Skip to main content

Full text of "Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series"

See other formats 


\m 


iUi'^- 


;r  <-  ' 


i 


it 


,  / . 


.'  -', '  > 


i:\'^:'U-r';- 


■  < .'  .<  ■>  .^i  ' . '  .  ,  .  • 
■'5"ruT^ -•''■-  '■■■ 


■  >  '  r  :  1  -  .     '■  ,■' 


■{    r': 


;-i\  ;;■;:.■';•: 


•^■..  V. 


i : .'   * '  i  ^  '■  ■  1   \ 


0 


PROCEEDINGS 


OF  THE 


California  Academy  of  Sciences 


FOURTH  SERIES 


Vol.  XXIV 


SAN  FRANCISCO 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  ACADEMY 

1942-1950 


COMMITTEE  ON  PUBLICATION 

Dr.  Robert  C.  Miller,  Chairman 
Dr.  George  S.  Myers  Dr.  Edward  L.  Kessel,  Editor 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  XXIV 

Contributions  Toward  a  Knowledge  of  the  Insect  Fauna  of 

Lower  California 

Pages 
No.     1.     MiCHELBACHER,  A.  E.  and  E.  S.  Ross.  Introductory  Ac- 
count.  (Plates  1-3).  Published  March  31,  1942 1-20 

No.     2.     LiNSLEY,  E.  Gorton.  Coleoptera:  Cerambycidae.  (Plates 

4-5) .  Published  March  31,  1942 21-96 

No.     3.     Van  Dyke,  Edw^in  C.  Coleoptera:  Buprestidae.  (Plates 

6-7) .  Published  March  31,  1942 97-132 

No.     4.     Banks,  Nathan.  Neuroptera:  Myrmeleonidae.  (Plate  8). 

Published  March  31,  1942 133-152 

No.     5.     Michelbacher,  A.  E.  Symphyla.    (Plate  9).  Published 

March  31,  1942 153-160 

No.     6.     Aitken,  Thomas  H.  G.  Diptera:  Culicidae.  Published 

June  20,  1942 161-170 

No.     7.     Blaisdell,  Frank  E.  Coleoptera:  Tenebrionidae.  (Plates 

10-11).  Published  February  4,  1943 171-288 

No.  8.  RiNDGE,  Frederick  H.  Lepidoptera :  Rhopalocera.  Pub- 
lished March  12,  1948 289-312 

No.     9.     Bohart,  Richard  M.  Hymenoptera :  Eumeninae.   (Plate 

12) .  Published  March  12,  1948 313-336 

No.  10.     Saylor,  Lawrence  W.  Coleoptera :  Scarabaeidae.  (Plates 

13-19).  Published  March  12,  1948 337-274 

No.  11.  Leech,  Hugh  B.  Coleoptera:  Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae, 
Gyrinidae,  Hydrophilidae,  Limnebiidae.  (Plates 
20-21) .  Published  June  11,  1948 375-484 

No.  12.  Barr,  William  F.  Coleoptera:  Cleridae.  Published  Jan- 
uary 26,  1942 485-519 

Index  to  Volume  XXIV 521-567 

Errata 567 


c?^ 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES   ^^^  ' 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  i,  pp.  1-20,  pis.  1-3  March  31,  1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 


No.  1 
INTRODUCTORY  ACCOUNT 

BY 

A.  E.  MICHELBACHER 

Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  University  of  California 

AND 

E.  S.  ROSS 

Department  of  Entomology,  California  Academy  of  Sciences 


THE  PENINSULA  of  Lower  California,  in  spite  of  its  interesting  fauna,  lias 
been  long  neglected  by  collectors  of  insects.  This  lias  probably  been  due  to 
difficulties  encountered  in  traveling  through  such  a  desert  region  with  its 
barely  passable  roads.  Most  of  the  insect  collections  have  been  made  in  the 
Cape  Region,  which  is  quite  readily  accessible  by  boat.  In  consequence  the 
insect  fauna  of  that  area  is  relatively  well-known,  whereas  the  greater  part  of 
the  peninsula  has  been  scarcely  touched  by  collectors. 

The  California  Academy  of  Sciences  has  quite  properly  been  the  leader  in 
the  biological  exploration  of  Lower  California.  Unfortunately,  however,  its 
large  and  important  collections  made  between  1888  and  1894  were  largely 
destroyed  in  the  San  Francisco  earthquake  and  fire  of  1906. 
*  Printed  from  the  John  W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[1] 


2  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Realizing  the  need  for  additional  collecting  on  the  peninsula,  the  writers 
spent  two  months  during  the  summer  of  1938  in  an  overland  tour  of  the  penin- 
sula. The  collection  obtained  seemed  sufficiently  large  to  make  desirable  the 
publication  of  the  present  series  of  entomological  reports.  An  effort  has  been 
made  to  adopt  a  uniform  style  of  presentation  and  to  include  both  published 
and  unpublished  records.  Thus  an  attempt  will  be  made  to  summarize  all  avail- 
able information  regarding  the  insects  of  Lower  California  and  its  adjacent 
islands.  In  addition  the  more  remote  Revillagigedo  and  Tres  Marias  Islands 
have  been  treated  in  appendices. 

As  an  introduction  to  this  undertaking  a  summary  of  the  sources  of  en- 
tomological material  upon  which  the  records  have  been  based  is  presented  in 
chronological  order  below. 

Maps  have  been  included  which  are  designed  to  indicate  all  localities  from 
which  entomological  material  has  been  obtained. 

The  writers  express  their  appreciation  to  the  following  individuals  for  in- 
formation used  in  the  preparation  of  this  historical  summary :  Mr.  C.  W.  Leng, 
Miss  Ella  A.  Beyer,  Prof.  G.  F.  Ferris,  Dr.  Wm.  M.  Mann,  Dr.  E.  C.  Van  Dyke 
and  Mr.  F.  H.  Rindge. 

1859-1861,  J.  Xantus  de  Vesey.  Xantus,  1860  (an  earlier  trip)  ;  Horn,  1894 : 
302;  Nelson,  1921:141. 

John  Xantus  was  stationed  as  a  tidal  observer  for  more  than  two  years  at 
Cape  San  Lucas,  from  April,  1859,  to  1861,  by  the  United  States  Coast  Survey. 
In  addition  to  such  duties  he  collected  natural  history  material  for  the  Smith- 
sonian Institution.  Among  these  collections  were  many  insect  specimens.  These 
were  perhaps  the  first  Lower  California  insects  to  reach  the  hands  of  special- 
ists; the  Coleoptera,  for  example,  were  divided  between  H.  Ulke  and  J.  L. 
LeConte. 

His  letters  say  he  visited  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  the  Sierra  Laguna,  Todos  San- 
tos, La  Paz  and  Magdalena  Bay,  in  addition  to  traveling  350  miles  up  the  west 
coast.  The  locality  given  as  the  source  of  his  material  is  Cape  San  Lucas,  but 
according  to  Horn  the  specimens  were  probably  really  collected  between  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  and  La  Paz. 

1867,  W.  M.  Gahh.  Browne,  1887 ;  Horn,  1894 :302 ;  Nelson,  1921 :141. 

W.  M.  Gabb,  a  member  of  the  J.  Ross  Brown  expedition  which  explored  the 
peninsula  in  the  interest  of  a  colonization  company,  collected  a  small  number 
of  insects  as  well  as  other  natural  history  specimens.  The  party  traveled  north 
overland  from  Cape  San  Lucas  to  Tijuana.  No  locality  data  were  given  for  the 
specimens  collected. 

1888-1894,  The  California  Academy  of  Sciences  Expeditions.  Eisen,  1895; 
Nelson,  1921 :143-145. 

The  California  Academy  of  Sciences  early  recognized  the  need  for  further 
collecting  in  Lower  California,  and  sent  a  number  of  expeditions  into  the 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACEER  AND  BOSS:  INTEOBVCTORY  ACCOUNT  3 

region  between  1888  and  1894.  The  large  number  of  insect  specimens  secured 
on  these  occasions  has  formed  the  basis  for  our  knowledge  of  the  nature  of  the 
fauna.  As  stated  before,  these  collections  were  largely  destroyed  by  the  San 
Francisco  earthquake  and  fire  of  1906 ;  however,  many  of  the  insect  types 
were  saved,  and  are  preserved  in  the  Entomological  Museum  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences. 

Eisen's  summary  of  these  expeditions  (1895  :753-754)  is  as  follows  : 

"1,  Expedition  in  March,  1888.  W.  E.  Bryant.  Magdalena  Island,  San  Jorge  to  Comondu 
and  across  the  peninsula  to  La  Giganta  and  Loreto.  Back  by  La  Giganta,  San  Gabriel,  San 
Juan.  Back  through  Comondu. 

"2.  Expedition  spring  of  1889.  W.  E.  Bryant  and  Chas.  D.  Haines.  Magdalena  Island, 
Santa  Margarita  Island,  San  Jorge,  Comondu,  from  there  overland  to  San  Gregorio,  San 
Ignacio,  Calmalli,  San  Borgia,  El  Eosario,  San  Quintin. 

"3.  Expedition  Sex)tember  and  October,  1890.  W.  E.  Bryant.  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Agua 
Caliente,  Sierra,  Triunf  o.  La  Paz. 

"4.  Expedition  March  to  May,  1892.  W.  E.  Bryant,  Gustav  Eisen.  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
Miraflores,  Agua  Caliente,  Santiago,  Gulf  Shore,  Sierra  Laguna,  San  Erancisquito,  La  Paz, 
Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Guaymas,  Sonora,  Hermosillo,  Durasnillas,  San  Miguel. 

^'5.  Expedition  September  and  October,  1893.  Gustav  Eisen.  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Sierra 
El  Taste,  across  to  Pescadero  and  Todos  Santos,  Cabo  San  Lucas,  and  back  to  San  Jose, 
Miraflores,  San  Erancisquito,  Sierra  Laguna,  Todos  Santos. 

"6.  Expedition  September,  October,  November,  1894.  Gustav  Eisen,  Frank  H.  Vaslit.  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  Miraflores,  Santa  Anita,  La  Palma,  Sierra  San  Lazaro,  El  Taste,  Piedra 
Corral.  Overland  from  San  Jose  to  La  Paz  by  Santiago,  San  Bartolo,  Triunfo,  La  Paz. 
Mazatlan  by  steamer  to  San  Bias.  Overland  to  Tepic,  by  land  to  Mazatlan,  via  Santiago 
Ixtquintla,  Squinapa,  El  Eosario,  etc." 

No  entomologist  accompanied  any  of  the  above  exj^editions,  and  insects  were 
perhaps  collected  incidental  to  other  Natural  History  objects.  The  most  im- 
portant collection  of  insects  was  made  during  the  expedition  of  1894. 

Many  groups  of  the  insects  obtained  were  reported  upon  in  the  Proceedings 
of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  particularly  in  the  1894  and  1895 
volumes. 

1901,  Gustav  Beyer.  Information  is  based  upon  excerpts  from  Beyer's  Lower 
California  letters  kindly  furnished  by  his  daughter.  Miss  Ella  A.  Beyer. 
These  have  been  placed  in  the  historical  file  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Entomologi- 
cal Society. 

Between  February  7,  and  October  29,  1901,  Gustav  Beyer,  then  61  years 
old,  made  a  trip  alone  into  the  southern  parts  of  the  Cape  Region  for  the  pur- 
pose of  collecting  Coleoptera.  His  specimens  have  since  become  widely  dis- 
tributed in  collections  throughout  the  United  States,  and  many  new  species 
have  been  brought  to  light  as  a  result. 

According  to  his  letters  he  had  the  misfortune  to  be  present  in  the  region 
during  a  prolonged  dry  period,  and  as  a  result  his  collecting  was  generally 
poor.  His  travels  ^vere  restricted  to  but  a  small  area  of  the  Cape  Region  in  the 
vicinity  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  where  he  stayed  at  various  ranchos,  the  names 


4  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

of  which  he  often  used  on  his  labels.  Some  of  the  localities  he  visited  were  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  Santa  Rosa,  San  Felipe  and  El  Taste. 

1905-1906,  California  Academy  of  Sciences  Expedition  to  the  Galapagos 
Islands.  Nelson,  1921 :144 ;  Slevin,  1931. 

During  the  southward  voyage,  the  Schooner  ''Academy''  stopped  at  En- 
senada,  and  on  San  Martin,  San  Geronimo,  San  Benito,  Cedros  and  Natividad 
Islands  lying  off  the  western  shores  of  the  peninsula.  During  these  stops  Mr. 
F.  X.  Williams,  the  entomologist,  collected  a  number  of  insect  specimens. 

1911,  U.  8.  8.  "Albatross"  Expedition  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 
History.  Townsend  (1916)  ;  Grossbeck  (1912). 

This  expedition  secured  a  small  collection  of  insects  in  the  Cape  Region. 
These  are  listed  by  Grossbeck  (1912). 

1919,  G.  F.  Ferris  and  J.  B.  8levin.  Ferris,  1920, 1921. 

This  party  spent  nearly  two  months  in  the  Cape  Region  during  July  and 
August  of  1919,  traveling  by  means  of  riding  animals  and  pack  mules.  The 
season  was  rainy,  and  the  following  are  some  of  the  localities  visited :  La  Paz, 
San  Pedro,  El  Triunf  o,  Santiago,  Eureka  Ranch,  San  Bartolo,  Miraflores,  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  Cape  San  Lucas,  Todos  Santos  and  La  Laguna. 

Professor  Ferris  devoted  most  of  his  time  to  the  collecting  of  scale  insects 
and  did  very  little  general  collecting.  This  collection  is  deposited  in  the  Stan- 
ford University  Natural  History  Museum.  Mr.  Slevin  collected  reptiles  for  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

1921,  Expedition  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  to  the  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia. J.  U.BleYm  (1923). 

The  primary  aim  of  this  expedition  was  to  collect  on  the  islands  of  the  Gulf 
of  California ;  however,  a  few  short  stops  made  on  the  shores  of  the  peninsula 
and  on  the  mainland  of  Mexico.  The  insects  were  collected  by  Mr.  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee  and  Mr.  J.  C.  Chamberlain,  and  are  now  a  part  of  the  collection  of  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

A  full  account  of  this  expedition  has  been  written  by  Mr.  J.  R.  Slevin  (1923) , 
and  many  of  the  insects  have  been  reported  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences  (volumes  of  1923  and  1924  primarily) . 

1923,  Wm.  M.  Mann  (1924) . 

Dr.  Mann  made  a  number  of  trips  into  Lower  California  studying  insect 
pests  of  fruit  for  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture.  Two  trips 
were  made  by  burro  between  Loreto  and  La  Purisima,  during  which  insects 
were  collected  along  the  trail.  He  also  collected  at  Santa  Rosalia  and  in  the 
vicinity  of  La  Paz. 

Most  of  the  specimens  according  to  Mann  (in  litt.)  are  still  unidentified, 
and  are  in  the  United  States  National  Museum. 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACHEE  AND  BOSS:  INIBODUCTOET  ACCOUNT  5 

1925,  California  Academy  of  Sciences  Expedition  to  the  Revillagigedo  Islands. 
G.  Dallas  Hanna  (1926). 

Although  the  object  of  this  expedition  was  to  collect  scientific  data  and 
specimens  on  the  Revillagigedo  Islands,  and  secondarily  on  the  Tres  Marias 
Islands,  several  short  stops  were  made  at  points  on  the  peninsula  of  Lower 
California  and  on  the  islands  off  its  western  shore.  At  these  opportunities 
Mr.  H.  H.  Keifer,  the  entomologist  of  the  expedition,  secured  entomological 
material. 

These  stops  were  as  follows  :  April  19-22,  Guadalupe  Island ;  May  28,  Cape 
San  Lucas,  "about  a  two-hour  stop" ;  May  29,  30,  Magdalena  Bay,  "rain  of 
recent  date";  June  1-3,  San  Bartolome  Bay,  "excessive  aridity";  June  3-6, 
Cedros  Island,  "collecting  good" ;  June  7,  8,  San  Quintin  Point ;  June  8,  San 
Martin  Island,  "numerous  insects  and  spiders  were  taken." 

For  a  detailed  account  of  this  expedition,  particularly  of  its  work  on  the 
Revillagigedo  and  Tres  Marias  Islands,  the  insects  of  which  are  reported  in  the 
appendices  of  the  reports  on  each  group  of  this  series,  the  reader  is  referred  to 
Dr.  Hanna's  account  (1926). 

1928,  T.  Craig. 

During  February  and  March  of  1928  Mr.  Craig  visited  a  number  of  points 
along  the  shore  of  Lower  California,  Sonora,  and  several  adjacent  islands.  His 
collections  for  the  most  part  consist  of  Lepidoptera  and  have  been  presented 
to  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

He  collected  at  the  following  localities  :  Lower  California,  Cape  San  Lucas, 
El  Tule  Ranch,  La  Paz,  Porto  Escondido,  Muertos  Bay,  Santa  Maria  Bay, 
Espiritu  Santo  Island ;  Sonora,  San  Pedro  Bay ;  Revillagigedo  Islands,  Clar- 
ion Island ;  Socorro  Island. 

1930,  The  Newh old-Morris  Expedition. 

Mr.  Clement  B.  Newbold  and  Mr.  Binghan  W.  Morris  made  an  overland  col- 
lecting trip  throughout  the  length  of  Lower  California  from  February  10th  to 
April  3rd,  1930.  According  to  Hebard  (1931) ,  the  expedition  secured  an  inter- 
esting collection  of  Orthoptera. 

1934,  G.  F.  Ferris. 

Traveling  overland  by  automobile.  Professor  Ferris  and  Mrs.  Ferris  accom- 
panied Dr.  Forrest  Shreve  and  T.  D.  Mallery  of  the  Desert  Laboratory  of  the 
Carnegie  Institution  of  Washington.  The  party  traveled  south  from  Tijuana 
to  Concepcion  Bay,  thence  back  to  Santa  Rosalia,  and  by  boat  across  the  Gulf  to 
Guaymas,  where  they  drove  north  through  Sonora  to  Nogales,  Arizona. 

Professor  Ferris  collected  only  scale  insects.  The  other  members  of  the  party 
were  on  a  botanical  expedition.  The  season  was  very  dry. 


6  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

1938,  Michelbacher-Ross  Expedition. 

During  the  summer  of  1938,  between  June  lOtli  and  August  15th,  an  expedi- 
tion overland  from  Tijuana  to  Cape  San  Lucas  and  return  was  made  with  the 
express  purpose  of  collecting  as  thoroughly  as  possible  in  a  limited  time  the 
insect  fauna  of  the  peninsula.  The  collection  thus  secured  has  largely  formed 
the  basis  for  the  present  series  of  reports. 

The  party  consisted  of  Dr.  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  Mr.  E.  S.  Ross  of  the 
University  of  California  and  Mrs.  A.  E.  Michelbacher  of  the  California  State 
Department  of  Health.  The  members  of  this  expedition  are  grateful  to  officials 
of  the  University  of  California,  the  Fish  and  Game  Commission  of  Mexico  and 
the  Automobile  Club  of  Southern  California  for  their  cooperation  in  making 
this  venture  possible. 

The  expedition  traveled  by  automobile,  using  a  half-ton  1931  Model  A  Ford 
panel  truck,  often  carrying  large  supplies  of  food,  gasoline  and  water  to 
traverse  sparsely  inhabited  areas.  The  road  south  of  Santo  Tomas  (30  miles 
south  of  Ensefiada)  to  the  Cape,  as  expected,  proved  to  be  ver}^  poor  and  almost 
impassable  in  many  places.  However,  for  properly  equipped  expeditions  with 
sufficient  time  to  travel  slowly,  the  trip  is  quite  feasible. 

Nearly  fifty,  generally  different,  camps  were  made,  where  possible  in  the 
most  promising  spots  for  collecting  throughout  the  length  of  the  peninsula. 
The  average  day's  collecting  routine  consisted  of  arising  early  in  the  morning 
to  ''beat"  and  otherwise  to  search  for  insects  until  about  10  a.m.,  at  which  time 
camp  was  broken.  The  time  from  10  a.m.  until  4  or  5  in  the  afternoon  was 
devoted  to  travel  and  to  numerous  short  collecting  stops  along  the  road.  Gen- 
erally only  50  miles  were  covered  in  this  time.  Camp  then  would  be  made  and 
collecting  would  commence  at  once  and  continue  until  almost  dark.  At  this 
time  the  gasoline  lanterns  would  be  lighted,  one  of  these  remaining  stationary 
in  a  favorable  spot  to  attract  night-flying  insects,  the  other  being  carried  by  a 
member  of  the  party  to  illuminate  the  "night  beating"  of  a  companion.  Often 
the  lanterns  were  also  used  to  search  the  ground  and  vegetation  for  crawling 
nocturnal  insects  so  prevalent  in  such  desert  regions.  By  such  a  division  of 
labor  the  size  of  the  collection  obtained  was  greatly  increased.  The  day's  col- 
lecting would  be  discontinued  at  11  p.m.  or  later  depending  upon  the  abun- 
dance of  the  insects  in  the  area. 

Approximately  50,000  specimens  of  insects  were  collected  in  the  course  of 
this  expedition,  man}^  of  which  were  secured  in  localities  never  before  visited 
by  entomologists. 

Much  of  the  mounting  and  labelling  of  the  specimens  obtained  was  accom- 
plished through  the  assistance  of  the  National  Youth  Administration  and 
Work  Projects  Administration. 

Owing  to  the  large  number  of  collecting  stops,  these  and  the  conditions 
observed  can  be  but  briefl}^  summarized  as  follows  according  to  the  general 
geographic  area  in  which  they  were  located.  The  titles  here  used  are  not  to  be 
considered  indicative  of  natural  faunal  areas  in  every  case. 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACHEB  AND  BOSS :  INTRODUCTORY  ACCOUNT  7 

I.  NortliAvest  Pacific  Coastal  Area  between  Tijuana  and  Rosario. 

The  biota  and  climate  of  this  region  are  quite  similar  to  that  of  coastal  San 
Diego  County,  California.  It  is  a  region  of  very  frequent  fog  and  scanty  winter 
rains.  At  the  time  of  the  expedition's  visit  in  the  area  conditions  were  far  past 
their  prime,  and  as  a  result  collecting  in  general  was  poor.  The  region  should 
be  visited  during  the  spring  for  the  best  collecting. 

The  camps  made  in  this  area  are  listed  as  follows : 

1.  Eosarito  Beach,  June  13,  August  4.  Very  dry;  poor  collecting. 

2.  17  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June  14.  Watered  arroyo ;  fair  aquatic  and  night  collecting. 

3.  20  miles  south  of  Santos  Tomas,  August  3.  Small,  well-watered,  foothill  valley  with 
dense,  riparian  vegetation. 

4.  Eio  San  Telmo  (mouth),  June  15.  Very  cold  and  foggy;  little  collecting. 

5.  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2.  Broad,  sandy  arroyo,  abundant  streamside  vegetation. 

6.  Socorro,  June  16.  Cold  and  foggy;  no  collecting. 

7.  15  miles  north  of  Eosario,  August  1.  Beach;  collecting  under  seaweed  good. 

Of  the  many  stops  en  route,  one  deserves  particular  mention,  that  being  the 
one  made  on  the  broad  plain  near  San  Quintin  on  August  2,  where  collecting 
was  good  on  the  varied  plants  growing  thereabout. 

II.  The  Arid,  Central  Mountainous  Plateau  Region  between  Rosario  and  Punta 
Prieta. 

In  the  rocky  hills  east  of  Rosario  the  flora  suddenly  takes  on  a  new  aspect. 
Idi^ia  columnaris  and  Pachycereus  pringlei  and  many  species  of  cacti  dominate 
the  scene.  In  the  plateau  region  about  El  Marmol  the  vegetation  is  scanty  and 
conditions  in  many  respects  seem  to  represent  a  southern  continuation  of  the 
Colorado  Desert  of  California.  Near  Catavina  a  granitic  formation  is  exposed 
which  produces  a  very  rough,  boulder-covered  terrain  upon  which  grow 
numerous  Pachycereus,  Iclria,  Pachycormus  discolor,  Opuntia,  Fouquieria 
splendens,  etc.,  and  in  certain  arroyos  fan  palms  of  the  genera  WasJmigtonia 
and  Glaucothea  are  abundant. 

Dense  growths  of  Yucca  valida  are  seen  on  the  sandy  plain  bordering  the 
northwestern  base  of  the  Sierra  San  Borjas.  On  the  alluvial  gravel  plains, 
north  of  and  about  Punta  Prieta,  the  Pachycormus  which  were  in  bloom  are 
particularly  abundant. 

This  last  mentioned  region  in  spite  of  its  rich  flora  is  extremely  arid  and 
the  vegetation  seems  to  be  highly  adapted  to  such  conditions. 

Camps  were  made  in  this  area  as  follows  : 

1. 18  miles  east  of  Eosario,  June  17.  Poor  collecting,  due  to  cold,  foggy  night. 

2.  San  Fernando,  July  30.  Marshy,  alkali  valley  surrounded  by  extreme  desert  hills. 

3.  7  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  June  18.  Cool  night;  good  beating  on  cat-claw  and  mes- 
quite. 

4.  Catavina,  June  19  Wet  arroyo ;  variety  of  conditions ;  fair  collecting. 

5.  10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29.  Arroyo ;  fair  "light  collecting." 

6.  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  20.  Very  dry ;  good  beating  on  mesquite. 

7.  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  28.  Dry;  good  night  collecting, 

8. 10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21.  Broad,  dry  valley;  dense  large  mesquite  grove. 


8  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

III.  The  Foggy  Pacific  Coast  Desert. 

The  immediate  coastal  plain  in  this  area  is  very  desolate.  The  plants  near 
the  shore,  P  achy  cor  mus,  Fouquieria  peninsularis,  etc.,  are  much  stunted  and 
gnarled  by  wind  and  covered  with  dense  epiphytic  growths.  For  many  miles 
inland  the  foggy  conditions  continue  to  produce  perhaps  even  more  extensive 
such  growths  on  the  desert  plants  and  rocks.  The  climate  is  characterized  by 
nearly  perpetual  fogs  which  during  the  night  may  drift  inland  to  the  moun- 
tains. These  probably  prevail  throughout  much  of  the  length  of  the  northern 
half  of  the  Pacific  coast. 

About  Mesquital  the  Yucca  valida  attain  huge  proportions,  some  specimens 
being  nearly  15  feet  high  and  of  equal  extent.  These  bore  numerous  large 
blossoming  heads. 

Insect  collecting  in  this  area  proved  to  be  poor.  Several  stops  were  made 
during  the  daytime  en  route,  and  two  camps  were  made  at  Mesquital,  June  22 
and  July  27,  with  but  fair  collecting  success. 

IV.  The  Vizcaino  Desert. 

The  road  passes  along  the  eastern  portion  of  this,  the  largest  desert  in  Lower 
California. 

The  flora  proved  to  be  richer  than  might  be  expected,  and  many  plants 
found  commonly  much  farther  to  the  south  were  seen  here  for  the  first  time. 
Pachycereus,  Agave  and  Yucca  valida  are  common  in  the  northern  part,  the 
first  mentioned  being  particularly  large  and  dense  just  south  of  Mesquital. 
Several  areas  were  collected  which  had  received  relatively  recent  water,  and 
the  resultant  growth  of  annuals  was  very  profuse.  A  corresponding  increase 
in  the  animal  life  was  also  noted.  A  number  of  rocky  arroyos  toward  the 
southern  extremity  of  the  desert  showed  evidences  of  great  floods  originating 
in  the  rugged  mountains  to  the  east.  These  as  a  result  possessed  plant  life  rich 
in  species. 

Camps  were  located  as  follows : 

1. 14  miles  south  of  the  El  Arco  Mine,  June  23.  An  area  that  had  been  flooded  during  the 
past  season ;  spiny  poppies  very  large ;  mesquite  in  full  bloom. 

2.  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26.  Near  an  arroyo ;  night-collecting  good,  rain 
threatening. 

3. 15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24  and  July  25.  In  a  rocky  arroyo  which  had  re- 
cently carried  water ;  collecting  good. 

V.  The  South-Central,  Rocky,  Volcanic  Mountain  Region. 

The  mountains  of  this  region,  of  which  the  Sierra  Giganta  constitutes  the 
dominant  range,  consist  largely  of  volcanic  rocks.  The  rough  basaltic  rock 
which  is  present  supports  rather  scattered  vegetation,  most  of  the  species  of 
which  occur  on  a  larger  scale  in  the  Cape  Region.  Several  deep  gorges  are 
present  which  possess  large  springs  making  possible  considerable  agriculture 
such  as  at  San  Ignacio  in  the  north,  and  Comondu  and  La  Purisima  farther 
south.  Perhaps  due  to  the  replacement  of  the  native  flora  in  these  places  by 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACHEB  AND  BOSS:  INIBODUCTOBY  ACCOUNT  9 

cultivated  plants  such  as  date  palms,  sugar  cane,  corn,  grapes,  figs,  mangoes, 
etc.,  collecting  proved  to  be  very  poor.  High  in  the  mountains  north  of  Co- 
mondu  several  lagoons  of  fresh  water  were  present,  the  surrounding  native 
flora  of  which  provided  good  collecting. 

Some  of  the  common  plants  of  this  region  are  Elaphrium,  Jatropha,  Cerci- 
dium,  Prosopis,  Lysiloma  Candida,  Lemaireocereus  tliiir'beri,  Salix,  Pachy- 
cereus,  Opiintia  and  Ficus  palmeri. 

This  region,  of  course,  receives  more  rain  than  the  surrounding  desert,  but 
much  less  and  more  sporadic  than  that  of  the  Cape  Region.  During  the  trip 
south  no  rain  of  appreciable  amount  had  fallen  where  the  expedition  passed, 
but  showers  were  seen  in  the  distance  on  many  sides.  However,  before  the  re- 
turn journey  considerable  rain  had  fallen  along  the  road,  and  its  effect  on 
the  vegetation  and  insects  was  noticeable.  These  rains  are  often  localized,  and 
although  one  area  may  receive  abundant  rain,  a  neighboring  locality  may  fail 
to  have  rain  even  for  a  series  of  years  in  succession. 

Most  of  the  arroyos  of  these  mountains  drain  toward  the  west  as  the  moun- 
tains, like  the  Sierra  Nevada  of  California  and  most  other  ranges  of  Lower 
California,  rise  abruptly  on  the  east  and  slope  gently  westward. 

Camps  in  this  area  were  located  as  follows  : 

1.  San  Ignacio,  June  25.  Agricultural  area ;  poor  collecting. 

2.  25  miles  west  of  Santa  Eosalia,  June  26.  At  base  of  one  of  the  Tres  Virgines  volcanoes. 
Very  arid ;  vegetation  sparse ;  collecting  poor. 

3.20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  1  (no  camp),  and  July  23.  Fresh  water  lagoons; 
excellent  collecting. 

4.  Comondu,  July  21,  22.  Agricultural  area;  fair  collecting. 

5.  San  Miguel,  July  2.  Conditions  similar  to  above. 

6.  5  miles  west  of  San  Miguel,  July  20.  In  a  deep  gorge ;  vegetation  large,  but  no  rain  in 
several  years ;  collecting  poor. 

7.  20  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  16   ]  Northern  extension  of  Cape  Eegion 
8. 15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July    4   (     flora ;  very  dry,  collecting  fair. 

VI.  The  Shores  of  the  Gulf  of  California. 

The  region  bordering  the  west  shore  of  the  gulf  is  very  arid.  In  most  spots 
the  shores  are  alkaline  and  support  salt  marsh  vegetation.  Mangrove  trees 
are  common  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  bordering  and  growing  in  the  frequent 
salt  water  lagoons  and  estuaries.  The  blossoms  of  these  attracted  many  insects. 
On  the  very  dry,  rough  rocky  slopes  behind  the  shore  a  sparse  vegetation  domi- 
nated by  cacti  is  present. 

Littoral  collecting  was  good,  but  the  almost  complete  absence  of  seaweed 
on  the  beaches  reduces  the  fauna  considerably. 

Collections  were  made  at  the  following  camps : 

1. 12  miles  south  of  Santa  Eosalia,  June  27  (near  San  Bruno) ,  Fair  collecting. 

2.  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Eosalia,  July  25.  Well  inland  next  to  a  broad  arroyo ;  recent  rain. 

3.  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  28,  29,  30 ;  July  24.  Collecting  good  on  mangrove 
blossoms  only. 

4.  La  Paz,  July  16.  Brief  littoral  collecting  (no  camp). 

5.  Buena  Vista,  July  7.  (Cape  Eegion)  very  poor  (no  camp) 


10  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

VII.  The  Magdalena  Plain. 

This  low,  silty  plain  gently  sloping  westward  has  apparently  resulted  from 
the  deposition  of  sand  and  silt  from  the  mountains  to  the  east.  There  are  indi- 
cations that  until  recent  geological  times  it  was  beneath  the  sea,  and  therefore 
the  biota  it  supports  has  moved  on  to  it  later  from  neighboring  residual  areas. 
The  Magdalena  Bay  is  undoubtedly  a  remnant  of  this  encroachment  of  the 
sea,  and  the  islands  along  its  western  margin,  the  Santa  Margarita  and  Santa 
Magdalena  Islands,  which  are  mountainous  and  composed  largely  of  Pre- 
Cretaceous  schists  (Darton,  1921) ,  were  probably  once  more  widely  separated 
from  the  mainland. 

Fouquieria  peninsiilaris  with  its  covering  of  Orchilla  is  the  dominant  plant 
amid  which  grow  cacti :  PacJiycereus,  Lemaireocereus  gummosus  and  eruca 
(the  latter  very  localized  about  San  Domingo),  numerous  Opuntia,  Eckino- 
cereus  and  Lophocereus. 

A  number  of  large  arroyos  originating  in  the  sierra  to  the  east  cross  the 
plain,  along  which  there  are  dense  growths  of  mesquite.  A  characteristic 
feature  of  the  plain  is  the  very  numerous,  shallow,  dry  lake  beds  which  are 
generally  devoid  of  vegetation.  No  recent  rain  had  fallen  at  the  time  visited, 
but  during  the  return  trip  the  clouds  were  threatening  and  a  few  drops  of 
rain  fell.  Sporadic  occurrences  of  parched  grass  indicated  the  presence  of 
appreciable  rain,  perhaps  during  the  previous  year.  In  such  spots  collecting 
was  very  good. 

Principal  collections  were  made  at  the  following  localities : 

1.  San  Domingo,  July  19.  Large,  mesquite-bordered  arroyo ;  very  dry  but  collecting  ex- 
cellent. 

2.  15  miles  north  of  El  Eef ugio,  July  3.  Another  such  arroyo ;  parched  grass  present,  very 
dry  but  collecting  excellent. 

3.  Magdalena  Bay,  July  18  (south  of  Medano  Amarillo).  Beach  near  mangroves;  littoral 
collecting  good ;  rain  threatening. 

4.  Venancio,  July  17.  Large  arroyo ;  very  dry;  collecting  good. 

VIII.  The  Cape  Region. 

This  famous  region,  which  until  recent  gelogical  time  was  separated  from 
the  rest  of  the  peninsula  as  an  island,  possesses  the  richest  and  best  known 
fauna  and  flora  of  Lower  California.  Eisen  (1895)  gives  a  vivid  description  of 
this  region. 

The  rains  are  of  more  or  less  regular  occurrence  and  generally  come  in  the 
summer  months.  Rains  had  already  commenced  a  few  weeks  prior  to  the  ar- 
rival of  the  part  in  the  region  early  in  July.  The  countryside  showed  evidences 
of  its  variable  amount  and  of  time  interval  in  the  various  shades  of  green  of 
the  vegetation  covering  the  mountains.  The  earliest  and  greatest  amount  of 
rain  had  evidently  fallen  in  the  vicinity  of  Miraflores,  for  the  vegetation 
there  was  much  more  advanced  than  elsewhere  visited.  The  general  conditions 
encountered  were  comparable  to  very  early  spring  in  temperate  regions,  and 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACHER  AND  BOSS:  INTRODUCTORY  ACCOUNT  11 

most  of  the  insects  collected  were  probably  representatives  of  the  brood  that 
had  survived  the  long  dry  season.  It  was  too  early  to  have  had  the  opportunity 
of  collecting  the  more  populous  later  generations. 

Collections  were  made  chiefly  at  the  following  points : 

1.  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  5.  Very  recent  rain. 

2.  6  miles  north  of  Triunf  o,  July  15.  Eecent  rain. 

3.  Triunfo,  July  6,  13,  14.  Spring-like  conditions;  collecting  good. 

4.  5  miles  north  of  San  Bartolo,  July  12.  Early  effect  of  rain. 

5.  Santiago,  July  7.  Near  small  area  recently  cleared  of  brush;  dry. 

6.  Miraflores,  July  8.  (Boca  de  Sierra).  Dense  jungle-like  growth. 

7.  10  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  11.  Excellent  collecting. 

8. 10  miles  west  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9.  (Near  coast).  Very  dry;  poor  collecting. 
9.  8  miles  east  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10.  At  beach,  dry. 
10.  Todos  Santos,  July  15.  (No  camp).  Very  dry,  but  collecting  fair. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  numerous  stops  were  made  along  the  road ;  collect- 
ing was  found  to  be  particularly  good  in  rotting  Elaphrium  and  Pachycereus 
and  at  lio^hts. 


■■o" 


1938-1939,  Rindge  Exj)  edit  ions. 

Two  expeditions  traveling  entirely  by  boat,  the  yacht  ^'Samona  II,''  were 
made  by  the  Rindge  family,  during  which  Lepidoptera  were  collected.  The 
first  began  in  mid-December,  and  lasted  until  early  January  of  1939.  Fred  H. 
Rindge  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  H.  Rindge  acted  as  collectors.  The  peninsular 
localities  collected  were:  San  Lucas  Bay  (best  collecting),  Los  Frailes  Bay, 
Pulpito  Bay,  San  Marte  Bay,  Puerto  Escondido,  Las  Animas  Bay,  Muertos 
Bay.  The  gulf  islands  visited  were  San  Jose  Island  (Armortajada  Bay  and 
north  end)  and  Tiburon  Island  (Monument  Bay).  Stops  were  also  made  in 
Sonora  at  San  Pedro  Bay,  San  Carlos  Bay  and  Guaymas. 

The  second  trip,  with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  K.  Rindge  and  Capt.  W.  B.  Studley 
as  collectors,  was  made  during  April  and  May  of  1939.  The  only  Lower  Cali- 
fornia stops  were  at  San  Lucas  and  Muertos  Bays,  where  conditions  were  found 
to  be  too  dry  for  good  collecting.  Other  collections  w^ere  made  in  the  states  of 
Guerrero,  Jalisco  and  Sinaloa  on  the  iMexican  mainland. 

1939,  Mexican  to  San  Felipe. 

The  region  south  of  Mexicali  for  many  miles  is  rich  irrigated  farm  land,  a 
southern  extension  of  that  of  the  Imperial  Valley  of  California.  As  expected, 
the  insect  fauna  is  also  similar. 

Farther  south,  near  Hardy's  Colorado  River  at  El  Mayor,  very  dense 
growths  of  mesquite  are  present,  with  an  abrupt  narrow  fringe  of  Salix,  etc., 
bordering  the  river.  To  the  west  the  Sierra  de  los  Cucopahs  rise,  very  rocky 
and  almost  bare  of  vegetation. 

South  of  El  Mayor  a  40-mile  strip  of  bare,  salt  flat,  bordered  to  the  west  by 
the  Sierra  Pinta,  is  present  which  is  frequently  flooded  by  the  high  tides  of 
the  head  of  the  Gulf  of  California.  Recentlv  these  tides  have  made  their  way 


12  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

many  miles  farther  inland,  and  as  a  result  acres  of  mesquite  have  died  due 
to  salt-water  flooding. 

Near  San  Felipe  the  land  is  more  elevated  and  consists  of  gravel  and  sand. 
Many  southern  species  of  plants  are  present  in  spite  of  the  great  aridity. 

Two  short  trips  were  made  into  this  region  in  1939 ;  the  first  by  E.  S.  Ross 
and  C.  D.  Michener  in  early  April.  Collections  were  made  20  miles  south  of 
Palacio,  near  El  Mayor  and  20  miles  west  of  Mexicali.  The  party  could  not 
proceed  very  far  south  of  El  Mayor  because  of  the  then-impassable  muddy 
salt  flat.  During  this  same  trip  two  stops  were  made  on  the  Pacific  coast  at 
Rosarito  Beach  south  of  Tijuana. 

The  second  trip  was  made  by  E.  S.  Ross  and  R.  Folsom  in  late  June.  Collec- 
tions were  made  in  the  agricultural  area  south  of  Mexicali  and  in  the  vicinity 
of  San  Felipe.  Collecting  was  particularly  good  on  the  beach  at  this  point 
under  numerous  large,  dead  fish  left  by  fishermen. 

1941,  California  Academy  of  Sciences  Expedition  to  Lower  California. 

Between  September  19  and  November  5, 1941,  an  expedition  from  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences  collected  insects  and  plants  in  Lower  California. 
Insects  were  collected  by  Dr.  E.  S.  Ross  and  Mr.  G.  E.  Bohart  and  the  plants 
by  Miss  B.  J.  Hammerly.  Also  in  the  party  were  Mrs.  Berta  Jongeneel  and 
Mr.  Morton  Gleason,  Jr. 

The  above  group  traveled  overland  in  a  one  and  one-half -ton  truck  and  col- 
lected at  many  of  the  localities  visited  by  the  Michelbacher-Ross  expedition 
of  1938.  At  this  time  of  year,  however,  the  mountains  and  much  of  the  low- 
lands from  Santa  Rosalia  to  Cape  San  Lucas  showed  the  benefit  of  an  abun- 
dance of  late  summer  rain.  The  trees  and  shrubs  were  in  full  leaf  and  the 
ground  often  covered  with  grass  and  blossoming  annuals.  As  a  result  the 
collection  obtained  is  rich  in  flower-visiting  Diptera  and  Hymenoptera.  Cool 
nights  and  the  late  season  seemed  to  limit  the  number  of  insects  attracted  to 
the  lights,  but  nevertheless  an  excellent  collection  of  moths  was  thus  obtained. 

A  side  trip  was  made  by  mule  from  Todos  Santos  to  La  Laguna  in  the  Sierra 
Laguna.  The  collection  of  insects  made  in  this  region  with  its  isolated  associa- 
tion of  pine,  oak  and  madrone  should  prove  to  be  particularly  interesting. 

w  ^  ^  vt*  "A*  w  '!? 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  G.  Allan  Hancock  Expeditions  should  be  men- 
tioned ;  these  which  commenced  in  1934  and  have  continued  annually  since, 
have  secured  numbers  of  important  insect  specimens  in  and  about  Lower 
California. 


Vol.  XXIV]        MICHELBACEEB  AND  BOSS :  INTEODUCTOEY  ACCOUNT  13 

SELECTED  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Automobile  Club  of  Southern  California. 

1934.  Log  of  the  Peninsula  of  Lower  California  and  the  Gulf  of  California.  Outing  Bureau 

Auto.  Club  S.  Calif.,  Los  Angeles,  California,  23  pp.,  map. 
1939.  Eevised  edition. 

Browne,  J.  E.,  et  al. 

1887.  Resources  of  the  Pacific  Slope.  Pp.  1-678 ;  1-200,  New  York. 

Bryant,  W.  E. 

1891.  The  Cape  region  of  Lower  California.  Zoe,  2:185-201. 

Darton,  N.  H. 

1921.  Geological  Reconnaissance  in  Baja  California.  Journ.  Geol.,  29:721-748. 

ElSEN,  G. 

1895.  Explorations  in  the  Cape  Region  of  Baja  California  in  1894,  with  references  to 
former  Expeditions  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci. 
(2)  5:733-775,  pi.  72-75,  maps. 

Emmons,  S.  F.,  and  Merrill,  G.  P. 

1894.  A  geological  sketch  of  Lower  California.  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Amer.,  5:489-515. 

Ferris,  G.  F. 

1920.  Insects  of  economic  importance  in  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California,  Mexico. 
Journ.  Econ.  Ent.,  13:463-467. 

1921.  Report  on  a  collection  of  Coccidae  from  Lower  California.  Stanford  Univ.  Publ., 
Univ.,  Series,  Biol.  Sci.,  1:  pt.  2 :  61-132,  52  figs. 

Goldman,  E.  A. 

1916.  Plant  records  of  an  expedition  to  Lower  California.  Contr.  L^.  S.  Nat.  Herbarium, 
16(14)  :309-371, 1-XIII,  pi.  104-133,  map. 

Grossbeck,  J.  A. 

1912.  List  of  insects  collected  by  the  Albatross  Expedition  in  Lower  California  in  1911, 
with  description  of  a  new  species  of  wasp.  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  31:323-326. 

Hebard,  M. 

1931.  Studies  in  Lower  California  Orthoptera.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  57:113-127,  pi.  22. 

Hanna,  G.  D. 

1926.  Expedition  to  the  Revillagigedo  Islands,  Mexico,  in  1925 — general  report.  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (4)  15:1-94,  pi.  1-10. 

Horn,  G.  H. 

1894.  The  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California  (I).  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  4:302-449,  pi. 

Mann,  Wm.  M. 

1924.  Myrmecophiles  from  the  western  United  States  and  Lower  California.  Ann.  Ent. 
Soc.  Amer.  17:87-95,  figs. 

Nelson,  E.  W. 

1885.  Natural  history  of  the  Tres  Marias  Islands.  U.S.D.A.  Biol.  Survey  1885,  N.  A. 

Fauna  No.  14. 
1911.  A  land  of  drought  and  desert — Lower  California.  National  Geogr.  Mag.  22:443-474, 

28  ill. 
1921.  Lower  California  and  its  natural  resources.  Mem.  Nat.  Acad.  Sci.  16:1-194,  pi. 

1-35.  (Excellent  treatise  and  complete  bibliography.) 


14  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Schmidt,  K.  P. 

1922.  The  amphibians  and  reptiles  of  Lower  California  and  the  neighboring  islands.  Bull. 
Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  46:607-707,  figs. 

Slevin,  J.  E. 

1923.  Expedition  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  to  the  Gulf  of  California  in 
1921 — General  Account.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (4)  12:55-72,  map. 

1931.  Log  of  the  Schooner  "Academy."  A  voyage  of  scientific  research  to  the  Galapagos 
Islands  1905-1906.  Occ.  papers  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  17:1-162,  16  pi.,  map. 

Streets,  T.  H. 

1877.  Contributions  to  the  natural  history  of  the  Hawaiian  and  Fanning  Islands  and 
Lower  California.  Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  No.  7:1-172. 

TOWNSEND,  C.  H. 

1916.  Voyage  of  the  Albatross  to  the  Gulf  of  California  in  1911.  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.  35 : 399-476,  figs.  1-45,  map. 

Xantus,  de  Vesey,  J. 

1860.  Travel  in  the  southern  parts  of  California.  Budapest ;  Lauffer  and  Stolp,  Publishers. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES 

PLATES  1-3 

The  maps  on  Plates  1-3  were  prepared  to  indicate  the  principal 
localities  in  Lower  California  at  which  collections  of  insects  have 
been  made.  Information  has  been  freely  compiled  from  many 
sources  but  principally  from  maps  published  as  follows: 

Eisen,  Gustav,  and  F.  H.  Vaslit.  1895.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2) 
5;  Plates  72-75B. 

Nelson,  E.  W.  1921.  Mem.  Nat.  Acad.  Sci.,  Vol.  16,  1st  Memoir. 

Slevin,  J.  R.  1923.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)  12:55-72  (Map 
by  G.  D.  Hanna), 

Outing  Map  of  Low^er  (Baja)  California  and  the  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia, Automobile  Club  of  Southern  California,  Los  Angeles, 
California. 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    1    [M  ICHELBACHER   AND    ROSS]   PLATE    1 


[15] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI.,  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    1  [M ICH  ELBACHER   AND    ROSS]   PLATE   2 


[17] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    1   [M  ICHELBACH  ER   AND    ROSS]   PLATE   3 


[19] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  2,  pp.  21-96,  pis.  4-5  March  31,  1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 

No.  2 
COLEOPTERA:  CERAMBYCIDAE 

BY 

E.  GORTON  LINSLEY 

University  of  California 


THE  FIRST  RECORDS  of  Cerambycidae  from  tlie  peninsula  of  Lower  California 
are  to  be  found  in  a  brief  report  by  LeConte  (1861) .  In  this  paper  he  men- 
tions four  longicorn  species,  previously  known  from  southwestern  United 
States,  which  were  present  in  Lower  California  material  collected  by  John 
Xantus  de  Vesey  in  1859-1860.  In  1862,  Bland  described  two  species  {Ehuria 
iilkei  and  Moneilema  sul)r%igosum)  from  Xantus  material  which  had  found  its 
way  into  the  collections  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Philadelphia.  These 
were  the  first  Cerambycidae  actually  described  from  the  peninsula,  but  Le- 
Conte added  two  more  {Oxoplus  cruentus  and  0.  margmatus)  within  the  same 
year.  During  the  period  from  1862  to  1873,  a  few  additional  species  from  the 
Xantus  collections  were  mentioned  b}^  LeConte  in  scattered  references  but  it 
was  not  until  the  latter  year  that  he  made  any  systematic  attempt  to  describe 
the  new  ones.  In  a  paper  published  at  that  time  he  described  fifteen  new  species 
with  type  localities  recorded  as  "Cape  San  Lucas."  To  these  Horn  added  one 
or  two  more  in  the  next  few  years  which  he  merely  cited  as  from  the  "Peninsula 
of  Lower  California."  It  was  not  until  the  early  expeditions  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences,  beginning  in  1888,  that  definite  localities  were  known 
*  Printed  from  the  John  W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[21] 


22  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

for  Lower  California  Cerambycidae.  In  the  reports  by  Horn  (1894-95)  on 
the  results  of  these  expeditions,  fifty-three  species  were  listed  from  the  penin- 
sula, of  which  eight  were  described  as  new. 

In  1901,  the  Cape  Eegion  of  Lower  California  was  visited  by  Gustav  Beyer, 
w^ho  returned  with  many  interesting  Cerambycidae.  A  few  of  these  were 
studied  by  H.  C.  Fall  but  the  majority  ultimately  went  into  the  possession  of 
Charles  Schaeffer.  Each  of  these  men  added  a  few  new  longicorns  to  the  penin- 
sular list.  Their  work  was  followed  by  that  of  Casey,  who  published  descrip- 
tions of  several  new  Lower  California  species  between  1912  and  1924.  However, 
the  Casey  specimens  had  mostly  come  from  either  material  collected  by  the 
Academy  expeditions  or  hy  Beyer,  and  his  new^  names  mostly  involved  species 
which  had  appeared  under  other  names  in  previous  lists.  The  most  recent  addi- 
tions to  the  known  fauna  were  made  by  Linsley  (1934)  in  a  report  on  the 
collections  of  the  later  Academy  expeditions.  In  this  paper  seven  species  were 
added  to  the  faunal  list  (two  described  as  new) .  These  brought  the  total  num- 
ber of  Cerambycidae  known  from  Lower  California  and  the  adjacent  islands 
to  seventj^-nine. 

The  present  paper  is  based  on  the  very  fine  collections  made  by  the  Michel- 
bacher-Ross  expedition  of  1938.  In  spite  of  the  fact  that  this  expedition 
traversed  the  peninsula  in  the  dry  season,  seventy-three  species  of  Cerambyci- 
dae were  taken,  only  six  less  than  the  total  number  previously  known  from  the 
entire  area.  Of  these  species,  twenty-four  are  here  described  as  new,  and  thir- 
teen are  recorded  from  Lower  California  for  the  first  time.  Thus  one-half  of 
the  species  which  they  captured  were  new  to  the  peninsular  list.  From  this  fact 
we  must  conclude  that  our  knowledge  of  the  cerambycid  fauna  of  Lower  Cali- 
fornia is  still  very  fragmentary. 

DISTRIBUTION 

Generalizations  on  the  origin  and  distribution  of  the  Lower  California  ceram- 
bycid fauna  must  be  purely  provisional  in  the  present  state  of  our  knowledge. 
The  Cerambycidae  of  northwestern  Mexico  are  almost  unknown  and  without 
the  possibility  of  comparing  the  faunas  of  the  two  sides  of  the  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia, the  apparent  percentage  of  endemism  in  Lower  California  will  be 
unduly  high.  However,  with  this  fact  in  mind  a  few  tentative  observations  may 
be  made  on  the  basis  of  the  limited  material  now  available  for  study. 

From  an  analysis  of  the  Cerambycidae  it  seems  quite  evident  that  there  are 
at  least  four  well-marked  faunas  on  the  peninsula.  Two  of  these,  the  Van- 
couveran  and  Californian,  are  poorly  represented.  The  former  is  now  known 
in  Lower  California  by  only  three  longicorn  species  (Prionus  calif ornicus, 
Atimia  dor  sails,  and  Xylotrechiis  insignis).  This  fauna  attains  its  southern- 
most point  in  the  San  Pedro  Martir,  and  as  these  mountains  are  more  thor- 
oughly explored  other  Vancouveran  Cerambycidae  undoubtedly  will  be  found. 

The  Californian  fauna  as  represented  on  the  peninsula,  occurs  on  several  of 
the  west  coast  islands  and  extends  southward  from  San  Diego  County  at  least 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  23 

as  far  as  Rosario  along  the  coast  and  inland  nearly  to  Punta  Prieta.  It  is  also 
to  be  found  in  the  San  Pedro  Martir  Mountains.  Five  of  the  species  recorded 
below  are  representative  of  this  fauna,  most  typical  of  which  are  Ipochus 
fasciatus  and  Ortholeptura  insignis.  One  cerambycid  species,  Ipochus  in- 
sularis,  is  apparently  an  insular  endemic.  It  has  thus  far  been  found  only  on 
Middle  San  Benito  Island. 

The  largest  and  most  interesting  of  the  peninsular  faunas  is  that  of  the 
Cape  Region,  and  a  few  humid  river  valleys  and  oases  to  the  north.  Of  the 
Cerambycidae  which  at  present  seem  to  be  restricted  to  this  area,  twenty-six 
species  appear  to  have  been  derived  from  the  Neotropical  Fauna,  eleven  from 
the  Sonoran  fauna,  and  four  are  so  isolated  taxonomically  that  their  origin  is 
too  obscure  for  classification.  Fourteen  species  are  now  known  to  occur  both 
in  the  Cape  Region  and  in  areas  outside  of  Lower  California,  and  of  these, 
eight  are  clearly  Neotropical,  six  are  Sonoran.  Thus  it  would  appear  that  ap- 
proximately two-thirds  of  the  Cape  Region  cerambycid  fauna  is  of  Neotropical 
derivation.  This  does  not  mean,  however,  that  the  fauna  was  necessarily 
received  from  the  south  or  from  across  the  Gulf  of  California,  although  either 
of  these  routes  might  possibly  have  been  available  at  some  time  in  the  past.  The 
existence  of  a  number  of  Cape  Region  species  (or  their  closest  relatives)  in 
humid  pockets  on  each  side  of  the  Gulf  of  California,  as  well  as  along  the 
Colorado  River  in  southern  California  and  Arizona,  suggests  the  possibility 
that  the  present  Cape  fauna  may  be  a  remnant  of  a  once  more  extensive  biota 
which  has  retreated  with  increasing  aridity.  The  fact  that  the  Cape  fauna 
contains  endemic  longicorn  genera,  some  of  them  isolated  taxonomically, 
further  suggests  that  the  fauna  is  an  ancient  one. 

The  portion  of  Lower  California  north  of  the  Cape  Region  is,  as  would  be 
expected  from  its  climate  and  topography,  almost  purely  Sonoran  (except  for 
the  slight  penetration  of  Vancouveran  and  Californian  elements  as  noted 
above) .  Only  seven  species  of  Cerambycidae  appear  to  be  endemic  to  this  area 
and  with  further  collecting  many  of  these  will  probably  be  found  elsewhere. 
With  one  exception,  they  are  all  of  Sonoran  derivation.  Among  the  species 
which  occur  both  in  this  area  and  outside  of  the  peninsula,  eight  are  typically 
Sonoran,  one  is  doubtfully  Austro-Riparian,  none  can  be  said  to  be  Neotropi- 
cal. This  fauna  then,  is  clearly  part  of  that  of  the  great  Mexican  plateau  and 
the  arid  portions  of  southwestern  United  States.  The  known  cerambycid  fauna 
of  this  area  would  seem  to  indicate  that  it  is  of  much  more  recent  origin  than 
that  of  the  Cape  Region. 

METHODS 

The  procedure  followed  in  the  present  paper  has  been  the  systematic  listing  of 
all  the  species  of  Cerambycidae  known  to  occur  in  Lower  California  and  the 
adjacent  islands,  with  a  bibliography,  distribution,  and  host  summary  for 
each.  The  source  of  previous  records  has  been  indicated  by  identical  numbers 
appended  to  the  localities,  etc.,  and  the  corresponding  bibliographical  cita- 


24  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

tions.  All  new  records,  unless  otherwise  indicated,  are  from  the  collections  of 
the  Michelbacher-Ross  Expedition  of  1938.  The  holotypes  and  allotypes  of  the 
new  species  have  been  placed  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  Para- 
types  will  be  found  in  the  collections  of  A.  E.  Michelbacher,  E.  S.  Ross,  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  the  writer.  The  latter  is  very  greatly  in- 
debted to  Dr.  Michelbacher  and  Dr.  Ross  for  the  privilege  of  studying  their 
very  interesting  collections,  and  to  the  late  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  and  the  authorities 
of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  for  the  opportunity  of  examining  the 
extensive  Lower  California  series  which  is  in  their  care.  Appreciation  is  also 
expressed  to  Mrs.  Frieda  M.  Abernathy,  of  Berkeley,  California,  who  prepared 
the  excellent  drawings  which  accompany  the  paper. 

(1)  Stenodontes  (Nothopleurus)  lobigenis  (Bates) 

Nothopleurus  lobigenis  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centrr.-Amer.,  Colept.,  5  235\ 

Stenodontes   (Nothopleurus)    lohigeiiis,  Lameere,  1902,  Mem.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  9:    101; 

LiNSLEY,  1934,  Pan-Pac,  Ent.,  10:  59   (record)-;  Linsley,  1934,  Ent.  News,  45:   162; 

Linsley  and  Boss,  1940,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  76  (record). 
Mallodon  gnatlio  LeConte  (nee  White),  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  1858:  81. 
Mallodon  mandihulare  Gemminger  (nee  Eabriciiis),  1872,  Coleopt.  Hefte,  10:  254;  Bates, 

1859,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  10;  Bates,  1884,  I.e.,  5:  234;  Horn,  1884,  Bull. 

Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7:9;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)^ 
Stenodontes  castaneus  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  225*,  n.  syn. 

This  species  varies  greatly  in  size  and  in  the  series  at  hand  ranges  from  21 
to  38  mm.  in  the  female  and  from  20  to  40  mm.  in  the  male  (measurements  in 
both  sexes  exclusive  of  mandibles) .  In  the  male  the  mandibles  are  long,  slender, 
and  less  strongly  surved  than  in  the  female  and  vary  from  as  long  as  the  head 
to  one  and  three-fourths  times  as  long.  The  antennae  attain  the  middle  of  the 
elytra  in  the  male,  about  basal  one-fourth  in  the  female.  In  both  sexes  the 
metepisterna  is  narrow,  in  the  male  it  is  arcuate.  Although  I  have  not  examined 
the  type  of  Stenodontes  castajieus  Casey,  the  original  description  fits  the  pres- 
ent species  so  well  that  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  it  is  conspecific. 

Type  locality  :  Bay  of  Tehuantepec,  Mexico^ 

Recorded  distribution  :  southwestern  United  States  from  Texas  to  southern 
California ;  western  Mexico  from  Oaxaca  to  Sonora ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Car- 
men Island" ;  Lower  California :  San  Felipe*,  Santa  Rosa*,  La  Paz",  San  Jose 
del  Cabo'. 

New  records  :  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  July  21 ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July 
2 ;  Comondu,  July  22;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Venancio,  July 
17  ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5  ;  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6  ;  5  miles 
west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13 ;  Santiago,  July  8 ;  Miratlores,  July  8 ;  8  miles 
northeast  of  San  Lucas,  July  10. 

Forty-seven  examples  of  this  species  (fourteen  males)  were  taken  by  Michel- 
bacher and  Ross,  mostly  in  the  southern  half  of  the  peninsula,  either  at  light 
or  under  loose  bark  of  Elaphrium.  Apparently  the  species  is  equally  common 
in  the  Cape  Region  and  the  desert  areas  to  the  north.  In  addition  to  the  Michel- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  25 

bacher  and  Ross  material,  I  have  also  examined  Lower  California  specimens 
from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  Leng-Cazier),  La  Paz  (C.A.S.),  San  Jose  del  Cabo 
(C.A.S.,  Leng-Cazier),  El  Taste  (Leng-Cazier),  and  Carmen  Island  (C.A.S.). 

(2)  Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  molarius  (Bates) 

Mallodon  molarium  Bates,  1879,  Biol.  Centr-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  9,  pi.  1,  f.  10-11^;  Horn, 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)^-  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  23 :  164. 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  molarius,  Lameere,  1902,  Mem.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  9:  74. 

This  species  is  larger  than  the  preceding,  and  differs  in  the  broad  metepi- 
sterna  and  pronounced  sexual  dimorphism  in  the  sculpturing  of  the  pronotum. 
It  is  a  tropical  and  subtropical  form,  and  in  Lower  California  is  apparently 
restricted  to  the  Cape  Region.  No  specimens  were  captured  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  northern  South  America ;  Central  America ;  south- 
ern and  central  Mexico;  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

]\Iaterial  has  been  seen  from  the  following  localities  in  Lower  California : 
Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  Leng-Cazier),  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.). 

(3)  Derobrachus  geminatus  LeConte 

DeroTjrachus  geminatus  LeConte,  1853,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1853 :  233. 

Braderochus  geminatus,  Lacordaire,  1869,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  8 :  74. 

Derohrachus  (Derohrachus)  geminatus,  Lameere,  1911,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  55:  264. 

This  well  knoAvn  species,  widely  distributed  throughout  southwestern  United 
States  and  northern  Mexico,  is  apparently  represented  in  Lower  California  by 
a  single  subspecies,  forreri  Bates. 

(3a)  Derobrachus  geminatus  forreri  (Bates) 

Derohrachus  forreri  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Colept.,  5:  230^;  Schaefeer,  1902, 

NeAvs,  13 :  235-. 
Derohrachus  geminatus  forreri,  Lameere,  1911,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Belg.,  15:  265;  Grossbeck, 

1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31:  325  (record)^;  Van  Dyke,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10: 

58  (record)*. 
Derohrachus  geminatus,  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1861:  335  (record)^; 

Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)^;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent., 

10:  59  (record)'^. 

This  subspecies  differs  from  D.  geminatits  geminatus  by  the  more  narrowly 
separated  eyes,  more  slender  antennae,  more  densely  punctate  and  externally 
grooved  male  tibiae,  and  the  bispinose  male  elytral  apices.  In  the  series  at 
hand,  each  of  these  characters  exhibits  some  variation,  but  no  individual  ex- 
hibits all  of  the  characters  of  the  typical  form  from  Texas  and  Arizona. 

Type  locality  :  Presidio,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  northwestern  Mexico ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Angel  de 
la  Guardia  Island' ;  Lower  Calif ornia"'  ^ :  Santa  Rosalia' ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ ; 
Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunf  o^ 


26  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  Records :  San  Fernando,  July  31 ;  10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29  ; 
45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27 ;  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20; 
Comondu,  July  22 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio, 
July  4. 

Host :  "roots  of  olive  trees"*. 

Thirty-nine  examples  of  this  subspecies  were  captured  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross  between  July  4  and  July  31.  Two  specimens  (females)  were  taken  under 
loose  bark,  the  remainder  (males)  were  attracted  to  light.  Nearly  all  were  col- 
lected on  the  return  trip,  after  leaving  the  Cape  Region,  and  were  found  from 
El  Refugio  north  to  San  Fernando.  In  addition  to  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross 
specimens,  I  have  seen  Lower  California  material  from  the  following  locali- 
ties :  Santa  Rosalia  (C.A.S.),  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  Leng-Cazier),  San  Jose  del 
Cabo  (C.A.S.),  Cape  San  Lucas  (C.A.S.),  and  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island 
(C.A.S.). 

(4)  Prionus  calif  ornicus  Motschulsky 

Prionus  calif  ornicus  Motschulsky,  1845,  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Moscou,  18:  89,  pi.  2,  f.  9;  Le- 
CoNTE,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)2:  177 ;  Mannerheim,  1852,  Bull.  Soc.  Nat. 
Moscou,  25:  364;  Leng,  1884,  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7:  58;  Bates,  1892,  Trans.  Ent. 
Soc.  Lond.,  1892:  144  (record);  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3:  242;  Lameere,  1912, 
Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  56:  242;  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  216;  Linsley,  1938,  Pan- 
Pac.  Ent.,  14:  105  (syn.). 

Prionus  crassicornis  LeConte,  1851,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  2:  108;  Casey,  1924, 
Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  216. 

Prionus  calif  ornicus  ineptis  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  242. 

Prionus  ineptis,  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  219. 

Prionus  humeraUs  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11 :  216. 

This  species  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  California.  Three 
males  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  one  of  which  differs  in  having 
thirteen  segmented  antennae,  the  last  segment  of  the  maxillary  palpi  widest 
at  the  middle,  the  tarsi  more  slender,  and  the  elytra  rougher.  Thus  this  speci- 
men is  even  more  extreme  than  the  form  to  which  Lameere  gave  the  name 
Prionus  hornii.  Although  the  antennae  are  thirteen  segmented,  the  form  is 
not  at  all  like  P.  lecontei  Lameere,  from  California,  which  is  larger  and  has 
very  long  antennal  processes.  However,  practically  all  of  the  forms  (species, 
subspecies,  varieties?)  which  have  been  named  from  the  calif  ornicus  complex 
are  based  upon  males,  and  until  females  can  be  definitely  associated  with  them 
their  status  cannot  be  satisfactorily  determined.  In  the  opinion  of  the  present 
writer  they  will  probably  prove  to  be  no  more  than  individual  variants  of  a 
single  plastic  species. 

Type  locality :  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  Alaska  to  New  Mexico,  Sonora,  and  southern  Cali- 
fornia. 

New  records :  17  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June  14;  20  miles  south  of  Santo 
Tomas,  July  3. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  27 

(5)  Smodicum  pacificum  Linsley 

Smodicum  pacificum  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  107. 

The  genus  Smodicum  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. Specimens  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  represent  a  new  sub- 
species of  >S^.  pacificum,  described  originally  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands. 

(5a)  Smodicum  pacificum  peninsulare  Linsley,  new  subspecies 

Male :  Form  elongate,  flat,  subparallel ;  color  testaceous,  shining ;  vestiture 
short,  very  sparse,  suberect,  yellowish,  with  a  few^  scattered,  long,  erect  hairs 
intermixed ;  punctation  sparse,  fine.  Head  at  least  as  wide  as  pronotum ;  vertex 
nearly  plane,  coarsely  puctured,  the  punctures  varying  from  one  to  four  punc- 
ture widths  apart,  median  line  feebly  impressed ;  neck  with  sides  a  little  con- 
vex, subparallel  or  feebly  narrowed  posteriorly ;  antennae  barely  surpassing 
middle  of  elytra,  scape  robust,  nearly  as  long  as  two  following  segments  to- 
gether, second  segment  wider  than  long,  third  segment  distinctly  longer  than 
fourth  but  a  little  shorter  than  fifth  segment.  Pronotum  about  as  broad  as  long, 
widest  a  little  behind  the  middle,  octagonal,  antero-lateral  and  postero-lateral 
angles  obtusely  rounded;  surface  moderately  finely,  sparsely  punctured; 
prosternum  with  lateral  oval  depressions  dull,  scabrous,  intercoxal  process 
broad,  at  least  as  wide  as  coxae,  expanded  and  emarginate  posteriorly ;  meso- 
sternum  broad,  as  wide  as  coxae,  emarginate  posteriorly.  Elytra  about  three 
times  as  long  as  broad ;  surface  sparsely,  obscurely,  puctured ;  apices  feebly 
expanded,  broadly  separately  rounded.  Legs  short ;  femora  robust ;  posterior 
tarsi  with  first  segment  barely  longer  than  two  following  together.  Abdomen 
with  sternites  shining,  finely  sparsely  punctured ;  fifth  sternite  shorter  than 
fourth,  transverse,  apex  emarginate.  Length :  7-10  mm. 

Female  :  Form  a  little  less  robust  than  male;  antennae  not  attaining  middle 
of  elytra ;  pronotum  f eeblj^  wider  than  long ;  prosternum  scarcely  impressed 
at  sides  but  moderately  coarsely  punctured ;  fifth  sternite  longer  than  fourth, 
narrow,  rounded  at  apex.  Length  :  6-9  mm. 

Holotijpe,  male  (No.  5235,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent)  and  allotype,  female 
(No.  5236),  and  fourteen  paratypes  (males)  from  Miraflores,  July  8,  1938. 
Additional  paratypes :  three  females,  one  male,  from  5  miles  south  of  Mira- 
flores, July  10,  a  male  and  female  from  Santiago,  July  8,  and  two  males  from 
Triunfo,  July  13,  all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  under  bark  of 
Elaphrium.  Three  paratypes  have  been  deposited  in  the  collection  of  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences,  six  in  the  collection  of  the  writer,  the  remainder 
divided  between  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross  collections. 

This  subspecies  differs  from  the  typical  form  from  the  Tres  IMarias  by  the 
subparallel  or  feebly  narrowed  neck.  One  male  example  from  Miraflores  (not 
designated  as  a  paratype)  disagrees  with  the  others  by  having  the  postero- 
lateral angles  of  the  pronotum  distinct,  almost  tuberculif  orm,  two  vague,  dark, 


28  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

longitudinal,  i^ronotal  vittae,  and  the  antennae,  including  the  scape,  more 
slender.  This  is  probably  an  individual  variation  but  may  actually  represent 
a  different  species. 

(6)  Atimia  dorsalis  LeConte 

Antimia  dorsalis  LeConte,  1869,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  (4)  :  385^;  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Am. 
Ent.  Soc,  5:  199  (record) ^j  Leng,  1890,  Entom.  Amer.,  6:  10:  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)=^;  Craighead,  1922,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  34 
(habits) %•  Hardy,  1926,  Eep.  Prov.  Mus.  B.  C,  1925:  32,  pi.  4,  fig.  6;  Linsley,  1934, 
Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  24;  Linsley,  1936,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  12:  199  (habits)^;  Linsley,  1939, 
Bull.  So.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  38 :  70,  pi.  14,  fig.  4. 

No  Lower  California  examples  of  A.  dorsalis  have  been  seen  by  the  writer, 
but  the  species  is  included  on  the  authority  of  Dr.  George  Horn.  The  larvae 
feed  exclusively  in  cupressaceous  (sensu  lato)  wood,  and  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia are  often  injurious  to  ornamental  Cypress. 

Type  locality  :  "Vancouver's  Island"^ 

Recorded  distribution :  Pacific  Slope  of  North  America  from  British  Colum- 
bia southward ;  Lower  California  :  south  of  San  Diego^,  Guadalupe  Island^ 

Hosts :  Ctipressus,  Jimiperiis,  etc.'' " 

(7)  Styloxus  lucanus  LeConte 

Styloxus  lucanus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  240;  Hamilton,  1885, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  162;  Linsley,  1940,  Bull.  So.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  39:35. 

Styloxus  lucanus  was  described  from  the  male.  The  female  differs  in  having 
slightly  longer  elytra  (not,  however,  attaining  the  apex  of  the  abdomen),  and 
antennae  that  are  shorter  than  the  body  with  the  outer  segments  greatly  abbre- 
viated. The  fifth  abdominal  sternite  is  modified  as  in  Metliia,  and  the  apical 
cicatrix  of  the  antennal  scape  is  very  prominent  in  both  sexes.  In  the  series 
captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  the  size  varies  from  7  to  11  mm. 

Type  locality  :  "Cape  San  Lucas." 

New  records :  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29 ;  Comondu,  July  22 ; 
five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  six  miles 
north  of  Triunf  o,  July  15  ;  Triunf  o,  July  7,  13 ;  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo, 
July  13. 

A  fine  series  of  fifty-one  examples  was  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross, 
mostly  at  light  in  the  Cape  Region.  The  single  example  from  north  of  Punta 
Prieta  is  a  dwarfed  male. 

(8)  Methia  debilis  (Horn) 

(Plate  4,  figs.  1,2) 

Dysphaga  dehilis  Horn,  1895,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  5:  246;  Leng  and  Hamilton, 

1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  163. 
Methia  dehilis,  Linsley,  1940,  Bull.  So.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  39 :  31. 

This  delicate  little  species  was  placed  by  its  described  in  the  genus  Dysphaga 
LeConte  (=  Tessaropa  Haldeman)  but  its  characters  are  much  more  nearly 
those  of  Methia.  Only  the  female  was  known  to  Horn.  The  male  differs  mark- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  29 

edly  in  appearance,  and  is  more  robust  with  longer  antennae,  both  the  head 
and  thorax  piceous,  and  the  elytra  about  twice  as  long  as  broad.  In  the  female, 
th^  head  is  normally  dark  with  the  thorax  testaceous,  but  one  example  in  the 
series  at  hand  has  the  head  testaceous  except  for  the  black  eyes. 

Tijpe:^o.  73,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  ?. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

New  records :  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  5  miles  south  of  San 
Miguel,  July  20 ;  Venancio,  July  17 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  6  miles 
north  of  Triunfo,  July  15;  Triunfo,  July  13;  8  miles  northeast  of  Cape  San 
Lucas,  July  10. 

Eleven  specimens  (seven  male,  four  female)  of  this  species,  hitherto  known 
only  by  the  unique  type,  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  All  were  cap- 
tured at  light,  either  in  the  Cape  Region,  or  in  humid  areas  to  the  north  of 
the  Cape  Region. 

(9)MethiabrevisFall 

Methia  hrevis  Fall,  1929,  Can.  Ent.,  61 :  58^ ;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:59  (record) -. 

In  the  long  series  of  Methia  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  there  are  no 
specimens  which  appear  to  be  referable  to  31.  hrevis  Fall.  However,  a  single 
specimen  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  from  Angeles  Bay  seems  to 
represent  this  species.  It  was  compared  with  the  type  some  years  ago  by  Dr. 
H.  C.  Fall  and  the  writer  and  determined  as  hrevis  but  it  is  not  quite  identical 
with  a  small  series  of  specimens  from  San  Diego  County,  California,  which  I 
haA^e  considered  typical  of  the  Fall  species. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego  County,  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  California  :  San  Diego  County ;  Lower  California  : 
Angeles  Bayl 

(10)  Methia  picta  Linsley,  new  species 
Plate  4,  fig.  4 

Male  :  Form  elongate,  slender ;  color  dark  brown ;  vestiture  short,  fine  pale. 
Head  a  little  wider  than  elytra  at  base ;  eyes  coarsely  granulated,  narrowly 
rounded  beneath  and  separated  by  less  than  diameter  of  third  antennal  seg- 
ment, nearly  touching  on  vertex,  dorsal  and  ventral  lobes  connected  posteriorly 
by  two  or  three  rows  of  facets ;  vertex  rugoso-punctate  between  eyes ;  neck 
coarsely,  closely  punctate,  inter-spaces  shining;  antennae  about  twice  as  long 
as  body,  scape  moderately  slender  with  a  feeble  apical  tooth,  second  segment 
short,  transverse,  third  segment  subequal  in  length  to  fourth.  FronoUim  a  little 
wider  than  long,  sides  rounded,  base  broadly  but  shallowly  constricted,  disk 
opaque,  anterior  margin  finely,  transversely  rugulose ;  surface  sparsely  clothed 
with  depressed  pale  hairs;  stridulatory  plate  of  metanotum  polished,  sub- 
parellel-sided,  without  a  median  ridge.  Elytra  about  three  and  one-half  times 
as  long  as  broad,  sides  straight ;  costae  feeble,  pale ;  surface  finely  scabrous, 
pale  testaceous  with  an  oblique  black  stripe  from  humeral  angle  to  suture 
at  basal  one-third  and  variable  amounts  of  black  along  margins  and  apices ; 

A 


30  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

pubescence  short,  sparse,  regular,  subrecumbent ;  apices  narrowly,  separately 
rounded.  Legs  slender,  clothed  with  moderately  long,  pale,  erect  hairs ;  pos- 
terior tibiae  feebly  sinuate ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  equal  to  the  f pl- 
lowing  two  together.  Abdomen  shining;  sternites  distinctly  puctured,  clothed 
with  moderately  long,  pale,  prostrate  hairs.  Length :  6-9  mm. 

Female  :  Form  more  slender ;  color  testaceous,  with  head  and  abdomen  more 
or  less  piceous ;  eyes  separated  ventrally  by  about  diameter  of  antennal  scape, 
above  by  nearly  width  of  third  antennal  segment ;  antennae  but  little  longer 
than  body;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  with  the  usual  modification  for  the  genus. 
Length :  6.5-7  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5237,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype  female 
(No.  5238),  and  one  paratype  male,  from  Triunfo,  July  13, 1938,  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Additional  paratypes  include  six  males  and  one 
female  from  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  four  males  from  20  miles  north- 
west of  La  Paz,  July  16,  and  six  males  and  one  female  from  8  miles  northeast 
of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10,  all  collected  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
Additional  material  (not  designated  paratypical)  tentatively  referred  to  this 
species  is  as  follows :  five  males,  10  miles  south  of  Cataviila,  July  29 ;  eight 
males,  20  miles  west  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  24 ;  two  males,  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  22 ;  and  one  male,  San  Domingo,  July  19. 

This  species  is  related  to  31.  arizonica  Schaeffer  and  M.  hrevis  Fall,  but 
differs  from  the  former  in  the  feeble  apical  tooth  of  the  antennal  scape,  larger 
size,  less  strongly  rounded  pronotum,  indistinct  elytral  costae,  and  more  elon- 
gate, differently  pigmented  elytra,  and  from  the  latter  by  the  wider  pronotum, 
distinctly  punctured  and  shining  neck,  elongate,  vittate  elytra  with  the  apices 
narrowly  rounded,  and  the  dentate  antennal  scape.  It  is  also  suggestive  of  31. 
lineata  Linsley  (Mexico),  but  may  be  readily  distinguished  by  the  rounded 
rather  than  angulate  pronotum,  feeble  pronotal  constriction,  pale  rather  than 
black  elytral  i)ubescience,  etc. 

(11)  Methia  separata  Linsley,  new  species 

Male :  Form  moderately  elongate,  robust ;  color  dark  brown,  elytra  with 
pale  vittae ;  vestiture  pale.  Head  about  as  wide  as  elytra  at  base ;  eyes  coarsely 
granulated,  broadly  rounded  beneath,  equally  separated  above  and  below  by 
about  the  diameter  of  antennal  scape  at  basal  one-third,  dorsal  and  ventral 
lobes  connected  posteriorly  by  three  rows  of  facets ;  vertex  between  the  eyes 
opaque,  rugosopunctate,  neck  dullish,  rough,  obscurely  punctured ;  antennae 
about  twice  as  long  as  body,  scape  moderately  robust,  apex  feebly,  obtusely 
dentate,  second  segment  short,  transverse,  third  and  fourth  segments  sub- 
equal  in  length.  Pronotum  a  little  wider  than  long,  shorter  than  head,  sides 
broadly  rounded,  base  and  apex  scarcely  constricted,  surface  opaque,  clothed 
with  long,  pale,  erect  and  suberect  hairs;  stridulatory  plate  of  metanotum 
smooth,  evenly  convex,  without  a  median  ridge.  Elytra  nearly  three  times  as 
long  as  broad,  dark  brown  with  a  pale  longitudinal  median  vitta,  evanescent 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  31 

at  base  and  broad  at  apex;  surface  evenly  clothed  with  short,  sparse,  sub- 
recumbent,  pale  hairs ;  apices  narrowly  rounded.  Legs  slender ;  femora  clothed 
with  long,  pale  hairs ;  posterior  tibiae  feebly  sinuate,  clothed  with  dominantly 
brownish  hairs ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  subequal  in  length  to  fol- 
lowing two  together.  Abdomen  shining;  sternites  sparsely  clothed  with  long, 
pale,  prostrate  hairs.  Length  :  6.5-7.5  mm. 

Female :  Form  more  slender ;  color  testaceous  with  head  and  abdomen  more 
or  less  piceous ;  ej^es  separated  ventrally  by  about  diameter  of  antennal  scape 
at  middle,  a  little  more  widely  separated  above;  antennae  but  little  longer 
than  body;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  with  the  usual  modifications  in  genus. 
Length :  7.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5239,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype  female 
(No.  5240),  and  two  male  paratypes,  from  San  Fernando,  July  13,  1938,  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

M.  separata  is  related  to  M.  picta  Linsley,  and  the  male  may  be  distinguished 
by  the  widely  separated  eyes,  sculpturing  of  neck,  longer  and  erect  pubescence 
of  the  pronotum,  and  the  different  elytral  pattern.  The  females  are  very  simi- 
lar but  in  separata  the  eyes  are  more  widely  separated  above  than  below. 

(12)  Methia  subarmata  Linsley,  new  species 

Male :  Form  short,  robust ;  color  dark  brown,  elytra  with  an  elongate-oval, 
post-median,  pale  testaceous  fascia.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  elytra  at  base ; 
eyes  broadly  rounded  beneath,  more  widely  separated  below  than  above,  sepa- 
rated centrally  by  about  diameter  of  antennal  scape,  dorsallj^  by  about  width 
of  third  antennal  segment,  dorsal  and  ventral  lobes  connected  posteriorly  by 
a  single  row  of  facets ;  vertex  opaque  and  scabrous  behind  eyes ;  neck  opaque, 
rough,  rugose ;  antennae  twice  as  long  as  body,  scape  moderately  robust  with 
a  conspicuous  apical  tooth,  second  segment  short,  transverse,  third  segment 
barely  longer  than  fourth,  clothed  with  long  cilia  along  inner  margin.  Prono- 
tum robust,  wider  than  long,  sides  obtusely  rounded,  widest  behind  middle, 
base  not  constricted ;  surface  sparsely  clothed  with  long,  depressed  or  suberect, 
pale  hairs ;  disk  opaque.  Elytra  more  than  three  times  as  long  as  pronotum, 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  basal  width,  surface  opaque,  scabrous,  uniformly, 
sparsely,  finely  clothed  with  short,  subrecumbent,  pale  hairs;  apices  slightly 
dehiscent,  outer  angle  rounded.  Legs  slender,  clothed  with  long,  pale  hairs  in- 
termixed with  shorter,  dark  brown  hairs  near  apices  of  tibiae ;  posterior  tibiae 
straight ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  equal  to  following  two  together. 
Abdomen  feebly  shining,  sternites  sparsely  clothed  with  fine,  pale  hairs. 
Length :  6.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5241,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  15  miles  north  of 
Punta  Prieta,  July  29, 1938,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  is  related  to  M.  brevis  Fall,  but  differs  at  once  in  the  very  strong 
apical  tooth  on  the  antennal  scape,  oval  elytral  pale  fascia,  indistinct  puncta- 
tion  of  the  neck,  more  finely  scabrous  elytra,  and  narrower  elytral  apices. 


32  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4th  Ser. 

(13)  Methia  pallidipennis  Linsley,  new  species 

Male :  Form  moderately  short,  robust ;  color  brown,  elytra  pale  testaceous 
with  short,  dark  vittae;  pubescence  pale.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  elytra  at 
base ;  eyes  broadly  rounded  beneath,  much  more  widely  separated  below  than 
above,  separated  beneath  by  more  than  the  greatest  diameter  of  the  antennal 
scape,  above  by  at  least  the  width  of  the  third  antennal  segment,  dorsal  and 
ventral  lobes  connected  by  a  double  row  of  facets ;  vertex  opaque  and  scabrous 
between  the  eyes ;  neck  polished,  irregularly  punctured;  antennae  about  twice 
as  long  as  body,  scape  armed  with  a  distinct  apical  tooth,  second  segment  very 
short,  transverse,  third  segment  barely  longer  than  fourth,  densely  clothed 
with  long  cilia  along  inner  margin.  Pronotum  robust,  broader  than  long,  sides 
swollen  at  middle,  base  and  apex  not  constricted;  surface  opaque,  rather 
densely  clothed  with  long,  erect,  pale  hairs.  Elytra  about  three  times  as  long 
as  pronotum,  nearly  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  basal  width,  pale  tes- 
taceous with  a  median,  longitudinal,  dark  vitta  on  each  side  extending  from 
just  anterior  to  middle  to  apical  one-fourth,  a  dark  sutural  stripe  at  base  and 
at  apex,  and  a  vague  band  along  apical  one-third  of  lateral  margin ;  pubescence 
short,  subrecumbent,  pale ;  apices  narrowly,  separately  rounded.  Legs  slender, 
clothed  with  long,  pale,  suberect  hairs;  posterior  tibiae  straight;  posterior 
tarsi  with  first  segment  a  little  longer  than  following  two  together.  Abdomen 
dull,  sternites  clothed  with  fine,  pale  hairs.  Length :  7  mm. 

Holotype  male  (No.  5242,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  taken  at  light  at 
San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

The  elytral  pattern,  if  constant,  should  enable  this  species  to  be  very  readily 
recognized.  It  is  perhaps  best  compared  with  M.  picta  Linsley  which  has  the 
eyes  more  widely  separated  below  than  above  and  the  neck  shining,  but  in 
picta  the  form  is  more  elongate  and  slender,  the  elytra  are  less  abbreviated,  the 
pronotum  is  rounded  at  the  sides,  and  the  posterior  tibiae  are  feebly  sinuate. 

(14)  Malacopterus  tenellus  (Fabricius) 

CalUdium  tenellum  Fabricius,  1801,  Syst.  Eleuth.,  2:  335^ 

Malacopterus  lineatus  Guerin,  1844,  Icon.  regn.  anim.,  Ins.,  p.  222;   Bates,  1879,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  15,  p.  3,  f.  17;  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  166 

(syn.)  ;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  4P. 
Malacopterus  mexicanus  Thomson,  1860,  Class.  Ceramb.,  p.  248;  Lacordaire,  1869,  Gen. 

Coleopt.,  8:  228,  nota. 
Ganimus  vittatus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264;  173^ 
Malacopterus  vittatus,  LeConte  and  Horn,  1883,  Smithson,  Misc.  Coll.,  XXII,  507:  284; 

Leng,  1884,  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7 :  115  ;  Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  I,  pi.  2,  f .  19. 

This  widespread  species  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. In  addition  to  the  two  examples  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  I  have 
seen  one  other  peninsular  specimen  from  the  San  Pedro  Martir  Mountains, 
Junes,  1923  (C.A.S.). 

Type  locality  :  "America  meridionali' 


;?n 


Vol.  XXIY]  LINSLEY :  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  33 

Recorded  distribution:  South  America;  Central  America;  Mexico;  Cali- 
fornia^ 

New  Records  :  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2 ;  San  Pedro  Martir  Mts.,  June  8, 

(C.A.S.). 
Hosts :  Salix~,  Fopulus' 
Both  specimens  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  were  attracted  to  light. 

(15)  Achryson  surinamum  (Linnaeus) 

Ceram'byx  surinamus  Linnaeus,  1767,  Syst.,  Nat.,  ed.  XII,  p.  632^ 

Achryson  siCrinamum,  White,  1855,  Cat.  Coleopt.  Brit.  Mus.,  8:  298;  Bates,  1870,  Trans. 
Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1870:  247;  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  265:  300;  Horn, 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)=^;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr., 
Bull.  27:  138  (biol.)'';  Linsley  and  Martin,  1933,  Ent.  Ncavs,  44:  180^ 

Achryson  Surinam,  Leng,  1885,  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7:  117. 

Stenocorus  circiimflexus  Fabricius,  1787,  Mant.  Ins.,  1:  144. 

Ceram'byx  circumflexus,  Olivier,  1797,  Entomologie,  IV,  173,  pi.  23,  f.  182. 

Achryson  circumflexum,  Serville,  1833,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  2 :  573. 

Ceramhyx  longicolle  DeGeer,  1775,  Mem.  Ins.,  5  :  117,  pi.  14,  f .  11. 

Stenocorus  pallens  Fabricius,  1792,  Ent.  Syst.,  1,  2,  p.  297. 

Ceram'byx  surinamensis  Oliver,  1795,  Entomologie,  IV,  54,  pi.  13,  f .  93. 

Achryson  surinamensis,  Chevrolat,  1862,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  (4)  2:  264;  Leng,  1885, 
Entom.  Amer.,  1,  pi.  2,  f .  25. 

All  of  the  Lower  California  examples  of  this  species  which  have  been  seen 
by  the  writer  are  of  the  type  with  the  head  and  prothorax  heavily  marked  with 
piceous  and  the  elytral  markings  conspicuous.  In  this  respect  thej^  differ  from 
the  form  which  is  common  in  the  Lower  Rio  Grande  Valley  of  Texas  and  agree 
with  material  at  hand  from  the  mountains  of  southern  Arizona  and  the  west 
coast  of  Mexico. 

Type  locality :  Surinam\ 

Recorded  distribution :  South  America  :  from  Argentina  northward ;  Cen- 
tral America ;  West  Indies ;  Atlantic  and  southern  LTnited  States  to  Arizona  ; 
Mexico ;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo". 

New  Records  :  San  Fernando,  July  31;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  June 
21 ;  Yenancio,  July  17  ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ;  Triunf  o,  July  13  ; 
5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  Jul}^  13 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  La  Paz, 
June  28  (Slevin). 

Hosts  :  Cercidiunf,  Prosopis"^,  Acacia^'  \  Pithecolohium\ 

(16)  Hamaticherus  mexicanus  Thomson 

Kamaticherus  mexicanus  Thomson,  1860,  Class.  Ceram.,  p.  195^. 

Hammaticherus  mexicanus,  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  302  (record)-; 

Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  241;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2) 

4:  337  ( record )^ 
Hammaticherus  castaneus  Bates,  1870,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1870:   250,  f  .n. ;  Bates, 

1872,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1872  :  171 ;  Bates,  1879,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5  :  16, 

pi.  3,  f .  2. 


34  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

This  tropical  species  was  first  reported  from  Lower  California  by  LeConte, 
later  by  Horn.  I  have  seen  no  specimens  from  this  region,  although  the  species 
is  not  rare  in  southern  Mexico. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution :  South  America  :  Brazil ;  Central  America;  Mexico; 
Lower  California^ ;  Cape  San  Lucasl 

(17)  Gnaphalodes  trachyderoides  Thomson 

Gnaphalodes  trachyderoides  Thomson,  1860,  Class.  Ceram.,  p.  236^;  IeConte,  1873,  Smith- 
son.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  203,  f.n.^j  Bates,  1879,  Biol.  Centr.  Amer.  Coleopt.,  5:  17: 
Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  28,  pi.  2,  f.  32;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4: 
337  (record)^;  Linsley  and  Martin,  1933,  Ent.  News,  44:  180  (record)*. 

Gnaphalodes  trachyderoides  var.  inermis  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr. -Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  243. 

This  species  was  recorded  from  Lower  California  by  Horn.  It  is  occasionally 
abundant  in  the  Lower  Rio  Grande  Valley  of  Texas  and  along  the  west  coast  of 
Mexico,  where  it  occurs  on  leguminose  trees. 

Type  locality :  Mexico'. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Central  America ;  Mexico ;  Texas'' ' ;  Lower  Califor- 
nia :  Cape  San  Lucas^. 

Host :  Acacia\ 

(18)  OsmidusguttatusLeConte 

(Plate  5,  fig.  9) 

Osmidus  guttatus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  246:  178^;  Leng,  1885,  Bull. 

Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7:  119;  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  I,  pi.  2,  f.  29;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)^;  Linsley,  1938,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  14:  106  (syn.). 
Osmidus  oiscurella  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11 :  255^ 
Osmidus  vestitus  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11 :  255^ 

The  series  of  specimens  brought  back  by  Ross  and  Michelbacher  exhibits 
a  great  range  of  variation  in  number  and  size  of  the  dark  elytral  punctures. 
One  male  example  has  less  than  a  dozen  such  punctures  on  each  elytron,  a 
female  about  seventy-five. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Arizona^';  Lower  California:  San  Jose  del  Cabo^; 
Cape  San  Lucas\ 

New  records :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Con- 
ception Bay,  June  29 ;  Venancio,  July  17 ;  Miraflores,  July  8 ;  15  miles  west  of 
La  Paz,  July  5. 

Fifteen  examples  were  taken  by  Ross  and  Michelbacher,  all  attracted  to 
light,  at  the  above  localities,  mostly  along  the  southern  half  of  the  east  coast 
of  the  peninsula. 

( 19 )  Eburia  nlkei  Bland 

Ehuria?  ulTcei  Bland,  1862,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1 :  270\ 

Ehuria  ulhei,  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  179;  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.- 

Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  244  (record)-;  Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  28;  Horn,  1895,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  337  (record)'';  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31: 

325  (record)*. 


Vol.  XXIY]  LIN S LET:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  35 

Ten  examples  of  this  peculiar  species  were  captured  at  light  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico  :  Ventanas^ ;  Lower  California :  Cape  San 
Lucas^,  Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunfo*. 

New  records :  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.)  ;  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia, 
July  25 ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23;  Agua  Caliente  (Slevin). 

Host :  Quercus  (Slevin). 

Mexican  examples  in  the  collection  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences 
are  from  Venedio,  Los  Mochis,  and  Mazatlan. 

(20)  Eburianigrovittata  Bates 

(Plate  5,  fig.  8) 

Eburia  nigrovittata  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:   246^;  Linsley,  1935, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  51:  73  (record)? 
Ehuria  conspersa  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  399^;  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans. 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  166.  (New  synonymy) . 

Eburia  conspersa  Horn  appears  to  be  identical  with  E.  nigrovittata  Bates. 
There  is,  however,  considerable  variation  in  the  species.  In  most  examples  the 
pronotum  is  feebly  tuberculate  at  the  sides  as  described  by  Bates  and  Horn, 
but  in  a  female  from  Tejupilco,  Mexico,  the  lateral  tubercles  are  strong.  The 
elytal  apices  are  rounded  externally  with  a  strong  sutural  spine  in  the  type 
of  conspersa  (No.  63,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  2)  and  in  most  of  the  other  speci- 
mens which  I  have  seen,  but  in  one  of  the  examples  captured  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross  they  are  emarginate  with  the  outer  angle  dentiform,  and  in  a  male 
from  Venedio,  Sinaloa  (C.A.S.)  they  are  simply  truncate.  The  latter  sex  differs 
from  the  female  by  having  very  long  antennae,  fully  twice  as  long  as  the  body, 
less  strongly  impressed  elytral  foveae,  and  an  emarginate  fifth  abdominal 
sternite. 

Type  locality  :  Tres  Marias  Islands\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico  :  Tres  Marias  Islands^  District  of  Temescal- 
tepec^ ;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

New  records :  Santiago,  July  8 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
Julv  9. 

The  Michelbacher  and  Ross  specimens  were  taken  at  light  and  were  found 
in  the  Cape  Region. 

(21)  Eustromula  validum  (LeConte) 

Elaphidion  validum  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1858:   82^;  LeConte, 

1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1861 :  335  (record) 2. 
Eustroma  validum,  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  186^;  Bates,  1884,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  248  (record)*;  Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  133,  pi.  3,  f.  6; 

Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept. 

Agr.,  Bull.  27:  69«. 
Eustromula  validum,  Cockerell,  1906,  Ent.  News,  17:  242;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent., 

10:  59  (record)';  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29:  463  (sjti.). 
Anoplium  huacliucae  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  245^ 


36  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

This  species  was  taken  at  light  at  nearly  every  camp  made  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross  where  the  evening  temperatures  were  high  enough  for  flight  of  in- 
sects. However,  not  more  than  four  specimens  were  captured  in  any  one  night 
although  as  a  usual  practice  the  light  collecting  extended  over  several  hours. 

Type  locality :  Texas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas^,  Arizona^'  ^, 
southern  California^ ;  Mexico :  Presidio* ;  Gulf  of  California :  Monserrate 
Island" ;  Lower  California^ :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

New  Records  :  San  Fernando,  July  31 ;  10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29; 
San  Miguel,  July  3 ;  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20 ;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  2 ;  Comonclu,  July  22 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19  ;  15  miles  north 
of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Venancio,  July  17;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July 
16 ;  Trunfo,  July  7 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  3  miles  north  of  San 
Pedro,  July  6;  San  Pedro  (C.A.S.)  :  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13; 
Santiago,  July  8 ;  Miraflores,  July  10. 

Hosts :  Frosopis^,  Parkinsonian. 

(22)  Aneflus  protensus  (LeConte) 

Elaphidion  protensum  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1858:  82\ 

Aneflus  protensus,  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  185- ;  Leng,  1885,  Entom. 

Amer.,  1:  34,  pi.  3,  f.  5;  Horn,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  131;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^;  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29:  470*. 
Aneflus  cocMsensis  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Colept.,  3 :  296^ 

This  species  was  recorded  from  Lower  California  by  Horn  but  specimens 
from  the  region  have  not  been  seen  by  the  writer.  In  Arizona  and  Texas  it  is 
often  attracted  to  light  in  large  numbers. 

Type  locality :  Sonora\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas*,  Arizona'"  ^, 
southern  California* ;  Mexico :  Sonora^ ;  Lower  California :  El  Chinche^ 

Host :  Prosopis. 

(23)  Aneflus  prolixus  LeConte 

Aneflus  prolixus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XL,  264:  203^;  Leng,  1885,  Entom. 
Amer.,  1:  34;  Horn,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  131;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2)  4:  338  (record)-;  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29:  470^ 

Aneflus  fisheri  Knull,  1934,  Ohio  Jour.  Sci.,  34 :  335\ 

This  species  may  be  readily  distinguished  from  the  preceding  by  the  shorter 
antennae,  which  do  not  attain  the  apex  of  the  body  in  either  sex,  the  small 
antennal  spines,  the  bituberculate  disk  of  the  pronotum,  and  the  small,  round, 
denuded  spots  on  the  elytra. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas^,  New  Mexico^ 
Arizona'^ ;  Lower  California  :  Cape  San  Lucas^ 

New  records :  6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15 ;  Triunfo,  July  7  and  13 ; 
20  miles  north  of  La  Paz,  July  16, 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  37 

Nine  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  all  captured  at  light 
in  the  Cape  Region. 

(24)  Aneflus  calvatus  Horn 

Aneflns  calvatus  Horn,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  132^;  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am., 
29:  47P. 

This  species  may  be  readily  known  by  the  robust  form,  dark  brownish  color, 
broad  pronotum,  feeble  elytral  spines,  and  the  very  sparse,  inconspicuous 
pubescence. 

Type  locality :  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona^' ",  southern  Calif ornia^ 

New  records :  Mesquital,  July  28 ;  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27 ; 
15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26. 

Five  examples  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  agreeing  perfectly 
with  typical  specimens  from  Arizona  and  southern  California.  This  is  the  first 
Lower  California  record  for  the  species. 

(25)  Aneflomorpha  imbellis  Casey 

Aneflomorpha  imiellis  Casey,  1914,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  5:  363^;  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc. 
Am.,  29:  474-. 

This  species  may  be  readily  recognized  by  the  form  and  sculpture  of  the 
pronotum,  unarmed  antennae,  and  unispinose  elytral  apices  wdth  the  outer 
angle  evenly  rounded.  It  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego,  California". 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  California  :  San  Diego  Co.\  Orange  Co.' ; 
Arizona". 

New  records :  20  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3 ;  Hamilton  Ranch, 
August  2 ;  Comondu,  July  22. 

Three  specimens  w^ere  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  attracted  to  light  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  Peninsula. 

(26)  Aneflomorpha  australis  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  5,  fig.  7) 

Male :  Form  elongate,  subcylindrical ;  color  piceous,  vestiture  short,  fine, 
pale,  recumbent.  Head  nearlj^  as  wide  as  elytra  at  base ;  frons  and  vertex  ir- 
regularly, confiuently  punctured,  neck  more  coarsely,  distinctly  punctured, 
the  punctures  adjacent  but  not  confluent,  interspaces  shining;  antennae  about 
one  and  one-fourth  times  as  long  as  body,  segments  three  to  five  carinate,  three 
to  seven  very  sparsely  ciliate  on  inner  side,  three  to  eight  spinose  at  apex,  spine 
of  third  segment  moderate,  those  of  following  segments  gradually  diminishing 
in  size,  scape  robust,  sparsely  pubescent,  coarsel}^,  closely  punctured,  the 
punctures  separated  by  less  than  the  diameter  of  a  single  puncture,  second 
segment  longer  than  broad,  sparsely  pubescent,  segments  three  to  eleven  very 


I  fc. 


38  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

minutely  punctured,  densely  clothed  with  very  short,  fine,  obscure,  recumbent 
pubescence,  third  segment  about  five  times  as  long  as  second,  fourth  segment 
about  four-fifths  as  long  as  third,  fifth  segment  barely  longer  than  fourth, 
segments  five  to  ten  subequal,  the  eleventh  segment  nearly  one  and  one-half 
times  as  long  as  the  tenth.  Pronotum  barely  wider  than  long,  sides  broadly 
rounded,  base  broadly  constricted,  apex  narrowly  so ;  surface  dull,  coarsely, 
closely,  rugosely  punctured,  clothed  with  short,  fine,  obscure,  pale,  recumbent 
pubescence,  disk  with  a  short,  polished,  median  vitta;  prosternum  broadly, 
transversely  depressed  at  middle,  anterior  margin  polished,  transversely 
wrinkled,  clothed  with  a  few,  erect,  scattered,  pale  hairs,  remaining  surface 
dullish,  punctation  and  pubescence  similar  to  that  of  pronotum;  metasternum 
dull,  very  finely,  closely  punctured,  clothed  with  fine,  short,  pale,  recumbent 
pubescence;  metepisterna  linear,  sides  subparallel;  scutellum  triangular, 
finely  punctured  and  pubescent.  Elytra  about  three  times  as  long  as  basal 
breadth ;  surface  moderately  coarsely  punctured  at  base  where  the  punctures 
are  from  less  than  one  to  one  puncture  width  apart,  becoming  gradually  finer 
posteriorly,  disappearing  about  middle,  interspaces  and  remaining  surface 
feebly  shining,  micropunctate ;  apices  bispinose.  Legs  slender ;  femora  closely 
punctured,  the  punctures  fine  basally,  becoming  coarse  and  more  or  less  con- 
fluent apically ;  surface  clothed  with  fine,  short,  pale,  recumbent  hairs,  with 
scattered,  longer,  suberect,  fine  hairs  intermixed ;  intermediate  and  posterior 
tibiae  carinate;  posterior  tarsi  narrow,  first  segment  a  little  longer  than  the 
following  tW'O  together.  Abdomen  dullish,  sternites  finely,  closely  punctured, 
clothed  with  fine,  short  pale,  recumbent  hairs;  first  sternite  elongate,  inter- 
coxal  process  triangular,  fifth  sternite  emarginate  at  apex.  Length :  15  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5243,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  six  miles  north 
of  Triunfo,  July  15, 1938,  collected  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  very  distinct  species  is  suggestive  of  A.  duncani  Linsley  and  A.  lengi 
(Schaeffer),  with  both  of  which  it  agrees  in  the  dark  integument.  From  the 
former  it  differs  in  the  feebly  ciliate  antennae  with  segments  three  to  seven 
spinose  at  apex,  and  the  finely  punctured  abdominal  sternites  which  are 
clothed  wdth  fine,  recumbent,  white  hairs.  It  may  be  distinguished  from  A. 
lengi  by  the  short  pronotum  w-hich  is  a  little  wider  than  long,  with  the  sides 
rounded  and  no  trace  of  smooth  spaces  on  each  side  of  disk,  the  fine  punctured 
metasternum,  finely,  densely  punctured  abdominal  sternites,  and  the  strongly 
bispinose  elytral  apices. 

(27)  Aneflomorpha  rosaliae  Linsley,  new  species 

Female  :  Form  elongate,  subcylindrical ;  color  brown ;  vestiture  moderately 
sparse,  coarse,  recumbent,  white ;  integument  coarsely  punctured.  Head  nar- 
rower than  pronotum  at  middle,  very  coarsely,  closely  punctured ;  antennae 
attaining  apical  one-fifth  of  elytra,  segments  three  to  six  spinose  at  apex, 
feebly  carinate,  ciliate  along  inner  margin,  spine  on  third  segment  robust, 
acute,  nearly  one-half  as  long  as  fourth  segment,  spine  on  fourth  segment  a 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  39 

little  more  than  one-fourth  as  long  as  fifth  segment,  fourth  segment  subequal 
in  length  to  fifth,  a  little  shorter  than  third  segment.  Pronotum  slightly  longer 
than  broad,  sides  convex,  scarcely  constricted  at  base  or  apex,  apex  a  little 
wider  than  base ;  surface  very  coarsely,  confluently  punctured,  punctures  with 
posterior  margins  usually  entire,  posterior  disk  with  a  median,  longitudinal, 
polished,  impunctate  line ;  prosternum  coarsely  punctured,  sparsely  clothed 
with  depressed  white  hairs;  metasternum  moderately  coarsely,  shallow^ly 
punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  depressed  white  hairs;  metepisterna  more 
finely  punctured  than  mesosternum,  more  densely  clothed  with  prostrate  hairs. 
Elytra  more  than  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  surface  coarsely,  distinctly 
punctured,  interspaces  shining,  punctures  becoming  a  little  more  shallow,  less 
close,  apically ;  vestiture  regular,  depressed,  white ;  apices  feebly  emarginate, 
the  angles  scarcel}^  dentiform.  Legs  slender,  clothed  with  suberect,  white 
hairs;  femora  modeiately  closely  but  shallowly  punctured;  posterior  tarsi 
with  first  segment  shorter  than  following  two  together.  Abdomen  shining, 
punctures  moderately  large  but  shallow,  indistinct;  fifth  sternite  broadly 
rotundate-truncate  at  apex.  Length :  15  mm. 

Holohjpe,  female  (No.  5244,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  from  twenty-five 
miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938,  collected  at  light  by  E.  S.  Ross 
and  A.  E.  Michelbacher. 

This  species  has  the  aspect  of  Anefiomorpha  and  agrees  with  that  genus  in 
the  type  of  pubescence  and  basally  carinate  antennae.  The  spine  on  the  third 
antennal  segment,  however,  is  unusually  long  and  closely  approximates  that 
of  Anepsyra.  Apparently  it  is  related  to  Aneflomorpha  texana  Linsley  and 
A.  seminiida  Casey,  but  in  addition  to  the  longer  antennal  spines  on  segments 
three  to  five,  A.  rosaliae  differs  in  having  a  short  spine  on  the  sixth  segment, 
carinae  on  segments  three  to  six  inclusive,  and  a  more  coarsely  punctured 
abdomen. 

(28)  Anepsyravolitans  (LeConte) 

Aneflus  voUtans  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  186^;  Leng,  1885,  Entom. 

Amer.,  1 :  34 ;  HoRX,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1 :  131 ;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2) 

4:  338  (record)-. 
Anepsyra  volitans,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3  :  293. 

The  series  of  seventy-three  examples  of  this  species  captured  by  Michel- 
bacher and  Ross  (with  the  exception  of  seven  examples  from  San  Domingo 
which  are  dark  brown)  is  uniformly  reddish  brown  in  color  and  ranges  in  size 
from  8  to  11  mm.  The  spine  on  the  third  antennal  segment  varies  in  length 
from  tW'O-thirds  as  long  as  to  subequal  to  the  fourth  segment  and  the  elytral 
apices  may  be  feebly  or  distinctly  emarginate  but  are  never  spinose.  Possibly 
more  than  one  species  is  included  in  the  series. 

Tj^pe  locality  :  "Cape  San  Lucas"^ 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas',  San  Jose  del 
Cabo". 


40 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 


New  records :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Con- 
cepcion  Bay,  July  9;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23;  5  miles  south  of 
San  Miguel/july  20 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July 
15 ;  Triunfo,  July  7,  July  13 ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10. 

(29)  Anepsyra  ^andicoUe  Linsley,  new  species 
Female :  Form  elongate ;  color  brown ;  vestiture  long,  pale,  suberect ;  in- 
tegument coarsely  punctured  with  interspaces  shining.  Head  narrower  than 
pronotum  at  middle;  vertex  and  neck  moderately  coarsely  but  irregularly 
punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  erect,  pale  hairs ;  antennae  short,  scarcely 
surpassing  middle  of  elytra,  segments  not  evidently  carinate,  segments  one 
to  three  denselv  ciliate,  segments  four  to  eight  densely,  nine  to  eleven  sparsely, 
ciliate  along  inner  margin,  third  segment  about  one-fifth  longer  than  fourth, 
spine  very  stout,  blunt,  about  as  long  as  fourth  segment,  fourth  segment  a 
little  shorter  than  fifth,  spine  nearly  one-half  as  long  as  fifth  segment,  spnie 
on  fifth  segment  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  that  of  fourth  segment.  Fronoium 
but  little  longer  than  broad,  sides  broadly  rounded,  base  and  apex  constricted, 
disk  very  coarsely,  slosely  punctured  except  for  an  irregular,  median  longi- 
tudinal, polished  line,  pubescence  long,  coarse,  erect,  white ;  prosternum  less 
coarsely,  less  regularly  punctured  than  pronotum,  anterior  margin  trans- 
versely rugose ;  metasternum  moderately  coarsely,  shallowly  punctured  at 
middle,  more  finely  at  sides  ;  metepisterna  more  finely,  less  conspicuously  punc- 
tured than  metasternum.  Elytra  about  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  surface 
coarsely  punctured,  clothed  with  erect  and  suberect  pale  hairs,  basal  punc- 
tures close,  a  little  less  coarse  than  those  of  pronotum,  becoming  finer,  sparser 
apically;  apices  feebly  emarginate,  sutural  angle  feebly  dentiform.  Legs 
slender,  clothed  with  long,  pale,  suberect  hairs ;  femora  moderately  coarsely, 
closely  punctured;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  shorter  than  following 
two  together.  AMomen  shining,  shallowly,  sparsely,  indistinctly  punctured, 
clothed  with  long,  suberect  or  depressed  hairs ;  fifth  sternite  broadly  truncate 

at  apex.  Length  :  11.5  mm. 

Holotype,  female  (No.  5245,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.) ,  and  one  paratype 
female  (collection  of  writer),  from  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25, 
1938,  captured  at  light  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

This  species  is  related  to  Anepsyra  voUtans  LeConte,  but  differs  in  the  larger 
size,  more  robust  pronotum  which  is  scarcely  longer  than  wide,  short  antennae 
(female)  which  barely  surpass  the  middle  of  the  elytra,  more  abundant  pubes- 
cence, and  the  stronger  spine  on  the  fifth  antennal  segment  (two-thirds  as 
long  as  that  of  fourth  segment ) . 

(30)  Anelaphus  brevidens  (Schaeffer) 

Elaphidion  hrevidens  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  333\ 

Specimens  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  exhibit  some  variation  in 
the  density  of  the  yellowish  pubescence.  In  the  more  sparsely  pubescent  indi- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  41 

viduals  the  integument  shows  and  the  insect  has  a  much  darker  appearance. 
The  species  was  taken  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  at  three  localities  on 
the  Magdalena  Plain.  Schaeffer  has  recorded  it  from  the  Cape  Region. 

Type  locality  :  Huachuca  Mts.,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Southern  Arizona ;  Lower  California  :  Santa  Rosa\ 
El  Taste\ 

New  records  :  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19  ; 
15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4. 

(31)  Anelaphus  punctatus  (LeConte) 

Elaphidion  piinctatiun  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  185^;  Leng,  1885, 

Entom.  Amer.,  1:  32;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^ 
AnopUum  punciatum,  Leng,  1920,  Catal.  Coleopt.  N.  Am.,  p.  269. 

The  pubescence  in  this  species  is  intermixed  with  a  few  flying  hairs,  the 
elytral  apices  are  rounded,  and  the  legs  are  very  obscurely  punctured.  The 
outer  antennal  segments  in  both  sexes  are  flattened,  but  narrow  in  the  male, 
slightly  expanded  in  the  female.  The  pronotal  punctation  is  coarse  with  the 
punctures  more  or  less  contiguous  except  for  a  smooth  median  vitta. 

Type  locality :  "Cape  San  Lucas"\ 

New  records :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  2 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15; 
Santiago,  July  8  ;  and  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10. 

Eight  examples  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  All  were  captured  at 

light. 

(32)  Anelaphus  subdepressus  (Schaeffer) 

Elaphidion  suhdepressum  Schaeffer,  1904,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soe.  12:  222^. 

The  outer  antennal  segments  in  this  and  the  following  species  are  often  flat- 
tened and  produced  externally,  convex  above,  suggesting  Aneflus.  The  sexual 
differences  in  the  punctation  of  the  prosternum  are  similar  to  those  observable 
in  many  species  of  Stenosphenus.  In  the  series  of  ten  specimens  taken  at  vari- 
ous localities  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  the  pubescent  fasciae  of  the  elytra 
show  some  variation.  In  one  example  the  mid-elytral  fascia  is  reduced  to  a 
thread-like  wavy  line,  in  others  the  subapical  spots  are  lacking.  The  pronotum 
does  not  have  a  polished  median  elevation  in  either  sex  and  thus  the  species 
is  not  quite  typical  of  Anelaphus.  The  alveolate  type  of  pronotal  sculpture  is 
suggestive  of  AnopUomorpha,  but  the  type  of  pubescence  excludes  it  from  that 
genus.  The  species  is  one  of  a  group  of  several  occurring  in  Mexico  and  Central 
America  whose  generic  status  remains  to  be  clarified.  At  the  present  time  they 
appear  in  the  catalogues  under  Elaphidion,  Hypermallus,  etc. 

Type  locality  :  San  Felipe,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

New  records :  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26 ;  San  Domingo,  July 
19  ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Venancio,  July  17  ;  20  miles  north- 
west of  La  Paz,  July  16;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  10  miles  southwest 
of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9. 


42  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

All  of  the  above  specimens  were  taken  at  light,  mainly  in  the  central  and 
southern  portion  of  the  peninsula. 

(33)  Anelaphus  submoestus  Linsley,  new  species 

Male  :  Form  robust ;  color  piceous ;  integument  shining,  coarsely  punctured ; 
pubescence  sparse,  coarse,  pale.  Head  narrower  than  pronotum  at  middle ; 
vertex  and  neck  coarsely,  subcontiguously,  somewhat  irregularly  punctured, 
subglabrous ;  antennae  a  little  longer  than  the  body,  segments  three  to  seven 
spinose  at  apex,  spine  on  third  segment  at  most  only  one-third  as  long  as 
fourth  segment,  those  of  following  segments  gradually  diminishing  in  length, 
scape  moderately  robust,  coarsely  punctured,  third  segment  scarcely  more 
than  three  times  as  long  as  second,  fourth  segment  a  little  shorter  than  third, 
fifth  segment  distinctly  longer  than  third,  remaining  segments  decreasing 
gradually  in  length  to  apex.  Pronotum  nearly  one  and  one-fifth  times  as  broad 
as  long,  sides  broadly  rounded,  base  and  apex  not  noticeably  constricted ;  sur- 
face very  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  contiguous  and  subeontiguous 
with  a  vague,  median,  longitudinal,  impunctate  line  on  posterior  disk ;  vesti- 
ture  sparse,  coarse,  suberect;  prosternum  coarsely,  contiguously  punctured, 
sparsely  pubescent ;  metasternum  and  metepisterna  coarsely,  shallowly  punc- 
tured, sparsely  clothed  with  suberect  pale  hairs.  Legs  moderately  robust, 
coarsely,  closely  punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  suberect  pale  hairs.  Elytra 
coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  separated  by  one  or  two  puncture  diameters 
in  basal  area,  becoming  smaller,  sparser  apically;  surface  sparsely  clothed 
with  suberect  pale  hairs ;  apices  subtruncate.  Abdomen  sparsely,  irregularly 
punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  suberect  pale  hairs;  fifth  sternite  broadly 
rounded  at  apex.  Length  :  9.5- 11  mm. 

Female  :  Antennae  not  attaining  apices  of  elytra.  Length  :  13  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5246,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  25  miles  south 
of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25, 1938,  allotype,  female  (No.  5247,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.)  from  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23, 1938,  and  two  male  para- 
types,  one  from  the  type  locality,  the  other  from  15  miles  north  of  Punta 
Prieta,  July  29,  1938.  All  four  specimens  were  captured  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross  at  light.  One  paratype  will  be  retained  in  the  collection  of  the  writer,  the 
other  returned  to  the  collectors. 

Anelaphus  submoestus  runs  near  A.  moestus  (LeConte),  but  may  be  dis- 
tinguished at  once  by  having  the  fifth  segment  of  the  antennae  longer  than  the 
third,  very  much  coarser  punctation  on  the  head,  pronotum,  and  legs,  more 
sparsely  pubescent  elytra  and  legs,  etc. 

(34)  Anelaphus  michelbacheri  Linsley,  new  species 

Female  :  Form  elongate,  subcylindrical ;  color  piceous ;  integument  coarsely 
punctured,  interspaces  shining;  vestiture  coarse;  suberect  or  depressed, 
pale.  Head  narrower  than  pronotum  at  middle;  vertex  between  eyes  A^ery 
coarsely,  subcontiguously  punctured,  neck  less  coarsely  but  contiguously 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  43 

punctured;  antennae  attaining  apical  one-fourth  of  elytra,  segments  three 
to  five  armed  with  a  short  spine  at  apex,  scape  coarsely  punctured,  third  seg- 
ment a  little  more  than  three  times  as  long  as  second,  fourth  segment  slightly 
longer  than  third,  fifth  segment  distinctly  longer  than  either  third  or  fourth. 
Pronotum  slightly  wider  than  long,  sides  obtusely  rounded,  base  shallowly, 
apex  narrowly  but  distinctly,  constricted;  surface  coarsely,  contiguously  punc- 
tured, sparsely  clothed  with  depressed  pale  hairs  interspersed  with  a  few 
longer,  erect,  scattered  setae;  scutellum  broader  than  long,  densely  clothed 
with  white  pubescence ;  prosternum  punctured  more  coarsely  and  less  closely 
and  regularly  than  pronotum ;  metasternum  moderately  coarsely,  closely  punc- 
tured. Legs  slender,  clothed  with  short,  depressed,  pale  hairs ;  femora  moder- 
ately coarsely,  closely  punctured.  Elytra  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  broad ; 
surface  coarsely,  closely,  subcontiguously  punctured,  uniformly  sparsely 
clothed  with  coarse,  depressed,  pale  hairs;  apices  rounded.  Abdomeyi  dull, 
shallowly  and  indistinctly  punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  depressed  pale 
hairs  which  are  finer  and  shorter  than  those  of  elytra;  fifth  sternite  broadly 
rounded  at  apex.  Length :  10.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5248,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Comondu, 
July  22, 1938,  taken  at  light  by  ]\Iichelbacher  and  Ross. 

A.  michelhacheri  differs  from  A.  suhmoesUis  Linsley  in  the  very  coarsely, 
contiguously  and  subcontiguously  punctured  elytra,  more  elongate  form, 
shorter,  denser  pubescence,  broad,  densely  pubescent  scutellum,  and  by  hav- 
ing only  the  third  to  fifth  antennal  segments  armed  with  spines  at  their  apices. 

(35)  Anoplium  insoletum  Linsley,  new  species 

Male :  Form  robust ;  color  brown ;  pubescence  short,  fine,  depressed,  inter- 
mixed with  longer,  coarse,  suberect,  pale  hairs.  Head  narrower  than  pronotum ; 
vertex  dull,  scabrous;  antennae  robust,  surpassing  apex  of  elytra,  segments 
unarmed  at  apices,  scape  stout,  coarsely  but  shallow^ly  puctured,  third  seg- 
ment more  than  three  times  as  long  as  second,  distinctly  longer  than  fourth, 
fifth  segment  a  little  longer  than  third,  remaining  segments  subequal  in  length 
but  less  robust  than  preceding.  Pronotum  a  little  broader  than  long,  base  and 
apex  not  constricted,  sides  obtusely  angulated  just  posterior  to  middle ;  sur- 
face micropunctate  with  larger,  shallow  punctures  superimposed ;  pubescence 
fine,  moderately  dense,  partially  obscuring  surface,  sparsely  interspersed 
with  longer,  suberect,  pale  hairs ;  scutellum  a  little  wider  than  long,  obtusely 
rounded  posteriorly,  clothed  with  pale  hairs ;  metasternum  minutely  tessellate, 
not  distinctly  punctured ;  metepisterna  very  sparsely,  inconspicuously  punc- 
tured. Legs  very  finely  punctate  with  scattered  coarser,  shallow  punctures 
superimposed;  femora  robust,  clothed  with  short,  fine,  pale  pubescence  in 
addition  to  longer,  sparse,  suberect,  pale  hairs ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  seg- 
ment longer  than  following  two  together.  Elytra  rough  but  shining,  surface 
very  finelj^  punctured  with  scattered,  irregularly  placed,  large,  shallow  punc- 
tures superimposed ;  pubescence  fine,  short,  depressed,  pale,  with  longer,  sub- 


44  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

erect,  hairs  interspersed.  Abdomen  dullish,  finely,  densely  punctured  with 
scattered  large  punctures  superimposed;  surface  irregularly  clothed  with 
fine,  pale,  depressed  pubescence  with  longer  suberect  hairs  intermixed;  fifth 
sternite  broadly  rounded  at  apex.  Length  :  11  mm. 

HoJotype,  male  (No.  5249,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  from  Comondu, 
July  22, 1938,  taken  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  interesting  species  is  temporarily  placed  in  Anoplium  although  it  is 
probably  not  congeneric  with  the  type  species  of  that  genus.  It  is  apparently 
related  to  A.  duncani  Knull,  but  differs  from  (the  description  of)  that  species 
in  the  shape  and  sculpturing  of  the  pronotum  which  is  a  little  wider  than  long, 
in  the  absence  of  tubercles  from  the  basal  punctures  of  the  elytra,  by  having 
the  pubescence  all  pale,  etc.  In  many  respects  the  species  is  suggestive  of  the 
Hesperophanini. 

(36)  Anopliomorpha  rinconia  (Casey) 

Anoplium  rinconium  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11 :  248\ 

Anopliomorpha  rinconium,  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29 :  466,  pi.  1,  f .  3. 

Elaphidion  reticolle,  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus,  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  334^ 

This  is  the  species  which  has  generally  been  identified  as  Perihoeum  reticolle 
Bates,  but  it  differs  from  the  latter  in  the  more  slender  form,  narrower  pro- 
notum, coarser  pronotal  sculpture,  longer,  coarser  erect  hairs  of  the  pronotum 
and  elytra,  and  the  feeble  spine  of  the  fifth  antennal  segment. 

Type  locality  :  Rincon  Mts.,  Arizona'. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona^' " ;  Lower  Calif  ornia^ 

New  records :  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  San  Domingo,  July  19  ; 
6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15 ;  Triunfo,  July  13 ;  Santiago,  July  8 ;  Mira- 
flores,  July  8 ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10. 

Twenty-nine  examples  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  mostly  at 
light,  and  primarily  in  the  Cape  Region.  In  addition  to  material  from  Lower 
California  and  Arizona  I  have  seen  a  number  of  specimens  from  various  locali- 
ties in  Sinaloa  and  Sonora.. 

(37)  StenosphenusnovatusHorn 

Stenosphenus  novatus  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  178^;  Leng,  1887,  Entom. 
Amer.,  2:  193;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)-;  Schaeft^er, 
1911,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  19:  125;  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31: 
326  (record)^;  Linsley,  1934;  Pan-Pac  Ent.,  10:  60  (record)*. 

Stenosphenus  lucanus  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  346^,  n.  syn. 

The  original  description  of  S.  lucanus  Casey  fits  the  present  species  so 
closely  that  I  feel  confident  it  is  identical.  Apparently  Casey  was  unfamiliar 
with  or  overlooked  novatus,  for  he  compared  his  species  only  with  dolosus 
Horn,  to  which  it  bears  only  a  superficial  resemblance. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas". 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California^ :  Cape  San  Lucas\  San  Jose  del 
Cabo",  Miraflores*,  Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunf  o^ 


Vol.  XXIV]  LIXSLEY :  CEEAM:^'^CIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  45 

This  species  was  not  taken  by  Ross  and  Michelbacher.  Lower  California  ma- 
terial at  hand  is  from  the  following  localities:  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  C.A.S.), 
San  Pedro,  (C.A.S.),  Miraflores  (C.A.S.),  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.). 
In  this  series  the  legs  vary  from  red  to  reddish-piceous. 

(38)  Stenosphenus  basicornis  Linsley 

Stenosphenus  Itasicornis  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  60\ 

This  attractive  little  species  is  bright  reddish,  with  the  elytra  and  abdomen 
black.  It  is  related  to  S.  lepidus  Horn,  from  Arizona,  but  differs  in  its  smaller 
size,  short  antennae  which  do  not  attain  the  apex  of  the  body  in  the*male,  and 
in  the  form  of  the  pronotum  which  is  as  long  as  broad. 

Type  locality  :  Tibiiron  Island,  Gulf  of  Calif  ornia\ 

Host :  Prosopis". 

(39)  Stenosphenus  sp. 

One  example  of  what  appears  to  be  an  undescribed  species  near  8.  dehilis 
Horn  w^as  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  at  Hamilton  Rranch,  August  2, 
1938,  on  Asdepias  siihulata.  Unfortunately  the  head  has  been  damaged  and  it 
would  be  highly  undesirable  to  describe  it  from  the  single  mutilated  specimen. 

(40)  Stenosphenus  rossi  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  1,  fig.  8) 

Male  :  Form  elongate,  slender,  slightly  flattened ;  color  black,  shining;  vesti- 
ture  sparse,  suberect,  white.  Head  coarsely,  closely,  and  somewhat  confluently 
punctured  on  vertex,  very  coarsely  and  irregularly  on  f  rons ;  antennal  tuber- 
cles polished,  shining,  scarcely  punctate ;  antennae  subequal  in  length  to  the 
body,  segments  three  to  eight  spinose  at  apex,  the  spines  gradually  decreas- 
ing in  length,  scape  elongate,  slender,  subconical,  very  coarsely  punctured, 
sparsely  clothed  with  suberect  pale  hairs,  second  segment  slightly  longer  than 
broad,  segments  three  to  eleven  clothed  with  fine,  white  pubescence  intermixed 
with  longer,  suberect,  pale  hairs,  surface  less  coarsely  and  more  regularly 
punctured  than  scape,  third  segment  less  than  one  and  one-half  times  as  long 
as  scape,  fourth  segment  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  third ;  segments  four  to 
ten  gradually  diminishing  in  length,  eleventh  segment  longer  than  tenth. 
Pronotum  distinctly  narrower  than  elytra  at  base,  about  as  long  as  broad,  sides 
rounded,  apex  narrower  than  base ;  color  black,  rarely  ruf o-piceous ;  surface 
polished,  almost  impunctate,  glabrous  except  for  a  few  erect  setae  at  sides ; 
prosternal  impressions  broad,  subquadrate,  contiguous,  not  separated  by  an 
impunctate  median  elevation,  surface  coarsely  punctured  and  rugose.  Elytra 
black,  coarsely  but  not  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  mostly  from  two  to 
four  puncture  widths  apart  and  with  a  moderately  long,  suberect  seta  arising 
from  each;  apices  emarginate,  the  angles  acute  or  subspiniform.  Legs  black, 
posterior  femora  reddish;  pubescence  sparse,  coarse,  suberect,  white;  pos- 
terior tarsi  wdth  first  segment  distinctlj^  longer  than  the  two  following  to- 
gether. Abdomen  black ;  sternites  polished,  subglabrous,  almost  impunctate ; 
fifth  sternite  truncate  or  feebly  emarginate  at  apex.  Length  :  7.5-8.5  mm. 


46  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Female :  Antennae  distinctly  shorter  than  the  body ;  pronotum  dark  red, 
rarely  piceous,  prosternal  impression  evident  but  less  strong  than  in  male, 
rugulose  but  not  coarsely  punctate ;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  broadly  rounded 
at  apex.  Length  :  7.5-8  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5250,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5251),  and  fourteen  paratypes,  eight  males  and  six  females,  beaten  from 
a  flowering  leguminose  shrub  at  San  Domingo,  July  19, 1938,  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross.  Four  paratypes  each  are  deposted  in  the  collections  of  Michelbacher 
and  Ross,  two  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  four  in  the  collection 
of  the  writer. 

In  size  and  form  this  species  most  closely  approaches  8.  dolosus  Horn,  but 
differs  in  the  short  antennae,  only  as  long  as  the  body  in  the  male,  distinctly 
shorter  in  the  female,  narrower  pronotum,  which  is  black  or  reddish  piceous 
in  color,  the  reddish  posterior  femora,  and  the  longer,  coarser,  elytral  setae. 
In  Horn's  key  (1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  178),  rossi  would  run  near 
novatus  Horn,  but  the  two  are  not  closely  related,  the  latter  differing  in  the 
distinctly  punctate  pronotum,  long  antennae,  closely  punctate  elytra  which 
are  clothed  with  much  shorter,  finer,  suberect  hairs,  and  the  oval,  separated, 
prosternal  impressions  of  the  male. 

(41)  CompsapuncticollisLeConte 

Compsa  puncticollis  LeConte,  1873,  Smitlison.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  188^;  Leng,  1885, 
Entom.  Amer.,  1 :  134,  pi.  3,  f.  9;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record) ^j 
Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1:  337^;  Linsley,  1935,  Trans. 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  41:  80  (record)*. 

Ihidion  asperulum  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5  :  266,  pi.  18,  f.  21^ 

Numerous  examples  of  this  distinctive  species  were  taken  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross,  mostly  at  light  in  the  southern  part  of  the  peninsula.  As  in  many 
other  twig  boring  species,  individuals  vary  greatly  in  length  (7-14  mm.) 
as  well  as  in  number  and  size  of  punctures.  This  variation  appears  to  be 
assignable  to  nutritional  differences. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Arizona^;  Mexico^:  Dist.  of  Temescaltepee*;  Lower 
California :  Cape  San  Lucas',  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

New  records :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  2 ;  Comondu,  July  22 ;  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20 
15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16 
5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13;  6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  16 
Triunfo,  July  13 ;  Santiago,  July  8 ;  8  miles  northeast  of  Cape  San  Lucas, 
July  10. 

Examples  of  this  species  in  the  collection  of  the  California  Academy  of 
Sciences  are  from  the  following  localities :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del 
Cabo ;  Mexico  :  Venedio,  Los  Mochis,  and  Mazatlan. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  47 

(42)  Compsa  quadriplagiata  LeConte 

Compsa  quadriplagiata  LeCoxte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  189^;  Lexg,  1885, 
Entom.  Amer.,  1:  134;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)-;  Schaef- 
FER,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  337. 

Ihidion  griseolum  Bates,  1892,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1892  :  156,  pi.  5,  f .  13^. 

This  species  differs  markedly  from  the  preceding  in  the  form  and  structure 
of  the  pronotum  (scarcely  punctured,  with  a  narrow  median  callous  and  an 
elevated  subbasal  tubercule  on  each  side),  and  the  maculate  elytra.  It  is  re- 
lated to  Compsa  textile  Thomson,  but  may  be  distinguished  by  the  longer 
fourth  segment  of  the  antennae,  almost  impunctate  pronotum  devoid  of  long, 
erect  setae,  and  the  non-carinate  tibiae. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico^ ;  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas\  El 

Taste".  In  the  Leng-Cazier  collection  there  is  a  specimen  from  San  Jose  del 

Cabo. 

(4:3)  Anoplocurius  incompletus  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  4,  fig.  7) 

Male  :  Form  elongate,  narrow,  subcylindrical ;  color  dark  brown,  integument 
shining;  vestiture  sparse,  pale,  erect  and  suberect.  Head  transverse;  anten- 
nae about  one  and  three-fourths  times  as  long  as  the  body,  filiform,  eleven- 
segmented,  segments  not  carinate,  finely  pubescent,  with  a  few,  scattered, 
erect  hairs,  longer  and  a  little  more  numerous  on  the  basal  segments,  scape  a 
little  more  than  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  feebly  arcuate,  scarcely  thickened 
apically,  surface  coarsely,  contiguously  punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  sub- 
erect  hairs  which  are  longer  externally,  second  segment  as  long  as  broad,  third 
segment  a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  scape,  apex  armed  with  a  slender 
spine,  fourth  segment  simple,  subequal  in  length  to  third,  segments  five  to 
seven  subequal  in  length,  each  about  one-eighth  longer  than  third,  eighth  seg- 
ment perceptibly  shorter  than  seventh,  segments  nine  and  ten  subequal  in 
length,  each  about  as  long  as  third,  eleventh  segment  longest,  about  one  and 
one-third  times  as  long  as  tenth ;  eyes  coarsely  faceted,  deeply  emarginate ; 
frons  and  vertex  coarsety,  closely  punctured,  the  interspaces  forming  a  net- 
work of  elevated  lines.  Pronotum  barely  longer  than  broad,  sides  widest  behind 
the  middle,  surface  with  a  network  sculpturing  of  elevated  lines  similar  to  that 
of  head  but  better  defined ;  prosternum  polished  and  transversely  carinulate 
anteriorly,  sculptured  at  sides  like  pronotum.  Elytra  about  three  times  as  long 
as  pronotum,  sides  parallel,  surface  coarsely  but  not  closely  punctured,  the 
basal  punctures  well  defined,  clothed  with  short,  suberect,  pale  hairs ;  apices 
feebly  truncate.  Legs  slender;  femora  feebly  clavate,  clothed  with  short,  sub- 
erect  pubescence  with  longer,  erect  hairs  intermixed ;  first  segment  of  posterior 
tarsi  longer  than  the  two  following  together.  Ahdomen  shining ;  first  sternite 
tumid  at  middle,  fringed  wdth  erect  pale  hairs  posteriorly,  remaining  sternites 
more  coarsely  punctured  at  middle,  sparsely  clothed  with  erect  hairs  at  sides. 
Length :  6.5  mm. 

/<■ 


48  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Female :  Antennae  but  little  longer  than  the  body,  eleven-segmented,  seg- 
ments three  to  ten  gradually  decreasing  in  length,  eleventh  segment  longer 
than  tenth,  subequal  in  length  to  sixth.  Length  :  7  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5252,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  twenty  miles 
north  of  Comondu,  July  2, 1938,  and  allotype,  female  (No.  5253) ,  from  tv^enty 
miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16,  1938.  Both  specimens  were  taken  at  light 
bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

In  the  form  and  sculpturing  of  the  body  this  species  agrees  very  closely 
with  A.  canotiae  Fisher,  its  only  known  congener.  It  differs  markedly  how- 
ever in  the  structure  of  the  antennae,  which  are  only  eleven  segmented,  with 
the  third  segment  spinose  in  both  sexes  and  the  last  segment  longer  than  the 
penultimate.  The  scape  is  less  robust  than  in  any  of  the  examples  of  canotiae 
at  hand,  and  the  second  segment  which  is  transverse  in  the  latter  species  is  at 
least  as  long  as  broad  in  incom.pletiis.  In  the  male,  antennal  segments  five  to 
seven  are  distinctl}^  longer  than  three  and  four. 

(44)  Lianema  tenuicornis  Fall 

Lianema  tenuicornis  Fall,  1907,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  25:  86^;  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus. 
Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  331. 

This  species,  the  only  known  representative  of  its  genus,  is  unknown  to  me. 
According  to  Schaeffer,  Lianema  "...  is  closely  allied  to  Hypexilis  [but  it] 
differs  from  that  genus  by  having  the  last  joint  of  the  maxillary  palpi  longer 
and  more  slender,  much  longer  tarsal  joints,  more  vertical  front,  shorter 
mandibles,  apex  of  antennal  joints  three  to  ten  somewhat  inflated  and  the  last 
joint  exceedingly  long  .  .  .". 

Type  locality  :  El  Taste\ 

Perigracilia  Linsley,  new  genus 

Male :  Form  elongate,  very  slender,  subcylindrical.  Head  nearly  one  and 
one-fourth  times  as  wdde  as  pronotum  at  apex,  perceptibly  wider  than  pro- 
notum  at  base ;  front  short,  sub  vertical,  moderately  convex,  transversely  im- 
pressed above  base  of  labrum ;  antennal  tubercles  moderate,  evenly  concave 
between ;  antennae  twelve-segmented,  about  two  and  one-half  times  as  long 
as  body,  not  ciliate,  segments  three  to  six,  distinctly  swollen  at  apex,  scape 
nearly  four  times  as  long  as  broad,  gradually  widened  apically,  second  seg- 
ment longer  than  broad,  third  segment  about  three  and  one-half  times  as  long 
as  second,  fourth  segment  about  one  and  one-third  times  as  long  as  third,  fifth 
segment  nearly  one  and  three-fourths  times  fourth,  sixth  segment  about  one 
and  one-third  times  fifth,  seventh  subequal  to  sixth,  eighth  a  little  longer  than 
seventh,  ninth  only  three-fourths  as  long  as  eighth,  tenth  longer  than  ninth 
and  about  subequal  to  seventh,  eleventh  more  than  one  and  one-half  times  as 
long  as  tenth  and  about  equal  to  the  first  five  segments  together,  twelfth  seg- 
ment longest,  about  one  and  one-fifth  times  as  long  as  eleventh ;  mandibles 
short ;  palpi  short,  not  very  unequal  in  length,  last  segment  of  maxillary  nar- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  49 

row,  obliquely  truncate  at  apex,  of  labial,  cylindrical,  pointed.  Thorax  elon- 
gate; pronotum  nearly  twice  as  long  as  apical  wddth,  narrowly  constricted 
at  base,  broadly  and  shallowdy  before  apex,  base  wider  than  apex,  broadly 
emarginate,  sides  widest  in  front  of  base,  thence  gradually  narrow^ed  to  apex, 
apex  truncate ;  prosternum  very  elongate  in  front  of  coxae,  intercoxal  process 
very  slender,  apex  pointed ;  anterior  coxae  separated  by  but  a  fraction  of  their 
widths,  cavities  angulate  externally,  open  behind ;  mesosternum  triangular ; 
intermediate  coxae  a  little  more  widely  separated  than  anterior  coxae,  inter- 
vening distance  about  one-fourth  of  the  width  of  a  coxa,  coxal  cavities  nar- 
rowly open  externally ;  mestasternum  elongate,  moderately  convex ;  metepis- 
terna  rather  broad,  straight,  but  little  narrowed  posteriorly ;  metanotum  with 
a  large  stridulatory  area  which  is  obliquely  narrowed  to  the  scutellum;  scutel- 
lum  small,  subtriangular.  Elytra  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  basal  width, 
a  little  shorter  than  the  abdomen ;  humeri  distinct ;  disk  flattened ;  sides  sub- 
parallel  ;  apices  a  little  dehiscent,  separately,  narrowly  rounded.  Legs  mod- 
erately short ;  femora  strongly  clavate,  subpedunculate ;  tibiae  slender,  linear ; 
posterior  tarsi  slender,  barel}'  more  than  one-half  as  long  as  tibiae,  first  seg- 
ment longer  than  following  two  together  but  distinctly  shorter  than  remaining 
segments  together.  Ahdomeyi  with  first  sternite  at  middle  not  longer  than  sec- 
ond sternite. 

Genotype:  Perigracilia  tenuis,  new  species. 

This  remarkable  genus  belongs  in  the  tribe  Graciliini  near  Hypexilis  and 
Lianema.  From  both  of  these  genera  it  may  be  distinguished  at  once  by  the 
twelve-segmented  antennae  and  the  proportions  of  the  various  antennal  seg- 
ments. In  the  former  genus,  the  segments  from  three  to  eleven  gradually 
increase  in  length  toward  the  apex;  in  Lianema  segments  three  to  six  increase 
in  length,  six  to  ten  are  subequal,  and  the  eleventh  segment  is  nearly  as  long 
as  the  four  preceding  together.  In  Perigracilia,  however,  segments  three  to  six 
increase,  six  and  seven  are  subequal,  the  eighth  longer,  the  ninth  shorter  than 
any  of  the  three  preceding,  the  tenth  again  longer,  the  eleventh  more  than 
one  and  one-half  times  the  tenth,  and  the  twelfth  a  little  longer  than  the 
eleventh.  It  may  be  further  differentiated  from  Hypexilis  hj  the  slender 
maxillary  palpi  which  are  not  much  longer  than  the  labial  palpi,  and  the  short, 
first  abdominal  sternite.  From  (the  description  of)  Lianema  it  also  differs  in 
the  narrow  prosternal  process  and  short  posterior  tarsi  which  are  scarcely 
more  than  half  as  long  as  the  tibiae  and  have  the  first  segment  distinctly 
shorter  than  the  following  segments  together.  It  may  be  distinguished  from 
Gracilia  by  the  nonciliate,  twelve-segmented  antennae,  elongate  thorax,  short 
first  abdominal  sternite,  etc. 

(45)  Perigracilia  tenuis  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate4,  fig.  3) 

Male :  Form  linear ;  color  dull  brown ;  vestiture  very  short,  fine,  pale, 
obscure.  Head  moderately  finely,  closely  punctured,  the  interspaces  very  mi- 


50  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

nutely  punctured ;  pubescence  sparse,  obscure ;  antennae  very  finely,  obscurely 
clothed  with  prostrate  pubescence,  erect  hairs  absent,  first  four  segments 
moderately  finely,  closely,  distinctly  punctured,  fifth  segment  less  distinctly 
punctured,  punctation  of  remaining  segments  very  obscure.  Pronotum  aluta- 
ceous,  moderately  finely  punctured,  punctures  more  distinct  apically;  disk 
flattened  posteriority,  closely  punctured  and  finely  rugulose ;  prosternum  shin- 
ing, finely,  transversely  rugulose,  minutely  spiculate,  sides  dull  posteriorly, 
closely  punctured  and  minutely  tesselate  ;  meso-  and  metasterna  finely,  closely 
punctured  and  minutely  tesselate;  scutellum  shining,  finely  punctured.  Elytra 
evenly  but  obscurely  and  finely  punctulate,  sparsely  clothed  with  a  short,  pale, 
obscure,  prostrate  pubescence.  Legs  moderately  short ;  femora  shining,  very 
finely  punctate  wdth  a  few,  large  punctures  superimposed,  these  latter  smaller 
than  those  of  pronotum,  pubescence  fine,  depressed,  pale,  the  hairs  a  little 
longer  and  more  numerous  than  those  of  elytra ;  tibiae  more  densely  pubescent ; 
posterior  tarsi  very  slender,  not  padded  beneath.  Abdomen  cylindrical,  ster- 
nites  moderately  shining,  finely  punctate  and  minutely  tesselate,  sparsely 
clothed  with  obscure,  fine,  pale  pubescence ;  fifth  sternite  subtruncate  at 
apex ;  sixth  tergite  densely  clothed  with  long,  erect  hairs  of  irregular  lengths. 
Length :  5.5-6.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5254,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  from  10  miles 
southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9, 1938,  and  two  paratypes,  both  males, 
from  8  miles  northeast  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10,  1938.  All  three  specimens 
were  taken  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(46)  Gracilia  f asciata  LeConte 

Gracilia  f asciata  LeConte,  1873,  Smitlison.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  17P;  Leng,  1885,  Bull. 
Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  7:  118. 

In  this  very  remarkable  species  there  is  a  transverse  band  of  white  pubes- 
cence behind  the  middle  of  the  elytra  and  the  elytral  apices  are  serrate.  I  have 
never  seen  a  specimen  but  from  the  description  I  suspect  that  it  is  not  a  true 
Gracilia. 

Type  locality  :  Lower  California". 

(47)  Obrium  (Phyton)  discoideum  (LeConte) 

(Plate4,  fig.  5) 

Phyton  discoideum  LeConte,  1873,  Smitlison.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  190^;  Leng,  1886,  Entom. 

Amer.,  2:  28;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)-. 
Obrium  discoideum,  Aurivillius,  1912,  Coleopt.  Catal.,  39:  133. 

This  species  is  very  distinct  in  the  unicolorous  pronotum  and  the  pattern  of 
the  elytra  which,  together,  have  a  transverse  median  pale  band  enclosed  in  a 
fuscous  cloud. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas"' '. 

New  records  :  6  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15;  Triunfo,  July  13. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LIN S LEY:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  51 

Five  specimens  were  captured  by  ]\Iichelbaclier  and  Koss,  all  taken  at  light 
in  the  Cape  Regoin.  Additional  examples  have  been  seen  from  Santa  Rosa 
(Beyer,  Leng-Cazier)  and  from  Venedio,  Sinaloa  (C.A.S.).  This  last  record 
is  apparently  the  first  for  the  Mexican  mainland. 

(48)  Obrium  peninsulare  Schaeffer 

Ohrium  peninsulare  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  338. 
Obrium  hrunneum  Schaeffer  (nee  Fabricius),  1904,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  12 :  223\ 

I  have  in  my  collection  a  single  male  of  this  species  sent  to  me  several  years 
ago  by  Mr.  Schaeffer.  It  is  uniformly  brownish  testaceous  with  the  elytra 
rather  evenly  coarsely,  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  averaging  less  than 
two  puncture  widths  apart.  The  abdomen  is  rather  dull,  the  sternites  minutely 
tesselate.  The  eyes  are  separated  on  the  vertex  by  about  the  diameter  of  the 
antennal  scape. 

Type  locality  :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif  ornia"^. 

(49)  Obrium  constricticolle  Schaeffer 

Obrium  constricticolle  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.,  1 :  338\ 

This  species  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  California.  It  is 
smaller  than  the  preceding  (4.5-6  mm.  as  compared  to  7-7.5  mm.)  and  differs 
in  having  the  elytra  more  sparsely  and  irregularly  punctured  and  the  abdomi- 
nal sternites  highly  polished  and  shining.  The  elytral  punctation  is  finer  and 
sparser  at  base,  coarse  and  dense  at  middle,  and  the  apical  one-third  is  almost 
impunctate.  The  color  is  brownish  testaceous,  with  a  marked  tendency,  par- 
ticularly in  the  smaller  males,  toward  a  lateral  piceous  clouding  at  the  middle 
of  the  elytra.  In  the  darkest  invididuals  the  clouding  is  also  present  at  the 
base  and  apex,  leaving  the  pale  areas  in  the  form  of  a  cross. 

Type  locality.  Huachuca  Mts.,  Arizona\ 

New  records :  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  6  miles  north  of  Triunf  o,  July  15 ; 
Triunf  0,  July  7. 

Thirteen  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  All  were  captured 
at  light. 

(50)  Ortholeptura  insignis  (Fall) 

Leptura  insignis  Fall,  1907,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  33  :  251\ 
Ortlioleptura  insignis,  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4 :  205. 

Anoplodera  insignis,  Swaixe  and  E.  Hopping,  1928,  Nat.  Mus.  Can.,  Bull.  52:   41,  56; 
LiNSLEY,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  59  (record) 2. 

The  genus  Ortholeptura,  suppressed  by  Swaine  and  Hopping  (1928,  Nat. 
Mus.  Can.,  Bull.  52  :  38) ,  is,  in  my  opinion,  distinct  and  worthy  of  recognition. 
It  may  be  readily  recognized  b5^  the  large  size,  parallel  body  form,  coarsely 
faceted  eyes,  completely  closed  anterior  coxal  cavities,  and  the  presence  of  a 
pubescent  sole  on  the  first  tarsal  segment.  The  species,  unlike  those  of  A7io- 
plodera  (where  they  were  placed  by  Swaine  and  Hopping) ,  are  nocturnal  and 


52  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

commonly  attracted  to  light.  0.  insignis  (Fall)  occurs  on  the  Monterey  and 
Bishop  Pines  in  a  few  discontinuous  localities  from  Fort  Bragg,  California 
to  Guadalupe  Island. 

Type  locality  :  Monterey,  California'. 

Recorded  distribution  :  coastal  California ;  Guadalupe  Island". 

Hosts  :  Pimis  radiata,  P.  muricata. 

(51)  Cortodera  (Acmaeopsilla)  falsa  (LeConte) 

Acmaeops  falsa  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1859:  80^;  LeConte,  1873, 
Smithson.  Misc.,  Coll.,  XI,  264:  210;  Leng,  1890,  Ento.  Amer.,  6 :  109;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)-. 

Leptacmaeops  (Acmaeopsilla)  falsa,  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  240. 

A  well  known  and  occasionally  abundant  southern  California  species  which 
was  recorded  from  Lower  California  by  Horn.  The  adults  frequent  flowers  of 
the  Compositae. 

Type  locality :  Tejon,  California\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  California ;  Low^er  California :  Calmalli 
Mines". 

(52)  Anoplodera  (Judolia)  6-spilota  (LeConte) 

Leptura  6-spilota  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat,  Sci.  Phila.,  1859:  80\ 

Leptura  sexspilota,  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.,  Coll.,  XI,  264 :  218 ;  Leng,  1890,  Entom. 

Amer.,  6:  188,  196;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)-. 
Judolia  sexspilota,  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  249. 
Anoplodera  sexspilota,  Swaine  and  R.  Hopping,  1928,  Nat.  Mus.  Can.,  Bull.  52:  39,  51, 

pi.  6,  f .  64. 

This  well  known  southern  California  species  was  recorded  by  Horn  from 
the  San  Pedro  Martir  of  northern  Lower  California.  No  other  species  of  Ano- 
plodera  is  known  from  the  peninsula  at  present. 

Type  locality  :  Tejon,  California'. 

Recorded  distribution  :  central  and  southern  California  ;  Lower  California  : 
San  Pedro  Martir^ 

New  records  :  San  Vincente,  July  15. 

Three  specimens  were  taken  on  flowers  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(53)  Ophistomis  laevicollis  ventralis  (Horn) 

Ophistomis  ventralis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  401^;  Hamilton,  1896, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23  :  175. 

H.  W.  Bates,  in  1880  (Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  39),  described  a 
species  from  Guatemala  to  which  he  gave  the  name  Ophistomis  laevicollis. 
Five  years  later  (I.e.,  5  :  279,  1885),  after  the  receipt  of  additional  material, 
he  stated  that  his  type  specimen  apparentl}^  represented  a  rare  color  variety, 
and  proceeded  to  describe  (but  not  name)  several  additional  "colour  varia- 
tions" from  Panama,  Guatemala,  and  Mexico.  At  the  same  time  he  commented 
that  0.  laevicollis  and  0.  rostrata  Bates  differed  from  their  congeners  in  the 
very  convex  mesosternum,  form  of  the  thorax,  and  angular  shoulders  of  the 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  53 

elytra,  suggesting  that  these  differences  might  warrant  their  generic  separa- 
tion. Casey,  in  1891  (Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  6  :  41),  reported  that  an  Arizona 
specimen  had  been  sent  to  Bates  and  determined  by  him  as  laevicollis,  differ- 
ing from  the  Central  American  examples  only  in  the  sparser  puctation,  longer 
elytra,  and  shorter  outer  angle  of  the  elytral  truncature.  In  1894,  Horn  de- 
scribed from  Lower  California  a  species,  0.  ventralis,  related  to  0.  laevicollis, 
but  which  in  the  general  comments  following  his  description  he  compared  to 
0.  riifiventris  Bates.  Casey,  correctly  recognizing  that  the  Horn  species  was 
in  reality  close  to  laevicollis,  applied  the  name  '^ventralis''  to  the  Arizona 
specimens  which  he  had  previously  sent  to  Bates.  In  1913  (Mem.  Coleopt.,  5  : 
260),  when  he  followed  the  earlier  suggestion  of  Bates  and  proposed  a  new 
genus  for  this  group  of  species,  he  selected  as  his  genotype  0.  ventralis  (Casey, 
nee  Horn).  Recently,  Hopping  (Nat.  Mus.  Can.,  Bull.  85:  21,  1937),  again 
accepting  Arizona  specimens  as  ventralis,  has  relegated  the  species  to  syn- 
onymy with  laevicollis  Bates,  and,  considering  the  latter  species  congeneric 
with  0.  flavocinctus  Thomson  (genotype  of  Ophistomis) ,  has  suppressed 
Cyphonotida  Casey.  In  my  own  collection,  the  Leng-Cazier  collection,  and  in 
the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  there  is  a  series  of  sixty-one  examples 
from  numerous  localities  in  southern  Arizona  (Nogales,  Santa  Rita  Mts., 
Huachuca  Mts.,  and  Chiricahua  Mts. ) ,  all  rather  constant  in  color  pattern  and 
all  differing  from  the  Lower  California  series  at  hand.  The  Arizona  specimens 
have  red  humeri  (the  spot  is  sometimes  small  but  present  in  every  specimen 
seen),  black  elytral  pubescence  (pale  in  ventralis),  and  the  apical  pubescence 
of  the  elytra  is  much  denser.  In  my  opinion,  the  Lower  California  and  Arizona 
specimens  are  at  least  subspecifically,  if  not  specifically  distinct.  Apparently 
also,  the  Arizona  specimens  are  at  least  subspecifically  distinct,  in  view  of  their 
constancy,  from  the  true  laevicollis  Bates.  These  conform  most  closely  (but 
not  exactly)  to  the  type  described  by  Bates  as  var.  5  from  Mexico.  Hopping 
(l.c)  records  a  series  in  the  United  States  National  Museum  from  Arizona  as 
conforming  to  var.  4  (from  Guatemala)  but  I  have  not  seen  examples  of  this 
type.  Bates  describes  his  variety  4  as  follows  :  "Niger,  thorace  supra  abdomine- 
que  (apice  excepto)  rufis." 

Type  locality :  El  Taste\ 

Lectotype:  No.  68,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  5- 

(54)  Vesperoctenus  flohri  Bates 

Vesperoctenus  flohri  Bates,  1891,  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  27:  160^;  Bates,  1892,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc. 
London.,  1892 :  158-,-  Horn,  3  894,  Proc.  Calif .  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  324,  pi.  8,  f.  1-3^;  Gahan, 
1895,  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  31:  22;  Horn,  1895,  Ent.  News,  6:  114;  Boppe,  1921,  Genera  In- 
sectorum,  178 :  29,  pi.  2,  f .  5. 

This  interesting  species  which  was  first  discovered  in  Mexico,  has  been  the 
subject  of  a  considerable  amount  of  controversy.  Described  originally  by  Bates 
as  a  longicorn,  Horn  (1894)  transferred  it  to  the  Khipiceridae.  Horn's  action 
was  immediately  challenged  by  Gahan  (1895)  who  staunchly  defended  its 


54  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

original  assignment  to  the  Cerambycidae.  Most  Coleopterists  now  agree  that 
the  genus  is  cerambycoid  and  related  to  Vesperus  (Vesperini),  but  its  exact 
phylogenetic  position  within  the  family  (as  is  the  case  with  Philini)  is  still 
in  dispute. 

Type  locality :  Durango,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Mexico :  Durango^  (Sierra  Madre)^;  Lower  Califor- 
nia :  San  Francisquito^. 

Mr.  Bates  has  reported  that  some  of  the  type  specimens  were  captured 
emerging  from  the  ground,  and  that  others  were  attracted  to  light.  He  sug- 
gested that,  like  Vesperits,  they  might  be  root  borers. 

(55)  Acjrphoderes  delicataHorn 

Acyphodcres  delicatus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  400^;  Hamilton,  1896, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23  :  168. 

Only  the  type  specimen  (No.  65,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  of  this  interesting 
species  is  known.  It  is  the  only  Lower  California  representative  of  the  tribe 
Rhinotragini.  Serville  made  the  genus  Acyphoderes  feminine  and  I  have 
changed  the  Horn  name  accordingly. 

Type  locality :  El  Tasted 

(56)  Plinthocoelium  cobaltinum  (LeConte) 

Callichroma  cohaltinum  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  195^;  Leng,  1886, 

Entom.  Amer.,  2:  61;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^ 
Plintliocoelmm  coljaltinum,  Schmidt,  1924,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1924:  385^. 

This  beautiful  species  was  not  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Lower  Cali- 
fornia specimens  have  been  seen  from  the  following  localities :  San  Jose  del 
Cabo  (C.A.S.),  El  Taste  (Leng-Cazier). 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico^ ;  Lower  California  :  Cape  San  Lucas^'  \ 

(57)  Cyllene  antennata  (White) 

Clytus  antennatus  White,  1855,  Cat.  Coleopt.  Brit.  Mus.,  8:  252\ 

Cyllene  antennatus,  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  7:  135^;  Leng,  1887,  Entom.  Amer., 

2:  1953;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:  339  (record)^;  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull. 

Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31:  325  (record)^;  Craighead  and  Hofer,  1921,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agr., 

Farmers'  Bull.  1197:  6,  figs.  5,  6;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  33  (biol.)«; 

G.  Hopping,  1937,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  30 :  441,  pi.  1. 
Cyllene  antennata,  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  295  (record)'^. 
Megacyllene  antennata,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  348,  351. 
Arhopalus  eurystetJius  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1858:  82^;  LeConte, 

1859,  in:  Thomson,  Arcana  Nat.,  p.  127,  pi.  13,  f.  9;  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phila.,  1861 :  335  (record)^. 

This  well  known  Sonoran  species  was  taken  at  light  in  the  Cape  Region  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  larvae  live  in  the  dead  wood  of  leguminose  trees, 
particularly  mesquite. 

Type  locality :  "W.  Coast  of  America"\ 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  55 

Kecorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States  :  Texas'',  Arizona^,  Cali- 
fornia''; Mexico  :  Sonora^'^;  Lower  California^ :  Cape  San  Lucas*,  Cape  Region 
between  San  Jose  and  Triunf  o'. 

New  record :  Santiago,  July  8. 

Hosts :  Prosopis',  Acacia'^. 

(58)  Xylotrechus  insignis  LeConte 

Xylotrechus  insignis  LeCoxte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  199^;  Casey,  1891,  Ann. 

N.  Y.  Acad.  Sei.,  6:  35^;  Van  Dyke,  1920,  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  15:  43;  Craighead, 

1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  58  (biol.)  ;  G.  Hopping,  1932,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  25: 

541,  pi.  2,  f.  13-14;  Linsley,  1935,  Ent.  News,  46 :  163,  f.  2. 
Xylotrechus  obliteratus,  Leng,  1887,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  199;  Fall,  1897,  Can.  Ent.,  29:  240 

(record)^;  1901,  Occ.  Pap.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  147. 
Xylotrechus  planifrons,  Fall,  1901,  Occ.  Pap.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8 :  147. 
Xylotrechus  diruptus  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  367. 

This  very  beautiful,  sexually  dimorphic  and  dichromatic  species  breeds  in 
willow,  and  the  males  frequent  the  leaves  of  Verhasciim  and  Asclepias.  The 
series  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  is  composed  entirely  of  males  which 
differ  from  the  tj^pical  form  in  having  the  elytra  suffused  with  ochraceous 
pubescence.  The  mid-elytral  fascia  is  present  as  an  undulating,  thread-like 
line  in  some  of  the  examples,  absent  in  others.  The  specimens  are  similar  to, 
but  not  quite  identical  with,  the  northern  California  form  to  which  Casey  gave 
the  name  incongruens  (Mem.  Coleopt.,  3:  366,  1912).  Hopping  (1932)  has 
placed  the  latter  name  in  synonymy,  but  possibly  without  sufficient  justifica- 
tion. Seventy-one  specimens  referable  to  incoiigmens  are  before  me  from  sev- 
eral localities  in  coastal  northern  California.  Thus  far,  the  writer  has  never 
collected  both  incongruens  and  typical  insignis  from  the  same  x)lant,  a  fact 
which  might  suggest  that  the  former  is  subspecifically  distinct.  In  the  case  of 
doubtful  forms  for  which  names  have  already  been  proposed,  it  seems  to  the 
present  writer  that  the  preferable  policy  is  to  keep  the  names  separate  and 
the  records  distinct,  until  such  time  as  they  can  be  shown  to  be  conspecific. 
For  incongruens,  this  will  mean  rearing  the  two  types  and  associating  them 
with  females  (only  males  of  incongruens  are  known) . 

Type  locality :  Calif  ornia\ 

New  record  :  20  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  6. 

(59)  Neoclytus  peninsularis  Schaeffer 

Neoclytus  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  1905,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1:  133^;  G. 
Hopping,  1932,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  25 :  551,  pi.  3,  f .  7. 

N.  peninsularis  Schaeffer  resembles  N.  interruptus  LeConte,  but  differs  in 
pattern  of  the  pronotal  and  elytral  pubescence.  In  peninsularis,  the  pronotum 
is  clothed  with  ashy  gray  pubescence,  in  interruptus  there  is  a  transverse  band 
of  yellow  along  the  basal  margin.  In  the  former  species,  the  ante-median  band 
of  the  elytra  is  transverse  and  straight,  the  median  band  in  the  form  of  an  in- 


56  '  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

verted  "V."  In  the  latter  species  the  ante-median  spot  is  suboval  and  much 
nearer  the  base,  the  median  spots  lunnlate,  both  markings  usually  failing  to 
attain  either  the  suture  or  the  lateral  margin. 
Type  locality :  San  Felipe,  Lower  California". 

(60)  Neoclytus  magnus  Schaeffer 

Neoclytus  magnus  ScHAEFrER,  1904,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  12 :  224^ 

This  species  has  not  been  seen  by  the  writer.  From  a  reading  of  the  descrip- 
tion, however,  it  seems  very  unlikely  that  the  N.  magnus  of  Van  Dyke  (1927, 
Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  3  :  109)  and  G.  Hopping  (1932,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  25  :  556,  pi. 
5,  fig.  5)  is  the  true  magnus  of  Schaeffer.  Their  records  are  based  on  material 
that  is  very  close  to,  if  not  identical  with,  N.  halteatus  LeConte.  An  examina- 
tion of  Schaeffer's  type  is  in  order  before  the  status  of  magnus  can  be  de- 
termined. 

Type  locality  :  Ensenada,  Lower  California\ 

(61)  Neoclytus  irroratus  (LeConte) 

Clytus  irroratus  LeConte,  1858,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  (2)  4:  26^ 

Neoclytus  irroratus,  Leng,  1887,  Entom.  Amer.  3 :  6 ;  G.  Hopping,  1932,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am., 

25  :  550,  pi.  4,  f .  12-. 
Bhopalopachys  irroratus,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^. 
Clytus  (Bhopalopachys)  morosus  Chevrolat,  1860,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  (3)  8:  501'. 
Bhopalopachys  morosus,  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  58. 

This  species  is  very  distantl}^  related  to  the  tw^o  preceding,  and  may  be  dis- 
tinguished at  once  by  the  strongly  spinose  femora  and  elytra,  abruptly  clavate 
femora,  three  rows  of  pronotal  rugae,  and  the  elytral  pattern  w^iich  consists 
of  an  oval  humeral  spot  and  a  thread-like,  wavy,  post-median  line. 

Type  locality :  Texas\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  southwestern  United  States  :  Texas\  Arizona^  Cali- 
fornia" ;  Mexico* ;  Lower  California :  El  Taste^ 

(62)  Eplophorus  bicinctus  Linsley 

Eplophorus  hicinctus  Linsley,  1935,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  51:  88. 

The  genus  Eplophorus  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. Examples  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  appear  to  represent  a  sub- 
species of  E.  hicinctus  Linsle}^  described  from  Sinaloa. 

(62a)  Eplophorus  bicinctus  peninsularis  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  4,  fig.  9) 

Differing  from  typical  hicinctus  as  follows :  Smaller,  only  4.5-  5  mm.  in 
length  as  compared  to  7.5-8  mm. ;  integument  black  with  the  antennae  and 
legs  vaguely  reddish,  rather  than  red,  with  only  the  mouthparts,  scape,  prono- 
tum,  margins  of  prosternum,  abdomen,  and  apical  one- third  of  elytra  black ; 
and  the  fourth  antennal  segment  wdth  a  short  spine  (very  feeble  in  hicinctus 
hicinctus) . 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  57 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5255,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5256),  and  four  paratypes,  beaten  from  Prosopis  at  San  Domingo,  July 
19, 1938,  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross.  One  paratype  each  is  deposited  in  the  col- 
lections of  Michelbaclier  and  Ross,  one  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences, 
and  one  in  the  collection  of  the  writer. 

This  subspecies  was  captured  in  the  company  of  Eiiderces  parallelus  Le- 
Conte,  to  which  it  bears  a  strong  superficial  resemblance  in  size,  form,  color, 
and  the  geminate  eburneous  fasciae  of  the  elytra.  It  may  be  readily  separated 
from  the  latter,  however,  by  the  bispinose  elytral  apices,  spinose  antennae, 
densely  punctured  and  pubescent  first  abdominal  sternite,  etc.  E.  hicinctus 
hicinctus  was  taken  with  the  ant  Pseudomyrma  gracilis  subsp.  mexicana  Roger, 
a  species  to  which  it  bears  a  striking  mimetic  resemblance. 

(63)  Euderces  parallelus  LeConte 

Euderces  parallelus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:   202^;   Leng,  1887, 
Entom.  Amer.,  3:  24,  44;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)-. 

In  this  species,  unlike  in  most  of  its  congeners,  the  eburneous  elytral  fasciae 
are  transverse.  Normally  the  fasciae  are  paired,  but  in  the  series  captured  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross,  about  one-fourth  of  the  specimens  have  the  anterior 
fascia  reduced,  and  in  about  one-eighth  of  the  examples  it  is  lacking  entirely. 
This  tendency  to  lose  the  anterior  fasciae  is  particularly  noticeable  in  the 
smaller  females  (3-3.5  mm.) . 

Type  locality :  Lower  California'. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo'. 

New  records  :  San  Domingo,  July  19  ;  Yenancio,  July  17 ;  Triunfo,  July  13. 

Additional  Lower  California  examples  have  been  seen  from  Santa  Rosa 
(Beyer,  Leng-Cazier).  The  Ross  and  Michelbacher  specimens  were  mostly 
captured  by  beating  Prosopis  and  at  flowers  of  an  undetermined  leguminose 
plant. 

Rhopalophorella  Linsley,  new  genus 

Male:  Form  elongate,  slender,  subparallel;  elytra  with  pubescent  fasciae. 
Head  narrower  than  pronotum ;  front  oblique  ;  vertex  evenly  convex,  scarcely 
impressed  between  the  antennae ;  antennal  tubercles  ver}^  feeble ;  antennae 
one  and  one-fourth  times  as  long  as  body,  filiform,  neither  setaceous  nor  ciliate, 
scape  robust,  clavate,  with  a  dorsal  sinus,  second  segment  beadlike,  as  long  as 
broad,  third  segment  one  and  one-third  times  as  long  as  scape,  nearly  twice 
as  long  as  fourth  segment,  segments  five  to  eleven  subequal  in  length ;  eyes 
small,  finely  granulated,  deeply  emarginate,  lower  lobe  wider  than  vertical 
length,  broadly  rounded  below,  subtruncate  above,  dorsal  lobe  small,  narrow ; 
mandibles  short,  strongly  curved,  acute  ;  palpi  short,  unequal,  last  segment  of 
both  pairs  subcylindrical,  not  expanded;  genae  prominent.  Thorax  elongate, 
subcylindrical ;  pronotum  a  little  narrower  than  eh^tra  at  base,  rather  broadly 
constricted  basally,  narrowly  constricted  apically,  sides  widest  in  front  of 


58  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

base;  prosternum  elongate  in  front  of  coxae,  intercoxal  process  narrow,  ex- 
panded posteriorly,  anterior  coxae  round,  cavities  small,  closed  and  not  an- 
gulated  externally,  open  behind;  intermediate  coxal  cavities  small,  closed 
externally;  metasternum  moderately  convex,  metepisterna  narrow,  slightly 
arcuate,  with  a  longtitudinal  carina  over  about  two-thirds  of  its  length ;  scutel- 
lum  small,  obtuse.  Elytra  widest  apically ;  disk  flat,  without  a  lateral  carina ; 
apices  obtuse,  tridentate.  Legs  long,  slender;  femora  pedunculate,  apices  sud- 
denly clavate,  posterior  pair  surpassing  elytral  apices ;  tibiae  slender,  spurs 
short;  tarsi  slender,  posterior  pair  with  first  segment  nearly  three  times  as 
long  as  second  segment.  Abdomen  moderately  robust;  first  sternite  shorter 
than  fourth. 

Female :  Antennae  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  body,  outer  segments  flat- 
tened, subserrate,  eleventh  segment  longer  than  tenth ;  posterior  femora  fall- 
ing far  short  of  elytral  apices ;  fifth  sternite  longer  than  fourth. 

Genotype:  Bhopalophora  hicincta Horn. 

This  genus  would  apparentl}^  fall  in  the  tribe  Cleomenini  as  defined  by 
Lacordaire  (1869,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  9:  97)  near  Dihammaphora,  but  seems 
equally  closel}^  related  to  BliopalopJiora  (Rhopalophorini).  From  the  former 
genus  it  differs  in  the  longer  antennae  which  are  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  body 
in  the  male  and  filiform,  and  in  the  absence  of  a  lateral  elytral  costa.  From 
Rhopalophora  it  may  be  distinguished  by  the  non-setaceous  antennae,  unim- 
pressed vertex,  small  eyes,  short  posterior  femora  in  the  female,  carinate 
metepisterna,  and  type  of  ornamentation.  The  type  species,  BliopalopJiora 
hicincta,  was  doubtfully  referred  to  that  genus  by  Horn,  who  knew  only  the 
female.  The  discovery  of  the  male  confirms  the  latter's  suspicion  that  the 
species  was  generically  distinct. 

(64)  Rhopalophorella  bicincta  (Horn) 

(Plate4,  fig.  6) 
BliopalopJiora  hicincta  Horn,  1895,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  5:  245\ 

This  species  is  dull  black  with  a  band  of  silvery  white  pubescence  at  the  base 
of  the  elytra,  another  at  middle,  and  patches  of  similar  hair  on  the  ventral 
surface.  Superficially  it  has  the  appearance  of  a  member  of  the  tribe  Tillo- 
morphini. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 

New  records  :  6  miles  north  of  Triunf  o,  July  15  ;  Triunf  o,  July  7. 

Four  specimens  of  this  rare  species,  hitherto  known  only  by  the  unique  type 
(No.  64,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  But.)  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(65)  Rhopalophora  rugicoUis  LeConte 

RJiopalophoriis  rugicoUis  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1858:  83\ 
Rhopalophora  rugicoUis,  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  31;  Casey,  1891,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad. 

Sci.,  6:  30;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)-;  Schaeffer,  1908, 

Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1:  330  (list)^ 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  59 

This  species  may  be  easily  recognized  by  the  narrow,  transversely  plicate 
and  rugose  pronotum. 

Type  locality :  Texas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas^  Arizona^ ; 
Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

(66)  Rhopalophora  longipes  (Say) 

Stenocorus  longipes  Say,  1823,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  3 :  426\ 
Tinopus  longipes,  LeConte,  1850,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PhOa.,  (2)2:  20^ 
EhopalopJiorus  (longipes) ,IjECoy;TE,  1854,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1854:  218. 
Ehopalophora  longipes,  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  30^,  pi.  2,  f.  28;  Casey,  1891,  Ann. 

N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  30;  Hamilton,  1892,  Can.  Ent.  24:  159;  Schaefeer,  1908,  Mus. 

Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  330  (list)*. 

To  this  species  I  have  questionably  referred  two  specimens  taken  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross  at  San  Domingo.  They  differ  from  longipes  primarily  in  the 
more  elongate  pronotum  and  shorter  fourth  segment  of  the  antennae.  They 
are  closer  to  specimens  from  Arizona  than  to  the  typical  longipes  of  eastern 
United  States,  but  cannot  be  matched  in  any  of  the  material  w^hich  I  have  at 
hand.  This  genus  is  in  need  of  a  restudy,  particularly  in  the  light  of  the 
Mexican  fauna. 

T\^e  locality  :  ''Missouri  Territory"."" 

Recorded  distribution :  eastern  and  southwestern  United  States  from 
Pennsylvania^  to  Colorado^  and  Arizona*. 

New  record :  San  Domingo,  July  19. 

(67)  Stenaspis  solitaria  (Say) 

Ceramhyx  solitarius  Say,  1823,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  3 :  410\ 

Callicliroma  solitarium,  Haldemax,  1847,  Trans.  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  10 :  32. 

Smileceras  solitarium,  LeConte,  1850,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phila.,  (2)  2 :  9. 

Stenaspis  solitaria,  LeConte,  1853,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila,,  1853 :   441 ;  LeConte, 

1859,  Coleopt.  Kans.  New  Mex.,  p.  20,  pi.  2,  f.  14;  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer., 

Coleopt.,  5:  32P;  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  62,  pi.  3,  f.  8;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^;  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31:  325 

(record)*;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  60  (record) ^ 
Stenaspis  unicolor  Dupont,  1840,  Mag.  Zool.,  X,  Ins.  p.  11,  pi.  38. 

This  rather  widespread  longicorn  was  not  taken  by  Ross  and  Michelbacher. 
It  frequents  leguminose  trees,  particularly  Prosopis,  on  the  leaves  and 
branches  of  which  it  is  very  conspicuous  because  of  its  unusually  large  size  and 
black  or  bluish-black  color. 

Type  locality :  "Upper  Arkansa"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas  and  Kansas  to 
Arizona ;  Mexico^ ;  Gulf  of  California :  Carmen  Island^ ;  Lower  California : 
San  Jose  del  Cabo'' ;  Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunf o*. 

Hosts  :  Prosopis,  Acacia,  etc. 


60  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 


(68)  Tragidion peninsular e  (Schaeffer) 

Tragidion  annulatum  var.  peninsulare  ScHAEFrER,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts.  Sci., 

Bull.  1:  339. 
Tragidion  peninsulare,  Linsley,  1940,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.,  16  :  137. 

This  species,  which  has  been  confused  with  T.  annulatum  LeConte,  differs 
in  having  a  narrow  band  of  dark  pubescence  at  the  base  of  the  elytra.  In  addi- 
tion, the  elytra  of  the  male  are  reddish  orange  rather  than  fulvochraceous,  the 
antennal  segments  from  eight  to  eleven  are  black,  and  the  head,  thorax,  and 
legs  are  black  rather  than  reddish  brown.  Lower  California  specimens  belong 
to  the  typical  subspecies. 

(68a)  Tragidion  peninsulare  peninsulare  (Schaeffer) 

Tragidion  annulatum  var.  peninsulare  Schaeffer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci., 

Bull.  1 :  339. 
Tragidion  peninsulare,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  321. 
Tragidion  peninsulare  peninsulare,  Linsley,  1940.  Pan-Pacific  Ent.,  16:  135-. 
Tragidion  annulatum,  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  1861:  335  (record)"; 

Casey,  1893,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  7:  856;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4: 

338  (record)*;  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  169. 
Tragidion  simulatum,  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31 :  325  (record)^ 

Type  locality :  San  Felipe"^. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California'' :  San  Felipe^  Cape  Region  be- 
tween San  Jose  and  Triunf o^,  San  Jose  del  Cabo"* ;  southern  Calif ornia^ 

(69)  Tragidion  armatum  LeConte 

Tragidion  armatum  LeConte,  1858,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  4:  25^;  Lacordaire, 
1869,  Genera  Coleopt.,  9:  174,  f.n.  3;  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  265:  314; 
Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  81;  Casey,  1893,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  7:  586;  Leng 
and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  169 ;  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  324 ; 
Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  79,  pi.  27,  fig.  3  (larva)  ;  Linsley,  1934, 
Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  61  (record)^;  Linsley,  1940,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.,  16:  135. 

This  species  differs  from  peninsulare  in  the  smooth,  non-corrugated  elytra 
with  the  costae  indicated  only  by  vague,  thread-like,  unraised  lines,  the  slender, 
sparsely  pubescent  tibiae,  and  the  absence  of  bluish  reflections  from  the  dark 
pubescence. 

Type  locality :  Llano  Estacado,  Texas\    • 

Recorded  distribution :  Texas\  southern  California" ;  Gulf  of  California : 

Danzante  Island^ 

Host :  Yucca. 

(70)  Metaleptus  femoratus  Schaeffer 

Metaleptus  femoratus  Schaeffer,  1909,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  1 :  384^;  Schaeffer, 
1911,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  19:  124  (syn.)  ;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  61 
(record)-. 

