kan-sas h l-.l
6.9
16.0
6.4
21 .2
16.9
4.8
6.2
2.6
6. 1
14. 2
12. 7
1, 127,
,7 03
59,
449
493,
326
100,
93 1
275,
788
442,
9 13
31,
720
?-9,
751
23,
953
53,
349
211,
330
85,
606
8862
Exhibit 20
January 17, 1972
PAUL jo:tes
WEFiCLY REPORT
During the week conferences were held with key black
coutacts with discussions centering arouad orgaaization of a num-
ber of national citizens coranittees. Pcrsoas talked with repre-
sent black clergy, businessmen, professional athletes and insur-
The Nixon Illinois State Chairroan was briefed on the
division's role and organization, and was given key contacts in
the black community in his state. (We are following u? on his re-
quest to recomnand black candidates for a position on the state
staff.
Efforts to generate activity in Florida an\ong blacks
wns initiated. In this connection, -wa discussed strate.a^y with
Dent, Bro5-m and Sexton's office.
Data was collacted in connection '^th setting up
brie£in5 books on (1) black corraunities throup,hout the Nation,
(2) list of key contacts by states and (3) minority recipients
of grants, loaas and contracts. (;\ nee! is to develop coordina-
tion './Itii agencies on future :^rant3 ar. 1 contracts to insiire r.axi-
mun benefits) .
Worked v;ith planners of tlit? ■'Bob orovnn Dinner" 1/30/72
to ensure neoting wich a cross-section of persons co-aing iu from
around the Nation.
Brought secretary on staff aad received research assis-
tance fron a consultant.
Continued to ijork on f inalizlr.^'; basic orivani-ational
straCe;;v docun^nt for develoyin^ the black vote.
8863
Commitiee for the Re-election of the President
•.C.-AN.jL.'M K^rch 24, 1972
co:;-/:D;xriAL
:yj-:0R.i.\"3UM for: KR. FRED MALEK
PAUL R. JONES
Exhibit 21
irv: A first rr.eeting was hc-id with the NOVE-IBER GROUP and copy and layout
for the proposed brochure r;vii;ved. (I then arranged a "team" meeting of
Ero\.T: , Scott and Wilkes to review the material and make constructive sugges-
tions on fortiat, copy and photos).
In scoring to produce a California Primary Plan, a nuTaber of meetings and
contacts vjere iiade (see problems). This has led to the decision to li.r.it
activity in the connection.
.After interviewing FCC candidate, Een Hooks, inf oi.-.at:' on v.-.-.s fc-d-back to 'Zcoxjn
and y.ar^-ozo at vrhita House.
A meeting in the office John Evans resulted in agrc:.^ment on suraL-.t^y to effec-
tively deal with 0M3E.
.-. method of nvocecure has been agreed on vjith the Illinois State Chairman for
selecting a Black Vote Chairman and agreement was reached to add a staff per-
son to vjcrk in this area.
Our ?R program was discussed with A.nn Dore and accord reached on its cevelopmenC.
'.'e met with Mr. Ed Kixon to discuss and "brainstorm" strategy.
.A draf_t of the California Primary Plan v:as prepared.
V'e assisted "."nite House team members in responding to D.C. School Board 's
anti-:;i>:on literature in connection with the Children's Xarch of Karch 25, 1972.
Problem.s: Information from contacts indicate coordination of California
activity is in need of an assistance from your office to head off possible
problem.s.
Ma-'Or Activities Planned: During the week a list of recommendations will be
prepared for the Illinois Chairman for consideration for Black Vote Chairman
and E::cutive Director. A.dditionally , a meeting of the Washington tea^ is to be
held in regards to Presidential appearances.
Em-hasis will be on recruiting staff.
8864
^ORANDUM ^P'^i^ ^' 1^'2
:,mo;^-'aji:m tOR:
PAUL R. JONK
li'e i-i^t during the w,iek with menbers of the Washington Team in review of
')'■■'■'. ;^' .i.Tts to work out strategy for greater impact In connection with the
, •■,,n. Ve rX-.o '..i-re In rouUiCt with Incil t/a.le issociation represent,-.-
. \ ■ '.. '.iJ oticr po:ir5Jble f . r^n : :g .'" t r_ ^ •,:!.. .-3 ■- ,' ;id d:^.ve1o^i»d a proj'osal
:ii t-iLi; r-^ -:.rd.
;■'•,;.:'.-■ rs of (:he V'-isiii r.gton TcT.a £';vlc-._d 'nd r" . vrT c __)-jd r.j'-pc '.'.es to .--;"di-
tional votk by the ]-J\' r:':'£il V{.0'v? in cuiw.;ction vii:h the brochure for
the Division.
Secured and/or roqu--sted additional photos of Black appointed officials
for the brochure.
Folj ;..■'§ r\ ("istailed discussion of possible ls.rge scale national riir.ner
reac".,ed a^. .^.^..-ent on holding (in honor of and supportive of the President)
in Washington, D.C. during the month of June. Xeno on the dinner already
foi^varded to our Conmittee Chairman.
At the request of the Pa. State Chaitrr.an, Co.r.ndttee for the Re-Election
of the President, we obtained and supplied him with a list of S3A 8-A
contracts in the Philadelphia area.
Was contacted by the Oklahoca State Chairman, Committee for the Re-Election
of the President, in further discussion regarding selection of a Black
Vote Chairrnan for that state.
Prepared a list of key ministers from across the nation for Mr. Harry
Dent's office as possible invitees to a White House briefing of pro-
nir.ent; religious leaders.
Traveled to Chicago -conferred with Illinois State Chainnan, Committee
for the Re-Election of the President, regarding selection of a Black
Vote Chairi,-,an and staff person. Additionally, met with Republicans
and supportive Democrats in preliminary organizational efforts.
:nli5ted
jm WTiite house team members in the development of
preliminary list of key appearances warranting Presidential involvement.
8865
Exhibit 23
Co;ninir;?o for ilii; Ro-cic--.rlon of i'r.c Pr; .^idenf
;:.;::oiv-J^;i)ra foh:
t-K.
PR.:
"ff^-v
.:-.u:i:
PAur
. R.
JO-ZiJ
iJKJKCT:
V.'ael
c_Lv_
Actlvicy
Report
ItAJOR ACC0MPLl:3I"i
IMTS
?;et and conEerrcd with VJashingtou Area Minority Contractors Association
\:\\o requested oar support in securing Secretary Peter Peterson (Coainerce
Depari.nant) to address their convention (Sept. 22 - V.'ash. , B.C.); arr-^nge
foruir. for theii to support tha President.
Submitted revised sarrogate list and sci->sdule for Black Vote Division.
Sec up briefing session for all major surrogates — sent advance speakers
r-.atorial.
Hct v;ith Citizens Voting Blocs Division to coordinate efforts of Black
special interests groups and to provide additional nanes for service on
their various conmittees.
Met v--ith field staff to solve probler-o.
Fvacornwendations r.:ade to the i.'hlte House for prominent Black educators to
serve on various national educ.-ii ional advisory boards/corrjiissions.
Attendc-d V.'hits Hoi'Se OiniE i.-ieeLing to clarify, scatus of P.inority-orientcd y
proposals that have been submitted by active supporters. ^
Staff v.'as intervicwd by Ark,ansas Ga'/.ette, Life E3ga?.ine, and Black oriented
pre<5K and radio.
Pltnrcd and VieJ.d reception for Jii?, Brcvii vlio publicly endorsed the Presi-
dent and radio. Mr. Brotm ^.-as introduced to key Black persons on staff.
Black Appointees and Washington area supporters.
Shipped back orders of proznotional materials.
tL\JOR ACTIVITIES PL;UsT-!ED FOR Till: COMII.'G IJiiZK
Announcing spacial interest.-j groups/coatr.ittces and public cndorse.-nents.
L-'.-itional Association of Klaci: At'.'.loLes ('!m5 nt-nbars) arc- beip.g -.■.•ork?d
■'ith Lo publicly cndor.'.'.id tb,:^ Prcs.id:int — <.iho ii.Tvn i.nt--:rest In Sickle
Cill Ant;:; La.
8866
ii.Lo in i-'c-..- Yocl. 'ii'.rini; Liio V.i-.LLvi;-/ You
■^>.a C.:!-.o) to conti.ivic: offorta in fi.'ini
ji: brLciin- n.-.d traval lichcduliiiK-
anJ pai ticip^'.tion In Canvas ICick-Off.
(S?3 .
;eJ) .
8867
Exhibit 24
MR. R03 ODLi:
PAUL R. jo>;zs
Work \ias done (developing alternative strategies) relating to the
up-coning National Black Political Convention. The Convention ap-
pears controlled by the Black Caucus (Deziocrat-oriented) and is
being billed as a non-partisan neeting. It is expected that the
Convention will develop an Agenda aincd at a response fron both
Parties, with deaands difficult or impossible for the Republican
National Convention to ceet (such as quotas of Blacks as delegates),
and will seek to use this approach, through vrLdespread publicity,
to deliver the bloc vote to the Democrat no:ninee.
'Ja attended the national meeting of Opportunities Industrialization /
Centers (QIC - minority eniployir-.ent program) . QIC is presently re- ^
cciving approxizLately SOZ of its budget yet scheduled speakers who
i-7ere critical of the President (Roy V.'ilkir.s, X.-VAC?; Ralph Abernathy;
SCLC: Vernon Jordan, National Urban League). Ve are pursuing, and
are in definite need of, a-&9trrtTig_ future grants, loans, contracts
and appointments serve the Black con^r.unity in a more positive manner
■chan in the past. Exanples of such funding coraing beck to haunt us
is seen in the Model Cities, 0:3E and OSO progracs.
A calendar of cajor minority organization conferences for 1972 has
been obtained and provides a possible arena for Adalnistration
spokesrL^n.
x\t the invitation of D.C. Black P^epublicans , v;e attended a Black
Republican Caucus coi^iiittee meeting charged with drafting a policy
statecnent. At the appropriate time this statement will be released
to the public.
/.r. Ad~inlstration Bi^ck Appointee \::-.s secured to cddrcir: a banquet
i:. :iricgC;-!ort , Connecticut — sponsored by the- Black Active Republicar.s.
.'c'-l: ".ing contoct vith the Niy.on illiaois Conv-.ittee \.'e moved to dis-
;:_rr. .' che R-\"C's minority specialist froa a speaking engagement
8868
lilr.c-: c.-.ndici iLiS £01: local cjffice. Ti>.e Illinois Co.rjiicre- felt ir.
OJS^ to iivoi-d cl\oos--.i3 iiidas in the local raca.
Thi ^;^:;ioaal Black ?>eal Estate A.ssociation mat ir. V.'aGhingCon and v;e
■..-.are in contact v.'ith thi National Presidont, '.■;ho is Republican., re-
gar:li.--^ forr.ation of a Citizens Cor:z;ittce of Realtors.
\,a traveled -- by invitation froa the Fulton County Republican Club
to Atlanta £^<"j^ (1) an organizational and strate^jy session and (2)
CO address the annual Lincoln-Douglas Dinner.
The busing issue is attracting increasing attention of the Black
Voter and efforts to assess its ijr.plications are underway.
8869
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDE^
February 18, 1972
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: MR. JEB S. MAGRUDER
FROM: 'AUL .JO^Si-
SUBJECT: OIC
On Sunday the 13th of February 1972 the 8th Annual Convocation
of the Opportunities Industrialization Centers of America, Inc.
opened at the Sheraton Park Hotel. The three-day meeting attracted
over 1,500 persons.
The convocation's theme wa;. "Building America Together": OIC The
Way Out. A major item on its agenda was "A Bread and Butter Eco-
nomic Plan for Blacks and Other Minorities in the 1970's".
There have been very critical overtones to many of the speeches
pres'ented despite the fact that OIC receives almost 80 percent
of its funding from Administration programs. Pro-Administration
speakers had seemingly been scheduled at times when they were least
likely to attract an audience and wide press coverage. Last week
a west coast minister, an OIC Western Region Official, publicly
spoke out in behalf of a Democratic candidate.
Attached are two articles eclating to the subject taken from local
RECOMMENDATION :
That the Administration bring under closer scrutiny its .program of
grants and loans and specifically that Labor Department manpower
personnel follow-up with OIC.
Attachments
lEMORAN'DUM
8870
Exhibit 26
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
January 10, 1972
TO: ROBERT C. ODLE, JR.
FROM: PAUL R. JONES
SUBJECT: Weekly Report
Paul Jones joined the staff during the past week as
liaison with the black conmunity and a considerable Dortion
of his tiiP.e has been spent setting up the office, ir terv-! ewln^
applicants for the position of secretary and touching base
with key black Republicans in the Washington area (Rober-- Br-o-..'n
and Stan Scott, the IChite House staff; Ed Sexton, Republ-'can
National Co-niittee; Elaine Jenkins, One AiT'erica consult!-', firr- )
nriefings from each provided valuable background inforr^ation.
Brief trips to Dallas and Chicago the latter part of
the week were fruitful. In Dallas he met with several bishops
and ministers attending the national bishops conference of the
A.M.E. Zion Church. A number of them (so-e kp.ov.-n to hir. pre-
viously) appear excellent prospects •'or cv.r black ninis-er-ni
co;Tr;ittee.
In Chicago Jones conferred with the Reverend Jesse Jackson
(formerly oi S.C.L.C.'s Operation Breadbasket) of the recently
formed organization PUSH. Jackson is now seeking financial support
for the new group (which has an economic thrust) and is also
anxious to meet with the President. His support and/or "neutrality"
(lack of active support of another candidate) could go far in
favorably swinging black votes to KN. He is considered a definite
possibility and appears anxious to move. Some early decision,
policy-wise, should be made regarding follow-uT> posture (and" '
Jones suggests that it should include input from Bob "rovn) .
At Jackson's invitation Jones attended a luncheon of leadin"
black businessmen of Chicago. A number are ready to assist\s
and had praise, during a press conference, for the Administration's
ir torts and assitance for minority owned banks. Jones suggests
=n additional area that should be considered for federal deposits
is with minority-owned Savings: and Loan Associations! - and at
an early date.
8871
;oy,.VilTTEE FOR THE RE-Et.FCTION OF THE PRESIDENT
10.<ANDUM
■lay 11, 19/2
iiMORANDin-l FOR:
PAUL R. JONESV
I y
Weekly Activity K_gj) o r_t
Senator Brooke has been requested to be featured speaker at the June 10th
dinner. Awaiting reply to request. Invitations have been mailed out
to 9,000 persons for A'ww.c-i: - i:o '.oon to estir'nte rs^sponse. Coorfiinated
'.vith .'ngie YAW-tt to h,-va :i''.-.ck :..-A \T-,xzii Iv ::••_./. -r t t e -,.^rticip,Tt ion at the
kAok-off di.;nir on Jur.a 10th.
Int(i;:vi.-;ved by Joe livin of the Los A-.-jeljis T"'-2""-3_ oTQ Julius Dv;S.:ha
of the ",jW York ";■- -.s rcg.irding Slack Vote Division activit i:-s .
itt-rridtid Philadelphia briefing of key Black leaders.
AddrriSSftd the National Association of Minority Certified Public
Accounting Fims at their XAJ-'CPAF's First Annual Xeeting.
Coordinating rjnd developing with Bob 5row-n s office a strategy for
30 million dollar negotiation for the Dept. of Labor.
TROWEL PL/vNS
Occasion: Address key Black le^.ders -vsho will
Destination: Philadelphia
Date: May 16, 1972 12 Noon
y_i_JOR ACTIVITY FOR COXING V'EEK
m citizens corriinittees.
Continue follow- through on dinner activity.
Contact state chairmen and Black state chairmen regarding selection and
proposed activity for their particular state.
Implenent plans' to hold irjeeting of National Association of Black Manu-
facturers Board Members. (Brief and discuss role in campaign).
Continue follow through support to Mrs. Helen Evans, State Central
and Executive Cosaittee (Ohio); Jack Gibbs (Mich.); and Debbie
Gingell (N.e.).
8872
F-l 783-72
IN THE MATTERS OF:
LEWIS E. SPANGLER
GEORGE W. DODSON, JR.
ELLIOT GOLD
REUBEN T.MORGAN
JOSEPH A. WEISGERBER
STEPHEN WHITE
Exhibit 28
121
CSC No. F 1783 72
CSC No. F-1777-72
CSC No. F-1778-72
CSC No. F-1 779-72
CSC No. F 1780 72
CSC No. F 1781-72
Headnote: It is found that each Respondent took an active part in political manage-
ment in violation of section 4. 1 of Civil Service Rule IV and section 7324(aX2) of
title 5, United States Code, and that the violations warrant suspension.
Decided March 29, 1972
BY: HAMPTON, Chairman; SPAIN and ANDOLSEK, Commissioners: upon adoption of
the Hearing Examiner's Recommended Decision as the FINAL DECISION AND
ORDER OF THE COMMISSION.
Hearing Examiner: PHILIP J. LA MACCHIA
Counsel: GEORGE A. KOUTRAS for the Government
ARTHUR SCHEINER for the Respondents.
I. HEARING EXAMINERS RECOMMENDED DECISION
The General Counsel has charged the Respondents with taking an active part in political
management, i.e., soliciting subordinate employees on or about November 4, 1971 , to
purchase, or contribute to the purchase of, tickets to a "Salute to the President Dinner"
held on November 9, 1971, a Republican Party political fund-raising affair, in violation of
section 4.1 of Civil Service Rule IV (5 CFR 4.1) and section 7324(aK2) of title 5, United
States Code.' The Respondent, Lewis E. Spangler, was charged by letter dated March 10,
1972; the other Respondents were separately charged by letters dated January 13, 1972.
Each Respondent was duly served and answered within the prescribed time.
By Stipulation and Waiver of Hearing, signed by the Respondents and the General Counsel
of the Commission on various dates between March 10, and 13, 197 1, each Respondent
Commonly known as the Hatch Act. The Letters of Charges served on eacli respondent allet;e a chain
ol events which raise common questions of kiw and fact. Accordingly, the cases are consolidated for
decision.
8873
122 h-17«3-7:
stipulates that at all material times mentioned ui the Letter t>l'( liargcs he was employed m
a competitive civil service position; that he does not contest the factual allegations ot" the
Letter of Charges; that he waives his right to a hearing provided by Commission regulations
under 5 CFR 733.135(a); and that at the time of the alleged violation he was unaware of
the import of his actions.
For his part, the General Counsel stipulates that he is of the opinion that the charges and
specifications set forth in each Letter of Charges constitute a violation of the Act; that, in
view of the mitigating circumstances shown by the record in each case, the violation does
not warrant removal. Accordingly, he recommends that the following penalties be assessed:
Lewis E. Spangler - 60 days' suspension (55,539.20 loss in pay)
George W. Dodson, Jr. - 45 days' suspension ($4,154.40 loss in pay)
Elliot Gold - 30 days' suspension ($2,230.40 loss in pay)
Reuben T. Morgan - 30 days' suspension ($2,033.60 loss in pay)
Joseph A. Weisgerber - 30 days' suspension ($2,36 1 .60 loss in pay)
Stephen White — 30 days' suspension ($2,033.60 loss in pay)
On March 15, 1972, the record in each case was submitted by motion to the Commission's
Hearing Examiner for a recommended decision.
II. THE FACTS
The record shows that during a meeting in his office on November 4, 1971 , Lewis E.
Spangler, Acting Commissioner of the Federal Supply Service, General Services Adminis-
tration (GSA), advised George W. Dodson, Assistant Commissioner, Office of Automated
Data Management Services, Federal Supply Service, GSA, that a "Salute to the President
Dinner" was scheduled for November 9, 1971 . that tickets were available, and that he
(Mr. Dodson) and his subordinate employees could purchase, or contribute toward the
purchase, of the tickets. Mr. Dodson relayed this information to his division chiefs at a
meeting held in a conference room adjacent to his office on the same or the following
day. Respondents Elliot Gold, Reuben T. Morgan, Joseph A. Weisgerber, and Stephen
White were present at this meeting. Mr. Dodson informed them that they had a "manage-
ment objective" to meet, namely, the purchase of one and one-half tickets for a total of
$750; that employees who contributed toward the purchase of a ticket would have their
names placed in a hat and the person whose name was drawn would attend the dinner.
Thereafter, Mr. Gold solicited and received contributions by check from four employees
totaling $225. Three checks were for $25 and a fourth for $150; Mr. Morgan solicited and
received one $25 contribution by check; Mr. Weisgerber solicited and received two S25 con-
tributions by check; and Mr. White solicited and received a check for $25. The checks re-
ceived by Gold were turned over to Dodson at the laiter's ollice; Weisgerber delivered his
checks to Dodson at a local restaurant.
8874
F- 1783-72 l--<
The record does not show what disposition Dodsoii, Morgan and Wlute nsiade of the
checks received by them. However, the "no contest" plea in each case under the Stipula-
tion and Wiaver of Hearing is taken as an implied admission of tiie truth of" the allegations
contained in the Letters of Charges. Wigmore im t-videncc, sec. 1066. It is found, there-
fore, that the "Salute Dinner" was a Republican Party political fund-tarsing affair, and that
the proceeds of the sale of tickets to the "Salute Dinner," as shown above, were channeled
by the Respondents to the Republican Party pursuant to a plan communicated by Lewis
E. Spangler to George W. Dodson, Jr., on November 4, 1971 .
III. DISCUSSION
Federal employees, with exceptions not applicable here, are prohibited by section 4.1 of
Civil Service Rule IV and 5 U.S.C. 7324(aK2) of title 5, United States Code, from engagir,.
in partisan political activity. United Public Workers of America v. Mirchell, 330 U.S. 75
Section 7324(aX2) provides that "An employee in an executive agency * * * may not * * •
take an active part in political management or in political campaigns." Tliis section de-
fines "an active part in political management or in political campaigns" as "those acts j:
political management or political campaigning which were prohibited on the part of err,-
ployees in the competitive service before July 19, 1940, by determinations of the Civil
Service Commission under the rules prescribed by the President."
Federal employees have been specifically prohibited from taking an active part m political
management or in political campaigns since 1907 by Civil Service Rule 1, (now Civil
Service Rule IV). For many years under Civil Service Rule 1, and since enactment of the
Hatch Act in 1939, the Commission has consistently held that-
While employees may make contributions, they may not solicit, collect, receive, dis-
burse, or otherwise handle contributions made for political purposes. Employees
may not be concerned directly or indirectly in the sale of dinner tickets of a politi-
cal party organization or in the distribution of pledge cards sohciting subscriptions
to the dinners.^
The solicitation of political contributions, whether through the sale of dinner tickets, or
otherwise, directly or indirectly, for a partisan pohtical purpose constitutes an obvious
form of political management prohibited by the Act and Rule and prior determinations of
the Commission. Implicit in this conclusion, and notice is taken of the fact, that political
party fund-raising is a year-round activity and that such activity is an inseparable part of
political management. The validity of this proposition is not weakened by the fact that a
political campaign may not have been in progress at the time the solicitation for political
contributions occurred. It is enough if the record shows that the solicitation took place
and it was done for a partisan pohtical purpose.
^ Sec "Political Activity of i cdcraJ OfHccrs and I inployccs," I'ainplilct 20, p. 1 2. This pamphlet
summarizes prior determinations of the Commission.
8875
124 F-1 783-72
The Respondents argue that they brought no pressure to bear on anyone to participate in
the "Salute to the President" event; that no employee had any reason to believe that non-
participation would redound to his detriment, or that any coercion or threat, expressed or
implied, was used; that the "Salute" affair was not held in an active "campaign" environ-
ment; and that there did not exist any indicia of campaigning or partisan politics from
which a reasonably prudent, apolitical man miglii have reasoned that the "Salute to the
President Dinner" was a Republican Party political fund-raising affair. The Respondents
further argue, that while in retrospect the "Salute to the President" event may be tech-
nically described as a "Republican Party political fund-raising affair," the Commission
should take notice of the fact that such affairs, particularly when held in the Nation's
Capital, assume an aura of a gala social event, and are so viewed by the average person,
irrespective of a President's party affiliation; finally they say that, although there may be
an underlying presumption of knowledge of the Act's proscriptions, they actually had
only a vague idea (with the exception of Morgan who had none at all) of its provisions
and likely would not have concluded that the Act prohibited, or dealt with, their "Salute"
activities, even had they had the Hatch Act in mind at the time. The Commission is urged,
therefore, to find that under these circumstances the law does not require a finding of
violation.
Nothing asserted in the preceding paragraph is material to a consideration of the question
whether the Respondents committed a violation of the Act and Rule. The Act and Rule
are violated and the violation is complete where, as here, an employee subject to the Act
solicits, handles, or receives from another person money for a partisan political purpose.
Factors such as "knowledge," "intent" and "coercion" are relevant only when considering
whether the penalty to be assessed is commensurate with the offense.
A. THEPI-NALTY
The penalty for a violation of the Act is removal, unless the Commission finds by unani-
mous vote that the violation does not warrant removal, in which event a penalty of not
less than 30 days' suspension without pay must be imposed. 5 U.S.C. 7325. As a general
rule, the removal penalty is imposed for a violation of substantial scope and effect if it is
shown by clear and convincing evidence that the violation was committed in deliberate
disregard of the Act. On the other hand, the minimum penalty is generally imposed for
an unwitting violation involving political activity of limited scope and effect. These rules,
it should be noted, are not cast in concrete. They are essentially guides to reasonable and
uniform administrative action.
B. Lt:WIS t:. SPANGI.HR
Mr. Spangler has been employed by the Federal Supply Service (FSS) of GSA, and its
predecessor organizations, for more than 25 years, beginning as a Messenger in 1939. In
May, 1965, he became Deputy Commissioner of FSS; in May, 1971, he was designated
32-818 O - 74 - Dl. 18
8876
F-1783-72 i:>
Acting Commissioner, and, m January, 1972, upon ap[n>uitiiiciit oi tlic present FSS
Commissioner, he resumed his duties as Deputy Comnussiuner.
In answer to the charges, the Respondent slated that ho has nevei liceii concerned with or
taken an active part in partisan politics in or out of tlie Govenuneiii: that wliile he had
heard of the Hatch Act and thought he knew what it proscribed, lie did nut consider the
Act at the time he discussed the "Salute Dinner" with Mr. Dodson, that neither he nor
the other Respondents considered the affair, or activities in connecium with it, to have
any partisan connotation; that they did not knowingly violate the law; moreover, he is
convinced that his co-Respondents are simply incapable o\ committing a knowing viola-
tion of any law; that Mr. Dodson understood that participation in the "Salute Dinner"
would be strictly voluntary; that no pressure or coercion was employed; further, that
FSS is a service-minded organization with an extraordinary "sense of mission" and takes
"pride in responding to every challenge whether it be timely support to military units
engaged in combat, earthquakes, floods or essentially organizational challenges such as
War Bond drives, flood donations, United-Givers Fund, bowling matches, Softball games,
golf matches, etc. In the same spirit, the Service has responded over the years to many
testimonials such as the 'Salute' dinner in 1971."
C. GEORGE W. DODSON
This Respondent has been employed as Assistant Commissioiici. Office of Automated
Data Management Services, FSS, since November, 19(>H. lie entered the Federal service as
a GS-5, Trainee, in 1952.
In answer to the Letter of Charges, he stated that while he had heard of the Hatch Act, he
had no idea what specific acts were prohibited or permitted by the Act; that the Act has
never been officially explained to him; that even if he had had an opportunity to consider
whether the Hatch Act was involved in the "Salute" drive which he did not-he would
have concluded that what transpired was at most another distasteful chore, but not a vio-
lation of any law; that he has never taken an active part in politics of any kind; that his
advancement has been due to his total commitment to FSS and its mission, that his
superiors are imbued with a similar sense of organization and mission; that the high level
of responsiveness and effectiveness of FSS is manifested in many undert;ikings, including
its performance over the years in response to various camp;iigns and drives; that he was
expected to and did respond through his subordinate organization when on November 4.
1971, he was advised of the "Salute" affair.
D. ELLIOT GOLD
This Respondent is employed as the Director of the ADP Procurement Division of FSS. He
began his Federal career thirty years ago as a twcnty-onc year old File Clerk. In answer to
the charges, he stated that he had no knowledge or intention of doing anything wrong,
that he has never knowingly tried to raise any money tor ;my political parly; that he has
8877
126 F-1783-72
never been involved in politics, and it has never been a factor in lus career; tiiat had he
known that he was engaging in an activity which would place liis career in jeopardy, he
would have retused to carry out the directions he received to advise his employees of
the "Salute" alYair, particularly since he had made it clear that he would not participate,
wliich statement was readily accepted by his supervisor; further, that unfortunately, he
had considered the "Salute" affair to be no different than drives and campaigns which
he frequently encounters, such as the United-Givers Fund drive and similar activities,
that while the "Salute" function was not one of the perennial drives, there had been
similar efforts of one kind or another over many years, and in such cases he had treated
the information passed on to him as management directions and he carried them out to
the best of his ability; that he had come to view such occasions as something he just
had to put up with; that in no instance, including the present one, did he ever feel he
was violating any law, or that he would or could do any such thing.
E. REUBEN T. MORGAN
This Respondent was employed by GSA in December, 1970, after retiring from the U.S.
Army in November, 1970, with twenty-eight years of service. In July, 1971 , he was desig-
nated Acting Director of the Standardization Division, FSS, and, on November 21, 1971,
he was appointed Director of that Division.
A summary of this Respondent's answer to the charges follows;
When he was called to a staff meeting on November 4, 1971 , he had no idea of the sub-
ject matter to be discussed, and when he left he knew only that he had been directed to
pass on information to his staff concerning a Presidential "Salute" function, which he
did the same day. He gave no thought to the nature of the "Salute" function and con-
sidered it as just another drive that was being "talked up." Even at the time the charges
were issued he had great difficulty seeing the events as "political management." At the
time the thought would have been ludicrous, particularly smce he had never taken an
active part in partisan politics in his life. In addition, he literally did not know what the
"Hatch Act" provided much less have any reason to consider it. Had he known at the
time that the Act may have prohibited the activities which then seemed quite innocent to
him, he certainly would not have been involved in any way. He honestly believed that he
was doing nothing more or less than passing on information from his superior as requested-
something which he had learned to do and expect of others during his military career.
Indeed, such a "request" in the military was generally deemed to iiave the force of an
order. He realizes that he should have known of the Hatch Act and taken it into considera-
tion at the time. The fact remains, however, that while he was virtually inundated with
data regarding insurance, leave, pay, general regulation and the like, at no time during
the entire orientation or thereafter was the Act mentioned to him personally nor could
he later find a reference to it in the voluminous orientation materials. He does not suggest
anyone is at fauh but emphasizes these facts because they may have a bearing on his case.
8878
F-1783-72 '
He in no way attempted to pressure or induce his subordiiiutcs to pai luiiiaic in tl»c
"Salute" affair and he does not believe that any one ot tiicm to whom he iimdc ilic
announcement took it in that manner. He retrained from uii> siKh ctloii oui ol a basic
belief that such an approach is wrong regardless of the nature ol the event in question
whether it be UGF, Red Cross or other such events. As tar as he was concerned, he had
fulfilled his responsibility by announcing and giving details of the attau .
He stated in conclusion that while his military career was at times most difficult and at
times most dangerous, it presented nothing like the type of unknown and unseen danger
such as he encountered in this instance. He finds it incomprehensible that tiie brief, inci-
dental and wholly innocent actions which he took m response to directions could possibly
have put him m this position. The mere fact that it has ever been alleged that he may have
violated a law of the United States is one of the most distres*;ing expoiiences of his life.
/•: JOSHPllA. WhlSUI.HWR
Mr. Weisgerber is the Director of Program Control and Evaluation Staff ol f .SS. He began
his Federal career in 1942, as a 17 year old, GS-I File Clerk.
A summary of this Respondent's answer to the charges follows;
He has never been pohtically active and has no conception of how to engage in "political
management;" the violation, if any, was completely unintentional. He did no intend to
solicit anyone to purchase or contribute toward the purchase of a ticket to the "Salute"
event and did nothing more than to pass on to his employees information which he had
received from his supervisor. He had not been solicited and he made sure that he gave no
indication of solicituig his employees. He advised his stalf that he did not intend to con-
tribute. He made it c4ear that they were free to act accordingly. He passed this informa-
tion on to his staff as he does with all information which management desires to have dis-
seminated. He treated the request from his supervisor, not as a request to support a polit-
ical fund-raising activity, but as a request to support higher level management objectives.
Had he felt that he was being solicited, his reaction wt)uld have been completely negative
and resentful. Similarly, if he had known or even fell that in passing the information in
question it could be construed as a violation of any law or regulation, he would not have
done so; that in the future he will exhaustively aiialy/.e any and all campaigns, drives and
similar undcrtakmgs to make certain that participation would be wholly coiLsistent with
the law.
a. SThJ't/IuX witiri
Mr. Wliite is Director of the Systems and Operations Support Division ol !-SS. llis ledeial
service began in 1956, at age 19.
8879
128 F- 1 783-7:
A summary of his reply to the charge follows:
Prior to becoming involved in this matter, the Hatch Act was to liini an abstract concept
which he believed dealt with activities performed directly for a political party. Because he
received directions through official channels, he believed thai he was performing a legiti-
mate duty having to do only with honoring the President of the United States. Had he
understood that the direction he received could be considered to relate to partisan
politics, he would have refused to cooperate.
He never considered and did not know what use would be made of the $25 check he re-
ceived, and which he passed on through channels. Legal and moral questions did not
occur to him inasmuch as the affair was so similar to other campaigns that it seemed
entirely routine. There was no coercion. He simply passed on information concerning the
"Salute" affair and his employee elected to participate. He did not feel that he had been
solicited by his supervisor to participate in the "Salute" affair.
in his agency, a great deal of emphasis is placed on organizational responsiveness. Cam-
paigns of all kinds are common and frequent, including the annual bond drive and the
Combined Federal Campaign; there has been a campaign to raise money for the John F.
Kennedy Library, a campaign for the relief of GSA employees made homeless by Hurri-
cane Camille in 1969, a campaign to provide relief for the family of a co-worker who died
suddenly of a heart attack, a campaign for contributions to the Children's Hospital, and,
in November, 1970, a campaign, similar to the one under discussion, which he did not dis-
cuss with his staff, but to which he voluntarily contributed out of respect for the Chief
Executive.
The intensity of any given campaign usually depends on the goals and ground rules es-
tablished at orientation meetings. One basic ground rule always forbids coercion, or re-
prisal for choosing not to contribute. The most intense campaigns involve the bond drive
and the Combined Federal Campaign; the others are less intense, and it is left to the dis-
cretion of the various subordinate units as to ht>w the campaign shall be conducted within
their area of responsibility. He is proud of his agency's esprit dv corps and, as a member of
the management team at GSA, he attempts to live up to the reasonable expectations of
management. However, he would never support or engage in any activity he considered to
be illegal.
Aside from the threat to his career and future which the charge in this proceeding repre-
sents, he is deeply distressed over the damage already done to the reputations of the able
and dedicated public servants caught up in this matter. They are men of the highest
character and integrity. None would knowingly violate the Hatch Act or any other regu-
lation. Therefore, it would seem that the fault lies in the lack of sufficient information
and training provided on this subject.
8880
F-l 783-72 129
So much for the matters which may be considered in mitigation. It has already been men-
tioned that in the opinion of the General Counsel removal is not warranted. He recom-
mends that penalties be imposed, as hereinabove set forth, from 30 to 60 days' suspension.
In support of this recommendation, he points to the long and unblemished record of
Federal service of each Respondent, the mitigating circumstances in each case, and the
loss to the agency which would result if these highly qualified and experienced employees
are removed from employment. Accordingly, a penalty less than removal in each case is
urged as being in the public interest.
It is clear that the Respondents by reasonable and prudent inquiry could have known, if
one or more in fact did not know, that the "Salute to the President Dinner" was a parti-
san political fund-raising affair. In this connection, it must be said that the concentration
of so much misinformation or lack of information with respect to the Hatch Act is simply
incredible. Each Respondent has been in the Federal service (the military service in the
case of Mr. Morgan) for most, if not all, of his adult Hfe. How any of them could have re-
mained virtually insulated from Hatch Act information regularly disseminated by the
Commission and news media, particularly in the Washington area, defies comprehension.
As for Mr. Morgan, who came to GSA after 28 years in the United States Army, restric-
tions on his political activity were also a fact of life while he was in the military service.
See 32 CFR 579.13. While this may not be particularly significant, it does tend to weaken
any assertion that he had no reason to consider the Act and its restrictions in view of his
one year of service with GSA before the "Salute" affair. In any case, he readily concedes
that he should have known something about the Act.
The Respondents assert that in no instance was coercion used in offering their subordi-
nates the opportunity to participate in the purchase and sale of dinner tickets. It is obvious,
and it is, or should be, universally recognized, that an element of coercion exists when-
ever a supervisor solicits, directly or indirectly, anything of value from a subordinate em-
ployee for a partisan political purpose. Threats need not be articulated to create such a
presumption. In cases under the Hatch Act, it is always viewed as an element implicit in
the nature of the employment relationship. Moreover, it is pure nonsense to equate soli-
citation of political contributions with fund-raising drives for charitable purposes. The
difference between them is the difference between right and wrong; the lawful and un-
lawful. Routine participation in lawful activity is no excuse for routine participation in
unlawful activity. Indeed, experience in such diverse areas of fund-raising activity should
have been sufficiently instructive to permit instant recognition of the difterence.
IV. CONCLUSION
There is no direct evidence in these cases of a deliberate violation of the Act and Rule.
There is evidence of lack of due care, inattention to the law, and poor judgment, but there
is no clear evidence of a calculated course of misconduct to support a finding that the
violations warrant removal. In this state of the record, the pcnaltjes recommended by the
»
8881
1^0 I 1'--^-
(iciier;il C ounscl arc coiisidcied as coininensuiatc with the oftciibc. ;iiid aic iuliicicntly
severe to serve as a deterent to future violations of the Act. In addition, theie is little
doubt that the adverse tlnding against these higli-ranking career oniployces uill cut deeper
than any penalty which nnght utiicrwisc be assessed. Tlie penalties m tiic cases of Messrs.
Spangler and Dodson are based on the C'oinmissioirs Rules oi Asccndme and Descending
Responsibility as follows:
Rule of Ascending; Responsibility
When violations of the Act occur pursuant to a plan handed down official channels
in an organiiiation, t!ic higher the rank of the oflcnder, the greater the culpability.
i)ther factors being equal.
Rule of DeseeuJing Respoiisibiliry
When violations of tire Act occur pursuant to a plan handed down official channels
in an organization, -the lower the rank of the offender, the loss the culpability,
other factors being equal.
V. DECISION AND ORDER OF THE COMMISSION
The Coiinnission finds thai each Respondent took an active jiart in political nianagcinenl
in violation ol section 4.1 of Civil Service Rule IV and 5 U.S.C. 7.>24(aK-) as charged,
and that the violations do not warrant removal.
// h OrJereJ that each respondent named in the caption be suspended without pay as
follows:
Lewis L. Spangler 60 days*
(icorge W. Dodsi)ii, Jr. 45 days
Llhot Gold }() days
Reuben T. Morgan 30 days
Joseph A. Weisgciber - 30 days
Stephen Wliite 30 days
* Ihe sus|>ension ol Lewis li. Spangler shall not take effect before April 1 3, l'>72.
8882
THE WHITE HOUSE y /
WASHINGTON
March 1. 1971
Exhibit 29
MEMORANDUM FOR: DAN KINGSLEY
FROM: JOHN FREEMAN
MAN-- A '
SUBJECT: Staffing Strategy for Part-Time
Boards and Commissions
The appointments to Presidential Boards and Commissions represent
a significant opportunity to reward important Presidential supporters
"and to broaden the Adnninistration' s support with special constituent
groups. While many of the Boards and Connnnissions have substantive
tasks that require appointees to have certain requisite skills, the
capability does exist to meet these substantive requirements and obtain
political mileage simultaneously. The purpose of this nnemorandum is
to pull together the information that was contained in the study of the
WHPO and the inputs that we have received during the discussions with
Timmons, Colson, and Evans.
The capacity for placement on Presidential Boards and Commissions
is estimated to be about 75-100 per month of which approximately 25
would result from the expiration of terms on existing Boards and 50-75
■would result from the creation of new Boards or Commissions. Appoint-
ments to the more important Departmental Boards and Commissions
average over 300 per month.
From time to time, the President has directed specific placement
objectives for special categories, e. g. , one woman, one ethnic or
minority group member, and one laborite should be placed on every
sizable Presidential Board and Commission. While some success has
been achieved, there have been no specific goals established for either
Presidential or Departmental appointments and there has been no
measurement of actual success. Al Kaupinen did establish a procedure
for securing the appointments of major financial contributors. This has
been successful and should be continued. On the other hand, no particular
State placement objectives have been specified either for purposes of
8883
Dan Kingsley
Page 2
March 1, 1971
courting key legislators or for strengthening and broadening support
for the '72 elections. In the absence of any contrary guidance the bulk
of the appointments have naturally tended to be Republicans. This may
be correct but in some States or among certain constituent groups, key
Democrats or Independents may be just as important to the President.
Given the rather substantial number of appointments available to the
Administration, it would appear that almost all of the various placement
objectives could be met if they were approached in a systematic manner,
■which would establish priorities among various candidates and placement
goals for special constituent groups, party affiliation, and States. The WHPO
should take the lead in establishing a strategy framework for staffing
part-time positions. Precise objectives for each category would be
developed in coordination with the RNC, liaison offices, and key political
strategists. The strategy plan would then be submitted to the President
for his approval. While we covered the need for such a strategy plan in
our report, nothing concrete has yet been developed. We need such a plan
not only for guiding our own efforts on Presidential Boards but also to insure
Departmental placements art being made in a manner consistent with the
President's interests. Since our personnel study called for the delegation
of the clearance decision on Departmental Boards to the Departments, our
ability to continue to influence these appointments will consist of the
placement targets and quarterly performance reports of actual vs. targets.
A rough draft of a strategy framework is attached. It is divided into
five major components, each of which deals with a portion of the staffing
plan for part-time positions. I believe that after reviewing this with Ed
and Al, you would personally discuss it with Timmons, Evans, and Colson.
The resulting plan would be sent to Haldeman for approval.
Attachment
cc: Fred Malek
Bill Korton
Ed Rector
Al Kaupinen
8884
I. Targets for distribution of appointments by States designed
to support the 1972 campaign effort in key States
The States are divided into four groups for the purpose of this
analysis. Group A consists of the large States that were carried
in '68 and are essential for '72. To maintain the President's
strength the allocation of placements is programmed at roughly
25% more than the percentage of electoral votes. Group B is
similar to Group A but contains medium sized States, principally
the border States. The same 25% placement premium is programmed.
Group C represents the small Rocky Mountain and Plains States
•which were solid GOP in '68. Due to a population which is proportion-
ately smaller than the 10% of the electoral votes they represent, an
allocation of 10% of the placements should be adequate. Group D
represents three key States which were close in '68 and could be
decisive in '72. As a consequence, the allocation of placements
for Group D is programmed at 50% greater than the percentage of the
electoral votes. The remaining States [New England (9),
New York (15), Pennsylvania (4), Maryland (4), Pacific Northwest (2).
Deep South (3), North Central States (7), and D. C. (7)] would
receive the remaining 28% of the placements instead of the 50%
of the appointments to Presidential Boards and Commissions
which they currently enjoy.
8885
Per
centape of
Nu
mber of
Total
Total
state
^1
ectoral Votes
Electoral Vot
es Placennents
Group A
California
45
8. 4
11
Illinois
26
4. 9
Ohio
25
4. 7
Florida
17
3. 2
Indiana
13
2. 4
126
2 3. 5 %
3 0%
Group B
North Caroli
ina
13
2. 4
Virginia
12
2. 2
Tennessee
10
1. 9
Kentucky
9
1. 7
South Carolina
8
1. 5
Iowa
8
1. 5
Delaware
3
. 6
Group D
Texas
Ne^v Jersey
Missouri
Total
Needed
26
17
12
298
267
11. 7%
10%
4. 9*^ 7"^
3.2 ho. 4% 5 >16%
2. 3«^ 4^
8886
II. Patronage Candidates
(1) All rated "1" will be placed
(2) 50% rated "2" will be placed
IIL Financial contributor- -list compiled by WHPO with inputs from
RNC, senior WH staff, Stans, etc. ; would be placed primarily on
Presidential Boards or given appropriate patronage rating and
referred to Departments
IV. Special Constituent Groups
(1) Women - 10% of all placements
(2) Ethnics - 10% of all placements, particularly important in
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and New Jersey
(3) Minority Groups
(a) Blacks - 5% of all placements; key urban areas in
Central/Midwest and Southern border States;
(b) Spanish- speaking Americans - 2% of all placements; Mexican
- Americans iir^talifornia, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona,
Puerto Rican and Cuban American in Florida
(4) Labor union members - 10% of all placements - urban areas of
Central/Midwest; California; and Southern border States; might
also tend to be ethnics or minorities
(5) Members of State and local government - 3% of all placements -
local opinion leaders (urban, suburban, and rural)
(6) Others - youth, academicians, etc.
While the special constituent categories appear to account for
40% of total placements, it is expected that there will be substantive
overlap, e. g. , ethnic/labor union; minority group/women;
ethnic/State government; etc. , so that probably only 25% of the
total placements would be required to meet all of the special
constituent group objectives.
8887
V. Party Affiliation
It is expected that the bulk of the appointments would continue
to be registered Republicans. However, recognizing the
importance of Democrats and Independents to the President,
these two categories might account for 30% of the total. £ach
Democrat or Independent appointed should have solid evidence
of past support of the President and/or expressed strong
indication to do so in the future. The appointment of over
10% Democrats or 15% Independents would be a cause of
special interest to the White House to insure that the appointments
were truly in the President's interest.
8888
Exhibit 30
■ .-,::•• ' ; 'i ;/ w • mi . i ;• i po. b,, jjj . Mod:,„„. s„„-s
,,..>; Thr Karl !:. Mundt
■'V-i lUSTOKlCAL nnd P.DUCATIONAI.
> O. Box ril • Modl.on, SourS DoIoIq 5704!
O. JACK GIRSQ
NATIOMAL
SPONSORING
COM,\AITTGE
Dear Clayton:
Enclosed is the resume for Bill Wen'ji, /'.ladison,
for one of the Agriculture coinmittees .
It is short - he said he had never made out a
resume before. It is hard to ..elievo that there is somp
one in the world who hasn't applied for a job or some
other behofit from the federal govorn'^ent .'
I hope the committee is serious about appointing
people to committees or commissions. If you have an idez
of some areas in which we can look, let me know. I am
>ure I c/h come up ivith other good names.
i^.x /^^ a. /I •^•- ^--w -^^-- ^/^
_^
y
8889
■/bMMITif^F. FOR THZ RE-ELECTION OF THE PRKSfDENJ
Aug. 31
To Frank Herringer
Frank, one of the names I submitted to
you several weeks ago for a possible appoint-
ment to a committee of some kind was a man
named t^enk from South Dakota. Obie O'Brien,
our Nixon chairman, says that he believes we
will get a very large contribution from him
If an appointment comes through. Can you
check on this for me? Or should I just call
KingsXey^
8890
September 5, 1972
MEMOKA?viOUM FOR: DAN KINGSI.EY
SUBJECT: William B. Wenk
Clayfcoa Yeutter and fche Nixon Chairman from South Dakota believe that
Mr. Y/enk (resume attached) will he a big help to us if we can appoint
hirn to an advisory board or commission.
I assume that a departmental in Agriculture would be the only alterna-
tive. Of course, time is of the essence -- the quicker %ve can get a
commitment, the better. Please let me know the prospects. I would
race this as a MUST.
Attachment
FCH:mrr
8891
February 17, 1971
MEMORANDUM FOR: FRED MALEK
DAN KINGSLEY
FROM: BILLHORTON
Because this paper will be left with the Departments, we
deleted direct references to making patronage placements.
However, the concept of setting Departmental patronage
targets and the responsibilities for follow-through should be
made clear verbally. The following points should be
made clear to the Department and Agency Heads:
U Informal targets will be established on how many
full-time and part-time placements each Department
can reasonably absorb
2. Following these guidelines and reflecting the skills
of the individuals, the VTHPO would assign selected
politically important candidates to appropriate
Departments for placement
3. It would be the Departments' responsibility to ma.tch
the individual to an appropriate job and report the
results back to the WHPO
Attachment
32-818 0-74 -pt. 19 -20
8892
zi\in\
TALKING POINTS ON CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT OF
NON- CAREER PERSONNEL
Purpose of Meeting:
--to review changes directed by the President in the management
of non-career personnel
-- to discuss what actions your Department should take to
implement changes
-- to agree upon next steps
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Two fundamental principles underlie changes:
1. They are designed to enhance cooperation between the White House
and the Departments on personnel matters
-- Rather than focusing primarily on clearances, the White House
Personnel Operation (WHPO) will work more closely with the
Departments on top level positions across the board, e.g. , selection,
clearance, performance evaluation, recognition
-- Departments will assume responsibilities which they can more
effectively and expeditiously handle, especially affecting lower level
full-time positions and Departmental Boards and Commissions
2. To reduce confusion and improve coordination in personnel decisions,
non-career personnel responsibilities in the White House are being
placed in one office: the WHPO
The changes in full-time positions can be best summarized in the way they
affect three different levels of non-career positions: (1) Presidential appointee
and Executive level, (2) Supergrades, and (3) GS-15's and below
1. Presidential appointee and Executive level: recruiting and
post-appointment actions will be a joint effort between the White House
and the Departments
8893
Because of the President's desire to move quickly in
recruiting, an Executive search capability has been established
at the White House
It will provide the Department Heads an outreach capability
in identifying and attracting highly qualified candidates
• Department Heads will retain primary responsibility
for selecting the final candidate
Normal procedure for selecting a Presidential appointee will be:
Department notifies WHPO of upcoming vacancy, requirements for
the position, and top candidate(s) known to Department Heads
(3 months lead time is desired)
Working closely with the Department and drawing from other
sources, WHPO develops qualified candidates for Department
Head to choose from (these would generally include those candidates
suggested by the Department Head)
To ensure that all viewpoints are heard and agreement is
reached, the choice of the Department Head will be reviewed
by relevant White House staff offices
If there is agreement on the final selection, the candidate is
entered into clearance; if not, the issue is submitted to
President for final decision
Responsibility for making final clearance contacts will
remain with the White House; however. Departments should continue to
touch base with appropriate Congressional and interest group
representatives in making their final selection
Appointees will be givaian orientation at the White House--in-depth
sessions with their counterparts on the White House staff. Domestic
Council, OMB, and l^ational Security Council and culminating in a
meeting with the President
8894
-- Working closely together. Departments and the White House will
identify outstanding performers for appropriate recognition and
assignments; by the sanne token, poor perfornners should be similarly
identified
To identify probable top and poor performers. Cabinet Officers
and Executive Office sources will be asked by the WHPO in a series
of informal discussions to group appointees in one of three
categories: Outstanding, Average or Poor
Additional information will be sought by the WHPO on these indivi-
duals to confirm or refute the initial reading
2. Supergrades: the Departments will assume much of the responsibility
for this level
-- Recruiting and selection will be the Departments' responsibility
-- Departments will be delegated responsibility to perform clearance staff
work prior to submission to the White House for final decision
Except in those few problem cases, clearance should only take
a few days
-- Departments will be expected to identify outstanding and poor
performers and take appropriate action
3. GS-15's and below: Departments eventually will have nearly all the
personnel responsibility for this level
-- Except for the clearance decision all personnel matters will be
the responsibility of the Departments
-- Eventually we intend to delegate the clearance decision to the
Departments
Boards and Commissions will be handled one of two ways depending on -whether
they are Presidential or Departmental appointments
1. Responsibility for staffing and clearing of Presidential Boards and
Connmissions will be retained by the White House; however, in those cases
when the Board is solely oriented to one Department, it will be asked to
develop an initial slate of candidates
8895
2. Staffing and clearing Departmental Boards and Commissions will be
delegated to the Departments as they are able to handle effectively
Departments will be given greater responsibility in handling referrals from the
White House and follow-up inechanisms to track the disposition of referrals will be
strengthened
WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THE DEPARTMENTS
In summary, the Departments will be expected to:
Assume greater responsibilities, e.g., for clearances and
disposition of White House referrals
Strengthen capabilities in such areas as recTuiting and performance
evaluation
Consequently, many Departments must upgrade their non- career personnel
operations to meet new requirements:
Primary personnel contact for WHPO should have full
confidence of and accessibility to the Department Head and
have decision-making authority
Reporting to the primary contact should be a staff sufficient
for handling expanded day-to-day operations
The Department Head should be involved in the critical personnel activities.
Selection of final candidate for top positions
Performance evaluation of his immediate subordinates
Removal decisions
8896
NEXT STEPS
Reach agreement on who will be designated as the primary contact within
your Departnnent
Initiate recruiting for existing and projected top level vacancies
Brief primary contact and his staff in detail on the changes to take place
and what is expected of the-"
Work with primary contact to develop implementation and staffing plan
for your Department
Work with primary contact to develop operating goals
8897
Exhibit 32
AFFIDAVIT
I, Stanton D. Anderson, depose and state as
follows:
A question has been raised concerning a
memorandum from me to Mr. Mac Warren of the General
Services Administration (GSA) dated November 9, 1971
concerning Leslie Cohen of California. The memorandum
asked the GSA to review possible job opportunities for
Mr. Cohen in California and to keep me closely informed
of their progress. Allegations have now been raised that
this memorandum was requesting GSA to obtain a career
position for Mr. Cohen.
Nothing coulA be further from the truth. The
memorandum in question did not indicate that Mr. Cohen
should be considered for a non-career Schedule C job
because I always operated on the understanding that
these referral memoranda from me to various departments
and agencies were recommendations for non-career
Schedule C jobs. Regarding the particular case of
Mr. Cohen, I was advised by GSA that there were no non-
career jobs in California and accordingly I requested
the Agency to send the proper Civil Service forms to
Mr. Cohen for him to complete if he so desired and for
GSA and the Civil Service Commission to review Cohen's
qualifications in accordance with their normal procedures
if Cohen was interested in a career job. I do not recall
hearing further about the status of Mr. Cohen's employment
until Mr. Hamilton, a Committee Counsel, advised me
on June 3 that Mr. Cohen had been offered a career job
which he declined.
8898
More generally, all referrals that were sent
from me to the departments and agencies under the
standard White House rating and referral system were
for non-career Schedule C job. This was always my
intent and my expectation. In some instances, of
course, these White House referrals were qualified
for career employment and their applications were
processed in accordance with normal career procedures
if the candidate was interested in a career appointment
and he completed the necessary Civil Service employment
forms. At no time, however, did I ever ask a department
or agency to violate the law or Civil Service regulations
to place a person in a career position.
.yp^dj^
Stanton D. AndersoiY
District of Columbia
Sworn and subscribed before
me, a Notary Public in and for
the Difstrict of Columbia this
X^tf^ day of ^,__ , yf;,^
Notary/PuDlic
tfy CoBUBlMlaa EzpiiM Apiil 30, 137|>
8899
[i^ v/hith: noijj
'vVA s H I n c T o : 1
May 7, 1971
Exhibit 33
FROM STAN ANDERSON
EncloGed ia the resurae for Mr. George M. Shirey, J r
He is looking for a GS~13 or 14, PIO type pGGi:ion. Ke
v/111 be qualified with the Civil Service so he can fill
either a career or non-career slot. He is a ^'".u;n■.
Please consider his qua.liiications and get back to :ne
V/ith the possibilities as soon as possible. Tliank yoi;.
SA:vh-
ICnclosi.ire
8900
UHirro statls or at .r:,";ir.\ ,
L<
Aiiy 13, 1971
jvi:";moi!.andum to p?/1D3, oai, oad, alt
FROM: Turlr 1 -^-'— .- - ALIB
SUBJECT: Personnel Referrals
The attached application, which has been highly recommended to the
Administratoi , is forwarded for your consideration:
Mr. George M. Shirey, Jr.
Please review available and anticipated vacancies to determine v/hathsr
or not you have a position for which he can qualify. An early replv v.ill
bo aDorcciated.
Thanl; you. '■
Enclosure(3) ^-^ [^^"^ 'J^.V-^^ ..-'-5
A
'^0 '
8901
THE V; r'i'TE MOUSI
w A s -i I N c T o >:
Autrusc 1, 197?.
IvIEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
ROB DAVISON
Celso Moreno
ik
It is our -understanding that your Texas division is hiring field
representatives. I have attached a Fonn 171 on Celso Moreno,
v/ho has been qualified by CSC for a GS-13. I would appreciate
your seeing that he is given high priority consideration for one
of these slots.
Please let Helen B^)v/der know v/hen lie has been interviev/ed.
Thanks.
Attachment
8902
Tt-IE WHIT[£ HOUSE
A A S M I N C, TON
October 26, 1 97 1
y.
MEjMORANDUM FOR:
FROM: Stan Anderson
SUBJECT: Floyd C. Day
Attached hereto please find the resume of Floyd C. Day. You may
want to consider Mr. Day for the position of Passenger Traffic
Manager with GSA. Please rate this request as a 3.
SDA:bmt
Attachment
8903
Exhibit 3 5
19^^
Personnel
OL lTlCf)l-C^
f
/o*/r»c4«.
Dedicated to the
Federal'^Personnd Manual System junitcd States Civil Service Coinmission
8904
INDEX
INTRODUCTIOK 1
SECTION I: ORGANIZATION OF A POLITICAL PERSOIJTIEL OFFICE
MID PROGRAM 6
1. Organization of a Political Personnel Office 6
a. Functions 6
a-1. Research & Development 7
a -2 Patronage 7
a-3 Recruitment 7
a-^ Clearance 7
a -5 Research & Development 7
a-6 Morale 8
b. Location 8
b-1 Organizational Location 8
b-2 Physical Location 9
c . Coordinating and Approval Authorities " 10
c-1 Coordination 10
c-2 Approval A.uthorities 12
d. Operations Section (Description of Duties) l6
e. Area Liaison Branch (Description of Duties) l8
f. General Recruitment Branch (Description of Duties) 22
g. Agency Liaison Branch (Description of Duties) 23
h. Research S; Development Br. (Description of Duties) 25
i . Morale 29
j . Staffing of the Organization 31
j-1 Manpower 31
j-2 Type of Personnel 32
2. Procedures 35
a . Patronage 35
b . Recruitment 39
c. Clearance ^1
d. Annotmcement and Notification ■ 1|2
SECTION II: BRIEFING BOOK ON RULES AITO REGULATIONS kk
1. Pay Levels hk
a. Executive Levels kk
b. Svipergrades i'-6
c. GS-1 through GS-15 ^8
d. Classification U9
e. Function of Steps 51
f . Whitten Amendment 53
g. Other Pay Systems 56
2. T^'pes of Appointments Defined 57
a. Career Appointments 58
b. Excepted Appointments 59
b-1 Presidential Appt. Requiring Senate Confirmation 60
b-2 PAS-R ' 60
b-3 Presidential Appointment 6I
8905
b-U Approval of the President 6l
b-5 Uoncareer Executive Assigninent 6l
b-6 Limited Executive Assignment 62
b-7 Schedule C 62
b-8 Schedule A 62
b-9 Schedule B " 63
b-10 Temporary Appointments 6h
b-11 Consultant and Expert Appointments 66
b-12 • Other Appointment Authorities 66
3. Appointment, Tenure, Promotions, Demotions and Reassignments
a. Career Appointments 68
b. Career Executive Assignment 77
c. PAS Appointments 79
d. FAS-R Appointments 8I
e. PA Appointments 83
f . Approval of the President Appointments 83
g. Koncareer Executive Assignment 83
h. Limited Executive Assignment 85
i. Schedule C 86
j. Schedule A 88
k. Schedule B 89
SECTION III: ORGAIIIZATIOI'IAL. MD REORGANIZATIOIIAL TEGHI^QUES
IN AID OF THE PERSONNEL PROCESS 9I
1. Budget and Slots 9I
a . Slots 91
b . Budget 9J1
2. Organizational Relationships, Their Effect on
Classification and Designation 99
3. Techniques for Removal Through Organizational or
Management Procedures 102
a. Individual Techniques 102
a-1 Frontal Assault 102
a-2 Transfer Technique 103
a- 3 Special Assignment Technique lo4
b. Layering Technique 105
c. Shifting Responsibilities and Isolation Technique IO8
d. New Activity Technique IO9
e. Bureaucratic Countermeasures 110
CONCLUSION 112
8906
INTRODUCTION
Because of the many appointees that come from the business world into
an Administration, there is a great tendency for managers to equate Government
with corporate life and to manage accordingly. There are indeed similarities
in tertr.s of size and budget, manpower and scope of activities, but there are
sore very essential differences which must be understood by those with
personnel or management responsibilities.
A corporation will have a board of directors elected by a majority of
shareholders. That board of directors designates the principal officers of the
corporation who in turn can hire and fire subordinate employees. There is no
inherent conflict between the board of directions and its principal officers.
The success of the corporation can be easily measured; you subtract cost from
income and you arrive at a profit which is measured in dollars.
On the other hand, ho:vever. Government is not so streamlined. You have
one jroup of majority shareholders that elects the "board of directors" being
the Congress. Like a board of directors, the Congress through authorizing
legislation determines the programs of the Government, through appropriations
alloc.'^Caa the resources of the Government and through tax legislation, bond
authorizations, etc determines the sources and amount of funding for the
Federal Government.
Meanwhile, another group of majority shareholders elect the President,
the principal executive officer of the Government, who in turn appoints the
balance of the principal officers of the Government. They form a Cabinet which
in many ways acts like another board of directors. As in the case of the last
four years, the officers of the Government owe their loyalty to one group of
"shareholders'," while the majority in Congress owe their loyalty to another
group of "shareholders". And of course this creates a constant tension between
the officers of the Government and the Congress who appeal to the shareholders
to turn out each other in the hope of getting officers and a Congress who are
loyal to the same group of "shareholders" and to each other.
8907
This places the career bureaucrat in the unique position of remaining
loyal to his "government", while chosing whether he'll be loyal to the officers
or to Congress, or to use the fact of tension between the executive and legis-
lative branches to do his own thing.
Further, because of the naze of rules and regulations with regard to the
hiring and firing of Federal employees, the executive is more often than not
frustrated with its ability to insure a loyal chain of command. Yet the
executive is answerable to the electorate, every; four years, for its management
of the Government.
Further, not only can we disagree on the programs of the Government,
but there is constant controversy over what are the measuring devices of
success or failure.
In short, lii our constitutional form of Government, the Executive Branch
is, and always will be, a political institution. This is not to say that the
application of good management practices, sound policy formulation, and the
highest caliber of program implenentatlon are not of vital importance. The
best politics is still good Government. BUT YOU CANNOT ACHIEVE MANAGEMENT,
POLICY OR PROGRAM CONTROL UNLESS YOU HAVE ESTABLISHED POLITICAL CONTROL. The
record is quite replete with Instances of the failures of program, policy
and management goals because of sabotage by employees of the Executive Branch
who engage in the frustration of those efforts because of their political
persuasion and their loyalty to the majority party of Congress rather than
the executive that supervises them. And yet, In their own eyes, they are
sincere and loyal to their Government.
The above facts were not lost en John and Robert Kennedy. Shortly after
Kennedy's nomination the Kennedy campaign reportedly hired a management consult-
ing firm which made a survey of the Executive Branch of Government. In that
survey they pointed out every position, regardless of grade, regardless of
whether it was career or noncarcer, which was thought to bo an Important
pressure point in the Executive Branch. They did a thorough research job on
32-818 O - 74 -pt. 19 - 21
8908
-3-
the incumbents occupying those positions. After Kennedy's inauguration, they
put Larry O'Brien in charge of the effort to "clean out the Executive Branch"
all incumbents of those positions whom they felt they could not rely upon
politically. Larry O'Brien, with the assistance of the Departments and Agencies,
reportedly, boasted that he accomplished the task in ISO days. It is widely
believed, and probably true, that we did not come close to meeting Larry O'Brien'
record in 180 days. Quite to the contrary, at the end of three times that 180
days in this Adninistrationj Republicans only occupied 61% of the non-career
positions that were filled below the PAS and PA level. Republicans only filled
1708 out of 3391 Presidential appointments, and this Administration had only
bothered to utilize 899 out of 1333 Schedule C (GS-15 and below) authorities
granted to the Departments and Agencies, with incumbents of any persuasion.
Lyndon Johnson went a step further. He appointed Jt hii "acy to two
positions s inultanecusly. He was the Special Assistant to the President for
personnel matters directly in charge of the recruitrront of ranking Administra-
tion officials, the political clearance system at the 'white House, and the
Johnson White House political control over the personnel in the Executive
Branch. He was also appointed Chairman of the Civil Service Commission, the
"guardian of the Civil Service and the merit system." Ludwig Andolsek,
formerly Administrative Assistant to Rep. John Blatnik (D-Minn) , and the staff
man in charge of Democratic patronage matters for the House of Representatives
Democratic Caucus, was the Vice Chairman of the Civil Service Commission and
"vice guardian of the Civil Service and the merit system." Together they
formed the two man majority on the three man commission. Naturally, there
wasn't a ripple of concern from a Democratic Congress, only the covert clapping
of hands and salivation at the opportunities that now were theirs.
Of course. Congress proceeded to more than double the number of super-
grade positions and Executive Level positions in the Government. And naturally
the White House did a thorough job of insuring that those appointed to those
positions were politically reliable. Documents left behind reveal that even
8909
-4-
nominees for career positions at the supergrade level, and the equivalents,
were cleared and interviewed at the White House. The documents substantiate
that the interview process was conducted by Marvin Watson's office prior to,
or simultaneously, with submission of paperwork to the Civil Service Commis-
sion. And in many instances a little "insurance" was obtained with respect to
the loyal performance of the appointee by appointing him or her under Limited
Executive Assignir.ent and converting that person to career status a year later.
A final objective of the Johnson Administration was to insure the
continued loyalty of the bureaucracy to the Democratic programs and the Johnson
policies after the takeover by the Nixon Administration. They did this by
several rcorganizational processes in 1968 which allowed them to freeze in
both the people and the positions they had created into the career service.
They also made some startling last minute appointments.
HEW is a department which serves as a startling example. After Nixon's
inauguration there were but 47 excepted positions (including Presidential
appointees and confidential secretaries) available to the Administration out
of 115,000 positions. In the Social Security Administration there were two
excepted positions out of 52,000. In the Office of Education there were only
four, and even the Commissioner of Higher Education of the United States was
a career GS-18, The Office of Education reorganized between November 8, 1968
and January 11, 1969 creating nearly 125 new branch chief positions all filled
on a career basis. In the health field the Public Health Service was esentially
reorganized out of any meaningful existence in 1968, and in its place the
National Institutes of Health in charge of all health research, the Health
Services and Mental Health Administration in charge of controversial areas of
health delivery and mental health programs and the Consumer Protection and
Environxental Health Services in charge of all preventative health programs
were created. Though a Public Health Service Officer, carefully selected, was
put in charge of CPEH3, new Executive Level IVs wore created for the other
8910
-5-
two. The career appointnent Co the- Directorship of NIH was given to one
who had been brought into KIH a few years previously^ cleared through Marvin
Watson's office at the White House. The head of HSMiU went to a close Kennedy
fanily friend. He was mentioned in "Death of a President" as the close Kennedy
family physician present at the autopsy cf President John F. Kennedy, He was
appointed at the beginning of the Kennedy Administration as a deputy to
Sargent Shriver at the Peace Corps. VJhen Sarge Shriver fully moved to the
Directorship of OEO, ha moved with him as a deputy to Shriver and also held
the title of Deputy Assistant to the President. He was appointed to his career
Executive Level IV post in January 1969, just eleven days before President
Nixon's inauguration.
8911
SECTION I - ORGANIZATION Or A POLITICAL PERSONNEL OFFICE AND PROGRAM
1 . ORGANIZATION
The ideal organization to plan. Implement and operate the political
personnel program necessary is headed by a special assistant to the head of
the department, or agency, or to the assistant head of the department, or
agency, for Administration. Reporting to the special assistant would be ar
operations section within his immediate office and one or two staff assistants
helping him to coordinate and to handle the specialized function of the morale
building which will be explained later. In addition there should be four
branches: the Area Liaison Branch, the Agency Liaison Branch, the Recruitment
Branch, and the Research and Development Branch. (See Appendix. 4 - Charts)
a. FUt<CTIONS
The functions of that office broadly defined are: to advise the
trina^ers of the department or agency on the suitability of personnel
applying for positions, to render their staff assistance by recruiting
personnel, and to relieve them of the tine consuming burdens involved
in the correspondence, evaluation and interviewing of candidates for
prospective positions. The over riding goal to be achieved is to insure
placement in all key positions of substantively qualified and politically
reliable officials with a minimum burden on line managers in achieving
that goal. The objective of that goal is firm political control of the
De:>artment, or agency, while at the same time effecting good management
and good programs.
Another function is to insure that personnel, which is a resource of
the government, is utilized in such a way that it not only produces better
government, but is utilized in a manner which creates maximum political
benefit for the President and the Party.
8912
-7-
Toward those ends the critical functions of such an office encompass
the following:
(arl) Research and Development
The study and pinpointing of those positions within the Depart-
ment or Agency which are critical to control of that Department or
Agency. That office must then study and know the suitability of
whatever incumbents occupy those positions. Where an unsuitable
incumbent does occupy one of those positions, that office must
effect his removal or devise a plan to organize the critical respon-
sibilities he administers from without his control.
(372) Patronage
That office would handle the unsolicited requests for the
employment of personnel, the appropriate correspondence generated
thereto, the evaluation of the candidates both substantively and
politically, the interview process, and the placement of those
suitable in positions commensurate with their background and ability.
(arS) Recruitment
The affirmative search for candidates for specific positions
(both political and non-political) and the handling of the appropri-
ate correspondence, evaluation, and intervtcJ process attached thereto.
(av^) Clearance
The screening of candidates and nominees with respect to their
suitability based upon substantive criteria, political criteria, and
national security criteria.
(ayS) Research and Dcvelopnient
The constant evaluation of both the substantive and political
performance of our appointees and the development of cross- training
8913
programs and upward mobility programs for those appointees who
show promise and merit.
(a-6) Morale
The administration of a program of awards, incentives, and
events designed to promote the morale and continued enthusiasm of
our Administration's appointees.
b . LOCATION
Location deals with two aspects; a) organizational location and
b) phj'oical location.
(b-1) Organizational Location
The Assistant Secretary, or Assistant Agency Head, for Adminis-
tration has usually within his control all the operational offices
dealing with governmental resources, i.e. personnel, general services
and financial management (and through financial management a second
guess as to the direction of program dollars). It is always easier
if the man who directs the implementation and procedures of slot
allocations, pay levels, space, organization, and personnel operations
also directs the political applications of these same resources.
This fact was not lost on the Kennedy Administration. During the
early 60x most Republicans were swept out of the Assistant Secretary-
ships for Administration. Kennedy loyalists assumed those positions,
and thereafter Congress by statute quickly made most of those
positions career. So, if the Assistant Secretary, or Agency Head,
for Administration is, or the position can be filled by, someone
both fiercely loyal to the President and savvy in the ways of Govern-
ment bureaucracy, he should supervise and direct the Special
Assistant in charge of the Political Personnel Office. In the
8914
-9-
instance where the office is so located, the Assistant Secretary, or
Agency Head, will be the key political contact for the V.'hite House
with the Special Assistant in charge of the day-to-day operations
of the Politicail Personnel Office functions essentially as an
operational deputy.
The other alternative is that the Special Assistant be located
in the Office of the Secretary or Agency Head. As a Special Assistant
to the Secretary or Agency Head he would He the key political contact
for the White House and a Deputy should serve as opern'.ional director
on a day-to-day basis of the Political Personnel Office. It is
essential that the office be located at this high level, in the
absence of the authority being vested in an Assistant Secretary or
Assistant Agency Head, so that the apparent authority to speak and
act in the naxe of tho Secretary, or Agency iicad, is recognised
throughout the Departnent. Other-.^ise that office will be viewed as
an undesirable advocate rather than a high level policy and implemen-
ting arm of the Secretary, or Agency Head, with respect to personnel
matters.
(b-2) Physical Location
Physical location is of the utmost importance although It is
usually not seriously considered. Rightly or wrongly, both the
physical location and the majesty of decor of the offices of the
Political Personnel Office, which will have constant public contact,
will corir.unicate to both the bureaucracy and the public apparent
power and authority. For example, if a candidate, or a political
sponsor of a candidate, comes to the Secretary's office seeking an
audience to discuss an appointment natter, presumably he will be
8915
-10-
ref erred to the Political Personnel Office, for presurrably one of
the functions of that office is to relieve the Secretary as much as
possible of the burden of having to hold their hands. If he walks
down the hall to another suite of well furnished offices and has his
audience, he's going to regard that audience as being meaningful and
the next best thing to seeing the Secretary himself. If, however,
he is shuffled to offices dox*n a couple of floors with rather bureau-
cratic and unimpressive surroundings, experience tells us that most
likely he's going to feel he received a bureaucratic run-around and
will quickly reappear in the Secretary's office demanding once again
to see the Secretary or one of his "top aides" presumably located
physically close to him.
The same is true when a bureaucrat must be called in for one
reason or another. The apparent power communicated by being summoned
to the office of an aide closs to the Office of the Agency Head or
Secretary effects better results than to be summoned to just another
office in the building. It's the old political parable that "proximity
implies power."
c. COORDINATING AND APPROVAL AUTHOiaTIES
(c-1) Coordination
There are four areas within an agency that require almost
perfect rapport and coordination between those areas and the Political
Personnel Office. They arc 1) Congressional Liaison 2) the Personnel
Office 3) the Budget Director's office and 4) the Public Information
Office.
The Congressional Liaison Office has a responsibility to serve
as the link between the agency and Congress. It is an inescapable
fact of life that Congressmen and their staffs, sensitive to
political power-brokering, will more often than not bypass liaison
8916
shops and deal directly with those involved in making decisions they
are interested in. This is especially true in recruitment and
patronage matters. When the Congressman who has sponsored a candidate
is informed by that candidate that he is going to be interviewed, or
has received a corr.munication from a person in a Political Personnel
Office, that Congressman will generally begin to communicate and
bring direct pressure on the Political Personnel Office. Sensitivities
being what they are, coordinating procedures between the Congressional
Liaison shop and the Political Personnel Office must be carefully
worked out from the beginning in order to avoid the inevitable friction
and questions of jurisdiction that will ultimately arise. Some
suggestions will be offered in this manual when we come to thar part
where we deal with the specific procedures and operations of each
Branch of the Political Personnel Office.
The Personnel Office of the Department, or Agency, of course,
must process the appointments of all officials. They can make Chat
process either very easy or very rough depending on the rapport and
coordination the Political Personnel Office establishes with then.
Ideally the Personnel Director will be a loyal member of the team
(another important pressure point in the agency) . That Personnel
Director, and his staff, will obviously have to be relied upon to
render technical advice, and to implement by processing, personnel
decisions made by the Political Personnel Office and the line
managers. There is no way to really exclude them from whatever it is
that you're doing.
Again, the Budget Director is a key man with respect to resources,
including personnel. Since the Budget Director usually has control
over the allocation of positions and the allocation of money for
salaries, he is a necessary "team member" when using those resources
8917
-12-
to accomplish personnel objectives. This is especially true when
extra positions, for political reasons, must be created with the
accompaniment of salary dollars. Or another example of where his
cooperation is indispensable is when reorganizing for political and/or
personal objectives.
One other areas of coordination and rapport that is important
is between the Political Personnel Office and the Public Information
Office. Premature announcements of appointments can be both legally
and politically detrimental. While on the other hand, maximum
publicity for an appointment in certain Instances might be desired
for certain political purposes. It is therefore very important that
at the very beginning the Political Personnel Office and the Public
Information Office work out a very well outlined announcement proce-
dure. Again, suggestions v/ill be nade later in this manual in the
part where we deal with the special procedures and operations of
each branch of the Political Personnel Office.
(c-2) Approval Authorities
It is obviously important that the Political Personnel Office
serve in more than an advisory role if it is to have any teeth at all.
It must play a role In the formal authorizations for hiring and firing.
There are two types of authorities that have been used with
respect to hiring. The most cornT:on, and least desirable, is the
approv.Tl authority role. The least used, but the most successful
and desirable, is the nomin-itin^ authority role.
8918
1) Approval Authority
Most Departments and Agencies require the submission of
appointments to excepted positions, all supergrade positions,
and in some instances all GS-13 through GS-15 positions to
the Office of the Secretary (or Assistant Secretary, if the
Political Personnel Office is located there) for approval.
The rationale, of course, is quality control. The Political
Personnel Office upon receiving the submission then usually
makes the appropriate inquiries and/or clearances and then
recommends to the approving authority that he approve or
disapprove the submission. This procedure has caused great
problems. For what you have here is a candidate who has been
interviewed and probably told he lias been selected subject only
to the approval of the "man upstairs" and/or the White House.
If he is disapproved, the "man upstairs" and/or the White
House frequently will be pressured to explain why and must
grope for non-political rationale. Aside from politics, this
has also caused problems in the security area. Where a candi-
date is submitted and his background investigation provides
unfavorable information sufficient that you would not want to
proceed with his appointment, but Insufficient to meet the legal
test the courts have set for denial of a security clearance,
the agency is placed on the horns of a dilemma. Either you
proceed with the appointment against your better Instincts or
according to the law, you must notify the nominee that he is
being denied the position on the basis of a security check. The
nominee can then take you to court challenging the security
8919
determination and if he wins the court will order him to be
placed in that position.
In addition the approval process rubs against the grain of
even our appointees causing friction and dissention within our
own ranks. No office head, or line manager, likes to be placed
in the position of having made a selection and become coiranitted
to the appointment of an individual only to have his judgment
challenged by a disapproval upon the recommendation of "an aide"
to the approving authority. A confidence crisis usually erupts.
Further all of the above has the effect of placing the
burden and the heat generated by a personnel decision on the
shoulders of the Agency HeaJ and/or the V'hite House. Instead
of subordinates taking the heat on behalf of their superiors,
you have tb ■; .'superiors Caking the heat for their subordinates.
2) Noriination Authority
The nomiriation authority grants to the person to whom the
Political Personnel Office reports the authority to nominate a
register of candidates from among whcm the line managers and
the Office Heads can select. In short, it's a political equiv-
alent of the Civil Service Commission certification process.
Under this authority what happens is that all candidate applica-
tions and reco:nmendations on behalf of candidates from both
inside and outside the agency are funnelled to a central office,
that office being the Political Personnel Office. That office
then combines the in-house recommendations, the outside
8920
-15-
applications and recoirmendat ions , and tho results of their
own recruitment efforts into a single group of possible noninees
for a particular position. That office then provides the
following "services" for the eventual benefit of the line
manager or office head.
1. It makes a reference check of previous onployers
to determine the accuracy of tho application and to
get a reading on the person's past pcrfortnance and
abilities.
2. It initiates a security check to determine the
suitability of the various prospective nominees
3. Where applicable a preliminary political check Is
made of the prospective nominee.
Those that have an unfavorable reading as a result of the three
types of Inquiries made are eliminated. And from the rest the
five best qualified are then nominated and submitted to the
Office Head or line manager who Is then free to Interview and
make any selection he wishes. In this way the deck Is essentially
stacked before the cards are dealt and rarely Is a selection
ever disapproved. Kathcr the disappointed candidate is simply
Informed In the affirmative that someone else was simply
selected.
The Office Heads and line managers, especially if your
recruitment operation functions effectively to produce quality
candidates, will prefer this system. Even though the field
from which he may select is imposed, in exchange he is rendered
the services and relieved of the burden of recruiting;, reference
checks, and the uncertainty as to the political and security
considerations that will be a factor later on. He Is emancipa-
ted from the prospect that once he has selected a candidate and
8921
-16-
is contnitted to a person that he will be enbarrasscd In front
of his staff and that person by having his decision overturned.
Rather, he begins to build the reputation for having his decisions
in personnel matters almost always approved. This, of course,
builds his own apparent proximity to the Agency Head or
Secretary which, in turn, gives him more clout. And finally,
it is he who in the end interviews, tests personal chemistry,
and finally selected his own subordinates -- reaffirming faith
in his judgment.
As is apparent, this system reduces to a minimum the
probabilities of the buck being passed up and the Secretary
or Agency Head anJ/or the White House taking the heat for the
personnel decision.
d. OPERATIONS SECTION
The Operations Section is the eye of Che hurricane. It serves both
as the distribution point through which all paperrcork entering and leaving
the Political Personnel Office flows, and servos a necessary recording
and tracking function which v;ill allow the Special Assistant in charge of
the Political Personnel Office to be able to locate and find the status
of any activity in progress.
As mentioned, all paperwork addressed to the Political Personnel
Office, or members of its staff, comes into the Operations Section. This
section then proceeds to do the following:
(d-l) If it is an un<;olicitcd application, rocorr^mendation or
endorsement from a political source, they put routing/evaluation
and correspondence forms on the correspondence and routes it to
the Area Liaison Branch, maintaining a file copy. (See Appendix 1)
8922
-17-
(d-2) If it is an unsolicted application, recommendation or
endorsement from a non-political source, they put a routing/evaluation
and correspondence form on the correspondence and route it to the
Recruiting Branch, maintaining a file copy. (See Appendix 2)
(d-3) If the paperwork is for an approval and/or clearance, the
Operations S-ction attaches the appropriate routing sheet and
forwards it to the Agency Liaison Branch. (See Appendix 3)
(d-4) If the correspondence is an inquiry from a political source
as to the status of a candidate or appointment in process, they
will refer the request to the Area Liaison Branch.
(d-5) If the correspondence is an inquiry from a non-political
source as to the status of a candidate or appointment in process,
they will refer the request to the Recruitment Branch. In both
Instances a suspense file is maintained to insure that a timely
reply is made . '
(d-6) If the request or inquiry is from an agency within the
Department or office within an a!;ency, the Operations Section will
route it to the Agency Liaison Branch. ' ' .
(d-7) The Operations Section maintains a suspense file on all
reports to be submitted by the Political Personnel Office and
insures tho Research and Devclopr-ient Branch issues said reports.
(d-8) The operations Section serv.-ss as the Special Assistant's
coordinating arm to Insure the proper operation of the procedures
and systems of the office.
The Importance of the Operations Section cinr.ot be under estimated.
Because of the volume of correspcndenco , projects, requests for infonra-
tion and reports that deluge a Political Personnel Office in the year
folloving a Presidential election, the greatest pif.nll a Political
Personnel Office can fall into is the inability to quickly, expediently.
8923
-18-
and efficiently route, deal with and reply to the demands placed on It.
The Operations Section replaces the "scrarr.ble-around-thc-of f Ice-and-f ind
out -who-has-what" system that can often take as much time and manpower
as the positive functions of the office. The Operations Section is
like the hub of the wheel, joining all the spokes and insuring that the
wheel turns quickly and smoothly.
e. ARE\ LIAISON BRANCH
Experience has shown that it is best to have a single source contact
for all political officials when dealing with political personnel matters.
