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'iaei
DATE DUE
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
LIBEARY
F
74
W43
W38
CA.aD
GIFT TO
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
from
LIBRARY
THE FRIENDS
of THE
LIBRARY
PROCEEDINGS
IX COXXECTIOX WITH THE
One Hundredth Anniversary
Of the Incorporation
OF THE TOWX OK
West Boylston, Massachusetts
HELD IX THE TOWX HALL, THITRSDAY
JAXUARV 30th, 1908, AXD THlv
Centennial Celebration
HELD THURSDAY, JLLY 16TII, 190S
ALSO DEDICATIOX OF THE TOWX HALL
HELD .MOXDAY, LVXFARY
ISth, 1904
PUBLISHED 1?Y THE CEXTEXXIAL COMMITTl-;]-:
19 10
INTRODUCTION
The coniiiiittee a})i)()inted at the Town meeting held ^lan-h
25th. 1907, to Avhom was deh'gated the task of i)erfecting plans
and carrying out a programme for celebrating the One Hun-
dredth Anniversary of its incorporation; and to prepare, and
publish in book form, the proceedings of the same, togethei"
with an account of dtnlication of the Toa\ii liall in the year
Take pleasure in presenting the I'esult of their Ud)ors and
ask that it may receive charitable consideration.
During the One Hundred years of West Boylston's existence
as a Town, many men of intiuence and strength of character
have appeared among its citizens to direct and guide public
afifairs.
Industries have been erected. ui)hchl and sustained Ihi-ough
the skill and energy of able men. Citizens by the score could
be selected who. for the important part they took in furthering
the advancement and prosperity of the town, niei-il honorable
inenlio]! in a summary of the achievements during llie past
century. But it certainly is beyond the charge delegated to
this committee to |)i'esent tile names 111' ;iny consiilerable number
of liiose beiiefacloi's. It Was tliouglil. howex'ei-. Iliat a xci'V
few iniLllll be selected, not becnuse (if |i;i\ing connection with
the ofHcial business of the town alone and theii' identity with
the material advancement of the connnunitw or bec:iuse thi'\-
iMijoyed popularity to a gl'eat degl'ee. but more es])eci;illy t'of
specific work- they left behind them. — Tlistmical data and in-
4 \\(si Uojil.ston
formatiou which Avoukl uoav be ijraetieally lost, had it not been
for the marks of their pen : and whieh must ])rove dnrino: the
years to come of untold value to the student Avho would learn
of the early life among the families of West Boylston.
Centennial Committee :
AV. B. WOOD
LEON A. GOODALE
DANIEL A. LYNCH
WAKREN E. GAMMELL
WALTER E. CHAP:\1AN.
Uk£^^
MAJOR EZRA BEAMAN, THE FATHER
OF WEST BOYLSTON.
To ^lajor Ezra Beaman the inhabitants of "West Boylston
are more deeply indebted than to any other individual for
the public benefits they enjoy as a corporate body.
Born in Bolton. Mass., October 16th. 1736 : his father. Jabez
Beaman. having purchased a large tract of land in the westerly
part of the town of Shrewsbury, situated on both sides of the
Nashua River, removed thence with his family in 1746. The
father. Capt. Jabez Beaman. died Sept. 22nd. 1 ('57. in his 53rd
year: the mother. Dinah (^looret Beaman. died Dec. 5th. 1774.
aged 60 years. 11 months. 5 days: date of marriage. Oct. 4th.
1732. Ezra, the eldest son. coming into possession of the home-
stead, thought it necessary to take unto himself a wife, and
Jmie 1st. 1758. he married Persis. daughter of Cyprian Keyes
of Shrewsbury, by whom he had six children. His wife died
Nov. 7th. 1788. and he married 2d. ]Mary. daughter of Richard
Boylston. who survived him: but died June 6th. 1813. aged 62.
iNlajor Beaman died June 4th. 1811.
Having been endowed with a remarkable spirit of enterprise,
reinforced by sufficient energy and resoluteness to enable him
to surmount almost every obstacle that stood across his path-
way to success; and having withal, an excellent foresight, made
Major Beaman throughout his business life a successful leader
of men : and he readily gained the confidence of his neighbore
and the people who knew him generally : no public work of auy
magnitude was undertaken in the town without first obtaining
his approval. AVhen the clouds began to gather along the
political horizon, threatening a coufiict Avith aims against the
mother coiuitry. he was found on the side of the patriots and.
The 1>f.ama.\ Oak
kkfkkkki) to in ti i k kaki.y sihykys
CnitcHiiidI 7
as L-aptiiiii. drilling;' a compaHy of militia in th(' North Parish
of Shrewsbury; preparing' for the death struggle should it be
forced upon the people. All through the war of the revolution
he was faithful to the cause of ]il)erty and the independence
of the colonies. At the ncAvs of the Lexington alarm he res-
ponded to the call serving nine days as first lieutenant in the
company from the 2d Parish of Shrewsbury, Robert Andrews,
captain. On reenlisting. he Avas commissioned first lieutenant
May 25th 1775, in captain Jol) Gushing 's company, and was
present and took part in the battle of Bunker Hill. He was ever
untiring in his efforts to supply demands for men and means
for jirosecuting the war; serving as selectman, member of the
committe(> of coi'i'espondence. safety and inspection, looking
aftei- the welfai-e of the soldiers in the field and various other
public affairs of the town.
The dwelling house he built in 1764. which stood on the tract
of land his father purchased, was a spacious, well appointed
and well constructed building, known as the Beaman Tavern,
which foi- a century served as a typical AYayside Inn. having
been kept as a public house about that length of time by Ezra
Beaman senior and his son Ezra. Sul)se(|uent to the l)attle of
Bunker Hill and the construction of crude fortifications by the
Ameri<'ans. there came a lull in the strenuous activities of that
army, and lieutenant IJeaiuan sent colonel Ward the following
connnunicat ion :
"Doi'chestei'. Octobei' 27th. 1775.
To Jonathan AYard. Esq.. Commander of a Regiment of Foot
in the Continental Army at Dorchester.
Sir: — iJeing requii'cMl by Gen'l. Orders to make i-etuiMi in this
way of my Design whethei- to continue in said Coiilinental
Ai-my oi- not and being first Lieutenant of a Company whereof
.Ml-. Jolt Cushing is ('apt. in your Honors Regiment (5c therefore
of little Importance, which is a strong argument for my being
excused: notwithstanding am willing but Desirous to use and
exei'cise the utmost of Liide;t\dui' to pi'eser\'e and Defend the
l\iv;lits c^ 1 il)ert\' "s of iii\- ('ouiitrx' both Civil & Sacred : \-et the
Cfiitcintiiil 9
many hicdiix (Miiciiccs cV: (iliimst liii|»nssihi]itie.s that attend my
continuauee in Sd Aiiny urges in favor of my Dismission at
the last of Uecem'i next. Reing- assui'cd that 1 can he ten fold
more Servieeahh' to the Ai'my being in my usual Busiiu'ss than
present with it. "'
Am >Sr Your lioni's most Ubdt lV; lluml Servt.
EZRA 15EAMAX."'
It a|)i»ears that his i'ei|uest foi- dismissiun was granted as the
roll of the company reports him in sei-\-i('e eight nu)uths from
A]U'il lltth. 177'). And at the annual town nuMding in Slirews-
bury, in 177(i. he was (dioseii one of its ('ommittee of Corres-
pondence. Saf(dy and Inspeidion.
It is our pleasure to call attentimi to his ohi(dal pronu)tion
in the unlitary ser\'ice by the following orders.
"To Samucd Andre\\s. ('orporal
You are Iveipiii-ed foi'thwith Accurding to the Trust Reposed
in me by Direction of tlu^ (Jomnumder of the Colony of the
IMassaehusetts Bay. to .Xotifie & warn all the Soldiers under my
Command Li\ing u|)oii the south^\ard side of the River above
the Sear I^ridge So eaHed and I hence to the meeting house all
to the Road leading to Woi-cester; But Not on Sd Road; to
Ap})ear at the fleeting house in the Second Parish in Shrews-
l)ury on Wednesday the oth Day of June 1776, at tAvo of the
Clock in the After Noon with their Arms Compleat for exercise,
there to attend further orders from myself or some one of their
officers; hearof fail not & make Return of this warrant Avith
your Doings thereon to myself or in my Absence to Lieut.
FaA\cett at or Before the Hour mentioned.
Given under my Hand and Se;d this 28 Day of 31ay.
Anno. do. 1776.
EZRA REA:\1AN. Capt."
Tie Inning been commissioiK^l Captain April oth. 1776.
To Capt. Ezra Deanuni or the Chief officer Present of said ('om-
pany, Shrewsbury.
You are Requireil forthwith to Inlist into the Colony Service
or Di'aft e\-erv 2r)th m;in in tlie("ompan\- uiuh'r voui' Conuuand
('riifonnttl 11
Both of the ti'tiiniiif^' Baiul and of tlie Alann List aiul see that
they are a(|uipt AVith Arms and annnunition according to law
and Ready to march at the Shortest Notice to Dorchester
Eights, according' to Resolve of Council of the Colony of the
^Massachusetts Bay at AVatertown July 22 and make a Return
of their Names so Iidisted or Drafted to me -Inly 27 oi- on
]\Ionday morning July 2nth.
(xix-eii under my hand at Crafton this 24th Day of July 177(i.
•JOllX (iorLDlXG. COL.
On Scplciiiher loih. 177(i. ('apt. Lzra Beaman was order(Hl
through Col. John (iouhliiig. to mustei' the company under his
command and draft cxcry fifth man according to a resolve of
the Great and (lenei'al Court of the Colony of Afassachusetts
Bay, and to make retui'n to him hy Tuesday night oi- Wednesday
morning next.
June IGth. 1777. i-a|i1ain Ezra l>eaman was commissioned a
IMajor in the Sixth Worcester regiment, commanded I)y colonel
Job Cushing of Shrewsltury. This i-eginuMit was sent forwai'd
to reenforce the northern army and took part in the i>attle
that resulted in the surrend(M' of general Burgoyne and his
army.
Tt setMus unn(M'essarv to ]")r(^sent further docuui'Mitarv pi'oof
of the acti\'e pai't tak'en by Ezra Beanum in the sti'uggle for
American independence. l)Ut we ar(^ (piite sure thai the public
will more fully appreciati' his civic ser\-ices when the histoi'y
of the incorporation of the town of West l)o\lston is fully
undei'stoock Eor that I'eason the following (piotations on the
subject are made :
To the i]dial)itants of the toAvn of Boylston. Gentlemen :
The petition of the Subscribers Humbly Sheweth.
That your Petitioners \iew the time as being near at hand when
circumstances will admit of their enjoying Ecclesiastical priv-
ileges in a more conscientious, agreeable & in a much more
con^■enient e^- eidarged manner than they have hitherto done. &
being sensible that Religion, the basis of human happiness, is
a natural concomitant of these privileges, we thiid\ it oui- duty
to re<pu'st that you would fully consent to oui' being incoi-por-
at(Ml into a separate Town. District oi' Society, as yon think
12 W'vHi Ji()i/lsf(,u
inosl [)i'(»p('i'. W'c do not solicit this t';i\dr wholly with a \'i(MV
to i)i"()m()te our intrests, enioluineiit or i-onveiiiencc. hut for
the good of a respeetal)le numl)er of our u.eighliors. the \v(dfare
of oiir own & their cliildi'cn & succeeding generations.
Your compliance or non-coini)liance with our rerpu'st we do
not consider as decisive of the cause wc have undertaken; hut
we view it in your present power eitlier to aid oi' o])])ose our
pursuit of the ohject we aim at.
AVe now declare unto you. Gentlemen, that we do not wish
to ohtain the prayer of our Petition to ynu. or of a similar one
to higher powcM". hy any unhiwful or unfaii' means; i)ut l)y
contrary means.
We are inllexihly determined to use our utmost efforts,
because we are persuaded that our re(|uest is not only reason-
able but that tliei'c is a fair prositect of our being separated
from you. That is the case we think you will not deny. If so.
will it not be consistent with your own & our Intrest to grant
US our request. AVe think it will.
Consider your Petitioners as sei)arate from you. and you will
still he a respectable society, mure munerous. of greater ability
than many (Hher Towns in this State. Is a forced connc^ction
with us worth contending for? Again, we ask what injury
can you sustain by i)arting Avith us.
To this you may rejily that your Alinistcn-s' tax will be a little
augmented. This will not wc think afford suthcient plea to
withstand or even induce you to engage in an uncertain contest.
These tb.ings. Gentlemen, we request you will wisely consider &
your petitionei's as in duty bound shall ever pray.
HZIJA BKAMAX AND 27 OTHERS.
This petition the town refused to grant and the following
Avas sent to the (ilreat and General ("ourt:
To the nonoi-able the Senate and House of Representatives in
General Court Assembled.
Humbly shew tlu^ Subscri1)ers your petitimiers. agents for
the second pai'ish in IJoylstoii. lloldeii and Sterling, in the
Gount\' of W'oi'cester, that the inhabitants of said parish are
desirous that the Tenitory belonging to said parish m;iy he
constituted and incorpoi'atc(| into a District h\' sonu' proper
name and \-ested with all the powers and prixileges which l)y
law aititeitain and hehuiu' to l)islricts.
('cnfoniidl 13
Your pclitiotici's believe that the Happiness and ('Dnirocl of
the Parish aforesaid will he [)rouu)ted by an ineorporat i(»ii into
a District, that their eoiu-eriis will be managed Avith more facil-
ity, convenience c^ with less difficulty than in their present
situation, that no possible injury can accrue to the toAvns of
Boylst(»n. llolden .V: Slerlin.u' or any other place, by your <i'i-ant-
ino' their re(|ues1.
Vonfidently i-elyin,u' on the duslice & Wischnn of the Legis-
lature they luuubly hope thai theii- petition will be granted
ami as in Duty bound Avill ever i»ray.
Jan'v ISOT. EZKA HEAMAN i Agents for and in
j Agents I <
f behalf of
JONATHAN PLY^MPTON f behalf of the
PAT^L GOODALE i Parish in Poylston
WlIddA.A! FAIHHAXK )lIol(hMi & Sterling.
In House of Re])resentatives
•lulv 2:'). 1807. Peceived v.V: Committed to Committee on Towns.
Sent up for Concuri'enee. 1>EREZ .MORTON. Speaker.
Tn Senate -lan'v 'JM. ISOT. IJead tfc Concurred.
J. BACON. President.
The Connnittee of both Houses appointed to consider tiu' ap-
plication foi- the incorporation of Towns. &c.. on the Petition of
Ezra lieaman and oth.ei's reported the following order which is
submitted.
SALEM TOAYNE. Pr. order.
C()MAH)X\viv\i/ni OF AIassachusetts.
Ordered : That the petitioners cause an attested Copy of their
Petition witli this order thereon, to be served on the i-espective
Town Clerks of the Towns of Boylston. Holden & Sterling.
Forty days at least before the first Tuesday of the first session
of the next Gener;d Court, that all persons may then appear
and show cause (if any they havej why the prayer of said
petition should not be granted.
Tn Senate, dan'y 241 h. ISOT
Read and i)assed. Sent down foi' ('(nieurreiice.
•J. BACON. President.
In House of JJepreseii1ati\-es -lan'y 26th, 1807.
Read and Concui'red.
PEREZ .MORTON, Speakei-.
k
I
Centennial 15
A copy of this petition \v;is scr\('<l upon the lo^vii drik of
Boylston by Silas Beaiuaii. A copy was sci-\c(l upon the town
clerks of Ilolden and Stei'linu' by K'obcrl 15. Thonuis.
This pdition bi'nu^hl out tbe foUowiiiK I'ciiionsl rain-c :
To the Honorable Senate & House of Representatives in General
Court Assembled.
The inhabitants of tlie town of Hoylston in the ("oijnty of
Worcester being cited on the Petition of Ezra Beanian and
others to show cause wliy the second Precinct in the Town of
Boylston. Sterling & Ilolden should not be lncor[)orated into a
Distinct: The snl)scribers. agents for said Town duly anthor-
ized &; appointed for that [)urpose Respectfully sulnnit to your
consideration their answer to the prayer of said petition.
An unfortunate division having arisen in said ToAvn. in the
year 179-1, relative to the location of a ^Meeting house, then
about to be erected, a few disaffected individuals have from
that period been indefatigable in their exertions to produce the
dismemberment & eventually tlu^ total ruin of the Corporation.
In persuanee of this object the leading petitioner availing
himself of the itowei- and iiitluence dei'ived from an ample
fortune, erected a Meeting house at his own IndiNidutd expense
within the limits of the present prcM-inct. publicly proclaiming
his intention to bring a separation as the most direct and
certain means of destroying the Toami. A p(ditiou was accord-
ingly presented to the Legislature for the incorporation of a
new Town to be composed of certain sections of the towns of
Boylston, Sterling & Ilolden : on this petition the said toAvns
were cited and their opposition ha\ing proved successful, the
next effort was to obtain an Incorjjoration of the present
Precinct. Not satisfied Avith the accomplishment of this pur-
pose, a petition Avas soon after preferred for an enlargement of
the precinct by lopping off another section of the said toAvn
of Boylston. The inhabitants Avere again cited and notwith-
standing their strenuous opposition the object Avas eff'ected.
Having thus gradually scA'ered fi-om the original Corporation
by far the most valuable and fertile portion of the Territory »S:
more than one quarter of the Avhole nund)er of ratal)le pol's. the
remaining Inhabitants had flattered themselves that the enemy
Avould "Cease fi-om ti-oubling'" and that they should be ]ier-
mitted to enjoy in tranquility the pri\il(^ges ^vllich had been
left to them after this injurious encroachnu'iit.
('('iitciiitidl 17
It Ix'iiiL;' (lisciix'crccl Iidwcnci' tli;i1 the Town would sui'vive
lilt' shock and tlint soiiict liiii^' mm-c rcinaiucd to lie done before
tlic Aiiticiit Corporation would l>c coinpletely sid)\'<'i-ted, anew
Project is deviseil jVc an attempt is now made, (with a spirit of
obstinate perse\('j'ance for whi(di our leading' opponent is ]>arti-
culai'lx" (list iii<^uislied 1 to c(iii\-ei't the Precinct into a district
nu)re el'l'ect ually to Impaii' our j)ri\ileg('S and to acconi[)lish this
systematic work of Destruction.
Possessing advantages for an increase of popnlatiiin mueli
superior to the first Precinct (fi-om the better (piality of their
land (S: other local canses). it is calculated with confidence l)y
the Petiticmers that the I'atable polls Avithin the intended
district whitdi are now nearly etpial will soon exceed in mimber
those Avitliin the Town of Poylston. \\\ thus bringing to their
aid a small i)ortion of the Inhabitants of Sterling and Ilolden
(who will coni])ose a })art of the district) it is intended by our
enemies iidiabiting this disatit'eeted section to de|)rive the Town
of the important privilege of Representation. Such will l)e
the Inevitable consequence of incorporating the petitioners into
a district. Pi-o\-ided su(di district is aftatdu'd to the ToAvn of
Boylston.
Siudi we know to be the object of their leaders because it has
lie(Mi o])enly avowed, and all hough the i)etition is silent on the
subject of annexation they have publicly declared thcui' in-
tention to l)e aniu^xed to the Town of l)Oylston.
With this impression, with an anxious desire to preserve our
Corporate existance, to retain the i)rivilege of representation
fully & earnestly to remonstrate against the prayer of said
petition, provided the District thus to be incorporated is to be
annexed to the Towu of Boylston of which we are Inhabitants.
At the same time we wish to I)e explicitly understood that
all opposition on our part is withdrawn if it be consented on
the part of the petitioners or is found expedient by the Legis-
lature to annex the intended district to Sterling, Ilolden or
any other Toavii in the County. For although we have most
sensibly felt the injury resulting to us from the partial dis-
membeiment of this small but once united & flourishing Corpo-
ration, yet our peace has been so incessantly disturbed by new
projects of encroachment, ami we have encountered so much
trouble and expense in op[)osing these projects that we are now
fully persuaded we shall never be at rest ; that our existance
as a (corporation will l)e in perpetual jeopardy until this trou-
blesonu^ and offending member is totally severed from the boily
which it thus threatens to destroy.
18 M'vsi Boijiston
For the fourth time the Town of Boylston is iioav cited l)efore
the Legislature to answer to the petition of Ezra Beaman and
others.
The object of each of these petitions has been most essentially
to injure if not destroy us as a Corporation. Let Ezra Beaman
and others become a Corporation totally detached from ns. &
whatever may be the evil we Avill patiently submit.
We trust with confidence in the wisdom of the Legislature to
discern the object of the present petition, & we trust with equal
confidence that they will be influenced by a desire of justice &
a regard to the essential interests of a small but peaceable
community, to refuse an act of incorporation annexing the pro-
posed District to the Town of Boylston against the earnest
wishes and settled opposition of every Individual who feels a
solicitude to preserve our existance as a Corporation.
Boylston, May 26, 1807. JA:\IES LONGLEY 1 Agents for
ROBERT ANDREWS the town of
AARON WHITE Bovlston.
A remonstrance against annexation signed l)y Jonas Temple
and sixty-one others was also presented to the Legislature, the
principal argument being that it would affect the privilege of
representation.
Some time afterwards agents of the town of Boylstdii and
of the precinct in Boylston. Ilolden and Sterling, met and
signed articles of agreement. Article 1st of which was as
follows :
"It is agreed that the Precinct shall he incorporated into a
town."
In due course the Legislature granted 1lie prayei- of the
petitioners and the following act of incorjjoral ion was issued.
An act to incorporate a part of the towns of Boylston, Holden
and Sterling, into a separate town, by the name of West Boyls-
ton.
Sect. 1. Be it enacft'd li\' the Senate and llonse of l\e])resen-
tati\('s. in (lenei-al Court assend)led. and l)y the anthority of the
same. That the tract of land, described witliin the folloAving
])oundaries. with the iidiahitanfs lliereon. he. and Ihey are
Centennial 19
hereby iueorporated into a separate town, by the name of West
Hoylston. viz. : — Beginning at a black birch tree. t)n Shrewsbury
line, at the south end of the center line of Maiden farm, so
called ; thence, on said center line, to a corner of the second
precinct in Boylston, near the dwelling house of Reuben
Dunton; from thence, following the line between the said first
and second precincts in Boylston, to Sterling line ; thence, on
Sterling line, to a heap of stone, a corner of said precinct ;
thence angling as the line now runs, between the first and
second precincts in said Sterling, to Holden line ; thence, from
said Holden line, one hundred rods, to a heap of stones, a corner
of said first and second precincts in Holden ; thence on the line
between the said first and second precincts in Holden, to an
apple tree, on Worcester line, near the dwelling house of Art-
emas Bartlett; thence, angling on the town lines of Worcester
and Shrewsbury, to the first mentioned bound; And the said
towTi of West Boylston, shall have and exercise all the rights,
powers and privileges, and be subject to all the duties which
appertain to other towns, according to the constitution and laAvs
of this Commonwealth.
Sect. 2. And be it further enacted. That any persons, with
their families and estates, w^ho dwell within the limits of the
said town of West Boylston, and who were not originally
incorporated in said second precinct, by the provisions in said
act, and who shall choose to belong to the town to which such
persons now belong, and shall certify such choice in writing,
to the clerk of said town of West Boylston, within six months
from the first ^londay in ]\Iarch next, such persons, who so
certify, shall continue to ])e inhabitants of such towns respec-
tivel}^ according to such choice.
Sect. 3. Be it further enacted. That the inhabitants, dwelling
within that part of the town of Sterling, which is by this act
made part of the town of West Boylston, shall have their equal
proportion of all the public property of the town of Sterling,
(excepting real estate, weights and measures) and shall pay
their proportionate part of all the state, county and toAvn taxes,
and other taxes and debts due from the town of Sterling, pre-
vious to the first Monday of March next, according to the
proportions in w^hich they have heretofore paid all public taxes
and town debts and the said inhabitants shall support their
due proportion of the poor persons, who are now supported by
the town of Sterling; And that any person who may have
gained an inhabitancy at any time before the said first ^Fondav
of JMarch next, within that part of either the said towns, whicli
is by this act incorporated into the town of West Boylston.
20 West Boylston
and Avho shall hereafter need to he supported as poor })ersons,
shall he supported by the town of West Boylston. And in the
future ])i'oportion of state taxes, \intil a new general valuation
shall he made, twenty-seven cents shall he taken from the town
of Sterling, as it stands in the aggregate, and set to the town
of AYest lioylston ; and the pay of representatives shall be ad-
justed in the same i)roportion, until this act shall be in force.
Sect. 4. He it further enacted. That all that part of the town
of Ilolden. which is by this act made part of the said town of
AYest Boylston, shall not be entitled to any part of the public
property of the town of Ilolden, nor chargeable with any part
of the expense of supporting those poor persons who are now
supported by said town ; and any person who hath, or Avho may
hereafter gain an inhabitancy or settlement in that part of
Holden. whi(di is l)y this act made part of the town of AYest
Boylston, shall ])e supported by the said town of AVest
Boylston : and all monies now raised, or which may be here-
after raised, for public purposes, and all tax bills, which may
be sent by legal authority, to said town, before the tirst Alonday
in March next, shall be assessed and i)aid in the same manner
as though this act had not passed. And in the future propor-
tion of state taxes, previous to a n(Mv general \aluation, there
shall be seventeen cents deductetl from the town of Ilolden,
as it now stands in the aggregate, and set to the said town of
AYest Boylston. And the exi)ense of representative, until this
act shall l)e in forc(\ shall be paid by the said towns of Ilolden
and AYest Boylston. in the same ])roportion which they have
heretofore paid.
Sect. 5. Be it further enacted. That the said toAvn of West
Boylston shall receive and support four tenths of the poor
persons now chargeable to the town of Boylston ; and that they
shall receive the same proportion of all the military stores, and
of all monies in the treasury of said town, excepting the dona-
tion from AYard Nicholas Boylston, Esq.. as a fund for the
support of schools in said toAvn. And the said town of AA'est
Boylston shall pay their proportion of all debts and taxes now
due. and owing by the said town of Boylston. previous to this
act being in force; and until a general valuation shall take
place, of the ])rop()rtion in the state tax. seventy-six cents shall
be taken from the town of Boylston, as it stands in the aggre-
gate, and set to the town of West Boylston; and the expense
of representative, shall be paid in iiroporti(ni in which it has
been heretofore ])ai(l.
('<iit('uiii<il 21
Sect. (). Be it fni'ther eiiaeted. That the prdxisioiis in the
fourth section of this ad. concerning inhabitancy, shall have
an equal and uniform etfect and operation, alike to the several
towns mentioned in this act.
Sect. 7. Be it furtln^r enacted, That either of tlie justices of
the peace for the county of Worcester. Ix'. and he is hereby
authorizcMl to issue a warrant, directed to some inhabitant of
the town of West Boylston. reciuiring him to notify and warn
the inhabitants thereof, to ineet at such time and place as shall
be appointed in said warrant, for the choice of all sucdi officers
as towns are by law empowered to choose at their animal town
meetings.
Sect. 8. Be it further enacted. That this act shall be in foi'ce,
and operate on the tirst ^londay of 3Iarch. which will be in the
3^ear of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and eight.
(This act passed Jan. 30, 1808.)
22 MVesi Boylston
ACTION TAKEN BY THE TOWN FOR CELEBRATING
ITS CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY.
Tlie citizens of AYest Boylston, Massaelivisetts. Avith eom-
nieii(la!)'(' ])iil)li(' s;]:)irit, out of respect for those Avho have left
the imprint of worthy deeds nj^on the pages of the Town's
History; and through their thoughtfulness and generosity
erected monuments for the use and l^enefit of those who suc-
ceeded them ;
Therefore as a slight token of gratitude for the public
benefits thus made possible ; Voted in Town meeting assembled,
to celebrate in some proper manner the One Hundredth Anni-
versary of securing the act of incorporation of the Town.
VOTE OF THE TOWN.
MEETING OF MARCH 25. 1907.
Voted tiiat a committee of five be appointed l)y the ^^loderator
to make such plans and final arrangements as it may deem
necessary for a celebration of the centennial anniversary of this
town ; and that Two hundred dollars b(^ raised and appropri-
ated for that purpose.
The ^Moderator. Frank IT. P>aldAvin. appointed Leon A.
Goodale, AV. B. Wood. Wari'en P]. Gammell. Daniel A. Lynch.
Walter E. Chapman.
MEETING OF MARCH 2:5. 1908.
Voted to appropriate One thousand dollars for the further
celebration of the centennial of the town. th(^ money to be ex-
pended by the Centennial committee some time in July.
MEETING OF MARCH 22. 1909.
Voted to leave the matter of pulilishing the ]n'oceedings con-
nected Avith the centennial exercises in tli" hands of the Centen-
nial committee, said connnittee to sell tlic coi)ies at its discre-
tion, and Five hundred dollars was approjjriated for the same.