Metaleptus  gracilior  Pall,  1909,  Can.  Ent.,  41 :  164, 

The  genus  Metaleptus,  as  represented  by  six  species  before  me  from  Mexico 
and  southwestern  United  States,  is  rather  heterogeneous,  and  the  species  may 
not  all  be  strictly  congeneric.  In  M.  femoratus  the  prosternum  is  convex, 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  61 

the  mesosternum  protuberant  between  the  coxae,  and  the  femora  of  the  pos- 
terior legs  surpass  the  apex  of  the  elytra.  As  has  been  pointed  out  by  Fall 
(1909),  the  species  is  very  variable  in  color,  and  the  series  at  hand  exhibits 
most  of  the  variations  mentioned  by  that  author. 

Type  locality  :  Baboquivari  Mts.,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution:  southern  Arizona;  Mexico:  Sinaloa";  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia :  San  Pedro  Ba}-". 

(71)  Crossidius  austr alls  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  5,  fig.  6) 

Male  :  Form  robust ;  color  reddish  brown,  abdomen  testaceous,  elytra  testa- 
ceous with  a  black  humeral  spot  and  a  black  sutural  vitta ;  pubescence  pale. 
Head  much  narrower  than  pronotum,  coarsely,  subcontiguously  punctured, 
clothed  with  long,  coarse,  erect  and  suberect  setae  ;  antennae  nearly  as  long  as 
bodj^  scape  robust,  coarsely,  closely  punctate,  clothed  with  suberect  pale  setae, 
third  segment  longer  than  fourth,  segments  four  to  ten  subequal  in  length, 
segments  three  to  six  distinctly  punctured  and  clothed  with  suberect  setae, 
most  numerous  on  segments  three  and  four,  segments  seven  to  eleven  scarcely 
punctate,  minutel}^  pubescent.  Pronotum  transverse;  disk  very  coarsely,  ir- 
regularly punctured,  punctures  varying  from  adjoining  to  one  or  more 
puncture  widths  apart,  surface  sparsely  clothed  with  long,  coarse,  suberect 
setae  which  become  numerous  at  sides  and  along  anterior  and  posterior  mar- 
gin; prosternum  coarsely  punctured,  densely  clothed  with  long,  pale,  coarse 
setae;  metasternum  and  metepisterna  moderately  finely,  closely  punctured, 
densely  clothed  with  long,  coarse,  pale  setae ;  scutellum  densely  clothed  with 
fine,  pale  hairs.  Legs  slender,  coarsely,  closely  punctured,  clothed  with  coarse, 
suberect,  pale  hairs ;  posterior  tarsi  slender,  first  segment  a  little  longer  than 
following  two  together.  Elytra  very  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  be- 
coming smaller  apically ;  costae  distinct,  appearing  shiny  to  the  naked  eye ; 
surface  clothed  with  short,  suberect,  coarse  setae,  longer  and  more  numerous 
in  sutural  and  apical  areas;  apices  emarginate.  Abdomen  finely,  closely 
punctured,  densely  clothed  with  very  long,  prostrate,  white  hairs.  Length : 
10-13  mm. 

Female:  Form  broader,  more  robust;  head,  antennae,  pronotum,  and  legs 
usually  very  dark  brown  or  blackish,  dark  areas  of  elytra  more  extensive; 
antennae  attaining  apical  one-third  of  elytra.  Length :  12-14.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5257,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5258),  and  thirteen  paratypes  from  San  Quintin,  August  2,  1938,  on 
Haplopappus  parishii  (Greene).  Additional  paratypes:  two  females,  Hamil- 
ton Ranch,  August  2, 1938,  and  two  females  and  six  males  from  Rio  San  Telmo, 
August  3, 1938.  All  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Crossidius  australis  is  perhaps  best  compared  with  C.  testaceus  LeConte 
from  which  it  may  be  distinguished  by  the  much  coarser  punctation,  shining 
pronotum,  and  the  elytral  pattern.  In  form  and  color  it  is  suggestive  of  C. 
piinctatus  LeConte,  but  it  differs  at  once  from  that  species  in  the  very  distinct 


62  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

elytral  costae.  The  black  sutural  vitta  is  present  in  all  but  one  of  the  twenty- 
five  specimens  at  hand.  In  some  of  the  females  there  is  a  tendency  for  the  vitta 
to  expand  apically,  sometimes  nearly  to  the  lateral  margins. 

(72)  Oxoplus  cruentus  LeConte 

Oxoplus  cruentus  LeConte,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  1862:  42^;  Horn,  1885, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12  :  175 ;  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2  :  102. 
Oxoplus  cruentatus,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338. 

One  example  of  this  beautiful  species  was  taken  on  the  leaves  of  an  unknown 
plant  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
Type  locality  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 
New  Record :  Miraflores,  July  8. 

(73)  Oxoplus  marginatus  LeConte 

Oxoplus  marginatus  LeConte,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1862:   42^;  LeConte, 

1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  23;  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  175;  Leng, 

1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2 :  102 ;  Horn,  1894,  Proc  Calif.  Acad  Sci.,  (2)4:  338. 

In  this  species  the  pronotum  is  sometimes  wholly  or  partially  ruf otestaceous 
or  brownish,  but  apparently  never  brilliantly  red  as  in  the  preceding.  Nine 
examples  were  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  and  I  have  seen  others 
from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  in  various  collections.  It  is  apparently  confined  to  the 
Gape  Region. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 

New  records :  Triunfo,  July  13 ;  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13  ;  Mira- 
flores, July  8. 

(74)  Plionoma rubens  (Casey) 

SpJiaenotJiecus  rubens  Casey,  1891,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  34^;  Hamilton,  1892,  Can. 

Ent.,  24:  160.^ 
SphaenotJiecus  suturalis  var.  rubens,  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  171^ 
Plionoma  rubens,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3:  334. 

Thirty-four  specimens,  only  seven  of  which  were  females,  were  beaten  from 
"catclaw"  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  length  of  the  antennae  of  the  males 
varies  considerably,  but  the  lateral  punctation  of  the  pronotum  and  elytra  is 
fine  and  dense  in  all  of  the  examples. 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas^,  New  Mexico^, 
Arizona^  California\ 

Type  locality :  "Southern  Arizona"\ 

New  records :  7  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  June  18 ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake, 
June  21, 

Host :  Acacia  greggii 

(75)  Plionoma  basalis  (Horn) 

S phenothecus  basalis  Horn,  1894,  Proc,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  4:  40P. 
Sphaenothecus  basalis,  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:171. 
Sphaenothecus  (lEntomosterna)  basalis,  Leng,  1920,  Catal.  ColeojDt.  N.  A.,  p.  280. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  63 

This  species  is  very  similar  in  form  to  P.  suturalis  (Lee.)  and  P.  ruhens 
(Casey)  but  differs  in  color  and  vestiture.  The  basal  one-third  of  the  elytra 
and  the  femora  are  dark  reddish.  The  five  specimens  taken  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross  were  all  beaten  from  mesquite.  They  encountered  the  species  both 
in  the  Cape  Region  and  the  northern  deserts, 

Lectotype:  No.  66,  Calif,  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  ^. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\  Sierra  El 
Chinche\ 

Xew  records :  7  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  June  18 ;  Catavina,  June  19 ; 
Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21;  Triunfo,  July  13. 

Host :  Prosopis. 

(76)  Taranomis  bivittata  (Dupont) 

Sphaenothecus  hivittatus  Dupont,  1838,  Mag.  Zool.,  (1)  9:  58^;  Guerin,  1844,  Icon.  Eegn. 

Anim.,  Ins.,  p.  250;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10  :  61  (record)-. 
Sphenothecus  hivittatus,  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  84. 
Ischocnemis  hivittatus,  Leng,  1887,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  193. 
Taranomis  hivittata,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  333. 
Leptocera  hilineata  Gory,  1839,  in :  Guerin,  Icon.  Eegn.  Anim.,  Ins.,  pi.  45,  f .  9 ;  Castelnau, 

1840,  Hist.  nat.  Ins.  Coleopt.,  2 :  490,  pi.  34,  f .  4. 

This  widespread  Sonoran  insect  has  not  as  yet  been  taken  on  the  mainland 
of  Lower  California,  although  it  must  surely  occur  there  since  it  has  been 
found  on  Carmen  Island.. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas  to  southern 
California ;  central  and  northern  Mexico ;  Gulf  of  California :  Carmen  Island^ 


(77)  Taranomis  pallida  (Schaeffer) 

Ischocnemis  pallida  Schaeffer,  1905,  Mus.  Brooklyn.  Inst.  Arts  Sci,,  Bull.  1:  132^ 
Taranomisl  pallida,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3  :  334. 

Spliaenotliecus  C^Entomosterna)  pallidus,  Leng,  1920,  Catal.  Coleopt.  N.  Am.,  p.  280. 
Sphaenothecus  pallidus,  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  61  (record)^. 

Ischocnemis  pallida  Schaeffer  may  not  be  strictly  congeneric  with  the  pre- 
ceding species  since  the  prosternum  is  not  protuberant,  but  it  seems  better 
referable  to  Taranomis  than  to  any  of  the  genera  with  which  it  has  been  previ- 
ously associated.  In  addition  to  the  differences  in  the  prosternum,  pallida 
may  be  distinguished  from  hivittata  by  its  smaller  size,  more  robust  form, 
densely,  finely  punctate  abdomen,  and  the  shorter,  more  stronglj^  serrate 
antennae  of  the  female. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif  ornial 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  Santa  Rosa\,  Agua  Verde' ;  Gulf 
of  California  :  Tiburon  Island",  San  Jose  Island^ 

Host :  Cercidinm\ 


64  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(78)  Parevander  xanthomelas  (Guerin) 

Amphidesmus  xanthomelas  Gu/:rin,  1844,  Eev.  Zool.,  1844:  258^;  Guerin,  1844,  Mag.  Zool., 

XIV,  Ins.,  p.  3,  pi.  146;  Horn,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:  150  (record)^ 
Evander  xanthomelas,  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  5  :  72^ 
Parevander  xanthomelas,  Aurivillius,  1912,  Coleopt.  Catal.,  39:  453. 

This  species  was  recorded  from  Lower  California  by  Horn  on  the  basis  of 
specimens  in  the  Jardin  des  Plantes,  Paris.  I  have  not  seen  any  examples  from 
the  peninsula.  The  species  is  rather  common  in  southern  and  central  Mexico. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Guatemala^ ;  Mexico'''  ^ ;  Lower  California". 

(79)  Dendrobias  mandibularis  Serville 

Dendrobias  mandihularis  Serville,  1834,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  3:  42^;  Dupont,  1836, 
Mag.  Zool.,  6:  23,  pi.  151,  f.  1;  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  61,  pi.  2,  f.  6;  Horn,  1894, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record) ^j  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3:  315; 
Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31:  325  (record)^;  Craighead,  1922,  Can. 
Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.,  27:  81^ 

Trachyderes  mandibularis,  Castelnau,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  Coleopt.,  2 :  416. 

Dendrobias  quadrimaculatus  Dupont,  1836,  Mag.  Zool.,  6 :  22,  pi.  151,  f.  2. 

Dendrobias  4-maculatus,  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1861 :  335  (record)". 

Dendrobias  peninsidaris  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  316,  n.  syn. 

Only  one  example  of  this  widespread  and  well  known  species  was  taken 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Additional  Lower  California  material  has  been 
seen  from  the  following  localities:  Eureka  Ranch  (C.A.S.),  Santa  Rosa 
(Beyer,  C.A.S.),  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.). 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Southwestern  United  States :  Texas  to  southern 
California ;  Mexico ;  Lower  California^ :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^,  Cape  Region  be- 
tween San  Jose  and  Triunf  o^ 

New  Record :  Loreto,  June  20. 

Hosts :  Parkinso7iia%  Salix. 

(80)  Lissonotus  flavocinctus  puncticoUis  (Bates) 

Lissonotus  multifasciatus  var.  puncticoUis  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5: 

3331. 
Lissonotus  midtifasciatus,  Leng,  1886,  Entom.  Amer.,  2:  62,  pi.  3,  f.  7^;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  338  (record)^;  Grossbeck,  1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31: 

325  (record) ^ 
Lissonotus  lucanus  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3 :  317^,  n.  syn. 

This  species  is  extremely  variable  in  size,  coloration,  and  punctation,  but 
apparently  the  Lower  California  forms,  to  which  Bates  gave  the  name  puncti- 
coUis^ are  sufficiently  distinct  for  subspecific  recognition. 

Type  locality :  "Cape  St.  Lucas,  Californie"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  northern  Mexico ;  southwestern  United  States : 
Arizona^  California" ;  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas\  San  Jose  del 
Cabo"*'  ^ ;  Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunf  0'. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  65 

Lower  California  specimens  are  at  hand  from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  C.A.S., 
Leng-Cazier),  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.)?  and  the  Cape  Region  between  San 
Jose  and  Triunfo  (Leng-Cazier).  A  female  from  the  latter  "locality"  is  en- 
tirely black,  without  elytral  fasciae. 

(81)  Ipochus  f asciatus  LeConte 

Ipochus  f asciatus  LeConte,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  2:  167^;  Casey,  1891, 
Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  6:  45;  Lexg  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  104; 
Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  280;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:61  (record)-. 

Specimens  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  extend  the  range  of  this 
wingless  longicorn  southward  by  nearly  one  hundred  miles.  Casey  (1891, 
1913)  has  applied  names  to  a  number  of  forms  of  this  species  but  the  exact 
status  of  these  remain  to  be  determined.  The  series  of  specimens  at  hand, 
mostly  from  southern  California  on  a  wide  variety  of  hosts  {Quercus,  Jiiglans, 
Rhus,  Pinus,  etc.)  exhibits  a  great  deal  of  individual  variation,  none  of  which 
appears  to  be  geographically  or  host  specifically  segregable. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego,  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  California ;  Lower  California  :  San  Quin- 
tin^,  San  Martin  Island". 

New  Records :  19  miles  east  of  Rosario,  June  17 ;  10  miles  south  of  Punta 
Prieta,  June  21. 

(82)  Ipochus  insularis  Blaisdell 

Ipochus  insM^aj-is  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)  14:  340\ 

This  species  is  larger  than  f asciatus  and  may  be  separated  by  the  asperate 
eljrtra  and  different  pubescent  pattern.  Only  the  type  series  is  known  (eight 
examples  in  the  collection  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences) . 

Tvpe  localitv  :  Middle  San  Benito  Island\ 

(83)  Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  subrugosa Bland 

Monilema  suhrugosum  Bland,  1862,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1:  268^;  LeCqnte,  1873,  Smith- 
son.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  230;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^ 

Omoscylon  suhrugosum,  Thomson,  1876,  Physis,  1:  75. 

Monilema  {Collapteryx)  suhrugosum,  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  183,  187; 
Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23  :  105. 

Moneilema  {Collapteryx)  suhrugosa,  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  289. 

Moneilema  {Collapteryx)  suhrugosum,  Psota,  1930,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1:  136^,  pi.  8,  f.  3-8, 
pi.  21,  f .  1-3 ;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10  :  61  (record)*. 

Moneilema  {Collapteryx)  opaca  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  289. 

Moneilema  {Collapteryx)  lateralis  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  287^ 

In  this  species  the  pronotum  is  opaque  and  sparsely  punctured,  with  the 
punctures  coarser  and  closer  along  the  apical  and  basal  margins.  The  elytra 
are  subopaque  and  moderately  rugose,  the  antennae  usually  black,  occasionally 
with  the  fourth  segment  annulate.  It  is  apparently  restricted  to  the  Cape 
Region. 

Type  locality  :  "Cape  St.  Lucas' 


,"1 


66  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Kecorded  distribution:  Gulf  of  California:  Carmen  Island';  Lower  Cali- 
fornia :  San  Jose  del  Cabo",  Cape  San  Lucas^  El  Taste^,  San  Felipe^,  Santa 
Ilosa^ 

New  Records :  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13 ;  5  miles  south  of  Mira- 
flores,  July  10 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9. 

Host :  Lophocereus  australis  Brandigee. 

Twenty  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  all  on  the  above 
mentioned  species  of  cactus.  Additional  material  has  been  seen  from  Cai)e 
San  Lucas. 

(84)  Moneilema  (CoUapteryx)  rugosissima  Casey 

Moneilema  (CoUapteryx)  rugosissima  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11 :  288\ 
Moneilema  {Collayteryx)  su'brugosum,'PsoTA,  1930,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1:  136  (pars)^ 

M.  (C.)  rugosissima  Casey,  was  placed  by  Psota  (1930)  in  synonymy  with 
M.  (C.)  suhrugosa  Bland,  but  as  a  result  of  the  very  fine  series  (one  hundred 
and  twenty-six  specimens)  brought  back  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  it  is  now 
possible  to  determine  that  rugosissima  is  distinct  in  structure,  host,  and  dis- 
tribution. It  may  be  distinguished  readily  by  the  shining  pronotum  and  elytra, 
the  first  of  which  is  coarsely  closely  punctured,  the  latter  very  strongly  rugose. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

New  Records :  10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29 ;  Mesquital,  July  28 ;  25 
miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ; 
Venancio,  July  17. 

Host :  Lophocereus  schottii  (Engelmann) . 

This  species  was  found  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  only  in  the  arid  portion 
of  the  peninsula  northward  from  the  Cape  Region  on  Lophocereus  schottii 
but  other  specimens  have  been  seen  by  the  writer  from  the  type  locality,  Santa 
Rosa  (Beyer,  Leng-Cazier) . 

(85)  Moneilema  (CoUapteryx)  semipunctata  LeConte 

Monilema  semipun datum  LeConte,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  2:  167^;  Le- 
Conte, 1873,  Smithson.  Misc.,  Coll.,  XI,  264:  229. 

Monilema  (CoUapteryx)  semipunctatum,  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  183,  185^; 
Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^;  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  105. 

Moneilema  (CoUapteryx)  semipunctatum,  Psota,  1930,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1:  134;  Linsley, 
1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  61  (record)*. 

This  species  is  apparently  confined  to  the  Cape  Region.  The  pronotum  is 
punctured  with  fine  and  coarse  punctures  intermixed,  the  elytra  with  only  the 
basal  two-thirds  punctate.  The  sculpturing  of  the  antennal  scape  and  femora 
is  almost  as  strong  as  in  suhrugosa  Bland. 

Type  locality :  "Valecitas,  Calif ornia"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California  :  Valeeitas^,  San  Pedro*,  Cape  San 
Lucas^'  ^. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLET:  CEBAMBTCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  67 

(86)  Moneilema  (CoUapteryx)  sp. 

One  specimen,  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  three  miles  north  of  San 
Pedro,  July  6  differs  from  semipunctata  LeConte  in  the  stronger  lateral  spine 
of  the  pronotum,  and  by  having  the  pronotnm  and  elytra  as  closely  and  very 
nearly  as  coarsely  punctate  and  rugose  as  rugosissima  Casey.  Whether  this 
represents  a  distinct  species  or  merely  an  individual  variant,  it  is  impossible 
to  determine  on  the  basis  of  the  single  example. 

(87)  Moneilema  (Collapterj^)  michelbacheri  Linsley,  new  species 

Male:  Form  elongate,  robust;  color  black,  shining;  subgiabrous.  Head  ir- 
regularl}^  punctured ;  face  shining,  punctures  not  dense  but  varying  in  size 
and  spacing,  coarser  and  denser  laterally ;  vertex  dull,  punctures  of  moderate 
size,  separated  by  from  one  to  several  puncture  widths,  interspaces  micro- 
punctate  ;  antennae  attaining  apical  one-third  of  elytra,  without  pale  annula- 
tions,  segments  micropunctate  and  minutely  pubescent.  Pronotum  a  little 
wider  than  long,  sides  armed  with  a  blunt  lateral  spine ;  surface  shining, 
variably  punctate  but  with  the  majorit}^  of  the  punctures  small,  irregularly 
placed,  distinct,  larger  punctures  scattered,  most  numerous  at  base  and  apex, 
interspaces  micropunctate;  sides  of  pronotum  below  tubercle  very  coarsely, 
closely  punctured;  pro-,  meso-,  and  metasterna  finely  punctate.  Legs  robust; 
femora  finely  punctate ;  posterior  tibiae  coarsely  punctate  apically  and  clothed 
with  short,  suberect,  black  setae.  Elytra  elongate  oval,  shining ;  surface  strongly 
punctured  at  base  with  the  punctures  set  in  subangular  depressions,  finer  and 
more  scattered  over  apical  one-third,  interspaces  micropunctate.  Abdomen 
finely,  densely  punctured,  densely  clothed  with  very  fine,  obscure,  dark  pubes- 
cence. Length  18-24.5  mm. 

Female :  Generally  larger  and  a  little  more  robust ;  antennae  barely  sur- 
passing middle  of  elytra.  Length :  22-27  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5259,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5260),  and  twenty-seven  paratypes  from  fifteen  miles  north  of  Punta 
Prieta,  July  29,  1939,  on  Opuntia  higelovii.  Additional  paratypes :  two  speci- 
mens from  ten  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29,  1939,  one  from  fifteen  miles 
north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26,  one  from  twenty-five  miles  south  of  Santa 
Rosalia,  July  25,  and  four  examples  from  twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu, 
July  23.  All  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  two  specimens  from 
ten  miles  south  of  Catavina  were  captured  in  midmorning,  the  remainder  at 
night  as  a  result  of  searching  with  a  lantern. 

Related  to  M.  (C.)  semipunctata  LeConte  but  differing  by  having  the 
elytra  strongly  punctured  basally  and  fine  punctures  scattered  over  the  apical 
one-third.  M.  (C.)  spoliata  Horn  was  described  from  San  Borga,  which  is  in 
the  same  general  region,  but  in  that  species  the  antennae  are  annulate,  and 
the  pronotal  and  elytral  sculpturing  quite  different. 


68  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(88)  Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  spoliataHorn 

Monilema  (Collapteryx)  spoliatum  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  186^;  Leng  and 

Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  105. 
Monilema  spoliatum,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  spoliatum,  Psota,  1930,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1:   135^;  pi.  7,  f.  3-6, 

pi.  20  f .  1-2. 

No  lower  California  specimens  of  this  species  have  been  seen  by  the  writer. 
Examples  from  southern  California  referred  to  spoliatum  by  Psota  and  others 
vary  in  the  annulation  of  the  antennae,  but  in  all  of  the  specimens  at  hand,  at 
least  two  of  the  segments  from  three  to  seven  have  their  basal  halves  ringed 
with  white  pubescence.  The  apical  half  of  the  elytra  is  impunctate,  and  the 
lateral  pronotal  spine  short,  acute.  According  to  Psota,  spoUata  is  scarcely 
separable  from  M.  (C.)  forte  LeConte. 

Type  locality :  "Peninsula  of  California  near  the  northern  boundary.'" 
Recorded  distribution  :  southern  California^ ;  Lower  California  :  San  Borga". 

(89)  Moneilema  (CoUapteryic)  gigas  LeConte 

Monilema  gigas  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  230^ 

Monilema  (Collapteryx)  gigas,  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  183,  185;  Leng  and 

Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  105. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  gigas,  Psota,  1930,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1:  130-,  pi.  5,  f.  1-3,  pi.  19, 

f.  1-2;  LiNSLEY,  1934,Pan-Pac  Ent.  10:  61  (record)^ 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  constricta  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  285. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  uteana  Cas'ky,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  285*. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  pimalis  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  285. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  spinicollis  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  286. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  pollens  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4;  286. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  plectralis  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  286. 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  colossa  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  28y. 

Psota  (1930)  is  the  authority  for  the  above  synonymy  of  the  names  pro- 
posed by  Casey  (1913,1924). 

Type  locality :  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas",  New  Mexico^, 
Utah*,  Arizona^ ;  Mexico :  San  Pedro  Bay^ ;  Gulf  of  California :  San  Lorenzo 
Island^ 

(90)  Neoptychodes  trilineatus  (Linnaeus) 

Ceramhyx  trilineatus  Linnaeus,  1771,  Mant.  Plant.,  2:  532^;  Drury,  1770-73,  111.  Exot. 

Ins.,  1 :  91,  pi.  14,  fig.  1 ;  Fabricius,  1775,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  179. 
Stenocorus  trilineatus,  Fabricius,  1781,  Spec.  Ins.,  1 :  226. 
Ptychodes  trilineatus,  Castelnau,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  Coleopt.,  2:  480;  LeConte,  1852, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  (2)  2:  146^;  Chevrolat,  1862,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  (4) 

2:  255;  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer,,  Coleopt.,  5:  337;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 

Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^;  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  110; 

Heyne  and  Taschenberg,  1906,  Exot.  Kafer,  p.  241,  pi.  37,  f.  6;  Casey,  1913,  Mem 

Coleopt.,  4:  294;  Horton,  1917,  Jour.  Agr.  Ees.,  11:  371,  pis.  35-37  (biol.)*;  Craighead, 

1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  105  (biol.)^ 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CERAMBYCIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  69 

Neopiyclwdes  trilineatus,  Dillon  an<J  Dillon,  1941,  Heading  Mus.,  Sci.  Publ.,  1:  45;  pi.  3, 

f .  19,  20,  pi.  4,  f .  12«. 
Saperda  vittata  Fabricius,  1776,  Gen.  Ins.,  p.  231;  Fabricius,  1781,  Spec.  Ins.,  1:  233; 

Fabricius,  1787,  Mant.  Ins.,  2:  149;  Fabricius,  1792,  Ent.  Syst.,  1:  312;  Fabricius, 

1802,  Syst.  Eleuth.,  2 :  322. 
Ptychodes  vittatus,  Haldeman,  1847,  Trans.  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  10 :  53. 

This  widespread  tropical  and  subtropical  species  bores  in  dead  and  dying 
fig  trees.  A  good  account  of  its  habits  has  been  given  by  Horton  (1917) .  Lower 
California  examples  have  been  seen  from  El  Taste  (Leng-Cazier)  and  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.). 

Type  locality :  Jamaica. 

Recorded  distribution  :  South  America ;  Oceania  :  Tahiti;  Central  America ; 
West  Indies ;  Mexico ;  southern  and  southwestern  United  States :  Florida  to 
Arizona ;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo  ^'  ^,  La  Paz*',  El  Taste^ 

Hosts  :  Ficus'' ''  \  Alnus  "'  \  Moms''  \ 

(91)  Lagochirus  procerus  Casey 

Lag ocliirus  procerus  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  304\ 

Lagochirus  ohsoletus,  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  7:  117;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^. 
Lagocheiriis  ohsoletus,  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  115. 

This  species  was  identified  by  Horn  as  L.  ohsoletus  Thomson,  but  as  was 
pointed  out  by  Casey,  the  Lower  California  specimens  differ  from  the  Thomson 
species  by  having  the  post-median  elytral  fasciae  distinct.  In  addition,  the 
series  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Eoss,  as  well  as  all  other  specimens  that 
I  have  seen  from  the  peninsula,  average  from  six  to  eight  millimeters  longer 
than  ohsoletus  (as  represented  by  specimens  from  central  Mexico,  Tres  Marias 
Islands,  and  Hawaiian  Islands).  They  thus  resemble  L.  araeniformis  (Linn.) 
but  may  be  distinguished  by  the  annulate  antennae  and  form  of  the  elytra, 
which  are  punctured  over  ajDical  three-fourths,  and  have  simple,  non-muricate 
humeri,  feeble  discal  tufts,  and  usually  more  sharply  truncate  apices. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Kosa,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California :  Santa  Rosa\  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

New  records :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  July  24 ;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  3  miles  north  of  San 
Pedro,  July  6;  Mirafiores,  July  8 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  15. 

Host :  Elaphrium  sp. 

The  Michelbacher  and  Ross  specimens  were  mostly  cut  out  of  or  taken  on 
dead  Elaphrium.  Additional  material  has  been  seen  from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer, 
Leng-Cazier)  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (C.A.S.). 

(92)  Coenopoeus  niger  Horn 

Coenopoeus  niger  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  402^;  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans. 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  176. 

In  this  species  the  elytra  are  uniformly  black  and  more  coarsely,  closely 


70  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  See. 

punctured  than  in  C.  palmeri  (Lee).  In  ad'dition  to  the  type  series  I  have 
seen  numerous  specimens  in  various  collections  from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer). 
The  species  was  not  found  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  but  apparently  occurs 
in  the  mountains  of  the  Cape  Region. 

Lectotype :  No.  70,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Type  locality :  El  Chinche,  2000  ft. 

(93)  LeptostylusbiustusLeConte 

LeptostyJus  biustus  LeConte,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  2:  IGQ^;  LeConte, 
1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  233;  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8:  121; 
Horn,  1895,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  5:  228  (record)-;  Gahan,  1895,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc. 
Lond.,  1895:  134;  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  119;  Blatchlet, 
1910,  Coleopt.  Indiana,  p.  1072;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27:  116^ 

Exoeentrus  'biustus,  Chevrolat,  1862,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  (4)2:  249. 

Lower  California  specimens  of  this  species  have  not  been  seen  by  the  writer. 
It  is  apparently  very  widely  distributed  and  has  a  large  number  of  host  plants. 

Type  locality :  "Southern  and  Middle  States."^ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Atlantic  Coast  and  Southern  States ;  West  Indies ; 
Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo". 

Hosts :  Morns,  Rhus,  Mimosa,  Celtis,  etc."" 

(94)  Leiopus  crassulus  (LeConte) 

Sternidius  crassulus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  235\ 

Liopus  crassulus,  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8 :  124,  125 ;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,   (2)  4:   339   (record);  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc, 

23:  122. 
Leiopus  crassulus,  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  316. 

The  genus  Leiopus  is  in  great  need  of  revisional  study.  The  species  are 
numerous,  but  difficult  to  distinguish  by  tangible  characters.  L.  crassulus  was 
described  from  Lower  California,  and  various  species  from  eastern  North 
America  have  been  referred  to  it.  Most  of  these  species  resemble  Leptostylus 
biustus  LeConte  in  the  elytral  pattern  but  have  the  typical  form  of  Leiopus. 
The  present  species  has  the  form  of  Leptostylus  hiustus  but  not  the  elytral 
pattern.  Thus  far  I  have  seen  no  specimens  from  outside  of  Lower  California 
which  can,  in  my  opinion,  be  considered  crassulus  LeConte.  L.  mimeticus 
Casey,  which  has  been  improperly  treated  as  a  synonym,  is  distinct  in  the 
narrower  form,  denser  pubescence,  finer  punctation  of  the  pronotum  and 
base  of  the  elytra,  larger  pronotal  tubercles,  and  narrower  truncation  of  the 
elytral  apices. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

New  records  :  San  Domingo,  July  19  ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  19 ; 
15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  24 ;  and  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio, 
July  27. 

Most  of  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross  specimens  were  captured  at  light. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  71 

(95)  Leiopus  rosaliae  Linsley,  new  species 

Form  small,  robust;  color  reddish  brown;  pubescence  short,  depressed, 
dense,  uniformly  white,  without  any  erect  scales.  Head  minutely,  closely 
punctured,  densely  clothed  with  white  pubescence ;  antennae  longer  than  the 
body,  segments  annulated,  scape  slender,  third  segment  scarcely  longer  than 
fourth,  remaining  segments  decreasing  gradually  in  length.  Pronotum  trans- 
verse, sides  oblique  to  apex  of  lateral  spines;  lateral  spines  acute;  surface 
shining  where  denuded,  coarsely  but  not  regularly  or  closely  punctured,  the 
punctures  elongated  longitudinally,  varying  from  nearly  adjoining  to  sev- 
eral puncture  widths  apart ;  pubescence  dense ;  prosternum  rugoso-punctate, 
pubescent;  mesosternum  with  intercoxal  process  nearly  as  wide  as  inter- 
mediate coxae;  metasternum  and  metepisterna  finely,  closely  punctured, 
densely  pubescent ;  scutellum  transverse,  broadly  rounded  posteriorly,  finely 
punctate,  white  pubescent.  Legs  robust,  finely,  closely  punctured,  densely 
clothed  with  appressed  white  hairs ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  longer 
than  following  two  together.  Elytra  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  not 
perceptably  smaller  apically;  pubescence  dense,  uniformly  white,  without 
spots  of  erect,  black  setae ;  apices  obliquely  truncate.  Abdomen  finely,  closely 
punctured,  densely  clothed  with  white  pubescence.  Length :  4.75  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  5261,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  twelve  miles  south 
of  Santa  Rosalia  July  27, 1938,  collected  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

This  species  may  be  readily  recognized  by  the  uniform  white  pubescence 
and  absence  of  tufts  of  erect  scales  on  the  elytra.  It  is  of  the  size  and  form  of 
L.  alpha  (Say),  but,  in  addition  to  the  different  style  of  ornamentation,  it 
may  be  separated  from  that  species  by  the  broad  mesosternum  and  transverse 
scutellum  which  is  broadl}^  rounded  posteriorly. 

(96)  Leiopus  rossi  Linsley,  new  species 

Female :  Form  moderately  elongate,  small ;  color  dark  brown ;  pubescence 
variegated,  white,  brownish,  and  black.  Head  finely  punctate  with  a  few  coarse 
punctures  on  vertex  between  eyes,  pubescence  mostly  white,  fine,  appressed, 
not  concealing  surface ;  antennae  distinctly  longer  than  body,  segments  varie- 
gated and  annulated,  third  segment  longer  than  fourth  segment.  Pronotum 
transverse,  sides  nearly  straight  in  front  of  lateral  spines;  lateral  spines  blunt ; 
surface  moderate^  finely,  regularly  punctured  with  scattered,  coarser  punc- 
tures intermixed,  interspaces  micropunctate ;  pubescence  fine,  white,  de- 
pressed ;  partially  obscuring  surface ;  pro-,  meso-,  and  metasterna  finely, 
closely  punctate,  clothed  with  white  pubescence ;  intercoxal  process  of  meso- 
sternum twice  as  wide  as  that  of  prosternum,  nearly  as  broad  as  intermediate 
coxae,  scutellum  transverse,  broadly  rounded  posteriorly.  Legs  moderately 
robust,  finely  punctate,  clothed  with  white  pubescence.  Elytra  moderately 
coarsely  but  not  closely  punctate,  interspaces  micropunctate ;  surface  with  a 
very  few  small  spots  of  suberect  black  setae,  pubescence  white,  depressed, 


72  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

partially  obscuring  surface,  with  a  post-median  black  band  forming  an  angle 
at  the  suture  and  thence  running  obliquely  backward  to  the  lateral  margins 
and  bounded  anteriorly  by  a  dense  band  of  white  pubescence,  and  a  short 
longitudinal  black  band  on  each  elytron  a  little  less  than  one-half  distance 
from  oblique  pubescent  fascia  to  apex;  apices  truncate.  Abdomen  finely, 
densely,  punctate,  densely  clothed  with  white  pubescence.  Length :  4.5  mm. 
Holotype,  female  (No.  5262,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Comondu,  July 

22. 1938,  collected  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

This  species  resembles  Leiopus  alpha  Say  in  size  and  form,  but  differs  in  the 

less  coarsel}^  punctured  pronotum,  obtuse  lateral  pronotal  spines,  wide  inter- 

coxal  process  of  the  mesosternum,  and  the  transverse,  broadly  rounded  scu- 

tellum. 

(97)  Leiopus  gracilipes  Linsley,  new  species 

Male:  Form  moderately  elongate,  small;  color  dark  brown;  pubescence 
variegated,  white,  brownish,  and  black.  Head  finely  punctured,  area  between 
eyes  on  vertex  finely  punctured,  shining ;  pubescence  mostly  white,  yellowish 
on  vertex ;  antennae  one  and  one-third  times  as  long  as  body,  segments  varie- 
gated and  annulated,  third  segment  longer  than  fourth.  Pronotum  transverse, 
sides  oblique  to  lateral  spines,  lateral  spines  blunt;  surface  shining,  finely 
punctuate  with  elongated,  coarse  punctures  superimposed,  the  coarse  punc- 
tures mostly  several  diameters  apart;  pubescence  white  and  yellowish,  not 
concealing  surface;  pro-,  meso-,  and  metasterna  finely,  closely  punctate, 
clothed  with  white  pubescence;  intercoxal  process  of  mesosternum  twice  as 
wide  as  that  of  prosternum,  nearly  as  broad  as  intermediate  coxae ;  scutellum 
transverse,  broadly  rounded  posteriorly.  Legs  moderately  robust,  finely  punc- 
tate, clothed  with  white  pubescence,  posterior  tarsi  slender.  Elytra  moderately 
coarsely  but  not  closely  punctured,  interspaces  micropunctate ;  surface  clothed 
with  depressed  white  pubescence  with  a  more  or  less  distinct  tubercle  on  each' 
side  at  base  crested  with  black  setae,  and  scattered  small  spots  of  suberect 
black  setae,  postmedian  black  band  forming  an  angle  at  the  suture,  bounded 
anteriorly  by  a  strip  of  dense  white  pubescence ;  apices  very  feebly  truncate. 
Abdomen  finely,  densely  punctate,  densely  clothed  with  white  pubescence. 
Length :  4  mm, 

Holotijpe,  male  (No.  5263,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Triunfo,  July 

13. 1939,  collected  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

L.  gracilipes  is  related  to  L.  rossi  Linsley  and  resembles  that  species  closely 
in  size,  form,  and  elytral  pattern  but  may  be  distinguished  by  having  the  area 
between  the  eyes  on  the  vertex  shining  and  finely  punctured,  more  slender 
tarsi,  and  more  numerous  tufts  of  erect  and  suberect  black  scales  on  the  elytra. 

(98)  Leiopus  sp. 

A  single  specimen  with  broken  antennae,  belonging  to  the  group  of  L.  rossi 
Linsley  and  L.  gracilipes  Linsley,  but  more  robust  and  with  a  different  elytral 
pattern,  was  taken  by  Ross  and  Michelbacher  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  on 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  73 

July  15, 1938.  Apparently  the  specimen  represents  a  species  distinct  from  any 
others  recorded  in  the  present  paper. 

(99)  Leiopus  nivosus  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate4,  fig.  10) 

Male:  Form  elongate  oval;  color  reddish  brown;  pubescence  very  dense, 
short,  appressed,  scale-like,  white,  with  a  few  patches  of  brownish  scales  and 
tufts  of  black  on  the  elytra,  tarsi  black.  Head  very  densely  pubescent,  puncta- 
tion  completely  obscured ;  antennae  about  one  and  one-third  times  as  long  as 
body,  densely  pubescent,  segments  four  to  six  without  distinct  annulations, 
third  segment  barely  longer  than  fourth  segment.  Pronotum  transverse,  sides 
oblique  to  apex  of  lateral  spines,  lateral  spines  blunt,  posterior  margin  at 
right  angle  to  the  parallel-sided  basal  constriction ;  surface  very  densely  cov- 
ered with  white  scales,  with  three  patches  of  brown  scales  arranged  in  a  tri- 
angle on  disk;  punctation  obscured  by  scales;  prosternum  densely  clothed 
with  white  scales,  intercoxal  process  broad,  more  than  one-third  the  width  of 
anterior  coxae;  mesosternal  process  at  least  three-fourths  as  wide  as  inter- 
mediate coxae;  scutellum  transverse,  broadly  rounded  posteriorly.  Legs  ro- 
bust, finely  punctate,  densely  pubescent ;  apices  of  tibiae  black  and  clothed 
with  coarse,  suberect,  black  setae ;  tarsi  black,  clothed  with  black  hairs ;  first 
segment  of  posterior  pair  longer  than  following  two  together.  Elytra  densely 
clothed  with  white  scales  and  with  scattered,  small,  round  spots  of  suberect 
black  scales,  a  dark  streak  in  lateral  elytral  declivity,  and  an  oval,  oblique, 
black  patch  on  each  side  of  suture  just  behind  middle ;  apices  obliquely  trun- 
cate. Abdomen  densely  clothed  with  white  scales.  Length :  5-6  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5264,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent)  and  one  paratype 
male  from  Venancio,  July  17,  1938.  Additional  paratypes  :  one  example  from 
fifteen  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4,  and  one  from  five  miles  south  of  San 
Miguel,  July  20,  1938.  All  specimens  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  fine  species  may  be  readily  known  by  the  very  dense,  white  scale  cover- 
ing and  the  arrangement  of  black  spots  on  the  elytra.  Although  it  would  not 
be  a  Leiopus  in  the  sense  of  Bates,  it  seems  best  to  refer  it  to  that  genus  for 
the  present  or  until  such  time  as  this  difficult  group  can  be  revised  generically 
in  the  light  of  the  Neotropical  fauna. 

(100)  Mecotetartus  antennatus  Bates 

Mecotetartus  antennatus  Bates,  1872,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1872:  213^;  Horn,  1874, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:  150  (sjti.)  ;  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8:  126;  Bates, 
1881,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  156,  pi.  12,  f.  14;  Horn,  1894,  Proc  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^;  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  126. 

Eutessus  asper  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  236^ 

The  antennae  in  this  species  vary  from  three  to  five  times  as  long  as  the 
body  in  the  male,  and  from  one  and  one-half  to  twice  as  long  as  the  body  in  the 
female.  In  one  male  at  hand,  the  fourth  antennal  segment  alone  is  twice  as 
long  as  the  rest  of  the  insect. 


74  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality :  Chontales,  Nicaragua\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Nicaragua ;  Lower  California :  Sierra  El  Chinche", 
Cape  San  Lucasl 

New  records :  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6 ;  Triunfo,  July  13 ;  San- 
tiago, July  8 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  15. 

Michelbacher  and  Ross  found  this  species  only  in  the  Cape  Region.  Adults 
were  captured  at  night  on  trunks  of  fallen  trees. 

(101)  Dectes  spinosus  (Say) 

Lamia  spinosa  Say,  1827,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  5:  271\ 

Dectes  spinosus,  LeConte,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (2)  2:  144;  Horn,  1880, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8:  126  Horn,  1895,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  5:  228  (record)^; 

Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  126%-  Blatchley,  1910,  Coleopt. 

Indiana,  p.  1075;  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  342;  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept. 

Agr.,  Bull.  27 :  114'. 

This  widespread  species  bores  in  the  stems  of  the  Compositae,  and  was  re- 
corded from  Lower  California  by  Horn.  I  have  seen  no  peninsular  specimens. 

Type  locality :  Pennsylvania\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Atlantic  and  Southern  States  to  southern  Califor- 
nia ;  Lower  California  :  Sierra  San  Lazaro^. 

Hosts :  Amhrosia^,  Eupatorium\  Xanthium\  etc. 

(102)  Acanthoderes  peninsularis  Horn 

(Plate  5,  fig.  4) 

Acanthoderes  peninsularis  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8:  116^;  Horn,  1894,  Proc 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  339  (record)^;  Leng  and  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  23:  114;  Schaepfer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1:  345^;  Grossbeck, 
1912,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  31:  325  (record) %•  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac  Ent.,  10:  62 
(record) ^ 

In  the  series  of  eighty-three  specimensat  hand,  two  forms  of  this  species  are 
apparent.  Those  from  the  Cape  Region  are  more  robust,  with  the  integument 
reddish  brown  and  the  elytral  pattern  less  clearly  defined.  This  is  the  form 
which  was  described  by  Horn,  and  was  taken  in  numbers  by  Ross  and  Michel- 
bacher on  Pachycereus  pecten-ahoriginum.  The  second  type  occurs  north  of 
the  Cape  Region  and  extends  into  southern  Arizona.  It  has  the  integument 
black,  the  form  more  elongate,  and  the  elytral  pattern  very  clearly  defined, 
and  was  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  Pachycereus  pringlei.  Both  types 
were  also  occasionally  captured  at  light. 

Type  locality :  "Peninsula  of  Lower  California".^ 

Recorded  distribution:  New  Mexico^,  Arizona^;  Lower  California:  San 
Martin  Island^,  Cape  Region  between  San  Jose  and  Triunfo^  San  Jose  del 
Cabo'. 

New  records:  14  miles  south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  June  23;  45  miles  north  of 
San  Ignacio,  July  27 ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24 ;  Venancio,  July 
17 ;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ; 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  75 

3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6  ;  3  miles  north  of  Triunf  o,  July  15  ;  Triunf  o, 
July  13;  Santiago,  July  8;  Miraflores,  July  8;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10. 

In  addition  to  the  above  material,  I  have  seen  specimens  from  Cape  San 
Lucas  (C.A.S.),  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer),  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Leng-Cazier)  in 
Lower  California,  Cuernavaca  and  Venedio  on  the  mainland  of  Mexico 
(C.A.S.)  and  Nogales  in  southern  Arizona  (Linsley) . 

(103)  Peritapnia  nudicornis  (Bates) 

Tapaeina  (?)  nudicornis  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr-Ainer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  421\ 
Tapeina  nudicornis,  Horn,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:  340-. 

Peritapnia  nudicornis,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  403;  Linsley,  1934, 
Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  62  (record)'. 

In  the  genus  Feritapnia  antennae  of  the  males  are  heavier  than  those  of  the 
females  with  the  basal  segments  swollen,  the  anterior  femora  are  toothed,  and 
the  fifth  abdominal  sternite  is  simple.  In  the  female  the  fifth  sternite  is  exca- 
vated subapically  with  the  excavation  bounded  posteriorly  by  a  transverse, 
slightly  arcuate  carina.  The  present  species  is  more  or  less  shining,  black,  wdth 
the  elytra  sparsely,  irregularly  punctured,  the  abdomen  polished,  and  the 
intercoxal  process  of  the  prosternum  usually  about  two-thirds  as  wide  as  the 
coxae.  However,  in  the  series  of  thirty-eight  specimens  taken  by  ]\Iichelbacher 
and  Ross  all  of  these  characters  exhibit  some  variation. 

Type  locality  :  Oaxaca,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution:  southern  Mexico;  Gulf  of  California:  San  Jose 
Island^ ;  Lower  California  :  Sierra  El  Chinche". 

New  records :  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  20  miles  northwest  of 
La  Paz,  July  16 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5  ;  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro, 
July  6;  Todos  Santos,  July  15;  San  Bartolo,  July  13;  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
July  13 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9 ;  and  8  miles  north- 
east of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10. 

Host :  Elaphrium. 

All  but  four  of  the  examples  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  were  captured 
in  the  Cape  Region.  Some  of  the  specimens  were  taken  under  bark  of  Elaph- 
rium. 

(104)  Peritapnia  fabra  Horn 

Peritapnia  fahra  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  404^;  Leng  and  Hamilton, 
1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  134;  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:  177 
(syn.). 

Acanthoderes  wicTcliami  Leng,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  114-. 

This  species  differs  from  the  preceding  in  its  larger  size,  dull  brown  color, 
more  regularly  punctured  elytra,  and  the  very  narrow  intercoxal  process  of 
the  prosternum.  How^ever,  in  the  series  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  there 
are  two  types,  forms  Avhich  agree  with  those  from  southern  Arizona  described 
by  Horn,  and  forms  which  agree  rather  closely  with  P.  nudicornis  (Bates)  in 


76  .  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

the  type  of  elytral  punctation^  have  reddish  legs,  and  opaque  abdomen,  and 
the  prosternal  process  about  one-half  as  wide  as  the  coxa  (usually  about  one- 
fourth  as  wide  as  coxa  in  fahra,  two-thirds  as  wide  in  nudicornis).  At  first  I 
was  inclined  to  consider  these  a  distinct  species,  but  an  examination  of  the 
entire  series  of  all  three  forms  (including  nudicornis)  revealed  so  much 
variation  and  apparently  little  geographical  or  host  correlation  that  it  seemed 
best  to  group  them  for  the  present  under  but  two  names.  However,  P.  fahra 
(Horn)  has  been  taken  on  Opimtia  in  Arizona,  some  of  the  specimens  below 
were  removed  from  Elephant  AVood  {Veatchia  discolor),  and  a  portion  of  the 
series  of  nudicornis  was  captured  under  bark  of  Elaplirium.  These  facts  sug- 
gest that  the  Avhole  complex  requires  further  studj^  from  both  the  biological 
and  taxonomic  standpoint. 

Type  locality :  "Arizona,  south  of  Tucson"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona  :  Tucson  Mountains". 

Host :  Opuntia',  Veatchia  discolor,  (Michelbacher  and  Ross). 

New  records :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  21 ;  45  miles  north  of 
San  Ignacio,  July  27  ;  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  Coyote  Cove, 
Concepcion  Bay,  July  24;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4. 

Whereas  P.  nudicornis  (Bates)  was  found  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  mainly 
in  the  Cape  Region,  P.  fa'bra  Horn  was  taken  only  in  the  area  north  of  the 
Cape.  The  only  locality  where  both  species  were  taken  together  was  fifteen 
miles  north  of  El  Refugio.  This  species  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from 
Lower  California. 

(105)  Oncideres  rhodosticta  Bates 

Oncideres  rJiodosticta  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.  Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  367^;  Linsley,  1940, 

Jour.  Econ.  Ent.,  33:  562  (syn.). 
Oncideres  piitator,  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  195^;  Schaeffer,  1906,  Can. 

Ent.,  38:  19. 
Oncideres  cingulatiis,  Hamilton,  1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent,  Soc,  23:  141  (pars). 
Oncideres  trinodata  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4:  352^ 
Oncideres  sp.,  Craighead,  1923,  Can.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bull.  27 :  132^ 
Oncideres  pustidatus,  Essig,  1926,  Ins.  West.  No.  Amer.,  p.  460,  fig.  368. 

The  name  Oncideres  is  femine  and  was  properly  used  by  Horn  and  Casey. 
The  present  species  may  be  readily  recognized  by  the  three  callosities  in  a 
transverse  row  on  the  pronotum,  pale  ante-median  fascia  of  the  elytra,  and 
the  yellowish  or  tawny  spots  with  which  the  elytral  pubescence  is  variegated. 
The  species  girdles  mesquite  in  southwestern  United  States  and  northern 
Mexico.  I  have  seen  numerous  examples  from  southern  Arizona  and  northern 
Sonora  and  a  single  specimen  labelled  simply  "L.Cal.". 

Tj^pe  locality :  Lerdo,  Mexico'. 

Recorded  distribution:  southwestern  United  States':  Texas'',  Arizona^; 
Mexico :  Lerdo\ 

Hosts :  Frosopis\  Sarcohatus\ 


Vol.  XXIV]  LIXSLEY:  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  77 

(106)  Ataxia  setulosa  Fall 

Ataxia  setulosa  Fall,  1907,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  15 :  84.^ 

The  form  of  the  -eh'tral  pubescence  in  this  species  makes  it  very  easily  rec- 
ognized. The  vestiture  is  recumbent  and  ocherous  with  an  intermixture  of 
fascicles  of  white  hairs.  Tw^o  specimens,  topotypical  have  been  seen  (Bej-er, 
Leng-Cazier). 

Type  locality  :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California.^ 

(107)  Ataxia  arizonica  Fisher 

Ataxia  arizonica  Fisher,  1920,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  22:  158^;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac. 
Ent.,  10:  63  (record)-. 

The  Lower  California  examples  of  this  species  which  I  have  seen  all  differ 
from  the  typical  form  in  the  very  dense  pubescence  Avhicli  completely  obscures 
the  surface  and  the  punctation.  The  basal  pubescence  of  the  elytra  and  the 
lateral  pronotal  pubescence  is  almost  entirely  white.  The  Arizona  material 
at  hand  (three  specimens  from  Globe)  is  too  limited  to  indicate  whether  or 
not  these  represent  a  different  subspecies. 

T^'pe  locality  :  Sabino  Canyon,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona ;  Lower  California  :  San  Nicolas  Bayl 

New  records :  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Venancio,  July  17 ;  20 
miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16 ;  15  miles  w^est  of  La  Paz,  July  5. 

Nine  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  mostly  at  light. 

(108)  Estoloides  sordida  (LeConte) 

(Plates,  fig.  3) 

Pogonocherus^  sordidus  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  237^ 
Estola  sordida,  Horn,  1874,  Trans,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:  150;  Horn,  1878,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  7:  43;  Horn,  1894,  Proc  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  340  (record)-;  Leng  and  Ham- 
ilton, 1596,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23:   134;  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(4)  14:341  (record)^;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  63  (record) \ 

In  this  species  the  integument  is  reddish  brown,  the  pubescence  very  dense, 
completely  obscuring  the  surface,  variegated,  the  antennal  scape  very  nearly 
attains  the  base  of  the  pronotal  tubercles,  and  the  tubercles  are  obtuse. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Gulf  of  California  :  Ildef onso  Island' ;  Lower  Cali- 
fornia :  Cape  San  Lucas\  San  Jose  del  Cabo' ;  Cedros  Island^'. 

New  records :  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29 ;  45  miles  north  of 
San  Ignacio,  July  27  ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Triunfo,  July  13. 

Eight  specimens  were  taken  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  mainly 
north  of  the  Cape  Region.  The  Triunfo  specimen  is  reddish  brown  rather  than 
dirty  gray.  In  addition  to  the  material  captured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  I 
have  seen  examples  from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer,  Leng-Cazier),  Ildefonso  Island 
(C.A.S.),  Cedros  Island  (C.A.S.),  and  Venedio,  Sinaloa  (C.A.S.). 


78  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(109)  Estoloides  sparsa  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  5,  fig.  2) 

Male  :  Form  robust ;  color  piceous,  dullish ;  vestiture  short,  sparse,  uniform, 
gray,  depressed,  with  a  few,  scattered,  erect,  black  hairs  intermixed.  Head 
very  coarsely,  irregularly  punctate,  the  punctures  mostly  contiguous  or  sepa- 
rated by  less  than  the  diameter  of  a  single  puncture,  interspaces  feebly  shin- 
ing, micropunctate,  sparsely  clothed  with  pale  pubescence  which  does  not  ob- 
scure the  surface ;  antennae  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  body,  seg- 
ments finely,  closely  punctured  and  pubescent,  segments  three  to  eleven  annu- 
lated  with  black  at  apex,  scape  robust,  subconical,  second  segment  not  quite 
as  long  as  broad,  third  segment  one  and  one-third  times  as  long  as  scape, 
fourth  segment  a  little  shorter  than  third,  fifth  segment  a  little  more  than 
one-half  as  long  as  fourth,  segments  six  to  eleven  subequal  in  length;  eyes 
moderately  coarsely  granulated,  lower  lobe  wider  than  vertical  length.  Pro- 
notiim  transverse ;  lateral  tubercles  slender,  acute ;  surface  coarsely,  irregu- 
larly punctured,  the  punctures  closer,  subcontiguous  at  middle  of  disk,  inter- 
spaces dullish,  very  finely  punctate,  clothed  with  fine,  pale  pubescence  which 
does  not  obscure  the  surface;  prosternum  feebly  shining,  with  a  few  coarse 
punctures  in  a  transverse  row  in  front  of  coxae,  anterior  margin  finely 
wrinkled;  scutellum  rounded  behind,  finely  punctured,  moderately  densely 
clothed  with  fine,  prostrate,  white  pubescence.  Elytra  coarsely  and  more  or 
less  linearly  punctured,  the  punctures  becoming  a  little  smaller  and  sparser 
apically,  interspaces  dullish,  micropunctate;  pubescence  fine,  sparse,  uni- 
formly pale,  not  variegated,  not  obscuring  surface;  apices  rounded.  Legs 
feebly  shining,  very  minutely  punctured,  with  a  very  few,  scattered,  coarse 
punctures;  pubescence  fine,  pale,  uniform,  not  concealing  the  surface;  pos- 
terior tarsi  with  first  segment  nearly  as  long  as  the  two  following  together. 
Abdomen  dullish,  tergites  minutely  punctured  with  irregularly  spaced,  coarse 
punctures  superimposed,  pubescence  uniform,  pale,  not  concealing  surface; 
fifth  sternite  broadly  rounded  at  apex.  Length  :  8-10  mm. 

Female :  Antennae  nearly  as  long  as  the  body ;  fifth  abdominal  sternite 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  fourth,  truncate  at  apex.  Length  :  10-11  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5265,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5266) ,  and  nine  paratypes,  from  fifteen  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July 
29,  all  collected  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  is  related  to  E.  sordida  (LeConte),  but  differs  in  the  more 
slender  and  very  acute  lateral  spines  of  the  pronotum,  shorter  antennal  scape 
which  falls  far  short  of  the  base  of  the  pronotal  tubercle,  the  darker  integu- 
ment, and  the  uniform,  pale  pubescence  which  does  not  obscure  the  surface. 

(110)  Estola  tigrina  (Skinner) 

(Plate  5,  fig.  1) 
Lypsimena  tigrina  Skinner,  1905,  Ent.  News,  16 :  291\ 
Estola  tigrina,  Schaeefer,  1908,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1 :  331  (list)  ;  Knull, 

1937,  Ohio  Jour.  Sci.,  37:  308  (record)-. 
Estola  picta  Schaeffer,  1906,  Can.  Ent.,  38 :  21. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEEAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  79 

It  can  hardly  be  said  that  this  species  has  been  described.  Skinner  gave  no 
structural  characters,  the  inference  being  that  its  structure  was  that  of  the 
genus  Lypsimenaf  since  he  placed  it  there  without  comment.  Schaeffer  (1906) 
mentioned  one  or  two  structures  of  generic  importance,  but  again  gave  none 
of  its  specific  characters  other  than  the  elytral  pattern  to  which  Skinner  had 
confined  his  remarks.  The  following  description  is  based  on  a  female  taken 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Female  :  Form  elongate,  moderately  robust,  somewhat  flattened ;  color  red- 
dish-brown and  black;  vestiture  grayish  and  black.  Head  finely  punctured, 
except  middle  of  vertex  which  is  polished,  glabrous,  impunctate ;  pubescence 
moderately  dense,  fine,  grayish- white,  prostrate,  not  obscuring  the  surface; 
antennae  a  little  longer  than  the  body,  segments  finely,  densely  punctured  and 
pubescent,  scape  subconical,  clothed  with  white  pubescence  variegated  with 
black,  segments  two  to  ten  annulated  with  black  at  apex,  second  segment  one 
and  one-half  times  as  long  as  broad,  third  segment  nearly  four  times  as  long 
as  second,  fourth  barely  longer  than  third,  remaining  segments  gradually 
decreasing  in  length  toward  apex;  eyes  moderately  coarsely  granulated, 
lower  lobe  narrower  than  vertical  width.  Pronotum  transverse;  lateral 
tubercles  obtuse ;  integument  reddish  brown  with  a  dense,  oval,  black  spot  on 
each  side  of  disk,  a  similar  spot  on  each  lateral  tubercle,  and  an  ill  defined 
spot  medially  on  posterior  disk ;  pubescence  fine,  prostrate,  white  except  on 
the  black  integumental  spots  w^here  it  is  black ;  surface  finely,  closely  punc- 
tured with  numerous  coarse  punctures  superimposed,  these  latter  mostly 
less  than  one  puncture  width  apart ;  scutellum  rounded  behind,  white  pubes- 
cent; prosternum  fineh^  punctured  and  clothed  with  prostrate  white  hairs; 
mesosternum  rather  prominent,  abruptly  declivous.  Elytra  finely,  closely 
punctured  with  coarse  punctures  superimposed,  the  latter  larger  and  closer 
basally  where  they  are  mostly  from  one  to  two  puncture  widths  apart,  smaller 
sparser  apically  where  they  are  several  widths  apart;  integument  reddish 
brown  wdth  irregularly,  more  or  less  longitudinal,  black  markings  in  four 
transverse  rows,  one  basal,  one  ante-median,  one  post-median,  one  subapical, 
the  ante-  and  post-median  rows  tending  to  become  transversely  confluent; 
pubescence  whitish  on  paler  areas,  black  on  dark  areas;  apices  rounded  or 
feebly  truncate.  Legs  finely  punctured,  clothed  with  white  pubescence  except 
for  a  few  oval  black  spots ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment  about  one  and 
one-third  times  as  long  as  second.  Abdomen  with  sternites  reddish  at  middle 
and  along  apical  margin,  black  basally  and  laterally,  finely  closely  punctured, 
clothed  with  white,  prostrate  hairs.  Length :  9  mm. 

Type  locality :  Carr  Canyon,  Huachuca  Mts.,  Arizona^. 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  Texas\  Arizona. 

New^  record :  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10. 

Host :  Cercidium^. 

This  species  belongs  in  a  different  group  from  the  two  preceding,  char- 
acterized by  the  more  elongate,  less  robust  form,  narrow  lower  lobe  of  the 


80  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

eyes,  and  the  less  sloping  mesosternum.  Its  assignment  to  Estola,  however, 
needs  further  confirmation. 

(Ill)  Ecyrus  pacificus  Linsley,  new  species 

Male :  Form  robust ;  color  black ;  vestiture  variegated,  grayish,  whitish, 
brownish,  and  black.  Head  finely  punctured,  pubescence  mottled  gray  and 
brown,  upper  frons  bituberculate,  the  tubercles  clothed  with  short,  dense, 
black  hairs;  antennae  about  one  and  one-fourth  times  as  long  as  the  body, 
segments  narrowly  annulated  with  white  at  base,  scape  moderately  robust, 
fineh^,  closely  punctured.  Pronotum  wider  than  long,  about  equally  wide  at 
base  and  apex,  sides  feebly  bituberculate ;  surface  finely  punctured,  the  pubes- 
cence mottled,  grayish,  white,  and  brownish,  anterior  margin  bituberculate, 
the  tubercles  clothed  with  short,  dense,  black  hairs.  Elytra  less  than  two  and 
one-half  times  as  long  as  basal  width,  sides  parallel  to  apical  one-third,  thence 
rounded  to  apices;  surface  rough,  finely  punctured  with  coarse  punctures 
superimposed,  almost  completely  hidden  by  the  dense  pubescence;  pubes- 
cence gray  and  brownish  except  for  a  wtII  defined,  oblique,  median  white 
band,  an  indistinct,  subapical  white  patch,  and  a  small  patch  at  base  about 
scutellum,  black  hairs  at  base  practically  confined  to  basal  tubercles,  not  in 
the  form  of  a  dense,  arcuate,  black  line ;  small  costal  tubercles  with  a  crest 
of  black  hairs ;  apices  emarginate.  Legs  finely,  densely  punctured,  moderately 
densely  clothed  with  prostrate  white  hairs  ^\'hich  are  thin  in  certain  spots 
giving  the  pubescence  a  mottled  appearance ;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  segment 
but  little  longer  than  the  second.  Abdomen  black;  sternites  finely,  closely 
punctured,  moderately  densely  clothed  with  long,  prostrate,  white  hairs. 
Length :  7-8  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5267,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  San  Domingo, 
July  19,  1938,  and  one  paratype,  male  (collection  of  writer),  from  twenty 
miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  2,  1938.  Both  examples  were  captured  at  light 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  is  the  first  species  of  Ecyrus  recorded  from  the  Pacific  Coast  of  North 
America.  The  others  occur  along  the  Atlantic  Coast,  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  in 
the  West  Indies.  It  is  most  closelj^  related  to  E.  arcuatus  Gahan  from  Yuca- 
tan, and  E.  texanus  (Schaeffer)  from  Brownsville,  Texas.  It  differs  from 
both,  however,  in  the  heavier  antennal  scape,  emarginate  elytral  apices,  posi- 
tion of  the  elytral  fascia  and  the  absence  of  the  black  basal  lunule  of  the  elytra. 
The  elytral  pattern  is  most  similar  to  that  of  E.  arcuatus  but  the  white  band 
is  median  rather  than  ante-median  as  in  that  species.  The  robust  form  and 
shape  of  the  pronotum  is  about  as  in  texanus. 

(112)  Poliaenus  volitans  (LeConte) 

Lopliopoeum  volitans  LeConte,  1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  232^;  Horn,  1894, 

Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  340  (record)-. 
Pogonocherus   volitans,   Leng   and   Hamilton,    1896,    Trans.   Am.    Ent.    Soc,   23:    136; 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  81 

ScHAEFFER,  1909,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  17:  103;  Fall,  1910,  Ent.  News,  27:  7;  Lins- 

LEY,  1930,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  7:  85. 
Poliaenus  volitans,  Linsley,  1935,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  28 :  86. 
Poliaenus  hirsutus  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  120^. 

I  have  seen  this  species  only  from  the  Cape  Region.  In  addition  to  the  three 
specimens  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  (at  light),  I  have  two  examples 
from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer)  sent  to  me  several  years  ago  by  Mr.  Schaeffer. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Guatemala^;  Lower  California:  Cape  San  Lucas'  '. 

New  Records  :  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13  ;  Santiago,  July  8. 

(113)  Poliaenus  concolor  (Schaeffer) 

PogonocJierus  concolor  Schaeffer,  1909,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  17:  102;  Fall,  1910,  Ent. 

News,  21:  9;  Schaeffer,  1932,  Bull.  Brookh-n  Ent.  Soc,  27:  154.^ 
Poliaenus  concolor,  Linsley,  1935,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  28:  83-. 

P.  concolor  may  be  recognized  by  the  uniform  j^ellowish  cinereous  pubes- 
cence, the  scarcity  of  erect  hairs  on  the  head  and  pronotum,  and  the  absence 
of  tufts  of  black  hairs  from  the  costal  tubercles. 

Type  localit}^ :  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

This  species  was  originally  described  from  "California?",  but  in  1932 
Schaeffer  corrected  that  to  "Lower  California",  and  later  stated  to  me  in  a 
letter  that  it  had  undoubtedly  come  from  Santa  Rosa.  Apparently  only  the 
type  is  known. 

(114)  Poliaenus  obliquus  Linsley,  new  species 

(Plate  4,  fig.  12) 

Male  :  Form  moderately  robust,  subcylindrical ;  color  black,  vestiture  gray, 
white,  and  black.  Head  finely  punctured,  clothed  with  prostrate,  grayish 
hairs,  denser  and  whiter  on  upper  frons  between  dorsal  lobes  of  eyes,  erect 
hairs  sparse  on  frons,  more  numerous  on  lower  face  and  cheeks;  antennae 
about  one  and  one-fourth  times  as  long  as  body,  annulated,  densely  clothed 
with  long,  flying  hairs,  more  numerous  on  inner  side,  scape  finely  punctured, 
moderately  slender,  scarcely  clavate,  attaining  lateral  pronotal  tubercle. 
Pronotum  wider  than  long;  lateral  tubercles  moderately  stout,  conical,  apex 
obtuse,  not  reflexed ;  discal  tubercle  feeble ;  surface  finely,  sparsely  punctured, 
clothed  with  grayish  white,  postrate  pubescence  which  does  not  hide  the  sur- 
face, with  a  line  of  thinner  pubescence  on  each  side  of  disk  running  from 
base  to  apex  across  the  discal  tubercles  and  giving  the  impression  of  a  vague 
dark  line ;  disk  with  a  short,  nude,  polished,  median  vitta ;  erect  hairs  white, 
more  numerous  at  sides.  Elytra  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  basal  width, 
with  a  broad,  dense  band  of  white  pubescence  running  obliquety  from  behind 
the  humeri  to  suture  and  bounded  behind  by  a  narrow  black  line,  remaining 
surface  more  sparsely  clothed  with  grayish  white  hairs,  those  of  elytral  de- 
clivity vaguely  tawny ;  erect  hairs  black  on  disk,  white  at  sides ;  punctation 
not  obscured  by  pubescence  except  for  the  oblique,  white  fascia,  punctures 


82  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Seb. 

fine,  close,  with  coarse  punctures  superimposed,  these  latter  more  numerous 
basally  where  they  are  mostly  one  or  less  than  one  puncture  width  apart ;  basal 
tubercles  distinct,  clothed  with  short,  black  hairs;  costae  poorly  defined, 
indicated  apically  by  three  rows  of  tubercles  each  w^ith  a  tuft  of  short,  bla  jk 
hairs;  apices  conjointly  rounded.  Legs  black,  rather  densely  clothed  with 
prostrate,  w^iite  pubescence  intermixed  with  long,  erect,  white  hairs ;  posterior 
tarsi  with  first  segment  shorter  than  the  following  two  together,  clothed  be- 
neath with  black  hairs,  second  segment  with  some  yellow  pile  beneath  at 
apex,  third  sigment  densely  padded  with  yellow  pile.  Abdomen  black,  ster- 
nites  finely,  densely  punctured,  clothed  with  grayish  pubescence  with  a  dense 
band  of  white  along  posterior  margins,  most  obvious  at  sides  of  first  sternite ; 
fifth  sternite  rounded  at  apex.  Length  6  mm. 

Female  :  Antennae  but  little  longer  than  the  body ;  fifth  abdominal  sternite 
impressed  medially  at  apex.  Length  6  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5268,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  five  miles 
south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938,  and  allotype,  female  (No.  5269)  from 
Triunfo,  July  13,  1938.  Both  specimens  were  captured  at  light  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  must  be  close  to  P.  concolor  (Schaeffer),  but  differs  from  the 
descriptions  of  that  species  by  having  grayish  and  white  pubescence  with  a 
broad  oblique,  white  fascia  margined  posteriorly  with  a  black  line,  rather 
than  uniformly  yellowish  cinereous,  the  basal  punctation  of  the  elj^tra  coarse 
and  moderately  dense,  the  lateral  pronotal  tubercles  obtuse,  the  head  and 
pronotum  with  flying  hairs,  the  costal  tubercles  of  the  elytra  tufted  wdth 
black,  and  the  first  segment  of  the  posterior  tarsi  clothed  beneath  with  brown 
hairs.  From  P.  volitans  (LeConte),  the  only  other  species  known  from  Lower 
California,  it  may  be  easily  distinguished  by  the  less  slender  scape,  obtuse 
pronotal  tubercles  which  are  not  reflexed  at  the  apex,  the  gray  and  white 
pubescence,  and  the  elytral  pattern.  Superficially  ohliquus  resembles  P. 
calif  or  nicus  (Schaeffer)  but  is  less  elongate,  lacks  the  post-median  dark  band, 
and  differs  in  the  feeble  dorsal  tubercles  of  the  pronotum,  w^eak  elytral  costae, 
and  slender  scape. 

(115)  Adetus  vanduzeei  Linsley 

Adetus  vanduzeei  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10 :  63\ 

This  species  may  be  readily  recognized  by  the  short  pronotum  and  the  very 
dense,  short,  white  pubescence,  with  a  pair  of  tawny  spots  at  the  base  of  the 
pronotum,  middle  of  the  elytra,  and  before  the  apex  of  the  elytra.  The  mid- 
elytra  spots  are  large  and  suboval. 

Type  locality :  Ceralbo  Island,  Gulf  of  Calif  ornia\ 

Host :  Ihervillea^. 

(116)  Tetraopes  elegans  Horn 

Tetraopes  elegans  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  404^;  Leng  and  Hamilton, 
1896,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23 :  159 ;  Casey,  1913,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  4 :  376,  384. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  83 

This  beautiful  species  was  evidently  taken  in  large  numbers  by  the  early 
Academy  expeditions,  and  I  have  examined  specimens  in  numerous  collec- 
tions, all  from  the  type  locality,  distributed  by  Mr.  Carl  Fuchs. 

Lectotype:  No.  72,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  c? 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 

APPENDIX  A 

Cerambycidae  of  the  Revillagigedo  Islands 

In  May,  1925,  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  sent  an  expedition  to 
the  Revillagigedo  Islands.  Three  species  of  Cerambycidae  were  taken  at  this 
time.  One  of  these,  Stenodonies  molarms  (Bates)  is  a  widespread  Neotropi- 
cal species  occurring  in  South  and  Central  America  and  in  the  Cape  Region 
of  Lower  California.  Another  is  endemic  to  the  islands  but  has  near  relatives 
in  Low^er  California  and  along  the  west  coast  of  Mexico.  The  third  species 
represents  a  degenerate,  endemic  genus  in  a  tribe  which  is  weU.  represented 
both  in  the  Neotropical  and  Sonoran  faunas.  The  first  two  species  occur  on 
Socorro  Island,  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  miles  from  coastal  Mexico,  the 
last  on  Clarion  Island  at  a  distance  of  about  four  hundred  miles  from  the 
mainland.  From  these  three  species  alone  it  would  be  impossible  to  generalize 
on  the  origin  of  the  fauna  of  these  islands. 

(1)  Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  molarius  (Bates) 

Mallodon  molarium  Bates,  1879,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  9,  pi.  1,  f.  10-11.  (For 
further  bibliography  see  section  on  Lower  California  fauna). 

Several  specimens  of  this  widespread  neotropical  species,  taken  on  the  ex- 
pedition of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  in  1925,  were  misplaced  and 
hence  overlooked  in  a  previous  report  on  the  Cerambycidae  of  these  islands. 

Type  locality :  ''Mexico". 

Recorded  distribution:  South  America;  Central  America;  Mexico;  Lower 
California. 

New  record:  Revillagigedo  Islands  (Grayson  Cove,  Socorro  Island,  May  4, 
1925,  J.  R.  Slevin,  collector). 

(2)  Nesodes  insularis  Linsley 

Nesodes  insularis  Linsley,  1935,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  9 :  73,  fig.^ 

This  peculiar,  degenerate  species  was  described  from  material  taken  on 
Clarion  Island  by  Mr.  H.  H.  Keifer.  The  species  resembles  certain  members 
of  the  genus  Anelaphus,  particularly  A.  inerme  (Newman),  and  may  have 
originally  been  derived  from  that  group.  It  differs  generically,  however,  in 
the  robust  form,  enlarged  prothorax,  shortened  and  somewhat  rounded  elytra, 
reduced  hind  wings  (useless  for  flight),  and  the  absence  of  spines  from  the 
antennae,  elytral  apices,  or  femora. 

Type  locality  :  Clarion  Island,  Revillagigedo  Islands\  

Host :  Sophria  tomentosa  Linn."^  /c\G^  C /^  / 

^        .       ^^ 


84  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(3)  Acanthoderes  socorroensis  Linsley,  new  species 

(PlateS,  Fig.  5) 
Acanthoderes  'peninsular is,  Linsley,  1935,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  11:  74  (record). 

Male  :  Form  short,  broad ;  color  brown ;  vestiture  variegated.  Head  coarsely 
but  not  closely  punctured,  interspaces  finely  punctate,  obscured  by  pubes- 
cence except  for  two  denuded  areas  on  vertex;  pubescence  fine  appressed, 
golden;  labrum  rufotestaceous,  clothed  with  golden  pubescence;  genae  be- 
tween eye  and  base  of  mandibles  about  as  long  as  lower  lobe  of  eye ;  antennae 
with  last  three  segments  surpassing  apex  of  elytra,  scape  robust,  finely  punc- 
tured and  pubescent,  remaining  segments  biannulated,  third  segment  longer 
than  fourth,  penultimate  segment  scarcely  excavated  beneath,  bearing  only 
a  few  cilia.  Pronotum  transverse,  armed  with  a  very  large  conical  tubercle  at 
the  sides,  surface  coarsely,  irregularly  but  not  contiguously  punctured,  inter- 
spaces finely  punctured,  densely  clothed  with  fine,  depressed,  golden  and 
brow^nish  yellow  hairs,  midline  with  a  narrow,  polished,  elevated  carina  from 
posterior  disk  to  apex;  prosternum  finely  punctured  and  pubescent,  inter- 
coxal  process  nearly  as  wide  as  that  of  mesosternum;  metasternum  short, 
only  about  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  mesosternal  process.  Legs  robust, 
finely  punctate,  pubescent;  tibiae  biannulate;  posterior  tarsi  with  first  seg- 
ment distinctly  longer  than  following  two  together.  Elytra  less  than  one  and 
one-half  times  as  long  as  broad,  sides  obtuse,  widest  at  middle;  basal  area 
moderately  densely,  irregularly  tuberculate,  tubercles  polished,  black;  pos- 
terior half  of  elytra  irregularly,  coarsely  punctured,  interspaces  finely  punc- 
tate, finely  clothed  with  golden,  pale,  and  yellowish  brown  pubescence,  with 
an  obscure,  pale,  oblique  fascia  extending  from  behind  humeri  nearly  to 
suture;  elytral  apices  emarginate.  Abdomen  polished,  finely  punctate, 
sparsely  pubescent ;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  emarginate  at  apex.  Length : 
12-14.5  mm. 

Female :  Antennae  barely  surpassing  apex  of  elj^tra ;  fifth  abdominal  ster- 
nite narrowed  apieally,  subtruncate.  Length :  12-17  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  5270,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.),  allotype,  female 
(No.  5271),  and  seven  paratypes,  collected  at  Grayson  Cove,  Socorro  Island, 
May  4,  1925,  collected  by  Mr.  H.  H.  Keifer.  The  specimens  were  reared  from 
Hippomane  mancinella. 

This  species  was  incorrectly  recorded  by  the  writer  (1935)  as  Acanthoderes 
peninsularis  Horn.  It  differs  from  the  latter  in  its  shorter,  more  obtuse  form, 
more  widely  separated  anterior  coxae,  short  mesosternum,  and  short  elytra 
which  are  less  than  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  broad  and  widest  at 
middle.  In  addition  the  genae  are  as  long  as  the  low^er  lobe  of  the  eye,  the  pro- 
notal  punctures  are  not  contiguous,  and  the  penultimate  segment  of  the  male 
antennae  is  scarcely  execavated  beneath  and  sparsely  ciliate. 

It  is  very  probable  that  this  species,  as  well  as  the  preceding,  is  endemic  to 
the  Kevillagigedo  Islands. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY:  CEBAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  85 


APPENDIX  B 

Cerambycidae  of  the  Tres  Marias  Islands 

Fifteen  species  are  now  kno^Yn  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands.  The  earliest 
records  of  which  I  am  aware  which  pertain  to  the  Cerambycidae  of  these 
islands  are  to  be  found  in  the  supplement  to  the  Longicornia  volume  of  the 
Biologia  Centrali-Americana  (Bates,  1885).  In  this  publication  seven  species 
are  recorded  and  the  islands  serve  as  type  locality  for  two  of  these.  The 
Academy  expeditions  have  added  eight  more  species,  three  of  which  were  new 
(Linsley,  1934).  As  would  be  expected  from  their  nearness  to  the  Mexican 
mainland,  the  Tres  Marias  have  apparently  received  their  cerambycid  fauna 
almost  entirely  from  that  source.  However,  the  fauna  of  the  adjacent  mainland 
is  not  well  enough  known  at  present  to  judge  whether  or  not  any  of  the  Tres 
Marias  cerambj^cids  are  endemic  to  the  islands. 

(1)  Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  masticator  (Thomson) 

Mallodon  masticator  Thomson,  1867,  Physis,  1 :  99^ 

Stenodontes  {Mallodon)  dasytomis  masticator,  Lameere,  1902,  Mem.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  9:  78. 
Stenodontes  {Mallodon)  masticator,  Linsley,  1934,  Ent.  News,  45:  161^. 
Mallodon  angustum  Thomson,  1867,  Pliysis,  1:    100^;  Bates,  1879,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer., 
Coleopt.,  5:9;  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.  Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5  :  296  (record)' 


ii 


This  species  is  related  to  Stenodontes  {Mallodon)  dasytomis  (Say),  but 
may  be  separated  by  the  tridentate  genae  and  sculpture  of  the  pronotum 
which  is  more  finely  puctured  and  has  the  glabrous  areas  reduced  and  com- 
pletely separated. 

Type  locality :  Colombia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  South  America :  from  Colombia  and  Venezuela 
northward ;  Central  America ;  Mexico"^ :  Tres  Marias  Islands* ;  Arizona^ 

(2)  Smodicum  pacificum  pacificum  Linsley 

Smodicum  pacificum  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10 :  107\ 

Smodicum  pacificiwi  is  related  to  ;S^.  parandroides  Bates  from  Vera  Cruz 
and  Guatemala,  but  differs  in  the  shape  of  the  pronotum  which  is  widest  at 
or  behind  the  middle,  the  plane,  scarcely  impressed  vertex  of  the  head,  and 
the  finer,  sparser  punctation.  From  S.  cucujiforme  Say,  which  occurs  along 
the  Atlantic  Coast  from  Canada  to  Texas,  it  may  be  distinguished  by  the 
short  second  segment  of  the  antennae  which  is  wider  than  long,  the  broad  pro- 
and  mesosterna  with  their  intercoxal  processes  as  wide  as  or  wider  than  the 
coxae,  and  the  finer,  sparser  punctation.  The  typical  form  also  differs  from 
cucujiforme  in  the  strongly,  obliquely  narrowed  neck,  but  in  the  subspecies 
taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  in  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California,  the 
neck  is  subparallel  or  feebly  narrowed. 

Type  locality  :  Magdalena  Island,  Tres  Marias\ 


86  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  Ser. 

(3)  Eburia  nigrovittata  Bates 

Ehuria  nigrovittata  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:   246^;  Linsley,  1935, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  61:  73  (record)-. 
Ehuria  conspersa  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,    (2)    4:    339^;   Hamilton,  1896, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  23  :  166. 

The  synonymy,  distribution,  and  variation  of  this  species  have  been  dis- 
cussed in  the  preceding  pages. 

Type  locality :  Tres  Marias  Islands^. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico :  Tres  Marias  Islands^  District  of  Temes- 
caltepec" ;  Lower  Calif  ornia^ 

(4)  Eburia  stigmatica  Chevrolat 

Eburia  stigmatica  Chevrolat,  1834,  Coleopt.  Mex.,  3:  60^;  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.- 
Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  244;  Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1:  28;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac. 
Ent.,  10 :  108^. 

Eburia  perforata  LeConte,  1873,  Smitlison.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  180^ 

This  species  was  described  as  having  the  elytral  apices  "epineuses  pres  de 
I'extremite  de  la  marge,  tronquees  sur  la  suture"  and  on  the  basis  of  this  state- 
ment LeConte  described  E.  perforata.  Bates,  however,  claims  that  Chevrolat 
either  "made  a  mistake  in  his  description  or  had  a  mutilated  specimen  before 
him".  In  the  only  example  that  I  have  seen  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands,  the 
sutural  spine  is  shorter  than  usual  and  the  outer  angle  is  merely  dentiform. 

Type  locality :  Zimapan,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Texas^ ;  central  and  northern  Mexico ;  Tres  Marias 
Islands :  Mao'dalena  Island^. 


"to" 


(5)  Eustromula  keiferi  Linsley 
Eustromula  Tceiferi  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pae.  Ent.,  10 :  108\ 

This  species  is  related  to  E.  validiim  (LeConte),  but  may  be  distinguished  by 
the  long,  dense  pubescence  covering  the  entire  bod}^  and  the  very  coarsely 
punctured  metasternum. 

Type  locality :  Maria  Madre  Island,  Tres  Marias\ 

(6)  Elaphidion  irroratum  (Linnaeus) 

Cerambyx  irroratus  Linnaeus,  1767,  Syst.  Nat.,  ed.  XII,  p.  633^;  Drury,  1773,  111.  Exot. 
Ins.,  1:  93,  pi.  41,  f.  3;  OLmER,  1790,  Enc.  metli.  Ins.,  5:  305;  Olivier,  1795,  Ento- 
mologie,  4:  45,  pi.  21,  f.  163. 

Stenocorus  irroratus,  Fabricius,  1775,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  180. 

Elaphidion  irroratum,  LeConte,  1850,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  (2)  2:  13;  Jacquelin 
DU  Val,  1857,  Hist.  Cuba,  Ins.,  p.  266,  pi.  10,  f .  7 ;  Hubbard,  1880,  Amer.  Entom.,  3 : 
239  (record)^;  Bates,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:  284  (record)^;  Leng,  1885, 
Entom.  Amer.,  1:  31;  Schwarz,  1888,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  1:  93  (record)*;  Gahan, 
1895,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1895:  99;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  108  (record)^ 

Cerambyx  bidens  Olivier,  1790,  Enc.  meth.  Ins.,  5:  306;  Olivier,  1795,  Entomologie,  4: 
42,pl.  17,  f.  125. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  87 

Elaphidion  ordinatum  Newman,  1840,  Entomologist,  1 :  26. 
Elaphidion  tessellatum  Newman,  1840,  Entomologist,  1 :  26. 

This  tropical  and  subtropical  species  bores  in  the  various  species  of  man- 
grove. The  amount  of  white  pubescence  on  the  dorsal  surface  varies  and  in 
one  example  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands  it  is  almost  unbroken. 

Type  locality :  North  America. 

Recorded  distribution:  Florida;  West  Indies;  Central  America;  Mexico: 
Tres  Marias^ :  Maria  Madre  Island". 

Hosts  :  Avicennia  niiida^,  Lagnncularia  racemosa^. 

(7)  Anelaphus  truncatus  (Haldeman) 

Elaphidion  truncatum  Haldeman,  1847,  Trans.  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  (2)  10:  33^;  LeConte, 

1873,  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  XI,  264:  183- ;  Leng,  1885,  Entom.  Amer.,  1 :  31. 
Hypermallus  truncatus,  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  249  (record) ^ 
Anoplium  truncatum,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3  :  305. 
Anelaphus  truncatus,  Linsley,  1936,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29 :  465. 

There  are  several  species  from  various  localities  in  Mexico  masquerading 
under  the  name  "truncatum  Haldeman".  I  have  not  seen  anj^-  of  this  group 
from  the  Tres  Marias,  and  am  therefore  unable  to  determine  whether  or  not 
the  record  given  by  Bates  was  based  on  the  true  truncatum  of  Haldeman. 

Type  locality :  IMexico"^. 

Recorded  distribution :  Texas";  northern  Mexico;  Tres  Marias  Islands^ 

(8)  Anoplium  nanulum  Casey 

Anoplium  nanulum  Casey,  1924,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  11:  247^;  Linsley,  1938,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc. 
Am.,  39:467^ 

A  single  example  of  A.  nanulum  Casey  was  taken  on  ]\Iaria  Madre  Island, 
Tres  Marias,  on  May  17,  1925,  by  Mr.  H.  H.  Keifer  (C.A.S.).  The  pronotal 
sculpture  in  this  species  resembles  that  of  the  genus  Anopliomorpha,  but  the 
pubescence  is  short  and  the  antennal  spines  obsolete. 

Type  locality :  "Arizona  (near  Tucson)". 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona  :  near  Tucson^  Chiricahua  Mts.' 

(9)  Anopliomorpha  reticollis  (Bates) 

Periboeum  reticolle  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  254^,  pi.  18,  f .  6. 
Anoplium  reticolle,  Leng,  1920,  Catal.  Coleopt.  N.  Am.,  p.  270;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac. 

Ent.,  10:  109  (record) 2. 
Anopliomorpha  reticollis,  Linsley,  1935,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  29 :  466. 

This  species  bears  a  superficial  resemblance  to  the  preceding,  but  differs 
in  the  strong  antennal  spines,  narrower  pronotum,  and  the  coarse,  long,  erect 
hairs  covering  the  entire  body. 

Type  locality :  Ventanas,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico :  Ventanas^ ;  Tres  Marias  Islands^ :  Maria 
Madre  Island^ 


88  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  Ser. 

(10)  Ironeus  pulcher  Bates 

Ironeus  pulcher  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:   29^,  pi.  4,  f.  3;  Linsley, 
1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.  10  :  109  (record)-. 

The  three  Batesian  species  of  Trojieus  may  not  be  strictly  congeneric.  The 
present  species  may  be  readily  known  by  the  prominent,  coarsely  facetted 
eyes  and  the  tomentose  elytra  which  have  the  suture  and  three  narrow  vittae 
denuded. 

Type  locality :  Chontales,  Nicaragua\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Nicaragua^ ;  Mexico :  Tres  Marias :  Magdalena 
Island". 

(11)  Neoclytus  augusti  (Chevrolat) 

Clytus  Augusti  Chevrolat,  1835,  Coleopt.  Mex.,  4:  73^;  Castelnau  and  Gory,  1836,  Mon. 

Gen.  Clytus,  p.  30,  pi.  7,  f .  37 ;  White,  1855,  Catal.  Coleopt.  Brit.  Mus.,  8 :  258. 
Clytus  (Bhopalomerus)  Augusti,  Chevrolat,  1860,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  France,  (3)  8:  495. 
Neoclytus  Augusti,  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  301  (record)^. 

This  attractive  species,  named  in  honor  of  the  early  collector  M.  Auguste 
Salle,  was  recorded  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands  by  Bates. 
Type  locality :  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico\ 
Recorded  distribution  :  central  and  southern  Mexico ;  Tres  Marias  Islands". 

(12)  Cleozona  rufipes  (Bates) 

Cleozona  pulchra  var.  rufipes  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  307^. 
Cleosona  rufipes,  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  109^;  Linsley,  1935,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  51 :  89^ 

This  species  differs  from  0.  pulchra  Bates,  its  only  known  congener,,  in  its 
larger  size,  more  slender  form,  more  widely  separated  eburneous  fasciae, 
broader,  transverse  red  band  of  the  elytra,  and  by  usually  having  all  of  the 
legs  red  and  clothed  wath  prostrate  white  pubescence. 

Type  locality :  Ventanas,  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Mexico:  Ventanas\  Tejupilco'',  Tehuantepec^;  Tres 
Marias  :  Maria  Madre  Island^ 

(13)  Trachyderes  spinicollis  Bates 

Trachyderes  spinicollis  Bates,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  332\ 

I  have  not  seen  this  species.  According  to  its  author  it  is  related  to  T.  reichei 
(Dupont)  and  T .  cingulatus  (Klug). 
Type  locality :  Tres  Marias  Islands\ 

(14)  Lagochirus  obsoletus  Thomson 

Lagocheirus  ohsoletus  Thomson,  1860,  Class.  Ceramb.,  p.  10^;  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac. 

Ent.,  10:  109  (record) 2. 
Lagochirus  ohsoletus,  Bates,  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5:   145;   Gahan,  1895, 

Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1895:  130  (sjn.y. 
Lagochirus  longipennis  Bates.  1880,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  5 :  145,  i)l.  14,  f .  2. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LINSLEY :  CERAMBYCIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  89 

This  rather  common  neotropical  species  has  apparently  been  spread  by  com- 
merce and  has  been  recorded  from  the  Loo  Choo^  and  Hawaiian^  island  groups 
in  addition  to  the  regions  listed  below. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Kecorded  distribution:  Central  America;  Mexico;  West  Indies^;  Tres 
Marias  Islands  :  Maria  ^^adre^ 

(15)  Leptostylus  plumeoventris  Linsley 

Leptostylus  plumeoventris  Linsley,  1934,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10 :  109\ 

This  species  resembles  L.  falli  Linsley,  from  the  mountains  of  southern 
Arizona,  but  differs  in  the  form  of  the  lateral  tubercles  of  the  pronotum,  more 
numerous  tufts  of  erect  setae  on  the  elytra,  and  in  the  flaky-white  pubescence 
of  the  ventral  surface. 

Type  locality  :  Maria  Madre  Island,  Tres  Marias\ 


90  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 


SELECTED  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Bates,  H.  W.  1879-1885.  Longicornia.  Biologia  Centrali-Americana,  Insecta  Coleoptera, 
5:  1-436,  pis.  1-35. 

Bates,  H.  W.  1892.  Additions  to  the  Longicornia  of  Mexico  and  Central  America,  with 
remarks  on  some  of  the  previously-recorded  species.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1892:  143- 
183,  pis.  5-7. 

Blaisdell,  F.  E.  1925.  Expedition  to  Guadalupe  Island,  Mexico,  in  1922.  The  Coleoptera. 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)  14:  321-343. 

Bland,  J.  H.  B.  1862.  Descriptions  of  several  supposed  new  species  of  Cerambycidae  in  the 
collection  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Philadelphia,  with  observations  on  some 
already  described.  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1:  267-276. 

Gahan",  C.  J.  1892.  Additions  to  the  Longicornia  of  Mexico  and  Central  America,  with  notes 
on  some  previously-recorded  species.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1892 :  255-274,  pi.  12. 

Grossbeck,  J.  A.  1912.  List  of  insects  collected  in  Lower  California.  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.  31:  323-326. 

Horn,  G.  H.  1876.  Notes  on  the  Coleopterous  fauna  of  Guadalupe  Island.  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  5:  199. 

Horn,  G.  H.  1894.  The  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4:  302- 
449,  pis.  7-8. 

Horn,  G.  H.  1895.  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California  (Supplement  I).  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2)  5:  225-259,  pi.  20. 

LeConte,  J.  L.  1861.  Notes  on  the  Coleopterous  fauna  of  LoAver  California.  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1861 :  335-338. 

LeConte,  J.  L.  1873.  New  species  of  North  American  Coleoptera.  Part  II.  Smithson.  Misc. 
Coll.,  XI,  264:  169-240. 

Leng,  C.  W.  1920.  Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  America,  north  of  Mexico.  470  pp.  Mt. 
Vernon,  N.  Y.  (Suppl.  I.,  1927,  72  pp.)   (Suppl.  II-III,  1933,  112  pp.). 

LiNSLEY,  E.  G.  1934.  Notes  and  descriptions  of  some  Cerambycidae  from  the  Tres  Marias 
Islands.  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  10:  107-110. 

LiNSLEY,  E.  G.  1934.  Studies  in  the  Cerambycidae  of  Lower  California.  Pan-Pac.  Eut., 
10:  59-63. 

LiNSLEY,  E.  G.  1935.  Cerambycidae  from  the  Eevillagigedo  Islands,  Mexico.  Pan-Pac.  Ent., 
11:  72-74,  fig., 

LiNSLEY,  E.  G.  1935.  Studies  in  the  Longicornia  of  Mexico.  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  61: 
67-102,  pi.  2. 

Schaeffer,  C.  1908.  List  of  the  Longicorn  Coleoptera  collected  on  the  Museum  Expeditions 
to  Brownsville,  Texas,  and  the  Huachuca  Mts.,  Arizona,  with  descriptions  of  new  genera 
and  species  and  notes  on  known  species.  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.  1:  325-352. 


PLATES 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES 

PLATE  4 
(4  times  natural  size) 
Fig.    1.  MetJiia  debilis  (Horn) ,  (^ 
Fig.    2.  Same,$ 

Fig.    3.  Perigracilia  tenuis  Linsley,  c^ 
Fig.    4.  Methia  picta  Linsley,  (^ 
Fig.    5.  Obrium  discoideum  LeConte 
Fig.    6.  Ehopalopliorella  hicincta  (Horn) 
Fig.    7.  Anoplocurius  incompletus  Linsley,  (^ 
Fig.    8.  Stenosphenus  rossi  Linsley,  5 
Fig.    9,  Eplopliorus  'bicinctus  peninsularis  Linsley 
Fig.  10.  Leiopus  nivosus  Linsley  (^ 
Fig.  11.  Peritapnia  fahra  var.  ? 
Fig.  12.  PoUaenus  obliquus  Linsley 


[92] 


PROC.   CALIF.  ACAD.   SCI..  4TH   SERIES,  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    2 


[LINSLEY]   PLATE   4 


[93] 


PLATE  5 

(214  X  natural  size) 
rig.  1.  Estola  tigrina  (Skinner) 
Fig.  2.  Estoloides  sparsa  Linsley 
Fig.  3.  Estoloides  sordida  (LeConte) 
Fig.  4.  Acanthoderes  peninsularis  Horn 
Fig.  5.  Acanthoderes  socorroensis  Linsley 
Fig.  6.  Crossidius  australis  Linsley,  $ 
Fig.  7.  Aneflomorpha  australis  Linsley,  c^ 
Fig.  8.  Ehuria  nigrovittata  Bates,  $ 
Fig.  9.  Osmidus  guttatus  Lee.,  5 


[94] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.  NO.   2 


[LINSLEY]   PLATE    5 


[95] 


PROCEEDINGS 


OF  THE 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


Fourth  Series 


Vol.  XXIV,  No.  3,  pp.  97-132,  pis.  6-7 


March  31,  1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 


No.  3 
COLEOPTERA:  BUPRESTIDAE 


BY 

EDWIN  C.  VAN  DYKE 

Professor  Emeritus  of  Entomology 
University  of  California 


THIS  PAPER,  while  dealing  primarily  with  the  material  collected  in  Lower 
California  during  the  summer  of  1938  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  in  order 
to  be  more  useful,  has  been  amplified  to  the  extent  of  mentioning  all  the  species 
of  Buprestidae  which  are  known  to  have  been  collected  in  that  region.  The 
various  expeditions  which  have  furnished  this  material,  have  been  dealt  with 
in  the  introductory  paper  of  this  series.  The  specimens  mentioned  in  this  paper 
will  merely  refer  to  the  source  of  information  as  given  in  the  bibliography, 
by  number. 

According  to  the  literature,  about  thirty-seven  species  of  Buprestidae  have 
been  recorded  as  collected  in  Lower  California.  The  number  represented  in 
collections  including  the  material  recently  added  hj  Michelbacher  and  Ross, 
will,  however,  greatly  increase  the  number  as  well  as  furnish  much  new  data 
concerning  their  range.  A  study  of  the  Buprestidae  of  this  peninsula  shows 
that  the  fauna  has  relationships  in  several  directions  and  has  therefore  not 
been  derived  from  a  common  center.  The  species  to  be  found  just  south  of  San 

*  Printed  from  the  Jolm  "W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[97] 


98  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Diego  near  the  Pacific  Ocean  as  at  Ensenada  and  San  Vicente  are  similar  to 
those  of  southwestern  California  and  different  from  those  to  be  found  else- 
where in  the  peninsula.  Those  which  range  along  the  dry  eastern  part  of  the 
region,  or  dwell  on  the  islands  in  the  Gulf  of  California,  or  in  the  dry  wastes 
extending  from  the  center  of  the  country  to  close  to  the  Cape  Region,  belong 
to  the  true  Sonoran  fauna,  and  are  thus  more  or  less  closely  related  to  those 
living  in  western  Sonora,  southw^estern  Arizona  and  southeastern  California. 
This  stock  is  of  course  the  most  recent  to  enter  the  country  for  much  of  the 
territory  that  it  occupies  was  submerged  in  comparatively  recent  geological 
times.  Those  species  from  the  Cape  Region  proper,  a  region  where  there  are 
summer  rains  and  which  is  much  older  geologically  show  many  elements  of 
the  Neotropical  fauna.  The  fauna  is  the  most  isolated  and  the  most  distinct  in 
Lower  California,  and  though  it  has  contributed  many  species  to  the  adjacent 
regions,  still  retains  many  within  its  own  confines.  Among  the  Lower  Califor- 
nia species  are  a  number  which,  though  restricted  to  the  territory,  yet  are  so 
similar  to  other  and  more  widely  distributed  species  in  adjacent  regions 
that  one  is  forced  to  the  conclusion  that  not  only  have  the  former  been  derived 
from  the  latter  but  that  they  have  been  for  long  periods  isolated  from  the 
parent  stock.  Thus  a  certain  portion  of  Lower  California,  the  Cape  Region  in 
particular,  has  served  as  a  center  of  origin  for  such  recent  forms  as  well  as  a 
center  of  dispersal  for  other  and  older  forms  which  it  no  doubt  received  at  a 
very  early  period  from  lands  to  the  south.  Species  which  are  restricted  to 
Lower  California  yet  have  their  closest  relatives  in  nearby  territories  are  as 
follows :  Acmaeodera  stigmata  Horn,  allied  to  A.  hivulnera  Horn  of  Arizona ; 
Chrysohothris  thoracicus  Schffr.,  a  close  relative  of  C.  edivardsii  Horn  of  the 
desert  southwest ;  and  Chrysohothris  peninsularis  Schffr.,  a  species  no  doubt 
derived  from  the  allied  Mexican  C.  distincta  Lap.  and  Gory. 

Illustrations  of  the  more  typical  Lower  California  Buprestidae  will  be 
found  at  the  end  of  this  paper.  These  figures  were  provided  by  Work  Projects 
Administration  O.P.  665-08-3-29.  In  the  bibliography,  only  the  more  essen- 
tial citations  will  be  found. 

(1)  Polycesta  velasco  Laporte  and  Gory 

Polycesta  velasco  Lap.  et  Gory,  1838,  Hist,  natur.  Icon,  des  Col.  5;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4,388-;  Chamberlin,  1926,  Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Amer.,  232^. 

This  large  black  buprestid,  which  is  one  of  the  most  characteristic  insects  of 
the  arid  southwest,  breeds  in  a  number  of  the  typical  desert  trees  such  as  the 
cat's  claw  {Acacia  gregii),  mesquite  {Frosopis  jidiflora),  and  Palo  verde 
{Cercidium  torreyanum) . 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona,  southeastern  California,  Texas,  Mexico 
and  Lower  California  :  El  Chinche,  2000  ft.',  Santa  Rosa,  2000  ft.' 

New  records :  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  Lower  Calif.,  July  5, 1938  (M.  and  R.) . 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAX  DYKE:   BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  99 

(2)  Acmaeodera  comata  LeConte 

Acmaeodera  comata  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  70^;  Horn,  1878,  Tr. 
Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  7,  24,  25,  pi.  1,  f.  39;  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7  (1),  37; 
Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.,  13.« 

This  very  distinct,  cylindrical  species  was  for  many  years  known  only  by 
the  type.  It  is  apparently  restricted  to  the  hot  desert  regions  of  the  southwest 
and  Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  near  Fort  Yuma,  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Yuma,  Calif  .^ ;  Phoenix,  Ariz." 

New  records :  southern  Ariz.  (Knull)  ;  7  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  Lower 
Calif.,  June  18, 1938  (M.  and  R.). 

(3)  Acmaeodera  flavornarginata  Gray 

Acmaeodera  flavomarginata  Gray,  1831,  Griffith  Anim.  Kingd.,  14,  358,  t.  31,  f.  2;  Chevr., 
1834,  Col.  Mex.,  fasc.  3;  CO.  Water.,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Col.  8(1),  21-22;  Lap. 
et  Gory,  1838,  Mon.  2,  t.  1.  f .  2 ;  Horn,  1878,  Tr.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  7,  8,  p.  1.  f.  4-;  1894, 
Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.  4(2),  328^;  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  8=^. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  well  marked  and  characteristic  species  of  Mexico, 
ranging  north  across  the  line  into  the  border  states  from  Texas  to  southeastern 
California  and  Lower  California. 

Type  locality' :  probably  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution:  Mexico,  Guanajuato  (Duges,  Salle),  Almolonga, 
Cordova  (Hoge),  Oaxaca  (Salle)  ;  Guatemala,  San  Geronimo  (Champion)  ; 
Guadaloupe  ?,  Chile  ? ;  southwestern  Texas^'  ^ ;  southwestern  California'' ;  and 
Lower  California,  Cape  San  Lucas^  San  Jose  del  Cabo'. 

New  records:  Mexico,  Ocotlan  in  Jalisco  (C.A.S.),  Sonora  (C.A.S.)  Chil- 
malma  (C.A.S.)  ;  Arizona,  Chiricahua  Mts.  in  Cochise  Co.  (C.A.S. ),  and  Santa 
Rosa  in  Lower  California  (C.A.S.). 

(4)  Acmaeodera  scapularis  Horn 

Plate  6,  fig.  8 

Acmaeodera  scapularis  Horn,  1894,  Proc  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  4(2),  396,  p.  8,  f.  6;  Fall, 
1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  7-8. 

This  species  is  a  moderately  large,  wedge  shaped  and  well  marked  species 
which  seems  to  be  restricted  to  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California.  It  varies 
somewhat  in  size  and  slightly  in  markings. 

Holotype,  No.  23,  Mus.  C.A.S.,  Ent.  from  Sierra  El  Chinche,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California,  Sierra  El  Chinche. 

New  records:  Lower  California,  Santa  Rosa,  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Beyer, 
CA.o. ) . 


'Co 


:v 


100  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(5)  Acmaeodera  gibbula  LeConte 

Acmaeodera  gibhula  LeConte,  1858;  Proe.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  69^;  Horn,  1878,  Tr. 

Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  VII,  8,  24^,  pi.  1,  f.  38,  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  F.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  35-363; 

Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Bnpr.  N.  Am.,  21*. 
Acmaeodera  delumbis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  4(2),  378. 

This  moderately  large  and  robust  species  is  one  of  the  dominant  species  of 
Acmaeodera  in  the  Sonoran  region  of  Mexico  and  our  southwest  and  is  gen- 
erally to  be  found  during  the  early  summer  about  the  various  species  of  mes- 
quite  (Prosopis)  in  which  its  larvae  live.  It  is  quite  variable  as  to  color  pat- 
tern, the  yellow  blotches  on  the  disk  of  the  elytra  in  the  more  typical  form 
being  numerous  and  irregular,  while  in  the  variety  delumbis,  the  blotches  are 
larger  and  somewhat  regularly  arranged  in  a  row  on  each  eyltron.  In  a  third 
variety,  found  about  Yuma,  Arizona,  the  discal  markings  are  more  broadly 
transverse  giving  the  beetle  a  somewhat  balteate  pattern. 

Type  locality:  between  San  Diego  and  El  Paso  (coll.  Dr.  Webb)  ;  and  for 
delumbis  Horn,  Arizona. 

Recorded  distribution :  Texas,  Chisos*,  Uvalde*,  New  Mexico  near  Rincon 
(Cockerell^)  ;  Arizona^  Santa  Rita  Mts.*,  Rincon  Mts.*,  Florence*,  Yuma*, 
Palmerlee*,  Phoenix*,  Hot  Springs*,  Camobai  Mts.*,  St.  Catalina  Mts.*,  Tuc- 
son* ;  California,  desert  regions  of  southern  California^,  San  Diego*,  Pasadena*, 
Palm  Springs*,  Fort  Yuma* ;  Lower  California,  Cape  Region'^,  Santa  Rosa. 

New  records  :  Mexico,  Sonora  and  Chilmalma  (C.A.S.)  ;  Nevada,  Glendale; 
California,  Banning,  Indio  (C.A.S.)  ;  Lower  California,  San  Jose  del  Cabo 
( C.A.S. ),  Tiburon  Is.,  Gulf  of  Cal.  (C.A.S.),  and  7  miles  S.  El  Marmol  (M 
&  R.).  For  delumbis:  Arizona,  Tucson  (C.A.S.),  Tiburon  Is.  Gulf  of  Cal. 
(C.A.S.)  and  Sonora,  Mexico  (C.A.S.). 

(6)  Acmaeodera  clausa  Horn 

Plate  6,  fig.  10 

Acmaeodera  clausa  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sc,  4(2),  374,  pi.  7,  f.  3;  Fall,  1899, 
Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  11. 

This  well  marked  and  pretty  species  is  restricted  to  the  Cape  Region  of 
Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  Three  specimens  in  the  collection  of  the  Calif.  Acad,  of  Sci- 
ences were  designated  as  types  by  Horn :  Type  No.  25,  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Type 
No.  26,  Corral  de  Piedra,  and  Type  No.  27,  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  Type  No.  26 
from  Corral  de  Piedra,  I  now  designate  as  the  Lectotype. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Coral  de  Piedra,  Sierra  el  Taste, 
and  Santa  Rosa,  all  in  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  San  Antonio,  Distr.  Sur.  July  12,  1919 
(Ferris,  C.A.S.)  and  Miraflores,  July  10,  1938  (M.  and  R.). 


Vol.  XXIV]  FAN  DYKE:   BUPEESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  101 

(7)  Acmaeodera  fenyesi  Fall 

Acmaeodera  fenyesi  Fall,  1899^,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  12-13^;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat. 
Bupr.  N.  Am.,  19^. 

This  well  known,  hairy,  black  species  is  at  times  common  throughout  south- 
ern California  west  of  the  San  Bernardino  Mts.  It  has  a  preference  for  the 
flowers  of  the  Yerba  Santa  (Eriodictyon) ,  but  also  frequents  many  other 
flowers. 

Type  locality:  S.  California^  probably  the  Sierra  Madre  Eange  near  Pasa- 
dena. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Calif  ornia\  Colorado^  and  Utah^ 

New  records :  Lower  California,  San  Vicente,  May  8,  1938,  and  Ensenada, 
May  3,  1938,  three  specimens  collected  by  W.  E.  Simonds  (Cazier  coll.). 

(8)  Acmaeodera  angelica  Fall 

Acmaeodera  angelica  Fall,  1899^,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  16^,  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat. 

Buph.  N.  Amer.-,  11. 
Acmaeodera  nexa  Fall^,  1922,  Bull.  Brookl.  Ent.  Soc,  17,  89. 

A  very  variable,  common  and  widely  spread  species  throughout  middle 
8nd  southern  California,  especially  abundant  in  the  San  Bernardino  Mts.  It 
breeds  in  numerous  trees  and  shrubs,  being  especially  partial  to  Ceanothus. 
A.  nexa  is  generally  smaller,  more  elongate  and  cylindrical,  a  variety  often 
found  with  the  more  typical  form  or  in  pure  colonies  as  in  the  Yosemite 
Valley  and  certain  places  in  the  San  Bernardino  Mts. 

Type  locality :  Los  Angeles  Co.,  Calif. ;  for  nexa^,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Recorded  distribution :  numerous  places  in  middle  and  southern  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  San  Vicente,  one  specimen  collected  by 
W.  S.  Simonds  (Cazier  coll.). 

( 9 )  Acmaeodera  flavosticta  Horn 

Plate  6,  fig.  6 

Acmaeodera  flavosticta  Horn,  1878,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.^,  7,  8,  15,  pi.  1,  f.  16;  1894,  Proc. 
Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  4,  328^;  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  8(1),  20^;  Chamb.,  1926, 
Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.,  20*. 

A  moderately  common  and  somewhat  variable  species  to  be  found  in  south- 
ern California''  ^'  *,  generally  east  of  the  San  Bernardino  Mts.,  and  which  ex- 
tends south  into  the  adjacent  parts  of  Mexico  and  Lower  California^'  ^ 

Type  locality:  Lower  California'  (Xantus  coll.). 

Recorded  distribution:  southern  California,  Los  Angeles  Co.^  (probably 
the  Mojave  Desert),  Palm  Springs,  San  Diego  Co. ;  Mexico,  Chilmalma^  Du- 
rango^  Hidalgo^ ;  Lower  California,  Cape  San  Lucas,  Magdalena  Islands^  San 
Jose  del  Cabo'',  Santa  Rosa^ 

New  records  :  California,  Owens  Valley  (C.A.S.)  ;  Lower  California,  Porto 
Balandra,  Carmel  Island  ( C.A.S. ). 


102  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(10)  Acmaeodera  labyrinthica  Fall 

Acmaeodera  labyrinthica  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  2 1^;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat. 
Bupr.  N.  Am.,  23-. 

A  widely  distributed  and  at  times  common  species  throughont  southern 
California'  and  the  adjacent  parts  of  the  Southwest  generally.  It  frequents 
flowers  but  also  rests  on  dry  grass  and  dead  twigs  where  its  sombre  coloration 
protects  it. 

Type  locality :  Tuolumne  Co.\  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona",  California"' ',  Utah'' ",  and  Nevada"' ". 

New  records :  Lower  California,  San  Vicente,  May  8,  1938,  two  specimens 
collected  by  W.  E.  Simonds  (Cazier  coll.). 

(11)  Acmaeodera  acuta  LeConte 

Acmaeodera  acuta  LeConte,  1859,  Tr.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  11,  224;  Horn,  1878,  Tr.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  7,  8,  13,  pi.  1,  f.  14;  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  20^;  Chamb.,  1926, 
Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.'',  10. 

This  is  one  of  the  commonest,  most  variable  and  widely  distributed  species 
of  California,  west  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  It  is  generall}^  to  be  found  in 
flowers,  particularly  certain  Compositae. 

Type  locality :  Fort  Tejon,  California  (Xantus  coll.). 

Recorded  distribution  :  most  of  California^'  ^,  Arizona^,  Utah',  Washington', 
and  Lower  California.  Several  of  the  localities  given  are  questionable,  prob- 
ably due  to  misidentification. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  San  Vicente,  May  8,  1938,  three  specimens 
collected  by  W.  E.  Simonds  (Cazier  coll. 


(12)  Acmaeodera  subbalteata  LeConte 

Acmaeodera  subbalteata  LeConte,  1863,  Smith,  Misc.  Coll.,  6,  no.  167^,  82^;  Horjst,  1878, 
Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  7,  8,  20,  pi.  1,  f.  31;  1894.  Proc  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4,  328;  Fall,  1899, 
Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  30. 

This  is  a  small  and  apparently  very  rare  species,  known  definitely  only  by 
the  type.  Fall  states  that  he  has  seen  two  specimens  from  New  Mexico  which 
appear  to  be  the  same  but  these  need  to  be  compared  with  the  type. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California,  Cape  San  Lucas. 

(13)  Acmaeodera  opinabilis  Fall 

Plate  6,  fig.  5 

Acmaeodera  opinabilis  Fall,  1899,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  7(1),  30,  31;  Chamb.,  1926, 
Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.  28=^. 

This  is  a  small  species,  apparently  limited  to  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower 
California.  Most  of  the  specimens  in  museums  were  collected  by  Gustav 
Beyer  and  distributed  bv  Charles  Fuchs.  In  the  series  which  Fall  and  others 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPEESTIDAE  OF  LOWEE  CALIFORNIA  103 

received  were  two  closely  related  but,  I  think,  quite  different  species.  The 
larger,  broader  species,  with  prothorax  ornamented  on  the  sides  with  a  yellow 
patch  and  the  elytral  apices  somewhat  blunt,  is  the  true  opinahilis.  It  is  ap- 
parently scarce,  for  but  few  specimens  are  in  collections.  The  smaller  species, 
now  without  a  name,  I  will  describe  following  this.. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California,  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California,  San  Jose  del  Cabo^'  ^,  Santa  Eosa". 

(14)  Acmaeodera  lucana  Van  Dyke,  new^  species 

Plate  6,  fig.  1 

Small,  narrow,  cuneate ;  head,  pronotum  and  under  surface  aeneous,  elytra 
dull  black,  bluish  black  or  very  feebly  bronzed,  generally  somewhat  aeneous 
along  suture,  and  ornamented  with  three  irregular,  yellow  maculations,  the 
first  subbasal,  transverse,  partly  encircling  humeri  anteriorly  and  extending 
from  third  interval  to  submarginal  interval,  the  second  at  middle,  obliquely 
transverse  and  likewise  extending  from  third  to  submarginal  interval,  and  the 
third,  irregular,  lunate,  and  longitudinal,  running  from  the  posterior  third 
towards  apex,  this  last  often  connected  laterally  with  the  middle  band.  Head 
coarsely,  moderately  closely  punctured,  contiguously  so  posteriorly,  feebly, 
longitudinalh^  impressed  between  the  eyes,  and  with  short,  arcuate  setae  aris- 
ing from  the  punctures;  the  cl^q^eus  broadly  triangularly  emarginate  in  front ; 
antennae  short,  reaching  two  thirds  back  along  the  prothorax,  with  segments 
2—1  narrow  and  but  little  broader  than  long,  the  fourth  slightly  the  broadest 
while  segments  5-10  are  broad  and  somewhat  triangular.  Prothorax  some- 
what more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long,  apex  bisinuate,  sides  feebly  arcuately 
wider  to  posterior  third  then  narrowed  to  base,  disk  convex  with  transverse 
impression  back  of  apex,  a  feeble,  median  longitudinal  impression,  f oveate  at 
base,  and  lunate  impression  laterally,  coarsely,  deeply,  closely  punctured, 
cribrately  so  at  sides,  and  in  fresh  specimens  with  short  setae  similar  to  those 
of  head  arising  from  the  punctures.  Elytra  over  twice  as  wide  as  long,  as  wide 
basally  as  base  of  prothorax,  the  sides  from  humeri  almost  straight  and  grad- 
ually converging  until  near  posterior  third  where  they  become  feebly  arcuated 
and  converge  to  apex ;  the  disk  more  or  less  flattened,  striae  with  coarse,  deep, 
closely  placed  punctures,  intervals  equally  elevated  except  sutural  which  is 
at  times  somewhat  more  elevated  and  subcarinate,  as  broad  or  feebly  broader 
than  striae,  more  or  less  flattened  above  and  generally  rather  definitely  shal- 
lowly  and  regularly  punctured,  a  very  small,  semierect  seta,  often  removed 
in  old  specimens,  arising  from  each  puncture.  Beneath  with  front  margin  of 
prosternum  practically  transverse,  the  general  surface  alutaceous  and  rather 
coarsely,  somewhat  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  of  abdomen  separated 
by  more  than  their  own  breadth  and  each  with  a  short,  white,  much  inclined 
seta  arising  from  it ;  last  ventral  segment  with  a  very  vague  submarginal  ca- 
rina. Length  6  mm.  and  breadth  2.25  mm.  (in  type) ,  in  the  usual  smaller  speci- 
mens, length  4.5  mm.  and  breadth  1.5  mm. 


104  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  (No.  4833,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower 
California,  Van  Dyke  Collection,  probably  collected  by  Gustav  Beyer  and 
distributed  by  Charles  Fnchs.  Paratypes  :  nineteen  specimens,  all  from  Lower 
California  and  all  but  one  supposedly  collected  by  Gustav  Beyer  in  1901,  and 
now  distributed  as  follows :  two  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  five  from  Santa 
Rosa,  in  the  Blaisdell,  Van  Dyke,  and  Fenyes  collections  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences ;  four  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  one  from  Santa  Rosa 
in  the  Wickham  collection  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum ;  two  specimens  from 
Santa  Rosa  and  three  marked  "Lower  Calif."  from  the  C.  W.  Long  collection 
now  belonging  to  M.  Cazier,  and  a  single  specimen  returned  to  H.  C.  Fall.  The 
nineteenth  specimen  was  collected  at  Triunfo,  Lower  California,  July  13, 1938, 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  This  last  has  the  elytra  more  bronzed  than  usual, 
and  the  markings  of  the  left  elytron  somewhat  different  from  those  on  the 
right  in  that  the  anterior  yellow  patch  has  a  spur  extending  along  the  fifth 
interval  almost  to  the  median  patch. 

This  species  as  stated  above,  has  always  been  associated  with  opinahilis.  Fall 
surmised  that  it  might  prove  to  be  distinct.  A  critical  study  of  the  two  species 
and  an  examination  of  longer  series  of  one  of  them  has  convinced  me  that  they 
are  different  though  closely  allied  species.  Acmaeodera  lucana  when  compared 
with  opinahilis  is  found  to  be  smaller,  more  opaque,  and  with  acute  elytral 
apices  whereas  the  latter  is  somewhat  broader  and  with  elytra  proportion- 
ately shorter  and  blunt  apically ;  always  has  a  unicolored  prothorax  whereas 
there  are  lateral  yellow  spots  in  opinahilis ;  has  the  setae  of  the  entire  upper 
surface  very  short,  one  half  the  length  of  the  setae  in  the  latter  species  where 
they  are  as  long  as  punctures  are  wide,  and  suberect  as  well ;  the  elytra  have 
intervals  that  are  in  general  as  broad  or  broader  than  striae  and  the  sutural 
interval  posteriorly  a  bit  more  elevated  and  subcarinate,  whereas  in  opinahilis 
the  intervals  are  narrower  than  striae  and  the  sutural  intervals  fiat  like  the 
other  intervals;  the  punctuation  beneath  in  lucana  moderately  coarse,  the 
punctures  on  the  abdomen  separated  by  more  than  their  own  breadth  and  with 
the  setae  short,  fine  and  rather  closely  appressed  while  in  the  other  the  punc- 
tuation beneath  is  coarse  and  close  and  the  setae  conspicuous  and  suberect. 

(15)  Acmaeodera  rubescens  Schaeffer 

Plate  6,  fig.  2 

Acmaeodera  rubescens  Schffr.,  1904,  Joiirn.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  12(4),  210^;  Chamb.  1926, 
Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.,  35^ 

This  is  a  very  distinctly  marked  little  species  belonging  in  the  same  group 
with  opinabilis  and  lucana,  hut  differing  from  both  by  having  the  apex  of  the 
elytra  quite  rufous.  The  figure  given  was  drawn  from  a  specimen  kindly 
loaned  by  Dr.  H.  C.  Fall  who  shipped  his  unique  across  the  continent  in  order 
that  I  might  have  an  opportunity  to  study  the  species.  This  specimen,  the 
type,  and  the  specimens  in  the  Howard  Notman  collection,  were  all  collected 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN^  DYKE:   BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  105 

by  Gustav  Beyer,  and  are  probably  the  only  known  specimens  of  this  species. 
It  was  not  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Type  locality:  Lower  California,  Santa  Rosa^  (Beyer  coll.). 

Recorded  distribution :  Santa  Rosa  and  El  Taste^,  Lower  California. 

The  foregoing  species  opinahilis,  lucana  and  ruhescens,  all  restricted  to  the 
Cape  Region  of  Lower  California  as  far  as  we  know,  form  a  closely  knit  group 
which  is  more  or  less  characterized  by  small  size,  depressed  and  cuneate  form, 
coarse  sculpturing,  somewhat  subopaque  appearance  and  with  very  incon- 
spicuous vestiture.  As  much  as  they  are  so  characteristic  of  Lower  California 
and  generally  rare  in  collections,  I  have  had  them  all  illustrated  and  give  a 
sjaioptic  key  for  their  separation. 

Key  for  Acmaeodera  opinabilis  and  its  close  relatives. 

1.  Pronotum  maculate,  with  a  yellow  spot  at  sides  or  near  hind  angles,  Elytral  apices 

blunt 2 

Pronotum  unicolorous  black,  moderately  coarsely  punctured,  but  with  punctures  well 
separated  on  disk;  elytra  subopaque,  with  apices  rather  acute;  the  striae  as  broad  or 
broader  than  intervals,  the  punctures  large,  deep  and  close,  punctures  of  intervals 
quite  evident lucana 

2.  Pronotum  with  yellow  spot  near  hind  angles,  the  disk  very  coarsely,  approximately  punc- 

tured; Elytra  subopaque,  with  anterior  maculations  and  apex  red,  the  striae  wider 
than  intervals,  the  punctures  coarse,  deep  and  close,  the  intervals  narrow,  finely  rugose 

with  small  punctures:  antennae  with  outer  segments  very  wide ruhescens 

Pronotum  with  yellow  spot  at  sides  well  in  front  of  hind  angles,  the  disk  coarsely,  more 
or  less  cribrately  punctured ;  elytra  somewhat  shining,  with  all  maculations  yellow,  the 
striae  hardly  wdder  than  intervals,  the  punctures  coarse  and  deep  but  well  spaced,  in- 
tervals quite  smooth  and  with  very  fine,  sparse  punctures opinahilis 

(16)  Acmaeodera  sabinae  Knull 

Acmaeodera  sahinae  Knull,  1937,  Ent.  News,  48,  15-16. 

This  is  a  very  small,  narrow  sijecies  easily  recognized  by  the  white,  digitate 
scales  placed  along  the  sides  of  the  abdomen. 

Type  locality :  Sabina  Canyon,  near  Tucson,  Ariz.,  on  mesquite. 

New  records:  Lower  California,  Tiburon  Is.,  Gulf  of  Calif.  (2  specimens 
coll.  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  C.A.S.)  ;  20  miles  w.  of  Santa  Rosalia  (2  spec.  M. 
and  R.)  and  14  miles  S.  of  El  Arco  Mine  (1  spec.  M.  and  R.) . 

(17)  Acmaeodera  stigmata  Horn 

Plate  6,  fig.  3 
Acmaeodera  stigmata  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  4,  370,  pi.  7,  f.  2\ 

This  species,  described  from  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California,  is  very 
close  in  its  color  pattern  to  hivulnerea  from  Arizona,  but  differs  by  not  having 
the  mammiform  elevation  each  side  of  the  median  portion  of  the  bisinuate 
prosternal  margin. 

Type  locality:  Lower  California,  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Type  No.  24  C.A.S.) . 

New  records :  Lower  California,  Mesquital,  July  28, 1938,  and  Triunf o,  July 
13,1938  (M.  andR.). 


106  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(18)  Acmaeodera  f aceta  Fall 

Acmaeodera  f aceta  YaU,  1907,  Canad.  Ent.,  39,  241. 

A  poorly  defined  species,  very  close  to  the  preceding  but  more  cylindrical 
and  with  prothorax  black  instead  of  aeneous.  No  specimens  found  since  the 
type. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California,  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer) . 

(19)  Acmaeodera  junki  Thery 

Acmaeodera  junM  Thery,  1929,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Egypte,  115, 

Acmaeodera  squamosa  Van  Dyke  (nee.  squamosa  Thery),  1919,  Ent.  News,  30,  186-187. 

This  small  and  peculiar  species,  markedly  sexuall}^  dimorphic,  belongs  in 
the  same  group  with  guttifera  Lee.  (versuta  Horn  J)  and  a  number  of  other 
small  and  equally  dimorphic  species  which  are  characteristic  of  the  more  arid 
regions  of  the  Southwest.  A  single  female  specimen  was  collected  in  Lower 
California  which  differs  from  the  normal  females  of  Arizona  in  that  two  spots 
on  the  marginal  interval  near  the  apex  of  the  elytra  are  red  instead  of  yellow. 

Type  locality :  Arizona,  Florence. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona,  Catalina  Springs  and  Hot  Springs,  taken 
on  Jatropha  multifida,  also  reared  from  Palo  Yerde  b}^  Barber  and  Schwarz ; 
Texas,  (LengCat.). 

New  records :  Lower  California,  20  miles  S.  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938 
(M.  andR.). 

(20)  Acmaeodera  varipilis  Van  Djd^ie 

Plate  6,  fig.  7 
Acmaeodera  varipilis  Van  Dyke,  1934,  Ent.  News,  45,  62-63. 

This  species,  somewhat  longer  than  the  preceding,  belongs  in  the  same  group 
with  it. 

Type  locality :  Tiburon  Island,  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  localities:  Texas,  Finley;  Arizona,  Oracle,  Cave  Creek,  Sabino 
Canyon  on  Acacia  constricta  (Hofer). 

New  records :  Lower  California,  15  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24,  1938 ; 
20  miles  W.  of  San  Rosalia,  June  24,  1938  ;  14  miles  S.  of  El  Arco  Mine,  June 
23,  1938 ;  Mesquital,  July  28,  1938 ;  and  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18, 
1938 ;  fifteen  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  guttifera  group  of  Acmaeodera 

This  group,  including  the  two  preceding  species,  comprises  a  small  number 
of  species,  generally  placed  in  the  truncate  series  of  the  genus,  but  closely 
allied  among  themselves  and  distinct  from  other  members  of  the  truncatae 
by  the  marked  sexual  dimorphism  as  sho^vn  in  the  ventral  vestiture  of  the 
sexes.  The  males  have  the  entire  abdomen  clothed  with  a  uniform  type  of  vesti- 
ture, either  pile  or  scales,  while  the  females  have  the  abdominal  vestiture  of  a 


Vol.  XXIY]  VAN  DYKE:  BUPBESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  107 

double  type,  that  of  the  forepart  similar  to  that  of  the  males  of  the  same  spe- 
cies, while  the  apical  segments  are  clothed  with  a  rather  long,  dense,  gray  or 
fulvous  pile  which  is  more  or  less  curved  forwards.  There  are  six  species 
described  to  date  as  far  as  I  know,  in  the  group,  and  they  are  confined  to  the 
Southwest,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  southern  California  and  Lower  California. 
Their  nearest  relatives  are  probably  the  more  or  less  cylindrical  Acmaeodera 
like  crihricollis,  wheeleri,  vanchizeei,  and  so  forth,  species  which  often  have 
the  short,  scalelike  setae  on  the  elytra  and  the  dense  scaly  vestiture  of  the  ab- 
domen, which  is  so  characteristic  of  certain  members  of  the  gtittifera  group. 

Key  for  the  species  of  the  guttifera  group  of  Acmaeodera. 

1.  Upper  surface  clothed  with  hair 2 

Upper  surface  clothed  with  scales  or  scalelike  setae 3 

2.  Upper  surface  clothed  with  fine,  sparse,  suberect  pile  in  both  sexes ;  abdomen  of  males 

with  fine  and  short,  more  or  less  recumbent  pile,  the  females  with  similar  pile  on  front 
of  abdomen  but  with  the  longer,  gray  and  forward  curved  pile  on  the  apical  portion  of 
abdomen.  Southern  California,  on  oak guttifera  Lee.  5  (versuta  Horn  (^) 

Upper  surface  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  more  or  less  prostrate  pile;  abdomen  of  males 
rather  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  recumbent,  digitate  scales,  the  females  with  similar 
vestiture  on  front  of  abdomen  but  with  longer,  gray  forward  curved  pile  as  in  preceding 
species  on  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen pinalorum  Knull 

3.  Elytra!  intervals  studded  with  roAvs  of  short,  white,  suberect  scalelike  setae 4 

Elytra  more  or  less  clothed  with  recumbent  scales  and  pile 5 

4.  Prothorax  considerably  wider  at  middle ;  disk  coarsely,  more  or  less  cribrately  punctured, 

the  vestiture  pilose  but  passing  into  long,  digitate  scales  at  sides ;  elytra  generally  with 
two  rows  of  yellow  spots  on  each  elytron,  the  striae  deeply  impressed,  and  in  most  cases 
fully  as  wide  as  intervals,  intervals  convex;  general  color  a  dull  bronze;  beneath,  abdo- 
men in  males  clothed  with  rather  short,  closely  appressed  digtate  scales,  in  females  the 
scales  longer  and  more  hairlike  in  front  and  the  last  three  segments  with  the  long  for- 
ward curved  pile.  Lower  California,  Arizona varipilis  Van  Dyke 

Sides  of  prothorax  evenly  arcuate,  less  wide  at  middle  than  in  preceding  species,  disk 
^ttdth  coarse  but  not  approximate  punctures  though  cribate  at  sides,  the  vestiture  simi- 
lar to  above  species  but  shorter ;  elytra  usually  with  but  one  row  of  yellow  spots  on  each 
elytron,  with  striae  more  finely  impressed  and  generally  narrower  than  intervals,  the 
latter  generally  flattened  above ;  general  color  a  shining  bronze ;  beneath,  males  rather 
densely  clothed  with  closely  appressed,  white,  digitate  scales,  the  females  similarly 
clothed  in  front  but  with  long,  fulvous,  forward  curved  pile  posteriorly.  New  Mexico 
and  Arizona hulli  Knull 

5.  Species  rather  short  and  robust,  prothorax  much  wider  than  long  and  broadest  at  middle, 

the  closely  appressed  short  and  broad  scales  of  both  elytra  and  under  surface  conspic- 
uous, no  evidence  of  hair,  except  on  terminal  segments  of  abdomen  in  females  where 
the  pile  is  long,  fulvous  and  curved  forward.  Arizona  and  Lower  California 

junTci  Thery 

Species  somewhat  elongate,  prothorax  but  little  broader  than  long,  broadest  posteriorly 
and  more  finely  and  densely  punctured;  both  upper  and  under  surface  clothed  with 
scales  and  the  disk  of  elytra  with  sparse  pile  as  well.  Yuma,  Ariz jaguriana  Knull 


108  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(21)  Acmaeodera  larreae  Fall 

Acmaeodera  larreae  Fall,  1907,  Canad.  Ent.,  39,  24P;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am.  24^. 

An  elongate,  cylindrical  species,  questionably  separable  from  crihiicollis 
Horn,  the  type  of  which  was  collected  at  El  Paso,  Tex. 

Type  locality :  Mojave,  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  Arizona";  California,  Mojave\ 

New  records,  California,  Imperial  Co.,  Palm  Springs;  Arizona,  Tucson; 
Lower  California,  Chapala  dry  lake,  June  21, 1938  (M.  and  R.) . 

(22)  Acmaeodera  vanduzeei  Van  Dyke 

Plate  6,  fig.  9 
Acmaeodera  vanduzeei  Van  Dyke,  1934,  Ent.  News.,  45,  64-65. 

This  species  is  only  represented  by  the  type  species  as  far  as  I  know.  The 
more  or  less  cylindrical  form,  short  elytral  setae  and  dense,  scaly  vestiture 
of  abdomen,  make  it  rather  a  distinctive  species. 

Type  locality :  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island,  Pond  Island  Bay,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. ,  ,    .    .  TT 

(23)  Acmaeodera  quadrivittata  Horn 

Acmaeodera  quadrivittata  Horn,  1870,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  III,  79;  1878^  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc.  VII,  232 ;  Fall,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.,  VII  (1),  34;  Chamb.;  1926,  Cat.  Biipr.s,  33^ 

This  small  and  rather  distinctlj^  marked  species  is  common  and  widely  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  Southwest. 

Type  locality:  Utah  (Palmer). 

Recorded  distribution :  Colorado,  Utah,  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Cali- 
fornia^' ^ 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Hamilton  Ranch,  Aug.  2,  1938.  (M.  and 
R.)  and  ten  miles  W.  of  San  Fernando,  40  specimens,  July  31, 1938,  in  fiow^ers 
oi  Echinocactus  (M.  and  R.). 

Genus  Acmaeoderoides  Van  Dyke,  new  genus 

Small,  short  and  compact.  Head  of  moderate  size,  transverse ;  eyes  rather 
large,  elliptical  and  vertical,  well  separated  by  a  broad  front ;  antennae  eleven- 
segmented,  reaching  middle  of  prothorax,  first  segment  clavate,  second  small 
and  elliptical,  third  subcylindrical  and  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  fourth 
to  tenth  moderately  serrate,  eleventh  elongate  elliptical.  Prothorax  transverse, 
evenly  convex  above  with  feebly  impressed  median  longitudinal  impression, 
deep  f  oveae  within  hind  angles  near  base,  without  lateral  margins,  and  with  a 
finely  elevated  meshwork  of  sculpturing,  produced  by  the  finely  elevated  mar- 
gins of  the  broad  and  shallow  umbilicate  punctures.  Scutellum  distinct,  cordi- 
f orm.  Elytra  somewhat  over  twice  as  long  as  prothorax,  more  or  less  flattened 
on  disk,  margins  serrate  apically,  with  punctured  striae  well  impressed  and 
sparsely  clothed  with  short,  suberect,  and  more  or  less  hooked  scales,  a  bit 
more  robust  than  the  similar  type  of  scales  on  head  and  prothorax,  and  ar- 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE :  BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  109 

ranged  in  rows  on  the  feebly  elevated  intervals ;  and  with  the  epipleurae 
broadly  lobed  in  front  thus  covering  the  outer  portion  of  metasternum,  me- 
taepimeron  and  outer  part  of  hind  coxae  plate.  Beneath :  hind  coxae  with  the 
anterior  margin  straight ;  the  first  and  second  ventral  plates  often  distinctly 
separated  by  a  well  impressed  transverse  linear  impression  though  probably 
connate.  Tarsal  claws  with  a  broad  basal  tooth. 

Genotype  :  Acmaeodera  insignis  Horn. 

This  genus  is  established  for  the  reception  of  a  series  of  three  small  species 
previously  described  in  the  genus  Acmaeodera,  A.  rossi  Cazier  {Tyndaris  halli 
Knull)  and  A.  humeralis  Cazier  being  the  other  species  included  besides  the 
genotype.  The  fact  that  all  had  a  very  distinct  scutellum  escaped  the  attention 
of  Horn  and  Cazier.  This  fact  indicates  that  they  could  not  belong  to  Acmaeo- 
dera since  one  of  the  primal  characters  of  that  genus  is  the  concealed  or  prac- 
tically absent  scutellum.  The  presence  of  a  scutellum  in  the  present  genus  also 
indicates  that  it  is  of  primitive  stock.  Further  study  also  confirms  this  by 
finding  the  first  and  second  ventral  segments  more  or  less  separated  by  an 
evident  suture  in  the  type  species,  though  this  is  obscure  in  rossi  and  humer- 
alis. The  prothorax  without  lateral  margins  and  the  broadly  lobed  epipleurae 
in  front  concealing  the  side  pieces  of  the  metathorax  are  added  characters  of 
distinction. 

(24)  Acmaeoderoides  insignis  (Horn) 
Plate  6,  fig.  4 

Acmaeodera  insignis  HorNj  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  IV,  377. 

This  is  a  small,  stubby,  black  species  with  clouded  yellow  markings  found 
in  the  desert  regions  of  southern  California  and  Lower  California. 

Type  locality:  Lower  California  (Type  No.  28,  C.A.S.),  San  Ramundo,  in 
cactus  flower. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  Isla  Partida,  Gulf  of  Calif.  (C.A.S.)  ;  and 
southern  California,  Palm  Springs  (Timberlake). 

(25)  Hippomelas  obHteratus  (LeConte) 

Chalcophora  ohliterata  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  66. 

Gyascutus  ohliteratus  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  11,  189;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  4(2),  327;  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  11(2),  65. 
Hippomelas  obliterata  Kerr.,  1903,  Gen.  Insect.  Fasc.  12(1),  65. 
Gyascutus  fidelis  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  11(2)65. 

This  very  variable  species  ranges  from  west  Texas  to  the  desert  parts  of 
southern  California  and  also  extends  well  into  Lower  California.  It  is  nor- 
mally found  about  mesquite  (Prosopis) . 

Type  locality:  near  the  international  boundary  between  El  Paso,  Texas, 
and  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  western  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  southern  Ne- 
vada, southern  Utah,  southern  California  and  from  El  Chinche  and  Cabo  San 
Lucas  in  Lower  California  (Horn). 


110  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records :  San  Pedro  Bay,  Gulf  of  Calif.,  July  7,  1921,  E.  P.  Van  Duzee 
(C.A.S.)  ;  Catavina,  Lower  Calif.,  June  19,  1938  (M.  and  R.)  and  7  miles  S. 
of  El  Marmol,  L.  Calif.,  June  18,  1939  (M.  and  R.). 

(26)  Hippomelas  planicosta  (LeConte) 

Chalcopliora  planicosta  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Ac.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  66. 

Gyascutus  planicosta  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  189,  pi.  12,  fig.  1;  Casey,  1909, 

Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  61. 
Hippomelas  planicosta  Kerr.,  1903,  Gen.  Insect.  Fasc.  12(1),  65. 

This  species  is  widely  distributed  throughout  the  arid  Southwest,  extending 
into  western  Mexico  and  Lower  California.  It  is  a  most  variable  species,  break- 
ing up  into  an  innumerable  number  of  races  and  varieties,  which  often  differ 
much  in  size,  form,  sculpturing  and  color,  yet  which  seem  to  me  all  linked 
together  in  one  great  complex,  the  species  planicosta. 

Type  locality :  along  the  International  Line  between  El  Paso,  Texas,  and 
San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution  :  various  places  in  southern  California,  Arizona,  New 
Mexico,  and  the  states  of  Sonora  and  Durango  in  Mexico. 

New  records:  Pond  Island  Bay,  Lower  Calif.,  June  20,  1921  (C.A.S.)  and 
San  Marcos  Island,  Gulf  of  Calif.,  June  19, 1921  (C.A.S.),  coUected  by  E.  P. 
Van  Duzee  and  others  during  1921  Expedition  of  California  Academy  of 
Sciences. 

The  specimens  from  Pond  Island  are  three  in  number,  and  are  all  rather 
short,  reddish  in  color,  and  non  metallic  except  about  the  head.  From  San 
Marcos  Island,  there  are  thirty  nine  specimens,  all  similar  in  shape  to  the 
above.  These  latter  resemble  typical  southern  California  specimens,  but  are 
in  general  shorter,  proportionally  broader  and  stouter,  have  the  pronotal 
callosities  more  broken  up  and  scattered;  the  elytra  with  the  carinae  more 
regularly  elevated,  especially  posteriorly,  with  the  area  at  the  base  of  the  first 
stria  also  considerabh^  elevated  and  callosed,  and  the  upper  surface  in  general 
black  and  with  but  little  metallic  lustre.  It  is  a  well  marked  race,  yet  hardly 
worthy  of  a  distinctive  name. 

(27)  Hippomelas  caelatus  LeConte 

Chalcophora  caelata  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.  67. 

Gyascutus  caelatus,  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  190. 

Hippomelas  caelata  Kerr.,  1903,  Gen.  Insec.  Fasc.  12,  65;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat  Buprestidae, 

206. 
Stictocera  caelata  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  69. 

This  species  like  the  two  preceding  ranges  throughout  the  warmer  areas  of 
our  Southwest.  It  breeds  in  a  number  of  desert  trees  like  the  Palo  Verde  {Cer- 
cidium  fioridum) . 

Type  locality :  Ures,  Sonora,  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution  :  various  places  in  Texas,  Arizona,  southern  Califor- 
nia, northwestern  Mexico  and  Lower  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE :  BUPBESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  111 

(28)  Hippomelas  Castelnau,  Subgenus  Nanularia  Casey 

Nanularia  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Ac.  Sci.,  11(2),  172-173. 

Nanularia,  I  cannot  consider  as  a  genus.  Its  dominant  structural  charac- 
ters, such  as  the  form  of  the  sternum  and  the  disposition  of  the  antennal  pores, 
are  entirely  in  agreement  with  the  characters  that  define  the  tribe  Chalco- 
phorini,  and  are  not  in  agreement  with  those  of  the  tribe  Buprestini  where  it 
is  now  placed  in  the  Leng  Catalogue.  It  is  in  fact  very  close  to  the  genus  Hip- 
pomelas, in  reality  nothing  more  than  a  subgenus  of  that  where  I  am  placing 
it.  In  a  species  which  I  have  before  me,  are  found  characters  which  show  its 
close  relationship  to  certain  of  the  smaller  and  more  cupreous  forms  of  Hip- 
pomelas ohliteratus  (Lee).  The  appendix  of  the  eleventh  antennal  segment, 
a  character  upon  which  Casey  placed  much  weight,  I  consider  of  little  impor- 
tance generically,  seeing  that  it  is  more  or  less  vestigial  in  nature  and,  as 
would  be  expected,  quite  variable,  as  can  be  shown  by  examining  a  respectable 
series  of  many  of  the  species.  In  Hippomelas  proper,  there  are  always  evi- 
dences of  pronotal  callosities  whereas  in  Nanularia,  typical  callosities  are  ab- 
sent, a  median  smooth  area  in  some  specimens  being  the  nearest  approach. 

In  the  past,  the  specimens  of  Nanularia  have  been  so  rare  in  collections  that 
comparative  studies  of  the  species  could  not  be  made  with  satisfaction.  We, 
fortunately,  now  have  numerous  specimens  of  some  of  the  species,  so  an  at- 
tempt will  be  made  to  differentiate  those  which  are  now  known  to  me. 

Key  for  the  species  of  the  subgenus  Nanularia  of  Hippomelas : 

1.  Outer  antennal  segments  as  broad  or  broader  than  long ;  first  segment  of  posterior  tarsi 

about  one  third  longer  than  second 2 

Antennal  segments  all  longer  than  broad;  prothorax  with  sides  feebly  arcuate,  broadest 
at  middle,  disk  very  coarsely,  irregularly  punctured  with  punctures  frequently  anas- 
tomosing; elytra  subcylindrical  or  feebly  narrowing  behind,  with  intervals  definitely 
raised,  iregularly  interrupted  and  thus  somewhat  granular  in  appearance;  first  seg- 
ment of  hind  tarsi  almost  twice  as  long  as  second granulatus 

2.  Antennae  extending  backwards  beyond  center  of  prothorax;  body  unicolored,  a  deep 

reddish  bronze ;  pronotum  coarsely,  rather  uniformly  punctured 3 

Antennae  short,  not  extending  backwards  beyond  center  of  prothorax;  body  generally 
bicolored,  head  and  prothorax  a  greenish  bronze,  elytra  a  reddish  bronze;  pronotum 
more  finely,  closely  punctured  and  conspicuously  pubescent inyoensis 

3.  Prothorax  with  sides  quite  arcuate  anteriorly,  broadest  in  front  of  middle,  disk  coarsely 

deeply  punctured  with  distinct  median  longitudinal  impression;  elytra  always  broad- 
est at  humeri,  narrowing  posteriorly cupreofusca 

Prothorax  with  sides  feebly  arcuate,  broadest  at  middle,  disk  with  punctures  coarse  and 
dense,  median  longitudinal  impression  vague;  elytha  with  sides  almost  parallel  in 
front calif  ornica 

(29)  Hippomelas  (Nanularia)  granulatus  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Elongate,  cylindrical,  rugose  above,  dark,  violaceous  bronze  and  somewhat 
dull  in  appearance.  Head  flattened  in  front,  coarsely,  irregularly  punctured 
and  sparsely  clothed  with  fine,  suberect,  white  pile,  with  distinct,  angular 


112  CALIFOBXIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

frontal  prominences  above  the  antennal  sockets ;  eyes  as  usual  large  and  prom- 
inent; antennae  extending  back  behind  middle  of  prothorax,  segments  all 
longer  than  broad,  third  subcylindrical,  one-third  longer  than  second,  fourth 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  4-11  gradually  shorter  and  with  free  angles  well 
rounded,  eleventh  with  the  merest  rudiment  of  an  appendage.  Prothorax 
about  one-third  broader  than  long,  widest  at  middle,  base  broadly  lobed  at 
middle,  the  lobe  feebly  emarginate  in  front  of  scutellum,  sides  slightly  ar- 
cuate in  front,  sinuate  behind ;  disk  very  coarsely,  irregularly  punctured,  the 
punctures  anastomosing  here  and  there.  Elytra  about  one  mm.  longer  than 
twice  as  long  as  wide,  broadest  at  base,  or  with  sides  parallel  in  basal  half, 
narrowing  apically,  apical  margins  finely  serrate ;  disk  evenly  convex,  striae 
well  defined,  intervals  well  elevated  but  broken  up  into  a  multitude  of  fine 
granulations  by  numerous  interruptions.  Beneath  coarsely  punctured  in 
front,  prosternal  spine  smooth,  and  more  finely  punctured  and  somewhat 
scabrous  on  abdomen,  the  hind  margins  of  segments  smooth,  entire  surface 
also  sparsely  pubescent.  Hind  tarsi  with  first  segment  almost  twice  as  long  as 
second.  Holotype,  length  11  mm.,  breadth  3.75  mm.,  paratype,  length  8  mm., 
breadth  2.5  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4840,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.)  from  10  miles  S.  of  Punta  Prieta, 
Lower  California,  June  21, 1938 ;  paratype  from  Catavina,  Lower  California, 
June  19, 1938 ;  both  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  rather  dull  and  rugose  species  looks  much  like  a  diminutive  Hippo- 
melas  sphenicus.  It  also  suggests  a  small  Hippomelas  ohliteratus  (LeC).  In 
fact  three  small  specimens  of  a  dark  cupreous  phase  of  the  latter  were  taken 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  in  Lower  California,  one  in  fact  at  Catavina,  which 
were  at  first  confused  with  these.  The  antennae  of  ohliteraUis  are,  however, 
much  longer,  passing  behind  the  hind  margin  of  the  prothorax,  the  individual 
segments  much  longer  proportionately  though  these  vary  sexually.  The  cal- 
losities on  the  disk  on  the  prothorax,  the  much  more  planed  down  sculpturing 
of  the  elytra,  and  the  more  tapering  form  of  the  afterbody  also  distinguish 
this  species  from  granulatus.  The  long-segmented  antennae,  long  first  segment 
to  hind  tarsi,  and  tendency  to  have  discal  callosities  on  the  prothorax  show 
that  granulatus  is  also  somewhat  of  a  connecting  link  between  ohliteratus  and 
the  more  typical  species  of  Nanularia.  From  its  fellows  in  the  latter  subgenus, 
granulatus  differs  as  indicated  in  the  Key,  by  the  longer  antennae,  more  rugose 
and  granular  sculpturing  and  duller  appearance. 

(30)  Hippomelas  (Nanularia)  inyoensis  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Elongate,  cylindrical,  punctate-rugose,  moderately  clothed  with  a  fine,  short 
pile,  most  evident  on  head  and  prothorax,  and  bicolored,  the  head,  prothorax 
and  under  surface  of  a  greenish  bronze  ,  the  elytra  of  a  reddish  bronze.  Head 
feebly  convex  in  front,  densely  punctured,  and  clothed  with  short,  fine,  erect, 
white  pile,  the  supraantennal  prominence  small  and  angular ;  eyes  large  and 
moderately  prominent ;  antennae  short,  about  reaching  middle  of  prothorax. 


Vol.  XXIV]  FAN  DYKE:   BUPBESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  113 

third  segment  subcylindrical  and  a  third  longer  than  broad,  fourth  as  broad  as 
long,  5-10  transverse,  and  eleventh  with  a  small  appendage,  almost  obliter- 
ated in  males.  Prothorax  barely  a  fifth  broader  than  long,  generally  broadest  at 
base,  gradually  arcuately  narrowing  forwards  and  feebly  sinuate  near  apex, 
apex  slightly  arcuate  medially,  base  with  short,  broad  lobe,  emarginate  in  front 
of  scutellum ;  disk  densely,  somewhat  coarselj^  punctured  and  pubescent  like 
the  head  and  generally  with  a  vague,  median  longitudinal  impression.  Elytra 
slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  just  perceptibly  broader  at  humeri 
than  at  posterior  third,  feebly  sinuate  at  middle  and  gradually  narrowing 
apically  to  truncate  apices,  the  apical  margins  finely,  somewhat  indistinctly 
serrate ;  disk  moderately  flattened,  striae  distinct  and  irregularly  punctured 
and  the  intervals  but  little  elcA^ated,  irregularly  punctured  and  rugose,  and 
sparsely  clothed  with  a  short,  fine,  suberect  pile.  Beneath  coarsely  punctured 
in  front,  more  finely  punctured  on  ventral  segments.  Hind  tarsi  with  first  seg- 
ment about  one-third  longer  than  second.  Holotype  female,  length  8  mm., 
breadth  2.75  mm. ;  allotype  male,  length  6.5  mm.,  breadth  2  mm. 

Holotype,  female  (No.  4841,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.)  and  allotype,  male  (Xo. 
4842,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.),  collected  by  myself  near  Lone  Pine,  Inyo  Co.,  Calif., 
the  first,  June  1,  1937,  the  second.  May  23,  1937.  I  have  also  designated  as 
paratypes  numerous  specimens  from  my  series  of  about  a  hundred  and  fifty 
specimens,  collected  on  various  days  during  May  and  June,  1937,  as  well  as 
some  specimens  collected  by  others.  These  specimens  were  all  collected  from 
the  stems  of  the  "Desert  Trumpet,"  a  wild  buckwheat,  Eriogonum  inflatum 
Torr.  and  Frem.,  upon  which  they  seemed  to  be  feeding. 

(31)  Hippomelas  (Nanularia)  cupreofusca  (Casey) 

Nanularia  cupreofusca  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  11(2),  173-174. 

Casey's  species  was  described  from  a  single  specimen  received  from  Dr. 
F.  E.  Blaisdell,  who  collected  it  at  Poway,  San  Diego  Co.,  Calif.  The  Cali- 
fornia Academy  has  thirteen  specimens,  all  collected  by  Dr.  Blaisdell  at  the 
same  time  and  place  as  the  type.  They  were  all  taken  from  the  nests  of  a 
species  of  Cerceris  which  was  provisioning  its  nests  with  them.  The  specimens 
are  all  quite  uniform  in  structure.  At  one  time  the  specimens  were  treated 
with  a  solution  of  bichloride  of  mercury,  to  keep  off  pests.  This  left  its  mark 
by  changing  the  color  to  a  slight  degree.  Before  treatment,  they  were  of  the 
dark,  reddish  copper  color  as  in  calif  ornica.  This  species  is  of  course  very  close 
to  calif  ornica,  and  with  more  material  of  the  latter,  may  be  found  to  grade 
gradually  into  it. 

(32)  Hippomelas  (Nanularia)  californica  (Horn) 

Gyascutus  calif ornicus  Horn,  1875,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  V,  147 
Nanularia^  californica  Casey,  1909,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  11(2),  174. 

This  species  was  described  from  a  unique  in  the  Horn  collection,  now  in  the 
Philadelphia  Academy  of  Sciences,  but  the  author  states  that  there  were  many 


/*• 


114  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  Ser. 

more  specimens  in  the  National  Museum  in  Paris.  It  is  apparently  rare  in 
collections  in  this  country.  I  have  two  specimens  collected  by  myself  in  Cala- 
veras Co.  which  is  in  the  San  Joaquin  Valley,  the  type  locality,  on  Eriogonum, 
and  one  from  near  Ben  Lomond,  Santa  Cruz  Co.,  collected  by  Laurence 
Say  lor. 

This  species,  judged  by  the  specimens  at  hand,  differs  from  the  preceding 
by  being  more  uniformly  cylindrical,  by  having  the  prothorax  broadest  at 
middle,  not  in  front  of,  and  the  punctuation  less  coarse  and  more  regularly 
distributed. 

(33)  Dicerca horni  Crotch 

Dicerca  horni  Crotch,  1873,  Proc.  Ac.  Nat.  Sc.  Phila.,  XXV,  86;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat. 
Buprestidae  N.  Am.,  185. 

Type  locality  :  Tulare  Co.,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution :  Montana,  Idaho,  Wash.,  Oreg.,  Calif.,  Nevada, 
Col.,  and  Ensenada  and  El  Taste  in  Lower  California. 

New  records:  San  Vicente,  Lower  Calif.,  May  11,  1938  (W.  E.  Simonds). 

It  is  not  strange  that  this  common  western  North  American  species,  which 
has  a  multitude  of  host  plants  and  which  is  abundant  in  southern  California, 
should  range  well  into  the  northern  portion  of  Lower  California. 

(34)  Poecilonota  cyanipes  Say 

Poecilonota  cyanipes  Say,  1923,  Journ.  Ac.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Ill,  164;  Crotch,  1873,  Proc. 
Ac.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  25,  88 ;  Horn,  1896,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  VI,  369. 

Type  locality :  Missouri. 

The  only  record  for  this  species  from  Lower  California  is  that  given  by 
Horn,  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  It  is  no  doubt  widely  distributed  there,  and  two 
other  species  of  the  genus  which  have  been  found  close  to  the  northern  border 
also  probably  cross  into  its  territory. 

(35)  CinjnrapurpurascensSchaeffer 

Cinyra  purpurascens  Schffr.,  1905,  Science  Bull.,  Mu.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  and  Sci.,  1(6), 
127. 

This  species  described  as  from  El  Taste,  Lower  California,  was  collected 
by  August  Beyer.  Aside  from  the  type,  there  are  several  other  known  speci- 
mens, all  collected  by  Beyer  and  now  presumably  in  the  collection  of  Howard 
Notman.  It  has  not  been  taken  by  later  collectors. 

(36)  Buprestisaurulenta Linnaeus 

Buprestis  auruJenta  Linn.,  1767,  Syst.  Natur.,  1,  661;  Nicolay  and  Weiss,  1918,  Journ. 

N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.  26,  82-84. 
Buprestis  lauta  LeConte,  1859,  Tr.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  11,  210. 

Type  locality :  "Boreal  America." 

This  species,  widely  distributed  throughout  the  entire  Pacific  Slope  of 
North  America,  has  so  far  not  been  recorded  south  of  California  proper.  I 


Vol.  XXIV]  FAN  BYKE:  BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  115 

have,  however,  seen  remains  of  a  specimen  which  was  collected  dead  from  be- 
neath the  bark  of  Pinus  radiata  Don.,  on  the  Island  of  Guadalnpe  off  the 
coast  of  northwestern  Lower  California 

(37)  Anthaxia  aeneogaster  Castelnau 

Anthaxia  aeneogaster  Cast.,  1839,  Hist,  natur.  Icon,  des  Col.,  1,  32,  pi.  7,  f.  44,  108;  Horn, 
1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4,  327. 

Type  locality :  California. 

This  very  common,  variable  and  wide  spread  species  in  western  North 
America,  was  reported  by  Horn  as  from  Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

(38)  Chrysobothris  octocola  LeConte 

Chrysoiothris  octocola  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  67;  Horn,  1886, 
Monogr.  Chrysohothris,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII,  73;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Bupr.  N.  Am., 
165. 

This  species,  common  and  widely  distributed  throughout  the  arid  lands  of 
our  Southwest  and  northwestern  Mexico,  breeds  in  a  number  of  our  desert 
trees  like  the  mesquite  (Prosopis),  Palo  Verde  {Cercidiiim),  and  Olneya. 
It  was  apparently  first  collected  in  Lower  California  by  Gustav  Beyer  and 
first  recorded  by  Chamberlin. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution :  Various  places  in  western  Texas,  Arizona,  south- 
eastern California,  northwestern  Mexico  and  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  10  miles  S.  of  Catavina,  July  29,  1938 ; 
7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938;  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21,  1938; 
45  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27,  1938 ;  15  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  June 
24,  1939;  19  miles  E.  of  Rosario ;  Catavina,  June  19,  1938;  and  Miraflores, 
June  8, 1938 ;  all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(39)  Chrysobothris  thoracicus  Schaeffer 

Plate  7,  fig.  5 

Chrysobothris  thoracicus  Schffr.,  1905,  Science  Bull.,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  and  Sci., 

I  (6),  128-129. 
Chrysobothris  edwardsii,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.  (2) IV,  328. 

This  species  is  very  close  to  the  peculiar  species,  edicardsii  Horn,  and  was 
no  doubt  derived  from  the  same  stock.  Its  long  isolation  in  Lower  California, 
has,  as  in  the  case  of  several  other  species  of  Buprestidae  found  in  the  same 
region,  enabled  it  to  become  sufficiently  differentiated  to  appear  as  a  distinct 
species.  This  is  the  species  recorded  by  Horn  as  edwardsii.  As  indicated  by 
Schaeffer,  the  prothorax  is  very  much  broader  behind,  more  wedge  shaped, 
than  is  that  of  edwardsii,  and  the  angles  of  the  clypeus  are  rounded  and  not 
dentiform  as  in  the  latter.  A  specimen  of  edwardsii  from  Hidalgo,  Mexico, 
has  the  prothorax  expanded  behind  as  in  thoracicus  but  the  angles  of  the 
clypeus  are  more  prominent  than  in  typical  edivardsii. 


116  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality:  Lower  California,  El  Taste  and  Santa  Rosa,  collected  by 
Gustav  Beyer. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  one  male,  10  miles  S.W.  of  San  Jose  del 
Cabo,  July  9,  1938,  and  one  female,  Triunfo,  July  13,  1938,  both  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross;  Angeles  Bay,  Gulf  of  Calif,,  June  5,  1921  (Van 
Duzee-C.A.S.) ;  Miraflores,  July  29,  1919  (J.  R.  Slevin-C.A.S.)  ;  and  La  Paz, 
June  29, 1919  (G.  F.  Ferris-C.A.S.). 

The  specimens  collected  by  Beyer  and  studied  by  Schaeffer  were  all  fe- 
males. The  male  recorded  above,  is  the  first  specimen  of  that  sex  to  be  found. 
The  specimen  has  the  front  much  more  finely  and  densely  punctured  than  in 
the  female  and  also  quite  conspicuously  pilose ;  has  the  pro-  and  mesosterna 
clothed  with  long,  white  pile,  the  former  only  laterally;  the  anterior  tibiae 
arched  and  dilated  apically,  a  prominent,  toothlike  enlargement  present  within 
and  somewhat  before  the  apex ;  and  the  last  ventral  segment  broadly,  shallowly 
sulcate  at  middle  and  semicircularly  emarginate  at  apex. 

(40)  Chrysobothrus  peninsularis  Schaeffer 

Plate  7,  fig.  2 
Chrysohothris  peninsularis  Schffr.,  1904,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  XII  (4)  207-208. 

This  species  was  compared  by  Schaeffer  with  floricola  with  which  I  believe 
it  has  very  little  in  common.  It  is  in  fact  very  close  to  the  Mexican,  Chryso- 
hothris distincta  Lap.  and  Gor}^,  differing  from  small  specimens  of  the  latter, 
by  being  somewhat  flatter ;  with  the  median  sulcus  of  the  pronotum  poorly 
defined  whereas  well  impressed  in  distincta;  with  the  prothorax  proportion- 
ally broader,  length  2.25  and  breadth  4.25  mm.,  as  against  an  average  length 
of  2.75  and  a  breadth  of  4.50  mm.  in  the  other;  with  the  middle  and  outer 
elytral  costae  much  less  acutely  elevated ;  and  the  punctuation  and  rugosity 
of  the  upper  surface  less  coarsely  and  sharply  defined.  Chrysohothris  penin- 
sularis, though  entitled  to  be  classed  as  a  distinct  species,  has  most  likely  been 
derived  from  distincta  stock  and  as  the  result  of  isolation  been  enabled  to 
diverge  to  an  appreciable  degree.  It  is  in  fact  a  species  with  most  of  its  dis- 
tinctive characters  the  result  of  reduction  and  simplification. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California,  San  Felipe. 

Recorded  distribution :  as  above. 

New  records:  Catavina,  June  19,  1938;  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18, 

1938,  and  19  miles  E.  of  Rosario,  June  17, 1938,  all  collected  by  Michelbacher 

and  Ross. 

(41)  Chrysobothris  debilis  LeConte 

Chrysohothris  delilis  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  XI,  236;  Horn,  1886,  Monogr. 

Clirysobothris,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII,  75 ;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  JST.  Am., 

145-146. 
Chrysohothris  disjuncta  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am.  Pliil.  Soc,  XI,  236. 
Chrysohothris  lateralis  Water.,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Am.,  Col.,  III(l),  47-48, 185. 

This  small  Chrysohothris,  though  described  as  from  Ohio,  is  in  reality  a 
species  characteristic  of  the  more  arid  regions  ranging  from  Texas  to  southern 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPBESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  117 

California,  northwestern  Mexico  and  Lower  California.  Its  most  usual  food 
plant  is  the  mesquite  {Prosopis)  but  Chamberlin  also  lists  the  Cat's  Claw 
{Acacia),  Palo  Yerde  (Cercidiuin)  and  Emory  Oak  (Quercus  emoryi).  I 
believe  that  I  have  also  collected  it  on  other  desert  shrubs.  The  specimens 
from  the  United  States  are  mainly  of  the  typical  form  with  the  entire  pro- 
notum  a  uniform  bronze  color,  but  those  from  Sonora  and  Lower  California 
as  well  as  numerous  specimens  from  Texas  are  of  the  variety  lateralis,  which 
has  the  lateral  margins  of  the  prothorax  a  bright  coppery  red  color. 

Type  locality :  Ohio ;  of  disjuncta,  Arizona ;  and  of  lateralis,  northern 
Sonora  (Morrison). 

Kecorded  distribution :  Ohio,  numerous  localities  in  Texas,  Arizona,  New 
Mexico,  St.  George,  Utah,  Colorado  and  southern  California,  as  w^ell  as  from 
Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California  (G.  Beyer) . 

New  records :  Lower  California,  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938 ; 
Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21,  1938 ;  Catavina,  June  19,  1938 ;  10  miles  S.  of 
Punta  Prieta,  June  21,  1938 ;  and  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938,  all  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(42)  Chrysobothris  rossi  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Plate  7,  fig.  4 

Small,  moderately  broad  and  somewhat  flattened,  dark  cupreous,  prothorax 
often  lighter,  sometimes  reddish,  the  elytra!  sculpturing  rather  clean  cut  and 
the  f oveae  deep  and  coppery  red.  Head  feebly  convex  at  most,  rather  densely 
punctured  and  sparsely  pubescent,  the  divisions  of  the  occipital  chevron  con- 
tinued forwards  and  downwards,  parallel  to  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes, 
forming  in  general  a  well  marked,  horseshoe-shaped  callosity  enclosing  the 
median  portion  of  the  front  and  the  two  median  callosities ;  the  clypeus  semi- 
circularly  emarginate  with  outer  angels  rounded;  antennae  short,  bronzed, 
hardly  reaching  behind  middle  of  prothorax,  third  segment  as  long  as  the 
two  following,  fourth  to  eleventh  gradually  narrow^er.  Prothorax  over  one 
third  broader  than  long,  apex  broadly,  feebly  lobed  at  middle,  sides  narrowed 
in  front  thence  more  or  less  evenly  arcuate  and  gradually  narrowed  towards 
base,  which  is  but  little  narrower  than  apex  and  strongly  bisinuate ;  disk 
rather  feebly  convex,  alutaceous,  fineh^,  rather  densely  and  somewhat  uni- 
formly punctured,  finely  strigate  at  sides,  without  well  marked  impressions, 
the  median  longitudinal  and  sometimes  basal  impressions  vaguely  indicated, 
and  occasionally  a  smooth  carina  in  front  of  scutellum.  Elytra  somewhat  less 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  slightly  broader  at  humeri  than  prothorax,  base 
of  each  elytron  somewhat  angulate,  sides  straight  and  parallel  from  humeri 
to  posterior  third  or  sometimes  feebly  sinuate,  thence  acutely  narrowed  to 
individually  rounded  apices,  the  side  margin  distinctly  serrate  posteriorly; 
disk  somewhat  convex,  with  sutural  and  four  other  more  or  less  definitely 
defined  carinae  on  each  elytron,  the  first  linear,  almost  reaching  apex  and 
fading  out  towards  base,  also  slightly  diverging  from  suture  towards  base 


118  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

and  feebly  arcuate  towards  apex,  the  second  somewhat  parallel  to  first  and 
divided  into  three  portions  by  the  median  and  posterior  foveae,  the  third 
commencing  near  the  prominent  humeri  and  running  obliquely  inwards 
towards  the  second  with  which  it  generally  unites  posterior  to  the  posterior 
foveae,  though  often  somewhat  distorted  just  before  by  the  foveae,  and  the 
fourth  which  is  generally  vague  extending  along  parallel  with  and  just  within 
the  lateral  margin,  the  foveae  all  distinct,  the  basal  deep,  the  median  shallow 
and  broad,  dividing  the  second  carinae,  and  the  posterior  one  third  the  dis- 
tance from  the  apex,  generally  divided  transversely  into  two  and  somewhat 
distorting  the  second  and  third  carinae,  all  foveae  finely  punctured  and  of  a 
bright  copper  color,  the  general  surface  elsewhere  alutaceous  and  more  or  less 
densely  punctured  and  finely  rugose.  Beneath  with  anterior  margin  of  pro- 
sternum  prominently  lobed,  prosternum  coarsely,  closely  punctured,  the 
metasternum  more  coarsely  and  less  closely  punctured,  and  the  abdominal 
segments  medially  rather  densely  and  finely  punctured,  the  anterior  and 
posterior  margins  of  all  segments  smooth  and  the  second,  third  and  fourth 
laterally  each  with  a  small  callosity ;  last  ventral  with  sides  straight  or  sinu- 
ate with  a  serrulate  border ;  the  general  surface  rather  conspicuously  pubes- 
cent. Anterior  femora  with  a  prominent  tooth,  serrulate  on  the  distal  side. 
Length  7-9  mm.,  breadth  3-4  mm. 

Males  with  prosternum  finely,  densely  punctured  and  conspicuously  pubes- 
cent, metasternum  and  coxal  plates  also  finely  punctured;  anterior  tibiae 
arcuate  and  with  a  somewhat  elongate  dilatation  within  at  apex;  and  last 
ventral  with  a  distinct  emargination  at  apex. 

Females  with  prosternum  more  coarsely,  less  densely  punctured  and  less 
markedly  pubescent,  metasternum  and  coxal  plates  also  much  more  coarsely 
and  discretely  punctured ;  the  anterior  tibiae  arcuate  but  not  suddenly  en- 
larged at  apex;  and  the  last  ventral  truncate  at  apex  or  with  a  feeble  emargi- 
nation at  most. 

Holotype,  male  (No.  4836,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.),  from  15  miles  N.  of  San  Ig- 
nacio,  Lower  California,  June  24,  1938;  allotype,  female  (No.  4837,  Mus. 
C.A.S.  Ent.)  from  Catavina,  Lower  California,  June  19, 1938 ;  and  numerous 
designated  paratypes  from  a  series  of  fifty-four  specimens  collected  in  the 
following  additional  localities  in  Lower  California  :  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June 
21,  1938,  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938 ;  20  miles  N.W.  of  La  Paz, 
July  16,  1938 ;  20  miles  W.  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  24,  1938 ;  15  miles  N.  of 
El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938 ;  25  miles  S.  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938 ;  Mes- 
quital,  July  28,  1938;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29,  1938;  San 
Domingo,  July  19,  1938;  and  Triunfo,  July  13,  1938.  All  specimens  were  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  would  run  close  to  del)ilis  Lee.  in  Horn's  Group  I,  because  of 
its  evenly  rounded,  non  sulcate  pronotum  and  small  size.  It  differs  from  this, 
though,  by  being  broader  and  more  depressed ;  the  front  as  a  rule  with  a  well 
marked  horseshoe  like  callosity;  the  prothorax  proportionally  broader  and 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  119 

with  sides  more  definitely  arcuate ;  the  elytra  with  the  second  and  third  carinae 
about  as  well  defined  as  the  first,  the  basal  f oveae  deeper  and  the  punctation 
more  regular ;  the  undersurf ace  more  conspicuously  pubescent  and  the  last 
ventral  generally  more  narrowed  apically  and  with  the  sides  sinuate.  It  is 
named  after  Dr.  E.  S.  Ross,  in  appreciation  of  his  efforts  in  extending  our 
knowledge  of  the  insects  of  Lower  California. 

(43)  Chrysobothris  purpureoplagiata  Schaeffer 

Plate  7,  fig.  3 

Chrysobothris  purpureoplagiata  Schffr.,  1904,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.  XII,  206,  ScnrrR., 
1905,  Science  Bull.  Mus.  Bull.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  and  Sciences,  1(8),  130;  Chamb., 
1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Am.,  167. 

Chrysobothris  purpureovittata  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  (2) IV,  328. 

This  small  and  brilliantly  green  or  blue  species  with  deep  violet  vittae  is 
quite  variable  as  to  its  color  pattern.  The  typical  phase  from  Florence,  Ari- 
zona, as  stated  by  Schaeffer,  was  a  ^'bright  green,  elytra  with  more  or  less 
distinct  purple  blotches  at  apical  third,  like  lucana  Horn."  The  California 
Academy  of  Sciences  has  California  specimens  from  the  Coachella  Valley 
that  have  the  blotches  so  much  reduced  near  the  apices  that  the  elytra  might 
almost  be  called  unicolorous  green.  The  Lower  California  specimens  almost 
without  exception  on  the  other  hand,  have  the  violet  markings  in  the  form  of 
a  broad  vitta  extending  from  the  anterior  fourth  almost  to  the  apex  of  each 
elytron  as  illustrated  in  the  plate.  1\\  fact  the  pattern  is  so  close  to  that  of 
piirinireovUiaia  Horn,  that  Horn  was  led  to  cite  the  latter,  in  his  paper  on 
Lower  California  Coleoptera,  as  being  found  in  Lower  California.  No  true 
purpureovittata  have  ever  been  found  in  the  latter  region  as  far  as  I  know. 

Type  locality :  Florence,  Arizona. 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  Arizona  and  Lower  California,  El  Taste, 
San  Felipe  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

New  records:  Coachella  Valley,  Calif.  (C.A.S.)  ;  Lower  California,  7  miles 
S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938;  Triunfo,  July  13,  1938,  15  miles  N.  of  San 
Ignacio,  June  24,  1938 ;  15  miles  N.  of  El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938;  25  miles  S. 
of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938  ;  14  miles  S.  of  El  Arco  Mines,  June  23,  1938  ; 
45  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27,  1938 ;  10  miles  S.  of  Punta  Prieta,  June 
21,  1938  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938  ;  Mesquital,  July  28,  1938  ;  15  miles  W. 
of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938;  and  5  miles  S.  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938 ;  all  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(44)  Chrysobothris  exesa  LeConte 

Chrysobothris  exesa  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Ac.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  68;  Horn,  1886,  Moiiogr. 
Chrysobothris,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII,  95;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Am., 

150. 

This  distinctly  sculptured  species,  characteristic  of  the  arid  Southwest, 
which  breeds  in  mesquite  (Prosopis)  and  Cat's  Claw  (Acacia),  was  taken 
for  the  first  time  in  Lower  California  bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


120  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality :  Arizona. 

Recorded  distribution :  Various  places  in  southeastern  California,  Las 
Vegas,  Nevada,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Colorado,  Texas  and  in  Sonora,  Mexico. 

New  records :  Lower  California,  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938, 
(M.  &  H. ) ,  two  males. 

(45)  Chrysobothris  beyeri  Schaeff er 

Plate  7,  fig.  7 

Chrysobothris  heyeri  Schftr.,  1904,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  XII  (4),  207;  Chamb.,  1926, 
Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Amer.,  139. 

This  species,  one  of  the  most  distinct  and  characteristic  of  Lower  Califor- 
nia, appears  to  have  been  collected  only  by  Gustav  Beyer  in  1901.  It  was 
collected  in  numbers  in  May  and  June  on  willow. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California,  San  Felipe. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Felipe  and  Santa  Rosa  in  the  Cape  Region  of 
Lower  California. 

(46)  Chrysobothris  michelbacheri  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Plate  7,  fig.  6 

Rather  small,  broad,  subdepressed,  distinctly  sculptured  above,  of  a  bronze 
color  with  head  (male)  a  bright  reddish  copper  color.  Head  with  occiput 
feebly  convex,  front  flattened,  rather  coarsely  densely  punctured,  generally 
a  small  chevron  above  and  two  oblique  median  callosities  below,  and  quite 
densely  clothed  with  long  white  pile ;  clypeus  with  a  broad  V-like,  or  some- 
times semicircular  emargination  with  outer  angles  blunt  or  feebly  rounded; 
antennae  extending  almost  to  hind  angles  of  prothorax,  bronzed  or  faintly 
greenish,  third  segment  as  long  as  next  two,  fourth  to  eleventh  segments  grad- 
ually narrower.  Prothorax  over  a  third  broader  than  long,  suddenly  obliquely 
narrowed  at  apex,  broadest  behind  anterior  constriction,  sides  at  middle 
feebly  convergent  behind  and  more  decidedly  convergent  and  narrowed  near 
base,  apex  feebly  lobed  at  middle  and  base  trisinuate  as  usual ;  disk  shallowly 
longitudinally  impressed  at  middle,  with  feeble  transverse  impressions  later- 
ally near  apex,  deeper  and  more  foveate  impressions  behind,  above  near  mid- 
dle, and  sometimes  feeble  oblique  impressions  near  front  angles,  with  one  or 
two  vague  callosities  anteriorly  at  most,  the  general  surface  distinctly,  rather 
closely  punctured  and  transversely  strigate  and  alutaceous.  Elytra  somewhat 
less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  broader  at  humeri  than  prothorax,  base  of 
each  elytron  rounded,  sides  almost  straight  and  parallel  at  middle,  and  oblique 
and  convergent  from  posterior  third  to  apices,  the  latter  blunt,  margins  ser- 
rate, most  evidently  so  posteriorly ;  disk  feebly  convex,  costae  well  elevated 
and  sharply  defined,  the  sutural  and  first  costae  straight  and  linear,  the  second 
commencing  at  the  middle  of  base,  broad  and  comma-like  joining  the  first  at 
anterior  third  and  interrupted  posteriorly  at  this  point,  appearing  again  at 


Vol.  XXIV]  FAN  DYKE:   BUPBESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  121 

middle  as  an  irregular  callosity  and  after  a  second  interruption  near  apex  as 
a  short,  somewhat  elongate  callosity,  the  third  costae  commencing  near 
humeri,  following  a  more  or  less  sinuous  course,  touching  the  median  callosity 
of  second,  narrowing  or  obliterated  behind  this  and  terminating  as  a  small 
callosity  near  the  terminus  of  the  second,  and  the  fourth  costae,  a  narrow, 
somewhat  less  sharply  defined  one,  following  just  within  the  side  margin 
until  near  the  posterior  third  where  it  turns  inwards  and  increases  its  dis- 
tance from  the  margin,  the  areas  between  the  costae  and  callosities  depressed 
and  rather  regularly  and  more  coarsely  punctured  than  are  the  callosities. 
Beneath,  anterior  margin  of  prosternum  distinctly  lobed,  prosternum  rather 
coarsely,  closely  punctured  and  pubescent,  the  pubescence  also  more  or  less 
generally  disposed  over  the  rest  of  the  ventral  surface ;  ventral  segments  with 
well  marked  lateral  callosities.  Front  femora  with  a  prominent  tooth,  ser- 
rulate on  its  distal  edge.  Last  ventral  with  a  serrulate  border  but  without  sub- 
marginal  ridge.  Length  7.5-9.5  mm.,  breadth  3-4  mm. 

Males.  Head  cupreous,  prosternum  coarsely  and  closely  punctured;  ante- 
rior tibiae  with  a  double  humped  enlargement  near  apex ;  and  last  ventral  seg- 
ment rather  deeply,  semicircularly  emarginate  at  apex  and  with  pronounced 
angles  at  outer  boundary  of  emargination. 

Females.  Similar  to  males  except  that  head  is  more  closely  punctured  and 
less  densely  pilose,  the  front  tibiae  without  terminal  dilatation  and  the  last 
ventral  with  the  terminal  emargination  smaller. 