Commity of interests suggest that the best approach to liaison with
political officials is by geographical location. Four Area Liaison
Officers are suggested: one for New England and the Middle Atlantic States,
one for the Southern States, one for the Midwestern States and one for the
Western States.
For ajl political officials in that geographical location (Republican
local and state party officials, Kcpublican local and state office holders,
appointed Federal officials from that geographical location, and all
Congressn-icn and Senators from that geographical location - cither
directly or through Congressional Liaison - and candidates whose political
iTp.-^ct comes from that geographical location) , the Area Liaison Officer
is their contact and he has tlie following responsibilities with respect
tc dealing with political personnel matters for his geographical location.
(c-1) Pntronat;e Ho receives the applications of candidates with
political backgrounds and/or recomnenda tions or endorsements from
that geographical location. He then proceeds to make a political
evaluation with respect to the importance of placement of the
individual to the political constituency, and the political benefit
or disadvantage therefore to the Administration and the President.
He does this by making Inquiries and/or simply evaluating the
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 22
8924
-19-
languagc of the correspondence and/or cndorscr.cnC (s) chnc accon:panies
or follows the nppl lea t ion . A suggested rnting system is as follc.^s:
I - Must Placement. The candidate because of his own past
political activities and/or the importance of his placement
to his political sponsor(s) leads the evaluator to believe
that his pl.-CL^nent in a r.o.<;itlon cc-r^n<:ura te with his ability
and backcro'.ind will bring great political credit to the party
and/or the President, while, conversely, failure to place the
individual will cause severe political damage to the party
and/or the President.
II - Priority PlaceT.gnt. The placement of the individual in
a position co--i"'ensur" te "ith hi-> ability and baekgro-,;nd will
bring political benefit to the party and/or the President,
while, conversely, failure to place the candidate will cause
some political adversity to the party and/or the President.
III - Courtesy Referral. The individual is to bo judged on
his own merits but should receive a massaging as a political
courtesy, and if ho is placed sc-rnc small political benefit
to the party and/or the President v;ill be derived, while
failure to place him will cause little or no political
adversity to the party and/or the President.
IV - Politically Undesirable. The placement of the individual'
will create strong political adversity to the party ar.d/or the
President while, conversely, the failure to place tho individual
will be politically beneficial to the party and/or the President.
V - Political Problem. This category is a holding category
under a determination can be made whether or not to place the
individual in one of the above four categories. For example:
8925
-20-
The RepuMican Senator from a state says a candidate is a
must placement and is essential because the candidate's
father is the Senator's largest contributor and finance
chairman and crucial to the Senator's re-election. Meanwhile,
the Republican Governor of that same state and a Republican
Congressman from that same state who sits as a ranking
Republican on your agency's appropriations cormittoe strongly
object to the individual's placement because he has traditionally
and vocally backed their Democratic opponents in past campaigns.
It is evident that some additional political research and
decision making is going to have to take place before you
can make him a Category I or a Category IV.
Having rated the individual, the Area Liaison Officer is then respon-
sible for drafting the response to the candidate and sponsors, and
finalizing such ccrrespcndcr.co for his c-w-n signature, the sigi^ature
of the Special Assistant cr the signature of the Agency Head depend-
ing on the candidate and/or sponsor and to whcm the initial corres-
pondence was addressed. The ALO uill then forward a copy of the
application with the routing/evaluation form to the Agency Liaison
Branch while retaining a copy of the application and the correspondence
for his files where it should be filed by sponsor or sponsors. He
should also maintain a cross-file suspense file to insure his follow
up on the placem.ent of those candidates rated I and II.
(e-2) Recruitment. The Area Liaison Officer is responsible for
making the appropriate political officials within his geographical
location aware of existing vacancies within the Department or Agency
and the substantive qualifications the agency is seeking in a
candidate to fill that position. This provides the political sector
an opportunity to specifically respond with candidates for specific
8926
-21-
positions. VJhechcr or not qualified cnndldates ever emerge from
the politicAl rccruitnont, that step Is a very beneficial one. It
often eliminates delays later on in the clearance procoES that can
be caused by political officials objecting to an appointment on the
basis that they were never given an opportunity to have some of
their candidates considered. It also creates the feeling of involve-
ment which is beneficial to the President. HEW used this concept
extensively, and Clarke Reed, Southern GOP Conference Chairman, was
known to remark tliat though he could rarely find qualified candidates
for the positions he was solicited for, by HEW, it meant a great deal
to him that he was asked and could use that fact to demonstrate the
President's interest in the pirty when he dealt with state and local
party leaders in the South.
(c-3) Clearanca and Pre-chacks. The Area Liaisoa Officer, upon
receiving a request for a pre-chc-ck on a candic'.^te or nominee, is
responsible for contacting the appropriate political officials v;ithLn
Ills area to determine the political registration, loyalties and
activities of the individual. The Area Liaison Officer is also
responsible in the forn-.al clcar.-.ncc procedure for making the necessary
contacts to obtain the approval or objections of those from v^ithin
his geographical location v/ho have a role in tb.c formal clearance
process. (See Appendix 5). Toward that end ho has a dual advocate
role, that of representing the political point of view obtained
from his area to the Department and the White House, and to acliieve
the affirmative political maneuvering necessary to obtain the
clearance of a candidate desired by the I)eparttr,cnt and/or the White
House. In short, he's a wholesaler who must sell and bargain in
both directions.
8927
-22-
Experience has found that a single source contact witli the Area
Liaison Officer being th-2 political face of the Dcpart~or.t, or Aj-.cncy, to
the political sector in a given area is very important. For by handling
all the political aspects of recrni tnent , patronage and clearance with
political officials, the ALO is better equipped than x,?ould be three
separate individuals to beccr.ie firnly grounded in the political problems
and needs of a given political area. He is equipped to trake tradeoffs
to accomplish what mission he has as a priority. And there is a time
saving factor to the office in vicv of the fact that in one telephone
conversation with a political official the Area Liaison Officer can
obtain clearances, answer status requests, recruit for specific positions
and listen to patronage requests. This also slnplifios the line of
cor.n;jnlcation for the political officials and creates a feeling that he
has a "representative" within the Department or Agency.
f. RECRUITIITNT
The Recruiters are the agency's face with the outside world of
business, labor and the corrTuinity aside fror.i the political world. It
is suggested that you have a recruiter covering the busir;05S world and
Ch-3 Cha.-ibcrs of Co-mcrce, a recruiter covering the acadcr.ic world (
(•anivcrslties, colleges, research think-tanks) and foundations, one
covering labor and like organisations, and one recruiter who would
covsr other special interest groups and general recruiting assignments.
Variations on these groupings ^^'ill, of course, occur from department to
department.
The recruiters perform for the non-pel itlcal sector the same
functions the Area Liaison Officers perform for the political sector.
The Recruitront Branch dlfcrs in the clearance process in as much as
their reference checks will be to previous employers and non-political
references of the nominee.
8928
-23-
(f-1) Pntronapo. The Rocriiitnent Branch receives applications of
candidates from that particular area which each recruiter covers.
Having rated the individual, the recruitment officer is then respon-
sible for drafting a response to the candidate and sponsors, and
finalizing such correspondence for his own signature, the signature
of the Special Assistant or the signature of the Agency Head
depending on the candidate ar.d/or sponsors and to vhom the initial
correspondence was addressed. The recruiter will then forward a
copy of the application with the routing/evaluation slip to the
Agency Liaison Branch while retaining a copy of the application and
the correspondence for his files.
(f-2) Rrcrultincnt . The Recruiters are responsible for naking the
appropriate personnel in their jurisdiction aware of existing
vacancies within the Department or Agency and the substantive qual-
ificntiofiS the age-icy is secl-ing in a candidate to fill that position.
This provides the appropriate sources and contacts with an opportunity
to specifically respond with candidates for specific positions.
ff-3) CTcarnnce and Pre-chcrk?. Th2 Recruiters upon receiving
a request for a prc-chcck on a candidate or no-,iineo is responsible
for contacting the appropriate references and past employers.
(Sec Appendix 6) .
ag:::;cy liaiso:; o-ficers
Just as the political ar.d non-political sectors all have a single
source contact, and thus a person with v;ho-i mutual confidence, credibility,
and rapport is established, so Che Agency Liaison Officers boccrio the
single source contact and your salcsv.cn to an area of your department
or agency. Your Agency Liaison Officers should be well credent ial izcd
to, and heco::ie both well versed and well known, within the bureaucracy
of that part of cl-.o department, or aj;ency, for which they have rcsponsiblllt
Thoy will servo as your eyes and ears within the department, yaur sales-
8929
nan for placcn^cnt , the balancing factor representing the substantive
needs of your agency's co"ponont parts, and will serve as the judge to
a great CT^tent of the substantive qualifications in candidates.
(f,-l) Patronage. Upon receiving a copy of an application for
emplosir.ent along with the routing/evaluation sheet from both the
Area Liaison Branch and the Recruitment Branch, the Agency Liaison
Branch then docs three things:
a) They make a substantive evaluation of the candidate's
background and experience and give him a quality rating,
and
b) they then determine the level and appropriate placc(s) in
which the candidate might be considered for a position, and
c) they channel to the appropriate location the applications
of fne candidates to \^e considered as part of a general
referral, and monitor the placement activities, (See
Appendix 7) .
(i;-2) Kecruitment. The Agency Liaison Officers are responsible for
being thoroughly f.i>T-.iliar with the organisations for which they have
jurisdiction and for forecasting ia advance vacancies. It is then
their responsibility to draw up a "request for recruitment" (see
Appendix 8) stating the grade and salary range for the position, its
title and organizational location and the substantive qualifications
sought in a candidate for that position. The Agency Liaison Branch
then sends the request to the Research and Development Branch which
then searches the Talent Bank and sends back the candidates that
fulfill the qualif icatl.-ns by screening all existing candidates on
file as a result of unsolicited applications (patronage), previous
recruitment, and names suggested from within the agency itself.
8930
If there are not sufficient numbers of candidates in the files that
reet the necessary qualifications for the position, the Agency Liaiso
Branch then sends the "Rccucst for Kcci-ui tr.icnt" to the Kccruitnent
Branch. In all cases , they send the "Request for Recruitment" to
the Research and Developn'.ent and Area Liaison Branches.
On a set closing date, the Agency Liaison Branch looks at the
accumulated files of in-house candidates, candidates on file as a
result of unsolicited applications (patronage) and the applications
received as a result of the recruitt^ent efforts of both the Recruit-
r?.ent Branch and the Area Liaison Branch. It will then narrow the
field down on the basis of substantive qualifications to a groi:p of
"semi-finalists."
(<^-3) Clcararce. The nax.es of the scr.-.i-fainalists are submitted
ti-.en to the Op.-r.it ions Section .'hich vill then trigger the Area
Liaison Branch to n'.ako its inquiries, the Rccrul tir^ent Branch to
make its reference checks aiiJ the De.-inr tr.ental Security Office to
reake its inquiries.
A Cciraiittce consisting of a men-.bcr of the Agency Linison Erar.ch,
th2 Area Liaison Branch, and the Recruitment Branch will, upon
receipt of the results of the appropriate inquiries, nnrrov the
field dov;n to the "finalists" who will then be- nominated for the
vacant position by the Agency Liaison Officer to the appropriate
area of v;hich he has jur iid ic tion.
KKSCATICH AND DKVEI.OFIvl'ii B:U>;CH
The Research and Development Branch serves as the in-house manage-
ment consultants, operates, updates and programs the t.-ilcnt bank, operates
and programs the "personnel cvaluaLlon" activities, and through tliese
8931
■26-
dvvices nonitors the progress tn.ide tov.irc! the goal of political control
over the Dep.irtri'nC or Agency. As th.c rcypo^lsitory for all critical
data, the Research and Development Branch also is responsible for issuing
the appropriite rcnorCs required by tlie V.'hite House and rther govcrnTnental
officials.
Ch-1) Mamr-.crr.ant Consulting Role. One of the first tasks to be
performed by the Research and Devolopmont Erar.ch., with the coopera-
tion of the Agen.:y Liaison Hranch, is to conduct an overall personnel
nanagemant study of tha Department, or agency, to determine those
positions in v;hich a "loyal" competent incuTibent is nnccssnry to
effect control. Those areas (the pressure points) include the
following:
a) Those positions which necessitate and give easy, frequent
access to the rr.edia, t.'uch as the Public Information Office
-- ccntrelli'.-,': your i-ago to the public.
b) Those positions ■■.'hich necessitate frequent contact with
the Legislative Branch, such as Ccngressicnal L-^aison
-- thus controlling yi-'ur relations with tl^e Congress.
c) Those positions which, control g&vcrnr'ental resources (or
at the very least must process the disbu;.-semf' nt of
govern:nontal resource:;) si.;ch ns the personnel director,
budget director, director of general services (whose
responsibilities include the letting of contracts) and
legal personnel (which pass on the legality of almost
everything) .
d) Those in sensitive pol icy-ir.aking roles.
e) Those whose approval, or disapproval, in fact effectuates
the disbursement of discretionary grants and loans or
lean guarantees.
8933
-28-
thc required qiinli f ic.Ttions foi" tliaC po;;t;. A recommended evaluation
systen 'night be:
K = Keep A substantively qualified, dependable n';;T,ber of
the team.
0 = Out Either unqualified or lacking in dependability as a
merrber of the team, or both.
L = Let's Watcli This Follov. A person vho';e qualifications and/
or dependability have raised questions but there is
not sufficient data to make a decision.
N = Neuter A qualified individual vho can ordinarily bo
depended en to folio;; instruction" but cannot bo
ref;3rded as personally, on his own volition, a
nember of tlic team.
(It -3) Or^.-in t-.j.T t ion,' 1 PI Tnninp, . The Research and Development Branch,
v;ith the cooperntio;-. of the perL-onnal office, the b.^iget office and
the Department's mariascment planning office, if any, will tlicn
design any organi'/'.atlonal or recrganizational plans necessary in
aid of perscnnel objectives. This group vould also be consulted by
other part-; cf the Oepa rtn-.c-nt vhcn planning org.uil-ationa , or
rcorganizational, plans fcr management reasons to assure that
"pc^rsonnel objectives" are also considered.
(h-4) Talent Bank The Research and Development Branch will be the
rcnponsitory for the Talent U.;r.k which will inclv.do all candidates
collected as a matter of patronage (unsolicited applications and
rocomm.onda t ions once processed), rccruitmient and, very importantly,
personnel already appointed within the D^partnent with an eye to
upward m.obillty.
(h-Sl Data Bank The Research and Development Branch will keep
a special roster, with appropriate data, concerning those about
8934
-29-
wliom periodic reports aro required by tlie White House antl other
Federal officials. In addition th.? Research aad Development Branch
is responGlblc for the collection, through the Agency Liaison Eranch
and the Personnel Office, to naintain personnel statistics often
called for by the ^'hitc House, Civil Service Cctrraission, and other
Federal officials.
(h-6) Tcciinical irainini; and Advico The Research and Development
Branch will also ryiintain an active file of the current rules and
regulations i)roT.ul gated by the White House, the Civil Service Cora-nis-
sion, and tho Office of Minaganent and Budj^c-t concerning personnel'
ir.attcrs and \iill be responsible for insuring the orientation, training
and currency of the personnel in the Political Personnel Office with
regard to the same,
(h-7) I'cvarci Mobility Rc3t^-!r And last, but certainly not least,
the Rasfj.-a-ch and J)av2 lopr.-,it branch vl tii tha cocper-it ion of the
Agency Liaison Branch will mintain a special roster of Adr.inistratlcn
appointees v.-ith a view toward upward mobility and crc;;s-trainln3 . To
this end the Research and Dcvelopr.ent Office should preplan trans-
fers and upward nobility ladders for Administration appointees.
I ■ )'/:)?. \hE
Of all the functions of a Political Personnel Office, perhaps the
arcTi that has been given the Ica-iC attention ha.; beon th.-st of ;\-.aintalning
and enhancing the n-.orale of our A Jr.in is tra tion appointe-^s . It is true that
they receive a salary for their u-crk and the por.sibil i ty of pror^otion
always is present. We also must assume that the morale '.;ill generally be
affirmative because of the outst. lading leadershiji in tb.is Acminis trat Icn.
However, good personnel management experience has sho-..-n the advantages of
8935
-30-
a systcTi of awards and incentives and morale building activities in both
corpcrnte life- nnd amen,'; rovcrn.Tient employees. Ojr .'.(Irnlni.str.- 1 ion
a^-pointrjes deserve no less.
Most Departments And Agencies have a pretty fine system of awards
and incentives. For seme reason ths general myth that secris to be naintair
by cur loyal bureaucracy is that there are only available for career
employees. This is not true. !-'ost regulations and programs contain the
language "any employee of the Department", or to appear inore restrictive
thi language nay contain tlie worlds "permanent er.ployee." As sl:3ll be
discussed later, the vorld pernanent specifics a type of appcintircnt which
is not to be equated with a career appointment. And a person appointed
to an c:-;ccpteo appointment of any nature, other than th.at 5[ioc t f ically
entitled temporary appolntnient , is a porrranent employee though ho lacks
any tenure. Thus, our excep-ccd appointees are as eligible for most of
the system of av;u-d3 and : ncL-ntivc J ncv provided by Ocpr.rtmcnti: and
Agencies as career employocs. i'urcher, they arc just as often deserving.
Tliere is also a tende-.'.cy for the high ranking officials of the Depart-
nav.c or Agency to take Ad,.i.iui3 trat ion appointees for granted while pander-
ing to the career service for purpos.js of loyalty, credibility, and m.cralc,
Ap.d yet, most Adr.ni-.is trat ion appointees corne ir.to office witli the
cx-ectation that tliey will have a special place along side the high
ra-.king officials of the Department or Agency. Because of this "gap"
between high expectations ar.d low fulfillment, low m.oralc among the
Administration's appointees can set in very fast. Too often it is lioard
tliat Scliedule C appointees 'Jithin a Department, or agency, have never
even had the opportunity to moot the agency head. Well spacod and tim.ed
social functions, with appropriate photo taking, can serve as an important
8936
(i-2) Tvre of Po r s on^ej.
The Spec i.-il Ass is rant in charRo of the Political Personnel Office
ought to be well-groiiridcd , if possible, in organization, personnel,
politic^;, and have some nanngcnent capability for running a very
hectic office alv;ays cvorburdcnc.-i and understaffed. The prcmiinum
qi'.nlity, hox.'cver, oiight to be his ability to inter-relatc with high
officials of the Departn'.ont , or Agency, and with high ranking meoibers
of the political and private sectors. Unless he is able Co represent
naturity, competence and kncwlodge, he and his office will never
establish the credibility necessary to unburden the Agency Head and
the line rranagors of the p-jlicioal personnel re.'iponc i bility . If he
is sh..-illo'.r in hir. technical k-io .-ledge , ho oi:g'nt to be able to rely
on the advice of his subordir..! ccs , althoug.h a rrilniniuTi amount of
technical knowledEC is cortain'y rc'iuircd so i-:G at least knows what
questions to ask. It is equally essential that he have an unwavering
loyalty to the President and a dc^ggod dctermir.atioa thst the Nixon
Adr.'.inistration will "rule " ratl;er than sirr.ply "roiga."
Th-' Jopijty Special Ass is t.-!ril: . He u-.v.zt havi- many of the sanr.e
qualifications a.3 the Special Assistant, though his outstanding
quality ought to be that he i:: a stickler for detail and is capable,
and ontliused, abojt dealing \.'ith the nitty-gr il:ty day-to-day operations
and details of the office. Insuring that all the -'ystcn-.s work smoothly
and efficiently. His prime i-ission iu to in>:ure the orderly, secure,
and snooth operation of thic office so that the Special Assistant's
tine is free enough to attend the necessary meetings, conduct Che
8937
neconj.irv courtesy cnlls, r.nd perform the ll;.!son missions thaC
he will be called upon to perforn if he and his office are Co
ur.burcL->n the hi[;h-lovcl agenc)' officials of post of the political
personnel burden.
Staff Assistant to the Special Assistant. This rr.id-lcvel
cm.iloyce ought to have previous experience in a political personnel
office and acts as the tean leader on special projects involving
Che coordination of two or rr.ore of the Political Pei'sonncl Office's
branches. His forte should be personnel and politics.
Are.- Liaison Officers. The Area Liaison Officers need have
little c>:nerien-e in personnel , rccvuitr^ient cr govornrnont (they can
bo trah-ed). Their strong suit should be unwavering loyalty tu the
Republican Party, actual politl.cnl experience in politics -- hopefully
in car.-.paigns -- in that area over w-hich they v.'ili have juried ic Cicn.
They must also have the apparent r.^jturity to co,-;-.and th.c respect of,
and rr.aintain credibility with, those political officials with whc;n
they n-usc deal .
Recruiters. Ivecri.'Lters co the non-political sector, a;iain, need
have little knowledge of personnel or j'.ovcrni-neat in general, but
.should have a thorough knowledge of the agei:cy and the sales techni-
ques involved in executive rocrnitncnt . The best place to find these
people is in co.-m.erlcal executive search and placon^ent firrr.s.
A;^.:::i-:v Liaison Offic;irs. Maturity and credibility, and the
ability to quickly learn tl-o prrgrans of tl-.osc offices over which
t;ey have jur Isd :<; t ion , are priv.e qu;\I i L icat ions . Moreover, they
ought to have th.c acade.-.ic and occupational credibility that would
n-ako the" prlne candidates, the:rselvo3, for the office ov.:r which
8938
they b;)ve jurisdiction. There is n firmly cntrei'ich.cd bias ^;ithin
the bureaucracy tht-.t they, the bureaucrats, arc all highly trained
specialists with a n.onopoly on the knowledge of the personnel needs
of their office. Thus, the Office of Education would have a natural
rosontnent built in against a gcneralist, with only political
credentials, trying to nominate candidates for their vacari; positions.
Th^-> assumption autonatically is is that the candidate proferrcd, no
matter hcv well qualified, is sinply a political patronaf^c placencnt
and will sc-.rve as a burden on that office. However, if the Agency
Linison Officer fcr the Office of Education is an Ed.D, v.'lth
experience as an adninlstrator or professor in a school system or
university, the bins is turn-:-d aromd. He ccr.m~.nds the respect and
enjoys credibility with the Office of education. They tcr.d to view
!iiin as one of their ccn-unity providing th':;r:i with a needed service.
Rn:;e-.r-h and Dc velopiT-;nt lirapch ■_ In nddittcn tc the tcchnial
qualifications th.at arc apparent frori the listing cited .-bcvo under
i'hnuc;;cr Staffing, those in the Research aad Dovelopir.cnt 'Sror.ch
should also bear the personality ch.ar.'c tcr f stic of shrouding th.oir
m:) rk in secrecy. The Research and Dcvelojir.cnt Brar.ch is the one
place \-;hcre all the pieces of the political pu/;-.lc arc put tcgcth.er
and form a picture.
Operations Section. Like those in th-_^ Kesoarch and nevelopn-.ent
Br.inch, the Operations porsciinel should have a fetish for secrecy,
tliey sliould also possess a love for detail, and be able- to -.vithstand
the sheer routine drudgery o\ the constant influx and oiitflo-.; of
paperwork. They should also have sc:;-.e experience in partisan
VoUtics in order to be sensitive to tlicir task of separating
8939
-35-
political fron tlio ncn-pol it leal pap^rwcrk tn.it cott.cs throMgh.
VRQC'TAJPXS
n. PA7RG:?ACE - (See Appendix ^. -- Chnrts)
. As nentionod on page 15, the f^pcrations Sectioi; serves as the
distribi!ticn point through vhich all paperwork entering ar.d leaving the
P?0 flows. Thus, Che Opcri-.tions Section is the first stop for all
co-.T.unicatirns to the Political Personnel Office. Wli.^n a. patronage ccnnun-
ication (unsolicited) arrives in the Operations Section, a chock is trade
of their natne files to deternlne whether or not this is the first
corr-Tnunication in reference to a specific c-.ndidatc. If so, the Operations
Section attaches to the corr.-.unicaticn a rtoiiting/Iivaluation fonn (See
Ap;icr.Jix 1) and a Correspor.Jcr.co Tovni (See Appc;:dlx 1). The Operations
Section cor.ples th.e top porticn of the Ev.Tl;i.ii:ien/5o:;iir!g Sheet, in
c".ch ens-;, as well as the- top porticn of ti:f: Corrcspor.dcnce Form.
If th'? coinrHLinication received refers to a oai-.did? ':o already in the PPO
system, the Operations will attach only the Correspcnder.ee Form to it
'.:r.le.';s. in their judgment , the ccrr.T.ti.-iicatioa indicates to them that a
cr.-.;r3C in the impact rating of the indi vid;.'al nay hr- necessary. If this
i-; the case, then they will also attach the Evaluar:in>i/Roijting Sheet to
tr ; coT.x'jnlcation, The Operaticns Section retains a copy of both th.c
F.v-'i;aticn/i^outit>.g Form and the Conrcspcndcnce Fonn which they file by
C'-.-didate nar.ie, thus providing the PFO with a mc;;ns of dotorminlng what
has been received and where it has been routed.
The Operations Section next separates con-jn-inicnti ons into political
ar.d non-political batches and roi!tes the:.; ns follow;;, A ccr.-r.anlcation from
a polltic.-il source is routed first to the Area Liaison Branch, to the
Area Liaison Officer foi the appropriate gcogrnphlcal are.i, which gives
32-818 O- 74 -pt. 19 -23
8940
a political ir-pncC r.:)tinr; Co tlie c;ir.didacc usinj tl;c I throuf,h V rating
systec! outlined on Pr.eos 19 and 20. lie liGts bcloj this ratins, which
is noted on the- Routing/Evaluation Form, tb.e political sources, or
references, which contribute to the rating, llavinjj doncs this, the
Area Liaison Officer then responds to the correspondence by either v;riting
a special letter, or by chcckin:; the appropriate boxes on the Correspondence
Forn v;hich initiate one of the PPO's form letters. (See Appendix 9).
The ALO retains a copy of ths ccnrr.unication received, the Routing/
Evaluation Form, and a copy of the correspondence sent. This is filed
in his office by sponsor. He also keeps an additional copy of the above
in a special CicVlcr file if the individivtl has boon rated a I or II.
The ALO then sends the coTr-.-jnicition (application) with the Routing/
Evali;aticn sheet and Corresp.ondonco Torn attached, to the Agency Liaison
Brar.ch. Here it is ijivcn a cj'jality rating by the apprcpriatc Agency
Liai'jon Officer using the I thro-jgh V rating system outlined earlier on
pjr.es 19 find 20. The Agency Liaison Officer will also Hot any sources
or references on the Routins/Evalvation form which liavc assisted lilm in
detr->rmS,ninj{ tha quality racing given to tho candidate , and will then
douernino whether tlie individual should bo generally referred to tnan.igers
in his agency, or, if, based on his qualifications he should be turned off.
I: the Agency Liaison Officer detevir.ines that the individual, based on
his qjjlif ications, should be turned off, he will so indicate on the
Rout vng/EvaluAt ion forr.i and return the file to wluchever branch it
orlcinatcd from.
If the c-inJidacc's f;u.il i f icatinns are such that the Agency Liaison
Officer feels he shculd receive further exposure to nvinagers vichin his
agency, he will designate specific job areas on.,thc Rout ing/iivaluat Ion
8941
foni and will then follow one of the two follc-Jing course: of action.
If the candidate is qii.-.lif i-:d for positions at the GS-1? Irvol and below,
t'nc communication will be forwarded to the Personnel Office for appro-
priate action unless there is strong political interest (I or II rating)
in the candidate. If the candidate is qualified for positions at the
CS-13 level or above, the Agency Liaison Officer will coir.plcte tha
General Referral Form (Sec Appendix &) as appropriate ar.d forward to the
appropriate nanagcrs in his r.gcncy. The Agency Liaison Officer will keep
a copy of the coniniunication, the Routing/Evaluation form and the
Correspcndencc Form for his flics.
The Agency Liaison Officer will then send a copy of the resu.-e or
ccnnunication v;ich the K(jiit-;;i;-/'-A'.-luation sheet to the Re:;aavch and
Davclopwent Branch. The Rcsor.rch and DcvclopmcnC Branch will then code
the cor.munication and feed tiio .-yri^rcpriato informacion into their
(hcp-3 fully) automated Talent iVv.ik. The Talcnc Bank should be so progrnirnied
t'l.-t applications can ha retrieved by 1) r.anc of candidate 2) narr.o of
sponsor or sponsors 3) selection criteria such as area of spcciallKation,
c;I',:cation, otc. and h) by job nrca di<.'ji>::iatcd on the Routing/Evaluation
fern by th.o Aj:or.cy Liaison Officer.
If the patron.uge rcquasc received by the Operations Sr-ctlon is
c:cr:iincd to be non-p --lit ical , it will be first routed to the Rccruitn^ent
3v£-.ch (Sc^ Appendix. :<) . Tl'.e Recruitment Branch gives the cotmitnication
an "impact rating" ba^cd on various factors using thn I through V rating
systOTi. The recruiter will also li't bclov; this ratin;; on the Routing,/
Kvnlvi.ition foin the S'Vjrce, or rcforenct-s , contribiiting to the impact
rating. I!.T.'ing done this, he will thoa prepare the np;>ro,)r iate corres-
pondence either by writing a special letter or by checking the appropriate
boxca on the Correspondence for-n which will trigger one of the PI'D's
8942
foriT, letters. (See Appendix ^') , The Recruitment Branch retains n copy
of the coirjT.unication received, the F-outins/Evaluatlon form, and a copy
o£ the correspondence sent, and tlicn forwards the coTTnunication together
v;ith the Rout ins/Evaluation form and a copy or the correspondence to the
Agency Liaison Branch. Here the Aj^cncy Liaison Officer will give the
application a quality rating using the I through V systcn. He will also
list en the Routing/Evaluation sheet any sources, or references, which have
assisted in determining the q-.iallty rating given to the candidate. The
Agency Liaison Officer will also deteraine whether the individual should
b'j generally referred to managers in his agency or if, based on his
qualifications, he should be turned off. If the Agency Liaison Officer
dctor-.nincs th.it the individual is to be turned off, he v.-ill so indicate
on the Routing/Evaluation form and return the file to the Recrult.T.ent
Branch.
If the cnndldate's qualifications are such that the Agency Liaison
Officer feels he should receive exposure to managers ;. ithin his agency,
he vill designate specific job aroas on the Roiiting/cvaliiation form and vill
then follow one of tha follc'.;ipg coarsci of actirn. If the candidate is
qualified for positions at the GS-i2 and belcv; levels, the Agency
Liaison Officer v;ill forvard the c<.'rTumicatiun to the I'ersonnel Office
fzr appropriate action. If the candidate Is qualified for positions at the
Ci-l'i and above levels, the Agency Liaison Officer will request a px-e-
check fro:rt the Area Liaison Branch. If the prc-check is reported as
positive, then the Agency Liaison Officer will cc-,plctc Che Ceneval
Referral Korm (See Appendix 7) and forward the r.vsmr.e to the appropriate
managers in his agency. Finally, the Agency Liaiscn Officer will forward
the file to tiie Research and Dov>^lon.iicnt Branch wl-.erc they will follow the
procc-durcj outlined previou3ly.
8943
b. Rl.CRUITMr.NT - (See Appendix h -- Charts)
When the Agency I-iniscn Officer learns of a projected vacancy within
his agency, he completes a request for Recruitment (see Appendix 8) form
which is then sent to tlic Ker.earch and Dcvc lon;;icnt Branch. The Research
and Development Bmnch makes a chock of the Talent Bank to dctoiTnine if
there are qualified candidates in the Talent Sank for the position and
determines at this tin^e the need for any addltionEl rccruitnent .
They then send a copy of the Request for Recruitment to the Area
Liaison Branch as vjell as a listing of candidates from political sources
now in the Talent Bank who are being considered for the position. This
allcvs the Area Liaison Officer to r.^ke tlia appropriate political officials
'..•ithin his goo^^rapluc al location r.'.K\vs of the vacancy, as well as enabling
I'.im to notify thos^3 who have recorir,ended candidates nov,; under consideration
for a specific vacancy.
If the Research and Daveicp-oni; oran.ch has detcrr.-.incd that additional
r.oa-political rccrui tr.iant is nccoss-iry to Iccatc qualified candidates
frir the vacancy, they -.'ill forward a copy of the Request for Recruitment
t f ',;he Rccruitir.jnt Branch. The Ki-crui tmcnt Branch, in turn, will contact
their scurcos to ganernte candidates for the position.
The results of the political recruitment and the non-political rccruit-
r.cri (vhcn applicable) vnll be funnelled back to the Agency Liaison Branch
where the Agency Liaison Officer having jurisdiction ovei" the agency in
which the vacancy is located will ;:'.'ike the first cut of the candidates,
resulting in the "scni- final iscs . " Having identified thc"scniiTf in.il ists V
the Agency Liaison Officer v;ill ask the Operations Section to initiate the
apprr'priate prc-checks.
8944
-40-
Thc Operations Section requests the appropriate pre-chock from the
Area Liaison Officer responsible, the appropriate reference pre-checV. irom
the Rccriiitr.cnt Hranch (see Appendix 6), and the security check trot?, the
Departmental or Agency Security Office. These pre-checks arc funnelled
by the Operations Section back to the Agency Liaison Officer responsible
for the position and those semi-finalists still in the running and then
invited in for interviews.
The initial interview process includes only personnel within the
Political Personnel Office. Candidates fron political sources are inter-
viewed first by the appropriate Area Liaison Officer, and then by the
Recruitment Branch and the appropriate Agency Liaison Officer. Candidates
recruited frora non-political sources are interviewed first by the
Kecruitncnt Branch , and then by the Area Liaison Branch and the appropri-
ate Agency Liaison Officer. Following the interviews, the Political
For^jcnncl Office Co.-nittoe will ncot to doCernlne the finalists. For
a high level post, the Comnlttee would consist of the Special Assistant
(and perhaps his Dc'juty) , and v/ell as a member c£ the Area Liaison Branch,
the Recruitment Branch, and the Agency Liaison Branch. For a lower level,
less sensitive po-jition, the Ccr.nittee night consist of only one nc.T.bcr
from each of the three branches: Area Liaison, Recruit-ent, and Agency
Liaison.
After the finalists (usually five) have been Icentlfied, the Agency
Liaison Officer responsible will have nomination papers prepared for each
finalist and will arrange the appropriate interviews for the finalist-
candidates t;ith the line panigers in his agency. They in turn make a
selection from the finalists.
Although the above Is a rather complicated process, it does reasonably
guarantee the appointment to positions of candidates who arc "cle.-.n" with
8945
-41-
respcct to previous politicnl activity, nncional security n.-itters,
etc. It eliminates the embarrassnent of having to x,rithdr.iw a candidate
who hns been proffered to line tranngers for political or other rc.isons.
c . CLEARANCE - (Sec Appendix i* -- Charts)
Once the line manager has made a selection from among the candidates
nominated for a vacancy, the Operations Section is notified by the Agency
Liaison Branch to start the clearance process. Operations dotcrnines at
this point depending on the tyjie and level of the position in question
exactly what clearances must be obtained. They initiate the Clearance
Request Foriri (See Appandix 3) as follovs.
If thi: position is one t.hich require.'; White House clearance, the
Operations Section will request this from the Area Liaison Branch. Such
a clearance '■■lill be dona in accordance with current V.'hlce licuse procedures.
A copy of the White HouTe clearance form which is sent to tlie Whitf House
(Sec Appcndlv 5) is retained by tl.o Area Liaison Branch in its files and
a copy is also fon^'ardcd to ti.e Opjjvatiors Section. This notifies the
Operations Section that the clcai-ancc has proceeded to the V.'hitc House
for ths final portion of tlic clcnrance. At this tine, the nt'ccssary
pap-jn/ork is fon^ardcd by the Operations Section to the Departrricnt t'ccurity
Office to initiate the security clearance, and Oporatlcns also requests
fron the Recrult'nent Brar.cli any further reference cliecks that r.ay need to
b; done. Tho results of those clearances arc funnelled back to the
Operations Section and final ap'.iroval for the appointnont in not given
until completion of the clearances. Any problems arising during the
final clearance process are referred by the Operations Section to the
Special Assistant.
In cases v/horc the PPO does not have the ncninatlon authority, the
proi:odure is son-.ewhat different and perhaps more critical. In this
8946
-42-
!5 ituacion , tho Agency Liaison Branch v.o-jld notify Cho Operations Section
that the appronriacc rranncer has selocced a candidate for the pi>sition.
TVio Operations Section would then ipm>:c!iately notify the Area Liaison
Brnnch to i-iitiate tlic necessary chocks and the i'hite House clearance,
if applicable. Simultaneously, the Operations Section would request the
appropriate cniployccnt and reference checks from the Rccruittnent ilranch,
as well as the initiation of the appropriate security checks r.v.d clearance
from the Dcpartnant or Agency Security Office. As noted above, all results
of these clearances would funncll into the Operations Section and approval
of the pondini; appointment would not be given prior to their ccr\plcticn.
Any problems arising during the clcni-ancc procedure would be referred to
the Special Assistant.
d^ A;s::o!.'^.cKr:"yT Ara) NOTiricAXiON
Aftcv all clearances have bof.n ccmplctcd, tlie Political Porscnnel
Office (Operations Sccticn) will s iculCr.ncot-.s ly notify the A^c.-xy Liaison
Branch and tlie Personnel Office of this fact. The Agency Liaison Branch
thon nr-tific;; the appropriate r.-.in-!i;er3 that the clearances arc now
cc.-.olete. The Personnel Office ccatactf; the appropriate n^aneger, ostablishi:
a convenient EOD date, and contacts the candidate for the offiical
notification.
Once this h.'r; been co-nplcted, if the candidate v.'as rcccrrr-.cnded or
CTi-'rrsed by political sources, the Operations Section will notify the Area
Liaison Branch. The approj-.r late Area Liaison Officer will then ir.akc tlic
appropriate notification calls to the c.-.ndidatc 's sponsors. In the case
of a car.dicritc v.'ith non-political sponsors, or in th.; case of a candidate
with both, the Operations Section vlU also s ir.ultaneous ly notify the
Kccruitment Branch, The a;-propi iate Recruiter will then tr.ake the
necessary notification calls to non-political sponsors.
8947
After allowing such sponsors tv.-onty-four hours lead time, the
Operations Section will then notify the Department or Agency's Public
Infortnation Office of the. appointment , forwarding the necessary biograph-
ical inforvnation to be used for a press release.
It is r.ost important that extremely good coordinating procedures be
worked out bcti.'ecn the Political Personnel Office and the Public Informa-
tion Office in order that premature and Illegal announcements of pending
appointments arc net trade and so that the Department or Agency-can present
a single face to the media-in tho personnel area.
8948
SrCTION' II BRIKFING ROOK QM RLT.ES Ai.-p RF.GUTJ^TIONS
1. PAY I.CTF.LS
In the Federnl Government all positions are given a specific pay level
(gracie) . Within each pay level, there are up to 10 steps allowing a salary
differentiation xvithin each grade. It is the steps that co-pensatc for factors
of seniority, meritorous performance, etc. However, the pay level is tied to
t'ne position itself. In short, the pay level is the price tag placc<' on the
value oi any given position -- not person. Caution: the authority to fill a
position at a specific pay level is just that, and no more. It is not an
appropriation providing the actual dollars with which to pay someone,
Pay levels are independent frcra the type of appointment authority and r
rules ijoverning the tenure and rij-htj associated v;ith the status of a position,
i.e., career or non-career. Cccaunc r.any of the higher salaries positions
.-re ncn-career, and most of the lov.^r salaries positions are career, pjuscr..-:
unfR.iiliar with the govcrnraont personnel systcn tend to equate the tvjo. This
is .-■. i'.;-!rl.iin-M-ital n<i;itakc. There are positions as high as Executive Level IV
(?38,OC0 per year) that are career, while there is a position in the General
Schedi:le as lev as GS-ll ($13,309 per year) that is a Presidential Appointment
requiring Senate confirmation.
a. EXCCmVE LEVELS
A position can only be placed in the Executive Level Salary Schedule
($33,000 per year to $60,000 per year) by Act of Congress. Congress has
consolidated Its mechanlsn for doing such by the enactment of the
Executive Level Act. In the Executive Level Act, they provide for five
grades at the Executive Levels Executive Level I ($60,000 per year).
Executive Level II ($A2,500 per year). Executive Level III (§<»0,000 per
year), i:xccutivc Level IV ($33,000 per year) and Executive Level V
8949
($36,000 per year). There arc no In-graJe steps provided for Executive
Level positions.
In the Executive Level Act, with t^^o exceptions, they actually list
the specific positions at each Executive Level salary. When adding
positions to the Executive Level Schedule, or changing a position upward
or downvard in the Executive Level Schedule, Congress sitnply does it
by amending the Act. They simply place the positions under the listing
for the Executive Level they intend to assign to it. (See Appendix 10).
One exception to the listing of specific positions is in the case
of the V.'hite House staff v/herc Congress has provided for l/* positions
to be placed in the Executive Level salary range not to exceed Executive
Level II ($42,500 pnr yoir) . That includes 8 "assistants and secretaries
to the President", and 6 "administrative assistants to the President."
The other exct-j'tion is the "President's pool." Tl-,at pool consists
of 34 Executive Level IVs and Vs which can be assigned to positions in
tho Executive Branch by the Prcsider.t at his discretion. The Office of
ivanagcnient and Budget is the repository for th.G "President's pool" and
they, upon application for such ass igr.rr.cnts , rcccn'rr.end approval or
dis-ipproval.
Executive Level Is are designated specifically for Cabinet Officers.
Executive Level lis are generally Deputy Cabinet Secretaries and some
iriflspcndent agency heads. Executive Level Ills are most cosrjr.only Under
Secretaries of Cabinet Departments and independent agency heads. Executive
Levol IV positions are post coxtronly Assistant Scci-ctarics of Departments,
Deputy Directors of independent agencies, and Administrators and/or
Ccniaissioncrs of large ofticcs or bvireai;- within a Ca'oint-t Dcpartrr.ont .
Executive Level V positions arc most ccmnonly used for Deputy Administrators
8950
-/,6-
or Con.nlssicners of l.irje offices or bure.iiis within a CnblncC Doprrtr.cnt ,
and for trcxbors of rofulatory cormiss ions and hoards,
h. SfPERCPgDES
"iiuporgrndos" the cormon tcnn used for positions in the General
Schedule placed at GS-16 ($29,678 per year), GS-17 ($34,335 per year),
and G5-13 ($36,000 per year).
The a-jthority to classify a position at tha supergrade level rests
with thi Civil Service Cor;i.Tiission exclusively. The Department or Agency
rr.ust send forward to the Civil Service Co,-niisslon a position description
and a request that tha position be classified at the arpropri.Tte super-
grade Invel.
Kovevcr, supcrgradcs are nostly restricted in nur.;bcr, subject to a
quota system. Cor.gress dctcrriiiiios the numbGr of total pcsitlcr.a that can
be filled at the supergr.idc lovril throughout the Executive Draach. They
do this by two dcvlcas. Gcnt-rnli y , Ccn,^roS;> has simply legislated that
there shall be no niorc than a set number cf supergrade positions in the
Executive Branch, allocated by the Civil Service Coniriiission to the various
Djpartirents and agencies. The: Civil Service Cc^mlssion must ration the
supKrgrade authorities out anong the Departments and Agencies of the
Executive Branch, upon application, based on Its judgment of competing
ncsds. So even if the Co(r-.:>ission, on the basis of merit, might want to
classify a position in a given Departn:cnt, or Agency, at the sui^crgrade
level, it is constrained from doing so unless it can assign a supergrade
to that position vithin the existing quota.
Con:'ross has also, in tuany inr, t.iiicos , dinctly apprcpriattid to
specific bureaus and offices vithin Departments, and Agencies, a number
of supergrade quotas that can bo utilized within that bureau, or office,
in addition to whatftvcr they ray obtain fron the Civil Service Ccrjnlssion.
8951
-47-
Ti-.at department or agency, hcrvever, must still apply to the Civil Service
Corr.rr.ission to classify the appropriate position at the supcrgrado level
before utilizing those "specially allocated" supcrgraJc authorities.
Thus, if Congress, upon authorizing the creation of a new bureau within
a Departrpent, provides an allocation of f^ur GS-16s, two GS-17s, and one
CS-18, that Doparti'ient , or agency, still Must have the Cominission classify
those same numbers of positions at tliose grade levels before they can be
filled at those supergrade levels.
In both the instance of special allocations, and the general alloca-
tion to the Executive Branch through the Civil Service Corrmission,
Congress breaks dovjn the <;uotas as between the three different grades.
For certain positions of a scientific, technical, or r.cdical nature
v;ithin certain DepartTronts or ago-icies. Congress' has alijo provided for
"non-quota" supcrgrades. What this r-,eans is that Congress has given the
authority to the Co-mission, and that Dopartmont, to fill Chose particular
positions at the supergrado level, providing that the Civil Service
Cc:!.-.isslon has classified therr, at the supergrado level, without regard
to the quota imposed on the E;:ecutive Branch. An example of this is
c o-tainod in the Public Hcaltli Service Act. It allows the Departtrcnt of
lier.lth, Education, and Welfare to fill nodical positions within its health
agincies, where the incumbent v;ill he an M.D. or PhD in health services,
a; :he supergrade level, providing the position is classified at the
supergrade level by the Civil Service Conmission, vitliout regard to the
supergrade quotas Iir.poscd on the Executive Branch of Governn^cnt.
Supergrades derived frooj the "pool" of the Civil Service Con-^iission
are freely transferable, subject to classification of the position, between
dcpar tK-ents and agencies, and between their cor^ponent parts. Supergrades
specifically allocated by Congress arc only transferable within the unit
to which Congress has allocated those supcrgrades.
8952
-48-
c. c':;-! r.iRorcii c<?-i5
Positions in the General Schedule nt CS-I ($'.5f)'4 per ycnr) to CS-15
($25,533 per year) are classified at those salary levels by the personnel
office of the Department or agency. They do not require Civil Service
Cor.mission action, though the Civil Service CoTjnission conducts periodic
audits to Insure the integrity of the Department's classification process.
There is no Gt:ot.i with respect to the ni:ml)er of positions that can be
classified at the various pay gr-i'-cs. Conceivably, therefore, tf you
could artfully set up a dccarttnent where all positions bear responsibilities
that could be cls.ssified at thi CS-15 level, and you could persuade
Corigrcss to appropriate the necessary funds, you could fill all your
positions at the C.^-15 lcv.?l. Of cours::, good tranagcrnent practice, as
well as the realities of orcanir.ational responsibility , will find
positions classified in a nore pyv*..;iid-liki: structure with fewar positions
at t!'io tot> and nor;? position^ tc'.-srJ the bottca.
GS-l thrcush GS-15 positions ure grouped Into three cr.tcsorios.
G3-1 through CS-8 are called "entry level" positions. CS-9 through GS-12
positions are called "mid-lcvcl " positions, and C:~-13 through CS-15 are
called "s'^ntor level" posit i^)ns. That ncr.cnclaturo Is only i'.nportant
vizh respect to qi.al i f Icati^-n and e::a:;iination rcquircncnts for career
c'-.^'.oyccs and simply to recognize tho terms used by the bureaucracy to
dosciibe these groups of positions.
Interesting note: There is a strange phenomena cccuring v;ithin the
Executive Brancli. Above we stated that one would in-agine good r.'jnagcmont
practice would find a typic:il oi-pan i::ation in sorc'.;i;at of a pyramid
configuration with a few senior level positions, a larger number of mid-
1 cvol position:^ a'ld a still larger nu~ber of entry level positions. In
8953
PLiny cnoC-s, however, or.^ariir.atl or.s are crerging viith an hour glass
conf lf;:;--.ic Ion. In jn cr.i of bu'J^cc constrninty n.'.d the riiU'.cCion of
personnel ceilln:js, tn.maj;er5 have shc^n a tendency to cliirinate ir.id-levcl
positions. Entry level and clericnl positions often renain while the
professicnals tend to be grouped into the senior level ran^e, '.iThen an
office has tight budget and a ti^ht ccllin;?, the bureau rencts by seeking
profess icnsls already trained anJ Imrrediatcly capable of performing those
responsibilities necessary to accomplish the program tr.ission. Those
individuals will necessarily cor.mand a salary in the senior level range,
so conscqu'^ntly they 'lill get these professional positions classified at
sinlor levels. Those professtopals , of course, will still require
adrnir. 1st ra civs an! clerical support. Those support positions generally
fall within the entry level rar-'O. On the other hand, there arc short-
tor:r. disecononiics and inof f icicr.r ios incun-bent in the training and
r-.,->rrc'>'cv dcvclop-tiDnt rcquirod with hiring p-irsons In the tr.ld-lovcl rac.ge.
So und.-Tst.-'.ndnbly, in an era of bii.Jgct and ccilirg restraints, ir.cst
offices opt to eliminate the mid-l.;vel positions thus eliminating those
short tcra inefficiencies and dist'concmios ,
This can I^ave lo.ig-tcrni ccn3o.-,i:onc'is for the Executive Branch by
crrating a sevorc age and salary z'^? '■'ithin the Government. The typical
dop-irtn'-ent jr.ay scon find itself villi a prcpoudorsnce of its cr-ployces 33
ar.i older, paid .-.t salaries $18,000 per year and .-.hove, and ei-ployees
25 and under at salaries $li),00n pi?r year and below,
a. CL\:.^iriCATION
As n-entioncd previously, pj:;itions are clasjified at certain pay levels
The r-.oth;>.I by which thfs is dom is co-npl ic.itcd in pr.icticc but si;-.plc
in th..-?ory. '.'itli the help of th.- Departrofital I'crsonnel Office, an office
n:ina;.:or completes .1 docur.cnt c.itlod Position Description Form (Soe
8954
-50-
Aiipcr.dl:< 11). Pasicially the position description calls for a dcscriptlcn
of tlvs nnture .inO cCTploxity of tVic work to be per for^-cJ , ti'.e nrc-unt of
supervision to be given to the employee, the amount of supervisory
responsibility tl-.e employee will have over others, the autf.ority of the
employee to speak for and/or make coraT.itn-jnts for his organizational
unit or the Department, and the level of government at which the cnployce
will operate. Th?3c factors arc then reviewed by a classification
specialist in the Personnel Office vho ir.nkos the judgtrent as to the "price
tag" that position is worth and classifies the position at a certain grade
(or in the case of a supergrade position sends it to the Civil Service
Cor.Tiissicn for classification.)
There arc several volun-.es of standards and guides for the classifica-
tion of pcj; it loi-.s , i.'sut^d by tp.e Civil Service Ccr.rni sr. ion , "..•hlch the
classification specialist uses. 3tran^;ely enough the standards and guide-
lines for the lc';er level positions are more prcctfc and stnnd.irdized
that Cor the higher level positions. In all cases there arc "terms of
art", certain perscni-iel d:jscriptloa language or govcrntncntese, that have
tl-.e effect of raising or lowering tlia classification of a position.
As you n^iglit surmise, classification of positions is really sone-Afhat
subjuctivo and loose regardless of v.liat the bureaucrats '-.ell you. In
pci-.-.C of fact, if you have a coiripcCcnt, loyal classification specialist
ir. your department or agency, one only need give hi:n an outline of the
pc'sition description and inform bin at w'nat grade you wir.h the position
cla.^siliod. Within reason, he ought to be able to so construct the position
description, with the appropriate "terms of art", tl'.at he can achieve
what you have requested. ror cxar-ple; you can raise the classification
of a position by sir^ply changing the supervision given to an cr.ployec
8955
from "clo:;f'" nnd "f rer.iieiit" to tint of "occrs i/'nal" or "general." In
short, you can pretty well do what yci war.t, within r;asoa in clnrsifying
a pojition within an agency at GS-15 and below. Your classification
specialist ou^ht to also be abl-j to artis t ical Iv v.'rite a position descrip-
tion sufficient to enable the Civil Service Cofmissicn to classify a
position at the supergr.idc level, providing that a supcrgradc quota is
available.
This cl'ssif ication function of the Departmental personnel office,
and their obvious ability therein to assist or to frustrate your policy-
makers in the achievement of personr.oi objectives, vividly illustrates
the critical n;ied for the Political I'crsonnel Office to establish excellent
rapport with t'm licpactrr.cf.tal p-;r:;or.;;cl office. It further points out
the noccssity of itisurii'.r; that tlie critical people in the Depar ttiontal
personnel office are loyal ~ov-bcr> of the team.
g. FUN'CTio:; 0." ?i'.f. stfps
Within each grade steps Arc pr-narily used for three distinct
purposes.
The first purpose is thi anuLial prcv.otinn i.n salary of employees.
This was dcsiv;n?d to halt the practice of upgrading a position frcn
cr.? grade to the next merely Cor th-j pt:rpo.?c of increasing the salary of
tr.D incuTibent. Step ir.creases arc autcnatic unless the emplcyoc 's super-
visor dcterr-inns th.at tlic e,;iployc?o 's performance is unsatisfactory.
'Che. second function of steps is to allow for a salary increase other
than thr lon;,;evity reward of the annual step increase, for exceptionally
r;cri tor LOUS .<ui:: tainted per f rrT.r.ncf , or as an r.vard for a specific exceptional
task. This t-erit increase my be civen only '-'.'.ore an cnployce has served
in iiiN position for a iniuiaum of 90 days, .ir.d only once in any 52 vceV;
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 24
8956
-52-
pcricd. This qnnlity Ir.crcaso, hc>..-cv<;r , is in adtJiCion to the annunl
step incrft-.sc ar.J dcis not ch.Tr.^,c tli'j nan ivcriary d.itc for t'no annual
step i:icrease.
The third function of steps is to alien,? nar.agors to hire persons at
a aatavy hisher ' han that dcsignntCvl for the first step of any given
grade. Again, llko in the first two I'scs of the stops, the intent is to
discoi'.rage the upgrading of the position simply to accc;.-pl ish cc-r.pcnsntion
objectives. However, there are precise rules as to the use of sttps to
conpcnsatc a nev; cTployce at a given grade level above the basic (first)
step if the cinployca is coming fro:,-, other than another branch of govern-
rr.cnt. There arc three criteria under i/hich th'? CcM-nisslon will approve
such an iction.
2) If ti-.c pcr-;>?n's ci:rvc:Tt s.-i'iary exceed:-, t!ic basic step, ycu
can bring bin intn the ntc;" ^.loscst to his C'.:rr<!nt salary.
If his sair.ry fall' bocvt-cn i.wo steps lie ir. entitled to the
higher step.
b) If the ncv ewvlcyee has rr.de a certaia salary for a lerlod of
more than one year, you nay take that salary ar.d increase it
by 5%. t.'.ko that fi;;uro and ^ivo hin the step closest to it,
(if bctveon tvo steps, he gets the higher). Tiic theory behind
the second criteria is that, but for his relocation to the
Federal Government, he night have expected the sa-'.o type of
pron-.ition available as ot;o v:o;ild in th.c Federal Government.
c) The third criteria i:; in thnso cases vhorc- there is a very
technical, unitjue position, c.n(\ the labor T.arkct has a severe
shortage, uhcin you find a person viniqucly qualified for that
position he can really narnc his price.
8957
F. WiiiTTi::; a?!::ndm.::ct
Jnrrle V-hitCcn of Mi3:;issippi is famous for his well-publicized
V.'hittca Amand-ciits to civil rights legislation ar.d education bills
prohibiting the use of FcJcral fuar.s for the purpose of busing schocl
children as a tool of intc;;rrtt ion. Less kno^vn is his ancndnent to the
Classification Act, pointedly adopted by Congress during the Eiscnhcv.or
Adr^inistration, '..-hich places constraints on the pro-otions of Federal
cnployccs from one E-ado to another. This Whicten Ar>endricnt, like the
rules governing steps, applies to all Federal crployecs, vhethcr career
or non-career, vhethcr a supsrgrada or entry level c.-(ployec, as long
ns they arc paid in the Gen-.ral Schedule (GS) . The l-'liitcsa Atreadnent
di'es no'.: apply to i^xecutivo l-v ol e-ployeos or tho:ji? of other pay syr.to.^is.
The whittan ArenCi-ent, in essence, states that a Federal en,>lcyco rray
<?r.ly bo p-irT.a-.'.ently appointed tc C;-:o gr^^dc t.'lthin ;; 5!? vczk period, r.:-.d
r.ay be prc;r.oted no noro th-.n c:v:> graclo at a tine. Tl-at n^cr.r.s that when
a parson enters Federal service and is pertr.sn-2ntly appointed to a GS-12
(rct^ernber, psrmanant is a "terr. of art" which enccn-passes both carror and
r. ^i-cart^cr appcj ntncnts even though non-career appointir.ents are soldc.-n
really porxanont in a literal sc-.-.S:;) , he may not be proRotcd to CS-13 until
c:\-2 year after the date of his app Jintr.cat. Sinilarly, h-j can cnlv be
prrrotod from CS-12 to G3-13, not to a CS-14 through 18. Hou-cvcr,
strangely enough, he could be prc-oted to an Executive Level V.
(■■-■l:r'-"-.iI hint: if you have a GS-17 vhon you want to prcrr.oco to a salary
of $35,000 per yc-ar before the expiration of a year friv. the date he
bocar:.? a GS-17, or you w;'.nt to prcnotc a C5-16 to a $36,000 per year
salary, it is obviously easier to p,o to nn Executive Level V ($36,000)
than a GS-IS ($36,0C0) because you avoid the i'hitrcn A.Tiond^rcnt.)
8958
■54-
Thc M.itten Ar or.dr.cnt tices provide f;'r ccrt.iln exceptions. The
c;,T follcwin;; except ior.s cnn be r.-ado by chj I'cpnrtir.cnt .-.lone without any
orlicr approval:
a) If the person is in a job scries th.it Itself ."^kips grades
there ic an autOiT.itic exception to the prcxoticn of one grade
at a tire provision. Host of those job series are in the GS-5
through C'S-ll r.nnge. .\n cxn-ple are lir.n.igCTont Interns who
generally enter govcrnr^nt as GS-7s and are successively
prcr.otod tiie follo^,ing yc-ir to GS-9, .-md the follcv;ing year
to Gj-U,
b) A soco:ii exception is wi'cro an .employee has hold a certain
p-.rr.de, has left tha I-'jt'.:ral service, has reentered the Federal
service -.v-lthin a VT'.r, .•■;:i.i bccT^sc of the jobs av.iilablc
.'cccpteJ a Ic'.-.or grac>. v^jition. If thr.r. parson':; old job, or
av.ctaer i;iTe lil:e it t'r.e.i cpcr.s i;p, he nay h-3 pro-noted back to
that typ-.' of Job ann ;j,rn'.'c, nctvi ths tandinj the provisirns of
the the Hhitten .'.rucnfJrr.jnv: . An e.x;;rplc wc.ild br the GS-7 secretary
who gats prej^nar.t ••".'.d Vr;;Ti^:;ns to h.-ivc her c'.iild. Several
ncnths later she decides to return to work. She seeks
reemployment and accepts tlie only job av.-. il.''.blt; , that of a GS-5
clerk-typist. A month or so her old GS-7 secretarial position,
or another GS-7 secret.niril position, opens up. She cnn then
be reinstated to the GS-7 level.
The other two exception-; provided for by the v.'hitten Arrcndrcnt raist
h'.- applied for by tiic Cabin. ;t; S>-cr .t ary , or Aceucy li-.-ul, and approved by
the Civil Service Co:r.-niSG icn . Tho:;e exception-; are as follows:
8959
-53-
>>'hc-rp failure to t-r.^.nt such p.n o.crrtion wtll cnu?:o
.1 pr.-tvo ir?;;i!'.tv co tho '>..! i vi<'i...il not: contorpl .tc.?>1 hy th?>
intent of the W-'.jttion ■■'•rr.cr.dr.ont . The bi;sc c:<ar-;.<ie, ar.d perhaps
the only one really f,r.niited for the rationale of "incoui ty to
tlie cn'i>loy-:;e alone" is the follo'.-ing cnse. A your.n lady applies
for and receives a career-conditional appointment at CS-3 in a
Federal office in July of a given year. She has just co,T>plcted
hor junior year in C0II030 and plans to work for the suruTier
months of July, August, and Scpter.iber. In October she resigns
and returns to college where she ccnplcCcs her senior year.
She graduates in May, Phi Beti Kappa and sunm cum laudc.
Kairlier in the sprin:; rho h.nd taken the Federal .Service Entrance
Exa-.»ir.atLoa. She retcivos a certificate of eligibility for
entry Into the ccdernl Governr.Ciit at GS-7. Sha applies In
Juno for n Fcdural job. According to the t<;r!r3 of the Khltten
Anieadaer.t it v.ouid be illegal to give her a GS-7 position for
she had been apjjointtd as a GS-3 within tl-.a 52 weeks. Both
the ycar-in-gr.iJe provision ar.d prc^^.otion limitation of oae
grade at a tim.c u-ould b-; vioL-.trd. Hot.-2vcv, the inequity to
the Individual in such a c.ise certainly was not contenplated
by the i;itent of the V.'hitton Air.cnumcnt and jin exception would
almost certainly he grr.ntcd by the Civil Service Corrinission.
The oth<;r exception is wh-jrc the enforccn-.enc of the Uhittcn
Ar.cndmcnt v;i 1 1 crcnfy .-..-! e::tti-iv; hTrd?;hio o-i the Depart:n.-rnt .ind
an ir.c--;'.:ity to th-^ in '.i vi du.-il . An cxnr.ple of this is vl-.ore you
have a very unique position and you have a uni'jnely (qualified
Federal oinploycc selected, licwevcr, th.-it employee tn.ny not be
eligible for prcmotion because of the ycar-in-gradc provision
8960
-56-
of the V.'hittcn Anendncnt nnd/or he Is two grade levels lever
thnt tlic position. The nep.irtncnt: is then left with but two
cltcrnativcs if an e.tccption to the Whitten A;nc:id:rent Is not
fjrnnted. Either lose the services of that unique individual
for tliac unique position, thus ca>:sing an undue hardship on
Che Department ("terms of art", acnirt !) or the Department
must dc'.-ngrnde the classified level of that position -- and
consequently positions under it -- which causes an undue hard-
ship on the Department, and because the individual will then
be pc-rforr.'in,^ respDns ibilities that were determined to be
worth a hi>:hcr level of pay witliout receiving that pay -- as
r.iy also be the case v.'lth subordinates to thir; position who
will likewise bo dir-ngraciod -- it creates an inequity to the
individual .
p, CT'l":^ PAY SVSTi:M>
There are ether pay systcns thiC t'r.atikf ully, are not subject to
t'.s rules j.nd rcgulcit ic.-is of t'.io Civil Service Cccmission and Chose that
aL:..rid to tht: CInruificatirn Act (CI p,-y systc-in) . The r.xociitive Office
of '.no Pro-.;idc:it has in it., in adcition to the Co systcn, "adr.inistrntive
(.■.2' funds" with vhich to pay en.ployoos. So thoy are atlc to si:-ply
iiLr. sorr.conc aiul give bin £i_ny; salary, net to exceed C.>-I3, ir.ixh like a
prl -ate corporat ion vould.
The State Dcpnrt-er.t , USIA, Ain, and ACTION' (I'cace Corps) all have,
in ai'.ditio.'i to the CS systcn, the foreign Service scale for their Forcfsn
Service Officers, Koreign Service Heservo Officers, and Foreign S.-rvicc
Staff. L)l;c the GS system, the For.2ign Service SysL.^ir had grades ^nd
step-;, but except fcr wliatc-vcr rule-'; nay be pronulpatod by the Departments
or At;cncies themselves, those appointn'cnts and pay systems are relatively
8961
-57-
uncncunborcJ by tho rules cIk-.C actnmi rhc CS pr.y system.
The liopar Lf.cnt of Defc-psc, the Dj lartncnt: of Tranopcrca tion (Co.-ioC
Gu.Tr<!) , the RoparLncnt of Hcaltli, nducaticn, ancJ Welfare (Co.i.nis£.ioned
Officers of tliC Public Health Service) ami the Department of CoOTicrco
(Ccir..T.issioned Officers of the Coast and Geodetic Survey) also have military
pay systems .with their oi.'n .set of rules and regulations.
Certain otr..?r agencies like the Food and Drug Administration of tl>e
Dopartr.ent of Health, Kducation, and Welfare, NASA, and the National
Science Tovindation have, in addition to th<5 GS system, a proscribed cuota
of positions which, by Congressional statute, arc excepted frr;n the
Civil Sc'vvico rules and rog'.tlatiov.s and/or the Clnssiiicaticn Act (GS pay
sysCeti) .-nd ooarate tniich li';c thi: ad.-.inlstrative pay system nt the Exocutivo
Office of the President.
It is ir.portant to kmr.; at ti-o outset that aTl_ rcsitlons £irc pr^sutred
to be career and r;ust ba filled or. a career basis unlo'^s they are ;;:<cei>t:t-'d by
Congrc-E, Executive Order of the President, or action of tha Civil Service
C^r.-nission. What this iraans in practice is chat a fiiture to sciik sotr.o author-
i?.ativ-<- for e;:cfepCing a position fro:.-, the career service auttn^atlcally thrusts
that prsicion into the career service. Of course, the bureaucrats love that
rule. A:;ninistr€Tt ion:; have often been accused of freezing, in positions by
ctxivcr-irg thc.-n frcn non-carccr to career. Actually that Is not always the
case. More often, as w.-.s the case in most instances of the Johnson Adainistra-
Mon. siciply new p'»sitior:s were created oa top of older, lower level positions
(l-.ycrinr;) , Purpcsely, affimatlvc stops to except these positions, even though
they ir.Tt the criteria rcKardinj; oxcopted posltioiis, were not taken. Rather
tli'jy would slnply pro.-.oto persons tc and fill tliosc positions with loyal
p:c.t.*;".ts of t!:oir tcan who wcjld th^n be career by flat of cnission.
8962
-58-
C.\Rr.F:R APPOIN'TIKI.TS
(.1-1) Cnrcor-C ond It i cn.-t 1 .-.ppo i nrnn-n t
An appointn.ent in the cor.^pct i tivc (career) service at any
level where tl:e incumbent has corr.plctcd less than three years of
substantially continuous service in the Government.
(n-2) Career Appointment
An .TppointsTiont in the ccr..-:etitive (career) service at any
level whore the incu.r.bent has cor.pletcd three years of substantially
continuous sarvicc in tho Govcrrjr.cnt. Generally these three years
are spent in a career-conditional appointment (see above).
(n-3) Career K.^ecativi; Assivn-ent - CEA
An appoliiti-cmt at tho G;.-15, GS-17, or C^i-lS level in the
conpctitivo service and tvhico is subject to rcrit staffing pr«cedures.
The Ir.toiiC of C.-.v^cr i;:;c-Cut ivo Assigmicrits voro for po.;itic>ri3 at the
supcrgrade Ibvol roH^orned with organisational nanagoncnt and
"hovisokcepin^ f unctio.is . " Kovover, as incnticni.-d before, the
Kennedy and Johnson Adnini.strations saw a good pnny, if not wost,
of our policy-traking prcgvrtni r.ip.igcr positions becc-.v.c CFA. They,
of course, ought to bo NEA.
N.P.. Probst ionnrv Period
A person in a carcor or caroer-ccndit ional appointment such
as thos'j listed above is f;oncrally required to servo a
probationary pcricd of cr.u year. Prior to conplotion of the
one year paricd, the c-irpldvce 's "conduct and performance in
tlio dutic" of his position ir.ay be observed and ho smy be
separated fron tho service i^lthout undue formality If circum-
stances warrant." (iPM Section 315) Since employees during
tl-.ii; period have only lir;ited rcncval prctoctions, it Is the
casi-;r Period di:ring which to disch-irgc an ei-.ployco scrvin.-;
8963
In n cnrccr appointmc-nt ,
h. E>:CK?T,^D ArPOINiy.KNTS
Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution provides that the President
"shall nominate, and by and with tbe Advice and Consent of the Senate,
shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges
of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose
Appointnients are not herein provided for, and which shall be established
by Law: but the Congress m.-iy by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior
Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of
Law, or in the Heads of Departments."
By operation of that section of the Constitution, certain officers
are specifically excepted a.s Presidential appointments requiring nomination
to, and ccnfirnatton by, the 3c.K-te prior to appointaont . That section
al^o provided tliat Congress v;ould bo the authority for dcterr.ining what
other officers they will require fAui President to submit his r.orr.ince for,
a-d who.T tiie Senate r-.ust confirrr., before said nopiince can be appointed
to office. That provision also gave Congrrss tlic: right to dctcnnine by
1;:,- these officials who can be appointed by th.: President alone, and
trrse positions for whicli thoy nay vest the appointing authority in the
D2-.= rtrncnt of Agency licads , (ilotc: the vesting by Congress of appoint-
ing authorities i;i the "Heads of Departr-^nts" is a direct constitutional
line of autliority, and Is nnr- a delegation by, or through, the President.)
Congress h-s, by law, vested most of the appolr.ttr.cnt authorities for
GS-13 and below directly in the "lieads of Dcpar tr.onts", subject to the
Civil Service laws and regulations. Those laws set up the presumption.
8964
-60-
as rr.cntioncJ previously, th.Tt all positioir; therein are c.nrcer, though the
law provitles that positions tray be excepted by an Executive Order of the
President making a position a Presidential appointment, or by action of
the Civil Service Conmission. There arc definitions and standards by
vhich a dccerninatlon can be nnde whether a position should be excepted/
BUT IT IS IMJORTAM TO REirEMBER THAT iri ORDER TO MVKE A POSITION' AN
EXCEPTED ONE AN AFFIRM.\TI7E STEP MUST EE TAREK TO ODTAIN' TIIH AUTr.ORITY TO
EXCEPT TILVT POSITION'. EVEN T}:OLGn TH!-; POSITION rniETS TiiE CRITERIA FOR AM
EXCEPTED rOSITIC:;, FAILURE TO OKTAIN TOE NECESSAF.Y AlTniOia^^ATION TO FILL
THE POSITION ON AN EXCEPTED BA^.lS '..'ILL, BY FIAT, T}!KU5r TK-\T POSITION
INTO THE CAREER SERVICE.
(h-l)Prc-;idcr..t:ial Apnoin-.-.-r.t Haoi-.ir fr-r. Ser.nte Corri-.:rat_t jn -_ PAS_ '
Thcao aru j-ositinns, dc tornin.-d by Con}',vess .wherein it Is
n^'fcesyary for the Pro.sicloL^t to no.hinnte to the Sen-itc his c^'-ndldatc
for that position. L'pr.-, cnfimrion by tho Senate, the Prcsidc'it
nay th?n appoii\t h.is cat-.JidaLC . Thrt candidate servos as the
pleasure of the President unless by law his tcni-.re is specifically
stated to bo diffe>-ent.
(b-"^ Prc.T i d cj-i t i -iL Apr' ^ '.! ".^I' jir-l' _Js £.•_' L'^llTiL^' !l:lt£. Conf irratl'on -
By Kercr^s Af.pni-ir-- .:ii: - ;AS-il
A little V:ncwp. and utilf::od section of Article II, Section 2
of the Cor.stitut ion provides "the Prcsidcint shall have Power to fill
up all Vacancies that nay happen during the Recess of the Senate,
by granting Cox-nissicns which shall exi'ire at th.? End of their
noxi: Session." (emphasis added) This irear..-:, therefore, that the
President can appoint niui h.avc serving in .i Presidential appointment
re'juirir.^ Senate cam'irtr.ation an individual not acted upon or
confirmed by thi; Senate for up to almost two years if the appointment
is nad,:- diirinr, one of tl.e recesses of the Senate. The pi-rscn, upon
8965
-61-
liis ai)pointncnt , h.is n commission \;hlch runs during Che existing
session of the .Senate and through tljeir entire next session. Kvcn
it thnc sa^c: person is concurrently ncninated to the Senate and
they choose not to confirm hin, lie still retains his office and
coi-irfissicn for the stated period of time. (Sec J'aRO 75 for further
details).
(h-3) Trcidcntial Appaintcents - PA
Presidential apnointr.ents are those officials appointed Co
positions dcsignatod by Act of Congress, or Executive Order of the
President, as positions filled by appointr.ent of the President.
_(b^) Apyroval of t h± Prosidcnt - AP
Th'.'sc potlticns vhich hr.ve been vested in t!ie heads of DeparC-
inerits but which by \:tw , or i':<ccutivc Oidor, reruiro the President's
approval of the no:irl.ncc. i>->.'cii positions may bo eif.har career or
nci-.-car-isr. For ex.-ri-olo, cnvtain Assi.-tant 3^H-rol;;rios for
Ai .ninir; tratirn in cnpru-trw nts ars career 3f.pointr.cnts made i/ith the
noprcval of the President.
Ik^)__ Kr^::c-rc.:r_ E>:r;cutivn Arsi;:n-wn;: - NKA
An appo!.ntini;nt at the G'J-16, GS-17 or G;;-13 level which has
been excopteil frtm the cor-,pct itivc (career) service by the Civil
Service CoT.'.ir.s ion and is, theroforc, not subject to ncrit staffing
prcco<K!ro;; . To qualify for an Nf.A ass ignincnt tb.e positlci must be
one whG.-;c iacu^bar.t will l)bc deeply involved in the advocacy of
Aurr.inist:rati.>n pi-o;;ra:-.:; and support of their controversial aspects;
or 2) p.irticivv-itc significantly in the do ternination of rr.ajor political
policies or the Adr.inistrat ion ; or 3) sor\c nr incii.r.l ly ar. a personal
assist.inf: to, or adviser, of a Presidential appcintce or other key
political fv.-;ure. For c::.'.r-.ple, an Assistant to tho Secretary of a
Cabinet Di-partr.-.iint mi,;ht \/ell hold an NCA appointr.icnt . KE.\3 arc
the ;:ur'er"rade ecilvalent of "Schedule C."
8966
(b-5) Linitcrl Lxocit i vo As?i5;n-cnt r LF^\
An appcint^ant at the GS-16, GS-17 or GS-18 level in the
coir.poti tive service which is not subject to merit staffing procedures
and ••■.■hich is limited in tenure from one to five years. Such assign-
ments arc usually authorized by the Civil Service Cotnmiss ion for
positions considt red to be of short duration and when the agency
establishes an unusual need that cannot adeqi;.ntely be n.et under the
procedures required for a Career Executive Assign-ent.
(b-7) Schedvila C appcintTient
A position, other than a supergradc level position, which is
excepted from the co~pctitivc (career) service by the Civil Service
Coranission. It is excepted du; to the policy de'.crminins charr.c ttr ic-
tics of the position of the nati'.rc of a close personal and confidential
relationship bott-een the iacur.bcr.t of the position and the bond of
the agency or other key cy.ccptod official. Exa-plc. an assistant to
a Cabinet Secretary or Assistant Secretary or a confidential secretary
to one of these officials night be in a Schedule C position.
(b-8) _ Schr:d'ilc A apnoini.i.^c-nt
An appointment which is c::coptcd frcm the ccrpotitivc (career)
service by the Civil Service Co:nnission. Schedule A positions are
defined as those other than those of a ccnfidonrlal or policy naking
character and for which it is impractical to c>;a;r.Inc. For cxar.plc,
all attorneys in the Govcri-.nent , unless otherwise excepted, are
Schedule A. In the 1950's the American Bar Association successfully
questioned tiie government policy of an examination ff.'r attorneys
based on the fact that all had to successfully pass a bar
8967
-63-
c/.aniiiation Cor a license to i)r.iccice. As a result, Consress
passed a law prohibiting tlio govorntrent frcr.i spending any money
for the purpose of exanining applications for attorney positions,
though the Govcrmicnt cCMild rcfjuire that an attorney be adnitted to
practice. Thus it is in-practical to examine attorneys. Schedule A
authorities are also frequently used to hire the physically
handicapped, the mentally retarded and certain disadvantaged students
for suir^er emplostnent. (Sec FPM Section 213.3102 for a full listing
of the uses of Schedule A.)
(b-9/ Schodv.la B anpointr.:ents
An avpointti-.ent vhich is c::coutad from the corrpetltive (career)
service by theCivlI Service Cn.uaission. Schedule R positions arc
otlior th.-iii those of a conf iiiencial or policy dctcrninirg character
and arc eNccoted on the basi-; that It is not practicable to hold
coi-petjtivs cxaninaCior.s for them, 'fiv; Civil Service Cciivmission tp.ay
des lf,!i.-itc, hc;evor. that norcc .'petitive c::.-im illations be given.
Schedule 15 authorities have been used prirr.arily for the appoitittrent
of persons to new positions for which there arc no classification
standards established and no re^ifstors created. Vor cx;:i--plc, during
the Kennedy Adr'.ini:;tr,ition whon the Office of Econor.iic Opportunity
vas created, r.cnt of the positions in the new agency were excepted
under the Schedule B authr>rxty. The rationale for this wa-; that
duo to the experimental quality of the new agency, and the uncertainty
of exactly what the new positions would cntial, it uac not practical
to establish star.dard.i and civil service rc£-,istcrs iirncdjately for
the coinpotit tvi' cxaninntion of applicants. This sar.c rationale was
used by Franklin I). Roosevelt when the alphabet agencies were created.
8968
All thoso crploy-^cs were pl.-iccd in cxccptoJ n;';>ointronts nr.d once
tlic! f'.irty faithful were i'.\ place, Lliey were given career status
by Hxccutive Order of the Prosidcnt.
Schedule E autiior itici are also used for positions of short
duration, such ii:; census takers.
(b-10) Tor^norary Appolnirr: onts
Tonporary Limited .'■■i)point-.ants
An appointmijr.t t:hich n^ay ba made for a specified period of
tiir.c, but not to exceed one year. This type of appolntr.cr.t
tray be used to fill temporiix-y positions or to fill a continu-
ing positica for a terfiorary period. Such appointeos do not
ai;(|uiro cr;..potxttve status and ray be separated at ar>y time
by notice ir. wriLin;;; irc-. an appointing cfLtccr. 'fliii: type
of appoLr.trr.t'nc 's nl'. -yr; u.><^d for recr.ploy;J aan'iitar.ts who
have rcMch::;d ti:-3 age of 70.
Ten-i Appjtnt.T.or.t
An .ippointtn&nt whieh nay be used to fill po:;iti'ins thcit will
last lorgov than or.o year but are of a project nature and will
tornir.acc upon ccripletion of the project, 'form appointments
nay bo irade for periods in excess of one year, but may not
exceed four years. 3i;ch app.ointirionts require the prior
approv.il of the Civil Service Ccrnission. Tills type of
appointment lr> not to he confused with terrr.s of office specified
by la-.-? for Presidential appointments.
Special Nerd Appoi n tr.:!-i-'rs
A te.-.-.porary .-;ppoint.:nrnt which iray be r.ade for a period of 30
days and which r-ay be extended, upon approval of the Civil
Service Conmir.s ion, (which approval Is ur.jally autivnaticilly
-65-
f.rantcd) for an audition.il 30 days. Tliis is ron.^idcrcd an
"cmorgivncy" ni-point^icnt and ror,t Hopa rtrxnts V.avc c!io authority
CO r.-.nko such "special need" appointt?.ciits for the first 30 days
without prior Corr.T.ission approval. These appointtrcnts are
particularly useful for bringing on board persons inured i ate I y
pcndins final clearances or, in the case of persons being
hired in the career service, pendinjj their certification by
the Civil Service Ccrniission.
Temporary Appointrr'nt Pcndin.q EstablishT.cnt of Register - TAPER
A temporary appolntnicnt made for tha rationale of ixncdiate
need for a certain employee or type of ctrployee "when thci-e are
insufficient cligiblcs on a registor appropriate for fillins
a v.icancy in sccor.tinuin.7 poslticn and the public intorcst
rcr,ulrcs tlu-.t the vacancy be filled bofore cligiblcs can be
certified." Crigi:-...lly , this typu of appoint^r.oat 'vas est.iblishcii
to allow for tho .-ppointn-.eut of Individuals to inid-levcl
adnilnistrattve and iran.-j:c!^ant positions which were not covered
by special occupational groi-p registers. Since the establishnant
of TA?i^R appointr.^rats, hov.wiir, the Civil Service Coa^nission
has cstablish.cd the Mid-Lovcl Register for this purposa. It
ts still a ujieful device for hiring a person on a temporary
basis and gives you the added flexibility of being able to
pioriote that person without regard to the '.-'hit ten An-cnd.-.tent if
dicy are suhscqucntly given a career-conditional appointment frcn
a register. For cxanplc, you night hire a CS-7 secretary under
the TAPER appointnent authority. After a few months, the
secretary ray subntt her rovn 171 to the Cc^-.Tiission for a Hid-
Lcvcl rating. If on the basis of her qualifications tlic
Conn;isslon dctoritiiner. that secretary is clirjiblc for a CS-9
8970
-66-
Icvol .nppoir.tir.ent , you my tlien appoint her, once she is
in reach on the rc~istcr, to a carcer-condit Ic-nnl ]>osltion
at the GS-9 level. TAPER appointrrents under these circumstances
count toward the length of service requirement for career tenure,
(b-n) Consul tnnt- and r,:<.;crt AcDOintr-onts
Consultant Appojntm cnt
An appointircnt of an individual who serves as an adviser to
an officer or instruxen tal ity of the Govcrmrcnt. Such a person
performs purely advisory or consultant services which doas not
include pevfortnance of operating functions. Consultants nay be
employed as temporary or" intern'i ttcnt employees.
K>:n.:rt AnpointTi;nt
An iippointr'.ont of .'.n ir.lj viflual with "excellent qualifications
and .1 hir-.h desroe of nttainr.'inC in a professional, scientific,
technical, or cthar field." Such an employee is appointed for
the purpose of using his c-xpert talents on a particular project,
(b-12) Other A:>pointrr.-nr Au!:hori ties
As in the ca'.e of pay levels, othtjr appointiront authorities
exist within c.ir r'c-deral Covernr.ent, althouj^h thoy arc not
f^oncrally as wide sprc.nd as those listed above.
Tlie State Department. USIA, AID, and ACTION (I'eacc Corps)
all bnvo, in addition to the appointment authorities listed
above, the authority to appoint Forei;^n Service Officers,
ForoJj;n Service Reserve Officers, and Foreign Service Staff.
Tim appointment criteria and vegnlations v.-.ry fvcm agency to
agency, but it is oufficinnt to say tl>afc ttie Civil Service
Con.nission has no authority over Foreigr. Service appointments.
8971
-67-
Additl'.mny, the Departnont of Dcfcns,-, the De-.jnr tnicnt
of 7ransi>ort.Ttioa (Coast Cunrd) , the Departnicnt of IJealth,
Education, and Wclfnre (Connusr. icncd Officers of the Public
Hualth Service), .nnd the Department of Ccmxcrcc (Coirr.isstoncd
Officers of the Coast and Geodetic Survey) have military
appointnent authorities which have their c'..7n rules and regula-
tions and do noc come under the jurisdiction of the Civil
Service Ccri.-.ission.
