Proceedings 1914/15

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1914-15

1762903

REYNOLDS HISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION

ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY

3 1833 01085 7990

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

Bangor Historical. Society

1914-1915

BANGOR, MAINE
1916

F Bangor historical society, Bangor, Ml

84107 Proceedings. 1914/] 915

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CONTENTS

Secretary's Report for 1914 . . . . .5

Library and Cabinet Report for 1914 . . . 8

Secretary's Report for 1915 . . . . .10

Librarian and Cabinet Keeper's Report for 1915 . . 16

"Ktaadn" by Prof. Lucius H. Merrill ... 19

"Mt. Katahdin as a National Park" by Hon. F. E. Guernsey . 31
"Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot" by Walter B. Smith 34
"A Bell" by James H. Crosby .... 42

"Peter Edes and the DeBurians" by Wilfrid A. Hennessy 45
"The First Bangor City Hall'' by Harry J. Chapman, Esq. . 51
Old City Hall Song by Elnathan Freeman Duren . . 57
Donations, April 30, 1911 to Dec. 31, 1915 . . .58

Loans, 1911-1916 84

Officers 1916 85

New Members, July 1, 1914 to April 4, 1916 . . .86

Bangor Co-Opeeative Printing Compant

ILLUSTRATIONS

\ vv of Ktaa(iu from the West Branch of the Penobscot.

Eu. uid We. t Pe^ks of Ktaadn.

Ma|) uS iMaudn.

Splitting Axe.

C' tting Axe.

CuUing Axe Worn by Much Use.

Crooked Axe.

Notched Axe.

The Beginning of an Axe.

Paul Revere Bell.

The Peter Edes Press.

Bangor's Old City Hall.

SECRETARY'S REPORT FOR 1914

— BY —

EDWARD MITCHELL BLANDING, Secretary
Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 5th, 1915

Since last we met in annual meeting in the lecture hall of this
attractive building the Bangor Historical Society has had a
notable year, perhaps the most eventful in its history.

On the afternoon of April 8th the society observed with
appropriate exercises its fiftieth anniversary, the program in-
cluding a prayer by Rev. Alva Roy Scott, introductory address
by President Lord, historical address by Secretary Blanding,
personal reminiscences by Ex-Secretary Duren, and addresses
by Ex-Secretary Fellows, Treasurer Coe, Dr. Mason, Gen.
Farnham, Mrs. Eckstorm and Hon. John Francis Sprague.
The occasion was particularly notable because of the presence
of two ch^irter members, Charles S. Fellows and Elnathan
Freeman Duren, both of them chosen Secretary in 1864.

The bc>ciety has been favored during the year with notable
addresses, among them being an illustrated talk by Prof. Warren
K. Moorehead, of Andover, Mass., on "Archaeological Research-
es in Maine," this occurring in the assembly hall of Bangor
High School on the evening of April 8th; address by Charles A.
Flagg of the Public Library on "Suggestions for Consideration
of the Society on New Lines of Activity" on the afternoon of
October 8th in the lecture hall of the Public Library; and at
the same time and place an address by Walter B. Smith on
"Evidences of Occupation of Penobscot Valley by Three Distinct
Qroups of Pre-historic Men."

During the open season two field days were observed, August
4th, and September 3d. On the former occasion the members,
after a short business session at the Public Library, adjourned
to West Market Square where they took the Old Town trolley
cars. The party disembarked at the Red Bridge where were
inspected places of historic interest around the mouth of the

Bangor Historical Society

Penjejawock. From there the party continued to the site of
historic Fort Hill above Mount Hope in the town of Veazie.
Mr. Herbert G. Flanders, a member of the Bangor Historical
Society who has given much time to archaeological investiga-
tions in this vicinity, accompanied the party and pointed out
objects of historic interest. Our second field day was on the
centennial anniversary of the Battle of Hampden — Sept. 3d —
and with Herbert G. Flanders as guide many objects of historic
interest were pointed out. On the spacious veranda of the
Conduskeag Canoe and Country Clubhouse Mr. Flanders im-
parted much interesting information regarding the historic
battle and an entertaining feature of the afternoon was an im-
promptu address by Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm. Both of
these field days were participated in by many members and
proved enjoyable to all.

The society for the first time in its history has issued a
publication and the anniversary proceedings have been pub-
lished in an attractive book of one hundred pages. This has
been distributed not only among the members but among
historical societies generally throughout the country. Highly
gratifying have been the responses and already a numerous
array of volumes issued by other historical societies have come
to hand with promises of many more in the future.

A notable feature of the society's activities has been the
collecting of historical exhibits. With a splendid room for the
purpose and superb cases in which to display objects of historic
interest there has been acquired through the generous coopera-
tion of friends a multiplicity of exceedingly interesting and
valuable souvenirs of Bangor's early days. In the conflagra-
tion of April 30th, 1911, the Bangor Historical Society lost
priceless treasures and yet already we have a splendid nucleus
for a collection larger and more valuable than that which
vanished on that fateful day.

During the year there have been important accessions to
our membership and a cordial invitation is extended to all
interested in the objects of the society to join. There have
been some breaks in our ranks, the necrological roll including
Charles E. Bliss, Henry G. Thompson, Charles I. Collamore
and Elmer F. Pember. Mr. Bliss was long prominently

Secretary's Report for 1914

ciated with the Western Union Telegraph Company and later
for many years was Bangor's Postmaster; he took a deep interest
in this society and for seven years was Vice President, holding
this position at the time of his decease. Mr. Thompson was
active in municipal affairs, having served as alderman and
for some years building inspector, and likewise associated with
the Grand Army. Mr. Collamore in his earlier years was
associated with telegraphy but during the later years was con-
nected with the New England Telephone and Telegraph Com-
pany. Mr. Pember for many years was active in the ministry,
but during recent years has given attention to real estate and
farming.

The new year upon which we are entering offers many oppor-
tunities for usefulness. The officers contribute liberally in
time and labor and with cooperation on the part of members
the Bangor Historical Society should not only maintain but still
further advance the honorable record made during its existence
of a half century.

Respectfully submitted,

Edward Mitchell Blandinq,

Secretary.

Bangor, Maine, Jan. 5, 1915.

LIBRARY AND CABINET 1914

—BY —

CHARLES A. FLAGG, Chairman Special Conunittee
Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 5th, 1915

The installation of our new museum cases in June 1914,
brought to the front the matter of the classification, recording
and arrangement of our collections, both prmted matter and
historical material.

The librarian and cabinet-keeper finding it physically im-
possible to give the matter the time and attention needed, the
executive committee appointed early in 1914 a special committee
consisting of C. A. Flagg, W. C. Mason and E. M. Blanding.

There was on hand 1st, three trunks of miscellaneous material
accumulated at the Court House; 2d, the Moorehead col-
lection of Indian antiquities; 3d, accumulations in the Library
vault gathered since new building was occupied, and 4th
many gifts entrusted to individual members of the Society
until a place should be provided.

All this has been assembled and separated into the two main
classes : I, Cabinet material, such as historic objects, autographs,
pictures, coins, broadsides, etc. II, Books and pamphlets.

All the cabinet material has been recorded in a special book,
numbered and displayed in the cases or filed in the drawers
below them, or, in case of a few larger pieces, placed elsewhere
in the room. One single exception is the collection of Civil
war relics, shells, etc., given by Gen. J. S. Smith, which is
stored in the basement awaiting a special case for its exhibition.

The books and pamphlets have been arranged and are being
recorded in an ordinary accession book and are assigned a special
section of the lower floor of the Library stack.

We have adopted a form of label for the articles exhibited, a
very neat and simple book-plate and a brief and dignified print-
ed acknowledgment for gifts, bearing the Society seal, which
was drawn up by a special committee.

Library and Cabinet 1914

In addition to our own property we have had several special
loan collections, either permanent or temporary. Most notable
of these is the Herbert G. Flanders collection which occupies
one-third of the case at left of entrance of the History and Fine
Arts Room. This is a permanent loan. The same may be
said of certain historical material belonging to the Bangor Public
Library. Mr. Frank C. Bowler of Millinocket has given an
indefinite loan of some interesting Revolutionary material, and
Mr. W. H. Jarvis of Brewer had an exhibit of ancient jewelry
and china for several weeks in the fall.

Just now for about two weeks we have a special exhibit in
commemoration of the War of 1812 and the Treaty of Ghent
which brought it to a close. This occupies two-thirds of the
left hand case. For the autographs shown we are indebted
to Mr. Howard Corning who has loaned from his extensive
collection such as illustrated this subject.

Charles A. Flagg.

Bangor, Jan. 5, 1915.

SECRETARY'S REPORT FOR 1915

-BY-

EDWARD MITCHELL BLANDING, Secretary
Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 4th, 1916

The Bangor Historical Society has during the past year very
considerably increased its membership, fifty-one members
having been added to the roll. Further additions are expected
at this meeting, and a cordial invitation is extended to all
interested in the objects of the organization to come into
affiliation with the Bangor Historical Society.

There have been during the year that is gone three deaths,
Prott.sbor Charles J. H. Ropes, Mrs. Lucia M. Stearns and
Colonel Frank D. Pullen. Mrs. Stearns was the widow of the
late Ezra L. Sterns and passed away in her apartments at The
Colonial wit luu a few months of her admission to membership
in the Soiiety. Charles Joseph Hardy Ropes was born in St.
Petersburg, now Petrograd, Russia, in 1851, where his father
was United States consul. After graduation from Andover
Theological Seminary in 1875, and after continuing advanced
studies at Andover and at Union Theological Seminary, New
York, he assumed the pastorate of the Congregational Church
in Ellsworth and remained there until 1881 when he was called
to a professorship in Bangor Theological Seminary. He con-
tinued in that position until 1905 when, after a severe illness,
he withdrew from the work of instruction and assumed charge
of the Seminary library, continuing in the capacity of librarian
until his decease, January 5, 1915. He was a profoimd scholar,
an able preacher, an eminent theologian and a writer of marked
ability. The Professor had been a member of the Bangor
Historical Society since 1894.

The sudden death on the night of October 24 of Colonel
Frank D. Pullen was a distinct shock to the community. The
Colonel's friends were legion, and long will he be missed. At
the time of his decease he was deputy collector of customs and

Secretary's Report for 1915 11

had only recently moved into the new and spacious quarters
in the handsome federal building. Colonel Pullen was greatly
interested in historical matters and had been a member of the
Bangor Historical Society since 1907. He served most efficient-
ly with General Augustus B. Farnham and Librarian Charles
A. Flagg on the committee to secure a new historical cabinet
in the basement of the Bangor Public Library^ and he also was
one of the most zealous and active members of the committee
under whose auspices were held the highly successful Historical
Field Days at Castine in mid-July.

The year just passed was one of the most active in the history
of the organization. At the annual meeting in January last
a most interesting feature of the program was an address by
Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm on "The Fight at Lovewell's
Pond." The talented speaker held the closest attention of the
audience and her highly interesting and instructive address
was greeted with enthusiastic applause. Mrs. Eckstorm re-
cited in a most interesting manner several ballads pertaining
to this historic fight.

On April 6, the Society held its quarterly meeting, a notable
feature being an address by Professor Lucius H. Merrill of the
University of Maine on "Mt. Ktaadn." This was an ex-
ceedingly instructive and highly entertaining address and was
followed with remarks by Hon. Frank E. Guernsey of Dover,
the congressman from the Fourth Congressional District, and
who was present by invitation. The Congressman spoke
eloquently of his efforts to urge Congress to make a national
reservation of Mt. Katahdin. Walter B. Smith, a member of
our Society, talked very interestingly on "Aboriginal Axes of
the Penobscot" and gave a most interesting exhibition of oldtime
axes found by him in this vicinity.

On May 4, the Society again met and adopted important
resolutions endorsing the efforts of Congressman Guernsey to
make of Mt. Katahdin a forest preserve and national park.

On October 19, the Society held in the Lecture Hall at the
Public Library an extremely interesting session, this taking
place in the evening. The opening address was the presentation
of an interesting paper by James H. Crosby on "A Historic
Bell," it being descriptive of the Paul Revere bell installed at

12 Bangor Historical Society

the First Congregational Church which was destroyed in the
conflagration of 1911. The year 1915 was the one-hundredth
anniversary of the installation of this bell, and a large fragment
rescued from the ruins now reposes in the collection of the
Bangor Historical Society. The year 1915 was also the one-
hundredth anniversary of the death of Captain Charles Ham-
mond, one of the most prominent of Bangor's early citizens,
and Secretary Blanding read a tribute to his memory written
many years ago by Deacon George A. Thatcher, a former vice
president of the Bangor Historical Society.

The closing address of the evening was by Wilfrid A. Hennessy
on "Peter Edes and the DeBurians," and this was a most
interesting feature of the evening, especially so as 1915 was the
centennial anniversary of the inauguration in Bangor by Peter
Edes of the newspaper, The Bangor Weekly Register.

The Historical Field Days held at Castine ip mid-July under
the auspices of the Bangor Historical Society and with the co-
operation of the Piscataquis County Historical Society and the
Castine Board of Trade were highly enjoyable and will long be
remembered by all participatmg. The dates were Wednesday
and Thursday, July 14 and 15, and the weather was quite
satisfactory, which is considerable to say for a summer character-
ized by unusual rainfall and disagreeable conditions generally.
In the forenoon of the first day a delegation composed of Presi-
dent Sprague, Secretary Smith and other representatives of
the Piscataquis Society came to Bangor and were met by a
committee of the Bangor Society, opportunity being given the
visitors to inspect the new Federal Building and likewise to
visit the Bangor Public Library where the treasures of the
Historical Society were shown. In the early afternoon the
party boarded the steamer Castine and sailed down the pictur-
esque Penobscot, reaching Castine after a delightful sail, in the
late afternoon. Excellent accommodations were provided the
party at The Acadian, Manager Walker's attractive and
commodious hotel being the general headquarters for the
historical excursionists. In the evening, public exercises were
held in the Emerson Memorial Town Hall which was filled with
a large and representative audience. President W. H. Hooper
of the Castine Board of Trade called the assemblage to order

Secretary's Report for 1915 13

and introduced Hon. W. A. Walker of Castine who in graceful
and eloquent words cordially welcomed the visitors to Castine.
Upon the conclusion of the address of welcome by Senator
Walker, Hon. Henry Lord, president of the Bangor Historical
Society, responded earnestly and in most fitting language.
Hon. John Francis Sprague of Dover, president of the Pis-
cataquis County Historical Society, responded for the Pis-
cataquis visitors, his address being most interesting and replete
with valuable information. Edward M. Blanding, secretary
of the Bangor Historical Society, read messages of regret from
Rev. Henry S. Burrage of Kennebunkport, State Librarian, and
Hon. James Phinney Baxter of Portland, president of the
Maine Historical Society. In response to calls, President
Lord introduced Congressman Guernsey who made brief and
appropriate remarks, and William Castein Mason, M. D.,
chairman of the Bangor Historical Society's Executive Com-
mittee, made exceedingly interesting references to Castine.
His father, the late Dr. John Mason, was born in Castine, and
his grandfather, Rev. William Mason, was for many years
pastor of the historic Unitarian Church in Castine. The next
speaker was Charles W. Noyes of New York and a native of
Castine, his topic being "Fort Pentagoet and the Early Be-
ginnings at Castine. This was a most earnest and vivid por-
trayal of the early history of this picturesque town, and upon its
conclusion Dr. George A. Wheeler, for long years a resident of
Castine, discoursed instructively on "Castine in the Revolution-
ary Period and During the War of 1812."

On the second day, the officials and members of the Castine
Board of Trade gave the visiting historians an enjoyable auto
ride during the forenoon, affording an admirable opportunity to
inspect under the most favorable circumstances the many
historic sights in and about Castine. Historians Noyes and
Wheeler were on hand, and myriad interesting features were
outlined and explained. Castine is fortunate in havipg its
historic spots all marked, and with fifty-five tablets and twenty-
nine markers its wonderful historic story leaves a strong imprint
on the mind. During the closing hours of the forenoon the
party visited the Witherle Public Library, and later called at
the Colonial home of Miss Witherle and the attractive home

14 Bangor Historical Society

on Pleasant street of Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Noyes. In the
afternoon the party proceeded in boats across the bay to the
Brooksville shore where Professor Warren K. Moorehead of the
Department of Archaeology of Phillips Academy, Andover,
Mass., had been carrying on most interesting shell heap in-
vestigations. Since the Castine meeting the professor has
favored our Society with numerous treasures secured among
the Indian shell heaps in and about Castine.

On the evening of the second day, in the historic Unitarian
Clurcli, was held the final meeting. President Hooper of the
( . , . • Boiiid of Trade opened the exercises and introduced Hon.
John i : wicis Sprague who presided throughout the evening.
The optimig address was by Mrs. Louise Wheeler Bartlett, her
subject being "The Taverns, Stage Drivers and Newspapers
of Castine." The talented speaker was warmly applauded.
Profeb.-or Warren K. Morehead of Andover then spoke on "The
Pre-Ct'i Mial luilian," and the distinguished speaker was never
heard t.. ; t! r ;.awiutage than on this occasion. Charles W.
Noye:-, 1,'. ! i-iioii, followed in a highly instructive address
I'D ''Lin J)uuli .1,1 Castine," and the exercises of the evening
rJw.NCi! with ;in addn^ss by Edward M. Blanding of Bangor on
"Maine 1920." ']1ie visiting historians did not all return at the
same time but a considerable delegation remained till the
morning of the third day, returning on the same steamer
Castine on which they made the down river trip. A goodly
number made the round trip by automobile.

Tlie season's uctivitits have not, however, been confined to
public n.( » iii.^s and the midsummer outing for throughout the
year a vni'-ruus cunipaign has been in progress to add to the
society's historical treasures. Many and valuable donations
ii..,i been made to the collection of curios and important
accesriions have been made in books, pamphlets and periodicals
to the society's library. We are under very particular obliga-
tions to Mr. Charles A. Flagg who has contributed freely of
his time and labor In labelling, classifying and properly dis-
playing the historical exhibits, and suitably preserving our
library treasures. Less than five years have elapsed since the
destruction in the conflagration of 1911 of the valued treasures
collected by the Bangor Historical Society during its first half

Secretary's Report for 1915 15

century but through the co-operation of friends we have already
gathered together an historical exhibit in many particulars
superior to that which is gone, and with a continuance of the
kindly offices of interested friends our society will have a col-
lection of which Bangor may well be proud and which will make
the Historical Room at the Bangor Public Library one of the
city's most notable attractions. In recognition of her long and
valued services Mrs. Mary H. Curran was at the annual meet-
ing one year ago elected Librarian and Cabinet Keeper Emeri-
tus.