Holotijpe,  male  (No.  4834,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.),  from  10  miles  S.  of  Punta 
Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21,  1938,  allotype,  female  (No.  4835,  Mus. 
C.A.S.  Ent.),  from  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938,  four  male  para- 
types  from  the  following  localities :  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol,  June  18,  1938, 
10  miles  S.  of  Catavina,  June  29,  1398,  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  and 
Catavina,  June  19,  1938  and  one  female  paratype  from  14  miles  S  of  El  Arco 
Mine,  June  23,  1938,  all  specimens  from  Lower  California  and  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  This  beetle  is  named  after  Dr.  A.  Michelbacher  as  a 
slight  acknowledgment  of  his  efforts  and  generosity  in  making  available  the 
splendid  series  of  insects  from  Lower  California. 

This  small  species  belongs  in  Horn's  group  IV  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII, 
1886,  p.  97)  and  close  to  niali  Horn.  It  is  of  about  the  same  size  and  shape, 
but  differs  greatly  in  its  sculpturing,  the  elytral  costae  being  always  linear 
and  generally  much  depressed  in  mali  while  the  f oveae  are  as  a  rule  very  con- 
spicuous because  of  their  fine  punctuation  and  bright  red  metallic  coloration. 
In  michelhacheri,  the  costae  are  more  sharply  elevated,  more  irregular,  and 
the  second  much  interrupted  and  also  expanded  into  smooth  callosities,  the 
f oveae  also  not  demarked  from  the  general  impressions  either  by  being  more 
circumscribed  or  differing  in  color.  It  is  in  fact  one  of  the  most  sharply  sculp- 
tured of  any  of  our  smaller  species  in  the  genus. 


^e\c> 


iV 


122  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(47)  Chrysobothris  lixa  Horn 

Chrysohothris  lixa  Horn,  1886,  Monogr.  Chrysobothris,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII,  101; 
Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  IV,  328;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Am., 
160-161. 

This  small  species  has  been  listed  from  Texas,  Arizona,  and  Nevada  as  well 
as  from  Calamount,  Lower  California.  Horn  states  that  the  collector  Morrison, 
found  it  abundant  in  Arizona.  I  also  found  it  abundant  in  northern  Arizona 
in  the  territory  from  Williams  to  Flagstaff.  It  was  generally  beaten  from  the 
branches  of  the  ponderosa  pine. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution :  as  above.  Not  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  in 
Lower  California. 

(48)  Chrysobothris  acutipennis  Chevrolet 

Chrysobothris  acutipennis  Chevr.,  1835  Col.  Mex.,  fasc.  6,  190;   Horn,  1886,  Monogr. 

Chrysobothris,  Tr.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  XIII,  107;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  IV, 

328 ;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Amer.,  136. 
Chrysobothris  cupreoaenea  Cast,,  1838,  Hist,  natur.  Icon,  des  Col.,  39,  p.  7,  f.  55. 
Chrysobothris  acuminata  LeConte,  1859,  Tr.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  237. 
Chrysobothris  cupreosignata  Thoms.,  1878,  Types  Buprestidae,  80. 

This  Mexican  species  which  is  also  to  be  found  in  parts  of  Texas  and  Ari- 
zona, is  listed  by  Horn  as  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Low^er  California. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Diego,  Texas,  Arizona,  and  numerous  places 
in  Mexico.  It  does  not  appear  to  have  been  collected  by  Beyer  or  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

(49)  Chrysobothris  martha  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Plate  7,  fig.  8 

Small,  stocky,  moderately  convex  above,  the  pronotum  without  callosities 
or  impressions,  the  elytra  with  from  two  to  three  incomplete  carinae,  and 
aeneous  or  bronzed,  the  elytra  often  with  a  bluish  caste,  and  each  elytron  with 
three  bright  cupreous  f oveae,  and  in  addition  sometimes  the  humeral  umbone, 
the  frons,  antennae  and  femora  more  or  less  bright  cupreous.  Head  with 
occiput  coarsely,  densely  punctured  and  with  a  smooth  and  grooved,  median 
longitudinal  line,  the  front  flattened,  sparsely  pubescent,  rather  densely  but 
not  approximately  punctured,  with  an  obscure  horseshoe-shaped  callosity 
arising  from  the  vertex  and  sometimes  with  a  vague  callosity  beneath,  the 
clypeus  very  broadly,  arcuately  emarginate,  with  outer  angles  rounded;  an- 
tennae short,  not  reaching  hind  angles  of  prothorax,  third  segment  almost  as 
long  as  the  two  following  segments  together,  the  following  with  the  serrations 
graduall}^  narrower  towards  apex.  Prothorax  almost  twice  as  broad  as  long, 
rather  suddenly  narrowed  at  apex,  broadest  at  anterior  third  and  gradually 
narrowed  towards  base,  the  sides  generally  feebly  arcuate  but  sometimes 
almost  straight,  the  apex  feebly  lobed  in  front,  base  deeply  bisinuate  as  usual ; 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPEESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  123 

the  disk  evenly  convex  and  rather  coarsely,  denselj^  pnnctured.  Elytra  slightly 
over  twice  as  long  as  wide,  broader  at  humeri  than  prothorax,  each  elytron 
rounded  at  base,  sides  .almost  straight  from  humeri  to  posterior  third,  then 
arcuate  and  gradually  narrowed  to  the  blunt  apices,  margins  serrate  pos- 
teriorly; the  disk  evenly  convex,  with  sutural  and  from  two  to  three  discal 
carinae  more  or  less  well  defined,  the  sutural  and  first  carina  linear  and  ex- 
tending from  near  apex  to  anterior  third,  the  second  short  and  poorly  defined, 
the  third  vague  at  most,  the  basal  foveae  deep,  median  large  and  well  im- 
pressed, the  third  transverse  and  distinct  at  posterior  third,  and  all  brilliantly 
cupreous,  the  humeral  umbone  well  marked,  often  extending  posteriorly  and 
inwards  as  a  ridge  and  sometimes  Avith  a  bright  cupreous  spot  on  outer  por- 
tion, the  general  surface  rather  coarsely  punctured,  more  closely  and  some- 
what scabrous  towards  base,  more  finely,  less  densely  and  with  smoother 
surface  posteriorly.  Beneath,  anterior  margin  of  prosternum  distinctly  lobed, 
prosternum  rather  coarsely  and  densely  punctured,  the  general  surface  also 
alutaceous  and  clothed  with  a  depressed  w^hite  pile  and  a  powdery  white  sub- 
stance which  at  times  conceals  the  punctuation.  Front  femora  with  a  promi- 
nent nonserrate  tooth.  Last  ventral  segment  with  sides  with  but  few  rudimen- 
tary serrations  or  granules.  Length  5-6.5  mm.,  breadth  2.25-3  mm. 

Males  with  prosternum  more  densely  punctured  and  transversely  strigate 
anteriorh^ ;  front  tibiae  arcuate  and  dilated  apically  within ;  and  the  last  ven- 
tral segment  moderately  emarginate  at  apex. 

Females  similar  to  males  except  that  the  prosternum  is  less  densely  punc- 
tured; the  front  tibiae  less  arcuate  and  without  apical  dilatation;  and  the 
apex  of  last  ventral  segment  more  broadly  and  less  deeply  emarginate. 

Holoiype,  male  (No.  4838,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.),  collected  15  miles  N.  of  El 
Refugio,  Lower  California,  July  4,  1938 ;  allotype,  female  (No.  4839,  Mus. 
C.A.S.  Ent.),  collected  15  miles  W.  of  La  Paz,  Lower  California,  July  5, 1938  ; 
and  one  paratyj^e  female,  collected  15  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, June  24,  1938,  all  secimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  pretty  little  beetle  apparently  belongs  in  Horn's  Group  VII,  and  some- 
where near  aeneola.  Its  distinctive  characters  are  the  small  size,  evenly  arcuate 
and  densely  punctured  pronotum,  elytra  often  with  a  bluish  caste,  with  sev- 
eral evident  carinae,  very  conspicuous  cupreous  foveae,  the  last  ventral 
without  distinct  lateral  serrations,  and  the  antennae  with  third  segment  only 
as  long  as  the  two  following  united.  This  pretty  little  beetle,  I  take  pleasure 
in  naming  after  Mrs.  Martha  Michelbacher,  the  third  and  b}^  no  means  un- 
important member  of  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross  party  which  has  so  recently 
visited  and  collected  throughout  Lower  California. 

(50)  AgrilusinhabilisKerremans 

Agrilus  inJiahilis  Kerr.,  1900,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  44,  341;  Kerr.,  1903,  Gen.  Insect., 
Fasc.  12,  286;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae  N.  Amer.,  66;  Fisher,  1928,  Kev.  Agrilus, 
Bull.  145,  Smith.  Inst.,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  178-179. 

Agrilus  ineptus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)4,  378-379. 


124  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

This  rather  inconspicuous,  blue  Agrilus  seems  to  be  restricted  to  the  Cape 
Region  of  Lower  California.  The  only  specimens  existing  seem  to  be  the  holo- 
type  in  the  Museum  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  the  paratype  No. 
3483  in  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  and  perhaps  speci- 
ments  in  the  collection  of  Howard  Notman  (coll.  G.  Beyer) . 

Type  localit}^:  Lower  California,  Pescadero  (Ilolotype  No.  29,  Mus.  C.A.S. 
Ent.).  In  the  original  description  Horn  gives  Corral  de  Piedra,  Sierra  El 
Taste  and  Pescadero  as  type  localities,  but  the  only  specimen  in  the  California 
Academj^  of  Sciences,  which  is  undoubtedly  the  holotype,  bears  the  label 
"Pescadero."  The  paratype  bears  no  locality  designation. 

Recorded  distribution :  as  above  with  the  addition  of  Santa  Rosa,  cited  by 
Chamberlain. 

(51)  Agrilus  niveiventris  Horn 

Agrilus  niveiventris  Horn,  1891,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  18,  304-305;  Horn,  189,  Proc.  Cal. 
Acad.  Sci.,  4(2),  328;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae,  71;  Fisher,  1928,  Rev.  Agrilus, 
Bull.  145,  Smith.  Inst.,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  145-148. 

This  beetle,  which  is  very  common  in  southern  California  where  it  breeds 
in  various  species  of  willow,  has  been  collected  a  number  of  times  in  Lower 
California,  Horn  reporting  it  first  in  1894  as  from  San  Pedro  Martir  and 
Michelbacher  and  Ross  submitting  specimens  from  the  Hamilton  Ranch, 
August  2, 1938. 

Type  locality :  western  Nevada. 

Recorded  distribution :  various  places  in  California,  western  Nevada,  Ari- 
zona, New  Mexico  and  Lower  California.  Many  of  the  early  records,  as  for 
instance  those  from  British  Columbia,  Oregon  and  much  of  northern  Cali- 
fornia, formerly  cited  for  this  species,  have  been  found  to  refer  to  fuhninans 
Fisher,  a  closely  related  but  quite  distinct  species,  formerly  always  confused 
with  niveiventris. 

New  records  :  Hamilton  Ranch,  Lower  California,  one  specimen  (M.  and  R.) . 

(52)  Agrilis  felix  Horn 

Agrilus  felix  Horn,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  18,  326-327;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci., 
4(2),  328;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae,  62;  Fisher,  1928,  Eev.  Agrilus,  Bull.  145, 
Smith.  Inst.,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  255-258 

This  species  is  well  known  throughout  the  Southwest.  It  has  been  reared 
from  "Palo  Verde"  {Parkinsonia  microphylla  Torrey)  by  Hubbard  and 
Schwarz. 

Type  locality :  Tucson,  Arizona. 

Recorded  distribution  :  various  places  in  Arizona,  Colorado,  Utah  and  from 
San  Julio,  Lower  California  (Horn,  1894). 

New  records :  twelve  specimens  from  45  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27. 
1938;  Catavina,  June  19,  1938;  Mesquital,  July  28,  1938;  and  10  miles  S.  of 
Punta  Prieta,  June  21,  1938 ;  all  in  Lower  California,  and  all  specimens  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  125 

(53)  Agrilis  lacustris  LeConte 

Agrilus  lacustris  LeCoxte,  1850,  Agassiz  Lake  Superior,  227;  LeConte,  1859,  Trans.  Am. 
Phil.  Soc,  11,  250;  Horn,  1891,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soe.,  18,  330-331,  pi.  8,  fig.  10;  Horn, 
1894,  Proe.  Cal.  Acad.  Sei.,  4(2),  329,  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae,  67;  Fisher,  1928, 
Eev.  Agrilus,  Bull.  145,  Smith.  Inst.,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  305-308. 

This  is  a  variable  species  of  wide  distribution  in  the  western  part  of  the 
United  States.  It  is  most  common  in  the  Southwest,  rather  uncommon  in  Cali- 
fornia. 

Type  locality :  Lake  Superior  region. 

Recorded  distribution  :  various  places  in  Wisconsin,  Illinois,  Ontario,  Kan- 
sas, Texas,  New  Mexico,  Colorado,  Arizona,  California  and  Lower  California. 
Records  from  New  Jersey  and  Florida  are  supposed  to  be  due  to  misidentifi- 
cation.  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  cited  by  Horn,  1894,  is  the  only  record  we  have 
from  Lower  California.  It  was  not  collected  bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(54)  Agrilis  addendus  Crotch 

Agrilus  addendus  Crotch,  1873,  Proc.  Ac.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  25,  95;  Horn,  1891,  Trans. 
Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  18,  329-330;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  4(2),  392;  Chamb., 
1926,  Cat.  Buprestidae,  48;  Fisher,  1928,  Eev.  Agrilus,  Bull.  145,  Smith.  Inst.  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  267-270. 

This  is  another  species  local  to  the  semiarid  regions  of  our  Southw^est,  north- 
western Mexico  and  Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution :  various  places  in  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona, 
Nevada,  Sonora,  Mexico,  and  Lower  California.  The  Indiana  records  have 
reference,  no  doubt,  as  indicated  by  Fisher,  to  another  and  closeh''  related 
species.  The  Lower  California  citations  are  Corral  de  Piedra  and  Sierra  El 
Taste  (Horn,  1894). 

New  records :  several  specimens  from  the  following  places  in  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. Mesquital,  July  28,  1938 ;  15  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24,  1938 ; 
15  miles  N.  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29, 1938  ;  Catavina,  June  19, 1938  ;  and  Mira- 
flores,  July  10,  1938 ;  all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(55)  Agrilis  palmacollis  Horn 

Agrilus  palmacollis  Horn,  189,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  18,  326;  Chamb.,  1926,  Cat.  Bupres- 
tidae, 76;  Fisher,  1928,  Eev.  Agrilus,  Bull.  145,  Smith.  Inst.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  272-275. 

This  small  and  well  characterized  species  is  also  a  species  of  our  Southwest. 
Only  recently  has  it  been  collected  in  Lower  California.  It  breeds  in  mesquite 
(Prosopis  juliflora)  and  Hiusache  (Acacia  farnesiana)    (Champion,  1926). 

Type  locality :  western  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution  :  various  places  in  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and 
Yuma,  California. 

New  records  :  nineteen  specimens  from  10  miles  S.  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21, 
1938;  Mesquital,  July  28,  1938;  45  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27,  1938; 


126  CALIFOEXIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

and  15  miles  N.  of  the  same  place,  June  24,  1938 ;  and  20  miles  W.  of  Santa 
Rosalia,  June  24,  1938 ;  all  collected  by  Miclielbaclier  and  Ross. 

(56)  Agrilus  peninsularis  Van  Dyke,  new  species 

Small,  moderately  stocky,  bronze  and  shining.  Head  quite  convex,  with  a 
narrow  and  feeble  longitudinal  impression  on  occiput,  supraorbital  grooves 
deep,  obscurely  scabrous,  finel}^,  sparsely  punctured  with  a  minute  gray  seta 
arising  from  each  puncture ;  eyes  large  but  only  moderately  convex  and  with 
inner  margins  straight  and  parallel ;  antennae  extending  about  three  seg- 
ments bej^ond  front  margin  of  prothorax,  with  segments  5-11  serrate  and 
almost  as  broad  as  long  and  bronze.  Prothorax  one  half  wider  than  long, 
evenl}^  convex,  sometimes  narrowly  longitudinally  impressed  at  middle,  apex 
prominantly  lobed  in  front  and  finely  margined,  sides  almost  straight  and 
parallel  to  posterior  third,  thence  oblique  to  obtuse  hind  angles  which  are 
without  carinae;  disk  minutely  alutaceous,  finely  obliquely  rugose  and  ob- 
scurely scabrous,  the  punctures  fine  and  sj^arse  as  on  the  head  and  with  the 
same  minute  and  short  white  setae ;  and  the  marginal  and  submarginal  carinae 
onl}'  separated  as  far  as  the  posterior  fourth.  Scutellum  smooth  and  depressed 
in  front  and  with  a  feeble  transverse  carina  behind.  Elytra  over  three  times 
as  long  as  broad,  with  broad,  basal  impressions  but  otherwise  rather  evenly 
convex,  with  surface  minutely  alutaceous,  obscurely  scabrous,  with  fine  and 
sparse  punctures,  regularly  disposed,  and  minute,  short  scalelike  white  setae 
arising  from  each  as  in  front,  without  humeral  carinae,  with  sides  sinuate  at 
middle  and  apices  rounded  and  finely  serrate.  Beneath,  finely,  sparsely  punc- 
tured and  setose,  the  setae  a  bit  longer  than  on  dorsal  surface  and  much  in- 
clined, the  prosternal  lobe  broadly  emarginate  in  front,  the  prosternal  spine 
broad,  but  gradually  narrowing  posteriorly ;  the  tarsal  claws  simply  cleft 
with  inner  portion  but  little  incurved.  Length  4  mm.,  breadth  1  mm. 

Males  with  bronzed  heads  and  antennae;  first  ventral  segment  convex,  not 
grooved  but  Avith  a  pair  of  feeble,  blunt  tubercles  behind. 

Holotype,  male,  allotype,  female  (Nos.  4843  and  4844,  Mus.  C.A.S.  Ent.), 
from  Mesquital,  Lower  California,  July  28,  1938,  collected  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross,  and  seventeen  paratypes,  six  from  same  locality  as  above,  five  from 
15  miles  N.  of  San  Ignacio,  July  24,  1938,  one  from  7  miles  S.  of  El  Marmol, 
June  18,  1938,  one  from  20  miles  N.  of  Comondu,  Juh^  23,  1938,  two  from 
10  miles  S.  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21,  1938,  one  from  15  miles  W.  of  La  Paz, 
July  5, 1938,  and  one  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21, 1938.  All  of  the  above 
were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  is  of  the  same  size,  shape  and  general  appearance  as  pahnacollis , 
and  with  it  possesses  the  same  type  of  pronotal  sculpturing  though  in  a  some- 
what reduced  degree.  It,  however,  differs  by  not  having  condensed  patches  of 
pile  upon  either  upper  or  lower  surface ;  the  prothorax  with  sides  not  evenly 
arcuate,  without  carinae  at  hind  angles,  and  the  marginal  and  submarginal 
carinae  not  separated  throughout;  the  elytra  evenly  rounded  at  apex,  not 


Vol.  XXIV]  VAN  DYKE:   BUPRESTIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  127 

subacute ;  and  beneath  with  the  lobe  of  prosternum  rather  deeply  and  broadly 
emarginate,  and  the  pile  short,  sparse,  and  prostrate.  Both  sexes  have  the 
head  and  antennae  bronzed  and  the  males  have  the  first  ventral  segment  not 
sulcate,  but  with  a  pair  of  blunt  posterior  tubercles.  According  to  characters, 
it  is,  thus,  widely  separated  from  palmacollis,  and  in  Fisher's  Key  would  run 
close  to  muticus,  with  which  of  course  it  is  not  at  all  related. 

(57)  Agrilus  lucanus  Fall 

Agrilus  lucanus  Fall,  1906,  Ent.  News.,  17,  167-168. 

This  species  was  described  by  Fall  from  a  unique,  collected  by  Beyer  at  El 
Taste,  Lower  California.  It  belongs  near  cavatus  according  to  the  describer. 

(58)  Mastogenius  impressipennis  Fall 

Mastogenius  impressipennis  Fall,  1906,  Ent.  News.,  17,  167. 

The  only  species  of  the  genus  from  Lower  California  was  collected  by  Beyer 
at  El  Taste. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES 


PLATE  6 

Fig.    1.  Acmaeodera  lucana  Van  Dyke,  new  species,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  2.  Acmaeodera  ruhescens  Schaeffer,  2.84  x. 

Fig.  3.  Acmaeodera  stigmata  Horn,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  4.  Acmaeoderoidesinsignis  {Horn),  5.1  X. 

Fig.  5.  Acmaeodera  opinahilis  Fall,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  6.  Acmaeodera  flavosticta  Horn,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  7.  Acmaeodera  varipilis  Van  Dyke,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  8.  Acmaeodera  scapularis  Horn,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  9.  Acmaeodera  vanduseei  Van  Dyke,  5.7  x. 

Fig.  10.  Acmaeodera  clausa  Horn,  5.7  x. 


[128] 


PROC.   CALIF.  ACAD.   SCI.,  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    3 


[VAN    DYKE]    PLATE    6 


[129] 


PLATE  7 

Fig.  1.  Chrysohothris  lucana  Horn,  5  x. 

Fig.  2.  CJirysohothris  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  5  x. 

Fig.  3.  Chryso'boiliris  pur peoplag lata  Schaeffer,  5x. 

Fig.  4.  Clirysobothris  rossi  Van  Dyke,  new  species,  5  x. 

Fig.  5.  CJirysohothris  thoracicus  Schaeffer,  5  x. 

Fig.  6.  Chrysohothris  michelhacheri  Van  Dyke,  new  species,  5  x. 

Fig.  7.  Chrysohothris  heyeri  Schaeffer,  5  x. 

Fig.  8.  Chrysohothris  martha  Van  Dyke,  new  species,  5  x. 


[  130  ] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI.,  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.   3 


[VAN    DYKE]   PLATE   7 


[131] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  4,  pp.  133-152,  pi  8  March  31, 1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 

No.  4 
NEUROPTERA:  MYRMELEONIDAE 

BY 

NATHAN  BANKS 

Curator  of  Insects 

Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology 

Hai'vard  University 


THE  FIRST  myrmeleonid  recorded  from  Baja  California  was  Brachynemurus 
longipalpis,  described  by  Hagen  in  1888  from  specimens  from  California 
and  some  from  the  Cape  region  of  Baja  California  collected  by  John  Xantns 
in  1860. 

In  September  1894  Dr.  G.  Eisen  and  Mr.  F.  H.  Vaslit  made  a  general  col- 
lection on  the  peninsula,  mostly  from  near  the  tip,  and  the  myrmeleonids 
were  published  by  the  present  author  in  1895. 

In  the  same  year  (1894)  a  Frenchman,  M.  Leon  Diguet,  spent  several 
months  in  this  region  and  collected  insects  for  the  Paris  Museum,  and  the 
myrmeleonids  were  later  (1913  to  1920)  published  by  the  Rev.  P.  Longinos 
Navas.  He  was  probably  unaware  of  some  of  the  earlier  papers,  as  most,  if  not 
all,  of  his  species  appear  to  be  synonyms.  All  of  these  collections,  however, 
contained  but  few  species. 

In  1938  Messrs.  E.  S.  Ross  and  A.  E.  Michelbacher  made  the  first  real  col- 
lection. From  the  latter  part  of  June  till  early  in  August  they  obtained  about 

*  Printed  from  the  John  W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[  133  ] 


134  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4th  Ser. 

700  specimens,  a  fine  showing.  In  1921  Mr.  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  visited  several  of 
the  islands  in  the  Gulf  of  California  and  gathered  about  25  myrmeleonids. 
These  with  the  others  contain  twenty-seven  species  and  two  varieties,  eight 
species  and  one  variety  being  new. 

Collections  made  earlier  and  later  will  add  others  to  the  list. 

Of  the  described  species  nearly  all  occur  in  southern  California  and  east  to 

New  Mexico,  or  even  western  Texas.  Little  is  known  of  the  myrmeleonids 

of  the  western  Mexican  mainland.  Messrs.  Eisen  and  Vaslit  collected  at  Tepic 

one  species  (Hesperoleon  mexicanum)  not  yet  taken  in  Baja  California.  One 

interesting  point  is  the  finding  of  another  species  of  Piiren,  a  genus  originally 

described  from  Chile,  and  also  known  from  one  species  in  New  Mexico  and 

Utah. 

SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  GENERA 

1.  In  fore  wiiig  the  second  anal  vein  runs  in  an  even  curve,  not  close  to  first  anal ;  radial 
sector  usually  arises  before  the  cubital  fork 2 

—  In  fore  wing  the  second  anal  vein  runs  close  to  the  first  anal  then  bends  down  at  an  angle 
and  unites  for  some  distance  with  the  third  anal 8 

2.  In  hind  wing  the  first  anal  runs  parallel  to  the  cubital  fork  for  some  distance,  and  is 
connected  thereto  by  several  cross-veins 3 

—  In  hind  wing  the  first  anal  ends  about  at  or  before  forking  of  cubitus,  at  most  with  one 
cross-vein  to  cubital  fork 6 

3.  Fore  wing  with  costal  area  partly  divided  into  two  series  of  cells Calinemurus 

—  Costal  area  of  fore  wing  with  but  one  series  of  cells  (except  sometimes  near  stigma)  .  .4 

4.  Labial  palpi  much  elongated,  longer  than  front  tarsus Scotoleon 

—  Labial  palpi  not  so  elongate 5 

5.  Front  coxae  and  front  femora  with  row  of  long  curved  white  hairs Netroneurus 

—  Front  coxae  and  femora  without  a  row  of  long  w^hite  hairs,  sometimes  one  on  coxa 

Hesperoleon 

6.  No  tibial  spurs;  basal  tarsal  joint  longer  than  the  fifth Mafacandula 

—  Tibial  spurs  present 7 

7.  Legs  very  slender ;  front  tibia  as  long  as  front  femur ;  mesonotum  with  enlarged  bristles 
above    Chaetoleon 

—  Legs  stouter ;  front  tibia  shorter  than  front  femur ;  mesonotum  with  only  simple  bristles 
above    Austroleon 

8.  In  hind  wing  but  one  (or  rarely  two)  cross-veins  before  origin  of  radial  sector,  latter 
point  before  cubital  forking 9 

—  In  hind  wing  four   (or  more)  cross-veins  before  origin  of  radial  sector,  latter  point 
usually  beyond  forking  of  cubitus;  antennae  much  separated  at  base 11 

9.  Legs  very  slender;  front  femur  about  twice  as  long  as  front  coxae Eremoleon 

—  Legs  less  slender 10 

10.  Fore  wing  with  but  one  series  of  costal  cells Fsammoleon 

—  Fore  wing  with  two  series  of  cells,  for  part  way,  at  least Fur  en 

11.  Thorax  with  but  little  if  any  long  hair;  spurs  only  slightly  curved;  hair  on  legs  shorter 
than  the  black  bristles;  basal  tarsal  joint  much  longer  than  broad Myrmeleon 

—  Thorax  with  much  long,  whitish  hair;  hair  on  legs  much  longer  than  black  bristles; 
spurs  much  curved  or  bent 12 

12.  Fore  wing  with  but  one  series  of  costal  cells;  last  joint  of  labial  palpi  scarcely  pedi- 
cellate     Fdranthaclisis 

—  Fore  wing  Avith  two  series  of  costal  cells  for  part  way;  last  joint  of  labial  palpi  plainly 
pedicellate    Vella 


Vol.  XXIY]  BANES:   MYBMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  135 

Navas  lias  published  the  following  species  from  the  collection  made  by 
Diguet : 

Brachynemurus  expansus,  Broteria  XI,  48,  1913. 

Brachynemurus  plectus,  Broteria  XI,  49,  1913. 

Brachynemurus  digueti,  Broteria  XI,  50,  1913 ;  also  as  Eesperoleon  digueti,  Ann.  Soc.  Sci. 

Bruxelles,  1920,  198. 
Eesperoleon  planus,  Ann.  Soc.  Sci.  Bruxelles,  1920,  200. 
Belluga  implexa,  Ann.  Soc.  Sci.  Bruxelles,  1920,  195. 
Paranthaclisis  calif ornica,  Ann.  Soc.  Sci.  Bruxelles,  1920,  189;  and  in  Mem.  E.  Acad.  Cien. 

Artes  Barcelona,  XVII,  390,  1922. 
Clathroneuria  exigua,  Ann.  Soc.  Sci.  Bruxelles,  1920,  187. 
Comptessa  amlDitiosa,  Mem.  E.  Acad.  Cien.  Artes  Barcelona,  XI,  464,  1915. 

The  Paranthaclisis  and  the  Clathroneuria  I  feel  sure  are  synonyms  as  indi- 
cated in  the  list ;  the  others  I  mention  under  the  species  to  which  the  descrip- 
tion applies,  however  there  is  a  chance  that  an  examination  of  the  types  (in 
Paris  Museum)  would  show  them  to  be  something  else,  as  the  descriptions  lack 
various  useful  details. 

Hesperoleon 

Synopsis  of  Species 

1.  Abdomen  with  distinctly  transverse  pale  bands  above 2 

—  Abdomen  with  j)ale  marks  elongate 4 

2.  Abdomen  with  pale  only  near  middle  of  each  segment;  median  mark  of  pronotum 
entire yavapai 

—  At  least  several  segments  pale  at  base  and  at  tip  as  well  as  near  middle 3 

3.  Last  segment  of  labial  palpi  tAvice  as  broad  as  preceding  segment;  front  vertex  row 
complete;  male  appendages  not  twice  as  long  as  last  segment eiseni 

— -  Last  segment  of  labial  palpi  not  twice  as  broad  as  the  preceding  joint;  front  vertex  row 
weak  or  absent ;  mesoscutellum  with  a  small  black  spot  each  side  behind ;  male  appen- 
dages twice  as  long  as  the  last  segment sacTceni 

4.  Median  vein  of  fore  wing  white,  almost  wholly  unmarked;  mesoscutellum  with  only  a 
median  dark  mark;  spurs  equal  two  tarsal  joints coquilletti 

—  Median  vein  marked  with  dark  at  connecting  veinlets,  usually  more ;  mesoscutellum  with 
two  spots  or  a  double  mark ;  spurs  often  shorter 5 

5.  Pronotum  with  a  median  dark  stripe  behind,  but  two  stripes  in  front papago 

• —    Pronotum  with  a  pair  of  stripes  behind  as  well  as  in  front 6 

6.  Spurs  equal  to  two  tarsal  joints;  femora  dotted  with  dark;  male  appendages  very 
short    peninsulanus 

—  Spurs  little,  if  any,  longer  than  basal  tarsal  joint 7 

7.  No  anterior  vertex  row,  only  the  four  spots  of  the  hind  row ;  femora  more  or  less  evenly 
darkened   quadripunctatus 

—  Anterior  vertex  row  present 8 

8.  Hind  femora  dotted  with  dark ;  bristles  on  legs  mostly  black dissimilis 

—  Hind  femora  (at  least)  largely,  evenly  dark  to  black;  bristles  on  femora  mostly 

Avhite 9 

9.  Lateral  pronotal  stripes  hardly  go  beyond  the  groove;  male  appendages  nearly  equal 
to  last  segment singularis 

—  Lateral  pronotal  stripes  go  forward  of  groove;  male  appendages  only  about  one  half  of 
last   abdominal   segment intermedins 


136  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Hesperoleon  peninsulanus  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  Figure  15 

This  will  run  to  H.  texanus  (Revision  Nearctic  Myrmeleonidae)  having  the 
same  short,  divergent  male  appendages.  The  marks  on  the  pronotnm  are 
heavier  than  in  H.  texanus,  the  lateral  stripes  ending  at  the  groove,  and  the 
anterior  vertex  band  is  represented  only  by  a  small  spot  each  side  by  the  eye, 
no  spots  in  middle,  the  hind  vertex  band  of  the  usual  four  spots;  below  the 
interantennal  mark  is  a  short,  but  very  distinct,  median  black  line. 

The  insect  is  rather  larger  than  H.  texanus,  but  readily  separated  from 
texanus,  4-punctatus,  singular  is,  and  dissimilis  by  the  much  longer  and  larger 
tibial  spurs,  equal  to  two  tarsal  joints,  and  in  front  and  mid  legs  a  little  longer ; 
the  basal  joint  of  hind  tarsus  is  a  little  more  elongate  than  in  allies.  The  legs 
are  pale,  the  femora  heavily  dotted  with  black,  and  with  numerous  black 
bristles  and  very  short  black  hair ;  on  front  femora  above  is  some  white  hair. 

The  wings  are  marked  much  as  in  singularis,  quadripunctatus,  and  dissi- 
milis. Dark  spots  along  the  cubitus,  one  at  end  of  anal  vein,  one  at  rhegma, 
and  one  at  the  base  of  the  yellowish  stigma ;  the  veins  brown,  marked  with 
white ;  many  smaller  spots  at  junction  of  veins  and  on  outer  f  orkings. 

The  fore  wing  has  three  or  four  cross-veins  before  radial  sector,  about  twelve 
or  thirteen  branches  to  radial  sector ;  first  anal  with  about  ten  branches ; 
cubital  area  crossed  from  near  middle  to  tip,  anal  area  crossed  from  base  to 
middle ;  one  series  of  cross-veins  in  apical  costal  area ;  in  hind  wings  two  or 
three  cross-veins  before  radial  sector ;  about  thirteen  branches  to  radial  sec- 
tor ;  three  or  four  connections  betw^een  anal  vein  and  cubital  fork. 

Length  of  fore-wing  21  to  25  mm.,  width  5.5  to  6  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wing  20  to  23  mm.,  width  4.7  to  5.5  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4911,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  and  six  paratypes,  all 
from  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  Lov^er  California,  24  July.  Readily  dis- 
tinguished by  its  large  spurs  (fig.  15) . 

Hesperoleon  dissimilis  (Banks) 

Brachynemurus  dissimilis  Banks,  Proe.  Ent.  Soc.  "Wash.,  V,  175,  1903. 

Brachynemurus  peregrinus  Banks  (nee.  Hagen),  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sei.,  (2)  V,  5,  18, 1895. 

One  from  Triunfo,  13  July.  The  specimens  taken  by  Eisen  and  Vaslit  are 
from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  in  September.  H.  planus  Navas  (^,  and  H.  plectus 
Navas  J  agree  with  this  species,  and  probably  are  synonyms. 

Hesperoleon  intermedins  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  intermedins  Currie,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  V,  283,  1903. 
Hesperoleon  intermedius,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  18,  1927. 

One  from  twenty  miles  north  of  Mexicali,  3,  IV,  specimen  from  alcohol 
(Ross  &  Michener).  Described  from  Arizona,  and  known  also  from  southern 
California. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANKS:   MYBMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  137 


Hesperoleon  coquilletti  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  coquilletti  Currie,  Can.  Ent.,  XXX,  93,  1898. 
Hesperoleon  coquilletti,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  37, 1927. 

Several  from  ten  miles  south  of  Catavina,  29  July ;  and  fifteen  miles  west 
of  La  Paz,  6  July.  Described  from  Arizona  and  southern  California,  and 
known  from  Kansas,  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Utah,  and  Washington. 

Hesperoleon  quadripunctatus  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  quadripunctatus  Currie,  Can.  Ent.,  XXX,  136, 1898. 
Hesperoleon  quadripunctatus,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  21, 1927. 

One  from  Angeles  Bay,  Gulf  of  California,  26  June,  E.  P.  Van  Duzee.  De- 
scribed from  Arizona  and  southern  California. 

Hesperoleon  yavapai  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  yavapai  Currie,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  V,  281, 1903. 
Hesperoleon  yavapai.  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  34, 1927. 

One  of  this  uncommon  species  from  Pond  Island  Bay,  Angel  de  la  Guardia 
IsL,  Gulf  of  California,  20  June.  Described  from  Hot  Springs,  Arizona,  and 
recorded  from  Utah. 

Hesperoleon  singularis  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  singularis  Currie,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  V,  284,  1903. 
Hesperoleon  singularis,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  17, 1927. 

One  from  San  Fernando,  31  July.  The  figure  and  description  of  H.  digueti 
Navas  agrees  with  this  species,  but  possibly  an  examination  of  the  type  would 
show  it  to  be  different.  Described  from  Arizona,  and  known  also  from  Utah. 

Hesperoleon  eiseni  (Banks) 

Brachynemurus  eiseni  Banks,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.  IX,  33,  1907. 

Brachynemurus  sacTceni  Banks,  (nee.  Hagen),  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2)  V,  519, 1895. 

Specimens  from  ten  miles  south  of  Catavina,  29  July ;  forty-five  miles  north 
of  San  Ignacio,  27  July;  twenty-five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  25  July; 
tw^enty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  23  July;  and  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay, 
24  July.  The  specimens  taken  by  Eisen  and  Vaslit  are  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
in  September. 

Hesperoleon  papago  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  papago  Currie,  Can.  Ent.,  XXXI,  361, 1899. 
Hesperoleon  papago,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  29, 1927. 

Specimens  from  fifteen  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  29  July;  and  Triunfo, 
13  July.  Described  from  Arizona,  and  now  known  from  Texas,  Utah.  New- 
Mexico,  and  southern  California. 


138  CALIFOBXIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Hesperoleonsackeni  (Hagen) 

Brachynemurus  saclceni  Hagen,  Can.  Eiit.,  XX,  94,  1888. 

Eesperoleon  saclceni,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  33,  1927. 

Specimens  of  this  common  southern  species  come  from  fifteen  miles  north 
of  El  Refugio,  4  July ;  fifteen  and  forty-five  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  24 
and  27  July;  twenty  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  16  Jul}^;  ten  miles  south  of 
Catavina,  29  July;  Comondu,  22  July;  San  Fernando,  31  July;  fifteen  miles 
north  of  Punta  Prieta,  29  July;  fourteen  miles  south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  23 
June;  seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  14  June;  Mesquital,  22  June; 
Venancio,  17  July;  ten  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  9  July;  twenty 
miles  west  of  Mexicali,  3  April ;  and  Espiritu  Santo  Isl.,  Gulf  of  California, 
31  May,  Virgil  Owen.  It  was  described  from  Texas  and  California,  and  now 
known  from  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Colorado,  Utah,  and  Nevada.  Navas  saj^s 
of  his  Clathroneuria  exigua  that  the  appendages  of  the  male  are  almost  as 
long  as  the  last  two  abdominal  segments,  which  will  fit  no  other  species,  and 
the  remainder  of  the  description  applies  fairly  well.  Likewise  his  description 
of  Brachynemurus  expansus  5  will  agree  with  H.  sacketii,  and  with  no  other 
species  known  to  me. 

Scotoleon  longipalpis  (Hagen) 

Brachynemurus  lojigipolpis  Hagen,  Can.  Ent.,  XX,  95,  1888. 

Scotoleon  longipalpis,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  41,  1927. 

Many  specimens  from  numerous  localities ;  Venancio,  17,  VII ;  Triunf o,  7, 
VII ;  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  10,  VII ;  ten  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose 
del  Cabo,  9,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  4,  VII ;  twenty  miles  west 
of  Santa  Rosalia,  24,  VI;  twenty  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  16,  VII;  ten 
miles  south  of  Catavina,  29,  VII ;  seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  14,  VI ; 
San  Fernando,  31,  VII;  twenty  miles  west  of  Mexicali,  3,  IV;  fifteen  and 
forty-five  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  26,  27,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  north  of  Punta 
Prieta,  29,  VII ;  fourteen  miles  south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  23,  VI,  and  Mesquital, 
22,  VI. 

Part  of  the  original  type  lot  were  taken  by  John  Xantus  near  the  tip  of 
Baja  California,  and  others  were  taken  by  Eisen  and  Vaslit.  It  is  fairly  com- 
mon in  southern  California  east  to  western  Texas. 

Scotoleon  congener  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  figure  1 

This  species  is,  in  general,  similar  to  S.  longipalpis.  It  is  separated  by  the 
transverse  black  band  below  bases  of  the  antennae  (instead  of  the  median 
spot),  and  in  that  the  hind  femora  are  distinctly  evenly  darkened  over  the 
apical  half  (instead  of  the  dots  and  spots  of  longipalpis) ,  and  in  that  the  male 
appendages  are  a  little  shorter  and,  seen  from  side,  are  plainly  bent.  The 
vertex  has  the  two  bands  of  dark  spots,  the  pronotum  the  four  stripes,  the 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANES :   MYBMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  139 

laterals  ending  on  the  groove,  all  as  in  S.  longipalpis.  The  dark  on  the  meso- 
notum  is  about  as  in  that  species,  but  less  lineate,  the  mesoscutellum  with  the 
usual  two  dark  streaks,  the  metascutellum  has  a  median  dark  mark  (not  com- 
mon in  longipalpis) .  The  abdomen  is  dark;  the  basal  segment  and  often  the 
next  with  a  pale  stripe  each  side  above,  broader  in  males  and  extended  further 
back,  the  hair  mostly  white,  except  toward  the  tip  where  it  is  black;  in  males 
with  more  black  hair.  The  legs  are  largely  pale;  tips  of  tarsal  joints  darker; 
rarely  dark  spots ;  the  hind  femora  darkened  toward  tips ;  bristles  black,  but 
often  some  white  ones,  particularly  on  the  front  and  hind  femora. 

The  fore  wings  have  the  markings  about  as  in  longipalpis,  those  along 
cubitus  sometimes  quite  heavy.  The  structure  is  about  as  in  longipalpis,  except 
the  male  appendages,  these  are  plainly  a  little  shorter  than  in  that  species 
and,  when  viewed  from  side,  distinctly  bent  in  middle.  The  venation  is  similar 
to  longipalpis ;  about  nine  branches  to  radial  sector ;  some  cells  in  the  cubito- 
anal  area  are  crossed,  and  sometimes  a  few  of  the  anal  cells  toward  the  base 
crossed.  The  size  is  as  with  longipalpis. 

Holotype,  (No.  4912,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake, 
Lower  California,  June  21,  M.  &  R.) . 

Paratypes  come  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  21,  VI;  fifteen  miles  north  of 
Punta  Prieta,  29,  VII ;  Mesquital,  28,  VII ;  ten  miles  south  of  Catavina,  29, 
VII;  forty-five  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  27,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  north  of  San 
Ignacio,  26,  VII ;  twenty-five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  25,  VII ;  San  Fer- 
nando, 31,  VII ;  San  Domingo,  19,  VII ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  2,  VIII ;  and  fifteen 
and  twenty  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  5  and  16,  VII. 


Calinemurus  calif ornicus  (Banks) 

Brachynemurus  calif  ornicus  Banks,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  V,  519, 1895. 
Calinemurus  calif  ornicus  Banks,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  XXXI,  419,  1938. 

Several  specimens  from  Triunf o,  13  July ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay, 
24  July ;  and  twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  23  July.  The  types  from  San 
Lazaro,  Sierra  El  Taste,  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  The  descriptions  of  Belluga 
implexa  Navas  and  of  Comptessa  amhitiosa  Navas  appear  to  refer  to  this 
species.  The  venation  is  irregular,  so  specimens  of  extremes  can  readily  be 
considered  distinct  as  was  done  bv  Navas. 


Calinemurus  calif  ornicus  var.  fraternus  (Banks) 

Brachynemurus  fraternus  Banks,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  V,  520, 1895. 

Described  from  San  Lazaro  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  as  a  separate  species 
since  the  appendages  of  the  male  were  not  as  long  and  the  venation  more 
regular;  but  since  seeing  more  of  C.  calif  ornicus  there  is  enough  variation  to 
consider  this  form  only  a  variety-,  less  heavily  marked  than  the  type.  None 
were  in  the  collection  of  Ross  and  Michelbacher. 


v^.- 


140  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  Ser. 

Netroneurus  pulchellus  (Banks) 

Plate  8,  figure  2 

Of  this  species,  described  from  one  female  from  Brown,  Calif.,  there  are 
specimens  from  ten  miles  sonth  of  Catavina,  29,  VII ;  San  Fernando,  31,  VII ; 
San  Domingo,  19,  VII ;  twenty-five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  25,  VII ; 
Pond  Island  Bay,  Gulf  of  California,  30,  VI ;  and  San  Marcos  Island,  Gulf 
of  California,  19,  VI ;  the  last  two  collected  by  Mr.  Van  Duzee.  The  male  has 
not  been  described;  it  resembles  the  female  in  color  and  structure  and  the 
abdomen  is  but  little  longer,  but  above  with  a  small  basal  and  median  pale 
spot  on  each  segment;  the  last  segment  is  fully  two  thirds  as  long  as  the 
penultimate,  and  the  appendages  are  as  long  as  the  last  segment,  extremely 
hairy,  slightly  divergent,  and  curved. 

There  are  various  specimens  that  are  much  paler  which  constitute  a  new 
variety. 

Netroneurus  pulchellus  var.  pallescens  Banks,  new  variety 

Plate  8,  figure  12 

The  interantennal  mark  is  reduced,  the  pronotum  is  almost  wholly  pale, 
except  for  a  slightly  sinuous,  dark  streak  on  each  side,  rest  of  thoracic  notum 
and  pleura  largely  pale;  the  small  spots  on  the  abdomen  of  the  type  are  here 
greatly  extended  and  run  together,  so  that  there  is  left  above  only  a  median 
dark  line  on  apical  part,  and  a  lateral  dark  streak,  more  or  less  broken  on  all 
except  the  apical  segment.  The  male  appendages  are  like  the  typical  form. 

The  legs  are  almost  wholly  pale.  Size  is  as  in  the  typical  form. 

Holotype,  (No.  4913,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  San  Domingo  (Mag- 
dalena  Plain),  Lower  California,  July  19  (M.  &  R.). 

Paratypes  come  from  San  Domingo,  19,  VII ;  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
10,  VII ;  ten  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  9,  VII ;  Venancio,  17,  VII ; 
twentv-five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  25,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  west  of  La 

«/  7  7  7 

Paz,  5,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  4,  VII ;  and  Santiago,  8,  VII. 

Maracandula  minima  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  figures  7,  9  and  14 

Face  with  a  brown  interantennal  mark;  vertex  with  a  brown  spot  each  side ; 
tips  of  labial  palpi  but  little  swollen,  partly  dark;  antennae  pale  on  basal 
joint,  ring  joint  nearly  black,  beyond  yellowish  brown  to  near  the  club,  then 
several  joints  very  pale,  then  several  joints  black,  beyond  paler.  Pronotum 
little  marked,  usually  the  front  part  is  brown  on  the  sides,  with  a  pale  median 
stripe,  behind  with  little  indication  of  spots,  but  often  a  dark,  rounded  area 
each  side ;  rest  of  notum  gray  to  brown,  little  spotted ;  pleura  mostly  brown- 
ish ;  abdomen  pale  brown,  above  with  a  small  pale  spot  at  base,  and  a  large 
one  toward  middle  of  nearly  all  the  segments,  hair  mostly  white ;  legs  pale, 
tips  of  tibiae  and  tarsal  joints  dark,  and  sometimes  tips  of  femora,  hair  and 
bristles  mostly  white ;  pronotum  and  pleura  with  some  long  white  hair. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANKS:   MYEMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  141 

Wings  with  brown  venation,  often  interrupted  with  pale ;  in  fore  wing  the 
alternate  radial  cross- veins  are  bordered  with  brown,  a  larger  spot  at  union 
of  anal  and  cubital  fork,  and  a  small  one  at  rhegma,  a  few  less  distinct  along 
cubitus,  and  none  between  radius  and  subcosta;  hind  wings  with  small  brown 
spot  at  rhegma ;  stigma  whitish. 

Structure  in  general  similar  to  M.  hellula.  The  fore  wings  much  more 
slender  toward  tip,  the  rhegma  much  nearer  to  the  hind  margin  than  to  the 
outer  margin,  and  this  rhegma  formed  of  one  fairly  long  and  one  very  short 
vein  (in  hellula  the  parts  more  equal).  In  fore  wing  there  are  usually  five 
cross-veins  before  the  radial  sector,  five  branches  to  radial  sector,  the  outer 
costals  are  usually  forked,  and  sometimes  a  few  connected ;  eight  or  nine 
branches  to  first  anal  vein,  two  or  three  cross-veins  in  apical  area,  the  cubital 
fork  is  much  before  the  first  branch  of  radial  sector ;  the  venation,  in  general, 
fairly  regular ;  in  hind  wing  two  cross-veins  before  radial  sector. 

Length  of  fore  wing  10  to  15  mm.,  width  2.5  to  4.5  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wing  10  to  14  mm.,  width  1.9  to  4  mm. 

Holoiype,  (No.  4919,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  San  Miguel,  Lower 
California,  July  3, 1938  (M.  &  R.). 

Paratypes  from  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  20,  YII ;  fifteen  miles  north 
of  Punta  Prieta,  29,  VII ;  and  San  Miguel,  3,  VII. 

Differs  from  hellula  in  more  slender  wings,  more  regular  venation,  fewer 
brown  marks  on  wings,  more  spots  on  abdomen,  ill.  pygmaeus  Hagen,  de- 
scribed from  Mexico,  has  four  cross-veins  before  radial  sector  in  hind  wings, 
five  in  fore  wings,  the  cubital  fork  is  as  far  out  as  first  branch  of  radial  sector, 
and  the  anal  vein  runs  far  out.  I  saw  the  type  in  Berlin. 

Chaetoleon  variabilis  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  figures  4  and  5 

Interantennal  mark  deeply  indented  in  middle  below,  and  often  with  three 
dark  lines  extending  below,  one  each  side  and  one  in  middle ;  last  joint  of 
labial  palpi  dark;  basal  joint  of  antennae  pale,  beyond  brown,  annulate  with 
pale,  usually  some  joints  near  club  yellowish,  then  a  few  joints  very  dark; 
then  yellowish  on  the  club ;  in  male  the  colors  are  in  greater  contrast.  Vertex 
with  a  row  of  dark  spots,  and  behind  are  two  or  three  large,  dark  areas,  some- 
times connected,  and  some  brown  spots  each  side  on  occiput.  Pronotum  with 
a  median  pale  line,  each  side  of  which  are  three  brown  spots,  often  united  into 
a  stripe,  and  laterally  a  short,  brown  stripe  which  ends  on  the  groove  in  a 
rounded  spot ;  sometimes  these  dark  marks  are  more  connected,  leaving  only 
a  narrow  median  pale  line  and  a  few  small,  pale  spots  each  side. 

]\Iesonotum  brown,  with  many  pale  spots,  scutellum  with  two  dark,  sub- 
median  lines  in  front,  a  dark  line  each  side  behind,  and  a  dark  spot  on  middle 
of  hind  border;  the  black  hairs  on  front  of  mesonotum  and  on  middle  of 
pronotum  are  stout,  but  not  thickened ;  the  pronotum  has  a  few  long,  white 
hairs  each  side. 


142  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

The  metanotum  is  mostly  pale,  the  metaseutellum  pale  behind,  with  three 
dark  lines,  the  median  one  forming  a  T.  Abdomen  brown,  above  with  a  pale 
spot  near  middle  of  each  segment,  and  sometimes  smaller  ones  at  tip  of  each 
segment ;  in  many  specimens,  especially  females,  the  pale  on  second  and  third 
segments  is  extended  to  form  irregular  stripes  each  side ;  the  venter  is  usually 
also  more  or  less  varied  with  pale;  hair  is  mostly  white,  but  some  dark  above 
on  the  dark  areas. 

Legs  pale ;  tips  of  tibiae  and  of  tarsal  joints  dark,  often  some  small  dots  or 
spots  on  tibiae ;  femora  with  dark  spots  on  outer  side  and  a  dark  band  some- 
what before  tip ;  bristles  mostly  white,  but  some  on  hind  legs  dark,  front 
femora  with  a  row  of  long  white  hairs  above. 

Wings  with  mostly  brown  veins,  interrupted  with  white,  many  cross-veins 
wholly  white,  others  wholly  dark,  usually  a  few  small  brown  clouds  in  the 
subcostal  area,  about  five  to  seven  radial  cross-veins  bordered  with  brown, 
often  some  spots  along  cubitus,  a  dark  line  from  rhegma  up  over  several 
cross-veins,  many  outer  forkings  dark;  hind  wings  wdth  no  distinct  marks 
except  the  pale  stigma. 

Last  joint  of  labial  palpi  distinctly  enlarged,  much  more  than  in  pusillus. 
Pronotum  hardly  longer  than  broad,  sides  nearly  parallel.  Wings  broader 
than  in  pusillus;  the  fore  wings  have  the  costal  area  broadened,  always  with 
several  costals  forked,  often  many  of  them,  and  nearly  always  with  at  least 
one  connecting  veinlet  and  sometimes  almost  wholly  two-celled  to  near  the 
base ;  usually  three  cross- veins  before  the  radial  sector,  but  sometimes  only 
one  or  two;  usually  seven  branches  to  the  radial  sector;  nine  or  ten  branches 
of  first  anal ;  usually  a  few  cross-veins  in  apical  costal  area ;  hind  wmg  slender, 
two  cross-veins  before  radial  sector,  five  to  seven  branches  of  radial  sector, 
anal  vein  ends  at  about  forking  of  cubitus,  and  sometimes  one  connecting 
veinlet  to  cubital  fork,  spurs  of  front  legs  but  little  more  than  first  joint,  of 
hind  pair  equal  to  first  joint. 

Length  of  fore  wings  13  to  23  mm.,  width  3  to  6  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wings  12  to  22  mm.,  width  2.4  to  4.6  mm. 

Holotijpe,  (No.  4914,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Triunfo,  Lower 
California,  July  13  (M.  &  R.). 

Many  paratypes  from  Miraflores,  8,  VII ;  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
10,  VII ;  twelve  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  9,  VII ;  Santiago,  8, 
VII,  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  21,  VI ;  Comondu,  22,  VII ;  Triunfo,  13,  VII ;  six 
miles  north  of  Triunfo,  15,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  5,  VII ;  San 
Domingo,  19,  VII ;  Venancio,  17,  VII ;  fifteen  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  4, 
VII ;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  16,  VII ;  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo, 
13,  VII;  and  San  Fernando,  31,  VII. 

An  extremely  variable  species,  in  this  respect  recalling  Cryptoleon  signa- 
tum  from  the  eastern  United  States. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANKS:  MTBMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  143 

Chaetoleon  pusillus  (Currie) 

Brachynemurus  pusillus  CuRRiE,  Can.  Ent.,  XXXI,  363,  1899. 
Chaetoleon  imsillus,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  ZooL,  LXVIII,  57, 1927. 

Specimens  from  San  Domingo,  19,  VII ;  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  20, 
VII ;  ten  miles  south  of  Catavina,  29,  VII ;  Venancio,  17,  VII ;  Miraflores,  8, 
VII ;  ten  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  9,  VII ;  and  seventeen  miles 
south  of  Ensenada,  14,  VI.  Described  from  Arizona  and  known  from  New 
Mexico  and  Utah. 

The  two  species  can  be  separated  by  this  table  : 

Hind  femora  reaching  much  beyond  the  first  segment  of  abdomen ;  hind  tibiae  much  longer 
than  hind  femora ;  hind  tibia  with  only  black  bristles ;  pronotum  but  little  wider  behind 
than  in  front;  first  vertex  row  entire;  costal  area  with  connecting  cross-veins.  .  .  .pusillus 

Hind  femora  reaching  only  a  trifle,  if  any,  beyond  the  first  segment  of  abdomen;  hind 
tibiae  but  little,  if  any,  longer  than  femora;  some  white  bristles  on  hind  tibiae;  pro- 
notum plainly  wider  behind  than  in  front;  first  vertex  row  usually  broken  into  three 
sections;  costal  area  of  fore  wings  usually  two-celled  in  at  least  a  few  places.  .  .varia'bilis 

Austroleon  barberi  (Currie) 

Plate  8,  figures  8  and  11 

Brachynemurus  iarberi  Currie,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  V,  282, 1903. 
Austroleon  Ijarheri,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  55, 1927. 

This  species  has  been  known  only  by  the  female  type  from  Hot  Springs, 
Arizona. 

Various  specimens  come  from  Comondu,  22  July;  Miraflores,  8  July;  and 
six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  15  July.  It  is  easily  recognized  by  the  pronotal 
marks,  the  very  large  tip  to  the  labial  palpi,  and  in  that  the  black  mark  at 
base  of  the  snow-white  stigma  extends  obliquely  back  on  the  radial  sector 
in  both  wings.  The  hair  on  abdomen  is  largely  white,  but  toward  base  above 
there  is  some  black  hair.  There  are  usuallv  three  cross-veins  before  radial 
sector  in  fore  wing,  sometimes  but  two,  and  usually  two  before  sector  in  hind 
wings,  but  sometimes  three;  six  or  seven  branches  to  the  radial  sector,  the 
fourth  usually  appears  as  a  separate  radial  sector;  in  fore  wing  the  first 
branch  of  the  radial  sector  arises  much  beyond  the  end  of  first  anal  vein; 
nine  to  eleven  branches  to  the  first  anal ;  usually  few,  if  any,  costals  before 
stigma  forked;  a  few  cross-veins  in  apical  costal  area;  hair  on  the  veins  is 
extremel}"  scanty  and  very  short. 

The  last  segment  of  abdomen  of  male  is  almost  twice  as  long  as  high,  and 

plainly  a  little  shorter  than  the  preceding  segment;  the  male  appendages  are 

two  parallel  processes  covering  the  posterior  end  of  the  last  segment,  not 

projecting. 

Eremoleon  nigribasis  Banks 

Eremoleon  nigribasis  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXIV,  1920;  ibid.,  LXVIII,  71, 1927. 

Specimens  from  Venancio,  17,  VII ;  and  twenty  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz, 
16,  VII. 

Described  from  Utah,  and  known  also  from  Arizona  and  New  Mexico. 


144  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc  4th  Ser. 

Eremoleon  affine  Banks,  new  species 

A  black  band  below  bases  of  the  antennae,  above  dark,  but  not  so  distinct, 
anterior  row  across  vertex  indistinct,  posterior  row  of  two  large,  submedian 
spots;  antennae  pale  on  a  few  of  the  basal  joints,  beyond  brown,  last  joint  of 
labial  palpi  scarcely  darkened.  Pronotum  gray-yellowish,  wdth  four  black 
lines,  submedian  pair  more  separated  at  groove  than  elsewhere,  lateral  pair 
somewhat  sinuous  and  broken,  the  short  bristles  are  black,  but  on  sides  some 
white  hair ;  meso-  and  metanotum  also  yellowish,  spotted,  mostly  through  the 
middle,  with  black;  scutelli  with  two  black  spots;  a  large  black  spot  below 
base  of  front  wings,  and  one  behind  base  of  hind  wings ;  pleura  yellow,  with 
a  broken,  black  streak ;  abdomen  below  yellowish  on  basal  half,  beyond  mostly 
dark,  above  dark,  but  with,  a  yellowish  spot  before  middle  of  each  segment, 
sometimes  those  toward  tip  small;  hair  extremely  short  and  mostly  white. 

Legs  pale,  dotted  with  dark,  tips  of  tibiae  with  a  black  band,  tips  of  tarsal 
joints  but  little  darkened;  bristles  slender  and  mostly  black;  spurs  equal 
three  tarsal  joints  in  front  legs,  and  fully  two  joints  in  hind  legs. 

Wings  with  black  veins,  interrupted  with  white;  a  dark  spot  at  base  of 
stigma,  a  fainter  mark  at  end  of  anal  vein,  and  another  at  rhegma.  In  some 
specimens  the  junction  of  many  veins  is  plainly  bordered  with  dark. 

Structure  similar  to  other  species.  In  the  fore  wings  five  to  seven  cross-veins 
before  the  radial  sector,  nine  to  ten  branches  of  the  radial  sector,  eleven  to 
fourteen  branches  of  the  first  anal  vein ;  a  row  of  cross-veins  in  apical  costal 
area ;  often  one  cell  before  radial  sector  is  crossed. 

Length  of  fore  wing  23.5  to  33  mm.,  width  6  to  9.5  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wing  22  to  31  mm.,  width  5.5  to  7.5  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4915,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Miraflores,  Lower 
California,  July  8. 

Specimens  from  Miraflores,  8,  VII ;  Venancio,  17,  VII ;  five  miles  south  of 
San  Miguel,  20,  VII;  and  one  from  Mejia  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  28,  VI, 
(E.P.VanDuzee). 

Separated  from  the  other  known  species  in  the  following  table  : 

1.  Costal  area  from  extreme  base  to  the  first  cross-vein  jet  black ;  scutelli  with  dark  spots ; 
not  many  hyaline  cross-veins nigrihasis  Banks 

—  Costal  area  not  black  at  extreme  base 2 

2.  Vertex  in  front  with  a  transverse  row  of  three  or  four  spots;  scutelli  scarcely  marked; 
no  black  spot  below  base  of  fore  wing 3 

—  Vertex  with  two  large,  subtriangular  dark  spots,  and  sometimes  a  transverse  line  in 
front;  scutelli  each  with  two  black  spots,  a  large  deep  black  spot  below  base  of  fore 
wing    , affine 

3.  Four  spots  in  the  row  on  front  of  vertex,  many  cross-veins  hyaline macer  Hagen 

—  The  median  pair  of  spots  united,  interantennal  mark  very  large,  f  CAver  cross-veins  pale ; 
all  parts,  especially  antennae  and  legs  more  elongate  than  in  macer longior  Banks 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANKS:   MYBMELEONIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  145 

Psammoleon  normalis  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  figures  10  and  16 

Face  with  a  large  interantennal  mark,  below  emarginate  in  middle,  above 
reaching  nearly  to  the  vertex,  latter  with  two  rows  of  black  spots,  the  middle 
spot  of  front  row  partly  divided,  when  fresh  it  is  almost  velvety ;  antennae 
brown,  a  few  basal  joints  pale ;  palpi  pale,  last  joints  of  labials  with  an  elon- 
gate black  spot. 

Pronotum  mostly  black,  nsuallj^  with  a  graj'  bloom,  a  pale  median  line  be- 
fore groove,  and  the  sides  with  one  or  two  pale  spots,  posterior  part  showing 
more  or  less  plainly  one  or  two  pale  areas;  meso-  and  metanotum  mostly 
black,  with  gray  bloom,  which,  when  rubbed,  shows  a  number  of  pale  spots ; 
mesoscutellum  with  one  each  side  and  hind  border  pale,  metascutellum  with 
hind  border  pale. 

Abdomen  black,  with  the  same  gray  bloom,  usually  four  pale  spots  each 
side  above ;  hair  below  short  and  white.  Front  femora  mostly  dark  above  ex- 
cept base,  and  mid  and  hind  femora  heavily  spotted  with  dark,  all  tibiae 
spotted,  tarsal  joints  dark  at  tips ;  front  coxae  with  comb  of  long  white  hairs, 
femora  with  mostly  short  white  hair  and  white  bristles,  hind  tibiae  wdth  only 
black  bristles,  front  and  mid  tibiae  with  mostl}'  white  ones.  Pleura  dark,  with 
long  white  hair. 

Wings  with  black  veins,  broken  with  white ;  fore  wings  with  a  large  oblique 
white  area  just  above  rhegma,  a  black  line  obliquely  up  from  end  of  anal,  and 
another  up  from  rhegma,  many  outer  forkings  dark,  stigma  pale,  dark  on 
base;  hind  wing  with  some  outer  forkings  dark. 

Pronotum  about  as  long  as  broad,  slightly  broader  behind,  only  short  black 
hairs,  no  white  ones  on  the  sides.  Legs  moderately  short  and  stout ;  spurs  stout 
and  curved,  front  spurs  equal  three  tarsal  joints,  others  only  two. 

Fore  wings  with  about  seven  cross-veins  before  the  radial  sector,  latter  with 
about  nine  or  ten  branches,  some  cross-veins  in  apical  costal  area,  nine  or  ten 
branches  of  first  anal  vein,  second  anal  forked.  In  hind  wings  nine  or  ten 
branches  to  radial  sector,  about  four  branches  to  first  anal  vein,  and  one 
veinlet  up  to  cubital  fork,  second  anal  with  one  branch  behind  and  one  up  to 
first  anal. 
.   Length  of  fore  wings  27  to  29  mm.,  width  6  to  8  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wings  26  to  27  mm.,  width  5  to  6  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4916,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  collected  at  Venancio, 
Lower  California,  July  17  (M.  &  R.) . 

Paratypes  come  from  San  Fernando,  1,  VIII;  Venancio,  July  17;  fifteen 
miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29 ;  forty-five  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio, 
July  27 ;  fifteen  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  twelve 
miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  27 ;  twenty  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz, 
July  16;  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15;  and  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion 
Bay,  July  24. 


146  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Psammoleon  f  emoralis  Banks,  new  species 
Plate  8,  figures  13  and  17 

Two  dark  spots  on  clypeus ;  large  interantennal  mark  below  and  well  above 
antennae ;  vertex  with  two  transverse  rows  of  black  spots,  anterior  one  slender, 
middle  spot  broad,  pointed  behind,  hind  row  with  two  spots  near  middle; 
antennae  ver}^  dark,  tip  paler;  labial  palpi  with  last  joint  much  swollen  and 
mostly  black;  pronotum  mostly  black,  with  a  gray  bloom,  front  part  with  a 
median  pale  line,  and  the  side  margins  pale,  posterior  part  showing  faintly 
a  pale  spot  each  side  and  traces  of  a  median  pale  line:  mesonotum  black,  with 
gray  bloom,  a  pale  spot  each  side  on  anterior  lobe,  lateral  lobes  with  pale 
margin  on  inner  side ;  mesoscutellum  wdth  pale  medium  spot  behind ;  meta- 
notum  largely  dark,  as  also  the  pleura;  abdomen  black  above,  with  a  pale 
median  spot  before  middle  of  each  segment,  smaller  on  posterior  segments; 
hair  beneath  white. 

Legs  heavily  spotted  with  black,  front  and  hind  femora  almost  wholly  dark 
above,  with  mostly  white  hair,  tibiae  and  tarsal  joints  black  at  tips,  the  long 
bristles  mostly  black. 

Wings  with  dark  veins,  but  some  interrupted  with  white ;  fore  wings  have  a 
black  line  obliquely  up  from  end  of  anal  vein,  ending  above  in  a  much  enlarged 
rounded  spot,  and  a  fairly  large  spot  at  rhegma,  and  a  smaller  spot  over  last 
radial  cross-vein;  hind  wings  with  spot  at  rhegma,  line  up  from  anal  vein, 
spot  before  white  stigma,  and  on  last  few  radial  cross-veins.  Pronotum  with 
rather  stout  black  hair  in  middle  as  well  as  on  the  sides,  besides  the  minute 
hair;  pronotum  plainly  longer  than  broad;  legs  very  slender  and  delicate, 
the  front  femur  not  swollen  towards  tip,  the  spurs  long,  little  curved  except 
at  tip,  front  and  mid  pairs  equal  three  tarsal  joints,  hind  pair  a  little  more 
than  two  joints. 

Wings  with  more  elongate  cells  (except  costals)  than  usual,  radial  sector 
as  far  out  as  end  of  the  anal  vein,  six  cross-veins  before  the  radial  sector,  the 
cells  here  much  longer  than  broad,  about  seven  branches  to  radial  sector,  nine 
or  ten  branches  to  first  anal,  second  anal  vein  forked.  In  hind  wing  about  seven 
radial  sectors,  first  nearly  at  middle  of  wing-length,  three  branches  of  first 
anal,  none  to  cubital  fork ;  in  both  wings  a  few  cross-veins  in  apical  costal  area. 

Length  of  fore  wing  20  mm.,  width  4.5  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wing  18.5  mm.,  width  3.7  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4917,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  20  miles  N.W.  La 
Paz,  Lower  California,  July  16  (M.  &  R.),  and  paratj^pes  from  twenty  miles 
northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16,  and  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20. 

Puren  albovaria  Banks,  new  species 

Plate  8,  fiures  3  and  6 
A  black,  interantennal  mark,  sometimes  nearly  reaching  vertex  above, 
latter  with  two  rows  of  black  spots;  last  segment  of  labial  palpi  black,  en- 
larged, pointed ;  antennae  brown  to  black ;  pronotum  dark,  with  a  black  stripe 


Vol.  XXIV]  BANKS:   MYRMELEONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  147 

each  side,  not  pointed  in  front,  broad  behind;  a  pale  median  line  margined 
with  dark  stripes;  rest  gray  to  yellowish;  thoracic  notum  gray,  with  black 
spots  and  lines,  and  some  small  yellowish  spots ;  mesoscntellum  with  three  pale 
spots ;  pleura  mostly  pale,  with  some  black  patches,  and  long  white  hair.  Ab- 
domen black,  with  white  hair ;  legs  mosth^  shining  black,  tarsi  almost  wholly 
so,  femur  with  some  pale  patches,  especially  the  hind  pair,  tibiae  of  fore  and 
mid  pairs  with  pale  band  toward  base,  hind  tibiae  with  much  pale  behind. 
Wings  with  much  white  on  veins,  long  streaks  and  large  patches  are  wholly 
white,  more  so  in  the  hind  wings ;  subcosta  and  radius  both  interrupted  with 
dark,  but  more  white  than  dark ;  a  deep  black  stripe  starts  from  the  extreme 
base  of  wing,  runs  out  along  the  lower  edge  of  medius,  stopping  a  few  cells 
before  the  radial  sector;  a  long,  sinuous  black  line  from  end  of  anal  vein 
curves  up,  then  extends  out  straight  to  the  rliegma  w^here  it  bends  obliquely 
upward  toward  the  last  radial  cross-vein;  there  are  black  spots  over  several 
of  the  outer  radial  cross-veins,  particularly  the  last  two ;  a  black  mark  at  base 
of  stigma,  and  over  last  two  radial  cross-veins. 

In  hind  wings  a  dark  spot  at  base  of  stigma. 

In  structure  similar  to  P.  inscriptus.  Pronotum  a  little  longer  than  broad, 
sides  nearly  parallel,  with  long,  white  hair,  a  row  of  curved  ones  on  posterior 
sides.  Legs  moderately  stout,  front  femur  swollen,  all  with  long  white  and 
some  black  hair,  bristles  mostly  white,  front  coxae  with  comb  of  long,  white 
hair,  hair  and  bristles  of  tibiae  mostly  black.  Front  spurs  equal  to  two  tarsal 
joints,  others  nearly  straight,  little  longer  than  the  long  basitarsus. 

Wings  acute  at  tips ;  fore  wing  with  a  double  costal  series  almost  to  base, 
in  some  places  three  cells ;  about  seven  cross-veins  before  radial  sector ;  about 
eleven  or  twelve  branches  of  radial  sector ;  about  ten  branches  of  first  anal 
vein. 

In  hind  wings  ten  branches  to  radial  sector;  four  branches  of  first  anal 
to  margin,  usually  one  or  two  to  cubital  fork.  In  both  wings  a  few  cross-veins 
in  apical  costal  area. 

Length  of  fore  wing  25  to  28  mm.,  width  5  to  6.5  mm. 

Length  of  hind  wing  24  to  27  mm.,  width  4.4  to  5.3  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4918,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  Venancio,  Lower 
California,  July  17,  1938  (M.  &  R.)  ;  paratypes  are  from  twenty  miles  north- 
west of  La  Paz,  16,  VII ;  Triunfo,  13,  VII ;  and  Venancio,  17,  VII. 

Myrmeleon  rusticus  Hagen 

Myrmeleon  rusticus  Hagen,  Synopsis  Neur.  N.  Am.,  233,  1861. 
Myrmeleon  rusticus,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  78, 1927. 

Many  specimens  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  21  June ;  fifteen  and  forty-five 
miles  north  San  Ignacio,  24  and  27  July;  San  Miguel,  3  July ;  Hamilton  Rch., 
2  August ;  Mesquital,  22  June ;  seventeen  miles  north  of  Ensenada,  14  June ; 
Comondu,  22  July ;  ten  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  21  June ;  twenty  miles 
north  of  La  Paz,  16  July;  San  Domingo,  19  July;  and  Venancio,  17  July. 


148  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Mr.  Van  Duzee  took  specimens  at  San  Marcos  Id.,  Gulf  of  California,  19 
June,  and  Angeles  Bay,  Gulf  of  California,  4  May  and  25  June. 

Described  from  western  Texas  and  known  from  New  Mexico,  Utah,  Arizona, 
and  southern  California. 

Paranthaclisis  congener  (Hagen) 

Acanthaclisis  congener  Hagen,  Synopsis  Neur.  N.  Am.,  224,  1861. 
Paranthaclisis  congener,  Banks,  Bull.  Mus,  Comp.  ZooL,  LXVIII,  80,  1927. 

Specimens  from  Mesquital,  28  July;  and  from  fifteen  and  forty-five  miles 
north  of  San  Ignacio,  24  and  27  July.  Known  from  New^  Mexico,  Arizona, 
southern  California. 

Paranthaclisis  hageni  (Banks) 

Acanthaclisis  hageni  Banks,  Ent.  News,  X,  170,  1899. 

Paranthaclisis  hageni  Banks,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  LXVIII,  81,  1927. 

Several  from  Venancio,  17  July;  San  Domingo,  19  July;  and  San  Fer- 
nando, 1  August. 

Described  from  Arizona ;  known  from  Texas,  Kansas,  and  New  Mexico. 

Vellahespera  (Banks) 

Acanthaclisis  hespera  Banks,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phila.,  1914,  618;  Bull.  Mus.  Comp. 
Zool.,  LXVIII,  84, 1927. 

Specimens  of  this  form  were  collected  by  Eisen  and  Vaslit  and  recorded 
in  1895  as  Acanthaclisis  fallax  Rbr.  Since  then  I  have  seen  many  more 
specimens  of  these  large  myrmeleonids.  Acanthaclisis  fallax  was  described  by 
Rambur  from  "Guyane."  The  South  American  form  and  a  similar  species 
from  central  and  eastern  Mexico,  Y.  impostor,  have  the  costal  area  much  more 
broadened  near  base  than  the  Y.  texana  Hagen  and  Y.  hespera  Bks.  from  the 
southern  United  States.  The  Baja  Californian  species  agrees  with  Y.  hespera. 

Specimens  in  this  collection  come  from  fifteen  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio, 
26  July ;  Triunfo,  13  July;  and  Mesquital,  28  July. 

Described  from  New  Mexico,  and  recorded  from  Arizona. 


PLATE 


(^ 


^os 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE 

PLATE  8 

Fig.    1.  Scotoleon  congener,  tip  of  abdomen  of  male. 

Fig.    2.  Netroneurus  yulchellus,  tip  of  abdomen  of  male. 

Fig.    3.  Puren  alhovaria,  hind  tarsus. 

Fig.    4.  Chaetoleon  variabilis,  scutelli. 

Fig.    5.  Chaetoleon  variahilis,  pronotum. 

Fig.    6.  Puren  alhovaria,  pronotum. 

Fig.    7.  Maracandula  minima,  pronotum. 

Fig.    8.  Austroleon  harberi,  tip  of  abdomen  of  male. 

Fig.    9.  Maracandula  minima,  tip  of  abdomen  of  male. 

Fig.  10.  Psammoleon  normalis,  hind  tarsus. 

Fig.  11.  Austroleon  barberi,  tip  of  labial  palp. 

Fig.  12.  Netroneurus  pulcliellus  pallescens,  pronotum. 

Fig.  13.  Psammoleon  femoralis,  hind  tarsus. 

Fig.  14.  Maracandula  minima,  tip  of  abdomen  from  behind. 

Fig.  15.  Hesperoleon  peninsulanus,  hind  tarsus. 

Fig.  16.  Psammoleon  normalis,  tip  of  labial  palp. 

Fig.  17.  Psammoleon  femotalis,  tip  of  labial  palp. 


[150] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.   SCI.,   4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.   4 


[BANKS]  PLATE   8 


[151] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  5,  pp.  153-160,  pi.  9  March  31,  1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 


No.  5 
SYMPHYLA 

BY 

A.  E.  MICHELBACHER 

University  of  California 

No  SERIOUS  ATTEMPT  to  collect  sA^mphvlaiis  in  Lower  California  has  ever  been 
made.  During  our  recent  expedition  we  were  so  occupied  with  general 
collecting  that  we  neglected  to  make  a  thorough  search  for  members  of  this 
class.  Because  of  the  extreme  cliyness  of  the  peninsula,  we  found  few  suitable 
places  for  collecting  symphylans.  Experience  has  shown  that  it  is  scarcely 
worth  while  to  look  for  them  unless  the  soil  is  moist.  In  two  of  the  localities 
where  moist  soil  was  found,  a  careful  search  proved  to  be  difficult  because  the 
soil  was  light  and  too  readily  broken  up.  This  same  problem  would  un- 
doubtedly be  encountered  over  a  large  part  of  the  peninsula. 

Attempts  were  made  to  collect  specimens  in  only  four  localities,  and  they 
were  successful  in  two  places,  namely  Comondu  and  Triunfo.  At  Comondu 
irrigation  produced  favorable  conditions  for  collecting,  and  at  Triunfo,  in 
the  Cape  region,  the  soil  was  moist  as  a  result  of  recent  rains.  Sufficient  evi- 
dence was  obtained  from  the  examinations  made  to  indicate  that  Symphyla 
are  probably  not  rare  in  Lower  California.  Although  they  were  not  found  in 
abundance  anywhere,  it  seems  likely  that  if  more  time  had  been  devoted  to 
searching  for  them,  areas  would  have  been  found  where  some  species,  at  least, 
could  have  been  collected  in  large  numbers. 

*  Printed  from  the  John  W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[153] 


154  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Prior  to  our  trip,  Hilton  (Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  24(3)  :  537-52)  was  the 
only  worker  who  had  reported  any  symphylans  from  Lower  California.  His 
specimens  were  all  from  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  symphylans  known  from  Lower  California. 

(1)  Geophilella  sp. 

Geophilella  Eibaut,  1913,  Bull.  Soc.  d'Histoire  Nat.  Toulouse,  46 :  77. 

A  single  specimen  belonging  to  this  genus  was  collected  on  a  hillside  a  mile 
or  two  south  of  Triunfo. 

(2)  Symphylella  isabellse  (Grassi) 

Scolopendrella  isdbellae  Grassi,  1886,  Mem.  E.  Accad.  Sci.,  Torino,  (ser.  2)  37:  595^; 
Hansen,  1903,  Quart.  Jour.  Micros.  Sci.,  (n.s.),  47:  74^;  Hansen,  1903,  Bull,  du  Museum 
d'Histoire  Naturelle  Paris,  9 :  34P. 

Symphylella  isahellae,  Silvestri,  1902,  in:  Berlese,  Acari,  Myriopoda  et  Scorpiones 
hucusque  in  Italia  Eeperta,  Padrova,  Fasc.  96,  No.  10^ ;  Bagnall,  1914,  Nat.  Hist.  Soc. 
Northumberland  Durham  and  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  Trans,  (n.s.)  4:  17,  32  and  40^; 
Bagnall,  1918,  Jour.  Zoo.  Eesearch,  3:  92^;  Bagnall,  1918,  Scottish  Nat.,  p.  80';  Bag- 
nall, 1923,  The  Vasculum,  p.  7P.  Hilton,  1931,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  24(3)  :  548". 

The  writer  has  never  seen  an}'  specimens  of  this  species,  but  Hilton  has 
reported  collecting  specimens  about  50  miles  from  Tiajuana,  below  Ensenada 
on  the  hSij  and  near  Santo  Tomas. 

Type  locality :  southern  Italy\  Recorded  distribution :  southern  Italy^' " 
Sicily"' "";  British  Isles"' ^' ^' ^ ;  Belgium^;  southern  California";  Lower  Calif or- 
nia**,  and  France^ 

(3)  Symphylella  capicola  Michelbacher,  new  species 

(Plate  9,  Figures  la  to  Ig) 

Head  slightly  elongate,  1.12  times  longer  than  wide;  central  rod  (coronal 
suture)  not  interrupted  at  the  middle ;  the  anterior  branches  (frontal  sutures) 
barely  distinguishable ;  diameter  of  post  antennal  organs  about  one-third  the 
greatest  width  of  the  third  antennal  segment.  Antennae  of  twenty-one  seg- 
ments. Setae  on  basal  segments  prominent  and  rather  long,  but  much  reduced 
on  distal  segments.  The  setae  on  the  inner  side  of  the  basal  segments  much 
longer  than  those  on  the  outer  side.  The  beginning  of  a  second  whorl  of  setae 
commences  at  the  twelfth  segment.  On  the  third  segment  from  the  apical  end 
two  small,  circular  sensory  organs  are  found  which  are  in  line  with  the  whorl 
of  primary  setae.  Similar  organs  are  found  on  each  of  the  next  three  antennal 
segments.  Only  the  thirteen  tergites  having  the  triangular  processes  are  con- 
sidered, and  these  are  referred  to  by  numbers.  The  tips  of  the  processes  are 
rounded.  The  distance  between  the  processes  of  the  first  tergite  at  their  bases 
about  equal  to  or  a  little  more  than  their  width  at  the  base.  The  processes  of 
the  second  tergite  are  slightly  longer  than  broad,  and  the  long,  anterior 
lateral  setae  are  only  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  processes ;  those  of  the 


Vol.  XXIV]  MICHELBACEEB :  SYMPHYLA  155 

third  tergite  about  six-tenths  the  length  of  the  processes.  The  apical  setae  are 
located  some  distance  back  of  the  tip  of  the  processes.  The  number  of  setae 
between  the  anterior  lateral  and  the  apical  setae  shows  some  variatioii.  The 
number  of  setae  found  on  either  margin  between  the  anterior  lateral  and  the 
apical  setae  for  each  of  the  thirteen  tergites  in  the  type  specimen  is  shown  in 
table  1.  The  number  of  setae  found  on  the  only  other  adult  specimen  I  have 
is  also  shown.  The  number  of  marginal  setae  on  the  two  sides  of  the  same 
tergite  of  the  same  individual  may  show  some  variation.  The  first  pair  of  legs 
is  reduced  to  wart-like  structures  with  a  prominent  spine  on  their  apex. 
The  remaining  pairs  well  developed,  and  sparsely  covered  with  setae.  The 
tibia  of  last  pair  of  legs  has  four  rather  promient  setae  on  the  upper  surface, 
their  length  equal  to  about  two-thirds  the  width  of  the  segment.  The  tarsus 
of  the  last  pair  of  legs  three  and  three-tenths  times  as  long  as  wide,  and  on  the 
upper  surface  there  are  six  prominent  setae,  four  of  which  are  protruding  and 
about  as  long  as  the  width  of  the  tarsus.  On  the  lower  surface  of  the  femur 
there  is  a  definite  bulge.  The  claws  of  the  last  pair  of  legs  unequal ;  the  an- 
terior one  being  the  larger.  The  styli  are  very  much  reduced,  cone-shaped, 
densely  covered  with  short  hairs  except  on  the  apex  where  there  is  a  spine  or 
a  group  of  hairs  that  are  about  one-half  as  long  as  the  styli.  They  are  found 
at  the  bases  of  the  second  to  the  eleventh  pairs  of  fully  developed  legs  inclu- 
sive ;  and  are  about  twice  as  long  as  their  width  at  the  base.  There  are  seven 
pairs  of  fully  developed  coxal  sacs  which  are  located  at  the  bases  of  the  second 
to  eighth  pair  of  fully  developed  legs  inclusive.  The  cerci  are  large  and  well 
covered  with  setae ;  the  setae  on  the  inner  surface  are  curved  and  nearly  of 
equal  length,  while  those  on  outer  surface  are  of  two  types;  short  curved 
setae,  and  very  much  longer  protruding  setae.  The  striped  organ  about  as 
long  as  the  apical  setae  and  about  as  long  as  the  longest  protruding  setae ; 
cerci  about  three  times  as  long  as  their  greatest  width,  considerably  shorter 
than  the  last  pair  of  legs  and  only  about  three-fifth  as  long  as  the  length  of 
the  head.  Length  of  holotype  2.6  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4971,  Mus.  California  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  from  about  three 
miles  south  of  Triunf o,  Lower  California.  Two  adults  and  six  immatiire  forms 
were  collected  July  6, 1938,  on  a  moist  hillside. 

This  species  is  easily  separated  from  most  other  members  of  the  genus  in 
that  the  central  head  rod  is  not  interrupted  at  about  the  middle.  S.  aniennata 
(Han.)  also  has  this  character,  but  is  easih^  distinguished  from  8.  capicola  by 
a  number  of  good  characters.  In  8.  capicola  the  anterior  lateral  setae  of  the 
second  tergite  are  only  about  one-half  as  long  as  the  processes,  whereas  in 
8.  antennata  the  anterior  lateral  setae  are  somewhat  longer  than  the  processes. 
Probably  the  most  important  character  separating  the  two  species  is  that  in 
8.  antennata  some  of  the  setae  of  the  antennae  are  covered  with  a  number  of 
fine  hairs,  whereas  this  characteris  lacking  in  8.  capicola.  In  figuring  8.  santa 
and  8.  vaca  Hilton  shows  the  head  rod  as  not  being  interrupted.  8.  capicola 
is  separated  from  >S^.  santa  by  the  shape  of  the  tergites  and  the  covering  of 


156  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

setae  on  the  cerei.  In  S.  capicola  there  are  curved  and  much  longer  protruding 
setae  while  in  8.  santa  the  setae  are  rather  short.  S.  capicola  is  separated  from 
8.  vaca  by  the  shape  of  the  tergites  and  the  number  of  setae  found  along  the 
lateral  margins.  Also,  in  8.  capicola  the  cerci  are  much  different  than  those 
figured  by  Hilton  for  8.  vaca.  It  has  not  been  possible  for  the  author  to  examine 
any  of  Hilton's  species. 

(4)  Symphylella  rossi  Michelbacher,  new  species 

(Plate  9,  Figures  2a  to  2g) 

Head  somewhat  elongate,  about  one  and  three-tenths  times  longer  than 
wide;  central  rod  (coronal  suture)  barely  interrupted  at  the  middle,  without 
median  lateral  branches ;  the  anterior  branches  (frontal  sutures)  present  but 
much  less  distinct  than  the  central  rod.  Diameter  of  postantennal  organs 
slightly  more  than  one-half  the  greatest  width  of  the  third  antennal  segment. 
Their  openings  to  the  exterior  larger  than  found  in  most  species.  Antennae  of 
20  to  24  segments  (in  the  type  the  left  antenna  has  20  segments  and  the  right 
antenna  24  segments) .  Setae  on  basal  segments  very  prominent  and  long,  but 
much  reduced  on  the  distal  segments.  The  setae  on  the  inner  side  of  the  basal 
segments  nearly  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  those  on  the  outer  side. 
The  beginning  of  a  second  whorl  of  setae  commences  on  the  tenth  to  thirteenth 
segment.  On  the  third  segment  from  the  apical  end  one  or  two  small,  circular 
sensory  organs  are  located  along  the  row  of  primary  setae.  Similar  organs 
may  be  found  on  the  next  fourteen  segments  toward  the  proximal  end.  In  the 
type  on  the  right  antenna  there  is  one  sensory  organ  on  the  second  antennal 
segment,  two  on  the  third,  and  one  each  on  the  next  ten  segments.  On  the  left 
antenna  two  of  these  sense  organs  are  found  on  the  third  segment  from  the 
apical  end,  three  on  the  fourth,  and  one  each  on  the  next  thirteen  segments. 
Only  the  thirteen  tergites  having  the  triangular  processes  are  considered,  and 
these  are  referred  to  by  numbers.  The  processes  are  all  triangular  in  shape, 
and  their  tips  are  produced  into  knobs.  The  greatest  diameter  of  the  knobs 
about  equals  the  width  of  their  attachment.  The  distance  between  the  processes 
of  the  first  tergite  at  their  bases  about  equals  the  distance  of  the  width  of  the 
processes.  The  processes  of  the  second  tergite  are  considerably  longer  than 
broad,  and  the  apical  setae  are  located  some  distance  back  of  the  tip  of  the 
processes.  The  anterior  lateral  setae  of  the  second  tergite  about  one-half  as 
long  as  the  ^Drocesses.  Those  of  the  third  tergite  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  the 
processes.  The  number  of  setae  between  the  anterior  lateral  and  the  apical 
setae  shows  considerable  variation  even  in  mature  specimens.  The  variation 
in  the  type  and  the  range  in  variation  for  the  species  is  shown  in  table  1.  The 
number  of  marginal  setae  on  the  two  sides  of  the  same  tergite  of  the  same 
individual  may  show  some  variation.  The  first  pair  of  legs  are  reduced  to 
wart-like  structures.  The  remaining  pairs  are  well  developed  and  are  sparsely 
covered  with  setae.  The  tarsus  of  the  last  pair  of  legs  about  four  times  as  long 
as  wide ;  the  tibia  of  the  last  pair  of  legs  is  characterized  by  having  four  rather 


Vol.  XXIV]  MICHELBACHEE:  SYMPEYLA  157 

prominent  setae  on  the  npper  surface,  their  length  equal  to  slightly  more 
than  one-half  the  depth  of  the  segment.  On  the  upper  surface  of  the  tarsus 
there  are  six  rather  prominent  setae,  four  of  which  are  protruding.  They  are 
about  as  long  as  the  width  of  the  tarsus;  claws  nearlj^  equal  although  the 
anterior  one  may  be  slightly  the  larger.  Styli  are  very  much  reduced,  cone- 
shaped,  densely  covered  with  short  hairs  except  on  the  apex  there  is  a  spine 
or  a  group  of  hairs  that  is  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  styli ;  the  styli  are 
about  twice  as  long  as  their  width  at  the  base.  They  are  found  at  the  bases  of 
the  second  to  the  eleventh  pair  of  fully  developed  legs.  There  are  seven  pairs 
of  fully  developed  coxal  sacs  which  are  located  at  the  bases  of  the  second  to 
the  eighth  pair  of  fully  developed  legs  inclusive.  Cerci  are  large  and  well 
covered  with  setae;  the  setae  on  the  inner  surface  are  curved  and  of  nearly 
equal  length,  while  those  on  the  outer  surface  are  of  two  types :  short  numer- 
ous curved  setae,  and  one  to  several,  usually  two,  much  longer  protruding 
setae ;  the  striped  organ  only  about  the  length  of  the  terminal  setae  but  hardly 
as  long  as  the  longest  protruding  setae ;  the  length  of  the  cerci  about  three 
times  their  greatest  width.  They  are  much  shorter  than  the  length  of  the  last 
pair  of  legs  and  only  about  six-tenths  as  long  as  the  length  of  the  head.  Length 
of  holotype  3,4  mm.  Range  for  species  3.4  to  3.5  mm. 

Holotype,  (No.  4972,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.)  collected  at  Comondu, 
Lower  California.  The  species  was  collected  in  a  silty  soil  in  the  agricultural 
land  at  a  point  slightly  higher  than  the  floor  of  the  valley,  where  it  joins  the 
canyon  wall. 

The  most  prominent  feature  of  this  species  is  the  long  setae  found  on  the 
inner  side  of  the  basal  antennal  segments.  These  are  two  and  one-half  times 
longer  than  those  on  the  outer  side.  8.  suhterranea  is  the  species  that  most 
nearly  approaches  this,  but  in  this  species  the  setae  on  the  inner  side  are  less 
than  twice  the  length  of  those  on  the  outer  side.  >S^.  rossi  is  also  smaller  than 
^S'.  suhterranea,  but  averages  larger  in  size  than  any  other  member  of  the 
genus  with  the  exception  of  >8'.  essigi  and  S.  oviceps.  The  number  of  setae  found 
between  the  anterior  lateral  and  the  apical  setae  on  the  thirteen  tergites  is 
close  to  what  is  found  in  >S^.  essigi,  but  only  six  setae  are  found  on  the  upper 
surface  of  the  tarsus  of  the  last  pair  of  legs  in  8.  rossi  whereas  in  S.  essigi  the 
usual  number  is  eight.  8.  isahellae  and  >S'.  vulgaris  probably  fall  in  the  size 
range  of  S.  rossi,  but  there  are  many  good  characters  that  separate  it  from 
these  two  species. 

(5)  Symphylellasp. 

At  the  same  locality  near  Triunfo  where  Symphylella  capicola  was  col- 
lected, an  adult  and  larva  with  ten  pairs  of  legs  of  a  species  closely  related  to 
iS^.  rossi  were  collected.  This  species  so  closely  resembles  S.  rossi  that  I  hesitate 
to  describe  it  as  new  because  of  the  very  limited  material  I  have  in  my  pos- 
session. Except  under  unusual  circumstances  no  symphylan  should  be  de- 
scribed without  an  adequate  series. 


158 


CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


[Proc.  4th  Ser. 


TABLE  1 

Number  of  Setae  Found  between  the  Anterior  Lateral  Setae  and  the  Apical 
Setae  on  the  Tergites  which  have  Triangular  Processes 


Tergite 
number 


Symphi/lella  rossi  sp.  n. 


Symphylella  capicola  sp.  n. 


Number  of 
setae^ 


Range  in  the 
number  of  setae^ 


Number  of 
setae^ 


Number  of  setae  in 
second  adult  specimen 


1 

5-5 

5-6 

2 

5-5 

5-9 

3 

4-6 

4-6 

4 

5-5 

4-7 

5 

9-9 

7-10 

6 

5-5 

4  6 

7 

5-5 

5-7 

8 

7-9 

9 

4-5 

4-6 

10 

5-5 

4-6 

11 

8-7 

7-9 

12 

3-4 

3-5 

13 

6-6 

6-6 

4-4 

3-3 

5-5 

4-5 

3-2 

3-4 

2-3 

3-2 

5-5 

5-5 

3-3 

?-2 

3-2 

3-3 

5-5 

?-5 

3-3 

?-3 

2-3 

2-2 

4-6 

5-5 

3-3 

4-4 

5-4 

4-3 

1  The  number  of  submarginal  and  marginal  setae,  between  the  anterior-lateral  setae  and  the  apical 
setae,  and  the  variation  observed  on  the  two  sides  of  the  same  tergite  in  the  type  specimen. 

^  Range  in  the  number  of  submarginal  and  marginal  setae  between  the  anterior-lateral  setae  and 
the  apical  setae. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE 


PLATE  9 

Setae  on  the  head  are  not  shown,  and  on  the  tergites  only  the 
marginal  setae  are  indicated. 

Fig.  1. — Symphylella  capicola  Michelbacher,  new  species,  la,  tip  of  an- 
tenna ;  lb,  head ;  Ic  to  le,  first  three  large  tergites ;  If,  hind  leg ;  Ig,  spinneret. 
(All  X  205.) 

Fig.  2. — Symphylella  rossi  Miehelbacher,  new  species.  2a,  tip  of  antenna; 
2b,  head;  2c  to  2e,  first  three  large  tergites;  2f,  hind  leg;  2g.  spinneret. 
(All  X  155.) 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH   SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    5 


[michelbacherU  plate  9 


[159] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  6,  pp.  161-170.  June  20,  1942 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 


No.  6 
DIPTERA:  CULICIDAE 

BY 

THOMAS  H.  G.  AITKEN 

Division  of  Entomology  a7id  Parasitology 


University  of  California 


THE  FOLLOWING  ACCOUNT  is  based  primarily  on  material  collected  by  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  A.  E.  Michelbaclier  and  Dr.  E.  S.  Ross  during  a  trip  to  Lower  Cali- 
fornia in  the  summer  of  1938.  Inasmuch  as  the  writer  had  access  to  additional 
mosquito  collections  belonging  to  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  it 
seemed  wise  to  include  in  this  discussion  the  additional  records  from  the  Kevil- 
lagigedo  Islands  (State  of  Colima),  which  lie  approximately  240  miles  south 
of  Cape  San  Lucas. 

Our  knowledge  of  the  mosquito  fauna  of  these  regions  has  been  very  meager 
in  the  past.  The  most  recent  treatise  on  Mexican  mosquitoes  is  that  of  Martini 
(1935)  ;  of  the  114  species  reported  by  him,  only  two  records  are  from  the 
peninsula  [Culex  quinquefasciatus  Say  (fatigans  Wiedemann)  and  Ciilex 
tarsalis  Coquillett] ,  see  also  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1915,  p.  234,  357.  Other 
species  previously  recorded  are  :  Anopheles  maculipennis  Meigen  and  Anoph- 
eles pseudopunctipennis  Theobald  {franciscanus  McCracken)  (Dyar,  1907) 
and  Aedes aegypti  (Linnaeus)  [Stegomyia fasciata  (Fab.)]  (Theobald,  1907). 

*  Printed  from  the  John  W.  Hendrie  Publication  Endowment. 

[  161  ] 


162  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Although  still  far  from  complete,  the  additional  information  obtained  by  the 
Miehelbachers  and  Ross  is  of  great  value,  inasmuch  as  it  has  extended  our 
knowledge  of  the  distribution  of  certain  species  and  in  one  instance  has  re- 
sulted in  the  recognition  of  a  new  subgenus  and  species  of  Aedes.  The  writer 
is  indebted  to  these  collectors  for  the  opportunity  to  study  this  material,  the 
great  majority  of  which  has  been  deposited  in  the  California  Academy  of 
Sciences. 

Inasmuch  as  the  Lower  Californian  material  appears  to  represent  in  many 
instances  a  southern  distribution  of  the  Californian  fauna,  an  asterisk  pre- 
ceding the  specific  name  will  designate  this  condition. 

Tribe  Anophelini 
(1)  Anopheles  (Anopheles)  maculipennis  Meigenf 

Anopheles  maculipennis  Meigen,  1818,  Syst.  Beschr.  Zweifl.  Ins.,  1:11;  Nuttall  and  Ship- 
ley, 1901,  Jour.  Hyg.,  1:45,  269,  451;  ibid.,  1902,  2:58;  ibid.,  1903,  3:166;  Hackett 
and  MissiROLi,  1935,  Riv.  Malariol.,  14:3  ;  Diemer  and  van  Thiel,  1936,  Konin.  Akad.  v. 
Wetensch.  te  Amsterdam,  Science,  Proceed.,  39:109;  Beklemishev  and  Zhelochovtsev, 
1937,  Medit.  Parazit.,  6 :819 ;  Bates,  1940,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  33  :  343. 

Culex  claviger  Fabricius,  1805,  Syst.  Antl.,  p.  35  (nee  C.  claviger  Meigen,  1804). 

Anopheles  alexandrae-shingarevi  Shingarev,  1928,  Russk.  Zhur.  Trop.  Medit.,  6:48. 

Anopheles  maculipennis  var.  typicus  Martini,  Missiroli  and  Hackett,  1931,  Arch.  f.  Sch. 
u.  Tropenhyg.,  35:622. 

Anopheles  claviger  var.  hasilei  Falleroni,  1932.  Tipografia  Cuggiani  (Roma). 

This  holarctic  species  is  represented  in  Lower  California  by  a  single  sub- 
species (freehorni) .  Typical  maculipennis  does  not  occur  in  North  America 
(Aitken,  1939, 1941). 


* 


(la)  Anopheles  (Anopheles)  maculipennis  freeborni  Aitken 


Anopheles  maculipennis  freehorni  Aitken,  1939,  Pan.-Pac.  Ent.,  15:191^;  Aitken,  1942, 

Univ.  Calif.  Publ.  Ent.  (in  press). 
Anopheles  freeliorni,  Vargas,  1940a,  Ciencia,  1:66. 
Anopheles  maculipennis,  Dyar,  1907,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  32:121  (in  part;  record^); 

Herms  and  Freeborn,  1920,  Jour.  Parasit.,  7:69  (egg)  ;  Freeborn,  1926,  Univ.  Calif. 

Pub.,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.,  3:448  (in  part);  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No. 

387,  p.  452  (in  part)  ;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  88  (in  part)  ;  Herms 

and  Frost,  1932,  Jour.  Parasit.,  18:240   {egg)]   Frost,  1932,  Jour.  Parasit.,  18:282 

( terminalia ) . 
Anopheles  occidentalis  Dyar  and  Knab,  1906,  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  19:159  (in  part)  ; 

Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:1026  (in  part) ; 

Vargas,  1940a,  Ciencia,  1:66. 

A  series  of  73  specimens  (females)  have  been  examined  and  are  quite  typi- 
cal of  this  subspecies.  The  pale  apical  wing  spot,  dark  smudgy  wing  spots, 
clearly  demarcated  mesonotal  markings  and  the  pure  white  scale  patch  of  the 
occiput  and  anterior  mesonotum  of  the  subspecies  occidentals  (Dyar  and 
Knab)   are  absent;  likewise  they  do  not  exhibit  the  narrowh'  linear  wing 

t  Several  sjTionyms  have  been  omitted  because  they  pertain  to  other  subspecies. 


Vol.  XXIV]  AITKEX:  CCLICIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBXIA  163 

scales,  indistinct  wing  spots,  generally  larger  size  (including  wings),  and 
somewhat  reddish  thorax  of  the  subspecies  aztecus  Hoffmann. 

Many  of  the  specimens  are  well  engorged  with  blood;  this  mosquito  was 
extremely  annoying  at  Santo  Tomas,  where  it  entered  the  tent  during  the 
night. 

Tyiye  locality:  Davis,  Yolo  County,  California,  XI-6-37,  T.  Aitken\ 

Recorded  distrihution:  Western  United  States  west  of  the  Rocky  Mountains 
from  British  Columbia  to  northern  Mexico  (except  along  the  coast  from  San 
Luis  Obispo  County,  California,  northwards)  ;  Lower  California  :  Distrito  del 
Norte  (Tiajuana)". 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Norte  (San  Fernando  Mission,  July  31 ;  20  miles 
south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3). 

Two  recent  papers  by  Vargas  (1940a,  b)  have  referred  to  "Anopheles  occi- 
dentalis/'  indicating  that  this  mosquito  might  occur  in  the  northern  part  of 
Mexico.  Anopheles  maculipennis  occidentalis  has  not  as  yet  been  taken  south 
of  Ventura  County,  California,  whereas  the  writer  has  seen  numerous  speci- 
mens of  freehorni  from  southern  California,  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  (as 
well  as  Lower  California).  It  would  seem  therefore  that  Vargas'  citations 
should  be  referred  to  freehorni,  and  that  occidentalis  should  be  removed  from 
the  list  of  Mexican  anophelines ;  moreover,  Vargas'  larval  characters  desig- 
nated for  "occidentalis^^  are  on  the  contrary  largely  typical  of  freehorni. 

(2)  Anopheles  (Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis  Theobaldf 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  Theobald,  1901,  Monog.  Culic,  2:305;  Howard,  Dyar  and 
Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:1014  {peruvianus,  argentinus,  and 
tucumanus  syn.)  Shannon,  Davis  and  Del  Ponte,  1927,  Dept.  Nac.  de  Hig.,  Inst.  Bact., 
Eev.  (Argentina) ,  5  :29 ;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  Xo.  387,  -p.  448 ;  Mathe- 
SON,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  91. 

Anopheles  peruvianus  Tamayo  and  Garcia,  1907,  Mem.  Munic.  Lima,  35. 

Froterorhynchus  argentinus  Brethes,  1912,  Bol.  Inst.  Ent.  y  Pat.  Veg.  (Argentina),  1:15. 

Anopheles  tucumanus  Lahille,  1912,  An.  Mus.  Nac.  Buenos  Aires,  23  :253. 

The  %)seudopunctipe7inis  material  (37  females,  seven  males)  from  Lower 
California  appears,  in  the  light  of  recent  studies  (Aitken,  1942),  to  be  com- 
posed of  two  forms,  pseudopitnctipennis  s.s.  and  franciscanus. 

(2a)  Anopheles  (Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis 
pseudopunctipennis  Theobald 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  Theobald,  1901,  Monog.  Culic,  2:305^;  Eoot,  1924,  Amer. 
Jour.  Hyg.,  4:456  (terminalia)  ;  Hoffmann,  1931,  South.  Med.  Jour.,  25:523;  Martini, 
1935,  Dept.  Salub.  Pub.,  Bol.  Tec,  Serie  A,  No.  1,  p.  20;  Eozeboom,  1937,  Jour.  Parasit., 
23:538  (egg);  Vargas,  1939,  Med.  Eev.  Mexieana,  19:356  (in  part) ;  Vargas,  1940a, 
Cieneia,  1:66  (larval  key);  Vargas,  1940b,  Eev.  Inst.  Salub.  y  Enfer.  Trop.,  1:79 
(larva)  ;  Vargas,  1940c,  Eev.  Inst.  Salub.  y  Enfer.  Trop.,  1 :199  (adult  key). 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  pseudopunctipennis,  Aitken,  1942,  Univ.  Calif.  Publ.  Ent. 
(in  press). 

t  The  synonyms  listed  here  were  all  described  from  central  and  southern  South  America, 
and  possibly  pertain  to  a  distinct  subspecies. 


164  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

The  phallosome  leaflets  of  the  male  terminalia  are  extremely  well  developed 
and  are  distinctly  serrated.  The  scales  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  (M) 
are  predominantly^  pale  before  the  fork,  and  those  on  the  stem  of  the  second 
vein  (R2+3)  ^^^  pale,  except  for  a  subbasal  patch.  In  this  respect  these  speci- 
mens agree  with  the  predominant  condition  existing  on  the  Mexican  mainland, 
and  which  the  writer  believes  to  be  typical  pseudopunctipennis.  Two  speci- 
mens from  Comondu  appear  to  be  intermediate  in  scale  coloration ;  they  have 
been  included  here  because  of  the  fact  that  two  larvae  from  the  same  locality 
show  well-developed  "tails"  on  the  postspiracular  plates.  The  antepalmate 
hairs  of  the  fourth  and  fifth  abdominal  segments  are  single  on  one  larva,  but 
are  double  on  the  other ;  the  antennal  hair  is  single,  except  in  one  instance 
where  it  bifurcates  at  the  apex.  This  Cape  region  material  consists  of  24 
females,  six  males  and  two  larvae  (from  barrel) . 

Type  locality:  "Grenada,  February  (Dr.  Hatton,  per  Dr.  Daniels)."  Prob- 
ably the  Island  of  Grenada  (see  Aitken,  1942)  ^ 

Recorded  distribution:  Roughly  the  greater  portion  of  Mexico  (possibly 
extending  into  Arizona,  New  Mexico  and  Texas)  south  along  the  west  coast 
of  South  America  to  the  northwestern  provinces  of  Argentina,  and  in  the 
middle  of  its  range  as  far  east  as  the  Island  of  Trinidad. 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Sur  [San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  2, 1938,  Sr.  Green; 
Comondu,  July  22  (adults,  and  larvae  in  barrel)  ] . 

Inasmuch  as  malaria  is  present  in  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (information  obtained 
from  the  local  health  officer)  and  pseudopunctipe^inis  was  the  only  anopheline 
collected  in  that  town,  it  is  possible  that  it  may  be  responsible  for  transmitting 
the  disease.  The  majority  of  specimens  collected  exhibit  marked  engorgement 
of  blood. 

*(2b)  Anopheles  (Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis 
franciscanus  McCracken 

Anopheles  franciscanus  McCracken,  1904,  Ent.  News,  15:9^;  Dyar,  1907,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mils.,  32:121  (record)^. 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  form  "franciscanus,"  Eoot,  1924,  Amer.  Jour.  Hyg.,  4:456 
(terminalia). 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  subspecies  franciscanus,  Hoffmann,  1931,  South.  Med.  Jour., 
25 : 523;  Aitken,  1942,  Univ.  Calif.  Publ.  Ent.  (in  press). 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis,  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub. 
No.  159,  4:1014  (in  part);  Herms  and  Freeborn,  1920,  Jour.  Parasit.,  7:69  (egg); 
Eoot,  1923,  Amer.  Jour.  Hyg.,  3:264  (terminalia,  var.  hoydi) ;  Freeborn,  1926,  Univ. 
Calif.  Pub.,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.  3:454  (terminalia,  var.  hoydi)  ;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst. 
Wash.,  Pub.  No.  387,  p.  448  (in  part;  terminalia)  ;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  Amer- 
ica, p.  91,  (in  part;  terminalia) ;  Herms  and  Frost,  1932,  Jour.  Parasit.,  18:282  (egg, 
var.  hoydi)  ;  Frost,  1932,  Jour.  Parasit.,  18:282  (terminalia,  var.  hoydi)  ;  Vargas,  1939, 
Med.  Eev.  Mexicana,  19 : 356  (in  part). 

Anopheles  hoydi  Vargas,  1939,  Med.  Eev.  Mexicana,  19 :  356. 

Anopheles  pseudopunctipennis  franciscanus  var.  hoydi,  Aitken,  1942,  Univ.  Calif.  Publ. 
Ent.  (in  press). 


Vol.  XXIV]         AIT  KEN :  CULICIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  165 

The  phallosome  leaflets  of  the  male  terminalia  are  extremelj^  delicate  and 
poorly  developed.  The  scales  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  (M)  are  dark 
before  the  fork,  and  the  second  vein  (Ro-s)  is  entirely  dark-scaled,  except  for 
a  subapical  white  patch  on  the  upper  fork  (Rs)?  and  a  tiny  patch  on  the  stem 
near  the  cross  vein.  A  series  of  four  specimens  (one  male)  were  studied ;  none 
showed  signs  of  recent  blood  meals. 

Type  locality:  Stanford  University,  Santa  Clara  County,  California, 
V-5-03, 1.  McCracken\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Throughout  California,  with  a  scattered  distribu- 
tion in  the  southwestern  states,  probably  extending  south  into  Mexico  as  far 
as  the  states  of  Sinaloa  (Hoffmann,  1931)  and  possibly  Morelos  (Vargas, 
1939)  ;  Lower  California:  Distrito  del  Norte  (Tiajuana,  June  2,  1906,  Dyar 
and  Caudell)l 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Norte  (10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21; 
Rosarito  Beach,  July  5;  San  Fernando  Mission,  July  31;  20  miles  south  of 
Santo  Tomas,  August  3),  Distrito  del  Sur  (Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  19 
miles  south  of  Mulege,  July  1 ) . 

As  a  result  of  recent  studies  (Aitken,  1941),  the  writer  considers  pseudo- 
punctipennis  to  be  composed  of  at  least  two  subspecies.  Anopheles  p.  pseu- 
dopunctipennis  and  A.  p.  franciscaniis ;  the  latter  has  tentatively  been 
associated  with  the  egg  type  described  by  Herms  and  Freeborn  (1920),  the 
males  having  weakly  developed  leaflets  on  the  phallosome  and  the  larvae  lack- 
ing postspiracular  "tails"  (see  Komp,  1937,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  39  :157). 

The  recently  described  Anopheles  hoydi  Vargas  (1939)  from  California 
(Sutter  County),  which  is  based  entirely  on  the  egg  type  described  by  Herms 
and  Frost  (1932),  appears  to  be  nothing  more  than  a  variety  of  franciscanus 
(Aitken,  1942)  ;  it  is  tentatively  to  be  associated  with  males  having  no  plial- 
losomal  leaflets. 

Tribe  Culicini 

*(3)  Aedes  (Ochlerotatus)  taeniorhynchus  (Wiedemann) 

Culex  teaniorhynchus  Wiedemann,  1821,  Dipt.  Exot.,  p.  43\ 

Aedes  taeniorhynchus,  Busck,  1908,  Smiths.  Misc.  Colls.,  52 :63 ;  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knar, 

1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash,,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:667  (damnosus,  syn.) ;  Freeborn,  1926, 

Univ.  Calif.  Pub,,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.,  3:414;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No. 

387,  p.  218   {niger,  epinolus,  syn.);  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  132; 

Martini,  1935,  Dept.  Salub.  Pub.,  Bol.  Tec,  Ser.  A.,  No.  1,  p.  50. 
Culex  damnosus  Say,  1823,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  3 :11. 
Taeniorhynchus  niger  Giles,  1904,  Jour.  Trop.  Med.,  7:382. 
Aedes  niger,  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:672 

(portoricensis,  syn.), 
Culex  portoricensis  Ludlow,  1905,  Canad.  Ent.,  37 :  386. 
Aedes  epinolus  Dyar  and  Knab,  1914,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  2 :61. 

A  series  of  73  specimens  (females)  from  Lower  California,  and  25  (10 
males)  from  the  Kevillagigedo  Islands  were  studied  (including  male  termi- 
nalia) .  All  compared  favorably  with  specimens  from  the  southern  Calif ornian 


XV 


.^::i 


1 1 


166  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

coast  with  the  excei^tion  that  the  fifth  tarsomere  of  the  hind  legs  has  a  tend- 
ency to  be  dark-scaled  distally  (at  least  on  the  ventral  side)  ;  in  this  respect 
they  resemble  the  form  epinolus  from  Peru.  The  subapical  black  band  of  the 
abdominal  sternites  is  quite  prominent,  particularly  on  the  island  specimens. 

Type  locality:  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Atlantic,  Gulf  and  Caribbean  coasts  from  Massa- 
chusetts to  Brazil;  West  Indies  (parts);  Pacific  coast  from  Santa  Barbara 
County,  California,  south  to  Peru,  including  adjacent  islands;  Curran  (1934, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  4th  ser.,  21:147)  reports  this  mosquito  from  the 
Galapagos  Islands. 

Neic  records:  Lower  California,  Distrito  del  Sur  (Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion 
Bay,  19  miles  south  of  Mulege,  July  1,  24;  Magdalena  Bay,  July  18).  Revil- 
lagigedo  Islands  (Clarion  Island,  April  28,  1925,  H.  H.  Keifer;  Socorro 
Island,  Braithwaite  Bay,  May  6, 1925,  H.  H.  Keifer) . 

Many  of  the  specimens  from  Lower  California  are  w^ell  engorged  or  contain 
eggs.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  state  that  this  mosquito  was  particularly  pestif- 
erous, especially  on  the  return  visit  to  Concepcion  Bay  (July  1st).  Rather 
extensive  salt  marsh  breeding  areas  were  observed  at  Magdalena  and  Con- 
cepcion bays,  which  were  characterized  by  the  presence  of  mangrove  trees. 

(4)  Aedes  (Finlaya)  atropalpus  (Coquillett) 

Culex  atropalpus  Coquillett,  1902,  Canad.  Ent.,  34:292^ 

Aedes  atropalpus,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1906,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  14:189,  192;  Howard, 
Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:638;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie 
Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  387,  p.  213  {epactius,  &jn.)  ;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North 
America,  p.  138;  Martini,  1935,  Dept.  Salub.  Pub.,  Bol.  Tec,  Ser.  A.,  No.  1,  p.  56; 
Edwards,  1932,  Gen.  Insect.,  p.  153  (perichares,  syn.). 

Aedes  epactius  Dyar  and  Knab,  1908,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  35:53;  Howard,  Dyar  and 
Knab,  1917,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  4:642. 

Aedes  perichares  Dyar,  1921,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  9:36;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash., 
Pub.  No.  387,  p.  221. 

I  have  one  female  specimen  before  me  from  the  Cape  region  wdiicli  appears 
to  belong  to  this  species.  The  mesonotum  is  largely  bare ;  fortunately,  how- 
ever, a  few  scales  remain,  particularly  around  the  margins.  These  latter  tend 
to  be  whitish  on  the  anterior  and  lateral  margins  of  the  mesonotum  and  some- 
what golden  posteriorly ;  there  are  some  indications  of  dark,  red-brown  scales 
just  preceding  the  ante-scutellar  space.  The  tarsi  of  the  legs  (in  part  missing) 
are  marked  as  follows  :  front  tarsi  having  narrow  basal  and  apical  wdiite  rings 
on  the  first  three  segments  (extremely  narrow  on  the  apex  of  the  third) ,  middle 
tarsi  with  slightly  broader  basal  and  apical  rings  on  the  first  tw^o  segments, 
hind  tarsi  with  broad  basal  and  apical  rings  on  the  first  two  segments.  The 
abdominal  sternites  are  entirely  pale-scaled,  there  being  no  indication  of  an 
apical  black  band.  Dr.  Alan  Stone  (U.  S.  National  Museum)  has  compared 
this  specimen  with  slightly  brushed  atropalpus  from  the  District  of  Columbia 
and  could  find  no  marked  distinctions  betw'een  them. 


Vol.  XXIV]  AITKEK:  CULICIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  167 

Type  locality:  Richmond,  Virginia,  September  26,  E.  G.  Williams\ 

Recorrled  distrihuiion:  Atlantic  coast  region  from  Maine  to  North  Caro- 
lina; Arizona  [Sabiiio  Basin,  Catalina  ]\Its.,  August  23,  1918,  larvae  only, 
C.  H.  T.  Townsend — Dyar,  1922  {epacims)'\  New  Mexico  [Last  Chance  Can- 
yon, August  14 — Barber,  1939  (atropalpus)]  ;  Mexico  [Almoloya,  Oaxaca, 
July  20,  1905,  F.  Knab ;  Cordoba,  Vera  Cruz,  January  4,  1908,  F.  Knab— 
H.,  D.  and  K.,  1917  {efjactius)]  ;  Costa  Rica  [Ciruelas,  Alajuela,  October  29, 
1920,  A.  Alfaro — Dyar,  1921  {pericliares)  and  Liberia,  Guanacaste — Kumm, 
et  al.,  1940  (atropalpus)  ] ;  and  Nicaragua — Dyar,  1928  {pericliares) . 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Sur  (Triunfo,  July  7) . 

The  forms  epactius  and  pericliares  are  now  synonyms  of  atropalpus,  but 
formerly  pericliares  was  considered  by  Dyar  a  distinct  species,  and  epactms 
the  western  race  of  atropalpus.  It  seems  wise  to  group  these  all  together,  as  the 
variations  do  not  appear  to  be  of  a  regional  nature. 

Larvae  are  usually  found  in  rock  pools  and  pot  holes  along  streams.  Kumm, 
Komp  and  Ruiz  (1940,  Amer.  Jour.  Trop.  Med.,  20:385)  found  the  larvae 
in  Costa  Rica  living  in  cemetery  urns.  Rock  pools  were  observed  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross  at  Triunfo ;  the  adult  was  taken  at  light. 

(5)  Aedes  (Kompia)  purpureipes  Aitken 

Aedes  (Kompia)  purpureipes  AiTKE'i^,  1941,  Pan. -Pac.  Ent.,  17:82^'^. 

This  distinctly  neotropical  mosquito  from  the  Cape  region  appears  to  be 
an  Aedes,  but  because  of  the  absence  of  post-spiracular  setae  (one  of  the  prin- 
cipal characters  of  Aedes)  a  new  subgenus,  Kompia,  has  been  proposed  for  it. 
This  condition  has  its  parallel  in  Mansonia,  the  subgenus  Coquillettidia  being 
separated  from  the  other  subgenera  by  the  same  character. 

Unfortunately,  the  correct  placement  of  the  species  will  have  to  wait  until 
male  specimens  have  been  taken. 

Type  locality:  Triunfo,  Distrito  del  Sur,  Lower  California,  Mexico,  July 
7, 1938,  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross.' 

Recorded  distribution:  Patagonia,  Santa  Cruz  County,  Arizona,  August 
8,  1940,  E.  S.  Ross;  Lower  California :  Distrito  del  Sur  (Cape  region — Mira- 
flores,  July  8,  and  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13)". 

New  records:  (see  above). 

One  of  the  specimens  from  San  Bartolo  is  well  engorged  with  blood.  All  of 
the  Lower  California  collections  were  made  at  light.  The  Arizona  specimen 
was  taken  in  the  act  of  biting. 

(6)  Aedes  (Stegomyia)  aegypti  (Linnaeus) 

Culex  aegypti  Linnaeus,  1762,  Hasselquists'  E^ise  nach  Palestina,  p.  470^;  Edwards,  1911, 

Bui.  Ent.  Ees.,  2:265. 
Aedes  aegypti,  Dyar,  1920,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  8:181,  204;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash. 

Pub.  No.  387,  p.  239;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  140;  King,  Bradley 

and  McNeel,  1939,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  Misc.  Pub.  No.  336,  p.  43. 


168  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(Synonyms:  Culex  argent eus  Poiret;  Aedes  argenteus,  Knab;  Culex  fasci- 
atus  Fabricius ;  Stegomyia  fasciata,  Reed  and  Carroll ;  Aedes  fasciatus,  Mar- 
tini; Inscules  fasciatus,  Herrera;  Culex  calopus  Meigen;  Stegomyia  calopus, 
Blanchard;  Aedes  calopus,  Dyar  and  Knab;  Culex  mosquito  Robineau-Des- 
voidy;  Culex  f rater  Robinean-Desvoidy ;  Culex  sugens  Wiedemann  ?;  Culex 
taeniatus  AViedemann;  Cidex  kounoupi  Brulle;  CiUex  niveus  Eicliwald  ?; 
Culex  toxorhynchus  Macquart;  Cidex  annulitarsis  Macquart;  Culex  viridi- 
frons  Walker;  Culex  excitans  Walker;  Culex  formosus  Walker;  Culex  inex- 
orahilis  Walker;  Cidex  exagitans  Walker;  Culex  insatiahilis  Bigot;  Cidex 
impatihilis  Walker;  Culex  hancrofti  Skuse;  Culex  elegans  Ficalbi;  Culex 
rossii  Giles ;  Stegomyia  fasciata  var.  luciensis  Theobald ;  Stegomyia  fasciata 
var.  queenslandensis  Theobald;  Stegomyia  nigeria  Theobald;  Stegomyia 
fasciata  var.  persistans  Banks;  Cidex  anguste-alatus  Becker;  Culex  alhopalpo- 
sus  Becker;  Duttonia  alhoannulis  Ludlow;  Aedes  fasciata  var.  atritarsis  Ed- 
wards ;  for  complete  synonymy  see  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Dyar,  1928, 
and  Edwards,  1932,  Genera  Insect.,  fasc.  194.) 

Through  the  aid  of  Sr.  Green  of  the  health  department,  seven  specimens 
(four  males)  of  this  mosquito  were  obtained  from  the  Cape  region.  Although 
in  a  poor  state  of  preservation,  sufficient  characters  remain  to  make  the  identi- 
fication possible ;  the  terminalia  are  quite  typical  of  this  species.  All  of  the 
females  are  well  engorged  with  blood. 

Type  locality:  Egypt\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Tropico-  and  sub-tropicopolitan ;  occasionally  in- 
vading temperate  regions  in  summer;  Lower  California :  Distrito  del  Sur  (La 
Paz,  A.  Duges— Theobald,  1907,  Monog.  Culic,  4:177  (S.  fasciata),  Howard, 
Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  p.  839,  A.  calopus) . 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Sur  (San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  11,  1938,  Sr. 
Green). 

*(7)  Culex  (Culex)  tarsalis  Coquillett 

Culex  n.sp.  Williston,  1893,  No.  Amer.  Fauna  No.  7,  Div.  Orn.  and  Mam.,  U.  S.  Dept. 
Agric,  p.  253. 

Culex  tarsalis  Coquillett,  1896,  Canad.  Ent.,  28:43^;  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1915, 
Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  3:230  (willistoni,  affinis,  Tcelloggi,  peus,  syn. ;  rec- 
ord^;  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  5:174;  Dyar,  1918,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  6:96; 
ibid.,  1924,  12:95;  Freeborn,  1926,  Univ.  Calif.  Pub.,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.,  3:435;  Dyar, 
1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  387,  p.  383;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North 
America,  p.  169 ;  Martini,  1935,  Dept.  Salub.  Pub.,  Bol.  Tec,  Serie  A,  No.  1,  p.  58. 

Culex  willistoni  Giles,  1900,  Handb.  Gnats  or  Mosqs.,  p.  281. 

Culex  affinis  Adams,  1903,  Kansas  Univ.  Sci.  Bull.,  20 :25. 

Culex  Tcelloggii  Theobald,  1903,  Canad.  Ent.,  25:211. 

Culex  peus  Speiser,  1904,  Insecktenb.,  21 :  148. 

A  series  of  26  specimens  (12  males)  were  examined.  The  majority  exhibit 
the  typical  "V"-shaped,  ventral  abdominal  markings  and  longitudinal  white 
line  on  the  legs  characteristic  of  this  species.  Those  from  Coyote  Cove  resemble 
the  closely-allied  Cidex  stigmatosoma  Dyar  in  external  markings,  but  the  male 


Vol.  XXIV]         AITKEN:  CULICIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  169 

terminalia  indicate  they  are  tarsalis.  Terminalia  preparations  from  Coneep- 
eion  Bay  and  San  Fernando  Mission  carry  an  additional  seta  on  the  apical 
lobe  between  the  "leaflet"  and  the  second  seta;  i.e.,  the  apical  lobe  consists  of 
a  seta,  a  rod-like  ''leaflet/'  two  setae  and  two  rods;  the  rod-like  "leaflet"  is 
somewhat  pointed.  The  outer  blade  of  the  phallosome  has  four  recurved  hooks 
and  the  heavy  outer  bristles  of  the  paraprocts  are  distinctly  blunt. 

A  large  collection  of  larvae  and  pupae  from  Concepcion  Bay  were  exam- 
ined ;  the  hair  tufts  of  the  air  tube  are  typically  in  line,  but  the  subdorsal  hair 
tufts  of  abdominal  segments  III  and  IV  vary  from  three  to  four  branches. 

Type  locality:  Argus  Mountains,  Inyo  County,  California,  April,  1891, 
A.  Koebele\ 

Recorded  distriMition:  North  America  from  the  Mississippi  River  west  to 
the  Pacific  Ocean  and  from  southern  Canada  to  the  state  of  Guerrero,  Mexico ; 
Lower  California:  Distrito  del  Norte  (Tiajuana,  Dyar  and  Caudell)^ 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Norte  (10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ; 
San  Fernando  Mission,  July  31),  Distrito  del  Sur  [Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion 
Bay,  19  miles  south  of  Mulege,  July  1  (adults,  larvae  and  pupae),  July  24]. 

Only  the  specimens  from  Coyote  Cove  are  engorged  with  blood. 

*(8)  Culex  (Oulex)  stigmatosoma  Dyar  ? 

Culex  stig mat 0 soma  Dtah,  1907,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  32 :  123^;  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab, 
1915,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  3 :236 ;  Dyar  and  Knab,  1917,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens., 
5:174;  Dyar,  1918,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  6:96;  ibid.,  1924,  12:96  (eumimetes,  syn.) ;  Free- 
born, 1926,  Univ.  Calif.  Pub.,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.,  3  :438 ;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash., 
Pub.  No.  387,  p.  368  (thriamhus,  syn.) ;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  176; 
EiPSTEiN,  1935,  An.  Inst.  Biol.  Mexico,  6:227;  Martini,  1935,  Dept.  Salub.  Pub.,  Bol. 
Tec,  Serie  A,  No.  1,  p.  58. 

Culex  eumimetes  Dyar  and  Knab,  1908,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  35:61;  Howard,  Dyar  and 
Knab,  1915,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  3 :238. 

Culex  thriamhus  Dyar,  1921,  Ins.  Insc.  Mens.,  9 :33. 

This  species,  which  is  very  closely  allied  and  frequently  indistinguishable 
from  Culex  tarsalis,  is  included  here  with  hesitation.  Two  female  specimens 
are  at  hand  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  which  appear  to  be  stigmatosoma;  the 
ventral  abdominal  dark  spots,  which  are  indistinct,  tend  to  be  rounded,  and 
the  legs  are  brown  (except  for  the  under  sides  of  the  femora  and  the  leg 
joints) ,  the  longitudinal  white  leg  stripe  of  tarsalis  being  absent. 

A  series  of  39  larvae  and  34  pupae  from  Comondu  were  examined  and  ten- 
tatively placed  here.  The  subdorsal  hair  tuft  of  abdominal  segments  III  and 
IV  vary  from  three  to  five  branches,  the  three-  and  four-branched  condition 
predominating  (about  half  and  half).  The  number  of  air  tube  hair  tufts 
varies  from  five  to  six,  and  the  subapical  tuft  is  in  the  majoi*ity  of  cases  dis- 
tinctly out  of  line;  one  larva  has  them  all  in  line  (tarsalis  condition) ,  but  there 
are  intergrades  between  the  two. 

Type  locality:  Pasadena,  Los  Angeles  County,  California,  H.  G.  Dyar\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Western  United  States  south  to  Venezuela. 


170  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records:  Distrito  del  Sur  [San  Jose  Cabo,  July  11,  Sr.  Green;  Comondu, 
July  21  (larvae  and  pupae)  ] . 

(9)  Culex  (Culex)  quinquefasciatus  Say 

Ciilex  quinquefasciatus  Say,  1823,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  3:10  (described  as  Culex 
5-fasciatus)  ;  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1915,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  3  :345 ; 
Freeborn,  1926,  Univ.  Calif.  Pub.,  Tech.  Bull.,  Ent.,  3:431;  Dyar,  1928,  Carnegie  Inst. 
Wash.,  Pub.  No.  387,  p.  380 ;  Matheson,  1929,  Mosqs.  North  America,  p.  165. 

(Snyonyms:  Culex  fatigans  Wiedemann;  pungens  Wiedemann  "?;  acer 
Walker;  cuhensis  Bigot;  cingulatus  Doleschall  ?;  anxifer  Bigot;  serotinus 
Philippi  ?;  auiumnalis  Weyenbergh;  penafieli  Williston;  macleayi  Skuse; 
doleschaUi  Giles;  skusii  Giles;  fatigans  var.  luteoannidatus  Theobald;  fati- 
gans var.  trilineatus  Theobald;  fouchowensis  Theobald;  quasipipiens  Theo- 
bald; reesi  Theobald;  sericeus  Theobald;  alholineatus  Giles;  car^roTt^  Ventril- 
lon;  harharus  Dyar  and  Knab;  didieri  Neveu-Lemaire  ?;  pygmaeus  Neveu- 
Lemaire  ;  Christopher  si  Theobald  ;  quasilinealis  Theobald;  raymondii  Tamayo, 
stoehri  Theobald;  minor  Theobald;  lachrimans  Dyar  and  Knab;  revocator 
Dyar  and  Knab ;  goughi  Theobald^;  scotti  Theobald  J^ ;  Cidicelsa  fuse  us  Tay- 
lor; Cnlex  aseyehae  Dyar  and  Knab;  townsvillensis  Taylor;  hensemaeon 
Dyar ;  fatigans  var.  nigrirostris  Enderlein ;  see  Edwards,  1932,  p.  208) . 

This  species  appears  to  be  represented  on  the  peninsula  by  the  subspecies 
dipseticus  Dyar  and  Knab. 

*(9a)  Culex  (Culex)  quinquefasciatus  dipseticus  Dyar  and  Knab 

Culex  quinquefasciatus  race  dipseticus  Dyar.  and  Knab,  1909,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  11 :34^ 
(record^)  ;  Howard,  Dyar  and  Knab,  1915,  Carnegie  Inst.  Wash.,  Pub.  No.  159,  3:347 
(record^). 

Culex  fatigans,  Eipstein,  1935,  An.  Inst.  Biol.  Mexico,  6:213;  Martini,  1935,  Dept.  Salub. 
Pub.,  Bol.  Tec,  Serie  A,  No.  1,  p.  57  (in  part  ?  ;  record-). 

This  subspecies  was  not  collected  by  the  Michel bachers  and  Ross.  On  the 
basis  of  terminalia  characters  which  are  apparently  intermediate  between 
Cidex  pipiens  Linnaeus  and  Culex  quinquefasciatus  s.s.,  the  writer  follows 
Dyar  and  Knab  in  considering"  the  form  occurring*  in  Lower  California  and 
portions  of  Mexico  Culex  quinquefasciatus  dipseticus  (see  also  Howard,  Dj^ar 
and  Knab,  1915,  p.  354,  Freeborn,  1926,  p.  431  and  Ripstein,  1935,  p.  213) . 

Type  locality:  Indio,  Riverside  County,  California,  June  10,  1906,  A.  N. 
CaudelP. 

Recorded  distrihution:  Southwestern  United  States,  southwards  along  the 
west  coast  of  Mexico,  possibly  in  the  Valley  of  Mexico;  Lower  California: 
Distrito  del  Sur  (La  Paz,  A.  Duges"). 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  7,  pp.  171-288,  pis.  10-11  February  4,  1943 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA* 

No.  7 
COLEOPTERA:  TENEBRIONIDAE 

BY 

FRANK  E.  BLAISDELL,  Sr. 

Research  Associate  in  Entomology , 
California  Academy  of  Sciences 

THE  COLLECTION  of  Tenebrionidae  on  which  this  report  is  based,  was  made 
by  Dr.  and  Mrs.  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  Dr.  Edward  S.  Ross  in  1938, 
during  an  expedition  through  the  whole  length  of  the  Peninsula  of  Lower 
California,  with  deviations  to  the  eastward  and  westward.  Tliev  deserve  great 
credit  for  their  success  in  obtaining  such  a  large  amount  of  material.  Of 
Tenebrionidae  1318  specimens  were  secured,  representing  83  genera  and  115 
species.  Of  the  115  species,  25  are  here  described  as  new;  the  remaining  90 
having  been  previously  recorded. 

A  mountain  range  extends  the  whole  length  of  the  peninsula.  The  area  to 
the  westward  of  this  range  is  bounded  by  the  Pacific  Ocean,  and  the  peculiari- 
ties of  the  more  northern  San  Diego  faunal  region  are  evident  along  the  coast. 
The  rainy  seasons  are  also  similar.  The  eastern  region  beyond  the  mountains 
is  bordered  by  the  Gulf  of  California.  It  is  arid,  and  its  climatological  and 
faunal  characteristics  show  a  decided  relationship  to  the  Imperial  Valley 
(Colorado  Desert)  of  California  and  Arizona,  being  in  fact  a  continuation  in 
these  regards.  The  southernmost  part  of  the  peninsula,  the  Cape  Region,  is 
different  and  most  interesting,  its  more  isolated  fauna  presenting  a  decidedly 
tropical  aspect  and  relationship  to  that  of  Central  America. 

It  is  the  desire  of  the  author  that  this  report  may  serve  as  a  handbook  for 
students  and  collectors.  For  that  purpose  all  of  the  previously  known  species 

*  Printed  from  the  Jolin  W.  Hendrie  Publication  EndoAvment. 

[171] 


172  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

of  Tenebrionidae  have  been  included.  This  proceeding  augments  the  list  to 
230  species,  5  subspecies  and  5  varieties,  which  is  believed  to  make  it  fairlj^ 
complete. 

The  species  of  Tenebrionidae  taken  by  previous  expeditions  since  1906,  the 
year  in  which  the  earlier  collections  of  the  Academy  were  destroyed  by  fire, 
number  115.  The  total  number  of  species  belonging  to  a  genus  indicates  their 
dominance  as  follows  :  Eleodes  25  species ;  Asida  (and  subgenera)  19  species ; 
Centrioptera  13  species,  and  Stihia  9.  The  less  dominant  genera  containing 
4  to  9  species,  are  :  Metoponium,  Telahis,  Cryptadius,  Emmenides,  Hylocriinis, 
Steriphamis,  Megasattus,  Eusattus,  Triphaliis,  Argoporis,  Cerenopus,  Blap- 
stinus  and  Conibius. 

Of  the  230  species  listed  at  the  present  time,  58  are  more  or  less  common 
to  southern  California,  Lower  California,  Pacific  coastal  and  Gulf  islands ; 
22  occur  in  Mexico  along  the  Sonoran  coast,  in  the  islands  of  the  Gulf,  and 
even  on  the  mainland  of  the  peninsula ;  four  more  or  less  cosmopolitan  occur 
in  Central  America,  one  in  Cuba ;  39  also  are  found  in  Arizona,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia and  part  of  the  islands ;  five  extend  their  habitat  into  Nevada,  three  in 
Utah,  two  in  Mexico,  six  in  Texas  and  into  Kansas. 

In  the  text  under  each  species,  the  more  useful  references  are  given,  followed 
by  a  description  giving  the  most  essential  characters  for  determination,  in- 
cluding type  locality,  known  and  new  facts  regarding  distribution  of  the 
species,  followed  by  remarks  of  a  more  general  nature. 

(1)  Metoponium  abnorme  subspecies  laticolle  Casey 

Metoponium  laticolle  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  29r;  —  1910,  Can.  Eiit.,  42 : 
110;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  202^. 

An  elongate  species,  having  the  prothorax  greatly  developed,  slightly  wider 
than  the  elytra,  especially  in  the  male.  Body  parallel,  convex,  polished,  piceous- 
black,  legs  dark  rufous.  Pronotal  punctures  moderately  coarse,  becoming  dense 
and  confused  laterally.  Elytra  three  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax ;  moder- 
ately coarsely  and  confusedly  punctate,  unimpressed  striae  feebly  evident 
when  viewed  longitudinally. 

Type  locality :  near  Yuma,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Mulege,  Lower  California".  Porto  Bal- 
landra,  Carmen  Island,  Gulf  of  California". 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29 ; 
15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  Venancio,  July  17 ;  15  miles  north  of  El 
Refugio,  July  4;  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20;  25  miles  south  of 
Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27. 

A  good  series  of  forty-six  examples  was  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
The  specimens  are  quite  uniform  in  f acies,  varying  in  color  from  ferruginous 
to  deep  black.  The  species  of  the  tribe  Eurymetopini  occur  under  bark  on 
trunks  of  trees  and  shrubs,  under  stones  or  any  other  object  resting  on  the 
ground. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TEKEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  173 

(2)  Metoponium  pacificum  Blaisdell 

Metoponiuvi  pacificum  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  202^ 

Form  oblong-oval,  robust,  strongly  convex.  Color  piceous-black ;  antennae 
and  legs  dark  rufous.  Head  strongly  and  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  dis- 
crete centrally,  coarser  and  longitudinally  coalescent  laterally,  intervals 
slightly  rugose.  Pronotal  angles  obtuse ;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  converging  in 
front  of  the  middle ;  disk  evenly  convex,  coarsely  and  closely  punctate,  becom- 
ing more  or  less  coalescent  laterally,  intervals  feebly  rugose.  Elytra  strongly 
convex,  punctures  small,  showing  more  or  less  serial  arrangement  and  becom- 
ing finel}^  muricate  laterally.  Body  beneath  rather  coarsely  punctate. 

Type  locality :  La  Paz^,  Lower  California. 

Type  an  unique  female,  No.  1104,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by 
E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  June  4,  1921.  Pacificum  is  distinct  by  its  oval,  convex  form 
and  dull  luster. 

(3)  Metoponium  convexicoUe  (LeConte) 

Eurymetopon  ccnvexicolle  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  139^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  267;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci., 
5:  337. 

Metoponium  convexicoUe,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  309. 

The  species  belongs  to  the  group  having  the  metasternum  equal  in  length  to 
the  first  ventral  segment.  Form  oblong  and  subparallel.  Color  piceous-black ; 
legs  and  antennae  rufous.  Pronotum  coarsely  and  closely  punctate,  punctures 
confluent  laterally ;  sides  strongly  arcuate.  Elj^tral  series  of  punctures  mod- 
erately coarse  and  more  or  less  uneven,  confused  toward  base.  Each  puncture 
has  a  short,  erect,  yellowish  seta,  which  are  most  noticeable  toward  sides  of 
the  body. 

T^^pe  locality :  "Habitat  in  desertus  Colorado'"  (LeConte) . 

Recorded  distribution  :  southern  California,  and  northern  Lower  California. 
Dr.  Horn  states  that  it  occurs  at  Cape  San  Lucas. 

New  records :  San  Vicente,  Lower  California.  Two  small  specimens  of  this 
common  species  were  collected  by  TVm.  E.  Simonds. 

(4)  Metoponium  bicolor  (Horn) 

Eurymetopon  bicolor  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  268^;  — 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  347^;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  K  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  336=^;  — 
1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  411*. 

Form  stout,  oblong-oval,  rather  strongly  convex,  alutaceous.  Color  nigro- 
piceous ;  head,  prothorax,  sterna,  and  legs  dark  rufous,  abdomen  black  except 
at  apex.  Head  densely  and  coarsel}^  punctate.  Pronotum  transverse,  narrower 
in  front,  sides  well  rounded,  densely  and  coarsely  punctate,  confluently  so 
lateralh^;  base  bisinuate,  angles  acute.  Elytra  striate,  striae  aciculately  punc- 
tate ;  intervals  more  finely  punctured. 

Type  locality :  southern  California'.  Dr.  Horn  did  not  mention  a  definite 
locality. 


174  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California';  Arizona"' ';  Lower 
California  :  San  Pedro  Martir". 

Wrongly  identified,  and  from  Utah,  in  the  Fenyes  collection.  Specimens 
are  at  hand  from  San  Joaquin  County  (Nunenmacher),  and  Lake  Panoche 
(McClay),  California. 

(5)  Metoponium  angelicum  Blaisdell 

Metoponium  angelicum  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  203\ 

An  oblong-oval,  stout  and  moderately  shining  species,  about  two  and  one- 
third  times  as  long  as  w^de,  rather  more  than  moderately  convex.  Color  piceous 
black,  antennae  and  legs  more  or  less  dark  rufous ;  ventral  surface  ruf o- 
piceous. 

Type  locality:  Angeles  Bay\  Low^er  California  (J.  C.  Chamberlin). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  shore  of  Las  Animas  Bay,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, May  8,  1923  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee). 

New  records :  Low^er  California :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ; 
Mesquital,  June  22  and  July  28  ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21 ;  San  Fernando, 
July  31,  tw^enty-eight  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  specimens  vary  considerably  in  size.  Immature  individuals  are  more  or 
less  ferruginous.  In  form  angelicus  resembles  convexicolle  (LeConte),  but 
more  shining,  punctation  of  pronotum  fine  and  rather  sparse  in  the  central 
area,  coarse  and  oval  in  almost  sharply  limited  lateral  thirds.  In  convexicolle 
the  luster  is  dull,  the  pronotal  punctures  smaller  and  more  equal  in  size,  al- 
though a  little  smaller  and  more  rounded  in  the  central  area  becoming  grad- 
ually larger  laterally.  In  both  species  the  elytral  punctures  bear  short  yellow 
setae,  especially  laterally. 

(6)  Metoponium  transversum  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate  oblong-oval,  rather  depressed  and  moderately  convex,  two 
and  two-thirds  times  as  long  as  wdde.  Color  dark  ruf o-piceous ;  abdomen,  an- 
tennae and  legs  lighter  rufous,  surface  smooth  and  shining,  sparsely  invested 
with  very  short,  inconspicuous  yellowish  setae,  especially  on  the  elytral  sides 
and  apical  declivity;  margins  wdtli  longer,  rather  wddely  spaced  spiniform 
hairs. 

Head  relatively  small,  transverse,  widest  across  the  eyes,  two  and  one-fourth 
times  as  wide  as  long  before  the  post-ocular  line  ;  sides  moderately  convergent 
and  straight,  margin  rather  sharp  and  extremely  feebly  reflexed,  slightly 
arcuate  just  before  the  CA^es ;  epistomal  apex  truncato-sinuate,  angles  rather 
narrow^ly  rounded.  Prons  somewhat  broadly  and  feebly  impressed  behind  the 
epistomal  base,  slightly  convex  before  the  eyes  and  at  vertex ;  sides  over  the 
antennal  insertions  not  convex,  very  briefly  declivous  at  the  eyes,  the  declivity 
bounded  internally  by  the  supra-ocular  carina,  the  latter  quite  distinct ;  sur- 
face denseh^  punctate,  punctures  shallow^,  coarse,  more  or  less  feebly  and 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  175 

irregularly  confluent,  the  reticulate  intervals  not  prominent.  Antennae  slen- 
der, almost  equal  in  length  to  width  of  pronotal  apex,  and  attain  the  basal 
fifth  of  the  pronotum ;  segments  three  to  five  obconical,  thence  to  the  tenth, 
becoming  gradually  triangular  and  slightly  constricted  basally. 

Pronotum  widest  at  middle,  three-fifths  wider  than  long;  apex  broadly  but 
not  deeply  emarginate,  angles  obtuse  and  somewhat  prominent ;  sides  evenly 
and  moderately  arcuate ;  base  nearly  one-third  wider  than  apex,  broadly  lobed 
in  middle  third,  thence  feebh^  bisinuate  to  the  subrectangular  and  distinct 
angles.  Disk  densely  punctate,  punctures  coarse,  more  or  less  oval  and  shallow, 
not  distinctlv  coalescent  laterallv,  although  tending  to  form  short  series ; 
lateral  margins  thin  and  slightly  reflexed,  the  submarginal  surface  narrowly 
impressed,  widest  posteriorly  and  gradualh'  narrowed  toward  apex. 

Elytra  oblong,  twice  as  long  as  wide,  three  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum ; 
base  broadly  emarginate,  marginal  bead  rather  coarse  and  limited  by  a  row 
of  punctures ;  scutellum  small  and  arcuate  at  apex,  humeri  obtusely  rounded ; 
sides  broadly  arcuate  and  parallel,  subparabolically  rounded  in  apical  fourth; 
surface  moderately  convex,  arcuately  declivous  laterally,  precipitous  in  the 
humeral  region,  punctures  coarse,  round,  subequal  in  size,  striae  distinct, 
intervals  with  a  slightly  irregular  series,  smaller  in  the  sutural  intervals. 

Abdomen  finely  and  very  sparsely  punctate,  surface  polished.  Sterna  very 
coarsely  and  somewhat  sparsely  punctate ;  hypopleurae  punctato-rugose,  but 
not  strongly  so.  Anterior  and  middle  femora  rather  inflated,  the  posterior 
subparallel  and  slightly  arcuate,  being  adapted  to  the  sides  of  body.  Meta- 
tibiae  and  meta-f emora  quite  equal  in  length ;  meta-tarsi  three-fourths  as  long 
as  their  tibia.  First  and  fourth  tarsal  segments  equal  in  length,  second  and 
third  equal  in  length  and  together  slighth^  shorter  than  the  basal  segment. 

Measurements  :  length  14  mm.,  width  3.5  mm. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  5102,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross,  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  Lower  California,  July  5,  1938. 

Paratype,  one  female  with  same  data. 

Transversum  is  apparently  related  to  ahnorme  Esch.,  which  it  resembles  in 
form  and  punctation,  but  differs  in  the  straighter  and  more  convergent  sides 
of  the  head  and  stronger  supra-ocular  carinae ;  the  submarginal  area  of  the 
l^ronotum  is  wider,  distinctly  impressed  although  narrow,  the  margin  slightly 
reflexed. 

(7)  Metoponium  erosum  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate,  parallel,  two  and  three-fourths  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color 
castaneous  throughout,  surface  shining,  not  jDubescent. 

Head  widest  across  the  eyes,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the  post-ocular 
line ;  sides  before  the  eyes  rather  broadly  arcuate  and  convergent  to  the  oblique 
sutures ;  epistomal  apex  broadly  and  sinuously  emarginate,  but  not  in  lateral 
sixths.  Frons  feebly  convex,  broadly  and  slightly  impressed  anteriorly  behind 
the  epistoma  ;  frontal  suture  obsolete,  oblique  sutures  fine  and  evident ;  surface 


176  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

not  convex  laterally  over  the  antennal  insertions,  but  flattened,  becoming 
declivous  against  the  eyes,  densely  and  irregularly  punctate,  punctures  mod- 
erate in  size,  more  confused  and  less  distinct  on  the  epistoma,  intervals  not 
or  very  slightly  convex  and  lineiform  laterally,  the  punctures  confluent  be- 
tween. Supra-ocular  carinae  prominent  and  linear,  extending  forward  and 
bounding  the  pre-ocular  impressions  internally.  Labrum  transverse,  not  dis- 
tinctly sinuate  at  apex.  Eyes  relatively  large,  moderately  prominent,  facets 
convex  and  moderately  small.  Antennae  moderately  slender,  in  length  attain- 
ing the  pronotal  base. 

Pronotum  subquadrate,  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  apex  subtruncate 
in  moderate  circular  arc,  angles  bluntly  rounded,  not  in  the  least  prominent ; 
sides  evenly,  broadly  and  not  strongly  arcuate,  slightly  convergent  in  anterior 
one-half ;  base  feebly  arcuate  before  the  scutellum,  thence  slightly  sinuate  to 
become  straighter  to  the  distinct  and  subrectangular  angles,  slightly  wider 
than  apex,  marginal  bead  flat  and  broader  centrally  than  laterally.  Disk  some- 
what strongly  and  evenly  convex,  punctures  moderate  in  size,  discrete  in  the 
central  area,  and  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  one  to  three  times  their 
diameter,  denser,  oval  and  somewhat  confluent  in  arcuate  rows  laterally,  par- 
allel to  the  margin,  bead  slightly  reflexed,  surface  narrowly  impressed  within. 

Elytra  oblong,  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  three  times  as  long  as 
the  pronotum;  base  feebly  emarginate,  finelj"  margined,  a  little  wider  than 
pronotal  base ;  sides  feebly  arcuate,  parallel,  parabolically  rounded  in  apical 
fourth.  Disk  somewhat  flattened,  less  than  moderately  convex,  arcuately  and 
rather  narrowly  declivous  laterally,  very  gradually  and  arcuately  declivous 
apically ;  punctate  in  rather  close  series,  punctures  well  defined,  in  size  quite 
equal  to  those  of  the  pronotum,  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  twice  their 
diameter,  more  or  less  confused  basall}^,  intervals  flat  and  evidently  not  punc- 
tulate. 

Ventral  surface  coarsely  and  densely  punctate  on  the  sterna  and  para- 
pleurae,  punctures  shallow  and  more  or  less  lunate.  Al)domi7ial  segments  very 
finely  and  rather  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  a  little  larger  basally  on  first 
segment,  each  with  a  short,  pale  reclining  hair.  Femora  quite  stout,  tibiae  and 
tarsi  somewhat  slender;  anterior  tibiae  somewhat  stouter,  dilated  at  apex, 
lateral  angle  triangular  and  blunt  at  apex. 

Measurements  :  length  6.5  mm.,  width  2.0  mm. 

Holotype,  sex  not  determined.  No.  5092,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  from 
Venancio,  Lower  California,  July,  1938.  Two  specimens,  one  a  paratype  with 
same  data,  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Koss. 

(8)  Telabis  serrata  (LeConte) 

(Plate2,  fig.  19) 

Eurymetopon  serratum  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  106^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 

Tenebr. 
TelaUs  serrata,  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5  :  340 ;— 1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci., 

9:  3252. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  177 

In  form  elongate-oval,  convex,  polished,  pale  testaceous  to  darker  in  color. 
Pronotum  transverse,  sides  evenly  arcuate  and  serrulate.  Elytral  punctures 
subscabrous.  Anterior  tibiae  moderately  dilated  with  external  margin  sinuate, 
serrate  and  apical  angle  acutely  prominent. 

Type  locality :  Arizona\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  Desert  region, 
Palm  Springs ;  El  Paso,  Texas^  Lower  California :  Angeles  Bay,  May  7 ;  Las 
Animas  Bay,  May  8  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) . 

New  records:  Lower  California:  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29; 
45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  Jul}^  27.  Two  specimens  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

(9)  Telabis  latipennis  Blaisdell 

Telahis  latipennis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  207\ 

A  broadly  oblong-suboval  species,  having  the  pronotal  sides  more  strongly 
arcuate,  widest  at  middle  and  more  rapidly  converging  and  straighter  an- 
teriorly. Sides  of  the  head  before  the  eyes  less  arcuate  and  nearly  straight, 
converging  to  the  emargination  at  position  of  the  oblique  sutures,  Pronotal 
punctures  discrete  and  very  distinct  centrally;  coarser  laterally  and  not 
coalescent,  open  posteriorly  and  denser  at  the  angles  and  close  to  the  margin. 
Last  two  abdominal  segments  more  or  less  obliquelj^  upturned  in  the  female. 

Type  localit}^ :  Marquer  Bay,  Carmen  Island^,  Gulf  of  California. 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  San  Domingo,  July  10 ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake, 
June  2 ;  Venancio,  July  17 ;  Mesquital,  June  28.  Seven  specimens  taken  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(10)  Telabis  sodalis  (Horn) 

Eurymetopon  sodalis  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,,  14:  268^; — 

1894.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  347^. 
Telahis  sodalis,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  319^ 

Form  elongate-oblong  (5.7  mm.),  slightly  ovate  in  female,  wingless.  Color 
brownish ;  antennae,  palpi,  legs  and  front  margin  of  head  paler.  Head  coarsely 
and  densely  punctate,  punctures  subscabrous.  Pronotum  broader  than  long, 
sides  broadly  arcuate,  slightly  convergent  anteriorly,  angles  obtuse.  Elytra 
aciculately  punctured  in  distinct  striae.  Body  sparsely  punctured  beneath. 

Type  locality :  Owens  Valley^  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California  :  arid  regions.  Fort 
Yuma,  Inyo  County^ ;  Arizona^ ;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

(11)  Telabis  punctulata  (LeConte) 

Eurymetopon  punctulatum  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  105^;  Horn,  1870. 

Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philso.  Soc,  14:  268;  —  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2), 

4:  3472. 
Telahis  punctulata,  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  340 ;  —  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad. 

Sci.,  9:  316;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  204=^. 


178  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Form  oblong-oval,  rather  depressed,  integuments  thin,  smooth,  luster  very 
dull.  Wings  well  developed.  Pronotal  punctation  extremely  dense  and  almost 
even.  In  the  female  the  apex  of  the  fourth  ventral  abdominal  segment  is  pro- 
duced at  middle  in  a  small,  feebly  reflexed,  strongly  rounded  lobe,  extending 
slightly  over  the  fifth.  In  the  female  (Casey)  the  fourth  segment  is  short  and 
broadly  emarginate  as  in  the  other  species  (the  male  of  Horn) . 

Type  locality:  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California  (Xantus  collector). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^, 
Santa  Maria",  Loreto^  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee),  Las  Animas''  (J.  R.  Slevin),  La  Paz 
(Slevin)  ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Keno  Point,  Pelican  Island  (Slevin) . 

The  species  is  represented  by  four  specimens  in  the  collection  of  the  Museum 
of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  One  gravid  female  shows  the  modified 
apex  of  the  fourth  ventral,  verifying  Dr.  Horn's  statements  concerning  sex. 
Unfortunateh^  none  of  the  other  specimens  shows  the  primary  sexual  char- 
acters. In  the  female  the  abdominal  segments  are  more  convex,  and  extremely 
so,  when  gravid,  and  the  last  two  segments  are  nearly  vertical. 

(12)  Telabis  lunulata  Blaisdell 

Telahis  limidata  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  206^ 

Lunulata  belongs  to  the  punctulata  LeConte  group  of  species.  It  differs  in 
the  absence  of  the  porrect  lobe  of  the  fourth  abdominal  segment  in  the  female. 
Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  convex.  Color  nigro-piceous  to  rufo-piceous, 
especial!}^  beneath ;  legs  and  antennae  dark  rufous,  luster  dull,  surface  micro- 
scopically granulate.  Pronotal  disk,  while  not  obliquely  and  f  eebl}^  prominent 
toward  the  basal  angles,  is  feebly,  briefly  and  suddenly  declivous  along  the 
basal  margin,  with  slight  impressions  opposite  the  basal  sinuations. 

Type  locality :  Ceralbo  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1108,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1109,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  locality,  and  Angeles  Bay,  Lower  California. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  7  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  June  18;  20 
miles  west  and  12  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  26-27  ;  10  miles  south  of 
Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ;  Coj^ote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  26 ;  15  miles  west 
of  La  Paz,  July  5,  Venancio,  July  17 ;  San  Domingo,  July  19 ;  20  miles  north 
of  Comondu,  July  23;  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27,  Mesquital,  July 
28,  10  miles  south  of  Cataviiia,  July  29,  and  San  Fernando,  July  31.  A  series 
of  fifty-eight  specimens  taken  b}^  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(13)  Telabis  hirtipes  Blaisdell 
Telalis  hirtipes  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  205\ 

On  the  average  a  little  larger  than  lunulata  and  more  pubescent  beneath. 
Form  oblong-subovate,  widest  posteriorly,  moderately  convex.  Color  piceous, 
rufo-piceous  beneath;  antennae  and  legs  dark  rufous.  Luster  rather  dull. 
Pronotal  disk  more  densely  punctate  than  in  Imiulata,  punctures  well  sepa- 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  179 

rated  in  central  area,  becoming  larger  and  not  noticeably  coalescent  laterally. 
Elytral  punctures  finely  muricate.  Apex  of  fourth  abdominal  segment  of 
female  not  lobed  at  apex. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Inez  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Xew  records  :  Lower  California  :  Chapala  T)Ty  Lake,  June  21 ;  10  miles  south 
of  Catavifia,  July  29 ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26 ;  10  miles  south 
of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ;  San  Fernando,  July  31 ;  and  15  miles  north  of  El 
Kefugio,  Jul}'  4.  A  good  series  was  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(14)  Telaponium  castaneum  Blaisdell 

Telaponium  castaneum  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sei.,  (4),  12:  209\ 

A  small,  convex,  oval  species,  twice  as  long  as  wide,  with  a  f  acies  resembling 
a  Cryptadius,  but  much  narrower.  Color  brownish  castaneous.  Elytra  some- 
what inflated.  External  angle  of  the  anterior  tibiae  moderately  produced  at 
apex. 

Type  locality' :  San  Nicolas  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Type  of  male,  Xo.  1111,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee,  May  16,  1921.  Two  specimens,  one  a  paratype. 

(15)  Telaponium  pingue  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oval,  strongly  convex,  facies  somewhat  that  of  a  small  Cryptadius 
LeConte.  Color  nigro-piceous,  antennae  and  legs  dark  rufous.  Not  pubescent, 
scattered  hairs  are  present  on  the  ventral  surface  and  a  few  about  the  base 
of  the  epipleurae. 

Head  widest  across  the  eyes,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long  before 
the  post-ocular  line ;  sides  slightly  less  prominent  than  the  eyes,  arcuately 
converging  to  the  position  of  the  oblique  sutures,  thence  continuous  with  the 
transverse  and  feebly  arcuate  epistomal  apex.  Frons  moderately  convex, 
sutures  obsolescent ;  surface  slightly  transversely  impressed  on  position  of  the 
frontal  suture,  not  convex  laterally  over  the  antennal  insertions ;  a  distinct, 
fine  supra-ocular  carina  passes  arcuately  forward  before  the  eyes  ;  very  densely 
punctate,  punctures  quite  coarse,  shallow'  and  more  or  less  confluent,  intervals 
filiform  and  reticulate,  forming  feeble  arcuate  lines  on  vertex.  Antennae 
moderate  in  length,  extending  to  the  pronotal  base,  last  three  segments  slightly 
wider  and  feebly  compressed. 

Pronotum  transverse,  nearl}''  twice  as  wide  as  long;  apex  as  wide  as  head, 
broadly  and  feebly  sinuate,  angles  distinct,  obtuse  and  not  prominent ;  sides 
strongly  arcuate,  moderately  convergent  anteriorly;  base  about  one-fourth 
wider  than  apex,  feebly  arcuate  in  middle  third,  thence  slightly  sinuate  later- 
ally, becoming  arcuately  continuous  with  the  sides,  marginal  bead  rather  w'ide 
and  flat.  Disk  strongly  convex,  densely  and  very  closely  punctate,  punctures 
moderately  coarse  and  shallow;  lateral  margins  thin,  explanate,  bead  very 
fine  and  scarcelv  evident. 


180  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Elytra  oval,  about  a  fourth  longer  than  wide,  three  times  as  long  as  the 
pronotum ;  base  transverse  and  beaded,  quite  equal  to  pronotal  base,  humeri 
broadly  rounded ;  scutellum  small  and  arcuate  at  apex ;  sides  broadly  arcuate, 
apex  broadly  obtuse.  Disk  strongly  convex  and  evenly,  arcuately  declivous 
laterally,  more  graduall}^  so  apically,  marginal  bead  briefly  subserrate  just 
behind  the  humeral  curve;  densely  and  irregularly  punctate,  punctures 
feebly  muricate,  viewed  longitudinally  moderately  close  series  are  more  or 
less  evident. 

Ventral  surface  densely  and  coarsely  punctate  on  the  sterna  and  para- 
pleurae.  Abdomen  more  finely  and  less  densely  punctate,  each  puncture  with 
a  short,  dark,  recumbent  hair.  Anterior  legs  rather  short,  femora  stouter  and 
slightly  inflated;  external  tibial  angles  triangularly  dilated,  obtuse  and  not 
produced.  Middle  and  posterior  legs  more  moderate  in  length  and  less  stout. 

Measurements  :  (type)  length  4.5  mm.,  width  2.4  mm. 

Holotype,  an  unique,  sex  undetermined,  No.  5089,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
Ent.,  collected  fifteen  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  Lower  California,  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Pingue  differs  from  castaneum  in  being  larger  and  nigro-piceous  in  color. 
In  the  latter  species  the  pronotal  punctation  is  more  or  less  strigose  and  the 
color  brownish.  Pingue  has  the  facies  of  a  narrow  Cryptadius ;  in  the  latter 
the  elytra  are  much  wider  and  more  or  less  inflated,  and  the  external  angle  of 
the  protibial  apex  is  produced  and  less  dilated,  the  protarsi  are  longer  as  well. 
Telaponium  Blaisdell  should  precede  Cryptadius  in  our  lists. 

(16)  Cryptadius  inflatus  LeConte 

Cryptadius  inflatus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  140^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  5.,  14:  262^;  — 1874,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.,  Soc,  5:  32. 
Eurymetopon  inflatum,  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  346. 
Cryptadius  inflatus,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  327^ 

A  common  species  on  the  upper  sea  beaches  and  sand  dunes  of  southern 
California.  Form  robust,  rounded  and  convex,  varying  in  color  from  nigro- 
piceous  to  paler  from  immaturity.  Head  and  pronotum  finely  and  densely 
punctate.  Elytra  finely  muricate,  punctate  laterally  and  apically.  External 
angle  of  the  anterior  tibiae  prolonged. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego\  California,  described  from  a  single  specimen, 
subsequently  lost  at  sea  while  being  sent  abroad  for  study". 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  California  and  adjacent  parts  of  Lower 
California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  5  miles  north  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  17 ; 
San  Roque;  Gulf  of  California:  Natividad  Island;  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion 
Island.  Two  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  are  somewhat  doubt- 
fully referred  to  inflatus.  By  the  more  strongly  rounded  form  and  rounded 
basal  angles  of  the  pronotum  they  are  at  variance  with  angulatus  Blaisdell, 
agreeing  more  fully  with  inflatus  LeConte. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  181 

* 

(17)  Cryptadius  angulatus  Blaisdell 

Cryptadius  angulatus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  210\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  rather  broad,  twice  as  long  as  wide,  widest  at  middle, 
strongly  convex.  Color  dark  rufous  above,  dark  ruf o-piceous  beneath ;  anten- 
nae and  legs  somewhat  paler.  Luster  dull  and  alutaceous,  surface  being  micro- 
scopically granulate.  Pronotal  basal  angles  distinct,  obtuse,  very  narrowly 
rounded. 

Type  locality :  Puerto  Ballandra,  Carmen  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Type  of  doubtful  sex,  No.  1112,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by 
E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

Angulatus  is  narrower  than  sinuatus  Blaisdell,  the  punctation  less  distinct 
and  the  basal  pronotal  angles  obtuse. 

(18)  Cryptadius  tarsalis  Blaisdell 

Cryptadius  tarsalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  212^ 

Form  less  broadly  oval,  oblong,  strongly  convex.  Color  piceous-black  above 
and  dark  rufo-piceous  beneath.  Luster  slightly  dull  and  rather  alutaceous. 
Pronotal  basal  angles  rectangular  and  subacute. 

Type  locality :  Angeles  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Type,  a  female.  No.  1114.  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  secured  b}^  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee.  It  has  been  recorded  only  from  the  type  region. 

(19)  Cryptadius  sinuatus  Blaisdell 

Cryptadius  sinuatus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  21P. 

From  the  other  and  allied  species,  sinuatus  may  be  known  by  the  less 
broadly  oval  bod}"  and  the  subacute,  slightly  posteriorly  prominent,  basal 
pronotal  angles. 

Type  locality :  Puerto  Ballandra,  Carmen  Island^  Gulf  of  California;  col- 
lected May  21,  1921,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

Recorded  distribution :  heretofore  only  known  from  the  type  region. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29 ; 
La  Paz,  July  16, 1938.  Twenty-two  specimens  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(20)  Emmenides  punctatus  (LeConte) 

Emmenastus  punctatus  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Mis.  Coll.  167,  p.  106^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  269-;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  358. 
Emmenides  pimctatus,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  329. 

Form  oblong-oval,  parallel,  convex,  glabrous  and  shining.  Color  nigro- 
piceous ;  mouth-parts,  antennae  and  body  beneath  piceo-f  erruginous.  Pronotal 
punctures  fine,  a  little  coarser  and  more  or  less  longitudinally  coalescent  later- 
ally. Elytral  striae  indistinct,  parasutural  elevations  at  summit  of  apical 
declivity  distinct  but  not  strong.  Fifth  ventral  segment  of  female  subtruncate 
and  feebly  emarginate  at  apex. 


182  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Santa  Rosa,  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn) .  Arizona  and  Texas  (Horn) . 

New  records :  8  miles  northeast  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California,  July 
10.  Three  females  and  two  males  were  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(21)  Emmenides  catalinae  Blaisdell 

Emmenides  catalinae  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  216\ 

In  form,  sculpturing  and  color  similar  to  suhdescalceatus  Blaisdell.  Fifth 
ventral  segment  of  female  with  the  emargination  at  apex  as  wide  as  deep,  and 
rounded  at  bottom,  adjacent  margin  scarcely  beveled.  Punctures  of  upper 
surface  with  short,  inconspicuous  setae.  Parasutural  elevations  on  apical  de- 
clivity of  eh^tra  very  feeble. 

Type  locality  :  Santa  Catalina  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 

Type,  a  female,  No.  1119,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P. 
Van  Duzee,  June  12,  1921.  One  paratype.  Only  known  from  the  type  region. 

Catalinae  is  probably  best  identified  by  the  form  of  the  apical  emargination 
of  the  fifth  ventral  segment  of  the  female.  In  apicalis  Blaisdell  the  emargina- 
tion is  largest  and  triangular ;  in  suhdescalceatus  it  is  rather  widely  sinuato- 
truncate ;  in  punctatus  it  is  feebly  sinuate  at  apex. 

(22)  Emmenides  apicalis  Blaisdell 

Emmenides  apicalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  215\ 

This  species  is  similar  in  form  to  suhdescalceatus  Blaisdell,  but  less  convex. 
In  the  female  the  fifth  ventral  segment  is  strongly  and  triangularly  emar- 
ginate  at  apex,  the  emargination  equal  to  about  two-fifths  of  the  length  of  the 
segment,  edges  beveled. 

Type  locality  :  Ceralbo  Island",  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotji^e,  female.  No.  1117,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1118,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  Five  paratypes,  all  with  the  same  data. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

Seven  specimens  were  collected  June  7,  1921,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  Apicalis 
differs  from  suhdescalceatus  in  its  more  shallow  punctation  and  much  less 
convex  form.  Compare  the  secondary  sexual  characters  of  the  several  species. 

(23)  Emmenides  obsoletus  Blaisdell 

Emmenides  olsoletus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  216\ 

Form  less  robust,  more  parallel.  Elytra  less  convex  and  very  gradually 
declivous  apically ;  the  parasutural  elevations  are  quite  obsolete  in  the  speci- 
mens studied.  The  tarsi  are  distinctly  pubescent  beneath.  Ohsoletus  resembles 
some  species  of  Hylocrinus.  It  is  separated  by  the  unmodified  epistomal  apex 
from  Telahis. 

Type  locality :  Marquer  Bay,  Carmen  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  183 

Type  No.  1120,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Eiit.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee, 
May  23,  1921.  Two  paratypes,  with  the  same  data. 

Three  specimens  are  at  hand,  all  having  the  fifth  ventral  segment  rounded  at 
apex,  evidently  males. 

(24)  Emmenides  subdescalceatus  Blaisdell 

Emmenides  subdescalceatus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  213\ 

One  of  the  larger  species  similar  to  punctatiis  LeConte  in  form  and  color. 
Parasutural  elevations  at  summit  of  apical  declivity  distinct  when  viewed 
from  above  in  the  plane  of  the  surface.  Female  somewhat  broader,  the  fifth 
ventral  segment  rather  broadly  truncato-sinuate  at  apex. 

Tjq^e  locality  :  Espiritu  Santo  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  Gulf  of  California :  Ildefonso  Island,  May  17,  and 
San  Diego  Island,  May  27.  A  series  of  thirty-two  specimens  was  collected  by 
E.P.  VanDuzee. 

(25)  Hylocrinus  insularis  Blaisdell 

Hylocrinus  insularis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  218\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  parallel  and  moderately  convex.  Color  piceous-black  to 
brownish,  rufo-piceous  beneath;  surface  smooth  and  shining.  Head  very 
broadly  and  f eebh^  impressed  anteriorly  between  the  supra-antennal  convexi- 
ties, punctures  coarse  and  more  or  less  coalescent  in  arcuate  lines.  Pronotal 
sides  evenly,  broadly  and  not  strongh'  arcuate ;  disk  rather  evenly  convex, 
slightly  and  narrowly  impressed  at  the  basal  sinuations,  punctures  well  sepa- 
rated centrally,  not  very  coarse,  but  becoming  so  laterally  and  coalescent, 
intervals  more  or  less  convex  narrow  lines.  Elytral  disk  with  distinct  striae 
of  small,  unimpressed  punctures ;  intervals  flat,  with  irregular  series  of  fine 
punctures  which  become  confused  lateralh^ 

Type  locality :  Marquer  Bay,  Carmen  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotj^pe,  male.  No.  1121,  and  allotype,  female,  No.  1122,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  May  23,  1921. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  14 ; 
15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5;  San  Domingo,  July  19.  Eleven  specimens 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Insularis  is  narrower,  more  convex,  more  parallel  and  with  denser  integu- 
ments than  in  longulus  LeConte  or  Maisdelli  Casey.  The  pronotal  punctures 
are  larger  and  more  distinct. 

(26)  Hylocrinus  (Locrodes)  oblongulus  Casey 

Hylocrinus  ohlongulus  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  337\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  parallel,  moderately  convex,  and  about  twice  as  long  as 
^yide.  Color  nigro-piceous,  antennae  and  legs  rufous.  Head  not  coarsely,  but 
closely  punctate ;  frontal  margin  not  bi-emarginate,  oblique  sutures  subobso- 
lete.  Pronotum  Avider  than  long,  apex  deeply  sinuate,  narrower  than  base ; 


184  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

sides  evenly  arcuate,  punctures  rather  small  to  somewhat  coarse,  denser  later- 
ally and  more  or  less  longitudinally  confluent.  Elytral  punctures  in  series 
feebly  impressed,  intervals  with  an  uneven  series.  Abdomen  finely  and  rather 
closely  punctate. 

Type  locality :  near  San  Diego\  southern  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Santa  Rosalia,  20  miles  west,  June  26 ; 
Chapala  Dry  Lake ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29 ;  Mesquital,  June 
22 ;  San  Fernando,  June  31 ;  Triunf  o,  July  13 ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio, 
July  26  ;  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio ;  10  miles 
south  of  Catavina,  July  29;  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29.  A  series 
of  sixty  specimens  was  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  specimens  show  considerable  variation,  and  more  than  one  species  may 
be  involved.  In  the  present  state  of  our  knowledge  it  is  very  difficult  to  decide. 

(27)  Hylocrinus  longulus  (LeConte) 

Eurymetopon  longulum  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  139\ 
Emmenastus  longulus,  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  269^; — 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  347^;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  351. 
Hylocrinus  longulus,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  333\ 

Form  elongate,  narrow,  moderately  convex,  wings  well  developed.  Color 
rufo-piceous  to  nigro-piceous,  appendages  and  body  beneath  ruf o-piceous ; 
surface  smooth  and  shining.  Head  densely  punctate,  frontal  margin  without 
feeble  emarginations  at  the  oblique  sutures.  Pronotum  sparsely  punctate  cen- 
trally, very  abruptly  coarser  and  dense  laterally,  forming  parallel  rugulae. 
Elytra  slightly  wider  than  pronotum,  series  of  very  close-set  punctures  evi- 
dent, those  of  the  intervals  in  uneven  series  and  somewhat  minute  and  feeble. 
Abdomen  feebly  rugulose,  finely  and  sparsely  punctate. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California^ ;  Arizona" ;  Lower 
California  :  San  Pedro  Marti/. 

(28)  Hylocrinus  (Paravius)  marginatus  Casey 

Hylocrinus  marginatus  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  35P;  — 1907,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  9:  338-339. 

An  oblong,  parallel,  rather  feebly  convex,  polished,  castaneous  species,  with 
the  under  surface  of  body  and  legs  rufous.  The  mentum  is  shorter,  transverse, 
apex  arcuate  without  having  the  small  emargination  so  constant  in  rest  of  the 
tribe.  Frontal  margin  arcuate,  not  bi-emarginate,  somewhat  narrowly  sinuate 
at  middle.  Pronotal  disk  with  the  punctures  discrete  centrally,  becoming  dense 
laterally,  forming  interlacing  longitudinal  rugae. 

Type  locality :  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  San  Fernando,  Lower  California,  July  31.  Two  specimens 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  are  tentatively  referred  to  Paravius. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  185 

« 

(29)  Emmenastrichus  cribratus  Horn 

E mmenastrichus  cribratus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  413^;  Casey,  1907, 
Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  341. 

This  species  is  sparsely  invested  witli  moderately  long,  yellow  hairs,  that 
are  more  or  less  erect  or  curly  on  the  elytra.  The  pronotum  is  strongly  punc- 
tate, punctures  large,  round,  closely  crowded  and  quite  cribrate  at  the  sides. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  Todos  Santos,  July  15  ;  Triunf o,  July  13  ; 
6  miles  north  of  Triunf o,  July  15.  Nineteen  specimens  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross.  An  interesting  species,  at  first  supposed  to  be  an  Amphidora. 
The  2Drimary  sexual  characters  are  those  of  the  Tentyriinae. 

(30)  Emmenastrichus  erosus  Horn 

Emmenastrichus  erosus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  414^ 

A  pubescent  species  resembling  the  congeneric  cribratus  Horn  from  the 
same  locality.  Color  piceous,  hairs  short.  Pronotum  with  elongate  and  smaller 
punctures,  that  become  denser  and  deeper  laterally. 

Type  locality  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  No.  108,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  sex  not  given,  collected  b}' 
Dr.  Gustav  Eisen. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  locality  and  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California.  In 
both  species  of  Emmenastrichus  the  epipleurae  are  punctate. 

(31)  Steriphanus  estebani  Blaisdell 

Steriphanus  estehani  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  225^ 

Form  oblong  subfusiform  oval,  moderately  convex,  about  twice  as  long  as 
wide.  Color  piceous,  ventral  surface  dark  ruf o-piceous,  legs  dark  rufous ;  luster 
feebly  shining  and  alutaceous.  Punctation  of  the  pronotal  disk  is  fine  and  dis- 
crete in  central  area  from  base  to  apex,  laterally  slightly  larger  and  within 
the  margins  longitudinally  strigose,  and  the  punctures  scarcely  evident. 
Elytra  with  distinct  striae  of  small  punctures,  intervals  with  an  irregular 
series  of  punctules  which  become  more  or  less  confused  laterally  and  apically. 
The  species  is  less  convex  than  clurus  Blaisdell. 

Type  locality  :  San  Esteban  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  a  male,  No.  1128,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P. 
Van  Duzee. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

(32)  Steriphanus  mucronatus  Blaisdell 

steriphanus  mucronatus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  223\ 

Form  elongate-oval,  moderately  convex,  slightl}^  more  than  twice  as  long- 
as  wide.  Color  dull  black,  dark  piceous  beneath,  legs  slighth^  rufous.  Mentum 


186  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

rather  densely  punctate,  punctures  transversely  coalescent  at  apical  third, 
intervals  transversel}^  rugose ;  at  the  sides  anteriorly  there  is  a  row  of  about 
three  to  five  rather  long  setae.  Pronotal  disk  strongly  convex,  punctures  rather 
dense,  smaller  and  discrete  centrally,  becoming  a  little  larger  and  rather  elon- 
gate laterally  and  coalescent,  intervals  with  sparse  and  minute  punctules. 
Elytral  disk  with  distinct  unimpressed  striae  of  rather  strong,  closely  placed 
punctures,  intervals  with  punctules. 

