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'- S 





DORSET n^TaKflk HISTORY 



EDITED BY 

W. MILES BARNES. 



VOLUME XXVI. 



Dorchester : 

PRINTED AT THE "DORSET COUNTY CHRONICLE" OFFICE. 

190.) 




984683 
T)A 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

Index to Plates and Engravings . . . . . . . . . . iv. 

Rules of the Club . . . . . . . . . . . . v. 

List of Officers, Honorary Members, and Members . . . . . . ix. 

List of New Members elected since the publication of Vol. XXV. . . xxi. 

Publications of the Club . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv. 

Societies in Correspondence with the Club .. .. .. .. ,, 

THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CLTTB during the Session 1904-1905 

First Winter Meeting . . . . . . . . . . xxv. 

The Mansel-Pleydell Memorial Fund . . . . . . xxix. 

Second Winter Meeting . . . . . . . . . . xxxiv. 

A Lunar Halo . . . . . . . . . . . . , , 

Annual General Meeting .. ..< .. .. .. xlii. 

MEETING AT BEADFOKD-ON-AVON AND BATH . . . . . . xlviii. 

The Saxon Church, Bradford -on -Avon . . . . . . 1. 

The Abbey Church, Bath . . . . . . . . . . Iv. 

MEETING AT POOLE AND BEOWNSBA ISLAND . . ' . . . . Iviii. 

Town Cellars, Poole . . . . . . . . . . . . lix. 

Brownsea Island . . . . . . . . . . . . Ixi. 

MEETING AT CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET . . . . . . . . Ixiii. 

Langtoii Herring Cross . . . . . . . . . . ,, 

The Geology of the District . . . . . . . . . . Ixv. 

The Tides of the Fleet .. .. .. .. .. Ixviii. 

The Montevideo Collections . . . . . . . . . . Ixix. 

The Hon. Treasurer's Statement of Receipts and Expenditure . . Ixxiv. 

The Hon. Secretary's Account . . . . . . . . . . Ixxv. 

Anniversary Address of the President . . . . . . . . Ixxvii. 



Liscombe : Its Chapel, Monastic House, and Barn, by the Rev. 

Herbert Pentin, M.A., F.S.A. Ed. .. .. .. 1 

Barrow-Digging at Martinstown, by H. St. George Gray and Chas. S. 

Prideaux . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 

On New and Rare British Arachnida, by the Rev. O. Pickard- 

Cambridge, M.A., F.R.S. .. .. .. .. 41 

Dorset Plants, by the Rev. E. F. Linton, M.A. . . . . . . 75 

Returns of Rainfall in Dorset, by H. Stilwell . . . . 88 

Church Goods, Dorset, A.D. 1552 (concluded) .. .. .. 102 

The Naturalist in Australia, by the Rev. C. W. Dicker, F.R.G.S. . . 160 

Notes on the Old Church Bands of the Past Century, by the Rev. 

F. W. Galpin, M.A., F.L.S .. 172 

The Landslip, Lyme Regis, A Note, by the Rev. H. Shaen Solly, M.A. 182 

Brownsea Island, by Charles Van Raalte, F.S.A. . . . . . . 187 

Some Milton Antiquities, by the Rev. Herbert Pentin, M.A., 

F.S.A. Ed. .. .. .. .. .. .. 195 

The Church Bells of Dorset, Part iii., by the Rev. Canon Raven, D.D., 

F.S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 

Poems in the Dorset Dialect, by the late Rev. W. Barnes . . . . 222 

Notes on the Flora of the Chesil Bank and the Fleet, by W. Bowles 

Barrett.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 251 

Report on Observations of the First Appearances of Birds and Insects 

and the First Flowering of Plants in Dorset, 1494, by Nelson 

M. Richardson, B. A., F.S.A. .. .. .. .. 266 

Index to Vol. XXVI., by E. W. Young . . . . . . . . 276 



IV. 

INDEX TO PLATES & ENGRAVINGS. 



PAGE OR TO 

FACE PAGE. 
LUNAR CROSS SEEN AT CHICXERHLL .. .. .. .. XXXV. 

WAYSIDE CROSS, LANGTON HERRING . . . . . . . . Ixiii. 

LISCOMBE, GENERAL VIEW . . . . . . . . . . 1 

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS, 6 Engravings . . . . 2, 3, 4 

BARROW DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN 

CONTOURED PLAN AND SECTION OF BARROW No. 1 . . 6 

PORTIONS OF A WOVEN BAG FOUND IN BARROW 3 . . 29 

ii. GENERAL VIEW OF CUTTING THROUGH BARROW 1 . . 32 

iii. RELICS UNCONNECTED WITH INTERMENTS FOUND IN 

BARROW 1 

iv. RELICS CONNECTED WITH INTERMENTS FOUND IN BARROW 1 
v. PRIMARY INTERMENT OF THE BRONZE AGE 

vi. FLINT IMPLEMENTS AND POTTERY FOUND IN BARROW 2 AND 

3 

vii. PLAN OF EXCAVATED PORTION OF BARROW 3 
viii. LARGE BRITISH URN FOUND IN BARROW 3 

ix. PRIMARY INTERMENT OF THE BRONZE AGE FOUND IN 

GRAVE, BARROW 3 

NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA, 2 Plates with Descriptions . . 42, 44 

THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA, 7 Engravings . . . . 161 et seq. 

THB SINGERS' GALLERY, PUDDLETOWN CHURCH . . . . . . 172 

AFTER PRACTICE, THE SINGERS' GALLERY . . . . . . 180 

THE LANDSLIP, LYME REGIS, 4 Engravings . . . . . . 182 et seq. 

SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES, 7 Engravings . . . . . . 196 et seq. 

INSCRIPTION ON SHAPWICK TENOR BELL . . . . . . . . 204 

PORTRAIT, WILLIAM BARNES . . . . . . . . . . 223 

CAME RECTORY, SUMMER, 1882 . . . . . . . . ' . . 224 

AUTUMN, 1886 .. .. .. .. .. 226 

OLD ENTRANCE 250 



RULES 

OF 

THE DORSET NATURAL HISTORY 

AND 

ANTIQUARIAN FIELD CLUB. 



OBJECT AND CONSTITUTION. 

1. The Club shall be called the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian 
Field Club, and shall have for a short title The Dorset Field Club. 

The object of the Club is to promote and encourage an interest in the study of 
the Physical Sciences and Archaeology generally, especially the Natural History of 
the County of Dorset and its Antiquities, Prehistoric records, and Ethnology. 
It shall use its influence to prevent, as far as possible, the extirpation of rare 
plants and animals, and to promote the preservation of the Antiquities of the 
County. 

2. The Club shall consist of (i.) three Officers, President, Honorary Secretary, 
and Honorary Treasurer, who shall be elected annually, and shall form the 
Executive body for its management ; (ii.) Vice -Presidents, of whom the 
Honorary Secretary and Treasurer shall be two, ex officio ; (iii.) The Honorary 
Editor of the Annual Volume of Proceedings ; (iv.) Ordinary Members ; (v.) 
Honorary Members. The President, Vice -Presidents, and Editor shall form a 
Council to decide questions referred to them by the Executive and to elect 
Honorary Members. The Editor shall be nominated by one of the incoming 
Executive and elected at the Annual Meeting. 

There may also be one or more Honorary Assistant Secretaries, who shall be 
nominated by the Honorary Secretary, seconded by the President or Treasurer, 
and elected by the Members at the Annual Meeting. 

Members may be appointed by the remaining Officers to fill interim vacancies 
in the Executive Body until the following Annual Meeting. 

PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

3. The President shall take the chair at all Meetings, and have an original and 
a casting vote on all questions before the Meeting. In addition to the two ex 
officio Vice -Presidents, at least three others shall be nominated by the President, 
or, in his absence, by the Chairman, and elected at the Annual Meeting. 

HON. SECEETAET. 

4. The Secretary shall perform all the usual secretarial work ; cause a 
programme of each Meeting to be sent to every Member seven days at least 



VI. 

before such Meeting; make all preparations for carrying out meetings and, 
with or without the help of a paid Assistant Secretary or others, conduct all 
Field Meetings. On any question arising between the Secretary (or Acting 
Secretary) and a Member at a Field Meeting, the decision of the Secretary shall 
be final. 

The Secretary shall receive from each Member his or her share of the day's 
expenses, and thereout defray all incidental costs and charges of the Meeting, 
rendering an account of the same before the Annual Meeting to the Treasurer ; 
any surplus of such collection shall form part of the General Fund, and any 
deficit be defrayed out of that Fund. 

HON. TBEASTJREB. 

5. The Treasurer shall keep an account of Subscriptions and all other moneys 
of the Club received and of all Disbursements, rendering at the Annual General 
Meeting a balance sheet of the same, as well as a general statement of the Club's 
finances. He shall send copies of the Annual Volume of Proceedings for each 
year to Ordinary Members who have paid their subscriptions for that year (as 
nearly as may be possible, in the order of such payment), to Honorary Members, 
and to such Societies and individuals as the Club may, from time to time, appoint 
to receive them. He shall also furnish a list at each Annual Meeting, containing 
the names of all Members in arrear, with the amount of their indebtedness to the 
Club. He shall also give notice of their election to all New Members. 

ORDINARY MEMBERS. 

6. Ordinary Members are entitled to be present and take part in the Club's 
proceedings at all Meetings, and to receive the published "Proceedings" 
of the Club, when issued, for the year for which their subscription has been 
paid. 

7. Every candidate for admission shall be nominated in writing by one 
Member and seconded by another, to one of whom at least he must be personally 
known. He may be proposed at any Meeting, and shall receive programmes of 
Meetings arid exercise all the functions of a Member, except voting and bringing 
friends to Meetings. His name shall appear in the programme of the first 
following Meeting at which a Ballot is held, when he shall be elected by ballot, 
one black ball in six to exclude. Twelve Members shall form a quorum for the 
purpose of election. A Ballot shall be held at the Annual and Winter Meetings, 
and may be held at any other Meeting, should the Executive so decide, notice 
being given in the programme. 

8. The Annual Subscription shall be 10s., which shall become due and 
payable in advance on the 1st of. January in each year. Subscriptions paid on 
election after September in each year shall be considered as subscriptions for the 
following year, unless otherwise agreed upon by such Member and the Treasurer. 
Every Member shall pay immediately after his election the sum of ten shillings as 
Entrance Fee, in addition to his first Annual Subscription. 



Vll. 

9. No person elected a Member shall be entitled to exercise any privilege as 
such until he has paid his Entrance Fee and first Subscription, and no Member 
shall be entitled to receive a copy of the " Proceedings" for any year until his 
Subscription for that year has been paid. 

10. A registered letter shall be sent by the Hon. Treasurer to any Member 
whose Subscription is in arrear at the date of any Annual Meeting, demanding 
payment within 28 days, failing which he shall cease to be a Member of the Club, 
but shall, nevertheless, be liable for the arrears then due. 

11. Members desiring to leave the Club shall give notice of the same m 
writing to the Treasurer (or Secretary), but, unless such notice is given before the 
end of January in any year, they shall be liable to pay the Annual Subscription 
due to the Club on and after January 1st in that year. 

HONOKAEY MEMBERS. 

12. Honorary Members shall consist of persons eminent for scientific or 
natural history attainments, and shall be elected by the Council. They pay no 
subscription, and have all the privileges of Ordinary Members, except voting. . 

MEETINGS. 

13. The Annual General Meeting shall be held as near the first week in May 
as may be convenient ; to receive the outgoing President's Address (if any) and 
the Treasurer's financial report ; to elect the Officers and Editor for the ensuing 
year; to determine the number (which shall usually be three or four), dates, 
and places of Field Meetings during the ensuing summer, and for general 
purposes. 

14. Two Winter Meetings shall usually be held in or about the months of 
December and February for the exhibition of Objects of Interest (to which not 
more than one hour of the time before the reading of the Papers shall be 
devoted), for the reading and discussion of Papers, and for general purposes. 

The Dates and Places of the Winter and Annual Meetings shall be decided by 
the Executive. 

15. A Member may bring Friends to the Meetings subject to the following 
restrictions : No person (except the husband, wife, or child of a Member), may 
attend the Meeting unaccompanied by the Member introducing him, unless such 
Member be prevented from attending by illness, and no Member may take with 
him to a Field Meeting more than one Friend, whose name and address must be 
submitted to the Hon. Secretary and approved by him or the Executive. 

The above restrictions do not apply to the Executive or to the Acting Secretary 
at the Meeting. 

16. Members must give due notice (with prepayment of expenses) to the Hon. 
Secretary of their intention to be present, with or without a Friend, at any 
Field Meeting, in return for which the Secretary shall send to the Member a card 
of admission to the Meeting, to be produced when required. Any Member who, 
having given such notice, fails to attend will be liable only for any expenses 



Vlll. 

actually incurred on his account, and any balance will be returned to him on 
application. The sum of Is., or such other amount as the Hon. Secretary may 
consider necessary, shall be charged to each person attending a Field Meeting, for 
Incidental Expenses. 

17. The Executive may at any time call a Special General Meeting of the 
Members upon a written requisition (signed by Eight Members) being sent to the 
Honorary Secretary. Any proposition to be submitted shall be stated in the 
Notice, which shall be sent to each Member of the Club not later than seven days 
before the Meeting. 

PAPERS. 

18. Notice shall be given to the Secretary, a convenient time before each 
Meeting, of any motion to be made or any Paper or communication desired to be 
read, with its title and a short sketch of its scope or contents. The insertion of 
these in the Programme is subject to the consent of the Officers of the Club, or 
any two of them. 

19. The Publications of the Club shall be in the hands of the Executive, who 
shall appoint annually Three or more Ordinary Members to form with them and 
the Editor a Publication Committee for the purpose of deciding upon the contents 
of the Annual Volume. These contents shall consist of original papers and 
communications written for the Club, and either read, or accepted as read, at a 
General Meeting ; also of the Secretary's Eeports of Meetings, the Treasurer's 
Financial Statement and Balance Sheet, a list to date of all Members of the Club, 
and of those elected in the current or previous year, with the names of their 
proposers and seconders. The Annual Volume shall be edited by the Editor 
subject to the direction of the Publication Committee. 

20. Twenty -five copies of his paper shall be presented to each author whose 
communication shall appear in the volume as a separate article, on notice being 
given by him to the Publisher to that effect. 

NEW RULES. 

21. No alteration in or addition to these Rules shall be made except with the 
consent of a majority of three-fourths of the Members present at the Annual 
General Meeting, full notice of the proposed alteration or addition having been 
given both in the current Programme and in that of the previous Meeting. 



IX. 

The Dorset natural History and Antiquarian field Club. 



INAUGURATED MARCH 1&th, 1875. 



President : 
NELSON M. KICHAKDSON, ESQ., B.A. 

Vice- Presidents : 

THE LOED EUSTACE CECIL, F.R.G.S. 
EEV. HEEBEET PENTIN, M.A., F.S.A. Ed. (Hon. Secretary). 

CAPTAIN G. E. EL WES, J.P. (Hon. Treasurer}. 

EEV. W. MILES BAENES, B.A. (Hon. Editor}: 

W. H. HUDLESTON, ESQ., M.A., F.E.S., F.L.S., F.G.S. 

EEV. J. C. M. MANSEL-PLEYDELL, M.A. 

H. COLLEY MAECH, ESQ., M.D., F.S.A. 

EEV. 0. PICKAED-CAMBEIDGE, M.A., F.E.S., F.Z.S. 

E. BOSWOETH SMITH, ESQ., M.A. 
HON. MOETON G. STUAET-GEAY, M.A., F.S.A. Ed., F.G.S. 

Hon. Editor : 
Eev. W. MILES BARNES, B.A., Monkton Bectory, Dorchester. 

Executive Body : 

NELSON M. EICHAEDSON, Esq., B.A. (President). 
Eev. HEBBEET PENTIN, M.A., F.S.A. Ed. (Hon. Secretary}, Milton Abbey 

Vicarage, Blaiidford. 
Captain G. E. ELWES, J.P. (Hun. Treasurer}, Bossiugton, Bournemouth. 

Publication Committee : 

The EXECUTIVE, The HON. EDITOE, H. B. MIDDLETON, ESQ., 
Dr. COLLEY MAECH, and E. E. SYKES, Esq. 

Honorary Members: 

W. CAEEUTHEES, Esq., F.E.S., F.G.S., F.L.S., British Museum (Nat. Hist.), 

South Kensington. 

Eev. OSMOND FISHES, M.A., F.G.S., Harlton Bectory, Cambridge. 
A. J. JUKES-BEOWNE, Esq., F.G.S., Floriston, Cleveland Eoad, Torquay. 

E. LYDEKKEB, Esq., F.E.S., The Lodge, Harpendeii, Herts. 
ALFEED NEWTON, Esq., M.A., F.B.S., Professor of Zoology and Comparative 

Anatomy, Magdalen College, Cambridge. 

CLEMENT BEID, Esq., F.E.S., 28, Jermyn Street, London, S.W. 
A. SMITH-WOODWAED, Esq., F.B.S., F.G.S., British Museum (Nat. Hist.), 

South Kensington, London. 

Mr. A. M. WALLIS, 29, Mallams, Portland. 

Sir WM. THISELTON DYEE, Director of Kew Gardens, London. 

Sir FEEDEEICK TBEVES, Bai-t., G.C.V.O., C.B., LL.D., 6, Winipole Street, 

Cavendish Square, London, W. 



LIST OF MEMBERS 

OF THE 

porset ^lafuraC ^tsforp & Jlnitquartan 



Itar of 
Election. ( The initials " O.M." signify " Oi 

1902 The Lord Lieut, of Dorset, the 

Eight Hon. the Earl of Ilches- 
chester 

1903 The Most Hon. the Marquis of 

Salisbury 

1903 The Most Hon. the Marchioness 
of Salisbury 

1902 The Eight Hon. the Earl of 

Shaftesbuiy 

o.ar. The Eight Hon. Viscount Port- 
man 

1884 The Eight Hon. Lord Eustace 
Cecil, F.E.G.S. (rice- President) 

1903 The Eight Hon. the Lady Eustace 

Cecil 

1904 The Eight Eeverend the Lord 

Bishop of Durham, D.D. 
1890 The Eight Eeverend the Lord 
Bishop of Salisbury, D.D. 

1892 The Eight Eeverend the Lord 

Bishop of Worcester, D.D. 
1889 The Eight Hon. Lord Digby 
1895 The Eight Hon. Lord Walsiiig- 

ham,F.E.S. 
O.M. The Eight Hon. Lord Stal- 

bridge 
1903 The Eight Hon. Lord Chelmsford 

1893 Acland, Captain John E. 
o.sr. Acton, Eev. Edward, B.A. 

1905 Aldis, T. S., Esq., M.A. 
1899 Aldridge, Mrs. Selina 
1889 Allen, George, Esq. 
1892 Allhusen, Wilton, Esq. 



iijinal Jlemter.") 

Melbury House, Evershot 

The Manor House, Cranborne 

The Manor House, Cranborne 

St. Giles, Wimborne 

Bryanston, Blaudford 

Lytchett Heath, Poole 

Lytchett Heath, Poole 

Auckland Castle, Bishop's Auckland 

The Palace, Salisbury 

Hartlebury Castle, Kidderminster 
Minterne, Dorchester 

Merton Hall, Thetford, Xorfolk 

Motcombe House, Shaftesbuiy 
Governor's House, Brisbane, Queens- 
land, Australia 
Wollaston House, Dorchester 
Iwenie Minister Vicarage, Blandford 
Bowhayes, Bothenhamptou, Bridport 
Shirley, Dorchester Eoad, Weymouth 
Strangways, Marnhull, Blaudford 
Clevelauds, Lyme Eegis 



1902 Baker, Sir E. Raudolf, Bart. 

1892 Baker, E. Whitley, Esq. 
1887 Bankes, W. Albert, Esq. 
1884 Bankes, Eustace Ralph, Esq. 

1887 Bankes, Kev. Canon, M.A. 

1902 Barkworth, Edmund, Esq. 
1904 Barlow, Major C. M. 

1894 Barnes, Mrs. John lies 

1889 Barnes, Rev. W. M., B.A., R.D. 
(Vice - President and Hon. 
Editor) 

1903 Barnes, F. J., Esq. 

1903 Barnes, Mrs. F. J. 

1884 Barrett, W. Bowles, Esq. 

1895 Bartelot, Rev. R. G., M.A. 
1886 Baskett, Rev. C. R. 

1893 Baskett, S. R., Esq. 

1904 Baskett, Mrs. S. R. 
1889 Batten, H. B., Esq. 

1888 Beckford, F. J., Esq. 
O.JI. Bond, N., Esq. 

1903 Bond, Gerald Denis, Esq. 

1893 Bond, Wm. H., Esq. 

1903 Bond, Wm. Ralph G., Esq. 

1894 Bonsor, Geo., Esq. 

1903 Butler-Bowdon, Bruno, Esq. 

1903 Butler-Bowdon, Mrs. Bruno 

1889 Bower, H. Syiidercombe, Esq. 

1900 Bower, Rev. Charles H. S., M.A. 

1900 Bowker, James, Esq. 

1903 Bramble, Lieut. -Colonel James 

Roger, F.S.A. 

1898 Brandreth, Rev. F. W., M.A. 

1901 Brennand, John, Esq. 

1885 Brennand, W. E., Esq. 

1905 Bromley, Miss 
1898 Brown, J., Esq. 
1900 Brown, Miss 

1891 Browning, Benjamin, Esq., M.D., 
Staff-Surgeon R.N., Fellow of 
the Sanitary Institute of Great 
Britain 



XI. 

Ranston, Blaiidford 

Glencairn, Wimborne 

Wolfeton House, Dorchester 

Norden House, Corfe Castle, Wareham 

The Close, Salisbury 

South House, Piddletrenthide 

Southcot, Channiiister 

Summerhayes, Blaiidford 



Monkton Rectory, Dorchester 

Rodwell, Weymouth 

Rod well, Weymouth 

Weymouth 

Church House, Salisbury 

Bristwith Vicarage, Ripley, Leeds 

Evershot 

Evershot 

Aldon, Yeovil 

Witley, Parkstone 

Holme, Wareham 

Holme, Wareham 

Tyneham, Wareham 

Tyneham, Waredam 

The Gables, Spetisbury 

Upwey House, Upwey 

Upwey House, Upwey 

Fontmell Parva, Shillingstone, Bland - 

ford 
Hinton St. Mary, Sturminster Newton, 

Dorset 
101, Lansdowne Place, Hove, Brighton 

Seafield, Weston- super -Mare 

Buckland Newton, Dorchester 

Belmont, Parkstone 

Blandford 

Stinsford Vicarage, Dorchester 

Maiden Newton 

Belle Vue, Shaftesbury 



Bec-cn-Hent, Yetminstcr, Sherbonic 



Xll. 



1904 Bruce, Rev. A. R. Turing 

1895 Brymer, Rev. J. G., M.A. 

1900 Bulleu, Colonel John Bullen 

Symes 

1894 Burt, Miss Emma 

1897 Busk, W., Esq., A.R.C.A. 

1905 Busk, W., Esq. 
1905 Busk, Mrs. W. 

1901 Bussell, Miss Katherine 

1903 Buttery, Miss E. M. E. 
1891 Carter, William, Esq. 

1904 Cartwright, Rev. G. F., M.A. 
1893 Chadwick, Mrs. 

1903 Champ, A., Esq. 

1905 Chater, F. T., Esq., B.A. 

1904 Christie, D., Esq. 

1883 Chudleigh, Rev. R. Augustine, 

M.A. 

1897 Chudleigh, Mrs. 

1901 Chudleigh, Miss W. M. 

189 1 Church, Colonel Arthur 

1904 Clapcott, Miss 

1892 Clarence, Lovell Burchett, Esq. 

1895 Clarke, R. Stanley, Esq. 
1883 Colfox, Miss A. L. 
1878 Colfox, T. A., Esq. 
O.M. Colfox, W., Esq., B.A. 

1903 Collins, Wm. Wiehe, Esq., R.I. 

1905 Collins, Stephen, Esq., L.C.C. 

1904 Coney, Major Wm. Bickuell 

1902 Cornish, Rev. W. F., M.A. 

1903 Cornish-Browne, C. J., Esq. 
1891 Cother, Rev. P. L., M.A. 

1900 Cox, Henry, Esq., F.S.A., 

F.R.G.S., M.J.S. 

1931 Crallan, G. J., Esq., M.B. 

1905 Cree, Cecil, Esq. 

1886 Crespi, A. J. H., Esq., B.A., 

M.R.C.P. 

1S79 Crickmay, G. R., Esq., F.R.I.B. A. 

1881 Cross, Rev. James, M.A. 



62, Abbotsbury Road, Westham, Wey- 

mouth 
Childe Okeford Rectory, Blaudford 

Catherston Leweston, near Charmouth 

Purbeck House, Swanage 

West Walks, Dorchester 

Wraxall, Maiden Newton, Dorchester 

Wraxall, Maiden Newton, Dorchester 

Thonieloe, Bridport 

Lodmoor House, Weymouth 

The Hermitage, Parkstone 

Woolland, Blaiidford 

Chetnole, Sherborne 

Bradpole Road, Bridport 

Okeford Fitzpaiue, Blaiidford 

Southdown Lodge, Preston, Weymouth 

West Parley Rectory, Wimborne 
West Parley Rectory, Wimborne 
West Parley Rectory, Winiborne 
St. Alban's, Rodwell, Weymouth 
Linden Avenue, Dorchester 
Coaxden, Axmiuster 
Rotherhill, Steadham, Midhurst, Sussex 
Westmead, Bridport 
Coneygar, Bridport 
Westmead, Bridport 
West Holme Lodge, Wareham 
Harborne, St. Ann's Hill, Wands- 
worth, S.W. 

Martiustown, Dorchester 
Steepletou Rectory, Dorchester 
Came House, Dorchester 
1, Clearmount, Weymouth 

Radipole Manor, near Weymouth 
Bodorgan Manor, Bournemouth 
Owermoigne Court, Dorchester 

Winiborne 
Weymouth 

Baillie House, Stumiiiister Marshall, 
Winiborne 



Xlll. 



1890 Cull, James, Esq. 

1885 Curme, Decimus, Esq., M.E.C.S. 

1896 Curtis, C. H., Esq. 

1897 Curtis, Wilfred Parkinson, Esq. 

1903 Dacombe, J. M. J., Esq. 
O.M. Dale, C. W., Esq. 

1905 Danneman, Kev. A. F. J., M.A. 

1902 Darell, D., Esq., F.G.S., F.L.S., 

F.Z.S. 

1893 Dausey, Miss S. J. T. 

1904 Davies, Eev. Canon S. E., M.A. 

1894 Davis, Geo., Esq. 
1904 Deane, Mrs. A. M. 

1904 Dicker, Rev. C. W. H., F.R.G.S. 

1903 Digby, Captain H. Montague 

1904 Donald, W. P., Esq. 

1904 Drake, Rev. Herbert, B.A. 
1900 Du Boulay, Mrs. 

1905 Duke, Henry, Esq. 
1905 Duke, Mrs. Henry 

1896 Dundas, Ven. Archdeacon, M.A. 

1904 Dugdale, J. B., Esq. 

1891 Eaton, Henry S., Esq. 

1897 Edwards, Miss Sarah Powell 

1885 Elwes, Captain G. R. (Vicc- 

Prc.tirfcnt and Hon. Treasurer) 

1905 Evans, Miss Isabel Warwick 
1905 Evans, Miss Annie Elizabeth 

1886 Falkner, C.G., Esq., M.A. 
1884 Farley, Rev. H., M.A. 

1903 Farrer, Colonel Philip 
1905 Feacey, Jem, Esq. 

1900 Ferguson, Colonel C. J. O'Neill 

1904 Ffooks, Mrs. E. Archdall 
1904 Fielding, Thos., Esq., M.D. 
1903 Figgis, Rev. J. N., M.A. 

1892 Filleul, Rev. S. E. V., M.A. 
1889 Filliter, George Clavell, Esq. 
1896 Filliter, Rev. W. D., M.A. 

1901 Fisher, Mrs. J. F. 



47, Phillimore Gardens, Campdeu Hill, 

London, W. 

Childe Okeford, Blandford 
Blandford 

Aysgarth, Parkstone Road, Poole 
27, Holdenhurst Road, Bournemouth 
Glanvilles Wootton, Sherbome 
Broadway 

Ford Hill, Townstal, Dartmouth, 
Devon 

Lindisfarne, Weymouth 

Wyke Regis Rectory, Weymouth 

Prince of Wales' Road, Dorchester 

Clay Hill House, near Gilliugham 

Charminster, Dorchester 

Chalmington House, Cattistock, Dor- 
chester 

County Education Office, Dorchester 

Worth Matravers, Wareham 

2, Royal Terrace. Weymouth 

Clandon, Dorchester 

Clandon, Dorchester 

Charminster Vicarage, Dorchester 

Sandford, Wareham 

The National Club, 1, Whitehall 
Gardens, London, S.W. 

11, Greeiihill, Weymouth 

Bossington, Bournemouth 

Clandon, Dorchester 

Clandon, Dorchester 

Iretoii Bank, Rusholme, Manchester 

Lytchett Minster, Poole 

Bimiegar Hall, Wareham 

Dorchester 

The Dinedors, Spa Road, Weymouth 

Sherbome 

Milton Abbas, Blandford 

Marnhull Rectory, Blandford 

All Saints' Rectory, Dorchester 

St. Martin's House, Wareham 

East Ltilworth Vicarage, Wareham 

Vines Close, Wimborne 



XIV. 



1890 Fletcher, W. H. B., Esq. 

1878 Fletcher, W. J., Esq., F.R.I.B.A. 

1885 Floyer, G. W., Esq., B.A. 

1895 Forbes, Mrs. 

189" Forde, Henry, Esq. 

1893 Forrester, Hugh Carl, Esq., B.A. 

1893 Forrester, Mrs. 

190") Forrester, Miss S. Blanche J. 

1878 Freame, R., Esq. 

189.5 Fry, Edward Alexander, Esq. 

1903 Fry, George S., Esq. 

1898 Fullaway, Mrs. 

O.M. Fyler, Captain J. W. T. 

1892 Gallwey, Captain E. Payne 
O.M. Galpin, G., Esq. 

1896 George, C. E. A., Esq. 
1896 George, Mrs. 

1904 Glover, Rev. J. R. 

1890 Glyn. Captain Carr Stuart 

1898 Glyn, Lieut. -General J. P. Carr 

O.M. Glyn, Sir R. G., Bart. 

1895 Godman. F. du Cane, Esq., F.R.S. 
1903 Gordon, George H., Esq. 

1883 Gorringe, Rev. P. R., M.A. 

1903 Gorringe, Mrs. P. R. 
1888 Greves, Hyla, Esq., M.D. 

1888 Griffin, F.C.G., Esq., M.A..M.B 

1904 Groves, Herbert J., Esq. 

1896 Haggard, Rev. H. A., M.A. 

1893 Hall, Chas. Lillington, Esq. 

1903 Hambro, Everard A., Esq. 

1900 Hambro, C. Eric, Esq., M.P. 
1893 Hankey, Rev. Canon, M.A., R.D. 

1886 Hansford, Charles, Esq. 

1901 Hardwick, Stewart, Esq. 
1890 Harrison, Rev. F. T., M.A. 

1897 Harston, Comdr. F. A. (late R. X.) 



Aldwick Manor, Bognor, Sussex 
The Chantry, Wimborne 
West Stafford, Dorchester 
Shillingstone, Blandford 
Luscombe, Parkstone 
St. John's Cottage, Shaftesbury 
Bryanston, Blaudford 
Bryanston, Blandford 
The Chantry, Gillingham 
11, The Hawthorns, Regent's Park 
Road, Church End, Finchley 

11, The Hawthorns, Regent's Park 
Road, Church End, Finchley 

Sturminster Newton 

Hethfelton, Wareham 

Beacon Hill, Weymouth 

Clarendon Court, Clarendon, Road 
Bournemouth 

Fleet House, near Weymouth 

Fleet House, near Weymouth 

Winterbonie Clenstoue Rector}-, 
Blandford 

Wood Leaze, Wimborne 

Uddens, Wimborne 

Gaunts House, Wimborne 

South Lodge, Lower Seeding, Horsham 

North Cheriton, Templecombe, Somer- 
set 

Manston Rectory, Blandford 

Manston Rectory, Blandford 

Rodney House, Bournemouth 

12, Royal Terrace, Weymouth 
Clifton, Weymouth 
Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire 
Osmington Lodge, Osmington, Wey- 
mouth 

Milton Abbey, Dorset 
70, Prince's Gate, London, S.W. 
Maiden Newton Rectory, Dorchester 
Dorchester 

21, Commercial Road, Bournemouth 
Burton Bradstock Rectory, Bridport 
Newlands, Gleudmuing Avenue, Wey- 
mouth 



1896 Hart -Dyke, Rev. Canon P., M.A. 

1900 Hasluck, Rev. Ernest, M.A. 

1898 Hassell, Miss 

1894 Hawkins, W., Esq., M.E.C.S. 

1903 Hawkins, Mrs. H. 

1903 Hawkins, Miss Isabel 

1893 Hayne, R., Esq. 

1889 Head, J. Merrick, Esq., M.R.I.A., 

F.R.G.S., F.P.S. 

1905 Heath, F. R., Esq. 

1905 Heath, Sidney H. S., Esq. 

1903 Heathcote, Colonel Gilbert 

1899 Heimiiig, Mrs. 

1901 Hill, R. E., Esq. 

1902 Hine, R., Esq. 
1885 Hogg, B. A., Esq. 

1902 Homer, Miss E. C. Wood 
1883 Howard, Sir R. N. 

1897 Hudleston, W. H., Esq., M.A., 

F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S. (Vice- 
President) 

1888 Huntley, H. E., Esq. 

1893 Hurdle, H. A., Esq., A.R.A.M. 

1894 Hussey, Rev. J., M.A. 

1903 Jenkins, Rev. T. Leonard, M.A. 

1904 Jones, Rev. J. F., M.A. 

1893 Kerr, E. W., Esq., M.D. 

1899 Kettlewell, Geo. Douglas, Esq. 

1895 Lafontaine, A. C. de, Esq., 

F.S.A. 

1904 Lamb, F. W. J. A., Esq., M.D., 

D.P.H. 

1902 Langdon, Miss M. 

1901 Langford, Rev. Canon, M.A. 

1883 Leach, J. Comyns, Esq., M.D. 

1901 Lee, W. H. Markham, Esq., 

I.S.M. 

1900 Legge, Miss Jane 

1899 Le Jeune, H., Esq. 

1900 Leslie, Rev. E. C., M.A. 

1902 Lewis, Rev. A., M.A. 

1894 Linklater, Rev. Robert, D.D. 



Lullingstone, Wimbome 

Handley Vicarage, Salisbury 

"Westfield Lodge, Parkstone 

Broadway, Dorchester 

Rew House, Martinstown, Dorchester 

Wyke, Sherbonie 

Fordington House, Dorchester 

Pennsylvania Castle, Portland 

The Woodlands, Weymouth 

The Woodlands, Weymouth 

East Lulworth, Wareham 

Frome, Dorchester 

Long Lynch, Childe Okeford, Shilling - 

stone 

Beaminster 
Dorchester 

Bardolf Manor, Puddletown 
Weymouth 



West Holme, Wareham 
Charltoii House, Blandford 
2, Frederick Place, Weymouth 
Pimpenie Rectory, Blandford 
Leigh Vicarage, Sherbome 
Osmington Vicarage, Weymouth 
South Street, Dorchester 
Capstone Lodge, Ilfracombe, Devon 

Athelhampton, Dorchester 

Cornwall Road, Dorchester 
Parrock's Lodge, Chard 
Belle Vue, Higher Hove, Plymouth 
The Lindens, Stunninster Newton, 
Blandford 

Wyke Regis, Weymouth 

Allington Villa, Bridport 

St. Ives, Upper Parkstone, Dorset 

Came Rectory, Dorchester 

Littlebredy, Dorchester 

Stroud Green Vicarage, London, N. 



XVI. 



1890 Lister, Arthur, Esq., F.R.S., 

F.L.S. 

1890 Lister, Miss Gulielma 
1902 Littledale, T. A. R., Esq. 

1900 Lock, Mrs. A. H. 

1892 Lock, B. F., Esq. 

1893 Lock, Miss Mary C. 
1905 Lush, Mrs. W. Vawdrey 

1901 Lys, F. D., Esq., M.R.C.S., 

L.R.C.P. 
1888 Macdonald, P. W., Esq., M.D. 

1902 Mainwaring, Lieut. - Colonel 

F. G. L. 
1890 Manger, A. T., Esq. 

1894 Maiisel-Pleydell, Mrs. 

1899 Maiisel-Pleydell, Rev. J. C. M., 

M.A., R.D. (Vice- President) 

1896 March, H. Colley, Esq., M.D., 

F.S.A., M.R.S.A.I., F.A.I. 

( Vice-President) 

1883 Marriott, Sir W. Smith, Bart. 
1904 Marsh, J. L., Esq. 

1897 Martin, Miss Eileen 

1885 Mate, William, Esq., F.R. Hist. 
Soc. 

1901 Maude, W., Esq., B.C.L. 
1879 Mauiisell, Rev. F. W., M.A. 
O.M. Mayo, Rev. Canon, M.A., R.D. 

1902 Mayo, Miss B. 

1904 Mears, Mrs. 

o.M. Middleton, H. B., Esq. 

1900 Middleton, Miss L. M. 
1890 Milne, Rev. Percy H., M.A. 
O.M. Moorhead, J., Esq., M.A., M.D. 

1905 Morgan, Mrs. 

1895 Morrice, G. G., Esq., M.A., 

M.D. 
1897 Moullin, Arthur D., Esq. 

1904 Newman, Rev. W. A., B.A. 

1905 Nicholson, Captajii Hugh 
18SG Okedeu, Colonel U. E. Parry 



High Cliffe, Lyme Regis 

High Cliffe, Lyme Regis 

11, Greenhill, Weymouth 

53, High West Street, Dorchester 

11. New Square, Lincoln's Inn, London 
53, High West Street, Dorchester 

12, Frederick Place, Weymouth 

Highclere, Rodwell, Weymouth 
County Asylum, Dorchester 

Wabey House, Upwey 
Stock Hill, Gilliugham 
Lougthorus, Blaudford 

Sturmins'ter Newton Vicarage, Bland - 
ford 



Portesham, Dorchester 
The Down House, Blaudford 
White Cliff Mill Street, Blandford 
4, Greenhill, Weymouth 

Homehurst, Westboume, Bourne- 
mouth 

Brackenwood, Bournemouth 
Symondsbury Rectory, Bridport 
Long Burton Vicarage, Sherbonie 
Friar Waddoii, Dorchester 

Milton Abbas Grammar School, Bland- 
ford 

Bradford Peverell, Dorchester 
Lulworth, Wareham 
Evershot Rectory, Dorchester 

1, Royal Terrace, Weymouth 
Haselbury Bryan Rectory, Blaudford 

17, Royal Terrace, Weymouth 
Fermain, Cranbourne Road, Swanage 
Winterborne Kingston, Wareham 
Thornford Rectory, Sherbonie 
Turuworth, Bluiidibrd 



XVII. 



1904 Oliver, Weston, Esq., M.A. 

1904 Palmes, Captain Gerald 

1896 Pass, Alfred C., Esq. 

1890 Patey, Miss 

1893 Payne, Miss Eleanor 

1894 Payne, Miss Florence 0. 

1897 Pearson, W. E., Esq. 
1901 Peck, Gerald R., Esq. 
1878 Penny, Rev. J., M.A. 

1901 Pentin, Rev. Herbert M.A., 

F.S.A. Ed. (Vice -President and 
Hon. Secretary) 

1893 Perkins, Rev. T., M.A., F.R.A.S. 

1894 Peto, Sir Henry, Bart. 

1896 Phillips, Mrs. 

1889 Philpot, J. E. D., Esq. 

1898 Pickard-Cambridge, A. W., Esq. 

M.A. 

O.M. Pickard - Cambridge, Rev. O., 

M.A., F.R.S. (Vice-President) 

1886 Pike, T. M., Esq. 

1903 Pike, LeonardG., Esq. 

19^4 Pinney, Geo. F., Esq. 

1903 Pitt-Rivers, A. L. Fox, Esq., 

F.S.A. 

1905 Pitt-Rivers, Mrs. A. L. Fox 

1904 Plowman, Rev. L. S. 
1896 Pond, S., Esq. 

1894 Ponting, Chas. E., Esq., F.S.A. 

O.M. Pope, Alfred, Esq. 

1902 Pope, Miss Violet 

1905 Pope, Miss Hilda 
1900 Pope, George, Esq. 

1896 Prideaux, C. S., Esq., L.D.S. 

1900 Prideaux, W. de C., Esq., L.D.S. 

1905 Pringle, Henry T., Esq., M.D. 

1905 Pringle, Mrs. Henry T. 

188S Pye, William, Esq. 

1888 Radclyffe, Eustace, Esq. 

1902 Rails, James, Esq. 

1905 Ramsden, Mrs. 



Castle House, Weymouth 

Bere Regis, Wareham 

Manor House, Wootton Fitzpaine, 

Charmouth 
Holmlea, Lincoln 
13, Greenhill, Weymouth 
Rydal, Wimborne 
4, Westerhall Villas, Weymouth 
Sandacres, Parkstone 
Tan-ant Rushton Rectory, Blandford 



Milton Abbey Vicarage, Blandford 
Turnworth Rectory, Blandford 
Chedington Court, Misterton, Crew- 

kenie 

Okeford Fitzpaine, Blandford 
Holme Cleve, Lyme Regis 

22, St. Margaret's Road, Oxford 

Bloxworth Rectory, Wareham 

c/o Mr. J. Pope, Wilts and Dorset 

Bank, Wareham 
Kingbarrow, Wareham 
Brooklands, Beaminster 

Hinton St. Mary, Blandford 

Hinton St. Mary, Blandford 

Ibberton Rectory, Blandford 

Blandford 

Wye House, Marlborough 

South Court. Dorchester 

South Court, Dorchester 

South Court, Dorchester 

Weston Hall, Bournemouth 

32, High West Street, Dorchester 

32, High West Street, Dorchester 

Ferndown, Wimborne 

Femdown 

Dunmore, Rodwell, Weymouth 

Hyde, Wareham 

Bridport 

Great Bidlake, Bridestow, X. Devon 



XV111. 



o.M. Ravenhill, Rev. Canon, M.A., R.D 

1905 Raymond, F., Esq. 

1899 Reeve, Mrs. Henry 

1899 Rendell, W. F., Esq. 

1886 Reynolds, Mrs. Arthur 

1904 Rhydderch, Rev. W. 

1887 Richardson, N. M., Esq., B.A. 

(Preside tit) 

1889 Ridley, Rev. O.M., M.A. 

1901 Ridley, Rev. J. 
1894 Rixon, W. A., Esq. 

1890 Robinson, Sir Charles, F.S.A. 
1898 Robinson, Vincent, Esq., C.I.E., 

F.S.A. 

1886 Rodd, Edward Stanhope, Esq. 
1889 Russell, Colonel C. J., R.E. 

1905 Saunt, Miss 
1905 Saunt Miss B. V. 

1889 Schuster, Rev. W. P., M.A. 

1904 Seaman, Rev. C. E., M.A. 

1883 Searle, Alan, Esq. 

1902 Sells, Rev. Alfred, M.A. 

1903 Sewell, R. B. Seymour, Esq., 

B.A., F.A.I. 

1896 Shepheard, Thomas, Esq., 

F.R.M.S. 

1903 Shepherd, Rev. C. S., F.C.S. 
1903 Sheridan, Mrs. A. T. Brinsley 

1884 Sherren, J. A., Esq., F.R. Hist. S. 

1905 Sherren, Wilkinson, Esq. 

1897 Simpson, Jas., Esq. 
1S95 Simpson, Miss 

1898 Slater, Robert, Esq., F.G.S. 

1899 Smith, Howard Lyon, Esq., 

L.R.C.P. 

1902 Smith, R. Bosworth, Esq., M.A. 

( Vice- President) 
1894 Snook, S. P., Esq., M.R.C.S., 

L.R.C.P. 
1905 Smith, Rev. E. Heriz, M.A. 



Buckland Newton Vicarage, Dor- 
chester 

Garry o wen, Dorchester 
62, Rutland Gate, London, W. 
Hallow Dene, Parkstone 
Westlaud, Bridport 
Owermoigne Rectory, Dorchester 

Montevideo, Chickerell, near Wey- 

mouth 

East Hill, Charminster, Dorchester 
The Rectory, Pulham, Dorchester 
Alfoxton Park, Holford, Bridgwater 
Newton Manor, Swanage 

Paniham, Beaminster 
Chardstock House, Chard 
Clavinia, Weymouth 
Buxton, Rodwell, Weymouth 
Buxton, Rodwell, Weymoutli 
The Vicarage, West Lulworth 
Stalbridge Rectory, Blandford 
Wilts and Dorset Banking Company, 

Southampton 
Bodorgan Manor, Bournemouth 

Christ's College, Cambridge 

Kingsley, Bournemouth West 
Worth Matravers Vicarage, Wareham 
Frampton Court, Dorchester 
Helmsley, Weymouth 
Helmsley, Weymouth 
Minterne Grange, Parkstone 
1'2, Greenhill, Weymouth 
Waverley, Swanage 

Buckland House, Buckland Newton, 
Dorchester 

Bingham's Melcombe, Dorchester 

20, Trinity Road, Weymouth 
Tarraut Hiuton Rectory, Blandford 



XIX. 



1888 Solly, Rev. H. S., M.A. 

1901 Sotheby, Eev. W. E. H., M.A., 

E.D. 

1896 Sowter, Eev. Canon F. B., M.A. 
1900 Stephens, W. L., Esq. 
1905 Stephens, J. Thompson, Esq. 

1903 Stilwell, H., Esq. 

1900 Storer, Colonel, late E.E. 

1900 Stopford, Admiral 
1883 Stroud, Eev. J., M.A. 

1895 Stuart-Gray, Hon. M. G., M.A., 
F.S.A. Ed., F.G.S. (Vice- 
President) 

1895 Sturdy, Leonard, Esq. 

1896 Sturdy, Philip, Esq. 

1902 Sturdy, Miss V. 

1898 Sturt, W. Neville, Esq. 
1902 Sumner, Heywood, Esq. 

1898 Suttill, H. S., Esq. 

1896 Swift, B. Eyle, Esq., M.A. 
1885 Sydenham, David, Esq. 

1893 Sykes, E. E., Esq., B.A., F.Z.S. 

1889 Symes, G. P., Esq., M.A., B.C.L. 

1904 Symonds, Arthur G., Esq. 
1904 Symonds, Henry, Esq. 

1897 Taylor, J. Herbert, Esq. 

1901 Telfordsmith, Telford, Esq., 

M.A., M.D. 
O.M. Thompson, Eev. G., M.A. 



1898 Troy te -Bullock, Mrs. 

1905 Truell, Mrs. 

1886 Turner, W., Esq. 

O.M. Udal, J. S., Esq., F.S.A. 

1897 Usher, Eev. E., M.A., F.L.S. 

1890 Usherwood, Eev. Canon, M.A. 

1903 Usherwood, Miss E. L. 

1905 Van Eaalte, Chas., Esq., F.S.A. 

1887 Walker, Eev. S. A., M.A. 



Bridport 

Bere Eegis Vicarage, "VVareham 
Berghmote, Wimborne 
West Bay, Bridport 
Wanderwell, Bridport 
Steepleton Manor, Dorchester 
Keavil, Bournemouth 
Shroton House, Blaiidford 
Lillesden, Broadstone 



Gray House, Dundee, N.B. 

Trigon, Wareham 

The Wick, Branksome, near Bourne- 
mouth 

The Wick, Branksome, near Bourne- 
mouth 

Baytree Farm, Great Horkesley, Col- 
chester 

Cuckoo Hill, South Gorley, Fording - 
bridge, Hants 

Pymore, Bridport 

Holly Bank, Dorchester 

Bournemouth 

3, Gray's Inn Place, Gray's Inn, 
London, W.C. 

Monksdene, Weymouth 

South Street, Dorchester 

30, Bolton Gardens, London, S.W. 

Grayrigg, Parkstone 

Eomansleigh, Wimborne 
Highbury, Bodorgan Eoad, Bourne- 
mouth 

Silton Lodge, Zeals, Bath 
Onslow, Wimbome 
42, High Street, Poole 
Antigua, Leeward Islands, West Indies 
West Knoyle Eectory, Bath 
Coombe Keynes, Wareham 
Coombe Keynes, Wareham 
Brownsea Island, Dorset 
Spetisbury Eectoiy, Blandford 



XX. 



1885 Ward, Rev. J. H., M.A. 

1905 Ward, Samuel, Esq. 

O.M. Warre, Rev. Canon F., M.A. 

1904 Warry, Mrs. King 

1904 Warry, Wm., Esq. 

O.M. Watts, Rev. Canon, M.A. 

1905 Watts, Miss 

1898 Waugh, Rev. W. R., F.R.A.S. 

1903 Weatherby, Miss Katherine 
1893 Weaver, Rev. F. W.,M.A.,F.S.A. 
1896 Webb, E. Doran, Esq., F.S.A. 

1904 Westcott, Rev. Canon F. B., M.A. 

1895 Whitby, Joseph, Esq. 

1905 Whitby, Miss Mar j one 

1904 Wildman, W. B., Esq., M.A. 

1900 Wilkinson, Rev. J. H., M.A. 

1903 Wilkinson, Percy, Esq. 

1892 Williams, E. W., Esq., B.A. 
1903 Williams, Captain Berkeley C. W. 

1897 Williams, Miss 

1884 Williams, Robert, Esq., M.P. 

1884 Williams, Mrs. Robert 

1905 Williams, Mrs. M. Scott 
1905 Wills, A. W., Esq., M.P. 

1898 Woodhouse, Miss 

1903 Woodhouse, Miss Ellen E. 
1898 Workman, J. Reece, Esq., C.E. 

1904 Wright, W. Southey, Esq., B.A., 

M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. 
1902 Wright, Rev. Herbert L., B.A. 
1904 Yates, Robert, Esq. 

1896 Yeatman, Mrs. 

1901 Yeatman, Miss E. F. 

1893 Young, E. W., Esq. 



Silverton Rectory, near Exeter 

R, Greenhill, Weymouth 

Bemerton, Salisbury 

39, Filey Avenue, Clapton Common, 
London, N. 

Westrow, Holwell, Sherborne 

Bemertou, Salisbury 

Bemerton, Salisbury 

Rossi yn Villa, Spring Gardens, Portland 

Frome St. Quinton House, Cattistock 

Milton Vicarage, Evercreech, Somerset 

Gaston, Tisbury, Wilts 

The School House, Sherborne 

Preston, Yeovil 

Preston, Yeovil 

The Abbey House, Sherborne 
Melcombe Biiigham Rectory, Dor- 
chester 

Sturminster Newton 

Herringston, Dorchester 

Herringston, Dorchester 

Eastwell, Pottenie, Devizes, Wilts 

Bridehead, Dorchester 

Bridehead, Dorchester 

Woolland House, Blandford 

3, Hyde Park Gate, London, S.W. 

Chilmore, Ansty, Dorchester 

Chilmore, Ansty, Dorchester 

Catherington, Milbrook, Southampton 

Wool, Wareham 

Church Knowle Rectory, Corfe Castle 

Milton Abbas, Blandford 

114, Denbigh Street, London, S.W. 

King's Stagg, Sturminster Newton 

Dorchester 



The above list includes the New Members elected up to 
December 1st, 1905. 

Any omissions or errors should be notified to the Hon. Secretary. 



XXI. 



ELECTED SINCE THE PUBLICATION OF THE LIST CONTAINED 
IN VOL. XXV. 



PROPOSED SEPT. 13TH, 1904; ELECTED DEC. 13TH, 1904. 
Member. Proposer. Seconder. 

H. J. Groves, Esq., of Clifton, The Hon. Secretary A. Pope, Esq. 

Weymouth 

The Rev. W. A. Newman, B.A., of K. Bosworth Smith, The Hon. Secretary 

Winterborne Kingston, Ware- Esq. 

ham 

Captain Gerald Palmes, of Bere The Eev. W. E. H. E. Bosworth Smith, 

Regis, Wareham Sotheby Esq. 

The Rev. C. E. Seaman, M.A., of Canon H.E. Raven- Canon C. H. Mayo 

Stalbridge Rectory, Dorset hill 

Henry Symonds, Esq., of 30, Hon. J. S. Udal The Rev. W. Miles 

Bolton Gardens, S.W. Barnes 

Mrs. King Warry, of 39, Filey The Hon. Secretary The Rev. W. Rhyd- 

Avenue, Clapton Common, N. derch 

PEOPOSED DEC. 19m, 1904 ; ELECTED FEB. 21ST, 1905. 
Member. Proposer. ^ Seconder. 

T. S. Aldis, Esq., M.A., of Bow- Mrs. F. Reynolds W. L. Stephens, Esq. 

hayes,Bothenhampton, Bridport 
Miss Bromley, of Stiusford Vicar- Rev. S. E. V. Filleul Rev.W. E. H. Sotheby 

age, Dorchester 
F. T. Chater, Esq., B.A., of Rev. L. S. Plowman The Hon. Secretary 

Ibberton, Blandford 
Mrs. Mears, of Milton Abbas Mrs. Barnes ,, 

Grammar School, Blandford 
Capt. Hugh Nicholson, of Thorn- G. R. Crickmay, A. Pope, Esq. 

ford Rectory, Sherborne Esq. 

Miss Saunt, of Buxton, Rodwell, Miss E. Simpson W. E. Pearson, Esq. 

Weymouth 
Miss B. V. Saunt, of Buxton, ,, ,, 

Rodwell, Weymouth 

Mrs. Truell, of Onslow, Wimborne N. Bond, Esq. G. D. Bond, Esq. 

C. Van Raalte, Esq., F.S.A., of ,, The Hon. Secretary 

Brownsea Island, Dorset 
Samuel Ward, Esq., of Ingleton, The President W. E. Pearson, Esq. 

Greenhill, Weymouth 



XX11. 

PROPOSED FEB. 21sr, 190-5 ; ELECTED MAT QTH, 1905. 
Member. Proposer. Seconder. 

The Worshipful Chancellor C. E. The Hon. Secretary The Rev. W. Miles 

H. Chadwyck-Healey, K.C., Barnes 

F.S.A., of 119, Harley-street, 

London, W. 
Henry Duke, Esq., of Clandon, The Rev. J. C. M. Mrs. Mansel-Pleydell 

Dorchester Mansel-Pleydell 

Mrs. Henry Duke, of Clandon ,. ,, 

Miss I. W. Evans, of Clandon ,, ,, 

Miss A. E. Evans, of Clandon ,, 

Miss S. B. J. Forrester, of Bryan- G. Galpin, Esq. D. Curme, Esq. 

ston, Blandford 
C. Eric Hambro, Esq., M.P., The Hon. Secretary Dr. T, Fielding 

of 70, Prince's Gate, London, 

S.W. 
Miss Hilda Pope, of South Court, The President A. Pope, Esq. 

Dorchester 
H. T. Pringle, Esq., M.D., of Dr. T. Telfordsmith W. J. Fletcher, Esq. 

Ferndown, Wimborne 

Mrs. H. T. Priugle, of Ferndown 

Mrs. Ramsden, of Bidelake, The Rev. W. F. G. Galpin, Esq. 

Bridestow, X. Devon Cornish 

F. Raymond, Esq., of Garryo wen, C. S. Prideaux, Esq. W. de C. Prideaux, 

Dorchester Esq. 

Wilkinson Sherren, Esq., of The Hon. Secretary C. S. Prideaux, Esq. 

Helmsley, Weymouth 
A. W. Wills, Esq., M.P., of 3, R. Bosworth Smith, Dr. T. Fielding 

Hyde Park Gate, London, S.W. Esq. 

PEOPOSED MAY OTH AND JULY 4iH, 1905; ELECTED Aua. STH, 1905. 
Member. Proposer. Seconder. 

W. Busk, Esq., of Wraxall, T. A. Coif ox, Esq. Canon M. Hankey 

Maiden Xewton 

Mrs. W. Busk, of Wraxall 

Cecil Cree, Esq., of Owermoigne Rev. W. Rhydderch Captain J. E. Acland 

Court, Dorchester 

F. R. Heath, Esq., of The Wood- R. Bosworth Smith, E. W. Young, Esq. 

lands, Weymouth Esq. 

Sidney H. S. Heath, Esq., of The Dr. H. Colley March J. A. Sherren, Esq. 

Woodlands, Weymouth 



XX111. 



Mrs. Morgan, of Haselbury Bryan Rev. G. F. Cart- 
Rectory, Blandford wright 

The Rev. E. J. Heriz Smith, M. A., 

of Tarrant Hinton Rectory, 
Blandford 

Mi's. M. Scott Williams, of ,, 

Woolland House, Blandford 

J. T. Stephens, Esq., of Wander- W. L. 
well, Bridport Esq. 

Miss Marjorie Whitby, of Preston, The President 
Yeovil 

The Rev. A. F. J. Danneman, W. Hawkins, Esq. 
M.A., of Broadway, Dorchester 

Stephen Collins, Esq., L.C.C., of F. J. Barnes, Esq. 
Harborne, St. Anne's Hill, 
Wandsworth, S.W. 



Rev. L. S. Plowman 



Stephens, Win. Colfox, Esq. 



Rev. W. Miles Barnes 

Miss E. C. Wood 

Homer 
Weston Oliver, Esq. 



PROPOSED AUG. STH, 1904 ; ELECTED SEPT. 14m, 1905. 

Member. Proposer. Seconder. 

J. Feacey, Esq., of Dorchester Captain J.E.Acland Dr. H. Colley March 

Mrs. A. L. F. Pitt Rivers, of Hin- Lord Eustace Cecil The President 
ton St. Mary, Sturmiiister New- 
ton 

Miss Watts, of Bemerton, Salis- The Rev. Sub-Dean The Hon. Secretary 

bury R. R. Watts 



XXIV. 

PUBLICATIONS. 

Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian 
Field Club. Vols. I. XXVI. Price 10s. 6d. each volume, post free. 

General Index to the Proceedings. Vols. I. XXV. Price 6d., by 
post 7d. 

The Church Bells of Dorset. By the Rev. Canon RAVEN, D.D., F.S. A. 
Price (in parts, as issued), 6s. 6d., post free. 

Church Goods, Dorset, A.D. 1552. By the Rev. W. MILES BARXES. 
Price (as issued) 2s. 6d., post free. 

By the late J. C. MANSEL-PLETDELL, B.A., F.G.S., F.L.S. 
The Flora of Dorset. 2nd Edition. Price 12s. 
The Birds of Dorset. Price 5s. 
The Mollusca of Dorset. Price 5s. 

By the Rev. 0. PICKAED-CAMBEIDGE, M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S. 
Spiders of Dorset. 2 vols. Price 25s., post free. 
The British Phalangidea, or Harvest Men. Price 5s., post free. 
British Chernetidea, or False Scorpions. Price 3s., post free. 

The Volumes of Proceedings, and the General Index, can be obtained from 
Captain Elwes, Bossington, Bournemouth ; the Church Bells and Church Goods 
of Dorset, from the Rev. W. Miles Barnes, Monkton Rectory, Dorchester ; Mr. 
Mansel-Pleydell's works, from the Curator of the Dorset County Museum, 
Dorchester ; and the Rev. O. Pickard- Cambridge's works, from the Author, 
Bloxworth Rectory, Wareham. 



SOCIETIES IN CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE 
FIELD CLUB. 

British Museum. 

British Museum of Natural History. 

British Association. 

Bristol Naturalists' Society. 

Devon Association for the Advancement of Science. 

Hampshire Field Club. 

Manchester Literary and Philosophic Society* 

Society of Antiquaries, London. 

Royal Society of Antiquaries, Ireland. 

Somerset Archaeological Society. 



porsei ^JlafuraC ^tsfor^ & Antiquarian 



DURING THE SEASON 1904-1905. 



WINTER SESSION, 1904-1905. 

THE FIRST MEETING of the winter session of the Field Club 
was held in the Reading Room of the Museum on Tuesday, 
December i3th. The President (Mr. Nelson M. Richardson) 
took the chair at 12.45. The meeting was very well attended. 

THE MEMBERSHIP. Six candidates were elected members 
and ten proposed for membership. 

REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION. 
A short report, written by Mr. Clement Reid, F.R.S., who 
attended the meeting of the British Association at Cambridge, 
was then read : 

As delegate from your Club, I attended the two meetings of the Corresponding 
Societies at the Cambridge meeting of the British Association. 

One of the subjects brought forward for consideration was the " conformity of 
the publications of the Societies with certain bibliographical requirements." 
Suggestions were made as to the adoption of a uniform size, proper indexing, 
some careful editing, descriptive titles for the papers, and correct dates and 
references both in the volumes and in reprints. Since the meeting I have looked 
over the last volume of your " Proceedings," and, as I find that none of the 
complaints made apply to the Dorset Field Club, there is no need to refer further 
to this debate. 

The suggested alteration of the rule by which only Societies that publish can be 
affiliated to the British Association was also discussed. It was pointed out that 
certain Societies that publish nothing are doing equally good work in other ways, 
such as the keeping up of local museums, and that this rule might compel 
Societies to publish papers that were not worth printing. This matter, with 
various other points, was referred to a small committee to be appointed jointly by 
the Corresponding Societies Committee and the Council of the British Association, 
the committee to meet from time to time in London. 



xxvi. HE FIRST WINTER AIEETING. 

Complaints were made as to the slight recognition by the British Association of 
the position and work of the affiliated Societies, and suggestions were made as 
to a closer union. This matter also was referred to the new committee ; but the 
officers of the British Association at once caused the names of the delegates to 
appear in the next daily journal in the same way as the committees of the various 
sections. 

It seemed to be generally felt that the delegates have no time to form a 
coherent body. It was thought that the appointment of the new standing 
committee would briug the local Societies more into touch with each other and 
with the British Association, and would give them more influence, especially in 
view of the two years' interval which practically must result from the next 
meeting of the British Association taking place in South Africa. 

On the motion of Mr. A. POPE, it was agreed that in future the 
year of election shall precede each name in the list of Members 
in the Club's " Proceedings." 

EXHIBITS. 
BY DR. F. D. LYS : 

Specimens of Testacclla mnwjei (shelled slug) from his garden. 

The genus Testacclla (shell-bearing slugs). About six or seven species are 
known from France, Italy, Algeria, the Canary Islands, Madeira, the Azores, 
England, &c. In this country two are found, viz. : T. maiigei and T. haliottdea, 
which are both either somewhat uncommon, or much overlooked through their 
general resemblance to the common slugs, which have no external shell. 
Authors seem to agree in thinking that they are probably imported by human 
agency, but the number of places in which they occur and the manner in which 
they flourish in our climate at least suggests a doubt if they are not true natives. 
In Dorset, for instance, they have occurred at Corfe Castle (tnaityei, " Proc.," 
V., 136), Blandford (haliotidca , Proc., V., 136), Weymouth (niaugei), Chickerell 
(lialiotidca}, Stalbridge (haliotidca, Science Gossip, 1870, p. 309), and Charminster, 
and no doubt this list might be much increased if gardeners were instructed to 
notice any slugs with shells on their backs that they meet with. Fischer (in 
Manuel de Conchyliologie, p. 450), says that in default of worms, the usual food, 
these slugs will attack others of their own genus as well as other slugs and snails. 

Very few eggs are laid, from 6 to 15, according to the same authority, and 
these are placed somewhat deep in the earth. They are large, with a calcareous 
shell, nearly round in mauyei and pointed at each end in haliotidea. 

Fossil species are known from the Upper Miocene. 

Haliotidca is dull white on the ventral surface, mangel being more or less 
salmon-pink. The latter is figured in " Proc.," V., 136, but the colouring of the 
underside is often much fainter than there represented. 

Figures of T. tnaiigci, "Proc.," V., 136. Tongue of T. haliotidca, Fischer, 
Man. de Conch., 449. 



THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. xxvu. 

BY THE PRESIDENT : 

A small MS. on vellum, with elaborate full page red and blue initial letters, 
in the original binding, written about the year 1330, and containing a 
number of statutes, some in Latin and some in French, mostly of the reign of 
Edward I. (1272-1307), the earliest being the Statute of Jfcrtoti of 20 Hen. III. 
(1236), and the latest the Statute of Northampton of 2 Ed. III. (132S). It begins 
with Magna, Carta as confirmed by Edward I. in 129'. This appears to have 
been confirmed afresh by successive kings, as Edward here confirms not the 
original Magna Carta, but that of his father, Henry III., who, I presume, 
confirmed that of his father, John. There are altogether 21 separate writings 
in the book, nearly all statutes, mostly named from the place where the 
Parliament which passed them was held, such as Statutes of Westminster, 
Gloucester, Wynton, &c. There are also Carta de Foresta, the game laws of 
that period being of great importance, statutes df rcllgiosis and dc mcrcatonbus, 
and a few containing directions, such as Modus faclcndi homayiuni ct fdtUtatcm. 
Two deeds of slightly la.ter date were also exhibited for comparison. 

BY MES. DEAN : 

A number of interesting and valuable Bibles and Prayer Books of the 16th and 
17th centuries. The principal exhibits were mentioned in the following note 
read by the PEESIDENT : Archbishop Laud's Prayer Book (1337-6) was forced 
on Scotch Presbyterians by Charles I. and Laud. To make it more acceptable, 
the Scotch translation of the Psalins and Epistles and Gospels was inserted, 
instead of the English. It was read in the Edinburgh churches on Sunday, 
July 23rd, 1637, under great difficulties caused by the tumult and rioting of the 
congregations, followed by much greater and more serious disturbances. The 
book is a rare one, perhaps partly owing to the detestation in which it was held 
by the Scotch, who must have destroyed many copies. Hebrew Bible, Paris, 
1546. The first complete Hebrew Bible was printed in 1438 at Soncino, in Italy. 
No Greek Testament was printed until 1516. I exhibit one of 1524, printed 
at Strasburg; Biblia Vulgata, Paris, 1523 ; Dutch Bible, 1761 ; and Bible and 
Prayer Book, 1637. 

A paper was then read by the Rev. W. MILES BARNES. 
i. Some poems in the Dorset Dialect written by the late 
Rev. W. Barnes, Rector of Came. (Printed.) 
After the interval for luncheon : 

EXHIBITS. 

BY DR. G. ABBOTT, F.G.S., Hon. Treasurer of the South-east Union of 
Scientific Societies : 

A collection of extraordinary specimens of cellular limestone with photographs. 



XXviil. THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. 

The Club were much interested in the freaks of limestone as 
expressed in the remarkable series of pseudo-organic or dis-coid 
concretions, none of which are organic, although they simulate 
organisms so closely. The same curious and mysterious process 
is illustrated in ring coal, the weathering of old mortar, and the 
banding of flints. 

Mr. HUDLESTON, who had met Dr. Abbott before at the 
Geological Society, drew special attention to the circumstance 
that although the peculiar bodies exhibited on this occasion 
occurred in the Magnesian Limestone, yet that they consisted in 
their present state almost entirely of carbonate of lime. To the 
decomposition of the double carbonate (dolomite) must be 
partly ascribed the concretionary action which had been set up. 
The difficulty had always been to know what had become of the 
Magnesia in the original rock, and he suggested its having been 
removed in the form of the very soluble sulphate known as 
Epsom Salts, whilst the residual lime carbonate, being released 
from its primary combinations, proceeded to assume new forms. 

BY E. CUNNINGTON, ESQ. : 

An interesting specimen of old oak carving. 

The Kev. W. MILES BARNES pronounced this to be a subsellium from a choir 
stall of some church. 

BY E. SLATER, ESQ., F.G.S. : 

A fine specimen of a fossil turtle (rictirosternon concinmtni). 

Found in the Middle Purbecks at Herston, Swanage. He bought it of a 
quarryman and presented it to the Museum. 

The PRESIDENT said that these turtles were getting very rare. This one was 
a handsome present to the Dorset Museum, which even before its acquisition 
contained the best series of fossil turtles outside the British Museum. 

Mr. HTTDLESTON observed that Swanage was famous for its turtles and 
crocodiles, and this was an extremely interesting specimen of the former. 

BY L. B. CLARENCE, ESQ. : 

A box- wood implement, found about a year ago under the roof of Coaxden, 
Chardstock. The initials upon it are those of one of the Cogans, a family of 
small farmers in the neighbourhood, probably a son of R. Cogan, who was 
manager of the small Coaxden Estate for its owner. Sir Simonds D'Ewes, at one 
time. About the time of Sir S. D'Ewes' death, or soon afterwards, the Cogaus 
acquired Coaxden by purchase. 



THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. XXIX. 

The implement has been examined at the British Museum and also at the 
Guildhall Museum, London, but as yet no one has satisfactorily explained its 
use or object. 

Mr. POPE suggested that it was used in a butcher's business 
for skinning animals something like the old thumb-scraper. 
Dr. CRALLAN expressed the conviction that it was a shoe-lift. 

THE MANSEL-PLEYDELL MEMORIAL FUND. 
MUNIFICENT GIFT OF LORD EUSTACE CECIL. 

The PRESIDENT read the following letter from the ex- 
President, Lord Eustace Cecil, who, he was sorry, could not be 
with them that day : 

" Lytchett Heath, Poole, December 13th. My dear Mr. Nelson M. Richardson, 
I grieve to say that, contrary to my expectations yesterday, I do not feel 
sufficiently recovered from my recent attack of illness to justify me in attending 
our Club meeting to-day. I cannot tell you what a great disappointment it is to 
me, and I can only ask you kindly to express to all the Members present my very 
sincere regret that I am unable to fulfil the engagement I had been so long 
looking forward to. When the subject of the Mansel-Pleydell Memorial Fund 
was first mooted two years ago, I think I am not mistaken in saying that there 
was a general desire to hand down to posterity the memory of our late President 
in the manner most agreeable to himself and to his family. A sum of money was 
collected among the Members of the Club and other friends throughout the 
country, and, after defraying the expense of executing a copy of his portrait, 
there remained a balance of 83, and the question then arose what should be 
done with the surplus of the money? And for a time it was decided to aPow the 
fund to accumulate. When I succeeded as President after some consideration 
it seemed to me that the best mode of applying the surplus was to increase the 
great utility of the Club in some permanent form ; and, failing any better 
scheme, I made up my mind to suggest the appropriation of the balance, 
strengthened by such an additional sum as seemed to me necessary for the 
purpose, to the further encouragement of scientific knowledge in this county. I 
have always, I hope, fully recognised the advantages of this Club in the past, 
holding out as it does the attraction of summer meetings with the gathering 
together of Members, their friends and families, anxious to know a little more of 
the beautiful old county they live in, and the antiquities with which they are 
surrounded ; and, also, I must not pass by our winter debates, replete with quaint 
knowledge and curious discoveries. But I am still more ambitious as to the 
future. Though I am not one of those who think that our race is degenerating, or 
our workmen falling off in skill and workmanship, still none of us can be blind to 



XXX. THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. 

the fact that competition is increasing abroad, and the struggle for superiority is 
becoming more and more severe. We have had several warnings during the last 
few years. The Prince of Wales, it will be remembered, on his return from a 
voyage round the world, told us we must ' wake up,' and, without going into 
controversial questions, our trade returns, year by year, are not what we have a 
right to expect them to be, looking at the experience of former years. But I will 
not detain you longer, except to say that, if we are to think Imperially in the 
future, we must commence by thinking scientifically, and that is why I should 
wish our Club to do its best to promote so desirable an object by any beginning, 
however humble ; and, in the hope that it will be willing to adopt the scheme I 
now propose, I beg you to believe me, very sincerely yours, EUSTACE G. CECIL." 

Then came the following memorandum of the scheme : 

"Lytchett Heath, Poole, December 13th, 1904. The surplus fund of the 
Mausel-Pleydell Memorial Fund has been invested in 100 Xew S. Wales 
Government 3 per cent. Stock. It is now proposed to add to that fund a further 
sum of 300 Foreign, American, and General Trust Company deferred stock, 
producing 5 per cent, per annum, taking the average of the last twenty years, say 
15. With this sum, added to 3 per annum on the Xew S. Wales Government 
stock, a total of 18 would be obtained, with which it is proposed that two silver 
medals should be given yearly for the best scientific papers at an expense of 5 
each the surplus, after defraying the small cost of the medals (say 5s. 6d.), 
being laid out in books or instruments, at the option of the successful candidate. 
A further sum of 5 yearly to be reserved for expenses and fees connected with 
the examination papers, postage, &c., leaving, say, 3 over each year to 
accumulate. The first medal to be called the ' Mausel-Pleydell ' medal, and to 
be given for the best paper on natural history and archaeology, especially 
the natural history of Dorset and its antiquities, prehistoric records, and 
ethnology, and to be open to Members of the Dorset Field Club only of both 
sexes. The second medal, to be called the ' Cecil ' medal, for the best paper on 
chemistry or electricity, as applied to healing or medicinal purposes, for domestic 
and farm uses, or motor power generally, and to be open to eandidates of both 
sexes who have been born in the county of Dorset, or who have resided there for 
not less than one year. The age of candidates at first to be fixed at from IS to 
30, power being reserved to a committee of President and two Vice -Presidents 
(with power to add to their number) to increase or reduce the limit of age. 
Schoolmasters or teachers, in their active exercise of their professions, not to be 
eligible. Examinations to be held yearly under the direction of the committee 
mentioned above, with such extra assistance as they may require or decide upon, 
discretion being left to them to fix the subjects for examination, under the 
proposed heads, and the limit of age, and to carry out such other changes as from 
time to time may seem desirable, bearing in mind the main objects of the original 
bequest. Should, in their opinion, the examination papers be judged in any one 
year to be not of sufficient merit, or not deserving of reward, then no medals are 



THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. XXXI. 

to be given that year, and the funds are to be allowed to accumulate for the 
general objects of the Trust. In the event of further money being subscribed, 
two or more annual scholarships to be instituted of not less than 10 each yearly, 
for one or more years, and power given to the trustees and committee to merge 
the sum of 18 a year already spoken of into a common fund, provided always 
that sufficient money be first put aside yearly to pay for the cost of the examin- 
ations and the medals, Sec. EUSTACE G. CECIL." 

The PRESIDENT expressed warm appreciation of Lord Eustace 
Cecil's generosity and public spirit. His name and that of 
Mr. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell would be handed down to posterity 
as those of the first two Presidents of the Club, who had done so 
much to further the interests of science in Dorset, both through 
the agency of the Field Club and otherwise. He moved the 
following resolution : 

' ' This meeting wishes to express its sense of the great generosity and kindness 
of the Lord Eustace Cecil in making it possible, by his handsome donation of 
300 Foreign, American and General Trust Deferred Stock, for the Dorset Field 
Club to carry out the proposed scheme for the furtherance of natural history, 
physical science, and archaeology in Dorset in conjunction with the balance of the 
Mausel-Pleydell Memorial Fund a scheme which will be a lasting memorial of 
their two first Presidents." 

Captain ELWES seconded. 

The Rev. J. C. M. MANSEL-PLEYDELL said : 

He wished to state how deeply sensible his mother and all the members of his 
family were of that generous gift of Lord Eustace Cecil's towards making really 
workable the scheme for his dear father's memorial. Some time ago the 
committee formulated some such scheme as this to encourage the study of 
natural science, but their difficulty was that they had not enough funds to carry 
it out. Now, however, Lord Eustace Cecil's generous gift had made it feasible. 
He was glad that Lord Eustace would be associated with his father in the 
memorial, for they were warm friends and admirers, and it was always a great 
wish of his father that Lord Eustace should take up the work of the Club after 
him, knowing that he would carry it on in his spirit and mind. 

The resolution was carried unanimously. 

The PRESIDENT said that Lord Eustace wished three trustees 
to be appointed himself, as President of the Club, and two 
Vice-Presidents, and had suggested Captain Elwes and the Rev. 
J. C. M, Mansel-Pleydell, with power to add to their number. 



XXxii. THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. 

The Rev. W. MILES BARNES seconded, and these three were 
appointed. It was decided to bank with the Wilts and Dorset 
Bank. The appointment of a solicitor to draw the trust deed 
was left to the trustees. 

Mr. EVELYN CECIL, M.P., who rose to speak at the President's 
invitation as the representative of his father, said : 

He should be pleased to tell his father of the unanimity and enthusiasm with 
which the resolution had been passed and the scheme accepted. His father 
would, he assured them, be very gratified that the Club entered so thoroughly 
into the scheme, and intended to carry it out in all particulars. He spoke of his 
father's devotion to the Club and all its concerns, and his earnest desire to 
increase its membership, promote its success, enhance its influence, and make it 
a real incentive to scientific research. He paid a fine tribute to the character and 
attainments of the late Mr. Mansel-Pleydell, and, advocating the pursuit of 
scientific investigation in all its varied branches, made some thoughtful observa- 
tions upon the rapprochement of recent years between science and religion and 
the gradual disappearance of the old estrangement and antipathy between the 
exponents of both. Exhibiting the first two medals, he explained that his father 
had always been interested in chemistry and electricity. It was a family pursuit, 
for his father's brother, the late Lord Salisbury, used to devote his spare moments 
to it. He hoped that the prizes would encourage the steady study of the subjects 
in the county. 

The Eev. J. C. M. MANSKL-PLEYDELL added that not only had Lord Eustace 
Cecil given 300 of Stock, but he had also at his own charges had the dies cut 
for the medals a very expensive item. 

The PRESIDENT read out the inscriptions on the medals. The 
first medal bears on the obverse a full-face portrait of the late 
Mr. Mansel-Pleydell, with the inscription "For Excellence in 
Natural History and Archaeology. Mansel-Pleydell." The reverse 
bears the armorial device of Dorset, with the words "Dorset 
Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club." In the second 
medal, which presented an admirable profile of Lord Eustace 
Cecil, the inscription was varied to "For Excellence in 
Chemistry and Electricity. Cecil." Mr. Richardson added 
that it was Lord Eustace Cecil's wish to keep for himself 
the first Cecil medal, and that he should hand the first Mansel- 
Pleydell medal to Mr. J. C. M. Mansel-Pleydell. This he did 
amid applause. The President added they had listened with 
interest to Mr. Cecil's remarks, and they hoped that he would 



THE FIRST WINTER MEETING. XXX111. 

convey to his father their appreciation of his great kindness and 
generosity. 

EXHIBIT. 

BY E. SLATEE, ESQ. : 
An old MS. copy of the Journal of the House of Commons for the years 1688-9. 

Mr. SLATER believed that this MS. was part of the original 
Journal of the House of Commons, but the original Journal is 
still in the library of the House. The MS. is probably part of 
one of the many copies which have been made of the Journal. 
Mr. Slater read some interesting portions of the MS. ; but, as 
the complete Journal is in print and accessible to students, we 
have not spared the space to reproduce them. 

"THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA." This was the subject of 
an instructive and entertaining paper read by the Rev. C. W. H. 
DICKER, and illustrated profusely with drawings and botanical 
specimens. The paper is printed in this volume. 

A FAMOUS LOCAL LAWSUIT. Mr. ALFRED POPE exhibited 
the volume of original notes on the memorable action tried by 
Mr. Justice Littledale and a special jury of seven at the Dorset 
Summer Assize at Dorchester on July i7th, 1826 the action 
brought by the Rev. George Wood, Rector of Holy Trinity, 
against the Rev. John Morton Colson, Rector of St. Peter's, to 
obtain possession of the old glebe field between Charles Street 
and Acland Road. The book contained the following extract 
from the Dorset County Chronicle and Somersetshire Gazette of 
July zyth, 1 826, in which an account of the trial was published : 

"If the verdict be not disturbed, Mr. Wood, as Hector of Holy Trinity, as 
well as all future rectors of that church, will be entitled not only to the glebe 
land in question, but to the living of St. Peter's as belonging to that of Trinity, 
to which latter church, with St. Peter's as a chapel annexed to it (according to the 
present decision), the Feoffees of the School and Almshouses have the right of 
presentation ; and the presentation by the King of the defendant Mr. Colson to 
St. Peter's becomes a nullity." 

The meeting ended shortly before five o'clock. 



XXXIV. 

WINTER SESSION. 

THE SECOND MEETING of the winter session was held at the 
Dorset County Museum on Tuesday, February zist, at 12.45. 

THE MEMBERSHIP. Ten candidates nominated at the last 
meeting were elected and 14 nominated. 

Captain ELWES gave notice of his intention to propose at the 
next meeting that the Club membership be limited to 400. 

A LUNAR HALO IN THE FORM OF A CROSS. 

The PRESIDENT read the following interesting note on a lunar 
phenomenon : 

About 8 p.m. on September 28th, 1904, Mrs. Richardson called my attention to 
the fact that broad vertical and horizontal bands of light were proceeding from 
the moon's disc, which was somewhat less than a complete circle, full moon 
having taken place on September 24th at 5.50 p.m. The bands kept constantly 
altering both in length and breadth, but were always somewhat narrower than 
the moon's disc, and generally from two to three times the diameter of the moon 
in length. In intensity they were quite as bright as any halo that I have ever 
seen, if not more so, and of a silvery colour. They had the wavy and shooting 
motion of an aurora, and always retained their vertical and horizontal positions, 
forming a beautiful cross of light with the moon in the centre. The phenomenon 
continued much the same for more than an hour, after which it began to fade 
away, and by about 10 p.m. had completely disappeared. There were no clouds 
near the moon at the time. I have consulted our distinguished astronomer, Rev. 
W. R. Waugh, and though, as he says, it is only an atmospheric phenomenon, 
and therefore hardly comes into the domain of astronomy proper, he has 
consented to say a few words on the subject. Possibly the historic cross seen 
by Constantino in the heavens was of a similar nature, though that is said to 
have been above the sun and to have borne an inscription, and there have, I 
believe, been other occasions on which a fairy cross is said to have been seen 
in the sky ; but I understand that the present lunar cross is not at all a common 
occurrence. 

The Rev. W. R. WAUGH, the Club's esteemed astronomer, 
contributed the following instructive note on the subject : 

On September 28th, 1904, Mrs. Richardson saw a brilliant and beautiful lunar 
halo in form of a cross surrounding the moon, of a pearly -white hue. It 
remained visible from 8 p.m. to about 10 p.m. The moon was gibbous at the 
time, being about four days after the full. The angle of division between the 
dark and illuminated portion of the lunar surface standing at about 30 with the 




LUNAR CROSS SEEN BY MR. & MRS. N. M. RICHARDSON AT 

CHICKERELL, SEPT. 28, 1304. 



THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. XXXV. 

moon's axis, the general appearance was most striking and beautiful, the light of 
the cross being nearly equal to that of the lunar surface. It need hardly be said 
that the phenomenon was not astronomical, being, in fact, wholly atmospherical, 
and that it arose from the reflection of the lunar light from the particles of 
vapour, which must have been very dense at the time. Why the appearance 
took the form of a cross is not clear, and even at the time would not have been 
disclosed. In that respect it seems a meteorological mystery. 

Mr. Whitmell, B.A., one of His Majesty's School Inspectors, has skilfully 
devoted much attention to the origin of lunar halos. He says that they are due 
to the reflection of lunar lights from the particles of ice in the upper regions of 
the air, and, when there is colouring, it is due to the analysis of the light, on the 
same principle as the rainbow. This explanation commends itself to all investi- 
gators. He also says there are two principal halos, the smaller distant 22 from 
the light-giving orb, and the larger distant 46 ; both have their outer borders 
green, their inner red, and both have the sun or moon for their centre. These 
remarks already associate mock suns and moons, rainbows, and coloured arcs 
with halos, forms being modified by atmospheric conditions. It may be noted 
that the cruciform aspect is very rare, and may be produced in a similar manner 
as the striking sun -pillar, which also is seldom seen. 