In addition, certain Departments arc authorii:ed by the
Civil Service Cor.-r-dssion to appoint, under special authorities,
persons with particular scientific and technical qualifications.
(;jc.:= '"K'. Section 305-1 for detailed inforr iticn) . Such persons
r.ay be given any type of appointinent the agency v;ishos using the
special authority as ratioaale. Regardless of t'.ic actual typo
of appcintTT.ant us'^d, the er-ployce acquires i?rT.ediato cc-ipe t itivc
status.
3 . a??ot::t::k::t^ jENrrK,' pro:-:otio>:s. prMorio'S. kfas51g;;m:-nts (Zy Type
('I'JL 'Xyp:; of Ar-point.T.ntj
It is JT-prrtant to understand the appointaicnt , tenure and other factors
affecting positions in the Federal Governnent. In this section vc briefly
dcscriri the tenure of eacli type of appointment, and the I'.oss ibi li t ies of
prc-rricns, dcrotions, reassi gr-.r.onrs ar.d rcnov.ils of each type of appointir.cnt .
Gcncr.-illy speaking the tenure of an appr.i ntr.cnt is granted and governed by
the type of appointment under v.'hich an enployoe is currently serving, without
regard to ivhethcr he I'as competitive status or v^hethor his appointmjsnt is
to a ccrr-.petit Ive position or an excepted position.
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 25
8972
BoU'jve it or not the Civil Service rules nrd regulations, ns cotnplcx ap.J
rostritivc as wc think they .Tre, un net cause mo;;t of the prcblctr.s . The
b'jrcaucrats , not satlsfiod \/ith the unjirecodentod protection and job
security given then by the Civil Service Ccr-„-;iission liavc , in various D'jpartr.ents
ar.d agencies, piled a trazo of departmental regulations on top of the CSC
regulations. The Civil Service Cc-.r-.iss icn v;ill require an sgcncy to follow
its o'.n regulations even thcugii they ray be far more restrictive and far r.orc
excessive than the CSC regulations. 3o-e exair.ples : In HEW career rights
were extended to all attorneys though by CSC rules they arc excepted enployces.
Sor.c dcpartn.jnts have extended the notification procedures of the Veterans
Proferciico Act to all crr.ployees. A few agencies allovod forr.al hearings and
ap'oes^s if a person vas tra:is£erred to a post outside a fifty rrile radius
frcin his present gccgrap'aic;:. 1 location. Cur best advise is to rerr,ok-> them
all and write denartr.cntal regulnuioiis r.arrcvly in tin-; v/ith the Civil Service
Cor.r-ission regulations. out la -:> ny c.-.,c before relyii-.g alor.c en this lonual
ar.cl the Civil Service regulation;;, CHEOk VOU:^ DH:PAR'i^:c:;T CR AGr:r:CY RKGLXMIONS
CAREFIT.LY.
a. CARK£R APrOIN-nCt-YS
Career nnci C.-^.recr-Cond it ional
In tlu' last section v;e defined a career appointir.ent as an appointi.-.cnt
in z'r.Q co;-petitive service at any level '.vh.ere the incunibont has conplctcd
throa years of subs tant Iril ly continous service in the Govcrnmcat . A
carecr-condl tior.al appointir.ent v?.,; defined as a position at any level
V/liere th-^^ incur:bcnt h.is c^i-plctcd loss thnr. three years of substantially
continous service, in the govcr:^r!ent . Wc also noted that the fir;:t year
of a career or carecr-condit ior..- 1 appointment i;; usually, although not
always, a probationary period during vhicli an ertiployc'e whose per f orTrancc
is determined to be unsatisfactory i^ay, in the vjords of th.c Civil Service
Co;:-,Tiss ion, "bo separated frotn the? service without undue formality."
8973
-69-
Diiri.nc the prob.Tticnary periorl only very litnito;! i)rotcct: icns nre available
CO the ot^ployoe './ho ir. beir.j; rcv:.->\'cd,
Or.co past ch-i conplctiop. of t!^c proh.nt ion.iry period, ho.,.ever, persons
fjcrving in cax-ocr or career-conditional appointr.t-nts have certain protec-
tions x;hich are spelled out in the C^C rules and reg. Nations . With few
oxcptions, the ten-jrc of employee? serving in si-ch positions is referred
to as cgrcor tenure ar.d is practically forever.
(a - 1 ) Appointment
Appointirent to career positions must be made frcm a listing
of three ir.J ivi duals certified to the Dopartnint or Af-.cr.cy frcm the
Civil Service Cor.ir.iss ion. It right be of val'jc to digress and o::plain
the CSC system of rating c;i:-.di;;atC3 to detcrtr.ine their eligibility
and the certification pro-css.
The K -Tt in 2_ZX£L-^l^
For entry lovol pcisitlc:;^ at: CO-1 throj.::!i C3-8, a per-cn to be
placed OP. the register ru.st >'.ri'iy ici-' a written e:-car,-,inii:ion, for the
type of jobs for which lie v;ishj:5 to receive an eligibility rating,
to the Civil Service Cc :;-'.issi'~n . \i:- Is then .'.ivjn an objective
score. If he passes th; o.va-i r ; tion vith thn nini;.n:n ri^quired score
of 70, they •..-ill then given hi-i an eligibility rating (such as
eligible for 03-5 .^nd CS-7) for t!ie appropr iafn typo;; of positions
for which ho applied. Those -ho havo recciv.-d an eUgibility rating
arc then placed on the register for the typ.j of position applied
fcr at the grade levels for '..h'rii they have received tiie eligibility
rating in order cf the nimoricil scorrs attainod on tiie exa ninnt ion.
For i-ld-lcvcl (Go-0 thro:;-.ii Co-12) n;-.d Senior level positions (GS-13
through CS-15) tiic candidate s^.bi-its his "V ppllcat l-.n for Federal
i>ployr.ent:" (Korn 171) to th- Civil Service Cr r.-ission . The
8974
-70
Civil Service exr.ninrrs tl'.cn cor.cuct an "e::iirr.ir.aci(>n" by evaluatlnc;
his cd'jcation iw.d c:r,plP>Tr.ent cxp.crionce. E.-.scd on this evaluation
the cnndidate receives ;in cl i;;,ibility rating for the types of
positions applied for. Note : A candidate might rccoivc different
elieibility rarinns for different types of jobs. If a candidate has
extensive experience as a finar.cial manager and limited experience
in the field of public relations, he r-.ight receive an eligibility
rating of GS-IS-K -15 for positions in the financial tranascmenC field
^.•hile receiving an eligibility rating of only G3-11 for public
infornatien positions,
Tl-.o.-;o car.didatf^s rated ar; eligilile for mid-level and senior
level posiiienr, are th-a plncr-d oa the register for tho areas and
grades in '.vhich th.ey r.ive been ratou as cli,f;ible. Ancther inportant
i\otg: Jest because a ca.'.dic-;i:e r.V.c.:; yen a Itter frc-:^ the Civil
Service Co.T.nission iv>'jvfyi:-;.i liin that h.r h;:s betn rated eligible
for the ,';rad.j and type of position you art seeking to fill dr?s not
cntLtl*; your department cr the candidate to have him hired in that
position. lie rr.u!: stil' be r ?.-!:i rior*. to the- agcr.ry, according to
the "ncrit" system thfc':;'h th.p certification process v.'hicli we shall
riiscusa shortly.
In the case of veteran-, five points is autc^.at ically added to
v.-hatevcr score they ruakc for '.-.hatcvcr exar.iin at ion they have taken.
This is called 5 point vetrrarr; preference. Disabled veterans are
sirilaily given a 10 point preference.
8975
-71-
Tli^ Cortif lea t±(r^ Procoss
The certification y.roccs-j hcrjir.s when ycur HeparCncr-C or Agency
stib.T.its to th-i Civil Service Coirjriission a job description, and a
forn outlining the selective criteria you are seeking in a candidate,
for a specific position.
In the case of entry level positions, they sicply take the top
three cnndidites in order of nur.-crical score, which trect your
select ioii criteria, and certify their, to your Doparttr^cnt or Agency.
The Department or Agency n'.ust then select from among these three.
It can, hc'vcvcr, reject all three and ask for a new certification of
the next three on the list. Hovovcr, when so doing the Dopartr.ent
or Agoncy must o:-;pIain the the CSC's satisfaction seme very cogent
rcaso:i.s why none of the first three were selected.
For nid-let'el positicni jip.J senioi- level positions tl'.e Corr.Tission
"spins" tha register, '-'hrt thin r.caws is th.at th.-y take the list
of eligibles on a giver, rogiritiur wl-.ich is appropriate to the position
you seek to fill, and using this selective cx-iteria dcter:nino the
tlvrrc "nost qualified " that i-eet that criteria. They do so by having
a pan.^l of throe persons give a rating Co each eligible v;ich respect
to each of Che selective criteria you have specified. Tljcse with
the three top scores (•.hicii vill include th.osc vho have attained
that score by veterans pret'crer.ce) will then be certified to your
Dcpart~ont or Agency. A;;ain, you nust select frra among the three
certified candidates. It c.n, hot;cvcr, reject all three cligiblos
and ask for a nci; cert i f ic.iticn of the next throo on the list.
However, when doing so the I'opnr tn:ent or Agency nust explain to
the CoTT.lssion sotr.o very cogent reasons why none of t'ne first three
were selected.
8976
-72-
Vrrv itp^ort-'int note: Because of the siibjcc ^ivcr.o.ss of the
certii f iciLi O.I process witli rcspocc to riid-lcvcl nnd senior level
positions there is renlly no "merit" in tl.e "merit systcn" snve
the; ninimu-n '. ual i f icat icns that a candidate be eli£;iblo. First
of all the panel uhich "spins the register" is usually cr.adc up of
one rponiber of tlie Cor-r.ission staff and two persons selected by
your pcrsonnol office frcn yoar i>epartr;ent or Agr-ncy. Secondly,
you'll retncnber the panel rates the eligible'; on the register on
the bisin of the job description and selective criteria that your
personnel office has submitted to tl-.e Ccr.-r.iission. Togcithor this
liss ths effect c^f siir.ply turaing tl.e "career nor it system" into a
devic.; by '..''lich the- bureaucrats operate their cv;n patronage system
while tolling the politic i.-.-'.T to "krop th.cir h.-tnc!.? off" so as net
to intcrfer vitb. the "t7.;!vit systi-nV The best v.-.y to c;;plain v;hy
'.!c. state it's the burc-mcr^t ;c patronage aysrcm -- they can really
insure the ceri: i f ic.ition of jo-^or.e !.n:!y have pro-seloc ted , a r. I s o
c.'in yo-j -- Is by t.nkif.g ■ y^ u through an cxa-iplo of tho r.'ipe of the
"pierLt systf. .Ti."
Let u? as'^ur-.e that you h.-vo a c.-Jrc'^v oporilnc; in your Dep-:irti:-enC 's
porscnnel office for a Staff Rvjcrui tr-.:;nt Officer, i-ittii's in Crcnt
of you is your college roo:--atc frcn StaAfr.rd IV.ivcrsity in
California '-h.o vas born aad raised in Sin Trancisco, Ho tcoeivod
his lav degree fro.-n FJoalt ilall at th"; l"n Ivor '-.ity of California.
while stiidyin;-, for tlie bar he •.r.'rkcd at an .-:dvi re is ing agency landling
i:c-.s paper acc-.cuats. lie also i.jrU.i(i .i"^ a rep.>rt-.-r cr. the colle;;,c
nei.'.'jp.'iper . V.Tur pfrsonm^l experts ju'ige that "ne could receive an
8977
cligihility rntin-,; for .i GS-11.
The fir5t ihir.y yon do is tear i!p the old job dc-Jcr ipCion
that goes \iith that joh. You thon hnvc n ncv one v;riteen, to bo
classified at GS-U, describing the duties of th.at specific Staff
Recrult.Tiont Officer as directed tovard the recrui ttr.cnc of recent
law graduates for entry level attorney positions, entry level
public infornation officers for the creative arts and college new
liaison sections of your public inforr.aticii shop, and to be rcspoa-
sible for general recruiting for entry level candidates on the
West Coast. You follow tn.it by listing yo-ir selective criteria
as follows: Education: >"-.". and LL!>, stating that the candidate
should liave extensive e:-;i->cric:ic2 ar-.d knov/lodge by rfasoa of cniplcy-
n-.oni: or ror.idonce of th>; V.'t-st Co.jst. CnndUiatc siiould iinve attended
or be {'.••.r.ij 1 iav witli la-.; l^c'uv'oTs, and ins til u tie.-, j of hij^hcr educat'.on,
preferably on the '.'GSt Cease. The cr.r.didate :;hc;uid also por=;ess
sone kiiovledf;e by '.■c.isona of cdr.cacicn or <?>:pi.riei-'ce of the field.';
of colleso journalism, adverti.-ing, and law.
You then trot this candidate's Application for Federal Er.iploy-
nent over to tlie Civil Sei-vicc Con^.->i5s ion, ..ind shortly thereafter
he receives an eligibility rating for a G,'>-11. Your personnel
office then sends over the job description (GS-ll) aloni; with tlie
selective criteria which i.as based on the duties of the job
doscript ion. V/hcn the r.CT.-.cnt arrives for tli.-; panel to "spin the
re^i^ister" ynu insure that your personnel office sends over tvo
"friendly" bureaucrats. The register Is then zpun and yo-jr candidate
v.'ill cert.iinly be anions the only three wlio cvha ti'-ec the selective
critora, r.iist less be rated by your tuo "frici.dly" panel r.e.iibers
8978
-74-
as among the "highest qvinllCicd" that ncet the selection criteria.
In yhort, you write the job description and selective critcrin
around your candidate's Forn 171.
There is no merit in the i^crit system I The fact is that the
Civil Service Corar.ission and the bureaucrats in the personnel
system recognize this truth, for the Civil Service Comnission,
brazenly, even allov.'s tlie Dopartnants and Agencies to n.-in^; request
a particular candidate v/hen asking for a certification from the
register.
(.1-2) Rciooval
Due to the r^aze of Civil Service rules and regulations, it is
very difficult to rerr.ovc an c::-,ployee serving in a career appointr.enC
once he has ccrailetfd Che i-TcL-ationary period. The only x^eal
grounds for rc;noval is "Cor :juch c.iuse and \;ill protr.ote the efficiency
of the scrvics..." (rPM Sccti..:; 752.10-'O Agercios arc Ksnorally
responsible for rer.^yvLng, dcv.oiiing or rc-assigniiig any cr-.ployee v;hose
conduct or capacity is sv.ch that or.e of these actions will "proinote
the officicr.oy of the sericc." Condv:ct which r-ay allow the depart-
ment or agency to remove, dei-ote, or rrnssign an eti^ployoo for this
reason are listed a-; follov/s:
1. Removal fx-om CTrploy.rcnt for r^iscondiict or del inriucncy
2. Criminal, infarnou-;, dishonest, immoral, or not;n-iously
disgraceful conduct,
3. Intentional falje statement:; or deception or fraud in
e>:."rr)i;;.- tlon or appoi nt'ient.
A. Rolr.s.;! to furnish ccstinoney as required by SfcCion 5.3
of Rule V.
5. llabif'.al use of into:^icating bcverares to excess.
6. Roa'ionahlc doubt of th'i loyalty of the person involv.-d
to the Covern.ncnt of the Lnitcd States.
8979
-75-
7. A person who soek:. the ovorthro-.j of the Covornrr'.ent by
force, violence or other unlw.-ful r.enns .
8. Menbership in an org.inization that he knrws seeks the
overthrow or the Covernr-.ent by force or violence,
9. Participation in a strike a-air.st the Gcvornir.ent .
10. Membership in tha Co.Tjr.unist Party of the United States.
Unfcrtai-.acoly tb.r; Vciat ir.ajovity of bureancr.-tts ycu nay wir.h
to rctp.ovc will not fall into nny of tn.ose categories, and generally
any action taken to involi;;T. ar i ly remove an cr.iployee, other than
iind-3r the circumstances listed above, will be considered an
.-\dverso action against the cr^.plcyce. The adverse action prcccc-iir.gs
arc cxtrcr.ely lengthy and tirri^ cons-.;ping and are o'jtlincd briefly
as follcv;3.
Civil St-rvico rules and rcg-.ilaticns rcquir'? thnt the erriployoe,
against v.-hom adverse act^ca is sou^;h.t, is irntitlcd to at lea.vt 30
days advance written notice stating all the rc..t;:i.r>i for the proposed
action, 'flic action proposcci r-.ust bs just that, a proposal, and the
notice should not indicate that a decision has alve-ciy been r-ade,
Tho CT^.ployoc r.nst bo givi.:i-. a rcasonr.blc timj tc prepare and sur;:-,it
a reply to th.is notice and the ar:;oiint of tine given ruist be
Cv'^ntained in tlie Cir.ployee ' s advance notice. I'.e n-.ist also have the
right to reply in writi.-.g, or porscaalty, to a superior.
Once a decision has been nadc to cith.-r pr^'cecd or not with the
adverse acticn, the e-iployic has t!:c right to a written, dated r'.oticc
in fcnning hi:r of the d.. <; i s : -m and his a;ipcril rights. This notice
nust be given to hir- at the earliest possible date at, or before,
the Lir.e the action '..•ill be iradc effective. The cr-'ployec rust be
fully iriformed of his appeal rights to the agency, if any, and to the
8980
-76-
Civil Service CouJ-.issirn. This snrrc procedure npplics to any
action tfVon agair.st: t.i cnployec serving in a cnrcor nppointrcnt
whicli c?u.ld be consi<^crcd an adversity (such as suspension for nore
tlian 30 days, and reduction in rank or cc.-,ponsntion) .
Because this procedure is lengthy, and due to the fact that the
resulting publicity can do ^reat harm to the Dcpartrr.ent , it is
sui;;gcstcd that you study the techniques outlined in Section III,
Chapter 3 of this Manual,
It is, ho'.'evcr, important to keep in nind that ttie adverse
action procedure does not apply to voluntary separations such as
resignations, rnndacory re t ircTc^nt , disability rctircnont and
r.ilitary separations. It is not considered inprcppr by the Civil
Service Cotvo.iGslen for an agoicy to "initiate a dis-jusstcn with an
e.nployec in v;hlch he is givrn in i-lcction between leaving his
posltlcn voluntarily or f;'.ci;-,g charges looking tc-.-ards an adverse
action. Neither Is in irpropor for the agency to atte>Tipt to
influence the employee's decision by pointing out hc'.7 one of the
possible altermtivos i.ill be in his be^t intorcscs, as Icng as this
does not appo.-xr to be duress, i:it itiidation or deception."
(a -3) Ocr.otions
A de^rocion in either pay or rank (scntrs) , as stated later
in Secticn III, Chapter 3 of this lianual, is considered to be an
adverse action against th.e crployc-- if it is based en a decision of
an adinlni ^:trativc officer and is not part of a reduction in force
procedure. A reduction in rar.V. (L;;r;-ot ion) does net refer to the
cr-.ployt-c's grad-^ but rath.^r to !iis re-lative status or st.mdlng
in th.e agency's cr^ani/^at ional structure (status). As explain, >d
later in .Section III, Cha.itor 3 of this >-in;;3l, tii.> movement of
an c'pploycc froi.i one position to ai-.oth.jr v;ith loss status than tfsc
8981
■77-
onc previously held is grounds Cor an adverse action.
A reduction in pay (dcnotion) is also considered an adverse
action if it is a result of a decision of an acninis tra tiva officer
and not tlie result of a reduction in force procedure. It should
be noted tliat the tern pay refers to the employee's basic pay
and does not include differentials for hazardous work, overtixe
and iioliday work.
(a -A) Renss jgnrr.ents
A mass ignrr.ont i." the niover.ent of an enployce, while serving
continuously within an agency, froi:i ona position to another without
promotion or ceriotion. In this Mirual •.-.•e have u.3cd the terns
reassi>;nmcnt and trariSier Lntorchiingcably although they are not
defined as the sr.ir.e by the Civil Service Con-.-nis Jion.
An eT.ployao serving in a car!;er appoiiitn.jnt tp^Ty be reassigned
to another poslticn for ';hirh he qualifies on a norccmpct itive
basis. Gcc;;raphical ror.ssij^nn-.ents arc frequently used as a hopeful
removal technique and those are outlined in Section III, Chapter 3
of tills ;-bnual,
b^, r:..-\i2i\ r.KzcViivL AS^•!:GN:^^:T5 - cea
As seated previously, an cr'.ployce serving in a caret-r executive assign.-.cnt
is a TT-roer e;r.ployc.e •■.'ith career tonu>-o if he has co-plctod, or is excepted
fron, the service requircrent for career tenure. If he li.-is not ccT.plcted,
or is excepted fron, the service rcquirefont for career tenure, he is
considjrcd a career-conditional OK^ployee.
There is no "exanina t ion" per se for career executive assignncnts,
but there is a so-called "merit system". All chose currently
er,;ploycd in tlic Federal Government at grade GS-15 and higher, and
8982
-78-
all th.ose persons rnLcd eligible for GS-15, fill out special forms
nnrl rhen are placed ir. the "l-x:cutive Invcr\Ccry" of the Civil
Service Com-ni<;s ion . Upon a roquer.t from a Dcvartrent or Agency,
ncci---janied by the a]r,->ropria te job description and selective criteria
forir:, a panel is ccnvcncd, an executive inventory is "spun" in the
sar-c tnannor that they "spin the register" for nid-lovel and senior
level positions. The three candidates receiving the highest rating
acccfding to the selocticn criteria arc then certified to the agency.
This system is as devoid of tr.erit as the san'2 system is for mid-
level and senior level poiitlons. The satr.e gar.-.os arc being played.
Iic«'e/cr, the Civil Service Ccir-Tiis-sion had made this ballga;r.a even
taoro v^ide open. l^aay Dcp,-rf:'or.cs «r.d Agencies have been dologatcd
the authc-rity by the Civil Service Crr.M'i:;sion to foiT. F.xecutivo
Hanpi;.^"ec Boards and ccnduct tl;j vholc panol and rating process x-igl>t
witiUa the DopavcTr:'.'-.;t or Agency. Xh.i only caveat is that the
Co.— .vssion retains thr rig;ii: to certify tho selectee that er.icrgcs
froa your 0? .^ar truer. c or A-;-.>.;cy 's process as eligible for the pesiticn
and grade to '-.hich he is bei'n; nppointei . If your !>cpartr.v:ni: cv
Age.-.cy is iio:- curr'.';-.i:ly takin;; advantage of tlii,-, cnvte blanclie
it ought to do so i..:-.ncdlatsly.
(b-2) Rcrr..v-a
All of the piotectieas available to car?cr and career-coudi t Lonal
•Tppointnonrs apply to the crplryce serving in a career executive
ass Lg.i-:ep.i; follo-->;.rg tiie c^r-ple tirn of his probationary period,
CrAs r.ay only be rc/ove-l for tiu- iaiT^e re::sns a.'^ career or carcor-
co;-.dit ion.il a;>paintccs in tlie General Schedule and th.o sane adverse
action procedures apply.
8983
(b-3) Doinntjons
An cmployco serving in a career oxoc-utive n.>sijinncnt i?..-iy bo
donoced within the sane agency by appointing bin to another CEA
at a low^r grade following approval of the Civil Service Cottmiss ion.
This probably i,-ould be considered an adverse action against tlie
employee.
(b-A') Re.-issi<;nr.cnt
An enployee serving in a career executive as.'^ifjnwont niay be
reassigned to another career executive assigr.mcnt in the same
dcpartT.ont without pronotion or der'Oticn subject to the prior
approval of the Civil Service Cor.mission.
(b-5) . Prcrotion
An employee serving in a career exccv.tivc assignment nay be
promoted to another career executive assignr.^.nt at a highsr grade
subject to tlic prior approval of t!io Civil Service Coi.vaission and
the tine-in-grade requirc:".cnts of t'ne Vhittcn Ai,:cnd(r.cnt .
f;.s APi'-Hrri-Ma^'TS
r.-?.-idcrirlnl Ai-;;.^Inl-r?nt- Roc'iirin-; Scn-.to Conf iv:TT. tion - PAS
F.n-.ploycc; serving in PAS positinns do not .-.cqnire competitive
(career) tenure. 1'h:')y serve at the pleasure of thi.: Pri'sidcnt unless,
by la;^, their tenure is Sjv.-c if ically stated to he different. Sctne
cxarrple.3 .jhere tenure is specifically defined is in the case of
Federal judges wlio are appointed for life, and U. S. Attorneys who
arc appointed for a perit!! of four years. Additionally, nost tr.etr.bcrc
of regulatory board: and cc-missiooi; (i'CC, ICC, F'CC , etc) have set
tcrr.ij ran;: in ; frr?p four to six years.
8984
-80-
(c-Q AripointP.Gnt
The appoinctnent procedure for Presidential appointees requiring
Senate conf irr.'at ion is outlined on Page 59 of this Manual.
(c-2) Royr.oval
Kxcept for impeachnent proceedings, the courts bave upheld
the right of a person who has received a tern ap[iointtncnt , which Is
PAS, not to be removed by the President prior to the completion of
his term. In practice, hc/evcr, most PAS Ccrn appointees have
resigned at the request of the President. The Suprer,;c Court has
ruled against cases where a Presidential appointee (PAS), who have
been removed, stated that since Senate confirmation were necessary
for their appointment, Ser.r.te cent innat ion was necessary for their
rer-,oval. Tlicre is no pvov;sic-i in clth.or th.c Constitution, or by
lav, -which go'. orally allc.-s th-.^ President to rrake temporary or
acting appointr-ents to PAS p.-sition, except in special instiincos
authori>:cd by Congress. T'p.ese instances have been almost wholly
limited to principal officers of net; agencies whose forcration has
been approved by Congress. I'xanples are EPA and ACTION where the
Rcor^ani/.ation Pis i specifically granti?d to the President pow-cr to
appoint poisons, already in the govern-ent, to serve in an acting
capacity, and to receive tlie renuneraticn and title specified for
the specific offices until such time as someone was nominated and
confirmed.
(c-3) Dernotions ,?nd Reassir.pren ts
PAS appointees arc rarely demoted in cither rank or pay in
our Kcdcra! Governnient . In cnses where the P'^y level of the
appointir.cnt is established by statute, it would be illegal to
attcn.pt to reduce it. In th.c case of rcassignncnts of PASs, a PAS
could be reassigned to an'-ithor PAS appoint-.nont within the same
Hcpartmcnt or ag<;ncy after ccnfimation of his nrnination by the
8985
-81-
Scnnto for the ncv; nosiclon. A Presidential nppointce (PAS)
could be renssifnod, after his resignation frcn Uia appointr-.cnt ,
to a non-!'AS within the sare dspartnont for which ho net the qual-
ifications. T'r.is would recuire voluntary action on his part.
(c-4) Pre ot ions
A PAS ir.ay receive a grade pronotion depending on the pay
level of his position and other factors. A Cabinet Secretary cannot
receive a grade pro.Tiotion in his position because the pay level of
the position is established by statute. The sar.o v;ould apply to
Under Secretaries and Assistant Secretaries. In order for one of
thera to rccciva a f.radc pro;.iotlon, the Executive Level Act v;ould
hi'.vo to be an-.o;idcJ by Cr>:K-r'.v;s and their assigr.-.ent u;>;:;radoH.
(See Kxoc'Jtive Levels , Section II). However, a PAS whose pay level
is in the General ScheJiilc (GS) r.-ay receive a grade pro(r;Otion if
1) the level ot hi'; poaiirion is not osfcablisiicJ by stat'ite, and
2) subject to the provisions of the I'hitten AncndncnC
Katurrlly, a PAS r.ay be prcT.otcd by beln?; appointed to another
PAS po;;iticn at a hij;her j;racic level upon conf irc-ation of his notnin-
ati'in for this position by the Scn;ite,
?r :■ '.Idcntial An^oirit-ront '.'.oq-jlri'ir; :-'2hite' Cor.f irr^nticn -' " -^ ■-
'A- .■•.■C'jr.!i /.ppoinr-^tit - :'A5-K
(d-1) Appointtnont
Tliese appointments, as stated previously, ca;i be made by a
President during tlir; recess of th'> Senate. The indivdual is then
copTTiissioncd durin;» the oxi;;tin;.; sc^;sion of the Senate and throi-gh
their entire next session even if that saxrc individual is concurrently
nopiinntcd to the Senate and they choose not to ccnfirtn hi'n. He still
8986
-82-
rctains his office and co-^j-iission for the seated period of time.
Thin has, in fact, l.app-'ned . Recently, the Hresident gave a recess
appointncnt to three jud^;cs on the D. C, Court of Appeals. >Io
then submitted those snine three persons for rc;;ular PAS appointr.'ents .
The Senate refused to confirm fjo of them and proceeded to confirm
only one of then. Nonetheless, the other two continued in office
under the recess appointn^ent . Many months later the Senate changed
its mind and confirn-.o.d the other two.
Congress has, however, seeing the possible abuses that can be
nade of this particular authority, placed seme financial constraints
on th.e ability of th.e (-nccitivc to pay such recess appointees. The
restraints do not li;nt his a".::hor ity to hold office or lo cxercir-c
^■y authority of that orfice, hi:*: on] ii_h i.:s ability to rncoivo a pay
check. A recess appointee v:ili not be paid unless 1) the position
to which he vas appointed becnre vacant vith.in 30 days of the recess,
or 2) the President has subxitted a norrlnec vho has been denied
confirmation v;ii;}iin 30 days c[ the recess, or 3) the I'rcsldeni:
within 30 days of the recess his no.r.ina.tcd scr-.oone otiiev than the
person being appointed by recess appointment.
(a -2) Re:roval
Rcir.oval of a Presidential appointee (PAS-R) is acconiplisb.ed
in the same fashion as for PAS, by the President requesting the
appointee's resignation. In the case of a recess appointncnt of a
Presidential appointee, however, if sorrioonc else is nominated and
confirr.od by the Soii^te, or iic is not no.^innt.'d. by the end of the
period of tine specified for hin to hold his appointment by
recess appointn-cnt , his cox.nins ion auto-i.-.t ical ly expires.
8987
-83-
c . Prcsii^oritial Appotntoos - PA
(c-1) Appolntr!;r.t .ard Re rnov.nl
Prosidential nppointces are those officials appointed to
positions dcsign-itcd by an Act of Congress or by F:xeoutive Order
of the President as positions filled by appointment of the
President, As in the case of Presidential appointr-.ents requiring
Senate conf Irnaticn, a PA serves at the pleasure of the President.
A Presidential appointee ruiy be removed fron hl.s position by the
President requesting his resignation.
(e-2) Dcn'otior.s ■ Renssienr^cats . Prcnotions
Generally tho samo api)lic:s to PAs as would PASs with regard
to de-.r.ot ions , reass i.^n" o;its , and promotions ex-cli;ding the
rcauirn.-.-.^nt for nomlr.- t-.on r.o and conf in-natioii by the Senate.
f • A-;7i:'i ntrL:nt F.efjuirin^ Approval of t'r.e Prcsin.-;nt -A?
Tl-,eso appointrrcnty have been vested in the Head:; of Departments
but must be, by law or Hxcoutive Ordor, approved by the PreFidcnt.
Such appoinUr.-.cnts •.-.•ay no cite. or career or r.on-oarccr. The tenure
of this appoiiitii'.ent if non-career would be at tl-.c pleasure of the
i)epartt7ent or Agency Kcad. If career, the sr.r.c rules that govern
career and career-conditional appointir.ent;; apply.
8 • '■— --ireer V'xceutivo A^signmort - :-i-\
A ncncarocr executive ai.-.; ignru-;nt is excepted from the career service
due- to tiie incuiT^bcnt 's ir.volvencnt in Atir.ilnistration progra:ns, policy-raking,
ori'l the existence of a close pcr.':on.il relationship vith his supervisor. A
person in a noncarcer executive ar.sigmrent serves primarily at the pleasure of
the appoincing authority. He does net acquire competitive status during
his service.
-818 O 74 -pt.l9
8988
-34-
(p-T) ■■•.ppointrT'rint
Like Sclicclule Cs there nro not conpc ;;i t i*.'C- risquirenents,
Htrt;cvor, unlike ^Jchcdiilc Cs the selectee cannot be appointed until
and unless his papers nre sent to tho Civil Service Cox-Tilssion and
they certify him as eligible for the grat!e and position to which you
are .appointing him. As a natter of practice the only real rcquirc-
trcnt for eligibility is that his salary at any pcrio'' in recent
years come within a few thousand dollars of the pay for the position
to uhich ho is being appointed. N'otg: The CoTmiission is very
strict on this point. They will not allow, for cxa.nple, the
appointnant to an KfL\ G^-18 (536,000 per year) position sc.v.conc who
had r.ido undor 330,000. It you have th.at problc;:^ it is better to
try .-.r.d appoint that feller..' to an "Executive Ljvol V at $36,000
over v.'htch the; Civil Service Cf-mission has v.o jurisdiction.
(g-2) Rcir.oval
A person in a nor.carecr cxrcutivc a?5i;;r.rer.t nay be i^cnovcd
fron that position wlicnevcr it is determined tiiat 1) his personal
qualifications for thn pc-sitioa arc not a'.'aqu.iuc , 2) the relationship
rcquircii for the assign.iicnt h.as charjjcd cr coascd to exist, 3) the
Civil !Jervii:o Ccn-i-nission has revoked the authority to except the
position. Generally, eniplcyoes in such pc^itio;is have no appeal
rights regarding such removal and r.ay be rrviovod at any time. There
are no written notice rci;i:ircii..:r.ts for such v-'.ctic-.i, although brief
written notice is customnrily plvon. In the c;ise of a veteran
scvvinr; ia an i-'KA position, ho nust be given 30 dayi; written notice
of his intended removal and the notice ni.if;t ?tato that t!ie removal
is fi^r 1) innJoquaco co-.uiuct or job per f ornsncc or 2) due to a lack
of personal confidcncf in the employee by the a;v,>ointing c?fficer.
8989
-85-
(p,-'!) Dc-otton
An er-;Uoyec serving in a noncarecr executive assignment can
be reduced in rank and/or compensation by his appointment to a
different N'H'\ at a lover grade. Such action requires the prior
approval of the Civil Service Cornmission .
(g-A) RoassiRnnont
An employee serving in a noncaroer executive assignnent may
be reassigned to another noncaresr executive assignTreat v/ithin the
sar-.Q agency upon prior approval of the Civil Service Conrnission,
(n-5) Pri'nobion
An employee serving in a noncareer excciitive assignment may be
pro.T.ctcd to another n'JL-.cnreer e>:ocuti\-e ar,;;ignir.ent for which he
qualifies upon the approval of the Civil Service Cor.-missicn and
vithin the req-.iire;.-:onts established by the Whit ten Arr.eiidment .
h. L:-itcd Er-.ecutivo Assiqr.rcnt - Lr:A
As defined previously, a LVA is an appointrr.ent at the C3-16, 17 or 13
level in the conpctitive service not subject to r.iorit staffing procedures
and vjiiich is limited in tenure frcrn en? to five years. Tiiis type of appcintrient
i3 pr-.S'. 'c-.bly authori^icd for positions to be of short duration or i;hin the
agency e3 tablishc; an unusual need that cannot be adeo.uately mot ur.dor the
proccd res required for a career executive assign;:-ont .
D-c to the intended short duration of tin's type of appcintr.ant , an employee
serving in a limited executive assignment does net acquire career status or
tenure. He does aci-(uire competitive (career) status and tenure if his
appolntmop.t is subsequently changed to that of a career executive assiftnncut
w!iich can be done at the end of one year.
(h-1) Appointm.:'i-t
A person iray be appointed to a I.!'-^ upon approval of tlie appoint-
ment by the Civil Service Comission.
8990
(h-2) R..r-ov.il
An er.ployte serving; in c linitcu exec.itivL- ;'.:;:; ignTnont r^ay be
rcr-ovid by an appoi;iting officer when he decides tliat I) the purpose
of thy assij^aiient; tins beon ci:'r:plctcd or, 2) conditions warrant
discontir.uance of the assignrnent. Tlie employee dees not adverse
action protection frow removal.
(h-3) Pr.'TCtirn. .'^c-xotion rr..'. Kc-JStii j'nmcnt
An cxpioycG serving in a linitcd executive as.sigr.ir.cnt is not
eligible for ir.ovor.!;nt to another assigr^TienC during his period of
aupointr.ent ur.dcr a lii-lted executive assijinrncnt .
i . .Schod-.;'t.o C A:.)Poir.i:ni;nrs
Schcd'jlt; C a;ipci:it.:-£nts arc e.-:cop">id fc);,! the career service based on
Ch.e r'f''i'''^ tf;at :;uch positions l.-ivr- policy dctcrir.lr.ing rcspcnsibilities
or bc.ir a cur.f Idrnt ial roln tfoiiuhip to i: key pol i.cy-r-.iUinv; appoir.tcc.
Schcd,lo C appointors do n.it acc'jirj career status ay a result of their
service .-iml generally serve at cha plc-:.'.ure of the appointing .authority.
Si.ojld you wi;ih to rictermir.c hov rriny -Scliedule C autho-ities have been
authcvized by tho Civil icrvico Corr.isslcn to your Dcpnrtr.;ont or agency, you
c.v.i consult the V.jd'sral Rcgisi.or. A cs-plete listir.g of all Schedule A, B,
.".r.d C ;'.:t'uorltics isGu<;d to LT.cii "Ocp.-ir -i-^ont or at;cncy is publish.jd once a
year ir. tho Fedor.-il Register.
ii^t) Arr'ointrrent
Custon.-rily tho appoint.- -.riit of a person to a Schedule C position
foUc-.-'s cither the eligibility stand.irds of th,? Civil Service Con:mispiO!
for rarecr pc'si tion:' cr dicp ■; r i :'.ont il or a;;ency drafted r.tandards .
The r.t;-ndards of the ;i;.;ciicy iir dcpartnent r.;ay bo as restrictive
cr as hrt.id as they uish to rake thc>n. Wore it not for this general
provision, you couid appoint any person to any level Scliudulo C
pcsition regarc-lcsr. of rhoir nal 1 f icat lens .
8991
-87-
(i-2) Ret^oval,
Those Gcvvin;; in Schcn:!' C p3sirlcns n.-.y bo r>-,T..-vccl nr any ti-.c
from their positions by the anprcprinco appoii-.titi? authority. With
the exceptior of vcterar,s who rust receive 30 d.-yM written notice
rey.irdin?, their removal, thcri? are no rules rcr,.irair.:; the na^^ou:it
or type of notice necessary for removal.
(1-3') Dec.otion
A person servinij in a Schedule C position i-ay be demoted in
rank (status) or pay -.^ithcut the protection of the adverso action
procedure. Uovavcr, such a d;rotion ia. pay v.-ould be dependent on
factors dotcnnlned by tha particular pay level in qac:-.tion. It is
possible to have a up.v.co. in a Sch.cdulc C ap;:oint«tr.t -Jho is paid
at nn K;<ocutlvo Level. If th- po.Utioi-; is cstahli.shr.d by the
Er^oc^^tivo Level Act at a spc>:iHc l-r;cl, the p- rscn c;ccupyi:ig the
position cnnnot be d-r-otod tu -, lessor ^^radc than th/it established
by statute for it with--.ut C'^n.:;re:js ional action. If the position
Is a Schedule C a-pojnf-ont i-aid at an Ex.:cutivc Level which is
not statutciUy e.itabU/;hcd . chon th:. appoinleo conld be der^otcd
to a lower L.^erutive I/;vcl if such an ::::ocut;ve Level is available.
If a Schedule C .-ippoini:[r?nt is in the C-ener.il Schedule psy level
then a Schedule C ni-poin:oe cculd be dewoted to a lesser grade or
a position of Iciicv status.
aj^A)__R cn^s irr£ ^£nr s.
ReassiPi'.-.cnts of Schedule C appointees froa one Schedule C
authority to mother, without a chai-^;c in rA'r^-'^, ^-'y ^e <^r.i\o if
1) there is anithor position author i.-ed to be Schedule C and 2)
It is at the sane pay level. Thus, a person serving; in a Schedule
C
loinf.ent at the Ky.ecutivo Level IV pay level could cnly bo
8992
ronssip.r.r-d if another position existed at F-xccvitive I-evcl IV which
was excepted by the Civil Service Ccnnissti-n u;ider Schedule C
authority. If one of these two criteria do nor. exist, the employee
cannot be reassigned. 'iiic saine is true at the GS-15 and bclov
levels .
(i-5) Pror-.otions
Promotions of Schedule C appointees who are paic' under the
General Schedule (CS) are subject to the provisions of the '■■•'hitten
Ariondrr.ent and thus can only be pronoted once within a 52 week period.
If this aivf^in^ce is not being prcnotcd to am^thor position, the
current position can be reclassified and a now Schedule C aatliority
obtlinod for it by th 2 Civil Sc'i'vice Ccrnrniss '.on.
l'ro:?.otions of .Scb.. (U-.le C appointees in the Kxocutlvc Level
pay levels are dependent upon the existence of a higher F.xecutlva
Level allocntlcn to bo prcr.-ot s) into. If this dees not exist, the
appointee cnnno*: bo pvo-ottrd,
;• d u ' ,: A appo • n t -.? n ': s
Aj defined prc'.iously, a Schedule A a.-pointn-ent is one vhich is excepted
fro;n t-e coi^pet i tivc (career) service by ch;^ Civil Service Comiission on the
groL-.ndi that it is Inipr.u: tlcal to exanino candidates for such positions. As
rontif- -i earlier, Sch.:d'jlc A po-.iticns are used most frcCjU ontly for the
c.Tploy- :;-;t of attorneys. Schedi.-.le A ;;uL!icr itics arc also used for th;^ hiring
of thj pliysically handicapped, xcntally retardi-d, and a host of other special
cases.
(i-1) Appr- in_tT_or,t
The auth.ority to appoint person; to position:; excepted fr<vi
the ccr.-.pctitivc scrvicj by CSC action under Scliedulc A has generally
been dclf-gatcd to tlie i'j];artrr; nts and aj^encics. Agencies may
appoint persons directly to S'jch positions Nfthout prior CSC
approval .
8993
(;-2) Re-wnl
Generally, Schccinle A a-jippintccs do not have nny of the
prntecticr.s against adverse actions that n career or carcer-
coaditicnal appointee \'.,\s. I'ncir tenuru is pretty much at the
pleasure of the appointing officer although in some departments,
departtr.ental regulations have been promulgated giving Schedule A
er.ployecs in those oepartr,;cnts the protections against adverse
actions, Tiic exccpticn to this is in ti-.e case of a veteran who
has co:rplcted ore year of continuous service in his position.
In this co.S'i , ho would h.ivc to receive a n^inimun of 30 days
written no'.ico of the i-Ttanticn to ror'.ovc hin. He has the
protection of ad-.'Cirso .-ic :.i'-Ki prcccJcrea . A votora;-. who has
not served for one yc.ir in his piisition does not h^ive such
protections ,
(j-3) Pro;"tlonn. b ■--■t ^rn;: ^\nd r;on^::;r-;-::'nt:i
The sa.-ns general pr:>v:3 iras ai'ply to Sciiudule A ar.pointccs
as apply to Schedule C app-i.ntoe3 ro^ardii-.p; pronoticn, deK'.oticn,
and rc.jssiiin.isat.
iule B Appointronts
A Schedule B appointment is cni which is excepted fro.i the con^pctltivc
(carer) service by the Civil Service Cor.aission on the basis that it is
not r.v* : ticablc to hold cc-.r-.p^t it i vc examinations for such positions. N'on
ccT-pctitive cxanitv" t ions may be ri^qjired . As Rcnticnod previously, Scliedule
B ar.thof ities have been used pri; irily for the appointr.ic-nt of pcrsi^ns to
nc'v positions fo:; v'.-iich there arc n->t c lassi ficatJ on s i ;'ndard;; . Ad<' it if nally ,
:<c;icd'.iIo B aiJtliorit let; are sorot iir.cs iisc<I to fill positions v;licre the nature
8994
-90-
of ttiL' position is sucli that it is fillofi nost adrantapeously by a person
ire-? .-{ specific rncinl or soc io-cjl tvir.il back.'^round whc^ might rot rr.cet the
cc:-petitivc standards of the career civil ser^.'icc systc^n. For example, the
Social Secuvicy Aduin is trat ion may hire, under Schedule B autfiority, up to
three claiins exaniners in Arizona who nust h.ivc 1/4 Indian blood,
(k-1) Appointrent
The authority to appoint persons to positions excepted under
Schedule B fron the co-ipetitivc service by tl\e Civil Service
Corr-.nission has generally been del ;gated to the Doparttneiits and
Agencies. Agencies rr.ay appoint perdons directly to such positions
\;ithout prior CSC approval.
Xk_- 2_)_ Rcr.oval
G.Miernlly, Sciv:;diilc B oppvintces do not Iiave any of the
protections again.it adverse actions tha!: a career or career-cor.ditional
appoi-icoo '.vould have. Tb.cir t=:nure is pretty ruch at the pleasure
of tiie appointing officer. Tiie exception to this is in the c.isc
of a veteran v.-i-.o has completed one year of continuous service
in his position. lie nr.ist bo p.iven a rnini.T.U'n of 30 days written
notice of the intension to rcnove hin and has the protection of
adverse action procedures. A vetorni\ './ho has not served in his
position for one year docs not iiave tlie protections of the adverse
action procedures.
('r-.-3) Froriot ion, Do""ition. and jicasjsj. j^nmcnt
Generally the saro procedures iipply to Schedule C appointees
with regard to prov:oticn, denot ion and rcnss iv.nrncnt as apply to
Schedule C appointees.
8995
SECTION III ORC.>:iZ.\TIOr:AL AND RF.0RCA?:TZATI0KAT. TECHr.'IQUKS IN AID OF THE
Pc^^jON'-C^L PROCr:SS
JL;^ B-j:x;r.T AtJD SLOTS
In order to understand the techniques used in organizing and reorganizing
conponent parts of a Dopartront, or Agency, in order to acliicve personnel
objectives, one must understand tlireo fundamental areas. One would be the
rules and regulations covering the governnent personnel and pay systems. These
have been treated in Section II of this >tanual. The other two pieces of the
puzzle are the personnel ceiling (slots) available, and the funds (salaries and
expenses) available.
a ■ SLOTS
The personnel ceiling for a Departnont or Agency is set by the
Office of M-inagcnont and Budget, ur.iuvlly during the budget process.
Because slots are so closely tied to the money necessary to pay incumbents
filling then, the two are usually equated. This is a fundnr. ontal nistakc.
There is a conT.-non miGconcept ion that Congress, by law, through thci appro-
priation procei^s, sets the incrc;nuntal ceilings for the cotrponent parts
of a Dcpartrcnt or Agency. Though bucigct exaninaticns and ccr^nittee
reports often use th.e personnel ceilings, their grades, and acccripanyl.ng
expenses as backup infornvition justifying an appropriation, the appvoprl-
ntions acts themselves (and thus the law) siir.ply gives to a Department,
or Agency, sums of money for a given program or, in seme cases, program
dollars and salary and oxpense money.
The Office of Managotr-.ant and Budget (0;iU) , however, has imposed an
Ad.ninistration-wldo ceiling on the iiL-r-bcr of pcrs-ms to be er.ployed in
the Executive Branch, and thuj rations out ceilings to each Department
and Agency. In turn, each Dcpart~.ont or Agency then rati.T.s lut personnel
ceilings to its co.nponent parts.
8996
-92-
It is inportnnt to Vtcep in r-ind th.ic the nlloc.-ition of a personnel
ceilii-:g (slott) is titat miJ no mare. A pcrjonnol ceiling (slots) is the
authorization to the fi^par tment , or Agency, and its ccnponcnt parts there-
after, v;itb respect to the total nunbor of people that can be employed
witi'.oiit rcp;ard to the type of appointment, pay schedule or level.
Once having received the 3 lots, it is through the personnel process
(classification and dstcrraining whether cr not to fill a position on a
career or noncareer basis) that a position acquires its status, pay level,
and pay system. (See Chapter II).
NOTE: The porscnnel ceiling (slots) system is a hangover from
th^ Johnson AciT.ini.straticn. upon assuning the Presidency in 196^,
the Johr.;icn Ad.-.i'.ii.-jt ration prciicicd over a dramatic increase in
Fcdor.-il eir.ployir.er.t -- layering into the bureaus the faithful. In
1965 Jchnscn offered loj-i-l.it ion. vhich Congress passed, called
tb.c Revenue ^expenditure Control Act. It required the Ertecutive
3r.-ir.ch of Govornv.enc to rcdico itself in size to the level of
employTicnt in fact existing in 1966. The cosmetic public theory
behind the Act Xvjs that tl.c reduction of and stabilization of, a
pevscniiol ceiling for tli.? ICxccutivc Dranch. uculd first cut, and
tlien stabilir.o. Federal expenditures connected v;lth pcrscnrvsl costs.
The real r.otivc, hcv/ever. was that having layered in the faithful
for a period of f.o years, he could u;;c that Act to reduce the
personnel in the Federal Government. Not being a ncn-political
President, 1 think i.e can be certain that those who exited generally,
wore as carefully selected as those who entered. That Act, of course
v/as fcpe.ilcd by Ccngross in 19f>9.
8997
-93-
In fact, the Revenue Expenditure Control Act saved no r.oney
at all, but rather i:Tcrcased Kcdcral expenditures. For what the
Johnson Administration sinply did after passage of that Act was to
see to it that "fricndly"consult ing firms began to spring up, founded
and staffed by p.any forr-er Johnson and Kennedy Administration
eir.ployees. They then received fat contracts to perform functions
previously performed within the Government by Federal employees.
The coiimerical costs, naturally, exceeded the personnel costs they
replaced. Examples of such firms might be TransCcntury Corporation
form.cd on behalf of the Peace Corps, and Volt Tech forr-ed on behalf
of the Office of Ecoaomic Opportunity.
^ The 0MB, none-thc-loss , persists v;ith the personnel celling
(slots) systc::!, ever faithful to the Democratic majority in Congress
with whom the bureaucrats of the OMo (and its predecessors) have
tvorked for 36 of the past 'tO years. It's only effect is to impose
on the Departments ar.d Agencies an artificial restraint, beyond the
budgetary restraints, that need not exist.
Most Departments or Agencies continue to get around the systcta
ar.>-y;ay. The ceilings are counted by the CMS annually, by looking at the
Departmint's en^plo>—,ent during the last pay period in tlio fiscal year
(J_ne) . Departments have been kno.;n to have employees resign as of the
first pay period in Juno only to be rchirod in the first pay period in
July. Another technique is to hire full-time consultants, for whom a time
card is not submitted in the last pay period in June, with a time card
being subraittcd again beginning with the first pay period in July. The
0MB has tried to clamp down on this practice by reducing the amount of
money available to the Department from that appropriated by Congress
(freezing funds) commensurate with th.e ceilings they have allocated to
8998
-94-
tl'.c n •p.ircnent , as op;josrd to the mii-.bcr of pcrsonr; e.-nploycd that the
.-ipvropr intion frrn Congress night lu'.'port. But trost agencies have ROtton.
nroi;nd chat by listing the cnplomcnt of certain persons, nnd more generally
connul tnnts , as progrritn expenses i-athcr than ns a salary expense and find
the nccess.iry funds from proj;rar:i dollars instead of that appropriated
for salaries and expenses. And then the Dcparttrcnts, out of prc^ran funds,
continue Co contract out to ccnsjlting firms work wliich can be more
eccnCTiically done in-house because of the manpcwer restraints. Unfortunately
many of the contracts still go to the san-.e fimi that sprang up during
the 19605.
h. nUC-GET
Congress appropriates funds through what is called an Appticprtntlcn
bill. An approovintion bill >nay ii:cludc several Dcpart-.r.onts or Agencies
vithin it. For instance, there is a single appropriation bill for HEW,
Labor and OKO. i.'itiiin the apprcpriaticn bill, Congress establishes
arriro'^riation nccciints. An anprcy'vintion account night be a single account
for a whole agency, or more likely several appropriation accounts within
a given agency. V/ithin each appropriation account there arc siiborganiza-
tional breakouts called liue itcr.is.
Congress, itself, generally d.iterniincs how ruany accounts, and which
acccviats, will be grouped into a single appropriation bill. However,
Congress generally follcws tlie OMj's direction when determining what
organizational units will comprise an appropriation account, and those
suborganizat ioncil ccpiprncnts that will comprise the lino itcrrs of an
appropriation account .
Tiie bud;;ct process st.irts within the Department or Agency. Each
component part of the Dcpnrtr.cnt , or Agency, will begin to svibnit in
8999
-95-
Septc::bcr ics budget estimates for the fiscal year to begin the next
July. Tl'.ij r.i.',^,;.2t Tirc-ctor of the De; p.rtmcnt .or <\;;cncy , will tlicn generally
holu his cv.'ii b.enrin-^s and reviews (hopefully with strong guidance and
Sopcrvision by the Cabinet officer cc agency l-.ead) and put together a
proposed b'jdgct cstir^ite for the Doparnnont or Agancy. The Dcpartr.ent,
or Agency's, proposed budget estimate will then be submitted to the OHB
by l.ito October or e.^rly Mover.bcr. The 0>B then makes its reviews and
puts to'^other its budget estin-.atc for the Exccuti'.e Branch of gcvernn^cnt.
by D-ccrr.bcr. It is usually in that month that the 0:3 inCorrnr, cacli
Deparcment, or Agency, of hew much of thoir propcscd budget estimate
will be contained iii the proposed budget subnittcd by the President to
Congress. In January of each year tlie President subnilts his budget to
th<. Congress. The lloii'jc of Hcpr-.:.~ont.= t i'.cs th:rn refers the budget tc
the .'.I'propriatiodS Cor.r'.ittcc •■vliich, in turn thea parcels out the pieces
of t!'.e budget to its subco-.r.itcocs . T;-.;rc are tl.irtccn Eubcccimittoes ,
e.ich having jurisidction over th-: budget of one or mere depar tr-.cnts . It
is those subcoir.nlttces that, by r.nc large, datorrrine v/hat in fact you
wili receive in the way of appr^'.^r ! at io-.s . It i;; a rare in^t:;incc wl-.en the
ful". House Appropriat j ens C o.i ta i c t i e , if it even r\'rr:al.ly n'cets, does not
rub'.-sr starp its s:;bcor.iir,ittoo 's recc:rr;ciidaticr.3 . It is also a rare instance
\;her. the full House of Repveccncat ivos 6c<:S not go along with t'no subccrtpic-
tce. It is becoming less rare todiy for the Senate to follcw the liciisc
S'.r.;rrnltte.j'3 lead, though th.> general rule still prevails that whatever
the House suucomt'. it toe rrnorts will bo enacted by both the I'.ous:; and
Solvate.
I'poa receipt of the O.ur/s subr^itf.sion the it.nise subcor:-.-.:ittce on
npprnjr int ions (/-ill then hole li-.-ir ings , solicit infon.ation, and "nark up"
youi Ucpartrent cr Agency's ap.nopr iacion. 'vh.it that r.,ans is that they
9000
06-
vlll rcci.imn;:r.d the .nppropr lacion for a certain anocnt cf fi:nds for your
Dr.parcment , or Ar.tncy, snd brcal; tb.osc siir.s up into the varioiis appropri-
ation accounts and line itcr^s. The subcommittee reports are extensively
detailed with cvidcnciary matters, such as grade levels, number of positions,
v.'nich led then to the eventual dollar conclusion upon vhich they based
their appropriation. But contrary to what tlie bureaucrats will tell you,
such corr^Tiltteo backup inforration has only moral persuasion effect, not
the force of law.
The subcommittee 's''mark up", engrossed into an appropriation bill,
then proceeds to be voted on by the full ComiTiittce and tha House of
Heprcscntatives.
By custon, all appropriations bo.^in in the Hovso. Once the House has
acted til? sa-pj process then begins in the .Senate culminating in a Senate
pas-jcd version of the apprcpr iatioris act. Again it is a subcoir^nlttee of
the Senate Appropriations C^LT.r.iittie tl-.at is of the r.^ost vital itrportance.
t.hcre there arc differences bof.-cci'. tho Seu.aic and House versions, the
bill goes to a "ConferoncG CoMmitt(;e" ccmposcd of ranking srcfnbevs of the
Sen-.tc and House subcc— nit toes on appropriations having Jurisdiction over
ycur Oepartrent or Agency. They ti-.cn hatrr.-.or out the differences and
achieve a co;..pro-.:use- which will be passed by both houses. Since Conference
Cr-.r-ittees conduct their business in absolute secrecy, without h.cJrings or
tr-'r-scripts , it is an intriguing, and often vital political roruri, where an
rr-ropriation tray actually be decided in f.nct -- both subco.-init tees
having p.ai<l their political dues during the public hearings. The confcr-
e-.rc bill th.at cmes out of a Conference Ci>ir.::iittee cannot be arrended. It
iT'.f.t be voted citner up or do-n by bcth houses. It is no wonder then th.it
tho House anil Sc.vTte rarely If ever challenge the "rark up" of tlic
"c:>.i ferces". Since the conferees arc free to add or subtract anything they
w,-. ct to the appropriatic::s , thoje r.anking nicrbcrs on your subcocnittcc
9001
-97-
for .I'jprc^pri^vtinns hiva r.he .T>idcd clout of a second crack at ycur budget.
V;hr>tover act. cir.c-rgos L"rc.i. Con-ress is then f-cnC to th,- rrcsldont w!-.o
citlTcr signs it cr vetces it. Once .in apprcprintion act beccT^cs law the
funds arc then, thecrctical] y , aviilablc to your Department or Agency for
the fiscal year. llciJavor, to achieve fiscal tnanagomeat, the 0K3, on
behalf of 'ho President, then '.r.akcs an allocation of the funds appropriated
to your Dopartr.ent, or Agency, on a quarterly basis. Of course, they have
al;j"o assumed the pov.cr, throu-h the allocation process, to freeze a [lortion
of funds and thus reduce the ar-.ount of monies for your Oepartnent or
Agency's use. The allocaticr. Is broken down according; to the approuriation
accf--.i\-its,and the lino iter.';, that constitute your Ocpartncnt or Agency's
budgat.
Thro'.<shc5ut cur ci Iscussion of budget, I have undor lined the wordu
r.:-'-.vT:.^ri.ition nc conn:-. s .iL-.d tL;-.o itc-s. I do so because thf-rc are rules
attaciicd to each th.sc era ir.p ■rtant for the purpose cf ori-.anizing and
rcrrganizing. The Oopartncnt or Agor.cy hand can shift funds bctwoen
lir.c iter's wi fhi.n an appropriat ic^i account. But you cannot shift funds
h ' :v;en appropriation accoi-nts.
The setting; -jp of appropri.it ion accounts and line itctr.s can bccana
organizationally significant. Up until 1970, for c::.:r.plo , the career
A:-3istant Secrct-iry-Crjirptro! Icr of the Dop.-irtnent of Health, Kducation,
nr..' ■.•el fare (.md who had been appointed during the pr.^vious Administration)
h.-.d sot up separate appropriation accounts for each of clie najor bureaus
of th.-! Departn-cnt. Hci.ever, Vvlien it c.-ii:..-' to the "Office of the Secretary",
•.•!:icli cousist:s of the iT.xcdia.'.e Office of thu Secretary, the Under
Secretary, an<! the An:sistant Secretaries of Health, EJucilicn r-nd Welfare,
he conveniently set up t-Tny .iijpro'ir int [on accounts. There vas a single
9002
-03-
.Ti-.proprintlon nccount for hLs own office, the Office of trl-io Assistant
Se-jroLnry-C-— r,troUcr t-ihlcli va ;; a carctr offtcc. The Office of the
AssisCnrit Secretary, Atlnin LsCr.it ion (another cnrecr office), and its
ccnponor.t parts, were in another scjiarato appropriation account. Mear.vhllc
the I'-r^ediatc Office of the Secretary, the Ir-.nediate Office of the Under
Secretary, and the Offices of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and
£valiiatic;n , Le.^ir.laticn, Health and Scientific Affairs, and Corrr.unity
and Field Services v.-are lumped together as lino iter.5 in a single appro-
priaticr. account. Strangely enough Congress appropriated sufficient
funds to support 160 .Tdditioiial positions in the Assistant Sccretary-
CoivjtioTlcr "s shop, sufficient appropriations to support a small increase
la personnel in the Assistant Secretary, AdT.inis trat ion 's office, vh.ilc
cutting tha actual level of .i:-pr Dj.'riat ions for the support of personnel
in the ap:-->ropriation account v.h.ich contained the offices of the Adn-.inis-
traticn's political appointee:, as earlier d.;scribcd. The effect of ti.ac
vas to create disharnii;ny by pittir.s tin? Secretary, Under Secretary, and
c'vo several Assistant fccrotarios against one another, each trying to
r.ir.ir.u/.e the effect of the cuts on their line itcr^s budget. Tiie Assistant
S2crctary-Cor ptroller, who '..vis in charge of Con^ressioral relations with
regard to budget r.-atters, could not ease the situation by "sharing the
ver.Ith" of liis ne'; funding because it would have been illegal to shift
any increase in funding h.is office received in its separate appropriation
account to offset the cuts incurred in the separate ajrpropr iation account
thai contained the offices of our political appointees. Awakened to
this bureaucratic trick of t!io trade, tho Secrotar^ 's office changed ch.o
ne.-:t budget sub;;ii ss ic>n to include all the Assistant Secretaries, including
the Co-ptrollor and the Assistant Secretary for Adr.inistrat ion , into a
sir,:;lc appropriation account. Socchow the sare difficulties were never
again encountered.
9003
-99-
This dincourno on buc!;;c-L- sI:o;ild, if n.'thi;i;; else, im^jrcss you ap,ain
witr. the r.ccef.'Jity of injuring that those in pcrsitioii.s of responsibility
in those orgr.ni.TationG of your Departrr.ont , or Agency, who have the ror.pon-
sibility for tha financial nanageircnt of your Dcpartinont, or Agency, and
vho !T,i;st of necessity hava a strong rapport and an ongoing relatlonsliip
with the tr.etr.bcrs and staff of your subconnittee on npprcpr iaticns , be
loyal nc-bcrG of the Ad.-.ini strat ion tean. Through the p^nipulatioa of
n-.onsy and slots thoy can be of invaluable aid an.d/or create insurmountable
road blocks to the programs and goals of your Departr.ent or Agency.
2 . okga:;tmtio::at. nEL;\Tio>:3:iirs, T:-;r,i?. epfcct cm ct-\ssifjcatiom and DESiGKAxiot?
When sotting up c\\ organization, one wants to ccnten-.platc the effect the
organizatior.al chart a.v.l Citler, uill hive on tVx- grades ssaigned, and whether
or not the position will ba so doscri'j-d thr.t they can be dcsigviated as either
career or vion-carocr consistunt './ith th.? Officf! Ilc.i.i's desires.
Tb,.? best v.'ay tc c?.p!ain this process is by taking you through an exa.^'.plc.
Let us a^;sune that you have just been asked to set up the office of your
Assist^-vt: Secretary foi- Pl.'inninji and Evaluation. That Assistant Soci-etary is
an Ky.ec'j!: ivo Level IV. (Vou al'vays want to keep in mind budget and slots).
Assuming that you will v;ant to provide hin with an alter ego, you x^-ill set up
n positir.n called Deputy Assistanc Secretary at GS-18. iCTtieoia tcly you will
want t .1 rcir.exber to rcquust that the CS-13 bo a Koncarecr txecutivo Assignment.
You will do that basod on his invclvetnont in policy planning for the department,
his advocacy of the controversial aspects of Adninis tration policy, and his
c cnf id',-;i t ial relationship with a Presidential appoir.tcc.
You tiie!i plan to create three r.ajor subovganlzation.il units and minor
sub.^rg.-.n" national unit. Let us taki' tlic nir.or suborgani ;;at ional unit first.
Tb,e As:;isr;uit Secretary v.'ishos to have a po'-sonal staff section to handle his
vatters 'f budget, personnel, cr.'rresv)ondcncc , and speech writing. You have
32-618 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 27
9004
-100-
two choices in how you set tliat unit up. You caa call the head of that unit
an Ati:::i:iiiLr.--. tive Officer, or Adriin: str it i vo .'.ssistait to tl-e Assistant Secretary.
That title ar.d noTierc latrive '.-.■ill proha'niy nllwv a classification of h.is
position to be no high.er than CS-13 and thurpts that pojition into the career
service as a "housekeeping function." w'he.i the top position in an orranl;;a tional
unit is career, autorratically all those under it are not excepted ar.d remain
career. The other ranncr in which you can set up tha.t unit is to label that
person as the Executive Assistant to the Assistant; Sccrotavy, addin^. to his
jo') dj-;cription "tcrn-.s of art" like being able to represent the Assistant
Secretary on budget and ad-.inisiirat ivc rr.attcrs and er^phasizing his consultation
anr confidentiality of the rel;; ticnsh ip t.'ith the Assistant Sccvctaiy due to
sone involvcirent in pol icy-i-aking . That ';ill enable you to probably find his
pciitioe classified at the GS-13 cr CS-K, level and vouid r-.ake the position
iiorcareer . iiis subordir.ates can tiicn be called either research wi-itevs and
a!'..-.iais tra t ive officers or njs i ■■ tai! ts 'v.ilc;!, r-^.ila, uould thrust those positions
into th.e career service '.vith r,:id-leve' or lc-..'cr grades. Or, you can follow
th.c desired path by entitling then Conf id.-.atial Assistants to the Assistant;
Secretary, using the appropriate "terms of art" to describe policy involvcn-.ent
and a confidential relationship ■.-.■ith the Assistant Secretary, reporting directly
to trio Assistant Secretary, but '.;ith, the supervisien of the Hxecurivo Assistant,
and fini them all suddenly cla.ssified at GS-12 through 14 and e.'Cccpted under
Schedule C.
T,-.e saT.e holds true for your tlirce n'.ajor bureaus. Let us assume you
want to have cne pcrfon-.i the ta.sk of program pla.nning, one perform the task
of evaluation, an-i one pcrforn the ta.-;k of running your r.-.anagenont information
systeny upon viUch. your pla.-.ning and evaluaticn rely. Again, the three heads
of ti.ese units can be entitled "Oiroctor of tiie Office of r.valuatlon, Director
of th.c Oftlce of i'rograu Planning, and Director of the Office of Managerr.enC
Infor.r.ation Syste^rs." Thuir job d.;sc;r ijit ions can shv-w rather on-going functions.
9005
-101-
They will Chen probably be thrust into tlie career service with a ntninum
cl.Ts:; ; ficnt lc.:i. Or, vimj cnn entitle Llie tlirc-e "Deputy Ass is t.ant Secretary
for Policy ar.<i Pro.:;rar.'. Planning, I)e;:uty Assistant Secretary for Policy and
Pri-gr^-ri F.valuL- tion, and Piojvjty Assistant Secretary for Policy r.nd Prcj;ran
C'.-.: -.un icai irr.s" vith the appropriate "ter.xj of art" de-;cribe i>:;licy involwront
in the job descriptions, stressinf, a^;ain that confidential relationship with
thc^ Assistant Secretary with additic-n.il "ternis of art" describing their ability
to speak for the Assistant Secretary. Tliosc positions might easily then bccone
No-;carcer Kxecutive Asr, igna^nts at GS-16 and GS-17. Their subordinates,
de;''er.dip3 on the nu.nbcr you ^.r.nt to i-akc career or noncarecr, can be titled
Progra;- Analysts of Special Assis'jants to the Deputy Assistant Secretary,
recr-cr ively. ^;ach title cr.rri.-.:j ^4th it its o.'ii be.reaucra tic jar.^onescs w!:en
your frL.i'idly class i ficnt ion spccial'st d»-avs tip tb.e job de:-:cription , places
a grade tag en it, and in those case.; '..■'f'ere a position is to bo excepted,
justifies ch.e necessary appi icatio;; to the Civil Service Cor:.::ii4.s i<;n. Sei.io
ether - inor lilo's: Suppo^^e the Ajiistant Secrrtary has a pe.rsonal secretary
he u'ii'res to bi-ing iicvi thio govi^r:;,. eat at a pay rate equivale-.-,t to GS-12.
Accoreir;; to tl>i'- Civil Service Co-r-r.iri^-. ion classification s tar.-.iarcs , an />h;sC.
Soevata.-y , ivxoci-itivo T.evcl IV, is only entitled to a pei-sonal ;;ocrctary at
CS-10. You can valk all around the systsn by creating a position for Iier
called CnfidcnCial Assistant to the Assistant Secretary, shc.-in,^ she sits
in on :■ ■ lie y-;-'.^iking nectin^s (i.'r.ich she docs in order to take notes) and
givi;-.;- ;-.:.r th.e authority to speak fer tlic Assistant Secretary (•..'iiich anth-.n-ity
cusf e- ".ri ly :vor,l persona! secretaries not only assone but readily cxecato on
t'ne ph'.-[-e). This will not eniy ])er.^it her vo-.itior to be clas-:ified at the
GS-12 jr G'^-i3 level, hut due to the "teres of art" used, will ;;ive it the
noncarec^ characteristic? necessarv to have it exce^-^ted under Schedule C.
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3. 'rEC!;::To;;F:s for removal totouGH o;-xa;;iz.\tional or MWAcn^rNT puocnor
The Civil Service r.YStc:Pi crc.iUes ;-i..ny harcli-hips in trying to remove
un:!es iv;;ble e-.-.plcyees from their positions. Because of tlie rape of the career
r-evvicc by tl-.e Kennedy and Johnnon Administrations, ns dcscvibod in the
Introduction, this Ad.-.ninistratioa has been left n Icj-.aey of finding disloyalty
and obstruction at high levels while those incumbents rest cotr.fortably on
career civil service status. Political disloyalty and insinipa tico relation-
ships '..'ith the Administration, unfortunately, are not grounds for the retr.oval
or suspension of an employee. Career employees, as discussed in Chapter 2,
can only be dicr.isttd or otherv.-ise punished for direct disobedience of la-.-'Cul
orders, action.? which are tantn-;oi.int to the cor-iission ' of a crino, and v;ell
dccun-entcd and provable inccrripe ten;o . (See FFII Scctior; 752). Even if ycu
fellc- tht tir.e coasi'-^'.in;} process of dcc;;rTcnt in^ a case to proceed ^.'ith an
.r,dv;rr:;e action, tlie a'r.'.iniscrac Lve and lo;^al process is sit-; and lengthy and
5,rcat da-a^;o can nccruo to tl'.e rj-^pnr C.--;iic i.'"icr ^'-^ your sncc^-nsful conclusion
of ycur case. However, chore arc several ccch.niques vhich can he designed,
ca>-eiu'.ly, to skirt around the ad'.crsc action proceedings. One r^ust always =
boar in r.ir.d the fo ll'i.jirg rules. The reduction of "a p-erson to a position
of if.-;cv status and/or grade is cons ide.-ed an. adverse action u-hlch necessitates
forral procoedings. Secondly, an adninis tra t ive or pdnagci.-.-:;nt decision
ciinnot be based on tlic political background or persuasion of an individual,
h.is racr, sex, religion or national origin.
a^_. I nd. i vidua 1 T-- c h n i q u.; s .
ir\-l) 'r'r.-.ital Assault ' _ .
You sinply call ar. individual in ;;nc? tell bin be is no longer
vantod, that > cm ' 1 I assist Iiin in finding anvitl.er job and will keep
him around until sucli tirr.c as he Cincis otlVjr on-.ployment . But you
do expect hi:n to ir.i-.cd iatel y r>.'liuquish i-.is duties, accept reassign-
ir,?nt to a r-;ke-shift position nt his currcr.t grade and then quietly
resign for the good of the service. Of course, ycu promise him
9007
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thnt he will leave with honor nnd with the finest recon^mendnt ions ,
a larc'Holl luncl-.con, and p.irh.ips cvca a H-'epavtriciital award. You,
naturally, point out that siiould he not accept such an offer, and
Us later is forced to resign or retire tlirovigh rejmlar process
or o'.'n his own volition, that his eriplo>-;-.ent references fror:i the
Departr.ont and his pernwnent personnel record may not look the same
as if he accepted your offer. There should be no '..•itnesses in the
rocrn at the titr.e. Cant ion: This tcciMiique should only be used for
the timid at l-.eart with a giant ego. This is an cxtrenely dangerous
technique and the very fact of your convcrsatioa can be used against
the Dcpartincnt in any subsequent adverse action proceedings, Ic
should never bo used with thac fervent, zealous c-.ployee com.v.it ted
to D(;.".ocratvc policies a;-.a progva-.s , cr to the bureaucracy, who might
rclis'n the opportunity re b;i partyred on th.e cross of his cause.
V a - -w T r .-. r. .; f r. r T c c ! '. n i n u -j
By carefully researching the backgroui-.d of the proposed
•ii-.iuloyse-vic t in, one can always establish that geogrrphical part of
the country and/or organisational unit to wliich. th.e c^rployee would
rather resign than cbcy and accept trar.sfer orders. For exainplo,
if yoi) have an e-iployae who v;a5 born and raised in New England aiu!
is currently serving in your Boston Regional Office, and his record
sho-.vs reluctance to r-:Ove far from that lc>cation (he r.'ay have far.iily
and financial corrjiitnents net easily severed), a transfer accompanied
by a pro:;'.otion to an c;;isting or n;';;ly created position in Dallas,
Texas "ight just fill the bill. It is always suggested that a
transfer bo acce-.. panics with a prcr.ot ion, if po:;siblo. Sir.co a
promotion is per sc beneficial to the cnploycc, it imm.edla tcly fore-
closes any clain that the transfer is an adverse action. It also
9008
rf-d-.:cr'; the po::s i.bi 1 ley of a claim that the transfer was rr.ot Ivatcd
for prohibitoci purnoic-n sir.c.c , again, tho transfer resulted in a
benoficinl action for the cinployce and tlie word discr inination
im-ilies some ai!vorsity to h.'ve hccn suffered. It is ali;o important
that ycu carefully check ycur organirsational charts to ir.sure tliat
not only is there no reduction in grade, but no reduction in status.
For instance, if a person is a Deputy Regional Director at GS-14,
the prc.T.otion to a position of State Director in another region
(wh.v-^ reports to a Deputy Regional Director) even at a ^rade increase
to GS-15 will be a di>;r.otion in status and thus an adverse action.
Transfers ;r.ust also be presented as rieces.'.:ary for "the efficiency
of tl;f service." It is, th.jr.-; f ore , necessary that the j.-osition to
which the per-.cn ii: bein.; era. i." f erred fits in with his curreat job
e;;pcvicr;co or his p.-,-.c ro.'-p.- r.s i '> Llit ios . The tc-chi-.icat assistance
cf y.)i.;r pcrsoar.el office is indispensable in pros-cut in;; Sfch
transfers. E :t thcri.^ is no re:-.3cn '.-.-'ly they cannot artfully find,
or create, tlie necessary position that will satisfy the transfer
ro'ju Irccients r.ccessary to caui^c th 2 prospective transferee to be
conironted wit!i the choice of being tra.isfcrod to a position ho
does not v;ant or rer.igaLn;^. Of course, one car, su>:>etea the potion
by privately ar.-sur i r..^ tii'-- pr'p."s-i-J trans fere.T , upon rlelLvery of
his transfer notification, that sht'tld lie refuso the transfer, and
resign, that iiis rc.^ i;;ra t ion •..'ill be acccpt--d '..-i flicut prejudice.
Further, he my re-iain for a ;i.--ricd until he finds other err,plo>Tent
and leave with, th;: hijh'.st h n-.ors and references.
_f a - 3 ) Sp;.n' ial As''^ i:;; j.ic n_t__Tec hr^i rij:o__ (The Travel in'- Salesr.ian)
'f'liLs techuic'ic is especially useful for tlie family tran and those
wn-n do not enjoy I ravel in,;. '.•■'hat you do is to suddenly recogni/c
9009
-i03-
the outstanding abilitios of your crployec-vic tim nnd ir.-.':nc?dlat<>ly
sc-izo iipor. his co:r.pc tencc and talent to assign 'nim to .1 special
research nnJ evaluation project. This is best explained by way of
exairplc. Let us asau'^ic that our er.iployee is a program analyst with
the Ueparlnent of Transportation. You in-.r:\ediatcly discover the high
level interest and policy rcquiren'.cnts for creating a program to
meet the trar.spor tat ion needs of all U. S. cities and toi-.ns with a
population of 20,000 and under. Nothing is r.ore revealing than
first hand inspections and consultation Xvith tc:Jn officials. And
so you h.and your chosen expert a prorp.otion and his new assignrr'.ent ,
(Again, a pro:;i3tion is desirable to diminish any possible claim of
adversity). Along with his prO:-notion ;ind essign^-icnt your cx|'ert
is given c;-;tcnsivC' travel orders criss-crossing him -cross tlie
co'jutry to tov.-ns (;io[,>C:Jully with tlic worst acco.Tiodations possible)
of a popul.ition of 20,000 or uivdcr. Until his wife threatens hi:n
v/ith divorce unlrs-; he quits, you have l;im out of tc'.;p. and out of
the way. V.'hon he fini'.lly asko for relief you tearfully reiterate
th.e importap.cc of the project ::ir\d state that he n-.iist cc[itinuc to
obey travel orders or resign. Failure to obey travel orders is a
grounds for itr-'.&diatci separation.
[1;^ Jd'-j'SI. in-- Toch.Tiiquc
The layering technique, ns it full nane irrplics, is an crgani-a tional
ttc'.r.iq'ie to "l.iyer" over insubord i!ia te si'.bcrdinatcs , nanagers w'no are
loyal and faithful. This technif.ne, ho-..'Cver, requires at least the
tctTjiorary need for additional slots and ray, in sonc cases, require super-
grade a';f:hor Itii.'s . Again, the best way to explain the layering technique
is to deiiict its appl ic.i t ion in an example. Let us assume you have two
fara:ich.,:S v.-hose chiefs are GS-l-'is nnd report directly to your deputy,
'.viio is a G'j-15, who in turn reports to you (you are a CS-16). The object
9010
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is to rc-novc fron critical rosprnr, ibil itiof: your deputy and the two
CS-'ii^ brancli c';.i-2fs. All t'lree positions you fir.d wore cosily frozen
in'.-.o the c.'ireer service v.-!i,_>n you asr.ur.c-d your noucnrcer ofCtce head post.
A slot saving can bo reili^cd if you have any vacancies within your
office no r.'.attcr './iiat type of jc-h t)iey vero pr^'vioucly utilized for, such
ns secretarial vacar.cies. (Renienbor your collir.g doo>; not address itself
to ho;.' you are PA'i-ng to use your positions. Don't over lot the bureaucrats
tell you it is auto;-^.t ically a such-and-such slot. l>y bu;:.;et adjustnjnt
you can use existing vaca.ncies to create any nev positions and functions
you desire.) UtiliiTing vacant positior.s, or ncv; positions, and acquiring
the npprcpr iat 3 budget adjust-ent, you get your position upgraded to a
CS-17 >X\. You then croate a nov position of Deputy Office Director, at
n r.or.carcer Ci-lo. B.-.causc tiMt prs-;inn in noncareor, your former deputy
has no ri3!;rs to it. (?:;'to of ea':t;i::i: Th,; qu?.-3tion nay be asked why you
si-pLy uoa't conv.;rt those p.sicii.'as fi o-.i career to r.:nci;rcer ana then fire
the ir.curr.bcnts. The Civil Service rules and rc,2ulations contain a "grand-
farl-.er clause" vhich provides that if r. positicr. ^.hich ir. filled by a
career incur:bent is convert.id froM career to noncareer, the incumbent
still mintains his career status in the job. Operationally, therefore,
ti'.e position does not bccoTO non,:;arcer until the career iacu.T.bent vacates
that position. If you convert it to noncareer before ho vacates the
position, you run tlie risk th.ar if you take some administrative action to
transfer hip out of the position la.ter he can claim political discrimination
pointing to the very fact Ll:at you converted his position to oxceptcd status
as ov ider:ce . ) To make sure ch.at the reorganii-ar ion does not result in a
reduction of status for your forr-er deputy, you appoint hiTi as a CS-15
Sr.ec-ial Assiot.int to yourself so that ho retains both h.is grade and his
direct report!:--; relationship. You then create two Staff Assisi;ant positions
9011
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for your Branch Chici.s rer<^r t ing to your neu- Special Assistant. They
alac rc-t;iin clicir GS-1/^ i\rnd^s. You upgrade tr.c Brnnch Chief positions
to CS-15 and create two I3eputy iiranch Chief position,; at GS-14. To your
ncw dcpaty po.Ution, the tv;o up,^ra;Icd branch chief positicas and the two
new deputy branch chief positions you then effect the n]ipointr.enC of
persons of uaquesticned loyalth. You have thus layered into the organiza-
tion into key positions your c-..'n people, still isolating your road-blocks
into pcverleas make-shift positions. In all likelihood the three will
probably end up re-signing O'jt of disgust and borcdcrr,. You can then return
the tk.roo skots frcn vvherover ycu borroi.'eJ them. If this does not occur,
you can have a reduction in force u-'nich will cause certain job abolitions
and thus the elimination of ijelccteu crployces. As r.ontiuncd in the
Ii'.treuuc tier, , this laycrin;?, tcchnir.u.; follo;.'cd by a red!:cticn in force,
aftt.r n respectable waiting pericd, -^-as tlic technique used extensively
by I.yr.con Jor.nyon's AdriinioCfat icn .
A variation of th.e Inyorin;-; ■".ccl-.t-. iqi'.j is called ths Bypa-.s Layering
T(-ch:iicit:c •.viiloh nay be utili>;cd in the event the two C.S-i4 branch chiefs
sho'.r.ci be eligible for proin.^tion and placement in the u.pgr.ided G.S-i5
branch chief positions, Tiiat will frccucncly be the case, especially if
th.c5e upgrad-id branch chief positions carinct be made noncaroer. In that
caie the scenario for ti'.c creation of a new upgraded deputy to yourself
re-iins the sa-.-.e. Your forn'.er deputy is likewise i-ake a Special Assistant
to yourself at GS-15 having no rights to the noncareer GS-lb position. The
tvo GS-K branch chiefs are prc-vVed to GS-]5 inakin,", v;ay for the creation
of f.;o deputy brar.ch chief po it ions at GS-14. You then layer in your
ovn pe-'plc to the dCj-iuty branch ciiief positions. Frr-,.- then on all business
is conriucted between the deputy brnncli chiefs, your deputy and yourself.