Thfe Bangor Historical Society shortly after its fiftieth anni-
versa'ry brought out in pamphlet form an elaborate publication
containing the detailed proceedings of the golden anniversary
and including also a list of the society's treasures destroyed in
Bangor's conflagration. Another volume is soon to be issued
and this will contain a list of donations received since the fire,
together with several of the addresses given before the society
during the past two years. Although this publication will
be somewhat expensive it will be supplied to the members
without cost. ■ '

Upon the threshold of the new j^ear it is to be remembered
that 1916 is rich in historical associations for it was one hun-
dred years ago next month that the act establishing Penobscot
County passed the Massachusetts Legislature, and in the
autumn the centennial anniversary of the Bangor Theological
Seminary will be fittingly observed. A most interesting event
in November last was the newspaper banquet at the Bangor
House commemorative of the one hundredth anniversary of
the establishing by Peter Edes of Bangor's first newspaper,
the Weekly Register, and preliminary steps have been taken
looking to the presentation of a Pageant of the Penobscot Valley
in 1917.

Respectfully submitted,

Edward Mitchell Blanding,

Secretary.

Bangor, Maine, Jan. 4, 1916.

LIBRARY AND CABINET 1915

— BY —

CHARLES A. FLAGG, Librarian and Cabinet Keeper
Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 4th, 1916

Large as were our accessions in 1914, those of the past year
have been still larger. All have been recorded, and beginning
with Jan. 1915, each donor has had a formal acknowledgment
signed by president and librarian. We have just lately finished
the recording of all the Society's collections received since the
fire of 1911.

The Library accession book contains the printed material:
books, pamphlets, magazines, newspapers, leaflets, broadsides,
etc., except such printed matter as, on account of form or
rarity, more properly belongs to the cabinet. The other, or
Cabinet, accession book contains the Society's other possessions:
historical and archaeological relics, coins, manuscripts, maps,
pictures, etc.

The Library today contains 3204 pieces including a number
of historical works not owned by the Bangor Public Library.
Only a beginning has been made in the arrangement of this
material, but the close of 1916 should see it all in order and
available for use.

The last specimen added to the Cabinet bore the number
924, but that number is misleading as it was necessary to leave
large blocks of numbers blank to provide for early gifts, not yet
in hand when we began to record the later ones. The Cabinet
actually contains 683 numbers. And even this gives no ade-
quate idea of the extent of our museum, many numbers cover-
ing a considerable group of pieces, as coins, arrowheads, pictures
et cetera.

The completion of the large case on the lower floor within the
last few weeks has provided a place for the General Smith col-
lection and also for sundry other large objects, previously stored.
The metal cases in the History and Fine Arts Room are so nearly

Library and Cabinet 1915 17

full that in event of any considerable addition it becomes neces-
sary to withdraw some older exhibits. Experience has shown
that these cases are not well adapted for large sheets, such as
maps, manuscripts and the like. I hope the future may bring
us one or two other cases specially planned for that purpose,
and so constructed that additions and withdrawals will be more
easily and quickly made than in the two cases we have. The
latter can then be reserved for the permanent exhibits exclusive-
ly, as intended.

In Oct. 1914, Gen. Joseph S. Smith gave to the Society a
most unusual and interesting collection of Civil War relics.
It consists primarily of a sample of all the various kinds of pro-
jectiles fired by the Confederate artillery during the war; or at
least as many varieties as were used around Petersburg during
the siege of 1864-65. Gen. Smith, at that time an officer in the
besieging force, had his orderly gather up one or more of every
sort of shot and shell that fell, to be boxed up and sent home to
Bath. Various other articles were added, such as small arms
captured on various fields of battle, ammunition cases of the
sort used in supplying infantry on the firing line, the General's
own saddle and medicine case, etc. The entire collection was
later brought to this city and remained in the General's home
on State Street till given to the Society.

On Feb. 1, 1915, the Executive Committee appointed a special
committee consisting of Gen. A. B. Farnham, Col. F. D. Pullen
and C. A. Flagg to provide a suitable case.

At its first meeting the Committee decided that collections
and objects too large for the cases in the History Room were
accumulating so fast that it was advisable to provide not merely
for the Smith collection but for other gifts already here or likely
to come in the near future — especially those of military charac-
ter. It further seemed proper in view of the Society's lack of
endowment and funds, and the public character of its purposes,
to ask the City government to make a grant to help us.

A petition was dra^vn up and presented by Alderman Youngs,
resulting in a resolve to appropriate $100, which became avail-
able in November. Meanwhile a rough plan of a case was
made and bids were invited, after discussion with members of
the Board of Managers of the Library had developed that

18 Bangor Historical Society

the present location was the only one available for the pur-
pose. The case, of oak and plate glass, with certain fittings,
etc., cost us about $150, the balance, $50, being made up by
individual subscriptions from our members.

Col. Pullen, to whose zeal and practical helpfulness we are all
deeply indebted, gave here his last service to the Society.
Mr. E. M. Blanding was appointed as his successor, and has
been particularly active in securing the necessary subscriptions.

The only part of the cabinet work now behind hand is the
labeling of a part of the contents of the new case on the lower
floor. As soon as all departments of the work are up to date
the Society should make an annual appropriation for the repair,
restoration and binding of such of its collections as require
attention.

The one need of today is the installation of two or three

electric lights in the ceiling of the new case.

Respectfully submitted,

Charles A. Flagg.
Bangor, Jan. 4, 1916.

KTAADN

PROFESSOR LUCIUS H. MERRILL
Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 191S

It may be asserted that every state in the Union possesses
some natural attraction more or less peculiar to itself. Our own
State is no exception to this rule. The beauties of our rugged
coast bring us thousands of visitors each year, while our
forests, lakes, and streams are never-failing attractions. But
Maine possesses another attraction, more distinctive still,
well-known, indeed, to the lumberman and hunter of central
Maine, but practically unknown to the greater mass of our
citizens and therefore scantily appreciated — our one great
mountain, Ktaadn.

Ktaadn's chief claim upon our attention is not its altitude,
which is over one thousand feet less than that of Mount Wash-
ington. It consists rather in its isolation, its abrupt slopes,
the sharpness of its curved crest, its remarkable basins, its
slides and the magnificent views to be had from its summit of
lakes, rivers, and wooded plains to the south, and the rugged
hills to the north and west.

The mountain is not, as sometimes pictured, a single peak,
although it may appear as such when viewed from certain
standpoints. On the contrary, it consists of a huge mass of
granite, some ten miles in length from north to south, and pre-
senting no less than five named summits and several lesser
peaks. The configuration of the mountain is peculiar and
difficult to describe without a diagram. The ridge or crest,
which may be considered as the backbone of the mountain, is
doubly crescentic, its outline suggesting a written capital E,
the two concavities opening to the north and east. These
enclosures are known as the North and South Basins, the latter
being by far the larger and more impressive.

The First and Second North Peaks mark the western boun-

20 Bangor Historical Society

dary of the North Basin. They are several hundred feet lower
than the more southern summits and require no special mention.
The highest point, known as West Peak, lies about midway of
the curved crest surrounding the South Basin. The first ascent
of the mountain of which we have record was made in 1804,
and the elevation of this peak was then estimated at not less
than 10,000 feet. In 1820, during the investigations incident
to the settlement of the northwestern boundary dispute,
Loring and Odell, representing respectively the United States and
Great Britain, from a series of barometrical observations calcula-
ted the height as 4685 feet above the waters of the West Branch
of the Penobscot at the mouth of the Aboljackarmegus, which
latter level they estimated at 650 feet. This would give a
total elevation of 5335 feet. In 1873 and again in 1874 Dr. M.
C. Fernald carried a mercury barometer to the summit and by
comparative readings computed the elevation at 5216 feet.
Dr. Fernald afterward made two more determinations of the
height of the mountain, concerning which he has recently
written:

"I find two determinations made later with the Repsold
vertical circle which I regard as more nearly accurate than
those given by the barometrical observations. The first was
made in November, 1878, with Orono, Houlton and Katahdin
the three points involved in the triangulation, and Orono the
station at which the readings of angular altitude were obtained.
The second was made in October, 1884, with Lincoln, Orono,
and Katahdin the three points in the spherical triangle, and
Lincoln the station at which the angular altitude of the summit
of the mountain was secured.

"The observations of 1878 reduced, gave the height of the
mountain at the base of the monument 5248 feet, and the
observation of 1884 reduced, gave the altitude 5272 feet. Re-
garding the observations as of equal weight and averaging the
figures, we have 5260 feet as the result of these two sets of ob-
servations. From later determinations made by other parties
and by other methods, I am satisfied that this result is very
nearly accurate."

More recently, a party under the direction of Professor H. S.
Boardman, by a triangulation and traverse survey, estimated

Ktaadn 21

the height at 5273 feet. ' It will be seen that Professor Board-
man's figures differ from the average of Dr. Fernald's later
work by only thirteen feet, a fact that would indicate that the
latter's conclusion as to accuracy is amply justified. It is
interesting to note that Dr. Fernald's latest figures and those
of Professor Boardman differ by a single foot and lack but
seven or eight feet of a mile. By mounting one of the three
stone heaps or "monuments" which mark the summit, the
ambitious visitor can boast that he stands a good mile above
sea level and that the whole population of Maine is below him.

About one-third of a mile to the east of the highest summit is
East Peak, eighteen feet lower than the first. The elevation
of these two points is so nearly the same that the unaided eye
is unable to decide which is the higher. By a curious optical
delusion, the point on which the observer stands always seems
the lower. Still farther to the east, forming the southeastern ex-
tremity of tiie mountain crest, is Pamola. Perhaps the wildest
part uf the mountain lies between these two latter sunnnits.
Professoi C. E. Hamlin, in his "Observations upon the Physical
Geograpli and Geology of Ktaadn," says that this particular
section p^v ;3i;uts "a savage and chaotic desolation that is probab-
ly without a j)arallel in Eastern North America." Between
East i'eak and Pamola occur a number of minor elevations
rising abruptly from the crest and termed the Chimneys. The
crest here is narrow, on one side falling off precipitously to the
floor of the Basin, 2000 feet below. So narrow is the ridge and
so abrupt the descent on either hand that one unaccustomed
to climbing might well feel a little timidity in its passage,
although under ordinary conditions it could hardly be con-
sidered dangerous.

From the West Peak the mountain drops off slightly to what
is termed the Tableland, a nearly plane surface inclining gently
to the northwcfct and covered with angular fragments of the
red granite of which the upper half of the mountain is com-
posed. This tableland is estimated to cover five hundred acres,
or nearly a square mile. Between the North and South Basins
there is a depression called the Saddle. From the lowest part
of this depression the descent into the Soutli Basin can be
readily accomplished, the trail for much of the distance follow-

22 Bangor Historical Society

ing a ravine which at certain seasons is said to be the bed of
a torrent. For the latter purpose it may serve very well,
but for a highway it is capable of improvement. If one is
camping in the Basin, this same ravine furnishes the most con-
venient route to the summit.

The South Basin is the most striking feature of Ktaadn,
In shape it is hke a horseshoe, its opening being to the north
and east. From its floor, strewn with masses of granite which
have been loosened by the frost and have fallen from the cliffs,
the mountain rises almost perpendicularly to the main summits,
2300 feet above. Near the center of the Basin is Basin Pond,
a shallow body of water, fed during the summer by almost daily
contributions of rain or melting snow. Its clear waters are as
cold as those of an arctic sea, a fact that may account for the
absence of visible life of any kind. In winter the snow is said
to accumulate here to a depth of eighteen or twenty feet.

Many years ago the Appalachian Club constructed a very
comfortable camp in the Basin, but it has long since disappeared,
either by fire or the slower process of decay. It is a fascinating
spot in which to camp. It is true the darkness comes early,
owing to the height of the western barrier, but the dawn is also
early, and the crest, when first tinged by the morning sun,
is worth going far to see. Good water, so often lacking in
camp, is abundant, while blueberries and highbush cranberries
are to be had in unfailing quantity. The drawbacks are the
frequent showers, the constantly shifting winds, and the cool
nights. One of the charms of camp life is a cheerful evening
fire. Here in the Basin it is impossible to escape the smoke
which pursues and finds j^ou out, however carefully you may
select your seat. The chill is due to the altitude and the short
daily exposure to sunlight. Frosts are not unusual h^re in
August and even the day temperature may at time suggest to
the visitor that he is in a sort of natural refrigerator.

The so-called "slides" of Ktaadn mark the paths of avalanches
and are visible from the south for many miles. The East Slide
starts from the east spur of Pamola and extends half a mile
down the slope, with an average inclination of about thirty
degrees. It is said to date from 1825. The Southwest Slide
was formed in the spring of 1816, the rocky debris that covered

Ktaadn 23

the mountain having been loosened by frost and heavy rains.
Beginning half a mile below the brow of the Tableland, the
avalanche swept down the mountain side, carrying everything
before it and cutting a wide swath through the forest below.
Its path is nearly four miles in length and in places two hundred
feet across. Through this rent in Ktaadn's mantle one can see
what lies below: granite, always granite, gray on the lower
slopes and red above. Owing to the scantiness of the remaining
soil, the vegetation thus removed has been slow in reasserting
itself, although it is gradually creeping up from the base.
Throughout its length this huge scar is strewn with rock frag-
ments of every size, up to that of a fair sized house. While
the pavement is irregular and the footing uneven, yet the
absence of the dwarfed and almost impenetrable growth that
characterizes the upper margin of the timber makes this a con-
venient route to the summit for those who approach by way of
the West Branch.

He who goes to Ktaadn should make provision against bad
weather, since he is almost sure to encounter it. Nearly every
published account of an ascent includes mention of rain, Jack-
son, Hitchcock, Thoreau, and Winthrop all sharing in this
experience. Some fifteen years ago a party of botanists spent
ten days on and about the mountain and they record that it
rained on every day but one. If the day seems to have passed
without the usual visitation, one may confidently look for at
least a shower at night. In fact, Ktaadn manufactures its own
weather and in doing so displays a marked predilection for
showers.

Twice it has been the writer's good fortune to be on the
summit on a perfect day, without a breath of wind and with no
clouds visible except those immediately over the mountain.
On these days the cloud factory was found to be in full opera-
tion. A thin wisp of vapor could be seen stealing up the side of
the mountain, thickening as it rose, and finally adding itself
to the overhanging canopy. In the meantime another new-
born cloud could be detected creeping stealthily up from

Note. In the picture on the opposite pa^e showing the East and West
Peaks of Ktaadn, the West Peak, or highest point, is shown upon the
right and is marked by stone heaps or monuments.

24 Bangor Historical Society

another direction. And so the process went on, the operation
being a continuous one. Apparently this is Ktaadn's way of
shielding his royal head from the too ardent rays of the summer
sun.

This process of cloud making is easily explained. The lower
slopes, exposed to the bright sun, become heated, and the warmth
is communicated to the air, which expands and rises. At a
greater altitude the air is cooled and condensation to clouds,
and in many cases rain, naturally follows. When one camps in
the Basin he encounters all sorts of home-brewed weather,
sometimes half a dozen distinct brands in a single day.

This little, shut-in part of the earth seems to be complete in
itself, and the meteorological conditions that prevail in the
outside world affect it but little. The dampness of the moun-
tain has a marked effect upon the vegetation, since flowers
flourish in the crevices between the rocks in the scantiest of
soils, where two consecutive days of drought would prove fatal.

When near the summit of the North Peak with a friend, it
was once my good fortune to encounter a thunder storm which
proved an interesting and almost terrifying experience. Ac-
companying each of the flashes — which seemed to come with
quite unnecessary frequency — there was a single sharp, ear-
splitting crack, the flash and report being simultaneous. For
some reason there was no roll or reverberation, dead silence
ensuing until the next flash. Probably the danger was no
greater than elsewhere; but it was difficult to rid the mind of
the impression that each bolt found its mark and that the rash
intruder into these upper realms was likely to prove the chosen
target.

The flora of Ktaadn is varied and interesting and one need
not be a botanist to see that it is out of the ordinary. The
lower slopes are densely wooded — or were until man elected
otherwise. Farther up, the trees assume a dwarfed aspect and
the climber suddenly emerges into the open where the eye
sweeps over and across the tops of the trees. Here the growth
is largely of black spruce and fir, often so stunted and abnormal
in aspect that the species is not readily determined. In the
depression known as the Saddle there are dense thickets of this
description, so scraggly and unyielding that it would be almost

Ktaadn 25

impossible to penetrate it if it were not for an occasional path,
said to be due to the passage of caribou. Whether these animals
actually make these tracks I cannot say, but no other explana-
tion of their existence seems to be forthcoming. It is certain
that they make use of them for I have several times picked up
their discarded horns in these paths. The trees are so unusual
in appearance and are so well described by Thoreau in his
"Maine Woods," that a brief quotation requires no apology.
He says, "I scrambled on all fours over the tops of ancient
black spruce trees, old as the flood, from two to ten or twelve
feet in height, their tops flat and spreading, and their foliage
blue and nipt with the cold, as if for centuries they had ceased
growing upward against the bleak sky , the solid cold. I walked
some good rods erect upon the tops of these trees, which were
overgrown with moss and mountain cranberries. It seemed
that in the course of time they had filled up the intervals be-
tween the huge rocks, and the cold winds had uniformly leveled
all over. Here was the principle of vegetation hard put to it."

"Old as the flood" is a slight exaggeration, yet it is true that
these trees are much older than their size would indicate. On
one occasion one of our party laboriously hewed down a small
tree about six feet in height and four inches in diameter at the
base. A section of the trunk was brought away and later cut
and smoothed so as to bring out more clearly the lines of annual
growth. On close examination these lines were found to
crowd each other so closely that an exact count was impossible.
By the use of a magnifying glass no less than one hundred and
forty-three rings were distinguished, thus proving that the
tree at the time of cutting was nearly a century and a half old.
In other words, it was a sturdy, though doubtless lowly
sapling, when John Hancock affixed his signature to the Declara-
tion of Independence.

Many of the plants found on the mountain are peculiar to
these altitudes or to cold and exposed situations. Here are
several species of Lycopodium or clubmoss not found elsewhere
in the State. The little mountain sandwort, Arenaria Groen-
landica, is abundant. So, too, is the mountain cranberry,
Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea, the berries of which are bitter when
raw, but cook to a most delicious sauce, serving admirably to

26 Bangor Historical Society

relieve the monotony of camp fare. A dwarf birch, Beiula
glandulosa, with round leaves the size of a penny, a vine rather
than a tree, runs around among the rocks as though seeking
shelter, as indeed it probably does. A species of saxifrage occurs
on the mountain that is not found elsewhere in Maine, although
found in Labrador and Greenland.

The arctic or alpine character extends to the minutest forms
of plant life. At the request of a friend interested in diatoms,
I once collected from the shallow water of a small lake near the
entrance to the South Basin a minute amount of the slimy cover-
ing of a submerged boulder, to the untrained eye as devoid of
life as the boulder itself. From this small gathering, less than
half a thimbleful, my friend separated and identified the
siliceous valves of no less than seventy-six species of diatoms,
a number of which were distinctly alpine.

The basins of Ktaadn naturally suggest volcanic craters, and
there are those who seriously entertain the proposition that
the mountain is an extinct volcano. Beyond the outward
configuration there is nothing to support such a theory, while
evidence of a contrary nature is full and conclusive. Nowhere
in the vicinity is there anything in the nature of the volcanic
ejectamenta of which volcanic cones are built up, neither lava
nor eruptive fragmental matters. The mountain consists
entirely of granite, a rock formed under conditions that are
quite foreign to surface eruptions. If the geologist were asked
to indicate that place in Maine where the earth's crust was
most likely to yield to the pressure of subterranean forces, he
would probably name this locality among the last.