The following items are taken from an old encyclopaedia of date 1813. They 
are curious, if not valuable, additions to the literature of the subject. The 
writer states that Huygens supposed that writers on the theme generally believe 
that halos or circles, more or less coloured, were formed by minute grains of 
hail. Huygens fully endorsed this theory, and illustrates it by drawings of the 
formation. Huygens was a very careful observer of natural phenomena, and 
his ideas and observations are deserving of all credit. Newton's theory of halos, 
as given in his work on optics, &c., favours the theory that halos are caused by 
the refraction and reflection of light from the sun or moon. He says the more 
equal the globules of ice or vapour may be, the more crowns of colour and the 
more lively the tints. There are several ways of exhibiting these phenomena. 
The flame of a candle placed in the midst of a steam in cold weather, or placed 
at a distance from a window which has been breathed upon, will also show slight 
coloured halos. Also a quantity of water thrown up against the sun or moon will 
show halos a kind of mock rainbow. Musschenbiok, a German author, observes 
that, when the windows of his room were covered with a thin plate of ice, the moon 
seen through it was surrounded with a variously coloured halo, and, on opening 
the window, the apparition was entirely gone. Of course, all these experiments 
must be patiently and perseveringly performed, and may be almost endlessly 
diversified, according to the knowledge and skill of the performers. 

EXHIBITS. 
BY THE PEESIDENT : 

A series of deeds dating from the reign of James I., with a few of earlier date, 
from Eichard II. 



XXXVI. THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. 

The chief interest in the deeds exhibited lies perhaps in the series dating from 
Charles II. to Victoria, containing portraits of the reigning Sovereigns. I have 
only here one specimen of each King and Queen (except George II., of which 
there are two), but there exist other varieties of most of them. I believe that 
Charles II. was the first Sovereign who was so pourtrayed, but I do not know 
whether our present King's likeness has yet been used in this way. It will be 
noticed that the ornamental part of the deed is printed from more than one 
copper plate. The portrait is separate from its border containing the initial 
letter, and the other portions of the elaborate bordering to the deed are 
separate, so that varieties of bordering would probably occur with the same 
portrait. The two portraits of William III. the one withJVTary and the other 
alone are the same, but the background present in the first print has been 
erased in the second. I also exhibit a series of highly ornamental deeds from 
James I. to Richard Cromwell, one of each reign, which are not printed, but 
are wonderful specimens of penmanship. They are mostly also ornamented with 
what looks like lead pencil, or perhaps chalk, softened off with a stump. They 
show the gradual development of ornamentation, and probably the pen was not 
much used for this purpose after the reign of Charles II., when the whole was 
printed, though the thick letters seem to be still filled in with a brush. It will 
be noticed that of the two deeds in Charles II. 's reign, both with painted 
ornaments, the earlier one (14 Charles II.) is the latest deed which has some of 
the stump ornamentation added. It also contains the Royal Arms in the place 
occupied in the later one (23 Charles II.) by the portrait. The printed side 
borders occur first in the reign of Geerge I. Of deeds earlier than James I. 
I have but few that are of interest from an ornamental point of view. I have 
brought one of Richard II. (1399), one of Edward IV. (1430), in English, not 
Latin, as usual, both with ornamental initials, and one of Henry VI. (1423), with 
several of the letters of the first line, including both small and capital, curiously 
elongated and ornamented. The later deeds are mostly difficult to read until we 
come to George II., when they are in English and in ordinary writing, and, as I 
have merely exhibited them on account of their ornamental borders and portraits, 
I will say nothing about their contents, which are not, I think, of any special 
interest, mostly corresponding to our present conveyances of land. All my deeds 
between Charles I. and Charles II. are in English, but I do not know if this 
was the invariable custom during this short period. 

BY MBS. DEAN: 

Some deeds of about the date of the restoration, relating to property at East 
Stour, chiefly known as the residence of Henry Fielding, and she also showed a 
seal pertaining to Shaftesbury. 

Mr. ALFRED POPE said it was always the custom when deeds 
were attested in the past to utter the formula " In witness whereof 
I have hereunto set my hand and seal, and within the seal I have 



THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. XXXV11. 

placed a true coin of the realm." That coin was generally half 
a guinea ; and the fact explained why the seals of these old 
deeds were seldom to be found. The seal and the gold had 
gone. 

BY THE EEV. F. W. GALPIN : 
A model of a humstrum and an ancient rebec. 

Halliwell's Dictionary of archaic and provincial words thus 
explains the instrument : 

" Humstrum, a musical instrument out of tune or rudely 
constructed ; a Jew's harp." 

In 1763 Bonnell Thornton published as a burlesque : 

"An ode on S. Cecilia's Day adapted to the antient British 
musick, viz. : The salt box, the Jew's harp, the marrow bones 
and cleaver, the humstrum, or hurdy-gurdy, &c." 

In his overture, or preface, he thus writes: "I am sorry I 
can give no certain account of these incomparable instruments, 
the salt box and the humstrum, or hurdy-gurdy. But it is 
reasonable to conclude that the first was usually performed on 
at festivals and the other at funerals, or on serious occasions." 

In the ode the instrument is referred to in these words : 

EECITATIVB. 

Cease lighter numbers ; hither bring 

The undulating string 
Stretch'd out, and to the tumid bladder 
In amity harmonious bound. 
Then deeper swell the notes and sadder, 
And let the hoarse Base slowly solemn sound. 

AIE. 

With dead dull doleful heavy hums, 

With mournful moans and grievous groans, 

The sober hurdy-gurdy * thrums. 

It is evident from this that Thornton knew little or cared to 
know little about the humstrum, for he confuses it with the 

* This instrument, by the learned, is sometimes called a humstrum. 



XXXV111. THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. 

hurdy-gurdy (the vielle, or organistrum), and his description 
agrees rather with a one-stringed rustic bass viol known as the 
Bum-bass, or Basse de Flandre, and still used in Germany. 

Ritson, at the end of the i8th century in his "Observations 
on the Minstrels," writes : 

" It is conceived that a few individuals resembling the 
character of the old minstrels might have been lately and 
may possibly be still found, in some of the least polished or 
less frequented parts of the kingdom. . . . Within two 
years one was to be seen in the streets of London ; he played 
on an instrument of the rudest construction, which he, properly 
enough, called a humslrum, and chanted (amongst others) the 
old ballad of Lord Thomas and Fair Ellinor." 

The locus c/assicus for the humstrum is Barnes' Dorset Poems, 
Collection III., where in the original edition the poem, "The 
Humstrum," is accompanied by a woodcut of the instrument. 

The humstrum appears to be a somewhat degenerate form of 
the rebec, a popular three-stringed fiddle in use in the Middle 
Ages, and derived through Moorish and Arabic influence from 
the East. In Germany the instrument was called the " Geige," 
and is said to have given its name to the dance known as the 
jig. It was generally used by the wandering minstrels. In the 
humstrum the labour required for excavating the hollow body of 
the instrument is dispensed with, and a tin canister (perhaps in 
early times a bladder) takes its place. The strings, four in 
number, are of wire, and in the present instance the bagpipe or 
hurdy-gurdy tuning has been adopted. A rude melody can be 
played on the uppermost string by a slight pressure of the 
fingers, though there is no finger-board. The bridge is formed 
by the rounded side of the tin, across which the strings are 
stretched. The tone is curious and buzzy. 

BY THE PRESIDENT : 

A fine specimen of Deilephila (Phryxus) Livornica (the striped Hawk Moth), 
bred from an egg laid by a moth captured at Ferndown, in Dorset, near Bourne- 
mouth, June 22nd, 1904. He said : 



THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. XXXIX. 

" Dr. Crallan most kindly sent me four eggs out of several laid by his 
captured moth. Of these three hatched, one larva dying when about half 
grown. The other two duly pupated, and were placed in moss in a greenhouse, 
where the one exhibited emerged on January 7th, 190'). The other pupa was 
then healthy, but died very shortly afterwards. I believe that no other 
members of this brood attained the perfect state, with the exception of three 
bred by Mr. Eustace Bankes. My larvae were fed upon dock, chiefly on plants 
growing in pots out of doors. The moth is a very rare British species, and 
specimens captured are, I be'ieve, always immigrants, and there is no record that 
I know of its surviving our winters. In 1904 an unusual number of specimens 
were taken at Bournemouth and elsewhere. Dr. Crallau's moth laid fifty eggs, 
hatched June 16th. All his larvae died of mould." 

BY ME. C. S. PEIDEAUX : 

A cinerary urn, ploughed up on the farm of Mr. W. S. Foot, of Bincombe. It 
was full of calcined bones and badly broken. 

He had tried to repair it. The large flat stone which he produced was placed 
on top of the urn. The depressed barrow where the urn was found was on the 
south side of Came Wood, and there were two or three other barrows there which 
were nearly ploughed down level, so that he was expecting almost at any time 
to hear that another urn had been found. The whole of the ground all the way 
round was full of flint chips, and he picked up several excellent scrapers. Mr. 
Gray, of Taunton Castle, had told him that it was a very early form of urn. 

Mr. F. J. BARNES : The urn appears to be identical with 
those we found at Portland some time ago. About 160 were 
uncovered in the course of two or three weeks, and half the 
barrows are still unopened. 

In this case, as in others, the covering of flints which 
protected the interment was probably taken away and sold for 
road metal, and the barrow, being thus deprived of its 
protection, fell an easy victim to the plough. 

BY THE REV. S. E. V. FILLETJL : 

A silver paten cover, dated 1573, of an Elizabethan chalice, which has 
disappeared, and a pewter alms plate, dated 1,682. 

Neither of the two pieces was recorded in " Nightingale's Church Plate of 
Dorset " (Ed. 1889). Mr. Filleul had written : - 

" When I came to Dorchester the tradition was that the old silver paten 
exhibited had been found buried near the altar of the old church, removed in 
1845. I wrote to Mr. Alfred Spicer, now of Bishop's Cauudle, an old church- 
warden at that time, to know if this was the true account of it. He replied that 



xl. THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. 

he had found it in an old box of rubbish in the tool-house in the corner of the 
churchyard about the year 1860. It was then perfectly black, but he had it 
cleaned by a silversmith, and restored it to the church. It bears the date 
engraved 1573. It is recorded that Mrs. George Galpin, wife of a churchwarden, 
collected money to pay for the new plate, somewhere about the time of the 
church re-building (1845). Probably the old chalice, on which this paten may 
have fitted, was sold or given in part exchange, and thus an Elizabethan chalice 
may have been lost to the church, actually in the memory of the living. The 
pewter plate was found somewhere by the clerk in the year 1895. It was much 
out of shape and the rim almost cracked off. I had it repaired and electro- 
plated, and now use it for an alms dish. The clerk remembers that there were 
formerly two of them. If any collector has the other one, we should be most 
grateful to have it again." 

The following papers were then read : 

1. " New and Rare British Arachnida," by the Rev. O. Pickard- 
Cambridge. (Printed.) 

And after luncheon 

2. "Old Dorset Village Choirs and Bands," by the Rev. 
F. W. Galpin. (Printed.) 

On the conclusion of the paper, Mr. Thomas Hardy asked : 
Can Mr. Galpin account for the curious fact of their always 
playing the tenor on a treble instrument an octave higher ? I 
have known many of the old bands play it in that way. 

Mr. Galpin, in reply, said : It was undoubtedly a survival of 
the earlier period, when the melody, or plainsong, was in the 
tenor, and the treble and alto parts wove themselves in a more 
or less harmonious way above it ; then when the melody was 
transferred to the treble, the true tenor was still played on a 
treble instrument. 

3. "On Bingham's Melcombe Manor House ; Its Surround- 
ings, Folk Lore, Wild Animals, &c.," by Mr. Bosworth Smith. 

4. "Old Dorset Songs and Doggerel Rhymes," by the Hon. 
Secretary. (To be printed.) 

The meeting closed shortly before five o'clock. 

Since the meeting Mr. A. M. Luckham, of Parkstone, writing 
in the Dorset County Chronicle, gives the following interesting 
particulars of choirs and bands in Broadway and adjoining 
parishes : 



THE SECOND WINTER MEETING. xli. 

" Very many memories have been, revived in my mind by the notice in last 
week's Dorset County Chronicle of Mr. Galpin's paper on parish choirs and bands. 
I have before me a book used by the choirs of Came and Radipole. It dates 
from 1801, and contains a large number of Psalm tunes and anthems in manu- 
script, and in it the tenor and the alto parts are all written in the treble clef. In 
fact, neither the tenor nor the alto clefs are used throughout the book. Many of 
the tunes are very elaborate, and fugal passages abound. It is new to me to learn 
that there had ever been any objection to the use of the serpent in the Church 
services. The band of Broadwey Church contained two clarionets, a serpent, and 
a bass viol, for some time also a key-bugle, and I think serpents were also used in 
some neighbouring churches. It has been a great pleasure to me in later years 
to see the serpent used in the orchestra of the London Sacred Harmonic Society, 
and to fancy that I could distinguish its special tone in the " Messiah " music. 
What we call the alto part was usually, I think, sung by a male counter- tenor in 
a falsetto voice, and I well remember hearing a servant-maid say in describing 
the anthem which had been sung, " Well, I do like to hear Bill Wiuzar when he 
d' sing 'womanish ' " rather a good way of putting it. Of the Radipole choir 
my father used to tell an amusing tale. It will be best appreciated by those who 
have had experience with hounds. The bass viol was played by an old blacksmith 
named Puckett, who had become almost stone deaf, but by putting his ear close 
to his instrument he could hear its tones. In an elaborate fugal passage both band 
and voices got hopelessly adrift and broke down, the bass viol going on alone. 
Then came a voice heard all over the church saying " Hark to Puckett," and 
then the choir all came in in full cry. I hope some of your readers may find 
interest in these memories of sixty to seventy years ago." 



xlii. 

THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. 

THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the Club was held on 
Tuesday, May gth, in the Reading Room of the Museum. The 
President, Mr. N. M. Richardson, took the chair at 12.45. 

THE MEMBERSHIP. Fourteen candidates proposed at the 
last meeting were elected Members, and ten candidates for 
membership were proposed for election at the next meeting. 

EXHIBITS. 

BY THE PRESIDENT : 

An orchis, found by Mr. Brunsden, pier-master, of Swanage, and sent on his 
behalf by Miss Clapcott. Mr. Brunsdeu stated that they were plentiful in one 
particular spot in that locality. 

Mr. RICHAEDSOX, when exhibiting the specimen, added the following note : 
"This appears from the glabrous petals to be Ophrys aranifera, Huds. var. o, 
genniiia. This form seems to be new to Dorset, var. . fucifera, Smith, being the 
only form recorded in Mr. Mansel-Pley dell's ' Flora of Dorset.' The naming of 
f/aiidita is confirmed by Mr. W. Bowles Barrett, of Weymouth, who, however, 
points out that the two forms are not distinguished in Watson's Topographical 
Bot., Ed. 2, nor in Brebisson's Flore de la Normandie, or Lloyd's More de 
1' Quest de la France, and that Townsend, in 'Flora of Hampshire,' remarks 
that fucifera can hardly be separated from the type. The Rev. E. F. Linton 
writes : ' Some of the best Kent observers have given their matured opinions 
that Ophrys aranifera and 0. fitcifera, Sim., are not separable, being only 
distinguished by the pubescence on the lateral petals, and every stage of variation 
is to be found on the same down (see Flora of Kent, Eng. Bot, Ed. 3, &c.), where 
both forms occur, and the tendency at present is to drop fucifera, even as a 
variety, though it was published by Smith as a species, wore SHO, and merge it in 
aranifera as a mere form or state. The Dorset form, having generally pubescent 
petals, has been usually called fucifera. My few specimens all have some 
pubescence, much or little, not all alike.' " 

BY DE. COLLEY MAECH: 

An ancient token given to him by Pasteur E. Moutarde, of the Reformed 
Church of Saujon, France. 

To this day, he said, a curious custom prevailed. When the communicant 
came to the altar he handed to the priest or pastor a small coin of little value, and 
why he did so he did not know. The fact was that it was a curious traditional 
survival of the times of persecution, when it was necessary for every communicant 
to give some secret sign to the celebrant that he was not an intruder or spy. 



fHE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. xliii. 

The PRESIDENT then read his address, on the conclusion of 
which Captain ELWES moved a vote of thanks. Dr. COLLEY 
MARCH, in seconding it, observed 

throughout the address they had listened to they saw the careful painstaking of 
an entomologist, and they were glad to recognise the number of instances of 
original observation. If it had given them pleasure to listen to the address, how 
much more pleasure would they have in reading it, when they could digest the 
facts that to-day they had only hurriedly heard. 

The HON. TREASURER then presented the balance sheet for 
the past year, which was a very satisfactory one. At the last 
Annual Meeting he had the pleasure of announcing to the Club 
that they had a reserve fund of ^100 in Consols. He was glad 
now to be able to announce that the sum had risen considerably. 
The Club was indebted to Mr. Eaton for his liberal contribution 
of S towards the expense of printing the rainfall returns and 
to Mr. H. E. Huntley for los. towards the Plate Fund. 

Mr. ALFRED POPE, in moving the adoption of the report, 
complimented the Hon. Treasurer on the successful result of his 
efforts. 

Mr. F. J. BARNES seconded the adoption of the report, and it 
was carried unanimously. 

The PRESIDENT expressed the thanks of the Club to Messrs. 
Eaton and Huntley for their contributions, and congratulated 
Captain Elwes on his great success as Hon. Treasurer. 

The meeting then adjourned for luncheon, and was resumed 
at 2.45, when the HON. SECRETARY presented his report, 
prefacing it with a statement of receipts and expenditure in 
connection with the summer meetings : 

"The membership of the Club is now (including the 14 new Members elected 
to-day) 361, which, by a curious coincidence, is exactly the same number with 
which the year started. The large influx of new Members has been counter- 
balanced by an equally large number of deaths among our old Members and 
departures from the county. The summer meetings this year, with the exception 
of that at Sherborne, were not great successes financially. One sometimes hears 
of Members who complain that they are asked to pay their portion of " incidental 
expenses ' ' at these meetings ; but my statement of receipts and expenditure 
shows that the small levy on Members is absolutely necessary. Of work done 



xliv. THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. 

this past year there is nothing brilliant to report in the Secretary's department. 
Partly through the Club's instrumentality, the marriage registers of Dorset are to 
be published, gradually, in Phillimore's well-known county series. And 
perhaps during the coming year arrangements may be made for affiliating the 
minor natural history and antiquarian societies of Dorset to the central County 
Field Club. The members of the Executive have been revolving the subject in 
their minds for several months, but, of course, the whole matter would be 
submitted to the Members of the Field Club before any real action is taken ; and 
I only mention the subject now as some premature, yet pleasing, paragraphs 
bearing thereon have appeared in some of the Dorset newspapers. To unify the 
natural histoiy and antiquarian work which is being done in the county seems to 
me to be a thing much to be desired, provided that it can be done without 
amalgamating the several clubs. I should also like to call attention to the 
sixpenny pamphlet which the Club has published this year. The Assistant 
Secretary has compiled a list of the past and present officers of the Club, its 
Members, its rules, its publications, and a general index of the papers, &c., 
published in its twenty -five volumes of 'Proceedings,' and every Member should 
secure a copy ere it is out of print." 

The PRESIDENT expressed the Club's great appreciation of Mi'. Pentin's services 
during the year. They had good reason to be thankful that they were so 
fortunate as to obtain so excellent a successor to their late Secretary, Dr. Colley 
March. 

Captain ELWES then, in accordance with the notice he had 
previously given, proposed that the Club membership should be 
limited to 400. The proposition was seconded by Dr. CRALLAN, 
but, as it failed to obtain the support of three-fourths of the 
Members present at the meeting, as required under Rule 21, 
the motion was lost. 

The Hon. Editor's report followed : 

" The new volume is making progress. There are already in type : By the 
Hon. Secretary, a paper on ' Liscombe Chapel ' ; articles, by Mr. C. S. Prideaux 
and Mr. Gray, on 'The Barrow Excavations at Martiustown " ; on 'Spiders,' 
by Mr. Cambridge ; on ' Dorset Plants,' by Mr. Liuton. The latter will be an 
appendix to Mr. Mansel-Pleydell's valuable work on the subiect. There will 
follow : ' The Xaturalist iu Australia,' by the Rev. C. W. H. Dicker ; a continu- 
ation, concluding the list, of ' Church Goods, 1552 ' ; and I hope to receive 
Canon Raven's monograph on ' The Church Bells of Dorset ' in time for this 
year's volume. There will also be ' Poems in the Dorset Dialect,' by the late 
Rev. W. Barnes ; and a paper on ' The Cross-legged Effigies in Dorset,' by Mr. 
Sidney Heath ; and a note by Rev. H. S. Solly, on ' The Landslip at Lyme Regis.' 
Club notes will be continued, and the ' Rainfall Returns ' and ' First Appear- 
ances,' as usual. A new feature in the book will be a series of the Chartularies 



THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. xlv. 

of Dorset Abbeys, which will be commenced in this volume and continued from 
year to year. The first will relate to the Abbey of Middleton (Milton). The . 
chartulary of this abbey, which was in existence in Tanner's days, has since 
disappeared ; it is supposed to have been lost when the public records were kept 
in the stable at Carlton Gardens. An enquiry at the Record Office has confirmed 
the report of its loss. But Tanner, who mentioned it, made some extracts from 
it, which are now, with other manuscripts of his, in the Bodleian Library. I 
have obtained photographic facnun lies of these, from which transcripts have been 
made for the printers, and Mr. B. Fossett Lock has kindly promised a translation 
of them. The next to be printed will be the Charters of Cerne Abbey. Mr. 
Alfred Rogers, sub-librarian of the University Library, Cambridge, has kindly 
copied these, and I hope Mr. B. Fossett Lock will give us a translation of them. 
They were mentioned by Mr. Doraii Webb in his article on the Book of Cerne 
in a former volume of the transactions. They were then on loose leaves of 
parchment, tied up with the Book of Cerne ; but whether perfect and complete or 
not, I have not yet heard. The volume will be an interesting one, not inferior to 
the last in the quality of its contents, nor perhaps in bulk, and it will be well 
illustrated." 

RAILWAY FACILITIES. The HON. SECRETARY stated that the 
British Association, to which the Club was affiliated, had invited 
them to join with other affiliated bodies in asking the railway 
companies of England for concessions for Members travelling 
on antiquarian and scientific business. This was agreed to. 

ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The President, Hon. Secretary, 
Hon. Treasurer, and Hon. Editor were re-elected, and the HON. 
SECRETARY re-nominated Mr. H. Pouncy as Assistant Secretary. 

In accordance with Rule III., the PRESIDENT nominated the 
following gentlemen for re-election as Vice-Presidents : Lord 
Eustace Cecil, F.R.G.S., Mr. W. H. Hudleston, M.A., F.R.S., 
F.L.S., F.G.S., the Rev. J. C. M. Mansel-Pleydell, M.A., Dr. H. 
Colley March, F.S.A., the Rev. O. Pickard-Cambridge, M.A., 
F.R.S., Mr. R. Bosworth Smith, M.A., the Hon. Morton G. 
Stuart-Gray, M.A., F.G.S., and the Rev. W. Miles Barnes, B.A. 

THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION. The HON. SECRETARY observed 
that the British Association appeared to take it for granted that 
the Club would not send a delegate to the meeting of the 
Association in South Africa this year, but they had invited them 
to appoint a delegate to attend certain meetings in London. 
He proposed Mr. Ernest Sykes, President of the Malacological 



xlvi. THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. 

Society, and one of their most distinguished Members. The 
PRESIDENT seconded. It was carried. 

THE SUMMER MEETINGS. The next business was the choice 
of the places of field meetings to be held during the ensuing 
summer. Many suggestions of localities had been received by 
the Secretary on forms sent out for the purpose, and these were 
put to the vote, with the result that Bradford-on-Avon and Bath 
(two days) ; Brownsea Island ; and Langton Herring, Fleet, and 
the Chesil Beach were selected for the outdoor meetings. 

An interesting paper was then read by Captain ACLAND on 
"The Saxon Origin of Studland Church." Captain Acland 
included in his paper some notes by Mr. A. M. Luckham, 
churchwarden of Studland 30 years ago. These observations 
by an observant man, who had unusual opportunities for 
studying the details of the work, are of much value, shewing 
as they do the discoveries that were made in the course of it, and 
some of the changes carried out in the course of the restoration. 

He says : " It will be noticed that in the thick and thin course rabble work of 
the church not a single quarried stone appears ; a large proportion of the stones 
are water worn, and have been broken in two, so as to get one flat surface 
outward, and other stones are rough flints, or hard sandstone, such as may be 
picked up even now on the seashore, or in the fields. Every stone of the worked 
' ashlar ' has been added to an existing building, and mortar of a different 
colour and better quality has been used in fixing them. The hewn stones of the 
quoins throughout the building do not ' course ' with the rubble work. When a 
portion of the S.W. quoin of the nave was taken down, it was found that the 
corner of the nibble work had been roughly pulled down and the new ' ashlar ' 
stones built in without any regard to the courses of the old work ; here also a 
whiter and better mortar has been used. The whole of the plinth of the exterior 
walls, and of the skirting stones at the foot of the interior, carry no weight, are often 
quite thin, and fell out when the earth was removed from their bases. The band 
of ' ashlar ' round the chancel, and the worked stones round the windows, were 
also merely stuck on with the white mortar, and, when some of the stones of this 
band were removed (being loose), it was found that some of them were merely 
hollowed-out shells stuck on over some hard flints in the rubble work, which was 
too hard to be chopped down. To put in new woodwork to the south doorway, it 
was necessary to remove some of the quoin stones on the inside of the church, and 
it was found that the Norman builders had been acting on the same lines of 
preservation as we had in our repairs ; for, although much labour might have 
been spared by pulling out the old sandstone quoins, they had chosen to cut the 



ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, xlvii. 

new quoins into a V shape and build them round the old ones, this being done 
with the white mortar. In underpinning the buttresses, there was found an old 
' threshold ' of sandstone worn in deep grooves by long use. Of course, this 
might have been brought from some other building, but it was of the proper 
width for the church door. This stone, broken, is now, I believe, under the elms 
east of the chancel." 

A paper, by Mr. Sidney Heath, on " The Cross-legged Effigies 
in Dorset," on account of the lateness of the hour, was taken as 
read ; it will be printed. 

The meeting was then closed. 







xlviii. 

FIRST SUMMER MEETING. 
BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH. 

THE FIRST SUMMER MEETING was held at Bradford-on-Avon 
and Bath, and was attended by about thirty persons. This small 
party was conveyed to Bradford by two trains, the one reaching 
Bradford at 11.30, the other at 12.16. The two contingents 
united at the railway station, and, under the guidance of 
Mr. F. Bligh Bond, F.R.I.B.A., visited many places of great 
archaeological and artistic interest. Mr. Bond first led the party 
to Barton Farm, where they surveyed the ancient barn, which is 
170 feet in length, built of and roofed with stone. This barn 
possessed remarkable interest, inasmuch as it has been continu- 
ously used as a barn from the time of its erection in the early 
part of the i4th century to the present, and in that period has 
undergone but little change, even the fine oak-timbered roof 
being the same that was originally placed upon the massive 
stone walls. 

The tenant of the farm, Mr. Chard, allowed the Members of 
the Club to inspect the ancient room attached to the farmhouse 
close by, and called the " Hall." This proved to be the solar of a 
chamber of the same date as the barn, early i4th century, with 
its original window, the whole being in excellent preservation. 
The barn was formerly the property of the Abbey of Shaftesbury, 
and, from the position of this chamber and its date, it seems 
exceedingly probable that it was the residence of their agents 
(perhaps two monks), who received the rents and acted generally 
as the managers of the monastic property there. 

Not far from the barn and chamber, and of the same date, is 
an ancient bridge over the Avon. 

The town is a veritable mine of architectural treasure. On 
the way back to it Mr. BOND pointed out the characteristic 
features of old Bradford the many terraces of gabled houses, 
mostly built by Flemish weavers, who, driven to England by 
religious persecution in the i5th and i6th centuries, started 



BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. xlix. 

the cloth-weaving business, and thus laid the foundations of the 
town's prosperity. On the way the party passed the Men's 
Almshouses, built in 1700 by John Hall, and dedicated "Deo el 
pauperibus" Mr. Bond stated that there was a pre-Reformation 
almshouse for women in another part of the town. There were 
excellent specimens of domestic buildings of various dates 
Elizabeth, Q. Anne, and George I. 

Passing the Queen's Head Inn and other gabled buildings on 
the right, the party came to the town bridge over the Avon, with 
its six arches. This probably, said Mr. Bond, is also a i4th 
century bridge, though perhaps of later date than the Barton 
Bridge. A special feature of interest is a small chantry on one 
side of the bridge and bracketed over the river on corbels. 
Mr. Bond stated that the superstructure had been rebuilt, and 
for the last two or three hundred years the place had been used 
as the town lock-up. The corbelling below was original. There 
were such chapels on bridges at Wakefield and Rotherham, 
and there was also one at Bath before the bridge was pulled 
down. 

Crossing the bridge, the party were led through "The 
Shambles," a straight and narrow thoroughfare, still named 
after a meat market formerly existing there. The place is of 
interest on account of two Tudor gabled houses with fine timber 
fronts. An oriel window, formerly an artistic feature, has 
disappeared. Mr. Bond invited the party to admire the straw- 
berry-leaf carving ail round the ornamental barge-board of the 
gables. He also pointed out the i5th century doorway to the 
Royal Oak Inn. 

The party then repaired for luncheon to the New Bear Inn, 
where they were joined by the Vicar of Bradford, the Rev. S. O. 
Collisson, who, after luncheon, led the way to the parish church 
and gave a description of it. 

The original structure, said the VICAR, was of about the year 
1200, but many additions and alterations had been made at later 
periods. It was the mother church of six chapelries served by 
her, and also of the district of Christ Church in the town. The 



1. BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. 

original building consisted of a chancel, about two-thirds of the 
length of the present one, nave, and tower. In the i4th century 
the chancel was lengthened, in the i5th was added the present 
tower, and in the i6th century two chapelries, now included in 
the north aisle. There were two Norman windows on each side 
of the chancel. He pointed out the Methuen monument, two 
ancient recessed tombs, the unusually long hagioscope, the traces 
of the rood screen, and the reredos in stone of a i5th century 
altar in the aisle opposite the south porch, about which a theory 
had recently been propounded that it was put up as a rest for an 
Easter sepulchre. Such a position would be a very unusual one 
for an Easter sepulchre, and it seems disproved by a hagioscope 
now filled up but marked in a plan of the ancient church 
before restoration, which hagioscope would have had no motive 
if an altar had not been there. The height of the altar slab 
shows that the level of the aisle, or of this portion of it, has been 
raised at some time since the i5th century. 

The registers began in 1579. The Elizabethan silver-gilt 
chalice, of the year 1564, was recorded as the oldest in Wiltshire. 

THE SAXON CHURCH. 

Leaving the parish church the party repaired to the Saxon 
Church of St. Lawrence close by, probably the ecchsiola attributed 
to St. Aldhelm by William of Malmesbury. 

Outside the building the arcading on the upper part of the 
walls attracted attention. The arcading is characteristic of 
Saxon and of Early Romanesque work generally. Within 

Mr. COLLISSON, addressing the Club, said that this little 
Saxon church was the only perfect specimen of primitive 
Romanesque style, and therefore a unique example of building 
in the early part of the 8th century. It brought us within 
70 years of the landing of St. Birinus, the Apostle of Wessex. 
William of Malmesbury, in 1120, in his Gesta Pontificum, wrote : 
"To this day there is at Bradford a little church which Aldhelm 
is said to have founded and dedicated to the blessed St. 



BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. 11. 

Lawrence." Aldhelm was abbot of Malmesbury in 670. In a 
deed of 705 his small monasteries of Frome and Bradford, which 
he built, were mentioned when he became Bishop of Sherborne. 
The monasteries were little missionary settlements of three or 
four priests. It was, therefore, concluded that the date of the 
Saxon church could not be placed later than 705. This was the 
opinion formed, not only by the discoverer, Canon Jones, the 
late vicar of the parish, but also by Mr. E. A. Freeman, who in 
1874 wrote: "Without all doubt this building of Aldhelm's." 
Originally the church was cruciform. The portion missing on 
the south side was clearly indicated. The line of the roof could 
be seen, and the foundation walls of the ancient building were 
discovered where the present buttresses had been placed, the 
height and width agreeing with the porch upon the north side. 
As to the dimensions of the building, the nave is 25ft. 2in. by 
i3ft. ain. ; the chancel, i3ft. zin. by icft. ; and the porch, 
9ft. nin. by loft. 5in. The special points of interest are the 
extreme height of the building nave, 25ft. sin. ; chancel, 
1 8ft. 4in. ; and porch, isft. 6in. The step down into the chancel 
was peculiar, and he called attention to the narrowness of the 
entrance arch 3ft. 5in. The nave arch is 8|ft. high and 
2ft. loin, wide, and wider at the base than at the top. The 
elevation of the chancel and nave has three stages, first plain 
with the exception of pilasters cut out of the stone, some of 
them on the north side having stepped bases. Then a string 
course all round, and upon it an arcade consisting of pilasters 
supporting arches, all cut out of the stone. The capitals and 
bases of the pilasters are all quite plain. When the true nature 
of the building was discovered, before which time it was 
used as a free school, there was a stable and a donkey shed 
on one side, and when these were pulled down a great fuss was 
made in archaeological circles, it being declared that the whole 
building would fall down. But such anxiety was quite needless. 
Soon after he came to Bradford he found that the old roof not 
the original roof, which was, he supposed, of thatch was 
beginning to spread the walls outward. They had to take the 



Hi. BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. 

roof off; and when they examined the wall they found that it 
was a double wall, with a space between. This they filled in 
with cement grouting, thus making a solid wall such as to last 
for all time. A problem was how to light the church. They had 
had four copies made of a Roman chandelier with five sconces 
in the British Museum ; but the 20 candles were quite insufficient 
to light the interior. 

The PRESIDENT thanked the Vicar for kindly showing the 
Club his two churches, and remarked that the Saxon church was 
of especial interest in the year of the celebration of the 
i,2ooth anniversary of St. Aldhelm as Bishop of Sherborne. 

The Club then visited "The Priory." The house, Mr. BOND 
stated, dated from the reign of Henry VI., and on the upper 
side of it was a barn of the same period. The house is a 
curious medley of styles from Henry VI. onward ; though 
called "The Priory" the house never had any connection with 
any ecclesiastical establishment. At " The Chantry," the next 
house visited, the Members were received by Dr. and Mrs. 
Beddoe. The main portion of the house dates from Henry VIII. 
to this. Inigo Jones added two rooms. 

From the Chantry the party walked to the hall, a beautiful 
house built in the later years of Queen Elizabeth's reign here 
by the hospitality of the owner, Mr. J. Moulton, tea and fruit 
were served. 

By the 6.26 train the Members departed for Bath. 

At 7.30 dinner was served at the Pulteney Hotel, after which 
two candidates were proposed for membership. 

At nine o'clock the Club visited the Municipal Buildings. 
Here the Rev. C. W. Shickle, Master of St. John's Hospital and 
ex-President of the Bath Field Club, and the Town Clerk 
received them. In the Mayor's parlour the municipal regalia, 
with the chain and seal, and maces, the two-handled sword 
and loving cup were laid out for inspection. In the archives of 
the Corporation are the whole of the city accounts from the 8th 
3 - ear of Queen Elizabeth. A series of early and very interesting 
charters was shown. 



BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. liii. 

After breakfast at the hotel on Wednesday morning the party 
sallied forth at 9.30 and walked to the Pump-room, where they 
were received by Mr. Alderman Moore, chairman of the Baths 
Committee of the Corporation, who was accompanied by Mr. 
A. J. Taylor, pupil of the late Major Davis, F.S.A., to whom 
were due the excavations made with such interesting results at 
the Roman Baths. 

The Members first inspected the cases in which are arranged 
many of the valuable and curious objects found during the 
excavation of the Roman Baths. There is a fine series of Roman 
imperial coins (reported on by Mr. E. C. Davey, F.G.S.), found 
between 1879 and 1898, and covering a period of nearly 480 
years, from 50 B.C. to 423 A.D., and a collection of engraved 
gems found during the excavation of the wooden duct, and a 
model of a portion of the Roman Baths. 

After visiting the fine concert hall, 

Alderman MOORE took the party to the King's Bath, the 
famous mediaeval bath, which is sft. 6in. deep, and the bottom 
of which is the ceiling of the Roman reservoir below it. The 
central shaft of the spring enters the Roman reservoir. The 
Romans, with a view to protect the water from any possible 
contamination, built a wall round the spring 3ft. bin. thick. 

Alderman Moore then led the party down and showed them 
the old dipping place at the commencement of the Roman culvert 
which conducted the waste mineral water away to the river. It 
was here the ear-rings, pearl pin, dipping cups, and various 
ornaments were found, having evidently been dropped by 
accident into the water. 

Mr. TAYLOR showed the party close by the interesting frag- 
ments of the temple dedicated to Sul-Minerva. These fragments 
were found in 1790 under the west end of the Pump-room. The 
pediment was supported by four columns. The middle object 
of the tympanum is a clipeus, or round shield, carved in relief 
with the head of a gorgon, supported on either side by winged 
Victories. This head, said Mr. Taylor, is pronounced to be the 
finest specimen of Roman carving extant on this side of the 



liv. RRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. 

Alps. There were two other temples on the right, one dedicated 
to Selene and the other to the Four Seasons. In this latter 
temple one broken stone was found in 1790, and another, which 
fitted it perfectly, was not found until 1897. Mr. Taylor also 
called attention to an interesting little altar to Minerva and a 
head of a lady of the time of Diocletian. 

The party were then conducted to a spot in the schola beside 
the largest Roman bath, and, having seated themselves, were 
addressed by Alderman MOORE. They were, he said, standing 
on classic ground. Roman Bath was strictly circumscribed in 
area, being not more than a quarter of a mile in diameter. The 
names Westgate Street, Northgate Street, and Southgate Street 
served to keep alive the fact of old entrances to the city. The 
bath that they were looking at was the principal one of a series 
of five running in a line, and it was the finest Roman bath north 
of the Alps. After the roof had fallen in the debris washed down 
from the hills surrounding the city filled the bath up and covered 
it to a considerable height. The Poor Law Union Office was in 
latter days built over the site. The discovery of the bath was 
made by Major Davis on going under the house to underpin the 
foundations, which had been found to be unstable. The bottom 
of the bath was covered with lead, in sheets of loft, by 5ft., and 
weighing 4olb. to the foot. 

Bath from early times had drawn its fresh water from St. 
Winifred's Well, under Lansdown, and this cool spring water 
was laid on by the Romans to the hot baths and used by them 
as a douche and for drinking. Bracelets, safety and other pins, 
ear-rings, and amulets had been found at the drinking-place. It 
was supposed, judging by the coins found, that the baths were 
begun in the reign of Claudius, just after he came from England. 
Full-length statues of eight of the Roman Emperors and 
Generals who came to Britain had been erected over the schola, 
the series running from Julius Caesar to Constantine. At the 
time when the bath was uncovered, Alderman Moore continued, 
he happened to be Hon. Secretary of a flourishing Bath Micro- 
scopical Society. On examining the sediment in the bath, he 



BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. Iv. 

detected the presence of certain minute shells, and sent 
specimens to Professor Rimmer, the author of " Fresh Water 
Molluscs," who pronounced the opinion that they were found 
only in brackish water. This raised the interesting question 
whether the bore ever came up the Avon. It had hitherto been 
considered that it did not. Mr. Taylor led the way to the third 
bath of the series, a circular margin quartered into arcs by flights 
of steps leading down into the waters, and he then conducted 
the party to the remains of the hot-air room. He pointed out 
the hypocaust, the piles of flat brick tiles, cemented together, 
which supported the floor. The furnaces were near. 

Before leaving the baths the PRESIDENT returned the thanks 
of the Club to Alderman Moore and Mr. Taylor for their kind 
offices. 

The party were then conducted to 

THE ABBEY CHURCH, 

where they were received by the Rector, Prebendary Boyd, who 
related the well-known story of the religious foundations of 
Bath. 

Religious sites, said Canon BOYD, show a tendency to be 
permanent, and there was much to be said in favour of 
the theory that the Abbey stood on the site occupied by the 
Temple of Minerva in Roman times. In 676, their first great 
date, Osric founded a nunnery in Bath. Secular canons replaced 
the nuns in 775. In 970 Dunstan established a Benedictine 
Priory here. Three years later King Edgar, who had been 
reigning a few years, was hallowed as King by Dunstan in the 
priory church. In 1088 John de Villula, or John of Tours, the 
first Bishop of Bath, set to work to build a fine cathedral in Bath, 
extending from the west wall, as they saw it now, to a consider- 
able distance towards the Empire Hotel. Fifty years afterwards 
there was a destructive fire, and they found Bishop Robert in 
1137 rebuilding the church. It was doubtful whether we saw 
to-day the remains of Bishop Robert's cathedral or of the 



Ivi. BRADFORD-ON-AVON AKD BATH MEETING. 

previous one of John de Villula. The monastic buildings were 
on the south side of the abbey, but they had gone entirely. 
After 1242 the Canons of Wells, whose church had begun to 
rise, showed much jealousy of the eminence hitherto enjoyed by 
Bath, and whenever the Bishopric became vacant there was a 
strife between them who should appoint the Bishop. Some- 
times he was appointed by Bath and sometimes by Wells. 
There were appeals and much litigation, whereby the 40 monks 
of Bath were reduced to a state of perpetual involuntary poverty, 
and were not able to keep up their great cathedral church. 
It, therefore, became an utter ruin, and so continued for 
two hundred years. In 1499 the Bishop of Bath and 
Wells, as the title had been since 1244, was Dr. Oliver 
King, whose rebus, an olive tree springing out of a crown, 
was to be seen on the abbey walls. Tradition had it 
that he dreamed a dream, in which he saw a ladder set up to 
heaven from earth, and angels ascending and descending it, and 
was exhorted to restore the church. He acted upon the 
suggestion of the dream, and the vision was commemorated in 
the carving of the ladder and heavenly host on the west front. 
The plan for the re-edification of that ancient church was 
carried out mainly by William Bird, who also built the chantry, 
quite the most interesting architectural feature of the church. 
The delicate fan tracery and vaulting was similar to that of the 
choir. The church had always been dedicated to SS. Peter and 
Paul. It was reconsecrated about 1592. The beautiful vaulting 
of the nave, to correspond with the chancel vaulting, which was 
pre -Reformation, was carried out between the years 1864 and 
1871 by Prebendary Kemble and Sir Gilbert Scott, replacing as 
it did the waggon roof of plaster and wood. The length of the 
abbey now was 225 feet. The numbers of weeks and months 
of the year and days of the week were signified by the 52 
windows, the 12 columns, and seven doors. The church was 
of fine proportions. He pointed out, as worthy of the admira- 
tion of the Club, the magnificent east and west windows, 
and the clerestory windows, of great size and elegance. Canon 



BRADFORD-ON-AVON AND BATH MEETING. Ivii. 

Boyd led the party round the church, pointing out divers objects 
of special interest, particularly the monuments, in which the 
abbey is notably rich, richer indeed, it is said, than any such 
building in England save the great sanctuary of Westminster. 
The party noticed the medallion bust of the actor Quin, who 
is buried in the abbey, with the dedicatory lines by his 
compeer Garrick ; the canopied tomb of Sir William Waller, 
who commanded the Parliamentary forces at the battle of 
Lansdown ; the mural tablet to Malthus, author of the famous 
essay on " Population ; " Lieut. Willoughby, who blew up the 
magazine at Delhi ; and the monuments to Alan, Lord Gardner; 
to Beau Nash, the King of Fashion and controller of ceremonies 
at Bath until his death in 1761 at the age of 87; to William 
Bingham, by Flaxman ; and to Mary, third daughter of Richard 
Frampton, of Moreton another name familiar to Dorset folk 
and Jane, his wife, with a long panegyric by Dryden. 

After luncheon at the hotel the party, under the guidance of 
Mr. T. S. Bush, visited the Museum, which contains a large 
quantity of Roman antiquities and also geological, palseonto- 
logical, mineral, and ornithological collections. The Club 
were received by the Rev. H. H. Winwood, Chairman of the 
Museum Committee, and Mr. Davy, the Secretary. From this 
museum they walked, accompanied by Messrs. Winwood, Bush, 
and Davy, to the Holburne Art Museum, and from thence to the 
Royal Victoria Park and Botanic Gardens ; the Park contains 
specimens of almost every British tree, and also many foreign 
ones. 

The party returned to the hotel for tea, and dispersed shortly 
before six o'clock. 



Iviii. 

SECOND SUMMER MEETING. 
POOLE AND BROWNSEA ISLAND MEETING. 

THE SECOND SUMMER MEETING was held at Poole and 
Brownsea Island on Tuesday, August 8th. There was an 
unusually large attendance of Members, no less than 164 cards 
having been sent out. 

POOLE. 

The Club found in Mr. J. Robey Eldridge, Hon. Secretary of 
the Poole Natural History Society, and Mr. W. K. Gill highly 
competent guides. The latter conducted the large party down 
West Quay Road, towards the West Shore. On the way a short 
halt was called in front of the Almshouse, built in 1816 by 
George Garland, a wealthy Newfoundland merchant, the same 
who, on the occasion of the great feast in 1814, presented "One 
honest plum pudding of one hundredweight " towards the great 
feast held in Poole Street. For a long time, Mr. GILL informed 
the party, the merchants of Poole enjoyed the best of the trade 
with Newfoundland, exporting cloth and varied goods and 
importing fish, sealskins, oil, &c. All the trade was done on 
the truck system, and the merchants of Poole grew rich by 
buying wholesale the goods which they exported and selling 
them in Newfoundland retail, and buying wholesale the goods 
which they imported in exchange and retailing them here. 

Further down the party passed the front of the house built in 
1746 by Sir Peter Thompson, a Poole merchant, who did a 
large trade with Hamburg, and who had been knighted the year 
before. It was a good example of a Georgian house, and still 
bears the Arms of Sir Peter over it. Poole is rich in old 
merchants' houses ; most of them have been vulgarised, but Sir 
Peter's house is now Lady Wimborne's "Cornelia Hospital," 
and thus devoted to a noble purpose. The most ancient 
almshouses of Poole were next pointed out. They were 
originally built in the reign of Henry V., and were long the 



POOLE AND BROWNSEA ISLAND MEETING. lix. 

property of the St. George's Guild. They passed to the Crown 
in 1547, and were purchased for the Corporation in 1550. Thus, 
though doubtless they have been rebuilt more than once since 
they were first built, they have been devoted to the use of the 
poor for over 500 years. 

The party were then led to a portion of an ancient stone wall, 
which is said to have been part of the wall built for the defence 
of the town. This seems to the writer to have been not 
improbable. 

The next halting place was at the 

TOWN CELLARS. 

Here a discussion arose, which was continued at the Town 
Hall, as to whether this building was originally part of a 
monastic establishment, or was an ancient building devoted to 
secular uses. 

The debate may be thus summarised. 

As to the date of the building, Mr. W. MILES BARNES said 
that, judging from the architecture, it was originally built in the 
i4th century, and had undergone extensive repairs in the i5th 
century. The windows at the back of the building were of that 
period, and there had been a window of that period inserted in 
the front facing them. 

Mr. MATE believed the building was a portion of some 
monastic establishment. It was formerly much longer than at 
present, and the part pulled down some 25 years ago, when the 
new buildings were erected, had fittings of an ecclesiastical 
character. He considered that it was undoubtedly connected 
with a religious foundation, probably the Priory of Bradenstoke 
(Wilts), founded by Walter de Salisburie in the i2th century, to 
which the houses of Poole and Canford were attached. 

The Rev. F. W. GALPIN thought that it was in favour of 
Mr. Mate's theory that there is a " Paradise " Street bounding 
the building on the south, while on the north is "Salisbury" 
Street, and that the old part, now pulled down, was described in 



l.X. POOLE AND fcROWNSEA ISLAND MEETING. 



records of the lyth century as "Paradise" Cellar. This name 
is suggestive, as a " Paradise" was a place to which the monks, 
after hard fasting and penance, were allowed to retire for rest, 
refreshment, and recreation. The "Paradise" of the great 
Benedictine house at Canterbury still remains, and the site of 
an old building and garden adjacent to the Priory of Hatfield 
Regis (Essex) is even now locally known as " Paradise." 

Mr. GILL said there was an utter lack of record of any 
monastic foundation at Poole. There is no mention of a friary 
or of any other monastic establishment at Poole in Dugdale or 
in Tanner, or in the Taxalio Ecclesiastica of Pope Nicolas. 
Father Gasquet has the following note in the Appendix to 
Vol. I. of his " English Monasteries " : " Poole 'a friary.' No 
friary, the grant 3 Ed. VI. seems to have been of guild property." 
The property had always been and was manor property. There 
was no record of alienation or resumption. 

Mr. BARNES remarked that, if there was no record of a 
monastic establishment at Poole, it seemed almost conclusive 
evidence that there had been nothing of the kind there. 

On leaving the Town Cellars, the company were courteously 
received and welcomed by the Mayor at the Town Hall. The 
PRESIDENT expressed the thanks of the Field Club to the Mayor 
for the use of the Hall and his kind reception of them, and also 
to Mr. Gill for the delightful manner in which he had acted as 
their guide. 

The large party then mounted the vehicles, which were drawn 
up on each side of the Hall, and were driven through Poole Park 
to Sandbanks, at the extremity of which they were set down 
before the Haven Hotel. Here luncheon was served, after which 
a meeting was held on the terrace outside the hotel. The only 
business transacted was the election of twelve persons to the 
membership and the nomination of three candidates for member- 
ship. Mr. ALFRED POPE then made an appeal, on behalf of the 
Museum Council, for contributions towards defraying the cost 
of raising and relaying on the floor of the County Museum the 
mosaic pavement lately found in Durngate Street, Dorchester. 



POOLE AND BROWNSEA ISLAND MEETING. 1X1. 
BROWNSEA ISLAND. 

Then it was time to repair to the little pier close by to cross 
over the channel to Brownsea Castle. Messrs. Ashton and 
Kilner's steam launch had been engaged to ferry the party over, 
and a large barge was taken in tow ; but so large was the 
number that the crossing would have taken some time, had not 
Mr. and Mrs. Van Raalte most kindly and thoughtfully expedited 
the passage of their guests by sending their steam yacht and 
steam pinnace to supplement the hired boats. 

On landing, the party received a gracious welcome from Mr. 
and Mrs. Van Raalte, and were conducted to a spacious terrace 
beneath the Castle and overlooking an Italian garden, exceed- 
ingly beautiful in its summer garb and wealth of colour. Here 
Mr. VAN RAALTE read the paper on the history of Brownsea 
Island, which is printed at the end of the volume. 

The PRESIDENT, in thanking Mr. Van Raalte, expressed 
pleasure at the fact that in his paper he had dealt with the 
natural history of the Island as well as its matters of general 
history and archaeology ; and he took occasion to refer to the 
catalogue of the botany of the Island made 150 years ago. 

Mr. Van Raalte then conducted the party over the Island. 
They visited first the battery of five guns, supposed to have been 
brought from the Royal Frederick, and, as evidence thereof, 
bearing the initials R. F. on their trunnions. The hill on which 
the battery is stationed has been lowered ; had this not been 
done, the battery would have commanded the Castle. When 
carrying out some alterations to the square tower of the Castle 
three ancient cannon balls (j-pounders) were found embedded 
in the wall. 

From the battery the party strolled through a pine wood 
above the sea and across a pleasant grassy glade to the church 
a new one, but containing much that was old and interesting. 
In the churchyard is a finely-sculptured Italian well-head, now 
used as a memorial stone. The well-head is cut in Appenine 
limestone, and is reputed to be very old. If that is the case, it 



Ixii. POOLE AND fiROWNSEA ISLANt) MEETING. 

was probably not long in use as a well-head, for there are no 
rope marks upon it. Within the church is much oak panelling 
from Crossby Hall, Cardinal Wolsey's palace. 

Leaving the church, the Members were led through a beautiful 
garden glowing in colour, between rows of herbaceous plants, 
and of roses and creepers stretching in long festoons from one 
rustic pole to another, thence along the wooded bank of a 
stream, and through a plantation from whence a glimpse could 
be obtained of deer not far away to the freshwater lakes. The 
party then returned to the Castle and inspected the fine 
collection of ancient musical instruments, ranged in groups 
upon the walls of the hall according to the class to which they 
belonged. The collection included a portative organ of the 
1 5th century, a virginal of the time of Queen Elizabeth, a spinet, 
a harpsichord, harps, lutes, lyres, and other stringed instruments. 
The wood wind included a serpent, a favourite instrument in the 
village church bands of Dorset. Tea was then served to the 
large party on the terrace of the castle, and the guests, after 
hearty expressions of appreciation of the kindness and hospitality 
of Mr. and Mrs. Van Raalte, took their leave and re-embarked, 
raising a hearty cheer for their hosts as the boats left the 
landing stage. The carriages were in waiting at Sandbanks, 
and the Members were soon on their way to the station for the 
return journey. 




FRAGMENT OF WAYSIDE CROSS, LANGTON HERRING. 



Ixiii. 

THIRD SUMMER MEETING. 
CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

THE LAST OUTDOOR MEETING of the season was held on 
Thursday, September i4th. 

The meeting attracted a large number of persons ; ninety 
assembled at the Weymouth Railway Station, from whence the 
start was made at 10.30. The first halt was made at Langton 
Cross to inspect the remains of an ancient wayside cross. 

Here Mr. A. POPE, who is gathering materials for a work on 
the crosses of Dorset, read the following paper : 

LANGTON HEEBING CEOSS. 

This is the remains of a fine old Latin cross hewn out of one solid block of 
Portland or Ridgway stone firmly embedded in the ground, and, judging from 
the bold chamfered edges both to the shaft and the arms and the general design, 
it would probably be considered 14th century work. 

It will be noticed that the top or head of the cross has been broken off, and 
that the arms, particularly the right, have been somewhat damaged, and that the 
whole is much weather-worn and covered with moss and lichen, which adds 
considerably to its venerable appearance. 

I have been unable to discover any lettering or ornament of any kind upon the 
stone. 

I have taken very careful measurements, and I find that the length of the shaft 
from the ground to where broken off is 3ft. 2in. It is embedded in the ground 
1ft. Tin. (as ascertained by the late Major William Sparks), making together 
4ft. 9in. 

The transom, or arms, measure 1ft. 7in. 

The shaft at the bottom is llin. square, tapering to 9in. at the top. 

The chamfering, which is both before and behind, is unusually bold, and 
measures 2f in. 

The cross faces towards the south, inclining slightly towards the west, and 
before the deeply -excavated road to Portesham was made would have stood up 
much more prominently than it appears at present. 

It stands in the direct route from Weymouth to the ancient Abbey of Abbots- 
bury and St. Catherine's Chapel, at the junction of the roads from Laugtou and 
Portesham to Weymouth. 



Ixiv. CHESJL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

So far for description of the stone. Let us now consider to what uses this 
venerable cross may have been put in ages gone by and the reasons for its 
erection. 

Crosses, as is well known, are our earliest symbols of Christianity ; no objects 
in our island belonging to historic times are older. They were erected as 
memorials to the dead, and for preaching and praying purposes before each 
parish had its chapel or church. The markets in our country towns and villages 
were held around or under them, and all important notices, and often banns of 
marriage, were proclaimed from them. They served as guide posts, where the 
weary wayfarer might rest and breathe his evening prayer, and as boundary or 
bond marks, where the reverence paid to the cross in early times would be an 
efficient guard against encroachments. Many of the possessions of religious 
houses had their boundaries so denned, as evidenced by records wherein these are 
named, and that not always by crosses set up for the purpose, but by adopting 
those already existing. 

This cross, then, it may be safely surmised, was set up for one of these two 
latter purposes, or possibly for both. 

It may have been a guide mark and praying station for those pilgrims landing 
at Weymouth and journeying to the Monastery of St. Catherine's Chapel at 
Abbotsbury, and, on reference to the map, it will be found that it is in the 
direct route and about half-way between that port and the Abbey ; or it may 
have served as a boundary mark of the Abbey lands, for which no further use 
was required when the Monastery was dissolved and deprived of her possessions. 

In the absence of direct proof, either of these hypotheses must be merely 
conjecture, and I must leave you, ladies and gentlemen, to form your own 
opinions as to the original use of this ancient monument. 

The brakes were then driven on to Langton Herring, and the 
party were received at the church by the Rector, the Rev. W. O. 
Cockcraft, who showed them over the church. The Rev. W. 
MILES BARNES supplementing the remarks of the Rector, 
observed that the church was originally built in the i3th 
century. Of that date the tower remained almost intact, al- 
though a coping of later date had been added to the top of it. 
There were also two lancet windows of the same date, as well 
as some of the walling. They would observe two brackets in 
the east wall ; these he thought, had been moved from their 
original position, which, however, was not far off; they 
supported images of S. Mary and S. Peter, the patron saint of 
the church, and it would be observed that on the face of one 
of them crossed keys, the emblem of S. Peter, were carved. 



CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. Ixv. 

THE GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICT. 

Leaving the little village of Langton the party crossed the 
fields to the coastguard station, a distance of a mile and a- 
quarter, profiting on the way by the guidance of Mr. Hudleston, 
the eminent geologist, and Mr. Bowles Barrett, the first 
authority on the botany of the district. Going down into a 
small quarry Mr. Hudleston showed his followers a typical 
section of the Forest Marble, the characteristic of which is a 
number of false-bedded lime-stones, not true stratigraphically, 
but dipping into a mass of clay. On reaching the Fleet, Mr. 
Hudleston, standing on the top of the great oyster bank of the 
Fuller's Earth formation which projects into the Fleet, addressed 
the members as follows : 

I consider that this would be the most appropriate place for making a few 
remarks on the geology of the immediate district. The President pointed out 
last year at Osmington the important feature of the great anticlinal known as 
the Weymouth Saddle. The party are now standing on the very axis of that 
saddle, since from the Fuller's Earth, which you see in front of you, the several 
formations which constitute the Weymouth triangle dip away from this dome on 
either side. The existence of the Fuller's Earth at this particular spot was first 
discovered by Damon, the well-known geologist of Weymouth. Though it 
attains its maximum development of 150 feet in the West of Dorset, the formation 
was first named Fuller's Earth more than 100 years ago from its containing in 
the neighbourhood of Bath the material known as Fuller's earth, which from its 
property of absorbing grease was used by clothmakers in the operation of 
" fulling." It is essentially a marine formation, and in some places contains 
ammonites, though not here. Clays are the predominant feature, and this great 
clay formation may be traced northwards through the Cotteswolds, thinning all 
the way until it appears to merge in the Stonesfield-slate of Oxfordshire. In this 
district the Fuller's Earth is characterised by thick banks of oysters such as the 
one we are now inspecting. This is not a mere shell-drift, but rather represents 
an oyster-bank, such as occurs in water several fathoms deep of existing seas. 
The particular oyster which makes up this bank is a very narrow form, less 
curved on the whole than the typical Ostrea acimtinata to which it is referred. 
Specimens with both valves in apposition are abundant and well preserved, and 
the variety of form is very considerable, some specimens being modified by 
attachment. The next formation in order of time to which the programme 
alludes is the Forest Marble, and here again we meet with an anomaly in 
geological nomenclature so far as this district is concerned, for there is no forest 
here, neither is there any marble in the quarries. The Forest Marble of Dorset, 
which is probably about 120 feet thick at its maximum, is very clayey and marly, 



Ixvi. CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

yet with a considerable irregular distribution of flaggy false-bedded limestones 
often characterised by flattened fossils and fragments of oysters in fact a flaggy 
shell-limestone. It is essentially a shallow marine formation, and may be traced 
into Oxfordshire, where some of the flaggy limestones in Wychwood Forest are 
hard enough to take a polish ; hence the term Forest Marble. One of the objects 
of the excursion should be to endeavour to find the junction between the Fuller's 
Earth and the Forest Marble. 

It has been laid down by the Geological Surveyors that the actual base of the 
Forest Marble in this district is a rich fossil-bed, about two feet thick, known as 
the JtJiynchoHclIa-bed from the abundance of Rhynch. various. But there are 
plenty of other fossils in this bed ; and this makes the north shore of Herby- 
leigh, just opposite, capital ground for the collector. But these are merely 
fossils that have fallen from the little cliff on to the shore. What we want to do 
is to locate the bed itself, and so to prove its relations to the underlying Fuller's 
Earth, of which about 26 feet are said to be displayed in the section on the 
north coast of Herbyleigh. So far we have dealt with facts, but now eomes a 
bit of speculation. The geologist is bound to ask what has become of that fine 
limestone formation, the Great or Bath Oolite, in the midst of this mass of 
clays and marls and calcareous flags? We should expect to find it at the 
junction of the Fuller's Earth and Forest Marble, but its non-appearance is not 
altogether unexpected, for we know that a few miles south of Bradford the 
Great Oolite, as a distinct limestone formation, has thinned out to a feather- 
edge, and thus Dorset is deprived of the finest building stone of Bathonian 
age. The question then naturally arises, does any portion of the Forest Marble 
of Dorset represent the great Oolite. Perhaps the Bradford Encrinite 
(Apiocrinits Parkinsoni) may serve to throw some light on the subject. This 
fossil, as we know, is characteristic of the Bradford clay, which is generally 
regarded as the basal member of the Forest Marble in that part of Wiltshire. 
The position of the Bradford Encrinite in the Forset Marble of Dorset is, 
therefore, a matter of importance. The President has frequently found its 
remains on the south coast of Herbyleigh, but not, I believe, on the north coast. 
(Assent on the part of the President.) Hence we may conclude that the 
Rhi/Hchoiiella-'beii, which is held to be the base of the Forest Marble in this 
district, does not represent the Bradford Clay, but that we must look for the 
equivalent of the Bradford Clay higher up in the Forest Marble series of Dorset. 
Tliis view seems to correspond with the general section of the Forest Marble 
of this county as given by Mr. H. B. Woodward, who places the position of the 
Bradford Encrinite almost in the middle of the series. If, therefore, the 
equivalents of the Bradford Clay are to be sought in the middle of the Dorset 
Forest Marble, may not the lower portions, including the RhynekoneUa-lxd, 
partially represent the Great Oolite of the Cotteswolds ? Mr. Hudleston concluded 
by expressing a hope that members might secure a good bag of fossils from 
Herbyleigh, but time did not admit of this. If, he said, a boring was made at 
this spot we should, after passing through a hundred feet of Fuller's Earth, 
come upon the Inferior Oolite. 



CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. Ixvii. 

After Mr. HORACE W. MONCKTON, past President of the 
Geologists' Association, had spoken, the members and their 
friends embarked from an improvised jetty in boats provided by 
fishermen and coastguardsmen, and were ferried over the Fleet 
in them to the Chesil Beach. Here lunch was taken, after 
which Mr. W. BOWLES BARRETT read a paper on "The 
Flora of the Chesil Bank and Fleet," which will be printed in 
full. 

On the conclusion of the paper, the PRESIDENT observed that 
this was a part of the coast little known, and they had reason to 
congratulate themselves on having Mr. Bowles Barrett with 
them to tell them all that he had told. The Club held a 
meeting there 17 years ago, crossing over at a point further 
down the Fleet, and on that occasion their first President, the 
late Mr. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell, told them about the plants. 
Chara alopecuroides was called in the report of their then 
" Proceedings " Lamproihamnus alopecuroides. Mr. Barrett was 
the original discoverer of it here in 1889, and concluded that it 
must grow in the Fleet. He and Mr. Richardson accompanied 
Mr. Mansel-Pleydell when he went to the Swannery to try to 
re-discover it. They fished about for several hours and found 
absolutely nothing, except common weeds ; but at last by good 
fortune they hit upon that beautiful little foxtail Chara ; and 
then they found it growing in patches in large quantities right 
up at that end of the Fleet. He had a vivid remembrance of 
Mr. Mansel-Pleydell's extreme delight at the success which 
attended their search. 

The party then made their way towards the spot from which 
they were to cross to Herbyleigh, botanizing by the way, the 
prize falling to the lot of the Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, who 
secured a specimen of Limonium occidentale a plant which has 
not been recorded as found on the beach since 1876. 

After re-crossing the water Mr. C. E. A. GEORGE, at the 
invitation of the President, addressing the members, gave an 
account of the Fleet, and especially of the tides which rise and 
fall in it. 



Ixviii. CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

Mr. GEOEGE said that the Fleet was eight miles long, five-eighths of a mile 
wide at its widest part, by Fleet old Church, and at its narrowest, near Wyke 
Kegis, only about a hundred yards in width. That narrow part continued about 
half-a-mile, and by the Ferry Bridge it was a narrow neck. At the boathouse 
the width of the water was 250 yards. The bottom was mostly of mud, and on 
the average there would be about three feet of it. There were also gravel, rock, 
and stones. The whole of the Fleet water was salt. The amount of fresh water 
flowing in from Eodden brook and a little stream by Fleet House was so small 
that it had scarcely any appreciable effect in reducing the brininess. He was 
approached not very long ago with a proposal for enclosing certain portions of the 
Fleet with a view to obtaining gold. He had not known or imagined before that 
the Fleet water was a gold mine (laughter) but it seemed that there were 
works near Hayling Island, worked on the principle of enclosure and deposit. 
So far nothing had come of the proposal. The greatest rise of tide about that 
part would be from six inches to four feet, just at the boathouse. In rough 
weather the sea flew over the top of the Chesil Beach in big showers, and one 
could see the spray falling into the Fleet water. It was, he believed, an 
established fact that the sea at high tide in rough weather came through the 
beach and largely affected the tide. It percolated through the beach and raised 
the tide' to the extent of a foot or two feet more than the average. In the 
memorable gale of 1824 the tides were so high whether it was a tidal wave or 
not he did not know that it actually rose to old Fleet Church, although it was 
about 20 feet above the level of the Fleet water, and partially destroyed the 
church and several cottages. The nave was swept entirely away and only the 
chancel left standing. Locally it was always called, not the great storm of 1824, 
but the " outrage " certainly an expressive term. One old man who died 
recently told him that he escaped from his cottage with the greatest difficulty. 
The water was very shallow. The bottom was almost flat ; but there were a few 
holes, some 12 or 15 feet deep. Eels were very abundant in the Fleet water, and 
also occasionally gray mullet. A few years ago some oyster beds were started at 
the entrance by Lord Uchester ; but he did not think that they were now much 
used. Even in that water, in rough weather and high tides, boats found great 
difficulty in getting across the Fleet, especially the flat-bottomed boats. He had 
known cases in which they had to bale as hard as they could to keep afloat and 
to get across. As to the height of the tides, they got a week of low tide and a 
week of high tide, according to the state of the moon. In a great frost, when 
the ice broke up, the weed that stuck to it was carried out, leaving the bottom 
bare. The question was raised whether it would be possible to have a ridge of 
stones or a breakwater across the Fleet so as to prevent the water going out when 
it came in. The weed grew again, and he took it that to a great extent it 
impeded the movement of the tide, and tended to retain the water. The Fleet 
water in that part was to his mind absolutely safe for boating ; but at the lower 
part, owing to the curious holes and currents, it was none too safe, at any rate 
for cliildren. The tide rose in the Fleet when the sea in the Channel was falling, 



CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. Ixix. 

so that often it would be high tide in the Fleet and low tide in the outer sea. 
The level of the beach was about 40 feet above mean water at Liverpool. A 
most interesting experiment would be to pierce the top of the beach through the 
pebbles to see what was the thickness of the layers of pebbles before coming to 
the solid clay. 

The party then divided, one section taking the road by the 
shore below Fleet House; the other, led by Mr. Hudleston, 
went another way to see the fossil beds, their chief object being 
to locate the precise position of the Rhynchonella-\)e&. This, 
however, could not be done in the limited time at the disposal 
of the party. 

On the drive to Montevideo a halt was made to enable the 
Club to see old Fleet Church. The Rev. W. MILES BARNES 
repealed the story of the wave which ruined the church, and 
gave some account of the Mohun brasses still in the ruined 
church. 

THE MONTEVIDEO COLLECTIONS. 

The large party were most kindly received and hospitably 
entertained by the Presidenc and Mrs. Richardson. 

After the long drive and walk the excellent tea provided was 
most acceptable. 

After tea the PRESIDENT addressed the members. 

A business meeting was then held, at which three candidates 
were elected members and 13 proposed for membership. 

Then the party dispersed over the house to inspect the various 
valuable collections moths and minerals, fossils and shells, 
china and pictures, books and miscellaneous curiosities. The 
visitors were deeply interested in the type specimen of Cimolio- 
saurus Richatdsoni, the Jurassic saurian found in 1887 in a 
neighbouring brickfield in the Oxford Clay, put together at the 
cost of infinite pains by Mr. and Mrs. Richardson, and described 
by Mr. Lydekker as a new species. The reptile was inspected 
in the library, and in the same room was Steneosaurus, also from 
the Oxford Clay of Chickerell. At the end of the dining-room 



1XX. CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

hung a fine pair of horns of the Irish elk, the span of the antlers 
being no less than 12 feet. Admiration was evoked by the 
cases of butterflies and moths, all most beautifully mounted. Of 
the smaller moths Mr. Richardson has made a special study. 
The rare series of English Bibles, beginning with the first 
English Bible of 1535, were alone worth a journey to see, and 
the visitors were delighted with the exquisite service of 
Worcester china, painted and decorated by Mrs. Richardson 
with marvellous beauty and accuracy and delicacy of detail. 
Then, while the party sat in chairs on the lawn, the PRESIDENT 
gave an interesting account of the numerous, perhaps we ought 
rather to say innumerable, objects of rarity and interest which 
his home contains. The portions of his paper which are not 
already printed in the " Proceedings " are given below, but for 
further particulars with regard to Cimoliosaurus Richardsoni, the 
head of the Irish elk, and the butterflies and moths, reference 
should be made to Vol. XIX., p. 154, where the description of 
the collections is given in full on the occasion of the last visit of 
the Club to Montevideo. He said : 

For the third time I have the honour of welcoming the members of the Dorset 
Field Club to Montevideo, and I need not say how much pleasure it gives both 
Mrs. Richardson and myself to see you here to-day. The former visits were 
made on August 16th, 1888, and July 15th, 1897 ; so that this being September 
14th, 1905, those who have been present on the three occasions will have seen 
the neighbourhood at three different times of year. I propose briefly to call 
attention to some of the few " objects of interest " the house contains, without, 
however, going into scientific details. As this has been chiefly a geological 
meeting I will begin with fossils, and would mention first the large fossil 
Cimoliosaitnai Sichardsoni, which is displayed in the library on tables lying on its 
back, so as to show its large coracoid or breast bones, except that I have put a 
very few of the vertebrae the right way up to show the neural spines. It is 
figured in Volume X. of our "Proceedings" at page 171. (See also "Proceed- 
ings " XIX., 154.) In the same room is a crocodile (Steneosaiintu}, also from the 
Oxford Clay of Chickerell, showing the head, the vertebral column, and a few 
teeth and scales. Also an Oxford Clay fish from Chickerell (figured " Proceed- 
ings " XVIII., 150) (PhoMophoriis), not considered by Mr. A. Smith Wood- 
ward, F.R.S., sufficiently perfect for description, though there are two other 
fragments in the British Museum of probably the same species, mine, however, 
being the only one that contains any teeth. A spine of Astcracanthm, which 



CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. Ixxi. 

was situated in the dorsal fin of this shark-like fish, is from Lyme Regis, and 
the various vertebrae are those of different local species of saurians, named by 
Mr. Lydekker. There is also a tooth of Cimoliosaurm Portlandicus, which 
appears to be very rare, as I do not see one mentioned in the British Museum 
catalogue. There are some other local and miscellaneous fossils in boxes, but 
not properly arranged. One box contains portions of Apiocrinites rotundus, 
the pear encrinite from the Forest Marble beds we have visited to-day, and 
there are others from the Oxford Clay, Fuller's Earth, and elsewhere. Anyone 
who devoted himself seriously to it might make a large collection within a few 
miles of this house. In connection with fossils I would refer to the fine pair of 
horns of the Irish elk at the end of the dining-room (see "Proceedings" 
XIX., 156), which, measured along the horns, give a span of 12 feet and show 
16 tines. On the tables in the dining-room are spread out a selection of 
drawers of butterflies and moths from my cabinets. Out of about 2,160 
British species I possess in my collection about 1,940 (or probably more than 
20,000 specimens), which include most of those that are practically obtainable. 
(See "Proceedings" XIX., 157.) One of the smallest moths, Nepticula 
auromarginella (" Proceedings " XI., 174), has never been found outside 
the parish of Chickerell, and, as it is now a good many years since I dis- 
covered it, entomologists have had every opportunity for finding it elsewhere. 
There are several species of moths confined to Dorset, amongst them one 
described as Tinea subtilella in our "Proceedings" ("Proceedings" XII., 
161), which was discovered as a British species by Mrs. Richardson at 
Portland. I only know of one other lady who has made a similar dis- 
covery. A few insects of other orders are placed in the dining room to 
illustrate the different forms, but of these I have only a very small collection. 
Amongst other natural history objects I may allude to a collection of foreign 
shells in 44 drawers upstairs, of which I have only been able to put out one or 
two drawers, but the others can be seen by anyone who wishes. There are also 
several cabinets of minerals (including a drawer of crystals of selenite from the 
Oxford Clay here and a fine crystal of calcite from Derbyshire weighing 151b.) 
and miscellaneous articles in the same room over the drawing room, which is our 
general work room and museum. There are also two cases of stuffed birds of 
paradise of eight species from the New Guinea district. All are rare, the one 
with the long black tail (Axtrapla nigra) being especially so. Besides their 
beautiful metallic colours they have usually strange tufts of feathers, or flowing 
trains or curiously -shaped tails. These are all male birds, the females being 
comparatively dull and ordinary looking. There is another case containing a 
turkey's skeleton made by myself, an Aptenjx from New Zealand, and an 
Ornithorhynchus from Australia, in which should be noticed the spur on the hind 
leg. This spur is perforated like a viper's tooth and has a gland at the base 
which appears to secrete a poisonous fluid. To turn now from nature to art. 
You will see upstairs on the landing a case containing an interesting series of 
English Bibles, about which you will find more detailed information in the labels 



Ixxii. CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. 

and the pamphlet lying outside. The most important steps in the evolution of 
our present English Bible are six in number and are here illustrated, five of them 
by the first editions respectively of the Bibles referred to. First, we have the 
first English Bible of all, published by Miles Coverdale in 1535, which stands out 
in importance from all the rest, and on which all the others are more or less 
founded. Secondly, Thomas Matthew's Bible of 1537, the real author being John 
Rogers, the first martyr under Queen Mary. This bears on its title page the 
words " Set forth by the King's most gracious lycence," and is therefore the first 
authorised edition. Thirdly, the Great Bible of 1539, from which our Prayer 
Book Psalms are taken, they having been inserted in the first Prayer Books and 
remained without alteration. Of this I have not the first edition to show you, 
but the edition of November, 1540, which is very similar. Fourthly, the 
Genevan or Breeches Bible, which was very popular, and passed through very 
many, nearly 100, editions, large and small. Out of eight I possess I exhibit 
the first edition of 1560, a rare book, though some of the editions are compar- 
atively common. This is the first Bible divided into verses. Fifthly, the Bishop's 
Bible, first edition, 1568, and, sixthly, the present Authorised edition, of which 
I exhibit a fine copy of the first issue of 1811. I have various other early 
Bibles and Testaments, amongst which I would mention one of the earliest 
Testaments of Tindale of 1536, in another case, an interesting little 
book with wood cuts, which most of these Bibles also possess. 
There are a few early printed books from 1468 onwards, and MSS., 
including one of Isaiah of about 1225, a little book of statutes in the original 
binding, of about 1330, a beautifully-executed Book of Hours, about 1400, 
unfortunately cut down, some old deeds from the first year of Edward II., 
including a series of the pictorial ones from Charles II. to Victoria. I have 
placed labels to many of the books, &c., which give further particulars. There 
are several cabinets of china in different rooms, which contain, in most instances, 
small specimens which illustrate the different English factories existing in the 
18th century. There are specimens also illustrating a considerable number of the 
Continental factories of that period, of which many, especially German and 
Dutch ones, were very short lived. The secretaire in the corner of the dining- 
room contains, amongst other things, a set of dessert plates and some other pieces 
painted and decorated by Mrs. Richardson and there is also a vase of hers in the 
large cabinet in the same room. I mention this, as some of those present have 
kindly expressed a wish to see them. There is a good piece of Urbino majolica, 
about 1530, over the mantelpiece, and a dish by the celebrated potter Palissy in 
the large cabinet of about the same date. In the hall an interesting old inscribed 
Italian dish hangs (date about 1460) ; and a beautiful jewelled Sevres jug ; and 
some Chelsea and other china are in the drawing-room. On the landing on the 
first floor is some old English pottery which is very quaint and grotesque, com- 
prising puzzle jugs, a fuddling cup of 1743, a large Fulham jug of 1727, both with 
inscriptions, a Staffordshire "dog of Fo," a few slip ware articles (the finest 
being, however, a dish hanging in the hall), an owl jug, and other things. In the 



CHESIL BEACH AND FLEET MEETING. Ixxiii. 

room at the top of the first flight, besides books and deeds, are some Peruvian pots 
of very varied forms, often imitating natural objects, said to be pre-Spanish, a 
very finely-worked sampler of 1727, a piece of Bokhara work of the 15th or 16th 
century, with very remarkable figures and animals, the silk work of which was 
once embellished with gold thread, which has perished, but which is in colour 
and condition still beautiful. A collection of antique common pins and other 
articles, of which particulars are given on labels, are in the same room. In two 
small cabinets in the hall and the large one in the dining-room are some spiral - 
threaded stemmed and other 18th century glasses, which vary greatly in shape 
and pattern. In the garden there is, close to the greenhouse, a pomegranate in 
flower and fruit. I will not trespass further upon your limited time, but I hope 
that you will look at anything that interests you in the rooms I have indicated, 
and if Mrs. Richardson and I, or my niece, Miss Rogers, can give any further 
information about any of the exhibits, we shall be very pleased to do so to the 
best of our power. 

Lord EUSTACE CECIL, before the party left, expressed the 
warm thanks of the Club to Mr. and Mrs. Richardson for their 
kind hospitality, and paid a tribute to the President's tact and 
organising ability. He also included in the vote of thanks the 
Honorary Secretary and the Assistant Secretary, complimenting 
them upon the successful manner in which the outdoor meetings 
were organised and carried out. 

Mr. RICHARDSON and the HONORARY SECRETARY responded, 
and shortly after the visitors left for Weymouth. 



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( Bead May 9th, 1905.) 




N addressing you from the Presidential chair for the 
first time, I cannot help feeling how grateful we 
ought to be to my two predecessors' in office, 
under whose rule our Club has been gradually 
built up into its present very satisfactory 
condition. Our first President (Mr. J. C. 
Mansel-Pleydell) has entered into his rest 
after a life of usefulness and successful energy 
that we might all well try to emulate. Though we deeply 
regret the loss of our second (Lord Eustace Cecil), we have 
the great pleasure of knowing that he is still amongst us. 
Thanks to his liberality, a most important addition has been 
made to the resources of the Club in the form of two medals, 
which bear the names of our two first Presidents, and have valu- 
able prizes of 5 each attached to them. These will be offered 
for competition annually, and the first subjects are announced 
in the present programme. The number of our members is 
higher than it has ever been ; we have, thanks to our excellent 
Treasurer, Captain Elwes, money in the funds; the meetings 
organised by our Secretary have been well attended and success- 
ful ; and we have to thank our Editor for one of the best 
volumes of " Proceedings " yet issued. On the other hand, it is 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxvii. 

with great regret that I record the loss by death of some of our 
members, amongst whom I may specially mention Mr. J. K. D. 
Wingfield Digby, Mr. W. Ralph Bankes, Mr. Oliver Farrer, and 
Dr. Lush. The two first will be remembered by many of us as 
our kind and hospitable hosts, Mr. Digby on more than one 
occasion ; and those who were present at Sherborne last July will 
specially regret that he should have been for so short a time 
spared to us. Mr. Oliver Farrer frequently attended our 
meetings, and was a favourite with everyone who knew him. 
Dr. Lush was rarely able to join us, owing to the careful 
attention which he always gave to his medical duties, but was 
well known to many of us. 

The past year has been fraught with changes in the ideas of 
scientific men regarding the constitution of the things around 
them. A short time ago it had been supposed that at least the 
fundamental theories of matter were not likely to be again 
disturbed ; but both in the organic and inorganic kingdoms 
recent discoveries have led to the belief that we shall have again 
to go through processes of upheaval akin to that caused by 
Darwin's "Origin of Species" or the discovery of the electric 
telegraph. 

ZOOLOGY. 

Some years ago Mr. W. Bateson dealt the first blow to 
Darwinism by pointing out the frequency of cases of discon- 
tinuous variation and the importance of the laws enunciated by 
Mendel in 1864, in accounting for many of the phenomena 
which occur in the breeding of animals and plants, and are not 
apparently explainable by the Darwinian hypothesis. Many 
others have followed in his line of research, and at the British 
Association meeting at Cambridge last September there was 
little work done in the zoological section that did not bear 
directly or indirectly on this new or revived theory of heredity. 
There are, of course, difficulties, the first of which is clearly to 
understand the subject, the language used in its study being so 



Ixxviii. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

very technical, but it seems not improbable that out of it may, in 
time, come our next great advance in the knowledge of organic 
evolution. It seems hardly possible that natural selection can 
ever be relegated to the position of an exploded theory, but it 
may have new truths grafted upon it, arising out of the investiga- 
tions now so closely pursued. The existence of a problematical 
animal from South Africa, in the region of the Okapi, resembling 
a huge black pig, is confirmed, and it has been named 
Hylochoerus meinertzhageni. A new vole, Microtus orcadensis, has 
also been described from our own small island. Our knowledge 
of the evolution of the horse has been much increased by the 
finding of fresh remains in North America, and it has been 
shown that the age of fishes of the cod tribe, and perhaps 
others, can be deduced from the rings of growth on their scales, 
much as that of cows from the rings on their horns. It has been 
shown by breeding that in a South African butterfly (Papilio 
Dardanus) there are three distinct forms of the female, each of 
which mimics a different Danaine species. It is with great 
satisfaction that I learn that the Chartley cattle, which have 
been kept continuously in Chartley Park, Staffordshire, for about 
650 years, have been bought by the Duke of Bedford, and will 
doubtless be carefully preserved intact, though it is sad that they 
should be removed from their ancient home. That queer little 
New Zealand bird, the Apteryx, is to be protected ; and it has 
been demonstrated that terrible scourge, sleeping sickness, is 
caused by a Protozoan organism, Trypanosoma gambiense, con- 
veyed by a species of Tsetse-fly. Finally, to show how little 
new there is under the sun, it has been stated by the Governor of 
Ceylon that native medical books of the sixth century described 
67 varieties of mosquitoes and 424 kinds of malarial fever 
caused by those insects a fact which the world thought it had 
only discovered in the last few years. To show the efficacy of 
modern anti-mosquito measures, I may instance two places in 
Malay, where in 1902, after these had been carried out for a year, 
the cases diminished to about one-sixth of those in 1901. After 
three years they only amounted to about one-eighteenth. 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxix. 

BOTANY. 

In the present state of botanical science the discovery of a 
new natural order (Amphiplerygiacece) is an unwonted event. 
The species live in Mexico and Peru, and have flowers resem- 
bling those of the oak. Another important discovery of a 
different nature is the fact of parthenogenesis, or the fertili- 
sation of seed without the intervention of pollen, in the 
dandelion and some other plants. A fossil, Sequoia, allied to 
the Californian mammoth tree (Sequoia giganlea}, has been 
found in the Portland Beds of the Jurassic system, showing 
that this genus has existed with hardly any change from the 
times of the saurian. A third recent discovery is also of a 
geological nature, and reveals the fact that amongst the 
Pal&ozoic Cycado-filices, which had been believed to be entirely 
reproduced from spores, are at least two species which bear seed. 
The first discovery of this nature was made in 1872 by Mr. W. 
Carruthers, F.R.S., who is the only surviving representative of 
our first list of honorary members, printed in Vol. I. of our 
"Proceedings." 

GEOLOGY. 