Tlic Centennial committee organized Avith W. B. Wood, chair-
man. Daniel A. T^ynch. secretary, the other members being Le(m
A. Coochdc. AVarrcii E. (lammell. AValtcr L. Chajunan.
ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY,
TIU'R^iDAY. .TAXTWRY 30. 1908.
The Town Hall had Ixmmi appi'oi)riately decorated, iindei*
direction of ]\Ir. Daniel A. Lynch, and all things were in read-
iness for the opening exercises. The Aveather Avas ch^ar and
cold [M'oving rather severe for some of tln' flch'rly [)eople to
face, allhongh there Avas a fair i'ej)r('S('iita1 ion of tlicni present
at two o'clock in the afternoon Avhen the call to order came;
iiotahly. .Mr. Gardner Emmons Goodell. of Worcester, fcn'merly
of this lowii. also Thomas Lynch. Thomas N. K(\ves. Jonathan
^1. Keyes, AVilliam AY. Keyes. Ashley IL AVood. Cahin Warner,
Jonas Alnzzy, Lovell A. Lesnre, Airs. Lncrelia Alorse. and Airs.
Alartha XcAvton. all o\ov sev(Mity years of age.
AVhen Air. AV. 1>. AA^ood. chairman of the t-ommittce arose to
call 1lic assend)lage to ordci-. the hall was well filled: and after
1lii' 1 wo selections announced on 1lie pi-ogi-jinnne had been ren-
ilei-ed hy the orchestra, prayer was offered hy Rev. Lrnest A.
K'oy;d. pasfoi' of the First Baptisf chui-ch. and the succeeding
nnmliei's on the official programme wei'e rendered as they
;i pheai'.
Programme
MARCH— "Colonel Donovan," . . . Strachan
STRACHAN'S 9th REGIMENT ORCHESTRA, of Boston
OVERTURE— "Piqne Danm/' .... Suppe
ORCHESTRA
PRAYER
REV. ERNEST A. ROYAL
ADDRESS OF WELCOME
LEON A. GOODALE
READING OF ACT OF INCORPORATION
ROGER M. LOVELL
CHORUS— "In Days of Old"
HIGH SCHOOL
ADDRESS
HON. JOHN R. THAYER
SONG — Shadow Song from "Dinorali"
MRS. JEANNIE CROCKER FOLLETT
SELECTION— "Mayor of Tokio," . . . Liidero
ADDRESS
JUSTICE ARTHUR P. RUGG
SONGS— (a) "Christmas Carol of Birds/ ' ( liaiiiijiade
(b) "Oh, that we two were Maying," Nezmt
(c) "My Lovely Child," . \ Lrliuiau
MRS. MARGARET GUCKENBERGER
Programme
ADDRESSES
WARREN GOODALE HENRY F. HARRIS
ZYLOPHONE SOLO
HARRY F. CADE
ADDRESS
HON. EDWARD A. COWEE
SONGS— (a) "Mattinata," Tosti
(b) "Cradle Son.^," Gaynor
(c) "April Morn," Batten
MRS. FOLLETT
ADDRESS
JOHN S. LYNCH
POPULAR SELECTION— "Shapiro's Hits," Shapiro
ORCHESTRA
SONG — "vScliwer liegt anf dem Herzen "
MRS. GUCKENBERGER
ADDRESS
WALTER D. ROSS
NATIONAL SELECTION—
"Tone Pictures of the North and South," Brudix
ORCHESTRA
ADDRESS
LOUIS CUTTING
FINALE— "National Emblem," .... Baoley
ORCHESTRA
ADDRESS OF WELCOME BY LEON A. GOODALE.
]\1r. Chairman.
Ladies and Gentlemen :
We have met today to coiinnciiioi'atc 1lu' one huiitlrcdtli
anniversary of tlie iiicorpoi-alioii of the Town of West l)oylston.
In the celebration of a l)irth(lay it is customary to cordially
fi'rcet the guests, to heartily Avelcome the visitors and to show
hospitality to all the friends. AVe want to iiii[)r('ss upon each
of you today that AVest J>oyls1(Hi sincerely extends these tokens
to all who gather in her honor. And while this word of greeting
is said to those of you who are gatlun'ed here to pai-tieipatc^ in
these exercises, it is extended also to those who are prevented
from hiMiig pi'cscut hut whose thoughts today are of their old
home town.
There are a few Avords whi<'li the Centennial committee
Avonld like to say to you in regard to these exercises.
AVe have planned todax's programme as a snitahle ohser-
A'aiice of the ceiileiinial day. if is not intended to eox-er the
largei" centennial ceiehrat ions \\hicli we shall recommend later
to he cai'i'ied out at a more seasonable time of the year.
We have li'ied. howe\-er. to set the standard so high that the
excnt latei" "will exceed this in magnitude only.
It is not my pui'pose at this time to indulge in any lengthy
I'cmai'k's upon the histoiy of oni- town.
In order, however, to ha\-e a proi)er understanding of today's
significance thei'e are cci-tain features which I shall try to point
out to you with a plain statciuent of facts.
it is generally believed that the tci'iMtory now West Boylston
was settled about 1720. that is. it had been inhabited in^arly
a centni'y befoi-e it became this town. It embi-aced |)arts of
the old towns of Lancastei'. Sln'cwshnrx' and Ilolden. Ilei-e the
30 Wesi Boi/lston
early settlers established their homes in the wilderness far from
the protection furnished by their home towns.
The boundary lines, too, were changing so that in many cases
it is difficult to say in just what town a man was residing at
a given date.
At the time of the Revolutionary War most of the town's
area was embraced in the towns of Shrewsbury and Ilolden.
The portion belonging to Shrewsbury was part of its North
Parish which was later incorporated into the town of Boylston.
We look therefore to Shrewsbury's North Parish, to Ilolden
and to Lancaster to learn of the part our people pbiycd in this
great contest. And it is with pride that we can point out a
goodly number of our early inhabitants who not only responded
as jMinute Men on April 19. 1775. but who thi-oughout the
contest were staunch supporters of the cause of liberty. This
was perhaps the more remarkable when we stop to consider
that the Rev. Ebenezer ]Morse. pastor of our church, that is. of
the Shrewsbury North Parish, was a staunch Tory and exer-
cised all his great influence in behalf of the British king. So
strong was the minister in his l)elief that it was not until a
committee was appointed to disarm him and keep him from
his pulpit that he finally subsided.
During this exciting period one man stands out preeminent
in our community. A selectman of Shrewsbury as well as an
officer in the army, Ezra Beaman was the central figure around
whom all gathered. Possessing all of the qualities of a leader
as well as great wealth he became the determining factor in
this vicinity.
Largely through his eff'orts the North Parish of Shrewsbury
was incorporated into the town of Boylston in 1786. and he
became chairman of its first Board of Selectmen.
A few^ years later the church in Boylston having burned, he
advocated having a new one built a half mile nearer the future
AVest Boylston. In this he was unsuccessful and thereupon
rallied the inhabitants of the west part of Boylston and others
from Sterling and Ilolden and built a churcli on our present
common, which was dedicated Januarv 1st. 1795.
CentcHuial SI
The contest was tlicii start cd wliidi resulted in the formation
of the Second Precinct of JJoylston. Sterling- and Ilolden and
finally on January 30tli. 1808. in the incorporation of this town.
Naturally we tind that Ezra l^eanian was chosen chairman
of the first Board of S(M(M'tmen as well as town treasurer and
representative.
While it is prt)l)al)le that sooner or later the town of Boylston
and \A'^est Boylston would have separated, on account of the
natural division of the two, had there been no ^la.j. Beaman,
yet he was the man to accomplish the result and to whom
belongs the title of father of the toAvn.
That you may more fully understand the nature of the
document which created the town we will now ask one of our
boys, Eoger ]\i. Lovell. a great-great-great grandson of Maj.
Ezra Beaman to read the act of incorporation.
The Act was tlicii read.
Hon. John R. Tiiayek
i'ohmer member of congress
ADDRESS BY HON. JOHN R. THAYER.
There are certain epochs in the history of nations, countries
and states which ahva.ys attract to themselves a lasting interest.
They fix a viewpoint in tlie progress or doctrine of state or
empire at which w(^ inA'ohintarily pause to take the l)earings
to look hack upon tlie past and to attempt to penetrate the
veiled future. Our imaginations embody the time, the place,
the circumstances, and fancy we breathe the air and spirit of
the age itself. AVe gather up the fragments of facts as history
or tradition has scattered them, around us.
Of memorable events, few awaken a more lively interest or
greater consideration than the origin of states and luitions.
Eacii member of the human race is anxious and curious to know
fi'om whence he sprung, from what particular race, unch'r Avhat
circumstances, and for Avliat purpose in the order of the
universe. He who may look back upon a long line of illustrious
ancestors, cannot forget that the blood stirring in his own veins
is drawn from a common soui-ce. and that the light, reflected
by their virtues, casts ui)oii liis own ])ath a cheering radiance.
Ami he. who may not claiiii kindi-ed with the illnslrions dead,
yet feels that they are the conimon inheritance of his country,
or state, and that he has the i-ight to share in their fame and
Iriuinph in their achievements. And it should no1 be assumed
that this propensity of our nature is attributable to the indul-
gence of more pers(uial (U' local vanity. It is of a higlier and
noblei' oi-igin ; it is closely interwovcni with the rexci-ence and
affection with which we regard our parents and the ])ati"iarchs
of our own time — the natural respect for and veneration of the
aged. The toils, llie liardsliips, the inconvenience of (^arly
settlements, the patience. Ilie i'orlilude and sagacity displayed.
J4 TTV'.v/ BojiJsfoji
these all funiish lessons which go far to help us in onr every-
day life.
One of these epochs to which I have referred, in miniature
form I confess it may be. we have gathered here this day to
consider and to study. In the multiplicity of events and activi-
ties of a nation, or even of a state, the celebration of the centen-
nial anniversary of the birth and founding of a small New
England town attracts but little attention and little public
comment, but to you sons and daughters of the founders of
this town and you who, by adoption, have become, members
of the common household, heirs and joint-heirs of the blessed
inheritance of the last century, which has been handed down
from generation to generation for these hundred years, look
upon this centennial anniversary of the founding and incorpora-
tion of your town of AVest Boylston as a red-letter day in your
lives and as fi conspicuous and illustrious epoch in the history
of this community.
There is depicted upon your every countenance an earnest
desire to hear and understand every fact, event and incident in
detail which contribute to make up the history since the in-
corporation of West Boylston an hundred years ago. It natu-
rally requires a native of the toAvn. or one who has sprung from
the loins of a first settler, to perform this task most acceptably,
one who might recite much in your local history which may
have been forgotten, recall incidents and events not generally
laiown. and stimulate you to action and aspirations worthy of
the memory of an honored ancestry.
I cannot claim this much-coveted distinction. I am not of this
manor born, despite the fact that some political wags have in-
dustriously, in time past, circuhited the report that I have
claimed to have been born in nearly every town in the Third
Congressional District. If there ever was a time when I would
be induced to so far trench upon fiction as to claim I was born
anywhere but in old, rocky Douglas, this is the time and the
occasion when I would attempt to palm myself off as having
sprung from the Ezra Beaman stock, or some other of the
oriu'iiijil founders of this town.
CciifciniidI J J
But I must t'oi'cgo this (list itictiou and this honor and openly
confess that, instead of heino- a uative or an adopted son of
AVest Boylston. I am sini])ly a stranger within liei- gates, and hut
slightly aequainted Avith her people or the history of the found-
ei's of the town, and the great progress and (hn-elopmeiit which
lias heen witnessed here during the hundred yeai-s siuce the
incorporation of your municipality. And. Avliile I cannot, as a
son of West Boylston, enter with the same spirit of filial love,
affection and reverence into the festivities of this day. as the
native and adopted sons and daughters of West Boylston do.
I can compliment and congratulate the inhabitants of the town
upon their determination and purpose to fittingly celebrate this
centennial anniversary.
The average citizen, absorbed in strife for the possession of
the present good and the present dollar, or in tireless pursuit
of a better future for himself or his. too infrequently avails
himself of the opportunity to look bacli into hy-gone days and
acquaint himself with the conditions, the cause and effect out
of which the present day came. He is like the runner referred
to by St. Paul of old, "Forgetting those things which are l)ehind
and reaching forth to those which are before, he presses toward
the mark for the prize of his high calling." He is too l)usy
in working and planning for the needs of the present and laying
up stores for the future, to give a day. or even an hour, in
retrospect, considering events, history and policies which can-
not be changed. The realities, activities and demands of
American life permit too few backward views. And yet, we
must all concede that so truly and with such constancy does
history repeat itself that there are no safe beacons for the
future without light from the experience of the past.
To what bettei' purpose then can the sons and daughters of
this town better devote a brief time than to the earnest and
thoughtful contemplation of the Avays and means, the thought
and service, out of which the great present lias come, and to
bring into lieitig again and into the mind and imaii'ination those
36 UV'.s/ lioi/l.sfon
conrnsi'cons tii'st settlers — the lieroes. the stMtesmen. the tiUersof
the soil, the preaehers of the .yospel. the teachers of the youth,
tlie huihlei's of the highways, the mills, tin' selioolhouses and the
churches in the first and early limes of this town — to i-e\iew
and contemplate the customs, the ordinances, the polity and
everyday life of that sturdy civilization which, not only laid
the foundation deep and wide for the mighty growth and
development of New England towns, and especially of this
distinguished town, Init mingled with that of a similar nature
in other towns and cities of the broad expanse of the American
continent, subdued a country of Avild waste and barbarism,
revealed the majestic resources of our country and advanced
our free Republic abreast of those grand old nations of Europe,
from whom it is our privilege to trace an honorable descent.
These centemiial celelu'ations tend to hee]) united that thread
of historic continuity which is imi)ortant in all civilized lands,
not oiily among nations and countries. Imt among states, towns
and families.
AYest Boylston was incorporat<*d by Act of Legislature,
Jaiuuiry 30th, 1808. Its population did not exceed 600 and it
contained less than 100 houses, with ratable polls of less than
160, while it required 150 to entitle a town to a representative
in the General Court. She had the vecpiii-ed number with six
to spare. Her population consisted chiefly of farmers, either
owning and operating farms, or engaged in the farming in-
dustry for others. There were only about twelve mechanics,
three merchants, one minister, one tavern-keeper and a few
laborers in various occupations. There was one small cotton
mill. tAvo grist-mills, two saw-mills, one cider mill, one tannery
and four blacksmith shops.
If I have read aright the history of AVest Boylston. the idea
of equality among her people was one of the i)rominent corner-
stones upon whicdi the toAvn was built, and upon which it rests
CcutcniiidI 37
today. ]n some of the sister towns of jMassaehiisetts, an aristo-
cracy both in church and state was iiot only asserted, but in
hirge measure recognized. But not so in AVest Boylston.
The people here in the earlier, as Avell as in the more recent
times, ])elieved in the justice and necessity of securing" for
themselves, and for those Avho should come after them, an
equal right before the law in every essential phase of life, and
the principle came to be a solemn article of faith. They insisted
from the beginning that there should be no ''chosen people",
that here there was no room for a self-assumed aristocracy.
Whoever came to join those who had a few years preceded
them were made to feel, and to realize, that here was the
adopted home of the free-men, that the land, the rivers, the
schools antl all the institutions, witli their sacred privileges,
were not foi* the few. l)ut f(U' all.
Tlie fathers, in their time, and the sons, in theirs, detected
from afar the first approach of anything like an exclusive spirit
and attempted monopoly in society or in business, or in any
form of poAV(M' which tended in the least degree to subjugate one
man to the will of another; but in honor only preferring one
anotlier. Here was presented a good example of pure democ-
racy, exeept in its political sens(\ and here it has remained to
the present time.
AYe linger to listen to the grand, though sim{)le, story of the
first settlers. That fascinating touch of the mind, which ideal-
izes and glorifies the past, made so intcMisely interesting by the
toilsome, sacrificing, frugal, but dignified, life of those vene-
rated fathers of this community, who lived in touch with the
very heart-throb of nature, and because of that touch, it some-
tinu-'s seems to us liiat we IcnoAV them better than Ave knoAV
those of the ])resent. The siniple cottage, the crude and in-
artistic home are more interesting to us than the more spacious
mansions of today. The early Avindiiiill and water-wheel are
iiioi-e interesting to recall than tiie air-shi|)s and steam-engines.
AVe pi-efer to reproduce in our imagination the old stage-coacli.
38 irr.s/ Boijiston
the wooden plough and saddle-bags than h)()k upon the steam
and electric ears, the automobiles and telephone appliances.
AVest Boylston is one of the younger towns of the state, and.
while she put in an appearance rather late in the sisterhood of
towns in this county, she lays claim to having sprung directly
and indirectly from five other towns, and as having taken with
licr from hei* many mothers, what was best and most useful for
a prosperous toAvn out of each of the towns from which she
sprung. West Boylston has within luu- boundaries, territory
Avhich at one time belonged to Boylston. Ilolden. Sterling,
Shrewsbury and Lancaster.
Nature abundantly provided for West Boylston. Here when
considered in connection with other NeAv England towns, she
had more than avci-agc i-icli and j)roductiv(' soil, covered in
many parts with large growth of valuable timber. The surface
like most other towns in this ccninty. was diversified with hills,
plains, valleys, well watered with springs. V)rooks and rivers.
The Nashua. Quiiuipoxet and Stillwater Rivers, with their tri-
butaries, furnished natural power for manufactories and other
industries. e(|ua]led by that of few towns in The state. The
citizens of the town eai'ly took advantage of the natural
resources and estalilished u])on the l)anks of these streams
many large and imi)ortant maiuifactories. which naturally
contributed much to the Avealth and growth of the town. Alas,
the day canu' when a ruthless Imnd swept them off the face
of the land.
When she was incorporated as a town in LSOS, with her
600 inhabitants, she was the pi-oud possessoi' of thi-ee school-
houses, one tavern, one church, one minister, with a bounteous
yearly salary of .$333.
It is not my pur]>ose to allude to many of tbe prominent first
settlers in youi- town and the part they tool\ in the first years
of its incorpoi'ate existence. An occasion like this should not
pass, liowexci-. without some uu^ntioii nf one whom liistory
declares did nioi'e to bi'iiig about the iiicor[)ofat ion of the
Centennial 39
town. ;iii(l more toward its maiiitenaiice in those early trying
xcai-s of its existence, than any othci- one man.
.Major Ezra Beaman, in his younger days, was a resident of
Boylston and qnite a religions enthusiast. West Boylston, like
many other towns, can trace the cause of her existence, back
to a religions controversy. TIk^ time came in 1796, when a
new church was to be l)uil1 in Boylston, and a controversy
ai'ose as to certain tempts in the creed of the church. Tend-
(Micies toward Calvinism and tcTidencies toward Unitarianism.
w]ii(di then began to be felt in the one and only cburch in
Boylston. were no more likely to assimilate then than they
are now.
Where the new sti'ueture should he located was another vital
(|uestion. the decision of Avhich was destined to play a most
important part in the founding of this town. The pious
])arishioners Avaxed warm in tlie contro\ersy. and being unable
to agree upon either question in dispute, a poi'tion of the then
tirst parish seceded and built tlieii- church on what is now
known as the "Old Common", and took the name of the
Second Parish of Boylston. Sterling and Ilolden.
The ruling spii-it in the establishment of this Second Parish
was Ezi'a Beaman. who Avas at that time one of the wealthiest
iidiabitants in this \icinity. a man of rare judgment, upright
chai-actcr and sti'ong will. ITe conti'ibuted most generously for
the l)uiUling of the new church, took* the gtMieral superintend-
ence and charge of the huilding and also took a deep satisfac-
ti(»n in constant attendance Avith his f(dlow-Avoi'shippers there
during the remaindei' of his life. ^Ir. Beaman 's opinion and
judgment Avere sought upon all ([uestions of a public nature,
and usually accepted. Many matters of the deepest interest
might this day he recalled in comiection Avith .Major Ezra
lieaiiiairs conspicuous position and |)()Aver in the early history
of this town. For many yeai-s. he had the most important
puhlic {)osition and office in the toAvn. represented it many
times in the General Court, aiul Avas. in short, the one conspic-
uous leadei' in the town during its first trving A'ears.
40 ~Wesi Boylston
But tli(^ limited time allotted to me will not pei-mit me to go
into these matters of history, although I cannot omit to recall
the fact that not a Beaman springing from this old original
stock is alive today. The illustrious name and all it stands for
is only a blessed memory of the early history of the town.
Next to him. T name the founder and author of the old
Farmers Almanac. Eohert B. Thomas, who was another of the
conspicuous and influential first settlers.
Who of us past fifty cannot recall the advent every year of
a new copy of Robert B. Thomas' "Old Farmers Almanac",
our regular New Year's present — and those prophecies of the
weather made, as of course they nuist have been, nearly a year
in advance. 1 can now vividly recall one of the weather prob-
abilities printed in italics on the right-hand side of the page,
devoted to the month of July, beginning near the top opposite
July 1st and ending nearly at the bottom opposite July 31st :
"About this time, look out for heavy thunder showers."
It was a little difficult to determine what day or week in
the month we were to look out for thunder showers, but we
accepted the warning with as much assurance and confidence
as we do now the prophecies of I\Ir. Foster.
Then too, later on, come the Bigelows, Erastus B. and Horatio
N., inventors of looms, and afterwards extensive carpet manu-
facturers. We might profitably s])end time in referring to the
conspicuous services and untiring etforts to promote the growth
of the town, to such names as Sawyer. Houghton. Dinsmore.
Goodale, Fairbanks, jMoore. Pierce. Lovell. Brigham. ]\Iurdock.
Wheeler, Pratt. ]\lason, Ilosmer. Kevins, Harris and Cowee.
In ISIT). September 2.")d. occui'red tlu^ "great blow", as it
has bet'ii called, uprooting trees, demolishing buildings and
fences and carrying ruin and devastation in its train, and
while great injury was caused by this tornado, the injury thus
caused is nol 1o be compared Avith the ruin and devastation
(/ciifciniidl 41
(•;iiis(m1 hy the " ' cyclDiic "" Avhicli sli'iick tliis town in 1895, when
the L('g'isl;ituft' passed what is known as the "' .M('tro])olitan
Water Act."'
By the |)rovisions of this Ictiislativc act. authority was o^ix-cn
for certain commissions to bnikl just l)ey()nd the boundary
of your town an immense dam. which was estimated to cost
ten millions dollars, hul did cost fifteen million, and to flow a
greater pai-1 of the best and most fertile portion of your town.
By that act. hundreds and thousands of acres nave been taken
for a part of a basin, and its protection, to store water for the
use and benefit of the cities and towns from here to the Atlantic.
AYe can gather some idea of the spirit ami feeling whicli
actuated those having in charge this great Avork of pro\iding
for the necessities of those wh(j were located ui Boston and
vicinity, and how thoughtful or thoughtless of your interest
they were, hy referrijig to this statement contained in the
report to the legislature of the .State Board of Health in 1895.
"In considering the i)laces foi' the pro})osed resei-voir above
the Lancaster ^lills. we ha\(' been impressed by the very
serious changes which Avill be produced in the towns of Boyls-
ton and West Boylston. It does not appear to us to be a very
important objection to oui' plan that certain mill-sites will be
80 feet beneath the sui'face of the basin, nor that the homes of
many industrious people de})en(lent upon these mills for their
living will be also submerged, because all these can be paid for,
and an equivalent will be gixcn — damages foi- which we
have caused careful estimates to be made."
It is not my i)uri)ose to enter into any discussion of the
necessity for this act. nor do I intend to harrow up your fec^lings
by a recital of the burdens you have borne, and contiinu' to bear
■ — the sacrifices you haxc nuide f(»r the benefit of your fellow-
citizens of the great city of l^oston and its suri'ounding cities
and towns.
Sufficient it is for me to call your attention to the fact which
this act most forcibly and huneiilably. for the interests of this
town, exeiiiplilies. namely, that in this fi-ee America excry
man avIio is the owiiei- of his home deceixes himself if he
42 Wv^i Hoijlsiou
assuiucs ttijit he ciiii Idok dill ii\('i' his few or many ar-res and
feel that he is ihc pfoud (•wiici- and possessor of the soil and
Ids lioiiic. and that no one can (h'i>ri\c liiin of it Avitliont his
consent.
The secni'ity which we feel in tlie ownecsldp and control of
our lainhnl possessions as coni|)ared with the land tenure in
other countries lias been foi'cihly stated l)y another in these
words: ""'rhe wind and rain may entei' the hunil)le home, hut
the King cannot." You will hereafter look upon this statement
as sim]ily a fisTTiri^ of speech, for it appears after all that we are
oidy the owner's and ])ossessors subject always to a higher
authority. — the sovereignty of the State. — that while we
hold our land estates in f(M'-sim])!e. sonndimes a simple fee
deprives us of them.
Today, looking out over the southeastei'ii jxtrtion of your
town. Avhei'e orn-e were many happy, flourishing farmers and
tenants, where once w^ere large and flourishing manufactories
and business enterprises, one now sees oidy a wide waste of
trackless water, upon Avhose surface not a boat or sail or (»thei'
evidence of life is permitted to a})pear. save the few minions of
the law. who patrol the gravcdly shores of this lifeless waste
of Avater in the hopes of apprehending some one who. per-
chance, may pass beyond the (h^ad line and become a trespasser
upon the realm of the "^leli-opolitan Basin.'*
Not satisfled with de^poilinu' a large jtortion (d' the fairest
part of youi' pi'oducti\-e land, they ha\'e added the teri'ors
of the police officers and the jail if you xcnturc 1o pass over
a rod of the sacred soil or rocks which form the shores and
boundaries of the \"ast watei- waste. To he sure. I should not
overlook tln^ fact that a fair compensation was 1o he paid to
the oAvners Avhose homes Avere despoiled — the coni|)ensat ion
to ])e determined 1»\' the hai'd and fast lines of a pui'cly husiness
enterprise.
The sentiment of the ohl home, the place (d' lii1h. the com-
panionship of relatix'es and neighl)ors. llie scenes of (ddldhood,
the home of adxancing and maturing yt-ars. \vent fiu' naught
in this purely cuminci'cial en1ei-|)rise. -lusl so niuidi. \\\\k\ no
('('uictniidl 43
inoi'c. as a willinj/ huyn-. thouirh a s1 i-aiiLTci- from the IMiilip-
l)in('s. wnuld i^ivc. and a williiitr si'llcr would accept, was the
liard and fast nilc whicdi was to ](i-c\ail. ai)d did i)revail. in
deciding tli(^ conipoiisation which youi- citizens received for
lieinjr dcprix'ed of their homes, and all saciVMl association
of home life.
Hnt wht^thei' a fair and just amount was paid for the projx^rty
taken, imjjaii'ed or destroyed, or not. the pros]>ei'ity and natural
•rrowth and devidopment of the town was siM'ioiisly i-etarded
and im]iaii'ed. The lar,ire and profitable nminifacturinj^: in-
dustries wei'e substantially or etitii-ely desti-oyed for all time
and till' most ])i'oductive ])()rtion of your town for agriciilture
was drowned and blotted out of existence. As a thrifty and
pi'osperous manufacturin.sr town, you are seriously and sadly
affected.
Your po]>ulation deci'cased fi'om fd)out 'lM)() in 1!)()() to about
I.IOO in IfK)."). But 1h(^ i-esolutc and indomitable spirit Avhiidi
characterizc^l the foundei-s of this town and which has pre-
vailed through the generations since, would not i)ermit des-
pondency, doubt and fear to long ]-(4ain an abiding place here.
You would iKtt remain demoralized. You would not down. You
determined that the town should not be destroyed, that obsta-
cles in youi- ])athway of progress could, and should, be removed.
You saw that, while youi' numy and \ai'ied manufactories wei'e
gone, nevei" to return, and your agricultui'al industries had
been most seriously in.jui-ed and largely destroyed, the question
before you Avas Iioav to secui'(^ ot hei's to take i)laces of those who.
dependent upon your many and flourishing nuinufactories. were
forced to leave you and find business and emi)loyment in other
places. You saw that there- yet remained most beautiful and
inviting sites and locations foi- residences where those seeking
honu-s away fi'om the din and sti-ife of a busy life could find
(piiet and peaceful homes in an intelligent and law-abiding
comnuniity. with none to molest or mak'e afi-aid.
And so to(la\-. while the manufai-tories. mills. slio]>s. stores,
schools and churches ha\'e (le[)arted. ncNcr to I'etui'n. and your
fields. inea(lo\\-s. foi-ests. i'aniis and homes, ai'e now co\-ered b\- a
44 V\^esi Bojilsfon
broad expanse of soulless. iiei'\'eless AvatiM'. there has sprung up
in the western part of your tcwn many ncAV. comfortable and
beautiful homes, inhabited by earnest, learned and cultured
people, and in this Avay. Avith the ucaa- blood, youi' poi)ulation
and your i-cvenues are increasing. There has been already a
great change in the character and quality of your residents.