Type  locality :  Freshwater  Bay,  Tiburon  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1126,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  col- 
lected April  23, 1921,  by  Jos.  K.  Slevin. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

(33)  Steriphanus  tardus  Blaisdell 

Steriphanus  tardus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  222\ 

Distinct  in  its  fusiform  outline  and  distinct  punctation,  the  latter  very 
coarse  on  the  ventral  surface.  Pronotal  sides  strongly  convergent  from  base 
to  apex;  disk  sparsely,  not  coarsely  punctate  in  the  central  area,  gradually 
coarser  laterally  and  coalescent  with  intervals  rather  longitudinally  rugose. 
Elytra  with  distinct  rows  of  closely  placed  punctures,  the  latter  not  large, 
intervals  with  irregular  series  of  punctules.  Evidently  related  to  conicicollis 
Casey ;  the  latter  does  not  have  a  fusiform  outline. 

Type  locality  :  San  Esteben  Islancr,  Gulf  of  California. 

Type  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1125,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
April  19,  1921,  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

(34)  Steriphanus  durus  Blaisdell 

Steriphanus  durus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sei.,  (4),  12:  224^. 

This  species  at  first  sight  resembles  hihricus  Casey,  but  differs  in  the  dis- 
tinctly striate  elytra.  Color  nigro-piceous,  surface  smooth  and  shining,  setae 
not  evident.  Head  densely  and  coarsely  punctate.  Pronotal  disk  evenly  punc- 
tate centrally ;  punctures  small  and  discrete,  becoming  gradually  larger  to- 
ward the  sides  and  somewhat  coalescent,  lateral  margins  of  each  forming 
an  arcuate  plicatule,  not  forming  elongate  rugulae.  Hypopieural  lounctures 
larger,  shallow  and  elongate,  open  anteriorlj^  forming  arcuate  plicatules. 
Elytral  striae  fine  and  distinct.  Legs  moderately  stout. 

Type  locality :  Angeles  Bay"^,  Lower  California. 

Type  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1127,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
May  7,  1921,  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records:  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Low^er  California,  June  21, 
1928.  One  specimen  was  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBSIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  187 

ft 

(35)  Steriphanus  subopacus  (Horn) 

Emmenastus  subopacus  Horn,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  269\ 
Emmenasustus  subopacus,  Casey,  1890.  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  356. 

Steriphanus  subopacus,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  12:  348^;  Blaisdell,  1923, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  220=^. 

Form  elongate-oval,  wingless,  moderately  convex,  dull  in  luster.  Head 
coarsely  and  densely  punctate.  Pronotum  coarsely  and  moderatel}^  densely 
punctate,  most  so  laterally;  sides  arcuate  from  base  to  apex,  converging  an- 
teriorly, apex  emarginate,  base  truncate.  Elytral  striae  distincth^  punctate, 
intervals  flat  and  smooth. 

Type  locality  :  Fort  Grant\  Arizona". 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Gulf  of  California  :  Isla  Partida^,  Patos 
Island^,  Sal  si  Puedes  Island^,  San  Pedro  Nolasco,  and  San  Lorenzo  Islands^ 
A  large  series  taken  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  1921. 

Specimens  show  variation  in  punctation,  not  only  from  different  islands, 
but  from  the  same  region. 

(36)  Steriphanus  subopacus  alutaceus  Casey 

steriphanus  alutaceus  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  12:  348^;  — 1910,  Can.  Ent., 
p.  422;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  220^ 

Col.  Casey  considered  alutaceus  as  a  racial  variation  of  subopacus  Horn^ 
Form  elongate-oval,  stouter.  Color  deep  black,  ventral  surface  and  legs  dark 
rufous ;  luster  strongly  alutaceus  and  opaque.  Head  with  close,  deep,  and  not 
very  coarse  punctures.  Pronotal  disk  sparsely  and  extremely  minutely  punc- 
tate, somewhat  coarser  laterally.  Elytral  punctures  very  fine,  widely  spaced 
in  unimpressed  series,  intervals  sparsely,  excessively  minutely  and  irregularly 
punctulate. 

Type  locality :  Tucson^'  ^,  Arizona. 

New  records  :  Gulf  of  California  :  Puerto  Refugio,  and  Angel  de  la  Guardia 
Island^.  Mexico  :  Guavmas^  Sonora. 

(37)  Steriphanus  torpidus  Blaisdell 

steriphanus  torpidus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  22r. 

Form  oblong-oval,  almost  equally  rounded  at  each  extremity,  a  little  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  wide  (7  mm.).  Color  piceous  black;  mouth-parts  and 
antennae  rufous,  legs  darker.  Pronotal  disk  closely  punctate,  punctures  dis- 
crete at  middle,  larger,  stronger  and  confluent  laterally.  Elytral  disk  with 
distinct  rows  of  rather  large,  closely  placed  punctures,  intervals  with  very 
sparse  punctules.  The  species  should  be  recognized  by  the  dull  luster,  convex 
form,  distinct  elytral  striae  of  strong  punctures,  color  of  mouth-parts  and  the 
closely,  deeply  punctate  sides  of  the  pronotum,  punctures  open  anteriorly  and 
the  margin  of  each  lunate  and  prominent. 


188  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality  :  Sail  Estebaii  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 
Type  of  undetermined  sex,  No.  1124,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
April  26, 1921,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

(38)  Stictodera  pinguis  (LeConte) 

Emmenastus  pinguis  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.  167,  p.  107^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  269;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  357. 
Stictodera  pinguis,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  353. 

A  small  Coniontis-\\\s.Q  species  of  oval  form,  convex  and  apterous.  Color 
piceous,  somewhat  shining.  Pronotum  densely  punctate,  punctures  not  con- 
fluent laterally.  Elytral  punctures  confused,  striae  obsolete. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California.  J.  Xantus,  collector. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas, 
Santa  Rosa,  and  San  Felipe,  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn)  ;  Arizona  (Horn). 

Pinguis  in  form  resembles  a  Cryptadiiis.  In  the  latter  the  outer  angle  of  the 
anterior  tibiae  is  much  prolonged — not  so  in  Stictodera  Casey. 

(39)  Melanastus  obesus  (LeConte) 

Eurymetopon  ohesum  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.  5  :  139\ 
Emmenastus  ohesus,  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   270; — 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  347^;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  359\ 
Melanastus  ohesus,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  363\ 

Form  oblong-oval  (4.5  mm.),  moderately  robust,  very  convex  and  wingless. 
Color  rather  dull  nigro-piceous,  antennae  and  legs  ferruginous.  Head  moder- 
ately coarsely  and  closely  punctate;  frontal  margin  truncate,  angles  rounded. 
Pronotal  sides  arcuate,  moderately  convergent  before  the  middle ;  cliscal  punc- 
tures deep  and  rather  coarse,  more  or  less  separated  centrally,  larger  and 
longitudinally  confluent  laterally.  Elytra  with  impressed  and  almost  regular 
series  of  moderately  coarse  punctures,  those  of  the  intervals  very  minute  and 
confused.  Abdomen  smooth,  polished,  finely,  sparsely,  and  strongly  punctate 
medially. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California^ ;  Lower  California  : 
San  Pedro  Martir',  and  Cabo  San  Lucasl 

A  small,  convex  species.  Dr.  Horn  recorded  it  as  occurring  in  New  Mexico 
and  Nebraska.  This  is  very  doubtful  from  recent  studies. 

(40)  Coniontis  parviceps  Casey 

Coniontis  parviceps  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:   387^; — 1908,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  114. 

A  small  species  belonging  to  the  suhpn'bescens  group.  It  may  be  briefly  de- 
fined as  follows :  Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  convex,  dull  and  alutaceous 
in  luster,  grayish-black  in  color ;  legs,  antennae,  mouth-parts  and  epistoma 
ruf esceiit ;  pubescence  coarse,  moderately  long,  fulvous  and  rather  sparse. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  189 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records  :  Ensenada,  Lower  California  (Mont  A.  Cazier) . 

One  specimen  agreeing  perfectly  with  those  taken  in  the  vicinity  of  San 
Diego.  A  small  series  at  hand  in  the  Museum  of  the  California  Academy  of 
Sciences. 

(41)  Coniontides  keif eri  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oblong-oval,  parallel,  moderately  strongly  convex,  about  twice  as  long 
as  wide.  Color  black,  antenna  rufo-piceous,  palpi  rufous,  legs  piceous.  Luster 
shining,  surface  alutaceous.  Pubescence  short,  inconspicuous ;  each  puncture 
with  a  small,  setiform,  recumbent,  pale  flavo-cinereous  hair. 

Head  widest  across  the  eyes,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the  post-ocular 
line;  sides  evenly  and  arcuately  converging  anteriorly;  epistoma  broadly 
sinuate,  sinus  arcuate  and  moderately  deep,  angles  well  rounded.  Frons  less 
than  moderately  convex,  oblique  and  frontal  sutures  not  impressed,  visible  as 
blackish  lines ;  densely  and  irregularly  punctate,  punctures  somewhat  coarse, 
denser  and  very  slightly  larger  on  epistoma,  intervals  widest  in  the  anterior 
central  area,  toward  vertex  extremely  minute  punctules  are  evident.  Tempora 
not  in  the  least  prominent,  converging  posteriorly.  Eyes  moderately  large, 
deeply  emarginate  anteriorly ;  upper  lobe  slightly  larger  and  rounded,  the 
inferior  narrower  and  straighter ;  facets  numerous,  small  and  convex.  Labrum 
when  fully  extended  about  a  third  wider  than  long,  moderately  deeply  sinuate 
at  apex,  lateral  lobes  quite  evenly  arcuate.  Antennae  slender,  in  length  equal 
to  one-half  the  width  of  the  base,  attaining  the  basal  third  of  the  pronotum 
when  the  head  is  retracted;  second  segment  obeonical,  rather  stout,  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  wide ;  third  to  the  seventh  segment  inclusive  cylindrico-obconi- 
cal ;  third  elongate  and  about  four  times  as  long  as  wide,  fourth  and  fifth  equal 
in  length,  sixth  and  seventh  shorter ;  eighth,  ninth  and  tenth  moderately  com- 
pressed, gradually  very  slightly  wider  and  subtriangular,  tenth  as  wide  as 
long,  eleventh  triangulo-oval. 

Pronotum  widest  at  base,  about  two-thirds  wdcler  than  long;  apex  rather 
deeply  emarginate,  angles  obtusely  rounded,  margin  beaded;  sides  arcuate, 
most  so  anteriorly  and  convergent ;  base  broadly  and  very  feebly  sinuate  in 
lateral  thirds,  angles  larger  and  posteriorly  prominent,  marginal  bead  moder- 
ately broad.  Disk  strongly  convex,  evenly  and  arcuately  declivous  antero- 
laterally ;  irregularly  punctate,  punctures  moderately  small,  very  irregular 
in  the  central  area  and  more  widely  spaced,  denser  laterally,  marginal  bead 
rather  fine. 

Elytra  oblong-oval,  twice  as  long  as  wide,  convex,  sides  and  apex  more 
strongly  and  evenly  declivous  to  the  marginal  bead;  surface  more  sparsely 
punctate,  punctures  rather  small,  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  three  to  six 
times  their  diameter.  Scutellum  triangular  and  moderate  in  size. 

Prothoracic  sides  nearly  smooth  and  impunctate,  with  few,  longitudinal 
linear  impressions  about  the  coxal  convexities;  prosternal  process  not  dis- 
tinctly margined  at  apex,  surface  punctate. 


190  .  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Abdomen  sparsely  and  very  finely  punctate,  punctures  denser  on  the  fourth 
and  fifth  segments.  Legs  moderate  in  stoutness  and  length. 

Male :  narrower,  sometimes  slightly  cuneate ;  pronotum  relatively  wider. 

Female  :  broader  and  more  parallel.  Abdomen  somewhat  more  convex. 

Measurements  :  (types)  length  11  to  12  mm.,  width  5  to  6  mm. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  5100,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  5101,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  from  San  Martin  Island,  of  the  Pacific  coastal  group,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, collected  by  H.  H.  Keifer,  June  8,  1925.  Three  paratypes  with  same 
data,  one  taken  by  Dr.  G.  D.  Hanna. 

Keiferi  has  the  characters  of  the  Coniontides.  It  is  distinct  by  the  more 
parallel  form,  polished  and  shining  surface.  There  is  no  resemblance  to  the 
species  of  the  San  Diego  or  mainland  fauna  of  the  peninsula. 

(42)  Megasattus  erosus  (Horn) 

Eusattus  erosus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  294\ 
Megasattus  erosus,  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  63. 

The  largest  species  and  readily  recognized  by  the  peculiar  sculpturing  of 
the  elytra,  the  intervals  between  the  punctures  and  series  being  irregular  and 
strongly  convex,  the  elytra  appearing  coarsely  eroded ;  the  elevated  intervals 
are  rounded  and  smooth. 

Type  locality :  peninsula  of  Lower  Calif  ornia\  collected  by  Wm.  M.  Gabb. 

Recorded  or  known  distribution  :  Ceralbo  Island,  June  7,  Gulf  of  California 
(E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  Bernstein  Springs,  Cedros  Island,  August  4 ;  Pacific  Coast 
(Hanna  and  Slevin)  ;  Lower  California:  Patrocinio,  and  Lower  Purisima, 
1894  (Horn). 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Mesquital,  June  22 ;  San  Fernando,  July 
31;  San  Domingo,  July  19;  San  Quintin,  May  8  (Wm.  E.  Simonds).  Four 
specimens  were  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  10  miles  south  of  San 
Domingo  Landing. 

(43)  Megasattus  erosus  manuelis  Blaisdell 

Megasattus  erosus  manuelis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  266\ 

Apparently  a  subspecific  form  of  erosus  Horn.  It  is  shorter  in  form,  surface 
more  polished  and  shining  and  the  sculpturing  less  strongly  developed ;  the 
prosternal  process  is  impunctate  behind  the  coxae  in  all  specimens  examined. 
The  propleurae  are  more  or  less  punctate  and  cilia  are  evident,  the  latter  are 
more  or  less  denuded  and  those  present  are  not  conspicuous.  In  part  of  the 
specimens  the  pronotum  appears  relatively  shorter  and  more  convex  antero- 
posteriorly. 

Type  locality :  Espiritu  Santo  Island',  Gulf  of  California  (J.  R.  Slevin). 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Comondu,  July  22;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23.  Five  dead  and  imperfect  specimens  were  picked  up  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  191 

(44)  Megasattus  araneosus  Blaisdell 

MegasatUis  araneosus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  266\ 

Form  oval,  somewhat  oblong.  Color  black,  luster  more  or  less  dull.  Head  and 
pronotum  finely  and  sparsely  punctate.  Pronotal  sides  narrowly  explanate 
and  distinctly  ciliate,  marginal  bead  not  strong.  Elytral  margins  obtusely 
rounded  and  deflexed;  disk  not  costate,  sculpturing  rather  obsolete,  punctate, 
punctures  impressed,  becoming  irregular  erosions  that  are  not  deep  between 
the  rather  smooth  intervals,  which  become  reticulate  and  more  strongly  sculp- 
tured along  the  margins  and  apically ;  the  deflexed  sides  are  rather  strongly 
punctate.  Prosternal  process  not  margined  at  tip,  but  more  or  less  distinctly 
punctate.  Bpipleurae  gradually  widening  toward  base. 

Type  locality :  South  Santa  Inez  Island^  Gulf  of  California  (Jos.  C.  Cham- 
berlin). 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1179,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1180,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  Parat^^pes  with  same  data. 

Araneosus  is  evidently  related  to  erosus  Horn.  All  of  the  specimens  were 
dead  and  imperfect  when  found. 


(45)  Megasattus  costatus  (Horn) 

Eusattus  costatus  Horn,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  pi.  15,  fig.  22,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  293^; 

—  1882.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  10:  305;  —1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  348 

and  4232. 
Megasattus  costatus,  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  "Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  64. 

Form  oval,  rounded,  convex.  Color  black,  subopaque.  Elytra  with  a  distinct 
lateral  margin;  epipleurae  narrow  and  suddenly  wider  at  base;  disk  sub- 
costate.  Prosternal  process  distinctly  margined  at  tip. 

Type  locality:  peninsula  of  Lower  California^  (Wm.  M.  Gabb,  collector). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  near  Cape  San  Lucas, 
San  Jose  del  Cabo,  San  Bartolome  Bay  (Hanna).  Pacific  coastal  islands: 
Cedros  (F.  X.  Williams),  Margarita  (Fuchs-Fenyes  Collection).  Las  Tres 
Marias,  Magdalena  Island. 


(46)  Megasattus  sternalis  Blaisdell 

Megasattus  sternalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  268^ 

Form  oblong-oval  to  suboblong-oval,  moderately  strongly  convex.  Color 
deep  black,  surface  more  or  less  polished  and  shining.  Pronotal  sides  ciliate, 
disk  moderately  convex,  finely  and  strongly  punctate.  Elytral  sculpturing 
strongly  and  irregularly  reticulate  with  numerous  pit-like  depressions ;  sides 
obtusely  rounded,  no  evidence  of  costae.  Prosternal  process  distinctly  punc- 
tate behind  the  coxae. 

Type  locality :  Angeles  Bay\  Lower  California. 


192  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1183,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  1184,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  Three  specimens  collected  May  7,  1921,  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin,  one 
a  paratype. 

(47)  Megasattus  laeviventris  Blaisdell 

Megasattus  laeviventris  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  267^. 

Form  large,  oblong  to  oval  and  quite  strongly  convex.  Color  deep  black, 
surface  polished  and  shining.  Pronotal  sides  not  ciliate,  marginal  bead  not 
strong;  disk  strongly  convex,  impunctate,  except  laterally  along  the  rather 
narrow  explanate  sides,  where  the  punctures  are  small  and  granulate.  Elytra 
moderately  strongly  convex,  lateral  margins  acutelj^  rounded  and  very  dis- 
tinct ;  surface  pitted  with  numerous  more  or  less  deep  depressions,  which  are 
larger  and  more  or  less  coalescent  at  middle  of  the  sides ;  intervals  forming 
more  or  less  wide,  smooth,  elevated  reticulations,  sutural  intervals  smooth, 
entire  and  impunctate ;  deflexed  sides  obsoletely  sculptured  or  smooth. 

Type  localities :  Santa  Cruz  Island^,  Gulf  of  California ;  Escondido  Bay\ 
Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1181,  Santa  Cruz  Island,  and  allot^qDC,  male,  1182, 
Escondido  Bay.  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  No  paratypes. 

(48)  Eusattodes  laevis  (LeConte) 

Eusattus  laevis  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  113^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  294;— 1882,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  10:  305 ;  — 1894, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  349=^  and  423. 

Eusattodes  laevis,  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10:  64. 

Form  oval,  convex,  black,  subopaque  and  impunctate.  Elytra  not  margined, 
epipleurae  smooth  and  suddenly  broader  at  base.  Prosternal  ]3rocess  not  mar- 
gined at  tip,  the  latter  rounded  and  smooth. 

Type  locality:  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California  (J.  Xantus,  collector). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California'?  (Horn),  San  Jose 
del  Cabo',  Lower  California. 

(49)  Eusattus  dubius  LeConte 

Eusattus  diibius  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  132^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  249;  — 1882,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  10:  305; 
—  1894,  Proc  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  423;  Casey,  1908,  Proc  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10:  QQ. 

A  common  species,  color  black  to  paler  from  immaturity,  luster  somewhat 
dull,  apex  of  epistoma  distinctly  emarginate;  lateral  margins  of  prothorax 
ciliate.  Prosternal  process  not  margined,  smooth  and  impunctate.  The  species 
can  be  confused  with  secutus  Horn. 

Type  locality  :  "Flumina  Colorado  et  Gila'"  (LeConte). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California  :  La  Puerta  and 
Victorville,  San  Bernardino  County  (Koebele),  Lone  Pine  and  Little  Lake, 
Inyo  County  (E.  C.  Van  Dyke  and  J.  O.  Martin)  ;  southwestern  Arizona  at 
Tucson  (J.  R.  Slevin)  ;  Esmeralda  County,  Nevada  (F.  W.  Nunenmacher). 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  193 

New  records :  20  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21, 
three  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Forty-five  specimens 
have  been  examined  from  the  different  regions  mentioned  above. 

(50)  Eusattus  secutus  Horn 

Eusattus  secutus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  421^;  Casey,  1908,  Proc. 
Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  65. 

The  species  is  of  moderate  size,  strongly  convex,  polished  and  shining,  color 
deep  black.  Epistomal  apex  nearly  entire.  Sides  of  the  prothorax  not  ciliate ; 
prosternal  process  margined  and  densely,  coarsely  punctate.  It  can  be  mis- 
taken for  duhius,  but  is  easily  separated  by  the  characters  just  given. 

Type  locality  :  El  Taste\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
and  El  Taste  (Horn),  San  Pedro,  Dist.  Sur,  July  5,  1919  (G.  F.  Ferris). 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  Jul}'  20,  Todos 
Santos,  July  15,  and  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6.  Six  specimens  ob- 
tained bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(51)  Eusattus  difRcilis  LeConte 

Eusattus  difficilis  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Xat.  Hist.  X.  Y.,  5:  132\;  Lacoedaire,  1859, 
Gen.  Atl.  t.  52,  f.  4;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  294; 
—  1882,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  10:  305;  —1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  423; 
Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  70. 

A  moderately  small,  oval  and  very  convex  species,  varying  in  size.  Pronotum 
distinctly  punctate.  Prosternal  process  narrower  and  not  margined  in  the 
male ;  or  broader  and  more  or  less  margined  in  the  female.  Elytra  not  mar- 
gined ;  epipleurae  punctate  and  hairy,  gradually  narrowed  from  base  to  apex. 
Bodv  usuallv  dull  in  luster. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego  and  Vallecitas\  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California  northward  to  Owens 
Vallev,  eastward  to  the  Colorado  River.  Pacific  coastal  island :  San  Martin 
(F.X.Williams). 

New  records :  Lower  California :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21, 
San  Quintin,  May  9  (Wm.  E.  Simonds) .  One  specimen  taken  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

It  is  probable  that  more  than  one  species  are  involved  in  the  specimens  at 
hand.  The  distinctive  characters  given  above  will  define  the  typical  form  in- 
habiting the  San  Diego  region  of  southern  California. 

(52)  Eusattus  productus  LeConte 

Eusattus  productus  LeConte,  1858,  Jour.  Acad.  Phila.,  (2),  4:  20^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  295;  — 1883,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  10:  305;  — 1894, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  349-  and  423;  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10:  67. 


194  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Form  oblong",  males  subcuneiform,  moderately  convex,  black  and  glabrous. 
Propleurae  ciliate  with  fulvous  hairs,  femora  f ulvo-pubescent ;  prosternal 
process  not  margined  at  tip.  Elytra  not  margined,  punctures  very  irregular 
and  somewhat  granulate;  epipleurae  gradually  narrowed  from  base  to  apex, 
punctate  and  hairy. 

Type  locality :  Arizona\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Cabo  San  Lucas",  Lower  California. 

(53)  Eusattus  sculptus  Champion 

Eusattus  sculptus  Champion,  1892,  Biol.  Ceiitr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4,  Pt.  1:   510^;  Horn, 
1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  349-  and  423. 

Form  broadly  oval,  convex,  black  and  nearly  glabrous.  Head  and  prothorax 
smooth,  very  finely  punctate ;  pronotum  deeply  grooved  at  sides  posteriorly. 
Elytra  not  margined  at  sides,  each  with  six  rather  broad,  faint  costae ;  inter- 
vals rather  coarsely  and  confluently  punctate  with  some  reticulation;  epi- 
pleurae and  sides  of  prothorax  slig-htly  hairy,  the  former  gradually  narrowing 
from  base  to  apex.  Prosternal  process  horizontal,  produced  and  not  margined. 

Type  locality :  northern  Sonora^,  Mexico. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Pedro  Martir, 
Cabo  San  Lucas". 

(54)  Sphaeriontis  ciliata  (Horn) 

Eusattus  ciliata  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  422^ 
Sphaeriontis  ciliata,  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  77. 

In  this  species  the  elytra  are  not  margined  at  the  sides  and  without  hairs 
or  scales,  the  surface  more  or  less  shining.  Lateral  pronotal  margins  explanate 
and  ciliate.  Epistoma  incised  on  each  side. 

Type  locality :  Tantilles  Mountains,  Big  Canyon^  Lower  California.  Holo- 
type.  No.  115,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Dr.  Horn  states  that  this  species  "approaches  muricata  LeConte  in  form, 
with  a  suggestion  of  Coelus  from  the  ciliate  thorax."  A  series  of  eight  speci- 
mens were  collected  at  San  Quintin,  June  7,  1925,  by  H.  H.  Keifer. 

The  individuals  of  the  many  species  of  the  Coniontini  occur  under  objects 
that  lie  on  the  ground,  such  as  stones,  logs,  and  bark;  or  running  over  the 
ground  in  temperate  weather. 

(55)  Coelus  globosus  LeConte 

Coelus  glolosus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  133^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  292;  Casey,  1895,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  611; 
Blaisdell,  1919,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  45:  318. 

Form  broadly  oval  and  the  elytra  more  strongly  convex  posteriorly,  size 
medium  but  variable.  Epistoma  rises  more  or  less  gradually  from  the  frontal 
suture ;  apex  very  deeply  sinuate.  Pronotal  surface  deeply  and  closely  punc- 
tate throughout.  A  mainland  species. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  195 

Recorded  distribution :  sea  beaches  of  southern  California ;  Lower  Cali- 
fornia: Ensenada  (Van  Dyke),  August  4,  1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross). 

This  species  varies  in  color  from  testaceous,  ferruginous  to  dark  piceous 
according  to  degree  of  maturity.  It  and  related  species  inhabit  the  sand  dunes 
along  the  seashore,  burrowing  in  the  sand  about  roots  of  plants  or  under  pros- 
trate ones. 

(56)  Coelomorpha  pallens  Casey 

Coelomorpha  pallens  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  160\ 

A  larger  and  more  broadly  subelliptical  species  than  maritima  Casey.  Color 
flavo-testaceous  to  ruf  o-piceous.  Sculpturing  similar  but  rather  more  muricate. 
Elytra  more  convex. 

Type  locality  :  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  San  Geronimo  Island,  one  of  the  Pacific 
coastal  group.  Two  specimens  collected  July  15,  1905,  by  F.  X.  Williams. 

(57)  Coelomorpha  maritima  Casey 

Coelomorpha  maritima  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  183^;  — 1908,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  159. 

A  small,  oblong-oval  Coelus-like  species.  Color  testaceous,  or  dark  rufo- 
testaceous  to  black.  Antennae  with  ten  segments,  eyes  not  emarginate.  Pro- 
notum  nearl}^  impunctate  centrally,  punctures  with  erect  setae  lateralh" ; 
basal  angles  rounded.  Scutellum  minute.  Elytral  surface  feebly  sculptured, 
faintly  muricate  and  more  granulif orm  on  the  declivities. 

Type  locality  :  Lower  California'. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  San  Quintin.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  ob- 
tained nine  specimens  10  miles  north  of  Miller's  Landing,  June  22, 1938.  There 
are  two  specimens  identified  by  Col.  Casey  (Fuchs),  in  the  collection  of  the 
Museum  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  Habits  similar  to  those  of 
Coelus. 

(58)  Trimytis  obtusa  Horn 

Trimytis  ohtusa  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  4:12^;  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  9:  370. 

Form  oblong,  color  nigro-piceous.  Surface  moderately  shining,  less  so  on 
head  and  pronotum.  Frons  not  truly  strigose,  but  with  coarse  punctures 
longitudinally  confluent;  epistomal  lobe  obtusely  triangular.  Pronotal  apex 
and  base  subequal,  apical  angles  not  produced  and  the  basal  obtuse ;  puncta- 
tion  of  disk  moderately  coarse,  close  and  discrete  in  the  central  area,  becom- 
ing confluent  in  lines  between  the  convex  intervals  which  are  longitudinal 
laterally. 

Type  locality :  Sierra  Laguna\  Lower  California.  Holotype,  No.  105,  Mus. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California  (Fuchs). 


196  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(59)  Trimytis  (Pimalius)  ceralboensis  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oval,  two  and  one-fifth  times  as  long  as  wide,  resembling  ohtusa  Horn. 
Color  brown,  antennae,  palpi  and  legs  somewhat  ruf o-fuscous. 

Head  widest  across  the  eyes,  where  it  is  twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the 
post-ocular  line ;  sides  parallel  just  before  the  eyes,  thence  arcuately  converg- 
ing in  apical  third  to  the  emargination  at  the  oblique  sutures ;  epistomal  lobe 
evenly  arcuate  at  apex.  Frons  somewhat  strongly  convex,  slightly  impressed 
on  the  oblique  sutures  and  laterally  against  the  eyes ;  frontal  suture  entirely 
obsolete,  supra-ocular  carina  distinct,  scarcely  advanced  onto  the  sides ;  punc- 
tation  very  dense,  punctures  shalloM^  and  confluent  between  the  feebly  promi- 
nent and  longitudinal  intervals ;  punctures  of  the  epistoma  less  longitudinally 
confluent  and  more  or  less  discrete  and  contiguous.  Eyes  rounded,  not  emargi- 
nate  anteriorly,  facets  convex.  Antennae  slender,  about  attaining  the  pronotal 
base  and  one-third  longer  than  length  of  pronotum  at  middle. 

Pronotiim  less  than  twice  as  wide  as  long;  apex  broadl}^  emarginate  in 
feeble  circular  arc,  angles  distinct,  subacute  and  slightly  prominent;  sides 
evenly  and  moderately  strongly  arcuate;  base  subtruncate,  feebly  and 
broadly  sinuate  in  lateral  thirds,  marginal  bead  rather  coarse  and  flattened, 
angles  obtusangular.  Disk  moderately  and  evenly  convex,  very  densely  punc- 
tate, punctures  shallow,  more  or  less  confluent,  intervals  irregularly  reticulate 
and  not  prominent ;  lateral  margins  rather  sharp,  very  minutely  and  irregu- 
larly subserrulate. 

Elytra  oval,  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  wide ;  base  broadly  emarginate 
and  slightly  wider  than  pronotal  base,  marginal  bead  rather  wide  in  the 
scutellar  third,  humeri  obtusely  rounded ;  sides  broadly  and  rather  strongly 
arcuate,  apex  obtuselj^  rounded.  Disk  quite  strongly  convex  from  side  to  side, 
striate,  striae  distinct  or  shallow,  punctures  closely  placed,  those  toward  the 
sides  have  their  proximo-lateral  margins  carinate,  causing  the  unimpressed 
striae  to  appear  slightly  prominent ;  intervals  flat  and  with  shallow  subobso- 
lete  punctures. 

Abdomen  very  finely  and  indistinctly  punctate,  each  puncture  with  a  re- 
cumbent, pale,  short  hair.  Sterna  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  very  shallow 
and  not  mqyj  distinct.  Hypopleurae  obsoletely  punctato-rugose,  punctures 
large  and  very  shallow.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness. 

Measurements  :  (type)  length  4.5  mm.,  width  2.0  mm. 

Holotype,  sex  undetermined.  No.  5098,  Ceralbo  Island,  Gulf  of  California. 
Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  June  7,  1921.  No 
paratypes. 

(60)  Prometopion  amplipenne  Casey 

Prometopion  amplipenne  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  372\ 

A  shining  nigro-piceous  species.  Antennae  and  legs  more  or  less  rufo- 
piceous.  Epistomal  lobe  prominent  anteriorly,  truncate  at  apex.  Head  and 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  197 

pronotum  densely  punctate.  Pronotal  apex  and  base  subequal  in  width,  angles 
distinct  but  not  prominent.  Elytral  punctures  fine,  uniform  in  size,  confused, 
series  somewhat  evident  under  close  examination. 

Type  locality :  near  El  Paso\  Texas. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  type  region,  and  Tucson,  Arizona. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  10  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  Julv  20 : 
10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29 ;  San  Fernando,  July  31.  Eight  specimens 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  determination  of  this  species  is  not  entirely  satisfactory  on  account  of 
the  scarcity  of  specimens.  A  second  species  castaneous  in  color  occurs  in  Cali- 
fornia (Heloijioides  Horn). 

(61)  Chilometopon  castaneum  Casey 

(Platell,  fig.  8) 
Chilometopon  castaneum  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  373\ 

Form  elongate,  somewhat  dull  in  luster  and  chestnut-brown  in  color.  Epis- 
tomal  lobe  arcuato-truncate  at  apex.  Frons  densely  punctate,  punctures 
small,  elongate  and  directed  obliqueh"  outward  and  forward,  forming  longi- 
tudinal folds;  toward  vertex  becoming  smaller  and  discrete.  Last  antennal 
segment  (pi.  11,  fig.  8)  as  long  as  the  three  and  one-half  preceding  combined. 
Pronotum  comparatively  small,  sides  strongly  rounded  anteriorly,  thence 
converging  and  straight  to  the  obtuse  and  distinct  basal  angles ;  apex  evenly 
sinuate,  angles  acute  and  anteriorly  prominent ;  disk  densely  punctate,  punc- 
tures small  and  narrowly  separated  in  the  central  area,  becoming  slightly 
elongate,  larger  but  scarcely  confluent  laterally.  Elytral  punctures  fine, 
scarcely  muricate,  striae  obscurely  indicated.  Basal  and  apical  segments  of 
the  hind  tarsi  quite  equal  in  length,  second  and  third  shorter  and  equal  to 
each  other. 

Type  localitj^ :  Barstow\  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  tj^pe  region  only. 

New  records :  10  miles  south  of  Cataviiia,  Lower  California.  Two  males 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  are  doubtfully  referred  to  this  species. 

Specimens  of  Chilometopo7i  are  scarce  in  collections  and  the  recognition 
of  species  difficult.  Casey  lists  five  species  and  the  author  has  added  two  others, 
rugiceps  and  crihricolle. 

(62)  Chilometopon  rugiceps  Blaisdell 

Chilometopon  rugiceps  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  229\ 

Form  elongate-ovate,  widest  behind  the  middle,  narrowing  anteriorly,  little 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color  castaneous,  feebly  shining.  Head  evenly 
and  closely  punctate.  Terminal  segment  of  the  antennae  at  least  as  long  as  the 
preceding  three  combined.  Pronotum  moderately  convex,  apical  angles  obtuse, 


198  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

slightly  prominent  anteriorly;  basal  angles  rectangular;  sides  strongly  ar- 
cuate; disk  slightly  and  broadly  impressed  in  region  of  the  basal  angles, 
punctures  large,  shallow  and  open  posteriorly.  Elytral  punctures  small,  ir- 
regular, series  obscure. 

Type  locality :  Angeles  Bay\  Lower  California.  Type,  a  male.  No.  1132, 
Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  June  26,  1931. 
Described  from  an  unique. 

Specimens  of  the  described  species  are  few  and  no  student  seems  perfectly 
sure  regarding  specific  characters.  In  the  female  the  terminal  antennal  seg- 
ment is  about  twice  as  long  as  wide. 

(63)  Chilometopon  cribricolle  Blaisdell 

CMlometopon  cribricolle  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  230\ 

Color  chestnut-brown,  antennae  and  legs  paler.  Epistomal  lobe  arcuato- 
truncate  at  apex.  In  the  male  the  eleventh  antennal  segment  is  elongate,  and 
equal  to  the  preceding  three  taken  together ;  in  the  female  about  twice  as  long- 
as  wide.  Pronotal  apex  arcuato-truncate  between  the  small,  acute  and  distinct 
angles ;  disk  densely  and  rather  strongly  punctate ;  base  broadly,  but  not 
strongly  lobed  in  central  three-fifths  and  sinuate  laterally,  angles  obtuse  and 
distinct. 

Type  locality :  San  Nicolas  Bay\  Lower  California.  Type,  a  female.  No. 
1133,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin,  May  25, 
1921. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  Lower  California,  July  25, 
1938.  Described  from  an  unique  female.  A  single  pair  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

(64)  Metopoloba  pruinosa  (Horn) 

Epitragus  pruijiosus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   264^; 

Champion,  1884,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4,  1 :  36-. 
Metopoloba  pruinosa,  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  417. 

Color  rufo-piceous,  surface  polished,  shining.  Pubescence  sparse  and  ex- 
tremely short.  Head  coarsely  punctate.  Prothorax  similar  in  the  sexes,  as  wide 
as  base  of  the  elytra,  the  latter  without  impressed  lines ;  pronotal  angles  sub- 
rectangular.  Abdomen  finely  and  densely  punctate. 

Type  locality  :  Owens  Valley\  California  (Horn). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California ;  Arizona  (LeConte 
coll.);  Mexico:  northern  Sonora"  (Morrison);  Nevada;  Lower  California: 
San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Fenyes  Coll.) . 

New  records :  Lower  California :  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27 ; 
19  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  27 ;  San  Fernando,  July  31.  Six  speci- 
mens taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  It  is  probable  that  contaminans  Casey 
is  simply  a  variation. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBBIONIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  199 

(65)  Metopoloba  densiventris  Casey 

Metopolota  densiventris  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  417^;  Blaisdell,  1923, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4) ,  12  :  2312. 

Resembles  pruinosa  Horn.  Form  stouter,  very  convex,  darker  in  color  and 
liig'lih^  polished.  Pronotum  more  transverse,  apex  feebly  sinuate,  angles  some- 
what blunt ;  disk  finely  and  more  sparsely  punctate  centrally  than  laterally, 
sublateral  basal  impressions  very  feeble  and  broad.  Abdomen  opaque,  strongly, 
moderately  finely  and  very  densely  punctate. 

Type  locality  :  Deming'\  New  Mexico. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Nogales,  Arizona ;  San  Carlos  Bay, 
Lower  California"  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  Tiburon  Island,  Gulf  of  California'; 
Guaymas,  Mexico. 

The  exact  status  of  deiisiventris  is  dubious.  In  following  Col.  Casey's  tabu- 
lation of  characters  the  form  is  recognizable.  A  larger  series  is  needed  for 
study. 

(66)  Metopoloba  subpilosa  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  narrower  than  in  pruinosa  Horn,  rather  strongly  convex,  a  little  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color  i)iceous,  surface  more  or  less  polished.  Pubes- 
cence sparse,  short  and  more  conspicuous,  pale  j^ellowish  in  color. 

Head  relatively  small,  widest  across  the  eyes  and  one-third  wider  than  long- 
before  the  post-ocular  line ;  f rons  feebly  convex,  distinctly  impressed  within 
the  anterior  one-half  of  the  ej^es  and  sides  anteriorly,  very  broadlj^  and  feebly 
so  behind  the  epistoma ;  punctures  small,  sparse  centrally,  denser  laterally  and 
apically.  Eyes  not  more  prominent  than  sides  of  head,  moderate  in  size,  facets 
small  and  slightly  convex ;  supra-ocular  carina  fine  and  not  strong.  Antennae 
moderate  in  length,  not  as  long  as  width  of  pronotum,  and  about  one-tenth 
longer  than  pronotum  at  middle ;  when  extended  backward  attain  about  the 
basal  third  of  prothorax;  segments  nine  and  ten  triangular,  the  latter  as  long 
as  wide,  the  former  a  little  longer,  eleventh  not  larger  than  the  preceding  and 
subspherical. 

Pronotum  less  than  a  third  wider  than  long,  widest  at  base,  the  latter  almost 
a  third  wider  than  apex,  the  latter  truncato-sinuate,  the  angles  distinct  and 
not  in  the  least  prominent ;  sides  feebly  arcuate  and  moderately  convergent 
anteriorly ;  base  arcuately  lobed  in  middle  third,  rather  strongly  sinuate  lat- 
erally and  straight  within  the  angles.  Disk  moderately  convex,  more  or  less 
feebly  impressed  before  the  basal  lobe,  punctures  strong,  moderately  small 
and  well  separated  centrally,  slightly  coarser  and  denser  laterally,  each  punc- 
ture with  a  recumbent  hair ;  a  median  smooth  line  more  or  less  evident. 

Elytra  about  one-third  longer  than  wide,  and  slightly  more  than  three  times 
the  length  of  the  pronotum ;  base  emarginate  centrally,  transverse  laterally, 
humeri  obtuse ;  sides  feebly  and  broadly  arcuate,  graduall}^  more  arcuate  and 
rather  acutely  ogival  apically.  Disk  distinctly  and  moderately  densely  punc- 
tate, punctures  coarser  than  in  pruinosa,  each  wdth  a  short  recumbent  hair ; 
surface  sparsely  and  indistinctly,  transversely  rugose. 


202  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  male,  No.  1138,  and  allotype,  female.  No.  1139,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  May  27, 1921. 

Kecorded  distribution:  beside  the  type  locality,  Ceralbo  Island,  Gulf  of 
California. 

(72)  Triphalus  impressifrons  Blaisdell,  new  species 

(PlatelO,  fig.  10) 

Form  elongately  subcylindrico-subovate,  about  two  and  one-half  times  as 
long  as  wide.  Color  piceous,  antennae  rufous,  legs  more  or  less  rufo-piceous. 
Elytral  punctures  with  minute  and  very  inconspicuous  hairs.  Tarsi  densely 
invested  beneath  with  ferruginous  setif orm  hairs. 

Head  comparatively  small,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the  post-ocular  line 
including  the  epistomal  lobe  (pi.  10,  fig.  10) ,  and  as  wide  as  the  pronotal  apex. 
Eyes  and  sides  subequally  prominent,  the  latter  strongly  arcuate,  converging 
in  the  anterior  one-half  to  the  moderate  emargination  at  position  of  the  oblit- 
erated oblique  sutures.  Epistomal  lobe  rather  small,  not  deflexed,  triangular 
and  obtuse  at  apex;  surface  densely  and  confluently  punctate  between  the 
transverse,  convex  and  finely  linear  intervals,  margins  very  finely  serrulate. 
Frons  feebly  convex,  supra-antennal  convexities  declivous  against  the  eyes ; 
surface  rather  strongly  impressed  at  the  position  of  the  oblique  sutures,  very 
feebly  so  across  the  median  line,  densely  and  coarsely  reticulo-punctate.  Eyes 
moderately  small  and  subequal  in  area  to  the  sides  over  the  antennal  inser- 
tions. Antennae  slender,  moderate  in  length,  about  attaining  the  pronotal  base. 

Pronotum  comparatively  small,  widest  at  base,  subquadrate,  about  one-sixth 
wider  than  long ;  apex  transverse  in  moderate  circular  arc,  angles  very  small 
and  acute,  feebly  prominent ;  sides  feebly  arcuate  and  moderately  convergent 
to  apex,  width  at  middle  equal  to  the  base;  the  latter  broadly  arcuate  and 
scarcely  sinuate  laterally,  one-fifth  wider  than  apex,  marginal  bead  narrow 
and  distinct.  Disk  strongly  convex  from  side  to  side,  marginal  beads  visible 
from  above ;  densely,  coarsely  and  confluently  punctate,  the  narrow,  convex 
intervals  more  or  less  reticulate. 

Elytra  oval,  widest  at  about  the  middle,  one-half  longer  than  wide,  about 
two  and  two-thirds  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum ;  base  equal  to  that  of  the 
latter,  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate,  narrowly  beaded;  humeri  obsolete, 
minutely  angulate ;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  less  so  in  apical  fourth  to  the  obtuse 
apex.  Disk  arcuate  from  side  to  side  and  inflexed  laterally,  slightly  less  convex 
in  the  central  area,  gradually  and  arcuately  declivous  apically,  with  nine  dis- 
tinct, entire,  and  regular  rows  of  moderately  large  punctures,  which  are  more 
or  less  impressed  apically  and  the  intervals  convex,  the  punctures  separated 
by  a  distance  less  than  twice  their  diameters ;  intervals  with  extremely  minute 
punctules,  each  with  a  very  short  and  fine  hair. 

Under  surface  of  the  body  very  coarsely  punctate.  Abdominal  segments 
sparsely  punctate,  punctures  becoming  dense  on  the  fourth  and  especially  on 
the  fifth  segment.  Legs  short.  Males  evidently  narrower  than  the  females. 

Measurements  :  (type)  length  8.5  mm.,  width  3.5  mm. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TEXEBFIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  203 

Holotype,  female,  No.  5088,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  15  miles 
west  of  La  Paz,  Lower  California,  June  5,  1938,  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross, 

Paratypes  two,  one  taken  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  Lower  California, 
July  16,  by  Miclielbacher  and  Ross,  the  other  in  the  same  region,  June  29, 1919, 
by  Prof.  G.  F.  Ferris  of  Stanford  University. 

Suhcylindricus  Blaisdell  is  less  elongate,  with  elj^tral  pubescence  longer 
but  inconspicuous ;  front  of  head  not  distinctly  impressed ;  pronotum  more 
strongly  convex  from  side  to  side  and  subcylindrical,  with  the  lateral  beads 
not  visible  from  above. 

(73)  Triphalopsis  partida  Blaisdell 

Triphalopsis  partida  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  232^. 

Form  ovate,  elytra  somewhat  inflated.  A  species  larger  than  minor  Blaisdell 
and  resembling  Triplialus  crihricollis  Horn.  Color  piceous  brown,  legs  slightly 
rufous.  Surface  invested  sparsely  with  rather  long,  soft,  erect  hairs  that  are 
decurved  at  tip. 

Type  locality :  Isla  Partida',  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1134,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1135,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  April  22, 1921. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Gulf  of  California  :  San  Lorenzo  Island ; 
Patos  Island;  Mejia  Island;  Freshwater  Bay,  Tiburon  Island. 

An  easily  recognized  species.  The  following  species  occurs  on  other  islands 
and  is  smaller. 

(74)  Triphalopsis  minor  Blaisdell 

Triphalopsis  minor  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  233\ 

A  small,  piceous  brown  (4-5  mm.)  si^ecies,  sparsely  invested  with  rather 
long,  soft  and  erect  hairs  that  may  be  more  or  less  decurved  at  tip.  Front  of 
head  with  nearly  longitudinal  rugae,  epistomal  lobe  transversely  so.  Pronotum 
convex,  not  impressed,  apical  angles  small,  acute  and  slightly  divergent ;  sides 
feebly  arcuate  to  more  strongly  so,  and  somewhat  angulate  just  behind  the 
middle.  Elytra  oval,  strongly  convex;  strial  and  interstitial  punctures  equal 
in  size.  Under  surface  of  body  coarsely  punctate. 

Type  locality:  South  Santa  Inez  Island^  Gulf  of  California  (E.  P.  Van 
Duzee). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Gulf  of  California :  Pond  Island  Bay, 
Angel  de  la  Guardia ;  Angeles  Bay,  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  14  miles  south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  June  23, 
10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21.  Three  specimens  found  by  Michel- 
baclier and  Ross,  two  of  which  were  dead  and  very  imperfect. 

(75)  Triphalopsis  impressicoUis  Blaisdell,  new  species 

(PlatelO,  figs.  9andl0) 

Form  subovate,  about  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color  nigro-piceous,  antennae 
and  legs  more  or  less  rufous.  Surface  sparsely  invested  with  moderately  long, 
slender  erect  hairs. 


204  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Head  (pi.  10,  fig.  10)  relatively  moderate  in  size,  slightly  widest  across  the 
eyes,  about  one-half  wider  than  long  before  the  post-ocular  line,  and  not  quite 
as  wide  as  the  pronotal  apex ;  tempora  not  in  the  least  prominent,  converging 
posteriorly  from  the  eyes;  sides  lobed  before  the  eyes,  lobes  arcuately  sub- 
parallel  laterally,  the  arcuation  evenly  converging  anteriorly  to  the  deep 
emargination  at  the  position  of  the  oblique  sutures.  Epistomal  lobe  rather 
large,  obtusely  triangular  and  prominent  between  the  porrect  dorsal  teeth  of 
the  mandibles;  surface  transversely  rugose,  sparsely  punctate  between  the 
rugae,  punctures  rather  coarse.  Frons  moderately  convex,  longitudinally 
rugose,  rugae  each  side  of  the  median  line  somewhat  convergent  to  the  apical 
emarginations,  punctures  sparse  and  not  well  defined  betw^een  the  rugae,  each 
with  a  slender  more  or  less  erect  hair ;  lateral  surface  moderately  convex  over 
the  antennal  insertions,  simply  punctate  lateral  to  the  superciliary  carina 
which  extends  anteriorly  to  the  apical  margin  of  the  lateral  lobes ;  surface 
impressed  before  the  eyes  and  slightly  so  wdthin  the  carinae  to  the  emargina- 
tions. Eyes  moderately  large,  slightly  emarginate  anteriorly.  Antennae  long 
and  slender,  extending  a  little  beyond  the  pronotal  base,  last  three  segments 
slightl}^  enlarged  forming  a  club;  segments  two  to  five  inclusive  elongate 
cylindro-obconical,  the  third  longest,  second  shortest;  fourth  and  fifth  longer, 
but  shorter  than  the  third ;  sixth  and  seventh  together  a  little  shorter  than  the 
third  and  equal  in  length,  slightly  stouter ;  eighth  a  little  wider  at  apex ;  ninth 
and  tenth  triangular,  ninth  a  little  longer  than  wide,  tenth  quite  as  wide  as 
long ;  eleventh  obovate  and  a  little  longer  than  wide. 

Pronotum  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  widest  just  behind  the  middle 
(pi.  10,  fig.  9)  ;  apex  feebly  arcuate  and  slightly  sinuate  laterally  within  the 
angles  in  moderate  circular  arc,  angles  triangular  and  moderately  prominent 
antero-laterally,  subobtuse  at  tip ;  sides  rather  strongly  arcuate  in  posterior 
two-thirds,  straighter  anteriorly  and  feebly  sinuate  behind  the  angles,  con- 
verging posteriorly  with  the  angles  obtusangular;  base  quite  equal  in  width 
to  the  apex,  broadly  and  rather  feebly  arcuate,  not  sinuate  laterally,  some- 
what broadly  beaded  in  lateral  thirds,  bead  flat.  Disk  strongly  convex,  rather 
broadly  impressed  laterally  and  within  the  angles,  narrowly  and  transversely 
so  at  base  within  the  bead ;  rather  closely  and  regularly  punctate,  punctures 
discrete  in  the  central  area,  and  more  or  less  rugoso-punctate  laterally  and 
anteriorly  within  the  impressed  areas.  Lateral  marginal  beads  obsolete,  mar- 
gin subacute.  Each  puncture  with  a  long  or  shorter  hair. 

Ehjtra  oval,  one-fourth  longer  than  wide,  and  about  three  times  as  long  as 
the  pronotum;  strongly  convex,  arcuately  declivous  laterally  and  apically ; 
base  not  wider  than  the  pronotal  base,  slightly  and  broadly  emarginate,  scu- 
tellum  not  entering  between  the  elytra  beyond  the  basal  bead ;  humeri  sub- 
obsolete,  feebly  angulate ;  sides  scarcely  inflexed,  marginal  bead  fine,  apex 
moderately  lobed  and  obtusely  rounded.  Disk  regularly  punctate,  somewhat 
serial,  punctures  coarse,  equal  in  size  and  subequally  spaced,  intervals  feebly 
convex  between  the  punctures,  the  latter  appearing  slightly  impressed,  each 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  205 

with  a  long  hair.  Epipleurae  not  dilated  at  base,  moderate  in  width,  and  grad- 
ually narrowing  apically  attaining  the  apex. 

Abdomen  moderately  convex.  Ventral  surface  coarsely  and  densely  punc- 
tate throughout.  Legs  moderately  short;  meta-  and  mesofemora  rather  slender, 
not  dilated ;  prof  emora  moderatel}^  stout  and  slighth^  inflated.  Metatibiae  sub- 
equal  to  the  metaf emora  in  length ;  metatarsi  about  four-fifths  the  length  of 
their  tibia,  segments  one  and  four  quite  equal  in  length,  the  second  one-half 
the  length  of  the  first,  the  third  a  little  shorter  than  the  second.  Tarsi  moder- 
ately slender,  rather  densely  invested  beneath  with  spinif  orm  hairs,  especially 
apically.  Tibiae  sparsely  clothed  with  long  erect  pale  hairs  externally. 

Measurements :  length  6.5  mm.,  width  3.0  mm. 

Holotype,  an  unique,  sex  undetermined,  probably  a  male,  No.  5068,  Mus. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, July  4,  1938,  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(76)  Stibia  granulata  Blaisdell 

Stihia  granulata  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  238\ 

A  very  distinct  species.  Form  elongate-subovate.  Color  opaque  black ;  an- 
tennae, palpi  and  tarsi  rufous,  legs  dark  rufo-piceous.  Easily  recognized  by 
the  opaque,  microscopically  granulate  body  surface,  and  coarse  perforate 
IDunctures  of  the  sterna. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Catalina  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 

Type  possibly  a  male,  if  so,  without  an  abdominal  pubescent  fovea,  No. 
1144,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  Five  specimens  collected  by  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee,  June  12, 1921.  Four  paratypes. 

(77)  Stibia  f allaciosa  (Blaisdell) 

Stihia  puncticollis  Blaisdell,  nee  Horn,  1925,  Proc.  CaHf.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  329. 
Stibia  f  allaciosa  Blaisdell,  1936,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62 :  70\ 

A  somewhat  shining  and  alutaceous  species,  having  the  frontal  and  pro- 
notal  punctures  less  dense,  discrete,  scarcely  in  rows.  Elytral  striae  not  im- 
pressed, punctures  coarse;  the  discal  intervals  flat,  becoming  more  or  less 
costate  laterally  and  apically. 

Type  locality:  Monserrate  Island",  Gulf  of  California  (J.  C.  Chamberlin). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Carlos,  Loreto 
(E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Ceralbo  Island ;  Pacific  coastal  group  : 
San  Benito  Island  (F.  X.  Williams) . 

New  records :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  Lower  California,  July  24. 
One  specimen  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(78)  Stibia  fallaciosa  interstitialis  Blaisdell 

stibia  fallaciosa  var.  interstitialis  Blaisdell,  1936,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62:  73\ 

This  variant  agrees  with  fallaciosa  in  having  the  elytral  striae  not  im- 
pressed, and  the  discal  intervals  flat,  becoming  more  or  less  subcostatc  later- 


206  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

ally  and  apically.  It  differs,  hoAvever,  in  having  the  head  more  densely 
punctate,  punctures  discrete  centrally,  in  rows  of  two  or  four  between  the 
very  convex  and  linear  intervals,  laterally  the  punctures  are  single,  the  inter- 
vals being  more  or  less  reticulate  as  well  as  linearly  prominent. 

Type  locality :  Arroyo  Gua\  Loreto,  gulf  coast  of  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  395e3,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  (J.  C.  Chamberlin) . 

Recorded  distribution:  Ceralbo  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  June  7  (E.  P. 
Van  Duzee ) . 

(79)  Stibia  cribrata  Blaisdell 

(Plate  10,  fig.  7) 
Stibia  cribrata  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  239\ 

Form  elongate-ovate,  not  noticeably  inflated,  surface  of  body  without  raised 
microscopical  granules.  Color  dull  black,  antennae,  palpi  and  legs  dark  rufous. 
Head  coarsely  and  strongly  punctate  (pi.  10,  fig.7),  punctures  quite  discrete, 
slightly  smaller  on  epistoma  and  supra-antennal  convexities ;  raised  base  of 
the  deflexed  epistoma  very  obtusely  convex.  Elytra  with  impressed  striae  of 
coarse  punctures,  intervals  rather  distinctly  costulate  laterally  and  apically. 
Sides  of  the  pronotum  are  sinuate  at  the  angles. 

Type  locality :  Ildefonso  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1145,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1146,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  May  17,  1921,  by  J.  C.  Chamberlin.  Only  known  from  the 
type  region. 

(80)  Stibia  sparsa  Blaisdell 

(PlatelO,  fig.  8) 

Stibia  spa'rsa  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,    (4),   12:   237^;  — 1936,  Trans. 
Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62 :  86^. 

In  sparsa  the  strial  punctures  on  the  apical  declivity  of  the  elytra  are  grad- 
ually smaller,  becoming  obsolete  before  the  apex.  Form  ovate,  surface  polished 
and  shining.  Head  coarsely  and  almost  discretely  punctate  (pi.  10,  fig.  8). 
Pronotum  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  smaller  and  discrete,  Male  has  a  pu- 
bescent tuft  at  middle  of  first  ventral  abdominal  segment. 

Type  locality :  South  Santa  Inez  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Angeles  Bay,  Lower  California ;  Gulf 
of  California :  Sal  si  Puedes  Island,  San  Lorenzo  Island,  Isla  Partida,  and 
Tortuga  Island^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Mesquital,  July  28  ;  20  miles  west  of  Santa 
Rosalia,  June  26;  and  25  miles  south,  July  25;  Cataviiia,  June  19;  14  miles 
south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  June  23.  Five  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

(81)  Stibia  williamsi  Blaisdell 

stibia  williamsi  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  328^ 

Form  ovate.  Color  nigro-piceous,  antennae  and  legs  slightly  rufo-piceous ; 
surface  smooth  and  shining.  Pronotum  densely  but  not  very  coarsely,  more 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  207 

or  less  confluently  punctate.  Elytral  striae  of  punctures  obsolete  on  the  apical 
declivity. 

Type  locality:  Middle  San  Benito  Island",  Pacific  coastal  group,  Lower 
California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1632,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1633,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  (Hanna  and  Slevin  collectors). 

Recorded  distribution  :  East  and  West  San  Benito  Islands. 

In  Stihia  puncticollis  Horn  the  elytral  series  of  coarse  punctures  are  entire 
and  attain  the  apex ;  in  sparsa  Blaisdell  the  surface  is  more  polished,  the  pro- 
notal  punctures  discrete  and  the  basal  angles  very  small  and  acute. 

(82)  Stibia  puncticoUis  Horn 

Stihia  puncticoUis  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  260^;  — 
1874,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  5 :  29;  —  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  346;  Casey, 
1907,  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  60:  448;  Blaisdell  nee  Horn,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(4),  12:  237. 

Stihia  hannai  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  329;— 1936,  Trans. 
Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62 :  80. 

One  of  the  smaller  species,  having  the  f  rons  and  pronotum  densely  punctate, 
punctures  large  and  more  or  less  coalescent,  intervals  narrow,  convex,  rather 
prominent  and  reticulate.  Lateral  pronotal  margins  arcuate,  narrowly  and 
obtusely  rounded,  punctulate  and  not  glabrous  in  posterior  one-half.  Elytral 
strial  punctures  smaller  and  well  defined  on  the  apical  declivity. 

Type  locality :  "Peninsula  of  California'",  collected  by  AVm.  M.  Gabb. 

Kecorded  and  known  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  San  Quintin  and  En- 
senada ;  Pacific  coastal  islands  :  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion  (Hanna  and  Slevin)  ; 
Natividad  and  Geronimo;  North  Coronado  (Thos.  Craig),  Coronado  Penin- 
sula, San  Diego,  California  (Blaisdell  and  Fields).  A  very  distinct  species  of 
wide  distribution. 

New  record :  10  miles  east  of  Rosario,  Lower  California,  July  17.  One  speci- 
men collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(83)  Stibia  puncticoUis  martinensis  Blaisdell 

stihia  puncticoUis  subspecies  martinensis  Blaisdell,  1936,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62 :  83^ 

An  extreme  form  of  puncticoUis  Horn.  Recognized  by  the  head  and  pro- 
notum being  rugoso-punctate,  in  irregular  series  and  more  or  less  confluent. 
Strial  punctures  of  the  elytral  apical  declivity  entire  and  strong. 

Type  locality :  San  Martin  Island',  Pacific  Coast,  Lower  California  (H.  H. 
Keifer). 

(84)  Stibia  blairi  Blaisdell 

Stihia  blairi  Blaisdell,  1936,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62  :  88^  (Mon.). 

In  this  species  the  surface  is  smooth  and  shining.  Head  coarsely  and 
discretely  punctate.  Pronotal  disk  less  coarsely  and  discretely  punctate ;  sub- 
marginal  impressed  area  moderately  wide,  glabrous,  well  defined  and  antero- 


208  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

posteriorly  convex  behind  the  feeble  subapical  sinuation.  Elytral  striae  formed 
by  distinctly  defined  and  coarse  punctures,  the  series  are  entire  and  equally 
strong  on  the  apical  declivity  before  the  apex. 

Type  locality :  "California  Meridionalis'"  (Fry  collection,  Brit.  Mus.,  green 
label  no.  68600). 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  record :  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  Lower  California,  July  20.  A 
single  specimen,  female,  was  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  specimen  fulfills  the  requirements  of  the  description  so  closely  that  it 
is  considered  to  be  llairi,  in  spite  of  the  indefinite  type  locality. 

(85)  Stibia  ferruginea  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  ovate,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color  ferruginous, 
surface  smooth  and  shining,  not  pubescent. 

Head  relatively  small,  slightly  widest  across  the  eyes,  one-half  wider  than 
long  before  the  post-ocular  line;  sides  (lobes)  feebly  arcuate  and  slightly 
convergent,  thence  strongly  and  inwardly  arcuate  to  the  oblique  sutures; 
epistomal  ridge  narrow  laterally,  moderately  elevated,  thicker  at  base  of  the 
epistomal  lobe,  thence  sinuate  to  the  emargination  at  the  oblique  sutures ;  epis- 
tomal lobe  rather  sharply  deflexed,  comparatively  moderate  in  size,  convex, 
triangular  wdth  apex  obtusely  rounded,  margins  feebly  irregular.  Frons  mod- 
erately strongly  convex,  distinctly  impressed  on  the  oblique  sutures,  rather 
densely  and  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  discrete  centrally,  more  or  less  con- 
fluent laterally,  separated  by  a  distance  about  one  and  one-half  times  their 
diameter,  intervals  feebly  convex  and  irregular ;  sides  over  the  antennal  in- 
sertions declivous  against  the  eyes,  supra-ocular  carinae  rather  fine,  extending 
forward  bounding  the  preocular  impressions  internally.  Eyes  moderately 
large,  emarginate  anteriorly,  facets  strongly  convex.  Labrum  transverse,  apex 
feebly  arcuate  and  not  sinuate  at  middle.  Porrect  lobes  of  the  mandibles  less 
coarsely  punctate.  Antennae  moderatelj^  slender,  attaining  the  pronotal  base. 

Pronotum  comparatively  small,  subquaclrate,  about  one-half  wider  than 
long ;  apex  transverse  in  feeble  circular  arc,  angles  small,  sharp,  rather  promi- 
nent and  slightly  everted;  sides  broadly  and  moderately  arcuate,  feebly  sinu- 
ate behind  the  apical  angles ;  base  broadly  and  slightly  arcuate,  feebly  sinuate 
to  the  angles  laterally,  the  latter  obtusangular,  marginal  bead  rather  coarse 
and  flattened ;  base  equal  in  width  to  the  apex.  Disk  somewhat  strongly  convex, 
coarsely  and  rather  densely  punctate,  punctures  well  defined,  separated  by  a 
distance  one-half  to  once  their  diameter  and  discrete  throughout ;  lateral  mar- 
ginal bead  blunt  and  rather  coarse. 

Elytra  oval,  very  convex,  somewhat  inflated,  base  a  little  wider  than  the  pro- 
notal base,  broadly  and  feebly  sinuate,  margined ;  scutellum  transverse,  ex- 
tending slightly  beyond  the  bead,  humeri  angulate  and  nearly  obsolete ;  sides 
broadly  and  rather  strongly  arcuate,  converging  in  apical  fourth,  apex  rather 
narrowly  rounded  and  lobed,  submarginal  surface  narrowly  impressed  and 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  209 

not  in  the  least  emarginate  at  the  suture.  Disk  strongly  and  evenly  convex 
from  margin  to  margin  and  infiexed  laterally,  arcuately  declivous  apically ; 
ten  striae  of  large  punctures,  somewhat  obsolescent  before  the  apex ;  intervals 
flat  or  that  of  the  general  arcuation,  with  a  series  of  fine  punctules,  the  latter 
widely  spaced;  punctures  more  or  less  confused  in  the  peri-scutellar  area; 
marginal  bead  fine.  Epipleurae  narrow,  not  dilated  at  base. 

Sterna  very  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  large  and  circular.  Abdominal 
punctures  moderately  small  and  more  widely  spaced,  each  with  a  short,  reclin- 
ing pale  hair.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness. 

Measurements  :  length  6  mm.,  width  2.8  mm. 

Rolotype,  an  unique  female,  No.  5090,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  10  miles  north  of  Miller's  Landing,  near  Santo 
Domingo  Landing,  Vizcaino  Desert,  Lower  California,  June  22,  1938.  Fer- 
ruginea  is  a  small  species  related  to  punciicollis  Horn. 

(86)  Stibia  tortugensis  Blaisdell 

Stibia  tortugensis  Blaisdell,  1936,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  62:  105\ 

Form  subfusiform-ovate,  and  one  of  the  larger,  if  not  the  stoutest  species. 
Color  dull  black ;  mouth-parts,  antennae  and  legs  ruf  o-piceous.  Males  without 
a  pubescent  fovea  on  first  abdominal  segment.  Pronotal  apex  truncato-emar- 
ginate,  apical  angles  small  and  only  feebly  prominent ;  lateral  margins  some- 
what thickened  in  posterior  two-thirds  and  not  beaded.  Elj^tral  series  of 
punctures  more  or  less  obsolescent  on  apical  declivity. 

Type  locality :  Tortuga  Islancr,  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  3951,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  3952,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad- 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin  and  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  May  11,  and 
June  22, 1921. 

Recorded  distribution :  besides  the  type  region,  a  paratj^pe  was  taken  on 
Isla  Partida,  Gulf  of  California,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  July  2,  1921. 

(87)  Orthostibia  frontalis  Blaisdell 

(Plate  10,  fig.  1) 
Orthostibia  frontalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  236\ 

In  the  genus  Ortliostibia  the  epistomal  lobe  is  not  deflexed,  and  the  epistomal 
ridge  of  Stihia  is  absent,  eyes  emarginate  anteriorly,  supra-ciliary  carina  well 
developed  and  the  tarsi  are  spinous  beneath.  The  mandibles  have  a  porrect 
dorsal  tooth.  Form  elongate-ovate.  Color  black,  alutaceous ;  antennae  and  legs 
ruf  o-piceous.  Head  (pi.  10,  fig.  1)  and  pronotum  coarsely  punctate,  punctures 
discrete.  Elytra  have  entire  striae  of  coarse  punctures,  slightly  impressed  lat- 
erally and  on  the  apical  declivitj^;  intervals  flat  in  the  central  area,  feebly 
convex  laterally  and  apically. 

Type  locality :  Espiritu  Santo  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1140,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  1141,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  June  9,  1921,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 


210  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Recorded  distribution  :  also  known  from  Ballena  Island,  Gulf  of  California 
(Jos.  C.  Chamberlin). 

In  Stihia  Horn  the  epistomal  lobe  is  strongly  deflexed.  In  Tripliahis  LeConte 
the  lobe  is  not  deflexed,  triangular  and  its  margins  denticulate ;  the  pronotum 
is  cylindric  in  form.  In  Orthostihia  the  epistomal  lobe  is  evenly  arcuate  at 
apex. 

(88)  Orthostibia  muricata  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  ovate,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color  black,  more  or 
less  opaque ;  antennae  and  palpi  rufous,  legs  piceous.  Pubescence  short,  recum- 
bent, of  antennae  and  tarsi  ferruginous,  of  femora  and  tibiae  less  so,  of  abdo- 
men pale. 

Head  relatively  small,  slightly  widest  across  the  eyes,  about  twice  as  wide 
as  long  before  the  post-ocular  line,  epistomal  lobe  included ;  sides  subparallel 
before  the  eyes,  strongly  arcuate  to  the  position  of  the  oblique  sutures,  thence 
broadly  emarginate  with  the  epistomal  lobe,  the  latter  rather  broadly  subtri- 
angular  and  feebly  deflexed,  epistomal  ridge  none.  Frons  rather  feebly  convex, 
broadh^  impressed  on  the  frontal  suture  and  within  the  slightly  convex  sides 
over  the  antennal  insertions;  sides  impressed  against  the  eyes,  supra-ciliary 
carina  well  marked  and  extending  forward,  bounding  the  impressions  inter- 
nally ;  surface  very  densely  and  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  more  or  less  con- 
fluent. Epistoma  moderately  convex,  punctures  smaller,  discrete,  similarly  so 
on  the  sides  of  the  front.  Eyes  not  prominent,  moderately  large.  Labrum  trans- 
verse, sides  arcuate,  not  deeply  emarginate  at  middle  of  apex ;  surface  feebly 
convex,  impressed  on  the  median  line,  densely  and  finely  punctate.  Tempora 
not  in  the  least  prominent.  Antennae  moderate  in  length,  slender ;  segments 
tw^o  to  nine  obconical  and  elongate,  ninth  and  tenth  subtriangular  and  about  as 
long  as  wide ;  eleventh  obovate  and  about  as  long  as  wide. 

Pronotum  relatively  small,  strongly  convex,  about  one-third  wider  than 
long,  subquadrate;  apex  truncate  in  moderate,  circular  arc,  angles  subrec- 
tangular  and  not  in  the  least  prominent ;  sides  moderately  arcuate,  parallel, 
marginal  beads  fine ;  base  broadly  arcuate  and  broadly  sinuate  laterally, 
rather  broadly  beaded,  bead  flat,  angles  subrectangular;  slightly  wider  than 
the  apex.  Disk  strongly  convex,  very  narrowly  impressed  within  the  lateral 
marginal  beads;  more  or  less  densely  and  confluently  punctate,  punctures 
moderate  and  shallow. 

Elytra  oval,  about  one-third  wider  than  long,  base  feebly  emarginate,  a 
little  wider  than  and  adapted  to  the  pronotal  base,  humeri  obtusely  rounded ; 
sides  broadly  and  moderately  strongly  arcuate,  converging  in  apical  third  to 
the  obtuse  apex.  Disk  strongly  convex,  arcuately  declivous  laterally,  more 
gradually  and  somewhat  obliquely  so  apically;  striae  of  small  punctures 
irregularly  evident,  intervals  flat  in  the  central  area,  becoming  convex  later- 
ally and  apically  and  somewhat  ogival,  densely  and  irregularly  punctate, 
the  punctures  being  muricate  granules,  viewed  obliquely  appearing  densely 
and  finely  serrulate.  Epipleurae  not  dilated  at  base,  moderate  in  width,  grad- 
ually narrowing  and  attaining  the  apex. 


Vol.  XXIV]     JBLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  211 

Abdomen  moderately  convex  and  densely  punctate,  punctures  not  coarse 
nor  sharply  defined.  Sterna  and  parapleurae  densely  punctate,  punctures 
large  and  shallow,  well  defined.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness.  Tarsi 
clothed  beneath  with  spiniform  hairs,  denser  apically. 

Measurements :  length  7  mm.,  width  3.5  mm. 

Holotype,  sex  undetermined.  No.  5065,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  at  Triunfo,  Lower  California,  July  13,  1938. 

In  the  genotype  of  frontalis  Blaisdell,  the  head  and  pronotum  are  quite 
discretely  punctate;  the  elytral  striae  are  entire  and  the  punctures  well 
defined ;  intervals  flat,  finely  and  sparsely  punctulate. 

(89)  Orthostibia  fraterna  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate,  subovate,  two  and  one-third  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color 
nigro-piceous ;  antennae  and  legs  dark  rufous,  maxillary  palpi  rufous.  Sur- 
face smooth  and  moderately  shining,  not  pubescent. 

Head  relatively  moderate  in  size,  slightly  widest  across  the  eyes ;  sides 
arcuately  lobed  to  the  emargination  at  position  of  the  oblique  sutures ;  epis- 
tomal  lobe  not  deflexed,  subtriangular  and  rounded  at  apex.  Frons  and 
epistoma  moderately  convex,  coarsely  and  densely  punctate,  punctures  more 
or  less  coalescent  in  rows ;  intervals  Unciform,  convex,  irregularly  longitudi- 
nal and  rugose ;  frontal  suture  obsolete.  Supra-antennal  lobes  not  convex,  but 
arcuatel}^  declivous  against  the  eyes.  Supra-ocular  carina  long,  each  slightly 
convergent,  extending  half-way  to  the  apical  emarginations.  Porrect  lobe  of 
the  mandibles  densely  and  moderately  coarsely  punctate. 

Pronotum  subquadrate,  about  one-third  wider  than  long,  not  cylindric; 
apex  truncato-emarginate  in  moderate  circular  arc,  angles  obtuse  and  slightly 
prominent;  sides  broadly,  not  strongly  arcuate,  very  feebly  sinuate  at  the 
angles ;  base  broadly  arcuate  in  middle  two-fourths,  thence  broadly  and  feebly 
sinuate  to  the  distinct  obtuse  angles,  marginal  bead  rather  broad  and  flat- 
tened. Disk  evenly  and  rather  strongly  convex,  densely  and  coarsely  punctate, 
punctures  discrete  centrally,  becoming  more  or  less  confluent  laterally,  but 
not  distinctly  rugose ;  marginal  bead  rather  coarse,  finer  apically,  becoming 
somewhat  wider  basally,  visible  from  above. 

Elytra  oval,  about  one-third  longer  than  wide,  nearly  three  times  as  long 
as  the  pronotum ;  base  margined,  broadly  sinuate  and  quite  equal  to  that  of 
the  pronotum;  scutellum  part  of  the  margin,  humeri  obsolete;  sides  broadly 
arcuate,  convergent  in  apical  fourth  and  obtusely  rounded  at  apex.  Disk 
strongly  convex,  continuously  so  from  side  to  side,  marginal  bead  not  visible 
from  above,  somewhat  gradually  and  arcuately  declivous  apically ;  ten  striae 
of  coarse,  slightly  impressed  punctures,  the  tenth  against  the  marginal  bead, 
all  quite  entire ;  punctures  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  one  and  one-half 
times  their  diameter,  intervals  flat  centrally,  slightly  convex  laterally  and 
apically,  each  puncture  with  a  very  short  inconspicuous  seta. 

Ventral  surface  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  smaller  on  the  abdominal 


212  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

segments,  each  with  a  short  slender  seta.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  slen- 
der ness. 

Measurements  :  length  8  mm.,  width  3  mm. 

Holotype,  sex  not  determined.  No.  5091,  Mns.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent., 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  Lower 
California,  July  4, 1938,  one  specimen. 

In  fraterna  the  eyes  are  moderately  large  and  briefly  emarginate  anteri- 
orly, the  facets  strongly  convex  and  moderate  in  size ;  the  antennae  are  mod- 
erate in  stoutness  and  length,  extending  slightly  beyond  the  pronotal  base. 
In  Triphalus  the  prothorax  is  more  cylindric  and  the  punctation  denser.  In 
Stihia  the  epistomal  lobe  is  deflexed. 

(90)  Edrotes  ventricosus  LeConte 

Edrotes  ventricosus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  141^;  Thomson,  1859, 
Arcana  Nat.,  pi.  12,  fig.  8;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14: 
257-;  — 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  346%-  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad. 
Sci.,  9:  451. 

Form  very  rotund,  convex,  smooth,  highly  polished.  Color  deep  black. 
Pubescence  consisting  of  very  long,  sparse,  erect  hairs,  more  condensed  in 
four  or  five  lines  on  each  elytron.  Head  very  finely,  sparsely  and  simply  punc- 
tate. Pronotum  short,  about  four  or  five  times  as  wide  as  long  at  middle ;  apical 
angles  large,  strongly  produced  and  very  acute ;  base  transverse ;  disk  im- 
punctate  or  with  verj^  few  fine  punctures,  in  about  lateral  fifth  feebly  rugulose, 
the  folds  short  or  w^avy,  and  moderately  coarse  and  well  separated  punctures. 
Infiexed  sides  of  the  elytra  sparsely  punctate,  the  punctures  small  and  slightly 
muricate.  Sterna  with  large  semicircular  punctures. 

Type  locality :  "Habitat  in  desertis  Colorado"^  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  desert  regions  of  California  east  of  the 
Sierra  Nevadas^ ;  Arizona,  and  Nevada^ ;  Lower  California :  entire  eastern 
side  of  the  peninsula,  and  at  San  Jose  del  Cabol 

Dr.  Horn's  determinations  cannot  always  be  relied  upon  for  he  w^as  very 
conservative  in  recognizing  new  species.  Other  authors  have  undoubtedly 
given  names  to  many  of  the  forms  that  he  believed  to  be  variations. 

(91)  Edrotes  desertus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  ovate,  robust,  moderately  inflated,  widest  near  middle  of  the  elytra, 
length  is  equal  to  the  width  of  the  pronotal  apex,  longer  than  wide.  Color 
nigro-piceous  to  ruf o-piceous ;  antennae  and  palpi  rufous,  labrum  more  or 
less  ruf  o-testaceous.  Pubescence  rather  inconspicuous,  not  dense,  pale  in  color ; 
hairs  long,  slender,  irregular  in  length  and  more  or  less  erect. 

Head  moderate  in  size,  widest  across  the  eyes,  about  three  times  as  wide  as 
length  of  pronotum  at  middle,  also  slightly  more  than  twice  as  wide  as  long 
before  the  post-ocular  line.  Frons  slightly  convex,  smooth  and  rather  dull  in 
luster ;  umbone  less  than  moderately  prominent,  evenly  convex  and  circular 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  213 

in  form;  sides  before  the  ej^es  subrectangular,  densely  and  rather  coarsely 
punctate  lateral  to  the  supra-ocular  carinae,  which  extend  anteriorly  to  the 
frontal  margin.  Eyes  small,  round  and  prominent. 

Pronotum  short,  transverse,  apex  deeply,  broadly  and  arcuately  emargi- 
nate;  sides  straight  and  very  moderately  convergent  anteriorly,  two-thirds 
longer  than  length  at  middle,  angles  very  prominent,  triangular  and  acute ; 
base  transverse,  scarcely  at  all  arcuate,  about  one-fourth  wider  than  apex, 
basal  angles  subrectangular.  Disk  rather  moderately  convex  from  side  to  side, 
coarsely  punctate  in  lateral  fifths,  intervening  surface  smooth  and  very 
sparsely  punctate,  punctures  small;  sides  not  beaded  in  basal  one-half  but 
arcuately  declivous,  margined  anteriorly  by  sides  of  the  angles. 

Elytra  strongly  convex,  base  equal  to  the  pronotal  base ;  sides  not  beaded 
iior  sharply  angulate,  but  arcuately  declivous  laterally  w^ith  the  plane  surface 
of  the  moderately  inflexed  sides;  arcuately  precipitous  apically.  Surface 
moderately  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  varying  somewhat  in  size,  irregular, 
separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  two  to  four  times  their  diameter;  viewed 
obliquely  from  behind  interrupted  series  are  irregularly  evident  in  part; 
inflexed  sides  densely  punctate,  punctures  moderately  coarse.  Epipleural 
margin  arcuate,  terminating  anteriorly  opposite  the  meta-coxae,  surface 
coarsely  punctate. 

Sterna  coarsely  punctate.  Punctures  of  the  mesepisterna  large,  in  close 
contact,  concave  and  for  the  most  part  entire,  few  with  their  posterior  mar- 
gins obsolescent ;  punctures  of  the  metepisterna  larger,  circular,  entire  and 
concave.  Mesepimera  narrow  and  impunctate. 

Abdomen  feebly  convex,  punctures  small  and  sparse.  First  ventral  segment 
on  the  middle  line  twice  as  long  as  the  second;  second  and  third  segments 
equal  in  length,  each  twice  as  long  as  the  fourth ;  fifth  two  and  one-half  times 
as  long  as  the  latter.  Legs  slender,  moderate  in  length.  Metatibiae  slightly 
shorter  than  their  femur,  and  twice  as  long  as  their  tarsi. 

Measurements:  (types)  Male:  length  8  mm.,  width  4.5  mm.;  Female: 
length  10  mm.,  width  5.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  5095,  and  allotype,  female.  No.  5096,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  from  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  Lower  California,  July  27, 
1938.  Fifty-one  paratypes  with  same  data,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross. 

(92)  Zopherodes  tristis  (LeConte) 

Zopherus  tristis  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  130%-  Horn,  1867,  Trans. 

Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  1 :  IGl^. 
Zopherodes  tristis  Casey,  1907,  Can.  Ent.,  39:  38^;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 

(4),  12:  243*. 

A  rather  widely  dispersed  species,  having  the  elytra  subcylindrical ;  pro- 
notal punctures  strong,  not  muricate,  irregular,  denser  and  coarser  at  the 
sides;  elytra  with  flat  elevations,  not  serial  and  without  interstitial  and 
smaller  elevations. 


214  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 


.''1 


Type  locality  :  "In  deserta  fluminis  Colorado' 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  Imperial  Valley 
at  Indio  and  Palm  Springs;  Arizona^:  Yuma,  Nogales,  Prescott,  Tucson, 
Phoenix,  Santa  Catalina  Mts.,  Florence  and  the  Tempe  Desert ;  Lower  Cali- 
fornia" :  Loreto*. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  5  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20 ;  10 
miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ;  Comondu,  July  22 ;  San  Domingo,  July 
19 ;  and  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25.  Nineteen  specimens  were 
obtained  bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  species  of  Zopherodes  occur  about  or  in  the  vicinity  of  dead  trees  or 
shrubs,  logs  and  stumps. 

(93)  Zopherodes  granicoUis  (Horn) 

Zopherus  granicolUs  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  160^;  — 1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  ScL,  (2),  4:  347^. 
Zopherodes  granicolUs  Casey,  1907,  Can.  Ent.,  39:  42. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  black,  surface  with  a  slight  velvety  luster.  Pro- 
notal  disk  moderately  convex  with  numerous  tubercles  regularly  and  mod- 
erately closely  placed  over  entire  surface,  each  tubercle  with  a  puncture  on 
its  posterior  aspect.  Elytra  regularly  oblong-oval,  not  wider  than  prothorax ; 
apex  tuber culate  each  side,  surface  with  numerous  tubercles,  each  with  a 
puncture  ^posteriorly.  Prosternum  coarsely  tuberculate.  Abdomen  very 
coarsely,  not  densely  punctate. 

Type  locality:  northern  Lower  California  near  boundary  line^  (Dr.  E. 
Palmer). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Arizona" ;  southern  California  :  Mt.  Wil- 
son and  San  Gabriel  Mts.,  San  Diego  County. 

(94)  Araeoschizus  limbatus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

(Plate  11,  fig.  2) 

Form  elongate,  moderately  slender,  slightly  more  than  three  times  as  long 
as  wide.  Color  dark  brown.  Head  somewhat  sparsely  squamulose,  marginal 
fringe  of  short,  closely  placed  scales.  Pronotal  and  elytral  margins  with  a 
fringe  of  very  close  and  regular  elongate  scales,  that  are  ferruginous  in  color 
throughout  the  superior  surface ;  paler  on  the  A^entral  surface  and  legs. 

Head  slightly  subovate  (pi.  11,  fig  2),  about  one-fourth  longer  than  wide, 
widest  before  the  eyes ;  sides  arcuately  converging  anteriorly  and  continu- 
ously so  with  the  epistomal  apex,  not  lobed,  very  feebly  subemarginate  at  the 
distinct  oblique  sutures ;  epistomal  apex  feebly  sinuato-subtruncate ;  behind 
the  eyes  sides  nearly  straight  and  moderately  converging  to  the  noticeably 
arcuate  and  broadly  rounded  basal  angles.  Frons  and  epistoma  feebly  convex, 
rather  sparsely  and  not  very  coarsely  punctate,  slightly  impressed  on  the 
oblique  sutures,  supra-antennal  convexities  small  and  somewhat  more  convex ; 
supraciliary  carinae  arcuate  and  fringed  with  erect  scales ;  surface  notice- 
ably canaliculate  on  the  median  line  in  about  basal  one-half,  becoming  feebly 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  215 

flattened  on  the  occiput  and  not  sharply  defined  from  the  cervical  condyle. 
Eyes  completely  divided  by  the  continuity  of  the  canthi,  facets  rather  coarse 
and  strongly  convex,  differing  somewhat  in  the  sexes. 

Pronotum  relatively  small,  widest  in  the  anterior  one-half,  a  little  longer 
than  wide,  and  less  than  one-fourth  of  its  width  narrower  than  the  head; 
sides  arcuate  anteriorly,  broadly  sinuate,  parallel  and  convergent  in  basal 
fourth;  surface  rather  coarsely  and  somewhat  densely  punctate;  two  fine, 
straight  and  parallel  costae  extend  from  apex  to  base,  intervening  surface 
slightly  concave,  each  with  a  fringe  of  rather  elongate  scales ;  the  latter  very 
close-set  obscure  the  broadly  arcuate  apex  and  narrower  base. 

Elytra  elongate  subfusiform-oval,  slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide, 
nearly  three  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  about  twice  as  wide  as  head,  and 
nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  pronotum;  each  elytron  with  three  costiform 
ridges,  intervals  flat,  each  with  two  rows  of  very  coarse  punctures  and  sparsely 
placed,  slender  scales  between  the  rows  of  punctures,  sutural  margins  flat. 

Body  beneath  coarsely  and  closely  punctate,  each  puncture  with  an  elongate 
scale.  Legs  moderate  in  stoutness  and  length ;  femora  unarmed. 

Male :  smaller  and  somewhat  narrower.  Sides  of  head  nearly  straight  pos- 
teriorly. Superior  lobes  of  eyes  with  about*twenty-five  facets,  the  inferior  lobe 
with  four  or  five. 

Female :  usually  larger.  Sides  of  the  head  behind  the  eyes  more  arcuate. 
Superior  lobe  of  eyes  with  about  twenty  facets,  inferior  lobe  apparently 
atrophic  and  not  distinctly  evident. 

Measurements:  (types)  length  4.5-5.0  mm.,  width  1.2-1.4  mm. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  5086,  and  allotype,  No.  5087,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
Ent.,  collected  at  Todos  Santos,  Lower  California,  July  15,  1938,  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross.  Three  specimens,  one  a  paratype,  with  same  data. 

(95)  Araeoschizus  antennatus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

(Platell,  figs.  Iand4) 

Form  elongate,  moderately  slender.  Color  dark  reddish  brown. 

Head  one-fourth  longer  than  wide,  widest  across  the  front  over  the  anten- 
nal  insertions  (pi.  11,  fig.  1)  ;  epistoma  broadly  arcuate  at  apex  between  the 
slight  emargination  at  the  oblique  sutures,  surface  impressed  along  the  latter, 
defining  the  lateral  lobes  apicall}^,  sides  of  which  are  broadly  arcuate  and  the 
surface  convex  before  the  eyes,  thence  straight  and  converging  posteriorly  to 
the  well  rounded  occipital  angles ;  frons  and  epistoma  less  than  moderately 
convex,  occiput  broadl}^  and  feebly  impressed,  not  defined  from  the  neck  and 
not  canaliculate  on  the  median  line ;  supra-orbital  ridge  rather  thin  and 
sharp,  bearing  a  row^  of  erect  scales.  Superior  lobe  of  the  eyes  moderately 
sunken,  rather  large,  consisting  apparently  of  about  twenty  facets;  surround- 
ing surface  slightly  impressed  before  and  behind  the  lobe,  as  well  as  medial 
at  base  of  the  orbital  ridge.  Surface  densel}^  punctate,  punctures  rather  small, 
irregular,  smallest  and  less  impressed  on  the  epistoma.  Antennae  compara- 


216  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

tively  slender,  about  attaining  the  pronotal  base ;  segments  three  to  nine  inclu- 
sive clothed  with  elongate,  yellowish  scales  that  appear  more  conspicuous  at 
the  sides  of  the  segments  than  dorsally  or  ventrally,  those  of  the  seventh, 
eighth,  and  ninth  segments  are  slender  and  more  evenly  spaced ;  form  of  the 
segments  are  quite  obvious,  first  and  second  elongate  and  stout,  slightly  obcon- 
ical  and  twice  as  long  as  wide  at  apex ;  third  rather  obconico-spherical,  about 
as  wide  as  long  and  as  wide  as  the  apex  of  the  second,  fourth  similar  in  form 
and  noticeably  a  little  smaller,  fifth  similar  and  still  smaller ;  segments  six  to 
nine  inclusive  of  about  equal  size  and  more  evidently  obconical,  as  long  as 
wide  at  apex;  tenth  obconical,  eleventh  small,  subspherical  and  received 
rather  deeply  in  the  apex  of  the  tenth,  both  invested  with  fine,  ashy  pubes- 
cence, the  tenth  only  at  apex,  the  two  forming  a  suboval  club,  twice  as  long 
as  wide.  Scales  of  the  second  segment  smaller  and  more  evenly  placed. 

Fronotiun  relatively  small,  widest  and  the  sides  arcuate  before  the  middle 
(pi.  11,  fig.  4),  and  convergent  behind  the  middle,  straight  and  parallel  in 
basal  fourth,  apical  angles  broadly  rounded  with  the  sub-bisinuate  apex; 
surface  with  two  parallel  costae  from  apex  to  the  transverse  base,  the  inter- 
vening surface  concave,  densely  punctate,  punctures  rather  coarse  and  more 
or  less  confluent.  Margins  with  an  even  fringe  of  flat,  oblong  scales,  densely 
so  at  base ;  scales  of  the  costae  smaller  and  less  obvious. 

Elytra  subfusif orm  oval,  one  and  three-fourths  times  as  long  as  wide,  three 
times  as  long  as  the  pronotum  and  about  two  and  one-fourth  times  as  long  as 
the  head.  Each  elytron  with  three  costae,  sutural  margins  not  raised,  intervals 
with  double  rows  of  large  punctures,  the  intervals  between  them  flat  and  with 
a  single  row  of  evenly  spaced,  smaller  scales.  Elytral  margins  throughout,  and 
the  summits  of  the  costae  with  a  regular  even  row  of  elongate,  erect  scales, 
which  are  subclavif orm  to  oblong  and  with  their  apices  bent  posteriorly. 

Under  surface  of  body  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  of  abdomen  circular, 
shallow,  each  with  a  subrecumbent  elongate  scale.  Femora  wdthout  denticles. 

Measurements  :  (type)  length  4.5  mm.,  width  1.4  mm. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  5085,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross,  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21. 

The  species  of  Araeoschizus  occur  under  stones  and  other  objects  on  the 
ground,  especiallj^  in  the  vicinity  of  ants'  nests  and  with  the  ants. 

(96)  Dacoderus  striaticeps  LeConte 

Dacodents  striaticeps  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  75^;  Thomson,  1859, 
Arcana  Nat.,  123,  pi.  12,  fig.  6 ;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc, 
14 :  275-,  pi.  14,  fig.  16  ;  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  494  ;  LeConte  and  Horn, 
1883,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  507,  p.  365^ 

A  small,  elongate,  slender  and  depressed  species,  having  the  anterior  coxae 
contiguous.  Color  dark  castaneous,  surface  glabrous  and  polished.  Head  with 
the  eyes  posterior,  frons  longitudinally  plicate,  flat,  excavated  anteriorly. 
Prothorax  elongate,  widest  near  apex,  the  latter  briefly  tubulate;  base  arcu- 
ate, sides  prominent  anteriorly,  strongly  constricted  at  middle  with  a  tubercle 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  217 

on  each  side  bridging  the  constriction,  surface  plicate  except  laterally.  Elytral 
surface  fiat,  abruptly  almost  vertical  at  the  sides,  feebly  elevated  each  side  of 
suture,  general  surface  with  coarse  and  elongate  punctures. 

Type  locality :  Fort  Yuma\  Arizona. 

Recorded  distribution :  southern  California  at  Vallecito  to  Fort  Grant ; 
Arizona'^ :  junction  of  the  Colorado  and  Gila  rivers'',  Tucson  ( Wickham)  ; 
Gulf  of  California :  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island. 

Xew  records :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21. 
Three  specimens  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  species  occurs  under  stones  in  dry  places  (Horn)  and  about  ants'  nests. 

(97)  Batuliodes  rotundicollis  (LeConte) 

Batulius  rotundicollis  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat,  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  148^;  Horn,  1870, 
Revis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  270%-  —  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2),  4:  347=^. 

Batuliodes  rotundicollis  (LeConte),  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  9:  500*. 

A  small  species  (2.3  mm.) ,  evenly  convex,  glabrous  and  polished.  Color  pale 
brownish  testaceous.  Head  rather  coarsely,  closely  and  roughly  punctate,  each 
puncture  attended  by  a  feeble  external  carina.  Pronotum  with  sides  strongly 
arcuate,  surface  rather  coarsely,  sparsely,  simply  perforato-punctate,  most 
densely  so  laterally.  Elytra  equal  to  pronotal  width,  surface  with  regular 
unimpressed  series  of  small  punctures,  each  attended  anteriorly  by  a  fine 
carina  extending  to  almost  the  next  puncture. 

Type  locality:  "Vallecitas  et  Gila"^  (LeConte). 

Recorded  distribution :  deserts  of  the  Gila" ;  southern  California' ;  Lower 
California'  (Ulke), 

Dr.  Horn  has  stated  that  the  color  is  testaceous.  The  species  is  not  at  hand. 
Specimens  of  Batulius  setosus  LeConte  in  the  collection  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences  are  black  and  j)olished  and  given  as  occurring  in  the 
desert  of  the  Gila  River,  Arizona. 

(98)  Anepsius  delicatulus  LeConte 

Anepsius  delicatulus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  148^;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  277,  pi.  14,  fig.  18;  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  9 :  506^. 

Type  locality :  Vallecitos\  San  Diego  County,  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  vicinity  of  San 
Diego",  Colorado  River  region,  Kings  County,  Inyo  County,  Bishop  and 
Owens  Valley ;  Arizona :  Gila  River  region. 

New  record :  Hamilton  Ranch,  Lower  California,  August.  One  immature 
specimen  obtained  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Casey  states  that  the  eyes  are  completely  divided.  An  examination  of  a 
series  from  San  Diego  shows  that  they  may  or  may  not  be  entirely  divided; 
there  may  be  but  one  or  two  facets  between  the  processes  of  the  anterior  and 
posterior  canthi. 


218  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(99)  Anepsius  confluens  Blaisdell 
Anepsius  confluens  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  243\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  convex,  width  of  prothorax  and  elytra  quite  equal.  Color 
nigro-piceous  to  black,  beneath  piceo-rufous,  antennae  and  border  of  head 
ferruginous,  luster  dull.  Head  closely  punctate,  punctures  denser  laterally 
with  a  tendency  to  form  a  short  carinule  alongside  of  each  puncture.  Pronotal 
base  scarcely  truncate,  basal  angles  small,  rectangular  and  rather  acutely 
prominent ;  discal  punctures  small,  perforate,  sparser  centrally,  larger  later- 
ally, more  oval  and  longitudinally  confluent  with  intervals  rugiform.  Elytra 
evenly  convex,  punctures  small,  slightly  quadrate  in  close-set,  even  series 
throughout,  alternate  series  laterally  developing  carinules.  Prothoracic  sides 
finely  rugulose.  Confluens  is  very  distinct  in  its  acute,  basal  pronotal  angles 
from  any  congeneric  species  thus  far  described. 

Type  locality :  Isla  Partida\  Gulf  of  California. 

Type  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1151,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
April  22, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee). 

(100)  Anepsius  angulatus  Blaisdell 

Anepsius  angulatus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  244\ 

A  small  species  differing  from  confluens  Blaisdell  in  having  a  more  shallow 
and  not  perforate  punctation  of  the  elytra ;  the  punctures  become  indistinct 
laterally  between  the  linear  carinules. 

Type  locality:  Loreto\  Lower  California  (Jos.  C.  Chamberlin). 

Type  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1152,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin,  May  20, 1921. 

New  record :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21. 
One  perfect  specimen  and  fragments  of  two  others  were  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

(101)  Centrioptera  spiculifera  LeConte 

(Plate  11,  figs.  Handle) 

Centrioptera  spiculifera  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  337^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  279;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  (4),  12:  245. 

The  largest  species  of  the  genus,  quickly  recognized  by  the  well  developed 
spiculae  at  sides  and  apical  declivity  of  the  elytra.  The  second,  third,  and 
fourth  abdominal  segments  nearly  impunctate,  widely  scattered  punctules 
are  present.  Mentum  very  coarsely  punctate  and  simply  convex  at  middle.  In 
the  species  of  Centrioptera  the  eleventh  antennal  segment  is  ovate  (pi.  11, 
figs.  11  and  16). 

Type  locality :  peninsula  of  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer) , 
San  Antonio,  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Cape  San  Lucas  (Craig),  La  Paz;  Pacific 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  219 

coastal  island:  Santa  Margarita;  Gulf  of  California:  Espiritu  Santo,  and 
Monserrate  Island  (Chamberlin). 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  15  miles 
north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4;  Venacio,  July  17  ;  Santiago,  July  8 ;  3  miles  north 
of  San  Pedro,  July  6  ;  Triunfo,  July  13  ;  and  Magdalena  Bay,  July  19.  A  series 
of  forty-eight  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

There  is  some  variation  in  form,  chiefly  in  the  shortening  of  the  body,  so 
that  the  f  acies  resembles  that  of  the  shorter  species. 

(102)  Centrioptera  asperata  Horn 

Centrioptera  asperata  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   279^; 
BLAISDELL,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  248-. 

In  typical  asperata  the  mesosternum  and  metasternum  are  on  the  same 
plane.  Elytra  flattened  on  the  disk  and  sculptured  with  series  of  elevated  and 
more  or  less  acute  tubercles  that  become  scarcely  asperate  posteriorly.  In 
typical  specimens  the  base  of  the  tubercles  become  more  or  less  continuous 
across  the  intervals. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Loreto,  San  Pedro 
and  San  Antonio ;  Gulf  of  California :  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Puerto  Bal- 
lanclra.  Carmen  Island,  Ceralbo  Island  and  San  Diego  Island. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29 ; 
20,  and  22  miles  north  of  Comondu,  Juty  23 ;  and  Triunfo,  July  13.  Seventy- 
three  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Three  varieties  have  been  described,  based  on  the  variation  in  sculpturing, 
as  follows : 

Var.  discreta  Blaisdell".  Form  similar  to  asperata.  Elytral  tubercles  dis- 
crete, distinctly  separated;  intervals  with  a  series  of  small  widely  spaced 
granules. 

Type  locality :  Salinas  Bay,  Carmen  Island,  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Gulf  of  California :  Puerto  Ballandra, 
Carmen  Island,  Coronados  Islands ;  San  Diego  Island,  San  Jose  Island,  Espi- 
ritu Santo  and  San  Francisco  Islands. 

Var.  subornata  BlaisclelF.  Elytra  less  strongly  sculptured,  central  area 
serially  punctate;  tubercles  not  strongly  developed. 

Type  locality  :  West  Galeras  Island,  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  Gulf  of  California :  Ceralbo,  Santa  Catalina  and 
Monserrate  Islands.  Escondido  Bay,  Lower  California. 

Var.  planata  Blaisdell".  Form  more  elong-ate.  Elytra  more  strongly  sculp- 
tured, tubercles  discrete  or  coalescing  at  base  across  the  intervals. 

Type  locality :  Ildefonso  Island,  Gulf  of  California.  Appears  to  be  peculiar 
to  the  island. 

In  all  probability  further  and  more  extensive  collections  may  reveal  other 
varieties  equally  well  grounded. 


220  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(103)  Centrioptera  sculptiventris  Blaisdell 

Centrioptera  sculptiventris  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  247\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  subparallel.  Color  black,  luster  more  or  less  dull.  Can  be 
recognized  b}'  the  strongly  sculptured  under  surface  of  the  body.  The  inter- 
coxal  process  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  is  coarsely  rugose.  The  mentum 
cordate  and  distinctly  carinate  at  middle. 

Type  locality  :  Sonoran  coast  at  San  Pedro  Bay\  Mexico. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1155,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1156,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  July  7,  1923.  Two  paratypes  with 
same  data. 

In  sculptiventris  the  elytra  are  oblong  and  twice  as  long  as  wide ;  striae  of 
punctures  are  evident  and  simple  in  the  sutural  area,  the  interstitial  series 
become  gradually  converted  into  short  spiculae  at  the  sides  and  on  the  apical 
declivitv. 

(104)  Centrioptera  pectoralis  Blaisdell 

Centrioptera  pectoralis  Blaisdell,  1921,  Stanford  Univ.  Publ.,  Univ.  Ser.,  Biol.  Sci.,  1, 
No.  3,  p.  198^ 

This  species  is  more  elongate  and  narrower  than  spiculifera,  which  it  re- 
sembles in  size.  The  elytral  spicules  are  shorter  and  the  abdominal  punctures 
larger,  sharply  defined  and  very  sparse.  In  spiculifera  the  abdominal  seg- 
ments two,  three,  and  four  are  extremely  sparsely  and  more  or  less  obsoletely 
punctulate. 

Type  locality :  San  Benito  Island,  off  the  west  coast  of  Lower  California 
(F.  X.  Williams,  Galapagos  Expedition) . 

Recorded  distribution :  Cedros  Island^  one  of  the  Pacific  coastal  group 
(Hanna  and  Slevin). 

New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  west  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  24 ; 
20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  and  San  Fernando,  July  31.  Seven  speci- 
mens collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(105)  Centrioptera  muricata  LeConte 

Centrioptera  muricata  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  142^;  Horn,  1870, 
Revis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  279^; — 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2),  4:  348^ 

Head  and  pronotum  smooth,  finely  and  sparsely  punctate,  both  more 
coarsely  punctate  laterally.  Mentum  nearly  smooth,  with  a  longitudinal 
median  carina.  Prosternal  process  produced  behind  the  coxae.  Elytra  with 
series  of  more  or  less  evident  tubercles  which  become  spiculate  at  sides  and 
apex.  Hind  femora  more  or  less  denticulate  within. 

Type  locality :  "Desertis  Colorado"^  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California  in  the  desert  re- 
gions^ ;  Arizona  at  Yuma ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo^,  Lower  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  221 

(106)  Oentrioptera  variolosa  Horn 

Centrioptera  variolosa  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr,,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  280\ 
pi.  15,  fig.  25;— 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  14:  348^;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  250^. 

Head  and  pronotal  disk  very  coarsely  punctate.  Pronotal  basal  angles  not 
everted  nor  the  margin  reflexed.  Prosternal  intercoxal  process  produced 
behind  the  coxae.  Elytra  with  regular  series  of  more  or  less  flattened  tubercles, 
each  slightly  acute  posteriorly  but  not  spiculate. 

Type  locality  :  Fort  Grant,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Arizona ;  San  Pedro  Bay,  Sonoran 
coast,  Mexico ;  Lower  California  :  San  Francisquito^  and  at  San  Carlos  Bay^ ; 
Gulf  of  California  :  Patos  and  Tiburon  Islands^ 

(107)  Centrioptera  seriata  (LeConte) 

Cryptoglossa  seriata  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phila.,  p.  337\ 
Oochila  seriata  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  140:  59. 

Centrioptera  seriata,  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  PMlos.  Soc.  14:  279; 
Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  247. 

Seriata  can  be  quickly  recognized  by  the  prosternal  process  being  distinctly 
truncate  and  not  produced  behind  the  coxae.  The  elytra  are  scarcely  spicu- 
liferous,  the  body  surface  is  shining  and  smoother  than  in  the  other  species. 

Tj^pe  locality  :  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  Arizona;  Nevada;  and  southern  Cali- 
fornia (Horn)  ;  Lower  California  :  Santa  Rosa,  San  Pedro,  San  Antonio,  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn)  ;  Ceralbo  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  June  7  (Cham- 
berlin  and  Van  Duzee) . 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6  ;  6  and 
10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  June  9 ;  Miraflores,  July  8 ;  and  5 
miles  south,  July  10 ;  Triunfo,  July  13  ;  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13. 
Fortj'-five  examples  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(108)  Centrioptera  chamberlini  Blaisdell 

Centrioptera  chamberlini  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  246^ 

Form  elongate-oblong.  Color  deep  black,  luster  more  or  less  shining.  Head 
and  pronotum  smooth,  sparsely  and  finely  punctulate  in  the  central  area,  a 
few  coarser  punctures  at  the  sides.  Mentum  coarsely  punctate,  subcarinate  at 
middle  and  obliquely  impresed  laterally.  Basal  pronotal  angles  not  everted 
nor  the  margin  reflexed.  Elytra  with  a  series  of  more  or  less  evident  tubercles, 
which  become  spiculate  at  the  sides  and  on  the  apical  declivity.  Prosternal 
process  produced  behind  the  coxae;  mesosternum  and  metasternum  on  the 
same  horizontal  plane.  Abdomen  glabrous,  with  widely  scattered  very  small 
punctures ;  fifth  ventral  coarsely  punctate. 

Type  locality  :  Sal  si  Puecles  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 


222  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1153,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1154,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Eiit.,  collected  May  9, 1921,  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Sal  si  Puedes  and  San  Lorenzo  Islands^ 
Gulf  of  California. 

(109)  Centrioptera  michelbacheri  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  robust,  about  two  and  seven-tenths  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color  deep 
black,  luster  dull  to  more  or  less  shining. 

Head  moderate  in  size,  the  frontal-epistomal  margin  quite  evenly  arcuate 
from  eye  to  eye ;  sides  feebly  flattened  before  the  eyes,  surface  centrally  on 
the  frontal  suture  slightly  and  broadly  impressed,  oblique  sutures  fine  and 
more  or  less  feebly  indicated.  Frons  toward  and  at  the  vertex  slightly  convex, 
punctures  discrete,  moderate  in  size,  very  irregular,  denser  throughout  the 
periphery  and  extremely  sparse  between  the  eyes ;  surface  of  the  epistoma  is 
impunctate  in  a  large  triangular  area.  Antennae  slender  and  not  incrassate, 
in  length  extending  beyond  the  pronotal  base. 

Pronotum  about  one-fifth  wider  than  long,  apex  truncate  between  the 
oblique  inner  margins  of  the  anteriorly  prominent  and  acute  angles;  sides 
broadly  and  evenly  arcuate  in  anterior  four-fifths,  widest  before  the  middle, 
sinuate  and  briefly  parallel  before  the  base,  angles  rectangular;  base  very 
feebly  and  broadly  truncato-emarginate,  quite  equal  to  width  of  apex,  nar- 
rowly and  evenly  beaded,  bead  flat.  Disk  moderately  and  evenly  convex,  very 
finely,  sparsely  and  obsoletely  punctulate,  punctures  larger  and  more  distinct 
near  the  sides,  the  immediate  submarginal  area  punctato-rugose,  the  margin 
very  finely  subcrenulate. 

Elytra  one-half  longer  than  wide,  base  equal  to  that  of  the  pronotum^ 
humeri  obsolete ;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  apex  obtusely  rounded ;  disk  mod- 
erately convex,  laterally  rather  broadly  and  arcuately  declivous  and  inflexed^ 
arcuately  precipitous  at  apex;  surface  with  striae  of  rather  small  punctures, 
equal  in  size,  and  closely  placed ;  those  of  the  intervals  very  sparse  and  quite 
irregular  near  base ;  punctures  of  the  disk  not  at  all  muricate,  becoming  dis- 
tinctly^ muricate  and  spiculiferous  on  the  declivous  sides,  usually  with  only 
the  one  lateral  series  of  spicules  entire. 

Prosternuni  almost  impunctate  anteriorly,  intercoxal  process  coarsel}^  and 
densely  punctate;  hypopleurae  irregularly  so,  punctures  moderately  strong 
and  somewhat  eroded.  Mesosternum  moderately  declivous,  densely  punctate 
as  are  the  parapleurae;  central  area  of  the  metasternum  impunctate.  First 
and  fifth  abdominal  segments  densely  punctate,  intermediate  segments  very 
sparsely  so  and  smooth.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness,  densely  sculp- 
tured. 

Measurements  :  length  27  mm.,  width  10  mm. 

Holotype  of  undetermined  sex,  No.  5067,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Hoss,  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  Lower 
California,  July  25,  1938.  Seven  paratypes  with  the  same  data. 


YoL.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  223 

The  species  is  to  be  distinguished  from  spiculifera  LeConte  by  its  shorter 
form,  simple  punctures  of  the  elytral  disk,  the  spicules  being  confined  to  the 
declivous  sides,  with  usually  but  one  entire  series  of  well  developed  spicules. 
In  pectoralis  and  chamherlini  the  form  is  more  elongate  and  narrower. 

(110)  Cryptoglossa  verrucosa  LeConte 

(Plate  11,  figs.  10  and  17) 

Cryptoglossa  verrucosa  LeConte  (Asholus),  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  129^; 
Lacordaire,  1859,  Genera  des  Coleopt.,  5.  1st.  pt.,  p.  138;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  280. 

A  common  and  moderately  large,  opaque  and  more  or  less  pruinose  species. 
The  elytra  have  nine  series  of  rather  large  and  subacute  tubercles. 

Type  locality  :  "In  desertis  fiuminis  Colorado"\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California  :  Mohave  and  Colo- 
rado deserts  (Fall)  ;  Arizona  ;  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Fuchs)  ? 
The  species  undoubtedly  occurs  in  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula. 

In  the  species  of  Cryptoglossa  the  antennae  are  compressed  and  the  eleventh 
segment  is  short  and  transverse  (pi.  11,  figs.  10  and  17) .  The  author  has  never 
seen  specimens  from  the  peninsula.  An  undescribed  subspecies  occurs  in  Death 
Valley,  Inyo  County,  that  has  short  carinules  instead  of  tubercles  on  the  cen- 
tral area  of  the  elytral  disk  and  the  pronotal  impressions  are  very  feeble.  In 
the  Ajo  Mts.  of  southern  Arizona  is  an  extreme  form,  having  the  elytral  tuber- 
cles extremely  strongly  developed  even  in  the  sutural  area ;  the  pronotal  im- 
pressions are  correspondingly  strong. 

(111)  Cryptoglossa  angularis  (Horn) 

Centrioptera  angularis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  414^,  pi.  4,  fig.  4. 

In  the  type  the  head  is  missing  and  Dr.  Horn  w^as  in  doubt  as  to  which  genus 
it  should  be  placed  in,  Cryptoglossa  or  Centrioptera.  Correctly  identified 
specimens  at  hand  have  the  antennae  compressed  and  the  terminal  segment 
is  short  and  transverse,  and  besides  the  facies  are  more  in  accord  with  those 
of  Cryptoglossa.  The  elytra  are  oval,  the  surface  subsulcate,  with  small  dis- 
tinct murications  in  the  grooves;  the  intervals  more  convex  and  distinctly 
muricate  especially  at  the  sides ;  the  apical  surface  is  gradually  declivous. 

Type  locality :  El  Paraiso\  Lower  California. 

Type  No.  109,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Santiago  and  La  Paz,  Low^er  California. 

New  record:  Catavina,  Lower  California,  June  6.  One  specimen  of  this 
rare  and  interesting  species  was  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(112)  Cryptoglossa  granulif era  Champion 

Cryptoglossa  granulifera  Champion,  1892,  Biol.  Centr.  Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4:  Pt.  1,  508^; 
BLAISDELL,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  252. 

Color  black,  luster  rather  dull.  The  species  differs  from  verrucosa  LeConte 


224  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

and  laevis  LeConte  in  having  the  elytral  intervals  with  a  row  of  widely  spaced 
granular  elevations,  which  become  a  little  coarser  toward  the  sides ;  the  first 
interval  of  each  elytron  is  without  elevations.  In  angularis  Horn  the  elytral 
intervals  are  elevated  and  moderately  coarsely  muricate  to  subspiculate  lat- 
erally. The  body  surface  is  smooth  in  laevis. 

Type  locality :  Villa  Lerdo  in  Durango"^  (Hoge) ,  Mexico. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Gulf  of  California  :  Mejia  Island,  May  3 
(Jos.  C.  Chamberlin)  ;  Isla  Partida,  June  26  (Virgil  Owen),  expedition  of 
1921. 

(113)  Craniotus  pubescens  LeConte 

Craniotus  pubescens  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  142^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  258^;  Casey,  1907,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci., 
9:  4593 ;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  242*. 

Form  elongate,  convex,  elytra  somewhat  inflated.  Color  black  to  brownish, 
antennae  and  legs  rufo-piceous.  Pubescence  rather  short,  abundant,  ashy  and 
subdecumbent,  with  few,  longer,  erect  hairs.  A  species  easily  recognized  by 
the  very  prominent  triangular  lateral  lobes  of  the  head,  very  short  and  broadly 
emarginate  epistomal  lobe.  Antennae  longer  than  the  head  and  pronotum. 
Prothorax  subcylindrical,  very  convex  and  without  lateral  marginal  beads. 
Epipleurae  and  elytra  connate  without  trace  of  suture.  Elytra  each  with  three 
lines  of  sparser  pubescence. 

Type  locality :  "Vallecitas"\  San  Diego  County,  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  California  :  Colorado  Desert' ;  Arizona : 
Maricopa  Desert^ ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Isla  Partida*. 

(114)  Pycnonotida  inaequalis  (LeConte) 

Microschatia  inaequalis  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  129^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  282^; — 1893,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.,  Soc, 
20:  141. 

Pycnonotida  inaequalis,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  91*. 

In  inaequalis  the  prothorax  is  narrower  at  base  than  at  middle,  basal  angles 
not  overlapping  the  humeri ;  propleurae  coarsely  granulate,  epipleurae  well 
defined.  Pronotal  disk  densely  granulate,  middle  of  base  depressed.  Elytral 
sculpture  of  intricate  elevations  with  punctate  intervals. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego\  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  San  Diego  to 
Tejon,  and  some  places  along  the  Coast  Ranged  San  Diego  eastward",  vicinity 
of  San  Diego* ;  Lower  California  :  San  Pedro  Martir  (Horn) . 

New  records :  Rosarito  Beach,  Lower  California,  April  5.  One  female  speci- 
men collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  In  the  collection  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences,  there  are  specimens  collected  at  Riverside,  San  Ber- 
nardino County,  March  10  (Van  Dyke),  and  at  Poway,  San  Diego  County 
(Blaisdell). 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  225 

Dr.  Geo.  Horn  considered  Microschatia  puncticollis  LeConte  as  a  synonym. 
In  the  material  at  hand  it  appears  to  be  a  variety  or  possibly  a  subspecies 
as  follows : 

1851,  Ann.  Lye.  N.  Y.,  5  :  120.  Surface  more  shining  and  the  pronotal  disk 
densely  varioloso-punctate,  otherwise  similar  to  inaequalis  (LeConte). 

Type  locality:  Warner's  Ranch,  San  Diego  County,  California. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Punta  Banda,  Januar}^  23,  1935  (Harbi- 
son). Gulf  of  California :  South  San  Todos  Island,  May  25  (J.  E.  Slevin). 

(115)  Microschatia  championi  Horn 

MicroscJiatia  punctata  Horn  (in  error),  1870.  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc, 

14:  282\ 
MicroscJiatia  cliampioni  Horn,  1893,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent,  Soc,  20 :  140 ;  Casey,  1912,  Mem. 

Coleopt.,  3,  p.  94. 

Form  oblong,  pronotum  narrower  at  base  than  at  middle,  basal  angles  not 
overlapping  the  humeri.  Pronotal  disk  convex,  quite  smooth  and  strongly  im- 
pressed at  base.  Elytral  surface  with  coarse,  not  closely  placed  punctures  in 
striae;  inner  intervals  smooth,  flat,  laterally  confused  and  intervals  convex. 
Epipleurae  distinct  throughout.  Abdominal  punctures  coarser  at  base. 

Type  locality:  peninsula  of  Lower  California^  (Wm.  Gabb). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  desert  of  southern  California  (Fenyes 
coll.).  Identification  somewhat  dubious. 

(116)  Pelecyphorus  aegrotus  (LeConte) 

Asida  (Pelecypliorus)  aegrotus  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  337^;  Horn, 
1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  283,  pi.  15,  fig.  5;  Fall,  1901,  Occas. 
Papers.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8 :  164^. 

This  strongly  sculptured  species  has  the  elytra  suddenly  declivous  and  at- 
tenuated at  apex,  sides  margined ;  disk  with  one  costa  on  each  elytron,  extend- 
ing from  base  and  ending  in  an  acute  spine  apically,  the  intervals  transversely 
rugose. 

Type  locality :  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  Santa  Rosa,  San  An- 
tonio, San  Pedro,  Cape  San  Lucas,  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn)  ;  desert 
region  of  southern  California". 

New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  north  of  Comonclu,  July  23 ; 
Triunf 0,  July  13  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19  ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July 
4 ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ;  and  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July 
13.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  obtained  thirty-two  specimens  of  this  fine  species. 

(117)  Pelecyphorus  morbillosus  (LeConte) 

Asida  (Pelecyphorus)  morbillosus  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PMla.,  9:  74%- 
Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  284;— 1894,  Proc.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  348-. 

Pelecypliorus  morMllosus  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  109. 


226  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

A  species  resembling  aegrota  LeConte.  Pronotal  base  truncate  and  the 
angles  rectangular.  Elytra  sculptured  as  in  aegrota,  the  costae  do  not  end  in 
a  spine  at  the  apical  declivity;  humeral  angles  as  if  the  basal  margin  is  pro- 
duced and  dentiform. 

Type  locality :  Sonora\  Mexico  (Morrison) . 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Arizona :  Fort  Grant,  Tombstone,  Cave 
City,  and  Huachuca,  Chiricahua  and  Washington  Mts. ;  Lower  California : 
San  Jose  del  Cabo". 

(118)  Parasida  sexcostata  (LeConte) 

Pelecyphorus  sexcostatus  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila.,  p.  337^. 

Asida  (Pelecyphorus)  sexcostata,  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  285, 

pi.  15,  fig.  9. 
Parasida  sexcostata,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  130, 

A  species  of  sordid  black  color  and  sparsely  pubescent.  Pronotum  a  little 
wider  than  long,  surface  rather  flat,  sides  broadly  rounded  and  narrowly  re- 
flexed,  basal  angles  acute  and  slightly  prominent  posteriorly.  Elytra  elongate- 
oval,  with  two  discal  costae  each,  the  internal  entire,  the  external  shorter  and 
abbreviated  at  each  end  acutely  elevated ;  lateral  margins  serrulate. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  and  Magdalena  Island  (Horn),  Pacific 
coastal  group. 

New  record :  Triunfo,  Lower  California,  July  13.  Michelbacher  and  Ross 
secured  a  pair. 

(119)  Stenomorpha  convexa  (LeConte) 

Euschides  convexus  LeConte,  1859,  Smiths.  Contr.,  p.  14^,  pi.  1,  fig.  10;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 

Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  287-;  — 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  2,  4:  348=^; 

Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3, 159^ 
Stenomorpha  convexa,  Gebien,  1937,  Kat.  Tenebr.,  1,  206. 

Form  ovate,  color  black  and  more  or  less  shining.  Head  transversely  im- 
pressed. Pronotum  finely  and  sparsely  punctate  ;  sides  arcuate,  margins  punc- 
tate and  narrowly  reflexed,  apical  angles  acute,  the  basal  obtuse  and  not 
rounded ;  disk  moderately  convex.  Elytra  convex  from  side  to  side,  strongly 
declivous  apically ;  humeral  angles  slightly  prominent. 

Type  locality :  ''Arkansas  River  near  the  mountains.'" 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Arizona  and  New  Mexico"" ;  Colorado 
and  Western  Kansas* ;  Lower  California  at  Sierra  El  Chinche^ ;  Mexico. 

In  convexa  the  elytral  sides  are  rounded  and  not  margined,  except  briefly 
at  the  humeri. 

(120)  Stenomorpha  tumidicollis  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  subovate,  somewhat  robust,  slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide 
across  the  middle  of  the  elytra.  Color  deep  black,  surface  very  smooth  and 
shining.  Impunctate  except  on  the  head  and  sides  of  prothorax.  Pubescence 
entirely  absent. 


YOL.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  227 

Head  relatively  small,  widest  before  the  eyes,  where  it  is  twice  as  wide  as 
long*  before  the  post-ocular  line,  the  epistoma  included ;  sides  subparallel, 
slightly  convergent  thence  in  apical  one-third  curving  strongly  inward  to  the 
position  of  the  oblique  sutures,  and  there  rather  broadly  emarginate  with  the 
straight  and  converging  sides  of  the  epistoma,  the  latter  broadly  but  rather 
feebly  emarginate  at  apex,  angles  well  rounded.  Frons  irregularly  convex, 
and  with  a  median  tumid  arcuation,  enclosing  a  small  triangular  impression 
that  opens  anteriorly ;  broadly  impressed  on  the  frontal  suture,  less  so  within 
the  sides ;  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  small,  denser  on  the  epistoma  and  sides 
over  the  antennal  insertions.  Antennae  slender,  moderately  short  and  not  at- 
taining the  base  of  the  prothoracic  sides. 

Pronotum  a  little  wider  than  long,  widest  at  middle,  apex  deeply  and  arcu- 
ately  emarginate,  angles  moderately  large,  acute  and  anteriorly  prominent ; 
sides  strongh^  arcuate,  somewhat  straighter  posteriorly,  and  very  slightly 
sinuate  behind  the  apical  angles,  marginal  bead  coarse  and  strong,  prominent 
superiorh^,  submarginal  groove  linear  in  width ;  base  irregularly  arcuate,  basal 
angles  obtusely  rounded  and  not  in  the  least  prominent.  Disk  extremely  convex 
and  tumid,  arcuately  declivious  anteriorly,  not  in  the  least  impressed  laterally, 
slig'htly  so  within  the  apical  angles ;  posteriorly  with  three  impressions  on  the 
declivity,  the  middle  or  scutellar  large  and  deep,  the  lateral  feeble,  the  inter- 
vening surface  gibbous. 

Elytra  oval,  a  little  more  than  one-fourth  longer  than  wide;  base  irregularly 
truncate,  not  wider  than  the  pronotal  base,  humeri  minute  and  obsolete ;  sides 
broadly  arcuate  to  the  feebly  and  obtusely  rounded  apex.  Disk  strongly  convex 
and  arcuately  declivous  laterally  and  inflexed,  evenly  and  arcuately  declivous 
apically.  The  inflexed  sides  plane,  epipleurae  narrow  and  feebly  defined  be- 
hind the  second  abdominal  segment,  not  defined  anteriorly. 

Abdominal  surface  moderately  convex.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  slender. 
Middle  and  posterior  femora  but  slightly  stouter  than  tibiae ;  anterior  femora 
slightly  thickened  apically ;  tarsi  short. 

Measurements  :  length  25  mm.,  wddth  12  mm. 

Holotype  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  5066,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  at  Mesquital,  Lower  California,  July  28, 
1938.  One  paratype  of  undetermined  sex  with  the  same  data.  A  very  distinct 
species,  evidently  related  to  SienomorpJia  cressoni  Blaisdell  of  the  Imperial 
Yallev,  southern  California. 

(121)  Heterasida  bif urea  (LeConte) 

Asida  hifurea  LeCoxte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  ISTat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  337\ 

Asida  connivens  LeConte  (male),  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll,  167,  p.  110;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 

Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  285 ;  — 1893,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  20 :  142 ; 

—  1894;  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  4:  421. 
Heterasida  hifurea  (LeConte),  connivens   (LeConte),  and  tantilla  Casey,  1912,  Mem. 

Coleopt.,  3,  p.  166-167. 
Asida  (Heterasida)  connivens,  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  253. 


228  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Sexes  of  one  species :  connivens  and  antilla  males ;  hifurca  female.  Color 
opaque  black.  The  males  are  much  smaller,  basal  pronotal  angles  more  promi- 
nent; females  larger,  basal  angles  shorter  and  variable.  In  both  sexes  the 
pronotal  disk  has  a  median  groove.  In  the  male  the  elytral  costae  diverge  from 
the  humeri ;  in  the  female  the  costae  diverge  from  the  margin  at  any  point  in 
front  of  the  middle. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo 
(Fuchs),  Sierra  El  Taste;  Gulf  of  California:  Ceralbo  Island,  June  7,  1921 
(J.  C.  Chamberlin). 

(122)  Heterasida  subvittata  (Horn) 

Asida  subvittata  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  416\ 
Heterasida  subvittata  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  168. 

A  species  "somewhat  of  the  form  of  02?aca  Say  with  the  elytra  more  nar- 
rowed at  base,  and  with  three  vittae  on  each  elytron,  of  minute  granules  each 
with  a  minute  spine-like  hair"  (Horn) . 

Type  locality:  Pescadero^  Lower  California.  Type  No.  Ill,  Mus.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  Sierra  Laguna,  August  15,  1919 
(J.  R.  Slevin),  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Fuchs).  Two  specimens  in  the  collection 
of  the  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci. 

(123)  Asidina  parallela  (LeConte) 

Pelecyphorus  parallela  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.  5:  128^;  Horn,  1870, 

Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  285. 
Asidina  parallela,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3, 170. 
Asida  (Asidina)  parallela,  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  253^ 

Form  oblong-oval,  opaque,  brownish  to  nigro-piceous.  Pronotal  sides  with 
distinct  and  slightly  reflexed  margin.  Elytral  sides  feebly  arcuate,  humeral 
angles  rounded;  marginal  costa  acute,  nearly  attaining  the  apex,  another 
short  discal  costa  parallel  with  the  margin  a  short  distance  from  it,  extending 
through  the  middle  two-thirds  of  the  elytral  length. 

Type  locality :  "Vallecitas,  ad  montes  occidentales  desertorum  Colorado"^ 
California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  California  :  La  Puerta,  Imperial  Count}^, 
November  5,  1909 ;  Gulf  of  California :  Isla  Partida^,  Aj^ril  22. 

(124)  Asidina  confluens  (LeConte) 

Pelecyphorus  confluens  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5  :  128\ 

Asida  confluens,  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr,,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  285^,  pi.  15,  fig.  8. 

Asidina  confluens,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  172^. 

A  moderately  large  species,  length  20  mm.  more  or  less.  Color  nigro-piceous, 
shining.  Lateral  pronotal  margins  thick,  slightly  reflexed,  base  truncate.  Ely- 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  229 

tral  marginal  costa  acute,  nearly  attaining  the  apex,  another  and  shorter  costa 
arising  from  it  a  short  distance  behind  the  humeri,  extends  three-fourths  of 
the  length;  disk  flattened  and  the  sutural  margins  raised,  sides  and  apex 
strongly  declivous ;  humeral  angles  distinct. 

Type  locality  :  "In  deserta  fluminis  Colorado"\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  California  :  Colorado  Desert^  and  east- 
ward^, La  Puerta,  Imperial  Valley,  Indio  (Van  Dyke)  ;  Coachella  Valley,  Riv- 
erside County  (A.  Williamson). 

New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  south  of  Palacio,  April  4,  1939. 
The  body  of  a  dead  specimen  was  found  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(125)  Trichiasida  gibbicollis  (Horn) 

Asida  gidhicollis  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  288^,  pi.  15, 
fig.  1;  gabbi  Horn  (nom.  nov.),  1880,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  8:  152. 

Trichiasida  gihhicollis,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  178;  Gebien,  1936,  Kat.  Tenebr., 
1,  210. 

A  short,  convex  species,  black  and  subopaque.  Pronotum  wider  than  long, 
strongly  convex  and  gibbous;  lateral  margins  broad,  thick  and  reflexed  an- 
teriorly, gradually  narrowing  to  base;  apical  angles  acute  and  prominent; 
base  with  three  deep  impressions,  the  scutellar  deepest,  one  each  side  less  so. 
Elytra  broadly  oval,  margin  carinate,  carinae  terminating  at  middle  of  the 
apical  declivity;  base  truncate,  impressed  in  the  scutellar  region,  humeral 
angles  distinct ;  deflexed  sides  smooth  and  plane,  impunctate ;  epipleurae  dis- 
tinct apically  behind  the  first  ventral  segment,  obliterated  anteriorly  to  base. 

Type  locality:  peninsula  of  Lower  California^  (Horn),  collected  by  W. 
M.  Gabb. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  record :  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  Lower  California.  One  male 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

A  very  rare  species,  and  the  relationships  of  the  specimens  are  questionable 
on  account  of  the  meager  descriptions. 

(126)  Platasida  embaphionides  (Horn) 

Asida  emhaphionides  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  419^,  pi.  7,  fig.  8. 
Platasida  embaphionides,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  p.  183. 

Form  rather  slender.  Color  dull  brown,  suture  and  two  lines  on  each  elytron 
faintly  paler.  Head  coarsely  punctate.  Pronotal  apex  deeply  emarginate,  base 
bisinuate ;  sides  evenly  arcuate ;  disk  flat,  margin  broad  and  widely  reflexed. 
Ely  tral  margins  sharp  and  slightly  reflexed,  marginal  line  suddenly  incurved 
one-fourth  distance  from  apex  and  there  very  prominent,  thence  oblique 
nearly  to  apex ;  disk  nearly  flat.  A  peculiar  and  unique  form  (Horn) .  Spines 
of  the  elytra,  abdomen  and  legs  plumiform  or  pectinate  on  two  edges.  {Vide 
flaccida  Horn. ) 


230  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  region  only.  Type  an  unique  as  far  as  known. 
No.  113,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

(127)  Platasida  flaccida  (Horn) 

Asida  flaccida  Horn,  1896,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  6 :  379^,  1  fig. 
Platasida  flaccida  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  183. 

A  slender,  elongate,  dark  eastaneous  species.  Surface  invested  with  short, 
erect,  fulvous  hairs;  elytra  with  short,  scattered,  erect,  black  setae.  Pronotal 
sides  widely  reflexed.  Sides  of  elytra  more  reflexed,  the  margins  developed 
into  a  lobe-like  process  at  the  declivity.  Spinules  of  the  elytra,  abdomen  and 
legs  plumiform  as  in  ernljapJiionides  Horn  {Vide  supra) . 

Type  localit}^ :  San  Jose  del  Cabo',  Lower  California.  Type  No.  114,  Mus. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only.  New^  records  :  Todos  Santos,  Lower 
California,  July  15.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  collected  one  specimen. 

(128)  Asidopsisplanata  (Horn) 

Asida  planta  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  415\ 

Asidopsis  planata,  Casey,  1912,  Mem.  Coleopt.,  3,  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.  9 :  202. 

According  to  Dr.  Horn,  planata  is  of  the  exact  form  of  opaca  Say.  Color 
black  and  subopaque.  Elytra  not  costate,  surface  transversely  flat  and  nearly 
unsculptured,  the  sharp  side  margins  entire  extending  to  the  apex.  Pronotal 
sides  not  reflexed,  basal  angles  acute,  slightly  everted,  very  feebly  prominent 
posteriorly ;  disk  moderately  convex  and  densely  punctate. 

Type  locality :  San  Francisquito\  Lower  California. 

Type  a  female.  No.  110,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

(129)  Asidopsis  divaricata  Blaisdell 

Asida  (Asidopsis)  divaricata  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  255^. 

An  elongate,  deep  black,  glabrous  and  shining  species,  having  the  pronotal 
angles  acute,  the  apical  prominent  anteriorly,  the  basal  prominent  and  di- 
varicate. 

Type  locality  :  Escondido  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Type  of  undetermined  sex.  No.  1164,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin,  June  14, 1921. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Comondu,  Julv  22,  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  collected  twenty-one  specimens  of 
this  rare  species.  A  very  distinct  species  apparently  related  to  macra  Horn. 

(130)  Asida  (Stethasida)  catalinae  Blaisdell 

Asida  (Stethasida)  catalinae  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  256\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  length  17  mm.  Color  piceous  and  opaque.  Pronotal  apex 
deeply  and  evenly  emarginate,  angles  acute  and  prominent  anteriorly ;  sides 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  231 

narrowly  explanate  and  reflexed ;  disk  broad,  slightly  convex  and  granulo- 
asperate.  Elytral  sides  basally  at  first  almost  straight  and  slightly  divergent, 
thence  becoming  rather  broadly  arcuate  to  the  moderately  narrowed  and 
rounded  apex ;  disk  flat,  arcuately  declivous  apically ;  lateral  margins  distinct, 
slightly  raised,  rather  coarse,  on  the  apical  declivity  passing  arcuately  toward 
the  apex,  but  not  attaining  it ;  a  costa  parallel  to  the  margin  and  a  short  dis- 
tance from  it  extends  through  the  middle  two-fourths  of  the  length  of  each 
elytron ;  there  are  some  evidences  of  other  lines  where  the  pubescence  is  rather 
more  abundant,  giving  a  slight  subvittate  appearance. 

Type  locality  :  Catalina  Island^  Gulf  of  California. 

Type  an  unique  of  undetermined  sex,  No.  1166,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent., 
collected  June  12,  1921,  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin. 

Catalinae  has  a  general  facies  that  suggests  StetJiasida  ohsoleta  LeConte, 
from  which  it  differs  in  the  oblong  elytra  with  flat  disk  and  vittae. 

(131)  Argoporis  impressa  Blaisdell 

(Plate  11,  figs.  5  and  15) 
Argoporis  impressa  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  330\ 

Form  elongate,  oblong-oval,  subparallel  and  moderately  convex.  Color 
black ;  antennae  and  legs  concolorous,  dark  rufous  to  paler.  Luster  dull  to 
feebh'  shining.  Epistomal  apex  (pi.  11,  fig.  5)  slightly  arcuate,  with  a  very 
small  emargination  at  middle,  on  each  side  of  which  is  a  feeble  tumescence. 
Elytra  with  feebly  impressed  striae  of  rather  coarse  punctures,  the  latter 
somewhat  strongly  impressed.  In  the  male  the  posterior  femora  (pi.  11,  fig.  15) 
have  a  slender  acute  tooth,  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide  at  middle,  edges 
very  finely  denticulate. 

Type  locality :  Natividad  Island',  Pacific  coastal  islands. 

Holotype,  a  male,  No.  1686,  and  allotype,  female.  No.  1687,  Mus.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  (Hanna  and  Slevin). 

Recorded  distribution :  Pacific  coastal  islands :  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion ; 
San  Roque,  NW.  of  Asuncion  Island. 

The  teeth  of  the  posterior  femora  are  important  in  identifj^ing  the  species. 
Compare  with  the  other  species  enumerated  in  this  paper. 

(132)  Argoporis  alutacea  Casey 

(Plate  10,  figs.  11  and  18) 

Argoporis  alutacea  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  p.  406^,  pi.  4,  fig.  11;  Blaisdell^ 
1923,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  258^. 

The  species  is  dull  and  alutaceous  in  luster.  The  epistomal  apex  is  arcuate 
(pi.  10,  fig.  18).  Elytra  not  sulcate,  having  Yery  feebly  impressed  series  of 
deep  perforate  punctures,  intervals  flat,  the  first  and  third  feebly  convex  near 
apex.  Posterior  femora  of  the  male,  each  with  a  large  bifid  tooth  (pi.  10,  fig. 
11) ,  the  edges  of  which  are  finely  denticulate ;  the  teeth  arise  from  a  common 
broad  and  prominent  base. 


232  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality  :  Arizona^  (Morrison) . 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona ;  Imperial  Valley,  southern  California ;  San 
Pedro  and  San  Carlos  bays,  Sonoran  coast,  Mexico"  (Thos.  Craig). 
The  species  undoubtedly  occurs  in  northern  Lower  California. 

(133)  Argoporis  labialis  Blaisdell 

(Plate  11,  figs.  13  and  21) 
Argoporis  laiialis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  258\ 

A  species  having  the  epistomal  apex  slightly  produced  at  middle,  and  feebly 
sinuate  each  side  (pi.  11,  fig.  13).  Pronotal  disk  extremely,  finely  and  obso- 
letely  punctulate.  Elytra  with  series  of  unimpressed  and  moderately  large 
perforate  punctures,  intervals  slightly  convex  becoming  feebly  costiform  on 
the  apical  declivity.  Legs  rufous,  tibiae  slightly  darker.  Posterior  femoral 
tooth  short,  stout,  and  irregularly  obtuse  at  apex,  and  three  denticles  distal 
to  it,  the  first  approximate  to  the  tooth  (pi.  11,  fig.  21) .  Abdominal  tubercle  of 
the  male  round,  flat  and  feeble,  with  a  short  transverse  impressed  line  an- 
teriorly. 

Type  locality :  San  Carlos  Bay,  Gulf  of  California ;  Sonoran  coast\  Mexico. 

Type  of  male.  No.  1167,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee,  July  9, 1921,  an  unique. 

The  species  is  believed  to  occur  on  the  adjacent  islands  of  the  Sonoran  coast. 

(134)  Argoporis  aequalis  Blaisdell 

(Plate  11,  figs.  14  and  20) 
Argoporis  aequalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  259^ 

In  this  species  the  antennae  are  slender  and  the  epistomal  apex  nearly 
truncate,  being  slightly  and  broadly  arcuate  and  feebly  sinuate  laterally 
within  the  obtusely  rounded  angles  (pi.  11,  fig.  14) .  Pronotum  very  feebly  and 
sparsely  punctate  centrally,  punctures  stronger  and  denser  laterally.  Elytra 
with  regular  striae  of  small,  distinct  punctures,  intervals  flat,  becoming 
somewhat  convex  apically,  extremely  minutely  punctulate.  The  male  has  the 
metafemoral  tooth  rather  long,  slender  and  cylindrical  (pi,  11,  fig.  20),  the 
adjacent  edge  of  the  femur  denticulate.  The  tubercle  of  the  first  ventral  seg- 
ment of  the  male  is,  at  the  middle  round,  narrowly  and  transversely  impressed. 

Type  locality  :  San  Pedro  Nolasco  Island,  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  a  male.  No.  1168,  and  allotype,  female.  No.  1169,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  April  17, 1921. 

One  paratype  with  same  data. 

(135)  Argoporis  longipes  Blaisdell 

(Platell,  fig.  6) 

Argoporis  longipes  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  260\ 

A  rather  stout  species  with  long  legs,  the  anterior  at  least  as  long  and  as 
slender  as  the  posterior ;  outer  angle  of  the  front  tibiae  not  produced.  Color 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TEXEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA         233 

dull  black,  antennae  and  legs  dark  rufous.  Epistomal  apex  lobed  at  middle 
and  sinuate  each  side  (pi.  11,  fig.  6).  Antennae  unusually  long.  Pronotum 
impunctate,  a  median  impressed  line  present.  Elytra  with  rows  of  coarse 
perforate  punctures;  intervals  strongly  convex  and  costiform,  the  sutural 
tumid  at  apex  and  ending  abruptly  before  the  elytral  apices,  the  seventh  costi- 
form to  near  the  sutural. 

Type  locality  :  Escondido  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Type,  No.  1170,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  probably  a  female  as  the  pos- 
terior femora  are  mutic.  One  paratype  less  strongly  developed.  Collected  by 
Jos.  C.  Chamberlin,  June  14, 1921. 

(136)  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn 

(Plate  10,  figs.  13  and  19) 

Argoporis  inconstans  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  425^;  Blaisdell,  1923, 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  257^. 

A  piceous  black  species  with  rufous  legs.  Epistomal  apex  truncate  (pi.  10, 
fig.  19).  Pronotum  Yevy  finely,  sparsely  and  more  or  less  indistinctly  punc- 
tulate,  disk  rather  fiat.  Elytral  sculpture  variable,  either  smooth  to  subcostate 
(Horn) .  Hind  femora  of  male  with  a  moderately  long,  slender  tooth,  distinctly 
denticulate  anteriorly  and  along  the  inferior  inner  edge  of  the  femur  (pi.  10, 
fig.  13)  anteriorly.  Abdominal  tubercle  of  the  male  round,  simi^le  to  more  or 
less  triplicate. 

Type  locality  :  San  Esteban^  Lower  California. 

Type,  a  male.  No.  121,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Diego,  California ;  Lower  California :  San  Es- 
teban,  San  Francisquito  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo ;  Gulf  of  California :  Sal  si 
Puedes  Island,  Isla  Raza,  Isla  Partida  (large  series).  Carmen  Island,  Patos 
Island  (a  good  series  by  Thos.  Craig) . 

A  variable  species,  the  sexual  characters  resembling  those  of  ehenina  Horn. 
In  inconstans  the  epistomal  apex  is  truncate. 

(137)  Argoporis  ebenina  Horn 

(Plate  10,  fig.  16 ;  Plate  11,  fig.  18) 
Argoporis  ehenina  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  424\ 

This  species  is  dull  velvety  black  in  color,  and  variable  in  size.  Epistomal 
apex  quite  truncate  (pi.  11,  fig.  18) .  Pronotum  slightly  wilder  than  long,  with 
the  sides  moderately  arcuate  and  slightly  sinuate  before  the  basal  angles. 
Humeri  slightly  dentiform.  Elytra  with  striae  of  punctures  that  vary  from 
very  small,  the  intervals  flat,  to  slightly  larger  and  feebly  impressed,  the  in- 
tervals somewhat  convex  laterally ;  seventh  interval  costiform  at  apex,  joining 
a  tubercle  on  the  first.  In  the  male  the  anterior  tibiae  are  serrate  within  and 
the  inner  apical  angle  prolonged  inward ;  the  posterior  femora  have  a  long- 
slender  tooth  one-third  from  apex  (pi.  10,  fig.  16)  ;  a  more  or  less  marked 
tuberosity  is  present  at  middle  of  first  ventral  segment.  The  female  has  the 


234  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

anterior  tibiae  very  feebly  serrate  and  the  inner  angle  not  prolonged ;  pos- 
terior femora  simple. 

Type  locality  :  Sierra  El  Chinqlie^  Lower  California. 

Lectotjq^e,  a  male,  No.  117,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Pescadero  and  El 
Taste  (Horn),  San  Antonio  and  San  Pedro  (J.  R.  Slevin  and  G.  F.  Ferris). 
Pacific  coastal  island  :  San  Benito  (Hanna  and  Slevin). 

New  records :  Triunf o,  July  13,  Lower  California.  A  male  and  female  of 
moderate  size  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(138)  Argoporis  apicalis  Blaisdell,  new  species 

(Plate  10,  fig.  15;  Plate  11,  figures  3  and  7) 

Form  elongate,  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color  black,  femora 
rufous,  tibiae  and  tarsi  nigro-rufous.  Luster  dull  to  somewhat  shining. 

Head  moderately  small,  widest  just  before  the  eyes,  where  it  is  one-half 
wider  than  long  (epistoma  included)  before  the  post-ocular  line;  sides 
and  epistomal  apex  semicircularly  rounded  from  eye  to  eye  (pi.  11,  fig.  7). 
Frons  and  epistoma  moderately  convex,  broadly  impressed  on  the  sutures 
and  sides,  the  latter  narrowly  reflexed  over  the  antennal  insertions;  sur- 
face quite  densely  punctate,  punctures  small  and  distinct,  those  of  the 
epistoma  smaller  and  denser  toward  the  margins.  Eyes  nearly  transverse, 
short  and  renif orm,  superior  lobe  slightly  the  larger.  Antennae  moderate  in 
stoutness  and  length,  almost  attaining  the  pronotal  base  ;  second  segment  short, 
as  wide  as  long ;  third  and  fourth  obconical,  subequal  and  about  twice  as  long 
as  wide  at  apex;  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh  segments  quite  equal  in  length, 
obconico-triangular  and  more  strongly  convex  anteriorly;  eighth,  ninth,  and 
tenth  equal  in  length,  transversely  oval,  ninth  and  tenth  most  so,  eleventh 
asymetrically  obovate  and  as  long  as  wide. 

Pronotum  slightly  wilder  than  long,  widest  in  anterior  one-half,  apex 
slightly  arcuate,  angles  rounded;  sides  broadly  arcuate  anteriorly,  thence 
less  so,  straighter  and  convergent  to  base,  the  latter  broadly  and  feebly  sinuate, 
angles  small  and  subacute,  not  prominent.  Disk  rather  strongly  convex,  some- 
what feebly  impressed  before  the  base,  slightly  declivous  antero-laterally, 
extremely  finely  and  not  distinctly  punctate,  apical  and  lateral  margins  finely 
beaded,  apical  bead  interrupted  at  middle,  basal  bead  wider  and  flat. 

Elytra  oblong-oval,  one  and  two-thirds  times  as  long  as  wide,  base  slightly 
arcuate,  equal  to  that  of  the  pronotum,  humeral  denticles  formed  by  the  basal 
bead  beneath  the  basal  pronotal  angles;  scutellum  short,  transverse,  apex 
broadly  arcuate,  confined  to  the  basal  bead,  not  entering  between  the  elytra ; 
sides  arcuate,  parallel  in  middle  third,  thence  arcuately  converging  to  the 
obtusely  rounded  apex.  Disk  somewhat  flat  to  slightly  convex,  arcuately  de- 
clivous laterally  and  moderately  inflexed,  rather  evenly  and  arcuately  decli- 
vous apically;  quite  closely  striato-punctate,  strial  punctures  moderately 
coarse  and  impressed,  evenly  spaced ;  intervals  narrow  and  convex,  flat  in  the 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIOXIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  235 

central  area,  extremely  finely  and  sparsely  pnnctulate;  sutural  interval  of 
each  elytron  becoming  elongately  tumid  and  prominent  apically,  but  not 
attaining'  the  apex  (pi.  11,  fig.  3)  forming  a  tubercle;  third  interval  joining 
the  seventh  apically  forming  a  smaller  tumescence,  and  separated  from  the 
tubercle  of  the  sutural  interval  by  the  flat  second  interval,  otherwise  the  inter- 
vals are  costif orm  on  the  declivity. 

Abdomen  moderately  convex,  segments  swollen  apicalh^  and  impressed 
basally,  each  with  short,  longitudinal  and  parallel  rugae.  First  segment  in  the 
male  with  a  rounded  tubercle  that  has  a  circular  depression  at  center.  Legs 
moderate  in  length,  anterior  femora  swollen  distally  and  clavate,  inner  margin 
denticulate,  inner  angle  slightly  prolonged;  middle  femora  less  clavate  and 
the  posterior  gradually  widening  from  base  to  apical  fourth.  In  the  male  the 
femoral  tooth  (pi.  10,  fig.  15)  is  long  and  stout,  its  anterior  margin  grooved 
and  the  margins  irregularly  crenulate. 

Measurements:  (types)  male:  length  15  mm.,  width  5.5  mm.;  female: 
length  14  mm.,  width  4.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male,  No.  5071,  and  aUotijpe,  female,  Xo.  5072,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  from  20  miles  north  of  Oomondu,  Lower  California.  Six  paratypes, 
three  with  same  data  as  the  types ;  two  collected  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio, 
June  24  and  July  27 ;  one  secured  10  miles  south  of  San  Domingo  Landing, 
June  22,  all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Apicalis  can  be  recognized  by  the  moderately  arcuate  epistomal  apex,  tuber- 
culate  elytral  apices  and  large  femoral  teeth.  The  frontal  margin  is  more 
evenly  arcuate  in  the  male  than  in  the  female. 

(139)  Oerenopus  concolor  LeConte 

Cerenopus  concolor  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  143^;  Thomson,  1859, 
i^rcana  Naturae,  p.  124-,  pi.  12,  fig.  3 ;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos. 
Soc,  14:  326=^;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  261*. 

The  largest  species  of  the  genus.  The  epistoma  is  prolonged  and  excavated 
beneath.  The  posterior  femora  of  the  male  are  denticulate,  with  one  tooth 
slightly  longer. 

Type  locality :  "Habitat  in  desertis  Colorado"\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Colorado  Desert ;  southern  California ; 
Nevada  (Horn);  Arizona";  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  California^;  Esplritu 
Santo  Island*,  Gulf  of  California ;  Bernstein  Springs,  Cedros  Island,  Pacific 
coastal  group  (Hanna). 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Mesquital,  June  22 ;  25  miles  south  of 
Rosalia,  July  25  ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz, 
July  5  ;  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6  ;  Triunf  o,  July  13 ;  Santiago,  July 
8;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del 
Cabo,  July  9;  8  miles  east  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10;  5  miles  west  of  San 
Bartolo,  July  13.  A  series  of  one  hundred  and  forty-five  specimens  were  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


236  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(140)  Cerenopus  angustatus  Horn 

Cerenopus  angustatus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  ScL,  (2),  4:  426^,  pi.  7,  fig.  9 ;  —  1895, 
(2),  5:  2522. 

Form  slender,  color  nigro-piceous,  luster  rather  dull.  Head  sparsely  punc- 
tate, epistomal  apex  truncate  and  deeply  emarginate  in  about  middle  third. 
Pronotum  as  wide  as  long,  disk  smooth  along  the  middle,  gradually  and  dis- 
tinctly punctate  laterally.  Elytral  sculpture  as  in  concolor.  Male :  anterior 
tibiae  serrate  within  (not  so  in  the  female),  inner  apical  angle  prolonged; 
anterior  femora  very  abruptly  narrowed  at  base  (not  so  in  female)  ;  posterior 
femora  with  a  long  slender  tooth  (simple  in  female) . 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo',  Lower  California.  Type  No.  125,  Mus. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  (Dr.  Gustav  Eisen). 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Pescadero,  Santo  Domingo  del 
Taste,  Sierra  El  Chinche,  San  Lazaro,  and  Miraflores^ 

(141)  Cerenopus  aterrimus  Horn 

Cerenopus  aterrimus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  425^,  pi.  7,  fig.  10. 

Black,  feebly  shining.  Epistomal  apex  feebly  trisinuate  (sinuate  at  middle 
between  two  obtuse  prominences,  less  sinuate  laterally) .  Body  surface  almost 
sculptureless.  Male :  anterior  tibiae  serrate  within,  inner  angle  prolonged 
(not  so  in  female)  ;  posterior  femora  with  a  moderately  long,  slender,  slightly 
curved  tooth  (absent  in  female) . 

Type  locality :  Santo  Domingo  del  Taste\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  region  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

In  the  female  the  epistomal  apex  is  arcuate  centrally  and  sinuate  laterall}" 
within  the  moderately  prominent  angles.  Collected  by  Gustav  Eisen. 

(142)  Cerenopus  cribratus  LeConte 

Cerenopus  cribratus  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  337^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  326^ j  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  (4),  12:  26P. 

In  this  species  the  elytra  have  striae  of  large  punctures,  more  or  less  in  pairs 
and  the  intervals  are  not  elevated,  but  near  the  apex  the  interspaces  between 
the  second  and  third,  sixth  and  seventh  row^s  become  elevated  and  confluent, 
forming  a  very  prominent  tubercle  on  the  apical  declivity  of  each  elytron. 
Legs  black.  The  posterior  femora  of  the  males  have  a  rather  long  acute  tooth. 

Type  locality  :  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California^ :  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
Cape  San  Lucas,  Agua  Verde,  El  Tule  Ranch  near  Cape  San  Lucas  (Thomas 
Craig),  San  Bartolo  and  San  Antonio,  Dist.  Sur  (G.  F.  Ferris),  La  Paz  and 
San  Pedro  (J.  R.  Slevin)  ;  Gulf  of  California  :  Espiritu  Santo  Island  and  Bal- 
lena  Island^ 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  237 

New  records  :  Lower  California :  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6 ;  Triunf o 
and  6  miles  north,  July  13 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  15  ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9  ;  Santiago,  July  18; 
15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5  ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  ;  Coyote 
Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29.  A  series  of  sixty-four  specimens,  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

In  the  above  series  thirty-nine  specimens  have  black  legs,  and  twenty-four 
have  the  femora  rufous,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  rufo-piceous.  The  latter  are  con- 
sidered color  variation.  The  same  coloration  occurs  in  the  closely  related 
costulatus  Horn. 

(143)  Cerenopus  costulatus  Horn 

Cerenopus  costulatus  Horn^  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  326\ 

This  species  differs  chiefly  from  crihratus  LeConte,  by  having  the  elytral 
surface  striate  vvith  series  of  unpaired,  coarse  and  feebly  impressed  punctures ; 
intervals  more  or  less  convex  from  the  base,  becoming  more  elevated  and  sub- 
acute apically,  alternatingly  larger,  the  first  and  third  of  the  more  prominent 
costae  confluent  near  apex,  forming  a  slight  tumescence.  Legs  black  or  more 
or  less  rufous.  ■ 

Type  locality  :  near  center  of  Lower  California'  peninsula  (Wm.  M.  Gabb). 

Recorded  distribution  :  San  Quintin,  Lower  California  (Keifer). 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  Mesquital,  July  28  ;  45  miles  north  of  San 
Ignacio,  July  27.  Michelbacher  and  Ross  secured  nine  specimens  of  this  less 
abundant  species.  One  example  has  the  femora  rufous  and  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
rufo-piceous.  This  variation  in  color  is  analogous  to  that  occurring  in  the 
closely  related  crihratus  LeConte. 

(144)  Apsena  pubescens  ruf escens  Blaisdell 

Apsena  puhescens  subspecies  ruf  escens  Blaisdell,  1932,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  58:  56\ 

This  subspecies  differs  from  puhescens  in  its  bright  rufous  color  and  dark 
elj^tra;  the  mentum  is  less  strongly  sculptured;  both  are  sparsely  pubescent. 

Type  locality  :  Ensenada\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  3006,  Mus.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only  (J.  R.  Slevin) . 

New  records :  20  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3 ;  Santo  Domingo, 
May  8  (Wm.  E.  Simonds). 

Michelbacher  and  Ross  secured  one  male  specimen  at  Santo  Tomas.  Three 
males  were  collected  by  Mr.  Slevin  April  7,  1921,  two  of  which  are  paratypes. 
Mr.  Simonds  obtained  one  male.  Females  unknown.  Species  of  Apse7ia  are 
usuall}^  found  with  ants,  or  in  the  vicinity  of  their  nests. 

(145)  Apsena  insularis  Blaisdell 

Apsena  insularis  Blaisdell,  1932,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  58 :  58\ 

Form  oblong-oval.  Color  dark  rufo-piceous  to  nigro-piceous.  Pronotal  lat- 
eral margins  flush  with  the  propleural  plane.  Elytra  pubescent,  distinctly 


238  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

costate,  eostae  carinate ;  paracarinal  punctures  distant  from  the  carinal  mar- 
gins ;  sutural  eostae  absent. 

Type  locality  :  San  Martin\  Pacific  coastal  island. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  3007,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  3008,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  H.  H.  Keifer,  collector. 

Kecorded  distribution :  San  Martin  Island.  Lower  California  at  Todos 
Santos  (Slevin). 

(146)  EpantiusobscurusLeConte 

Epantiiis  ohscurus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  144^;  Lacordaire,  1859, 
Hist.  Nat.  Ins.,  Gen.  des  Coleopt.,  5:  134;  LeConte,  1861,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.  3:  228. 

Eulahis  (Epantius)  ohscurus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr,,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14: 
323;  Casey,  1891,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  ScL,  6:  59-60. 

Epantius  ohscurus  Blaisdell,  1932,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  58:  91. 

A  common  species  easily  recognized  by  depressed  form,  tuberculate  mentum 
of  the  male,  absence  of  elytral  eostae,  elongate  elytral  punctures,  larger  e^^es 
and  elongate  tarsi. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego^  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  inhabits  the  California  sea  beaches  and 
those  of  Lower  California  northward  to  Tomales  Bay,  Marin  County,  Cali- 
fornia. The  following  islands  off  the  coast  of  southern  California  :  San  Nicolas, 
Santa  Cruz,  Anacapa  (J.  R.  Slevin),  and  Santa  Rosa  (T.  D.  A.  Cockerell). 

New  records  :  beaches  of  the  Gulf  of  California  and  western  coast  of  Lower 
California:  San  Quintin,  August  2;  15  miles  north  of  Rosario,  August  1. 
Michelbacher  and  Ross  collected  thirteen  specimens  from  beneath  kelp  and 
other  objects  above  hi^h  water  mark. 

(147)  Ammophorus  obscurus  Waterhouse 

Ammophorus  ohscurus  Waterhouse,  1845,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  16:  32^;  Linell,  1898, 
Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  21:  264. 

A  black,  obscure  species,  antennae  and  legs  piceous.  Head  and  pronotum 
rugosely  punctate,  the  latter  narrow  with  the  angles  prominent.  Elytra  flat 
along-  the  suture,  punctures  of  the  striae  transverse.  Antennae  short  and 
robust,  eleventh  segment  truncate  at  apex. 

Type  locality  :  not  recorded  by  Darwin\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Galapagos  Islands.  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

No  notes  accompany  the  single  specimen  before  the  author.  The  distribution 
of  the  species  as  given  above  should  be  taken  with  some  doubt. 

(148)  Eleodes  (Melaneleodes)  omissa  peninsularis  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  omissa  subspecies  peninsularis  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S,  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  79^. 

Larger  and  more  elongate  than  pygmaea,  surface  glabrous.  Pronotum  widest 
at  middle,  disk  less  declivous  laterally  than  in  omissa  LeConte,  obsoletely 
punctulate,  apical  angles  subacute.  Elytra  striato-punctate,  striae  slightly 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TEXEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  239 

impressed,  punctures  more  or  less  eroded ;  intervals  somewhat  feebly  convex 
and  obsoletely  punctulate. 

Type  locality  :  Sierra  San  Lazaro\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  knowai  distribution :  type  region,  and  South  Santos  Todos 
Island,  one  of  the  Pacific  coastal  group  (J.  R.  Slevin). 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  Santo  Domingo,  May  8  (Wm.  E.  Simonds), 
Rosarito,  June  16  (Michelbacher  and  Ross). 

In  Melaneleodes  the  anterior  femora  are  mutic.  Pronotum  widest  at  middle, 
anteriorly  the  sides  have  a  stronger  lateral  declivity,  and  usually  the  marginal 
bead  is  not  visible  from  above ;  posteriorly  there  is  a  varying  degree  of  lateral 
compression,  causing  the  margin  to  appear  more  or  less  straight,  with  the 
marginal  bead  visible  from  above. 

(149)  Eleodes  (Melaneleodes)  omissa  pygmaea  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  omissa  subspecies  pygmaea  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  77^ 
(Mon.)  ;  —  1925,  Pan-Pacif.  Ent.,  2:  77;  —1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  332^. 

Much  smaller  than  omissa  LeConte.  Males  elongate  and  more  slender,  pro- 
notum usually  quite  quadrate,  elytra  scarcely  wider  than  the  prothorax. 
Female  ovate. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California  south  of  Tulare 
County;  San  Quintin',  Lower  California. 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  San  Quintin,  May  9,  and  Johnson's  Ranch, 
May  7  (Wm.  E.  Simonds).  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2;  Rosarito  Ranch, 
August  4 ;  15  miles  north  of  Rosario,  August  1 ;  20  miles  south  of  Santo 
Tomas  (Michelbacher  and  Ross) . 

A  series  of  thirty-five  specimens  was  secured  bj^  Simonds  and  thirteen  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  specimens  are  very  uniform  in  size  and  sculp- 
turing. 

(150)  Eleodes  (Promus)  insularis  Linell 

Eleodes  insularis  Linell,  1899,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  4:  181^;  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63; 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  156;— 1910,  Ent.  News,  21:   61;  — 1925,  Pan-Pacif.  Ent.,  2:  79. 

In  form  the  species  resembles  the  larger  specimens  of  pygmaea  Blaisdell. 
The  anterior  femora  of  both  sexes  have  a  distinct  obtuse  tooth,  smaller  in  the 
female.  First  segment  of  the  anterior  tarsi  of  the  male,  has  a  large,  dense  tuft 
of  golden  hairs  at  apex  beneath.  Pronotum  subquaclrate,  widest  at  middle; 
apical  angles  subacute  and  slightly  prominent  anteriorly.  Elytra  widest  at 
apical  third,  broader  in  the  female,  wdth  regular  and  distinct  striae  of  fine 
punctures ;  intervals  sparsely  and  minutely  punctulate.  Legs  long  and  slender. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Margarita  Island',  of  the  Pacific  coastal  group.  Lower 
California. 

Type  No.  4169,  U.  S.  National  Museum. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Grand  Canyon,  Cedros  Island,  Pacific  coastal  group 
(Haniia  and  Slevin).  Gulf  of  California:  Porto  Ballandra,  Carmen  Island, 
and  Monserrate  Island  (Van  Duzee). 


240  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

The  author  has  at  hand  a  pair  kindly  given  to  him  by  Dr.  E.  A.  Sehwarz  in 
1909,  when  the  Monograph  of  the  Eleodiini  was  being  prepared.  The  pubescent 
tuft  of  the  anterior  tarsi  of  the  male  is  not  as  large  as  Linell's  description  im- 
plies. The  elytral  series  of  small  punctures  are  not  impressed  and  are  often 
somewhat  obsolete,  appearing  as  scattered. 

(151)  Eleodes  (Promus)  insularis  terricola  (Blaisdell) 

Promus  insularis  var.  terricola  Blaisdell,  1910,  Ent.  News,  21:  61^ 

The  peninsular  phase  of  insularis  Linell.  Form  similar,  elytral  striae  of 
punctures  more  or  less  evident.  Pubescent  tuft  of  the  anterior  tarsi  of  the 
male,  small  and  apical.  Anterior  femoral  teeth  small  or  nearly  obsolete. 

Type  locality :  El  Taste\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  2836,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  2837,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  San  Pedro  and  Sierra  San  Lazaro,  Lower  California. 

(152)  Eleodes  grandicollis  valida  Boheman 

Eleodes  grandicollis  Mannerheim,  1843,  Beitr.,  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.,  Moscow,  16 :  266 ;  —  1844, 
Mag.  Zool.,  14,  No.  130  (fig.)  ;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14: 
312. 

Eleodes  valida  Boheman,  1858,  Freg.  Eugen.  Eesa.  Ins.,  90^;  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63, 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  208-209-'. 

The  author  at  first  considered  valida  Boheman  as  a  form  of  grandicollis 
Mannerheim,  but  later  after  studying  a  greater  number  of  specimens  de- 
cided that  valida  is  at  least  a  good  subspecies,  differing  from  the  type  in  its 
larger  and  more  or  less  inflated  form,  the  pronotum  broader  and  more  strongly 
rounded  at  the  sides,  the  elytra  being  broadly  oval.  It  is  of  a  more  southern 
habitat.  A  large  species  with  rounded  humeri. 

Type  locality  :  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  southern  California;  Yuma  Desert, 
Arizona;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo;  San  Pedro  Martir  and  Lower 
Paraisol 

New  records :  Lower  California :  San  Vicente,  July  15 ;  20  miles  south  of 
Santo  Tomas,  August  3.  A  male  and  female  were  secured  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

(153)  Eleodes  sanmartinensis  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  sanmartinensis  Blaisdell,  1921,  Stanford  Univ.  Publ.,  Univ.  Series,  Biol.  Sci.,  1: 
■      220\ 

This  species  has  the  form  of  a  male  grandicollis  Mannerheim.  The  body 
surface  is  smooth  and  more  or  less  shining.  Sides  of  the  pronotum  broadly 
arcuate  and  not  sinuate  before  the  obtuse  basal  angles ;  apical  angles  denti- 
form and  more  or  less  everted.  Elytral  punctures  small,  simple,  apparently 
more  or  less  serial,  geminate  series  sometimes  present.  Legs  long,  femora  heavy 
and  compressed,  the  anterior  dentate. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  241 

Type  locality :  San  Martin  Island',  one  of  the  Pacific  coast  group  off 
northern  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  known  only  from  the  type  region. 

Two  specimens  collected  July  11,  1905,  by  F.  X.  Williams.  In  the  type  the 
sutural  area  of  the  elytra  is  rather  broadly  irregularly  punctate.  The  elytral 
punctation  is  simple,  not  in  the  least  muricate. 

(154)  Eleodes  rossi  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate  subovate,  about  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  wide. 
Color  black,  luster  dull  and  alutaceous. 

Head  relatively  small,  about  two-sevenths  wider  than  long  before  the  post- 
ocular  line,  equally  wide  across  the  eyes  and  sides  of  the  front ;  sides  arcuate 
over  the  antennal  insertions,  thence  convergent  and  nearly  straight  to  the 
epistomal  angles,  slightly  emarginate  at  the  position  of  the  obsolete  oblique 
sutures.  Epistomal  apex  truncate,  angles  rounded.  Frons  rather  moderately 
convex,  without  impressions,  punctures  moderately  small,  discrete,  irregular, 
in  the  central  area  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  two  to  five  times  their 
diameter,  somewhat  denser  laterally.  Labrum  transversely  oblong,  sides  ar- 
cuate with  the  angles,  apex  briefly  emarginate  between  the  lobes.  Tempora 
not  in  the  least  prominent,  convergent  posteriorly  from  the  eyes.  Antennae 
long  and  slender,  similar  in  the  sexes,  extending  three  segments  beyond  the 
pronotal  base,  and  similarly  longer  than  the  width  of  the  pronotum ;  first 
segment  not  stout,  scarcely  wider  than  the  following  segments ;  second  annular 
and  about  as  wide  as  long,  third  very  elongate,  four  times  as  long  as  wide  at 
apex,  and  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  fourth ;  segments  four  to  seven 
cylindrico-obconical,  subequal  in  length,  condyles  not  included  and  twice  as 
long  as  wide ;  eighth  slightly  stouter,  triangulo-obconical,  and  one-third  longer 
than  wide  at  apex ;  last  three  segments  not  wider  than  the  preceding  segment, 
and  not  in  the  least  incrassate ;  ninth  and  tenth  irregularly  spherical  and  as 
long  as  wide,  eleventh  obconical,  asymmetrical,  subacute  at  apex  and  as  long 
as  wide. 

Pronotum  one-third  wider  than  long,  apex  emarginato-truncate  between 
the  small,  acute,  anteriorly  prominent  angles ;  sides  broadly  and  moderately 
arcuate,  not  strongly  sinuate  in  about  posterior  seventh,  basal  angles  small 
and  minutely  acute;  base  broadly  and  not  strongly  arcuate,  slightly  wider 
than  the  apex,  bead  narrow  and  with  few  punctules.  Disk  very  moderately 
convex,  very  sparsely  punctate  throughout,  punctures  small ;  surface  rather 
narrowly  impressed  within  the  distinct  and  rather  coarse  marginal  bead, 
which  is  rather  prominent  and  fully  visible  from  above. 

Elytra  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide  and  almost  three  times  as 
long  as  the  pronotum ;  base  transverse,  equal  to  that  of  the  prothorax;  humeri 
obsolete,  sides  broadly  arcuate,  converging  in  apical  third,  apex  obtuse,  feebly 
emarginate  at  the  suture.  Disk  rather  strongh^  and  evenly  convex,  broadly, 
arcuately  declivous  and  inflexed  laterally,  arcuately  and  somewhat  obliquely 


242  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

so  in  about  apical  fourth ;  distinctly  striato-punctate,  striae  twelve  in  number 
Avithout  the  marginal,  not  impressed,  punctures  small  and  equal,  those  of  the 
striae  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  twice  their  diameter,  the  interstitial 
few  and  very  widely  spaced,  each  with  a  minute,  ferruginous  seta ;  punctures 
not  in  the  least  muricate ;  marginal  bead  fine  and  sharp.  Scutellum  short  and 
triangular. 

Abdomen  and  sterna  very  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  more  or  less  sub- 
obsolete,  surface  more  or  less  rugulose ;  parapleurae  more  densely  and  dis- 
tinctly punctate;  hypopleurae  obsoletely  punctate.  Legs  long  and  slender; 
femora  subparallel,  the  posterior  straight,  scarcely  the  least  arcuate  in  basal 
one-half  in  the  male;  the  anterior  a  little  stouter  and  dentate,  the  teeth  small 
and  triangular.  Hind  tibiae  seven-eighths  as  long  as  their  femur ;  hind  tarsi 
three-sevenths  as  long  as  their  tibia. 

Male  :  narrower,  and  widest  at  middle  of  the  elytra.  The  latter  slightly  more 
attenuated  apically,  apex  subacute.  Abdomen  less  convex,  moderately  flat- 
tened in  middle  third  and  slightly  grooved  on  segments  two  and  three  on 
the  median  line. 

Female :  broader,  slightly  inflated,  widest  at  about  posterior  third  of  the 
elytra,  the  latter  less  attenuated  in  apical  fourth.  Abdomen  rather  strongly 
convex. 

Measurements  :  (types)  length  25-26  mm.,  width  9-10  mm. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  5069,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  5070,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  July  22,  1938,  at  Comondu, 
Lower  California. 

Paratypes,  five  with  the  same  data.  The  species  belongs  to  the  dentipes 
group. 

(155)  EleodesfemorataLeConte 

Eleodes  femorata  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  134^;  —  1858,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  181;  Horn,  1870,  Ee\-is.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc.  14:  310; 
Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  272-. 

Femorata  is  less  robust  than  militaris  Horn.  All  of  the  femora  are  dentate, 
the  teeth  are  small  and  more  obtuse.  In  the  similarly  elongate  and  more  robust 
militaris  the  femoral  teeth  are  larger  and  acute. 

Tj^pe  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Coronado  and  vicinity  of  San  Diego ; 
Ensenada,  Lower  California. 

New  record :  17  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  Lower  California,  June  14. 
Michelbacher  and  Ross  collected  one  female  specimen. 

The  latter  specimen  is  somewhat  anomalous :  the  prothorax  is  distinctly 
quadrate,  the  apex  arcuate  in  middle  two-fourths,  and  rather  deeply  sinuate 
laterally  within  the  acute  and  anteriorly  prominent  angles.  The  legs  are 
densely,  subrugosel}^  punctate  and  the  hind  femora  are  arcuate  in  about  basal 
one-half. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TEXEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIF  OMNIA  243 

(156)  Eleodesmilitaris  Horn 

Eleodes  militaris  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  310';  Blais- 
DELL,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Mus.,  p.  267-,  pi.  1,  fig.  20;  pi.  10,  fig.  40. 

The  species  is  elongate  and  moderately  shining,  the  pronotum  broader, 
especially  near  the  apex,  and  all  the  femora  are  dentate.  The  femoral  teeth 
are  larger  and  more  acute  than  in  femorata  LeConte,  which  it  otherwise  resem- 
bles. In  femorata  the  pronotum  is  more  convex  and  the  sides  more  evenly 
arcuate,  surface  more  shining  and  the  femoral  teeth  smaller  and  obtuse. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California',  collected  b}^  Wm.  M.  Gabb. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Quintin^,  Lower  California.  A  number  of  the 
recorded  localities  are  in  all  probability  wrong,  as  the  species  has  been  con- 
fused with  one  that  is  described  below  as  new. 

New  records  :  Grand  Canyon,  Cedros  Island,  Pacific  coastal  group  (Hanna 
and  Slevin).  San  Vicente,  Lower  California,  June  15,  one  specimen  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Six  specimens  collected  at  San  Quintin,  May  9,  1938,  by  Wm.  E.  Simonds 
are  evidentl}^  typical,  and  indicate  quite  definitely  that  the  specimens  hereto- 
fore studied  have  been  too  meager  for  a  correct  determination  of  the  species. 
Most  of  the  examples  previously  referred  to  militaris  Horn  belong  to  a  new 
species,  described  here  as  marthae. 

(157)  Eleodes  marthae  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  robust,  subfusiform  to  subovate,  about  two  and  one-third  times  as 
long  as  wide.  Color  black,  surface  smooth,  more  or  less  shining  and  alutaceous, 
punctation  simple.  All  the  femora  dentate. 

Head  relatively  small,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the  postocular  line, 
widest  across  the  eyes ;  side  margins  arcuate,  thence  straight  and  convergent 
to  the  epistomal  apex,  the  latter  truncato-emarginate,  angles  rounded.  Frons 
feebl}^  convex,  not  so  over  the  antennal  insertions,  sutures  effaced,  irregularly 
punctate,  punctures  small,  sparse  centrally,  denser  laterally  and  on  the  epis- 
toma,  setigerous  on  the  tempora,  the  latter  convex  and  flush  with  the  eyes, 
which  are  short,  scarcely  convex,  upper  lobe  larger,  gradually  narrowing  be- 
low. Antennae  slender,  moderate  in  length,  distal  three  segments  not  wider. 

Pronotum  subquadrate,  widest  at  middle,  about  one-third  wider  than  long, 
twice  as  wide  as  the  head ;  apex  between  the  subacute,  triangular  and  promi- 
nent angles  quite  truncately  emarginate  in  feeble  circular  arc ;  sides  broadly 
and  moderately  arcuate,  very  feebly,  broadly  and  somewhat  convergent  an- 
teriorly, straighter  posteriorly;  base  broadly  and  evenly  arcuate,  angles 
obtuse  and  distinct.  Disk  moderately  convex,  somewhat  broadly  declivous 
antero-laterally,  finely  and  sparsely  punctulate.  Lateral  marginal  bead  fine. 
Base  two-fifths  wider  than  apex,  bead  wider  and  flat. 

Elytra  somewhat  obovate,  base  feebly  emarginate,  as  wide  as  that  of  the 
pronotum  and  closely  adapted  to  it;  humeri  feebly  angulate,  sides  broadly 


244  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

and  moderately  arcuate,  convergent  in  about  apical  fourth  to  the  slightly 
attenuated  and  blunt  apex.  Disk  strongly  convex,  evenly,  arcuately  declivous 
laterally  and  gradually  inflexed,  in  about  apical  third  obliquely  declivous, 
evenly  continuing  the  arcuation  of  the  surface ;  punctures  small  and  closely 
spaced,  in  fine  and  unimpressed  striae ;  punctules  of  the  intervals  very  sparse 
and  nearly  uniserial.  Epipleurae  wide  at  base,  gradually  narrowing  to  apex. 

Sterna  not  strongly  nor  densely  punctate.  Hypopleurae  with  very  few 
punctures  and  more  or  less  longitudinally  rugulose  on  the  coxal  convexities. 
Abdomen  very  sparsely  punctate,  moderately  denser  on  the  first  and  fifth 
segments.  Legs  comparatively  long  and  densely  sculptured;  femora  very 
closely  punctate,  punctures  coarse ;  teeth  broad,  triangular  and  acute.  Tibiae 
densely  scabrous. 

Male :  narrower,  elytra  widest  at  middle,  moderately  more  attenuate  api- 
cally.  Abdomen  not  strongly  convex,  rather  broadly  flattened  in  middle  third, 
sometimes  slightly  grooved  on  the  median  line  of  the  intermediate  segments. 

Female :  wider,  more  robust,  elytra  more  inflated  and  usually  noticeably 
wider  behind  the  middle.  Abdomen  rather  strongly  convex. 

Measurements  :  (tj^pes)  length  25-28  mm.,  width  9-12  mm. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  5080,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  5081,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  June  22,  at  Mesquital,  Lower  California,  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

Paratypes,  thirty-six  with  same  data.  One  specimen  taken  10  miles  south  of 
Miller's  Landing,  Lower  California,  June  22,  1939  (Michelbacher  and  Ross). 
The  species  is  dedicated  to  Mrs.  Martha  Michelbacher,  a  member  of  the  ex- 
pedition. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  25  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23 ;  San  Miguel,  July  3 ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July 
26;  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29.  Pacific  coastal  islands:  Cedros 
and  Santa  Margarita  (Hanna) . 

Martha e  has  heretofore  been  confused  with  militaris  Horn,  from  which  it 
differs  in  its  much  more  robust  form. 

(158)  Eleodes  inepta  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  inepta  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  334\ 

Described  from  an  unique.  Form  elongate,  subfusiform  oval,  moderately 
convex  and  somewhat  slender.  Color  deep  black,  alutaceous  and  very  dull  in 
luster.  Related  to  armata  LeConte.  Elytra  elongate,  obliquely  convergent  to 
apex  in  rather  more  than  apical  third;  punctures  fine,  equal  in  size,  rather 
widely  spaced  in  unimpressed  striae.  All  of  the  femora  armed.  Posterior  tibiae 
arcuate  in  basal  two-thirds. 

Type  locality :  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion  Island^  Pacific  coastal  group. 

Holotype,  male,  No.  1692,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.  (Hanna  and  Slevin) . 

The  status  of  inepta  is  uncertain,  and  is  undoubtedly  closely  related  to  mili- 
taris Horn.  A  series  will  decide. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  245 

(159)  Eleodes  vanduzeei  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  vanduzeei  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  264\ 

A  very  distinct  and  opaque  species,  the  only  known  species  of  Eleodes  hav- 
ing the  interstitial  punctures  of  the  elytra  spiculiferous,  at  the  sides  and  on 
the  apical  declivity.  The  femora  are  strongly  armed. 

Type  locality  :  Mulege\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1175,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  1176,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  (Van  Duzee) . 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records  :  12  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  27.  Twenty-four  speci- 
mens were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(160)  Eleodes  loretensis  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  loretensis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  262\ 

A  very  distinct  species  of  the  aryiiata  group  of  the  true  Eleodes.  Form  ob- 
long-oval and  moderately  robust.  Color  black  to  nigro-piceous,  luster  dull  and 
rather  alutaceous.  Pronotum  subquadrate,  apical  angles  acute  and  prominent 
anteriorly ;  disk  finely  punctate.  Elytral  punctation  in  distinct  series,  punc- 
tures small,  very  feebly  muricate  laterally  and  on  the  apical  declivity,  those  of 
the  intervals  widely  spaced.  All  of  the  femora  with  a  strong  tooth. 

Type  locality  :  Loreto\  Lower  California. 