It is difficult to draw a dividing line between the present and 
past tenants of our globe, and the latter are so associated 
with geology that it merges into the branches to which I have 
just been alluding. Our hon. member, Rev. Osmond Fisher, at 
the British Association meeting at Cambridge, propounded a 
new and attractive solution of the presence of the remains of 
Elephas Meridionalis in the Dewlish fissure, preserved in our 
Museum through the energy and scientific acumen of the late 
Mr. Mansel-Pleydell. He suggested that the trench was con- 
structed by human agency as a trap for these animals, which 
were used as food. In connection with this I may mention 
that the mammoth found in 1901 is now set up in the St. 
Petersburg Museum in the position in which it was found, 
trying to escape from a crevasse or quicksand. It has now 



Ixxx. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

been possible to prove, through recent discoveries, that the 
cockroaches of Palaeozoic times belong to our modern Order of 
Orthoptera. 

To turn from fossils to the rocks themselves, I may note that 
our hon. member, Mr. Jukes Browne, has completed an impor- 
tant memoir on the upper chalk ; the Royal Commission on 
coal has promised us 100,000,000,000 tons of coal, instead of 
the 90,000,000,000 estimated in 1871, though we have used 
nearly 6,000,000,000 in the interval ; the Coral Reef Committee 
has issued its report on the Funafuti boring to the depth of 
1,114^ feet; natural gas has been found at Aylesbury ; and 
the largest diamond in the world has been discovered, more 
than three times the size of any former one, and somewhat 
resembling a goose's egg in shape. 

ASTRONOMY. 

The chief astronomical events are the discovery of no less 
than three new satellites in our system a ninth (Phoebe) to 
Saturn and a sixth and seventh to Jupiter the motion of 
Phoebe being retrograde. Besides these, 32 new asteroids were 
observed in 1904, bringing up their number to 553. Certain 
changes upon the moon's surface have been noticed, which lead 
to the belief that our satellite is still in what may be termed a 
living state, and is perhaps not yet so entirely destitute of 
moisture as has been supposed, some appearances being 
attributed to hoar frost. A repulsive force of more than 
1 8 times the strength of gravity is necessary to account for the 
tails of comets, and light pressure has been suggested as the 
cause. 

SEISMOLOGY. 

To return to the earth, our Indian Empire has just been 
visited by a terrible earthquake of unprecedented severity, 
causing great destruction of life and property. Whilst it can 
scarcely be said that seismologists have yet determined with 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxxi. 

certainty the cause of these phenomena, the science of their 
observation has made great progress, so that this earthquake 
was recorded at Edinburgh, Paris, and Gottingen. Observa- 
tions tend to show that the earth's axis is displaced by the 
greater earthquakes to an average extent of "00275 of a second 
of arc, which somewhat interferes with astronomical calculations 
of its position at any past or future epoch for geological or 
archaeological purposes. 

METEOROLOGY. 

Our knowledge of the upper strata of our atmosphere is 
undergoing very important modifications through experiments 
with kites, which are sometimes attached to steamers, and have 
been raised to a height of about 3^ miles, and also through the 
observation of the higher clouds. It is found that at great 
heights there exists over the equatorial regions a permanent 
easterly wind of high velocity ; that the accepted theory of a 
vertical circulation of the atmosphere between the tropics and 
the poles must be abandoned, together with other conclusions. 
It is hoped that from a better understanding of these matters, 
together with such aids as wireless telegraphy, it may be possible 
to produce more reliable forecasts of weather at no distant date, 
but the subject is complicated with many difficulties. It is 
interesting to note that, in spite of their great height and of the 
absence, I presume, of any protection by conductors, the first 
recorded instance of a pyramid having been struck by lightning 
only took place on March 3ist, when several of the immense 
stones near the top of the second pyramid of Ghizeh were 
dislodged. It is much to be regretted that the Ben Nevis 
Observatory has had to be closed for financial reasons, though 
it had done much valuable work. 

ELECTRICITY. 

Electrical science continues to make great strides, and it is 
now possible to send photographs by electricity, though the time 



Ixxxii. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

of half-an-hour at present required to send a half-plate photo- 
graph 500 miles is too great for practical use. This is effected 
by a ray of light passing through the photographic film and 
impinging on a selenium cell, in which the resistance varies 
according to the light intensity. Wireless telegraphy has been 
much used in the Russo-Japanese War, and messages have been 
conveyed over a distance of 2,500 miles. A very important 
modification has lately been discovered by which the message 
can be sent in one direction only, thus greatly diminishing the 
danger of its being read in unwished-for quarters. Wireless 
telegraphy is now under Government control in this country. 



CHEMISTRY. 

In chemistry the progress of organic synthesis continues, so 
that we now have 200 or 300 organic products, which can be 
built up synthetically by the chemist, though nothing approach- 
ing a living cell has yet been made. That wonderful substance, 
radium, with its emanation and various rays, occupies much 
attention, and perplexes scientific men, some of whom incline 
to the idea that the elementary substances themselves are 
unstable, and may verify the dream of the alchemist by mutual 
change ; and that the ultimate atoms of matter, so long 
considered indivisible and indestructible, are merely various 
forms of electric energy. After this it seems feeble to speak 
of the discovery of three new elements in the past year, 
berzelium, carolinium, and "new" thorium. Who could have 
thought that the twentieth century would have begun by 
upsetting so many long-established fundamental ideas ? A 
metal, suitably named Tantalum, which has been known to 
exist for more than 100 years, has only recently been prepared 
in a pure form, and bids fair to become of great importance, 
both for electric lighting and in other ways. Though extremely 
ductile, it is so hard as to be scarcely affected even by the 
diamond, which opens out a vista of immense possibilities. 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxxiii. 

GEOGRAPHY. 

In geography the greatest event has been the return of the 
National Antarctic Expedition, under Captain Scott, which, 
besides geographical knowledge, has brought back the most 
important series of meteorological, magnetic, and other obser- 
vations ever obtained from these regions. Much valuable work 
has also been accomplished there by the Scotch, Swedish, and 
German Expeditions. A central plateau of 8,000 feet or more 
covers a portion of the Antarctic continent, and over this 
Captain Scott sledged for a week under great difficulties, 
passing the line where the compass points south, instead of 
north. The Thibet Mission has penetrated to the heart of 
that mysterious country, which so few Europeans have ever 
entered, and added much to our knowledge of it. After an 
international controversy of more than half a century, the name 
and identity of Mount Everest, the world's highest peak, have 
been settled by fresh Indian surveys, and its original discoverer, 
Sir Andrew Waugh, has been proved to be correct in his conclu- 
sions. A great engineering feat has been successfully carried 
out in the piercing of the Simplon Tunnel, 12^ miles long, on 
February 24th last. It was begun in August, 1888, and reaches 
a depth of i mile below the surface, about a mile being the 
lowest depth at which man has ever been before. 

ARCHEOLOGY. 

The most impressive, and perhaps the most important, 
archaeological find during the past year has been that of the 
Egyptian tomb of Yua and Thua, the father and mother of Queen 
Teie, wife of Amenhotep II. of the eighteenth dynasty, which 
has been undisturbed since that period, and has yielded a rich 
collection, including a chariot and chairs, vases and boxes, 
mostly covered with gold and painted decoration. Another 
find, this time at Karnak, consisted of about 450 statues from 
the third to the twenty-sixth dynasty. The entomology of 



Ixxxiv. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

scarabs has been investigated, showing five genera of beetles, 
and our hon. member, Mr. R. Lydekker, F.R.S., has also 
brought natural history to bear on archaeology by identifying 
the animals in Egyptian sculptures and paintings. Interesting 
excavations continue to be carried on in Crete, Denmark, 
Glastonbury, and elsewhere, and are about to be commenced at 
Herculaneum. 

THE MIGRATION OF INSECTS. HEMIPTERA. 

An incident which I had the good fortune to witness has 
suggested to me that I should say a few words about the habit 
of insects of occasionally moving in large numbers, as if actuated 
by a common impulse which is generally termed migration ; but 
perhaps this word, in its usual sense, hardly covers all the 
observed phenomena of this nature. I describe the incident 
at some length, as, though there are many records of similar 
cases in other species of insects, it is rarely that the whole 
movement comes under observation, generally only the fact that 
a swarm of the insects was seen ; and even here I regret to say 
that the migration could not be followed out to its ending. On 
September 2 6th, 1904, Mrs. Richardson was standing by a small 
pond in one of our fields at about 1 1 a.m., when she noticed 
that there was something unusual going on amongst its 
inhabitants, and called me to see it. The pond is a shallow 
one, never dry, like many of these field ponds, about seven or 
eight yards in diameter, and there is a similar slightly larger one 
on the other side of the hedge. It is a good deal shaded by 
trees, and the approach to it is soft mud. Numbers of water- 
boatmen (Corixa Geoffroyi, Leach), were coming up out of the 
water to the edge of the pond, parts of the shore being often 
lined with a rank two or three deep. They mostly remained for 
a short time in the water, on the surface, within an inch or two 
of the shore, and as soon as the sun came out, which it did at 
frequent intervals, they began to fly away. They generally took 
one or two turns in the air before they finally departed, and at 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxxv. 

times it looked as if a swarm of bees was flying about above the 
part where they were congregated, their flight being not unlike 
that of bees, but rather slower. They finally flew off, rising to 
a considerable height in the air, all in an easterly direction 
towards the Weymouth Backwater, about ij mile distant, but 
whether that was their destination (it is brackish water) or not it 
is impossible to say. Many of them were not successful in their 
first start, but landed a few inches off in the mud, whence they 
found it difficult to rise, and mostly crawled back to the pond to 
make a fresh attempt. They could, however, rise from the 
ground just as well as the water, but were incommoded by the 
soft mud. The number that left the pond must have been very 
large, for the exodus lasted for certainly two hours, and probably 
longer; it had quite ceased by 2.30 p.m., and I estimated the 
rate of departure as being often as many as from one to two 
hundred in a minute when the sun shone brightly. Some 
thousands must have left the pond altogether, far more than I 
should have imagined it contained. A great many fell a prey to 
the starlings which were hawking about in an unusual manner in 
considerable numbers at a little distance in the line of flight of 
the insects, and some were eaten by fowls on the shore. More 
would have been destroyed in this way but that the fowls sank 
in the mud and did not dare to go quite close to the edge. A 
few (perhaps twenty or thirty) large water beetles (Acilius 
Sulcatus, Linn.), came to the edge of the water and sat on 
sticks, &c., which projected above its surface, and some crawled 
up the mud, but we only saw four actually fly away, so that the 
migratory impulse did not seem to be so strong upon them as on 
the boatmen. I did not see any other insects migrating unless 
it were one or two small beetles, but I am not sure about 
these. 






Nothing unusual appeared to be going on in the adjacent 
ond to the west, which is generally well populated and also a 
permanent pond. There was hardly any wind, none at all 
being perceptible on the pond, but what there was came from 



Ixxxvi. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

the west, and it was rather a warm day for the season. Under 
ordinary circumstances one sees a few of the water-boatmen 
occasionally in the pond, but they never seem to be particularly 
numerous. 

No further migration from this pond was observed until 
October i ith, when, between eleven and twelve in the morning, 
the day being warm and sunny, another smaller species of water- 
boatman (Corixa Fabricii, Fieb.), was seen to be migrating in 
considerable numbers, though not to the same extent as the 
larger species in September. They continued until about 
2 p.m., when the flight ceased. They did not swim to the 
edge of the pond like Corixa Geoffroyi, but seemed to rise 
straight from the bottom and fly up from the surface of the 
water. They then circled round higher and higher until they 
were lost among the branches of the surrounding trees, but 
some, after taking a turn or two over the water, flew straight 
away down the field in an easterly direction, the same as that 
taken by the larger species. Whilst the flight was going on a 
few of them paddled about on the surface in a sort of dance, 
but these did not seem to fly away like those which came up 
straight from the bottom of the pond. No migration of any 
sort was going on in other ponds in adjacent fields. These 
water-boatmen, like the rest of the winged Hemiptera, only 
acquire wings in the last stage of their development, and the 
probability is, therefore, that they were all bred in the pond 
from which they migrated. It may be that they had only lately 
passed the stage which corresponds to the pupa stage of a 
butterfly, and that the recent acquisition of wings had something 
to do with the strong impulse that had come over them to use 
them. These insects are carnivorous, and it might well be that 
they had cleared the pond of most of the suitable food, and 
were driven by hunger to make their escape as soon as they had 
acquired the means of doing so in the shape of wings. This 
also furnishes an explanation of the two distinct migrations at 
different times of the two different species, as it is likely that all 






PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxxvii. 

the individuals of the same species would acquire wings at about 
the same date, and then fly on the first suitable day, whilst the 
others might all attain their imago state at the later date. 

I have always understood that these small ponds were believed 
to be stocked with water-beetles (and I suppose any other 
winged water insects such as water-boatmen) by immigrants 
flying from other pieces of water, but I have not come across 
any account of a migration such as the present one, though it 
must surely be of not infrequent occurrence, and likely to be 
observed by those who keep their eyes open for such things. It 
is not even mentioned by Mr. Tutt, whose valuable papers on 
"The Migration and Dispersal of Insects" (Entomologist's 
Record, Vols. X., XL, XII., XIII.), have brought together an 
immense number of observed instances in the case of many 
species, and to whom any writer on the subject must be greatly 
indebted. 

The only other insects in this order which appear to be known 
as migrants are the cuckoo-spits, of which one case of migration 
is recorded, and the Aphides or plant-lice, more familiar to many 
under the name of green-fly. Of these migrations there are two 
totally distinct sorts. In the first, which is, I believe, confined 
to certain species, there is a regular annual movement from one 
species of plant to another, caused by the dying away of the first 
kind of plant and the necessity of seeking fresh food. Lichten- 
stein has traced, amongst others, this migration in the hop Aphis 
(Phorodon humuh\ which feeds on the hop plant whilst it is 
green, but in the autumn, when the hop plant dies back, it 
migrates to plum trees (Prunus sp.), on which it remains until 
the hop is again fit for its reception. Parthenogenetic viviparous 
reproduction takes place on both plants, but eggs, which survive 
the winter, are laid only on the Prunus. Many of these species 
which migrate in this manner have been known for long and 
supposed to be distinct species, attached to two distinct 
plants. 



Ixxxviii. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

The second form of migration of Aphides is much more 
generally known, and is probably familiar to many of the 
members of our Club. The most abundant form of, at all 
events, some of the commoner species of Aphis, is a wingless 
one, and the rate at which these insects increase is something 
extraordinary, even for insects. But under certain circumstances, 
notably a continued drought or lack of green food, winged forms 
are developed, and at times these give rise to clouds of the 
insects flying in the air in countless millions. Such swarms are 
not uncommon, but I am not aware that any definite destination 
has ever been proved to exist for them. They, and also, I think, 
many other dark and misty states of the air with which they have 
no connection, go by the common name of a " blight." When 
I have seen these swarms, they have appeared to me to be rather 
hovering aimlessly in the air than pursuing any definite course, 
but there are many records of enormous masses of their dead 
bodies being found on sea coasts, carried there, I believe, by the 
wind, and not by their own desires. Gilbert White gives an 
account of a swarm at Selborne on August ist, 1785, which 
covered everything with a black coating. And there is a record 
of a mile of beach between Bournemouth and Poole being 
covered with a green line of Aphis bodies at high-water mark. 
There are also records of these swarms being accompanied by 
species of Coccinella or ladybirds, which devour them, and of 
flies of the family Syrphidce, the larvae of which prey upon 
Aphides, the eggs being laid on leaves tenanted by colonies of 
them. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Though, fortunately, in this favoured country we rarely see 
even isolated individuals, and never suffer from their attacks, 
yet both in the Old and New World the migratory insects most 
dreaded by and most injurious to man are certain species of the 
locust tribe. The migrations and depredations of these insects 
have been the constant theme of writers, and a volume might be 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Ixxxix. 

filled with their accounts of them. The earliest record of their 
ravages as one of the plagues of Egypt shows how much they 
were dreaded at that remote time, and also brings forward one 
or two points in their habits which still specially characterise 
them. One is that they often travel for very considerable 
distances before settling down anywhere, and, therefore, come 
suddenly without notice. Another is that they are much under 
the influence of the wind, and are liable to be carried along by 
it and perish in the sea, if it should take them in that direction, 
much as the swarms of Aphides seen on the Poole coast. 

Pliny and other ancient authors speak of the swarms of 
locusts, and the records increase immensely in number as we 
approach our own times. Their habits have been most carefully 
investigated in Algeria and North America. As we shall see a 
little later on with regard to the Lepidoptera, some locusts have 
the remarkable habit of migrating, not only in the perfect state, 
when they are furnished with wings, but their larvae, which 
resemble the imagines except in being destitute of these organs 
(just like our ordinary grasshoppers), undertake most extensive 
migrations upon their own account. These have been watched 
in Algeria, and it is found that with regard to the species 
Schistocerca peregrina the larvas continue the migratory movement 
started by their parents, which generally come in vast swarms 
from the south, flying by day, and laying their eggs in a suitable 
locality. The larvae move onwards slowly at first, devouring as 
they go, and when about 35 days old, and nearly ready to assume 
the perfect state, cover as much as three miles in the course of a 
day, and may travel altogether 25 miles or more from the place 
where they were hatched. After they have acquired their wings 
they continue to eat with still greater voracity, and after a time, 
when food becomes scarce, start on a fresh migration which 
generally takes place southwards. 

From other accounts it would seem that locusts are not 
usually so regular in their habits, but are much more uncertain 



xc, 

in their appearance. One of these plagues, in 1784, in Sooth 
Africa, is said to hare been so extensive that an area of 
2,000 square miles was covered with the locusts, which destroyed 
everything green. A north-west wind drove them into the sea, 
where they formed a bank three or four feet high along 50 miles 
of the shore. Immense numbers of people have perished in 
similar visitations at different times, both from the famines 
caused by the ravages of the locusts and also from pestilences 
generated by their dead bodies, when accumulated in the 
manner described above, 

Africa is, par exedknce, the home of the locusts of the Old 
World, bttt they have at times caused great devastation in parts 
of Asia, from Arabia to China, India is sometimes visited by 
enormous flights of these insects, as in 187$, when the Madras 
Presidency suffered greatly from the attacks of the same species 
as that specially observed in Algeria, In Europe locusts seem 
occasionally to migrate northwards in great numbers, and 
spread over many countries, stragglers sometimes reaching our 
own shores. In A,, 591 and 1478 Italy is recorded as having 
suffered greatly, Russia in 1650, Spain in 1841 ; bttt the fact that 
they become much more frequent, as records are better kept, 
suggests that these are but a few out of many such plagues in 
earlier times. In North America, where entomology is much 
better looked after by the State than in most countries, it would 
seem that serious attacks occur on an average about once in 
eleven years, depending upon the specially favourable conditions 
of the season for the production of large numbers of the perfect 
insects. Very extensive reports have been published on the 
subject in the year 1878 and subsequently. The chief species 
concerned is Melanoplu$ fprelut, the Rocky Mountain locust, 
which migrates from Montana towards the south and south-east, 
sometimes in immense and most destructive swarms. These 
locusts have been known to travel as much as 2,000 miles in 
their migration, starting in July, flying like the Algerian 
Schiffacma peregrina during the daytime only. It seems 



WIESIDEKT' ADDRMfi. 

probable, but i* hardly so well established, that return 
migrations take place in the spring of the progeny of the 
swarm of the previous summer. They are much influenced in 
their speed by the wind, and sometimes fly at a great height. 

With regard to the perishing of the swarms of locusts in the 
sea, it is interesting to note that locusts hare been taken at sea 
at great distances from land, both singly and in numbers, so 
that the being blown out to sea is not always immediately fatal 
to them. Some of these records are as follows ; On November 
2 ist, 1811, when the ship Georgia was 200 miles from the 
Canary Islands, the nearest land, an innumerable quantity of 
locusts alighted on the vessel, and many more fell into the sea* 
This continued for an hour. On September ijth, 1*30, the 
Levant encountered a severe gale in iSdcgs, N, Lat,, the nearest 
land being 450 miles distant, and was surrounded by large 
swarms of locusts during two days, which settled in numbers 
on the ship. Two days afterwards it sailed through masses of 
them in the water, Darwin states that a large species of 
A'.ndium few on board the Beagle when the nearest point of 
land, not directly opposed to the trade'Wind, was 370 miles 
distant, and Scudder crowns the series by recording that on 
November 2nd, 1865, a ship between Bordeaux and Boston 
continued to pass through a swarm of Sthitloctrca pmgrina. far 
two days, when 1,200 miles from the nearest land. When we 
read of the falling of dust at sea in quite appreciable quantities, 
we cannot but feel that the wind, which can transport coarse 
dust and stones larger than one-thousandth part of an inch 
square for 300 miles or more, may well carry a swarm of locusts 
or butterflies or other insects, which to a certain extent support 
themselves in the air, to these distances, Darwin, in "Voyage 

the Beagle," in speaking of these falls, says ; " The dust foils 

such quantities as to dirty everything on board and to hurt 
*s eye*," and mentions the occurrence of the minute 
referred to above, also stating that dust has been known 

travel in this way 1,000 and 1,600 miles. The travelling of 



xcii. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

volcanic dust in the eruptions of Krakatoa and others is even 
more remarkable. 

NEUROPTERA. 

The migratory tendency is well developed amongst the 
Odonata or dragon flies, especially in some species, and many 
cases have come under observation. Libellula quadrimaculata, 
one of the larger British species, which is found also in many 
other parts of the N. temperate zone, is one of the most frequent 
migrants in this group. One interesting account of such a 
migration is as follows (abridged from "Nature," July ipth, 
1883) : On Sunday, June 24th, 1883, at Malmo, in Sweden, the 
dragon flies passed over for about half-an-hour in the afternoon. 
The next day, about one o'clock, they re-appeared for more 
than an hour ; but on Tuesday, the 26th, at 7.30 a.m., they 
again began in millions, and, notwithstanding the wind had 
shifted to the south during the night, they held the same course 
of S.E. by E. The streets, shipping, and every place were full 
of them. They did not fly very high, and seemed to avoid going 
into the open doors and windows, but alighted on the trees. 
The flight ended that night at 8 p.m., having been incessant for 
more than twelve hours. On the 27th they appeared again at 
noon in reduced numbers, and a few on successive days after- 
wards, the migration ceasing with the advent of hot weather. 
Other flights have been recorded off the Essex coast on 
June 23rd, 1888, in Heligoland on May 2ist and 22nd, 1889, all 
disappearing on the 26th with a change of wind to northerly, 
and on June 6th of the same year a small flight at Dover. A 
large migration of this species is said to take place yearly from 
N. to S. in the Charente Inferieure, in France. Another species 
which has the migrating habit is Libellula depressa known in 
this neighbourhood and probably elsewhere as the "horse- 
stinger," though it is, of course, destitute of any sting. A 
compact band passed over Konigsburg in June, 1852, 60 feet 
wide and about 10 feet deep, and from the details given must 
have extended for a length of 60 or 70 miles. 



PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. XC111. 

The smaller dragon flies also migrate at times. A cloud of 
some species of the genus Agrion has been observed in Suffolk 
flying inland, which cast a slight shadow over a field of four 
acres in passing. 

In La Plata immense flights of ^schtia bonariensis occur, and 
generally precede one of the violent winds which are common 
to that district, the dragon flies flying in front of the wind at 
great speed. 

Like other insects, dragon flies have been taken at great 
distances from land, e.g., on the P. and O. steamer Victoria 
when 200 miles from Keeling Island, the nearest land, and 
900 miles from Australia. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

From the general attractiveness and the interest attached to 
their transformation, no Order of insects has been so much 
studied or collected as that of the Lepidoptera, and hence it is 
amongst the butterflies and moths (excepting, perhaps, the 
locusts) that we find the records of migrations most numerous. 

To take first what is nearest and most familiar to us, we in 
England are indebted to this habit for the not infrequent 
presence among us of some of our finest and most beautiful 
species which often come to our shores, but never seem able to 
settle permanently in our midst. At our last meeting, on 
February 2ist, I exhibited a fine specimen of Deilephila livornica 
bred from an egg laid by one of these immigrants taken 'at 
Ferndale, which is in Dorset, though near Bournemouth, in 
Dr. Crallan's possession, and also shown by him at the meeting. 
The year 1904 was one which will be remembered by entomolo- 
gists as a most fruitful one in that particular species, but it may 
be assumed almost with certainty that none of the progeny have 
survived the winter, and we shall have to wait for a fresh 



xciv. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

migration before we again see this splendid hawk-moth in 
this country. Several other hawk-moths are amongst our 
regular migrants, notably Sphinx convolvuli, which must reach 
us in immense numbers, as it is often quite common locally and 
of very general distribution. A record of fifty or sixty in a 
season in one garden is not unusual, and yet there is every 
reason to believe that none of these survive the winter, though 
some may be the produce of moths which have migrated here in 
the spring. 

There are many other species of moths, besides hawk-moths, 
which must reach us in this manner, the unexpected captures of 
them taking place occasionally, sometimes singly, more often a 
few in different localities, but they never establish themselves, 
and we cannot assign their sudden appearance to any other 
cause. At the same time great caution should be used in 
distinguishing between a true immigrant and a species which, 
from some unknown cause, is either always rare, or is very 
variable in its appearance. It must be the experience of any 
entomologist who has observed the habits of moths in nature 
that with most species, whatever may be the causes, the numbers 
met with in the same place in different years fluctuate very 
greatly, so that in some years a moth will not be observed at all, 
whilst in others it is comparatively common. Considering the 
very large number of eggs laid by most insects, there would be 
no difficulty, other things being favourable, in their multiplying 
themselves a hundredfold in one season, which would be quite 
sufficient to account for an unusual abundance without any 
migration. 

Two of our most regular visitors amongst the butterflies are 
Vanessa Cardui and Colias Edusa, better known to most of us as 
the Painted Lady and the Clouded Yellow butterflies. The 
striking and brilliantly yellow appearance of the latter in its 
flight is such that, if it is here, it cannot well help being 
observed, even by non-entomologists, which cannot be said of 
most of the moth immigrants. 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. xcv. 

I am not aware that Colias Edusa has ever been observed on 
its way here from the Continent, so that any statement as to the 
origin of our specimens must partake of the nature of a theory ; 
but we may, without much hesitation, assume that it comes from 
the South of Europe perhaps France. It is most uncertain in 
its appearance, and several years may pass with hardly a record, 
when suddenly it is seen in swarms. A few specimens will 
migrate here in May and lay eggs, from which a brood emerges 
in August, but the extreme abundance of the insect in that 
month in certain years would suggest a migration at that time 
also. In 1892 the lucerne and clover fields were alive with 
them, but the records since have been comparatively few. 

The migration of Vanessa Cardui, the Painted Lady, have 
been perhaps more followed than those of any other butterfly. 
It is well known as a migrant in Europe, and also to a certain 
extent in America and elsewhere. Like the Clouded Yellow, it 
comes to us from abroad and produces a brood in this country ; 
but it is not able generally to survive our winters and establish 
itself permanently, so that it would soon cease to be a British 
insect were it not for fresh aliens. It is a much more regular 
visitor than the Clouded Yellow, and is seen here in most 
years. 

In 1879 the migration of these species was recorded by many 
observers at a good many different places in Algiers, Spain, 
France, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, and Great Britain, so that 
its course could be more or less clearly traced. The swarm 
appears to have left Africa about the middle of April, passing 
through Spain in the latter half of the month and beginning of 
May, France towards the end of May, and spreading into 
Switzerland and North Italy by early June. By mid-June some 
of the butterflies had reached Germany and Austria, Belgium, 
and England, penetrating into Scotland. The numbers in this 
country in 1879 were unusually large, but Mr. Tutt states that in 
1880 the insect was very scarce everywhere, though in England 



xcvi. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

it seems to have been a good year for other migrants, notably 
Vanessa Antiopa, the Camberwell Beauty. I also find a note 
(E.M.M., XVII., 169), to the effect that in the New Forest the 
spring specimens in 1880 were plentiful. It would seem likely 
that many of them, at all events, had been bred in this country 
and hibernated here. 

I have alluded to the occurrence of other species of insects at 
great distances from land, and this has often happened with 
regard to Lepidoptera. From a number of instances given by 
Mr. Tutt I mention a few of the most striking. In a cyclone 
200 miles from the Cape Verde Islands, a great number of birds 
and butterflies, including many Vanessa Cardui and Hypolimnas 
misippus, came on board the ship Whinfell. Lucas records that, 
when 1,000 miles from Brazil, a number of moths of perhaps a 
dozen species came on board his ship, and there are numerous 
other records of a similar nature where several species are 
involved, which seem of a different class to those in which a 
swarm of one species only was seen. The Pleione, when 
440 miles from the nearest point of the American coast, was 
surrounded by an immense swarm of Deiopeia pulchella a weak- 
flying moth which occasionally visits this country. Hypolimnas 
misippus was seen in great numbers by Captain Ellis in May, 
1893, more than 500 miles from land in the Atlantic. Though, 
as we have seen, considerable migrations take place to our own 
shores, yet they seem to be of no importance compared with 
those that occur in other parts of the world. 

In North America large migrations take place, but apparently 
not to the same extent as in the southern half of the Continent. 
One of the most striking was noticed in Bermuda on October ist, 
1874, when a cloud was seen approaching from the north-west, 
which was discovered when it reached the shore to consist of an 
immense swarm of a small yellow butterfly, Eurema lisa, which 
must have travelled across the sea for at least 600 miles from 
America. The fishermen near the island reported that the 



PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. xcvii. 

butterflies were in such numbers that they completely covered 
their boats. It is recorded by Webster that on May i4th and 
1 5th, 1888, the shores of the St. Francis River in Arkansas 
were literally lined with butterflies of the species Apatura Ctltis, 
and that, on landing, one was surrounded immediately by a 
cloud of them. There is apparently nothing to show that these 
had not been bred upon the spot ; but this species is known as a 
migrant from other records in the Mississippi and elsewhere. 
Another great North American migrant is Eugonia Californica 
a species somewhat allied to our Painted Lady, of which there 
are records from San Francisco, from Mt. Shasta, in California, 
a mountain 14,440 feet in height, where it was met with within a 
few hundred feet of the summit, far above the snow line, flying 
in countless numbers in a south-easterly direction. From east 
to south-east seems indeed to be the most usually observed 
direction of flight of these North American migrations of 
butterflies. 

A fine species of butterfly, Danais Archippus, which has 
occasionally been taken in England and is of world-wide 
distribution, probably through its migratory habits, is one of 
the most noted North American migrants. There are many 
recorded instances to show that it has a habit of collecting 
together in enormous numbers into a small area in the autumn, 
and then migrating in a southerly or south-westerly direction. 
One account on September 23rd, 1886, from West River, Mary- 
land, states that about 7 a.m. there were an innumerable number 
of these butterflies at all heights from 100 feet upwards to 
beyond the range of vision, flying south-west in the face of a 
stiff breeze. 

There is said also to be a migration northwards in the spring 
of those that went south in the autumn after their hibernation ; 
but this would seem doubtful and improbable, and the facts in 
support of it are not nearly so numerous or weighty as those 
which prove the autumn movement. In South America it would 



XCV111. PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. 

seem as if the migrations were more frequent. Bell speaks of 
bands of butterflies (Timetus chiron) 50 yards wide, all travelling 
to the S.E. in Nicaragua, others of the migrations of species of 
Urania, large and handsome day-flying moths, in Brazil and 
Texas, Panama, and lower down at various places as far as Rio 
Janeiro. The directions seem to vary, being sometimes the 
south, west, north-west, south-east, east in fact, the direction 
seems quite uncertain. One observer, Friedrich, states that 
every year there is a great migration of newly-emerged 
specimens of two species of Urania from Vera Cruz, in Mexico; 
commencing in April and continuing for three or four weeks 
in a northerly direction along the eastern slope of the 
Cordilleras. He says that they return by the same route five 
or six weeks later in greatly reduced numbers, the females 
having laid their eggs. Should this be correct, it would follow 
that many must refrain from taking part in the migration in 
order to produce a sufficient number of moths for the corres- 
ponding migration of the next year. A similar migration to 
that on Mount Shasta is recorded from South Africa, where 
great numbers of butterflies of the species Callidryas florella and 
rhadia were observed moving steadily eastwards from the valleys 
to the highest peaks of the Maluti Mountains, in Basutoland, 
10,000 feet above the sea. 

In a few of the cases of migrations the butterflies are stated to 
be all of the male sex, but in others both sexes were present. 

There are cases on record of the migration of caterpillars in 
great numbers ; e.g., the larvae of a Noctua in Tasmania, which 
are described as deserting a ploughed-up barley field, and 
passing in a body up the road, through two gardens, and into 
a grass field. Another case is given in an American newspaper, 
the Charleston Courier, May, 1842, which states that the 
migrating caterpillars filled the railway for more than a mile, 
and that the train in passing over them made the line so slippery 
that it was unable to proceed. 



PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. XC1X. 

The well-known habit of Cnethocampa processioned and some 
allied moths, whose larvae march out to feed in long columns, 
hardly comes within our subject, though the gregarious method 
suggests some connection with a regular migration. 

COLEOPTERA. 

With regard to the migration of beetles, I may refer in the 
first place to the moving of water beetles from one pond to 
another, and I cannot help thinking, from what I saw last 
September, that considerable numbers occasionally migrate 
together, as with the water-boatmen. However, that is some- 
thing to look out for in the future. Darwin records the 
occurrence of numbers of living beetles, of both aquatic and 
land species, at a distance of 1 7 miles from the South American 
coast, and there are other records showing that beetles which 
usually live in fresh water can exist in salt. There are records 
of beetles, as of many other insects, at considerable distances 
from the land, but the subject of their migrations may occa- 
sionally become involved, owing to the fact that after a flood 
immense numbers of beetles are sometimes met with on the 
banks of the river, and some of the records of great numbers 
found together appear to be possibly due to other causes than 
migration ; such as one where the seashore below the cliff near 
Ramsgate was covered with multitudes of beetles of many 
different species, apparently blown over the top of the cliff. 

Another class consists of records of large numbers of beetles 
on the tops of mountains, where they are supposed to have been 
brought by air currents, but this explanation seems hardly 
sufficient. 

Vast numbers of cockchafers have appeared at times and 
rivalled, in the banks formed by their dead bodies, those of the 
dead locusts already referred to. In Kent and Sussex migrations 
of lady birds have been observed, and in South America large 



c. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 

migrations of various beetles. For instance, Buenos Ayres 
was visited in two consecutive springs by swarms of Harpalus 
cupripennis, which arrived at dawn for eight days in succession, 
and had to be swept away every morning from the outside of the 
houses, where they were (so it is stated) piled up to a height of 
several feet. 

DlPTERA. 

The genus Syrphus seems perhaps, amongst the Diptera or 
flies, to be that most given to migration, at all events in this 
country, and there are various records of great swarms observed 
in different places. Some of these are, no doubt, connected 
with the movements of Aphides, but others do not seem to be so 
accounted for. There are one or two records from Dorset, 
which may be interesting here, one being of a swarm of Syrphus 
pyrastri, at Bournemouth in August, 1869, and of a line of their 
dead bodies extending from Poole Harbour to Christchurch Bay 
along the seashore. Another record speaks of their abundance 
in the Bridport neighbourhood about the same time, and the 
same swarm seems to have visited Eastbourne and the Isle of 
Wight, and must have been of great magnitude. 

The assembling of flies in houses for the purpose of hiber- 
nating sometimes takes place on a large scale. In a house I 
know which stands near a farmyard, where the flies, chiefly of 
the genus Musca, are doubtless bred, vast numbers enter in this 
way and form quite a plague, which it seems hopeless to contend 
against. Everyone knows the determined manner in which gnats 
and certain other flies will follow their victims, either oneself or 
a horse or other animal, for long distances, dancing in clouds 
round them ; and this would constitute a kind of migration, for 
one can scarcely imagine that the flies would return by them- 
selves after having journeyed perhaps several miles. One of the 
most remarkable fly migrations is that of the larvae of Sciara 
militaris, in which vast numbers of these legless grubs, about 
inch long, join together by their sticky skins, so as to form a 



PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. Cl. 

mass several feet in length and an inch or two broad, which 
creeps along like a huge worm. They finally collect into a ball 
and gradually burrow into the ground, whence they appear in 
the perfect state as small black flies. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

The special interest that attaches to the Order Hymenoptera, 
consisting of the bees, ants, &c., in connection with migration 
lies in the fact that the reason for the migration is generally 
obvious to us, and not so apparently objectless as in the case of 
so many insects, To take the most well-known case of the 
common hive bee. When the hive becomes over-populated, the 
queen leaves it with a portion of her subjects and founds a new 
community at some distance, and the same thing may occur 
several times in the same season. This habit is, however, 
confined to certain species of bee, and is never, for instance, 
exercised by humble bees or wasps, in which the community 
does not continue to exist for more than one season. A 
different form of migration takes place amongst the ants, which 
would be unable to follow the example of the hive bee, owing to 
the wingless state of the workers. In the latter part of the 
summer great swarms of male and female ants issue forth from 
the nest and pervade the air at some distance from the ground, 
performing a sort of dance like gnats. All with the exception 
of a very few pairs are destroyed in various ways, and the few 
surviving females found new colonies. 

White ants or Termites, though belonging to a different order, 
Neuroptera, have much the same habits, the object of their 
migration from their native nest being the foundation of new 
communities. 

Both ants and white ants, of certain species, at times make 
organised foraging expeditions, which bear a certain resemblance 
to the migration of other insects in that they consist of hosts of 



Cll. PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. 

individuals, all moving together and actuated by a common 
impulse. In many cases, however, they doubtless eventually 
return to their nest, but while on their expedition they clear off 
everything eatable that they meet with. Some sorts will enter a 
house and perform valuable service in destroying or putting to 
flight all vermin, insect or otherwise, that it contains. 

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. 

There are numerous records of insect migration, in which 
insects of various species and of different Orders seem moved by 
a common impulse to migrate together. Besides the cases I 
have incidentally mentioned, I will only refer to one, in which 
Walker notes that, after leaving Tunis in April, 1873, he sailed 
along the Malta Channel and on to Italy for four or five days 
through many miles of sea, on which were floating " large 
brown butterflies, moths of all sizes, and dragon flies, evidently 
just dead, as they had apparently not been long in the water." 

I can hardly think that these had been merely blown out to 
sea. Butterflies and the weaker moths in a wind go, as a rule, 
right down into the herbage, and are very safe, though the 
stronger flying ones will often fly in numbers on a warm, though 
very windy, night, and appear not to be in the least incommoded 
by its violence ; at least, such is my experience in this country, 
and it would require some special and simultaneous movement, 
such as a migration, to gather together any large quantity of 
insects, which must be caught by the wind before they have 
time to hide themselves. The most extraordinary part of this, 
and of other records similar in this respect, is the extremely mixed 
character of the mass of insects, which suggests that different 
species were overcome by a migratory impulse at the same time 
and started together. As this is no isolated case, it would 
appear that migration is, sometimes at least, caused by some 
external condition which acts upon many different sorts of 
insects in the same manner and produces the same kind of 



PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. Clll. 

involuntary impulse as a bright light at night. As to what it is, 
or how it is generated, we seem to be still in the dark. The 
tendency to migration is by no means confined to insects, but 
occurs in many other classes of animals, notably birds ; but even 
amongst them the cause and object is by no means always 
obvious. In some cases, such as the locusts, the migration 
might be set down to the desire for fresh food ; but why should 
they fly to the enormous distances over which they travel, when 
they must pass plenty of good feeding places on the way ? 
Dragon-flies feed entirely on other insects, but they are not 
likely to obtain them by proceeding in dense columns. It has 
been suggested that they may migrate, because the ponds in 
which they were bred, and in which they would naturally lay 
their eggs, have dried up, and they go in search of new breeding 
waters ; but I am not aware that there is any evidence that this 
is the case, and even then it does not explain the concerted 
action of the swarm, nor have they been seen to make for water 
as their destination, as far as I know. 

The migrations of butterflies seem to be the most objectless 
of all, for it can hardly be contended that they migrate on account 
of the desire for food, as it is very little that they eat (or rather 
drink) in the perfect state, and that only a little honey from 
flowers, or water. A more probable desire on the part of the 
female butterfly would be that of finding the food plant of its 
larva for the purpose of egg-laying ; but there is no evidence to 
show that they only migrate from a district when the food plant 
is scarce, and two, at least, of the greatest migrants, Vanessa 
Cardui and Colias Edusa, feed on a variety of plants, and would 
not, therefore, be likely to suffer in this way. Besides this, some 
of the records of swarms state that they consisted entirely of 
males. 

We see that a tendency to migration exists, more or less, all 
through the animal and vegetable world (e.g., the dispersal of 
thistle down over wide areas), and that it is frequently of great 



CIV. PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. 

advantage to the species which practises it, in enlarging its 
limits and preventing close inter-breeding, which would be 
detrimental to it. Again, it is a necessary portion of the 
economy of some species, as in the swarming of the honey- 
bee. In the great majority of instances, however, we can see 
no definite advantage, and in the present state of our know- 
ledge, or, I may rather say, ignorance, of the subject, we can 
only suggest that it is perhaps a habit transmitted from ancestors 
to whom it was of some special value, the value having now, in 
a changed condition of circumstances, ceased to exist, except in 
a few isolated cases. 

It is in the power of everyone to observe these phenomena, 
and it is only by the careful observance and record of facts that 
we shall ever arrive at the true explanation of Insect Migration. 





LISCOMBE GENERAL VIEW. 




, cm6 



By the Rev. HERBERT PENTIN, M.A. ; F.S.A. Ed. 

(Read Dec. 14th, 1903.) 




T is a remarkable fact that the parish of Milton 
contains no fewer than five ecclesiastical 
buildings. The Abbey Church, S. James' 
Church, and S. Catherine's Chapel are well 
known ; but it is not generally known that the 
neighbouring parish church of Winterborne 
Whitchurch is within the borders of Milton 
parish, and that the desecrated chapel in 
the hamlet of Liscombe is also situated in a 
part of the ecclesiastical parish of Milton. 
The ancient hamlet of Liscombe (five miles from Milton 
Abbey and two miles from Chesilborne, and situated in a beauti- 
ful valley), consists, at the present time, of only one or two 
houses, the little church (" Liscombe Chapel"), and a monastic 
barn. In pre-Reformation days the hamlet was much larger, 
comprising 13 to 20 houses; but since the Reformation the 
houses have gradually become less in number. An early 
mention of Liscombe occurs in the foundation charter of 
Milton Abbey. King Athelstan gave three and a-half hides 
(between 300 and 350 acres) in Liscombe to the Abbey of 
Milton. The hamlet is also mentioned in Domesday and in the 



2 LISCOMBE. 

Customary of Milton (1318), and, according to the Inquisition 
of 1312, the chapel of Liscombe was annexed to the church of 
Milton by the gift of King Athelstan. 

After the Dissolution in 1539 the hamlet was sold to a family 
named Reeves, but the chapel became the property of Sir John 
Tregonwell, Lord of the Manor of Milton Abbey, and in 1680 
the hamlet also passed into the hands of one of his descendants, 
John Tregonwell, Esquire. But a subsequent Lord of the 
Manor of Milton (John Strachan, Esquire) sold the hamlet and 
chapel in 1755 to a yeoman, named Miller, whose descendants 
possessed it for many years. The property, however, now 
belongs to Mr. Henry Jesty, of Roke Farm, near Bere Regis. 

I. But it is the chapel of Liscombe which is especially worthy 

of attention. This little building, built principally of flint, stone, 

, and large blocks of rock chalk, is entire, and consists of chancel 

and nave, divided by a handsome Transition-Norman arch with 




CAPITAL, CHANCEL ARCH. 



LISCOMBE. 3 

massive rounded columns. It measures in all over 40 feet in 
length and about 15 feet in breadth (the chancel being over 
17 feet long and the nave more than 25 feet). The main walls 
are nearly 2 feet 6 inches thick. The east window and the two 
other chancel windows are Norman, with some later work 
inserted. In the east window the insertion work consists of a 
trefoil, composed of a quadrant on each side, with a semi-circle 
at the head. [Mr. Miles Barnes suggests that this window may 
be Transition-Norman or very early ijth century work.] 

In the last edition of " Hutchins " there is a record that " in 
the north-east corner of the chancel is a beautiful niche, eight 




HEAD OF CHANCEL ARCH. 



4 LISCOMBE. 

feet high, with a crocketed canopy" for the statue of the patron 
saint of the church. (Tradition says S. Mary the Blessed 
Virgin.) This niche has now disappeared. The ancient windows 
in the nave have perished, and the old west doorway has 
also disappeared. And the chapel of Liscombe has been 
desecrated for a long time. The nave of it is now used as a 
bakehouse (there is a large open grate, oven, and chimney in the 
centre), and the chancel is used as a log-house. A flight of 
stone stairs has been erected in the chancel, which leads to the 
bedrooms over the bakehouse and log-house. The bedrooms 
have been ceiled, and the whole interior of the little church has 
been whitewashed (including the handsome chancel arch). The 
plaster ceiling, however, is breaking down in places, and damp 
is coming through the walls. The roof of the building is of 
thatch. There are two fragments of stone pinnacles lying loose 
in the chapel, and modern windows have been inserted in the 
nave, and a modern doorway erected at the west end of the 
chapel. An ancient stone sundial has also been inserted in 
the west wall. Warne, in his Ancient Dorset, states that the 
chapel is credited with being " tenanted by a supernatural 
visitor." 

II. The house adjoining this desecrated sanctuary is also 
ancient, built chiefly of flint and stone. It contains several 
interesting windows of various dates (including a loup in the east 
wall) and an old stone sundial on its south wall. The interior 
contains a great deal of old oak work, some of which may be 
pre- Re formation. This house is now used as a labourer's 
cottage ; but there is a tradition in Milton that this house was 
formerly inhabited by the monks, who ministered ("Divina 
celebrant:") in the little church. And the building itself, from 
its position and evident antiquity, lends colour to the tradition, 
but there are marks that it became the manor farmhouse after 
the Dissolution. 

There is also a tradition that the stream which now runs 
through the hamlet was formerly larger than it is now, and that 
there were fish ponds close by, and that the monks at Liscombe 



EAST WINDOW, CHAPEL. 




1. LOOP LIGHTING STONE CIRCULAR STAIR, COTTAGE. 
2. EXTERIOR NORTH WINDOW CHANCEL, CHAPEL. 
3. EXTERIOR EAST WINDOW, CHAPEL. 



supplied their over-lord, the Abbot of Milton, with fresh water 
fish. 

III. The Liscombe monastic barn is about 100 feet long and 
30 feet broad. It is also built of flint, stone, and large blocks 
of rock chalk. There is a stone with the letters L. S. and the 
date 1638 rudely cut thereon ; but the main portion of the 
barn is of considerably earlier date than the iyth century. 
There is a modified Queen-post roof and some fine old oak 
beams. The north end of the barn has been partly pulled 
down ; and the south end, which is partly bulging, has now three 
buttresses to support it. 

It may be added that the hamlet of Liscombe is built on the 
site of a Roman Villa, and sundry Roman remains have been 
turned up at various times ( Warne's "Ancient Dorset"}. 

And another interesting point about Liscombe is that the 
Farm pays los. a year to the parish of Melcombe Bingham, to 
provide bread and wine for the Holy Communion. There is a 
tradition that a lady to whom Liscombe belonged was going in 
her coach, one Sunday, in the winter, to receive the Sacrament 
at the Abbey Church at Milton ; but, on account of a deep 
snow, she could get no further than Melcombe Bingham. So 
she made her Communion there ; and this was the occasion of 
the gift. 



af 



near 



, 1903. 



By H. St. GEORGE GRAY and CHAS. S. PRIDEAUX. 

(Read Feb. 1st, 1904.) 





rOANY indeed by far the greater number of our 
British Barrows have already, been opened, but a 
very small proportion of these have been syste- 
matically excavated. The eminent men that we 
are accustomed to associate with barrow-digging 
are Greenwell, Rolleston, Pitt-Rivers, Thurnam, 
Hoare, and Bateman. Of these Canon Greenwell 
may be considered the father of barrow-digging. 
The work of Sir R. C. Hoare and Mr. Bateman 
was unsystematic, whilst that of General Pitt-Rivers was as 
methodical and thorough as possible. 

It was on the lines of Pitt-Rivers that we turned our attention 
to these Martinstown Barrows, which, fortunately, proved not to 
have been previously excavated, although several barrows in 
sight of those under consideration both on the Ridgeway and 
elsewhere bear external appearances of having been opened. 

Every facility was offered by the owner of the land, Mr. W. E. 
Hawkins, who readily acquiesced in the carrying out of the 
work and evinced considerable interest in the progress of the 
operations. 






V\l Q3TAVA3XB 



.1 3 TAJ 











V 




1 


1 


1 
















I / 













HARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 7 

BARROW I. 

Its Situation. This barrow, like Nos. 2 and 3, is in the 
parish of Martinstown, otherwise Winterborne St. Martin, and is 
situated at a distance of 3^ miles south-west of Dorchester and 
5^ miles from the centre of Weymouth. Martinstown Church is 
6 furlongs to the north of the barrow ; the nearest point of the 
Ridgeway overlooking Weymouth is 5 furlongs due south. The 
barrow is 7!- furlongs south-west of the famous Clandown 
Barrow, nearly 12 furlongs west-by-south from the centre of 
Maiden Castle, and about i furlong to the north-west of 
Mr. Hawkins' Barn.* The central barrow on Four Barrow Hill 
is \ mile to the north-east. 

Barrow I. is about 487 feet above sea-level and 230 feet 
higher than the village of Martinstown. (The Ridgeway near is 
550 feet above sea-level, and the highest point of Maiden Castle 
about 432 feet.) 

Description before Excavation. The barrow stands in a large 
grass field, the summit being at an average height of 12 feet 
above the surrounding turf-level. It is surrounded by a ditch 
which has totally silted up except on the south-west, south, 
and south-east, as shown by the contours on the plan. The 
approximate diameter of the mound, that is from ditch to ditch, 
is 103 feet; the diameter at the point where the "old surface 
line" under the tumulus crops out is about 91 feet. (A 
depression was observable on the summit of the mound, not 
shown on the plan : Mr. Hawkins informed us that his sons, a 
few years ago, had commenced to make an excavation into the 
barrow, but evidently soon got tired of it.) 

During the operations, which extended over six working days, 
May 2znd to 2Qth, 1903, not including the time occupied in 
filling in and turfing over, the writers, in order that they might 
devote themselves entirely to the work, lived and slept in a tent 
pitched within a stone's throw of the barrow. The working 
plan was commenced on the first day; a square, 161 feet on each 

* Eweleaze Barn. 



8 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

side, was picketed off round the barrow, enclosing an area of 
about o'6 of an acre, the plan (Plate I.) being plotted to a scale 
of 144 to i, in other words 12 feet to an inch.* The contours 
of i foot vertical height show the shape of the barrow and its 
immediate surroundings within the " square." The highest 
contour, of course, comes on the summit of the barrow ; the 
lowest on the western side of the plan, showing a fall of 14 feet 
from top to lowest part in the " square." 

Excavation into the Barrow. As will be seen by the plan, a 
cutting 6 feet wide was made through the barrow, nearly on the 
line of the true north and south f ; and in the centre a cross- 
cutting was dug, to an extent of 13 feet on both sides of the 
main cutting, from the central picket. Until the completion of 
the excavation down to the undisturbed chalk (or to about that 
level) in all parts of the cutting, a pillar was left in the "centre" 
from which tape measurements could be made. This pillar, 
which is well shown in the general photographic view of the 
barrow, was afterwards removed, when no longer of service as a 
" fixed point " for measuring purposes. 

This photograph, taken from the N.N.E., Plate II., not 
only gives an excellent idea of the excavation-operations in 
progress, but also distinctly shows the internal structure of 
the barrow. A mound of almost pure mould or turf was 
first thrown over the interments, measuring about 61 feet in 
diameter, and 8 feet in height.j This was surmounted and 
entirely covered by chalk rubble (i.e., pieces of chalk mixed with 
flints and a little mould, which is clearly shown in the sectional 
diagram). Finally, turf began to form, and a certain amount of 

* The surveying instruments were kindly lent by Capt. Acland and Mr. G. J. 
Hunt. We also received help in many other ways from Dr. Colley March, 
F.S.A., the Rev. S. J. F. Kent, and Mr. W. de C. Prideaux. 

t The north point could only be included on the plan after the commencement 
of the cutting, as our prismatic compass was out of order at the beginning of the 
operations. 

\ The cairn of flints covered by this mound will be mentioned in speaking of 
the interments. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. Q 

surface mould would slowly be deposited as vegetable matter 
decayed. This turf and turf-mould were found to average about 
o'6 foot in thickness all through the cutting. The only relics 
found in this layer were two fragments of Romano-British pottery 
just under the turf, 2 and 3 on plan and section. In the chalk 
rubble, only one relic of any importance was found, viz., a flint 
scraper, at a depth of i^ foot (4 on plan and section). On the 
"old surface line" at i, but outside the bounds of the internal 
mound of mould, a large, white, flint scraper, was found. All 
the other relics were discovered in the mound of mould and 
on the old surface line on which the barrow was thrown up. 
The chief flint implements found in this mound of mould 
were : A saw, a hollow-scraper of a rare type, portion of a 
chipped celt, a well-formed scraper, a knife, a fabricator or 
flaking-tool, and an extremely fine borer. No polishing or 
grinding was observed on any of the flint implements discovered 
here. At 5 an important piece of pottery was unearthed, a 
fragment of an early Bronze Age beaker; we say "early," in 
accordance with the Hon. John Abercromby's recent papers on 
the subject.* In patches near the centre of the barrow im- 
perfectly-fired red clay was found. 

Detailed Description of the " Finds " found in the Cutting. The 
following descriptive list represents the relics found in the 
barrow, other than those connected with the interments. All 
are marked on the plan, Plate I., and are projected into the 
sectional diagram at their respective depths : 

Found outside the Mound of Mould. 

1. Large white flint scraper of horse-shoe form, with pro- 
minent bulb and good example of conchoidal fracture ; depth 
0*5 foot, on the old surface line outside mound of mould. 

2. Fragment of thin Romano-British pottery, red on outside, 
greyish-brown on inside, depth 0*3 foot in surface mould. 



* Journal Anthrop. lust., Vol. XXXII., pp. 373 396: and Proc., Soc. Antiq. 
Scot., Vol. XXXVIII., pp. 324410. 



io BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

3. Fragment of ditto, depth 0^5 foot in surface mould. 

4. Flint scraper of oval form, but only slightly worked, 
depth i '5 foot in chalk rubble. 

Found in the " Mound of Mould " and on the Old Surface Line. 

5. Fragment of thin pottery of the Early Bronze Age beaker 
type, ornamented with lines of square indentations close together ; 
light red on both sides, black in the interior ; depth 5 feet. 

6. Worked flint of no particular interest, depth 3*4 feet. 

7. Ditto ,, 3 feet. 

8. Flint flake, worked and showing indications of prolonged 
use, depth 4*2 feet. 

9. Flint saw (Plate III., No. 9), consisting of a long, narrow, 
thin flake, with fine serrations along one edge 21 teeth in a 
length of 19 mm. ; along the opposite edge is a notch, worked, 
probably used for needle-shafting. Depth 6*2 feet. 

10. Grey flint implement (Plate III., No. io), of a type which 
has sometimes been described as a hollow-scraper, and almost 
precisely similar to Evans, ist edit., p. 291, fig. 231, from the 
Yorkshire Wolds* and Pitt-Rivers, Vol. IV., Plate 3 1 1, fig. 7, from 
Martin Down Camp, South Wilts (Farnham Museum, N. Dorset). 
It is of somewhat triangular form, with sides of 40 mm., 38 mm., 
and 34 mm. respectively ; one edge is straight, another is concave, 
the third convex. One angle is rounded, the others pointed. 
One face is flat and unchipped, the other face has finely chipped 
and bevelled edges on the straight and concave side ; the convex 
edge is only slightly serrated and is bounded at about 12 mm. 
from the edge by a ridge across the implement. The cross- 
section in every direction is bi-convex. Greatest thickness 
4*5 mm. Depth from the surface, 6*7 feet. 

u. Butt end of a roughly-chipped flint celt (Plate III., 
No. n); greatest thickness 18 mm.; the end is rounded and 

* Exhibited in the Mortimer Museum at Driffield. See Catalogue, 1900, p. 59, 
fig. 37. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT AiARTINSTOWN. ii 

bevelled off from both faces ; it shows indications of little or no 
use. Depth 5'8 feet. 

12. An extremely fine flint borer (Plate III., No. 12), consist- 
ing of a flint flake with a tapering and projecting spur, so fine 
that it would serve admirably for boring the eyes of bone 
needles such as have been frequently found in the French caves. 
In this instance the two curved sweeps by which the boring part 
of the tool is formed have been chipped from the opposite faces 
of the flake, so that the cutting-edges are at opposite angles of 
the blade, which is of rhomboidal section. Such a tool is, of 
course, well adapted for boring by being turned in the hole 
continuously in one direction. The secondary chipping extends 
on both edges nearly to the base of the instrument. It is 
composed of greyish-brown translucent flint. The bulb of 
percussion is well marked on one face and exhibits a good 
example of eraillure. The very tip of the borer appears to 
have been broken off. Total length, 30 mm. ; width at base 
26 mm. ; greatest thickness 6*5 mm. Found at a depth of 
7-5 feet. 

13. Large, oval, flint scraper (Plate III., No. 13), of blackish- 
brown colour, with secondary chipping at end and on one side ; 
the bulb side presents a considerable curvature, to a depth of 
6 mm. Found at a depth of 7 feet from the surface, at top of 
the cairn of flints. 

14. Long, duckbill-shaped flint scraper, of a slaty colour, with 
a "squared" scraping-edge, and a well-defined median ridge 
running along back, giving a triangular cross -section to the 
implement. Depth 8*2 feet. 

15. Portion of an implement of yellowish-brown translucent 
flint, finely chipped on one face. Possibly the larger part of a 
fabricator (Plate III., No. 15). Depth 4 feet. 

1 6. Broken flint implement, bearing excellent examples of 
conchoidal fracture and ripple-flaking. The smooth face 
exhibits a prominent bulb of percussion. Depth 6*7 feet. 

17. Black flint scraper, with a very obtuse bevelled edge at 
upper end. Depth 7*8 feet. 



12 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

1 8. Finely curved, dark brown, flint flake, with four dorsal 
ridges, the edges slightly worked ; at one end is a small finely- 
worked recess. Depth 5*3 feet. 

19. Flint knife (Plate III., No. 19), of a somewhat long and 
narrow ovate form ; light yellowish-brown colour ; concavo- 
convex cross-section ; finely-worked, particularly along one of 
the edges, oblique dorsal ridge across the implement. Greatest 
length, 63 mm. ; greatest width, 27 mm. Depth 8'4 feet. 

20. Bluish-grey flint end-scraper, finely-worked ; of an 
elongated type ; the under-face presents an ogee curve ; the 
bevelled " business-end " is very acute ; outer coating of the 
flint covers nearly one-half of the chipped side. Depth 8'6 feet. 

21. A very roughly-chipped flint scraper, found on the old 
surface line. 

22. Flint arrow-shafter, or hollow-scraper, of a slaty colour; 
dorsal ridge lengthwise, which bifurcates near base ; the notch 
is almost semi-circular and not finely chipped. Found on the 
old surface line. 

23. Clumsy, white flint hollow-scraper, roughly chipped, 
having incurved cutting-edges on opposite sides. Found on the 
old surface line. 

24. Horseshoe-shaped flint scraper, with large prominent 
bulb on its lower face ; the bevelled edges finely chipped. It 
has been in contact with fire. Found on the old surface line. 

25. Large flint scraper, with semi-circular bevelled "business- 
end," rather roughly chipped. The base and part of one side of 
the scraper are surmounted by a raised portion of the outer 
coating of the flint from which the scraper was formed, giving 
an excellent grip for the thumb. The implement shows little 
signs of wear. Found on the old surface line. 

26. Long, narrow, light grey-coloured, flint fabricator, or 
flaking-tool (Plate III., No. 26), of almost plano-convex section 
across the middle, well formed and chipped, and having a very 
smooth surface on both faces, indicating prolonged use ; 7 1 mm. 
in length ; greatest width, 18 mm.; greatest thickness, 10 mm. 
It presents a blunted, worn, and rounded appearance at the 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 13 

edges, resulting from attrition against hard substances. Found 
i '3 foot above the old surface line. 

27. Rough flint implement, of quadrangular cross-section ; it 
appears to have been fractured subsequently to manufacture. 
Depth 7*8 feet from the surface, at the top of cairn of flints. 

Excavation into the Ditch. During the excavation of the 
cutting through the barrow the attention of the investigators 
was also turned to the ditch which apparently encircled the 
barrow. The spot chosen was at a point where the ditch was 
fairly well marked viz., in continuation of the main cutting and 
on the south, where the surface of the silting was about i foot 
lower than the level of the adjacent land. This cutting was 
also made 6 feet wide. At a depth of 0*4 foot in mould 
(29 on Plan and Section), a duckbill-shaped flint scraper was 
found, having a sharp dorsal ridge and presenting a triangular 
cross- section. The rounded "business-end," however, shows 
little indication of secondary chipping. At a lower level viz., 
o - 8 foot a worked flint flake was unearthed (30 on Plan and 
Section). Nothing else was found here but 91 flint flakes and a 
flint core.* The hard chalk floor of the fosse was reached at a 
depth of 3 '5 feet from the surface of the silting. The width at 
the top proved to be 10*4 feet, at bottom 4*5 feet. The sides of 
the ditch were slightly incurved, as shown in the sectional 
diagram. The filling consisted chiefly of mould, with about 
i foot of chalk rubble at the bottom. 

It is quite probable that the chalk obtained during the 
formation of the encircling fosse was, after the burial obsequies, 
thrown over the large mound of mould, and formed the chalk 
rubble and outer covering of the barrow. 

The condition of the sides of this somewhat shallow ditch did 
not suggest what tools were used in its formation, but, as the 
writers are of opinion that the date of the barrow should 
be assigned to a period considerably anterior to the fully- 
developed Bronze Age, the probability is that stone chisels and 

* One flint core was also found in the main cutting of barrow. 



.14 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOVN. 

mauls and deer-horn antlers * (picks) were used rather than 
bronze celts and palstaves in the process of construction. Near 
the bottom of the Angle Ditch on Handley Down, Dorset, 
General Pitt-Rivers found the chalk sides of the ditch distinctly 
scored with nearly vertical indentations, or " spud-marks," 
which he suggested might have been caused by some kind of 
spud or palstave being forced downwards. f The Angle Ditch 
was proved to be of the Bronze Age, but, judging from the 
nature of the relics discovered in it, it appears to be of 
somewhat later Bronze Age date than the barrow under con- 
sideration. 

Interments in the Barrow. The barrow, or rather that portion 
of it which was excavated probably not more than one-tenth of 
the whole structure produced two distinct interments. 

A little to the north of the centre of the main cutting, and on 
the level of the old surface line, a nearly circular ring or wall of 
large flints was discovered (indicated on the plan) ; greatest 
diameter, 6 feet. Within this enclosure, at 26, and at a level of 
i '3 foot above the old surface line, the flint fabricator, previously 
described, was found. On the north-east of this enclosure, 
jambed between two flints on the inner edge of the ring, and 
at a depth of 10-3 feet from the surface of the barrow, a bronze 
knife-dagger was discovered at the spot marked 280 on Plan and 
Section, and Plate IV. It was, unfortunately, fractured near the 
tip by the weight of the superincumbent material, and was coated 
in parts by what at once appeared to be the remains of its wooden 
sheath, in which perhaps the chief interest centres. It is of a 
somewhat highly-developed form of knife-dagger, and of a type 
not uncommonly found with interments of about the middle of 
the Bronze period. In its present state it is 5$ inches in 
length, being about 6J inches long in its original condition. It 



* See " Arbor Low Excavations " by H. St. G. Gray, Archaeologia, 
Vol. LVIIL, pt. 2, p. 469. 

t Excavations in Cranborne Chase, Vol. IV., p. 104. This reference may 
prove of value to archaeologists engaged in the re-excavation of ditches. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 1 5 

was provided with three rivets (portions of two of which remain) 
for attaching the blade to the handle, which was probably 
composed of some perishable material. The greater part of the 
blade is, unfortunately, much corroded, but those parts not so 
affected are finely patinated. It has the usual bevelled edges on 
both sides of the blade, and is ornamented by two indented 
lines running parallel to the cutting-edges. The thickness of 
the blade along the median ridge, which is not very pronounced, 
is about 6 mm. (^ inch). 

The remains of the wooden sheath of this knife-dagger are 
extremely interesting, and small portions of it still adhere to the 
corroded bronze. The rest flaked off the blade when it became 
quite dry. It was, however, closely examined at the time of its 
discovery, when it was observed that the fibre of the wood ran 
transversely and formed a broad band round the mouth of the 
sheath, whilst the fibres of the wood in the remaining parts were 
seen to be vertical. "The find" was sent without delay to 
Mr. C. H. Read, F.S.A., of the British Museum, who, after a 
careful examination, wrote : 

" There was a carefully-made mouth to the sheath, but I do 
not quite understand it, for there are no signs of a rebate 
joining the transverse portion to the vertically-fibred part." 

Through his kindness the dagger and remains of its sheath 
were sent to Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G., Royal 
Gardens, Kew, where the wood was microscopically examined 
by Mr. L. A. Boodle, who wrote the following report : 

"The wood belongs to a species of Salix (willow). The 
determination is based chiefly on: (i) The arrangement and 
.size of the vessels, the simple nature of the perforations of the 
latter, the size and shape of the bordered pits; (2) the large 
proportion of fibres in the remainder of the woody tisSue ; (3) 
the numerous medullary rays one cell in thickness, the propor- 
tional size of the two kinds of cells forming the medullary rays, 
and the nature of the pitting of the shorter of these cells. The 
wood of Populus is very similar, but the proportional size of the 
different cells of the medullary rays sufficiently distinguishes it. 



1 6 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

Bark is attached to the wood, but its structure is badly 
preserved." 

Between 280 and 2 83 (see Plan), a distance of 3 feet, a black 
burnt deposit * was observed. It was of unusually fine texture, 
and appeared to be the remains and ashes of a very complete 
cremation. This material increased in bulk as the excavation 
was extended westward from 280. To the west of 2 83 it ceased, 
and at this point, where the burnt material was most plentiful, 
three fragments of an ornamental "incense-cup" were dis- 
covered, which, on being washed, were found to belong to the 
same vessel, and to fit together. (Fig. 28$, PI. IV.) From the 
circumstances of the finding it was evident that these pieces had 
been deposited here as fragments. Other portions of the vessel 
were eagerly sought for, but without success, and only part of 
the bottom and side of the " incense-cup " were recovered. The 
rim was entirely absent, but enough remains to enable us to 
state that the diameter of the base was about 2f inches. The 
decoration on the side, consisting of a twisted cord pattern 
arranged horizontally and crosswise, is of quite a usual character; 
but the cup is of particular interest from the fact that it is 
ornamented on the base viz., by triangular punch-marks 
arranged concentrically. These marks are in the form of 
isosceles triangles, the apex being deeply indented, whilst the 
base is represented by the surface of the bottom of the cup. 
Somewhat similar indentations are seen on a Bronze Age vessel 
in the Dorset County Museum (No. 93) found in the smaller 
Clandown Barrow in i882.f Deep triangular indentations are 
also seen on an urn found in a barrow on the Ridge way Hill in 
February, 1837 (Hall Collection, Dorset County Museum). 

Near the " incense-cup," and embedded in the burnt material, 
a small flint flake with well-marked eraillure was found. On the 
northern side of the enclosure just described nodules of flint 
were very plentiful, and soon it became apparent that the 

* This has not- yet been examined by an expert microscopist. 
t Figured in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot., Vol. XXXVIII., p. 382, No. 54. 




BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 1J 

arrangement of them had some significance. (See sectional 
diagram, PI. I.) As the excavation was pushed forward in a 
N.N.W. direction, the nodules were seen to be continuous, and 
were found at a higher level as the work progressed. It was, there- 
fore, obvious that the flints represented a stone cairn, the precise 
size of which could only be ascertained approximately owing to 
its extending considerably beyond the limits of the main cutting 
on the north-west. The cutting was, however, widened to a 
certain extent at this point, and it was fortunate that this was 
done, as a most interesting interment by inhumation, undoubt- 
edly the primary interment, rewarded the excavators for the 
hard work entailed in removing the greater part of the cairn of 
flints. 

The southern corner of the grave, cut out of the solid chalk, 
was soon discovered at a distance of 10-4 feet from the central 
picket of the barrow in a northerly direction. As the western 
corner of the grave proved to be 4 feet from the edge of the 
main cutting, and although, as stated before, the cutting was 
considerably widened here, this wall or side had to be consider- 
ably " underpicked " to afford room to uncover the interment in 
a systematic manner. 

The upper edges of the oblong grave, measuring 5 '8 feet by 
37 feet, having been laid bare, great care was bestowed in 
removing the chalk rubble which filled the grave. Both above 
and below the upper edges of the grave a quantity of fragmentary 
human remains (including pieces of skull, some abnormally 
thick, in one or two cases 9 mm.) and many flint flakes were 
found mixed with the chalk rubble and the nodules of flint. 
At this stage it was found impossible to continue to preserve 
and count the flint flakes found in the barrow. The investi- 
gators, however, think it desirable to record that 1,298 flint 
flakes were counted, many of the best being preserved. 

The skull of the skeleton (Plate IV.), was discovered resting on 
the bottom of the grave on its right side and facing north-east. 
As will be seen by reference to the plan and the photograph of 
the interment (PI. V.), the skeleton was in a contracted posture, 



1 8 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

the vertebral column, however, being fairly straight. The legs 
were drawn up to very acute angles at the knees, especially in 
the case of the right leg. The depth from the surface of the 
barrow, vertically, to the bottom of the grave under the feet of 
the skeleton was 12-4 feet. Between the skull and knees the 
food-vessel, represented in PI. IV., Fig. 31, was found, with the 
left arm resting across one side of the rim and the right arm 
underneath the vessel. Although the pot was cracked by the 
weight of the superincumbent chalk and flints, it was removed 
from the grave in a fairly complete state. The handle, in which 
the chief interest centres on account of its rarity, was not lost 
during the removal of the food-vessel, but was evidently deficient 
at the time of interment. This is made clear (i) from the fact 
that the stumps of the handle did not present clean fractures, 
and (2) because, after considerable search, the missing portions 
were not discovered. 

This rare form of food-vessel is well worthy of a full descrip- 
tion. It holds 71 fluid ounces. The photograph (PI. IV., 
Fig- 3 l \ represents it at a scale of linear. The exterior 
diameter at rim averages 7^ inches (it is not quite circular) ; 
height, 4! inches ; maximum thickness of sides round rim, 
f inch. The sides are almost vertical from the rim to 2 inches 
below it, from which point to the base the vessel gradually 
lessens in diameter, being 4^ inches at the bottom. 

With regard to the decoration, the pot is divided into three 
sections horizontally, each section being separated by a pair of 
continuous lines of oblong punch-marks conjoined. These 
lines are very irregular and broken in places, and average J inch 
apart. Each of the two upper sections is ornamented by three 
rows of lozenge-shaped punch-marks. The lines are closer 
together in the upper section, and individually the indentations 
are closer together than in the section below. The length of 
the lozenges averages 8*5 mm., and the width 5^5 mm. The 
lower section is undecorated. The small remaining portion of 
the handle bears distinct traces of having been ornamented in 
the same manner as the body of the vessel. The top of the 



fcARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 1 9 

handle is inch from the rim, the total height of the handle 
being zf inches. The colour of the vessel is a light reddish- 
brown ; it consists of clay, apparently without any grains of 
quartz or other material, and, therefore, is an example of the 
" No. 2 British Pottery " of Pitt-Rivers. 




\<&<&O4 r . 



A food-vessel very closely resembling that under consideration 
and especially with regard to its form was found in a barrow 
at Frome Whitfield, in which three human skeletons, &c., 
were also found (Dorset County Museum, No. Cioi). This 
food-vessel is ornamented with two bands of roughly-incised 
horizontal lines, between which are similar incised lines 
arranged in chevrons. Another one-handled food-vessel, about 
2-J inches in height, was found in 1895 by Mr. J. C. Mansel- 
Pleydell in a barrow at Bagber, near Milton Abbas (Dorset 
County Museum, No. C52). One, apparently very small, from 
Dorset is figured by Jewitt.* Another of this type, ^\ inches in 
height and 4 inches in diameter at mouth, was found before 
1868 in the Isle of Portland, with " the handle, or ear, at one 
side, precisely resembling that of the modern teacup." f 

* Grave Mounds, p. 106, Fig. 120. 
t Archaeological Journal, Vol. XXV., p. 49, Fig. 5. 



20 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

This type of vessel was classed under the head of " Culinary 
Pottery" by Dr. John Thurnam in his famous paper on "Ancient 
British Barrows " in the forty-third volume of " Archaeologia." 
He describes pots belonging to this type as being " plain, semi- 
globular vessels, with bowed handles (one handle), holding 
about a pint, resembling the common vessels known as pipkins." 
He figures one in PI. 29, Fig. 10, from a barrow at Collingburn 
Ducis (Devizes Museum). A one-handled vessel, with four feet, 
was found by Sir R. Colt Hoare in a barrow at Woodyates.* 
With regard to these examples, Thurnam says: "Both were with 
unburnt bodies and seem to have taken the place of more 
befitting drinking-cups or food-vessels." f 

The same applies to the somewhat larger pipkin found by the 
Rev. J. H. Austen in a barrow on Ballard Down, near Ulwell, in 
the Isle of Purbeck, 1856 or 1857. 

Amongst the small handled cups must be mentioned one from 
Wereham, Norfolk, 4 inches high, and now in the Cambridge 
Museum. The British Museum possesses a handled cup from 
Denzell, Cornwall ; height, 3! inches. J A one-handled cup, 
5f inches high, of quite a different type to our Martinstown 
specimen, was found in a cist at Balmuick, near Comrie, 
Perthshire, and is in the possession of Colonel Williamson, of 
Lawers. 

The Dorset County Museum (No. C&4) also contains another 
interesting one-handled vessel of the Bronze Age, found with 
a human skeleton in a circular cist 3 feet in diameter, and 
3i feet from the surface, at Wynford Eagle. || It is of tankard 
shape, about 5f inches in height, with perfectly vertical sides, 
and with one bowed handle projecting from the middle of the 
side. A series of pottery vessels with single and double handles 
from German barrows is exhibited in the British Museum. 

* Ancient Wiltshire, Vol. I., p. 237, PI. 33, Fig. 2. 
t Purbeck Papers, I., 159, Fig. 2. Warne's Celtic Tumuli, III., 71. 

J Figured in The Connoisseur, Vol. IX., p. 186. 

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scotland, XVIII., 307, and Anderson's Scotland in Pagan 
Times (Bronze and Stone Ages), Fig. 97. 

|| Warne's Celtic Tumuli, p. 36. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTlNSTOWN. it 

Beakers, or drinking-cups, with one handle, are also extremely 
rare. A fine example of this type was found at March 
(Cambs.) l ; another at Pickering (North Riding of Yorks) l ; 
and another at Appledore (Berks) 2 , in 1828. A one-handled 
drinking-vessel, height 7^ inches, was found by Canon Green- 
well at Goodmanham, E. Riding, Yorks a . Another comes from 
Denton, near Grantham 4 ; and another was found at Brixworth 
in 1890 5 . 

Incense-cups, too, in very exceptional cases are provided with 
handles. Perhaps the two best known examples are those from 
Darley Dale (Derbyshire) 6 , and Bagnalstown (Carlow) 7 . 
Another, which originally had four handles, was found at 
Badbury (Dorset) 8 . , 

On the east side of the grave the solid chalk had been cut 
away to form a slight ledge or shelf, shown in the plan. On 
this ledge, which was sloped off towards the bottom of the 
grave, the osteological remains of three infants were found, 
indicated by a star in the plan and a section, and, between them 
and the contracted human skeleton and handled food-vessel, a 
smaller food-vessel, no doubt connected with the burial of the 
infants, was found, and was removed entire. It holds y fluid 
ounces. The photograph (Plate IV., Fig. 32), represents it 
f linear; it is s^in. high; exterior diameter at rim 3 Jin. ; 
diameter at base 2in. ; thickness at rim i^in. ; thickness at base 
in. It is of a light reddish-brown colour, and corresponds to 
the No. 2 quality of British pottery of Pitt-Rivers, without any 

1 Figured in The Connoisseur, Vol. IX., p. 185. Now in the Ely Museum. 

2 Archaeologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 397. 

3 British Barrows, Fig. 86, p. 99. Now in the British Museum. 
4 Figured in The Connoisseur, Vol. VIII., p. 250. 

5 Figured in The Connoisseur, Vol. IX., p. 186. Now in Northampton 
Museum. 

6 Archaeologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 358; The Reliquary, IV., 205, PI. XXII.; 
Grave Mounds, p. 107, Fig. 68. This example was found with a cinerary urn. 
Jewitt in Grave Mounds gives another (Fig. 70) without locality. 

7 Archaeologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 365. 
8 Arch. Journal, Vol. III., p. 351. 



22 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

quartz grains in its composition. The surface of this food- 
vessel, which is very uneven, has no ornamentation. The west, 
south-west, south, and south-east walls of the grave presented a 
smooth face of solid chalk. The sides of the grave in the other 
parts appear to have been built up with large slabs of chalk. 

The skeleton proved to be male, and two views of the skull, 
viz., norma later alis and norma fadalis, are figured in Plate IV., 
Fig. 33, at a scale of J linear. These human remains, being of 
considerable importance from a racial point of view, were 
submitted to Dr. J. G. Garson, Assist. Genl. Sec. of the British 
Association, and through his kindness we are able to add a 
valuable Appendix to this paper. 

Further excavations are the only means of determining 
whether the barrow contains any other primary interments in 
clean-cut graves in the chalk. Tt will be observed on reference 
to the plan that the secondary interment by cremation, "286" 
(with bronze knife-dagger at " 28A"), is in a far more central 
position in the barrow than the primary interment by 
inhumation. 

It seems to the investigators quite probable although there 
is nothing to afford proof that a cairn of flints was thrown over 
the primary interment and covered, perhaps, by a little mould or 
turf, and that subsequently (probably at no great interval of 
time) to the secondary interment by cremation being deposited 
on the "old surface line" a larger mound was formed, this 
latter interment being regarded as approximately in the centre 
of the barrow. 

It might be recorded here that bronze knives and daggers are 
more frequently found with burnt bodies than with unburnt 
ones. Out of 60 recorded by Thurnam from Wiltshire Barrows, 
1 6 only were found with skeletons, whilst 44. were associated 
with cremated remains.* 

At the conclusion of the operations in May, 1903, the large 
cutting through Barrow i was filled in and re-turfed. 

* Archceologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 442. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 23 

EXCAVATION OF BARROWS ^ AND 3. 

The excavations at Martinstown were resumed on September 
3rd, 1903, and continued for seven working days till September 
nth. On this occasion the camp was pitched about a furlong 
due south of Mr. Hawkins' barn. The spot selected was itself 
possibly a Bronze Age burial-ground ; the tents were erected in 
a circular depression which at a first glance might be taken for 
the site of a formerly-existing pond. We failed to find any 
evidence of its having been lined with clay. The depression is 
encompassed by a bank measuring 76 feet in diameter and about 
3 feet above the surrounding field, the crest of the bank being 
about 4^ feet above the centre of the shallow, basin-shaped 
depression. The crow-bar was brought into requisition here, 
and was found to strike hard substance, probably flints, within a 
few inches of the surface. We believe that these depressions 
have been very infrequently observed by archaeologists else- 
where, although we are unable to say whether any have been 
excavated. 

BARROW 2. 

Barrow 2 is marked on the Ordnance Sheets, and is situated 
in an arable field at a distance of i mile to the S.S.E. of 
Barrow i and only a few feet from the western hedge of the 
field. Its elevation on the surface was very slight not more 
than a foot for which the plough, of course, is responsible. In 
a few years' time all trace of it would have disappeared ; and it 
was for this particular reason that we turned our attention to it. 
Being so flattened, it was thought unnecessary to make any sort 
of plan of the site. 

We started here, in the usual way, by digging a narrow trench 
north and south, and had only proceeded about a foot below the 
surface, and the same distance from the end of the trench, when 
we came on the edge of a grave hewn out of the solid chalk. 
This edge was traced all round, and in so doing a large quantity 
of nodular flints, mixed with chalk rubble, was removed, 



24 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTlNSTOWN. 

together with numerous human bones, as well as some burnt 
bones. The unburnt remains included several nearly entire 
femora, tibiae, and humeri. This cairn of flints and its 
accompanying human remains resembled those found in 
Barrows i and 3. These flints, which were reached at a depth 
of 6 inches from the surface, were found to extend within a few 
inches of the bottom of the grave. Amongst them one flint 
scraper (Plate VI., top right-hand corner), and a few flint flakes 
were found ; also 15 fragments of pottery of the No. ^ quality of 
British, including ten small fragments (some ornamented with 
finger-nail marks) which appeared to belong to one vessel, and 
a piece of rim decorated externally and internally by lines of 
twisted-cord pattern (Plate VI., at top). A. somewhat similar 
fragment of rim was found in Barrow 26, Handley Down.* 

A continuation of the excavation here resulted in the 
uncovering of a contracted human skeleton, lying on its right 
side, at the bottom of a grave cut in the hard chalk. The 
following are the dimensions of the grave : 

Depth from summit of barrow, 3*7 feet. 

Depth in the solid chalk, 2*2 feet. 

Length of grave at top, 7-6 feet. 

Do. bottom, 6'7 feet. 

Greatest width at top, 5 feet. 

Do. bottom, 3*7 feet. 

The grave more or less squared at feet-end, rounded at 
head-end. 

Skull, i -7 feet from S.E. end of grave. 

Fairly flat bottom to grave. 

Slight ledge on N.E. side, on which a few fragments of 
the pottery were found. 

Smooth chalk walls on all sides except the S.W. 
The skeleton was found to be contracted in the general 
direction of E. 46 S. It lay rather nearer the N.E. side of the 
grave than the S.W. side, and the skull was at a distance of 

* Excavations in Cranborne Chase, Vol. IV., Plate 294, Fig. 2. 






BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 25 

Z2 feet from the hedge of the field to the west. The skull, 
facing north, was much damaged, and the skeleton was not in a 
good state of preservation. The measurement from top of skull 
to tip of toes was 3*9 feet, and the width from right patella to 
back of pelvis 2*1 feet. The knees were drawn up at a very 
acute angle. The left hand rested on the right forearm ; the 
right hand below right side of ilium. The epiphyses of the 
bones were not attached, the age being about 19 years; 
probably male. The approximate length of the right femur 
was taken as 1*475 feet, and the right tibia 1*2 feet, giving an 
estimated stature, according to Rollet's method, of 5ft. 5'2in. 

No relics were found with this skeleton, and being so young 
and much fractured, and therefore useless for scientific purposes, 
the remains were carefully covered up, a leaden plate being 
deposited with it bearing the date of excavation and the names 
of the explorers. 

BARROW 3. 

Its Sittiation and Size. Barrow 3 is in the same arable field 
as Barrow 2, a lane connecting the Ridgeway with Martinstown 
and Dorchester dividing the barrows from the barn. To be 
more precise, Barrow 3 is situated 70 feet from the western 
hedge of the field and 125 paces from the northern hedge. It 
is also 125 paces to the N.N.E. of Barrow 2 and ij furlong 
south-east cf Barrow i. 

Barrow 3 has, like Barrow 2, been much reduced in height by 
agriculture and the plough, but not nearly to such a great extent 
as the much smaller Barrow, No. 2. 

A plan was made as the work of excavation proceeded, but 
contours were in this case considered unnecessary. Approxi- 
mately, the barrow is 93 feet in diameter, and at the present 
time about ^\ feet above the old surface line, at the highest 
part, although, no doubt, it originally stood as high as the turf- 
clad Barrow No. i. We are unable to say with certainty whether 
Barrow 3 was enclosed within a ditch, and time did not allow of 
it being tested. 



26 fiARROW-DIGGlNG AT MARTlNSTOWN. 

Excavation of the Barrow. As in the case of Barrow i, a 
cutting was commenced on the south, 6 feet wide, and was 
extended in a N.N.E. direction * to a distance of 35 feet. Owing 
to the discovery of graves and various relics as the sketch-plan 
shows the original 6 feet cutting had to be greatly enlarged on 
both sides as the work went forward. All the ground within 
the area of the plan was excavated down to the undisturbed 
chalk. 