This has become a beautiful residential toAvn. tlear to the towns-
people and especially attractive for those in other cities and
toAA^ns looking for a location for a home in a healthy, quiet and
attractive sulnir])an toAvn.
You haA'C proportionately excelled your sister toAvns in the
last fcAV years in the number and quality of your churches,
public buildings and private residences. Avhich lia\(^ been built
here. AVest Boylston is destined, in the years to come, to be
one of the most attractive and beautiful subui'ban toAvns in
our county.
What is the approju'iate lesson thi^ pres(Mit residents of this
toAvn should draAV from this day's (^xercises and the eelebraticni
of this centennial anruA'crsary ? We have seen the toAvn. Avith
a beginning of less than 600 jieople. groAV to more than 2.")(ii)
in eighty years, and in Avealth and material advancement, she
has equalled her growth in popnlatioii. You nun4 today a
united and prosjxM-ons people. You constitute a conspicuous
component part of a thriving and prospei-ous county and gi-cat
community. Your advancement lias been proportionate Avith
the ad\'ancement of the state and nation.
The old Puritan bb)<»d of the founders has commingled Avith
that of the ncAV comer from foreign shcu'es. Amalganial ion
has taken place here as (^Isewhere. throughout our Re})ublic.
What a radical change has takeu plac(^ in your po[)ulation. and
not only in your population, but as avcII in the trend of your
industries and development, and yet in your groAvth. ful\an-
cement and acquisitions, you have only kept step in a general
way Avith all the other communities in this great country. You
are jnslly proud of your to\\ii. \dui' stale and your country —
their inslilutions and their |>eo
OltU'
CcnlonndJ 45
One Iniiidrcd ycai's a^o today, tlicrc was hut (Uic pci'son of
foreign l)irtli in this town. Today, a majority of the iiilud)it-
ants can traee tln-ir blood to foreign countries.
History teaelies that great raees are made of the mixture of
i-aces. The hi'avest and |)Ui'rs1 Itlood of the worhl's great race
is mixed in the American, and I in no respect refer to the
marriages of American Avealth and \anity with the crowned
or uncrowned heads of the ()ld Worhl.
You are a part of the great American Republic, the grandest
country the sun shines upon. Our nation contains the most
diversified and assiniihiti\e elements that ev(M" composed a
great nation. It is the l)est k^cated. most compact and sym-
metrical of all nations. North and South of us are friends,
from whom there is nothing to fear. East and AVest. the ever-
lasting seas our bulwark, if we stop meddling Avith the islands
ami their people on the Pacific Ocean. We have risen to great-
ness as a nation nioi'c rapidly than ever did a great nation
before, and our ascendency is less endangered from without
than was ever that of any other great nation.
AVe have outrun the prophecy of our progenitors, and sur-
passed the ideals of our founders. Our people understand
each other better than they have heretofore, have more hearty
feelings of friendship and sympathy for each other. At home
and abroad, the princii)les of and the flag of the American
Union Avere never more res])ected. This is our country, of
which this state and this toA\ n compose a definite part. All this
vastly rich inhei-itance which we in common Avith f)() million
of American ])co])lc this day enjoy, has been made possible, in
large measure, by the efforts, judgment, trial, sacrifice and
suffering of the fouiidei's and defenders of this town ami other
towns throughout th.e states. mal\ing up this magnificent
country.
These are some of the thoughts Avhich come to you today,
just passing the first centemiial mile-stone. AYho can penetrate
the future to foretell Avhat shall be the hai-\'est of the next
hundi-cd years? Ts it possil)le that those who come aftei" us shall
Avitiu^ss the same deerree of advanccnuent and de\-eloMiiient that
46 TTf.vf Boylston
you have witnessed as the result of the evolutions of the last
century? Will telephones, electric ears. autom«.' ^ ■ the
thousand and one uses to which electricity has ^ ^iied.
become obsolete and out of use. and if so. what will have taken
their places?
One hundred years ago there was not a steamboat in exist-
ence and the application of steam to maehineiy was unknown.
In 1S<>7. Fulton launched the first steamboat- At that time.
there was not a single railroad in this country or any other.
The nrsr I. ..-'motive in our cotmtry was built in ISoO. The first
electric telegraph was installed in 1S43. We read in our local
. \ .ig what transpired in the countries of Europe
-r ^ : next? What can our posterity do to add to
these mighty achievements* We cannot now imagine unless
- ' utilize some aerial vehicle which will
7 _.^ _ _ space in safety, at a speed exceeding
the railroad cars, and p<^sibly the telescope will be so far per-
fected that it can be clearly •" -d just what, if anything,
is transpiring on the planets, i — — i-d stars.
But. whatever the future has in store for West Boylstou.
may those who come after res«:»lve to emulate whatever they
find ff«X!d in those who have gone before. — their courage, their
sell-denial, their indtistry and their thoughtfulness for every-
thing which works for the uplift of the town so that those who
come after you to celebrate the second centennial anniversary
of West Boylston may see around them the results of your
efforts, trophies of your energies and usefulness and may hold
yorLT names in affect: "-' ' : ' •" reverent remembrance,
which you this day s - vingly pay to the sacred
memorr of vour ancestors.
ADDRESS BY JUSTICE ARTHUR P. RUGG.
The anniversary celebration of the founding of a town is an
rveut of surpassing interest. "Age cannot wither nor custom
stale" the sentiments with which mankind regards the recur-
ring periotis v.hieh commemorate the establishment of civil
institutions and their preservation through times of darkness
and struggle. Our national birthday has always been observed
with universal rejoicing, and the memorial requiem for those
who fought and have died that " " government of the people, by
the people and for the people might not perish from the earth"
commands the hushed reverence of a reunited people. If the
day shall ever come when these national holy days no longer
hold the attention of a country of intelligent and patriotic
citizens, then will the eyes of Freedom be dimmed with tears,
and her head be shrc>uded with dread apprehensions for the
future. A people which forgets the traditions of their liberty
ceases to prize liberty at its true value. When compared with
the hoary antiquity of the cities of other countries, the oldest
of our American municipalities seem scarcely to have com-
menced a career. Not to speak of some of the remains of
oriental civilization whose history stretches back before the
beginning of the Christian era many centuries more than have
elapsed since the birth of the Saviour, there are towns in the
fatherland of England, whose recorded existence is at least
<-.^eval with the lirst of the Csesars.
But among the towns of ^Eassachusetts none have more hon-
orable or inspiring annals than that group which trace their
lineage directly or more remotely to Fair Lancaster by the
Xashaway. The oldest town in Worcester county, dating her
corporate existence from 1653. her pioneers were as resotircefi:!
and skilful and brave as anv that ever --i^ .i^i— i -^ -^'vasre
IIox. Airnii i: P. Uvcc, of \\'oi{cester
JUSTICE .SUTREJIE .ILDU lAJ. rorirr OK .MASiSAClIUSETTS
^vil(l('l•n('ss. and turned it into paths of i)leasantness and peace.
IMidMiix-liUe she i'<ise fi'oni the (h'vastation of Indian eontiagra-
tion. and renewed her strength after the horrors of massacres
l)y the I'edskins. Her first settler, John Prescott, not only
foniKh'd a township, construeted I'oads and bridges, cleared
forests, and l)uilt settlements, l)ut he estaljlished the first saw
and grist mill in the county. He was thus the prototype of the
builders of the great manufacturing industries which have been
the foundation of th(^ prosperity of this toAvn of yours and of
our great county. The modern i)hrase. Captain of Industry,
descril)es hut one of his many-sided activities. Beyond all. he
was the first citizen of tlie community in which he lived, a proud
distinction, than Avhich tliere is no title more honorable or de-
serving the grateful recognition t)f successive generations.
Lancaster has the pre-eminence among all her sisters of this
county at least, and perhaps of the entire Commonwealth, of
I)eing the mother of many towns. The process of separation
began with Harvard in 1732, and was followed closely by
liolton in 1738 and Leominster in 1740. Then after an inter-
val of nearly half a century, out of her ample boundaries was
carved Sterling in 1781 and Boylston in 1786. whih_^ in 1762
and 1781 small parcels were set off to Shrewsbury. In 1850
Clinton claimed for the hitest townsliip a tract small in area.
l)ut large and still growing in manufacturing industry. In
1784 Berlin was incorporated. oAving a large part of her ter-
ritory to what had l)een taken from Lancaster by Bolton, and
when you became a township in 1808. far the larger share of
your broad acres canu^ from Sterling and Boylston. themselves
daughters of Lancaster. On(» of your representatives, there-
fore, once appropriately described your t(»wn a grand-daughter
of Lancaster. Nine towns trace their lineage to Lancaster. In
the circle of municipalities owing filial fealty to this beautiful
mot her of toAvns. AVest lioylston has her honorable place. It
is a group remarkable not alone in inunbers. but in all those
elements which go to uiak'e the sti'ength and i)urity of com-
iiiunities and endui'ing ])ower and x'ii-ility of states.
50 ^y('st Doijlsion
In your town, as well as in all the others, the standard of
citizenship has been high. Corruption has never blistered the
walls of your municipal buildings, nor has graft gained nor
ever attempted to secure a foothold in your administration.
West Boylston, in common with the other Lancastrian towns,
has illustrated the honesty and efficiency of town meeting gov-
ernment. AVe of New England birth and ancestry and training
sometimes forget the incalculalile debt we owe to the town
meeting. It is peculiarly a New England institution. AVhile
it is i)ossible to find a few of its distinctive features in the Parish
of the sixteenth century in England, or searching further into
history to discover some of its principles described by Tacitus
in his Germania, these are but semblances. All systems of
government have certain elements in common. Local self-
government is one of the characteristics of the Teutonic race.
The Saxons carried the spirit of it with them when they emig-
rated from the banks of the Elbe to the downs of England.
They kept it alive through the eleven centuries Avhicli inter-
vened before the landing at Plymouth Rock. It was bred into
the bone and sinew of the true-hearted and hard-headed com-
panions of "Winthrop and Endicott. But the town meeting is
a birth of New" England soil. It is indigenous here, and not
transplanted from any foreign soil. Under its beneficent
training the places of prominence have fallen to those who
deserved them. The only greatness it has recognized has l)een
that achieved by earnest and honest effort.
In the town meeting were discussed the fundamental human
rights which led to the separation from the mother country.
Here were developed and formulated those principles of civil
and religious liberty upon which our nation is founded. It
was the town meeting which made the revolution. But for
the training in political thinking and the discussions of the
work of the committees of correspondence in these assemblies,
the people of New England would not have responded to the
appeals of Adams and "Warren. Nay, more — such leaders
were the fruit of the town meeting. Their keenness, sagacity,
breadth of comprehension and soundness of .indgnient conld
Centennial SI
have been 1)red in no other arena. So it has been all through
the years of your life as a town. The ignorant have been
educated in affairs of government in the forum of the town
meeting. AYhenever there has been a crisis in state or nation
your people have been true to their training and have respond-
ed bravely to the highest duties of citizenship.
The patriotism of your citizens in the war for the preser-
vation of the Union is attested by the example of one of your
adopted sons. Sergeant Thomas Plunket, "who" (to use the
eloquent phrase of Senator Hoar) "gave both arms to save,
the flag of the country he loved, and whose stout and constant
heart has never yet regretted the sacrifice." Civic philistinism
in larger communities has been rebuked by the purity of your
government.
Education in free public schools has been one of the corner
stones of our ideal of government, and worship of God accord-
ing to the dictates of the individual conscience has been the
other. Your history shows that you have been true to this
ideal. The country town in all its history has shown the spirit
of charity, Avliich can cope with the larger questions of humane
service in congested centres of population. The memory of each
(me of us calls to mind a farmer's wife, carried on the ox sled
through drifting snow, to minister to the suffering neighbor,
with no thought save to relieve distress. More than one such
lived in every school district of our childhood, and she trod
close to the footsteps of the Master. Let this example be fol-
lowed throughout the length and breadth of the land, and the
social evils of our time will cease to loom so large on the
horizon.
But the last decade has brought changes in the conditions
of life in the country towns undreamed of twenty years ago.
The rural free delivery, the local telephone, the trolley car
and the auto' have made a revolution in the surroundings of
those who live outside the cities. The progress of science and
of inventive genius have accomplished more in the last ten
years than in the preceding half century, to make life in the
country attractive to the mass of people.
52 Wc^t Jiojilsfon
Not long ago there was mncli discussion tou('hiii<i' the de-
l)letioii in popidatioii of the fannintj' eonmnmities. Tiiat
problem has been solved l)y the march of industrial develop-
ment. He would be l)old indeed who should undertake to point
out the path of progress for the country town for tlie next
hundred years. AVe know that the past is secure. You have a
noble record as an inspiration for the future. Whatever may
be the particular manifestation of ])ul)lic service, you will not
be true to your traditions if you do not in the coming century
as you have in the past, furnish the highest exam[)l(' of efficient
self-government and to other cities and towns of the county
no])le types of W(unanhood and manhood. Neither a man nor
a toAvn can live on the attainments of the past. Unremitting,
intelligent effort is the essential condition of usefulness. "They
must upward still and onward Avho would keep abreast of
Truth". This centeiniial observance, with its wealth of historic
memories and complimentary phrase, is but an incentive toward
richer achievement for the future.
]\Iay your second century of life as a town be radiant with
the wealth of the education, religion and patriotism of all
your peoi)le.
Justice Rugg's address was followed by the "Shadow song,"
from ''Dinorah." by Airs. Jennie Crocker Follett of Boston.
County commissioner AVarren Goodale of Clinton, spoke,
taking for his subject. "The district school."
Air. Goodale gave a sketch of the founding and growth of
the schools and of the district system, showing the gradual
development that has resulted in the present excellent system
and facilities. Six-aking of the disti'ict school he said: —
L&^^^
ADDRESS BY WARREN GOODALE,
COUNTY COMMISSIONER.
District scliool (lays; wore not those the days when the
younger hoys suffered as today at the hands of the ohh'r. when
faces were washed in snow, when we were cautioned hy our
mothers to hurry to school, with hands in thick mittiMis and
ears tied up with a tipjiet. hooks and slate in one hand, dinner
pail and sled dragging along in the other, oft' to school.
How some hoy with frozen ears would he seen ruhhing them
with snow, thawing them out. Wiu^i at recess or noon, soon
as our dinners were eaten, we tund)led into our sleds for a
coasting trip down some nearhy hill, or hastened to some pond
for skating. AVhen toes Avere chilled, from skate straps too
tight, and some fellow got wet and had to liasten home for
dry clotlies. from skating over thin ice.
AVhen snowltalls were soaked with Avater and laid over night
to freeze, for our adversaries. \\'h('n on the opening day of
the school there was a grand rush for seats, and how some
would force an early entrance to the schoolroom the night or
day hefore and take possession of the choicest and hest.
AVhen somehody's frozen ink hottle was placed too near the
hot stove and ink flew here and there regardless — and. O, that
vision of ink hotth's around the stove on Avriting day! Ink
has always been a great factor in school life. Those were the
days when water was i)assed and all drank from the same
dipper without a thought of germs. When a thrashing was
in order, to interfere with another hoy's things in liis desk.
Wlien caught whispering to stand on the tlooi-; missed in
spelling, to he sent to one's seat; failed in aritlunetic to stay
54 Vi'esi Boylston
after school : saucy and impudent to the teacher, feruled on
the hand, dose in proportion to the amount of tears and blub-
bering.
The old stove, about which chattering jaws, cold feet and
hands gathered. AYheu at the end of the term we received
our cards and booklets, the gift of the teacher for merits won.
"When the tack or pin incident sent many a boy home, or
to the prudential committeeman.
AYhen spelling was one of the greatest accomplishments, and
to defeat some pupil the teacher must resort to the dictionary
for words.
The winter spelling school, with every scholar liringing a
lantern to illuminate the schoolroom.
"When were played four old cat-collie over. puss, puss in the
corner, fox and geese, barn tick, snap the whip and other old-
fashioned games.
AYhen the boys sat on the east side of the schoolroom and
the girls on the west. "When it was a misdemeanor for either
sex when entering or leaving the school to pass through any
but their respective doors.
When teachers assigned seats adapted to the size of the
scholars, without regard to classes
]\Ir. Goodale gave a list of those who served as school com-
mitteemen between 1840 and 1870. He then said:
"I am now going to call the roll of some of the good boys
and girls who went to school and were neither absent nor tardy,
and some who were so good that they did not whisper for a
whole term ; and as I call this roll I wish, if there are any here
today they would answer the roll-call with a good, strong
"Here!"
Of a list of about 300 names read by :\Ir. Goodale. the fol-
lowing answered : Susan A. Murdock. Eddie A. ]\lurdock. Ed-
ward F. Merriam, Mrs. Edward A. Cowee, Frank H. Baldwin,
Mrs. :\Iattie Houghton, Hon. EdAvard A. Cowee. :\Irs. Aaron
Goodale and County commissioner "Warren Goodale.
Henry F. Harris of "Worcester, a native of "West Boylston,
and for most of his life a resident here, made an address, in
CcnfrnnUil 55
which he spoke (tf men of business ability and energy who had
estal)lished industries in the town that have contributed hirgely
to its prosperity and progress.
]Mr. Harris' remarks were followed by a song l)y ^Irs. Guck-
enberger.
Hon. Edw;ii-d A. C'owee. one of the natives of AYest Bovlston,
in a happy vein, recalled some of his early experiences in the
town when a boy. His remarks were of a personal nature, and
he brought to mind many of the old scenes, names, faces and
incidents of the time when he -was a boy.
Mr. Cowee recalbnl the fact that Ruel G. Cowee. his grand-
father. Avas the iirst man in the state to ship a carload of corn
from Chicago.
Mrs. Follett sang '':\rattinata". "Cradle song" and "April
morn.''
John S. Lynch of Boston, a native of the town, and one of
the first graduates of the high school, made a short speech, in
Mliich he referred in pleasing vein to his life in West Boylston
and liis cherished memories of the days he passed there.
Remarks l)y AValter D. Ross and Louis Cutting, both of
AV(n"cester. and both natives of the town, were the last speakers
of the afternoon.
These occupied seats on the platform: AValter D. Ross.
AVoreester: John i~>. Lynch. Boston: Henry F. Harris. Wor-
cester: Hon. John R. Thayer. AVorcester; Justice Arthur P.
Rugg. AVorcester; County Commissioner AA'arren Goodale,
Clinton : and Roger AI. Lovell. Rev. Ernest A. Royal. Leon A.
Goodale. AA". B. AYood. Daniel S. Lynch. AValter E. Chapman,
AYarren E. Gammell. all of AYest Boylston. and Hon. Edward
A. Cowee and Louis Cutting of AA'orcester.
For the evening entertainment the chief feature was a
grand concert and the centennial ball. Straehan's 9th regiment
orchestra of Boston played for the concert and the dancing.
The march was led l)y tloor manager and AH's. AA". B. AYood,
and dance orders wei'e distributed by AListers Dwight AI. Gocul-
ale and Tracv S. AVood.
CeNTEN NIAL
Ball
OF THE TOW N O F
West Boylston
THURSDAY EVENING
JANUARY 30th. 1908
TOWN HALL
/EST BOVLSTON : : MASSACHUSETTS
Concert Programme
FROM 8 TO 9 O'CLOCK
1. MARCH— "The Fightins Ninth" Snacluui
2. OVERTURE— "Poet and Peasant ' Sitpp,-
3. SELECTION— "Red Mill" He)be>i
4. CORNET SOLO Mr. Ernest S. Williams
5. MEDLEY SELECTION— "School Days'
6. FINALE — "American Republic
F.cl -wards
Thirle
Strachan's 9th Regiment Orchestra
of Boston Eight Pieces
Centennial Committee
W. B. Wood
lyeon A Goodale
Daniel A. L.vnch
Warren E. Cammell
Walter E. Chapman
Floor Director
W. B. Wood
Al DS
Daniel A. Lynch
William E- Storms
Carleton A. Cook
Arthur Ward
Walter E. Chapman
Myron D. Potter
Joseph H. Cavanaugh
Dr. H. W. Trask
William J. McGinnis H. Fay Baldwin
Arthur H. Sawyer
Reception Committee
Frank H. Baldwin
John S. Lynch D. Frank Frescott
W. Clifford Scarlett Charles C. Landy
Parker M. Banning D. Clifford Lord
Harry E. Lowe Walter G. Boynton
ORDER OF DANCES
C RAN D MARCH
I. WALTZ One Hundred Years Ago
2.
QUADRILLE
Maj. Erza Beaman
3.
TWO-STEP
Our Former Citizens
4.
PORTLAND FANCY
The Old Valley
5.
WALTZ
Our Mother Towns
6.
OUARDRILLE
Robert B. Thomas
7.
TWO-STEP
G. A. R.
8.
WALTZ— German
The Ladies
9.
QUADRILLE
Benjamin F. Keyes
10.
SCHOTTISCHE
Our Visiting Friends
11.
CONTRA
Sergeant Plunkett
12, WALTZ
Our Silent Water Wheels
'3s£^^
A MEMOIR OF ROBERT BAILEY THOMAS.
WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.
(This narrative was started in tlie Almanac of ]S;>8 and continued
through several succeeding nuniliers.)
My grandfather, William Thomas, was a native of Wales, (Eng.) and
l)orn there of an ojiulent family, and received a liberal education, at
Christ's College, Cambridge. It seems he emigrated to this country,
somewhere about the year 171S. Tradition says, he with other brothers
came first to Stonington, Conn.; of this, I shall not undertake to say;
it is well known that he came to Marlborough, (Mass.) sometime about
the year 1720, and married Lydia Eager, a daughter of a respectable
farmer of Shrewsbury, and resided in Marlborough until he died in 1733.
Two years after which, my grandmother died. He had two sons and four
daughters. My father. William, was the eldest son, who w^as born in
Marlborough, March 17:2."); he losing his i)arents at so tender an age,
had but a very imi)erfect recollection of them. After his mother's
death, he went to Shrewsbury to live with his grandmother Eager; where,
and at Jonas Morse's of Mai Ibordugh, he resided some years. He attend-
ed the town school in the winter, the limited time it k'ept. Being of a
studious turn of mind, and fond of reading, he purchased numy books,
and soon became quite a scliolar for those days. In the year 1744, he
commenced school keeping at Brookfield, at the age of 19 years, which
he followed winters. nu)re or less for upward of forty years. The same
year, commenced in llardwiclv, being the first school master in that town.
In April 1747, he left this country for England, to obtain a patrimony
justly belonging to his father in Wales. And on the 8th of May, in
going north about was taken by a French privateer out of Dunkirk,
and stripped of all. Afterwards w^as ransomed, and arrived at Boston
in October. In August 1749, he made another voyage to London, where
he stayed sometime, and visited Wales, with the expectaticm of obtain-
ing the right of inheritance, but was unsuccessful, on account of the
lai)se of time since my grandfather left Whales.
■y-
Centennial 59
It would be (lilliciilt. not lo say impossible, to follow step by step
his various avocations and employments for a j^eriod of 14 years; I
would merely reniark, in this time he received a lieutenant's commission
in the army, not pleased with a soldier's life, he left the army, and
followed his former avocation at intervals, of school keeping, and as
an assistant in a store, and finally, went into a small way of trade
himself, until tlio year 1 7(i4, wlion ho bought a small farm situated in
tiie north parisli in Slivcwslinry. In 176.") he married Azubah Goodale,
daughter of Joseph Coodale, a respectable farmer of the town of Grafton;
at whose house, the subject of these memoirs w^as born, April 24th, 1766.
I removed with my parents, while quite an infant, from Grafton to
the farm in Shrewsbury, north ])arish, now West Boylston. The farm
was situated in that district then locally known l)y the name of
Shrewsbury-leg.* (It is rather paradoxical, but no less a fact, that I
have resided in four incori)orated towns, and two distinct parishes, and
one precinct, yet never moved from the same farm.)
I had one brother only, born .Tune 1768, named Aaion. We were the
only children my father ever had. In our youth we were brought up to
farming. Our father, who was thought to be quite a scholar for those
days, instructed us at home, and sent us to the winter school. I had,
when a boy, more of a mechanical than a literary turn of mind, though
my father never indulged me much in it, wishing, rather, as he said,
to make me a scholar, giving me tlie offer of a lilieral education, which
I foolishly declined. In 1781, I lost my mother, who died in an apoplectic
fit. She was naturally of a feeble constitution. My father married, the
second time, Esther Whitney, a maiden lady, in 178-, but had no issue.
In the winter of 1783-4, my father sent me to Spencer, with Major
E. Beaman 's two sons, to improve my hand in penmanshij), (which he
was very fond of.) with Dr. 1. Allen, who, at that time, wrote the most
superior and beautiful copy hand of any person in the country. I boarded
with him at Mr. J. Stebbing's; and when his term was out, I followed
him to Sterling, and continued with him till April, and much im]iroved
my handwriting. The succeeding winter, T was agreeably and closely
occupied in the study of arithmetic, under my father's inspection, who
was w^ell versed in this science, but had never before allowed me to pay
it any attention, saying he could "learn me figures at any time."
My father was a great reader, and ]iossessed a larger miscellaneous
library than was generally to be met with in a country town; of conse-
quence, I sjient most of my leisure hours in reading. Among many
scientific works, no one engrossed more of my attention than l^'erguson 's
*This strip of land, usually called Shrewsbury-leg, was united to Lancaster, second
parish, by an act of incorporation, February, ITfiS. And in 1781, said parisli was incor-
porated into a town, by tlie name of Sterling. In 179(i, certain inliabitants of Boylston,
Sterling, and Holden, obtaineci an act to form themselves into a precinct, by the name
of the Second Parish in Boylston, Sterling, and Holden; ami, in 1808, thev obtained an
act of incorporation by the name of West Boylston.
60 Wesi Boylston
Astronomy, from which 1 derived much jileasure and satisfaction, from
the plain and familiar manner in which he treated the subject; and
from the pleasing study of this work, I first imbibed the idea of calcu-
lating an almanack. Previoush% I had made a number of calculations of
new and full moon, and taken out the elements, and projected several
eclipses, but found it impracticable to make all the necessary calcula-
tions for an almanack. In 1786, I had an application to keep school,
in my native town, in the Fairbank district, so called. I kept out the
town 's money, satisfactorily, I believe, (though many of my scholars
were older than myself,) and engaged to keep three or four weeks more,
by subscription. I boarded principally at Deacon Israel Moor's, and
agreed to go about in the district. 1 returned home in April, and worked
on the farm through the summer. In the succeeding winter, I attended
a singing school, under the instruction of a Mr. Manning, in the town of
Sterling.
In the fall of 1787, I had an invitation to keep school in the westerly
part of Princeton, near the house of Eichard Baxter, with whom I
boarded, he being a sober, worthy man. I continued in the school until
the first of April, 1788, embracing a term of three months or more, when
I returned to my father's in Sterling and continued on the farm through
the summer, alternately studying and laboring on the farm. In the
fall of the same year I was applied to, to keep school in the easterly
part of Sterling. The school house was located on the old road leading
from Sterling to Lancaster, and near the house of Dr. J. Barnard, in
whose family I boarded very agreeably, he having rather a facetious turn
of mind; his familj^ of children being young and sprightly, I si)ent one
of the pleasantest winters of my life.
In April 1789, I returned to my father's and pursued my favourite
study of astronomy, occasionally laboring on the farm, and busying
myself with book-binding which business I had been partially fond of
for years — binding up manuscripts and account books, and repairing other
old books, for m_y neighbours.
T found, with all my reading, the want of a }>ractical knowledge of
the calculations of an Almanack, which I could not obtain by reading —
this was my hobby. In September I made a journey into Vermont, to
see the then famous Dr. S. Sternes, who for many years calculated
Isaiah Thomas' Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hamp-
shire and Vermont Almanack, but failed of seeing him. I passed through
the towns of Athol and Warwick; in the latter, I had two uncles on
my mother's side then living, and in the former, an aunt, whom I visited.
The ensuing winter I agreed to keep school in Boylston, (now West
Boylston) near my place of residence. But the district disagreed, respect-
ing the price of my services, as they could have another teacher for a
little more than half what I asked them. It was however, agreed that I
should begin and kec]! one half the nuiney, and the other should close,
Cciitonnal
61
wliieh terminated soon after i left, the other kept IniT about two weeks,
when all his scholars left him. F l)oar(led iu Cajjt. ,1. Bigelow's family
near the school-house. At the tin.e I engaged at Boylston, I agreed to
open a school in Sterling in the district known by the name of Square-
shire: where I oi)ened the next day after leaving Boylston; my school
here was very numerous and a large pro])ortion of them men and women
grown — my school went on in the full tide of success for a few weeks,
when all at once tiie whole school was taken down with the measles, and
was dismissed.