Of the geological history of the mountain we know very little.
We do not know the source of the enormous force that pushed
the semi-fluid mass up through the older rocks, or the conditions
under which the pasty magma consolidated. No one has ever
seen, no one can ever see, a granite in the process of formation.
The stone bears internal evidence that it crystallized under
immense pressure and at great depth. The mountain owes its
present prominence not to any great upheaval, but to the
erosion of the softer overlying and surrounding rocks, and the
consequent exposure of the harder and more resistant core.

Ktaadn, however, furnishes valuable testimony which bears

Ktaadn 27

upon the Glacial Period. Geologists tell us that the whole of
New England as well as the country to the north was once
covered by an immense ice sheet, thousands of feet in thickness
and thousands of square miles in extent. This great mass
moved south with irresistible force, eroding, scoring, and
polishing the underlying rocks, carrying away the soil and de-
tached masses, filling up the old drainage channels and other-
wise greatly modifying the topography. The thickness of this
ice sheet has long been a disputed point among geologists, but
it is believed that the conditions then must have been very
similar to those prevailing in Greenland today. In Greenland
the ice sheet is not continuous, since the tops of the higher
mountains protrude through the ice. Did the summit of
Ktaadn escape, or was that also submerged?

This question has been ably discussed by Professor Tarr of
Cornell. On the surface of our more resistant rocks, and es-
pecially where the rocks have been protected by an overload
of earth, we often find the unmistakable evidences of glacial
action. The upturned edges of the shales, the prevailing rocks
of this vicinity, frequently retain these markings, even after
long exposure to the weather. But granite, although a harder
rock than shale, undergoes a comparatively rapid disintegration,
especially when exposed as on the upper half of Ktaadn. It is
not surprising, therefore, that this mountain retains no mark-
ings of this nature. It does, however, give us other information
bearing on this point.

In ascending the mountain by the Southwest Slide, one finds
in the debris of which the lower portion of the slide is composed
a great many fragments of rocks of a nature differing radically
from that of the mountain itself. As he goes higher he finds
the transported masses becoming less and less frequent and as
he approaches the summit it is only by careful search that
such foreign matter can be detected. Professor Tarr claims
that he has found drift boulders upon the very summit, a dis-

Note. The map shown on the opposite page is reproduced from a paper
by Professor C. E. Hamhn on "The Physical Geography and Geology of
Mount Ktaadn." (Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at
Harvard College, Vol. VII, No. V). The area included is about ten miles
from north to south and seven miles in width. The points of compass are
indicated by the names of the prominent features.

28 Bangor Historical Society

covery that in his opinion sufficiently proves that the ice of the
Glacial Period passed entirely over the mountain.

There are many routes by which one may reach and ascend
Ktaadn. I have approached the mountain a number of times
by way of Sherman Mills and have a lively recollection of the
roughness of the road and the chill of the Wissataquoik waters.
An easier and better route is by the West Branch. Leaving the
train at Norcross, the visitor maj' take the small steamer through
North Twin, Pemadumcook, and Ambejijis Lakes. From the
head of the latter lake one may proceed by the aid of a guide and
canoe up the West Branch to the mouth of the Aboljackamegus
Stream, from which point a blazed trail leads to the foot of the
Southwest Slide. Each route has its advantages, but the latter
affords many fine views that one does not get by the eastern
approaches. On the other hand, it requires the services of a
guide to pilot one through the dead waters and to assist at the
numerous carries.

The name of the mountain has suffered at the hands of
writers and map-makers. Ktaadn, Katahdin, Ktardn, and
Cathardin, have all been noted by the Avriter. Only the first
two are in use today and the second appears to meet with more
general favor. Nevertheless, there is so much to be said in
favor of the first that it has been used in this paper. The
word is from the Abnaki tongue and is said to signify "highest
land." As the Indians had no written language, the spelling
of their place-names is that of the early explorers, who, it may
be assumed, chose a combination of letters which represented
as nearly as possible the name as it sounded to them. In other
words, they spelled phonetically. Undoubtedly much of the
confusion which we find in the spelling of Indian words is due
to the fact that some of the early explorers were English, some
French, and some Dutch. In spelling phonetically, we can
readily understand how an Englishman might adopt a spelling
differing from that used by a Frenchman, since the letters in
their languages often have different values.

In looking up the scanty literature pertaining to the moun-
tain, it is noticeable that a large proportion of the earlier \vriters
used the spelling Ktaadn. Now this is an unusual sequence of
letters in any of the languages named and we can explain it

Etaadn 29

only by the phonetic theory. Evidently the Indians laid great
stress on what we may term the second syllable of the name and
very little upon the first and last. The following authorities
may be quoted among those who used this spelling:

Henry D. Thoreau in the "Maine Woods;" John S. Springer
in "Forest Life and Forest Trees;" Professor Ralph S. Tarr of
Cornell, in a "Bulletin of the Geological Society of America;"
Professor C. E. Hamlin of Harvard College, in a paper on the
"Geology of Mount Ktaadn;" William Willis and Judge C. E.
Potter, both considered high authorities in the Abnaki dialects:
J. Hammond Trumbull of Hartford, who has been termed
"the most eminent living authority on Indian dialects;" Dr.
C. T. Jackson, our first State Geologist; Moses Greanleaf, in
his map of Maine, 1829. In his "Survey of the State of Maine,"
Groenleaf adopts the second spelling and seeks to justify the
chaiiji' by the l.d. ;.... i., ilut while the Indian pronunciation
"would p bnhl^ t..- \,v\\iv expressed by the letters Ktaadn,
all in t.ne \>:- uith the sound of a as in father, yet the first

"is nt .a to 1.. J.. . .sible for organs accustomed only to English."
The longer ^\h ilmg has now become so general that it is to be
feareel that the I'Jphraimites will prevail, if for no better reason
than that they "cannot frame to pronounce it right."

We have in Ktaadn a great natural asset which has never
met the appr(>.ciation which it deserves. Some years ago the
Hon. Mr. Guernsey introduced a bill into Congress one purpose
of which was to include this mountain in a national forest re-
serve. Unhappily this end has not yet been accomplished.
That it will come some day cannot be doubted; but it should
come before the axe of the lumberman and the fires which too
frequently follow the axe shall have completed their work of
devastation. Maine is called the "Pine Tree State;" but how
many of us have ever seen a fully matured white i)ine, the glory
of the forest primeval, the "pumpkin pine" of the lumberman?
I have never seen it. I do not expect that my children or my
children's children will ever see it. It does not take long to
erect memorials in stone and bronze; but to restore a forest is
the work of generations. We can construct half a dozen Panama
Canals while a white pine is growing.

If Congress cannot be induced to act, why should not our

30 Bangor Historical Society

Legislature take action and create a state reservation? The
proposition has been widely discussed and the women's clubs
have done noble work in bringing the subject before the public.
But we must not stop here. The matter should never be
allowed to rest until it receives the attention which it deserves.
Nature has been generous to us; let us show ourselves worthy
of this great gift.

MOUNT KATAHDIN AS A NATIONAL PARK

— BY —

HON. FRANK E. GUERNSEY, M. C.
Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 1915

When your genial secretary, Mr. Blanding, invited me to attend
this meeting of your society and hear Prof. Merrill of the Uni-
versity of Maine speak on Mt. Katahdin, I gladly accepted, as
I have taken great interest in Maine's greatest mountain and
the region thereabout, which I hope and believe will eventually
be taken over by the federal government for forest reserve and
national p.irk purposes, in accordance with a measure I have
before Coii). . s,i to that end.*

I have hvii: (luply interested in what Prof. Merrill has stated
hon today jj-.jist Mt. Kjvtahdin and its surroundings, the
wui... .' .1 s(:<i., V of the region, its forest, innumerable lakes
and .-ta;.i. . Owing to Prof. Merrill's many ascents of the
mountain aiid explorations in its vicinity, his statements have
added interest and value, and they confirm all I have heard
about that section of our state. The professor is performing
important work in presenting the information he has gathered
to the public, which is already awake to the necessity of govern-
ment protection of the remnant of our forest and the opening
and preservation of a national breathing place. Combine the
forest reserve and national park ideas, and a double purpose
will be accomplished. Maine's future depends upon its almost
innumerable water powers, which may be converted into
electricity to move machinery and do the manufacturing of
the nation for all time. The continued value of the water
power will depend upon the maintenance of the flow of our
streams; preservation of our forests is absolutely necessary to

*0n the 17th day of April, 1916, Hon. Frank E. Guernsey, Member of
Congre88 from the Fourth District of Muine, reintroduced in thp e4th
Congreae the bill which was in the previous Congreee for the establish-
ment of a Mount Kutahdin National Park.

32 Bangor Historical Society

such maintenance. Our great rivers, the Penobscot and Ken-
nebec, can only be maintained through perpetuation of the
forests at the head waters of these rivers in the Mt. Katahdin
region.

Let the federal government take over such area for that pur-
pose, and a great work will be accomplished.

Let the territory so taken over be converted into a national
park and with its scenic points, lakes, streams and forest
made accessible to the public through the construction of roads
and trails, the benefit therefrom will be of incalculable value
for the present generation and the generations yet to come.
Such a park would draw to this state thousands of visitors an-
nually. It would be a place of recreation for camping and
fishing; a place where our people might seek out-of-door life
and health, free from the danger of being shot down by the
hunter's deadly rifle through being mistaken for a deer or
moose; a place where the wild life of our forest could retreat
and propagate their specie unharmed and thereby assure a
continuance of wild fowl, deer and moose in our state for all
time.

The federal government has already adopted the policy of
establishing forest reserves in the east. It has undertaken it
in the White Mountains and in the southern Appalachian
range. National parks to the number of fourteen have been
erected in fifteen states, all of them west of the Mississippi
river, but they are thousands of miles away from the great
centers of population in the east. The census of 1910 shows
that continental United States contained about 92,000,000
people. It also disclosed that two-thirds of that population
was east of the Mississippi river — that is, over 65,000,000, and
the greater proportion of that number are located along the
Atlantic seaboard, which in all human probabilities will con-
tinue to be the most densely settled portion of the United
States.

Only a limited number of these people have the opportunity
to visit the great national parks of the far west. Those visiting
these parks are individuals who have time and means to travel
long distances. Locate within the state of Maine a national
park, and it will be comparatively within easy reach of the

Mount Katahdin National Park 33

millions of people in eastern United States. In our state
is the last remnant of the virgin forest that once swept the whole
Atlantic coast. Something must, and will, in my opinion, be
done to preserve it.

ABORIGINAL AXES OF THE PENOBSCOT

— BT —

WALTER B. SMITH
Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 1915

In this region where the development of its natural resources,
or the destruction thereof — as you choose to view it — has so
largely depended upon the use of the lumberman's axe, it may
be of interest to note those earlier, local forms of this humble
instrument as made and used by our predecessors.

Here and there along the shores of the streams and rivers
and lakes of the Penobscot drainage system are occasionally
found large, deeply-grooved and roughly-sharpened imple-
ments of stone which we readily recognize as primitive axes of
the Indians.

They are by no means peculiar to the Penobscot nor to Maine,
but they vary greatly in abundance in different localities;
indeed, there are state-wide areas where no grooved stone axe
has yet been found. There is a great diversity too in their
sizes, forms, and in the rocks of which they are made. The
axes of one section of the country are generally found to possess
peculiarities which distinguish them from those of another
section.

Axes are not simple tools, like spall knives and hammer-
stones, as they required handles to make them complete and of
use but I do not know of any remnants of such handles having
been preserved or found. We may be able to form a good
general idea of the way they were attached but the details of
their lashings seem to be lost. Neither have I found in my
limited reading of old descriptions of this part of the country,
specific mention of stone axes, the way they were hafted, or
used.

One writer has pithily stated that the greatest difference
between iron axes and stone axes is that in the iron kind the

1762903

Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 35

handle goes through the axe; while in those of stone the axe goes
through the handle.

We naturally associate axes with lumbering operations and
wood chopping, but the idea of anyone ever felling large trees
with stone axes, has been questioned. We must remember,
however, that all our stone axes are surface finds, or such as
have been turned up by plows or very shallow excavating and
that after centuries of weathering which has destroyed all
traces of handles and even bit deeply into the stone itself, they
are far from the condition they were in when new.

Of course there was no call for extensive lumbering during
the stone age, but the inhabitants in this climate required much
wood for their fires; they used large logs for making into
dugouts, smaller ones for palisades; they had poles for wigwam
and canoe frames and for fish weirs; they needed various kinds
of wood for basket making, for snow shoe frames, for bows,
arrow stems, spear shafts and for paddles. As there was so
much need for both the cutting and splitting of wood it seems
probahio that stone axes were used for practically the same pur-
poses as modern ones, and that it was feasible for powerful men
expert in their use to chop down trees of any size, either with
or without ihc: aid of fire, and to split them as desired. No
doubt; iiHi, they were used to some extent in the killing of large
u ■ !s and at times sirved as battle-axes, but the larger ones
sctMu LOO unwieldy for quick action.

The Indians selected stones for axe-making from amongst the
numerous glacial boulders and cobble stones along the river.
They never used for this purpose flint and flint-like substances,
but took hard and tough rocks which could be chipped and
battered into shape and ground to a sharp edge. Certain fine-
grained diorites, diabases, andesites and other eruptive rocks
composed largely of intimate mixtures of hornblende, pyroxene,
and feldspar; and some of the complex metamorphic rocks
were preferred to those varieties made up either wholly or
mostly of quartz.

The average weight of local stone axes is not far from four
and one-half pounds; a few are twice as heavy, and one has been
found which weighs twelve pounds.

While both larger and smaller axes have been discovered

36 Bangor Historical Society

elsewhere I am not aware of an area of equal size where a greater
variety of rocks was used for making axes, or where more in-
teresting specimens have been found.

CLASSIFICATION.
Notwithstanding the great diversity of shapes observable in
Penobscot axes, they may be conveniently classified m four
groups, as follows:

(a) Chopping axes.

(b) Splitting axes.

(c) Notched axes.

(d) Peculiar forms.

Persistent variations from types, however, require the further
divisions of some of these groups into sub-groups.

This classification while mainly based upon the different ways
stone axes were grooved or notched for hafting also indicates to
some extent the purposes for which they are supposed to have
been used.

It will be noted that no hatchets, tomahawks, or celt-like
implements which lack characterizmg grooves or notches
are here considered.

At least ninety per cent of all our Penobscot axes may be
placed in the first two groups of this classification.
.,,iiiSpwTTiNG Axes.

, M examination of several hundred local stone axes shows
that about forty-five per cent of them are completely encircled
by a groove made at right angles to their longest diameters.
This groove is above the middle of the axe — sometimes, but
rarely, as near the poll as the middle. It is an inch or more
wide in most examples and from j to ^ inch deep across the sides
of the axe, but often twice as deep at the edges. The sharpened
edge is generally moderately thin, rather narrow and much
rounded at the corners.

The tops, or polls, usually show where chips and spalls have
been beaten off as though from heavy blows struck with a club,
or as if the axe-poll had been used as a maul. Such places
generally lack that bruised appearance which would result if
they had been pounded with a stone.

These axes form a distinct group; it embraces some of the

<

Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 37

largest specimens found and some of the crudest. Occasionally
a well-finished specimen is discovered, but generally little labor
has been expended in their shaping except for making the
groove and thinning the blade.

Figure 1 shows a splitting axe found at Ft. Hill, Veazie. It
is a little broader in proportion to its length than the majority
of specimens, but is, otherwise, typical of this group.
Chopping Axes.

The axes of this group are decidedly different from those
which we have called splitting axes. They average somewhat
smaller, are, as a rule, far better made and some are made of
finer-grained and harder rocks.

The groove extends across both sides and around one edge
only, but it seldom forms a right angle with the axe, being made
more or less oblique, so that when hafted,the blade "hangs in" as
wood cutters say. A characteristic feature is that the stone
has been worked down on each side of the groove nearly to the
depth of the groove itself, thus leaving prominent ridges parallel-
ing the groove and extending with it around the axe. The
poll is frequently carefully worked to a flattish, rounded cone
and seldom shows signs of rough usage.

These axes are somewhat narrower than splitting axes al-
though the cutting edge is somewhat wider, thus making them
nearer the shape of modern steel axes.

Figure 2 shows a deeply grooved axe of tliis class. It is
from Eddington.

Figure 3, an axe from Orono. It has evidently seen much
service and no doubt has been considerably shortened by suc-
cessive sharpening.

The so-called crooked axes would be placed in a sub-group.
These are rare. They are long, very narrow, and are longitudi-
nally curved.

Figure 4 is a very fine example. It was found on the Maine
State Hospital grounds in this city. A peculiar feature of this
axe is that the edge which would come next to the handle is
ground off smooth, presumably for the seating of a wedge be-
tween the axe-head and the handle.
Notched Axes.

These are not grooved but have mstead rather large rounded-

38 Bangor Historical Society

out notches on opposite edges near the poll. Just how they
were hafted and used is not clear. They are far from common
on the Penobscot and those found are rather small. The speci-
men shown, Figure 5, is from Veazie. They are sometimes
called Hoe-Axes.
Peculiar Forms.

The fourth group is intended to embrace all peculiar forms of
axes not heretofore included. This is a small group. The
few specimens I have seen belonging here owe their peculiarities
to the naturally odd shapes of the stones of which they were
made.

THE SITE OF AN AXE MAKER'S SHOP.

One of the most interesting features of searching for relics
left by the prehistoric races that have preceded us in this valley,
is, to me, in finding sites of their workshops; in gathering up
their partly-made artifacts; in tracing out the sources of their
raw material; in hunting up the tools they used, and in en-
deavoring to reconstruct their various manufacturing pro-
cobses. Places where chipped blades such as arrow points and
t]-ai''ieads have been fashioned are not uncommon and are
Well marked by great numbers of tell-tale chips and discards,
but the precise points where axes, celts, gouges, and a few other
classes of implements have been made are very rarely found.

Late last fall I was fortunate in locating a spot where some
unknown axe-maker had at some unrecorded time patiently
fashioned the materials of his craft. I think we may safely
say that they had trades then, as certain individuals would
acquire unusual skill along some lines and become, par excel-
lence, the arrow-makers, gouge-makers, or axe-makers of their
time and tribe.

This site is a few miles up the river from Bangor, or to be
exact, just below the Bangor Railway and Electric Company's
power plant at Veazie — just under the hill from the big sign-
board, reading "All Trespassing Forbidden," or something
similar. But the wording is unimportant as this warning wasn't
there when the axe-maker was.

A few rods below the power plant was formerly a large saw-
mill (carried away by the freshet of 1846) Below this mill

Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 39

site is a little bay worn out of the side of the bluff and locally-
known as "The Eddy." During the activity of the saw mill
the basin-bottom of the eddy became filled with water-soaked
sawdust, slabs and edgings. Later these became covered with
a rather thick stratum of sand.

The new dam of the power plant located differently from the
old one caused the swift water to flow into and clean out much
of the sand and mill debris from the bottom of "The Eddy" and
as the water shrank away with the drought, it became mostly
dry land. This is largely blue clay but with many rocks and
small boulders scattered about or in patches. Among these,
in an area of about 18 by 40 feet, were found various evidences
of this ancient axe-makers industry.