The miscellaneous "finds," apart from the interments, were 
numbered from i to 20, and consisted for the most part of flint 
implements, the majority being scrapers. The most important 
of these relics were two chipped knives with ground and 
polished cutting-edges, a few beautifully-formed scrapers, and a 
thick, circular disc of Kimmeridge Shale. 

Detailed Description of the Relics found in the Cutting. 

(All marked in the Plan, Plate VII., and the same numbers are 
used as Fig. Nos. in Plate VI.) 

1. Circular flint scraper (Plate VI. ), of a light bluish-white 
colour, translucent, with portion of the outer coating of the 
flint on the upper surface ; finely chipped all round the bevelled 
edges ; large and prominent bulb of percussion on the lower 
surface. Depth i foot. 

2. Long tongue-shaped flint scraper. Depth i foot. 

3. Flint scraper of long horseshoe-shaped variety; fine ogee- 
curve on bulb side. Depth i foot. 

4. Small circular flint scraper (Plate VI.), with a very short 
tang. Depth 2^3 feet in chalk rubble. 

5. Portion of a large bluish-white flint knife (Plate VI.); 
finely-chipped to a crescentic cutting-edge on one face ; on 
the other the edge has been bevelled by grinding and polish- 
ing; some deep facets (some more recent than the time of 

* The line of the cutting was not true N. and S., but 31 east of Magnetic 
North. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTtKSTOWK. 27 

manufacture of the implement) have spoilt the appearance of 
this face. Found at a depth of 2-3 feet in chalk rubble. 

6. Thin scraper of a slaty-coloured flint. Depth 2 feet in 
mould. 

7. Circular scraper of bluish-white flint, chipped all round 
the edges. Depth 2-2 feet in chalk rubble. 

8. Long, worked flake, with longitudinal dorsal ridge. 
Depth 2 feet. 

9. Two flint scrapers, one of circular form ; the other of a 
dark slaty-colour, and of duck-bill- form. Depth i '4 foot. 

10. Thin flint scraper (Plate VI.), of light-brownish colour 
and horse-shoe shape ; the bevelled edge very finely worked. 
Depth i '3 foot. 

11. Two scrapers. Depth 1-3 foot. 

12. Thin, well-worked flint scraper (Plate VI.), nearly 
circular. Depth 1*5 foot. 

13. Flint scraper. Depth n foot. 

14. Flint scraper, with large eraillure on the bulb of 
percussion. Depth r6 foot. 

15. A large quantity of burnt matter or decayed wood (?). 
Apparently not a cremated interment. 

1 6. Small, thick, flint scraper, with semi-circular bevelled 
edge. 

17. Fragment of British pottery, without quartz grains, black 
on inside, red on exterior ; ornamented by three parallel rows of 
indented bands. 

1 8. A flat, thin, flint knife of somewhat ovate form 
(Plate VI.); the crescentic cutting-edge, rather bluntly-bevelled 
by grinding from both faces. On the opposite side is a deep 
notch, chipped probably for arrow-shafting ; both faces of the 
implement present excellent examples of conchoidal fracture, 
and it has every appearance of being in continuous use for a 
long period. It was picked up on the surface of the barrow. 

ig. Flake, with a slightly-worked notch, of no particular 
interest. Flint flakes were plentiful throughout the barrow. A 
few cores were also found. 



2 8 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

20. Circular disc of Kimmeridge Shale, diameter 25 mm., 
thickness 15 mm. In the centre of both the flat ends there is a 
slight and small indentation ; precise use of object unknown. 
Found close to the chalk floor, near " Hole." (See Plan.) 

Interments in the Barrow. In the excavation of this barrow 
we were rewarded by the discovery of three interments of the 
Bronze Age, viz., two primary ones by inhumation and a 
secondary one by cremation. 

Secondary Interment by Cremation. Exactly on the line of the 
cutting on the west side, and at a distance of 1 5 feet from the 
southern end of the cutting, we firstly came to a pottery vessel, 
which appeared to be close to the surface of the depressed 
summit of the barrow, and it was therefore found necessary to 
clear a space for a foot or two round the pot. The true nature 
of the discovery soon revealed itself a large British cinerary 
urn inverted,* resting on an irregular slab of stone, now 
measuring about 15 Jin. x 12 Jin., and 2in. thick,f covering the 
burnt remains j of a child (or children) of about 5 years 
of age, wrapped in what appeared to be a woven bag or 



* Thurnam supports Hoare's assertion that Bronze Age cinerary urns are 
" much more frequently" found inverted than otherwise. 

We do not agree with this. The position of urns discovered by Hoare in 
Wiltshire is only named in 30 instances, and of these 14 were erect and 
16 inverted. 

It is quite probable that he made a point of recording those that were inverted, 
the position being naturally more striking. 

Canon Greenwell says that the urns were " usually deposited standing upright, 
but very frequently reversed over the bones " (Brit. Barrows, p. 14). 

Of the 52 cremated interments found by General Pitt- Rivers connected with 
Barrow 24, Handley Hill, 47 contained burnt bones and pottery (including 
several complete urns and portions of urns), 4 burnt bones without pottery, and 
1 wood ashes but no bones or pottery. Two only of the urns were found in an 
inverted position ! 

t At one corner the stone bears a mark where portion of the rim of the urn 
rested. 

J Cremated remains of the Bronze Age are not always found in or under urns, 
although in Dorset they have been found enclosed in urns in proportion of three 
to one. In Wilts, according to Hoare, on the other hand, the proportion is only 
one to three. At Cleveland Mr. Atkinson found that, out of 50 burials by 
cremation, the bones were deposited in an urn in 32 cases. 

According to Canon Greeuwell, burnt bones are found enclosed in urns much 
less frequently 011 the Yorkshire Wolds than in other parts of England. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 



2 9 



pouch. We are not aware that anything precisely similar has 
been found elsewhere ; probably the occurrence of textile fabrics 
in barrows has never been recorded by those who have merely 
" rifled " barrows, Thurnam, however, quotes a few instances 
of the finding of textile fabrics with cremated interments.* 

Far from the bag being in a 
condition to remove entire, it 
was only possible to preserve a 
few fragments, the best of which 
are represented in the accom- 
panying illustration. A. repre- 
sents portion of the external 
upper margin of the bag, B. being 
the internal view of the same 
fragment. Several fragments of 
C. were found ; and it probably 
represents a piece of the string 
with which the bag of incin- 
erated remains was tied up. 
Portions of the bag have been mi- 
croscopically examined through 
the kindness of Professor H. B. 
Farmer, who has sent the follow- 
ing report : 

" The carbonised wrapping, a 
sample of which you sent me, 
is certainly not hemp, so far as 
its condition makes identification 
possible. There seem to be two, 
at any rate, plants, one of which 
is a grass. 

" I should say that the twist is made primarily of grass stems, 
with perhaps the leaves, and that there is an accidental mixture 
of something else. 




Portions of a Woven Bag 
which contained the 
Cremated Remains of 
a Child. Barrow 3, 
Martinstown. 



* Archseologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 326. 



30 BARROW-DIGGING AT MAR.TINSTOWK. 

"The grass stem I judge by the occasionally very well 
preserved epidermis with characteristic cells and stomata. 
Moreover, the woody parts are sufficiently present to lend 
confirmatory evidence. 

" I cannot say to what species it belonged. 

" I think I may quite definitely say that none of the material 
contained flax. I examined several samples, both of the 
twisted bit and of the loose fragments, and all of them 
were alike. There were no long strands such as would suggest 
flax. 

" The fact that the outside skin (epidermis) of the tissue was 
preserved is strongly against the possibility of flax being che 
substance used, as this would have been eliminated in the netting 
processes." 

The urn, the base of which was at a depth of only i '4 foot 
from the surface, was found in a much shattered condition. 
The fragments numbered about 150, and were for the most 
part in their proper positions. It has now been carefully 
restored, * and presents a very imposing appearance. It is 
far above the usual size of a British cinerary urn, averaging 
15 inches in height f; exterior diameter at rim averages 
ijf inches; interior diameter, 13^- inches; circumference at 
most prominent part below shoulder, 43^- inches ; diameter at 
base, 6| inches ; average width of the overhanging rim, 3$ inches. 
There is nothing unusual about the ornamentation, and the 
photograph (Plate VIII.) is so excellent that it needs no 
description. The ornamentation on the inside of the top of the 
rim cannot, however, be seen. The rim contracts and slopes 
inwards to a projecting ridge which is decorated with two 
parallel bands of impressed cord ornament ; this is quite usual 
with this type of urn. The pottery is of a dark brown colour, 
and contains no grains of quartz or other grains, and in this 
respect resembles all the other pottery found in these 

* Restored by Mr. C. S. Prideaux. 
t Greatest height, 15fin. ; least height, 13Jin. 



BARROAV-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 31 

Martinstown Barrows, corresponding, as we said before, with 
the No. 2 British pottery of Pitt-Rivers. 

A somewhat similar and very large urn, with overhanging rim, 
was found by General Pitt-Rivers in Barrow 24, Handley Hill, 
North Dorset. It was also inverted, and was one (No. 42) of no 
less than 52 cremated interments connected with one barrow.* 
With this Handley cremation one of the very rare bone tweezers 
was found.f of which only two or three specimens are known 
from Dorset. 

This type of cinerary urn is figured by Thurnam in 
Archaeologia f from a barrow on Beacon Hill, Mendip ; height, 
i6i inches. A similar urn was found inverted over an interment 
of burnt bones in a small barrow on Lamb Down, Codford, 
Wilts; it is 16^ inches in height. Another was found by 
Sir R. C. Hoare at Durrington, Barrow 69 ; height, 13^ inches. || 
Another of similar form was found by Hoare at Woodyates,^[ 
Barrow 17; height, 18^ inches. Numerous other instances of 
this type of urn could be cited, but those quoted are sufficient 
for the purpose. 

There are at least three examples of cinerary urns of the type 
of that under consideration, with overhanging rims, in the 
Dorset County Museum. No. C8o is an unornamented 
specimen of this class, height about 15^ inches, found many 
years ago in a barrow formerly standing behind Sidney Terrace, 
Dorchester. Two bronze daggers were found in this barrow 
when it was destroyed in 1885. Another of "this class is 
represented by Cy8, about 16^ inches in height, found with a 
cremated interment at Winterborne Abbas. A third and smaller 



* Excavations in Cranborne Chase, Vol. IV., Plate 301, Fig. 6. 
t Op. cit., Vol. IV., Plate 298, Fig. 7. 
J Vol. XLIIL, Plate xxx., Fig. 1. 
Figured in "Catalogue of Antiquities in Devizes Museum" (Wilts Arch. 
Soc.), Part I., the Stourhead Collection, 1896, p. 64. 

|| Op. cit., p. 47. 
IT Op. cit., p. 66 ; also Archseologia, Vol. XLIIL, p. 346. 



32 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

example is 37, about n inches high, found in a tumulus at 
Bincombe Hewish in 1850. 

Close to the urn in Barrow 3 a piece of decomposed granite 
was found at a depth of 1*5 foot in mould. 



Primary Interments by Inhumation. 

Grave /. On the eastern line, or boundary, of the cutting, 
the upper edge of Grave I., at the southern end, was found at a 
distance of 7^ feet from the S.S.E. corner of the cutting, and the 
edge at the northern end at a distance of 14^ feet from the 
same point. In removing the filling of this grave it was found 
that, owing to the existence of two distinct ledges, or steps, of 
undisturbed chalk, the grave became more contracted as the 
re-excavation proceeded. The grave, that is from the lower 
ledge downwards, was found to be more or less elliptical ; length, 
5 -4 feet ; greatest width, 37 feet. The bottom was reached at a 
depth of 5 feet from the surface of the barrow and 2-3 feet below 
the level of the surface of the solid chalk. The sides of the 
grave were very smooth on the south, south-east, south-west, 
and north-east, and fairly even all the way round. The filling 
consisted of chalk rubble mixed with nodular flints, but not in 
such large quantities as in Barrow 2, and not sufficient to justify 
the name of "cairn" being introduced. Interspersed amongst 
the filling a quantity of bones of young children were turned up, 
and also fragments of decomposed or burnt wood. 

The interment proved to be another contracted one, lying on 
its right side a young male ; length of left femur, 1-52 foot; of 
tibiae about 1*3 foot; giving an estimated stature of 5 feet 
8 inches. 

The feet were to the N.N.W. ; head to S.S.E., facing N.N.E. ; 
skull much fractured. Length from top of head to toes, 4^2 feet ; 
width from right knee to lumbar vertebrae, 2*2 feet. 

The left humerus was resting across the top of the thorax, the 
hand nearly reaching right femur. The hand of right arm was 




11 

ss 

z ^ 

11 



Plate III. 




RELICS UNCONNECTED WITH THE INTERMENTS FOUND IN 

BARROW i., MARTINSTOWN. 



Plate IV. 




RELICS CONNECTED WITH THE INTERMENTS FOUND IN BARROW I., 

MARTI NSTOWN, 1903. 

[From photographs by IT. St. George Gray. 



Plate VI. 



i tfw ;/^a 

i fep-Sv-yM^I 

r~Sk f iSL*?^/l 



4. i ,.,_ 

x^S*-' -~^ "7i^z: v-^ 

/T^/ V - V A 'jfe^Sii 

if.S v ^ \''nV ' \ 7*A ''-. 

te\/ V < r^T^r^ 




FLINT IMPLEMENTS AND POTTERY 
FOUND IN BARROWS 2 AND 3, MARTINSTOWN, 1903. 

(All except the two upper figures were found in Barrow 3.) 



Plate VIII. 




LARGE BRITISH URN FOUND INVERTED AND CONTAINING 
THE CREMATED REMAINS OF A CHILD (SECONDARY 
INTERMENT), BARROW 3, MARTI NSTOWN, 1903. 



(Scale linear.) 



[From a photograph by W. IVmncy. 



Plate IX. 




PRIMARY INTERMENT OF THE BRONZE AGE 
FOUND IN GRAVE il., BARROW 3. MARTINSTOWN, 1903. 

[From a photograph by W. Pouncy. 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 33 

drawn up over the right shoulder, the angle at the elbow being 
very acute. The legs were much drawn up, as in all the 
Martinstown cases ; the right knee was within 3 inches of the 
side of the grave ; the right wrist only 2 inches from ditto ; the 
feet almost touched the side of the grave on the N.N.W. The 
vertebral column was in a fairly straight line. 

As in the case of the skeleton in Barrow 2, this skeleton, 
being in a bad state of preservation and of no interest for 
anthropological measurements, was covered up after excavation, 
the usual leaden tablet recording the excavation being deposited 
with the skeleton. 

There is no doubt about the Bronze Age date of this inter- 
ment, for behind the vertebrae and on the bottom of the grave 
the base and portion of the side (in fragments) of what was 
apparently an ornamented food-vessel was found. (Plan, 
Plate VII., "21.") The pot was 3! inches in diameter at the 
base, the sides averaging f inch in thickness. It is of the 
usual soft British quality, black inside and light reddish-brown 
on the exterior. The indented ornamentation consists of bands 
of chevrons pointing in opposite directions, with parallel 
horizontal bands of conjoined oblong punch- marks between. 
The chevrons are filled with elongated indentations, as shown 
on the small fragment figured in Plate VI., Fig 21. 

Grave II. On the western line of the cutting the S.S.W. 
margin of Grave II. was found immediately after the removal of 
the cremated interment, at a distance of 17 feet from the S.S.W. 
corner of the main cutting, the northern margin of the grave on 
the same line being 22 feet from the same point. The upper 
margins of Graves I. and II. were separated by 3-4 feet of the 
solid chalk floor. 

This proved to be the most interesting of the three primary 
interments found in Barrows 2 and 3, although in much the 
same contracted posture. It is much to be regretted that no 
relics whatever not even a fragment of pottery were associated 
with this interment. An excellent photograph of it, in situ, is 
represented in Plate IX. 



34 BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

This fine grave was hewn to a depth of 3 feet into the solid 
chalk, the depth from the surface to the bottom of the grave 
being 5*9 feet. The N.W. end of the grave had a particularly 
smooth face ; the sides were nearly vertical, the length at 
bottom being 67 feet and the greatest width 4*1 feet. 

The skull, which was in almost perfect condition, was found 
to the north-west, facing in a north-easterly direction. It was 
i'i foot from the N.W. side of the grave, the left knee being at 
the same distance from the E. side. The right toes were 
i '4 foot and the pelvis cry foot from the margin of the grave. 
As will be seen in the photograph, the lower jaw, a somewhat 
powerfully-developed one, was found at some little distance from 
the skull, and had doubtless been detached from it previously to 
the grave being filled in. By-the-bye, the filling of the grave in 
this case consisted of chalk rubble, with flints in no considerable 
quantity. 

In this instance the skeleton rested on its left side. The left 
arm was in almost a direct line from the left shoulder to right 
knee. The right arm was bent at an angle of about 80, with 
hand in front of face. The pelvis was in good order, the 
vertebral column fairly straight, and both the legs drawn up to 
angles of about 35. The length from top of skull to toes of 
right foot was 3*9 feet; greatest width from back of pelvis to left 
patella, 2*3 feet. 

The leg bones were measured approximately as the skeleton 
a fully adult male, probably middle-aged rested in situ; 
length of right femur, r6 foot; right tibia, 1*35 foot ; which gives 
a stature of 5 feet ii'g inches nearly 6 feet. 

This skeleton, with the exception of the skull, was also left 
in situ, and covered up at the completion of the excavations, the 
usual leaden label being previously deposited. 

In extending the excavations on the two last days in N., N.E., 
W., and S.W. directions, no further interments were discovered, 
but a hole of uncertain intention, marked on the Plan, 
Plate VII. , was found cut out of the solid chalk. It was not a 






BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 35 

natural depression, and in general form was that of an inverted 
cone with the apex missing ; average diameter at surface of 
chalk floor r8 foot, at bottom 5 inches, the sides tapering off 
very considerably. The depth of the hole in the solid chalk was 
i '5 foot. In it were found the larger portion of an anterior 
vertebra of a cetacean and part of the tibia of a red-deer (Cervus 
elaphtis) ; * also a lot of decomposed cellular bone, with some 
small yellow particles, like sulphur, scattered through the mass. 

These excavations at Martinstown, extending over a fortnight 
in all, have, therefore, in addition to the miscellaneous relics, 
produced four primary interments by inhumation and two 
secondary interments by cremation. None of them, we think, 
judging from the circumstances of the finding, and the relics 
both associated with them and found in other parts of the 
barrows, are more recent than the middle of the Bronze Period, 
and we are inclined to assign some of them to a time slightly 
earlier in the Bronze Age. As types of prehistoric ceramic art 
in Britain, it is now generally understood that the beaker was 
earlier than the food-vessel, and that the cinerary urn was the 
latest. 



APPENDIX. 

NOTES ON THE SKELETON FEOM BAEEOW I., MAETINSTOWN, 
DOECHESTEE, 1903. 

BY J. G. GAESON, M.D., &c. 

The human remains placed in my hands for examination by Messrs. Gray and 
Prideaux consist of a skull nearly complete but which had been much broken, the 
sacrum, the left innominate, and several of the long bones of the limbs, belonging 
to one skeleton. There were also sent some small portions of the skull and other 
parts of the skeleton of one or more infants, but these were so fragmentary that 
little can be made oat regarding them with any degree of certainty. I, therefore, 
think it better to confine my notes to the skeleton of the more adult individual, 
beginning with the skull. 

* Prof. W. Boyd Dawkins, F.E.S., has seen these bones. 



36 BAR ROW- DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

The Skull. In general form it is long and narrow in respect to both the 
calvarial portion, or that portion which covers in the brain, and therefore, in 
popular language, termed the brain-case, and the facial portion. The condition 
of metopism, that is, of persistence of the mesial frontal suture, which is usually 
obliterated at an early stage of life by complete fusion of the two halves of the 
frontal bone, is present and is well marked. There is considerable asymmetry of 
the calvarium readily noticeable when viewed from above. The left half of the 
frontal is prominent, especially above the middle and inner third of the left orbit, 
while the right half falls away, or recedes. Behind, the right half of the 
occipital bone is bulging backwards, while the left half is less prominent. This 
obliquity extends to the parietal bones also, and shows itself by the line of the 
sagittal suture slanting somewhat from right to left as it is traced backwards 
from the bregma. It is very probable that the asymmetry is due to post mortem 
pressure upon the skull as it lay in the soil in a more or less damp and softened 
condition. The ridges for the attachments of muscles are feebly developed, and 
the surface of the bone generally has a smooth appearance. The orbital 
processes and the mastoids are small and little developed ; the glabella and supra- 
orbital region, excluding the irregularity due to asymmetry, are moderately 
prominent; the upper edges of the orbits are thin and sharp. The parietal 
eminences are not prominent, but there is a want of combined fulness and 
roundness about this region which is at once noticeable. The sutures are open 
and simple, and there are a few small wormean bones present in the parieto- 
occipital suture. While the ridges on the under surface of the occipital are 
feebly developed and in harmony with those on the other parts of the calvaria, 
the bone in the region of the foramen magnum is thick, especially at the edges of 
the foramen, which itself is particularly long and narrow. The basilar suture is 
open. The facial portion is in general form long and narrow, as is indicated by 
the facial indices given below being high. The nasal opening is narrow, but 
owing to the broken condition of the specimen the nasal height could not be 
sufficiently accurately ascertained on a short measurement such as it is to warrant 
a statement of the nasal index. The orbits also are imperfect. Viewed from the 
side the profile is straight, the alveolar region showing no prognathism as is 
indicated by that index and the palato- maxillary index. The lower jaw is feeble, 
and the gonial angle (that formed by the horizontal and ascending rami) is obtuse ; 
the chin is pointed and well formed. The incisor teeth are well developed and 
sound ; the last molars have not appeared above their formative cavities in the 
mandible, but are just showing on the surface in the maxillae. The premolars 
and first two molars show no signs of wear, and are comparatively of small size. 

The skull is light and has been broken in many places, and although it has been 
skilfully restored by Mr. Gray the following measurements are in some cases not 
always absolutely exact, though sufficiently accurate, perhaps, for practical 
descriptive purposes : 

1. Antero-posterior median length (max.) . . 196 mm. 

2. Transverse breadth (max.) . . . . 140 



BARROW-DIGGING AT MARTlNSTOWN. 37 

3. Basio-bregmatic height . . . . . . 148 mm. 

4. Minimum frontal breadth .. .. .. 101 ,, 

5. Bi-asteric breadth . . . . . . 110 

6. Bi-auricular breadth . . . . . . 119 ,, 

7. Bizygomatic breadth . . . . . . cl'27 ,, 

8. Bimalar breadth .. .. .. 115 

9. Maximum bi-maxillary breadth . . . . 93 

10. Minimum bi-maxillary (Palato-maxillary) breadth.. 65 ,, 

11. Basio-nasial length .. .. .. 109 

12. Basio- alveolar length . . . . . . c96 

13. Nasio-alveolar length . . . . . . c82 

14. Nasio-mental length . . . . . . 129 ,, 

15. Nasal breadth .. .. .. .. 23 

16. Palato-maxillary length .. .. .. 53 

17. Horizontal circumference . . . . . . 534 ,, 

18. Auriculo-bregmatic arc . . . . . . 326 

19. Total transverse circumference (6 + 17) .. 445 ,, 

20. Frontal arc .. .. .. .. 135 

21. Parietal arc .. .. .. 134 

22. Occipital arc .. .. .. 116 

23. Foramen magnum length .. .. .. 43 ,, 

24. Nasio-bregmatico-basial length .. .. 428 ,, 

25. Total longitudinal circumference (11 + 24) .. 537 ,, 

26. Bigonial breadth of mandible .. .. 102 

27. Antero -posterior diameter of ascending ramus .. 32 ,, 

The following are the principal indices as far as they can be ascertained from 
the condition of the skull : 

Cephalic index (breadth to length) .. .. .. 71 '5 

Height index (height to length) . . . . . . 75*5 

Alveolar or gnathic index (12 to 11) .. .. .. 8S'l 

Total face index (14 to 7) . . . . . . 104'0 

Upper face index (13 to 7) . . . . . . 66-1 

Palato-maxillary index (10 to 16) .. .. .. 122-6 

NOTES. The figures within brackets refer to the measurements used in forming 
the index, which in each instance expresses the relation of the first to the second 
in percentage ; c before a measurement stands for circum, and shows that it 
could not be made with exact accuracy. 

The other Bones, The innominate bone is imperfect ; the marginal or crest 
epiphysis of the ilium and the ischial epiphysis are wanting, and had been 
ununited to these bones. The intermediate bone in the ascetabulum was also 
absent, and had not been united to its floor. The femur is well developed, its 
circumference being 81 mm. in the middle of the shaft ; the epiphyses of the 
head, trochanters, and lower extremity are ununited to the shaft ; the angle 



38 HARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 

formed by its head and neck with the shaft is obtuse. The tibia and fbula have 
their epiphyses ununited to the shaft ; the antero- posterior diameter of the 
former at the nutrient foramen is 31 mm., and the transverse diameter at the 
same level is 21 mm. ; while in the middle of the bone these measurements are 
28 and 21 mm. respectively. The hiimcrtts has the upper epiphysis ununited, but 
the lower epiphyses are quite united to the shaft ; the epitrochlear process 
(internal condylar process) appears to have been broken off. Its circumference in 
the middle of the shaft is G9 mm. The radius has its epiphyses at both ends 
ununited to the shaft. All these bones are well developed as to size and muscular 
ridges for their stage of growth. As will be learned from the condition of the 
epiphyses, they have not attained their full size. 

The following are the dimensions of such of the long bones as were perfect 
enough for measurement : 

Eight Femur . . . . 462 mm. 

Left Tibia .. .. .. 378 

Eight Humerus .. .. 330 

Left Eadius. . . . . . 255 ,, 

From these measurements I have calculated the probable stature of the 
individual, both according to Eollet formulae and by the newer methods of 
Prof. Karl Pearson. But before entering upon this subject it is necessary to state 
the age and sex of the individual as indicated by the skeleton. The condition of 
the basilar suture, the teeth, and the state of the epiphyses of the bones, enable 
us to determine the age of the individual at the time of death to have been 
between 18 and 19 years. The question of sex is a difficult one in some cases, 
even in adults, and still more so in adolescents. In the former the chief 
difficulty, once one has become familiar with the race to which the specimen 
belongs, is to distinguish a small ill-developed man from a well-developed and big 
woman. When handling the skull in the first instance I confess to having had 
some doubt as to the sex in this particular instance, but doubt was soon dispelled 
after full examination of it and the other bones. Let me parenthetically remark 
that this demonstrates very well how important it is to secure the limb bones as 
well as the skull in all instances. The relative proportions of the limb bones to 
the stature are different in men and women, and, therefore, irrespective of other 
data afforded by them, materially assist in the determination of sex in doubtful 
cases. The age and state of development of the skeleton, as well as the results 
yielded by the different formulae for estimation of stature, had in this case to be 
carefully considered in coming to a decision as to the sex. The conclusion I have 
come to is that this is undoubtedly the skeleton of a male. 

The indicated stature from the several long bones shows that proportionately 
the radius is abnormally long, while the humerus is slightly shorter than the 
normal mean. The indicated statures from the femur, tibia, and humerus agree 
very well, but the femur, as has been shown to be generally the case by 
Prof. Karl Pearson, gives on the whole apparently the best result ; the other two 
indicated statures from the tibia and humerus respectively deviating on either 



fi ARROW-DIGGING AT MARTINSTOWN. 39 

side of it. Using the three best formulas of Eollet, and taking the mean of 
them for each of the three bones, the probable stature of the individual was 
1 m. 69 (= 66^ inches). By Pearson's method, in which the various elements of 
uncertainty have by mathematical calculations been excluded, the indicated 
stature is 1 m. 68 (nearly = 66 inches). These two systems of estimating height 
give wonderfully similar results in this case, and it may be taken as conclusive 
that we have got as near the truth as possible. On the basis that the bones were 
those of a young woman the stature indicated would be 1 m. 76 (= 69 inches), 
or even as much as 1 m. 83 (over 6 feet). This taken in conjunction with the 
characters of the skull, and the probable ultimate length which would have been 
attained by the bones on completion of growth had the individual lived till that 
period, put the assumption out of court. 

Let us now consider the morphological characters of this skeleton in relation to 
the early races of Britain. The form of the cranial box is markedly dolicho- 
cephalic, its index being 71 '5, while the complete facial index is 104, which is 
also markedly dolichofacial, or leptoprosopic as it is sometimes termed ; the 
immature stature, as we have seen, was 1 m. 68 or 9 at the age of 18-19 years, 
and, from a large number of statistics on growth, might normally be expected to 
reach 3 cm. more, which would indicate at adult age a probable stature of 
1 m. 71 or 2. The interment and articles found with the skeleton point 
undoubtedly (as Mr. Gray informs me) to the Bronze Age as being the period 
when the body was deposited in the barrow. 

The form of calvaria typical of the Bronze Age people is brachycephalic, 
while the face is dolichofacial, and the stature calculated by Prof. Karl 
Pearson's methods is 1 m. 71 for males, 1 m. 60 for females. The characteristics 
of the preceding Neolithic race are a dolichocephalic calvaria, a brachyfacial (or 
chsemeoprosopic, as it is sometimes called), face, the stature being, by Pearson's 
method of calculation, 1 m. 67 for the males and 1 m. 536 for the females. 

The earlier race lived in certain parts of the country side by side with the later, 
and in some cases intermingled with them, and both have influenced the 
population of the present day. From these facts it will be seen that the in- 
dividual whose skeleton has been under examination conformed in stature and 
in the form of his face to the Bronze Age race, while in the shape of the calvaria 
he shows decidedly the characters of the Neolithic people. 



cm6 



By the Rev. 0. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE, M.A., F.R.S,, &c. 

February, 1905.) 




HAVE been able to do but little myself in the way of 
field-work since my last communication (Septem- 
ber, 1903), but I have continued the working 
out of materials previously collected and the 
rectification of nomenclature. This, added to 
the results of collecting by several kind friends, 
enables me to report now a very favourable 
progress in our knowledge of British Arachnida. 
Thirteen species have been added to our British List. Of these 
eight are considered to be new to science, and five have not 
been previously recorded in Great Britain, though known as 
Continental species. Added to the above are also several other 
species of which the females have not been before described. 
Of those new to science four were discovered by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson, M.D., of Hexham, viz., Tmeticus firmus, Tmeticus rivalis, 
Styloctetor uncinus, and Laseola dissimilis ; this last in Dorsetshire 
(at Portland) during a short visit to me in June last. Of the 
other three, two were found at Hexham and one at the top of 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 41 

Scafell in Cumberland. Another of the new species (Trochosa 
postuma] was found many years ago at Balmoral, Scotland, by 
my late Cousin, Col. Pickard, R.A. ; another, Cnepkalocoies 
ambiguus, in the Isle of Bute by Mr. W. Evans ; one, Tmdicus 
commodus, by Mr. Claude Morley in Suffolk ; and the remaining 
one, Phaeocedus parvus, by Mr. E. A. Newbery in London. Of 
those now recorded for the first time as British, though before 
described from other parts, one, Erigone arc/tea, was found by 
myself in considerable abundance near Chickerell, but was at 
first mistaken for an allied species ; two, Agroeca chrysea, 
L. Koch, and Lophomma stativum, Sim., were sent to me from 
St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. Ruskin Butterfield; one, Tmeticus 
similis, Kulcz., I received from Scotland ; and the fifth, 
Tapinocyba insecta, L. Koch, was found at Hexham by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson. Among those of which the females have not before 
been found I may particularly mention Erigone promiscua, 
Cambr. The male of this has been known for many years 
from various localities in England and Scotland, but it is only 
quite recently that the female has been discovered and sent to 
me by Mr. R. Butterfield from St. Leonard's-on-Sea. Then, 
again, among rare species I should mention that several 
examples of Theridion impressum, L. Koch, were met with at 
Warmwell by Dr. Jackson during his short visit to me last June. 
This spider had only occurred once before in England (* near 
Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire). In another Order of the 
Arachnida (the Phalangidea, or Harvestmen) I have to record 
several rare species Sderosoma quadridentatum, Cuvier, from 
St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. R. Butterfield, and from Warmwell, 
with Sderosoma Romanum, L. Koch, by Dr. Jackson, Oligolophus 
Meadii, Cambr., St. Leonard's-on-Sea, by Mr. Butterfield, and 
Oligolophus Hansenii, Kraepl., Nottinghamshire, by Dr. Carr. 
Also in another Order of Arachnids (Chernetidea or False- 
scorpions}tviQ species have been received new to Britain Chernes 
cyrneus, L. Koch, from Leicester (Dr. Jackson), and Chernes 

* Vide " Proc." Dors. N.H. and A.F. Club, Vol. XXIV., p. 152. 



42 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

rufcolus Sim., from London (Mr. H. Donisthorpe) as well as 
two other rare forms C kernes phaleratus, Sim., sent to me by 
Mr. Wallis Kew from Essex, and Obisium maritimum, Leach, 
from Port Erin Bay, Isle of Man, by Dr. A. D. Timms. This 
last is only its second record in England, the other being from 
the Devonshire coast. The only remaining record to be made 
now is that of a rare Acarid, Glvphopsis Bostockii (A. D. Michael, 
sent to me by Mr. Claude Morley from an ant's nest (Lasius 
flavus] in Suffolk. 

I wish I could report that the study and collecting of the 
Arachnida had been taken up by some one or more Dorset 
residents. Though I regret to say this has not hitherto come 
about, I hope it will yet be achieved. At times, when I have 
endeavoured to stir up a little enthusiasm on the subject, I have 
been met with the objection that, as I had apparently so 
thoroughly worked out this branch of Natural History in 
Dorsetshire myself, there was nothing more to be done ! Well ! 
the result of two or three days' work in June last by Dr. Jackson 
(of which I have mentioned above some particulars) during his 
hasty visit to Dorsetshire rather disproves the idea of nothing 
left to be done. A new species and several others of rarity (one 
as good as new) shews that there is yet much to be expected 
from careful collecting even where my own longest and hardest 
work has been bestowed. 



LIST OF NEW AND RARE ARACHNIDA 
FOUND IN GREAT BRITAIN CHIEFLY IN 1904 AND 1905. 

ORDER ARANEIDEA. 
Fam. DRASSID^. 

Drassus pubeseens, Thor. 

Examples of this species were received from Wicken Fen, 
Cambridgeshire (Mr. F. P. Smith), and from Nottingham- 
shire (Dr. Carr). 



DESCRIPTION OF PLATE A. 



Phaeocedus parvusj sp. n., p. 43. 

Fig. 1. Eyes from above and behind. Fig. 2. Genital aperture. 
Fig 3. Maxillae and labium. 

Agelena longipes, Carpenter, p. 44. 

Fig. 4. Sternum. Fig. 5. Genital aperture. 

Laseola dissimilis, sp. n., p. 45. 

Fig. (3. Outline of spicier from above and behind. Fig. 7- Cephalothorax 
in profile. Fig. 8. Right palpus from above and behind. 

Tmeticiis commodus, sp. u., p 47. 

Fig. 9. Eyes from above and behind. Fig. 10. Genital aperture. 
Fig. 11. Genital process in profile. 

Tmetieus similis, Kulcz., p. 47. 

Fig. 12. Eyes from above and behind. Fig. 13. Genital aperture. 

Tmeti&us firmus, sp. n., p. 47. 

Fig. 13A. Eyes of male from above and behind. Fig. 13s. Left palpus of 
male from outer side. Fig. 13c. Genital aperture (female). 

Tmeticm rivalis, sp. n., p. 47. 

Fig. 14. Eyes from above and behind. Fig. 15. Left palpus from outer 
side. Fig. 16. Hinder part of sternum. Fig. 17. Genital aperture. Fig. 18. 
Posterior extremity of genital aperture. 

Lophomma stativum, Simon, p. 50. 

Fig. 19. Eyes of female from above and behind. Fig. 20. Left palpus of 
male from above and behind. Fig. 21. Genital aperture. 

Styloctetor uncinus, sp. n., p. 51. 

Fig. 22. Eyes of male from above and behind. Fig. 23. Bight palpus of 
male from above and behind. Fig. 24. Genital aperture. Fig 25. Hinder 
part of sternum of female. 




25. 



Pick ar d - C a-intndfee , del 



fc Erskine, Lith. Edn 



ON NEW ANb RARfc BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 43 

Phaeoeedus parvus, sp. n., Pi. A, Figs, i, 2, 3. 

An adult female of this small Drassid was sent to me in 
1901 by Mr. E. A. Newbery, of 12, Churchill Road, 
Dartmouth Park. Mr. Newbery's account of it leaves it in 
doubt whether this spider may not have been imported 
from India in a package of damaged British goods, sent 
out to India and returned thence. This is quite possible, 
though there is nothing improbable in the idea that it may 
be an indigenous British species. At any rate, it seems to 
me to be new to science. 

Prosthesima rustiea, L. Koch, Plate B, Fig. i. 

An adult female (this sex new to Britain) was received from 
Mr. W. Falconer, by whom it was found in Epping Forest. 

Zora nemoralis, Bl. 

An adult of each sex of this spider was sent to me from 
Hexham, Northumberland, where they were found by Dr. 
A. Randall Jackson, M.D. 

Agroeea celans, Bl. 

Adults of both sexes were found at Hexham by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson, M.D. 

Agroeea eeler, Cambr. 

An immature male received from Stratford-on-Avon from 
the Rev. J. H. Bloom. 

Agroeea striata, Kulcz. 

Immature examples were received from Mr. Ruskin 
Butterfield, by whom they were found at St. Leonard's-on- 
Sea in April, 1904. 

Agroeea chrysea, C. L. Koch. 

Examples of what, though not adult, I feel no doubt 
are of this species were also received from Mr. Ruskin 
Butterfield, by whom they were found at St. Leonard's- 
on-Sea. This is its first record as a British spider. 



44 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Fam DICTYNID.E. 
Protadia patula, Sim. 

A female of this rare spider was received from Kirkby, 
Lancashire, where it was found by the Rev. J. H. Bloom. 

Protadia subnigra, Cambr. 

An adult female from St. Leonard's-on-Sea (Mr. Ruskin 
Butterfield). 

Fam. AGELENID^I. 
Cryphoeea diversa, Cambr. 

An example of this spider was found in Sherwood Forest, 
Notts, and sent to me by Dr. Carr. 

Coelotes terrestris, Wid. 

Coelotes terrestris, Wid. non C. soli/anus, Sim. 

,, pabulator, Sim. -Cambr. (List of Brit, and 
Irish Spids., p. 16, non C. pabulator, Sim.) 
I had long thought that the spider taken in the New 
Forest (see List of Brit, and I. Spids., Footnote *, p. 16), 
was identical with C. pabulator, Sim. -Cambr. (I.e.), but this 
has only been confirmed recently by comparison of the 
examples. These examples I have also now ascertained to 
be distinct from C. pabulator, Sim., by comparison with 
typical examples of this latter species received from 
M. Simon. Prof. Kulczynski also now confirms the identity 
of Coelotes pabulator, Sim. -Cambr., and C. terrestris, Wid. 

Agelena longlpes, Carpenter, PI. A, Figs. 4, 5. 

I have lately had an opportunity, through the kindness of 
Dr. A. R. Jackson, of examining the type specimen of this 
species. It differs in several respects from all its allies 
known to me. Mr. Carpenter omits a distinguishing 
character in the pattern on the sternum. (See PI. A, Fig. 5, 
where a figure is also given of the genital aperture.) 



DESCRIPTION OF PLATE B. 

Prostfosima rustica, L. Koch, p. 43. 

Fig. 1. Genital aperture. 
Onesinda minutissima, Cambr., p. 45. 

Fig. 2. Left palpus from outer side. 
Sintula fausta, Cambr., p. 48. 

Fig. 3. Genital aperture. 
Erigone longipalpis, Sund., p. 48. 

Fig. 4. Genital aperture. 
Erigone arctica, White- Cambr., p. 49. 

Fig. 5. Genital aperture. 
Erigone promisciia, Cambr., p. 50. 

Fig. 6. Genital aperture. 
Erigone dentipalpis, Wid., p. 49. 

Fig. 7. Genital aperture. 
Erigone atra, Bl., p. 50. 

Fig. 8. Genital aperture. 
Lophomma latutatum, Cambr., p. 50. 

Fig. 9. Genital aperture. 
Lophomma subtequale, Westr., p. 50. 

Fig. 10. Genital aperture. 
Cnephalocotes ekgans, Cambr., p. 52. 

Fig. 11. Eyes of female from above and behind. Fig. 12. Genital 
aperture. 
Cnephalocotes interjectus, Cambr., p. 52- 

Fig. 13. Cephalothorax of female in profile. Fig. 14. Eyes from above 
and behind. 15. Genital aperture. 
Cnephalocotes ambiguus, sp. n., p. 52. 

Fig. 1C. Cephalothorax in profile. Fig. 17. Eyes from above and behind. 
Fig. 18. Left palpus on upper side above. Fig. 19. Part of right palpus 
from outer side. 
Tapinocyba insecta, L. Koch-Sim., p. 52. 

Fig. 20. Eyes of male from above and behind. Fig. 21. Left palpus on 
upper side behind. Fig. 22. Right palpus rather on inner side. Fig. 23. 
Genital aperture. 
Wakkenaera capita, Westr., p. 53. 

Fig. 24. Genital aperture. 
Trochosa postiona, sp. u., p. 55. 

Fig. 25. Profile of spider from above. Fig. 26. Genital aperture. 
Chernes cyrneus, L. Koch, p. 56. 

Fig. 27. Cephalothorax from above and behind. Fig. 28. Palpus. 
Chernes rufeolm, Sim., p. 56. 

Fig. 29. Cephalothorax from above and behind. Fig. 30. Palpus. 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 45 

Hahnia helveola, Sim. 

An adult female near Huddersfield (Mr. W. Falconer). 

Fam. THERIDIIOE. 

Episinus truncatus, Walck. 

Received from Hexham (Dr. Jackson), 1904. 

Theridion impressum, L. Koch. 

Adults of both sexes were found among coarse herbage 
in a marshy spot at Warmwell by Dr. A. R. Jackson on 
June 1 6th, 1904. The only previous occurrence of this 
spider in England was recorded in "Proc." Dors. N.H. and 
A.F. Club, Vol. XXIV., p. 152, where a figure of the palpus 
is given (PL A, Fig. 2). It is very nearly allied to an 
abundant spider, T. sisyphium, Clk., ^for a faintly marked 
example of which the present species might easily be 
overlooked. 

Onesinda minutissima, Cambr., PI. B, Fig. 2. 

Adults of both sexes were received from Dr. A. R. 
Jackson (Hexham), and the female from Mr. W. Falconer 
(near Huddersfield). The male has not before been 
recorded. A figure of the palpus of that sex is given (PL B, 
Fig. 2). 

Lithyphantes eorollatus, C. L. Koch. 

An immature female, found in Sussex, was sent to me by 
Mr. Claude Morley. 

Laseola eoraeina, C. L. Koch. 

An adult male, from Suffolk, received from Mr. Claude 
Morley. 

Laseola dissimilis, sp. n., PL A, Figs. 6, 7, 8. 

An adult male, which I believe to be new to science, was 
found near Pennsylvania Castle, Portland, by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson in June, 1904. (See description postea, p. 58.) 



46 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Enoplognatha thoracica, Hahn. 

An adult female, Sherwood Forest, Dr. Carr. 
Robertas negleetus, Cambr. 

Robertus astutus, Cambr., Spid. Dors., p. 103. 
Pedanostethus neglect us, Cambr., Spid. Dors, (sub 

Neriene}, p. 121. 

Neriene aspera, Cambr., Spid. Dors., p. 136. 
An adult male, Huddersfield, W. Falconer. 
Adult males, Hexham, Dr. A. R. Jackson, and 
An adult female, Epping Forest, F. P. Smith. 
On a careful re-examination of the types and other 
examples since met with, it seems certain that the three 
above spiders are identical. Roberius neglectus, Cambr., was 
described in 1870, and is therefore prior to R. astulus, 
which was described in 1879. Pedanostethus (Neriene} 
aspera was also described in 1870, but its description 
occurs several pages later than that of P. neglectus. 

The genus Pedanostelhus, Sim., was characterised by M. 
Simon in 1884, while Robertus, Cambr., was published in 
1879, and thus takes precedence of Pedanostethus, with 
which it seems to be undoubtedly congeneric. 

Leptyphantes minutus, Bl. 

Leptjyphantes cingulipes, Cambr. 

L. cingulipes appears to be only an abnormally coloured 
example of L. minutus, Bl. 

Bathyphantes pullatus, Cambr. 

Linyphia crucigera, Bl. 

Linyphia crucigera, Bl., is a pale variety of B. pullatus, 
Cambr., in which the chief or sometimes only dark marking 
left on the upper surface of the abdomen is of a cruciform 
shape. There are, however, in a series of examples 
numerous varieties intermediate between the above and the 
normally marked specimens. 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 47 

Bathyphantes setiger, F. 0. P. Cambr. 

An adult male and female of this very interesting form, 
Penrith, Dr. A. R. Jackson. 

Tmetieus arcanus, Cambr. 

An adult male, W. Falconer, near Huddersfield. 

Tmetieus firmus, sp. n., PI. A, Figs. 13 A, 136, 130. 

Adults of both sexes of this species, which appears to be 
new to science, were received from Dr. A. R. Jackson from 
Hexham in January, 1 904. Adult females had already been 
sent to me from near Huddersfield (July, 1903), by Mr. W. 
Falconer. (A description will be found postea, p. 59.) 

Tmetieus rivalis, sp. n., PI, A, Figs. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. 

Both sexes, adult, from Hexham (Dr. A. R. Jackson), and 
females subsequently from W. Falconer, Hexham. A very 
distinct species and apparently new to science. (Descrip- 
tion postea, p. 6 1.) 

Tmetieus similis, Kulcz., PL A, Figs. 12, 13. 

An adult female, which seems identical with T. (Cen- 
tromerus] similis, Kulcz., was found at Balmoral by the 
late Col. A. F. Pickard. 

Tmetieus commodus, sp. n., PL A, Figs. 9, 10, u. 

An adult female, Suffolk (Claude Morley), 1904, apparently 
a very distinct species and new to science. (See description 
postea, p. 63.) 

Tmetieus reprobus, Cambr. 

An adult male, Kirkby, Lancashire, Rev. J. H. Bloom. 

Tmetieus Huthwaitii, Cambr. 

Adult females, Buxton, Derbyshire, Rev. R. J. Pickard- 
Cambridge, May, 1904. 



48 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Sintula fausta, Camb., PI. B, Fig. 3. 

Adults of both sexes, Hexham (Dr. A. R. Jackson). The 
female resembles the male in general characteristics. 

Syedra pholeommoides, Cambr. 

Sintula pholeommoides, Cambr., List Brit, and Ir. Spid., 
p. 37, "Proc." Dors. N.H. and A.F. Club, XXIV., p. 154. 

This curious little spider appears to belong rather to the 
genus Syedra, Sim., than to Sintula, Sim. The species, 
however, of Sintula are at present not all satisfactorily 
allocated, and much need revision. An adult female 
(hitherto unrecorded) was contained among some other 
spiders collected in 1891 by C. 0. Pickard-Cambridge near 
Wey mouth. 

Gongylidium retusum, Westr. 

Adult examples of both sexes, St. Leonard's-on-Sea 
(Ruskin Butterfield). 

Tiso vag-ans, Bl. 

Both sexes, adult, St. Leonard's-on-Sea (Ruskin Butter- 
field). 

ERIGONE, Aud.-Sav. 

Neriene, Bl. -Cambr., ad par i em. 
Erigone, Sund. -Cambr., Brit, and Ir. Spid., p. 40. 
After a prolonged examination of a large number of 
examples of this weli-marked genus, the following appear to 
be the species as yet found in Great Britain : 

Epigone longipalpis, Sund., PI. B, Fig. 4. 

Erigone longipalpis, Sund. -Cambr. 

,, pascalis, Cambr. 

This species is distributed over the greater part of 
of England and Scotland, but local and rarer in the south 
than in the north. Whether the spider recorded, " List of 
the Spiders of Ireland " (" Proc." Royal Irish Academy, 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 49 

June ayth, 1898, 3rd Ser., Vol. V., No. i, p., 172), under 
this name by Mr. G. H. Carpenter is the true E. longipalpis 
of Sund. or not, I do not know, not having seen the 
examples. 

Erigone pascalis, Cambr., is without doubt an undeveloped 
form of E. longipalpis, 

Epigone aretiea, White, PL B, Fig. 5. 

Erigone arctica, White-Cambr., Ann. and Mag. N.H., 

Oct., 1877, p. 278, PI. VIII., Fig. 3. 
,, arctica, White-Cambr., var. maritima, Kulcz., 

Bull, de 1' Acad. des Sciences de Cracovie, 

Oct., 1902, p. 539. 

Both sexes were met with in abundance by myself under 
dry seaweed and othes debris near Chickerell, and were at 
first mistaken for E. longipalpis, to which it is allied. Prof. 
Kulczynski, of Cracow, first drew my attention to their 
distinctness, and considers them to be a variety of E. 
arctica, White-Cambr., to which he has given the name 
"maritima" in his excellent monograph of the European 
species of Erigone (I.e. supra). I am not entirely satisfied 
as to their identity with E. arctica, White-Cambr. ; the type 
of this last species has several well-marked differences upon 
which I am inclined to lay more weight than Prof. 
Kulczynski gives them. In the absence, however, of a 
series of examples of the more northern form for com- 
parison, I record the Chickerell specimens as new to 
Britain under the name of arctica, White-Cambr., var. 
maritima, Kulcz. I have, since these were found, met with 
it in other Dorset localities, and have also received it from 
the North of England, Scotland, and Ireland, but in every 
instance the examples are strictly the var. maritima, and are 
wanting in those characters which I think may one day 
prove them to be distinct from E. arctica, White-Cambr. 

Epigone dentipalpis, Wid., Pi. B, Fig. 7. 

A generally distributed and abundant species. 



50 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Epigone promiseua, Cambr., Pi. B, Fig. 6. 

Widely distributed and not rare in some localities both in 
England and Scotland. Until very recently (when both 
sexes were sent to me by Mr. Ruskin Butterfield from St. 
Leonard's-on-Sea) I had not been able to identify the 
female. In several characters this sex is very similar to the 
females of other nearly-allied species. 

Erigone atra, Bl., PI. B., Fig. 8. 

Abundant and generally distributed in England and 
Scotland. 

Lophomma stativum, Sim., PI. A, Figs. 19, 20, 21. 

Lophomma stativum, Sim., Arachn. de France, V., 

p. 540. 

Both sexes, adult, were received from Mr. Ruskin Butter- 
field, by whom they were found at St. Leonard's-on-Sea in 
1904. It is a very distinct species, and this is its first 
British record. A description is added (postea, p. 64). 

Lophomma laudatum, Cambr., PL B, Fig. 9. 

Tapinocyba subcequalis, Cambr., "Proc." Dorset N.H. 

and A.F. Club, Vol. XXIV., p. 159. 

Lophomma laudatum is nearly allied to T. subccqualis, 
Cambr., but they may be distinguished by the hind-central 
eyes in L. laudatum, being nearer together than to the hind- 
laterals, and other slight differences, while the females also 
differ considerably in the form of the genital aperture. 
The spider recorded as Tapinocyba subccqualis, Cambr., I.e. 
supra, is certainly Lophomma laudatum, Cambr. 

Lophomma subaequale, Westr., PI. B, Fig. 10. 

Tapinocyba subaqualis, Westr.-Cambr., List of Brit. 

and Ir. Spid., 48. 

This spider is undoubtedly a Lophomma. (See observa- 
tions on the preceding species.) 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 51 

Enidia, F. P. Smith, Journ. Quekett Microscopical Club, Nov., 
1904, p. 115. 

This generic name is substituted for Dicyphus, Menge 
and other authors (pre-occupied by a genus of Hemiptera 
hderoptera, Feb., 1858). 

Diploeephalus Beekii, Cambr. 

An adult male, Rev. J. Bloom, Warwickshire. 

Enteleeapa Thorellii, Westr. 

Adults of both sexes, Dr. A. R. Jackson, Hexham. 

Entelecara omissa, Cambr. 

An adult male, near Weymouth, Rev. C. O. Pickard- 
Cambridge. 

Pocadienemis pumilus, Bl. 

Microneta nefaria, Cambr., female, Spid. G.B. and Ir., 

P- 35- 

I do not feel much doubt but that the female spider 
described (I.e. supra) is a variety of Pocadienemis pumilus, Bl. 

Styloctetor uncinus, sp. n., Pi. A, Figs. 22, 23, 24, 25. 

This spider is quite distinct from S. (Erigone) broccha, L. 
Koch, of which I possess German types from Dr. L. Koch. 
It is also, I think, distinct from S. broccha, L. Koch- 
Sim. (Arachn. de France, V., p. 739). What Mr. G. H. 
Carpenter's spider, described and figured as Eniehcara 
broccha, L. Koch (Natural Science, XII., May, 1898, p. 321, 
and "List of Spiders of Ireland," " Proc." of the Royal 
Irish Academy, 3rd Ser., Vol. V., No. i, pp. 165, 166), may 
be I cannot say, not having seen the specimen, but, 
judging from the figures given, it appears to be distinct 
from the spider described by M. Simon, as well as from the 
one now recorded ; and it is certainly, I think, not 
S, broccha, L. Koch. 



52 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

An adult of each sex was sent to me by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson, by whom they were found on the top of Scafell, 
Cumberland. A description is given postea p. 65. 

Troxoehrus hiemalis, Bl. 

Diplocephalus specwsus, Cambr. 

These two spiders are identical. Their hitherto supposed 
distinctness rested on an imperfect examination of the 
palpal organs of T. hiemalis, Bl. 

Cnephalocotes obscurus, Bl. 

An adult male, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, Ruskin Butterfield. 

Cnephalocotes interjectus, Cambr., PL B, Figs. 13, 14, 15. 
The female of this spider has not been before recorded, 
but an example, which I believe to be of this species, was 
sent to me from St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. Ruskin 
Butterfield. 

Cnephalocotes elegans, Cambr., Pi. B, Figs, n, 12. 

A spider which I believe to be the female of this species 
was sent to me by Mr. W. Falconer from near Huddersfield. 
This sex has not been before recorded. 

Cnephaloeotes eurtus, Sim. 

Adult males, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, Ruskin Butterfield. 

Cnephalocotes ambiguus, sp. n., Pi. B, Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19. 

Isle of Bute, Evans. (See description postea, p. 67.) 
Tapinocyba inseeta? L. Koch, Pi. B, Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23. 

? Erigone inseeta, L. Koch, Beitrag zur Keuntniss der 
Arachniden fauna Tirols Naturwissen- 
schaftliche Abtheilung, 1841, p. 187. 
Pices iocrcerus msec/us L. Koch- Sim., Arachn. de 

France, V., p. 774. 

Adults of both sexes were found by Dr. A. R. Jackson at 
Hexham. This is its first record as a British species. I 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 53 

am, however, not quite convinced of its identity with Dr. 
Koch's spider, though it is identical with the spider 
described by M. Simon under that name (Arachn. de Fr., 
p. 774). (See description postea, p. 68.) 

Panamomops bieuspis, Cambr. 

An adult male of this curious little spider was sent to me 
from St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. Ruskin Butterfield. 

Baryphyma pratensis, Bl. 

I have received this species from Dr. Jackson (Hexham), 
Mr. Ruskin Butterfield (St. Leonard's-on-Sea), and Dr. 
Carr (Nottingham). 

Wideria subita, Cambr. 

An adult female among spiders sent to me some years 
ago from N. Britain by the late Mr. Hardy. 

Wideria fug-ax, Cambr. 

An adult female, Huddersfield, Mr. W. Falconer, and an 
adult male, Dr. Carr, Sherwood Forest. 

Walekenaera nodosa, Cambr. 

An adult male, Hexham, Dr. Jackson. 

Walckenaera obtusa, Bl. 

An adult female among spiders collected for me some 
years ago, North Britain, J. Hardy. 

Walekenaera nudipalpis, Westr. 

An adult male, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, R. Butterfield. 

Walekenaera capito, Westr., Pi. B, Fig. 24. 

An adult female among spiders sent to me from Scotland 
many years ago by Mr. H. Traill, and another of the same 
sex from Scafell, Dr. A. R. Jackson. 

Cornieularia vigilax, Bl. 

Both sexes, adult, Dr. Jackson, Hexham. 



54 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISri ARACHNIDA. 

Fam. EPEIRIDJE. 

Cercidia prominens, Westr. 

St. Leonard's-on-Sea, R. Butterfield. 

Singa pygmsea, Sund. 

An adult male (var. anthracina, Bl.), Kirkby, Lancashire, 
Rev. J. H. Bloom 

Epeira triguttata, Fabr. 

Epeira signafa, BL, Spid. Great Brit, and Ireland, 

P- 33 2 - 

I feel no doubt but that Mr. Blackwall's Epeira signaia 
the type of which has been lost for many years is of this 
species. A variety of triguttata, not rare in some localities, 
agrees exactly with Mr. Blackwall's description. 

Fam. THOMISID^!. 

Xysticus bifasciatus, C. L. Koch. 

An adult male was found at Bloxworth in June, 1904, by 
Dr. A. R. Jackson. It is a rare spider in Dorsetshire. 
Dr. Jackson has also met with it at Hexham. 

Xysticus luetuosus, Bl. 

An adult female in Epping Forest, W. Falconer. 

Oxyptila simplex, Cambr. 

Abundant, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, R. Butterfield. 

Oxyptila sanetuaria, Cambr. 

An adult female, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, R. Butterfield. 

Philodromus rufus, Walck. 

Philodromus rufus, Walck.-Sim., Arachnides de 

France, Vol. II., p. 287. 
Philodromus Clarkii, Bl. -Cambr., Spid. G. B. and Ir., 

p. 63. 

Walckenaer's description of this spider was published in 
1825, that of Blackwall in 1849 or 1850. The former name 
(rufus\ therefore, has priority. 



t)tt NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNlbA. 55 

Fam. LYCOSID^:. 

Trochosa spinipalpis, F. O. P. Cambr. 

Both sexes, adult, Warmwell, Dr. A. R. Jackson. 

Troehosa postuma, sp. n., PI. B, Figs. 25, 26. 

An adult female among spiders collected for me many 
years ago at Balmoral by Col. A. F. Pickard, R.A. (See 
description postea, p. 70.) 

Lycosa agricola, Thor. 

Adult males, Kirkby, Lancashire, Rev. J. H. Bloom. 

Lyeosa herbigrada, Bl. 

Females, Hastings, F. P. Smith, and Hexham, Dr. A. R. 
Jackson. These are chiefly of a variety which in their 
pattern run very closely to Lycosa palustris, Linn. This 
variety also occurs on our Dorset heaths, but is not 
common. 

Fam, SALTICID^. 
Hasarius areuatus, C. L. Koch. 

Adult males, Hastings and Wicken Fen, F. P. Smith. 

Hasarius Andansonii, Sav. 

An adult male in a greenhouse, Seaton Mersey, Lan- 
cashire, Rev. J. H. Bloom. 

ORDER PHALANGIDEA. 

Selerosoma quadridentatum, Cuvier. 

St. Leonard's-on-Sea(Ruskin Butterfield), and Warmwell, 
Dorset (Dr. A. R. Jackson). 

Selerosoma Romanum, L. Koch. 
Warmwell, Dr. A. R. Jackson. 



56 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACtiNIDA. 

Oligolophus Meadii, Cambr. 

St. Leonard's-on-Sea, Ruskin Butterfield. This is only 
its second recorded occurrence. 

Oligolophus Hansenii, Kraepl. 

Nottinghamshire, under old boards, &c., in meadows 
(Dr. Carr). This is its first record in England, previous 
examples having been found in Scotland. 

ORDER CHERNETIDEA (FALSE SCORPIONS). 

Obisium maritimum, Leach. 

Examples of this species were sent to me from Port Erin 
Bay, Isle of Man, by Dr. A. D. Timms, of the Zoological 
Laboratory University of Birmingham. They were found 
in crevices of rocks below high water mark. This is only 
the second record since the days of Dr. Leach. 

Cherries eyrneus, L. Koch, PI. B, Figs. 27, 28. 

Chelifer eyrneus, L. Koch-Sim., Arachn. de France, VII., 

p. 36. 

This species, new to Britain, was sent to me from 
Leicester by Dr. A. R. Jackson. 

Cherries phaleratus, Sim. 

Found among stable refuse at Hagenham, Essex, and 
sent to me by Mr. H. Wallis Kew. 

Cherries rufeolus, Sim., PI. B, Figs. 29, 30. 

Chernes rufeolus, Sim., Arachn. de France, VI., p. 41. 
Found at the Holborn Granary, London, and sent to me 
by Mr. H. Donisthorpe. New to Britain. 

ORDER ACARIDEA. 
Fam. GAMASID/E. 

Glyphopsis Bostoeki, Michael. 

A rare species, found in nest of Lasius flavus, Suffolk, sent 
to me bv Mr. Claude Morlev. 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNlDA. 57 

NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME OF THE SPECIES 
IN THE FOREGOING LlST. 



Phaeoeedus parvus, sp. n. PI. A, Fig. i. 

Adult female, length 2.5 mm. (i lines). 

Cephalothorax much longer than broad, narrow and rounded 
in front, truncated behind ; lateral impressions at caput slight ; 
upper side convex, but rather flattened. Colour dull yellowish- 
brown, and covered thinly with rather long dark hairs. 

Eyes in two transverse rows, the posterior row rather the 
longest and nearly straight, convexity of curve directed back- 
wards, the hind-central pair largest of the eight, near together, 
but not contiguous, somewhat oval, or sub-triangular, oblique, 
their small ends directed backwards, and very nearly the same 
interval between these ends as between the larger ends and the 
lateral eyes. The anterior row shortest, very slightly curved, 
and apparently in the same direction as the posterior. The eyes 
almost contiguous, the fore-centrals a little wider apart, smallest, 
and separated from the hind-centrals by nearly a diameter, 
height of clypeus rather less than the diameter of one of the 
fore-central eyes ; all the eyes pearly-white, excepting the fore- 
centrals. 

Legs short, strong, 4, i, 2, 3. No spines beneath those of the 
first and second pairs, but all furnished with long coarse hairs, 
two longish spines on the upper sides of the two first femora. 
Colour like that of the cephalothorax ; the under sides, as also 
the sternum, yellow. The maxilla andfalces yellow- brown. 

Abdomen elongate-oval, of a dull yellowish-hue, with a series 
of indistinct curvilinear dark-brown angular lines on the hinder 
half of the upper side, and clothed with long coarse hairs. Just 
beneath the fore extremity of the upper side are a number of 
long cylindrical curved hairs, upturned, and of a spinous 
character. The genital aperture is characteristic. Spinners not 
very long ; inferior pair longest and stoutest. A single example 



58 OK NEW AK T b RARE hRltlSH ARACHNIDA. 

from Mr. Newbery, found among the contents of a returned 
package to London from India, and so may possibly be exotic. 



Agroeea ehrysea, C. L. Koch. 

Immature female, length ij lines. 

In general form, markings, and appearance this spider is 
much like some other nearly allied species, but its colouring is 
brighter, the abdomen being of a bright red-brown hue, clothed 
with short hairs, reflecting in a bright light strongish iridescent 
hues. The normal pattern is obscure, but some yellowish spots 
forming a somewhat quadrangular figure are more distinct near 
the middle of the upper side. The cephalothorax has an 
indistinct lateral sub-marginal border rather paler than the 
rest, but no longitudinal central stripe, or band. 

The legs are without annuli and of a pale yellowish-brown 
hue. The tibiae of the first and second pairs are suffused with 
reddish-brown, and apparently covered with minute, pale, hair- 
bearing tubercles. Beneath the tibiae are two pairs, and beneath 
the metatarsi three pairs of long adpressed spines. 

Although not adult, I feel very little doubt about this spider 
being A. ehrysea, C. L. Koch, as it agrees very closely with 
Continental examples in my possession. It was sent to me in 
1904 from St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. Ruskin Butterfield, and 
has not been hitherto recorded as a British species. 

THERIDIIDJE. 
Laseola dissimilis, sp. n. PI. A, Figs. 6, 7, 8. 

Adult male, length just over i line. 

The profile of the cephalothorax forms an even and very 
slightly curved line from the hinder extremity to the ocular area, 
which curves over more sharply to the clypeus. This is very 
high and much impressed at the upper side, but prominent and 
with a curved outline below. The colour of the cephalothorax 



OX NEW AND RARE BRITtSH ARACtlNIDA. 59 

is a dull yellow-brown, the ocular area suffused with black, and, 
as well as the upper part of the clypeus, furnished with numerous 
bristly hairs, those on the clypeus just below the ocular area 
upturned. 

The Eyes are rather large and occupy the whole of the fore 
extremity of the caput. The posterior row is very nearly 
straight ; its very slight curve has its convexity directed forward ; 
the hind-central pair are separated by a diameter's interval from 
each other and by at least one and a-half diameters from the 
laterals. The fore-centrals are wide apart on somewhat tuber- 
cular prominences, and with the hind-centrals form a quadrangle, 
whose fore-side is much longer than the hinder one. 

Fakes, maxillcc, labium, and sternum are yellow-brown. 

Legs, moderately long, i, 4, 2, 3, furnished with hairs only, 
and of a pale-yellow hue. 

Palpi similar in colour to the legs, short, the cubital joint 
much rounded, or nodiform above, the radial short, broad, and 
spreading, in a somewhat mushroom form. The digital joint is 
very large, obtuse, oval ; the palpal organs simple. 

Abdomen short oval, very convex above, and projecting over 
the base of the cephalothorax. Colour dull black, and clothed 
thinly with coarse hairs. 

A single example of this species, which differs from all the 
others of the genus known to me, was found under a piece of 
rock near Pennsylvania Castle, Portland, in June, 1904, by Dr. 
A. Randall Jackson. 

Tmeticus firmus, sp. n. PI. A, Figs. i3A, 138, 130. 

Adult male, length i line ; adult female, length i line. 

Cephalothorax, short, rounded in front, a little longer than 
broad ; upper convexity uniform ; height of clypeus consider- 
ably exceeds half that of the ocular area. Lateral marginal 
impressions at the caput scarcely perceptible. Colour pale dull 
yellow tinged with brown, and a few coarse hairs among the 
eves. 



60 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Eyes sub-equal, rather closely grouped, in the normal position. 
The posterior row straight, or as nearly as possible ; the two 
centrals rather further from each other than from the laterals, 
the fore-centrals almost contiguous to each other, and the 
smallest of the eight. The four central eyes form a square, 
whose fore-side is much the shortest ; all are pearly-white, 
excepting the fore-central pair, which are suffused with 
blackish. 

Legs moderately long, rather slender, i, 4, 2, 3, furnished with 
hairs and one or two slender spines, with some fine bristles on 
the tibiae of the first and second pairs. Colour pale yellow. 

Palpi similar to the legs in colour, moderately long. Cubital 
and radial joints about equal in length, the latter rounded and 
spreading at the fore-margin, which is furnished with a row of 
coarse bristly hairs ; digital joint large, with a rather prominent 
sub-conical lobe at its base on the outer side, and another 
about the middle of the outer side, larger and prominent. The 
digital joint is furnished with coarse prominent bristles, 
especially at the base and fore-extremity. The palpal organs 
are highly developed, complex and prominent, with the whole 
of their outer side behind encircled by a strongly-curved 
corneous, somewhat trough-like, process, whose upturned 
extremity is bifid. 

The Fakes, maxillce, labium, and sternum are normal and of a 
dull pale yellow colour, like the cephalothorax. 

The abdomen is oval, of a yellow-brown colour, thinly 
furnished with hairs, some of which on the upper side in front 
are long and of a bristly nature. 

The colours above given of the male are probably too pale 
(having become obliterated in spirit of wine), as the female is 
altogether darker, and in this latter sex the posterior row of eyes 
appears to be slightly curved, the convexity of the curve directed 
forwards, and all the eyes are margined strongly with black. 
The genital process is large and of a sub-triangular form, the 
apex of the triangle directed backwards. It appears to be 
composed of two corneous plates superimposed upon each other, 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 6 1 

and in a transverse line near its base are two more or less 
conspicuous dusky blackish round spots. 

Adults of both sexes of this very distinct spider were sent to 
me from Hexham by Dr. A. R. Jackson in January, 1904, 
females having been before received from Mr. W. Falconer, 
Huddersfield (July 8th, 1903). 

Tmeticus rivalis, sp. n. Pi. A, Figs. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. 

Adult male, length rather less than i line ; adult female, 
i line. 

The cephalothorax is yellow-brown, short, broad, about equal 
in length and breadth, or slightly longer than broad, well 
rounded in front ; lateral marginal impressions scarcely 
perceptible, upper convexity uniform. Height of clypeus half 
that of the facial space. 

Eyes sub-equal and of tolerable size, rather closely grouped, 
and occupying nearly the whole width of the fore part of the 
caput. The hinder row has its very slight curve directed 
backwards, that of the front row forward. The hind-centrals 
are about a diameter's interval apart, but rather further from 
each other than from the hind-laterals. Those of the anterior 
row are almost contiguous to each other. The fore-central eyes 
are a little the smallest. The four centrals form a square, whose 
fore-side is shortest. 

The legs were much damaged, but appeared to be moderately 
long; their relative length, 4, i, 2, 3, of a pale yellow-brown 
colour, and furnished with hairs. 

Palpi rather short ; the radial is stronger than the cubital 
joint, its fore extremity very slightly produced, and beneath the 
fore-margin are two small projecting points, giving it a some- 
what emarginate appearance, the point on the inner side being 
the strongest, and behind the joint are several strong bristly 
hairs. The digital joint is large, obtuse-oval, with a large lobe 
on its outer side, and the palpal organs are well developed 
and complex. There is a strong curved C-shaped process 



6z ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

(paracymbium) at their base on the outer side and several 
irregular black spiny projections at their extremity. 

The maxilla, fakes, and labium are yellow-brown, the sternum 
suffused with dusky blackish. 

Abdomen oval, of a dark, dull blackish-brown colour, showing, 
in spirits of wine, many pale irregular lines, and clothed thinly 
with hairs. 

The female has the cephalothorax longer in proportion to its 
breadth than the male, but resembles it in colour. The genital 
aperture is characteristic, and has a somewhat sub-triangular 
process, whose apex is directed backwards. 

Although I have here included this species in the genus 
Tmeticus, I suspect that its ultimate place will be found among 
the nearly allied Micronetas, a group furnishing the closest 
resemblances among its numerous forms, and consequently 
giving great difficulty in allocating them rightly. Examples of 
both sexes were sent to me by Dr. A. R. Jackson from Stafford- 
shire in October, 1902, and the female by Mr. W. Falconer in 
January, 1904. 

Tmeticus similis, Kulcz. PI. A, Figs. 12, 13. 

Centromerus similis, Kulzcynski, Aranese Hungarise, torn. II., 
Part I., p. 82, PL III., Fig. 25. 

Adult female, length i line. 

Cephalothorax rather longer than broad, oval, rounded in 
front ; lateral marginal impressions at the caput moderately 
strong ; height of clypeus rather exceeds half that of the facial 
space. Colour yellow, tinged with brown and narrowly margined 
with black. 

Eyes rather large, sub-equal, pearly-white with black margins, 
the fore-centrals smallest ; posterior row curved, the convexity of 
the curve directed backwards, the hind-centrals separated by 
less than a diameter's interval, but rather further from each 
other than from the hind-laterals. The front row has a very 
slight curve, whose convexity is also directed backwards. The 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 63 

eyes of this row are very close together, but not contiguous to 
each other. 

Legs moderate in length and strength, 4, i, 2, 3, furnished 
with hairs, bristles, and a few of a spinous nature. Colour like 
that of the cephalothorax. 

Palpi like the legs in colour, the bristle at the fore extremity 
of the cubital joint short, tapering. 

Fakes and maxilla similar to the cephalothorax in colour, 
labium and sternum darker yellow-brown. 

Abdomen oval, dark brown, clothed, but not thickly, with 
short hairs, genital aperture and process very characteristic. 
An example of this spider was sent to me some years ago, 
among others, from Balmoral by my cousin, the late Col. 
Pickard, R.A. It agrees with the figure and description given 
by Prof. Kulczynski (I.e. supra), and I believe it to be of the 
same species. This is its first record in Great Britain. 

Tmeticus commodus, sp. n. PI. A, Figs. 9, 10, u. 

Adult female, length rather over \\ lines. 

Cephalothorax much longer than broad, oblong, rounded in 
front ; lateral marginal impressions at caput distinct, but not 
strong ; height of clypeus equal to half that of the facial space ; 
colour yellow-brown, the normal grooves indicated by a darker 
hue. 

Eyes sub-equal, width of ocular area from side to side at least 
double the length (from back to front). Posterior row straight, 
its eyes equally separated by rather more than an eye's diameter; 
anterior row curved, the convexity of the curve directed forwards. 
The fore-central eyes are smallest, but not very small, near 
together, but not contiguous, and each is as widely separated 
from its lateral eye as the eyes of the posterior row are from 
each other. The four central eyes form a quadrangle, whose 
anterior side is much the shortest. 

Legs rather short, slender, 4, i, 2, 3, furnished with coarse 
hairs and bristles ; two longitudinal parallel rows of bristly hairs 



64 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

on the fore side of the femora of the first three pairs. Colour 
pale yellow-brown. 

Palpi similar to the legs in colour ; the ordinary bristle from 
the fore extremity on the upper side of the cubital joint, long 
straight, tapering, and almost of a spinous nature ; numerous 
hairs and bristles at the extremity of the digital joint, and some 
of them spinous. 

Falces, maxilloB, labium, and sternum dark yellow. 

Abdomen oblong-oval, thinly clothed with short hairs, and of a 
dull yellowish-brown colour no doubt much faded. Genital 
aperture and process very characteristic. (See PI. A, Fig. 1 1). 

A single example, Suffolk, Mr. C. Morley. 

Lophomma stativum, Sim. Pi. A, Figs. 19, 20, 21. 

Adult male, length i line ; length of female rather over i line. 

Cephalothorax nearly as long as broad, fore part much the 
narrowest and rounded, hinder extremity truncate. Lateral 
marginal impressions slight, upper convexity moderate and 
even ; the height of the clypeus exceeds half that of the facial 
space, and it is rather prominent at its lower margin, but 
impressed above. Colour deep brown. 

Eyes sub-equal. Those of the posterior row form a straight 
line ; the interval between the hind-centrals considerably 
exceeds an eye's diameter, and is rather greater than that 
between each and the hind-lateral next to it. The four centrals 
form nearly a square. 

Legs rather short, 4, i, 2, 3, furnished with hairs only. Colour 
bright reddish-orange. 

Palpi short, colour dull yellow-brown to dark brown, furnished 
with coarse hairs ; radial joint slightly shorter, but stronger than 
the cubital, and spreading at its fore extremity. The outer side 
of the radial joint is produced at its fore extremity into a strong 
apophysis, rather less in length than the joint itself, slightly 
curved, and its end broad and rounded. The digital joint is 
rather large, somewhat roundish, with its posterior extremity a 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 65 

little produced and truncated. The palpal organs are prominent 
and well developed ; at their fore extremity is a strong black 
circularly-curved spine, and at their base on the outer side is a 
strong curved corneous process (paracymbium). 

Fakes long, moderately strong, straight, and of a dark 
yellowish-brown colour. 

Maxilla and labium like the falces in colour. 

Sternum as broad as long, heart-shaped, broadly and obtusely 
pointed behind, between the coxae of the fourth pair of legs. 

Abdomen short, oval, jet black, very shiny, and clothed with 
hairs. 

The female resembles the male in general character and 
colours. The form of the genital aperture is characteristic, but 
much resembles that of Gongylidium retusum, Westr. 

Both sexes were found at St. Leonard's-on-Sea by Mr. Ruskin 
Butterfield under the debris of grass and herbage, but nearly all 
were immature. 

Styloetetor uhcinus, sp. n. PL A, Figs. 22, 23, 24, 25. 

Adult male, length i line. 

Cephalothorax oval, narrowest in front, rounded both in front 
and behind ; lateral marginal impressions at caput obsolete ; 
height of clypeus exceeds half that of the facial space, and 
projects a little forwards to its lower margin. From the middle 
of the upper part of the clypeus and from the ocular area spring 
some upturned coarse bristly hairs. Upper convexity of cephalo- 
thorax even, only a very slight depression in profile at the 
junction of caput and thorax. Colour dull greenish-yellow 
black-brown. The normal grooves and indentations indicated 
by obscure darker lines and irregular markings. 

Eyes sub-equal ; fore-central pair much the smallest. The 
width of the ocular area is nearly about double its length from 
back to front ; posterior row of eyes curved, the convexity of the 
curve directed backwards, the interval between the hind-centrals 
rather more than an eye's diameter, and distinctly greater than 



66 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

that between them and the hind-laterals. The anterior row has 
the convexity of its slight curve directed forward. The fore- 
centrals are separated by less than half an eye's diameter from 
each other and by a diameter from the fore-laterals. Each 
lateral pair is seated on a rather strong tubercle, the fore-laterals 
being the -largest. The four central eyes form a quadrangle 
whose anterior side is much the shortest, but its length rather 
greater than its width behind. 

The Legs are moderately long, 4, 1,2, 3, similar in colour to 
the cephalothorax, and furnished with hairs and a very few 
bristles. The coxae of the fourth pair are specially furnished for 
stridulating purposes, described further on. 

The palpi are short, similar to the legs in colour. Cubital 
and radial joints about equal in length, the radial much the 
strongest and enlarged at its fore extremity, produced on its 
inner side into a strong, curved, rather hooked tapering 
apophysis, whose point is directed outwards. On the outer side 
of the radial joint are some strongish bristly hairs of different 
lengths ; digital joint of moderate size, short, oval, furnished 
with hairs, the strongest of which are at the extremity. Palpal 
organs prominent and complex. 

Fakes moderately strong, divergent at their extremities. 
Colour like that of the cephalothorax. 

Maxillae, labium, and sternum suffused with blackish-brown. 

Abdomen short, oval, black, thinly covered with very short 
hairs. The spiracular plates form a strong convexity, trans- 
versely rugulose, their surface apparently broken up into a kind 
of network of slight chitinous edges. A sharp corneous point at 
the inner side of the fore "extremity of the coxae of the fourth 
pair of legs is in a position to act upon the chitinous edges, and 
no doubt, as has been conjectured, furnishes a stridulating 
apparatus, probably used for the purpose of sexual attraction. 
This apparatus occurs in both sexes ; but the corneous point on 
the coxae is less sharp in the female. 

Female similar to the male in size and colour and other 
general characters. On the upper side of the abdomen some 



OX NEW AND RARE BRITISH AKACHNIDA. 67 

whitish spots are visible (in spirit of wine) on the fore half of 
the upper side. The genital aperture is small, but of character- 
istic form. 

An adult of each sex found on Scafell Pike, Cumberland, by 
Dr. A. R. Jackson. 

This spider is quite distinct from S. broccha, L. Koch, of 
which I have Dr. Koch's types. It is also, I believe, different 
from 6". broccha, L. K.-Sim., Arach. de France, V., p. 739. 
Whether it is the same species as that described and figured 
from Ireland by Mr. G. H. Carpenter as S. broccha, L. K., I 
cannot say, as I have not seen Mr. Carpenter's examples ; but, 
judging from his figures, it would seem to be distinct. 

Cnephaloeotes ambiguus, sp. n. Pi. B., Figs. 1 6, 17, 1 8, 19. 

Adult male, length f of a line = i-i6th of an inch. 

Cephalo thorax short, broad, nearly as broad as long, rounded 
in front ; lateral marginal impression at the caput very slight ; 
height of clypeus, which is rounded and a little prominent, 
slightly exceeds half that of the facial space, and its lower 
margin, looked at from above, has a slightly pointed form in the 
middle. Caput rather large, and its profile convex behind the 
eyes, but no distinct elevation. The ocular area, a portion of 
the occiput, and the clypeus are roughened or covered with 
minute granulosities and short hairs ; colour deep brown. There 
is no longitudinal indentation backwards from near the hind- 
lateral eyes. 

Eyes unequal in size, occupying the whole of the broad fore 
part of the caput. The posterior row is much curved, the 
convexity of the curve directed backwards, and the anterior row 
very slighty curved in the same direction. The interval between 
the hind-centrals exceeds an eye's diameter, but is rather less 
than that which separates them from the hind-laterals. The 
lateral pairs, which are the largest, are each seated on a strong 
tubercular prominence. The fore-centrals are smallest, and are 
divided by an eye's diameter from each other, but by a diameter 



68 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

and a-half from the fore-laterals. The fore-central eyes form a 
quadrangle longer than broad, and its fore-side much the shortest. 

Legs short, rather strong, 4, i, 2, 3 ; colour yellow-brown, 
furnished with hairs only. 

Palpi short (excepting the digital joints, which are dark- 
brown), similar to the legs in colour. Cubital and radial joints 
about equal in length ; the radial is strong, broad, and of a 
spreading or somewhat mushroom shape ; near the outer side 
at its fore extremity is a small spine-like tapering, somewhat 
sinuous, apophysis, its fore extremity drawn out into a fine 
hair-like point. The digital joint is large and sub-conically 
prominent on the inner side. Palpal organs prominent and 
highly developed. A long very prominent circularly-curved 
black tapering spine issues from near the base on the outer side 
of a large prominent corneous process, and has its filiform point 
in a kind of coil beyond the extremity of the palpal organs on 
their inner side. Just in front of the base of this long black 
spine there issues forwards, from within a strong hollow 
corneous process, a tolerably long, slightly curved, black 
pointed spine, directed forwards and inwards beneath the fore 
extremity of the digital joint. 

Fakes, maxilla, and labium dark yellowish-brown. 

Sternum as broad, or broader, than long, very convex, and of 
a shining black-brown colour. 

Abdomen short, oval, black, and covered with short hairs. 

An adult male of this spider was found by Mr. W. Evans in 
the Isle of Bute some years ago, and was mistaken for a closely- 
allied species Cnephalocotes curtus, Sim. 

Tapinoeyba insecta? L. Koch. Pi. B, Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23. 

? Erigone insecta, L. Koch, Beitr. z. Kenntniss der Arachniden 

fauna Tirols Naturwissenschaftliche Abtheilung, 1868, II., p. 187. 

Plcesiocrcerus insectus, L. Koch-Sim., Arachn. de France, V., 

P- 774- 
Adult male, length i line ; adult female i line. 



Ofr NEW ANt) RARE BRITISH ARACHNID A. 69 

Cephalothorax longer than broad, uniformly convex above, no 
distinct elevation of the caput ; lateral marginal impressions at 
caput scarcely perceptible ; height of clypeus rather less than 
half that of the facial space. Colour yellow-brown. From near 
behind each hind-lateral eye, and between it and the hind- 
central, a long slightly-curved and a little-divergent tapering 
indentation runs backwards, the extremities slightly converging. 

Eyes of moderate size, sub-equal, and occupying a consider- 
able area. Posterior row very strongly curved, the convexity of 
the curve directed backwards ; hind-centrals about a diameter's 
interval apart, but nearly three times that distance from the 
hind-laterals. Anterior row very slightly curved, its convexity 
directed forwards. The fore-centrals are very near to each 
other, but not contiguous, and about a diameter's distance from 
the fore-laterals. The length of the central quadrangle is 
double the breadth, and its fore-side is shortest. 

Legs moderately long, sub-equal, 4, 1,2, 3, of a yellow-brown 
colour, and furnished with hairs only. 

Palpi moderate in length, of a pale yellow-brown hue. The 
radial and digital joints dark yellow-brown. The radial is a 
little shorter than the cubital joint and much stronger, very 
broad and spreading in front and on the sides, its anterior 
margin very strongly emarginate, leaving two strong cusps, that 
on the outer side shortest, strongest, and blunt-angularly 
pointed, the inner one a little longer, less strong, tapering, and 
curved, its obtuse point directed outwards. Palpal organs well 
developed, but not very complex. A large somewhat circular 
pale corneous bulb projects on their outer side, and one or two 
small black spiny processes at their anterior extremity. 

Fakes, maxilla, labium, and sternum yellow brown. 

Abdomen short-oval ; dark yellow-brown ; clothed thinly with 
fine hairs. 