I pursued ni\- former avocations throujili tlie sunnuer. in tlie course
of the season 1 agreed with X. ('overly, a }irinter in Boston, to print
for me 1000 of Perry's Spelling Book (being used exclusively in this
section of the state) which I bound up. and other school books, and
commenced Bookseller. There being Init few books in the country, I
found a good sale, to the storekeepers, schoolmasters, &c. Some time in
the fall, I called on Mr. Isaiah Thon.as of Worcester, (no relation of
mine, as I know of,) to purchase KM) of his Alnuuiacks in sheets, but
he refused to let me have them, saying he did not sell in sheets only to
those of the trade. I confess I was mortified, and came home with a
determination to have an Almanack of my own. I very well knew, that
there were many things in his, that were not generally approved of, and
which I knew I could remedy.
In the fall of the year 1790, I had a jiressing invitation, by one of
the committee, D. Goodale, to keep school in Boylston, the same district
in which I kept the winter previous; it seemed they had become recon-
ciled to the price I had asked, as he made no ado, as heretofore, about it.
I comuiienced my school sometime in the month of December, and con
tinned it through the winter. I now boarded with Mr. T. Keyes, a man
of steady habits and good character. His wife was a very pleasant
and agreeable woman; the family was small, having an only daughter
and the two youngest sons at home, excepting an adopted daughter, who
was a niece of Mrs. Keyes'; they being young and social, I enjoyed
(piite a pleasant winter.
In the spring of 1791, 1 returned home to my father's and pursued
book-binding, except a few weeks in hay time, when I assisted in hay-
making. Early in the fall I had several applications to keep school,
but 1 gave no encouragement to any applicant, till at last ('apt. E.
Allen, one of the school committee iu the north-east jiart of Princeton,
who was very solicitous to have me keep school in their district, and, to
accommodate me, agreed to postpone the school until the first of January,
1792; at which time T commenced Uiy school, and at first boarded with J,
Beanian for six or seven weeks.* I then agreed to continue the school
*He married, November 17, 1803, Hannah Beaman at the house of Phinehas Beaman
of Princeton. Probably the daughter of Phinehas and Hannah (Buss) Beaman.
.* m
t^»w*-*>.«
62 V^cHi Boylston
in ;i more easterly part of the district, near Capt. Allen's, and to board
with him.* Capt. Allen was a man of strong passions, though humane
and affable in his family; he sustained the office of deputy-sheriff while
I was in his family, and had for many years previous, with reputation —
was kind, it was said, and an obliging neighbour. Mrs. Allen and the
family were friendly and agreeable. I continued the school for five or
six weeks longer; and cultivated quite an acquaintance with the young
people of the place, often visiting at their houses, and spending many
a social evening. And while I resided here I formed an acquaintance in
a family, of which, some years afterwards, I married one of the daughters.
At the close of the town school, Mr. A. Herington engaged me to keep
a private school in his house for some weeks, for the benefit of his son
and two daughters. After finishing n.y school, I returned to my father's
sometime in April, with a full determination never to resume it again.
The business never was very congenial to my feelings; I had pursued
it for want of some better employment. I had now made up my mind
to follow the binding business, there being a call from Boston and other
places at this time for binding. My brother, whose health was not good,
concluded to go into business with me; we contracted with a carpenter
to build us a bindery and store adjoining, in the course of the following
summer, near my father's; prior to which we had carried it on in a
chamber in our father's dwelling house. Still I could not relinquish the
idea of publishing an Almanack of my own. The last of June or the
first of July 1792, I went to Boston and agreed with Osgood Carlton, then
a teacher of mathematics in Boston, to instruct me in astronomy, so far
as related to the practical part of calculating an almanack; which he
readily consented to do, for a stipulated consideration.
I continued at Mr. Carlton's school, kept in an unfinished building
in Merchant's Eow, till the latter part of August, and made all the
calculations for an Almanack for the year 1793, being my first numbsr.
Before T left town, I disposed of my copy to two young printers, long
since deceased — Joseph Belknap and Thomas Hall — for a certain per
centage on all those that should be sold; which, with a very trifling
exception, has continued ever since though the copy-right has been repeat-
edly transferred. While at Mr. Carlton's school, I boarded in Milk
street, with J. Allen, a Scotchman. Ilis wife was a young Englishwom'an,
with whom I enjoyed many a social hour; Mr. Allen was bred a gardener
in Scotland, and at this time had the sole care of the then noted Lady
Hayley's garden, sitiuited on Pemberton TTill, later the estate of G. Creen,
but now entirelv eradicated.
*At this time, the noted Sam. Frost, whose singuhir gestures and odd motions
attracted so much notice, supposed by many to be an idiot, lived with Capt. Allen, whom
Frost afterwards, in July, 1793, murdered by striking him with a lioe on the back of his
head, while he was stooping, setting plants. He was taken, tried, condemned, and
executed at Worcester.
He had killed his father some years previous, with a stake from the fence. He was
then tried for murder, but was acquitted on account of insanity.
('ciifcmnal 63
Mr. Thdinas avjis elected the tiist Town Clerk of West
Boylston. Served as Selectman antl was for three years Chair-
man of the l>oard. also sei-ved the town as Assessor and as
]\loderatt)r.
For five years he i-epresented the district in the General
Court, and was a Uelejiate to the State Convention in 1820,
for revising the Constitution of ]\Iassachnsetts.
Mr. Thomas died in West Boylston May 10. 184(), and, with
his wife. Avho died Septenilx'r 28. 18-35, is buried in the Leg
Cemeterv. Sterling.
CEXTEXXIAL
CELEBRATION
OF THE TOWN OF
WTST BOVLSTOX
AL\SSACHUSFTTS
THURSDAY, JULY 16. 1908
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Aaro^; (tOodai.k. Chairman op" Selectmen Hon. John R. Thayer
("OXORE.S.SMAN ("HAKLES G. WaSHBLRX MaVOR JaXIES L()(iAX OF WoRCESTEK
^4jJ«4*— *
T. Frank Hickey
t llAUniAN OK THE SEI.PXTMEX OE SHREWSIURY
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION.
Tlic luoniiiig of tli(^ sixteenth (»f July nshered in an ideal
summer day ; the cooling shower during the night before
having cleared the atmosphere and the pealing of the bells at
six of the clock ; also the firing of a salute of one hundred
guns, stirred the villagers to a high sense of the importance
of the occasion, and many of them were in the early part
of the day kept actively engaged in greeting old friends,
acquaintances and relatives who came to enjoy, with the
people of West Boylston. the festivities of the day.
There was a little delay in mustering the players to form
the rival clubs for a game of ball which was played on the
Goodale field ; some of the old-timers at the bat evoking
considerable applause as they gave evidence of their former
skill in twirling the ball and SAvinging the bat.
The contesting clubs for the ball game were made up as
follows: West Boylston A. A., who were the winners. Ryan,
Potter, Marsh, Day, J. i\r. :\IcQuillan. Fearigo. ^IcCurdy.
Snow. Howe and Ivory.
Old Timers. J. McQuillan. Jr.. J. Bcllcvue. J. .Mc(^)nillan. Sr..
^larsalis. iMallett, Murphy, St. Onge. 0 'Toole and (\ Bellevue.
Next in order came the Coaching Parade. Some of the parti-
cipants started from Oakdale and then proceeded to the High
School, where the line was formed headed l\v Strachan's f)th
Regiment Band of Boston. The route was then by the way of
Crescent. Central and AVorcester Streets to ^Maple Street, thence
countermai'ching to the Cominon. where the route was con-
tiinied down Worcestei- Street to ]*rospect Sti'cet. U]) Prospect
St reel to .Xcwton. and thence out Xewton Street to the Com-
4> ^^^f^
Uakdale Lauies
V '
West Boylsto.n IIkjii Sciiooi,
('riifcniiial 69
iiKMi. Avlici'c t he Jnducs. Harry W". Smith of Worccsl ci'. Warren
Goodale of Clinton, and Louis .M. llanff of JJutland. awarded
prizes foi' llic most attractive (Miiiipa^'c
For the liest 4 and (Miorse float oi' decorated coach, brake
or drag, Lst prize of .+20 was given to Senator p]. A. Cowee,
of Worcester. avIio had a (i-hoi'se stage coach decorated in
yellow and white with Senator Cowee driving. Second prize,
$10. was given to the Oakdale ladies, who had a 4-horse stage
coach decorated in piid\ and white. Third prize, $5, Ladies'
■Tiide]iendent Relief ('orps. of AVest Boylston. who had a 4-horse
float decorated in hhie and white.
For the best decorated Hoat or coacdi. 2 horses: Fii-st prize,
$1."). to The .^^aples, of AVest Boylston. a laui-el decorated
coach; 2nd prize, $10, to West Boylston lieading (Uub, in
white Hoat. trimmed with green ; 8rd jn-ize. $5, to a lanrel-
decorated barge from The ^laples. of Oakdale.
For best decorated 1-horse float : First prize to the sopho-
mores of W^est Boylston high scdiool. who had a float decorated
in red and white.
Foi' best decorated Idioi'se c()a(di or hit(di : First prize. $10.
to Miss Josie Wihler. of Stei'ling. in a butterfly surrey decor-
ated in piidv and wliite; 2nd prize. .Mrs. .Alyron I). Potter, of
AVest Boylston, in an nmbrella ])ha?ton decorated in green and
white .'^rd pi'ize. Miss ILden E. 3Iixter, of AVest Boylston,
in an nmbrella plueton decorated in pink and white.
Foi- the handsomest 2-horse hitch not decorated: F. W.
Blancdiai'd. of Worcestei'.
Foi' the handsomest 1-horse liitch not decoi-atiMl : ^Mrs. F. N.
Goddard. of Princeton.
For the handsomest horse and trappings ridden by a lady:
First prize, Aliss Alary E. Ivobbins. of West Boylston; 2nd
prize. Miss Blanche E. Kobbins. of West Ijoylston.
For the handsomest horse and trappings I'idden by a man:
First prize. Dr. AVarren S. Thayei'. of Worcester.
P^or the Arm or coinpany making the biggest and most
attractive ad\ ci't ising display: Ivoss Bros., of Worcester.
Mi.s.s Mak.iorie Cowee
•'«• •VJiW-
WKST I'.dVI.SKiN KEAIlIXCi ("LUIS
Cenfoinidl 71
For tlir most iKH'i'ihlc lookiim team: A. J. Scarlett, Jr., of
West Boy] si on.
Special prizes :
Hon. C'hai'les (t. Washburn, of Worcester, made a special
award of thi'ee ])rizes as follows :
First, to E. P. Rice. motluM' and sistei-. of Sterling Junction,
who appeared in a pink and white suri-ev; 2nd. to the AVor-
cester County training school, for a green and wliite carryall;
8rd. to Charles L. Tupper, of AVorcester. for a pink and white
depot-cart.
Mr. Harry AV. Smith awarded a special i)rize to Aliss ^larjorie
CoM-ee. for tlie best appearing tandem-team.
Hon. E. A. Cowee also awarded a special prize to Tracy S.
AVood. of AVest Boylston, for the smartest pony-t(^am.
Other participants in the coaching parade, aside from the
prize Avinners and those of wliom xicws ai'e given, were:
Carriage containing Albci-t W. Minds, ("luiii'nian Kece])tion
Connnitte(\ with Aiajoi- h-a A'a\igliii and .Major IMiilip S. Sears
of the GrO\('rnoi'"s Stalt'. r('])i'('scnting the State.
Carriage i-ontaininu' Ihc ( '(MitiMinial ( 'oininitlcc and teams of
D. A. Putnam. Worcestiu": .Mi's, .lames Allen. Sterling; Airs.
Albei-t Al. Tyler. Oahdale. and .Mrs. Ai-thur II. Sawyer. AA'est
Boylston.
The vi(MVs selected of the Coaching Parade \\-ei'e chosen, not
because they wei'e prize winners alone, but on ac<-ount of the
• piality of the \iews and the fact that they seemed io best repre-
sent the e\"(Mit.
At noon, dinnei' Avas served in the dining tent, while the
invited guests Avere entertained at The Alaph^s.
Mrs. Ai.MiitA K. Kice and Familv
The Maple
6.00
A.
M.
8.30
A.
M.
10.30
A.
M.
Centennial 73
Programme.
SALUTE AND KJNGING OF BELLS.
BALL CAME. Goodale's Field.
COACHING PARADE.
1 Four or Six-IIorse Float or Decorated Coach, Brake or
Drag.
2 Decorated Float or Coach (Two-Horse).
3 Decorated Float or Coach (One-Horse).
4 Handsomest Two-Horse Hitch, not decorated,
■l Handsomest One-Horse Hitch, not decorated.
6 Handsomest Jlorse and Trappings. Ridden by a Lady.
7 Handsomest Horse and Trappings, Ridden by a Gentle-
man.
8 Firm or Company making the Biggest and Most Attract-
ive Advertising Display.
9 Most Horrible Looldng Team.
12 M. DINNER. Served on the Grounds by the Ideal Lunch
Co., of Worcester.
1.30 P. M. AFTERNOON EXERCISES.
PRAYER, - - - Rev. George H. Cummings
ADDRESS OF WELCOME, - Warren E. Gammell
HISTORICAL ADDRESS, - - Leon A. Goodale
ADDRESS, - - - . Hon. Herbert Parker
3.00 P. M. BAND CONCERT,
CONCERT PROGRAMME.
: MARCH— "Col. Donovan." - ... Strachan
2 OVERTURE— "Poet and Peasant," - - - Suppe
3 SELECTION— " Red Mill," .... Herbert
■i CORNET SOLO— "Cliftonian Polka," - - Williams
Mr. Ernest S. Williams.
.5 MEDLEY SELECTION— " IHts of New York," - Helf
6 CONCERT WALTZ— "Golden Sunset," - - Hall
7 AMERICAN FANTASIA— "North and South," - Bendix
S FINALE— "National Emblem," .... Bagley
SPORTS
1 Tug of War between Oakdale and West Boylstou. 8 men on a side.
Best 2 out of :!.
2 Running High .Tuni|i.
3 Ega' Race. WdiiuMi o\er 18 vears.
Tracy 8. AVoon
Miss Hklkx E. Mixter
M. 1'ai;ki:k Hannixc;
Centennial 75
4 100-yai-(l I):isli. Koys uii.ler Ki.
~i 3-Legged Eace.
6 Fat Man 's Race. 50 yards.
7 100-yard Dash.
8 Tug of War between Oakdalc and West Boylston Boys under 16
years. 12 on a side.
9 Potato Race. Girls under 1(J.
10 Running Broad .lumii.
11 Sack Race, "id yards. Sack to be not over 3 feet wide, to tie around
the necl\ and to lie furnished liy contestants.
12 Half-n.ile Run. Handicap.
13 Catch the Greased Pig.
EVENING.
8.00 P. :\r. BAND CONGE Wr AND JLLUMIXATIOX.
EVENING CONCERT.
1 MARCH— "The Fighting Ninth," - - Strachan
2 SELECTION— "O 'Neil of Derry. " - Chauncy Olcott
3 XYLOPHONE SOLO— "The Elks," - - - Snow
Mr. Harry F. Cade.
4 MEDLEY OVERTURE— "Remick No. 5," - - Remiek
.1 IXTERMEZZO— "Ivanhoe." - - - Van Alstine
(i SELECTrON—"Fifty Miles from Boston." - - Cohen
7 COMIQUE— "The Two Thomas Cats," - - - Clark
8 FINALE— "Our Commander." - - - R. B. Hall
Auld Lan"- Svne.
CHIEF MARSHAL
Frank 11. Baldwin
AIDS
Harry E. Lowe W. Clifford Scarlett
.Myr(.n D. Potter Oscar Burns
Harry \Y. Trask Aaron Goodale, .Ir.
SPORTS COMMITTEE
Edward A. Waters
Walter G. Boynton Frederick R. Ivory
HISTORICAL LOAN EXHIBIT COMMITTEE
Albert ^Y. Hinds
KlJa L. Sawyer .Mary L. Waite
Warren E. (iamniell D. Frank Prescott
Luna F. Parker
Centenmal 77
RECEPTION COMMITTEE
Albert W. Ilimls
Aaidii (ioodale Waldo B. Howe
(ieoigo W. Reed George D. Lawrence
Joseph M. Lord Charles II. Baldwin
G. Harvey Keyes Thomas Lyiu-h
William P. Chase Harry E. Lowe
.leieiiiiali Fisher Albert B. Pierce
'riidiiias W. Shepard George F. Keyes
Edward Lovell W. M. Huntington
( harles R. Huntley Edward A. Newton
William C. Pierce Bernard F. Moran
M. I'arker Banning Robert W. Morrill
George A. Barker Franklin Sargent
William C. Oveiiden Arthur Ward
USHERS
Frank H. Baldwin
William T. lldlmes Arthur H. Sawyer
Arthur L. Bosworth Carleton A. Cook
William .1. Burns George M. Lawrence
Charles AV. Reed Edward Bond
Joseph H. Cavanaugh Archibald R. Davis
AFTERNOON EXERCISES.
The afterniion exercises were held in the huge tent erected for the
occasion on the common. INir. W. B. Wooil, chairman of the Centennial
< 'nmmittee. presiding.
Those occupying seats on the platform: Maj. Ira A'aughn, Maj. Philip
S. Sears, of Boston, both members of the Governor's Staff; Congressman
Charles G. AVashburn, Mayor James Logan, Justice Arthur P. Rugg, Hon.
Jidiu R. Thayer, Louis Cutting, John AV. Sheehan. AValtcr D. Ross, David
A. Alatthews, of Worcester; Hon. Henry O. Sawyer, of I'itchburg; AVarren
Goodale, Chairnum of the <'ounty (.'oiuniissionei s, of ('linton; George L.
Wright, of Boylston; George F. Pjuttrick. of Sterling; J. Wintlirop Holt, of
Holden; Select iiicu .\ar(ui (ioodale and Walter E. Cha]iman; Albert
W. Hinds, and Tlioni;is Lviich. together with the s})eakers.
Prayer was olfered liy li'e\-. (ieorge II. <'uininjngs, pastoi- of the First
Congregational ('limcli. following which S(>lectman Warren E. Gammell
was introduced and g:i\e the woi.ls of welcome, subsl ant iall \- as follows:
78 ^Vest Boj/Iston
ADDRESS BY SELECTMAN WARREN E.
GAMMELL.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
It hardly seems fitting that a native of another town should
l)e called npon to welcome yon to the birthplace from whence
so many that I see before me. have g-onc forth to try their for-
tunes in the world.
In the year 1850. while in my l)oyhood days. 1 came to AVest
Boylston. and with the exception of oiu^ year, this town has
been my home. Here I found my helpmate, and as we have
walked in and out among the citizens of the town, strong
attachments have l)een formed, not only for the place, hut for
the people as well. And I feel that I can extend a most hearty
welcome to every person within the sound of my voice, to this
our Centennial day. The coming together, the exchanging
friendly greetings, helps to strengthen the ties that bind us
into a community of townsmen and friends, and stimulates our
love for the home and the town in which we have a common
interest.
Many of you can recall the scene of the once prosperous
village of nearly fifty years ago. Avith its Avorkshops, where
the hum of the machinery was heard early and late; the
beautiful river in the \-alley. the old red cotton mill, the saw-
mill with its up and down saw. the old i)lacksmith sho]) A\ith
its trii)-hammer. the grist mill with its dusty miller, the old
valley stores, or the farmers and the ox teams, and various
other signs of an active prosperous town: Avith its increase in
traffic following the closing yeai's of tlie war; of the increase in
population; but with all this many of yon are familiar, and I
will not weary you Avith furthei- citations.
In behalf of the Centennial Committee, in the name of the
officers of the toAvn. avc give you a most cordial, hearty and
heartfelt welcome.
J3fe^^
HISTORICAL ADDRESS BY LEON A. GOODALE.
There Mi'e eei'taiii f(^atui'(\s which stand out [)i'e-eiiiineiitly
ill tlu' hist(»r\" nt' {'\^'ry [)ei)ph\ and each nuuiicipality lias
some historical chai'actei'istics \vhi(di nioi'e or less distinj^iiish
it from others. To think of Monnt X'ernon is to think of the
toml) and iniinortal name of \Vasliiimt(»n. The history of
Boston is intimately associated with P'aneiiil Hall. Charles-
town is meaningless withont her Bunker Hill and her monu-
ment. Coneord has her minute man keeping wat(di where was
fired that famous shot lieartl around the world, and the story
of American lihei'tx- centers around Iiulependeuee Hall in old
J'hiladelphia.
Names and places these ai'e. i)recious to every loyal heart.
They are inseparahly linked with American history. They are
shrines of freedom. From their altar fires have leaped the
flames that have kindled the fires of patriotism and loyalty
in millions of hearts. To the native born, they make real
and \ivid those early scenes and awaken anew veneration
anil lo\e foi" our country's flag and institutions. To the
stranger, they hear silent tt^stimony to the grMiuleui' of our
principles and the gi-eafness of our fathers. They are a
priceless heritage. Their value is beyond that of finest .jewels.
.Money could nol Imy them. Rivers of i)atriot blood woiiKl
riow ere alien hands should desecrate or defile.
"Breatlies tlierc tlic iii;iii with soul so dcail.
Who ne\er t(i liiinsclf liath said.
This is my nwii. my native land!
Whose iieart iiatii ne'er within hiiii Vmnied,
As home his footsteps he hath turned
i'lnm wanderings on a foreign strand!''
(Seott. Lay of the Last Minstrel)
Centennial SI
The native of AVest Boylston who returns to his childhood's
home is confronted with a strange situation. The old, historic
landmarks are gone. Beaman Tavern, the famous old oak,
Thomas Hall, the mills, canal, pond, have disappeared. Not
only are his old friends and neighliors scattered, but his very
birthi)lace is gone; the streets that teemed with business and
resounded with tread of mill workers is now a lake of blue,
tossing waters.
Barred out from fields and Avood where his childish feet
strayed l)y flaring signs, "No Trespassing", it seems a strange
land. Stores, streets, railroads, houses, schools swept away,
even the solemn rest of the dead disturbed and their ashes
gathered from familiar cemeteries and placed elsewhere. In
fifteen years the very face of nature has undergone more
startling transformation than usually takes place during the
sloAv sAveej) of almost endless geological ages. No wonder a
feeling of bewilderment comes over him. He feels like a man
Avithouf a birthplace, barred ruthlessly from the hearts of his
childhood, cast out into the Avorld. Ilis home is gone. Tlis
West Boylston is no more. The ties that bound him to this
spot have been rudely severed. They are but a menu)ry fading
with the passing years.
AYe talk of the changes of the past hundred years, yet
greater ones have taken ])lace in the last ten years. The
old latidniark's that stirred local pride and kept alive local
respect and loyalty have been obliterated. No town in our
country has ever suffered more severely in pro])oi'tion to its
size than West Boylston.
Tt was no idle statement made by an attorney that the
destruction of West Boylston Avas Avithout precedent, and
that llic only i)arallel case Avas told by the i)oet LongfelloAV
in the dramatic classic Evangeline.
This extraordinary condition imposes unusual duties. Today
a generation is living that has seen the historical places, and
is familiar witii their story. To-morroAV a ncAV generation Avill
be here, and the memory of early events Avill be but dim. The
duty devolves u{>on us by every means in our poAver of making
Vcnicun'ml 83
the coming generations familiar with past achievement and
story. The facts of onr history must be put on record, the story
of former days and i)laces must he often tolcf. Charts and maps
and photographs must be carefully preserved. Such a course
is necessary to awaken local pride, to stimulate loyalty to local
traditions and aspirations, to arouse and encourage that energy
and co-operation that shall insure a future as prosperous and
honorable as the past has been.
As a river is sometimes formed by the junction of two or
more streams that pour their currents into one, so West
Boylston has been formed by the union of peoples from several
towns, lioylston, Shrewsbury, Holden and Sterling have each
contril)uted their share, and these in turn have sprimg from
the parentage of Lancaster, AVorcester and Marlborough.
The territory now included in the town of AVest Boylston
was the outskii'ts of these surrounding towns, and the people
were left largely to their own defence and resources. It soon
attracted the sturdy pioneers by its natural advantages. Its
scenery was varied and in many jilaees romantic. Here were
the forests furnishing in lavish abundance timber for their
dwellings and their fires. Its soil in the fertile valleys and
intervales provided plentiful subsistence, while the streams with
their foaming rapids furnished water power for sawing tim])er
and grinding grain. It was a place well favored by Alother
Nature, and was well adapted to become the center in future
years of a busy, prosperous, contented maiuifaeturing commu-
nity.
Here, in 1720, came the earliest settler, Joseph Hinds. Others
soon followed. From Alarlborough came Nathaniel and AVilliam
Davenport. Benjamin BigeloAV, Edward Goodale, Micah Ilar-
than, and many others. From AA^oburn came Jonathan Fair-
b'anks; from Medford, Jonathan Lovell; from Boylston, Simeon
and Thomas Keyes. From far and near they came. These
early settlers were a hardy, vigorous race; social and benevo-
li'iit : kind ;ind gcnei'ous to each other; hospitable to strangers.
They were strongly attached to princii)les and customs of the
Pilgrim Fathers, carefully sustaining the institutions of religion
Cenicnnial 85
and leai'iiiiij?. They were conscientious and faithful in their
attendance on public Avorship on the Lord's day, and taught
their children to cherish the principles and to adhere to the
customs of their ancestors.
The Indians gave them comparatively little troul^le. though
for many years the settlers were ajiprehensive of attack from
tomahawk and scalping knife. A block liouse was built in the
south part of the town and kept as a place of refuge. The
natives formerly were numerous and powerful, but disease and
war reduced their numbers. John Eliot, the great apostle to
the Indians, had visited Quinsigamond in 1674 and met with
some success in Christianizing the red man. There were other
dangers, however, beside the Indians. It is told that Jonathan
Lovell used to come to his place in the springtime with a yoke
of oxen and return in the fall. He built his cabin on posts and
when he retired for the night would pull the ladder up after
him. In the darkness the wolves would come out and eat the
scraps of food that might have been left below.
The settlers bore their part in the patriotic and religious
movements of the several townships. They were represented
among the soldiers of the French and Indian wars, and these
had no sooner ceased than the war of the Revolution broke out.
taxing the patriotic community to its utmost. The record of
West Boylston is an honoralile one. Although it was not then
a separate town or parish, the men living within its present
boundaries were not lacking in patriotism or devotion. Be-
cause their citizenship belonged in dift'erent towns the name of
West Boylston does not appear in the Revolutionary annals;
yet the men who won fame and honor in that glorious struggle
were among the founders of our town, and their descendants
are still with us. They had already learned the art and spirit
of self-defense. They did not shrink from self-assertion. Their
zeal and activity in securing, for themselves and the colonies,
liberty and independence, are all the more remarkable when
we remember that communities and neighborhoods were divided
by that struggle. Some of the leading citizens and families
remained loyal to the crown. At the present time we can
CeiiicHnidl S7
rcadil.N' ^I'.'iiit llif sincerity. I)i-;i\('r>- and \V(iftli oT the Tories of
those days as well as Ihc [)a1 riots. Vuv our aneestors the ex-
perience Avas a tryiiiii' diic for it meant for them a strno;p;le M-itli
a loved pastoi" after Iwcnly-Hve yeai's oi' ix-accfnl and happ.x'
rehitions. Re\'. Ehenezei' .Morse "was the ]>astor of the Shre'ws-
hnry North Parish, lie was a eultured, ediiealed, able man,
and staiineh and iuiniovahic in liis loyalty t(^ his king. In spite
of the opposition of his ix'ojtlc he insisted on in-aying in public
for the king'. (|ueen and Royal family. They could not drive
him away, so at a Shrewsbury toAvn meeting in ITTo. a commit-
tee was a])poinlcd to examine him and sex'ei'al otliers suspected
of Toryism. Un their report that the minister had in sundry
instances, "appeared not to lie so friendly to the common cause
as we could wish, but rather in some instances, unfriendly." it
Avas voted that he be deprived of his arms and ammunition and
wai'like implements of all kinds and that he be not allowed to
pass oA'er the lines of the Second or North Parish in which lie
lived without a |)ermit from two or more of the committed'.
As one has said. "All the more stril^ing is the patriotism of
these men. Avho did theii' duty, although the red line of excision
ran through theii' oA\ti ])ulpit." — (IT. M. Smith. P>oylston Cen-
tennial. I
In 1774 it had been Aotecl to lia\'e two militia companies in
the Sjii'ewsiiury South Parish. th(^ Xt)rth Parish already having
a comijany. whose officers' lunnes sound familiar to us. They
were Ezra l^eaman. ("a]itain: Ephraim Peaman and Jonathan
Fassett. Lieutenants; ami Solomon I^iigelow. Ensign.