Holotj^pe,  female.  No.  1173,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1174,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Las  Animas  Bay  and  Angeles 
Bay.  Thirteen  specimens  collected  May  20,  1921,  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

(161)  Eleodes  morbosa  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  morhosa  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:   335\ 

A  species  having  more  the  f  acies  of  a  member  of  the  subgenus  Melaneleodes 
than  of  the  armata  group  of  the  true  Eleodes.  All  of  the  femora  are  armed  with 
a  small  tooth.  The  pronotal  apical  angles  are  subacute  and  anteriorly  promi- 
nent ;  the  punctures  of  the  disk  are  very  fine  and  rather  sparse.  The  elytra 
are  striate  with  small,  unimpressed  punctures,  those  of  the  intervals  are 
w^idely  spaced,  becoming  finely  muricate  and  more  or  less  confused  laterally 
and  apicall}^ 

Type  locality:  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion  Island^  Pacific  coastal  group. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1693,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1694,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Hanna  and  Slevin,  August  1, 1922. 

Recorded  distribution  :  tjipe  region  only. 

New  records :  San  Quintin  and  Ensenada,  Lower  California. 

A  series  of  one  hundred  and  sixty-one  specimens  was  collected  by  Hanna 
and  Slevin.  The  three  specimens  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  are  some- 


246  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

what  aberrant,  but  not  more  so  than  those  taken  on  Asuncion  Island,  which 
show  atrophy  of  the  femoral  teeth  of  the  middle  and  hind  femora ;  the  elytral 
punctures  also  show  varying  degrees  of  coarseness. 

(162)  Eleodes  moesta  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  sanmartinensis  var.  moesta  Blaisdell,  1921,  Stanford  Univ.  Publ.,  Univ.  Series, 
Biol.  Sci.,  1 :  221\ 

Form  oblong-subfusiform  to  ovate  according  to  sex.  The  species  somewhat 
resembles  morhosa  Blaisdell,  but  the  middle  and  hind  femora  are  not  dentate. 
The  body  is  dull  in  luster  and  the  punctation  distinct  throughout.  Elytral 
punctures  feebly  but  distinctly  muricate,  each  with  a  short  seta,  which  are 
most  evident  laterally  and  apically. 

Type  locality :  San  Martin  Island',  Pacific  coastal  group  (F.  X.  Williams). 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records:  San  Vicente,  Lower  California,  one  specimen   (Simonds). 

Recent  studies  indicate  that  moesta  is  a  distinct  species  and  not  a  variation 
of  sanmartinensis.  It  is  evidently  related  to  morhosa  Blaisdell. 

(163)  Eleodes  mexicana  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate-subfusiform  to  subovate,  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide. 
Color  deep  black,  luster  more  or  less  shining. 

Head  relatively  small,  widest  across  the  eyes,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before 
the  post-ocular  line  (labrum  not  included)  ;  sides  before  the  eyes  not  promi- 
nent, moderately  and  arcuately  converging  to  the  position  of  the  oblique 
suture,  there  broadly  but  rather  feebly  emarginate  with  the  sides  of  the 
epistoma,  the  latter  slightly  arcuate  and  convergent  to  the  narrowly  rounded 
angles ;  epistomal  apex  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate.  Tempora  short,  con- 
tinuing the  convexity  of  the  eyes  and  not  in  the  least  prominent.  Frons  slightly 
convex,  sutures  obliterated,  irregularly  and  more  or  less  densely  punctate, 
punctures  moderately  small,  well  defined ;  denser,  smaller,  submuricate  and 
setigerous  on  tempora  and  acciput.  Antennae  moderate  in  length,  attaining 
the  pronotal  base,  slender,  not  in  the  least  incrassate;  eighth  segment  sub- 
triangular,  a  little  longer  than  wide,  ninth  and  tenth  irregularly  spherical,  as 
long  as  wide ;  eleventh  obovate,  truncate  at  apex  and  slightly  longer  than  wide. 

Pronotiim  subquadrate,  about  one-third  wider  than  long;  apex  broadly 
emarginate,  angles  acute,  triangular  and  moderately  prominent  anteriorly ; 
sides  broadly,  moderately  and  evenly  arcuate,  slightly  straighter  posteriorly, 
marginal  bead  not  coarse ;  base  transverse  and  feebly  arcuate,  about  a  third 
wider  than  apex,  angles  obtuse  and  rather  distinct,  bead  broader  and  flat.  Disk 
evenly  convex,  very  finely,  rather  sparsely  and  subobsoletely  punctate. 

Elytra  rather  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  about  three  and  one-half 
times  as  long  as  the  pronotum ;  base  as  wide  as  the  pronotal  base,  feebly  emar- 
ginate and  adapted  to  it,  humeral  angles  small  and  distinct,  not  in  the  least 
prominent ;  sides  broadly,  evenly  and  moderately  arcuate  to  about  apical 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  247 

third,  thence  straighter  and  evenly  convergent  to  the  obtuse  and  narrowly 
rounded  apex.  Disk  moderately  strong!}^  convex,  well  rounded  and  declivous 
laterally  and  with  distinct,  unimpressed  striae  of  small,  closely  placed  punc- 
tures; intervals  comparatively  narrow,  with  a  single  series  of  extremely 
widely  spaced  punctures;  punctures  not  in  the  least  muricate. 

Abdomen  densely  punctate,  punctures  small  and  more  or  less  irregular. 
Legs  moderately  long,  rather  slender ;  femora  not  in  the  least  swollen,  the 
anterior  dentate.  Hind  tibiae  subequal  in  length  to  their  femur,  slender  and 
somewhat  arcuate  in  basal  half. 

Male :  narrower,  elytra  more  attenuate  and  more  gradually  and  obliquely 
declivous  apically. 

Female :  broader  and  subovate ;  elytra  more  or  less  inflated  and  less  atten- 
uate and  more  arcuate  apically. 

Measurements:  (types)  length  30-31  mm.,  width  10-12  mm. 

Holoiype,  male,  No.  5075,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  from  20  miles  west 
of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  26 ;  allotype,  female,  No.  5076,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
Ent.,  from  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  Lower  California,  July  4;  both 
taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Paratj^pes,  five,  all  males  :  two  from  Mesquital ;  two  obtained  15  miles  north 
of  El  Refugio  and  one  twenty  miles  west  of  Santa  Rosalia,  Lower  California. 

The  bulk  of  specimens  of  the  larger  species  of  Eleodes  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher and  Ross  form  a  puzzling  complex  as  regards  variations  in  size  and 
facies.  A  number  of  examples  will  constitute  a  residual  series,  after  the  ma- 
jority have  been  referred  to  described  species  or  described  as  new.  The  extreme 
forms  suggest  that  there  is  intergrading,  or  that  hybrids  may  be  the  confus- 
ing element  in  the  assignment  of  specimens  to  their  proper  species. 

(164)  Eleodes  simondsi  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  subfusiform  to  ovate,  both  sexes  robust,  about  two  and  one-half  times 
as  long  as  wide.  Color  deep  black  and  more  or  less  shining  to  slightly  aluta- 
ceous. 

Head  relativelv  small,  widest  across  the  eves,  sides  before  the  latter  not 
prominent,  moderately  arcuate  over  the  antennal  insertions,  thence  quite 
straight  and  moderately  convergent  to  the  epistomal  angles,  the  latter  obtus- 
angular,  and  the  apex  transverse.  Frons  slightly  convex,  impressions  obsolete, 
sutures  obliterated ;  punctures  moderately  small,  subequal  in  size,  irregular, 
separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  one  to  four  times  their  diameter,  slightly 
denser  laterally  and  on  the  epistomal  apex.  Tempora  not  prominent  nor  arcu- 
ate, converging  posteriorly  from  the  eyes.  Antennae  slender,  moderate  in 
leng-th,  attaining  the  pronotal  base,  very  feebly  incrassate  in  distal  four  seg- 
ments; eighth  subtriangular,  ninth  and  tenth  irregularly  spherical;  eleventh 
short,  obconical  and  tuncate  at  apex. 

Pronotum  subquadrate,  a  little  wider  than  long,  apex  arcuately  but  not 
deeply  emarginate  between  the  anteriorly  prominent  and  acute  angles ;  sides 


248  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

slightly  and  evenly  arcuate,  parallel  in  posterior  two-thirds,  thence  more 
arcuately  converging  anteriorly  to  the  angles;  base  quite  transverse  in  feeble 
circular  arc,  angles  obtusangular  and  distinct.  Disk  evenly  and  moderately 
convex,  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  smaller  than  on  the  f rons ;  lateral  mar- 
ginal bead  feeble,  that  of  the  base  wider. 

Elytra.  Elytral  base  transverse,  humeral  angles  minute  and  not  in  the  least 
prominent;  sides  evenly,  broadly  and  moderately  arcuate  in  anterior  two- 
thirds,  thence  straighter  and  convergent  to  the  narrowly  rounded  and  slightly 
emarginate  apex,  the  tip  of  each  elytron  slightly  swollen.  Disk  strongly  convex, 
evenly  and  arcuately  declivous  laterally  and  moderately  inflexed,  obliquely 
declivous  in  apical  third;  punctures  in  unimpressed  striae,  very  small  and 
closely  placed ;  intervals  with  scattered  punctules.  Punctures  not  in  the  least 
muricate.  Legs  rather  long  and  comparatively  slender;  middle  and  hind 
femora  mutic. 

Males :  subf usif orm  and  narrower.  Abdomen  moderately  convex,  broadlj- 
flattened  centrally  on  first  three  segments,  more  strongly  and  narrowly  im- 
pressed or  somewhat  grooved  on  the  median  line. 

Female  :  ovate,  elytra  more  inflated,  sides  more  strongly  arcuate.  Abdomen 
moderately  strongly  convex. 

Measurements  :  (types)  length  25-27  mm.,  width  10-12  mm. 

Type  locality :  Mesquital,  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  5093,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  5094,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  July  28,  1938,  at  Mesquital,  Lower  California,  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Paratypes,  five  :  two  males  'and  three  females  with  same  data. 

Simondsi  can  be  recognized  by  its  robust  and  smooth  form,  and  the  mutic 
middle  and  hind  femora.  In  the  similarly  robust  species,  marthae  described 
above,  the  femora  are  all  strongly  armed. 

(165)  Eleodes  acuticaudaLeConte 

Eleodes  acuticauda  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  135^; — Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  181;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  314- ; 
Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  276\ 

This  fine  species  has  the  prothorax  at  least  one-half  wider  than  long,  the 
sides  very  strongly  arcuate  and  constricted  at  base.  Elytral  punctures  simple 
and  never  in  the  least  muricate.  Elytra  elongate,  strongly  and  gradually  pro- 
duced at  apex  and  directed  obliquely,  slightly  downward,  never  suddenly 
caudate ;  under  surface  of  the  cauda  formed  by  the  internal  surface  of  the 
elytra,  never  by  dilatation  of  the  epipleurae.  Females  not  caudate. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  southern  California";  Lower  California  at  San 
Pedro  Martir^ 

New  records  :  17  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  July  14;  Santo  Tomas,  August  3. 
Six  males  and  one  female,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  249 

(166)  Eleodes  lucae  LeConte 

Eleodes  lucae  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  114^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  312^;  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  2898; 
—1925,  Pan-Pacif .  Ent.,  2 :  80. 

Pronotum  quadrate,  apical  angles  anteriorly  prominent  and  acute,  sides 
evenly  arcuate.  Elj^tra  oval  and  convex,  quite  abruptly  attenuate  apically  and 
more  or  less  caudate  in  the  male ;  surface  distinctly  striato-punctate,  striae 
slightly  impressed.  Males  slightly  inflated.  Females  have  the  elytra  more  or 
less  inflated  and  the  apex  simpl}^  acute. 

Var.  ecaudata  Blaisdell.  Form  as  in  typical  lucae.  Elytral  apex  simply 
obliquely  attenuated  and  acute  at  tip  in  both  sexes. 

Type  localit}^ :  Cape  San  Lucas',  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Low^er  California :  Cape  San  Lucas^ 
and  Santa  Rosa^  (Beyer),  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Fuchs),  San  Pedro,  Dist.  Sur. 
(G.  F.  Ferris),  La  Paz  and  Santiago,  El  Tule  Ranch  near  Cape  San  Lucas 
(Thos.  Craig). 

Xew  records  :  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5  ;  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro, 
July  6 ;  Miraflores,  July  8 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9 ; 
5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ;  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13 ;  6 
miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15,  and  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  29. 

Fifty  specimens  of  the  typical  form  and  thirty-five  others  referred  to  the 
var.  eccnidata,  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

( 167 )  Eleodes  lucae  inflata  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  eschscholtzi  subsp.  inflata  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  291-292\ 
pi.  1,  fig.  22. 

Males  not  caudate,  elytral  apex  simply  acute ;  both  sexes  more  robust  and 
more  inflated  than  in  lucae,  varying  in  size.  Elytra  striato-punctate  as  in  lucae. 

Measurements  :  males  25  to  31  mm.,  females  26.5  to  32  mm. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1171,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1172,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  Cape  San  Lucas',  Lower  California,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

New  records  :  Venancio,  July  17  ;  La  Paz  and  15  miles  north,  July  5 ;  3  miles 
north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6 ;  El  Refugio  and  15  miles  north,  July  4 ;  5  miles 
south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  Mesquital, 
July  28 ;  20  miles  west  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  26 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion 
Bay,  July  29 ;  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27.  Gulf  of  California : 
Monserrate  Island,  May  25, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) . 

A  series  of  sixty-eight  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(168)  Eleodes  adumbrata  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  adumhrata  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  332\ 

This  species  belongs  to  the  Eschscholtzi  group  and  should  follow  inflata 
Blaisdell  in  our  lists.  The  body  surface  is  shining  and  smooth.  Elytra  not 


250  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

caudate  but  simply  obtusely  pointed  at  apex ;  strial  series  of  punctures  are 
more  or  less  distinct,  interstitial  punctures  sparse  and  irregular ;  the  intervals 
are  more  or  less  convex  producing  a  feeble  subcostate  appearance ;  each  punc- 
ture bears  a  minute  seta,  the  apical  declivity  being  somewhat  setigerous.  Legs 
slender.  The  integuments  are  thinner  than  in  lucae. 

Type  locality:  Middle  San  Benito  Island",  Pacific  coastal  group,  Lower 
California. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1688,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  1689,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  Hanna  and  Slevin,  August  13,  1922. 

Paratypes  with  same  data  and  others  from  East  and  AVest  San  Benito 
Islands ;  also  Asuncion  Island  of  the  Pacific  group. 

(169)  EleodesdiscinctaBlaisdell 

Eleodes  diseincta  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  333^ 

A  large  elongate  species.  In  the  male  the  elytra  are  attenuated  apically  to 
a  subacute  apex;  the  females  are  broader  and  the  elytra  more  briefly  nar- 
rowed apically.  The  inferior  surface  of  the  apex  is  formed  by  the  dilated 
epipleurae.  Pronotal  sides  evenly  arcuate,  apical  angles  acute  and  prominent 
anteriorly,  the  basal  obtuse.  The  elytra  have  unimpressed  striae  of  fine  punc- 
tures ;  intervals  flat,  sparsely  and  very  finely  punctulate,  laterally  and  apically 
they  may  become  slightly  convex. 

Type  locality :  Natividad  Island',  Pacific  coastal  group. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1690,  and  allotype,  male,  No.  1691,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  (Hanna). 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Pacific  coastal  islands :  Angulo  Rock, 
Asuncion,  Cedros  and  Santa  Margarita.  Lower  California:  San  Quintin, 
arroyo  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  March  21,  29  miles  north  of  Rosario, 
March  7.  Southern  California :  Mason  Valley,  San  Diego  County. 

New  records :  Low-er  California :  Arroyo  del  Rosarito,  March  30 ;  Rosario, 
San  Vicente,  May  11  (Wm.  E.  Simonds)  ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  south  of  Ensenada, 
August  2,  and  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  2  (Michelbacher  and  Ross) . 

(170)  Eleodes  mutilata  Blaisdell   . 

Eleodes  mutilata  Blaisdell,  1921,  Stanford  Univ.  Publ.,  Univ.  Ser.  Biol.  Sci.,  1:  222\ 

In  this  species  the  form  is  elongate  ovate.  Pronotum  quadrate  and  relatively 
small,  apical  angles  subacute,  small,  triangular  and  moderately  prominent 
anteriorly ;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  scarcely  sinuate  behind  the  apical  angles  or 
before  the  basal  angles,  the  latter  obtuse ;  disk  evenly  convex,  punctures  fine, 
sparse  and  subobsolete.  Elytra  smooth,  obsoletely  punctate,  punctures  small 
and  subequal  in  size,  in  closely  placed  series.  Femora  mutic. 

Type  locality :  Sierra  Laguna\  Lower  California  (Slevin) . 

Holotype,  male,  No.  908,  and  allotype,  female,  No.  909,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  distribution  :  only  known  from  the  type  region. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TEXEBBIOXIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  251 

Three  specimens,  one  a  paratj^pe,  collected  by  J.  R.  Slevin,  August  15, 1919. 

MiUilata  has  the  body  surface  smooth  and  all  of  the  femora  are  mutic ;  the 
form  of  the  pronotum  resembles  that  of  the  lucae  group.  The  species  appears 
to  represent  a  new  subgenus.  The  primary  genital  characters  place  it  before 
Steneleodes  Blaisdell. 

( 171 )  Eleodes  gigantea  meridionalis  Blaisdell 

Eleodes  gigantea  subsp.  meridionalis  Blaisdell,  1918,  Ent.  News,  29:  387^;  — 1925,  Pan- 
Pacif .  Ent.,  2  :  80. 

This  subspecies  is  similar  in  form  to  the  typical  gigantea  LeConte,  but 
differs  in  habitat,  and  can  be  recognized  by  the  very  fine  punctation.  The  males 
are  very  elongate  and  subcylindrical ;  females  broader  and  ovate,  at  times 
more  or  less  inflated.  All  of  the  femora  are  mutic.  Gigantea  has  the  elytral 
punctures  coarser,  distinct  and  granulato-punctate  (Mann.),  and  inhabits 
northern  California. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego',  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  2909,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  2910,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  southern  California  as  far  north  as  Kern 
and  Santa  Cruz  counties;  northern  Lower  California  as  far  south  as  San 
Pedro  Martir. 

(172)  Eleodes  gigantea  gentilis  LeConte 

Eleodes  gigantea  var.  gentilis  LeConte,  1858,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  187;  Blais- 
dell, 1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  p.  416. 

Gentilis  is  a  smaller  form,  occurring  in  the  regions  inhabited  by  meridionalis. 
It  may  occur  in  Lower  California  at  San  Pedro  Martir  and  San  Francisquito 
as  stated  by  Dr.  Horn.  All  the  specimens  from  Lower  California  referred  to 
gentilis  by  Dr.  Horn  proved  to  belong  to  insularis  Linell,  or  were  variations 
of  omissa  LeConte.  Col.  Casey  identified  males  of  pygrnaea  Blaisdell  as  gentilis. 
The  author  has  examined  the  LeConte  co-types  at  Cambridge.  Meridionalis  is 
replaced  in  the  San  Francisco  Bay  region  by  estriata  Case}^. 

(173)  Eleodes  (Steneleodes)  innocens  LeConte 

Eleodes  innocens  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  114^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  312;  Blaisdell,  1909,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
p.  429-. 

Innocens  is  the  only  species  of  the  subgenus  having  striate  elytra,  and  the 
surface  luster  is  dull. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California,  collected  by  John 
Xantus. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Low^er  California  :  El  Taste""  (Gustav  Beyer) ,  Sierra 
El  Chinehe^  (Chas.  Fuchs). 

New  record :  Miraflores,  July  8.  One  specimen  was  collected  by  Michel- 
baclier  and  Ross. 


252  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

In  addition  the  author  has  before  him  six  specimens  from  Lower  California, 
Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  as  follows :  San  Antonio,  July  12-17,  1919,  4 
(J.  R.  Slevin)  ;  San  Pedro,  July  5-6, 1919,  2. 

(174)  Amphidora  tenebrosa  Horn 

AmpMdora  tenehrosa  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   329^; 
Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  338. 

A  species  sparsely  invested  with  black,  erect  hairs.  Pronotum  broader  than 
long,  sides  strongly  rounded,  slightly  narrowing  behind,  with  the  basal  angles 
distinct.  Elytra  elongate  oval,  regularly  convex,  with  striae  of  large  punctures 
closely  placed ;  intervals  less  coarsely,  irregularly  punctate,  punctures  simple. 

Type  locality :  Lower  Calif ornia\  collected  by  W.  M.  Gabb. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California :  San  Quintin,  July  19  (Hanna). 
Pacific  coastal  islands:  San  Martin  (Hanna,  Keifer  and  Williams)  ;  South 
Todos  Santos  (Slevin). 

(175)  Amphidora  nigropilosa  LeConte 

AmpMdora  nigropilosa  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  136^;  Horn,  1870, 
Kevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  329^. 

A  species  invested  with  long  black  and  nearly  erect  hairs.  Color  deep  black. 
Sides  of  pronotum  strongly  arcuate,  basal  angles  distinct,  disk  densely  punc- 
tate. Elytra  broadly  and  rather  short  oval,  not  striate,  densely  punctate, 
punctures  muricate  and  irregular. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  a  littoral  species  of  southern  California ; 
abundant  from  San  Diego  to  Ventura.  Tejon^,  California  (Horn)  ? 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  San  Quintin,  May  8 ;  San  Domingo,  May  8 ; 
San  Vicente,  May  11  (Wm.  B.  Simonds);  south  of  Ensenada  at  Johnson 
Ranch,  May  5,  and  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2  (Michelbacher  and  Ross). 

The  species  occurs  only  at  the  upper  beach  line,  under  plants  and  other 
objects  that  offer  protection.  The  writer  has  never  known  it  to  be  found  at  a 
distance  from  the  upper  beach  line,  unless  the  soil  is  alkaline  and  the  plants 
such  as  grow  in  that  environment. 

(176)  Amphidora  subdeplanata  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  ovate,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide  at  middle  of  elytra,  the 
latter  somewhat  deplanate.  Co/or  black ;  antennae,  mouth-parts  ruf o-piceous, 
legs  piceous.  Body  sparsely  invested  with  moderately  long,  pale  yellowish 
hairs. 

Head  relatively  small,  widest  across  the  eyes,  twice  as  wide  as  long  before 
the  post-ocular  line ;  sides  distinctly  less  prominent  than  the  eyes  and  rather 
strongly  arcuate,  the  convergence  continuous  with  the  slightly  arcuate  sides 
of  the  epistoma,  and  broadly  emarginate  across  the  position  of  the  oblique 
suture;  epistomal  apex  transverse,  angles  rounded.  Frons  feebly  convex^ 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TEXEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  253 

slightly  and  broadly  impressed  on  the  position  of  the  obsolete  sutures ;  convex 
laterally  over  the  antennal  insertions  and  there,  briefly  declivous  against  the 
eyes ;  sparsely  and  irregularly  punctate  in  the  central  area,  punctures  some- 
what coarse,  slightly  impressed,  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  one  to  three 
times  their  diameter,  slightly  denser  laterally.  Labrum  transverse,  apex 
slightly  emarginate  at  middle,  angles  broadly  rounded.  Eyes  relatively  large, 
facets  moderately  small,  strongly  convex.  Antennae  slender,  relatively  long, 
distal  four  segments  moderately  incrassate ;  segments  two  to  seven  inclusive, 
cylindro-obconical,  eighth  subtriangulo-obconical  and  slightly  wider,  ninth 
spherical  and  as  wide  as  long ;  tenth  slightly,  transversely  oval  and  wider  than 
long;  eleventh  stouter,  spherically  subobovate,  subtruncate  at  apex  and  as 
wide  as  long ;  second  segment  smallest  and  obconical,  third  elongate  and  three 
times  as  long  as  the  second,  fourth  to  eighth  inclusive  subequal  in  length. 

Pronotum  subcircular  in  outline,  about  one-third  wider  than  long;  apex 
truncato-arcuate,  feebly  sinuate  laterally  within  the  angles,  the  latter  well 
rounded;  sides  broadly,  evenly  and  rather  strongly  arcuate ;  base  broadly  and 
feebly  arcuate,  quite  equal  in  width  to  the  apex,  angles  broadly  obtuse,  scarcely 
evident.  Disk  less  than  moderately  and  evenly  convex,  least  so  in  the  central 
area,  irregularly  punctate,  punctures  discrete,  moderately  coarse,  not  denser 
laterally,  marginal  bead  not  visible  from  above. 

Elytra  short  oval,  slightly  longer  than  wide,  about  two  and  two-fifths  times 
longer  than  the  pronotum,  about  one-fourth  wider  than  the  same ;  base  slightly 
wider  than  that  of  the  pronotum,  humeri  rounded ;  sides  evenly  arcuate,  sub- 
parabolically  rounded  in  apical  fourth.  Disk  feebly  convex,  strongly  but  not 
broadly,  arcuately  declivous  and  inflexed  laterally,  quite  arcuately  precipi- 
tous apically;  rather  densely  punctate,  punctures  moderately  coarse  and 
feebly  muricate  laterally  and  apically,  series  of  small  punctures  faintly  in- 
dicated. 

Abdomen  moderately  convex,  sparsely  and  rather  coarsely  punctate,  as  well 
as  more  or  less  irregularly  rugose.  Legs  of  moderate  length  and  somewhat 
slender.  Metatibiae  quite  equal  in  length  to  the  metaf emora ;  metatarsi  two- 
thirds  as  long  as  their  tibia ;  first  tarsal  segment  as  long  the  second  and  third 
combined,  distinctly  shorter  than  the  fourth. 

Measurements  :  length  11  mm.,  width  5  mm. 

Holotype,  an  unique  male.  No.  5083,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected 
at  San  Quintin,  Lower  California,  August  2, 1920,  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(177)  Cratidus  rotundicollis  Horn 

Cratidus  rotundicollis  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   328^; 
Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  350^. 

In  this  species  the  sides  of  the  pronotum  are  strongly  arcuate  from  the 
apical  to  the  basal  angles,  the  latter  not  prominent,  and  the  elytra  have  dis- 
tinct striae  of  coarse  punctures.  In  the  other  two  species  of  the  genus,  osculans 
LeConte  and  fitscipilosus  Casey,  the  pronotal  sides  are  distinctly  sinuate  be- 


254  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

fore  tlie  basal  angles.  The  males  have  a  tooth  near  the  apex  of  the  hind  tibia. 
In  all  of  the  species  the  body  is  clothed  with  long,  erect  yellow  or  blackish  hairs. 

Tj^pe  locality:  LoAver  California^;  collected  by  W.  M,  Gabb. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  Lower  California  at  Cabo  San  Lucas ; 
Pacific  coastal  islands :  Grand  Canyon,  Cedros ;  Angulo  Rock,  Asuncion, 
August  1, 1922  (Hanna  and  Slevin). 

New  records :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21 ;  14  miles  south  of 
El  Arco  Mine,  June  23.  Four  specimens,  all  females,  were  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross. 

(178)  Uluscrassus  (LeConte) 

Blapstinus  crassus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  146\ 
Ulus  crassus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  358^;  — 1894,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  351*;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  413^ 

Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  convex.  Color  dark  brown  to  piceous.  Pubes- 
cence short,  ochreous  and  scale-like,  dense,  conspicuous.  Pronotum  as  wide  at 
middle  as  at  base.  Elytral  striae  distinctly  impressed,  with  punctures  mod- 
erately coarse,  and  very  closely  placed;  intervals  alternately  narrower  and 
flat,  and  wider  and  more  convex. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego\  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  California :  San  Francisco' ;  Arizona^ ; 
Utah* ;  Lower  California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo*. 

The  species  usually  occur  on  sandy  soil  in  the  vicinity  of  water. 

(179)  Ulus  obliquus  (LeConte) 

Blapstinus  ohliquus  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  117^. 

Ulus  ohliquus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  358. 

This  species  is  larger  and  more  convex  than  the  common  crassus,  and  can 
be  recognized  by  the  sides  of  the  pronotum  being  less  arcuate  and  straighter. 
It  is  allied  to  latus  Blaisdell  of  southern  California,  and  hirsiitus  Champion  of 
Mexico. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California,  collected  by  John 
Xantus. 

Recorded  distribution  :  t^^pe  region  onl}^ 

New  records :  10  miles  south  of  Cataviha,  Lower  California,  July  29.  Only 
one  specimen  of  this  rare  species  was  secured  bj'-  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(180)  Blapstinus  dilatatus  LeConte 

Blapstinus  dilatatus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  146^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  353';  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  430^ 
pi.  4,  fig.  1 ;  Champion,  1893,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  4,  Pt.  1,  p.  127^ 

One  of  the  larger  species  of  oblong  and  robust  form.  Pronotum  very  densely 
punctate,  the  punctures  strongly  longitudinally  confluent  throughout.  Elytral 
striae  entire  and  coarsely  punctate;  pubescence  of  yellow  and  piceous  hairs 
confusedly  intermixed.  Anterior  tarsi  of  male  strongly  dilated. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  255 

Type  locality :  "Acl  flnmen  Colorado"^  California  ? 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Camp  Grant",  Arizona ;  southern  Cali- 
fornia and  Arizona^ ;  Mexico  :  northern  Sonora*  (Morrison) . 

A  common  species  in  the  regions  recorded.  It  has  well  developed  wings.  The 
author  has  observed  several  individuals  in  slow  and  labored  flight. 

(181)  Blapstinus  rufipes  Casey 

Blapstinus  rufipes  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  439^. 

A  common  species  in  southern  California.  Form  elongate-oval,  strongly  con- 
vex, luster  dull.  Color  piceous-black,  legs  bright  rufo-ferruginous.  Pubescence 
fine,  rather  long  and  moderately  dense,  dark  piceous  and  very  inconspicuous. 
Anterior  tarsi  of  male  strongly  dilated,  second  and  third  segments  equal  in 
width  and  length.  Abdomen  of  male  rather  narrowly  and  feebly  impressed 
toward  base.  Wings  very  rudimentary. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  southern  California;  Arizona^;  En- 
senada,  Lower  California  (Van  Dyke) . 

Easily  recognized  by  its  convex  form,  rufous  legs  and  slightly  darker  an- 
tennae. A  good  series  from  Ensenada. 

(182)  Blapstinus  coronadensis  Blaisdell 

Blapstinus  coronadensis  Blaisdell,  1892,  Ent.  News,  3 :  242\ 

One  of  a  group  of  closely  related  species.  Form  elongate-oval,  sides  parallel, 
less  than  moderately  convex.  Color  piceous,  antennae  and  legs  ruf  o-subpiceous. 
Pubescence  rather  abundant,  recumbent  and  pale  flavate.  Superior  lobes  of 
the  eyes  moderate  in  size  and  suboval.  Pronotal  sides  less  than  moderately 
arcuate,  converging  in  apical  one-third;  base  transverse,  lateral  sinuations 
feeble ;  disk  rather  finely,  densel}^  and  evenly  punctate,  slightly  denser  later- 
ally. Elytral  disk  finely  striate,  striae  very  feebly  impressed,  finely  and  reg- 
ularly punctate ;  intervals  extremely  finely  punctate.  Wings  well  developed. 
Anterior  tarsi  of  male  moderately  widely  dilated,  third  and  fourth  segments 
quite  equal  in  width. 

Type  locality  :  Coronado  peninsula^  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution  :  extreme  southern  California. 

A  large  series  studied.  The  species  undoubtedly  occurs  in  the  adjacent  area 
of  Lower  California,  and  is  replaced  by  amnosus  Blaisdell  farther  south. 

(183)  Blapstinus  amnosus  Blaisdell 

Blapstinus  amnosus  Blaisdell,  1923.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  272\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  less  than  moderately  convex.  Color  dark  piceous,  an- 
tennae and  legs  paler;  surface  slightly  shining.  Wings  well  developed  and 
functional.  Pubescence  rather  coarse,  almost  conspicuous,  brownish  and 
recumbent.  L^pper  lobe  of  the  eyes  round.  Pronotal  sides  feebly  arcuate, 
parallel ;  disk  evenly  and  not  strongly  convex,  punctures  small,  well  defined, 


256  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

coalescing  slightly  laterally.  Anterior  tarsi  of  the  male  rather  strongly  dilated, 
somewhat  gradually  increasing  in  width  from  first  to  third  segment. 

Type  locality :  Angeles  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1189,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1190,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  May  5,  1921.  Four  paratypes  with 
same  data. 

(184)  Blapstinus  brevicoUis  LeConte 

Blapstinus  IrevicolUs  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  147^;  Horn,  1870, 
Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  353^;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci., 
5 :  4523. 

Form  oblong-oval,  rather  robust,  broad  and  somewhat  depressed.  Color 
black  to  castaneous,  antennae  and  legs  rufo-ferruginous,  luster  dull.  Pubes- 
cence moderate  in  length,  recumbent,  fine,  not  dense  and  piceo-fulvous.  Wings 
well  developed.  Eyes  small.  Third  antennal  segment  shorter  than  the  next 
two  combined.  Prothorax  short  and  transverse.  Anterior  tarsi  of  male  feebly 
dilated. 

Type  locality  :  San  Francisco^  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  California :  San  Diego  to  Tehama 
County ;  abundant  near  San  Francisco'' ;  Washington  State^ 

Common  in  southern  California.  The  species  undoubtedly  occurs  in  the 
extreme  northern  part  of  Lower  California.  In  the  male  the  first  three  ventral 
abdominal  segments  are  feebly  impressed  at  middle. 

(185)  Blapstinus  densipunctatus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oval,  slightly  elongate,  somewhat  narrowed  anteriorly,  about  two  and 
one-fourth  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color  deep  black ;  antennae  and  legs  dark 
ruf  o-piceous.  Luster  dull  and  more  or  less  alutaceous.  Pubescence  short,  brown- 
ish and  inconspicuous. 

Head  relatively  moderately  large,  widest  across  the  eyes,  a  little  less  than 
one-half  wider  than  long  before  the  postocular  line;  sides  broadly  arcuate  and 
moderately  convergent  to  the  well  rounded  epistomal  angles ;  epistomal  apex 
moderately  deeply  emarginate.  Frons  evenly  and  less  than  moderately  convex, 
sutures  obsolescent,  densely  punctate;  punctures  small  and  separated  by  a 
distance  less  than  their  diameter,  each  with  a  subdecumbent,  black  setiform 
hair.  Tempora  small,  arcuately  continuous  with  the  sides.  Eyes  moderate  in 
size,  upper  lobe  small  and  oval,  slightly  convex.  Antennae  rather  stout,  incras- 
sate  in  distal  five  segments. 

Pronotum  equally  wdde  at  base  and  middle,  about  two-thirds  wider  than 
long ;  apex  broadly  emarginate  in  moderate  circular  arc,  angles  slightly  promi- 
nent and  obtusely  rounded;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  converging  before  the 
middle ;  base  about  one-half  wider  than  apex,  distinctly  arcuate  in  middle 
two-fourths,  broadly  sinuate  laterally,  angles  obtuse  and  slightly  prominent 
posteriorly.  Disk  moderately  strongly  convex  from  side  to  side,  without  basal 
impressions,  densely  punctate ;  punctures  small  and  distinct,  separated  by  a 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  257 

distance  equal  to  their  diameter  or  less,  slightly  confluent  laterally,  the  mar- 
ginal bead  fine  and  weak,  the  basal  narrow  and  flat. 

Elytra  oval,  base  emarginate  in  middle  two-fourths,  becoming  slightly 
arcuate  laterally  and  adapted  to  the  pronotal  base  and  equal  in  width,  humeri 
rather  narrowly  rounded;  sides  broadly  arcuate,  parabolically  rounded  in 
posterior  third,  apex  obtuse.  Disk  moderately  strongly  convex,  arcuately 
declivous  laterally,  more  gradually  so  apically,  obsoletely  striate  in  the  para- 
sutural  area,  striae  evident  and  slightly  impressed  laterally  and  apically; 
strial  punctures  small,  intervals  rather  wide  and  sparsely  punctulate,  each 
puncture  with  a  subdecumbent  setiform  hair;  lateral  marginal  beads  not 
visible  from  above. 

Abdomen  moderately  convex,  densely  punctate.  Legs  moderate  in  stoutness 
and  length. 

Measurements  :  length  6  mm.,  width  3  mm. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  5082,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  at  Todos 
Santos,  Lower  California,  July  15, 1938,  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Another 
with  same  data  is  with  some  doubt  referred  to  densipunctatus,  and  may  be 
considered  a  paratype. 

The  species  somewhat  resembles  hrevicollis  LeConte,  but  is  deep  black  in 
color  and  distinctly  smaller,  slightly  narrowed  anteriorly,  feebl}^  widest  at 
posterior  third  of  the  elytra.  In  hrevicollis  the  form  is  oblong-oval,  color  more 
or  less  piceous ;  the  pronotal  sides  are  but  feebly  if  at  all  convergent  anteriorly. 

(186)  Blapstinussulcatus  LeConte 

Blapstinus  sulcaUis  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  147^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  352^;  Casey,  1891,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  460^ 

A  species  having  the  anterior  tarsi  feebly  dilated  in  the  male.  Vestiture 
cinereous  and  conspicuous,  in  the  form  of  short,  robust,  nearly  erect  scales. 
Pronotal  sides  narrowly  reflexo-explanate.  Elytra  with  coarse,  deep  and 
coarsely  punctured  grooves.  Third  antennal  segment  much  longer  than  the 
next  two  combined. 

Type  locality :  Vallecitas\  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Fort  Yuma",  California ;  California  and 
Texas^ ;  Arizona. 

New  records  :  collected  at  Ensenada,  Lower  California,  January  6,  by  M.  A. 
Cazier. 

A  common  species  in  southern  California :  San  Diego ;  Imperial,  San  Ber- 
nardino, and  Los  Angeles  counties. 

(187)  Conibius  oblongus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oblong  and  parallel,  slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide.  Color 
black,  antennae,  mouth-parts,  margin  of  the  frons,  sterna  and  head  beneath 
reddish-brown.  Luster  dull  and  alutaceous. 


258  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Head  slightly  widest  before  the  eyes,  about  four-sixths  wider  than  long- 
before  the  post-ocular  line;  sides  broadly  and  evenly  arcuate  to  the  epistoma, 
the  latter  feebly  sinuate  at  middle  of  the  apex.  Frons  less  than  moderately 
convex,  oblique  sutures  fine  and  distinct,  very  finely  and  densely  punctate. 
Tempora  Yery  short,  feebly  prominent  behind  the  eyes  and  obliquely  con- 
verging posteriorly.  Eyes  completely  divided  by  the  canthi,  superior  lobes 
small  and  circular.  Antennae  rather  stout  and  of  moderate  leng:th,  about 
attaining  the  pronotal  base. 

PronoUtm  two-thirds  wider  than  long,  widest  at  middle,  about  one-fourth 
wider  than  head,  and  quite  one-sixth  wider  at  base  than  at  apex,  the  latter 
transverse,  angles  obtusely  rounded,  not  in  the  least  prominent ;  sides  parallel, 
slightly  arcuate,  feebly  more  arcuate  in  apical  fourth;  base  subtruncate, 
angles  distinct,  obtuse-angular  and  not  in  the  least  prominent  posteriorly. 
Lateral  and  basal  marginal  beads  very  fine.  Disk  evenly  convex,  somewhat 
declivous  antero-laterally,  very  narrowly  impressed  within  the  lateral  beads ; 
densely  punctate,  punctures  small,  discrete  and  slightly  larger  laterally. 

Elytra  oblong,  parallel,  broadly  rounded  at  apex,  moderately  convex ;  less 
than  one-half  longer  than  wide,  about  twice  as  long  as  the  pronotum  and  an 
eighth  Avider,  base  subtruncate;  discal  striae  fine,  not  distinctly  impressed, 
very  finely  punctate  ;  intervals  flat,  extremely  finely  punctulate,  each  punctule 
with  a  minute  pale  seta. 

Ventral  surface  finely  punctate.  Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness. 

Measurements  :  length  5  mm.,  width  2  mm. 

Holotype,  No.  5084,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  at  Chapala  Dry 
Lake,  Lower  California,  June  21,  1938,  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  A  single 
specimen  of  undetermined  sex;  apparently  related  to  guaelalupensis  Casey. 

(188)  Conibius  opacus  (LeConte) 

NotiMus  opacus  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  118^ ;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis.  Tenebr., 

Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc.  14:  365. 
Conibius  (Ooconihius)  opacus  Casey,  1895,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  618. 

This  species  is  opaque  black,  the  head  anteriorly,  antennae  and  legs  may  be 
slightly  rufescent.  Pronotal  disk  very  densely  and  aciculately  punctured. 
Elytra  with  feeble  series  of  fine  punctures;  lateral  margins  not  or  scarcely 
visible  from  above.  Anterior  tibiae  not  dilated. 

Type  locality:  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California  (John  Xantus). 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona  and  Lower  California  (Horn)  ;  Lower  Cali- 
fornia :  Loreto,  Angeles  Bay,  Las  Animas  Bay,  San  Nicolas  Bay ;  Gulf  of 
California:  Ceralbo  Island,  June  7  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee),  San  Diego  Island, 
Tortuga  Island,  Santa  Cruz  Island,  Santa  Catalina  Island,  Puerto  Ballandra, 
Carmen  Island,  San  Pedro  Nolasco  Island. 

New  records  :  Miraflores  and  Santiago,  July  8  ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  23  ;  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6.  A  series 
of  twentj^-four  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TEXEBEIOXIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORXIA  259 

(189)  Conibius  reflexus  (Horn) 

Notibius  reflexus  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  429\ 
Conibius  (Ooconihius)  reflexus  Casey,  1895,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8 :  618. 

Form  nearly  of  opaciis  LeConte,  velvety  black,  legs  and  antennae  more  or 
less  ruf o-piceous ;  elytral  striae  a  little  stronger,  and  the  entire  lateral  margin 
visible  from  above  and  slightly  reflexed  near  base  (Horn).  Anterior  tibiae 
merely  slightly  broader  from  base  to  apex  and  similar  in  the  sexes.  The  male 
has  the  first  two  ventral  segments  slightly  flatter  at  middle. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo",  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  heretofore  only  known  from  the  type  region.  Ceralbo 
Island,  June  7,  Gulf  of  California. 

New  records  :  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz, 
July  5 ;  and  Magdalena  Bay,  July  18,  Low^er  California.  Fourteen  specimens 
were  collected  bv  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(190)  Conibius  ventralis  Blaisdell 

Conibius  ventralis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12 :  274\ 

Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  strongly  convex.  Color  black,  antennae  and 
legs  dark  rufo-piceous,  luster  dull.  Head  coarsely  and  densely  punctate, 
punctures  more  or  less  coalescent.  Pronotum  moderately  convex  and  closely 
punctate,  punctures  coalescing  more  or  less,  intervals  fine  reticulate  lines  to 
somewhat  longitudinal.  Elytra  finely  striate,  striae  of  shallow,  moderately 
small  punctures,  intervals  flat  to  feebly  convex  laterally  and  on  apex.  In  the 
male  the  first  three  ventral  abdominal  segments  are  rather  deeply  impressed 
at  middle ;  first  segment  of  the  front  tarsi  has  a  rounded  tuft  of  yellowish 
pubescence  beneath. 

Type  locality  :  Espiritu  Santo  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  a  small  series  from  the  type  region,  June  9,  1921 
(E.  P.  VanDuzee). 

(191)  Notibius  puberulus  LeConte 

Notibius  puberulus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  145%-  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  356^;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  479^ 

In  NoWhius  the  third  antennal  segment  is  feebly  obconical,  about  twice  as 
long  as  wide,  and  but  slightly  shorter  than  the  next  two  combined.  Form  mod- 
erately broad  oblong-oval.  Color  piceous-black,  anterior  portions  often  slightly 
paler.  Third  antennal  segment  elongate  and  feebly  obconical.  Pronotal  punc- 
tures rather  transverse,  dense  and  strongly  asperate ;  lateral  margins  broadly 
reflexo-explanate  and  ciliate.  Elytral  striae  not  impressed,  with  series  of  small 
widely  distant  punctures  very  indistinct.  Antennae  and  legs  more  or  less 
dark  rufous. 

Type  locality  :  Vallecitas\  San  Diego  County,  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  Colorado  Desert, 
San  Bernardino  County  (Dunn)^,  Inyo  County  (J.  0.  Martin),  Arizona^,  and 
St.  George,  Utah  (Van  Dyke) . 


260  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  and  Cha- 
pala  Dry  Lake,  June  21.  Two  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
The  species  occurs  about  or  in  ants'  nests. 

(192)  Nocibiotes  granulatus  (LeConte) 

Notiiius  granulatus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  145^;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis. 

Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  SS?^;  — 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,   (2),  4: 

35P;  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  474. 
NociUotes  granulatus,  Casey,  1895,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  618;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  275*. 

In  this  genus  the  elytra  are  sulcate,  the  intervals  convex  and  asperate.  Form 
elongato-oblong,  moderately  convex.  Color  black,  antennae  and  legs  rufous, 
luster  dull.  Pronotum  quadrate,  sides  moderately  arcuate  anteriorly,  narrowly 
margined;  apical  angles  blunt,  the  basal  large  and  prominent  posteriorly; 
disk  finely  and  very  densely  punctate,  punctures  shallow,  slightly  scabrous, 
not  coalescent.  Elytra  striate,  striae  impressed,  finely,  rather  closely  punctate ; 
intervals  convex  and  with  an  irregular  series  of  fine  asperate  punctures  in  the 
middle  portion.  Abdomen  coarsely  and  densely-  punctate.  In  the  male  the  an- 
terior and  middle  tibiae  are  more  or  less  bent  and  obtusely  swollen  internall.y 
before  the  middle. 

Type  locality :  Vallecitas^  San  Diego  County,  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California ;  Arizona" ;  Low^er 

California  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Comondu'',  Las  Animas  Bay  (Van  Duzee) ; 

Gulf  of  California :  Puerto  Ballandra,  Carmen  Island ;  Mexico :  Tepoca,  So- 

noran  coast. 

(193)  Tonibiastes  costipennis  (Horn) 

Notibius  costipennis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  430\ 
Toniiiastes  costipennis,  Casey,  1895,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  617. 

In  the  present  genus  the  pronotum  is  narrowed  behind,  and  the  elytral  inter- 
vals acutely  costiform.  The  species  is  to  be  recognized  by  its  opaque  luster. 
Pronotum  transverse  and  widest  before  the  middle,  surface  very  densely, 
somewhat  longitudinally  and  strigosely  punctate.  Elytra  deeply  sulcate.  Legs 
black. 

Type  locality  :  Magdalena',  Pacific  coastal  island. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Baja  Purisima 
(Horn)  ;  Magdalena  Bay,  May  29,  1925  (Keifer)  ;  Margarita  Island,  Pacific 
coast,  July  25, 1922  (Hanna) . 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  and 
Magdalena  Bay,  July  18-19  (Michelbacher  and  Ross),  four  specimens. 

Dr.  Horn  had  two  mutilated  specimens,  his  example  from  Baja  Purisima 
being  a  paratype. 

(194)  Tonibius  rossi  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate,  moderately  slender,  three  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color,  body 
nigro-piceous,  appendages  more  or  less  rufous. 

Head  subquadrate,  about  a  fifth  wider  than  long  before  the  nuchal  constric- 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  261 

tion ;  tempora  and  sides  subequally  prominent ;  sides  moderately  explanate 
over  the  antennal  insertions,  before  the  eyes  subparallel  and  arcuate,  thence 
convergent  and  nearly  straight  to  the  position  of  the  oblique  sutures.  Frons 
scarcely  convex,  rather  feebly  and  broadly  flattened  centrally  behind  the 
epistomal  base,  slightly  convex  before  the  eyes;  densely  punctate,  punctures 
moderately  small,  round  and  distinct,  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  one  or 
two  times  their  diameter,  laterally  they  are  more  oval  and  slightly  denser. 
Epistomal  apex  subtriangularh^  but  not  deeply  emarginate,  lateral  lobes 
evenly  arcuate  between  the  oblique  sutures  and  the  emargination,  the  former 
more  or  less  distinct,  frontal  suture  obsolete  centrally;  upper  lobes  of  the 
eyes  slightly  oval  and  sunken.  Antennae  quite  as  long  as  the  head  and  pro- 
notum,  or  the  pronotal  width ;  third  segment  elongate,  twice  as  long  as  wide 
and  equal  to  the  fourth  and  fifth  combined,  fourth  slightly  longer  than  wide, 
fifth  to  the  eighth  quadrate  and  equal,  ninth  and  tenth  slightl}^  larger,  eleventh 
obovate  and  a  little  longer  than  wide ;  the  last  three  forming  a  feebly  differ- 
entiated club. 

Pronotuyn  subquadrate,  apex  subemarginato-truncate,  not  beaded,  angles 
not  prominent  and  slightly  obtusangular ;  sides  very  moderately  arcuate, 
straighter  and  noticeably  convergent  posteriorly;  base  broadly  arcuate, 
slightly  and  broadly  sinuate  within  the  angles,  distinctly  margined,  angles 
almost  rectangular.  Disk  moderately  and  evenly  convex,  densely  punctate, 
punctures  similar  to  those  of  the  frons,  separated  by  a  distance  equal 
to  one  or  two  times  their  diameter,  in  about  lateral  fifths  the  punctures  be- 
come slightly  oval  in  series  of  three  or  four,  the  intervals  forming  elon- 
gate flat  lines. 

Elytra :  the  base  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate,  adapted  to  that  of  the  pro- 
notum,  humeri  obsolete ;  sides  broadly  and  moderately  arcuate  to  the  obtuse 
apex,  the  apices  slightly  separated  at  the  suture,  each  angle  slightly  rounded. 
Disk  moderately  strongly  convex,  arcuately  declivous  laterally  and  apically, 
feebly  striate  with  series  of  very  small,  unimpressed  punctures;  intervals  in 
the  sutural  area  flat,  thence  lateral  becoming  convex  and  subcarinate,  each 
crest  with  a  single  series  of  small,  smooth  and  shining  granules,  each  with  a 
A^ery  small  seta  at  the  posterior  end.  These  elevations  are  strong  laterally  and 
on  the  apical  declivity,  in  the  sutural  area  they  are  very  feeble. 

Abdomen  moderately  convex.  Punctation  of  ventral  surface  not  strong, 
dense  on  the  sterna  and  sides  of  the  prothorax ;  on  the  ventral  segments  the 
punctures  are  discrete,  small,  each  with  a  longer  seta.  Epipleurae  and  para- 
sterna  nearly  impunctate,  a  few  scattered  punctules  are  discernible.  Legs  mod- 
erate in  length,  femora  not  inflated. 

Measurements  :  (types)  length  6-6.5  mm.,  width  2-2.4  mm. 

Male  :  slender.  Apex  of  the  fifth  abdominal  segment  semicircularly  arcuate, 
surface  not  noticeably  impressed.  Anterior  tibiae  straight,  slightly  prominent 
at  inner  angle  of  the  apex,  acutely  subspiniform ;  articular  surface  outwardly 
oblique  with  the  angle  obtusely  rounded. 


262  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Female :  noticeably  broader.  Apex  of  fifth  ventral  segment  rather  more 
broadly  arcuate.  Anterior  tibiae  straight,  inner  apical  angle  less  prominent ; 
articular  end  less  oblique  and  narrower. 

Holotype,  male,  No.  5073,  and  alloUjpe,  female,  No.  5074,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  at  Comondu,  Lower  California,  July  22, 1938,  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross.  Paratypes  eighteen  in  number. 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  Comondu,  July  22 ;  15  miles  north  of  El 
Refugio,  July  4 ;  Miraflores,  July  8 ;  5  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10.  One 
specimen  was  taken  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  at  Porto  Ballandra,  Carmen  Island, 
Gulf  of  California,  May  22, 1921. 

Rossi  must  not  be  mistaken  for  Nocihiotes  granulatus  LeConte.  In  the  latter 
the  posterior  angles  of  the  pronotum  are  prominent  posteriorly;  the  body  lus- 
ter is  dull  and  the  granules  of  the  elytral  intervals  are  smaller,  and  the  punc- 
tures are  minutely  muricate.  In  rossi  the  pronotal  angles  are  subrectangular 
and  not  prominent,  the  body  luster  is  more  or  less  shining ;  the  small  tubercles 
of  the  elytral  intervals  are  smooth  and  shining,  slightly  longer  than  wide  and 
the  punctures  are  not  muricate,  but  have  a  very  small  seta  located  at  their 
posterior  end. 

(195)  Tonibius  sulcatus  (LeConte) 

Notibius  sulcatus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  145^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 

Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  357. 
Conihius  sulcatus  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  472 ;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  270. 

In  the  genus  Tonibius  the  elytra  are  sulcate,  the  intervals  convex  and  simply 
punctate.  In  sulcatus  the  apical  pronotal  and  basal  angles  are  obtuse  and  not 
prominent.  The  elytral  intervals  equal  in  elevations. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego^  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  San  Diego  County,  California ;  Arizona ; 
northern  Lower  California :  San  Pedro  Martir,  Calmalli  Mines,  San  Quintin 
and  Angeles  Bay ;  Gulf  of  California :  Pond  Island,  Isla  Partida. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Mesquital,  June  22 ;  14  miles  south  of  El 
Arco  Mine,  June  23  ;  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21.  Five  specimens 
were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(196)  Trichoton  sordidum  (LeConte) 

Blapstinus  sordidus  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5  :  146^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 

Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  352^. 
Trichoton  sordidum  LeConte,  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  351^;  Casey, 

1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  410*. 

Easily  recognized  by  the  opaque  and  sordid  appearance,  flattened  superior 
surface,  and  broad  flattened  margin  of  the  pronotum.  The  alternate  intervals 
of  the  elytra  are  elevated.  Pubescence  rather  coarse  and  brownish  and  piceous 
intermixed. 

Type  locality :  Colorado\ 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  263 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  Arizona'",  Camp  Grant^;  Utah^;  south- 
ern California:  Blythe,  Palm  Springs;  Lower  California:  San  Quintin^ 
(Fuchs),  Santa  Cruz,  Santa  Rosa  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

New  records :  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  Jul}^  21,  Lower  California. 
Two  specimens  secured  b}'  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(197)  Ammodonusgranosus  Fall 

Ammodonus  granosus  Fall,  1912,  Can.  Ent.,  44:  47\ 

This  species  is  congeneric  with  fossor  LeConte,  differing  notably  in  its 
granulose  head  and  pronotum,  slightl}^  wider  head  and  less  transverse  pro- 
notum;  the  elytral  markings  are  stronger,  protibiae  stouter  with  broader 
apical  process. 

Type  locality :  Rincon  Mts.  (FaU)  of  southern  Arizona\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Tucson  (Ow^en  Br^^ant),  and  St.  Xaxier 
(E.  P.  Van  Duzee),  Arizona ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  5  miles  south  of  Mirafiores,  July  10 ;  and 
at  Bartolo,  July  13.  Twenty-six  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 

(198)  Phaleria  pilif  era  LeConte 

Phaleria  pilif  era  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  125^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  376^;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(4), 12:  276^ 

Typical  specimens  are  black,  and  the  color  varies  to  testaceous,  occasionally 
the  pronotal  and  elytral  borders  alone  are  black.  The  form  is  moderately  de- 
pressed, pronotal  and  elytral  sides  fringed  with  yellow  hairs ;  femora  strongly, 
sparsely  punctate,  the  punctures  are  large  and  f  ovea-like. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California.  (Xantus) . 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  Angeles  Bay,  June 
26;  Las  Animas  Bay,  May  8;  Cape  San  Lucas\  Gulf  of  California:  Mejia 
Island,  April  30 ;  Granite  Island,  May  2 ;  Freshwater  Bay,  Tiburon  Island, 
April  23  ;  Puerto  Refugio,  Angel  de  la  Guardia,  May  1  (Van  Duzee).  Tepoca 
Bay,  Sonoran  coast,  Mexico.  Reported  to  occur  at  Yuma,  Arizona. 

New  records  :  Lower  California  :  La  Paz,  July  16  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion 
Bay,  June  29 ;  and  12  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  27.  Twenty-four 
specimens  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

In  1921,  Mr.  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  collected  a  large  series  on  the  islands  recorded 
above ;  he  observed  them  in  uncounted  thousands  on  a  small  beach  after  dark 
at  Angeles  Bav. 

(199)  Phaleria  latus  Blaisdell 

Phaleria  latus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  276\ 

Latus  occurs  with  pilif  era  LeConte.  It  is  noticeably  more  robust  and  larger, 
varying  in  size  and  color.  The  punctation  of  the  femora  is  sparse  and  not 
foveate.  The  pubescence  of  the  A'entral  surface  is  more  abundant. 


264  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality :  San  Luis  Island',  Gulf  of  California. 

Holotype,  female,  No.  1193,  and  allotype.  No.  1194,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
Bnt.,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  April  27, 1921. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Lower  California  :  Gonzales  Bay,  April 
28  (Van  Duzee)  ;  Gulf  of  California:  Puerto  Refugio,  Angel  de  la  Guardia 
Island,  June  29;  Mejia  Island,  April  20. 

A  good  series  was  taken  by  Mr.  Van  Duzee  in  1921.  The  specimens  vary  in 
color  from  fuscous  to  nigro-piceous  and  dark  testaceous.  An  occasional  speci- 
men shows  a  tendency  for  the  pronotal  and  elytral  borders  to  be  paler. 

(200)  Phaleria  rotundata  LeConte 

Phaleria  rotundata  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5:  148^;  —1866,  Smiths. 
Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  125;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14:  375. 

A  small  testaceous,  elliptical  species  occurring  on  ocean  beaches  beneath 
kelp,  having  the  outer  segments  of  the  antennae  transverse,  pronotal  base 
finely  margined,  elytra  not  wider  than  the  pronotal  base;  margins  of  the 
prothorax  and  elytra  without  long  hairs.  Under  surface  of  body  occasionally 
black  and  the  elytra  may  be  infuscate  centrally. 

Type  locality  :  San  Diego\  California. 

Recorded  distribution  :  southern  California  sea  beaches,  and  those  of  north- 
ern Lower  California ;  San  Quintin. 

New  records:  Ensenada,  Lower  California  (Slevin,  Van  Duzee,  and  Si- 
monds).  Four  specimens  of  this  common  species  was  secured  by  Wm.  E. 
Simonds. 

(201)  Phaleria  debiiis  LeConte 

Phaleria  deMlis  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  126^;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  376;  —  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  Pt.  1,  4:  352. 

Easily  recognized  by  the  small  size  and  testaceous  color ;  f rons  and  occiput 
more  or  less  blackish.  Pronotal  disk  not  punctulate,  base  not  margined.  Ely- 
tral striae  not  impressed  dorsally,  slightly  so  laterally  and  apically ;  a  small 
blackish  spot  at  about  middle  of  each  elytron. 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas',  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  type  region.  Dr.  Horn  states  that  it  occurs  at  Fort 
Yuma,  California. 

New  records  :  5  miles  north  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  17,  Lower  California.  Four- 
teen specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  It  occurs  on  the  sea 
beaches  and  common  about  decaying  or  dry  animal  matter. 

(202)  Cherostus  peninsularis  (Horn) 

Bhipidandrus  peninsularis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4 :  392\ 
Cherostus  peninsularis  Sharp,  1905,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Vol.  2,  pt.  1,  p.  391;  Leng,  1920, 
Cat.  Coleopt.  N.  Amer.,  p.  232. 

Form  small,  cylindrical.  Color  brown  to  nigro-piceous,  subopaque,  antennae 
and  legs  paler.  Head  and  pronotal  disk  reticulate ;  epistoma  smooth  with  two 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  265 

ver}^  small  tubercules.  Elytra  not  broader  than  pronotum  at  base,  broadly 
silicate,  sulci  slightly  wrinkled,  intervals  subcostiform.  Length  3.5  mm. 

Type  locality :  Corral  de  Piedra\  cape  region  of  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Sierra  el  Taste,  cape  region  of  Lower 
California ;  Arizona  and  Brownsville,  Texas  (Beyer). 

New  records :  Triunfo,  July  7,  Lower  California.  Thirteen  examples  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  species  resembles  Rhipidandrus  flalellicornis  Sturm,  a  smaller  species 
with  flabellate  antennae,  occurring  in  Texas.  Another  and  somewhat  similarly 
sculptured  species  is  Eutomus  fulvomaculatus  Dury,  found  in  Florida;  it  has 
a  transverse  band  of  fulvous  at  middle  of  the  elytra.  The  species  look  more  like 
Scolytids  than  Tenebrionids. 

(203)  Diaperis  rufipes  Horn 

Diaperis  rufipes  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  379^^. 

Form  oval,  convex  and  shining.  Color  black,  with  reddish-orange  markings. 
Head  entirely  rufous  (Horn)  to  black;  antennae  black,  basal  three  segments 
paler ;  prothorax  black  and  sparsely  punctate.  Elytra  with  distinct  striae  of 
moderate  punctures,  and  with  basal  and  median  transverse,  irregular  fasciae 
of  reddish-orange,  and  an  oval  macula  on  each  elytron  near  apex.  Legs  brown- 
ish, anterior  femora  and  coxae  pale. 

Type  locality  :  Camp  Grant\  Arizona. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Arizona ;  Needles,  California ;  Lower 
California :  La  Chuparosa  (Horn),  Cape  San  Lucas. 

Specimens  from  Lower  California  show  an  irregular  diminution  of  the  red 
markings. 

(204)  Platydema  subquadratum  Motschulsky 

Platydema  suhquadratum  Motschulsky,  1873,  Bull.  Mosc,  46,  1:  477^;  Champion,  1886, 

Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  4,  1 :  188. 
Platydevia  janus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  382 ;  —  1885, 

Entom.  Americ,  1 :  113. 
Platydema  pernigrum  Casey,  1884,  Contr.  Coleopt.  N.  Amer.,  1 :  49. 

The  species  is  of  a  depressed,  subquadrate  form,  opaque  black  above ;  under- 
surface  and  legs  ferruginous,  antennae  pale  with  the  intermediate  segments 
dark.  Head  closely  punctate  and  the  pronotum  regularly  so  and  distinct. 

Type  locality :  ''Amerique  Centrale'". 

Recorded  distribution:  Mexico;  Honduras;  Guatemala;  and  Nicaragua; 
southern  states :  Arizona  and  Texas ;  California ;  Gulf  of  California :  San  Jose 
Island. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  San  Miguel,  July  3;  Triunfo,  July  7; 
8  miles  north  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10 ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  11 ;  5  miles 
west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13;  Todos  Santos,  July  15;  Comondu,  July  22. 
Fourteen  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


266  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(205)  Echocerus  maxillosus  (Fabricius) 

Gnathocerus  maxillosus  Fabbicius,  1801,  Syst.  El.  1 :  155. 

Echocerus  maxillosus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.   Soc,  14:    366; 
—  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  ( 2 ) ,  4 :  352. 

A  small  (3  mm.)  oblong-oval,  parallel  species,  ferruginous  in  color.  In  the 
male  the  mandibles  have  a  slender,  toothed  superior  ramus,  that  is  incurved ; 
the  sides  of  the  head  are  f oliaceous  and  not  prominent,  and  two  small  promi- 
nences are  present  between  the  eyes.  First  segment  of  the  hind  tarsi  not  longer 
than  the  second  and  third. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  almost  cosmopolitan.  United  States: 
southern  states;  Ohio  (Blatchley)  ;  Kansas  (Snow);  California:  Pasadena 
(Fall)  ;  Lower  California :  Sierra  El  Chinche  (Horn).  Infests  cereals,  and  is 
constantly  being  dispersed  by  commerce. 

(206)  Echocerus  angelicus  Blaisdell 

Ecliocerus  angelicus  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  277\ 

Form  elongate,  parallel.  Color  pale  ferruginous  to  testaceous.  Males :  head 
finely  and  very  sparsely  punctate;  mandibles  with  a  long,  incurved  horn; 
frons  concave  on  the  frontal  suture,  the  inter-ocular  region  transversely 
raised  forming  an  arcuate  ridge  ending  at  each  ocular  margin,  and  with  a 
small,  subacute  tubercle  on  the  median  line.  Female :  head  simpty,  broadly 
impressed  before  the  eyes  and  on  the  frontal  suture. 

Type  locality:  Angeles  Bay\  Lower  California  (J.  C.  Chamberlin). 

Holotype,  male.  No.  1195,  and  allotype,  female,  No.  1196,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  California.  Cedros 
Island,  Pacific  coastal  group  (G.  D.  Hanna)  :  Tres  Marias,  Magdalena,  and 
Arroyo  Hondo,  Maria  Madre  islands. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6 ;  Tri- 
unfo,  July  7  ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9;  20  miles  north- 
west of  La  Paz,  July  16.  A  series  of  seventy-two  specimens  was  obtained  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  specific  characters  appear  to  be  quite  constant. 

(207)  Echocerus  breviceps  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  oblong,  parallel,  a  little  less  than  three  times  as  long  as  wide.  Color 
ferruginous,  luster  dull  to  feebly  shining. 

Head  rather  short,  about  equally  wide  across  the  eyes  and  sides,  less  than 
twice  as  wide  as  long  before  the  post-ocular  line.  Frons  rather  broadly  and 
evenly  arcuate  from  side  to  side  and  very  slightly  impressed  before  the  eyes, 
margins  sharp ;  epistoma  feebly  convex,  oblique  sutures  very  fine  and  faintly 
evident,  surface  finely  and  not  closely  punctate,  punctures  not  sharply  de- 
fined. Frons  abruptly  convex  from  the  epistomal  base,  with  two  dentiform 
and  narrowly  separated  prominences  between  the  eyes,  which  are  rather  stout 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  lENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  267 

and  subacute  at  tip ;  surface  more  strongly,  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  dis- 
tinctly defined  and  moderately  small.  Eyes  large,  rather  deeply  emarginate 
anteriorly,  facets  small  and  not  strongly  convex, 

Pronotimi  subquadrate,  about  one-third  wider  than  long;  apex  transverse 
between  the  prominent  and  rather  blunt  angles;  sides  broadly  and  evenly 
arcuate,  very  narrowly  and  sharply  margined ;  base  a  little  wider  than  apex, 
feebly  arcuate,  marginal  bead  flat  and  rather  narrow.  Disk  evenly  and  mod- 
erately convex,  densely  and  evenly  punctate,  punctures  moderately  small, 
distincth^  defined  and  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  or  less  than  their 
diameter;  lateral  beads  fine,  very  narrow  and  limited  within  by  a  row  of 
punctures. 

Elytra  parallel,  oblong,  rather  broadly  rounded  at  apex,  about  one  and 
three-fourths  times  as  long  as  wide,  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the 
pronotum ;  base  very  slightly  wider  than  the  pronotal  base,  humeri  angulate 
and  not  prominent.  Disk  moderately  convex,  somewhat  plane  centrally,  ar- 
cuately  declivous  laterally,  gradually  so  apically,  striate,  striae  of  slightly 
impressed  moderate  punctures,  intervals  more  or  less  feebly  convex  and  with 
feeble  transverse  lines  and  a  series  of  smaller  punctures. 

Ventral  surface  not  closely  punctate,  punctures  moderately  small.  Legs 
moderate  in  slenderness. 

Measurements  :  male  :  length  3.5  mm.,  width  1.5  mm. 

Holottjpe,  male.  No.  5079,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  at  Comondu, 
Lower  California,  July  22,  1938,  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Female  smaller, 
frons  not  dentate.  Mandibles  simple  in  both  sexes.  Paratypes,  seven,  six  with 
same  data;  one  taken  three  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  Lower  California, 
July  6, 1938. 

Breviceps  appears  to  be  a  distinct  species.  It  does  not  agree  with  any  species 
mentioned  in  the  literature ;  the  punctation  is  distinct  and  obvious. 

(208)  Cynaeus  angustus  (LeConte) 

Platydema  angustum  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  149^ ;  — 1866,  Gen. 

Coleopt.  N.  Amer.,  p.  233;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc.,  14: 

369;  —  1894,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  351. 
Cynaeus  opacus  Champion,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4,  1 :  156. 

A  small  elongate,  depressed  species.  Color  brownish  to  piceous,  dull  in  luster. 
Pronotum  transverse,  somewhat  narrowed  anteriorly ;  apex  feebly  emarginate, 
sides  rounded,  margins  thin  and  narrow;  disk  densely  and  finely  punctate. 
Elytra  feebly  punctato-striate,  striae  more  deeply  impressed  laterally  and 
apically ;  strial  punctures  closely  placed,  intervals  feebly  convex  at  the  sides, 
very  finely  punctulate.  Body  beneath  more  or  less  rufo-piceous. 

Type  locality :  probably  near  Vallecitas",  southern  California. 

Kecorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California :  Coachella  Valley 
as  far  north  as  Tulare  County;  Azusa;  Walker  Pass,  Kern  County  (Van 
Dyke). 


268  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  Ensenada,  June  26,  1939  (M.  Cazier) ;  10 
miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  26, 1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross) . 
Five  specimens  are  at  hand  collected  in  Lower  California  as  above. 

(209)  Cynaeus  depressus  Horn 

Cynaeus  depressus  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  369^. 

A  depressed,  elongate,  subovate  species.  Color  piceous,  or  brownish  from 
immaturity ;  antennae,  legs  and  under  surface  more  or  less  rufous.  Head  and 
pronotum  rather  closely  but  not  coarsely  punctate.  Pronotum  subquadrate, 
apex  nearly  truncate ;  sides  feebly  arcuate,  narrowing  more  or  less  anteriorly. 
Elytra  at  base  wider  than  that  of  the  pronotum ;  striate,  striae  not  deep,  most 
evident  laterally  and  apically,  intervals  sparsely  punctate. 

Type  locality :  southern  Coast  Ranged  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southern  California,  and  undoubtedly 
occurring  in  northern  Lower  California.  It  can  be  found  at  base  of  Yuccas. 

(210)  Latheticus  prosopis  Chittenden 

Latheticus  prosopis  Chittenden,  1904,  Jour.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  12:  167^;  Blaisdell^ 
1923,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  278. 

Form  parallel,  four  times  as  long  as  wide,  moderately  convex  above.  Color 
pale  brownish  yellow,  surface  more  or  less  polished.  Head  prominent,  only 
slightly  narrower  than  prothorax ;  f  rons  moderately  convex,  mandibles  promi- 
nent. Antennae  glabrous,  last  five  segments  transverse,  eleventh  truncate  at 
apex,  forming  a  club.  Pronotum  about  as  long  as  wide,  narrowing  posteriorly ; 
base  much  narrower  than  elytra,  angles  acute ;  sides  finely  margined,  disk 
punctate.  Elytra  acutely  angulate  at  base ;  each  elytron  with  six  or  seven  less 
regular,  scarcely  impressed  rows  of  punctures. 

Type  locality :  Indio\  California,  first  locality  given.  Type  No.  7895,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus. 

Recorded  distribution:  southern  California;  Arizona;  Gulf  of  California: 
Marquer  Bay,  Carmen  Island,  collected  by  Jos.  C.  Chamberlin  and  E.  P.  Van 
Duzee,  May  23,  1921.  The  species  occurs  under  the  dead  bark  of  the  Mesquite 
{Prosopis  juliflora). 

(211)  Tribolium  ferrugineum  Fabricius 

Tribolium  ferrugineum  Fabricius,  1787,  Mant.  Ins.  1:  212;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc.  14 :  365. 

An  oblong,  parallel,  depressed  species,  about  4  mm.  in  length  and  ferru- 
ginous in  color.  Sides  of  head  scarcely  more  prominent  than  the  eyes;  last 
three  segments  of  the  antennae  wider,  forming  a  somewhat  abrupt  club.  Pro- 
notal  sides  feebly  arcuate,  basal  angles  rectangular.  Elytral  intervals  very 
narrow  with  fine  raised  lines ;  striae  with  a  row  of  minute  punctures. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  cosmopolitan.  Lower  California :  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn) . 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  269 

A  closely  related  and  widely  dispersed  species,  confusus  Jacquelin  Duval, 
has  the  sides  of  the  head  more  prominent  than  the  eyes  and  the  antennae 
gradually  broader  to  tip. 

(212)  Mycotrogus  mentalis  Blaisdell 

Mycotrogus  mentalis  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12  :  279\ 

This  species  is  moderately  depressed,  parallel  oblong-oval.  Color  nigro- 
piceous  to  rufo-piceous.  Prosternal  process  prolonged,  mucronate.  Body 
winged.  Frontal  tubercles  small  but  discernible.  Pronotal  sides  feebly  arcuate, 
not  convergent  except  near  the  apical  angles ;  disk  finely  punctate  centrally, 
punctures  of  one  size,  coarser  laterally  and  intermixed  with  fine  punctules ; 
base  moderately  arcuate  in  middle  third,  broadly  sinuate  laterally,  angles 
subacutely  rounded.  Elytral  base  adapted  to  that  of  the  pronotum,  striae  dis- 
tinct, punctures  smaller  centrally  and  coarser  laterally. 

Type  locality :  Las  Animas  Bay\  Lower  California. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  1197,  and  allotype,  female.  No.  1198,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  by  J.  C.  Chamberlin,  May  8, 1921. 

Kecorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ; 
3  miles  north  of  San  Pedro,  July  6 ;  5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  6 ; 
Triunfo,  July  7;  Miraflores,  July  8 ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo, 
July  9  ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  11 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  15  ;  La  Paz,  July  16 ; 
and  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25.  Sixteen  specimens  obtained  by 
]\Iichelbacher  and  Ross. 

In  Mycotrogus  angiisUcs  Horn  the  color  is  brownish  ferruginous ;  in  piceiis 
Horn  it  is  nigro-piceous,  pronotal  sides  gradually  narrowing  to  apex,  the 
angles  prominent  and  not  acute ;  base  strongly  sinuate  with  angles  rectangular. 

(213)  Alphitobius  piceus  (Olivier) 

Helops  piceus  Olivier,  1792,  Encjl.  meth.,  7:  50. 

Alphitohius  piceus  Stephens,  1832,  Illus.  Brit.  Ent.,  5:  11;  Horn,  1870,  Eevis.  Tenebr., 
Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  369;  — 1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  352\ 

A  species  resembling  an  Uloma  Castelnau,  native  of  the  old  world  and 
widely  distributed  by  commerce.  It  is  duller  in  luster  than  its  companion 
species  diaperimis  Panzer,  which  is  polished  and  shining. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  cosmopolitan.  Lower  California :  San 

Jose  del  Cabo\ 

(214)  Merotemnus  filif ornis  (Castelnau) 

Uloma  filif  ormis  Castelnau,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.,  2 :  22P. 

Merotemnus  elongatus  Horn,  1870,  Revis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  367^; 
LeConte  and  Horn,  1883,  Smiths.  Mies.  Coll.,  507,  p.  381. 

An  elongate  species  related  to  Uloma,  of  a  ferruginous  brown  color.  Head 
not  tuberculate,  pronotum  subquadrate ;  elytra  with  striae  of  punctures,  in- 
tervals convex,  smooth.  Middle  and  posterior  femora  with  tooth  near  apex. 


270  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality  :  Amerique  du  Nord';  Calif  ornia^ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo ; 
Angeles  Bay,  Gulf  of  California  :  San  Jose  Island. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5 ;  5  miles 
south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  11 ;  5  miles  west  of  San 
Bartolo,  July  13;  La  Paz,  July  16;  Venancio,  July  11;  20  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  July  24 ;  25  miles  south  of 
Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ;  Magdalena  Bay, 
July  18.  A  series  of  twenty-two  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(215)  Doliema  bifurcata  Champion 

Doliema  lifurcata  Champion,  1892,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4,  1 :  535\ 

This  species  is  reddish-testaceous  and  shining.  Form  flat.  In  the  male  the 
lateral  processes  on  the  head  are  much  broader  and  bifurcate  in  front  and, 
without  additional  tooth  beneath. 

Type  locality  :  Temax  in  North  Yucatan^  Mexico  (Gaumer ) . 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  village  on  Maria  Madre  Island  (Tres 
Marias  Islands)  (H.  H.  Keifer) . 

New  records  :  Lower  California :  Triunf o,  July  7  ;  Miraflores,  July  8  ;  San- 
tiago, July  8 ;  8  miles  northeast  of  Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10 ;  5  miles  west  of 
San  Bartolo,  July  13 ;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16;  20  miles  north 
of  Comondu,  July  23.  Thirteen  specimens  were  taken  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross. 

(216)  Doliema  plana  (Fabricius) 

Cucujus  planus  Fabricius,  1801,  Syst.  Eleuth.  II :  94. 

Adelina  plana  LeConte,  1851,  Amer.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  149\ 

Sitophagus  lecontei  Horn,  1870,  Kevis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Pliilos.  Soc,  14 :  346. 

Doliema,  Pascoe,  1860,  Jour,  Entom.,  1 :  50 ;  Champion,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.  IV,  1 :  157. 

A  depressed,  testaceous,  smooth  and  shining  species.  Epistoma  not  im- 
pressed, punctate.  Elytra  plane,  abruptly  declivous  laterally  at  the  seventh 
striae ;  surface  with  striae  of  fine  punctures,  intervals  punctulate.  Males  have 
the  front  above  the  antennae  produced  on  each  side,  forming  a  porrect  process, 
concealing  a  small  horn  beneath. 

Type  locality :  Colorado\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  very  widely  distributed  :  Mexico  south- 
ward to  South  America ;  southern  California ;  Colorado  Desert,  Arizona ;  Tres 
Marias  Islands ;  Arroyo  Hondo,  Maria  Madre,  May  27,  1925  (H.  H.  Keifer). 

The  species  occurs  under  bark  on  dead  trees,  generally  where  there  is  mould 
and  fungi.  The  species  can  be  expected  to  be  found  in  northern  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

(217)  Doliopinus  cucujinus  Horn 

DoUopinus  cucujinus  Horn,  1894,  Proe.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  14:  428^,  pi.  7,  fig.  12. 

Form  parallel  oblong  and  depressed.  Color  piceous  to  pale  brown;  luster 
feebly  shining.  Head  and  pronotum  finely  and  densely  punctate,  punctures 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  271 

discrete.  Epistomal  apex  transverse  and  not  modified.  Pronotum  not  quite 
twice  as  wide  as  long,  angles  obtusely  rounded.  Elytra  a  little  wider  than 
pronotum,  obtusely  rounded  at  apex,  with  a  slight  sinuation  each  side  caused 
by  the  abrupt  termination  of  the  feeble  lateral  edge ;  disk  flat,  surface  striate, 
striae  finely  and  closely  punctate,  intervals  flat  and  minutely  punctulate. 
Body  beneath  finely,  not  closely  punctate.  Shows  relationship  to  Doliema 
Pascoe. 

Type  locality  :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^  Lower  California. 

Type  No.  129,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

Two  specimens  in  the  Museum  collection  :  one  piceous  (Fenyes  collection), 
the  other  paler  brown,  both  from  the  type  region. 

(218)  Ulosonia  marginata  LeConte 

Ulosonia  marginata  LeConte,  1851,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  5 :  149^  j  Horn,  1870,  Revis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:  367^. 

Form  elongate-oblong,  depressed,  resembling  somewhat  an  IJloma,  but  with 
the  elytral  margin  more  reflexed.  Color  rufo-piceous.  Epistoma  impressed. 
Pronotum  finely  punctulate  with  coarser  punctures  intermixed.  Elytra  with 
punctate  striae,  intervals  flat  to  very  slightly  convex  and  more  or  less  dis- 
tinctly punctulate.  Males  wdtli  a  tubercle  on  the  head  anteriorly,  each  side 
above  the  eyes. 

Type  locality :  Colorado  River\  southern  California. 

Recorded  and  know^n  distribution :  southern  California  :  along  the  Colorado 
River^  Needles,  and  El  Centro.  Arizona,  along  the  Gila  River^  Lower  Cali- 
fornia :  undoubtedly  occurs  in  the  northern  part.  It  may  be  found  under 
Cottonwood  bark. 

(219)  Ulosonia  tricornis  Castelnau 

Uloma  (Ulosonia)  tricornis  Castelnau,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.,  2:  220\ 

Eypogena  tricornis  Dejean,  1847,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  3d  ed.,  p.  220;  Champion,  1886,  Biol. 
Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4,  1 :  163. 

Smaller  and  narrower  than  hi-impressa  Latreille.  Pronotum  broader  an- 
teriorly, disk  sparsely  and  finely  punctate  wdth  many  very  coarse  punctures 
intermixed,  la  w^ell  developed  individuals  the  males  have  three  long,  thin 
porrect  horns  upon  the  head,  these  show  all  degrees  of  development  in  a  large 
series. 

Type  locality :  Antilles^  (Cuba) . 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  Mexico,  Yucatan,  British  Hondurus 
and  Guatemala;  Insular;  Grayson  Cove,  Socorro  Island  (Keifer),  Revilla- 
gigedo  group;  Arroyo  Hondo,  Maria  Madre  Island  (Keifer),  Tres  Marias 
group. 

New  records  :  Lower  California :  14  miles  south  of  El  Arco  Mine,  June  23  ; 
Triunf  0,  July  7 ;  Santiago,  July  8 ;  Miraflores,  and  5  miles  south,  July  10 ; 
5  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13 ;  Todos  Santos,  July  15  ;  and  La  Paz,  July 
16.  Fifty  specimens  were  secured  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


272  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(220)  Ulosonia  bi-impressa  (Latreille) 

Tenehrio  (l)'biimpressa  Latreille,  1833,  in  Humb.  et  Bonpl.  Voy.  2:  17^,  pi.  31,  fig.  6. 
Eypogena  bi-impressa  Latreille,  1837,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  3d  ed.,  p.  220. 
Ulosonia  bi-impressa  Champion,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  4, 1:  165. 

A  larger  species,  the  frontal  horn  is  short  and  always  in  the  form  of  a  coni- 
cal tubercle,  the  posterior  long,  porrect,  moderately  horizontal  and  slightly 
curved.  Pronotum  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  often  with  few  scattered 
coarser  impressions. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Mexico ;  British  Hondurus ;  Guatemala  ; 
Nicaragua;  Panama.  South  America:  Colombia,  Cartagena,  Bogota,  Guiana, 
and  Brazil. 

New  records:  Arroyo  Hondo,  Maria  Madre  Island,  Tres  Marias  group 
(Keifer).  Twenty-three  specimens  collected,  May  23,  1925,  by  H.  H.  Keifer. 
Biimpressa  is  the  largest  and  oblong-oval  species. 

(221)  Rhinandrus  gracilis  LeConte 

Bhinandrus  gracilis  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  167,  p.  120;  Horn,  1870,  Kevis. 
Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14 :  342. 

This  species  is  very  interesting  on  account  of  its  resemblance  to  certain 
Eleodes,  and  other  characters  that  seem  to  indicate  complex  affinities.  Its  large 
head,  long  antennae,  deeply  emarginate  epistoma  with  the  exposed  articulat- 
ing membrane  and  distinctly  striate  elytra  are  distinctive.  It  is  to  be  dis- 
tinguished from  the  congeneric  sublaevis  Horn,  that  also  occurs  in  Arizona 
and  Lower  California ;  it  resembles  Alohates  suhnitens  Horn,  and  the  elytra 
are  feebly  striate. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution:  Lower  California:  El  Taste  (Fuchs)  ; 
San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Fenyes  coll.) . 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Venancio,  July  17 ;  5  miles  west  of  San 
Bartolo,  July  13 ;  Triunf o,  July  13 ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4 ; 
Comondu,  July  22,  and  Miraflores,  July  6.  Seven  examples  of  this  species  were 
taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(222)  Rhinandrus  sublaevis  Horn 

Bhinandrus  sublaevis  Horn,  1885,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  12:  160^;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  28P. 

Form  elongate,  subdepressed.  Color  black  with  a  slight  velvety  luster.  Head 
sparsely  punctate,  punctures  fine,  coarser  laterally;  epistoma  deeply  and 
semi-circularly  emarginate.  Pronotum  a  fifth  wider  than  long,  base  wider  than 
apex,  basal  angles  rectangular;  disk  convex,  sparsely  and  finelj^  punctate. 
Elytra  Avider  than  pronotal  base,  three  times  as  long  as  wide,  widest  pos- 
teriorly ;  surface  with  nearly  obsolete  striae  of  fine  punctures,  intervals  flat 
and  extremely  minutely  punctured.  Body  winged. 


Vol.  XXIVJ     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBWNIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  273 

Type  locality :  Arizona'. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution  :  Arizona  :  Nogales  and  Phoenix ;  Gulf  of 
California :  Tiburon  Island" ;  Mexico :  San  Pedro,  Sonoran  coast,  Mazatlan, 
Yenedio. 

(223)  Coelocnemis  slevini  Blaisdell 

Coelocnemis  slevini  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  337\ 

This  species  resembles  magna  LeConte  more  than  any  other  of  the  described 
species.  Color  deep  black,  body  surface  very  glabrous  and  highly  polished, 
more  so  than  any  other  species.  In  the  female  the  pronotal  sides  are  suban- 
gulate  and  the  disk  slightly  depressed  at  that  point. 

Type  locality :  Grand  Canyon,  Cedros  Island,  Pacific  coastal  group. 

Holotype,  female.  No.  1695,  and  allotype,  male.  No.  1696,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ent.  (Hanna  and  Slevin,  1922).  Three  paratypes.  In  1925  a  small  series 
was  collected  at  the  type  locality  by  H.  H.  Keifer  and  H.  L.  Mason. 

(224)  Eupsophuluscastaneus  (Horn) 

Eupsophus  castaneus  Horn,  1870,  Revis.  Tenebr.,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  14:   347^; 

Fall,  1901,  Occas.  Papers  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:  172-. 
Eupsophulus  castaneus,  Cockerell,  1906,  Ent.  News,  12:  242;  Blaisdell,  1923,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  12:  28r. 

This  species  varies  in  size,  the  males  are  smaller  and  more  slender  than  the 
females.  Color  castaneous  to  nigro-piceous.  Body  surface  sparsely  punctate 
and  moderately  shining.  It  is  attracted  by  light  at  night. 

Type  locality  :  Owens  Valle}^^  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  southern 
California'',  Arizona,  Nevada.  Texas  :  Brewster  and  Presidio  counties.  Mexico^ 
Lower  California :  Angeles  Bay.  Gulf  of  California :  Esteban  Islandl 

New  records  :  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  Lower  California.  Four  specimens  of  this 
common  and  widely  distributed  species  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross. 

(225)  Eupsophulus  horni  (Champion) 

Eupsophus  horni  Champion,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  4,  1 :  122^ 

A  dull,  dark  castaneous  species,  with  very  dense  and  rather  coarse  puncta- 
tion  of  the  upper  surface.  In  castaneus  Horn  the  color  is  i3aler  castaneous,  the 
punctation  finer  and  sparser. 

Type  locality :  Mexico\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  type  region  only. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  July  24 ; 
20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23.  Three  specimens  were  caught  by  Michel- 
bacher and  Ross.  Tw^o  examples  were  studied  by  Mr.  Champion.  Apparently 
the  species  is  rarely  collected,  and  it  is  very  desirable  that  search  should  be 
made  for  it  by  future  collectors  in  their  region. 


274  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(226)  Helops  sparsus  Blaisdell,  new  species 

Form  elongate,  subcylindrieal,  slightly  ovate,  two  and  one-lialf  times  as 
long  as  wide.  Color  piceous,  appendages  rufous. 

Head  moderate  in  size,  widest  across  the  eyes,  about  twice  as  wide  as  long 
before  the  post-ocular  line ;  sides  arcuate  to  the  oblique  sutures.  Sides  of  the 
epistoma  short,  subparallel,  apical  angles  narrowly  rounded  and  deflexed, 
apex  truncate.  Frons  nearly  plane,  feebly  and  broadly  impressed  on  the 
frontal  and  oblique  sutures,  also  within  the  feebly  convex  sides  over  the  an- 
tennal  insertions ;  rather  densely  and  coarsely  punctate,  punctures  discrete, 
irregularly  spaced  in  the  central  area  and  with  one  or  two  impunctate  areas, 
denser  laterally  on  the  oblique  sutures.  Eyes  moderately  large  and  more  promi- 
nent than  the  sides,  facets  small  and  moderately  convex.  Tempora  not  in  the 
least  prominent  and  convergent  posteriorly. 

Pronotum  subquadrate,  about  two-sevenths  wider  than  long ;  apex  arcuato- 
truncate,  angles  broadly  rounded;  sides  rather  arcuate,  a  little  straighter 
posteriorly,  marginal  beads  distinct  and  not  coarse ;  base  feebly  arcuate, 
angles  obtusely  and  well  rounded,  marginal  bead  coarse,  flat  and  wider  in 
lateral  fourths.  Disk  rather  strongly  convex,  densely  punctate,  punctures 
moderate  in  size,  in  the  central  area  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  from 
one  to  four  times  their  diameter,  denser  laterally. 

Elytra  elongate  oval,  one-third  longer  than  wide  and  about  two  and  one- 
half  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum ;  base  somewhat  transverse  to  feebly  arcu- 
ate, a  little  wider  than  the  pronotal  base,  not  beaded ;  humeri  obtusely  rounded, 
sides  broadly  arcuate  to  the  moderately  rounded  apex.  Disk  strongly  convex, 
arcuately  declivous  laterally,  slightly  obliquely  so  apically,  marginal  bead 
fine ;  striae  composed  of  elongate  punctures  very  feebly  impressed ;  intervals 
flat  in  the  central  area,  slightly  convex  laterally  and  apically,  very  finely  and 
sparsely  punctulate.  Epipleurae  moderately  dilated  at  base,  thence  gradually 
narrowing  and  attaining  the  apex.  Scutellum  subtriangular. 

Sides  of  prothorax  irregularly  punctate  and  more  or  less  feebly  rugulose ; 
punctures  sparse  on  the  propleurae.  Sterna  rather  coarsely  and  moderately 
densely  punctate.  Abdomen  more  finely  and  sparsely  punctate.  Legs  slender 
and  moderate  in  length. 

Measurements  :  (type)  length  7.5  mm.,  width  3.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male.  No.  5099,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent.,  collected  at  San 
Quintin,  Lower  California,  May  9,  1938,  a  single  specimen  obtained  by  Wm. 
E.  Simonds. 

Sparsus  has  been  very  carefully  compared  with  ohtusangulus,  stenotrichoi- 
des  and  hacliei.  In  the  first  two  species  the  head  and  pronotum  are  densely  and 
confluently  punctate,  in  the  latter  the  basal  pronotal  angles  are  distinct. 

All  of  these  species  are  to  be  looked  for  beneath  the  bark  of  dead  stumps, 
especially  when  mouldy  or  bearing  fungi.  Further  collections  are  much  to 
be  desired. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:   TENEBEIONIDAE  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  275 

(227)  HelopsbenitensisBlaisdell 

Helops  benitensis  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  339\ 

Form  elongate  oval,  subparallel.  Color  black,  antennae  and  legs  more  or  less 
dark  rufous,  mouth-parts  rufous;  luster  moderately  shining.  Head  densely 
punctate,  punctures  more  or  less  confluent.  Pronotum  very  densely  punctate, 
punctures  rather  coarse  with  varying  degree  of  coalescence.  Elytra  with  striae 
of  coarse,  moderately  impressed  punctures,  the  series  entire;  intervals  slightly 
convex  laterally  and  apically.  Propleurae  coarsely,  densely  and  more  or  less 
confluently  punctate. 

Type  locality:  Middle  Benito  Island",  Pacific  coastal  group  (Hanna  and 
S  levin). 

Type,  sex  not  determined.  No.  1697,  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ent. 

(228)  Helops  pinguis  Horn 

Helops  pinguis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:  430\ 

A  robust  species,  form  nearly  intermediate  between  farctus  LeConte  and 
aereiis  Germar.  Color  castaneous  bro^vn.  "Wingless.  Antennae  slender  and  long. 
Head  and  pronotum  moderately  coarsely  and  closely  punctate.  Elytra  oval, 
convex  and  moderately  deeply  striate,  striae  coarsely  and  rather  closely  punc- 
tate near  base,  gradually  more  finely  so  toward  apex. 

Type  locality  :  Corral  de  Piedra,  Sierra  El  Taste\  Lower  California. 

Recorded  and  known  distribution :  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  California 
(Fuchs) .  Two  specimens  at  hand  from  the  latter  locality. 

(229)  Helops  sp. 

A  single,  dead  and  imperfect  specimen  was  found  at  San  Quintin,  Lower 
California,  August  2,  1938.  The  species  belongs  with  the  small  cylindrical 
forms,  and  appears  to  be  related  to  discipula  Casey  which  occurs  in  southern 
California.  Form  ovate,  elongate,  color  dark  reddish-brown.  Head  and  pro- 
notum relatively  small,  and  the  punctation  quite  discrete.  Pronotal  angles 
blunt.  Elytra  finely  striate,  punctures  small  and  appear  to  be  somewhat  elon- 
gate. Apparently  a  distinct  species.  Collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(230)  Helops  sp. 

One  dead  and  imperfect  specimen  was  picked  up  ten  miles  south  of  Punta 
Prieta,  Lower  California,  June  21,  1938.  It  belongs  to  the  group  of  small  sub- 
cylindrical  species.  Color  black,  legs  and  mouth-parts  rufous.  Head  and  pro- 
notum very  densely  and  more  or  less  confluently  punctate.  Elytra  striate, 
striae  entire  and  finely  punctate;  intervals  more  or  less  subcostate.  Obtained 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  following  species  listed  by  Dr.  Geo.  Horn,  as  occurring  in  Lower  California,  have  in 
all  probability  been  wrongly  determined  (Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  [4],  4:  345). 

1.  Eurymetopon  riifipes  Esch.  Type  locality:  "In  Calif ornien  bei  St.  Francisco"  (Esch.). 
Eschscholtz's  figure  is  not  helpful  (Zool.  Atlas,  iv,  1831,  p.  8,  T.  18,  fig.  2).  Dr.  Horn 


276  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

states  that  it  occurs  at  Cape  San  Lucas.  That  habitat  is  very  doubtful.  In  the  light  of 
recent  studies  its  determination  is  difficult.  Col.  Casey's  view  is  definite  and  may  be 
accepted  until  proved  otherwise. 

2.  Phloeodes  diaholicus  LeC.  Eecorded  as  occurring  at  San  Pedro  Martir.  Extremely  doubt- 

ful. The  species  inhabits  central  California. 

3.  Eleodes  gracilis  LeC.  La  Chuparosa,  Lower  California  (Horn).  Not  known  to  occur  west 

of  the  Colorado  Eiver.  It  may  be  the  species  here  described  as  Eleodes  rossi  new  species. 

4.  Eleodes  quadricollis  Esch.  Eecorded  as  having  been  collected  at  San  Quintin  and  Fer- 

nando, Lower  California  (Horn).  It  inhabits  the  western  part  of  central  California. 

5.  Eleodes  humeralis  LeC.  Stated  as  having  been  found  at  Sierra  Laguna,  San  Erancisquito, 

La  Chuparosa  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn).  It  ranges  from  northern  California 
into  Oregon. 

6.  Eleodes  consohrina  LeC.  At  San  Pedro  Martir  (Horn).  Possible,  but  not  probable.  If 

at  all  in  the  northern  part  of  Lower  California. 
l.Coniontis  pallidicornis  Casey.  Baja  California  (Ulke).  It  does  occur  in  the  San  Diego 
region  of  southern  California. 

8.  Blapstinus  discolor  Horn.  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Horn).  Wrongly  determined.  Type  region 

near  Visalia,  California. 

9.  Blapstinus  lecontei  Muls.  San  Pedro  Martir  (Horn).  This  is  propably  Blapstinus  am- 

nosus  Blais. 

10.  Centronopus  parallelus  LeC.  Baja  California  (Ulke). 

11.  Coelocnemis  calif ornica  Mann.  San  Pedro  Martir  (Horn).  Probably  Coelocnemis  slevini 

Blais.,  recently  described  as  new. 

12.  Apsena  pubescens  LeC.  Cited  as  occurring  at  San  Pedro  Martir  and  Cabo  San  Lucas 

(Ulke).  Probably  the  subspecies  rufescens  Blais.  The  typical  form  may  occur  in  the 
northern  part  of  Lower  California,  as  it  is  common  in  the  San  Diego  region  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

DISTRIBUTION  BY  ISLANDS 
GULF  OF  CALIFORNIA 

The  asterisk  (*)  indicates  that  the  species  also  occurs  on  the  peninsula  of  Lower  California. 

Angel  de  la  Guardia:  Hylocrinus  oblongulus  Blais.;*  Steriphanus  subopacus  var.  alutaceus 
Csy. ;*  Triphalopsis  minor  Blais.;*  Anepsius  confluens  Blais.;  Dacoderus  striaticeps 
LeC.;*  Cryptoglossa  granulifera  Champ.;  Tonibius  sulcatus  (LeC);  Phaleria  pilifera 
LeC.  ;*  Phaleria  latus  Blais.* 

Pond:  Triphalopsis  minor  Blais.;*  Tonibius  sulcatus  LeC* 

Isla  Rasa :  Anepsis  confluens  Blais. ;  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn.* 

/San  i-Mts;  Phaleria  latus  Blais.* 

San  LorenBo:  Steriphanus  subopacus  (Horn)  ;*  Triphalopsis  partida  Blais.;  Triphalopsis 
minor  Blais. ;  *  Stibia  sparsa  Blais. ;  *  Centrioptera  chamberlini  Blais. 

Sal  siPuedes:  Steriphanus  subopacus  (Horn)  ;*  Stibia  sparsa  Blais.;*  Centrioptera  cham- 
berlini Blais. ;  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn.* 

Tortuga:  Stibia  sparsa  Blais.;*  Stibia  tortugensis  Blais.;  Conibius  opaciis  (LeC).* 

San  Marcos:  Edrotes  mexicanus  Blais.* 

Ildefonso :  Emmenides  subdescalceatus  Blais. ;  Stibia  cribrata  Blais. ;  Centrioptera  asperata 
var.  Planata  Blais. 

Coronados :  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  discreta  Blais. 

Santa  Inez:  Telabis  hirtipes  Blais.;  Triphalopsis  minor  Blais.;*  Stibia  sparsa  Blais.;* 
Megasattus  araneosus  Blais. ;  Asidina  parallela  var.  terricola  Blais.* 

Carmen :  Metoponium  abnorme  laticolle  Csy. ;  *  Telabis  latipennis  Blais. ;  *  Cryptadius  angu- 
latus  Blais, ;  Cryptadius  sinuatus  Blais. ;  *  Emmenides  obsoletus  Blais. ;  Hylocrinus 
insularis  Blais.;*   Centrioptera  asperata   Horn;*   Centrioptera  asperata  var.   discreta 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOENIA  277 

Blais. ;  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn;*  Cerenopus  concolor  LeC. ;*  Centrioptera  pectoralis 
Blais.;*  Eleodes  (Promus)  insularis  terricola  Blais. ; *  Conibius  opacus  (LeC.)  ;*  Tonibius 
rossi  Blais.,  n.  sp. ;*  Nocibiotes  granulatus  (LeC.)  ;*  Trimytis  obtusa  Horn;  Latheticus 
prosopis  Chit.;*  Ulosonia  marginata  LeC.;*  Eleodes  insularis  Linell. 

Las  Galeras:  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  subornata  Blais. 

Monserrate:  Stibia  fallaciosa  (Blais.);  Stibia  puncticollis  Horn;*  Cerenopus  concolor 
LeC.;*  Centrioptera  spiculifera  LeC.;*  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  subornata  Blais.; 
Eleodes  lucae  inflata  Blais.;*  Eleodes  (Promus)  insularis  Linell;  Eleodes  (Promus) 
insularis  terricola  Blais. 

Santa  Catalina:  Emmenides  catalinae  Blais.;  Stibia  granulata  Blais.;  Centrioptera  asperata 
var.  subornata  Blais.;  Asida  (Stethasida)  catalinae  Blais.;  Conibius  opacus  LeC* 

Santa  Cruz :  Megasattus  laeviventris  Blais. ;  *  Conibius  opacus  LeC* 

San  Diego :  Emmenides  subdescalceatus  Blais. ;  Triphalus  subcylindricus  Blais. ;  Centriop- 
tera asperata  var.  discreta  Blais.;  Centrioptera  asperata  Horn;*  Conibius  opacus  (LeC).* 

Las  Animas : 

San  Jose  (San  Josef.):  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  discreta  Blais.;  Cerenopus  concolor 
LeC;*  Merotemnus  filiformis  Cast.;*  Ulosonia  marginata  LeC;*  Platydema  subquadra- 
tum  Mots.* 

San  Francisco:  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  discreta  Blais.;  Cerenopus  concolor  LeC* 

Isla  Partida:  Steriphanus  subopacus  (Horn)  ;*  Triphalopsis  partida  Blais.;  Stibia  sparsa 
Blais.;*  Stibia  tortugensis  Blais,;  Anepsius  confluens  Blais.;  Cryptoglossa  granulifera 
Cham.;*  Centrioptera  sculptiventris  Blais.;*  Craniotus  pubescens  LeC;*  Asidina  paral- 
lela  (LeC)  ;  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn;*  Tonibius  sulcatus  (LeC).* 

Espiritu  Santo:  Emmenides  subdescalceatus  Blais.;  Orthostibia  frontalis  Blais.;  Trimytis 
obtusa  Horn;  Centrioptera  asperata  Horn;*  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  discreta  Blais.; 
Centrioptera  spiculifera  LeC;*  Cerenopus  cribratus  LeC;  Cerenopus  concolor  LeC;* 
Megasattus  erosus  manuelis  Blais.;*  Conibius  ventralis  Blais. 

Ballena:  Orthostibia  frontalis  Blais.;  Cerenopus  cribratus  LeC* 

Ceralho:  Telabis  lunulata  Blais.;*  Emmenides  apicalis  Blais.;  Megasattus  erosus  (Horn)  ;* 
Trimytis  obtusa  Horn;  Trimytis  ceralboensis  Blais.,  n.  sp. ;  Triphalus  subcylindricus 
Blais.;  Stibia  fallaciosa  (Blais.);  Stibia  fallaciosa  var.  interstitialis  Blais.;*  Stibia 
puncticollis  Horn;*  Centrioptera  asperata  Horn;*  Centrioptera  asperata  var.  subornata 
Blais.;  Centrioptera  seriata  (LeC);*  Heterasida  bifurca  (LeC;  Heterasida  bifurca 
Horn;  Conibius  reflexus  (Horn)  ;*  Conibius  opacus  (LeC).* 

Mejia:  Triphalopsis  partida  Blais.;  Anepsius  confluens  Blais.;  Cryptoglossa  granulifera 
Champ.  ;*  Phaleria  pilifera  LeC.  ;*  Phaleria  latus  Blais.* 

Granite :  Phaleria  pilifera  LeC 

San  Estehan:  Steriphanus  torpidus  Blais.;  Steriphanus  tardus  Blais.;  Steriphanus  estebani 
Blais.;  Eupsophulus  castaneus  (Horn).* 

San  Pedro  Mdrtir:  Argoporis  sp.;  Metoponium  bicolor  (Horn);  Hylocrinus  longulus 
(LeC).* 

GULF  ISLANDS  OFF  THE  SONORAN  COAST  OF  MEXICO 

San  Pedro  Nolasco:  Steriphanus  subopacus  (Horn)  ;*  Argoporis  aequalis  Blais.;  Conibius 

opacus  (LeC).* 
Patos:  Steriphanus  subopacus   (Horn);*  Triorophus  laevis  LeC;*  Triphalopsis  partida 

Blais.;   Centrioptera  variolosa  Horn;*  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn.* 
Tiburon:   Steriphanus  mucronatus  Blais.;   Metopoloba  densiventris  Casey;    Triphalopsis 

partida  Blais.;  Centrioptera  variolosa  Horn;*  Centrioptera  sculptiventris  Blais.;*  Ehi- 

nandrus  sublaevis  Horn;*  Phaleria  pilifera  LeC* 
Georges:  Triorophus  laevis  LeC* 
Pelican:  Telabis  punctulata  (LeC).* 


-  i  *^ 


278 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


[Proc.  4th  Ser. 


PACIFIC  COASTAL  ISLANDS  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

North  Coronado :  Stibia  puncticollis  Horn.* 

San  Martin :   Micromes  ovipennis   Horn ;  *   Stibia  puncticollis   Horn   subsp.   martinensis 

Blais. ;    Eusattus  difficilis  LeC.  ;*   Coniontides  keiferi  Blais.,  n.  sp. ;   Apsena  insularis 

Blais. ;*    Eleodes  sanmartinensis  Blais.;  Eleodes  moesta  Blais.;*  Amphidora  tenebrosa 

Horn.* 
Todos  Santos:  Pyenonotida  puncticollis  LeC;  Eleodes  omissa  subsp.  peninsularis  Blais.;* 

Ampliidora  tenebrosa  Horn;*  Ulosonia  tricornis  Cast.* 
San  Geronimo :  Coelomporha  pallens  Casey ;  Micromes  ovipennis  Horn ;  *  Stibia  puncticollis 

Horn.* 
San  Benito:  Stibia  fallaciosa   (Blais.);   Stibia  williamsi  Blais.;  Centrioptera  pectoralis 

Blais.;*  Argoporis  ebenina  Horn;*  Eleodes  adumbrata  Blais.;  Helops  benitensis  Blais. 
Cedros:  Megasattus  erosus  (Horn)  ;*  Megasattus  costatus  (Horn)  ;*  Centrioptera  pectoralis 

Blais.;*  Cerenopus  concolor  LeC.;*  Eleodes  militaris  Horn;*  Eleodes  discincta  Blais.;* 

Eleodes  insularis  Linell;  Eleodes  marthae  Blais.,  n.  sp.;*  Cratidus  rotundicollis  Horn;* 

Coelocnemis  slevini  Blais.;  Echocerus  angelicus  Blais.* 
Natividad:   Cryptadius  inflatus  LeC.;*   Stibia  puncticollis  Horn;*   Argoporis  impressa 

Blais. ;  Eleodes  discincta  Blais.* 
Asuncion :  Cryptadius  inflatus  LeC. ;  *  Stibia  puncticollis  Horn ;  *  Argoporis  impressa  Blais. ; 

Eleodes  discincta  Blais.;*  Eleodes  adumbrata  Blais.;   Eleodes  inepta  Blais.;   Eleodes 

morbosa  Blais. ;  Cratidus  rotundicollis  Horn.* 
Santa  Magdalena:  Megasattus  costatus  (Horn)  ;*  Parasida  sexcostata  (LeC.)  ;*  Tonibiastes 

costipennis  (Horn).* 
San  Boque :  Argoporis  impressa  Blais. 
Santa  Margarita :  Megasattus  costatus  (Horn)  ;*  Centrioptera  spiculifera  LeC.;*  Eleodes 

discincta  Blais.;*  Eleodes  marthae  Blais.,  n.  sp. ;*  Eleodes  insularis  Linell;  Eleodes  in- 
sularis subsp.  terricola  Blais.;*  Tonibiastes  costipennis  (Horn).* 
Santa  Rosa :  Blapstinus  brevicollis  LeC* 


CHECK-LIST 

Species  numbered  as  in  the  text 
*  Species  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross 


1.  Metoponium  Casey 

1.  abnorme  laticolle  Csy.* 

2.  pacificum  Blais. 

3.  convexicolle  (LeC.) 

4.  bicolor  (Horn) 

5.  angelicum  Blais.* 

6.  transversum  Blais.,  new  species^ 

7.  erosum  Blais.,  new  species* 

2.  Telabis  LeC. 

8.  serrata  (LeC.) 

9.  latipennis  Blais. 

10.  sodalis  (Horn) 

11.  punctulata  (LeC)* 

12.  lunulata  Blais.* 

13.  hirtipes  Blais.* 

3.  Telaponium  Blais. 

14.  castaneum  Blais. 

15.  pingue  Blais.,  new  species* 


4.  Cryptadius  LeC. 

16.  inflatus  LeC* 

17.  angulatus  Blais. 

18.  tarsalis  Blais. 

19.  sinuatus  Blais.* 

5.  Emmenides  Csy. 

20.  punctatus  (LeC)* 

21.  catalinae  Blais. 

22.  apicalis  Blais. 

23.  obsoletus  Blais. 

24.  subdescalceatus  Blais. 

6.  Hylocrinus  Csy. 

25.  insularis  Blais.* 

26.  oblongulus  Csy.* 

27.  longulus  (LeC.) 

28.  marginatus  Csy.* 

7.  Emmenastrichus  Horn 

29.  cribratus  Horn* 

30.  erosus  Horn 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIBAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  279 


9. 
10, 
11, 
12, 
13, 


14, 
15, 


16. 
17, 
18, 

19 

20, 
21 


22 


23 


Steriplianus  Csy. 

31.  estebani  Blais. 

32.  mucronatus  Blais. 

33.  tardus  Blais. 

34.  durus  Blais.* 

35.  subopacus  (Horn) 

36.  subopacus  var.  alutaceus  Csy. 

37.  torpidus  Blais. 
Stictodera  Csy. 

38.  pinguis  (LeC.) 
Melanastus  Csy. 

39.  obesus  (LeC.) 
Coniontis  Esch. 

40.  parviceps  Csy. 
Coniontides  Csy. 

41.  keiferi  Blais.,  new  species 
Megasattus  Csy. 

42.  erosus  (Horn)* 

43.  erosus  manuelis  Blais.* 

44.  araneosus  Blais. 

45.  costatus  (Horn) 

46.  sternalis  Blais. 

47.  laeviventris  Blais. 
Eusattodes  Csy. 

48.  laevis  (LeC.) 
Eusattus  LeC. 

49.  dubius  LeC* 

50.  secutus  Horn* 

51.  difficilis  LeC* 

52.  productus  LeC. 

53.  sculptus  Champ. 
Sphaeriontis  Csy. 

54.  ciliata  (Horn) 
Coelus  Esch. 

55.  globosus  LeC* 
Coelomorpha  Csy. 

56.  pallens  Csy. 

57.  maritima  Csv.* 
Trimytis  LeC. 

58.  obtusa  Horn 

59.  ceralboensis  Blais.,  new  specie 
Prometopion  Csy. 

60.  amplipenne  Csy.* 
Chilometopon  Horn 

61.  castaneum  Csy.* 

62.  rugiceps  Blais. 

63.  cribricollis  Blais.* 
Metopoloba  Csy. 

64.  pruinosa  (Horn)* 

65.  densiventris  Csy. 

66.  subpilosa  Blais.,  new  species* 
,  Triorophus  LeC. 

67.  laevis  LeC 


24.  Micromes  Csy. 

68.  ovipennis  Horn 

25.  Triphalus  LeC. 

69.  perf  oratus  LeC* 

70.  cribricollis  Horn* 

71.  subcylindricus  Blais. 

72.  impressifrons  Blais.,  new  species* 

26.  Triphalopsis  Blais. 

73.  partida  Blais. 

74.  minor  Blais.* 

75.  impressicollis  Blais.,  new  species* 

27.  Stibia  Horn 

76.  granulata  Blais. 

77.  fallaciosa  (Blais.)* 

78.  fallaciosa  interstitialis  Blais. 

79.  cribrata  Blais. 

80.  sparsa  Blais.* 

81.  williamsi  Blais. 

82.  puncticollis  Horn* 

83.  puncticollis  martinensis  Blais. 

84.  blairi  Blais.* 

85.  ferruginea  Blais.,  new  species* 

86.  tortugensis  Blais. 

28.  Orthostibia  Blais. 

87.  frontalis  Blais. 

88.  muricata  Blais.,  new  species* 

89.  f  raterna  Blais.,  new  species* 

29.  Edrotes  LeC 

90.  ventricosus  LeC 

91.  desertus  Blais.,  new  species* 

30.  Zopherodes  Csy. 

92.tristis  (LeC)* 

93.  granicollis  (Horn) 

31.  Araeoschizus  LeC. 

94.  limbatus  Blais.,  new  species* 

95.  antennatus  Blais.,  new  species* 

32.  Dacoderus  LeC. 

96.  striaticeps  LeC* 

33.  Batulioides  Csy. 

97.  rotundicollis  LeC. 

34.  Anepsius  LeC 

98.  delicatulus  LeC* 

99.  confluens  Blais. 

100.  angulatus  Blais.* 

35.  Centrioptera  Mann. 

101.  spiculifera  LeC* 

102.  asperata  Horn* 

103.  sculptiventris  Blais. 

104.  pectoralis  Blais.* 

105.  muricata  LeC. 

106.  variolosa  Horn 

107.  seriata  (LeC)* 

108.  chamberlini  Blais. 

109.  michelbacheri  Blais.,  new  species* 


280 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


[Proc.  4th  Ser. 


36.  Cryptoglossa  Sol. 

110.  verrucosa  LeC. 

111.  angularis  Horn* 

112.  granulifera  Champ. 

37.  Craniotus  LeC. 

113.  pubescens  LeC. 

38.  Pycnonotida  Csy. 

114.  inaequalis  (LeC.)* 

39.  Microsehatia  Sol. 

115.  championi  Horn 

40.  Peleeypliorus  Sol. 

116.  aegrotus  (LeC.)* 

117.  morbillosus  (LeC.)* 

41.  Parasida  Csy. 

118.  sexeostata  (LeC.)* 

42.  Stenomorpha  Sol. 

119.  convexa  (LeC.)* 

120.  tumidicollis  Blais.,  new  species^ 

43.  Heterasida  Csy. 
121.bifurca  (LeC.) 

122.  subvittata  Horn 

44.  Asidina  Csy. 

123.  parallela  (LeC.) 

124.  confluens  (LeC.)* 

45.  Tricliiasida  Csy. 

125.  gibbieollis  (Horn)* 

46.  Platasida  Csy. 

126.  embaphionides  (Horn) 

127.  flaccida  Horn 

47.  Asidopsis  Csy. 

128.  planata  (Horn) 

129.  divaricata  Blais.* 

48.  Asida  Latr. 

130.  catalinae  Blais. 

49.  Argoporis  Horn 

131.  impressa  Blais 

132.  alutacea  Csy. 

133.  labialis  Blais, 

134.  aequalis  Blais. 

135.  longipes  Blais. 

136.  inconstans  Horn 

137.  ebenina  Horn* 

138.  apicalis  Blais.* 

50.  Cerenopus  LeC. 

139.  concolor  LeC* 

140.  angustatus  Horn 

141.  aterrimus  Horn 

142.  cribratus  LeC* 

143.  costulatus  Horn* 

51.  Apsena  LeC. 

144.  pubescens  rufescens  Blais.* 

145.  insularis  Blais. 


52.  Epantius  LeC. 

146.  obscurus  (LeC)* 

53.  Ammophorus  Guer. 

147.  obscurus  Waterh. 

54.  Eleodes  Eseli. 

148.  omissa  peninsularis  Blais.* 

149.  omissa  pygmaea  Blais.* 

150.  insularis  Linell. 

151.  insularis  terrieola  (Blais.) 

152.  grandicollis  valida  (Boh.)* 

153.  sanmartinensis  Blais. 

154.  rossi  Blais.,  new  species* 

155.  femorata  LeC* 

156.  militaris  Horn* 

157.  marthae  Blais,,  new  species* 

158.  inepta  Blais. 

159.  vanduzeei  Blais.* 

160.  loretensis  Blais. 

161.  morbosa  Blais. 

162.  moesta  Blais. 

163.  simondsi  Blais.,  new  species* 

164.  mexicana  Blais.,  new  species* 

165.  acuticauda  LeC* 

166.  lucae  LeC* 

167.  lucae  inflata  Blais.,  new  subspecies* 

168.  adumbrata  Blais. 

169.  discincta  Blais.* 

170.  mutilata  Blais. 

171.  gigantea  meridionalis  Blais. 

172.  gigantea  gentilis  LeC. 

173.  innocens  LeC. 

55.  Amphidora  Esch. 

174.  tenebrosa  Horn 

175.  nigropilosa  LeC* 

176.  subdeplanata  Blais.,  new  species* 

56.  Cratidus  LeC. 

177.  rotundicollis  Horn* 

57.  Ulus  Horn 

178.  crassus  (LeC.) 

179.  obliquus  (LeC)* 

58.  Blapstinus  Latr. 

180.  dilatatus  LeC. 

181.  rufipes  Csy. 

182.  coronadensis  Blais. 

183.  ainnosus  Blais.* 

184.  brevicollis  LeC. 

185.  densipunctatus  Blais.,  new  species* 

186.  sulcatus  LeC. 

59.  Conibius  LeC. 

187.  oblongus  Blais,,  new  species* 

188.  opacus  (LeC)* 

189.  reflexus  (Horn)* 

190.  ventralis  Blais. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBBIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  281 


60.  Notibius  LeC. 

191.  puberulus  LeC* 

61.  Nocibiotes  Csy. 

192.  granulatus  (LeC.) 

62.  Tonibiastes  Csy. 

193.  costipennis  (Horn)* 

63.  Tonibius  Csy. 

194.  rossi  Blais.,  new  species* 

195.  sulcatus  (LeC.)* 

64.  Triclioton  Hope. 

196.  sordidum  (LeC.)* 

65.  Ammodonus  Muls. 

197.  granosus  Fall.* 

66.  Phaleria  Latr. 

198.  pilifera  LeC* 

199.  latus  Blais. 

200.  rotundata  LeC 

201.  debilis  LeC. 

67.  Cherostus  Waterh. 

202.  peninsularis  Horn* 

68.  Diaperis  Geoffr. 

203.  rufipes  Horn 

69.  Platydema  C  and  B. 

204.  subquadratum  Mots.* 

70.  Echocerus  Horn 

205.  maxillosus  (Fab.) 

206.  angelicus  Blais.* 

207.  breviceps  Blais.,  iiew  species* 

71.  Cynaeus  LeC. 

208.  angustus  (LeC)* 

209.  depressus  Horn 

72.  Latheticus  Waterh. 

210.  prosopis  Chit. 

ADDENDUM 
SPECIES  OF  TENEBRIONIDAE  INHABITING  PACIFIC  ISLANDS 

(1)  Coelotaxis  punctulata  Horn 

Coelotaxis  punctulata  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  5:   20P;  Casey,  1908,  Proc. 
Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  10:  57,  147;  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  336. 

General  habitns  as  in  Coniontis  Esch.  Form  oblong-oval,  robust,  color 
piceous.  Body  wingless,  margins  fimbriate.  Elytra  sparsely  punctulate.  Epis- 
tomal  sinus  large. 

Type  locality :  Guadalupe  Island^  (Dr.  Edw.  Palmer). 

Species  of  Coelotaxis  are  peculiar  to  Guadalupe  Island.  Hanna  and  Slevin 
obtained  a  good  series  at  the  N.  E.  Landing  in  1922. 

(2)  Coelotaxis  muricata  Horn 

Coelotaxis  muricata  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  5 :  20P;  Casey,  1908,  Proc.  Wash. 
Acad.  Sci.,  10 :  148^. 

Habitus  of  punctulata  Horn.  Color  ferruginous  brown,  luster  opaque. 
Elytral  punctures  muricate,  each  puncture  with  a  short  hair.  Process  of  the 


73.  Tribolium  MacL. 

211.  ferrugineum  Fab. 

74.  Mycotrogus  Horn 

212.  mentalis  Blais.* 

75.  Alphitobius  Steph. 

213.  piceus  (Oliv.) 

76.  Merotemnus  Horn 

214.  filif  ormis  Cast.* 

77.  Doliema  Pasc. 

215.  bifurca  Champ.* 

216.  plana  (Fab.) 

78.  Doliopinus  Horn 

217.  cucujinus  Horn 

79.  Ulosonia  Cast. 

218.  marginata  LeC. 

219.  tricornis  Cast.* 

220.  bi-impressa  (Latr.) 

80.  Ehinandrus  LeC. 

221.  gracilis  LeC* 

222.  sublaevis  Horn 

81.  Coelocnemis  Mann. 

223.  slevini  Blais. 

82.  Eupsophulus  Ckll. 

224.  castaneus  (Horn)* 

225.  horni  Champ. 

83.  Helops  Fab. 

226.  sparsus  Blais.,  ncAv  species 

227.  benitensis  Blais. 

228.  pinguis  Horn 

229.  species 

230.  species 


282  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

first  anterior  tarsal  segment  conceals  the  second  and  part  of  third  segment ;  in 
punctulata  only  the  second  segment  is  concealed,  and  the  body  margins  fim- 
briate. 

Type  locality  :  Guadalupe  Island'  (Dr.  Palmer) . 

Col.  Casey  in  his  monograph  described  three  other  species,  namely :  densa, 
angusUila  and  frontalis^. 

(3)  Oonibius  guadalupensis  Casey 

Conibius  guadalupensis  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5 :  470^;  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  337^. 

Form  oblong,  parallel,  rather  robust,  strongly  convex.  Color  piceous-black, 
antennae  and  legs  dark  ruf  o-testaceous.  Pronotum  about  one-third  wider  than 
long,  apical  angles  obtuse  and  not  prominent;  basal  angles  not  distinctly 
prominent  posteriorly  and  obtuse.  Elytral  striae  very  feebly  impressed,  inter- 
vals flat,  punctures  never  asperate ;  humeral  angles  dentiform  and  feebly 
everted.  Related  to  seriatus  LeConte. 

Type  locality :  Guadalupe  Island\ 

Recorded  distribution :  N.  E.  Landing  and  Pine  Ridge^,  Guadalupe  Island. 

A  good  series  is  at  hand,  collected  mostly  by  Hanna  and  Slevin. 

(4)  Helops  guadalupensis  Casey 

Helops  guadalupensis  Casey,  1890,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  5:  488^;  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  14:  338^. 

Form  elongate,  subparallel,  convex.  Color  piceous-black,  antennae  fuscous, 
under  surface  of  body  and  legs  rufo-piceous.  Pronotal  sides  with  a  fine,  acute 
marginal  bead.  Elytra  not  distinctly  wider  than  the  pronotum  and  without 
grooved  striae,  simply  rows  of  fine  punctures  which  are  entire. 

Type  locality :  Guadalupe  Island\  Collected  at  South  Anchorage""  (Slevin)  ; 
North  End  (J.  T.  Howell)  ;  Pine  Ridge  (Hanna  and  Slevin).  A  series  of  six- 
teen specimens  in  the  collection  of  the  Mus.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci,,  Ent. 

Eleodes  (Promus)  erratica  Champion 

Eleodes  erratica  Champion,  1885,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  4:  87^,  pi.  4,  fig.  16,  male. 

A  small,  convex,  more  or  less  dull  species.  Antennae  long  and  slender,  last 
three  segments  distinctly  broader.  Head  and  pronotum  obsoletely  punctulate, 
the  latter  quadrate  and  widest  at  middle.  Elytra  narrow  in  the  male,  broader 
in  the  female,  widest  about  middle;  punctation  more  or  less  obsolete,  punctato- 
striate,  punctures  small.  Legs  slender,  moderate  in  length,  shorter  in  the 
female ;  basal  segments  of  anterior  tarsi  of  the  male  with  thick  pads  of  yellow- 
ish hairs.  Anterior  femora  with  a  short  tooth,  the  latter  obtuse  in  the  female. 

Type  locality  :  San  Blas\  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico  :  Mazatlan  and  Presidio.  Magdalena  Island, 
Tres  Marias. 


Vol.  XXIV]     BLAISDELL:  TENEBRIONIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  283 

Ten  specimens  from  Magdalena  Island,  collected  by  H.  H.  Keifer,  May  19, 
1925.  Compared  with  a  pair  received  from  the  British  Museum  and  identified 
by  Champion. 

LAS  TRES  MARIAS  ISLANDS 

The  group  comprises  Maria  Madre\  Magdalena^  and  Cleopha^  Islands. 

Tenebrionid  fauna:  Megasattus  costatus  (Ilorn)^  Eleodes  erratica 
Champ.^;  Echocerus  angelicus  Blais.^;  Doliema  hifurca  Champ.^;  Doliema 
plana  (Fab.)^;  Uloso7iia  tricornis  Cast.^;  Ulosonia  hi-impressa  (Latr.)\ 

REVILLAGIGEDO  ISLANDS 

The  group  comprises  Clarion^  (most  western),  Roca  Partida',  San  Bene- 
dicto^,  and  Socorro*  (most  eastern).  Latitude  19  degrees,  between  longitude 
110  and  115  degrees. 

Tenebrionid  fauna  :  Ulosonia  tricornis  Cast.^ 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES 

PLATE  10 

Fig.  1. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Ortliostihia  frontalis  Blais.,  male;  I,  middle 
or  epistomal  lobe ;  J,  lateral  lobe  of  Horn. 

Fig.  2. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Trimytis  pruinosa  LeC,  female ;  L,  epis- 
tomal lobe ;  K,  lateral  lobe. 

Fig.  3. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Pescennius  villosus  Champ.  Mexico. 

Fig.  4. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Triphalopsis  partida  Blais.,  female. 

Fig.  5. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Triorophus  rugiceps  LeC. ;  A,  dorsal  tooth 
at  base  of  mandible  (Horn) ;  B,  porreet  tooth  of  mandible. 

Fig.  6. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Triphalus  perforatus  LeC. 

Fig.  7. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Stihia  crihrata  Blais.,  female. 

Fig.  8. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Stihia  sparsa  Blais.,  female. 

Fig.  9. — Pronotum  of  Triphalopsis  impressicollis  Blais.,  new  species. 

Fig.  10. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Triphalopsis  impressicollis  Blais.,  new 
species. 

Fig.  11. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  alutacea  Casey,  male,  with  a  large 
bifid  tooth,  the  edges  finely  denticulate,  inner  view. 

Fig.  12. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  Mcolor  LeC,  male,  with  two  small, 
acute  and  equal  teeth,  which  are  widely  separated,  the  intervening  edge 
straight. 

Fig.  13. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn,  male,  with  a  long 
slender  tooth  one-third  from  apex.  This  species  probably  occurs  in  northern 
Lower  California. 

Fig.  14. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  costipennis  LeC,  male,  with  a  large 
acute  tooth,  the  edges  of  which  are  finely  denticulate. 

Fig.  15. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  apicalis  Blais.,  new  species,  male, 
with  a  long  and  stout  tooth,  the  anterior  surface  of  which  is  grooved,  the  mar- 
gins irregularly  crenulate. 

Fig.  16. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  ehenina  Horn,  male,  with  a  long 
slender  tooth,  one-third  from  apex.  Apical  margin  of  epistoma  truncate. 

Fig.  17. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  costipennis 
LeC,  showing  margin  of  epistoma  rather  strongly  arcuate  from  side  to  side. 

Fig.  18. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  alutacea  Casey, 
showing  margin  of  epistoma  broadly  and  less  strongly  arcuate  from  side  to 
side,  with  very  feeble  lateral  sinuation  each  side.  (See  fig.  11.) 

Fig.  19. — Frontal  view  of  head  of  Argoporis  inconstans  Horn,  male,  showing 
the  epistomal  apex  truncate.  (See  fig.  3.) 


[  284  J 


PROC.   CALIF.  ACAD.   SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXiV.   NO.   7 


[BLAISDELL] PLATE   lO 


[285] 


PLATE  11 

Fig.  1. — Head  of  Areoschisus  antennatus  Blais.,  new  species ;  frontal  sur- 
face densely  punctate  throughout  as  at  base,  punctures  more  evident  than  the 

scales. 

Fig.  2. — Head  of  Areoschizus  limbatus  Blais.,  new  species;  scales  more  con- 
spicuous than  the  punctation.  Female. 

Fig.  3. — Apical  declivity  of  elytra  of  Argoporis  apicalis  Blais.,  new  species, 
male,  showing  the  convex  intervals,  the  subsutural  tuberculate. 

Fig.  4. — Pronotum  of  Areoschisus  antennatus  Blais.,  new  species ;  margins 
conspicuously  fringed  with  elongate  scales. 

Fig.  5. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  impressa  Blais., 
showing  subtruncate  epistomal  apex  which  is  slightly  emarginate  at  middle ; 
sides  of  head  noticeably  more  reflexed. 

Fig.  6. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  longipes  Blais., 
female,  showing  the  arcuate  epistoma;  apex,  which  is  emarginate  each  side. 
Sides  of  head  feebly  arcuate  and  convergent. 

Fig.  7. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  apicalis  Blais., 
new  species,  showing  the  subtruncate  and  slightly  arcuate  epistomal  apex. 

Fig.  8. — Left  antenna  of  Chilometopon  castaneum  Casey,  male ;  terminal  seg- 
ment equal  in  length  to  the  three  and  three-fourths  preceding  segments. 

Fig.  9. — Eight  antenna  of  Triphalopsis  impressicollis  Blais.,  new  species, 
male.  (See  pi.  10,  fig.  9.) 

Fig.  10. — Right  antenna  of  Cryptoglossa  verrucosa  LeC.  Terminal  segment 
short  and  transverse.  (See  fig.  17.) 

Fig.  11. — Left  antenna  of  Centrioptera  Mann.,  species.  Terminal  segment 
obovate.  (See  fig.  16.) 

Fig.  12. — Frontal  view  of  the  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  hicolor 
LeC,  male,  showing  the  moderate  arcuation  of  the  epistomal  apex  and  lateral 
sinuations.  (See  pi.  10,  fig.  12.) 

Fig.  13. — Frontal  view  of  the  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  lahialis 
Blais.,  male,  showing  epistomal  apex  arcuately  lobed  at  middle  third,  thence 
broadly  sinuate  laterally.  (See  fig.  21.) 

Fig.  14. — Frontal  view  of  the  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  aequalis 
Blais.,  male,  showing  the  epistomal  apex  rather  truncato  arcuate  and  slightly 
sinuate  laterally  within  the  obtusely  rounded  angles.  Sides  of  head  almost 
straight  and  distinctly  convergent  before  the  supra-antennal  arcuations. 

Fig.  15.— Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  impressa  Blais.,  showing  the  rather 
slender  tooth  with  edges  finely  denticulate. 

Fig.  16. — Last  two  antennal  segments  of  Centrioptera  Mann,  species.  (See 
fig.  11.) 

Fig.  17. — Last  two  antennal  segments  of  Cryptoglossa  LeC.  (See  fig.  10.) 

Fig.  18. — Frontal  view  of  head  before  the  eyes  of  Argoporis  ehenina  Horn, 
showing  the  truncate  epistomal  apex.  In  this  species  the  legs  are  black.  (PI.  10, 

fig.  16.) 

Fig.  19. — Frontal  view  of  the  head  of  Telahis  Casey,  showing  the  truncate 
and  slightly  advanced  epistomal  apex. 

Fig.  20. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  aequalis  Blais.,  showing  the  rather 
long,  slender  and  cylindrical  tooth,  adjacent  edge  of  femur  denticulate. 

Fig.  21. — Posterior  femur  of  Argoporis  lahialis  Blais.,  showing  the  short, 
stout  tooth,  irregularly  obtuse  at  apex,  and  three  or  four  denticles  distal  to  the 
tooth,  the  first  of  which  is  approximate. 


[  286  ] 


PROC.  CALIF.   ACAD.   SCI..   4TH  SERIES.  VOL.   XXIV.   NO.   7 


Cblaisdell] plate  n 


[287  ] 


[Marine  Biological  Latjofo 

AUG  2  4  1948 

PROCEEDINGS  1         y^QQOS  HOLE,  MASS. 

OF  THE  L— " 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  8,  pp.  289-312  March  12,  1948 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

« 

No.  8 
LEPIDOPTERA:  RHOPALOCERA 

BY 

FREDERICK  H.  RINDGE 

University  of  California 

VERY  LITTLE  has  been  publislied  about  the  butterflies  of  Lower  California, 
and  most  of  that  deals  with  descriptions  of  new  species.  In  1889  Skinner 
described  Myscelia  streckeri  from  "Lower  California" ;  Weeks  described 
Apodemia  {Lemonias)  maxima,  Strymon  (Hypolycaena)  festata,  and  Pyrgus 
pelagica  [a  synonym  of  Chiomara  asychis  (Cramer)  ]  in  1891  from  specimens 
"taken  near  San  Jose  del  Cabo."  Thirty-nine  years  later  Klots  published  the 
description  of  Ascia  monuste  raza  from  specimens  taken  by  expeditions  of  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences  from  1921  to  1925.  Van  Duzee  mentioned 
one  nymphalid  from  San  Martin  Island  in  1932 ;  in  1941  Cockerell  named  two 
species  as  occurring  at  Ensenada. 

The  rhopalocerous  fauna  of  Lower  California  shows  a  marked  similarity 
to  that  of  southwestern  United  States,  all  but  nine  of  the  eighty-six  species 
listed  below  having  been  recorded  from  both  regions.  Only  one  species  of 
butterfly  {Myscelia  streckeri  Skinner)  seems  to  be  restricted  in  its  range  to 
Lower  California.  There  is  also  a  resemblance  to  the  butterfly  population 
on  the  mainland  of  Mexico  across  the  Gulf  of  California,  especially  that  of 
the  coast  of  the  state  of  Sonora,  as  present  records  indicate  that  four  out 
of  every  ten  species  found  on  the  entire  peninsula  occur  in  this  mainland 
region. 

The  present  fragmentary  records  of  butterflies  taken  from  this  territory 
indicate  that  three  f aunal  regions  are  distinguishable  within  Lower  Califor- 

[  289  ] 


290  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

nia :  (1 )  The  most  distinct  and  clear-cut  section  is  the  coastal  area  of  Ensenada 
and  vicinity,  including  Cedros  Island ;  the  species  here  are  similar  to  those 
found  in  southern  California.  (2)  The  tip  of  the  peninsula  and  the  coastal 
area  along  the  Gulf  of  Calif ornia- to  the  vicinity  of  Concepcion  Bay  has  by 
far  the  largest  number  of  species.  Here  is  found  a  mixture  of  semitropical 
forms,  occurring  in  southern  and  southwestern  United  States  and  northern 
Mexico,  plus  a  scattering  of  Neotropical  types,  the  former  constituting  by 
far  the  majority  of  species.  (3)  The  remaining  territory  has  almost  entirely 
southern  and  southwestern  forms,  although  a  few  species  from  the  Cape  San 
Lucas  region  extend  to  the  north.  The  records  indicate  that  this  area  has  rela- 
tively few  butterflies,  both  in  number  and  kind.  The  northern  mountain 
ranges  may  not  fall  into  any  of  the  above  divisions  but,  owing  to  the  lack  of 
collecting  records  from  this  area,  it  is  at  present  impossible  to  classify  this 
tract. 

As  a  result  of  past  expeditions,  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  has 
built  up  an  excellent  collection  of  butterflies  from  Lower  California ;  the 
author,  thanks  to  the  aid  of  his  family,  also  has  a  good-sized  collection  from 
the  peninsula  and  neighboring  mainland.  It  is  chiefly  from  these  two  sources 
that  the  material  for  this  paper  has  been  compiled ;  records  previously  pub- 
lished are  shown  by  identical  numbers  appended  to  the  bibliographical  refer- 
ences and  their  corresponding  localities.  The  writer  wishes  to  acknowledge 
with  thanks  the  privilege  of  using  some  unpublished  field  notes  of  Mr.  Chris- 
topher Henne  of  Pasadena  who  has  collected  in  the  northwestern  coastal  area 
of  Lower  California. 

This  paper  includes  Lower  California  records  for  eighty-six  species  and 
subspecies  of  butterflies,  arranged  according  to  McDunnough's  "Check  List 
of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Canada  and  the  United  States  of  America"  (1938) .  The 
author  and  family  have  collected  in  the  state  of  Sonora  along  the  Gulf  of 
California  between  Guaymas  and  Tiburon  Island,  stopping  at  San  Pedro  Bay 
and  San  Carlos  Bay,  in  addition  to  the  two  above-mentioned  localities.  Species 
that  were  found  on  the  peninsula,  as  well  as  in  this  mainland  area,  are  so  noted 
in  the  paper;  these  latter  records  are  those  of  the  author  unless  otherwise 
specified. 

PAPILIONIDAE 
(1)  Papilio  philenor  Linnaeus 

PapiUo  philenor  Linnaeus,  1771,  Mant.  Plantar.,  p.  535 ;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1890,  Biol. 
Centr.-Amer.,  Eliop.,  2:204;  Seitz,  1907,  Macrolep.,  5:20;  Comstock,  1927,  Butter- 
flies Calif.,  p.  17;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  312. 

PapiUo  astinous  Drury,  1773,  Illus.  Exot.  Ent.,  1:11. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  4,  1928,  March  20,  1939,  November  13, 
1939,  December  24, 1938  ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938. 

This  species  was  also  found  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora,  as  well  as  in  the 
inland  portion  of  that  state. 


Vol.  XXIV]      RINDGE:  BHOPALOCERA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  291 

(2)  Papilio  asterius  Cramer 

Papilio  asterius  Cramer,  1782,  Pap,  Exot.,  4:194;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1890,  Biol.  Centr.- 
Amer.,  Eliop.,  2:242;  Seitz,  1907,  Macrolep.,  5:23;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 
rev.  ed.,  p.  314. 

Localities :  Big  Canyon,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  13,  1941 ;  La  Laguna, 
Sierra  Laguna,  October  14, 1941. 

(3)  Papilio  cresphontes  Cramer 

Papilio  cresphontes  Cramer,  1777,  Pap.  Exot.,  2:106-107;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1890,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.  Ehop.,  2:223;  Seitz,  1907,  Macrolep.,  5:24;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly 

Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  317. 
Papilio  oxilus  Hubner,  1818,  Verz.  bekannt.  Schmett.,  83,  850. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  1928,  November  13, 1939 ;  Santiago, 
July  8, 1938. 

PIERIDAE 

(4)  Anthocharis  cethura  deserti  Wright 

AnthocJiaris  deserti  Wrigb.t,  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  106. 

Anthocharis  cethura  deserti,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5:1024;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies 

Calif.,  p.  42. 
Euchloe  cethura  deserti,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  286. 

Locality :  Cedros  Island,  March  18, 1939. 

(5)  Anthocharis  sara  reakirti  Edwards 

Anthocharis  sara  reaTcirti  Edwards,  1869,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  2:368;  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep., 

5:95;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  43. 
Euchloe  sara  reaTcirti,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  286. 

Localit}^ :  Cedros  Island,  March  18, 1939. 

(6)  Zerene  caesonia  (St oil) 

Papilio  caesonia  Stoll,  1790,  Suppl.  Cram.,  p.  176. 

Colias  cesonia,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:153. 
Meganostoma  cesonia,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:94. 

Zerene  caesonia,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  48;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 
rev.  ed.,  p.  292. 

Localities :  San  Geronimo  Island,  July  13,  1905 ;  30  miles  south  El  Arco, 
June  24, 1938;  Asuncion  Bay,  November  11, 1939 ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February 

23,  1928,  November  12,  1939  ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December 

24,  1938 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  November  16, 
1939 ;  Isla  Partita  Cove,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928 ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939. 

This  butterfly  was  also  found  in  Sonora  along  the  Gulf  of  California. 

(7)  Anteosclorinde  (Godart) 

Colias  clorinde  Godart,  1823,  Enc.  Metli.,  IX,  Sup.,  p.  813. 

Anteos  clorinde,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:148. 


292  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Sek. 

Gonepteryx  clorinde,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:89;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev. 

ed.,  p.  290. 
Amynthia  swainsonia  Swainson,  1832,  Zool.  Illustr.,  2:65. 
Colias  godarti  Perty,  1834,  Del.  Animal,  p.  152. 

Locality :  Cape  Sau  Lucas,  November  14, 1939. 

(8)  Anteos  maerula  (Fabricius) 

Papilio  maerula  Fabricius,  1775,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  479. 

Anteos  maerula,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2 :  149. 

Gonepteryx  maerida,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:89. 

Papilio  ecclipsis  Cramer,  1777,  Pap,  Exot.,  2:47. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  13,  1928,  November  14,  1939,  December 

^^'  ■^^^^'  (9)  Phoebis  eubule  (Linnaeus) 

Papilio  euhule  Linnaeus,  1767,  Syst.  Nat.,  1:764. 

Callidryas  eubule,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:141;  Holland, 

1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  289. 
Catopsilia  euhule,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5 :85. 

Localities :  Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November 
14, 1939,  December  24, 1938 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Five  miles 
west  San  Bartolo,  July  13, 1938  ;  Ballina  Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Decem- 
ber 30,  1928 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Puerto  Escon- 
dido,  January  1,  1939 ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 

This  species  has  been  taken  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  the  state  of  Sonora. 

(10)  Phoebis  agarithe  (Boisduval) 

Colias  agarithe  Boisduval,  1836,  Spec.  Gen.  Lep.,  1 :623. 

Phoehis  agaritlie,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:145. 

Catopsilia  agarithe,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5 :87. 

Callidryas  agarithe,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  289. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  19,  1928,  March  20,  1939,  November 
13,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Espiritu 
Santo  Island,  March  7, 1928,  December  30, 1938  (Ballina  Bay) ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939. 

(11)  Eurema  jacunda  (Boisduval  and  LeConte) 

Xanthidia  jacunda  Boisduval  and  LeConte,  1833,  Lep.  Amer.  Sept.,  p.  52. 

Terias  jacunda,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:168;  Seitz,  1910, 

Macrolep.,  5:83. 
Eurema  jacunda,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9:124;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed., 

p.  303. 

Localities:  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  14,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  Los 
Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938. 

(12)  Eurema  daira  (Godart) 

Pieris  daira  Godart,  1819,  Enc.  Meth.,  9 :137. 
Eurema  daira,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer,,  9 :  126. 


Vol.  XXIV]      EINDGE :  EHOPALOCEBA   OF  LOWEB  CALIFOEXIA  293 

Papilio  delia  Cramer,  1782,  Pap.  Exot.,  3:273. 

Terias  delia,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5 :83. 

Eurema  delia,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  303. 

Eurema  demoditas  Hubner,  "1816"  (1820),  Verz.  Bekaimt.  Sclimett.,  96,  No.  1016. 

Terias  cepio  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:169. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  4,  1928,  November  13,  1939,  December 

24,  1938 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1928 ;  Puerto  Escondido,  March  8, 

1928 

(13)  Eurema  nicippe  (Cramer) 

Papilio  nicippe  Cramer,  1782,  Pap.  Exot.,  3:20. 

Terias  nicippe,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:155;  Seitz,  1910, 

Macrolep.,  5:81. 
Eurema  nicippe,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  56 ;  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9 :132  ; 

Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  301. 

Localities :  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Puerto  Escon- 
dido, January  1,  1939 ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2,  1939;  San  Francisquito  Bay, 
May  10, 1921. 

This  species  was  fairly  common  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

(14)  Eurema  boisduvaliana  (Felder) 

Terias  boisduvaliana  Felder,  1865,  Eeise  Nov.  Lep.,  2:200;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889, 

Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2 :  159. 
Eurema  boisduvaliana,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9:133. 
Terias  ingrata  Felder,  1869,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  465. 
Terias  mexicana  (Boisduval),  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:81. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  20,  1939,  November  14,  1939 ;  El  Tule 
Ranch,  March  5, 1928. 

(15)  Eurema  mexicana  (Boisduval) 

Terias  mexicana  Boisduval,  1836,  Spec.  Gen.  Lep.,  1:655;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:157;  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:81. 
Eurema  mexicana,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9:134;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev. 

ed.,  p.  301. 
Terias  damaris  Felder,  1865,  Eeise  Nov.  Lep.,  1 :198. 
Terias  depuiseti  Boisduval,  1870,  Lep.  Gnat.,  p.  11. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  1928,  March  20,  1939,  November  13, 
1939,  December  24,  1938;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5,  1928;  Ballina  Bay,  Es- 
piritu  Santo  Island,  December  30,  1938;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  Decem- 
ber 31, 1938 ;  Puerto  Escondido,  March  8, 1928. 

Also  found  along  the  Gulf  of  California  in  the  state  of  Sonora. 

(16)  Eurema gundlachia  (Poey) 

Terias  gundlachia  Poey,  1851,  Hist,  Nat.  Cuba,  p.  246;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:156;  Seitz,  1910,  IVIacrolep.,  5:81. 
Eurema  gundlachia,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9:137;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev. 

ed.,  p.  300. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5, 
1928;  Miraflores,  July  10, 1938. 


294  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(17)  Eurema  lisa  euterpe  (Menetries) 

CoUas  euterpe  Menetries,  1832,  Bull.  Mosc,  p.  299. 

Terias  euterpe,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:162. 

Terias  lisa  euterpe,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:83. 

Eurema  lisa  euterpe,  Klots,  1928,  Ent,  Amer,,  9 :138. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  21, 1939. 

(18)  Eurema  nise  perimede  (Prittwitz) 

Terias  perimede  Prittwitz,  1865,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeitung,  p.  134. 
Eurema  nise  perimede,  Klots,  1928,  Ent.  Amer.,  9 :140. 
Terias  linda  Edwards,  1884,  Pap.,  4 :53. 
Terias  tliymetus  Fabrieius,  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:82. 

Localities:  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  1928,  March  21,  1939,  November  14, 
1939,  December  24,  1938;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Miraflores, 
July  10,  1938;  Muertos  Bay,  December  29,  1938;  La  Paz,  March  15,  1928; 
Ballina  Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  December  30,  1938 ;  North  end  San  Jose 
Island,  December  31,  1938;  Puerto  Escondido,  March  8,  1928;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20, 1938. 

(19)  Nathalis  iole  Boisduval 

Nathalis  iole  Boisduval,  1836,  Spec.  Gen.  Lep.,  1:589;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1889,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:172;  Seitz,  1910,  Macrolep.,  5:95;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies 

Calif.,  p.  36;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ecL,  p.  283. 
Nathalis  felioia  Poet,  1853,  Hist.  Nat.  Cuba,  p.  443. 
Nathalis  irene  Fitch,  1856,  Trans.  New  York  State  Agric.  Soc,  p.  485. 
Nathalis  luteolus  Reakirt,  1863,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  2:350. 

Localities:  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  19,  1928,  March  21,  1939,  November 
13,  1939,  December  26,  1938 ;  El  Tule  Kanch,  March  5,  1928 ;  Muertos  Bay, 
November  16, 1939,  December  29, 1938;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7, 1928  ; 
Puerto  Escondido,  March  8, 1928 ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939 ;  Thirty  miles 
south  El  Arco,  June  24, 1938. 

This  butterfly  was  fairly  common  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

( 20 )  Pieris  beckeri  Edwards 

Pieris  lecTceri  Edwards,  1871,  Butterflies  No.  Amer.,  p.  28;  Seitz,  1909,  Macrolep.,  5:59; 
Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  29;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed., 
p.  280. 

Locality :  Hamilton  Ranch,  May,  1929  (Henne) . 

(21)  Pieris  sisymbrii  Boisduval 

Pieris  sisymlrii  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10:284;  Seitz,  1909,  Macrolep., 
5:59;  CoMSTOCK,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  30;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev. 
ed.,  p.  281. 

Locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  22, 1939. 

(22)  Pieris  protodice  Boisduval  and  LeConte 
Pieris  protodice  Boisduval  and  LeConte,  1833,  Lep.  Amer.  Sept.,  p.  45;  Godman  and 


Vol.  XXIV]      BINDGE:  REOPALOCEBA  OF  LOWEB  CALIFOBNIA  295 

Salvin,  1889,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:130;  Seitz,  1909,  Macrolep.,  5:59;  CoM- 
STOCK,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  31;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  280. 

Localities :  Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939  ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November 
13, 1939 ;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7, 1928. 
This  species  has  been  taken  at  Guaymas,  Sonora. 

(23)  Ascia  sevata  kuschei  (Schaus) 

Pieris  Jcuschei  Schaus,  1920,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  57:109. 

Localities :  Santa  Margarita  Island,  July  29,  1922 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March 
5, 1928 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  7,  1928,  March  23, 1939,  April  17, 1928,  Novem- 
ber 16, 1939,  December  29, 1938;  Ballina  Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Decem- 
ber 30,  1938;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1, 1941 ;  San  Ignaeio, 
June  26,  1938 ;  Fifteen  miles  north  San  Ignaeio,  September  29,  1941 ;  Thirty 
miles  south  El  Arco,  June  24, 1938;  Las  Animas  Bay,  January  3, 1939. 

Specimens  have  been  taken  from  the  Sonoran  mainland  along  the  Gulf  of 

(24)  Ascia  monuste  raza  Klots 

Ascia  monuste  raza  Klots,  1930,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  6:145^;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 
rev.  ed.,  p.  278. 

This  form  was  described  from  specimens  taken  by  various  expeditions  of 
the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  to  Lower  California.  The  localities  and 
dates  of  the  specimens  in  the  type  series  are  indicated  below. 

Localities:  Abreojos  Point,  July  31,  1922  (paratype)^;  Santa  Maria  Bay, 
November  12, 1939;  Magdalena  Bay,  May  20, 1925,  May  29, 1925  (paratype)\ 
July  7,  1938,  July  26,  1922;  Santa  Margarita  Island,  July  29,  1922  (para- 
type)';  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  4,  19,  1928,  March  20,  1939,  November  13, 
1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5,  1928 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay, 
December  28,  1938;  Amortajada  Bay,  San  Jose  Island,  December  23,  1938; 
Puerto  Escondido,  January  1,  1939;  Salinas  Bay,  Carmen  Island,  June  10, 
16,  1921  (paratypes)';  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20,  1938;  Coyote  Cove, 
Concepcion  Bay,  October  1,  1941 ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  January  3,  1939 ;  Isla 
Raza,  April  21,  1921  (holotype,  paratypes)^;  Smith's  Island,  Angeles  Bay, 
June  27,  1921  (allotj^pe)^;  Pond  Island  Bay,  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island, 
June  30, 1921  (paratype)^;  Monument  Bay,  Tiburon  Island,  January  4, 1939. 

This  species  has  also  been  found  on  the  coast  of  the  state  of  Sonora. 

DANAIDAE 
(25)  Danaus  berenice  strigosa  (Bates) 

Danais  strigosa  Bates,  1864,  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.,  1 :32. 

Danais  Berenice  strigosa,  Seitz,  1909,  Macrolep.,  5:114;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  69. 
Danaus  herenice  strigosa,  Co:mstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  60. 
Danais  berenice  (Cramer),  Godman  and  Salvin,  1879,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:3. 


296  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Localities:  Ensenada,  July  4,  1905;  Cedros  Island,  November  10,  1939; 
Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939 ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February  25,  1928, 
November  12, 1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  19, 1928,  March  21, 1939,  Novem- 
ber 13,  1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Muer- 
tos  Bay,  March  24,  1939,  November  16,  1939;  Triunfo,  July  15,  1938 ;  North 
end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31, 1938  ;  Angeles  Bay,  May  7, 1921. 

This  butterfly  has  been  found  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

SATYRIDAE 
(26)  Coenonympha  California  Westwood  and  Hewitson 

Coenonymplm  California  Westwood  and  Hewitson",  1851,  Gen.  Diurn.  Lepid.,  2:398 ;  Seitz, 
1911,  Macrolep.,  5:226;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  65;  Holland,  1931, 
Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  182 ;  Cockerell,  1941,  Trans.  San  Diego  Soe.  Nat.  Hist., 
9:350^;  Davenport,  1941,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.  Harvard,  87:260. 

Satyrus  galactinus  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10:309. 

Coenonympha  California  galactinus,  Seitz,  1911,  Macrolep.,  5:226;  Comstock,  1927, 
Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  QQ-,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  182. 

Coenonympha  ceres  Butler,  1866,  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.,  4:78. 

Locality :  Ensenada,  March  23-26,  IMV,  July  2-5, 1905. 

NYMPHALIDAE 

HELICONnNAE 

(27)  Dionevanillae  (Linnaeus) 

Papilio  vanillae  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.  10  ed.,  1 :482. 

Agraulis  vanillae,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:171. 

Dione  vanillae,  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep.,  5:401;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  78; 

Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  79. 
Papilio  passiflorae  Fabricius,  1793,  Ent.  Syst.,  3 :60. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December  25,  1938 ;  Los 
Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938  ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  17, 1928,  November  16, 
1939;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 

This  species  has  been  taken  on  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

Nymphalinae 
(28)  Euptoietahegesia  (Cramer) 

Papilio  liegesia  Cramer,  1782,  Pap.  Exot.,  3 :209. 

Euptoieta  liegesia,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:175;  Seitz, 

1913,  Macrolep.,  5:404;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  80;  Holland,  1931, 

Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  81. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  4,  1928,  March  21,  1939,  November  13, 
1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5,  1928 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay, 
December  28, 1938;  Five  miles  west  San  Bartolo,  July  13,  1938  ;  Muertos  Bay, 
March  17,  1928,  December  29,  1938 ;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928 ; 
North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31, 1938. 

This  butterfly  occurs  in  the  state  of  Sonora  along  the  Gulf  of  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]      RINDGE :  BHOPALOCEBA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  297 

(29)  MelitaeagabbiiBehr 

Melitaea  gahhii  Behr,  1863,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  3:89;  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep., 
5:432;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  108;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev. 
ed.,  p.  124. 

Melitaea  sonora  Boisduval,  1869,  Ann,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  12:56. 

Locality :  Ensenada,  July  2-5, 1905. 

(30)  Anthanassa  texana  (Edwards) 

Melitaea  texana  Edwards,  1863,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  2:81. 

Phyciodes  texana,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:200;  Seitz,  1913, 

Macrolep.,  5:442. 
Anthanassa  texana,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  141. 
Eresia  smerdis  Hewitson,  1864,  Ex.  Butt.,  3:  Eresia,  5. 

Localities:  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  12,  1941;  Big  Canyon, 
Sierra  Laguna,  October  13,  1941 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  5,  1928,  March  20, 
1939,  November  13,  1939 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938 ;  Ballina  Bay, 
Espiritu  Santo  Island,  December  30, 1938;  Puerto  Escondido,  March  8, 1928 ; 
San  Marte  Bay,  December  20, 1938. 

This  species  was  found  along  the  coast  of  Sonora,  as  well  as  in  the  inland 

(31)  Chlosyne  lacinia  crocale  (Edwards) 

Synchloe  ci'ocale  Edwards,  1874,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  5 :17. 

Chlosyne  lacinia  crocale,  Seitz^  1913,  Macrolep.,  5:451;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif., 

p.  119;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  143. 
Synchloe  lacinia  (Geyer),  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Anier.,  Ehop.,  1:176. 

Locality :  Mexicali,  June  25, 1939. 

This  butterfly  has  also  been  found  along  the  Sonoran  coast. 

(32)  Chlosyne  calif ornica  (Wright) 

Synchloe  calif  ornica  Wright,  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  170. 

Chlosyne  calif  ornica,  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep.,  5:451;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p. 
120 ;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  143. 

Localities :  Fifteen  miles  north  San  Ignacio,  September  29,  1941 ;  Espiritu 
Santo  Island,  March  7, 1928. 

(33)  Mestra  amymone  (Mene tries) 

Cystineura  amymone  Meneteies,  1857,  Cat.  Mus.  St.  Pet.,  1:123;  Godman  and  Salvin, 

1883,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:1278;  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep.,  5:467. 
Mestra  amymone,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  144. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  22, 1939,  December  24, 1938. 
This  species  has  been  found  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

(34)  Vanessa  car dui  (Linnaeus) 

Papilio  cardui  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10  ed.,  1 :475. 

Pyrameis  cardui,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:217;  Seitz,  1913, 
Macrolep.,  5:458. 


298  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Vanessa  cardui,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  133;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  154;  Cockerell,  1941,  Trans.  San  Diego  Soe.  Nat.  Hist.,  9:350^. 
Papilio  carduelis  Seba,  1765,  Thes.,  4:6. 

Localities :  Ensenada,  April  10-27,  1941";  Toclos  Santos  Islands,  July  30, 
1937 ;  San  Martin  Island,  July  25, 1937,  December  16, 1938  ;  San  Quentin  Bay, 
July  12,  1938 ;  Cedros  Island,  July  27,  1937,  November  10,  1939 ;  Asuncion 
Bay,  November  11,  1939;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December  25, 
1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  November  16, 1939;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December 
31, 1938 ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  Januar^^  3, 1939. 

This  cosmopolitan  butterfly  was  also  found  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  the  state 

(35)  Vanessa  carye  (Hiibner) 

Hamadryas  decora  carye  Hubner,  1806,  Samml.  ex.  Schmett.,  1 :45. 

Pyrameis  carye,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:219;  Seitz,  1913, 

Macrolep.,  5:459. 
Vanessa  carye,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  134;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  154;  Van  Duzee,  1932,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4),  21 :142\ 
Vanessa  cliarie  Blanchard,  1852,  Gay's  Faun.  Chil.,  7:26. 

Locality :  San  Martin  Island,  August  19, 1932\ 

(36)  Junonia  lavinia  (Cramer) 

Papilio  lavinia  Cramer,  1782,  Pap.  Exot.,  4 :290. 

Precis  lavinia,  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep.,  5 :461.  ^ 

Junonia  lavinia,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  156. 

Localities:  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February  23,  1928,  November  12,  1939; 
Amortajada  Bay,  San  Jose  Island,  December  23,  1938 ;  Puerto  Escondido, 
January  1, 1939. 

This  butterfly  also  occurs  on  the  Sonoran  mainland  along  the  Gulf  of  Call- 

(37)  Anartia  jatrophae  Johanssen 

Anartia  jatrophae  Johanssen,  1764,  Amoen.  Acad.,  6:408;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882, 
Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  1:221;  Seitz,  1913,  Macrolep.,  5:462;  Holland,  1931, 
Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  157. 

Papilio  jatrophae,  Linnaeus,  1764,  Mus.  Lud.  Ulr.  Eeg.,  p.  289. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13, 1939,  December  25, 1938. 

(38)  Myscelia  streckeri  Skinner 

Myscelia  strecJceri  Skinner,  1889,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  16:87;  Weeks,  1905,  111.  Unfig. 

Lep.,  1:6. 
Myscelia  sMnneri  strecTceri,  Seitz,  1915,  Macrolep.,  5:483. 

Skinner,  in  his  original  description,  gave  the  type  locality  as  "Lower  Cali- 
fornia." This  species. appears  to  be  indigenous  to  the  peninsula. 

Localities  :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  4,  19,  1928,  November  14,  1939,  Decem- 
ber 25,  1938;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Muertos  Bay,  November 
16, 1939;  Fifteen  miles  west  La  Paz,  July  5, 1938 ;  Ten  miles  northwest  La  Paz, 
October  6, 1941 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31, 1938 ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939. 


Vol.  XXIV]      EINDGE :  SHOPALOCEEA   OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  299 

(39)  Anaeaaidea  (Guerin) 

Nymplialis  (Thy metes  ?)  aidea  Guerin,  1844,  Icon.  Eegne  Anim.  Ins.  texte,  p.  478. 

Anaea  aidea,  Godman"  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Khop.,  1:338;  Seitz,  1916, 

Macrolep.,  5:582. 
Aneae  morrisonii  Edwards,  1883,  Pap.,  3:8;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  173. 

Localities :  Todos  Santos  (Cape  region),  October  18, 1941 ;  Cape  San  Lucas, 
March  21,  1939,  November  14,  1939;  Santiago,  July  8,  1938;  Muertos  Bay, 
November  16, 1939 ;  Ten  miles  northwest  La  Paz,  October  6, 1941 ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1, 1941. 

This  species  has  been  taken  on  the  coast  of  the  state  of  Sonora. 

LIBYTHEIDAE 
(40)  LibytheabachmaniiKirtland 

Libythea  haclimanii  Kirtland,  1852,  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  2:13,  336;  Seitz,  1916,  Macrolep., 
5:623;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  147;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 
rev.  ed.,  p.  210. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  22,  1938,  November  13,  1939,  December 
26,  1938 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Pulpito  Bay,  Jan- 
uary 2, 1939. 

This  species  was  found  along-  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

ERYCINIDAE 
(4i)  Lymnas  cephise  acroleuca  (Felder) 

Limnas  acroleuca  Felder,  1869,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  p.  467;  Godman  and  Salvin, 

1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  1 :411. 
Lymnas  cephise  acroleuca,  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep.,  5:660. 

Localities:  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  14,  1939;  Agua  Caliente  (Cape 
region),  October  18, 1941. 

RIODINIDAE 

(42)  Apodemia mormo  (Felder) 

Lemonias  mormo  Felder,  1859,  Wien.  Ent.  Mon.,  3:271. 

Apodemia  mormo,  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep.,  5:700;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p. 

149;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  212. 
NemeoMus  dumeti  Behr,  1865,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  (2),  3:178. 
Chrysobia  mormonia  Boisduval,  1868,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  12:52. 

Localities :  Cedros  Island,  July  14, 1938,  November  10, 1939 ;  Angeles  Bay, 
June  26, 1921,  July  25, 1921. 

(43)  Apodemia  mormo  virgnlti  (Behr) 

NemeoUus  virgulti  Behr,  1^65,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  3 :  178. 

Apodemia  virgulti,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  1:467;  Holland, 

1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  212. 
Apodemia  mormo  virgulti,  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep.,  5:700;   Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies 

CaHf .,  p.  149. 


300  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Apodemia  sonorensis  Felder,  1865,  Reise  Nov.  Lep.,  2:303. 

Lemonias  cythera  Edwards,  1873,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  4:345. 

Apodemia  cythera,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:467;  Holland, 

1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  212. 
Apodemia  mormo  cythera,  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep,,  5 :700. 

Localities :  Ensenada,  July  2-5, 1905;  Cedros  Island,  July  27, 1937. 

(44)  Apodemia  mormo  maxima  (Weeks) 

Lemonias  waa;ima  Weeks,  1891,  Ent.  News,  2:104^;  Weeks,  1905,  111.  Unfig.  Lep.,  1:3. 
Apodemia  mormo  maxima,  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep.,  5 :  700. 

This  form  of  metal-mark  was  described  from  specimens  taken  near  San  Jose 
del  Cabo  in  August,  1888\ 

Localities:  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  Los 
Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  23, 1939,  November  16, 
1939,  December  29, 1938  ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939 ;  Agua  Verde,  May  26, 
1921;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1,  1941;  Ten  miles  east  San 
Ignacio,  November  30,  1941 ;  Fifteen  miles  north  San  Ignacio,  November  29, 
1941 ;  Monument  Bay,  Tibnron  Island,  January  4, 1939. 

This  species  was  also  found  along  the  coast  of  Sonora. 

(45)  Apodemia  palmeri  (Edwards) 

Lemonias  palmeri  Edwards,  1870,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3:195. 

Apodemia  palmeri,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:468;  Seitz, 
1917,  Macrolep.,  5:700;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  213. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  1928,  March  22,  1939,  November  13, 
1939,  December  26, 1938;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5, 1928 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March 
23, 1939,  November  16, 1939,  December  29, 1938 ;  La  Paz,  June  5, 1921 ;  Ballina 
Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  December  30,  1938 ;  Twenty  miles  south  San 
Ignacio,  June  25, 1938  ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  May  8, 1921 ;  Twenty  miles  west  San 
Augustine,  September  24, 1941. 

This  small  butterfly  has  been  found  along  the  Gulf  of  California  in  Sonora, 
as  well  as  in  the  inland  portions  of  that  state. 

(46)  Oalephalis  nemesis  (Edwards) 

Charis  nemesis  Edwards,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3:212;   Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep., 

5:689. 
Calephalis  nemesis,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  151;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly 

Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  218. 
Charis  australis  Edwards,  1877,  Field  and  Forest,  3:87;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1882,  Biol. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  1:430;  Seitz,  1917,  Macrolep.,  5:689. 
Calephalis  australis,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  218. 
Calephalis  nemesis  australis,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  152. 
Charis  guadeloupe  Strecker,  1878,  Lep.  Ehop.  and  Heter.,  p.  131. 

Localities  for  typical  nemesis:  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938 ;  Muertos 
Bay,  November  16, 1938. 


Vol.  XXIV]      BINDGE:  BHOPALOCEBA  OF  LOWEB  CALIFOBNIA  301 

Localities  for  form  australis:  Cedros  Island,  March  15, 1938,  March  18, 1939, 
July  22, 1922,  July  27, 1937,  November  10, 1939 ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November 
12, 1939;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1, 1941. 

Aiistralis  has  also  been  taken  on  the  Gulf  coast  of  the  state  of  Sonora. 

LYCAENIDAE 

Theclinae 
(47)  Atlides  halesus  (Cramer) 

Papilio  halesus  Cramer,  1779,  Pap.  Exot.,  2:98. 

Thecla  halesus,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:18;  Seitz,  1919, 

Macrolep.,  5:750. 
Atlides  halesus,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  154;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  224. 
Atlides  dolichos  Kubner,  1818,  Zutr.  exot.  Schmett.,  2:9. 
Thecla  juanita  Scudder,  1868,  Proc.  Boston  Soe.  Nat.  Hist.,  11 :  435. 

Locality :  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1, 1941. 

(48)  Strymon  simaethis  (Drury) 

Papilio  simaethis  Drury,  1770,  111.  Exot.  Ent.,  1:1. 

Thecla  simaethis,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer,,  Rhop.,  2:81;  Seitz,  1919, 

Macrolep.,  5:798 ;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  232. 
Thecla  sarita  Skinner,  1895,  Ent.  News,  6:112. 

Localities :  Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November 
13,  1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  November  16,  1939 ;  Espiritu 
Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928,  December  30,  1938  (Ballina  Bay)  ;  North  end 
San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938;  Puerto  Escondido,  January  1,  1939; 
Pulpito  Bay,  January  2,  1939 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20,  1938 ;  Coyote 
Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  October  1,  1941. 

(49)  Strymon  columella  (Fabricius) 

Papilio  columella  Fabricius,  1793,  Ent.  Syst.,  3:1,  282. 

Strymon  columella,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  156, 

Thecla  columella,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  240. 

Tmolus  eurytulus  Hubner,  1806-1824,  Samml.  exot.  Schmett.,  2. 

Thecla  eurytulus,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:96;  Seitz,  1919, 

Macrolep.,  5:806. 
Thecla  istapa  Reakirt,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  339. 
Thecla  ocellifera  Grote,  1873,  Buff.  Bull.,  1 : 78. 
Thecla  modesta  Maynard,  1873,  Amer.  Nat.,  7:178. 
Thecla  salona  Hewitson,  1874,  111.  Diurn.  Lep.,  p.  159. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  19,  1928,  November  13,  1939,  December 
24,  1938 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5, 1928 ;  Los  FraHes  Bay,  December  28, 1938; 
Muertos  Bay,  December  29,  1938;  La  Paz,  March  15,  1928;  Espiritu  Santo 
Island,  March  7, 1928 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31, 1938 ;  Pulpito 
Bay,  January  2,  1939;  San  Marcos  Island,  June  19,  1921;  Puerto  Refugio, 
Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island,  June  29, 1921. 


302  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(50)  Strymon  leda  (Edwards) 

Thecla  leda  Edwards,  1882,  Pap.,  2:23;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer., 
Rhop.,  2: 90  J  Seitz,  1919,  Macrolep.,  5:805;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed., 
p.  240. 

Strymon  leda,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  156. 

Localities :  Puerto  Escondido,  June  14,  1921 ;  i^ngeles  Bay,  June  26,  1921. 

(51)  Strymon  leda  ines  (Edwards) 

Thecla  ines  Edwards,  1882,  Pap.,  2:25;  Seitz,  1919,  Macrolep.,  5:805;  Holland,  1931, 

Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  240. 
Strymon  leda  ines,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  157. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  15, 1939,  December  20,  1938  ;  Muer- 
tos  Bay,  November  16,  1939,  December  29,  1938 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island, 
December  31, 1938;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2,  1939 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December 
20, 1938 ;  Angeles  Bay,  May  5, 1921. 

(52)  Strymon  melinus  Hlibner 

Strymon  melinus  Hubner,  1818,  Zutr.  exot.  Sclimett.,  1:22;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies 

Calif.,  p.  157. 
Thecla  melinus,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:92;  Seitz,  1919, 

Macrolep.,  5:806;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  235. 
Thecla  hyperici  Boisduval  and  LeConte,  1833,  Lep.  Amer.  Sept.,  p.  90. 
Thecla  humuli  Hakris,  1841,  Ins.  Inj.  Veg.,  1st  ed.,  -p.  215. 

Localities:  Ensenada,  July  2-5,  1905;  San  Martin  Island,  July  11,  1905; 
Cedros  Island,  March  18,  1939,  July  18,  1905,  November  10,  1939 ;  Asuncion 
Bay,  November  11,  1939 ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939 ;  Magdalena 
Bay,  May  29,  1925  ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December  25,  1938 ; 
El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5,  1928;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938;  Espiritu 
Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ; 
San  Marte  Bay,  December  20, 1938 ;  Angeles  Bay,  June  26, 1921. 

This  butterfly  was  fairly  common  along  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora,  as  well  as 
in  the  inland  regions  of  that  state. 

(53)  Strymon  festata  (Weeks) 

Hypolycaena  festata  Weeks,  1891,  Ent.  News,  2:102^;  Weeks,  1905,  111.  Unfig.  Lep.,  1:1. 

This  hair-streak  was  described  from  specimens  taken  in  August,  1888,  near 
San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 

Localities :  Abreojos  Point,  July  31,  1922 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13, 
1939,  December  24, 1938 ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5, 1928 ;  Muertos  Bay,  Novem- 
ber 16,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  La  Paz,  June  3,  1921;  North  end  San  Jose 
Island,  December  31, 1938  ;  Puerto  Escondido,  January  1, 1939 ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2,  1939 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20,  1938 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concep- 
cion  Bay,  October  1, 1941. 

This  species  has  also  been  taken  along  the  coast  of  Sonora  bordering  the 
Gulf  of  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]      FINDGE:  EHOPALOCERA   OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  303 

Lycaeninae 
(54)  Lycaena  hermes  (Edwards) 

Chrysophanus  hermes  Edwards,  1870,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3:21;  Seitz,  1919,  Macrolep., 

5:812;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  247. 
Tliarsalea  hermes,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  172. 
Chrysophanus  del-sud  "Wright,  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  215. 

Locality :  Five  miles  north  of  Ensenada,  May,  1929  (Henne) . 

(55)  Lycaena  xanthoides  (Boisduval) 

PoJyommatiis  xanthoides  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10 : 292. 

Chrysophanus  xanthoides,  Seitz,  1919,  Macrolep.,  5:812;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  247. 
Heodes  xanthoides,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  172. 

Locality:  Johnson  Eanch  (ten  miles  north  Hamilton  Ranch),  May,  1929 
(Henne). 

Plebeiinae 
(56)  Leptotes  marina  (Reakirt) 

Lycaena  marina  Eeakirt,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  87;  Godman  and  Salvin, 

1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:106 ;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  272. 

Leptotes  Tnarina,  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:820;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  177. 

Localities :  Ensenada,  July  5, 1905 ;  Cedros  Island,  March  18, 1939,  July  14, 
1938;  Asuncion  Bay,  November  11, 1939;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  20, 1928, 
March  20, 1939,  November  14, 1939,  December  26, 1938  ;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March 
5, 1928 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  23, 1939  ;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7, 1928 ; 
North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Canipole,  October  2,  1941 ; 
Angeles  Bay,  June  26, 1921. 

(57)  Brephidium  exilis  (Boisduval) 

Lycaena  exilis  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10:294;  Godman  and  Salvin, 
1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:109;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  273. 
Brephidium  exilis,  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5 :820 ;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  178. 
Lycaena  fea  Edwards,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3:211. 

Localities  :  Ensenada,  July  2-5, 1905 ;  San  Martin  Island,  June  8, 1925,  July 
11,  1905,  July  25, 1937,  November  9,  1939;  San  Bartolome  Bay,  June  1, 1925 ; 
Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939; 
Magdalena  Bay,  July  17,  1938 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  20,  1928,  March 
20,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  24, 
1939,  November  16,  1939,  December  29,  1938;  San  Jose  Island,  December  23, 
1938  (Amortajada  Bay),  December  31,  1938  (north  end  of  island)  ;  Puerto 
Escondido,  June  14,  1921;  Salinas  Bay,  Carmen  Island,  June  18,  1921;  San 
Marte  Bay,  December  20,  1938 ;  Santa  Inez  Island,  May  13,  1921 ;  San  Fran- 
cisquito  Bay,  May  10, 1921 ;  Isla  Baza,  April  21, 1921. 

This  species  has  also  been  found  along  the  coast  of  Sonora. 


304     .  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4tii  Ser. 

(58)  Hemiargus  gyas  (Edwards) 

Lycaena  gyas  Edwards,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3:210j  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly 

Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  271. 
Hemiargus  gyas,  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:819;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  181. 
Lycaena  astragala  Wright,  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  232. 

Localities :  Ensenada,  July  2-5, 1905  ;  Cedros  Island,  June  4, 1925,  July  17, 
1938,  July  27,  1937,  November  10,  1939;  San  Bartolome  Bay,  June  2,  1925; 
Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939 ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February  25,  1928, 
November  12, 1939;  Magdalena  Bay,  May  30, 1925  ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3, 
1928,  March  20,  1939,  May  28,  1925,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938; 
Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  23, 1939,  November 
16,  1939;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928,  December  30,  1938  (Ballina 
Bay)  ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938;  Puerto  Escondido, 
January  1,  1939 ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2,  1939 ;  Carmen  Island,  May  15, 
1921  (Agua  Grande),  May  23, 1921  (Marquer  Bay) ;  San  Marte  Bay,  Decem- 
ber 20, 1938 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  June  18, 1921 ;  San  Francisquito 
Bay,  May  10, 1921 ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  May  8, 1921;  Angeles  Bay,  May  7, 1921. 

This  common  species  was  also  abundant  in  the  coastal  region  of  the  state 

(59)  Hemiargus  isola  (Reakirt) 

Lycaena  isola  Eeakirt,  1866,  Proe.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  p.  332 ;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1887, 

Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:104,-  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  271. 
Hemiargus  isola,  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:819;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  181. 
Lampicles  zachaeina  Butler  and  Druce,  1870,  Cist.  Ent.,  1 :  104. 
Lycaena  alee  Edwards,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  3:272. 

Localities :  Ensenada,  July  2-5, 1905 ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  May  8, 1921. 

(60)  Everes  amyntula  (Boisduval) 

Lycaena  amyntula  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10:294;  Holland,  1931,  But- 
terfly Book,  rev.  ed,,  p.  269. 
Everes  amyntula,  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:818;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  182. 

Locality :  Hamilton  Ranch,  May,  1929  (Henne) . 

(61)  Plebeius  acmon  (Westwood  and  Hewitson) 

Lycaena  acmon  Westwood  and  Hewitson,  1852,  Gen.  Diurn.  Lep,,  p.  294;  Godman  and 
Salvin,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:103;  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:817;  Hol- 
land, 1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  264. 

Plehejus  acmon,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  188. 

Lycaena  antaegon  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (2),  10:295. 

Locality :  Ensenada,  July  5, 1905. 

(62)  Philotes  battoides  (Behr) 

Lycaena  hattoides  Behr,  1867,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  3:282;  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep., 

5:816;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  265. 
Philotes  battoides,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  191. 

The  Mexican  specimens,  especially  the  ones  from  Cedros  Island,  are  of  quite 


Vol.  XXIV]      EINDGE:  JRHOPALOCERA   OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  305 

a  different  appearance  beneath  than  typical  haiioides,  and  may  constitute  a 
new  geographical  race  of  that  species. 

Localities:  Johnson  Ranch  (ten  miles  north  Hamilton  Ranch),  May,  1929 
(Henne)  ;  Cedros  Island,  March  18, 1938. 

(63)  Lycaenopsis  pseudargiolus  echo  (Edwards) 

Lycaena  pseudargiolus  echo  Edwards,  1864,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  2:506;  Holland,  1931, 

Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  256. 
Lycaenopsis  pseudargiolus  echo,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  200. 

Locality:  Cedros  Island,  March  18,  1939,  July  14,  1937,  July  17,  1938, 
November  10, 1939. 

HESPERIIDAE 

Ptrginae 
(64)  Urbanus  proteus  (Linnaeus) 

Papilio  proteus  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed.,  1:484. 

Eudamus  protem,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1893,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:277;  Seitz,  1921, 

Macrolep.,  5:853;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  331. 
Goniurns  proteus,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  204. 
Thymele  domingo  Scudder,  1872,  Kept.  Peabody  Acad.  Sci.,  p.  69. 

Localities :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March 
3,  19,  1928,  March  21,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  Los 
Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938 ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  7, 1928  ;  San  Marte  Bay, 
December  20, 1938. 

This  species  was  also  found  along  the  coast  line  of  Sonora. 

(65)  Urbanus  dorantes  (Stoll) 

Papilio  dorantes  Stoll,  1791,  Suppl.  Pap.  Exot.,  p.  172. 