The female resembles the male in general character and colour, 
but the eyes of the posterior row are nearly equally separated 
from each other. The genital aperture is of very simple but 
characteristic form. (See Fig. 23, PL B.) 



70 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 

Adults of both sexes were found at Hexham by Dr. A. R. 
Jackson. They are identical with the spider described and 
figured by M. Simon, I.e., of which I have an example received 
in 1872 from M. Simon ; but whether they are identical with 
Dr. L. Koch's species does not seem to me quite certain. The 
type of the latter (if still in existence) may be in the Imperial 
Museum at Vienna, and, so far as I am aware, no other 
authentic example has ever yet been recorded. The spider I 
have described now certainly does not very well accord with 
drawings of his type sent to me by Dr. L. Koch in 1869. 

Trochosa postuma, sp. n. PI. B., Fig. 25. 

Adult female, length ^\ lines. 

Cephalothorax oval ; lateral marginal impressions at the caput 
slight. Colour yellow-brown with two longitudinal lateral 
darker bands, formed by patches indicating the normal thoracic 
indentations, and leaving between them a central pale yellow- 
brown stripe, tapering to its hinder extremity ; there is also a 
narrow sub-marginal brownish stripe and a blackish marginal 
line. 

Eyes normal. The four posterior eyes form nearly a square, 
whose fore side is shortest. The anterior pair of these eyes are 
largest, and are separated by rather more than a diameter's 
interval. The four small anterior eyes form a slightly curved 
line ; rather shorter than the two largest above them and the 
convexity of the curve directed forwards ; the two centrals are 
the largest, and separated from each other by an eye's diameter, 
or less than that which separates them from the lateral. 

The legs are of moderate length, 4, 1,2,3; colour pale yellow- 
brown ; the femora indistinctly annulated with darker brown. 

The palpi are similar to the legs in colour. 

The maxillae, labium, and sternum yellow-brown. 

Abdomen shrunken, deposition of ova having evidently taken 
place ; its colour is dull yellow-brown, with faint indications of 
the ordinary Lycosid markings. The genital aperture is of 



ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNlDA. 71 

moderate size and of characteristic form. Although the colours 
and pattern of this spider had become much obliterated, I am 
induced to describe it, as the form of the genital aperture 
appears to be sufficient to determine it. A single example sent 
to me from Balmoral many years ago by the late Colonel 
Pickard, R.A. 



LIST OF GENERA AND SPECIES ABOVE NOTED 
AND DESCRIBED. 

ARANEIDEA. 

Drassus pubescens, Thor. p. 42. 

Phaeocedus parvus, sp. n. p. 43. PI. A. Figs, i, 2, 3. 

Prosthesima rustica, L. Koch p. 43. PI. B. Fig. i. 

Zora nemoralis, Bl. p. 43. 

Agroeca celans, Bl. p. 43. 

,, celer, Cambr. p. 43. 

,,. striata, Kulcz. p. 43. 

,, chrysea, C. L. Koch p. 43. 

Protadia patula, Sim. p. 44. 

,, subnigra, Cambr. p. 44. 

Cryphceca diversa, Cambr. p. 44. 

Agelena longipes, Carpenter p. 44. PI. A. Figs. 4, 5. 

Coelotes terrestris, Wid. p. 44. 

Hahnia helveola, Sim. p. 45. 

Episinus truncatus, Walck. p. 45. 

Theridion impressum, L. Koch p. 45. 

Onesinda minutissima, Cambr. p. 45. PI. B. Fig. 2. 
Lithyphantes corollatus, C. L. 

Koch p. 45. 

Laseola coracina, C. L. Koch p. 45. 

,, dissimilis, sp. n. p. 45. PI- A. Figs. 6, 7, 8. 



72 ON NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHtflDA. 

Enoplognatha thoracica, Hahn. p. 46. 

Robertus neglectus, Cambr. p. 46. 

Leptyphantes minutus, Bl. p. 46. 

Bathyphantes pullatus, Cambr. p. 46. 
setiger, F. O P. 

Cambr. p. 47. 

Tmeticus arcanus, Cambr. p. 47. 

,, firmus, sp. n. p. 47. PI. A. Figs. i3A, 

i3R, 130. 

,, rivalis, sp. n. p. 47. PI. A. Figs. 14, 15, 

16, 17, 18. 

,, similis, Kulcz. p. 47. PI. A. Figs. 12, 13. 

commodus, sp. n. p. 47. PI. A. Figs. 9, 10, 

1 1. 

,, reprobus, Cambr. p. 47. 

,, Huthwaitii, Cambr. p. 47. 

Sintula fausta, Cambr. p. 48. PI. B. Fig. 3. 

Syedra pholcommoides, Cambr. p. 48. 

Gongylidium retusum, Westr. p. 48. 

Tiso vagans, Bl. p. 48. 

Erigone longipalpis, Sund. p. 48. PI. B. Fig. 4. 

,, arctica, White-Cambr. p. 49. PI. B. Fig. 5. 

,, dentipalpis, Wid. p. 49. PL B. Fig. 7. 

promiscua. Cambr. p. 50. PI. B. Fig. 6. 

atra, Bl. p. 50. PI. B. Fig. 8. 

Lophomma stativum, Sim. p. 50. PI. A. Figs. 19, 20, 

21. 

,, laudatum, Cambr. p. 50. PI. B. Fig. 9. 

,, subaequale, Westr. p. 50. PI. B. Fig. 10. 
Enidia, F. P. Smith (gen. substi- 
tuted for Dicyphns, 

Menge, preoccupied) p. 51. 

Diplocephalus Beckii, Cambr. p. 51. 

Entelecara Thorellii, Westr. p. 51. 

,, omissa, Cambr. p. 51. 

Pocadicnemis pumilus, Bl. p. 51. 



Ott NEW AND RARE BRITISH ARACHNIt)A. 73 

Styloctetor uncinus, sp. n. p. 51. PI. A. Figs. 22, 23, 

24, 25. 

Troxochrus hiemalis, Bl. p. 52. 

Cnephalocotes obscurus, Bl. p. 52. 

interjectus, Cambr. p. 52. PL B. Figs. 13, 14, 

1 S- 

,, elegans, Cambr. p. 52. P3. B. Figs, n, 12. 

,, curtus, Sim. p. 52. 

ambiguus, sp. n. p. 52. PI. B. Figs. 16, 17, 

18, 19. 

Tapinocyba insecta, L. Koch p. 52. PI. B. Figs. 20, 21, 

22, 23. 

Panamomops bicuspis, Cambr. p. 53. 

Baryphyma pratensis, Bl. p. 53. 

Wideria subita, Cambr. p. 53. 

,, fugax, Cambr. p. 53. 

Walckenaera nodosa, Cambr. p. 53. 

,, obtusa, Bl. p. 53. 

,, nudipalpis, Westr. p. 53. 

,, capito, Westr. p. 53. PI. B. Fig. 24. 

Cornicularia vigilax, Bl. p. 53. 

Cercidia prominens, Westr. p. 54. 

Singa pygmaea, Sund. . p. 54. 

Epeira triguttata, Fabr. p. 54. 

Xysticus bifasciatus, C. L. Koch p. 54. 

,, luctuosus, Bl. p. 54. 

Oxyptila simplex, Cambr. p. 54. 

,, sanctuaria, Cambr. p. 54. 

Philodromus rufus, Walck. p. 54. 

Trochosa spinipalpis, F. O. P. 

Cambr. p. 55. 

postuma, sp. n. p. 55. PI. B. Figs. 25, 26. 

Lycosa agricola, Thor. p. 55. 

herbigrada, Bl. p. 55. 

Hasarius arcuatus, C. L. Koch p. 55. 

Adausonii, Sav. p. 55. 



74 ON NEW AND kARE BRITISH ARACHNIDA. 
PHALANGIDEA. 

Sclerosomaquadridentatum.Cuvier p. 55. 

,, Romanum, L. Koch p. 55. 

Oligolophus Meadii, Cambr. p. 56. 

,, Hansenii, Kraepl. p. 56. 

CHERNETIDEA. 

Obisium maritimum, Leach p. 56. 

Chernes cyrneus, L. Koch p. 56. PI. B. Figs. 27, 28. 

,, phaleratus, Sim. p. 56. 

rufeolus, Sim. . P-5&- PI. B. Figs. 29, 30. 

ACARIDEA. 
Glyphopsis Bostocki Michael p. 56. 



For synonyms and other information upon the Arachnida 
included above see 

ARANEIDEA Spid. Dors., 1881, and Papers subsequently 
published in the Proc. Dors. N.H. and A.F. Club, 1882- 
1903. Also List of Brit, and Irish Spiders, 1900. 

PHALANGIDEA See Monograph of British Phalangidea, Proc. 
Dors. N.H. and A.F. Club, Vol. XL, 1890. 

CHERNETIDEA See Monograph on the British Species of 
Chernetidea or False Scorpions, I.e., Vol. XIII., 1892. 



"gffcmts. 



By the Rev. E. F. LINTON, M.A. 




JTJHE second edition of the Flora of Dorset was issued 
in 1895, an d consequently some ten years have 
elapsed since its issue, and it seems a fitting time 
to put on record such additional species and 
varieties as have since been observed in the 
county, and such localities of rarer plants as help 
to fill a gap in one or other of the districts. The 
seven districts into which the county was divided 
by the late J. C. Mansel-Pleydell, Esq., for the 
purposes of the Flora were lettered from A to G ; G, for 
instance, denoting the Isle of Purbeck ; F, the Stour watershed 
below Shillingstone ; E, that part of it in the county above 
Shillingstone ; and so on. These letters I have introduced in 
this paper for easy reference to and comparison with the Flora 
of Dorset. The nomenclature is that of the London Catalogue, 
Ed. IX. ; and, where it differs from that of the Flora, the 
synonym used in the latter is added in a bracket. 

Myosurus minimus, L. F. A little S. of Wimborne ; Edmond- 
sham. 



76 bOfcSEt PLANTS. 

Ranunculus Lingua, L. F. Cowgrove, Wimborne. R. arvensis, 
L. E. Twiford, Compton Abbas. 

Helleborus viridis, L. D. Reported to me from Bloxworth by 
the Rev. O. Pickard Cambridge. F. Fdmondsham. The 
locality, " near Iwerne," should stand in the name of Mrs. 
Acton, the finder, who told me of it, and I passed it on to the 
Rev. R. P. Murray. H. fcelidus, L. F. Ranston Wood, near a 
gamekeeper's cottage, and suspected of being introduced. 

Aquilegia vulgaris, L. F. Hod Hill ; Okeford Hill. 

Papaver dubium, L. var. Lecoqii, Lamotte. E. Twiford. 

F. Iwerne Minster. 

Chelidonium majus, L. E. On a wall, Compton Abbas ; a very 
hispid form, perhaps due to dry situation. Locally called 
" Sollomtyne" (Cranborne). 

Fumaria densiflora, DC. D. Mouth of Lytchett Bay, specimen 
from L. V. Garland- Lester. 

Cheiranihus Cheiri, L. C. Walls, Dorchester. 

Arabis hirsuta, Scop. (A. sagittala, DC.). E. Compton 
Abbas. F. Hod Hill. A. perfoliata, Lam. A. " Plenty near 
Bridport in Dorset," Notes on Drawings for English Botany in 
Journ. Bot., 1903, Suppl., p. 19. F. A specimen from Consti- 
tution Hill, Parkstone, was shown me by A. E, Hudson. 

Nasturtium silvesire, R. Br. F. A very narrow-leaved form, 
probably of foreign extraction, occurred in 1893 on ground 
where refuse may have been thrown, by Durweston Mill. 

Alyssum calycinum, L. F. Kinson ; near Badbury Rings. 
Very scarce in both stations. A. maritimum, L. F. With 
rubbish on the shore near Parkstone. 

Cochlearia danica, L. F. Near the shore N. and E. of Poole. 

Sisymbrium Sophia, L. F. By the Mill, Durweston. Intro- 
duced ? 

Coronopus didymus, Sm. (Senebiera didyma, Pers.). F. Park- 
stone and Poole, near the Park. 

Brassica ohracea, L. C. Arish Mill. G. Worbarrow Bay. 

Lepidium Draba, L. F. Branksome Park, Miss M. Blackmail. 

G. Goatarne, by Poole Harbour, Miss Ella Smith. 



DORSET PLANTS. 77 

Viola palustris, L. F. Moist woodland, Button Holms. V. 
hirta x odorata. F. At two spots near Button Waldron. E. 
Near Fontmell. 

V. silrestris, Reich. The commoner species on the chalk and 
London Clay, flowering two or three weeks earlier than V. 
Riviniana, Reich. F. Both occur at Edmondsham. The latter 
is more frequent in heath districts, where I have not observed 
the former at all. 

V. ericetorum x Riviniana. F. Railway bank near Dagham's 
Road. V. tricolor, L. D. Field S. of Morden Decoy. The 
type is rare in the county. A pure yellow form, which I have 
no name for, occurs in chalky fields. 

Saponaria Vaccaria, L. E. In some quantity in a chalky 
fodder field, Compton Abbas, 1894. S. officinalis, L. E. 
Strongly established along a hedge-bank between Compton 
Abbas and Fontmell. F. Longfleet to Parkstone. 

Silene Cucubalus, Wibel., var. puberula, Syme. E. and F. Not 
uncommon on the chalk, Shillingstone ; N. and S.W. of 
Blandford. S. conica, L. F. In another spot at Parkstone (2 m. 
from Mr. Molesley's locality), where this very rare plant has all 
the appearance of being native. S. noctiflora, L. F. Two fields 
between Foxholes Wood and the railway near Baileygate. Not 
in the Flora. 

Cerastium semidecandrum, L. Hardly so common as to deserve 
no localities. F. Ensbury ; near Cranborne ; Longfleet ; 
Verwood. D. N.E. of Wareham ; Lytchett Minster. G. Stud- 
land ; Corfe Castle. C. tetrandrum, Curt. F. Abundant from 
Parkstone to the Sandhills, and along the Sandhills to the 
Haven. C. arvense, L. F. Alderholt ; fieldside, Wallis Down. 
G. A glabrate form, greener than usual, S. of Creech Grange. 

Spergula arvensis, L., var. vulgaris, Boenn. F. Heatherlands ; 
Hamworthy ; Wool Bridge. D. N. of Wareham. Var. sa/iva, 
Boenn. F. Canford Cliffs ; Parkstone ; Heatherlands ; Ham- 
worthy ; Broadstone ; Kinson. The varieties are not 
distinguished in the Flora. I have few notes of the first and 
commoner variety. 



78 DORSET PLANTS. 

Buda rupes/n's, F. J. Hanbury (Lepigonum rupestre, Kindb.). 
C. Weymouth Bay, /. W. White (Journ. Bot., 1896, 432). G. 
Durlston Head. 

Claytonia perfoliata, Bonn. F. Parkstone, Miss M. Wenhvorth 
Shields ; near the Haven Hotel. 

Hyperieum dubium, Leers (H. quadrangulum, L.). F. Queen's 
Wood, Horton ; W. of Verwood Station ; Sutton Common ; 
Cross Keys, near West Moors. 

Lavatera arborea, L. F. Parkstone, near Poole Park ; 
Hamworthy Junction. Usually a casual now, though formerly 
native. 

Tilia cordafa, Mill. (T. parvifolia, Ehrh.). F. In some 
quantity about xooyds. W. of Verwood Station, in a hedgerow. 
I have not seen it yet in the old and only other Dorset station, 
woods in Cranborne Chase. 

Getanium striatum, L. D. Roadside, out of Bere Regis, 1894, 
not a native. G. pyrenaicum, L. E. Compton Abbas. 

Ononis spinosa, L. E. East Orchard ; rare in the county, 
except in the north and north-west. 

Medicago falcata, L. C. Radipole towards Weymouth, J. W. 
White (Journ. Sot., 1896, 432). 

Tri folium medium, L. E. and F. Frequent E. and N.E. of 
Blandford. G. Bushey, near Corfe Castle. 

Anthyllis Vulneraria, L. F. Between Edmondsham and 
Verwood Station. E. Plentiful near Compton Abbas. Rather 
rare away from the coast. 

Lathyrus Aphaca, L. E. Melbury Hill. L. Nissolia, L. E. 
East Orchard. 

Prunus Avium, L. F. Ensbury ; Foxholes Wood ; near 
Durweston ; Edmondsham. P. Cerasus, L. F. Kinson ; Edmond- 
sham to Woodlands. 

Rubus suberectus, Anders. F. Alderholt. R. sulcatus, Vest. 
F. Alderholt. R. opacus, Focke. D. One mile N.E. of 
Wareham. R. integribasu, P. J. Muell. C. Wool. D. Bere 
Regis. R. affinis, W. and N. C. Wool. F. Alderholt. Var. 
Briggsianus, Rogers. Woolbridge and N. of Verwood. R, 



DORSET PLANTS. 79 

carpinifolius, W. and N. G. By the Railway N.W. of Corfe 
Castle, near Creech. R. incurvatus, Bab. Plentiful on heath 
N. of Corfe Castle ; not quite typical. R. mollissimus, Rogers. 
F. N. of Verwood Station, abundant. G. Near Corfe Castle, 
R. infestus, W. and N. F. Newtown, i m. north. R. dumetorum, 
W. and N., var. ferox, Weihe. D. Lytchett Minster. F. 
Longfleet ; Kinson ; Corfe Mullen ; Wimborne. 

Geum rivale, L. F. Alderholt ; Edmondsham (" wild 
columbine"). D. Meadows N.W. of Wareham. 

Potentilla argentea, L. C. West of Wareham Station ; near 
Hethfelton Plantation, N. of Wool. 

Alchemilla vulgaris, L. The Dorset plants of which I have 
seen specimens are all the segregate A. filicaulis, Buser ; viz., C. 
Evershot, in plenty near the school, hb. W. M. Rogers ; 
Rampisham to Wraxall, hb. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell. F. Filgroves, 
hb. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell. 

Rosa lucida, Ehrh. F. Longfleet ; Wallis Down. Well 
established, though not native. 

Pyrus torminalis, Ehrh. E. Piddle Wood. 

Saxifraga granulata, L. F. Near Cranborne. 

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, L. F. Edmondsham. 

Sedum reflexum, L., var. albescens, Haw. F. Abundant on 
banks on the Longfleet side of Parkstone ; Broadstone. 

Epilobium roseum, Schreb. D. Near Wareham Station, In 
the critique on the Flora of Dorset in the Journal of Botany it 
was remarked that there were no Epilobium hybrids. The fact is 
they appear to be very scarce in the county. I have only noticed 
one, viz., E. obscurum x parviflorum. D. Lytchett Minster. 

(Enothera biennis, L. F. By the railway, Poole Park. (E. 
odorata, Jacq. D. By the railway, Hamworthy to Wareham. 

Smyrnium Ohtsa/rum, L. E. Roadside banks, Manston, in 
plenty. 

Carum segetum, Benth. and Hook. fil. C. West Lulworth. 
E. Hinton St. Mary; Manston. F. Shillingstone to Durweston ; 
Shapwick, on several hedge banks ; Hemsworth ; Kingston 
Lacy ; Longfleet ; &c. 



80 DORSET PLANTS. 

Crithmum maritimum, L. F. On the railway causeway, Park- 
stone. 

Caucalis arvensis, Huds. E. Compton Abbas. 

Sambucus Ebulus, L. E. Hinton St. Mary. 
Galium enctum, Huds. F. Badbury ; Spetisbury ; near 
Blandford. G. income, Stokes. E. Twiford. G. Vatllanlii, 
DC. D. By Wareham Station. F. Near Ham worthy Junction. 

Centranthus ruler, D. C. C. Walls, Preston. 
Valerianella dentata, Poll., var. mixta, Dufr. C. Cult, ground, 
Portland, /. W. White (Journ. Sot., 1896, 432). G. On a broken, 
grassy slope at Seacombe, which looked like a native station. 
The variety is not given in the Flora. 

Filago apiculata, G. E. Smith. F. Sandy ground, gone out of 
cultivation, and since built over, Parkstone, half-way to Brank- 
some ; plentiful, 1894-95. New to the county. 

Inula Helenium, L. E. East and West Orchard. F. By 
Piddle Wood. /. crithmoides, L. G. Rocks just W. of Tilly 
Whim caves. 

Matricaria Chamomilla, L. F. Parkstone to Longfleet ; 
Edmondsham. 

Artemisia Absinthium, L. F. Waste ground by border of 
heath, Talbot ; most likely introduced here. G. Near Corfe 
Castle. A. maritima, L. In plenty near the mouth of Corfe 
River. 

Senecio campestris, L. E. Compton Abbas. 

Arc/turn majus, Bernh. E. Shillingstone. F. Stepleton. 

Carduus crispus x nutans. F. A fine plant of this hybrid, 
Sutton Waldron. 

Centaurea Cyanus, L. F. Near Longfleet Church. 

Crepis taraxacifolia, Thuill. E. Compton Abbas. F. Kinson. 
G. Goatarne, Miss Ella Smith. 

Hieracium rigidum, Htn., var. trichocaulon, Dahlst. F. 
Frequent and abundant along the line between Parkstone and 
Branksome Stations. Var. acrifolium, Dahlst. Woodland here 
and there in Parkstone. H. boreale, Fr., var. Hervieri, Arv.- 
Touvet. D. Heath between Ham worthy Junction and Lytchett 



DORSET PLANTS. 8 I 

Minster. F. Woodlands. H. ttmbellahim, L. E. Piddle Wood. 
Var. ccronopifolium, Bernh. F. Wallis Down ; West Moors ; 
Queen's Wood, Horton ; Woolbridge Heath. D. Lytchelt 
Matravers. These Hawk-weed varieties are new to the Flora. 

Taraxacum officinale, Web. A form which appears to be var. 
corniculatum, DC., and does not agree with any of our other 
varieties, occurs on downs, e.g., F. S. of Shillingstone ; lAm. 
E. of Blandford ; Badbury. G. Near Swanage. 

Laciuca muralis, Fresen. F. Cranborne. G. Creech Grange, 
by the road through the wood. 

Campanula glomerata, L. E. Melbury Hill. F. Iwerne 
Minster. C. rapunculoides, L. Borders of E. and F. Rabbit 
warren, east of Sutton Waldron, far from any house. 

Specularia hylrida, A. DC. E. Compton Abbas. 

Erica ciliaris, L. F. Heath near the waterworks, Parkstone. 
G. All along the Corfe River on the adjoining heath. The 
hybrid with E. Tetralix also occurs at Parkstone in some 
quantity. 

Vinca major, L. E. Fontmell. F. Longfleet ; Upton. V. 
minor, L. F. Upton ; Screech Hill, near St. Giles ; Edmond- 
sham. 

Chlora perfoliata, L. The " Compton Abbas," placed in 
District C. in the Flora, should be in District E. 

Hyoscyamus niger, L. E. Okeford Hill. F. Canford. 

Solanum nigrum, L., var. luteovirescens, Gmel. C. Wareham, 
just east of the town. F. Longfleet, in plenty, on waste ground. 
G. Redcliff. 

Verbascum Lychnitis, L. F. St. Giles' Park, near a lodge on 
the east side. V. Blattaria, L. D. Winterborne Zelstone, one 
casual plant. 

Mimulus Langsdorfi, Donn. (M. luteus, L.). F. Edmondsham. 
Orobanche elatior, Sutton. E. Fontmell. F. Edmondsham, 
near St. Giles' Park. 

Mentha rotundifolia, L. D. Bloxworth, W. R. Linton. G. 
Corfe Castle. M. arvensis, L., var. Nummulan'a, Schreb. F. 
Hamworthy Junction. Var. praecox, Sole. F. West Moors. 



82 DORSET PLANTS. 

Chenopodium polyspermum, L. F. Kinson ; S. of Henbury 
Hill; Woodlands. 

Salicornia herbacea, L., var. ramosissima, Woods. Not so 
common as the Flora would indicate. D. Lytchett Bay. F. 
Parkstone Saltmarsh. G. Mouth of Corfe River. .S". appressa, 
Dumort. F. Hamworthy. G. Near the mouth of Poole 
Harbour; new to county. 

Polygonum viite, Schrank. D. Lytchett Minster. F. Kinson ; 
Hampreston ; W. Parley ; Cowgrove, Wimborne ; Sturminster 
Marshall. G. Stoborough meadows. P. minus, Huds. D. 
Wool, by the bridge ; near Tonerspuddle. F. Talbot ; 
Dudsbury ; West Moors ; Verwood. 

Euphorbia platyphyllos, L. F. Edmondsham. 

Buxus sempervirens, L. E. Near Fontmell, introduced. F. 
Stourpain Gorse, near Pimperne, on the debris of a lime kiln, 
very strong, but perhaps not native. 

Carpinus Betidus, L. "Generally distributed" in the Flora; 
no localities given. D. A mile or more up the R. Piddle 
above Wareham. This is the only occurrence of the species 
I have met with in the county, where it seems to me very 
rare. 

Salix triandra, L. D. Wareham to Trigon. S. Hoffmanniana, 
Sm. D. Wareham to Trigon. E. Compton Abbas ; East 
Orchard. F. Kinson ; Wimborne ; Alderholt ; Iwerne Minster. 
G. Corfe Castle ; Littlesea. 6". ambigua, Ehrh. G. Littlesea. 

Empetrum nigrum, L. F. Sandhills, Parkstone, Mr. C. B. 
Clarke. 

Juniperus communis, L. E. Melbury Hill. 

Pinus Pinaster, Ait. D. Whole copses, Lytchett Minster to 
Wareham ; Morden Park ; Sandford. F. Broadstone. G. 
Rempstone Wood and Heath ; Studland ; Arne. 

Taxus baccaia, L. F. Stourpaine Furze Down ; frequent and 
native about Edmondsham and St. Giles. 

Listera cordata, R. Br. F. Discovered in Branksome Park by 
Miss E. Armitage in 1895, who saw one plant. I found a few 
more soon after. 



DORSET PLANTS. 



3 



Orchis pyramidalis, L. E. Fontmell. F. Stourpaine ; Cran- 
borne. O. ustttlata, L. F. Stourpaine. O. ericetorum, Linton. 
D. Hamworthy Junction to Sherford Bridge; Morden Decoy. 
F. Talbot Heath, near Bournemouth, frequent ; Broadstone ; 
West Moors ; Verwood ; Goatham, Edmondsham. G. South 
Haven, W. M, Rogers ; Arne ; Bushey. 

Habenaria Conopsea, Benth. E. Compton Abbas and Melbury 
Hill. 

Ophrys muscifera, Huds. F. East end of Okeford Hill. G. 
Creech Grange. 

Allium oleraceum, L. E. Compton Abbas. 

Gagea fascicularis, Salisb. E. In a wood, Hinton St. Mary, 
Rtv. E. Acton. 

Colchicum autumnale, L. E. Near Fontmell. 

Paris quadrifolia, L. F. South of Okeford Fitzpaine. 

Juncus compressus, Jacq. C. Fleet to Wyke Regis, J. W. 
White. F. Crichel Pond. These are the only stations in the 
county, the former record for Poole being an error for J. 
Gerardi, Loisel. /. oliusiflorus, Ehrh. D. Lytchett Bay. F. 
Near the Salterns, Parkstone. G. Near the mouth of Corfe 
River. 

Luzula Forsteri, DC. F. Westley Wood ; Hemsworth ; 
Crichel ; Edmondsham. Z. Forsteri x vtrnalis (L. Borreri, 
Bromf.), hybrid. F. With both parents, Crichel. 

Sparganium ramosum, Curtis, var. microcarpum, Neum. D. 
Bere Regis. G. S.W. of Wareham. 6". neglectum, Beeby. F. 
East of Horton village ; Woodlands ; Woolbridge. 

Lemna irisulca, L. Ditches between Wareham and the 
station, in plenty. Z. gibba, L. C. Ditches east of Wareham. 
D. Ditches near Wareham Station. 

Butomus umbellaius, L. D. Ditches between Wareham and 
the station. 

Potamogeton alpinus, Balb. (P. rufescens, Schrad.). D. Near 
Trigon, 2-3 miles above Wareham. F. West Moors. P. 
decipiens, Nolte. G. R. Frome, near the Wareham to Swanage 
railway bridge. P. crispus, L., var. cornutus, Linton. E. Pond, 



84 DORSET PLANTS. 

Manston. P. obtusifolius, M. and K. F. Recorded, rightly or 
wrongly, by Pulteney, for the R. Stour and its ditches, Dorset. 
(See note, Flora of Hants, ist Ed., p. 331.) Ruppia rostellata, 
Koch. F. Hamworthy to Lytchett Bay, abundant ; a dwarf 
form on harbour mud exposed at low tide. D. Lytchett 
Minster, abundant in a ditch separated by a bank from the 
harbour. 

Zannichellia palustris, L. F. Aimer ; 2 m. above West Moors, 
near Cross Keys. 

Zostera marina, L., var. angustifoHa, Fr. D. Lytchett Minster. 
F. Parkstone, W. M. Rogers. G. Near the mouth of Poole 
Harbour, near South Haven. Z. nana, Roth. D. Lytchett 
Minster. F. Near the clay pits by Lake, Hamworthy ; Sterte, 
near Poole ; Parkstone. G. In the mouth of the Corfe River. 

Scirpus silvaticus, L. F. East Moors River by the L.S.W.R. 
bridge. S. Caricis, Retz. (Blysmus compressus, Panz.). F. 
Cowgrove, Wimborne. 

Cladium germanicum, Schrad. D. Marsh f m. east of 
Wareham Station. Probably extinct at Morden Mill. 

Carex dioica, L. G. Bushey, near Corfe Castle. C. pulican's, 
L. D. N.E. and N.W. of Wareham. F. Near Broadstone ; 
Woolbridge ; Edmondsham. G. Stoborough ; Wareham Heath, 
Corfe Castle ; Rempstone ; Godlingston Heath. C. echinala, 
Murr. D. Sherford Brook ; Morden Decoy; Lytchett Matravers. 
F. Talbot Heath ; West Moors ; East Moors River ; Peat Moors 
River. G. Arne ; Corfe Castle ; Rempstone; Bushey; Littlesea. 

C. axillaris, Good. G. Langton Matravers, L. V. Garland- 
Lester. C. acuta x Goodcnowti, nov. hybr. D. Between Wareham 
and the railway. C. humilis, Leysser. E. Melbury Hill. F. 
East end of Okeford Hill. C. laevigata, Sm. D. Copse N. of 
East Morden ; Lytchett Matravers. F. Near Canford ; Henbury 
Hill ; Alderholt and Edmondsham, abundant. C. disians, L. 

D. Lytchett Bay- F. Aimer ; Kingston Lacy ; High Hall ; rare 
inland. C. extensa, Good. D. By Lytchett Bay. F. By the 
Harbour N. of Poole ; also E. and S.E. of Hamworthy Junction. 
C. filiformis, L. D. Besides Morden Decoy, whence I first 



DORSET PLAKTS. 85 

recorded this rare sedge for Dorset, I have found it between 
Wareham and Keysworth. C. pseudo-cyperus, L. F. West 
Moors ; Woolbridge. 

Panicum Crus-galli, L. F. Nursery garden, Constitution Hill, 
Parkstone ; casual. 

Setaria viridis, Beauv. F. Waste ground near Longfleet 
Church, and near Poole Park ; Bailey Gate ; Hamworthy 
Junction. 

Spartina Townsendi, H. and J. Groves. G. Near Owre,_/. C. 
Mansel-Pleyddl. New to County Flora. 

Homalocenchrus oryzoides, Mieg. (Leersia oryzoides, Sw.). Ditch 
between Wareham and the station, W. Mitten. New to County 
Flora. 

Calamagrostis Epigeios, Roth. F. Edmondsham to Wood- 
lands. 

Gastridium australe, Beauv. (G. lendigerum, Gaud.). F. 
Edmondsham ; rare away from the neighbourhood of the coast. 

Avena strigosa, Schreb. F. Cult, ground between Bourne- 
mouth and Talbot. A. pubescens, Huds. E. Compton Abbas. 
F. Shillingstone ; Spetisbury. A. pralensis, L. E. Melbury 
Hill. F. Hambledon Hill. 

Kccleria cristata, Pers. E. Melbury Hill. 

Catabrosa aquatica, Beauv. F. Kinson ; Cowgrove, Wim- 
borne ; Corfe Mullen ; Sturminster Marshall to White Mills ; 
Shapwick. G. Stoborough ; Bushey ; Woolgarston. 

Poa nemoralis, L. F. Under Hod, amid trees by the Stour. 

Festuca Myurus, L. C. On a wall, Osmington. F. 
arundinacea, Schreb. C. By the shore, Osmington. 

Bromus ereclus, Huds. F. Screech Hill, Cranborne ; Edmond- 
sham. B. moll is, L., var. interniplus, Hackel. F. Cultivated 
field, Edmondsham to Verwood Station. New to county. B. 
aruemis, L. F. Aimer. 

Lolium temulenlnm, L. Only recorded for Dorset on the 
authority of Bell-Salter, who gives no locality. Neither does 
Mr. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell. I was, therefore, pleased to find it 
in some quantity in a field of rye at Edmondsham. The Darnel 



86 bORSET PLANTS. 

is perhaps sometimes overlooked, because from above the thin 
edge of its distichous spikes is almost invisible ; viewed 
horizontally, however, it is easily to see it. I am speaking of 
the fruiting stage, when the spike is weighed down and arching. 
One or two men at Edmondsham knew it by the name of 
" Cheat." The form found here was the awnless var. arvense, 
With. 

Lepturus filtformis, Trin. G. Littlesea. 

Elymus arenaritts, L. F. Flag Head Chine and adjoining 
cliff, and by the Haven Hotel. 

Asplenium Adiantum-ntgrum, L. F. Cowgrove, Wimborne ; 
near Bailey Gate ; Westley Wood ; Witchampton ; Sutton 
Holms; Edmondsham. G. Bushey ; Knowle Hill. A. Tricho- 
manes, L., said to be common in the Flora, but far from being 
so in East Dorset. In the whole of F. I have seen it only once, 
the churchyard wall of one of the Gussages. G. Corfe Castle ; 
Creech Grange. 

Ceterach officinarum, Willd. F. Near Bailey Gate. Very rare 
in this district. G. Swanage ; i m. east of Corfe Castle. 

Lastraa Oreopleris, Presl. G. Heath near Studland. L. 
spinulosa, Presl. F. South of Canford ; West Moors River ; 
Alderholt. 

Osmunda regalis, L. F. West Moors River ; Woolbridge ; 
between West Moors and Hern Bridge, about half way. G. 
Stoborough ; Wareham Heath and S.W. of Wareham ; Studland 
Heath, in great quantity near the S. end of Littlesea ; Arne. 

Ophioglossum vulgalum, L. D. Lytchett Minster ; E. of 
Wareham Station. F. Meadows by the Stour, Shapwick, both 
sides of the river ; field by Bailey Gate Station ; abundant near 
Kingston Lacy ; Edmondsham. 

Boirychium Lunaria, Sw. F. Near Branksome Chine (1895), 
and still flourishing, 1904. 

Chara vulgaris, L. E. Okeford Fitzpaine, in a brickyard pit. 
Var. papillata, Wallr. E. West Orchard. 

Lamproihamnus alopecuroides, Braun. This rare and beautiful 
species, an account of which was given in these " Proceedings " 



t>ORSET PLANTS. 87 

(Vol. XIII., p. 163, 1892), by the President, together with an 
admirable plate, I had the good fortune to find in some pits just 
reached by high tides in District F. to the west of Hamworthy 
Junction. 

I have accumulated many more notes of localities additional 
to the Flora of Dorset, many of which are published in my Flora 
of Bournemouth (1900) ; but the above list is long enough for its 
purpose of supplementing the facts given in the Flora of Dorset 
and filling out the geographical distribution of our less common 
species and varieties, 








"giefurns of ^latnfaff, &c., in 
in 1904. 



By H. STILWELL. 




JTJHE Rainfall in Dorset in 1904 has been slightly in 
excess of the normal. Compared with the 
average deduced from the Table of Constants 
given in the Appendix to the Report for 
1898, the ratio has been as ioz'6 to 100. In 
this respect it differs from the general 
experience of the rest of the country. Else- 
where 1904 has been a dry year. 

The average Rainfall of 48 stations taken 
of the county amounted to 34*53 inches, 



in various parts 
distributed as under : 



Month. 


Total. 


Proportion. 


Difference 
in 1904. 


1904. 


1856 to 1903. 




Ins. 








January .. 


5-309 


154 


96 


+ 58 


February 


5-035 


146 


75 


+ 71 


March 


1-633 


47 


69 


- 22 


April 


1-276 


37 


67 


- 30 


May 


3-001 


87 


59 


+ 28 


June 


1-065 


31 


66 


- 35 


July 


3-227 


94 


70 


+ 24 


August 


3-856 


112 


80 


+ 32 


September 


2-532 


73 


91 


- 18 


October .. 


2357 


68 


118 


- 50 


November 


1-637 


47 


104 


- 57 


December 


3-602 


104 


105 


- 1 


Total .. 


34-530 









RAINFALL IN DORSET. 89 

Here it will be noticed that, having regard to the time of year, 
January, February, May, July, and August, were wet months, 
that the autumn was fine and dry, and that in December the 
rainfall was nearly normal. For the 49-year period, 1856-1904, 
the average rainfall, ascertained by assigning the same value to 
each year's return, independent of the number of stations, is 
33*769 inches. 

With regard to individual stations, the greatest amount, 
43*44 inches, was registered at Cattistock ; the smallest, 
26*28 inches, at Buckhorn Weston. The latter had not only 
the smallest rainfall in the county, but it was relatively the 
dryest station, the ratio to the average annual fall being 92*18. 
Other places with a small proportionate fall are Winterbourne 
Houghton, with a percentage of 93*04; Melbury, 95*25; 
Gillingham, 96*27 ; and Beaminster, 96*32. On the other hand, 
the following are the largest proportionate falls recorded : 
Wimborne, 117*16; Bridport (Coneygar), 114*42; Dorchester 
Waterworks, 110*15. Cattistock, with the largest fall, had only 
an excess of 3*16 per cent, beyond the normal. 

There was no record of 2 inches having been measured in 
24 hours in any part of the county. The heaviest fall registered 
was 1*88 inch at Longthorns, Winterbourne Whitchurch, on 
25th July. At ten stations the rainfall did not amount to i inch 
on any one day during the year, but a fall of i inch, or over, is 
recorded on 23 different days during the year. The heaviest 
and most general fall occurred on the 2gth July, upwards of 
an inch having been registered at 15 different places on that 
day. 

The omission this year of the names of two observers must be 
noticed with much regret, namely, those of the Rev. G. H. 
Billington, at Chalbury Rectory, and Mr. Oliver Farrer, at East 
Stoke. The former had kept a record since 1865, and his death 
removes a most careful and reliable observer, and breaks a long 
record an event which is always to be greatly deplored. To 
make up for these and other losses, the names of eight new 
stations appear in the tables, but from two of them only partial 



90 RAINFALL IN DORSET. 

returns are given, the records not beginning on the ist of 
January. 

The new stations are : 

Milton-on-Stour .. .. Lat. 50 30 N. Lon. 2 17 W. 

Stoke Wake ,,5051 220 

Wimbonie, Westfieid 

Holme ,,5040 2 9 10 

East Lulworth (partial return) ,, 50 3" ,, ., 2 12 ,, 

Upwey 50 40 24 22853 

Littlebredy (partial return) ,, 50 41 45 ,, ,, 2 35 10 ,, 

A return from Whitelackington, near Ilminster (Lat. 50 56', 
Lon. 2 52'), is added from the neighbouring county of Somerset. 

In the following tables the alphabetical arrangement of the 
stations has been given up, and the places follow one another, 
as far as possible, according to their respective situations. 
Beginning at the extreme north of the county with Milton-on- 
Stour, a general sweep is taken in a south-easterly direction 
towards Verwood, then towards Purbeck in the S.E. corner of 
the county, thence along the coast to Lyme at its western 
extremity, then turning to the N.W. up to Sherborne, and 
ending with the central parts of Dorset. By this arrangement it 
will be more easy to compare the rainfall of different places with 
that of the immediate neighbourhood. 

In conclusion, it is desired to draw the attention of observers 
to the necessity of an almost daily inspection of their gauges, 
otherwise small falls of rain are unnoticed and unrecorded. It 
may also be worth while to add that all entries should be made 
to the day previous to that on which the rain is collected. To 
insure uniformity in the work, it is very important that this 
should be done. 

OBSERVERS' NOTES. 

STURMINSTER NEWTON. December 5th : Heavy hailstorm, 
accompanied by thunder, between 3 and 4 a.m. 

STURMINSTER MARSHALL. January ijth: Lightning during 
the evening and heavy thunderstorm, with hail, about midnight. 



RAINFALL IN DORSET. 91 

August nth: 0-92 fell between 9 and 10.45 a.m. No thunder 
heard. September i2th : 0*48 fell between 9 and 10.45 a - m - 

BLOXWORTH RECTORY. (i.) Almost complete absence of 
thunderstorms. The only ones noticeable were on July igth 
and 25th, though lightning was seen at a distance on several 
other occasions, (ii.) The general coldness and ungeniality of 
the nights, even in the finest parts of the summer. 

WAREHAM, HOLME. January i3th : Heavy thunder and 
hailstorm in the night. August 23rd : Thunder showers. 
Greatest rainfall in 24 hours in the year I'oy inch. 

WORTH MATRAVERS. January i3th : Thunderstorm from 
7 p.m. to midnight. February 2nd : Tidal wave damaged boats 
at Chapman's Pool. July i8th: Thunderstorm in evening. 
August 24th and 3oth : Thunderstorms. November 2ist : 
Thunder and hail with strong W. wind. December yth : Heavy 
hailstorm 4.30 p.m. December i2th: Hail in night. Highest 
temperature in screen, 76*5, July iyth ; highest temperature in 
direct sun, 89, July 8th. 

WEYMOUTH, NOTHE. January xoth, i2th, i4th, and 29th : 
S.W. gales. 1 2th: Thunderstorm 4.45 p.m. February ist: 
Tidal wave; S.W. gales on ist, 8th, 9th, loth, nth, i3th, and 
i4th. Barometer fell to 28*850 on February i6th. March 9th : 
Thunderstorm at 4 p.m. March 25th : Snowstorm. April 5th : 
West gale. May 8th : Slight snowstorm at 2 p.m. Thunder- 
storms June 6th at 2 p.m. ; July i2th, 6 a.m. ; July i9th, 8 p.m. ; 
August 4th, 10.20 a.m. September i2th : S.E. gale. S.W. 
gales on October 5th and i6th, December 5th and i3th ; W. gale 
December 3oth. December 6th : Thunderstorm. Bright sun- 
shine for the year, 1675!^. 36min. ; sunless days, 69; mean 
temperature of the year, 5i'i. 

WYKE REGIS. Snow observed on the following days : 
February i4th and i6th, March 3rd and 24th. Thunder 
January i3th, July i9th (heavy), August 4th (heavy), 24th, 25th, 
zgth, and 3 ist, September 6th, and December 5th. 

CHICKERELL. January i3th: Heavy thunderstorm, lasting 
till an hour or more after midnight. Snow, slight, on 



$2 RAINFALL IN DORSET. 

February 27th, 28th, 29th, March ist, 2nd, 24th, and 25th. 
igth : Thunderstorm with very bright lightning, but never very 
near. August 4th : Thunderstorm in morning, lasting several 
hours. December 5th : Short thunderstorm, lightning very 
bright. 

BEAMINSTER (FLEET STREET). 1*05 of rain fell in 28 minutes 
on morning of September i4th (entered to i3th). Barometer 
(corrected to sea-level) fell to 28*68 on February gth. A 
cyclone, or tornado, of narrow breadth, accompanied by 
lightning, thunder, and hail, swept over a part of Beaminster 
in early morning of December 6th, doing considerable damage 
to roofs, ricks, and trees in its course. Snow fell on five 
occasions to a total depth of 0*45 melted rain. Average monthly 
maxima in shade January, 44'7 ; February, 44'7 ; March, 
46'7 ; April, 55'8; May, 6o'8 ; June, 66'8 ; July, 7i'6; 
August, 68'4 ; September, 62 0- 7 ; October, 56 0- 9 ; November, 
48 0- 5 ; December, 47'!. 

BROADWINDSOR, VICARAGE. Snow observed February i5th, 
1 6th, 25th, 26th, March 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 25th, May 8th 
(slight), November 22nd. Thunderstorms July ipth, August 
23rd and 3oth, and December 6th ; on the last date at, 4 a.m., 
accompanied by hail. Cow killed by lightning on that day. 
Hailstones picked up size of walnuts, and windows facing west 
broken as by bullets. 

BROADWINDSOR, BLACKDOWN HOUSE. - - Thunderstorms 
observed May roth, slight, July i2th, i9th, heavy, August 3rd, 
at night, and morning of 4th. Also thunder August i6th, 2znd, 
23rd, and 3Oth. Tremendous hailstorm, with thunder and 
lightning, about 3 a.m., December 6th. Stones the size of 
walnuts ; much glass broken. 

CHEDINGTON. September i4th : The heaviest fall of the 
year 1.15 (entered September i3th), fell between 7 and 9 a.m. 
This fall appears to have been a local one, as scarcely any was 
registered in places a few miles distant. On December 6th we 
had between 3 and 4 a.m. a very heavy storm of thunder, 
lightning, and remarkably large hailstones. 



RAINFALL IN DORSET. 93 

CHETNOLE. January zyth : A sudden and violent squall upset 
the rain gauge, and there was in all probability more than 0*40, 
which was what remained in it. March zpth there was a very 
heavy hailstorm, with thunder and lightning, about i p.m., and 
on the 3oth several hailstorms. On December 6th, about 
3.30 a.m., there was a short sharp storm of thunder and 
lightning with hail, followed by wind and rain. 

WINTERBOURNE STEEPLETON. The rainfall of the year has 
exceeded the average of the previous n years by 3'57in. There 
was no long period of drought, 12 days being the longest period 
during which no fall was recorded. This occurred between yth 
and zoth March. 

DORCHESTER No. 2. One-third of the total rainfall occurred 
in the first two months, which followed on a year with a total of 
13 inches above the average. 

ROUSDON, DEVON. The year's rainfall was 3*58 inches above 
the average of the last 20 years. June was the driest month, 
with o'gq, and July the wettest, with 5*84 inches. This was the 
largest record for any July since observations commenced here 
in 1883, and included the two wettest days of the year, July 23rd, 
i '22 inch, and July 2gth, roi inch. There were 173 rainy days 
during the year, which is about the average number. The 
longest dry period was 19 days in March, during which only a 
slight shower, 0*03 inch, was recorded. In December rain 
was measured on 16 consecutive days. On January loth, about 
noon, 0*38 inch fell in a very short time. January i3th, about 
5*15 p.m., a sudden squall of rain and hail passed over. 
Lightning was seen, and as the evening advanced it became 
more brilliant, and continued all night, with heavy thunder 
over the Channel. Lightning was also frequent on the 
nights of i4th and isth. This is very unusual in 
January. On the 26th rain commenced about 9 p.m., and 
continued till the same time next day, making 24 hours 
continuous downpour. On 3oth, at 6 a.m., 0-40 inch fell in 
half-an-hour. February, 1904, was the wettest of the last 
21 years. The morning of the ist was calm, fair, and frosty, 



94 RAINFALL IN DORSET. 

but a fresh S.E. gale came on in the evening with heavy rain 
and sleet. During the early morning hours of the 2nd a great 
tidal wave, causing much damage and alarm, swept along the 
south coast, and between 4 and 6.45 a.m. severe earthquake 
shocks were felt at Jersey. At this station the barograph 
showed no disturbance, and the registering anemometer only a 
very light wind movement. On May 23rd rain, with fog, 
commenced about 4 p.m., and continued till the same time next 
day. Such a continuous downpour, accompanied by dense fog, 
is happily unusual. On July igth, at 9 p.m., 0*31 inch fell in 
half-an-hour, accompanied by brilliant lightning and thunder, 
and soon after noon on the 23rd 075 inch fell in less than 
i hour. On the night of December 5th lightning was frequent, 
and from 2 to 3 a.m. on the 6th a heavy thunderstorm, with 
vivid lightning, was passing over the Channel. 

ILMINSTER, WHITELACKINGTON, SOMERSET. January nth : 
Vivid lightning and loud thunder. May loth : Very loud 
thunder and vivid lightning, about 0^50 inch from melted hail in 
iz minutes. A thatched poultry-house was set on fire at 
Atherstone Farm by the lightning. Maximum thermometer in 
shade recorded on July 9th, 84; loth, 86; nth, 83; i7th, 
84; 1 8th, 83; and August 3rd, 81. Lightning and thunder 
on July 22nd and August 3rd, 23rd, and 3oth. On the evening 
of August 23rd rain and hail, amounting to 2 - oo inch, fell in 
about 2 hours. 



The following cutting from the Daily Telegraph of Decem- 
ber 8th, 1904, refers to the thunderstorm mentioned by several 
observers as having occurred in Beaminster and that neighbour- 
hood on the 6th of that month : 

A DORSETSHIRE CYCLONE. 

Tuesday morning the town of Beaminster, in Dorsetshire, was 
visited by a cyclone. Rain and hail descended in torrents, the 



RAINFALL IN DORSET. 



95 



wind blew a gale, and the storm was accompanied by heavy 
thunder and vivid lightning. The path of the windstorm was 
perfectly defined, and extended over an area of about half-a-mile. 
At Southgate, the lower end of the town, a tree was torn up 
bodily, and many others were stripped of their branches. Slates 
and tiles flew through the air, and the timber of one roof was 
twisted by the fury of the cyclone. Crossing the road, the 
wind struck an engine-house, tearing away the roof and 
dropping it in a neighbouring orchard. The storm then made 
a sharp turn up the valley, doing great damage in the orchards 
and farmyards. A rick of hay had a huge hole torn in it. So 
well defined was the track of the storm that some parts of the 
town suffered no damage at all. 



RAINFALL IN DORSET. 



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RAINFALL IN DORSET. 



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Gillingham 
1 Buckhorn Weston 
f Shaftesbury 
Stunninster Newton . 
Shroton House . . 
1 Stoke Wake 
Wiuterbourne Hooghto 
,, Whitchiu 
Horton Vicarage 


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RAINFALL IN DORSET. 





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RAINFALL IN DORSET. 



TABLE III. STATISTICS OF THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR 

AND OF THE HUMIDITY AND AMOUNT OF CLOUD 
AT WlNTERBOURNE STEEPLETON MANOR AT 
9 A.M., KEPT BY MR. H. STILWELL. 





Temperature of the Air. 








In Stevenson's Screen. 


On Grass. 


8 


d 
11 


1904. 


Average of 


Extremes. 


1 




1| 
















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1 


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January 


45-1 


34-4 


40-0 


50'9 


23-0 


30-8 


18-0 


93 


8-2 


February 


44-2 


34-6 


39-4 


49-7 


21-4 


31-6 


17-0 


88 


7-2 


March 


46-8 


33-6 


40-0 


59-1 


25-3 


31-2 


21-9 


83 


7-1 


April 


55-2 


402 


47-3 


64-0 


32-0 


37-2 


28'0 


83 


6-7 


May . . 


58-4 


44-1 


50-8 


67-2 


33-5 


41-2 


29-0 


86 


7-1 


June 


64-1 


46-8 


54-8 


70-0 


36-9 


43-3 


32-2 


78 


6'2 


July . . 


68-9 


53-8 


60-8 


80-8 


45-8 


49-4 


38-4 


83 


67 


August 


67-8 


49-6 


58-2 


77-8 


39-4 


44'3 


33-1 


84 


7-0 


September 


63-4 


44-3 


53-4 


69-1 


32-5 


38-5 


28-8 


84 


5-9 


October 


56-9 


43-4 


49-9 


65-7 


317 


39-4 


25-8 


91 


7'9 


November 


50-2 


34-9 


42-6 


58-3 


21-9 


30-8 


16-0 


90 


5-9 


December 


47-4 


36-9 


42-4 


53-3 


25-0 


34-1 


20-6 


94 


8-6 


Year.. 


55-7 


41-4 


48-3 


80-8 


21-4 


37-6 


16-0 


86-4 


7-0 



NOTE. The mean daily temperature of the twelve years 
ending December, 1904, was 48-6. The year 1898 had the 
highest mean viz., 49'7, and 1895 the lowest viz., 47'i. 



BurcB goo6s, Porsef, 1552. 

(CONTINUED.) 



146. The parishe of CORFF MOLEN. 

Fyrst, one chalis of Sylver parcell gylt, one crosse of copper & 
gylt, j payre of vestmentes of crymson veluet, j cope of crymsen 
veluet, j payre of vestmentes of whyt fustyon, iij Table clothes 
of whyt clothe, iij Table clothes of satten of brydges yellowe 
and grene, one surplice, & j rocket, ij cruetes of Tyn, iiij Belles 
in the Tower. 

To thuse of the Churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalis of Syluer, one cope of crymsen veluet, wythe all 
the Table clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses 
commyttyd to the custody of thes men vnder wrytten. 
Sir Water Mathewe curat\ 



Richard Leyston 
Richard Wyllys 



Renold Frampton 
Morrys Dyll 



William Wyllys 

147. The parishe of EVERSUTE. 

Fyrst, Too chalyces of Sylver parcell gylt, one pax of sylver 
parcell gylt, iiij payre of vestments, j blewe veluet, j Dornex 
with thole sute of sylke, thother payre of redd satten a brydges, 
iij copes, j crymsen veluet, j of blewe veluet, j of blewe Sarsenet, 
Too table clothes of blewe redd & yellowe Satten of brydges, ij 
candlestickes & j sencer of bras, j lyche bell, j payr of vest- 
mentes of Dornex, iiij belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of the Churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, The least chalis, one cope of blewe veluet, wythe all the 
Table clothes, and surplices, The resydew of all the premmysses 
commyttyd to the custody of thes men Whose Names be vnder 

wrytten. 

Sir Hugh Gyllat parson v 



Thomas Fysher 
Richard Hensebury 
Alyxander payne 



John powne 
Richard Doue (?] 
Homfrey bushell 



102 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

148. The parishe of FROME QUYNTAYNE. 

Fyrst, one chalis Sylver parcell gylt, iij payre of vestmentes, j 
of purpul veluet one of grene Dornex sylke, thother of redd 
worsted Too copes j of blacke veluet, thother crymsen Damaske, 
Too candelstickes of bras, j payre of sencers of bras, Too belles 
in the Tower. 

To thuse of the Churche. Appoyntyd by the saide commys- 
sioners, j chalis of Sylver, j cope of crymsen Damaske, wythe all 
the Table clothes and Surplices, The resydewe of all the 
premysses commyttyd to the custody of thes men Whose Names 
be vnder wrytten. 

Sir Richard bartlet curat^ 

William Beare j-Robert Hobbes^ 

John Byshopp J Roger rydall / 



Mem. 12 d. 

149. The parish of MELCOMBE HORSEY. 

Fyrst, j chalis Syluer, iij payre of vestmentes, j cope of sylke, 
j cheseble, j frunt clothe of grene sylk, j cheseble of fustion, ij 
corporas with the cases, j pyx of Lattyn ij candelstickes of 
Lattyn j crosse of Lattyn, j payre of cruetes of tyn, vj alter 
clothes, j surplis, j sencer of bras, j lyche bell, j oyle box of tyn, 
ij belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of thz Churche. appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners the chalis, j cope with all the table clothes & surplices, 
The residewe of all the premisses comyttyd to the custody of 
thes men whose names be vnder wrytten - 

Sir Renold Dowle parson -v 
William Sprynge 
Robert condyt 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 103 

150. The parishe of CLENSTON. 

Fyrst, j chalis, j cope, j surples, ij Table clothes, j bell in the 
Tower ^ 

To thuse of the churche. appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalis, j cope, with the surplice & Table clothes, the 
resydewe of all the premisses commyttyd to the custody of thes 
men vnder wryttyn -=> 

Sir Roger gould parson 
Robert Jones -^ 

Mem. 13. 

THE DENARY OF BYRPORTE. 
151. The parishe of CHARDESTOK. 

Fyrste, .j. challes all gylt with a cover, .j. challes of sylver 
parcell gylt with a cover, .j. shipp of syiuer parcell gylt, .j. 
sencer of syiuer parcell gylt, Fower payre of vestmentes, .j. of 
redd branchede veluet, .j. of red chamlet, .j. of whyt Damaske, 
.j. of blewe satten of brydges, Fower coppes, j of redd Dornex, 
sylke, .j. of Dornex wrought vppon with yollowe sylke, .j of 
blewe Dornex, .j. of blacke woolstede, .j. pyde vestment of 
sylke, j clothe to hange before the Table of chyckerell saye, .j. 
vestment of redd & grene satten of brydges, j. corporas case 
with a charchif, Too Table clothes, fyve paynted banners of 
buckram, Too candelstyckes of latten, iij olde surples, Fyve 
belles in the Tower, .j. lyttyll bell in the chanceil, ij other 
lyttyll belles - 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, .j. challes all gylt ij copis, .j of Dornex with yelowe, .j. 
of woolstede, with all the Table clothes & surples, The resydew 
of all the premisses to remeayne in the custody of these men 
here after Folowyng 

Sir John Cryche vicar there William Estmunde 
John Coxton Water Clement 



104 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

152. The parishe of STOCKLONDE. 

Fyrste, j sence of Syluer, .j. shipp of Syluer, j. pax of Syluer 
parcell gylt, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt, j hole shute of 
vestmentes of purpull veluet, j cope of redd veluet, j vestment 
with Decon & subdecon of redd & grene Dornex, ij vestmentes 
of blewe satten of brydges, j vestment of blewe sarsenet, fower 
belles in the Tower, iiij candelstickes, Too of latten & ij of 
Tyn - 

To thuse of the Churche. Appoyntede by the saide commys- 
sioners, one challes of Syluer, j cope of redde veluet, with all 
the Table clothes & surples, The resydewe off all the premisses 
commyttyde to custody of thes men here vndre wrytten. 

Sir John Knyght curat there William Webber 

Harry bowet William Carter 

William Spyller paule Towker 
Thomas Hamlyne 



153. The Chapell of DALWOODE with in the parishe 
of STOCKLONDE. 

Fyrst, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt, j pax parcel gylt, j pyx 
of Syluer parcell gylt, .j sence & a shipp of Syluer, j cope of 
blewe veluet, & vestmentes of the same, .j payre of vestmentes 
of whyt fustion, iij corporas cases, iij surples, fyve Table clothes, 
iij Lent clothes, ij Towelles, iiij great belles in the Tower, .j 
lyche bell, iij sacrynge belles, j. holy water pot of bras ij cruetes 
of tyn, ij candelstickes of bras. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the sayde commys- 
sioners, .j. vestment of blewe veluet with all the Table clothes, 
& surples, The resydewe of all the premisses are commyttyde to 
the custody of thes men here vndre wryten *=> 

Harry Hanne 
Richarde Whytmore 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSEt, 1552. 165 

Mem. 13. d. 

154. The parishe of SOUTHE PERAT. 

Fyrst, vj payre of vestmentes, j of blewe veluet, j of redde 
brydges satten, j of tawnye sarsenet, j of blacke saye, ij payre of 
Dornex, ij copes of Dornex, .j Table clothe of blewe & redd 
veluet with flowers of gould & sylke, iij corporas & iiij 
charchefes ij payre of candelstickes & a payre of sencers of 
latyn, .j, challes with the patent of syluer parcell gylt, iij belles 
in the Tower, .j. canapy of blewe & redd satten of brydges, ij 
surples, iiij Table clothes, .j. cope of blewe veluet, j frunt clothe 
of grene veluet, iiij Towelles of Dyapper, .j payntede clothe of 
canvas, iij sacringe belles, ij crewetes, .j lent clothe, ij payre of 
vestmentes, .j whyt sylke, thother blewe sylke. 

155. MOSTRON infra pocfi iam ffd. 

Fyrst, iij payre of vestmentes, .j of brydges satten, thother of 
dornex, .j challes with the pattent of Syluer, ij copes, .j redd 
satten, thother of Dornex, .j crewet of leade, .j lyttell bell, ij 
candelstyckes, .j sencer of latten, iij banners paynted, .j crosse 
of latten .j surples. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the sayde commys- 
sioners, .j challes, .j cope of Dornex, with all the Table clothes 
& surples, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd to the 
custody of thes men vndre wrytten. 

Sir Hughe farnaii parson there John Gvppey 
John Ode Richard Irloner 

156. The parishe of MAPERTON. 

Fyrst, .j challes of syluer parcell gylt with the pattent, ij payre 
of vestments, j of redd satten of bridges, .j of Taffytay, j cope of 
Dornex, ij candelstickes of bras, ij Table clothes of lynnyn, ij 
belles in the Tower. 



106 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j vestment of redd satten of brydges with all 
the Table clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the premisses 
commyttede to the custody of these men vadre wrytten -= 

Robert Morgan gentleman parson there 
Symonde Gyll 
John Travys 

157. The parishe of BYRTON & SHIPTON. 

Fyrst, fyve payre of vestmentes j of sylke Dornex j of grene 
satten of brydges, j of redd satten of brydges, j of Dornex, j of 
blewe veluet, ij copes, j of crymsen veluet, j of whyt satten of 
brydges, iij Table clothes of lynnyn clothe, Too challes of 
Syluer parcell gylt ij candlestickes, .j. sencer of bras, iiij belles 
in the Tower, .j lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of satten of brydges, with all the Table 
clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyde 
to the custody of these men vndre wrytten -=> 

Sir John Cotrell parson there Roger Clerke 
John Clerke Richard Knyght 

William Gregory Harry spenser 

158. SHIPTON Capella de BYRTON. 

Fyrst, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt, ij payre of vestmentes j 
of whyt chamllet, thother of blewe worsted, j cope of blewe 
worstede, iij Table clothes of lynnyn, j sencer, ij candelstickes 
of bras, Thre belles in the Towre -=> 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of blewe worstede, with all the Table 
clothes, & surples, The resydwe of all the premysses com- 
myttyde to the custody of these men vndre Wrytten. 

Sir John Cotrell 
Rycharde Knyght 
Harry Spenser 






CHURCH GOObS, DORSET, 155*. 10) 

Mem. 14. 

159. The parishe of CHEDYOKE. 

Fyrst, ij challes of Syluer one parcell gylt, thother Dowble 
gylt vij payre of vestmentes j of crymsen veluet, j of blewe 
Damaske, j of blacke Damaske, j of whyt satten of brydges, j of 
redd satten of brydges, j of blewe sarsenet, j vestment of blewe 
veluet, j cope of whyt Damaske, iij Table clothes of lynnyn 
clothe, j crosse of Syluer, j sencer of syluer, j pax of Syluer & 
gylt, iiij candelstickes, & a sence of bras, iiij belles in the Tower 
j lyche bell. - 

To thuse cf the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes parcell gylt, j vestment of satten of brydges 
with all the Table clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the 
premisses comyttede to the custodye of these men vndre 
Wrytten. 

Sir John Ludlowe vicar there John Beare 
William Kyche William orcharde 

John Williams William Woodcocke 

John Hynde, 

160. The parishe of WHYTCHURCHE. 

Fyrst, j challes all gylt with the cover, fyve payre of vest- 
mentes, j shute of Dornex sylke, j shute of blewe worstede, j 
vestmente of crymsen Dornex, j vestment of murrey Damaske, j 
vestment of whyt fustion, iij copes, j of redd Dornex, j of blewe 
save, j of Dornex, ij candlestickes & a sence of bras, j lyche 
bell, fyve belles in the Tower -=> 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the sayde commys- 
sioners, j challes, j vestment of crymsen Dornex, with all the 
surple & Table clothes, The resydwe of all the premysses 
comyttyde to the custody of these men vndre wrytten. 

Sir John Ludlowe vicar there Nicholas Longe 

John Longe William Elyote 

William Wyse John Wareham 
William Huddy 



108 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

161. The parishe of LONGE BRYDDY & LYTTELL 
BRYDDY. 

Fyrst, iij challes syluer all gylt with covers, iij vestmentes, j of 
whyt Damaske, j of changeable sersenet, j of grene satten of 
brydges, j cope of blewe veluet, iij Table clothes, ij candelstickes 
& a sencer of latten vj belles in the Tower, j Lyche bell, j 
surples. 

To thuse of the churche & chappell. Appoyntede by the saide 
commyssioners, ij challes, j vestment of grene satten of brydges, 
with all the Table clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the 
premisses comyttede to the custody of these men vndre wrytten. 

Sir Roger Bonde parson there John Gyllion 

Thomas Byrde John Marten 

Robert Bartlet Thomas Cake 
Nycholas Bartlet 

162. The parishe of ASKERSWELL. 

Fyrst j challes gylt with a cover, j olde cope, ij vestmentes, j 
of satten of brydges, j of threde, j vestment of whyt lynnyn 
clothe, j lent clothe olde, ij Table clothes, j surples vj candel- 
stickes of bras, j banner of grene sylke, ij banners of payntede 
canvas, ij payntede clothes of canvas, iiij belles in the Tower, 
xlli. of olde Iron to the valewe of L s * c ~] 

fewer li olde bras to the valewe of 
Too brewynge Leades to the valewe 
j broche of Iron to the valewe 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the sayd commys- 
sioners, j challes gylt, j vestment of satten of brydges, with all 
the surples & Table clothes, The resydewe of all the premisses 
to the custody of these men vndre wrytten. 

Sir William Derby parson Peter Mydway 

Thomas Egerdon John Gyll 

Robert Derby senior Christopher Darby 
John Hardy 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 109 

Mem. 14. d. 

163. The parishe of COSCOMBE. 

Fyrst, iij challes of Syluer parcell gylt, fyve payre of vest- 
mentes, j of crymsen veluet, j of grene satten of brydges, j of 
whyt sarsenet, ij of Dornex, ij copes, j of redd satten of brydges, 
thother of blewe taffytay, iij Table clothes, of lynnyn, ij candel- 
styckes of bras, iiij belles in The tower, j lytell bell -* 

To thuse of the chttrche. Appoyntede by the saide coramys- 
sioners, The least challes, j cope of satten of brydges, with all 
the Table clothes & surplices, the resydewe of all the premisses 
comyttyde to the custody of these men vndre wrytten. 

Sir John Gyll curat there John Hopkens 
William Barnes Robert Wooddyer 

Robert Heren 



164. The Boroughe of BYRTPORT. 

Fyrst, ij challices, j all gylt, thother parcell gylt, with ther 
covers, j crose of Syluer, j sence of syluer, j shipp of syluer, vj 
copes, j of blewe veluet, j of grene veluet, .j of crymsen veluet, 
j of murry veluet, ij of whyt Damaske, with Decon & subdecon, 
iij payre of vestmentes with decon & subdecon of veluet 
accordinge to the copes before named, j vestment of grene 
satten of brydges, ij candelstickes & j sence of latten, j holy 
water pott of bras, iij belles in the Tower, j lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the sayd commys- 
sioners, j chalyce parcell gilt, j cope of crymsen, veluet, with 
the Table clothes & surplces, The resydewe of all the premisses 
to custody of these men vndre wrytten -=> 

Sir Richard Harrys parson there Richard Tygyn 

George Hyggens William Davy 

Cristopher bettyscombe Richard Davy- 
John Alforde 



1 10 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

165. The parishe of PORTYSHAM. 

Fyrst, j chalys gylt, ij cruetes of syluer, .j pax of syluer, j pyx 
of lattyn, ij can delsty ekes of lattyn, j crosse of lattyn, j sencer of 
latten, iij vestmentes, j of whyt damaske & red veluet, thother ij 
of redd damaske & grene, iij copes, j of whyt taffytay, j of redd 
sylke, .j. of Dornex, ij paynted banner clothes, iiij Table clothes, 
ij surplices, iij belles in the Tower, iij corporas cases, ij carchifes 
to the same - 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the saide commys- 
sioners ,j challes of syluer, j cope of red sylke, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd 
to the custody of thes men vndre wrytten. 

Sir Raffe Haserde vicar-j Hugh Samwaies 
Walter samforde J-Owen Hefcfces 

Richard Hardy J Thomas bartrme 

166. GORTON. 

Fyrst, j challes, j vestment of blewe veluet, j bell, j surples, ij 
Table clothes, 

Sir Thomas Waters, curat, William Hobbes, Owen Hebbes, 
These thinges above writen comytted to ther charges -= 

167. The parishe of WEST COMPTON. 

Fyrst, j challes of syiuer parcell gylt, j vestment of blewe 
satten of brydges, j cope of redd satten of brydges, ij candel- 
styckes & a sencer of bras, ij belles in the Tower, j surples, ij 
Table clothes. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j vestment of redd satten of brydges with all 
the surplices & Table clothes, The resydewe of all the premysses 
commyttyd to the custody of these men vndre wrytten -=> 

Sir John Samwaies parson there Thomas Sargent 
William Hardy Jles churchell 

Richard Garlande 



CtttRCH GOODS, bORSfcT, 1 55 2. ill 

Mem. 15. 

168. The parishe of LODERS. 

Fyrst, ij challices of syluer, one all gylt, thother parcell gylt, 
j shute of vestmentes of crymsen veluet, iiij payre of vestmentes, 
j of whyt Damaske, j of redd sarsenet, j of redd satten of 
brydges, j of dornex, j cope of Dornex, iij Table clothes, ij 
candelstickes of bras, j sence of bras, fyve belles in the Tower, j 
lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes parcel gylt, j cope, with all the Table clothes & 
surplies, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd to the 
custody of these men vndre wrytten. 

Sir John Baker curat' 



John Hutys 
John Marshe 
John Larder 



Harry browne 






Myles Warren | 
Nycholas Warren J 



169. BAWNTON parishe of LODERS. 

Fyrst, j chales of Syluer parcell gylt, iij payre of vestmentes, j 
of crymsen veluet, j of redde Satten of brydges, thother redde 
Sarsenet, ij copes, j of grene dornex, thother of redd sarsenet, j 
Table clothe of lynnyn, ij candelstickes of bras, j sence of bras, 
j holy water stocke of bras, iij belles in the Tower -*> 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntede by the sayde commys- 
sioners, j challes of Syluer, j cope of Dornex, with the surples & 
Table clothes, The resydevv of all the premisses comyttyd to the 
custody of these vndre wrytten 

Sir John Baker curat > 
Robert Mone 
John Clerke 

170, The parishe of WALDYCHE. 

Fyrst, j challes sylver parcell gylt, ij vestmentes, j of whyt 
bustion, thother of Dornex, ij copes, j of Dornex, thother whyt 
Damaske, ij Table clothes of lynnyn clothe, ij candelstickes & a 
sence of Latten, ij belles in the Tower, ij surplyces. 



112 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j vestment of whyt bustion, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyde 
to the custody of these men vndre writen 

Sir Robert Blackwell curati 
Stephen Hyde 
Stephen Akerman 
John Hallet 

171. The parishe of HOOKE. 

Fyrst, j challes, ij vestmentes of veluet, iij belles in the Tower, 
ij candelstyckes of bras, j frunt for the Table of veluet, ij 
vestmentes of saye } j holy water pott of bras, j cope of sylke, j 
surples, iiij Table clothes, j corporas of Damaske *> 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope, with the surples, & Table clothes, The 
resydewe of all the premisses comyttyde to the custody of these 
men vndre wrytten *> 

Sir John Style parson there \ 
Homfrey Wyllyams J 

172, The parishe of MAYDON NEWTON. 

Fyrst, ij challices of syluer parcell gylt with ther covers, j pyx 
of syluer parcell gyit, j pax of syluer parcell gylt, fyve payre of 
vestmentes, j of redd damaske, j of Tawny Dornex, j of purpull 
veluet, j of whyt Damaske with decon & subdecon of the same, 
j of blewe Dornex sylke iiij copes, j of whyt Damaske, i of 
Dornex blewe, j of whyt Dornex, j of branched sarsenet of 
orrenge culler, iij clothes to hange before the table, of oryant 
culler Dornex, j of whyt & blewe sarsenet, j of grene & yellowe 
lockram, iij Table clothes, ij Towelles, iij surplices, j sence & ij 
candelstyckes of latten, j crosse of latten, ij crewetes of tyn, j 
lychc bell, ij lyttell belles, iiij in the Tower, j holy water pott of 
latten - 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 113 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j vestment of whyt Damaske, with all the 
surples & Table clothes, The resydewe of all the premisses 
comyttyd to the custody of these men vndre wrytten 

Sir Christopher Hadson curat^ Robert Harrys 
Christopher Hole I Richard Synge 

John goode j William burbege 

Robert Myryfyld J 



173. The parishe of CHEDYNGTON. 

Fyrst j challes gylt with the pattent, iiij payre of vestmentes, j 
of purpull veluet, j of Dornex, j of blew sarsenet j of blacke 
worstede, ij copes, j of blewe veluet j of blewe sarsenet, ij 
candelstickes of bras, iij Table clothes & other ij clothes, j 
surples, iij belles in the towere, xj other small belles, j crosse of 
latyn j holy water pott *> 

To fhuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of blewe sarsenet with all the Table 
clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the premysses comyttyd 
to the custody of these men vndre wrytten -=> 

Sir Christopher Benston parson \ John Hunt } 
John Guppy J Robert Hallet) 



174. The parishe of NETHERBURY. 

Fyrst, ij chalices of syluer parcell gylt, j pax of syluer parcell 
gylt, j shute of vestmentes of blewe Damaske, j shute of 
vestmentes of grene sylke Dornex, iiij payre of vestmentes, j of 
syluer tynsell, j of red damaske, j of satten of brydges, j of whyt 
chamlet, ij copes of guide fygure, j Table clothe, of grene & 
redd Damaske, ij candelstickes, & a sence of latten, fyve belles 
in the Tower, j lyche bell 



114 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the sayd comys- 
sioners, the Least challes of syluer, j cope of gould fygur with all 
the Table clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premysses 
commyttyd to the custody of these men vndre Wrytten. 

Sir John Newman vicar there Walter Hoyewelt 

Nycholas Crabbe Anthony Collens 

Stephen Tacle Robert Crabbe 
Hughe Sydwaye 

Mem. 15. d. 

175. The parishe of BEMYNSTER. 

Fyrst, ij challices, j all gylt thother parcell gylt, vj payre of 
vestementes, j of rosset veluet, j of blewe veluet, j of whyt satten 
of brydges, j of blacke say, j of blacke sarsenet, j of Dornex, 
with Decon & subdecon of crymsen veluet, ij copes, j of Tynsell, 
j of whyt satten of brydges, iij Table clothes of lynnyn, j 
candelstick of bras, ij surplices, j bell in the Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide comys- 
sioners, the worst challes, j cope of whyt satten of brydges, with 
all the Table clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the 
premisses, to the custody of these men vndre wrytten 

Sir John Newman vicar there "| Robert Turner ., 
James Danyell j-Thomas rodburd 

John Hyllary J William Hoskens 

John Mason J 

176. The parishe of ABBOTYSBURY. 

Fyrst, j challys all gylt with the pattent of Syluer, j pax of 
Syluer parcell gylt, j cope of redd sylke j vestment of redd sylke, 
j redd cope of veluet, j vestment of grene satten of brydges, j 
vestment of blacke worsted, j vestment of whyt sylke, j other of 
red sylke ij surplices vj Table clothes, iiij Towelles, iij corporas 
with their cases, ij frunt clothes of canvas paynted, ij curtens of 
grene sylke, j crosse of copper gylt, j pyx of latten, j sencer of 
latten, j payre of candelstickes of latten, fyve belles in the Tower. 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552 115 

To Ihuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes, ij copes one of redd sylke thother of veluet 
with all the surplices & Table clothes, The resydewe of all the 
premisses commyttyd to the custody of these men vndre Wrytten. 
Sir John Thomson vicar there . John Rodden 
Jeffrey Samwaies > Henry curties 

Hughe peson ' Nicholas Watercombe ' 

177. The parishe of WYNTERBORNE ABBAS. 

Fyrst, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt, iij vestmentes, j of 
crymsen veluet, j of blewe satten, j of blewe sarsenet, j cope of 
crymsen Damaske, iij Table clothes of lynnyn cloth, j corporas 
case & j carchif, ij Towelles .j. of Dyapper, thother canvas, ij 
candelstickes & a sencer of bras, j surples, iij belles in the 
Tower, j lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of crymsen Damaske, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comytted 
to the custody of thes men vndre wrytten. 

Sir Harry Samwaies parson, 
Robert Whytell I John Balson -^ 

Nycholas Adams j William collyer V 

Richard bettyscombe ' John carpenter J 

178, The parishe of HALSTOCKE. 

Fyrst, ij chalices of Syluer, V belles in the Tower, j crosse of 
latten, ij candelstyckes of Latten, ij cruetes of tyn, j sencer of 
latten, j cope of blewe veluet, j other cope j vestment of whyt 
satten, iij olde vestmentes, Vj Table clothes, j corporas, iij 
clothes, j surplyce. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, the worst challes, j vestment of whyt satten, with all the 
Table clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the premisses 
commytyd to the custody of thes men vndre wrytten 

Robert Nele } Roger Sylly \ 
William Sylly ) Roger barge J 



Il6 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

179. The parishe of ABBOTYSTOKE. 

Fyrst, j challes of syluer parcell gylt, iij payre of vestmentes, j 
of redd Damaske, j other of dyuers cullers, j of whyt fustion, ij 
copes, one of sylke Dornex, thother russet sylke, iij Table 
clothes, ij candelstyckes & j payre of sencers of latten, iij bells 
in the Tower, j lyttell bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of sylke Dornex, with all the Table 
clothes & surples, The resydew of all the premisses comytted to 
the custody of thes men vndre Wrytten * 

Sir John roby curat^ William Shet \ 

Thomas goge I William Smyth I 

John Dalyber J William Pavy j 

Robert HyllaryJ 



180. The parishe of SYMYSBOROUGHE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce of syluer parcell gylt, j pyx of Syluer parcell 
gylt, one cope of grene sylke, one vestyment of blewe veluet, the 
decon of the same, j cheseble of redd veluet, one Table clothe 
of grene and whyt satten of brydges, Too caridelstickes & a 
sence of bras, one holy water pott of bras, Fo\ver belles in the 
Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the sayde commys- 
sioners, one chalyce of Syluer parcell gylt, one cope of grene 
sylke, wythe all The Table clothes and surplyces, The resydewe 
of all the premysses are comyttyde to the custody and charge of 
these men whose names be vndre wrytten. 



Sir John Collens curate Andro we Holcombe, 
John baron > Richard Wade 

John Jeffrey i John Collant 

John Croker 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 117 

181. The parish of PUNCKNOLL. 

Fyrst, ij challes, j all gylt thother parcel gylt, j whyt vestment 
of sylke, ij blewe vestementes of satten of brydges, j cope of 
whyt sylke, iij Table clothes of lynnyn, j surplyce, iij belles in 
the Tower j pyx of Syluer -=> 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j challyce parcell gylt, j vestment of blewe satten of 
brydges, wythe all the surplyces, & Table clothes, The resydewe 
of all the premysses are commytted to the custody & charge of 
these men whose names be vndre wrytten. 

Sir Robert Eyere parson , John Hall 



Robert byshoppe 
William Ewens 



John Locke 
James Napper j 
Robert Crybbe 



Mem. 1 6. 



182. The parishe of SWYERE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce of Syluer gylt with a broken patient, iij payre 
of vestmentes, j of redd sylke, j of blewe sylke, j of threde, ij 
copes, j of redd sylke, thother blewe, iij Table clothes, ij 
corporas cases, j surples, j Towell, j napkin, j longe bord clothe, 
j crosse of bras, j canapie shete, iij belles in the Tower, j olde 
canapie ij old candelstickes. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes of syluer, j cope of blewe sylke, with all the 
Table clothes & surplices, the resydewe of all the premisses 
comyttyd to the custody & charge of these men whose names be 
vndre Wrytten 

Thomas Attyna \ Robert Rallyns 
John Blackwoode J Walter James ) 



Il8 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

183. The parishe of CATYSTOCKE. 

Fyrst, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt, iij vestmentes, j of 
crymson taffatye, j of sylke Dornex, j of Dornex, ij copes, j of 
blewe satten of brydges, thother of blewe Dornex, ij corporas 
cases with their carchifes, ij Table clothes of lynnyn ij candell- 
stickes of bras, j payre of sencers of bras iij belles in the Tower, 
j lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the saide commys- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope of Dornex, with all the Table clothes, 
& surplices, The resydewe of all the premysses are commyttyd 
to the custody & charge of thes men whose names be vndre 
Wrytten 

Sir John Maskall parson^ 

John pyllarde j-Alyxander Dykei 

Thomas Forse J John Harrys ) 



184. The parishe of TOLLER PORCORUM. 

Fyrst, j challyce of Syluer parcell gylt, fyve payre of vest- 
mentes ij of them branched Sarsenet, j of redd say, j of whyt 
fustyon, j of grene satten of brydges, ij coppes, j of purpull 
veluet, j of Dornex, ij surplices, iij Table clothes, j corporas & 
ij carchyffes, ij candelstickes of bras, ij Towelles, ij cruetes of 
tyn, j lyche bell iij sacrynge belles iiij belles in the Tower, iij 
banners of payntyd clothes, j crosse of Lattyn. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the sayde commys- 
sioners, j challes of syluer, j cope of Dornex, with all the Table 
clothes, & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses to the 
custody & charge of thes men Whose names be vndre Wrytten. 

Sir Davyd barry vicar 
Thomas Buckler I William younge\ 
Richard bylke (William Swett 

Robert Symon Renold Cole J 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. Iig 

185. The parishe of LYME REGIS. 

Fyrst, j challyce Syluer & gylt, j crosse of woode coveryd with 
syluer, viij vestmentes, j of clothe of gould, j of blewe veluet, j 
of blacke satten, j of blacke worsted, j of whyt Damaske, with 
Decon & subdecon to the same, j of blewe satten of brydges, 
j of blewe veluet with Decon & subdecon to the same, j of redde 
satten of brydges, fyve copes, j of whyt Damaske, ij of whyt 
taffytaye, ij of blewe veluet, iiij Table clothe?, iiij Towelles, iij 
corporas cases with ij carchyffes, j crosse of copper, j banner of 
sylke, j of payntyd clothe, iij surplyces, ij clothes to hange before 
the Table, of canvas paynlyd Too belles in the Tower, ij candel- 
stickes of Latten. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce, j cope of blewe veluet, with all the Table 
clothes & surplyces The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd 
to the custody & charge of these men Whose names be vndre 

wrytten. 

Sir Robert palfrey vican 

John Morrys f John Tanner \ 

Richard Norrys J Roger Garlond ) 

186. The parishe of CHARMOUTHE. 

Fyrst j chalyce of Syluer parcell gylt, ij payre of vestmentes, j 
of whyt satten of brydges thother of grene satten of brydges, j 
cope of Dornex, ij Table clothes of lynnyn, ij candelstyckes & A 
sence of Latten, j crosse of Latten, iij belles in the Tower j 
lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of Dornex, with all the table clothes & 
surplices The resydewe of all the premisses to the custody & 
charge of thes men whose names be vndre written 

Sir William Sankey parson "i Thomas best 
John Lymbery > William Lymbery I 

John balston J John James J 



120 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

187. The parishe of CHYLFROME. 

Fyrst, j chalice of syluer parcell gylt, ij vestmentes j grene 
Dornex sylke, thother satten of brydges, j cope of red sarsenet, 
ij Table clothes of lynnyn clothe, ij candelstickes of bras, ij 
belles in the Tower, j Table clothe of sylke, j holy water pot of 
bras, j vestment of blew satten brydges. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce j vestment satten brydges with one Table 
clothe, The resydew of all the premysses to the custody and 
charge of these men whose names be vnder wrytten 

Sir William Hyllary parson \ 

Thomas payre ) William Stephens 



188. The parishe of MYLTON. 

Fyrst, j chalyce parcell gylt, j vestment of blewe satten of 
brydges ij candylstickes of bras, j Table clothe of lynnyn iij 
belles in the Tower. 

To ihuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the sayd commys- 
sioners j chalyce of Syluer parcell gylt, one vestment of blewe 
satten of brydges, with all the Table clothes, & surplyces The 
resydewe of all the premysses ar comyttyd to the custody & 
charge of these men whose names be vndre Wrytten ~= 

Sir John Harryson curat^j 

Thomas Conwaye /John Symes 

Mem. 1 6. d. 