Ycu rudely bypass your bra^-ic'i chiefs on all office rvittcrs. You also
9012
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tctally ignore your special assistant. If all three don't at least quit
in disyus' , at Ic.ist you h.ivc rei.-ovud thcr-. Lrcn i::;o r;a Instrcam of office
07>._:raCions .
c. Shifti'.T; Rcr^onas ihil i t i rs nnc: I'-cjlatirn 'fe-chnigues
This is a classic orj;an i-:a t ional technique first introduced by
Fraaklin D. Roosevelt. It does involve a sizeable inuest-^ent of budget
and slots. Its purpose is to isolate; and bypass an entire oryani;tation
v.hLlc i<; so hopeless t!iat there is aii inr.'.e d i a t e desire to deal with nobody
in the organization at all. The shifting responsibilities and isolaCicn
ti e r.r.iq'jo entails the scttinr; up of a parallel organi.T;. tion to oi-\c: already
in exi.stence, and ;^iving chat nev organi^^ation most of tl-.e real au!:!-.oritio3
previously vested in t!ie old organization it parallels. The alphabet
at-.encies crcatel by I'T.?. to r..:.uvp o.iir.r ing functions of existing (.Icpartrr.ents
ar.d to assu.r.e n.rv- functions Lhiat ordinarily 'vould have go.ue to those
existing: ccp;r tneats ■; s an e>:,;:-.pLe of t.h? wh.olesalo Ui;es of the shiftitig
fv:rctii!i-,s technic:ur-. ;,-;t's u.-a ar.otl-.jr exa-.rple. Pcr'.'.aps yoi're unr.appy
with yoi'.v v.hole ':.:agot office. Vo;_. inform the budget office t'riaC the
tail v;ili no longer v;ag the dog. iro.-. no'.v or. they v;iH c>
S'jpposed to be t'lC, functic^ns of ch..-. budget office wliich nr(
ace -untir.g proccdurt;s and docu'cut ir.g procedures nccesrary
ir._- a budget. You create a nc.' Office of Financial Policy
'.:'l\ have th.c rcsp,-.ns ibil ity for exanining t h.e proposed budgets of the
CO prniM^t parts of your organiv:ati oa and then rcco::ncnd the "policy
decisions" necess.iry to put tog,eth-:!r your organi7,.-.t ion ' s budget. Because
of the policy co-.teat, tl-.e positions in tlie m w office viU be largely
notic;\recr and thus unavailable as a tatter of right to those bureaucrats
in your existing budget office. You then iiaposc unbearable ceilings on
rcisc '..-hat are
e the tcci'.aical
for prrr:ulgat-
Revicw './hich
9013
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vour biid~OL officn rpoc i f ic^lly in tin.' area of .Tccountiiu;. Thin renders
that budget otl'icc ircrc.-ia ir;;-.ly incnpab lo of prcJucinc; cccc,ua.tc ncco'.ir. C i ir;
'litra to the no-v Financial I'olicy Heview Office. As a result, the Fin;incial
i'olii;y Kevio'..' Office n-.ust of a necessity create its owii accounting area
(hopefully frcm slots you I'.nvc squeezed cut of the bud-et office. l.'ote:
It is irr.portant that you do not create ciri^-r positions in the ncc office
conp.uT.ble to those in t'nc old btjd;,et office at the sane tine ycu reduce
toe persor.nel ceilings in th.c old budget office creating a RTF. U'hercas
the civil service rules do not allow careerists being RIi"d to exercise
claiiTS to like positions in the ncn-carccr service, ti-.cy do grant careerists
the riglit to claim pl-.cc.-,-.;;t into like .^il'SJX P'^'-^^'tions that are created.)
Slc-.v'y but surely the nc(; Fini-.ncial Policy Kjvicv Office accrues all of
the m-jaaingf j1 function-; of th'.-. bi:d;.;c>t office i::olatir.i; those bureaucrats
vho have not: quit in dir-f/^^t into ireiningl-v-ss tcch.nical positici-.s out of
the nainsCvean of the Dopr-r m^ja t " s operations,
d. Nov Activity Technique
Another organizational technirue for the wholesale isolation and
difp:sttion of undesirable eripioyoe- vie tirn;; is the crcatioa of an
app'.rently noai-.irgful , tvt essentially mo.'.ningless , va-'-: activity to i;hich
th.ay are all transferred. This tecr.uiquc , unlike the shifting rcspo{\si-
biliries and isolation teca.'ii(|ue designed to immobiliKC a group of people
in 1 sln-le ori-"nizational entity, is dcsi-ncd to provide a single barrel
into which ye.u can dijr,:p a large nJThor of -..'idely located bad apples.
Again let us u-;e an example to illuoLrate this technique. Let us apply
this to the U-.rp.-.rt::;en t of lioalth, K.dvcation, and V.'el fare . A startling
nev trur.t to VlV-^'s participation ii; tho M;del Citi-s Prcgrar.i ir.itht be a
new research ai-.u develop-ent Jlodol Cities Laboratory. With the concurrence
of the r.ovovnor of Alabarn, one r.i^htclicose Alabair.a, or a rer.icn thereof.
9014
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Lo be a "riodol state" or "rcdel region" like v;e noy have sections of
cities dcr. ir.--itc:ci r.s , "i. o;:c 1 cities." Foi" office lacilitli;?; the i-'opartncnt
of the Arr-y mi^ht bo prcv.iiiec! t;pon to provide surplus buildings at Tort
Kuckcr, AlaU;-."'r>. The Alaha^.a Stato Ucpart.rcnt of Fiducatlon, weald, I
avr. sure, be nore t'ncir. happy to provide scli.'^oi bwses to bi;s VJi'.-: er.plo^ccs
bct^jeon their offices and tb.e nearest tov;n where they would life.
i<.'. tura 1 1 y , to such a hif,h priority ar.d hij-.h visibility project as a "rr.odcl
state" lab you v;oeld want to assiv^n s'.rs of the rrcst "cualifiec" cr.'.ployees
and adrunis trators you could find throushout the Depnrtnent, both in
Washington and ia the field. By carefully looking at the personnel jackets
of your selected oirployec -vie t ii;'S , ycii can oa-jily de.sigti an organization
chart for tb.c project that w'M.ild create positions to which theiio c.ployee-
V let ins can bs trnns fcrred that r^ut the necessary j-b d;-scr ip tion requirc-
r.ier.ts, offer prcin.-jt iona I oppe-r ti^nit i "s ir ;;radc , and by hiving the project
report directly into the m:; rc-ta-. ■■ ' s ociice provide tor pra.iotions in
status.
e.^. .'.ddiclT^-l :<ot :s (ggroc. -r:--;:: C^ ne ter:-.rv ures)
Tl;.-.' teciuTicp.'cs prof'jrrnd -jjovo are nut ur.kncwn to our loyal civil
ss.-vants. Sir.ce e --.tensive u.-.c of the layerip"]; tcchniquos and the shifting
responsibilities techniq-ees were r.^ade by the pr'-'.vlous Adr^n' t;istrat ion-,
be:--ccn November of 196S ar.d Ja.nu-iry 20, 1969, trer-.endous roorganir-cat ions
o. ...rrcd within the Federal Cp'/o rnncnt desiyncd to make thoso techniques
difficult to apply by our n.:v .■•dn-.inis trat i on. V.'ith t'ne l:elp of the 0>;B ,
foll'i-wing the poiieies of th : Rrvenue i^:-.pci;;' i turo Control Act, !'\any position
nat filled in the sprin;; of 1 "^'iO •..•ere el i. lir.atcd frrr.; the personnel
ceil-;n;;s of th.e iJepa r tr.r ;: tt: , or Ap^ei'>c irs , anc! their fv.nd inr, for salaries
was cov-.ensoratcl y reduced, l.'ith tivj Olh; continuln;.; to reduce personnel
ccilir.pjS, the availability of e.-:tra slots r.nd salary fu.-.<b7 for purposes
of b)',h 'a'-orin':; and sliiftir.p, r.' uons i b i 1 i t i cs all but do not i.':-;!St. Had
9015
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the 0MB acted in the President's best interests to help bin obtain control
ever his Ad:r.ir.ii; trat icn, and rule rati:cr than reign, it would have
rcco.-.-.endod an expansion of p^rsonr.el ceilings and furidin,'; lor salaries
for the first t\!o years. This would b.ave enabled tlie Dopartracnts and
Agencies to conduct the nc-ccssary layering and shiftin;; responsibility
functions doing those first tvo years. During the last two years of
the Ad.T^itiistration, wo could have enjoyed a reduction in personnel ceilings
and funds and conducted a selected reduction in force. As it is, by and
large, tlie personnel ceilings and funding policies of the CMC has only
frustrated this Adn-.inis tration fror' any ir:canLngful prograai Cor bringing
in substantial numbers or loyal team meirbcrs into the bureaucracy.
Lik6;>;isa tho 0113 cocperatcd with the Johnson Administration during
1963 in t!-.o distribution to the H.-partinents and Agencies of all but a few
of the iixecutive L'.;vols in the Ptl .•■ idjnt ' s pool •.■;hich ^;erc promptly filled,
re'-urce of Executive Level pcsiticiis frc.n which ndv-- positions for layering
.'."d sliiftir.g responsibilities at a high level could have been ncccr.plishpd .
Thi- .'-.dminis t rat ion was left with the a 1 toraat ivo of seeking additir.-nal
F.;:jrutivc Level po.sitions froj, a Congress not likely to be cO'.iperative .
fuvtheriDoro , as mentioned it: the Introduc t ioa, the D^partrr.ents and
Aj^c.-.cies absorbed and filled oi: a career basis most of the outstanding
supergrndu quota allocations giv-sn to tiic Executive iiraiich by Congress.
Tills again i?.akcs the creation of additional suncrgr.iJe -positions for the
purposes nf layering, shifting responsibilities, or. setting up a new
activity cxtr.-ncly difficult. It is to an uncooperative Congress that
the Adiiinis traL ion rrust look for additional supcrgrade quota allocations.
rurthcr, between I!ove;;--ber 7, IvoS and January T.0 , 1969, most
Govern'-ont donarcnents and agcr.cics experienced •■ rapid increase in the
cl-iss-: flcatio.--. ci positions to ti'^-ir .-'pti:;u:a level, followed by the
9016
•ii:
pro.T'or.ion Co and flllia^; of those positions with thosf who had been
loyai to that At:„iir.i3 trn tlon . A;r,ain, this "counter Inycrin;;" activity
had made- it difficult for this Ad;Ti'inis tra t ion.
COrCCLUSION
There is no substitute in the bcginnin;! of an>- Administration for a
very active politicr.l personnel operation. V.'hatever investment is rade in
positions, s.ilarics, systetTis , training and intelligent work in this area,
'..'ill yield a return ten-fold. Conversely, the failure to invest what is
necessary to a palicical personnel program, will cost the Aciniinis trat ion and
the Department or Agency fifty-fold that they might oti-:orwisc have invested.
These cstirrates are borne out by experience. K'p.cre Departinents and Agencies,
and Adiiiais tra tionn , have failed to iTivest the n!av,po'.;.:r and other necessary
aforen.oaticned ite:-^ into an effec'.-i\e political personnel progrnc -- blindly
paying lip service to such a fenc tifn rnd proceeding ir,r;edi,-i!;ely to invest
h.._-,-.vily in the r'.'ir.:''.g.^;-.en t a:;d prcgran functions -- they have only boon
plagued by such folly. The tir.e cunsuried of high level Ad;"in is tra tion
ap;:eintoc9, and the rnanpo'ver and expanses involved in the creation of
fire figliting forces, caused by acts -in atcen:pt to frustrate the
Ad"inistration's policies, program objectives and iranagemont objectives,
as ■..'ell .-i.'S to orr.b.;rass the Adninis tra ticn , engaged in by unloyal eT.ployccs
of :he Executive Branch, as far c;^cocded th.e invcs tt:-.en t a political
persoiincl operation would have required. In those few ori;aaizations
v;herc an effective political personnel office was the forerunner of "new
(i ircc t ions" in policy, progra.M o'.) jec tives , and nrjnagcment objectives, the
e.-.->se and lev visibility with wiiich tl'cy were acccr.ipl iL;hod war; irarkcdly
contrasted to the re'it of the Adpinis tration . There is no qnescicm that
the effective activities of a -political p-r-rsonnel office '..-ill invoke a
one-shot furor in r lie hostile pre-;.^ .and Congress. Hut there is no question
ll:af t''c ;e costs .'.re iar less than the costs of the frc(;uont crcsccndos of
9017
113-
b.id inibKcity tl'.ac nre siirc to occur frcqi'cr.tly and inc'cf initcly if you
d.) not. la short, it is far bect-:-r and hcnlthier to s.^'allcvj a Inrge bitter
pili in die bcginnin;-, and then run rigorously to-A-ard your objectives, than
to run tc-.;nrd your objectives stopping so frequently for srr:all bitter pills
that ycu bccc.e drained oc the endurance, the vill and the ability to
ever reach your objectives. As one of the ranking ir.cr-bers of this
Adn:iniEtvatLon once put it: "Yon car.no" hope to achieve policy, program
or "r!nage(;;;.'nt control imtil you have achieved political control. That is
the difference betvoen ruling and reigning."
9018
ROUTiKG/r^vALUATio:: Forai
nus CITIZEN
DnON CITIZE^
tMonthI (Ojyl tYejr,
SENT BUbirJhSS ADDRESS
CURREMT JOB TITLE
CURRENT SAL
n
n -Turn Off
I j -Package
Rating Scale (I to V) Check box:
Agcncv Liaison Br
Area Liaison
[2^Cons,der for the loilowing Job Areas: (« & D 3^)
Recruicnent Br.
0-n
1
11
III
IV
V
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
H
D
D
D
D
H
PARTIES
COMMENTS
APPEN'DIX 1
9019
CORRESPONDENCE DESIGNATION
^
fJSENO TO
□ send TO
NAME OF PEFERRER/ESDORSER
STREET ADDRESS
STREET ADDRESS
CITY AND STATE
""""
CITY AND STATE
ZIP CODE
I I referral
»5 ASKED ME
B. □! HAVE REFERRED THIS CORRESPONDENCE TO
I I NO REFERRAL - YOU HAVE BEEN RECOMMENDED DY
3. OTHER COHTEMT (Referral ur.d ,Vo R^h"alj
A. □ FOH APPLYING
UinsR.CFICPC
s,Y,o.
B. nFOa CONSIDERING
C.a FOR RECOMMENDING
(21 □fOHAPOS,
,0. INACTION
. D. IZIfor enoo=sing
4. A. QUreQUESTSFIT, B. □ EVENTUALLY TURN
OFF
SIGNATURE OF PERSON COMPLETING FOH
9020
ROUTING/i:\'ALUATION FORM
DUS. CITIZEN
Dnon ciTizEr
{ .,NAT,NGOrF,CEF
DATC OF INITIAL ACT
IMonlfij (Djy).
:e of ni
IZIPI
PRESENT HOME ADDRESS
MESS ADDRESS
CURRENT JOB TITLE
I I -General Referral Q -Turn Off
Q -Packn
Rating Scale (I to V) Cfieck box:
Agency Liaison Br
Q- Q
Area Liaison
[TjConsider (or the following Job Areas: ( R{,D Branch)
RccruiCment Br.
t -Q
1
II
III
IV
V
D
D
B
D
n
a
D
n
n
n
pah't'ifs^'''^
comments
APPENDIX 2
9021
CORRESPONDENCE DESIGNATION
date
□ send to
C]SEND TO
( JE OF candidate
NAME OF REFERRER/ENDORSER
street address
street address
CITY AND state
ZIPCODE
CITY AND STATE
ZIPCOOE
i I REFERRAL
*■□
B. niHAV
»S ASKED ME TO THANK YOU.
-FERRED this CORRESPONDENCE TO
2. □ NO REFERRAL - YOU HAVE BEEN RECOMMENDED BY
3. OTHER COHTEUT (R<:f.!'ral a^d N
o Referral)
A. [UfOR APPLYING
,nnSP.C,F,CPOS,T,OM
B. [I] FOR CONSIDERING
C.n FOR RECOMMENDING
U,n -OR A position I.ACT.OM
D. CUfOR ENDORSING
4. A. □ REQUEST SF 171
B. Oeventuallyturn
OFF
OF PERSON COMPLET
APPENDIX 2
9022
CANDIDATE APPROVAL FORM
Name of Candidate:
Positio!"! for v;hich Nomimtedi
Grade and Pay:
(Circle Onei) PAS PA NEA Sch C Sch A,B.
Date Received: Si;SPP:r;SK PATE:
1. FROM: Opr; rati ens Section Date:
TO; Agency Liaison Branch
Request Approval to initiate Clearance.
2. FROM: Agency Liaison Branch Date:
TO; Operations Section;
Initiate Clearance Do not initiate Clearance
3- ERG.".:: Operations Section Date;
TO: Area Liaison Section
General Recruitment Section
Pleas^o initiate Clearance en above named individual
and return to Oneraticns no latei' than:
Area Liaison Qr."uTch
General Recruitment Section
TO: "p^rationc Section
___^ Candidate is cleared. Candidate IS NOT cleared.
Appropriate material is attached.
Operations Section Notes:
Recieved Security Cleai^ance on (date):
Clearance rent to V'hitc Mouse on (date):
FRO..': Operations Section Date:
TO: Special Assistant to the Secretary
We have recieved White House Clearance (attached) on
thj above individual.
9023
POLITICAL PERSONNEL OFFICE
Special
Asst. to
Agency
Head
General Recruit-
ment Branch
Area Liaison
Branch
Agency Liaison
Branch
Research &
Developemont
Branch
9024
/? /f C f^ <^- ^ '^ ^'^^ £■ ^ r / Vc' OC£SS.
O ^'.'Sl Ofjr-I £AJT
<.r2itsa!/].
5 /'iS-CiJcy /.i/iiif*>
/-
i /)/t-;js .^ecfl.u'rc M?spiCir ■fc^V't
./
fV.aA
/^
'iftf'c^',
seuro «
5c.«s
>?
t-raift- To
/^.-J.'rjj
cy
^J/JUCfJ
.Vfr''i:-.-?57
■::X'
t^' ^\'>ri'i'.''SS
;ki ^ —
i^/Zf)/je.hf
^/Z^unzs sec To.i
» Sc'.'j'O fzssui-rs 7o
17.
S*£/, ECTio/^ O-p-f^/c'.^]!'
9025
If-fW. pEcf-'AiTric^r &&AIKH
f)fiCA -«.//,V>f^.'J /3e/7i"-1
o. r. ...,.-., \ ■', S /
j . (icfiii:£tic.c Cheat |
I SccT£';t
"^•^^^fS^^'-t^-^-^iS-f
l?J
1
\
\ \
\ ^, '^^
\^^-
L,
.-■ -;-:-^
.^.^-
1, .JlC^
i ,'
i^fAVty
UlWon lli/,ix.i
i .
ChecK
«EC(3
■jTT.fi/r
1
i
p
v;/-
ThAr
• Cle,-)-
?tCi
TAMTiaS
1
l^lFyO
r:-.MS
1
OP£.r:f]Tiom ViZCTlot-i
/■ Se/jo To 2: Je'if ^■(■«yi.r/iME.-t.>.;; £. Senit:,
3. ffec.euj
fte«su;7/.ryr
<Jft<\.N
»t
a
Ve
Cl£A*4«»J?S
JOMlMt*^
9026
CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM
TO: Wi ilTC HOUSE PER50NKLL OPERATION
Ff=iCM:
Sb'BJ: APPOINTMENT CLEARANCE REQUEST
CLEARANCE REQUESTED- □fBI QhILL □fIELD
WH?0 USE ONLY
fjLi. NiVl
SSN
APPOINTMEMT DATE li IIHO U st O^h )
c;h;. T,v.:s7 o« acgkcv
Cni AND STAIt
A0/£; Alfach RESLME uhich must contain: Mailing address, loting address, dale and place of b,rth, political alj
ation, education and work experience.
9027
RKOl'KST FOR CAXnTnATi- PRE-CHI-XK
;.'a"e of Candid.Tte:
I'o-jiCion lor v.hicli to b.-^ noninated:
Cvp.d,- and Pay:
(Circle Oae) PAS PA NEA Sch C Sch A Sch B
Dace Received: SUSPEN'SE DATH;:
Tills IS NOT A RKOuEST FOR CLF^''.?-.\!;cn:
1. rP.O.-l: OPiCRATlON'S SEGTIOM DATE:
TO: Area Liaison Branch..
^Gcneral Rccruitnant Branch
Plraso initiatn Pro-checks on above r.ancd individi'al
and rcturii to Operat-.ions no later than:
?. .--ic;!: Area Liaison Branch DATF, :
General Recrui tneixt Srai;ch
TO: 0i't:R.\TI0N3 SFCTIOli
Positive prc-clieck attaclied Ke^ativc prc-check attached
3. Opcratiens Section Notef;: DATE:
Acceivod Security Prc-check on:
4. FlIOM: rpir^'iTIO'.iS SECTION
TO: :;:.'.:ii:ATioN co;";i-itee
V.'e have received pre-cliccks (attached) on the above individual
9028
PERSONNEL GENERAL REFERRAL FORM
Originating Offi<
n Office of the Director
D Public Affairs
D Congressional Affairs
n Minority Affairs
D General Counsel
D
a
a
The attached resume is forwarded to you for review and consideration for any staff vacancies wliicli
you may have.
A letter lias already been sent to the candidate telling him that his folder is under consideration.
If you are interested in this candidate for a position of GS-12 ( ) or below, please
contact the Placement Officer for your division in the Division of Personnel. Additionally, please
complete and return the form at the bottom of tiiis page.
If you are interested in the candidate for a position of OS - 1 3 of above, please
contact your Be sure to return the attached form immediately.
It is important that this candidate know his status. If we have not heard from you within 10 working
days, we will assume tliat you are not interested in this candidate. We will automatically send liim a
letter stating that we have no vacancies compatible with his background and interests.
If you are interested in this person, please return the form at the bottom of the page.
(This is a standard General Referral Form and is not to be construed as a formal nomination.)
TO:
Please do not contact
iVe are considering this candidate for a position in our office.
We will handle all further correspondence and action.
9029
RECnu-fTr.-.SWT REQUEST FORM
Por5 1' on I
Organization:
Crar'-..
^:^y Ranf;e:
{Circle One):
PAS
PA
AP
NEA Sen C
CEA Sch A
LEA Sch B
Career
Brief Description of Duties:
Selection Criteria:
Education Preferred: BA,DS
f.!A,r/iS
Ph.D.
M.D.
LL.B, J.D.
Ed.D.
(Other)
Typo? of Eniploymcnt Experience;
Special Skills and Training:
Previous Salary History:
(field of study)
1- FRC.v: Agency Liaison Branch Date:
TO: Research and Development Branch
Please fonvard all tals'nt bank candidaterj that
meet the above selection criteria,
2- FRC:;: "Research and Dovelop.-ient Branc}i Date:
TO: Ajency Liaison Branch
Attached are talent bank candidates.
3* FRO.v.: Agency Liaison Branch Date:
TO: Area Liaison Branch
General Recruitment Bt^anch
Please initiate a search for candidates for
- the above position. Talent Bank candidates already
bein^; coiisidered are attached.
SUSPENSE DATE;
if, FROW: Area Liaison Branch Date;
General Recruitment Branch
TO: Agency Liaison Branch
Attached are all candidates for above position.
9030
Ims r^ked me to tlirnl. you foi. c-.pplylny Jor
,\V are curn-^nt ly rcvr.f-Ajir.g our staff Jng needs, both in V'arhinsion
I'lii in Ihc fi^lc!. ri(iasc be assured Ll'.,-.t you viJl receive c\\iry
vinsi.; ;v;.tion.
t
Sincerely,
_hp.s asked ne to tlic-nk you for ftpply'nf, icr a position
i:.^ arc currenLly rcvi.f v'.i.r.f', our .sii-ifinj noi^di;, b^-.h in Uar.uIn£;t.or.
av.J i-i Lhf field. Pleif.e be ;'ssured t\)i'-. yov. v.'ii] recf.iivc every
cons i J.-ii-JCion.
Sii;-.'ecely,
jCI
Date
hoii a-^kcJ r.c- to tl'ank yo'.-. fiT ccnsicic' int;
l.\' :>!' CH:ir(i-;ly : ••vi t-;i :•;; our st-.ffi.:r; r.'.edi-, bot'.i in '..'ar.k i nj-to;
nn'l i:i tlio r:-..'.a. )Mi'c;:.'i b-j assured tt -L yru \. i .1 1 rccei';.> e/i^ery
9031
Date
Denr :
has asked Trie to thank ycu foi" consideiing a position
in
V.'e :nR ciirrrnlTy revicv/ing oui- st.-'f firip needs, bcth in VrashinfjLon
and in the field. Please be assured tlmt you \ini receive every
consideration.
Since.rely,
1 D 1
I
Date
Dear :
_has ar,I;ed m? to thr.nlc you for rceoT.;. lending
for
V;e are curreitly rcvie\.-ir^'> our staff in.-', n.-c-cls, both, in V.'.-'sOtin^it.-oa
and in th:.- field. I'Jeai.c he-, assured thnt \.'iJ 1 receive
every cciri^idcraiion.
Sincerely,
1 D 2
ha.'; asltfil ine to t'nank you for recor:r.icndi nj^
for a posi rion in
V.'e are currently revicvjr.f our staffins; i.eeds, borh in ^rshirj;'. oi:
and in tlir. f:lc:ld. 1':! erisu bo a'-.::ured taaL ; \ill receive
cv.'ry consi j"cr£ii if.n.
Sir.cerelv,
9032
1 E 1
- Date
Dear :
^has r.skccl lae to thank you for endorsing
for
Vc. arc currently reviewing our staffing needs, both in Washington
a-Ml in the. field. P3ear,e be ni;cnvcd that \^ill
receive every considcar.tion.
Sincere]
1 B 1 F
h.as asked n?. to thank you for applying for
VJe are currently reviev.ving ov.r staffing nc-c^ds, loth in V^ishington
and in the field. Please be assuicd that you v.-ill receive: every
consideration.
Enclosed is the standard applirrt Jon for federal ci"ployi:'ont. Plear.a
return tl-.e co:?pleted forn^. to my cffjce as il v/i.U help ur. to evaliial<
your qvr.lif ica'.ions , It v.'il] aisi.) serve as a rcq-aired pare of
your official records in the event of your selection.
Sancere]y ,
1 B 2 F
Date
Dear :
lias asked i;:e to tb.ank you for applying for a position
V.'e arc curre-.tiy rcvi.-^.ing our st.'fiLng need;;, botli in V.'asli irgtcn
and in tiie field. ric-'.se be assured that yea vij 1 receive every
ce;!:,'-.i.:c'rc'.L ioi..
l.nclosi:d i;; t}ic stand. ird applicalic.i for Lodcral c.'..p.l cv: .^ uC . ?'
return the cui: plcte.l for.;, to ny of.'^c. av; j! vi]] hflr. u; Lo c
year o.u.ili I'icat ■.•as. Ic v.ill also seivi a;, a rcctaired p.:rt Oi
our tiJ'jici.il rcci.vu:; in the eve. I of yo-jv .-:c 1 cC ion .
9033
lins atkrcl mc to tli;in!; you for roK;;iclcriiig n position
V.\7 arc curri'.-!t]y revic-i.'ing our ctcifCing needs, both in l.'ar.hington
and in tlic field. I'lease Ne asc-Jiired that you will receive every
conslder.-.t Jon.
l.'ncloscd i.s the standard application for federal enip].nyr;-?'.it . P].earc
return tlio coripletcd forr.i to ny office'as it v.'ill help us to evaluate
your qunJ if ications. It v;ill also r.orve as a required pavt of
our official iicords in the event of your selection.
Sincerely,
1 C 1 F
liave arhcu r,o. to tliarJ:. ycu for
l.'e arc curi'i^itly revic-v-J n^, our stiif /i v.^ needy, hctii in l.";\i;l;ln£toa
and in t'le field. PJ.r-as-j be assu):ecl tliat you (-.•ill recei-'"C' ev€-ry
coiuiideration.
Kn'jlc>Sr-d is the .-.tandr.rd appllcatiiai for federal eniployMcn t . Plcane
return the ccnipletc-d forr.^ to my office as it \.'lll help us to evalvatc
your qualifications. It \;ill also serve as a required paru of
our official records in the event of your selc^ction.
Sincere] y ,
Bl" "' ~
Pate
Dci.r :
Thanh you for applying, fot
V.'i; arc- current] y revi c ■..•i: r, our staffing r.ccds, both in h'of.hin^'rc'n
and in the field. i'le.ice [)C- at.sur. ■.! that y.;.u v;rll receive every
con;;idir;,tic>-i.
Sincerely,
9034
Thanl; you for applying for a position Dii
V.'e arc currently rcvj owing our .staffing needs, both in Washington
ar.J in tlic ficJd. i'lcasc be assured that you will receive every
cons.1i.k'iat ion.
Sincerely,
CI
Dear :
Tlianlc you for considering
Ue are currently revievnng our staffing ncoos, both in Washington
and in tl;e field. I'leasc be assured that you will receive every
considcr.-aion.
Si.
C 2
Dc.n
Think yo'i fo:' coi-;sJf'cring a ['visitaon in
V'-' c-.rc: currently revicving our .^^taffing nec's, bot]; in U'asliington
an.d ir the field. ]'lcc;se be a.'.sured that you ;;ill receive every
contidcrntion.
Sincerely,
I) 1
Dear :
liicak ) ou for recoi; .-.ondinj
for
v.'e are currently r(fvie-,.-ir.g our st.iffiiig needs, both in Wnshlngtor
a-id in the I'icJd. Please be assured lluit vill receive
vVi .-y ce:u:ider.-:tiOL'. .
F.jnjcroly ,
» V a ik %f Lt »^ tm », I.' \= i^ k-' ^J
9035
D 2
Deal- :
Tlumk you for rect'.rr.ciulins for ^ poKUion in
V.'c arc curicTiLly rcv.i t"..'^"ns our staff. ino; needs, both in Wayhincton
and in th( liclc'. . Plc.-^ne be assured that \.'ill receive
C'Verv cor.sj doraCion .
Sincerely.
Tl-ank you for endoi>'ing
V'e are curj-i-intly revic-^/in^ our si tiffing 'av^Cc, both in \;a3liington
and in th- fieJd. Ple:--c he ac£:u!-od that \.'il]. rcceiv
every .com. i.dc.ratioa.
Siacerely,
E 2
Thank you for endorsint; for a jicsiticn in
v.'o are cuvcnlly rcvic-.-inc our f.l-.rfJng ne-.ds, both in k'ashinc;!
and in li-.c fi.i-.ld. Tlcasc he anr.nrL-d t'aat i,;ill receive
eve ry con -. i de r:\ t ion .
Sincerely
yor for fi^ul)
c..n..id-i.,L^>a.
'tly rivi..'in;; our r;L.fri;.;, •.;-<'.'.:, lotii in :':
kid. I'JfTst, he n^-;u!.d thai- yju will rc-civ.
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 29
9036
r, 1 r (<-.v-.;- iuucd)
Epr.loscJ if. the ;if .•■alnrd application for fcder;;! cr.p] oypient . Plenr.e
rcLurn I iic: cciiip-lfl cil foj-m to i..y office ns JL v;i.ll hcJ ;> us t;o evalurili
your r,uili !" icatioi^'-. . It vill also serve as a required part of
oiiv cfjici;'..'. reco)"ds in the event of your selection.
Sincerely,
Tliank you for applyiiii; for a position in
V:? «re curr.jntly reviev7ing our staffing p.eedy, both in V.'a^hi-igton
(-ind in Iho field. Please be asfiurcd that you will receive every
co.'ir.idc.ra t J en.
Enclosed is tlic standard application for federal eniploynirrnt . ricasi
rclurn tho oc^MplaLed fo)-.,i to ir,y office a;-, it \;ill help uf. to evaluai
your qvali fi rations. It i.'ill also j;crve a? a required p.ii.t of
our ofiiri;:! records in the event ol your selection.
I'eor :
Thank vou foi" considerinr.
V.\; are cui)c.nt]y rovie'..'in~ our staffing needs, both in l.",-ishinctou
and in fr, c field, ric.'.se be assur^^d th.at you v.-ill receive- every
consid::.\-i'. ion .
I>.iC]osc'J is the sla:;dard ajiplica t ii.)n for federal employment. Please
r^-turn l'.c ro; a.let r-d forr, to r.y office as it \'i]j help us to evaluate
yovr quaj.i i Jc :;t ions . it v.'il] al^io serve as a required part of
o-.jr official records in tlic event of jour selection.
Sincerei.y,
9037
l')cr\r :
Tn.i:-.L ycvj for cor.-.iclc-ri.ni^ .:• poiijtion in
uij ;u-e curre.-.My rivi o\^inj', oim- nlnffinf, needs, both in V.'ashington
an-.; in tnc field. PlciiJi- Lc assured tlu^.C you vill receive every
):nc.U';.;cd is; the .st;unlnrd npi'lication for federal employment. Pleasp.
rt:ti:in llif coi';p1 c-.ted form l.o wy office as it v;ill help us to evaluate
ycur c:i:nl if icatioit;. It will also serve ar. a required part of
our oHicial rccoiu^ in the. event of your selection.
Sincerely,
A Action (2) *
Date
Dear :
You liave been recoMiiit-idod by for a position in
V:c arc currontly vc--. i ■-,.- in^; ov.- F.trJfAr:-^ rcoc'r. , botl; iu '.'uFiliiiigton
en:'. i:i tlic iield. PJease bo assured thr:t you vi.ll receive- every
cons idc ration.
Sincerely,
A Actioi: r (A 2 D
You h.v^ 1 ei.n recOi.;;.L'i'dcd by for a position in
'..'c prv cv--;-cnf;ly revic-i.-Jng, o-,:r staffing iccds, both in V.'asiiingl:ou
iiid in tj;.- field. Please be ar.surcd that you v.'ill receive every
consid.M ..iL icn.
t'lcloscd is the st^-i'davd applioation for fcd.;:ral er.ip] oyr.ent . Pl-.asc
retiirn the- co-pj ei -d £ori;i to ::.y office as jl \.'ill help us to evaliu-.tc
your csi;,] ific;.t: ;(•:■:. . It wil] j.ls3 serve i-.s a required part of
cu)- official records in the c/^at of your selection.
Sincciely,
9038
A specltxc (A 1)
Dear :
You have been recoii'.iv.cnded by for
V.'c are currently rcvje.'ing our staflin^; needs, both 5n V!ashin[!,t:on
and in the field. Plei:se be acr.urcd that you will receive every
consideration.
Sincerely,
A specific V (A 1 F)
You have been rccoixii'^^iided by for
V'e arc currently revicv.'lng our staffing necdf. , both in V^ashingtoa
and in the field. Please be assured that you \7ill receive every
considcri'tion.
Enclosed is the standard applic'iticn for federal eirployr^ent . Please
return Ihe cor.pl ftird fcr;,-. to ny uificc :'.c iL '.-ill help u.-; to cvali-.ate
your qualifications. It v.'il]. also serve ;s n required part of
our official record?, in the event of your selection.
Sincerely ,
Thank yr.,: Cor applyin.g for
Ue are c.irrc'ntly revJc".:in2 our staffing nec-.is, both in V.'asliingtoi
and in th?. field. Please be assured that you v.'ilJ. receive every
considL-rr t ion.
1 have referred this coriespondence to in tlic Office
of .Staff )'lace;nent lor J r.;: 'cd: a.t •: attention..
Sincerely ,
9039
2 B 2
Date
Dear :
Tliank you for applying-, for a i>o£.iUJ.on in
Ke arc currently revJc\:lng oul' staff in;^ ncc;ls , both iv. V:ashington
and in tlie field. ]'] e.:se be asr.ured that you will receive every
consideration .
I have referred this correspondenc-.e to ^in the
for ir.iniedinte attention.
Sincerely
2 B 2 r .
Bats
Dear :
Thank you for applying for a position in ACTION.
V.'c arc cu'rcr.tly rcv'.'.'ing oi;r r-t.-iffing n:;-U-., both in \."r.rjhingt on
and in the field. Please be assured that you \:ill receive every
consideration.
I.nclosed is the standard application for federal ev.ployiient. Please
leturn the corr.pleted fern to r.y of/ ice as it \rlli help us to evaluat
your qualifications. It vrill also serve as a required part of
our official record;; in the event of your selection.
1 liave referred this correspondence to in the
for intnediate attentioa.
Sincerely,
Date
Thank you for consideiing
V'e are currently revLcving our stoHing need-., bot'a in V'ashinr;ton
and in the field. Please be assured that you v/ill receive every
consideraL iop..
I h'lvi: 1 i-i"ci-rt-d tl:J;: cor rc': po.-d. iice la __ in th----
fcr i:-.:;.--'lJ.;.. .■HculicJ'
9040
Dear :
Tliaiik you tor consicjcring a popiticn in
V?c arc currently levic-v.-iug our staffing, needs, boLh in V.'p.sliin^tcn
anci in the field. Plcas^; be assured t)iat you i.iil receive every
considerat jcn.
I have referred this correspondence to in the
for ii.'i;iediate attention.
Sincerely ,
2 D 1
Date
Thanh yon for recorjuendinc for
Vt arc curreiitly levi t'>.'in;^ our staff ir.^, needs, both, in V.'a?:!iin£tcn
and in the field. I'lcaso be assured tlu-it v.'ill receive
1 l;ave refervec tliis correspondence to
I for inr.cdifte attention
Sincerely
2 1) 2
Thank you for recoiv.:i;onding for a position In
V.'e are currently revievin^-. our staffing; needs, both, in l.'asb.J ngtcn
and in t',-.e fi.-.ld. Please be assured tha': \'ill receive
every ccnsidevatinn.
1 liave referred this correr.poudcnce to in the
; for ininedicte attention.
Sincerely,
9041
Dvv.r :
'jlinr.'; >■<"' f'T ccn.';i.;'i"i-jnr,
Ve i'-.c ciirronlJv rc-virvJ;);: nur ct;iff5!i;: nc-cCr. , both n;i \?:. shin- ton
•r.nd :in ll:(: f.Loli'. ri.-;.sf he nsiiuicd ih.it you v;ill xc-ccivo c:vevy
co:>^ Iccn ittjo;!. ' "
1 b.T.'c rcfcrvcr; this; corrciipondf.ncr. to
for DiiiM'x'isli- nttcnt:ic:
in tl:e
r)i'.-lor.(J j:. ihf- '.inivJavcl iipnlicntjon for fcclorn] cir,p]oyi"C'nt , Ylvcr.c
,c:lmr, i.ii;-. ; c-i-lctC'c'. fojir, to ry ofii.cc ns ll: v,-il] "iK:.!:) vs to r.v,-:].r;!.c
yorr c;-;=Hi jrntions. Tt: viU pIjio serve c-.f. a required, part: of
oin ofiici.-]. record-, jv. tic event of you.r re] ecr.i.un. .-
SJnrorc.1v
'j'Ikm!; you for f.ivir.c- '.ir; t *ie oppor! yni ty to cc'i'icidej" your qi.nli-
fic^lions I(r n r-taff pr'Sition villi \'c tjpprccrp.ti' your
interest and vant to brir^- you \i\> to date on tlic statur. of your
cciritlidacy . ^ j. .
Altl'oi'.^h yc'ur b-ncufirouuc'. 5:3 corvr.epidnble , ve cr.nnot be enco'.ii-^r;^'^^?.
rbout ti^c pror-i-vcets of J.ocatinj^ on i^ppropriote position. Our
projected no; ds: arc of r-udi a nature that ve do not snticipaic
hnviu.j'. a po' i i icia v:hich \.'ould take advanta£.e of your background
J:. id ii'.terc?!. i;. )
V.'c rpprcciatc your intrrer.t and Eu;)port, and exiead best washes
tc > o'.i in your pr-cr.ent art Ivj tier..
9042
1-95
SuJjcliaplcr Tl. Executive ScJicdiile Pay Jlatcs
Sec.
5:111. Tlio Kxrcutivo Scludulc
5:»12. ro:sili<iii:i:.t l.vtl I
.S.-?!.-}. rosilioiis.it l('Vi.I II
6311. I'usltioTis :it. level II!
•Vil.v. r„..ilioM^:,l level IV
MH:. IV-itiuns .'.t level V
5:}17. I're.'id.MiUal iuithority to pl.ice po^^itions ;il
levels IV .md V
SEC. 5311. THK KX ECU FIVE SCHEDULE
Tlic E.xccutivc Scliednlc, which is diviilcd
into five pay Icsol.s, is the basic pay schedule
for jmsilioiis to wliidi tliis siibchu))ter apjjlios.
SEC. 5:512. POSITIONS AT LEVEL I
Level I of the Executive Schedule applies to
the following positions, for which the aininal
rate of bnsic pay is .^60,000: '
(1) Sccrctaiy of State.
(2) Secret Bvy of the 'IVertsury.
(3) Secretary of IJefense.
(4) Attoiiiey General.
(5) [Rei>ealed]
(6) Secretary of the Interior.
(7) Secrctarj' of At^rirulture.
(8) Secretary of Commerce.
(9) Secret ury of Labor.
(10) Secretary of Health, Education, and
Welfare.
(11) Secretary of Housing and Urban Dc-
vclo])ment.
(12) Secretary of Transportation.
SEC. -.M^. vosrrioNs .vr level ii
Level II of the E.xecutive Schedule ap|ilies to
the, follow ing positions, for which the annual
rut»; of bu^ic pay is S4L*,5O0; '
(1) Dejnity Scerelury of Defense.
' lner(„5
.1 fro
11 s;;t
>,()l)ll u
scD.noi) I
pay retoi,,
IH'M'lll
lulK
Itu.lK.
, l'J70, pi
tioii 'J'J.'.flO
Ofl'
, W)
■jor.
(2) Under Secretary ;if State.
(.3) Adnunistratoi-, Ageiu-.y for Intcrnatiomd
Development.
(4; Administrator of the Aalional .\eronau-
tics and Siiaco Administiatioti.
(5) Administrator of Veterans' Afl"aii>.
(G) [Repealed]
(7) Under Secretary of Titmsportation.
(S) Chairman, Atomic lOneigj" (loinntission.
(9) Chairman, Coutn.-il of Economic Advi-ers.
(10) Chairnnut, IJoard of Governois of the
Federal Reserve System.
(11) Director of t!ie Burc.iii of the Uuderet.
(12) Director of tlio Ofhce of Science and
'i'echnoloiry.
(I,'!; L)iicctor of tlie Unite.I States Arm:,
Control and Disiirmament .\^,'ency.
(14) Director of the United States Informa-
tion Agency.
(15) Director of Central Intelligence.
(Ifi) Secretary of the Air Force.
(17) Secretary of the Army.
(IS) Secretary of the Navy.
(19) Administrator, Federal Aviation Ad-
miuistrtition.
(19) Director of the National Scienco
Foundation.
(20) Deputy Attorney CJeneruI.
->(21) I^irector of the Sjieeinl .Vctiou Oflice
for Drug Abnso Prevention. <-
S
Le
the f
rale i
(1)
(2)
C-i)
(■t)
(5)
EC. 5.11 1. POSITIONS AT LEVEL III
vel HI <:f the Excciilive .Schedule applies io
ullnwihg posiliiins, fur which tlio annual
f b:i,ic pay is .S-tO.OOO;^
Solii-itor Cleneral of the United Slates.
lRopeale<ll
Undersecretary of Agriculture.
L'nder Secretary of Commeree.
(Hepealedl
>-ecI from SUil.MMI to .SiO.i
iiimeii.hilioii^ )(u.lm-i, UtT
I.I ..f IM. '>il .Vwi.
1>I) ».y IVr.
H»M S«|,iafnM»l 9<»«-l
9043
l-lOO Book T. Voi.i'MK B. 'i'lTi.r. r> ok tiik I'mtf.d SiAnKs ("odk
(f.) I'lider Sccvcliiiy of Honllli, Ivliicntioii, (:i5) Dopuly F:)iipit(>r of ( 'eiitrnl Intollipieiicc.
nn<I ^Vclfll^c. (iifO Diiortor of the OHice of Eiiiergciicy
(7) UiiilcrS.'.ict.iiy of (ho Iiiiciior. ]'lminin,>r.
fS) \'n.!cr S.r.rlmy of l,:,h.,i-. (.■(7) i)iiiM-t<,r of llic I'em-c Corps.
('.)j Ih.l.T S,-,iclnry ..I SlaU- for rolilicil CiS) ( 'hirf M.>,ii,ul Director ii> tho l)pp,ut-
Adi.ir^ or I'ikI'm Sc ivhiry of Sljilc for l'',ro- nicnt of Mfiliiine mid StirpiMy. Vplcnms'
iioiiii.- Atl'.-iir- •>:iiiil Mil I'liili-r Srcr.'liuy <.f Admuii^lnitioii.
Slide lor (.'oordiiialiiii; Security As-i-.liuie<- (;{0) Uepiily Director, XiitioniilSci. <-e Foitn-
ProLMiimsX- dntioti.
(1(1) Under Seeretiuy of the Treasury. (40) [Repoded]
(ID i:iuh-r Soeretiiry of the 'I'rciisury for (4 1 ) I'l evident of the Mxport-Import Bunk of
Moi:etiiry Allnii->;. Wiishiiigtoli.
(12) Adininistinlor of Cieiieral Services. (42) Members, Atomic EMcrsy Coimnissioii.
(i;5) AdmiiiistrMtor of tlie Smnll Biisidcss (4:j) Mcmhers, Board of C.overiior.s of tlic
Adiniiiistnitioii. Federal Ueserve System.
(14) Dei)iity \(hiiiiiistrator of Veterans' (44) Director of t}ic FeiK-ral Bureau of Tn-
AfVniis. vestigation, Dc[)artmeiit. of Justice.
(15) Deputy Administrator, Ajrency for In- (45) Administrator, Federal Higliway
teinationnl Development. Adminisirution.
(IG) riuiirman. Civil Aeronautic-, Board. (40) Administrator, Federal Railroad
(17) Chairm.-m of tiie United States Civil Administi ation.
Seivice Conimi--- ion. (47) Chairman, Xntional Transportatioti
(18) Chairman, Federal Cominujiieations Safety ]5oard.
Connni>sion. (48) Chairman of the Xational Endowment
(10) Clinii'inan, Board of Directors, I'^cdeial for the Arts ihe incumhent of which aU-o serves
De|)o~it Insurance ('(•rporalioii. as Chairman of the National ( 'ouncil on tiic
(20) Chairman of the Federal Home T-oan .Vits.
Bank Boaid. (49) Chairman of the Xational Endowment
l'21) Clmirniiin, Federal I'ower Commission. for the Humanities. '
(22) Chnirman, Federal 'i'nule Commission. (50) Director of the Federal Mediation and
(215) Chairman, Intor-stutc (.■oinnicrcc Com- Conciliation Sei vice,
mission. (51) Under Secretary of Housing: and Urban
(24) Chnirman, X'ationul Unboi- Relations Development.
Board. (52) Urban Mass Transportation Adminis-
(25) Cliairni.o.n, Securities and Exchanj^e trator.
Connnission. (53) J'residcnl, Overseas Private Investment
(2(i) ChairnnLU, Board of Directors Of the Corporation
Tennes-cc Vallev Aiithorit v.
(5.")) Chairman, Postal Rate CJommissitMi.
(27) ('huirn::..!:, Xational Me.lia.ion l^.ar.i. (^-^ Admini.i rator ..f Law Entorcemcnt
(28) Chairmnt,. Riiih-ond Retirement Board. Assi^iunce
(57) Ciuiirman, Occui)ational Safely ami
licallli Ri'\icw Comini.-..-ion.
(2'.») Ciiaiiiiian, Feileral Maritime Comi
CM)) Comptr..licr of (he (
Cil) Conmu^-i.,ncr of Imcrnal R'e\emie. "^l'"'^) CliMirm.-in, E.puil Employment {)i)poi
(:t2i Dire, I,. r of Defcn -e Kc-cMr.-h and En-i- 1""''.^ Commiw<.n.<-
necrin-. Depart mcnt of Defcn-e
(:;:;i Deputy .\dmiiiiMrator of llie .N.ilional
r ll.c Vatii.n.-.I Vi.iuiil.-.tic.i. ..11 tl.r
A( loiiiiulicT '111. I Si, ace \ihiiuii .tral i^n An- :.ihI tl;.- IIiiinaiMii.-^ .\,-t .jf l!ic.-| piovi l.-.l ilmt ili
Cl.pi n ',r 111. \:,ri.,M,(I |:ih|.i\mii. lit for ill.: IIhuku
(:M. Depmv Director of the Jiiireau ..f
Bml-'cl.
In-I
.lu....
(■li:.in.i;ui of (lie N:lli.ili.il ( oui
9044
(Vnij^lir ."..i. /',/)/ l.'nt.s <niil Si,.<tn,i-<
-1(11
SIC. .'>:!i.-.. POSITIONS A r li;\ i;i, iv
l.rvrl IV ..r Ihr K\r<'Uliv.' S.li.-.lnl, Mpplios
1,. II;.- |nl|..Aii;u' |)>>-i(i"n-,, I".. I u lii.'li llio
:,uvr.A nil.' nl- l>;t-ir pMV i, s:iS,(illll: '
(I) A.li.Mn,-in,i..r. Bnicau ..f <rrun\y :,n.l
('.,u:nl.-.r Air.iir., I >,|>:n t nuTil of Slntc.
(-2) [K.'l,r:,l,..!l
en l)c|>ni\ A.lmiiiisti;ilor (.f {Iciu-tMl Snv-
ilTS.
M) A-S(..-i.Ml.- A.lininistpilor of tlic XatloiiMl
Aoroiifiulii-.-- iiiid S|)iu'('. Adminisliation.
C) A-i-^lanl Administr.ilois. Aponoy for
liilenialioiial Dcvolopnii'iil (li).
(tj) Uogional A-si-itaiit Ailminisl rators.
\<jo:uy for Intcninlional Ofvclopnu-iil I'D.
(7) "Un.lor Scrirtaiy of I lie Air 1m. ice.
(8) I'lulcr So.r.'lary of tlu- Arniy.
(0) Urul'T Sonclsuy of the Navy.
(10) Dopiity I'li.K-r Soca'hiiio.s of Stale (2).
(II) As.vislaut SecTclaiies of A.iciicdlturo Ci).
(12) A<-i.-iaiii So.-.rotaiiis of C'onmuMrr (C.;.-
(1:5) A.vsi-.laiit SeiMOtariesof Defense (!)).
Ml) A->!-,i:tiit Sociotarics of t!u' Ail- Force (4).
(15) A>-^i.<liinl Secielaiie.s of Uie Army (.1).
(If.) A.--isiant Seerelarici (f tlio Navy M).
(17) Ashistanl Secretaries of Health, J^.iucu-
tion, and "Wellure (5).
(IS) As>istant Seerotaries of tiic Interior (i"),'.
(HI) A-sisiaiit Attorneys General (Uj,
(20) A-M~lanl Secrelarie.-, of Labor (5).
(21) iK.|.ealedl
C22) Assistant Secretaries of State (11).
(23) A-sislanLSecrctariesof the Treasury (1).
(2-1) ( hairnian of the United Stales Tarill
Connni.--i'in.
(2.-,) th;ou.iili (2.S, [Kepeah"d|.
(29) Diiertor of Civil J)efensc, Department,
of the A;-: y.
(30) ;i;-'.oale.l].
r.'.O til s:is,ii(iil l.v l'ri'siil(
.) of 1- I.. 'in
..tlon rj..f I
il.-i^r:n,!, I.
(31) Deputy Chief Medical Director in the
Dei.artnu'iit of .Medicine and Sur^'erv, Veterans*
Adniinistralion.
(32) Deputy Director of the Oni.-e of Kiner-
-ency I'latudn-.
(33) D.'pulv Din<torof liio Odice of Science
and 'iVchnol,,cry.
(31) Deputy Director of the iVuco Corps.
(3')) Deputy Director of ihe United .Slule-;
Anus Control and Disarinaineni Agency.
(3t)) J^epiity Direct(,r ..f tlu- United States
liifoiiuatioii .ViTcncy.
(37) Assistant Dircct(.rs of the Bureau of (ho
Budjret (3).
(3S) General Counsel of the Department of
.Vriculture.
(30) Cieneral Counsel of the Dei.artmciit of
Commerce.
(■10) General Counsel of the Department of
Defense.
(41) General Counsel of the Deptutmcut of
Health, Edu-ation, and U'elfare.
(42) Solicitor of the De|mrtmDtil of the
Interior.
(43) Solicitor of the I)epart:ao:i;. <^f Ud>or.
(44) General C-,uu~el <.f the National I,ah.,r
lieiations Boar.L
(4r,) fKepealed]
(4t;) Counselor of the Department of Stnfo.
(47) Le^'al Adviser of tiie Dep.utment of
State.
(4,S) General C. tinsel of the Department of
the TreaMiry,
(49) Kir.-t Vice President of the E\[.ort-
]m|)ort 15ank of Wa-hin-ton.
(•OO) Geiierai .Matui<:;er of the -Vtuniit; lCncr!.'3'
Commission.
(r,l) Governor of the Farm Credit Adininis-
I ration.
(.^2) Inspector General. Forei^ni As<ist.„nce.
(■>:;) Deputy ln-pec|or General, F..rei;,ai A.^--
.sistanee.
(.>!) Memheis. Civil Aer.uuu.tics Board.
(50) .Me.ul.er>, Council of Kconoinic
Ad\i>er>.
i-,i\) .MemI.ers. Board of Directois of the
K.xporl -Import Bank of Wa^iinuton.
(.'>7) Meiid.er-., Federal Coiuminication.,
( 'oiiimi'-sioii.
I..-. 1:
9045
1-U)2
T5o()K T. Vni.tiMK B. Tn
OK TiiK I'nitf.i) Statks C'odk
(.OS) Member, Bonn] of Directors of tlio
Fi'dciiil ])(!|i(isit. Iiisiinuic(i Corpniulion.
(:,'J) Mi-inl.iis IVd.M-nl II... mo I.nnii V,nuk
l>oaiil.
(CD) Mciitlicr., Fcdonil I'.iwcr f^ommissidii.
(til) Member^, I'edi-inl 'I'ludi* (.'ommissioii.
(G'2) Mciiiboiri, Iiid'isiHlc Coinnicrcc C'din-
iiiission.
(G;5) Mombors, Nntioiiiil Liibor Relations
Bon id.
(04) Menibpis, Sci-inilies and Exclinnge
Coniiiiis'iioii.
(65) Mcnibrrs, Bourd of Diiectors of tbe
Teimcssec Valley Autliurity.
(GO) Members, United States C^'ivil Service
Conmiission.
((iT) Members, l-'edcral >b\rltiine Commission.
(GS) Members, Nntioiial Mediation Boaid.
(CO) Members, Railroad Retirement. Jioard.
(70) Director of Selective vService.
(71) Associate Director of I be Federal Bu-
reau of Iiivcstigution, Dopartmeiit of Justice.
(72) -»Meniber.^,<" ICqual Eiiiploymcnt Oi)-
jjortunit}- Commission.
(73) Cbiof of Protocol, Dc])artmcnt of State.
(7'1) Director, Bureau of Intelligence and
Researcb, Depurtment of Slate.
(7.'j) ]3ircctor, Comnumity Relations Service.
(7G) United States Attorney for tbe District
of C'ohimbia.
(77) United States Attorney for tbe Soutbern
Di.slrict of Ne« York.
(78) Members, National Transportation
Safely Board.
(79) General Counsel, l^cpartment of Truns-
porlalioii.
(80) Dei)uty Ailtniiiistralor, I'Vderal Aviation
Adiuinistiation.
(.SI) Assistant Secretaries of 'JVaiisportution
(4).
(.S2) Director of Public Roads.
(S;j) AdmiTii>trati.r of tlio S( . Lawrence Sea-
way De\cl(i])ment Cnij)(»ialion.
(S'l) Assistant .Secretary fur Science, Smitli-
(.S.")) Assistant .Secretary fur lii-toty and Art,
Smitlisntiian Tn-litulion.
(SG) Deputy A<!nuni-.| rutor ..f I lie Sninll (5um-
ne-s Admini>tr«liun.
(S7) Assistant .'secretaries of Housing and
Urban JJeveloimient (G).
(SS) (K-neral Cunsel of ibc Department of
Housing and Urban J)cveloi)iiienl.
(S'J) (.'ommis<ioner of Interama.
(1)0) Associate Administrator of Law En-
forcement Assistance (2).
(91) Federal Insurance Administrator, De-
partment of Housing aiul Urban Development
(02) lO.xciiitivc Vice President, Overseas
Private Jnvcstmeut Corjjoratiun.
(92) Administrator of tbe National Credit
Union Administration.
(9;<) Members, Postal Rate Commission (4).
(94) Members, Occui)alioiial Safety and
Dealt b licview Commission.
->(y.5) Deputy Director of the Sp(!cial Action
CXIice for Drug Abuse Preventiun.<-
Si:C. 5.316. POSITIONS AT LFVKL V
Level V of the K.xccutive Schedule n[)plies to
the following jiositions, for whicli the annual
rate of basic, pay is S3G,000: '
(1) Administratoi-, Agricult'iral Marketing
Service. Department of Agriculture.
(2) Administrator, Agricultural Research
Service, Department of Agriculture.
(3) Aiiministrafor, AgriiniUural Stabilizatloi'.
and Conservation Service, Dopartnient of
Agriculture.
(4) Administrator, Farmers llotne Adminis-
tration.
(5) Adi!)inistrfttor, Foreign Agricultural Serv-
ice, Dejiarfment of Agrictdture.
(G) Administrator, Rural lOlectrification Ad-
ministratiun. Department of Agriculture.
(7) Administrator, Soil Conservation Serv-
ice, D<'!iartmcnt of AgricuUuie.
(8) Administrator, Buniunille Power Adinin-
istratiiin, Di-partnient of the Interior.
(9) Administratnr of the National (.'apital
Transportation Agency.
(10) lKei)eidedl
(11) A>>ociate Administrators of tbe Small
Busincs.-^ Administration (3;.
' liu-na^.'d fn.m .SJS.OOO l.> .S:U;,1I00 l,y V:
Ii;n rri;Miimci.il;Ui')MH, lliidcct, I'.ITO. (nii
MCP ,11 ■..'.'■ih) of r. I,. !)i)-l.'l)f,.
121
Fr.M .<,ip,>I.-i..rnl 09'>-!
9046
Clwptir 53. Pii]i Hiilf^ and Si/ftcins
1-103
(12), (13), Kli.i (IJ) ll{ci)onl.Hil.
(l;"i) Assdiiiiti^ Ailminislnitdr f^r Advniicofl
Kcsciircli iiiul 'IVrliiu>li)^cy, Xiuiomil Acroiiiuitics
iukI Spiicti Admini-tnilioii.
(10) As-^dcinlo Adiuinirsl 1 iitor fui' S|>iuc Sci-
ence imtl Applii-nliiviis, Xutiuiml Acnmuutics
niid Sparc AdiuiiiislnUioii.
(17) Ass(iri:i(c Adiiiiiii>liiUor for Mniiiicd
Spiicc Flight, Niitioiiiil AfiDiiiuilics and i^pncc
AdniiiiislnUion.
(18) Associuto Deputy Administrator, Na-
tioiial Aeronautics and Sjitice Administration.
(19) De|)Uly Associate Administrator, Na-
tiomil Aeronautics and Space Admiiiislrution.
(20) Associate Deputy Administralor of
Vclernns' Affairs.
(21) Areliivisl. of the United States.
(22) [Kepealedl
(23; As.sislunt Secietary of Agriculttue for
Administration.
(24) A.ssistant Secretary of HcnUli, Educa-
tion, and ^Vell'are for Adniinistrntion.
(25) [K.^pealedl
(2G) Assistnnl Attorney General for Admiuis-
trntion.
(27) Assistant .Secretary of Labor for Ad-
niinistrntion.
(2S) Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for
Adininistralion.
(29) A.ssistant General Manager, Atomic
Energy Conunission.
(30) Assistant and Science Advibcr to tlie
Secretary of the Interior.
(31) Chairjnnn, Foreign Claims Settlement
Comnii^sion of the United States.
(32) Chainnan of the Military Liaison
Coinnuitee to the Atomic Energy Commi.^sion,
Depnninc nt of Defense.
(33) C!;:'.irnuin of llie Renegotiation 15nanl.
(3'0 Ci, airman of the Subversive Activities
Control P.o;ud.
(35) Chief Cum, el for the Internal iievemie
Service, Dr|.aitMienl of the 'i'leasiny.
(30) Cliief I'orcstcr of the J'ore.^t Ser\ ice,
Department of A-ricnlt ore.
(37) [K.pcal.dl
(3.S) ll{..pealedl
(30) Couuui.Moner of Customs, Dej.arlmenl
of tlie ']-rea.nrv.
(40) Commissioner, Federal Supply Service,
General Services Administration.
(41) Coimiiissioncr of Education, Depart-
ment of Uealtl), ICducation, and Welfare.
(42) Commissioner of Fish and Wildlife,
Department of the Interior. »
(43) Connnissioner of Food and Drugs, De-
partment of Ileallii, ICducation, and Welfare.
(44) Commissioner of Immigration and Nat-
uralization, Department of Justice.
(45) Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Depart-
ment of the Interior.
(4G) [Repealed)
(47) Commissioners, Indian Claims Com-
mission (5).
(48) Commissioner of Patents, Department
of Commerce.
(49) Commissioner, Public Builditigs Service,
Cieueial Services Administration.
(50) Commissioner of Reclamation, Dei)Rrt-
inent of the Interior.
(51) Connnissioner of Social Security, De-
partment of Health, Education, and Welfare.
(52) Conmiis-ioner of Vocational Kehabilila-
tion. Department of Ilealtl;, Educatio:;, and
Welfare.
(53) Commissioner of Welfare, De[)arlmciit
of Health, Education, and Welfare.
(54) Director, Advanced Research Projects
Agenc}', Department of Defcn.-c.
(55) Director of Agricultural Economics,
Department of Auriculturc.
(5G) Director, Puicau of the Census, Depart-
ment of Coimncrcc.
(57) Director, P>ureau of Mines, Department
of the Interior.
(5S;) Director, Bureau of Prisons, Depart-
ment of Justice.
(59) Director, Geological Survey, De[)art-
ment of tiu> Inteiior.
(CO) [Repealed!
(01) Director, .Vaiiomil Bureau of Standards
Department of Commerce.
(ir'J; Director of Regulation, Atomic Eiu-rgy
((■>.'!) Director nf Scien.-e and Education,
Department of Agri.ull ore.
(til) Deputy I ndcr Se.retary for .\fonetury
Alt'airr^, Department of l!ie Treasiny.
r.M .<>u|.|.i. ..,
Inxt 121
Jiii.r •». i<;72
I-KM
9047
lUx.K 1. Vni.i'MK n. 'I'ni.E .-■) OK Till-; UMTr.i) SiAu:'^ Coi
(r.,"i) l)c'|)tily (•uiiiniis-.ioiuM- of Iiilenml liov- (02) Mcitil)ci-s, Siilivorsivo A.-tiviti«^s Control
ciini\ Dcparlmcnt .'f (lu- 'l'ro:isiii-v. Boiinl.
((•,'•.) A~Mst;iiil Diivrl.,!-, \";ilion;il S.ieii.o (():'.) M.Mnhcis, United St:,l.-s Turin' fom-
F..ui'.,i.,iinn (-1). n.i-<si,,n.
(ti7) Di'imly Din-.l.T, !'oli,-y ami I'liins (04) iind (9.".i ( l{c|,c.ilc.l|
rnile.l Sial.s"lMfni,,i:.lion A-rnry. (00) l)c|n.ly Din-.-lors of Defense Rcso.nvl.
(CS) Deputy Cuii.ral Couiim'1, ])cp:u tnirnl Mii.l IOn^inccrin<,'. l)<'|)!irlniont. of Dofeiuse (1).
of Dofoiisc. (07) Assistant Adininistrator of Ccnernl
(fiO) l)('pnty (irncral Manai;fr, Atomic Services.
Kneri'V ( 'onunission. (OcS) Director, United States 'I'nuel Service,
(70) A.->ociale Director of the Fcfleral Media- " Department of Commerce.
tion and Cnncihation Service. (00) Kxe<Milive DirciMor of the United States
(71) Associate Director for Volunteers, Peace Civil Service ("'ominission.
Corps. (100) Administrator, Wa-e and Hour and
(72) Associate Director for I'mgram Dcvel- Pulilic Contracts Division, Department of
opmcnt and Operations, Peace Cor|)s. T..alH>i-.
(7r-!) Assistants to llie Director of the Federal (101) Assistant Director (Procrrani IMannine-,
Bureau of ]nvestic:alion, Department of Justice Amilysis niid l^esearch), Odice of Economic
(2). Oppoilunily.
(7-1) Assistant Directors, Oflicc of lOmergcjicy (102) Assistant (!eneral Mannpcrs, Atomic
l'li.niiin.L' (3). Energy Commission (2).
(7.0) Assistant Directors, United States Arms (103) Associate Director (Policy ami Plans),
Contrail ami Disarmament Agency (I). United States Infurmation .\gct\cv.
(70) [Uepeulcdl (104) Chief lienelits Director, Veterans' Ad-
(77) Fiscal Assist iiiit Secretary of tlic n.ini^trntion.
Treasury. (lOo) Commi.ssioner of Lahor Statistics, De-
(7(S) Ccnenil Counsel of the Agency for ])artmcnt of Eahor.
International Development. (1 00) Deputy Director. National Securitv
(70) GeTicral Counsel of the Department of Agency.
the Air Force. , , , ,^ , "(107) Director, Bureau of I.aml Managc-
(SO) General Counsel of the Department of ,„^,„, i)ep„,.tmeut of the Interior.
*''^, ■)'">'■• , ,, , , „ ,, . ,. (lOS) Director, National Park Service, De-
Comnu^sioT ''^'"'' '""■' """' "^ *'" ' "^"■'"'■-
,oo^ 1 /ION (I. 1 II 0(^0) Director of Intornalionnl Scientific Af-
(S2) and (S3) !\cpcaie<l r ■ n , , r o. .
, ,. ,, 1 o I r .1 I-, , , r fun-s, Department of State.
(.S4) Genend ( ounseJ of the Depaitmcnl of / ^ !•,
tlie Navy K^^^n General Counsel of the Veterans'
(Hr,) (V-nend (•■vinsei of the Unite.l States Admmi-tration.
Arms Conlror -mA I )isarnu,.nent Agency. d") -^[Kcpeale.ll<-
(SO) Gencr;:! ( .iiiM'l of the National Aero- d''-'> Xntional Export Expansion Coordi-
liautics and Space .\,lmimstral ion. "^''"i-. ncparluu-ut of C merce.
(.s7) Governor .if the Canal /..nc. ("•>) Special Assistant to the Secretary of
(S.s; Man|)o\\er A.lininistrator, DepurtmenI, Defense,
of i>ul)or. (114) Staff Director, Commi-^sion on Civil
r.sO) .Maritime Administrator, Dcpartmcni. of Righl-.
Conuneree. (I i.',) I'liiled SiaJes Att.irnev for the Nortli-
(00) .Memher.. Foreign ( 'laim- Setlh-ment ern 1 )ls| , irr ..f 1 llmoi -.
Conmn-ii.n of the Pniled Sl.-,le~. IlIOl fniled Stales Attornev for the Soulh-
(01) Memhe.s, Kenrgoliaiion l5oard. ern l)i,Mirl .,f Caiiloinia. ' .
Ii.x 121
J..... •>. l<>-2
9048
Cluijiirr .'>3. I'liy Unlf.-^ ami Si/slrrn.t
1-10.1
(117) A.ssistimt Serietiiiy for Ailiiiiiiisliii-
tion, Dopiiilmciit of Tnuispoi liitioii.
(lis) Dimtor, Uiiilcd SlaK--^ Xntiomil Mii-
sfiiiii, .Smitlisoiiinii liislitiition.
(119) Diroi'tor, Siiiiilisoniaii As(ro|i!iysi(al
()l)serv:iton, Sinil lisoniim [iistiiu(i(.ti.
(120) Aiimiiiistiiitor for Economic Dcvelop-
riKMit.
(121) |HciH'^il''<ll
(122) Assistiint Sccrotiiry of Ilousin^^ iiiul
ITrhnii ]3evclojmH'iit for Adniitiislration.
(123) [licpcalcd]
(124) ])ircctor, National Highway Safety
Btircau.
(125) Dircrlor, National Truflic Safety
Bureau.
(120) lUci.calcd).
(127) Director, Bureau of Nnrcoticy and
Dunsrerous Drugs, Di'|>artnient of Justice.
(128) Auditor-General of the Agency for In-
ternational Development.
(120) Vice Presidents, Overseas rrivute In-
vestment Corporation (3).
(130) Deputy Adnunistrator, Urban Ma'^s
Transijortation Administration, Department of
Transportation.
->(131) Assistant Directors, Special Action
Ollice for Dvw^ Abuse Prevention (0).'
(131) General Gouusel of the K(iual Em-
liloyiiieiiL Oj)j)ortunily Commi.-.sion.-'<-
Si:C. .^317. Pin:Sll)ENTIAl. ALTHOKITV
TO PLACE POSIIIONS AT LKVEl.S IV
AM) V
In addition to the positions listed in .sections
5315 and 5310 of this title, the President, from
tiinc to time, nni_\- |)Iacc in levels 1\' and V of
the E\o. Hive Schedule positions lield liy not to
e.vcecii ■'■4 indixidnals when he considers thut
action r:.' i--.;iry to relh-ct chaiii^es in oi^'aniza-
in an ICxccnlive aj.M'ncy. .Sncli an action v, itii
respect to a position to uhicli aiipoini ineiil is
rna.h' by the lV<'M<h'nt by and willi tlic aih ice
an.) cunscnl of the Senate i, elfcclivc .iniv at
tlie time of a lu-u appoinlmenl lo the pn^iiii.n.
' As ,„l,|,-,l l,v I'ul.li.- l.:iu- TJ J.-,-,, M:,i,h .;i, i'17-J
' A-i a.l.l.,! I,y I'ul.l;,- l.au !)-' -.'i.t, .\l.inl, Jl. I'lT-'
Notice of each action taken under this section
shall be published in the Federal Refjister, e.x-
cc])! when the President deternnnes that the
publication wou!<l be contrary to the interest
of national security. The Pre.-ident may not
take action under this section witii respect lo n
l)osition the pay for wjiich is fixed at ii s[)ecific
latc bj' this subcha[)ler or by statute enacted
after August 14, 1904.
NoTj;: Under authority of section 5317 of
title 5, United States Code, liie President, by
IC.xecutive order, has placed in levels IV nnd V
the following positions.
Level IV
(1) Special Assistant to the Secretary (Con-
gressional relations). Treasury Depuri'ment.
(E.O. 114S9)
(2) Princijjal Deputy Director of Defei-.^c
llescarch ami Engince.ing, nepartmcnt of
Defense. (E.O. 11 248)
(3) Administrator, Social .md Kchabilita-
tion Service, Department "4" Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare. (E.O. 114119)
(4) Administrator, National Institute-; of
Health, Department of Health, Education, ami
Welfare (E.O. 11409)
(5) Assistant Director, Oi ;(:<• of Manag<'-
ment and Bndiret, Executi.i; Oflico of liie
President. (E.O. 11540;
(0) Director, Ollice of Forei;rn Direct Tnvesi-
nients, Dei)artment of Commerce. (lO.O. iribO)
(7) Administrator, Health .Services a.nd
Mental Health Administratioi . Department of
Health, Education, and Well: re. (E.O. 114G..I
(S) Deputy Under Socicl..ry for Intcri; -
tional Labor Affairs, Depnitment of Labor.
(E.O. 1140S)
(9) Director, l^iuted Slates Secret .Servi.e,
Treasury DeparlnuMit. (E.O. 11441)
(10) A.-snciatc Dir.-ct.u-, Oihcf of Managf-
nicni and Hud-rt. Executive Ollice c.f ilu-
Presi,hMit. ilvO. \\:>U))
(11) .\ssislant to the Se(avtary for Ileallli
I'ohcx, Department of llealih, Education, and
\V(4raic. lE.O llf.lll)
(I'J) ( haiiman, I'.mx Board. (E.O. llOIMi
(13) Chaiiinan, l'ri(e (•ommi--ion. il". ( ).
11034;
ri'M .'>;u|.,>l.n..nl WO-l
• 9, Ivt;
9049
i-ior.
KooK 1. Vo(
n. Ti
Lcrd V
(1) diinnii<Miiiicr on A^riir^, Depardru'nt i)f
llealll,. K.lu.-:.ti..n, niul Wclfnre. (Vl.O. 112.1S)
(2) I'liiuipal n.-|>uly AvMsfMiit S<-,rot:uv of
l).>f,.|iM- (Iii(.Mti.,ii..,K,i Stcnrify Airairs), Do-
IxirlHR'iit of Di-ffiiso. nC.O. 11218)
(."<) As.-,itflniit SniTolary, ('omi)trrtll(>r, Dc-
pnrdnent of Ucallli, Kdiuntion, iiiul Wolfnro.
(E.G. 112r,l; sn ^^'iit. 13!)0)
(4) Director, IJiirouii of Otildoor Recreation,
Dei)nrtnicnl of the Interior. (E.O. 11202)
(5) Assistant to the Secretary of Defense
(Eciiislalive Aduirs). (E.O. 112t)2)
(G) Depiilj- ])ircctor of Defense Kc-scnrch
and Enpinecring, Department of Defense.
(E.O. 11303)
(7) PrinciiJul Dc|)iity Assistant Secretary of
Defense (Coniptiollcr), Department of Defense.
(E.O. 11273)
(8) Deinity Assistant Secretary for .\fodel
Cities, Dejxirtmcnt of I lousing and Urban
Develoijment. (E.O. llo42)
(9) ])epnty Commissioner of Social Se-
curity, ])eparlment of llenltli, Education, and
Welfare. (E.O. 11323)
(10) Cojnnii>~ioner, Property Management
and Disposal Service, General Service.=i Adminis-
tration. (E.O. 1133o)
(11) Deputy Under Secretary, Department
of Transportation. (E.O. 1I33S)
(12) Deputy Assistant Secretary for .\r<.rt-
;ra;,'i! Credit, Department of Housing and
Urban Development. (IvO. IKMC.)
(13) Deputy Adnunistrator, Ifealtli Services
and Montal Health Adiniuistralion, Depart-
ment of Health, Education, nnd Welfare.
(E.O. 11-109)
(14) Counselor to the Department of
Health, Educatir.n, and Welfare. (E.G. 115.^)0)
(15) Deputy Director, United States Secret
Service, Treasury Department. (E.O. 11441)
(IG) Sjiecial Assistant to the Secretary fur
Policy Development, Department of Com-
merce. (E.O. 11.010)
(17) Assist ani to the Secretary ,.i\>[ Deputy
Secretary of Defense. (E.O. 11504)
(18) De|)uty Assistant Secretary of Defense
for Reserve Afl'aii-s. (MO. 11421)
(19) Conunissione.r, Transj)orf ation and Coiu-
tnunicaiions Service, General Services Admin-
istration. (E.O. 11499)
(20) Assistant to the Secretary, Dei);irtment
of Com;ncrce. (E.O. 115U">)
(21) Deputy Administrator, Federal Railroad
Administration, Departnient of Transporuition.
(E.O. 11581)
9050
OCITIOM DUSCniPTlON
ICATION ACnOH
Classification Officer
See attached STATIMKNT OF DUTir
9051
Exhibit 36
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
MEMORANDUM November 9, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR CLARK MAQGrEGOR
FROM: DAN TODD
SUBJECT: FINAL REPORT, OAD
In view of the fact that the 1972 effort to secure the Dver-60 vote for
Richard Nixon represents the first time a major Party has conducted
such a campaign, this report is perhaps more comprehensive than
required. It does, however, represent a proven base line for future
operations in this area.
Inasmuch as 1972 was a particularly unusual political year, it is ex-
tremely diffictdt to quantify the impact of some of our operations. How-
ever, I strongly believe the improvement of the President's standing
with the older voter resulted from 18 months of planning and effort on
our part rather than from a rejection of the opposition candidate.
Essentially, our cannpaign plan (Tab 1) was developed from the informa-
tion gathered during the 1971 White House Conference on Aging. We
concentrated on two basic objectives: improving the image of the
President as a concerned human being and the personal involvement of
the maximum number of Older Americans in the political process
itself.
While our target states were essentially the same as the Connmittee's
(Tab 2), we hoped for operational programs in all 50 states and wound
up with functioning programs in 37. (Tab 3)
Instructions were issued to all of our Chairmen to work closely with the
overall Nixon operations and to concentrate on two major projects: the
organization of focal points and the conduct of Older Americans Forums.
(Tab 4)
To assist our Chairmen, we prepared a basic organization plan (Tab 5)
and provided a filnra. Speech Kit, brochures and buttons (Tab 6) and a
32-818 O - 74 - pt.
9052
2.
list of Federal programs in their state (Tab 7). Staff support was pro-
vided from D. C. by myself and 3 others (J. Mills, R. Sykes, C. Todd)
all of whom traveled extensively and P. Sedlak and J. Prokop who
remained based in the Washington Office.
Other than an extensive and coordinated use of USG resources (Tab 8)
no outside vendors or facilities were utilized other than the support
available from other divisions of 1701. (Tab 9)
Our Field operations were fully integrated with state COP efforts, State
and local candidates and the RNC although the degree of cooperation
with RNC varied. Our central staff all had had professional experience
and the specific programmatic knowledge and contacts within the field
were an essential ingredient in our success.
Our combined contacts allowed us full entry both at the national and
state level to all political groups, elderly membership organization aid
government operations which permitted the maximum degree of coordina-
tion and a minimvim oi wastage of time or resource. Considering that
we dealt with 29. 7 million constituents, our budget ($129, 000. 00) was
minimal and on the whole, effectively spent.
Weak Points
The weakest link in our operations was the delay of implementation at
the state level. This was caused by indecision at 1701 as to budget
allocation and priorities. Once this situation was straightened out, the
program moved forward qmckly and effectively.
Our Film, prepared by KEW iroTn the WHCoA, was a qualified success.
Although the cost to us was small, the resultant use was also small due
to the quality of the effort. I think the concept was excellent, but a special
project should have been done which would have much more impact. I
would strongly recommend that such an effort be made in any future
campaign.
Another weak part of our effort was the handling of the national organizations
(run exclusively ouc of The White House) and, quite frankly, our program
was hampered by some misplays in that area. Nobody ever really achieved
the level of control or communication with The White House staff that we
had elsewhere and this type of situation should be avoided in the future.
9053
3,
STRONG POINTS
The dual objective of focal point organization and the conduct of forums
was, undoubtedly, the best conceived part of our program and had the
most impact. This was prinnarily true because we built the effort on
hximan rather than partisan terms and the resxiltant media coverage and
acceptance within the Older community was substantial.
I doubt if there has ever before been such a massive effort by a political
organization to involve itself directly in the daily lives of so many. This
effort, of course, can only be accomplished in an encumbent situation
and the available resources of the Administration through Arthur Flamming,
Elliot Richardson and the Domestic Affairs Council were miaximized. (Tab 10)
Another area we concentrated on which was very successful was to utilize
as many youth volunteers as possible to work with the elderly. They were
used primarily in the organization of the nursing and convalescent homes
and we found very strong empathy between the young and old on which we
were able to capitalize both with the press and within the commvmities
themselves.
As for accountability, we required only that we be kept advised of the names
and addresses of the people who accepted responsibility for our program.
Rather than require lengthy regular reports from our volunteers, our staff
travelled extensively meeting with our states organizations and directly
supervising operations. Their reports were used as indications of progress
and for identification of weak spots.
In addition to creating much good will at the state level, this system
allowed us a closer and more dependable tracing of the campaign effort.
Conclusion
I would strongly recommend that the type of campaign we conducted this
year serve as a model for all future Older Americans efforts.
Beyond the political organization of nursing homes, retirement complexes,
old age homes, etc. , and an extensive series of community forums, there
is little in a political campaign that can be designed exclusively for the
elderly. Their true value is as support troops for phone centers and store
fronts and every effort should be made to solicit their full participation.
9054
One thing we tried to do this year was to make it as easy as possible
for them to participate. We accomplished this by giving the older volun-
teers assignments which did not reqiiire travel or physical inconvenience
(organizing their own residential complexes, running hostess phone
operations, etc. ). By retaining maximum flexibility in our approach, we
were able to vitalize almost every person who wanted to become involved.
I would certainly recominend that future campaigns include a strong
Older Americans Division and that the older voters receive the attention
and recognition that they deserve. Their impact at the polls is immense
and they are too fertile a group to pass over lightly.
9055
CO\.,vllTTEE y-OR THE r^tZ-CLECTlON Or TML PRT "IDcNT ^^l «^
Exhibit 37
MEf.lOKANO'JM March 7. 1972 z^^/^"*^-^^
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM T OR: ' TIIE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHEL]
THROUGH: FREDERIC V. MALEK
FROM: ^ WEBSTER B. TODD, JB^.l^l^^^r * ^''^
SUBJECT: . OLDER AJvIERlCANS DIVISION
.fc^"'^
Attached is the proposed campaign plan for the Older Americans
division.
Because of the time pi-escures and the difficxilly in assembling a
good s'afi, I would appreciate expeditious consideration of this
document so that we may begin in earnest the effort to secure the
s\-pport of this ccnstituencvo
Altachinent
9056
O.LDh"; R AiM KR IC AN3
C Ai\'I P AX G N P L A N
9057
SUMMARY
Ovw over::!! objcci i'.'c- is 1o inci:case the ]c'\'ol of aw;- vf^nojis amor:;;
Oklfi- Americans I'u'i .R)ch;\rd Nixon cares aliou! Iheni -- sufiicifutly
to c->su;-c: Ihcit they \c-tc fur liini hi iNi'ovciijbcr .
Thiij wil] be ac.hie\ ■: d tlirou£',h:
Very stron;;; grass rools C',j"fori tci get the vole: out hi November,
not only thro\igh regi s i j-etion and CJinva&ning init also t^ij-ou;(h
lOlection Diiy activities to get the. elderly to the polls.
MaxiiTium ii'iiJization of government informatioi-i system to
include design, production and distribution of iTiailpiece s,
posters, films, etc.
Maxijnun-: ;ise of President (and First Family) for clrop-bys and
major appearances at elderly functions and in .=. litutions .
l.iaximum eflective utilization of Federal government resources
through implementation f;f the plan laid cut by the Cabinet
Cornniitcec on Aging,
Kla>:jmum j)vib'licity of Aid. .nnistr;iticn efforts on behalf of the
elderly tnrc.u5;h .Pre sidcjitial statements, Congressional
test:mo2iy, ficJ.d a^jpearance by P'lemming, Richardson, ivkirtin
and coordiriation of J^'.-'partmenial releases.