On February IS. 177."). a letter was received by ('apt. Ezra
Beaman from John Axcry of the Committee of Donations at
Poston. acknowledging the receipt of '>'■) busluds of rye and corn
.sent by North Parish of Shrewsbury "'for the distressed in-
habitants of that poor devoted town, M'ho were groaning under
the rod of despotism."
The dawning of the memorable l!)th of April. 1775. found the
]\Iinute nu'u prepared. Those Avho lived within the present
limits of oui- town Avere far fi'om the cent^M's of the towns of
wiiicli they wei-e citizens. The s1oi-\- of how the ci-v. "To
88 ^Nest Boylston
Arms," was carried over the hills and through the vales of
West Boylston till it reached the home of Serg. Ingalsbe on the
banks of the Qiiinepoxet River may never be told. Whether by
horsemen from Shrewsbury on the south, by spurring rider
from Lancaster on the north, or by galloping messenger from
Ilolden on the west, we may never know. The poet in his
immortal lines has left us the thrilling story of the ride of Paul
Revere. ITndoubtedly during that night and the following day
that ride was duplicated by scores of fleeting horsemen. It is
on record that on the morning of the 19th, a post rider came
galloping in hot haste through the town of Lancaster, shouting
to every one he saw, that the red coats were coming out of
Boston. Instantly booming cannon summoned the ^Minute men.
^Mounted messengers spread the tiding far and wide. Undoubt-
edly that call to arms resounded by many a AVest Boylston fire-
side and field that day. Work was left, hurried farewells were
spoken, the powder horn and bullet pouch with the old flint lock
musket were thrown over the shoulder and the patriot hurried
away to the scene of conflict. To Ilolden, to the Company of
Captain Paul Raymond went Asa Lovell, Amos Lovell, William
Raymond. With the Company of Capt. James Davis went Isaac
Temple, Paul Goodale. Some undoubtedly marched with one
of the six companies that went from Lancaster, perhaps in the
Company of Capt. Joseph White. By far the greater number
marched with the Company of Capt. Robert Andrews from
Shrewsbury North Parish. Among the number appear the
names of Ezra Beaman, Lieut., who might be called the founder
and father of our town ; Jonas Temjile, Lieut., whose son, John
Temple, long served as chairman of our selectmen ; Sergt. Eben-
ezer Ingalsbe ; Corporal Thomas Keyes, grandfather of historian
Benj. F. Keyes; Corporal Aaron Goodale, the first of five gene-
rations to bear that name ; private Abel Bigelow, grandfather
of the great inventor and carpet manufacturer ; privates, Peter
Goodale, Abel Holt, Oliver Densmore. William Winn, and
others. Besides these minute men many more served at some
time during the war. Israel Keyes, Jonathan Gale, Ebenezer
Ingalsbe, Jr.. William Eames. Stephen Brigham, Abel Bigelow,
CodcnniaJ 89
Thomas Keyes. Aaron Goodale. were among those who marched
to Uadley in 1777. Other names are given by historian Keyes:
John Rixhy. Joseph Bixby. Zaehariah Child, Joseph Dwelly,
AVilliain Fairhaiik. Oliver Glazier. Benjamin Hinds, Jr., Jason
Hinds. Ebenezer Pike. Isaae Smith, John Temple, Nathan
Wilder. These names constitute a roll of honor of "Brave and
patriotic men of whom we may well feel prond. Their memories
will ever l)e cherished by a grateful people with feelings of
respect and veneration. ^lention should also be made of the
fact that one of our citizens. Benjamin Hinds, loaned .$60,000 to
the Continental Congress.
The circumstances which led to the formation of a precinct
and ultimately the town are too well known to be dwelt upon
at length. Shrewsbury North Parish had become incorporated
as the town of Boylston on ^larch 1st, 1786, taking its name
from the eminent Boylston families of Boston. It was necessary
to build a new meeting house. In those days the meeting house
was the center from which radiated the religious, political, edu-
cational and social life of the community. Perhaps for this rea-
son it Avas customary to locate it in the geographical center of
the town as well. The majority proposed to build the new
church near the old one. The minority, headed by the resolute
Ezra Beaman, demanded that it be located in the center, which
was half a mile nearer the residents in the west part of the new
town. The majority persisting in carrying out their wishes,
the minority turned itself into a majority. l)y the time-honored
custom of withdrawing and starting over again all by them-
selves. They built the new church with commendable zeal and
rapidity on a piece of land given l)y Abel Bigelow, Joseph Bige-
low, and John White, now known as the West Boylston Com-
mon, on which historic spot these exercises are now taking
place. The meeting house was completed and dedicated in 1795
and a petition for incorporation as a town was forwarded to
the General Court, signed by ninety inhabitants of Boylston,
Sterling and Iloldcn. This petition was refused, but another
was granted, incorporating them as the Second Precinct of
Boylston. Sterling and Ilolden, in June, 1796.
('eiitciinial
91
111 aliout twelve years, steps were taken which, though
(ijiposed. resulted in the incorporation of the town of AVest
Boylstoii oil .January .SO, 1808. At the time of iiicoi'jioration
there were ahout !)8 dwellino- houses, with a little less than 600
inhabitants in the new towii. There were 60 farmers, about a
dozen mechanics, one clergyman, no physician, but one ])erson
of foreign birtji. and ai)iiai'(Mitly there was no need of an under-
taker.
There was said to be one cotton mill, two grist mills, two s:iw
mills, one clotliier's mill, one tannery, four blacksmiths' shops,
one ca])inet maker's shop, two book binderies. There Avere thi-ee
schools and three stores, one church and one tavern.
The land composing the town in shape resembles an Indian
toraahawdv Avithout a handle. The history of the various land
changes is somewhat confused and complicated. It is a matter
of history that James Tst made a grant to the Plymouth Com-
pany of all the land between the 41st and 45th parallels of lati-
tude, and that later its successor, the Ccnincil of Plymoutli. in
1620. received a grant of all land Itetween the 40th and 48th
parallels of latitude and extending from the Atlantic to the
Pacific. It can be readily seen that many grants made in this
generous off-hand way must, by the limitati(ni of the size of our
contim^nt. result in overlapping boundaries, disputes as to titles
aiul changing ownership.
In 1655 the first grant of land in this vicinity was nmde liy
the General Court to the town or church of IMalden. This grant
contained about one thousand acres. A memorial of that grant
is still found in the name of ]\Ialden Hill. In 165!) a grant of
land was made to Ri(diard Davenport, a commander at Castle
Island in Boston Ilarboi'. It comprised about 650 acres and
extended north to the old stone bridge.
In 1658 Lancaster was incorporated as a town, and included
the territory within the boundaries of Sterling and part of
West Boylston. In 1660 Marlborough was incorporated and in
1727, Shrewsbury was set off from .Marlborough. In 1722
Worcester was incorporated, including the territory set off as
Holden in 1740. The boundarv between Lancaster and Shrews-
jKAj^ a 41 'd k
92 M^esi Boylston
bury was several times changed. x\ sti'ip of land between the
two about four miles long and one wide was known as the
Shrewsbury Leg. It belonged first to one town, and then the
other. In 1781, Sterling was incorporated and covered all the
territory belonging to Lancaster now lying within the limits of
"West Boylston. In 1786, Boylston, formerly the North Parish
of Shrewsbury, w'as incorporated and al)sorbed that portion of
"The Leg" not covered by Sterling. Then in 1796, the Second
Precinct was incorporated, including a portion of Ilolden,
Sterling and Boylston, and in 1808 followed its incorporation
as the town of West Boylston. These changes resulted in a
certain portion of the Shrewsbury Leg being at one time or
another within the limits of five towns. Other portions of our
town have been within the limits of four towns, and no portion
of it but what has been within the limits of three tow^ns. Robert
B. Thomas, who lived in that district known as the Shrewsbury
Leg, said in the famous Farmer's Almanac of 1834: "It is
rather paradoxical, but no less a fact, that I have resided in
four incorporated towns, and two parishes and one precinct,
and yet never moved from the same place." At the Bi-Centen-
nial Celebration of the town of Lancaster in 1858, the toast was
offered to the town of Boylston : ' ' Boylston took to herself
Shrewsbury Leg and ran away from her mother." AVest
Boylston took to herself the same Shrewsbury Leg and ran
away from her mother and grandmother.
At the first election in West Boylston, held ]\larch 1. 1808,
Silas Beaman was chosen jModerator, Robert B. Thomas, Clerk.
Ezra Beaman, Jonathan Plympton, AYilliam Fairbank, Silas
Beaman and Amos Lovell, Selectmen, and Ezra Beaman, Treas-
urer. There were about 150 ratable polls. The legal voters
numbered 105.
It is a matter of record that during the first year of the
town's existence warrants were issued for twelve town meet-
ings. We may feel sure that toAvn affairs that year occupied a
prominent place of interest and were well eared for. The same
spirit of zeal was seen in the business affairs of the town. Its
character as a farming community soon changed and it became
Centennial 93
•A iii;iimf;icturiii<:' \illa,iic. In fifty years the iiuinl)er of farmers
increased fi'oin (iO to 70, a liaiii of only 10 in half a century.
Some of the fii'st cotton mills in the country were located here.
The Slatei's. those i)ioneei's of cotton manufacturing in this
c(uuitry. were interested in property in this vicinity. The ex-
cellent water power furnished by the junction of the Quina-
poxet and Stillwater Rivers in forming' the Nashua, made it
certain that the greatest development would be along manu-
facturing lines. At first, saw mills and grist mills were multi-
[)licd. A clothier's mill and a scythe factory, with the first trip
liammer used in this section of the country, gave the town a
distinction that attracted strangers from a distance.
The chief industries of the town have been the bottoming of
boots, ami cottcui manufacturing. At one time, 2000 pairs of
boots were finished and sent to Worcester daily, giving lucra-
tive employment to many ]ieople. Six cotton mills gave em-
ployment to hundreds, so that in ISO.') the population had in-
creased to about 8000. Those who ha\'e seen the town in the
valley k'liow and Avill cvcm- reuKMulxM- th(^ beauty of the natural
scenery for which it was famed.
From the beginning attention has been ])aid to schools and
education. At the time of incorporation there were three
schools. Almost the first business of the \'oters M'as to organize
the schools. The to^^■n records contain the following interesting
item under date of XoNcniber 8. 1808: "After much debate
respecting districting this town into school districts, a motion
was made by ]Mr. Paul Goodale to rescind all former votes for
districting the town into school districts, which was ])ut and
declared in the afiii'mative. A motion Avas then made by ]\Ir.
Goodale in substance that the town build four schoolhouses.
two on the west aiul two on the east of the Quinapoxet River,
and that a committee be chosen fi'om the east sid(^ to place the
schoolhouse on the west side, and vice versa, and lastly that
tlie school money be divided into four equal parts and be
schooled out into each s(dioolhouse. which was voted."
The number of districts was increased the following year to
eight and remained at that number till 1868, after which the
Centennial ^j
Dnmber var . eleven to nft*-en until 1^*J2. -^h&i &s &
result o" - " - ^ - .
•rentTci! " _- " " ■ -r
seh- ns-
1S6S- It reads: ""The eharaeter of a town mav be very eor-
reetij' <r- e of its forms d
dition »::-.-- - .- -- If these are :r. _ r: ^_^
progre^ing. the seho«:»l buildiiigs seat. e»>ir — - and ^rell
famished, the ehildien interested and c»>i]istant in liieir atten-
■lan«:-e. the t^-^ -^ ~- ' " -v :« _ --- ^ - -well - '-^ ' ' '""?
in morals ai. - ie gwgV :s
as anxions to improve their seho«:»is as they are their farms
mar"" * ~-s or their mer ' ~ - ~" "" ~ i>
tru-' ihat that toTm - _ - _ — - f
the age and eontains a reading, thmkmg. virtuous and patriotie
people."
In 1S70. two high schools were established, one at <!>akdale
and one at West Bc»ylston. thus showing how aneient is that
ISSO and it has sinee done most exeellent work.
The town library was es^ - in 1S7S. In that 7
legacy by David Chiltis. & _:_i: ; Ms widow. Lydia ii^: ..
Childs. a well-known writer, and an appropriatioD of several
hundred dollars gave it a g iav it
numbers over 7. _ „. > and supplier .. . __^ . ^ with
magazines and periodicals. It is fast outgrc^w-ing its T'lvsent
quarters and today is in the p^»sition of a coy your -
easting areh glances and waiting the - - - - - -: w..-. __ ._e
form of some public spirited pers«>il - i^rr his ^rid" ?.
home in a new. attractive library buiidmg.
When the Civil War broke out. West Boylst -
the high standard of loyalty and devotion of : -
Lincoln's call for volunteers found rea«Jy and geneivus res-
ponse. T^-- - ' ut 25iX\ she sent t. - ' :
96 We-s/ BoijJsfon
252 men, ten per cent, of her inhabitants. Of the able-bodied
men between the ages of 16 and 60, one in every three enlisted
under their country's banner. Of this number twelve were
commissioned officers, and two werc^ surgeons. They gained
their honors liy bravery at the front, and while the privates
and non-commissioned officers were as l)rave as any who wore
the blue, the name of Sergt. Pluidvctt will ever he a household
tiame in our country and a synonym of bravery and faithful-
ness even unto death. Thirty-one gave up their lives during
the war, on the field of battle, in the hospitals for the wounded
and in prison pens. That fast diminishing number of veterans
who yet remain with us shall be honored as long as Providence
spares their earthly lives.
Those who remained at home were not lacking in loyalty, nor
love for their country. Their patriotism was manifested in
various ways. Many maintained liberty ])()les from which by
night hung a light and by day waved the glorious stars and
stripes, the flag of a united land and the greatest and best
nation of the earth.
It may not be amiss in passing to call attention to the fact
that for every man between the ages of 15 and (iO who remained
at home, there Avere two and seven-tenths women. Their pre-
dominance and prominence has outlasted the Avar. It has
resulted in making so deep a religious impression upon this
community that though it came through the devastation
Avrought hy the ]Metropolitan Water Hoard. Avith the loss of
mills, stores, houses and tAvo-thirds of its people, it came out of
that crisis Avithout the loss of a church, having just the same
number as before.
The coming of the Metropolitan AVater Board, backed l)y all
the sovereign poAver of the state, still remains to some t)f our
people as a hidecms nightmare, and it takes long years to realize
that it Avas no dream, but a stern reality. In 1895 a bbud^ om-
inous cloud Avas seen rising over the state house at Boston, tliat
great center of wind storms and fiery eruptions, and moxed
toAvard the peaceful valley of the Nashua. As it grcAv. a fun-
nel-shaped cloud appeared Avhose eartlnvard end reached the
('(':t I en II '((I 97
•iToiiiid ,'is il iicircd West I mivIsI (in. \\yv 11ic 1 ciToi'-st ricl^cii
iiilialiiljiiit s had I'aiily rccoxci-cd their senses. Ihe toi-nado liad
])assed. Sidi'es. mills. Iionies and (dnil'(dies were seattel'ed in
I'uins, while the hui'st itm of the watei spout Avas tilling- ihe
Forniei' heaulirul \alley with a lake eii;-lit and one-half miles
lonu' tVcnii tile ( "1 i lit on dam. t wo miles -wide in the broadest part,
the aica siihmei'u'ed ahout si.\ and onedialf s(|uare miles, with a
cireumt'erence of ;].") miles, a (h'pth of llO feet at the (him. Avilli
a caiiaeity of fiM.OOO.OOO.OOO i;-allons. and costing' forty millions
of (hillars. h'rom West IJoylston it too]\ six mills, eio'ht sehool-
hovises. four (dmreiles. M(K) dwellinii' houses occupied Ity upward
of 17(H) peo|)le. Of course they [laid for it. hut money cannot
huy the feelinu' of atta(diment. the sentiment that (ding's to the
iioiiie of (diildhoo(h ( )f necessity the old West l>o\dston has
Lione f(n'e\-er. ()f necessity a new West l)oylst(ni has ariscMi
without e\'en the solace of heiiii;' a hie to say. that ' " PlKeiiixdike
it has sprunu' from the ashes of the old."
It is difticiilt for stranii'ers and \isitors to realize the complete
(dianu'c that has lieeii Avrouii'ht. ()iie single illustration may
help us to i-ealize it. Near the spot Avliere a hundred years at>'o
oxen were uiivoked and the old-time sta*;'e coa(di daslK^l up to
the old lieaiiiaii TaAcrn with ci'a(d';iii<i' Avlii]) and foaming
horses, today, electric cars are speedinu' along hfty feet in the
ail".
In \iew (d' su(di startling (dianges how significant seem IIk^
(dosing words of Keyes" History of our town, wi'itten fifty years
ago (page S.'^ \ -. " In 1!)()S. a\ hen the (Jentennial Aniii\-ersary of
tiiis town shall he cehdirated. jierhaps some, how many cannot
he conjectured, who are now here enjoying and ])art icipating
in cun-eiit scenes and events, may he present with others yet
nil horn, on that interesting occasion : A\dii]e mu(di 1 lie larger por-
ti(ni (d' the piesent i II ha hit a iits (d' the town will then he num-
hcre(| wit h t he silent dead.
■'What will then lie said of us who are now here. acti\(dy
eiigaL;('(| in the hiisy scenes and transactions of life;' Will our
liciieral course as so(dal lieings. resitling and acting in this eoni-
iiinnitw and our individual moral intlucMice he sn(di thi-ouo'h life
Cenicun'mJ 99
as to iiici'it and clicil tlic ui'atcful i-ccollcctioii and ai)pr()val of
our successors who nuiy chance then to hold and occupy these
dwellinji's. Avhicli avc^ umst ere loii"' vacate, and leave to be re-
modelled and IxM-omc the I'esideiices of our descendants and
others.' Shall we rightfully deserve the same tribute of venera-
tion and respect from those we leave behind, to Avhicli our an-
cestors and {)re(lecessors are .justly entitled to from us? Con-
siderations like these might ])rotital)ly occupy some of those
leisure moments which occasionally overtake us. and may the
effect be to cause our mark in life to be so made as not to prove
a blot on our future memory."
Today the future is before us. What it shall be. the Almighty
alone knows. AVhat it may be depends in large measure upon
us. Let us be true to the spirit of those who have gone before
us. and by our integrity and devotion bring honor and Avorth to
our lox'cd town.
''Our ii;iti\'e town; W'e hail thee luiw
Aud place the laurel on thy brow,
Aucl as your joyful birthday bells
The peans to thy glory swells.
We stand uncovered at thy shrine.
And round thy brows fresh garhmds twine.''
( W. N. Davenport, Bovlston Centennial.)
llo.N. I 1i:ki!i;im I'aukkk oi- La.nc astkk
i(>i;\ii i; Ai toh.m:'! <;k.nkkai, <)|- .massa( u i.setts
^rs^K
ADDRESS BY THE HON. HERBERT PARKER.
The spcjikci- (if llic (I;iy wji.s the Ilmi. Ilci'licrl r;ii'kcr of Ij;iii-
castcf. .Mr. I'jirkci' di-cw his picture of |);is1 jiiid cxisliiiii- coii-
(litioiis in the Inwn in ;i clcnii cut nnd iniistcrl'ul nuinncr. rcfcr-
riiig to the li(innr;i l)|c jind |)r;i iscworl liv pjirl 1li;i1 1hc town and
her citizens luid ;d\\;iys 1;d<eii in \arious nio\cnn'nts atfeeting"
the welt'a re o1' the count vy . lie a I so I'oi'ecnst ed the part that the
town ■would, in its newly organized state. I;d<e in t'niui'e e\-ents.
lie told (d" the intense |o\-e of ^dl .\ew iMigland as it dwelt in
the breast ol' e\'ery cit izen. ;i nd the grjicious hospita I ity 1 hat AV as
always attributed to i1.
"P(M'haps," said .Mr. Tarhei-. ""the s;ilai-ied \\e;itllel' men -who
forecast Hie at niospheric conditions h'oui ihe mountains of J'at-
agonia to the lop of the ivpiilable binlding in Uoston. were able
to do bettei- than .xour ancestoi' and fello\\- townsiuMn in this
line. Iioiiert l'>. Thomas of K;i i uiei-"s Almnnac fame, bid I doubt
it."
The ('entennial ('onimittee regrets that it is able to present
su(di a meager re|)oi't of Mr. Parker's address. Had th(^ ('om-
mittee foreseen that it would l;e i-iMpiested to |tl;ice the events
of the Centeiniial n\)nu pennanent I'eeord. 1liis misfortune
eould have been o\-ercome.
Se\-eral efforts ha\(' been made to secure a i'epi-oduct ion of
the oriii'inal address, but these h;i\'e been unsuccessful on
account of the bud'; of ade(pi;ite ne\\sp;i pel' l('|)oi-ts.
'Pile following extr;ict from a letter from .\lr. Pari^er is self-
explanat oi'y :
"it is my f;iull . or misfort line, eiil ircdy. that my piibl ic s|)eiik-
iiig is ill most \\holl\- exl emp:M-;i neons. ;ind that I liaxc not and
did not h;i\-e ;i sci'ap of p;i|)er in the form of notes. I use this
method, not from ind ifVereiice. but solely liec;iuse it is the only
iiiethod I can use. since any pre|)ared discourse is xcry distali-ful
1" aie and I cannot present it wit h a n\- eiit husiasm or force.
102 Vsvxi J>(>!iJst(>ii
■■ ! (l(t ii;i1 now I'ccall ('\'(Mi tlic sul)s1;iiic(' of 'wliat I sMitl. niid it
is iiii|i( ssililc. 1 licrcl'oi'e. for me to make any I'c prod net ion of t lie
addii'ss. If tlicrc is any n(Mvsi)ai)ei- i-cpoi't which Avonld aid my
nicm 11 y. I niiuhl he ahlc. if you dcsii'c it. to attempt a r('])i'odiic-
tion : otherwise, of course, you wouhl ha\'e to cnm])h'te the
recoi'd Avithout iiicoi-poratiny what 1 have said.
■"T thaid< you Ncry much for your cousideratiou. and your
kindly I'eference to my couti'ihution to the occasion, whicli. <-er-
tainly. in e\-ei'y othcu- respect was most successful."
SPORTS.
After tlip foriDul mldiesses came the sports.
Running High Jumps. — Won l\v C 11. C'ummiiiiis; Andrew J. Scarlett. Jr.,
2n.l: Frank H. Evan, 3d.
In the Egg Race. — Mrs. Charles W. Reed captured tirst ribbon; Mrs.
Arthur 11. Sawyer, 2<1; ?i[rs. Fred R. Tvory, 3d.
Three-Legged Race. — Andrew .T. Scarlett, Jr. and Robert E. Lamb made
the pair that came in first; Oscar Burns and Dr. TTarry "W. Trask,
2d; Tracy Wood and Allen Luce, 3rd.
Fat Man's Race. — Frank Noble, 1st; Charles T. Lamb, 2d; William L.
s.-;irictt, ;;d.
Tug-of-War. — Won by Robert E. Lauil), .loiin li. Moran, James E. ]\Ioran,
Ell)ert II. Boynton, Chester Smith and Charles Johnson.
Clothespin Race. — ^liss Mildred Preseott awarded the blue; Miss Xellie
Lovcll, tlie red; Miss Lena Bowen, the yellow.
Running Broad Jump. — Robert E. Lamb won, coverinj: 14 ft. 5 in.; Franl\
IT. Ryan, 2d; Andrew J. Scarlett. Jr., 3d.
Sack Race. — Frank N. Luce, 1st; James E. ^NToran. 2d; Robert E. Lamli,
3d.
Half-Mile Race. — Won by Andrew .t. Scarlett, Jr.; Charles TT. CumminjiS,
2d; Robert F. L;ni,b. :id.
100 Yards Dash for Boys— Won by h'obcrt E. l^auib; Barton E. Ciiiu-
mings, 2d; R. W. Smitli, ;'h1; Elbert If. Boynton, 4th. Time. 13%
seconds.
100 Yards Dash for Men. — Frank II. Hyan crossc'd the tape first; C. 11.
Cummin-s. 2d: Andrew J. Scarlett, Jr., :'.<!; Osoar Barnes, 4th.
Time, 12 scciinds.
A collection (it anti(pies was on exhibition in the First Con.ure,uational
meeting house. Many of the articles displayed were of sjiecial local in-
terest and formed no little .-ittractiun. cs)>ccially those connected witli tlie
Ezra Beainan and I.'obert B. Thomas families.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN KEYES.
Boii,i;nniii I'. Kcycs. son of 'rimnias and Lydia ( llarthaii ) Keyes, was
liorn .\|iiil 1-1. 17M-'l. His liuyliood days were passed upon the home farm,
and as lie i^rew to maiiliood early displayed an unusual interest in the
affairs of the town, becominji an ac-tive, efficient official, serving as Town
<.'Ierk, Seleetuian and Representative. At the annual town meetings he
was repeatedly chosen as Moderator, a position which bears the weight
of more or less lionor. ovou at tlie present <lay, liut in the days that are
gone, and at the time of wiin-h we write, it was held as at distinguished
honor to be elected Moilerator of a Town Meeting. He was also iiromi-
nently idei)tifie<l with tlie Congregational diurcli, serving as clerk,
chorister of tlie choir, and deacon of the churcji. These services already
mentioned, valuable as they have been, seem to be overshadowed by the
work he performed for present and future generations, in writing, pub-
lishing and donating to pul)lii- use. liis ''Historical Memorandum and
Genealogical Register of the Town of West l^oylston," which practically
covers the first fifty years in the history of the town, and given in a
concise, attractive luaniier, furnishes accurate data for the student, dur-
ing the years to ionic Mr. Keyes married December ]0, ]822, Lois,
daughter of Thaddeus ami Eunice (Glazier) Xichols, of Iloklen, by whom
he had four children: Jonathan ^[., Thomas X., AVilliam W., L. Eveline,
each of whom though over seventy years of age were active attendants
at the Centennial Exercises.
Mr. Keyes clied in 1870, on the farm where he was born, and wliich is
now owneil by his son. Tliomas X. Keyes. Tt is interesting to read the
closing ciiaiitei- of his liisTorical legister, where he not only expresses his
clear yet seiious views of life, but also the almost prophetic vision of
the wondi-ous changes lie felt were liable to come over West Boylston, and
which wc, of ;i later generation. lia\"e witnesse<l in tlie disruption of the
town.
HORATIO HOUGHTON.
Iloiatio lloniihioii also deserves a ]ilace among the list of historians of
West Boylston.
He was son of K/.ia and Sally i;. llonghtoii, born in FitzwilHam, X. 11.,
September 1^. Is^i. and nianicil September i". lS4(i, ^Nlary S.. daughter of
('('iifcnuidl 105
C-iiiliii'i- ;tiiil S(>liMi;i I'I'cinplci Dnvis. He tillt'd t lie (illicc of Town Olork
iiio.st acccjitJilply for t li iit y four ncjiis, li;i\iiiu hccn chosen a ii iiiuil 1\- to
succeed liiniself twciitN' li\ t* NC.-irs. A I tlioiiiili not iiossessini; ;i sti'on^i;,
rol)nst natnic, he w'lis in exci y \\:\\ ([n;i I i fied fin- ;i nioilel town clerk; very
(•oni]ietent, nnusn.-illy well infoiiiie(l not onl\- witli reL;ni(l to the annals of
the town ot' West lioylston, lint on ;:(>nei-al snl)jects in conn(»ction \vith iiis
ollice. II<' had within him the ([naliti(>s of accuracy, i-oni'teonsness and
alVaiiility, whi<di niaile him a |i|ireciat('il and well liiu'd liy those having
dealini^s with tlie town.
Thirty years at;o Mr. Ilon^hton wrote an interesting; sk(>trh of tlie town,
covering' fifteen printed i)ages, for Messrs. ( '. I", .lewett tV: ('onijiany of
Boston, who, at tliat time, ])ul)lished a two xolnme Avork entitled, ''His-
tory of Worci^ster ('onnty.'" ^fr. Ilon.i^hton was no doubt limited to the
s|i;ice he was to occnpN' in the implication, but ne\'ertlieless those two
(diajiters |iresent a remarkably ;^ood e.xjiosition of his subject.
'I'en yeais later ( iSSi)), he |ire]iared aiiotiiei- sUetcIi of the town, coxer-
ini; tw(Mity two l:J-n.'o. |ia.i;es for .\ressrs. .1. W, Lewis & ('omjiany of Phila-
delj)hia. who also |iublished a history of Worcester ('lumty. in two vob
nmes. As nn.Liht be reasonablx- expecteil, iiis second effort far exceeds the
first in \olnni(> and in importance, haviny been allowecl more than double
the s]iace than that <;i\en him in the fornuM' work, and the reader must
certainly acknowledjzf that Mi'. Ilonuhton im]iro\('(l the o|i|iortunity
allowed him to the best adx-.-intaue. lie was also assessor for th(> town
(1850-1 8o7), ami (derk of the Conure.Liational Chnrcii ten years (IS.l.S-
1868). Tie died in West lioylston dune i:i, istn;.