189. The parishe of PORESTOCKE. 

Fyrst, ij chalyces of Syluer parcell gylt, V payre vestmentes, j 
of satten of brydes j of Sylke Dornex ij of Dornex, j of redd 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 121 

Damaske j cope of redd Damaske, ij Table clothes of lynnyn, 
ij candelstickes of bbras j payre of sencers of bras, V belles 
in the Tower j lytell bell. 

To thuse of tht churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, The warst chalyce, j cope of redd Damaske with all the 
Table clothes & surplices The resydewe of all the premysses 
are comyttyd to the custody & charge of thes whose names be 
vndre wrytten 



Sir John Harryson curat 
William Turner 
Robert More 
Nvcholas Travvs 



Harry Turner ~\ 
William Stephens 
Robert prynce J 



190. The parishe of HAUKECHURCHE. 

Fyrst, j challyce of Syluer parcell gylt, j pax of Syluer parcell 
gylt, j pyx of Syluer, V vestmentes with thar albes, j of blacke 
veluet, j of grene satten, of brydges, with decon & subdecon, j 
of tawny taffytay, ij vestmentes of Dornex iij copes, j of grene 
satten of brydges, j or redd satten of brydges, j of blewe 
worsted, ij Table clothes, of lynnyn, iiij candelstickes .& a sence 
of bras, j holy water pott of bras, iiij belles in the Tower, j lyche 
bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce, j cope of redd satten of brydges, with all the 
Table clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses, 
commyttyd to the custody & charge of these men whose names 
be vndre wrytten -=> 

Sir John purches parson 
John penny 1 Thomas Balston A 

Thomas Samson jWilliam beamont - 

John phyppayn Walter grynter ' 



122 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

191. The parishe of WAMBROKE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce of syluer parcell gylt, ij copes j of redd veluet 
thother of fustion V vestmentes, j of redd veluet, j of blew 
sylke, j of grene j of saye, thother ij of Dornex, j banner of 
sylke, iiij of clothe paynted, ij crosses, j of latten thother oi 
plated latyn, ij candelstyckes of latten, j sencer of latten, iiij 
Table clothes, iiij belles in the Tower, j lych bell, ij sacringe 
belles, ij cruetes of tyn. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce of syluer, j cope of fustion, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses com- 
mytted to the custody & charge of these men whose names be 
vnder wrytten. 

John pears \ 
Robert crandon J 



192. The parishe of ALLYNGTON. 

Fyrst, j challyee of syluer parcell gylt, iij payre of vestementes, 
j of blewe sarsenet, j of blewe satten of brydges, j of Whyt 
chamlet, ij copes, j of biewe satten of brydges, thother of 
Dornex, ij candelstickes & a sence of bras, ij belles in the 
Tower, j lyttell bell, j crosse & a pax of latten, ij corporas cases, 
with their carchiffes, j holy water pott of bras, ij Table clothes, 
ij Towelles ij Surplices. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide commys- 
sioners, j chalyce, j cope of blewe satten, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses com- 
myttede to the charge & custody of these men whose names be 
vnder wrytten. 



Sir Richard Fort curate Harry Egerdon^ 
Robert pytfold 1 William Waye 

Richard halker 'John Conwey 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 123 

193. The parishe of LANGTON HERRYNGE. 

Fyrst, iiij vestmentes, j of blewe veluet, j of redd satten of 
brydges, j blewe satten of brydges, j of redd russelles worsted, 
iij copes, j of blewe veluet thother ij sylke, j grene, thother 
murry wrought with sylke, j pyx of Syluer ij surplyces, Vj Table 
clothes, ij candelstickes of Latten, j sencer of latten, ij belles, j 
holy water pott of tyn, j lyche bell, j sance bell, ij sacringe belles. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j cope of murry sylke, with all the Table clothes & 
surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses to the custody of 
thes men vnder writen 

Sir Stephen Horsewell parson \ 

Robert carpenter /William Abranu 

John Gele [?] / John Smart ) 



194. The parishe of BRODWYNZOR. 

Fyrst, ij chalices of syluer thone parcell gylt, ij cruetes of 
syluer, j pycture of syluer, Vij payre of vestmentes j. of grene 
cullyred veluet, ij of whyt satten of brydges, j of grene Dornex, j 
of blew satten of brydges, j of blacke fustion, j of purpull 
sarsenet, ij copes, j of crane cullored veluet, j of sylke Dornex, 
ij table clothes, ij candelstickes & a sence of bras, j crosse of 
bras, j holy water pot of bras, iiij belles in the tower, j lyche 
bell, j surplyce. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, the worst chales, j cope of dornex, with all the table 
clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the the premisses 
comyttyd to the custody of thes men vnder wrytten 



Sir John Roche curate Nycholas Herchen-i 
John Mantell senior I Hughe Hyde 
John Adame (John Traske J 

John Mantell Junior J 



i24 CrtURCH GOODS, DORSEt, 1552. 

Mem. 17. 

195. The parishe of BURSTOCKE. 

Fyrst, j challice of Syluer parcell gylt, iiij vestmentes, j of 
blewe satten, j of blacke satten, j of whyt fustion, j of Turkye 
sattyn, ij copes, j of blewe satten j of grene satten of brydges, 
iij Table clothes of lynnyn, ij candelstickes & a sencer of bras, 
j crosse of latten, iij belles in the Tower, xij Small cheme 
belles 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the saide commys- 
sioners, j chalice of Syluer, j cope of grene satten of brydges, 
with all the Table clothes & surplyces, The resydewe of all the 
premysses commyttyd to the custody of thes men vndre wrytten. 

Sir John Hyggen vicar^ 



j j wu 

Robert bagge j-Thomas Hyckes"! 

John Howchens 'John Baker J 



196. The parishe of WYNTERBORNE STEPLETON. 

Fyrst, j chalice of syluer parcell gylt, j pyx of latten, iij 
vestmentes with thar albes ij of satten of brydges, thother 
fustion, ij copes, j of blewe damaske, thother of brydgs satten, 
Vij Table clothes, ij Towelles iiij frunt clothes for the Table, j 
of sylke ij of clothe bottken, thother of canvas, iij banner clothes 
of lynnyn clothe stayned j sepurker clothe steyned, j clothe for 
the rowde stayned, ij surplyces, ij crosses of latten vppon 
Tymber, j sencer of latten, j canapy over the pyx, j lyttell bell, 
ij cruetes ot tyn, j payre of candelstickes of latten, ij corporas 
cases of sylke, iij belles in the Tower, j lyche bell, j other bell 
called a sance bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope of brydges satten, with all the surplices 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 1*5 

& Table clothes, The resydewe of all the premysses commyttyd 
to the custody of these men whose names be vnder wrytten. 

Sir Robert Blundon curat-v Richard Lawrence 
John Meche senior ! Raff cake 

Richard Hodder J John Meche Junior 

Richard Myche 



197. The parishe of BRAPPAUL. 

Fyrst, j chalice of syluer parcell gylt, iij vestmentes, j of whyt 
satten of brydges, j redd Sarsenet, thother of Dornex, ij copes 
of Dornex, ij candelstickes & j sence of lattyn, ij Table clothes 
of lynnyn, ij chessebelles of sylke, iiij belles in the Tower & j 
lyche bell 

To thuse cf the Churche. Appoynted by the said comys- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope of Dornex, with all the Table clothes & 
surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd to thes 
men whose names be vnder writen 

Sir Robert Charde vicar 
Robert Waddon 1 William Weye 

John Hollerde j Richard Luter 

John Derke Nycholas Haller 



198. The parishe of RAWNASHAM. 

Fyrst, j chalyce of syluer all gylt, V vestmentes, j of crymsen 
veluet, j of purpull veluet j of crymsen taffy taye, j of blacke saye, 
j of Dornex, ij copes, j of crymsen veluet thother of blacke sylke, 
iij Table clothes, ij surplices, j crosse of Syluer parcell gylt j 
shipp of Syluer, ij candelstickes of Syluer, j sence of Syluer, j 
lyche bell, ij candelstyckes of latten, fyve belles in the Tower. 



126 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To the vse of the churche. Appayntyde by the sayde commys- 
sioners, j chalyce, j cope of blacke sylke, with the Table clothes 
& surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd to the 
custody of thes men vnder writen 

Sir Thomas burges parson"! William Cobthornel 
John Warren /John Keyneye J 

199. The parishe of WOTTON PHYTZ PAYNE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce with the cover parcell gylt, ij payre of vest- 
mentes, j of blew satten of brydges, j of redd Damaske, j cope 
of Dornex, ij candelstickes & A sence of brass, ij Table clothes, 
j lyche bell, iij belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of the churche, Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope of Dornex, with all ye Table clothes & 
surplices The resydewe of all the premysses comyttyd to these 

men under Wrytten. 

Sir John Serle parson, John russell \ 

William Locke | William Dare ; 

William Crosse 

200. The parishe of CHELBOROUGH. 

Fyrst, j chalice of syluer parcell gylt, iij vestmentes, j of blewe 
satten of brydges, j of grene Dornex thother of grene saye, j 
cope of redd satten of brydges, ij Table clothes of lynnyn, ij 
candelstickes, & a sencer of bras, j surplice, ij belles in the 
Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce of syluer parcell gylt, j vestment of grene 
Dornex, with all the Table clothes, & surplyces, The resydewe 
of all the premysses comyttyd to the custody & charge of these 
men vnder wryttyn 

Sir Roger grenewaye parson^ 

Harry Drake -Sansome Abbot) 

Harry Drawe J George baker / 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 12j 

Mem. ij. d. 

201. The parishe of TOLLERFORDE. 

Fyrst, j challes of Syluer parcell gylt with the pattent, j 
vestment of whyt Damaske, j of redd Damaske, ij candelstickes, 
and & A sencer of bras, j Table clothe, j cruet of leade, j cope 
of redd Damaske, ij belles in the Towre. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce of syluer, 1 vestment, with all the Table clothes 
and surplices, The resydewe of all the premysses to the custody 
of thes men vnder wrytten 

Sir James Bayly parson , Robert Dawe 

/William Skymer j- 

TnVin T)au'f Tnnior-' 



Richard Hyll j William Skymer 

John Dawe Senior John Dawe Junior^ 



202. The parishe of WRAXOLE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce parcell gylt, j cope of whyt Damaske, ij 
vestmentes, j of whyt Damaske thother of blewe satten of 
brydges, ij candelstickes of lattyn, j surples, ij Table clothes, ij 
belles in the Tower, j lyche bell. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyde by the saide commys- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope, with all the Table clothes & surplices 
The resydewe of all the premisses comytted to the custody of 
thes men vnder writen 

Sir Thomas Burges parson j William Tyser 1 
Symon mody j Richard Whorrbw/ 



203. The parishe of BETTYSCOMBE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce of syluer parcell gylt, iiij vestmentes, j blewe 
satten, j of whyt satten brydges, j of grene satten of brydges, j 
of Dornex, ij Table clothes, ij candelstickes and A sence of bras, 
j crosse of latten, ij Surplices, iij belles in the Tower. 



128 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j challes, j cope of Dornex, with all the Table clothes & 
surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyde to the 
custody, of thes men vnder writen 

Sir John Come parson \ 

John Dammat > Robert osborne~l 

Humfrey paule ' Robert rawe J 

204. The parishe of LYTTON. 

Fyrst, j chalyce parcell gylt, j cope of whyt Damaske, j 
vestment whyt Damaske, iij albes, ij Towelles, ij Table clothes, 
j surplice, j lyttell bell, ij cruetes of tyn j pyx of copper, j crosse 
of latten, iiij belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the saide corny s- 
sioners, j chalice, j cope of whyt Damaske, with all the Table 
clothes & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses, comyttyd 
to the custody of thes men whose names be vnder wrytten - 

Sir Willam Bullynge curat 
John Morton I Edmonde prowt-j 

Jppolat bartlet (William prowt 

John fawkener John pypwyne J 

205. The parishe of CHYLCOMBE. 

Fyrst, of challes Syluer [sic] parcell gylt, ij vestmentes, j redd 
sylke, thother whyt sylke, ij surplyces, ij candelstickes of bras, j 
crosse copper, iij Table clothes, j cope red veluet, j bell in the 
Tower 

To thuse of the chute he. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalys, j vestment red sylke, with all the Table clothes, 
& surplices The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd to the 
custody of thes men vnder wrytten 

Sir William Curry curat then 
Thomas Jesoppe J 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 129 

206. The parishe of PYLSDON. 

Fyrst, j chalys syluer parcell gylt, j cope of blewe Dornex, iiij 
payre of vestmentes, j redd Damaske, j blewe taffytay, j. blewe 
satten, j dornex, ij Table clothes of lynnyn j crosse & sencer of 
latten, ij candelstyckes of bras, ij belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoyntyd by the said commys- 
sioners, j chalyce, j vestment of red Damaske with all the Table 
clothes & surples, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyd 
to these men vnder writen 

Sir John Cooke curat-v 

William Jenkins Vjohn Demet \ 

Richard Smythe J William baker; 

207. The parishe of PORE TOWNE. 

Fyrst, j chalyce syluer with the pattent parcell gylt, j vestment 
grene sylke, ij Table clothes, j corporas of blacke veluet, Too 
belles in the Tower. 

To thuse of the churche. Appoynted by the sayd commys- 
sioners, j chalice, j vestment of grene sylke, with all the Table 
clothes, & surplices, The resydewe of all the premisses comyttyde 
to the custody of these men vnder Wrytten. 

Sir William Baker parson ) Thomas Stone ) 
Edward fowrde I Robert Dowche j 

Mem. 1 8. 

THE DENRY OF SHASTON'. 

208. The paryshe of BELLCHALLWELL. 

Firste one challice of Silver, iij Belles in the Towre, One 
payre of vestmentes of white Saten of Briges, j olde payre of 
vestmentes of Durnex j Cope of vnwateryd chamlet, j Syrples, ij 
Aulter clothes, j Crosse and ij candelstickes of Latyn. 



130 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To thuse of the churche there. Appoyncted by the saide 
commissioners, The saide chalis, the cope, The Syrples, And the 
table clothes, The reste commytted to the charge of suche as 
here after followethe, 



Sir Thomas vyall parson 

William Jolyffe \ 

Roberte Godwyne) John Tollervey 



William Jolvffe ) , Thomas Hayne 

\ churchevvardens. 



209. The paryshe of OSBORNE. 

Fyrst ij Belles, One Challice of Syluer, ij Candelstickes of 
Brasse, j olde Cope of Durnex. 

To thuse of the Churche there. Appoyncted by the saide 
Commyssioners, The saide Chalice of Siluer, A Cope of Durnex 
The resydue comytted to the charge of suche as hereafter 
followethe, 

Sir John Dunster vicar 

Robte Dowle 'i churche- Thomas Dowle } 

Walter Appleby/ wardens Thomas Rychemond) 

210. the paryshe of MELBURY OSMONDE. 

firste one chalice, V payre of vestmentes, ij copes, ij payre of 
candelstickes, j Censer of Brasse, j Sirples, iiij Aulter clothes, A 
Border of Silke, iiij Banners, j Crewet of Leade, ij crosses of 
Laten, iiij Belles iij Towels, j Trendall of yron, ij corporas 
casies. 

To the churche vse there, Appoyncted By the saide comys- 
sioners, The saide Chalice, one Cope, all the table clothes and 
Sirplies, The residue comytted to the charge of those vnder 
wry ten 

Sir Richarde Adams parson Giles Austyn 

John Sherston \ church- Henrye Wallys | parisheoners 

Roberte CowperJ wardens Roberte Bigges 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 13! 

211. The parishe of STOURE PARVYS. 

firste ij Chalices, one all gilte, and thother parcell gilte, One 
litell paxe of Siluer and gilte ij candelstickes of Latyn, one pixe 
of Brasse Yj Sacrynge bells, a Sencer of Brasse, iiij Belles in the 
Tower, ij crosses of Brasse, one holye water pott of Brasse, one 
vestment of red velvet one cope of the same, one vestment of 
Briges Satten, one Cope of the same, one vestment of blewe 
Satten of Briges, one cope of the same, iiij vestmentes, one of 
grene Satten of Briges, one of red saye one of Durnex silke, one 
of white Tweke, one table clothe of red and yelowe Satten of 
Briges, viij table clothes, one of red Saye, and the reste of 
Lynnen, iiij Curtens, ij of grene Sarcenet, and ij of grene and 
red Saye, one Stremer of Sarsenet, ij olde Banners, one lyttell 
pillowe of satten of Briges iiij corporas, one of velvet, one of 
checked Silke, ij of grene Satten of Briges, ij Syrples. 

Sir Richard Atkynson parson William Mayo 

Richarde Ameyre ) churche- John Dowdynge 

, _ . . >panssheoners 

Thomas trowtell ; wardens Cristopner temple 

John Lodye 

To the use of the churche there. Appoyncted by the saide 
comyssioners One challice parcell gilte one cope of red velvet 
one vestment of Satten of Briges and A Cope to the same, ij 
Syrples, iiij lynnen table clothes, The resydue to the custodie of 
the parson churchewardens & parissheoners abouenamed. 



212. The paryshe of SYLTON. 

Firste One chalice of Syluer parcell gilte, one Sencers [sic] of 
Latyn, one Crosse of Copper, ij greate Candelstickes of Brasse, 
ij smalle Candelstickes of Brasse. one Candelsticke of brasse 
branched, one payre of vestmentes of red velvet, one payre of 
vestmentes of Red sylke, one payre of vestmentes of blewe 
Satten of Bridges One Cope of blewe Satten of Briges, one 
payre of vestmentes of red Russell, one Cope of Silke, one 



132 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

Syrples, V aulter clothes, iij clothes to hange before the aulter 
ij payre of Curteyns, one aulter clothe of red sylke, iij Banuers 
and A stremer iij corporas with ij casies, iij Belles in the 
Towre. 

To the churche vse there. Appoyncted by the saide commys- 
sioners, One Challice the blewe cope of Briges Satten, with the 
table clothes, and Syrples The reste commytted to the charges 
of those vnderwryten 

Sir John forward parson 

William Butte ) churche- Thomas Hopkvns) 

pansheoners. 
Richarde parsons) wardens Stephane Moger J 

213. The parishe of STOKE GAYLARD. 

firste. One chalice parcell gilte, ij vestmentes, thone of 
Canvas, and thother of blacke Saye with A red crosse, ij Copes, 
thone blewe satten of Briges, and thother Red save, ij Belles in 
the Towre, one Syrples, ij table clothes, and ij Towelles of 
Lynnen 

Sir John Colcell parson 
Thomas Dave churchwarden. 

To the vse of the churche there. Appoyncted by the commys- 
sioners, One chalice, ij copes thone blewe Satten of Briges and 
thother of red Saye, ij table clothes of Lynnen, one Syrples, The 
resydue to the custodye of the parson and churchewarden 
abouenamyd 

214. The parishe of WOOTTON NOR. 

fyrste One chalice of Syluer, iij belles, A crosse of Laten, 
ij candelstyckes of brasse ij payre of vestmentes, thone blewe 
Silke, thother grene Satten of Briges, iiij aulter clothes, one 
Syrples, a corporas, and ij clothes, A cope of grene, Satten of 
briges 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 133 

To thuse of the churche there. Appoyncted by the saide 
commyssioners, one chalice, A cope of Briges Saten with all the 
table clothes, and Syrples, The resydue of the premysses are 
comytted to the custodye of those vnder wryten 

Sir John Dunster curate, William Oldyshe ^ 
Richarde Wryte \ churche- William grenynge 
Thomas Manfilde ) wardens Henry Arber 

John Hoode 



Mem. 18. d. 

215. The parishe of OVER COMPTON. 

firste One Chalice of Syluer, one crosse of Laten, iiij Belles, 
one corporas case, ij aulter clothes, ij olde copes, iiij payre of 
vestementes ij car.delstickes of Laten, one Syrples. 

To the churche vse there. Appoyncted by the saide commys- 
sioners, one chalice, a cope of grene with all the Table clothes 
& Syrples, The reste comytted to the charge of these vnder 
wryten 

Sir Roberte frye parson 

Raynolde Hane } churche- Cutberte Amers j 

Thomas Gill ) wardens Thomas Mychell ) 

216. The paryshe of FAWKE alias ALVESTON. 

firste One Chalice of Syluer, iij Belles, vj payre of vestmentes, 
one red Silke, another whyte Silke, another blewe, and ij other 
of Crane coloure silke, and the sixthe of grene threade, iij Copes 
one of Crymson velvet Another of grene Satten, And another of 
grene Durnex iiij aulter clothes A fronte for the aulter of Silke, 
iij paxes of Laten ij Candelstickes of Brasse, one Sencer of 
Brasse, A crosse of Brasse, A corporas case, and iij clothes. 

To the churche vse there. Appoyncted, One chalice, a Cope of 
grene Satten, with all the aulter clothes and Syrples, The 



134 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

resydue of the premysses are commytted to the custodie of those 

vnder wryten 

Henrye fuller churchewarden 

Edwarde Hull 

James Lacey ( parissheoners. 

John Ladwyn ' 

217. The parishe of HAYDON. 

firste one challice parcell gilte, ij copes, thone of Dornex, 
thother of blewe satten iij vestmentes, one grene velvet, Another 
of Durnex, & Another of white fustyan, ij Syrplies, ij candel- 
stickes of brasse, ij Crewettes of Tynne, ij Banners, thone grene, 
thother Red, one paxe of coper, iij belles in the Towre, ij Lyche 
belles, ij Albes, iij table clothes. 

To the churche vse there. Appoyncted by the saide commys- 
sioners, the saide chalice, one Cope of Dornex ij Syrples and iij 
table clothes, The resydue to the custodie and charge of those 
vnder wryten 

Sir John Warwell vicar John Golvesnye 

Roberte Stalbridge | churche- William Cuffe > parisheoners 

Thomas Togood ) wardens Raynolde Hickes 

218. The paryshe of THORNEFORD. 

firste One chalice of Siluer, iij payre of vestmentes, one cope 
of tawnye Durnex, iij corporas clothes, iiij Aulter clothes, ij 
Towelles, iij Belles in the Towre, one crosse of Latyn, ij candel- 
stickes of Latyn. 

To thuse of the churche there. Appoyncted by the saide 
Commyssioners, the said Chalice, the tawnye cope with all the 
table clothes and Syrples, The resydue commytted to the charge 
of those vnder wryten, 

Sir John Russell parson Roberte Stryde 
William Elys | churche- John Dybsdall . 
Thomas Kinge ) wardens Richard Crybbe ' 

John Olver 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 135 

219. The parishe of NETHER COMPTON. 

First one chalis of Syluer ij peyre of vestmentes of Sylke j 
cope of grene iij corporas clothes iiij alter clothes iij belles in 
the tower 

To the churche vse. Appoynted by the said commyssyoners 
the said chalis and the grene cope with all the table clothes and 
surplecis The residewe comytted to the charge of them vnder 
wryten 

Pancras Gront parson Nycholas Maunfyld \ 

Robert Hodgis | Nycholas coll j 

Thomas pytman j 

220. The parishe of BERHACKET. 

First one chalice of syluer one paire of vestmentes of whyt 
satten one Cope of Red saten of brigis one surples iij alter 
clothes ij corporas clothes with cases thone of Red veluet 
thother of whyt saten iij belles one candelstycke of laten. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said commyssyoners the 
chalis, and the Cope with all the alter clothes and surplesis the 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Henry Smythe parson 

Wylliam Doll \ John Churchhowse | 

Thomas Lamcent j Hughe panter j 

221. The parishe of STURMISTER NEWTON. 

First iij chalices of syluer, a pyx of syluer ij cruetes of syluer 
iiij belles ij paire of candelstykes one of brase thother of Tynne 
ij holywater pottes of brase, j vestment of Red veluet one Grene 
suyt of Damask, a suyt of blacke Damaske a suyt of whyt 
vestmentes a vestment of whyt chamlet ij pere of vestmentes 
very old vij alter clothes iij towelles ij banners of Sylke ij other 
of Clothe ij surpleces one oyle boxe of Syluer one payre of 

censers [sic] 
vestmentes of Syluer 



136 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssyoners the 
worst chalis one Cope of blewe veluet with all the table clothes 
and surplecys The rest comytted to the charge of them vnder 
wryten 

Lawrence bentame curat Thomas Yong 

Richard Chemocke ) churche- William Yngrame > parisheoners 

Robert Ford ) wardens Matthewe Gyllet / 



222. The parishe of CAUNDELL MARSHE. 

First one chalis of syluer iij payre of vestmentes iiij alter 
clothes ij cruetes of led j censer of bras ij table clothes of 
canvas ij candelstyckes of bras ij corporas clothes j corporas j 
surples one alter clothe to hang before the alter j banner of 
Sylke. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said commyssioners the 
chalis and one whyt Cope with all the table clothes and surpleses 
The rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Hull parson John Hull \ 

William burt | churche- Harry burt ,-parisheoners 

Thomas Curtyes j wardens John burt J 

Mem. 19. 

223. The parishe of LYLLINGTON. 

First j chalis of syluer ij corporas cases with iiij clothes viij 
alter clothes vj peyre of vestmentes ij of Red sylke a nother whyt 
sylk & red, a nother of crane colord sylke and a nother of grene 
sylk, ij towelles ij brasen candelstyckes a censer of brase ij 
cruetes of tynne one crose of Coper parcell gylt one paxe of 
Copper parcell gilt ij surpleses ij copes, one of blewe veluet 
thother of gren sylk iiij belles 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 13) 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssiooners, one 
chalis of syluer one cope of gryne sylk with all the table clothes 
and surpleces, the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder 
wryten 

William Chapell churchwarden 
William Keylwaye John Chapell 
Thorns master 

224. The parishe of STOWER EST OUER. 

First j peyre of vestments of whyt saten embroderid, j peyre 
of old vestments of red saten embroderid ij copes of saten one 
whyt another greyne j chalis of syluer parcell gilt ij alter clothes 
of Lynen j crose of Latyn j peyre of candelstyckes of Laten 
j censar of Laten j front to the alter of yelowe saye j banner of 
gryne sylk j paxe of laten iij belles in the tower 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners, the 
chalis and the grene Cope with all the table clothes and 
surpleses, the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Richard Cave ^ 

William Stanley curat William Weyt 

, , , , D . , _ pansheoners 

Thomas Chaper} churche- Richard Craspyn 

peter bulleyne J wardens Richard More 

225. The parishe of LONG BURTON. 

First j chalis of syluer j cope of Red saten of briges ij peyre 
of vestmentes thone red sylk thother grene iiij alter clothes 
iiij belles a crose of brase ij candelstyches of brase j surples 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssyoners the 
chalis and the cope of Red saten of briges with all the table 
clothes and surpleses, the rest comytted to the charg of them 
vnder wryten 

Walter Hayes vicar Edmond Downton^ 

Thomas Rowde churche- Rise Tytchet |parisheoners 

warden Robert pytman J 



138 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

226. The parishe of HOLNESS. 

First j chalis of syluer a cope of blewe saten ij peyre of 
vestmentes thone of whyt saten of briges thother of Red iij 
belles, ij surpleses ij alter clothes ij towelles ij candelstyckes of 
brase 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis with the cope of blewe saten, and all the table clothes 
and surpleces, the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder 
wryten 

Walter Hays vicar 



Walter Vyncent} churche- Robert Corme "I 
Thomas Corme) wardens Walter CormeJ 



eoners 



227. The parishe of GYLLINGHAM. 

First j crose of syluer parcell gylt j sencer of syluer j shippe of 
syluer j paxe of syluer ij cruetes of syluer ij chalecis of Syluer & 
gylt j cope of Red veluet one whyt cope of sylke j of black saye 
j of Red, j of grene j suyt of Red veluet j purple a nother suyt of 
whyte j blewe j blacke, j newe vestment of whyt j blewe vestment 
of Damask j vestment of whyt j old cheseble ij clothes of draper 
for the table ij clothes of holond for the table ij clothes that dyd 
hang before the vont ij towelles for the lavetory ij surplecis ij 
Rochetes ij peyre of organes iij Lynen clothes j crose of brase j 
censar of brase iiij candelstyckes of brase a paxe of brase j holy 
water pot of brase iiij banners of sarcenet ij streymers ij curtyns 
iij cushines iij corporas j oyle vate of Tynne V great belles j 
lytele bell 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis the cope of Crymeson veluet with all the table clothes and 
surpleses, the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Hankines curat Nycholas Rykes \ 

John Mathewe) churche- John Garret 

ypansheoners 
I homas Aishe J wardens John Stone 

Walter HenburyJ 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 139 

228. The parishe of BATCOMBE. 

First iiij belles ij peire of vestmentes of saten j cope of gryne 
Dornex ij surpleses j corporas clothe vj alter clothes iij towelles 
j peyre of candelstyckes of brase j crose of laten 

The the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
cope with all the table clothes and surpleses The rest comytted 
to the charge of them vnder wryten 

William Slade parson 

Henry Kent ) , John Wyffyne 

TT ' . [churchewardens , , 

Henry Myntorne ) John Myntorne 



229. The parishe of FVNTNELLE. 

First j cope ij peyre of vestmentes one of blewe fustyane 
thother of Red sylk j chalis of syluer j paxe of syluer j front 
clothe of saten of brigis ij surplecis iiij belles in the tower j 
crose of brase ij candelstyckes of brase j peyre of censers of 
brase iij table Clothes of Lynen ij towelles of Lynen ij front 
clothes of partye sylke 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and the Cope with all the table clothes and surpleces the 
rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

William Rydo'wt vicar Harry Hastoll 

Thomas Cryne ) churche- John barter . 
Harry Skynner) wardens John Swetnam ' 

John Davye 



230. The parishe of COMPTON ABBAS. 

First ij chalices one gilt thother vngilt j pixe of siluer j paxe 
of coper j censer of brase iiij vestmentes j of veluet j of Sylke j 
of saten of brigis j cope of saten of brigis vj alter clothes of 
whyt Lynen ij towelles of Lynen iij belles 



*40 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssyoners one 
chalis j cope of saten of briges with all the table clothes and 
surplesis the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Christoper Rigley parson Richard Come 
William Sevyer ^ churche- John brode I 

Harry Cryne ) wardens Edward Williams I 

John brokman 

Mem. 19. d. 

231. The parishe of YETMINSTER. 

First v belles in the tower j suyt of vestmentes with a cope of 
blewe veluet j suyt of vestmentes of black wosted, with a cope j 
payre of vestmentes of whyt saten, one paire of vestmentes of 
Red wosted j paire of blewe chamlet j peyre of blewe sylke, j 
paire of blewe wosted j cope of Gryne Sylk, j cope of whyt 
fustyane ij banners of Lynen clothe ij surpleces vj alter clothes j 
chalis parcel 1 gyllt iiij towelles 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis with the Cope of whyt fustyane, with all the table clothes 
and surpleces The Rest comytted to the charge of them vnder 
wryten 

John Turner Curat Wylliam Shery , 

Thomas Mvndaye^ churche- Wylliam Wyllesl 

. , Ipanslu 
John Myller J- wardens Walter phelpes 

Thomas carter ' John Aylvord 



iconers 



232. The Chapell of LIGHE. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gylt j crose of laten j candel- 
styck of brase ij cruetes of led j cope of Grene Dornexe ij peyre 
of vestmentes one Red thother Grene wosted iij belles j corporas 
with his clothe ij alter clothes of Lynen j alter clothe of Dornex 
j surples 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 141 

To Ihe churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and the Cope of Grene Dornex with all the table clothes 
and surpleses the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder 
wryten 

Owen vpryce curat 
Walter phelpes^ 
John Myller J 

233. The Chappell of CHETNOLL. 

First j chalis of Syluer j corporas and a clothe ij Table clothes 
iij payre of vestmentes ij candelstyckes of Laten iij belles 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and the cope with all the table clothes and surpleces The 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten. 

Austyne Grene curat Tristrame Maynard 
John Aylvord Thomas Dyar 

234. The parishe of BRODFORD. 

First iij chalices of syluer j paire of vestmentes j cope of 
Crimeson veluet V peyre of vestmentes wherof one is of Sylk the 
rest of Dornex ij old copes iiij alter clothes of Saten of briges 
and V of canvas, Vj alter clothes of Dyaper j of locorom 
[lockram] Item one hundred of led in weight, half a hundred 
of candelstyck metail V belles in the tower, Viij towelles ij 
corporas iij corporas clothes 

To the churche vse. apoynted by the said comyssyoners the 
worst chalis j cope of crymeson veluet with all the table clothes 
and surplesis, the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder 
wryten 



Thomas Master vicar John Garret 

John Somer \ churche- Lyonell Fraunces j-parisheoners 

Nycholas Syller) wardens William Daynyell' 



14* CHURCH GOOfcS, t)ORSEt, 1552. 

235. The paryshe of STALBRIDGE. 

Firste one paxe of siluer gilte, ij chalis, one gilte, thother 
vngilte, one pixe of syluer parcell gilte, one payre of Crewetes 
of Syluer, ij Crosses of coper ij payre of Crewetes of Tynne iij 
paxes, one of whyte bone, another of Brasse, & another of coper, 
iij Sacrynge belles one sencer of Laten, iij payre of st?e [jzV] 
Stertes \handles ?~\ of Brasse, iij corporas, iij corporas clothes, V 
Cussyns of Sylke, One Suet of vestmentes of whyte Damaske 
with a cope to the same & an Aulter clothe of the same, one Suet 
of vestementes of grene Silke, with a cope, to the same, one 
payre of blacke Damaske, one payre of blewe Silke, one payre of 
whyte checker silke, one other payre of whyte Silke, one Cope 
of checked Silke, iij clothes for the Aulter, iij for the syde Aulter 
of diaper iiij frontes of stayned clothes a dexte clothe of the 
same, iij payre of curtens stayned iij Towelles, twoo napkyns 
ij kerches for the Crosse, one fyne towell of diaper ij dexte 
clothes of diaper ij towelles for the aulter. one towell for the 
fonte, iij Syrples ij rochetes, iiij Belles in the towre. 

To the churche vse. Appoyncted by the said commyssioners. 
one chalis vngilte one cope of grene Silke, with all the table 
clothes and Syrples The reste commytted to the charge of them 
vnder wryten 

William Vowell curat Hughe Weston 

William Kaylewayk churche- Thomas Snoke 
John Jenes senior/ wardens thomas Atwaters 

John Jenes Junior, 



236. The parishe of MARNHULL. 

First iij chalices of Syluer ij parcell gylt thother vngilt j pax 
of Syluer j pyx of syluer iiij suytes of vestmentes ij corporas 
cases of sylk one of black veluet iij surpleces ij table clothes j 
front clothe of sylk stayned ij candelstyckes of bras j censer of 
bras ij candelstyckes of Syluer iiij belles 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 143 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
said chalis vngilt, one of the vestmentes with all the table 
clothes and surpleses the rest comytted to the charge of them 
vnder wryten 

Robert Tucker Curat Thomas Poldon 

John Keylwaye } churche- Nycholas Joyse 
Nycholas Keylwaye J wardens Thomas Keylwaye ' 

Thomas bromker . 



237. The parishe of MELBURYE BUBE with the 
Chapell of WOLCOMBE. 

First ij chalecis of syluer, j corporas clothe ij kerchews ij alter 
clothes of lynen ij peyre of vestmentes one cope of blewe saten, 
iiij belles in the Churche of melbury forsaid and ij belles in the 
said chapell, ij candelstyckes of brase j bason of laten j crose of 
laten 

To the churche vse. Apoyntend by the said comyssioners one 
chalis for melbury forsaid and the other for the chapell aforsaid 
the blewe Cope of Saten with all the alter clothes and surpleses 
and the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten. 

Richard Skaland parson , 
Walter Foye William Hebdige \ 

Alexander buckeler Walter Coxe ) 
William Foye 

Mem. 20. 

238. The parishe of HYNTON MARY. 

First j chalis of syluer iij belles in the tower j peyre of 
vestementes j cope j surples iij table clothes of Lynen ij candel- 
styckes of brase one paxe of laten. 



144 CHURCH GOODS, DORSEt, 1552. 

To the vse of the churche. Apoynted by the said comyssioners 
the chalis and Cope the rest comytted to the charge of the vnder 
wryten. 

John Chiles Curate Robert Etman 

Richard Shote \ churche- Robert Markes 

pansheoners 
John Gardyner) wardens John Hart 

Henry samfer 



239. The parishe of STOURE ESTOUER. 

First j chalis parcell gilt ij corporas with their cases ij alter 
clothes ij candelstyckes of brase iij peyre of vestmentes one old 
cope of whyt Damaske ij surpleces j Rochet iij belles j sencar of 
bras 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners, the 
chalis and Cope, with all the table clothes and surplecis the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten. 

John bleke curat Richard pytrige 

Richard Wyllet j churche- John Demer 

Vpansheoners 
Harry vanner ) wardens John Coles 

Robert Grene 



240. The parishe of MARGARET MARSHE. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gylt ij table clothes j surples ij 
candelstyckes of laten j crose of coper j cope of dornex iij 
vestmentes j pype of brase iij belles in the tower 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis the cope of dornex with all the table clothes & surpleces 
the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten. 

John George curat John Hoper ) 

T . _ ^ churchewardens 

Johe Catman) 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 145 

241. The parishe of MOTCOMBE. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gilt iiij old vestmentes ij copes 
ij front clothes of canvas stayned iij table clothes of lynen iij 
corporas cases iij surpleses j Rochet ij candelstyckes of laten j 
crose of laten j censer of laten j holywater pot of laten iiij belles 
j lyche bell 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and one cope with all the table clothes & surplecis the 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

John Wykes curat John Carre 

William Wykes \ churche- William Spencer parisheoners 

William brokwaye J wardens William Mountyer 

242. The parishe of YEWREN MYNSTER. 

First ij chalis of syluer j crose of copper j pax of syluer j 
censer of copper j pere of candelstyckes of laten j pyx of syluer 
iij copes of sylke V peyre of vestmentes thone of tany sylke with 
decon and subdecon, the second red sylke the third of red 
damaske thother ij of blacke ij corporas cases with theire clothes 
iij surpleses ij alter clothes iiij belles in the towere 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners j 
chalis j cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comyted to the charge of them vndre wryten 



William Tomson curat William Shaft 

Richard Vyvyan \ churche- William Graver 
John phylipyn .' wardens John Frenche 



parisheoners 



243. The parishe of EST ORCHARD. 

First j chalis of syluer j vestmentes [f] j cope ij candel- 
styckes of brase ij table clothes j front clothe of canvas stayned 
ij pax of brase j peyre of censers of brase j towell ij belles 



146 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and cope with all the table clothes and surpleses, the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten. 

Thomas Rede \ churche- William beamond) 

T u n 11 A T u /-u pansheoners 

John Collyns ; wardens John Chypman ) 



244, The parishe of TOTBERE. 

First ij peyre of vestmentes, thone grene sylke thother blewe 
saye j cope of grene saye j chalis of syluer parcell gilt ij candel- 
styckes of brase j censer of laten ij belles 

To the churche vse, Apoynted by the saide comyssioners the 
chalis and the cope of grene saye with all the table clothes and 
surpleses the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

William Gaye \ churche- John Cave \ 
Thomas Pope) wardens Thomas Stone I 



245. The parishe of CHILD OKEFORD inferior & 
superior. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gilt j cope of grene saten of 
briges j surples ij paire of vestmentes of grene saten of briges ij 
alter clothes j towell iij belles. 

To the churche use. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and cope of grene with all the tabell clothes and surpleses 
the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten. 



William Wvlkockes curat Gylbert Shere 

\ Wieners 



William Arnold \ churche- Robert Payne 
William freman J wardens 



I parishk 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 147 

246, The parishe of ST. JAMES in SHASTON. 

First j chalis of syluer percell gilt ij peire of vestmentes ij 
copes thone of blewe veluet thother cheker ij corporas with their 
cases ij surpleses iij alter clothes ij towelles ij candelstyckes of 
Latyn ij sacring belles iij belles in the tower 

To the chitrche vse Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis the cope of blewe with all the table clothes and surpleses 
the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Walter Hewes vicar William percy 

Antony Anketell \ churche- Henry Henberyl 
Richard Wilkynes) wardens John beamond j ' 

John Ganter 

247. The TRYNITYE in SHASTON. 

First ij chalis of syluer parcell gilt Vj peire of vestmentes ij 
copes ij pyxes one of bone thother of laten j paxe of syluer 
parcell gylt Vj alter clothes of lynen iiij frontes to hang before 
the alter of peynted clothe j draper towell a canapye of Gryne 
sylke ij peyre of candelstyckes of laten ij banners of Sylke iiij 
belles j lytell saunce belles, [sic] 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners j 
chalis j cope of blewe veluet with all the table clothes and 
surpleses the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

William Axe \ churche- Peter Syluester 
John Rear ) wardens Walter blandford | parisheoners 
John Trent 

248, ST. PETERS in SHASTON. 

First xv peyre of vestmentes iiij copes xviij alter clothes iiij 
frontes to hange before the alter j peyre of candelstyckes of laten 
j bason and yewer of laten ij chalis of siluer thone parcell gilt 
thother all gilt iij belles in the tower iij surpleses ix banners ij 
stremers, Vj corporas cases iiij towelles 



148 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

To the churche me. Apoynted by the said comyssioncrs j 
chalis j cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder writen. 

John Rodberd parson John Fuell 
William nell John bartor 



249. The parishe of ROMBOLL. 

First j chalis of siluer parcell gilt j cope of satene of briges 
Viij vestmentes ij belles iiij alter clothes ij towelles one border 
of Sylke ij curtynes of Red Sylke 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis one cope with all the table clothes and surpleces the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wry ten 

Thomas Glase curat John fowell -v 

Peter Hascalh churche- John Haskall Vparisheoners 
Thomas pore J wardens Thomas Sheve' 
plus in dorso 

Mem. 20. d. 

250. The Chapell of WEST ORCHERD. 

First j chales of Syluer parcell gylt ij peyre of vestmentes 
thone of sylke thother of sa[ten of] briges, j cope of Sylke j 
crose of brase j censer of brase ij candelstyckes of [brase] ij 
belles 

To the vse of the church. Apoynted by the said comyssioners 
the chalis one cope with all the table clothes and surpieses the 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Walter Mewe ) , 

..,,. , [ churcnewardens 

William Combe; 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 149 

251. The parishe of HOLWALL. 

First ij chalis thone gilt thother parcell gylt V belles in the 
tower j lyche bell ij s[acri-ng] belles, ij crosses one of Coper gylt 
thother of laten and gylt ij copes one of pur[pull] veluet thother 
of old sylke a paxe of laten gilt ij pyllowes to laye the crose 
[vpon] iij peyre of vestmentes one of grene and Red veluet 
thother ij of sylke j lynen clothe to cover the vant ij corporas 
clothes ij cruetes of Tynne ij candelstyckes of brase j holywater 
pot of belmetall iij old towelles iij old alter clothes [of] lynen 
one front clothe for the alter stayned j surples a sepulcer clothe 

To the vse of the churche. Apoynted by the said comys- 
sioners j chalis j cope with all the table clothes and surples the 
rest corny tted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

William Wolsaye parson Harry Olvuer ) 
Robert Olyuen churche- William Shaffy) 
Edward Keby ) wardens 



252. The parishe of CAUNDELL EPISCOPI. 

First ij chalis of syluer one all gylt thother parcell gylt V table 
clothes ij towelles of draper iij shetes of lockrome iij front 
clothes for the table a grene sarcenet that served for the pyx 
iiij peyre of vestmentes wherof ij be saten of briges, ij old copes 
of veluet one blewe thother Red j surples a peyre old sencers of 
bras ij candelstyckes of brase iiij belles in the tower a holy water 
pot of bras 

The churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners j chalis 
tbe Red cope with all the table clothes and surplesis the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Elyot curat 

- Richard Farlev) , Thomas Lyllye 

churchewardens _, 
Richard byrt ) Raynold martyne 



150 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

253. The parishe of PURSE CAUNDELL. 

First j chalis of syluer iij belles iiij peyre of vestmentes of sylk 
ij copes one of [silk] thother of Dornex iiij alter clothes ij 
candelstyckes of laten ij cruetes of lede j crose of laten j sencer 
of laten ij corporas with there cases ij banners of peynted .... 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said commyssioners the 
chalis the cope of Dornex, with all the table clothes and 
surpleses the rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Moden parson William Mewe \ 

John Domet ) churche- Thomas Duffet J parisheoners 

John Mewe ) wardens Thomas James; 



254. The parishe of STORTON CAUNDELL. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gylt j pyx of laten j shipe of 
laten j crose of Laten j peyre of candelstyckes of laten j peyre of 
censers of laten j vestment of yelow [silk] j of blacke wosted ij 
copes of whyt and red sylke j peyre of curtynes of [silk] iij table 
clothes iiij belles in the tower 

To ihs churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis & the red cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the 
rest comyted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Robert Symondes curat Laurence Hanne 

John byell ) churche- Peter Mewe (parisheoners 

William Clement) wardens Ellis churchill J 



255. The parishe of LYD LINGECHE. 

First j chalis of syluer gylt j peyre of vestmentes of red sylke 
ij candelstyckes of bras j crose of laten j alter clothe j towell ij 
chesebelles iij belles 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 



To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners, the 
chalis and vestment with all the table clothes and surpleses the 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 



Thomas Jurdan parson 
Jeflfery Roman ) churche- 



Nycholas Roman 
Edmond narbard ) 



jcjiciy rvunidn uaurcne- jLumonu naroaru i . , 

n . , , > pansheoners 

Richard Eyre ) wardens Richard Styckley j 

nycholas Hane 



256. The parishe of KINGTON MA.GNA. 

First j chalis of syluer j crose of laten j cope of Red saten of 
briges ij peyre of vestmentes thone of whyte saten of brigis 
thother of grene j surples j alter clothe a corporas clothe iiij 
belles j censer ij candelstyckes of brase 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 



Robert palmer curat 
John Coke \ churche- 
Johnyongei wardens 



William yonge 
Robert Everod 
Christopher were 
Henry Dowdinge 



parisheoners 



257. The parishe of BOCHORNE WESTON. 

First j chalis parcell gylt j cope of grene sylke ij peyre of 
vestmentes j of blewe sylke thother of save ij surpleses iij alter 
clothes ij candelstyckes of brase j censer of bras iij belles in the 
tower 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners, the 
chalis and cope of grene with all the table clothes and surpleses 
the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 



Richard Hart parson 
Elysaunder yong 
Thomas Davage 



churche- 
wardens 



Harry yong parisheoner 



152 CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 

258. The parishe of SUTTON WALRON. 

First ij peyre of vestmentes of Saten of briges ij copes one of 
saten of briges thother of vvhyt thred j chalis of Syluer ij candel- 
styckes of brase j broken Crose of brase iij alter clothes to hang 
before the alter of saye and xij Lynen Clothes to ley apon the 
alter j pyx of brase j censer of brase iij banners of lynen clothe 
j corporas with his Clothe ij surples one clothe callid a Lent 
clothe iij belles in the tower 

To the churche me. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis one cope with all the table clothe and surpleses the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten. 



William Mychell parson John King 

Vmfrev Andro ) churche- William Mychell 

..,.. ' TT .. | T i ^ pansheoners 

William HurrelU wardens John Osmont 

John Hilgro 



Mem. 21. 

259. The parishe of MANSTONE. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gilt ij copes of saten of briges 
V table clothes of lynen iiij belles iij vestmentes one of purple 
veluet ij of grene saten of briges j crose of brase j pyxe of laten 
ij frontes of clothe of goold ij surples j bruing led iij corporas 
and ij cases 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis j cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Cooles parson 

John Dvcke ) churche- John Comvche} 

' ' ., \ pansheoners 

Thomas Rident; wardens Robert Tappe ) 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 153 

260. The parishe of FYFFELD MAUDLYN. 

First j chals of siluer parceil gilt iij vestmentes one of vvhyt 
damaske, j of blacke saye the third of red save ij copes j of red 
veluet thother of red fustyane of apes ij table clothes of lynen ij 
brasen candelstyckes j holywater pot of brase j surples iij belles 
in the tower 

To the churche vse, Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis one cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten. 

Robert Newman ) churche- John Newman) 
Robert browne ) wardens John Somer ) 



261. The parishe of EWREN CURTNEY. 

First j chalis parceil gilt j vestment of crimeson veluet j of 
saten of briges j of grine with birdes j of chaungeable grene and 
yewlow j of blewe sylke embroderid with pecokes with j cheseble 
with decon and subdecon of the same j cope of crimeson 
Damaske one alter clothe of blewe and yellowe sylke j of lynen 
stayned j corporas case of clothe of goold and veluet iij belles V 
old table clothes 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners j 
chalis the cope of crimeson damaske with all the table clothes 
and surpleses the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder 
wryten 

Thomas Hebbes Curat Christopher Swetname 

Robert Godwyne ) churche- Edward tapper I parisheoners 

John Can dye J wardens John wyche 

262. The parishe of FARINDON. 

First ij peyre of vestmentes of lynen j surples j cope of tany 
Damaske ij alter clothes ij belles 



154 CHURCH GOObs, DORSET, 1552. 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comissioners the 
cope of tany damaske with all the table clothes and surpleses the 
rest comytted to the charge of them vnder wryten 

Thomas Hebbes curat 

Edward Tapper John Wyche 



263. The parishe of OKFORD PHtPPIN. 

First j chalis of siluer hole gilt iij peire of vestmentes j purple 
veluet j whit saten of briges thother of black chamelet ij copes j 
of purple veluet thother of whyt saten of briges iiij alter clothes 
j of saten of briges iij of lynen j crose of bras ij surpleses iiij 
belles in the tower 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comissioners, the 
chalis and cope of whyt saten of briges with all the table clothes 
and surpleses the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder 
wryten 

Thomas Hanne curat Edward House \ 

William Whvt ) John phelpes ' 

XT i -I/ I churchewardens ..,, \ 

Nycholas M ewe J William Fote ) 



264. The parishe of RYME. 

First j chalis of siluer j vestment of Grene saten j cope of 
blewe saten of briges ij cruetes of led j censer of brase ij candel- 
styckes of brase j crose of laten ij basons of brase j holywater 
pot of brase ij belles ij kye at xxiiijs. price 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comissioners 
the chalis and cope with all the Table clothes and surpleses the 
rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten. 

William Hodges parson 

William Russell) , 

churchewardens . 

Richard parker ) John Hill pansheoner 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. I$5 

265. The parishe of MELBURY ABBIS. 

First j chalis of syluer parcell gilt j cope of whyt Damaske j 
peire of vestments of red veluet j cheseble of whyt canvas iiij 
candelstyckes of brase j surples ij table clothes j front of Sylk 
j crose Laten j censer of brase iiij belles in the tower 

To the churche vse. Apoynted by the said comyssioners the 
chalis and cope with all the table clothes and surpleses the rest 
comitted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

Robert byrd parson John Hiscock-v 

William Dewbyn) churche- William Forse Vparisheoners 

Thomas Everard J wardens John pettye * 



266. The parishe of SHIRBORNE. 

First iiij belles ij suytes of vestmentes with decon subdecon 
and cope to the same ij other copes, j front to the highe alter j 
chalis of syluer parcell gilt ij corporas and ij clothes ij curtyns 
of sylk j peyre of Red vestmentes j peyre of Grene vestmentes 
iij other peyre 

To ike churche vse. Apoynted by the said comissioners the 
chalis and the whit cope with all the table clothes and surpleses 
the rest comytted to the charg of them vnder wryten 

Nycholas Ingleber) churche- John yong 
Thomas Wyneff J wardens William meyor 



parisheoners 
John Stephens^ 



Jarvts Aishley I 
J 



(Signed) 

GYLES STRANGWAYES 

JOHN HORSSEY 

GEORGE DE LA LYND 

THOMAS TRENCHARD 



156 CHURCH GOOfcS, t>ORSE, 1552. 

Mem. 22. 

THE DEFAUTES OF THE DENRIES^ 
above wrytten as foloweth 

The parishe of CHERMESTER. 

Ther Lackythe one challys sold by the 
parishoners waynge xij onces at iiijs. viijd. the 
once comythe to 

The parishe of RADYPOLL. 

Ther lackythe one cope of saten of brydges^ 
price ) vs. 

The parishe of WYNFRYTHE. 

Ther Lackythe one chalis of syluer & one pax^ 
of syluer waynge xix onces at iiijs. viijd. the once) 

The parishe of WHYTCHURCHE. 

Ther lackythe one coppe of blewe chamlet 
price xs. 

j vestment blewe veluet price xxs. 

The parishe of MEADON NEWTON. 

Ther Lackythe one bell sold by the parishoners 
for xxxti. 

The parishe of EST STAFFORDE. 

Ther lackythe one payre of vestmentes which 
were stolen 



The parishe of CORF CASTELL. 

pthe on< 
parisheoners ther for 



There lackvthe one bell which was soldebythe'. 

' xxii 



CHURCH GOODS, DORSET, 1552. 157 

The parishe of COMPTON VALENCE. 
Ther lackythe one pax of syluer sold for vijs. 

The parishe of DALWOODE. 
Ther was stollen one chales price of xxxs. 

The parishe of VPPWAYE. 

Ther lackythe one bell sold by the parishoners 
[sic'] ixli. vjs. viijd 

The parishe of LONGE PREDY. 

Ther lackythe one chalies sold by the 
parishoners for xxxiijs. iiijd. 

The parishe of RAMSOULE. 

Ther lackyth one crose of syluer parcell gylt 
one shippe of Syluer Too candelstyckes Syluer & / 
one sence of syluer sold by the parishoners 

The parishe of PYLLYSDON. 
Ther lackythe Too belles which were stollen 

The parishe of FYFED NEVELL. 

Ther lackythe one chales which was sold by the 
parishoners for iijti 

The parishe of SERON. 

Ther lackyth one chales & a bell sold by the 
parishoners 

The parishe of BURTTON. 
Ther lackvthe one bell wch was stollen 



158 C&tJRCtt GOOt>S, bORSfcT, 1552. 

The parishe of .... ON. 
Ther lackythe one bell 



The parishe of FOWNNELL. 



Ther lackythe one chales of syluer, a pyx of 
syluer & one cope of veluet 



The parishe of ST PETERS in SH ASTON. 
Ther lackythe one bell solde for xxiijti xs 

The parishe of HYNTON MARTEN. 

Ther lackythe one challes sold by the 
parishoners for xls 

The parishe of VPCERNE. 

Ther lackythe one bell one cope of fustion j 
chesebell of sylke j albe with a vestment of 
sylke, j Aulter clothe of sylke, & iij lynnen 
clothes j Towell of Dyaper one fyne shete & ij 
kerchefes, ij latten crosses, ij candelstickes of 
bras ij cofers, A pece of lead waynge Ixxxti 
Taken a wave [by] one Jane Sturton executryx to 
Mr Roger Stourtan lorde of Vpcerne. 

Mem. 23. (end}. 

CANFORD, WYMBORNE MYNSTER, POLE. 

Ther be no Inventories taken by reson of the 
plague & they have lost ther olde Inventories as 
they have send vs word wher vppon ther ys no 
vewe taken 



CHURCH GOODS, DOkSEt, 1552. 159 

EXPLANATION OF WORDS 

taken from various works, mainly from Walcott's Dictionary of 
Sacred Archaeology, Stratmann's Middle English Dictionary, 
Hallivvell-Philips' Dictionary of Archaic Words. 

Bedstones. " Bedstones of syluer & gylt" (Beden, prayers). Beads. 
Bodkin, Bandkyn, Bottken. A rich cloth of silk with threads of 

gold interwoven. 
Branched. Embroidered. 

Caddes, Caddis. Worsted ribbon or woollen stuff. 
Chamlet, Chaml.it. Some Eastern fabric. 
Cossynge. Cushion. 
Dexe, Dexte. Desk. 
Dornax, Dornex, Durnex. Coarse damask made at Doornax or 

Tournay. 

Kye. " ij Belles ij kye at xviiijs. (264). Cows, kine ? 
Latten. A mixed metal resembling brass in its nature and 

colour. 

Lockram. " Towelles of lockram " (106). An inferior linen. 
Paire, Peyre. "A paire of vestments." A set, or suite of vest- 
ments. The fine Eucharistic vestments. 
Poppenge, Popingaye. A kind of coloured cloth. 
Playno. "Tawny playno " (120). From planin to plane, make 

smooth. A smooth cloth of tawny colour (?). 
Samite. A very rich silk or satin, sometimes interwoven with 

gold or silver threads. 
Sec. Amongst the names subscribed to the Fordington list is 

" John Baron, sec." Sec. is probably an abbreviation of 

secretarius, sacristan, " qui ecclesiae secretum curat sac- 

rista." (See Maigne D'arnis.) 

Stayned. " Stayned clothe." Painted cloth, paintings on linen. 
Sypers. "Red satten of Sypers." Cyprus, cloth of Cyprus. 
Taffeta. A thin silken material. 
Tewke, Tweke. "Blue Tewke" (117). " Tewke to make purses 

of, irelis" 
Tinsin. A species of satin. 



"gHafurattsf ivt JluslraCia. 



By the Rev. C. W. H. DICKER, F.R.G.S. 

(Bead Dec. 13th, 1904.) 




JJ^HE key to the Natural History of Australia lies in her 
geological story. She is the oldest country 
in the world. Her living indigenous inhabitants 
might justly regard our Eocene and recent 
fauna and flora as mere mushroom growths of 
yesterday. As Salisbury Cathedral comes to us 
from the Episcopate of good Richard Poore, so 
Australia comes to us from that hour of the 
world's morning when flowers first opened to the sunshine, and 
four-footed beasts first trod "the pastures of the wilderness." 

Picture a vast continent covered with Triassic rocks, resting 
upon a solid silurian table-land, and peopled with those living 
ferns, calamites, cycads, palms, conifers, fishes, lizards, 
crocodiles, birds, and marsupial mammals, whose fossil remains 
are dug up in the coal-measures, oolite and chalk deposits of 
England. Next, imagine a slight tilling of the whole land the 
M-estern side lifted up and the eastern depressed below sea-level 
followed by an abrupt upheaval of the ancient line of the 
eastern coast to a considerable elevation, and then you will have 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. l6l 

some idea of what happened to the Australian Continent during; 
the Cretaceous period. As will be seen by the accompanying 
map, it would now appear as two islands one, an extensive 

I. 




A. WESTEEN ISLAND, DATING FROM THE SILURIAN PERIOD. 

B. TRACT OF LAND SUBMERGED DURING THE CRETACEOUS AND EARLY 

TERTIARY PERIODS. 

C. EASTERN ISLAND OR CHAIN OF ISLANDS. This Region has under- 

gone changes of elevation and has been the scene of much 
volcauite activity at various periods. 

(Adapted from Wallace's " Island Life.") 

table-land, on the west, with its undisturbed original population 
of plants and animals, whilst over against it, on the east of a 
shallow sea, there stretched a lofty ridge of materials chiefly 



1 62 THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 

secondary, crowned in many places with sheets and caps of 
basalt and lava. Since this period a general elevation of the 
whole land has taken place ; and, although much of the old 
ground has disappeared and Tasmania is now cut off, the 
shallow tertiary sea has dried up, and Australia is again one 
continent. 

To this geological tradition we owe the peculiar charm of 
Australian plant and animal life. We really have before us a 
great game preserve of Mesozoic times. Cut off by breadths of 
deep sea from Asiatic lands, its denizens were exempt from 
interference on the part of rival claimants in the struggle for 
existence, whilst, during the subsidences and submersion of the 
Cretaceous period so fatal in the similar case of the British 
Isles they had a safe asylum to the westward in which a large 
proportion of existing forms of vegetable and animal life 
survived. Thus Australia preserves the types of Mesozoic 
vegetation and animals which Britain has lost and replaced by 
more recent forms it is, in fact, an " Ark." Its flora and fauna 
have had simply to settle accounts amongst themselves and 
develope any modifications rendered necessary by a few gentle 
terrestrial changes. There have been, of course, occasional 
immigrations of birds, reptiles, fishes, bats, such small rodents 
as might come in ships or on driftwood, and at some fairly 
recent period there was the introduction of the "Dingo;" but 
nothing has occurred to greatly disturb the balance of power in 
the possession of " Secondary " types. 

The interior for many months in the year largely presents the 
aspect of arid and waterless desert, many thousands of square 
miles having no permanent water supply. When it does rain (at 
very uncertain intervals) the land responds bountifully, and 
clothes itself with grass waving breast high. Rivers roll through 
the plains, large areas are flooded ; but soon the water sinks out 
of sight, the grasses are bleached, then break off, and are blown 
away, leaving the land a desert again. Here an interesting 
geological fact enables the colonist to struggle successfully 
through rainless seasons. 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 163 

Amongst the Cretaceous rocks tilted by the upheaval of the 
eastern coast-line are extensive beds of bibulous sandstone, 
which crop up at high elevations on the landward side of the 
ranges. (See diagram.} These ranges, densely forested, attract 



II. 



Water. bearing Strata. , Eastern Australia.. 



ill 



(6") 




PACEOTJS. 1, Desert Sandstone. 

2, " Boiling Downs " Formation. 

3, Water-bearing Strata. 



JURASSIC. 4, Darling Downs Basalt. 

5, Carboniferous Measures. 
TEIASSIC. 6, Toowoomba Basalt. 

7, Sandstones and Carboniferous 

Strata. 
PALEOZOIC. 8, Silurian Rocks. 



a heavy rainfall, a good proportion of which is taken into the 
absorbent beds, and is passed underground to great distances. 
Thus a storage reservoir is formed, available by means of 
artesian bores, for the supply of farms and mining ventures far 
away in the deserts of the interior. Many hundreds of these 
bores are now effectively at work. 

Botany. In the "Dirt-bed" at Portland are found some 
lumps, called by the quarrymen " Crows' nests," which are 
really the bulbous stems of Zamias. These plants belong to the 
Cycadacece, an Order abundantly represented in Queensland and 
New South Wales to-day. Dr. Carruthers (Tr.L.S., xxvi., 675) 
mentions 6 sp. as having been found in Dorset. 



1 64 THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 

Another fascinating Order is the Proteacea. Geologically these 
rank as the oldest of true flowering plants, and occur in the 
lower rocks of the secondary period. (See diagram.} 




hcc 



The ferns of Australia are mostly well-known in England ; but 
here one can form no idea of the true effect of tree-ferns in their 
native glens and gorges, where the Cyathcas, Alsophilas, and 
Dixonias form majestic groves, their heads towering to a height 
of sometimes 30 or even 40 feet above dense thickets of smaller 
kinds. 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 



16: 



What the pine woods are to Canada, the Gum forests are to 
Australia. Over tens of thousands of square miles the Eucalyptus 
reigns supreme, spreading over ridge and valley, clothing all 
Nature in one great garment of sad-coloured green. This noble 
Order of the myrtle family includes no less than 140 species. 
The flower is furnished with a curious woody calyx, the united 



IV. 




EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (Lab.). 

petals forming a sort of hat, which comes off when the numerous 
stamens arrive at maturity. The first leaves put forth are 
rounded, of a pale-bluish hue ; but subsequently all are 
lanceolate or sickle-shaped, dull olive in colour. These hang 



i66 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 



V. 



downwards from the branches, and give the tree a rather woe- 
begone aspect. One pleasant exception, however, to this rule 
is the small Tasmanian E. Cordata, of which a beautiful 

specimen is growing in Lord 
Ilchester's garden at Abbotsbury. 
I once went there when it was 
covered with a mass of silvery 
blossom a lovely sight. 

The Acacias, or " Wattles" form 
a division of the Leguminosia, 
numbering over 400 species. This 
genus possesses a regular corolla 
(generally minute) and a mass of 
conspicuous stamens, whose yellow 
anthers clothe whole stretches of 
country at some seasons with bril- 
liant colour. The Wattles range 
in size from a small bush to a tree 
50 feet high. Sometimes the leaves 
are daintily pinnate and feathery, 
but in many species they resemble 
those of the mistletoe. Some of 
the Acacias are cultivated for the 
sake of the bark, which is valuable 
for tanning purposes. The flowers 
are very fragrant ; at times the 
scent of A. dealbata is almost over- 
powering. 

In the warmer parts of New South Wales, in Queensland, and 
Tropical Australia the forests partake of the regular jungle 
character, in which we get a number of types familiarised to us 
by our hothouses and conservatories. Many palms, the 
magnificent Moreton Bay Fig, the vast wealth of creepers, 
whose festoons of foliage and flower hang from tree to tree, tall 
tree-ferns, cycads, jets and clusters of brilliant orchids, elk- horn 
and bird's-nest ferns high overhead, all conspire to form scenes 




EUCALYPTUS CORDATA. 
(Labillardiere). ' 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 167 

of enchanting beauty. But the tropical flora (as Wallace points 
out) is not truly typical of Australia, being largely made up of 
immigrants from beyond sea. 

I ought, I think, to mention one characteristic Order, namely, 
the group of plants belonging to the Epacris family. Their 
number and surprising variety of types varying from dainty 
alpine elves to stately palm-like growths of 30 feet the 
exquisite colouring of their flowers and berries, have made the 
Epacrids deservedly popular. Two typical forms will be found 
in Plate III. 

There are hardly any deciduous trees, in our English sense of 
the word, in the southern continent ; as a rule, all are evergreen. 
I have personally only made the acquaintance of one a dwarf 
beech (F. gunnii] which loses all its leaves in winter. This 
reminds us of a rather puzzling thing. In Tasmania there is a 
limestone deposit, apparently of Miocene Age, in which the 
leaves of willow, alder, birch, oak, and beech occur. Why and 
whence did these strangers come " guests that tarry for a day " 
and then die out, leaving behind them only our one little 
deciduous beech ? 

Zoology. Here we find in the flesh a number of interesting 
survivals, who, secure in their old Ark, escaped the Deluge of 
change which overcame Purbeck and Portland and prepared 
the way for Dewlish elephants and other novelties. One old 
friend we are glad to welcome a veritable " queer fish," the 
Ceratodus of Queensland, found in the English Lias. He grows 
to nearly 6 feet long, and, being related to the Amphibrce, is able 
to crawl out of the water at night and indulge a healthy taste for 
green stuff. The bushmen tell us he climbs trees, but one 
can't always digest what bushmen say. An earlier fish still, 
whose teeth are very familiar to Dorset geologists, has a way 
over there of making himself unpleasantly familiar to Melbourne 
swimmers, under the name of " Port Jackson Shark." 

Whilst these ancient fishes were enjoying an existence 
unspoilt by human interference in Dorset waters, mammalian 
quadrupeds made their appearance on dry land. Prof. Owen 



1 68 THK NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 

brought to light the fact, now generally accepted, that these 
were what we now call Marsupials. One at least of the small 
beasts of the Portland Stone-beds belongs to a species of 
kangaroo rat now actually alive in Australia Myrmicobius. 
Animals of this natural Order are distinguished by the provision 
of a marsupium, or pouch ; their fossil remains are identified by 
the peculiar inward curve of the lower jawbone and by a pair 
of flattened "marsupial bones" upon the front edge of the lower 
part of the pelvis. The young marsupials are born in an 
extremely immature state mere tiny boneless lumps of flesh. 
Immediately after birth they are placed (by means of some 
incomprehensible manipulation on the part of the parent) in the 
pouch, in whose recesses they remain permanently attached to 
the papillae for some months. In some of the larger marsupials 
the young, after they are weaned, still use the pouch as a place 
of refuge. I have seen a kangaroo "joey" take a flying dive of a 
couple of yards into his mother's ready pocket, and instantly turn 
himself round and pop his head out to have a good look at me. 

At the bottom of the scale, in the order of development, 
comes the family known as the Monotremata, peculiar to the 
southern colonies of Australia, represented by two types well 
known as the "Platypus" and the "Porcupine." Although 
quadrupeds, they are structurally related to the birds. Both 
animals were fairly common in my Bush parish, and I have more 
than once seen a Platypus family splashing and romping, rolling 
each other over and over, in the river at sunset. The Echidna, 
or Australian porcupine, feeds upon ants and other insects. It 
delights to stroll along the middle of the road at night, and has 
often frightened my horses. It is easily caught by seizing a 
hind leg. Its spines are short, but sharply pointed, and 
embedded in a coarse brown fur. 

Marsupials include a great many sub- Orders and species, from 
the great Forester, or Old Man Kangaroo, down to the tiny 
Opossum Mouse. The largest kangaroo is on the way to 
extinction, but the Brush Kangaroo, the Wallaby, and smaller 
kinds are holding their own in the forested regions. In this 



THE NATURALtST IN AUSTRALIA. 169 

Order there is also an extensive series of carnivora, the largest 
being the Tasmanian Wolf (or "Tiger," as he is named on 
account of his striped body). A large price is set upon the head 
of this animal owing to his destructiveness amongst the sheep. 
I knew a case in which one "tiger" killed a dozen sheep in one 
night. He was afterwards slain by a shepherd, who showed me 
the skin, measuring yft. 6in. from nose to tail. 

Another creature, called the "Tasmanian Devil," made 
himself extremely objectionable in my neighbourhood as a 
robber of poultry roosts, and extremely difficult of capture. 
Then there are the Opossums, whose fur is getting more 
valuable every year, the beautiful little " Flying Squirrel," 
endowed with a membrane, uniting its fore and hind limbs, 
which can be employed as a parachute in leaping from tree to 
tree, and the Wombats, queer, drowsy things that readily take 
to human society. This character belongs also to the Koala, 
which resembles a pretty little bear, and is a favourite pet of 
Australian children, although its nocturnal tastes make it playful 
at wrong times, and lead it to undesirable excursions up your 
curtains and bookshelves. 

Reptiles. Of the crocodiles of Northern Australia it is 
noteworthy that one species (C. porosus) is found both in 
Queensland and India. Lizards are well represented, some 
attaining a considerable size. Perhaps the most remarkable is 
the big "Frilled Lizard," of which I have a skin for your 
inspection. The Monitors (commonly called " Go-anners ") are 
very numerous, and sometimes very large. 

Then as to snakes. In Australia they are certainly " common 
objects of the country" unless you happen to be looking for 
one with a stick. Very beautiful creatures some of them are, 
notably the Black Snake (Hoplocephalus superbus}, with its scales 
of burnished jet glancing in the sun, and its pretty flattened 
neck inflated to the breadth of a man's hand whilst it sits up to 
look at you, the huge Diamond and Carpet snakes (varieties of 
Python spilotis], harmless and easily domesticated, the striped and 
agile Tiger-snake, by no means so harmless, the ubiquitous litile 



170 THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 

Whip -snake, cropping up playfully in your wood-heap, amicably 
on your verandahs, and irreverently in your pew at church. 

And the frogs. After rain one's sleep is banished by 
serenading choirs soprano frogs, alto frogs, tenor, bass, and 
double-bass frogs, a bell frog, and a talking frog that goes 
beyond them all. The most beautiful frog I ever saw was the 
"green and gold" of Tasmania purest emerald green, with 
vivid metallic-yellow gold markings. 

Birds. One shrinks from tackling bird-lore in a general 
paper. It is a subject that deserves far more adequate 
treatment. Here are just a few interesting items. The Emus 
represent one of the oldest types of bird life in Australia. Two 
species survive out of four, which were common at the beginning 
of the last century. The Tasmanian kind became extinct soon 
after the military authorities took to feeding the garrison on it. 
There will probably be no wild Emus after another generation ; 
but it breeds in confinement, and is easily tamed. It is inter- 
esting to watch a bun slowly gliding down a yard of Emu's neck. 

The Brush Turkey (Catheturns Lathemi] has a habit of 
incubating its eggs in a scientifically-constructed hot-bed made 
of decaying leaves. Quails, several Plovers, and the Bronzewing 
Pigeon are the chief quarry of sportsmen. A beautiful Crane 
too often falls to the gun ; it is very nice to eat. 

In Queensland there are fine Spoonbills and Pelicans, and Ibis 
in great numbers. The blackfellows catch the Pelicans by 
standing in the water up to the chin, with their heads concealed 
by floating litter. When the birds swim around they are seized 
by the legs. The Black Swans form enormous flocks at some 
seasons of the year. I once saw a vast multitude flying north- 
wards, and heard their voices overhead far into the night. 

The Native Companion {Antigone Australasiana), a big stately 
Crane-like fellow, is worth mentioning as being also found in 
India. Amongst other peculiar Australian birds are the Parrots and 
Cockatoos, the Jackasses, the great Night -jar or More-Pork, the 
Spine-tailed Swift, and the Penguins. Hawks and Owls are largely 
Represented ; in Tasmania there is a beautiful white Goshawk. 



THE NATURALIST IN AUSTRALIA. 



171 



After all, there is nothing like the charm given to Nature by 
the presence and the voices of the birds. Certainly there is 
nothing more distinctively Australian than the music of the 
Bush the plaintive chromatic scale of the Green Cuckoo, the 
soft laughter of the Bronzewing, 

" Dulce loquentem," 

the vulgar hullabaloo of the laughing Jackasses, the crack of the 
Stockwhip-bird, the sweet weird melody of the black Magpies. 
Years are passing away too quickly since I said good-bye to 
those charmed scenes under the Southern Cross ; but the voices 
of the Bush ring in my memory still. 

VI. 




on te 
an6 



of i$e 



By the Rev. F. W. GALPIN, M.A., F.L.S. 




JTJHE year 1644 was fraught with momentous conse- 
quences for village and for town. The edict 
had gone forth from Parliament "for the 
speedy demolishing of all organs, images, and 
all matters of superstitious monuments in all 
cathedrals and collegiate or parish churches 
and chapels throughout the kingdom of 
England and the dominion of Wales : the 
better to accomplish the blessed reformation 
so happily begun and to remove all offences 
and things illegal to the worship of God : " and thus the 
treasures which piety had spared from the wreck of the past 
were scattered beyond the confines of the realm or destroyed in 
the fanatical zeal of the new reformers. So it came to pass that 
Divine worship was robbed of its sweetest accompaniments, and 
for 150 years the Psalmody was entirely dependent, except in the 
cities and large towns, on the musical knowledge of the parish 
clerk, whose duty it was to " sette the tune " with such aptitude 
and ability as he himself possessed, or, failing these, by the help 



OLb CHURCH BA&DS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. I?3 

of a wooden pitch-pipe. Towards the end of the eighteenth 
century, however, an awakened interest was aroused throughout 
the country in the better care of the church fabric and the more 
hearty rendering of the Church service. The old pitch-pipes 
were discarded, and, although the clerk from his seat below the 
parson's desk still sustained the dignity of his office by a long- 
drawn Amen, yet the more tuneful portions of the service were 
undertaken by a select company of " singers and musicianeis," 
who, installed at the west end of the sacred building or occupy- 
ing the western gallery, which they soon regarded as having 
been especially erected for their comfort, filled with mingled 
admiration and envy the up-turned faces of the congregation. 

How graphic a picture Thomas Hardy gives us of these old 
Dorset choirs in his charming tale of village life, " Under the 
Greenwood Tree"! The importance of the "men of strings," 
who, with violin and violoncello (still called, though erroneously, 
the "base viol"), "spoke to the heart with an incomparable 
sweetness " their rooted objection to the " reed men '' who, with 
"tooting clar'nets," were gradually introduced into the select 
company. " Clar'nets were not made for the service of Provi- 
dence," said Mr. Penny ; "you can see it by looking at 'em "- 
their unspeakable horror at the impudence of the girls of the 
newly-formed Sunday School, "who didn't sit in the gallery, and 
yet did sing every note as if 'twas their own, every note as loud 
as we, fiddles and all, if not louder the brazen-faced hussies, 
while as for them harmoniums and barrel-organs what shall 
I call em ? miserable machines for such a Divine thing as 
music." "Right, William, and so they be miserable sinners." 
Unfortunately, as many of us think, the miserable sinners won 
the day ; harmoniums and barrel-organs proved the death of the 
gallery men, and few of the present generation have seen the 
church band in its accustomed place or raised their voices to the 
accompaniment of the village musicians. 

It is, however, only ten years ago since one of the last, if not 
the last, of these bands in its original form (without the inevitable 
harmonium) disappeared in our county, and I have been 



174 OLD CHtJRCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 

requested to put on record a few notes gathered together 
during a short stay in South Dorset, when I had the privilege 
of worshipping in the church of Winterborne Abbas, six miles 
from Dorchester, where at that time the church band still held 
its own. 

I well remember our first introduction to the little edifice and 
its quaint customs. Unwonted sounds issued from within, and 
as we entered the reason became apparent; it was the band 
getting into tune for their immediate duties. There were three 
performers ; the thatcher (J. Dunford, clerk) played the clarinet 
and acted as leader ; a farm labourer (R. Tompkins) played the 
flute, while the bass was in the hands of the shepherd (W. 
Dunford). They were placed at the west end of the church 
under the tower on a rising platform, the violoncello and flute 
playing at a long desk on the lower steps, while the clarinet stood 
at a desk on the step above, supported on either side by the 
singers, and in a position to mark the time for all by the swing 
of his instrument. There was no voluntary, except the " tuning 
up," and, as the chants to the canticles were not played over, 
we awaited with interest the first hymn. The worthy rector, a 
Fellow of an Oxford College and Proctor of his University when 
Sir Henry Bishop received his Doctor's degree, is now laid to 
rest. As he gave out the Psalm from his square reading pew, 
overshadowed by a lofty Jacobean pulpit, nothing else could 
have been required to complete the quaintness of the surround- 
ings. "Let us sing to the praise and glory of God the one 
hundredth Psalm," whereupon the band struck up in unison (or as 
near it as the warm afternoon would permit) a curious four-note 
phrase, which, with various elaborations, was played before each 
psalm or hymn in the key of the piece following, and was called 
" sounding off the tune." The phrase was evidently based on 
the old watchmen's refrain, " Past three o'clock." The psalm 
was not played over, but the opening verse was read through by 
the minister. Then the singing commenced ; for the first verse 
our trio of musicians arranged itself thus : The clarinet played 
the air, the flute the tenor (an octave above the voice), and the 



OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 175 

violoncello the bass. The tune "going" remarkably well, in the 
second verse the clarinet proceeded to play the alto an octave 
higher ; so for the remainder of the psalm we were in this 
order : alto (8ve higher), tenor (8ve higher) air, bass an 
arrangement which apparently did not distress the performers 
or disconcert the singers. At certain places, presumably in 
sympathy with the words, the clarinet executed original 
variations which were themselves varied with an occasional tap 
on the head of some wayward youngster in front. I think the 
Winterborne band may be taken as typical of the constitution 
and methods of these church bands in their later stages ; at any 
rate, the arrangement, as we saw it, had remained the same for 
fifty years at least. The absence of the violin was due to the 
wishes of the parson, who shared the once general opinion that 
it "savoured of the publichouse." 

A mile along the high road brings us to Winterborne 
Steepleton, at one time a very musical village and boasting a 
voluminous composer in Samuel French, the tailor. In his day, 
before the middle of the last century, the church band consisted 
of a violin, flute, two clarinets, and a bass, one of the clarinets 
taking the bassoon occasionally until the instrument was 
objected to as " not a piece of church music." The band, 
reduced at last to one bass, disappeared in 1881, giving way 
to a new American organ. 

But the church most celebrated in this valley for its instru- 
mental and vocal music was that of Winterborne S. Martin or 
Martinstown. The singers numbered about 20, with two 
" counters " or male-altos, of which the village was justly proud, 
and in 1820 the band consisted of four clarinets, a hautboy, and 
a "base viol," divided thus: Two clarinets for the air, two 
clarinets for the counter-tenor, the hautboy for the tenor 
(playing an octave above the voice), and the violoncello for 
the bass. The hautboy player, a mason, locally known as 
"Uncle James," who also blew "the loud bassoon" in the 
village band, was in these early days leader, and gave out the 
psalms. The hautboy was not an unusual instrument in the 



176 OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOlRS. 

church music, and the people of this Dorset valley called it the 
"Vox umaner" a title which modern orchestral players have 
also given it. It was, however, a hard instrument to blow (though 
not so impossible as the famous "brazen serpent"), and the 
appalling example of a man in a neighbouring village who blew 
himself blind by playing it deterred others from attempting it. 
After "Uncle James" had retired from the conductorship the 
village blacksmith, John Norman by name, became leader and 
composer ; he was a good musician, and his settings of psalms 
and anthems appear in many of the tune books. Under his 
direction the church band consisted of two flutes, a clarinet, and 
a bass, which Norman himself played in the church, while for 
" out-a-door work " he performed on the serpent an instrument 
of wood and leather which in this valley was considered like 
its namesake an unclean beast. The band and choir were 
installed in the western gallery, in front of which was suspended 
a rude and ancient painting of David playing on the harp. 
About 40 years ago this gallery was taken down and the band 
accommodated in a big square pew in the aisle a transplanta- 
tion which soon terminated its existence. From a musical 
standpoint it appears strange that no real tenor instruments were 
used in all these bands ; at Abbotsbury, it is true, there was a 
"tenor viol " (viola), but it apparently played the alto part, and 
in another village a trombone was in use, but it supported the 
bass. It seems to have been the general practice to play the 
tenor part on a treble instrument an octave above the voice 
a relic probably of the old " plainsong" days. 

Now as to the music played. I have had the opportunity of 
examining many of the old MS. tune books, and of these the 
largest and most complete is a Martinstown book, dated 1831. 
In it the tunes are written in four-part score and often preluded 
by symphonies, mostly in three parts, for the instruments. The 
vocal solos are accompanied by the violoncello only. Here is a 
Te Deum by James Norman, son of John Norman, and many 
pieces by Samuel French, the Steepleton tailor. The tunes are 
set to Tate and Brady's version of the Psalms, and must have 



OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 177 

been quite unfit for congregational singing, unless, as was 
probably the case, they were sung so frequently that they 
became thoroughly well known, for it is maliciously said that 
the famous Martinstown players were at last reduced to two 
tunes, vulgarly known as "thik" and "t'other," one or other 
of which had to do duty for all occasions. The violoncello 
book of John Chapman, the Steepleton shepherd, is interesting. 
It was transcribed in 184.6, and also contains little symphonies 
and interludes for the instrument. Among the titles of the 
tunes are " The Heavenly Harper" and " The African's Glory," 
and where the words are given the spelling is often at fault, 
though even " again we bough the nee " is intelligible. It is 
reported that at Steepleton there was a division of notes into 
" singular " and " plural," but the meaning of this distinction, 
known to the initiated, is now lost. A treble (and probably 
a clarinet) book gives us, amongst various Christmas carols and 
anthems, a composition by John Brown. This musician and 
carpenter, whose tunes were locally in great request, was choir- 
master of S. Peter's Church, Dorchester, in the earlier part of 
the last century. He was evidently not ashamed of his 
productions, as it was his custom when giving out the number 
of the psalm, after the privilege of those days, to add "to a 
tune of my own composing," by which well-timed advertise- 
ment his fame spread mightily. In the church he divided his 
performances between playing the fiddle and singing bass, and 
in the latter capacity he was celebrated for the curious effects he 
produced by singing through his hands, which he used partly as 
resonators and partly as a primitive swell. 

We hear nowadays strong complaints at times against the 
elaborate setting of the morning and evening canticles to 
" services." But the book of Thomas Richards, of Winter- 
borne Abbas, commenced in 1795 and continued through the 
early years of the next century, shows that in that village church 
they had " sarvices " (sic] for the Jubilate, Magnificat, and 
Nunc Dimittis, while the Kyrie Elieson and also the opening 
Sentences were sung. It is to be noted, too, that in all these 



178 OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 

books the special music is for Christmastide, the Easter and 
other church festivals being unnoticed and the harvest festival 
unknown. 

On the payment of these church bands there is little to say. 
A collection was generally made once a year either in the 
church or from house to house. Oftentimes the players and 
singers were content with a good feast at Christmas, and in 
Thomas Chapman's book, dated 1816, we find "The Feastivall 
Song of the Winterbourn Choir " a composition bristling with 
faults, but of much interest from its old associations, words and 
music being evidently of local production : 

Friends and Brothers here we meet 
In music join divinely sweet, 
And this convivial board surround, 
Since we have walk'd our village round. 
After walking thro' the snow 
The lib'ral village this bestow. 

Later in the entertainment this chivalrous trio appears to have 
been sung : 

Here's a health to all good lasses, 
Pledge it merilly, fill your glasses. 
Let a Bumper toast go round. 
May they lieve a life of pleasure, 
Without mixture, without measure, 
For with them true joys are found. 