9058
caidp/jon plan fo!;. older americans
bact:groui\d
V,'h-n dc fii-iod in Icrn-s of 60 years old and older, there are 29, 716, 000
(_ 1; , i 'i^,-' older American voters. 86% of t'hosc eligible claiin v?Jid
j-c-;-.i:itriitio7\ eind tlioir anti c.ipi'.t'^d lurnoul. Ihit; year (ZO, 801, 200) moans
Tnai iliey coniprisc '-'4. 1% of (he projected total vote.
Thi: elderly. arc fai- from a mo:!olithic group (9?.% AVliile; 43% Male;
70% own their own pi. ice o'' renidsnce; 5% aj-e institutionalised;
?.-'% live below the BI.-S poverty line; two-thirds reside in naetropolitan
aj-cas; only 6% hold a college der.;ree; 58%) are retired). Though more
are rrc.dstf.red D^inocrals (45% ■>', 33%), as a group they give the
Prcside'nt a liigher appro'-'al rating (han does tlie gciuM-al populace and
they have a. tendeiicy to identify 2:)ersonally v/ith incUviduals rather than
respond along party lines. (Tab A)
In i960, they favored Nixon over Kcmnedy (54-46), in 1964, Jolmson
o%er Colilv^'ater (59-41) and in I96S they aga.in s\ipporIc;d Ni xoji over
Hnmphrey (47-41).
Gallnp has conductc'(1 Iwejity- se\on national surveyr; since the President
toolv o'^ficjc wliich ];errnits con",]>a ri s on bu'tween those. o\'er 50 and llic
loval electorate on ll;e job approval questioji. The di f fe leiice in most
c.'-ses v/as a few points, but (he o\'erall picture is one of signi f i canlly
fever di sapprova.l ratings an-ion.g older voters. In no instance did
di v.^ -p-pro\al exceed approval. Tiiese characteristics clumge even more
fa\-oral)]y toward th.e President when the base age is raised from 50
to 60.
In ti'e mLOst. recent tl-.ree-mpn trial lieats (Nov. 1971) ar.eong the older
voters the President beats Muskle (47-38), Ilumplirey (45-39) and
Krnnedy (48-36).
Just as there is no "typical" oldci- American, (lie re is no single Issue
v.Viicli <;:lic-ils iinari i n-ons respon.-e (Tab B). Income comes close, bu" /
it docs not enjoy (he rallying power that Medicare did la I96O. ■/
l.ak- the (■)(•< tor---(- in ;;er;eral. Older An-.ciicans ;>rc primarily cor,-
cr r}\c(] abovLt (hjl w l.i cli' aff c c: s their daily life. 'Iheir inferc-st:; and
9059
Campaign Plan for Older Am
concerns d.tc: naxch morp short term, however, and lo:.g rajv..c»
pTo^jT.n!5^ or prornisr:s have liltlo xnQui^nco compared to iu-Kne.diidc
action and solid past pei-rorinance .
Perli.ap;; tlie o\-er riding pliilosoplucal issue is a sense oi" dir.cnf i anchi.sc;
meni and laclc of iiivolvement in America's daily pntlern of life;. Tlvis
feeling may be re.anife .st ed in the for.ni of inadequate or unavailable
transportation; unsuitable housing facilities; complicated and inadeciuat-.
governnient health care procedures; nutritional p.-'-otuerru; ca-.ised by
ldr;h prices, marketing difficulties and Tack of nrUritioJial education or
inabilicy to gain even part lime eiriployment.
It is clear that, vvliateve tiie deiail of tlie irritant, the n iderlyin<;
cause is that his value has faded and all that he once had is vonc ox-
Coinj. Thf establishment of a "he cares about me" ati.itude is morr
important v\/ithOIder Amc-ricans tJiany any other constituency.
9060
Carnp.'ij;;;/). P' i for Oid.er /\rnei-ic:aas - 3.
ST.RATEGX
Tlic Ij.isic objective of the can-jnaign will be to ensure thr.t a constit-
uco.ry cpseii^.ijilly p-.-cclisj)osed to our philosophy is r.ii.cceGK [\illy
horncssed next faU.
¥,"c cm acliic;V(> t!iis objective by ( 1 ) cr.tablif.liing a strong, pjositive
a.1iilud.j on the part of older Americans in their rec<.clion lo Presidential
ir.iliallves; (2) domonstraltt t)ie President's c'lcern for the elderly;
(3) create th(^ feeling that Ihe President ''carci-" for then-.; (4) motivate
the elderly to vofe for the President.
Specifically, we v.'jll concentrate our efforts in those states where
a significant support factor at^iong over-60 \otcrs c;an influence the
O'/eroiJl result cither by offsetting an unfavoi\H l)le block or tipping an
o: lie r wise close race in favor of the President. (Tab 1)
To gi't these votes, it v.'ill be necessary to ]3rovide the President with
a solid record of performance as regards the elderly and to maxij-nizc
liis personal identification with the substantive steps as they are taken.
la sliort, to create an atmosphere tliat "the President cares and here
is v.'lvit ho !ias don.e". l>y carrying forward the momentum de\'eloped
prioi to and during tlie Wliite House Coiifercnce or^ Aging and ensure
Prosiflential inx'olvement a.s ncv.' initiatives are ta]-.cn.
'Ihv Cabinet Committee on /^ging is considering the recommendations
o+' tile A'.'hiie House Conference on Aj;ing and have assigjied irjdividtial
dcj^rirtn-.ents syjecific recomniendations for action analysis. Those
i)iit!ri;'\es alrca.-l-.' announced by the President and/or Execxitive
Departments liax-e been catalogued and follow-up resporcsiljility as-
signed so that there is delivery on all commitinents. (Tab C)
The four major areas of effort in implementing this strategy ."ire:
Arthur Flemming, who as Cliairn-ian of the White House Conference
on AgiiAg and S])ecial Conr.ultajit to the President, \.'ill liave rn?.ny
c]i]jov|i.,nitjcs to represent the IVesident and the Administration in the
field :-i.-:d wlio will provide iinpetus to tJic intorch-parlment al efforts
(Tab I)); the Cabinet Committee on Aging and The White IIou^.o Staff
v.hc> w'll erisure Iha! the overall stj-ategy of tlie Adn^inistration is fxilly
dcvclop-.'d, coordir.ated, and follov/ed through on (Tab E); tlie
9061
Ca.m])aip,n IMan lor OJcler Ainoric
Dcp.irtmcnl of Ilcc.lth, Eclucalion and \Vo\Ure and the yulmiiiistration
on Aging wliose representative;; will have the. niajorify of Congmssional
appearances and the day-to-day operational responsibility for ir,:ple-
nicntalion of \he Aurniniytralioji's strategy (Tab F) and the efforts of
the CoiJiiTiittee for tlie Re-IClection of the Prcsideiit io get the story
told in the fi-ld and ensure a heavy vote in November.
9062
for C^l'lor Amc]
/U3JI 'X ON Pi. A 'i<l_
It is'irnportaait lo recofjirizc that Ihir; cam])aii{n plan is a general one- that
ha;: as its objective tlic: cic- vcloj.iirient oT t?ic broadest posr.it:ile appoa]
to\''ard tiie elderly, 'i'he individual state plajis v.dll be mnch. inort: do-
tailc:d and v.'ill be tailorc d to the individual Dtate situations. A.s an over-
all ph;n, tiiis ti-ceilt; lliT-ec area.s; policy, puljlicily, and field operations.
Policv lf;s-aes
InterJially, it is c^ur intention to utilize tlie Cabinet Con-.n^-iil tee on Aging
as tl:o major .source of Presidential initiatives. Toward this end, the
recom.'-nendations of the White House Conference on Aging have been
cai-eiully staffed out and reduced in number to those wliicli are ( 1 ) Con-
sistent v.'ith Administration philosophy, ( 2 ) Fit the fiscal constraints
imposed by Oa-IB, ( 3 ) Maximize existing authorities and resources,
( 4 ) Lend tliemselves to immediate administrative action. Those initia-
tives already a,njiouiiced by the President and/or Executive Departments
have been catalogued and lollow-iTp re sponsil:)ility assigned so that there
is delivery on all coiniTiitments. (Tab C)
The recommendations have been divided into four major areas: ( 1 )
"ombudsina2>'' f'.uiction for the elderly; ( 2 ) luitrition; ( 3 ) volimteerism.
and manpower development and { 4 ) housing/living arrangennents. Each
area has been assigned a project irianager v/ith responsibility to provide
the Cabinet CoaTimittee v/ith staff piipers recorjimending appropriate
Administration action. (Tab G)
These actions along v.'itli amendments to the Older Ainericans Act, addi-
tional initia-ti\'es in the fields of prescription dr\igs, nursing homes, food
stam]Ds, etc. , v.'ill all be encorporated into the Presidential Message on
Aging due in early March.
If the )Tiessage contaijis all of the £tpi:)ropriate new initiatives plamied, its
successful implementa.tion will place u.s in an excellent position v.'ith this
_coiir.titu«-ncy. Thus tliere should be very fev/ additional policy decisions
necesdary. The rr.ojor emphasis from liere on out v.'ill bo on iinpleinenting
tVic nev/ initiatives cind cnsiaritig' tliat maxin^.um favorable publicii;y is
gei'ierated.
9063
::npi
n Plan for Older Amui-ic
A niasler calendar of ;ic1io!i forcJ;;g c-ven(s ii": llic riold of a[;in!^; is
beivif.; c'.evrlo]jL-r! wliich v/ill be a strong def-erinjni?rit in bc.iv/, whei'e
and v.l-,e:i resources will \>y allocr.tod.
In the field it if, our desire to iierRonally ijivolve the rnr;vin-;ujn num-
ber of drier Aineri cans in the dirt'ct cainpaif;n oper;i.;i ei.. 't'hrougli
this p^irticipation, we wilj not only break tlicir "borefiom cycle" bat
aleo cre.'itc a flow of indi v'idiia.l endorseirientG nT 1 he Prei. ide.nt.
\':'ii will involve these p;_-ople at several level;', and with \ariouj;
degrees of responsibility.
We will conduct our opei-ations uj.der an "umbrella" national coinmitioe
iTiade i.ip essentially of face cards but co-chairc-tl by experienced
poli'ical leadtirs (perluipri Lcn Hall or George OJrr.stead cind a woman
counterpart yet to be id^-ntified). The Committee should have repre-
sentatives from eacli of the "Target" states as well as entertainers,
nfitionally recogni/'ed leiidsrs from business and govern iin.-i-it, etc. ,
who are 60 or older and rsliould be held to 25 to 30 members.
Conmiittee members would he selected by us from ]ic:tr. provided by
all intc'j-ested ?i.nd ap^-^'ropriate sources.
L"; eacli state, we will ask each Slate Nixon Chairman to jirovide v.s v/ith
n'.t-r.es from v.'hich wc woii.ld select an Oldc-r A.nierican:, Chairmaa for
that Slate. Hopefully we v/iil be able to secure co-chair rriun, one of
whic'i VyOuld be a woman. "While it is recogiuzed that eacli ChairjTia.n
will h^lve Ju-ed of some support, the depilh and extent of tliat support
will }ia\-e to be determined a( a later date and v.-il] depciid on tlic-
T-'oliiical value of the state, the strength and effectiveness of tiie ia-
dlvidoal Republic;an State Or;-anization, and the extent o( an.y otlier
support baing provided by otlvor divisions. I do (]\;-ik, Jiov.'ever, tliat
it is important thai v/e be willing to gran'i suppr;rt v.'hcrc it is war rented
to encourc;g;c the develojn-noit of strong "get out the vote" movement?.
V\'hil:- we would hojje to establish Older AiTierican operation.-, in all
of tl;', states, effort a-ad resources will be concentrated in tii-;- largtrt
states. This list, of co,:r3e, v.'ill remain fluid depending on inpn.t from
oiiier scnrces and will be ainonded as the campaign dev^-le-ips. ^■."ithin
each state v,e are develoj^ing detailftd demographic /i s fUie daia vhich will
allow us to target within c?ach key stalc^ on a. county has's. We will
cr.courc^ge .-i.'.te leiiders \ r, erien:' theii" ojieration into the field to V:(.'
Ki-alb-: t p^dliical subdivision.
9064
C-ii.i]-/aigii Plun for Older Ani(-Ticans - 7.
'J'hf ]',■()] cipc;r;-.lic)n v/i',' consist of a .small g:-oi:p of iji-ofosGiojials
bascri in V/a s'nijv;ton uiidcr the dircctio.i of Webstoi- B. Todd, Jr.
(Tul) J) Th.ey will havf; two major objt:ctives: one, to coordinate
tlio efiorlr. of tVn- various invob.cd government agc-nciea, The
CaV)in'.-t Con-.Tiiiftcv', T]ie While Jlraise Conlercnce, etc., to ensure
tliat tl'C resources and personnel within the Exec;ntive J5rajich arc
n'.aximizfrd Ihroia^li participation in tlie:
1. Policy a.iid program development and implementation with
Flemming, HEW and D. A. C.
?.. Coorfiination of Departmental pnblic infoririation efforts
to <-,nsure rnaxinium exposure is given the elderly v/ith
Gpecialized press as Vv'ell.
3. Scheduling of surrogate speal-ers and making snbstanti\'e
rccon-;niendations wiicre the interc-sts of the elderly are
concei lied.
4. Decisions relevant to Presidential und First Family appear-
ances.
5. Overall m.-dia and the PR j/lans; of the Conimittee to ensure
inclusion of special miatcrials relevant to the elderly voting
IjIocIj wherever pertinent.
Coordinaiion obviously is cssoitial a.nc] will he- maintained by regu-
lar ;.'on.day iiK.-etings of a j^olicy \vOr]^ing group, in addition fo the
meetings of liie Cabinet Committee.
Attendees at tin- ivlonday meetings wall be Arthur Flemming, Vicki
Keller, (D. A. C. ); Webster B. Todd, Jr. (1701); Bud IC vans
(Tlie Yvhite House Staff); Russell Byers (OS DHEV/); ?/ir. Berr.ard
Van Rensselaer (R?TC). Otiiers will be ijivited to specific meetings
wh<.;n a?i v.o.:-nd,i item requires particular expertise.
The second major objective is the co(Trdinat ion of efforts in the field.
A r.la.ster Plan (Tab L) v.'ill be provided eacli State Chairman which
conti^ins all of lijc details and instructions necessary to ejjsuring our
objectives in :!ie field are met. Field visits will follow a careful
plan ('.rab Ij) to ensure every base is covered. Each key stat^; v.'ill be
visited at R-.'i.st every otlier v/cek by a Field Cooi-dinal or from 1701
to eiisnre tin ■■_'( allies arc; adfiered io.
9065
Cairip.'.ign PU... /or Oldt
^'. -' ■''■}■ tJit^' .Stale Cli'ii fnv:.;i would liave responsibili ly fcu":
( 1 ) V o L ;,• r r c l', i s t r a t i on ;
(2) volunieci- elforls (tL'l(:p]-.uno canipiiigni;, canvass ijig, .spc-cial
mail;n<;s wit hi): the stale, Ptc. );
(^) rc-)Comrp.eridhig ov org;inizing speciril events for f^urrogate
speakers;
(4) Elcclion Day organizalioMS (car pools, poll Vv/atcliers, etc. );
(5) state-wide anrl local media;
(6) specialized fv.nd raising (if any).
It is anticiijat.ed Ll-.al: at least one, if not several, of these projects
can be carried out in conjunction v.'ith Ken Rietz's youth organiza-
tion.-; and the distaff efforts of Pat Hutar.
The chairman v/111 be under the direct supervision C)f tlie r-Tixon State
ChEiirinan aiid our staff will provide guidance and support using tlie
full resources EN-ailable fro;'n the other rii\'iGions of tlie Coir.ntii tti'-c.
A tinvc:table for i ji^plemei-itc tion follows:
9066
r.V Apri] 1
C;r.;;.j.l.-C s^^WiJi- O^ 1701
Co'-\\-:M.v ;;'c,.n!;.,.ip;' vcnk o/i jn;i]l )^;('Cc:, ];or;!orr; anrl film;
hc-i;;;- <;c.;:o by D;li:sV,
lull:::! i I y, .';':cvv--o ii:i'i .'•.nnoimc': r.ntion.'il co ■ c:l-.'n j-nicji.
C;c>:Mi'h't^: ^^ro; j ;,;;.^ary Gcrcc-': i2i^; of 5;';;le clini 3;'nc;n f^'PcUdal t- ;:; t/i
]'"]o);r:;, Jjl■',K^^•, J.ia ry k; j\<I, ],') ;■ :;c)\ii i ; Nr \-; 11 ii);]-):.]!? re, Kcv/ ~j"(;r
Nor;]) Cp ro'ii.r: , Orc-Oi], Avi 5:cc>Jir.;in .
April ?.0
A.;ncH-i'C<' £i<j).-cl:jd :;1;iic cliai rji^fii to date anc] begin j^ct ;ui!;ihc; r
o:
Ai,nC);-,-iC!.: j;,.1io.';''.T :. C' ■.■ i r; oi'y cc'i-^inii.' tec-.
Cn:n-.i^'-'' jjr f li ; i^i.^-. ry i;crcc;;bij\ of slate cliai i-ji.cji ca-ididaicy
for Co:!oiT:bj, Co:.r:vc(:cvt, b:ali;i0, Kab.ra:.];a, i^cvacla,
Soi:;]! Ca'--.'b;a, Uia!;, \Vyon-,v. ;;■, Arlcansa;;, 3<c-,oiT;'c:ky , S. Dakot
Ik^jji; co; .ji-jbri pjaa'oj-ji; iiijU't.
lYiav 1
An: = o\a-;Cf y\':::i ;\rc.\]) o" liaic- di'' i riJicn. .
C;o:m.,;.:1' .arcM-i-b;^. of ^w;.tc c);a J rrnen f or Cb; 1 i Toj-.b a, 1 idiajiu,
'lowa, bb ^. .";a; ;'ay, Oibo, Oblalio^r.a, Par;r-:ylvania, Teuncfj-c-C;
'Jb-aas, Vir-aba. Kansas, Iclalio, Dolaware,
A':ao\a-aa I'-.i-al y'roi^p of nlatr: cliairrncn.
Co:ia.!c;a rarafiba;: of sla!.- c]k brivico) ca^ibida 1 c sfor Alabauia,
A'a;b;a, A ;>.o::a, Cy^.rjb.a, ■ k- v/a lb , l.oabbana, kta s;a- causal ; ^ ,
b-bi-ya;., bba;b..:.kab, Nav; bb^;ba(), blbode k.la.al, Vcrr,,oat,
A'.: bb-ba--. Warb bbsabaku b^orlli Dalioia, Kliiaic sota, A^ojitajia.
Sca.aba'lc j^iab ):■< ^ \\:.'\ of na: j o;;a J atkbaow l>oartk
9067
Mav 20
.Annoiincc filial s;u''.ic cli;.;) rj r;tn ;;(-.! action;; .
Mo'd nr;A j.vctii:;: of auv)<;(:o-y bo;ird.
Cor/ip.i ;-'.c; i;.cj?,iorr: iuicl .fir.sl )i-.ijl jjit-cc (if not done; for ]-')orv.d;
Bc'j'.i-'-j j-':<-c')nf.r. willi f^lj'.lc clj.i J j men (by .stale clj.ii iM-;v--n
;i.s<;oc:i::! ion rcpicris),
De£;i)i i o'^i ;j1 ratio:'; "clrivo ?.-. YC;le canv£innij:i!j in tarp/:t 5;l;;1cs.
Comprv-'c rc-,i.;i an:J. iri; otirif'S vitli r,l:; Ic. c:lia jrincn.
Complote firsl: d:''£ifl of pl.-ilform matctiial.
Coin])lc'.C' o">i11inc: of 0\dcr .Au.cricans p;i.vllcip5il5on i\\ Convention.
Coni])lcMi' first rcj.'.i :;trat:'OU drJ\e.
i-'inal.i. •-:■-_■ Pi-Ciidcri ia.l' aj)pe.''. rr.nco .for June (t'lionld be m.ijor).
Fir.alize Coaivcntion ]jro^rarn re Oldoi- /in ;e3-5.can .s.
Gonth-'V'i: v.'orl; v/i'h .state r.)urivj-;-.f.n on \'olan!ccr t:f/ovl.
X'in:ai;.e Pre :.;idc.itial ?ipj:.c;ar<w)ce for Ju\y (drop by).
l-'in:-:]i :'C; Oi'drr AiiTCvican inrra' to Jjatfoj-jn Cormr;iitc-c ,
Con^
Co.i^p]. ;c rcrcoMo fjet of rc<\i-:\-:-'\ in;!ciin<;;5; Y.ith stale chrnrjiien.
ldv;-i;i:"y vua:; f^pol-; ;nid iiiitiaLc c-orrectJve ac-tiri;i.
Coinplf.te Oj-.lio;!-; for l-rc:iixi'j.:^h:l aj^jicn rancc :., (one i^ajcr ;.■}:'. ec)'
for ('''•■■■.• .-',■■)■;.•• rica.;.:; and rit "i.e<"..';t tiijce a]:>).'ea i-a.n.rof; o.f tli'c; ''eii-o-p L-
variety boKveen O/.'/VZ and 31/]/7>}.
C\-:oV.-r 1
Ca>i;-)'iL ;c- ecrrecllve actir);-! in weal; ajxas a;; jdenliiied.
5.<cvie■.^■ >;}■„■ it ion .l.iay I'Jims;
a) C:ar 3^Go1;: b) Poll W ai cIk rs c) Baby 5 ■ i tc-rs .
Conijile^e option:.^ or. .final iriedja )>lans
a) P.Nacl lociLtion.'s to he liit b) Co/iicnt
j^ina'l-c 3f:i.-elioa ] )av aclivHi
32-818 O - 74 -pt.l9 - 31
9068
i.rXJISIONS rU'.'QUESTEU
Overall plan and slraU'gy i.y satisfactory.
Agree Disagree
Comment:
2. That a Matioaal Advi.'jory Board of Older Americans for the
Re -Election of tlie President be estal^lished.
Agree Disagree
Comment:
3. That State Co-Chairmen (Male and Female) be appointed, operating
unde-c the direction of Nixon State Chairmen.
Agree ' Disagree
Comnienl :
That Field liai.son be maintained through Nixon State Cliairman
monitored by 17C1 Washington staff. Thi.<; will require 3 field
assistant;.'? to achieve at least bi-weekly sessions in the field.
Agree Disagree
Coinment:
That State Advisory Committees be established in all states but
beginning with key states. These committees would be largely
"honorary" in. nature.
Agree Disagree
9069
COKSTITlIE^;CY
In Porr.pect i ve
Projectati population 18 years old and above by 1972: 139,563,000.
Projectad total vote: 86,2A9,934 (anticipated turnout of 61.8%).
Senior Citizens:
60 years old and over total 29,716,000 x 70% (anticipated turnout) equals
20,801,200 vhich is 2A.1% of the projected vote.
65 yp.ort, old and over total 20,782,000 x 66% (anticipated turnout) equals
13,716,125 i.hich it- 15.9% of the projected vote.
Population Information
Senior Citizens, v:hen defined as 60 years and over., are 92% V7bite and 43% nale.
I'ifty-eigb.t percent" are retired atid presumably most of the rer.iainder are
retirement oriented and highly conscious of the issuas of aging.
l\'hcn def:'i.nt:d as 65 years and over the percentages change to: 92% v;hite, 42% male
and 73% retired.
Eldftrly Population 20,742 ,000
■" .Age 65-74 12,435,000
.Age. 75+ 7,630,000
•Hsdian Age 72.8 years
.White 18,330,000
.black 1,735,000
Marital Status
In the 65-74 age group, 79% of the men are married vs 46.2% of tha vjo.iic'.ti. In
other vjords, 53.8% of the 65-74 age group consists of siug].e (or vjidov;ed) vromen.
In the 75 hr.d over age group, 62.5% of the ir.en arc married and 21.8% of the
wc'.-.en are rrrarried. In other -..'ords, 78.2% of the 75 avid over age group consists
of siiigle (or widov.ad) wo-an.
Elderly 'living alone 5.176,000
.z\ge 65-74 2,846,000
■ -Age 75+ 2,330,000
Resid-'.nce
In the 65--7''; age group 70% liva in fan^ily units, 25% live aloi\.-; or v.'ith no;i-
relatives and 5% live in inL;titutions. 70% of th-T 65 years and over group
cv.'n f.h-.Ax c.a ho-iC-3 or nnartncnts of v;hich as many a.s 30% ir.ny be substandard.
Tii-^re ni'e £lr..or,t 1 r.iill.i.on Senior CJ.ti/.en ov.mer-occupied hous.ing unit.? valued
si; $20,en-j ■:,-d abf^ve.
9070
:aticaa.l, CoiistiCucncy (2)
ResJd'.'.ice
Resida in neLjopolxtan areas
.outside central city 6,000,000
.inside cencral city 6,800,000
Reside in non-ir.3tropoIitan areas
7,200,000
Mobility
During the year ending "'arch 1970, 8.6% (1.7 iirillion) of those 65 years and
o\(.-x moved frotr. one house to anothor; 6% moved to another liouse in the sanie
cou-aty; 1.6% rcoved to a different county in the samt; state and only ]% moved
across a state line.
Clusters
Of those 65 years and older, 60% live in metropolitan areas with 33.4% of
th.ose liviu- v;ithin central cities.
'Ilic median iucor.e for those 65 years and over is $5053 vs $9867 for the total
U.S. population. '
25% of those 65 years and over live hclow the poverty line.
The brcakdoi.v. of the inco.ne for o]der persons is:
social security
job earnings
ihccxe from assets
state, and federal pensions
private pensions
public assistai.ce
veterans' benefits
34%
29%
15%
7%
5%
4%
3%
..•^
<'''
...^
f;;.nvily contributions & other 3%
Incone
. Male '.nedian
. rt-v.ale mcdiin
. Families i.-ith heads over 65 median
. Unrelated individuals over 65 median
. 60% unralaLed individua] s over 65 arc b?.l
r'C:ir-poor Ir-vil.
.. :':.■^;;f-^-lili£^-J ■••'^''^ head:-, over 65 are below
i-.riar-poor lc--'-.>l.
$2828
$1397
$5053
$.1951
9071
The Nal-.ional Consr-iuucncy (3)
Fourteen percent of those 65 jears and older have no chronLc conditions,
(lipersf-s, or impairinenf.s of any kind.
Per capita expenditure for those 65 years and older for health care is $791
vs $/:S3 for the total public.
For tilt: 65 years and over group, 67-1/2% of their nedical costs are paid
with ;;ovei.T.:r.ent fundci.
He.-ilth Conditions
A1.57, elderly have chronic conditions v;hich
(1) taake it impossible to carry on major
activity or
(2) lir.iit the amount or kind of major activity.
.Age 65-74 35.0%
.Age 75-!- 53.6%
Education
For those 65 years and older, 50% never completed grade school and 18% are
"functionally illiterate" because of less than 5 years of school. Only 6%
are college graduates.
Sources :
Ssnrte Special Cou-;?.ittee on Aging;
IFJD Hc-,!ains Study
U.S. Census
/>d-'inici-ration on Aging
Uliitc Kouo'j Confer one,-, on Aging
9072
POI.rriCAL JiKllAVIOK A>;D ATTITUni'.S AMONG OLDKll YOTHUS
Gonaral Tnfornation
In his sLuJy of the 1968 elections, Br. Gallup says, "...it wp.s their
(cha natJon's older voters) stron;; support th.-t sustained Nixon on
Kovember i>. . . ".
Gallup, unfortunate]. y for our iiracdiate piirposes , defines the older voter
as 50 years old and above.
From his studies v.-e Icaim:
1. In 1960 the older voters favored Nixon (5/)%) over Kennedy (^6%)
by a substantial margin.
2. In 1964 they avoided Goldu'ater (-'ilX) in favor of Johnson (59%).
3. In 196S they a;;ain gave strong support to Nixon (47%) at the
expense of Humphrey (41%) .
Gallup';; analy;;is of the 196S election sliows older voters:
1. More prone to straigb.t ticket voting (50% vs 39% for the 30-49 age
group and 32% for the 21-29 age group).
2. Soriev7hat less likely to vote for a nan other than as originally
intendc-d (82% didn't vs 73% for. the 30-49 age group and 77% for the 21-29
age group) .
Various Gallup studies on partisanship show:
1. In July 1971 older voters in general would" be nore likely to
rcgistci- as Democrat (45%) than Rcpublicftn (33%) , but not quite as much
as 'jould the total electorate.
2. An August 1570 study rbo'-.-ed that 32% of the older voters conf.idered
thi?-trsc].vir; to be ke;>ublican, 4;;% as Democrats and 20% as Indepencent s. The
figurec. -Cor tlie totr.l electorate in that same .study are: 29% Republican, 44%
Rsinocrat, and 27% Independent.
3. Ai> August 1971 study sho\.'s older voters sec no r.ignlf icsnt difference
betv.'ccn tlie parties in tcnns of l;ceping the USA out of VJorJd V/ar III.
4. That si.j.e poll shov:cd older voters virtv.ally indistinguishalile from
the lol'.l electorate in that 21% felt th.-- I'epublican I'arty '..'as the best polit:
pai-ty to kooo Ar.mica prosperous \'hsrcn!; '44% felt the DeiiiOcrats could do the
best job.
The Senior Ci tJ .-•.ear; ' propensity to rcgir^ter and vote uakes this segment of
l.bc; c:lec-roT;.te cpco J ally poiiei-.t:
9073
1. Prior to the non-ProsldcntJ al elections, a Gallup study.' (Aug. 1970)
showed 8-iZ ol tlit; older voters claiiuins valid rcglntrr.tion vs 75% of the
to'al electorate. A Hny 1971 r.tudy Khov;cd ^n increase wJth 86% of the older
voters clair.iinj; reslstratlon whereas the figure for the total electorate had
dropped to 72%,
2. The post-election voter turnout study conducted by the Census Bureai.
after the 1968 elections sliov;ed:
a. total elector.';te 61% actually voted
b. 60 and over group 69% .ictually voted
c. 60 to 74 age group 73% acutally voted
d. 75 and over group 56% actually voted
9074
Con^pnrGCj've Job Approval F.aLlnp,s
Ga]lup has conducted tv.-cnLy-^evcn luntional survoyp since the President
took office vlilch parmit coyr.parisou be.iv.'ecn tho:;o 50 years and older
v'ith tbf total voting age on the job approval quer.r.ion.
The difference in liiost ca.^cs v.'as a few points, hut the overall picture
Is one of clpnif leant ly fev;er disapproval ratings ariong older voters and
slightly fev.'er instances of approval.
In no instance did disapproval exceed approval aiaong either the older
voters or the total electorate. The smallest spread betv.-een approval/
disapproval for the older voters was eleven points and the smallest spread
for the total electorate VJas nine points.
Approval:
In nine studies the incidence of approval v;as greater among those 50 years
Lcic] older.
In seven studies it uas the s.aine for both groups.
In eleven studies approval was lov.'cr in the 50 years and older category.
Disai^prcval:
In tv.'o studies the incidence of disapproval v;as greater among tliose 50 year;
end older.
In five studies it v;as tlie same.
In twenty studies disapproval was lovjer in the 50 years and older category'.
9075
Question: "Do you approve or diaapprovc of the V7^y President liixon is handling
his job as rrcaidtnt?"
APPROVE
5 OK total
62 (59) ?-
DIS/vPPROVi'
50+ total
NO
50+
35
OPINION
total
January 1969
3
(5)
"(35)
February 1969
60
(61)
5
(6)
35
(33)
March 1969
(i2
(65)
9
(9)
29
(26)
April 1969
59
(61)
13
(11)
28
(28)
June 1969
62
(63)
15
(16)
23
(21)
July 1969
65
(65)
16
(17)
19
(IS)
Auc.ust 1969
59
(62)
20
(20)
21
(18)
Septcr.ibsr 1969
58
(58)
24
(23)
18
(19)
October 1969
•. 56
(57)
22
(2/i)
22
(19)
tlovcnber ]969--
67
(68)
18
(19)
15
(13)
Ji^nuary 1970
61
(61)
20
(22)
19
(17)
February 1970
65
(6-'0 ■■
23
(2/,)
12
(12)
lic.rch 1970
55
(55) -
31
(33)
14
(32)
April 1970
56
(56)
29
(31)
15
(13)
early May 19 70
57
(57) -
29
(31)
14
(12)
late Kay 1970
. 57
(59) ^
27
(29)
16
(12)
July 1970
•'. 58
(55)
28
(32)
14
(13)
October 1970
59
(58)
2/.
(27)
17
(15)
Kovcnber 1970
58
(57)
28
(30)
14
(13)
i:;-ce;nher 1970
53
(52)
31
(34)
• 36
(14)
February 1971
/iS
(50)
36
(36)
K.
(lA)
April ]971
/|0
(50)
38
(3S)
]3
(3 2)
M:y 19 71
''i9
(50)
31
(35)
20
(1^0
r-..r]y J:v.u jy71
50
{'■■■)
33
(3/)
2 7
(-15)
:-r[p :n\-i': i!'7r
52
(.'.;;)
33
(39)
.1 :>
(1-^)
9076
Gallup Trial Ileal: n
In the irost recent thrcc-nan trial heats (K'ov. 1971) among the older voters
the President beats Muckie hTA to 38Z, Hur.'.phrcy 45% to 39%, and Kennedy UTA
to 37%. He runs stronger aT^ong the older voters compared to the- total electoral
vhen paired against liusUie and ICennedy, but v.-oaker with the older votr-rs than
the total electorate \;hen paired against Humphrey but the spread betuoon the
age groups is very slight and the sample is relatively small.
Tlia patterns of the trial heat data suggest the follovjing conclusions:
1. Kennedy clearly lacks strength among the older voters and would
be the President's easiest opponent V7ith this portion of the electorate.
2. Jiuskic does not run as veil among the older voters as Ite does with
the total electorate in the seven nost recent tr.ial heats, but the differences
arf: generally not as pronounced as they arc \.;ith Kennedy.
3. Humphrey, bar.ed on the patterns of po3t-1968 trial heat data, appears
to run slightly batter against the .President among the older voters thaj^
MuskJ.c and significantly better than Kennedy.
9077
In ten Gai:i;>p stiidi c-s (frcn April 1969 tb.roup.h late Nove;viber 1971) Kennedy
consiijtcntly received lor.a support aT:oag the older voievs tha-.i the total
electorate v;b.en paired aj;ainpt K'iMon and V.'allace. The r.prcad in almost
cvary poll is statistically and politically significant. In the r-ost
recent study, Noverher 1971, Nixon (A 7%) led Kennedy (37%) by ten points
i:v:.onz ^^^''~ older voters, but the lead dropped to three points v-'hen the
total electorate vas ir.easured.
The Kovcir.ber 1971 figv.res are:
NI>:ON' KENNEDY WOLLACE UNDECIDED
50 + 47 37 11 5
Total Electorate ' AA /il 10 5
Trial ileat Patterns;
i.'ixo:,'
50+ total
KEl
50+
30
;;nedy
total
(33)
WALLACE
501- total
9 (10)
50+
5
;ectded
total
April 19G9
56
(S.'O
(5)
July 1969
55
(.■30)
32
(37)
9
(9) ■
A
(A)
Septeuibcn: 1969
53
(53)
29
(31)
10
(10)
8
(fO
February 1970
/i7
(A9)
33
(35)
12
(11)
8
(5)
lic-cercber 1970
50
(^.7)
3/.
(37)
]1
(11)
5
(5)
January 1971
51
(';S)
35
(38)
9
(S)
5
(3)
M-n-ch 1971
51
(^:6)
33
(38)
11
(11)
5
(5)
May 1971
A7
i'-2)
36
(Al)
8
(10)
9
(7)
Ausu:;t 1971
A 6
(A.v)
32
(^=0)
10
(9)
12
(9)
t:nvonbir 1971
A7
Ovo
37
(Al)
11
(10)
5
(5) -
9078
Gallup luiG conducted nine trJal heats willi Ilixon, Muakie, aiv.l V,'al]acc.
Tl-.c i;ovei:il,e.r 1971 r.tudy iias NInoh (A7%) d-fenting Husklo (38%) by nine
points Er;ong the older voters. Kixon'c lcc\d is cut to three points when the
total electorate is r.easured. Nixon rimr. three point;: better arioiij^ the
older voters compared to the total electorate and Kcskic runs three points
v;orss.
The first trial heat v/as Septewbor 1969 end the most rece-at is I'over.ber
1971. The vScpteir.ber 1969 study and one completed in February 1970 both
show older voters slightly less like.ly to support Nixon and p.orc likely
to support Muskie than the total electorate. The next st\K'y, July 1970,
showed a reversal v.'ith older voters slightly more favorable to Nixon than
the total electorate (tv.o points) and significantly less favorable to
Muskie (four points). The December 1970 and January 1971 studies showed
older voters more likely to support Nixon by five points couiparcd to the
total electorate. They x^ere five points less likely than the total electorate
to support Muskle in Deceinber 1970 and two points less likely to support
Huskie in January 1971. The basic pattern has been consistent througliout
1971.
Tlie November 1971
figures
arc:
NIXON
MUSKIE
UALIACE
UNDl-CIDKD
50 -;-
in
38
• 11
4
Total Electorate
A 4
^.1
10
5
Trial l!eat Patterns
Nixo:-;
MUSKIE
WALLACE
uk'd;
■CID^O
50-H
49
total
(50)
■ sol-
as
total
(34)
50+
total
50+
6
total
Septeniber 1969
10
(10)
(6)
Febriiary 1970
4A
(4 7)
37
(35)
12
(13)
7
(5)
July 1970
/.5
(43)
32
(36)
14
(13)
9
(8)
Dccenber 1970
49
(44)
38
(43)
9
(9)
4
(4)
January 1971
49
(44)
42
(44)
7
(9)
2
(3)
Kra-ch 1971
46
(4 3)
36
(39)
12
(12)
6
(6)
i;ay 1971
4'!
(39)
37
(41)
10
(12)
9
(8)
Aucust ITil
4'i
(41)
32
(37)
11
(JO)
13
(1?)
\.o\cx.Au:c ]')11
4 7
(^>4)
33
(':!)
11
(10)
4
(3)
9079
The Novor:b'jr 1971 trial heat bctv.-ccii Nixon, Humphrey, and ^Jallacc shov.'s
only a slight difference betv;ocn tlic older voters aud tlic total electorate.
The five studies ccaducted betv;ecn September 1969 aud March 1971 shov; only
noininal candidate preference differences betv.'sen the older voters and the
total electorate \;h.en Humphrey is the Democrat candidate.
In May 1971 a spread developed in v.'hich the older voters favored the President
to a slightly greater degree than the total electorate. The President led
liu-,Tip;irey by ten points cr.ong the older voters, but by only three points ar.ong
the total electorate. The pattern remained in the August study with the
President leading Huiriphrey by tv;elve points a:r.ong the older /\r.iericans vs
four points for the total electorate, but in ?;oveniber 1971 the data shows only
a slight spread betv-een the older voters and the tota], electorate.
Tiie November 1571 figures are:
KIXON
HicrPHrj'Y
VJALLACE
mJDECIDED
50 +
45
39
13
3
'i-otal
niectoi
ate
47
37
12
4
Trial lieat Patterns:
IIIXON
50+ total
44 (43)
HUM
50 f-
PHKEY
total
V?ALLACE
50+ total
9 (9)
IINE
50+
15
Ecinr.D
total
April 1958
32
(34)
(14)
July 19 6S
36
(40)
40
(33)
15
(16)
9
(6)
August 196B
46
(45)
30
(29)
16
(18)
8
(0)
September 1568
45
(4 3)
.30
(31)
19
(.19)
6
(7)
Po3t election
47
(4 3)
41
(43)
12
(14)
-
--
September 1969
51
(5?)
35
(33)
11
(11)
3
(4)
February 1970
49
(50)
32
(33)
13
(13)
6
(4) .
April 1970
49
(50)
■ 32
(32)
11
(11)
8
(7)
January 1971
49
(48)
38
(38)
9
(10)
4
(4)
);-irch 3 971
48
(46)
34
(36)
13
(12)
5
(6)
May 1971
4 6
(4?)
36
(39)
10
(J2)
G
(7)
August ]97]
46
(4 2) ■
34
(38)
11
(11)
9
(9)
linVCMbCT 1971
4 5
(4 7)
39
(37)
13
(12)
3
(4)
9080
LIUUSAY, McCAirniY, M'D McGOVKim
A February 3 970 study wlLh Nixon, McCartliy and VJallace and a Dc-ccrher 1970
and Au3u:-.t 1971 polls \/lUh Nixon, Lindiiay, p.nd Uallace all shov/ tlie President
soundly defeating bot!i men and running significantly stronger v;ith older
voters than v.'ith the total electorate.
A Novenher 1971. study t-.hows Nixon soundly defeating McGovern in a three-man
race, but there is no significant difference shovn bctv.'cen the older voters
and th.e total electorate.'
Trial Heat Patterns;
July 1970
December 1970
August 1971
Trial Heat Patterns
NIXON'
LIKDS.AY
WALLACE
UNDECIDED
50+ total
50+ total
50+
total
50+
total
48 (A6)
25 (29)
16
(15)
11
(10)
49 (4 3)
34 (35)
11
(12)
6
(5)
49 (4 5)
22 > (29)
13
(11)
16
• (15)
NIXON
MCCARTHY
WALLACE
UNDECIDED
50+
total
50^• total
34 (38)
50+
8
totn]
(10)
50+ total
April 1968
45
(41)
13 (11)
July 1968
38
(41)
35 (36)
17
(16)
10 (7)
August 1968
46
(42)
33 (37)
14
(16)
7 (5)
February 1970
58
(55)
20 (24)
12
(12)
10 (9)
Trial I!eat Patterns:
NIXON
50+ total
KcGOVEPJl
50+ total
V.'/JLLACE
50+ total
u>:decided
50+ total
Kovembsr 1971 50 (4 9)
31 (33)
13 (12)
(6)
As the i>uMJshed Cr.].lu;:i data v.-as Lh.c only r.v.rv-.'y ros^'.-uc'i infurnation \.'hich
vac nvaijnhlo to i\5;, it serves as the bar.i:, for v.or.t of the prcce'." J ng infor-
r'ation. It is proinh^'y suff i.ci'-nt for piel ii-dnary i)l;'.unlnr. pv:rpo.-c;s, hut
prior to C:\r- ih,-.l i o; -.a-lai i on of raiupai.'-,!-. .-. trai-C'-y fov the older voter the
Etafi at t!u- Co;' : J llc-.:- to lU-etcct the Prf-.i.U-nt a;v.! th?- Can:!' iif^" L.'ciiJlon
9081
THE ISSUES Or' AGIiNC AND OPIUION'S HELD )iY OLUEP. VOTERS
Like the electorate in general, the Senior Citizen is primarily concerned
about that vhich directly affects his daily life.
Bi:t in addition to these "gut issues", r'.ost of v.'hich involve ir.cncy, tl;e
Senior Citizen is cor.ccrned about his state of being. VJhilc the average
r.iiddle-aj;e black. is likely to feci somevhat alienated, his state of being
tends of be on the upsving. For hin, "things are better today than they
used to be". The Senior Citizen, on the other hand, has been there. The
good life, the involveraGtit lie knevj and the attention he received has, to
some degree, faded avay. Unlike the niddle-age black, t'ne Senior Citizen
is likely to feel alienated because what he once had is now gone or goinr;.
nuch has been v.-ritten about the psychology of agir.f;, but it is sufficient
for our purposes at this tine to merely note that a "he cares about ir.e"
reaction by the voter to the candidate is more important with Senior Citizens
than cny other constituency.
The Issues of /.gin?,
1. IncoTiie iX'.curity — V.'ith less than half of his incor'e derived frc-i
earnings and cssets, the Senior Citizen is heavily dependent on ir.atlerr.
he cannot directly control. Actions v.liich affect social security I'Cncfits, j
public assistance paynients, and pension, income signiticantly ir.flucnce the
older voter's existence and his political behavior. '
2. Health care — With 86% of the Senior Citiiiens e::periencing one or more
forp.s of physical iTTipairr.'.cnt , the availability, quality, and financing of
health care is of major concern to all older voters.
3. Dousing — The less mobile Senior Citizen, with iiis lilgh propensity for
horee ovruership and fixed Incoiae, is particularly conscious of property tax
increases and. the Sr;y rocketing cost of home maintenance. Those v;lio rent
are equally conscious of increa.sed costs and of availability prohlcns.
li . Transportation problcns — Tnc- fear of driving, cost of autcniobile ovrncr-
shlp, and physical impairments require^nany Senior Citizens to rely heavily
on public tr.-jnsportntion systems v.'hich are, alr.ost without exception, expensive,
iiiconvenicr.t , and often unplcasitnt: .
5. Nutrition — Rapidly increasin;; food prices, narl:etiiig difficulties, and
often th2 lack of nutritional educi-rion all cause serious probDcins foi- the elder.!]
6. Comr.uiiity service opporttmi tic:; — Paradoxically, those v.'ith the j-.roatest
experience to offer and the most ti;ne to give often are not able to p.nrti cipn le
in and cvnivibutc to tlu- need.*: of tlio co!T::-.u-.iity . f!;i:iy older pi riple v.-.mt to be
involved a:;d to give of thcnr.elvcs but v:ork;il..le oppurtiinitle.'-. are far too
ili;iited.
9082
7. Recrcatica, cmployr.icnC and education opportunities — The special
restriction of being old greatly impairs the Senior Citlr.cn's opportunity
to v.'ork, play, and learn.
Beneath the Siiryacc
/is is apparent fron the above, the issues of aging basically trace back
to personal econo-ics for the older voter. Khile we use the phrase "fixed
incor.'.e" alr.ost v;ith abandon and ue note the pressures of inflation, we
probably fail to fully appreciate either the real money problems this
caunes or the desperation and despair felt by those Senior Citizens who
are caught in I'ne squeeze and are pov.erless to act on their o>vn behalf.
Ifost of us also have difficulty grasping the full impact of the constant
fear of illness and disease which liaunts the minds of most of our older
voters. Only the soldier in active combat Is more exposed to and conscious
of personal injury and dcat'n.
To effectively roach the er.iotions and the mind of the older voter we must
use income security and health issues to produce the "he cares about iv.e"
response from tlic Senior Citizen to the President.
Opinions and Al:titudcs on Other Issr.es
The Gcnioi" Citir.en voter is also influenced by issues otlier than those
directly involving aging. Froni the University of Michigan's Survey Research
Center, \?s no'-e:-*-
".. .people; of retire:;,£:nt age are consistently less' likely to express
interest in forrrign affairs than younger people and are soriewhat more
isolationist in their outlook. .. It v.-ould appear either that some older
people, growing u? in a period v.'hen foreign affairs were not as important
±71 the nation's life as they are now, have never developed a strong interest
in Inrcrnaticr.c-.l problcn'.s or that retirement age leads son;o people to a
contraction of ti.cir' concerns to national and local issues, especially
those that affect then directly..."
"...TJiiite people over 65 are consistently most likely to oppose
federal action ir. support of Kegro rights in ernployir:ent , in the public
sclioolc, in public accor.modations , and in housing..."
"...The sensitivity of older people to civil disorder is seen... in
a series of rucstions. .. regarding public disseTit, civil disobedience,
end disruptive behavior as forms of ))rotcst. Very' few wh.ite people of
letireir.ent r^c approve of any of tr.esc; attioni;; approval increases in ti>e
yDL.n;;ci: dcc:..'c's. Binrl; people are i;iore tolerant of jirotesi actions of
all kindr. bv.r \ri ih th^n; alf.o older peo]ile are the least lil.ely to npprove
tlu^r.c nets. . ."
rolIHr:; Through the Life Cyi
! IV.
9083
From a May 1971 survey by O.R.C. v.'c learn that, compared to the total
public, a significantly high percentaga of older voters (50 years and
above in this sflr.,plo) rated econor.ic and health issues as very Important
vhercas a sij^ni f icantly lever percentage rated the environment, education,
and goverii;nent reform as very important.
V,'e do not have hard data at this time on the specific question, but logic
dictates and available information indicates that the Senior Citizen voter
is im;nincntly concerned v.'ith the "here and no;?" issues and is not likely
to be swayed In large numbers by pledges of a better life tomorrov; v.'hether
they be in the form of "a full generation of peace" or "improved medical
care someday". •
The older voter (50 years and above) sub-group has been compared to the
total electorate on a variety of issues in many of the Gallup polls. The
follov.'ing is sn analysis of the findings:
1. Economic issues —
a. In an August 1971 study 72% of the older voters gave a favorable
reaction to t'ne President's nev; _ economic pirogram. Total electorate
response vas 73% favorable.
b. In five separate polls ta!;en betv-een June 1969 and Juno 1971 the
older voters 'consistently gave a more favorable reaction tlian the
total electorate to the idea of v/age and price controls.
2. Civil rights —
a. Older voters express the feeling that both the Johnson and the Nixon
Administrations pushed integration too fc.st. VJhen compared to the total
electorate, they are consistently more likely to express the "too fast"
opinion.
b. Older voters are less likely to favor busing.
3. Vietnam —
a. Tiic pattern \.'hich is apparent in the thirteen Gallup studies on the
President's handlii;g of the Vietnam V-'ar conducted betv.'cen April 1969
and .February 1971 is one of consistent but only slightly higher approval
from the older voters. Interestingly, the President's November 3, 1969
address to the natiori caused a significant (6%) increase in approval
and a corresponding (7Z) decrease in disapproval as far as the total
electorate Is concerned, but it had no significant effect on the November
survey responses froti elder voters. In the next study, January 1970,
approval: among the older voters increased (5%) , disapproval dropjjed (.A2)
but the total electorate remained static.
b. Older voters are slightly v:ore likely than the total electorate to'
feel the ivixcn Ad^inistrat Jon is "telling t!:e public all tliey should
knov- about Vietnai;.',' hut in a May 1971 stiidy 61 Z gave the "is not"
res pen so.
c. According to studies conducted in June and October of 1969, older
voter.-. i:}C' sliglaly i;.ore lilccly than tlie total, electorate to favor fa.stci
uithdra-..n] ratis.
32-818 O - 74 -pt.l9 - 32
9084
A. Youth vote —
Ihe result:; of four Gallup comparisons of attitudes toward youth
votinc indicates tliat oldsters are slightly less likely to be
favor. ibly dir.posed to the idea.
5. China ar.d the Ua' —
l/liile v.-.ore older voters favored 11^ admission than not, the differences
bctveen their attitudes and those of Che total electorate were slight.
6. Supreme Court —
a. In 1968 and 1969 older voters gave consistently lov.'er ratings,
to the Suprei:;e Court than did the total electorate.
b. On the natter of nev; appointees to the Court, older voters
consistently favor tliose "v:ho are conservative in their viev.-s"
b)' a v.'idc margin. They also favor conservative Court appointees
to a greater degree than the total electorate.
;7. Revenue sharing and cair.paign spending : —
There x:ere no significant differences between the attitudes of older
voters and the total electorate on the matters of revenue sharing
(January 1969) and campaign spending (November 1970) .
8. Pent.-igon papers —
Kost (''^9%) older voters thought the publishing of the Pentagon
papers in the ncv.'spapers v'as right, but by a signif icantlj' srnaller
nargin than the total public.
9. Just prior to the 1970 elections (October) , Gallup studied conparative
attitudes on several key issues. The results arc as follov;s:
Question: "VHien people around here go to vote on KovCmber 3rd for a candidate
for Congress, hov; ir.portant v.'ill (issue) be in their thinking? Do you think
it is extremely iciportant, fairly iip.portant, or not so ir.portant?"
Issue
EXTREiu-LY
IMPORTATnT
50+ total
crine and drug addiction 86 (8^)
inflation 78 (77)
Vietnam 69 (72)
pollution 59 (58)
student unrest 60 (57)
raci.-:] prcb^eia 50 (50)
FA11U.Y
I>Q:'0RTA^'T
50+ total
10 (11)
15 (17)
21 (21)
26 (30)
28 (32)
29 (33)
KOT SO
i?a'ORT;>?:T
50+ total
2 (3)
5 -(/O
5 (A)
11 (9)
7 (0)
17 (15)
DON'T K>UV,;
50+ total
2 (2)
2 (2)
5 (3)
A (3)
5 (3)
A (2)
^m^.
9085
Surr-ma:-: )f Adir-in-lstrc'i-lion Initiatives
for Older An-icricav.s
The Nixon Administration has adopted a comprehensive strategy to
meet the ncjcds of the nation's 20 million Oider Americans. This
policy has focused on (1) creating a nev/ rational attitude toward the
elderly; (2) i:r;proving the basic incorrie of Older Aniericans; (3)
iinprovi:-. cr r, el: - r;u."f: cie ncy so that Older Americans niay live in
dignity-. and independently of institutions to as great an extent as
possible; (4) irn-orovin^/ hr-?.]th f:~d nursin? cp.tc; and (5) ii-iiproving
the means th.roughi which the elderly z-nay continue to contribute their
skills to American society..
1. To enhance a nev/ national attitude, the President:
Called a second Vv^hite House Conference on Aging
(held November 28 - Deceinber 2, 1971).
Created a Cabinet-level Conmnittee on Aging, chaired
by HEW Secretary Pvichardson,
President on Aging (19t)9) and Special Consultant to
the President on A.ging (1972).
Coinrnitted his Administration to a coordinated campaign
to "Stop regarding Older Americans as a bxirden and to
start regarding them as a resource to America."
Included a special section on Older Americans in his
State of the Union, the first President ever to do so.
2. To irn
■prove oasic income cr.e i^resicen;
Signed or supported Social Security increases araounting to
over a 33-percent rise since 1969.
Developed new income benefits for Older Americans
(contained in H.R.I) -- $5-1/2 biiliion v/orth.
^ $3 billion in increased Social Security benefits. "
$2-1/2 -billion in new benefits to persons v.'ith
lower incomes, when H. R. 1 is fully effective.
9086
Pro-jo;;cd tL-, ^irst ir.conic I'ioor for poor OI ,r An-;cricans;
prcv'clcd i. g-LU-.ri.ntoo icr ir^xlaticn-proof Social Siicuriiy
bcr.oiits; anci ;v.oc:-'lcc; -.he rctircnier.t earnings tc5t to allow
an ir.divicual to oarn r/.c-i-c aflcr retircrncr:: without losing
social sec-urity benefits (in H.R.I).
. ' Svibrnittcd to Congre-.s a five-point program to reforrA and
expand private pension programs.
To j-n-^prove Gclf-s^.:!":iciencv 1:0 Older Americans can remain in
their liO'mes and coi^.rir/.nitie;. , ihe Prcfiderit:
Set \ip a system v.hereby nearly 9C0 Social Security local
offices will provide iniorrr.ation on benefits available to
the elderly.
Increased the budget of the Administration on Aging nearly
five-fold -- to $100 million --to provide homemaker,
transportation, nutrition and com.munity ser\-ices.
Made housing money nriore readily available to older
citizens to purchase h.om.es in a variety of settings.
. Laui^ched major coiT.prehensive ser\T.ce delivery projects.
Lent the full support of his Adniinistration to a national
effort of volunteer organiiiations designed to allow the
elderly to remain in their ov^ti honnes.
To ensure long life th?'ou<rh the •oro'.'isicn of better health
opportunities, t::ie Pre.iidv;m:
Requested that the monthly Medicare fee be eliminated,
yielding older persons ariother Si. 5 billion.
Implejnented p.r. eight-point program- to upgrade nursing
home care and the quality of personnel treating the one
million Aincricans in nursing homes.
Proposed the National Health Insuran.cc Partnership to
substantially improve health delivery systems.
Maiiitained several nutrition projects for the elderly.
9087
-3-
5 . To open wo o-->ort-'.-.n ni ci; for t.-iC full v.:-ic: of. Qjdcr Amnricans'
shllls i-r.d to T)rov:cle Olrlcr A-.^r.ar] cr>.r.s wi ch mcai-iiiiiyful ' .
pos";:-rcliroincr:'c roles in t'lo cox'in-iiniity. Die President;
Tripled tr.s Retired Senior Volvuitcers Program, to
t $15 ii-iillion, to involve 75,000 volunteers.
, Doubled the Foster Grandparents Program to $25
inillion.
Doubled the jobs' programs for older persons, such as
Green T'numb and Senior Aides, to $26 million.
f-l
9088
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9091
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9092
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9093
January 11, 1972
1IEM0}1'\NDU:I FOR TliE HONOFL^J^LE JOiLX MITCHELL
THROUGH: JKB >L\GRUyER
FROM: DAN TODD mZ^W-'^ - ' f~^/^-'i \
SUBJECT: AP.TiIUR FLEI-WIKG *
Wiile Arf.hur Fle::r.iing v.'ill o::^ dcvotivig Iiis full time to ac;ing ir:a(:tcrG
for the. balance of this year, his efforts v;ill be split ir.to tv;o
main endeavors; His continuation as Chair^ian of the V.'hite House Confei
ence ou Aging and his position as Special Consultant to the President
for Aging. Those dual roles, tliough heavily integrated, have quite
different objectives and require-ients as outlined below:
VmiTE HOUSE C0^:FERENCE CrUIi^-'A''^
The President, the Congress, and Conference leadership have continually
referred to t'ne irHCoA as part oE a 3-year process with 1972 being
designated as the "Post-Conference year of action". This goes EOTPOv;hat
beyond the legal authority of the Conference v.'h.ich v;ill e>rpire on
June 30th.
In keeping with the specifics of the Joint' Resolution a final report
nn.tst be presented to the Secretary v;ithin 120 days and development of
a legislative package ir.pler.icnting such parts of the report as may be
desirable 90 days thereafter. Going beyond .these statutory requircr.en'
however, is the President's direction that a Post-Conf ereiice Board be
establis'r.cd to follow up and report on the Conference's i;.'.pnct and the
necessity to continue some of the efforts associated specifically v;ita
the Conference itself (ex. the cstablishr.ent of a National Steering Co-
nittec of Volunteer Organizations designed to provide services to alio-,
the elderly to rei-^ain in their cv.-n h-oriios or other places of rcsiderice;
the personal pledges of the Delegates thcnselves to work on behalf o;;
the elderly in various ways dnring 1972).
itics, Dr. Flcimning v.'ill seek an ei-.tension of
■ to 12/31/72 througli appropriate channels.
His position as Chair.nan has lc~d to nun;eroiis speaking engager.en ts . It
is til;; intention (and oin. s) to ::-;a/:i-i-.-,i",e his appeara;icos in thio field r.=
be c'.njoy.i .strong credibility with th.is group and can take advantage of
■Dv.wj f o7 ur.-.s not open to otiier.s.
Di . 1" l>r; -.ir.g also anticipa' er, cond'..'Ctin;; at le;iGt two ?'ollow-up -.nectin:
ill c;-.ch of the ten Federal re,-,icns wliicli will iivvolve Federal, ;;tnte
To allow for th
ese ac
the Conference
'.uth.or
9094
- 2
cvid local public pei-.sor.s as well as Confertnco Delegates, National
Or^-:ani;:a tion repiescntativos and such other privi'-te pnrticjs as r.ay
vj.icti to participate. In addition, there will be at least .two ir.cetir.^s
of the Poct-Confcrence Board.
To staff the:;e efforts, a reduced but continuing roster of those pre-
viously associated '.^'ith the Conference will be maintained in the
Pennsylvania building.
SPrCT/'b CO;:SLLTA>rr to T};S PRI:SIDZ:-;T rSee Attached Stateraent.)
Dr. FleirLnins envisages two nain thrusts to this position: the inter:;al
,or effort associated with the Cabinet Cornniftce and an external or
y'"cnbudsinan" function. He will have two special assistants to provide
■ utaff support, one assigned to the Cabinet CoiT-jnittee , tlie other to
, handle the external der-.ands.
The Cabinet Conmittef; , in addition to having done a great deal of pre-
Conference evaluation, '.■.■'ill have the lead responsibility for consider-
5-ng the reconr.iendations of th.e Conference and seeing that appropriate
action is taken. Jatr.ic Mcbane vill continue to have overall program
responsibility but he has not had a full-tir.c technical staff nan avail-
able to hitn heretofor. One of Dr. Fleirrning's men will fill this needed
slot.
The "or.:budsnian" v;ill devote his time to the present structure and opera-
tion of the Fedc;ral govern.-r.ont . A significant portion of the corres-
pondence received deals with oversights, omissions, or bureaucratic
Pnafus. It is Dr. Flcrriing's intention that a) eacli cf these be
ans'..'ercd personally, and b) to the e>:tent possible, the idea or cor;.plaint
be thoroughly investigated.
This person would also l;eep a constant check around governvr.ent to ensure
that existing authorities ai-.d resources arc used effectively on behalf
.of the elderly and that nothing is talten away from then.
Dr. Flcir-ning will also participate in a governmcnt-v.-'ide cCTrr:vanications
effort to coordinate all press releases, Departnental initiatives ar.a
public spealting engagenents to ensure that, wliore there is any involve-
nent or potential ii"pact on tlie elderly, they are given visibility. It
is i:iy present understanding thai; IJcbane will liave responsil^ii lity within
The Wiiite House for this also, in close cooperation with ]701.
9095
FOR IRELEASS AT 12 NCCM JANUARY 11, 1972
Office of the .V/"hite House Press Secretary
TFIE WHITE HOUSE
STATEIvIENT BY THE PRESIDENT
This a.dministration's commitment to forging a new national policy of
respect for, and service to, older Americans is significantly forwarded
today by the appointment of Dr. Arthur S. Flemming as my Special
Consultant on Aging. I am delighted to be gaining the services of this
distinguished public servant, v/ho v/as an able Secretary of Health,
Education and Y/elfare under President Eisenhower, v.-Vio has been a
leader in American education for many years, and whose energetic
direction as Chairman contributed so much to the success of the 1971
Y/hite House Conference on Aging.
I am determined, as I said in my address to that Conference last
m.onth, that the voice of older Americans will be heard in the White
House wiicn matters that affect the interests of older Americans are
being discussed. No one in the United States today is better qualified
to raise that voice, forcefully, and persuasively, than Arthur Flemming.
He v/ill advise me on the whole range of concerns relating to older per-
sons: he will pursue aggressively, as my representative, the goals
of better implementation and tighter coordination of all Federal acti-
vities in the field of aging; he will continue as a member of our Cabinet-
level Domestic Council Committee on Aging; and he will also continue
as Chairman of the White House Conference on Aging during the crucial
post-conference year -- the year of action. His responsibilities in
this area Vv-ill include appointing and heading up the activities of a post-
conference board to act as agent for the delegates in following up their
proposals.
In the early days of the admini.':tration I asked Jolin B. Martin, Com-
missioner of the A-drninistration on Aging in the Department of Health,
.Education and Welfare, to take on the additional responsiblitics of a
now por.t as Special Assistant to the President on Aging. His very
effective service in liuit post has not only n-;cant better rcpresciitation
for older citizen?; at the iiighest level of government; it has also revealed
th?:t the dimensions of the job to be done are such Ihc.t another good man
is needed. Now, with Ar thuv I'lemming's arrival z- -j John Iv!ar tin's
tcu.mrnato, "scroor power" doubles its forces at the YHiitc House. Bettor
Federal assistance to the aging sliould be th.e result.
9096
Tab E
DOMESTIC COUNCIL CABINET COMMITTEE ON AGING (CCOA)
MEMBERSHIP:
Secretary of HEW (Also serves as Chairman)
Director OMB
Secretary of HUD
Secretary of Labor
Secretary of Commerce
Secretary of Agriculture
Secretary of Transportatioii
AUTHUR S. FLEMMING
STAFF DIRECTOR: VICKI KELLER
CONSULTANTS:
Director OEO
Director ACTION
LEONARD GARMENT
SCHEDULE:
Meets as necessary. Full Committee at least monthly. Staff working
group on a bi-weekly basis,
MISSION:
To develop a national strategy for the Nation's elderly.
Evaluate findings & recommendations of the" White House Conference
on Aging.
Integrate and coordinate existing prograin authorities and resources
to effect better service delivery to the elderly.
. Recomnnend new legislative proposals to the President and
evaluate pending legislation in the field of Aging.
THE WHITE HOUSE STAFF (as I understand present set up):
LEONARD GARMENT
In his capacity as Special Consultant to The President, I^en sits in on
CCOA Meetings, participates in policy iiicetings witli Arihur Flemi-ning
and John Elirlicliinan, and v.orkrj closely with Flemmi3ig on Admir^i stration
ir.i tia fives.
9097
Tab E-2
VICKI KELLER
As Overall Project Manager for Aging, Vicki is the "single contact"
point or "switching station" for Aging v/ithin The White House. She
oversees tlie staff work for CCOA, coordinates interdepartmental
effort at the staff level, and performs liaison fiinction with other
DAC prograin managers.
She also has responsibility for the interdepartmental Public Information
effort in cooperation with Bud Evans.
Vicki is relatively new to this project and will require some back-
stopping becau.se she does not enjoy the; high level access that Jannie
McLane did. I do not anticipate any problem, however,
BUD EVANS
Coordinates release of information and special miailings emanating
from The While House on Aging matters.
Maintains liaison with tlie various Aging special interest groups and
the RNC.
Participates in weekly strategy meetings with policy group.
Provides liaison function for Mr. Haldennan.
9098
TAB F
HEW's effectiveness in delivery of services and dischrtrging its
position of Icadersliip are the most important elements of a
sviccessful cajnpaign effort, as only they can provide the factual
record of progress and achievement that lends credibility to the
rest of us.
HEW and AOA will play the lead role in analyzing the findings of
the AVHCOA, making rccon:imendaticns concerning thern to the
President, and iinplementing the program as it is finally laid out.
This is true botli because of subject matter and program content
and because Elliot Ricl)ardson also serves as Chairnaan of the
Cabinet Committee on Aging. Also the Adir;ini strati on on Aging is
looked to by this constituency as the agency from Vv'hich all Federal
action should oinanatc.
Both The Secretary and The Comniissioner on Aging Vvill make
numerous appearances on the Hill because of the heavy volume of
Aging legislation, not the least of wliich is the extension of the Older
Americans A^ct. This will provide us an excellent opportvmity to
develop a record witli the elderly and the effectiveness of these
appearances is of very liigh priority with Richardson.
Dick Darjnan is nov; back in place in HEW and is working in coopera-
tion with Russell Byers (Jack Veneman's AA^) to ensure delivery of
comuTi i trnent s .
Jolin Martin will remain as Commissioner hvit he will be given a very
strong Deputy to strengtlien AOA's perforinance.'
9099
Tab G
:A-7r-. EDUCATION. AND VJELFARZ
.GTON. D. C. aoioi
February 15, 1972
lORAXDLvi FOR dg:-z:stic cc'jxcii. cox>:itill. ox aging
Ja-as XcLar^a has recently iissuried nev? rusponsibilitias £S Deputy
Director of the Cost of Living Council, and will no longer be
sarvir.^ as Staff Director fcr the Do.T.astic Council Conriittee on
Agir.j. '.■.■"nilc this is inceed a regrettable less to the Co::mittee,
I ar. very pieasec to report that Miss Vicki Keiler--v7fio has been
working closely vith Jar.-.ie l-.'cLane and the Ccrraittee--has agreed
to serve as Staff Director.
Attached, for your inforr.ation, is a n-.Cf.orancuf. fror. Vicki Kellei
to r.-.e;:hers of the Dcr.-.estic Council Ccfjtittee Workgroup. The
net^oran&un; t;akes additional a5sign::::ents of responsibility vhich
I feel \:ili be of considerable help in e-nsuring that v;e r.ove
effectively to iir.pien^ent the Aging strategy.
Domestic Council
Cottnittee on Aginc
32-818 O - 74 - pt. 19 - 33
9100
THC WHITE HOUSE
V/AS HI NGTO N
February 11, 1972
MEMORANDUAI FOR: DOMESTIC COUNCIL A70RK GROUP
FROM: VICKI KELLER
SUBJECT: Project Coordination
During llic next six montlis, it is essential that we sustain tlic momentum
tliat has been built up by the President's speech.es in Chicago, Nasliua,
l\'e\v Harnprjh.ire and at tlic "\VhJte House Conference on Aging. This will
requij-c j)-;i]:>lej;-!enTinc; tlie President's commitn"ients at tlie Conference
and a nujnber of specific Conference recommendations.
In order to concentrate our resources most effectively, v/c have selected
4 areas for special attention. Tl-.c following indix'iduals iiave agreed to
a.ccci>t responsiinlity for developing action programs to achieve the
objectives listed belov/:
L "Ombudsman" for the Elderly (Chris Todd)
II. Nutrition (Byron Gold)
III. Voluntary Action Programs (Jolm Keller)
IV. Housing/Living Arrangements (Peter Monroe)
Tliese project coordinators v/ill be res'ponsible for:
1. Coo]-dinatir.g th.e reviev/ of Y/h.ite Ploiise Conference recom-
mendations and particularly tliose "P)-iority Action Aircas"
cited in Secj-etary Riclia rcJson 's memoranduni of January 26.
2. Dc;vcloping, in coordiiialion. v/itli the appropriate Agencies,
• '"^ I'_?'"L''J-F ii"!Ti''^'^''''^c ntalioji plan for their respective area.';,
designed to - -
liuild on th.e Adir.inistra tion'n overall strategy for
tlie aging.
9101
- Fit the tight fiscal framework established by
the President.
Maximize th.c Administration's leadership in
terms of the J^residcnt's call for action.
Address coinparable Congressional initiatives.
3. Monitoring implejnentation of the plan and reporting on
implenientalion to tlie Domestic Council Coinmittee on
Aging.
I trust lliat each member of 'the v/orking group will give their full
cooperation to these individuals in developing these action plans.
cc: Arthxir Fleming
Bud Evans
Ken Cole
9102
t o :.■ . D . c r C 3 c
January 26, 1972
MEMORANDUM FOR DOMESTIC COUNCIL COMMiITTEE ON AGING
As v/e discussed at our last n-.ceting, a Special Message on Aging is
going to be sent to the Congress later this winter. This message v/ill
focus on the amendments to the Older Americans Act which expires
June 30, 1972, However, other initiatives which v^e have taken or
might take to respond to the recomiT.endf.tions of the AVhite House
Conference on Aging should be included in this message.
As the President indicated in his n-iessage to the Conf
erence:
"I am going to give my close, personal attention to
the recommendations of this Conference -- I have
directed that yoiir reco:rji:!endations be put at the
top of the agenda of our Cabinet-level Coi-pjiTiittee
on Aging --as v.'e keep thiose promises, as v/e
fulfill our coinn-.itnients to action, we v.ill make
this Conference the great nev/ beginning that you
talked about this weeh, "
Therefore, I will need your inp-ats for this special message, drav.-ing
from the recommendations of the Conference given you at th.e last
Comiinittee on Aging meeling. I will need your .reco:-nr xcndations
and suggested language for the message as soon as possible, but
no later than February 11.
The Domestic Covuicil Connr_-iittee on Aging vv-orl: group has rcv-icv.ed all
the recoiniTiendatjons of the Conference. It has developed a list of
priority action areas from these recommendations vhich are attJiched
(TAB I). Decisions should be rcacJicd in as many of the priority
recor.-uTiendation areas as possible prior to February 11. Tliese
decisions should be rcilcctsd in your Department/Agency's input
for this Special Message on Aging. Please feel free to rtv-Iew any
other Conference recon-Lrjiendations on v/nich your Department/
Agency could shov,- positive action.
9103
If you need further information or any clarification please call me or
Yield Keller directly (456-2207).
Thanks for your assistance.
Attachments
Elliot L. Richardson
Secretary
Chairman, Domestic Coimcil
Committee on Aging
Doinestic Council Committe
Asi
Secretary of Health, Education and 'Welfare (and Chairman of the
Domestic Co\incil Comn:iittee on Aging)
Director, OMB
Secretary of HUD
Secretary of Labor
Secretary of Commerce
Secretary of Agriculture
Secretary of Transportation
Director, GEO
Director, ACTION
Arthur Flemming (Chairman, 'Wi-iile House Conference on Aging
and Special Consultant to the President on Aging)
Leonard Garment
9104
TAB G
V/hilc HoiiFc Cor.fercr.cc on Agjiip Reconimcridations
Priority Action Areas
Tlie Domestic Council Committee on Aging V/ork Group has re\-iewed
all the recommeridations of the Wliite House Conference on Aging, A
list of high priority recoiTm-sendations on which immediate action steps
might be taken hz.s been developed. These priority areas were selected
in accord with the following criteria:
Build on the Administration's overall strategy for the
aging (summarized in Tab A).
Fit the tight fiscal framev/ork establislied by the President.
- . Maximize tlie Adniinistration's leadership in terms of the
President's call for action.
Address comparable Congressional initiatives.
In some cases, exact recommendations of the Conference are described
below as priority areas. In other cases, the area.s described represent
many individual recommendations or meet the underlying goals sought
by the Conference. A fvill understanding of the action areas can be
gained by reviev.'ing the appropriate subject area of the Conference
Report (i. c. , Education, Housing, Nutrition, etc. ) in depth.
Each r econimendation is currently being staffed ovit by tlic agency
designated, as a result of the V-'crk Group nieetings. This staff work
is to include translation of the recoinmend-'-tion into a possible action
whicli could be effected throug]". either administrative (organizational
or regulatory) change, budger reallocation, or new legislation. An
action plan for implen:ientation is then to be developed by the lead
agen.cy. The v/ork completed on the fiscal notes just prior to the
Conference £.1::ou1q prove useful in terms of costing out the various
■recomjiieiidations.
ACTION AREA LEAD RESPONSIBILIT
Education
(Second:iry Responsibility-}
Nalional awareness carr.paign to promote WHCoA (HEW)
better understanding of tjie aging process,
the needs and interests of the elderly,
th.eir positive past contributions, the
potential ujaLapped resources of older
persons.
9105
ACTION AREA
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
Education (cent. )
2. More effective pre-retirement counseling
Federal GoverniTient CSC
State and local goverrLment, industry HE^V-OE (DDL)
3. Broadening of education to provide aging HEVZ-OE
with a tool for later life.
Alleviating fiuictional illiteracy.
Strengthening consumer protection.
Providing education as a tool for
enjoyment.
Providing a source of employment
for retirees as members of faculties.
4. Establishing a Special Division of Educa- HEV/-OE
tion for the Elderly within the Office of
Education,
Employment &: Rctireinent
1. Private pension reform (legislation
submitted).
Treasury (DOL)
2. Creation of a national "job bank", or
the establisliment of local centers, which
would match employable elderly ^vith
part-time or f\ill-time opportujiities --
reconsideration of OEO's proposal.
DOL (OEO)
3. Stricter enforcement of protective and
anti-discriininatory lav\?s coupled v/ith
extension of the 1967 Age Discrimination
Act to cover all employees, both
private and public.
4. Transfer partial responsibility for middle-
aged and older v/orkers' employment
programs (part-time job development,
enforccjncnt of ago discrimination law,
technical assistance to State Employinent
Ser\dces) from; DOL to DKEVv'' (possible
use of OAA araencmcnts as vehicle).
OMB (DOL) (HEAV)
9106
3
ACTION AREA
Employn-ient £^ Retirement (cont. )
5. Transfer of Main stream Programs for
older persons (Green Thumb, Senior
Aides, etc. ) from DOL, to ACTION.
6. Expand fiinction of Social Security-
offices to include offering of
pre-retirement coxinseling.
7. Strengthen and c.-'.-pand programs at
Federal, State and local levels which
provide opportunities for community
service by older persons.
8. Create National Foundation on Retirement
financed throuj^h public and private
(insurance companies, \inions, pension
fujids, etc. ) resources.
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
OMB (DOL) (ACTION) (OEOl
hey; (ACTION) (GEO)
DOL (HEW)
Facilities, Programs L Services
1. Revicv/ all recommendations of consuiner
special concerns group and implement as
many as possible.
2. Implement voluntary organizations' plan to
assist the aging remiain in their own homes
in as many communities as possible.
3. Expand homema]:cr and home health
aide services.
irs. iMiauer
HEW (NCVA)
HEW (OEO)
HealtJi
1. Extend Medicare/Aledicaid funds to cover HEW (OMB)
all out-of-liospital prescription drugs.
(Decision paper submitted already.)
2. Review National Health Plan legislation in HEV/(Oi\IB)
viev/ of Conference recommeridations and
modify as appropriate.
9107
ACTION AREA LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibilif/)
Health (cont. )
3, Re-examine possibility of broadening HEYv" (OMB)
Medicare coverage to include adult
portions of Medicaid, long-term care,
homemaker services, transportation
to and from health services.
Nutrition
1. Tailor implementation of new Food Starrip Agriculture (HEY/) (OMB)
regulations to needs of elderly. Particular
attention should be paid to the fcllo-'Adng
Conference recommendations:
In addition to store purchases of food,
food stamps be used for th.e purchase of
meals in participating restaurants,
schools and commimity settings, and
any approved home delivery systems.
The food stamp program should be
structured to conform to the USDA
low-cost food plan at no increase in
the cost of food stainps to the
recipient.
As long as low-income social security
recipients are on firmed incomes, they
should be eligible for self- certification
for food stainps and/or Public Assistance
cash grants.
Food Stamp applications shovild be
mailed v.'ith social security clieclcs
and stamps sent to older persons
through the mail or by some other
efficient, practical and dignified
distriburion method.
9108
ACTION AREA
Nutrition (cont. )
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Seconclp.ry Responsibility)
The purchase of food stamps sliould
be encouraged and facilitated by
providing the first food stamp
allotment without cost to the
recipient by permitting niore
frequent purchases and by
distributing stamps at senior
citizen centers.
2. Offer elderly a variety of options for meals, HEW (Agriculture) (HUD)
stressing tiie favorable psychological values
and economies in!ierent in group feeding.
All Federally-assisted housing developments
■- should include ser\-iccs or insure that services
arc available for the feeding of elderly
residents and elderly persons to v/hom the
development is accessible. Where a meal is
provided; it should also require the provision
of facilities (including transportation) for
food purchase a;id meal preparation vv'ithin
each l-ouseiToId of th.e development. In
addition. Federal policy siiould encourage
and support coinmunity agencies to provide
facilities and ser\-ices for food purchases,
meal preparation and home delivered meals
(often called Meals-on-Vi'hecls) for eligible
persons living outside housing developments
or in isolated areas.
3. Establish a national school lunch program for Agriculture (HEW)
Senior Citizens, not limited to school facilities
or to lov,' income persons, v^hicli includes the
follov.'ing provisions:
All USIDjV comi-nodities should be fully
available on tlie same basis as they are
to the school lv„nch program.
Fur.ding should provide for adequate
staff, food, s\:pplies, equipment,
and transportation.
9109
6
ACTION AREA
Nutrition (cont. )
Elderly people shoiild be employed
insofar as possible.
Auxiliary services should te built
in, including recreational, educational
and counseling prograins.
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
Housing
1. Publicize more broadly what already doing, HUD
particularly the $1 million of new money
to expedite grants and earmarking of
236 fxuids for non-profit endeavors.
2. Federal policy r-liould require low and HUD
moderate income elderly housing in all new
cities, new communities, planned unit
developirsents, xirban renewal areas, model
cities areas and other similar developments
whicli receive Federal funds or assistance.
3. Expand Rent Suppleinent Program specially HUD
directed to older persons, utilizing local
organizations of older persons to promote
its use.
Enact legislation establishing and funding a
major l-.ome reoair prograin for older people
in rural areas. It should include home repair
loan and grant programs under the Fanners
Home Adn-iinistration (currently authorized
hv-t not provided); larger jioiiic repair grants
for v,elfare recijjiejits v/ith less State-
matc;iing funds t}ian at present; autliori zation
to use Federal :-r.anpower training programs
to perform the work; and a.dcquate staff to
administer these programs efficiently.
HUD (HEW) (DOL) (OEO)
9110
ACTION AREA
LEAD RESPONSIBIL,ITy
(.Secondary Responsibility)
Housing {cont. )
5. Provide mechanisms to make possible local
property tax relief for the elderly home-
ovnier and renter.
6. Create a variety of living arrangements
to ineet changing needs of the elderly.
Such arrangements shall include
residentially oriented settings for
those who need different levels of
assistance in daily living. The range
shall include (1) long-tcrni care
facilities for the sick; (2) facilities v/ith
limited medical, food and homemakcr
services; (3) congregate housing v/ith
food and persona.l services; and (4)
housing for independent living with
recreational and activity programs.
7. Include management of liousing for
elderly as part of curriculum for
National Housing Management
Institute.
Domestic Covmcil
HEV; /HUD
8. Mo\.mt cainpaign to use elderly residents
of Federally-assisted housing as
commuaiity voliinteers.
HUD/HEW /ACTION /NC V
9. Use federally assisted housing as basi
for coordination of bousing services,
and volunteers.
HUD/HEV/ (ACTION) (NCVA
iccme
Add to KR.l during Senate consideration a
few important recomincndations of tiie
Conference to sliov,' tliat tin: Administration
listen.ed.
9111
ACTIOrs' AREA
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
Transportation
1. Increase support for the development
of transportation for all users, with
special consideration given the needs
of the elderly, particularly the rural
elderly.
2, Enact legislation to enable and to require
public, social, health and employnaent
services in rural areas pro\dde trans-
portation and outreach; remove legal
barriers such as ta:d. rates, car, taxi
and school bus insurance restrictions to
siicli transportation services.
DOT (HEY7)
3. All government passenger vehicles (such
as school buses, vans, etc.) in use by
Federal, regional. State, county and city
programs shall be niadc available inter-
changeably among agencies for the pro-
vision of transportation to senior citizens.
Planning
1. Establish (within HEW or elsev.-here for
the entire Federal government) an R S; D
bank Vvhere copies of all current projects
would be on file and through which each
nev/ project v.-ould be cleared to a) avoid
duplication and b) maximize exposure
and iinplementation of present efforts.
2. Research findir-gs now available should be
assembled, coordinai;ed and incorporated
into service progi'a'.TiS, partici'Iarly at
OEO, to e\aluate demonstration prograins,
jiink the bad ones and expa.nd the good ones
OEO (HEV/)
9112
9
ACTION AREA
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility-)
Research and Demo
1.
miration
Create a position v.-ithin the Executive Branch HEW/AVhite House
to develop and coordinate programs for the
aging, including research and demonstration
programs, and to oversee their translation
into action.
2. Relationships between agencies in aging
and other public agencies sho\ild be
characterized by mutual adjustments
and cooperation -- and by durable
joint agreeinents of responsibility
for research, com.prehensive
planning and prov-ision of scr\nces
and facilities -- and should be based
on and directly responsive to older
Americans' opinions and desires.
(This should become the credo of the
Cabiiiet Committee and be so publicized.
3. Create a center for aging in NIMH to meet
the resTOJisibiJities for more research
and training in the field of the elderly.
Domestic Council
Comn-iittee on Aging
HEW
Training
1. Appropriated Federal research, demonstra-
tion and training funds should be apportioned
and allocated proinptly; and yjrograms for
which such funds are appropriated -- should
be ijTiplemented wdthout delay.