There was only one good axe in the lot; three others had
probably been completed but when found were so much
weathered, that it is difficult to say, if they had ever been quite
finished.

Besides these axes were several broken ones and more than
a dozen partly made axes, left at various stages of completion,
or abandoned because of unfortunate breaking of the stone.
There were eight or ten hammerstones of quartz-porphyry of
various sizes, used in shaping the axes and hollowing out the
grooves. There were several rubbing stones and whetstones
used in rubbing down and sharpening the blades. There was
also found here a piece of sandstone of good grit, which shows
much use. Its most interesting feature, however, is a groove
a little more than an inch across and which would seem to be
about the right size to rub down and smooth wooden handles
for the axes that were made here. There were also found chips
and spalls which had been knocked off in the process of axe
making, also an abundance of raw material — stones which had
been piled up here for future use.

Figure 6 shows the beginning of an axe. It is simply a round-
ed, oblong, flattish glacial-ground and water-worn stone that
approached the tool maker's idea of what an axe should look
like. It shows very little of man's work. He knocked off a
few spalls to test its soundness and quality: he hammered it
a little where the groove should start, but this is all. Perhaps
he intended to finish it later, but the worked places are old and

40 Bangor Historical Society

weathered, the axe-maker is dead and gone and the world has
now no use for stone axes however fine their finish. Several
of the other examples were discarded for more obvious reasons —
mostly on account of flaws or breaks. A few were nearly finished
but set aside for no apparent cause. One specimen shows a
deep groove on one face, extended into a notch at the edge and
carried across the other face nearly to the opposite edge before
the work stopped. We may conjecture that the workman's
thoughts were elsewhere as he pecked away at this groove, and
his disgust at finding that the ends would not meet, as he had
worked this groove obliquely on one face and straight across
on the other.

The sequence of work seems to have been: first, a very little
preliminary chipping, more, I judge, to test the grain of the
rock than to shape it, as in some cases only one or two chips
were removed — sometimes even this was omitted; second,
making the groove; third, spallmg and chipping off as much
surplus material as safety permitted; fourth, shaping it with
hammer-stones; fifth, grinding down and smoothing the blade
with rubbing-stones and sharpening its edge with whetstones.
After this would follow the hafting.

I have profound respect for the product of this old-time
tool-maker, but I fail to see his reason for completing his groov-
ing before he blocked-out or rough-shaped his axes.

Considering the evidence offered by all these tools and frag-
ments it seems certain that in this curve of the bluff and close
to the water's edge we have a location where genuine, hand-
made, Penobscot, stone axes were once manufacturedrrrr-the first
plant, so far as the writer knows, established for this purpose
on the river.

SUCCESSOR OF THE STONE AXE.

It would be interesting to know just when the first iron axes
were brought to the Penobscot — and by whom. There are
some indications that point to a time considerably earlier than
Champlain's visit in 1604, but positive proof is lacking.

It has been mentioned that stone axes are surface finds.
I am unaware of a single grooved or notched stone axe ever
having been recovered from a grave. This seems strange, as

Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 41

these places are the repositories of our most perfect and best
preserved reUcs, and but for this single exception, all classes
of stone tools, weapons, and implements have, I believe, been
found therein. It seems strange, too, that iron axes should be
the first, or among the very first, articles of European manu-
facture to be included with native work in graves of the earliest
historic times on this river. Such burial places are occasionally,
accidentally discovered. One in Orono, revealed by a crumbling
river bank, contained three iron axes that had been severally
and carefully wrapped in birch bark. A grave in Winterport,
found in the same manner contained one. Others have been
found at Sandy Point, and elsewhere along the river.

These early, iron axes are not, however, confined to graves
as they have been found in various other places. They are
sometimes called ringed axes, as they were finished at the top
with an eye or socket for the handle. They had no poll. They
are generally supposed to be of French make and most of them
may be, but a few show a trade-mark that is said to be traceable
to Utrecht.

A BELL

— BY —

JAMES H. CROSBY
Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, October 19th, 1915

In a copy of the Bangor Weekly Register, dated Saturday,
November 16, 1816, occurs the following:

"In July last Benjamin Bussey, Esq. of Boston, presented to
the first Congregational Society in Bangor, a Bell for their
meetinghouse.

"The bell was cast by Col. Paul Revere, weighing 1095 pounds
and was raised to the Belfry in Bangor in July.

"Its sound, in favorable weather, distinctly fills a circle of
twelve miles diameter.

"Travelers remark that it affords a better sound than is com-
mon, and similar to that of bells most approved of.

"The Selectmen of Bangor embrace your paper as a medium
through which respectfully and publicly to acknowledge the
favor done said inhabitants by the generous Donor, and to ex-
press their gratitude to him for his liberal present.

"Bangor, Feb. 15."

The paragraphing, punctuation, and capitalization of the
above are carefully copied from the old paper.

Several points invite remark.

1. The Date.

The paper is dated in November, 1816. But the article as
to the bell is dated February 15. In another part of the paper,
we learn that "the articles in this paper are selected from
various numbers of the files for 1815 and 1816, as will be seen
by the matter itself." Assuming that the February referred to
is February, 1816, it would appear that the bell was raised to the
belfry in July, 1815.

2. The Recipient.

Mr. Loomis had been settled, so far as the agreement for
salary was concerned, by the Town of Bangor. And the Town

Paul Revere Bell, Bangor, 1815-1911.

A BeU 43

continued to be the paymaster for a number of years. As late
as 1822 they voted an appropriation for the purpose, but, I
believe, did not actually raise the money. Yet here, away
back in 1816, we find reference to a First Congregational Society,
having a sufficient existence to receive a present of a bell. It
rather seems as if the Society had come into existence early, and
gradually came to take the place of the Town in relation to the
minister, the separation not being complete before the twenties.
Of course the Society is not to be confounded with the Church
which existed from November 1811. But while the bell is said
to be given to the First Congregational Society, it is the Select-
men of Bangor who appear as thanking the donor for the gift.
This is all the more appropriate in view of the place in which it
was first installed, and the uses to which, doubtless, it was put.

3. The Place.

We are told that Mr. Bussey gave this bell* to the First
Congregational Society "for their meetinghouse." In what
sense had they a meetinghouse at this time?

In this very newspaper appears a petition to the Massachu-

*Paul Revere is best known to fame for his ride to warn the patriots of
the British march to Concord in 1775. But he was a versatile genius;
early a silversmith of note, a copper plate engraver, commander of artillery
in the disastrous Penobscot expedition against Castine in 1779 (where his
conduct was severely criticized terminating his active military
service) and finally proprietor of a foundry which manufactured bells for
about 40 years beginning 1792, the business being continued after his death
in 1818 by his son, Joseph W. Revere.

A record of bell sales has been preserved and forms the basis of a lengthy
article printed in the "Essex Institute Historical collections" vols. 47 and
48, 1911-1912.

From this it appears that the above Bangor bell was No. 146 in the series
of 398 bells manufactured by the firm, the date of sale was June 8, 1815
and weight 1068 pounds. Eleven earUer bells had been sold 1793-1808
for the following Maine towns: Hallowell (3 bells), Portland, Falmouth,
Thomaston, Augusta, Castine, Wells, Bath and Farmington. Several
others were sold later in Maine, including No. 360, 1326 pounds, Aug. 28,
1828, to M. Bussey, Bangor. This must have been intended to read "Mr.
Bussey," as the records of the First Baptist church of Bangor show that a
Paul Revere bell was presented in 1828 by Benjamin Bussey and John K.
Boyd. This is the bell of the old First Baptist church, also deatroyed in
the fire of 1911. About 100 pounds of its metal were saved and used
in the making of the new bell now in the new First Baptist edifice on
Center St.

44 Bangor Historical Society

setts General Court to authorize the carrying out of an agree-
ment entered into in 1812, for the conveyance of a lot, a half
acre more or less, being substantially the lot where the City
Hall now stands, bounded on three sides by Hammond, Main,
and Columbia Streets. The agreement to convey had been
entered into by Charles Hammond, who was himself also one
of the company whose members were to receive the conveyances
but he had died before it was completed. The object was the
"providing a permanent establishment for a court house and
a temporary place for public worship." The building had been
erected at the time of the petition. It was, I take it, the City
Hall of my early childhood. In the forties, I think, it was
somewhat reconstructed, and in the nineties moved off to make
room for the present City Hall. It served then in 1815 as a
"temporary place for worship," and had done so since, I believe,
1813; (See History of Penobscot County.) Into the belfry
of this building then the bell was raised, and there staid till,
as I suppose, it was transferred to the new wooden meeting-
house on Broadway in 1822.

Leaving now all connection with the old newspaper, we note
that the bell — the same bell, I suppose, — passed through the
fire which consumed the wooden edifice on Broadway in 1830.
After the fire it is said to have been recast, with additional
metal. A vote of thanks to Mr. Bussey passed by the Parish
in 1831, seems to imply that the recasting, as well as the original
bell, was his gift. It remained with no greater vicissitude than
a transfer from the west to the east end of the building when
the latter was reconstructed in 1859 — until the conflagration of
1911. Mr. Blanding tells me that a considerable fragment f has
finally been secured for the Bangor Historical Society.

tThis fragment which consists of one fourth of the rim, weighing perhaps
150 pounds was taken to the storehouse of N. H. Bragg and Sons after the
fire, and turned over to the Society Oct. 1915, by Mr. Fraakhn E. Bragg,
bearing No. 882 in our record book of cabinet accessions.

PETER EDES AND THE DeBURIANS

— BY —

WILFRID A. HENNESSY
Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, October 19th, 191S

The one hundredth anniversary of the publication of the
initial issue of Bangor's first newspaper, the Bangor Weekly
Register, by Peter Edes, will fall on Thursday, November 25th.
Because of this anniversary and the fact that The DeBurians
published the first and only biography of Peter Edes I have
been asked to present this paper at this meeting of the Bangor
Historical Society.

The DeBurians was the name of a small club of Bangor men
interested in books. It was organized at my home one evening
in June, 1900, by the late Mr. Samuel L. Boardman, Mr.
William Otis Sawtelle, Mr. Charles F. Kennedy and myself.
The objects of The DeBurians of Bangor were: The holding of
social meetings to talk about books, the reading of papers by
its members with discussions of the same, and the printing of
occasional books in limited editions.

The name has frequently aroused curiosity. Richard
Aungervyle, the son of a knight of the same name, was born
January 21, 1287, in Bury St. Edmonds, Suffolk, and took the
name of the town of his birth. Following the completion of
his studies at Oxford he entered upon the life of a religious as
a member of the Order of St. Benedict. He was chosen tutor
for the Prince of Wales, afterward Edward III, and in 1327 when
his former pupil ascended the throne Richard de Bury was
honored by successive appointments as cofferer to the king,
treasurer of the wardrobe and keeper of the great seal. After
the satisfactory conclusion of a visit to the Holy See as a special
ambassador from his sovereign during which de Bury formed his
friendship with the great Petrarch he was made lord treasurer
and in 1334 was consecrated Bishop of Durham. He was sent
on other embassies to the continent and it was during these

46 Bangor Historical Society

trips that he began the collection of his library which became
the most famous in England. The 58th anniversary of his
birth, January 24, 1345, saw the completion of his immortal
Philobiblon, the first treatise on the love of books, and this,
too, was the valedictory of his active and varied career for his
death occurred on April 14, 1345, less than three months later.
Despite the fact that The Philobiblon is the most famous classic
of its kind and notwithstanding the multiplicity of book clubs,
so far as recorded, The DeBurians was the first organization to
do honor to the memory of Richard de Bury. Dibdin, in his
Bibliomania in 1809 said: "I am rather surprised that a de
Bury Club has not yet been established by philobiblists as he
was undoubtedly the founder of the order in England." I may
add that when the choice of name was made for The DeBurians
we did not know of Dibdin's suggestion.

The club's first season was signalized by a visit to Dover to
see the collection of Judge Edgar C. Smith and a two days'
trip to Portland to visit the libraries of Mr. Thomas B. Mosher,
the publisher, and the late Hon. Charles F. Libby. Fortnightly
meetings were held during the winter of 1900-1 and the papers
were read by the late Mr. Charles E. Bliss, by Mr. Boardman,
by Mr. Sawtelle by the late Prof. John S. Sewall and Prof. O. F.
Lewis, then a member of the faculty of the University of Maine.

The season of 1901-02 was ushered in by an autumn trip to
Rockland where The DeBurians were entertained by Mr.
William O. Fuller and the late Hon. Charles E. Littlefield. At
Mr. Littlefield's home, the Twelve Mo Club, an organization
not unlike The DeBurians, was invited to meet the Bangor
delegation. On the following day a visit was made to the
splendid library, now dispersed, of the late Judge J. B. Steams
in Camden.

On the evening of October 17, 1901, a supper was held attend-
ed by nine members of the club to mark the appearance of the
first publication of The DeBurians. This was the book en-
titled, Peter Edes, Pioneer Printer of Maine, a Biography, and
His Diary While A Prisoner by the British at Boston in 1775
with the Journal of John I.each Who Was a Prisoner at the
Same Time. The first publication was written and edited by
the late Mr. Samuel Lane Boardman who was the club's only

The Peter Edes Press.

From phulo in Bangor Public Library.

Peter Edes and the DeBurians 47

president. For a Maine book club, the only organization in
the state conducted on lines similar to the Club of Odd Volumes
in Boston, the Acorn Club in Hartford and other book clubs,
it seemed to be singularly appropriate that it should lend its
efforts to perpetuating the name of Peter Edes who surely de-
serves a prominent place in the roll of pioneers.

In order that Peter Edes may get his share of this paper I
will conclude my narrative of The DeBurians by adding that
before the club passed out of existence three more publications
were issued: The First Year Book of The DeBurians of Bangor,
Maine, Moses Greenleaf, Maine's First Map-Maker, 1902,
written and edited by Judge Edgar C. Smith, and the Revo-
lutionary Journal of Col. Jeduthan Baldwin, 1775-1778, edited
with a memoir and notes by Thomas Williams Baldwin in 1906.
These books, issued in limited editions, were widely circulated
in this country and among collectors in England. They evoked
many favorable reviews and comments and because of the
character of the contents and the excellence of the typographical
appearance directed highly desirable and complimentary atten-
tion to Bangor.

Among the out-of-town men who addressed the club were
Mr. Thomas B. Mosher of Portland, Mr. William 0. Fuller
and Hon. William T. Cobb of Rockland, the late Edward W.
Hall, librarian of Colby college, the late Hon. Oliver G.
Hall of Augusta and Professor Lewis and Professor Chase of
the University of Maine.

The members of the club from first to last were Mr. Samuel
Lane Boardman, Mr. WilUam Otis Sa\vtelle, Mr. Charles F.
Kennedy, Mr. Wilfrid A. Hennessy, Mr. Charles E. Bliss,
Judge Edgar C. Smith, Gen. Charles Hamlin, Mr. Frederic H.
Parkhurst, Mr. Frank H. Damon, Mr. Bartlett Brooks, Mr.
James Brooks and Rev. Charles A. Moore. The late Prof.
John S. Sewall was the first honorary member of the club.
He attended the meetings almost regularly and each year
presented a delightful paper.

Peter Edes, the first important figure in the early history of
printing in Maine, was the son of Benjamin Edes, a foremost
journalist of the American Revolution, who, in 1775, began
business with John Gill in Boston as publishers of the Boston

, .;--.y.Rq

48 Bangor Historical Society

Gazette and Country Journal, the first number of which was
published by Edes & Gill on April 7 of that year. BothEdes
and Gill were ardent patriots and enthusiastically espoused the
cause of the colonies. Their office was the rendezvous of
distinguished political writers and publicists and later the
Boston Gazette became the great organ of the Revolutionary
party. The elder Edes and his partner had the vicissitudes
common to the leaders in the patriotic cause of the colonies.

Peter Edes was born in Boston, December 17, 1756, and when
a boy in his teens while learning his trade in his father's office
came to know Adams, Hancock, Otis and Warren and from
them imbibed patriotism and love of liberty. When he was
19, two days after the battle of Bunker Hill, June 19, 1775, he
was seized by the British charged with "having firearms con-
cealed in his house" and thrust into prison where he. was con-
fined until October 3. Following his release, until October
1784, he was a member of his father's firm. On November 1,
1784 he announced his withdrawal and immediately opened
a job-printing office. Among his publications was a volume
of patriotic orations. Edes considered settling in Portland
but after two years or more he went to Newport, R. I. and on
March 1, 1787, his name appears as the printer of the Newport
Herald. The paper was suspended in 1791 and Edes returned
to the printing business in Boston.

Before long Edes again turned his thoughts toward Maine.
He had already considered Portland but he decided upon the
village which is now Augusta as the more favorable location.
The first number of the Kennebec Intelligencer was published
by Peter Edes on November 14, 1796. On October, 1800, the
name was changed to the Kennebec Gazette; On September
11, 1801, the name was again changed to Edes' Kennebec Gazette
this heading being used until April 21, 1803, when it was again
changed. The name Edes was dropped and between the
words "Kennebec" and "Gazette" in the heading was placed
the vignette of the arras of the United States. On February 13,
1810, another title was adopted, the new one being "Herald of
Liberty" and this was continued until the autumn of 1815,
when Edes removed to Bangor. There were othor new«*papors
in the Kennebec district and the arrival of printers with better

Peter Edes and the DeBurians 49

equipment prompted Edes to look for a new location. After
twenty years on the Kennebec he decided to seek new fields
and following correspondence with prominent Bangor men,
determined upon location of a paper in this city. The Edes
press and printing oufit came to Bangor by ox-team. It weighed
four tons and owing to the weakness of the Kennebec bridge it
was taken over in several lots. The trip to Bangor was not
easy and required three weeks for coming and the return.
Bangor at this time had about 1000 inhabitants.

The first number of the Bangor Weekly Register was pub-
lished Saturday, November 25, 1815.* The sparsely settled
community did not offer a very substantial return to the news-
paper publisher and in the Register of August 23, 1817, Edes
published his farewell announcement in these words:

"The proprietor of the Bangor Weekly Register avails him-
self of the last number to bid adieu to his patrons and friends.
Two years have nearly elapsed since its first establishment;
and although he has occasionally appeared to complain of want
of patronage and punctuality, yet he now feels a pleasure in
acknowledging that for such a period of profound peace and
tranquility throughout the world, the paper has received a
decent support."

The Edes printing office was located on the present site of
The Rines Company, 43 Main Street, and he lived in a house
numbered 23 Ohio Street, the present residence of Mr. A. H.
Babcock. After his withdrawal from the newspaper field Edes
continued to live in Bangor. His death occurred on March

*In observance of the 100th anniversary of the appearance of the first
issue of the Bangor Weekly Register, a Newspapermen's Dinner was held
at the Bangor House, Satui-day evening, November 27, 1915. The com-
mittee of arrangements was composed of Mr. Wilfrid A. Hennessy, Mr.
Oscar A. Shepard and Mr. .John P. Flanagan. The spoakcrs were Mr.
Robert Lincoln O'Brien, editor of the Boston Herald, Mr. Arthur G. Stap-
les of the Lewiston Journal, Mr. George W. Norton of the Portland Even-
ing Express, Mr. Frederick G. Fassett of the Watcrville Sentinel, Mr.
Oliver L. Hall of the Bangor Commercial, Prof. Roland P. Gray of the
University of Maine and others. The menu card contained a sketch of
Peter Edes, a picture of his press, reproductions of the titles of the Bangor
Weekly Register, and the two Bangor daily papers of today- the Bangor
Daily News and the Bangor Daily Conuneicial — and a list of papers pub-
lished in Bangor from the first down to the present.