Eudamus  dorantes,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1893,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:278;  Seitz, 

1921,  Macrolep.,  5:853;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  331. 
Eudamus  ami-sus  Hewitson,  1867,  Descr.  Hesp.,  p.  5. 

Eudamus  protillus  Herrich-Schaeffer,  1869,  Corresp.  blatt  Regensb.,  23:171. 
Goniurus  I'efersteinii  Ploetz,  1880,  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc,  55:11. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  3,  20,  1928,  November  13, 1939,  Decem- 
ber 24,  1938;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938;  Muertos  Bay,  November 
16,  1939 ;  BaUina  Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  December  30,  1938 ;  Puerto 
Escondido,  January  1, 1939  ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 

(66)  Chioides  albofasciatus  (Hewitson) 

Eudamus  albofasciatus  Hewitson,  1867,  Descr.  Hesp.,  p.  3;  Godman  and  Salvin,  1893, 
Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:280;  Seitz,  1921,  Macrolep.,  5:855;  Holland,  1931, 
Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  332. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  5,  1928,  November  13,  1939,  December 
24, 1938;  El  Tule  Kanch,  March  4, 1928 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938  ; 
North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31, 1938  ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 


306  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(67)  Heteropia  cyda  Godman  and  Salvin 

Eeteropia  cyda  Godman  and  Salvin,  1901,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:734: ;  Seitz,  1917, 
Macrolep.,  5:859. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13, 1939. 

(68)  Pyrg'us  philetas  Edwards 

Pyrgus  philetas  Edwards,  1881,  Pap.,  1 :46. 

Eesperia  pJiiletas,  Seitz,  1923,  Macrolep.,  5:918;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed., 
p.  342. 

Localities:  Big  Canyon,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  13,  1941;  Miraflores,  July 
10, 1938 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  14, 1939,  December  25, 1938 ;  Los  Frailes 
Bay,  December  28, 1938. 

(69)  Pyrgus  communis  albescens  Ploetz 

Pyrgvs  albescens  Ploetz,  1884,  Mitth.  Nat.  Ver.  Vorpomm.,  15:4. 

Pyrgus  adjutrix  Ploetz,  1884,  Mitth,  Nat.  Ver.  Vorpomm.,  15 :15. 

Pyrgus  varus  Ploetz,  1884,  Mitth.  Nat.  Ver.  Vorpomm.,  15:20. 

Eesperia  montivaga  Godman  and  Salvin,  1899,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:450. 

Pyrgus  occidentalis  Skinner,  1906,  Ent.  News,  17:96. 

Eesperia  montivaga  occidentalis,  Seitz,  1923,  Macrolep.,  5 :919. 

Urhanus  tessellata  occidentalis,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  207. 

Eesperia  communis  occidentalis,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  342. 

Localities :  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  12, 1941 ;  Cape  San  Lucas, 
March  21,  1939 ;  Puerto  Escondiclo,  January  1,  1939 ;  Angeles  Bay,  May  5, 
1921,  June  26, 1921,  July  25, 1921. 

This  species  also  inhabits  the  Gulf  coast  of  Sonora. 

(70)  Pyrgus  domicella  (Erichson) 

Syriclitus  domicella  Erichson,  1848,  Schomb.  Eeise,  3:604. 

Eeliopetes  domicella,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1881,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:444;  Seitz, 

1923,  Macrolep.,  5:914. 
Eesperia  domicella,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  343. 
Eesperia  nearclius  Edwards,  1882,  Pap.,  2:26. 
Pyrgus  willi  Ploetz,  1884,  Mitth.  Nat.  Ver.  Vorpomm.,  15:3. 
Pyrgus  aconita  Ploetz,  1884,  Mitth.  Nat.  Ver.  Vorpomm.,  15 :3. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  14, 1939;  North  end  San  Jose  Island, 
December  31, 1938. 

(71)  Heliopetes  laviana  (Hewitson) 

LeucocJiitonea  laviana  Hewitson,  1868,  Descr.  Hesp.,  p.  48. 

Eeliopetes  laviana,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1881,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:448;  Seitz, 

1923,  Macrolep.,  5:915. 
Eesperia  laviana,  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  343. 
Leucochitonea  pastor  Felder,  1869,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  p.  476. 
Pyrgus  leca  Butler,  1870,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  p.  510. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  22,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December 
25,  1938;  Muertos  Bay,  March  24,  1939,  November  16,  1939,  December  29, 


Vol.  XXIV]      EINDGE :  EEOPALOCEEA   OF  LOWEE  CALIFOENIA  307 

1938;  San  Pedro,  October  7, 1941 ;  Ballina  Bay,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Decem- 
ber 30,  1938 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2, 1939. 

This  species  was  also  found  along  the  Gulf  of  California  in  the  state  of 

Sonora. 

(72)  Antigonus  pulverulenta  (Felder) 

LeuGochitonea  pulverulenta  Felder,  1869,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  p.  478. 

Systacea  pulverulenta,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1895,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:413;  Seitz, 

1923,  Macrolep.,  5 :409 ;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  344. 
Antigonus  pulverulenta,  Com  stock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  210. 
Hesperia  zampa  Edwards,  1876,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  5:207. 
Tagiades  taeniatus  Ploetz,  1884,  Jalirb.  nass.  Ver.,  37 :41. 

Localities :  Cape  San  Lucas,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  Los 
Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938  ;  Muertos  Bay,  March  23,  1939,  November  16, 
1939,  December  29,  1938;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938; 
Puerto  Escondido,  January  1, 1939  ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 

This  skipper  was  found  in  the  state  of  Sonora,  both  along  the  coast  and 

inland. 

(73)  Pholisoralibya  (Scudder) 

Heteropterus  lihya  Scudder,  1878,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  4:258. 

Pholisora  lihya,  Seitz,  1923,  Macrolep.,  5:913;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  211; 
Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.  p.  345. 

Localities:  Angeles  Bay,  June  26,  1921,  July  25,  1921;  Puerto  Refugio, 
Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island,  June  29, 1921. 

(74)  Chiomara  asychis  (Cramer) 

Papilio  asychis  Cramer,  1782,  Papillons  Exot.,  4:87. 

Chiomara  asychis,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1899,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:453  ;  Seitz,  1923, 

Macrolep.,  5 :913 ;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  348. 
Pyrgus  georgina  Eeakirt,  1868,  Proe.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  20 :88. 
Ephyriades  dilucida  Ploetz,  1884,  Jahrb.  nass.  Ver.,  37 : 4. 
Pyrgus  pelagica  Weeks,  1891,  Can.  Ent.,  23:126\ 

Localities :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March 
3,  1928,  March  21,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938 ;  near  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  August,  1888' ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938 ;  Muertos 
Bay,  March  23,  1939,  November  16,  1939,  December  29,  1938 ;  San  Pedro, 
October  7,  1941;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  March  7,  1928,  December  30,  1938 
(Ballina  Bay)  ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938;  Pulpito  Bay, 
January  2,  1939 ;  Canipole,  October  2,  1941 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20, 
1938. 

This  common  species  was  also  found  in  the  coastal  regions  of  Sonora. 

(75)  Erynnis  funeralis  (Scudder  and  Burgess) 

Nisoniades  funeralis  Scudder  and  Burgess,  1870,  Proc.  Boston  Soc,  Nat.  Hist.,  13 : 293. 
Thanaos  funeralis,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1899,  Biol,  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:456;  Seitz,  1923, 
Macrolep.,  5:917;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  355. 


308  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Sek. 

Erynnis  funeralis,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  214. 
Helias  clericalis  Burmeister,  1878,  Descr.  Phys.  Eepublique  Argent.,  5:258. 
Nisoniades  australis  Mabille,  1883,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  27  :liv. 
Nisoniades  clitus  Wright,  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  252. 

Localities:  Ensenada,  July  3-5,  1905;  Cedros  Island,  November  10,  1939; 
Asuncion  Bay,  November  11,  1939;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939; 
Cape  San  Lucas,  November  14,  1939;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28,  1938; 
Muertos  Bay,  March  23,  1939,  November  16,  1939 ;  Espiritu  Santo  Island, 
March  7,  1928 ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  December  31,  1938 ;  Angeles  Bay, 
June  26, 1921,  July  25, 1921. 

Hesperiinae 
(76)  Copaeodes  aurantiaca  (Hewitson) 

AncyloxipJia  aurantiaca  Hewitson,  1868,  Descr.  Hesp.,  p.  45. 

Copaeodes  aurantiaca,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1900,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:473;  Seitz, 

1923,  Macrolep.,  5:928;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  216;  Holland,  1931, 

Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  368. 
Hesperia  waco  Edwards,  1868,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  2:122. 
Heteropterus  procris  Edwards,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  3 :215. 
Thymelixms  macra  Ploetz,  1884,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeitung,  45 :  284. 
ThymeUcus  singularis  Ploetz,  1884,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeitung,  45:284. 
Copaeodes  Candida  Wright,  1890,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  3:34. 
Copaeodes  nanus  W atsoi<! ,  1893,  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  London,  p.  98. 

Localities :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12,  1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March 
21,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December  24,  1938;  El  Tule  Ranch,  March  5, 
1928 ;  Los  Frailes  Bay,  December  28, 1938  ;  North  end  San  Jose  Island,  Decem- 
ber 31,  1938;  Puerto  Esconclido,  January  1,  1939;  Pulpito  Bay,  Januar>^  2, 
1939 ;  San  Marte  Bay,  December  20, 1938  ;  Melege,  May  15, 1921. 

(77)  Hylephila  phylaeus  (Drury) 

Papilio  phylaeus  Drury,  1770,  Illustr.  Exot.  Ent.,  1 :25. 

Hylephila  phylaeus,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1900,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Rhop.,  2:476;  Seitz, 

1923,  Macrolep.,  5:928;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  220;  Holland,  1931, 

Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  377. 
Papilio  colon  Fabricius,  1775,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  531. 
Papilio  phareus  Panzer,  1875,  Diurn.  Abbild.,  p.  59. 

Phemiades  augias  Hubner,  1819-1821,  Zutr.  Samml.  Exot.  Sclimett.,  2:pl.  40. 
Hesperia  carin  Hubner,  1823,  Zutr.  Samml.  Exot.  Schmett.,  2:10. 
Pamphila  bucephalus  Stephens,  1828,  Illustr.  Brit.  Ent.,  1:102. 
Pamphila  hala  Butler,  1870,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  p.  504. 
Hesperia  ancora  Ploetz,  1883,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeitung,  44:205. 

ThymeUcus  hrettus  Holland  {non  Boisduval  and  LeConte),  1891,  Butterfly  Book,  pi.  47. 
Pamphila  brettoides  Wright  (7ion  Edwards),  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  245. 

Localities:  Ensenada,  July  2-5,  1905;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  21,  1939, 
November  13, 1939,  December  25, 1938. 

This  species  has  also  been  taken  in  the  coastal  regions  of  Sonora. 


Vol.  XXIV]      BINDGE :  BHOPALOCERA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  309 

(78)  Politessabuleti  (Boisduval) 

Hesperia  sabuleti  Boisduval,  1852,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent,  Fr.,  (2),  10 : 3 16. 

Pontes  sahuleti,  Seitz,  1923,  Macrolep.,  5:932j  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  223; 

Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.  p.  383. 
Hesperia  genoa  Ploetz,  1883,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeitung,  44:207. 

Localities:    Ensenada,    July    2-5,    1905;    Hamilton    Ranch,    May,    1929 
(Henne) ;  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February  23, 1928. 

(79)  Poanesmelane  (Edwards) 

Hesperia  melane  Edwards,  1869,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  2:312. 

Atrytone  melane,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5:938. 

Poanes  melane,  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  225;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book, 

rev.  ed.,  p.  391. 
Cobalus  vitelUna  Herrich-Schaeffer,  1869,  Corresp.-blatt.  Eegensb.,  23:199. 

Locality :  La  Laguna,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  14, 1941. 

(80)  Lerodea  arabiis  (Edwards) 

Pamphila  arahus  Edwards,  1882,  Pap.,  2:26. 

Lerodea  araljus,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5:943;  Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed., 

p.  396. 
Lerodea  dysaules  Godman  and  Salvin,  1900,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:500. 

Localities  :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12, 1939 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  Novem- 
ber 14, 1939  ;  Pulpito  Bay,  January  2, 1939. 

(81)  Lerodea  eufala  (Edwards) 

Hesperia  eufala  Edwards,  1869,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  2:311. 

Lerodea  eufala,  Godman  and  Salvin,  1900,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Ehop.,  2:500^;  Seitz,  1924, 
Macrolep.,  5:941;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  226;  Holland,  1931,  Butter- 
fly Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  396. 

Pamphila  floridae  Mabille,  1876,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  (5),  6:ix. 

Carystus  micylla  Burmeister,  1878,  Desc.  Phys.  Eep.  Argent.,  5:272. 

Cohalus  dispersus  Gundlach,  1881,  Contrib.  Ent.  Cubana,  1 :154. 

Lerodea  ol)scura  Mabille,  1904,  Gen.  Inst.,  17:131. 

Pamphila  nereus  Wright  (non  Edwards),  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  248. 

Locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  March  22,  1939,  November  13,  1939,  December 
24, 1938. 

This  species  has  been  reported  from  Guaymas  on  the  mainland\ 

(82)  Stomyles  tolteca  (Scudder) 

Amhlyscirtes  tolteca  Scudder,  1872,  Eep.  Peabody  Acad.  Sci.,  4:76. 
Stomyles  tolteca,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5 :943. 

Locality  :  Cape  S^n  Lucas,  November  13, 1939. 


310  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(83)  Panoquina  errans  (Skinner) 

Pamphila  errans  Skinner,  1892,  Ent.  News,  3:174. 

Prenes  errans,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5:949;  Comstock,  1927,  Butterflies  Calif.,  p.  227; 

Holland,  1931,  Butterfly  Book,  rev.  ed.,  p.  398.    . 
Pamphila  nereusWRiGB.T  (non  Edwards),  1905,  Butterflies  West  Coast,  p.  248. 

Localities :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  February  23,  1928 ;  Cape  San  Lucas,  March 
19,  1928,  December  25,  1938;  Muertos  Bay,  December  29,  1938;  San  Jose 
Island,  May  29,  1921  (Amortajada  Bay),  December  31,  1939  (north  end  of 
island) ;  Las  Animas  Bay,  May  28, 1921. 

Specimens  have  been  taken  north  of  Guaymas  on  the  Sonoran  coast. 

(84)  Vorates  decorus  (Herrich-Schaeffer) 

Coialus  decorus  Herrich-Schaeffer,  1869,  Prodr.  Syst.  Lep.,  3:81. 
Vorates  decorus,  Seitz,  1924,  Macrolep.,  5 :976. 

Locality :  Santa  Maria  Bay,  November  12, 1939. 


Vol.  XZ7F]       SINDGE :  BHOPALOCEEA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  311 


SELECTED  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

BOISDUVAL,  J.  A. 

1869.  Lepidopteres  de  la  Calif  ornie.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  12  : 5-94. 

COCKERELL,  T.  D.  A. 

1941.  Observations  on  plants  and  insects  in  northwestern  Baja  California,  Mexico,  with 
descriptions  of  new  bees.  Trans.  San  Diego  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  9:337-352. 

COMSTOCK,  J.  A. 

1927.  Butterflies  of  California.  334  pp.,  63  pis.  Los  Angeles,  J.  A.  Comstock. 

GoDMAN,  F.  D.,  and  O.  Salvin. 

1879-1901.  Rhopalocera;  in  Biologia  Centrali- Americana,  Insecta  Lepidoptera,  1,  2,  and  3. 

Holland,  W.  J. 

1931.  The  butterfly  book.  (Eevised  edition.)  424  pp.,  76  pis.  Garden  City,  New  York; 
Doubleday,  Doran  &  Company,  Inc. 

Klots,  a.  B. 

1928.  A  revision  of  the  genus  Eurema  Hiibner.  Ent.  Amer.  (new  series),  9:99-163;  pis. 
1-4. 

McDUNNOUGH,  J. 

1938.  Check-list  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Canada  and  the  United  States  of  America.  Mem. 
So.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  1:1-272. 

Seitz,  a. 

1924,  The  American  Rhopalocera.  The  Macrolepidoptera  of  the  world,  5:1139,  pis.  1-194. 

Weeks,  A.  G.,  Jr. 

1905.  Illustrations  of  diurnal  Lepidoptera  with  descriptions.  2  vols.,  117  pp.  45  pis. 
University  Press,  Cambridge. 

Wright,  W.  G. 

1905.  The  butterflies  of  the  West  Coast.  257  pp.,  32  pis.,  San  Bernardino,  California, 
W.  G.  Wright. 


Ijm-3,'48(A6089) 


1  Marine  Biological  LaDui 

AUG  2  4  194£ 

WOODS  HOLE,  MAS 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  g,  pp.  313-336,  pi.  12  March  12,  1948 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

No.  9 
HYMENOPTERA:  EUMENINAE 

BY 

RICHARD  M.  BOHART 

Division  of  Entomology  and  Parasitology 
University  of  California,  Davis 


KXRi  DE  Saussure  (1875)  described  the  first  solitary  Vespidae  from  Lower 
California.  He  recorded  4  species,  all  new,  sent  to  him  by  John  Xantus, 
who  collected  in  the  Cape  Region  from  1859  to  1861.  A  somewhat  more  exten- 
sive collection  was  made  by  Gustav  Eisen  in  several  expeditions  from  1888  to 
1894.  Eisen's  material  was  examined  by  W.  J.  Fox  (1893, 1894)  who  described 
3  new  species  from  it,  and  recorded  11  species  in  all,  2  of  which  had  previously 
been  recorded  by  Saussure.  A  single  species  was  collected  by  J.  R.  Slevin  in 
1919.  In  1921  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  collected  9  species,  including  at  least  4  not 
previously  recorded.  T.  Craig  added  another  species  in  1928.  A.  E.  Michel- 
bacher  and  E.  S.  Ross  collected  13  species  in  1938,  adding  at  least  8  to  the  list. 
The  present  paper  is  based  primarily  on  the  fine  collection  made  by  G.  E. 
Bohart  and  E.  S.  Ross  in  1941,  consisting  of  27  species,  11  of  which  represented 
additions  to  the  f  aunal  list. 

It  is  apparent  that  the  Eumeninae  of  Lower  California  are  as  yet  imper- 
fectly known.  A  total  of  only  36  species  and  subspecies  has  been  authorita- 
tively recorded,  a  far  smaller  number  than  is  known  to  occur  in  adjacent  areas 
of  similar  size.  Further  collecting,  particularly  in  the  northern  half  of  the 
peninsula,  should  augment  the  list  considerably.  Although  most  of  the  com- 

[313] 


314  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

moner  North  American  genera  are  included,  Ancistrocerus  and  Symmorphus 
are  conspicuous  by  their  absence.  Minor  genera  not  represented  are  Dolicho- 
dynerus,  Montezumia,  Pseudodyneriis,  and  Leptochiloides,  and  these  very 
likely  will  be  found  eventually. 

Of  the  36  species  and  subspecies,  9  are  known  only  from  Lower  California ; 
18  are  known  to  occur  also  in  the  area  comprising  roughly  southern  California, 
Arizona,  New  Mexico,  western  Texas,  and  northern  Mexico ;  7  occur  over  much 
of  the  western  United  States,  and  2  are  found  over  most  of  the  United  States 
and  Mexico. 

The  prevailing  fineness  of  puncturation  is  a  remarkable  structural  peculi- 
arity which  distinguishes  most  Lower  Calif ornian  Eumeninae.  This  circum- 
stance is  emphasized  by  the  11  species  which  are  apparently  endemic.  These 
11  species  are  distributed  over  10  genera,  yet  10  of  the  11  have  much  finer  punc- 
turation than  their  close  relatives  in  other  parts  of  North  America.  Because  of 
the  divergent  ancestry  involved,  this  phenomenon  must  be  laid  to  environ- 
mental conditions.  A  slight  tendency  in  the  same  direction  has  been  noted  in 
species  from  Mexico  proper  and  from  Central  America,  particularly  in  the 
genus  Eumenes.  However,  many  species  from  these  regions  are  more  coarsely 
punctured  than  their  more  northerl}^  relatives. 

Records  of  Xantus  and  Eisen  have  been  taken  from  the  literature,  those  of 
Slevin,  Van  Duzee,  Craig,  Michelbacher-Ross,  and  Ross-G.  Bohart  are  new. 
Holotypes  and  allotypes  of  the  new  species  have  been  deposited  in  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences.  Paratypes  have  been  distributed  as  indicated 
under  each  species. 

(1)  Eumenes  iturbide  pedalis  Fox 

Eumenes  pedalis  Fox,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2),  4:109. 
Eumenes  crassicornis  Isely,  1917.  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.  10:362. 
Eumenes  pachygaster  Isely,  1917.  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.  10 :362. 
Eumenes  crassicornis  of  Bequaert,  1944.  Nat.  Canad.  71 :89. 

The  type  series  described  by  Fox  contained  2  species,  the  other  being  E. 
verticalis  tricinctus  Isely.  However,  the  original  description  clearly  indicated 
an  iturhide-like  form.  Specimens  of  both  sexes  in  the  Academy  of  Natural 
Sciences  at  Philadelphia  are  apparently  the  true  types  although  they  are 
labeled  El  Astarte  instead  of  El  Taste  as  originally  given.  The  humped  second 
tergite  and  all  dark  antennae  characterize  the  species.  This  subspecies  has  the 
second  tergite  yellow-spotted. 

Lectotype  (by  present  designation),  male.  El  Astarte  (^El  Taste),  Lowe? 
California,  4200  ft.  (G.  Eisen) ,  A.N.S.P. 

Distribution :  British  Columbia,  Montana,  "Wyoming,  Idaho,  Washington, 
Oregon,  Utah,  California  and  Lower  California.  The  typical  subspecies  occurs 
in  Colorado,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Mexico. 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOH  ART :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  315 

(2)  Eumenes  verticalis  tricinctus  Isely 

Eumenes  tricinctus  Isely,  1917.  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.  10 :  361. 

This  species  has  the  male  antennal  hook  thin  and  with  fine  hair  beneath.  The 
fine  puncturation  and  extensive  j^ellow  markings  define  the  race  tricinctus. 

Type  locality :  "Oregon." 

Distribution  :  Alberta,  Idaho,  Oregon,  Utah,  Arizona  and  Lower  California 
(El  Taste,  collected  by  G.  Eisen). 

(3)  Eumenes  bollii  Cresson 
Eumenes  hollii  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  4:232  (type,  A.N.S.P.). 

This  species  is  distinguished  by  the  fine  puncturation  of  the  first  tergite, 
the  red  and  yellow  coloration,  and  the  abundant  abdominal  pubescence. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Distribution:  United  States  (common  and  widespread).  Lower  Califor- 
nia: 10  mi.  S.  Catavina  (Michelbacher  and  Ross),  Coyote  Cove  (Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross)  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart),  10  mi.  E.  San  Ignacio  (Ross  and 
G.  Bohart). 

(4)  Eumenes  aureus  Isely 

Eumenes  helfragei  aureus  Isely,  1917.  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.  10 :  352  (type,  U.S.N.M.). 

This  species  is  characterized  by  the  coarse,  even  punctuation,  the  rather 
slender  second  abdominal  segment,  the  short  antennal  hook  in  the  male,  and 
the  extensive  red  and  yellow  markings.  It  has  been  confused  with  the  some- 
what darker  E.  smithii  helfragei  Cresson,  but  the  latter  has  a  hook-like  projec- 
tion beneath  the  tip  of  the  aedeagus.  The  only  Lower  Calif  ornian  specimen  I 
have  seen  is  almost  entirely  red  and  yellow  with  the  scutum  entirely  red. 

Type  locality :  Brewster  Co.,  Texas. 

Distribution:  One  male,  Mexicali,  Lower  California,  June  20,  1938  (E.  S. 
Ross)  ;  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Mexico  (Sonora),  and  western  Texas. 

(5)  Eumenes  coyotae  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Plate  12,  figs.  1-3. 

Male :  Ferruginous,  marked  with  yellow  as  follows :  lower  part  of  face  in- 
cluding orbits  and  clypeus  (reddish  in  some  paratypes),  scape  in  front,  post- 
ocular  line,  front  margin  of  prothorax,  mesopleural  spot,  front  margin  of 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  legs  partly,  subapical  bands  on  abdominal  segments, 
that  on  second  tergite  %  as  long  as  tergirte  at  middle.  Wings  reddish  stained. 
Antenna  subapically,  upper  part  of  face  and  vertex,  margins  of  mesonotum, 
spot  beneath  tegula,  small  basal  marks  on  first  two  abdominal  segments,  line 
down  center  of  first  tergite,  blackish.  Puncturation  of  head  and  thorax  mod- 
erate ;  clypeus  and  abdomen  practically  impunctured,  except  for  posterior 
half  of  second  tergite  which  is  moderately  coarse.  Pubescence  short,  pale,  and 


316  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See, 

appressed;  that  of  abdomen  minute  and  imparting  a  "dnsty"  appearance. 
Clypeus  half  again  as  long  as  broad,  angularly  incised  at  apex.  Last  antennal 
segment  flattened,  sharply  pointed,  reaching  to  base  of  eleventh  segment. 
Second  abdominal  segment  about  as  broad  as  high,  second  tergite  evenly  con- 
vex in  lateral  view.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  12  mm. 

Holotijpe,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5378) ,  and  5  male  paratypes,  Coyote  Cove,  Con- 
cepcion  Bay,  Lower  California,  Oct.  1,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  4  male 
paratypes,  same  locality  as  holotype,  June  29, 1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross)  ; 
1  male  paratype,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Lower  California,  June  9, 1921  (E.  P. 
Van  Duzee).  Paratypes  in  the  collections  of  U.  S.  National  Museum,  J.  Be- 
quaert,  and  the  writer. 

This  species  is  very  similar  to  E.  aureus  Isely  from  which  coyotae  appears 
to  differ  only  by  its  much  finer  clypeal  and  abdominal  puncturation,  and  by 
its  sparser,  finer,  and  more  appressed  pubescence.  The  only  other  North  Amer- 
ican species  which  has  the  first  tergite  almost  smooth  is  hollii  Cresson.  How- 
ever, the  latter  has  a  more  convex  second  tergite  and  abundant  erect  hair  on 

the  abdomen. 

Genus  Pacnymenes  Saussure 

Only  one  species,  P.  symmorphus,  and  its  subspecies  have  previously  been 
known  from  North  America.  Specimens  from  La  Paz,  Lower  California, 
appear  to  be  a  new  species,  described  below.  Both  species  have  6  segmented 
maxillary  palpi  and  4  segmented  labial  palpi.  The  first  abdominal  segment  is 
hardly  half  as  broad  as  the  second,  a  characteristic  of  the  subgenus  Paranor- 
tonia  Bertoni.  For  a  discussion  of  the  genus  see  Bequaert  (1940) . 

(6)  Pachymenes  impunctatus  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male :  Largely  reddish,  mottled  with  black.  Clypeus,  base  of  antenna  and 
flagellum  beneath,  interantennal  spot,  ocular  margins,  ocellar  spots,  post- 
ocular  spots,  pronotum  and  most  of  rest  of  thorax  except  mesonotum,  legs, 
abdomen  except  at  bases  of  first  two  segments,  reddish.  Wings  stained  with 
reddish.  Puncturation  very  sparse  and  fine  over  entire  body,  which  is  prac- 
tically impunctate.  Pubescence  abundant,  erect,  and  particularly  thick  on 
sides  of  thorax  and  abdomen ;  length  of  that  on  first  tergite  about  2  ocellus 
diameters.  Clypeus  roughly  hexagonal,  apex  nearly  straight  except  for  minute 
lateral  teeth,  apex  slightly  wider  than  length  of  fourth  antennal  segment. 
Mandible  stout.  Head  somewhat  swollen  behind  ocelli.  Antennal  hook  large, 
reaching  beyond  base  of  eleventh  segment,  last  segment  nearly  cylindrical  and 
rounded  apically.  Humeral  and  propodeal  angles  broadly  rounded.  Second 
and  third  tergites  with  slightly  reflexed  apical  translucent  lamellae.  Length 
to  apex  of  second  tergite  11.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5379),  and  1  male  paratype,  10  mi.  N.  W.  La 
Paz,  Lower  California,  Oct.  6,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart).  Paratype  in  the 
writer's  collection. 

In  coloration  and  general  structure  this  species  resembles  P.  symmorpJius 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOHAET :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  317 

toltecus  Saussure,  which  has,  however,  yellow  face  markings  in  the  male,  and 
a  distinctly  punctured  head  and  thorax. 

(7)  Monobia  calif ornica  Saussure 

Monobia  calif  ornica  Saussure,  1875,  Smithsonian  Misc.  coll.,  254:129. 

This  species  is  unknown  to  me,  but  according  to  the  detailed  original  de- 
scription of  both  sexes,  it  resembles  M.  texana  (Cresson)  except  that  the  body 
is  "smooth,  satin-like,  with  glaucous  reflections."  It  is  known  only  from  the 
type  locality. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California  (J.  Xantus). 

(8)  Pterocheilus  (Onchopterocheilus)  pimorum  (Viereck) 

Odynerus  pimorum  Viereck,  1908,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  33 : 405  (type,  U.  K.). 
Pterocheilus  pimorum  of  E.  Bohart,  1940,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  33 :  197. 

The  extensive  yellow  markings,  reduced  puncturation,  large  shining  yellow 
clypeus,  five-toothed  mandibles  in  the  female,  and  antennal  hook  in  the  male 
make  this  an  easily  recognized  species.  The  pendulous  labial  palpi  of  the 
female  are  a  clear  bright  yellow. 

Type  locality :  Bill  Williams  Fork,  Arizona. 

Distribution  :  one  female,  San  Felipe,  Lower  California,  June  8, 1938  (E.  S. 
Ross)  ;  Arizona;  southern  California. 

(9)  Pterocheilus  (Onchopterocheilus)  laticeps  Cresson 

Pterochihis  laticeps  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  4:244  (type,  A.N.S.P.). 
Pterooheilus  laticeps  of  E.  Bohart,  1940,  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  33 :  191. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Distribution:  Texas;  Arizona;  Owens  Valley  and  Coachella  Valley,  Cali- 
fornia ;  Pescadero,  Lower  California  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart) . 

(IQ)  Pterocheilus  (Megapterocheilus)  peninsularis  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male:  Mostly  reddish;  clypeus,  inter  antennal  spot,  inferior  orbits,  post- 
ocular  line,  postscutellum  partly,  apical  margins  of  first  six  abdominal  seg- 
ments, yellowish;  most  of  face  and  vertex,  antenna  toward  apex,  thorax 
sparingly,  first  four  tergites  and  first  two  sternites  at  base,  black.  Puncturation 
moderate  on  head ;  punctures  of  clypeus  and  thorax  distinct  but  well  spaced, 
first  two  tergites  punctured  at  apex  only,  first  sparingly,  second  densely; 
terg-ites  3  and  4  coarsely  punctured,  remaining  tergites  and  venter  sparsely 
punctured.  Pubescence  golden,  thick,  short,  erect,  less  than  an  ocellus  length 
except  on  front ;  clypeus  longer  than  broad,  apex  narrowly  but  not  deeply 
incised ;  antenna  13-segTiiented,  last  segment  flattened,  curved,  and  longer  than 
twelfth  segment ;  middle  femur  flattened  basally  but  not  channeled  or  angled ; 
lateral  angle  of  propodeum  rounded ;  second  tergite  as  viewed  from  above 
about  half  again  as  broad  as  long.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  13  mm. 


318  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5380),  Pescadero,  Lower  California,  Oct.  8, 
1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart) . 

This  species  runs  between  arizonicus  Bohart  and  linsleyi  Bohart  in  my  key 
(Bohart,  1940a).  It  differs  from  the  former  in  having  the  second  tergite 
densely  punctured  apically.  In  most  respects  it  is  very  close  to  linsleyi.  The 
more  restricted  punctured  zone  of  the  second  tergite,  the  narrower  clypeus, 
and  particularly  the  weak  and  narrow  apical  incision  of  the  clypeus  of  penin- 
sularis  are  sufficient  for  separation.  Also,  peninsular  is  has  the  middle  femur 
flattened  toward  the  base  instead  of  shallowly  excavated  as  in  linsleyi. 

(11)  Rygchium  dorsale  (Fabricius) 

Vespa  dorsalis  Fabricius,  1775,  Syst.  Entom.,  p.  367. 
Rhygchium  ialteatum  Say,  1837,  Bost.  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  1:384. 
Ehygcliium  louisianum  Saussure,  1853,  Et.  Fam.  Vespidae,  1 :106. 
MonoMa  sylvaiica  Saussure,  1855,  Et.  Fam.  Vespidae,  3 :171. 
Odynerus  itur'bide  Saussure,  1857,  Hev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  9 :276. 
Bhynchium  dorsale  of  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  4:233. 
Odynerus  designatus  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  4:235. 
Odynerus  dorsalis  of  Bequaert,  1940,  Canad.  Ent.,  62  :  52. 

This  is  the  largest  eumenine  wasp  known  from  Lower  California.  The  speci- 
mens I  have  seen  have  had  the  second  tergite  subreflexed  and  would  fall  under 
the  name  iturhide  if  that  should  be  resurrected  as  a  subspecies. 

Type  locality :  America. 

Distribution :  Lower  California  :  El  Taste,  September  (G.  Eisen) ;  Big  Can- 
yon, Sierra  Laguna,  Oct.  13, 1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart) .  I  have  seen  specimens 
also  from  various  parts  of  Canada,  United  States,  and  Mexico  including 
Oaxaca,  Cuernavaca,  and  Guadalajara. 

(12)  Rygchium guerrero  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  guerrero  Saussure,  1857,  Eev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)9 : 227. 
Odynerus  guerreri  Saussure,  1875,  Smithsonian  Misc.  Coll.,  254:294. 

This  species  resembles  annulatum  but  guerrero  is  covered  with  a  thick  pile 
and  has  distinct  interocellar  tubercles. 

Type  locality :  Temperate  Mexico. 

Distribution  :  Lower  California :  10  mi.  E.  San  Ignacio,  Sept.  30, 1941  (Ross 
and  G.  Bohart).  Other  localities:  Mextitlan,  Mechoacan,  Cuautta,  Mexico; 
Arizona ;  New  Mexico ;  Texas  (western) . 

(13)  Rygchium  digiticornis  R.  Bohart 

Odynerus  canaliculatus  Viereck,  1908,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  33:392  (nee.  0.  canaliculatus 

Saussure,  1855)  (type,  U.K.). 
Bygchium  digiticornis  E.  Bohart,  1945  (new  name),  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  47:49. 

R.  digiticornis  has  many  of  the  characters  of  R.  dorsale  (Fabr.)  and  R. 
fusum  (Cr.).  The  terminal  antennal  segment  in  the  male  is  long  and  finger- 
like as  in  the  other  two  species.  The  second  tergite  is  strongly  reflexed  as  in 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOEABT :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  319 

fusum  and  the  clypeus  is  finely  punctured  as  in  dor  sale.  Dia^ostic  of  digiti- 
cornis  is  the  narrow,  angularly  incised  clypeal  apex.  Only  3  specimens  are 
known  to  me,  the  holotype  male  at  the  University  of  Kansas,  the  male  specimen 
recorded  below  from  Lower  California,  and  a  female  in  my  collection  from 
Sonora,  Mexico. 

Type  locality :  Oak  Creek  Canyon,  Arizona. 

Distribution :  Oak  Creek  Canyon,  Arizona,  Aug.,  1902  (F.  H.  Snow) ;  10  mi. 
E.  San  Ignacio,  Lower  California,  Sept.  30,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  San 
Bernardo,  Sonora,  Mexico,  Oct.  9, 1935. 

(14)  Rygchimn hidalgo  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  hidalgo  Saussure,  1857,  Rev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)9:275. 
■  Odynerus  ductus  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  4:238. 
Odynerus  hidalgi  Saussure,  1875,  Smitlisoiiian  Misc.  Coll.,  254:252. 
Odynerus  hidalgo  of  Bequaert,  1937,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  13  :  10. 

R.  hidalgo  is  easily  identified  by  the  presence  of  membranous  lamellae  on  the 
apices  of  tergites  2  and  3.  Lower  Calif ornian  specimens  are  extensively  red- 
dish and  belong  to  the  typical  subspecies. 

Type  locality :  Warm  parts  of  Mexico. 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  Triunf o,  July  7,  1938,  and  Coyote  Cove, 
June  29,  1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross).  United  States :  widespread.  Mexico : 
Cuautta,  Cuernavaca,  Tamaulipas,  Chihuahua,  Durango,  Mexico  City,  Guad- 
alajara. 

(15)  Rygchiumpratense  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  pratensis  Saussure,  1870,  Rev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)22 :61. 
Odynerus  cluMnus  Cresson,  1872,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  4:234. 

The  perfectly  smooth  first  and  second  tergite,  except  for  an  apical  punc- 
tured band  on  the  second  tergite,  are  characteristic  of  this  medium  large,  red 
and  yellow  species. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

Distribution  :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas  (J.  Xantus) ;  10  mi.  N.W. 
La  Paz,  Oct.  6,  1941,  and  Coyote  Cove,  Oct.  1,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart). 
United  States :  Texas,  Kansas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Nevada,  Utah,  Cali- 
fornia, Oregon,  Idaho,  Washington  (specimens  from  the  last  three  states  fall 
in  the  subspecies  'brumale  Bequaert) . 

(16)  Rygchiumannulatum  (Say) 

Odynerus  annulatus  Sat,  1824,  Keating's  Narrat.  Exped.  II.  App.,  p.  348. 
Rhynchium  annulatum  of  Say,  1937,  Bost.  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  1 :384. 
Odynerus  tairdi  Saussure,  1858,  Eev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)10 :  169. 

Specimens  from  Lower  California  of  this  common  and  widespread  species 
are  predominantly  red  and  yellow  but  with  some  black  on  the  mesonotum. 
They  have  the  clypeus  broader  than  in  t^^pical  amndaUim  and  probably  should 
be  referred  to  the  subspecies  evectiim  (Cr.) . 


320  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Pkoc.  4th  Ser. 

Type  locality :  United  States. 

Distribution  :  Lower  California :  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  Oct.  12, 1941 ; 
San  Pedro,  Oct.  7,  1941 ;  Coyote  Cove,  Oct.  1,  1941  (all  collected  by  Ross  and 
G.  Bohart).  The  species  is  distributed  widel}^  over  North  America  and  north- 
ern Mexico.  Specimens  with  a  broad  clypeus  are  restricted  mainly  to  the 
southern  parts  of  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  Texas ;  Sonora,  Mex- 
ico ;  and  Lower  California. 

(17)  Rygchium  boscii  azotopum  (R.  Bohart) 

Odynerus  hoscii  azotopus  E.  Bohart,  1939,  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  34:248   (holotype 

C.A.S.). 

Characteristic  of  this  subspecies  is  the  almost  entirely  yellow  and  pale  red- 
dish coloration,  with  very  little  black. 

Type  locality  :  5  mi.  N.  of  Indio,  California. 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  La  Paz,  June  3,  1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ; 
Pond  Island  Bay,  June  30,  1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) ;  San  Domingo,  July  19, 
1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross).  United  States  :  Arizona,  southern  California. 

(18)  Rygchium  subannulatum  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male :  Black,  with  the  following  whitish  markings :  mandible  basally, 
clypeus,  scape  in  front,  interantennal  triangular  spot,  ocular  and  small  post- 
ocular  spots,  front  margin  of  pronotum,  two  tegular  spots,  spot  beneath, 
widely  separated  spots  on  scutellum,  stripe  across  front  of  postscutellum, 
dorsolateral  spots  on  propodeum,  legs  partly,  apical  bands  on  tergites  1  to  3 
and  sternites  2  to  5,  those  on  tergite  3  and  sternites  4  and  5  discontinuous. 
Mandible  apically,  wing  veins  basally,  legs  partly,  reddish.  Pubescence  fairly 
sparse  and  inconspicuous.  Puncturation  of  head  and  dorsum  of  thorax  sparse ; 
head  almost  impunctate  but  with  distinct  but  widely  spaced  punctures ;  first 
two  tergites  almost  entirely  smooth  exGe]jt  for  subapical  depressed  band  on 
second ;  third  and  following  tergites,  and  venter  moderately  punctured.  Cly- 
peus octagonal,  almost  straight  apically;  last  antennal  segment  long,  curved, 
and  flattened;  postscutellum  rough  above,  propodeum  subdentate;  middle 
femur  slightly  constricted  toward  base ;  second  tergite  sub  apically  depressed 
but  not  apically  reflexed.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  8  mm. 

Female  :  Markings  about  as  in  male  except  as  follows  :  clypeus  with  lunate 
basal  white  spot,  scape  black,  third  and  following  sternites  entirely  black, 
third  tergite  spotted  laterally.  Puncturation  of  clypeus,  face,  and  dorsum  of 
thorax  moderate,  that  of  vertex  very  sparse  and  fine,  that  of  abdomen  as  in 
male.  Clypeal  apex  straight,  about  as  broad  as  length  of  antennal  segment  3. 
Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  9.5  mm, 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  ^?>S1),  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5382),  and 
9  female  paratypes,  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna ;  3  male  paratypes,  Pescadero ; 
1  male  paratype,  Canipole ;  1  male  paratype,  Comondu.  Above  type  material 
all  collected  by  Ross  and  G.  Bohart  in  Lower  California,  October,  1941.  Also, 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOHABT :  EVMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  321 

1  male  paratype,  San  Ignacio,  Lower  California,  June  26, 1938  (Michelbaclier 
and  Ross).  Paratypes  in  collections  of  U.  S.  National  Museum,  J.  Bequaert, 
and  the  writer. 

This  species  is  very  close  to  annulatitm  but  the  puncturation  is  entirely 
different.  In  annulatum  the  prothorax  in  the  male  and  the  basal  two-thirds  of 
the  second  tergite  are  well  punctured,  whereas  in  sub  annulatum  they  are 
nearly  impunctate.  The  black  and  white  color  pattern  is  quite  different  from 
that  of  any  known  subspecies  of  annulatum. 

(19)  Maricopodynerus  pennandibularis  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Female :  Black,  marked  with  ivory  as  follows :  irregular  transverse  spot 
across  middle  of  clypeus,  ocular  and  postocular  spots,  narrow  front  margin  of 
pronotum,  tegula  partly,  spot  beneath,  two  widely  separated  spots  on  scutel- 
lum,  stripe  across  postscutellum,  elongate  spots  on  tibiae  externally,  posterior 
margin  of  first  tergite,  subapical  and  most  of  lateral  margins  of  second  tergite 
marked  so  as  to  form  4  connected  triangular  spots.  The  following  parts  are 
tinted  with  reddish :  spots  on  mandible,  antenna  partlj^,  posterior  pronotal 
margin,  tegula,  basal  wing  veins,  legs  partly.  Wings  lightly  bro^Ti-stained. 
Puncturation  of  head  and  thorax  moderate,  punctures  of  pronotum  separated 
by  less  than  a  puncture  diameter ;  abdomen  very  sparsely  punctured,  first  two 
tergites  with  distinct  punctures  laterally  and  apically  only,  subapical  depres- 
sion at  middle  of  second  tergite  faintly  but  distinctly  punctured.  Pubescence 
fine  sparse,  inconspicuously  pollinose.  Mandible  greatly  thickened  and  bluntly 
curved  apically ;  clj^peus  much  broader  than  long,  moderately  incised  apically ; 
interantennal  carina  prominent;  propodeum  not  toothed  or  ridged;  second 
tergite  about  3  times  as  long  as  first  tergite  viewed  from  above;  apical  mem- 
brane of  second  tergite  becoming  inconspicuous  at  lateral  middle  of  tergite. 
Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  9  mm. 

Holotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5383),  Willard's  Point  Bay,  Tiburon  Island, 
Gulf  of  California,  July  3, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) . 

The  peculiar  heavy  blunt  mandibles  easily  separate  this  species  in  the 

female.  If  the  male  should  prove  to  have  simple  mandibles,  the  puncturation 

especially  in  the  subapical  depression  of  the  second  tergite  should  differentiate 

it. 

(20)  Maricopodynerus  pulvipilus  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male :  Black,  the  following  parts  yellow  ivory :  clypeus,  scape  in  front, 
ocular  and  postocular  spots,  front  margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  partly,  spot 
beneath,  two  spots  on  scutellum,  stripe  across  postscutellum,  legs  partly,  wavy 
apical  bands  on  first  two  tergites,  that  on  second  tergite  in  the  form  of  4  con- 
nected triangles.  Mandible,  antenna,  legs,  and  wing  veins  partly  reddish. 
Wings  lightly  brown-stained.  Puncturation  of  head  and  thorax  moderate, 
punctures  of  pronotum  mostly  separated  by  puncture  diameters  or  more,  first 
two  tergites  practically  impunctured  except  laterally,  subapical  depression 
at  middle  of  second  tergite  with  microscopic  punctures  only.  Clypeus  and 


322  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

sides  of  thorax  somewhat  silvered,  abdomen  covered  with  a  dustlike  pubes- 
cence. Clypeus  moderately  incised  apically;  antennal  hook  slender  and 
pointed,  reaching  to  base  of  eleventh  segment.  Apical  membrane  of  second 
tergite  gradually  becoming  inconspicuous  at  lateral  middle.  Second  tergite 
about  3  times  as  long  as  first  tergite  viewed  from  above.  Length  to  apex  of 
second  tergite  7  mm. 

Female :  Similar  to  male.  Clypeus  black  with  small  lateral  yellow  spots, 
scape  reddish  and  black,  legs  mostly  red,  first  tergite  faintly  reddish  at  base. 
Mandible  slender  and  sharply  pointed  apically.  Length  to  apex  of  second 
tergite  8  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5384:),  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5385),  and 
1  male  paratype,  Tortuga  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  May  11, 1921  (E.  P.  Van 
Duzee) .  Two  female  paratypes,  San  Francisquito  Bay,  Lower  California,  June 
23, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) ;  1  female  paratype,  15  mi.  N.  San  Ignacio,  Lower 
California  (Koss  and  G.  Bohart).  Paratypes  in  the  collections  of  J.  Bequaert 
and  the  writer. 

The  scanty  puncturation  and  "dusty"  pubescence  of  the  abdomen  distin- 
guish this  species  from  maricoporum  ( Viereck) .  The  simple  female  mandibles 
and  somewhat  finer  puncturation  separate  it  from  permandihularis  R.  Bohart. 

(21)  Odynerus  erythrogaster  R.  Bohart 

Monohia  hicolor  Provancher,  1888,  Add.  Faune  Hymen.,  Canada  Suppl.  p.  429    (nee 

Odynerus  hicolor  Saussure,  1856)  (type,  U.S.N.M.). 
Odynerus  erytlirogaster  R.  Bohar,t,  1939  (new  name),  Pan-Pac.  Ent.  15:81. 

The  prominent  humeral  angles  together  with  the  peculiar  deep  red  and  jet 
black  markings  of  erytJirog aster  are  diagnostic. 

Type  locality :  Los  Angeles  Co.,  California. 

Distribution :  one  female,  San  Vicente,  Lower  California,  May  11, 1938  ( W. 

E.  Simonds)  ;  California  (Inyo,  Yolo,  Fresno,  Los  Angeles,  and  Riverside 

counties ) . 

Genus  Alastoroides 

Only  two  species  of  this  genus  have  been  seen  by  the  writer.  The  generic 
characters  are  the  petiolate  second  submarginal  cell  of  the  f  orewing,  the  trans- 
verse carina  on  the  first  tergite,  the  oblique  carina  connecting  the  humeral 
angle  with  the  mesothorax  (as  in  Pachodynerus) ,  the  flattened  second  sternite, 
the  relatively  long  posterior  processes  of  the  tegulae,  and  the  roundly  hollowed 
propodeal  concavity  limited  above  by  a  sharp  carina  and  separated  from  the 
postscutellum  by  a  definite  horizontal  area. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Alastoroides 

Front  face  of  pronotum  coarsely  and  fairly  closely  punctured;  ocellar  triangle  placed  about 
%  the  distance  from  antennal  sockets  to  occipital  carina ;  first  tergite  crossed  by  a  sharp 
carina ;  second  tergite  with  a  broadly  impunctured  apical  margin ;  front  femur  of  male 
with  a  basal  tooth;  male  antenna  hooked  or  sharply  curled  apically  (Texas,  Mexico, 
Canal  Zone) mexicanus  Sss. 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOEART :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  323 

Front  face  of  pronotum  shining  and  sparsely  punctured ;  ocellar  triangle  about  midway  be- 
tween antennal  sockets  and  occipital  carina ;  first  tergite  crossed  by  a  dull  ridge ;  second 
tergite  moderately  punctured  toward  apical  margin ;  front  femur  of  male  "without  a 
basal  tooth;   male   antenna  merely  curved  apically    (Arizona  and  Lower  California) 

slevini  sp.  n. 

(22)  Alastoroides  slevini  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male  :  Brownish  to  black  with  the  following  whitish-ivory  markings :  basal 
%  of  clypeus,  front  margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  partly,  spot  beneath,  pos- 
terior %  of  scutelkim,  tibiae  externally,  apical  margins  of  first  three  tergites 
and  second  sternite.  Wing  veins  reddish-brown,  membrane  slightly  clouded 
dorsally.  Puncturation  of  head  and  most  of  thorax  coarse  and  close,  that  of 
front  face  of  pronotum  and  clypeus  fine  and  sparse,  that  of  propodeal  con- 
cavity and  abdomen  moderate  but  with  the  punctures  well  spaced.  Pubescence 
very  short  and  fine,  pulverulent,  clypeus  appearing  silvered  in  some  lights. 
Mandible  stout,  with  a  large  and  stout  subbasal  tooth.  Clypeus  roughly  hex- 
agonal, weakly  incised  apically.  Antenna  slightly  curved  apically  but  not 
hooked,  last  segment  stout  and  almost  half  as  long  as  twelfth.  Ocellar  triangle 
placed  midway  between  antennal  sockets  and  occipital  carina.  Humeral  angle 
sharp,  carina  along  front  of  pronotum  bending  at  humeral  angle  and  ex- 
tending obliquely'  back  to  mesopleuron.  Scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  a  hori- 
zontal propodeal  area  which  is  twice  as  long  as  postscutellum,  nearly  flat. 
Propodeal  concavity  roundly  hollowed,  limited  above  by  a  sharp  carina.  First 
tergite  with  a  very  weak  transverse  carina  at  its  summit.  Second  tergite  not 
much  broader  than  first,  weakly  depressed  apically  but  not  reflexed.  Second 
sternite  flattened  toward  the  base.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  7  mm. 

Female :  About  as  in  male  except  as  follows :  clypeus  with  two  pale  spots 
basally.  Abdominal  markings  as  in  male  (some  paratypes  with  an  apical  pale 
band  on  tergite  4) .  Mandible  stout,  5  toothed.  Leng-th  to  apex  of  second  tergite 
8.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5386),  Todos  Santos,  Lower  California,  Aug. 
18,  1919  (J.  R.  Slevin);  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5387),  20  mi.  N. 
Comondu,  Lower  California,  Oct.  3,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  3  female 
paratypes,  Baboquivari  Mts.,  Arizona,  Aug.,  1924  (0.  C.  Poling).  Paratypes 
in  writer's  collection. 

In  all  probability  the  specimens  of  "Odynerus  (Alastor)  mexicanus  Sauss." 

cited  by  Fox  (1894)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (G.  Eisen)  are  referable  to 

slevini. 

(23)  Pachodynerus  calif ornicus  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  calif ornicus  Saussure,  1870,  Rev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)22 : 57. 
Odynerus  saussureiFox,  1893,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:13* 

This  appears  to  be  the  commonest  species  of  solitary  Vespidae  in  Lower 
California  where  it  is  apparently  endemic.  In  markings  it  closely  resembles 
Rygchium  suhannulaturti  R.  Bohart,  but  the  latter  has  no  oblique  pronotal 

*  Lectotvpe  (bv  present  designation)  female,  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  California  (G.  Eisen).  type 
C.A.S.  No.'260. 


324  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

carina  characteristic  of  the  genus  Pachodynerus.  P.  calif ornicus  differs  from 
other  North  American  members  of  the  genus  in  having  no  membranous  flanges 
on  the  upper  part  of  the  propodeum. 

Type  locality:  Cape  San  Lucas  (J.  Xantus). 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Cataviiia,  Coyote  Cove, 
San  Ignacio,  La  Paz,  Comondu,  San  Augustin,  Sierra  Laguna,  Todos  Santos, 
Espiritu  Santo  Island. 

(24)  Leptochilus  congressus  (Viereck) 

Odynerus  congressus  Viereck,  1908,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  33 :405  (holotype,  U.K.). 
Odynerus  congressus  of  E.  Bohart,  1942,  Pan.  Pac.  Ent.  18 :  151. 

The  large  impunctured  ocellar  and  ocular  tubercles  are  distinctive.  Also,  the 
propodeum  has  a  sharp  upper  ridge,  and  tergites  1,  2,  4  only  are  banded 
whitish. 

Type  locality :  Congress  Junction,  Arizona. 

Distribution:  20  mi.  W.  San  Augustin,  Lower  California,  Sept.  24,  1941 
(Ross  and  G.  Bohart).  I  have  seen  specimens  also  from  mau}^  localities  in 
Arizona;  from  Imperial,  Riverside,  and  San  Bernardino  counties  in  Cali- 
fornia; and  from  Florida,  New  Mexico. 

(25)  Leptochilus  monotylus  (R.  Bohart) 

Odynerus  monotylus  E.  Bohart,  1940,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  16 :86  (holotype,  C.A.S.) 

This  is  the  only  species  knowai  from  Lower  California  which  has  a  single 
interocellar  tubercle.  Also  distinctive  are  the  ridged  postscutellum,  untoothed 
propodeum,  interantennal  tubercle,  and  black  and  yellow  markings. 

Type  locality :  Chatsworth,  New  Jersey. 

Distribution :  Big  Canyon,  Sierra  Laguna,  Lower  California,  Oct.  14,  1941 
(Ross  and  G.  Bohart).  I  have  seen  specimens  also  from  New  Jersey,  Massa- 
chussetts.  New  York,  Virginia,  North  and  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Alabama, 
Texas,  Arizona,  and  California.  The  specimen  of  "Odynerus  oxoMmes"  cited 
by  Fox  (1894)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (G.  Eisen)  was  probably  monotylus. 

(26)  Leptochilus  levinodus  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male :  Black  with  the  following  parts  ivory :  clypeus,  scape  in  front,  front 
margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  partly,  spot  beneath,  semilunate  spot  on  scutellum, 
legs  partly,  apical  margins  of  first  two  tergites  and  second  sternite.  Wings 
smoky,  venation  dark.  Pubescence  short,  fine,  silvery  on  head  and  thorax, 
pulverulent  on  abdomen,  front  well  silvered.  Puncturation  moderate  on  head, 
thorax,  second  sternite,  and  subapically  on  first  two  tergites ;  verj^  sparse  and 
fine  on  remainder  of  abdomen.  Clypeus  narrowly  and  sharply  incised  apically ; 
antennaL  hook  minute,  reaching  to  middle  of  eleventh  segment ;  interantennal 
tubercle  definite ;  humeral  angle  sharp;  postscutellum  serrately  ridged;  propo- 
deal  concavity  with  a  tooth-like  dorsolateral  ridge ;  second  tergite  not  reflexed 


Vol.  XXIV]       BOH  ART :  EVMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  325 

apically ;  second  sternite  hollowed  but  not  creased  basomedially.  Length  to 
apex  of  second  tergite  7  mm. 

Female  :  Markings  as  in  male  except  as  follows :  apex  and  two  black  central 
dots  of  clypeus  black.  Mandible  regularly  4- toothed ;  clypeus  moderately  but 
narrowly  incised  apically.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  7  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5388),  and  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5389), 
15  mi.  N.  San  Ignacio,  Lower  California,  Sept.  29, 1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart) . 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  electus  (Cresson)  and  tosquineti 
(Cameron),  but  the  almost  smooth  first  and  second  tergites  of  levinodus,  as 
well  as  the  absence  of  red  nodal  marks,  are  sufficient  for  separation. 

(27)  Leptochilus  propodealis  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Plate  12,  figs.  4-6. 

Male :  Black  with  the  following  yellow  markings :  clypeus,  scape  in  front, 
spot  on  mandible,  front  margin  of  prothorax,  tegula,  spot  beneath,  broad 
stripe  across  scutellum,  posterior  projections  of  propodeum,  legs  partly,  apical 
bands  on  first  two  tergites  and  second  sternite.  Wings  smoky,  venation  brown. 
Puncturation  close  and  moderately  coarse,  especialty  on  vertex;  swollen  apices 
of  first  two  tergites  impunctured.  Pubescence  silvery,  moderate  but  short  on 
sides  of  thorax  and  face,  scanty  above  clypeus,  obscure  elsewhere.  Clypeus 
very  narrowly  and  angularly  incised  apically,  almost  quadrate  in  shape.  Man- 
dible 4-toothed.  Antennal  hook  very  small,  reaching  to  base  of  eleventh  seg- 
ment. Ocelli  large.  Humeral  angle  sharp.  Postscutellum  sharply  and  serrately 
ridged.  Propodeal  concavity  with  a  superior  tooth-like  ridge.  First  two  ter- 
gites indented  subapically  and  slightly  swollen  apically.  Second  tergite  some- 
what broader  than  long.  Second  sternite  with  no  basal  median  crease.  Length 
to  apex  of  second  tergite  5  mm. 

Female :  Markings  about  as  in  male  except  as  follows :  clypeus  with  an 
apical  black  spot,  scape  and  mandible  black.  Clypeus  very  narrow  apically, 
and  slightly  incised.  Mandible  w^ith  a  long  indistinctly  dentate  area  between 
basal  and  apical  teeth,  making  mandible  appear  only  2  toothed.  Length  to  apex 
of  second  tergite  7.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5390),  Riverside,  California,  Apr.  21, 1927,  on 
Lotus  scoparium  (P.  H.  Timberlake)  ;  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5391), 
Riverside,  California,  Oct.  9, 1925,  on  Eriogonum  gracile  (P.  H.  Timberlake) . 
Paratypes  (all  from  California),  11  males  and  54  females.  Riverside  (P. 
H.  Timberlake)  ;  2  females,  N.  of  San  Jacinto  Cyn.,  Riverside  Co.  (C.  D. 
Michener)  ;  2  females,  Los  Angeles  Co. ;  1  male,  Gavilan  (P.  H.  Timberlake)  ; 
1  female,  Morongo  Valley,  San  Bernardino  Co.  (C.  D.  Michener)  ;  1  female, 
Claremont  (C.  F.  Baker)  ;  1  male,  Brea  (R.  M.  Bohart)  ;  1  male  and  2  females, 
San  Diego,  (P.  H.  Timberlake)  ;  1  female,  San  Diego  Co.  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee). 
Paratypes  in  collections  of  U.  S.  National  IMuseum,  University  of  Kansas, 
J.  Bequaert,  P.  H.  Timberlake,  C.  D.  Michener,  and  the  writer. 

I  have  seen  specimens  also  from  Guaymas,  Mexico,  and  the  following 

.0 


^^f.r 


'^/■i 


^ 


O 


O*- 


326  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

localities  in  Lower  California :  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  May  31, 1921  (E.  P.  Van 
Duzee)  ;  Puerto  Refugio,  May  1, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  Monserrate  Island, 
May  25, 1921  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  Concepcion  Bay,  June  17, 1921  (E.  P.  Van 
Duzee) ;  20  mi.  W.  San  Augustin,  Sept.  24,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart).  The 
species  appears  to  fly  from  April  to  October. 

L.  propodeaUs  belongs  to  a  distinct  group  of  Leptochihis  which  possess 
peculiar  female  mandibles,  sharp  humeral  angles,  no  head  tubercles,  toothed 
propodeum,  and  creaseless  second  sternite.  The  group  is  most  closely  related 
to  the  electus  group  and  males  are  sometimes  separated  with  difficulty  by  other 
than  specific  characters. 

(28)  Leptochilus  michelbacheri  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Male  :  Black  with  the  following  parts  yellow :  clypeus,  scape  in  front,  front 
margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  mostly,  spot  beneath,  crescentic  posterior  spot 
across  scutellum,  posterior  propodeal  processes,  legs  partly,  margins  of  first 
two  tergites  and  second  sternite.  Wings  smoky,  venation  dark.  Puncturation 
of  head  and  thorax  moderate  but  close;  clypeus  moderately  punctured;  first 
tergite,  base  of  second  tergite,  and  abdominal  segments  3  to  7  very  sparsely 
punctured;  second  abdominal  segment  with  the  punctures  well  spaced  but 
abundant.  Pubescence  obscure  and  short,  silvery  in  some  lights,  especially 
on  face  and  sides  of  thorax.  Clypeus  one  and  one-third  times  as  broad  as  long, 
roundly  notched  apically.  Antennal  hook  minute,  reaching  almost  to  base  of 
eleventh  segment.  Humeral  angle  moderate.  Postscutellum  serrately  ridged. 
Propodeal  concavity  with  a  tooth-like  upper  ridge.  First  tergite  with  a  sharp 
transverse  subapical  depression.  First  two  tergites  with  smooth,  slightly 
thickened  apical  margins.  Second  tergite  almost  one  and  one-half  times  as 
broad  as  long.  Second  sternite  hollowed  but  not  creased  basomedially.  Length 
to  apex  of  second  sternite  4  mm. 

Female :  Markings,  puncturation,  and  pubescence  about  as  in  male,  clypeus 
narrowly  and  slightly  incised  apically,  one  and  one-half  times  as  broad  as 
long.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5392),  and  2  male  paratypes,  Coyote  Cove, 
Lower  California,  Oct.  1, 1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  allotype,  female  (C.A.S. 
No.  5393),  10  mi.  E.  San  Ignacio,  Lower  California,  Sept.  30, 1941  (Ross  and 
G.  Bohart) ;  2  male  paratypes,  Pescadero,  Lower  California,  Oct.  8,  1941 
(Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  1  female  paratype,  5  mi.  W.  San  Bartolo,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, July  13,  1938  (Michelbacher  and  Ross).  Paratypes  in  collection  of 
writer. 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  propodeaUs  but  the  difference  in  punc- 
turation of  the  first  tergite  and  in  size  should  be  sufficient  for  separation.  Some 
of  the  paratype  males  of  michelhacheri  have  the  fourth  tergite  apically  banded. 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOHAET :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  327 

(29)  Stenodynerus  vanduzeei  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Plate  12,  figs.  9-12. 

Male :  Black  with  the  following  parts  ivory-colored :  clypeus,  mandible 
partly,  scape  in  front,  interantennal  spot,  postocular  spot,  front  margin  of 
pronotum,  tegula  partly,  spot  beneath,  postscutellum  mostly,  spot  on  lateral 
angle  of  propodeum,  legs  partly,  apical  margins  of  first  two  tergites  and 
second  sternite,  lateral  attached  spot  on  first  and  unattached  spot  on  second 
tergite.  Antenna  beneath,  mandible  at  apex,  wing  veins  basally,  tibiae  partly, 
reddish.  Wings  lightly  brown-stained.  Puncturation  in  general  moderate, 
coarse  at  apex  of  second  tergite,  and  very  coarse  on  third  sternite.  Pubescence 
very  short  and  inconspicuous,  but  appearing  pulverulent  in  certain  lights, 
especially  on  abdomen.  Clypeus  sharply  bidentate  and  moderately  incised 
apically ;  mandible  strongly  curved  toward  apex ;  antennal  hook  very  small, 
not  reaching  base  of  segment  11 ;  interocellar  area  with  a  pair  of  punctured 
tubercles;  vertex  with  a  prominent  shining  tubercle  on  either  side  of  the 
middle  and  with  low  tubercles  adjacent  to  the  eyes;  front  face  of  pronotum 
shining,  median  pair  of  pits  hardly  indicated ;  postscutellum  not  serrate ; 
propodeum  deeply  cleft  but  without  tubercles;  first  tergite  about  half  as 
long  as  second  in  dorsal  view;  no  acarinarium  present;  second  abdominal 
segment  constricted  angularly  toward  the  base  as  viewed  laterall}^;  second 
tergite  greatly  prolonged  and  reflexed  apically,  half  again  as  long  as  second 
sternite ;  second  sternite  with  no  trace  of  a  basal  median  suture.  Length  to 
apex  of  second  tergite  8  mm. 

Female :  About  as  in  male  except  as  follows :  markings  whitish  yellow, 
clypeus  with  4  yellow  spots.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  10  mm. 

Holotijpe,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5396),  allotype,  female  C.A.S.  No.  5397),  17 
male  and  7  female  paratypes,  Baboquivari  Mts.,  Arizona,  July  to  August, 
1924  (0.  C.  Poling) ;  1  male  paratype,  Huachuca  Mts.  Arizona,  July  8,  1932 
(R.  H.  Beamer)  ;  1  female  paratype,  Pinaleiio  Mts.,  Arizona,  Feb.,  1917;  1 
female  paratype,  Oracle,  Arizona,  July  27, 1924  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee) ;  1  female 
paratype,  Willow  Creek  Mts.,  New  Mexico,  Aug.  28,  1933  (H.  S.  Gentrv^  ;  3 
male  and  2  female  paratypes.  Organ  Mts.,  New  Mexico ;  1  male  and  1  female 
paratype.  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  Lower  California,  Oct.  12,  1941  (Ross 
and  G.  Bohart) ;  1  male  paratype,  Big  Canyon,  Sierra  Laguna,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, Oct.  13,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart). 

Paratypes  in  collections  of  University  of  Kansas,  U.  S.  National  IMuseum, 
J.  Bequaert,  and  the  author. 

This  unique  species  is  on  the  borderline  between  Stenodyneriis  and  Lep- 
tochiUcs.  In  most  of  its  characters  it  falls  in  the  former,  but  the  pits  of  the  front 
face  of  the  pronotum  are  barely  visible.  Provisionally  it  is  placed  in  Steno- 
dynerus.  Superficially,  it  resembles  S.  rectanguUs  (Viereck)  which  has  the 
second  tergite  similarly  drawn  out  and  reflexed.  However,  rectanguUs  has  a 
median  furrow  on  the  second  sternite,  spots  in  the  eye  emarginations,  and  no 


328  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

shining  ocular  tubercles.  There  is  also  some  resemblance  to  Leptochilus  de- 
formiceps  (R.  Bohart)  which  has  similar  vertex  tubercles  and  second  tergite. 
L.  deformiceps  differs  in  many  respects,  however,  including  the  presence  of  a 
median  furrow  on  the  second  sternite. 

(30)  Stenodynerus  microstictus  (Viereck) 

Odynerus  microstictus  Viereck,  1906,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  32 :  199  (holotype,  U.K.). 
Odynerus  gulielmi  Viereck,  1908,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  33 : 408. 
Stenodynerus  microstictus  of  E.  Bohart,  1944,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  20 :72. 

This  species  is  distinguished  by  the  shining  and  sparsely  punctured  female 
clypeus,  the  hardly  thickened  hind  margin  of  the  second  tergite,  and  by  the 
abruptly  swollen  middle  tibia  in  the  male. 

Type  locality  :  Clark  Co.,  Kansas. 

Distribution :  Texas,  Kansas,  South  Dakota,  Colorado,  New  Mexico, 
Wyoming,  Nevada,  Arizona,  California,  and  Lower  California.  Lower  Cali- 
fornia material  consists  of  1  male,  San  Domingo  (Michelbacher  and  Ross), 
and  1  female,  20  mi.  N.  Mesquital  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart). 

(31)  Stenodynerus  xanthianus  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  xanthianus  Saussure,  1870,  Eev.  and  Mag.  ZooL,  (2)22 :  103. 
Odynerus  xantianus  Saussure,  1875,  Smithsonian  Misc.  Coll.,  254:204. 
Stenodynerus  xantianus  of  E.  Bohart,  1944,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.  20  :74. 

Although  xaiithiamis  is  rare  in  California,  it  is  apparently  one  of  the  com- 
monest solitary  vespids  in  Lower  California.  It  is  related  to  microstictus  and  to 
claremontensis  but  xanthianus  is  easily  separated  from  these  by  its  finely 
punctured  thorax.  In  size  and  markings  it  resembles  S.  toltecus  (Saussure) 
which  occurs  also  in  Lower  California,  but  the  latter  possesses  an  acarinarium 
and  has  the  apex  of  the  third  tergite  unthickened. 

Type  locality:  Cape  San  Lucas  (J.  Xantus). 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  Catavina,  San  Ignacio,  Triunf o,  Coyote 
Cove,  Comondu,  San  Augustin,  Cape  San  Lucas,  and  Angeles  Bay.  Cali- 
fornia: Coachella  Valley,  Morongo  Valley,  Borego  Valley,  and  San  Jacinto 
Mts. 

(32)  Stenodynerus  lacunus  (Fox) 

Odynerus  lacunus  Fox,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2),  4:111 

This  species  belongs  to  the  group  of  Stenodynerus  which  possess  an  acari- 
narium. It  is  most  closely  related  to  austrinus  (Cresson)  which  differs  in 
having  the  legs  almost  entirely  reddish. 

Lectotype  (by  present  designation),  female,  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower 
California  (G.  Eisen),  type  C.A.S.  No.  259. 

Distribution:  Lower  California:  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  October  (G.  Eisen)  ; 
Coyote  Cove,  Oct.  1, 1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  Tiburon  Island,  July  5, 1921 
(E.  P.  Van  Duzee).  California:  Coachella  Valley,  Borego  Valley,  Imperial 
Co.  Arizona  :  Baboquivari  Mts.,  Santa  Catalina  Mts.,  Tucson,  Congress  June- 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOH  ART:  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORXIA  329 

tion,  Lowell  Ranger  Station,  New  Mexico :  Albuquerque,  Las  Cruces.  Texas : 
Brownsville,  Austin,  Rio  Grande,  Sabinal,  Knippa,  Cypress  Mills. 

(33)  Stenodynerus  toltecus  (Saussure) 

Odynerus  toltecus  Saussure,  1857,  Eev.  and  Mag.  Zool.,  (2)9:277. 
Odynerus  arizonaensis  Cameron,  1908,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  34:208. 

The  strongly  reflexed  and  subcanaliculate  second  tergite  is  characteristic 
of  this  species.  Other  salient  points  are  the  prominent  interocellar  tubercles, 
presence  of  an  acarinarium,  and  the  lightly  punctured  vertex  and  pronotum 
in  the  male. 

Type  locality  :  temperate  Mexico. 

Distribution :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  June  9,  1938  (Michelbacher 
and  Ross)  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Oct.  1,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart) ;  10  mi.  E.  San 
Ignacio,  Sept.  30,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  Pond 
Island  Bay,  Angeles  Bay,  and  San  Marcos  Island,  June,  1921  (E.  P.  Van 
Duzee).  Mexico:  Sierra  Madre  Valley,  Mextitlan,  Hermosillo,  Guaymas.  I 
have  seen  specimens  also  from  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Texas,  Utah, 
Idaho,  Washington,  and  Oregon. 

(34)  Stenodynerus  valliceps  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Plate  12,  figs.  14-17. 

Male :  Black  with  yellowish-w^hite  markings  as  follows :  clypeus,  scape  in 
front,  interantennal  spot,  lower  orbits,  postocular  spot,  large  angular  spots 
on  either  side  of  pronotum,  tegula  mostly,  spot  beneath,  mesonotal  spot,  post- 
scutellum  above,  legs  parth^,  apical  bands  on  first  five  tergites  and  sternites  2 
and  3,  those  on  tergite  2  and  sternite  2  broadly  broken  medially  (that  on 
tergite  2  complete  in  some  paratypes),  lateral  spots  on  first  two  tergites,  those 
on  first  attached  to  apical  band,  spot  on  sixth  tergite.  Antenna  fulvous  beneath 
except  for  last  2  segments.  Wing  veins  reddish  to  brown,  membrane  slightly 
clouded.  Mandible  apically  reddish.  Puncturation  of  head  and  thorax  moder- 
ate, that  of  abdomen  more  sparse,  especially  toward  bases  of  the  segments; 
clypeus  hardly  punctured.  Pubescence  obscure,  short,  fine.  Clypeus  wdth  its 
lateroapical  margin  longer  than  the  lateral  margin,  broadly  and  weakly  in- 
cised apically.  Antennal  hook  reaching  to  base  of  segment  11.  Interocellar 
area  raised  but  not  tuberculate.  Humeral  angles  moderate.  Parategular  proc- 
ess slender  and  pointed.  Propodeal  concavity  without  a  superior  shelf.  Tergite 
2  not  reflexed  apically  and  without  an  acarinarium  at  its  base.  Second  sternite 
very  faintly  creased  toward  the  base  medially.  Aedeagns  slightly  swollen 
and  hooked  medially.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  5.5  mm. 

Female :  Characters  about  as  in  male  except  as  follow^s :  mandible  white, 
black,  and  red;  clypeus  wdth  a  basal  pale  spot  only,  apical  band  on  third 
tergite  narrowly  interrupted.  Clypeus  shining,  sparsely  punctured,  lateral 
margin  short.  Vertex  with  a  V-shaped  depression  extending  about  to  middle 
of  lateral  ocelli.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  6.5  mm. 


330  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  Ser. 

Eolotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5394),  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5395),  6 
female  paratypes,  and  3  male  paratypes,  Green  River,  Wyoming,  July,  1920 
(6100  ft.).  Three  male  and  2  female  paratypes,  Jenny  Lake,  Wyoming,  July, 
1937.  Two  males  and  2  females,  Rock  Springs,  Wyoming,  June  29, 1920.  Also, 
I  have  seen  metatypes  from  the  following  localities:  Lower  California  (San 
Domingo  and  La  Paz),  California  (widespread),  Oregon  (Steen  Mts.,  Lick 
Creek,  Narrows,  Prospect,  Ontario,  and  Huntington),  Washington  (Pull- 
man), Idaho  (Giveout,  Bear  Lake,  Montpelier),  Utah  (many  localities), 
Wyoming  (Carbon  Co.,  Rawlins),  Colorado  (many  localities).  New  Mexico, 
Kansas  (Sherman  Co.,  Meade  Co.,  Lenora),  Mexico  proper  (Los  Mochis, 
Sinaloa).  Paratypes  in  collections  of  U.  S.  National  Museum,  J.  Bequaert, 
University  of  Kansas,  Oregon  State  College,  and  the  writer. 

Only  two  species  of  Stenodynerus  are  known  with  a  V-shaped  depression  on 
the  female  vertex,  smooth  male  clypeus  with  long  lateral  margins,  and  parti- 
ally fulvous  male  flagellum.  These  can  be  separated  by  the  following  key  : 

Depression  of  female  vertex  extending  about  to  middle  of  lateral  ocelli,  surface  of  the  de- 
pression very  finely  reticulate,  becoming  punctured  anteriorly;  male  antenna  with  the 
last  two  segments  dark;  aedeagus  relatively  slender valliceps 

Depression  of  female  vertex  extending  about  to  inside  edges  of  lateral  ocelli;  surface  of  de- 
pression irregularly  roughened ;  male  antenna  with  last  two  segments  fulvous  as  on  inner 
surface  of  flagellum;  aedeagus  greatly  expanded  at  middle noticeps 

(35)  Stenodynerus  noticeps  noticeps  R.  Bohart,  new  species  and  subspecies 

Male  :  Black,  marked  with  whitish  as  follows  :  mandible  except  for  reddish 
tip,  clypeus,  scape  in  front,  interantennal  spot,  lower  orbits,  postocular  spot, 
front  margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  mostly,  spot  beneath,  postscutellum  mostly, 
legs  partly,  apical  bands  on  first  five  tergites  and  sternites  3  to  5,  that  on 
tergite  3  broken  in  the  middle,  lateral  spots  on  first  two  tergites,  that  on  tergite 
1  connected  with  the  apical  band,  median  spot  on  sixth  tergite.  Wing  veins 
brown,  membrane  slightly  stained.  Antenna  fulvous  beneath  and  on  last  tAvo 
segments.  Puncturation  moderate,  becoming  finer  toward  bases  of  abdominal 
segments,  fairly  sparse  and  fine  on  clypeus.  Pubescence  obscure,  silvery. 
Clypeus  roughly  hexagonal,  apex  moderately  incised,  lateral  edge  about  as 
long  as  lateroapical  edge.  Last  antennal  segment  flattened,  apically  rounded, 
reaching  to  base  of  eleventh  segment.  Humeral  angle  weak.  Parategular 
process  slender  and  pointed.  Propodeal  concavity  without  a  superior  shelf. 
Second  tergite  without  apical  reflex  or  basal  acarinarium.  Second  sternite 
with  a  weak  median  basal  crease.  Aedeagus  greatly  expanded  at  the  middle 
when  flattened  out.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  7  mm. 

Female :  Markings  as  in  male  except  as  follows :  clypeus  with  a  basal  tri- 
angular pale  mark ;  scape  black,  antenna  mostly  black,  dark  reddish  beneath; 
orbital  and  interantennal  spots  small ;  pronotal  band  broken  medially  so  as  to 
form  2  quadrate  spots ;  mesonotal  and  propodeal  spots  present ;  apical  band 
on  third  tergite  complete,  that  on  third  sternite  incomplete,  none  on  fourth 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOH  ART :  EVMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  331 

stemite.  Clypeus  broad,  moderately  punctured.  Vertex  pit  reaching  as  far  as 
inside  edges  of  lateral  ocelli,  its  surface  roughened  and  with  scattered  large 
punctures.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  8  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5398),  Kelton,  Utah,  June  17,  1932  (G.  F. 
Knovflton) .  Allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5399),  Logan,  Utah,  April  18, 1933. 
Paratypes,  Utah :  1  male  each  from  Lampo,  Rosette,  Corinne,  and  1  female 
each  from  Roosevelt,  Lucin,  losepa  (all  collected  by  G.  F.  Knowlton)  ;  Nevada : 

1  female  from  Mt.  Montgomery  (R.  M.  Bohart),  1  female  from  Tuscarora 
(P.  H.  Baldwin) ,  and  1  female  from  Paradise  City  (P.  H.  Baldwin)  ;  Oregon : 

2  males  from  14  mi.  E.  Mtchell,  and  2  females  from  Steens  Mts.  I  have  seen 
specimens  also  from  Wyoming  (Green  River,  Jenny  Lake),  Colorado  (Lead- 
ville),  Washington  (Stratford,  Toppenish),  and  California  (Modoc  Co.). 
Paratypes  in  collections  of  Utah  State  College,  Oregon  State  College,  U.  S. 
National  Museum,  J.  Bequaert,  and  the  writer. 

A  yellow-marked  form  of  this  species  occurs  in  California  and  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. It  is  described  below. 

(36)  Stenodynerus  noticeps  clarki  R.  Bohart,  new  subspecies 

Male  :  Markings  distinctly  yellow,  wings  brown-stained.  Length  to  apex  of 
second  tergite  5.5  mm. 

Female :  Clypeus  yellow,  bordered  with  black,  and  with  2  black  dots;  scape 
yellow  in  front ;  scutellum  with  two  small  yellow  dots.  Length  to  apex  of  second 
tergite  6  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5400),  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5401), 
and  3  female  paratypes.  Bear  Valley,  Santa  Cruz  Mts.,  California,  Aug.,  1913 
(F.  C.  Clark);  4  female  paratypes,  Emeryville,  California  (G.  Bohart  and 
J.  MacSwain)  ;  2  female  paratypes,  Oakley  and  Millbrae,  California,  Sep- 
tember (E.  C.  Van  Dyke) .  I  have  seen  California  specimens  also  from  Clare- 
mont,  Coleville,  and  Fort  Seward;  and  Lower  California  specimens  from 
20  mi.  N.  Mesquital,  Sept.  27,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart).  The  three  female 
specimens  from  Lower  California  average  lighter  in  color  than  those  from 
California.  Paratypes  in  collections  of  U.  S.  National  Museum,  J.  Bequaert, 
and  the  writer. 

(37)  Stenodynerus  declivatus  R.  Bohart,  new  species 

Plate  12,  figs.  7-8. 

Male :  Black  with  the  following  light  yellowish  markings  :  clypeus,  mandible 
mostly,  scape  in  front,  interantennal  spot,  ocular  spot,  postocular  spot,  front 
margin  of  pronotum,  tegula  mostly,  spot  beneath,  parategular  process,  post- 
scutellum  mostly,  legs  partly,  apical  bands  on  first  two  tergites  and  sec- 
ond sternite.  Antenna  fulvous  beneath  except  for  last  two  segments.  Wings 
strongly  stained  with  brownish,  slightly  violaceous.  Puncturation  moderate, 
close ;  metapleural  triangular  area  between  middle  and  hind  coxa,  and  area 
at  base  of  second  tergite  distinctly  punctured;  clypeus  finely  and  sparsely 


332  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

punctured.  Pubescence  pale,  obscure.  Clypeus  moderately  but  narrowly  in- 
cised apically.  Antennal  hook  flattened  and  apically  rounded,  reaching  base 
of  segment  11.  Parategular  process  moderately  slender,  rounded  apically. 
Second  abdominal  segment  ang-ularly  bent  at  basal  third  as  seen  in  lateral 
view  so  as  to  form  a  slanting  constriction  above  and  below.  Second  sternite 
without  a  basal  median  crease.  Second  tergite  hardly  thickened  and  not  re- 
flexed  apically,  with  an  acarinarium  at  its  base.  Length  to  apex  of  second 
tergite  7  mm. 

Female :  Markings  and  structure  about  as  in  male.  Clypeus  with  a  lunate 
basal  pale  mark,  antennal  flagellum  black,  mandible  mostly  black.  Clypeus 
well  punctured,  moderately  long.  Length  to  apex  of  second  tergite  9  mm. 

Holoiype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5402),  La Laguna,  Sierra  Laguna,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, Oct.  14,  1941  (Ross  and  G.  Bohart)  ;  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No. 
5403),  Muertos  Bay,  Lower  California,  March  17,  1928  (Craig).  Faratypes, 
California :  1  male,  Coronado  Island,  Lower  California,  Aug.  21  (W.  P.  Cock- 
erell)  ;  1  female,  San  Diego  Co.,  Aug.,  1913  (E.  P.  Van  Duzee)  ;  1  female,  San 
Diego,  Aug.  7,  1935  (Jean  Russell)  ;  1  female,  Costa  Mesa,  July  20,  1938  (J. 
Shanafelt) .  Paratypes  in  collections  of  J.  Bequaert  and  the  writer. 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  perennis  Saussure,  but  the  latter  has  the 
punctures  of  the  first  tergite  much  coarser  than  those  of  the  vertex,  and  the 
clypeus  is  more  heavily  punctured,  particularly  in  the  male. 


Vol.  XXIV]        BOHABT :  EUMENINAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  333 

BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Bequaert,  J. 

1940.    MonoMa,  Montesumia,  and  Pachymenes,  Neotropical  elements  in  the  Nearetic 
fauna.  Ann.  Ent.  Soe.  Amer.,  33 :  95-102. 

BOHART,  R.  M. 

1940a.  A  revision  of  the  North  American  species  of  PterocJieilus  and  notes  on  related 

genera.  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  33:162-208. 
1940b.  Notes  on  Odynerus  with  a  key  to  the  North  American  subgenera  and  description  of 

a  new  subgenus.  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  15:97-104. 

Fox,  W.  J. 

1893.  Report  on  some  Mexican  Hymenoptera,  principally  from  Lower  California.  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (2),  4:1-25. 

1894.  Second  report  on  some  Hymenoptera  from  Lower  California,  Mexico.  Proc.  Calif 
Acad.  Sci.  (2),  4:92-121. 

MiCHELBACHER,  A.  E.  and  E.  S.  Ross 

1942.    Contributions  toward  a  knowledge  of  the  insect  fauna  of  Lower  California.  Intro- 
ductory account.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  (4) ,  24 : 1-20. 

Saussxjre,  H.  de. 

1875.    Synopsis  of  American  wasps.  Smithsonian  Misc.  Coll.,  254 : 1-392. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  12 

(Figures  not  drawn  to  the  same  scale,  dotted  lines  define  limits  of  whitish  or 

yellow  marMngs.) 

Figs.  1-3.  First  two  abdominal  segments,  clypeus,  and  last  four  antennal  segments  of 
Eumenes  coyotae  E.  Bohart,  new  species,  male  paratype  from  Concepcion  Bay,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. 

Figs.  4-6.  Metathorax  in  posterior  view  (female  paratype),  last  three  antennal  segments 
(male  paratype),  and  anterior  view  of  head  (female  paratype)  of  Leptochilus  propodealis 
R.  Boliart,  new  species.  Female  paratype  from  Eiverside,  California  and  male  paratype  from 
San  Diego,  California. 

Figs.  7-8.  First  two  abdominal  segments  and  clypeus  of  Stenodynerus  declivatus  R. 
Bohart,  new  species,  female  paratype  from  San  Diego,  California. 

Figs.  9-12.  First  two  abdominal  segments,  anterior  face  of  pronotum,  first  three  antennal 
segments,  and  last  3  antennal  segments  of  Stenodynerus  vanduseei  E.  Bohart,  new  species, 
male  paratype  from  Las  Animas,  Lower  California. 

Fig.  13.  Postocellar  area  of  vertex  of  Stenodynerus  noticeps  noticeps  R.  Bohart,  new 
species  and  subspecies,  female  paratype  from  Eooseyelt,  Utah. 

Figs.  14-17.  Postocellar  area  of  vertex  (female  paratype),  anterior  face  o'f  pronotum 
(female  paratype),  last  three  antennal  segments  (male  paratype),  and  anterior  view  of 
head  (male  paratype)  of  Stenodynerus  valliceps  E.  Bohart,  new  species.  Female  paratype 
from  Jenny  Lake,  Wyoming  and  male  paratype  from  Eock  Springs,  Wyoming. 


[334] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI.,  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.  9 


CBOHART]  plate    12 


Eumencs     coyotae 


Leptochilus     propodealis 


7  8 

Stenodynerus      declivatus 


Stenodynerus        vanduzeei 


p 


o. 


'•  r'-Vfi:!-'-". 


14 


!5  '.-'.. 


'^^' 


Stenodynerus      valliceps 


lim-3,'48(A6090) 


[  335  J 


LIB  TIA.  T<.  TT 

AUG  2  4  1948 

WOODS  HOLE,  MASS. 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

Fourth  Series 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  lo,  pp.  337-374,  pis.  13-19  March  12,  1948 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

No.  10 
COLEOPTERA:  SCARABAEIDAE 

BY 

LAWRENCE  W.  SAYLOR 

Research  Associate,  California  Academy  of  Sciences 


THE  PRESENT  report  is  concerned  primarilj^  with  the  insect  materials  col- 
lected by  A.  E.  Michelbacher  and  E.  S.  Ross  in  their  expedition  of  1938, 
and  a  few  additional  records  collected  by  Ross  and  G.  E.  Bohart  in  1941.  I 
have  also  included  all  additional  records  or  references  at  present  known  to  me. 

Large  series  were  obtained  of  several  species  previously  known  in  collec- 
tions by  but  very  few  individuals ;  in  the  case  of  such  species  as  Phyllophaga 
(Listrochelus)  clensicollis  (LeConte)  and  P.  (L.)  carminator  (Horn),  these 
collections  have  allowed  a  proper  understanding  of  the  species  limits,  whereas 
formerly  for  a  time  they  were  thought  to  be  the  opposite  sexes  of  one  and  the 
same  species.  In  the  interesting  genus  Acoma  and  the  well-known  Serica  a 
number  of  new  species  were  taken,  and  in  all  probability  the  number  of  new 
forms  is  by  no  means  yet  exhausted. 

I  am  much  indebted  to  individuals  for  various  forms  of  assistance  in  pre- 
paring the  present  report,  among  them  especially  Dr.  R.  C.  Miller,  Dr.  E.  C. 
Van  Dyke,  and  Dr.  E.  S.  Ross  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  as  well 
as  Dr.  Mont  A.  Cazier  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History.  All  types 
of  new  species  are  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  the  references 
to  the  Saylor  Collection  herein  made  are  somewhat  antedated,  because  since 
writing  the  bod}'  of  this  paper  I  have  presented  the  extensive  Saylor  Collection 
of  scarabs  to  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

[337] 


338  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(1)  Ohaunocolus  cornutus  Saylor 

Chaunocolus  cornutus  Saylor,  1937,  Bull.  So.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  36:35,  fig.  3;  Saylor  1939, 
Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  41 :54. 

This  small  (4.7  mm.  long) ,  strongly  shining,  ruf  ocastaneons  species  is  known 
only  by  the  type  and  one  other  specimen.  The  thorax  has  two  high,  oblique 
tumosities  each  side  of  the  middle,  and  the  surface  between  is  deeply  concave. 
The  claws  are  long,  with  a  minute  tooth  at  center.  Propygidium  and  fifth 
stemite  not  connate  but  separated  as  in  Oncerus,  with  the  last  spiracle  very 
minute  and  apparently  below  the  suture.  Head  with  a  stout  horn  at  center 
base  of  the  front. 

Type  locality :  La  Paz,  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  "Lower  California,"  one  specimen. 

Only  this  single  species  is  known  of  the  monotypic  genus  Chaunocolus 
Saylor,  and  further  study  of  adequate  series  will  most  probably  necessitate 
changing  its  position  among  the  melolonthine  tribes. 

(2)  Nef oncerus  convergens  (Horn) 

Oncerus  convergens  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)  IV: 394. 

Nef  oncerus  convergens,  Saylor,  1938,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  40:102,  fig.  2  (a-e). 

I  have  seen  only  7  specimens  of  this  rather  rare  and  localized  species.  The 
genus  is  characterized  by  having  the  front  claws  of  the  male  dissimilar  to  each 
other  and  also  to  the  hind  and  middle  claws  of  the  females,  with  the  middle 
claws  with  a  large  basal  dilation  and  thus  appearing  tridentate ;  abdominal 
sutures  strong,  the  segments  entirely  free;  hind  spurs  inserted  definitely 
'before  the  apex  and  on  the  outer,  upper  margin ;  clypeus  strongly  convergent 
apically.  Nef  oncerus  Saylor  is  readily  separable  from  Oncerus  Horn,  its  near- 
est relative  (known  only  from  California),  by  the  latter  possessing  similar 
front  claws  in  the  male  and  having  the  hind  spurs  inserted  at  the  apex  of  the 
tibia.  Full  details  concerning  Nef  oncerus  and  Oncerus,  with  drawings  of  all 
the  anatomical  parts,  and  erecting  the  subfamily  Oncerinae  for  the  two 
genera,  are  given  in  the  above  cited  paper  by  Saylor. 

Type  locality :  Calmalli  Mines  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

The  specimens  I  have  studied  have  all  been  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  Judg- 
ing from  other  habits  of  the  group,  the  adults  should  be  found  frequenting 
flowers  of  such  families  as  the  Compositae. 

(3)  Ohnaunanthus  discolor  Burmeister 

Chnaunanthus  discolor  Burmeister,  1844,  Handb.  d.  Entom.,  4:32;  Bates,  1887,  Biol. 
Cent.-Amer.,  Col.,  II,  2:130;  Dalla  Torre,  1912,  Coleop.  Cat.,  45':  7;  Saylor,  1937 
Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.  27(12)  :535,  f.  3. 

The  species  varies  considerably  in  color,  the  elytra  ranging  from  entirely 
testaceous,  through  testaceous  with  black  cloudings  on  the  disc,  to  almost  en- 
tirely piceocastaneous;  the  thorax  may  be  piceorufous,  rufous  with  testaceous 
markings  on  the  lateral  margins,  or  (rarely)  be  almost  entirely  testaceous. 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCABABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  339 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Recorded,  distribution:  Mexico. 

Apparently  the  species  is  fairly  well  distributed  in  certain  parts  of  Lower 
California,  and  the  adults  are  said  to  frequent  the  flowers  of  Compositae,  and 
are  taken  in  the  early  spring. 

Chnaunanthus  Burmeister  and  the  European  Chasmatopterus  Latreille 
form  the  subfamily  Chasmatopterinae.  This  group  is  thoroughly  revised  and 
reviewed  in  the  paper  cited  above  by  Saylor  in  1937. 

(4)  Podolasia  varicolor  Saylor,  new  species 

Male:  Shining,  pilose  above.  Color  of  head,  thorax,  elytral  apices,  and 
legs  piceous  (color  variations  are  mentioned  later  herein)  ;  the  elytra  and 
tarsi  ruf  otestaceous.  Clypeus  flat  at  base,  deeply  concave  and  very  strongly 
reflexed  apically,  the  apex  broadly  rounded,  the  angles  narrowly  rounded  and 
the  sides  subparallel ;  basal  %  of  disc  coarsely  and  contiguously  punctate, 
and  coarsely  rugose,  with  short,  erect  hair,  the  apical  %  smooth  and  but  little 
punctate.  Head  with  a  very  strong  transverse  carina  behind  the  carinate 
clypeal  base,  the  remainder  of  front  and  vertex  polished  and  hardly  punctate 
except  somewha.t  so  laterally.  Antenna  9-segmented,  the  club  small  and  ovate 
and  the  last  segment  of  the  club  deeply  and  obviously  concave  on  its  outer 
surface.  Thorax  with  the  base  completely  margined,  the  sides  rounded  and 
ciliate;  hind  angles  very  broadly  rounded  and  not  obvious;  front  angles 
obtuse,  discal  surface  just  posterior  to  apical  margin  transversely,  narrowly 
impressed ;  disc  highly  polished,  with  a  few  sparse  and  very  irregularly  placed 
punctures  near  middisc,  these  somewhat  closer  at  front  angles  and  sides,  but 
nowhere  dense;  the  disc  with  a  few  long  erect  hairs  near  sides,  otherwise 
glabrous.  Scutellum  small,  usually  impunctate.  Elytral  striae  lacking,  the 
sutural  striae  ill-defined  and  narrow ;  disc  coarseh^,  sparsely  and  somewhat 
regularly  punctate,  with  sparse,  short,  suberect  hairs.  Pygidium  small,  pol- 
ished, strongly  triangularly-shaped,  with  extremely  fine  punctures  and  very 
dense,  very  long,  erect  hairs.  Abdomen  polished,  sutures  fine  but  obvious, 
surface  very  finely  and  sparsely  punctate,  with  long,  erect  hairs.  Legs  strongly 
fossorial,  the  hind  femora  massive  and  over  %  as  broad  as  long.  Hind  tibia 
triangularly-shaped,  strongly  narrowed  apically,  with  a  very  strong,  com- 
plete, oblique  carina  in  apical  %.  Hind  tarsi  about  one  and  one-half  times 
longer  than  hind  tibia,  the  first  tarsal  segment  much  longer  than  the  second. 
Hind  spurs  broad,  well  developed.  Claws  long,  graceful,  simple.  Front  tibia 
very  strongly  bidentate,  the  teeth  strongly  acute  and  well  developed.  Wings 
also  well  developed.  Underside  quite  pilose.  Genitalia  sj^mmetrical,  the  apex 
of  each  lateral  lobe  in  enface  view  strongly  thickened  and  triangular. 

Female :  Differs  from  male  only  in  the  abdomen  being  somewhat  more  robust, 
the  sutures  much  less  obvious,  and  the  disc  less  punctate.  Length  4-7  mm. 
Width  1.8-3  mm. 


340  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5377)  is  from  "15  miles  W.  of  La  Paz,  VII-5 
to  VII-21,  1938,  collected  by  Michelbaeher  and  Ross,''  collected  at  light.  The 
female  alJotijpe  if  from  "Venancio,  VlI-17,  1938,  collected  by  Michelbaeher 
and  Ross."  A  female  paratype,  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  Mark  Robinson  of 
Philadelphia,  who  kindly  loaned  the  specimen  for  study,  is  from  "Marguerita 
Island,  L.  Calif."  Of  the  remaining  91  paratypes,  most  are  from  the  same 
localities  as  the  types,  with  the  additional  locality  of  "45  mi.  N.  of  San  Ignacio, 
VII-27-38,  Michelbaeher  and  Ross,  at  light." 

Although  I  had  at  first  decided  to  designate  only  the  small  series  from  La 
Paz  as  types,  owing  to  the  great  amount  of  variation  in  individual  size  and 
coloration,  I  have  decided  that  it  is  reasonably  safe  to  designate  all  as  types. 
The  comparison  of  the  90-odd  examples  of  this  species  from  four  scattered 
localities  in  Lower  California  forces  me  to  the  conclusion  that  this  is  an  ex- 
tremely plastic  species,  especially  as  to  color  and  size.  When  the  large,  dis- 
tinctly bicolored  examples  from  La  Paz  are  placed  alongside  the  small  uni- 
colorous  testaceous  specimens  from  Venancio  which  are  scarcely  half  their 
size,  they  appear  quite  different ;  all  types  of  intermediates  occur,  however. 
Specimens  from  Venancio  vary  from  unicolorous  testaceous  or  casteneous  to 
distinctly  bicolored  as  in  the  La  Paz  examples,  and  the  size  varies  accordingly. 
All  10  specimens  from  San  Ignacio  are  exactly  similar  (rufotestaceous  or 
rufopiceous  head  and  thorax,  and  testaceous  elytra),  while  the  small  La  Paz 
series  is  also  quite  similar  in  color  (black,  with  testaceous  elytra,  the  latter 
with  sides  and  apices  usually  black)  but  vary  greatly  in  size.  The  specimen 
from  Marguerita  Island  is  almost  similar  to  the  La  Paz  examples,  but  the 
elytra  are  entirely  testaceous.  The  male  genitalia  and  wing  characters  from 
specimens  from  the  various  localities  do  not  appear  to  differ.  The  most  variable 
characters  are  the  size,  color,  rugosity  of  inner  part  of  hind  tibia,  and  punc- 
turation  of  the  hind  femora  and  the  thoracic  disc. 

The  only  other  described  species  of  the  genus  Podolasia  Harold,  is  ferru- 
ginea  LeConte,  known  from  Texas,  and  the  two  species  may  be  separated  b}^ 
the  characters  given  in  the  key  below. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Podolasia 

Hind  tibia  with  a  nearly  or  quite  complete  transverse,  semioblique  carina  at  apical  third ; 
clypeus  with  a  group  of  dense,  semirugose  punctures  in  basal  area ;  front  immediately 
behind  the  clypeal  carina  strongly  separated  from  the  remainder  of  the  front  by  a 
strong  carina ;  color  variable,  at  times  unicolorous  testaceous  but  usually  somewhat 
bicolored.  Lower  California varicolor  Saylor 

Hind  tibia  with  a  short,  strongly  oblique  carina  running  from  a  third  to  nearly  a  half  the 
distance  across  the  tibia,  but  no  more ;  clypeus  more  or  less  regularly  though  sparsely 
punctate  over  the  entire  surface,  without  a  densely  punctate  spot  at  base;  front  be- 
hind the  carina  of  the  clypeal  suture  flattened  but  not  at  all  carinate ;  color  always 
pale  testaceous.  Texas,  U.S. A ferruginea  LeConte 

The  mouthparts  and  connate  abdominal  segments  of  this  genus  appear  to 
place  it  in  the  subfamily  Chasmatopterinae;  however,  the  general  habitus  and 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCABABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  341 

the  remaining  morphological  features  are  radically  different  and  prevent  its 
inclusion  in  this  subfamily,  and  proper  phylogenetic  placement  of  the  genus 
will  have  to  await  further  study. 

(5)  Acoma  robusta  Van  Dyke 

Plate  13,  fig.  1. 

Acoma  ro'bu^ta  Van  Dyke,  1928,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  IV:  159;  Saylor,  1937,  Bull.  S.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  36:37. 

Male :  Color  always  piceo  castaneous,  strongly  polished  above,  usually  with 
long,  moderately  dense,  yellowish-white  dorsal  hairs.  Size  variable.  Head 
with  clypeus  fairly  long,  semiovate  in  outline,  the  margins  very  strongly  re- 
flexed,  the  apex  subtruncate  or  faintly  emarginate ;  disc  densely  punctate. 
Front  finely  cribrate ;  vertex  smooth  and  impunctate.  Antenna  9-segmented 
(Fig.  la,  Plate  13) ;  club  5-segmented,  the  first  segment  of  club  (fifth  of  an- 
tenna) only  %  as  long  as  the  remainder.  Thorax  convex,  all  margins  densely 
ciliate ;  disc  with  an  impunctate  narrow  central  line,  the  remainder  finely  to 
coarsely  punctured ;  front  angles  acute  and  produced ;  thorax  sides  subparallel 
in  basal  half,  the  hind  angles  narrowly  rounded,  sides  convergent  apically  in 
apical  half;  base  strongly  and  completely  margined.  Elytra  with  rows  of 
punctate  striae,  with  scattered  hairs.  Pygidium  convex,  strongly  punctured, 
with  dense  very  long  hairs.  Length  7-10  mm.  Width  2.8^.8  mm. 

Type  locality  :  La  Paz,  in  June ;  Triunf o,  in  July. 

New  records :  7  males,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  at  "15  miles  W. 
of  La  Paz"  July  5,  and  at  Santiago  on  July  8. 

This  is  the  largest  species  known  of  the  genus,  and  can  be  confused  only 
with  the  following  new  species,  which  possesses  only  4  segments  in  the  male 
antennal  club. 

The  females  of  this  genus  are  apparently  not  known,  as  all  examples  and 
records  are  males ;  in  all  probability  the  female  antenna  \sdll  prove  to  be  quite 
different  from  the  male's,  judging  from  other  related  genera. 

(6)  Acoma  cazieri  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  14,  fig.  4. 

3Iale.  Large,  robust.  Color  dark  piceocastaneous,  surface  shining  above. 
Antenna  with  4  segments  in  the  club,  the  4  segments  of  approximately  the 
same  length.  Head  with  front  very  coarsely  cribrate.  Otherwise,  apparently 
similar  in  all  respects  to  A.  rohusta.  Length  10-11  mm.  Width  4.5-5  mm. 

Eolotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5688)  is  from  15  mi.  N.  of  EI  Refugio,  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  July  4,  1938.  Two  male  paratypes,  collected  by 
the  same  men  at  San  Domingo  on  July  19. 

This  species  is  named  after  my  good  friend  Dr.  Mont  Cazier,  Curator  of 
Insects  at  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  who  did  some  of  the  pre- 
liminary work  on  separating  the  specimens  and  turned  them  over  to  me  to 
complete. 


342  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(7)  Acoma  dilemma  Say  lor,  new  species 
Plate  13,  fig.  2. 

Male:  Small,  color  rufocastaneous  to  castaneopiceous,  shining  above.  Cly- 
peus  short,  small  and  evenly  rounded.  Head  with  front  and  clypeal  base  finely 
but  very  densely  granulate.  Antenna  with  club  3%  segmented,  that  is  the  first 
segment  of  club  (or  6th  segment  of  antenna)  about  %  as  long  as  the  remaining 
three  club  segments.  Elytral  hairs  quite  long  and  moderately  thick.  Otherwise, 
all  characters  apparently  similar  to  A.  rohusta.  Length  5.5-7  mm.  Width 
2.5-3  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5689)  and  paratype  male  are  both  from  15  mi. 
N.  of  EI  Refugio,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  July  4, 1938. 

( 8 )  Acoma  sexf  oliata  Say  lor,  new  species 

Plate  13,  fig.  6. 

Male:  Color  rufobrunneous,  shining  above.  Head  with  front  very  coarsely 
cribrate,  and  the  clypeus  with  a  bidentate  apex,  the  two  blunt  but  acute  teeth 
separated  by  a  narrow  emargination,  and  the  lateral  margin  of  clypeus 
strongly  reflexed  and  strongly  convergent  apically,  clypeus  not  very  concave. 
Thorax  much  more  transverse  than  in  rohusta,  and  the  punctures  very  coarse 
and  rather  dense,  much  smoother  basally ;  sides  of  thorax  slightly  convergent 
in  basal  half  and  strongly  convergent  in  apical  half ;  front  angles  blunt  and 
obtuse.  Elytral  hair  short.  Antenna  with  third  segment  very  long  (Fig.  6a, 
PI.  13)  and  the  long  club  6-segmented.  Otherwise  similar  to  rohusta  in  most 
essential  characters.  Length  5.5-6.5  mm.  Width  2.5-2.8  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5690)  and  3  paratype  males  from  7  mi.  S.  of  El 
Marmol,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  June  18,  1938.  An  additional 
male  paratype  was  taken  at  El  Marmol  on  September  24, 1941,  by  Messrs.  Ross 
andBohart. 

This  species  is  the  most  distinct  in  the  genus,  and  the  six-segmented  antennal 
club,  dentate  clypeus  and  thoracic  shape  will  readily  place  it. 

( 9 )  Acoma  rossi  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  13,  fig.  5. 

Male:  Castaneous  to  castaneopiceous,  shining  above.  Head  with  front  very 
coarsely  cribrate.  Clypeus  deeply  concave,  sides  very  convergent  anteriorly, 
apex  truncate  and  slightly  to  moderately  emarginate,  thus  clypeus  appears 
to  have  2  obtuse  teeth  or  in  some  specimens  is  definitely  bidentate.  Antenna 
with  5-segmented  club,  the  3d  antennal  segment  as  long  as  2d,  the  4th  long 
and  nearly  three  times  longer  than  the  2d  (Fig.  5a,  PI.  13) .  Thorax  as  in  sex- 
f  oliata.  Otherwise,  essential  characters  as  in  rohusta.  Length  4.5--7  mm.  Width 
2-3  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5691)  is  from  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,- 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  July  29.  Two  male  paratypes,  same 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOR:  SCARABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  343 

data  as  type.  Fifteen  additional  male  paratypes  are  from  10  mi.  S.  of  Punta 
Prieta,  collected  by  the  above  men  on  June  21. 

This  species  is  closest  to  sexfoliata  Saylor  in  most  characters,  but  the  an- 
tennal  club  is  5-  and  not  6-segmented,  and  the  clypeus  is  a  little  different  in 
shape  and  the  front  is  much  more  coarsely  crenate. 

(10)  Acoma  confusa  Van  Dyke 

Plate  13,  fig.  3. 
Acoina  confusa  Van  Dyke,  1928,  Pan-Pasif.  Ent.,  4:160. 

Type  locality :  Coronodos  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  May ;  Loreto,  Lower 
California,  May. 

New  records  :  Series  of  males  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  in  7  different 
localities  as  indicated :  Mesquital  on  July  28, 15  mi.  N.  of  San  Ignacio  on  June 
24,  and  July  26,  25  miles  S.  of  Santa  Rosalia  on  July  25,  Venancio  on  July  17, 
15  mi.  W.  of  La  Paz  on  July  5,  and  Santiago  on  July  8. 

The  examination  of  37  specimens  taken  in  7  localities,  the  extremes  of  which 
are  separated  by  approximately  500  miles,  represents  some  very  interesting 
results.  A  small  red  specimen  from  the  southern  Santiago  when  compared  to 
a  large  and  darker  example  from  the  northern  Mesquital  appears  quite  differ- 
ent, and  both  also  differ  in  the  following  respects  (characters  which  usually 
are  specific  in  other  related  genera)  :  shape  and  proportion  of  thorax;  shape 
and  proportion  and  sculpturing  of  clypeus ;  and  length  of  the  antennal  club. 

Thus  in  what  I  believe  to  be  one  species  the  length  varies  (even  the  same 
locality)  from  3.5  to  10  mm. ;  the  clypeus  may  be  as  long  as  width  through 
base,  to  one-half  longer  than  width,  with  the  sides  rounded  and  greatly  re- 
flexed  to  strongly  acuminate  apically,  with  the  apex  evenly  rounded  to  nar- 
rowly subtruncate  to  emarginate;  clypeal  puncturation  may  be  sparse  to 
dense  and  the  base  may  be  transversely  tumid  (all  Mesquital  examples)  or 
not  at  all  so,  also  the  front  and  clypeal  base  juncture  varies  from  finely  and 
evenly  tuberculate  to  very  coarsely  cribrate ;  front  thoracic  angles  vary  from 
bluntly  obtuse,  to  rectangular,  to  acute  and  strongly  produced;  the  basal 
half  of  the  thorax  may  have  evenly  rounded  sides  which  are  slightly  acumi- 
nate basally,  varying  to  the  sides  subparallel,  and  in  some  examples  the  center 
margin  of  the  basal  half  of  thorax  is  slightly  sinuate ;  antennal  club  is  longer 
in  northern  areas  and  becomes  progressively  smaller  in  specimens  as  one  goes 
south.  Thus  it  is  readily  seen  that  usually  reliable  characters  of  specific  im- 
port do  not  hold  in  this  species  if  my  interpretations  are  correct. 

A.  confusa  possesses  a  three-segmented  antennal  club  in  the  male  sex,  and 
in  this  regard,  it  resembles  hrimnea  Casey  and  arizonica  Brown  from  our 
southern  United  States  borders,  but  differs  especially  in  the  coarse,  not  crib- 
rate  puncturation  of  front,  in  the  acute  rather  than  blunt  thoracic  angles, 
in  the  darker  color,  slightly  longer  antennal  club,  and  longer  elytral  hair. 


344  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(11)  Dichelonyx  picea  Horn 

Dichelonyx  picea  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:396;  Fall,  1901,  Trans.  Amer. 
Ent.  Soc,  p.  289;  Saylor,  1945,  Bull.  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  40:154.  (Eevision  of  genus). 

This  uncommon  species,  of  which  I  have  seen  the  Horn  types  and  about 
two  dozen  additional  examples,  is  the  only  species  of  the  genus  which  is  most 
commonly  vittate  on  the  elytra,  and  also  is  the  only  one  with  8-segmented 
antennae. 

Type  locality :  "San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  El  Chinche,  2000  ft,"  types  in  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

New  records :  Miraflores,  VII-2,  collected  by  Slevin ;  three  records  by  Ross 
and  Bohart,  namely  Todos  Santos,  X-18-41,  Arroyo  Seco,  X-1-41,  and  Las 
Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  X-12^1 ;  and  the  remaining  two  records  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  namely  Triunfo,  VII-13-38,  and  5  mi.  W.  of  San 
Bartolo,  VII-13-38. 

(12)  Dichelonyx  pusillaLeConte 

Dichelonyx  pusilla  LeConte,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Sci.  Philadilphia,  p.  282 ;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 
Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:335;  Fall,  1901,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  p.  290;  Saylor, 
1945,  Bull.  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  40 :  155. 

This  species  is  fairly  common  in  California  in  the  general  environs  of 
Los  Angeles;  I  have  collected  it  as  far  north  as  Santa  Barbara,  and  I  do  not 
know  that  it  goes  north  of  that  point.  The  species  does  not  seem  to  go  east  of 
the  California  borders  and  is  moderately  common  in  northern  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. The  adults  have  been  recorded  as  eating  roses. 

Type  locality :  "San  Diego  to  Santa  Barbara." 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Pedro  Martin  in  Lower  California,  and  numer- 
ous localities  in  southern  California. 

New  records:  Ensenada,  VI-27-35,  by  Saylor;  17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada, 
VII-13-38,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  adults  of  the  wholly  Nearctic  genus  Dichelonyx  Harris  are  commonly 
taken  on  the  foliage  of  coniferous  trees,  where  they  are  leaf -chafers ;  some 
species  also  feed  on  plums,  snowberries,  and  other  rosaceous  plants.  The 
larvae  are  ground  inhabiting,  and  though  several  species  are  known  in  the 
larval  form  (I  have  collected  them  feeding  on  Artemesia,  Sym.phoricarpiis, 
Rosa,  and  various  grass  roots) ,  nothing  has  yet  been  published  on  the  complete 
life  history.  A  synoptic  revision  of  the  genus  by  the  writer  was  published  in 
the  1945  paper  cited  above,  and  the  reader  is  referred  to  that  publication  for  a 
detailed  account  of  the  25  species  and  7  subspecies,  and  a  discussion  of  the 
extreme  color  variation  found  so  commonly  in  this  group.  The  two  species 
inhabiting  Lower  California  may  be  separated  as  follows : 

Antenna  8-segmented;  clypeus  smooth,  polished,  very  sparsely  punctured,  without  obvious 
pile;  prothorax  without  any  suggestion  of  a  submedian  longitudinal  sulcus,  and  the 
thoracic  color  usually  brown.  L.  California  only picea  Horn. 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCAEABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  345 

Antenna  9-segmented;  clypeus  rugose  and  very  densely  punctate,  with  distinct  pile;  pro- 
thorax  with  a  distinct  median  longitudinal  sulcus  and  the  color  usually  piceous.  L. 
Calif,  north  to  middle  California pusilla  LeConte 

(13)  Serica  rossi  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  16,  fig.  2. 

Male:  Surface  shining,  the  elytra  faintly  pruinose.  Color  rufotestaceons, 
the  head  and  thorax  more  rufous.  Head  with  front  sparsely  and  irregularly 
punctate,  the  vertex  opaque  and  impunctate.  Clypeus  with  sides  straight  and 
with  a  faint  lateral  notch  just  before  the  angles ;  apex  moderately  reflexed 
and  subtruncate,  and  not  emarginate;  disc  slightly  convex,  the  punctures 
dense  and  coarse,  the  apical  fourth  nearly  smooth  and  impunctate.  Antenna 
9-segmented,  the  club  slightly  longer  than  the  funicle.  Thorax  with  ciliate 
apical  and  lateral  margins,  otherwise  glabrous;  disc  moderately  densely  and 
regularly  punctate,  the  punctures  separated  by  once  or  more  their  diameters. 
Scutellum  finely  and  densely  punctate.  Elytra  with  very  sparse  and  scattered 
punctures,  and  a  very  few,  short,  erect  hairs;  striae  wide  and  quite  flat. 
Pygidium  pruinose,  the  punctures  very  fine  and  dense,  and  with  short  hairs 
at  sides  and  base,  the  apical  hairs  longer.  Middle  apex  of  5th  abdominal  ster- 
nite  slightly  transversely  carinate. 

Female:  Antennal  club  shorter  than  funicle ;  middle  apex  of  5th  abdominal 
sternite  not  carinate,  but  the  apical  margin  widely  arcuate  and  with  a  smooth 
and  polished  band;  pygidium  polished,  convex,  the  punctures  dense  and 
noticeable,  middle  disc  glabrous.  Otherwise  as  in  male.  Length  8.5  to  9.5  mm. 
Width  4.8  to  6.5  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5372),  and  allotype,  female  (C.A.S.  No.  5373), 
and  10  paratypes,  all  from  "17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada,  Lower  California,  VI-14- 
38,  collected  at  light  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross."  Three  of  the  paratypes  are 
in  the  Saylor  Collection. 

(14)  Serica  michelbacheri  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  16,  fig.  4. 

3Iale :  Body  robust.  Color  ruf ocastaneous,  pruinose,  and  only  faintly  shin- 
ing, with  a  very  few,  scattered,  erect  hairs  on  the  dorsal  surface.  Clypeus 
quite  long,  the  sides  straight,  convergent  apically,  and  without  a  lateral 
notch ;  apex  strongly  reflexed,  and  widely  and  moderately  deeply  emarginate, 
the  angles  narrowly  rounded ;  disc  shining  and  noticeably  convex,  with  fine 
and  dense  punctures,  the  apical  fifth  very  sparsely  punctate.  Front  opaque, 
the  punctures  finely,  sparsely,  and  irregularly  scattered,  the  vertex  impunc- 
tate. Thorax  with  sides  entire  and  ciliate,  base  not  margined,  the  disc  very 
irridescent  and  opaque,  with  the  very  fine  and  dense  punctures  hardly  ob- 
vious in  some  lights.  Scutellum  with  minute,  sparse  setigerous  punctures. 
Elytra  finely  and  not  densely  punctured,  and  like  the  thorax,  the  punctures 
in  some  lights  are  not  very  obvious ;  discal  costae  not  prominent.  Pygidium 


346  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

convex,  strongly  narrowed  apically,  the  disc  polished  at  base  and  otherwise 
pruinose,  with  very  fine  and  dense  punctures,  and  some  lateral  and  apical 
erect  hairs  of  moderate  length.  Length  10  mm.  Width  6  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5374),  and  two  paratypes,  one  probably  a  fe- 
male, are  from  '17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada,  Lower  California,  VI-14-38,  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross  cellectors."  One  paratype  remains  in  the  Saylor  Collection ; 
the  second  is  probably  a  female,  but  the  abdomen  is  damaged  and  the  geni- 
talia lost.  The  species  is  related  to  8.  mckenziei  Sajdor  but  the  male  genitalia 
will  readily  separate  the  two. 

( 15 )  Serica  ensenada  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  16,  fig.  1. 

Male:  Color  somewhat  rufotestaceous,  with  the  elytra  faintly  shining  and 
the  thorax  and  front  tawny  colored  and  very  opaque ;  pilose  above.  Clypeus 
moderately  long,  the  sides  straight  and  convergent  apically  (and  without  a 
lateral  groove  near  angles),  the  apex  strongly  reflexed  and  narrowly,  some- 
what deeply  emarginate,  the  angles  narrowly  rounded;  disc  quite  noticeably 
tumid  at  middle,  with  a  few  erect  hairs  in  apical  portion,  the  punctures  coarse, 
nearly  contiguous  and  entirely  covering  the  disc.  Vertex  very  strongly  opaque 
and  impunctate ;  front  with  few  and  dense  punctures  and  moderately  long, 
erect  yellowish  hairs.  Antenna  9-segmented  and  unicolorous  testaceous ;  club 
slightly  longer  than  f  unicle.  Thorax  strongly  opaque  and  completely  covered 
with  dense,  long,  erect  hairs;  sides  entire,  and  ciliate,  base  not  margined; 
disc  with  fine,  moderately  dense  punctures.  Scutellum  with  dense  fine  punc- 
tures at  sides,  somewhat  sparser  at  middle  and  apically,  each  puncture  with 
subprocumbent,  yellow  hairs  of  moderate  length.  Elytra  iridescent,  the  costae 
well  marked ;  disc  with  irregularly  placed,  mixed  punctures  of  fine  and  mod- 
erate size,  the  small  punctures  usually  bearing  minute  hairs  and  the  larger 
punctures  with  very  long  and  erect  hairs.  Pygidium  pruinose  to  faintly 
shining,  very  finely  and  densely  punctate  and  with  long  erect  hairs.  Length 
9  mm.  Width  5.3  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5375),  is  from  "17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada,  Lower 
California,  VI-14-'38,  M.  and  R.  coU."  A  specimen  with  identical  data  is  at 
hand  and  differs  from  the  type  mainly  in  the  pygidium  being  shining  and  the 
thoracic  hair  denser;  it  is  very  probably  the  female  of  the  species,  but  I  leave 
it  without  type  designation  for  the  present  since  many  species  of  the  genus 
are  very  difficult  to  separate  unless  series  are  available.  Related  to  pilifera 
Horn  from  "Santa  Maria"  and  differs  mainly  by  the  more  strongly  reflexed 
clypeal  apex,  the  absence  of  the  lateral  clypeal  notch,  much  more  densely 
pilose  dorsal  surface,  and  more  northern  range. 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOE:  SCABABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  347 

(16)  Serica  serensia  Saylor,  new  species 

Plate  14,  fig.  1. 

Male :  Robust,  pruinose-opaque ;  coloration  castaneo-ruf ous,  the  head  and 
thorax  a  rich  velvety  brown.  Head  with  front  very  sparsely  punctate  and 
faintly  shining,  the  vertex  opaque  and  impunctate.  Clypeus  shining,  very 
markedly  reflexed  at  apex  and  sides,  being  almost  bowl-shaped,  the  sides 
straight  and  without  a  lateral  notch,  the  apex  very  widely  and  shallowly 
emarginate,  and  the  lateral  angles  narrowly  rounded;  disc  tumid  at  middle, 
very  densely  and  coarsely  punctured,  somewhat  less  so  at  sides  and  near  apex, 
and  with  a  few  scattered,  erect  hairs.  Antenna  castaneous,  the  club  distinctly 
longer  than  the  funicle.  Thorax  with  sides  and  apical  margins  ciliate ;  disc 
smooth  and  quite  opaque,  so  that  the  fine,  sparse  punctures  are  only  visible 
with  correct  lighting.  Scutellum  punctured  as  thorax,  with  a  few  sub  erect 
hairs  basally.  Elytra  also  punctured,  as  thorax,  the  punctures  hardly  obvious 
and  very  few  and  scattered;  striae  slightly  raised  but  not  prominent,  disc 
with  a  very  few  erect  hairs.  Pygidium  opaque,  very  finely  and  densely  punc- 
tate, with  erect  hairs  of  moderate  length.  Length  10  mm.  Width  5  mm. 

Holotype,  an  unique  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5376),  is  from  "17  mi.  S.  of  Ensen- 

ada,  Lower  California,  VI-14r-'38,  M.  and  R.  collectors."  Judging  from  the 

fact  that  this  and  the  preceding  three  new  species,  all  very  distinct,  were  all 

collected  at  the  same  time  and  place,  and  that  two  of  the  species  are  based  on 

unique  males,  there  must  certainly  be  additional  new  species  to  be  discovered 

in  the  area. 

(17)  Serica  praetennissa  Dawson 

Plate  14,  fig.  3. 
Serica  praetermissa  Dawson,  1932,  Jour,  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  40 :  536. 

The  species  is  chocolate-brown,  glabrous  above  and  subshining.  The  cly- 
peus is  feebly  tumid  at  the  middle  and  the  margin  is  strongly  reflexed. 

Type  locality:  Paraiso  Springs  (in  central  California). 

New  records :  San  Martin  Islands,  V-19-26,  Saylor  Collection. 

Though  relatively  common  in  central,  coastal  California  in  the  regions  of 

Monterey  County  and  south,  the  species  apparently  runs  into  northern  Lower 

California. 

(18)  Serica  craighead  Saylor 

Plate  14,  fig.  2. 
Serica  craighead  Saylor  1939,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  41:55. 

The  species  is  testaceo-castaneous,  the  head  with  traces  of  piceous,  and 
above  moderately  shining  and  faintly  iridescent.  The  clypeus  is  tumid  at 
center,  and  the  lateral  margins  are  not  notched.  The  thorax  has  a  few  short 
erect  hairs  on  each  side  and  the  elytra  are  sparsely  clothed  with  short  erect 
hairs.  Length  7.5  mm. 

Type  locality:  Sangre  de  Cristo,  and  V.  Trinidad,  both  in  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. Known  only  from  the  types. 


348  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(19)  Serica  alternata  alternata  LeConte 

Plate  14,  fig.  4. 

Serica  alternata  LeConte,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  2,  3:276;  Dawson, 
1933,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  XLI  :435. 

The  color  is  dark  chestnut,  the  surface  subshining-,  and  the  elytra  iridescent. 
The  alternate  elytral  intervals  (2,  4,  etc.)  are  slightly  wider  than  the  others 
(1,  3,  etc. ) ,  hence  the  name. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  Widespread  and  common  in  many  localities  in 
California,  Arizona,  Utah,  New  Mexico,  and  Colorado. 

New  records :  12  specimens  from  "17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada,  Lower  California, 
VI-14-38,"  and  "Hamilton  Ranch,  Lower  California,  VIII-2-38,"  both  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

I  have  not  seen  any  Lower  California  representatives  of  the  two  common 
subspecies  Dawson  described  from  California  {S.  alternata  exolita  and  8.  a. 
patruela),  but  they  may  occur,  especially  near  the  San  Diego  border  of  Cali- 
fornia. The  subspecies  are  best  distinguished  through  the  genitalic  char- 
acters of  the  male. 

(20)  Serica  sculptilis  Dawson 

Plate  16,  fig.  3. 
Serica  sculptilis  Dawson,  1922,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  p.  162,  f .  19. 

Type  locality :  Camp  Baldy,  San  Bernardino  County,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mt.  Wilson,  Claremont,  and  Ojai  Valley,  all  in 
southern  California. 

New  records :  One  male  specimen  from  "17  mi.  S.  of  Ensenada,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, VI-14:-38,  Michelbacher  and  Ross  collectors." 

(21)  Serica  pilifera  Horn 

Serica  pilifera  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:397. 

The  species  is  characterized  by  the  pale  brown,  dull  surface,  with  semi- 
erect  fulvous  hair,  the  elytral  hair  being  vaguely  arranged  in  rows.  Apex  of 
clypeus  is  moderately  reflexed  and  slightly  notched  at  the  sides.  Thorax  with 
a  few  semierect,  sparsely  placed,  brown  hairs.  Length  8  mm. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Maria,  in  Lower  California. 

To  the  best  of  my  knowledge  the  species  is  known  only  from  the  original 
types. 

(22)  Serica  mixta  LeConte 

Serica  mixta  LeConte,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  2,  3:276;  Dawson,  1922,  Jour. 
N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  30  :  166,  pi.  22. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  The  type  series  of  3  males  was  described  from  San 
Diego  and  was  later  described  in  detail  by  Dawson,  who  also  figured  the  geni- 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCABABAEIBAE  OF  LOWEE  CALIFOEKIA  349 

talia.  I  do  not. know  that  the  species  has  actually  been  found  in  Lower  Cali- 
fornia; since  Horn's  record  of  "San  Pedro  Martin"  was  made  before  the 
genital  characters  were  used,  his  identification  was  very  probably  based  on 
another  species. 

(23)  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga)  contaminata  Fall 

Phyllophaga  contaminata  Fall,  1932,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  40 :  197. 
Phyllophaga  extranea  Fall,  1932, 1.  c,  p.  198.  New  synonymy. 

Both  entirely  piceous,  contaminata  and  testaceous  extranea  were  described 
from  single  male  specimens ;  the  study  of  182  additional  specimens,  with  numer- 
ous intermediate  specimens,  indicates  that  they  are  extremes  of  a  single  highly 
variable  species.  One  of  the  more  typical  color  variations  is :  entire  dorsal 
surface  nearly  black,  except  for  a  narrow  to  broad  lateral  testaceous  band 
on  the  thorax,  and  the  legs  are  testaceous  at  base  and  piceous  apically.  An- 
other has  the  head  black,  the  thorax  testaceous  and  a  large  irregular  black 
spot  at  the  center  apex,  this  spot  varying  in  size  from  very  large,  to  almost 
entirely  lacking ;  the  elytra  are  ruf ocastaneous  to  nearly  piceous.  The  shape 
and  puncturation  of  the  clypeus  and  the  degree  of  reflexion  of  the  apical 
margin  vary  noticeably  between  the  extremes.  The  thoracic  and  elytral  punc- 
turation is  also  variable  in  many  examples.  Only  18  specimens  in  the  series 
are  females. 

T}^e  locality:  "San  Bartoleme,  Dist.  Sur,  Lower  California"  and  "San 
Pedro,  Dist.  Sur,  Lower  California." 

New  records :  All  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Eoss :  Triunf  o  on  July  13 ; 
6  mi.  N.  of  Triunf  0  on  July  15 ;  5  mi.  W.  San  Bartola  on  July  13;  Santiago 
on  July  8 ;  5  mi.  S.  of  Miraflt>res  on  July  8  and  10,  and  Miraflores  on  July  8. 
Also  from  Agua  Caliente,  June,  and  Santa  Rosa  in  August  (Saylor  Col- 
lection). 

(24)  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga)  masculicollis  LeConte 

Phyllophaga  maculicollis  JL^Co-isTE,  1863,  New  Spec.  Col.  I,  p.  76;  Horn,  1887,  Trans.  Amer. 

Ent.  Soc,  14:297;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4:336. 
Phyllophaga  nitidula  LeConte,  1863, 1.  c,  p.  77;  Horn,  1887, 1.  c,  p.  192;  Horn,  1884, 1.  c, 

p.  336.  New  synonymy. 

Though  not  taken  by  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross  expedition,  this  species 
has  been  collected  on  several  occasions.  All  maculicolUs  I  have  seen  so  far  are 
males,  and  aU  nitidula  are  females,  and  there  is  little  doubt  that  they  represent 
the  opposite  sexes  of  one  species. 

Tj^pe  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  and  the  type  locality. 

(25)  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga)  canipolea  Saylor,  new  species 

Male:  Elongate,  subparallel.  Color  testaceous,  faintly  darker  posteriorly, 
shining  and  glabrous  above  except  for  a  few  short  hairs  on  the  front.  Head 
with  front  flat,  very  coarsely  and  densely  punctate;  impunctate  along  the 


350  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

bisiniiate,  hardly-impressed  clypeal  suture;  clypeus  nearly  quadrate,  the 
sides  straight,  somewhat  convergent  apically,  and  slightly  reflexed;  clypeal 
apex  strongly  reflexed,  the  angles  very  narrowly  rounded,  somewhat  shaliowly 
but  triangiilarly  emarginate  between  the  angles;  clypeal  disc  moderately 
densely  punctate.  Antenna  9-segmented,  testaceous ;  segments  4  and  5  often 
faintly  dentate  within,  segments  3-5  of  approximate  length,  6th  shorter, 
and  transverse ;  club  3-segmented  and  subequal  to  length  of  entire  antenna. 
Thorax  transverse,  all  edges  heavily  margined;  sides  obtusely  angulate 
slightly  before  middle,  margin  entire  behind  and  strongly  convergent  towards 
the  well-rounded  hind  angles ;  front  half  of  sides  subcrenate,  ciliate,  and  con- 
vergent towards  the  sharp  but  barely  obtuse  front  angles ;  disc  irregularly 
punctate,  punctures  larger  in  apical  area  and  near  sides,  with  irregular  im- 
punctate  areas  at  center.  Elytra  somewhat  coarsely  punctate  and  surface 
wrinkled,  striae  other  than  the  narrow  sutural  striae  not  obvious.  Pygidium 
convex,  polished,  somewhat  coarsely  punctate  basally,  and  more  finely  punc- 
tate apically,  with  minute,  hardly  obvious  hairs,  except  at  sides.  Abdomen 
slightly  flattened,  polished,  with  moderately  dense,  rather  long  hairs  on  each 
segment;  5th  sternite  longer  than  4th,  and  hair  a  little  longer;  6th  half  the 
length  of  5th.  Fore  tibia  deflnitely  bidentate,  the  upper  tooth  very  obtuse 
(i.e.,  the  second  tooth).  Posterior  spurs  free,  slender;  first  segment  hind  legs 
definitely  shorter  than  the  second.  All  claws  similar,  and  with  a  very  minute 
tooth  just  before  the  small  and  obtuse  basal  dilation.  Length  11-12  mm.  Width 
4.6-5  mm. 

The  male  Holotype  (C.A.S.  No.  5692)  and  2  male  paratypes  are  from 
Oanipole,  Lower  California,  collected  by  Ross  and  Bohart  on  October  2, 1941. 
One  paratype  is  in  the  Saylor  Collection. 

This  species  is  quickly  separable  from  contaminata  Fall  by  the  unusual 
shape  of  the  clypeus. 

(26)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  miraflora  Saylor 

Plate  17,  fig.  3 ;  Plate  18,  fig.  2. 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  miraflora  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095,  p.  72, 
f.  5  (i-n)  and  13'(e-f ).  (Eevision  of  the  subgenus.) 

Type  locality :  Miraflores  and  5  mi.  S.  of  Miraflores,  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross,  and  in  the  collections  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences. 
Paratypes  from  San  Bartola,  and  Triunf o,  as  well  as  Miraflores. 

Known  only  from  the  type  series  of  30-odd  specimens.  The  male  genitalia 
are  asymmetrical. 

(27)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  densicollis  (LeConte) 

Plate  17,  fig.  2 ;  Plate  18,  fig.  1. 

Listrochelus  densicollis  LeConte,  1863,  Smith.  Misc.  Coll.  No.  167,  6:77;  Horn,  1887, 

Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  7:143. 
Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  densicollis,  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095, 

p.  72,  fig.  5  (e,  f )  and  13  (c,  d). 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCABABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  351 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  in  the  LeConte  collection. 

Recorded  distribution :  Santa  Rosa,  San  Felipe.  Miclielbaclier  and  Ross 
obtained  a  nice  series  at  Santiago  on  July  8,  and  at  10  mi.  SW.  of  San  Jose 
Bartola,  and  San  Pedro. 

New  records  :  Todos  Santos,  X-10-41,  Ross  and  Boliart  collectors. 

The  female  pygidium  varies  somewhat  in  the  species,  and  may  be  evenly 
convex,  or  convex  and  slightly  and  longitudinally  impressed. 

(28)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  carminator  (Horn) 

Plate  17,  fig.  4;  Plate  18,  fig.  3. 

Listrochelus  carminator  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2),  4 :398. 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  carminator,  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095, 
p.  75,  f.  5  (a-c),  and  13  (g-h). 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Recorded  distribution :  Santa  Rosa,  San  Felipe.  Michelbacher  and  Ross 
obtained  a  nice  series  at  Santiago  on  July  8,  and  at  10  mi.  SW.  of  San  Jose 
del  Cabo  on  July  9. 

The  very  short  upper  tooth  of  the  male  genitalia  is  a  good  distinguishing 
character.  The  rugosity  of  the  thorax  varies  somewhat. 

(29)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  michelbacheri  Saylor 

Plate  17,  fig.  1 ;  Plate  18,  fig.  4. 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  micliellmcheri  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095, 
p.  76,  fig.  5  (g,  h)  and  13  (a,  b). 

Type  locality:  20  mi.  N.  of  Comondu,  VII-23,  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
Paratypes  from  same  locality",  plus  La  Paz,  Vanancio,  15  mi.  W.  of  San  Ignacio 
July  26,  San  Domingo  July  19,  15  mi.  N.  of  El  Refugio  July  4,  12  mi.  S.  of 
Santa  Rosalia  July  25,  and  25  mi.  S.  of  Santa  Rosalia  July  25;  also  Palmarita 
in  September. 

The  female  pygidium  of  this  species  is  very  characteristic  and  will  set  off 
this  sex  immediately  from  others  of  the  complex.  Known  only  by  the  type 
series  of  some  90-odd  specimens,  but  apparently  well  dispersed  in  Lower 
California,  near  the  Cape  Region. 

(30)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  venodiola  Saylor 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  venodiola  Saylor,  1938,  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  51:185. 

Type  locality :  Venodio,  Sinaloa,  Mexico,  June,  in  U.  S.  N.  M. 

Additional  records  :  Maria  Madre  Islands,  May  15,  in  the  Saylor  Collection 
and  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  Tres  Marias  Islands,  Mexico,  Keifer 
collector,  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

The  species  was  described  from  15  specimens  and  additional  specimens  of 
both  sexes  are  known  as  indicated  above.  The  male  sex  possesses  unusually 
asymmetrical  genitalia. 


352  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(31)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  pilosipes  Saylor 

Plate  17,  fig.  5. 

Listrochelus  pulerulus  LeConte,  1863,  Smith.  Mis.  Coll.,  6:78   (not  puherulus  Du  Val, 

1851) ;  Horn,  1878,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  7 :142. 
Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  pilosipes  Saylor,  new  name,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No. 

3095,  p.  76,  f.  11  (1-n). 

Type  locality  :  Cape  San  Lucas. 

Kecorded  distribution :  Santa  Rosa ;  also  Miclielbacher  and  Eoss  material 
from  Triunfo  in  July,  and  San  Bartola  in  July. 

New  records:  Todos  Santos,  X-10-41,  and  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna, 
X-12-il,  both  collected  by  Ross  and  Bohart,  in  Lower  California. 

This  species  is  closely  related  only  to  peninsularis  Saylor,  from  which  it 
differs  especially  in  the  tarsal  claws.  The  Triunfo  specimens  are  somewhat 
more  sparsely  pubescent  on  the  abdomen  than  the  others. 

(32)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  peninsularis  Saylor 

Plate  17,  fig.  6. 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  peninsularis  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095, 
p.  77,  fig.  3  (h,i). 

Type  locality :  Purissima,  October. 

Known  only  by  the  type  series  of  3  specimens.  The  male  genitalia  are  slightly 
asymmetrical.  As  mentioned  under  pilosipes  Saylor  above,  these  two  species 
form  a  characteristic  group  in  f acies  which  is  readily  apparent  in  any  miscel- 
laneous collection  of  specimens. 

(33)  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  mucorea  (LeConte) 

Listrochelus  mucoreus  LeConte,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,   (2),  3:263; 

Horn,  1878,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  7:144;  Bates,  1888,  Biol.  Cent.-Amer.  2,  2:173. 
Listrochelus  texanus  LeConte,  1856, 1.  c,  p.  263 ;  Horn,  1878, 1.  c,  p.  144. 
Listrochelus  ohtusus  LeConte,  1856, 1.  c,  p.  264;  Horn,  1878, 1.  c,  p.  144. 
Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus)  mucorea,  Saylor,  1940,  Proc.  U.  S.    Nat'l.  Mus.,  No.  3095,  p. 

86,  fig.  8  (d-f). 

Type  locality :  Fort  Yuma,  Colorado  River,  California,  in  the  LeConte  col- 
lection. Also,  Eagle  Pass,  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution :  One  of  our  commonest  and  most  widespread  species, 
being  known  from  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Texas,  and  Kansas.  One 
specimen  in  the  Casey  collection  in  the  U.  S.  N.  Museum  from  "Mexico"  is  a 
typical  female.  The  lone  Lower  California  record  is  that  of  Horn  in  1878, 
from  Cape  San  Lucas,  and  I  believe  that  there  is  no  doubt  whatsoever  now 
that  his  record  referred  to  one  of  the  recently  described  Saylor  species  from 
the  Cape  Region ;  I  have  included  this  species  herein,  however,  since  the  species 
should  occur  in  the  more  northern  parts  of  Lower  California  along  the  Cali- 
fornia and  Arizona  borders. 

Since  the  species  of  the  subgenus  Listrochelus  are  so  difficult  to  separate 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOE:  SCAEABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFOBNIA  353 

with  certainty  on  external  characters  alone,  and  since  the  genitalia  of  both 
sexes  possess  excellent  distinguishing  characters,  the  determiner  should 
always  dissect  and  study  the  sexual  organs  of  his  specimens.  Very  detailed 
keys  to  external  characters  are  presented  in  the  1940  revision  of  the  sub- 
genus by  the  writer  (Proc.  U.  S.  National  Museum,  No.  3095,  pp.  59  through 
130),  the  keys  being  given  on  pages  62  through  72,  the  genitalia  of  both  sexes 
and  all  pertinent  anatomical  features  being  figured  in  13  plates  and  155 
figures.  Because  of  the  completeness  of  the  above  work,  and  its  ready  refer- 
ence to  all  interested  parties,  the  extensive  keys  are  not  reproduced  here. 

(34)  PelidnotalucaeLeConte 

Plate  19,  fig.  7. 
Pelidnota  lucae  LeConte,  1863,  New  Spec.  Col.  1 :  78. 

Type  locality  :  San  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Miehelbacher  and  Ross  obtained  a  large  series  of  this  species 
from  various  localities :  San  Bartola,  Miraflores,  Triunfo,  and  Santiago,  all 
collected  in  July,  at  light.  Also  seen  from  "Cabo  San  Lucas." 

The  color  is  normally  rufocastaneous,  with  a  brilliant  greenish  lustre  in 
most  specimens,  but  some  few  individuals  have  no  greenish  tinge  at  all ;  in 
many  individuals  the  head  and  thorax  appear  almost  entirely  greenish  with 
a  piceous  undercolor.  Varies  from  13  to  22  mm.  in  length. 

(35)  Anomala  peninsularis  Schaeffer 

Plate  19,  fig.  5. 

Anomala  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  1906,  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  14:3,-  Schaeffer,  1907, 
I.  c,  p.  70. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Rosa. 

New  records  :  118  specimens  were  obtained  by  Miehelbacher  and  Ross  from 
various  locations  on  the  peninsula :  Triunfo  on  July  7  to  15,  Miraflores  on 
July  8  to  10,  San  Bartola  on  July  13  to  15,  Santiago  on  July  8,  and  San  Pedro 
on  July  6. 

This  species  is  apparently  limited  to  Lower  California,  and  all  specimens 
are  testaceous,  with  rufous  head  and  thorax,  and  all  highly  polished  above ; 
the  thorax  may  vary  to  rufocastaneous  or  may  even  have  castaneous  cloud- 
ings. The  size  varies  but  little,  from  9-12  mm. 

(36)  Anomala  fla villa  Bates 

Anomala  flavilla  Bates,  1888,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  2(2)  :227. 

Type  locality:  Tres  Marias  Islands,  and  Ventanas  (in  Durango,  Mexico). 
Recorded  distribution :  Mexico  and  Tres  Marias  Islands. 
This  species  was  not  taken  by  Miehelbacher  and  Ross,  and  the  specific  char- 
acters are  discussed  later  herein  in  the  species  key. 


354  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(37)  Anomala  flavilla  centralis  LeConte 

Plate  19,  fig.  6. 

Anomala  centralis  LeConte,  1863,  New  Spec.  Col.  1:78;  Horn,  1884,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent. 
Soc,  11:159;  Bates,  1888,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.  2(2):226;  Schaeffer,  1906,  Jour. 
N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  14 : 2 ;  Schaeffer,  1907, 1.  c,  p.  69. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  northern 

Mexico. 

Not  taken  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross  but  a  fairly  common  species  in  most 
large  collections.  Other  than  the  color  differences,  I  am  unable  to  separate 
this  from  flavilla  Bates  and  have  therefore  listed  it  as  a  subspecies  of  the  latter. 

(38)  Anomala  raydoma  Saylor,  new  species 

Male:  Robust  oval,  slightly  wider  behind.  Glabrous  above.  Color  testaceous 
with  piceous  cloudings  along  elytral  sutures,  edges  of  elytra;  midapex  of 
thorax  Avith  one  large  piceous  spot,  this  most  frequently  triangular  in  shape 
but  very  variable  and  often  widening  to  one-half  or  more  the  thoracic  width  ; 
rarely  the  elytra  infused  with  considerably  more  piceous  than  usual;  head 
usually  rufous.  Head  with  front  and  clypeus  flat  and  very  coarsely,  somewhat 
variolately  punctate,  the  surface  rough  and  somewhat  scabrose;  suture  of 
clypeus  straight  and  hardly  impressed ;  clypeus  moderately  long,  sides  sub- 
parallel,  angles  broadlj^  rounded,  apex  subrounded,  entire  outline  quadrate 
with  well-rounded  angles,  all  margins  noticeably  reflexed.  Antenna  testaceous, 
9-segmented ;  club  fairly  long  and  nearly  subequal  in  length  to  entire  stem 
of  antenna.  Thorax  with  all  margins  strongly  indicated  and  complete,  with 
a  few  cilia  laterally,  all  angles  very  obtuse,  sides  semirounded;  disc  very 
finely  and  moderately  densely  punctate.  Elytra  somewhat  rugose,  glabrous, 
moderately  densely  punctate.  Fygidium  very  convex,  scabrosely  punctate, 
with  a  few  erect  hairs,  especially  apically.  Fore  tibia  strongly  bidentate,  with 
no  trace  of  a  third  tooth.  Front  inner  claw  small,  twisted  slightly  back  upon 
its  base,  and  with  a  very  faint  hairlike  tooth  on  the  inner  side ;  outer  claw 
small,  not  twisted,  and  entire.  Middle  legs  with  outer  claw  distinctly  cleft, 
inner  a  little  smaller  and  entire.  Both  claws  hind  legs  long  and  entire. 

Female:  Antennal  club  ovate,  subequal  in  length  to  funicle.  Inner  claw 
both  front  and  middle  tarsi  not  twisted  but  strongly  cleft.  Hind  claws  long, 
simple,  the  inner  a  little  shorter.  Length  8-9.5  mm.  Width  4^5.5  mm. 

The  male  Holotype  (C.A.S.  No.  5693)  is  from  Santiago,  Lower  California, 
July  8,  collected  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross,  and  the  female  Allotype  (C.A.S. 
No.  5694)  is  from  San  Domingo,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  on  July 
19.  Numerous  paratypes  of  both  sexes  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross 
at  the  same  localities  as  the  types,  and  other  from :  5  miles  S.  of  Miraflores  on 
July  10,  8  miles  NE.  of  Cape  San  Lucas  on  July  10, 15  miles  N.  of  El  Refugio 
on  July  4,  Venancio  on  July  17,  Chapala  Dry  Lake  on  June  21,  20  miles  N.  of 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCASABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORXIA  355 

Comondu  on  July  23,  Coyote  Cove  in  Concepcion  Bay  on  July  24,  San  Ignacio 
on  June  24,  and  San  Miguel  on  July  3. 

The  species  is  relatively  common  and  should  have  been  described  ere  now, 
but  I  am  unable  to  find  an  established  name  for  it ;  possibly  it  has  been  mixed 
with  flavilla  Bates  in  most  collections,  and  indeed  I  have  received  specimens 
of  this  species  and  flavilla  and  centralis,  all  determined  by  Ohaus  as  flavilla, 
so  that  the  species  is  often  confused,  even  by  experts.  The  key  points  out  the 
essential  differences  between  the  above-mentioned  species : 

Key  to  Lower  Californian  Anomala 

1.  Anterior  tibia  definitely  bidentate;  head  with  front  and  vertex  very  closely  seabrose,  the 

vertex  entirely  covered  with  transverse  rugosities,  the  greater  part  of  vertex  with 
none  or  few  definitely  separate  punctures  visible;  male  antennal  club  long,  nearly 
subequal  to  the  entire  stem;  color  testaceous  with  head  rufous,  the  markings  of  thorax 
consisting  of  a  single,  usually  triangularly  shaped  pieeous  spot,  or  irregularly  piceous 
in  the  anterior  %,  never  entirely  testaceous  and  never  with  two  distinctly  separated 

piceous  spots.  L.  Calif raydoma,  new  species 

Anterior  tibia  definitely  tridentate,  very  rarely  the  upper  tooth  subobsolete  but  even  then 
barely  visible  as  such;  front  coarsely  rugose  near  clypeal  suture  but  the  largest  part 
of  vertex  densely  and  coarsely  punctate  and  the  punctures  definitely  separated.  Male 
club  definitely  smaller,  usually  subequal  to  funicle  or  a  little  longer;  thoracic  color 
testaceous,  the  disc  entirely  testaceous  or  with  two  distinctly  separated  piceous 
spots    .^ 

2.  Thoracic  disc  always  with  two  distinct,  large  piceous  spots,  one  on  each  side  of  middle, 

and  often  a  much  smaller  piceous  sublateral  spot ;  elytral  margins  with  narrow  black 
border,  this  often  widened  and  in  some  few  individuals  the  elytra  are  entirely  black 
except  for  an  irregular  testaceous  line  covering  about  the  central  third  of  each  ely- 
tron; common  in  Calif.,  Ariz.,  and  northern  Mexico flavilla  Bates 

Dorsal  coloration  entirely  testaceous,  the  thorax  always  entirely  unicolorous  and  the  elytra 
usually  with  a  very  narrow  black  marginal  border.  California 

flavilla  var.  centralis  LeConte 

(39)  Cyclocephala  dimidiata  Burmeister 

Plate  15,  fig.  2. 

Cyclocephala  dimidiata  Burmeister,  1847,  Hand,  der  Ent.,  5:57;  Saylor,  1937,  Pomona 

Jour.  Ent.  Zool.,  39:70  (as  Dichromina) . 
Cyclocephala  dimidiata,  Saylor,  1945,  Jr.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  35 : 382,  f.  1  (h,  1,).  (Eevision  of 

U.  S.  Species.) 
Ochrosidia  ocularis  Casey,  1915,  Mem.  Coleop.,  6 :  162. 
Cyclocephala  elegans  Horn,  1871,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  3 :337. 

In  the  present  species,  as  well  as  all  Cyclocephala  discussed  herein,  I  have 
omitted  all  except  the  most  important  or  pertinent  references,  since  these 
have  just  been  reviewed  in  detail  by  the  writer  in  the  recently  published 
"Synoptic  Revision  of  the  U.  S.  Scarab  Beetles  of  the  Subfamily  Dynastinae, 
No.  I :  Tribe  Cyclocephalini,"  in  the  Jour,  of  the  Wash.  Academy  of  Sciences, 
December,  1945,  Volume  35,  number  12.  As  explained  therein,  the  Dynastine 
bibliography  is  now  so  extensive  and  detailed  in  most  genera  that  very  little 
is  to  be  gained  by  citing  every  unimportant  reference,  if  a  complete  list  is 
reasonably  available. 


356  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Type  locality.  "Mexico." 

Recorded  distribution :  This  common  species  ranges  from  Arkansas  and 
through  the  entire  southwestern  United  States,  to  Mexico,  Lower  California, 
and  through  Central  and  South  America. 

This  scarab  beetle  has  been  recorded  as  damaging  green  fruits  and  leaves 
of  fruit  trees,  roses,  and  walnuts,  and  also  the  grass  of  lawns.  Closely  related 
to  longnla  LeConte  in  the  male  genitalia  (a  little  longer  parameres  there), 
this  species  differs  mainly  in  the  constant  coloration  as  well  as  the  ovate 
antennal  club,  the  same  beiiig  very  well  developed  in  longida. 

(40)  Cyclocephalahirta  LeConte 

Plate  15,  fig.  1. 

Cyclocephala  Mrta  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  p.  346;   Casey, 

1915,  Mem.  Coleop.  6:132  (as  Spilosota). 
Cyclocephala  Mrta,  Saylor,  1945,  Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  35 :  384. 

See  the  Saylor  reference  above  for  a  complete  bibliography  for  this  species, 
which  has  appeared  under  the  names  of  magister  Casey,  palidissima  Casey, 
inconspicua  Casey,  nuheculina  Casey,  and  lurida  Bland. 

The  mentum  is  very  strongly  acuminate  and  pointed,  with  the  maxilla 
emerging  from  the  sides  of  the  "point."  The  maxilla  have  only  three  minute, 
hardly  discernible  teeth.  The  species  is  usually  testaceous,  with  castaneous 
and  irregular  cloudings  on  the  thorax  and  elytra;  most  of  the  Arizona  and 
Texas  forms  are  entirely  testaceous. 

Recorded  distribution:  A  widely  distributed  species,  ranging  from  Cali- 
fornia, Utah,  Nevada,  Arizona,  and  Texas,  into  Lower  California  (the  more 
northern  parts). 

(41)  Cyclocephala  longula  LeConte 

Plate  15,  fig.  3. 

Cyclocephala  longula  LeConte,  1863,  New  Species  of  Coleoptera,  1:79;  Casey,  1915,  Mem. 

Coleop.,  6:158  (as  Ochrosidia). 
Cyclocephala  longula,  Saylor,  1945,  Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  35 : 384,  f.  1  (g,  m,  o). 

The  extensive  biblography  of  this  species  is  given  in  the  Saylor  paper  above, 
and  the  11  Casey  synonyms  and  others  are  listed. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas. 

Recorded  distribution :  Very  widely  distributed  in  Oregon,  Arizona,  Utah, 
all  parts  of  California  and  into  Lower  California.  Michelbacher  and  Ross 
secured  extensive  series  throughout  the  peninsula. 

The  species  is  commonly  attracted  to  lights  in  the  summer  months;  the  color 
varies  very  little,  and  the  elongate  form  and  sharply  reflexed  clypeus  will 
readily  place  the  species.  Very  close  to  dimidiata  Burmeister  in  male  genital 
characters  but  especially  different  in  the  much  longer  antennal  club  of  both 
sexes,  and  the  forked  front  claw  in  the  male  of  dimidiata  being  here  at  most 
finely  cleft,  or  entire. 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCAEABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  357 

(42)  Oyclocephala  pasadenae  (Casey) 

Plate  15,  fig.  4. 

OcJirosidia  pasadenae  Casey,  1915,  Mem.  Coleop.,  6:148;  Saylor,  1937,  Pomona  Jour.  Ent. 

and  Zool.,  39:70  (as  CyclocepliaJa). 
Cyclocepliala  pasadenae,  Saylor,  1945,  Jour.  "Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  35 : 385,  f.  1  (e). 

The  species  is  completely  reviewed  in  the  Saylor  paper  cited  above  and  the 
numerous  Casey  synonyms  listed. 

Recorded  distribution :  A  common  species  throughout  southern  California, 
Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Texas,  and  into  Lower  California  (V.  Trinidad,  Saylor 
Collection). 

New  records :  Michelbacher  and  Ross  secured  series  at  Comondu  July  22, 
at  Santo  Tomas  August  3,  and  at  San  Miguel  on  July  3. 

This  common  species  apparently  does  not  vary  very  much  in  any  of  its 
external  features.  I  feel  certain  that  all  previous  records  of  immaculata 
(Oliver)  occurring  in  Lower  California  refer  to  this  species. 

Since  complete  taxonomic  keys  are  given  to  both  sexes  of  the  Cyclocephala 
occurring  in  Lower  California,  in  the  Saylor  paper  cited  above,  they  are  not 
repeated  here,  and  the  reader  is  referred  to  that  revisional  study  for  further 
details  of  the  species. 

(43)  Ligyrus  laevicollis  Bates 

Plate  19,  fig.  1. 

Ligyrus  laevicollis  Bates,  1888,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.  2(2)  :316;  Casey  1915,  Mem.  Coleop., 
6:190  (as  Grylius)  ;  Cartwright  1944,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  37:35;  Saylor,  1946, 
Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  36 :44,  f.  1. 

Ligyrus  iryanti  Kivers,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  ser.  2,  3 :97;  Saylor,  1946, 1.  c,  p.  44. 

The  species  is  adequately  discussed  in  the  writer's  revision  of  the  U.  S. 
species  in  the  genus  in  the  paper  cited  above,  entitled  "Synoptic  Revision  of 
the  U.  S.  Scarab  Beetles  of  the  subfamily  Dynastinae,  No.  3 :  Tribe  Oryctini 
(part)."  It  varies  in  color  from  rufous  and  highly-polished  specimens  of  18 
mm.  i^  length,  to  large  piceous  or  black,  semidull  specimens  as  large  as 
28  mm. ;  however,  the  male  genitalia  of  all  the  variables  are  identical.  The 
smoothness  of  the  impunctate  first  elytral  interval  is  very  characteristic  of 
the  species. 

Type  locality :  "Baja  California." 

Recorded  distribution :  Baja  California  and  the  west  coast  of  Mexico  as  far 
south  as  Acapulco ;  also  recorded  by  Bates  as  far  south  as  British  Honduras, 
though  this  may  be  an  erroneous  specific  determination,  and  very  probably  is. 
I  have  also  seen  one  female  specimen  29  mm.  long  from  Phoenix,  Arizona. 

(44)  Ligyrus  gibbosus  (DeGeer) 

Plate  19,  fig.  2. 

Scarataeus  gihiosus  DeGeer,  1774,  Memoires  pour  servir  a  I'histoire  des  insectes,  4:322; 

Casey,  1915,  Mem.  Coleop.,  6:204  (as  Ligyrus). 
Ligyrus  gibbosus,  Saylor,  1946,  Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  36:42. 


358  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

» 

This  species  has  an  unusually  extensive  bibliography,  having  been  cata- 
logued under  at  least  five  genera  and  Casey  ha^dng  described  no  less  than  23 
synonyms  of  it,  and  other  authors  had  added  several  more.  The  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  the  Saylor  paper  cited  above  for  complete  history  and  details  on 
the  species. 

Kecorded  distribution :  Nearly  the  entire  United  States,  and  the  northern 
parts  of  Lower  California.  Occurs  also  in  Mexico.  I  have  examined  nearly 
1300  examples  in  my  studies  of  this  species. 

Commonly  known  as  the  carrot-muck  beetle,  this  species  breeds  in  all  types 
of  soil  rich  in  organic  matter,  and  both  larvae  and  adults  are  known  to  feed 
underground  on  many  plants,  some  of  them  of  economic  importance,  such  as 
Guayule,  sugarbeets,  potatoes,  carrots,  and  other  root  crops. 

(45)  Oxygrylius  ruginasus  (LeConte) 

Plate  19,  fig.  3. 

Ligyrus  ruginasus  LeConte,  1856,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  8:20;  Casey,  1915, 

Mem.  Coleop.,  6:209  (as  Oxygrylius). 
Oxygrylius  peninsular  is  Casey,  1915,  1.  c,  p.  209;  Saylor,  1946,  Jour.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci., 

36:44,  f.l. 

Recorded  distribution :  A  very  common  species  in  all  parts  of  Lower  Cali- 
fornia and  northern  Mexico  and  Sonoran  regions  (Sinaloa,  etc.) .  Rarer  in  the 
United  States,  being  known  from  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  California. 

I  have  examined  nearly  400  examples  of  this  species  and  all  possess  both 
the  midapical  thoracic  tubercle  and  the  small  to  moderate  fovea  behind  the 
tubercle^  the  differences  between  individuals  being  mostly  in  size  and  slightly 
in  color. 

(46)  Megasoma  thersites  LeConte 

Megasoma  thersites  LeConte,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Phila.,  p.  336. 
Megasomina  thersites,  Casey,  1915,  Mem.  Coleop.  6:263. 

Recorded  distribution  :  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Arizona :  Coyote  Mts.,  3500  ft.,  August  (Saylor  Collection)  ; 
Lower  California :  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  at  San  Venancio  on 
October  8. 

Easily  separated  in  the  male  from  all  U.  S.  dynastids  by  the  combination 
of  the  strongly  bifurcate  clypeal  horn,  combined  with  the  sharp  tooth  of  each 
front  thoracic  angle,  and  the  moderate  to  short,  narrow,  erect,  weakly  bifur- 
cate horn  of  the  mid-disc  of  thorax.  The  female  is  readily  separable  from  the 
female  Strategus  by  the  widely  separated  front  teeth  on  the  apex  of  the  cly- 
peus  (one  at  each  side  angle),  as  well  as  the  sharp,  bidentate  mandibles  and 
the  nonmargined  center  base  of  the  thorax.  Male  genitalia  apparently  in- 
separable from  those  of  Dynastes  tityus  (Linnaeus). 


Vol.  XXIV]     SAYLOB:  SCARABAEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  359 

(47)  Phileurus  illatus  LeConte 

Plate  19,  fig.  4. 

Phileurus  illatus  LeConte,  1854,  Proc.  Acad.  N.  S.  Philadelphia,  7:80;  Casey,  1915,  Mem. 
Coleop.  6:267;  Eitcher,  1944,  Bull.  467  of  Ky.  Agrie.  Exp.  Sta.,  p.  43  (Larvae). 

Phileurus  vitulus  LeConte,  1866, 1.  c,  p.  80 ;  Cazier,  1939,  Bull.  S.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  38 :170. 

Phileurus  phoenicis  Casey,  1915, 1.  c,  p.  267 ;  Cazier,  1939, 1.  c,  p.  170. 

Phileurus  puncticollis  Casey,  1915, 1.  c,  p.  268 ;  Cazier,  1939, 1.  c,  p.  170. 

Goniophileurus  femoratus  (Burmeister),  Kolbe,  1910,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Belg.,  LIV:149  and 
344  (pars) ;  Arrow,  1937,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  86 :86  and  90 ;  Cazier,  1939,  L  c, 
p.  170 ;  Blackwelder,  1944,  Bull.  U.  S.  Nat'l.  Mus.  #  185,  pars  2,  p.  257. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona,  southern  California,  northern  Mexico, 
Lower  California. 

New  records  :  Taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  at  Triunf  o,  on  July  7. 

Several  incorrect  citations  and  much  controversy  concerning  this  species 
have  appeared  since  Kolbe  in  1910  described  the  genus  Goniophilenrus  for 
femoratus  Burmeister,  and  placed  illatus  LeConte  and  vitulus  LeConte  as 
synonyms  of  it.  As  explained  in  more  detail  in  part  IV  of  the  author's 
"Synoptic  Revision  of  the  U.  S.  Scarab  Beetles  of  the  Subfamily  Dynastinae" 
(now  in  manuscript  in  the  Washington  Academy  of  Sciences),  the  mandibles 
of  our  species  are  quite  simple,  and  not  toothed  as  Kolbe  claims,  and  our 
species  apparently  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  French  Guianan  femoratus^ 
and  the  literature  should  be  so  corrected. 

Recorded  from  the  trunks  of  trees  in  the  larval  state  in  Arizona  {Das- 
ylirion) .  I  have  also  seen  a  specimen,  apparently  of  this  species,  from  the 
Rancho  La  Brea  tar  pits  in  southern  California,  probably  representing  a  ( ?) 
Pleistocene  Period  specimen. 

The  two  LeConte  sjaionyms  of  illatus  and  vitulus,  as  well  as  the  two  Casey 
synonyms  of  phoenicis  and  puncticollis,  are  listed  and  discussed  in  the  Cazier 
paper  listed  above  and  the  reader  is  referred  to  that  paper  for  further  details. 

Recorded  distribution :  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  south  into 
Lower  California,  Venezuela,  Ecuador,  and  Cayenne  (the  type  locality). 

New  records:  Michelbacher  and  Ross  obtained  the  species  at  Triunf o  on 
July  7. 

The  synonymy  of  this  species  has  been  greatly  muddled,  and  the  genus 
Goniophileurus  erected  by  Kolbe  for  this  species  is  invalid  because  the  latter 
author  described  the  mandibles  as  two  or  three  dentate,  whereas  they  are  quite 
simple ;  therefore,  it  is  uncertain  as  to  what  species  the  name  Go7iiophileurus 
applies.  At  any  rate,  I  believe  that  femoratus  is  not  generically  different  from 
our  other  species  such  as  castaneus  Haldemann  or  truncatus  Palisot  de 
Beauvois. 


PLATES 


a.  Male  antennal  club 


PLATE  13 

b.  Lateral  view  of  male  genitalia 


Fig.  1.  Acoma  rohusta  Van  Dyke 

Fig.  2.  Acoma  dilemma  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig.  3.  Acoma  confusa  Van  Dyke  (variety  from  Triunfo) 

Fig.  4.  Acoma  cazieri  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig.  5.  Acoma  rossi  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig.  6.  Acoma  sexfoliata  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig.  7.  Acoma  confusa  Van  Dyke  (variety  from  La  Paz) 


[360] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.  NO.   lO 


CSAYLOR] PLATE  13 


I  A 


2  A 


I  B 


3  A 


7 


4  A 


5  A 


6  A 


[361] 


PLATE  14 

a.  Lateral  view  of  male  genitalia     b.  Idem, — other  view     c.  En-face  view  of  male  genitalia 

rig.  1.  Serica  ensenada  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig.  2.  Serica  rossi  Saylor,  new  species 

Fig,  3.  Serica  sculptilis  Dawson 

Fig.  4.  Serica  micJielhacheri  Saylor,  new  species 


[  362  ] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV,  NO.   10 


CSAYLOR]  PLATE  14 


[  363  ] 


PLATE  15 

a.  Front  male  claws,  inner  view  b.  Front  female  claws,  inner  view 

c.  En-face  view  of  male  genitalia 

Fig.  1.  Cyclocephala  Jiirta  LeConte 
Fig.  2.  Cyclocephala  dimidiata  (Burmeister) 
Fig.  3.  Cyclocephala  longula  LeConte 
Fig.  4.  Cyclocephala  pasadenae  (Casey) 


[364] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD,  SCI.,  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.  NO.  10 


nSAYLOR]  PLATE  15 


[  365] 


PLATE  16 

a.  Lateral  view  of  male  genitalia      b.  Idem, — other  side      c.  En-face  view  of  male  genitalia 

Fig.  1.  Serica  serensia  Saylor,  new  species 
Fig.  2.  Serica  craighead  Saylor 
Fig.  3.  Serica  praetermissa  Dawson 
Fig.  4.  Serica  alternata  alternata  LeConte 


[366  ] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI.,  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    lO 


CSAYLORl  PLATE  16 


Ic 


2a 


2b 


3a 


3c 


3b 


[367] 


PLATE  17 

a.  Lateral  view  of  male  genitalia  b.  Idem, — other  side  c.  En-face  view  of  male  genitalia 
d.  Lateral  view  of  female  genitalia  e.  Female  genitalia 

Fig.  1.  Phyllophaga  michelbacheri  Saylor 
Fig,  2.  Phyllophaga  densicollis  (LeConte) 
Fig.  3.  Phyllophaga  miraflora  Saylor 
Fig.  4.  Phyllophaga  carminator  (Horn) 
Fig.  5.  Phyllophaga  pilosipes  Saylor 
Fig.  6.  Phyllophaga  peninsularis  Saylor 


[368] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.  NO.   10 


CSAYLOR]  PLATE  17 


Id 


N,_ 


IE 


2d 


2e 


'♦.. '■ 


3d 


3e 


4d 


4E 


[  369J 


PLATE  18 

a.  Lateral  view  of  male  genitalia  b.  En-face  view  of  male  genitalia 

c.  and  d.Variations  of  typical  form,  lateral  and  en-face  views 

Fig.  1.  Phyllophaga  densicolUs  (LeConte) 
Fig.  2.  Phyllophaga  miraflora  Saylor 
Fig.  3.  Phyllophaga  carminator  (Horn) 
Fig.  4.  Phyllophaga  michelbacheri  Saylor 


[370] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.  NO.   lO 


[SAYLOR]  PLATE  18 


[371] 


RLATE  19 

a.  En-face  view  male  genitalia         b.  Ventral  view  male  genitalia  e.  Front  claw,  female 

d.  Front  claw,  male  e.  Lateral  view  male  genitalia 

Fig.  1.  Ligyrus  laevicollis  Bates 
Fig.  2.  Ligyrus  gibhosus  (DeGeer) 
Fig.  3.  Oxygrylius  ruginasus  (LeConte) 
Fig.  4.  Phileurus  Hiatus  LeConte 
Fig.  5.  Anomala  peninsularis  Schaeffer 
Fig.  6,  Anomala  centralis  LeConte 
Fig.  7.  Pelidnota  lucae  LeConte 


[372  ] 


PROC.  CALIF.  ACAD.  SCI..  4TH  SERIES.  VOL.  XXIV.   NO.    10 


[SAYLOR]  PLATE  19 


I  A 


2a 


3a 


4a 


[373] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

FOURTH   SERIES 

Vol.  XXIV,  No.  1 1,  pp.  375-484,  pis.  50-^  1  June  11,  1948 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

No.  11 

COLEOPTERA:  HALIPLIDAE,  DYTISCIDAE, 

GYRINIDAE,  HYDROPHILIDAE, 

LIMNEBIIDAE' 

BY 

HUGH  B.  LEECH* 

INTRODUCTION 

IN  SPITE  OF  their  name,  water  beetles  are  not  completely  aquatic.  There  are, 
however,  a  number  of  species  belonging  to  several  distinct  groups,  which 
spend  much  of  their  time  in  the  water.  As  usually  applied,  the  term  "water 
beetle"  refers  to  two  of  these  groups.  The  Hydradephaga  in  our  American 
fauna  includes  the  families  Amphizoidae,  Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae,  and  Gyrin- 
idae,  the  first  of  which  has  not  yet  been  recorded  from  Lower  California.  The 
Palpicornia  contains  the  Hydrophilidae  and  Limnebiidae  in  many  classifica- 
tions, but  recently  the  LimneMidae  has  been  removed  from  the  Hydrophilo- 
idea  to  the  series  Staphylinoidea. 

^  Contribution  No.  2262,  Division  of  Entomology,  Science  Service,  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, Ottawa,  Ont. 

*  Now  Curator  of  Coleoptera,  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  Golden  Gate  Park,  San 
Francisco,  Calif. 

The  original  manuscript  for  this  paper  was  submitted  in  July,  1942.  The  war  having 
caused  delays  in  printing,  an  opportunity  was  taken  to  make  some  corrections  and  additions, 
so  that  the  literature  is  fairly  complete  up  to  1947. 

[  375  ] 


376  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

An  excellent  summary  of  the  habits  of  the  adult  and  immature  stages  of  the 
Dytiscidae,  Gyrinidae,  and  Hydrophilidae  has  been  given  by  W.  V.  Balduf 
(1935). 

There  has  been  no  systematic  treatise  on  the  water  beetles  (Hydradephaga 
and  Palpicornia)  of  Lower  California,  and  our  published  records  consist 
of  one  long  and  some  short  lists  of  species,  several  isolated  descriptions,  and 
a  few  references  in  articles  dealing  with  the  species  of  adjacent  regions. 

In  1861  LeConte  reported  on  some  beetles  collected  in  the  peninsula  by  John 
Xantus  de  Vesey  in  1859-1860  or  earlier;  according  to  Cockerell  (1917 :  55), 
LeConte  received  specimens  from  Xantus  as  early  as  1858.  Five  species  of 
water  beetles  are  mentioned :  Dineutus  suhlineatus  (Chevrolat)  ;  Tropisternus 
calif ornicus  (LeConte) ;  T.  ellipticus  (LeConte) ;  T.  limbalis  (LeConte)  ;  and 
Hydrophilus  triangularis  Say;  this  last  species  has  never  been  recorded  from 
Lower  California  again,  and  LeConte  may  have  misidentified  the  larger  in- 
sularis  Laporte.  Xantus'  collecting  is  thought  to  have  been  done  between  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  and  La  Paz  (Horn  1894 :  302;  Michelbacher  and  Ross  1942 :  2), 
and  this  suggests  that  LeConte's  T.  calif  ornicus  record  was  also  based  on  a 
misidentification.  Horn  (1871)  named  Suphisellus  lineatus  from  specimens 
collected  in  the  Cape  region  by  Gabb.  Crotch  (1873)  described  Deronectes 
addendus  and  D.  funereus  from  Lower  California  material  in  G.  H.  Horn's 
collection,  and  recorded  another  species.  In  his  revisional  studies  on  Hydro- 
philidae (1873 ;  1890)  Horn  cited  the  peninsula  in  the  distribution  of  various 
species.  In  1894  (with  supplements  in  1895  and  1896)  the  same  author  gave 
the  first  real  list  of  species,  describing  Thermonectus  peninsularis  and  Cercyon 
rufescens  as  new.  Fall  (1909)  added  one  new  dy1;iscid,  Suphisellus  levis,  and 
Sharp  (1882)  described  the  hydrophilid  Berosus  metalliceps  from  the  Tres 
Marias  Islands.  Grossbeck  (1912)  listed  five  species  obtained  by  the  U.S.S. 
"Albatross"  Expedition  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  1911. 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  acknowledge  the  aid  of  the  following  persons,  who 
have  most  generously  lent  material,  compared  specimens  with  the  types,  or 
helped  me  to  obtain  necessary  literature :  Drs.  A.  E.  Michelbacher,  Edward 
S.  Ross,  P.  J.  Darlington,  Jr.,  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  Mont  A.  Cazier,  Clinton  G. 
Abbott,  Frank  N.  Young,  A.  d'Orchymont,  and  Messrs.  Jack  Balf  our-Browne, 
C.  F.  Harbison,  W.  J.  Brown,  George  R.  Hopping,  the  late  Ralph  Hopping, 
and  the  late  E.  P.  Van  Duzee.  I  am  equally  indebted  to  Mrs.  D.  K.  Campbell 
(nee  Rita  Beckingham)  for  her  careful  typing  of  the  manuscript. 

DISTRIBUTION 

The  hydradephagid  and  palpicorn  water  beetles  of  Lower  California  have 
been  so  little  collected — for  instance  a  third  of  the  species  recorded  in  this 
paper  have  not  previously  been  reported  from  the  peninsula — that  one  can 
make  only  provisional  remarks  on  the  origin  and  distribution  of  the  fauna. 
I  feel  confident  that  extensive  collecting,  during  both  the  wet  and  dry  seasons, 
would  increase  the  list  by  fifty  per  cent  and  extend  the  ranges  greatly.  The 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  377 

fauna  of  northwestern  Mexico  is  virtually  unreported,  and  explorations  there 
would  probably  discover  several  of  the  species  now  thought  to  be  endemic  in 
the  peninsula. 

At  the  present  time  there  is  a  lack  of  agreement  amongst  authors  who  have 
written  on  the  biotic  provinces  of  the  Nearctic  and  Neotropical  regions.  Un- 
doubtedly this  is  chiefly  a  result  of  the  two  methods  of  approach  which  have 
commonly  been  used.  One  viewpoint,  familiar  to  entomologists,  is  exemplified 
in  the  several  papers  by  Dr.  E.  C.  Van  Dyke ;  he  makes  use  of  ancient  groups 
and  relict  species  whose  present  distribution  coincides  closely  with  ancient 
physiography,  in  arriving  at  his  basic  conclusions.  The  opposite  course,  the 
use  of  groups  now  prolific  and  widespread  in  delimiting  the  present  active 
biotic  provinces,  is  seen  in  the  work  of  Dr.  Hobart  M.  Smith  (1941.  An  analysis 
of  the  biotic  provinces  of  Mexico,  as  indicated  by  the  distribution  of  the  lizards 
of  the  genus  Sceloporus).  In  the  following  notes  I  have  followed  entomological 
usage,  but  admit  that  the  other  point  of  view  is  attractive. 

The  Vancouveran  fauna  is  represented  by  five  species :  Peltodytes  callosus 
(LeConte),  Laccophilus  decipiens  LeConte,  Dytiscus  marginicollis  LeConte, 
Cercyon  fimbriatum  Mannerheim,  and  C.  lunigerum  Mannerheim.  Two  other 
species,  Cymhiodyta  dorsalis  (Motschulsky)  and  Berosus  punctatissimus  Le- 
Conte, probably  belong  in  this  division.  None  of  these  species  has  yet  been 
found  south  of  Rosario. 

The  California  fauna  is  larger,  containing  at  least  fifteen  species.  Some 
typical  examples  areHaliplus  concolor  LeConte,  Desmopachria  latissima  (Le- 
Conte), Deronectes  funereus  (Crotch),  and  Tropisternus  salsamentus  Fall. 

The  Sonoran  and  Neotropical  faunas  are  much  more  difficult  to  separate, 
chiefly  because  of  a  lack  of  distributional  records.  There  are  approximately 
fifteen  species  of  the  former,  and  ten  of  the  latter.  Examples  of  the  Sonoran 
are  Peltodytes  simplex  (LeConte),  Bidessus  amandus  (LeConte),  and  Cy- 
hister  explanatus  LeConte.  The  following  probably  belong  to  the  Neotropical : 
Maerovatellus  mexicanus  Sharp,  Hemiosus  maculatus  Sharp,  Hydrophilus 
insularis  Laporte,  and  Cryptopleurum  impressum  Sharp. 

There  are  ten  species  which  so  far  as  is  known  at  present,  are  endemic  to 
Lower  California ;  but  collections  from  the  east  side  of  the  Gulf  of  California 
will  almost  certainly  shorten  the  list.  Six  of  the  species  show  affinities  with  the 
Neotropical  fauna,  three  with  the  Sonoran,  and  one  with  the  Calif ornian. 

The  dytiscid  Eretes  sticticus  (Linnaeus) ,  recorded  from  Cape  San  Lucas, 
the  Tres  Marias  Islands,  and  Clarion  Island,  is  almost  cosmopolitan  in  distri- 
bution. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  as  yet  there  are  no  genera  of  water  beetles 
known  to  be  endemic  to  Lower  California.  The  fauna  of  the  Cape  Region  is 
not  nearly  so  sharply  differentiated  from  that  of  the  rest  of  the  peninsula,  as 
it  is  in  many  other  families  of  beetles,  perhaps  because  the  aquatics  are 
strong  fliers. 


378  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser, 

PKOCEDURE 

This  article  is  based  chiefly  on  the  fine  collection  made  by  Dr.  and  Mrs.  A.  E. 
Michelbacher  and  Dr.  E.  S.  Eoss  during  their  expedition  of  1938.  Some  inter- 
esting records  are  from  the  earlier  California  Academy  of  Sciences  expeditions 
(C.A.S.).  Dr.  Mont  Cazier  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History 
(A.M.N.H.)  generously  lent  material  from  collections  in  his  charge,  while 
Dr.  Clinton  G.  Abbott  and  Mr.  C.  F.  Harbison  sent  specimens  from  the  San 
Diego  Museum  of  Natural  History  (S.D.M.N.H.).  Mr.  George  R.  Hopping 
and  the  late  Ralph  Hopping  enabled  me  to  see  additional  material,  while  a 
few  records  are  based  on  specimens  in  my  own  collection  which  includes  the 
Gyrinidae,  Eydrophilidae,  and  Limnebiidae  from  the  collection  of  the  late 
Charles  W.  Leng. 

This  paper  gives  identification  keys  for  sub-orders  down  to  species.  The 
main  divisions  of  those  categories  above  species  are  largely  adapted  from  cited 
references,  though  the  choice  of  characters  and  wording  in  individual  couplets 
is  often  original.  All  keys  to  species  are  original. 