2, Training and research agencies, including
Uiiiversity programs which relate to
recreation and leisure, should be
encouriiged to concern themselves
with the needs of older persons as an
integral part of their training
curriculum.
HEW (OEO)
HEAV/OEO
9113
10
ACTION AREA
LEAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
Training (cont. )
3. Because of the needs and problems that
exist among t]ie aging of the economically
and socially disadvantaged, funds should
be earmarked at all levels for training
and research for Black, Chicanes,
Puerto Ric?-ns, Asians, Indians and other
disadvantaged groups.
HEW/OEO
Government and Non -Government Organization
At all levels of government a central office
on aging should be established in the Office
of the Chief Executive, v/ith responsibility
for coordinating all programs and activities
dealing with the aging, fostering coordina-
tion bctv.'een governmiental and non-govern-
mental prograir.s directly and indirectly
engaged in the provision of services, and
for planning, monitoring and evaluating
services and programs.
Executive Office of the'
President/All Departments
2. pach operating department should establish
the post of Assistant Secretary for Aging
with responsibility for ma>dmizing the
department's invpact in relation to the
needs of the older person. A coordinating
council should be established in each
central office of aging to be cliaired by the
director of the office and should include the
several department assistants on aging.
3. At the Federal level, this central office
should be implemented with the authority
and funding- levels ajid full-time staff
needed to formulate and administer policy,
and should be assisted by an ad\dsory council
and should be required to make an accurate
and comprehensive annual report on its
progress in resolving problems and meeting
All Departments
Special Consultant to the
President on Aging
9114
ACTION AREA J..EAD RESPONSIBILITY
(Secondary Responsibility)
Governn:ient and Non-Government
Organization (cont. )
goals. ■ This White House level office shoxild
have enough prestige and resources to
assure that it v.ill encourage the development
of parallel units at the State and community
levels.
4. Means should be fo\ind for a continuing HEW/White Hou£
"conference" on the aging to aid in the
follov.'-up of the recommendations of this
WHCoA, v^'hich also would extend beyond
the annoujiced follow-up year of 1972 and
even until the next V/liite House Conference
on Aging.
5, Either by executi\'e order or by congressional HEV/
a.ction, give inimediate priority to the re-
structuring of the Administration on Aging and
its establislu-;-Lent as a visible, effective
advocate agency for the elderly at the
highest level of government so that it v.ill
directly relate to the Executive Office of
the President.
9115
Note: This is a preliminary draft. A more detailed and up-to-date
.version is being prepared by Bud Evans of Chuck Colson's staff and Tab H
v.'ill be forwarded when completed.
I. Adniinistral ion
A. President and First Family At least six (three
Presidential) bip,h visibility stops from February 1 to
November 7. President to do at least one major Older
American convention address in May.
-Presidential filin clip on Aging Message - -Ma rch 2.
-First l^ady, Julie, Tricia to v-isit nursing homes, older
American recreation centers, etc. in key slates (per-
haps with Dr. Flemming).
-Fresident to meet with Flemming and Administration on
Aging in May.
-President to do major radio a^'dress in May (Older
American Month) and Fall.
B, Dr. Fleniniing Special road show operation in major
media centers in key states and those with iiigh older
. American populations. Eacl) stop to include:
-Major address to older American group
-TV talk sliow
-Press conference
-Private meeting with local older Vimerican leaders
-Tour of older An-;erican facilities (nursing home, re-
creation centers, etc.)
Wire service inte rvicws /Time/Newsweek, etc.
Mailing (^Vllile liouse Conference) in May
Meet at least twice with President lo maintain credibility
(once in May)
Today Show (May or March 3)
. Attend evei-y major Aging Conference
Hold ten regional meetings of VvJiitc House Conference on
Aging, each of wlilcli would incorpoi^ate "road sliow"
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 34
9116
activities, as outlined above.
C. Vice President At Icar.t one major older American
convention address. Dro;i-by at local older American
facilities on at least six stops in key stales or older
American states.
D. Domestic Council Formulate- and announce substantive
programs and actions which respond to "White House
Conference r econimcndations.
Domestic Council Cabinet Committee on Aging Presi-
d';nt to hold meeting in Februaiy with Cabinet Committee
ou Aging for progress report- -Richardson and Flemming
tc: brief press.
Working Groups on Aging (Flenming chairs)
E. I-'F'W Advisory Council on Agirig
F. Fideral Departments and Agencies Under direction of
White House, one man in each departn-u'nt to evaluate by
March 1 what can be implemented immediately or pro-
posed whicJi v.ould be of help to the elderly. This include;
Cost of J^iving Council, HUD. HEW, VA, GEO, Agricul-
ture, Transportation, ACTION, Labor, SBA, Consumer
Affairs, Farm Credit Administration, etc.
-Each department sjiould assign one man witli authority
to make substance and PR decisions concerning cldcrb,
-Special features in special Aging publications (2 per
department)
-Film by HEW on While House Conference on Aging
-Every speech by Federal department officials should
include mention of eldtu-ly.
9117
H-3
Brochures, mailings, speakers bureau
II. Committee for the Re-Elcction of the Presideat (Older American
Group)
-Demographic study ol elderly
-Establish older American Group nationally (press con-
ferences, Today, CBS Morning News)
-Establish older American organizations in key states and
those with hcav-y older American population, --heavy PR
--press conferences, speeches, TV, and radio.
-Provide brochures and inailings lo older A'Tiericans and
doctors specializing in geriatrics.
-Speakers for every elderly group, where possible, in
covipi-i-y. (national, state, region"'l conventions.)
-Deal with specialty media, providir;g features and inter-
views. • .
-Readers' Digest article, whicli should. appear in the Fall.'
-Magazine articles by Flemming
-Film on President's concern for elderly for use at conven-
tions.
-Enlist public support from national groups of Aging.
-Special surrogate spcake rs - -Lawrence Welk, etc.
-Advertising:
TV -. soaj:) operas (identify programs) (Lawrence A\'clk)
Radio - (identify programs)
Daily Newspapers
■\VeelOy Newspapers ;
9118
-Slide shows and recordings
III. Direct Mail
A. Recruiting volunteers
B. Achnov.'ledging the support of Ih-.se who arc actively
helping the President.
C. Providing liigli inipact persuaslcn material including
information about the opponent (obviously not mailed
in the name of the President's campaign).
D. Promoting registration, absentee, s ick and disabled
baliols and election day turnout inung tliose who are
most likely to support the President.
E. Soliciting small contributions for the campaign.
NOTE: The entire direct maU proj^ram for the Older Ameri-
can program should be based on Uie findings developed in a
direct mail testing program being conducted by the Committee
for the Re-Election of (lie i^resident and tlie Republican
National Coinmittee.
9119
H-5
Timetable
January
1. Submit initial rccominendations to V.'hite House staff for Presi-
dential appearance opportunities with older Americans.
2. Finalize the surrogate sjjcaker's plan
3. Con^plete the action plan for White House Conference on Aging
publicity.
4. Plan for the coordination of all department and agency publicity
relating to aginf,.
1. Submit ideas for additional exposure opportunities for the Presi-
dent througlioul 1972.
2. Complete tlic inventory of national and target state aging publica-
tions.
3. Submit preliminary content and scheduling plans for national TV
and radio advertising.
4. Complete the action plan for specialty media.
5. Begin production of the slide sliow and recorded niaterials.
6. Complete jDrcliminary planning for Ihc basic liandout materials.
7. -Complete study and submit recommendations for the v!se of Braille
materials.
8. Coji:iplcte preliminary plans for tlic direct mall prograiii in target
states.
9. Cojnpletc preliminary plans foi' the use of Spanlsli brocliures, etc.
9120
!I-6
March
1. Complete eviilualion and submit recommendations concerning:
a.. Brocliure for doctor's offices
b. Readers' Digest feature story and reprints.
2. Submit initial draft of script for the film/TV show.
3. Distribute ?lidc show, recorded materials, and first run liandouts
to the Director:, in tlie target states.
April
1. Complete production on the film-i
2. Make decision concerning vise of bilUioarJs.
May
1. Finalize national media plans
2. Develop inedia budgets and schedule for targ.et states.
June
1. Finalise target state media plans
Ju]^
1. (hnplement tlic communications action plan)
9121
OLDER />^1ERICA1:S ))1VIS]0:;'S FIELD OPERATION
THROUGH APRIL 1, 1972
Below is outlined the general approach O/JD is using in preparing for
and carrying out field activities.
I . Preparation
A- ^jOlJ^PsiAr-L^ (with Eob Maril:, Al Kaupinen or Harry Flemming,
Anne Uorc or Van Shumway, Ken Rietz or Tom Bell, Dave Allen,
Bart Porter or Curt Herge)
B. The Llrite House Conference Briefings (Ray Schwartz - VJIiCoA)
C . Confirm an anpointrcnt schedule
■ 1, State Nixon Chairinen & State Older Americans Chair-men
2. 1/01 I'icld Representatives ' ,
a. Youth
b. Media
c. Volunteer
3. State Party Senior Citizens Chairnen & Party Chairmen
4. State Office on Aging Directors
5. IIEIJ Regional Office (when applicable)
6. PA'C Regional Representatives
7. Secure invitations to all appropriate events during stay.
II. Tasks
A . Youth Division Field Representatives
1, Briefing on up-to-date situation and key individuals
2. Discussion of youth support and coordination with OAD efforts.
B . E::ecut ivc Directors, S'.:ate Offices on Aging
1. V'hen SN—.pathetic — seek corr.r.itncmt to provide O/iD with
hi-wee'-.ly reports, infornation on program i-.nplcnentation,
key individuals, dc.'.ographic data, syr.ipathetic WiiCoA
delegates, possible visiting sights, & key issues.
9122
Older /uncricans Division's Field Operation - 2. 2/16/72
2. VJhen neutral — seek demographic information, information
on pro^ran iiiiplcmentation, possible visiting sights and
key issues.
3. V.Ticn antagonistic — seek demographic information and
infonriation on program implementation.
C . Kixon State Chairmen & OJ.der Americans Chairmen
1. Discuss:
- Operation
- Communication vjith OAD
- Coordination v.'ith 1701 Field Representatives
- Political situation vis-a-vis^ Older Americans vjith
emphasis en key districts
- Secure lists of events involving Older Americans
- Relationship V7ith State Republican Committee '
2. Obtain lists of key individuals (speakers, prom.inent
citii;ens, etc.)
3. Arrange meeting to include:
a. 1701 Field Representatives
b. Senior Citizens Cliairmen
A. Inquii'e as to financial state
D . State J'-p.rtv Chairmen. Senior Citizens Chairmen, and RKC
Regional Chairmen
1. Obtain briefing on their operations vis-a-vis Older Am.ericans
2. Discuss coordination with State Nixon Committee
E. 1701 Media Field Representatives
1. Obtain briefing on capabilities of local operation
2. Discuss state m.edia (vjitli emphasis en statc\.'ide publications)
3. D:i.scuss m.edia coverage up-to-date
^' • 0'^:hcr 1701 Field Reprencntat jvcs
1. Brief each other on our operations and any necessary
coordination
9123
Older Americans Division's Field Operation - 3. llld/ll
G. HEH Field Representatives
1. Discuss program inipleaientation problems
Visiting Sights
Political Situation, etc.
2. Obtain dc^iographic data
III. Post-Trip I-criod
A. Sub:nit Report to Dan Todd
B . Follov/-up where necessary
9124
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9125
TAB J
I. 1701 Staff • $ 108, 000
Travel & Expenses ' 59, 000
Total $ 162, 000
Notes:
1, No provision is made here for specific efforts to secure the
Older Ainerican vote as regards PR and A4edia and Research.
It is anticipated that the Older American Division v^ill participate
in o\'erall planning in these areas and will bfe called upon when
necessary to develop specific reco]T:imendations for inclusion in
various mailers, TV and radio tapes, printed media copy, etc.
2. Tlie Department of Health, Education and Welfare is develop-
ing an overall Adn-nnistration educational campaign to increase
awareness among the elderly of our efforts in tlseir beliaif and we
have been and v;ill continue to be involved in the development of
that program. This program will also be directed towards giving
the elderly greater visibility v;ithin the total population in accord
witli the Pi-esident's directive "to stop regarding older Americans
as a burden and start regardijig thcin as a resource for America. "
There has also. been no provision made for direct financial support
to individual states although a demand for it is anticipated. It may
be necessary to provide full time staff in certain states to provide
coiitinuity and backup for the volunteer effort. .For planning pur-
poses, I would estimate this could run as high as $300, 000. 00.
?. Ej7)ense allowances for state chainnen v^ill undoubtedly be
called for, but an overall deterinination on this has not been made
yet by Magruder.
9126
TAB K
STATE OLDER AMERICAN FIELD ORGANIZATION PLAN
The underlying support wliich exists for the President among the older
voters, the President's policy initiatives and publicity opportunities
with respect to aging all represent significant advantages which permit us
to concentrate most of our efforts and resources on the basis of identify-
ing, registering, enlisting and voting those Older Americans who support
the President. With this concept in mind, we submit the following organi-
zational plans and recomnnendations for campaign effort in the states.
We recommend that the operating offices of each Older American campaign
group be housed in the Comnnittee to Re-Elect the President Headquarters
whenever possible. Supplemental offices and work space may be opened
at the discretion of t]:ie state director in retirement villages and other
suitable locations.
The State Director receives:
1. A basic organizational and campaign plan from Washington which contains
sufficient strategy and operational options to permit customization for the
state and for the individual jurisdiction within the stale.
2. An analysis of demographic and survey research data whicli permits the
rank ordering of all jurisdictional units into priorities and the further
priority ranking of either precincts or census tracts within each jurisdictional
unit.
3. A complete preview and update reports on the national Older Americans
can:ipaign and on the overall effort by the Committee to Re-Elect the
President.
4. Lists of elderly activists, leaders, Republicans, Nixon supporters, and
activity centers.
5. The necessary campaign instructional and reporting materials for sub-
sequent distribution to his area coordinator.
The State Director is responsible for:
1. The development and implenientation of a basic Older American campaign
plan for llie state within the policy, program, and budget perimeters
established by the State Chairman of the Committee to Re-Elect the President
and tlie National Director.
9127
Target State Hdqs. k Staff - 2.
2. Coordination of the Older American campaign effort with state
and local leaders of the Committee to Re-elect the President and the
Republican Party.
3. Establishment of priorities ainong the various jurisdictional units.
4. Recruiting, training, monitoring, and supervising the area coordinators.
5. Distribution of all necessary n:iaterials to the area coordinators.
6. Coordination and arrangements for all in-state visits by the President
or his representatives when Older Americans are involved.
7. Review and approval of each area coordinator's budget.
8. Submitting progress and activity report sbmniaries to the Chairman
of the state Committee to Re-elect the President and to the national
Director.
Area Coordinator receives:
1. A specific organizational and campaign plan which contains sufficient
strategy and operational options to allow customizationfor the local
jurisdiction.
2. The demographic and political data which permits the establishn-ient
of geographic priorities within the jurisdiction.
'3. Tlie necessary campaign and training materials.
The Area Coordinator is responsible for:
1. The viltimate success or failure of the organizational effort and
tlie local campaign activities within his geographic jurisdiction.
2. The establishment of program and geographic priorities.
3. Development of an iten:iized budget and spending time table for
approval by the state coordinator and tlie making of financial coiTmnitrnents
in the name of his committee wit]"iin the limits set forth by tlie approved
budget and tlie authorizations given by the state coordinator.
4. Making the decision on whether or not to register and vote those
Older Americans v,-]io are categorized as "undecided" and/or those who
are identified as Republicans regardless of their Nixon leanings.
9128
Target State Hdqs. & Staff - 3.
5. Selecting the specific canvassing plan to be used in that area
based on the options presented by the state coordinator, local conditions,
and the availability of residence data and name/address lists.
6. Recruiting, training, monitoring, and supervising volunteer personnel
within his jurisdiction for the positions of:
a. canvass team captain
b. volunteers captain
c. registration team captain
d. campaign team captain
e. target voter captain
f. election day team captain
7. Distribtuion of all necessary materials (including accurate registra-
tion lists of all elderly voters) to his team captains.
8. Preparation and submission of progress reports on the various
activities according to the time table established by the state coordinator.
9. Supplying to the National Older Americans Campaign Director, accord-
ing to predetermined specifications. Older Americans' mailing lists
in the following categories:
a. Area and team captains who are actively working on behalf
of the President's re-election
b. State and local Older Ainericans' publications
c. Potential contributors
d. "Undecided" Older Americans votes
General time table for the State Directors:
a. Develop and submit state campaign plan with geographic and
activity priorities identified and budget requests specified by
April 1.
b. Recruit and train area coordinators by May 1.
c. Review and approve area budgets by May 15.
Canvass Team Captain receives: from the Area Coordinator:
1. Lists of all registered Older American voters (his first priority).
2. A specific plan and tiine table for the canvass along with the
necessary progress report forins.
3. A list of potential volunteers who might serve as members of the
canvass team.
9129
Target State Hdqs. k Staff - 4.
Canvass Teain Captain is responsible for:
1. The successful implementation of the canvass plan which involves:
a. (first priority) the contacting of every registered older
voter either in person or by phone
b, (second priority) the contacting of every unregistered older
voter either in person or by phone.
2. Subniitting to tlie area coordinator tlie complete canvass report which
will consist of:
a. the verified name, address, and phone nixmber of every potential
older voter in the jurisdiction
b. a classification code for each name indicating the potential is
either pro-Nixon, anti-Nixon (or pro-opposition), or undecided
c. a classification code based on the latest official lists
indicating the potential voter's registration status
d. a classification code indicating physically active or inactive
status
*e. a classification code indicating issues interests
f. a classification code for "voice only" or braille materials
g. a classification code indicating definite assistance needed for:
(1) absentee or sick and disabled ballots
(2) election day transportation
-'h. a classification code indicating tlie potential voter is either
a Republican, Democrat or Independent.
The result of this entire effort is a master action list which contains the
nannc, address, phone number, and supplemental data for every Older
American voter in the jurisdiction. The volunteers will then be able to
draw upon this master file to create the special project lists as outlined
below,
1. Nixon supporters -- for volunteers, small contributions, registra-
tion, and voting assistance as needed.
2. Undecided or influenceable voters -- for direct mail, personal
and telephone cainpaign contact with content codes for selective appeals.
Tlic Volunteers' Teain Captain receives from the Area Coordinator:
1. -Lists of known Older Ainericans as identified t>y the national, state
and area coordinators.
^optional -- decision to be made by area coordinator
9130
Target Stale Hdqs. & Staff - 5.
2. Lists of Older Ame ricans who are registered Republican or who
voted in the last Republican primary whenever such lists are available.
3. Estimates of the number and type of volunteers who will be needed
for the various campaign projects.
4. Materials for use in the recruiting of Older American volunteers.
The Volunteers' Team Captain is responsible for:
1. The initial recruiting and training of those who will serve as workers
on the volunteers' team.
2. Development and implementation of an on-going program which
assures that each pro-Nixon Older American is asked (in person, by phone,
or in writing) to help in the President's re-election effort.
3. The supplying of names, addresses, and phone numbers of those who
have agreed to help the various special project teann captains.
The Registration Team Captain receives froin the Area Coordinator:
1. Instructions, project deadlines, and the necessary legal information.
2. A coinplete list of all pro-Nixon unregistered voters (his first priority).
3. A complete list of all undecided unregistered voters.
4. A list of potential volunteers to work on the registration project and
the necessary instructional materials.
5. Porgress report forms keyed to the project deadlines.
The Registration Team Captain is responsible for:
1. Selecting and training his volunteers.
2. . Assigning jiames of pro-Nixon voters who are unregistered to each
volunteer.
3. Monitoring and supervising the registration drive.
4. Subniitting progress reports to the Area Coordinator.
9131
Target State Hdqs. & Staff - 6.
The Campaign Team Captain receives from the Area Coordinator:
1. A list of all undecided voters who are registered.
2. A list and samples of approved campaign materials such as
brochures, throw-away records, etc.
3. A list of.potential volxinteer workers to serve on the visitation
team.
4. Instruction and direction for the local telephone and direct mail
operations.
5. Project deadlines for the campaign activities and tlie necessary
reporting forms.
The Campaign Team Captain is responsible for:
1. Selecting, training, and equipping his volunteers.
2. Directing the non-media (with the exception of direct mail) campaign.
The Target Voter Captain receives from the Area Coordinator:
1. A list of all pro-Nixon registered voters with the following updates:
a. New registrants
b. Absentee and election day assistance notations
c. Re-classified voters who have been moved from the "undecided"
to the "pro-Nixon" category during the course of the campaign.
2. A list of potential volunteers to assist with the clerical work and
with the final canvass of \ancertain Nixon voters.
3. Forms and instructions for the target voter list.
4. Project deadlines and progress report forms.
The Target Voter Captain is responsible for:
The development of two complete target voter lists:
a. Special ballot target voters -- this list contains the names,
addresses, and phone numbers of every pro-Nixon voter who
32-818 O - 74 -pt.l9 - 35
9132
Target State Hdqs. & Staff - 7.
a. Cont'd.
needs and is eligible for an Absentee or Sick and Disabled
ballot. The list must be conipleted and submitted to the
area coordinator no later than ten (10) days prior to the
deadline for special ballot applications.
b. Election Day target voter list -- this list contains the names,
addresses, and phone nuinbers of all pro- Nixon registered
voters other than those requiring special ballots. The list
must be updated during the course of the campaign as outlined
above. The final list must be submitted to the area coordinator
no later than October 25, 1972.
Election Day TeaiTi Captain receives from the Area Coordinator:
1. Two target voter lists. The first consists of all the pro-Nixon
voters who will vote by Absentee Ballot prior to Election Day. The
second consists of the regular pro-Nixon voters. This list will in-
clude proper notation for transportation and voting assistance as needed.
2. Complete plan tim.e table, and instructional material for the turnout
effort whicli has been customized for that jurisdiction according to the
procedures set forth in the local election code.
3. List of committed volunteers who have agreed to assist with the
voter turnout drive.
Election Day Team Captain is responsible for:
1. Voting all pro-Nixon Absentees as allowed by the election laws..
2. Voting all pro-Nixon Voters on Election Day.
9133
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
LETTER TO STATE NIXON CHAIRMEN
The Committee for the Re-Election of the President has recently formed an
Older Americans Division of which I am Director.
It is our desire to establish in your State, under your direction, an
Older Americans for the President Committee. In addition to the overall
Committee efforts, it is our intention to provide you and your Older
Americans Chairman specific demographic data, programmatic information and
special support in the areas of surrogate speakers and Campaign materials
as they relate to the elderly. Mr. James E. Mills, who is coordinating our
Division's Field Operations, works closely with me so that we can provide
you with Eia:-:imum assistance.
Our overall theme for this constituency will be "the President cares" and
our objective will be to establish a personal identification with him
through continuation of the initiatives associated with the recently held
t'Jhite House Conference and by making every effort to involve the largest
number of elderly workers in the Campaign itself.
In order to achieve this objective, we would like your assistance in identi-
fying a man and a woman who would be V7illing to serve as State Co-Chairrrien
of this effort, as well as others v.'ho would serve on the Committee itself.
We are also establishing a "ational Committee of Older Americans for the
Re-Election of the President. We would appreciate your nominating one or
two individuals who might ser\'e on this Coiranittee. Suggested criteria for
State and National Committee members are:
— 60 years old or older;
— Experienced in organizational management & politics;
— A somewhat prominent figure with good contacts and leadership;
able to devote full time to his tasks; and
— Provide racial, ethnic and political balance.
We would expect your Advisory Con^xjittee to provide an opportunity for broad
involvement of Older Americans in your Campaign efforts vjith specific
emphasis on:
1) Voter registration;
2) Volunteer efforts (telephone campaigning, canvassing,
special mailings V7ithin the State, etc.);
9134
3) Recoiniaending or organizing special events for surrogate speakers;
A) Election Day organizations (car pools, poll watchers, etc.);
5) State-wide and local media;
6) Specialized Fund Raising (if any).
By using this structure, we should be able to tailor our efforts to the
particular requirements of your State, as well as maintaining a workable
chain of command through your office.
Sincerely,
9135
Exhibit 3e
OCT 1 2 1972
Dear Mr. Chairman:
Pursuant to your request of September 15, 1972, and sub-
sequent discussions with your office, we have obtained costs
and other details concerning recent Government publications
which were directed principally to older Americans.
Two of the publications- -benefit increase notices and
"Project Fir!d"--were sent out with regular mailings of social
security checks.
The Social Security Administration (SSA) , Department of
Health, Education, and Welfare, issued an explanatory leaflet
which accompanied each social security payment mailed to bene-
ficiaries on October 3, 1972. The leaflet explained the bene-
fit increase of 20 percent, provided by legislation approved
by the President on July 1, 1972. The notice referred directly
to President Nixon's approval of the statute. SSA had 27.2 mil-
lion copies of the notice printed at a cost of $30,196. We
were told by agency officials that the notice was necessary to
inform recipients as to why the checks were in a different
amount from previous ones . Officials told us that this was
a regular practice when benefits were increased and in the past
such notices had included references to the President then in
office. We were furnished a copy of the notice of benefit in-
crease which SSA included with the social security payments
mailed to beneficiaries on March 8, 1968. The notice included
a reference to President Johnson.
The Treasury Department, which mails social security
benefit checks, placed the notices in the envelopes along with
the checks. The Department used mechanical equipment for this
purpose and any additional cost attributable to the operation
was considered by SSA officials to be negligible. There were
no additional postage costs. See Enclosure I.
"Project Find"--a pamphlet which was published by SSA in
/ cooperation with the Department of Agriculture- -was designed
by staff members of the Information Division, Agricultural
Marketing Service. Project Find was- an outreach effort to lo-
cate older people who might be eligible for food assistance.
9136
B-130961
About 27.5 million copies of the pamphlet with return
mailing cards were printed at a cost of $129,696. About 25
million pamphlets and return cards were sent out with the
August 3, 1972, social security checks. Another 1.25 million
pamphlets and return cards were mailed separately to persons
having Medicare coverage but who were not receiving social
security checks .
As in the case of the notices of benefit increases, the
Treasury Department, using mechanical equipment, placed the
pamphlets and return cards in envelopes with the checks. SSA
officials considered that any additional costs arising from
the enclosure operation were negligible. There was no addi-
tional postage cost involved in the mailing of the pamphlet
with the social security checks. Postage costs were incurred,
however, for mailing 1.25 million pamphlets to those not re-
ceiving social security checks. The total cost for printing
and mailing the pamphlets and return cards was about $482,196
which includes the cost of processing of the return cards.
SSA officials estimated that about 1.5 million cards will be
returned. See Enclosure 2.
below;
The six other publications we inquired about are listed
M-.-L
Publication
Food and Housing for the Elderly
A Report to Older Americans
Agt
Department of Agriculture
Department of Housing and
Urban Development
The U.S. Department of Labor
Reports to Older Americans
Opportunities for Older
Americans in ACTION
Dignity Instead of Desperation
The Veterans Administration and
Older Americans
Department of Labor
Action
Office of Economic Opportunity
Veterans Administration
9137
The estimated costs of preparing, printing, and distribut-
ing these publications totaled about $263 ,000- -ranging from a
low of about $30,000 for the Department of Labor publication to
a high of about $78,000 for the Office of Economic Opportunity-
publication. Details of these costs and the disposition of the
copies printed are shown in Enclosures 3 to 8 .
The six publications were prepared by staffs of the respec-
tive Departments and agencies. Based on our discussions with
various agency officials, this appeared to be the first time a
concerted effort of this type had been made.
All of the SIX publications had similar characteristics in
that they explained various programs and benefits available to
older Americans and referred to the President by name. The
number of copies printed ranged from 1,250,000 to 1,550,000.
The copies were distributed in accordance with lists and using
preprinted mailing labels which officials of several of the
agencies told us were furnished by White House staff. In all
cases, the lists of designees to receive the publications were
similar.
The distribution lists provided for bulk mailings of from
5 to 500 copies each to destinations such as senior citizen
centers, elderly housing projects, nursing homes, and others.
About a half-million copies were furnished to SSA for distrib-
tion to its 1,000 district offices and with the exception of
the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) , single copies were
mailed to 152,212 members of an organization presumed to be the
National Association of Retired Federal Employees (NARFE) . The
distribution list used by OEO showed that "Other Senior Citizen
Adressees" totaling 191,297 were designated to receive copies.
This group of addressees apparently included the NARFE.
The names of Messrs. Desmond J. Barker and L. J. Evans, Jr.
appeared in agency records and were mentioned in discussions
with various agency officials as White House staff contacts with
respect to these publications. Mr. Barker advised us that
Mr. Evans was the most knowledgeable concerning the matter. We
requested Mr. Evans to furnish us with information as to the
9138
B-130961
source of the distribution list, the cost of printing the mail-
ing labels and what appropriation was charged for such expense.
Mr. Evans, response dated October 5, 1972, was received by us on
October 11, 1972, and is included as Enclosure 10. The only
information furnished was the sources of the items on the dis-
tribution lists .
Except for the addressees on the lists designated to re-
ceive single copies of the publications by direct mail, we
could not determine how many persons received or might even-
tually receive copies. Most of the addressees were sent a
number of copies which could have been or may be handed out,
remailed, or placed at locations where they would be available.
The usual procedure for Social Security district offices, for
instance, is to make such material available on display in the
offices .
The information furnished on all of the publications is
based on records and interviews with agency officials. The
distribution lists were prepared from information furnished by
the agencies and were not edited by us . A number of abbrevia-
tions and incomplete references used on the distribution lists
are explained in Enclosure 9. A copy of each of the eight pub-
lications is also attached for your information.
In accordance with arrangements made with your office, we
are furnishing copies of this report to Senators Birch Bayh,
Alan Cranston, Hubert H. Humphrey, Edward M. Kennedy, Warren G.
Magnuson, Frank E. Moss, Edmund S. Muskie, Abraham A. Ribicoff,
and Harrison A. Williams, Jr. We plan to make no further dis-
tribution of this report unless copies are specifically requested,
and then we shall make distribution only after your agreement
9139
has been obtained or public announcement has been made by you
concerning the contents of the report.
Sincerely yours.
Comptroller General
of the United States
Enclosures - 10
The Honorable Frank Church
Chairman, Special Committee on Aging
United States Senate
9140
ENCLOSURE 1
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
BENEFIT INCREASE NOTICE
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing (27,200,000 copies) $30,196
Preparation:
Office of Public Affairs (2 man-hours) $16
Other 10 26
Distribution including postage:
Performed by Dept. of the Treasury
using mechanical equipment to stuff
notice with social security benefit
checks (a)
Total $30.222
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Mailed with social security
benefit checks 24,760,000
Not used 2.440,000
Total 27,200.000
a
Additional costs considered by agency officials to be
negligible .
9141
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
"Project FIND"
COST OF PUBLICATION
ENCLOSURE 2
Printing :
Pamphlets (27,420,000 copies)
Return Cards
Envelopes (1,500,000)
Labels for Envelopes
Distribution:
Postage and handling
Preparation:
Information Division, Agri-
cultural Marketing Service,
Department of Agriculture
(26 man-hours)
Total
$85,002
44,694
6,000
$143,196
339,000
300^
$482,496
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Persons receiving Social Security
benefits 24,710,000
Persons eligible for Medicare but
not receiving Social Security-
benefits 1,250,000
Retained 1,460,000
Total 27,420,000
GAO computation
GAO estimate based upon niomber printed less number dis-
tributed.
9142
ENCLOSURE 3
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
•FOOD AND HOUSING FOR THE ELDERLY"
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing:
Pamphlets (1,250,000 copies) $14,431
Envelopes and penalty labels 516 $14,947
Distribution:
Contract mailing service $ 2,4 73
Postage and cost of transhipping
534,000 copies to SSA district
offices 17,000a 19,473
Preparation:
Office of Information and Office
of Plant and Operations (49
man-hours) $ 500^
Offset composition services,
layout and art work 303 803
Total $35.223
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Distribution list 955,057
Retained 294.943
1.250.000
TJot available--estimated by GAO on the basis of experience
of other agencies.
Costs estimated by GAO.
9143
BROCHURE DISTRIBUTION LIST
ENCLOSURE 3
Quantity Total
100
119,300
100
37,400
100
55,200
100
190,000
^00
534
25,000
534,000
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION: 1,14 5,057
Destination
1. 1,193 Senior Citizen Centers
2. 374 Elderly Housing Projects
3. 552 National Voluntary Organiza-
tions Serving Older Americans
4. 1,900 Nursing Homes^ for Long-Term
Care Facilities
5. 50 State Agencies Concerned with
Older Americans
6. 1,000 Social Security District Of-
fices
7. 1,198 AARP Chapter Presidents
8. 1,253 Presidents of Senior Citizens
Clubs
9. 102 Senior Citizen Communicators
10. 74 Leaders in the Senior Citizen
Field
11. 432 AARP Legislative Chairman
12. 3,330 Delegates WHCoA
13. 152,212 NARFE Membership
GAO note:
^The list obtained from the Department of Agriculture in-
dicated that the brochure was not mailed to this organiza-
tion. The revised total distribution is 955,057.
5
5,990
5
6,265
5
510
5
370
5
2,160
5
16,650
1
152,212
9144
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING MD
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
•A REPORT TO OLDER AMERICANS'
ENCLOSURE 4
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing (1,500,000 copies)
Distribution:
Contract mailing service $
Postage and cost of trans-
shipping 534,000 copies
to SSA district offices
Other
Preparation:
Office of Public Affairs
(16 man-hours)
Graphics
Total
3.000'
17,000
210
160
210
$24,000
20,210
370
$44,580
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Distribution list
Retained
1,175,897
324,103
Total 1.500.000
^Costs estimated by HUD- -final bills not received
Costs estimated by GAO
9145
BROCHURE DISTRIBUTION LIST
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION: 1,175,897
Destination
1. 1,400 Senior Citizen Centers
2. 680 Elderly Housing Projects
3. 496 National Voluntary Orga-
nizations Serving Older
Americans
4. 1,900 Nursing Homes for Long-
Term Care Facilities
5. 50 State Agencies Concerned
with Older Americans
6. 1,000 Social Security District
Offices
7. 1,300 AARP Chapter Presidents
8. 1,293 Presidents of Senior
Citizens Clubs
9. 100 Senior Citizen Communi-
cators
10. 100 Leaders in the Senior
Citizen Field
11. 400 AARP Legislative Chair-
men
12. 3,624 Delegates WHCoA
13. 152,212 NARFE Membership
ENCLOSURE 4
Quantity
Total
100
140,000
100
68,000
100
49,600
100
190,000
100
5,000
534
534,000
5
6,500
5
9,465
5
500
5
500
5
2,000
5
18,120
1
152,212
9146
ENCLOSURE 5
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
"THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REPORT
TO OLDER AMERICANS"
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing:
Phamphlets (1,500,000 copies) $ 11,171
Envelopes 1,497 $12,668
Distribution:
Labor staff 2,400
Postage and cost of trans-
shipping 534,000 copies to
SSA district offices 14,459 16,859
Preparation:
Office of Information
Publications and Reports
(25.5 man-hours)
238
Contractor (13,5 man-hours)
190
Materials
82
510
Total
30,037
DISPOSITION OF
COPIES
Mailing list
980,057
Retained
519,943
Total
1,500,000
9147
BROCHURE DISTRIBUTION LIST
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION: 1,173,557
Destination
1. 1,193 Senior Citizen Centers
2. 374 Elderly Housing Projects
ENCLOSURE 5
3. 552 National Organizations
Serving Older Americans
4. 1,900 Nursing Homes for Long-Term Care
Facilities
5. 50 State Agencies Concerned with
Older Americans
6. 1,000 Social Security District Offices
7. 1,198 Chapter Presidents
8. 1,253 Presidents of Senior Citizens
Clubs
9. 102 Senior Citizen Commxinicators
10. 74 Leaders in the Senior Cr'tizen
Field
11. 432 Legislative Chairmen
12. 3,330 Delegates WHCOA
13. 152,212 Membership (note b)
14.
15.
16.
Executive Liaison, Room 134
Cannon House, Office Bldg.
Federation of Ebqierienced
Americans Inc.
1625 K Street, NW
White House Supply
Attn: Bud Evans
Quantity
Total
100
119,300
100
37,400
100
55,200
100
190, 000^
100
5,000
534
534,000
5,990
6,265
510
370
2,160
16,650
152,212
25,000
10,000
10,000
519,943
GAD notes:
^These were not distributed per Frank Johnson, Office of Informa-
tion, Department of Labor. Total distribution should be 980,057.
The group or organization of the membership was not shown on this
list - in lists used by the other agencies involved, the member-
ship is shown as NARFE (National Association of Retired Federal
Employees) or OA (Older Americans).
8
32-818 O - 74 - pt.
9148
ACTION
ENCLOSURE 6
"OPPORTUNITIES FOR OLDER AMERICANS IN ACTION'
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing (1,550,000 copies) $16,105^
Distribution:
Contract mailing service $ 3,132
Postage and cost of transshipping
535,000 copies to SSA district
offices 18,502 21,634
Preparation:
Office of Public Affairs
(16 man-hours) 164
Total $37,903
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Distribution list 1,186,157
Retained 363,843
Total 1,550,000
GPO estimate
GAO estimate
9149
ENCLOSURE 6
'OPPORTUNITIES FOR OLDER AMERICANS IN ACTION'
Brochure Distribution List
List
1. Senior Citizen Centers
2. Elderly Housing Projects
3. National Voluntary Organiza-
tions Serving Older Americans
4. Nursing Homes for Long-Term
Care Facilities
5. State Agencies Concerned with
Older Americans
6. Social Security District Offices
7. Chapter Presidents
8. Presidents of Senior Citizens
Clubs
9. Senior Citizens Communicators
10. Leaders in the Senior Citizens
Field
No, of
Addressees
11.
12.
13.
14.
15,
16,
Legislative Chairmen
Delegates WHCoA
Membership, OA
Special quantity delivery by truck to the following addresses;
(All cartons must be clearly marked for each addressee).
1.193
374
552
1,900
50
535=
1,198
1,253
102
74
432
3,330
152,212
Quantity
to each
100
100
100
100
500
1,000^
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
Total
119,300
37,400
55,200
190,000
25,000
535,000
5,990
6,265
510
370
2,160
16,650
152,212
Executive Liaison
Federation of Experienced Americans, Inc,
V/hite House Supply
20,000
10,000
10,100
These figures were reversed by the agency. The number 1,000
should be shown under No. of addressees and the number 535 should
be shown under quantity to each.
9150
ENCLOSURE 7
OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
"DIGNITY INSTEAD OF DESPERATION"
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing (1,350,000 copies) $59,000
Distribution:
Contract mailer (a)
OEO warehouse (a)
Postage and cost of SSA distribution
of 534,000 copies to its district
offices (a) 18,800
Preparation:
Public Affairs and Office of
Operations (28 man-hours) 200
Total $78,000
PROPOSED DISPOSITION OF COPIES (note b)
Distribution list 1,132,197
OEO list 33,763
Retained 184,040
Total 1,350,000
OEO could not furnish the breakdown of costs for each item.
Distribution was planned to start October 6, 1972.
11
9151
'DIGNITY"--Brochures/Distribution List
ENCLOSURE 7
Group
Quantity
Total
1.
Senior Citizen Centers
1,193 (§100
119,300
2.
Elderly Housing Projects
374 (§100
37,400
3.
Natl. Vol. Orgs. Serving
Older Americans
552 @L00
55,200
4.
Nxirsing Homes /Long-Term
Care Facilities
1,900 (§100
190,000
5.
State Agencies Concerned
with Older Americans
50 (§100
5,000
6.
Social Security District
Offices
1,000 (§534
534,000
7.
Other Sr. Citizen
Addresses (WHCOA members,
etc.)
191,297 (§1
191,297
Total /External
1,132,197
Total /Internal
33,763
Dist. Total
1,165,960
Bal. Stock
184,040
Total Printed
1,350,000
12
9152
VETERANS ADMINISTRATION
"THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION AND
OLDER AMERICANS"
ENCLOSURE 8
COST OF PUBLICATION
Printing: (1,500,000 copies)
Distribution:
Contract mailing service
VA staff
Postage and cost of transshipping
535,000 copies to SSA district
offices
Preparation:
Information Service and Publica-
tions Service, Veterans Adminis-
tration (49 man-hours)
Total
$14,671
1,516'
3,374
16.960 21.850
562
$37.083
DISPOSITION OF COPIES
Distribution list
VA offices and others
Inventory
Unaccounted for
Total
1,144,557
69,850
159,600
125.993
1.500.000
GPO estimate
Estimate per VA Purchase Order
9153
VETERANS ADMINISTRATION
BROCHURE DISTRIBUTION LIST
ENCLOSURE
Destination
152,212 Individuals (note a)
1,200 Senior citizens centers
3,300 Delegates to the White House Con-
ference on Aging
500 National voluntary organizations
1,900 Nursing homes
1,250 Senior citizens clubs
400 Housing projects for the Elderly
47 State agencies concerned with the
problems of the aged
Social Security Administration
Quantity
mailed
to
each
1
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
535.000
^A officials told us that they could not positively iden-
tify the individuals. Lists used by other agencies show
the individuals as belonging to the National Association
of Retired Federal Employees or as "Membership OA" .
The number sent to each center, group, etc. was not avail-
able at VA. We were told that the quantities ranged from
5 to 500 depending on the organization. The total sent
out in accordance with the above list was 1,444,557.
9154
ENCLOSURE 9
BROCHURE DISTRIBUTION LIST
GAO' s identification of abbreviations and incomplete
references used on distribution lists for the six publica-
tions described in enclosures 3 to 8 .
AARP
WHCoA
NARIE
QA
Chapters Presidents
Legislative Chairman
Membership
American Association of Retired
Persons
White House Conference on Aging
National Association of Retired
Federal Employees
(We could not find a reference
to such an organization but the
letters apparently mean "Older
Americans.") The initials as
used apparently refer to NARJE.
Apparently are associated with
AARP
Apparently are associated with
AARP
Apparently refers to NARPE
9155
ENCLOSURE 10
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
October 5, 1972
Dear Mr. Ahart:
Attached is a compilation of the mailing lists, their numbers
and from where they originated per your request. This list
was unified and distributed by the White House office in order
to fulfill the White House Conference on Aging's recommendations
calling for informational programs to educate the elderly to the
programs and facilities available to them.
Very truly yours,
L. J. Evans, Jr. ^
Mr. Gregory Ahart, Director
Manpower and Welfare Division
General Accounting Office
Room 6860
441 G Street, NW
Washington, DC 20000
Attachment
9156
Number
1,193
374
552
1,900
50
1,000
155,169
102
MAILING LIST
Catagory
Senior Centers
Elderly Housing
Projects
Naiional Voluntary
Organizations Serving
Older Americans
Nursing Homes
State Aging Agencies
ENCLOSURE 10
Where Originated
HEW
HUD
WHCoA
HUD
HEW
Social Security District (Handled by SSA)
Offices
Agiig Leaders
Senior Citizen
Communicators
HEW & WH corrpilation
HEW & WH compilation
White House Confer- WHCoA
ence on Aging Delegates
17
9157
• t •
and
Housing
for the
Bderly
". . . any action which enhances the dignity
of older Americans enhances the dignity of all
Americans, for unless the American dream
comes true for our older generation, it cannot
be complete for any generation."
-Richard M. Nixon,
White House Conference on Aging
U.S. Department of Agriculture Washington, D.C. 20250
9158
More than 800 of us reach 65 every day of
the year. Already 20 minion people have
reached that age — one out of every ten people
in our country. If you are over 65, you will
v.'ant to know what services are available if
you need help.
In a Special Message to Congress on Aging,
President Nixon outlined two goals relating to
programs of the U.S. Department of Agri-
culture— to reduce hunger among older Amer-
icans, and to increase opportunities for them
to lead independent, dignified lives in their
own homes.
Agencies of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture offer food and housing programs
which provide opportunities for individuals,
groups, and communities to contribute to an
improved quality of life for older Americans.
Some needy elderly do not know about these
programs or know how to use them, and some
public and private agencies do not yet know
how they can share in them. If you have no
need of these services, perhaps you will pass
this leaflet on to a friend or help start action in
your community to help older persons who do
have need.
9159
LLlJ^xxitlbod
Food Stamps Are Money-Stretchers
Through USDA's Food Stamp and Food
Distribution Programs, approximately three
miUion people over 60 now stretch their
dollars. There may be many more eligible to
participate in these programs.
The Food Stamp Program enables low-
income households to buy more food of greater
variety to improve their diets. It's easy to do:
Participants pay a small sum of money —
amount based upon family size and net
monthly income — and they receive food
stamps worth considerably more when used
instead of money in participating food stores.
New regulations now let elderly, low-income
people use the stamps to pay for food delivered
to their doors by nonprofit vendors.
Here's a short guide that tells who can get
food stamps:
With
monthly
Will
For food
income
pay:
stamps worth.
below:
One person . .
. . $178
0-$26
$36
Two people . .
. . $233
0-$44
$64
Three people .
. . $307
0-$74
$92
People with income above those limits may
also be eligible for food stamps if they have
unusual expenses, such as big medical or
hospital bills, high rent payments, or other
financial hardships.
A new idea helpful to the elderly and
homebound who receive public assistance,
9160
allows the costs of food stamps to be withheld
in small amounts from their public assistance
grants and the food stamps mailed to them.
The Food Distribution Program
USDA's Food Distribution Program
operates in about a third of the counties in the
United States. Older people getting welfare,
living on small pensions, working for low
wages, or out of work may be eligible for free
food if they live in a community that has a
Food Distribution Program.
People generally can get these foods when
their income is below standards set by the
State in which they live. The income and
savings of all household members are
compared with the standards. But people with
9161
unusual expenses, such as hospital bills or
high rent payments, may be able to get
surplus foods even if their income is higher
than the State standard. Eligible older people
unable to pick up their monthly allot-
ment— because of poor health or no trans-
portation— may be able to get their foods
home-delivered through local "Drive to
Serve" programs.These now operate in only a
few areas through the cooperation of the Red
Cross. The need for the program and its
success has been soundly demonstrated. It
can be organized in other communities
through volunteer groups. The food is
available.
Project FIND— A New Idea
Project FIND is an innovative effort to find
older Americans in need of food assistance,
inform them that they are eligible for certain
USDA-administered programs and, where
possible, with the help of private volunteer
groups, assist them to enlist in those
programs. Some older persons hesitate to
participate in food assistance programs — out
of pride in being able to take care of them-
selves. Others are not even aware of these
programs.
Project FIND will inform elderly persons
about the food assistance programs through
newspapers, radio, television, and a leaflet
mailed with Social Security checks.
The Red Cross will manage a national
volunteer effort to locate those older
Americans who are eligible for food
assistance but are not participating. Other
volunteers from State and local government
offices and from private agencies will also
spread the word.
Since you hold this leaflet in your hand, you
may be the one who will tell others about the
availability of USDA food assistance.
9162
H
novy; about housing
You Might Get a Loan
Older citizens who live in the country and
small towns may be eligible for a loan to build
or buy an adequate but modest home. For
those people with very low income, interest
credits may bring the interest rate down to as
low as 1 percent.
You who are 60 years and over and living on
low, fixed incomes, have access to a number of
rural housing loan programs of USDA's
Farmers Home Administration. The agency
has more than 1,700 offices throughout rural
America where you can apply for a housing
loan.
In 1971, the Farmers Home Administration
made nearly 5,900 individual housing loans
totaling $58 million to those 60 years of age
and older. In 1972 the total should exceed $68
million in about 7,500 loans. Program use by
older persons has increased more than four-
fold since 1968 and is 16 times larger than 10
years ago.
Or You Might Rent
Since 1969, USDA's Farmers Home
Administration has financed nearly 12,000
rental housing units in rural areas — one, two
and three bedroom apartments. More than 40
percent of these are occupied by people 60
years and over, most of whom have low or
very low incomes. Money for this program to
provide modern low-rent housing units for
low-income rural people has soared from $12.1
million in 1968 to an estimated $35 million in
1972 and $70 million for 1973.
9163
Loans for rental housing projects can be
made to both private persons and corpo-
rations, and to nonprofit organizations and
pubhc bodies. If enough older people in a local
rural community express need for such
housing, a local sponsoring group or public
body should take steps to start such a project.
And You Can Make Repairs
The Farmers Home Administration has a
loan program specially designed for very low
income rural families who own the home they
occupy and need to make repairs to remove
hazards to health and safety of the family and
the community. The loans can be used to fix a
roof, make the house weathertight, provide
safe, adequate water and waste disposal
systems, install a bath, or make other
improvements.
These loans bear an interest rate of 1
percent. In 1971, borrowers averaged 61.8
years of age.
It is estimated that in 1972 more than 80
percent of the loan funds in this program will
be used by older rural citizens — 75 percent of
whom have incomes under $3,000 a year.
_fli n n - 74
9164
and, in conclusion
"The time has come for a new attitude
toward old age in America . . . the way to do
this, I beheve, is to stop regarding older
Americans as a burden and start regarding
them as a resource for America," President
Nixon has observed.
This leaflet gives a glimpse of some of the
activities of the U.S. Department of Agri-
culture of special interest and service to older
Americans. Older citizens should not be
separated from any of the rest of us, nor from
any of the services of any of the departments
of their government. The U.S. Department of
Agriculture is striving to make President
Nixon's goal for a "new national attitude on
aging" a reality.
For additional information on these food
programs, contact the Food and Nutrition
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D.C. 20250. For additional
information on these housing programs,
contact Farmers Home Administration, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
20250.
GPO : 1972 O - 471-771
9165
A
PC
TO
AMERICANS
"Unless the American dream comes
true for our older generations, it
cannot be complete for any generation. "
— President Richard Nixon
9166
The dream of good housing for America's elderly
citizens — an old and continuing dream — is being
brought nearer fulfillment with the Federal aid
programs administered by HUD.
FOR MILLIONS of Americans the process of
growing old — even in the world's richest
nation — is the hardest part of their lives,
too often marked by poverty, neglect, and
isolation.
Providing for housing needs of older Americans has
been a growing problem; it is still growing, as more
than 1,000 people pass the elderly milestone every
day.
Their housing problems are indeed severe. Over 1 .6
million of them live in housing that lacks basic
plumbing facilities. They pay a disproportionate
percentage of their fixed incomes for rent or
homeownership costs — thus leaving too little to
support other critical needs. In recent years,
moreover, their housing problems have been aggra-
vated by inflated housing costs.
In many instances, standard housing occupied by
the elderly is unsuited to needs and conditions of
later life. Elderly homeowners — comprising nearly
70 percent of all the elderly - are, in fact, "house
poor" because property taxes and other housing
costs have risen faster than incomes. Furthermore,
many of these homes were built for younger and
larger families, and constitute a severe financial and
maintenance problem for elderly homeowners.
They would like to move to smaller, appropri-
ately-designed housing, but costs lock them into
their present quarters.
The Programs
• This knowledge underlies President Nixon's
special concern and the call, in his address to the
White House Conference on Aging, for "A new
national attitude toward aging in this country —
one which fully recognizes what America must do
for its older citizens, and one which fully appreci-
ates what our older citizens can do for America."
9167
Subsequently, in his message to Congress of March
23rd, the President outlined a comprehensive
program for meeting complex problems faced by
older Americans, including recommendations for
more and better housing to meet their special
needs. "The general population over 65," the
President said, "is a very special group which faces
special problems — it deserves very special atten-
tion."
The President's commitment to seeing that special
housing requirements of older Americans are met
has resulted in channeling a significant part of the
Nation's housing production to meet elderly needs
at all income levels.
With Administration programs of: (1) liberal mort-
gage insurance for privately-financed housing; (2)
help to local housing authorities to provide housing
suited for low-income elderly needs in public
housing; and (3) subsidies to bring down mortgage
interest rates, coupled with rent supplements, for
needier tenants in privately-owned and operated
housing, 1972 is setting an all-time record in
producing Federally subsidized and insured hous-
ing and nursing homes for our older Americans,
and fiscal year 1973 will surpass it.
Moreover, the stepped-up pace of this Administra-
tion's efforts and success of its program to encour-
age development of a housing industry capable of
volume production that will bring us closer to
meeting the Nation's total housing needs may
mean an increasing supply of housing available to
the elderly as well.
Housing Is Specially Designed
• The types of housing developed with Federal
aid programs for older Americans are varied; they
afford a choice in both physical environment and
life styles, responding to needs of the active and
not so active.
Congregate housing, for example, fills the gap
between complete housekeeping units and nursing
homes; it combines central dining facilities with
limited housekeeping in individual apartments.
9168
Dining with one's peers provides, particularly for
the person alone, a focal point in the day as well as
an opportunity for socializing. Lounge and com-
munity areas offer a residential atmosphere and
encourage activities and programs that involve the
residents. Developments are planned with safety
features, such as intercoms and grab bars, and some
developments provide health services, in which case
the costs are reflected in the rents.
Local needs, tastes, and life styles are mirrored in
the design of housing meant for elderly occupancy.
"We tried to figure out a place that we would like, if
we were in it," said the organizer of a Maryland
project. The result is a three-level, garden-type
brick structure with small lounge areas designed
after Scandinavian housing for their elderly. The
building, which blends in with its suburban residen-
tial neighborhood, is located a few blocks from the
community's business and shopping district.
Another project is in a rural location outside the
Baltimore suburban fringe. Since space was avail-
able, the entire structure was built on one level,
and each unit has its own outdoor patio-garden
area. A common dining area doubles as a com-
munity room for large gatherings. A library circu-
lates books from the local library. Gaily furnished
smaller lounge areas for residents are located at the
ends of the four wings that make up the housing
development.
One retirement home is located in the heart of the
District of Columbia. It is a six-story structure that
accommodates 200 residents. Each apartment is
furnished with a pullman kitchen, but food service
is also available in a central dining room.
High-rise housing is characteristic of the crowded
urban centers. In Reading, Pennsylvania, an apart-
ment project reaches 14 stories into the sky; as
does a St. Paul, Minnesota, public housing project.
An apartment in New York City, sponsored by a
nonprofit organization, is 17 stories high. Nearing
completion in Orlando, Florida, is a 156-apartment
unit.
In contrast to high-rise buildings are projects such
as one in Marin County, California, composed of
low, balconied, wood-shingled structures in a
9169
wooded setting that creates an environment close
to nature for its elderly residents.
A Section 236 project in Centerline, Michigan,
consists of 108 dwelling units in a single wood
frame, brick veneer building that combines one-
and two-story sections. Elevators are provided in
the two-story section. All units have kitchens. A
lounge, multi-purpose room, and areas for arts and
crafts are included.
Another 100-unit Section 236 project, in Hartford,
Connecticut, has 13 one- and two-story buildings,
designed on a townhouse concept of one-bedroom
and efficiency apartments. Units on the second
floor have balconies for sitting out and also an
emergency exit.
A senior citizens village in Fresno, California, has
38 one-story, stucco and plywood siding on wood
frame buildings on a 16-acre tract. Several gazebos
are scattered throughout the site for use by
residents. The project has 180 apartments — 108
efficiencies and 72 one-bedroom units. There are
four to eight units in a building, each with its own
exterior entrances and adjacent parking space.
Individual units have wall heating and air condi-
tioning; drapes and carpeting; and stove refrigera-
tor and garbage disposal in the kitchenette. The
recreation building is centrally located and con-
tains an all-purpose room with a small kitchen,
several small hobby and game rooms, and adminis-
trative quarters. Rents range from $82 to $95.
These and similar projects across the Nation add up
to quality housing for older Americans. With their
landscaped grounds and recreational facilities, such
projects are improving the quality of life for
elderly people who have long faced the severest
housing shortage in the United States. Instead of
seeking escape from the shabby quarters they were
forced to occupy, they can enjoy comfortable
apartments and seek outside activity by choice
rather than necessity.
The Residents Say:
"You've given us what we thought we had lost and
would never have again — a future," a 73-year-old
woman said on moving into her new home in one
project.
9170
The comments of other beneficiaries of Federal
housing programs that are improving the quality of
life for thousands of older Americans, are just as
heartfelt: "This is a wonderful place," a resident
says of a project in Sandy Spring, Maryland.
Another resident says, "I love my home here
because it's mine." And a third enthused, "We love
it."
These comments are an index of the deep feeling
of men and women provided with decent housing
in their retirement years. For the elderly, a decent
home means community and independence com-
bined with dignity. It does away with isolation and
9171
provides older people the support of being together
with their peers. A decent home allays much of the
dread of growing old.
Resident Volunteers
• As President Nixon has pointed out, "Old
age . . . should be a time of pride and fulfillment."
A good home contributes measurably to both, say
residents of HUD-funded housing specifically
designed for their needs. There they are sur-
rounded by people their own age, live in individual
units filled with their favorite possessions, have a
choice of social activities and daily schedules. They
form new friendships and regain a feeling of
self-respect and identification with a group. Rather
than considering themselves a burden, they enjoy
and participate in life. The style of life seems to
take some of the fear out of growing old. It
combines a community and independence with
dignity.
Resident volunteers provide one or another type of
service. A convenient general store in one housing
complex is run by resident volunteers. In another,
residents help out with the meals wherever pos-
sible. Volunteers pour coffee, put sugar packets on
each cup, arrange the flowers, bake cookies, and
tack up the menu-board announcing the evening
meals. A project administrator explains that:
"Here we try to give people a purpose to their
lives. It doesn't matter what it is, as long as it is
important to them. We have many programs that
prevent atrophy of the mind. Last year our
volunteer committees organized 289 programs; we
have a newsletter that's edited by a lady in her
90's, a Vassar graduate; we have people working
with Red Cross; we have a stamp-peeling group
that removes stamps from envelopes and last year
made $300 selling the stamps and used the money
to send poor kids to camp; we have 165 registered
voters out of 172 residents; we have 22 private
gardens, lectures, poetry reading, book reviews. We
stress the positive about growing old, not the
negative — like the extra time people have to
pursue their Interest."
9172
^mmmi
Today's Nursing Homes
• At 84, Mrs. Beulah McDowell finds it "a
pleasure" to reside in a nursing home on the
outskirts of Atlanta, Georgia. Mrs. McDowell
enjoys living among her peers in clean and comfort-
able surroundings where she has ready access to
health care facilities necessary at her age. She
contrasts her present "wonderful home" with the
traditional image of a nursing home as a depressing,
outmoded residence, supposedly converted by the
addition of a fire escape to health care for the
aged.
9173
Mrs. McDowell's residence in Atlanta is one of 800
nursing homes in the country that have been
privately built or rehabilitated with private loans
insured against loss under the HUD-FHA Nursing
Home Mortgage Insurance program. Now 11 years
old, the program provides accommodations for
80,000 persons in 49 States, Puerto Rico, and the
District of Columbia. The total mortgage amount
exceeds $575 million. Applications being processed
by HUD-FHA involve another 600 nursing homes
with accommodations for 60,000 more persons.
President Nixon has pointed out that, "The vast
majority of Americans over 65 years of age are
eager and able to play a continuing role as active,
independent participants in the life of our country.
Encouraging them to play this role — and providing
greater opportunities for them to do so — is a
cornerstone of this Administration's policy con-
cerning older Americans.
"For almost one million of our 20 million senior
citizens, however, a dignified and humane exist-
ence requires a degree of care from others that can
usually be found only in a nursing home or
extended care facility. For those who need them,
the nursing homes of America should be shining
symbols of comfort and concern.
"Many of our nursing homes meet this standard
most admirably. Day after day and year after year
they demonstrate the capacity of our society to
care for even the most dependent of its elderly
citizens in a decent and compassionate manner. It
is the goal of this Administration to see that all of
our nursing homes provide care of this same high
quality.
"Unfortunately, many facilities now fall woefully
short of this standard. Unsanitary and unsafe,
overcrowded and understaffed, the substandard
nursing home can be a terribly depressing insti-
tution. To live one's later years in such a place is to
live in an atmosphere of neglect and degradation."
To carry out the President's renewed emphasis on
upgrading the existing nursing homes and building
modern facilities to provide care for hundreds of
thousands of the Nation's elderly, several innova-
tive programs are being discussed in HUD. Among
9174
these are the feasibility of health and safety
property improvement loans and extending the
mortgage term from 20 to 30 or even 40 years.
Under Section 232 (Nursing Home Mortgage Insur-
ance Program) of the National Housing Act, the
maximum loan guarantee for a nursing home or
intermediate care facility is now up to 90 percent
of HUD-FHA's estimate of the value of new
construction or rehabilitation projects. The maxi-
mum mortgage term is 20 years and the maximum
insurable mortgage is $12.5 million. Interest rates,
service charges, and working capital requirements
are the same as for other HUD-FHA projects.
In addition to providing congregate housing and
care for patients, FHA-approved nursing facilities
are encouraged to take on the role of community
health and living centers, particularly in small
communities and inner-city areas. Day care services
for the elderly and the very young as well as night
care and short-term care for the elderly can also be
provided by the community-oriented nursing
home. The laboratory facilities, physical therapy
equipment, examining rooms, and medical facilities
can offer preventative and on-going outpatient
medical care, physical therapy, podiatry, and
dental services as well as pediatric and geriatric
medical care. The nursing home kitchen can
provide proper nutrition and balanced meals both
in the dining room and for delivery to the homes
of the elderly or bed-ridden persons living nearby.
Modern facilities and new medical knowledge made
available through the Nursing Home Program can
help promote the recovery of health and a mean-
ingful and satisfying life for the elderly. That is the
objective toward which the Administration pro-
grams are directed.
W
U.S. Department of Housing
and Urban Development
July 1972 HUD-PA-9
9175
THE
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
REPORTS TO
OLDER
AMERICANS
The best thing our country can give its
older citizens is the chance to be a part
of it, the chance to play a continuing role
in the great American adventure. —
President Nixon
m m ^\
9177
Introduction:
The U.S. Department of Labor, in carrying out
its Presidential and Congressional charter,
places heavy emphasis on improving the
status of older workers who have done so
much to build America.
As the nation strives to increase its pro-
ductive capacity, and to meet the myriad
social and economic needs of its growing
population, your special skills and experience
are vital.
For you, as older men and women, have
much to give— not only your ability acquired
from years of work, but also your maturity,
dedication and sense of responsibility on
the job.
Clearly, those of you who helped build
Americayesterday can — and should — con-
tinue to play an active role in shaping the
country's progress today and tomorrow.
The Labor Department is working to im-
prove your opportunities to participate in
the world of work through efforts to remove
job barriers, through training and upgrading
programs and through job placements.
Job Training and Job Placement
President Nixon has stated that This Admin-
istration is deeply committed to involving
older citizens as actively as possible in the
life of our nation — by enhancing their op-
portunities both for voluntary service and
for regular employment.'
To accomplish this goal, the Department of
Labor has a variety of job training and work
experience programs available to older
workers. In addition, special efforts to place
older workers in good jobs are made through
the Federal-State Employment Service
system.
A major manpower program. Operation
Mainstream, provides job training and work
experience for poor and unemployed adults.
Nearly 60 percent of the participants are
over 45.
I n the past fiscal year, the number of job
and training opportunities under the program
was doubled from 5,000 to 10,000 and fund-
9178
ing increased from $13 million to $26 million
as a result of President Nixon's directive
announced at the White House Conference
on Aging.
Work performed under the program in-
cludes conservation and beautification
projects, recreation area development, and
social and community services.
The Public Employment Program, created
by the Emergency Employment Act of 1971,
provides public service job opportunities for
a large numberof older workers. The Act
requires that persons over 45 be given spe-
cial consideration in filling positions. As a
consequence, 1 6 percent or 25,600 of the
people hired under the program have been
45 or older.
Your needs as an older worker receive
special attention in the Federal-State Em-
ployment Service system. Specialists in the
employment problems of older workers coun-
sel mature applicants in local Employment
Service offices throughout the country.
Special service units have been established
in offices in 27 major cities to provide inten-
sive services to older applicants. The aim, in
both programs, is to place these workers in
good jobs. The latest available data reveals
that workers over 45 comprised 20 percent
of all non-agricultural job placements
through the system.
Employment Service activities include
efforts to tell employers that older workers-
are highly productive and often excel over
younger workers in judgment, safety, reli-
ability, and other desirable traits.
Protection From Age Discrimination in
Employment
President Nixon has termed discrimination
based on age "cruel and self-defeating; it
destroys the spirit of those who want to work
and it denies the nation the contribution
they could make if they were working. "
Some 45 million Americans between the
ages of 40 and 65 are protected by the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act from dis-
crimination in matters such as hiring, dis-
9179
charge, leave, compensation and promotions.
President N ixon lias proposed that coverage
under the Act be extended to employees in
the fastest growing employment area in our
economy, state and local government.
Efforts to obtain compliance with the Act
have stressed education, informal concil-
iation, conference and persuasion. Through
approximately 50,000 non-investigatory
compliance contacts, potentially discrimi-
natory practices affecting over ^V2 million
jobs have been modified or eliminated.
Formal compliance investigations during
fiscal 1971 revealed 655 persons were due
more than $738,000 in damages. As a result
of these investigations, age discrimination
barriers were removed from over 1 1 9,000
jobs.
Investigations since June 1971, have
shown an increase in the number of violations
discovered and a sharp step-up in monetary
damages.
Protection of Retirement Income
Recognizing that the need of a worker for a
secure and adequate income does not end
when he retires, the Administration is seek-
to reform our private pension system.
Only half the Nation's work force is pres-
ently covered by private pension plans.
Consequently, the President has submitted
to Congress a five-point program to expand
and reform our private pension system.
tax deductions to encourage independent
savings toward retirement;
more generous tax deductions for pen-
sion contributions by self-employed
persons;
a requirement that all pensions become
vested;
a requirement that pension funds bead-
ministered according to strict fiduciary
standards with full information regarding
rights and benefits to be made available
to employees and beneficiaries;
a special study of pension plan termina-
tions to provide needed information on
which to base future recommendations
32-818 O - 74 -pt.l9 - 38
9180
regarding ways to provide protection
without reducing benefits because of
increased costs.
To provide further financial protection for
older Americans the Administration is also
supporting legislation to increase from $1 ,680
to $2,000 the amount of money that a social
security recipient can earn annually without
losing benefits. The potential reduction in
social security payments would be lessened
for those earning more than $2,000. In addi-
tion, President Nixon recently signed legis-
lation which would automatically raise the
income ceiling each time a cost-of-living
increase was added to benefits.
It is estimated that over three million older
persons have been assisted over the past
two fiscal years by all Labor Department
programs— Employment Service, work and
training activities, and enforcement of the
Age Discrimination in Employment Act.
The contributions that older Americans
have to make to our national life are many
and varied. The Department of Labor is de-
termined that persons who want to remain
active in the world of work shall not be de-
terred by artificial barriers and that those who
want to work shall be given every opportunity
to do so. Every American stands to benefit
from the skills and energy of older citizens.
If you would like additional information,
write to Manpower Administration, U.S. De-
partment of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20210.
9181
9182
"... the entire Nation has a high stake in a
better life for its older citizens simply because
we need you. We need the resources which
you, alone, can offer."
President Richard Nixon
The White House Conference on Aging
December 2, 1971
ACTION
President Nixon called ACTION an
"Alliance of the generations," when he
launched the new agency, consolidating
all federal volunteer programs. When the
President announced his plans to establish
ACTION and to name Peace Corps Di-
rector Joe Blatchford as director, he made
the challenge: "Let us work together
to seek out those ways by which the
commitment and the compassion of one
generation can be linked to the will and
experience of another so that we can
serve Americans better and Americans
can better serve mankind."
This commitment to provide opportuni-
ties for older Americans, to become active
in meaningful tasks ... to improve the
quality of their lives by participating in
new accomplishments, has been answered
in the multi-faceted ACTION programs.
Nearly 70,000 opportunities for volunteer
service by older Americans have been
created and by July 1, 1973 this figure
is expected to exceed 80,000.
RSVP
ACTION'S Retired Senior Volunteer Pro-
gram, a new dimension of community
service, is the fastest growing volunteer
program in the nation. Congress responded
9183
to President Nixon's request to triple the
funding for RSVP by appropriating $15
million for this program.
These community organized and oper-
ated projects are providing meaningful
volunteer jobs ranging from chauffeuring
patients to clinics to serving as senior
teaching aides — the activities are as nu-
merous and diverse as the applicants.
Typical of RSVP is the Hospital of the
Medical College of Pennsylvania in North
Philadelphia where volunteers work with
children in the Pediatric Clinic, (pictured
on the back) Others do clerical jobs in the
Dietary Department, or prepare surgical
kits for the Operating Room.
FOSTER
GRANDPARENTS
ACTION Volunteers who work in the
Foster Grandparents Program are retired
Americans with low incomes — men and
women who must be at least 60. One
Volunteer is 93. They come from all
sections of the nation and from varied
backgrounds. They work with disadvan-
taged children in hospitals, correctional
institutions, residential facilities for men-
tally retarded, emotionally disturbed,
dependent and neglected children. The
President's commitment at the White
House Conference on Aging to expand
funding for this program will enable tri-
pling volunteers by December 1972. This
means that 50,000 children in 450 child
care institutions throughout the countiy
will be benefiting from love, care and
demonstrated concern of more than 1 1 ,000
older Americans. Invariably, Volunteers
9184
say their lives have more meaning, that
they receive more love than they could
possibly give.
VISTA
Volunteers In Service to America has
nearly 300 ACTION Volunteers - 60
years or over— from varying backgrounds
— retired businessmen, housewives, law-
yers, former welfare recipients — anyone
who wants to give time, energy, and a
sense of caring.
VISTA is particularly attractive to
older Americans because 40 percent of
the VISTA Volunteers are recruited to
work in their community.
In Boston, Anna Aicardi, 72, knows
every house and the color of every home
in her South Boston VISTA project neigh-
borhood. A retired social worker, Anna,
9185
is the team leader for the "Southie" VISTA
project— manning phones in a mobile city
hall to refer citizens to available services.
Anna says, "We know each Qther and
we know we are helping others. But also
we are helping ourselves. Just the knowl-
edge that someone else is depending on
us keeps us going and builds up our con-
fidence. Or there is Mary Dillon, a teacher
for 42 years in Salem, Oregon. Today she
is a VISTA Volunteer teaching a pre-
school class sponsored by a local church.
PEACE CORPS
Older Americans have always served
with distinction in the Peace Corps. Ma-
turity gained from a lifetime of experience
and the proficiency in skills possessed by
older citizens are scarce in developing
countries served by the Peace Corps.
Dorothy Foster of Dillon, Mont., (pic-
tured on cover) was 60 and scheduled for
retirement when she changed her class-
room setting from Montana to Thailand
by way of the Peace Corps. Saul Greiman,
68, from Jersey City, N.J. a retired plumb-
er, was unhappy without the daily chal-
lenge of his career. He now teaches
plumbing in Honduras.
SCORE
ACTION'S Service Corps of Retired
Executives has attracted 4,000 older
Americans with a lifetime of experience
in business.
Volunteers — both men and women—
counsel owners of small businesses on
sales, profits, productivity, merchandising,
record keeping, among other things.
SCORE Volunteers also provide manage-
9186
Julie Nixon Eisenhower and ACTION RSVP
Volunteers at Medical College of Philadelphia
Pediatric Clinic.
ment knowhow to non-profit community
organizations. SCORE works closely with
the Small Business Administration in
helping struggling minority entrepreneurs
and other small businesses who seek SBA
financial assistance. Frequently these busi-
nessmen don't need loans — they need
experience and counsel — which SCORE
Volunteers are eminently qualified to give.
YOU?
The opportunities for you to be an
ACTION Volunteer are unlimited.
If you would like to make your life
more meaningful by sharing your experi-
ence, knowledge and talents, there is a
place for you in ACTION.
Won't you write for more information:
ACTION, Washington, D. C. 20525 or
contact your local ACTION office.
GPO : 1972 O - 474-932
9187
HifiiiifY
instead
of
desperation
The Office of Economic Opportunity
Programs for the Elderly Poor
J
9188
'*-
■■
'^^"^"'^^H^H^.
^^ ^t^^^K^^^^^St^k.^
1
Dignity
instead
of
desperation
Job, a man of considerable experience,
said in the Old Testament:
"Wisdom is with the aged and under-
standing in length of days."
In most societies, including our own,
this has been an accepted maxim until
the recent past.
The young, spurred by energy and
idealism, sought to make their dreams
come true. Their elders — parents and
grandparents — spoke with the voice of
time and sought to limit impetuosity with
wisdom.
Today, in American society, that pat-
tern is changing. The role of youth has
been so magnified that the functions of
maturity have often been ignored and
sometimes despised.
Instead of dignity which the older
citizen has earned, there has often been
desperation, born of economic and psy-
chological insecurity. The warmth of
9189
familial love and companionship have of-
ten been replaced with the chill of social
and institutional segregation.
In its programs for the elderly poor,
the Office of Economic Opportunity,
seeks to redress this imbalance.
As President Nixon told the closing
session of the White House Conference
on Aging on December 2, 1972:
*'. . . Any action which enhances the
dignity of older Americans enhances the
dignity of all Americans, for unless the
American Dream comes true for our older
generation, it cannot be complete for any
generation."
OEO, located in the Executive Office
of the President, is seeking to make the
American Dream come true for all Amer-
icans, including those who are both old
and poor.
9190
For to be both old and poor in America
is still a double calamity and five million
Americans over 65 find themselves in
that situation.
To help remove some of the more
calamitous consequences of this double
disability, OEO has spent an average of
14 percent of its total budget since 1969
(ranging from $84 to $105 million per
year) on programs for the elderly poor.
In addition, special Senior Opportuni-
ties and Services funds — $8 million in
1971 alone — have been spent because the
older citizen has problems which do net
afflict his younger countrymen.
For example, many who are elderly
must live on small, fixed incomes from
social security, private pensions or else
little or no assured income at all. Their
incomes are fixed ; their expenses are not.
9191
Besides low income common to all the
poor, many elderly persons have legal
and social problems unique to their age
group.
They may need help in obtaining old
age assistance or welfare. They often
face eviction from homes or long-rented
apartments. More isolated than the
young, they may become the target of
robbers or fraudulent schemers.
In need of more than average medical
care, they often need guidance in obtain-
ing it under Medicare or Medicaid or
from state programs.
Unemployed and sometimes unem-
ployable, they need protection against
discrimination based solely on age. Many
of the elderly are also more likely to be
wrongfully committed to institutions
such as mental hospitals or inadequate
nursing homes.
9192
To address these problems of the elderly
poor, OEO has two kinds of comprehen-
sive programs: those tailored specifically
for the elderly, and special segments
within overall programs which assist the
poor of all ages.
Senior Opportunities and Services
Comprehensively designed especially to
assist the elderly poor is Senior Oppor-
tunities and Services (SOS).
Created in 1967 under amendments to
the Economic Opportunity Act, SOS basi-
cally functions through Senior Service
Centers at which various services can be
provided in a central and convenient lo-
cation.
The staffs of such centers maintain
information and outreach networks
which seek out the elderly poor who
need assistance and provide them with
information on how they can obtain it.
9193
At such centers, older citizens can
share companionship, concerns and meals
with their age peers.
There too, counsel on health, housing,
income and jobs can be obtained. A meal-
on-wheels program may carry hot meals
to house-bound shut-ins or carry com-
panionship and cheer to those in isolated
locations. Cars or special buses some-
times provide transportation to the su-
permarket or the doctor's office or to
church.
More fundamentally senior citizens
can organize themselves into Senior con-
gresses and senates — elected from and by
center members — to pool their "senior
power" in influencing the thinking and
attitudes of the public and public officials
on the needs of the elderly poor.
Such delegates visit the halls of the
legislature and the offices of mayors and
governors. They may also form drug and
9194
food buying clubs to stretch their small
incomes ; obtain cheaper bus or taxi fares,
property tax exemptions and repairs or
replacement of dilapidated homes.
Nurse and homemaker help is often
supplied through such Senior Centers.
Significantly, local governments and
similar agencies join in such programs,
both with aid and local dollars. For every
10 federal dollars spent on SOS pro-
grams, local agencies have spent another
$4.
In fact, in 1971-72, more than 60 SOS
programs won sufficient community ac-
ceptance to begin operating on their own
without further need for federal assist-
ance.
Local volunteers, many of them poor
themselves, donate many hours of service
to such programs. In 1971 alone, such
volunteer work equaled the man-hours
of 100 full-time employees in the more
9195
than 1,000 SOS centers across the nation.
In 1972, there are 130,000 SOS volunteers.
The average age of participants in the
SOS program is 71 years, and anyone 60
years old or over can obtain services in
such centers. In 1971-72, some 80,000
elderly persons were receiving services
in 262 SOS programs in all 50 states plus
Puerto Rico and the Trust Territory.
Besides providing services, the SOS
programs have also reduced the chronic
inattention of many local communities
to the problems of the elderly poor as
well as the social isolation of such poor
persons themselves.
Community Action For The Elderly
The Office of Economic Opportunity also
has programs not exclusively devoted to
the elderly poor, but which deal with their
basic problems through its 978 Commu-
nity Action Agencies throughout the U.S.
9196
These problems include housing, health
care, food and nutrition, jobs and income.
Some examples:
■ In Eastern Kentucky, OEO's Office of
Program Development has established a
Housing Development Corporation to re-
pair rural, rundown homes of the poor,
many of them elderly. In cooperation with
the Department of Labor, older men have
been trained as carpenters and roofers
under Operation Mainstream. One super-
visor is 72; all the workers are 52 years
old or older.
■ In Beaufort County, S.C. the OEO
Office of Health Affairs launched a pro-
gram which sends outreach nurses and
aides — poor women trained to treat their
neighbors— to seek out the sick in the
byways and backwoods of this isolated,
rural area. Clinics have arisen almost
side by side with tarpaper shacks.
9197
■ Into the hollows and valleys of Vir-
ginia and Missouri and the Far West,
the Emergency Food and Medical Serv-
ices program has carried seeds for food
and doctors for medical care.
■ In the concrete canyons of America's
major cities, OEO-funded Neighborhood
Health Centers have brought medical
teams to treat and provide continuing
care for the poor, both young and old.
■ In Arizona and Mississippi and other
states, OEO agencies have reached into
reservations, migrant camps and urban
ghettos, seeking to deliver care and con-
cern and a basic capacity to cope to the
elderly as well as the poor of all ages.
■ For the elderly who need legal advice,
OEO's Legal Research and Services for
the Elderly has operated five pilot pro-
grams in San Francisco, Santa Monica,
Roxbury, Mass., New York City and
9198
#t
"^^'^
Miami. These programs basically seek to
discover the best methods of delivering
long-term legal assistance. One basic tech-
nique is the training of lay persons as
paraprofessionals v^ho then provide
legal advice and aid to the elderly poor
under the supervision of trained attor-
neys.
■ Medical professionals known as physi-
cian assistants are also being trained
under an OEO-program at Northeastern
University in Boston with an ultimate
goal of providing more and better health
care for the poor in the future.
■ OEO has also allocated $2 million for
a large-scale social service/nutritional
food delivery program in cooperation
with the Department of Health, Educa-
tion and Welfare. Daily meals will be
delivered to poor persons confined to
their homes by illness, disability or other
handicaps. The basic goal is to devise
9199
economically feasible food delivery sys-
tems for long-term service to the poor,
including older persons.
■ To counter job discrimination based on
age, OEO — in cooperation with the De-
partment of Labor — is working through
such programs as Senior Aides in which
elderly or retired persons are hired for
socially significant service in hospitals,
libraries and other community institu-
tions.
Thus does OEO attempt to deal with
the housing, health, hunger, income and
related problems of the elderly poor.
But however comprehensive its pro-
grams (and the above are only a sam-
pling), it does not claim to have found
a panacea for poverty.
Rather, its goal might be better ex-
pressed by some lines which Poet T.S.
Eliot wrote in one of his most famous
poems:
''Between the Conception and the
Creation /Falls the Shadow/'
Through its programs, OEO is seek-
ing not only to reduce the shadow or
gap between the generations but between
the needs of the elderly poor and the
means of meeting those needs as well.
For additional information, write:
OflSce of Economic Opportunity
Older Persons Program
1200 19th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20506
9200
9201
I
the
veterans
administration
and
older
americans
I
"Our efforts to improve both the
quality of care and the number of
patients treated in Veterans Ad-
ministration hospitals will have a
major impact on older veterans. "
- President Nixon
March 23, 1972
introduction
If you are over 60, chances are you are
benefiting in sonne manner from Veterans
Administration programs for older veterans.
These programs will cost $2.8 billion this
fiscal year (1973). More than half of Amer-
ica's 29 million veterans have reached - or are
approaching — the age range of "older citi-
zens."
If you are a veteran, you may be eligible
for VA medical care and VA financial help.
If your spouse or child was a veteran, you
are potentially eligible for special VA assist-
ance in your old age.
Even if you are in neither of these cate-
gories, you are probably benefiting from VA
programs because:
• VA trains thousands of medical workers
each year to staff its own hospitals and
to serve in the private sector.
• Health care delivery systems developed
in VA are serving as models for bringing
improved health care to all Americans.
• VA physicians and scientists are work-
ing to solve many of the problems of
aging through intensive medical re-
search.
9202
More than a third of the 819,000 patients
treated in VA hospitals last year were age 55
or older — 20 percent were 65 or older.
VA's current medical programs designed to
deal with the psychosocial, economic and
vocational problems in rehabilitation, as well
as physical disabilities, include nursing homes,
intermediate care facilities, outpatient care
and preventive medicine, hospital-based home
care. State-home programs, domiciliary care
and special care units.
• NURSING HOMES
If you were a VA nursing home care
patient, you might be in a VA hospital, a
veterans' State nursing home, or a private
nursing home. Last year, about 13,800 vet-
erans a day received VA nursing home care.
The quality of care in all these programs must
meet VA's high standards.
The President's fiscal 1973 budget increases
the number of nursing home care beds in VA
hospitals from 6,000 to 8,000.
• INTERMEDIATE CARE
One of VA's answers to care of older
persons is a regrouping of its hospital services,
which is now in progress, to insure that the
increasing number of aging chronic patients
will be cared for by the first-line, first-quality
medical staff that treats the younger, acute
patients.
The aim of the intermediate care sections is
to restore patients to be as self-sufficient as
possible in caring for their own illnesses. The
staff, like the patients, is relieved of the
routine necessary on the acute ward, so there
is time to teach intermediate patients how to
take care of themselves when they leave, and
to involve members of the family in rehabili-
tation.
• OUTPATIENT CARE AND PREVENTIVE
MEDICINE
Progress in medicine allows more patients
to be treated in clinics without staying in the
hospital around the clock. This has shortened
hospital stays and brought some major eco-
nomic advantages. The result is that out-
patient medical and dental services are avail-
able to growing numbers of eligible service-
connected veterans. Outpatient care is avail-
able in VA clinics as well as from home-town
physicians serving veterans on a fee basis.
• HOSPITAL-BASED HOME CARE
One of the President's primary objectives in
the health-care area is to make it easier for
older Americans to stay at home and remain
independent. VA's hospital-based home care
program shows great promise along this line,
even for patients who have severe disabilities.