5? Bangor Historical Society

29, 1840, at the age of 83 years and he was buried in the Sargent
lot at Mt. Hope, his grave being marked by a plain marble
headstone.

THE FIRST BANGOR CITY HALL

HARRY J. CHAPMAN, ESQ.
Delivered at the Annixal Meeting, January 4th, 1916

The First, or Old Bangor City Hall, better known in early
days as the Court House, stood on a part of Lot No. 70, Hol-
land's plan, one hundred acres west of Kenduskeag stream,
now covered by the greater part of Ward Two.

This lot of land passed by assignment from Robert Hich-
born, one of the original petitioners for land in 1795, to Captain
William Hammond, March 11, 1802, and later to his son,
Charles, for whom Hammond street is named. Lot No. 11,
on the east side of the stream, was owned by Captain James
Budge.

The building, substantially as known to many of us, was
erected in the summer of 1812, at the corner of Main and Ham-
mond streets, fronting West Market Square that had not then
been filled in, reached by a long flight of plank steps, with a
lawn in front, and no other buildings in its immediate vicinity.
Its frame was of hewed pine timber; a small belfry was erected
on its front, and as it sat up on a bank, it presented a fine ap-
pearance.

For nearly thirty years the settlers had no title to their lands,
and each located where it pleased him best; but under date of
November 23d, 1795, twenty two of them petitioned the
General Court, praying that all who had settled before January
1, 1784, might have their titles confirmed. Captain Ham-
mond was delegated to urge the petition, and allowed forty
dollars for expenses. But it was not until March 5, 1801, that
their prayer was granted, and all of those who had settled prior
to 1784 were granted one hundred acres on payment of five
dollars; those who had settled between that date and 1798 were
granted one hundred acres on payment of one hundred dollars.

In 1800 the population was two hundred and seventy seven.

52 Bangor Historical Society

They were very poor. It was a backwoods settlement up a
lonely river, There were nineteen dwellings, four shops, four
tanneries, six grist mills, one hundred and eleven acres of mow-
ing lands, one hundred and fifteen of meadow, thirty three of
pasture, three horses, fifty three oxen, sixty three cows, forty
two swine.

The business centre was about Crane's ferry, now the site of
State street bridge. Here were the stores, wharves, the stream
forming the port. There were few streets. Broad, Main,
Central and Exchange streets were open to the stream, with
narrow trails following the margin.

After the settlement of the land titles, the growth became
rapid, and many buildings were erected. Main and Water
streets were laid out in 1802 and the Hatch House built at the
corner of Main and Cross streets, a square, flat roofed wooden
building that sat back some forty feet from the street, reached
by two flight of stairs, each having fourteen steps. The
American House was built on Newbury street, about the same
time, A brick school house was built in 1802 at the corner of
Union and First streets, and the next year another, at the
corner of Pine and State streets, having a belfry and bell. All
about it was open field. Broad street was laid out in 1806
and Charles Hammond laid out West Market Square that he
donated to the town. A road run to Hampden, and one to
Orono, following the old Indian trail along the river.

By 1810 Bangor was a sizable village of eight hundred and
fifty inhabitants. Its growth had been rapid during the last
ten years, and the need of a public building was urgent. They
had no meeting house, and met in private houses for religious
services.

At this time every citizen was required to pay taxes, or be-
long to some religious society, and in 1812-13 there was filed with
the town clerk a list of some fifty names of the religious society,
"called the Methodists."

Religious meetings were held in Union Hall, at the foot of
Exchange street, over the stores of Rice and Crosby and Bart-
lett and Newman; but in October, 1812, the town voted to
worship in the building erected on Main street.

In 1812, Captain Charles Hammond, who commanded the

The First Bangor City Hall 53

Bangor Light Artillery at the Battle of Hampden, divided the
City Hall lot into sixty shares and associated with him others
for the erection of a public building.

The company tendered the use of the buildings, when it
should be completed to the town for the term of three years or
more for public worship free of expense. The town voted to
accept it "so soon as the proprietors shall, on their own ex-
pense, have rendered the same convenient for meeting therein
for public worship, provided the said building be finished as
aforesaid, within one year from the date hereof."

The building when finished was viewed with pride and ad-
miration we may well believe, and for nearly eighty years was
the chief centre of our social and civic life. Generation after
generation found their amusements within its walls, and it was
the scene of many notable court trials and great pul^lic meetings.

In July, 1815, Benjamin Bussey gave to the First Congre-
gational Society a fine-toned bell cast by Paul Revere, weighing
ten hundred and ninety five pounds that was placed in the
tower of the new building. "Its sound in favorable weather
fills a circle twelve miles in diameter." The Selectmen appoint-
ed a bell-ringer, and it was thereafter rung at stated hours.

The building was occupied as a place of worship until April
27, 1817, when it was leased to the county of Penobscot for a
court house, Bangor having been made a half shire town with
Castine in 1814. Deeds were now recorded in Bangor. On
Feb. 15, 1816, the northerly part of Hancock county was in-
corporated as the county of Penobscot, Bangor, the shire town,
and the first term of the Court of Common Pleas for the Third
Circuit was held in the building, July 2, 1816.

Present: Hon. William Crosby, of Belfast, Chief Justice.

Martin Kinsley of Hampden, and James Campbell, of Harring-
ton, associates.

Crier, James Poor, Bangor.

Sheriff, Gen. Jedediah Herrick, Hampden.

Clerk, Thomas Cobb, Bangor.

County Attorney, Jacob McGaw, Bangor.

Lawyers: Oliver Leonard, David Perham, Brewer; Allen
Gilman, Jacob McGaw, Sanuuil E. Duttou, Thomas A. Hill,
William D. Williamson, Bangor; John Godfrey, George T.

54 Bangor Historical Society

Chapman, Hampden; Samuel M. Pond, Bucksport; and Philo
H. Washburn, of Frankfort.

The docket contained fourteen cases.

During the British occupation in 1814 it was used as a
barracks, but no particular damage was done. In 1822 the
First Parish Church was built on Broadway, and the bell was
removed.

At the March term of the court, Jedediah Herrick, Moses
Patten and Joseph Treat were authorized to contract for the
building of a jail of wood, well secured Avith iron, and a thousand
dollars was appropriated for that purpose. It was erected in
front of the present court house, rebuilt of granite, 1831.

On December 14, 1825, the building was sold to the county for
a court house, and on April 17, 1831, the county sold it back to
the city for a city hall, reserving the right to use it for eighteen
months, or until the new court house was ready for use.

By order of the court in 1831, John Godfrey, County
Attorney, was appointed to sell the old court house, which led
to the above transfer, and Thomas A. Hill, John Godfrey and
Thornton McGaw, were appointed a committee for building a
new court house, that cost twenty thousand dollars.

On the building of the new court house, Hammond street,
then very steep, was graded down and the earth spread over
West Market square and Broad streets, that before, were often
flooded during high tides. In 183G Court street was graded,
and more earth was spread over the doAvn town streets, bringing
them to grade.

Very early, the proprietors of the building had trouble with
the land owners in front who begun to erect buildings, and it
was not many years before it was entirely shut out from the
square, and reached by a narrow passageway.

In 1850 it was turned round and moved to its location on
Columbia street, lengthened some thirty feet, enlarged and re-
paired. The basement was fitted up for a police station with
a few cells, strongly secured with iron bars. The ground floor
was used for offices, police court room for some time, and
quarters for the city council. The upper story was used for
a public hall.

The main entrance was on Columbia Street. In front was a

ThelFirstBangorjCity HaU 55

large entry, on each side of which were broad stairs that led to
the entry and hall above. From this last entry, stairs built
over the ones below, led to the galleries. At the end opposite
the entry was a large stage, with galleries all around, except
over the stage. The hall was plastered and painted, bare and
undecorated. The police station was reached by the present
alleyway, and also by a stairway to the floor above.

Between the building and Hammond street was a spacious
lawn, surrounded by a wooden fence, the top covered with
sharp pointed iron, that was uncomfortable for loafers. In the
centre of the lawn, in recent times at least, was a large flower
bed. The building was shingled, clapboarded, and painted in
color that pleased the mayor who ordered it done.

In 1850 the population was over fourteen thousand; its
growth during the last twenty years had been remarkable.
Great lumber mills had been erected on the river where thousands
of men were employed; the harbor was crowded with shipping,
the streets thronged with river drivers, woodsmen and sailors.
It was the liveliest and most enterprising city in New England.

Lower Broad street that already had a number of large brick
buildings ceased to be the business centre, and Exchange, Main,
and State streets, were built up substantially as we have them
now.

In 1855 Norombega hall was built, and the old city hall
ceased to be the scene of attraction. About this time Acadian
hall, in Circular block was built, and other smaller halls.

Some time in the seventies a small brick building was erected
for a hose house, next south of the city hall ; but was later taken
as a police station and police court room, the latter in the upper
story.

In 1892-3 came the memorable struggle for a new city hall,
which rapidly ripened, and the corner stone was laid in 1893
with elaborate ceremonies.

April 23, 1893, the city council voted to move the old build-
ing across the street on the Adams lot, preparatory for the new
work, the job being done by Mr. Luce, of Waterville. It was
occupied for a year or more on its new site for city purposes.

May 3d, 1893, it was voted to remove the brick building used
by the police, and aa a police court room.

56 Bangor Historical Society

The city council also appointed Councilman Parkhurst,
Alderman Earle and City Clerk Brett a special committee to
prepare and submit a brief historical sketch of the old city
hall. The committee have not as yet reported.

June 6, 1894, it was voted to tear down the old city hall
building, and erect it back of the city stables, where it is now
occupied as a storehouse and armory.

June 12, 1894, voted to sell the old furniture that is not fit
for the new city hall.

SUMMARY

1812, building erected and called the Court House.

April 24, 1817, leased to the county of Penobscot for a court
house.

December 14, 1825, sold to the county for the above purpose.

April 17, 1831, sold to Bangor for a city hall.

1850, moved, fronting Columbia street, turned round and
enlarged.

1894, torn down, and rebuilt back of City stables off Court
street.

Size of building, forty by eighty feet, and three stories high.

The second bell is now in the attic of the Ward 4 hose house.

OLD CITY HALL SONG

Adapted from "The Brave Old Oak" and sung by E. F. Duren on the
Occasion of the Enlarged and Remodelled Bangor City Hall 1849

A song for the Hall, the brave old Hall,

That has breasted the tempests long;
Here's endless renown to its bald old crown,

And its many timbers strong;
What life in its looks! to church going folks

When the bell in its steeple rang,
And the bright sun shone in the days by-gone

And birds on the Sabbath sang.
Then sing to the Hall! the brave old Hall,

That stood in its glory alone
With front sublime, defying time,

When its neighbors all are gone.

In the days of old when the sun with gold

Was lighting its roof so gay,
Through its doors broadfold, passed the young and old

On the nation's holiday,
And maidens so fair breathed the soft air

And laughed with frolicsome swains —
They are gone, — they are dead, in the graveyard laid,

But the Hall it still remains.
Then sing to the Hall! &c.

It sees the new times, and this evening's chimes

Are a merry sound to hear.
And tho' the Brave Hall has grown so tall

It ever to us is dear.
Now numbers have come — they inust have room,

And on the Old Hall agree —
So have stretched it out long, and made it strong,

For the wonderful times to be,
Thensing to theHall!&c.

DONATIONS

April 30, 1911— December 31, 1915

The Society is trying to keep a complete record of its acces-
sions in books provided for that purpose. Here the articles are
listed in the briefest possible form. The books and other
printed matter are as yet unarranged; but the material for the
cabinet has been carefully assorted and a large part of it dis-
played in our exhibition cases, with suitable labels. As these
cases have become full it has been found necessary to remove
and store many articles in the drawers below the cases or else-
where.

Gifts are here arranged by years; each year's record being
opened by a paragraph of gifts from unknown sources. A
few were actually given anonymously, but in many cases, es-
pecially before the Society had a permanent home, labels be-
came lost or misplaced. Anyone who can identify one or more
of these gifts from unknown sources will confer a real favor.

1911
Giver unknown.

Stone pestle found at mouth of Moose River, Moosehead Lake, by
John Holden of Rockwood. — 3 broken arrow or spear heads. — 2
cabinet photographs of Dr. Gushing. — Tlu-ce-doUar note Landholders'
Bank of South Kingston, 1823. — Card photograph of Mary Nicola,
alias Molly Molasses, 1865. — 10 cents in U. S. fractional currency in
gilded frame. — Satin bookmark. — Badge, Somersworth, N. H., old
home week, 1903. — Bookmark showing Gov. Garver's chair. — Silk
badge, St. John's Gommandery, Bangor, 1874. — Picture postal, Old
arsenal, Bangor; — Halftone of Union Square schoolhouse. — 2 vol-
umes— 29 pamphlets — 73 nos. of periodicals.
Chandler, Mr. James A., Bangor.

Manuscript shipping register of Abiathar Rogers, 1801-1808.
Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.

1 card
Cutler, Rev. Charles H., Bangor.

3 manuscripta relating to Rev. Harvey Loomis of Bangor. — A silk
badge. — "A successful life; autobiography of Ehashib Adams." — 1 vol.
Dennett, Dr. William S., New York Gity.

Autograph book containing signatures of many diatinguiahed per-

Donations 1911-1912 59

sons. — Ten-inch Confederate shell from Fort Fisher. — Brass military
ornament. — 1 pamphlet.
Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.

2 pamphlets.

Eaton, Miss Isabelle G., Bangor.

A collection of 19 almanacs, pub. in Mass. and Maine 1791-1804 —
Bowles's new pocket map of the world 1787.
Fellows, Mr. WiUiam W., Bangor.

Candle snuffers. — Letter from Albion K. Parris to Wm. D. William-
son, 1815.
Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.

I pamphlet.

Hopkins, Mr. Joshua W., Bangor.

"A short but comprehensive system of the geography of the world,
by Nathaniel Dwight, 4th Northampton edition."
Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.

3 pamphlets.

Oak, Mr. John M., Bangor.

II deeds and other documents relating to land in Boscawen, N. H.,
Chelsea, Vt., and Garland, Me., belonging to Benj. H. Oak, and others.

Patch, Hon. WilUs Y., Bangor.

1 volume.

Potter, Capt. David, Heirs of Bangor.

Colton's Atlas of the world 1855. Volume I.
Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.

Bill of sale of Pew no. 58, Brewer Congregational Meeting House
to H. R. Stupell, Jan. 1, 18G6.— 8 pamphlets. — Framed motto.
Sweet, Mr. Caldwell, Bangor.

5 Bangor Mechanic Association receipts for dues, 1867-73. — Bangor
tax receipt, 1866. — Water service receipt, 1877.

1912
Giver unknown.

Framed portrait of Pres. Lincoln. — Views of Union Square and
Palm Street Schools, Bangor. — A set of almanacs (mostly "Maine
farmers' almanacs" and "Old farmers' almanacs") 1823-1892 with a
few breaks and some imperfect numbers. — Bangor school reports
1892-3, 1891-5, 1901-5.— 3 vols.— 100 pamphlets.— '15 periodicals.
Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.

16 pamphlets on Bangor.
Bangor Children's Home.

2 pamphlets.
Bangor School Department.

1 pamphlet.
Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.

1 volume. — 3 pamphlets. — 8 periodicals.
Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.

1 pamphlet.

60 Bangor Historical Society

Carnegie Hero Fund Commission, Pittsbui-gh, Pa.

1 pamphlet.
Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven.

Walradt's "Financial history of Connecticut," 1912.
Crosby, Mr. James H., Bangor.

Cutler's "Harvey Loomis."— Crosby's "Historical sketch of the
First Congregational Church."
Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.

1 periodical and two sheets.

Davenport, Mrs. F. S., Bangor.

"Songs of the legal fraternity Phi Delta Phi."
Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.

Manuscript records of the islands of Maine, giving sales of lots, etc.
Dunbar, Mrs. Wales

Two scrap-books: one of Civil war photographs and clippings; the
other of authors, composers and musicians.
Eaton, Miss Clara D., Bangor.

Fragments of two Boston newspapers of 1912.
Eaton, Miss Isabelle G. Bangor.

Eleven newspapers pub. in Maine 1819-1890 — President's message
to Congress Nov. 17, 1818.
Elhson, Miss Sarah E., West Brooksville.

Piece of wood from ship "Sky rocket" of Saltonstall's fleet in the
Penobscot expedition 1779, burned off Fort Point Aug. 14, 1779. —
10 pamphlets. — 6 periodicals.
Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.

Brick from the Lowder tomb, Bangor — Silk badge from Phila-
delphia centennial 1876 — "Bangor directory 1867-8."
Flanders, Mr. Albert A. Hampden.

Stone from old oven at Fort Pentagoet, Castine, built by La Tour.
Foster, Mr. H. B. Bangor.

Two periodicals.
Gallupe, Miss Lucy. Bangor.

Three facsimiles of early newspapers: "Boston News-letter Apr.
17-24, 1704" (first newspaper printed in America); "New York
Gazette" May 25, 1775; "Independent Chronicle and the Universal
Advertiser" Boston Jan. 1, 1784.
Gerrish, Mr. R. F. West Sullivan.

2 pamphlets. — 2 periodicals and 1 letter.
Giddings, Miss Madeline. Bangor.

Note book, accounts and bills of E. C. Giddings, treasurer Bangor
Ladies Christian Commission 1864-65.
G. A. R., Haimibal Hamlin post, Bangor.

$180 in Confederate money.
Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.

7 pamphlets and 1 clipping.
Harlow, Miss Mabd. Boston.

4 numbers "Maine historical magazine."

Donations 1912 61

Holden, Miss Charlotte L., Bangor.

28 numbors of newspapers 1773-1865 including the composite reprint
number of Peter Edes' "Bangor Register" dated Nov. 16, 1816—1
pamphlet.
Holland, Mr. Henry W., Cambridge, Mass.

100 Civil war envelopes.
Holland, Miss Josephine P., Allston Mass.

Newspaper clipping on Bangor High School Alumni Association.
HoUihan, Mr. Timothy E., Bangor.

First primary ballot (Democratic) ever cast in Bangor, 1912. — 2
pamphlets.
Hopkins, Mr. Joshua W., Bangor.

"Royal standard English dictionary."
Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.

30 pamphlets. — 3 periodicals.
Hubbard, Mrs. William P., Bangor.

18 puuiphlets. — 1 periodical.
Jennijigti, Hon. Stephen, Boston.

Facsimiles of the Declaration of Independence and the Louisiana
purchase treaty. Also a group picture of the "War Congress of the
U. S."
Kennedy, Mr. Charles F., Brewer.