It  is  obvious  that  the  fauna  of  Lower  California  is  imperfectly  known.  For 
that  reason  it  seems  best  to  offer  keys  indicating  relationships  for  genera  and 
higher  categories,  rather  than  purely  artificial  ones  which  might  be  quicker 
to  use.  The  "phylogenetic"  keys  should  enable  one  to  reach  a  helpful  place- 
ment for  genera  which  may  yet  be  found  in  the  peninsula,  but  which  are  not 
included  in  the  present  work. 

The  holotype,  allotype,  or  both,  as  well  as  some  of  the  paratypes  of  each 
new  species  described  in  this  paper,  are  deposited  in  the  entomological  col- 
lections of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  The  single  exception  is  for 
Anacaena  sternalis,  the  holotype  of  which  is  retained  in  my  collection. 

It  would  be  helpful  to  state  the  present  location  of  the  types  described  by 
previous  authors,  but  because  of  world  conditions  I  have  not  been  able  to  trace 
those  in  European  museums.  The  LeConte  types  are  in  the  Museums  of  Com- 
parative Zoology  at  Harvard  University,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  those  of  G.  H. 
Horn  chiefly  in  the  Academy  of  Sciences  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  a  few  in  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences  at  San  Francisco ;  G.  R.  Crotch's  types  have 
not  been  segregated,  some  being  in  the  LeConte  collection,  some  in  G.  H. 
Horn's,  and  perhaps  a  few  in  the  Museum  at  Cambridge  University,  England. 
David  Sharp's  types  are  presumably  all  in  the  British  Museum.  A  paper  by 
G.  Severin  (1892)  purports  to  list  the  Chevrolat,  Aube,  Sharp,  and  Regimbart 
types  of  water  beetles  in  the  Musee  d'Histoire  Naturelle,  Brussels ;  but  the 
appended  definition  of  "type"  is  so  inclusive  that  I  have  been  unable  to  use  the 
list. 

In  the  present  paper  an  attempt  has  been  made  to  cite  the  types  of  all  genera 
of  water  beetles  occurring  in  Lower  California,  and  to  give  references  to  the 
original  designations  of  these  genotypes.  This  has  been  successful  for  the 
Ealiplidae,  Dytiscidae,  and  Gyrinidae,  but  for  some  Eydrophilidae  I  lack  too 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECE :  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  379 

much  of  the  early  European  literature.  Genotypes  for  MacrovatelluSj  and 
Suphisellus,  dytiscid  genera,  are  established  in  this  article. 

Water  beetles  may  be  collected  into  70  per  cent  alcohol,  or  into  an  ethyl 
acetate  killing  bottle  (see  Valentine,  1942).  When  preparing  such  material 
for  study  it  is  easy  to  extrude  the  genitalia,  which  will  remain  out  and  save 
one  the  trouble  of  later  relaxing  and  dissecting  the  specimens.  In  a  number 
of  genera  it  is  virtually  impossible  to  distinguish  the  sexes  on  external  char- 
acters, even  with  both  males  and  females  at  hand.  The  male  genitalia  often 
show  excellent  specific  differences,  and  may  give  the  first  indication  that  one's 
series  of  a  species  is  actually  composite.  Separation  of  the  sexes  in  the  various 
families  may  be  made  on  the  basis  of  the  following  list  of  differences : 

(1)  HALiPLrD.\E.  The  first  3  segments  of  the  pro-  and  mesotarsi  are  slightly  broader  or 
pedunculate  in  the  male,  and  clothed  beneath  with  a  dense  pad  of  short  fine  hairs. 

(2)  Dytiscidae.  Males  usually  have  the  first  3  segments  of  the  pro-  and  mesotarsi  wider 
than  do  the  females,  and  clothed  beneath  with  hairs  which  may  be  simple,  dilated  apically, 
or  formed  into  adhesion  disks.  In  males  the  inner  protarsal  claws  may  be  shortened,  strongly 
curved,  sinuate,  or  otherwise  unlike  their  fellows ;  the  pro-  and  mesotibiae  or  femora,  or  the 
metatroehanters,  may  be  curiously  shaped  or  bearded ;  the  metasternum  or  abdominal  ster- 
nites  may  bear  series  of  short  rugae  or  be  strigulose ;  the  antennae  may  have  a  few  segments 
unlike  the  rest.  In  females  of  certain  species  the  pronotum  and  elytra  may  be  opaque  or  more 
coarsely  sculptured,  or  even  fluted. 

(3)  Gyeinidae.  The  protarsi  are  notably  broadened  in  the  male,  and  the  first  four,  or  aU 
five  segments,  are  clothed  beneath  with  dense  pads  of  short  hairs.  In  some  species  of  Dineutus 
the  profemora  of  the  males  have  a  tooth  on  the  anterior  (inner)  edge. 

(4)  Hydrophilidae.  In  many  genera  the  sexes  appear  to  be  indistinguishable  on  external 
characters.  In  other  cases  males  may  be  recognized  by  their  possessing  one  or  more  of  the 
following:  (a)  dilated  pro-  and  mesotarsal  segments;  (b)  modified  pro-,  meso-,  and  meta- 
tarsal claws;  (c)  arched,  sinuate,  or  notched  protibiae  ;  (d)  cristate  or  otherwise  ornamented 
abdominal  sternites;  (e)  modified  mesosternal  areas;  (f)  finer  and  more  polished  dorsal 
sculpture. 

The  descriptions  of  larger  species  have  been  made  while  using  a  binocular 
microscope  giving  a  magnification  of  20  x ;  for  those  of  species  from  6  mm.  to 
3.5  mm.  long,  usually  30  x;  and  for  smaller  beetles,  40  x  to  55  x. 

LITERATURE 

During  the  writing  of  this  article,  every  paper  referred  to  (with  the  excep- 
tion of  those  in  the  bibliography  which  are  preceded  by  an  asterisk)  has  been 
seen.  In  most  cases  I  have  seen  the  originals,  but  sometimes  I  have  had  only 
microfilm  negatives,  photographic  or  photostatic  copies,  author's  separates, 
or  in  a  few  instances  typewritten  copies. 

The  American  literature  on  water  beetles  has  been  found  full  of  incorrect 
citations.  Each  author  seems  to  have  copied  the  mistakes  of  his  predecessors, 
rather  than  bother  to  verify  the  originals.  In  addition,  not  more  than  half  a 
dozen  short  articles,  and  no  large  ones,  have  listed  synonymies  and  references 
at  all  fully.  Accordingly,  special  attention  has  been  paid  to  such  matters  here, 


380  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

and  it  is  hoped  that  the  references  will  be  one  of  the  most  useful  features  of  the 
present  work. 

The  citations  under  each  species  (apart  from  those  necessary  to  show 
synonymy)  are  selected,  and  are  to  papers  containing  descriptions,  notes  of 
interest,  or  illustrations.  Almost  all  the  published  distributional  records  for 
water  beetles  in  Lower  California  are  contained  in  the  references  mentioned 
on  a  preceding  page ;  Horn's  three  lists  are  the  fullest.  Moore's  San  Diego 
County,  California,  list  indicates  some  additional  species  which  are  to  be 
expected  in  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula. 

When  referring  to  David  Sharp's  works,  it  is  hard  to  know  which  generic 
name  to  list  under.  He  believed  that  one  should  always  cite  a  species  with  the 
generic  name  under  which  it  had  been  described  originally.  In  his  monograph 
of  the  Dytiscidae  of  the  world  for  instance,  though  one  finds  the  generic  name 
at  the  beginning  of  the  treatment  of  its  species,  the  species  themselves  may  be 
coupled  with  as  many  different  genera.  In  the  present  paper  each  is  listed 
under  the  genus  in  which  he  placed  it. 

TAXONOMY 

KEY  TO  THE  SUBOEDERS  AND  FAMILIES  OF  WATEE  BEETLES 

OF  LOWEE  CALIFOENIA 

1.  First  visible  abdominal  sternite  divided  bj  metacoxal  cavities,  so  that  its  lateral  portions 

are  separated  from  the  usually  very  small  median  part  (fig.  1)  ;  first  three  visible 
sternites  immovably  united  (less  obviously  so  in  the  Gyrinidae,  which  have  both  a 
dorsal  and  a  ventral  pair  of  eyes,  and  short  irregular  antennae)  ;  antennae  usually 
filiform  or  nearly  so.  Larvae  thysanuriform,  the  tarsi  with  one  or  two  claws.  (Sub- 
order Adephaga) Hydradephaga.  2 

— First  visible  abdominal  sternite  extending  for  its  entire  breadth  behind  the  metacoxal 
cavities.  Larvae  variable,  the  tarsi  and  claws  fused.  (Suborder  Polyphaga) 5 

2.  Eyes  divided,  appearing  as  four:  a  dorsal  and  a  ventral  pair;  antennae  very  short, 

stout  and  irregular,  usually  only  outer  segments  readily  visible;  meso-  and  meta- 
legs  greatly  modified  for  swimming,  short  and  flattened,  tarsal  segments  folding 

fan-like Gyrinidae 

— Eyes  two ;  antennae  elongate,  slender ;  meso-  and  metalegs  never  very  short  and  flattened, 
tarsi  never  lamellif orm  and  folding  fan-wise 3 

3.  Metalegs  modified  for  svdmming;   at  least  metatarsi  flattened  or  fringed  with  long 

hairs    4 

— Metalegs  not  fitted  for  swimming;  metatarsi  not  flattened  or  fringed  with  hairs,  but 
simple  and  carabid-like.  (Slow-moving  blackish  beetles  12  to  14  mm.  long,  found 
clinging  to  stones,  logs  and  debris  in  streams  and  rivers ;  not  recorded  from  Lower 
California,  though  known  from  San  Diego  Co.,  Calif.) Amphizoidae 

4.  Metasternum  with  a  transverse,  triangular  antecoxal  sclerite,  separated  by  a  well-marked 

suture  (fig.  2).  Metacoxae  forming  large  plates  covering  bases  of  hind  femora;  legs 
hardly  modified  for  swimming,  metatarsi  slightly  flattened,  and  fringed  with  long 

hairs.  Small  beetles,  4.5  mm.  or  less  in  length Haliplidae 

— Metasternum  without  an  antecoxal  sclerite.  Metacoxae  not  forming  plates  over  bases  of 
metafemora;  metalegs  distinctly  modified  for  swimming,  tarsal  segments  flattened 
and  margined  vath  long  golden  hairs  (which,  as  in  the  Haliplidae,  are  usually  closely 
applied  to  the  tarsi  in  dry  specimens) Dytiscidae 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  381 

5.  Metacoxae  widely  separated,  laminate;  tarsi  three-segmented;  antennae  with  eight  seg- 

ments. (Very  tiny  black  or  bro^vn  beetles,  0.5  mm.  or  less  in  length;  elytra  truncate 
apically,  abdomen  conical  and  protruding  beyond  tips  of  elytra;  maxillary  palpi 
less  than  half  as  long  as  antennae.  Not  yet  reported  from  Lower  California) 

Hydroscaphidae 

— Metacoxae  not  laminate ;  at  least  one  pair  of  tarsi  with  more  than  three  segments ;  larger 

beetles,  over  1  mm.  long 6 

6.  Maxillary  palpi  relatively  long  and  slender,  almost  always  as  long  as  or  longer  than  the 

short  antennae;  antennae  six-  to  ten-segmented,  outer  segments  forming  a  distinct, 

pubescent,  sometimes  asymmetric  club.  (Palpicomia) 7 

" — Maxillary  palpi  much  shorter  than  antennae ;  if  rarely  comparable  to  antennae  in  length, 
the  elytral  alula  is  absent  and  the  last  tarsal  segment  abnormally  long 8 

7.  Antennal  club  of  five  pubescent  segments.  First  four  tarsal  segments  on  all  legs  short, 

subequal,  fifth  nearly  as  long  as  or  longer  than  four  preceding  together.  Trans- 
verse suture  of  head  (fig.  14)  not  joined  at  middle  by  a  posterior  median  suture. 
Venation  of  flying  wings  staphylinidiform.  Tiny  beetles  not  over  2.5  mm.  in  length. 

Limnebiidae 
— Antennal  club  of  fewer  than  five  segments.  Abdomen  with  only  five  visible  sternites ;  if 
a  sixth  is  present,  it  is  membraneous  (Hydrochus)  or  more  or  less  retracted  under 
fifth  {Berosus,  Laccotius,  etc.).  Transverse  suture  of  head,  when  present,  directed 
angularly  backward  at  middle,  where  it  meets  median  coronal  suture,  the  whole 
forming  a  Y  (fig.  13).  Venation  of  flying  wings  cantharidiform Hydrophilidae 

8.  Procoxae  transverse,  more  or  less  cylindrical (not  treated  here).  Dryopidae 

— Procoxae  globular , (not  treated  here) .  Elmidae 

Family  HALIPLIDAE 
Key  to  Genera  of  Haliplidae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Apical  segment  of  maxillary  and  labial  palpi  cone-shaped,  longer  than  penultimate; 

metacoxal  plates  concealing  all  but  last  of  abdominal  sternites Peltodytes 

—Apical  segment  of  maxillary  and  labial  palpi  subulate,  small,  shorter  than  penultimate ; 

metacoxal  plates  concealing  only  first  three  abdominal  sternites Haliplus 

Genus  Peltodytes  Regimbart 

Peltodytes  Eegimbart,  1878,  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  (5)8:457. 

Cnemidotus  Erichson,  1832,  Genera  Dyticeorum,  p.  19  (not  Cnemidotus  lUiger,  1802). ^ 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  caesus  Duf tschmid  1805  (=  Dytiscus  impressus  Panzer, 
1794) ;  the  only  species  mentioned  by  Erichson. 

Two  fairly  recent  keys  to  the  Nearctie  species  are  by  Matbeson,  1912,  and 
Roberts,  1913.  There  are  also  keys  in  Zimmermann's  papers  of  1919  and  1924. 

As  in  Haliplus,  the  two  parameres  of  the  male  genitalia  are  dissimilar.  The 
left  paramere  is  more  elongate,  tipped  with  hairs,  and  in  its  modifications 
offers  some  characters  for  specific  separations.  The  right  paramere  is  shorter, 
broad,  and  varies  but  little  in  shape. 

The  two  following  species  are  each  about  3.5  mm.  long. 

KJEY  TO  THE  Species  of  Peltodytes  of  Lower  California 

1.  Each  elytron  with  a  median  black  callosity  on  third  stria;  head  usually  reddish-brown  at 
base ;  pronotum  with  a  small  black  spot  on  each  side  of  middle,  at  base ;  elytra  with  a 

2  F.  Balf  our-Browne,  1940 :  202,  cites  this  as :  "Erichson,  1832,  Mon.  Dytisc. :  189  {Cnemi- 
dotus)" but  I  have  been  unable  to  find  any  such  reference. 


382  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

few  small  black  spots  posterior  to  callosities;  prosternal  process  narrowed  and 
grooved  between  front  coxae;  metasternum  depressed  between  mesocoxae;  meta- 
femora  reddish-brown,  paler  towards  apices;  metacoxal  plates  broadly  rounded  pos- 
teriorly; elytra  not  dentate  near  apex (1)  callosus 

— Elytra  without  callosities;  head  not  darker  basally;  pronotum  with  a  large  black  spot  on 
each  side  of  middle,  at  base;  each  elytron  with  seven  rather  small  black  spots; 
prosternal  process  only  slightly  narrowed,  but  not  grooved,  between  front  coxae; 
metasternum  nearly  flat  between  mesocoxae, not  depressed;  metafemora  dark  reddish- 
brown,  not  paler  apically;  metacoxal  plates  subangulate  posteriorly;  each  elytron 
with  a  small  tooth  at  apical  four-fifths (2)  simplex 

(1)  Peltodytes  callosus  (LeConte) 

Cnemidotus  callosus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:201;  Crotch,  1873, 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:385. 
Peltodytes  callosus,  Matheson,  1912,  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  20 :  173 ;  Egberts,  1913,  N.  Y 

Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  21:111 ;  Zimmermann,  1919,  Archivf.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(A.12)  :69. 

ZiMMERMANN,  1924,  Ent.  Blatter  20(1)  :11. 

Readily  distinguislied  by  the  black  callosity  on  the  third  stria  at  the  middle 
of  each  elytron.  Not  previously  reported  from  Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  "San  Francisco  et  San  Diego,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  British  Columbia ;  Washington ;  Oregon ;  Califor- 
nia; Utah;  New  Mexico. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14  (stream) ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2  (irrigation  ditch).  Two  males  and  a 
female  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(2)  Peltodytes  simplex  (LeConte) 

(Figure  11) 

Cnemidotus  simplex  LeConte,  1852.  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5 :201. 
Peltodytes  simplex,  Matheson,  1912,  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  20:174;  Egberts,  1913,  N.  Y. 
Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  21:112;  Zimmermann,  1924,  Ent.  Blatter  20(1) :  12. 

The  two  black  pronotal  spots  are  larger  in  specimens  from  the  more  southern 
parts  of  Lower  California,  and  may  even  have  a  narrow  basal  extension 
reaching  almost  to  the  posterior  angles.  I  have  not  found  any  constant  differ- 
ence between  this  material  and  a  series  from  California. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California ;  Lower  California ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 
Sharp  gives  Mexico :  Jalapa,  Oaxaca,  Guanajuato,  though  noting  that  speci- 
mens from  the  first  two  localities  are  narrower  and  less  coarsely  sculptured 
than  Calif omian  examples ;  they  later  proved  to  be  P.  ovalis  Zimmermann. 

New  records :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June  14 ;  Twenty  miles 
south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3 ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2.  Triunf o,  July 
13.  Twenty-three  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  383 


Genus  Haliplus  Latreille 

Haliplus  Latkeille,  1802,  Hist.  Nat. . . .  des  crustaces  et  des  insectes,  3:77 
Cnemidotus  Illiger,  1802,  Mag.  f.  insecktenkunde,  1(3  &  4)  :297.  (not  Cnemidotus  Erich- 
son,  1832,  wMch  is  Peltodytes  Regimbart). 

Genotype:  Dytiscus  impressus  Fabricius,  1787  {=Dytiscus  ruficolUs  De- 
geer,  1774) ;  designated  by  Latreille,  1810 :  426. 

Recent  literature  on  the  species  of  North  America  north  of  Mexico  includes 
Matheson,  1912;  Roberts,  1913 ;  Zimmermann,  1924;  and  the  fine  revision  by 
WaUis,  1933. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Haliplus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Mid-metasternum  (the  raised  area  between  and  behind  mesocoxae)  with  a  round  fovea 
one  each  side,  just  behind  inner  hind  margin  of  mesocoxae ;  prosternal  process  vir- 
tually parallel-sided,  acutely  margined (3)concolor 

— Mid-metasternum  without  a  large  fovea  on  each  side  of  middle,  though  usually  with  a 
longitudinal  impression  within  the  margin;  prosternal  process  wider  at  base  than  at 
apex,  sides  with  heavy  thick  margins (4)  rugosus 

(3)  Haliplus  concolor  LeConte 

Haliplus  concolor  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:201;  Crotch,  1873,  Am. 

Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:384;  Matheson,  1912,  N.Y.  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  20:164;  Eoberts, 

1913,  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  21 :  105. 
Haliplus  (Liaphlus)  concolor,  Wallis,  1933,  Roy.  Canad.  Inst.,  Trans.  19(1)  :72,  and  fig.  38. 

Length  2.5  to  3  mm.  Dark  ferrugineous,  occasionally  with  indistinct  macu- 
lations.  Elytral  margins  feebly  serrulate,  humeri  not  in  the  least  asperate, 
shining  and  almost  smooth,  with  only  a  few  punctures;  basal  punctures  of 
lateral  rows  not  conspicuously  enlarged,  though  evidently  larger  than  those 
near  suture.  Prosternal  process  with  sides  scarcely  divergent  apically,  nearly 
parallel,  apex  acutely  margined ;  very  feebly  convex  throughout,  not  hollowed 
out  apically.  Mid-metasternum  with  a  deep  pit  on  each  side,  margins  fine  but 
long. 

Tj^e  locality :  "Specimen  unicum  ad  flumen  Colorado,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14  (stream) .  One  female  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(4)  Haliplus  rugosus  Roberts 

Haliplus  rugosus  Roberts,  1913,  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  21(2)  :103 ;  Wallis,  1933,  Roy. 
Canad.  Inst.,  Trans.  19(1)  :  45. 

This  species  is  unknown  to  me  except  by  description.  Mr.  J.  Balfour -Browne 
reports  it  as  present  in  the  British  Museum  collections,  labelled  as  follows : 
"Lower  California,  N.  Boundary,  Godman-Salvin  coll." 


384  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Pr.oc.  4th  Ser. 

H.  rugosus  is  said  to  be  4  mm.  long,  and  to  have  the  elytra  uniformly  rufous 
except  for  a  small  central  patch  of  testaceous  extending  from  the  sixth  stria 
to  the  lateral  margin.  The  elytral  humeri  are  smooth,  not  asperate. 

Type  locality :  "California." 

(5)  Haliplussp. 

Mr.  Balfour -Browne  mentions  also  a  male  of  another  species,  as  yet  uniden- 
tified, which  carries  the  same  locality  data  as  their  rugosus. 

Family  DYTISCID  AE 

There  is  at  present  no  unanimity  among  authors  as  to  the  higher  categories 
in  the  Dytiscidae.  The  two  best-known  systems  proposed  are  those  of  Sharp 
(1882)  and  Zimmermann  (1919,  and  1930-35).  Bertrand  (1927,  1928)  has 
given  a  classification  based  on  the  immature  stages. 

The  most  recent  opinion  is  that  of  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1940),  who  reviews 
the  subject,  though  he  does  not  mention  Zimmermann's  papers.  Balfour- 
Browne's  work  is  based  largely  on  the  fauna  of  the  British  Isles.  He  gives  his 
conclusions  in  a  chart  of  relationships,  which  stresses  the  distinctness  of  the 
Noterinae.  Unfortunately  his  treatment  is  not  satisfactory  for  the  Nearctic 
fauna.  Thus,  though  I  am  not  in  agreement  with  all  of  Zimmermann's  group- 
ings, most  of  the  following  key  has  been  adapted  from  the  Bradley  translation 
and  rearrangement  of  his  1919  tables. 

Brues  and  Melander  (1932)  have  given  another  key  to  the  subfamilies.  It 
differs  from  Zimmermann's  chiefly  in  the  recognition  of  Vatellinae  and  Meth- 
linae  as  subfamilies,  rather  than  as  tribes  of  Hydroporinae ;  and  in  the  raising 
of  the  Cybistrini  from  a  tribe  of  the  Dytiscinae  to  a  subfamily,  Cybistrinae. 

The  key  to  the  genera  has  been  worded  in  part  to  suit  the  known  fauna  of 
Lower  California,  and  hence  cannot  always  be  used  to  identify  material  from 
adjacent  territories.  The  genera  Colymhetes  and  Acilius  have  been  included, 
in  the  expectation  that  one  or  more  of  their  species  will  be  found. 

Key  to  the  Genera  of  Dytiscidae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Mesoscutellum  covered  by  hind  margin  of  pronotum,  or  rarely  a  small  tip  visible  (in 

Celina  fully  visible,  but  in  that  case  the  prosternum  and  its  process  are  not  in  same 

plane),  (figs.  7,  12) 2 

— Mesoscutellum  entirely  visible ;  middle  of  prosternum  and  its  postcoxal  process  in  nearly 
the  same  plane,  (figs.  3,  6) 12 

2.  Prosternum  before  the  front  coxae,  and  its  process  between  and  posterior  to  the  coxae,  in 

same  plane.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi  distinctly  five-segmented,  segment  four  approximately 

as  long  as  three 10 

— Prosternum  and  its  process  not  in  same  plane.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi  four-segmented,  or 
five-segmented  with  fourth  very  small  and  almost  concealed  between  lobes  of  third. 
(Hydroporinae)   3 

3.  Episternum  of  metathorax  not  reaching  mesocoxal  cavity,  being  excluded  by  mesepimeron ; 

(fig.  1).  (Vatellini).  Pronotum  much  narrower  than  elytral  base;  eyes  large,  promi- 
nent. Length  about  6  mm Macrovatellus 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  385 

— Episternum  of  metathorax  reaching  mesocoxal  cavity  (though  very  narrowly  and  incon- 
spicuously in  Celina,  which  has  elytral  apices  and  apex  of  last  visible  abdominal 
sternite  acuminate)    4 

4.  The  broad  apex  of  metacoxal  process  divided  into  three  parts,  namely  two  widely  separated 

narrow  lateral  lobes,  and  a  broad  depressed  middle  area.  Small,  broadly  ovate  beetles, 

about  2.5  mm.  long.  (Hydrovatini) Hydrovatus 

— Metacoxal  process  not  divided  into  three  parts  as  above,  either  without  lateral  lobes,  or 
with  these  lobes  covering  bases  of  trochanters 5 

5.  Metacoxal  process  short,  flat,  almost  in  a  plane  with  abdominal  sternites,  without  lateral 

lobes,  bases  of  the  trochanters  entirely  free 6 

— Metacoxal  process  not  on  a  level  with  first  sternite,  but  somewhat  raised,  its  sides  diver- 
gent, more  or  less  produced  into  lobes  which  cover  bases  of  trochanters 7 

6.  Metatibia  straight,  of  almost  uniform  vddth  from  near  base  to  apex ;  metatarsal  claws 

unequal.  Prosternal  process  rhomboid.  Epipleuron  with  a  diagonal  carina  near  its 
base.  Small,  glabrous,  ovate  and  ventrally  convex  beetles,  about  2  mm.  long.  (Hyphy- 

drini)  Desmopacliria 

— Metatibia  slightly  arcuate,  narrow  at  base,  gradually  widening  to  apex ;  metatarsal  claws 
equal.  Prosternal  process  oblong.  Epipleuron  without  a  diagonal  carina  near  base. 
Small  beetles,  1.5  to  2.5  mm.  long,  elytra  often  with  short  hairs.  (Bidessini)  Bidessus 

7.  Apices  of  elytra  rounded,  subtruncate  or  acute.  (Hydroporini)  8 

— Apices  of  elytra  and  last  visible  abdominal  sternite  produced,  acuminate.  (Methlini) 

Celina 

8.  Epipleuron  with  a  pit  at  extreme  base,  pit  marked  off  by  a  diagonal  carina  crossing  epi- 

pleuron. Pro-  and  mesotarsi  four-segmented Hygrotus 

— Epipleuron  without  a  pit  or  transverse  carina  at  base.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi  five-segmented, 
though  fourth  is  usually  very  small  and  hidden  between  lobes  of  third 9 

9.  Mesial  line  between  lateral  lobes  of  metacoxal  process  not  abbreviated  behind,  the  apex 

either  truncate  or  more  or  less  angularly  prominent  at  middle Hydroporus 

— Mesial  line  between  lateral  lobes  of  metacoxal  process  triangularly  excised  at  middle,  the 
lobes  more  produced  posteriorly Deronectes 

10.  Metatarsi  with  two  slender  curved  claws  of  equal  length;  metatarsal  segments  progres- 

sively narrower,  each  segment  nearly  parallel-sided.  Body  form  broader  in  front, 

tapering  behind  (Noterinae) 11 

— Metatarsi  with  a  single  straight  claw;  metatarsal  segments  not  parallel-sided,  each  pro- 
duced into  a  lobe  behind  on  the  outer  side.  Body  more  nearly  evenly  oval;  (fig.  1). 
(Laccophilinae)    LaccopMlus 

11.  Metacoxal  process  in  the  form  of  two  large  flat  plates,  which  have  a  common  broad 

angular  or  semicircular  median  excision  apically.  (Hydrocanthini.)  Tip  of  pro- 
sternal process  narrower,  at  least  twice  as  wide  as  its  breadth  between  the  front 

coxae;  metatibia  rather  slender.  Smaller  species,  2.5  to  3  mm.  long Suphisellus 

— Metacoxal  process  as  above.  Apex  of  prosternal  process  broader,  two  and  one-half  to 
three  times  its  breadth  between  procoxae;  metatibia  broad.  Larger  species,  4  to  5 
mm.  long Hydrocanthus 

12.  Eyes  emarginate  above  base  of  antennae ;  first  three  segments  of  protarsi  of  male  often 

widened,  but  not  forming  a  round  adhesion  disk.  (Colymbetinae) 13 

— Margin  of  eyes  complete  in  front,  not  incised  above  base  of  antennae ;  first  three  segments 
of  protarsi  of  male  enlarged  to  form  a  round  or  oval  adhesion  disk.  (Dytiscinae)  . .  16 

13.  Metacoxal  lines  very  narrowly  separated  (in  fact  almost  contiguous  with  the  median  or 

discriminal  line)  just  before  they  diverge  posteriorly  onto  the  metacoxal  lobes. 
Metatarsal  claws  equal  in  length  and  form;  pronotum  deeply  but  very  narrowly 
margined  laterally.  (Copelatini) Copelatus 


386  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4th  See. 

— Metacoxal  lines  not  almost  contiguous  with  median  line,  but  each  well  separated  from  it, 
usually  by  at  least  half  the  width  of  a  metatrochanter.  Metatarsal  claws  equal  or  not ; 
pronotum  variously  or  not  at  all  margined  laterally 14 

14.  Metaf  emora  with  a  linear  group  of  cilia  near  the  posterior  apical  angle ;  pleurites  of 

second  abdominal  segment  not  strongly  sclerotised,  without  transverse  rugae ;  meta- 
tarsal claws  equal  or  not.  (Agabini) Agabus 

— Metaf  emora  without  a  linear  group  of  cilia  near  posterior  apical  angle;  pleurites  of 
second  abdominal  segment  strongly  sclerotised,  and  with  coarse  transverse  rugae; 
metaf  emoral  claws  equal  or  not  (Colymbetini) 15 

15.  Anterior  point  of  metasternum,  between  mesocoxae,  channeled  to  receive  tip  of  pro- 

sternal  process ;  the  excavation  usually  deep,  narrowing  posteriorly  where  it  reaches 
a  point  adjacent  to  hind  borders  of  mesocoxae.  Elytral  sculpture  various,  but  not 
consisting  of  numerous  parallel  transverse  grooves.  Species  of  from  10  to  15  mm. 

long Rantus 

— ^Anterior  point  of  metasternum  sloped  or  beveled  to  receive  tip  of  prosternal  process,  not 
deeply  triangularly  channeled.  Elytral  sculpture  consisting  of  numerous  parallel 
transverse  grooves.  Species  of  from  15  to  18  mm.  long.  Expected  but  not  yet  recorded 
from  Lower  California Colymbetes 

16.  Inferior  spur  at  apex  of  metatibiae  dilated,  much  broader  than  the  other  large  spur. 

(Cybistrini)    17 

— Inferior  metatibial  spur  not  or  but  little  broader  than  the  other 18 

17.  Apex  of  hind  legs  of  male  with  two  claws,  of  female  with  a  long  outer  and  a  small  rudi- 

mentary inner  claw Megadytes 

— Apex  of  hind  legs  of  male  always,  of  female  usually,  -with,  only  one  claw Cybister 

18.  Hind  margins  of  first  four  metatarsal  segments  beset  with  a  dense  fringe  of  flat  golden 

cilia 19 

— Hind  margins  of  metatarsal  segments  naked,  vdthout  such  a  fringe;  adhesion  disks  of 
male  protarsi  round,  with  two  large  basal  cups  in  front  of  which  are  numerous  little 
disks.  (Dytiscini) .  Large  beetles,  25  to  30  mm.  long Djrtiscus 

19.  Apex  of  prosternal  process  sharply  pointed,  pronotum  margined  laterally;  external 

edge  of  each  elytron  margined  with  short  spines,  from  behind  the  middle  to  about 
apical  fifth;  eyes  prominent;  hind  margin  of  pro-  and  mesof emora  and  tibia  set  with 
long  golden  hairs;  upper  surface  of  metatarsi  punctate,  and  with  fine  appressed 

hairs.  (Eretini) Eretes 

— Apex  of  prosternal  process  rounded;  pronotum  not  margined  laterally;  elytra  without 
marginal  spines;  upper  surface  of  metatarsal  segments  naked  except  for  marginal 
cilia 20 

20.  Outer  margin  of  metasternal  wings  arcuate;  outer  (shorter)  spur  at  apex  of  metatibiae 

blunt,  more  or  less  emarginate  (Thermonectini) 21 

— Outer  margin  of  metasternal  wings  straight;  outer  spur  at  apex  of  metatibiae  acute. 
(Hydaticini.)  Body  smooth,  finely  punctate,  or  with  a  secondary  sculpture  on  pro- 
notum and  elytra  of  female ;  elytra  usually  with  a  lateral  pale  stripe  in  basal  two- 
thirds Hydaticus 

21.  Elytra  densely  and  rather  coarsely  punctate,  smooth  in  males,  usually  fluted  and  hairy 

in  females.  Elytra  yellowish  to  brown,  finely  irrorate  with  black,  usually  with  a  sub- 
apical  arcuate  pale  fascia.  Not  yet  recorded  from  Lower  California;  occurs  at  San 

Diego,  Calif Acilius 

— Elytral  punctation  of  male  very  fine  or  absent,  except  for  the  three  longitudinal  series  of 
coarse  punctures ;  of  female,  either  fine  like  the  male,  or  with  a  superimposed  sexual 
sculpture  of  elongate  impressions.  Elytra  black  with  yellow  maculae  or  transverse 
bands,  or  yellow  with  black  spots,  or  irrorate Thermonectus 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATEB  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  387 

GeniTs  Macrovatellus  Sliarp 

Macrovatellus  Shaep,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:282,  840;  Zimmeemann, 
1919,  ArcMv  f.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(12)  :124. 

Genotype :  I  have  been  unable  to  find  any  citation  of  a  genotype  in  the  lit- 
erature, and  hereby  designate  Macrovatellus  mexicanus  Sharp  1882,  as  the 
type  of  the  genus  Macrovatellus  Sharp. 

These  beetles  resemble  large  Hydroporus  or  Rygrotus,  but  the  small  pro- 
notum  results  in  a  characteristic  discontinuity  of  outline.  The  species  of  Mac- 
rovatellus may  be  separated  from  all  other  Dytiscidae  in  the  Nearctic  fauna, 
except  Derovatellus  floridanus  Fall,  by  the  fact  that  the  mesocoxae  are  con- 
tiguous; thus  the  prostemal  process  does  not  attain  the  metasternum.  The 
pro-  and  mesotarsi  are  five-segmented,  the  fourth  segment  very  small  and 
almost  hidden  in  the  apex  of  the  third. 

(6)  Macrovatellus  mexicanus  Sharp 

Macrovatellus  mexicanus  Shaep,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:284;  Shaep, 
1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :8. 

Length  5.5  to  6.5  mm.;  oblong-oval,  elytra  finely  pubescent,  punctures 
asperate ;  pronotum  not  margined ;  eyes  large  and  protuberant.  Head  yellow- 
ish-brown; pronotum  black,  with  indistinct  brownish  vitta  at  each  side  just 
within  edge;  elytra  black,  obscurely  maculate  with  brown  as  follows:  two 
small  basal  spots,  a  subhumeral  lunule  connected  with  a  lateral  stripe  which 
gives  rise  to  four  broader  inward  extensions.  First  three  segments  of  pro-  and 
mesotarsi  of  both  sexes  broadened,  and  clothed  beneath  with  dense  pads  of 
short  hairs ;  tarsal  segments  narrower  and  more  elongate  in  the  female ;  tarsal 
claws  small  and  simple  in  both  sexes ;  mesotrochanter  and  basal  one-third  of 
lower  margin  of  mesof  emur  of  male  with  a  series  of  short  golden  hairs,  which 
are  less  obvious  in  the  female. 

Type  locality:  Mexico.  In  the  Biologia,  Sharp  cites  Puebla,  Mexico,  for 
some  additional  specimens. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico  and  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23, 
1938  (in  tinaja).  Twenty-six  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 
Mexico  :  Apatzingan,  Michoacan,  alt.  1,200  ft.,  August  11, 1941  (Harry  Hoog- 
straal),  1  female. 

Genus  Hydrovatus  Motschulsky 

Eydrovatus  Motschulsky,  1855,  Etudes  Ent.  4:82.  Note:  Neave,  1939,  in  Nomenclator 
Zoologicus  2:717,  credits  Hydrovatus  to  Motschulsky,  1853,  Hydrocanthares  de  la 
Russie,  p.  4.  I  have  not  seen  this  publication,  and  do  not  know  whether  or  not  its  use 
will  affect  Balfour-Browne's  designation  of  a  genotype. 

Genotype:  Hydrovatus  castaneus  Motschulsky,  1855;  fixed  by  F.  Balfour- 
Browne,  1936 :  28. 


388  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(7)  Hydro vatus  sp. 

Horn  (1894:  313)  listed  a  species  which  he  thought  might  be  H.  major 
Sharp,  from  Santa  Anita,  Lower  California.  However,  this  species  is  defi- 
nitely established  as  occurring  in  Guatemala,  so  Horn's  examples  were  pre- 
sumably distinct.  I  have  not  seen  any  specimens  of  Hydrovatus  from  Lower 
California. 

Genus  Desmopachria  Babington 

Desmopachria  Babington,  1841,  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  Trans.  3 :16,  and  pi.  1,  fig.  5,  a  to  /. 

Genotype :  Desmopachria  nitida  Babington  1841,  the  only  species  men- 
tioned by  him. 

Small  broad  water  beetles,  convex  both  above  and  beneath.  The  epipleura 
have  a  narrow  oblique  plica  basally,  as  in  Rygrotus  and  Hydrovatus, 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Desmopachria  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra  yellow,  marked  with  black  or  piceous,  metaeoxal  plates  punctate.  Larger  species, 

2  to  2.3  mm.  long 2 

— Elytra  uniformly  reddish-brown.  Metaeoxal  plates  almost  impunctate.  Smaller  species, 
1.5  to  1.7  mm.  long (8)  sp. 

2.  Each  elytron  with  an  antemedian  longitudinal  impression  in  a  marginal  reddish  spot. 

Head  and  pronotum  piceous  at  base ;  pronotum  with  a  short  basal  longitudinal  plica 
near  each  side,  and  with  a  small  depressed  area  adjacent  to  each  plica;  punctation 
of  disk  of  pronotum  as  coarse  and  sparse  as  that  of  elytra.  Elytra  yellow,  an  elongate 
black  spot  slightly  posterior  and  mesad  of  lateral  reddish  spot ;  suture  broadly  and 
sinuately  black,  the  band  widest  at  middle  and  posteriorly,  narrowed  apically,  its 

whole  shape  campanulate.  Length  2  to  2.3  mm (10)  latissima 

— Elytra  without  antemedian  lateral  impressions  and  reddish  spots.  Head  yellow  to  base; 
pronotum  piceous  basally,  with  a  short  basal  longitudinal  plica  near  each  side,  the 
adjacent  (mesal)  area  only  slightly  depressed;  punctures  of  disk  of  pronotum  much 
finer  and  denser  than  those  of  elytra.  Elytra  yellow,  with  suture  narrowly  black,  a 
discal  and  somewhat  hamate  black  stripe,  and  an  elongate  median  black  spot.  Length 
2  to  2.2  mm (9)  dispersa 

(8)  Desmopachria  sp. 

Horn  (1896 :368)  doubtfully  referred  a  teneral  specimen  of  Desmopachria 
from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  to  granum  LeConte.  The  latter  occurs  in  the  south- 
eastern United  States,  and  is  hardly  to  be  expected  in  the  Cape  region  of  Lower 
California.  I  have  seen  only  the  following  two  species  from  the  peninsula. 

(9)  Desmopachria  dispersa  (Crotch) 

(Figure  7) 

Eydroporvs  dispersus  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:388. 

Desmopachria  dispersa,  Shaep,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Roy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:343;  Zimmermann, 
1919,  Archiv  f.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(A.12)  :130. 

Not  so  broad  as  latissima,  and  easily  recognized  by  the  form  of  the  elj^tral 
maculation.  The  sutural  striae  vary  from  deeply  impressed  to  obsolete.  Dr. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  389 

P.  J.  Darlington,  has  compared  one  of  my  specimens  with  the  type  in  the 
LeConte  Collection. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  Lower  California;  "Baja  Calif.";  Arizona;  Texas. 

New  records :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (tinaja)  ;  Twenty- 
five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25.  Seventy-four  specimens  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  all  but  one  from  near  Comondu. 

(10)  Desmopachria  latissima  (LeConte) 

Hydropoms  latissimus,  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:205;  Crotch,  1873, 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:388. 
Desmopachria  latissima,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:343. 

Dr.  Darlington  has  been  so  kind  as  to  compare  one  of  my  specimens  with 
the  type.  In  the  series  at  hand  there  is  a  slight  variation  in  the  extent  of  the 
black  markings. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution :  Southern  California.  The  species  has  also  been  re- 
corded from  British  Columbia ;  all  such  specimens  known  to  me  were  collected 
a  long  time  ago,  and  bear  no  locality  other  than  "Br.  Col."  This,  coupled 
with  the  absence  of  records  from  intervening  territory,  suggests  a  mistake 
in  labelling. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  3,  Rosario,  June  17  (in  pool) ;  2,  Hamilton 
Ranch,  August  2  (in  irrigation  ditch) ;  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas, 
August  3  (small  stream).  Collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Genus  Bidessus  Sharp 

Bidessus  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:344,  852. 

Genotype:  Dytiscus  unistriatus  Schrank,  1781;  designated  by  F.  Balfour- 
Browne,  1936  :  29.  (Both  in  1936 :  29  and  1938 :  22,  he  erroneously  cited  the 
species  as  .B.  unistriatus  Fab.,  but  corrected  this  in  1940 :  204.) 

Tiny  beetles,  most  of  the  American  species  being  between  1.5  mm.  and  2.5 
mm.  in  length ;  many  are  prettily  marked  with  yellow  on  a  dark  ground  color. 
Hatch  (1929  :  217-220)  has  compiled  a  key  to  include  most  of  the  species  of 
North  America  north  of  Mexico;  his  title  "Key  to  the  Nearctic  species  of 
Bidessus  Sharp"  is  too  inclusive. 

The  species  are  in  need  of  a  revisional  study,  and  preliminary  work  had 
been  done  by  Dr.  F.  N.  Young  of  the  University  of  Florida,  before  he  received 
his  army  call.  Dr.  Young  has  examined  the  Lower  Californian  specimens  re- 
ported upon  here. 

Several  subgenera  have  been  described.  The  latest  revision  is  by  Guignot 
(1939),  who  gives  a  key  to  the  genera  of  the  tribe  Bidessini,  and  keys  to  the 
subgenera  when  they  occur ;  he  does  not  recognize  any  subgenera  of  Bidessus. 
According  to  his  treatment,  the  genus  Bidessonotus  Regimbart  is  separated 
from  Bidessus  by  the  absence  of  a  sutural  stria.  Bidessonotus  is  then  divided 


390  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See, 

into  three  subgenera:  Liodessus  Guignot,  with  type  Hydroporus  affinis  Say; 
Bidessonotus  s.  str.,  type  Hydroporus  adumhratus  Clark ;  and  Brachyvatus 
Zimmermann,  type  not  designated.  He  remarks  that  the  genus  forms  a  very 
homogeneous  grouping ;  but  as  there  is  no  mention  of  the  fact  that  in  adum- 
trains  and  allies  the  metacoxal  lines  are  continued  anteriorly  by  two  similar 
striae  on  the  mid-metasternum,  a  most  remarkable  character  used  by  previous 
authors  to  distinguish  Bidessonotus j  I  am  not  following  Guignot  here. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Bidessus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Clypeus  finely  but  distinctly  margined  anteriorly;  elytra  coarsely  closely  punctate,  met- 

asternum  and  metacoxal  plates  more  coarsely  but  less  closely  punctate 2 

— Clypeus  not  margined  in  front;  elytra  finely  or  moderately  coarsely  punctate,  meta- 
sternum  and  metacoxal  plates  finely  sparsely  punctate 4 

2.  Elytra  with  distinct  sutural  striae,  though  they  may  be  defined  chiefly  by  an  area  of 

abruptly  finer  punctation  between  them  and  the  suture 3 

— ^Elytra  without  sutural  striae.  Form  broadly  ovate.  Pale  spots  of  elytra  occupying  much 
less  than  half  the  entire  area (11)  quadripustulatus 

3.  Form  more  elongate-oval;  each  elytron  with  a  shallow  longitudinal  discal  sulcus  begin- 

ning just  on  sutural  side  of  basal  plica.  Anterior  yellow  band  of  elytra  narrow,  ante- 
median,  lunate;  posterior  yellow  mark  longitudinal,  enlarged  suturally  at  apex;  first 
two  basal  segments  of  pro-  and  mesotarsi  of  male  fully  half  again  as  broad  as  in 

female,  and  with  a  dense  pad  of  short  hairs  beneath (12)  cinctellus 

— Form  more  broadly  oval ;  elytra  without  longitudinal  sulci.  Anterior  yellow  spots  on  elytra 
nearly  basal,  large,  subquadrate ;  posterior  spots  rounded.  First  two  basal  segments 
of  male  pro-  and  mesotarsi  hardly  broader  than  those  of  the  female,  ventral  hairs 
longer  and  sparser (13)  species  near  decoratus 

4.  Elytra  with  distinct  sutural  striae.  Elytra  dark,  each  elytron  with  a  lunate  post-humeral, 

and  a  small  post-median  and  pre-apical  pale  spot (14)  subtilis 

— Elytra  without  sutural  striae 5 

5.  Elytral  markings  definitely  vittate  or  fractilineal  (fig.  12) 6 

— Elytral  markings  transverse,  large  and  conspicuous.  (This  species  may  belong  in  couplet 

2 ;  see  notes  on  it) (15)  amandus 

6.  Each  elytron  with  a  discal  longitudinal  shallow  punctate  sulcus.  Elytral  punctation  fine 

and  sparse  discally  near  base,  punctures  separated  by  about  two  and  one-half  times 
their  own  diameters,  but  finer  and  much  more  numerous  near  apex;  pronotal  plica 
much  broader  than  corresponding  elytral  plica;  metacoxal  lines  deeply  impressed, 
delimited  area  finely  punctate  (both  sexes),  process  posterior  to  ends  of  metacoxal 
lines  gradually  sloped  to  first  visible  abdominal  sternite.  Metatrochanters  of  male 
not  aligned  and  in  a  plane  with  metafemora,  but  produced  inward  and  downward, 

coming  to  a  conical  point  at  inner  apical  angle (16)  yoiingi 

— Elytra  without  discal  sulci.  Elytral  punctation  coarse  discally  near  base,  punctures  sep- 
arated by  about  their  own  widths,  finer  but  not  more  numerous  apically;  pronotal 
and  elytral  plicae  about  equally  broad ;  median  metacoxal  area  coarsely  punctate  in 
male,  finely  in  female,  process  abruptly  truncated  in  a  line  with  ends  of  metacoxal 
lines.  Metatrochanters  simple  in  both  sexes (17)  afliiiis  complex 

(11)  Bidessus  quadripustulatus  Fall 

Bidessus  quadripustulatus  Fall,  1917,  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  25(3)  :166;  Hatch,  1929, 
Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :219. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  391 

This  species  is  known  to  me  only  by  the  description.  Fall  (p.  167)  gives  a 
key  to  separate  it  from  pictodes  Sharp  and  decoratus  Fall,  the  species  he 
thought  most  similar;  in  Hatch's  key,  quadripustulatus  is  widely  separated 
from  the  other  two,  because  it  lacks  sutural  striae. 

Type  locality :  San  Bernardino  Mts.,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California. 

New  records :  "Lower  California,  N.  Boundary,  Godman-Salvin  coll.,"  in 
the  British  Museum. 

(12)  Bidessus  cinctellus  (LeConte) 

Eydroporus  cinctellus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:206;  LeConte, 

1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:290. 
Bidessus  (s.  str.)  cinctellus,  Hatch,  1929,  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :218. 

LeConte  described  this  species  as  from  the  Gila  River  in  Arizona.  Fall 
(1901 :  52)  recorded  it  from  "  'So.  Cal.'  {teste  Horn) ,"  and  Horn  (1894 :  313) 
gave  "Baja  California  (Gabb.)."  I  have  not  seen  specimens  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. The  characters  given  in  the  key  are  based  on  a  specimen  in  my  collec- 
tion; it  is  from  Nogales,  Sta.  Cruz  Co.,  Arizona,  collected  by  F.  W.  Nunen- 
macher,  and  has  been  compared  with  the  LeConte's  type  by  F.  N.  Young. 

(13)  Bidessus  sp.,  near  decoratus  Fall? 

Several  closely  allied  species  are  included  under  decoratus  in  collections. 

Two  specimens  collected  in  Lower  California  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  a 
male  from  Rosario,  June  17  (in  a  pool),  and  a  female  from  Hamilton  Ranch, 
August  2  (irrigation  ditch),  seem  to  be  conspecific  and  will  almost  certainly 
prove  to  be  undescribed.  Dr.  Young  placed  them  as  "near  decoratus  Fall?" 

These  two  differ  from  the  Arizona  decoratus  as  follows :  Form  less  evenly 
ovate,  widest  just  before  middle,  tapering  anteriorly  and  posteriorly ;  elytra 
much  more  coarsely  punctate,  especially  beside  sutural  stria  anteriorly; 
sutural  stria  defined  chiefly  by  the  fine  punctation  between  it  and  suture. 
Metasternum,  metacoxal  plates  and  first  two  visible  abdominal  stemites  more 
coarsely  and  sparsely  punctate  than  elytra ;  first  sternite  of  male  semicircu- 
larly  impressed  adjacent  to  metacoxal  processes,  last  visible  sternite  em- 
bossed medially  with  a  Y-shaped  figure ;  epipleura  more  coarsely  punctate. 

(14)  Bidessus  subtilis  (LeConte) 

Eydroporus  suitilis  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  Ann.  5:206;  LeConte, 

1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc.  7:290. 
Bidessus  suUilis,  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:811;  Fall,  1901,  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers,  8:52;  Hatch,  1929,  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :218. 

Length  1.75  to  2  mm.  Area  between  suture  and  sutural  striae  raised  on 
elytral  disk,  the  punctures  distinctly  finer  than  those  of  the  adjacent  parts 
of  the  elytra.  Last  abdominal  sternite  with  a  median  depression,  which  is 
obscured  by  golden  vestiture  in  the  male. 


392  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Type  locality :  "Sta.  Isabel,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California. 

New  record :  According  to  Mr.  J.  Balf our-Browne  there  are  specimens  ap- 
parently of  this  species  in  the  British  Museum,  labelled  "Lower  California, 
N.  Boundary,  Godman-Salvin  coll." 

(15)  Bidessus  amandus  (LeConte) 

Hydroporus  amandus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:207;  LeConte, 
1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:290;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Koy.  Dublin  Soc, 
(2)2:787. 

Bidessus  amandus,  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:52;  Hatch,  1929,  Brook. 
Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23 (5):  218. 

This  species  was  recorded  from  San  Esteban,  Lower  California,  and  also 
from  southern  California  by  Horn  (1894 :  313) . 

Hatch  (1929  :  218)  says  it  has  no  sutural  stria,  but  Fall  (1901 :  52)  says  "in 
the  type  the  sutural  stria  is  very  feeble,  but  I  suspect  this  may  be  merely  an 
individual  variation."  The  type  was  from  the  Gila  River,  Arizona.  If  I  have 
correctly  identified  the  species  in  material  from  Utah  and  Texas,  it  should  be 
placed  near  cinctellus,  and  distinguished  by  the  inner  ends  of  the  anterior 
fascia  on  each  elytron  having  a  narrow  backward  projection  paralleling  the 
suture. 

(16)  Bidessus  youngi  Leech,  new  species 

(Figure  12) 

An  elongate  yellow  species,  the  elytra  vittate  with  dark  brown;  closely 
resembles  B.  pullus  (LeConte) . 

Male.  Length  2.26  mm.,  width  1.13  mm.  Elongate-oval,  moderately  convex. 
Head  and  pronotum  yellowish-brown,  head  slightly  darker  medially  near 
eyes,  pronotum  narrowly  piceous  at  base  between  striae,  except  directly  over 
covered  mesoscutellum.  Elytra  clear  yellow  showing  folded  wings  beneath, 
bases,  suture  and  an  irregular  discal  area  from  middle  to  posterior  fourth,  dark 
brown ;  this  brown  area  has  on  each  side  a  short  anteriorly  produced  vitta 
near  suture,  another  twice  as  long  on  and  within  the  shallow  elytral  sulcus,  a 
trace  of  another  laterally,  and  a  backward  and  outward  projection  posteriorly, 
while  narrowly  separated  from  the  posterior  half  of  the  blotch  there  is  a 
smaller  oval  patch.  Underparts  including  legs,  yellow  or  yellowish-brown, 
abdominal  sternites  piceous  laterally. 

Head  faintly  reticulated,  sparsely  finely  punctate.  Pronotum  polished, 
sparsely  rather  finely  punctate,  more  coarsely  so  near  anterior  and  posterior 
margins;  slightly  beyond  middle  of  each  half  of  base  there  is  a  plica  from  base 
to  slightly  beyond  middle  anteriorly,  its  outer  margin  arcuate,  well  marked, 
its  inner  broad  with  a  pit  at  basal  third,  thence  narrow  and  shallow  to  base. 
Continuing  elytral  pHca  straight,  shorter  than  pronotal  plica ;  elytra  sparsely 
punctate  in  basal  half  of  disk,  punctures  about  size  of  largest  of  these  found 
on  pronotum,  and  mostly  separated  by  a  little  more  than  twice  their  own 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  393 

diameters ;  in  posterior  half  punctures  are  a  little  smaller  and  much  denser, 
while  laterally  they  are  finer  still;  each  puncture  gives  rise  to  a  fine  short 
recumbent  hair ;  each  elytron  has  a  discal  longitudinal  shallow  sulcus,  and 
a  poorly  defined  sutural  stria.  Prosternum  carinate  at  middle,  pubescent, 
prosternal  process  with  a  median  longitudinal  groove ;  metasternum  and  meta- 
coxal  plates  finely  sparsely  punctate ;  a  median  series  of  coarse  punctures  on 
first  and  second  visible  abdominal  sternites,  and  a  third  series  along  suture 
between  segments  two  and  three,  sternites  otherwise  very  finely  punctate. 
Metacoxal  processes  produced  beyond  posterior  ends  of  metacoxal  lines,  grad- 
ually and  evenly  sloped  to  first  abdominal  sternite.  Metatrochanters  not  in  a 
plane  with  metafemora,  but  produced  inward  and  downward  in  apical  half, 
ending  in  a  conical  point  at  inner  apical  angle.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi  very  slightly 
wider  than  in  female.  Metacalcaria  simple,  alike.  Epipleura  distinctly  in- 
flated, finely  sparsely  punctate.  Apex  of  each  paramere  of  genitalia  broad, 
shallowly  emarginate,  hairy;  aedeagus  irregularly  shaped,  complicated  in 
apical  half. 

Female.  Differs  from  the  male  only  in  sexual  characters  (metatrochanters 
simple),  and  in  lacking  any  trace  of  a  sutural  stria. 

Holotype,  <S  (C.A.S.  No.  54.63) ,  allotype,  2  (C.A.S.  No.  5464),  and  four  fe- 
male parat^Tpes,  from  twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  Lower  California, 
July  23  (lagoon) ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  This  locality  is  pre- 
sumably the  one  mentioned  by  the  collectors  (1942 :  9)  in  their  account  of  the 
region :  "High  in  the  mountains  north  of  Comondu  several  lagoons  of  fresh 
water  were  present. . . ." 

This  species  was  identified  by  Dr.  Young  as  "n.  sp.  near  pullus/'  and  it 
would  run  to  the  latter  in  Hatch's  key.  Amongst  specimens  of  pullus  before 
me  is  a  male  collected  by  Young  in  Georgia,  and  compared  by  him  in  1940 
with  LeConte's  type.  Males  of  youngi  can  be  recognized  by  the  modified  meta- 
trochanters, and  the  form  of  the  aedeagus  and  parameres;  in  pullus  the 
metatrochanters  are  simple,  the  parameres  are  dissimilar,  and  the  aedeagus 
has  a  large  preapical  lateral  spike.  Females  of  the  two  species  are  harder  to 
separate ;  in  youngi  the  pronotal  striae  are  broader,  and  less  regular  on  the 
inner  sides,  and  the  metacoxal  lines  are  more  divergent  anteriorly.  B.  ohtusus 
Sharp  1882,  from  Paso  Antonio,  Guatemala,  was  described  as  near  pullus, 
but  by  description  it  is  almost  completely  impunctate  dorsally,  and  cannot 
be  the  same  as  youngi. 

The  holotype  and  one  paratype  show  a  faint  sutural  stria,  but  the  sparsely 
and  very  finely  punctate  metasternum  and  metacoxal  plates  will  prevent  them 
from  being  keyed  into  the  cinctellus-decoratus  couplet. 

(17)  Bidessus  affinis  (Say)  complex 

Under  the  name  '^affinis  (Say)"  are  at  present  included  specimens  from 
Alaska  to  far  into  South  America.  Examination  of  a  good  series  from  various 
points  within  the  United  States,  Canada  and  Mexico,  shows  that  affinis  is 


394  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

composite.  Until  a  careful  study  has  been  made,  and  a  neotype  fixed,  tlie  vari- 
ous names  now  standing  as  synonyms  or  "varieties"  cannot  be  used  with  confi- 
dence. 

As  already  mentioned,  Guignot  (1939  :  53)  has  made  affinis  the  type  of  his 
subgenus  Liodessus  in  his  treatment  of  the  genus  Bidessonotus. 

Horn  (1894:  314)  recorded  affinis  from  Baja  California,  without  a  more 
specific  locality. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  a  pair  from  Nineteen  miles  east  of  Kosario, 

June  17  (in  a  spring).  Collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Examined  by 

Dr.  Young. 

Genus  Celina  Aube 

Celina  AiTBt,  1837-38,  IconograpMe  et  Hist.  Nat.  Coleopt.  d'Europe,  5:219,  and  pi.  26, 
fig.l. 

Genotype :  Hydroporus  latipes  Brulle,  1836,  the  only  species  cited  by  Aube. 

Small  reddish  beetles,  4  to  6  mm.  long,  of  rather  narrow  and  parallel  form ; 
apices  of  elytra  and  apparent  last  abdominal  sternite  produced  behind,  acu- 
minate. 

( 18 )  Celina  angustata  Aube  ? 

A  single  teneral  male  specimen  is  at  hand,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross  at  Five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  Lower  California,  June  10, 1938.  This 
may  be  C.  angustata  Aube,  but  differs  in  being  a  little  smaller  (3.5  mm.),  and 
more  shining  dorsally ;  the  mesotibiae  are  not  shaped  quite  as  in  angustata, 
but  this  may  be  the  result  of  distortion  due  to  immaturity. 

Horn  (1895  :  226)  has  recorded  Celina  angustat  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Genus  Hygrotus  Stephens 

Ey grot  us  Stephens,  1828,  lUust.  British  Ent.,  Mandib.,  2:46. 

Genotj^e :  Dytiscus  inaequalis  Fabricius,  1777 ;  fixed  by  Curtis,  1835. 

American  authors  have  referred  the  species  of  Hygrotus  to  the  genus  Coel- 
anibu^  Thomson,  1860,  following  Sharp,  1882,  who  united  the  two  genera  and 
wrongly  gave  Coelambus  priority.  The  matter  has  been  discussed,  with  illus- 
trations, by  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1934,  1938,  1940)  who  concludes  that 
Coelamhus  may  be  used  as  a  subgenus  of  Hygrotus,  to  include  those  species 
in  which  the  clypeus  lacks  a  raised  anterior  margin.  As  Fall  pointed  out  in 
1919,  a  division  on  this  character  applied  to  the  North  American  species,  does 
not  always  agree  with  their  apparent  natural  affinities. 

The  species  of  Hygrotus  may  be  separated  from  those  of  Hydroporus  and 
Deronectes,  which  they  resemble,  by  the  possession  of  an  oblique  raised  line 
across  the  base  of  each  humerus.  This  character  is  found  also  in  Hydrovatus 
and  Desmopachria  of  the  Nearctic  fauna. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Hygrotus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Smaller,  more  elongate  species,  length  3.2  to  3.5  mm.  Elytra  more  finely  punctured,  the 
sutural,  discal  and  prehumeral  longitudinal  series  of  coarser  punctures  clearly  evi- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  395 

dent.  Head  inf uscate  or  black  at  sides,  near  eyes.  Elytra  with  broad  suffused  fuscous 
markings  which  usually  do  not  attain  the  base,  and  may  be  faint.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi 
of  males  but  little  wider  than  those  of  females,  not  nearly  as  wide  as  apex  of  tibia. 

Elytra  shining  in  male,  and  usually  in  female (19)  medialis 

— Larger,  more  robust  species,  length  3.4  to  4  mm.  Elytra  more  coarsely  and  evenly  punc- 
tured, the  longitudinal  series  of  larger  punctures  scarcely  evident.  Head  not  marked 
with  fuscous  or  black  at  sides.  Elytra  with  small  irregular  discal  markings,  mostly 
behind  the  middle.  Pro-  and  mesotarsi  of  males  almost  twice  as  wide  as  those  of 
females,  nearly  as  wide  as  apex  of  tibia.  Elytra  shining  in  male,  alutaceous  in 
female (20)  fratemus 

(19)  Hygrotus  (Coelambus)  medialis  (LeConte) 

Hydroporus  medialis  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:209;  LeConte,  1855, 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:293. 
Coelam'bus  medialis,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:401;  Sharp,  1882, 

Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  1(2)  : 26;  Fall,  1919,  N.  Am.  spp,  Coelambus,  p.  3,  12. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  Middle  and  southern  California  to  Texas  and 
Mexico.  Lower  California:  San  Ignacio;  Comondu;  La  Joya. 

I  have  not  seen  any  specimens  from  Lower  California,  though  the  species 
is  to  be  expected  in  the  northern  part.  Some  of  Horn's  records  may  have  been 
based  on  examples  of  fratemus. 

(20)  Hygrotus  (Coelambus)  fratemus  (LeConte) 

Hydroporus  fratemus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:209;  LeConte, 

1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7 :293. 
Coelambus  fratemus,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Roy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:402;  Fall,  1919, 

N.  Am.  spp.  Coelambus,  p.  4, 16. 

Type  locality :  "Ad  flumen  Novum  in  deserta  Colorado,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California ;  Arizona ;  Lower  California :  San  Jose 
del  Cabo. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  32,  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July 
23  (in  tinaja)  ;  2,  Triunfo,  July  7  and  13 ;  1,  Five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo, 
July  13.  All  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Genus  Hydroporus  Schellenberg 

Hydroporus  Schellenberg,  1806,  Entom.  helvetique,  2:182.  (For  a  note  on  this  publication, 
see  its  author  under  "Literature  Cited.") 

Genotype :  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1940 :  204)  writes  as  follows : 
*'Type   (fixed  by  Thomson)  =  Dytiscus  palustris  Linn.,  1761.  Note. — In 
1831,  Curtis  cited  Dyt.  depressus  Fab.  as  the  type  and  in  1838  and  1839, 
Westwood  and  Hope  respectively  cited  Dyt.  12-pustulatus  Fab.  As  neither  of 
these  species  was  in  the  original  genus,  both  citations  are  invalid." 

Unfortunately,  however,  neither  was  Dytiscus  palustris  Linnaeus,  1761, 
listed  in  the  genus  by  Schellenberg;  his  inclusion  of  Dytiscus  sexpustulatus 
Fab.,  now  recognized  as  a  synonym  of  palustris  Linn.,  does  not  validate  the 


396  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

latter  as  a  genotype.  Hope  (1839:132)  cited  Dyt.  12-pustulatus  Fab.  Du- 
ponchel  (1845  (6)  :  761)  gave  "Hydrop.  duodecim  pustulatus  Fab.,"  wbicb 
is  the  same  thing,  and  as  already  noted,  cannot  be  the  genotype. 

Crotch  (1870:219)  referring  to  Schellenberg's  Ent.  Helv.,  vol.  2,  cites 
"p.  132.  Hydroporus  •  D.  parvulus  (=  inaequalis) ."  This  is  the  first  designation 
known  to  me  for  Hydroporus,  of  a  species  actually  included  by  the  describer 
of  the  genus.  But  Schellenberg  gave  it  as  "Fig.  a.  A.  Hydroporus  parvulus^. 
Dytiscus  Fabr.,"  and  although  figure  A  leaves  little  doubt  as  to  what  he  had, 
the  fact  that  he  placed  a  question  mark  after  parvulus  at  the  head  of  his 
description,  might  disqualify  the  designation  under  Article  30,  II,  e,  ^,  of 
the  International  Rules  of  Zoological  Nomenclature.  It  is  there  stated  that 
species  are  excluded  from  consideration  in  determining  the  types  of  genera, 
if  they  are  "Species  which  were  species  inquirendae  from  the  standpoint  of 
the  author  of  the  generic  name  at  the  time  of  its  publication." 

Should  Crotch's  designation  prove  to  be  the  only  valid  one,  there  will  result 
a  conflict  with  Hygrotus  Stephens,  1828,  the  type  of  which  is  Dytiscus 
inaequalis  Fab.  Samouelle  (1819.  The  Entomologist's  Useful  Compendium) 
does  not  designate  types  for  any  genera  of  water  beetles,  but  there  may  be 
something  relevant  in  the  following  references  which  are  not  available  to 
me :  Latreille,  1817,  in  the  Nouv.  Diet.  Hist.  Nat. ;  the  Disciples'  Edition  of 
Cuvier's  Regne  Animal ;  Chenu,  1851-1861,  in  Encyclop.  d'Histoire  Naturelle, 
Coleoptera. 

A  genus  containing  a  great  number  of  small  beetles,  few  species  of  which 
occur  as  far  south  in  our  fauna  as  Mexico.  There  has  been  much  controversy 
in  recent  European  literature  as  to  the  constitution  of  the  genera  and  sub- 
genera to  be  removed  from  Hydroporus  s.  lat. 

An  excellent  revision  of  the  species  of  North  America  north  of  Mexico  has 
been  given  by  Fall,  1923,  though  of  course,  some  recently  described  species 
must  be  interpolated  into  his  keys. 

(21)  Hydroporus  vilisLeConte 

Hydroporus  vilis  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:208;  LeConte,  1855, 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:292;  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:395; 
Shaep,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:484;  Fall,  1923,  Eevis.  N.  Am.  spp. 
Hydroporus  and  Agaporus,  p.  55,  57. 

Length  3  to  3.5  mm. ;  form  subovate,  moderately  convex.  Head  reddish- 
brown,  pronotum  black  or  piceous,  rufous  laterally ;  elytra  yellowish-brown 
or  reddish-brown,  palest  basally;  undersurface  black  or  piceous,  legs  and 
antennae  rufous.  Dorsal  surface  finely  alutaceous,  punctation  fine,  even  but 
not  close,  punctation  of  underside  finer  and  sparser;  elytral  pubescence  hardly 
evident.  Lateral  marginal  bead  of  pronotum  hardly  half  as  wide  as  median 
antennal  segment. 

Type  locality :  "San  Jose  et  San  Diego,"  California.  I  do  not  think  that  a 
single  specimen  has  been  selected  as  the  type,  though  Fall  (supra)  has  re- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  397 

marked  that  the  specimen  bearing  the  name  label  in  the  LeConte  Collection 
is  from  San  Jose. 

Recorded  distribution:  California;  Nevada;  Arizona;  South  Dakota;  New 
Jersey  (this  last  locality  probably  based  on  specimens  which  are  now  known 
as  hrumalis  Brown) ;  Lower  California :  La  Joya  (Horn,  1894:  313). 

H.  vilis  occurs  in  running  water ;  where  the  water  is  shallow  and  the  current 
slow  it  may  be  in  midstream,  but  in  faster,  deeper  water  it  stays  near  the 
edges  of  pools  and  backwaters.  There  are  several  closely  allied  species  of  simi- 
lar appearance. 

Genus  Deronectes  Sharp 

Der&nectes  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:390  (in  key),  418  (species), 
865  (synthesis). 

Genotype:  Hydroporus  latus  Stephens  1828,  designated  by  F.  Balfour- 
Browne,  1934. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Deronectes  of  Lower  California 

1.  More  broadly  oval  and  convex  species;  elytral  striae  (sutural,  discal,  subhumeral)  but 

slightly  impressed,  consisting  of  punctures  of  irregular  sizes 2 

— More  elongate  species,  less  strongly  convex;  elytra  densely  covered  with  fine  golden 
pubescence ;  elytral  striae  impressed,  especially  the  sutural 3 

2.  Elytra  virtually  glabrous;  form  less  obese;  elytra  black  with  a  yellow  fascia  near 

base,  an  indistinct  median  fascia,  and  vague  yellow  markings  laterally  near 

apex (22)  addendus 

— Elytra  finely  pubescent;  form  more  strongly  convex;  elytra  yellowish,  with  ante-  and 
postmedian  interrupted  black  fasciae corpulentus 

3.  Outer  discal  striae  feeble,  more  or  less  indistinct  and  incomplete ;  prosternal  intercoxal 

carina  terminating  anteriorly  in  a  distinct  prominence;  side  margins  of  pronotum 
evidently  widened  posteriorly;  male  pro-  and  mesotarsi  greatly  enlarged;  larger  and 

more  robust  species,  5  to  6  mm.  long (23)  funereus 

— Outer  discal  striae  nearly  as  distinct  and  complete  as  inner  ones;  prosternal  intercoxal 
carina  not  terminating  in  a  distinct  prominence  anteriorly;  side  margins  of  pro- 
notum not  widened  posteriorly;  male  pro-  and  mesotarsi  but  little  wider  than  those 
of  female;  smaller  species,  4.25  to  5  mm.  long (24)  striateUus 

(22)  Deronectes  addendus  (Crotch) 

Hydroporus  addendus  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:393;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans. 
Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:446. 

Hydroporus  (Deronectes)  pinguis  var.  confluentus  Fall,  1923,  Eevis.  N.  Am.  spp.  Hydro- 
porus and  Agaporus,  p.  99  (key),  102  (description).  New  synonym. 

There  has  been  a  mix-up  in  the  synonymy  of  this  species.  Crotch  described 
addendus  from  specimens  in  the  Horn  collection,  and  his  type  is  in  the  Acad- 
emy of  Natural  Sciences  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Dr.  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  compared 
a  water-color  sketch  of  mine  with  the  type,  and  wrote  as  follows  (letter  of 
January  21,  1942) :  "I  made  comparisons  with  our  type  of  Hydroporus  ad- 
dendus of  which  we  have  two  specimens,  labelled  'Cal.'  beneath  which  there 
is  a  square  orange  label  denoting  Lower  California.  They  agree  very  well  with 
your  figure  of  confluentus.'^ 


398  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Fall  (1923),  misled  by  a  specimen  in  the  LeConte  Collection,  identified  by 
LeConte  as  E.  addendus  Crotch,  redescribed  the  true  addendus  as  a  new 
variety  confluentus  of  his  new  species  pinguis.  Later  he  discovered  the  error, 
and  published  a  note  on  it  (1932: 145).  But  unfortunately  he  made  his  E. 
pinguis,  rather  than  the  variety,  a  synonym  of  addendus.  If  pinguis  and  con- 
fluentus were  not  separable  Fall's  synonymy  would  be  correct ;  but  the  two  are 
readily  distinguished  by  color,  and  thus  we  have  Deronectes  addendus  adden- 
dus (Crotch)  with  synonym  Eydroporus  pinguis  var.  confluentus  Fall),  and 
D.  addendus  pinguis  (Fall),  separable  as  follows : 

1.  Color  of  elytra  predominantly  black,  the  fasciae  wide  and  confluent,  usually  leaving  a 
rather  broad  posteriorly  indented  basal  band,  a  transverse  median  series  of  spots 
and  some  small  apical  marginal  spots,  orange-yellow.  (Lower  California,  Arizona) 

addendus  addendus* 
— Color  of  elytra  predominantly  yellow,  elytral  markings  indefinite,  brokenly  fasciate, 
sometimes  very  much  reduced  (Texas,  Arizona,  southern  California) 

addendus  pinguis 

I  have  not  seen  examples  of  the  subspecies  addendus  from  Arizona,  nor  of 
the  subspecies  pinguis  from  southern  California.  The  illustration  of  D.  ad- 
dendus in  Sharp  (1882,  pi.  13,  fig.  160)  appears  to  be  of  a  well-marked  ex- 
ample of  the  subsp.  pinguis,  but  in  describing  that  form  Fall  records  two 
specimens  labelled  "Unknown  to  me,  D.S."  in  Sharp's  handwriting. 

Type  locality:  of  addendus  addendus  (Crotch),  Lower  California;  of  its 
sjTQonym,  confluentus  (Fall),  San  Felipe,  Lower  Calif.  (Gustav  Beyer)  ;  of 
addendus  pinguis  (Fall) ,  Davis  Mts.,  Texas. 

Recorded  distribution  of  addendus  addendus,  Lower  California:  San 
Felipe.  Twelve  males  and  10  females  seen,  A.M.N.H.  Collection. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  3,  Triunfo,  July  13  (pools  in  arroyo) ;  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Dr.  P.  J.  Darlington,  has  compared  one  of 
these  specimens  with  the  type  of  confluentus  Fall. 

Deronectes  corpulentus  (Fall) 

Eydroporus  (Deronectes)  corpulentus  Fall,  1923,  Eevis.  N.  Am.  sp.  Hydroporus  and  Aga- 
porus,  p.  99, 100. 

This  Arizona  species  is  not  represented  in  the  Lower  California  material 
before  me,  but  is  included  on  the  basis  of  Fall's  remark  {op.  cit.,  p.  101), 
"The  LeConte  Collection  contains  examples  from  either  Southern  California 
or  Lower  California." 


*  In  a  letter  dater  December  15,  1947,  Mr.  J.  Balfour-Browne  wrote  as  follows.  "A  new  synonymy 
which  I  have  just  noted:  Deronectes  addendus  Crotch  (non  Fall)  is  the  same  thing  as  Hydroporus  roffi, 
Clark  from  Mexico.  It  also  follows  that  Deronectes  pinguis  Fall  is  a  synonym  of  nehulosus  Sharp  which 
is  a  variety  (or  forma  coloris)  of  roffi,.  I  have  just  compared  Arizona  specimens  (from  Grace  Pickford) 
with  the  type  of  nehulosus  and  also  with  Fall's  description  of  pinguis.  The  agreement  is  absolute.  The 
specimens  differ  from  corpulentus  (two  specimens  received  from  you  some  time  ago  from  Rice,  Ariz., 
D,  K.  Duncan,  coll.)  in  exactly  the  manner  which  Fall  describes  for  pinguis." 

It  may  be  noted  that  according  to  the  table  given  by  Blackwelder  (1941.  The  gender  of  scientific  names 
in  zoology.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  Jour  31  (4)  :135-140),  the  name  Deronectes  is  feminine. 


Vol,  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  399 

(23)  Deronectes  f unereus  (Crotch) 

Eydroporus  f  unereus  Ceotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:392. 
Deronectes  f unereus,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  (2)2:446. 
Eydroporus  (Deronectes)  funereus,  Fall,  1923,  Eevis.  N.  Am.  sp.  Hydroporus  and  Aga- 
porus,  p.  105. 

D.  funereus  is  one  of  the  largest  species  in  the  genus.  The  dorsal  surface  is 
black,  with  a  reddish  spot  on  the  vertex  of  the  head,  and  one  of  variable  extent 
on  the  disk  of  the  pronotum ;  the  elytra  are  usually  entirely  black,  but  may 
have  a  basal,  postmedian  and  apical  transverse  series  of  longitudinal  reddish 
streaks.  D.  funereus  may  be  separated  from  addendus  by  its  greater  size,  more 
elongate  and  less  convex  form,  pubescent  elytra,  and  deeply  impressed  scutel- 
lar  and  sutural  striae.  Distinguished  from  the  smaller  striatellus  by  the  in- 
distinct outer  elytral  striae,  prosternal  prominence,  posteriorly  widened 
pronotal  side  margins,  and  enlarged  pro-  and  mesotarsi  of  male. 

Type  locality :  Lower  California.  Fall  (1923  :  105)  says  "Probably  the  upper 
part  of  the  Peninsula." 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Esteban,  San  Felipe ;  Cali- 
fornia :  Palm  Springs,  and  San  Diego  Co. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14  (stream) ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2  (irrigation  ditch).  Seven  specimens 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Two  of  the  above  specimens  were  compared  with  Crotch's  type  in  June 
1940,  by  Dr.  P.  J.  Darlington. 

(24)  Deronectes  striatellus  (LeConte) 

Eydroporus  striatellus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:207;  LeConte, 

1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:295;  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:392. 
Deronectes  striatellus,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:435,  pi.  13,  fig.  155; 

Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :27. 
Deronectes    (Potamodytes)    striatellus,   Zimmermann,   1919,  Arch.   f.   Naturg.    (1917), 

83(A.12):187. 
Eydroporus  (Deronectes)  striatellus,  Fall,  1923,  Eevis.  N.  Am.  sp.  Hydroporus  and  Aga- 

ponis,  p.  106. 
Eydroporus  corvinus  Needham  and  Christenson,  1927,  Utah  Agric.  Expt.  Sta.,  Bui.  201 

p.  33,  figs.  41,  42.  (not  Eydroporus  corvinus  Sharp,  1887).  New  synonym. 
Eydroporus  pulcher  Motschulsky,  1859,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou.  Bui.  32(3)  :163,  pi.  4, 

fig.  13  (not  E.  pulcher  LeConte,  1855;  not  E.  pulcher  Sharp,  1882:438);  Sharp, 

1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:808;  Horn,  1883,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 

10:281. 

This  little  species  varies  greatly  in  color,  and  a  good  deal  in  form.  Typically 
the  elytra  are  black,  with  a  few  yellowish  markings  basally,  but  in  many  ex- 
amples are  completely  black;  at  the  other  extreme  one  finds  non-teneral 
specimens  in  which  the  elytra  are  of  a  dull  yellow,  without  indication  of  black 
markings.  The  vestiture  is  fine  and  short,  and  does  not  show  if  the  beetle  is 
greasy.  D.  striatellus  is  a  stream  and  lake  species,  found  in  company  with 
funereus  where  the  latter  occurs. 


400  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Type  locality :  "San  Francisco  et  San  Diego,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  British  Columbia  to  South  Dakota  and  south  to 
Lower  California,  Texas,  and  Mexico.  Lower  California :  San  Francisquito. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  5,  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada, 
June  14  (stream)  ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  above  specimens  have  been  compared  with  a  homoeotype  in  my  collec- 
tion. 

Genus  Laccophilus  Leach 

LaccopMlus  Leach,  1817,  Zool.  Misc.  3:69. 

Genotype:  Dytiscus  minutus  Linnaeus,  1758,  {=o'bscurus  Panzer  1794), 
fixed  by  Westwood  in  1838. 

A  genus  of  world-wide  occurrence.  The  species  are  usually  difficult  to  sep- 
arate, but  the  aedeagus  of  the  male  genitalia  offers  good  specific  differences  in 
most  cases;  the  parameres  are  unlike,  the  left  being  larger  but  less  strongly 
sclerotized  than  the  right. 

Kky  to  the  Species  of  Laccophilus  of  Lowee  California 

1.  Elytra  spotted,  each  elytron  narrowly  yellow  along  anterior  two-thirds  of  lateral  margins, 

and  marked  with  eleven  yellow  spots,  two  or  more  of  which  are  usually  connected  to 
the  lateral  band ;  epipleura  largely  piceous ;  pronotum  yellow,  with  narrow  antescu- 
tellar  piceous  area;  underparts  yellow  or  brownish-yellow;  male  with  a  metacoxal 

file,  which  is  faint  or  absent  in  female (25)  pictus 

— Elytra  predominantly  yellow  or  brownish,  variously  maculate  with  brown,  never  black 
and  spotted  with  yellow ;  pronotum  without  median  basal  piceous  mark 2 

2.  Metasternum  and  metacoxal  plates  black,  abdominal  sternites  largely  piceous ;  elytra 

densely  and  nearly  uniformly  irrorated  with  small  elongate  brown  spots,  paler  later- 
ally and  at  apex ;  epipleura  yellow ;  male  with  a  metacoxal  file  which  is  entirely  lack- 
ing in  female;  average  length  slightly  less  than  5  mm (26)  atrist emails 

— Underparts  yellow  or  brownish  yellow 3 

3.  Larger  and  broader  species,  average  length  slightly  more  than  5  mm. ;  elytra  finely 

irrorated  with  brown  dots,  narrowly  yeUow  along  anterior  two-thirds  of  lateral 
margins,  each  elytron  marked  with  clear  yellow  spots  as  follows :  a  sub-basal  trans- 
verse series,  a  median  lateral  spot  joined  to  lateral  band,  one  postmedian  at  suture,  a 
series  at  apical  three-quarters,  and  a  transverse  sub-apical  series,  the  sub-basal  series 
usually  obsolescent  in  the  female ;  epipleura  yellow ;  male  with  a  long  metacoxal  file, 

which  is  faintly  indicated  in  female (27)  declpiens 

— Smaller  and  narrower  species,  average  length  4.75  mm.;  elytra  predominantly  yellow  in 
anterior  half  laterally,  basally,  and  at  apex,  and  with  a  dark  brown  area  at  lateral 
two-thirds,  irrorated  sections  of  elytra  sharply  outlined  with  darker  brown;  epi- 
pleura yellow;  male  with  metacoxal  file,  which  is  apparent  though  faint  in  female 

(28)  tenninalis 

(25)  Laccophilus  pictus  Laporte 

Laccophilus  pictus  Laporte,  1835,  ifitud.  ent.,  p.  104;  Aube,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydrocan- 
thares,  p.  441;  Horn,  1871,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  3:330;  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  Trans.  4:400;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Roy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:290;  Sharp, 
1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2):  11;  Horn,  1883,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 
10:277,  283,  and  pi.  9,  fig.  2. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  401 

Zimmermann  (1919  :  122)  has  suggested  that  insignis  Sharp  is  but  a  "geo- 
graphische  Rasse"  of  pictus.  This  is  certainly  wrong;  the  two  species  are 
readily  separated  on  several  characters,  including  the  median  lobe  of  the 
male  genitalia. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona;  Mexico  :  Puebla,  Teapa,  Oaxaca,  Paso  del 
Macho ;  Guatemala;  Lower  California:  "Baja  California  (Gabb),"  and  from 
between  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunf  o. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  8,  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July 
23,  (lagoon;  tinaja)  ;  150,  Triunfo,  July  13,  (pools  in  arroyo).  Seventy-three 
males  and  eighty-five  females  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  seven 
males  and  thirteen  females  collected  at  San  Felipe,  by  G.  W.  Beyer  (A.M.N. 
H.) ;  two  males,  Escondido  Bay;  June  14, 1921,  collected  by  J.  C.  Chamberlin 
(C.A.S.) ;  two  males,  eight  females,  Espiritu  Santo  Island,  June  9, 1921,  col- 
lected by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  (C.A.S.)  ;  four  males,  San  Marcos  Island,  June  19, 
1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee,  (C.A.S.) . 

Laccophilus  insignis  Sharp 

LaccopMlus  insignis  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:290;  Horn,  1883,  Am. 
Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  10 : 277,  283,  and  pi.  9,  fig.  1. 

In  describing  insignis,  Sharp  recorded  it  from  "North  America,  Texas;  (Lower  Cali- 
fornia fide  Crotch)."  Horn  pointed  out  that  it  had  been  confused  with  pictus  by  Crotch,  and 
actually  occurred  only  in  Texas.  I  have  seen  only  Texas  specimens,  and  believe  that  insignis 
should  be  removed  from  the  Lower  California  list. 

(26)  LaccopMlus  atristernalis  Crotch 

Laccophilus  atristernalis  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:400;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci. 
Trans.  Roy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:292;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :9; 
Horn,  1883,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  10:277. 

Crotch  described  his  species  from  "California."  Sharp  (1882:293)  sug- 
gested that  it  might  be  mexicanus  Aube,  and  gave  a  definite  synonymy  in 
another  paper  (1882 :  9) ,  Horn  announced  the  same  synonymy. 

Aube  (1838  :  420)  described  mexicanus  from  a  single  specimen  from  Mex- 
ico. Sharp  had  not  seen  the  type,  but  in  his  paper  for  the  Biologia  he  said : 
"This  appears  to  be  the  most  abundant  species  of  Mexican  Dytiscidae.  . . . 
There  can,  I  think,  be  no  doubt  now  that  Aube's  description  (loc.  cit.)  refers 
to  this  insect ;  and  I  have  therefore  adopted  his  name  for  it."  He  recorded  it 
from  Oaxaca,  Jalapa,  Guanajuato  and  Cordova. 

I  have  six  specimens  from  Oaxaca,  Oax.,  Mexico,  5,000  ft.  elev.,  July  20, 
1937  (Mel  Embury),  which  are  quite  surely  the  mexicanus  Aube  of  Sharp; 
the  elytral  apices  are  pale,  as  given  by  Sharp,  though  not  mentioned  by  Aube. 
However,  these  examples  are  separable  by  the  male  genitalia  from  California 
and  Lower  California  specimens. 

Recorded  distribution  (atristernalis)  :  California. 


402  CALIF  OMNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

New  records.  Lower  California :  Triunf o,  July  13  (pools  in  arroyo) .  Three 
males  and  two  females  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Koss. 

(27)  Laccophilus  decipiens  LeConte 

Laccophilus  decipiens  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:205;  Crotch,  1873, 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:400;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:289; 
Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2) :  10;  Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer., 
Coleopt.  1(2)  : 749;  Horn,  1894,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc.  (2)4:313. 

Laccophilus  truncatus  Mannerheim,  1853,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  26(3)  :160. 

Laccophilus  calif ornicus  Motschulsky,  1859,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  32(3)  :172. 

Laccophilus  [sic  !]  maculosus  Walker,  1866,  in:  Lord's  Nat.  in  Vane.  Isl.  and  B.  C,  2 
(Appendix)  : 317.  (not  Laccophilus  maculosus  (Germar)  1824). 

?  Laccophilus  fusculus  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:290;  Horn,  1883, 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  10:277. 

This  is  the  commonest  species  of  Laccophilus  in  western  Canada  and  the 
United  States.  It  occurs  from  sea  level  on  the  coast,  to  at  least  8,000  feet  eleva- 
tion in  the  mountains  of  Colorado. 

The  synonymy  given  above  is  that  found  in  the  literature.  I  have  not  been 
able  to  verify  truncatus  or  calif  ornicus  other  than  by  description,  but  there 
seem  no  reasons  for  doubting  these  placements.  Mr.  J.  Balfour-Browne  has 
examined  Walker's  type  of  maculosus  for  me,  and  confirms  the  reported 
synonymy. 

Type  locality  of  decipiens  LeConte :  "In  California,  et  in  Territorio  Oregon- 
ensi  abundat," 

of  truncatus  Mannerheim :  "in  peninsula  Kenae  et  in  insula 

St.  Georgii,"  Alaska, 
of  calif  ornicus  Motschulsky :  "St.  Francisco,"  California, 
of  maculosus  (Walker)  :  British  Columbia,  and 
of  fusculus  Sharp  :  "Nevada." 
Recorded  distribution :  Alaska  to  California,  eastward  to  Alberta  and  Ari- 
zona, Mexico:  Guanajuato;  Chihuahua  City;  Lower  California:  "Baja  Cali- 
fornia (Gabb)." 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Rosario,  June  17.  One  female,  collected  by 

Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Mr.  J.  Balfour-Browne  says  that  the  British  Museum 

has  three  females  labelled  "L.  California,  N.  Boundary,  Godman-Salvin  coll." 

I  have  reason  to  suspect  that  the  records  of  decipiens  from  Arizona  and 

Mexico  refer  to  another  species,  L.  shermani  Leech,  1944 :  4. 

(28)  Laccophilus  terminalis  Sharp 

(Figure  1) 

Laccophilus  terminalis  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:292;  Horn,  1883, 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  10 : 277.  ; 

Varies  in  length  from  4  to  5  mm.  The  elytral  markings  may  be  obscure,  and 
such  specimens  resemble  teneraJ  atristernalis.  With  males  at  hand,  the  meta- 
coxal  file  and  aedeagus  are  diagnostic ;  I  have  not  seen  any  females  of  atrister- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATEB  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  403 

nalis  in  whicli  there  is  any  trace  of  a  metacoxal  file,  but  it  is  always  apparent, 
though  faint,  in  ierminalis. 

Type  locality :  Texas. 

Eecorded  distribution:  Texas;  Arizona;  California;  Mexico;  Guanajuato; 
Lower  California:  "Baja  California  (Gabb)." 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Fourteen  miles  south-east  of  Santonio, 
June  7 ;  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (lagoon ;  tinaga)  ;  Triunfo, 
July  13  (pools  in  arroyo).  Ninety-one  males  and  seventy-eight  females  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Dr.  F.  N.  Young  reports  two  males  from  Las  Parras,  December  23,  col- 
lected by  W.  M.  Mann.  These  are  in  the  IT.  S.  National  Museum  collection. 

Genus  Suphisellus  Crotch 

Suphisellus  Crotch,  1873,  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4(3  &  4)  :397;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans. 

Koy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:839. 
Suphisellus  Zimmeemann,  1921,  Archiv  f.  Naturg.  87(3)  :187. 

Genotype :  There  is  no  indication  in  the  literature  at  hand  that  a  genotype 
has  been  assigned.  I  hereby  designate  Noterus  Mcolor  Say,  1831 :  5,  as  the  type 
of  Suphisellus  Crotch. 

The  species  of  this  genus  occur  in  the  New  World,  and  previous  to  Zimmer- 
mann's  paper  on  the  South  American  forms,  were  included  in  Canthydrus 
Sharp.  However,  the  name  chosen  by  Zimmermann  had  already  been  pro- 
posed, albeit  obscurely,  by  Crotch.  In  discussing  Colpius  LeConte,  he  wrote 
"This  genus  appears  to  me  very  near  Suphis,  the  type  of  which  is  a  globose 
and  similarly  marked  species  {8.  cimicoides) ,  but  which  I  have  not  seen.  If 
these  two  were  shown  to  be  congeneric,  the  species  above  under  Suphis  might 
receive  the  name  Suphisellus. '^  The  species  he  placed  under  Suphis  were 
Noterus  hicolor  Say,  Suphis  lineatus  Horn  and  Suphis  puncticollis  Crotch. 
I  am  grateful  to  Dr.  Frank  Young  and  Mr.  J.  Balfour-Browne  for  drawing 
my  attention  to  Zimmermann's  and  Crotch's  uses  of  the  name  Suphisellus. 
Both  uses  are  listed  in  "Nomenclator  Zoologicus,"  vol.  4,  p.  353. 

In  Blackwelder's  Checklist  (1944:  73)  Suphisellus  Zimm.  is  by  error  put 
in  the  tribe  Suphisini,  instead  of  in  the  Hydrocanthini. 

It  is  usual  to  date  Noterus  Mcolor  Say  as  of  1834  (Amer.  Philos.  Soc,  Trans., 
4 :  446).  I  believe  the  1831  publication  to  be  valid ;  I  have  before  me  a  photo- 
graphic reproduction  of  the  title  page  and  p.  5-7  of  a  copy  in  the  library  of  the 
U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Suphisellus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Oval,  length  3  mm. ;  pronotum  reddish-yellow,  piceous  or  black  discally ;  elytra  reddish- 
yellow,  each  elytron  with  a  sutural,  a  discal,  a  humeral  and  a  submarginal  black 
vitta (29)  lineatus 

— Eather  broadly  oval,  length  2  mm.;  pronotum  and  elytra  yellowish-testaceous,  elytra 
darker (30)  levis 


404  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  See. 

(29)  Suphisellus  lineatus  (Horn) 

Suphis  lineatus  Horn,  1871,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  3:329;  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc, 

Trans.  4:397. 
Canthydrus  lineatus,  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:273. 

A  pretty  little  species,  readily  distinguished  by  the  black  vittae;  closely 
allied  to  ^S'.  mexicanus  Sharp  (=  lineatus  Wehncke,  1876,  not  lineatus  Horn, 

1871). 

Pronotum  shining,  impunctate  except  for  an  anterior  transverse  series,  a 
longitudinal  lateral  series,  and  a  few  scattered  punctures  at  base.  Elytral 
punctation  variable,  but  usually  distinct,  especially  along  the  black  vittae ; 
discal  vitta  sinuate,  extending  to  apical  five-sixths  where  it  may  join  sutural; 
humeral  vitta  terminating  a  little  behind  middle  of  elytra,  usually  with  a 
subhumeral  fork  at  base;  sublateral  vitta  beginning  at  basal  third  and  ex- 
tending almost  or  quite  to  apex.  Prosternum,  metasternum  and  metacoxal 
processes  with  elongate  setal-bearing  punctures;  last  three  or  four  visible 
abdominal  sternites  with  a  median  transverse  row  of  setal-bearing  punctures. 

Type  locality:  "Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California,  and  were  collected  by 
Mr.  Wm.  W.  Gabb."  But  note  that  in  1894 :  313,  Horn  says  "Collected  by  Mr. 
Gabb  in  Baja  California.  Special  locality  unknown." 

Recorded  distribution :  Baja  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California ;  Five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10 ; 
Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (lagoon) ;  four  males  and  one  female 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  female  is  less  strongly  punctate  than 
the  males,  and  has  narrower  elytral  vittae. 

(30)  Suphisellus  levis  FaU 

Canthydrus  levis  Fall,  1909,  Canad.  Ent.  41(5)  :161 

I  have  not  seen  examples  of  this  species ;  the  following  notes  are  taken  from 
Fall's  original  description  of  the  unique  type. 

Pronotum  subimpunctate,  except  for  a  line  of  rather  fine  punctures  along 
the  front  margin,  and  a  group  of  somewhat  numerous  coarser  but  feebly  im- 
pressed punctures  irregularly  placed  in  the  median  basal  region.  Elytra  with 
intermixed  fine  and  somewhat  coarser,  feebly  impressed  punctures,  which 
are  slightly  better  defined  in  two  discal  lines  bearing  fine  short  hairs.  Under- 
surface  almost  impunctate,  except  the  sternal  plates  [metacoxal  processes?], 
which  are  strongly,  rather  coarsely  punctate,  each  puncture  bearing  a 
posteriorly-directed  bristle-like  hair.  The  transverse  lines  of  punctures  of  the 
abdominal  sternites  are  almost  lacking. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  405 

Genus  Hydrocanthus  Say 

Hydrocanthus  Sat,  1823,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Trans.  (N.S.)  2(1)  :105. 

Genotype :  Hydrocanthus  iricolor  Say  1823,  the  only  species  mentioned  by 

(31)  Hydrocanthus  sp. 

Horn  (1894:313)  listed  H.  iricolor  as  occurring  at  Santa  Anita,  Lower 
California.  However,  he  was  inclined  to  recognize  only  one  species  of  Hydro- 
canthus from  America  north  of  Mexico  (see  Horn,  1883  :  277)  so  it  is  hard  to 
say  just  what  he  had  at  hand. 

Although  the  American  species  were  reviewed  by  Zimmermann  in  1928, 
the  disposition  of  our  forms  is  still  unsatisfactory.  It  is  improbable  that  the 
true  iricolor  occurs  in  Lower  California;  Zimmermann's  similator  was  de- 
scribed from  Massachusetts  and  California. 

Genus  Copelatus  Erichson 

Copelatus  Erichson,  1832,  Genera  Dyticeorum,  p.  18  (synopsis  of  genera),  38  (description). 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  posticatus  Fabricius,  1801,  the  only  named  species  cited 
by  Erichson. 

Small  to  medium  sized  beetles,  usually  rather  flat,  and  (in  our  species) 
with  impressed  longitudinal  elytral  striae,  a  short  posterior  submarginal  stria 
not  being  counted  when  enumerating  those  present. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Copelatus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra  clearly  ten-striate;  protibiae  of  males  a  little  curved  basally  and  notched  on  the 
inner  margin;  smaller  species,  4  mm.  long (32)  fragilis 

— Elytra  eight-striate,  often  with  one  or  two  short  striae  near  the  suture,  posteriorly;  pro- 
tibiae  simple  in  both  sexes;  larger  species,  5.5  to  6.5  mm.  long (33)  chevrolati 

(32)  Copelatus  fragilis  Sharp 

Copelatus  fragilis  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :40. 

This  species  was  listed  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  by  Horn  (1896  :  367) .  It  was 
described  as  from  Guatemala,  and  later  recorded  from  the  State  of  Tobasco, 
Mexico.  I  have  not  seen  any  specimens  from  Lower  California,  and  am  unable 
to  verify  its  occurrence. 

Copelatus  impressicoUis  Sharp 

Copelatus  impressicoUis  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:589;  Sharp,  1882, 
Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :40,  and  pi.  1,  fig.  10;  Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.- 
Amer.,  Coleopt.  (Suppl.)  1(2)  :757;  DuG^S,  1901,  Cat,  CoU.  Coleopt.  Mex.  (Ed.  2), 
pi.  6,  fig.  47;  Schaeffer,  1908,  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  16(1)  :  16-17. 

This  species  has  not  been  reported  from  Lower  California,  but  is  common 
in  parts  of  southern  Arizona,  and  in  Mexico.  Sharp's  discussions  suggest  that 
his  series  were  composite.  C.  impressicoUis  resembles  chevrolati  in  size,  but 
each  elytron  has  ten  discal  striae. 


406  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See, 

(33)  Copelatus  chevrolati  Aube 

Copelatus  chevrolati  AvBt,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydrocanthares,  p.  389;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci. 

Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:584;  Leng  and  Mutchler,  1918,  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 

Bui.  38:87. 
Copelatus  chevrolatii  [sic].  Crotch,  1873,  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4(3-4)  :413;  Schaeffer, 

1908,  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  16(1)  :17. 

In  1908,  Schaeffer  pointed  out  that  material  under  the  name  chevrolati 
appeared  to  be  composite ;  he  described  as  new  a  variety  australis  from  Texas, 
New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  California,  restricting  typical  chevrolati  to  Florida 
and  Georgia,  and  gave  the  following  key : 

"Each  elytron  with  eight  entire  striae  and  an  additional  short  sutural  stria,  which  latter 
never  extends  over  apical  half ;  elytra  piceous chevrolatii  Aube 

Each  elytron  with  eight  entire  striae;  but  without  short  sutural  stria;  elytra  pale  cas- 
taneous var.  australis" 

This  separation  holds  for  most  specimens  seen  from  the  United  States, 
though  examples  are  known  from  Arizona  in  which  the  sutural  stria  is  present. 
There  are  six  specimens  at  hand  from  Lower  California,  all  collected  at  the 
same  time  and  place;  three  males  and  two  females  agree  with  the  variety 
australis  as  to  striation,  but  the  elytra  are  darker  except  basally.  One  male 
has  the  sutural  stria  of  typical  chevrolati,  and  in  addition,  indications  of  an- 
other between  it  and  the  first  discal. 

Recorded  distribution :  Florida,  Georgia,  South  Carolina  for  typical  chev- 
rolati. Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  California,  for  the  var.  australis.  Lower 
California :  Baja  Calif. 

New  records.  Lower  California :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 
(lagoon) .  Four  males  and  two  females  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Genus  Agabus  Leach 

Agahus  Leach,  1817,  Zool.  Misc.,  3 :  68,  72. 

Genotype:  Dytiscus  serricornis  Paykull,  1799,  the  only  species  cited  by 
Leach. 

A  large  Holarctic  genus,  few  species  of  which  occur  as  far  south  as  Mexico, 
in  our  fauna.  The  majority  of  Nearctic  species  are  dull  in  color,  and  about 
8.5  mm.  long ;  they  are  found  in  many  habitats,  from  brackish  pools  to  clear 
streams. 

(34)  Agabus  regularis  (LeConte) 

Ilyhius  regularis  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:203. 

IlyoMtis  oUongus  Motschulsky,  1859,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  32:169;  Crotch,  1873, 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:414. 
IlyUosoma  regularis,  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:413,  414;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci. 

Trans.  Roy.  Dublin  Soc  (2)2:538,  and  pi.  14,  fig.  174;  Zimmermann,  1919,  Arch.  f. 

Naturg.  83(A.12)  :195,  and  pi.  3,  fig.  3. 
Agalus  regularis,  Leech,  1942,  Ent.  Soc  Am.,  Ann.  35(3)  :357,  358,  and  pi.  1,  fig.  1. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  407 

Length  10  to  11.5  mm.;  form  oblong  ovate,  strongly  convex;  piceous  dor- 
sally,  faintly  aenescent,  head,  sides  of  pronotum  and  elytra  in  basal  half 
rufeseent;  elytra  with  a  short  sublateral  pale  dash  usually  clearly  defined; 
underparts  rufous  to  rufo-piceous.  Meshes  of  elytral  sculpture  small,  of  ir- 
regular sizes  and  shapes.  Prosternal  process  lanceolate,  acuminate,  evenly 
rounded  or  slightly  flattened  along  middle.  Metasternal  side-wings  very  nar- 
row, tongue-like.  Metatibia  short,  broad,  reaching  its  greatest  width  at  basal 
third,  where  it  is  about  as  wide  as  apex  of  femur ;  punctures  paralleling  inner 
lower  margin  elongate,  close-set,  usually  forming  a  continuous  groove.  Pro- 
and  mesotarsi  of  male  not  much  wider  than  in  female,  first  three  segments 
clothed  beneath  with  golden  hairs,  some  of  which  are  dilated  apically  into 
small  round  palettes ;  inner  protarsal  claws  of  male  hardly  modified,  slightly 
broadened  in  basal  half. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution :  California ;  Lower  California  :  La  Chuparosa  Horn, 
1894:314). 

A.  regularis  occurs  in  streams,  usually  in  the  deeper  pools  of  those  having 
sandy  or  clayey  beds. 

There  are  several  other  species  of  Agabus  to  be  expected  in  the  northern 
parts  of  Lower  California.  A.  lugens  (LeConte)  is  black,  8.25  to  9.75  mm.  long, 
much  flatter  and  more  coarsely  sculptured  than  regularis;  its  metasternal 
wings  are  broad,  triangular,  prosternal  process  broader,  pointed  but  not  acu- 
minate ;  punctures  paralleling  inner  lower  margin  of  metatibiae  more  rounded, 
more  widely  spaced,  never  forming  a  continuous  groove. 

A.  lutosus  (LeConte)  is  about  8  mm.  long,  having  head  and  pronotum 
largely  black  with  a  greenish  sheen,  elytra  brown  or  yellowish-brown,  paler 
basally;  prosternal  process  narrow,  acuminate;  no  series  of  punctures  par- 
alleling inner  lower  margin  of  metatibiae ;  elytral  sculpture  of  male  very  fine, 
consisting  of  small  rounded  or  irregularly  shaped  meshes ;  in  the  female,  the 
elytral  meshes  are  much  coarser  and  more  deeply  impressed,  often  strongly 
elongated  basally  on  disc ;  inner  protarsal  claws  of  male  with  a  large  median 
tooth.  Both  lugens  and  lutosus  occur  in  streams. 

Genus  Rantus'  Dejeau* 
Rantus  Dejean  1833,  Cat.  Coleopt.  coll.  Dejean,  p.  54. 

Genotype :  Colymhetes  pulverosus  Stephens,  1828 :  69,  and  pi.  12,  fig.  2 ; 
designated  in  1839  by  Hope,  who  attributed  the  species  to  Knoch,  as  did  De- 
jean. Crotch  apparently  did  not  know  of  Hope's  citation,  and  in  1873  desig- 

^  In  a  correct  transliteration  from  the  Greek,  this  should  be  Rhantus,  as  was  pointed  out 
by  Agassiz  in  1846.  Blackwelder  (1939:17,  footnote  18)  prefers  the  emended  spelling. 

*  The  present  writer  accepts  the  validity  of  Dejean's  1833  and  1837  Catalogues  in  estab- 
lishing generic  names,  in  cases  where  described  species  were  listed  under  those  names.  By 
persons  who  do  not  accept  Dejean's  Catalogues,  Rantus  is  to  be  accredited  to  Stephens, 
1835,  Illustr.  British  Ent.,  Mandib.,  5:393,  rather  than  to  Boisduval  and  Lacordaire,  1835. 
According  to  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1940:205),  Stephens  published  in  March,  Boisduval  not 
until  September. 


408  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

nated  collaris  (Paykull),  1798  {=  Rantus  exsoletus  (Forster),  1771).  Thom- 
son (1859:13)  designated  B.  notatus  (Fab.),  now  known  as  B,  frontalis 
(Marsham). 

Beetles  of  medium  size,  resembling  some  species  of  Agahiis,  but  at  once 
distinguished  by  the  unequal  metatarsal  claws,  and  the  absence  of  a  linear 
group  of  cilia  at  the  postero-external  angle  of  the  metaf  emora. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Rantus  Said  to  Occur  in  Lower  California 

1.  Larger  species,  14  to  16  mm.  long;  black  above  and  below,  mouthparts  and  legs  slightly 

paler,  antennae  and  two  median  spots  on  head  rufous ;  inner  and  outer  claws  of  pro- 
and  mesotarsi  of  equal  length  in  male,  in  which  anterior  protarsal  claws  are  more 
sharply  bent  at  base  than  their  fellows,  and  sinuate  along  lower  margin.  (35)  atricolor 
— Smaller  species,  10  to  13  mm.  long ;  elytra  yellowish  finely  irrorated  with  black,  or  black 
except  at  apex  and  around  margins,  pronotum  yellowish  usually  marked  with  black 
spots,  ventral  surface  largely  piceous ;  at  least  mesotarsal  claws  of  male  unequal ...  2 

2.  Metaf  emora  largely  or  entirely  black 3 

— Metaf  emora  yellow;  protarsal  claws  of  male  short,  rather  evenly  arcuate,  anterior  ones 

a  little  broader  than  their  fellows (36)  gutticollis? 

3.  Protarsal  claws  of  male  not  as  long  as  claw-bearing  segment ;  female  without  roughened 

area  on  elytra ;  prosternal  carina  pale 4 

— Protarsal  claws  of  male  elongate,  anterior  ones  a  third  longer  than  their  fellows  and 
longer  than  claw-bearing  segment;  female  with  an  elongate-oval  area  of  rough 
sculpture  on  each  elytron,  from  humerus  to  beyond  middle ;  prosternal  carina  usually 
black (37)  anisonychus 

4.  Elytra  black,  except  narrowly  around  lateral  margins  which  are  yellowish-brown ;  the 

basal  and  scutellar  margins  are  also  usually  pale,  and  the  elytra  irrorated  apically. 
Male  protarsal  claws  subequal,  the  anterior  ones  a  little  straighter,  broader,  slightly 

sinuate  along  the  lower  margin,  the  inner  ones  evenly  arcuate (38)  mexicanus 

— Elytra  irrorated  throughout.  Male  protarsal  claws  both  nearly  straight  except  at  tip, 
both  sinuate  along  lower  margins (39)  flavogriseus 

(35)  Rantus  atricolor  (Aube) 

Colymbetes  atricolor  Aube,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydrocanthares,  p.  265. 

Bhantus  atricolor,  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:410;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy. 

Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:615;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :42,  and  pi.  1, 

fig.  11;  Hatch,  1929,  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :224. 

A  fine  black  species,  separable  at  once  by  the  color,  and  the  almost  equal 
inner  and  outer  claws  of  the  male  pro-  and  mesotarsi. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  The  northern  half  of  Mexico ;  southern  United 
States ;  Arizona,  New  Mexico;  Lower  California :  El  Taste ;  San  Francisquito. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Escondido  Bay,  June  14,  1921  (C.A.S.). 
Cedros  Island,  April  29,  1931,  a  teneral  specimen  collected  by  Chapman 
Grant  (S.D.N.H.M.). 

( 36 )  Rantus  gutticoUis  ( Say )  ? 

Colymbetes  gutticollis  Say,  1834,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Trans.  4:442;  LeConte  edition  of  Say's 

works,  1859,  2:556;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans.  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc  (2)2:761. 
Bhantus  gutticollis,  Wallis,  1933,  Canad.  Ent.  65(12) : 273. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  409 

Say's  gutticollis  has  never  been  satisfactorily  identified,  though  the  name 
is  usually  included  in  the  synonymy  under  hinotatus  (Harris).  Wallis  sug- 
gested that  gutticollis  is  probably  a  valid  species,  closely  allied  to  his  hoppingi. 
I  have  a  series  of  125  of  the  latter  before  me,  including  specimens  from  British 
Columbia,  Oregon,  Nevada,  Utah,  Colorado,  and  the  northern  two-thirds  of 
California.  The  males  of  hoppingi  are  in  every  case  separable  from  an  allied 
species,  represented  by  examples  from  Mexico,  southern  Arizona,  San  Diego 
Co.,  Calif.,  and  Lower  Calif ornia ;  this  second  species  fits  Say's  description  of 
gutticollis  excellently. 

Typically,  B.  gutticollis  as  here  recognized  has  four  black  spots  on  the  pro- 
notum,  but  as  in  hoppingi  these  may  vary  in  distinctness,  the  laterals  often 
disappearing  entirely.  It  may  be  separated  from  hoppingi  as  follows :  the 
anterior  protarsal  claws  of  the  male  gutticollis  are  straighter,  not  abruptly 
sinuate  along  the  inner  edge,  not  appreciably  broader  at  middle  than  at  base; 
the  aedeagus  (in  a  ventral  view)  has  the  apical  quarter  thicker,  twisted  only 
about  half  as  much  to  the  side ;  the  general  color  is  more  definitely  rufous. 

Type  locality  :  Mexico.  "Taken  in  the  river  beyond  Vera  Cruz." 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico ;  southern  Arizona.  (Lower  California :  San 
Esteban,  if  we  presume  the  hinotatus  Harris  of  Horn's  list  to  be  gutticollis.) 

New  records :  Mexico :  Pachucha,  8,000  ft.,  July  6,  1937  (M.  Embury)  ; 
Tancitaro,  Michoacan,  6,580  ft.,  July  17,  1940  (H.  Hoogstraal).  Arizona: 
Baboquivar  Mts.  (F.  H.  Snow)  ;  Douglas,  August  (F.  H.  Snow) ;  Rice,  June 
1930  (D.  K.  Duncan) ;  Alamo  Canyon,  Ajo  Mts.,  Organ  Pipe  Cactus  Nat. 
Monument,  Pima  Co.,  December  12,  1939  (C.  F.  Harbison).  California:  San 
Diego,  August  26,  1921  (F.  E.  Blaisdell) ;  Potrero,  La  Puerta  and  Mission 
Dam,  all  in  San  Diego  Co.  Lower  California :  1  female,  Hamilton  Ranch,  Aug- 
ust 2,  1938  (irrigation  ditch)  (Michelbacher  and  Ross) ;  5  males,  3  females, 
Santa  Inez  near  Catavina,  July  15, 1941  (C.  F.  Harbison) . 

(37)  Rantus  anisonychus  (Crotch) 

Rhantus  anisonychus  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:409;  Sharp,  1882,  Sci.  Trans. 
Eoy.  Dublin  Soc.  (2)2:615;  Hatch,  1929,  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :223. 

This  species  is  easily  recognized  by  the  protarsal  claws  of  the  male,  and  by 
the  dual  elytral  sculpture  and  produced  anterior  pronotal  angles  of  the  fe- 
male. It  occurs  fairly  commonly  in  brackish  water  in  the  San  Francisco  Bay 
region  of  California,  but  is  rare  further  south.  I  doubt  that  it  occurs  in  the 
southern  part  of  Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  not  stated  in  the  original  description.  Dr.  Darlington  says 
"The  first  specimen  in  the  LeConte  Collection  is  probably  Crotch's  type.  It 
....  is  labelled  S.  Fr.,  standing,  I  suppose,  for  San  Francisco."  (Letter  of  June 
23,1941.) 

Recorded  distribution :  California,  as  far  south  as  San  Diego.  Lower  Cali- 
fornia; "between  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunfo,  near  sea  level."  (Grossbeck 
1912;  identification  given  with  a  question  mark.) 


410  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(38)  Rantus  mexicanus  (Laporte) 

Cdlymbetes  mexicanus  Laporte,  1835,  Etudes  ent. . .    :101;   Aub^,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des 

Hydrocanthares,  p.  249. 
Bhantus  mexicanus  Castelnau  [=  Laporte],  Sharp,  1882,  Koy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sei.  Trans. 

(2)2:614;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :42. 

With  some  doubt  I  so  identify  a  damaged  male  from  Comondu.  It  is  most 
closely  allied  to  the  species  I  have  identified  in  this  paper  as  gutticollis  (Say) , 
and  to  hoppingi  (Wallis),  but  is  at  once  distinguished  by  the  color  of  the 
elytra  and  underparts.  The  elytra  of  this  specimen  are  black  except  for  two 
spots  near  the  scutellum  and  a  narrow  lateral  margin  yellowish-brown,  and 
the  irrorated  apex. 

Hatch  (1929.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :  222)  has  included  ''Bhantus 
mexicanus  Cast."  in  his  key,  and  recorded  it  from  Mexico  and  Oklahoma;  the 
the  present  specimen  will  not  run  to  mexicanus  in  Hatch's  key,  differing  in  the 
color  of  the  metaf  emora  which  are  black  except  at  the  extreme  apex  and  nar- 
rowly along  the  hind  margin. 

Type  locality :  Mexique. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico,  Guatemala. 

New  records:  (provisional  identification)  Lower  California;  Comondu, 
26°2'-lll°58',  8.  xi.  1941  (F.  F.  Gander) . 

(39)  Rantus  flavogrisens  (Crotch) 

Bhantus  flavogriseus  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:409;  Sharp,  1882,  Roy.  Dublin 
Soe.,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:824;  Hatch,  1929,  Brook.  Ent.  Soc.  Bui.  23(5)  :223. 

This  "lost"  species  was  listed  by  Horn  (1894:  314)  as  occurring  in  Lower 
California  at  Comondu,  and  on  Guadeloupe  Island.  He  also  recorded  B.  hino- 
tatus  (Harris)  from  San  Esteban.  These  records  require  confirmation;  the 
San  Esteban  record  will  be  found  credited  to  gutticollis  in  the  present  article. 

The  problem  is  complicated  by  the  fact  that  earlier  authors  confused  two  or 
more  species  under  the  name  hinotatus.  Recently  Mr.  J.  Balf  our-Browne  has 
studied  the  Mexican  species,  and  in  litteris  (March  12,  1940),  makes  the  fol- 
lowing comments :  "The  species  from  Mexico  and  the  south-western  United 
States  which  has  long  passed  as  hinotatus  (Harris),  is  the  maculicollis  of 
Aube ;  but  this  latter  is  the  same  as  hinotatus  Aube  (not  of  Harris)  from  San 
Domingo  (re-named  by  Gemminger  and  Harold  as  dominguensis) ,  which  is 
merely  an  aberration  of  the  previously  described  mexicanus  Castelnau.  B, 
hinotatus  (Harris)  is  a  plastic  species,  and  includes  as  color  variants,  some  of 
which  may  be  subspecific,  such  forms  as  longipes  (Sharp),  ohscurus  (Sharp), 
assimilis  (Kirby),  plehejus  (Sharp),  and  probably  flavogriseus  (Crotch)." 

The  above  remarks  are  not  to  be  construed  as  Balfour-Browne's  final  con- 
elusions,  and  no  statement  of  synonymj^  should  be  drawn  from  them  at 
present. 

Type  locality  of  flavogriseus:  not  given  by  Crotch  in  the  original  descrip- 


Voii.XXIV]  LEECE:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  411 

tion.  Dr.  Darlington  says  that  the  two  presumed  cotypes  in  the  LeConte 
Collection  "bear  discolored  gold  disks  which  probably  signify  California." 
(Letterof  June  23, 1941.) 

Genus  Megadytes  Sharp 

Megadytes  Sharp,  1882,  Roy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:701  (key),  704,  917. 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  latus  Fabricius,  1801.  Designated  by  Brinck,  1945 :  7. 
Both  the  species  here  discussed  belong  in  the  typical  subgenus. 

The  species  of  Megadytes  resemble  those  of  Cyhister  in  a  general  way,  but 
are  separated  by  the  presence  of  two  metatarsal  claws  in  both  sexes.  Megadytes 
is  typically  from  South  and  Central  America  and  the  Antilles,  but  occurs  as 
far  west  and  north  as  Lower  California;  Cyhister  is  found  in  both  the  Old  and 
New  World,  but  not  in  South  America. 

Only  M.  fraternus  Sharp  has  been  recorded  from  Lower  California.  There 
are  two  species  in  the  material  at  hand ;  although  they  agree  well  with  the 
descriptions  of  two  of  Sharp's  species,  they  are  not  the  same  as  specimens  from 
Mexico  proper,  which  also  trace  to  Sharp's  species.  Since  it  is  at  present  im- 
possible to  have  examples  compared  with  the  types  in  the  British  Museum,  it 
seems  best  to  treat  our  material  as  follows : 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Megabytes  of  Lower  California 

1.  Protarsi  of  male  large,  nearly  3  mm.  in  a  transverse  direction ;  female  with  elytra  almost 
covered  with  a  sexual  sculpture  of  large  elongate  punctures,  not  smooth  as  in  male 

(40)  species  near  fraternus 

■ — Protarsi  of  male  small,  only  2  mm.  in  a  transverse  direction ;  female  elytra  as  in  male, 
with  the  usual  three  longitudinal  series  of  well-spaced  round  punctures,  and  an  ex- 
ceedingly fine  micro-punctation,  but  no  extra  sexual  sculpture.  (41)  species  near  flohri 

(40)  Megadytes  sp.,  near  fraternus  Sharp 

Megadytes  fraternus  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:708,  and  pi.  18,  fig. 
222. 

Sharp  stated  that  his  type  was  from  Panama,  and  that  one  or  more  addi- 
tional species  might  be  represented  in  the  material  which  he  studied  from 
Guatemala,  Guadeloupe,  St.  Domingo,  and  Demerara. 

I  have  a  male  from  Oaxaca,  Oax.,  Mexico,  which  agrees  well  with  Sharp's 
description ;  but  the  genitalia  of  this  specimen  are  very  distinct  from  those  of  a 
male  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  California. 

Lower  California  specimens  examined :  One  male,  1  female,  San  Jose  del 
Cabo ;  the  female  was  identified  by  Ch.  Fuchs,  and  labelled  as  comparing  ex- 
actly with  a  specimen  determined  as  fraternus  by  G.  H.  Horn.  The  male  is  in 
the  collection  of  the  late  Ralph  Hopping,  the  female  in  the  C.A.S.  Also  2 
females  from  Triunfo,  July  14, 1938,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Eoss. 

Horn  (1894 :  314-315)  cited  specimens,  which  he  considered  to  be  fraternus, 
from  Cabo  San  Lucas  and  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  Grossbeck  (1912:  324)  listed  a 
specimen  taken  "between  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunfo,  near  sea-level. 


» 


412  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(41)  Megadytes  sp.,  near  flohri  Sharp 

Megadytes  flohri  Sharp,  1882,  Roy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:709. 

Sharp  described  this  species  from  a  single  immature  pair  from  Mexico. 
Later  in  the  same  year  (Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :  47)  he  recorded  it 
from  "Mexico,  city  of  Mexico  (Flohr),  Vera  Cruz  (Hoge),  Cordova  (Salle)," 
the  first  locality  referring  presumably  to  the  types. 

I  have  specimens  from  the  State  of  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  about  175  miles 
north  of  Mexico  City;  these  agree  well  with  Sharp's  description,  except  that 
the  elytra  are  not  so  clearly  marked  with  reddish  laterally.  Two  females  from 
Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  Lower  California,  July  23,  1939  (Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross) ,  also  agree  well  with  the  description ;  in  the  absence  of  males, 
it  seems  best  to  leave  the  final  identification  until  a  good  series  is  available. 

Genus  Cybister  Curtis 

CyUster  Ctirtis,  1827,  British  Ent.  4:15L 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  lateralis  Fabricius,  1798  (=  Cybister  tripunctatus 
(Olivier),  1795),  designated  by  Curtis,  1827.  Crotch  in  1873  cited  roeseli 
(Fiiessly),  1775,  which  is  later alimarginalis  (Degeer),  1774. 

Brinck  (1945:  11,  et  seq.)  has  proposed  six  new  subgenera  of  Cytister, 
but  unfortunately  he  too  seems  to  have  overlooked  Curtis'  designation.  He 
gives  Dytiscus  lateralimarginalis  Degeer  as  the  type  of  the  typical  subgenus, 
and  designates  D.  tripunctatus  Olivier  (of  which  lateralis  Fabricius  is  a 
synonym)  as  the  type  of  his  new  subgenus  Gschwendtnerhydrus.  Both  the 
species  below  recorded  from  Lower  California  he  puts  in  his  new  subgenus 
Nealocomerus,  with  type  Dytiscus  fimhriolatus  Say,  1823. 

Large,  active  beetles,  usually  green  or  rufous  dorsally,  with  (in  our  species) 
a  yellowish  border  along  each  side,  from  the  anterior  angles  of  the  pronotum 
to  the  elytral  apices. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Cybister  of  Lower  California 

1.  Female  with  a  rudimentary  second  claw  on  each  metatarsus ;  sides  of  head  and  pronotum, 
and  elytra  except  near  suture,  with  a  sexual  sculpture  of  impressed  lines  in  female ; 
outer  posterior  angle  of  metafemur  not  produced,  not  acute.  Length  about  28  mm. 

(42)  eUipticus 

— Female  with  only  a  single  claw  on  metatarsus,  and  without  sexual  sculpture  on  elytra; 
outer  posterior  angle  of  metafemur  acute,  produced  posteriorly  in  both  sexes.  Length 
about  27  mm (43)  explanatus 

(42)  Cybister  eUipticus  LeConte 

Cylister  eUipticus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:202 ;  Crotch,  1873,  Am. 
Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:399;  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:716;  Fall, 
1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ  Papers  8 :54. 

Horn  (1894:315)  recorded  this  species  from  Cabo  San  Lucas,  on  the  au- 
thority of  Henry  Ulke.  I  suspect  that  the  latter  misidentified  explanatus;  the 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  413 

two  species  are  alike  in  general  f  acies,  though  elUpticus  is  distinctly  narrower 
and  more  elongate. 

Type  locality :  "In  vallem  fluminis  Colorado  abundat."  California. 

(43)  Cybister  explanatus  LeConte 

(Figure  6) 

Cybister  explanatus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:202;  Crotch,  1873, 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:399;  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:734; 
Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2):759;  Wickham,  1893,  Iowa  State 
Univ.,  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Bui.  2:324,  pi.  6,  fig.  4;  Zimmermann,  1919,  Arch.  f.  Naturg. 
(1917),83(A.12):242. 

A  distinctive  species,  with  the  outer  hind  angles  of  the  metafemora  pro- 
duced. The  elytra  are  broadly  margined  with  yellow,  the  pronotum  less  widely 
so,  and  often  narrowly  yellowish  along  the  base  and  apex.  In  general  appear- 
ance this  species  is  very  similar  to  elUpticus  LeConte  and  fluvocinctus  Aube. 

Males  of  explanatus  from  Lower  California  have  the  apex  of  the  aedeagus 
less  deeply  indented  at  the  middle  than  is  the  case  in  California  examples,  but 
there  is  some  variation  shown  in  a  large  series  from  Woodland,  Calif.,  so  the 
difference  may  not  be  significant. 

Zimmermann  (1919)  described  a  variety  fusculus  from  Mexico;  this  form 
had  been  mentioned,  but  not  described,  by  Sharp  (1887  :  759) .  It  differs  from 
typical  explanatus  in  being  brownish-black  beneath,  instead  of  yellowish-red, 
and  in  having  a  strong  sexual  elytral  sculpture  in  the  female.  His  variety 
laevicollis,  also  from  Mexico,  resembles  fusculus  in  color,  but  lacks  the  sexual 
sculpture  in  the  female.  The  Lower  California  specimens  before  me  do  not 
agree  with  either  of  Zimmermann's  varieties. 

Type  locality :  "ad  San  Diego,  Colorado  [River,  Calif.]  et  Sacramento  minus 
frequens." 

Recorded  distribution :  California ;  Mexico;  Essig  (1931 :  8,  and  fig.  13  on  p. 
9)  records  and  illustrates  specimens  from  the  McKittrick,  Calif.,  asphaltum 
pits. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Rosarito  Beach,  August  4 ;  San  Ignacio, 
June  26;  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23.  Five  males  and  three  fe- 
males collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  a  female  from  San  Ignacio, 
July  20,  1941,  collected  by  C.  F.  Harbison  (S.D.N.H.M.). 

Genus  Dytiscus  Linnaeus^ 
Dytiscus  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  Ed.  10, 1 :411. 

Genotype:  Dytiscus  marginalis  Fabricius,  1775  {=  marginalis  Linnaeus, 
1758),  designated  by  Latreille.  Curtis  (1826  :  99),  Westwood  (1838 :  9),  and 

^  Dytiscus  is  admittedly  incorrectly  transliterated  from  the  Greek,  though  so  written  by 
Linnaeus.  Geoff roy  made  the  correction  to  Dytieus  in  1762,  and  was  followed  by  several 
authors,  notably  Bedel.  Blackwelder  (1939:17)  prefers  Dytieus,  while  F.  Balfour-Browne 
(1940:206)  uses  Dytiscus.  The  matter  cannot  be  finally  settled  until  passed  upon  by  the 
International  Commission  on  Zoological  Nomenclature,  which  apparently  would  have  to 
choose  amongst  (1)  an  error  in  transcription,  (2)  a  lapsus  calami,  or  (3)  acceptance  by 
"common  usage." 


414  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Crotch  (1873:406)  also  cite  marginalis.  But  Hope  (1839:131  and  137), 
Duponchel  (1845(5)  :  154),  and  Thomson  (1859: 12)  designated,  latissimus 
Linnaeus,  1758 ;  Thomson's  subgenus  Macrodytes,  of  which  he  states  the  tj^e 
to  be  D.  marginalis  Linnaeus,  is  thus  a  synonym  of  Dytiscus  Linnaeus. 

Kirby  proposed  the  subgenus  Leionotus  for  D.  conformis  Kunze,  1811 
{=  marginalis  Linn.),  and  D.  circumcinctus  Ahrens,  1811,  later  adding  his 
own  D.  (L.)  franklinii.  Hope  (1839:131)  designated  Dytiscus  conformis 
Kunze,  1811  {=  marginalis  Linn.,  1758),  as  the  type  of  Leionotus  Kirby,  at- 
tributing conformis  to  Stephens. 

(44)  Dytiscus  (Dytiscus)  marginicollis  LeConte 

Dytiscus  marginicollis  LeConte,  1845,  Boston  Soc,  Nat.  Hist.,  Proc.  1:201;  LeConte, 
1845,  Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.  5 :209,  and  pi.  18,  fig.  10 ;  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc, 
Trans.  4:408;  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sei.  Trans.  (2)2:638;  EssiG,  1926, 
Ins.  west.  N.  America,  p.  377;  Leech,  1941,  Ent.  News  52(10)  :290. 

Dyticus  (Macrodytes)  marginicollis,  Hatch,  1929,  Brook.  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  :226. 

Length  27  to  30  mm.  Head  dark  green  with  an  inverted  V-shaped  yellow 
mark  of  variable  extent,  from  anterior  margin  of  f rons  to  vertex ;  labrum  and 
clypeus  yellow.  Pronotum  dark  green  to  ruf  o-piceous,  broadly  margined  with 
yellow  anteriorly,  posteriorly,  and  at  sides.  Scutellum  usually  pale.  Elytra 
dark  green  to  distinctly  rufous,  margined  almost  to  apices  with  yellow,  ir- 
rorated  apically.  Ventral  surface  rufous  to  ruf  o-piceous.  Apices  of  metacoxal 
processes  pointed  but  not  spinose.  First  three  segments  of  male  protarsi 
broadened  to  form  a  disk,  which  is  provided  beneath  with  a  number  of  palettes 
and  two  cup-like  suckers,  the  larger  almost  twice  as  big  as  the  smaller. 

Type  locality :  "In  flumine  Missouri,"  U.S.A. 

Recorded  distribution:  Alaska  to  Alberta  and  California  (Hatch  1929), 
Utah,  Colorado,  Nevada. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2,  1938,  a  male 
collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross ;  Laguna  Hansen,  May  7,  1939,  a  male 
collected  by  Roland  Miller  (S.D.N.H.M.). 

Both  these  specimens  are  notably  more  parallel-sided  than  examples  from 
further  north,  but  I  hesitate  to  propose  a  subspecific  name  on  the  basis  of 
two  males. 

Genus  Eretes  Laporte 

Eunectes  Erichson,  1832,  Gen.  Dyt.,  p.  17,  23.  (not  Eunectes  Wagler,  1830,  Eeptilia). 
Eretes  Laporte,  1833,  Soc  Ent.  France,  Ann.  1(1832)  :397. 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  griseus  Fabricius,  1781  {=Dytiscus  sticticus  Linnaeus, 
1767 ) ,  designated  by  Laporte. 

A  genus  containing  two  species,  one  almost  cosmopolitan,  the  other  con- 
fined to  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and  Tasmania. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  415 

(45)  Eretes  sticticus  (Linnaeus) 

Dytiscus  sticticus  Linnaeus,  1767,  Syst.  Nat.,  Ed.  12,  p.  666. 

Eretes  sticticus,  Sharp,  1882,  Koy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:699;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol. 
Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :46;  Wickham,  1898,  Ent.  News  9(2)  :39;  Guignot, 
1933,  Hydroc.  de  France,  p.  663-667,  figs.  473-477;  Omer-Cooper,  1931,  Zool.  Soc. 
Lond.,  Proc.  (1931),  p.  794. 

Distinguishable  at  once  from  all  other  dytiscids  in  our  fauna  by  the  elytral 
margins,  which  from  behind  the  middle  to  about  the  posterior  fifth,  are  set 
with  short  flat  spines  and  fine  golden  hairs.  The  synonymy  for  sticticus  in- 
cludes ten  or  more  names,  for  which  see  Omer-Cooper's  paper,  cited  above. 

Length  14  to  17  mm. ;  yellowish-brown  above  and  below ;  head  black  basally, 
with  black  spot  between  the  eyes ;  pronotum  often  with  vague  piceous  mark- 
ings basally  and  at  middle  of  disc ;  elytra,  except  laterally,  with  many  small 
black  dots,  larger  on  each  serial  puncture,  also  a  post-median  lateral  spot  and 
an  irregular  transverse  band  at  apical  two-thirds  black.  Elytral  apices  slightly 
produced. 

Type  locality :  "Barbaria." 

Recorded  distribution :  This  species  is  almost  cosmopolitan ;  in  the  United 
States  it  has  been  listed  from  Kansas,  Texas,  New  Mexico  and  California. 
Lower  California :  Cabo  San  Lucas.  Tres  Marias  Islands. 

New  records :  Four  specimens  collected  by  H.  H.  Keif er  on  Clarion  Island. 

Genus  Thermonectus  Dejean' 

Thermonectus  Dejean,  1833  (emend.  1837),  Cat.  Coleopt.  coll.  Dejean,  p.  53. 
Thermonectus  Melsheimer,  1844,  Acad.  Nat.  Sei.  Phila.,  Proc.  2:26. 
Thermonectes  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:402  (and  398). 

Genotype:  of  Thermonectus  Dejean,  Dytiscus  circumscriptus  Latreille, 
1809,  the  only  valid  species  in  Dejean's  1833  list ;  of  Thermonectus  Melsheimer, 
Thermonectus  irroratus  Melsh.eim.ev,  184:4:  {- Acilius  {Thermonectus)  ornati- 
collis  Aube,  1838),  designated  by  Leech,  1941;  of  Thermonectes  Crotch, 
Acilius  ornaticollis  Aube,  designated  by  Crotch,  1873. 

Beetles  of  from  8  to  14  mm.  long,  rather  broadly  oval  and  convex,  usually 
prettily  marked  with  black  and  yellow.  Pronotum  without  lateral  marginal 
beading;  metatarsal  claws  unequal;  metatibial  spurs  distinctly  emarginate  at 
apex.  Elytra  of  females  often  partially  or  almost  completely  covered  with 
elongate  punctures. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Thermonectus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra,  at  least  in  basal  portion,  yellowish  with  numerous  black  specks 2 

— Elytra  black,  spotted  with  yellow  or  with  irregular  longitudinal  yellowish  marks  at 
sides    3 


^  If  the  validity  of  Dejean's  Catalogues  in  establishing  generic  names  is  not  acceptable 
to  all  students,  then  Thermonectus  may  be  attributed  to  Melsheimer,  1844.  See  Leech, 
1941:197. 


416  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See, 

2.  Smaller  species,  10  to  11  mm.  long;  pronotum  yellow  with  a  sub-basal  compressed  lentic- 

ular-shaped black  marking  on  each  side  of  median  line;  post-median  blackish 
fascia  of  elytra  discontinuous,  lightly  marked  or  virtually  absent;  basal  disk  on 
first  segment  of  protarsi  of  male  nearly  twice  as  large  as  either  of  the  other  two 

large  discs,  which  are  subequal (46)  peninsularis 

— Larger  species,  11  to  14  mm.  in  length ;  pronotum  with  an  anterior  and  a  sub-basal  black 
band  which  may  be  connected  at  each  side;  post-median  black  fascia  of  elytra 
usually  continuous,  broad,  well  marked ;  three  large  disks  on  first  segment  of  protarsi 
of  male  subequal (47)  nigrof asciatus 

3.  Elytra  black,  with  irregular  marginal  longitudinal  yellowish  marks,  which  may  be  divided 

by  black  lines  or  specks;  length  9  to  11  mm (48)  basillaris 

— Elytra  black,  definitely  marked  with  conspicuous  yellow  spots 4 

4.  Each  elytron  with  ten  or  eleven  yellow  spots  of  various  sizes,  lateral  spots  often  con- 

nected along  elytral  margin;  length  12  to  14  mm (49)  marmoratus 

— Each  elytron  marked  with  yellow  as  follows:  a  humeral  spot,  often  extended  basally 
towards  scutellum  and  posteriorly  along  side ;  a  spot  at  side,  near  middle ;  and  one, 
which  may  be  fasciform,  near  apex;  length  8  to  10  mm (50)  margineguttatus 

(46)  Thennonectus  peninsularis  (Horn) 

Thermonectes  peninsularis  Horn,  1894,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc.  (2)  :4:362,  and  pi.  8,  fig.  10. 

Horn  described  this  species  from  a  single  somewhat  teneral  male  from  San 
Jose  del  Cabo ;  this  specimen  is  C.A.S.  type  No.  6. 

I  have  seen  the  type  and  a  topotypical  male  from  Lower  California,  and 
two  males  from  El  Banito,  Valles,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  June  29,  1940 
(Harry  Hoogstraal) ,  from  a  small  permanent  pool;  also  a  teneral  male  labelled 
Valles,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  (Mel  Embury) .  Horn  described  the  elytra  as 
without  trace  of  a  black  postmedian  fascia,  but  there  is  one,  though  faint  and 
irregular,  in  the  type ;  it  is  perfectly  distinct  in  the  other  specimens. 

T.  peninsularis  is  very  similar  to  succinctus  ( Aube) ,  and  a  comparison  with 
Aube's  type  may  prove  them  to  be  the  same. 

(47)  Thermonectus  nigrof  asciatus  (Aube) 

(Figure  3) 

Acilius  (Thermonectus)  nigrof  asciatus  AuBi^,  1938,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydroc,  p.  136. 
Thermonectes  ornaticollis  var.  nigrof  asciatus,  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:403; 

WiCKHAM,  1893,  Iowa  State  Univ.,  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.,  Bui.  2:325,  and  pi.  8,  fig.  7. 
Thermonectes  nigrofasciatus,  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:677;  Shaep, 

1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2) :44,  and  pi.  1,  fig.  12;  Zimmermann,  1919, 

Arch.  f.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(A.12)  :229. 

In  1838  Aube  described  nigrofasciatus  and  an  allied  species,  ornaticollis, 
from  Mexico.  He  said  that  the  two  were  very  similar,  but  that  ornaticollis  was 
darker  in  color,  had  a  less  conspicuous  elytral  band,  and  had  the  pronotum 
smooth  in  both  sexes.  T.  nigrofasciatus  was  characterized  by  the  contrasting 
black  band  across  the  elytra  at  apical  third,  and  by  the  pronotal  sculpture  of 
small  irregular  and  deeply  engraved  punctures  in  the  female. 

Subsequent  authors  have  affirmed  their  belief  in  the  specific  distinctness  of 
the  two,  without  being  able  to  add  any  characters  for  their  separation.  I  find 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  417 

myself  in  a  similar  position,  except  that  an  apparent  slight  difference  in  the 
parameres  of  the  male  genitalia  has  been  noted. 

In  the  United  States  the  two  species  have  different  distributions,  and  are 
readHy  separated  in  the  following  manner : 

1.  Pronotum  smooth  in  both  sexes,  except  for  a  few  punctures  along  base  and  in  a  longi- 
tudinal impression  near  each  lateral  margin.  Form  usually  narrower,  and  more 
strongly  arched  in  profile.  Post-median  black  band  of  elytra  indistinct  or  absent. 
Elytra  of  female  with  elongate  punctures  discally  in  basal  half  or  less.  Texas,  Okla- 
homa, Kansas,  Nebraska,  eastward  to  Florida,  Pennsylvania  and  the  District  of 
Columbia omaticollis 

— Pronotum  of  males  smooth,  of  females  with  numerous  elongate  punctures  except  at  middle 
of  disc.  Form  broader  and  less  convex.  Post-median  black  band  strongly  marked  and 
usually  continuous.  Elytra  of  females  with  elongate  punctures  extending  over  entire 
basal  two-thirds  or  more.  Arizona nigrofasciatus 

A  series  of  16  specimens  from  Durango,  Dgo.,  Mexico,  May  30,  1937  (Mel 
Embury)  trace  to  nigrofasciatus  in  the  above  key,  and  agree  perfectly  with 
Aube's  description  of  that  species;  Sharp's  material  (1882:44)  was  from 
further  south,  between  San  Luis  Potosi  and  Oaxaca.  T.  omaticollis  occurs 
along  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  so  into  Texas,  etc. 

With  these  distributions  in  mind  one  would  expect  to  find  only  nigro- 
fasciatus in  Lower  California.  Such  appears  to  be  the  case,  but  the  specimens 
are  most  puzzling,  and  certainly  not  typical  of  the  species  as  found  in  Mexico 
proper,  and  Arizona.  They  may  represent  a  valid  subspecies  but  in  the  ab- 
sence of  examples  from  adjacent  parts  of  Mexico,  it  seems  best  not  to  propose 
a  name  at  present.  Of  nineteen  females  from  Lower  California,  four  have  a 
definite  sexual  sculpture  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum,  about  midway  between 
the  sides  and  the  median  line ;  these  specimens  also  have  a  sexual  sculpture 
on  the  median  basal  quarter  of  each  elytron.  Eleven  other  females  have  a  slight 
roughening  of  the  pronotum,  where  the  punctation  would  be,  and  a  dozen  or 
so  elongate  punctures  on  the  elytra;  four  females  have  no  sexual  sculpture 
on  either  the  pronotum  or  elytra,  and  would  trace  to  omaticollis  in  the  above 
couplet.  However,  the  twelve  males  all  agree  best  with  nigrofasciatus  as  to 
the  genitalia;  and  of  the  total  of  thirty-one  specimens,  all  but  five  have  the 
transverse  elj^ral  band  strongly  marked  and  entire. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Oaxaca,  Mexico,  north  to  Arizona  (and  Texas  ace. 
Zimmerman  1919  :  229) . 

New  records  (all  Lower  California)  :  Triunfo,  July  13,  (pool  in  arroyo)  ; 
Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (in  tinaja)  ;  Fourteen  miles  south- 
east of  Santonio,  July  7;  twelve  males  and  eighteen  females  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  one  female,  Escondido  Bay,  June  14, 1921  (J.  C. 
Chamberlin)  (C.A.S.). 

(48)  Thermonectus  basillaris  (Harris) 

Dytiscus  basillaris  Harris,  1829,  New  England  Farmer,  8(1)  :1;  Harris  in  Scudder,  1869, 
Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Occ.  Papers  1:355. 


418  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Thermonectes  hasilaris  [sic!],  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:402;  Sharp,  1882, 
Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)  2:684,  and  pi.  17,  fig.  212;  Sharp,  1882,  BioL 
Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :45;  Wickham,  1895,  Canad.  Ent.  27(6)  :152;  Blatch- 
LEY,  1910,  Coleopt. .  .Indiana,  p.  234;  Leng  and  Mutchler,  1918,  Am.  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.  Bui.,  38(3)  :89;  Zimmermann,  1919,  Arch.  f.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(A.12)  :230. 

Acilius  (Thermonectus)  incisus  Aube,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydroc,  p.  147. 

Acilius  (Thermonectus)  cinctatus  Atjbe,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydroc,  p.  151. 

Thermonectus  nimbatus  Melsheimer,  1844,  Aca.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  2:26. 

Acilius  laticinctus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.,  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:203;  Leng  and 
Mutchler,  1918,  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Bui.  38(3)  :90  (as  latecinctus,  sic!). 

Thermonectes  hasilaris  [sic!]  var.  latecinctus  [sic!].  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans 
4:402. 

Thermonectes  hasilaris  [sic!]  var.  intermedins  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:402 

Thermonectus  hasilaris  [sic!].  Leech,  1941,  Canad.  Ent.  73(11)  :197. 

This  species  is  predominantly  black  dorsally;  the  lateral  yellowish  marks 
are  normally  present  from  base  to  apex  of  the  elytra.  Western  specimens  tend 
to  lack  the  transverse  yellow  mark  on  the  pronotum  and  across  the  elytral 
bases,  and  to  be  ruf o-testaceous  ventrally ;  these  are  the  variety  intermedius 
(Crotch),  which  may  prove  to  be  a  valid  subspecies.  Some  examples  have  the 
elytra  more  broadly  yellow  at  middle  and  apex ;  LeConte  described  these  as 
a  distinct  species,  laticinctus,  but  they  appear  to  be  merely  aberrations  of 
hasillaris. 

Type  locality:  of  hasillaris  Harris,  none  given,  described  from  "Specimen 
a  male  in  the  cabinet  of  W.  Oakes,  Esq.,"  IVlr.  Oakes  collected  chiefly  in  IVTassa- 
chusetts  I  believe;  of  incisus  (Aube),  Mexico;  of  cinctatus  (Aube),  Mexico; 
of  laticinctus  (LeConte) ,  the  Colorado  Kiver,  Calif. ;  of  intermedius  (Crotch) , 
California ;  of  nimhatus  Melsheimer,  Pennsylvania. 

Recorded  distribution :  Southern  United  States ;  Mexico ;  Guatemala. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23. 
A  single  female  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  pronotum  is  black 
except  at  the  sides,  as  in  the  var.  intermedius,  but  the  ventral  surface  is  ruf o- 
piceous  as  in  typical  hasillaris. 

(49)  Thermonectus  marmoratus  (Hope) 

Hydaticus  marmoratus  Hope,  1832,  in:  Cuvier,  Animal  Kingdom,  14  (Class  Insecta  "Vol.  1)  : 
284,  and  pi.  32,  fig.  1;  Aube,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hjdrocantliares,  p.  167;  Heyne, 
1893-1908,  Die  exot.  Kafer,  p.  29. 

Thermonectes  marmoratus,  Crotch,  1873,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  4:403;  Shaep,  1882,  Eoy 
Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.  (2)2:683,  and  pi.  17,  fig.  211;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.- 
Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :45;  Zimmermann,  1919,  Arch.  f.  Naturg.  (1917),  83(A.12)  : 
230. 

Hydaticus  flavomaculatus  Chevrolat,  1833,  Coleopt.  Mexique,  f asc.  1,  Sp.  No.  4. 

Acilius  maculatus  LeConte,  1854,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:221  (not  Acilius  (Ther- 
monectus) maculatus  Aube,  1838). 

This  is  the  most  colorful  of  the  medium  sized  American  Dytiscidae.  The 
yellow  spots  on  the  elytra  vary  in  size,  though  the  two  median  sutural  ones 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  419 

are  usually  the  largest.  Zimmermann  (1919  :  230)  has  described  as  ab.  latefas- 
ciatus  a  form  in  which  the  discal  spots  are  joined  to  those  at  the  side,  forming 
a  broad  transverse  yellow  band  narrowly  broken  with  black  at  the  suture ;  he 
did  not  state  the  locality  in  which  this  aberration  occurs,  and  the  only  speci- 
men known  to  me  which  fits  the  description,  belong  to  a  distinct  species.  One 
example  of  marmoratus  at  hand  (San  Jose  del  Cabo)  has  the  elytra  suffused 
with  piceous,  the  only  yellow  being  four  small  basal  spots  and  an  arcuate 
median  series  of  four  large  one. 

I  am  not  sure  who  first  placed  maculatus  (LeConte)  as  a  sjrnonym,  unless  it 
was  Van  den  Branden  (1885  :  106) . 

Type  locality:  of  marmoratus  (Hope),  Mexico;  of  flavomaculatus  (Chev- 
rolat),  "Orixaba,"  Mexico;  of  maculatus  (LeConte),  "Copper  mines"  [? 
Arizona]. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico ;  Central  America ;  southwestern  United 
States:  Arizona,  Utah,  California;  Lower  California:  San  Jose  del  Cabo; 
Cabo  San  Lucas ;  between  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunf  o,  near  sea  level. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14;  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (in  tinaja).  A  male  and  two 
females  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  specimens  from  Espiritu 
Santo  Island,  Gulf  of  California,  June  9  (C.A.S.). 

(50)  Thennonectus  margineguttatus  (Aube) 

Aciliws    (Thermonectus)    margineguttatus  Aub:6,   1838,   Sp.   gen.   des.   Hydroc,  p.  149; 

Chevrolat,  1841,  Mag.  Zool.  (2)3:12. 
Thermonectes  margineguttatus,  Sharp,  1882,  Eoy.  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans.   (2)2:683; 

Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2) : 45. 

A  pretty  little  species  resembling  hasiUaris  at  first  glance.  The  three  larger 
palettes  of  the  male  protarsi  are  subequal  in  size  in  margineguttatus,  while 
the  basal  palette  is  much  larger  than  the  other  two  in  hasiUaris. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  From  Mexico  and  the  West  Indies  to  Brazil.  Horn 
(1896  :  368)  recorded  this  species  from  the  San  Jose  del  Cabo ;  I  have  not  seen 
Lower  California  examples. 

Genus  Hydaticus  Leach 

Hydaticus  Leach,  1817,  Zool.  Misc.  3:69,  72.  (not  Hydaticus  Schoenherr,  1825,  Curculi- 
onidae). 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  transversalis  Pontoppidian  1763;  designated  by  Curtis, 
1825:95  (attributing  the  species  to  Fabricius),  and  by  Crotch,  1873:403. 
Hope  (1839: 131)  cited  D.  hyhneri  Fabricius,  1787  (=D.  seminiger  Degeer, 
1774).  Duponchel  (1845  (6)  :  728)  designated  D.  fasciatus  Fabricius,  1775,  a 
species  not  listed  by  Leach,  but  now  placed  in  the  genus  Sandracottus  Sharp, 
1882. 


420  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  See. 

A  genus  containing  numerous  species,  many  of  whicli  occur  in  Africa  and 
the  East  Indies,  and  only  a  few  in  the  Nearctic  region.  Our  forms  average 
12  mm.  in  length. 

(51)  Hydaticus  sp. 

Horn  (1894:  314)  recorded  stagnalis  (Fabricius)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

Wallis  (1939)  has  shown  that  the  stagnalis  of  American  collections  is  not 
the  European  species,  but  is  in  fact  modestus  Sharp,  of  which  americanus 
Sharp  is  a  synonym.  From  the  known  distribution  of  modestus — British  Co- 
lumbia and  Alberta  eastward  to  the  Atlantic  coast,  and  southward  at  least  to 
Wisconsin  and  Illinois — I  am  extremely  doubtful  that  it  occurs  in  the  Cape 
region  of  Lower  California.  On  the  other  hand,  a  species  which  occurs  in  the 
near-by  state  of  Nayarit,  Mexico,  rimosus  Aube,  is  superficially  like  modestus, 
and  could  have  been  misidentified  by  Horn. 

(52)  Hydaticus  sp. 

Horn  (1896  :  368)  recorded  fi".  himarginatus  (Say)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

H.  himarginatus  is  a  species  of  the  eastern  half  of  the  United  States,  and 
again  I  would  be  much  surprised  to  know  that  it  occurred  at  San  Jose  del 
Cabo.  I  cannot  imagine  what  Horn  had  before  him  when  he  made  the  identi- 
fication. I  have  not  seen  any  species  of  Hydaticus  from  Lower  California. 

Family  GYRINIDAE 
Key  to  the  Genera  of  Gyrinidae  of  California  and  Lower  California 

1.  Last  apparent  abdominal  sternite  elongate,  conical,  pubescent  along  median  line ;  scutel- 

lum  not  visible;  small  species,  about  5  mm.  long.  (Not  recorded  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia)  Gyrates 

— Last  sternite  broader  and  flatter,  not  conical,  not  pubescent  along  median  line ;  scutellum 
visible  or  not ;  size  variable 2 

2.  ScuteUum  visible ;  elytra  striae  punctate ;  smaller  species,  length  4.5  to  8  mm. . . .  Gyrinus 
— Scutellum  invisible ;  elytral  striae  not  punctate ;  larger,  broader  species,  length  10  to  15 

mm. Dineutus 

Genus  Gyrinus  Geoffroy 

Gyrinus  Geoffroy,  1762,  Hist,  abreg.  Ins.  Paris,  1 :193.  (not  Gyrinus  Shaw,  1798,  Eeptilia). 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  natator  Linnaeus  1758,  the  only  described  species  in 
Geoffroy's  genus.  According  to  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1940 :  207),  "As  Geoffroy 
in  his  work  did  not  adopt  the  binominal  system,  Gyrinus  cannot  rank  for  date 
until  validated  by  Miiller,  1764."  However,  as  Goeffroy's  publication  of  1762 
is  recognized  by  Neave  in  his  recent  Nomenclator  Zoologicus,  I  have  so  credited 
the  genus  here.  Geoffroy  has  been  accepted  by  W.  E.  China  in  his  paper  on 
the  generic  nomenclature  of  the  British  Hemiptera,  he  being  influenced  by 
Opinion  46  of  the  International  Commission  on  Zoological  Nomenclature. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  421 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Gyeinus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytral  striae  not  impressed,  but  consisting  of  lineal  series  of  punctures;  intervals  flat; 
area  just  within  outer  apical  angle  inflated  to  form  an  oblique  rounded  ridge.  Under- 
surface  chiefly  rufous  or  rufo-piceous.  Median  lobe  (aedeagus)  of  male  genitalia 
constricted  beyond  middle,  the  apical  third  very  narrow,  parallel-sided,  spine-like. 
Elytra  shining,  polished  in  both  sexes.  Larger  species,  5  to  6  mm.  long.  (53)  plicifer. 

— Elytral  striae,  except  those  near  suture  and  sides,  impressed,  the  punctures  of  the  im- 
pressed series  coarser;  intervals  slightly  rounded.  No  oblique  plica  across  outer 
apical  angles  of  elytra.  Undersurface  chiefly  black  or  piceous.  Aedeagus  gradually 
narrowed  to  near  apex,  which  is  slightly  broadened  and  flattened.  Elytra  of  male 
shining,  of  female  microreticulate  and  dull.  Smaller  species,  4  to  5  mm..  (54)  parcus? 

(53)  Gyrinus  plicifer  LeConte 

Gyrinus  plicifer  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:209;  LeConte,  1868, 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc,  1868:  368,  371;  Eegimbart,  1883,  Soc.  Ent.  France, 
Ann.  (6)3:153,  and  pi.  6,  fig.  84;  Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt., 
(SuppL),  1(2)  :761;  Fall,  1922,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  47:287,  and  pL  16,  fig.  12. 

This  rather  strongly  convex  species  is  quite  easily  recognized  by  the  plica 
near  the  elytral  margin,  extending  across  the  outer  apical  angle.  The  median 
lobe  of  the  male  genitalia  is  narrow  and  spine-like  in  the  apical  third. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  From  the  southern  coast  of  British  Columbia  to 
California;  Colorado;  Arizona;  Texas;  Mexico:  northern  Sonora;  Lower 
California :  La  Chuparosa. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 

14  (stream;  irrigation  ditch) ;  Rosario,  June  17  (in  pool)  ;  San  Miguel,  July 

3 ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2 :  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3 

(in  a  brook).  Fifteen  males  and  twelve  females  collected  by  Michelbacher 

and  Ross. 

(54)  Gyrinus  parens  Say  ? 

Gyrinus  parcus  Say,  1834,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Trans.  4:448. 

Gyrinus  parcus  (LeConte)  [sic!  ],  Horn,  1884,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proe.  (2)4:315. 

Horn  there  records  parcus  from  La  Chuparosa,  Lower  California.  I  have 
not  seen  any  specimens  from  the  peninsula.  However,  in  1939  Dr.  George 
Ochs,  authority  on  the  Gyrinidae,  examined  my  series  under  this  name  from 
the  United  States  and  Mexico ;  he  placed  those  from  Iowa,  Texas,  Nebraska 
and  some  from  Oaxaca,  Oax.,  Mexico,  as  true  parcus  Say,  designating  other 
Oaxaca  examples  as  a  new  species.  It  is  possible  that  Horn's  specimens  are 
closer  to  it  than  to  true  parcus. 

Type  locality  of  parcus:  Mexico.  " 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico ;  Pennsylvania ;  Kansas ;  Texas ;  California; 
Lower  California  :  La  Chuparosa. 

Genus  Dineutus  MacLeay 

Dineutus  MacLeay,  1825,  Annulosa  Javanica,  1 :30. 
Dineutes  Auct. 


422  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See, 

Genotype :  Dineutus  politus  MacLeay,  1825 ;  the  only  species  mentioned  by 
MacLeay. 

Only  one  species,  suhlineatus  (Chevrolat),  has  been  recorded  from  Lower 
California,  but  soUtarius  (Aube)  is  to  be  expected  there. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Dineutus  of  California  and  Lower  California 

1.  Length  12  to  15  mm.  (Subgenus  Dineutus) ;  profemora  of  males  with  a  small  tooth  at 
apical  three-fourths,  on  lower  anterior  margin;  apex  of  median  lobe  of  male  gen- 
italia dorso-ventrally  flattened,  apices  of  parameres  sub-acute. ...  (55)  sublineatus 

— Length  9  to  10  mm.  (Subgenus  Cyclinus  Kirby) ;  profemora  of  males  with  small  tooth 
at  apical  three-fourths  on  lower  anterior  margin ;  apex  of  median  lobe  of  male  gen- 
italia distinctly  arched,  not  flattened,  apices  of  parameres  broadly  round . . .  solitarius 

(55)  Dineutus  (Dineutus)  sublineatus  (Chevrolat) 

(Figure  5) 

Gyrinus  suhlineatus  Chevrolat,  1833,  Coleopt.  Mexique,  Fasc.  1,  Sp.  No.  2. 

Dineutes  sublineatus,  Aub:^,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydroc,  p.  775 ;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.- 
Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :49;  E^gimbart,  1883,  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann,  (6)2:411,  also 
pi.  10,  fig.  12,  and  pi.  11,  fig.  33;  Eoberts,  1895,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  22:281,  283, 
also  pi.  5,  fig.  2,  and  pi.  6,  fig.  2a,  b. 

Dineutus  suhlineatus  (Aube)  [sic!],  LeConte,  1861,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc,  1861: 
335;  LeConte,  1878,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc,  1868:366,  367.  (LeConte  at- 
tributed the  species  to  Aube,  listing  "Gyrinus  subl.  Chevr."  as  a  synonym  thereof.) 

Dineutus  (Dineutus)  suhlineatus,  Hatch,  1930,  Publ.  Univ.  Oklahoma  Biol.  Survey, 
2(1)  :17. 

Dineutes  integer  LeConte,  1854,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:221. 

Dineutus  integer,  LeConte,  1861,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  1861,  [13]  :335;  LeConte, 
1868,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PhHa.,  Proc,  1868:367. 

A  large,  broad  species,  black  dorsally  with  submetallic  reflections,  legs  and 
undersurf ace  tinged  with  rufous. 

Type  locality  of  suhlineatus  Chevrolat :  ^'JVIexica  Bocadelmonte" ;  of  integer 
LeConte :  "Copper  JMines"  [  ?  Arizona] . 

Recorded  distribution:  From  Nicaragua  to  Arizona;  Lower  California: 
Cabo  San  Lucas. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Escondido  Bay,  June  14,  1921,  collected 
by  J.  C.  Chamberlin  (C.A.S.)  ;  Sonora,  March,  1939,  collected  by  Roland 
Miller  (S.D.N.H.]?^!.). 

Dineutus  (Cyclinus)  solitarius  (Aube) 

Dineutes  solitarius  Aub^,  1838,  Sp.  gen.  des  Hydroc,  p.  780;  B^gimbart,  1883,  Soc  Ent. 

Prance,  Ann.  (6)2:418,  and  pi.  12,  fig.  40. 
Dineutus  (Cyclinus)  solitarius,  Hatch,  1930,  Publ.  Univ.  Oklahoma  Biol.  Survey,  2(1)  :17. 
Dineutus  solitarius,  Leech,  1940,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  16(2)  :74. 

A  rather  small,  ovate  species,  color  as  in  suhlineatus. 

Type  locality :  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Nicaragua  to  Mexico ;  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  423 

No  Lower  California  specimens  have  been  seen,  but  tbe  species  is  common 

in  the  state  of  Nayarit,  Mexico,  and  has  been  taken  at  Mecca,  in  Riverside  Co., 

Calif. 

Family  HYDROPHILIDAE 

Of  recent  years  the  composition  of  this  family  has  been  changed  several 
times.  D'Orchymont  in  1919  removed  a  group  of  genera  to  form  the  family 
Hydraenidse ;  he  subdivided  it  into  3  subfamilies :  Hydraeninae,  Limnebiinae 
and  Spercheinae :  the  latter  does  not  occur  in  our  fauna.  Forbes  studied  the 
wings  of  a  great  many  species  of  beetles,  and  with  reference  to  the  Hydrophili- 
dae  concluded  (1926:  66)  that  "Oc^/ie&ms  [sic!]  and Hydraena  (doubtless all 
the  genera  with  more  than  six  abdominal  segments)  do  not  belong  here,  but 
with  the  aberrant  Silphidae."  By  this  latter  he  meant  the  Leiodidae  (written 
Liodidae  by  him  and  by  Boving)  of  the  Staphyliniformia. 

After  studying  the  larvae,  Boving  (in  Boving  and  Craighead,  1931)  pro- 
posed the  family  Limnebiidae  (pp.  25,  26),  to  include  the  genera  Limnebius, 
Ochthehius  and  Hydraena,  and  placed  this  family  in  the  leptinid  association 
of  the  Staphylinoidea.  The  genus  Spercheus  constitutes  the  family  Sperchei- 
dae  of  the  Hydrophiloidea  in  Boving's  system.  The  same  author  (p.  32)  pro- 
poses two  other  families,  Helophoridae  based  on  the  genus  Helophorus,  and 
Hydrochidae  for  the  genus  Hydrochus. 

In  the  present  paper  the  family  Limnebiidae  has  been  accepted  but  the 
genera  Helophorus  and  Hydrochus  are  left  in  the  HydrophUidae.  It  is  felt 
that  finality  in  the  composition  of  the  Hydrophilidae  has  not  yet  been  reached. 

Key  to  the  Subfamilies,  Tribes,  and  Genera  of  Hydrophilidae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Pronotum  with  five  longitudinal  sulci,  or  produced  anteriorly  at  middle  so  as  to  hide  much 

of  the  head 2 

— Pronotum  not  with  5  longitudinal  sulci,  not  produced  anteriorly,  so  as  to  hide  much  of 
head    3 

2.  Pronotum  with  five  longitudinal  sulci.  Antennae  short,  9-segmented ;  club  pubescent, 

3-segmented,  not  compact.  Eyes  not  divided  by  a  canthus.  Form  more  or  less  elongate, 
not  very  convex,  elytra  not  projecting  below  abdomen.  (Helophorinae)  .Helophorus 
— Pronotum  produced  anteriorly  at  middle,  covering  much  of  head.  Antennae  9-segmented ; 
club  pubescent,  compact.  Eyes  divided  horizontally,  partially  or  completely,  by  a 
canthus.  Form  short  and  convex,  elytra  often  tuberculate;  elytra  projecting  much 
below  abdomen.  (Epimetopinae) .  (Fig.  10) Epimetopus 

3.  Lateral  contours  of  body  uneven,  pronotum  conspicuously  narrower  than  elytral  bases. 

Scutellum  very  small.  Eyes  prominent.  Maxillary  palpi  never  very  long.  Last  seg- 
ment of  metatarsus  as  long  as  the  four  preceding,  first  segment  short.  Pronotum 
with  more  or  less  conspicuous  impressions;  abdominal  segments  two  to  five  with 

numerous  impressions.  (Hydrochinae) .  (Fig.  9) Hydrochus 

Lateral  contours  of  body  even,  pronotum  not  narrower  than  the  elytral  bases  (except  in 
some  Berosini,  but  there  note  elongate  triangular  scutellum).  Eyes  prominent  or 
not.  Last  segment  of  metatarsi  much  shorter  than  the  preceding  segments  together 
(except  Helol>ata,  but  note  elongate  maxillary  palpi) 4 

4.  Antennae  usually  longer  than  maxillary  palpi  which  are  never  very  long,  last  glabrous 

antennal  segment  obconic,  fitted  more  or  less  tightly  against  first  segment  of  the 
pubescent  club,  which  may  be  loose  or  compact.  First  segment  of  meso-  and  metatarsi 


424  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

usually  longer  than  second.  Labrum  often  concealed  or  retractile.  Always  five  visible 
abdominal  sternites.  Species  terrestrial,  or  in  damp  places.  (Sphaeridiinae).  (Fig. 

8)    16 

• — Antennae  shortened,  about  as  long  as  or  shorter  than  maxillary  palpi,  last  glabrous  seg- 
ment asymmetrical,  often  cup-like,  embracing  first  segment  of  the  pubescent  always 
tri-articulate  club,  which  is  compact.  First  segment  of  meso-  and  metatarsi  shorter 
than  second  (except  in  Helohata,  but  note  very  long  maxillary  palpi),  often  difficult 
to  see.  Labrum  often  exposed.  Abdomen  with  five  visible  sternites,  or  with  a  sixth 
more  or  less  retractile  under  fifth.  Species  aquatic  (Hydropliilinae) 5 

5.  Scutellum  not  or  not  much  longer  than  its  basal  width.  Antennae  at  most  9-segmented 

(6  +  3).  Eyes  not  prominent,  not  particularly  convex.  Pronotum  not  narrowed 
posteriorly,  not  narrower  than  bases  of  elytra  and  not  received  into  an  emargina- 
tion  or  furrow  therein  (if  with  ability  to  roll  up  somewhat,  armadillo-like,  then 
meso-  and  metatarsi  have  no  fringe  of  long  swimming  hairs  on  the  inner  sides)  ....  7 
— Scutellum  a  long  triangle.  Antennae  at  most  8-segmented  (5  +  3).  Pronotum  somewhat 
narrowed  posteriorly,  hind  angles  reduced,  underside  of  basal  margin  fitted  to  a 
groove  across  bases  of  elytra.  At  rest  the  pronotum  is  nearly  vertical,  and  the  mouth- 
parts  applied  to  or  near  the  mesosternum.  No  fringe  of  long  golden  hairs  on  anterior 
margin  of  first  visible  abdominal  sternite.  (Berosini).  (Fig.  13) 6 

6.  Mesosternal  protuberance  broadened  anteriorly  from  just  in  front  of  mesocoxae,  then 

narrowed  again  to  a  blunt  point,  the  broadened  area  deeply  excavated.  Aedeagus 
and  parameres  only  partly  enclosed  at  foot  by  a  small  basal  piece.  Anterior  tarsi 

pentamerous  in  both  sexes Hemiosus 

— Mesosternal  protuberance  narrow,  blade-like,  usually  falcate  anteriorly  (hooded  in 
rugulosus).  Aedeagus  and  parameres  in  great  part  sheathed  in  a  large  trough-shaped 
basal  piece.  Anterior  tarsi  of  male  tetramerous,  of  female  pentamerous. .  .Berosus 

7.  Meso-  and  metasternal  carinae  closely  united  and  forming  a  continuous  median  ridge  on 

ventral  surface.  (Hydrophilini) 8 

— Meso-  and  metasternal  carinae,  if  present,  not  intimately  united 10 

8.  Prosternum  carinate,  not  sulcate.  Mesosternal  carina  mth  a  small  notch  on  anterior  part 

(profile).  Posterior  end  of  metasternal  carina  not  or  hardly  reaching  beyond  base 

of  metatrochanters,  not  elongate  and  spinose Hydrochara 

■ — Prosternum  sulcate  to  receive  anterior  part  of  mesosternal  protuberance.  Metasternal 
carina  elongated  and  spinose  posteriorly 9 

9.  Last  segment  of  maxillary  palpi  shorter  than  penultimate.  Larger  species,  35  to  40  mm. 

long Hydrophilus 

— Last  segment  of  maxillary  palpi  equal  to  or  longer  than  penultimate.  Smaller  species, 
8  to  15  mm.  long Tropistemus 

10.  First  two  abdominal  sternites  with  a  common  excavation,  large  and  spectacle-shaped, 

containing  a  hyaline  transversely  bilobed  mass  supported  by  a  fringe  of  long  stiff 
golden  hairs  arising  from  anterior  margin  of  first  visible  sternite.  Antennae 
9-segmented,  small  beetles  (1  to  2.5  mm.)  with  ability  to  roll  up  partially.  (Chaetar- 

thriini)   Chaetarthria 

— First  two  abdominal  sternites  not  with  a  broad  common  excavation ;  first  sternite  without 
a  fringe  of  long  stiff  hairs.  Five  or  six  visible  sternites.  Antennae  variously  seg- 
mented. Species  without  ability  to  roll  up.  (Hydrobiini) 11 

11.  Maxillary  palpi  robust  and  short,  nearly  as  long  as  antennae  or  shorter;  ultimate  seg- 

ment as  long  as  or  longer  than  penultimate.  Elytra  with  sutural  stria,  or  if  not, 

antennae  have  less  than  nine  segments.  (Hydrobiae) 12 

— Maxillary  palpi  more  slender,  longer  than  antennae,  with  ultimate  segment  shorter  than 
penultimate.  (Helocharae) 14 

12.  First  segment  of  meso-  and  metatarsi  very  short,  second  much  longer;  metafemora 

densely  finely  pubescent,  or  not 13 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  425 

— Second  segment  of  meso-  and  metatarsi  not  particularly  longer  than  first,  sometimes  even 
of  same  length.  Posterior  femora  not  densely  pubescent.  Elytra  with  sutural  striae. 
Antennae  7-  to  9-segmented Paracymus 

13.  Metatrochanters  not  enlarged.  Only  five  abdominal  sternites  normally  visible.  Meta- 

femora  densely  pubescent  on  undersides  except  apically,  in  most  species.  Small 

species,  about  2  to  2.5  mm.  long Anacaena 

— Metatrochanters  elongate  at  apex  and  there  separated  from  femora.  Antennae  8- 
segmented.  Elytra  without  sutural  striae.  Meso-  and  metafemora  without  dense 
hydrofugal  pubescence.  Fifth  abdominal  sternite  truncate  on  hind  margin,  sixth 
showing    Laccobius 

14.  All  tarsi  5-segmented,  though  basal  segment  may  be  very  small  and  difi&cult  to  see ....  15 
— Meso-  and  metatarsi  4-segmented.  Mesosternal  protuberance  small,  transverse 

Cymbiodyta 

15.  Pseudo-basal  segment  of  maxillary  palpi  curved,  with  the  convexity  to  the  front.  Meso- 

stemum  with  a  longitudinal  lamina.  Elytra  confusedly  punctate Enochrus 

— Pseudo-basal  segment  of  maxillary  palpi  curved,  with  the  convexity  posteriorly.  Meso- 
sternum  at  most  feebly  protuberant.  Elytra  striatopunctate  (Hydrobaticus),  or 
with  only  the  sutural  striae Helochares 

16.  Head  not  narrowed  just  before  the  eyes,  outer  margin  not  forming  a  conspicuous  angle 

with,  the  latter.  Antennae  inserted  under  a  laminated  border  which  conceals  their 
bases  from  above ;  antennae  usually  much  longer  than  maxillary  palpi.  Metasternum 
usually  prolonged  between  the  mesocoxae,  closely  united  with  the  mesosternal  pro- 
tuberance.   (Sphaeridiini) 19 

— Head  abruptly  narrowed  before  the  eyes,  the  outer  margin  forming  a  conspicuous  angle 
with  the  latter.  Antennae  inserted  freely,  not  under  a  laminated  border,  their  bases 
quite  visible  from  above.  Metasternum  not  prolonged  between  the  mesocoxae 17 

17.  Mesosternal  protuberance  longer  than  wide,  laminate  or  flat.  Mesocoxae  never  widely 

separated.  Prosternum  merely  carinate  at  middle;  or  occasionally  elevated,  flat  or 

tectif orm.  (Cercyonini) 18 

— Mesosternal  process  flat,  at  least  as  wide  as  long,  always  widely  in  contact  with  the  meta- 
sternum. Mesocoxae  very  widely  separated.  Prosternal  process  always  elevated  at 
middle  to  plane  of  mesosternal  process  as  a  flat  plate,  not  carinate.  (Megastemini) 

Cryptopleurum 

18.  Mesosternal  elevation  appearing  as  a  prolongation  of  disc  of  metasternum,  the  two 

in  broad  contact Pelosoma 

— Mesosternal  elevation  obviously  not  an  extension  of  the  metasternum,  the  two  in  contact 
at  a  single  point,  or  separated  by  a  hiatus Cercyon 

19.  Apex  of  abdomen  not  covered  by  the  elytra.  Scutellum  an  elongated  triangle.  Elytra 

with  sutural  striae.  First  abdominal  sternite  not  carinate.  Antennae  8-segmented. 

First  segment  of  metatarsi  longer  than  second (Sphaeridium) 

— Elytra  covering  apex  of  abdomen.  Scutellum  short,  triangular.  Antennae  9-segmented . .  20 

20.  First  abdominal  sternite  carinate  at  middle.  Sutural  striae  distinct.  Prosternum  cari- 

nate between  the  coxae Dactylosternum 

— First  sternite  not  carinate.  No  sutural  striae.  Prosternum  not  carinate  between  coxae 

Fhaenonotum 

Genus  Helophorus  [Fabrieius]  emend.  Illiger 

Helophorus  [Fabrieius  1775,  as  Elophorus]  Illiger,  1801,  Mag.  f.  Insektenk.  1:138. 
(not  Helophorus  Gistl.,  1848,  Coleoptera). 

Genotype :  Silpha  aquatica  Linnaeus,  1758 ;  designated  by  Latreille  1810. 
The  same  species  has  been  cited  by  Curtis  (1833  :  466),  Westwood  (1838  :  9), 
and  Duponchel  (1845  (5)  :  281)  ;  the  last  author  referred  to  it  as  "grandis 


426  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

lUig.  aquaticus  Fabr.;  c'est  le  Dermeste  bronze  de  Degeer. . . ."  Knisch  (1924 : 
66)  also  cited  aquaticus  Linnaeus,  yet  failed  to  place  it  in  the  typical  subgenus. 

( 56 )  Helophorus  lecontei  Knisch 

Helophorus  ohscurus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann.  5:210  (not  Helophorus 
o'bscurus  Mulsant  1844)  ;  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:357. 

Helophorus  leoontei  Knisch,  1924,  in:  Coleopt.  Cat.,  Pars  79:88;  lyORCHYMONT,  1934, 
Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  &  Ann.  74:255. 

There  are  no  specimens  from  Lower  California  in  the  material  before  me, 
but  Horn  (1894:315)  recorded  it,  as  o'bscurus  LeConte,  from  San  Pedro 
Martir. 

H.  lecontei  was  described  from  San  Francisco.  D'Orchymont  suspects  that 
the  Colorado  River  specimens  mentioned  by  LeConte  in  1855  may  be  another 
species,  since  his  description  of  them  differs  somewhat  from  the  1852  de- 
scription. 

Genus  Epimetopus  Lacordaire 

Ceratoderus  Mulsant,  1851,  Acad.  Sci.  Lyon,  CI.  Sci.,  Mem.  (N.S.)  1:1.  (not  Ceratoderus 

Westwood,  1841;  not  Ceratoderus  Gemminger  &  Harold,  1870). 
Epimetopus  Lacordaire,  1854,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  Genera  Coleopt.  1:465,  467. 
Sepidulum  LeConte,  1874,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:47. 

Genotype :  Ceratoderus  graniger  Mulsant,  1851. 

The  species  of  this  genus  are  American  and  Asiatic.  Schwarz  and  Barber 
(1918  :  131)  suggested  that  the  Asiatic  forms  are  not  congeneric  with  ours,  but 
more  recently  d'Orchymont  (1933:288)  has  described  a  tiny  species  from 
Brazil  which  unites  the  two  groups. 

(57)  Epimetopus  thermarum  Schwarz  and  Barber 

(Figure  10) 

Epimetopus  thermarum  Schwarz  and  Barber,  1918,  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  Proc.  19:130,  and 
figs.  1,  2;  d'Orchymont,  1933,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  and  Ann.  73:287. 

Length  2  to  2.8  mm.  Head  and  pronotum  black ;  elytra  black  in  nearly  basal 
half,  and  in  a  narrow  oblique  band  just  behind  middle,  elsewhere  ruf escent ; 
undersurface  black;  legs,  fifth  abdominal  sternite,  and  sides  of  preceding 
stemites,  ruf  escent. 

Dorsal  surface  of  head  and  pronotum  tuberculate,  except  labrum  which  is 
shining;  eyes  divided  by  an  almost  median  horizontal  canthus;  a  deep  broadly 
V-shaped  suture  across  middle  of  head.  Pronotum  extended  over  median  base 
of  head  in  an  arc-form ;  a  concave  spear-shaped  area  outlined  on  middle  of 
pronotum  by  costae ;  whole  discal  area  much  raised  above  lateral  margins, 
which  are  strongly  angulate  just  before  middle,  thence  arcuate  (except  for  a 
small  angulation  just  behind  primary)  to  basal  angles  which  are  obtuse ;  mar- 
gins serrate  in  posterior  half.  Alternate  elytral  intervals  including  sutural, 
costate,  costae  finely  irregularly  tuberculate,  other  intervals  with  a  median 
row  of  widely  spaced  tubercles,  coarser  basally ;  serial  punctures  large,  round 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  427 

(those  near  suture  less  so) ,  separated  by  nearly  their  own  diameters;  humerus 
and  a  lateral  post-humeral  area  tumid,  third  costa  interrupted  by  a  depression 
in  basal  fifth.  Prosternum  not  earinate;  mesosternum  slightly  arcuately  pro- 
tuberant at  middle  just  before  mesocoxae,  vertically  in  front  of  that ;  meta- 
sternum  tuberculate ;  abdominal  sternites  polished,  shining ;  legs  subtubercu- 
late,  profemora  smooth  and  with  an  oval  patch  of  golden  hairs,  on  basal  half 
of  anterior  face,  near  lower  margin. 

Type  locality :  "In  the  algal  accumulations  at  the  margins  of  the  warm 
stream  (about  100°F.)  flowing  from  the  Castle  Creek  Hot  Springs,  Yavapai 
Co.,  Arizona." 

Recorded  distribution :  Type  locality.  (Also  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, presuming  the  E.  costatus  (LeConte)  of  Horn's  list  to  be  this  species.) 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13 ; 
Five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10.  Sixteen  specimens  taken  at  light  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  occurrence  of  this  species  in  the  Cape  region  of  Lower  California  is  a 
surprise  indeed.  Through  the  kindness  of  Dr.  L.  L.  Buchanan  I  have  for 
comparison  four  paratypes  (two  pairs)  of  thermarum.  The  Lower  California 
examples  average  a  little  darker  than  Arizona  specimens,  but  agree  in  all 
characters,  including  the  male  genitalia.  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  this 
is  the  costatus  of  Horn's  list. 