REV. JAMES HILLS FITTS.
Another jierson to whom the |>eo]ile of West l>oylston are indebted is
Eev. .lames II. l-'itts, many years pastor of the ( 'oniircLiat ional ('hui'ch.
from September :;, jstii', to December :;, 1S7(I; was born in Candia, N. II..
.March .1, 1SL".>, died in .Vewfields, N. 11., N()vend)er 1'2, 1900. Son of John
ami Abi.Liail (Laru-i Fitts. Durin.u the little more than ei,;:lit years he
nia<le this town his home, not only was he acti\i' in nunisteri ni: for the
good of tin' spiritual \\(dfart> (d' the peojde, but was .i:atheri ni; data rela-
ting to the town, the ( lini'(di, and the iidiabitants iionerally. for the
benefit of those imnu'diatcdy interested, .-iml allowing it to be |iassed down
tliroui^h the years, from ,L:eneration to iienera t ion, thioui^h the medium of
till' piinteil pa-e. His story of life in tlu> chnrcdi, ;ind inidnding that
important liraucdi of the idiurcdi, the Sabbath Scho(d. is a nnist interesting
one.
106 We6'f Boylston
His object in prepariiiji- 1lie address was, as lie stated to tliose who
asked for its publication (and Ave quote from liis own lines), "Messrs. A.
F. Knight, Lyman I'ierce and others, it was a desire to preserve from
oblivion these fast fading mementos of a former generation which first
led to the preparation and delivery of the address, and the same desire
does not permit Ui'e to withold it from ])uhlication now.''
No person at all familiar with the topography of the town but what in
reading that historical diseouise must he impressed with the clearness of
his pen-pictures as he leads the reader up and down the roads and streets
in the town and points out the homes occupied by the various towns-
people fifty to eighty j'ears ago. In fact, the three pamphlets bearing his
name, entitled, "Commemorative Services of the Semi-Centennial Anni-
versary of the Sabbath School," "Manual of the Congregational
Church," and the "Historical Address delivered at the Re-Dedication of
the Brick Meeting House, West Boylston,'" are exceedingly valuable con-
tributions to the local history of the town, including a large portion of
her inhabitants past and present.
Venicunidl 107
DEDICATION of the WEST BOYLSTON TOWN HALI.
YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITEID TO ATTEIND THE
DEDICATION OF THE WEIST BOYLSTON TOWN HALL
ON iyiONDA.Y. January the EIighteenth
NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FOUR
AT T'WO O'CLOCK, P. M.
LEION A. GOODALE
A.LBERT W^. HINDS
EDGAR P. NEAL
COMMITTEE!
WEST BOYLSTON, MASS.
JANUARY SIXTH, 1<504
DEDICATION
OF
THE TOWN HALL
WEST BOYLSTON
MASSACHUSETTS
MONDAY, JANUARY THE EIGHTEENTH
AT TWO O'CLOCK IN THE AFTERNOON
19 0 4
The Brick Meeti\(, llui sk
Centennial 111
Building" Committee
Artemas C. Smitlr-' Andrew J. Scarlett
Alexander Snow AVillie B. AVood
Dedication Committee
The Selectmen :
Andrew J. Scarlett Alexander Snow
AYillic P.. AVood
Programme Committee
Leon A. Goodale Albert AV. Hinds
Edsar P. Xeal
Reception Committee
John C. Hastings Jeremiah Fishei"
Charles E. Alerrifield Charles AY. Reed
Arthur A. Caldwell
'Died December 10, 1902.
PROGRAMME
Mi'Sic, ScJunnaiiu Male Quartette
Prayer, Rev. John E. Dodge
Address of Welcome, Andrezu J. Scarlett
Alusic
Historical Address, Re:\ Julius B. Robinson
Music
Address, Dr. G. Stanley Hall
Music
Greetings from Former Citizexs
]\Iusic
At eight o'clock there icill be a concert
and social in the Toiun Hall.
DEDICATION OF TOWN HALL,
MONDAY, JANUARY 18th, 1904.
"With clear skies and bracing air. with a good attendance of
old friends and residents of the town, the new town hall in AVest
Boylston was dedicated today. The exercises were marked for
the old home spirit that they stimulated, the Avords of former
residents bringing forth hc^arty a])planse.
In view of the fact that the hall had no clock. EdAvard A.
Cowee. a former n^sidcnt and business man of the toAvn. noAv of
AVorcester. said that he Avould ])resent the toAAui a clock. This
is the only gift that the toAvn has receiA^ed for the ncAV hall.
The guest of honoi' for the day Avas Dr. G. Stanley ITall of
Worcester, president of CUark UniA'ersity. His address AA'as on
"Good citizenshi])."' and AA-as an exhaustive and comprehensive
treatise on that subject. Rev. Julius P>. Rolunson, pastor of the
Baptist church, Avho made the historical address, also came in
for a great share of the applause. His essay, Avhich was com-
pleted under adverse circumstances, Avas a model of its kind,
and Avas attentively listened to.
As Avas expected, there Avas not a larg(^ attendance, the exer-
cises in the e^•elling draAving thc^ larger croAvd. The afternoon
gathei'ing Avas a representative body, and the younger element
Avas not as Avell represented as it Avas at the dedication ball in
th(^ (telling.
The i^xercises began a1 2 u'cl()cl<. AndreAv J. Scarlett. Chair-
man (»f the Board of Selectmen. ])residiiig. The tirst number on
the ])r(igi-ani Avas singing by tlie Sehnmaini (juartet of Worces-
ter, coinjxjsed of Walter S. KnoAvles. W. K. Little, B. A. Barber
and II. ('. Robinson. Their first selection Avas "Loyal," by
Sr. Anthony's Catholic Chukch
Ceiifeiuiial IIS
KiR-kcii. I'r;i\i'i- wris tluMi offered l)y Rev. Jolin E. Dodge,
pastor of the West I>()\ls1(»n Congregational church.
Chairman Scarlett made a short address of welcome, telling
of the work of tlie huihling committee, and spoke of the death
of Artemas C. Smith, ^vllo died December 10. 1!)02. ]\Ir. Smith
Avas one of tlie meudx-rs of the Iniilding committee.
Mr. Searlett heartily welcomed all the former residents of
West Boylston and referred with pride to the sons of the town
who had gone out and made a name for themselves, thus reflect-
ing credit on the town and the community. ^Ir. Scarlett's
address was greeted with applause. Following this the Schu-
mann quartet sang '"Xight AVitchery.''
Chairman Scarlett then introduced Rev. Julius B. Robinson
who delivered the followins- Historical Address.
(^^^^
HISTORICAL ADDRESS BY REV. J. B.
ROBINSON.
After a century of existence lacking hari^ly four years, this
town dedicates today its tirst town hall. Not always has it
been a homeless vagrant heretofore, for after alternating be-
tween the Baptist Vestry and Thomas Hall — owned and occu-
pied by the Congregational Society — from 184H to exactly the
middle of the century, it held all meetings for the remaining
half century in that Hall. From 1902, when the Baptist Church
left its building in order to occupy a new (Uie near the Common,
all town nu^etings have been held in the Baptist Vestry again.
Associations inseparable from the two places where public busi-
ness was transacted have thus been api)ropriately moral and
dignified.
Another suitable association atta(dies to the location of this
new building, reinforced in interest by inclusion of the Public
Library, for on this ground the IMurdock public school has long
contributed to the intelligence of successive accessions of fresh
citizenshi]). Surely, such a building, replacing those long used,
and standing on this ground, is the natural home of seriousness,
earnestness, dignity, and maintenance of high ideals of ])ublic
life and service.
To the Congregational church the town owes its political
origin, and the geographical centre of its history is. therefore,
the Common, broadly laid out for church location and occupied
by an elegant edifice a year and a half before ecclesiastical
organization was efifected. Attem])ting to make the ucav i)arish
a town, the people of this region succeeded only in obtaining
from the Legislature incori)orfition as the second precinct oi
Boylston, Holden. and Sterling. The Act was signed June 14.
1796. l)v Governor Samuel Adams. Twelve years later the
Ccutenmal 117
l)rpciii('1 w;is (M-cctcd iiilo Jill iiidcpciKlciil lowii. 'riiouyh its
limits (li'cw ill ;in fjistcni section of Iloldt'ii. as Avell as a seg-
111,. lit of Stcrliiii:-. |)afish secession had l)een from IJoylston and
the clnifcli common had been within that town. Naturally the
old desiiiiiat ion passed o\ ei' into llie new name.
The Ilohh-ii line, thus carried westward to the outer edge of
the new town, ran pei'haps half a mile or so west of this hall.
Sterling furnished the noiilieast section, IJoylstoii all the rest.
T.efore becoming a separate town. Ilolden had heen the north
part of Worcester. Sterling was at first a west part of Lan-
caster, while Boylston had itself been set off froni Shrewslniry.
AVhile. therefore. West IJoylston Avas tlireetly made up from
Boylston. Sterling, and Ilolden. it oeeui)ied territory Avhich.
before these intermediate towns began their separate existence,
was Lancaster. AYorcester. and Shrewsbury. This building
stands on ground that was first in Shrewsbury, then in Boyls-
ton. and the same is ti-iie of tln^ other public buildings. Boun-
dary lines were shifted and nanu-s were changed a good deal in
the early times. In his autobiography Kobert B. Thomas said
he had •• resided in four incorporated towns and two distinct
parishes and one precinct, yet never moved from the same
farm." lie did not mention living in tw(» countries. Great
Britain and the I'nited States.
In yet earlier tinu^s there were, probably. Indian Ikuucs. The
soil has been somewhat fei'tile in arrow heads antl other Indian
relics, some (d' which seem to suggest more than hunting ex-
cursions and appear to indicate settled residence. Wdiere the
reservoir IxmI widens, the level intervale may have invited
settlenuuit. with ample corn fields near at hand, and surround-
ing hills wlier<' deer and wild turkeys tempted foraging arrows
of dusky huntsmen. (Certain it is that a Kutlaiul trail from the
heacbpuirters of the X-ishaway tribe at Lake AVaushakum
crossed Still ii\-er and passed near where the Methodist (duirch
now stands.
.\s three towns parted with territory to make West IJoylston,
whi(di. ill tnrn. were sections lost from three eai'lier and larger
(Mies, so were there three yet earlier cessions of liitliaii territory.
Centennial 119
Sliohin. sadieiii ol' llic XasliawMv ti-il)(\ wliosc scat ol' g'oveni-
ineiit and foyal I'csidciicc was at Lal^c Waiisliakuiu. made a
^rraiit of tci'ritory to 'I'lioiiias l\iim- in \<\\'.\. less than a quarter
of a eeiitury after PlyinouHi Laiuliiiu'. Tliis warx Xashawogg or
Xashua. which, liciiig inach^ a town, was named Lancaster
Georg-e Tahanto. Indian Saganioi-c and nephew of Sholan, en-
larged this grant 1)\- a tract west of the other, whicli included
Chocksett noAv called Sterling. Other Indians present and
setting their mark on the ch^^d whi(di Sagamore George Ta-
hanto signed with liis mai'lv. were ^Fary Annsocamaiig. John
AVons(|non. .lojui A(]nitticns. and Teter Puekataugh. Ont of
Qninsigamon. now AV()rcest(M'. Sagamoi'c ())ninr(onassett. who
lived at Packachoag Hill, sold a ti'act to Danitd Gookin and
others Jnly 13. KiT-t. Tln-ee triads of Indian territory, eai'ly
township, and ncAvei' town. Avent successively to form this con-
glomerate unit with the dually composite name. AVelded and
annealed the I'csnlting product lu'eaks up hard. We have
lu'ought (Uir nine lixcs out of ttie wre(dc of the once charming
but now desolated \alley and huilded hetter on the highland.
••After us the deluge."
Earliest white settlement is credited to Jacob Hinds, and
dated 1720. one hundred yc^ars after settlement at Plymouth.
Within ten or fift(M-n years other settlers began to come, aiul
slow immigration ap])ears to hav(^ continued through the eight-
eenth centui'y. Nearly one hundred families Avere here, and not
(piite 600 people living in !>8 houses. wIkmi the toAvn Avas incor-
porated in 1808.
]\Iore than LIO i-atabh^ polls, then lUMpiii-ed for town incoi-po-
ration. incduded oiily 105 legal voters. Among those debarred
the franchise Avere nine heads of families. It is easy to suspect
the disci-epancy partly due to that union of church and state
nevei" fully dissolvcnl U)itil exactly a (piarter of a century after-
Avard. in IS.'!:], a date Avcdl within the memory of men iioav
living.
Like men. toA\ns have persoiudity and distinetixc (diai-actei",
though simple, unified ])ersonality may s(ddom appeal' in a man
or a toAvn. Geography seems a deternnning factoi' in the ])i-ob-
120 V^Gst Boylston
lem of every grejit i»e(»])le"s develoi)iuent. and often operates
even in restricted local limits. A salient feature here is the
river, Avhich, to this day. has played an olivions part. But for
the river there would have l)een no town hall dedication, and
rivers, like town halls, are not sure to prove always pure and
unmixed blessings. The once beautiful valley has its river still,
but. f(n' that river, is at last shorn of its charms and denuded.
Still River stole away from ^It. Wachusett to uum^ (^uina-
poxet here and form the south branch of the Nashua ; this joiiKMl
its north mate just below Lancaster's Colonial burying ground,
and they went on together to the ]\[errimac where busy Nashua
was yet to be. The oMerrimac system is throughout industrious
despite the idling disposition of the ('Oncord dreaming ])hil()So-
phic and historic di-eams. Along these ri\er lines, from Pena-
cook and beyond down to Lowell and beyond, is an incessant
hum; unnumbered turbines churn the exuberant flood into golil-
en product, hi every act and feature the ^Mei-rimac system is
like a group of busy, thrifty, enterprising women. New P]ngland
born and brecL Hardly anywhere in the country was there a
cotton mill before a "West Boylston spindle was Avhirring and a
West Boylston power loom turning miles of river current into
yards of cotton fabric. Enterprise has always spurred the in-
dustrious town : a saw mill would be re})laced by a scythe manu-
factory ; a grist mill grew into a lousiness having salesrooms in
Worcester and requiring a private spur track for shipment
here; two book-binders, one of whom was a [)ul)lisher, were
already here when the precinct became a township; the cabinet
maker, shoe manufacturer, machinist, and clothier, the florist,
the organ builder, these and more, have manifested the enter-
prising tendency which began before the life of the town. A
farm develops into a dairy; physicians reared or practising
here go as specialists elsewhere or hold wide practice at home;
teachers from our schools go to positions in city schools or col-
leges; their pupils keep an eye out beyond pul)lic school bound-
aries toward institutions of collegiate grade. This tendency
has not come l\v sh»w de\elo[nnent and is not characteristic of
later times ah»iie. hiil can be traced i'l-oiu the site of the lower
CrufoiuUil 121
f<u-t(»ry. thr()U<zh the \;illcy. iiiul ui» hotli sli'ciiiiis heyoiid Axlicrc
till' Nashua itself heg'aii.
While local eirenmstailees ha\c ihcil- I'eeouiiized (le\-el()])illg
effect, blood too Mill tell and le;)dei'shi|) also tells. Karl\- leader-
ship was strong. .\'o man rc^presented it more than Ezra l>ea-
iiiaii. The largest [)roi)erty holder haj^pened to ])ossess the ])er-
sonal endowments of a leader of men. In Keyes' Biographical
sketch he is nsuall>- gi\-eii his niililary title of .Major. l)nt in one
place a mis])rint makes him Ma\'or Heamaii. \Voi-se mistakes
occur, for whatev<'r. and howex'er important, his militaiy and
numerous ci\'il offices, no one donhts that Ezra Beaman was
]\Iayor of West Pxjylston. As a citizen of Shrewsbury when this
was Shrewsbury, then of Boylston for the setting apart of
Avhich he was head petitioner, ami afterAvard of AVest l>oyls-
ton of which he was the father, he was an efficient leadei'. Ten
times elected as one of the Selectmen of Shrewsbui'y. he was
Chairman of the Board first in Boylston then in West Boylston.
Nothing was more natural than that he should be first town
treasurer first chairman of the selectmen and. without «»ne
opposing \()te. first representatix'e to the Legislature where h(^
remained until he dietl. To trace highways, note |)rominent
buildings, and track ])rogressive businc^ss enterprises, would be
to encounter vestiges of the judgment and efficitMit acti\ity of
this remarkable man. Followed as a leader while lie li\(Ml. when
buried he was attended by a funeral procession whi(di. return-
ing from Beaman burying gi'ound. i-(-a(died batdv to his house
before the last of the long column had started toward the
grave. As a soldier he had been at Bunker Hill when his
townsman General W'ard was connnander in chief at Cam-
bridge, as a citizen he had been at the froid in every new enter-
prise and taken the brunt of e\ crN battle.
If he is better known by deeds than words, no lack of either
was left by Kobert B. Thomas, first town clerk, several times
chairman of the selectmen, repeatedly a nu-mbci- of the Legisla-
ture, as well as i'epresentati\-e of the town in the Con\-en-
tion of 1820 Avhich revised the Massachusetts State Constitution
of 1780. lie was a large propei'ty lioldci-. and conducted a book
122 TFe.s/ Boylston
l)in(lery out of which developed the Old Fanners' Almanac
which he founded in 1798 and edited more than half a century.
lie was the larg-est contributor to Thomas Hall, named for liim,
in Avhicli a t(»\vn meetinti' was fii'st held four months and four
days after his death in 1S4(). Tf these and men associated with
them set the pace for this Town, and if its river naturally ])ore
their influence alono' on an nni'nilin.u- current, its business enter-
prise does not ^\ holly lack a ]<ey to interpretation.
Add to this int"lli.yen('e and lo\-e of knowled.ee sudi as drew
together the little elul) of students in science that gathered
about the veneraltle hoi'ologist and with him studied the stars,
that mc^anwhih' not oidy di'ew upon scliools but also fostered
them, add I'eliu'ious eanu^stness which sonietiuies burned its fire
on the altar of controversy, with moral charactei- that makes
the gi'a\es of oui' j^reibM-essors hoimraltle. and we may find at
once interi)i'etation of the past and incitement for the future.
Not one of those first \'otei's will cast a ballot in this hall.
Struggles and di\'isions of counsel they had in their time Init
old controvei'sies are silent, the houi' of final adjourmnent has
made ]^eace and tog(^ther they ha\'e ])assed o\'er to the majority.
As Ave who follow them enter this new hall coming from a
building dedicat(^d to that govenuneut whi(di is supreme, let us
see to it that, as heretofore so hereaft<M'. (vn-h innv voter coming
to the place where he assumes the high duty of suffrage shall
find its associations bracing his chai'acter and guiding his duty.
Let us resolve that \ve will do our part to nnike its acts of legis-
lation worthy of conscientious cil izeiiship ; its elect i\-e utterance
consistent \\itli the loyal |)ast. encouraging t(» a hojx'ful future;
its uses harmonious with the )n)rmal and digiiified |)urposes of
th(^ building; its doors Avide open e(|ually to all. and its honor-
aide record kept w(»rtliy of |)ristine ,\mericanisni ami the starry
flag that ne\-er Hoated fi'eely sa\-e in the oi)en air.
Ever in a fi'ce ( 'ommouAveidth are two great combinations of
forces and tendencies o])erating — the constructive and destruc-
tive. Parties come and go and party nanu's cease oi' change,
yet two parties abide immortal througli all convulsion, all ])i'o-
tracted altei'iition oi- decaA'. Kver fresh and acti\'e, ■thev in-
Centennial 123
elude. ros])('cti\"('ly. tlic Dicii who hiiild up jiiid llic humi wlio tear
down, l^ctwccn these the light is ahvHvs on. The brigades
make Inigc din in Commonwealths, companies and scouts fight
more ol)sciii'ely in e\ery little town. We cannot evade the
battle; we ought neithei" to Avish nor darc^ to h't ibis new garri-
son house see the rt^-reaney of degenerate sons of noble sires.
Churches have gi\en this town birth and po]i1i<-:d home. Rich
Avith churehly association and inheritance, to what do av(^ now
dedicate this new building? How can Ave belter dedicate a
building representing government than to the King of Kings?
Can Ave rise to the high conception and dedicate it noAV to God?
After the siuging of a selection by the quartet, <!'hairmaii Scarlett
introduced Dr. G. Stanley Hall of Worcester, j^resideiit of Clark Univer-
sity. Dr. Hall took for his subject. "Good Citizeiishii>. " '
J)K. <;. ST.VM.KY IIaIJ. Ol- \V()l!t ISTKU
I'KKSIDK.NT OF CLAHK f M \ KKSITV
'W^^.
ADDRESS BY DR. G. STANLEY HALL.
"Although pcrsoiuilly a sti'aiig'ci' to many of yon. Ave are not
only neioiilxirs. but h;i\e today one conimon bond of synij)athy,
for in a peculiar sense 1 regret with you the absence from this
program of the Ex-Seeretary of the Navy,*an illustrious patriot,
statesman and orator, who is liound to you by loeal ties that
made him your logical spokesman to bring out the lessons of
the day, and whose words would make even a less occasion
memorable. The recollections of the dedication of our own City
Hall are so fresh in the minds of "Worcester citizens that I know^
I may present their hearty congratulations, as well as my own.
for we know something of the satisfaction you mast all feel.
"AVhile our edifice Avas Imilding, and still more just after-
ward, we experienced something of a revival of loeal pride and
interest in good citizenship. AVe revised and improved our
charter, and there Avas a marked aAvakening of zest in public
affairs. Positions in the city government became more dignified,
Avere filled, on tlic Avhole. by l)etter men. and there Avas especial-
ly in the community at lai-ge a broader and more intelligent
vicAV of local problems. It is this that suggests to me that I can
choose no titter theme than to try roughly and briefly to in-
dicate a fcAv of the ti'aits that mark the good citizen.
■'But 1)efore entering upon this topic. 1 must make one pre-
mise, it is on(^ duty of the academic teacher to everyAvhere seek
to cultivate idealism, so if as T proceed it shall occur to any of
you that the good citizen I descril)e may live in Plato's ideal
state or in the Xcav -lerusalem, but not in Worcester or in West
Boylst<»n. and perhaps not aiiywiiei-e. i begin Avith a fraidv con-
fession tiiat this is ti'ue. and that my oAvn practice is not up to
my theory, and that as I proceeded in preparing this address I
realized more and more that in maiiv of the foUoAving items I
*JIoii. .Idlin ]). Ijoiiy.
126 VCesi Boylsfo)!
have lint niNsclf in the past l)eeii a very good eitizeii. and that
from this tini(^ on I am resolved at legist to try to be a better
one.
"There ha\c hecni times and i)laees in the past when citizen-
ship was an honor reserved for the few. Plato would have it
conferred almost like a university degree. It has involved
oaths, consecrations and qualifications of birth, wealth and in-
telligence now quite olisolete. Indeed Ave have now gone quite
to the opposite extreme and its prerogatives have been so chea})-
ened that instead of being a special boon it has become so com-
mon-place and matter of course that its h(»meliest duties and
obligations are often forgotten. So far has this gone that some
eminent students of government have deli1)erately advanced not
only a progressively higher scale of educational qualifications
and probationary tests. l)ut have even proposed to insist upon
moral standards by disfranchisement not only for all those con-
victed of certain crimes — 1n-ibery. corruption and vote selling —
but for quite a list of dishonorable acts. By these means they
have hoped slowly to raise the standard of full membership in
the ])ody politic and to invest it with more dignity and honor.
Let us try then to count off a few of the attriluites of an ideal
good citizen.
"1 — He should know something of the laws under Avhicli he
lives ; should have read and studied the charter of his own city :
should know personally something of its institutions, its lil)rary.
hospitals, houses of detention and correction, its provisions to
insure the public health, and all that immediately jiertains to
his own rights and duties. In our early New England commu-
nities many men. as they advance in years. ])ec(ime squires who
were authorities even in the smallest communities on all minor
and most local matters. This does not mean that every man can
become his own lawyer, still less that he should know the con-
tents of the tons of law books a recent writer says are necessary
in a large, model law oi!ice. but he should know what pertains
to all local chai'ities. and should consider lioth local economies
and deficiencies and their metlutds. To this end I have long
urged instruction in what is often termed civics in our schools.
Centennial 127
jxn'haps with A'isits to institutions ns object lessons in onler to
make the duty to the coinniunity a moral obligation, and also
to make it intelligent, llo-w many of ns here today have satis-
fied this requirement? Certainly I foi- one have ]iot lived np to
the full measure of this ideal.
"2 — The good citizen will do all in his power to obey and to
help enforce the letter and the spirit of the hiws. He will not
seek to evade them in his individual or in Ids corporate capa-
city. Of course. Ave must not carry this so far as tt) disallow the
right of revolt or e\en re\-olution against laws that are really
iniquitous. This is always a sacred palladium of liberty in the
community and of the individual conscience. Even defective
la^vs should be ti'eated with respect, and when in doubt the
decision should ahvays be conformity and not violation. (3ur
statute books are full of inoperative laAvs that are a dead letter,
and the enforcement of some has never been seriously attempt-
ed, but Ave have often, especially since Roosevelt tried it as
police commissioner of Xcav York, learned that the best Avay of
securing the repeal of unjust laAvs is to enforce them literally.
"Man is a iiolitical animal, and liy his very nature must Iioav
to the collective Avill, because not only in general everybody is
AA^iser than anybody, but because bad laAvs are often the fault
of the citizens' lack of vigilance. Even Jesus, the founder of
our faith, submitted to injustice. When Socrates Avas imprison-
ed and aAvaiting the fatal hemlock, and friends paved the Avay
for his escape and urged the gross injustice of his sentence, in a
vision a veiled figure of the hiAA's of Greece stood before him at
night and said : " I hav(^ nurtured you from infancy. I protected
and educated you so that in a spiritual sense you are my child
and OAA'e me allegiance." and thus he preferred to die rather than
to violate even an unrighteous decree. In this sense, then, the
good citizen. knoAving Avell the laAV, Avill respect not only its
letter, but its spirit.
"3 — The good citizen Avill pay his taxes cheerfully, promptly
and completely. lie Avill Avish to reserve nothing from the
appraisal list. This. too. he Avill make a matter of civic honor.
He Avill reflect that he profits to the full extent bv the roads.
128 ^Vest Boy 1st on
the {protection of the laws, schools and other pulilie institutions.
and will desire to do his full share to support them. The very
term taxes and tax collector is sometimes obnoxious, especially
in these days of increasing rates, but here again, under the
great law of division of labor there is probably no investment
that brings a larger return than for taxes. To shirk or evade
these and thus throAv our burden upon others, especially for the
rich to throw the expenses of local government upon the poor
in a community, is bad citizenship. We must probably expect
that tax rates will increase, and Ave must do all in our jiower to
ensure their more and more equitable distribution.
'•4 — Next to this duty I should place that of attending the
caucus. This in wards and precincts has inherited not a iew of
th(- functions of the old-fashioned town meeting — the palladium
of liberty in the early rural communities. A voice here is often
far more effective than a vote in elections. The chief business
of the caucus is to steer good men in and bad men out of can-
didacies. The briefless lawyers, the men out of a job. petty
l)osses with their still pettier henchmen, boodlers and chronic
office seekers. $800 men seeking $3000 places, schemers with
their slates, those who trade and dicker with patronage — some
or all of these exist in most communities, large and even small,
and they are best antagonized in the caucus, which is often the
storm center of the fight for good local government. Every-
thing here ought to be free and questions and candidacies open,
but now we sometimes have even the prelimiiiary caucus, and
wherever this is held the good citizen will ])i^netrate and let his
voice be heard.
"5 — The good citizen will have it on his conscience to vote at
ever}' election. Every real vote involves intelligent and moral
purpose. It is our duty to know something of the candidates
whose names appear upon our ticket and. if possible, to be able
to give an intelligent and truthful reason for our choice. The
effects of weather upon elections is not an edifying topic to n
truly democratic republican. He woukl brave a storm and
penetrate to the farthest corner of a gerrvmandered district if
Centennial 129
his pcisotijil husincss were at stake: \\\\\ not all tlie more wlieii
tliat of the pnljlic is concerned?
•One of the most impressive facts to me has always been that
of the i)resitlent of the United States, often journeying far. to
cast his singh^ vote, although he knows that some unlettered and
unwashed renegade, just naturalized and l)rihed with a dollar,
can mniti'alize his vote. There is a good ohl ring in the well-
woni phrase, "the freeman easting Avith unpurchased hand the
vote that shakes the turrets of the land." AVe should reflect
more upon the fact that each individual does count for one than
ni)on th(^ fact that he counts for only one.
■■fj — My ideal citizen, if sought for an office, will accept it.
however humble, and Avill not let it go begging. lie will feel
that the voice of the people in this respect is the call of God.