2 pamphlets.
Maine State Library, Augusta.

1 pamphlet.

Maine University Orono.

2 pamphlets.

Noble, Mrs. F. H., Bangor.

5 printed and 1 typewritten reports of Bangor Home for Aged
Women.
Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.

Allen's "American biographical dictionary." — 2 pamphlets.
Pullen, Mrs. Horace M., Bangor.

Scrap book of newspaper clippings relating principally to Rev.
Geo. W. Field. — George W. Field memorial. — Chapin Humphrey
memorial. — 10 pamphlets.
Rich, Mr. Everett F., Bangor.

Two typewritten copies of agreement for purchase of Norombega
Hall.
Smith, Rev. Ashley A., Bangor.

Phelps' Life of U. S. Grant.— Pamphlets.
Tilton, Mr. Charles E., Bangor.

1st report of the Maine Board of Education 1847.
Wood, Mrs. Charles H., Bangor.

Typewritten copy of her a<l{lrcH8 boforn Mnitia Council D, A, H.
on the Indians of Maine iu the American Revolution.

62 Bangor Historical Society

1913

Giver unknown.

A series of four colored drawings illustrating the opening battles of
the Revolution by St. John Honeywood. There seems no doubt that
these drawings were copied by Honeywood, as a school boy, from the
Doohttle engravings of the same subjects. — A parcel of newspaper
chppings. — A collection of cards and badges. — Plan of Fort Pentagoet
1670 with descriptive text by C. W. Noyes. — "Memorial of the Anti-
quarian Society of Bangor to the Legislature of Maine assembled at
Augusta, 1847."— Maiming's Bangor city plan — 19 pamphlets — 43
nos. of periodicals.

Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.

1 pamphlet.

Bangor Chamber of Commerce.

2 pamphlets.
Bangor Pubhc Library.

7 volumes.
Barrows, Mr. George W. E., Bangor.

Bangor Evening Times, 1865 (vol. 7 no. 243).
Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.

18 pamphlets. — 9 nos. of periodicals.
Brett, Mr. Victor, Bangor.

1 volume.
Burgess, Mr. WiUiam E., Bangor.

Two coins: U. S. cent 1820 and French five centimes.
Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.

1 pamphlet. — 13 nos. of periodicals.
Chandler, Mr. James A., Bangor.

3 nos. of Bangor Evening Times for 1860.
Crosby, Mr. James H., Bangor.

Woman's edition, Bangor Daily Commercial, Feb. 22, 1891.
Dickey, Mr. William P., Bangor.

Facsimile of the first newspaper ever printed in America: "Boston
News-letter, Apr. 1704."
Eaton, Miss Clara D., Bangor.

2 copies of the composite reprint no. of Peter Edes "Bangor Weekly
Register" dated Nov. 16, 1816. — 2 volumes. — one number of "Ameri-
can advocate" Hallowcll, 1823.

EUison, Miss Sadie, West Brooksville.

4 pamphlets.

Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.

Old-fashioned pod auger. — Piece of old blockhouse at Edgecomb,
Me.— Part of a rib of U. S. frigate "John Adams" destroyed at Hamp-
den 1814. — Old iron candlestick. — Carrier's address, "\Mjig and
Courier" Jan. 1, 1854. — A sorica of 12 stereoscopic views of Bangor
1869-71.— "Ulster County Gazette" Jan. 4, 1800 with notice of Wash-
ington's death. — Old snuff box. — Poem "To Moll Molasses" by David

Donations 1913-1914 53

Barker (newspaper clipping).— Silk badge Philadelphia exposition 1876.
—"Boston school atlas" 1835.
Gerrish, Mr. R. F. West Sullivan.

6 pamphlets.
Giddings, Miss Madeline Bangor.

13 publications of the Bangor Children's Home.
Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A. Bangor.

1 pamphlet. — 2 periodicals.

Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.

Original record book of the First Baptist Society of Bangor 1858-
1883. — 16 pamphlets.
Lander, Miss L. E. Bangor.

Facsimile of the Boston News-letter 1704 (first newspaper printed
in America) and G. A. R. facsimile of Vicksburg Daily Citizen of
July 4, 1863.
Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.

19 pamphlets, mostly relating to Bangor.— 5 periodicals.
Mason, Dr. William C, Bangor.

A large bronze medal evidently struck by the state of Virginia in
honor of some Indian treaty of 1780. (This medal is actually unknown
in Va. but there is one in the British Museum and the late W. S.
Appleton of Boston had one). — 5 pamphlets.
Porter, Misses Rh(jda J. and Mary S., Bangor.

The Maine pension roll (an excerpt from U. S. pension list of 1835);
also 4 paiiJi)hlet8.
Robinson, Dr. D;inioI A., Bangor.

2 ttj i«^s of his "Reminiscences of an old grad."
Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa.

5 volumes i'roceedings and transactions 1907-1913.
Smith, Rev. Ashle.y A., Bangor.

Report of ihi Mum-Cromwell trial 1888 in 2 vols.
Steward, Mrs. Joeiah. Bangor.

1 pamphlet.
Swan, Mr. Charles C.

"Memoirs of Mrs. Deborah H. Porter," 1848.
Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.

Athene Club calendars 1896-7; 1898-9 through 1911-12.
Wills, Mr. Henry T.

His "Scientific tariff making" 1913.

1914
Giver unknown.

3 leaves from "American magazine of useful knowledge" with Bangor
views and descriptive text : View of the city of Bangor; View of Ban-
gor House; View of Unitarian Church. — Bangor Newspaper clippings:
"History of the Whig" 1898 and "Death of John H. Lyndc" 1874.—
Manuscriptsheetmusic, "My NannieO," byBurns,"JockO'Hazeldcan"

64 Secretary's Report for 1914

by Scott, "They're a noddin' " and "The harvo«t," Enfield, N. H. —
Agreement of Benj. Bussey to sell a lot of 50 acres on new road (from
Essex street to Orono) to Alexander and Ballot ine Jackson; sijined by
Samuel Lowder, attorney. — Trade edition of Bangor Commercial,
Nov. 2, 1900 — 2 carnival badges 1912. — Fryeburg Congi-egational
Church invitation. — nos. 1-8.— Small bronze medal commemorating
American ind( pendence, 1S76. — 3 volumes. — 36 pamphlets — 13 nos.
of periodicals.

Adams, Mrs. James. Bangor.

Bangor Daily Evening Times v. 7, no. 243, 1865.

Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.

Bangor city directories, 1851, 1S64, 1903, 1907.— Bangor School
Committee reports from 1891-5 to date (lacking '96-7 and '05-6), —
Bangor High School Catalogues 1906-7, 1908-9, 1910-14,-3 volumes—
110 pamphlets, programs, etc., chiefly 1909-14.

Bangor.

Framed oil painting of Sarnuel Farrar (1805-1862) an old Bangor
resident, prominent in business circles, president of the Mercantile
Bank and judge of the Municipal Court in 1837. Came to the City
under will of John E. L. Hazen of Shirley, Mass., whose mother, Mrs.
Sarah Hazen, was Samuel Farrar's adopted daughter.

Bangor Chamber of Commerce.
8 pamphlets.

Bangor City Clerk.

City reports 1913-14.

Bangor Daily News.

1 number of paper.
Bangor Public Library.

53 volumes. — 9 pamphlets.
Bartlett, Mr. Charles H., Bangor.

Morton's "New England's memorial" — Bangor directories 1867
and 1892— Addresses by Webster 1825 and J. Q. Adams 1835— A
sermon by C. C. Everett 18()5 — 1 volume — 12 pamphlets — 4 nos. of
periodicals.
Bartlett, Miss Ella Bangor.

A copy of the reprint from early Bangor Registers, dated Nov. 16,
1816.
Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.

2 Maine State Grange badges 1909 — Print of Society's seal— 5
volumes — 31 pamphlets — 4 nos. of periodicals.

Blood, Mrs. H. W., Bangor.

Manuscript address delivered by Mighill Blood before Hancock
Musical Society, Jan. 27, 1814 — Worcester magazine vol. 2, no. 52,
1787— Stevens "System of discipline of th'- artillery of the U.S." 1797.
Boothby, Hon. F. E., Waterville.

Pamphlet describing Katahdin Iron Works.

Donations 1914 65

Bourne, Mr. Augustus L., - Bangor.

11 legal documents relating to parties in Boxford and other towns in
Essex County, Mass., chiefly 1730-1765—12 enlistment papers of
Mass. men into military service 17130.
Bradford, Mr. Eugene E.

Model of ship of war, in case of wood and glass; made from meat
and chicken bones by George Bradford, lieutenant on privateer
"Elbridge Gerry" while a prisoner of war in Dartmoor, England.
Bragdon, Mr. Charles M.

Large Indian pestle of mottled stone.
Burr, Misses Ella and Harriet M., Bangor.

A file of bound volumes of the "Bangor Jeffersonian" vol. 1-22,
1849-1870.
Burrows, Mr. Charles W. Cleveland, O.

Framed facsimile of Amos Doolittle's engraving of Battle of Lexing-
ton. The original Doolittle engraving was the property of this
Society and loaned to Burrows Bros, to copy for illustration for
Avery's "History of the U. S." It was returned and lost in fire of
1911. — Two other framed engravings: map of New Netherland by
Visscher, and map of Salem Village 1692.-^Avery^s History of the U.
S. vol. I.
Burton, Mr. Clarence M. Detroit.

Three pamphlets on early Detroit by C. M. Burton.
Butler, Miss Ellen H., Bangor.

Sproat's "Present to h'abbath schools" 1829 and Taylor's "Busy
Idleness" 1832.
Cambridge Historical Society, Cambridge, Mass.

Its Publications, nos. 1 — 8.
Cannon, Mr. John T., Bangor.

Carrier's address, Bangor Mercury Jan. 1, 1855. — Two Bangor
newspapers 1869.
Cluff, Mr. George W., Bangor.

Bangor High School graduating exercises 1883, 1901, '05, '07. —
Bill of fare of collation to Pres. Grant, Bangor Oct. 18, 1871.
Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.

Memorial, James Ellison 1778-1820.
Dennett, Mr. Stanley P. Bangor.

Trunk of large tree partly gnawed o(T by beavera.
Dennett, Dr. William S., New York City.

Sword of James Thomas, quarterraastei -general of the U. S. army
in the War of 1812.— also "Act of Congress for the relief of James
Thomas."
Dickinson, Mr. G. I., Worcester, Mass.

View of Bangor from Brewer, by Pendleton, Boston, from a drawing
by A. H. Wallace, 17i by 27i inches.
Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., BanRor.

A parcel of newspaper chppings relating to Bangor, including notices

66 Bangor Historical Society

of Rev. G. W. Field and Mrs. C. A. Boutelle, also a long letter on the
British in Bangor in 1814 by J. K. Whitney.— 40 pamphlets— 38 nos.
of periodicals.
Dillingham, Dr. Frederick H., New York.

Card portrait of William Hutchings of Penobscot, one of last two
survivors of the Revolutionary army. Taken in Bangor Oct. 16,
1865 when he was 101.
Doane, Mrs. Walter \Y. Bangor.

41 numbers of Bangor Daily Whig and Courier, 1863-65.
Dole, Mr. Wilham B. Bangor.

Picture of old Dole and Fogg mill which stood 1855-93 near Raikoad
Street.
Dow, Mr. Richard S.

Campbell's "Tariff or rates of duties, 1828"— "Charter and ordinan-
ces of Bangor 1839"— "Collation to Pres. of U. S. 1871."
Duren, Mr. Elnathan F., Bangor.

His accounts as treasurer of Penobscot Conference 1886-87. — Re-
ceipt for payment of $78 by Hammond street church to its Sunday
School, 1884. — A collection of newspaper clippings. — Letter from First
Congregational Church of Bangor inviting Rev. J. E. Adams to an
ecclesiastical council 1881. — 89 pamphlets — 7 nos. of periodicals. — 137
weekly calendars Hammond Street church 1911-1913.
Duren, Miss Mary F., Bangor.

Signed photograph of Elnathan F. Duren, taken on his 100th birth-
day, Jan. 14, 1914.
Eckstorm, Mrs. Fannie Hardy. Brewer.

Typewritten biographical sketches of Jeremiah T., Jonathan E.
and Mary Ann Hardy, with portraits; also poetical selections from
the pens of members of the family.
Fairbanks, Capt. Henry N., Estate of Bangor.

Framed portrait of Hannibal Hamlin with autograph.
Farnham, Gen. Augustus B., Bangor.

A silk state flag of Maine — Pictiueof state flagof 1901. — 1 pamphlet
Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.

Three pieces from one of the port sills of the IJ. S. frigate "Constitu-
tion," taken out when repairs were made at Kittery about 1855. —
Old weeding hoc found at St. Albans, Me. — Piece of old elm on Bo.ston
Common which fell Feb. 15, 1876. — Barrel of ancient pistol from St.
Albans, Me. — Iron candlestick from St. Albans. — Medal made on the
grounds at Chicago exposition 1893. — Large bronze medal commemo-
rating same exposition. — Watch fob commcmoral ;ng centennial of Her-
mon, Me., 1914. — F. H. Hodge's Oration in Bangor July 4, 1838.—
"The Penobscot Freeman" Bangor vol. 3-4, 1835-36. — 1 volume. — 10
pamphlets. — 11 nos. of periodicals.
Flagg, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.

Piece of ceiling of Assembly Chamber in the new capitol, Albany,

Donations 1914 67

N. Y., contracted for and paid for an carved oak, made of ordinary
plaster, colored.
Flanagan, Mr. John P., Bangor.

Two handbills offering rewards for search of Sir John Franklin
£3,000 and £20,000 respectively.
Flanders, Mr. Herbert G., Hampden.

Flint lock musket, made in England in 1742, with bayonet and
cartridge box. It was carried at the battle of Hampden 1814 by
Robert Gary of Hampden. Mr. Flanders called the Society's atten-
tion to it, and one dollar each was contributed for its purchase by E.
M. Blanding, G. A. Flagg, E. F. Rich, F. D. Pullen, VV. L. Head, W.
W. Fellows, I. K. Stetson and G. H. Bartlett.
Garnsey, Mr. Frank A., Bangor.

Photograph showing block on Hammond Street across from Ohio
Street, between 1883 and 1889.
Godfrey, Mrs. George F., Bangor.

51 numbers of "Bangor historical magazine."
Goodspeed, Mr. Gharles E., Boston.

David Davis' certificate of one share in Bangor Social Library
signed by Moses Patten, sec, and Alexander Savage, treas.
G. A. R., B. H. Beale post, Bangor.

Draft box of 4th Maine District in Civil war 1863-65, presented to
the post by Elijah Low, provost-marshal. — Two large folio volumes
containing personal war sketches of all members of the post.
Hadlock, Mr. Levi J.

Thomas' Farmer's almanacs, 1838, '48, and '68. — Harris' Maine
register 1843. — Dickinson's Boston almanac 1841.
Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, l^angor.

Bangor reports 1907-8 — 1 pamphlet.— 3 nos. of periodicals. — Me-
morial card T. D. Sullivan, 1904.
Hamilton, Mis. Estelle. Bangor.

Program, Home Culture Club, 1914-15.
Hamhn, Mr. Frank, Chicago.

Letter dated Bath, July 9, 1856, from F. H. Morse, president of Re-
publican State Convention of 1856, to Hannibal Hamlin, U. S. Senate,
announcing the latter's nomination for governor.
Hanson, Mrs. Anna D.,

Letters from Seih K. Devereaux making inquiries about the 1865
Fourth of July celebration in Bangor, with newspaper clippings on
the event. Mr. Devereux, as collector of customs at Castine, brought
the old Revolutionary veteran William Hutchings to Bangor at that
time.
Harding, Mr. Albra H., Bangor.

Two rough drawings of Exchange street near the Penohacot
Exchange hotel, with explanattuy iiok-s by Mr. Harding: conlrihu-
tions to the history of an old-time controversy. — 'i'hrce-doliar bank
note of the Stillwater Canal Bank of Orono, 1840.

68 Bangor Historical Society

Hardy, Mr. Amos E., Bangor.

Flint-lock Tower musket, earned at the battleof Hampden 1814 by
a member of the Knowles family— Part of the tail of a Congreve rocket
fired by British in same battle.— Flint lock pistol carried by a British
officer in same battle and later picked up on the field.— Two circidar
iron shields carried by Arab horsemen and brought from Damascus
about 1S70.— Pail- of flint-lock pistols made by A. H. Waters of Mill-
bury, Mass., 1844.— Large double barreled pistol.— SmaU double
barreled pistol, 7 inches in length.— Pair of spurs from body of a
dead Confederate soldier at Spotsylvania. — Indian stone gouge from
Hampden.— Short sword with sheath, in form of Roman gladius, made
for use in U. S. army. — Sword bayonet used in U. S. army. — Knife
bayonet.— :^Iachete made by Clarkand Parsons Co., East Wilton, Me.—
Bowie knife taken from a Confederate soldier at the battle of Malvern
Hill. — Swedish sailor's knife.

Hardy, Mr. Walter M., Brewer.

Broadside: "Rates of wharfage, dockage, and storage at Bangor,
Me." May 1843.

Harrigan, Mr. Martin, Bangor.

A bound volume of "Bangor Daily Journal" for 1855.

Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A., Bangor.

10 pamphlets.

Howe, Mrs. Caroline Frost, Kingston, Mass.

Bag made and embroidered by Mrs. Howe when a girl of 12 years
in Bangor, from the breeches worn by her father, Col. Oliver Frost, in
the "Aroostook War" 1839.

Hubbard, Mr. Weaker L., Charleston.

Record book of the Baptist church in Palmyra, 1810-1840.—
Record book of the Baptist Maternal Society, Bangor, 1830-1851.—
Treasurer's record book 1826-1857, believed to be that of the First
Baptist Church of Bangor. — Picture of First Baptist Church, Bangor.—
Register of First Baptist Sabbath School, Bangor 1847-1890.— Cleave-
land and Packard's "History of Bowdoin College," — Treasurer's
reports, Colby College 1891-95, '97-1900, 1902-05.— Higgins Classical
Institute catalogues 1892-1913. — Minutes of Baptist Missionary
Convention, 1884, 86, '97-1909, '11-12.— Lessons of First Baptist
Sunday School 1855, '60-62, '65-70.— "Declaration of belief, church
covenant and catalogue of members of the First Baptist Church of
Bangor" 1868 and 1879. — 28 volumes— 55 pamphlets. — 39 nos. of
periodicals.

Hubbard, Mrs. William P. Bangor.

Bangor city directories 1859 and 1864.

Indiana Slate Library. Indianapolis.

1 pamphlet.

Jones, Mr. Henry C. Cambridge, Mass.

6 Bangor business cards 1840-60.

Donations 1914 gp

Kennedy, Mr. Charles F., Brewer.

Plan of the Veazie depot lot, Bangor, 187S, including plot between
Cumberland, Harlow, Curve and Market streets.

Knowles, Mrs. Warren H., Bangor.

Bangor city directory 1859.— Armstrong's "Notices of the War of
1812" vol. 2.— Knowles' Bangor business almanac 1875.— "City
councils and mayors of Bangor 1834-1881."