If you were a VA home-care patient, you
would be visited at home by the physician,
nurse, social worker, and physical therapist
from the hospital, as necessary. If your
condition worsened, or if you needed labora-
tory tests or x-rays, you would go back into
the hospital for a while. The medical per-
sonnel would teach your family how to take
care of you and your diet.
• STATE-HOME PROGRAMS
VA helps pay the cost of care for veterans
in State nursing homes and State hospitals.
Legislation approved by President Nixon has
doubled daily VA payments to State homes
for hospital care of eligible veterans, and has
expanded VA grants to remodel existing State
facilities.
9203
• DOMICILIARY CARE
VA domiciliaries (doms) provide care and
treatment for aging veterans who need care,
but do not need hospitalization nor skilled
nursing services. In addition, a number of
doms offer alcoholic rehabilitation programs
and act as halfway houses to assist in prepar-
ing patients about to be discharged from
psychiatric hospitals for their return to com-
munity living.
va research in the
field ef the caging
During the past several years, VA has
stepped up its programs teaching medical
personnel, both government and private, to
improve care for older people. Additional
emphasis on research and education for the
care of the aging is planned for fiscal year
1973.
In research, enough has been learned to
improve greatly treatment of many diseases
that are more frequent among older
people - hypertension, heart disease, stroke,
chronic pulmonary conditions, and cancer.
VA researchers are hopeful that much more
significant advances in prevention and treat-
ment of these can be made within the next 5
to 10 years.
Hundreds of additional VA research proj-
ects on the aging process and on chronic
diseases are underway.
• WHAT YOU NEED WHERE YOU NEED IT
VA has special care units for victims of
kidney disease, and arranges for community
care for psychiatric patients and for others
who have adjustment problems.
An artificial kidney unit may be provided
for a veteran who needs regular dialysis, and
his wife can be trained to use the unit at
home.
If you should be struck by psychiatric
illness, you will receive the benefits of great
advances in psychiatry. VA doctors have
found that geriatric psychiatric patients can
be motivated far beyond ordinary expecta-
tions to perform useful work and, therefore,
have potential for living outside the hospital.
If you were an older veteran, for example,
and you wanted to leave a VA facility but had
no home of your own, VA might find a place
for you in one of a number of places where
VA services would follow you. It might be a
private foster home, a half-way house, a State
home, a VA domiciliary, a nursing home or a
residential treatment center.
financial assistance
for older americans
The VA provides all or part of the income
for more than 1.8 million persons 65 or older.
For example, VA paid $1.3 billion in dis-
ability pensions and more than $963 million
in death pensions during 1971, mostly to
persons 65 or older. Pensions may be paid to
needy wartime veterans who are permanently
and totally disabled for reasons not traceable
to service. Pensions are paid also, on the basis
of need, to widows and children of war
veterans who have died of non-servi-e-con-
nected causes.
In addition, many older veterans are eli-
gible for compensation paid to veterans who
are disabled by injury or disease incurred in or
aggravated by active military service. Monthly
payments range from $28 to $495 a
month — more to cover specific anatomical
losses.
9204
Recent legislation has affected VA benefits
in these ways:
• Provided recomputation of payments
for widows of servicemen under a more
equitable formula.
Removed the legal requirement that the
compensation payments or military re-
tirement pay of veterans hospitalized
for more than 6 months be reduced by
50 percent if they have no dependents.
If you wish to apply for, or want additional
information about any of these bene-
fits . . . call, write or visit the VA office
nearest your home.
qo >a
P z
Prevented discontinuance or lowering of
VA disability pensions because of 1970
Social Security increases.
Increased pension rates by an average of
9 percent and eased income limitations
on pension recipients.
Twice increased compensation rates for
disabled veterans and for their widows
and children.
Relieved thousands of older pension
beneficiaries of the need to file recurr-
ing income questionnaires.
Extended benefits for the first time to
veterans of the Mexican Border inci-
dents.
Relieved veterans over 65 of the need to
reveal detailed income information in
order to qualify for VA medical care.
Extended to aged parents of deceased
veterans the same eligibility for aid and
attendance that formerly applied only
to veterans and their widows.
9205
Exhibit 38a
MEMORANDUM FOR:
PIG:
CAB
GSA
NASA
IRS
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
SPANISH SPEAKING AMERICAN ASSISTANCI
RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD
FROM:
SUBJECT:
DES BARKER
Aging Program Information
MaJiy things have been accomplished over the past few years
which benefit older Americans. Some of them were done through
your Department. An example of such a program in your Department
is attached.
You should find out what percentage of funds for this program
benefit older persons (over 60 years of age) and the number of such
persons benefited. Also, you should establish a compilation for any
other programs, with the same facts on each, that affect older persons.
This information should be written up in a manner suitable for
inclusion in a b^rchure. Before such a write-up is finalized, a draft
should be forwarded to Bud Evans, the White House Project Manager for
"aging" programs. This draft should be in his hands by Thursday,
April 27 th,
Thank you for your help.
9206
MEMORANDUM FOR:
PIO:
Agriculture
Commerce
HE7/
HUD
Interior
Justice
DoL
DoT
OEO
VA
Office of Consumer Affairs
ACTION
DES BARKER
SUBJECT:
Aging Program Information
Many things have been accompl(fshed over the past few years
which benefit older Am.ericans. Many of them were done through your
Department. Exannples of your productive efforts are attached. While
performance has been good, little has been heard about these and other
programis. As a priority item, you should establish a compilation of
all programs in your Department which benefit older persons by
Thursday, April 27th. Such a compilation^ould include (1) the per-
centage of the program's funds which benefit older persons (over 60
years of age), and (2) the number of persons benefitted.
You should then work v/ith Bud Evans, the White House Project
Manager for "Aging" programs to develop an informational write-up
concerning progranns in your Department (Agency) which benefit older
Americnas. This write-up should be suitable for inclusion in a brochure.
Evans v/ill be in touch with you to arrange a nneeting to assist in developing
these write-ups.
Also, any press releases, pamphlets, or other information
provided to the public over the past three years should be forwarded to:
L. J. Evans, Jr.
Room 289 -- EOB
Washington, D. C.
Thank you for your help.
9207
Exhibit 39
COT'n-'IDI^NTIAL March 16', 1972
fvIEiMORANDUM FOR: DAN TODD
SUBJECT: Older AirLcricans Pamphlets
BACKGROUND:
As you know, I have already recommended that a new pamphlet
to follow up the original, _"The President Speaks to Older Americans", be
printed, which would be entitled "The President Speaks to Older
Americans . . . Again. " The latter pamphlet's layout would be similar
to the former (see Tab A) with the exception of a change in the background
color and the addition of the word "Again. " Also, of course, the photo-
graph on the back will have to be changed.
In investigating the potential for utilization of this pamplolet by
the Citizens Coinnnittee, I learned of some possible problems. While the
pamphlet would not be considered political in and of itself, when and if
the Citizens Committee requested copies, v/hich invoked a cost of about
2 1/2 cents apiece, it would automatically become political. Therefore,
a request for printing additional copies for sale, which would be made to
t!ie GPO via the form included as Tab B, would have to be made through
some dumnny organization. Further, the amount ordered would have to be
justified. The practical effect of this is to put us on thin ice, politically,
as a Jack Anderson could get all sorts of mileage out of a column detailing
hov/ the Republicans got the GPO to do its campaign literature. As a
result v/e may want to consider some of the follov.dng options before moving
ahead with anything but a printing of the non-political pamphlet mentioned
above, with a mailing of that pamphlet only to AoA's mailing list,
OPTIONS CONCERNING THE NUiMBER AND CONTENT OF PAMPHLETS
Option I
Develop, print, and distribute pamphlets only concerned with
9208
President's rhetoric on behalf of older Americans, such as "The President
Speaks To Older Americans. " This is, of course, the easiest to get AoA's
cooperation on.
Option II
Develop, print, and distribute pannphlets which, concern only
the President's accomplishments and recommendations. These can
probably be gotten past AoA's and GPO's political clearance if they are in
a form which just states the accomplishments factually and does not do
much to tie the President directly to such accomplishments. In other words,
a lot of the political potential would be lost.
Option III
Develop, print, and distribute a pamphlet containing both the
rhetoric and the accomplishinents since the President has been in office.
A possible format for such a pamphlet is attached as Tab C. As is
readily apparent froiTi the format, this could not be printed at government
expense. However, it might be possible to make it more innocuous, which
again would result in a lessening of the political payoff, but would give us
some mileage.
Option IV
Develop, print, and distribute a series of panaphlets , one con-
taining the rhetoric(i. e. , "The President Speaks to Older Americans. . . Aga:
and the others containing a detailed listing of the accomplishments and
recommendations in each substantive area of prime concern to older people.
This option would allow us to use the GPO and AoA for printing the general
rhetoric pamphlet, but would require Citizens Committee to cover expenses
for printing the substantive pamphlets if they are to have maximum political
impact.
OPTIONS CONCERNING PRINTING
Option I
Attempt to have the Administration on Aging do the work and pa^
for all of the pamphlets v/hich v/e require for the campaign and have Citize:
CoiTUTiittee attempt to buy these from the GPO,
9209
Problems:
a - such pamphlets could not be made as political as may be
needed to gain the personal association of the President with those accom-
plishments and that action v/hich the Federal Governnnent has taken on
behalf of the elderly.
b- even if the pamphlets are done in such a way as to be less
politically useful, GPO may not approve of the sale of such pannphlets
even to a front organization set up on behalf of the Citizens Committee.
Such a sale of government-printed pamphlets must be justified in
accordance with a form request v/hich is included as Tab B.
Have two sets of pamphlets developed and printed. The first
set would be developed by AoA and would only be as political as is allowed
in order to get their financial support. We would then have AoA mail
these to their entire mailing-list with numerous copies, sent to Senior Center
The second would be a series of political pamphlets, which made sure that
the President was associated with all the accomplishments and action
during the past four years on behalf of older Americans, as well as all the
recommendations he has made which Congress has not adopted. The
Citizens Cominittee, of course, would have to pay for these pamphlets. I
do not know how much of the Citizens Committee budget has been allocated
to PR on behalf of our older Americans effort, but it is imperative that we
know before moving ahead with any overall strategy concerning what pamphle
to have the Administration on Aging develop.
Option III:
Just have political pamphlets developed and printed by Citizens
Committee. ,
COiMMENTS:
The ideal situation v/ould, I believe, be to have two sets of
pamphlets developed, printed, and distributed. The first would be done
at AoA expense, and while fairly non-political, would at least gain us aware-
ness in the field that something v/as being done on behalf of older people, Th<
second, would be paid for by the Citizens Committee and would be very poli-
9210
tical, so that the President was specifically associated with v/hat v/as beir
done in this field. This series of pamphlets should include both iVoutlinir
the rhetoric and a number which outlined the accomplishments and recomrr
dations. Finally, it may be advantageous to have an overall sunamary
pamphlet, which hits the highlights of what the President has said and the
accomplishments which have been achieved, or the recommendations v/hicl
have been made to Congress and not passed, on behalf of older Americans.
If we were to try to get the Administration on Aging to develop
and pay for the printing of pamphlets which are as political as will be
required during the campaign, I believe v/e would be walking on political
eggshells. It would be much too easy for someone to construe that as utilii
zation of governnaent resources on behalf of a political campaign. Therefor
I would appreciate it if you would let me know at the earliest possible date
what your budget v/ill be for the development of such political pamphlets, s
that we will know which of the above options are within our reach. Let me
know if I can supply you with any further inforination. *■
Thanks for the help.
-^^
Li. J, Evans, Jr.
9211
MEMORANDUM FOR THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS IN RE REQ. No.
Submit in duplicate diioct to Piociiremeiit Section, SuiitiintoiiuuMt of DocMPitiils.
Title of publication
□ New n Revised - D Reprint
□ Confidential Q Official use D ^ot recommended for sale
Number recommended for sale -
Estimated pages .. Illustrations Trim size -
Binding (paper, cloth, etc.) : Loose leaf Punched
D Type n Plates □ Negatives will be held weeks mouths
Number ordered for departmental distribution
How does this compare with previous editions?
What publication does it supersede? - -
Brief description of contents
Outline of publicity to be given such as flyers, press notices, etc.
Mailing lists to be circuhirized and mnnbcr of names on each
Submitted by:
Name and title:
Telephone No.
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 40
9212
%^
Q-^
Exhibit 40
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
MEMORANDUM
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
August 4, 1972
CLARK MacGREGOR
FRED MALEK
Older Americans Progress
The purpose of this memorandum is to bring you up to date on the progress
of the Older Americans Division, There are several important aspects to
the effort to strengthen and expand the support for the President in this
most significant voter bloc group, including: (a) Field operation; (b) Com-
munications; (c) Direct mail; (d) Paid media; and (e) Administration
support. Each of these areas is discussed in the sections which follow.
FIELD OPERATIONS
As is true of most voter blocs, the Older Americans Division has been
giving the highest priority to field political organization. We now have
Older Americans Chairmen in 23 states, including all target states except
Texas and New Jersey. The development of the organization within each
state varies, but in general progress has been good. For example, in
California, the organization extends down to the apartment house level.
In Illinois, we have identified 73% of the state's older voters in 20 Key
Counties and will hold a meeting of those County Chairmen on August 15th.
I am extremely pleased with the caliber of people we are getting as key
volunteers in the field -- even at the lowest level. People who would
normally either not be involved at all or only at the highest level are
accepting lesser positions because of McGovern's candidacy and his strong
emphasis on youth.
To support the organizational effort, each state has been supplied with
lists of key people, nursing homes. Federally sponsored projects. Senior
Centers, etc. The ler^ and completeness of this effort varies with the
political importance of the state in question, but in all cases, it is ade-
quate for a substantial field effort.
COMMUNICATIONS
The effort to communicate the fact that the President cares about the
problems of Older Annericans is proceeding on several fronts.
9213
1. Magazine Articles. Feature articles for magazines are being pre-
pared and placed, as follows:
-- Readers Digest: Dr. Arthur Flemming will do an article on the
President's record with the elderly.
-- Parade : has been offered an interview with Secretary Earl Butz,
Dr. Arthur Flemming, or Secretary Elliot Richardson.
-- TIME; has interviewed Dan Todd on the overall effort of the Older
Americans for the Re- Election of the President.
-- Newsweek: same approach as with TIME, coupled with an Arthur
Flemming interview on Administration initiatives.
-- U.S. News: Secretary Richardson will do an article on the Presi-
dent's record with the elderly or the 20% Social Security increase.
In addition. Secretary Peterson is planning to write an article on
the $60 billion a year Older American market.
-- Retirement Life: Laura Walker has placed an article by Arthur
Flemnning. This magazine has a circulation of 139,000.
-- Grit; Laura Walker is presently placing an article by Dr. Flemming.
The magazine has a circulation of I. 5 million.
In addition, we plan to discuss feature articles for syndicates North
American (Theodore Schuchat's retirement column); Nevvsday Specials
(Nick Thimmesch's "Eye on the Presidency"); and feature syndicates
for Veterans' news -- At Your Service, G. I. , Memiories, and National
Security Affairs.
2. Television. The better known spokesmen are being offered to
national talk shows, while the others will be placed on local programs.
The topic of discussion will be what the President is doing for older
Americans. Included in the schedule are:
-- Face the Nation (CBS) - Dr. Flemming
-- Public Broadcast Service (Robt. Conley) - Dan Todd
-- Issues and Answers (ABC) - Bertha Adkins
-- Meeting of the Minds (WRC) - John Martin
-- Monitor (NBC) - Undersecretary Veneman
-- Today (NBC) - Secretary Richardson
9214
In addition, ABC- TV is covering a regional workshop for Older
Americans for the Re-Election in California, being held today through
Sunday. Moreover, the November Group is considering the develop-
ment of a 28-minute film for TV to be used as a culmination of our
cannpaign efforts with the Older Americans, to be shown in mid-
October.
3. Radio. Taped messages from Older American surrogates will be
prepared on new developments for the elderly. Tapes will be played
on programs aimed at this group.
4. Older American Forunns. One of the principal thrusts of the Older
Americans campaign is the conduct of small meetings of senior citizens --
Older American Forums -- in each key neighborhood in every key state.
In addition, the Older Americans Division will sponsor a series of media-
oriented Forums to be held in selected target areas in early September.
These larger gatherings, held in major nnedia markets within first prior-
ity states, will act as a connplennent and reinforcement to the regular
Forum Program, and will feature surrogates to ensure exposure to the
large nunnber of elderly who read newspapers and watch television.
5. Convention. As you know, the older Americans were virtually
ignored at the Democratic convention. We do not intend to make the
same mistake.
First, the Platform will have a special "plank for the elderly". Steps
have already been taken to ensure that this receives the broadest possible
press coverage.
At the convention itself, a member of the Older Americans for the Presi-
dent will participate in the opening ceremonies by giving the "Pledge of
Allegiance" or singing the "Star Spangled Banner". In addition, delegates
to the convention over 60 will be briefed so they can serve as spokesmen
on the floor.
Finally, a large reception will be held on Sunday, August 20, for Older
American delegates and groups of elderly persons from the Miami area.
We expect an attendance of over 1000, including several Cabinet Officers
and other major surrogates. This special event will be in nnarked con-
trast to the Democrats, whose only planned event for the elderly was
cancelled at the last minute.
9215
DIRECT MAIL
Current plans call for an extensive direct mail effort targeted at older
Americans. A mailing to reachable elderly non- Republicans in key-
states is scheduled for September 14, This will include a window
envelope, pre- cancelled 5^ stamp, personalized Volunteer/ Contributor
Card, a brochure outlining the President's record on issues identified
by Teeter as being of particular interest to the elderly (Vietnann, infla-
tion, etc. ), and a letter which will be keyed to specific elderly concerns
(social security, transportation, nursing homes, etc. ).
A second non- Republican letter is tentatively scheduled for delivery on
October 5, The quantities wll be reduced by approximately Z5% and will
not include a brochure.
PAID MEDIA
The November Group is developing both an advertising plan and promo-
tional materials for the Older Americans group. While advertising plans
are still being finalized, it is evident that older Americans will receive
extremely heavy exposure in both network and local television, and also
will receive good newspaper coverage. Special TV spots and newspaper
ads are being developed for this voter gaDup for use both nationally and
locally. Older Americans will receive some advertising in every state,
with particular emphasis on the key states.
Promotional materials will include several brochures (one of these will
be available in approximately ten days) as well as a number of other
campaign items, including buttons, issue sheets, etc. Also, as with
other voter groups, the wide variety of generic campaign promotional
items will be available to supplement the materials which are uniquely
designed for older voters.
ADMINISTRATION SUPPORT
The Older Americans project team has been particularly imaginative in
the use of administration resources to support the re-election. Speci-
fically, they have arianged for each Department and Agency with pro-
grams that help the elderly to develop and distribute a brochure that
explains these programs. The first of the brochures (Department of
Agriculture) is off the presses, and mentions the President prominently -
not surprising since we control the content of each brochure. This
brochure and subsequent ones will be direct mailed to approximately one
million persons. In addition, the Senate and Congressional campaign
9216
committees have been alerted to ensure an even wider distribution.
In other efforts, an announcement of the President's signing into law of
the 20 per cent Social Security increase will go out to 27 million Social
Security recipients in October. Moreover, a cooperative effort with the
Red Cross -- Project FIND -- has been developed and will also be
described to Social Security recipients, with appropriate credit to the
President. The announcement of Project FIND generated extensive
coverage of Dr. Flemming earlier this week.
* * * * *
In summary, the Older Americans effort appears to be progressing
satisfactorily in all respects: in the field, at 1701, and within the
Administration. Dan Todd, the Director of the Older Americans Divi-
sion, has done a good job, and is effectively supported by a strong team
in the field and at the White House. Nevertheless, Frank Herringer and
I will continue to give priority attention to this most important voter bloc,
to ensure that it stays on track.
9217
CONFIDENTIAL - EYES ONLY
May 23, 1972 .
Exhibit 41 Jj^t
MEMORANDUM FOR: DR. ARTHUR FLEMMING
DR. EDWIN HARPER
MISS VICKI KELLER
MR. DAN TODD l^""^
SUBJECT: Governinent Brochures A?~b,,_ i/sfe^D
1 have been informed of disgruntlement expressed at this morning's
breakfast concerning the developnnent of government "aging" bro-
chures. So that we will be united in our efforts to make this a
successful program on behalf of the President, I would like to take
your time to review the history regarding the development of these
brochures.
Tn late February, Chuck Col son and I decided that the Departments
and Agencies involved with "aging" were not letting older voters
loiow, as well as they should or could, what was being done by the
President on their behalf. One of the vehicles we decided to utilize
to overcome this w^as the development of a series of painphlets for
mass distribution.
In order to plan the best way to accomplish this objective, I touched
base with Mr. Van Rensselaer, VicWL Keller, Dan Todd, Bill Novelli,
and Angela Harris. In the course of these meetings, it was agreed:
1. I would determine whether it was feasible for the November
Group to distribute such pamphlets (Tab A).
2. I would supply Bill Novelli with the various Department and
Agency write-ups, so that the November Group could develop
their own set of "political" pamphlets.
3. I would work through Des Barker, the White House PIO contact,
to get the Departments and Age ncies to develop such brochures.
CONFIDENTIAL - EYES ONLY
9218
CONFIDENTIAL - EYES ONLY
4. 1 would get the draft write-ups to Vicki Keller for substantive
clearance.
At a meeting with Des Barker, I was informed that the best means of
accomplishing our objective was to ask the PIOs to develop such
brochures on a step-by-step basis, v/ithout informing them of the
succeeding step{s). The steps included: first, have all available
program information gathered (NO NEW SUBSTANTIVE INFORMATION
WAS REQUESTED); second, have this information written -up in a
"White Paper" (Tab B); third, have those Departments and Agencies
with significant "aging" programs develop brochures.
At present, we are at the second step, v.'ith PIOs developing "White
Papers". These write-ups are to be completed on June 1st. As I
receive them, they will be forwarded to Vicki Keller for substantive
review. Once the substance is checked for accuracy, the third step
will be implemented. In addition, the November Group will receive
copies for the development of political brochures.
What has been and will be requested of the Department and Agencies
is a PR effort. One that puts the past substantive accomplishments
of the Domestic Council efforts in the best possible light. We have
no intention of developing new substantive programs; rather, we want
to sell the existing programs. As a result, it was agreed by Vicki
Keller, Dan Todd and I that the Domestic Council wovild not have to
be involved, except to be sure that the packaging of these PR brochures
was not over-zealous, and as a result inaccurate.
I hope the above clarifies the reasons for the approach that was taken
to implement Chuck's and my aforementioned objective. We had no
intention of side-stepping anyone's responsibilities and would certainly
appreciate any suggestions you may have to help nnake this a inore
effective effort. Please do not hesitate to let me know when you find
such problems developing in the future so that corrective measures
can be taken in the early part of the implementation cycle. Thanks.
L. J. Evans, Jr.
Attachments
cc: Charles W. Colson
9219
Mra'ch 16, 1972
ciiron
nol.
■WDUM roi'.\
SU3JCCT
DAN TODI
x-f) j'ou ;^!io\v, X h?,ve ivi^'oud/ vecorr\rn.c;nde<; L'aat a r.aw parnpb.lot
to Ccllo.v I'.-v th3 Dr':ji!ir.i. , "Tlia Pxcjidcnt £ipoakr, lo Older AiTs^.iricans, " be
;:J;:in^c;;l, ^.'h;ch wouiid ba eri!:lclac "Tho Pvcrirjcnl Cip;;.\T-u to Older
Am:; ric :■.::.',•. . . AgainJ';. Tr.o latter puniplilch'i; j'ayout v/oi!!-'! ba ijimilar
to th-.- forn-.or (s^ss Tub A), v/ith th.:; e::.r.oivtion oi a chan?.<': in tlw bac-.l-.f,'i-ound
cnior ?.nd the addit'on of thj v/ord "An.rA-a. " Al;;o, of course, tha photo-
jcvar:;";'. ovi tlie br-ch villi h?-Vo to b'? cli^'.ii'-'ad. - ■ '
the G
■ In in
ns Cor:
:-cno Cc
:;;^ Ih.o pof.oiiUal for- u;ili.~. ■.tior, o: V.\l:; pimplilst br
i icarntnl ol' rjoma pos:;iI:!i;; pvoblui-n::. V/hiio the
r\:.''dcrcd poiiiicul in rmd of itscll', v/hen and ii
-C'.jUc:ifed copies, which invivlted a coDt of about
o"!d cv;;-cm;Micill7 l.-^coi.i^; p^lLllc.il, Tln;r euj'-^j,
:l-,ticn:'.l rrr-pios for .'i:\lo, v/hicli v.'ov'j.d 1jc m;-.de to
'ii , would ri-.vo to bo n-.adc through
the anioitnt o-dcrcd v.'oul.-i h-.vo to be-.
litical cA'cct c'i thin 5.3 to nut us era thin ice, jjoliticali'/,
:iilca_r^o out of a colum.l dct?.ilins
A i-c:";'ie-;t for p;-iilth..
th.> CPO via thi3 i:orin. hid
jastificd. Thr: pr^
r.3 ii. Jack Ando:-BO;i could t;c;t r-U aovtf! of rti _., .. ... ,_ __,
iiov/ the: r.opublicai'.s got tb.D GPO to do Us cr^.raoaign Htoratuj-vi. Ao a
result v/o m.:^'/ wa.-it to coiiuidcrr oomn of Ihe io.U.ov.dng option;; bcirf-e: iviorin;
nhcad - .'ith anything but r, printiri^; of tho non-noTiticil Y>--''--''ip'''l-'t nic!itio>i;:d
above, v.'ith a nsrdlin:,' ji that paniphlot only to AoA'3 iriahlin;; Xijt.
11 /.Nn co:rrgiTT of pa;,;"
"^S
De-/elcp, prir.t, LU'id distribute pc'.mph'ista only concoi-n-;d with
9220
■MENfORAWDUM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WAtlllNOTOH
May 18, 1972
2VLEMORANDUM FOR:
SUBJECT: AGING WRITE-UP
Attached is a copy of the report you recently forwarded to us
containing commenbs and suggestions.
Taking these comments into consideration, v/e would appreciate
your converting this basic factual material into a White Paper
■using language easily understood by your various publics. A
draft of this paper should be completed and returned within six
v/orking days--by close of business on T ue 3 cfay/ 'JVi.-^7^%0 . This
is a coordinated effort involvingmore than one agency and
department and your attention to the deadline will be greatly
appreciated.
In preparing your draft, please keep the following points in mind:
1. Give an indication of the developments in recent years
that demonstrate increasing attention to programs.
Include any examples of services and equipitient not
previously available.
2. Cite examples of effective programs and the acceptance
they have received by older Americans.
3. Include budget figures and the number of persons affected
by various programs and projects.
4. Please keep in mind that the constituency interested in
Aging programs is mostly an older constituency. Many
of them do not identify with phrases such as "Senior
Citizens"- -"The Aged"--etc. We suggest such pronovins
as: you, your, older Americans, older citizens, and
older persons.
This request is an outgrowth of the earlier memorandum from
Des Barker and your adherancc to the Mp^y^Q deadline is vital
to this project.
L. J. Evans, Jr.
9221
August 7, 1972
EYES ONLY
MEMORANDUM FOR: BILL, NOVELLI
FROM: L. J. EVANS, JR. ^t^
SUBJECT: Attached
Per our discussion, thanks for your help in trying to move this one.
EYES ONLY
9222
.\!i:morandl M
THE WHITE HOL/SE
August 7, 1972
EYES ONLY
MEMORANDUM FOR: KEN COLE
FROM: L. J. EVANS, JR.^S^-^
SUBJECT: * ' 20 Percezit Social Security Increase
Concerning Fred Malek's np.emorandunn of August 2, there are some spec
fie political benefits which will be gained if we can get the President to
make such a public statement.
I recently had a lengthly meeting with Bob Forst, who is presently run-
ning the National League of Senior Citizens, which is a California based
organization. This is probably the strongest of all of the Senior Citizen
groups in California and its publication has a circulation in excess of
150, 000 in California alone. While this group has been very Democratica
orientated in the past, Forst is an Lidependent and is qidte blatant about
his desire to turn the group around and to support the President. Howeve
he asked for some help in exchange. One of the issues he wanted help wit
concerned Congress' failure to include the "normal pass on" provision in
authorizing the recent Social Security benefits increa.se.
If the President will make a public statement taking note of this situation
and urging the states not to ignore the very real problenns jixst because
Congress did, Forst will give the positive aspects of the President's "agi
program" front page coverage from now until the election, include specia
articles v/hich various departments v/rihe concerning their programs bene
fiting the elderly, and reserve the top billing at their October convention
for one of our Cabinet menabers rather than McGovern or Shriver. In adc
if we can get a picture of Forst with the President, he will put that on the
front page of his publication along with a favorable story.
There are smaller groups which have also inquired concerning this matte
and they would also be very supportative of such a Presidential statement
I hope that the above ^mderlines the iinportance of Fred's desire for early
attention regarding this matter.
cc: Fred Malek
Cliff Miller
Vicki Keller
EYES ONLY
9223
3U3JZCT: 20^ 2S LNCR3.\oZ
Aj you Itno':^, ia luthorizvnj the mo.^t :---scsnl Social 3ecnr:iy
beniailt-t LncT-sAi-i, CoQ,^r^a'» fAilad to include the aoriTi-*!
"p-i3 3 on" proyiaSon, Thl3 \To^«JLd h-i'/«» enjarid that th*
baneilts JT/ould la fact rsaca the «\da:rly Tuclpl^.ai. in th« form
ol aa incraaj-i in cajb fio-w a:sd -v^itbout .'jacur.rLnj the po»r»ibUiiy
of jaopardiaiii^ chiir aVij^ibiiity 'or oihsr ben^xicj.
A'j a r.-;*».\lt, iniilioai ox oldir Axjn.-i ^-\cina fac? a cri.Ji.i in
October Wnen the b-enelit va1<«! j aii^ct. ThiJ tak-sj I-tjo formu:
a) a 20^:) hicrsJL:*a La bt^aefilo Tvhlch ia siOf paj.iad aa by the .jtatcs;
w^-nd b) the iao-diaateiy Iutj* rjia^ oJ thss incrsai^ i^yij.l r.Tiija aoins
individail incom* l^vsla ^^bovs ih-j m.l.aim-ami .)■;'; vor p^r;-.Ici-
p^wioQ In jauch pro^raxna aa MadicJild, Food Stirr.pij Old Aj-^
Ajsiitanc^, etc.
It would be ysry helpful ';o our political affort if the President
v/er* to mak« .x public atac^ment V-alcin3 nota of thia ait^jation
arid ursinij; the 3Ut«3 not to ijjaora thes* vary r.aal problems j-iat
b5cau3tf Coa3ra3-4 did. Th«rs ij no xl-jcai imjwict b-»cau3i« ail of
the f'ondj ar* already in tha v.nrious budj^ta and the otacea v/oxUd
OS recilvin^ a "'S'lndiall" bensQt at the axpt;n3« of the elderly.
P. S. Ken. I really feel this deserves early attention. Also I <.in derstand
Senator Case is eager to help should we go the legislative route.
Cliff Miller
Bud Evans
Vicl.i [\.]U
9224
Exhibit 42
: :.:.ccL. -. Lcvoli, Jr.
-•; -f^tlcTis en t^;e ifct ^rriy to i;v>-^:i^nt the ?r^::ttuir;i;»a orccr to
iu;;-cclixtc; :-:^r.pow«jr Ad-tli-dGti-iitcr for
Att^^chnent ^
ce: injvrav'i^ansro/roaris/Crucil/PUs
L:>V;i>:ri£:iO'.-/:uCrucil: i<:isr 12/8/21.
9225
It is in line with, tha President's directive^ "only a nsw national
attitude tcrvard aging can reopen the doors of opportunity vmich have
too often been closing on older ;r>en and vonsnj"- that the Division of
V?or': E>rperience has undertaiien the task of developing avenues for
Ijro-.ridins j'juproved ser^/ices to older citizens. The needs of 20 niillion
older ^.'orkers, especially the impoverished, are varied' and far-rajiging.
Hov.'ever, the projprarus designed to bring able-bodied older persons back
into the mainstrean of American life th-rough enploynent, have proved to
be particularly successful for the participants as vrell as the corammi-
ties in which they work.
It has been demonstrated in programs such els Green Th\anb and Senior Aides
that a large number of older workers possess adequate skills and hi,^
' sensitivity to the needs of other disadvantaged persons, as well as an
eagerness to again become productive working citizens. Concoamitant with
the growing needs of the social ser'/ice industry is an increasing nimber
of older citizens. The manpower shortages in human services behooves
employers to acknowledge the contributions which individuals terainated
fron ecrplojnaent because of age can provide. For this reason, we believe
the alternatives outlined below to expand the program froa ,$13 aillion
to $26 million as ordered by the President, merit consideration.-
S. National Council of Senior Citizens
. a. Present Situation
/
The National Council of Senior Citizens, Inc. contract was funded
originally in 19-6'3. Since then the program has been rei\inded and
expanded to the current level of llkQ enrollees. The contract in
the amount $3,it46,912 (Federal funds) will terminate May 21, 1972.
While the average unit cost for Operation Mainstrean is ^3800,
NCSC has held the unit cost at an average of $3000 through strin-
gent management. The total program has consistently maintained
the llW slot level. Job placement has been approximately ITfj.
Participants have been employed in agencies that provide community
services; as administrative, research, program, library, education
and vocation aides. VThile there continues to be a nuaber of
■ clerical and building maintenance aides, a concerted effort is
being made to upgrade aUL Job opportunities.
b. Evaluation
The Kirschner Report states "Senior Aides in many casos demonstrated
vuiique and superior qualities, particxilarly in ser^ring other elder Ij'
people and dealing with crisis situations... An outgrowth. , .heighter
community awareness of the nature and magnitude of the probla-ns of
the elderly poorly. ..In response. . ..some host agencies have changed
9226
cp3rp,7;inp; policies cinci practicss to L-Jiite sci-vxce^ more a'^cc^sicJ.o
to their elderly clients." (page 17, Phase II)
c. Recommendation
Tlie present contract covers 20 cities, including Washington, D. C
If additional monies becone a\'-a\lable, it vrould be possible to
increase the cnrolicent level of seme currently participating
cities and at the same tine, e;rtend the progrcja to a number of
the 90 areas that have ejrrressed a desire to participate.
The contractor plans to intensify an attack on age and housing
discrimination through the efforts of project directors in
cooperation vrith the enroloynient security offices. In addition,
there are plans to e>:pand research on job development, the training
prograsi, and the use of Day Care Centers where older people work
directly -vith youth. It is recomraended that $3.^ million additiom
funds be made available to accoaplish this. Alloiri ng for son^
necessary added administrative costs, (research, technical aissis-
taince, monitoring, etc.) approximately 1125 more older persons
cdilld be served. The expansion to nev.' areas will include South,
Southwest and Northwest areas for em. equitable distribution, of
Senior Aide funds throughout the country. '
II» Green Thianb-Green Light
a. Present Situation "*"
Ths Green Thumb and Green Light programs operate under the spon-
sorships of Green Thumb Inc. , which is a subsidiaj;^- of the National
Farmers Union. Green Thumb operates in 17 States and. U of these
States have Green Light components. In addition to providing
extra income for program participants. Green Thumb performs a
community service by providing Jobs of beautifi cation, safety
£Lnd convenience. The compajiion program Green Light, which is
basically geared to the needs of older, retired low income women,
provides many special outreach services that bridge the gap
beljween existing services. The total Federal allocation for the
t\jo programs is $6,960,l6o, with a slot allocation of 2929
enrollees. The unit cost for the total contract is $26^40.
b. Evaluation
The resounding success of the tt;o programs has generated a back-
log of requests for expansion into areas not presently being
served. An evaluation of the program by Kirschner Associates
Inc. resulted in a CAA director ccmmenting that: "Green Thumb
is one of the most popular by far of the anti-poverty programs.
It has helped the CAA get across its other programs ajid increase
its services to the elderly."
9227
To a.llc-ria.te a portion of the need it is reconcjsnded that the
contract be increased by $3 , 5 million' ->.'hich vrill allow
approximately 1300 additional slots at a total unit cost of $2640
per slot. Oppoi'tunities may then be e:iqpar.ded to States in the
V^estern region a^d to other States vhere requests are currently
on file for serT.'-ices
m. I'Tational Retired Teachers Association
a. Present Situation
The National Retired Teachers Association is presentlj^ funded
for 355 slots at an annual Federal cost of $921,2^5 or $2595
per slot. Since the inception of the program, irRTA has con-
sistently eriphasized job development and permanent, unsubsidized
placement. In its evaluation of Operation ^Iainstreaa, Kirschner
Associates, Inc. classifies IIRTA's efforts at generating peirianent
enrployment opportunities as "partially successi\il." Accordins to
KRTA's figures 242 enrollees were placed in pemanent Jobs during
the first 2 (t-.^ro) years of operation. During that period of tine
879 enrollees participated. Therefore, close to 28^ of the ^
enrollees served, have been placed. ^,
b. Evaluation
MTA*s performance in the administration of its Senior Cosounity
Service Project has been strong. Kirschner notes a "rather iini-
form sense of purpose that pervades the ISTA program. There is
no conflict over the goals... a sense of loyalty to the program
and its ex-press purposes is evident from the National Ox"fice
dawn to the local enrollee staff members." (page 217, Phase II)
The impact of the program on the enrollee has been less, in some
instances, than in other Senior Aide programs. However, up until
the present contract, enrollees in ERTA projects have been limited
to 40 weeks enrollment. Considering that the personal, benefits
of the program tend to increase -vrith the amoimt of time enrolled,
enrollees' perceptions of program benefits should Increase now
that there is no maximum enrollment period.
Kirschner also notes, as a final positive factor of ISTA, the
quality of staff. "Program Directors are prox"essionals, irLth
not only impressive educational credentials but appropriate
experience... In a program focusing on people and personal relatior
ships, the ic^portance of personal inputs cannot be overemohasized. '
(page 218, Phase II)
32-818 O - 74 -pt.19
9228
c. Fee omr'.^naati on
Therefore, \re are recocmanding this project for future expansion
of s.bout $ .5 nillion. KRTA has, in the past, mentioned inforaaJlj
to their project officer that they iraiild like to e>:pand oy ncnrLng
into nev; areas. r!ev; I^Iexico has been specifically mentioned on
several occasions, Nav/ I-:exico irould he a good candidate as there
are presently no cities in that State which have Senior Aides
projects under a national contract. . •
IV. National Council on the Agini;
a. Present Situation
The ITationaJ. Coxmcil on the Aging, Inc. administers a 572-slot
Senior Coasunitj'' Service project at an annual Federal cost of
$1^572, 608, or $271+9 per slot. KCQA's strength has been in
ii4provins and expanding existing community services by designing
job categories specifically for older people, and in implementing
new services that axe responsive to comcranity needs.
From June, 1968 to February, 1970, of the 172 enroUees terminated,
U2.U'^ irere placed in permanent jobs. From February, 1970 to
FebjTuary, 1971, l^'f* of the terminees were placed in jobs, " Precise
comparisions, on the basis of number placed as a percent of nunoer
enrolled, are not possible at this because NCQ.A. has no final job <
placement figures past February, 1971. But using older people '
enrolled from June, I968 to July 31, 1971 (IO50) o-nd placement- 1
figures from June, I908 to Febr\aary, 1971 (281), the rough
percent placement is 27^.
b. Evaluation
The ICirschner Report has found that the "impact of the progran on
the enrollees is striking," and that liCQA has "eiTectively demon-
strated both the capabilities of older workers ar^ has e^qolored
models of community service, which older workers can perform, "
(page l8i+, PhaseU)
Considering the overall strength of KCOA, it is recommended, that
a current proposal, from KCGA, to expand the concept of Senior
Com2aurj.ty Service be funded at $1.1 million. KCQA proposes to
build upon its successful operation of the Senior Communi-oy Sei-vice
project and apply the concept to older ethnic groups. ..blacks,
chicanes and Indians. Therefore, we would be e:cpanding employinent
opportunities to a group previousl^^ largely ignored, and ■v^e would
be providing needed services to older etxmic grotips who find it
particularly difficxilt to avail themselves of e:cLsting services.
9229
V. . Riir5.1 ge Urban Co-rrjnit7 Dsvelopsent Ssrvlces
The Rural & Urban CorcEunity Developsisnt Services, Inc. submitted a
proposal for 15 States, to serve appro:cLnately I38O enrollees, at
a Federal cost of $3,917,^00 or total cost of $i4-, 687,400. This
would make the unit cost em average of $35 396 psr enroUee.
Because of the duplicative and coarpatitive characteristics of the
proposal submtted by the Rural and Urban Coamunity Development
Services, Inc., we feel that the only Justification for funding a
project that very nearly approximates the Green Thuob project in
scope, content, and cocmonality of sponsor interest would be to liaiit
it to the Southern States. This would mean eliminating Arizona, Idaho
and Rhode Island which would be administrative anomalies in smy case.
It should be pointed out that it apparently was the sponsor's plan
not tq include these States originally-.
The Rural & Urban Community Development Services proposal would
dixp3j.cate Green Thumb in two States - Arkansas and Texas - but we
don't see her..; this could be avoided. Green Ihxanb does not operate
in any of the other States proposed by RUCDS. Its only Southern
operations are in Kentucky, Oklahoma and Virg^-nia.
By restricting the RUCDS project to the Southern States it td.ll not
only furnish Justification for going with a competitive organization
but also extend the geographical distribution of rural older worker '
projects into areas not presently covered." This action would also
leave Green Thumb free to expand in other areas with stay monies that
ere remaining.
By eliminating the above named States the number of enrollees \rould
be reduced to 1120 and the Federal cost reduced to approximately an
even $3 million. Unit costs would also be reduced proportionately
and brou^t more in line with the other programs.
VI. Office of Economic Opportunity /Department of Labor
R^hSLtiilitation of Housir^
This will be a new Joint program combining the resources of the
Office of Economic Opport'arJ.ty, the Department of Labor and the
Home O'.-^ners Loan Corporation. The purpose of the program will be
to provide new or rehabilitated housing for the rural poor. At the
present time. Operation i-ainstream is engaged in very limited
operations in rehabilitation of housing and the establishment of a
Joint program would substantially e:cpand this effort.
9230
Tne pro.^rajTi dcsi-n as currently envicioncd plans t\:o or three project
(depending upon availability of i\indo) avera-::in5 150 -..-crl^ers per
project, i;or!u.n2 in riiral areas in three States. This •■.•/oiLLd total
U50 •'./orkers, vhich, at tiie LLainstreani Regionally arirJ.nistered, pro-
Cro.ni avera:;o of $3,800 per slot, would cost .t'l.? mill.ion in Federal
fiir.ds. Projects could be added in additional States at an estir.:ated
cost of about v5C0,000 per State in I'.'ainstrean funds plus between
$200,000 and $300,000 per State in GEO administr8.tive and support
funds. This is an essential project as rehabilitation can only
meet a saali portion of the needs for low income liousing in ruj:al
Ajnerica. An estimated 350 Mainstreaia workers v;iil gain ezcperience
in construction trades during their enroHtaent. It is anticipated
that the National sponsor will be the P.ural Housing Alliance. OEO
also desires to get into the construction of ne\r housing for low
incoae faailies which may require a change in regulatioas since this
activity is currently prohibited.
VII. ITational Forssts
The Departnent of Labor is atteiiroting to arrange for a cooperative
procrara with the National Forest Sei-vice so that approxLoatelj'- 35
Operation Mainstream enroUees per forest will be assigned to work,
in approximately I50 national Forests. This progroai has been
successful in the George Washington National Forest and other areas:,
as a means of providing emp3.oyn:ent and income to residents of
isolated areas near ITational Forests. Er-rperience in a limited area
has shown that some enrollses become qualified to accent civil service
positions with the Forest Service. EnroHees construct buildings,
bxiild trail and develop recreation areas. The proposed progrsini tmdsr
tlie joint agreement vrould expand the present program to many parts
of the co'ontr:,'. It i;ould be operated under a set of guidelines
prepared jointly '.iith the Forest Service. The cost would be a.bout
■>■;- $^30,000 par 100 enrollees in Federal f\inds. The sponsor of this
national contract would be a non-profit orgaixizatioa with ties to
some aspect of forest management and use.
9231
'.2<GrO>t. D.C 202 IC
February 25, 1972
MANPOWER AOMii^il.^TRATOn
FEB2 3 i972
M3-DRANDUI4 FOR PAUL J. EASSER
"The following distribution anoig sponsors is to be vaade of the
$13 million expansion in Operation Mainstream jobs for older
workers vdiich the President announced in his speech to the
White House -Gcaference on Aging:
National Retired Teachers Association/American
Association of Retired Persons — $3.5 million
National Council on Aging — $700,000
Najional Council of Senior Citizens — $1-8 million
National Fanners Union — $2 million
National Grange — $2 million
Local sponsors (Regional Office contracts) — $2 million
Hold — $1 million
Distribution of funds among States has been discussed wi-tti your
office. I would now like your office and CEDP to plan which
contractors will ei^iand in which States. Discussions can be
held with each of the contractors. However, I would still like
to see the oonplete plan before it is finalized. Could we have
this plan coipleted by March 7, or sooner, so that the contracts
can be completed fay mid-March.
!/r
Malcolm R; Lovell, Jr.
9232
-r^ :--.^=<
rliNi^ m
-Z :-icp«rlor;ofltl /j^srlcoiia (.^A)
/■"■li:3;-r .1;- -;■-.-,- ^j:socia-'..c : .-joipoyar A:' ;i'-:u.atrator
■^'oj-luirv ■i:".;:i v.j;ad I^iariio^; i^liiio ;T/UOo otarf fi.;d i\5pi:er;gntJ.tive3 of 5'li.
rn-z-r^. 0,- ■■■'.:'■: 'S.z'jx prior xo -.j-iotiio^-- rj:;d told bjj.i r.ot to attend but to atz;,- on
1972
C -.r; oldsr V'l-inr px'ojeot v'jjLrig f;l i.-J 1-Uor;
■3:i33 (c;0-
-on^ cl
-ji Jorrf!. Cr^. ;'.f02-nia to ■•>i?;-7liIo voi-';; ezq^ricaica to apprci^tiat-el/ 350 bldsr
3. I'ry 17; 197? - Xs>7f.d Brocicr fmt-sitteS a ?,.Dt Oxaft of -hhuir rrropoaal
zsvlc'.rc tr.3 TiroT>03,7l. .....
^^■<.%\z oi
tT-?! snj.fejitt'^d 2na draTt or proposal.
I). ; c,Y 51t 1972 - Ir_T. I'cs.i.x3 sjid Jaast Pgaco Ect I'D r«r7isw ood discv:33
tii- ?:;:^J.■:;^ ■•-1- It v.?3 r.^.cldisd that lor. Brosjr -.=oiJ.d l;a r.cl.-od -to naet \.-ith tha:^
or. JiiT'.o 0, IS''|2 to <'J.2cu::3 ili3 -prorcrji:! tuid to cXzxiSrj £.o:ic ita;;^ coit^airad
ixieroin.
6. Jic-j 6, 197''- •- -tr. LovcU. cr.JJ.od llr. Vorjia to BEcr that ho t.-ia a-^-ai-e
c-f -iha ret- Li:v^ v:5 lir-i ^chsArJ.oi!!. cii:). i!.^;cod if iiiora vsre ai-ij- procleas in.th
t-'rvi ijrC'-K)-,s.l. ;-jr. I/:)-,--oIl \r-a liuo7::.iijA tli-Mt -cijora \.'er3 no cajor problesa eih:^.
CO^CURRFK'CrS:
Correspondence Symbol
O.^rlClAL FILE COPY
:.„/.i':i2.,
9233
thai; thio •.•as a routina E&atir^j -to allov t};3 prospective contractor to
clarify iu^nsa, pro-rida sora b-aoVii?; naterial, and oubnit a final drai't oi"
tho propoGal. Mr. Pooris also noationed t;-ia.t the propoaad contructor had
naver Iiad a psvgriEicivi: contract boioxa and that \.'3 voiild iiava to Icol: lato
IDA'S CdrcBili'ty to rua a project.
7. Juio 6, 1972 - Srsxi Iio.irdon called laji Pearia t.-ith oaaically ths
aaaa qxiestion and coiics^i that J'x. Lovell hCii oxprassoi. Vasn ths issue of
cr-paDilliy \.'a3 asntloaad, .V.rad rroLr^rgsted trmt va handlo svorytiilng oIsq In
liia proposal but leava cxy cusstiona of sponsor capability to 'n.i""i.
8. Jvrw 6, 1572 - len ?o?j.-io rclayod ths sjossasaa froa Mr. Lovell and
Brad EoonJjsn to r^. I racoEuecdod that baoause of tl:e csnsitlTro iiature of
the lisgoiiationa szid tlis hiffi iGTal intsrest in tha project, tha proposed
Kootiag ba cnnoelleu by laa and handled at a ijiater level, possibly lovt:ll'a
ofii'ffe. laa called lirody ei»d caacolled the nseting acUsdulod for 1j30 p,xu
9. Jvai3 6, 1972 - Brad rs^rdoa cfsUod Ian and aalced vijy the lijoticg
vas cancalltid. Ian relayed ny coiicams to hia.
10. Jujw C, 1972 - 3rad Eoardon called ;.i3, end after aoao di.scussion,
va e-sreed to re-schedulc ths iroccitas fo^: 3i00 p. a., Juna 7.
11.' Jvi;a 7. I972 - A riaetlii:^ •■•■s.3 iwld in' Ian Psari'c' Oifico. Attendixs
^:o^e Br.-vid J^rody, i_L\: Xcii I'oacls ::nd Jr^.st Peruse, DV.2; .till Grady, Oil? and
in^'celf . Taa propoBol \,r.a ravif.-id pa^s by ys^ and tha grom) cads oe-reral
3X;co:i;::snd-itio:i3 to i'a-. i'rodjr to etrenijthsr. ths proposal. I5r. iirody r,grood
to tha rscoaiiendatioas and indicated -that he vouLd rcrisa ths proposal end
cub^iit it to 113 by C03 Juna 9*
12. Jvno C, 1572 - Ered Hcardcn called Icn to soe if ths Eeetlng h£d
hroa hold. Ian indicated tJiat it h^sd ond. 'that a not« would be tr^iiaLittad
to jir. JxjTOll adviciiis Ixis of ii. i.3 vac also told that -i.-e -.rould lorv/ard a
J5starn:in:7.tica3 and Finding Statocent to hin for cca^plotion. Erad then, stated
tliat j-ou or cossona else ahould co^lata tha utateiient rather than him.
13. Jl'jss 10, 1972 (Satujrday) - Mr. Bxody Gubaitted tbo ravisad prnposal
to Janat Pease.
r '
Tnls la to naks you ."Wv-ara of tlie ovsnta eurroivGdins this effort. Ofoourse,
\ro idJ-l coatiau© to 6:^adit9 pirjcessing of tha proposal for funding beson*
O'una 30.
FHEB E, ECSPjO
Acting Dlrcojor, Office of HA:OEDP:HDnr:IPearis/cow 6/13/72
'Jiraliia?: csid Enploynsnt Opportunitloa Room 809 LF, Ext. 2803
cc : Rome ro , Pearis , Pease , File 3
9234
i>.^ ^/e?o^— (^^^^y-cx.^^ Xly^^B^-^^ ^^'^'U
'■ . : Exhibit 45
V?M ^Q -x a Q^^Om^*^
A, /XC-c-- ^5^-^ — iO, ^.*u„^^ _____ __ _ _
/-_^y_^__ .___./. -^ -p.
T> C^fr^-^. __ _ _
^^-i-l^^'^!::li:..i^=^^^^ '^c---<'_^--- .„. ,
^^So^lJ'^-^^^^ ^^^. ^^j^t^^l^ /
/ -■§"'^'''^,^'-it!../?^?'-A4?r_5^^ '• '
9235
COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESipENT
CONFIDENTIAL t/
MEMORANDUM
..cfL^L^^ Ar-7^eptember 11, 19 72^^ "^
I have reviewed Bud's /eport and hav\q[2,t;yd^&?nrr'.ents: i' r
1. It only focuses on the positive aspects of the program and
overlooks the potential liabilities (siphoning off competitive fundS
fronn legitimate established organizations with which we have made
great progress over the last 18 inonths; possible tracing of the
operation to The White House, which in light of the Watergate and
ITT affairs can't help our image much; questionable legal status of
the grants themselves whichever! Bud admits to; difficult public
posture if we are forced to defend the FEA and the questionable
backgrounds and relationships of the people involved; outright
cancelling of existing grants and contracts which can and will only
be interpreted as politically motivated, etc. ).
In view of the lead we enjoy and the current neutral or positive
positions of the national organizations, I remain to be convinced that
the potential gains outweigh the almost certain risk's.
2. As regards the "public awareness campaign" I have this morning
spoken with Richardson's office and they are extremely concerned
about the legality of a $750, 000. 00 sole source contract.
It is highly unusual and the expenditure is not justified by
the proposal. I doubt HEW will approve of this irrespective of any
pressures which might be brought to bear (Bud said if no approval
was forthcoming within 24 hours, Colson would call ELR personally).
At this stage, I can only see three realistic courses for us to pursue:
One, we can sit back and wait for the anticipated confrontation with
Richardson and let HEW ask the hard questions. If this doesn't occur,
let it drop.
9236
Fred Malek - 2. September 11, 1972
Two, we can obtain the files at DOL relative to the grant and do
some further checking on our own initiative into the background of
the principals and the basic set up with the idea in mind of a) ensuring
all is above board and the risks are worth it or b) getting hard data
to substantiate our fears and request the program be squashed.
Three, recommend that the realities of the political risks outweigh
any possible gains at this point and request that all activities be
suspended until after the election.
Of course, you can always agree that Bud is indeed "right on" --a
position with which I cannot concur.
My personal recomrnendation (which is concurred in by Arthur and
Mr. Van) is that all activity by FEA cease. I do not see this happen-
ing without more substantial information than is presently available
if Colson is to be convinced. This can only come from three sources,
the Press if and when someone blows the whistle; an objection by
HEV/ to the grant proposal for the awareness campaign; an internal
investigation of our own.
As I told you earlier, I have done all I can and will await further
instructions. I'm not sure how much longer I can keep Arthur from
contacting Hodgson directly.
9237
COMNilTTE.i. fOR THE Rl-.-ELECTIOr J OrTUr; PREGIO'IN 1" ^^■'-''^ r
coNi''i:Di::rr.riAL,
MEMO](AMDUM rOR FREID MALEK' ^ .. ^^^p ci^.,;? «,
FROM: DAN TODD /r::^^n_.„ ''^ '^*^"^' (r"e/i) - «V^.^
SUBJECT: F. E. A. \^ ^ % ^^ ^
1 ha\-c reviewed Bud's report and have two cominents: ^^,^ 4o ««5'>s'''^^ f^S-^ {-v»>C
1. It only focuses on the positive aspects of the progi-ain and -^.^ , I
erlooks the potoiitial liabilities (siphoning off competitive funds
from legitimate eatablished orf^anizaUons with whichwo have made-
groat progress over the last 18 months; possible tracing of the ^f'l,^"** ^^'
operation to The Y/hitc House, v/hich in liglit of the Watergate anTl' ^j? "^^1 v.. .—
ITT affair;: can't help our image much; questionable legal status ol.. , '^' '' * \''
the gr<':nls (-.hemselves whichever. Bud admits to; difficult public « "ii ^**f,''t
posture if we are forced to defend the FEA and the questionaljle , .. •-
cancelljjig of existing grants ajid contracts which can imd wilt only
be interpreted as politically motivated, etc. ). • C r •• i.«^ ^'^
In view of the lead we enjoy and the current neutral or positive^^-j^}; r*( '*'
positiovis cf the national organi:<ations, I ronain to be convinced (hat" l.T^'^'c
the potential gains outweigh the aliriost certain risks. ISctv-ti »
2. As regards the "puljlic av.'arene.s s campaign" I have this morning
spoken with Richardson's office and they are extremely concerned
about the legality of a $7 50, 000. 00 sole source contract.
It is highly unu.sual and the expenditure is not justified by
the proposal. I doubt. HEW will approve of this irrespective of any
prossuvcr. which might be brought to bear (Bud said if no approval
was forthcoming v.'ithin 24 hours, Colson would call ELR personally).
At this stage, I can only see three realislic courses foi- us to purine:
One, v.'e can sit back and. wait for the anticipated confrontation v^'ith
Richardson an.u let KEVV ask the hard qvK-s:tIons. If this cioesn't oc-cur,
lei it drop.
9238
Frc-(! Malok - 2. Seplombcr U, 1972
Two, \vc can obtain the files af DOL relative to the f;rant and do
some furtiicr chocking on our own initiative into the bacVigrouiid of
the principals and the basic set up with the idea in mind of a) ensuring
all in s i>ove board and the risks are worth it or b) getting hard data
to subctontiate our fears and request the program be squashed.
Three, rccoinrnend tliat the realities of the political risks oxitweigh
any possible gains at this point and request that all activities be
suspended until after the election.
Of course, you can always agree that Bud is indeed "right on" -- a
position with which I cannot concur.
My personal reconimendation (v.'hich is concurred in by Arthur and
Mr. Van) is that all activity by FEA cease. I do not see this happen-
ing without more substantial information than is presently available
if Colsoxi is to be convinced. This can only come froin three 'sources,
the Press if and when someone blov/s the whistle; an objection by
HEW to the grant propos'^1 for the awareness camp?-ign; an internal
investif;ation of our own.
As 1 told you earlier, I have doiie all I can and will await further
instructions. I'm not sure liov/ iriuch longer I can keep Arthur from
contacting Hodgson directly.
9239
Exhibit 4i
re^T>.
X^^ ^^-oe^t^
tLu^ LU-^UZ-^^jcJCl ^,^3^^-,..«fl_*_ ;Loi>i<_ ~X<-U*-, _~T1~:-,
.J^^^"":
9240
ZZ^
9241
\,'^'
MEMORANDUM FOR FRED MALEK
PROM: DAN TODD
SUBJECT: FEDERATION OF EXPERIENCED AMERICANS
This "not for profit educational orgi nization" continues lo be a
matter of concern to me:
1 . I anticipate an extremely unfavorable public reaction from
existing aging organizations when its existence is publicized and
they realize it has cost them money.
2. Personnel involved and the whole nianner in which it was set
up raises serious ethical questions.
Thus far, the backgrovmd investigation has been conducted by niy
office. I would like yoti to review the attached materials to see
whether or not someone expert in these niatters should take over and
get to the bottom of this.
At the very least, I want to register my strong disapproval of this
effort and do not wish lo be associated with it in any way.
Attachment
9242
Exhibit 48
April 25, 197^
SUI.IMARY 0? irrPORi-IATIOM DEVELOPED
IN COlTSSE of GTAr^J? irrv'ECTXGATIOrJ FPiOi!
APRIL 6, 197'+, TO APRIL 19, 197iJ-, INDICATING
POSSIBLE VIOL;^TIONS OF CRIMINAL LAWS
AND HATCH ACT 3Y
VETERANS ADMINISTRATION EI'IPLOYEES
IN CONNECTION WITH
1972 PRESIDEI^TIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN
In the course nf intervievjing witnesses to testify under
oath at he?,rings of the Subconmittee on Health and Hospitals,
Senator Alan Cranston, Chairman, of the Cornnittee on Veterans
Affairs, on the administration of the Department of Medicine
and Surgery of the Veterans Administration (VA), the following
information cams to ciie attention of Jonathan R. Steinberg,
Committee Counsel to Senator Cranston, from the following
three persons:
1. Dr. Marc J. Musser, no\i Director of Medical Relations
of Smithkline Corporation, 300 National Press Building, l4th
and F Streets, N.W., Washington, D. C, 2000^1- (phone 733-2725);
residence, 4538 39th Street North, Arlington, Va. (phone 538-4765),
served as Chief Medical Director of the Veterans Administration,
to which position he was appointed by Donald E. Johnson, then
Administrator of Veterans Affairs, a Presidential appointee,
from January 5, 1970, to April 15, 197^, when he retired.
From 1947 to 1957, Dr. Musser served as a consultant to
the VA while on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin
Medical School. In 1957, he became a full-tine VA employee as
Chief of Staff at the Houston VA Hospital. In 1959, he was
appointed Director of the Research Service in the Department of
;:2dicine and Surgery in Central Office. In 13:2, he was
promoted to Assistant Civ.ef Medical director for Rescai'ch and
Education, and in 19:54 to iVeputy Chief Medical Director, in
which capacity ho served until October, 19'^6, wb.o'. he resigned
to br^comc Proresior of Medicine at Dike Medical School and
L'irsctor of ive^iional Medical Pro/rrans :'c.- "io'th C-; 'olina .
9243
-2-
Dr. Musser was represented in this matter by Daniel A.
Rezneck, Esq., of Arnold and Porter, 1229 19th Street, N.W.,
WashinfeLon, D. C, 20036 (phone 872-6776) and offered the ^
information voluntarily. Dr. Musser through Mr. Rezneck
voluntarily brought this ifnroraation to the attention of the
Special Prosecutor, through Mr. Thomas McBride, Associate
Special Prosecutor, Department of Justice, during the week of
April 15, 1974, and offered to cooperate fully.
Dr. Musser would voluntarily have attested to the following
information under oath:
A. In late 1971, he was visited by G.C. "Gus" Wallace,
Special Assistant to the Administrator, in Dr. Musser 's office
in the Veterans Administration Central Headquarters Building.
Dr. Musser was informed that a political dinner paying tribute
to President Nixon was being held in Washington and that there
would be a drawing for tickets to the dinner which cost $1,000
a plate. Mr. Wallace suggested that Dr. Musser buy a chance
for $100. Dr. Musser wrote a check for $100 dated December 11,
1971, which he gave to Mr. Wallace in the VA Building. His
cancelled check shows it was payable to "cash" and identified
as "For Committee to Reelect the President". He was subsequently
informed, in same manner, that he had won one of the tickets to the
dinner in a drawing. He did not attend the dinner although he
later learned from Mr. Olney Owen (see item 3 below) that the
Administrator, Mr. Owen, and a William Parker, now deceased, then
Director of the VA Contract Compliance Service, had attended.
B. Early in 1972 (on or about January 2), the
Administrator called a staff meeting, attended by Mr. Johnson's
Executive Assistant-; Warren MacDonald; I«Ir. G.C. Wallace, then his
Special Assistant; Mr. Fred Rhodes, then Deputy Administrator;
Mjt. Rufus Wilson, then Associate Deputy Administrator; Mr. Olney
Ov.'en, then Chief Benefits Director; and 'Dr. Musser, in the
Administrator's conference room. Mr. Johnson noted that 1972 was
an election year and indicoted that tli3 p-iroose of the meeting
v.'as to establish the ground rules necessary to assure the
reelection of the- ^"esident. He stated that vjhile the VA had
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 42
9244
-3-
until then operated as an essentially non-partisan agency, those
at the meeting now must be concerned with partisan considerations.
The Administrator indicated he would be away from the office
a good deal campaigning for the President's reelection. He said
that: the key executives in the Agency would be expected to lend
their full support to the reelection efforts and from time to
time they could expect to be involved in activities pertaining
to the campaign; key officials also would be held, responsible
for the conduct of their subordinates as it pertained to the
canqpaign; relationships with the Congress, particularly those
relating to the Vetersins Affairs Committees would be specially
monitored (the General Counsel was charged -with this responsibility);
all matters pertaining to the Agency's budget (requests for
information, interpretations, responses to criticism, etc.) would
be handled by the Controller; and all public statements of
employees would, be screened. Dr. Musser concluded' from the meeting
that any donduct deemed to be unsupportive of the Republican Party
xould result in disciplinary action.
Iliis meeting and its contents were without precedent in
Dr. Musser's Central Office experience spanning four administrations,
2 Democratic and 2 Republican, including President Nixon's. Die
Administrator as a Presidential appointee," had always been accepted
as being politically responsible, "nhe Department of Medicine arid
Surgery, traditionally, had always been considered as non-partisan,
and never before, to Dr. Musser's knowledge, had the Chief Medical
been charged with partisan considerations.
, 2. Dr. Benjamin B. Wells, now Vice President of the National
Pharmaceutical Council, IO3O 15th Street, N.W., Suite 468,
Washington, D. C.. (phone 659-2121); residence, 1213 Forestwood,
McLean, Va 22101 (phone 356-2826), served as Deputy Chief Medical
Director of the Veterans Administration, to which position he
was appointed by Donald E. Johnson, a Presidential appointee,
from August 23, 1970, to January 23, 197^, when he retired.
Dr. Wel-ls entered VA service in 1957 as Chief of Staff at
the Nev; Orleans VA Hospital. In 1953, he was appointed Director
of the' Education Service of the Department of Medicine and Surgery.
9245
-4-
In 1959 he was promoted to become Assistant Chief Medical
Director for Research and Ec]'';rticn. He resigned that pobiticn
in 1961 to become Dean of the California College of Medicine.
He returned to the VA in I962 as Director of the VA Hospital at
Cleveland, and in 1964 returned to Central Office as the Assistant
Chief Medical Director for Research and Education. In I967, he
accepted appointment as Professor of Medicine at the Alabama
Medical School and Director of Regional Medical Programs for
Alabama. On January 5, 1970, he returned to the VA as Associate
Deputy Chief Medical Director In Central Office, from which
position he was promoted to Deputy Chief Medical Director.
Dr. Wells voluntarily would have attested to the following
under oath:
Immediately following the meeting referred to by Dr. Musser
tinder item l.B. above. Dr. Musser spoke with him about the
.meeting, characterizing it as highly inappropriate and describing
it to hlffl in the terms set forth above.
3. Mr. Olney Owen, of IOO3 Danton Lane, Alexandria, Va.
(phone 360-4978), served as Chief Benefits Director of the
Veterans Administration, to which position he was appointed by
Donald S. Johnson, then Administrator of Veterans Affairs, a
Presidential appointee, from February 1970 until March 1973 when
he retired.
x^Mr. Owen began his career with the Veterans
Administration in 1945 and served continuously with that agency
until his retirement, except for twenty-one months with the ■
United States Air Force in I95I-I952 during the Korean Conflict.
He also served with the Army Air Corps during World War II, and
presently holds the rank of Colonel in the U.S. Air Force Reserve.
His total government service includes 26 years with the Veterans
Administration and six years of military service
He is a member of the bar of the Commonwealth of Kentucky
and the United States Supreme Court.
Mr. Owen was represented in this matter by Thomas A.
Jvermelly, Esq., of Kennelly, Blum, and Wall, Federal Bar
Building West, I819 H Street, N.W. Washington, D. C. (phone 293-2139),'
9246
and offered the information voluntar:' 1y . i-Lr. Owen throj^,'''
Mr. Kennelly voluntarily brought this inforriiation to the attention
of the Special Prosecutor,, throufeh Mr. Thomas McBride, Associate
Special Prosecutor, Department of Justice, during the wee.', of
April 15, 197'!, and offered to cooperate fully.
Mr. Owen voluntarily v'ould have attested to the following /
Information under oath:
A. In early lloven.ber 1971, Mr. Owen was approached in the VA
Headquarters Building by Mr. Glenn C. V.'allace, then Special
Assistant to the Administrator. Mr. Wallace stated that he
(Wallace used the term "we") had a number of tickets to sell to
the "Salute to the President" dinner which was to be held in the
near future in Washington^ D. G. Mr. Owen does not recall if Mr.
Wallace mentioned the exact number of tickets, but each dinner
ticket cost either $500 or $1,000; Mr. Owen does not recall the
exact amount. Mr. Wallace said that rather than ask employees
to buy individual tickets, he was asking certain employees to
contribute $100 each, and that a drawing for the dinner tickets
would be held among those who contributed. Mr. Wallace asked
Mr. Owen to contribute $100, and Owen consented. This conversation
took place either in Mr. Wallace's office or Mr. Owen's office,
he does not r.ecall which.
Either that day or shortly thereafter, Mr. Owen delivered
his personal check to Mr. Wallace in the VA Building. Mr. Owen's
cancelled check shows that it was payable to "Salute to the
President", in the amount of $100 and was dated November 3, 1971-
Mr, Owen does not know how many other persons, if any, were
solicited, nor how much money in all was contributed, nor how
many dinner tickets were purchased. However, some time later,
exact date unrecalled, he was advised that he vjas a "winner" of
one of the tickets, and Mr. William Ward, of the Administrator's
staff, telephoned to congratulate him on vjinning.
He attended the "Salute to the President" dinner alone.
It was held at the Statler-Hilton Hotel. He does not recall the
exact date. He was seated at a table with Mr. Donald E. Johnson,
the Administrator, and with Mr. Wi.'i^an w, Parker, who is now aeceast
9247
but who at that -time was the VA Director of the Contract
Conpliance'Servlce . Mr. Owen does not recall seing any other
persons v.'hom he knew to be VA employees at the dinner. To the
best of his recollection, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Parker, and Mr. Owen
did not discuss either at the dinner or any other time any of the
events leading up to their attendance at the dinner, other than
a casual reriiark by Mr. Parke i, • Mr. Owen that "l see you're
also one of the lucky winnei ■■ , or words to that effect.
To the best of Mr. Ovjen ' -^ iuiowledge this is the only time
during his government career that he was solicited for a political
contribution in connection with his government emplosraient.
B. Mr. Owen recalls attending a meeting in early 1972
called by the Administrator in the Administrator's conference room
at VA Headquarters attended by those listed under item l.B. of
Dr. Musser's account above. Mr. Owen does not recall the specif it"
words used and cannot either confirm or deny the accuracy of
Dr. Musser's account. He does recall that the Administrator made
reference to the fact that 1972 was a Presidential election year
and that the Administrator would probably be very busy in conne<:tion
with political speeches and would probably hire an advance man. i
Mr. Owen characterized the meeting as having political overtones
and indicated that after the meeting he had thought it was
unustial.
Vbnathan R. Steinberg \ ~/Tr
Counsel (y
Special Subcommittee on
Human Resources
Committee on Labor and
Public Welfare
5331 Dirksen Senate Office Bldg.
(Mail address: 4230 Dirksen
Senate Office Bldg.)
9248
Exhibit 49
VETERAIJS COl-lMITTEE TO RE-ELECT THE PRESIDENT
PAGE
I Background
Introduction
Veterans Groupings
Veterans Organizations
Demographics
State Groupings
Sunnaary
II Ob j ective-Act ion-Organization
Objective
Action
Field Organization
Administration Initiatives and
Activities
Committee to Re-elect the President
Activities
Organization
III Communications
President and First Family
Administration Official Appearances
and Activities
Veterans Committee to Re-elect the
President
Demographics
State Grouping Maps
Veterans Information System
Budget
Organization Charts
Time Lines
Volunteers Organization
Presidential and First Family Appearances
Issues
22
23
27
27
29
32
Tab
A
Tab
B
Tab
c
Tab
D
Tab
E
Tab
F
Tab
G
Tab
H
Tab
I
9249
C an ipaign '72 -- Veterans for the Re -Elect! o n of the President
Campaign Plans For Veterans' Leaders
PART I - Background
Introduction - -
The 29 million American veterans comprise 14% of the total
U. S. population and 20% of our voting age citizenry, V/hen their family
inennbers are included, the veterans' sphere of influence can be seen
as one of the country's largest groups of voters having identifiable
special interests.
This audience, however, is not a naonollthic voting bloc. Just
as our Arn^ed Forces were inade up of men and women drawn from a
cross-section of the American public, those who returned as veteran-
citizens have taken their places in all of the Nation's many walks of life.
Nevertheless, many of these voters continue to identify as "veterans"
because the very fact of their service in uniform, especially during a
period of national crisis, was for the majority the most significant
experience of their lives. Also, niilitary service in time of war tends
to heighten one's political awareness and to have a lasting and often
crucial effect on one's political tliinking.
yeterans Groupings - -
For political purposes, three distinct groupings of veterans can
be identified. While there is some overlapping, due to dual service,
these oTcv.ps are:
9250
-- the pre -World War 11 veteran;
-- the V/orld War II and Korean veteran;
-- the Vietnam Era veteran.
Because of their respective age difference (and related influences),
each of these groups tends to have a different perspective on their life
situation, and -- therefore --on their political interests. Among the
three groups, the pre-AVorld War II veterans and the Vietnam Era
veterans have the most clearly definable special interests insofar as
their identity as veterans is concerned. The interests of World War II
and Korean veterans fall inore nearly within those of the general
population. Even within this group, though, -- and particularly among
those affiliated with a formal "veterans organization" -- there exists
a nu!:aber of special-interest issues hawng einotional bases.
The individual differences among these three groups of veterans
are discussed in greater detail in Section A of Tab I, with particular
reference to tjieir non-veteran concerns. Within each group, though,
there remains certain veteran-related issues which are both programmatic
and einotional in nature. These issues are presented in some detail under
Section B of Tab I. In brief, the progra:Ti areas and the nature of these
issues are as follows;
9251
Education -- Administration proposes (1) cost of living increases in
educational assistance allowc.nccs payable to veterans, (2) and advance
payment of the allowance to meet initial costs, but (3) opposes return
to paying tuition and other costs direct to schools. Emotional counter-
argument for direct tuition payment based on claim that veterans of
World War II v^ere treated better. That system, however, was discarded
by Congress duo to v/idespread abuse.
Medical -- Administration's 1973 budget for medical care i s up to
$2. 5 billion, more than one billion over 1969. Tlais amount is deemed
adequate to provide quality medical care throughout VA health care system
for all eligible veterans. Opposition continues to raise clainas (withoxit
amiple justification) about poor quality or inadeqiiate VA care.
Disability con^pensation -- Administration supports cost of living increase
in rates of compens?-tion for service-connected veterans. Congressional
action pending but rates may be increased over administration recommendation;
also, consideration being given to automatic-cost-of -living concept for this
program, against administration position.
National cemeteries and burial benefits -- Administration svipports transfer
of national ceiTietery system to VA but opposes niaterial expansion without
adequate study. Administration takes no position on proposal to grant
"plot allowance" of $150 in additional to current $2 50 burial allowance.
Employment -- Administration sujjports comprehensive program of job-
finding aid to veterans. This includes initiative of boosting on-job-training
rates by 48%.
- 3 -
9252
R.ecorn.pntation of military retired pay -- Shciuld there be return to pre-
1958 formula of increasing railitary retired pay v/henever active duty pay
is increased? Administration proposes one-time recoraputation based on
1971 pay rates for tliose on rolls and age 60 with 20 years service or age
S5 and 25 year? ser\T.ce; those under 55 to await appropriate atta,ined age.
Other - Administration supports equal troatnaent for women under VA laws;
and increased assistance to States for Soldiers' Korne construction. Ad-
ministration opposes State grants by VA to rssist in establishing nev/ medical
schools on VA hospital grounds. Counter argument is that VA has helped
oth^r inedical schools get started and can readily diiplicate this experience
at several locations.
Veterans' Organizations - -
Veterans are among the most effectively organized specis.l interest
groups in America. There is a multiplicity of associations of former
servicemen but the so-called "Big Five" virtually reach into every communit
of the United States. In most rural and small-town communities, their
local \inits are the center of social activity and a focal point of community
invol venae nt.
These five major veterans' organizations and their current member-
ship i S.-
American Legion 2. 8 million
Veterans of Foreign Wars 1. 7 million
Disabled American Veterans 360, 000
Veterans of V/'orld War I 175, 000
AMVETS (V/W II, Korea, Vietnam) 125,000
9253
Although these organized groups are non-partisan in their
activities, many of their members are ready to take an active role in
supporting the President and working for his re-election. Their member-
ship provides a strong base from which effective volunteer groups can be
developed for stimulation of participation politics within their respective
communities.
9254
Demographics --
The complete distribution of America's 29 million veterans
by state -- and by service period -- is shown under Tab A, together
with additional demographic information.
The distribution of the veteran population among the states
approximates the distribution of both the total U. S. population and
the total adult male population. However, veterans represent a
slightly greater proportion of the population in the industrialized
states and in Florida (the principal retirement state), and they
represent a slightly lesser proportion in the rural or non-industrialized
states.
The average age of all veterans currently is 44. 6 but this is
not a meaningful statistic for purposes of veteran voter bloc activities.
Attention must be centered on the three groupings of veterans, in which
average age varies significantly: in the youngest group, the Vietnam
Era veteran averages 26. 2 years; in the middle group, the World War
II veteran averages 52. 1 years, while the Korean veteran averages 40. 4
years; and, in the older group -- predominantly World War I veterans --
the average age is 77. 1 years.
Because the great majority of all veterans are in the middle
group it is obvious that most veterans are older than the average age
of the total U. S. population.
52.
4
65.
1
83.
6
80.
1
46.
2
9255
However, veterans represent a majority of all adult males in the
work-force age range of 35 to 60, as shown in the following table:
Veterans' percentage
Age Group of male population:
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
Also, the younger veteran now makes up a significant part of the male
population age 20 to 30: 26. 5% of age group 20-24; 37. 1% of age group
25-29.
The total num^ber of U, S. veterans will contintie to climb
steadily for the next several years, although the trend is slowing.
Within a decade there is expected to be a balance between deaths of
older veterans and the input of new veterans. In fiscal 1970, 1, 012, 000
serviceraen returned to civilian life, while there were 297, 000 deaths
among the veteran population; for fiscal 1971 the increment of new
veterans dropped to 975, 000, while off-setting deaths rose to 318,000.
When we compare the distribution of all veterans with the
strength of organized veterans we see a different and an inconsistent
pattern. The veterans organizations have strong membership in some,
but not all industrialized states, and — on a percentage basis -- have
markedly strong membership in some, but not all rural states. Organized
veteran strength is most apparent in the band of states running from
6 -
9256
New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, in the East, through the
North Central and Great Plains states, and ending in the Rocky
Moimtain states. Organized veteran strength is especially apparent
in the Mid-West or "Farm Belt" states, where the percentage of
membership to the full potential is consistently twice and more the
national norm (e. g. , one organization has a national average of about
12% of its potential, with a low of 6% in Utah, and a high of 53% in
North Dakota). It .is in these states where the veterans organizations
enjoy their highest level of activity and influence, frequently forming
the core of community service and social interest.
Among this campaign's priority states there are ten that are
well- suited for a strong veteran voter bloc organization because in
each the total nurnber of veterans is high and the strength of organized
veterans is substantial (in absolute numbers, and usually in percentage
of the whole).
9257
The following table provides key veteran data for these states
Percentage
Minimum No.
Veteran
of all voters
of organized
State
Popiilation
(000)
in state
veterans**
California
3, 109
21.3
122
New York
2,601
20.2
217
Pennsylvania
1, 836
22.1
260
Illinois
1,62Z
21,0
189
Ohio
1, 593
21.7
126
Texas
1,415
18.2
74
Michigan
1,216
20.2
73
New Jersey
1.096
21.4
78
Missouri
666
20.3
62
Wisconsin
613
20.3
76
**(This column reflects current membership strength of the largest
organization, and therefore represents the minimum number of
organized veterans in each state. Because of dual inemberships
the maxirrmm figure is unknown but is perhaps 50% higher than the
data shown here).
These ten states alone account for over 57 percent of all U. S.
veterans, with over 11% in one of these states -- California. The other
four priority states contain a total of 1. 8 million veterans.
Among all veterans, however, the m.ost visible veteran-oriented
issues will be focused on the Vietnam veteran. Many in this age group
will -- in this election --be voting for the first time, and the group
now makes up 3. 3% of the total national voting -age population. In seven
of the priority states, the percentage is above this national average:
9258
in
selec
ted
priority states
Wisconsin
3.9%
Michigan
3.6%
Oregon
3.8%
Washington
3.6%
Ohio
3.7%
California
3.5%
Pennsylvania
3.6%
In tho seven priority states above, the average is well above
the norm and the average does not fall below 3.0% in any priority
state.
In the remaining priority states the percentage remains at
about the norm, and not less than 3.0% in any of these states.
The Vietnam veteran group now totals 5.5 million and is
increasing at a current rate of 70,000 per month (with some months
running over 80,000).
Although the organized veteran groups were slow in starting
effective membership efforts towards this group, the situation is
showing marked improvement with the largest organized veteran
group now having an estimated 475,000 Viet Nam members. Many of
these younger veterans are now assuming leadership roles at the
community and state level in organized groups and have good
potential as participants in the campaign at these levels.
9259
State Grovipings --
In 1/iew of the foregoing demographic data and other pertinent
factors, the Veterans committee will need to establish groupings of
states in order to project varying levels of planned veteran organization
and activity within states, to determine the extent of field supervision
and assistance required, and to determine the desirable level of
communications activity. For this purpose, the following criteria
sho\ild be applied.
a. The states' total veteran population.
b. The states' total Viet Nam veteran population.
c. The strength of organized veterans groups within
the state and the level of their activities .
d. States in which polls indicate a close swing vote and
to which an effective veterans carapaign can be directed.
e. States which are considered pro-Nixon in which limited
national level activity is likely to occur but have the
potential for a strong veterans effort on the state level.
This includes areas in which organized veteran activities
are an important element in rural conrmnunity service and
social events.
f. States which have important electoral vote considerations.
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 43
9260
These criteria isuggest the following alignment of the 50
states:
Group I States
New Jersey Wisconsin
New York Illinois
Pennsylvania Missouri
Ohio Texas
Michigan California
Group I States are "key states" where polling and electoral
considerations indicate a strong overall campaign effort should be
made. Each of these states also contains the necessary elements
to establish an effective veterans field organization and to target a
major veterans interest campaign.
These states have large Viet Nam and general veteran populations
and each has broad based, active, organized veteran groups which can
serve as the primary source for establishing an extensive volunteer
field organization.
The national campaign field staff will direct its primary efforts
into organizing these states and providing extensive ongoing field
super\dsion and assistance. Planning and training meetings will be
held for state and district chairman in these states during the early
phases of the campaign. Communications plans for these states will
include extensive use of administration and national advisory group
members to focus attention on veteran issues.
9261
Group II States
V/ashington Maryland
Ore^;on Connecticut
Group II States are "'key states" where polling indicates
extensive overall campaign activity should be maintained. While
veteran population is significant in these states the level of organized
veteran j:nembersbJ.p and activity is not as strong as the Group I States,
Additional Organizational work will be required by the national field
staff to develop effective field organizations in these states. Field
supervision and assistance for these states will be more extensive
during the campaign to support veterans activities. More emphasis
will be placed in these states on obtaining non-organized veteran
participation in the campaign organization by the national staff than
v/ill be required in the Grotip I States.
Group III States
Indiana Colorado Montana
Iowa Nebraska Wyoming
Oklahoraa South Dakota Minnesota
Kansas North Dakota
Group III States are the remaining so called "Farm belt" states
in which organized veteran membership and acti\'ity is very high. In
these states organized veteran groups are frequently the core of
community ser-/ice and activity. These states have significant total
veteran populations as a percent of the total voting population.