The ideal office holder in (Uir smaller communities will be a nmn
with a business of his own aiul not dependent on the public crib
for his daily food, and In- will gladly bear some personal incon-
venience and make some sacrifice of personal interest if he is
called to do so. Sometimes I have even thought that the Euro-
pean Avay of man. who knows he is fit. announcing his candida-
cy wnth no secret overtures, pledges or backers, would in some
cases make for both the dignity and efficiency of an office. All
these public functions should be exercised by people known to
the community at large that the voter may be freed from the
suspicion that unknown men are unworthy and also relieved
from th(^ onerous duty of investigating each name upon his
ticket. China and Germany, under two very different systems,
may be said to almost confer the degree of fit for office. Every
position has its educational qualifications. As the student goes
up the grades each opens more offices to him. Alayors are edu-
cated and have a diploma. Their function is a profession, and
cities sometimes rival each other in bidding for those of proved
efficiency.
"AVhen the Niagara Improvement Company advertised for the
best physicist in the land to tell them how they could overcome
the enormous fi-iction of a stream of water 12 feet wide, falling
l^Ofect on a tnrl)ine. Avith a 12-inch sliaft of the same weiglit. a
130 VCesi Boylston
friction that involved great loss of" power. Professoc Kowlaiul of
the John Hopkins University came forward with the sinii)l(^ plan
of having the stream curve around at the bottom and strike the
turbine from below upward, thus almost exactly uvcrconiing the
friction. He wrought the scheme out in a few raimites and
charged $10,000. at which the Company, which could easily have
afforded to pay twenty times that amount, demurred, and in
the trial the professor was asked whom he regarded as the most
eminent physicist in the country. He replied. 'I am.' Avhich
everybody would have admitted was true. AVhen afterwards
his friends remonstrated with him for this reply, which seemed
to them egotistic, he replied. 'But I was under oath and had to
tell the truth.' Thus a just sense of one's qualifications for any
duty, office or function, justifies seeking it. but this alone. I
have tried to study education for 3'ears but I never sought
office and do not believe I could be elected on a "Worcester
school board in my own ward, but what troubles my conscience
is that if I were elected I fear I should not have the virtue to
serve because of the sacrifice, and I think it would not be ego-
tistic to confess that I would be a bad citizen.
''7 — Another duty of the citizen is to speak out when things
go wrong. I have no sympathy with the chronic grumbler and
critic who finds everything rotten in our civic life, who is always
scenting corruption where it does not exist, who accepts no
explanations but the worst : but I have no whit more respect
for the citizen whose maxim is. 'Make no enemies.' I believe it
is everyone's duty to make enemies and to let his virtue be
known by the kind of enemies he makes. There is enough
virtue in every town to keep it ])ur('. if it would only come for-
ward and be patent and not latent. I love to hear the pulpit
sometimes speak out with emphasis where moral questions are
involved or to see signed letters of remonstrance in the press. I
deem it cowardly to let evil go un rebuked. The strenuous life
demands that the individual should judge and judge intensely
and vigorously. Gossip at its best is a potent psychological
engine.
Centennial 131
The good citizen should also feel it his duty to let no good act
go unpraised. Quintillian declared that one of the chief offices of
the orator was to eulogize every good and great deed done in
the community, and Beecher said that no funeral sermon should
be preached that did not discriminatingly sum up and award its
meed of praise to the best qualities of the dead. Tacitus tells
us. if I remember aright, that the ancient Scythians had a large
chair upholstered with the leather made from the skins of
judges who had pronounced unjust judgments, and in this
chair, as an awful warning, every judge must sit when he ren-
dered a verdict. But it is much better for us as we sit in our
untanned hides to remember the moral of this custom when we
are tempted to violate the Bible adage. ^Judge not, lest ye be
judged. '
"8 — Local pride and even patriotism begins in each man's
dooryard. It is the very kindergarten duty of good citizenship
to keep this tidy and to make it add something to the beauty of
the street, to adorn it with flowers and shrubs, to perform the
homely function of shoveling our paths promptly after storms
and scatter ashes on the ice. Like everything else, the best
virtues begin at home. Zeal for good roads, drinking fountains
and watering troughs, numbers on the houses, street signs, and
I would even add public latrines, every monument, inscription
on an old site or dwelling, or on a stone to mark an historic spot,
every act of village improvement — all these are items of signifi-
cance and tend to make even the smallest localities attractive to
the young, who are too prone to leave them, and also to create
a wholesome local pride.
"0 — I M'ill even venture to add another duty with which you
may not all agree. I believe that the good citizen and voter,
unless there is some special reason to the contrary, will marry,
have a home of his own. be the head of a household and the
father of children. I am no faddist on this theme. I recognize
that there are exceptions. I am not ready to vote a progressive
tax on all bachelors after the age of thirty, but I do believe that
public opinion is now slowly beginning to set in this direction
and that in the future it is liable to ask more and more insist-
ingly of every able-bodied, intelligent man. who can earn the
132 West BoijIsto7i
means of supixu't, and who does not marry, why! Not only is
the home the heart of the town, the state, the country, the
world, and lieredity the most aneient form of wealth and worth,
but the science of hiology is urging with more and more in-
sistence that the best test of an individual or the race, is the
power to In-ing healthy children into the world and to rear them
to full and complete maturity. The promise to Abraham of old
was that if he kept covenant with God, his seed should be as the
stars of heaven for multitude, and the enormous growth of the
Jews in all lands seems like a fulfillment of this prophecy. If
this be true, the decay of American families and the increase of
abandoned farms is a sad commentary upon our solution of per-
haps the greatest of all the tests of pulilie and private well-
being.
"10 — Once more, and wnth some hesitation. I w^ould raise here
the question whether it is not the duty of every man of means,
wh.o makes a will, to becpieath in it something for the benefit of
the community in which that wealth was acquired. ]\[any laws,
ancient and modern, not only tax inheritance, but by years of
jubilee and in other ways sequester large fortunes for the good
of the public. 1 know the dangers of mortmain or the dead
hand and how in older countries large properties are tied up by
conditions of donors generations and centuries ago. who in-
sisted on attaching conditions that in later generations were
fomid to actually violate the purpose had in mind. Next to the
virtue of being ashamed to die rich, however, is that of so
making one's last will and testament that it shall bring relief
to suffering, service to the i)ublic. advantage to higher educa-
tion, oi' in some other way recognize the great fact that no man
liveth or dieth to himself. In those communities sure to in-
crease with tlie progress of years in a country like ours, where
the living thus profit l\y the thoughtfulness of the dead. 1 would
have their memories kept green.
"We need not worship ancestors like the Chinese, but we
should rciiicnihci- with gratitude all those great and thoughtful
souls that liave attempted to make the world that was to come
after them bett(M- and riclnn- in o]>i>oi'tunities than it would
Centennial 133
otherwise have been. 1 wouhl have something of the lives of all
great local benefactors piously tanght in the schools, that their
purpose be kept living and their names known and respected by
the yonng.
"11 — In times of great crisis, when vital national issues are
at stake, no one need to be reminded that the good citizen will
fight, and. if need be, lay down his life for his country. War is,
alas, sometimes a stern necessity, and Avhile most men in most
times can bt^st serve righteousness by their lives, they are some-
times called to die for what they live for. There is no nobler
exhibition of man's profoundly social and gregarious nature
than that he is ready for great causes to make this supreme
sacrifice. The lives of those who have answered thus the call of
the state make the purest, best, reddest blood of heroism, on
which the souls of youth grow to be themselves heroic. 1 have
little faith in the programs of universal peace and I am not sure
that in the present estate of men the wager of battle is not
sometimes necessary to weed out the unfit and to bring to the
front the power of higher motives that slumber through the
entire lives of most of us.
"12 — Have we not nearly reached a point where municipali-
ties, large and small, should be administered on business prin-
ciples? I l)elieve in parties and belong to one, but I have for
years felt it my duty in local afifairs to vote for the best man
irrespective of party as Avell as creed. This is not mugwumpery.
Everyone knows that if any man's private affairs w^ere admin-
istered with the same loose and uneconomic methods as those
with which most towns are managed, his business would fail.
Is this right? Is it necessary? ]\Iust there be, should there be
jobs, soft snaps, precious franchises freely given for long ten-
ures, uniu^cessary work provided to keep the unemployed busy,
or high wages for poor work ?
"Here is the weakest point in our whole American system,
and one in which we may well hang our heads in shame when
we compare our local government with that in most European
lands. I lielieve there is progress, however, even here, very
slow though it be. Boards of trade have done something to
134 Vi'est Boy 1st on
stimulate better methods, but the public purse is rarely safe-
guarded and a quid pro quo, dollar for dollar, rarely exacted,
such as we would all require in private expenditures. Business
is an immense machine, the laws of which no one knows, not
even the political economist. It is more and more controlling.
Its methods are pervading church, school, public life, giving us
new ideals of art and even manners and absorbing the best
young talent of the world. Init it is not yet recognized that the
city is only a big corporation and should be administered with
severe and rigid enforcement of every principle of economy and
efficiency. Ideally, it should set fashions in these respects to
every business in it.
"13 — Finally, the school and its administration is a civic
duty. Xo institution is so world-wide in its extent or so influen-
tial. Comprehensive school systems are found in Africa. North
and South, and in India, and Professor Fitch has told us that
one of the l)est in the world is in iMadagascar. open there to the
savage ]\Iaori. There has prol)ably never l)een such a universal
consensus as that which supports education today. ]Men differ
in everything else, but believe enthusiastically in the schools.
The world goes to school. In very many smaller communities
school buildings are the largest and best in town, and this is
well. The condition of the schoolyard is, I believe, a matter of
civic pride, and I have heard it called an index of the vigor of
local patriotism. School boards of communities often have
charge of the largest of all expenditures. These boards should
be small and given great responsibility, and held to commen-
surate accountability. I am inclined to agree with our governor
that on these matters women, who constitute today more than
three-fourths of the teachers of the country, should have a vote
if they want it, and should want it. Its members should always
be the best and wisest men in town. Into their hands the
future is committed.
"President White has told us of a school board somewhere in
New York state, where some matters of school hygiene it had
passed upon were brought into court, and it occurred to a
young lawyer to ask one of the mem])ers of this sapient school
Centennial US
lioard what hy^iciic was. ami he r('|)li('(l tliat it Avas a sta<;iiant,
slimy pool of water with a green film over it.
••Yon remember a few years ago. when in one of the largest
cities of the eonntry the school board was discussing a motion
to place twel\-e gondolas n|)oii a sliallow pond in the i)ark for
the delectation of the children, a new member gravely ai'ose and.
said that he wished his first word in that board to be for econo-
my, and that ihercfoi-e instead of twehc gomloias he would
suggest one male and one fetUfde gondola, •nid trusl natnre to
make it twelve.
''A colleague of mine tells the story of a southei-n s(juire. who,
as he grew old and tii-ed of judging tedious problems, told his
son. who succeeded him in office, that he had adopted the prin-
ciple of only hearing one side of the eases brought before him
for decision, because hearing the other side confused his mind.
School matters should more and more come into the hands of
experts, but hei-e. too. 1 am no pessimist, for I Ixdieve at any
rate that in our smaller counnunitii^s the best men usnally serve
in this office.
"You will all thiidv of nmny more traits of the ideal citizen.
The gi'eat enemy of ninnicipal life in this country toda>' is
absorption in individual gain and neglect of public duties. This
has been pointed out a thousand times, but there is no real
remedy except to lay the matter upon our consci'ence on every
occasion. Some compensate^ for the neglect of near duties by
entluisiasm fo)- those that ai'e afar. I have read of a lady in
N(nv York attending a missionary meeting and Aveeping over
the sutfering and death of Alexander Mackay. the hero of
Uganda, while her coatdnnan Avas frozen to death Avaiting for
her outside. I Avas invited to dine Avith half a dozen others at
the house of a prominent lady. Avho kept us Avaiting and hungry
for half an hour Avhile she Avas attending a meeting of a
Avoman's (dub. Avhi(di Avas worked up to a Avhite heat over the
question whcthei' Hepresentati\-e Smoot of Utah had one Avife or
tAVo.
■■()ui- philanthro|)y in these days of expansion is xcry lial)le
to diffuse its(df to cosmic dntics and nmke us foi'gct the neai-est
136 IFf'-s/ Boylston
duties for those tliat are farthest. The |)r(>l)lenis of eitizenship
are many aiul great. In Russia I onee attended a meeting of
the mir. It was a town meeting of those who a little more than
a generation ago were serfs. It was held out of doors on the
common. A city hall is the slow evolution of the old trihal
house of the primitive elans of savage men. It ought to he the
citadel of all local civic virtue kept pure from every touch of
corruption and be forever sacred to the highest interests of the
town. As it is dedicated today, let us all rededicate ourselves
to the cause of good local government, to doing the nearest civic
duty and to subordination, wherever it is necessary, of personal
to communal well-being."
The address was jiieeted with prolonged applause.
The remainder of tlie afternoon was taken np with sliort addresses by
fornier residents of the town. The first ealled upon was Henry F. Harris
of Worcester, formerly a nienil)er of the West Boylston Manufacturing
Company, and now one of tlie leading attorneys of Worcester. Mr.
Harris said that he was proud to be a native of the town, and that he had
taken part in the town affairs for many years. He expressed his sorrow
of learning of the demolition of the town, but added that he was glad to
see that it had arisen from tlie ruins and become a town of progress and
industry. In closing he ]>redicted a l)ri]liant future for the town with a
clianco of liecoming one of the leading towns of the commonwealth.
Warren Goodale of Clinton, recently elected county commissioner, was
next called upon by Selectman Scarlett. Mr. Goodale had been asked to
speak of his early reminiscences of the town. In his address he paid a
tribute to Miss Sarah J. Brown, for many years a teacher in the public
schools, and one of the teachers that were responsible for Mr. Goodale 's
education. "She gave up nearly her whole life for teacliing, " added Mr.
Goodale. ''and was one of tlie liest teachers that the town ever had.''
Mr. Goodale spoke of his former associations and brought liack old scenes
and recollections.
Rev. P. A. McQuillian, S. .1., a member of the faculty of Holy Cross
college, Worcester, addressed the meeting. He had been asked to speak
on the town as it was. First he congratulated the town on its hall and
greeted the townspeople cordially. Fr. McQuillian, in the course of his
address, congratulated Henry O. Sawyer upon his recent election as mayor
of Fitchburg. This gratulation elicited long and hearty ajiplause.
Fr. McQuillian spoke touchingly of the scenes and reminiscences of his
(diildhood and closed with heartv wishes for the success of the town.
Centennial 137
Mayor llcniv C). Sawyer of Fitclibiir*;, recently of West Boylston, was
preetod with jir(il(ni<:c<l ai)plause when he arose, and it was some time
before lie was able to s))eak. Mayor Sawyer has been in Fitchburg but
four years, but was elected mayor of that city in December by the largest
vote ever cast in a Fitchburg city election. He brought the well wishes
of the city of Fitcliburg to the town of West Boylston, and offered his
l)ersonal congratulations to the townspeople.
E. A. Cowee, ex-re])resentative from the district to which West Boylston
belongs and a former business man of the jilace, when called upon pre-
sented the town a clock for the hall. Mr. Cowee said that he had noticed
that there was not a timepiece in the hall, and thought that by presenting
one, it would be a good way to perjietuate the name of Cowee.
Leander Ross of Boston, a native of the town and a state senator, was
called upon and offered his congratulations.
Tjouis Cutting of Worcester, who was asked to s])eak, was unable to be
]iresent on account of illness.
The nshers were: William T. Holmes, Walter E. Robbins, Walter A.
Bowen, Daniel A. Lynch and Lewis W. Sawyer.
These guests were seated on the platform: Dr. G. Stanley PTall, presi-
dent of Clark university, Worcester; Mayor Henry O. Sawyer of Fitch-
liiirg: Rev. P. A. McQuillian, Holy Cross college, Worcester; County com-
missioner Warren Goodale. Clinton; Rev. John E. Dodge, West Boylston;
Rev. Julius B. Robinson, West Boylston; Atty. Henry F. Harris, Worces-
ter- Samuel S. Russell, Worcester; Edward A. Cowee, Worcester; Myron
W. Ilougliton, Worcester; Frank Hildreth, Worcester; the selectmen of
West Boylston, Andrew J. Scarlett, Alexander Snow, Willie B. Wood.
In the evening theie was the dedication ball. The attendance was the
largest that has ever assembled for a dance, parties coming from Clinton,
Sterling, Holden, Boylston and SlnewslMuy. Harry E. Brigham's orches-
tra of Marlboro gave a concert program of five numbers from 8 to 9. At
0 o'clock the march was fornu'd for the first dance in the town hall, Frank
11. Baldwin and Miss Edna C. Baldwin leading the march. There were
.•ibout 50 couples in line. Supjier was served by Whitney of Clinton.
The hall was decorated witli a huge inverted Japanese umbrella hung
from the center of the hall. To each corner ran streamers of red and
white bunting, tlie whole making a luetty and effective decoration.
Totted jilants and ])alnis were used on the stage.
The floor director was Albert (). BuUard, and the aides. Alexander Mc-
Ken/ie, Arthur 11. Sawyer. W. B. Wood. W. Clifford Scarlett, George T.
Rand, William E. Storms, Fiank II. Baldwin, George F. Smith and Carle-
ton A. Cook.
The reception coinn.ittee consisted (if Andrew J. Scarlett, Alexander
Snow. John C. Hastings, Walter E. Chapman, Charles S. Whittemore, War-
ren ,1. Meriiam, Edward A. Cowee and Linus G. Harris.
Centennial
139
LIST OF TOWN OFFICIALS.
A list of certain town officials elected at the annual March
meetings follows. The names of those chosen to fill vacancies
do not appear unless elected at the subsequent annual meeting.
TOWN CLERKS.
Robert B. Thomas,
1808
Joseph Hiuds,
1809-
-1812
Ezra Bigelow,
1813-
-1822
Francis Davis,
1S23-
-1824
Seth White,
1825-
-1829
Ephraim Bigelow,
1830-
-1836
Benjamin F. Keyes,
1837-
-1839
Barney Howe,
1840-
-1849
Oliver B. Sawyer,
1850-
-1854
Horatio Houghton,
1855-
-1864
Henry F. Holt,
1865
Edward Howe.
1866-
-1868
Henry 0. Sawyer,
1869
Horatio Houghton,
1S70-
-1895
William T. Holmes,
1S96-
-19—
SELECTMEN.
1808
1810
Ezra Beaman, Chairman
Jonathan Plimpton
William Fairbank
Silas Beaman
Amos Lovell
Ezra Beaman. Chairman
Paul Goodale
Barnabas Davis
Silas Xewton
.Jacob Hinds
1809
1811
Ezra Beaman, Chairman
Paul Goodale
William Fairbank
Silas Beaman
John Temple
Ezra Beaman. Chairman
William Fairbank
Barnabas Davis
Jacob Hiuds
Silas Xewton
140
VCesi Boylston
William Fairbaiik,
Paul Goodale
Eobert B. Thomas
Barnabas Davis
Jacob Hinds
1812
Chairman
1818
John Temple, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Ezra Bigelow
William Fairbank
Ezekiel Pierce
1813
John Temple, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Hiram Howe
Alpheus Fairl)ank
Ebenezer Paine
1819
Robert B. Thomas, Chairman
Ezra Beanian (Jr.)
Thomas Keyes
John Lees
Barach B. Fairbank
1814
1820
John Temple, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Ezra Bigelow, Chairman
Silas Newton
Hiram Howe
John Read
Ezra Bigelow
Caleb Sweney
Paul Gerrish
El>enezer Paine
1815
John Temple, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Ezra Bigelow
Caleb Sweney
Jonathan Plim})ton
1821
Ezra Bigelow, Chairman
Silas Newton
Paul Gerrish
Levi Goodale
Francis Davis
1816
John Tem])le, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Ezra Bigelow
Barnabas Davis
William Fairbank
1822
Ezra Bigelow, Chairman
Silas Newton
Levi Goodale
Simon Plimpton
Oliver Moore
1817
John Temjile, Chairman
Joseph Hinds
Ezra Bigelow
Ezra Beaman (Jr.)
Will in m FairV)ank
1823- '24
Robert B. Thomas, Chairman
Ezra Beaman (Jr.)
Levi Goodale
Jacob Pierce
Abel Goodale
Centennial
141
1825-'26
Joseph Hinds, Chainnaii
Barnabas Davis
Thomas Keyes
Brigham Prescott
Silas Newton
1832
Asa Bigelow, ('hairniaii
Ezekiel Pierce
Aaron Goodale
John M. Smith
Samuel Brown
1827
Joseph Hinds, Chairman
Thomas Keyes
Silas Newton
Seth White
Levi Pierce, Jr.
1833
.I(ise]>li White, Cliairman
Ejyhraim Bigelow
Aaron Goodale
Dennis Harthan
Charles Nash
1828
Francis Davis, Chairman
Joseph White
Ezekiel Pierce
Thomas Holmes
Dennis Harthan
1834
Dennis Harthan, Chairman
Benjamin F. Keyes
James H. Moore
John Lees
■riidiims White, Jr.
1829
1835
Joseph Hinds, Chairman
Asa Bigelow
Ezekiel Pierce
Thomas Holmes
Dennis Harthan
1830
Joseph White, ('hairnmn
Francis Davis
Thomas Holmes
Aaron Goodale
Silas Walker
1831
Silas Newton, Chairinan
Asa Bigelow
Ezekiel Pierce
Levi Pierce, Jr.
Amos Lovell
Dennis Harthan, Chairman
Thomas White, Jr.
Cicero Hinds
1836
Benjamin F. Keyes, Chairman
Thomas Holmes
Amos Lovell
1837
Thomas Ilolnies, Chairman
Amos Lovell
Ebenezer M. Hosmor
1838-'39
Ebenezer M. Hosmor, Chairman
Moses Brigham
Levi Pierce
142
^\esi Boylston
1840
18i7
Joseph White, Chairman
Levi Pierce
Ezekiel Pierce
Lotan Cleveland, Chairman
Eli W. Holbrook
Addison Lovell
1841
Joseph White. Chairman
Ezekiel Pierce
James H. Moore
1842
Ebenezer M. Ilosmer. Chairman
Lotan Cleveland
Ward B. Harthan
Samuel Brown
Edmund F. Brigham
1843
Lotan Cleveland. Chairman
Ward B. Harthan
Samuel Brown
Edmund F. Brigham
David C. Murdoek
1844
David C. Murdoch, Chairman
James H. Moore
Samuel Lawrence
1845
David C. Murdoch, Chairman
James H. Moore
John May
1846
Lotan Cleveland. Chairman
James H. Moore
John Mav
1848
Lotan Cleveland, Chairman
Addison Lovell
John D. Lovell
1849
David C. Murdoch, Chairman
John D. Lovell
Lemuel D. Newton
1850
David C. Murdoch. Chairman
I>eruuel D. Newton
.liiliii Lawrence
1851
David C. Murdoch. Chairman
Benjamin F. Keyes
Lemuel D. Newton
1852
Benjamin F. Keyes. Chairmau
Addison Lovell
Jonathan Pierce
1853
Addison Lovell. Chairman
Jonathan Pierce
Linus M. Harris
1854
Jonathan Pien-e. Chairman
Linus M. Harris
Jnlui Prentiss
Ccuicnnial
143
1855
Limis M. llairis. ( li;iiiiii;in
John I'vt'nti.ss
George F. Howe
1856
,Iohn Trentisis, (liainnaii
George F. Howe
Samuel Lawrence
1857- '58
Samuel Lawrence, (hairmau
I-evi Goss
Ilenrv F. Holt
1865
David C. Murdock. Chairman
Edmund F. Brigham
J-afayette Hawes
1866
Edmund F. Brigham, Chairman
John Lawrence
Wallace McFarland
1867
Wallace McFarland, Chairmau
David P. Waite
Linus AL Harris
1859
Levi Goss, Chairman
Henry F. Holt
"Windsor N. White
1868
David C. Murdock, Chairman
Linus M. Harris
.Albert Hinds
1860
Windsor X. White, Chairman
Linus M. Harris
John May
1861
Charles H. Baldwin, Chairman
Levi Goss
William Thomas
1862-'63
David C. Murdock. Chairman
Nahuni Hastings
James H. Moore
1864
David C. Murdock, Chairman
Nahiun Hastings
John S. Cutting
1869
Albert Hinds. Cliairman
Linus M. Harris
Stephen Holt
1870-'71
Whipple B. Harris, Chairman
Edward Howe
Stephen Holt
1872
Stephen Holt, Chairmau
Linus M. Harris
Thomas Harlow
1873-'74-'75
Stephen Holt. Chairman
Linus M. Harris
Henry Pierce
144
Wr.s/ Boylston
1876
Linus M. Harris, Chairman
Henry Pierce
Stejiben 11. Smith
1885-'86
Stephen H. Smith, Chairman
Harrison E. Morton
Samuel P. Halloclv
1877
Stephen H. Smith, Chairman
Samuel S. Russell
John F. Knio-ht
1887
Harrison E. Morton, Cluiiriiiaii
Samuel P. Hallock
David P. Waite
1878
Stephen H. Smith, Chairman
Stephen F. Hemenway
David P. Waite
1888
Harrison E. Morton, Chairman
J. Edward Pierce
David P. Waite
1879
Stephen IT. Smith, Chairman
Stephen F. Hemenway
Henry O. Sawyer
1889
Harrison E. Morton, Chairman
J. Edward Pierce
Samuel P. Hallock
1880-'81
Stephen F. ITeinenway, Chairmai
Aaron Good ale
William R. Walker
1890
J. Edward Pierce, Chairman
Henry O. Sawyer
Louis Cutting'
1882
1891
Aaron Goodule, Chairman
William R. Walker
John C. Hastiui-s
.1. Edward Pierce, Chairman
Louis ('utting'
Samuel P. Hallock
1883
Stephen 11. Smith, Chairman
Jdliii ( '. Hastings
Ashley H. Wood
1884
1892
.1. Kdward Pierce, Chairman
S;niiuel P. Hallock
.\rteiiias ('. Smith
1893-'91-'95
Stephen H. Smith, Chairihau
Ashley H. Wood
Harrison E. ^lortdii
S.-iiimcl P. Hallock, ('hairman
Arteinas C. Smith
-Charles H. Baldwin
('('HtcHHial 145
1896 1905
Andrew .1. Scai'lott. ( 'Imi riiuin
riuxrles TI. Baldwin -^"l^" ^'- Hastings, Chainn.-n,, :! yrs
Edward A. Co woe
1897
Edward A. ('i)wee, Chairnian
diaries II. Baldwin
.l()se])h L. llowc
Warren E. Ganimell
Aaron (ioodale*
1906
Aariiii CiMiilale. < 'hairnian. .'! yrs.
Warren 10. (laniniell^
Andrew J. Scarlett. ('Iiairniai
Charles II. Baldwin
John C. Ilastiniis
1898 A\'altor E. ("'hajmian, 2 yis.
1907
Aaron (iondale.' (hairnian
1899 Walter Iv < 'hapnian*
Wan-en E. (ianunell. •"! yrs.
Andrew J. Scailett. (iiainnan 1908
John C. Hastinjjs
Aaron (ioodale .Varon (ioodale.* Chaii man
1900-"01-'02-'03
Warren H (Jainnieir
Walter H. ('hajnnan, I! yrs.
l£Oi
Andrew J. Scarlett. < 'hairnian
Alexander Snow 1909
Willie B. Wood
WaltiM' Vj. ( 'liajiinan," ('iiainnan
Warren E. (ianunell'
John C. Ilastiii.ijs, ( liai iinan, I yr. William C. Pierce. .'! yrs.
Warren E. fianin.ell. .'1 yrs. ■
Aaron Coodale. 2 vrs. *lIo]d oxer.
TOWN TREASURERS.
Ezra Beaman, iSQS— ISl 1
Ezra Beamau (Jr.), 1811—1814
Barnabas Davis, 181.")— 1816
Ezra Beaman (Jr.), 1817
.lonathan Plimpton, 1818
E/ra Beaman (Jr.). 1819 — 1820
Haiiial.as Havis, 3821—1822
Andre Tafr. 182:5—1824
I'rancis I)a\is. 182.1 — 1827
Seth ^\■llit(■. 1828 — 1S29
'^ll^ma^ Ihilines. IS.'iO — 1 s;52
146
irr.s/ Boylston
Ezjkel Pierce,
1833-
-1837
Aaron E. Winter,
1838
Andre Taft,
1839
Ezra B. Newton,
1840-
-1841
Moses Brigliam,
1842
Saninel Brown,
1843
Tliomas Holmes,
1844-
-1848
Oliver B. Sawyer,
1849
Eli W. llolbrook,
1850
Dennis llartlian,
18.)1-
-1 Sor^
Oliver B. Sawyer,
1856-
-1 861
George F. Howe,
1862-
-1879
Henry 0. Sawyer,
1880-
-1883
George F. Howe,
1884-
-180!)