Lander, Miss L. E. Bangor.

Augusta centennial souvenir edition of "Daily Kennebec Journal"
June 9, 1897.— "Portland Transcript" vols. 24-26, bound.

Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.

1 pamphlet.

Mason, Dr. William C, Bangor.

"A prospect of the colledges in Cambridge in New England" 172G
(one of 150 facsimiles made in 1914).— Early Bangor House letter-
heads 1837-51.— View of Bangor from Brewer.— Broadside catalogue
of Bowdoin College 1818.— Plan and valuation of pews in Unitarian
Church, Bangor, 1830.— Deed of pew in that church to Edward Kent
and John Mason.— Edward Kent's hymn book from same church,
with name stamped in gold on cover.— J. W. Geyer's account of dis-
bursements of brig "Caspian" 1827.— Photograph of Henry Van
Meter, an ex-slave and old resident of Bangor.— 2 handbills of slave
auctions in Charleston, S. C, about 185G.— Memento of the last legal
hanging in Maine 1880 in form of a blank form prepared as a practical
joke on a well known Bangor character.— Menu of 1855 meeting of
the New England Society of Charleston, S. C— Silhouettes of Joseph
Bryant, William Abbott and Peleg Chandler.— Harrison campaign
badge 1840.— One of last passes over the Brewer bridge.— Financial
papers of John C. Dexter of Bangor, 1829-33.— Old hotel bills.- Bos-
ton documents of the "thirties."— Map of Bangor 1SS2.— Photograph
of. H. W. Longfellow's class silhouette at time of graduation from
Bowdoin College 1825.— Circular of Penob.scot Society for the Pro-
motion of Temperance 1831.— Circular letter from American Tem-
perance Society to Temperance Society of Brewer. — Daguerreotype
of Rev. Harvey Loomis.- Two charts "Appraisal of pews in the
Union Street Church Bangor" between 1855 and ISCO.— A collection
of papers legal forms, etc., chiefly of Ira Pitman 1S55-1S75.— Printed
form of demand for payment of note, Bangor 183-.— Original deed
conveying a tract of land on west side of Kennebec River (in what
is now Bowdoinham to AGreen and Eleazer Crabtree 1761. — Notea
by Mrs. Mary H. Curran relating to the (Citizens watch of Bangor
1828-30.— Souvenir post card of Royal Mail steamer "Empress of
Ireland" mailed on voyage last preceding her loss in the St. LavsTence —
Packages of stamps that had passed through the Bangor fire of 1911. —
Bark taken from the oldist of the Waverly oaks at Waverly, Mass.,
behevcd to be over 1000 years old. — 6 i)aljlicali()ns relating to Bangor
centennial of 18G9. — 6 volumes — 182 pamphlets. — 22 nos. of periodicals.

70 Bangor Historical Society

Merrill, Mr. Alanson J., ' Bangor.

Group of portraits, including Mayor Wakefield, the Board of Alder-
men and City Clerk of 1866 (framed).
Merrill, Miss Alice.

A copy of the reprint of "Bangor Weekly Register" dated Nov. 16,
1816.
Moorehead, Prof. Warren K., Andover, Mass.

36 parcels of Indian relics from various points in Maine: Bluehill,
Egypt Bay, Sullivan Falls, and Lake Alarnoo.sook; illustrating "Red
paint" culture.
Morse, Mr. Frank S., Bangor.

Grape shot picked up near Long wharf, Hampden, in 1913.
Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln

Its Collections, vol. 17.
New Mexico Historical Society, Sante Fe.

Its Publications no. 9,13, 15-19, and one other pamphlet.
New York Historical Society, New York City.

1 pamphlet.
Oak, Mr. John M., Bangor.

Manuscript report of the "Committee on slavery and Kansas
affairs" of the Maine Legislature — Newspaper clippings "The new book
of chronicles," etc. — Writ addressed to the Sheriff of Fairfax County,
Va. dated July 4, 1763. — 3 manuscripts. — Lyndon Oak's "History
of Garland, Me." — 1 pamphlet.
Olsen, Mr. C. Freeman, Bangor.

Daniel George's Almanack 1779 and one other volume.
Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.

Large bronze medal commemorating the Northwestern Sanitary
Fair, Chicago, 1865. — 10 cent fractional paper currency, Bank of
State of Maine, Bangor, 1862.
Perry, Mrs. Sumner, Presque Isle.

Commission of Samuel F. Thompson of Bangor as 1st heutenant of B
company of riflemen in 1st regiment, Ist brigaile, 9th division, Maine
Militia Oct. 19, 1855 and his honorable discharge on disbanding of
company Dec. 6, 1856 — His commission as 1st heutenant of Com-
pany I, r2th Maine Infantry Oct. 15, 1861. — Original enhstment roll
of Company I, 12th Maine Infantry, 1861-62.— "Battle song of the
2d division, 19th army corps" (composed of 16 regiments including
12th Maine).— New York Herald, Sat., April 15, 1865, mourning
edition with announcement of Lincoln's death.
Philbrook, Mrs. Abby C, Bangor.

Dressing gown of Gov. John Hancock of Mass. — Silver shoe and
knee buckles of Daniel Cony of Augusta about 1790. — Dr. Watts'
"Divine songs for Children," given to Abigail Guild Cony by her
father Hon. Daniel Cony 1797. — "Herald of liberty" vol. I, no. 28,
printed by Peter Edes, Augusta July, 8, 1812. — "Ulster County
Gazette" Jan. 4, IStX), with notice of Washington's death. — Map of

Donations 1914 71

the world drawn by Abigail C. Cony in 1807.— Fan from Havana
1849. — Chinese carved fan.
Pickering, Miss Jane, Bangor.

Dunlap'a or the General Advertiser, vol. 3, no. 155, 1774 and two
other old newspapers.— 2 pamphlets.
Porter, Misses Rhoda J. and Mary S., Bangor.

John Blake's bill for Peter Edes' "Bangor Weekly Register" Nov.
25, 1815 to Aug. 25, 1817, 13.54.— Documents including lists of dele-
gates, credentials, etc., relating to Penobscot County in Republican
state conventions held at Portland, June 13, 1882 and Bangor Apr.
30, 1884. — Printed form for summons to military duty, to Thomas
Boynton of Capt. Fulton's company 1842. — Five copies of A. C.
Colton's bill for board and medical attention to men of 22d, 26th and
28th Maine regiments and others at Camp John Pope, Sept. and Oct.
1862. — Regimental order book of a Bangor militia regiment command-
ed by Col. Geo. W. Cummings, Dec. 14, 1838-May 1, 1843. At first
the 2d regiment, 1st brigade, 3d division, M. V. M., its designation
was twice changed in 1841, to 1st regiment, 4th brigade, 3d division
and 1st regiment, 2d brigade, 9th division. — The Caribou edition of
the "Aroostook Republican" and one other newspaper.
Pullen, Col. Frank D. Bangor.

Bronze plate, originally attached to picture of St. Joseph, after
Guido, presented to Bangor PubUc Library, in memory of Chapin
Humphrey by his widow, Mrs. Lucy Humphrey Field, 1910. This
plate was recovered after the fire of 1911.
Quinn, Miss Marie, Bangor.

Hair bracelet of her great-great grandmother Mary Godfrey of
Sedgwick. — Portrait and coffin plate of Mrs. Mary M. Cunningham
who died 1905 aged 105.
Rich, Mr. Percy C, Bangor.

Menu of H. C. Chapman's dinner to quarter century travelling
men, 1913.
Roberts, Miss Charlotte, Bangor.

Bangor city directory 1859. — Si)oR'ord's Farmer's almanack 1829. —
"The World" N. Y. vol. 2, no. 009. 1862.
Roberts, Miss Elizabeth W., Bangor.

Woman's edition, Bangor Commercial Feb. 22, 1897.
Roberts, Misses Elizabeth W., Leila H. and Maiy H., Bangor.

Flax-wheel dating back to 1765 from oM Howard house Bangor.
Picture of old Howard house, Bangor, taken 1869.— Anothor picture
showing mill, flax-wheel and other furnishings of above house. —Pic-
ture of old birch tree near Howard house, under which a detach-
ment of British troops dined in 1814.— Carriers, address, Bangor
Register 1824. — Three views of interior of Central Church, Bangor.—
Foot-stove used in Howard family at church services. — Policemun's
rattle from Howard house. — Copy of will of Mary Norton 1669, be-
queathing Old South Church property, Bobtun.

^2 Bangor Historical Society

Rogers, Mra. Jeannette S., North Newburgh.

Framed facsimile of the Declaration of Independence.
Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa.

Transactions, series 3 volume VII and volume VIII, sections 1-4.
Royal Society of History and Antiquities. Stockholm, Sweden.

Pul)lications vol. XX, no. 1.
Smith, Rev. Ashley A., Bangor.

Family Bible of the Harlow family of Bangor, containing genealog-
ical records.
Smith, Mr. Burton, Portland.

One of the first batch of venires issued by the Clerk of the U. S.
District Court Apr. 7, 1790. Court was created in 1789 and first
criminal term was held at Portland June 1790.
Smith, Gen. Joseph S., Bangor.

McClellan saddle with bridle and other harness used by Gen.
Smith through the Civil war. — His personal medicine case. — Trophiea
captured on southern battlefields: cavalry sword from Chancellors-
ville, Springfield musket from Gettysburg, Burnside carbine from
Ream's Station, staff officer's sword from Antietam. — Officer's sword
with C. S. A. on hilt, secured in Richmond after the fall.— 300 pound
Sir William Armstrong friction shell taken from Rebel ram "Stone-
wall" 1865 by Lieut. Com. Fred R. Smith. — Rebel torpedo dug up in
Chari--ton harbor, S. C. during the war. — Five ammunition cases. —
and il ■ following Confederate projectiles picked up in Union lines
bef. . Petersburg, Va. 18G4-5: 100 pound rifleshell, 1 solid shot, 2
< i.iiiil i:ifl f^lu'll.- filled with bullets, 8 spherical case sheila of varying
b./.-, vviti) ;uul witljuut time fuses, 2 James shells, 1 Whitworth bolt,
'A S{,li( fikic shells, 1 ten pound Parrott fuse shell, 1 three inch fuse
bheil, 1 Parrott sohd rifle shot, 3 Hotchkiss three inch shells.
Smith, Mr. T. H., Chicago.

3 letters to F. E. Boothby.
Spratt, Miss Carrie, Bangor.

Chip from Peary's steamer "Roosevelt" built on the Penobscot
River.
Stetson, Hon. Isaiah K., Bangor.

His Genealogy of th'e Stetson family 1892.
Stevens, Mr. B. W.

Touth of an ichthyosaurus found among other fossil remains in S. C.
Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.

Letter from Mark Little, a soldier in the Aroostook war 1839.—
Map of the representative districts in Penobscot Co. 1831. —
Chart of the U. 8. published at Walpole, N. H. — Carrier's addresa,
"Galaxy" Boston, 183G. — A parcel of newspaper clippings.
Swan, Miss Florence, Bangor.

Newspaper dippings of proceeding.'* in Uangpr »(. MpKJMlr.y'«
death.— Mame farmer's almanacs, 1879-81, '85-95, '98-1900, '12-13.—
2 pamphlets. — 16 numbers of newspapers, chiefly Bangor.

Donations 1914-1915 73

Thaxter, Mr. A. H., • Bangor.

Ivarge iVamed picture of old Howard house, Bangor. — Letters
patent for 3000 acres in West Florida to Philii) Living,ston the younger,
May 14, 1778.
Trask, Miss Mattie L. Bangor.

24 stereoscopic views of Bangor 1869-71.
Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.

Large "lone star" flag of Texas.
Whittier, Rev. Charles, Bangor.

Manuscript of Rev. Stephen Thurston's historical address at Fort
Pownal 1859; also copy of Bangor Jeflersonian containing the same
in print with ms. corrections.
Wood, Mrs. Charles H., Bangor.

Newspaper clippings on Bangor. — Athene CIul) programs 1896,
1902-03, 1912-14.— 1 volume.— 14 pamphlets.— 17 nos. of periodicals.
Wyman, Mrs. E. G., Bangor.

Farmer's almanac 1815. — 4 old newspapers 1812-48.
Yale LTniversity Library, New Haven, Conn.

Dexter's Historical catalogue of the First Church of Christ, New
Haven."

1915
Giver unknown.

Photograph of Norombega Hall. — Receipted bill for postage to
W. H. andiT. Peirce, Bangor, 1840.— Part of "Daily Whig and
Courie'c" Qct, 1, 1869 giving proceedings of Bangor's centennial. —
"The Aurora," Philadelphia, May 7-8, 1812 (incomplete).— Illus-
trated fire extra of Bangor Daily Commercial May 6, 1911. — Leather
firemaix's bucket with name of N. Bean 1827. It was the property
of Jeremiah Fenno, an old Bangor resident. — Hampden Academy
catalogues 1852-57.— Starrett's "Gen. Henry Knox." — Bangor An-
nual report 1S44-5. — Paine's "Territorial hi.story of Bangor". — "In
commemoration, Hannibal Hamhn," by the Loyal Legion of Maine. —
6 volumes. — 14 pamphlets. — 2 numbers of periodicals.
Adams, Dr. Charles E., Bangor.

Indian stone axe from near Camp Lunkasoo, mouth of Wassataquoit
Stream, East branch of Penobscot.
Ames, Mr. Alfred K., Machias.

"The pageant of Machias Valley 1913."
Appleton, Hon. Frederick H., Bangor.

Engraved portrait <'f John Appleton. — Collection of views of Ban-
gor and vicinity, including North front of IMorcantile row 1835,
View from Brewer 1837, Court House 1853, City Hall 1853, Theo-
logical Seminary 1853, Hatch House 1856, Lover's leap, View from
Brewer 1859, View from Biewer 1860, Knox mansion, Thoma.^ton
1851, View of Old Town 1854, Saw mills at Old Town 1854, View on
upper Penobscot 1859, The sleigh peddler ]8()6.

74 Bangor Historical Society

Appleton, Mrs. Henry A., Bangor.

Manuscript record book of the Penobscot Association of Teachera
and Friends of Popular Education 1835-39.— Portrait of the four sons
of Gen. Samuel F. Hersey.— Pencil drawing of Mount Vernon.— 15
volumes.— 36 pamphlets.— 43 numbers of periodicals.
Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.

56 pamphlets, programs, etc.
Bangor Automobile Club.

1 pamphlet.
Bangor Children's Home.

Annual report.
Bangor Committee of One Hundred.

Bulletin no. 4.
Bangor Public Library.

Copy of photograph of original Stephenson locomotive used in
Bangor, Old Town and Milford raikoad 1835-67.— Honorable dis-
charge of Wm. M. Fobs, private in Capt. W. A. Pollard's company in
Aroostook war 1839. — Announcement of Republican mass meeting,
Bangor Sept. 3, 1870.-20 volumes.- 53 pamphlets.— 3 numbers of
periodicals.
Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.

Oyster shells from Damariscotta shell heaps. — Badge of State
Board of Trade meeting, Bangor, 1915. — 65 pamphlets. — 18 nos. of
periodicals. — Newspaper clippings.
Boothby, Hon. F. E., Waterville.

"History of the Boston and Bangor Steamship Co. 1882."— News-
paper cUppings.
Bowles, Merrill H., Bangor.

Skull of buffalo from western plains.
Bragg, Hon. Charles F., Bangor.

16 letters and documents relating to the Protestant Epiflcopal
Church of Bangor, 1837-66.
Bragg, Mr. Franklin E., Bangor.

Two pieces of the old Paul Revere bell which was given to Bangor
in 1816 and hung in the First church till the Fire of 1911. The larger
piece weighs about 150 pounds and includes about one fourth of the rim.
Brown, Miss Bertha L., Bangor.

Bangor Mechanic Association resolutions and subscription list, 1868
Brown, Misses Ida J. and Bertha L., Bangor.

Confederate $1000 bond. — Confederate one, five and ten dollar bills.
Brown, Miss Nellie E., Bangor.

9 views of Bangor's school houses.
Burr, Miss Harriet M., Bangor.

Cannon ball fired by the British at the house of Gen. John Blake,
just as they were starting down the River from Bangor. It was
picked up by Capt. Joseph Burr who had seen it fall. The old Blake
houea was situated on the Brewer side about a mile above the bridge.—

Donations 1915 75

Benj. A. Burr's certificate of membership in Bangor Mechanic Asso-
ciation, 1850 and 8 receipted assessment notices to him 1851-66. —
Carrier's address "Mechanic and Farmer" Bangor, Jan. 1, 1836 and
19 mmibers of vol. 3. same paper 1837-38. — Boston weekly magazine,
vol. 2-3, 1839-41.— Maine monthly magazine, vol. 1, Bangor 1837.—
Facsimile of New England Courant no. 8, Boston 1723.

Buxton, Mr. C. M., Eastport.

Raymond's improved family sewing machine, about 1850.

Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.

9 views of Bangor, etc. — Chinese umbrella. — Framed photograph of
Taylor's comer. — Chinese pen. — Indian arrow with iron point. —
Indian bead work. — Civil war bayonet. — Old wooden canteen. —
Isaac M. Bragg's carpet bag. — ^Night lamp used in Taylor family of
Bangor. — Thread stand formerly belonging to Hammond and Taylor
families. — Candle mould. — Pewter porringer. — Wood from the
"Roosevelt." — Marble from Washington monument, Washington,
D. C. — Bracelet of gun metal from U. S. Navy yard at Washington. —
Two quill pens. — Writer's sand box used by Isaac M.Bragg. — Palm
leaf basket. — South Sea island basket. — Abner Taylor's balance or
scales. — Piece of wood and a nail from old house comer of Hollis
and Tremont streets, Boston, where "Boston Tea Party" was or-
ganized.— Tea caddy. — Indian moccasins. — 33 coins, U. S. and
foreign. — Confederate bills. — 50 cts. U. S. fractional currency. —
Advertisement of Savings Bank of Bangor. — Soldier's spur and brass
ornament. — Papers of William Hammond of Newton, including
correspondence with sons, Bangor 1801-09. — Abner Taylor's spy
glass. — Scrap book of Bangor newspaper clippings 1848-1913. —
Cradle belonging to family of Capt. William Hammond of Newton,
Mass. and Bangor, and later to family of Abner Taylor. — Jackson's
"History of the early settlement of Newton" — Bangor directory
1835. — "Voices from the Kenduskeag." — "An historical sketch, articles
of faith, First Congregational Church, Bangor." 1856 — 10 other
volumes.

Chapin, Hon. Arthur, Bangor.

Five dollar bill, Eastern Bank of Bangor, 1863. — Five dollar Con-
federate bill. — "State papers and public documents of the U. S. 1811-
15." Boston 1815.

Clemens, W. M.

4 pamphlets. — 1 number of a periodical.

Coe, Dr. Thomas U., Bangor.

Collection of Indian relics found on the Wilson farm, Red Beach,
Me. on the western bank of the St. Croix River, directly opposite
St. Croix Island: 1 axe, 7 large and 3 small celte or gouges, 7 large
spear heads, and 26 arrow or small spear heads.— A large volume of
newspaper and other contemporary material, collected by Ilarbottle
Dorr and illustrating the early days of the American revolution 1772-
76.