In some cases the parish provided strings and bowhair when 
required, and such items as " Two strings for the Base Viol, 
2S. 2d.," " Reparing 2 Base Bows, 2s. 6d.," are given in the 
churchwardens' accounts. The Winterborne band, when we 
knew it, was paid an annual sum by the rector with 55. for 
strings and reeds. 

The rivalry which existed between these church bands greatly 
conduced to their efficiency and maintenance. Though the 
parishes of Steepleton and Winterborne Abbas are united under 
one rector for ecclesiastical purposes, each band kept to its own 
gallery. On one occasion, however, of particular interest to 



OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 179 

myself, the Steepleton gallery, which had been deserted for 
several years, was occupied by the musicians from Winterborne. 
It was a wedding, and after the wedding was over an appropriate 
wedding march was naturally expected. Mendelssohn and 
Wagner being out of the question and Jackson's Te Deum 
hardly suitable, a martial hymn tune was the next best thing. 
Unfortunately, the leader's choice fell on Cooper's S. Alban, 
and, in spite of the festive variations with which the clarinet 
adorned the air, bride and bridegroom left the church to the 
suggestive strains of 

Onward, Christian soldiers, 
Marching as to war ! 

Of the old musicians' galleries very few are now to be found 
in their original condition. A fine example, however, still 
remains in this neighbourhood, and will be seen in the Parish 
Church of Puddletown, or more artistically Pydelton, im- 
mortalized by Thomas Hardy in " Far from the Madding 
Crowd." Through the kindness of the Hon. Editor of the 
Club's "Proceedings" two illustrations of this handsome relic 
of bygone days accompany the present paper. The oak front, 
which is finely carved, bears the date 1635, and at either end on 
small escutcheons are the following initials: G. H. (How?) 
and I. D., probably the names of the churchwardens of that 
year. The gallery is extended across the north aisle, and this 
part of the ancient structure was carefully restored in 1898 on 
the removal of a school children's gallery which had been 
erected at a later date in front of it. On the well-preserved 
central shield is cut the motto HUC ADES NGN VIDERI 
SED AUDIRE ET PRECARI (" Hither thou comest, not to 
be looked at, but to listen and to pray"), and the small 
escutcheons at either end are carved with the initials W. S. 
(Stile ?) and F. E. F. (Freeman), the latter, which bears the 
name of the present vicar, replacing the original work destroyed 
by the later erection now removed. The large and ornamental 
shield immediately in front of the organ is not an integral part 



180 OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. 

of the gallery. As it displays the arms of England and France 
quarterly it is probably even more ancient and was found by a 
previous incumbent at Weymouth, having been taken, so it is 
said, from a broken-up ship. On the plaster of the west wall, 
but now hidden by the organ case, are painted the Royal Arms 
with the motto " Dieu et mon droit" and the date 1753. The 
old oak desks for the singers and players are much mutilated by 
the deeply cut initials of former occupiers, the earliest we 
observed being "I. Willis, April i, 1691 ": notwithstanding the 
date, it is believed to be genuine. 

A few notes on the music of this village will be of interest in 
connection with our subject. About the year 1840 the gallery 
boasted of the following musicians: Two Clarinets (T. Arnold 
and J. Holland), a Flute (W. Brown), a Bassoon (S. Arnold), 
and two "Base Viols" (T. Toms and G. Sherren). Of their 
two " Bases" the villagers were naturally rather proud, as they 
also were of their "Counter-tenor," who died only a few years 
ago at over ninety years of age. In earlier times there was also 
a Serpent player, .but it is not known whether the instrument 
was used in the church music or only in the " Town " Band, 
for the " true and original Weatherbury Band " is a venerable 
institution with a record of nearly two centuries. At one time it 
was menaced by a formidable rival, which adopted the pug- 
nacious name of "The Scorpion Band" and consisted of a 
Clarinet, Cornopean, Trombone, and Bass Drum. The piece de 
resistance was "The Downfall of Pares," which apparently sealed 
its own fate, though the local pronunciation, " pears," must 
have appealed more forcibly to the rustic mind than any 
misfortunes of la belle France. 

Some of the old church service books are still in existence, 
and are in the possession of Mr. William Cover, who, as an 
enthusiastic musician as well as an amateur organ-builder and 
stringed-instrument maker, well maintains the fame of his 
village. To him I am indebted for many details of its past 
history. The books are bound in home-made vellum, and are 
inscribed " The Gift of Mrs. Price to the Choir of Piddletown, 




AFTER PRACTICE. 
THE SINGERS' GALLERY. PUDDLETOWIM CHURCH. 



OLD CHURCH BANDS AND VILLAGE CHOIRS. l8l 

Feb. i, 1823." They are similar and quite equal to the large 
Martinstown book described above. 

The old players, not without serious misgivings, vacated the 
gallery on the introduction of a barrel organ about the year 
1845. The case of this instrument was made in the village, and 
still serves for the covering of the present small organ, which 
was placed in the church in 1852, when the internal works of its 
predecessor were sold to the churchwardens of Bere Regis. A 
new two-manual organ is now to be erected, though some of the 
old mellow pipes which have done duty for more than half-a- 
century are, I am glad to say, to be retained. 

" So mote it be." Yet, notwithstanding the defects and 
deficiencies of the past, I am inclined to believe that, after 
all, the suppression of these bands as relics of a barbarous 
age and the introduction of organs, often far too large 
for our village churches, has not been an unmixed good. 
Reformation, no doubt, was needed, but not extinction, for the 
practice of these wind and stringed instruments gave occu- 
pation and recreation to the peasant folk ; their performances 
brightened village life ; they added gaiety to the rustic wedding ; 
they cheered the long Christmas evenings. But more than that. 
By this means those who had no vocal gifts took their part in 
the music of God's House, and with their quiet and unsustained 
accompaniment invited the people to support and swell the 
strain of praise. 



A NOTE. 



By the Rev. H. SHAEN SOLLY, M.A. 



O'INCE the visit of the Club to the landslip described 
in Vol. XXV., p. Ixviii., Mr. H. B. Woodward 




has kindly lent me the block of the diagram 
given on p. 598 of his Geology of England and 
Wales ; and this diagram, which was shown to the 
Members on the occasion of the visit, is here 
reproduced. A second diagram, given in Vol. I. 
of the Geological Survey Memoir of the Cretaceous 
Rocks, is also reproduced by the kind permission of Mr. 
Jukes-Browne ; and, as this has been drawn by him to scale, it 
will materially help the reader to understand the interesting 
problems involved in the case. In 1840, immediately after the 
occurrence, a pamphlet by George Roberts was published by 







d 

1. DIAGRAM, SECTION ACROSS LANDSLIP. (H. B. Woodward.) 



THE LANDSLIP, LYME REGIS. 



Daniel Dunster, of Lyme Regis, entitled "An Account of and 
Guide to the Mighty Landslip of Dowlands and Bindon, near 
Lyme Regis, December 25th, 1839." From this are reproduced 
a plan of the scene of the occurrence and a view of the chasm 
looking west. 

These illustrations furnish an admirable record of what took 
place. The diagrams show the successive strata the chalk on the 
surface, A ; then the chert beds, B ; and below them about 100 feet 
of greensand, C ; all resting on Lias and Rhaetic beds of clay, D, 
which slope gently towards the sea. The rain falling on the sur- 
face would penetrate to the clay, thoroughly soak the basal portion 
of the sand, and carry away with it wherever it found an outlet a 
considerable amount of this loosened sand. Some rain also 
would soak into the same bed of sand where it crops out on the 
surface a little further inland, and would assist in the carrying 
forward of this sand, grain by grain. Thus the lowest layer of 
the sand would be reduced almost to the consistency of quick- 
sand, and what has been aptly termed a "launch-way" would 
be produced, down which a huge portion of cliff, having an 
upper surface of 15 acres, slipped towards the sea. This is 
"the insulated portion of land" (2), well shown in the plan, 



Bindon 




SEA 



The Great Chasm. 

The insulated portion of Land. 

The eastern Basin or Harbour 

The remains of the western Basin or Harbour. 

The upheaved beach. 

The Cottages. 



7 . The road from the summit by Dowlands lime 
kiln to the Cottages.. N. B. Ladies ran 
only descend by this road. Gentlemen 
may descend at the western pan, after 
having walked by the edge of the precipice 
through Dowlands and Bindon. 



(G. Roberts.) 



184 THE LANDSLIP, LYME REGIS. 

and its movement must have been the first to take place. 
Probably this began on the Saturday night, Christmas Eve, and 
was the movement which so considerately warned the labourers 
of what was still to come. The great founder is, no doubt, what 
took place on the following Monday. This was the subsidence, 
or vertical descent, of another great portion of cliff further 




3. VIEW OF RAVINE LOOKING WEST. (G. Roberts.) 

inland. Mr. Jukes-Browne's diagram and Mr. Roberts' view 
show this well, and indicate that the land did not merely fall 
into the chasm caused by the sliding away of the detached field, 
for in that case the chalk furthest from the sea would be highest, 
whereas it is lowest. What happened was like a person slipping 
and falling backward, not tripping and falling forward. The 
lowest layers of the greensand must have been so loosened (the 
autumn of 1839 was extremely wet) that they were quite unable 
to bear a heavy weight when the support of the detached field 
was removed. A second great slip, therefore, took place, and 
then the disintegration of the lower portion of the cliff will 



f? 

;;! 



1 



scisa , 

m^ 

xsfan 



* 15 



i 



.T H 



THE LANDSLIP, LYME REGIS. 185 

account for the comparatively quiet settling 
down of the more compact upper strata.* 
Similar subsidences are not uncommon else- 
where along the coast, where the greensand 
is washed out at points where the water 
escapes. In 1825 part of the road between 

? Charmouth and Lyme Regis sank thus from 
8 to 20 feet. Similar settlements not far 
from the same spot are quite recent, and 

j others are threatening. 

But the above explanation does not 

| adequately account for all the facts. It 

assumes that the changes took place on the 
top of the beds of clay, and Mr. Jukes- 
Browne finds that a diagram drawn to scale 
proves that this was not the case, for the 
depth of the chasm would then have been 
much less than it is. His diagram, there- 
fore, indicates that these beds of clay 
partook in the general disturbance. The 
cliff must have parted from top to bottom 
nearly down to sea-level, and what is termed 
ths "launch way" must have been prepared 
not only in the sand but also in the underly- 
ing clay. No doubt this would be due to 
the enormous pressure of the superincum- 
bent mass. 

The last feature that requires explanation 
is the elevation of the beach and of a ridge 
in the sea. Mr. Roberts describes the 

* The fields that slipped and sank had been sown 
with wheat in the autumn of 1839, and the movements 
that took place, though so extensive, were so gentle 
that the surface soil was little disturbed, and in August, 
1840, a crop of wheat was reaped in most extraordinary 
situations, even on the tops of pinnacles, which were 
accessible only with the aid of ropes and ladders. 



I&6 TtiE LANDSLIP, LYME REGIS. 

reef as three-quarters of a mile in length and from 300 to 
500 feet in advance of the former high-water mark. To many 
visitors this upheaved beach was the most interesting of all the 
changes that had occurred, and it raised hopes of the formation 
of a much needed harbour. Its practical use was, however, 
confined to affording shelter to the boats which landed visitors 
to see the recent sights, and it was not long before the sea 
washed away all traces of any harbour. But the change for a 
time was remarkable. Land which before Christmas was 10 feet 
below sea-level was raised 40 feet above it, and behind this ridge 
there was a pool with a depth of zi feet of water. The Rev. 
W. D. Conybeare accounted for the elevation of this ridge as a 
case of hydraulic pressure. He thought that the beds of loose 
sand, being reduced to the consistency of quicksand, would 
convey the pressure of the subsiding masses, which he estimated 
at 8,000,000 tons, to the point of least resistance, where it would 
produce the burst upwards. This is a tempting theory, account- 
ing so nicely for the going down in one place and the coming 
up in another, and Mr. Conybeare was a good geologist for his 
day. But Mr. Jukes-Browne, who has kindly revised this Note, 
assures me that the quicksand could not possibly have been 
sufficiently confined to have conveyed this hydraulic pressure. 
He ascribes the elevation of the ridge entirely to the thrust 
exercised by the detached field when it slipped forward towards 
the sea. It would ridge up in front of it the debris of many 
former smaller slips ; and this action, which undoubtedly took 
place, he considers amply sufficient to account for all that 
occurred along the shore. 



By CHARLES VAN RAALTE, F.S.A. 




JHHE early records of Brownsea are very slight, but that 
at one time it was visited by the Romans is clear 
from pieces of pottery that we have discovered on 
this and neighbouring islands. It is mentioned in 
the story of Cerne Abbey, which, according to 
William of Malmesbury, was founded in the sixth 
century by St. Augustine, that no doubt the monks 
took possession of the island. Libaud mentions 
this in describing his travels in 1545, and speaks 
of the " Chapelle for an Heremite." It was dedicated to St. 
Andrew, and what is now reclaimed land, surrounded by a sea- 
wall, was formerly known as St. Andrew's Bay. 

In the -early part of the eleventh century the Danish King 
Canute achieved his second invasion of this country, landing at 
Sandwich, whence he sailed round the coast to the mouth of 
the Frome, harrying and ravaging Dorset and Somerset. Libaud 
tells us that he destroyed the monastery of Cerne and carried the 
spoils to Brownsea, or, as he puts it, " Ad Branksiam, hoc est 
Brunei Insula," when he is said to have destroyed the chapel, 
for which Canute afterwards made some reparation. The name, 



I 88 BROWNSEA ISLAND. 

as far as I can trace it, is derived from Bruno, into whose 
possession it came in Danish times ("ea" Icelandic for Island), 
for in the reign of Edward the Confessor Bruno was Lord of the 
Manor of Studland, which includes Brownsea, and so it was 
often called Brunei Insula. From that, I imagine, came the 
name of Branksea, with which Brownsea has been interchanged 
from time immemorial. Henry the Second's great charter 
granted to the Abbot of Cerne the right to all wreck of the sea 
at " Brunkery," as he called it by way of a change, and in the 
third year of Edward the First a similar patent was granted, and 
confirmed by Henry the Eighth, before he dispossessed the 
religious orders. 

It was to the Blue Beard King that we are indebted for the 
square tower, which was built as a blockhouse for the protection 
of Poole and its shipping. At that time the town of Poole 
agreed to appoint six men to watch and ward in it. In 1543 
Henry, after destroying the monasteries, made a grant of it to 
John Vere, Earl of Oxford, who disposed of it to John Duke. 
The lower part of it was made of rubble, and in 1545 from an 
old document we find that it was repaired with chalk and stone, 
and also that a disbursement was re-made to Rychard Welsted 
for 8 Payre of Whelyse to Castell of Brownsea. Another 
document from the Poole Archives is an inventory of ordnance, 
shot, and gunpowder received towards the defence of the 
castle : "Received from Portsmouth loth August 1547 by the 
commandment of Lord Seymour, Admiral of England, one 
piece of iron named a Demi-Culverin with the sponge and 
ladle for same, and 50 shot of iron and two half barrels of 
gunpowder;" and there are many similar receipts in this and 
the following reigns. 

In 1552 a commission Avas appointed to examine and report 
upon the state of the defences of the west coast, the members of 
Avhich were Sir John Rogers, George De La Lynde, Richard 
Phelippe, and they reported, amongst other things, on Brownsea. 
They said " The square of the great tower 44ft., which 
amounteth to i76ft., and that after the rate of isft. to the perch 



BROWNSEA ISLAND. 189 

maketh the number of n perches and lift., and must be made 
lift, higher, which will amount to 49 perches, and must be 
made with free stone. The thickness of the wall of the same 
tower is 6|ft., the barbican of the said tower is in compass 
i6oft., and must be made higher and that also with free stone. 
The thickness of the wall of the said barbican is gft, and 
therefore the S.W. side of the same which containeth in length 
4oft., must rise higher by i3ft. for that the hill being in the 
S.W. side, and also high above the said Barbican that no man 
shall be able to serve within it." The hill referred to is that on 
which the present battery stands, and would have become a 
grave danger to the defenders once in the hands of an enemy. 
These alterations were made at the cost of the town of Poole, 
and later on, finding that the up-keep became a strain upon their 
resources, they petitioned Queen Elizabeth to undertake the 
necessary work at the Government expense. This petition was 
graciously received and acted upon ; but the town was called 
upon to watch and ward with six men as formerly. In these 
proceedings Brownsea Castle was styled "The Queen's 
Majestie's Castell at Brownecksea." 

In 1573 the Island, then valued at 95. per annum, passed into 
the possession of Gregory Sprint through right of his wife, who 
was Richard Duke's daughter, and eight years later it was 
alienated to Richard Haycalt and others, who immediately 
established copperas and alum works, which somehow came 
into the possession of the Earl of Huntington ; and we find 
Poole authorities much exercised at the wickedness of his agent, 
Mr. James Mountjoy. This worthy, they go on to say in their 
plant, had not been seen at church, "and he hath a brother, a 
very bad fellow of an odious religion, and persuadeth the men 
to work on the Sabbath Day." These works ceased at the end 
of the sixteenth century. In 1576 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth 
granted the castle to Sir Christopher Hatton, together with 
Corfe Castle, and he was made Admiral of Purbeck. 

There remains a record of a very interesting inventory of 
arms and machines of war handed over at this period. The 



190 fiROWNSEA ISLANU. 

burgesses of Poole were not best pleased at this mark of royal 
favour to the dancing Chancellor, especially when he claimed 
the right to confiscate to himself the profits of the ferry between 
the haven points, which had previously been in the hands of the 
fishermen of the port. Hatton also claimed and exercised, 
among other powers, the permission to detain and examine all 
shipping entering and leaving the port, and this culminated in 
tragedy. In 1589 the barque Bountiful Gift was fired at from 
Brownsea for failing to comply with the Governor's regulations, 
and the captain and one man were killed. This captain, Walter 
Partridge, was buried in Poole, and a description of the affair 
may be found in St. James's parish register. 

In 1572 Hatton granted a 21 years' lease to John Engleby of 
all the woods, excepting Alum Cheyne and Cheyne Silver, and 
two years later he granted a superior lease of the whole Island, 
excepting the castle, to John Morly. From John Morly it 
passed into the possession of Charles Brooks, from whom in 
1611 it went to Robert Cecil, first Earl of Salisbury. Early in 
the Civil War Parliament caused Brownsea Castle to be strongly 
fortified, and in 1644 an order from the House of Commons was 
issued for delivery from the Isle of Wight of four pieces of 
ordnance and chests of "musquets" from Weymouth. On 
April 29th, 1647, an order was made for the sum of 60 to be 
remitted to Captain Hardyng, commandant of the castle, for the 
payment of the men constituting the Brownsea garrison. 

No doubt these worthies gave a good account of themselves, 
as, with the exception of Lyme, Poole was the only town in 
Dorsetshire able successfully to resist the attacks of the 
Royalists ; and it was ordered in June of the same year that 
Brownsea Castle should be under the command of the Governor 
of Poole, Captain Skutt. In the reign of Charles the Second 
the Lord of Brownsea was Sir Robert Clayton, a London citizen, 
a scrivener of great fortune. Sir Robert was Lord Mayor of 
London in 1679, and was three times elected as Member of 
Parliament for the City and once for Bletchingley, where he had 
a goodly estate. During this reign Brownsea suffered again 



fcROWNSEA ISLANl). iQl 

from its old malady of neglect. The State, careless of its 
defences, and Poole, offended at the continued disregard of its 
protestations to Whitehall, refused any longer to provide men to 
watch and ward the island fortress, and so from that time 
Brownsea Castle, as a defence, became useless. 

It is doubtful if Sir Robert ever occupied the castle, and it 
seems more probable that he built for himself, or inhabited at 
any rate, the old-time wrecked dwelling-house mentioned by 
Hutchins, a remnant of which remains in the brick columns 
near the present dairy. 

Charles the Second, owing to the plague, fled from London in 
1663 with his Court, and his visit to Brownsea Island was 
doubtless due to that fact. " His Majesty took an exact view of 
the said Island, Castle Bay, and Harbour to his great content- 
ment." So says the record. Sir Robert Clayton re-opened the 
copperas works, which were finally closed in 1 704. 

The next proprietor of Brownsea was " Mr. Auditor Benson," 
who bought it in 1772 for the not too extravagant sum of ^300. 
Mr. Benson re-placed Sir Christopher Wren as first surveyor of 
works. When he bought the Island he also took possession of 
the castle, about which nothing had been said in the negotiation, 
and began to alter it into a residence for himself. At this the 
Poole burgesses interfered with objections that it was a national 
defence and Crown property, and that they were its legitimate 
custodians. He, in reply, asserted that he had bought the 
Island and everything upon it, which of necessity included the 
castle. The Poole Municipality then appealed to King George 
the Second, probably in 1720, and we next hear of the business 
in 1723, when Mr. Benson and his counsel appeared before the 
Attorney-General, Poole being represented by Messrs. Bond 
and Trenchard. The proceedings were adjourned for further 
consideration, and were never resumed, but why they were 
dropped is a mystery. Probably Mr. Benson procured a grant 
of the castle from the Crown. Mr. Benson did a great deal of 
the work on the castle, and built the great hall, where is now the 
music-room. He also brought the Island into a better state of 



I Q2 BROWNSEA ISLAND. 

cultivation, and planted it lavishly with various kinds of trees. 
He was an enthusiastic botanist, and made a collection of the 
many specimens of plants on the Island. 

The next owner of Brownsea was a Mr. Chamberlayne, who 
re-sold it in 1762 to Sir Gerard Napier Sturt and Mrs. Humphrey 
Sturt, of Crichel. On the death of Sir Gerard the estate passed 
to Mrs. Humphrey Sturt, who made it a labour of love to 
improve it. He originated the ornamental garden near the 
castle and planted trees in enormous profusion over the Island. 
He is said to have spent not less than ^50,000 on these works. 
At this time there were only two occupied buildings on the 
Island besides the castle and inn, and a house rented by the 
Government for preventable purposes, which would probably 
have been on the site of the present villino. Mr. Sturt sat in 
Parliament for Dorset from 1754 to 1786, when he died. The 
property went to his second son, Charles, who so loved the 
Island that he made it his permanent residence. Charles Sturt 
represented Bridport in Parliament from 1784 to 1802, and was 
succeeded by his only son, Charles, who in 1817 sold Brownsea 
to Sir Charles Chad, of Pinkery Hall, Norfolk. Sir Charles, like 
his predecessors, expended considerable sums in additions and 
improvements to the castle and grounds, among which was a 
pheasantry, a keeper's cottage, and the pretty cottage called 
Seymour's on the north side, facing and overlooking Poole. 

In 1818 Prince George, afterwards George the Fourth, paid a 
visit of some duration as a guest of Sir Charles Chad, and was 
received with a royal salute from the castle guns. He expressed 
his pleasure to his host, and said he had no idea there was such 
a delightful spot in the kingdom. The next owner was Sir 
Augustus Foster, by whom it was bought in 1840. He died 
in 1848. 

Colonel Waugh bought it in 1852 partly on account of its 
clay deposits, and proceeded to develop its resources on a lavish 
scale. He restored the castle and added the stone front on the 
south and east sides. He also reclaimed about 100 acres of the 
foreshore, and built an embankment and sea wall around it. He 



BKOWNSEA ISLAND. 



'93 



established a pottery on the west end of the island, and erected 
about 30 cottages near by. The pretty little village of Maryland, 
consisting of about 20 cottages, still exists, though the pottery 
and clay pits have been abandoned. Colonel Waugh also 
erected St. Mary's Church and endowed it. It is built in the 
Gothic style, partly roofed and panelled with beautiful oak taken 
from Richard the Second's Council Chamber in Crosby Hall. 
Colonel Waugh, owing to financial troubles, was obliged to 
relinquish his interest in the island, and it was sold by the Court 
of Chancery to a Mr. Faulkner, who continued the potteries, in 
which he was not, however, successful, and the island passed 
into the hands of the Right Hon. George Augustus Frederick 
Cavendish Bentinck, in whose possession it remained until his 
death in 1892. Mr. Bentinck again restored the castle, and 
many of the interesting Italian works of art that adorn the island 
and church are remnants of his excellent antiquarian knowledge 
and taste. Mr. Bentinck and his wife are buried in the church- 
yard, and a most beautiful Italian well-head marks their resting 
place. This monument, which is of great antiquarian value, has 
upon it the crest of the Leze family. It came from Calnaria to 
Ravenna and thence to Venice in 1297. 

Among other beautiful objects that remain to mark Mr. 
Bentinck's reign are the two lovely marble figures used as 
lecterns in the church. These winged angels were formerly 
part of an altar in the church of St. Lucihia of Venice, built by 
the famous architect Palladio, and taken down many years ago 
to make room for the railway station. In the drawing room of 
the castle also may be seen the very beautiful i6th century 
marble mantelpiece. Major Kenneth Balfour purchased the 
island in 1892, and in 1896 occurred the disastrous fire, which 
completely gutted the interior of the building. Major Balfour 
rebuilt the castle in 1897, and at the end of 1900 it came into 
the possession of the present owner. The island is elliptical in 
shape, rising from the shore to a height in places of goft. These 
hills, that nearly encircle it again, slope down to the central 
valley, in which are two ornamental lakes, supplied by springs, 



194 BROWNbEA ISLAND. 

and the kitchen gardens and vineries. At one spot near the 
lakes is a grassy slope leading to a cottage and known as 
Venetia Park, where palms, orange and lemon trees, and tropical 
plants flourish. All through the island the slopes are covered 
with rhododendrons, juniper, Scotch firs, insigniis, macrocarpa, 
Corsican pines, and many other varieties of evergreens, plenti- 
fully mingled with cedars and deciduous forest trees. Wild 
fowl in great variety visit the Island, and the low-lying land 
within the sea-wall is the favourite haunt of many seabirds ; and 
several varieties of plover, the redshank, greenshank, sandpiper, 
and snipe may be found there. The cross-bill comes very often, 
and the green woodpecker's cry is quite familiar. But perhaps 
the most beautiful little winged creature that favours us is the 
kingfisher. 

I fear that I have perhaps transgressed as regards taking up 
too much time in reading the paper, but my attachment to the 
subject of my theme must be my excuse. 





ome Clifton Jlnfiquifies. 



By Rev. HERBERT PENTIN, M.A., F.S.A. (Ed.). 



"THE RUINS" IN MILTON ABBEY PARK. 




T the south-west end of the Abbey Church, some 
distance across the Park, can be seen a 
picturesque ivy-covered, dilapidated build- 
ing known as "The Ruins." 

These " ruins " were erected by Joseph, 
Lord Milton, about the year 1790, and were 
buijt up of materials (chiefly stone, with 
some brick), obtained from the destruction 
of the Old Town in 1786 (see Proceedings, 
Vol. XXV., p. i). There are also a few carved stone fragments 
from the Abbey, which probably came out of the church at 
Wyatt's "restoration" in 1789. 

Lord Milton's object in erecting "the ruins" was to make the 
landscape more interesting. His tree-planting promised to be 
a great success; but his endeavour to convert "the Abbot's 
Pond" into a large lake in front of his mansion had failed. 
And so a ruin in the valley, with the well-wooded hills rising 
above, was his alternative picture. 

The plan of "the ruins" is supposed to have been suggested 
to his Lordship by some foreign genuine ruins known as "La 



196 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 



Therese." There is a sketch in the parish of the Milton 
"ruins," made about eighty years ago, and underneath are the 
words "La Therese." 

"The Ruins" suggest a cruciform shape; but are, of course, 
incomplete. There is no roof. The chancel is the most 
complete portion of the building. Its width is 23 feet, and its 
length almost the same. It contains two north and two south 
window-arches (one of which has recently fallen down) and a 
large east window-arch. There are no mullions or glass, and 
all the window-arches are what may be called (for want of a 
better term) " Imitation Pointed." Those on either side of the 
chancel are separated by an "Imitation Pointed" door-arch, 
without any capitals or doors. Just outside the south door-arch 




EXTEEIOE OF "THE ROTNS," MlLTON ABBEY PAKE. 

a large yew-tree is growing, and the ivy, which was planted 
inside the chancel, has largely covered the interior walls, crept 
through the windows, and makes a brave show on the exterior 
walls. In the south-east corner of the chancel a carved stone 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 



197 



pedestal for the statue of a saint projects from the wall, and 
about five feet higher there is a carved stone canopy also 
projecting. These isth century fragments almost certainly 
came from the Abbey Church, also "the string-course" of the 
same period on either side of the south door-arch. Underneath 
the pedestal, lying on the grassy ground, are two carved stone 
fragments bearing a shield containing the arms, considerably 
dilapidated, of Lord Milton (Darner impaling Sackville). There 
are other loose stones lying about both inside and outside the 
building. 

The north transept is 14 feet long and 13 feet wide (with a 
large yew-tree growing in the centre). It has no north end. 
It contains an "Imitation Pointed" window-arch on the east 
and west sides. Half of that on the west side has fallen down. 
There is no south transept. 




INTERIOR OF "THE EUINS," MILTON ABBEY PARK. 



198 SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 

The nave is suggested on the north side only by a wall five 
feet long and an additional five feet of foundation laid. There 
is no sign of a wall on the south side. 

The exterior of the east end of "The Ruins " is naturally the 
most imposing portion of the building, as that was the part 
which was chiefly intended to be seen. It is built higher than 
any other portion, and on either side of the east window-arch is 
a lofty octagonal pinnacle, with a large and curious "cross" 
deeply incised (incised, apparently, when "the ruins" were 
erected). It might be described : Between two batons, as 
many taus, base to base, all palewise. The stone cross on 
the highest central point of the Ja$ade has tumbled down, and 
underneath the embattled work is a pierced trefoil above the 
window-arch. The north pinnacle has a stone Latin cross on 
its summit ; the top portion of the southern pinnacle is broken 
off. 

" The Ruins " have considerably fallen to pieces since they 
were erected, and the ivy has become so masterful that the 
picturesque little building, amid the luxurious foliage around, is 
scarcely ever noticed at a distance by those who do not know 
of its existence. 

May it, however, long stand as one of the monuments of that 
remarkable man who, though he destroyed a town, erected a 
ruin ! 

MONASTIC BURIAL RELICS AT MILTON ABBEY. 

During Sir Gilbert Scott's restoration of the Abbey Church, 
about 40 years ago, two graves were laid bare. 

The first grave, at the foot of the High Altar, contained the 
skeleton of an Abbot, with six pieces of a wooden pastoral staff 
and its crook (almost circular) and some other small fragments 
of wood ; also several pieces of sandals and an iron buckle of a 
girdle. The length of the six pieces of staff is 23 inches, and 
the diameter of the crook is 2 inches. The widest part of the 
sole of the sandals is 2} inches. 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. igg 

In the other grave, to the west of the Abbot's, was a skeleton 
of one who had been in priest's orders, with a chalice and paten 
of secondary metal. The bowl of the chalice is 4 inches in 
diameter, and its height (measured from the inside) is i inch. 




THE BTTKIAL CHALICE AND PATEN. 

The stalk, which has a plain flat pomel in the centre, is about 
ij inches long, and the foot (partly broken) measures about 
3 inches in diameter. The paten originally was almost flat, but 
it is now somewhat battered. It is very slightly sunken in the 
centre, and has two thin incised lines running round the rim. 
The diameter of the paten is 4! inches. Neither paten nor 
chalice has any maker's marks thereon, but they are probably of 
the 1 4th century. 

Although these burial relics were discovered 40 years ago, the 
photograph reproduced is the first which has ever been taken. 

THE REBUS OF ABBOT MIDDLETON. 

On the north wall of the south aisle of the Abbey Church, not 
far from the present vestry, the rebus of Abbot William de 
Middleton occurs over a isth century niche for a statue, of 
which the carved canopy and mouldings have been cut off level 
with the wall. The rebus consists of the letter W with pastoral 



20O 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 



staff, a windmill on a cask a mill on a tun, i.e., Milton the 
name Middleton probably being pronounced Milton. The date 
is 1514, the 4 being represented by half an eight. The rebus 




THE MILTON REBUS. 

also occurs in the Great Hall and on the stone porch of the 
Abbey House, in " the Abbot's Oriel," on a gateway at 
Delcombe Manor, and on the vaulting of the transepts and 
" crossing " of the Abbey Church. The life of Abbot Middleton 
is written in my little book on Milton Abbey and its School. 



MEDIEVAL TILING. 

The encaustic tiles which form the chancel floor of S. 
Catherine's Chapel were removed from the Abbey Church in 
the year 1865. Some of these mediaeval tiles are heraldic and 
contain the Arms of the See of Exeter (the cross keys and 
sword), the Earls of Cornwall, Gloucester, and Hertford, and 
others (three lions passant, a shield vaire, another checquee, 
three swans, a cross between four lions rampant within a bordure 
engrailed). A tile, manufactured at Malvern, has an inscription 
and date 1456. Besides these there are two knights on horse- 
back (one with a spear, the other with a sword), a stag and 
hound, a dog in front of a tree, two birds, a star with six points, 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 



201 



and other more ordinary patterns. Some loose fragments of 
similar tiling are preserved in the south transept of the Abbey 
Church. 



nilttn 
flbbey. 

77/esfnorr 




By permission from " The Builder."] 



THE PANEL PAINTINGS. 

On the east side of the Rood Loft of Milton Abbey are 
two crude oil paintings, presumably of the i^th century, 
which represent Athelstan, the founder of Milton, and a 
queen. 

The king, in royal apparel, is handing over bodily to the 
kneeling Head of the Monastery a church of considerable size 
having an oblong ground plan with three spires. The i3th 
century seal of the Abbey also credits the church at Milton 
with three spires; but these disappeared in 1309 when the 
building was struck by lightning. 



102 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 



The queen holds a pair of white gloves in her right hand, and 
on her left hand is a hawk or falcon (?) of many colours, tearing 
the wing and claw of a bird. At her feet is an animal which it 
would be difficult to name. The queen cannot represent 
Athelstan's wife, as he was never married. Professor Freeman 
states that "no trace of his queen exists in any charter, grant, 
or document, such as attest the existence of illustrious persons 
in the Middle Ages." Perhaps the painting represents 
Athelstan's mother Egwynna, "femina illustris" ; as according 
to the Register of Milton she is buried in the Abbey Church. 
("At Milton, Athelstan founded a Monastery and Collegiate 
Church : to this safe and holy spot he brought the mortal 
remains of his mother, and laid them in the holy ground. "- 
Bishop Browne, of Bristol.'} On the other hand, doubts have 
been cast upon Athelstan's legitimacy. In some histories, but 
not the earliest, his mother is regarded as the concubine and not 
the queen of Edward the Elder. 





KING ATHELSTAN. 



QUEEN EGWYNNA. (:) 



SOME MILTON ANTIQUITIES. 203 

The oak panels are 3 feet 3 inches long, and i foot 8J| 
inches broad. The paintings are in good condition, and the 
colours are as bright as if painted recently. 

For particulars of the Incised Abbatial Slab at Milton Abbey, 
and the Indulgence Inscription at S. Catherine's Chapel, see 
Prcceedings, Vol. XXV., p. 187, 191. 




of Sorsef. 



The labours of our friends having resulted in the completion 
of the record of inscriptions on the Dorset bells, some attempt 
at classification must be made. The earliest bells are generally 
without inscription, mark, or ornament. The converse, however, 
does not hold good, as uninscribed bells, especially smaller 
ones, were made quite in later times. Of some twenty-five bells 
in Dorset which are of this unadorned type, and presumably of 
older date, the smaller of the two which hang in the double cote 
at Stock Gaylard is most notable. Long and narrow it is, the 
diameter only n inches, whereas the height is 12^ inches, the 
former being thus only '88 of the latter. The dimensions of the 
mediagval tenor at Nether Cerne give rather more than 1-28, and 
at Powerstock and Silton the diameters of tenors mount to 
nearly one and a-half of the heights. These instances have 
been taken at random. The dates of the two bells are 1772 and 
1702 respectively. ' 

We are in the misty land of conjecture, and the presentation 
of new problems, rather than the solution of old ones, is our lot 
as we examine the large group in Longobardic lettering. 

Comparing Dorset with other counties, there are three points 
to be remarked with regard to these bells the variety in the 
crosses, stops and lettering, the frequent appearance of graceful 
and elegant decoration, and the late survival of the lettering. 
Everywhere, indeed, it exists for a while side by side with its 
successor, the black letter, the same foundry stamps standing in 
line with either type ; but here the later form seems to have 
supplanted its predecessor by unusually slow degrees. 

Simplicity of lettering and ornamentation gives a hint, but 
only a hint, of comparative antiquity. Thus, Alton Pancras 
third, with its plain cross and lettering, seems to demand early 
notice, but we cannot identify either in other counties. But 
this is not the case with the Osmington treble and the smaller 
bell at Milton Abbas. In this pair under the initial cross is R 
(Fig. 55), which appears in a similar position on five Sussex 



206 tttE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 

bells, two of them being at Washington, two at Beeding, and one 
at Yapton. All bear simple dedications S. Michael, the Virgin 
Mary, S. Katherine, and S. Margaret. The last takes the form 
of the Salutation, which brings it near the Osmington S. Gabriel. 
At Appledram, in the same county, are two bells with the same 
lettering, but with P. W. under the cross, and these initials are 
also on the second bell at Stowting, Kent. It may be that they 
indicate the name of the successor to R, whom Stahlschmidt * 
was inclined to identify with John de Romenaye or William 
de Raughton, Metropolitan founders. But the R is probably 
the initial of the founder's Christian name, and the blundered 
Sf5R<9 ^ <3r?OF)pnneS points rather to an illiterate 
founder than to monastic operations, such as we sometimes 
find elsewhere. 

The larger bell at Stock Gaylard and the bell at Wraxall have 
the same lettering. The former presents a strange contrast in 
shape to its fellow just mentioned, the diameter being four- 
thirds of the height. The A's are all placed sideways, The 
reference to Wraxall should be 83, not 82. As Thomas Hey 
" makede " the latter, no doubt he also " makede " the former. 
The verb is a delightful survival, just as we read in an Old 
English Homily not earlier than the thirteenth century, that 
"makede Moyses" the sour water of Egypt to be sweet to the 
folk of Israel, f This lettering is not identical with those on 
the Haselbury Bryan second (Fig. 34) or third (Fig. 35). The 
latter has moderately floriated letters, and the initial cross has a 
crowned P at its foot. Tar rant Keynston seems to have unique 
lettering, with signs of taste. 

Thus gradually ornament makes its way in the foundry, and 
we chronicle some with crowned capitals, of which one seems 
unique the bell in Bingham's Melcombe tower inscribed 
O BCflCsfl (I^II7I<9fIS, with a cross much expanded at the 
ends, engraved No. 21. I can find its counterpart nowhere, and 



Surrey Bells and London Bell Founders, p. '20. 
t Old English Homilies, E.E.T.S., I., 129. 



THE CHURCH BELLS Of t>ORSE. 20) 

must leave it, remarking the elegance of the lettering. Letters 
of unusual form in the inscription % SpHCsSfl | CDp^Ip 
Ol^fl ; EFJO UOBIS, formerly on the Haselbury Bryan 
tenor, fortunately, have been preserved. They are engraved 
(No. 36), and, as I cannot find them as yet either in the west or 
in more distant counties, I can only look wistfully to Hampshire 
or Wiltshire for enlightenment in this dilemma, as well as in the 
case of the Nether Cerne tenor. 

On the strength of the inscription on the tenor at Wimborne 
Minster one fine bell at any rate may be assigned to Dorset in 
the Plantagenet period. When Anthony Bond in 1629 recast 
this grand tenor, placing on it his monogram, the inscription, 
which still remains, was "MR WILHEMVS LORINGE ME 
PRIMO FECIT IN HONOREM ST& CVTBERG^ 
RENOVABAR SVMPTV PAROCHIALI PER JB ANNO 
DOMINI 1629," and after the names of the Churchwardens, 
and initials, probably those of the three priests of the Minster, 
is a shield bearing a chevron and three mullets. It is remarkable 
that this bell appears to have been cast with a flat crown. Mr. 
William Loringe was one of the Canons of Wimborne Minster 
in the early part of the reign of Richard II. The care of the 
parish authorities in the reign of Charles I. preserved the name 
of the foundress of the Nunnery, the sister of Ina King of 
Wessex, married to and divorced from Osred King of 
Northumbria, Saint Cuthberga. 

Little Bredy fifth and East Morden fourth have the same 
initial cross (43A), which appears to be No. 66 in Ellacombe's, 
Somerset ; but I have not succeeded in finding its location in 
the list of inscriptions in that county. The cross (8iA) at 
Caundle Stourton was probably engraved from an inferior cast 
of the same cross, and possibly Maiden Newton fifth (43A) is 
another case. These have a certain affinity which connects 
them with the treble at Chittern, Wiltshire, the only bell as yet 
discovered which bears the name of John Barbur, doubtless the 
John Barbor, of Salisbury, whose will has been most kindly 
placed in our hands by Dr. Amherst D. Tyssen, the veteran 



208 THE CHURCH BELLS Of DORSET. 

campanologist, and author of The Church Bells of Sussex. This 
important document will be printed at length by the Wiltshire 
Society, and it suffices to give a few points in the last testament 
of this Brasier, citizen of Franc Sarum. After a beautiful 
exordium, in which he says that " nichil morte certius and nichil 
incertius," he directs that his body be buried in the Church of 
S. Edmund, in Nordhile, and leaves many legacies in money 
and chattells a pair of " biluwes" and the weight of 200 (Ib. ?) 
of ol/ce cenene to John Peccham, to Humphrey, the founder, los. 
worth of the same, to Peter Brasier (perhaps the P of whom we 
are in search) his gear and his best gown. The local detail is of 
great interest to the good folk of Salisbury, especially fifty " paria 
de blanketts" to the bedridden and sixty "paria socularum " 
to tramps (vagrantibus) in the city. The probate of this will 
was made on August 27th, 1403. 

The hexameters from the hymn to S. Christopher and the 
English rhyme to S. Katharine, found on the third and fourth 
bells at Shapwick, were given on p. 106, as well as in the list of 
inscriptions. 

That the two have the same origin is rendered probable by a 
connecting link at Little Hormead, to be mentioned directly. I 
cannot identify the stops, which seem to belong to S. Katherine. 
Possibly a guild of S. Katherine may be discovered at Bristol or 
Salisbury. 

The wheel, appropriately placed on the S. Katherine's bell, is 
No. 96, engraved on p. 204 and on p. 7 (Fig. 8) of North and 
Stahlschmidt's Church Bells of Hertfordshire, from Little Hormead 
second, which bears a cross not engraved before (Fig. 7), and a 
dedication to S. Margaret in the small elegant letters on 
Shapwick third. The fifth at Deophan, Norfolk, has the same 
wheel stop, except at the rhyme, where it is supplanted by a 
larger one of the same type. The inscription is (in apparently 
different type) 

. SIS@O. 



THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 20Q 

Here the initial cross is formed by very rectilineal fleur-de-lis. 
The fourth at Wissett, Suffolk (UII^GO. fflflFJIfl). has the 
Shapwick fourth lettering and stop, but the initial cross is 
Glouc. Jo. Surlingham third (Norfolk) resembles Deopham, 
not Shapwick, in lettering, and has the Deopham rhyme stop 
for an ordinary word stop. The inscription is 4* UII^GIRIS. 
GG^eGlfcl. UO@Oi^. (s^ffll^r^ ffi^ie. The bell at 
East Ham, Essex, without initial cross, and with a stop 
unknown to me, has the Shapwick fourth letter. 

Among the later Longobards is the Broadwinsor tenor, which 
introduces us by its foundry stamp (52 A) to Robert Norton, of 
Exeter. His inscriptions are generally in black letter, and are 
found in Somerset and Devon, each of which counties contains 
several of his bells. He seems to have been succeeded by a man 
whose initials were i t, placed like Norton's on each side of a 
bell in the stamp. We were inclined to assign to this foundry 
the large group of bells bearing the cross 26 A ; but the locality 
of that cross seems to indicate a more eastward position, 
probably Salisbury. 

We obtain a glimpse, not a very pleasant one, of Norton in 
the reign of Henry VI., for Ellacombe * quotes the record of his 
dishonest dealing from a Chancery Roll, c. 1432, when the 
" pore parishene's of Plymptre in Devenshere meekly besought 
John Stafford, Bishop of Bath and Wells, Lord Chancellor, that 
where as they by John Forde one of the same parisshe, bought 
of one Robert Norton of Exeter, Bellemaker, iij Bellys to paye 
for evry c 1 ' of the wight of the metal ther of xxvij" there the 
sayd John and Robert by ontrewe ymagynacion coneyn and 
desseit enformyd the said paryshenes that the said bellys were of 
the wight of ij mill, ccc .... ij li wher as in dede thay weyyd but 
xviij c lj " &c. 

Reverting to 2 6 A, it certainly occurs with Exeter lettering, but 
Mr. Walters points out that a curious double-cusped cross 



* Church Bells of Devon, p. 46. 



210 THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 

(Glouc. 63) used by Norton is also used by Robert Handler, 
of Gloucester. We cannot unravel this knot. 

We need be in no doubt about Bristol when we consider the 
largest of the three bells at Langton Matravers, bearing the Ship' 
stamp (90A), the main charge in the arms of that city from 
ancient days. Mr. Walters has collected some 25 examples from 
Devonshire, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Brecknockshire, Wiltshire, 
and Somerset. The last county alone contains seven of them. 
The crown (900) appears on several of these bells. Sometimes 
a smaller one (Somerset 42) is used. The Langton Matravers 
inscription does not indicate erudition in the craftsman, fl is 
left in Snn(s><5C. HOnflS appears unknown to hagiology, 
and O is split from Pf! by what is meant for an initial cross. 
This type of bell seems to belong to the last days of the 
Longobards, for the diameter and height are 33 inches and 
24 respectively, the former 1^375 of the latter. 

Among the London founders of the black letter period we 
mentioned Henry Jurden (p. in). The two smaller bells at 
Chetnole are by him. The melancholy history of his -son Dan 
Henry may be read in my Church Bells of Suffolk, and much 
later information about the Metropolis and its craftsmen is in 
Mr. Cocks's Church Bells of Buckinghamshire. 

The presence of the Norwich bells at Ford Abbey, in Thorn- 
combe Parish, is still quite a mystery. 

There is little enough to record during the first half of 
Elizabeth's reign. The bell at Hook is dated 1563, and bears 
eight letters, which may be the initials of four benefactors. 
Ryme Intrinsica second and third are seven years later, with 
initials N.D., not those of any known founder; but the other 
contemporaneous bell, the larger one at Milton Abbas, enables 
us to hazard a guess, the inscription being A DN 1576. As 
the figures are placed backwards at Ryme, ND may be taken for 
DN. To this small contribution the doings of the end of the 
sixteenth century stand in strong contrast. The star of John 
Wallis, of Salisbury, rises at Buckland Newton (pardon the 
mixed metaphor!) in 1581, very soon after the beginning of his 



THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 211 

work. We know him as at Handley in 1584, though the bell has 
been recast, at S. Margaret Marsh in 1586, at Caundle Stourton 
in 1588, at East Lulworth and Tarrant Crawford in 1589, at 
Twerne Courtney (Shroton) in 1590, at Osmington in 1593, at 
Bincombe, Swanage, Stourpaine (old third), and Owermoigne 
in 1594, at West Stafford, Fifehead Magdalen, and Fifehead 
Neville in 1595, at Alton Pancras in 1596, at Shaftesbury in 1597, 
at Affpuddle and Marnhull in 1598, at Piddletown in 1599, and 
there are many more with his initials as far down as 1636, which 
length of period suggests that there may have been two founders 
of the same name, perhaps father and son. Great as his 
business was, he had not a complete monopoly. At Mansion 
the third, dated 1598, bears the initials R.B., which may be 
those of the well-known Richard Bowler, of Colchester, prede- 
cessor of the great Miles Grave. At Lillington we find a 1590 
bell with the initials W. W. 

Three others remain for identification Nether Compton 
fourth, 1585, with Longobardic lettering, also Thornford second 
and Yetminster second, marked Anno Domini 1593 an ^ Anno 
Domini 1595. 

Contemporaneous with Wallis in his later days was another 
founder, whom Lukis places at Salisbury John Danton, with 
whose initials R.T. are often associated. We find him at 
Chaldon Herring, Arne, and Tarrant Monkton in 1625 ; in the 
next year at Spettisbury, Winterborne Stickland, and Hilton ; at 
Shillingstone in 1634 and at Handley in 1636. The location 
plainly points in the direction of Salisbury, and the accounts of 
S. Thomas's parish in that city for 1630 contain an agreement 
with him. The Purdue family now claims attention. The first 
bellfounder of the name on record is George, who seems to 
have been born c. 1580, and who in 1613 is described as of 
Taunton in the churchwardens' accounts at Nettlecombe, 
Somerset. His earliest bell in Dorset is Fordington tenor, 
1602. Very likely C. P. on the old tenor at Studland (1605) is a 
mistake for G. P. He will be found at Compton Valence, 
Stratton, Halstock, Upwey, Burton Bradstock, and Chardstock. 



212 THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 

Here on the fourth bell his name appears in full GEORGE 
PVRDY. Three of his sons, William, Roger, and Thomas, 
followed their father's calling. William's initials first appear at 
Holwell, 1604, which seems a very early date for him, then at 
Hinton S. Mary, 1614; at Burton Bradstock and Rampisham, 
1615 ; and at Chaldon Herring in 1618. Then, after a break of 
more than twenty years, W. P. turns up at Winterborne Zelstone, 
1640, and finally at Shaftesbury Holy Trinity, Fontmell, and 
Ibberton in 1641. The range from these earlier bells to 1673, 
the date on the stone to the memory of William Purdue in 
Limerick Cathedral, is apparently too long for one craftsman, 
though just possible, but the inscription 

HERE A BELLFOUNDER, HONEST AND TRUE 
UNTIL THE RESURRECTION LIES PURDUE 

clearly identifies him with the Salisbury family, for at Closworth, 
Somerset, lies Thomas, the third brother, who died in 1711, 
aged 90 years, under a slab inscribed : 

HERE LIES A BELL FOUNDER, HONEST & TRUE 
TILL YE RESURRECTION, NAMED PURDUE 

The connection of the family with Salisbury is of very old 
standing. A bequest of John Purdye, no new thing, is recorded 
in 1562-1563, * f and our William was employed at S. Edmund's 
in 1656 and at S. Thomas's in 1661. + 

From Roger, the second brother, described as "of the cyttie 
of Bristoll, bell founder" in records at Wells, came Stratton 
fourth and Caundle Bishop's third in 1627, Piddlehinton tenor 
and the bell said to have been once at Radipole, now in the Old 



* Swayne's C. W.'s accounts S. Edm. and S. Tho. Sarum, pp. 106, 334. 

f Lukis, p. 101 . 

+ Swayne's C. W.'s accounts S. Edm. and S. Tho. Sarum, pp. 106. 334. 
Ellacombe's C.B. of Devon, p. 56. 



THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 213 



Town Hall, Weymouth, in 1633, Hilton third in 1637, 
Manston treble in 1639. I dare not attribute the 1603 Whit- 
church Canonicorum bells to him, in spite of initials. 

Of Thomas, the third brother, we shall speak in his period. 
Loders third, 1641, and Chardstock third, 1649, are pretty sure 
to be Thomas Penning ton's, who cast the tenor at the latter 
place in 1626, when he was also busy at Trent, Somerset. 
Ellacombe says that Thomas and John Pennington " lived at 
Lezant and Stoke Climsland," and were itinerant founders,* but 
in another place he calls them " of Exon." f 

I think that the historic bell, now recast, from which I copied 
in 1852 in Child Okeford tower the inscription 

OOD BLESS THE KINO OHA^ILS. 1648 
IE WM Td 

is doubtless Thomas Pennington's. It is worth enquiring who 
I. E. and W. M. were. 

' ' To see in what estate they live 
And nothing to the poore they give " 

is an indication of the ever-painful social problem just before 
the Parliamentary war. We get it at Preston, 1629, and Abbots- 
bury, 1636. Some local magnate is the butt, as it would seem. 

The date suggests Anthony Bond, a founder about whom 
information is earnestly desired. Four bells of his remain in 
Dorset, all closely connected in locality and time Wimborne 
Minster tenor, 1629; Steeple second and third, 1633 and 1634; 
and Coombe Keynes second, 1636. Mr. R. C. Hope, J probably 
following Lukis, speaks of him as found in Norfolk and 
Suffolk ; but East Anglia knows him not. The mistake 

tr> 

probably arose from the w mark from Norwich, before we knew 



* Ellacombe's C.B. of Devon, p. 56. 
t Ellacombe's C.B. of Devon, p. 18. 
J Journal of the Royal Archaeological Institute, I., 152. 
An Account of Church Bells, p. 16. 



214 THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 

the importance of Alice, the wife of William Brend, bell founder, 
of Norwich, at the same time. Some day it may come to pass 
that Wimborne Minster records may reveal the man, who could 
have had no mean reputation to have been entrusted with the 
recasting of their tenor, the Cuthberga bell, made by Mr. 
Wilhemus Loringe, one of the canons of the church, in the 
eighth year of King Richard II. Hutchins* notes its "repair" 
with the Morrow Mass bell and a bell in the spire in 1534. 

At Puncknowle the initials R. N. are somewhat distracting. 
On the treble and tenor (1682) they stand for the squire, and 
perhaps for his progenitor in 1629 on the third, though they 
may denote the founder. The verse 

" He that will purchase honors gayne 
Mvst ancient lathers still ma (yntagne) " 

presents us with a word which I cannot find in Dialect 
Glossaries. Perhaps "lathers" may be allied to "lath," used 
elsewhere for a county sub-division, and mean local customs. 

We find the Commonwealth days not altogether destitute of 
bell casting. The parallelism in time of Thomas Purdue and 
Thomas Pennington prevents me from dogmatizing on the 
initials T. P. The poetic gift, however, shows itself, as may be 
seen by reference to Bere Regis, Shaftesbury S. Peter's, and 
Sherborne fire bell, and most conspicuously might it have been 
seen on the old tenor (dated 1658) at Okeford Fitzpaine : 

" I often have been beate and bandge 
My friends reioyce to see me handge : 
And when my friends doe chance to die 
Then I for them aloud will cry." 

Not long ago, in conversation with a friend, I was asked for 
an interpretation of 



* H.D., II., 147. 



THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 215 

which is on the Ford Abbey bell. I replied that the duties of a 
bell were unpleasant, chiefly to be knocked about, and that the 
bell prayed S. Margaret to make these duties pleasant. The 
parallel of the Okeford Fitzpaine inscription at once occurred to 
me. 

The later T. P. bells must be Purdue's, and those bearing 
poetry link themselves to him by the old Sherborne tenor, recast 
by him in 1670, inscribed : 

" By Wolsey's gift I measure time for all 
To mirth : to grieffe : to Church I serve to call.' 

John Toesser, whose year in Dorset was 1684, when he was at 
work for Lytchett Matravers and Winterborne Zelstone, describes 
himself as " son of C. T." As Clement Tosiear appears in the 
same business soon afterwards, there comes an inference that 
John's father's name was also Clement. Towards the end of the 
reign of George I. comes William. This family belongs to 
Salisbury. 

Dorset may have some earlier bells from Reading, or even 
from its predecessor, Wokingham. 

We are on sure ground, however, with Samuel Knight, who in 
1686 " Fee Set" two bells for Wimborne Minster. Of these the 
larger seems to be a recast, as he speaks of the former as 
" added to y e five." Mr. Cocks* notes his earliest known bell 
as dated 1684 at Stanford Dingley, Berks, and considers the 
Wimborne pair as probably cast by T. B., possibly an earlier 
Bilbie, whose initials they bear, for Samuel Knight. From the 
same source we read of Samuel's migration in the latter years of 
Queen Anne's reign from Reading to S. Andrew's, Holborn, 
where he died in 1739. 

William Knight, whoever he may be, looks, from his surname, 
to have some connection with Reading. There are more 
William Knights than one, bell founders, there in earlier days. 

* Church Bells of B tides, p. 137. 



2l6 THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. 

His works remain at Mappowder, 1735; Hampreston, 1738; 
Canford, 1739 ; Stoke Abbot, 1755 ; and the old bells at 
Studland were his make. 

Another William, surnamed Cockey, of Frome, is found in a 
knot of neighbouring churches Gillingham, Shaftesbury S. 
Peter, West Stower, Todbere in the days of George II. 

Considering the importance of the Rudhalls' foundry at 
Gloucester, it seems strange that there is so little of their skill 
to be shown. The six at Wimborne S. Giles proclaim Abel 
Rudhall, son of Abraham II., who made them in 1737. 

Now appears the great house of Bilbie, of which a few words 
were said on p. 125. One of the name, without an initial for a 
Christian name, made the bell for Dorchester Holy Trinity in 
1732 and three for Caundle Stourton in 1743. He seems 
identical with the Thomas Biibie, from whom came the old six 
at S. Peter's in that town in 1734, and who cast the indifferent 
octave for Cullompton at Chewstoke in 1746. Some years ago 
I was told at Lyme Regis that he committed suicide in despair 
of getting this Cullompton peal into tune. However this may 
have been, a Thomas Bilbie cast a treble for S. Peter's, 
Dorchester, at Cullompton in 1750, three for Cerne Abbas in 
1762, and a treble for Stoke Abbot in 1764. Next year we find 
him at Beaminster in a complicated record. There is an octave, 
of which T. Bilbie by himself makes the second, third, fourth, 
sixth, and seventh, but T. Bilbie, sen., and T. Bilbie, jun., made 
the treble and tenor, while the fifth required the joint efforts of 
T. Bilbie and sons. I think we may assume that the son 
Thomas was the maker of Chardstock tenor in 1766 and of 
others bearing his name later on, assisting with a brother James 
for Stalbridge fifth in 1791, while brother William, returning to 
the ancestral Chewstoke, cast the Folke fourth in 1777 and the 
Stalbridge sixth in 1779. Abraham Bilbie is found at Winter- 
borne Whitchurch in 1768. The latest date of the Bilbies in 
Dorset is 1806, at Broad winsor, from Cullompton, without a 
Christian name. From the same place in later days came 
several bells made by the Pannells. 



THE CHURCH fcELLS OF DORSET, liy 

One William Elery, B.F., shows up on the Winterborne 
Kingston tenor, dated 1749. It is, to the best of my belief, 
the sole instance of the name. Thomas Janaway, whose 
foundry at Chelsea (1763-1785) began and ended with him- 
self, cast the treble at Langton Matravers in 1768. Local 
work falls off as time goes on, the Metropolis swallowing up 
more and more of the casting and recasting. From the days of 
George III. to the present time Whitechapel and Cripplegate 
are far ahead of the total of other foundries far and near. Of 
the latter, Aldbourne, though conspicuous by its absence under 
the Corrs, does something in Dorset under Robert Wells and 
James Wells, the largest and earliest instance being the five at 
Witchampton in 1777. Bayley, Pyke, and Kingston, in 
succession in business at JBridgwater, are found in five towers. 
Joshua Kipling, of Portsmouth, is only known in our bounds at 
Corfe Castle. I can find out no more about the Blandford 
foundry. Salisbury has revived in the beginning of the new 
century, and appears at Stower Provost and Lytchett Minster ; 
and Bristol in the Jubilee year at Folke and (I feel sure) at 
Durweston also, and in a few other towers afterwards. 

Loughborough foundry is the descendant of the grand old 
Leicester business, which migrated to Kettering and S. Neot's, 
under the Eayres and Robert Taylor. In the next generation 
there was another migration of two Taylor brothers to Oxford. 
The elder, William, from whom we have the Pimperne tenor 
(1846) remained there, while John went to Loughborough, 
where his descendants need no notice from me. Their works 
speak for themselves. 

In the S. Neot's foundry there was a foreman, named Thomas 
Osborn, who, on the death of Joseph Eayre, carried on the 
work in conjunction with Edward Arnold, a cousin of Eayre's. 
The partnership lasted some six years. In 1779 Osborn 
removed to Downham Market, in Norfolk, his native place, 
where he did well, took his grandson, William Dobson, into 
partnership, and died in 1806. The grandson quite maintained 
the reputation of Downham Market. Many years ago an old 



2l8 THE CttURCti BELLS OF DORSEf. 

list of his peals fell into my hands. Dublin, the Island of 
S. Vincent, and Carnarvonshire know him ; and, above all, 
Liverpool, where his grand twelve, tenor 4-icwt., hang, in 
S. Nicholas tower. 

In Dorset his chief work was at Poole, for which he cast the 
eight in 1821. In 1827 he cast five out of the six for 
Sturminster Newton, and there are single bells of his at Corfe 
Castle and East Stoke. He died in London in 1842, aged 62, a 
brother of the Charterhouse, where he is buried. 

The Whitechapel foundry (removed from Phelps's old site to 
the Artichoke] enters Dorset in 1750, when Thomas Lester made 
the Langton Matravers treble. Afterwards he took Thomas 
Pack into partnership, and died early in 1769, his nephew, 
William Chapman (whose granddaughter, an old lady, named 
Skinner, was kind to me at Cambridge), joining Pack as 
junior partner. Their bells are at Portland S. George and 
Moreton. In 1781 Pack died. Mrs. Skinner told me that a few 
years before this time her grandfather was engaged in some 
work for a parish in Kent, and noticed the intelligent interest 
taken by a young man from the place. This led to the young 
man, whose name was William Mears, entering the foundry as a 
worker, and, after doing a little business on his own account, 
becoming Chapman's partner. Chapman died of consumption 
in 1784, and the whole business rested on William Mears, who 
brought his brother Thomas, a brewer at Canterbury, to help 
him. The only Dorset work by Chapman and Mears is the bell 
at Arne, cast in 1782.* Thomas Mears in 1789 took the 
foundry by himself, and in 1804 co-opted his son Thomas, 
whose name we find alone from 1809 to 1844. Thomas II. 
was succeeded by his sons Charles and George. Soon after 
the death of the former Robert Stainbank became partner to the 
latter. 

The Whitechapel bells are too many to recapitulate 
altogether about 120 some by Mr. Lawson, who died 

* The eight at Wareham are by William Mears, 1785. 






THE CHURCH BELLS OF DORSET. il<) 

suddenly last year. Those at Hinton Parva are stated on p. 108 
to have been Stainbank's, which is impossible. 

Bells from Cripplegate run into three figures. The story of 
the Warner family, too long to give here, is well told by 
Stahlschmidt in his Church Bells of Kent ; * but one remark of 
his on modern additions is worth recording. It does not apply 
to Kent alone, or to Cripplegate alone. When bells are added 
to an existing peal, or recast, they are almost always shorter in 
form than the older ones. Thus, though the new bells may be 
quite true in note, the variation in shape produces variation in 
harmonics, which does not improve the general effect of the 
whole ring. We have two from the Croydon foundry at Nether 
Compton and Yetminster, and two from Birmingham at 
Compton Abbas and Chaldon Herring. 

Lastly, there is the carillon at Cattistock, of which Dorset may 
be justifiably proud. The earliest English record of a carillon 
known to me comes from the will of John Baret, of Bury S. 
Edmund's, 1463, in which he directs that "the Sexteyn of Seynt 
Marie chirche do the chymes Smythe Requiem eternam " in 
connection with his Trental and "yeerday." As may be seen 
in Plate VII. in my Church Bells of Suffolk, the music only 
extended over five notes. In later days my native Boston set 
the example of machine music, when in 1867 Louvain supplied 
a set of 36 bells to extend upwards the old octave of the steeple 
bells. We have notable instances now at Eaton Hall and 
Aberdeen, as well as at Cattistock, where the same Louvain 
foundry, under Severin van Aerschodt, placed the tuneful ring, 
of which the detail of inscriptions may be found in its place. 
They are arranged in upward order, after the manner of 
musicians rather than ringers. The lowest four are in major 
diatonic scale in the key of E ; all the upper bells are in 
chromatic sequence. 

They owe their existence to a former Rector, the Rev. H. 
Keith Barnes, who, assisted by many friends, notably his 

* pp. 114, &c. 



220 THE CHURCH BELLS OP DORSET. 

successor, the Rev. R. P. Stickland, has given a lasting memorial 
of that love for bell music which is dear to so many hearts by 
association as well as from its inherent melody. 

In closing this imperfect appendix to the inscriptions in the 
county, I desire to return my best thanks to the members of the 
Dorset Field Club and other fellow-labourers, and especially to 
the Rev. W. Miles Barnes, the Hon. Editor of the Club's 
" Proceedings," and the Rev. C. W. Dicker, from whose 
drawings the blocks of engravings were prepared. Had it not 
been for the cordial co-operation of gentlemen who, with much 
trouble and inconvenience, climbed the towers and rubbed the 
inscriptions, this work could never have been carried through. 

Our history must end with a notice of the Cattistock carillon, 
necessary rather for those outside the county than for Dorset 
readers. The munificence of the late Rev. H. Keith Barnes, 
Rector of the parish from 1863 to 1875, not only provided the 
fine tower in which the bells hang, but also, with the help of 
members of his family and other kind friends, the bells them- 
selves. The idea seems due to Mr. Barnes's admiration of 
the celebrated carillon at Mechlin and other Belgian towns. 
The example, set first by Boston in 1867, was due to the 
impression produced in like manner on Mr. William Simonds, 
Mayor of Boston in 1865. Here there are 44 bells. Aberdeen, 
Eaton Hall, Worcester Cathedral, Shoreditch, and Bradford 
Town Hall have followed suit, and now this retired village is 
charmed with the music of its 35 bells. The inscriptions will be 
found in their place, arranged in order contrary to the campano- 
logical system, which always begins from the smallest. In 
IQOI a change was made, the bell in G being exchanged for one 
in A sharp, cast by Felix van Aerschodt, of Louvain, son of the 
noted Severin van Aerschodt, the original founder of the peal. 
This change was made on account of tune exigencies. A 
correction, therefore, is necessary on p. 35, reading in the peal 
3 and 4 for 4 and 5, and among the other bells 5 for 3. For 
years after their arrival at Cattistock the only voices from the 
Louvain foundry which were heard were those of the peal, till, 



THE CHURCH BELLS OF bORSET. 



through the energy and perseverance of the present Rector, the 
Rev. R. P. Stickland, the work was completed, and a joyful 
service of dedication held on June ist, 1899, when the Bishop 
of Salisbury preached to a large assembly, comprising many 
representatives of families connected with the parish in past 
days, and two representatives at least from every inhabited 
house. 

Appended is a table giving the weights and notes: 





WEIGHT. 


NOTE. 




WEIGHT. 


NOTE. 




cwt. Ib. 






Ib. oz. 




1 


19 87 


E 


19 


71 


C 


2 


12 5?, 


F sharp 


20 


82 


C sharp 


3 


9 17 


G sharp 


21 


66 


D 


4 


8 49 


A 


22 


45 


D sharp 


5 


7 80J 


A sharp 


23 


601 


E 


6 


5 110 


B 


24 


40 


F 


7 


5 23 


C 


25 


36J 


F sharp 


8 


4 28 


C sharp 


26 


86* 


G 


9 


3 36 


D 


27 


33* 


G sharp 


10 


3' 20 


D sharp 


28 


33 


A 


11 


2 49 


E 


29 


224 


A sharp 


12 


2 11 


F 


30 


24 


B 


13 


1 83 


F sharp 


31 


23f 


C 


14 


1 67 


G 


32 


23 


C sharp 


15 


1 50 


G sharp 


33 


24 


D 


16 


1 18 


A 


34 


23 14 


D sharp 


17 


1 5 


A sharp 


35 


23 1 


E 


18 


82 


B 










MINTERNE MAGNA TREBLE. 




in fe porscf ptafecf 
"gletx "35. Barnes, 

RECTOR OF WINTERBORNE CAME. 



te Cafe 




THE poems printed in the pages which follow were written, 
most of them, in 1867. This year was the last year 
in which W. Barnes wrote in the Dialect, with the 
exception of his last poem, " The Geate a-vallen to" 
which was written on October \^th, 1885, a * ^ IS 
dictation, for he was then too weak to write himself. 
Between 1868 and 1877 he wrote a large number of 
poems in ordinary English ; many of these have bten printed, but not 
all. I do not find any direct evidence of his having written any poem 
between 1877 and 1885, though there is indirect evidence that he 
wrote a few in ordinary English at some time in the course of those 
years, for nine such are printed in the "Dorset County Chronicle" 
0/1886. 

There has been some difficulty in making up this collection ; 
W. arnes left no list of his poems, and rarely talked of them ; 
so far as I can now remember, they were never the subject of table 
talk, unless, perhaps, occasionally after a public reading of them an I 
when there was any incident to relate in connection with it, so we 
never knew when he wrote ; he seems to have written when the inspira- 
tion was upon him, and, having written, he was satisfied. He rarely 




WILLIAM BARNES, 1870 (?). 



ilsr TftE CORSET DIALECT. 223 

refers to individual poems, even in his diaries, in which are many 
entries of " scrivendo versi," " versi scritti," without any indication 
of the subject. It is only occasionally that he has given the title of the 
poem on which he has been engaged. When he has given this 
information in the diary, I have added it as a footnote to the poem. 

Some views of Came Rectory and its surroundings, as they were in 
my father's time, have been added. Those who know the place will 
have noticed that, though the cottage itself is but little altered, its 
surroundings have been changed, so as to be beyond recognition. This 
was the work of a former rector of Came, who wished to have a tennis 
court in front of the house, and, as the ground undulated, instead of 
levelling it by removing soil from the higher to the lower parts, he had 
tons of soil carted away to the field opposite, the flower beds were 
demolished, the roads grubbed up and grassed down, the entrance gates 
taken away, and the entrance itself blocked. The old back entrance 
was retained, and is now the only approach to the house. It is a 
pity, as the picturesqueness of the place has been spoilt. 

The photographs, which I took before these changes were made, are 
the only existing representations of the place as it was. One of these, 
the entrance with its open gate, may recall the last poem written by my 
father, " The Gedte a-vallen to," and the bill on the gate post affords 
clear evidence of the date when it was taken, for it is the auctioneer's 
bill announcing the sale of furniture and effects. The other two 
views are the house and lawn taken, one in the early autumn, as may 
be seen from the leaves on the grass, and the front of the cottage taken 
in the summer, and showing the flower beds and "lions," which now 
decorate the entrance to Somerleigh Court, Dorchester. 

The former Rector of Preston, the Rev. E. Henslowe, has very 
kindly sent me a report of a conversation he had with Granny Galpin, 
a former parishioner of W. Barnes , who spent the last years of her 
life in that parish. As it might interest readers, I reproduce the 
conversation. 

Mr. Henslowe writes : 

" I was calling on her when she was living at Preston, and, in the 
course of our talk, she told me that she used to live at Came, and that 
she had a great regard for your late father. I thought it would 



224 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

interest and gratify her to record how many other people shared in the 
esteem and affection which she entertained for Mr. Barnes. I said, 
' You know they have put up a statue to him outside St. Peter's 
Church at Dorchester? She said, ' Fes ! and ivhat a colour ! ! 
poor dear man ! / / ' / said, ' Oh ! that's owing to the stuff they 
made it of; they couldn't help that, you know' She said, ' I don't 
cedre; they did ought to a-drawed'n out deferent. And, there, Mr. 
Barnes wur that clever he know'd vive or zix defferent sarts 0' 
languages, and, when any furriners did come to Darchester, the volk 
there didn't know what they did zaay, and couldn't vind out, not 
avore they did zend auver to Came fur he to come and tell 'em. 
And, now he's dead, they've a-daimed 'en ! ! !" 

It should be added, by way of explanation, that W. Barnes acted 
as interpreter in the police court at Dorchester on two or three occasions. 

W. AT. B. 



1. THE WIND AT THE DOOR. 

As day did darken on the dewless grass 
There still wi' nwone a-come by me, 
To stay a- while at hwome by me ; 
Within the house, all dumb by me, 
I zot me sad as the eventide did pass. 

An' there a win'-blast shook the rattlen door, 

An' seemed, as win' did mwone without, 

As if my Jeane, alwone without, 

A-stannen on the stone without, 

Wer there a-come wi' happiness oonce mwore. 

I went to door ; an' out vrom trees above 

My head, upon the blast by me, 

Sweet blossoms wer a-cast by me, 

As if my love, a-past by me, 

Did fling em down a token ov her love. 




c 

UJ 

5 
5 
3 
(fl 
I 

> 
QC 
O 
I- 
O 
u 
QC 

UJ 



O 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 225 

" Sweet blossoms o' the tree where I do murn," 

I thought, " if you did blow vor her, 

Vor apples that should grow vor her, 

A-vallen down below vor her, 

O then how happy I should zee you kern." 

But no. Too soon I voun' my charm abroke. 
Noo comely soul in white like her 
Noo soul a-steppen light like her 
An' nwone o' comely height like her 
Went by ; but all my grief agean awoke. 

2. WINTER A-COMEN. 

I'm glad we have wood in store awhile, 
Avore all the ground's avroze awhile ; 
Vor soon we must shut the door awhile 
Vrom wind that's a-whirlen snow. 

The zwallows have all a-hied away, 
The flowers have now a-died away, 
An' boughs, wi' their leaves, a-dried away, 
In wind do goo to an' fro. 

Your walks in the ash-tree droves be cwold, 
Your banks in the elem groves be cwold, 
Your bench by the house's oves be cwold 
Where zummer did leately glow. 

Noo rwose is a-bloomen red to-day, 
Noo pink vor your breast or head to-day, 
A-decken the gearden bed to-day, 
Do linger a-nodden low. 

Noo mwore is the swingen lark above, 
An air a-clouded dark above 
Do stifle the zun's last spark above, 
Where little blue sky do show. 



226 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

Zoo now gi'e your cheaks a bloom to-night, 
Where vier do het the room to-night, 
A'dreven away the gloom to-night, 
While winterly wind do blow. 

3. THE SURPRISE. 

As there I left the road in May, 

I vound, a-walken drough a ground, 

A gleade, wi' maidens at their play, 

By leafy boughs a-hemm'd all round. 

An' there, in me'th that show'd noo harm, 

They wagg'd their tongues in merry charm, 

Though little did they seem to fear 

So queer a stranger mid be near. 

Teeh ! heeh ! Look here ! Hah ! Hah ! Look there 

An' oh ! so playsome ; oh ! so fear. 

An' oone did dance, an' oone did spring, 

Or bob, or bow, wi' funny smiles ; 

An' oone did swing, or zit and zing, 

Or zew a stitch or two, at whiles ; 

An oone skipp'd on, wi' downcast feace, 

All heedless to my very pleace ; 

An' then, in fright, wi' oone voot out, . 

Meade oone dead step ; an' whirl'd about. 

Wi' heeh ! an' oh ! Ooh ! ooh ! Look there ! 

An' oh ! so playsome ; oh ! so fear. 

Away they scoted, all vull speed, 

By boughs a-swingen on their track, 

As rabbits, out ov wood at veed, 

At zight o' men do scote all back. 

Oone pull'd behind her litty heel 

A thread o' cotton, off her reel. 

An ooh ! to vollow thik white clue, 

I haef begun to scamper too. 

Teeh ! heeh ! Run here ! Eeh ! eeh ! Look there ! 

An' oh ! so skittish ; oh ! so fear. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. Z2y 

4. A WISH A-COME TRUE. 

My longen will, a-wand'ren wide 

Beyond the goods I had, 

Did hang on other gifts, that pride 

Mid turn from good to bad. 

An' in my dream I still did hope 

Vor thease green slope, where now the stream 

Do gi'e an' teake, wi' ramblen flight, 

My tonguey land o' left an' right ; 

By dippen downs, at dawn o' day, 

An' dewy dells, when day do die. 

An' now I have the trees to sway, 
Where western wind do roar 
Agean their bowen heads, to play 
The softer roun' my door, 
As they do pass an' cheace the flight 
O' runnen light on sheaded grass, 
An' zweep along the sheaken zedge, 
An' russle by the dead-leav'd hedge. 
By mornen mead, or midday mound, 
Or mellow midnight's mounted moon. 

An 1 there my cows, wi' wide-horn'd head, 

Do stalk, a-waggen slow, 

An' two be dun, an' two be red, 

A-cappled white as snow ; 

An' there vull wide o' back 's my meare, 

Vor zome long peare o' lags to stride, 

A cunnen jeade, that now would vind 

Out all my roads if I wer blind ; 

By winden ways, a-wandren wide, 

Or wilder weaste, or wind-blown wood. 



228 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

An' when my work do bring me all 
Its well-earn' d zilver cwein, 
An' I've a-paid each hand his call, 
Vor lawful pay vrom mine ; 
I still can speare enough to grant 
My wife a jaunt, wi' weather feair ; 
Or buy my bwoy a wooden hoss, 
Or gie my mai'd a doll to toss, 
Wi' little limbs a-loppen loose, 
To lie a-leanen low in lap. 



5. WHEN WE WERE YOUNG TOGETHER. 

When we, all friends, in manhood's prime, 

Did meet, work-free, wi' weather fine ; 

As you'd a-meade, at evenen time, 

Your workday good, as I had mine ; 

Then oone did call, as he did come 

To vetch another out vrom hwome : 

" Come out a while wi' me ! " 

" Aye, I shall soon be free." 

" How long have I to wait ?" 

" Why, I'm a-comen -straight." 

Aye, aye, twer zoo, 

That we did do, 

When we wer young together. 

While zummer days did slowly run 

Drough Noons o' shrunken sheades an' het ; 

Then we, a-burn'd below the zun, 

Did meet, an' call as we'd a-met : 

" Hallo ! why you do never come 

Vor me ? " " Nor you vor me at hwome." 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 229 

"Well, where's your road to-night?" 

"Where you should goo by right." 

" Shall I be welcome there ? " 

" To oone, I'd nearly zwear." 

Aye, aye, like that 

We then did chat, 

When we were young together. 

Then we, wi' many dear wold neames, 

Did meet, within zome nai'ghbour's door ; 

An' chap an' mai'd in merry geames, 

Did spring an' scuff about the vloor. 

If oone did speak a little teart, 

Another's answer wer as smart. 

" Come, who have you a-chose ? " 

" Here feace to feace in rows ;" 

" Here now we'll dance a-reel ;" 

" Here voot it, tooe an' heel." 

Aye, we did dance, 

An' hop, an' prance, 

When we were young together. 

Then we, in all our pride, did try 

Which chap could run or leap the best ; 

Or lift the biggest wai'ght, or shy 

A popple truer than the rest. 

" Who'll walk along thease narrow poles? " 

" Not you, my lad, wi' your splay zoles." 

" Now you can't hit the stowne." 

" I can. Whee-it. Well done ! " 

" Well, you can't clear the brook." 

" Oh, can't I, then ? You look ! " 

An' down he dash'd, 

As water splash'd, 

When we were young together. 



230 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

In zummer time we went to teake 

Our picnic by the castle walls ; 

An' play'd our geames bezide the leake, 

Where swans did zwim by watervalls. 

An' there, vor merry pranks, did clim' 

The broken wall or elems lim'. 

" Here, zee where I'm a-clomb ; " 

"Well, zee where I'm a-come." 

"You can't clim' down, wold bwoy ;" 

" I can, I'll bet. Heigh, hoy!" 

An' down he veil, 

You needen tell, 

When we wer young together. 



6. WINTER WEATHER. 



When elem stems do rise, in row, 
Dark brown, vrom hangens under snow, 
An' woods do reach as black as night 
By slopen yields o' cleanest white ; 
The shooters by the snowy rick, 
Where trees be high, an' wood is thick, 
A-mark^n tracks the geame do prick, 
Do like the winter weather. 

Or where do spread the grey-blue sheet 
Ov ice, vor skeater's gliden veet 
That they do lift, vrom zide to zide, 
Long yards, an' hit em down to slide ; 
Or sliders, one a-tott'ren slack 
Of limb, an one upon his back, 
An' one upright, do keep his track 
Ha' fun, in winter weather. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT.. 231 

When we at night, in snow an' gloom, 
Did seek some neighbour's lighted room, 
Though snow did show noo path avore, 
Towards the house, we vound the door ; 
An' there, as round the brands, did spread 
The creepen vire o' cherry red, 
Our veet vrom snow, vrom wind our head, 
Wer warm, in winter weather. 



Wherever day mid give our road 
By knaps, or hollows over-snow'd ; 
By windy gaps, or lewer nooks, 
Or briged ice, o' vrozen brooks ; 
Still mid we all, when night do come, 
Know where we have a peacevul hwome, 
An' glowen vire vor vingers numb 
Wi' cwold, in winter weather. 



7. CLOUDS. 

A-riden slow, at lofty height, 

Wer' clouds, a-blown along the sky, 

O' purple blue, an' pink, an' white, 
In pack an' pile, a-reachen high, 

A-shiften off, as they did goo, 

Their sheapes, from new, agean to new. 

An' zome like rocks an' tow'rs o' stwone, 
Or hills or woods, a-reachen wide ; 

An' zome like roads, wi' doust a-blown, 
A-glitt'ren white up off their zide, 

A-comen bright, agean to feade 
In sheapes a-meade to be unmeade. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

Zoo things do come, but never stand, 
In life. It mid be smiles or tears, 

A joy in hope, an' one in hand, 

Zome grounds o' grief, an' zome o' fears, 

It mid be good or mid be ill, 
But never long a-standen still. 



8. RINGS. 

A veary ring so round's the zun 

In summer leaze did show his rim, 
An' near, at hand, the weaves did run 

Athirt the pond wi' rounded brim : 
An' there by round built ricks of hay, 

By het a-burn'd, by zuns a-brown'd, 
We ail in merry ring did play, 

A-springen on, a-wheelen round. 

As there a stwone that we did fling 

Did zweep, in flight, a lofty bow, 
An' veil in water, ring by ring 

O' waves bespread the pool below, 
Bezide the bridge's arch, that sprung 

Between the banks, within the brims, 
Where swung the lowly benden swing, 

On elem boughs, on mossy limbs. 



9. THE BROKEN JUG. 
JENNY AND JOHN. 

Jen : As if you coudden leave the jug alwone ! 
Now you've a-smack'd my jug, 
Now you've a- whack' d my jug, 
Now you've a-crack'd my jug 
Agean the stwone. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIAtEdf. l 

John : Why he must be a-crack'd unknown to you, 
Zoo don't belie the stwone, 
He scarce went nigh the stwone ; 
He just went by the stwone, 
An' broke in two. 

Jen : He, crack'd avore ! no, he wer sound enough, 
Vrom back to lip, wer sound, 
To stand or tip wer sound, 
To hold or dip wer sound, 
Don't talk such stuff. 

John : How high then do the price o'n reach ? 
I'd buy zome mwore, so good ; 
I'd buy a score, so good ; 
I'd buy a store, so good, 
At twopence each. 

Jen : Indeed ! with stwonen jugs a-zwold so dear. 

(Slaps him.) 

No, there's a tap, vor lies ; 
An' there's a slap, vor lies ; 
An' there's a rap, vor lies, 
About your ear. 

John : Oh ! there be pretty hands ! a little dear. 

10. THE LOST LITTLE SISTER. 

O' zummer night, as day did gleam, 

Wi' weanen light, vrom red to wan ; 
An' we did play above the stream, 

Avore our house a-winden on, 
Our little sister, light o' tooe, 

Did skip about in all her pride 
O' snow-white frock an' sash o' blue ; 

A sheape that night wer slow to hide, 
Beside the brook a-tricklen thin 
Among the poppies, out an' in. 



234 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

When win' do blow at evenen time 

Now here, now there, by knap and nook, 
As mid be, on the leafy lime, 

Or grey bough' d withy by the brook, 
Or on the apple trees mid vail, 

Or on the elems in the grove, 
Or on the lofty tower's wall, 

By pleaces where we used to rove ; 
Then ev'ry sound on ev'ry pleace 
Do bring to mind her perty feace. 

If periwinkles' buds o' blue 

By lilies hollow cups do wind, 
What then can their two colors do, 

But call our sister back to mind ? 
She wore noo black she wore her white ; 

She wore noo black she wore her blue ; 
She never murn'd another's flight, 

Vor she's avore us all to goo ; 
Vrom where our litty veet did tread 
Vrom stwone to stwone the water's bed. 

11. TWO-PEART ZINGEN. 

I heard, at a house where I did call, 
A mother an' daughter's vai'ces ring, 
In tuens vor two, that they did zing, 

Strain upon strain, an' vail by vail. 