A]l>ert W. Hinds,
1 000-
-10. .
MODERATORS AT ANNUAL TOWN MEETINGS.
Silas Beanian,
Silas Newton,
Paul Goodale,
AVilliani Fairbanl^,
Silas Newton,
Bobert B. Thomas,
John M. Smith,
Silas Newton,
John M. Smith,
Andre Taft,
John F. Fay,
Ebenezer M. Hosmer,
Andre Taft,
Ebenezer M. Hosmer,
David C. Mnrdoek,
Benjamin F. Keyes,
David C. Mnrdoek.
Benjamin F. Keyes,
Ebenezer M. Hosmer,
David C. Mnrdoek,
Benjamin F. Keyes,
Joseph C. Lovell,
Benjamin F. Keyes,
David C. Mnrdoek,
Ebenezer M. Hosmer,
Joseph C. Lovell,
ISdS
1 soo-
-isn
1812
1813-
-1818
1810-
-1821
1822-
-1 823
1824-
-1 825
1826-
-18oU
1831-
-1 833
1834
1835-
-1836
1837-
-1 838
1839
1840-
-1844
1 845-
-1848
1849
1850-
-1851
1 852-
-1853
1854
1855
1 856
1S57
1858
1 859-
-1860
1861
1 862-
-1864
Centennial 147
Ceorye F. Howe. I860 — 1882
George II. .lefts, 18S3
Georji-e F. Howe, 1884—1899
Edward A. Cowee, 1900— l!)()i:
Warren J. Merriani, 1903—1904
.h.hn A. Lowe. 1905—1906
Frank II. Baldwin, 1907—1909
REPRESENTATIVES TO LEGISLATURE.
Ezra Keaman. 1808—1811
Barnalias Davis, 1812—1817
Joseph Hinds, "-1818— 1819
No representative sent, 1820—1824
.Tose])li Hinds, 1825
No representative sent, 1826
Joseph Hinds, 1827
No representative sent, 1828
Joseph Hinds, 1829
No rejiresentative sent, 1830
Kobert B. Thomas, 1831—1836
Thomas White, Jr., 1837
No choice, 1838
1839
Benjamin F. Keyes
Silas WaHier,
Levi Pierce, ' 1840
Dennis Harthan, 1841
Samuel Brown, 1842
Brio ham Prescott, 184.3—1845
Addison Lovell, 1846
Amos Child, 1847
Eli W. Holbrook, 1848—1849
Ebenezer M. Hosmer, 1850 — 1851
Oliver B. Sawyer, 1852
David C. Murdoek, 1853—1854
Amos Childs, 18.5.5—1856
Since 1857 West Boylston has been districted with other townis for the
election of a representative.
Windsor N. White, 1859
Linus :\r. Harris, 1862
David <'. Murdoek, 1864
Wallace McFarland, 1867
148 West Boylston
Stoi)hen ITolt, 1870
.Jose])h W. Cross, ]872
(ieorge F. Howe, 187o
Henry Pierce, L876
Henry O. Sawyer, 1880
Horatio Houghton, 1884
Harrison E. Morton, 188(5—1887
Edward A. Cowee, 189."i— 180(1
\V;irron E. Oaninirdl. lP(^o
SCHOOL COMMITTEE.
Until the year 1892 the Scliool ("oininittec varied in mniibers.
For some years ])revi(nis to that date it had heen composed of
twelve members, a imml)er too large to insert foi- each year in
this work. It should be remembered, however, that the duties of
the School Committee in the earlier days were more exacting
than at present, and West Boylston was particularly fortunate
during that period to have a number of clergymen and physi-
cians to direct the course of study, a duty now largely delegated
to the superintendent of schools.
A list of those who served actively on the school committee
prinious to 1892 for any considerable length of time follows:
Francis Davis, 1S2()-1824, '2(i, '29, '8(5
Rev. Leonard Tracy, 1838-1849
Rev. Joseph W. Cross. 1840-1859, '(52- '6(5, '(59- '80
Dr. George W. Warren, 1847-lSoO, '5.5, '57, '59- '(51, '66- '69
Joseph C. Lovell, 1868-1869, '74- '82
David C. Mnrdock. 1868-1887
George F. Howe, 1868-1890
David R. Lamson, 1870-1878
Joseph M. Lord, 1872-1890
Rev. William W. Parker, 1880-1888
1892 1893
Thomas Harlow,* Chairman Tliomas Harlow, Chairman, 3 yrs
Samuel S. Russell'" Samuel S. Russell*
Albert W. Hinds, 3 vrs. Albert W. Hinds*
Centennial 149
1894 1902
Tlioiiias 1 l;iil()\v, " ( li;ii iiii;in \\;in(Mi .1. Mcniiiiii. < 'liai ininii
Albert W. lliiuls" Albeit W. Hinds, ;J yrs.
Dr. David B. Lovell, :> yrs. Eev. Julius \\. Robinson*
1895 1903
Tlionias ilailow, <'hairniaii Warren .1. Merviain, Chairman
Dr. David I'.. Lnv(dl^ Albert W. Hinds*
William K. WalUei-. :'. yrs. Kev. . I alius 11. IvN.bi iisdii. ?. yrs.
1896 1904
Dr. David P.. Lovell."- Cliairnian Kev. .Tulius P>. Ifobinson,- Chairman
William H. Walker* Arthur A. Cahlwell, .". yrs.
Francis II. Hiee. M yrs. Alliert W. Hinds*
1897 1905
Dr. David H. Lovell. Chairman, :! yrs. Kev. .lohn E. Dod-e, Chairman, 1 yr.
William K. Walker'- A!l)ert W. Hinds. ;! yrs.
Francis II. Hie'* Arthur A. Caldwell*
1898 1906
Dr. David P>. Lovell.* ('hairman
Albert W. Hinds, 1 yr.
Warren .1. ^l(Miiani, ."> yrs.
1889
Dr. David P. Lo\(dl.* Chairman
Albert W. Hinds, ;; yrs.
Warren .! . Merri.-im*
irco
Warren .1. ^leniam. Ciiairman
Albert W. Hinds
Rev. Julius li. Ixdbinson. :'> yrs.
1901
Rev. .lohn E. Dodj^e. Chairman, 3 yrs.
Albert W. Hinds, 2 yrs.
Arthur A. Caldwell*
1907
Kev. Ernest A. Royal, Chairman, 2 yrs.
1-jnory A. L>aeon, ."> yrs.
Albert W. Hinds*
1908
Kev. Ernest .\. Royal,* Chairman
Albert \V. Hi mis, ;; yrs.
Emor\- A. P>;ic(in'
1909
Warren J. Aleriiam. ('hairman, .'! yrs. Emory A. Paeon," < 'hairman
Albert W. Hinds- Albert W. Hinds
Eev. Julius P. Rnl)inson"' Kev. Ernest .V. Royal, ."> yrs.
*]lold (IV.M-.
('(llf('Hiii((l
151
NAMES OF GRADUATES OF
1883
llnlhnd. :\I;iiio Al.hii'
I'ierce. Flov.-i Melissa
I'ievcc, Sailif iSdinl
Stnrtcvaiit, .hilia Avimlil
1884
Doyle. Mary Ann
Goodale. Alice Alniira
Lesure, Waldo Haskell
Reed, Charles Walter
Waite, Ed par Francis
1885
Drake, Llewellyn Henry
Ilaskins, Mary Emerson
Lnce, llattie Emma
1886
Harris, Watio Lmiise
Hastings, Annie Gertrude
Holmes, Wallace Eugene
Newton, Grace Lamson
Prescott, Xettie INiatella
1887
Boynton, Walter Grant
Browne, Albert Watson
Billiard, Samuel Eli
Fisher. Mabelle Edith
Hall, Lena J.
McCarthy, Nellie Elizal)eth
Warner, Grace ]\Iandaiia
1888
Baldwin, William Sanfurd
Berry, Arthur Henry
Berry, Grace Ella
Chase, Mary Celinda
Ilaskins, Edith Lydia
Knight, Dora Fay
Piere-e, Harry Lincoln
Shepard. Grace Florence
THE WEST BOYLSTON HIGH SCHOOL.
1889
Flagg, Daisy EmuiU
Morton, Addie Frances
Sargent, Alice Frances
Toombs, Eva Frances
1890
Anderson, Elizabeth ^lay
Berry, Arthur H.
Daly, Gertrude Est el la
Fletcher, Bertha Lillian
Lynch, .lohn Sarsfield
Mitchell, Alice Leah
Moran, Katie Ann
Waite, Annie Mabel
Waite. Louise Elma
1891
Bosworth. Eug. INIanning
Bullard, Albert Ovington
Chase, Lura Burnette
Hartigan, Eva Eosalie
Hastings, Foster L.
Jachson, Henry Winter
Tivuch, Matilda Catherine
Sargent, Mattie Augusta
1892
Broad, Mabel Stella
Butler, Mabel Louise
Lawrence, Lutie Smith
Moran, EHza Jane
Ryan, Etta M.
Walker. Alice Elizaljeth
Walker, Lena Ada
1893
Shepanl. iiallic Isabel
Tobin. Michael Anthony
"Moraii. Eliza .1. (Post Graduate)
152
IVr.y/ Boylsion
1894
Buck. Lila Ollie
Eichard. Marv Emma
Tower. Freeman Angust\is
1895
Harrington. Ruth Abbie
Lyncli. Theobald Andrew
McCarthy. Annie Theresa
Eice. Jessie Mae
Eoss. Alida Louise
Warner. Lvdia Porter
1896
Boynron. Florence Christine
Brown. Ruth Mabel
Burns. Marguerite
Gammell. Edirh Florence
Goodale, Leon Arvine
Leonard, Annetta Theresa
O 'Toole. Kathryn Agnes
Styles. Maude Asenath
1897
Buck. Alice Elmiua
Daly. Clara Frances
Greeley. Mabelle Leona
Kershaw. Polly
Lynch. Carolyn Idella
Maney. Kathryn Maria
Rice. Charles Franklin
Rice. Edward Francis
Ryan. Kathryn Pauline
Sargent. Jennie Tylena
Sawyer. Ella Louise
Whiting. Winfred Ilolr
1898
II. Fay Baldwin
Helen R. Goodell
Alice M. Lovell
Elsie M. Phelps
Arthur K. Smith
Josej>h X. Snow
Mav E. Wilson
1899
John H. BassetT
Herbert M. Cheever
Florence E. Fairbanks
Xetina E. Fairbank
Walter O Toole
Marion E. Phelps
Susie E. Sargent
Angeline St. Onge
Delora E. Styles
Ruby E. Warfield
1900
Carrie Angenette Bacou
Walter Andrew Bowen
Carleton Allen Cook
Arthur Stanley Ovenden
Cora Thisbee Peck
Jessie Freeman Peirce
George Asa Robinsou
Lillian Gertrtide Ryan
1901
Edna Caroline Baldwin
Eva Florence Bird
Frederick Howard Brown
James Wilbur Erviug Cheever
Mary Caroline Howe
Vera Amica Johnson
Walter Ernest Robbins
Arthur Hubbard Sawyer
Marion Harris Sheldon
Helen Reed Warner
1902
Erma I. Bosworth
Hattie L. Goodale
1903
Frances Evelyn Goodale
Elizabeth ^Mary ^loran
Kathryn Anna Moran
Philip Alan Houghton
Edwin Reed Warffeld
Centennial
153
1901
Rliih E. Burpee
Joseph Cavanaugh
Teresa Cavauaugh
Mina Chaee
Chester Cook
Marion C. Honghton
Marion C. Johnson
George M. Lawrenee
Ralph H. Oven.ien
A. Clavton Parker
1905
R. -— - ^1- i'arker
Mary T. Smith
1£06
Bvron W. Barker
Osear Burns
Frank C. Cheever
Corinne M. Ryan
Andrew J. Scarlert.
Arthur F. Snow
A. Carrol Warfield
Jr.
1907
Leta Fairbank
Helen Caroline Mixter
Helen Gertrode Moran
Blanche Clarion Bobbins
Otis Chaffin Shel.len
1908
Annie Matil-ia Bancroft
Bertha Lnella Bosworth
Harold Xewell Keith
Graee Lillian Mixrer
James E-iward Ryan
Louise Marsh Warner
1909
Ernest Foster Chase
Charles Henry Cntt.Tnings
Aaron Goo«iale. Jr.
Gladys : " -e
Clarenc-r Hnntington
Raymond >a ington
David Josef-
Anna Elisabeth Muzzy
Bertha Alice Muzzy
Earle Warren Reed
Mvrtis Florella Smith
154 ^^('xi Boi/lsfoii
SERGEANT THOMAS PLUNKETT,
The Armless Hero of the Battle of Fredricksburg.
The siiV)jec't of this sketch Avas lioni in tlu> ('muity (tf Mayo. Ireland,
October 13, ]S39, anil came to An.eiica in 1 S44 with liis ])ar(Mits. Francis
and ("atlieriue Plmikett. AMieii our ureat ci\il war bej^aii. lie with his
brotlier Francis were employed in the boot shuji of .lohn 8. <'ntting in
West Boylston, and when President Lincoln issueil his call in 1*^(11. for
men to enlist in their country's service for three years, TlKunas. after
having' l)een a resident of AVest Boylston about ten years, resjumded and
was mustered in Au.tiust 23. bS(il. at the a.^e of ill, and assigned to C'om-
])any E, 21st Regiment, I\Iassa(diusetts A'ounteers. This re.gnmeut was
organized at Cam]) Lincoln, as it was called, located on the old Agricul-
tural Fair Grounds in the City of Worcester. That historic spot, now
covered with attractive and substantial homes, occupied by a later genera-
tion who little realize that the dust on which they daily tread, was once
the scene of many a s(den.n jiartiug of friends, brothel's, sisters, and the
sacred ties of home, in many instances. ne\'er to lie united in life.
Fiiday morning of the same day our suliject was musTer(>d in; marching
orders were issued; and after the ceremonies of the presentation of a
regimental flag, by lion. Alexander Bullock in behalf of the ladies of
Worcester, and the sad farewells spoken, the regiment marched to tlie
Norwich depot and boarding the train in waiting, started at about five of
the clock in the afteruoon for the front.
September 17th. at Auuiqiolis, the regiment was again mustered in on
account of some luevious informality, and was actively engaged in the
battles of Roanoke Island. Febriiary S. 18(32; Camden, April 10. 18(;2;
Manassas, August 2ii and 30, 1S()2, Avhere private Plunkett, it is to lie
presumed, was always at his post of duty performing fearlessly whatever
task fell to his lot. But it was not till the battle of Chantilly, Septendier
1, 1862, after having been absent from home littl(> more than a year that
his name came jirominently before the public eye.
On that eventful 1st of Septemlier the re.giment weut into action with
four hundred men; ,")8 were hilled, 76 wounded, and 26 taken prisoners.
When the respite came and those who Avere aide to withdraw were out
of the woods, a roll-call disclosed the missing ones.
Private Plunkett, finding his friend Louis Moultie among the missing,
went back without his nuisket with the hope of finding him if wounded.
Moving along with great caution, he discovered a rebel picket standing
behind a tree; Plunkett realized in an instant that if in turning liack he
attracted attention, death was likely to be his portion. With one quick
bound he was at the rebel's back and holding fast both his arms. The
rebel, in his fright, drojiped his musket which Plunkett. while pretending
to coN'er him with a revolver, secured, and warnini; him not to make a
Centennial 155
noise luider ]ienalty of death, inaiH-lied his in-isoiier into the T'liion camp
at the point of the bayonet, for wliich exph)it lie was I'ewarded witli a
sergeant's commission.
Thirteen days later, Septemlier 14th, occurred the battle of South
Mountain. During this engagement, Plunkett discovered a severely
wounded officer sitting and leaning against a barn, who asked him for a
cup of water, which he most gladly furnished, and during .n moment's
conversation learned that this officer was from Ohio. When President
Butherford B. Hayes visited Worcester, Sergeant Plunkett recognizing the
features of the man he had saved, interviewed the President, and relating
the incident, learned that it Avas the future President of the United
States for whom he had done that act of kindness, and received from
President Hayes, as he grasped the stump of his right arm with Tioth
hands, such cordial and sincere expressions of gratitude as only a true
soldier can give another.
The 17th came the battle of Antietam, where the regiment en-
tered the engagement with one hundred and fifty men and lost in killed
and Wdunded forty-five.
The next severe engagement occurred at Fredericlvsburg, December 13.
1862. The 21st regiment had two hundred men in action; 13 were killed
and 52 wounded, one taken prisoner. The following is taken from the
official report made by Colonel Clam, December l(3th:
"The 2nd brigade was now ordered to the front and formed in double
line of battle most gallantly and steadily mined across the plain, swept
by the destructive fire of the enemy. When aVxnit sixty rods from the
city, tlie color sergeant Collins of Conijiany A, was shot and fell to the
ground. Sergeant Plunkett of Company E instantly seized the colors and
carried them promptly forward to the fartherest point reached by our
troops during the battle. When the regiment had commenced the delivery
of its fire, about forty rods from the position of the rebel infantry, a
shell was thrown with fatal accuracy at the colors, which were again
brought to the ground, wet with the life-blood of the lirave Plunkett, botli
of whose arms were carried away.
"Color Corjioral Olney of Company II jmmeriiately raised the glorious
flag and defiantly bore it tlirough the remainder of the day.''
A piece of the shell struck Plunkett 's right arm, nearly severing it
from his body, it then struck a book with thick covers, which that morn-
ing he had picked u]i in Piedericksburg and buttoned inside his vest; that
book turned the course of the deadly missile a little, wliirh doubtless saved
his life, but it struck the left arm above the Avrist. At the improvised
field-hospital the case was ]>ronounced hopeless, so that he was unattended
for two hours or inore lief ore his arms were amputated and dressed. He,
however, rallied rajiidly. and on Christmas Day, December 2-1, at noon, the
regiment turned out to escort Sergeant Plunkett and se\"eral other wound-
ed men fronv the field-hospitals to the railway station, en route for Aquia
156 West BoyJston
Creek and Washington. There was no ornnibling at this duty, although
exceedingly tired and standing at present arms as the gallant sufferers
were carried along the line to the cars, there was many a warm goodby
;in<i uttered prayer for their recovery. He was taken to Washington,
where lie remained in Emery Hospital until May, ]S63. when he started
for home. At New York he was given an enthusiastic reception and it
was ie]teated in Boston, also at his home in West Boylston, where the
citizens generally turned out to do him honor. Congress awarded him a
medal for his bravery and he was also granted a total disability pension
of seventy-two dollars a month.
In L879 he was appointed a messenger at tlie Htate House and given
chaige of the coat room. AVas also foi- a time messenger at the Custom
House. February 1st, L864, at a time wlien the 21st regiuient was en-
joying their veteran furlough, a street ]>arade was made in Worcester.
Tlie 2.')tli, the ."i7th, the State Guard. Highland Cadets and the Pire
Department ]ierformed escort duty, 'i'lie streets were covered with ice,
snow and slush. Sergeant Plunkett declined to ride with other disabled
n.en, but marched just in advance of the battle stained and shattered
tlags of his regiment in a Tilinding snow and rain storm for more than an
lionr.
.At Mechanics Hall, Hon. Alexander Bullock delivered an eloquent
address of welcome to these veterans of the war, in which reference was
made to the plucky color bearer. Sergeant Plunkett, who was present and
re('(>ived a royal ovation. For some time Mr. Plunlcett was far from
oeing a well man, and by spells was a great sufferer, although he rarely
uttered any com])]aint; occasionally he might be heard to say, "I am all
light, but my ston.ach.'' He received the 1)est of medical care and
grjiduaily improxed in health and was discharged from the army 'March
9, l,S(i4.
In ISO.) he married ]Miss Helen Ijorinu'r, and five years later removed
to Worcester. At the conclusion of that marriage ceremony he overheard
a careless remark drop from the li])S of a bystander that made a lasting
impression nn his mind. It reflected on the aliility of an armless man io
su]i]>ort a wife, ami he there inwardly pledged his best endeavors to
]>r()vid(^ for his \vife, and most faithfully he kept his vow, leaving at his
decease his widow and two sons in comfoi'table circumstances. During
the eaily ])art of ISS.l, the warning can.e that the end of his eventful life
was ajiproaching. The jiosition as Messenger at the State House was
gi\en u]>, and after a few weeks of suffering, without a murmur of com-
]ilaint. on the morning of March 10th, ISS-l, he passed on to be numbered
with the great army that i)receded him.
Funeral services were held in Mechanics Hall, which was thronged with
relatives, friends and the citizens at large, anxious to ]»ay their last
tiibute to the patient yet courageous Sergeant Tom Plunkett.
CcufcnniaJ 157
At liis request services in the i:all were condiicteil liy Rev. (ieor_<-e 8.
Jiall. who was ("ha]ilaiii of the L'lst He.L'iiiieiit. Ke\ . .I(>s(>|ih \V. Cross of
West Hoylston. and Rev. .). V. I^overinii. ("ha]ilain of tlie Crainl Arniv.
Sinjiing was by cliildrfMi from the ]iuldic scdiools of the city.
But the soleTnn act of conimittinL; to tlie tonil) that lifeless body failed
to completely silenee the disposition, the eagerness still felt to do honor
to that intrepid, self-reliant yet modest man, who sacrificed so much for
his country's cause.
On Friday evening, Noven.ber 'I'l, IS!)."), exercises attending the presen-
tation of a memorial portrait of Sergeant Thomas Plunkett to the Worces-
ter County Mechanics Association, was hebl in tlieir spacious hall. The
jioitrait was the gift of his brother Francis, an hoiu)rable member of the
Worcester County Bar. also a uiemlier of the i^oard of Aldermen for the
City of Worcester.
The late United States Senator, lion. George F. Hoar, was expected to
lualve the presentation, but as the day drew near, he, on account of failing
health, felt obliged to decdine, and ('(donel William S. 1>. lIo])kins offi-
ciated. An ajipropriate programme had been arranged. ]\Ir. Edward F.
Toliuau, president of tlie Association, received the ]>ortrait. Other speak-
ers were Rev. Dr. Conaty. now Bishoj) Conaty, and the late Kev. (leorge S.
Ball.
The audience filled the great hall to the A'ery doors, and the masterly
addresses were received with unusual satisfaction. The fine, life-like
jiortrait, the work of Mr. J. Madison Stone, occupies a conspicuous place
upon the wall of that attractive hall, reminding the thousands of on-
lookers of the faithful, courageous Thomas Plunkett.
Civil War Record.
The following' is m list, as far as has l)eeii aseei'tained, of those
who went into the army to sei've in the war of the Rebellion
fr(ini the town of AVest Boylston or were eount(Ml on its quota.
There had been a eompany of militia in town ])r('\ious to the
Civil AVar. many of thos(^ members enlisted Avitli Sergeant
Plnid<('1t in Company E. 21st Regiment.
l']) to March 1. 1866. the toAvn had paid in bounties, expenses
of recruiting, nniforms. etc.. the sum of •'1^22,784.90. Avhile the
Ladies Patriotic Society had forAvarded clotlics and supi)lies to
the soldiers to the value of ^1.068.17.
158
1T>.v/ B()}/Ist()it
02
M
<
Southern recruit.
Close of war.
Close of war.
Clo.se of war.
For 100 days.
For 100 days.
Discharged as an alien.
Reported as deserter, October, '04
Contraeted fever, died at home, Feb. 12, '04
Died at Andersouville: prisoner Oct., '()4.
W'd. and died at Gettysburg, .luly 15, '03.
Close of War.
1 year on gunboat "South Carolina."
Close of War.
Resigned.
Southern recruit.
Close of War.
Lost at Bca.
Lost an arm at Newbern, !S(i2. Discharged.
Southern lecruit.
Served under Ma.ior Devens.
Wounded at Newbern, March 14, 1802.
Deserted, May 20, 1803.
For 100 days.
Close of War.
Close of War.
Discharged for disability.
Reported as deserter, January, 1804.
For 100 days.
Close of U'ar.
Discharged for disability.
Wounded at Antietani, Sept. 17, 1802.
For 100 days.
Killed at Antietani, Sept. 17, 1802.
Killed August 28, 1802.
1^
pi
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u
(5
June 9, '05
Dec. SO, '03
July 14, '05
J unc 8, '(i5
Nov. n, '04
Nov. 11, '04
May 30, '02
Mar. 18, '03
.In lie 8, '05
Nov. 14, '05
.luly 20, '02
Nov. 14, '05
Au^r. 3. '01
Oet. 3, '02
July 10, '05
July 17, '05
July 27, '63
Jan. '22, '05
Nov. 11, '04
.hme 10, '05
Jan., '02
Nov. 23, '02
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Aug. 9,
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May 16,
Mar. 10,
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Dee. 30,
Sept. 27,
May 10,
Aug. 9,
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Jan. 4,
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Nov.,
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May 19,
July,
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Oct. 8,
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July 15,
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July,
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Dec,
Vlexander, F. M.
\llen, Joseph O.
\nderson, John E.
Vndcrson, John E.
5achel(lcr, Arthur li.
5ailey, Emery
iardsley, (icorge
iarsley, John
Jeaeh. William
Jegley, John
Jigclow, Charles F.
iigelow, (ieorge L.
{igelow, William W.
{Unit, William H.
{olton, Henry F.
{ond, Andrew S.
iond, Andrew S.
{radford, Pelham
{ridges, Jacob
{righani, Klliot F.
{road, Amos W.
{rown, (ieorge
{rown, James
{rown, Justus
Irown, Justus
{rown, William N.
{runo, John
{rnno, John
{ruso, WUliaiii
{ulTuni. ]{en,iaiiiin W.
{urns, William H.
'adret, Andrew
'aldwell, John
'base, Hanson
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INDEX.
PAGE
Act of Incorporation 18
Anniversary, One Hundredth 23
Beaman, Major Ezra, Sketch of 5
Centennial Ball . . . 56
Centennial Celebration 65
Centennial Committee 4
Civil War Record 157
Coaching Parade 67
Dedication Ball 137
Dedication of Town Hall 107
Fitts, Reverend James H., Sketch of 105
Gammell, Warren E., Address of Welcome . . 78
Goodale, Leon A., Address of Welcome 29
Goodale, Leon A., Historical Address 79
Goodale, Warren, and others. Remarks 53
Graduiites of High School, A List of 151
Hall, Dr. G. Stanley, Address 125
Harris, Henry F., and others. Remarks 136
Houghton, Horatio, Sketch of 103
Introduction 3
Keyes, Benjamin F., Sketch of 103
Moderators at Annual Town Meetings, A List of 146
Parker, Hon. Herbert, Address 101
Plunkett, Sergeant Thomas, Sketch of 154
Representatives to Legislature, A List of 147
Robinson, Reverend J. B., Historical Address 116
Rugg, Justice Arthur P., Address 47
School Committee, A List of 148
Selectmen, A List of 139
Soldiers in the Civil War, Names of . 158
Thayer, Hon. John R., Address 33
Thomas, Robert B., A Memoir of 57
Town Clerks, A List of 139
Town Treasurers, A List of 145
Votes of Town relating to Centennial 22
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PORTR.A.ITS PAGE
Dr. G. Stanley Hall 124
Hon. Herbert Parker 100
Justice Arthur P. Rugg 48
Hon. John R. Thayer 32
Views taken at time of Centennial. July 16. 1908.
BUILDINGS
Congregational Church 76
Ladies' Relief Corps Hall 98
Odd FeUows" Hall 94
Town Hall 108
COACHING PARADE
Banning. M. Parker 74
Cowee, Miss Marjorie 70
Hickey. T. Frank - . . 66
Logan, Hon. James, and others 66
Maples. The 72
MLxter. Miss Helen E 74
Oakdale Ladies 68
Rice, Mrs. Almira R., and family 72
Washburn, Hon. Charles G., and others 66
West Boylston High School 68
West Boylston Reading Club 70
\TEWS now partly or wholly obliterated.
Beaman Oak. The 6
Beaman Tavern. The 8
Beaman Tavern, The Site of 10
Beaman Farm, View overlooking The 14
Beaman Cemetery, The. . 16
Church. Baptist. Stone 118
Church. Brick 110
Church, on the Common 104
Church, St. Anthony's Catholic . . 114
Clarendon Mills. The 84
High School, The Old 150
High School to Brick Meeting House 90
Oakdale, A General View of 80
Stripping the Intervale 86
Thomas Hall 138
Thomas. Robert B. . The Home of 58
Valley from French Hill 82
West Boylston. .\ General View of 28
West Boylston Manufacturing Co 64
PRl N TED 3Y
SELISLE PRINTING AND PUBLISHING CO.
••. ORCESTER. VI ASS.
COMPILED BY
LEON A. GOODALE