^6 Bangor Historical Society

Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford.

Annual report 1915.
Crosby, Miss H. G., Baltimore, Md.

Large collections of obituary, historical and other notices, clipped
from Bangor newspapers.— Facsimile of Declaration of Independence,
1817. — 4 photographs of Bangor and vicinity.— Letters, illustrations,
etc. relating chiefly to Bangor and Bangor people.
Crosby, Miss Mary, Bangor.

Autograph album containing signatures of Pres. Grant, Vice Pres.
Colfax, all the U. S. Senators, and the members of Congress from Maine,
1869. — Church directory of Bangor and Brewer.
Crowell, Mr. Alonzo H.,

Iron candlestick belonging to Rev. Jesse Martin of Barnstable,
Mass. and China, Maine.
Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.

Four campaign buttons. — Five announcements of Bangor His-
torical Society meetings. — Rev. Edgar W. Preble's poem after de-
struction of the Universahst church in 1911. — Handmade latch and
screw from Edward Ellison house, Bangor, 1838-46.— Mrs. Curran's
cut glass ink well recovered from fire of old Bangor Library 1911.—
Small flint lock pistol taken from body of Chief Paugus killed at
Lovewell's fight, Fryebmg, 1725.— Edward Ellison's certificate of
membership in Bangor Mechanic Association, 1838. — Pair of ancient
door hinges. — 1 volume.— 21 pamphlets. — 21 numbers of periodicals.
CuiTan, Mr. Wm. F., Bangor.

Seven business papers of Silas Pierce & Co., Boston, 1828-43 chiefly
dealing with Bangor people. — Receipted bill of Boston and Bangor
Steamboat Co., 1836.
D. A. R., Frances Dighton WiUiams chapter, Bangor.

Constitution and by laws, 1899.
Dennett, Mrs. Mabel Freese, Bangor.

Sampler made by Martha Miner, 100 year.s ago. — New York Herald
April 15, 1865.
Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.

Small trunk belonging to Nathaniel Dillingham, 1812- One
pamphlet.
Dow, Mrs. E. C. Bangor.

Framed portrait of Alexander Hamilton.
Duren, Mr. Elnathan F., Bangor.

26 pamphlets. — 66 periodicals.
Duren, Mrs. Emma L., Bangor.

Collection of Civil war envelopes gathered by Wm. G. Duren.
DweUey, Mr. Horace M., Bangor.

Three old bank bills 1837-52.
Eckstorm, Mrs. Fannie Hardy, Brewer.

Mann's "Chronological compendium," 1822. — Document of Aaron
A. Wing, collector of Internal Reveuae, Bangor. — Pocketbook of

Donations 1915 77

Joseph WardweU, Penobscot, 1800.— Three old Bangor bank cheek
forms, 1S40-50.— Order from Bank of Victoria, Melbourne.— Col-
lection of Continental, State, Confederate and Italian bills. — Col-
lection of checks on Bangor banks, 1852-01.- Collection of documents
relating chiefly to Hardy family and other early residents of Bangor
and Brewer.— Handbill, Mich. Central Raih-oad, 1863.-1 volume.
Ellison, Miss Sarah E., Bangor.

Newspaper clipping. — 1 pamphlet.
Emerson, Mrs. E. T., Bangor.

1 number of New York Tribune, 1S02.
Fairbanks, Capt. Heniy N., Estate of Bangor.

Recruiting poster 30th Maine Regt. 1863.— Theatrical handbill,
Sedgwick's Brigade Lyceum, 1802.— Brass barrelled pistol.— Piece of
canteen from Cedar Creek battlefield.— Indian iron hatchet from
Sisladobsissis Lake. — Indian stone axe. — Handcuffs.
Farrington, Mrs. Charles O., Brewer.

Photographs of the class of 1857, Bowdoin college, formerly owned
by Horace B. Chamberlain. — 10 programs, etc., from Bowdoin College
and Bangor Theological Seminary 1S51-1S57.— The soldiers' prayer
book, 1857.
Fellows, Mr. Charles S., Minneapolis.

1 pamphlet.
Fellows, Miss Martha E., Bangor.

Reel for winding yarn, over 100 years old.
Fellows, Mr. Wilham W., Bangor.

Candle used in religious ceremonies, brought from abroad by Capt.
Israel Jordan. — Nine stereoscopic views of Bangor. — Photograph of
Boys' Union, Bangor, Y. M. C. A. 1884.— Vioksburg "Daily Citizen"
July 2, 1863, printed on wall paper.— Stinchfield's History of the town
of Leeds, Maine. — Program of centennial of St. Albans, Me., 1913. —
The simple cobler by De la Guard.
Flagg, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.

Municipal campaign circulars, Bangor, 1<J15. — G pamphlets. —
Periodicals.
Flanders, Mr. Herbert G., Hampden.

Drawing showing west elevation of Fort Pentagoct, Castine. — 18
numbers Bangor Courier 18J0-11.— 1 pamphlet.
Foster, Mr. John F., Bangor.

Ebony ball puzzle containing minute ivory objects, carved by J.
AV. Strange. — Small steel naiiie die, also made by Mr. Strange. —
Manuscript records of Eagle Engine Co., No. 3 of Bangor, 1854-76. —
Zion's harp, a collection of music by Rev. Asahel Nettleton, 1824.
Fotocraft, Bangor.

Program of its 3d annual exhibition, 1915.
G. A. R., B. H. Beale post, Bangor.

Manuscript order of Capt. Charles Hammund, 1809.

78 Bangor Historical Society

Grant, Mr. Sidney J., ' Bangor.

Handmade iron shears, 150 yrs. old. — Collection of U. S. and other
coins. — Note book of Benjamin Grant, Holden and Eddington,
1833-40. — 2 volumes. — 15 pamphlets. — 1 periodical.
Greenacre, Miss Mary, ,,

Portraits of Drs. Snell and Rich of Bangor.
Hadlock, Mrs. Rebecca E., Hampden.

Lock and key originally on the store of Samuel Call on the site of
the present Freese store, Main street and from 1804 to 1892, on the
front door of the Call-Hadlock farm house "Fairmount." — Letters
relating to death of Samuel Call, first person buried in Mt. Hope
cemetery, 1836.
Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.

Poem by John F. Young and three poems by John J. Friend. — C. L.
Hinckley's photograph album, Bucksport Seminary, 1869. — Portrait
of Hiram Ruggles. — 9 pamphlets, leaflets, etc. — 5 periodicals.
Hall, Mrs. Ahce J., Bangor.

Bangor Weekly Register, Nov. 16, 1816. — An ancient child's primer.
Ham, Mr. R. P., Bath.

Two bank bills of "Grocers Bank," of Bangor, 1854.
Hammatt, Mr. C. H., Morristown, N. J.

3 iron bolts from rebel ram "Albemarle." — Sharp's rifle from Fort
Fisher. — Fuses from the plain before Fort Fisher. — Hand made
beckets for sailor's chest. — Prize list of U. S. steamer "Eutaw." — Naval
blanks, orders, etc. in Civil war. — Newspaper clipping on the Maine
election, 1859. — Memorial on General Thomas H. Hubbard, 1915. —
Boston Daily Advertiser, 1880.
Hardy, Mr. Amos E., Bangor.

Poole's Annotations upon The Holy Bible, London, 1683.
Hardy, Mr. Walter M., Brewer.

Old gum shoe, about 1840. — Strip of Indian "Annuity broadcloth"
of about the same period.
Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A., Bangor.

Scrapbook of the Bangor baseball team, 1914. — Badges, etc. — 1
volume. — 20 pamphlets, cards, etc. — 3 periodicals,
Holland, Misses Josephine P. and Ehza W. E., Allston, Mass.

Manuscript joumala of Park Holland copied by his daughter, 1841.
Hosmer, Mr. Henry J., Bangor.

Necktie slide and a ring of bone made in Libby prison and presented
to Mr. Hosmer while he was a prisoner there. — Corps badge of the
2d army corps.
Hosmer, Mrs. Henry J., Bangor.

Testament carried by Henry J. Hosmer through the Civil war and
until his death 1915.
Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.

Picture post card, Peace conference, 1905. — 10 pamphlets. — 5
periodicals.

Donations 1915 79

Hubbard, Mrs. William P., Bangor.

The Democrat-extra, issued by Marcollus Emery, Aug. 20, 1861
after the destruction of his printing press.
Indiana State Library. Indianapolis.

Three numbers of The Indiana magazine of history.
Jewett, Miss Anna E., Bangor.

"The Log cabin song" 1840. — Newspaper clipping on Peterborough,
N. H. — Prospectus and card of European and North American rail-
way, 1871. — 2 pamphlets. — 2 periodicals.
Kimball, Mr. Samuel S., Bangor.

Silver watch of Rev. John Sawyer of Bangor. — John Sawyer's
diploma, Dartmouth College, 1785. — His certificate of membership
Maine Missionary Society, 1847. — Record book of the Penobscot
County Missionary Association, 1847-72. — Record book of The First
Parish Sabbath School, 1859-60. — Records and papers relating to
financial condition of Bangor Gazette, 1842-44.
Knowles, Mrs. Warren H., Bangor.

"Constitution of the Frankfort District no. 3, Washington Total
Abstinence Society, organized May 26, 1842."
Larrabee, Mr. George H., Bangor.

Year book, Schumann Club, 1914-15.
Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.

Wood from Peary's ship, built at Verona, Maine 1904-5. — List of
vessels registered at Bangor Custom House 1847-50. — Bangor direc-
tories, 1845 and 1859-60.
Lord, Mr. Nathaniel, Bangor.

Framed photograph of Stevenson locomotive used on Bangor and
Old Town raib-oad, 1836-1867.
Louisiana Historical Society, New Orleans, La.

Its Publications vol. 7, 1913-14.
Lyon, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.

Card of admission to first entertainment in Norombega hall, 1857. —
Five dollar bill. Bank of Old Town, 1836.— Ten dollar Confederate
bill.
McCann, Dr. Daniel, Bangor.

Wooden goblet made by John E. Parsons from a piece of the Aspin-
wall elm, BrookUne, Mass.
Mason, Dr. WilUam C, Bangor.

Collection of Confederate money. — Confederate bond. — Collection
of U. S. bank notes 1775-1837. — Reports of Eastern Maine General
Hospital, 1893-1912.— 37 volumes.— 124 pamphlets.— 56 periodicals.
Merrill, Prof. Lucius H., Orono.

"The rural Socrates," Hallowell, Maine, 1800.
Moorehead, Prof. Warren K., Andover, Mass.

Collection of Maine aboriginal implements from Bar Harbor,
Sullivan Falls and BrooksviUe, Me.

80 Bangor Historical Society

Mount Hope Cemetery Corporation, Bangor.

History of Mt. Hope cemetery, by A. W. Paine.
Mudgett, Mr. U. G., Bangor.

Three dollar bank note, U. S. Foreign and Domestic Exchange Co.
payable at Bangor.
New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston.

Supplement to its Register, April 1915.
New Ham|).-ihire Historical Society, Concord, N. H.

Its cdlloctious, vol. II.
Niles, Miss Gladj's M., Bangor.

Gleason's pictorial, vol. 5 no. 23.
Noye^, Mr. Charles W., Castine.

Two plans of Fort Pentagoet.
Ohio State .\.rchaeological and Historical Society, Columbus, O.

4 numbers of its Quarterly.
Olmsiead, Mr. Benjamin F., Bangor.

U. S. copper cent 1845.
Ontario Historical Society. Toronto.

Annual rei)ort 1914.
Paine, Miss Ellen F., Bangor.

Two fragments of U. S. bills mounted at the Redemption division
U. S. Trcasuiy Dept.
Paine, Miss Selma W., Bangor.

Swinging street sign "Farmer's Exchange" 1838. — Roller map of
Bangor, 1853. — 12 numbers of The Independent, 1861-5. — 1 pamphlet.
Palmer, Mr. Caleb F., Bangor.

Framed portrait of Gen. Santa Anna brought from Mexico by Mr.
Pahner'ri father, during the Mexican war.
Palmer, Mr. Joab W., Estate of, Bangor.

Two canes made by the Sioux Indians of S. Dak.
Parker, Mr. Ray, Bangor.

Two Canadian coins.
Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.

Freight bills, Bangor, Old Town and INIilford raihoad, 1859.
Patten, Mr. R. H., Hermon.

Hermon centennial, 1914.
Peaks, Mr. H. W., Charleston.

Programme, Charleston Academy, 1852.
Pearson, Mrs. C. A., Bangor.

Picture of first steam railroad train in America. — A number of the
New York Herald, 1865.
Pease, Miss A. M., Bangor.

Progiam and clipping of Teachers' party, Bangor, 1915.
Pegg, Mi»>» FvtvneoM H,, EHtute of, Bangor.

Wooden cane made from timbers of Confederate ironclad "Merri-
mack" and U. H, fjigate "Congress."

Donations 1915 81

Poole, Mr. George N., Bangor.

Deed of a pew in St. John's Episcopal Church, Bangor, from Cyrus
Arnold, 1864.
Porter, Miss Marion, Bangor.

Documentary history of the State of Maine, vol. 1.
Porter, Misses Rhoda J. and Mary S., Bangor.

High School examinations, 1867-68. — Two old wooden army can-
teens.—Newspaper account of Wayne Centennial, 1898. — Stereoscopic
view of Bangor.— View of the procession, Broadway, 1869. — Old
iron axe. — 1 volume. — 4 pamphlets. — 1 periodical.
Record, Miss Mary, Bangor.

Washington memorial print on linen. — Facsimile of Frankhn's
paper "The New England Courant" 1723. — A child's book "London
in miniature" 1816. — Collection of newspaper articles in Bangor and
other papers illustrating history, etc. — Record book of the Temper-
ance Society of Oxford county, 1829-33. — Card portrait of President
Lincoln. — Pencil notes on cathedrals of England.— Notice of first
meeting of Buckfield Branch railroad, 1847. — Taylor's "Scenes in
Europe." — 1 volume. — 1 pamphlet. — 4 periodicals.
Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence, R. I.

"Rhode Island imprints" 1915. — Report of R. I. Commission on
Marking Historical Sites, 1913.
Rich, Mr. Everett F., Bangor.

Manilla cover for early bank book of Bangor Savings bank.
Roberts, Mr. Charles B., Boston, Mass.

C. P. Roberts' list of law cases, Bangor, 1847-49.
Roberts, Misses Elizabeth W., Leila H. and Mary H., Bangor.

New Year's greeting, extract from Dr. Gannett's discourse, 1847. —
Carrier's address of Bangor Daily Mercuiy, 1848. — Constitution of a
Bangor engine company, 1836.— 2 periodicals.
Robinson, Dr. Daniel A., Bangor.

Record book of students entering Bangor High School, with Records
of Alumni Association, 1845-55.
Rogers, Mr. Fred, Brewer.

Deed of pews in St. John's Episcopal church from the pew owners
to the wardens of the church, 1864.
Royal Society of History and Antiquities, Stockholm, Sweden.

1 volume.
Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa, Can.

12 volumes of its Transactions.
Sawyer, Mr. Robert W., Bangor.

Framed fac-simile of Pres. Washington's commission to Hopley
Yeaton, 1791.
Simpson, Mrs. Corelli, C. W., Bangor.

Rules and orders of Bangor City Council 1844. — Military hat and
coat worn by A. L. Simpson in the Aroostook war.

82 Bangor Historical Society

Stetson, Mr. Clarence C, . Bangor.

Typewritten reports of the auditor of the Bangor Bridge Co., 1899-
1901.— Permit to Thomas Gilbert to cut lumber in Bald Mountain
Township, 1864.— Map of Mt. Hope cemetery.— Hampden register,
1904. — 2 pamphlets. — 5 periodicals.
Stetson, Hon. Isaiah K., Bangor.

Life sized wooden figure head made by Seavey of Bangor.
Stone, Mr. Horace A., Bangor.

Shipping agreement of crew of bark Arvum of Bangor, 1851. —
Framed portrait of Dr. C. Seavey.
Frank H. Stuart Electric Co., Phila. Pa.

Colored photograph of "Ye olde mint" Phila.
Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.

Fifty dollar Confederate note. — A sea-horse and 2 small shells from
Calcutta.
Sweet, Mr. Caldwell, Bangor.

Photograph of Taylor's comer, Bangor about 1850.
Taylor, Mr. Abner, Bangor.

Flint lock musket inscribed "27th Virginia" picked up on Southern
battlefield in Civil war.— Musket belonging to Thomas A. Taylor
about time of Civil war. — Reynold's political map of U. S., 1856. —
Columbian Centinel for 1804 and 1810.— Bangor register for 1828.—
2 numbers of Bangor WTiig and Courier 1869.
Tefft, Mr. Benjamin F., Bangor.

One number of National InteUigencer, 1803.
Thome, Mr. Raymond,

Soldier's prayer book 1861.
Thomton, Mr. Raymond, Bangor.

U. S. copper cent 1843.
Thurston, Mr. Harry D., Bangor.

Sprmgfield musket with bayonet used by Ephraun G. Thurston of
Co. B. Maine State Guards, 1863-4.— Commission and discharge of
Sergeant E. G. Thurston.— Flag with staff, holder and strap of Co. B.
Maine State Guards.
Walker, Mr. J. Putnam, Bangor.

Manuscript letter from Gen. Rufus Putnam, Marietta, O., 1803 to
Park Holland.
Walton, Dr. Alfred, Bangor.

Indian bones from site of Bangor water works, 1875.— Shark's
tooth and 2 petrified shells from Hilton Head, S. C. 1863.— Piece of
wood from tree at Point of Rocks, Va., under which Pocahontas is
said to have saved Capt. John Smith's life. — A teasel from southern
Europe. — Piece of planking from a brig showing work of borers. —
Piece of fir tree from Hancock Point showing borings by "Carpenter
ant."— A nutmeg in its shell.- Piece of a wharf showing destructive
work of Limnaria. — Silver coin of Republic of Panama, 1904. — Five
Confederate bills presented to Dr. Walton by ladies at Appomatox,

Donations 1915 83

Va. 1865.— Five dollar biU, Bank of Old Towti.— Ten dollar biU
Northwestern bank of Va. — Collection of 14 silver and copper coins.
Walton, Mrs. E. M., Bangor.

7 pieces of U. S. fractional currency, framed.
Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.

Manuscript monitor's slip, with names of members of class of 1860,
Bowdoin College. — Steel engraving of Bowdoin College campus. —
Autograph book of F. Webster of Bangor, while a student at Phillips
Andover, 1855. — Three Philhps Andover pamphlets, 1855. — 15 Bow-
doin College pubhcations 1854-60. — 1 pamphlet. — 6 periodicals.
Wilson, Mr. John, Bangor.

New York Herald, Apr. 15, 1865.— Two letters from Hon. W. P.
Feesenden to F. A. Wilson: one regarding the former's attitude on the
President Johnson impeachment, 1868, the other on his candidacy for
re-election to U. S. Senate, 1869.
Wise, Leo, Bangor.

Russian perfxmae holder.
Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn.

Catalogue of an exhibition, 1915.

^ ^N rf^ ^ ■ •

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