The mother wer comely, though a-stai'd, 
The daughter wer young, but woman-tall, 
As vo'k do come on, to big vrom small ; 

Mai'd upon child, an' wife vrom maid. 

An' oh ! when the mother, in the train 
O' years, mid h'a' left her mai'd alwone, 
Wi' noo fellow vaice to match her own, 

Ditty by ditty, strain by strain 



Mid time have a-shown the way to bring 
Her vaice to be mine ; wi' me to stay, 
While softly my life mid wear away, 

Zummer by zummer, spring by spring. 

12. GREEN. 

Our zummer way to church did wind about 
The cliff, where ivy on the ledge wer green. 

Our zummer way to town did skirt the wood, 
Where sheenen leaves in tree an' hedge wer green. 

Our zummer way to milken in the mead, 

Wer on by brook, where fluttren zedge wer green. 

Our hwomeward ways did all run into one, 

Where moss upon the roofstwones' edge wer green. 

13. THE DOG WF ME. 

Aye, then, as I did straggle out 

To your house, oh ! how glad the dog, 
Wi' lowzet nose, did nimbly jog 

Along my path, an' hunt about. 
An' his main pleasure wer to run 

Along by boughs, on timber'd brows ; 
An' ended where my own begun, 

At your wold door, an' stwonen vloor. 

An' there, wi' time a-gliden by, 
Wi' me so quick, wi' him so slow, 
How he did look at me, an' blow, 

Vrom time to time, a whinen sigh : 
A-meanen Come now, let us goo 

Along the knolls wi' rabbit holes ; 
I can't think what you have to do 

Wi' thease young feace, in thease wold pleace. 
Diary, July 20, 1867. Scriveiido versi, " The dog wi' me." 



236 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

14. JOHN BRINE ANGRY, AND A-TALKEN LOUD OF 
HIS NAIGHBOUR AVORE AN ECHO. 

Who is he I should like to be twold ! 

What is he I should like vor to know ! 
Why the Brines' neame would stan' good vor goold 

When the Browns had noo neame a-known o'. 

Echo No, no. 

No, I bent a-sheam'd o' my pleace ; 

No, I bent a-sheam'd o' my neame ; 
No, I can well hold up my feace 

Where he would hang his down vor sheame. 

Echo Vor sheame ! 

Since he can bestride a wold meare 

His limbs wi' his pride be a-strout, 
Though his veet did tramp about beare, 

When I had a ho's to ride out. 

Echo I doubt. 

Aye, aye, he mid yet have a vail, 

If a half I do hear do hold good ; 
I could very soon meake en look small, 

Wi' a teale I could tell, if I would. 

Echo I would. 

His pride would ha' come to an end 
Long a-gone, as it must, bye an' bye, 

If I hadden a-stood vor his friend 
As I did, an' the greater oaf I. 

Echo O fie ! 

I mid be a little vore-right ; 

But I never do do on the sly 
Little doens not fit vor the light ; 

You do never catch me in a lie. 

Echo A lie. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 137 

15. THE YIELD PATH. 

Here once did sound sweet words, a-spoke 

In wind that swum, 

Where ivy clomb, 
About the ribby woak ; 
An' still the words, though now a-gone, 
Be dear to me, that linger on. 

An' here, as comely vo'k did pass, 

Their sheades did slide, 

Below their zide, 
Along the flow'ry grass, 
An' though the sheades be all a-gone, 
Still dear's the ground they fell upon. 

But could they come where then they stroll'd, 

However young 

Mid sound their tongue, 
Their sheades would show em wold ; 
But dear, though they be all a-gone, 
Be sheades o' trees that linger on. 

O ashen poles, a-sheenen tall ! 

You be too young 

To have a-sprung 
In days when I wer small ; 
But you, broad woak, wi' ribby rind, 
Wer here so long as I can mind. 

16. THE SISTER AND BROTHERS. 

Joe : Come out to zee the glow-worms, do, 

So thick as blossoms on a bough. 
Sister : O no. The grass is wet wi' dew, 
An' I've a-put on slippers now. 
Here's Tom ; 
Where's he a-come'n vrom ? 



5 8 POEMS IN THE t>OkSET DIALECT. 

Tom : The nightingeale's by Woodcombe bog. 

Come down to hear en over hill. 
Sister : No, 'tis too vur an' vull o' vog 

Out there. I shall but catch a chill. 
Here's Bill 
A-comen. What's his will ? 

Bill : The Lincham bells be up vull swing, 

A-ringen peals. Come up the knoll. 
Sister : A-ringen peals ? Why they can't ring 
There now. They be but fit to toll. 
Well done, 
Here's Tom agean, vull run. 

Tom : John Hind is by his gearden wall, 

A-playen ov his clarinit. 
Sister : How I'm a-teaz'd among ye all ! 

I s'pose you'll have me out a bit. 



17. THE BARS ON THE RIDGE. . 

The bars on the timber' d ridge do span 
The gap that avore the sky do show 
The vo'k, all a-climben to or fro, 

Woman by woman, man by man. 

To strangers that once do reach the gap, 
How feair is the dell beyond the ridge, 
Wi' houses, an' trees, an' church, an' bridge, 

Wood upon wood, or knap by knap. 

Down here be some pleasant ways to rove ; 
But, oh ! 'tis another pleace behind 
The bars, that do teake, the mwost, my mind, 

Orchard by orchard, grove by grove. 



fOEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 239 

When under the moon, above the ledge, 

The glossy-worn upper bar do sheen, 

And light do shoot down the path, 
Rail upon rail, an' edge by edge. 

Then there is my way, while wind do sound 
So softly, on boughs, where lights and sheades 
Do play on the slope, by knaps an' gleades, 

Tree upon tree, an' mound by mound. 



18. LOWSHOT LIGHT. 

As I went eastward, while the zun did zet, 

His yollow light on bough by bough did sheen ; 

An' there, among the gil'cups by the knap, 
Below the elems, cow by cow did sheen. 

While after heairy-headed horses' heels, 

Wi' slowly-rollen wheels, the plough did sheen. 

And up among the vo'k upon the reaves 
One lovely feace, wi' zunny brow, did sheen. 

An bright, vor that one feace, the bough, an' cow, 
An' plough, in my sweet fancy, now do sheen. 

19. WHITE AN' BLUE. 

My love is o' comely height, an' straight, 
An' comely in all her ways and gait ; 
In feace she do show the rwose's hue, 
An' her lids on her eyes be white on blue. 

When Elemley clubmen walk'd in May, 
An' vo'k come in clusters, ev'ry way, 
As soon as the zun dried up the dew, 
An' clouds in the sky wer white on blue, 



240 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

She .come by the down, wi' trippen walk, 

By deasies, an' sheenen banks o' chalk, 

An' brooks, where the crowvoqt flow'rs did strew 

The sky-tinted water, white on blue. 

She nodded her head, as play'd the band ; 
She dapp'd wi' her voot, as she did stand ; 
She danced in a reel, a-wearen new 
A skirt wi' a jacket, white wi' blue. 

I singled her out vrom thin an' stout, 
Vrom slender an' stout I chose her out ; 
An' what, in the evenen, could I do, 
But gi'e her my breast-knot, white an' blue ? 

Diary, Oct. 31, 1867. Visitando e scrivendo versi, "White and Blue." 



20. WHITE IN THE NIGHT. 

An' John, that by day is down in mill, 

As soon as the night's a-come, 
Do goo vrom his gear a-standen still, 

In hwome, all white at the night. 

An' Jenny mid wear her white, as out 

To town she do teake her road 
By day ; but at dusk noo mwore's about 

Abroad, in white in the night. 

Vor though at the brook the bridge is strong, 

An' white as he white can be 
That vo'k in the dark mid not goo wrong, 

But zee his white in the night. 

An' moonlight is ev'rywhere a-shed 

Abroad, upon geate an' wall ; 
An' down on the road that veet do tread 

Do vail so white in the night 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 241 

Yet Jenny at dusk is fearful now, 
Since once, in the mead alwone, 

She took vor a ghost a sheeted cow, 
A-shown in white in the night 

O, Jenny ! the while the moon do gleam, 
I wish you could come an' roam 

Wi' me, to behold the vallen stream 
In foam, so white in the night. 

Vor feairer than all the hues o' day, 

Or grass, or the sky o' blue, 
Or blossoms o' spring, a-sheenen gay 

Be you in white in the night. 

Diary, Nov. 1, 1867. Scrivendo versi, " White in the Night." 



21. THE FALL. 

The length p' days agean do shrink, 
An' flowers be thin in mead, among 
The eegrass, a-sheenen bright, along 

Brook upon brook, an' brink by brink. 

Noo starlens do rise in vlock on wing 

Noo goocoo in nest-green leaves do sound 
Noo swallows be now a-wheelen round 

Dip after dip, an' swing by swing. 

The wheat that did leately rustle thick, 
Is now up in mows that still be new ; 
An, yollow bevore the sky o' blue, 
Tip after tip, an' rick by rick. 

While shooters do rove beside the knoll 
Where leaves be a-roll'd on quivren grass ; 
Or down where the sky-blue stream do pass, 

Vail after vail, an' shoal by shoal. 



242 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

Their brown-dappled dogs do briskly trot 

By russet-brown boughs, while gun smoke grey 
Do melt in the air o' zunny day, 

Reef after reef, at shot by shot. 

While now I can walk a dusty mile, 

I'll teake me a day, while days be clear, 
To vind a vew friends that still be dear, 

Feace after feace, an' smile by smile. 



22. ON THE HILL. 

(HUSBAND AND WIFE.) 

H. Why, 'tis nice on the hill, at the time o' the year 
When the zummer is in, an' the weather is clear ; 
When the flow'rs at our veet be a-blossomen gay, 
An' the vields down below us be grey wi' the hay. 
Hallo ! Why 'tis steep. You do pank. Will ye stop ? 

An' look down aroun, 

A-zot on the ground, 

Where thyme is a-spread 

In a bed, on the mound ? 

Look a-yonder, how glitt'ren do sway the tree tops, 
A-glowen wi' zunlight a-shot down the copse, 
Where the greygles, in May, be a sheet o' peale blue. 
In sheade vrom the het, vrom the wind in the lew, 
You'll be cwold in the shoulders, then put on your shawl. 
W. There the Trumans do float 

Down their stream in their bwoat, 

An' Willy do snatch, 

An' do catch at a clote. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 243 

H. Out there be the hawthorns, but just out o' blooth, 

Zome here, an' zome there, wi' mwore shadow than lewth. 
The wold ones, like fathers, now ready to vail ; 
Zome younger, like children, vrom bigger to small, 
An' zome be so prim as a man in his prime ; 

An' zome wi' their shroud 

To eastward a-bow'd, 

By west winds a-zetten 

So wet, wi' their cloud. 

W. Well now, here we be, on the uppermost ground, 

Where the thyme-bedded knaps be a-zwellen so round. 
But what pleace is this, where the banks do lie low, 
An' the big mossy vlints be a-laid in a row ? 
H. Why 'twer here, by the teale that poor father did tell, 
That a beacon did stand, 
Vor to light wi' a brand, 
To call men to blows, 
If their foes were to land. 

There's a cloud over Blackmwore, about of our height, 
Wi' his sheadow a-weepen the ground in his flight, 
An' a-climen the tow'r, an' a-sheaden the boughs, 
An' a-leapen the stream, an' a-dark'nen the cows. 
'Tis now on the rook'ry, an' now on the ricks, 

An' there it do catch 

Up our own little hatch, 

An' sheade vrom the zun 

The red tun on our thatch. 

W. There's a man on a hoss, an' a-spurren o'n on. 
Is zomebody ill then ? or where's he a-gone ? 
There's a maid by the gil'cups out there, an' t'is, who ? 
Jeane Hine, I do know, by her skirt o' peale blue ; 
An' now she's a-slippen along by the slope, 

An' now do look round, 

In a fright, at the sound 

O' the bull that's a-blearen 

An' tearn the ground. 



244 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

23. THE STREAM-SIDE. 

I zot a little while bezide 

A grey-stwon'd rock the rugged brow 
Ov our clear stream, that there do glide 

By leanen trees an' hangen bough 
In Fall, when open air wer cool, 
An' zwallows had a-left the pool, 
An' gleades in long-cast sheades did lie 
Below the yet clear sky. 

There leaves, that in the spring wer gay, 
Wer now by heasty winds a-took, 

A-wither'd, off their sheaken spray, 
An' bore away along the brook, 

Without a day o' rest a-vound 

Upon their own trees' quiet ground ; 

But cast away, by blast an' weave, 

To lie in zome chance greave. 

When zickness smote poor Meary low, 

They took her vrom her life's wold ground 

To poorhouse, where sad days could show 
Her bread, but not her friends all round. 

She veil, though not to lie at rest, 

At thease wold pleace she liked the best, 

A-zent away, as went on weaves 

The leaves to distant greaves. 

24. THE PRIZE WINNERS. 

SPEAKERS The Teller (T.} of the Cleveburn winners in games at 
another village. The Teller's Chorus (T.C.} of two or three 
young men come home with him. The Full Chorus (F.C.} of 
village hearers. 

T. Wold Cleeveburn vor ever ! Goo, ringers, an' turn 
The brown tower-door on his greystwonen durn, 
An' teake, every man, in his up-hangen hands, 
The rwopes' twisted strands. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 245 

F. C. What now, then ? what now ? 

T. An' ring up a peal, vor you ought to be proud 

O' your brothers an' sons. Cheer 'em merry an' loud, 
Vor the chaps o' wold Cleeveburn do bring from the feast 
Dree prizes at least. 

T.C. Now guess who they be. 

'Tis spry-vooted Jim, an' 'tis broad-shoulder'd Joe, 
An' young Will that do jump like a wing-lifted crow 
By the tall ashen tree. 

F.C. Here's a clap vor each chap, then ; hurrah ! 

T. There Jim, wi' vive others, a-starten, did bound 

Vrom the line, on the grass, like a heare-hunten hound, 
Wi' out-reachen breast, an' wi' looks that noo feace 
Could draw vrom the reace. 

F.C. Well done ! Jim, well done ! 

T. An' they shot droo the tree-sheades, like birds on the wing, 
An' could hear but one gush o' the rock-leapen spring, 
An' a rook they outstripp'd wi' their flight on the ground 
Turn'd hopeless around. 

T.C. An' spry-vooted Jim 

Come in all a-panken, wi' red-bloomen feace, 
The vust by a nose ? by a head ? aye a peace. 
The sleekest o' limb. 

F.C. Here's a cheer he should hear, then ; hurrah ! 

T. Then on come the spry-vooted jumpers, to bound, 
Vor height in the air, an' vor length on the ground, 
An' a-spingen, wi' lags to their thighs all a-clitch'd, 
An' a-dropp'd as they pitch'd ; 

F.C. Well done ! then, well done ! 



246 POEMS IX THE DORSET DIALECT. 

T. They did mark a long air-track, a-pitchen so light 
As a rook in a vield, vrom a vew yards of flight, 
Though zome did pitch backward, an' zome pitch a-head, 
An' zome wi' trim tread. 

T.C. But in jumpen, young Bill 

Outstripp'd all the crew ; an' his heel smother'd low 
The head ov a flower, that had noo other blow 
At the feast by the hill. 

F.C. Good strokes! Merry vo'ks, then, hurrah ! 

T. Then on come the bwoats up the river's broad feace, 
A-ploughen up vurrows of foam in their rea'ce, 
While the men did vail back, an' their two oars did turn, 
A-zweepen a-stern. 

F.C. Well done ! chaps, well done ! 

T. Or else, as the down-leanen rowers did bow, 
Their oars did vlee on vor new water to plough, 
As they floated by withy, or ivy-hung rock, 
Or by herd, or by vlock ; 

T.C. But broad-shoulder'd Joe, 

Wi' the zweat on his brow, an' an oar in each vist, 
Rushed in wi' the vust o' the crews on the list 
That did row. 

F.C. Well done ! ev'ry son ! then ; hurrah ! 

T. Zoo let Will leap the brook, where noo bridge is a-pleaced, 
An' not stay to climb over bars, in his heaste, 
But over 'em pitch, on his spry-springen tooes, 
In his trim highlow-shoes. 

F.C. Well done ! Will, well done ! 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 247 

T. An' Jim run the vields in our zight, a good match 
Vor a heare in vull run, or a hoss o' vull stratch ; 
An' Joe row his bwoat up the stream, wi' a wa'ight 
O' the maidens vor frai'ght. 

T.C. A'ye ! Jump, run, an' row. 

Vor who among us is a-sheam'd to belong 

To Cleeveburn, wi' chaps that be spry, an' be strong, 

As Bill, Jim, an' Joe. 

F.C. 'Tis a-done. They've a-won, then ; hurrah ! 



25. THE LITTLE HWOMSTEAD. 

Where the zun did glow warm vrom his height, 
On the vo'k, at their work, in white sleeves ; 
An' the goold-banded bee wer in flight, 
Wi' the birds that did flit by the leaves, 
There my two little children did run, 
An' did rile, and did roll, in their fun ; 
An' did clips, in their hands 

Stick or stwone vor their play ; 
In their hands, that had little a-grown ; 
Vor their play, wi' a stick or a stwone. 

As the zun down his high zummer bow 
To the west o' the orcha'd did vail, 
He did leave the brown bee-hives, in row, 
In the sheade o' the houses gray wall ; 
An' the flowers, a-sheenen in bloom, 
Zome a-lighted, an' zome in the gloom, 
To the cool o' the air, 

An' the damp o' the dew : 
O' the air, vrom the apple-tree sheades, 
An' the dew, on the grasses' green bleades. 



248 POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

An' there were my orcha'd a-tined 
Wi' a hedge on the steep-zided bank, 
Where the ivy did twine roun' the rind 
O' the wood-stems, an' trees in high rank ; 
Vor to keep out the wide-lipped cow ; 
An' the stiff-snowted pigs, that would plough 
Up the nesh-bleaded grass, 
By the young apple-trees : 
The grass a-grown up to good height, 
By the trees, that wi' blooth wer all white. 

O when is a father's good time, 
That do pay vor his tweil wi' mwost jay ? 
Is it when he's a-spenden his prime 
Vor his children, still young in their play, 
Or when they've a-grown to their height, 
An' a-gone vrom his hea'ren an' zight, 
Wi' their mother's woone voice 

A-left hwome at the door : 
A voice that noo longer do zing, 
At the door that mwore seldom do swing ? 



26. THE MOTHER'S DREAM. 

I'd a dream to-night 

As I veil asleep 
Oh ! the touchen zight 

Still do meake me weep, 
Ov my little bwoy 
That's a-took away ; 
Aye, about my joy 

I wer not to keep. 



POEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 249 

As in heaven high 

I my child did seek, 
There, in trai'n, come by 

Children feair an' meek ; 
Each in lilyvvhite, 
Wi' a lamp alight 
Each wer clear to zight, 

But noo words did speak. 

Then a-looken sad 

Come my child in turn ; 
But the lamp he had 

Oh ! he didden burn ; 
He, to clear my doubt, 
Zaid, a-turn'd about, 
Your tears put en out ; 

Mother, never rnurn. 

27. THE GEATE A-VALLEN TO. 

In the sunsheen of our summers 

Wi' the hay time now a -come, 
How busy wer we out a-vield 

Wi' vew a-left at hwome, 
When waggons rumbled out ov yard 

Red wheeled, wi' body blue, 
And back behind 'em loudly slamm'd 

The geate a-vallen to. 

Drough day sheen for how many years * 

The geate ha' now a-swung, 
Behind the veet o' vull-grown men 

And vootsteps of the young 
Drough years o' days it swung to us 

Behind each little shoe, 
As we tripped lightly on avore 

The geate a-vallen to. 



fOEMS IN THE DORSET DIALECT. 

In evenen time o 1 starry night 

How mother zot at hwome 
And kept her blazing vire bright 

Till father should ha' come, 
And how she quickened up and smiled, 

And stirred her vire anew, 
To hear the trampen hosses' steps 

And geate a-vallen to. 

There's moonsheen now in nights o' Fall 

When leaves be brown vrom green, 
When to the slammen of the geate 

Our Jenney's ears be keen, 
When the wold dog do wag his tail, 

And Jean could tell to who, 
As he do come in drough the geate 

The geate a-vallen to. 

And oft do come a saddened hour 

When there must goo away, 
One well-beloved to our heart's core. 

Vor long, perhaps vor aye, 
And oh ! it is a touchen thing 

The loven heart must rue 
To hear behind his last farewell 

The geate a-vallen to. 



on 



of 



an6 




By W. BOWLES BARRETT. 

(Read 14th September, 1905. ) 




being limited, I will proceed at once with my 
subject, " Notes on the Flora of the Chesil Bank 
and the Fleet," simply premising that few parts of 
the Dorset coast-line have suffered so little change 
as the shores and banks of the Fleet. Is not this 
mainly due to the extraordinary protection afforded 
by the Chesil Bank, the absence of any strong 
tides and of all river flow, and the paucity of the 
neighbouring population ? The result is that the 
indigenous vegetation and all else are seen in their primitive 
state, just as our Anglo-Saxon forefathers looked on them, when, 
in their flat-bottomed boats, they rowed across to the Chesil 
Bank from the little harbours on the inner shore, still called by 
the Saxon name of " hythes." In fact, nothing of Nature's 
work has been disturbed or altered by lapse of time. 

The Chesil Bank, north-west of Smallmouth, is rather difficult 
of access. No other botanist than myself has ever undertaken 
the somewhat arduous task of examining the Bank, as well as 



252 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

both shores of the Fleet, from Smallmouth to Abbotsbury ; 
considerable parts of these I have gone over more than once. I 
hope, therefore, that my notes on this unfrequented coast may 
be of some little interest. Time forbids that my remarks should 
extend to the southern part of the Chesil Bank lying between 
Portland and Smallmouth. 

I should just like to say in passing, that if any lady or 
gentleman present should wish to combine scientific observa- 
tion with really active exercise, all that could be desired in that 
direction may be found by attacking the beach at Smallmouth 
on a warm summer day and walking on the loose pebbles, from 
thence to Abbotsbury a distance of about nine miles, or, 
allowing for backslidings, say thirteen miles. 

The Chesil Bank and Portland form the extreme south- 
western part of the West Channel sub-province, as defined by 
the late Mr. Watson in his Cybele Britannica. We have scarcely 
entered the Fleet at Smallmouth before we find, on a warm bank 
facing towards the south-west, a galaxy of scarce plants of 
southern and western distribution ; the following leguminosae 
all grow there together, viz. : The Yellow vetch ( Vicia lutea, 
L.), the Bithynian vetch ( V. bithynica, L., var. angustifolia, 
Syme), the Yellow vetchling (Lathyrus Aphaca, L ), and the 
Grass-leaved vetchling (L. Nissolia, L.). On the mud below 
the bank just mentioned is the Creeping Marsh Samphire 
(Salicornia radicans, Sm.), only recorded from twelve out of 
Watson's 112 counties and vice-counties. Not far off is another 
plant of southern distribution, Festuca uniglumis, Soland, the 
scarcest grass, I think, of the Chesil Bank. 

The Callous Fruited Water-Dropwort ((Enanthe pimpinelloides, 
L.), so frequent in this neighbourhood, but rare in many 
counties, has a local interest which we should not forget. 
About sixty years ago the Rev. W. Garnons detected this plant 
on the moor at Smallmouth on which the Torpedo Works now 
stand. He submitted it to the late Mr. Babington, Professor of 
Botany at Cambridge, and this led to (Enanthe pimpinelloides, as 
now understood, being firmly admitted to the British flora as a 



FLORA OP THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 253 

distinct species ; it had previously been confused with (E. 
Lachenalii, C. Gmel. a very different plant. It is implied in 
the Flora of Dorsetshire, Ed. II., 133, that (E. pimpinelloides 
shuns the neighbourhood of the sea, but this is by no means the 
case ; it is plentiful on the coasts of Dorset and Hants, and less 
so on that of South-east Devon. 

On reaching the Bank, we are at once struck by the profusion 
of the Sea Bladder Campion (Silene maritime, With.), but the 
plant seems not quite typical. 6". maritima is described in the 
text books as having the petals " shortly cleft" ; in our plants 
they are cleft nearly or quite to the base of the laminae. 

The vegetation of the inner shore of the Fleet differs much 
from that of the outer or Chesil Bank shore ; the soil of the 
outer shore is pebbly, with but a small admixture of sand, while 
that of the inner shore is stony and gravelly, consisting of the 
debris from the adjoining land banks. Consequently, in both 
cases we miss a large proportion of sand-loving plants. 

As might be expected, the Goosefoot Tribe (Chenopodiaceoi] is 
the best represented. Every British genus is present, including no 
less than 14 species. One of the most interesting of these is the 
Shrubby Sea-Blite (Suceda fruiicosa, Forsk.). It forms a hedge of 
dense bushes a few yards above high-water mark, and is quite 
a feature on the Chesil Bank from Smallmouth to Abbotsbury. 
It somewhat resembles the Juniper at a little distance, and is 
decidedly ornamental. The wood is very hard ; the young 
branches are reddish, the seeds black and exquisitely polished. 
It is evergreen, bearing well the exposure of this stormy coast. 
It has a real historic interest, too, for it was discovered here- 
abouts by that eminent physician and author of Norwich, Sir 
Thomas Browne, the tercentenary of whose birth we are about 
to commemorate. This was, in all probability, about the year 
1630, on Sir Thomas' way to or from France, when, as a young 
man, he was studying medicine on the Continent. To have had 
amongst the recorders of our flora the author of that classic 
volume, " Religio Medici," translated within a very short time 
of its publication into nearly half the languages of Europe a 



4$4 FLORA OF THE (JHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

man considered by Lowell to be possessed of the most imagina- 
tive mind since Shakespeare cannot fail to be gratifying to 
Dorset naturalists. 5". Jruticosa sometimes attains a great age ; 
I have found by the Fleet some very old root stocks, measuring 
five inches in circumference. The conditions of the inner shore 
appear to be unfavourable to its growth ; there it seems to be 
dying out. It is one of our rarities, being recorded from seven 
British counties and vice-counties only. Like some other Fleet 
plants which I shall mention, it reaches its extreme western limit 
in Britain at the Abbotsbury Swannery. 

That common plant of our cornfields, which you all know, the 
Corn Sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis, L.), shows a strange partiality 
for the immediate vicinity of salt or brackish water. From July 
to September it forms a golden fringe on parts of the Chesil 
Bank just above a line formed by masses of Zoslera left by the 
tide. Zostera marina, L., var. angust if olia, Fr., covers much of 
the bed of the Fleet, affording food for the swans ; it is locally 
called Silkgrass. 

The Yellow Horned Poppy (Glaucium luteum, Scop.), is not so 
common here as might have been expected ; it is locally called 
"Squat-maw" or "Bruise-herb," the leaves being reputed to 
have the effect of curing bruises. 

The rare and lovely Sea Pea (Lalhyrus mariiimus, Bigel), 
grows abundantly among the naked pebbles of the Bank, at 
intervals from opposite the Portland Ferry Bridge to East 
Bexington, (a little north-west of the Abbotsbury Swannery), 
which is, I believe, its present western limit in Britain. 
There has been no record for Devon for upwards of 50 years, 
and none for Cornwall for nearly 200 years. Mounting some- 
times to nearly the highest ridges of the Bank, its roots extend 
very many feet down through the absolutely loose shingle. A 
peculiarity of the plant is that, in the evening, like some others 
of the leguminosae, its leaflets point upwards. It flowers until 
the end of August. During a famine in the i6th century the 
poor on part of the Suffolk coast were kept alive by eating the 
seeds of the Sea Pea, and I see no reason to doubt that, in times 



FLORA OF THE CHESlL BANK ANt) THE FLEET. 255 

of great scarcity, the very poor in the villages bordering the 
Fleet also had recourse to the Chesil Bank pea. 

Buda media, Dum. (better known as Lepigonum marginalum, 
Koch), is common on both shores, but is not typical. Syme 
(2 Eng. Bot., 132), says: "Whole plant glabrous." All our 
plants, however, have a noticeable feature in being decidedly 
glandular-hairy in the upper parts. Briggs (Flo. of Plymouth, 
55), mentions a similar form near Plymouth, and Townsend 
(Flo. of Hampshire, 61), records the like as to the Isle of 
Wight ; see also specimens in Herb., Nat. His. Mus. Probably, 
then, this is the usual form in the south and west of Britain. 

Nasturtium offictnalis, var. siifolium, Reichb, was found by Mr. 
Mansel-Pleydell and myself some years ago growing plentifully 
in a reed-bed near Fleet House, close to the inner shore of the 
Fleet ; it is, in fact, a gigantic Water Cress, upwards of four feet 
in height. This variety has but two other records in Dorset, 
and boih those near the centre of the county. 

Limonium occidentale, O. Kuntze, occurs at intervals on muddy 
spots near the base of the Chesil Bank, but is rare. Its natural 
home is' on rocky cliffs ; it is identical with the Limonium of 
the Portland and Lulworth cliffs. Can it be that the seeds are 
brought from thence by the tide ? 

An instance of a rare maritime plant appearing here as a 
casual, is afforded by Raphanus maritimus, Sm. ; it was observed 
many years ago and has twice since been seen near the Chesil 
Bank. Although probably a biennial, it was always wanting the 
following year. I think the seeds may have been washed from 
the Isle of Wight, where on some of the cliffs it is frequent. 

We might have expected to find Cochlearia angltca, L. ; it is, 
indeed, recorded in Dr. Pulteney's " Catalogue of Some of the 
More Rare Plants of Dorsetshire," published in lygg, as being 
common at Weymouth, but C. danica, L., was evidently mistaken 
for it. The like remark applies to C. offia'nalis, L., recorded in 
Flo. Dor., Ed. 2, for Portland ; both are absent from this district. 

The Juniper (Juniperus communis, L.), was found by Mr. 
Mansel-Pleydell and myself in some plenty on Langton Herring 



256 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

Common, close to the Fleet. It is very fine in one of Mrs. 
Sparks' plantations near, where it attains four or five feet in 
height ; elsewhere in South Dorset it occurs only, I believe, on 
Puncknowle Common. 

The flowers of that rare and beautiful plant, the Marsh 
Mallow (Althaea officinalis, L.), adorn, from July to September, 
the inner shore of the Fleet between Langton Herring and the 
Abbotsbury Swannery. It grows just above high-water mark 
and well maintains itself. Fortunately for science, the rustics of 
the villages bordering on the Fleet are ignorant, I believe, of its 
valuable demulcent and emollient properties. The country 
people sometimes gather the Common Mallow (Malva sylvesiris, 
L.), for medicinal purposes, mistaking it for the Marsh Mallow. 
Doubtless, however, the monks of Abbotsbury were acquainted 
with its virtues, which were known to the ancients, and are 
mentioned by Pliny and Dioscorides. The Swannery is believed 
to be the furthest western station for the Marsh Mallow, as a 
native, on the south coast of England ; it is probably extinct in 
Devon, for, although recorded from Totnes upwards of 50 years 
ago, there has been no confirmation since. It formerlv grew in 

O ' O 

Cornwall, but is now extinct there also. A. officinalis is a good 
example of how our rarer plants become scarcer and scarcer, and 
perhaps ultimately extinct ; it suggests the care which should be 
taken to preserve them. Dr. Pulteney, writing some time 
between 1765 and 1799 of A. officinalis, in his Catalogue, Ed. 2, 
88, says that it was then to be found " on the seashore in several 
parts of Purbeck, in Poole Harbour, north coast, and, as I have 
been informed, about Portland and by the Fleets of Chesil 
Bank." Unfortunately, it is now, doubtless, extinct at all these 
stations, except " by the Fleets of Chesil Bank." 

We must not forget to notice two scarce Spurges, the Sea 
Spurge and the Portland Spurge (Euphorbia Paralias, L., and E. 
porilandica, L.), which spring up among the loose pebbles, here 
and there, in some plenty. The Portland Spurge shuns the east 
coast, and is of decided western type, following the west coast of 
France, Spain, and Portugal. It is especially interesting to South 



FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 257 

Dorset men, having been discovered in Portland in 1711 by the 
Rev. M. Stonestreet, and introduced into the British Flora by 
Dillenius, in the third edition of Ray's Synopsis, published in 
1724. 

A curious dwarf closely-matted nearly prostrate form of 
Geranium Robertianum, L., is abundant amongst the loose 
shingle. In its narrow petals and finely-divided leaf-segments 
it approaches G. modes/urn, Jord. Indeed, it is strange that 
neither the latter variety nor G. purpureum, (auct. ang.) has been 
recorded from this beach, both being south of England shingle 
plants. 

Some years since, after a severe autumnal gale, I was fortunate 
in finding, thrown up on the shore near Langton Herring, Chara 
alopecuroides, Del (Lamprothamnus alopecuroides, Braun), which 
previously had been reported only from Newtown, Isle of Wight, 
where it is believed to be now extinct. Subsequent dredging 
showed it to be plentiful in the Fleet between Langton Herring 
and Abbotsbury. The plant is dark green, four to eight inches 
high, free from the calcareous incrustation so frequent in the 
Characeae ; it is the only British monoecious Chara having the 
stem composed of a single tube. It belongs to a group of 
cryptogamic plants which, owing to its remarkable structure, is 
of great value in the study of general biology. Into this we 
cannot now enter, merely pointing out that the so-called roots 
which fix the plant in the mud of the Fleet, and which broke 
away in that autumnal gale, are simply unicellular hairs ; 
lengthenings, in fact, produced from the superficial cells of 
buried nodes. A paper, by Mr. Mansel-Pleydell, with plate, 
appeared, after the finding of the plant, in this Club's " Proceed- 
ings" for 1892. It is the greatest botanical treasure of the 
district ; there is now but one other known station for it in 
Britain. 

But the fact to which I wish to draw your special attention is 
this, that at or near the Abbotsbury Swannery terminates the 
western range, in some cases in the south of England, in others 
in all Britain, of no less than four maritime plants (protected in 



258 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

the Fleet by extraordinarily favourable local conditions), viz., 
the Shrubby Sea-Blite, the Sea Pea, the Marsh Mallow, and 
Chara alopecur aides. 

May I conclude by saying that delightful experiences lie along 
the path of the field-botanist in tracing plant distribution and 
history ; and, when he turns over the herbarium sheets, pictures 
of bygone rambles rise in the memory, awakening and recalling 
many happy hours, while they stimulate to new effort and 
research. 

I append a list of the more interesting plants observed within 
the area we have been considering, distinguishing those found 
on the Chesil Bank, the inner shore, and the cliffs of the Fleet, 
respectively : 

[Plants marked O found on the Chesil Bank or outer 

shore of the Fleet. 
,, I ,, the inner shore of the 

Fleet. 

,, B ,, the Banks bordering the 

inner shore of the 
Fleet] 

Ranunculus Bandotii, Godr. I. The Fleet Abbotsbury ; 
Flo. Dor., Ed. 2. 

R. sceleratus, L. I. Tidmoor Point Chickerell, to Cloud's 
Hill Abbotsbury, sparingly. 

Glaucium flavum, Crantz. O. Opposite Wyke Regis. 

Nasturtium officinale, R. Br., var. siifolium, Reichb. B. 
Reed-bed south of Fleet House. Vide ante, p. 255. 

Cochlearia danica, L. O. Abundant. I. Less frequent. 

Brassica Sinapioides, Roth. B. Frequent. 

Lepidium campestre, R. Br. B. East Fleet. 

[Crambe maritima, L. O. Pulteney, "On it" (i.e., Chesil 
Bank), " grows much Eryngo and, formerly, much Sea or Beach 
Cale, which latter is now almost all destroyed ; " 2 Hut. His. 
Dor., Ed. 2, 364, published 1803. Extinct.] 



FLORA OF THE CHESIL RANK AND THE FLEET. 259 

Cakile maritima, Scop. O. Not common. 

Raphanus maritimus, Sm. O. Vide ante, p. 255. 

Polygala oxyptera, Reichb. B. Foxholes Wyke Regis. 
Rough ground near Langton Herring Coastguard Station ; 
Mansel-Pleydell. 

Silene maritima, With. O. Abundant, sometimes growing 
almost to the top of the pebbly bank. I. Langton Herring 
Marsh, at N.W. end of the parish, sparingly. 

Arenaria peploides, L. O. Opposite Fleet Coastguard Station, 
scarce. 

Sagina maritima, Don, O. East Fleet to Cloud's Hill. I. 
Herbyleigh to Langton Herring Marsh. 

S. nodosa, Fenzl. O. Opposite Fleet Coastguard Station, 
(glabrous form). 

Buda marina, Dum., var. neglecta, Kindb. O. I. Frequent. 

B. media, Dum. (Lepigonum marginatum, Koch). O. Abun- 
dant. I. Frequent between Wyke Regis and Langton Herring. 
Vide ante, p. 255. 

Tamarix gallica, L. O. Naturalised opposite Fleet House. 

Althaea officinalis, L. I. About Tidmore Point. Abundant 
S.W. of Langton Herring Coastguard Station and by the bay 
to N.W. ; thence less frequent to Swannery Abbotsbury. O. 
Absent. Vide ante, p. 256. 

[Lavatera arborea, L. O. " This plant is recorded by Ray in 
Bishop Gibson's edition of Camden," (1724), "as a native of 
Portland and of Chesil Bank, where it still continues to be 
found, and from thence has been introduced into the gardens 
of the villages of the Island and the neighbourhood." Pulteney, 
A.D. 1799. Extinct.] 

Linum angustifolium, Huds. B. Smallmouth to Langton 
Herring. 

Geranium Robertianum, L. O. Vide ante, p. 257. Recorded 
in error in Flo. Dor., Ed. i, as var. purpureum, auct. angl. 

Erodium maritimum, L'Herit. O. Chesil Bank opposite 
Fleet ; Flo. Dor., Ed. 2. 

Ulex Gallii, Planch. B. Near Fleet Coastguard Station. 



260 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

Medicago denticulata, Willd. B. Between Smallmouth and 
Foxholes Wyke Regis, frequent. 

Trifolium medium, L. O. Opposite Wyke Regis ; Flo. Dor., 
Ed. 2. 

T. squamosum, L. B. Frequent. 

T. arvense, L. O. Opposite Fleet. 

T. scabrum, L. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, frequent. 

T. hybridum, L. B. Near Foxholes. 

T. fragiferum, L. B. Frequent. 

Anthyllis Vulneraria, L. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
frequent. B. Wyke Regis. West Fleet. 

Lotus corniculatus, L., var. crassifolius, Pers. O. I. Frequent- 

Vicia gemella, Crantz. B. Smallmouth. 

V. lutea, L. B. Vide ante, p. 252. O. Absent. 

V. bithynica, L., var. angustifolia, Syme. B. Vide ante, p. 252. 
Foot of Red Lane Wyke Regis. 

Lathyrus Aphaca, L. B. Vide ante, p. 252. 

L. Nissolia, L. B. Vide ante, p. 252. 

L. maritimus, Bigel. O. Between opposite Portland Ferry 
Bridge and Wyke Regis village. Near West Fleet passage, 
abundant ; then almost disappears to near Abbotsbury, where it 
is again abundant. Vide ante, p. 254. 

Spiraea Filpendula, L. B. Tidmoor Point Chickerell. 

Rubus umbrosus, Arrh. B. Not common. 

R. rusticanus, Merc. B. Very common. 

R. leucostachys, Schleich. B. Frequent. 

R. diversifolius, Lindl. B. Frequent. 

R. corylifolius, Sm. B. Common. 

Poterium Sanguisorba, L. B. Common. 

Potentilla Fragariastrum, Ehrh. B. Foxholes, sparingly. 
Rare. 

Rosa spinosissima, L. B. Frequent ; abundant at Wall Down 
Abbotsbury. 

R. canina, L., var. dumalis, Bechst. B. Common. 

R. stylosa, var. systyla, Bast. B. Common. 

R. arvensis, Huds. B. Common. 



FLORA OF THE CHESIL RANK AND THE FLEET. 26 1 

Sedum acre, L. O. Frequent. 

Callitriche hamulata, Kuetz., type, and C. pedunculata, D. C. 
I. Langton Herring Marsh. 

Eryngium maritimum, L. O. Fairly frequent. 

Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L. I. Marshy spots Herbyleigh. 

Conium maculatum, L. O. Opposite Fleet. 

Apium graveolens, L. O. I. B. Wyke Regis to Abbotsbury, 
frequent. 

Crithmum maritimum, L. O. Abundant, in patches. I. 
Opposite Wyke Regis, sparingly. 

(Enanthe pimpinelloides, L. B. Common. Vide ante, 
p. 252. 

CE. Lachenalii, C. Gmel. I. B. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
very common. 

Rubia peregrina, L. B. Between Wyke Regis and Lynch. 

Aster Tripolium, L. O. I. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, fairly 
frequent. 

Matricaria inodora, L., var. salina, Bab. O. I. B. Very 
common. 

Tussilago Farfara, L. O. Where the clay of Chesil Bank is 
exposed. 

Senecio erucifolius, L. B. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
common. 

Carlina vulgaris, L. B. West Fleet to Abbotsbury, occa- 
sionally. 

Centaurea nigra, L., var. decipiens, Thuill. B. Abundant, to 
the almost entire exclusion of genuina. 

Cichorium Intybus, L. I. Red Lane Wyke Regis. 

Sonchus arvensis, L. O. Vide ante, p. 254. B. Frequent. 

Erica cinerea, L. B. Herbyleigh and near Langton Herring 
Coastguard Station (on Forest Marble). 

Limonium occidentale, O. Kuntze. O. Opposite Langton 
Herring Hythe ; Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 1905. Opposite 
Wyke Regis village, 1876, but soon disappeared. Rare. Vide 
ante, p. 255. 

Armeria maritima, Willd. O. I. Frequent. 



262 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

Glaux maritima, L. O. I. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
plentiful. 

Samolus Valerandi, L. I. B. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury. O. 
Less frequent. 

Erythraea Centaurium, Pers. O. Opposite East Fleet. B. 
Wyke Regis to Abbotsbury ; common. 

E. pulchella, Fr. I. B. West Fleet to Abbotsbury ; abundant 
at Wall Down. 

Cynoglossum officinale, L. B. Herbyleigh. 

Echium vulgare, L. I. Foxholes. 

Solanum Dulcamara, L., var. littorale, Raab. B. Smallmouth 
to Abbotsbury, common. 

Var. marinum, Bab., Chesil Bank ; Flor. Dor., Ed. 2. Not 
confirmed since. 

Hyoscyamus niger, L. O. Chesil Bank Abbotsbury; Flo. 
Dor., Ed. 2. 

Volvulus Soldanella, Jung. O. " Sandy places at the base of 
the Chesil Bank between Portland and Abbotsbuty ; " Flo. Dor., 
Ed. 2. Beach Abbotsbury ; Rev. F. W. Galpin. Between 
Smallmouth and Abbotsbury I have observed it only opposite 
Port Sanitary Hospital and Fleet. Apparently rather scarce. 

Veronica officicalis, L. B. Foxholes, sparingly. Rare in area. 

Calamintha Clinopodium, Spenn. B. Langton Herring to 
Cloud's Hill. 

Plantago maritima, L. O. I. B. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury. 

Chenopodium murale, L. I. Near Fleet House. 

C. rubrum, L. I. Smallmouth near Port Sanitary Hospital, 
1885, disappeared shortly afterwards; west side of Wall Down 
to Swannery Abbotsbury ; fine and plentiful. 

Beta maritima, L. O. I. B. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, very 
common. 

Atriplex littoralis, L. O. Near high-water mark, Smallmouth 
to Abbotsbury, not common. I. Less frequent, Foxholes to 
Abbotsbury. 

A. pat.ula, L., var. angustifolia, Sm. 0. I. B. Common. 

A. hastata, L. O. I. B. Common. 



FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 263 

A. deltoidea, Bab. B. Frequent. 

A. Babingtonii, Woods. O. Abundant just above high-water 
mark. I. B. Frequent. 

A. portulacoides, L. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, abundant. 
I. Rather scarce ; noted at Wyke Regis, Tidmoor Lane, Herby- 
leigh and Swannery Abbotsbury. 

Salicornia herbacea, L. O. I. Smallmouth to near Abbots- 
bury, at intervals. I. Herbyleigh, abundant. 
Var. procumbens, Moq. Infrequent. 

S. radicans, Sm. I. Near Port Sanitary Hospital. Vide ante, 
p. 252. 

Suaeda fruticosa, Forsk. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury ; 
abundant opposite Wyke Regis village and West Fleet. I. Very 
sparingly between Smallmouth and Herbyleigh. Vide ante, p. 253. 

S. maritima, Dum. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, common. 
I. Less frequent. 

Salsola Kali, L. O. Scarce. I. Rather scarce. 

Polygonum aviculare, var. littorale, Link. O. Chesil Bank 
Abbotsbury ; Flo. Dor., Ed. 2. 

Euphorbia Paralias, L. O. Between Smallmouth and Fleet ; 
locally abundant between opposite Port Sanitary Hospital and 
Wyke Regis village. I. Apparently absent. 

E. portlandica, L. O. Beach Abbotsbury ; Flo. Dor., Ed. 2. 
Level reaches of shingle between opposite Port Sanitary Hospital 
and Wyke Regis village, infrequent. Vide ante, p. 256. 

Juniperus communis, L. I. Vide ante, p. 255. 

Allium vineale, L., var. compactum, Thuill. B. Cloud's Hill. 

Juncus Gerardi, Loisel, O. I. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
common. 

Sparganium ramosum, Huds. I. Swannery Abbotsbury. 

Triglochin maritimum, L. O. Fleet to Langton Herring. I. 
Frequent ; Swannery Abbotsbury. 

Ruppia spiralis, Hartm. The Fleet towards Abbotsbury, 
abundant. I. Swannery Abbotsbury. 

Zannichellia palustris, L. O. 1. Ditches, Chesil Bank 
Abbotsbury ; Flo. Dor, Ed. 2. 



264 FLORA OF THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 

Z. pedunculata, Reichb. I. Swannery Abbotsbury ; E. M. 
Holmes. 

Zostera marina, L., var. angustifolia, Fr. The Fleet, abundant. 

Scirpus Tabernsemontani, Gmel. I. Langton Herring Marsh. 
Swannery Abbotsbury. 

S. maritimus, L. O. Not seen. I. Frequent, extending to 
Swannery Abbotsbury. 

[Cladium jamaicense, Crantz. I. Ditches by the Fleet; 
Pulteney. Extinct.] 

Carex divisa, Huds. I. Wyke Regis. Wall Down ; not 
common. 

C. arenaria, L. O. Common. 

C. vulpina, L. C. I. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, common. 

C. distans, L. I. Wyke Regis to Langton Herring, common ; 
then infrequent to Cloud's Hill ; then common to Swannery. 

C. extensa, Good. I. Smallmouth near Port Sanitary Hospital, 
rare. 

Agrostis palustris, Huds., var. stolonifera, L. O. I. Flo. Dor., 
Ed. 2. 

A. vulgaris, With., var, pumila, L. B. Wall Down. 

Gastridium australe, Beauv. B. Herbyleigh. Near Langton 
Herring Coastguard Station. Wall Down. 

Avena pratensis, L. B. Between Fleet House and Langton 
Herring. 

A. fatua, L. B. Between Wyke Regis and Chickerell ; Flo. 
Dor., Ed. 2. 

Koeleria cristata, Pers. B. West Fleet and Langton Herring, 
abundant. 

Glyceria maritima, Mert. & Koch. O. I. Frequent. 

Festuca procumbens, Kunth. O. I. Frequent. 

F. rigida, Kunth. O. I. B. Frequent. 

F. rottbcellioides, Kunth. O. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
common. B. West Fleet. 

F. uniglumis, Soland. O. Sandy ground near Smallmouth. 
Vide ante, p. 252. 

F. elatior, L. B. Common. 



FLORA OP THE CHESIL BANK AND THE FLEET. 265 

Bromus commutatus, Schrad. B. Cloud's Hill. 

Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv. B. Abundant. 

Agropyron repens, Beauv., var. barbatum, Duval-Jouve. B. 
Common. 

A. pungens, Roem. & Schult., var. littorale, Reichb. O. 
Opposite Wyke Regis; Flo. Dor., Ed. 2. B. Frequent. 

A. acutum, Roem. & Schult. B. Frequent. 

A. junceum, Beauv. O. Between Smallmouth and Fleet, 
scarce. 

Lepturus filiformis, Trin. O. I. Smallmouth to Abbotsbury, 
common. 

Equisetum maximum, Lam. I. Shore Cloud's Hill, remark- 
ably abundant. B. Frequent. 

Chara alopecuroides, Del. Vide ante, p. 257. 




"gleporf on rt 

of 5Sir6 
iirst glowering of 

IN DORSET DURING 1904. 



, &c., cm6 



By NELSON M. RICHARDSON, B,A. 




JTCHE names of those who have this year sent in returns 
are as follows ; they are denoted in the Report 
by initials : 

(N. M. R.) Nelson M. Richardson, Monte- 
video, near Weymouth. 
(E. R. B.) Eustace R. Bankes, Norden, 

Corfe Castle. 

(E. S. R.) E. S. Rodd, Chardstock House, Chard. 
(W. H. D.) Rev. W. Hughes D'Aeth, Buckhorn Weston 

Rectory, Wincanton. 
(J. R.) Rev. J. Ridley, Pulham Rectory. 

On looking at the map of Dorset, it will be seen that the 
above stations, though few in number, could hardly be better 
placed so as to cover the different parts of the county, and the 



FIRST APPEARANCES OF BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 267 

new district of Pulham will, no doubt, in the hands of a careful 
observer, yield many interesting notes. 
I have received the following 

NOTES ON RARE BIRDS IN 1904. 

RED-FOOTED FALCON (ORANGE-LEGGED HOBBY), (Falco vesper- 
linus, L.). A young male of this species, often misnamed the 
"Orange-legged Hobby," was shot at Keysworth Farm, near 
Wareham, by Mr. George L. Pain on May igth, 1904. It was 
identified by Rev. W. A. Newman, of Winterbourne Kingston, 
and recorded by him on page 8 of the Dorset County Chronicle of 
May 26th, 1904. Mr. Pain, whose sole object in shooting the 
bird was to protect his young chickens, informs me that a pair 
of Red-footed Falcons frequented Keysworth for some days 
before the one was shot, and that the other remained for a few 
days longer after the loss of its companion. This extremely 
rare summer visitor to Britain is not included in the late Mr. 
J. C. Mansel-Pleydell's " Birds of Dorsetshire," published in 
1888, and does not appear to have been ever previously observed 
in the county (E. R. B.). 

[It should be noted that the only English name used for this 
species in Morris' British Birds is the " Orange-legged Hobby" 
(Vol. L, p. 107, Ed. 1851) (N. M. R.).] 

PIED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa atricapilla], One was seen 
in the garden at Montevideo, Chickerell, on May 24th 
(N. M. R.). 

MOORHEN (Gallinula chloropus}. The following appeared in 
the Graphic of December loth, 1904 : " A perfectly white water 
hen has been killed at Stour, in Dorset. Albinism happens to 
almost all animals and birds, but is of extreme rarity in this 
species. The specimen has been secured for South Kensing- 
ton " (N. M. R.). 

LESSER SPOTTED WOODPECKER (Dendrocopus minor]. On 
July 2nd I watched one near Pulham Rectory. The tapping is 
frequently heard, though the bird is rather shy and hard to get 
sight of (J. R.). 



268 FIRST APPEARANCES OF BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 
GENERAL NOTES. 

Fox-CuBS out and running about in a cover on the Marsh- 
wood Estate in the Cotley country in February. This is an 
early record (E. S. R.). 

SQUIRREL EATING EGGS. On May i5th I watched a squirrel 
eating eggs from a chaffinch's nest quite close (J. R.). 

PIED WAGTAIL CUTTING OFF FLY'S WINGS. On July nth, 
1904, a Wagtail was collecting insects on my lawn and taking 
them to its young. Wishing to see its method of manipulation, 
I killed a bluebottle fly and placed it in a sitting attitude in a 
spot where the bird was likely to come. It returned to the lawn 
for more food, and soon saw the bluebottle at about a yard off, 
which it seized with a sudden rush. It then stopped at about 
six inches from the spot where the insect was placed and 
manipulated it in some way with its beak, but so quickly that I 
could not see exactly what it was doing. However, on going up 
after the bird had flown away to its nest, I found the two wings 
of the bluebottle neatly cut off at the base. I could find no 
trace of the legs, so that these were probably untouched. It 
seems as if this were the usual way in which not only birds, but 
also wasps, treat their prey when it consists of winged insects 
and when they have to carry them for any distance, as Mrs. 
Richardson has seen wasps thus engaged. It would be interest- 
ing to notice whether they always cut off the wings before eating 
insects when they are consumed on the spot. In bats it is, of 
course, a well-known habit, and one finds quantities of moths' 
wings (not any legs, however), in any place they frequent, such 
as the covered porch at the entrance of my house (N. M. R.;. 

SPARROWS DESTRUCTIVE TO WALLFLOWER BLOOM. In the 
spring my beds of wallflowers suffered greatly from the constant 
attacks of flocks of house-sparrows, which ripped up large 
numbers of unopened flower-beds and devoured their contents, 
together with parts of some of the petals themselves (E. R. B.). 

PLAGUE OF SNAILS. As 1903 will ever be memorable for the 
prodigious numbers of the common garden slug (Agriolomax 



FIRST APPEARANCES OP BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 269 

agrestis] that appeared in the Corfe Castle district and destroyed 
much garden produce, so 1904 will long be remembered for 
a no less remarkable plague of the common large snail 
(Helix aspersa) in the same neighbourhood. All kinds of 
snails seemed more plentiful than usual, but this species 
was in far greater abundance than I have ever previously 
seen it, though fortunately the damage caused by it was 
trifling. One met with it everywhere, and until they were 
collected and destroyed large numbers lived in the ivy grow- 
ing against the front of my house, and at first caused some 
excitement by the peculiarly weird musical sounds that were 
heard in the house at night, whenever the window panes 
happened to be wet on the outside, and some enterprising 
snails were enjoying a promenade thereon. The noise made 
by a " musical snail," though intermittent, somewhat resembles 
that made when the finger is very slowly moved round the 
moistened edge of a glass bowl (E. R. B.). 

PLAGUE OF GOOSEBERRY SAWFLY. Throughout the summer 
the gooseberry and currant bushes in the gardens round Corfe 
Castle were attacked by hosts of larvae of the Gooseberry 
Sawfly (Nematus grossularice], which, except where collected and 
destroyed, quickly devoured the whole crop of leaves on every 
bush, and thus caused the swelling fruit to shrivel up, instead of 
ripening. Fresh families of larvae, doubtless representing a 
succession of broods, were continually hatching out over a 
period of many weeks, during which eggs and larvae of all 
sizes were being frequently collected by hand by the thousand 
off my own gooseberry and currant bushes, for the former of 
which the Sawfly showed rather a preference. If a sharp watch 
is kept, especially on the lower parts of the bushes, for leaves 
that are assuming a skeletonized appearance, a large number of 
larvae and eggs can be destroyed with a single leaf, the semi- 
transparent whitish eggs being laid end to end in rows along 
the principal ribs on the underside of the leaf, which the newly- 
hatched larvae proceed to reduce to a skeleton before moving 
elsewhere and gradually distributing themselves over the bush. 



270 FIRST APPEARANCES OF BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 

This visitation was by far the worst of its kind that I have ever 
known, and the only satisfactory way of dealing with it seems to 
be to have the larvae collected by hand (E. R. B.). 

SCARCITY OF LEPIDOPTERA. The beautiful summer of 1904 
proved sadly disappointing to the Lepidopterist, for, although 
the weather was, on the whole, quite ideal for collecting 
purposes, both Macro and Micro-lepidoptera were in general 
lamentably scarce, numbers of the better class species being 
either not met with at all or only very sparingly. This was by 
no means surprising, seeing that the previous year was one of the 
very worst ever known and that a few seasons must necessarily 
elapse before insects, reduced almost to the vanishing point, can 
recover their average numbers. Exceptions were, of course, to 
be noticed, as is always the case even in the most unproductive 
years, and some few moths, in addition to a good many butter- 
flies, were decidedly more plentiful than usual. The most 
notable feature was, perhaps, the sudden appearance in East 
Dorset, towards the end of May, of some numbers of the usually 
very rare Silver-striped Hawk-moth (Phryxus livornica, Esp.), of 
which a large flight obviously reached England from the 
Continent at that time. Several specimens were captured in 
the county, but various others that were seen eluded capture 
owing to their amazingly swift flight that takes place between 
sunset and sunrise. Through Dr. G. E. J. Crallan's kindness, 
our President and the writer each received four eggs laid by a 
female taken at Ferndown, near Wimborne, and from these the 
former reared one and the latter three lovely moths, which, so 
far as we are aware, are the only ones that have been bred from 
some numbers of eggs obtained from specimens caught in 
Britain in 1904. I was fortunate in finding in East Dorset two 
species of moths that have not previously been found in the 
county (one of them, viz., Eupithecia scabiosata, Bkh. (subumbrata, 
Gn.), has, however, been erroneously recorded therefrom more 
than once), and made several other most interesting captures 
and discoveries, which will be chronicled in due course 
(E. R. B.). 



FIRST APPEARANCES Of BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 271 

GORSE BLOOM EXCEPTIONALLY PLENTIFUL. In spite of the 
phenomenal abundance of gorse bloom in the spring of 1903, 
which one would have expected to have somewhat exhausted 
the bushes, and the fact that the abnormally cold and sunless 
summer that followed was anything but conducive to the 
ripening of the wood, gorse bloom was again unusually plentiful 
in Purbeck. The show of it, although far inferior to that of the 
previous year, when a large proportion of the bushes were 
smothered in blossoms crowded thickly and tightly together, 
was decidedly above the average, and very beautiful (E. R. B.). 

NOTES ON WEATHER. 

CHARD. A lovely summer and autumn. August 3rd was the 
hottest day, about 85 degrees in the shade. Corn harvest began 
at Chardstock on July ipth. The week October i6th to 2 2nd 
was warm, bright, and summer-like, and November 5th a remark- 
ably bright, warm day. At the end of November there "was a 
record frost of about 20 degrees at Chardstock for one or two 
nights. Ice bore on some of the ponds; the frost stopped 
hunting for a week. Then all through December fine, dry, and 
very mild weather, with dense fog for a week. A very good 
farmer's year all through for weather (E. S. R.). 

WIMBORNE. Note by Rev. J. Cross (Baillie House, Wim- 
borne). The late Mr. C. J. Parke, of Henbury House (died 
1893), tolcl me tnat ' from his ODServation and notes mad e in 
his diary for over 50 years, there was in nearly every year a 
period of wind and rain between the ist and loth of August. 

PULHAM. Thunder and lightning night of January i2th, with 
strong S.W. wind. Heavy thunder and lightning, W.S.W., 
March 2Qth, about 2 p.m., with heavy hail, after fine morning. 
Lightning evening of April i2th, after very fine day, W.S.W. 
Heavy lightning night of July nth, N.E., after several very hot 
days. Heavy lightning in afternoon of July igth, heavy rain 
after. Little thunder and lightning in evening of July 25th, 
from N.E. to S.W. Heavy thunder and lightning in evening of 



272 FIRST APPEARANCES OF BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 

August 3rd, This, so far, the hottest day of year. Heavy 
thunder and lightning in morning of August 4th, very hot, 
S.W. Heavy thunder and lightning in evening of August 24th. 
On October yth an exceedingly heavy storm (N.W.) of wind and 
hail and little thunder ; it came quite suddenly ; hail swept on 
like a wall. On September i4th some of heaviest showers I ever 
saw, S. to W. (J. R.). 

ADDITIONS TO REPORT FOR 1903 (See "Proc.," Vol. XXV., 
p. 275, &c.). 

Rev. J. Ridley has sent in several notes for 1903, amongst 
which are the following : 

SQUIRREL EATING EGGS. I had been for some time observ- 
ing a chaffinch's nest in larch over a garden path, and on 
May isth, 1903, I found a squirrel sitting by the nest enjoying 
a breakfast of eggs (J. R.). 

GOLDCRESTS (Regulus cristatus}. Young Goldcrests left their 
nest in Pulham Rectory garden on June 6th, 1903 (J. R.). 

CUCKOO IN ROBIN'S NEST. I photographed a young Cuckoo 
in a Robin's nest June loth, 1903 (J. R.). 

RATS ATTACKING RABBITS (" Proc." XXV., p. 278). I 
regret that I accidentally omitted to state that this interesting 
note was contributed by Mr. Eustace R. Bankes (N. M. R.). 

The Tables of first appearances, &c., are appended : 



FIRST APPEARANCES OF BIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 273 



H 
M 
c/j 

* 

O 

n 



w 








fee 






5a? 


. g 


r ~* r " t CM i-H Ol 


!-' 


PH jS 


CO f ^ T}I ^t 




<-> s 


P. CJ ^""^ eg p n* 




fi 


"J S S<?? 


s- S 






T J5 






S g-3 


s 




s| 


ft S -2 


cSliSS 3^3 S 2 3 co ** Mrt^^S?? ^ SSi NM 


3 >.s 


hPt S w 

| 

S 


*"ci,o!2* j*' j* ^ >>.*> ^-^^t^x^ > ^ ^- ^ jj >* 

JS e5 , u 5 ftJ5 * ^iS S M 3 3 > 5'3 > 2^ "2 i)? ri:5 ' :i ' 


*O si^ 

sc 'C ^; 


H 




= Kf4 






S ca >' 






i i 


K 


3S S S5S S 


D C fc- 

^ 


* g 




s & a 






2 .g- 1 
& 'S 

6t CJ 2 


B 


Sf 




tt ^ 


SSS'" ^ SSSSS SS S 2'rtS5 * g 2 


1 s? 


^ 


. . . . 


5 


H -S 


>y Q> ^ i>^ *-*< M. ^ v 1 ft i A 


1 1 -" 


y 




<B S P9^ 






i o ftiPn 






o ^. w . 






03 -* -i-s 


rf | 


tO X tO <* tO tO ** Oi -( 00 CO 1C t- * 00 1C O5 00 CO t* * CM 00 rH t^- * 




o 
^ S 


!.':-'....:>>>:.: x^ g g >. : :_>. f >>^^'e S :_>. . >^ .'.>.. 


c -" 


^ fci 


** |2 " ii ^ ^^^ I-S 1-5 HS .I-S I-S * <i 


* 1i 






^ 1 . 




s 




. 




a * ^ 


i 

o 


*" S3 .C **' .*'-'- ^w S S3 >> ^?^ > S *' ^J3 ^* X * i?^ " *' C ji * 


a-s 


ft 


S^SS^-sJoJ-^SliSSO^^S^^^S^fa^S?;^^ SS^2<S 


2 = 






l-al 




. 


a ^^ 
1 1 






1 w l 




J^ Jsjs iSS >jS 






>-Y-' '-. r- ' '-'-' ' ' ' ' 


S 5 






1 1 




V 


! .s fc 




a o 
o = 
. . . ,^ . . a) --- 


I ll 




' ' ' _ "s ' ' ' 73 ' 


1 5 s 




co *- *^ ^ -*^ S * 


K _ a 




srjs'o js s SlS 
osto'"^^ c .; ' ^* ' ' Si H c -u **" " 


s |j 




g F 3 - 2 i oj^)^3_2^^ S "s *2cSiS' u O c *s's M r^K _ 


l-j 




Illlll III 1 l 1 ill 1 s!sli!*!*lJiJ 


1 

j 



274 FIRST APPEARANCES OF RIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 



J. R. 

Pulham. 


M to M 5 en iJ >j 

^< oo m co o to * i^ M 

2 > 

O. ft P. ft D.'S j 
< ^i-s < <!>-5<O *= 


W. H. D. 

Buckhorn 
Weston. 


ss j 

r~ *n *< oi w 

1 rH rH 

fa : : . .:.:>> 

a. &. o< 
3 < < < S 


(3 -g 

03 J 

w o 


; S 

tn 2 tn 

=o . rt * ,<M . , rt 

rH . ~> ,IH ,r-l . . i-f 
>. >> ^. 

P. P. ft. 
H <. *r~ < < rt 


E. R. B. 

Corfe Castle. 


r? S3" 

S5 co OT M en 

r-l O . N SO . W . TH . 00 >H CO 00 

X >> >>>>>> 

Aft, 0. ft, P. 

^ s < < sss < 


N. M. R. 
Wey mouth. 


en kj 3 tn 2!. 
o o <Nt~r- t^ * * * 

rl rH i- (N 1-1 rH | 0) ^H1 

^>S : - : ' a. c '.'>'.' ' 

p. ftg'p,^ p, ft. SB. 
^ < <oj<!i-j < << <5<; 


Dorset. 


.'-'../. . / -^ -/ . /. . .. 
Q'E i^C <B 9 E M "> tc M * V> E M K t> E <9 ^| f-i "g 9 q 

1 - 1 0'~'O r -"~'G' H <N i-l I-H S r-l IN rtg 0-lrlggrH 
CJ.WflJ^ 1 0> O U O 

>.og .S<u . . ^ S ^ v >,.>,& v . 

B 1 c e. B o(i& da c i e.13 B .2 d * B B ft 

Sfe|<'? ; |<<;x<^o<^<:o ; |S< 1 )2 ! | ! |< 




!i!*7oii4!J>ii4!'Wij !"<!!! 




















o ' ' -2 

szitf'i^ ii fe i sin^ 

S3 .5 I ifc I I * : S 1^3 :.^ 8 g 8 

filli ill Hi I 

EfeM ^ ^^ w ^BH o 02 o:xH^O? 



ill 



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>. J7ogs 

^ Ss > 

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- ^* ~^ 

(K " ** 






.la 



FIRST APPEARANCES OF RIRDS, INSECTS, ETC. 275 



* 

o 



H 
W 
si 
X 

O 

Q 



J. R. 
Pulham. 


2 * o 

& j= 

s. a, a 
En< < <: 


W. H. D. 

Buckhorn 
Weston. 


i 

: : : p. 

o <: 


w - 1 

CO 

w w 



: =| : : 

O2 


^ 


@ s 

Ci C-lOfHCOt "St'-MCO * * O 




rf ^ 

ri 1 


: >,: . >. . >>2 >. .gxsi . 

. : =s p. a a - es e.^ s 3 & 
a SS<!S<:Si-s<-< S 
8 


N. M. R. 
Weymouth. 


ss 

10 00 M <N 1 t- t^O 
r-lr-4 rH rH C3 W i 11 1 

>. . :>:>>>>. >ce : :>>>>' 
j a cs^^&^ = J2"5 

^ < ^ ft, <, rt 1-5 1-S ^!-S 


Dorset. 


?0 > ?0(N(Mi-IOTOS'Ot^'M'n ^Oto'g 
g rt g rt r-<NrH rH^^, ^ ~ g 

ffl >> S . >>_Q . >> . >> = 5? ^^ 

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INDEX TO VOL. XXVI. 



By E. W. YOUNG. 



Abbott, Dr. G., xxvii. 
Acland, Captain, xlvi. 
Arachnida, New and Rare British, xl., 

40 

List of, 42 
Notes and Descriptions of, 

57 

Australia, Naturalist in, xxxiii., 160 
Birds of, 170 
Botany of, 163 
Reptiles of, 169 
Zoology of, 167 
Bankes, Eustace, xxxix., 266 
Barnes, Rev. W., Poems by, xxvii., 

xxxviii., 222 

Rev. W. Males (Hon. Editor), 
xxvii., xxviii.,lix.,lxiv., Ixix., 
3, 220, 222 
F. J., xxxix., xliii., 
Rev. Keith, 219, 290 
Barrett, W. Bowles, xlii., Ixv., Ixvii., 

251 

Barrow Digging, at Martinstown, 6 
Bath, meeting at, lii. 

Municipal regah'a and charter, hi. 
Roman Baths, liii. 
Abbey Church, lv. 
Museum, Ivii. 

Victoria Park and Botanic Gar- 
dens, Ivii. 
Bible and Prayer Books, exhibits of 

old (16th and 17th cent.), xxvii. 
Bingham's Melcombe, Manor House, xl. 
Birds, &c., First Appearances of, 267 

(Tables), 273-5 

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, 267 
Moorhen, 267 
Pied Flycatcher, 267 
Red-footed Falcon, 267 
Bond, F. Bligh, xlviii. 
Boyd, Canon, lv. 

Bradford -on -Avon, meeting at, xlviii. 
Antiquities of, 

xlviii. 

Barton Farm, xlviii. 
Bridge, xlix. 
Churches, xlix., 1. 
Chantry, lii. 
Priory, h'i. 
British Association, report of delegate 

to, xxv., xlv. 
Broadwey, church band of, xli. 



Brownsea Island, Iviii, Ixi., 187 

Brunsden, Mr., xlii. 

Cambridge, Rev. O. P. (Vice-Presi- 

dent), xl., 40 
Came, church choir, xli. 
Canford, The Plague at, 158. 
Canute, King, raid on Dorset, &c., 

coast, 187 

Cecil, Lord Eustace (Vice-President), 
xxix., Ixxiii. 

Evelyn, M.P., xxxii. 
Cerne Abbey, xlv., 187 
Chara alopecuroides, Ixvii. 
Chesil Beach, Ixiii., Ixvii., 251 
Chartularies of Dorset Abbeys 
Cerne, xlv. 
Milton, xlv. 

Church Bands and Village Choirs, xl. , 
172 

Music played by, 176 
Musicians' galleries, 179 
Church Bells, Dorset, 205 

Abbotsbury, 213 
Affpuddle, 211 
Alton Pancras, 205, 211 
Ai-ne, 211, 218 
Beaminster, 216 
Bere Regis, 214 
Buicombe, 211 
Bingham's Melcombe, 206 
Broadwindsor, 209, 216 
Buckland Newton, 210 
Burton Bradstock, 211, 

212 

Canford, 216 
Cattistock, 219 
Caundle Bishop, 212 

Stourton, 207, 
211, 216, 219 
Cerne Abbas, 216 

Nether, 205, 207 
Chaldoii Herring, 211, 

212, 219 

Chardstock, 211, 213, 216 
Compton Abbas, 219 

Nether, 21 1,219 
Valence, 211 
Coombe Keynes, 213 
Corfe Castle, 217, 218 
Dorchester, Holy Trinity, 
216 

St. Peter, 216 



277 



Church Bells, Dorset continued. 
Durweston, 217 
Fifehead Magdalen, 211 

Neville, 211 
Folke, 216, 217 
Fontmell, 212 
Forde Abbey, 210, 215 
Fordingtou, 211 
Gillingham, 216 
Halstock, 211 
Hampreston, 216 
Handley, 211 
Hazelbury Bryan, 206, 

207 

Hilton, 211, 213 
Hinton Parva, 219 

St. Mary, 212 
Holwell, 212 
Hooke, 210 
Ibberton, 212 
Iwerne Courtney, 211 
Langton Matravers, 210, 

217, 218 
Lillington, 211 
Little Bredy, 207 
Loders, 213 
Lul worth, East, 211 
Lytchett Matravers, 215 

Minster, 217 
Maiden Newton, 207 
Manston, 211, 213 
Mappowder, 216 
Marnhull, 211 
Milton Abbas, 205, 210 
Minterne Magna, 221 
Morden, East, 207 
Moreton, 218 
Okeford Fitzpaine, 214, 
215 

Child, 213 

Osmington, 205, 206, 211 
Owermoigne, 211 
Pimpeme, 217 
Poole, 218 

Portland, St. George, 218 
Powerstock, 205 
Preston, 213 
Puddlehinton, 212 
Puddletown, 211 
Punckiiowle 214 
Radipole, 212 
Rampisham, 212 
Ryme Intrinsica, 210 
St. Margaret Marsh, 211 
Shaftesbury, 

Holy Trinity, "212 
St. Peter, 214, 216 
Shapwick, 204, 208, 209 
Sherborne, 214, 215 
Shilliiigstone, 211 
Silton, 205 
Spettisbury, 211 
Stafford, West, 211 
Stalbridge, 216 



Church Bells, Dorset continued. 
Steeple, 213 

Stock Gaylard, 205, 206 
Stoke Abbot, 216 

East, 218 
Stourpaine, 211 
Stour Provost, 217 

West, 216 
Strattou, 211 
Studlaud, 211, 216 
Sturminster Newton, 218 
Swanage, 211 
Tarrant Crawford, 211 
Keynston, 206 
Moukton, 211 
Thornford, 211 
Todbere, 216 
Upwey, 211 
Whitchurch Canoni- 

corum, 213 

Wimborne Minster, 207, 
213, 214, 215 - 

St. Giles, 216 
Winterborne Kingston, 
217 

Stickland, 

211 
Whitchurch, 

216 
Zelstone, 

212, 215 

Witchampton, 217 
Wraxall, 206 
Yetminster, 211, 219 
Church Goods, Dorset (1552), 101 
Abbotsbury, 114 
Abbotstoke, 116 
Allington, 122 
Askerswell, 108 
Batcombe, 139 
Beamiiister, 114 
Belchallwell, 129 
Bere Hackett, 135 
Bettiscombe, 127 
Bothenhampton, 111 
Bradford, 141 
Bradpole, 125 
Bridport, 109 
Broad Windsor, 123 
Buckhorn Weston, 151 
Bui-stock, 124 
Burton, 157 

andShipton,106 
Canford, 158 
Cattistock, 118 
Caundle, Bishop, 149 
Marsh, 136 
Purse, 150 
Stourton, 150 
Chardstock, 103 
Charminster, 156 
Charmouth, 119 
Chedington, 113 
Chelborough, 126 



278 



Church Goods, Dorset (1552) con tin tied. 
Chideock, 107 
Chilcombe, 128 
Chetnole, 141 
Chilfrome, 120 
Clenstone, 103 
Compton Abbas, 139 
Nether, 135 
Over, 133 
Valence, 157 
West, 110 
Corfe Castle, 156 

Mullen, 101 
Corscombe, 109 
Gorton, 110 
Dalwood, 104, 157 
Evershot, 101 
Faringdon, 153 
Fifehead Magdalen, 153 

Neville, 157 
Folke, 133 
Fontmell, 139 
Frome St. Quinton, 102 
Gillingham, 138 
Halstock, 115 
Hawkchurch, 121 
Haydon, 134 
Hinton Martel, 158 

St. Mary, 143 
Holnest, 138 
Holwell, 149 
Hooke, 112 
Iwerne Courtney, 153 

Minster, 145 
Kington Magna, 151 
Langton Herring, 123 
Leigh, 140 
Lillmgton, 136 
Litton, 128 
Loders, 111 
Long Bredy and Little 

Bredy, 108, 157 
Long Burton, 137 
Lydlinch, 150 
Lyme Regis, 119 
Maiden Newton, 112, 

152 

Manston, 152 
Mapperton, 105 
Margaret Marsh, 144 
Marnhull, 142 
Melbury Abbas, 155 
Bubb, 143 
Osmond, 130 
Melcombe Horsey, 102 
Milton, 120 
Mosterton, 105 
Motcombe, 145 
Netherbury, 113 
Oborne, 130 
Okeford, Child, 146 

Fitzpaine, 154 
Orchard, East, 145 
West, 148 



Church Goods, Dorset (1552") continued. 
Pilsdon, 129, 157 
Poole, 158 
Poorton, 129 
Portesham, 110 
Powerstock, 120 
Puncknowle, 117 
Radipole, 156 
Rampisham, 125 
Ramsoul, 157 
Ryme, 154 
Seron (Cerne), 157 
Shaston, St. James, 147 
St.Peter's, 147, 

158 
St. Rumbold, 

148, 151 
Trinity, 147' 
Sherborne, 155 
Shipton, 106 
Silton, 131 
South Perrott, 105 
Stafford, East, 156 
Stalbridge, 142 
Stockland, 104 
Stock Gaylard, 132 
Stour, East, 137, 144 

Parva, 131 

Sturminster Newton, 135 
Sutton Waldron, 152 
Symondsbury, 116 
Swyre, 117 
Thornford, 134 
Todber, 146 
Tollerford, 127 
Toller Porcorum, 118 
Upcerne, 158 
Upwey, 157 
Walditch, 111 
Wambrook, 122 
West Orchard, 148 
Whitchurch Canoni- 

corum, 107, 156 
Wimborne Minster, 158 
Winfrith, 156 
Winterbome Abbas, 115 
Steeple ton, 

124 
Wootton Fitzpaine, 126 

North, 132 
Wraxall, 127 
Yetminster, 140 
Cinerary Urn, xxxix. 
Clarence, L. B., xxviii. 
Club, Members, &c., of the, x. 
Honorary, ix. 
New, xxi. 
Proposal to limit number 

of, xxxiv., xliv. 
Officers of the, ix., xlv. 
Proceedings of the, xxv. 
Annual Meeting, xlii. 
Summer Meetings, xlviii., 
Iviii., Ixiii. 



279 



Club, Proceedings ofcontinued. 
Winter Session, xxv. 
Reports of 

Hon. Editor, xliv. 
Hon. Sec., xliii. 
Rules of the, v. 

Secretary's Balance Sheet, Ixxv. 
Treasurer's Balance Sheet, xliii., 

Ixxiv. 

Publications of, xxiv. 
Coaxden, xxviii. 
Cockcraft, Rev. W. O., Ixiv. 
Cogan, Family of, xxviii. 
Collisson, Rev. S. O., xlix., 1. 
Conybeare, Rev. W. D., 186 
Commons, Journal of House of (1688-9), 

xxxiii. 

Crallan, Dr., xxix., xxxix., 268 
Cunnington, E., xxviii. 
D'Aeth, Rev. W. Hughes, 266 
Davis, Major, liv. 
Dean, Mrs., xxvii., xxxvi. 
Deeds, Attestation of old, xxxvi. 
Exhibit of, xxxv., xxxvi. 
Dicker, Rev. C. W. H., xxxiii., 160, 

220 

Dorchester, Church lawsuit (Holy 
Trinity and St. Peter), 
notes on, xxxiii. 
Dorset County Chronicle, 

extract from, xxxiii. 
Dorset, Church Bells, 205 

Church Goods (1552), 101 
Old, Village Choirs and Bands, 

xl., 172 
Plants, 75 

Songs and rhymes, xl. 
Eaton, H. S., xliii. 
Eldridge, J. Robey, Iviii. 
Elwes, Captain (Hon. Treas.), xxxi., 

xxxiv., xliii., xliv. 
Fleet, Church, Ixix. 
Flora of, Ixvii. 
Tides, &c., of, Ixviii. 
Filleul, Rev. S. E. V., xxxix. 
Financial Statement, Secretary's, Ixxiv. 
Treasurer's, Ixxiv. 
Flora of Bournemouth, 87 

Chesil Beach, &c., 251 
Dorset, 75 

Fox-cubs in February, 268 
Galpin, Rev. F. W., xxxvii., xl., lix., 

172 

George, C. E. A., Ixvii. 
Gill, W. K., Iviii., Ix. 
Gooseberry Sawfly, Plague of, 269 
Gorse Bloom plentiful, 271 
Gray, H. St. G., 6 
Greenwell, Canon, 6 
Hardy, Thomas, xl., 173 
Hawkins, W. E., 6 
Hawkmoth, specimen of, xxxviii. 
Heath, Sidney, xlvii. 
Henslowe, Rev. E., 223 



Hudleston, W. H. (Vice -President), 

xxviii., Ixv. 

Humstrum, model of a, xxxvii. 
Huntley, H. E., xliii. 
Insects, First Appearance of (Tables), 

273-5. 

Jesty, Henry, 2 
Jukes Browne, A. J., 184 
Landslip at Lyme Regis, 182 

Diagrams of, 182, 183, 185 
Ravine, view of, 184 
Langton Herring, Cross, Ixiii. 
Church, Ixiv. 
Geology of District. 

Ixv. 

Lepidoptera, scarcity of, 270 
Limestone, cellular, exhibit of, xxvii. 

Freaks of, xxviii. 
Limonium occidentale, Ixvii. 
Linton, Rev. E. F., 75 
Liscombe, Chapel, &c., 1, 2 
House, 4 
Monastic Barn , 5 
Lock, B. Fossett, xlv. 
Luckham, A. M., xl., xlvi. 
Lunar halo, xxxiv. 
Lys, Dr. F. D., xxvi. 
Mansel Pleydell, J. C. (the late), xxix., 

xxxi., xlii., 75 
Memorial Fund, xxix. 
Details of, 

xxx. 

Rev. J. C. M., xxxi. 
March, Dr. Colley (Vice -President), 

xlii., xliii. 

Martinstown, Barrow Digging at, 6 
Mate, W., lix. 
Melcombe Bmgham, 5 
Members of the Club, x. 
Honorary, ix. 
New, xxi. 
Milton Abbey, xlv., 1, 2. 

Mediaeval Relics, 200 
Monastic Burial Relics, 198 
Panel Paintings, 201 
Rebus of Abbot Middleton, 199 
" Ruins, The," 195 
Montevideo, Collections, The, Ixix. 
Moore, Alderman (Bath), liii., liv. 
Oak carving, specimen of, xxviii. 
Officers of the Club, ix., xlv. 
Orchis (Ophyrs aranifcni), xlii. 
Paten cover, silver (All Saints, Dor- 
chester, 1573), xxxix. 
Pentin, Rev. H. (Hon. Sec.), xl., xliv., 

1, 195 
Pied Wagtail cutting off Fly's Wings, 

268 

Pitt-Rivers, General, 6 
Plants, Dorset, 75 

First Flowering of (Tables), 

273-5 
Poole, Iviii., 158 

Town Cellars, lix. 



280 



Pope. A., xxvi., xxix., xxxiii., xxxvi. , 

xliii., lx., Ixiii. 
President's Address, Ixxxvi. 

Archaeology, Ixxxiii. 
Astronomy, Ixxx. 
Botany, Ixxix. 
Chemistry, Ixxxii. 
Electricity, Ixxxi. 
Geography, Ixxxiii. 
Geology, Ixxix. 
Insects, Migration of 
Coleoptera, xcix. 
Diptera, c. 
Hemiptera, Ixxxiv. 
Hymenoptera, ci. 
Lepidoptera, xciii. 
Neuroptera, xcii. 
Orthoptera, Ixxxviii. 
Meteorology, Ixxxi. 
Seismology, Ixxx. 
Zoology, Ixxvii. 
Prideaux, C. S., xxxix., 6 
Puddletown, Musicians' Gallery at, 179 
Raalte, Chas. Van, Ixi., 187 
Radipole, choir of, xli. 
Rainfall in Dorset in 1904 

Average of 42 stations, 88 
Cyclone, A Dorset, 94 
Observers' notes, 91 
Steepletou Manor, tempera- 
ture, &c., 100 
Tables, 96-99 
Reid, Clement, xxv. 
Richardson, N. M. (President), 
xxv., xxviii., xxxi., 
xxxiv.* xxxv., xxxviii., 
xlii., lii., Ixvii., Ixix., 
266 
Mrs., xxxiv., Ixix., Ixxvi., 

268 
Ridley, Rev. J., 266 



Roberts, George, 182 
Rodd, E; S., 266 
Rules of the Club, v. 
Sandbanks, lx. 
Shickle, Rev. C. W., hi. 
Slater, R., xxviii., xxxiii. 
Slugs, exhibition of, xxvi. 

Tcstacella haliotidea, xxvi. 

maiiffd, xxvi. 
Smith, R. Bosworth (Vice -President), 

xl. 

Snails, Plague of, 268 
Spicer, Alfred, xxxix. 
Solly, Rev. H. S., 182 
Squirrel Eating Eggs, 268, 272 
Statutes, exhibits of old 
Merton, xxvii. 
Northampton, xxvii. 
Stickland, Rev. R. P., 220 
Stilwell, H., 88 
Strachan, John, 2 
Studland Church, Saxon origin of, 

xlvi. 

Sykes, Ernest, xlv. 
Taylor, A. J., liii. 
Token (French), Ancient, xlii. 
Tregouwell, John, 2 
Turtle, Fossil (fleurostcrnon concinntiui), 

xxviii. 
Wallflower Bloom, Sparrows destructive 

to, 268 

Waugh, Rev. W. R., xxxiv. 
Weather, Notes on, 271 
Webb, Dean, xlv. 
Winterbome Whitchurch, 1 

Abbas, Village Band of, 

174 

St. Martin's Band, 175 
Steepleton Band, 175 
Wimborne Minster, Plague at, 158 
Woodward, H. B., 182 



DA 

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