9262
The potential for effective veteran campaign activity in tliese
states is excellent. The national staff will place its einphasis on
obtaining and training strong state and district chairman in tliese areas
during the early phases of the campaign. Because of the limited field
staff successful execution of the veterans campaign plan in these states
will be placed as the responsibility of the veterans state chairman with
a limited monitoring and assistance program to be provided by the
Washington office. "
Group IV States
)up
Remaining states as shown on Group IV map in Tab
Group IV States generally have lower overall total veteran
populations and organized veteran membership and actiAdty. They
are not as subject to an effective targeted Veterans campaign as the
states assigned to the other groupings. These states will have state
veteran organizations established but will be provided direct field
assistance only to the extent that time will permit daring the early
phases of the cam.paign. A limited monitoring and assistance program
will be provided by the Washington office with responsibility for veteran
activities primarily being placed with the state vtiteran chairman. The
national staff will be prepared to upgrade its assistance in these areas
should changing overall priorities require increased einphasis in any
of these states.
- 13
9263
Si\rnmary --
In suiTLrnary, the American Veteran has all the essential
elements to become an effective force in this campaijrn. He has the
established network of organized groups, and a common area of
identifiable interests to which special efforts can be directed. PJe
also has an outstanding record of active interest and participation
in past campaigns. In tliis campaign, he finds himself confronted on
the one hand by a group of Democratic contenders v/hose records
offer little to support in either the area of Veterans Affairs or of
National Defense. On the other hand, the veteran has found President
Nixon strong on these areas of special concern.
;i4
9264
PART II - OBJECTIVE
The objective of the "Veterans Voting Bloc" is to persuade the
organized and the unaffiliated veteran that the President and the Admin-
istration have best represented their special interests in veterans affairs,
and that it is in their best interests to vote to re-elect the President.
This objective will be accomplished by utilizing organized veteran
membership to develop an effective campaign organization, and it will be
incumbent upon this basic core group to broaden their membership base to
include extensive campaign participation among the unaffiliated veterans.
To accomplish this objective, the national campaign organization must
develop three basic areas of activity:
a. The establishment of a broad-based national volunteer organiza-
tion of organized and unaffiliated veterans to engage actively in participatory
politics including a wide range of activities such as identification,
registration and delivering voters to the polls, x^rord of mouth persuasion,
and fully utilizing communication sources in local communities to focus
attention on issues of special concern to veterans.
b. The development of Administration initiatives and activities to
focus attention on issues of special veteran concern and to initiate positive
action on the part of major governmental agencies and their key officials
dealing with issues of special concern in veterans affairs.
c. The development of an effective campaign organization, and
communications activities at the national, state, and local level by
the Veterans Committee to Re-elect the President. This will include
communications activities described in Part III, co-ordination of admin-
istration initiatives and actions, and the development and supervision of
veteran volunteer organization activities in each state.
- 15 -
9265
To a large degree, the effectiveness of the last two elements will
be dependent on the successful development and execution of the plan for
organized veteran volunteers in the field. The last two elements cannot
be wholly successful without an effective field group to re-enforce positive
Initiatives in local communities and to build voter support for the President.
The development and effective coordination of the field organization will be
the primary responsibility of the Washington based campaign organization.
ACTION
The ''Veterans Voter Bloc" activities for the campaign are centered
on the three essential elements outlined in the Objective. To accomplish
the veterans objectives, each of these elements has specific required action
which will be the responsibility of the Veterans Committee to plan, initiate
and coordinate to assure an effective campaign operation. The assigned
responsibilities and actions required for each element are as follows:
A. Field Organization. The field organization will be composed
of the following major units:
a. National -Chairman - Serves as spokesman for the Committee,
speaking assignments at major .events, representative for the Committee at
national-level activities.
b. National Co-Chairman - Composed of past national commanders
and prominent national veteran figures to be selected from the membership
of the National Advisory Committee. These men v/ill serve as advisors to
the Committee, speakers at major veterans events, positive reactors to
Administration veteran initiatives and as representatives of the Committee
at selected regional veteran activities.
c. National Advisory Committee - Composed of representatives
oi. national veteran prominence from the major organized veterans groups.
_ 16 -
9266
These men will serve as advisors to the National and State Coiiunittees in their
areas, as speakers at major regional veterans events, as positiv reactors
to Administration veteran initiatives and wil3 serve as representatives of
the Committee at selected regional veteran activities.
d. State Veterans Chairman - The State Veterans Chairman will
be selected by the State campaign chairman with the cooperation and assist-
ance of the National Committee from prominent veterans leade.o v;ao have an
established record of support and work on behalf of the President. The
State Veterans Chairman will coordinate veteran^, acrivities in his State
v/ith the State campaign chairman. The State Veterans Chdrr-i^a v/il 1 br-
responsible for the organization of veteran volunteers in their State,
direction of their activities, and serve as spokesman for the Veterans
Committee in their State. They v;ill work under the direction of the State
campaign chairm.an and develop their activities in coordination with the
over-all State campaign plan. The State Veterans Chairman will receive
veterans program guidance, field supervision and assistance from the
National headquarters staff.
e. State Veterans Advisory Committee - Members of this com-
inittee will be selected from prominent veteran leaders within a State by
the State Veterans Chairman and approved by the State campaign chairman.
This committee will serve as advisors to the State Veterans Chairman,
speakers for club activities, and as representatives and spokesmen at
major State veterans activities.
f. Congressional District Chairman - These chairmen will be
selected by the State Veterans Chairman subject to the approval of the
State campaign chairman. Tliey will be responsible for forr._:--)g a miaxmum
17
9267
ol three to five volunteer units located in the principal conmunities
within the Congressional District. They will select unit chairmen and
work with these men to organize their units and will direct the activities
of the volunteer units v;ithin their District under the supervision and
direction of the State Veterans Chairman.
g. Veterans to Re-elect the President clubs (units) - In each
Congressional District a iriinimum of three to five of these units will be
foirmed to provide the basic source for veteran volunteers working in the
campaign. These units will be primarily formed from among organized
veteran members and will work to expand their memberships to include non-
organized veteran volxmteers within their communities. These units will
have as a primary responsibility the identification of non-organized
veterans within their communities. Once identified, these units will
work to include non-organized veterans in their volunteer activities and
will initiate programs centered on veterans issues to persuade non-organized
veterans to support the President. The volunteer units V7ill serve as news
nakers themselves through monthly meetings featuring veteran leaders or
Administration speakers. The units will provide volunteers for special
veteran activities and assist in Statewide campaign activities. They
will identify, register and deliver voters to the polls, serve as
positive reactors at the local level to Administration Initiatives,
provide issue impact reactions to the Committee and serve as word of
mouth persuaders to generate veteran support for the President within
their coTrrmunities. (Detailed club organization under Tab G) .
Each unit of the field organization will be provided with a detailed
workbook and organization assistance. State Chairmen and selected key
9268
District Chairmen in priority states will receive field training and
assistance from the national organization while they are establishing
their field organizations. The National Coinmittee will provide follow-up
field supervision and assistance for the State Veterans Chairmen through-
out the cainpaign and will work with State campaign chairmen to coordinate
veterans activities within the State campaign plan.
Time lines for the field organization anticipate naming all Group I
and II State Veterans Chairmen by May 15, with District Chairmen to be
named in the priority states by June 1. District Chairmen in priority
states will be responsible for the formation, organization and activation
of Veterans Clubs within their District which are to be activated by July 1.
The selection of State Chairmen in the Group III states is to be
completed by June 1st with District Directors in these states to be
selected by June 15. The District Directors in the Group III states will
be responsible for the organization and activation of Veterans Clubs
within their District by August 1.
The selection of State Chairmen in tlie Group IV states is to be com-
pleted by June 15 with District Directors in these states to be selected
by July 1. District Directors in the Group IV states will be expected to
establish Veterans Clubs in their District which are to be operational by
August 15. Each of these proposed dates will also serve as a checkpoint
for the National organization and will provide sufficient time for action
to correct weak points. National fieldmen will be assigned to assist
State Veterans Chairmen and District Chairmen in priority states in the
formation of their volunteer organizations to ensure their timely activation.
The National organization, as part of its communication plan, will
provide a speakers bureau for the field of national Administration and
veteran figures, and coordinate their activities Xi?ith state veteran speakers
- 19 -
9269
for participation in major veteran activities and unit meetings in the
states.
The Committee will provide comifiunications support and assistance for
State Veterans Chairmen, including providing news and issue material,
speech material, public relations information, and will assist these
chairmen in developing their media contacts and use of media sovirces
within their states.
B. Administration Initiatives and Activities. Administration
activities are broken into three areas of operation:
a. Veterans Administration. The VA is the point of contact
for all civilian veterans who utilize any government veteran benefits
and has received favorable responses from Vietnam-era veterans
for their programs to assist returning veterans in recent years. Because
of these factors the VA will be the primary agency used in the
governmental effort to v/in the support of veterans. The VA Administrator
and designated officials within his agency will be responsible for
executing the VA communications activities presented in the Communications
Plan. The VA will develop program activities in the medical and
education areas and coordinate with labor and the Presidential advisory
group on emplojinent activities to focus attention on governmental
initiatives to aid the veteran. The VA will review major construction
announcements, grants, opening of new facilities, and legislative
actions and coordinate communication plans for these items with the
Committee. The VA \<rLll recommend program initiatives and action on
special veterans issues and plan these activities x^jith the Committee,
20
9270
b. Other Governmental Units. Units within DOD, Labor and
SBA can serve effective roles in special veteran interest areas.
These units will develop and coordinate x^ith the Coramittee
communication activities presented in the Communications Plan.
DOD should develop plans for increased counselling service on
veterans benefits and focus attention on expanded activity in
medical service areas for returning veterans. Labor and the
Presidential advisory group on veterans employment with the
cooperation of the. VA should examine additional initiatives which
can be undertaken by their agencies and developed with the private
sector to increase the level of activity and results for the
veterans employment programs. The Conmittee will monitor other
departmental government activities with the Domestic Council
staff to coordinate and focus media attention on those activities
of any governmental units which have special veteran interest and
concern.
c. President and First Family Participation. These
appearances, with the exception of one major proposed Presidential
address, should center on younger veteran concerns and needs. The
primary veteran issues are medical care and educational and
em.ployment opportunities for the Vietnam-era veteran. Activities
oriented to this age group will also have strong appeal to older
veterans who, surveys have shown, share a strong concern over the
9271
treatment and problems of the returning Vietnam veteran. Many
older veterans closely relate this concern to their ovm families
and in many instances the World War II and Korean veteran has
sons or daughters who have seen military service or will be of
service age in the near future. Detailed recommendations for
Presidential and First Family appearances are provided in the
Communications Plan and under Tab H. In sumjnary, these
activities center on the issues of medical care, educational
opportunities (both collegiate and vocational or on-the-job
type activity) and employment programs.
C. Committee to Re-elect the President Activity. The
activity of this committee is centered on focusing attention at
the national level on Administration initiatives and activities
on behalf of the veteran and his special areas of concern. It
will be the responsibility of this group to develop and implement
the veterans campaign plan and to provide coordination of veterans
activities in each state with the State Campaign Chairman. The
Committee will be primarily responsible for the development of
the volunteer organization in each state and to provide super-
vision and assistance for the State Veterans Chairmen in
organizing, activating and carrying out effective campaign
activities with the volunteer units. The Committee will be
responsible for the implementation and supervision of the communications
9272
activities presented in the Convmunications Section. It will work with
and coordinate the activities of Administration officials and governmental
agencies in areas of special veteran interest. The committee will work
with its planning and policy group to generate positive government initiatives
and action on major veteran issues, and to generate positive veteran reaction
in support of the Administration.
The National committee will provide a veterans information system
to monitor and evaluate the activities of the veterans campaign organization
and to assist the committee in determining where corrective action or
additional campaign assistance will be required. Details of the information
system are provided under Tab C.
Each of these action elements will be provided detailed vrork plans
and their activities will be coordinated through the National campaign staff.
The support for and development of recommended activities of government
officials will be provided by the campaign staff. Time lines are provided
under separate Tab.
orga:n1ization.
The veterans organization will be composed of two groups at the
Washington level charged with the responsibility of carrying out the action
requirements of the campaign plan. Activities in the field on the State
level will be exclusively undertaken by volunteers under the supervision of
the National field staff and direction of the State campaign chairman.
The Washington groups vjill be a planning and policy group composed
of the National Director, White House and Veterans Administration advisors,
and the second group x/ill be the National Committee staff responsible for
carrying out the campaign plan for veterans.
- 23 -
9273
The first group will have as members:
ICatiioR.al Votarans Director - Is responsible for the over-all
direction of the Veterans Committee. Director will prepare campaign plan,
work v/ith State Chairman to select field organization leaders in each State,
develop copmunications plans, recoiTmend policy and issue initiatives, co-
ordinate At'ninistration and Cornnittee activities for the campaign, provide
progran guidance and assistance for the State Veterans Committees, work with
State Chairmen to coordinate veterans campaign v/ork with over-all State
campaign plans, and supervise the National staff.
He will advise members of this group of committee proo;'-ess, plans,
policy and program initiatives, and v;ork with them to develop plans and
activities in their areas of responsibility. Members of this group will
advise the Director on veteran matters in their areas of responsibility
and provide support services for corr.iunications activities,
Don Johnson, Veterans Administrator - The Administrator v/ill
serve as primary advisor to the Veterans Committee and as the principal
Administration spokesman on veterans affairs. He will advise the Committee
staff on policy, issue, and program matters. The Administrator will determine
and direct Administration initiatives on veterans issues and advise the Coa~
mittee staff on 'coordinating their activities in support of these actions.
9274
Eill R:K-rican, ::;iite 'Ivuse staff - V.'ill serve-, as primary PR and
con:;-iur.ic:-.;io;.-; advjsor Lo Lac Ccr wittce i").tr(Jctor . He vill ricvelop v.-ir.h the
Director cor— .unlc^::.ior.3 ilr.as for the- Veterans Cof?.:.iittei cr.d v/ork with tlie
staff in e:;€cuting these rl'p.s. V:? v;ill coordir.?.te VJhite Ilouse participation,
including Presidential and First Family appearances, in the veterans campaign.
John Evans, DoT.estic Council staff - VJill serve as primary Vfnite
House advisor to the Director on veteran policy and issue natters. He will
coordinate i.'ith the Director and VA Administrator Wiite House initiatives
on veterans affairs issues.
He will advise the Director and Bill Rhatican on planned cc-^un-
ications activities related to these actions.
The second group v.'ill have as members:
Frank Naylor, Veterans Director - Is responsible for the over-all
direction of the Veterans Committee and staff. Primary duties listed under
first group. In addition", Director will plan field staff activities
and priorities, execute campaign committee communications plan, conduct
field meetings and training, monitor performance of State campaigns and staff,
and initiate corrective actions when required. He will ir^intain an over-all
evaluation of veterans campaign progress and adjust plans as conditions
dictate during the campaign.
Staff Assistant/Fieldnan - Responsible for the planning and
conduct of Committee field operations under the supervision of the Director.
- 25
9275
He v;ill assist the Director in the. selection cf State Chairmen, training State
and District Chairmen, and planning of State activities during the early
phase of the campaign. He will assist State Veterans Chairmen in establish-
ing their field organizations and work with State campaign chairmen in co-
ordinating veteran activities v/ith the over-all State campaign. He will have
primary responsibility for providing ongoing field supervision and assistance
in priority States during the campaign. He will coordinate National and
State cor.miunication plans, help develop State media contacts and provide
advance work assistance for major veterans appearances.
Fieldmen (2, one for 5 months, one for 3 months) - These fieldmen
will be responsible for field work under the supervision of the staff
assistant and Director. They will conduct field meetings, training, and
oixgoing supervision and assistance for State Veterans Chairmen as assigned.
During the early phase of the campaign the second fieldman will assist the
State Veterans Chairmen in Group II and III States in establishing their
field organizations and will provide ongoing assistance in these States to the
e:-:ti-nt that priority State field requirements will permit. They will
establish Vietnam veterans units commencing in August at priority educational
centers and provide supervision for their activities. They Xvdll provide
advance work services for major veteran events and to the extent field
requirements permit assist the Director and staff assistant in providing
field orientation and training for Group IV States Veterans Chairmen.
32-818 O - 74 - pt.l9 - 44
9276
PART III
Communi cations :
The veterans communications plan will consist of tliroa primary
areas of activity. These are:
a. Presidential and First Family Appearances
b. Administration officials appearances and activities
c. Veterans for the Re-election of the President activities
Implementation and co-ordination of this plan is the responsibility
of the committee director working with Don Johnson, VA Administrator
and Bill Rhatican, Wliito House Staff,
Communications planning is primarily directed at Viet Nam
era veteran activities. It is in this area that the strongest veteran
issues exist and the opportunity for highly visible positive inipact
activities is good. These areas also v/ill have favorable impact on older
veteran segments who are concerned about treatment of the returning
veteran and his problems,
A. President and First Family
Detailed proposals for presidential and first family appearances
is provided under Tab H In summary the proposed acti\T.ties
are:
Presidential:
An appearance in May or early June at a VA drug meeting or
medical facility to make a major policy statement on the future
-27 -
9277
of the VA medical system and the progress of the drug program.
At least three appearances in late svimmer and early fall at VA
medical facilities outside the Washington, D. C. to focus
attention on Rehabilitation, Medical care (quality and quantity),
and Aged Veteran programs.
Tv/o appearances at youth oriented organized Veteran programs
(American Legion Boys and Girls Nation) to emphasize youth
participation in government and first voting for 18 year olds.
This will also provide means to commend organized veteran
groups on their Americanism and youth training prograins.
One nnajor address at the national convention of an organized
veteran group (American Legion).
Audience for the new national comLmanders of the four major
organizations, (this is traditional and should be done in the
early fall)
When appropriate (depending on activity in South Vietnam) a
personal letter fromi the President is to be sent to every post
comirnander in the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars,
Disabled American Veterans and AMVETS expressing
appreciation for support.
9278
First Family:
A late spring appearance at the dedication of a major VA
medical facility.
At least three appearances in the July - August - September
period at major Job Marts to emphasize the President and
the Administration's concern for programs to obtain
emplojTnent for returning Vietnam veterans.
One drop-by in mid-October at a VA medical facility
conducting rehabilitation work for returning veterans.
5. Administration Official Appearances and Activities.
The Vice President
The Vic§ President should speak at major veterans
organization forums that the President is unable to
attend. Particularly he should appear a major organization
national conventions (VFW, DAV) in August.
Veterans Administration
Don Johnson, Administrator of the VA.
A Harris survey commissioned by the VA indicates that the
VA within the last 2 or 3 years, has improved its image among
returning Vietnam-era veterans. It is, therefore. Important that
the VA should be the primary agency in the governmental effort to win
the support of the veterans. Don Johnson will do a special road-show
9279
operation in major media centers in key states and those
with a high percentage of Veterans. Each stop will include
(1) a major address to a veterans organization; (Z) visit to
a VA hospital; (3) inspection of a VA affiliated school; (4)
TV talk show; (5) press conference; (6) private meeting with
local VFVV" /American Legion, etc. commanders.
Scheduling is planned -^^or appearances at state conventions
of VFW and Am.erican Legion in all 14 priority states and at
the convention of collegiate veterans (Viet Nam veterans).
Appearances will be also scheduled for the m.ajor organized
veterans na.tional conventions.
Due to conflicting dates for some events senior VA officials
will make appearances for the administration.
Fred Rhodes Warren MacDonald
Dick Roudebush John Corcoran
Rufus Wilson
In addition these surrogate speakers will be scheduled for
major veteran events in smaller urban centers and states
which have a high veteran population.
VA to continue the monthly mailing of about 70, 000 pieces to
returning Vietnam-era veterans indicating governmental
services available to them. This now includes a letter from
the President.
-30 -
9280
Develop special general interest magazine articles written
by Don Johnson or other senior VA officials to be frequently
placed in general media and organized veteran publications.
Federal Department and Agencies
DOD Secretary Laird and Secretaries of service branches
These men should be an integral part of the veterans' speakers
bureau. They should accept requests for regional and national
organized veterans activities. Emphasis should be placed on
national defense, questions and, if appropriate, Vietnam
questions at these appearances.
Special features should be placed in each department publication
"originating from the VA.
Labor Department representatives and members of the Presidential
Advisory Group on Veteran Emplojmient should be added to the
speakers bureau and make appearances at Job Marts and state/national
organized veteran conventions concerning Vietnam-era employment
programs.
John Evans of the Domestic Council staff will maintain liason
during the campaign with major governmental departments and make
substance and PR decisions concerning veterans and co-ordinate
other departmental activities with Director and Bill Rhatlcan,
White House.
Domestic Council will formulate and announce substantive programs
and actions such as recomputation which deal directly with
veterans.
- 3] -
9281
Veterans Committea for the Re-election of the President.
Establish a spealcers bureau nationally and for each state
composed of advisory committee members at each level to make
appearances at major veterans events, unit meetings, press
conferences and on TV and radio for support of administration
initiatives and for signature limited state mailings. Scheduling
co-ordination will be handled by the national committee.
Provide campaign brochures and material on special veterans
issues for distribution by veteran volunteer organizations.
Develop special veterans brochures for direct mailings to veterans
in the September-October time period. Special persuasive mailing
pieces will be developed for identified undecided veterans in
priority states and in seler-ed locations and states with a
high veteran population. Direct mailings will bs co-ordinated
with telephone bank activities carried out by veteran volunteer
units. In addition, veterans' material \-rLll be developed for
inclusion as appropriate in get-out-the-vote mailings to
identified supporters of the President in priority states.
Provide specialty articles for organized veteran group house
organs and membership newsletters.
Provide issue impact reaction forms for use of volunteers to
have input to committee on major issues during the campaign.
Recommended and select ad placement in specialized veteran
publications during the fall campaign period.
- 32 -
9282
Co-ordinate and plan cominunications activities of first two
segments of comm-unication plan.
Provide training and field assistance for state veterans
chairman in developing and carrying out state PR, press,
TV, and Radio corrununications plans and activities for
veteran events.
NATIONAL VETERA'JS COI^MITTEE
FOR THE RE-ELECTION 07 THE PRESIDENT
1730 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D.C. 20006
. L^IT CHAIRMAlM V.' iRl^OOK
PART I Purpose and Objective Page 1
PART II Organization Page 1
PART 11 Activities Page 2
PART IV Communications Page 2
Page 3
9283
Exhibit 50
e.i}^^3 vjifco^Co^,
9284
PART I - PUrvPOSE A-MP OBJECTIVE
Veterans, and members of their family, have special reasons to
re-elect the President. Therefore, as Unit Chairman, it is
your responsibility to identify and organize the veterans in
your comipunity, and then make sure they are registered and
actually vote on November 7th.
PART II - ORGANIZATION
As Unit Chairman, you are a key assist nt in the operation of
the veterans campaign effort within your state. Organizational
steps are as f ollov;s :
1. Select and appoint a secretary-treasurer.
2. Select and appoint a public relations chairman.
3. Select 10 key veterans to complete the basic organ-
ization.
4. Hold your first organizational meeting.
5. Inform the 10 key veterans that it is their
responsibility to recruit at least 10 members.
You then have a unit membership of at least
100 members.
6. Hold your first unit meeting.
7. Set regular m.eeting dates and location.
8. Report Unit officers, meeting dates and location
to district chairman.
9. Each unit is encouraged to raise funds on a limited
basis to cover unit operational costs. This can be
accomplished by selling membership cards, provided
by the national staff, for a small fee (must be less
than $10.00) or you may decide to conduct a fund
raising activity and give the caids to your members.
Income and expenditures must not exceed $1,000 for
any single unit.
9285
■2-
PART III - ACTIVITIES
Units will have three general areas of activity:
1. Hold regular monthly meetings for the balance of
the campaign. These meetings will serve as a forum
for prominent spokesmen to present the Administration's
position and efforts on behalf of veterans and will
afford the opportunity for local media coverage that
may not be othen<7ise obtainable.
2. The primary responsibility of each unit is to identify,
contact, persuade, organize, register and deli-'er to
the polls those veterans who support the President.
3. Unit members and volunteers will participate in general
campaign activities such as voter registration, get out
the vote drives, and distribution of campaign materials.
Due to reporting requirements and spending limitations for media,
no ads can be placed directly by your group. Special veterans
campaign material has been ordered and v/ill be available to units
at cost price.
In developing the unit volunteer organization, participation by
women vetera.ns and auxiliary members should be emphasized as they
can provide solicitation and personal contact in the neighborhood.
Your unit activity should be closely co-ordinated with your dis-
trict chairman, who co-ordinates V7ith the state chairman, in order
to participate in the overall campaign of the state conunittee for
the re-election of the President in your community.
PART IV - COM^-niNICATIONS
Within each veterans unit, the following communications activities
will be appropriate.
1. The public relations chairman for the unit should
9286
iTnmediately establish contact v/ith each of the
local media sources in the community.
2. Prior to each unit meeting, a press release should
be made announcing the meeting, the spokesman,
attendance, and other pertinent information. If
appropriate, the press should be invited to the
unit meeting to report on the presentation by the
featured speaker.
3. The same procedure as above should be followed for
each unit activity such as coffees, barbeques, car
caravans, registration drives, etc., which would be
of interest to the local community.
4. Each unit should designate 10-15 of its members to
be reactors to the Presidential candidates during
the campaign. They should be prepared to make an
input into radio talk sho-x's , letters to the editor
and telegrams to appropriate media.
5. Each unit will be provided v/ith reaction forms by the
national staff for the use of unit reactors. This
will permit them to have an input to the national
level on special issues from friends, fellov/ veterans
and neighbors.
The National staff, upon receipt of the scheduled meeting dates,
will work with you in scheduling speakers to appear before unit
meetings either from the advisory group v/ithin the state or from
the national speakers bureau operated by the committee. In addition
to providing prominent spokesmen to appear on behalf of the
President and the Administration, the meeting format should include
recognition of volunteers \<iho have taken an active part in activities
undertaken by the unit.
9287
VETERANS DIVISION P^^ *^^ ~^
CO>^MITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
1. Final Report
2. Cainpalgn Plan
3. Newsletter
4. National Advisory Board
5. Chairman Manual
6. District/County Manual
7. Unit Manual
8. Programs
9. Direct Mail
10. Advertising
11. Press
12. Veteran Volunteers
9288
VETEILMIS DIVISION
CO;-I>iITTEE FOR THE lOC-ELECTIGN OF THE PRESIDENT
FINAL REPORT
The veterans voter bloc planning was centered on the development
of activities to achieve two primary objectives. The two basic
objectives were: 1) To maintain a favorable Adninistration
posture on veterans affairs and to initiate action programs
which v.'ould naintain and reinforce this position throughout
the campaign. This objective was further supported by the use
of major and secondary surrogates to forcefully sustain this
posture. 2) To effectively utilize the substantial cadre
of organized veterans and their families to serve as a
source of volunteer manpower during the campaign. This
activity centered in two areas of operation: a) Supplying
general caaipaign volunteers during the last stage of the
campaig--! for canvassing, telephone centers and GOTV
activities; and b) Developing extensive activity iiiternally
within organized veterans groups and their auxiliaries on
behalf of the President.
To a.chieve these objectives, the veterans staff developed
four primary functional areas of activity designed to meet the
requirements of the campaign plan. These objectives were as
follows :
1. Leaders of the four major veterans organizations
American Legion, VFVJ, DAV and MIVETS were fully
9289
cooperative tlrr jghout the campaign. Although the
organizations are nonpartisan by charter, national
mandates on defense, ^lr.lnesty, conduct of the war in
Viet Nam, POW's and MIA's and veteran benefits
closely coincided with Administration policy. This
placed the organizations' leadership in the position
of taking positive action and positions v;hich v/ere
highly supportive of the President.
The campaign staff maintained close liaison V7lth
national leaders, providing issue papers aiid
statements concerning Presidential initiatives.
The staff cooperated closely on veterans events
and activities to position them favorably for the
Administration and to be responsive to the
organizations' requests for support from the
AdiiLinistration.
Leaders of the organizations v;ere particularly helpful
and effective in their support of the President's
May 8th announcejnents , statements concerning POW and
MIA initiatives, peace Initiatives in October, and
support for veterans benefits actions. Positive
reporting on a nonpartisan format in national publica-
tions was mainLained throughout the ca.tupalgn.
9290
-3-
The laost effective and best example of this support
\;as the Aaerican Legion's Noveniber ma^^.azine issue which
had a picture of the President in Moscow and Peking
and a nine page article entitled "Early Results of
Presidential Suntnitry. " This highly positive article
V7as developed within the organization and indicated
the high level of personal support by national veteran
leadership for the President.
Leadership cooperation at the state and national level
wade it possible to have effective lov7 profile contact
v;ith coinnunity leadership and the development of local
campaign leadership through activities at state and national
organisation conventions. Conferences were particularly
effective at the four national conventions in August
which resulted in development of extensive volunteer
sources in most states and organizational planning for
the final state of the campaign.
Contact with principal national leaders indicates that
this campaign had the most extensive and positive
cooperation by organization leaders of any recent
Presidential campaign. This was made possible by the
near unanimous open support by both Democrat and GOP
veteran leaders for the President and the McGovern
staff's inability to enlist any important veteran
leader to support their candidate.
9291
-4-
2. The campaign staff's effectiveness v;as significantly
enhanced by its close liaison with the Veterans
Administration and coordination of campaign activity
with the agency. Frequent contact and planning with
the Administrator of the VA to place spokesmen and
start action programs made possible a positive
veterans program throughout the campaign.
Particularly effective were VA Mobile Van and Telephone
Hot Line programs which demonstrated Administration
concern for readjustment of Viet Vets, regular briefings
on major issues for veteran leaders by the President,
VJhite House staff and VA leaders, and, in the closing
days of the campaign, passage of the GI bill and
publicity concerning this action for the young veterans
and the opening of three new VA medical facilities.
3. To present J. '.ministration activities in areas of
interest to veterans, an extensive surrogate operation
was developed. This group consisted of spokesmen from
the VA, Department of Defense, Labor and the White House,
national veteran advisory leaders, and on a self
schedule basis numerous state and local veteran
leaders.
The campaign staff provided speaker kits and weekly
updates of current speech material to 393 speakers
during the last two months of the campaign. Direct
32-818 O - 74 -pt.l9 -45
9292
-5-
scheduling was limited to 18 Administration and veteran
leaders cpokesmen and on an as needed basis for others
resulting in appearances by these spokesmen at 133
major veteran or veteran related events in 34 states
and 79 cities during the campaign.
In addition, third party scheduling for four surrogates
v/as provided during the final month and a half in
primarily Eastern media markets on TV and radio talk
show formats including t^^o televised debates with
Jane Fonda in Detroit and Chicago.
A bi\.'eekly newsletter was developed from outside the
Coiuiaittee and v;as targeted primarily at defense issues.
It received broad distribution and due to reprints
of articles the readership of this material vras V7ell in
excess of one-half million. Because reprints xrere
authori?.ed without request, it is probable that this
figure is substantially higher than hard information
results indicate.
Volunteer activities represented the second m:-7.jor area
of activity for the campaign staff. During the early
stages of the campaign tliis effort was targeted at the
formation of state organizations and local veteran
clubs which v7orkcd primarily on veterans activities
with later integration into general campaign activities.
9293
-6-
Thcse units were placed to draw membership from nearby
organized veteran posts and their auxiliaries to form
the basic volunteer core v/hich could be then expanded
to include non-organized veteran participation.
By inid-August more than 800 club loaders had been
generated in A6 states. Activity and size of these
units varied markedly between communities from
virtually no activity in some locales to highly organi^^ed
units which staged special veteran events, opened veteran
storefronts, and effectively raised local funds in
numerous communities. Particularly noteworthy groups
developed in northern New Jersey, eastern Missouri, suburban
Chicago, Nebraska, Kentucky, western Penns3'lvania, Indiana,
central Ohio and New Mexico .
As campaign requirements shifted to general campaign
activity, the staff emphasis was changed to establishment
of key veteran leaders whose purpose was to recruit
general volunteers. Final emphasis was placed on the
direct assignment of storefront and phone center veteran
coordinators to supply veterans and members of their
faniilies to local general campaign activities during
the last month and a half of the campaign. This last
method proved the most effective in providing needed
volunteers during the campaign. This was particularly
true 5.n the key states where field staff activities
were concentrated during September and October.
9294
-7-
The most effective results were obtained in those citiec
V7here field staff ir.embers met with local canipai£n leaders
and veteran coordinators to insure that lines of
communication v,'ere open, needs spelled out, and that
solid cortTmitments were obtained from local veterans for
participation.
This activity v^as conducted in early October in advance
of GOTV programs in approximately 50 primary cities in
the key and secondary states and produced a substantial
input of volunteers directly into GOTV activities
during the closing days of the campaign. This proved
the most effective means of recruiting volunteers and
insuring that they received immediate follow up and
assignment which is necessary to sustaj-n volunteer
interest.
Effectiveness of Operations
In evaluating the effectiveness of the various phases of
operations by the veterans staff, volunteer recruitment
efforts posed the most serious problems. During the early
phases of the campaign, several test liiailings for direct
solicitation of volunteers v;erc made on a national and
state level to evaluate this method before proceeding on any
general mailings. Prior campaign efforts indicated only
limited success using this technique and therefore test
procedures v;ere used prior to any substantial commitment of
time or funds.
9295
-8-
The returns from these mailings did not exceed 6 percent at
any point. It clearly indicated that this is not a cost
effective nor productive method of obtaining volunteers for
general campaign activities. In addition, it was difficult
to insure that volunteers recruited by direct mall \<!ere
effectively utilized or even contacted by local organizations.
Tiius, any method which produces volunteer names directly to
the national organization must have a highly effective communica-
tion link v/ith local campaign leaders to insure that volunteers
are not inadvertently lost through lack of follow up. Sucli a
communication link was never effectively developed during the
campaign and, therefoi-e, many of the volunteers were not
utilized.
Based on these early tests and field vjork, it V7as determined
that a successful volunteer rccruxtr.ent in the special interest
group ai-ea V70uld have to meet two basic criteria:
1. Volunteers must be recruited on a personal contact
basis (by telephone or in person) by local leaders
known and respected by the individuals being
contacted.
2. Volunteers must be given specific projects which
they recognize to be of value to sustain their
interest and once recruited must receive early
follow-up contact and assignment to maintain their
activity.
9296
-9-
To meet these rcquireinants the veterans group developed its
campaign plan to provide early Identlf d.cation of local key
veteran leaders viith the assistance of national and state
leaders rjid assigning them to v7ork directly v/ith local catnp'aign
directors. Follow up was provided by the veterans field staff
and state veteran volunteer leaders. This technique was used
to develop club leaders and key conznunity veteran volunteers
through the end of August.
During tlie last month and a half of the carapaign this step was
refined further by assigning veteran leaders directly to store-
front and telephone centers as coordinators to provide
volunteers from organized veteran ranks and members of their
families to participate in campaign activities. This method,
particularly in those areas v;hcre meetings vjere conducted
between general campaign officials and veteran coordinators,
proved to be the most effective in obtaining needed volunteers.
It had the advantage of insuring that local general campaign
leaders were av;are of this source of manpower, that their
needs were known to veteran coordinators and that coiinciitm.ents
were obtained from veteran leaders as to the extent of
assistance which they could and would provide. In addition,
it made it possible for the veteran coordinator soliciting
volunteer support to give the individual a specific assignment
and obtain a comraitnent as to the amount of activity an
Individual volunteer would provide. By maintaining vegxilac
9297
-10-
and frequent contact; veteran coordinators v?ere ab].e to be more
responsive in a shorter period of time to local volunteer
requirements, raany of v.'hich were not kno-.-m to the state or
national staff. It is the veterans staff recomir.endation that
this method be applied at an earlier stags in the campaigti
and that more emphasis is placed on local briefings of
community ceirapaign leaders regarding the resources available
to them and the most effective method of establishing special
group leaders to develop and recruit needed volunteers.
In the area of public relations, general campaign staffs assigned
to this area for special interest groups were not sufficient
in number to provide the continuing contact necessary' to develop
and fully utilise the PR potential which exists in any special
interest group. As a result, some activities were less
productive in this area than their potential indicated. It is
recommended in future staffing that the general campaign staff
have sufficient PR specialists to meet special group require-
ments or that as an alternative each major special interest
group have at least one staff member v/ho is qualified and
knowledgeable of PR requirements and activities needed by the
group .
Within the veterans area the most effective operation V7as the
close coordination of activities with the leaders of a major
veterans organization and coordination of activities v/ith
the Veterans Administration. The direct liaison with these
leaders provided a highly effective vehicle for third party
9298
-11-
nonpartisan support of the President throughout the campaign.
Cooperation from these leaders was the laost extensive and
active of any recent Presidential campaign and provided an
effective means for strong third party support on the key
campaign issues of the war, defense and amnesty. This
produced more positive results with the electorate than v;ould
have been possible through direct campaign activity. This
type of liaison must be established at an early date in the
campaign and must be extensively utilized if the special
interest group is to be fully effective. V/hen properly
developed, this liaison can also significantly increase special
group member interest in the candidate and enhance the
potential for substantial volunteer v/ork from group members
and their families for general campaign work during the closing
stages of the campaign.
The most effective participation by volunteers v;as achieved
when a direct communlcatioia link and coordination of volunteer
requirements i7as established between veteran leaders and
general campaign directors. Staff personnel conducting field
training in key communities v;here this method v;as successfully
established indiated a substantial upswing of volunteer
participation during the final stage of the campaign as a
result of this technique.
The use of specific assignments and frequent folloxi/ up by
volunteer coordinators using this system enhanced their
9299
-12-
ability to enlist volunteers and of more importance to sustain
their inte^-est and obtain their assistance in contacting
non-organized veteran volimteer sources.
The staffing levels for veterans was adequate to laeet
requirements for field v.'ork in key states and national program
requirements but precluded extensive follow up in secondary
and non-priority states. Liaison was maintained v/ith these
states through extensive telephone contact by volunteer staff
iceiabers. This method x<'as generally acceptable, with field
staff stops in secondary priority states to deal with problem
areas on a direct basis. It is recommended that closer liaison
and communication links should be provided between special
groups and state general campaign leaders. Also, special
group staffing and funding should be incorporated into state
plans at the outset of planning to provide more effective
coordination on the local level for recruitment and control
of large scale volunteer requirements. This will reduce
volunteer loss through lack of follow up on special group
volunteers by local general campaign staffs and insure better
use of available volunteer resources to meet the heavy needs
for workers on the local level.
The budget established for veterans met requirements for
administrative, field, and national program expenses. It is
recommended that minimal budgets be established In all states
to cover telephone and mailing expenses only by volvmteer state
special group chairmen and key personnel. This would relieve
9300
-13-
the personal financial burden for many of these leaders,
particularly those in the middle income group, and would
improve their ability to be more responsive to campaign
requirements.
9301
JAi'ffiS C. SMITH
VKTEiiAKS FIELD REPORT
Ii.!/!:iOI_S state var. slow in organizing due to busy work schedules of key
Ch.i.rr'.oii who v.'O.rc CMp.loyad hy the State r-nd Co-.mty. However, by tlie first
ot C)c ;;cjber wc had County Chairman in 70Z of the Countlos and Ward Chairmen
in 80Z of tlic V/ards in Chicago. Scn-.e V.'ard Chairmen appointed Chairmen in
all prcc-.lncts. Chairtien v.'era apiiointcd in 28 Suburbs surroLinding Chicaj,o
in Cook County .
\,'e also had Veterans for Nixon offices in Chicago, Franklin Park (For Suburbs)
Springfield, and Decatur which were manned by full-time volunteers.
Dftmands for campaign supplies x,7ern heavy for the State which would indicate
th.-;t much material \jas distributed.
One li'.ajor rally was held in Springfield on September 29th v;ith Don Johnson
a'-, the speaker.
Veterans for Nixon membership cards were sold for one dollar to raise expense
Tiioney for the State Committee and purchase of bumper stickers. This program
v.'as very successful down-state but didn't work in Cook County.
9,273 letters v:ere mailed to officers of Posts and Auxiliaries of the American
Legion, VF\V, DAV, and AIWETS . The letters included a volunteer card and
return envelope although there v;as only a 6% return, the cards provided
volunteers that were helpful in contacts for additional volunteers in the
phone centers and storefronts. I feel a contributing factor to the small
return was asking for a contribution in both the letter and return card.
The Veterans Coa;mittea received v/onderful cooperation from the Illinois
Re-alect Committee, especiaJ.ly from Bill Sim.pson, State Coordinator of
UTiurella groups.
IMOIAKA This was undoubtedly the best organized state in the Nation. Credit
gor-s to Bob Gates, State Chairman, vjho has been State Commander of the American
Lc;:;ion and very active in the Republican Party. He is an Attorney and son of a
former Governor.
Bob appointed three area Chairmen in June and had them appoint eleven District
Chairn.en by the 1st of July. He then told the District Chairmen to appoint
Cour.ty Chairmen by August 1st. All 94 Counties had a Chairman by September 1.
All appointm.cnts were approved by County Republican Chairmen. Mr. Gates ad
this done to set up a permanent Republican veterans organization that can be
activated in future stata-wida elections.
Requests for campaign supplies were heavy so I am positive the majority of the
Counties did a good job.
9302
ii2i!A. '^"is State really never got organized as v/ell as it should have. We
h;u! two State Co-Chairmeii that vjcre reaponi;lble for appointing six
Coivirf.s.sional District Chairir.an. The A::ierican Legion Co-Chairman got
\ilti thro.c District Chairmen appointed at once, but only one of those appointed
Linit Chairmen. 'ilic VFW Co-Chaiiman did not get his District Chairmen appointed
r.ntil a icw weeks bc-forc election.
i^NESOTA Tnis State was a disappointment which I am sure was the result of the
State iie-elect Conmittee failing to grasp the i7r.portance of a good Veterans
organization. The Co-Chairmen v7ore appointed late. However, one, the
Legion Representative, v/as a prestige appointraent who allowed us to use his
nr.?ie only. The VFW Representative v/as an Alderman in Minneapolis and too busy to
set up an organization.
_KA]C|<'vS State Chairipan did a good job of setting up an organization. State
AdviSjOry Coirciittoe and 5 District Chairmen vjere appointed by July Itit. It
was then the responsibility of the District Chaim!en to appoint Unit Chairmen
in the key towns within the District.
'Jhree of the five District Chairinen did a good job in organizing units- v^hile
the other two only got about half of their Unit Chairmen appointed. However,
Kansas had a hard working State Chairman and the over-all organization did
an outstanding job.
MISSOURI Being unable to get a State Chairman to cover the whole State, we
settled for three Co-Chairmen \;hich made it difficult to establish a good
ch.ain of comaiand. I am unhappy with the Kansas City Chairman as he tried to
build an organization thru tl:e iGail rather than personal contact.
Kcv;ever, the St. Louis area was one of the best as they opened a Veterans
Ilec^dquaL ters and staffed it v.'ith several full-time volunteers. Chairmen were
appointed in all communities and much material v;as distributed in the area.
I'.xccpt for Kansas City, out program v/orked good in tlie rest of the State and
\;e received full cooperation from the State Re-elect Committee.
KJ'^i'Jtf'vSKA The Lincoln and York units did an outstanding job in following our
program. ITiey form-='d units and held meetings twice a month starting in August.
National speakers appeared at the meetings and received good publicity from the
news madia. Tiic Lincoin unit sold over 300 membership cards and York sold about
100. The Liiicoln unit also opened u Veterans office and operated it vzith full-
ti.r.-^. volunteers.
'jh', O.nha area was an organizational disappointment although they did have one
big rally on October 21st.
County Chainnr-n v/orc appoliatcd in all large counties and much material was
distributed.
NOirn; DAKOTA State Chairman set up a good organization with Advisory Committee,
Dir.(:riot and County Chairmen. Tbey held several State-wide meetings and appeared
to follow our program very v;cll.
9303
MICHAEL A. BROKSON
WASHINGTON Although the Veterans group was extrcnaly slow in developing
volunteers to assist the stnte CRP, in the final three weeks, a number
of voluntears were recruited jn the Seattle area. Unfortunately, due
to a preoccupation vjith the Governorr. campaign and lack of conununication,
the offers of volunteer assistance on the phone banks was declined in
i.iost instances. Washington was a textbook example of the problcins
Inherent in appointing a CRP Director v/ho is heavily involved in a
local campaign.
OREGON After clarifying the relationship between the state CRP and the
veterans voter bloc, a substantial number of the 1,000 recruited volunteers
were effectively integrated into the state operation. In addition, they
conducted registration drives in the Veterans Administration hospitals,
providing absentee ballot assistance where appropriate, and formed car
pools in the key cities to take voters to the polls.
MONIANA Although the veterans group formed relatively late in the state,
a close cooperative relationship between the GOP, CRP and Veterans
Committee resulted in a very effective campaign program. In addition,
to providing volunteers for storefront operations, the veterans opened
and manned a storefront in Ralispell; registered and provided absentee
ballot assistance in veterans in the VA Hospitals in Helena, Billings,
and Kalispell; made phone contact with approximately 8,000 organized
veterans urging them to support the President and providing registration
cards if unregistered; formed car pools for GOl'V and ; distributed campaign
literature through Boy Scout and Girl Scout troops v/hich, in Montana,
are sponsored by the Ainericaii Legion.
COLORADO After n>7o changes in Veterans Chairman due to illness and the
Fiatch Act implications, a volunteer organization was formed in each
County with the exception of Denver proper where a strictly Vietnam
Veterans group was established. In each area, the veterans participated
in Storefront activities and, using American Legion and VFVI , Post rosters,
made pre-election reminder calls to a substantial portion of the organized
veterans in Colorado.
WYOMING Delays by the State CRP Chairman in approving a Veterans Chairman
precluded the development of a volunteer organization until late September.
As a result volunteers were recruited and participated in Storefront
activities only in Rock Springs and Sheridan.
NEW MEXICO Perhaps the best organized and most effective veteran
volunteer group in the West, the New Mexico veterans participated heavily
with the State CliP in its activities throughout the campaign. The
Veterans Cormittee effectiveness was recognized by GOP candidate
Peter Domenici who enlisted their support in his campaign. 20,000
letters supporting Domenici were sent out over the Veterans Chairman's
signature. In addition to regular campaign activities, the Veterans
held a mass rally at Bataan Memorial Park wb.ich rcc.--ived statewide
9304
coverage; conducted voter registration at American Legion and VFW
Posts.
TEXA_S Although the CIC \:os not formed in Texas until late in the-
campaign, several hundred veteran volunteers were recruited, pi5-.narlly
in tJie A-Ustin and Hounton areas. However, because most of the
volunteers uere Democrats, thej' were unwilling to solicit support
for Senator Tower - an oblig,';tory part of the phone ccnter/GOTV
operation. As a result, their efforts were focused on working '.jitiiin
the organized veterans to assure those who supported the President
voted.
K_RyAT)A Despite repeated efforts, a Nevada veterans organization was
never developed. Much of this was due to the coufJ.ict between the
"orthern and Southern portions cf the St.-ite, to the traditional apathy
toward elsctions, and to the lack of initiative on the part of the
tv70 Veterans Co-Chairmen.
C'vLIFOPJilA Despite a generally complacent attitude in the Southern
portion of the state, a change of personnel in Los Angeles and San Diego
resulted in a substantial number of veteran volunteers being fed into
Storefront and phone bank operations. Wiile some were turned away
because their involvement in the campaign hfid not been cornr.mnlcated
to county and Storefront directors, most v7Gre welcoi.!e. Tn San Francisco,
Veterans partici;5atcd in canvass and phone bank operations, and th.e
Veteran Storefront Coordinators, most of whom wore full-tiwe volunteers,
v7orked cDosely with the directors in tb.elr activities.
IDAHO V.'orking closely with State GOP and C:RP organizations, the Tdsho
Veterans Com-nittee provided volunteers in key cities and counties to
assist in campaign activities. In addition, press releases dealing v;ith
McGovern's defense position were prepared by the Veteran's Chairman,
endorsed by Veteran leaders and carried by V7ire services. A mass mailing,
also dealing with veteran related issues was prepared and distributed by
the Chairman to SOO former officers of the American Legion, VFW, and
Disabled .'jaerican Veterans. Former GO? Chairman and CRP Co-chairman
VJilliaa C?mpbol]. claimed tliis campaign was the most coordinated and
effective one since his involvement 20 years ago.
UTAH One of the first states in the West with a Veteran Volunteer
organization, Utah veterans performed well below CMpccf-ations , especially
in the urban areas. Toward the eiid of the campaign, ho'.;ever, iner.ibers
of the AT?.erican Legion Auxiliary did assist in phone operations in many
of the county headciuarters , and at the five Storefront locations, Provo,
Ogden, Salt Lake, C]carfield, and Bountiful. llie veterans main impact was
in the rur.i.l counties where literature was distributed and registration driv?
conducted tb-rough the teerican Legion Posts which often serves as a center
for social activities.
9305
jUiMM£Vi<.Y_ The involvcinant of veterans and t))o ef f ectJ venuss of Mieir
opevaticns varied considerably from state to state. A najor prulilcr.i,
iviver totally resolved, was the fai.lure of State CRV ort;anizations
to fon/ard to their county offices the names of volunteers subTnitted
to tiher.i by both the State and National Veterans Coininlttecs .
9306
Exhibit 51
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Advancing is the art of engaging in detailed and exhaustive
planning and of supervising the execution of those plans in
a way that malces every trip and appearance seem to be an
effortless success. It involves an incredible diversity of
activities: deciding where, when and how the surrogate
candidate or the President's representative will go; arranging
for the right people to be in all the right places at the right
time; organizing the efforts of local people anxious to help;
meeting with governor s, mayors, politica.l leader s, and
business leaders and telling them what to do in a way that con-
vinces them that they are doing exactly what they want to do; and
above all anticipating potential problems and having solutions
available. The Advanceman is the personal representative of the
surrogate or Presidential representative. As such, he must
remember that his actions will have a direct reflection on the
individual he represents, as well as on the President. The
Advanceman should never underestimate his responsibility in that
respect.
9307
-2-
THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE SURROGATE PROGRAM
The Surrogate Program is a vital part of the President's re-
election campaign. The President simply cannot, because of the
dictates of his office, be a full-time candidate and participate in
all the events that are desirable and visit all the political key-
areas. Consequently, an Administration team of spokesmen has
been developed to represent him. The basic philosophy of the
program --an event is developed or accepted for the appropriate
spokesman in an appropriate area. The event becomes the vehicle
to get him into the area. However, once in the area, the event
beconaes secondary to a inore important operation which is to
give the surrogate the widest exposure that can be developed. In
short, most of the personal appearance during '72 in the key
states will be through the surrogates. The Advanceman's respon-
sibility will be to insure the success of the program,
WHAT IS AN AD VANG EM AN?
He is a leader and decision maker. He never accepts anything on
assumption. He is the personal representative of an important member
of the Administration or representative of the President. Thus, the
Advanceman's authority and responsibilities are significant. He
possesses a rare combination of characteristics and abilities;
9308
3-
he is the decision maker graced with a tremendous amount of
common sense and good judgement; he is diplomatic yet forceful;
he has the ability to anticipate and think of things in their total
context; and, while the master of every detail, he must not get
bogged down in petty details; he is resourceful and has a unique
ability to organize people, things and his own time; he has answers
or knows how to get the right answers promptly; in short, he
can get the job done in a manner becoming the representative of
such an important person. Yet, the Advanceinan must accomplish
these things in an anonymous fashion, giving all the credit for a
successful visit to the local people and organizers of the event.
CONCEPTS OF ADVANCING
In light of the above parameters, what follows is a guide to success-
ful advancing. However, while the methods and concepts enunciated
are proven, no two advances are totally similar. Therefore, the Ad-
vanceman must use his common sense and judicious doses of flexi-
ble thinking in light of specific local conditions. One note of caution -
when you deviate froin proven concepts you had better make sure you
are right !
To do your job effectively, you must think in terms of the total trip
package at all times, but give meticulous attention to the detailed
9309
-4-
planning of the five major events usually associated with a visit.
Also, you should never lose sight of the political purpose of the
trip and the fact that the actual events are in nnany cases only a
vehicle for a more important purpose -- namely exposure of the
Administration's views to aid the President's re-election.
The events are:
1. The arrival and reception of the principal including his
staff, traveling press, local press, local VIP's, etc.
2. Transportation of the principal, his staff, press, local
VIP's, etc. throughout the entire visit.
3. Hotel/Motel accomodations and eating arrangements.
4. Meetings and other functions, including rallies, press
conferences, meetings with newspaper publishers and
editors, TV appearances, color drop-bys, formal
gatherings, etc.
5. The departure.
The actual planning and execution for the trip begins as soon as
you receive your instructi ons, although numerous important steps must
be taken prior to your departure.
The policy guidelines in the following chapters will assist you in
understanding your functions.
9310
-5-
CHAPTER II
GENERAL POLICY
1. You must always remember that your responsibility is to
the surrogate. At all times this responsibility supercedes
your responsibility to the local comnnittees or to anyone
else. If the wishes of the local committees and spon-
sors conflict with the needs of the surrogate, your job is
to effect a compromise satisfactory to all, if possible, but,
in any event, never one which is unacceptable from the
standpoint of the surrogate. In short, never let the surrogate
be used to promote local self interest. This emphatically
includes your own.
2. Curt Herge's office at the Committee Headquarters in Washing-
ton is your principal point of contact. His office will do
everything possible to help smooth out differences. If you
reach an impasse refer the problem to him immediately.
All schedule input and information will be coordinated and
controlled by Curt Herge and the Spokesmen's Resources
Campaign Desk.
3. Never make schedule changes \\athout coinmunicating them
to Herge, when practical, or to the surrogate or his staff
representative. There should never be surprises.
9311
-6.
4. Do not grant interviews or issue any press releases or
announcements. Publicity stories must be released through the
Committee Headquarters.
CHAPTER m
THE SCHEDULE
In order to appreciate your function as an Advanceman, it is neces-
sary to understand the schedule. This document guides the surrogate
and his party from the time he departs for the event until they return.
It has to be accurate and detailed. The schedule must be so thorough
that the surrogate and his party could go through the event in its en-
tirety without the Advanceman. In other words, the schedule is the
document that allows the trip to stand and proceed by itself. (See
examples. )
The Advanceman plays an important part in preparing the schedule.
The Advanceman will work closely with the Spokesmien's Resources
Campaign Desk in preparing the final schedule. The central point of
scheduling is that most events are syiTibolic, i.e. , it is not what the
surrogate actually does as much as what it appears he does. This
means the image the public receives via the various media is the
key point of scheduling. Therefore, in a media region one or two, news
leads should be developed each day and should possibly include a local
interest story. Keep this point in mind and use it as an argument
with local sponsors that expect the surrogate to do numerous events.
9312
A schedule which includes numerous events will only fuzz up the
news leads and exhaust the surrogate.
Exposure via the media is the ultimate objective of scheduling.
Therefore, the logic of the situation dictates that the surrogate
reaches the public via 1) television -- news, press conferences,
talk shows, interviews, etc. ; 2) radio -- news, press confer-
ences, talk shows, interviews, etc. ; 3) newspapers -- columnists,
photographers; 4) wire services reporters. Hence, your job is
to expose the surrogate to these media, and where there is a crowd
required, it must be large and enthusiastic to favorably influence
the media. (Remember - 200 people in a room wdth a capacity of
200 creates a much more favorable impression than 200 people in
a room with a capacity of 500. )
The following guidelines should be adhered to when helping develop
a schedule:
1. generate major news and media coverage
2. cover innportant localities, interest groups, etc.
3. when required, provide large, enthusiastic public
meetings which serve as a newsworthy event (backdrop)
for the media to report
4. private meetings v.'ith key effective political leaders
and opinion makers (interviews, taping sessions)
9313
8-
5. leave adequate staff time for preparation, evaluation, and
phone calls.
6. adequate periods for rest and eating
7. realistically determine the proper times required
under the conditions that will prevail
8. be accurate with facts, names, places, etc.
9. at each stop or activity on the schedule, provide a
telephone number so the surrogate can always be
contacted by his office
9314
Important Note to Checklist
The following checklist itemizes numerous advance concepts and
requirements that most events you will be advancing will not require.
In most cases an elaborate comnnittee structure may not be required.
You, in many cases, will not have to worry about crowd raising, etc.
Use your connmon sense and knowledge of the events that the surrogate
will be participating in and let that be your guide as to how you advance
the stop.
9315
CHAPTER IV
ADVANCEMEN'S CHECKLIST
Preliminary Information
1. Purpose of Trip
2. Tentative Schedule
Date
Time
Place
Events
3. Who v/ill accompany the Surrogate
4. Methods of Transportation
Arrival /Departure
On Site
5. Background Information
Political
Fininacing (Who pays)
Local Contacts
Key Contact
Key Statewide Contacts
Citizens
State GOP Chairman
Committeeman
Committee woman
State Elected GOP Officials
Congressional Delegation
Others
O - 74 - pt.l9 - 46
9316
6. Previous Stops-in Area (Check with Herge)
Before You Leave
1. Contact Key Contact
Inform him of your arrival
Desire to meet with him alone on arrival
Have him make arrangenaents for your hotel, volunteer
secretary, office, office supplies if required.
Have him begin thinking of potential chairman and
volunteers for various committees (see section on
committee chairman)
2. Develop a tentative schedule based on the information available
3. Put together a game plan for discussion Vvdth key contact
4. Get organized and stay organized until you return
The Advance/Organizing the Stop
NOTE: Remember the key to successful advancing is delegating
responsibility to others and the Advanceman exercising
control and authority
Committees and Committee Chairmen
Overall Chairman
Advanceman's principal contact directs efforts of
other Chairman
Publicity Chairman
Release news and color releases
Notify media of events
9317
-3-
Publicity Chairman (con't)
Prepare and issue press credentials
Pick and direct media facilities chairman
sound
lighting
media accomodations at each event
Coordinate press conferences, interviewing, taping, etc.
Prepare and place newspaper ads, radio and T.V. spots
when necessary.
Crowd Raising Chairman^
(Optional)
Recruit and coordinate efforts of following subchairmen:
Coordinate with publicity chairmen publicity campaign
Telephone (boiler room)
Provide facilities
Provide volunteers
Handbill
Print short, informative, and factually correct
flyer
Recruit volunteers
Distribute
Invitations
Print invitations
Produce invitation list
Mail or distribute invitations
Airport Chairman_
Responsible for physical set-up of airport
Coordinate vi^ith media facilities chairman to insure press
needs are niet.
Greeting committee assembled and in place
Secure entertainment
Help move people to motorcade
Transportation Chairman
Supply vehicles and drivers
Hotel Chairman
Make room arrangements
Arrange for physical requirements
9318
Rally/Meeting/Event Chairman -_^
(Optional)
Control efforts of sub-chairmen of functions:
Physical facilities
Media physical facilities
Decorations
Program
Entertainment
Platform
VIP
Ushers
Parking
Develop exact schedule and clear with Spokesmen's Resources Campaig
Desk
Develop fact sheet for traveling party and place in motorcade and hotel
rooms. It should include room list, local information, hotel services
and names of local VIP's.
Airport Arrival
Considerations
Military Air Base convenient
Regular Commercial Flight
Private area-removed from commercial site
Sufficient space for arrival
Airport
Motorcade
Press Area
Crowds
How best not to disturb airport operations
Encourage public to be present (Check with Herge)
Proximity adequate parking for crowds
Public access to area
Will airport crowd dilute crowds at other events
Crowd area
Flexible
Fill camera angle first
Condense crovi'd
9319
- Crowd control
ropes and barrels
ushers
Color
bands
entertainment
Press
Press area - roped off and controlled
Angle of sun at arrival time
Credentials
Camera platform - if necessary-
Press parking
Access to press area
Airport Security
For Surrogate
C r o wd s
Parking and traffic access
Reception Line
Holding area
Control who in line (no extras)
Protocol order
Ready to move 15 mins. prior to arrival
Surrogate must be advised in advance of who he will meet
Surrogate remarks opportunity
To Press
To Public
Adequate P/A with stand-up mike
Something to stand on - baggage cart
Transportation
Motorcade
Cars - late model - fueled - labeled
Drivers - know area and briefed
Motorcade in place 45 mins. prior to arrival - driver
stay in car
Press busses - labeled, high speed
Route checked and timed under correct conditions
9320
-6-
Motorcade (con't)
Line-up
Car "A" Lead
Marked police car (hopefully)
Advanceman
Car "B"
Surrogate
Car "C"
Staff
Car "D"
Additional Staff, if required
VIP's - if required - can be in front of Car D
Press
Tail - Marked police car
Motorpool for staff time in hotels and overnights
late nnodel cars
drivers that know area
dispatcher with telephone number (on fact sheet)
immediate availability-
Hotel Motel Arrangements
Staff and traveling party
In same block of rooms or area
Keys in doors or Advanceman's pocket
Rooming list/fact sheet in each room
Latest newspapers in room
Baggage delivered to rooms as soon as possible
Fast room service
Fast and reliable valet and laundry service
Staff Office
Secretary available
IBM electric typewriter
Desk top xerox machine
Office supplies
Billing arrangements worked out with hotel management
Surrogate requirements
CoiTifortable suite with a large parlor for small meetings
removed from elevators and noises
Private phone installed
All hotel calls directed to staff assistant or Advanceman
Latest newspapers
9321
Surrogate requirements (con't)
Room list/fact sheet
Current refreshment requirements discretely removed from vie'W
Traveling Press
Pre-registered on different floor
Separate billing instructions
Their room numbers to baggage handlers
Working P-^ess Room
Long tables and chairs
Manual typewriters and paper
Pads and pencils
Food and refreshments
Western Union runner
On occasion -- long distance telephones and/or coin operated phones
Telex
Functions
Rallies /Meetings
Platform
Proper number of seats with name tags
Backdrop-background --no busy designed or shiny material
Properly lighted
Tastefully decorated
Platform seating list and chart
Plenty of aisle space, including clear area in front of
surrogate's seat so he can be seen
Clear access route for surrogate to get to platform
Crowd
Adequate parking facilities
Clear access - proper placement of information/directional signs
Ropes and stanchions
Flexible
Ushers -- briefed and identifiable
Reserved - VIP areas monitored
Crowd enchajicing facilities
bleachers and risers
Program
Develop program
Recruit high quality entertainment
bands/choral groups
local personalities
sports figures
Develop preprogram
9322
-8-
Program (con't)
Interject lively entertainment during formal program
If surrogate arriving during program, provide for music
pad time prior to introduction
Who introduces surrogate
cool and calm
Surrogate's Introduction
NOTE: Entrance and Introduction sequence are critical
and should be smooth and dignified. The introduction sets
the tone for the balance of the program
Holding room available in proximity to platform
Briefed on who escorts or exact route
What is cue to move
What is expected on platform
Who -will introduce - make sure he is rehearsed
Proper pronunciations of all people whom the surrogate
■will be referring to in his remarks
Local color or background information to surrogate to
personalize his remarks
Press Area
Defined
Area - roped off
Access clear
Credentials required?
Camera platform
Same height as speakers platform
What is backdrop/what can the camera see
Power available for cameras
Press Conferences
Important Note: You should never schedvile a formal press
conference without approval fronn the Spokesman's Resources
Desk at the CoiTunittee
Large room
Temperature reduced to 60 degrees
9323
-9-
Press Conference (con't)
Chairs for press - make sure some chairs in front of camera
Riser and platform wth depending on surrogates preference:
Lecturn
Stand-up mike
Podium
Camera platform same height as riser between 20-30 feet from riser
Backdrop - not busy or shiny - light blue best
Proper lighting
Checkpoint for checking press credentials
Private meetings
Usually no more than 20 people
Surrogate's suite
Small function room
If appropriate have a photographer available
List of attendees with address for photos
Background information on attendees, etc. , to Surrogate
Ability to break-up meeting at appropriate time, i. e. , another event
Receptions
Two Types
Small -- 50-200 (known as handshaker)
Large -- 300-1000
Small reception
Spacious room
Background music
Receiving line - good backdrop behind
someone to introduce people to surrogate
ropes and stanchions to guide flow of people
Stand-up microphone available but concealed for possible
remarks to group
Bar and food service opposite end to help people flow away
from receiving line
. Large reception
Important Note: It is impossible for the surrogate to shake
all hands. It is not the people you shake hands with you worry
about; it's those you don't. Therefore, his participation should
be a drop-by with a remarks opportunity
Riser high enough for all to see
Backdrop/microphone available preferably concealed
9324
-10-
Dinners
Important Note: Determine if it is required for the surrogate to
sit through the entire dinner or arrive for desert.
Holding room or assembly room for head table if they be intro-
duced as a group
Clear access and route to head table
Head table seating list and chart (with pronunciations)
Plenty of aisle space
Program - Surrogate briefed on program
Who introduced surrogate?
Departure
Overnights
Establish a reasonable time for baggage call
Arrange for baggage handlers
Motorcade in place, labeled, and ready to move 45 minutes
prior to departure
All rooms checked for articles left behind especially potentially
embarrassing documents
Other Events
Route to transportatiori'
Motorcade ready
All in traveling party together and ready to move
Operation Thank You
A "Thank You" form should include
-Full name and address
-Whether it's Dear Bill or Dear Mr, Jones
-What job they performed
-Any short comment to make the letter more personal, i. e. ,
his son Jack was with him and v/as introduced as the surrogate
left the elevator on his way to reception --he also introduced
you at the end of the reception.
- Date and event
-Any special gifts put in rooin or otherwise received for the
surrogate should be listed along with donor and address
Media Follow-Up
Assign local chairman to monitor all media
Secure from local chairman copies of all published i-naterial
and summaries of radio and TV reports (stations, time, nature
of report and tone)
9325
SOUND -LIGHTING
SOUND
There are two groups who must hear what is said -- the
audience and the news media. To accomplish this, you wall need a
reputable audio company, which many times is difficult for you to
judge. A few general guidelines may be of help.
1. Your press facilities chairman hopefully will have
some experience in this area,
2. The type of equipment the company handles is some
indication -- Mcintosh, ALTEC, Electro-Voice, Bogen,
Collings, R.C.C. are quality companies.
3. The length of time the company has been in business is
also some indication of their competency.
There are five basic parts to your system:
1. Microphone. This should be a quality DIRECTIONAL
Mike to prevent picking up all the background noises.
2. A bridge (or mult) -- this device takes the input from the
surrogate's mike and feeds out to all the media.
This eliminates the surrogate trying to talk to 20-30
mikes, (which is confusing) and it makes a much neater
T.V. picture. The bridge will require a sound engineer
to operate it. Be sure the radio and T. V. people
are informed ahead of time that they will be taking their
sound from the bridge, and the type of connectors they
should bring. Be sure they are informed as to when the
bridge will be set up. (At least one hour prior to the event),
3. An:iplifying systeras -- recommended brand names:
Mcintosh, Bogen, R.C.A. , Collins, etc.
4. The critical part in placing speakers is to put them in
such a position that they do not cause feed back. Most
feed back can be eliminated by:
9326
.12-
1. being certain none of the speakers face the
surrogate
2. being certain none of the speakers are located
in back of the surrogate
3. be sure to test your system well in advance of
the event so that you have plenty of time to add
additional power (amplification) or speakers if
necessary to fill the hall.
4. Outdoors, you v/ill need SIX paging horn type
speakers (University of WLC) for the first 40, 000
sq. ft. and one for each 10, 000 sq. ft. additional
5. Recording:
The surrogate's public remarks during the event
could be recorded. Record these on a 45" Norelco
type tape recorder -- clearly print date, place
LIGHTING
Please use as much diplomacy as possible to arrange with
the T.V. technicians the following lighting set-up:
In front of the candidate, about 15 degrees from the
horizontal above his eye level, place two quartz
lights, one on each side of the surrogate.
Very important is a back light which shines down on
the surrogate and is about 4' in back of him and
above him. This is primarily to light his shoulders
and hair and to reduce shadov/s.
All lighting should be for color T, V and these are
3200 Kelvin color temperature lights.
9327
SAMPLE
ADVANCE SCHEDULE
Subject: Mrs. Richard M, Nixon
Date: October 19 and 20, 1970
MONDAY, OCTOBER 19. 1970
11:00 a.m. Arrive at Gate 35 at Minneapolis-St. Paul International
Airport w
Greeting Party at Plane Side:
Congressman and Mrs. Clark MacGregor
Gov. and Mrs. Harold LeVander
Lt. Gov. and Mrs. Douglas Head
Mayor and Mrs. Charles Stenvig
Mr. and Mrs. Russell Lund
Mr. and Mrs. George Thiss
Proceed into terminal, with greeting party, and enter
elevator. Take elevator up to 2nd floor and enter
reception area. Greet other Republican candidates and
VIPs.
Leave reception area, enter elevator and proceed to 1st
floor. Walk onto driveway on south side terminal. Crowd
situation in driveway. Entire ever.t subject to full
press coverage (no live TV) .
11:30 a.m. Depart Airport and proceed to Sheraton-Ritz, 315 Nicollet
Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Motorcade Assignments:
Lead Car: Mr. Herge
Mr. Dillon
Car //I Mrs. Nixon
Congressman MacGregor
Mrs. (Barbara) MacGregor
Car #2 Security
Staff 1: Dennis Chemberlin (Driver)
Nancy Corrigan
Helen Smith
9328
staff 2: E. F. McClintock (Driver)
Mr. Knightlinger
Car //5 Gov. and Mrs. LeVander
Press Bus
Spare Car
Follow-up
11:45 a.m. Arrive at hotel. Mrs. Nixon greeted by«Mr. Weldon
"Bill" Garrison (G.M.), who escorts her to her room.
Elevator #1 Mr. Foerster (operator)
Mrs . Nixon
Mr. Garrison
Cong. MacGregor
Mrs. MacGregor
Helen Smith
Mr. Herge
Mr. Copeland
Mr. Dillon
(Miss Corrigan and Mr. Knightlinger will proceed
immediately to Ballroom area.)
Mrs. Nixon enters her room alone.
11:55 a.m. Fourteen National Officers of Psi Data XI Sorority,
a national philanthropic sorority, will be escorted
to Room 1208. Mrs. Arthur W. Schuyler, Jr. (National
President) will present Mrs. Nixon with a marble plaque
and a framed scroll.
PHOTO OPPORTUNITIES.
12:10 p.m. Depart Room 1208 and proceed to Grand Ballroom.
Walk to head table,
Mrs. Nixon sits to the right of the podium.
12:15 p.m. Luncheon Served.
1:00 p.m. Luncheon concludes.
Form receiving line, consisting of:
Cong. MacGregor
Mrs. Nixon
Gov. LeVander
9329
/.:00 p.m. Conclude receiving line
2:05 p.m. Depart Sheraton-Ritz Hotel and proceed to KSD-TV
(NBC), 111 Olive Street, Greenwood Plaza Mall
Motorcade assignments same as above.
2:30 p.m. Arrive at Greenwood Plaza Mall
Proceed to filming of 10 minute interview then
call-in Q & A. '«
Bob Hardy, News Director, will conduct interview
of Mrs. Nixon and Cong. MacGregor.
3:30 p.m. Conclude interview and proceed to St. Paul, Minnesota.
Motorcade assignments same as above.
4:50 p.m. Ride over Eisenhower Bridge (Dedicated November 8, 1969
by Julie Eisenhower)
Bridge lined with Girl and Boy Scouts and band.
Pause at Name Plaque.
5:00 p.m. Arrive at City Building, St. Paul, Minnesota.
As party enters lobby, Mr. Cudlip signals MC, who will
announce Mrs. Nixon and Cong, and Mrs. MacGregor.
Cong, and Mrs. MacGregor escort Mrs. Nixon to 6" riser
and will there join Gov. and Mrs. LeVander (No remarks
scheduled, but single, stand-up mic available at side of
riser.) Reception line. Coffee, tea, soda, and small
cakes available. Full press coverage (no live TV).
6:30 p.m. Conclude reception and proceed to Sheraton-Ritz Hotel.
6:A5 p.m. Enter lobby of Sheraton-Ritz Hotel, greet general crowd
in lobby area, and proceed to assigned rooms.
STAFF TIME
(Dinner options: 1. Northstar Inn - The Wine Cellar
618 Second Avenue South (3 min. drive)
2. Sheraton-Ritz - Cheshire Cheese Room
Mr. Karl Foerster, Resident Manager of Sheraton-Ritz prepared to make
assignments for either option if decided not to eat in assigned rooms.)
9330
TUESDAY, "OCTOBER 20, 1970
8:45 a.m.
9:00 a.m. Depart Hotel for Minneapolis-St . Paul International
Airport (Gate 35). Motorcade assignments:
Car //I Mrs. Nixon
Car #2 Security '*«
Staff 1: Mr. Herge
Mr. Knightlinger
Helen Smith
Depart for Andrews A.F.B.
Flight time: 1 hr. 30 min.
9331
Sample Phone Contact List
to be distributed to
surrogate and staff
Airport managers
Police Liaison & emergency
Fire Liaison & emergency
Hotel - manager
- valet
- room service
Secret Service (for emergency use) '«
- nearest local office
- Washington, D.C. office (202) 456-2340
Nearest Hospital with adequate facilities and ambulance service
Transportation contacts
- commercial or private airplanes
- staff cars and drivers
Advanceman's room and phone number
Surrogate's room and phone number
Administrative Aid to surrogate's room and phone number
Secretary to surrogate's room and phone number
State Committee for the Re-election of the President
Committee for the Re-election of the President, Wash., D.C.
(202)333-0920
White House Signal Board (202)395-2000
Your liaison in Wash., D.C.
Other
32-818 O- 74 - pt.l9 - 47
9332
Qc^^ll
ADMINISTRATIVELY CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
Exhibit 52
>i,-^,M 'rUcZ^IP
July 12, 1972
FRED MALEK
JOHN GRINALDS ^^;^
Military Voters
This memorandvim recorninends what to do about increasing the number of
military voters for Nixon in November. As you recall from our mp'^ting
with Richard McAdoo, it was accepted that the majority of career military
voters (officers and noncommissioned officers, E- 5 to E-9) probably
would vote for President Nixon but that additional information was needed
about the non-career group's voting preferences before an action plan
could be prepared. The following recommendations therefore take into
account Bob Teeter's analysis of probable voting preferences among non-
career military voters as well as certain features of the services' voting
assistance program. The recommendations have been reviewed by
Richard McAdoo and he endorseL- them all. Essentially, the recommenda-
tions are as follows:
Disregard the non-career voters.
Disregard any attempts to strengthen the services' voting assis-
tance program.
Concentrate instead on persuading the career military voters to
send for their absentee ballots and vote for President Nixon.
The sections below discuss these recommendations more fully, including
necessary action steps.
NON-CARZSR VOTERS
Based on an analysis of detnographic information about all services' 18-24
age groups Bob Teeter recommends against any registration drives or
attempts to persuade them to vote for President Nixon. The reason, for
this recommendation are as follows:
All of the recent public polls show Nixon substantially behind
McGovern with this age group.
There is a greater percentage of the group in lower socio-
economic categories than exists in tho general population,
which portends an even stronger Democra ic bias.
9333
I endorse Teeter's recommendation that we disregard the non-career
military voters for these reasons. Please indicate below your decision
on this recommendation.
Disregard non-career military voters. Yes / I; ' ^ ^
No
VOTING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
This program is designed to ensure that servicemen have the information,
time, and assistance needed to vote in 1972. However, the policies and
directives set up to accomplish this (based on law) protect military persons
froin being polled by anyone about their voting preferences, and from any
action by commanders which could imply coercion to vote, e. g. , ordering
persons to vote, marching troops to polls, and keeping rosters on who did
and did not vote. Consequently, it does not appear that there is much we
can do legally that would significantly strengthen the voting assistance
program. Furthermore, the policies allow no difference between the
assistance afforded career military voters and that afforded the non- career
group. This means that even if we could strengthen the program, -we could
not do it selectively and the nunnber of non- career voters (probably voting
against the President) would also increase. Consequently, I recommend
that we disregard the services' voting assistance program as a tool to
register more favorable military voters. Please indicate below your
decision on this recommendation.
Disregard the services' voting assistance program. Yes ^' '^
CAREER N;:LITARY VOTERS
The number of career military voters in the services number about 1,000,000.
In 19V0 the percentage of those who voted was about 45%. Assuming that we
would increase that by twenty points in November, it would mean a total of
650,000 potential voters for President Nixon. About 60% of these career
military voters are married. If the v.-ives voted with their husbands it would
mean another 340, 000 potential voters. Our 1968 experience in Maryland
(which tallies military votes for candidates) indicates that about 60%, or
624, 000, of these potential voters would vote for President Nixon. Based
on a prtjbable distribution of the career group's home states, all their votes
would be distributed amiong the key States as shown below:
9334
VCalifornia
- 47,
. 424
Texas
- 41,
, 808
Illinois
- 23,
712
Ohio
- 29,
,9 '^2
\ New Jersey
9,
, 984
New York
- 34,
,320
\ Pennsylvania
- 35,
,568
Maryland
- 10,
,608
Michigan
21,
,216
Connecticut
6,240
Washington
- 13.104
Missouri
- 16.224
Wisconsin
- 10,608
Oregon
8,736
West Virginia
8, 112
Alaska
624
Delaware
1,872
Richard McAdoo and Rick Fore have reviewed these figures and both agree
that they would be a significant number in most of the States listed. Con-
sequently, I recommend that we take certain action steps (listed at Tab A)
to persviade the career military voters (and spouses) to send for their
absentee ballots and vote for President Nixon. Please indicate below your
decision on this recommendation, and at Tab A your decision on each of
the specific action steps to itnplement the recommendation. ,.-- v_ /
Persuade career military voters to send for absentee Yes ij/l' '
ballots and vote for President Nixon.
No
Richard McAdoo indicates that your decision On each of the recommendations
above is er.ough for him to begin implementatiojr irrHftpdia:(?ely. I will continue
to assist ;-im until my dep^riuj^eT^y " ^''"^ '^'' ' '^-^-^'^ ^^-'' -'^''-'^-^j -X
Attachment
cc: Richard McAdoo
/
p-i-
9335
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9336
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9337
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9338
Exhibit 53
MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr, Gordon Freeman
FROM: Mr. Richard J. Wis^^^fe^
DATE: October 31, 1973
Attached is a copy of a two-page handwritten document
entitled MEMORANDUM TO FRED MALEK which was referred to in
my letter of October 26, 1973, but which I inadvertently
left out of the material submitted to you on that date.
9339
9340
^Ct.'^cZ.'—
Exhibit 54
9341
Committee for the Re-election of the President
April 11, 1972
3R: MR. ROS ODLE
SUrJJECT: Weekly Activity Report ' .
\-la discussed p]ans in connection V7ith the upcorfiing Pri~.ary election in
Michigan with the State Chairrnan and agreed that an effort will he Dr-.ca in
trie Black co=:zunity in this connection.
\\e participated in meetings v.'ith Vrhite House Team rr.CLibers to resolve prir
bletis centering around 0>3E activities in efforts to .-.ssare that .;.-:-:i-u.^
Lenofits flow from this p.'ogra-n.
In contact with members of the B.C. Black Rep'.:bl i Cor.s and strategy
was develop to nove towards significant Black representation in the
delegation to the National Convention and toward sig;:'- f i cat Black
representation on the Corriaittee for the Re-Election of the Piesicent.
We u.et with Nev/ York representatives of the NOVEi-SER GROU? and ,T.ade
recommendations for a final change in copy for the Black American bro-
chure .
'.-.'e developed introductory letter to all state chairmen detailing the
Black Vote Division's operations and supportive services and requesting
their early move toward selecting Black Vote Chairmen. (See copy of
letter attached) .
Received approval from the Finance Chairman for go ahead to develop
format for fund raising dinner of 2,000 Blacks from across the Nation.
Machinery has been finalized for this event which is scheduled for June.
Interviewed applicants for positions of Administrative Assistant and
Field Coordinators. AJ.so, supplied Personnel with resumes of Black
applicants for positions of employment with the Committee.
9342
Exhibit 55
iffee for fho Re-election o^'i^i^-Vr^^iderii J'/^^ T /'
..;andum
:-KMORArTDU>: FOii: ini. FRED MAI.EK
FROM: PAUL R. JONF.S
July 21, 1972 ,-^7
V.'eekly Activity Report
i-LUOR ACCOMPLISHMEMTS
Field operations were initiated with Ed Sexton of RNC, who this week began
(part-time) functioning from the Black Voter Bloc offices. For purposes
of coordination, v.'e reconmend by memo office procedures and operations, field
staff contact reporting system and state contact schedule.
V.'e conferred with tfnlte House and PJJC counterparts to discuss specifically
field operations and convention planning and surrogate program. In this
connection, we also met with Stan Anderson and Frank Herringer to discuss
convention plans^i'^v'e xvere contacted by members of the Young Republicans
Platform Group for information on the Administration impact on Blacks. >5ajor
issues oriented to the Black community were analyzed relative to the overall
concerns of the Young Republicans.
We met with the General Counsel, Dept. of Treasury and Re-election Committee's
Director of La^jyers interests group and developed a plan to enlist additional
Black lav^vers to serve on overall Black La^NTyers Committee for Nixon. Plans
are to have a reception honoring Pierce at the National Bar Association Meeting
in Miami and invite select cross-section of attorneys across the Nation with
a view towards soliciting their support.
We followed through to insure maximum publicity for Administration's publicity
for Minority Bank Deposit Program accomplishments for release by U.S. Treasury -
Black newspapers, radio stations were informed.
We received Herchel Cannon, Black State Chairman for Arizona. With him, we
discussed budget and organizational plans for his state.
We have finalized plans for recruiting Black volunteers to be used by field
staff in connection with city/state organization. V.'e are awaiting review
with field staff for further input.
V.'o. represented the Re-election Conmittee on station V.'JIUR's "Peoples Flatfora"'
oa Monday, July 17th to present a balanced point of view against the Deinocrat
representative.
V.'e arranged with Tony McDonald the transfer of the responsibility to prepare
and distribute the Black Advance newsletter on a monthly schedule up to
September and bi-weekly through Kovembar.
I
9343
I'KCJliLcMS (See addiLinnal proM en; listed bolov/) .
Tiic whole area of public rclatioas support n.^eds clarif icat Loit — - r.^iscifi-
cally coordination aspects betv/aeu Election Committee and White Uouse staf
MAJOR ACTIVLTIES PL.'-is'N^ED
Establish Black Lawyers for re-election of the President — attendance at
National Ear Association Meeting in Miami Beach.
TP^WEL
Urban League Convention in St. Louis, Mo. — July 30, -Aug. 3, 1972
National Bar Association Heating, Miami Beach, Fla. — Aug. 1-5, 1972
PROBLEtl /
The inability, after repeated high level meetings, to get favorable suppor-
tive responses from the Office of Minority Business Enterprises remains a
continuing obstacle to best use of Administration resources to meet critical
needs.
o
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