The  female  of  Epimetopus  has  been  recorded  as  carrying  her  egg  sac  on  the 
ventral  surface  of  her  abdomen  (Sharp,  1874,  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.  11 :  248). 
Schwarz  and  Barber  (1918  :  131 )  found  this  to  be  so  in  the  types  of  thennarum, 
and  stated  that  the  sac  would  be  described  by  E.  A.  Richmond,  but  to  the  best 
of  my  knowledge  he  never  published  on  it. 

One  female  from  Five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo  had  an  egg  sac,  but  unfor- 
tunately it  was  detached  before  its  significance  was  realized.  The  sac  was 
yellowish-white  in  color,  silky  in  texture,  of  the  same  size  and  shape  as  the 
ventral  surface  of  the  abdomen  and  contained  ten  eggs. 

Genus  Hydrochus  Leach 

Eydrochus  Leach,  1817,  Zool.  Misc.  3 :  90.  (not  Hydrochus  Fallen,  1823,  Diptera). 
Hydrocus  Provancher,  1877,  Petite  Faune  Ent.  Canada,  Coleopt.  1:211. 
Hydrochoiis  Bedel,  1881,  Faune  Coleopt.  Bassin  Seine,  1 :316. 

Hydrochous  Ganglbauer,  1904,  Kaf.  Mitteleur.  4:176;  Eichmond,  1920,  Am.  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.,Bul.42:27,  28,  29. 

Genotype :  ElopJiorus  elongatus  Fabricius,  1792  {-  Silpha  elongata  Schal- 
ler,  1783),  designated  by  Curtis  (1831:359),  Westwood  (1838:9),  Hope 
(1839:148),  Thomson  (1859:16),  Crotch  (1870:230),  and  Knisch  (1924: 
96).  The  last  two  cited  the  species  as  elongatus  Schaller. 

It  is  almost  impossible  to  make  satisfactory  identifications  in  this  genus  at 
present.  Except  for  a  key  to  the  species  of  the  Great  Lakes  region  by  Blatchley 
(1910:  251-252),  and  some  notes  on  those  expected  to  occur  in  Florida  by 
Leng  and  Mutchler  (1918  :  98-99) ,  there  has  been  no  recent  published  work  on 


428  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Pboc.  4th  Ser. 

the  Nearctic  forms.  Most  of  tJie  species  have  been  founded  on  the  shape  of  the 
pronotum,  and  the  sculpture  and  punctation  of  the  pronotum  and  elytra;  but 
these  last  characters  are  more  variable  than  was  recognized  by  LeConte. 

(58)  Hydrochus  variolatus  LeConte 

(Figure  9) 

Hydrochus  variolatus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:211;  LeConte, 
1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:360;  Leng  and  Mutchler,  1918,  Am.  Mus. 
Nat.  Hist.,  Bui.  38:99. 

Length  2.75  to  3.5  mm.  Pronotum  narrowed  towards  base,  sides  subsinuate, 
lateral  margins  crenate;  a  series  of  five  large  deep  foveae,  three  across  the 
pronotum  at  middle,  median  fovea  largest,  and  two  more  elongate  ones  basad. 
Elytra  coarsely  punctate,  interspaces  narrower  than  or  about  as  wide  as 
striae ;  third  and  fourth  interspaces  usually  somewhat  raised  at  apical  third. 
Ventral  surface  deeply  sculptured,  covered  with  very  short  velvety  pubes- 
cence. Legs  bicolored ;  femora  piceous,  tibiae  yellowish-brown. 

Many  of  the  above  characters  vary,  as  follows :  The  punctation  of  the  pro- 
notum may  be  more  extensive  and  include  the  foveae.  The  elytral  punctation 
is  coarser  in  some  specimens  than  in  others ;  the  fourth,  sixth  and  eighth  inter- 
spaces may  be  noticeably  elevated  in  the  apical  third,  and  differ  on  the  two 
elytrons.  The  color  may  be  opalescent,  clay-like,  or  rarely  almost  black,  with 
a  varying  number  of  small  purplish  spots. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California. 

Eecorded  distribution :  California;  Texas.  Wickham  (1897  :  114,  and  1898  : 
39)  recorded  it  as  common  in  sloughs  along  the  Rio  Grande  at  Brownsville, 
his  specimens  being  identified  by  G.  H.  Horn;  but  Brownsville  examples 
before  me  are  smaller,  narrower,  and  apparently  another  species.  Florida, 
recorded  with  doubt  by  Leng  and  Mutchler;  almost  certainly  not  the  true 
variolatus. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2.  Thirty -four  specimens  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross,  probably  at  light.  Also  two  examples  labelled  "Marine 
Boundary  [sic!].  Lower  California,  (A.  Forrer),"  Leng-Leech  Coll.;  this  is 
perhaps  west  of  Tijuana  ? 

Genus  Hemiosus  Sharp 

Eemiosus  Sharp  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :84;  lyORCHYMONT,  1940,  Soc. 
Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  &  Ann.  80:171;  d'Orchymont,  1943  B,  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat. 
Belgique,  Bui.  19(42)  :l-2. 

Genotype :  Eemiosus  maculatus  Sharp,  1882 ;  the  only  species  listed  by  him. 

(59)  Hemiosus  maculatus  Sharp 

Eemiosus  maculatus  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :85,  and  pi.  3,  fig.  2; 
Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  (Suppl.)  1(2)  :767;  d'Orchymont,  1921, 
Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  61(7)  :254;  d'Orchymont,  1940,  Soc.  Ent.  Beligque,  Bui. 
&  Ann.  80:172,  footnote  3. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  429 

Length  2.5  to  3  mm.  Head  and  pronotum  iridescent ;  elytra  dull  yellow  with 
usually  eight  large  black  spots,  those  often  obscured  by  a  green  or  coppery 
colour  which  may  cover  the  entire  elytral  surface;  underparts  piceous  or 
rufo-piceous  (or  silvery  because  of  a  fine  pubescence),  mouthparts,  antennae, 
tibiae,  tarsi  and  apices  of  femora  reddish-yellow. 

Head  and  pronoUim  densely,  coarsely  punctate,  with  many  fine  punctures 
between  large  ones,  pronotum  with  a  small  deep  rounded  impression  near  base 
at  each  side ;  elytra  with  striae  impressed  only  in  apical  half,  strial  punctures 
large,  round,  and  closely  placed,  much  bigger  laterally,  interspaces  very  finely 
irregularly  punctured.  Head  compresso-carinate  beneath  at  middle;  proster- 
num  notched  anteriorly  at  middle ;  mesosternal  process  narrowly  almost  rhom- 
boidal,  deeply  excavated,  dull  and  pubescent ;  median  area  of  mesosternum 
raised  as  in  Berosus,  excavated  at  middle ;  abdominal  sternites  overlapping, 
not  smoothly  fitted,  first  apparent  sternite  with  a  broad  median  carina,  fifth 
excavated  apically,  unidentate  at  middle  as  in  many  species  of  Berosus;  meta- 
femora  pubescent  nearly  to  apices.  Protarsi  of  male  5-segmented,  simple,  not 
appreciably  broader  than  those  of  female. 

Type  locality :  Guatemala,  Pantaleon,  1,700  ft.  elev. 

Kecorded  distribution :  Guatemala ;  Panama ;  Mexico :  La  Noria,  Sinaloa, 
Colima;  Peru. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 
(in  a  lagoon) .  Ten  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

No  authentic  specimens  of  maculatus  have  been  seen;  the  examples  described 
above  may  possibly  be  a  distinct  species. 

Genus  Berosus  Leach 

Berosus  Leach,  1817,  Zooi.  Misc.  3:92. 

Genotype  {Berosus  s.  str.)  :  Dytiscus  luridus  Linnaeus,  1761,  the  only 
species  cited  by  Leach,  op.  cit.,  p.  93. 

One  of  the  characters  used  in  the  key  to  species  (the  uni-  or  bidentation  of 
the  middle  of  the  emargination  in  the  apparent  fifth  abdominal  sternite)  re- 
quires a  good  light  and  a  magnification  of  at  least  25  x,  to  be  seen  clearly. 

Some  of  the  species  of  Berosus  stridulate  loudly  when  captured. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Berosus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra  spinous  or  bispinous  posteriorly,  near  or  at  suture ;  larger  species,  6  to  8  mm. 

long.  (Subgenus  Enoplurus  Hope) 2 

— Elytra  not  spinous  posteriorly,  tlie  apices  acute  at  most;  smaller  species,  2.75  to  6  mm. 
(Subgenus  Berosus  s.  str.) 3 

2.  Pronotum  coarsely,  deeply  punctate,  with  a  longitudinal  carina  at  middle ;  each  elytron 

with  a  tooth  before  the  sutural  angle,  the  angle  itself  acute  and  slightly  produced 
(most  males),  or  rectangular  or  obtuse  (most  females)  ;  elytral  interspaces  rough, 
with  numerous  punctures  the  margins  of  which  are  scabrous ....  (60)  punctatissimus 
— Pronotum  smooth,  fairly  coarsely  but  more  sparsely  punctate,  median  carina  hardly 
differentiated;  each  elytron  with  a  tooth  before  the  sutural  angle,  the  latter  pro- 
duced into  a  tooth;  elytral  interspaces  smooth,  shining  (males)  or  finely  alutaceous 
(females),  the  punctures  separated  by  about  twice  their  own  diameters. .  (61)  miles 


430  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

3.  Head  brown,  pronotum  yellowish-brown,  translucid,  not  maculate;    elytra  yellowish- 

brown,  often  with  a  brown  spot  just  behind  middle  near  suture ;  usually  only  alter- 
nate intervals  of  elytra  punctate;  apical  emargination  of  fifth  abdominal  sternite 

rounded  at  middle,  not  dentate;  length  3  to  3.5  mm (62)  stramineus  ? 

— Head  metallic  green  or  blackish,  aenescent,  not  transparent;  pronotum  usually  piceoua 
or  black  discally,  except  for  an  elongate  median  pale  area 4 

4.  Apical  emargination  of  fifth  sternite  arcuately  rounded  at  middle,  not  dentate ;  pronotum 

immaculate;  only  alternate  elytra  intervals  punctate,  if  at  all (63)  metalliceps 

— Apical  emargination  of  fifth  sternite  dentate  at  middle;  all  elytral  interspaces  clearly 
punctate    5 

5.  Apical  emargination  of  fifth  abdominal  sternite  unidentate  at  middle ;  elytral  apices 

more  acute  in  female  than  in  male;  abdominal  sternites  of  male  cristate  medially 

(64)  dolerosus 
— ^Apical  emargination  of  fifth  sternite  with  two  small  teeth  at  middle 6 

6.  Length  3  mm.  Pronotum  dark  green  or  black,  sides  and  anterior  margin  pale,  the  latter 

with  a  short  extension  into  green  area  on  each  side  of  middle ;  punctures  of  elytral 
intervals  coarse,  as  large  as  discal  strial  punctures,  mostly  uniseriate;  first  visible 
abdominal  sternite  with  a  carina  from  anterior  to  posterior  margins  at  middle 

(65)  moerens 

— Length  4  to  6  mm.  Pronotum  pale  except  for  a  brown  or  metallic  area  at  each  side  of 

middle  on  disk;  elytral  intervals  mostly  with  two  or  more  rows  of  punctures;  first 

sternite  with  median  carina  in  anterior  half  only 7 

7.  Form  elongate ;  pronotal  punctures  sparser,  similar  throughout ;   mesosternal  process 

thin,  blade-like,  anterior  tooth  small;  elytra  shining  in  male,  alutaceous  in  female 

(66)  infuscatus? 

— Form  shorter,  more  convex ;  pronotum  with  fine  punctures  scattered  between  the  coarser 

ones,  which  are  larger  and  shallower  towards  sides;  mesosternal  process  broader, 

anterior  tooth  almost  hood-like;  elytra  shining  in  both  sexes (67)  mgulosus 

(60)  Berosus  (Enoplurus)  punctatissimus  LeConte 

Berosus  punctatissimus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  Ann  5:211;  LeConte, 
1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:363;  Horn,  1873,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Proc. 
13:119;  Knisch,  1922,  Archiv  f.  Naturg.,  88:111. 

Length  6  to  8  mm.  Upper  surface  appearing  dull  but  integument  between 
tbe  coarse  punctures  actually  shining,  except  on  pronotum  and  elytra  of 
female  which  are  alutaceous.  Head  except  labrum  green  or  bronzed,  with 
median  basal  carina  coarsely  punctured,  punctures  at  base  and  near  eyes 
joined  to  form  grooves.  Pronotum  with  a  low  flat  median  longitudinal  carina, 
largely  impunctate ;  general  punctation  coarse,  close,  shallow,  merging  later- 
ally into  a  series  of  rugosities ;  an  elongate  green  or  bronze  marking  on  each 
side  of  median  two-thirds  of  pale  carina,  and  a  duller  less  regular  one  halfway 
between  the  discal  and  the  lateral  margin,  the  two  series  at  times  coalesced. 
Elytra  striate,  more  broadly  toward  sides  and  apex,  strial  punctures  close  to 
one  another ;  punctures  of  interspaces  coarse,  their  margins  scabrous.  Under- 
surface  black,  legs  yellow,  pubescent  area  on  basal  half  of  femora  usually 
black.  Metasternum  triangularly  elevated  at  middle,  elevation  concave  me- 
dially, trifid  posteriorly,  the  median  projection  narrow,  blade-like,  and  in 
same  plane  as  others.  Apparent  first  abdominal  sternite  with  median  basal 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFOBNIA  431 

carina  which  fits  into  apex  of  metasternal  elevation.  Middle  of  apical  median 
emargination  of  fifth  sternite  bidentate :  in  male  with  a  large  narrow  tri- 
angular elevation  just  anterior  to  teeth,  a  smaller  process  on  fourth  sternite, 
and  usually  an  indication  of  one  on  the  third. 

Type  locality :  "San  Diego,  ad  Missionem,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  California;  Arizona;  Washington. 

New  records :  Lower  California  :  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June 
14  (stream)  ;  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2  (irrigation  ditch)  ;  Nineteen  miles 
east  of  Rosario,  June  17  (in  a  spring)  ;  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas, 
August  3  (in  a  brook) .  Twenty  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Knisch  (1922)  has  placed  B.  hopUtes  Sharp  and  salvini  Sharp  as  subspecies 
of  punctatissimus.  With  adequate  series  of  each  before  me,  I  find  that  they 
are  readily  separated  on  the  external  characters  given  by  Sharp,  and  by  the 
forms  of  the  male  genitalia ;  they  appear  to  me  to  represent  three  valid  species, 
as  follows : 

1.  Metasternal  elevation  with  an  apical  (posterior)  carinate  process  "wMch  is  in  the  same 

plane  as  the  two  lateral  tooth-like  projections,  the  whole  having  a  trifid  appearance; 

basal  protarsal  segment  of  male  not  as  broad  as  apical  width  of  tibia 2 

— Apical  median  process  much  more  protuberant  than  rest  of  metasternal  elevation,  thin 
and  blade-like ;  lateral  teeth  very  small.  Parameres  of  male  genitalia  suddenly  con- 
stricted at  about  apical  fifth,  thence  parallel-sided  and  spinous  to  apex.  Basal  seg- 
ment of  male  protarsus  as  wide  as  tibial  apex.  Mexico ;  Texas .hoplites 

2.  Apical  median  process  of  metasternum  broad,  triangular,  tooth-like,  obscurely  carinate 

along  middle.  Form  narrower  (length  7  mm.,  width  3  mm.).  Parameres  of  male  gen- 
italia less  sharply  constricted  in  apical  fifth,  more  gradually  narrowed  to  apices 

which  though  spinous  are  shorter.  Mexico ;  Arizona salvini 

— Apical  process  of  metasternum  narrower,  with  a  sharp  blade-like  raised  carina.  Form 
broader  (length  7  mm.,  width  3.75  to  4  mm.).  Parameres  gradually  narrowed  to 
apices,  which  are  not  spinous punctatissimus 

(61)  Berosus  (Enoplurus)  miles  LeConte 

Berosus  miles  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:363;  Horn,  1873,  Am. 
Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:119. 

Length  6  to  7  mm.  Abdomen  varying  in  color  from  bright  rufous  to  piceous ; 
legs  testaceous ;  apical  process  of  metasternum  intermediate  in  form  between 
those  of  punctatissimus  and  hoplites  (vide  ante)  ;  elytra  with  a  marginal 
tooth  before  the  sutural  apices,  which  themselves  are  spinous,  but  shorter 
than  the  outer  teeth.  Readily  separated  from  punctatissimus  by  the  smooth, 
more  finely  punctate  pronotum  and  elytral  interspaces.  Parameres  of  male 
genitalia  shaped  nearly  as  in  punctatissim,us  in  a  dorsal  view,  but  not  similar 
in  profile. 

Type  locality :  "Ringgold  Barracks,  Texas." 

Recorded  distribution :  Texas;  Arizona ;  Lower  California :  Cabo  San  Lucas. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Triunfo,  July  13  (pool  in  arroyo).  Ten 
specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 


432  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser, 

(62)  Berosus  (Berosus)  stramineus  Knisch  ? 

Berosus  (s.  str.)  stramineus  Knisch,  1922,  Arch.  f.  Naturg.  88(A.4)  :124. 

It  seems  probable  that  the  specimens  mentioned  below  are  stramineus,  of 
which  I  have  not  seen  authentic  examples.  The  following  description  is  based 
on  the  Lower  California  series. 

Male.  Length  3  to  3.5  mm.  Form  elongate-oval.  Head  brown,  paler  an- 
teriorly pronotum  transparent,  each  elytron  with  a  small  irregular  brown 
spot  near  suture,  just  behind  middle,  and  a  trace  of  brown  similarly  before 
middle;  suture  and  discal  striae  slightly  darkened.  Undersurface  largely 
ruf o-piceous ;  legs,  mouthparts,  and  antennae  except  at  tip,  yellow. 

Head  rather  coarsely  closely  punctate,  more  coarsely  but  less  closely  to- 
wards base ;  discal  pronotal  punctation  like  that  of  base  of  head,  but  coarser 
and  closer  laterally.  Elytra  striate,  striae  coarsely  punctate,  especially  to- 
wards sides,  not  impressed  on  disk  at  base;  alternate  interspaces  with  a 
slightly  irregular  single  row  of  punctures  similar  in  size  to  those  of  pronotal 
disk,  intervening  intervals  with  a  similar  row  of  very  fine  punctures.  Meso- 
sternal  elevation  prominent,  thin,  falcate  anteriorly.  Median  excavation  of 
fifth  apparent  abdominal  sternite  rounded  at  middle,  not  tooth ;  first  sternite 
with  a  median  carina  from  anterior  margin  to  middle.  Basal  segment  of  pro- 
tarsi  only  slightly  larger  than  of  female. 

Female.  Similar  to  male;  protarsi  simple,  pronotum  microreticulate  except 
at  middle. 

Type  locality :  "Mexico,  Manzanilla."  This  is  perhaps  the  same  as  Manza- 
nillo  in  Colima  State,  Mexico. 

New  records  (provisional  identification):  Lower  California:  1,  Coyote 
Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  July  24 ;  2,  Twelve  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June 
27 ;  2,  Twenty-five  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25 ;  1,  Five  miles  west 
of  San  Bartolo,  July  13.  All  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  is  most  closely  allied  to  the  much  smaller  exiguus  Say  of  the 
middle  and  southeastern  United  States.  B.  exiguus  has  the  head  and  pronotum 
more  closely  punctured,  the  elytral  striae  impressed  to  the  base,  and  the 
median  apical  excavation  of  the  fifth  abdominal  sternite  unidentate  at  mid- 
dle. Because  of  its  pale  color,  sparsely  punctate  elytral  interspaces,  and  non- 
dentate  fifth  sternite,  one  might  associate  stramineus  with  metalliceps  Sharp 
and  ruhellus  Knisch,  but  both  those  species  have  the  head  metallic  green  or 
purplish. 

(63)  Berosus  (Berosus)  metalliceps  Sharp 

Berosus  metalliceps  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :83;   Knisch,  1922, 

Arch.  f.  Naturg.  88(A.5)  :121. 
Berosus  (s.  str.)  metalliceps,  d'Orchymont,  1946,  Musee.  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui. 

22(13):  18,  fig.  11. 
Berosus  salinus  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:215. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  433 

Length  4.5  to  5  mm.  Head  dark  metallic  green  or  bronzed.  Pronotum  red- 
dish-yellow, immaculate;  elytra  yellow,  with  the  finely  impressed  striae 
piceous;  undersurface  largely  piceous,  legs  yellow.  Elytral  interspaces  im- 
punctate,  except  three,  five  and  seven  which  have  each  a  short  median  series  of 
single  punctures. 

Type  locality :  Tres  Marias  Islands. 

Recorded  distribution :  Tres  Marias  Islands ;  Ventanas,  Mexico. 

There  are  no  examples  of  this  species  in  the  material  before  me.  Fall  said 
that  salinus  would  run  to  styliferus  Horn  in  Horn's  key  of  1873 ;  but  Horn 
had  already  pointed  out  (1876  :  251)  that  styliferus  was  originally  described 
incorrectly. 

(64)  Berosus  (Berosus)  dolerosus  Leech,  new  species 

(Figure  13) 

A  rather  small  yellowish-brown  species  with  non-metallic  pronotum,  abdom- 
inal sternites  cristate  in  male.  Allied  to  B,  peregrinus  (Herbst)  and  to  sharpi 
Zaitzev. 

Male.  Length  3.8  mm.,  width  2  mm.  Head  metallic  green,  bronzed  between 
eyes;  pronotum  yellowish-brown,  with  a  somewhat  V-shaped  discal  piceous 
area  which  has  a  paler  extension  toward  each  basal  angle  of  pronotum ;  elytra 
darker  yellowish-brown,  each  el>i;ron  with  an  indistinct  piceous  mark  just 
before  and  behind  middle  near  suture,  one  at  humerus,  and  one  post-median 
laterally.  Undersurface  black,  legs  yellow  with  basal  pubescent  area  of  fem- 
ora piceous. 

Head  and  pronotum  closely  moderately  coarsely  punctate,  pronotum  finely 
alutaceous.  Elytra  striate,  strial  punctures  much  coarser  laterally;  inter- 
spaces, especially  lateral  ones,  a  little  mere  coarsely  punctate  than  pronotum, 
roughened  by  invasion  of  strial  punctures ;  elytral  apices  rounded.  First  vis- 
ible abdominal  sternite  with  a  median  carina  across  its  width,  second,  third, 
and  fourth  each  with  a  carinate  median  protuberance,  fifth  emarginate  pos- 
teriorly with  a  single  median  tooth.  Basal  segments  of  protarsi  slightly  di- 
lated. 

Female.  Elytra  alutaceous,  apices  acute;  protarsi  simple;  abdominal  ster- 
nites not  carinate  medially. 

Holotype,  male  (C.A.S.  No.  5465),  allotype  female  (No.  5466),  and  15 
paratypes,  from  Lower  California :  Rosario,  June  17, 1938  (in  pool) ,  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  seventy-six  specimens  from  San  Fernando, 
August  1. 

The  paratypes  show  the  following  to  be  variable:  shape  and  extent  of 
piceous  pronotal  marking ;  presence  of  alutaceous  sculpture  on  pronotum  in 
male ;  size  of  carination  on  sternites  two  to  four  of  male  (usually  simple  on 
two  and  four,  spinous  on  three)  ;  acuteness  of  elytral  apices  in  female ;  coarse- 
ness of  punctation  of  elytral  intervals;  body  length  3.5  to  4  mm. 


434  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

B.  dolerosus  must  be  close  to  sharpi  Zaitzev  (dispar  Sharp,  not  Reiche  and 
Saulcy)  of  Mexico,  but  the  legs  are  said  to  be  entirely  yellow  in  that  species, 
while  they  are  piceous  in  the  basal  third  to  half  in  all  the  ninety-three  doler- 
osus. B.  peregrinus  (Herbst)  of  the  eastern  United  States  is  also  allied  to 
dolerosus  but  may  be  separated  by  its  narrower  front  and  protuberant  eyes. 
If,  as  I  suspect,  the  ''peregrinus^'  in  Arizona  are  in  fact  sharpi,  then  the  latter 
is  more  closely  allied  to  peregrinus  than  to  dolerosus. 

(65)  Berosus  (Berosus)  moerens  Sharp 

Berosus  moerens  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  1(2): 84;  Lkech,  1943,  Pan- 
Pacific  Ent.  19(2)  :62,  (in  part). 

Berosus  (s.  str.)  moerens,  d'Orchymont,  1946,  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  22 
(13):19. 

Berosus  dehilis  Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  (Suppl.)  1(2):767. 

Length  3  to  3.5  mm.  Head  and  pronotum  coarsely  closely  punctate ;  elytra 
striate,  striae  and  strial  punctures  coarser  laterally,  each  interspace  with  an 
almost  regular  series  of  closely  set  coarse  punctures.  Head  metallic,  greenish 
or  bronzed ;  pronotum  largely  metallic,  side  margins  yellowish,  as  is  front 
margin,  which  has  a  backward  extension  on  each  side  of  middle ;  elytra  yellow- 
ish, two  or  three  spots  in  a  linear  series  near  suture,  a  lateral  and  a  post- 
median  spot,  black.  Undersurface  black,  legs  except  pubescent  spot  on  femora, 
paler.  First  visible  abdominal  sternite  with  a  median  sharp  carina  across  it ; 
middle  of  apical  emargination  of  fifth  sternite  with  two  very  small  teeth. 

Type  locality :  Oaxaca,  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution:  Mexico;  Guatemala;  Lower  California:  San  Jose 
del  Cabo;  Texas ;  Arizona. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  2,  Triunfo,  July  13  (pool  in  arroyo) ;  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross;  5,  Escondido  Bay,  June  14,  1921,  J.  C. 
Chamberlin  collector  (C.A.S.) ;  1,  Concepcion  Bay,  Coyote  Bay,  June  18, 
1921,  E.  P.  YanDuzee  collector  (C.A.S.). 

(66)  Berosus  (Berosus)  infuscatus  LeConte  ? 

Berosus  infuscatus  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:365;  Horn,  1873,  Am. 
Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:121, 123;  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:56. 

Examination  of  a  series  of  specimens  from  the  southern  United  States 
(Kentucky,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Arkansas,  Texas,  California)  all  of  which 
trace  to  infuscatus  in  Horn's  key,  shows  that  he  had  confused  two  and  perhaps 
three  distinct  species.  LeConte  described  infuscatus  from  the  "Middle  and 
Southern  States,  not  rare;  specimens  from  New  Orleans  were  given  me. . . ." 
If  Georgia  examples  before  me  are  typical,  then  the  Lower  California  ex- 
amples mentioned  below  are  very  similar. 

Length  5.25  to  6  mm.  Head  metallic  green ;  pronotum  yellow,  with  a  slightly 
arcuate  longitudinal  brown  vitta  on  each  side  of  middle ;  scutellum  piceous ; 
elytra  yellowish-brown,  punctures  and  striae  piceous,  as  are  a  diagonal  series 
of  maculations  on  the  interspaces  from  humerus  to  just  before  middle,  from 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  435 

middle  at  side  to  postmedian  near  suture  and  at  apical  three-quarters. 
Undersurf  ace  largely  piceous,  legs  yellow  to  reddish-yellow. 

Head  closely,  rather  coarsely  punctate,  pronotum  more  sparsely,  less 
coarsely  so,  finely  microreticulate.  Elytral  striae  punctate,  more  coarsely 
laterally,  hardly  impressed  on  disk  at  base,  but  deeply  impressed  at  the  de- 
clivity; interspaces  rather  finely  irregularly  punctate,  intervals  three,  five 
and  seven  with  some  larger  punctures. 

Type  locality  and  distribution :  see  preceding  remarks. 

New  records  (provisional  identification)  :  Lower  California:  2,  Twenty 
miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (in  tinaja)  ;  1,  Comondu,  July  22.  Collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

D'Orchymont  (1946:6-9)  has  discussed  infuscatus  LeConte,  listing  the 
following  species  as  synonyms:  B.  punctulatus,  1852  (non  Boheman,  1851) ; 
flavicornis  Sharp ;  hermudanus  Ejiisch. 

(67)  Berosus  (Berosus)  rugulosus  Horn 

Berosus  rugulosus  Horn,  1873,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:121,  124;  Fall,  1901,  Calif. 
Acad.  Sei.,  Occ.  Papers  8 :  56. 

Length  4  to  5  mm.  This  species  can  be  recognized  by  the  distinctive  shape 
of  the  mesosternal  protuberance ,  the  anterior  part  of  which  is  broadened  to 
form  an  elliptical  hood.  Elytral  striae  deeper  and  much  more  coarsely  punctate 
laterally,  interspaces  with  numerous  punctures.  Pronotum  rather  densely 
punctate,  punctures  as  coarse  as  those  on  discal  interspaces  of  elytra,  and  with 
very  fine  ones  intermixed.  Elytra  varyingly  maculate  with  piceous.  Under- 
surf ace  including  legs,  rufous  to  ruf o-piceous. 

Type  locality :  "Peninsula  of  Lower  California,  W.  M.  Gabb." 

Recorded  distribution :  Southern  California ;  Lower  California :  San  Jose 
del  Cabo. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  21,  Triunfo,  July  13,  (pool  in  arroyo) ;  7, 
Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23  (in  tinaja).  Collected  by  Michel- 
bacher and  Ross.  Also  9,  Espiritu  Santo  Isl.,  Gulf  of  California,  June  9, 1921, 
collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.) ;  19,  San  Felipe  (A.M.N.H.). 

In  addition  to  the  above,  I  have  examples  from  Arizona :  Bear  Canyon,  Sta. 
Catalina  Mts.,  January  2,  1938  (E.  C.  Van  Dyke  Collector)  ;  Baboquivaria 
Mts.,  April  (D.  K.  Duncan  Collector).  These  latter  have  the  head  black,  in- 
stead of  the  usual  metallic  green  or  bronze. 

A  series  of  typical  specimens  from  Mexico :  Oaxaca,  Oax.,  elev.  5,000  ft., 
July  20,  1937  (M.  E.  Embury)  ;  and  Apatzingan,  Michoacan,  elev.  1,200  ft., 
August  11,  1941  (H.  Hoogstraal),  are,  quite  certainly  this  species,  and  pre- 
sumably the  same  as  Sharp's  Guatemalan  types  of  gracilipes. 

Genus  Hydrochara  Berthold 

Hydrochara  Berthold,  1827,  Latreille's  Nat.  Fam.  Thierreichs,  p.  355. 
Rydrocharis  Hope,  1838,  Coleopt.  Man.  2:125. 


436  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Genotype :  Dytiscus  cardboides  Linnaeus,  1758.  Designated  by  Hope  as  the 
type  of  his  emendation  of  Hydrochara.  I  have  not  seen  Berthold's  publication, 
and  do  not  know  whether  or  not  his  Hydrochara  was  monotypic.  The  same 
species  has  been  designated  by  Westwood  (1838 :  9).  Duponchel  (1845  (6)  : 
763)  and  Thomson  (1859: 17)  cited  carahoides  as  the  type  of  Hydrous,  a 
generic  name  which  has  been  attributed  to  Linnaeus,  1775  (see  Strand  1935  : 
293),  Thunberg,  1787,  and  Leach,  1815,  the  genus  being  monobasic  for  Dytis- 
cus piceus  hmnaeus,  1758.  Curtis  (1827  :  159),  Hope  (1839  :  125),  andKnisch 
(1924 :  236),  cited  carahoides  as  the  type  of  Hydrophilus,  q.v. 

(68)  Hydrochara  lineata  (LeConte) 

HydrocJiaris  lineatus  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:369.  (The  H.  sub- 

striatus  of  LeConte,  1863,  p.  18,  is  a  lapsus  memoriae  according  to  Horn  1876:251. 

See  also  LeConte  1861:341). 
Hydrocharis  glaucus  LeConte,  1861,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  [13]  :341;  Horn,  1876, 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:251;  Horn,  1895,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc.  (2)5:233;  Fall, 

1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8 :56. 
EydropMlus  lineatus,  Sherman  in:  Leng,  1920,  Cat.  Coleopt.  Amer.  N.  of  Mex.,  p.  84. 

Length  14  to  18  mm.  Form  broadly  oval.  Color  varying  from  almost  black 
to  a  beautiful  blue-green  dorsally ;  head,  pronotum,  elytra  and  legs  often  of 
the  same  blue-green  color.  These  beetles  prefer  mineralized  water,  and  occur 
also  in  hot  springs. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  California  {lineatus  LeConte) ;  California  {glau- 
cus heConte) . 

Recorded  distribution:  California;  Utah;  Arizona;  Lower  California. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  Aug- 
ust 3.  A  single  male  taken  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Genus  Hydrophilus  Geoffroy 

Hydrophilus  Geoffrot,  1762,  Hist.  Insect.  Paris,  1:180.  (If  Geoffroy's  publication  is  not 
acceptable,  the  name  Hydrophilus  can  be  credited  to  Muller,  1764:  Faun.  Insect. 
Friedrichs.,  p.  XVI.  See  discussion  of  this  under  the  genus  Gyrinus  Geoff roy.) 

Genotype :  Hydrophilus  piceus  Fabricius,  1775  (=  Dytiscus  piceus  Lin- 
naeus, 1758),  designated  by  Latreille,  1810:  428.  This  same  species  has  been 
cited  also  by  Westwood  (1838:9),  Duponchel  (1845(6)  :  754),  Thomson 
(1859:17),  and  Crotch  (1870:43).  But  Curtis  (1827:159),  Hope  (1839: 
125),  and  Knisch  (1924 :  236)  gave  carahoides  Linnaeus ;  see  notes  under  Hy- 
drochara, above. 

There  has  been  much  difference  of  opinion  on  the  use  of  the  generic  names 
Hydrophilus,  Hydrous,  and  Hydrochara.  Some  authors  have  credited  the 
first  two  genera  to  Leach  1815,  refusing  to  accept  Latreille's  paper  as  estab- 
lishing genotypes,  despite  "Opinion  11"  of  the  International  Commission  on 
Zoological  Nomenclature.  The  most  recent  summary  is  that  of  F.  Balfour- 
Browne  (1941 :  262-264).  Other  important  and  recent  references  are :  Mutch- 
ler,  1931  :l-3 ;  Strand,  1935  :  292,  293  ;  Mequignon,  1937  :  53-55  ;d'Orchymont, 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATEE  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  437 

1937  :  423^32 ;  d'Orchymont,  1938  :  37-47 ;  Hemming  et  al.,  1939  :  13-20,  and 
Hemming's  editorial  notes  in  the  reprinted  issue  of  "Opinion  11,"  1945  :  184- 
189. 

(69)  Hydrophilus  insularis  Laporte 

HydropMlus  insularis  Laporte,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.  2:50,  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer., 
Coleopt.  1(2)  : 54,  and  pi.  2,  fig.  1;  Horn,  1885,  Canad.  Ent.  17(6)  :138. 

Stethoxus  insularis,  Bedel,  1892,  Eev.  d'Ent.  10:313,  320;  Klh^^ert,  1893,  Deutsche  Ent. 
Zeitsehr.  1893,  p.  88;  Eegimbart,  1901,  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  70:216,  and  pi.  8, 
figs.  27,  27A. 

Stethoxus  'behrensi  Kuwert,  1893,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitsehr.  1893,  p.  88. 

A  fine  large  canoe-shaped  hydrophilid,  33  to  45  mm.  long,  shining,  dark 
green  to  almost  black.  Much  of  the  undersurf  ace  is  clothed  with  short  golden 
hairs,  but  abdominal  sternites  two  to  five  are  broadly  glabrous,  pubescent  only 
narrowly  along  the  sides ;  the  fifth  sternite  is  distinctly  longitudinally  keeled 
medially,  but  not  carinate.  The  apices  of  the  elytra  are  minutely  spinose 
apically  at  the  suture.  In  the  male  the  protarsal  claws  are  unequal,  the  anterior 
ones  thicker  and  almost  twice  as  long  as  their  fellows;  the  claw-bearing  seg- 
ment is  broadly  triangularly  enlarged,  and  on  the  undersurface  has  a  series 
of  round  suckers  paralleling  each  margin,  those  near  the  larger  claw  being 
stalked,  the  rest  sessile. 

H.  insularis  is  not  likely  to  be  confused  with  anything  except  the  allied 
triangularis  Say,  which  is  common  in  central  and  southern  California,  but 
has  not  been  recently  identified  from  Lower  California.  H.  triangularis  aver- 
ages a  little  smaller,  the  elytra  are  not  spinose  apically,  the  fifth  segment  of  the 
male  anterior  tarsi  is  broadened,  but  not  triangularly  so,  and  the  ventral 
suckers  on  it  are  no+  restricted  to  the  margins  and  angles.  Another  species, 
ater  Olivier,  occurs  in  Mexico  and  the  Antilles ;  it  is  smaller  (30  mm.  or  less), 
the  second  sternite  has  only  a  triangular  median  area  glabrous,  and  the  fifth 
protarsal  segment  of  the  male  is  only  slightly  broadened.  A  key  to  these 
species  was  prepared  by  Winters  (see  Secretary's  report  of  the  Proc.  N.  Y. 
Ent.  Soc,  meeting  of  March  19, 1912,  in  Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.  20(3)  :  217)  but 
apparently  was  never  published. 

The  male  genitalia  of  a  Jamaica  specimen  of  insularis  has  been  illustrated 
by  F.  Balfour-Browne,  1932.  Bedel  (1892 :  320,  footnote  2)  drew  attention  to 
the  fact  that  Sharp's  figure  of  insularis  does  not  show  the  sutural  spines  of 
the  elytra,  and  is  therefore  of  triangularis;  but  he  failed  to  notice  that  Sharp's 
illustration  clearly  shows  the  triangularly  enlarged  fifth  protarsal  segment, 
typical  of  insularis.  Regimbart  (1901 :  216)  states  that  lelirensi  Kuwert  is  a 
synonym. 

Type  locality  of  insularis :  [original  description  not  seen] , 
of  hehrensi:  "Califomien." 

Recorded  distribution :  The  Antilles ;  Mexico ;  Texas;  Arizona;  Lower  Cali- 
fornia :  Between  San  Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunf  o. 


438  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Triunfo,  July  7  (a  teneral  male) ,  and  July 
13  (2  males) ;  collected  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross.  San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Hopping 
Collection) ;  "Lower  California  Betw.  San  Jose  de  Cabo  and  Triunfo,  Alba- 
tross Exped.,  1911"  (A.M.N.H.) 

A  most  excellent  study  of  all  stages  of  the  allied  triangularis  has  been 
given  by  Wilson  (1923  :  9-38). 

Genus  Tropisternus  Solier 
Tropisternus  Solier,  1834,  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  3:308. 

Genotype :  Hydrophilus  collaris  Fabricius,  1775.  In  describing  the  genus, 
Solier  (p.  310)  stated :  "J'ai  forme  ce  genre  tres  distinct  des  precedens,  sur 
VHydrophilus  Lineatus  de  M.  le  comte  Dejean  et  j'y  joins.  . . . ,"  listing  4 
other  names.  In  De  jean's  Catalogues  of  1833  and  1837,  amongst  the  names 

under  BydropMlus,  there  is  the  following  entry :  "|(,^;;„„.^  ,  p^^^  f,^^^. 

Dejean's  lineatus  is  a  nomen  nudum,  but  d'Orchymont  (1919:159)  re- 
ported having  found,  in  the  old  Germar  collection,  a  Tropisternus  identified 
by  that  entomologist  as  lineatus  Dejean,  which  is  in  fact  collaris  Fabricius. 
Hope  (1839:125)  designated  Hydrophilus  lateralis  Fabricius,  1775,  while 
Chevrolat  (1848  (12)  :  705) ,  d'Orchymont  loc.  cit.  and  according  to  him  Chenu 
(1851-1861.  Encycl.  d'Hist.  Nat.,  Coleopt.  1 :  247),  and  Knisch  (1924 :  228), 
all  cited  collaris. 

The  genus  is  characteristic  of  the  Americas  and  contains  fifty  or  more 
species  which  are  distributed  from  Canada  to  Uruguay  and  Argentina.  Most 
of  the  species  are  about  10  mm.  long,  black  and  aenescent,  or  marked  with 
yellow.  In  the  males  the  inner  claw  of  the  meso-  and  metatarsi  has  a  small 
median  tooth  on  the  lower  edge  (minute  and  sub-basal  in  apicipalpis)  ;  the 
anterior  protarsal  claw  is  more  strongly  curved  basally  than  in  the  female, 
and  straighter  with  a  sinuate  lower  margin  in  the  apical  two-thirds. 

All  the  species  known  from  Lower  California  belong  to  the  subgenus  Pristo- 
ternus  d'Orchymont  1936  (new  name  for  Cyphostethus  d'Orchymont,  1921, 
not  Cyphostethus  Fieber,  1860) .  It  is  possible  that  species  belonging  to  Trop- 
isternus s.  str.,  will  be  found  on  the  peninsula,  as  T.  (T.)  niger  d'Orchymont, 
1938,  was  described  from  examples  taken  in  brackish  water  at  Mazatlan, 
Sinaloa,  Mexico.  Accordingly  both  subgenera  are  included  in  the  following 
key. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Tropisternus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Prosternal  groove  open  anteriorly ;  metatibiae  not  fringed  witli  hairs 

(subgenus  Tropisternus) 
— Prosternal  groove  closed  anteriorly,  (subgenus  Pristoternus) 2 

2.  Metatibiae  with  a  submarginal  fringe  of  long,  fine  hairs  along  the  inner  side;  fifth 

abdominal  sternite  with  at  most  a  small  median  apical  spine;  penultimate  segment 

of  maxillary  palpi  equal  to  or  shorter  than  ultimate  segment 4 

— Metatibiae  without  a  fringe  of  hairs  along  the  side 3 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  439 

3.  A  large  black  species,  12  to  15  mm.  long;  fifth  sternite  with  a  prominent  median  spine; 

penultimate  segment  of  maxillary  palpi  longer  than  ultimate (70)  apicipalpis 

— A  small  black  species,  7  to  10  mm.  long;  fifth  sternite  without  a  spine,  though  with  a 
small  tuft  of  golden  hairs  arising  from  a  small  subapical  median  tumidity;  penulti- 
mate segment  of  maxillary  palpi  shorter  than  ultimate (71)  laevis  mergus 

4.  Head,  pronotum  and  elytra  margined  with  yellow (72)  lateralis  subspp. 

— Black  or  aenescent  dorsally,  not  margined  with  yellow 5 

5.  Margin  of  epipleura,  from  apex  almost  or  quite  to  base,  with  a  series  of  setigerous  punc- 

tures; epipleura  behind  metacoxae  folded  in,  so  that  their  lower  (inner)  margin 

runs  along  the  inner  face  of  the  elytra 6 

— Margin  of  epipleura  completely  without  setigerous  punctures;  epipleura  behind  meta- 
coxae gradually  narrowed,  not  turned  under  until  just  before  the  elytral  apex 

(73)  obscurus 

6.  Lateral  median  series  of  punctures  of  pronotum  fine,  four  to  twelve  in  number,  forming 

an  oblique  line ;  body  not  strongly  convex  in  profile 7 

— Lateral  median  series  of  punctures  of  pronotum  coarser,  1  or  2,  rarely  4,  the  anterior  ones 
smaller;  boay  equally  obtuse  anteriorly  and  posteriorly,  strongly  convex  in  profile 

(74)  ellipticus 

7.  Pubescent  area  at  base  of  metaf  emora  small,  not  extending  beyond  apex  of  trochanters ; 

metafemora  with  numerous  coarse  setigerous  punctures,  and  black  or  piceous  in  at 
least  the  basal  half;  elytra  much  more  coarsely  punctate  apically. .  (75)  calif  omicus 
— Basal  quarter  of  metafemora  pubescent ;  metafemora  with  few  or  no  setigerous  punctures, 
the  black  color  confined  to  the  pubescent  area;  elytra  not  more  coarsely  punctate 
apically (76)  salsamentus 

(70)  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  apicipalpis  (Chevrolat) 

Hydrophilus  apicipalpis  Chevrolat,  1834,  Coleopt.  Mexique,  f  asc.  3,  sp.  no.  54. 
Tropisternus  apicipalpis,  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :55,  and  pi.  2, 

fig.  2;  Sharp,  1883,  Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2):104;  Horn,  1885,  Canad. 

Ent.  17(6)  :138;  Fauvel,  1889,  Eev.  d'Ent.  8:106;  Leech,  1943A,  Soc.  Mexicana 

Hist.  Nat.,  Kevista  4(1-2)  :18,  20,  figs.  2,  4,  6. 
Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus)  apicipalpis,  d'Orchymont,  1921,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 

61:364. 
Tropisternus  agilis  Laporte,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  2:53;  Sharp,  1883,  Ent.  Soc.  London, 

Trans.  1883  (2):  116. 

Black,  slightly  aeneous  or  metallic;  form  narrowed  behind,  deltoid.  Length 
12  to  15  mm.  A  large  backwardly-pointing  spine  arises  from  middle  of  fifth 
abdominal  sternite;  mesosternal  process  punctate  in  anterior  three-quarters, 
more  finely  so  in  female ;  metasternal  process  more  densely  and  finely  punc- 
tate. Pubescent  area  of  metafemora  covering  almost  basal  half,  outer  half  with 
a  mixture  of  small  and  moderately  coarse  punctures.  Mentum  more  coarsely 
punctate  in  male  than  in  female.  Male  tarsal  claws  distinctive,  anterior  pro- 
tarsal  claws  with  a  small  sharp  basal  tooth,  usual  tooth  of  the  inner  meso-  and 
metatarsal  claws  nearly  basal,  and  minute.  Elytral  punetation  fine  and  even. 

Type  locality  of  apicipalpis  (Chev.)  :  Vera-Cruz,  Mexico, 
of  agilis  Lap. :  St.  Vincent  Island. 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona ;  Mexico ;  Guatemala ;  Costa  Rica ;  the 
Antilles;  Colombia;  Venezuela;  Argentina;  Lower  California:  Cabo  San 
Lucas. 


440  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  1,  Triunfo,  July  13 ;  3,  Twenty  miles  N.  of 
Comondu,  July  23 ;  collected  by  Michelbaclier  and  Ross.  Also  five  from  San 
Felipe  (A.M.N.H.,  and Leng-Leech  Coll.). 

(71)  Tropistemus  (Pristoternus)  laevis  mergus  (Say) 

HydropMlus  mergns  Say,  1835,  Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.  1(2)  :171;  Say,  1859,  in  LeConte 

ed.  of  his  works,  2:646. 
Tropistemus  nitens  Laporte,  1840,  Hist.  nat.  anim.  artic.  2:54;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.- 

Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :56;  Sharp,  1883,  Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2)  :105. 
Tropistemus  (Cyphostethus)  laevis  mergus,  d'Orchymont  1921,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 

61:360. 

Horn  (1894:  316)  recorded  this  species,  as  nitens  Castelnau,  from  Lower 
California :  San  Pedro  Martir.  I  have  not  seen  any  examples  from  the  Penin- 
sula, but  would  expect  it  to  occur  in  the  southern  part,  as  this  or  a  closely 
allied  subspecies  is  common  in  the  near-by  state  of  Nayarit,  Mexico.  It  re- 
sembles the  other  medium-sized  black  species,  but  the  following  characters 
will  distinguish  it :  the  metatibiae  without  a  submarginal  fringe  of  hairs ; 
fifth  abdominal  stemite  not  armed  with  a  spine;  basal  pubescent  areas  of 
metafemora  large,  extending  beyond  trochanters;  lateral  median  series  of 
punctures  on  pronotum  usually  in  series,  forming  an  oblique  line. 

Type  locality  of  mergus  (Say)  :  Mexico. 

of  nitens  Laporte :  Vera  Cruz. 

Recorded  distribution:  Mexico;  Lower  California:  San  Pedro  Martir; 
Guatemala;  Costa  Rica;  Honduras;  Guadeloupe;  Trinidad;  Grenada;  Vene- 
zuela; Colombia. 

The  other  subspecies,  T.  laevis  laevis  (Sturm) ,  occurs  in  Venezuela,  Guiana, 
Brazil,  Paraguay  and  Argentina. 

(72)  Tropistemus  (Pristoternus)  lateralis  (Fabricius)  subspp. 

Eydrophilus  lateralis  Fabricius,  1775,  Systema  Ent.,  p.  228;  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.Phila.,  Proc.  7:367. 

Tropistemus  lateralis,  Horn,  1876,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:251,  252;  Sharp,  1882,  Biol. 
Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :60;  Horn,  1883,  Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883(2): 
111;  Sharp,  1887,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  (Suppl.)  1(2):763;  Blatchley, 
1910,  Coleopt.  Indiana,  p.  256,  fig.  127;  Leng  and  Mutchler,  1918,  Am.  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Bui.  38 :  102. 

Tropistemus  (Cyphostethus)  lateralis,  d'Orchymont,  1922,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 
62:32. 

This  variable  species  occurs  from  British  Columbia  and  Quebec  to  Argen- 
tina. With  such  a  range,  it  is  not  surprising  that  names  have  been  applied  to 
some  of  the  color  variants.  Several  well-characterized  subspecies  are  involved, 
and  in  the  Nearctic  fauna  at  least  the  following  names  must  be  considered :  T. 
nimhatus  (Say),  1823;  dorsalis  (Brulle),  1838;  limhalis  (LeConte),  1855; 
marginatus  and  humeralis  Motschulsky,  1859;  hinotatus  (Walker),  1866. 

In  examining  a  series  of  more  than  500  specimens  from  many  parts  of 
Canada,  the  United  States,  and  Mexico,  and  in  comparing  them  with  a  short 
series  from  Brazil,  the  following  points  have  been  noted. 


Vol,  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  441 

(a)  Examples  from  an  area  extending  from  Quebec  and  Ontario  to  Florida, 
and  westward  at  least  to  Nebraska,  Colorado  (Loveland),  New  Mexico,  and 
eastern  Mexico,  are  narrower  posteriorly,  with  the  point  of  greatest  width 
at  the  middle  of  the  length.  The  lateral  yellow  margins  tend  to  be  very  narrow, 
and  regular.  This  form  is  well  illustrated  by  Blatchley  (1910),  though  many 
females  are  wider  than  his  example. 

(b)  A  similar  form  occurs  in  California,  Nevada,  Arizona,  and  thence  into 
western  Mexico,  but  these  beetles  are  wider  posteriorly,  with  the  point  of 
greatest  width  a  little  behind  the  middle.  The  yellow  markings  are  broader, 
with  the  inner  margins  ragged ;  well-marked  specimens  occur  in  the  moun- 
tains and  at  many  places  grade  insensibly  into 

(c)  A  larger  and  more  robust  form  with  broad  yellow  margins  which  extend 
across  the  elytral  base  to  the  scutellum,  and  sometimes  almost  meet  near  the 
apices.  Occurs  from  latitude  51°  in  British  Columbia  and  Alberta,  southward 
through  Washing-ton,  Oregon,  northeastern  California,  Idaho,  Nevada,  Utah, 
Colorado  (North  Park),  and  Arizona,  thence  (according  to  the  literature) 
south  through  Mexico  to  Chile  and  Argentina.  In  at  least  southern  Arizona 
this  type  merges  into 

(d)  A  shorter  and  broader  form  with  the  yellow  margins  of  the  elytra  al- 
most as  broad  as  the  dark  green  area,  but  not  extending  inward  along  the  base, 
though  meeting  medially  just  anterior  to  the  elytral  apices.  Occurs  from  San 
Diego  Co.,  Calif.,  eastward  to  Texas. 

(e)  The  examples  found  in  Lower  California  are  smaller  than  those  of  (b) 
above,  have  the  legs  largely  black,  the  yellow  margins  narrow  and  much  re- 
duced on  the  elytra,  and  approach  the  eastern  (a)  rather  than  the  western 
(b)  inform. 

Specimens  from  Organ  Mt,  Brazil,  presumably  T.  lateralis  lateralis,  agree 
best  with  the  Calif ornian  form  described  as  (b)  in  shape,  but  with  the  eastern 
(a)  in  color.  The  eastern  form  is  certainly  nimhatus  (Say).  D'Orchymont 
(1922 :  32)  has  suggested  that  Say's  insect  might  really  belong  in  the  subgenus 
Tropisternus,  since  the  description  says  in  part  '^pectus  with  a  bifid  promi- 
nence." Only  species  of  the  typical  subgenus  have  the  presternum  bifid  an- 
teriorly, it  is  true ;  but  all  the  species  of  the  genus  have  it  bifid  posteriorly,  and 
I  believe  that  Say  referred  to  this,  for  on  p.  201  of  the  same  paper  he  had  de- 
scribed the  prosternum  (=  pectus)  of  Hydrophilus  triangularis  Say  as  having 
"a  bifid  prominence  for  the  reception  of  the  anterior  tip  of  the  sternum." 

The  California  (b)  form  has  been  described  by  Motschulsky  (1859  :  176)  as 
his  hitmeralis  and  marginatus;  I  have  examples  which  fit  his  descriptions  ex- 
cellently. 

The  northwestern  and  mountain  form  (c)  is  a  well-marked  subspecies,  and 
has  long  been  referred  to  as  dorsalis  (Brulle).  Sharp  (1887: 112)  gave  the 
type  locality  for  this  as  "Chili,  Corrientes  (teste  Brulle),"  but  Brulle  says 
"Cette  espece,  qui  n'est  peut-etre  qu'une  variete  de  la  precedente,  a  ete  trouvee 
au  meme  endroit,"  and  the  preceding,  his  limhatus,  is  given  as  "trouvee  a 


442  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Corrientes  (Republique  Argentine) ."  There  are  no  specimens  before  me  which 
agree  exactly  with  Brulle's  figure  of  dorsalis;  d'Orchymont  compared  ex- 
amples from  Texas  and  Argentina,  and  thought  them  to  be  the  same.  Unless  a 
large  series  from  South  America  proves  to  the  contrary,  I  believe  we  should 
refer  our  material  to  hinotatus  (Walker),  especially  since  Brulle's  name 
^'Hydrophilus  (Tropisternus)  dorsalis"  is  preoccupied  by  that  of  a  European 
helophorid,  described  by  Marsham  in  1802  as  Hydrophilus  dorsalis. 

The  broader  form  (d)  has  been  described  as  limhalis  (LeConte).  Sharp 
(1887  :  763)  placed  it  as  a  synonym  of  dorsalis,  but  I  suspect  that  the  true  dor- 
salis does  not  occur  here,  and  as  limhalis  differs  in  form  and  distribution  from 
hinotatus,  it  may  warrant  subspecific  standing. 

Since  the  Lower  California  population  of  lateralis  is  obviously  distinct  from 
the  subspecies  mentioned  above,  it  probably  should  be  given  a  subspecific 
name.  I  hesitate  to  do  this  without  adequate  material  from  western  Mexico, 
and  Central  and  South  America. 

Recorded  distribution  in  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  71,  Triunfo,  July  13  (pool  in  arroyo)  ;  17, 
Twenty  miles  N.  of  Comondu,  July  23;  3,  Fourteen  miles  S.E.  of  Santonio, 
June  7 ;  all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  1  from  Santa  Inez  near 
Catavina,  July  16,  1941,  collected  by  C.  F.  Harbison  (S.D.N.H.M.)  ;  1  from 
Mulege,  May  14,  1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.)  ;  1  male,  Cape 
San  Lucas  (Leng-Leech  Colin.).  Five  examples  from  San  Marcus  Island  in 
the  Gulf  of  California,  June  19, 1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.) , 
differ  in  having  the  yellow  margins  broader. 

There  is  also  (Figure  4)  a  single  (callow)  typical  specimen  of  T.  lateralis 
limhalis  (LeConte)  from  the  Colorado  River  at  El  Mayor,  Lower  California, 
April  5, 1939 ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Horn  (1894 :  315)  records 
limhalis  from  Cabo  San  Lucas,  but  the  example  before  me  is  not  that  form ; 
see  above. 

Todd  (1942)  has  named  a  new  genus  and  species  {Zonothrix  tropisterna 
Todd)  of  parasitic  nematode  from  adults  of  ''Tropisternus  nimhatus  Say"  in 
Nebraska.  Wilson  (1923)  has  described  and  illustrated  the  immature  stages, 
and  given  notes  on  the  habits  of  larvae  and  adults  of  lateralis  at  Fairport, 
Iowa. 

(73)  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  obscurus  Sharp 

Tropisternus  ohscurus  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2) : 60,  and  plate  2,  fig.  7. 
PleurJiomus  obscurus  Sharp,  1883,  Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2)115;  Sharp,  1887, 

Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  (Suppl.),  1(2)  :763. 
Tropisternus    {Cyphostethus)    obscurus,  d'Orchymont,   1921,   Soc.   Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 

61:350-352;  d'Orchymont,  1922,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  62:18,  31. 

This  shiny  black  species  resembles  ellipticus  at  first  glance,  but  the  elytra 
are  more  pointed  apically,  and  the  epipleura  are  diagnostic  by  their  form  (see 
key)  and  lack  of  marginal  setigerous  punctures.  In  1883  Sharp  placed  oh- 
scurus  as  the  second  species  in  his  new  genus  Pleurhomus.  In  1921  d'Orchy- 


Vol.  XXIV]  L'EECE:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  443 

mont  discussed  the  matter  exhaustively,  put  Pleurhomus  as  a  subgenus  of 
Tropisternus  and  included  only  sahlhergi  Sharp. 

The  elytra  of  ohscurus  are  finely  punctate,  a  little  more  coarsely  at  the 
apices;  mesosternal  process  with  a  few  punctures  on  anterior  part  (I  have 
seen  only  females) ;  metafemora  with  a  few  coarse  punctures,  the  basal  pubes- 
cent area  smaller  than  in  ellipticus.  Fifth  apparent  abdominal  sternite  with 
an  apical  median  raised  area  from  which  a  tuft  of  golden  hairs  protrude,  but 
without  a  definite  spine. 

Type  locality :  Duenas,  Guatemala. 

Recorded  distribution :  Guatemala ;  Mexico  and  "California." 

New  records :  Mexico :  El  Banito,  Valles,  San  Luis  Potosi,  June  29,  1940, 
collected  bj^  H.  Hoogstraal  (Leech  Colin.).  Lower  California:  1,  Twenty 
miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

The  Lower  California  example  agrees  well  with  Sharp's  figure,  but  the 
female  from  Valles  is  broader.  It  is  possible  that  the  single  specimen  d'Orchy- 
mont  saw  labelled  California,  was  from  Baja  California. 

(74)  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  ellipticus  (LeConte) 

Hydrophilus  ellipticus  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PMla.,  Proc.  7:368. 

Tropisternus  ellipticus,  Horn,  1876,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:252;  Sharp,  1883,  Ent.  Soc. 

London,  Trans.  1883(2)  :107. 
Tropisternus   (Cyphostethus)   ellipticus,  d'Oechymont,  1922,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 

62:18,31. 
Tropisternus  concolor  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)57;  Sharp,  1883,  Ent. 

Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2)  :107. 
Tropisternus  affinis  Motschulsky,  1859,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  32(3)  :175. 

This  common  shiny  black  species  is  equally  obtuse  anteriorly  and  poste- 
riorly, and  strongly  convex  in  profile.  Lateral  median  series  of  pronotal  punc- 
tures usually  grouped  closely  together,  appearing  as  one  or  two  punctures, 
but  if  more  numerous  anterior  one  or  two  are  much  smaller  than  rest ;  elytra 
very  finely  punctate ;  mentum  punctate  in  male,  smooth  in  female ;  legs  en- 
tirely black,  or  with  femora  paler  apically ;  metafemora  coarsely  punctate  in 
outer  half,  basal  pubescent  area  extending  to  apex  of  trochanters ;  mesosternal 
process  sparsely  punctured  anteriorly. 

Type  locality :  "New  Mexico  and  California." 

Recorded  distribution :  From  Washington,  south  to  Lower  California  (San 
Jose  del  Cabo)  and  southeast  to  Texas,  Mexico,  Guatemala,  and  Costa  Rica. 
Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend  Dr.  Mont  Cazier,  I  have  before  me  the 
series  listed  by  Grossbeck  (1912  :  324)  as  "Hydrophilus  calif ornicus/'  includ- 
ing one  so  labelled,  determined  by  G.  Beyer;  these  specimens  from  "Betw.  San 
Jose  del  Cabo  and  Triunfo,  Albatross  Exped.  1911,"  are  all  T.  ellipticus. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  5,  Rosario,  June  17  (in  pool)  ;  4,  Seventeen 
miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June  14  (in  stream) ;  1,  Catavina,  June  19 ;  2,  Tri- 
unfo, July  13  (pool  in  arroyo)  ;  1,  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ; 
1,  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3 ;  all  collected  by  Michelbacher 


444  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser, 

and  Koss.  Also  1  from  San  Ignacio,  July  20, 1941,  collected  by  C.  F.  Harbison, 
and  14  from  Ensenada,  June  27, 1925  (S.D.N.H.M.) ;  1,  Escondido  Bay,  June 
14,  1921,  collected  by  J.  C.  Chamberlin  (C.A.S.).  Gulf  of  California:  3,  San 
Marcoslsland,  June  19, 1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.). 

(75)  Tropisternus  (Pris  tot  emus)  calif  ornicus  (LeConte) 

HydropMlus  calif  ornicus  LeConte,  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:367. 
Tropisternus  calif  ornicus,  Horn,  1876,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:252  (in  part)  ;  Sharp,  1883, 

Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2):  109  (in  part);  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 

Oce.  Papers  8:214;  EssiG,  1926,  Ins.  West.  N.  Am.,  p.  379. 
Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus)  calif  ornicus,  d'Orchymont,  1922,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique  Ann. 

62:17,29  (in  part). 
Tropisternus  (Prist  oternus)  calif  ornicus,  Leech,  1946,  Canad.  Ent.  77(10)  :179,  180,  182, 

fig.  2. 
Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  caligans  d'Oechymont,  1941 ;  Musee  roy.  Hist.  Nat.  Belgique, 

Bui.  17(41):  3. 

Length  9  to  10  mm.  Black,  sometimes  distinctly  aenescent.  Elytral  puncta- 
tion  mucb  coarser  apically  and  on  sides  posteriorly,  than  on  disk,  coarser 
punctures  of  irregular  sizes  and  shapes ;  mesosternal  process  flat  and  sparsely 
coarsely  punctate  in  male,  narrower  with  more  rounded  sides  and  fine  puncta- 
tion  in  female;  mentum  with  coarser  and  more  numerous  punctures  in  the 
male.  Metafemora  piceous  in  basal  half  or  more,  remainder  yellowish-brown ; 
coarsely  punctate  in  outer  two-thirds  or  more ;  basal  pubescent  area  small, 
not  extending  beyond  trochanters.  Fifth  abdominal  sternite  with  a  median 
posterior  raised  area  from  which  a  group  of  golden  hairs  arises,  but  without 
a  definite  projecting  spine.  Tooth  of  inner  meso-  and  metatarsal  claws  (male) 
variable  in  shape,  not  useful  to  distinguish  calif  ornicus  from  salsamentus. 

Type  locality  :  "San  Francisco  and  San  Diego,"  California. 

Recorded  distribution:  Washington  to  Mexico.  Lower  California:  Cabo 
San  Lucas,  according  to  Horn  (1894 :  316) ,  but  the  record  needs  confirmation. 
I  have  not  seen  any  specimens  from  Mexico  proper.  For  the  ^'Ilydrophilus 
calif  ornicus  Lee."  of  Grossbeck's  list,  see  T.  ellipticus. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  3,  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada, 
June  14  (in  stream) .  Collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(76)  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  salsamentus  Fall 

Tropisternus  salsamentus  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:214;  Blaisdell, 

1925,  Pan-Pacif.  Ent.  1(4)  :169. 
Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus)  salsamentus,  d'Orchymont,  1922,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann. 

62:15,26. 
Tropisternus  (Pristoternus)  salsamentus.  Leech,  1946,  Canad.  Ent.  77(10)  :182,  fig.  5. 

A  brackish-water  species,  elongate  and  narrow,  resembling  the  east-coast 
salt-marsh  quadristriatus  (Horn).  Length  9.5  to  10.5  mm.  Elytral  punctation 
fine,  sparser  than  that  of  pronotum,  especially  near  apices.  Legs  brownish- 
yellow,  except  femora  basally  and  meso-  and  metatarsi  which  are  piceous ; 
pubescent  area  of  metafemora  occupying  almost  the  basal  third,  outer  two- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  445 

thirds  of  femur  with  a  few  moderately  coarse  punctures.  Mesosternal  process 
wider,  flatter  and  more  coarsely  punctate  in  the  male ;  mentum  the  same  in 
both  sexes.  Fifth  apparent  abdominal  sternite  with  a  median  carina  which 
may  project  posteriorly  as  a  short  spine. 

Tj^pe  locality :  "a  small  salt  lake  just  back  of  the  ocean  beach  at  Redondo 
[  Calif.  ] .  This  lake  is  much  saltier  than  the  ocean  itself." 

Recorded  distribution:  Southern  California  and  "Basse  Calif ornie" 
(d'Orchymont,  1922) ;  Lower  California:  Ensenada. 

New  records :  California  :  Santa  Cruz,  July  31, 1901,  det.  H.  C.  Fall  (Leng- 
Leech  Colin.). 

D'Orchymont  (1941 : 1-2)  says  that  T.  calif  orniciis  Motschulsky,  1859  (not 
LeConte,  1855)  is  salsamentus,  but  I  am  unable  to  agree. 

Genus  Chaetarthria  Stephens 

Chaetarthria  (Waterhouse  MS)  Stephens,  1833,  Nomencl.  British  Ins.,  ed.  2,  p.  22. 
Cyllidium  Erichson,  1837,  Kafer  der  Mark  Brandenb.  1(1)  :211. 

Genotype:  of  Chaetarthria  Stephens,  Hydrophilus  seminulum  PaykuU, 
1798  {=H.  seminulum  Herbst,  1797) ;  of  Cyllidium  Erichson,  Hydrophilus 
seminulum  PaykuU,  1798,  the  only  species  cited  by  Erichson. 

Tiny  yellow  or  piceous  beetles,  1.25  to  2.5  mm.  long,  resembling  the  silphid 
Agathidium  in  form.  Readily  known  by  the  fringe  of  long  golden  hairs  arising 
from  the  anterior  margin  of  the  apparent  first  abdominal  sternite,  and  cover- 
ing it  and  the  following  segment;  beneath  the  hairs  the  segments  are  excavated 
and  filled  with  a  hyaline  gelatin-like  substance. 

These  beetles  live  in  the  sand  at  the  margins  of  streams  and  rivers,  whence 
they  can  be  taken  by  flooding.  They  are  nocturnal,  and  if  one  visits  their  haunts 
at  night,  with  a  bright  light,  they  will  be  found  in  hundreds,  several  species 
often  crawling  over  the  sand  together. 

Except  in  color  most  of  the  Nearctic  species  are  very  much  alike.  Fall 
(1901 :  216)  pointed  out  that  the  shape  of  the  protibiae  of  the  males  is  diagnos- 
tic, while  d'Orchymont  (1939: 1-7)  has  shown  that  the  male  genitalia  offer 
excellent  characters. 

(77)  Chaetarthria  sp.  near  bicolor  Sharp 

There  is  a  single  male,  in  poor  condition,  from  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10, 1938,  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  The  protibiae  are  sinuate 
along  the  inner  margin  as  in  Mcolor,  not  angulate  as  in  pallida  LeConte  and 
its  allies.  Length  1.5  mm.,  head  black,  pronotum  brown  shading  to  yellow  on 
the  sides,  elytra  yellowish-brown.  Closely  allied  to  hicolor;  d'Orchymont  re- 
ported hicolor  from  Mazatlan,  Sinaloa,  Sierra  de  Durango,  and  Vera  Cruz, 
Mexico  (1939  :4-5)  but  Balfour-Browne  (1939  : 299-300)  figured  the  aedeagus 
of  Sharp's  Guatemalan  type,  and  distinguished  the  Mexican  examples  as  sub- 
species mexicana.  The  Miraflores  male  appears  to  me  to  differ  from  either  of 
the  above  subspecies. 


446  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Genus  Paracymus  Thomson 

Paracymus  Thomson,  1867.  Skandin.  Coleopt.  9:120. 

Genotype :  Hydrophilus  aeneus  Germar ;  monobasic. 

Small  beetles,  usually  aeneous  dorsally,  and  strongly  convex.  They  are 
found  in  shallow  water,  often  at  the  edges  of  lakes,  ponds  and  slow  streams. 
Some  kinds  occur  only  in  brackish  water.  The  species  are  separated  in  part 
upon  the  number  of  antennal  segments ;  the  median  segments  are  tiny,  and 
difficult  to  count  accurately. 

(78)  Paracymus  elegans  (Fall) 

CrenipMlus  elegans  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Oec.  Papers  8:218;  Fall,  1910,  American 

Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  36(2)  :100. 
Paracymus  elegans,  Winters,  1926,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  3(2)  : 56-57. 

Length  2.5  to  3  mm.  Oblong-oval  moderately  convex.  Head  black,  pronotum 
and  elytra  piceous,  pronotum  pale  laterally,  elytra  more  broadly  so,  especially 
apically,  and  distinctly  aeneous  at  sides.  Antennae  7-segmented.  Prosternum 
carinate ;  mesosternal  protuberance  large,  broadly  triangular  and  medially 
carinate  from  a  posterior  view.  Metafemora  shining,  slightly  hairy  at  base. 
Elytral  punctation  fine,  that  of  pronotum  sparser. 

The  above  description  is  drawn  from  a  topo typical  pair  collected  and  identi- 
fied by  the  late  H.  C.  Fall. 

Type  locality :  Salt  lake  at  Redondo,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution :  Redondo,  Calif. ;  salt  springs  at  Salton,  Colorado 
Desert,  Calif. 

New  records :  Gulf  of  California :  3,  San  Jose  Island,  June  10,  1921,  col- 
lected by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.).  These  specimens  agree  excellently  with 
the  topotypes  except  that  they  are  more  finely  punctate. 

Genus  Anacaena  Thomson 
Anacaena  Thomson,  1859,  Skandin.  Coleopt.  1:18. 

Genotype:  Hydrophilus  glohulus  Paykull,  1798;  designated  by  Thomson, 
loc.  cit. 

Anacaena  is  usually  distinguished  from  Paracymus  by  the  pubescent  meta- 
femora, and  from  Crenitis  by  the  non-protuberant  eyes.  However,  d'Orchy- 
mont  (1933:  302-304)  says  that  on  the  basis  of  the  world  fauna,  there  are 
certain  species  which  make  it  almost  impossible  to  separate  Anacaena  and 
Paracymus;  he  places  the  genus  Crenitulus  Winters  1926  (type,  Limnehius 
suturalis  LeConte)  as  a  synonym  of  Anacaena,  s.  lat.  More  recently  (1942A: 
34-38)  he  has  given  a  key  to  the  known  species. 

Horn  (1894 :  317)  recorded  two  species  of  Anacaena  from  Lower  California, 
both  under  the  generic  name  CrenipMlus:  infuscatus  (Motschulsky)  from 
San  Pedro  Martir,  and  suturalis  (LeConte)  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  San 
Esteban,  and  Comondu.  The  former  does  not  occur  much  south  of  San  Fran- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  447 

Cisco,  and  specimens  from  the  Peninsula  prove  to  be  A.  signaticolUs  Fall ;  the 
suturalis  of  Horn  (not  LeConte)  is  here  described  as  a  new  species. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Anacaena  op  Lower  California 

1.  Length  2.5  to  3mm. ;  form  broadly  oval.  Pronotum  yellowish-brown  except  for  a  darker 
M-shaped  mark  on  disk.  Metaf  emora  except  at  apex  densely  pubescent;  metatarsal 

segments  together  shorter  than  metatibia (79)  signaticollis 

Length  1.6  mm.;  form  elongate-oval,  narrowing  posteriorly  from  near  bases  of  elytra. 
Pronotum  piceous,  sharply  narrowly  pale  laterally.  Metaf  emora  sparsely  pubescent 
along  anterior  margin ;  metatarsal  segments  together  as  long  as  metatibia 

(80)  stemalis 

(79)  Anacaena  signaticollis  Fall 

Anacaena  signaticollis  Fall,  1924,  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  32:87;   D'Orchymont, 
1942A,  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Mem.  Ser.  2,  Fasc.  24:37,  50. 

Length  2.5  to  3  mm.,  form  oval,  strongly  convex.  Head  black,  usually  pale 
just  before  the  eyes ;  pronotum  yellowish-brown,  except  for  a  large  somewhat 
M-shaped  brown  or  piceous  mark  on  the  disk;  elytra  yellowish-brown ;  coarse- 
ness of  elytra  punctation  variable. 

Type  locality :  Pomona,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution:  Southern  California;  New  Mexico;  Lower  Califor- 
nia: San  Pedro  Martir  (as  infuscatus)  ;  "Basse-Calif ornie." 

New  records :  Lower  California :  1,  Nineteen  miles  east  of  Rosario,  June  17 
(in  a  spring)  ;  6,  Twenty  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3  (in  a  small 
stream) ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Winters  (1926 :  55)  placed  signaticollis  as  a  synonym  of  the  European  A. 
hipustulatus  (Marsham),  but  Fall  denied  this — see  Leng  and  Mutchler  1933 : 
16,  and  d'Orchymont  1942A. 

(80)  Anacaena  stemalis  Leech,  new  species 

A  tiny  elongate  blackish  species ;  lateral  margins  of  pronotum  yellowish, 
elytra  narrowly  rufous  laterally  in  apical  two-thirds.  This  is  the  Creniphilus 
suturalis  Lee.  of  Horn  1894 :  317. 

Male:  Length  1.65  mm.;  width  0,91  mm.  Form  elongate-oval,  elytra  nar- 
rowing posteriorly  almost  from  the  humeri.  Head  black ;  pronotum  piceous, 
lateral  margins  yellowish-white  in  anterior  two-thirds,  transparent  in  pos- 
terior third  and  part  way  along  base.  Elytra  ruf o-piceous,  palest  apically ; 
lateral  margins  yellowish-brown  from  just  before  middle  to  apex,  broader 
posteriorly.  Undersurface  ruf  o-piceous ;  antennae  and  palpi  yellowish  brown, 
apical  segment  of  palpi  darker ;  legs  rufous,  femora  inf uscate. 

Head  finely  punctate,  size  and  distribution  of  punctures  irregular.  Pro- 
notum finely  sparsely  irregularly  punctured,  punctures  averaging  smaller 
than  those  of  head ;  corners  broadly  rounded.  Elytra  with  sutural  striae  in 
apical  half ;  punctation  finer  than  that  of  pronotum,  distinctly  serial  basaUy, 
but  coarser  and  irregular  in  apical  half;  each  puncture  gives  rise  to  a  fine 


448  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

recumbent  hair.  Antennae  9-segmented.  Maxillary  palpi  short  and  stout, 
about  as  long  as  the  almost  cylindrical  ultimate,  penultimate  two-thirds  as 
long  as  ultimate.  Prosternum  not  carinate.  Mesosternum  with  a  transverse 
median  protuberance  which,  viewed  from  posteriorly,  is  broadly  conical  and 
much  like  that  of  infuscata  or  signaticollis  but  blunter.  Metaf  emora  sparsely 
pubescent  with  elongate  hairs  along  anterior  edge. 

Holotype,  the  male  described  above  (at  present  retained  in  my  collection) 
from  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  The  left  antenna  is  broken,  the  tarsi  from  the  right 
proleg  and  the  tarsi  and  tibia  of  the  left  mesoleg,  are  missing.  This  specimen 
was  amongst  the  palpicomes  bought  from  the  late  Charles  W.  Leng. 

A.  st emails  is  closely  allied  to  suturalis  and  the  two  may  at  once  be  separated 
from  all  our  small  hydrophilids  by  their  shape,  color,  and  fine  punctation. 
Horn  (1890:  272)  said  of  suturalis  "The  prosternum  and  mesosternum  are 
simple,  without  trace  of  carina,"  but  this  is  not  true ;  in  some  specimens  the 
transverse  mesosternal  protuberance  is  small,  but  it  is  always  present  and 
usually  visible  even  at  a  magnification  of  only  20  x.  In  sternalis  the  protuber- 
ance is  twice  as  high,  but  there  does  not  seem  to  be  any  other  character  to  dis- 
tinguish the  species.  A.  suturalis  has  been  recorded  from  the  Great  Lakes 
region  to  Florida ;  the  only  western  extension  seems  to  be  Horn's  listing  of 
"Texas."  I  have  before  me  thirteen  examples  from  various  localities  in  Georgia, 
and  a  pair  from  Lucedale,  Miss. ;  LeConte's  type  series  of  five  specimens  con- 
tained examples  from  "Pennsylvania,  New  York  and  Lake  Superior." 

Genus  Laccobius  Erichson 
LaccoMus  Erichson,  1837,  Kaf  er  der  Mark  Brandenb.  1 :  202. 

Genotype  of  LaccoMus  s.  str. :  Chrysomela  minuta  Linnaeus  1758,  the  only 
species  cited  by  Erichson  (though  at  least  one  of  the  names  he  placed  in  the 
synonymy  thereunder,  represents  a  valid  species).  Thomson  (1859  :18)  desig- 
nated minutus,  but  Westwood  (1838:10)  cited  Hydrophilus  hipunctatus 
Fabricius,  1775. 

The  species  of  Laccohius  live  in  shallow  water  at  the  margins  of  streams, 
springs,  and  swampy  places.  Some  kinds  like  muddy  shores,  others  prefer 
coarse  sand  or  gravel.  The  beetles  are  from  2.5  to  3.5  mm.  long,  rather  broadly 
oval ;  the  head  and  pronotum  are  often  largely  a  beautiful  green  or  coppery 
red,  maculate  with  black,  the  elytra  usually  yellowish,  marked  with  black, 
green,  or  reddish.  The  legs  are  long  and  slender.  The  elytral  punctation  may  be 
confused,  or  in  longitudinal  series. 

At  present  only  eight  species  are  recognized  from  North  America  north  of 
Mexico,  but  study  of  eight  hundred  specimens  in  my  collection  shows  that 
others  await  description.  Specific  identifications  must  be  based  on  males, 
which  are  easily  recognized  by  the  enlarged  second  and  third  protarsal  seg- 
ments. See  d'Orchymont  1942 : 1-18. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  449 

(81)  Laccobiussp. 

Horn  (1873: 125)  recorded  the  California  ellipticus  LeConte  from  Lower 
California,  and  in  1894  specified  San  Pedro  Martir  and  Cabo  San  Lucas.  Be- 
cause the  material  under  that  name  in  collections  is  composite,  I  accept  the 
identification  only  provisionally.  This  applies  also  to  Winters'  (1926:50) 
record  of  "Lower  California"  for  ellipticus. 

New  records  (Laccohius  sp.)  :  Lower  California:  1  female.  Nineteen  miles 
east  of  Rosario,  June  17  (in  a  spring)  ;  1  female,  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2 ; 
both  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Gulf  of  California :  1  female,  San 
Marcos  Isl.,  June  19, 1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.). 

Genus  Cymbiodyta  Bedel 

CymModyta  Bedel,  1881,  Faune  Coleopt.  Bassin  du  Seine  1:307. 

Genotype :  Hydrophilus  marginellus  Fabricius,  1792;  designated  by  Bedel, 
1881 :  xxiii. 

Distinguished  from  Helochares  and  Enochrus,  which  the  species  of  Cym- 
hiodyta  resemble,  by  the  4-segmented  meso-  and  metatarsi. 

There  are  no  examples  of  Cymbiodyta  in  the  Lower  California  material  be- 
fore me,  but  Horn  has  recorded  dorsalis  (Motschulsky)  from  the  peninsula 
(1890:  256 ;  1894:  316).  The  following  description  is  drawn  from  California 

specimens. 

(82)  Cjmibiodyta  dorsalis  (Motschulsky) 

Eydrohius  dorsalis  Motschulsky,  1859,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  32:  (2)  :177. 
Philhydrus  dorsalis,  Horn  1873,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:131. 

CymModyta  dorsalis,  Hoen  1890,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:254,  255;  Fall,  1901,  Calif. 
Acad.  Sci.,  Occ  Papers,  8:57,-  Winters,  1927,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  4(1)  : 26,  27. 

Length  4.5  to  5.25  mm.  Head  black,  pronotum  and  elytra  black,  reddish- 
yellow  laterally,  pronotum  more  broadly  so ;  undersurf ace  black,  mouthparts, 
trochanters,  femora  apically,  tibiae  and  tarsi,  usually  rufous. 

Head,  pronotum  and  elytra  densely  rather  finely  punctate,  head  and  pro- 
notum with  a  few  coarser  punctures  laterally;  elytra  with  sutural  striae  in 
apical  two-thirds,  and  laterally  five  or  six  longitudinal  series  of  punctures, 
outer  series  coarser  and  longer,  though  apically  a  full  complement  of  ten  (in- 
cluding sutural)  may  show.  Prosternum  not  carinate  medially;  mesosternal 
protuberance  small,  arcuate,  transverse;  apparent  fifth  abdominal  sternite 
with  a  small  shallow  emargination  at  apex,  emargination  fringed  with  stiff 
hairs. 

Type  locality :  San  Francisco,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution :  Washington ;  California ;  Santa  Cruz  Island ;  Lower 
California :  San  Pedro  Martir. 

Genus  Enochrus  Thomson 

Philydrus  Solier,  1834,  Soc  Ent.  France,  Ann.  3:315  (not  PMlydrus  Duftschmidt,  1805, 
Dryopidae). 


450  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  See. 

Philhydrus  BrjtliA  1835,  in:  Audouin  and  Brull6,  Hist.  Nat.  Insect.  5:276  (not  PMlhy- 

drus  Brookes,  1828,  Eeptilia). 
Enochrus  Thomson  1859,  Skandin.  Coleopt.  1:18. 

Genotype:  F.  Balfour-Browne  (1941:264-265)  has  discussed  the  geno- 
tjrpe  of  Philydrus,  accepting  the  designation  of  Hydrophilus  melanocephalus 
Fabricius,  1801  {=H.  quadriptmctatus  Herbst,  1797)  by  Thomson,  1859  :  18. 
However,  he  has  overlooked  the  earlier  designation  by  Hope  (1839 :  125)  of 
Hydrophilus  hicolor  Fabricius,  1792.  Thomson,  loc.  cit.,  in  creating  Enochrus, 
cited  as  type  Hydrophilus  hicolor  Paykull  (=  Hydrophilus  melanocephalus 
Olivier,  1792),  and  Knisch  (1924:  200)  gave  melanocephalus  Olivier. 

Our  species  of  Enochrus  have  been  divided  amongst  three  subgenera,  i.e., 
Enochrus  s.  str.,  Methydrus  Rey,  and  Lumetus  Zaitzev.  D'Orchymont's  key 
to  these  subgenera  (1919: 155)  has  been  rearranged  and  given  by  Winters 
(1927:19)  as  follows: 

"Last  2  joints  of  maxillary  palpi  nearly  equal  in  length Subgen.  Enochrus  st.  str. 

Last  joint  of  maxillary  palpi  always  shorter  than  the  preceding 2 

2.  Series  of  coarser  punctures  on  head  and  thorax  indistinct  or  very  much  reduced 

Subgen.  Methydrus  Eey. 

Series  of  coarser  punctures  distinct Subgen.  Lumetus  Zaitz." 

This  last  character,  the  series  of  coarser  punctures  of  the  head  and  pro- 
notum,  is  very  difficult  or  impossible  to  use.  In  1939  J.  Balfour-Browne,  dis- 
cussing E.  esuriens  (Walker),  decided  that  the  differences  in  punctation  did 
not  justify  two  subgenera,  but  unfortunately  he  made  the  older  Methydrus 
Rey  a  synonym  of  Lumetus  Zait.  D'Orchymont  (1939)  reviewed  the  matter 
and  agreed  that  a  separation  on  punctation  was  unsatisfactory.  He  proposed 
to  retain  both  subgenera,  distinguishing  them  on  the  form  of  the  apex  of  the 
fifth  abdominal  stemite,  as  follows  (translated)  : 

"1.  Fifth  ventral  segment  without  a  cilate  notch,  the  posterior  margin  entire,  without  a 
fringe  of  stiff  hairs  at  the  middle.  Subgenotype:  Hydrophilus  bicolor  F.,  1792 

Lumetus 

1'.  This  segment  with  a  semi-circular  notch  fringed  with  stiff  russet  or  golden  hairs. 
Sometimes  the  notch  is  shallow  and  poorly  indicated,  but  in  that  case,  the  fringe 
of  hairs,  distinct  from  the  surrounding  pubescence,  is  present.  Subgenotype: 
Hydrophilus  affinis  Thunberg,  1794 Methydrus" 

By  this  arrangement,  only  the  following  of  the  Nearctic  Enochrus  will 
run  to  the  subg.  Lumetus:  conjunctus  (Fall),  reflexipennis  (Zimmermann), 
hamiltoni  (Horn),  the  diffusus  (LeConte)  complex,  and  collinus  Brown. 

The  four  species  at  hand  from  Lower  California  all  trace  to  the  subgenus 
Methydrus  in  the  1939  key.  They  may  be  separated  as  follows : 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Enochrus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Presternum  carinate  at  middle 2 

— Prosternum  not  carinate.  Head  black  except  above  base  of  each  mandible ;  pronotum  and 
elytra  ruf  o-testaceous  or  tinged  with  piceous ;  basal  marginal  line  of  pronotum  dis- 
tinct ;  protarsal  claws  of  male  not  toothed,  though  with  a  basal  angulation 

(83)  calif ornicus 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  451 

2.  Length  4  mm.  or  over;  form  elongate-oval,  pronotum  unicolorous (84)  rossi 

— Length  2.25  to  3.5  mm.;  form  more  broadly  oval;  pronotum  unicolorous  or  maculate.  .  .3 

3.  Length  2.75  to  3.5  mm.  Pronotum  black  or  piceous  at  middle;  head  black  except  for  a 

pale  area  just  in  front  of  eyes;  elytral  punctation  usually  as  apparent  as  that  of 

pronotum;  form  narrower (85)  species  near  cristatus 

— Length  2.25  to  3.25  mm.  Pronotum  uniformly  testaceous,  except  for  darkenings  formed 
by  internal  muscle  attachments ;  head  broadly  testaceous  in  front  of  eyes ;  elytra 
usually  impunctate  (as  seen  at  20  x)  except  for  a  few  longitudinal  series;  form 
broader (86)  species  near  pectoralis 

(83)  Enochrus  (Methydrus)  californicus  (Horn) 

Philhydrus  latiusculus  Horn,  1873,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:128,  130  (not  Philhydrus 

latiusculus  Motschulsky,  1859 :  179). 
Philydrus  californicus  Horn,  1890,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:243,  248. 
Enochrus  {Lumetus)  californicus,  Winters  1927,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  4(1)  :20,  22. 

Length.  4  to  5  mm.,  form  broadly  oval.  Punctures  of  head,  pronotum  and 
elytra  similar,  densest  on  head,  sparest  on  elytra.  Elytra  not  striate,  except 
for  a  sutural  stria  in  posterior  half.  Basal  marginal  line  of  pronotum  fine  but 
distinct.  Prosternum  slightly  inflated  at  middle,  not  carinate;  mesosternal 
protuberance  lineal,  not  sharp,  with  an  indication  of  a  tooth  at  apex. 

Type  locality :  "California  (probably  northern)." 

Kecorded  distribution :  California ;  "Washington. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  1,  Kosario,  June  17  (in  pool) ;  collected 
by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

(84)  Enochrus  (Methydrus)  rossi  Leech,  new  species 

A  yellowish-brown  species  with  carinate  prosternum,  belonging  to  the 
pygmaeus  group. 

Length  4.1  mm.,  width  2  mm.  Form  elongate-oval,  nearly  parallel-sided. 
Head  black  except  for  a  large  pale  area  in  front  of  each  eye.  Pronotum  and 
elytra  yellowish-brown,  transparent;  undersurface  black  or  piceous,  except 
mouthparts,  anterior  coxae,  all  trochanters,  tibiae  and  tarsi,  which  are  yellow- 
ish-brown. 

Head,  pronotum  and  elytra  finely  punctate,  those  of  elytra  a  little  coarser, 
separated  by  more  than  their  own  widths;  coarser  series  of  punctures  on 
pronotum  present,  but  not  greatly  differentiated.  Prosternum  carinate  at 
middle,  carina  somewhat  produced  anteriorly,  moderately  sharp  and  narrow 
medially  and  posteriorly.  Mesosternal  protuberance  large,  narrow,  slightly 
mucronate  anteriorly.  Palpi  rather  short,  ultimate  segment  two-thirds  length 
of  penultimate. 

Holotype,  female.  Coyote  Cove,  Concepcion  Bay,  Lower  California,  July 
24, 1938 ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  (C.A.S.  No.  5467). 

Paratype,  female,  same  data.  Differs  from  the  type  in  having  the  head  pale 
across  the  front. 

This  species  is  not  strongly  differentiated.  Its  prosternal  carina  is  most  like 
that  of  pygmaeus  (Fabricius),  but  the  body  form  is  even  more  elongate  and 


452  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  Ser, 

parallel-sided  than  that  of  cristatus  (LeConte),  from  which  the  immaculate 

pronotum  immediately  separates  it.  Its  size  alone  will  separate  it  from  the 

other  two  species  of  the  pygmaeus  complex  known  from  Lower  California.  I 

have  not  been  able  to  recognize  it  in  any  of  Sharp's  descriptions  of  Mexican 

species. 

Enochrus  pyginaeus  complex 

In  regard  to  the  Enochrus  pygmaeus  complex,  following  "Winters  (1927: 
20,  21),  the  two  small  species  from  Lower  California  would  be  identified 
as  nigellus  (Sharp)  [not  nigrellus,  as  written  by  Winters]  and  nebulosus 
var.  pectoralis  (LeConte).  A  careful  study  of  material  in  this  group  from 
many  places  across  the  United  States  suggests  that  the  matter  is  not  so  simple. 
There  do  not  seem  to  be  any  constant  differences  in  the  shapes  of  the  meso- 
sternal  carina,  which  is  large,  thin,  and  of  greatest  depth  anteriorly,  where  it 
may  be  mucronate.  But  the  form  of  the  prosternal  carina,  the  elytral  puncta- 
tion,  the  body  shape  and  color,  are  characters  correlated  with  distribution, 
and  enable  us  to  group  the  material  as  follows : 

(1)  Average  length  3.5  mm.  Prosternal  carina  low,  broad,  not  much  more 
protuberant  anteriorly.  Punctation  of  head  usually  more  distinct  than  that  of 
pronotum ;  elytral  punctation  sparse,  the  punctures  separated  by  two  or  more 
times  their  own  width,  and  not  deeply  impressed ;  pronotum  yellowish,  not 
with  a  median  black  area.  Ontario  and  Quebec  to  Florida,  Missouri  and  eastern 
Texas. 

This  is  the  nebulosus  (Say)  of  LeConte  and  later  authors,  and  presumably 
of  Say,  though  he  does  not  describe  the  ventral  carinae.  Say  mentions  a  speci- 
men from  Lake  of  the  Woods,  and  judging  from  Barber's  map  of  the  former's 
travels  (1928  :  16)  the  type  locality  could  be  in  either  Ontario  or  Minnesota. 
Motschulsky's  maculifrons  has  been  placed  as  a  sjoionym,  though  the  short 
description  does  not  agree  as  to  color,  but  his  latiusculus  and  ohtusiusculus, 
also  so  placed,  appear  to  me  to  differ;  see  notes  under  No.  3.  D'Orchymont 
(1933 :  307)  says  that  nebulosus  (Say),  1824,  is  a  synonym  of  the  Antillean 
pygmaeus  (Fabricius)  1792,  of  which  latter  he  has  seen  the  type. 

(2)  Very  similar  to  pygmaeus  dorsally,  but  the  average  length  is  3.25  mm., 
the  prosternal  carina  is  higher  and  much  sharper,  the  head  is  finely  if  at  all 
punctate,  and  the  elytra  are  finely  to  almost  impunctate.  In  most  Texas  and 
Arizona  examples  the  elytra  appear  to  be  impunctate  under  a  magnification 
of  40  X,  and  the  usual  median  blackish  mark  on  the  clypeus  is  reduced  or 
absent. 

This  may  be  pectoralis  (LeConte) ,  described  from  the  Colorado  Kiver,  Cali- 
fornia. A  few  specimens  from  Arizona,  and  one  from  New  Mexico,  and  all 
those  from  California  (Riverside  to  Fresno)  are  distinctly  punctate,  and  the 
clypeus  is  piceous  medially.  Motschulsky's  PJiilhydrus  maculifrons  (1859: 
179)  was  placed  as  a  synonym  of  pectoralis  LeConte,  but  the  description  does 
not  tally.  I  have  seen  this  labelled  nigellus  Sharp,  by  Winters ;  he  seems  to 
have  used  nigellus  on  specimen  labels,  though  it  is  given  as  ^'nigrellus"  in  his 
paper. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECE:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  453 

(3)  Average  length  3.5  mm.  Prosternal  carina  lower  and  broader,  as  in 
pygmaeuSy  but  mucronate  anteriorly ;  pronotal  and  elytral  punctation  coarser 
than  in  pygmaeus.  Pronotum  piceous  medially.  California,  from  Los  Angeles 
north  at  least  to  Mendocino  Co. ;  Arizona ;  New  Mexico;  Utah.  Examples  from 
the  last  three  states  are  usually  a  little  more  finely  punctate,  and  may  differ. 

This  is  quite  certainly  ohtusiusculus  (Motschulsky)  1859,  described  from 
San  Francisco,  which  locality  was  used  by  him  in  a  broad  sense.  It  is  also  one 
of  the  three  forms  which  I  have  seen  labelled  nigelhis  by  Winters.  If  it  is  the 
true  nigellus,  described  from  Guanajuato  and  Oaxaca,  Mexico,  then  Sharp's 
name  will  be  a  synonym. 

It  should  be  noted  that  latiusculus  (Motschulsky)  was  described  as  more 
coarsely  punctate  than  ohtusiusculus ;  this  would  not  apply  to  No.  2  above, 
and  so  it  is  possible  that  latiusculus  may  prove  to  be  a  small  form  of  the  diffusus 
(LeConte)  complex. 

(4)  Average  length  3.25  mm.  Head  piceous  except  just  before  the  eyes; 
pronotum  broadly  piceous,  elytra  tinged  with  piceous;  elytral  punctation 
about  as  in  pygmaeus;  prosternal  carina  as  in  No.  2;  form  narrower.  San 
Diego,  Calif. 

This  is  cristatus  (LeConte) ;  it  appears  to  be  a  distinct  species  of  restricted 
distribution.  I  have  seen  topotypical  specimens.  It  is  also  the  nigellus  Sharp 
of  Winters,  in  part. 

(5)  Average  length  3.3  mm.  Form  more  convex  than  in  pygmaeus,  pro- 
sternum  less  strongly  carinate,  elytral  punctation  much  coarser;  maxillary 
palpi  shorter,  the  apical  segment  more  nearly  equal  the  penultimate  in  length. 
Capron,  Florida. 

The  Lower  California  specimens  differ  appreciably  from  any  of  the  above 
and  without  a  revisional  study  it  seems  best  not  to  propose  new  names  for  them. 

(85)  Enochnis  (Methydrus)  sp.,  near  cristatus  (LeConte) 

Length  2.75  to  3.5  mm.  Differs  from  typical  cristatus  in  that  the  elytra  are 
paler,  and  the  pronotum  is  black  only  on  the  disk.  E.  ohtusiusculus  (as  defined 
above)  has  the  pronotum  similarly  marked,  but  it  is  a  broader  and  more 
coarsely  punctate  species,  with  the  prosternum  not  nearly  so  sharply  carinate. 

Records:  Lower  California:  19,  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2  (irrigation 
ditch)  ;  7,  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  1,  San  Miguel,  July  3; 
all  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  These  are  presumably  the  same  species 
as  the  ^^Philhydrus  nehulosus  Say,  var.  cristatus  Lee,"  of  Horn's  list,  and  re- 
corded by  him  from  La  Joya  and  San  Ignacio. 

(86)  Enochrus  (Methydrus)  sp.,  near  pectoralis  (LeConte) 

Length  2.5  to  3.25  mm.  Differs  from  what  I  take  to  be  typical  pectoralis  in 
that  the  head  is  more  distinctly  punctate,  and  the  front  of  the  head  darker  at 
middle.  The  mesosternal  protuberance  is  variable  in  form,  and  a  few  specimens 
have  been  seen  in  which  it  is  small;  such  examples  simulate  ochraceus  (Mel- 


454  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

sheimer) ,  an  eastern  species  recorded  from  Riverside,  Calif.,  by  Winters.  The 
non-carinate  prosternum  will  at  once  distinguish  ochraceus,  which  I  have  not 
seen  from  further  southwest  than  Dallas,  Tex. 

Records :  Lower  California :  11,  Triunfo,  July  7 ;  172,  Triunfo,  July  13  (at 
light)  ;  2,  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ;  4,  Five  miles  west  of  San 
Bartolo,  July  13;  1,  Five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10;  all  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  1,  Angeles  Bay,  June  26,  1921;  and  3,  San 
Marcos  Island,  June  19, 1921;  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.). 

Genus  Helochares  Mulsant 

EelopMlus  Mulsant,  1844,  Hist.  Nat.  Coleopt.  France,  Palpic,  3:132  (not  Eelophilus 

Leach  1817,  Diptera). 
Helochares  Mulsant,  1844,  Hist.  Nat.  Coleopt.  France,  Palpic,  3:197;  Mulsant,  1844, 

Sci.  Soc.  Agric.  Lyon,  Ann.  7:379. 
Helocharis  Thomson,  1859,  Skand.  Coleopt.  1:18. 

Genotype:  of  Helochares  s.  str.  Dytiscus  lividiis  Forster,  designated  by 
Thomson  (1859: 18),  whose  misspelling  of  the  generic  name  is  not  listed  in 
Neave's  Nomenclator.  Knisch  (1924: 192)  also  cited  lividus. 

A  key  to  the  subgenera  (world  fauna)  has  been  given  by  d'Orchymont 
(1919  :  149) .  Winters  (1927  :  24)  has  given  one  for  the  North  American  fauna. 

Horn  (1873: 126;  1890:  252;  1894:  316)  vecorded H .  normatus  (LeConte), 
and  later  (1896:368)  maculicollis  Mulsant,  from  Lower  California.  Both 
species  belong  to  the  subgenus  Hydrohaticus  MacLeay,  characterized  by  the 
ten  lines  of  coarse  elytral  punctures,  which  may  be  impressed  as  striae.  There 
are  no  examples  of  maculicollis  in  the  Lower  Californian  material  at  hand, 
and  I  am  inclined  to  doubt  the  record. 

Winters  (1927  :  23)  says  that  Helochares  is  the  only  hydrophilid  genus  in 
which  the  female  beetle  carries  her  egg-case  against  her  abdomen.  But  the 
same  habit  has  been  recorded  for  Epimetopus  (q.v.)  and  Spercheus.  Blatchley 
(1917  :  139)  mentioned  the  egg-case  of  H.  maculicollis,  while  Richmond  (1920  : 
62,  63,  and  pi.  13,  fig.  9)  has  described  and  illustrated  it.  A  figure  of  a  case  in 
situ  has  been  given  by  Boving  (Boving  and  Henriksen,  1938,  item  P.  of  fig.  1) 
and  by  Balduf  (1935) .  For  a  full  review  of  the  method  of  spinning,  egg-laying, 
and  the  placing  or  carrying  of  the  egg-cases  by  different  genera  of  hydrophilid 
beetles,  see  Laabs,  1939. 

(87)  Helochares  (Hydrobaticus)  normatus  (LeConte) 

Philhydrus  normatus  LeConte  1861,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PMla.,  Proc.  1861,  p.  341;  Horn, 

1873,  Am.  PMlos.  Soc,  Proc.  13:126. 
Helochares  normatus,  Horn  1890,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:252;  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Occ  Papers  8:57;  Winters,  1927,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  4(1)  :24;  d'Orchymont, 

1929,  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  and  Bui.  69:94. 

Length  4  to  6  mm.  Form  rather  egg-shaped,  broadest  just  behind  the  middle. 
Color  luteous  to  rufo-piceous,  head  basally  and  pronotnm  discally  black; 
elytra  often  with  an  oblong  transparent  area  beneath  each  serial  puncture; 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  455 

undersurf ace  black,  palpi,  antennae,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  rufous.  Head  and  pro- 
notum  finely  sparsely  punctate ;  elytra  with  a  short  scutellar  and  ten  long 
series  of  coarse  punctures  which  do  not  reach  the  elytral  apices,  but  may  be 
slightly  impressed  to  form  faint  striae;  interspaces  very  finely  punctate.  Pro- 
sternum  feebly  carinate  at  middle ;  mesosternum  inflated  and  faintly  carinate 
in  front  of  the  coxae ;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  with  a  small  ciliate  emargination 
at  middle  of  hind  margin. 

Type  locality :  Bodega,  Calif.  This  is  in  Sonoma  Co.,  just  north  of  Dillon 
Beach,  and  about  50  miles  north  of  San  Francisco. 

Eecorded  distribution:  California;  Arizona;  Mexico;  Lower  California: 
Baja  Purisima  and  Cabo  San  Lucas. 

New  records:  Texas  (Leng-Leech  colln.);  Lower  California;  1,  Twenty 
miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August  3  (small  stream) ;  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross.  Also  1,  Mulege,  May  14, 1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee 
(C.A.S.)  ;  10,  San  Marcos  Isl.,  June  19,  1921;  2,  Espiritu  Santo  IsL,  June  9, 
1921,  collected  by  E.  P.  Van  Duzee  (C.A.S.) . 

D'Orchymont  (1929  :95)  suspected  that  seriatus  Sharp,  of  Guatemala  and 
Mexico,  is  a  synonym  of  normatus,  and  later  (1943A :  4)  made  the  synonymy 
definite,  suggesting  regularis  Sharp  as  another  synonym. 

H.  normatus  may  be  separated  from  maculicollis  and  a  species  I  identify 
as  hipunctatus  Sharp,  as  follows  (however,  d'Orchymont  (1943 A :  4)  suggests 
that  hipunctatus  is  a  synonym  of  maculicollis)  i 

1.  Front  margin  of  mentum  nearly  straight;  mesosternum  tumid  at  middle  before  coxae, 

but  not  carinate;  abdominal  sternites  flatter,  close  fitting;  series  of  coarse  punctures 

on  elytra  usually  in  distinct  striae 2 

— Front  margins  of  mentum  strongly  arcuate  inward;  mesosternal  protuberance  distinctly 
carinate ;  abdominal  sternites  not  flat,  the  sutures  deep,  sternites  not  fitting  closely 
one  to  another;  series  of  coarse  punctures  on  elytra  not  or  only  very  slightly  im- 
pressed  as   striae normatus 

2.  Form  broader  behind,  more  convex;  elytral  striae  less  deeply  impressed.  Eastern  and 

southeastern  United  States maculicollis 

— Form  narrower,  more  parallel-sided,  flatter;  elytral  striae  deeply  impressed.  Mexico 

bipunctatus 

D'Orchjrmont  (1943 :  2)  has  given  a  somewhat  different  key  for  the  first 

two  species. 

Genus  Cryptopleurum  Mulsant 

Cryptopleurum  Mulsant,  1844,  Hist.  Nat.  Coleopt.  France,  Palpic,  3 :  188. 

Genotype :  Sphaeridium  atomarium  Fabricius,  the  only  species  listed  by 
Mulsant.  The  S.  atomarium  Fab.  of  Mulsant  is  presumably,  in  part  at  least, 
the  true  S.  atomarium  Olivier,  1790  (=S.  minutum  Fabricius,  1775),  though 
Knisch  listed  atomarium  Mulsant  (ex.  p.),  as  a  synonym  of  crenatum  Panzer, 
1794.  Thomson  (1859: 19)  cited  as  type  atomarium  Fabricius,  while  Knisch 
(1924 :  159)  gave  minutum  Fabricius. 

These  are  small  terrestrial  hydrophilids,  found  in  rotting  vegetable  matter 
and  in  animal  faeces. 


456  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

(88)  Cryptopleurum  impressum  Sharp 

(Figure  8) 
Cryptopleurum  impressum  Shaep,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2):  115. 

Length  1.7  to  2  mm.  Black  to  brown,  shining.  Elytral  striae  punctate,  not 
impressed  except  apically ;  interspaces  with  small  sparse  punctures,  from  each 
of  which  a  fine  golden  hair  arises.  Metasternum  distinctly  inflated  medially, 
its  punctures  similar  to  those  of  the  elytral  striae. 

Type  locality :  Cordova,  Mexico. 

Recorded  distribution :  Mexico. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  4,  Seventeen  miles  south  of  Ensenada, 
June  14;  1,  El  Arco  Mines,  June  23  (in  rotting  Pachycereus) ;  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

A  specimen  was  identified  for  me  by  Mr.  J.  Balf our-Browne,  who  compared 
it  with  Sharp's  type  in  the  British  Museum. 

Genus  Pelosoma  Mulsant 

Pelosoma  Mulsant,  1844,  Hist.  Nat.  Coleopt.  France,  Palpic,  3:184,  and  fig.  18. 
Genotype :  Pelosoma  laferti  Mulsant,  1844;  by  single  reference. 

(89)  Pelosoma  sp.  near  capillatum  (LeConte) 

A  series  of  54  specimens  represent  a  species  closely  allied  to  capillatum 
(LeConte),  but  distinct  and  probably  undescribed.  However,  as  I  have  not 
seen  any  of  the  Mexican  species  described  by  Sharp  in  the  "Biologia,"  and 
since  Mr.  J.  Balf  our-Browne  is  making  a  revisional  study  of  the  Cercyonini, 
it  seems  best  not  to  name  this  species. 

Length  from  1.75  to  2.15  mm.  Shining,  black,  the  front  of  the  head  and  the 
elytra  apically  rufous;  ventral  surface  black,  the  mouthparts,  antennae,  legs, 
and  last  abdominal  sternite  rufous. 

Elytra  with  fine  decumbent  golden  hairs,  except  on  disk;  striae  not  im- 
pressed except  laterally  at  middle,  punctures  larger  at  middle  of  elytra,  fine 
near  base  and  apex,  where  they  are  hardly  distinguishable  from  those  of  in- 
tervals. Prosternum  carinate ;  mesosternum  raised,  flat,  pentagonal,  densely 
punctate.  Metasternum  inflated  (females),  or  with  an  ovate  depression 
(males) ,  and  punctate. 

P.  capillatum  differs  by  its  more  coarsely  punctate  elytra,  and  the  broader 
and  longer  depression  in  the  male  metasternum.  LeConte  (1855:374)  de- 
scribed his  species  from  San  Diego  and  the  valley  of  the  Gila,  in  putrid  cacti. 
Horn  (1890 :  307)  cited  only  Arizona  and  Texas.  Moore  (1937  :  21)  recorded  it 
from  San  Diego,  Calif.,  but  Blackwelder  omitted  it  entirely  from  his  paper  on 
the  Sphaeridiinae  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 

Records  (Pelosoma  sp.)  :  Lower  California:  39,  Santonio,  June  7  (rotting 
cordon)  ;  14,  Fifteen  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24  (rotting  cactus) ;  1, 
El  Arco  Mine,  June  23  (rotting  Pachycereus) .  All  collected  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECE:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  457 

Genus  Cercyon  Leach 

Ceroyon  Leach,  1817,  ZooL  Miscellany  3 :  95. 

Genotype :  Leach  listed  two  species :  "1.  unipunctatum,  2.  melanocephalum 
&c."  Thus  the  designations  of  Hydrophilus  quisquilms  Linnaeus,  1761,  by 
Westwood  (1838: 10),  and  Hope  (1839  :  154),  cannot  stand.  Thomson  (1859: 
19)  cited  melanocephalum  Linnaeus,  1758,  which  is  a  valid  designation. 
Knisch  (1924: 127)  gave  unipuctatum  Linnaeus,  1758. 

The  species  of  this  genus  are  to  be  looked  for  under  carrion,  faeces,  rotting 
fruits  and  vegetables,  and  seaweed ;  some  occur  in  the  damp  soil  near  water. 
The  beetles  are  all  small,  and  are  poorly  known ;  Mr.  J.  Balf  our-Browne  of  the 
British  Museum  has  undertaken  a  revisional  study  of  the  North  American 
species.  The  three  species  here  recorded  belong  to  the  typical  subgenus. 

Key  to  the  Species  of  Cercyon  or  Lower  Calipornia 

1.  Elytra  with  impressed  striae.  Form  broad,  rather  flat ;  head  held  obliquely.  Eaised  area 

of  metasternum  limited  to  middle  of  metasternum,  not  extended  by  an  oblique  line 
toward  outer  anterior  angle.  Head  and  pronotum  closely,  rather  coarsely  punctate. 

Length  2.5  to  3.5  mm 2 

— Elytra  with  rows  of  punctures  which  are  not  impressed  as  striae.  Form  oval,  convex ;  head 
held  vertically.  Eaised  area  of  metasternum  limited  to  middle  of  metasternum.  Head 
and  pronotum  sparsely  finely  punctate.  Length  2  mm (90)  rufescens 

2.  Elytral  striae  deeply  impressed  from  base  to  apex,  intervals  distinctly  convex.  Median 

mesosternal  elevation  narrowly  fusiform,  punctate,  acute  anteriorly,  rounded  pos- 
teriorly, sides  nearly  vertical  to  mesosternum  proper (91)  fimbriatmn 

— Elytral  striae  shallow,  intervals  flat.  Mesosternal  elevation  a  narrow  shining  carina,  the 
sides  sloping  gradually  to  mesosternum  proper (92)  lunigeram 

(90)  Cercyon  rufescens  Horn* 

Cercyon  rufescens  Horn,  1895,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc.  (2)5:233. 

This  species  is  probably  known  only  by  the  type,  now  in  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences  (Ent.) ,  at  San  Francisco. 

Horn's  original  description  is  quoted :  "Oval,  convex,  form  of  tristis,  rufes- 
cent  moderately  shining.  Head  and  thorax  sparsely  finely  punctate.  Thorax 
without  basal  marginal  line.  Elytra  without  impressed  striae  but  with  rows  of 
moderate  punctures  not  closely  placed,  the  eighth,  ninth  and  tenth  rows  with 
the  punctures  deeper  and  closer  for  part  of  their  length ;  intervals  flat,  equal 
in  width,  irregularly  biseriately  punctate.  Body  beneath  colored  as  above. 
Metasternal  area  not  well  defined,  moderately  coarsely  punctate.  Mesosternum 
oval,  acute  in  front,  coarsely  punctured.  Prosternum  strongly  carinate. 
Length,  .08  inch ;  2  mm. 

From  its  form  and  the  fact  that  the  head  is  vertical  the  species  seems  best 
placed  near  tristis  and  fioridaniis,  but  it  differs  from  all  of  that  series  by  its 

*  After  first  proof  of  this  paper  had  been  received,  I  had  an  opportunity  to  examine  the  type  of 
Cercyon  rufescens  Horn,  and  was  astounded  to  find  that  it  is  a  species  of  Pelosoma!  Indeed  it  traces 
directly  to  Pelosoma  in  Horn's  own  revision  of  the  tribe  (1890A:287)  and  the  mesosternal  elevation  is 
even  broader,  shorter,  and  more  abruptly  pointed  than  in  his  illustration  for  P.  capillatum,  pi.  9,  fig.  8. 
Pelosoma  rufescens  (Horn)  is  perfectly  distinct  from  the  species  near  capillatum,  No.  89  above. 


458  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

pale  color,  which  is  not  due  to  immaturity.  At  first  glance  it  would  be  taken 
for  an  Olihrus. 

One  specimen.  Sierra  San  Lazaro." 

(91)  Cercyon  fimbriatum  Mannerheim 

Cercyon  fimhriatum  Mannerheim,  1852,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  25(2)  :344;  LeConte, 

1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:374. 
Cercyon  fimlriatus,  Horn,  1890A,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:290,  292;  Fall,  1901,  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:58;  Blackwelder,  1931,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  8(1)  :  22,  24. 

Length  2.5  to  3.5  mm.  Known  at  once  by  its  deeply  striate  elytra,  with  con- 
vex intervals.  Color  variable :  head  black ;  pronotum  and  elytra  yellow  to 
almost  entirely  black;  undersurface  yellowish-brown  to  piceous,  legs,  meso- 
sternal  protuberance  and  raised  median  area  of  metasternum  shining,  punc- 
tate, rest  opaque  because  of  a  fine  close  vestiture.  Punctures  of  discal  elytral 
interspaces  about  same  size  as  those  of  head  and  pronotum.  Mannerheim  men- 
tioned four  color  variants  in  his  discussion  of  the  species. 

Type  locality :  "Sub  fucis  e  mare  rejectis  in  insula  Edgecombe  [Alaska]  a 
D.  Frankenhaeuser  copiose  lectum." 

Recorded  distribution :  Along  the  Pacific  Coast  of  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  from  Alaska  to  San  Diego,  Calif. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  49,  Fifteen  miles  north  of  Rosario,  August 
1  (beach,  under  seaweed)  ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  twelve 
examples  from  Rosarito  Beach,  collected  by  Ian  Moore  (Leech  Colin.).  These 
latter  specimens  were  identified  as  C.  fimhriatum  by  Mr.  J.  Balfour -Browne. 

(92)  Cercyon  lunigerum  Mannerheim 

Cercyon  lunigerum  Mannerheim,  1853,  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Moscou,  Bui.  26(3)  :168  (not  C. 
lunigerum  Motschulsky,  186Z  =  lunulatus  Genuninger  and  Harold,  1868);  Black- 
welder,  1931,  Pan-Pacif.  Ent.  8(1)  :23,  24. 

Cercyon  luniger  Horn,  1890A,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:290,  293,  and  pi.  9,  fig.  22  (not  C. 
luniger  Eegimbart,  19^2  =  lunulatus  G.  &  H.,  1868)  ;  Fall,  1901,  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
Occ.  Papers  8:58. 

Heteryon  luniger,  Winters,  1944,  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  39(3)  :94. 

Length  2.5  to  4  mm.  Readily  separated  from  fimhriatum  by  the  characters 
given  in  the  key.  Occurs  with  that  species  under  decomposing  seaweed.  The 
elytral  surface  is  finely  granulate  and  opaque  laterally  and  in  the  apical 
quarter. 

Type  locality :  "in  insulae  Kadjak  stercoratis,"  Alaska. 

Recorded  distribution :  Along  the  Pacific  Coast  of  Canada  and  the  United 
States,  from  Alaska  to  Catalina  Island. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  2,  Fifteen  miles  north  of  Rosario,  August 
1  (beach,  under  seaweed) ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  1,  Rosa- 
rito Beach,  collected  by  Ian  Moore  (Leech  Colin.) . 

These  specimens  differ  slightly  from  two  from  the  Queen  Charlotte  Islands 
of  British  Columbia,  in  the  form  of  the  mesosternal  protuberance  and  the 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  459 

width  of  the  pronotal  marginal  bead.  There  are  not  enough  specimens  at  hand 
from  intermediate  localities  to  allow  me  to  evaluate  these  differences.  Mr. 
Balf  our-Browne  agrees  with  my  identification. 

Winters  (1944)  has  placed  lunigerum  in  Sharp's  genus  Heteryon,  but  this 
diagnosis  cannot  be  upheld.  Heteryon  has  been  adequately  redescribed  by 
d'Orchymont  1937 : 1-5. 

Genus  Dactylosternum  WoUaston 

Dactylosterrmm  Wollaston,  1854,  Ins.  Maderensia,  p.  99. 
Trichopoda  Beulle,  1835,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  5(2)  :289,  294. 
Coelostoma  (ex.  p.)  Laporte,  1840,  Hist.  Nat.  Anim.,  Art.  2,  p.  58. 
Cyclonotum  (ex.  p.)  Mulsant,  1844,  Sci.  Soc.  Agric.  Lyon,  Ann.  7:167, 169, 
Macrooercyon  Alluaud,  1899,  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Bui.  1889,  p.  379. 

Genotype :  Dactylosternum  roussetii  WoUaston,  1854,  p.  100,  pi.  3,  fig.  1, 
=  D.  insular e  (Laporte)  1840 :  59. 

(93)  Dactylosternum  cacti  (LeConte) 

Cyclonotum  cacti  LeConte  1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  Proc.  7:373;  Schwarz,  1878,  Am. 

Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  17:355. 
Dactylosternum  cacti,  Horn,  1890A,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:283,  284;  Fall,  1901,  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  Oec  Papers  8:58;  Blackwelder,  1931,  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  8(1)  :21. 

Length  4.5  to  6  mm.  Form  broadly  oval,  sides  subparallel.  Black  above  and 
below,  except  for  the  mouthparts,  antennae  and  legs,  which  are  tinged  with 
rufous.  Head,  pronotum  and  elytra  finely  densely  punctate,  punctures  sepa- 
rated by  a  little  more  than  their  own  width ;  elytra  with  longitudinal  series 
of  coarser  punctures,  lateral  ones  coarser,  not  striate  except  for  a  lightly  im- 
pressed sutural  one  in  apical  third.  Prosternum  carinate  medially,  carina  pro- 
tuberant anteriorly;  mesosternal  protuberance  broadly  sagittate;  middle  of 
metasternum  inflated,  shining,  finely  punctate.  First  abdominal  sternite 
distinctly  carinate  at  middle. 

Type  locality :  "San  Diego,  California,  in  putrid  opuntia." 

Recorded  distribution :  Southern  California ;  Arizona. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  3,  El  Arco  Mines,  June  23  (rotting  Pachy- 
cereus) ;  4,  Fifteen  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  June  24  (rotting  cactus) ;  3, 
Yenancio,  July  17;  6,  Santonio,  July  7  (rotting  cordon).  All  collected  by 
Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Genus  Phaenonotum  Sharp 

Phaenonotum  Sharp,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.  1(2)  :97. 

Genotype:  Phaenonotum  tarsale  Sharp  1882,  p.  98,  pi.  3,  fig.  8  (according 
toKnischl924:114). 

This  genus  has  not  been  recorded  from  Lower  California  before. 

(94) Phaenonotum  sp.,  near  exstriatum  (Say) 

Length  3  mm.  Form  rather  broadly  oval,  strongly  convex,  shining.  Black, 
sides  of  pronotum  diffusedly  paler;  undersurface  piceous  to  rufo-piceous. 


460  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Head  finely  punctured,  pronotum  hardly  more  coarsely  so ;  elytra  mucli  more 
coarsely  punctate  than  head  or  pronotum,  punctures  separated  by  more  than 
their  own  width,  confused,  without  trace  of  striae  or  coarser  series  of  punc- 
tures. Prosternum  short,  not  carinate  medially ;  mesosternum  with  a  narrow 
linear  median  elevation  which  joins  the  similar  but  broadening  metasternal 
elevation. 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  P.  exstriatum  (Say) ,  but  is  smaller,  narrower, 
and  darker  ventrally.  This  is  probably  one  of  the  species  described  from  Mex- 
ico by  Sharp,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to  recognize  it  with  certainty  from  his 
descriptions. 

Records  {Phaenonotum  sp.)  :  Lower  California :  2,  Twenty  miles  north  of 
Comondu,  July  23 ;  1,  San  Miguel,  July  3 ;  3,  Five  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10 ;  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  Also  1  labelled  San  Jose  del 
Caba  [sic!], November  15, 1934  (S.D.N.H.M.). 

Family  LIMNEBIIDAE 

As  mentioned  in  the  discussion  under  the  family  Hydrophilidae,  Boving 
(1931)  proposed  the  family  LimneMidae  for  the  genera  Limnehius,  Ochthe- 
hius  and  Hydraena,  which  he  moved  from  the  Hydrophiloidea  to  the  Staphy- 
linoidea. 

Judging  from  the  recent  work  of  students  of  other  orders  of  insects,  and 
their  interpretation  of  the  International  Rules  and  of  Opinion  133,  the  name 
Limnebiidae  should  be  credited  not  to  Boving  but  to  Mulsant  who  proposed 
it  as  "Limnebiaires"  (1844 :  88) .  On  the  other  hand,  the  name  Hydraenidae  has 
been  in  use  for  many  years  by  d'Orchymont,  and  perhaps  should  take  prece- 
dence. It  too  may  be  credited  to  Mulsant  (1844 :  27),  based  on  his  "Hydrae- 
naires." 

Only  one  genus  of  this  family  has  yet  been  reported  from  Lower  California, 
but  I  am  certain  that  the  other  two  occur  in  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula, 
and  give  a  key  for  separating  the  three. 

1.  Second  segment  of  metatarsi  elongate,  longer  than  third ;  pronotum  behind  as  broad  as 

base  of  elytra,  smooth,  not  coarsely  punctate  or  sculptured,  sides  evenly  arcuate; 

tiny  black  or  ruf  escent  beetles  about  1  mm.  long Limnebius 

— Second  segment  of  metatarsi  short,  about  as  long  as  third ;  pronotum  slightly  or  decidedly 
narrower  than  base  of  elytra,  surface  uneven,  coarsely  punctate  or  with  a  transparent 
margin,  sides  sinuate  or  irregular ;  small  black  or  reddish  beetles,  1  to  2  nam.  long . .  2 

2.  Maxillary  palpi  very  long,  much  longer  than  antennae;   pronotum  coarsely,  closely 

punctate,  sides  without  a  transparent  border Hydraena 

— Maxillary  palpi  shorter  than  antennae ;  pronotum  variously  sculptured,  often  with  deep 
fossae  and  grooves,  always  with  a  transparent  border  in  at  least  basal  half 
(fig.  14)    Ochthebius 

Genus  OcMliebius  Leach 
OohtheMus  Leach,  1815,  Ent.,  in  Brewster's  Edinb.  Encyclop.  9:95. 

Genotype:  apparently  Hydraena  riparia  Illiger,  1798  (=Hydrophilus 
impressus  Marsham,  1802) ,  not  Hydraena  riparia  (Kugelann) .  KJnisch  (1924) 
does  not  use  the  typical  subgenus  to  include  impressus. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  461 

Tiny  beetles,  1.3  to  2  mm.  long;  found  in  ponds  and  streams.  Only  one 
species  has  been  reported  from  Lower  California,  but  I  have  no  doubt  that 
careful  collecting  would  disclose  many  others.  They  occur  on  the  undersides 
of  stones  and  wood,  debris,  etc.,  in  running  water,  and  can  often  be  taken  in 
quantity  by  stirring  up  the  muddy  edges  of  ponds  or  backwaters,  as  well  as 
by  splashing  water  onto  the  sandy  edges  of  streams  and  rivers. 

(95)  Ochthebius  (s.  str.)  interruptus  LeConte 

(Figure  14) 

Ochthebius  interruptus  LeConte,  1852,  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.  N.Y.,  Ann.  5:210;  LeConte, 
1855,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  PMla.,  Proc.  7:361;  LeConte,  1878,  Am.  Philos.  Soc,  Proc. 
17:379;  Horn,  1890B,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17(1)  :  23,  and  pi.  2,  fig.  9;  d'Orchy- 
mont,  1943,  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  19(10)  :3,  7,  and  fig.  lA. 

Length  1.60  to  1.75  mm.;  piceous,  aenescent,  or  cupreous.  Pronotum  broader 
than  long  (5.3 :  3.95),  widest  anteriorly,  thence  gradually  narrowed  to  base, 
with  a  thin  transparent  broader  from  base  to  anterior  quarter.  Median  groove 
two-thirds  length  of  pronotum,  sometimes  interrupted,  a  discal  f  orea  at  each 
side  of  it  anteriorly,  and  another  pair  on  each  side  at  basal  end,  foveae  mod- 
erately deep  but  their  margins  indistinct ;  an  elongate  anterior  fovea  on  each 
side  of  pronotum,  about  on  a  line  with  eyes.  Surface  of  pronotum  sparsely 
finely  punctate,  the  higher  parts  of  the  disk  shining,  remainder  alutaceous. 
Elytra  striate,  punctures  somewhat  indistinct  because  of  fine  transverse 
wrinkles  on  interspaces,  which  are  wider  than  striae. 

Type  locality :  San  Diego,  Calif. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California  (Comondu)  to  British  Columbia, 
Wyoming,  Colorado,  and  Arizona. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Twenty  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23 ; 
a  single  male  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

Typical  specimens  from  southern  California  differ  from  this  example  in  that 
the  elytral  punctures  are  coarser  and  not  made  indistinct  by  transverse  ridges ; 
there  is  also  a  small  difference  in  the  width  of  the  aedeagus. 

I  am  sure  that  the  distribution  as  given  by  Horn  (see  above)  covers  two  or 
more  undescribed  species,  and  suspect  that  one  of  them  was  used  to  provide 
his  illustration  of  interruptus. 

There  are  three  specimens  of  0.  sculptus  LeConte  in  my  collection  (ex.  C. 
W.  Leng  Collection)  labelled  simply  "B.C."  As  British  Columbia  is  far  out 
of  the  range  of  this  species,  the  specimens  may  be  mislabelled,  or  the  letters 
may  be  an  abbreviation  of  Baja  California. 

0.  sculptus  is  the  same  size  as  interruptus,  but  black,  hardly  aeneous.  The 
pronotum  is  shaped  as  in  interruptus  but  has  a  small  "tooth"  on  each  side, 
behind  the  middle,  and  a  narrower  transparent  border.  The  median  groove  of 
the  pronotum  is  hardly  visible,  each  anterior  discal  forea  tending  to  join  the 
posterior  one  behind  it,  to  form  a  continuous  sulcus.  The  elytral  striae  hardly 
impressed,  the  punctures  much  smaller  toward  apex.  Occurs  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia and  in  Arizona. 


APPENDIX  A 

Water  Beetles  of  the  Revillagigedo  Islands 

To  the  best  of  my  knowledge,  no  species  have  previously  been  recorded  from 
this  group  of  islands. 

(1)  Eretes  sticticus  (Linnaeus) 
For  a  description  of  this  dytiscid,  see  species  No.  45,  ante. 


APPENDIX  B 

Water  Beetles  of  the  Tres  Marias  Islands 

(1)  Eretes  sticticus  (Linnaeus) 
For  a  description  of  this  djrtiscid,  see  species  No.  45,  ante. 

(2)  Berosus  metalliceps  Sharp 

This  hydrophilid  was  originally  described  from  the  Tres  Marias  Islands. 
See  No.  63,  ante. 


[462] 


CHECK-LIST  OF  THE  HYDRADEPHAGA  AND  PALPICORNIA 

KNOWN  TO  OCCUR  IN  LOWER  CALIFORNIA,  THE  REVIL- 

LAGIGEDO  ISLANDS,  AND  THE  TRES  MARIAS  ISLANDS 


Species  numbered  as  in  the  text 
HALIPLIDAE 


1.  Peltodytes  Eegimbart 

1.  callosus  (LeConte) 

2.  simplex  (LeConte) 


2.  Haliplus  Latreille 

3.  concolor  LeConte 

4.  rugosus  Eoberts 

5.  species 


DYTISCIDAE 


3.  Macrovatellus  Sharp 

6.  mexicanus  Sharp 

4.  Hydrovatus  Motschulsky 

7.  species 

5.  Desmopachria  Babington 

8.  species 

9.  dispersa  (Crotch) 

10.  latissima  (LeConte) 

6.  Bidessus  Sharp 

11.  quadripustulatus  Fall 

12.  cinctellus  (LeConte) 

13.  species  near  decoratus  Fall 

14.  subtilis  (LeConte) 

15.  amandus  (LeConte) 

16.  youngi  Leech,  new  species 

17.  affinis  (Say)  3omplex 

7.  Celina  Aube 

18.  angustata  Aube  ? 

8.  Hygrotus  Stephens 
Coelambus  Thomson  (subgenus) 

19.  medialis  (LeConte) 

20.  fraternus  (LeConte) 

9.  Hydroporus  Schellenberg 

21.  vilis  LeConte 

10.  Deronectes  Sharp 

22.  addendus  (Crotch) 

23.  funereus  (Crotch) 

24.  striatellus  (LeConte) 

11.  Laccophilus  Leach 

25.  pictus  Laporte 

26.  atristernalis  Crotch 

27.  decipiens  LeConte 

28.  terminalis  Sharp 

12.  Suphisellus  Crotch 

29.  lineatus  (Horn) 

30.  levis  (FaU) 


13.  Hydrocanthus  Say 

31.  species 

14.  Copelatus  Erichson 

32.  fragilis  Sharp 

33.  chevrolati  Aube 

15.  Agabus  Leach 

34.  regularis  (LeConte) 

16.  Eantus  Dejean 

35.  atricolor  (Aube) 

36.  gutticollis  (Say)  ? 

37.  anisonychus  (Crotch) 

38.  mexicanus  (Laporte) 

39.  flavogriseus  (Crotch) 

17.  Megadytes  Sharp 

40.  species  near  fraternus  Sharp 

41.  species  near  flohri  Sharp 

18.  Cybister  Curtis 

42.  ellipticus  LeConte 

43.  explanatus  LeConte 

19.  Dytiscus  Linnaeus 
Dytiscus  s.  str.  (subgenus) 

44.  marginicollis  LeConte 

20.  Eretes  Laporte 

45.  stricticus  (Linnaeus) 

21.  Thermonectus  Dejean 

46.  peninsularis  (Horn) 

47.  nigrofasciatus  (Aube) 

48.  basillaris  (Harris) 

49.  marmoratus  (Hope) 

50.  margineguttatus  (Aube) 

22.  Hydaticus  Leach 

51.  species 

52.  species 


[463] 


464 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


[Paoc.  4th  Seel 


GYEINIDAE 


23.  Gyrinus  Geoffroy 

53.  plicif  er  LeConte 

54.  parcus  Say? 


24.  Dineutus  MacLeay 

55.  sublineatus  (Chevrolat) 


HYDEOPHILIDAE 


25.  Helophorus  Fabricius 

56.  lecontei  Knisch 

26.  Epimetopus  Lacordaire 

57.  thermarum  Schwarz  and  Barber 

27.  Hydrochus  Leach 

58.  variolatus  LeConte 

28.  Hemiosus  Sharp 

59.  maculatus  Sharp 

29.  Berosus  Leach 
Enoplurus  Hope  (subgenus) 

60.  punctatissimus  LeConte 

61.  miles  LeConte 
Berosus  s.  str.  (subgenus) 

62.  stramineus  Knisch? 

63.  metalliceps  Sharp 

64.  dolerosus  Leech,  new  species 

65.  moerens  Sharp 

66.  infuscatus  LeConte? 

67.  rugulosus  Horn 

30.  Hydrochara  Berthold 

68.  lineata  (LeConte) 

31.  Hydrophilus  Geoffroy 

69.  insularis  Laporte 

32.  Tropisternus  Solier 
Pristoternus  d'Orchymont  (subgenus) 

70.  apicipalpis  (Chevrolat) 

71.  laevis  mergus  (Say) 

72.  lateralis  (Fabricius)  subspp. 

73.  obscurus  Sharp 

74.  ellipticus  (LeConte) 

75.  calif  ornicus  (LeConte) 

76.  salsamentus  Fall 


33.  Chaetarthria  Stephens 

77.  species  near  bicolor  Sharp 

34.  Paraeymus  Thomson 

78.  elegans  (Fall) 

35.  Anacaena  Thomson 

79.  signaticollis  Fall 

80.  sternalis  Leech,  new  species 

36.  Laccobius  Erichson 

81.  species 

37.  Cymbiodyta  Bedel 

82.  dorsalis  (Motschulsky) 

38.  Enochrus  Thomson 
Methydrus  Eey  (subgenus) 

83.  californicus  (Horn) 

84.  rossi  Leech,  new  species 

85.  species  near  cristatus  (LeConte) 

86.  species  near  pectoralis  (LeConte) 

39.  Helochares  Mulsant 
Hydrobaticus  MacLeay  (subgenus) 

87.  normatus  (LeConte) 

40.  Cryptopleurum  Mulsant 

88.  impressum  Sharp 

41.  Pelosoma  Mulsant 

89.  species  near  capillatum  (LeConte) 

42.  Cercyon  Leach 

90.  rufescens  Horn 

91.  fimbriatum  Mannerheim 

92.  lunigerum  Mannerheim 

43.  Dactylosternum  Wollaston 

93.  cacti  (LeConte) 

44.  Phaenotum  Sharp 

94.  species  near  exstriatum  (Say) 


LIMNEBIIDAE 


45.  Ochthebius  Leach 

95.  interruptus  LeConte 


LITERATURE  CITED 

Items  starred  (*)  have  not  been  seen.  All  other  references  have  been  examined,  in  the 
original  in  f  uU,  as  a  photographic  copy  of  parts  of  the  original,  in  manuscript  or  typewritten 
copies  from  the  original,  or  as  reprints  or  separates. 

Alluad,  Charles. 

1899.     Contributions  a  la  f  aune  entomologique  de  la  Eegion  malgache.  7®  note.  See.  Ent. 
France,  Bui.  (1899)  (19)  :  378-382. 
Andrewes,  H. 

1939.  The  generic  names  of  the  British  Carabidae,  with  a  check  list  of  the  British  species. 
In :  The  generic  names  of  British  insects.  Prepared  by  the  committee  on  generic 
nomenclature  of  the  Eoyal  Entomological  Society  of  London,  with  the  assistance 
of  the  Department  of  Entomology  of  the  British  Museum  (Natural  History). 
Eoyal  Ent.  Soc.  London.  Part  6,  pp.  153-192.  (Issued  December  15, 1939.) 

Aub£,  Charles. 

1837-1838.  Hydrocanthares.  In:  Dejean,  Boisduval  et  Aube,  Iconographie  et  histoire 
naturelle  des  coleopteres  d'Europe,  Vol.  5.  Mequignon-Marvis,  Paris.  415  pp., 
46  pis.  (In  Neave's  Nomenclator  Zoologicus  the  date  of  Aube's  Hydrocanthares 
is  given  as  1837-1838.  Aube  himself  (1838  :xi)  gave  1836,  but  this  is  impossible 
as  Dejean  in  his  introduction  to  the  3rd  edition  of  his  Catalogue,  regrets  that 
Aube's  work  was  "n'est  encore  qu'a  sa  premiere  livraison"  by  April,  1837.) 
1838.  Species  general  des  Hydrocanthares  et  Gyriniens.  In:  Species  general  des  Coleop- 
teres de  la  collection  de  M.  le  Comte  Dejean,  Vol.  6.  Mequignon,  Paris,  xvi  +  804  pp. 
Babington,  Charles  Cardale. 

1841.     Dytiscidae  Darwinianae;  or  descriptions  of  the  species  of  Dytiscidae  collected 
by  Charles  Darwin,  Esq.,  M.  A.  Sec.  G.S.  &  c,  in  South  America  and  Australia, 
during  his  voyage  in  H.M.S.  Beagle.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  3:1-17,  pi.  No.  1. 
Balduf,  Walter  Valentine. 

1935.  The  bionomics  of  entomophagous  Coleoptera.  John  Swift,  New  York.  220  pp., 
108  text  figs.  Planograph. 

Balfour-Browne,  Frank. 

1932.     The  aquatic  Coleoptera  of  the  Scilly  Islands,  with  some  remarks  upon  the  genus 

Philhydrus  and  upon  'composite  species.'  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.  68(815)  (3rd  Ser. 

No.  208) :  89-104,  4  text  figs.,  3  pis. 
1934.     Systematic  notes  upon  British  aquatic  Coleoptera.  II.  The  Hydroporinae  (Hygro- 

tus  &  Coelambus).  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.  70:146-150,  4  text  figs. 
1934.     Systematic  notes  upon  British  aquatic  Coleoptera.  Part  III.  Deronectes.  Ent. 

Monthly  Mag.  70:175-180,  4  text  figs. 

1936.  Systematic  notes  upon  British  aquatic  Coleoptera.  Part  X.  Hydrovatus,  Bidessus 
and  Hyphydrus.  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.  72:28-31. 

1938,  Systematic  notes  upon  British  aquatic  Coleoptera.  Being  a  corrected  and  revised 
edition  of  a  series  of  papers  which  appeared  in  the  'Entomologists'  [sic!] 
Monthly  Magazine'  from  1934  to  1936.  Vol.  I.  Hydradephaga.  Nathaniel  Lloyd, 
London,  95  pp.,  29  text  figs. 

1940.  The  generic  names  of  the  British  Hydradephaga,  with  a  check  list  of  the 
British  species.  In:  The  generic  names  of  British  insects.  Prepared  by  the  com- 
mittee on  generic  nomenclature  of  the  Eoyal  Entomological  Society  of  London, 
with  the  assistance  of  the  Department  of  Entomology  of  the  British  Museum 
(Natural  History).  Eoyal  Ent.  Soc.  London.  Part  7:196-209.  (Issued  February 
15,  1940.) 

1940A.  British  water  beetles.  Vol.  I.  The  Eay  Society,  London,  xx  +  375  pp.,  89  text  figs., 
5  pis.,  72  text  maps. 

[465] 


466  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  Sek. 

1941.     The  aquatic  Coleoptera  of  East  and  West  Sussex.  Ent.  Monthly  Mag.  77(930): 
257-264;  (931)  :265-272.  (Also  might  be  cited  as  (4)  2(24)  :257-264  and  (4) 
2(25):265-272.) 
Balfoue-Browne,  Jack. 

1939.     On  the  aquatic  Coleoptera  of  the  New  Hebrides  and  Banks  Islands.  DytiscidsB, 
Gyrinidae,  and  Palpicornia.  Annals  and  Magazine  of  Nat.  Hist.  (11)3:459-479, 
8  text  figs.,  2  tables. 
1939A.  Contribution  to  the  study  of  the  Palpicornia.  Part  III.  Ann.  and  Mag.  Nat.  Hist. 
(11)4:289-310,  13  text  figs. 
Barber,  Herbert  Spencer. 

1928.     Thomas  Say's  unrecorded  journey  in  Mexico.  Ent.  News  39(1) :  15-20,  1  map. 
Bedel,  Louis. 

1879-1881.  Faune  des  Coleopt^res  du  bassin  de  la  Seine.  Tome  I  Carnivora-Palpicornia. 

M.  Lucien  Buquet,  Paris,  xxiv  +  360  pp.,  1  pi. 
1892.     Synopsis  des  grands  Hydrophiles  (Genre  Stethoxus  Solier).  Eevue  d'  Entomologie, 
10:306-323.  (The  last  page,  given  as  323  above,  is  not  numbered  in  my  copy.  This 
paper  is  variously  cited  as  of  1891  or  1892.  It  appeared  in  the  December,  1891, 
issue,  which  apparently  was  not  actually  published  until  early  in  1892.) 
*Beethold,  a.  a. 

1827.     Naturliche  Familien  des  Thierreichs  mit  Anmerkungen  und  Zusatzen.  Weimar.  (A 
translation  into  German  of  Latreille's  Families  naturelles  du  regne  animal,  etc. 
I  have  seen  only  the  transcript  in  Thon,  1828-1830,  Entomologisches  Archiv. 
Eydrochara,  p.  58.) 
Bertrand,  Henri. 

1927.  Les  larves  des  Dytiscides,  Hygrobiides,  Haliplides.  Universite  Paris,  xv  +  370, 
33  pis.,  208  text  figs.  (3  p.  errata  et  addenda  interpolated  between  pp.  358  and 
359.) 

1928.  Les  larves  et  nymphes  des  Dytiscides,  Hygrobiides  Haliplides.  Encylopedie  En- 
tomologique  (A)10:vi  +  366  pp.,  33  pis.,  207  text  figs.  (3  p.  errata  and  addenda 
interpolated  between  pp.  360  and  361.) 

Blackwelder,  Eichard  Eliot. 

1931.  The  Sphaeridiinse  of  the  Pacific  Coast.  Coleoptera,  Hydrophilidae.  Pan-Pacific 
Ent.  8(l):19-32. 

1939.  Fourth  Supplement,  1933  to  1938  (inclusive),  to  the  Leng  Catalogue  of  Coleop- 
tera of  America,  north  of  Mexico.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  Mount  Vernon,  N.Y. 
146  pp.  (Includes  a  half -page  obituary  notice  of  H.  C.  Fall,  by  Sherman,  p.  72.) 

1944.     Checklist  of  the  coleopterous  insects  of  Mexico,  Central  America  the  West  Indies, 
and  South  America.  Part  1.  Smithson.  Inst.,  U.S.N.M.  Bui.  185.  U.  S.  Govt.  Print- 
ing Office,  Washington.  Pp.  xii  + 188.  Issued  March  7, 1944. 
Blaisdell,  Frank  Ellsworth. 

1925.     Tropisternus  salsamentus  FaU  (Coleoptera).  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  1(4) :  169. 
Blatchley,  Willis  Stanley. 

1910.  An  illustrated  descriptive  catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  or  beetles  (exclusive  of  the 
Ehyncophora)  known  to  occur  in  Indiana.  With  bibliography  and  descriptions 
of  new  species.  Indiana  Dept.  of  Geol.  &  Nat.  Eesources,  Bui.  1.  Nature  Publish- 
ing Co.,  Indianapolis.  1,386  pp.,  590  text  figs.,  1  map.  (Issued  September  20, 1910, 
ace.  to  last  line  of  p.  1,386.) 

1917.     On  some  new  or  noteworthy  Coleoptera  from  the  west  coast  of  Florida.  Canadian 
Ent.  49(4):  137-143. 
BoviNG,  Adam  Giede,  and  Frank  Cooper  Craighead. 

1931.  An  illustrated  synopsis  of  the  principal  larval  forms  of  the  Order  Coleoptera.  Ent. 
Americana  11  NS.  (1)  :l-80;  (2)  :81-160  (=pls.  1-36  &  expls.  for  1-37)  ;  (3)  : 
161-256  (=pls.  37-84  &  expls.  38-85);   (4):257-351  (=pls.  86-125  &  expls.,  + 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  467 

index  &  errata,  &  addenda.  Dates  of  publication,  (1)  :  November  14;  (2)  :  De- 
cember 7;  (3) :  December  9;  (4)  :  December  21. 
BoviNG,  Adam  Giede,  and  Kai  L.  Henriksen. 

1938.     The   developmental   stages   of   the   Danish  Hydrophilidae.    (Ins.,   Coleoptera.) 
Vidensk.  Medd.  fra  Dansk  naturh.  Foren.  102:27-162,  55  text  figs.,  many  of  them 
compound. 
Bradley,  James  Chester. 

1930.     A  manual  of  the  genera  of  beetles  of  America  north  of  Mexico.  Keys  for  the  de- 
termination of  the  families,  subfamilies,  tribes,  and  genera  of  Coleoptera  with  a 
systematic  list  of  the  genera  and  higher  groups.  Daw,  Illston;   Ithaca,  N.Y. 
x  +  360pp. 
Brinck,  Per, 

1945.     Nomenklatorische  und  systematische  studien  iiber  Dytisciden.  III.  Die  klassifika- 
tion  der  Cybisterinen.  Lunds  Universitets  Irsskrift  (N.F.,  Avd.  2)  41(4):l-20, 
text  fig.  1.  (=  Handlingar  Kungl.  Fysiografiska  Sallskapets  (N.F.)  56(4)  :l-20.) 
Brues,  Charles  Thomas,  and  Axel  Leonard  Melander, 

1932.     Classification  of  insects.  A  key  to  the  known  families  of  insects  and  other  ter- 
restrial  arthropods.   Museum   Comparative   Zoology    (Harvard   College),   Bui. 
73 : 1-672,  and  1, 121  text  figs. 
*Brull6,  Gaspard  Auguste. 

1835.     Vol  5  in:  Audouin  and  Brulle,  Histoire  naturelle  des  Insectes. 

1838.     Insectes.  Vol.  6,  part  2  {in:  Alcide  d^Orbigny,  Voyage  dans  I'Amerique  Meridion- 

ale  (le  Bresil,  la  republique  orientale  de  I'Uruguay,  la  republique  Argentine,  la 

Patagonie,  la  republique  du  Chili,  la  republique  de  Bolivia,  la  republique  de 

Perou),  execute  pendant  les  annees  1826,  1827,  1828,  1829,  1830,  1831,  1832  et 

1833.  P.  Bertrand,  Paris;   V^  Levrault,  Strasbourg.  1837-1843.   (I  have  seen 
photostats  of  the  title  page,  p.  57,  and  plate  4,  only.) 

Castelnau,  Comte  de,  see  F.  L.  de  Laporte. 
Chevrolat,  Loms  Alexandre  Auguste. 

1833.  Coleopteres  du  Mexique.  Fasc.  1.  G.  Silbermann,  Strasbourg.  (The  work  is  in  8 
fascicules,  410  pages,  the  pages  not  numbered.  I  am  uncertain  as  to  the  correct 
date  of  publication  of  fasc.  1.) 

1834.  Coleopteres  du  Mexique.  Fasc.  3.  (The  description  on  p.  15  is  dated  November, 

1834,  but  this  is  perhaps  the  date  on  which  it  was  written;  the  cover  of  the 
fascicule  is  dated  1835.) 

1841-1849.  (as  author  of  certain  articles  in:  D'Orbigny's  Diet.  Universel  d'BU.st.  Nat. 
SeeDupoNCHEL.) 
Cockerell,  Theodore  Dru  Alison. 

1817.     Entomology  at  the  United  States  National  Museum.  Ent.  News  28(2):55-59. 
(Published  February  5.) 
Crotch,  George  Egbert. 

1870.     The  genera  of  Coleoptera  studied  chronologically  (1735-1801).  Ent.  Soc.  London, 

Trans.   (1870)    (1)  :41-52.   (1802-21),  oy.  cit.   (3)  : 213-241. 
1873.     Eevision  of  the  Dytiscidae  of  the  United  States.  American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 
4(3  &  4): 383-424. 
Curtis,  .John. 

1827.     British  entomology;  being  illustrations  and  descriptions  of  the  genera  of  insects 

found  in  Great  Britain  and  Ireland ;  containing  coloured  figures  from  nature  of 

the  most  rare  and  beautiful  species  and  in  many  instances  of  the  plants  upon 

which  they  are  found.  London.  4:  pis.  147-194,  with  accompanying  descriptions. 

Dejean,  Comte  Pierre  Francois  Marie  Auguste. 

1833.     Catalogue  des  Coleopteres  de  la  collection  de  M.  le  Comte  Dejean.   (2d  ed.) 
Mequignon-Marvis,  Paris.  176  pp. 


468  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4th  See. 

1837.  Catalogue  des  Coleopteres  de  la  Collection  de  M.  le  Comte  Dejean.  Troisi^me 
edition,  revue,  corrigee  et  augmentee.  Mequignon-Marvis,  Paris,  xiv  +  503  pp. 
(See  H.  S.  Barber  and  J.  C.  Bridwell,  1940.  Dejean  catalogue  names  (Coleoptera). 
Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  35(1)  :1-12). 

DUG^S,  D.  EUGENIO. 

1901.     Catalog©  de  la  coleccion  de  coleopteros  Mexicanos  del  Museo  Nacional,  formada 
J  classificada  por  el  Dr.  D.  Eugenio  Douges.   (Segunda  Edici6n.)   Del  Museo 
Nacional,  Mexico,  iv  [=  preface  by  Manuel  M.  Villada]  +  5-148  (+  1  unnumbered 
p.  of  corrections  for  the  text  &  1  for  the  plate),  12  pis.,  most  figs,  colored. 
DuPONCHEL,  PhilogI^ne  Auguste  Joseph. 

1841-1849.  (Author  of  various  articles  on  water  beetles,  under  their  family  and  generic 
names)  in:  Charles  D'Orbigny's  Dictionnaire  Universel  d'Histoire  Naturelle. 
Paris,  MM.  Eenard,  Martinet  et  Cie.  13  vols.  +  3  vols.  pis.  (According  to  Sherborn 
and  Palmer,  1899:351,  the  dates  of  publication  of  the  completed  volumes,  which 
came  out  in  parts,  are:  Vol.  1-1841;  11-1842;  III-1843;  IV-1844;  V-1845; 
VI-1845;  VII-1846J  VIII-1846;  IX-1847;  X-1847;  XI-1848;  XII-1848; 
XIII-1849). 
Ekichson,  Wilhelm  Ferdinand. 

1832.  Genera  dyticeorum.  (Dissertatio  inauguralis.)  Berolini  (Sumtibus  auctoris), 
ii  +  48  pp. 

1837.     Die  Kaf  er  der  Mark  Brandenburg.  Vol.  1.  F.  H.  Morin,  Berlin  viii  +  384  pp. 
EssiG,  Edward  O. 

1926.  Insects  of  western  North  America.  A  manual  and  textbook  for  students  in  colleges 
and  universities  and  a  handbook  for  County,  State  and  Federal  entomologists  and 
agriculturists  as  well  as  for  foresters,  farmers,  gardeners,  travellers,  and  lovers 
of  Nature.  Macmillan,  New  York,  xi  + 1035  pp.,  766  text  figs. 

1931.  A  history  of  entomology.  Macmillan,  New  York.  vii  + 1,029  pp.,  262  text  figs. 
Fabricius,  Johann  Christian. 

1775.     Systema  entomologiae,  sistens  insectorum  classes,  ordines,  genera,  species,  adieetis 
synonymis,  locis,  descriptionibus,  observationibus.  Korte,  Flensburgi  et  Lipsiae. 
832  pp. 
Fajll,  Henry  Clinton. 

1901.  List  of  the  Coleoptera  of  southern  California,  with  notes  on  habits  and  distribu- 
tion and  descriptions  of  new  species.  California  Acad.  Sci.,  Occ.  Papers  8:1-282. 
(Issued  November  11.) 

1909.  New  Coleoptera  from  the  south-west.  IV.  Canadian  Ent.  41(5) :  161-170. 

1910.  Miscellaneous  notes  and  descriptions  of  North  American  Coleoptera.  American 
Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  36(2)  : 89-197. 

1919.     The  North  American  species  of  Coelambus.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  Mount  Vernon, 

N.Y.  20  pp. 
1922.     The  North  American  species  of  Gyrinus  (Coleoptera).  American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 

47:269-306,  pi.  No.  16.  (Published  February  14, 1922.) 

1922.  A  revision  of  the  North  American  species  of  Agabus  together  with  a  description 
of  a  new  genus  and  species  of  the  tribe  Agabini.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  Mount 
Vernon,  N.Y.  36  pp.  (Published  October,  1922.) 

1923.  A  revision  of  the  North  American  species  of  Hydroporus  and  Agaporus.  Privately 
printed.  129  pp.  (Printed  by  S.  E.  Cassino  Co.,  Salem,  Mass.,  ace  J.  D.  Sherman, 
Jr.  in  litt.  Published  January  or  February,  1923.) 

1932.  Eandom  notes  and  descriptions.  (Coleoptera.)  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  27(3): 
145-148. 

Fauvel,  Albert. 

1889.  Liste  des  Coleopteres  communs  a  I'Europe  et  a  I'Amerique  du  nord.  D'apres  le 
Catalogue  de  M.  J.  Hamilton  (1)  avec  remarques  et  additions.  Kevue  d'Ent. 
8:92-172. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  469 

FoEBES,  William  Trowbridge  M. 

1926.     The  wing  folding  patterns  of  the  Coleoptera.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  34(1)  : 
40-68,  2  text  figs.;  34(2):91-139  (of  pp.  116-139,  the  even-numbered  pp.  are 
explanations  of  figs.,  and  the  odd-numbered  ones  constitute  plates  7-18  incl.) 
Ganglbauer,  Ludwig. 

1904.  Die  Kaf er  von  Mitteleuropa.  Die  Kaf  er  der  osterreiehisch-ungarischen  Monarchie, 
Deutschlands,  der  Sehweiz,  sowie  des  franzosischen  und  italienischen  Alpenge- 
bietes.  Dermestidae,  Byrrhidae,  Nosodendridae,  Georyssidae,  Dryopidae,  Hetero- 
ceridae,  Hydrophilidae.  Wien.  4(1)  :  1-286,  12  text  figs. 
*Geoffeoy,  Etienne  Louis. 
1762.  Histoire  abregee  des  inseetes  qui  se  trouvent  aux  environs  de  Paris,  dans  laquelle 
ces  animaux  sont  ranges  suivant  un  ordre  methodique.  Paris. 

(I  have  seen  only  the  1746  Ed.,  in  which  the  words  "qui  se  trouvent  aux  environs 
de  Paris"  are  omitted  from  the  title,  but  which  otherwise  is  similar.  Durand,  Paris. 
l:xxviii-F523,  pis.  I-X.  2:1-690,  pis.  XI-XXII). 
Grossbeck,  Joh::  Arthur. 

1912.     List  of  insects  collected  in  Lower  California.  American  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Bui.  31: 
323-326.  (Coleoptera,  pp.  324-325.  Some  references  incorrectly  spell  the  name 
Grosbeck.) 
GUIGNOT,  E. 

1931-1933.  Les  Hydrocanthes  de  France.  Hygrobiidae,  Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae  et  Gyrin- 
idae  de  la  France  continental  avec  notes  sur  les  especes  de  la  Corse  et  de  I'Af  rique 
du  nord  Francaise.  (ifidition  des  Miscellanea  Entomologica)  Douladoure,  Tou- 
louse. XV  [=  preface  by  P.  de  Peyerimhoff]  -f  1,057  pp.,  558  text  figs.,  7  pis.  (This 
is  apparently  the  1933  reprint  edition  in  1  vol.  I  have  not  seen  the  original  parts 
as  issued  in  Misc.  Ent.) 
1939.  Contribution  a  Tetude  des  Bidessus.  Soc.  d'ifitude  Sci.  Nat.  Vaucluse,  1939.  Bui. 
[10](4):51-62. 

Harris,  Thaddeus  William. 

1829.  Corrections  and  additions  for  the  "Contributions  to  entomology."  New  England 
Farmer  [Boston,  Mass.]  8(1)  :1.  (Issue  for  "Friday,  July  24, 1829."  Most  authors 
have  cited  this  article  incorrectly,  usaally  giving  it  as  Vol.  7,  p.  8,  despite  Scudder, 
1869:354.  I  have  a  photographic  copy  of  the  original  before  me.) 

Harris,  T.  W.,  in:  Scudder  1869  q.v. 

Hatch,  Melville  Harrison. 

1929.  Studies  on  Dytiscidae.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  Bui.  23(5)  : 217-229.  (Vol.  23,  No.  5 
of  this  journal,  although  titled  "December,  1928"  was  not  mailed  until  January 
9, 1929.) 

1930.  Eecords  and  new  species  of  Coleoptera  from  Oklahoma  and  western  Arkansas, 
with  subsidiary  studies.  Publications  Univ.  Oklahoma  Biol.  Survey  2(1)  :  15-26, 
1  text  fig.  (Published  June  18, 1930.) 

Hemming,  Francis. 

1939.     See  Opinion  126,  and  Opinion  11. 
Heyne;  Alexander,  and  Otto  Taschenberg. 

1893-1908.  Die  exotischen  Kafer  in  Wort  und  Bild.  G.  Eeusche,  Leipzig.  [8  +  ]  vii  +  262 
+  50  pp.,  39  col.  pis.  (Issued  in  27  parts,  some  under  the  authorship  of  Taschen- 
berg). 
Hope,  Frederick  William. 

1832.  In :  Cuvier's  Animal  Kingdom,  with  supplementary  additions  by  Edw.  Griffith  and 
others.  English  Ed.  Vol.  14  (Class  Insecta  Vol.  1).  (Thermonectus  marmoratus 
(Hope),  p.  284,  and  pi.  32  facing  it,  fig.  1.) 
1839.  The  coleopterist's  manual,  part  the  second,  containing  the  predaceous  land  and 
water  beetles  of  Linnaeus  and  Fabricius.  Henry  G.  Bohn,  London.  Col.  frontisp., 
xvi  +  168  pp.,  3  col.  pis. 


470  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

HoEN,  George  Henry. 

1871.  Descriptions  of  new  Coleoptera  of  the  United  States,  with  notes  on  known  species. 
American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  3:325-344,  text  figs.,  pi.  No.  3  partim. 

1873.  Revision  of  the  genera  and  species  of  the  tribe  Hydrobiini.  American  Philos.  Soc, 
Proc.  13:118-137. 

1876.  Synoptic  tables  of  some  genera  of  Coleoptera,  with  notes  and  synonymy.  Ameri- 
can Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:246-252. 

1883.  Miscellaneous  notes  and  short  studies  of  North  American  Coleoptera.  Ameri- 
can Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  10:269-312,  pi.  No.  9. 

1885.     A  note  on  some  Hydrophilidae.  Canadian  Ent.  17(6) :  137-139. 

1890.  Notes  on  some  Hydrobiini  of  Boreal  America.  American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  17:237- 
278,  pis.  3-4. 

1890A.  A  revision  of  the  Sphaeridiini  inhabiting  Boreal  America.  American  Ent.  Soc, 
Trans.  17:279-314,  pi.  9. 

1890B.  Notes  on  the  species  of  Ochthebius  of  Boreal  America.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 
17(l):17-26,pl.  No.  2. 

1894.  The  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc  (2)4:302-449,  pis.  7-8. 

1895.  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California.  Supplement  I.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc  (2)5:225- 
259,  pi.  20. 

1896.  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California.  Supplement  II.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc  (2)6:367- 
381, 1  text  fig. 

*lLLI6ER,  J.  C.  W. 

1801.     Magazin  f  iir  Insektenkunde,  1.  Braunschweig. 
Knisch,  Alfred. 

1922.     Hydrophiliden-Studien.  (Op.  10.)  Archiv.  f iir  Naturgeschichte  88  ( Ab.  A.  Heft  4)  : 

87-126. 
1924.     Hydrophilidae.  In:  Junk  and  Schenkling,  Coleopterorum  Catalogus,  Pars.  79. 
Berlin.  306  p. 
*KuwERT,  August  Ferdinand. 
1893.     Die  grossen  Hydrophiliden  des  Erdballs  des  genus  Hydrous  Leach.  Deutsche  Ent. 
Zeitschr. 
*Laabs,  a. 

1939.  Brutfiirsorge  und  Brutpflege  einiger  Hydrophiliden  mit  Beriicksichtigung  des 
Spinnapparates,  seines  ausseren  Baues  und  seiner  Tatigkeit.  Zeitschr.  Morph.  u. 
okol.  Tiere  36(2)  :  123-178,  15  figs.  (I  have  not  seen  the  original,  but  the  context 
is  given  in  Biological  Abstracts,  Sect  E,  14(8)  :1361,  entry  No.  14135.  October, 
1940.) 
Lacordaire,  Jean  Theodore. 

1854.     Histoire  naturelle  des  insectes.   (Suites  h.  Buff  on)  Genera  des  Coleopteres.  I. 
(I  have  seen  only  a  copy  of  pp.  467-468.) 
Laporte,  Francois  L.  de  (Comte  de  Castelnau). 

1833.     Memoire  sur  cinquante  especes  nouvelles  ou  peu  connues  d'insectes.  Soc.  Ent. 

France,  Ann.  (1832).  1:386-415. 
1835.     liitudes  entomologiques,  ou  description  d'insectes  nouveaux,  et  observations  sur  la 
synonymie;  premiere  partie.  Carnassiers.  Mequignon-Marvis,  Paris.  (Pp.  1-94, 
pis.  1  &  2,  1834;  pp.  95-159,  pis.  3  &  4, 1935.) 
*1840.     Histoire  naturelle  des  animaux  articules.  Paris. 
Latreille,  Pierre  Andre. 
*1802.     Histoire  naturelle,  generale  et  particuli^re,  des  Crustaces  et  des  Insectes.  Vol.  3. 
Paris. 
1810.     Considerations  gen6rales  sur  I'ordre  naturel  des  animaux  composants  les  classes 
des  Crustaces,  des  Arachnides,  et  des  Insectes;  avec  un  tableau  methodique  de 
leurs  genres,  disposes  en  families.  F.  Schoell,  Paris.  (See  also  Opinion  136.) 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  471 

Leach,  William  Elford. 

1815.     Entomology.  In:  Brewster's  Edinburgh  Encyclopedia,  9:57-172. 

1817.     The  zoological  miscellany;   being  descriptions  of  new  or  interesting  animals. 

Illustrated  with  coloured  figures,  engraved  from  original  drawings,  by  E.  P. 

Nodder.  R.  P.  Nodder,  London.   ("Synopsis  of  the  stirpes  and  genera  of  the 

family  Dyticidea,"  in  3:68-73.) 
LeConte,  John  Lawrence. 

1845.     Descriptions  of  some  new  species  of  coleopterous  insects  inhabiting  the  United 

States.  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Proc.  1:201. 
1845.     Descriptions  of  some  new  and  interesting  insects,  inhabiting  the  United  States. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.  5:203-209,  pi.  No.  18.  (Dytiscus  marginicolUs  LeConte, 

fig.  10.  For  note  on  dates  of  publication  of  this  and  the  previous  item,  see  Leech, 

1941:290. 
1851-1852.  Descriptions  of  new  species  of  Coleoptera,  from  California.  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist. 

New  York,  Ann.  5:125-219.  (Pp.  125-184  have  a  printer's  signature,  September, 

1851,-  pp.  185-219,  February,  1852.) 

1854.  Descriptions  of  new  Coleoptera  collected  by  Thos.  H.  "Webb,  M.D.,  in  the  years 
1850-51  and  52,  while  secretary  to  the  U.  S.  and  Mexican  Boundary  Commis- 
sion. Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc.  7:220-225. 

1855.  Analytical  table  of  the  species  of  Hydroporus  found  in  the  United  States,  with 
descriptions  of  new  species.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc.  7:290-299. 

1855A.  Synopsis  of  the  Hydrophilidae  of  the  United  States.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia, 
Proc.  7:356-375. 

1859.  [As  editor  of] :  American  entomology :  A  description  of  the  insects  of  North 
America,  by  Thomas  Say,  with  illustrations  drawn  and  colored  after  nature. 
Edited  by  John  L.  LeConte,  M.D.,  with  a  memoir  of  the  author,  by  George  Ord. 
Bailliere  Bros.,  New  York.  l:xxiv  +  412,  54  col.  pis.,  1  plain  pi.  2:iv-f814  pp. 
(Reprinted  in  1869  by  Estes  and  Lauriat,  Boston;  in  1885  by  S.  E.  Cassino, 
Boston;  in  1891  by  Foote,  Philadelphia.  The  reprint  editions  lack  the  plain 
plate  of  Cicindelidae.) 

1861.  Notes  on  the  coleopterous  fauna  of  Lower  California.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila- 
delphia, Proc,  [13]:  335-338. 

1861  A.  New  species  of  Coleoptera  inhabiting  the  Pacific  district  of  the  United  States. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc.  [13] : 338-359.  (Some  authors  cite  this  paper 
as  of  1862.) 

1863.  New  species  of  North  American  Coleoptera.  Part  I.  Smithsonian  MisceU.  Col- 
lections, Vol.  6,  No.  167.  168  pp.  (Pp.  1-86  published  March,  1863;  pp.  87-168, 
April,  1866.) 

1866.  Additions  to  the  coleopterous  fauna  of  the  United  States,  No.  1.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc.  (1866)  :361-394. 

1868.  The  Gyrinidae  of  America  north  of  Mexico.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  Proc. 
1868:365-373. 

1870.  Synonymical  notes  on  North- American  Coleoptera.  Annals  and  Magazine  Nat. 
Hist.  (4)6:394-^04. 

1874.  Descriptions  of  new  Coleoptera  chiefly  from  the  Pacific  Slope  of  North  America. 
American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans.  5:43-72. 

1878.     Additional  descriptions  of  new  species.  In:  Schwarz  and  LeConte,  The  Coleop- 
tera of  Florida,  q.v. 
LeConte,  John  L.,  and  George  H.  Horn. 

1883.  Classification  of  the  Coleoptera  of  North  America.  Smithsonian  MisceU.  Collec- 
tions, 26,  No.  507.  xxxviii  4-568  pp.,  70  text  figs,  not  consecutively  numbered. 
(P.  7a  is  an  insert,  printed  on  one  side  only.  Pp.  533-534  are  Appendix  I.  Pp. 
535-552  are  Appendix  II,  and  contain  references  to  the  literature,  compiled  by 
Samuel  Henshaw.) 


472  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Leech,  Hugh  Bosdin. 

1940.  Dineutus  in  California.  (Coleoptera,  Gyrinidae.)  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  16(2)  :74. 
(Published  May  23,  1940.) 

1941.  The  generic  name  Thermonectus  Dejean.  (Coleoptera,  Dytiscidae.)  Canadian 
Ent.  73(11) :  197.  (Published  December  5, 1941.) 

1941A.  The  dates  of  publication  of  two  articles  on  Coleoptera  by  John  L.  LeConte, 
issued  in  1845.  Entomological  News  52(10)  :290-291.  (Published  December  30, 
1941.) 

1942.  Key  to  the  Nearctic  genera  of  water  beetles  of  the  tribe  Agabini,  with  some 
generic  synonymy  (Coleoptera:  Dytiscidae).  Ent.  Soc.  America  Ann.  35(3): 
355-362, 1  pi.  [  =  p.  359].  (Published  September  30, 1942.) 

1943.  Berosus  exilis  LeConte  a  Hemiosus  (Coleoptera,  Hydrophilidae).  Pan-Pacific 
Ent.  19(2)  :61-62.  (Published  May  22,  1943.) 

1943a.  Tropisternus  paredesi,  nuevo  coleoptero  aquatico  palpicomio  de  Nayarit,  Mexico 
(Coleoptera,  Hydrophylidae  [sic]).  Soc.  Mexicana  Hist.  Nat.,  Eevista  4(1-2): 
17-20,  figs.  1-6. 

1944.  Laccophilus  shermani,  a  new  species  of  water  beetle  from  Arizona  and  Texas 
(Coleoptera:  Dytiscidae).  Ent.  News,  55(1)  :4-6.  (Published  February  11, 
1944.) 

1945.  A  few  additions  and  corrections  to  R.  E.  Blackwelder's  "Checklist  of  coleop- 
terous insects  of  Mexico,  Central  America,  the  West  Indies,  and  South  America. 
Part  L"  Ent.  News,  55(10) : 266-268.  (Published  January  25,  1945.) 

1946.  Eemarks  on  some  Pacific  Coast  species  of  Tropisternus  (Coleoptera:  Hydro- 
phiUdae).  Canad.  Ent.  77(10) :179-184,  figs.  1-5.  (Issue  for  October,  1945; 
actually  published  March  28,  1946). 

Leng,  Charles  William. 

1920.     Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  America,  north  of  Mexico.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr., 

Mount  Vernon,  New  York,  viii  -I-  470  pp.,  1  folding  chart  [Includes  Cat.  N.  Am. 

Coleopt.  described  as  fossils.  By  H.  F.  Wickham;  pp.  347-365.]    (Published 

December,  probably  24,  1920.  See  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  in  Ent.  News,  32(2)  :62. 

1921.  According  to  the  Introduction,  p.  vi,  "The  text  for  the  water  beetles  was 

prepared  by  Mr.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.") 
Leng,  C.  W.,  and  Andrew  Johnson  Mutchlee, 

1918.     Insects  of  Florida.  V.  The  water  beetles.  American  Museum  Nat.  Hist.,  Bui. 

38(3)  :73-116,  2  text  figs. 
1927.     Supplement,  1919  to  1924  (inclusive)  to  Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Amer- 
ica, north  of  Mexico.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  Mount  Vernon,  New  York.  78  pp. 

(Includes  supplement  to  Cat.  N.  Am.  Coleopt.  described  as  fossils.  By  H.  F. 

Wickham;  pp.  53-56.) 
1933.     Second  and  third  supplements,  1925  to  1932  (inclusive),  to  Catalogue  of  The 

Coleoptera  of  America,  north  of  Mexico.  John  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  Mount  Vernon, 

New  York.  (6  +)  112  pp.  (Includes  second  supplement  to  Cat.  N.  Am.  Coleopt. 

described  as  fossils.  By  H.  F.  Wickham;  pp.  103-105.) 
LiNN^us,  Carolus  (or  Carl  von  Linni^)  . 

1758.     Systema  naturae  per  regna  tria  naturae,  secundum  classes,  ordines,  genera,  species, 

cum  characteribus,  differentiis,  synonymis,  locis.  Ed.  10,  reformata.  Laurentii 

Salvii,  Holmiae.  Tomus  I,  Regnum  Animale;  824  pp. 
1767.     Systema  naturae.  Ed.  12.  Holmiae.  1(2) : 533-1,327.  (I  have  seen  only  a  microfilm 

of  certain  pages.) 
MacLeay,  William  Sharp. 

1825.     Number  1  of  Annulosa  Javanica,  or  an  attempt  to  illustrate  the  natural  affinities 

and  analogies  of  the  insects  collected  in  Java  by  Thomas  Horsfield,  M.D.,  F.L. 

&  G.S.  and  deposited  by  him  in  the  museum  of  the  Honourable  East  India  Com- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECE:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWEB  CALIFORNIA  473 

pany.  Kingsbury,  Parbury  and  Allen,  London.  50  pp.,  coloured  pi.  (I  have  seen  a 
microfilm  copy  of  the  title  page,  and  pp.  25-35,  only.  A  more  extensive  edition,  in 
French,  appeared  in  1833.) 
Mannerheim,  Carl  Gustav  von. 

1852.  Zweiter  Nachtrag  zur  Kaefer-fauna  der  Nord-Amerikanischen  Laender  des 
Eussischen  Eeiches.  Soc.  Imperiale  Naturalistes  Moscou.  Bui.  25(2):  283-387. 

1853.  Dritter  Nachtrag  zur  Kaefer-fauna  der  Nord-Amerikanischen  Laender  des  Eus- 
sischen Eeiches.  Soc.  Imperiale  Naturalistes  Moscou.  Bui.  26(3):95-273. 

Matheson,  Eobert. 

1912.     The  Haliplidae  of  America  north  of  Mexico.  Nevy  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  20: 
156-193,  pis.  10-15. 
Melshsimer,  Frederick  Ernst. 

1844.  Descriptions  of  new  species  of  Coleoptera  of  the  United  States.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Philadelphia,  Proc.  2:26-43.  (Dr.  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  of  the  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Philadelphia,  gave  me  the  following  note  in  December,  1942,  on  the  publication 
of  Melsheimer's  paper:  "Issued  at  least  earlier  than  June  21,  1844,  but  hardly 
April;  better  say  June.") 
M^QIHGNON,  A. 

1937.     Observations  sur  quelques  noms  de  genre.  I.  Hydrophylus  [sic]  ou  Hydrous? 
Soc.  Ent.  France,  Bui.  42(4)  : 53-55. 
MiOHELBACHER,  Abe  E.,  and  Edward  S.  Eoss. 

1942.     Contributions  towards  a  knowledge  of  the  insect  fauna  of  Lower  California.  No.  1. 
Introductory  account.  California  Acad.  Sci.,  Proc.  (4)24(1)  :l-20,  pis.  1-3. 
Moore,  Ian. 

1937.     A  list  of  the  beetles  of  San  Diego  County,  California.  San  Diego  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 
Occ.  Papers,  No.  2 ;  109  pp.  (June  15, 1937.) 

MOTSCHULSKY,  VICTOR  DE. 

*1853.     Hydrocanthares  de  la  Eussie  catalogues. 
1855.     Nouveautes.  Etudes  Entomologiques,  4:82-84. 

1859.     Coleopteres  nouveacx   de  la   Californie.   Soc.   Imperiale   Naturalistes   Moscou, 
Bui.  32(3):  122-185. 
•MuLLER,  Otto  Friedpich. 

1764.     Fauna  insectorum  Friedrichsdalina,  etc.  Hafniae. 
MuLSANT,  Martial  Etienne. 

1844.     Histoire  naturelle  des  Coleopteres  de  France.  Vol.  3.  Palpicomes.  Ch.  Savy  Jeune, 
Lyon,  vii  +  196  pp.,  1  pi.  + 1  unnumbered  p.  of  "Errata  et  addenda,"  =  p.  197. 
*1844.     In:  Sci.  Soc.  Agric.  Lyon,  Ann.  (3)7: 
*1851.     In:  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  Lyon,  CI.  Sci.  (N.S.),  1:1. 
Mutchler,  Andrew  Johnson. 

1931.     Genotype  designations  of  the  genera  Hydrophilus  and  Hydrochara.  American 
Museum  Novitates,  No.  507,  pp.  1-3.  (Issued  November  28,  1931.) 
Neave,  Sheffield  Airey. 

1939-1940.  (As  editor  of  Nomenclator  Zoologicus,  q.v.) 
Needham,  James  George,  and  Eeed  O.  Christenson. 

1927.  Economic  insects  in  some  stream  of  northern  Utah.  Utah  Agric.  Expt.  Station, 
Bui.  No.  201.  Logan,  Ut.  36  pp.,  43  text  figs. 
Nomenclator  Zoologicus,  a  list  of  the  names  of  genera  and  subgenera  in  zoology  from  the 
tenth  edition  of  Linnaeus,  1758,  to  the  end  of  1935.  Edited  by  Sheffield  Airey 
Neave.  In  four  volumes.  The  Zoological  Society  of  London,  Eegent's  Park,  Lon- 
don. (Vol.  1,  A-C,  xiv  +  957  pp.  1939.  Vol.  2,  D-L  [ix  +]  1025  pp.  1939.  VoL  3, 
M-P  [iv+]  1065  pp.  1940.  Vol.  4,  Q-Z,  and  Supplement.  [iv+]  758  pp.  [Supple- 
ment, 713-758].  1940.) 


474  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Omer-Cooper,  Joyce. 

1931.  Eeport  on  the  Dytiscidae  (Coleoptera),  Mr.  Omer-Cooper's  investigation  of  tlie 
Abyssinian  fresh  waters  (Hugh  Scott  Expedition).  Zool.  Soc.  London,  Proc. 
(1931) :  751-801,  4  text  figs.,  pis.  1-9, 1  folding  table. 

Opinion  11.  The  designation  of  genotypes  by  Latreille,  1810,  Consid.  gen.  Crust.  Arach. 
Ins.  Opinions  and  Declarations  rendered  by  the  International  Commission  on 
Zoological  Nomenclature.  Edited  by  Francis  Hemming.  1(20):179~190.  (This 
is  an  annotated  reissue.  The  original  was  published  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution 
in  July,  1910.  The  present  issue  contains  "Editorial  Notes  by  Francis  Hemming, 
Secretary  to  the  International  Commission  on  Zoological  Nomenclature,"  pp.  184- 
189.  Issued  April  17,  1945.  Price  3  shillings.) 

Opinion  136.  Opinion  supplementary  to  Opinion  11  on  the  interpretation  of  Latreille's 
Considerations  generales  sur  I'ordre  naturel  des  animaux  eomposants  les  classes 
des  Crustaces,  des  Arachnides  et  des  Insectes  avec  un  tableau  methodique  de 
leurs  genres  disposes  en  families,  Paris,  1810.  Opinions  rendered  by  the  Inter- 
national Commission  on  Zoological  Nomenclature,  2:13-20.  (Issued  August  28, 
1939.  Sold  at  the  Secretariat  of  the  Comm.,  British  Museum  (Nat.  Hist.),  Crom- 
well Rd.,  London,  S.  W.  7.  Price  1  shilling.) 

D'Orchymont,  Armand. 

1919.  Contributions  a  Petude  des  sous-families  des  Sphaeridiinae  et  des  Hydrophilinae. 
(Col.  Hydrophilidse.)  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  88:105-168,  text  figs.  1-8. 

1921.  Palpicornia  de  I'Amerique  du  Sud.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  61(7): 244-255. 
1921A.  Le  Genre  Tropisternus.  I.  (Col.  Hydrophilidae.)  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  61: 

349-374. 

1922.  Le  genre  Tropisternus.  II  (Col.  Hydrophilidae.)  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  62: 
11-47,  4  text  figs. 

1929.  Contribution  a  I'etude  des  Palpicornia.  VII.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann. 
69:79-96,  4  [5]  figs,  on  an  unnumbered  plate  inserted  between  pp.  86-87. 

1933.  Contribution  h  Tetude  des  Palpicornia.  VIII.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann. 
73:271-313,  pi.  No.  5. 

1934.  Notes  sur  quelques  helophores  palearctiques  et  nearctiques.  (Col.  Palpic.)  Soc. 
Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann.  74:251-261. 

1936.  Le  genre  Tropisternus  III.  (Changement  de  nom.)  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et 
Ann.  76:311. 

1937.  Changements  de  noms  de  genres.  L'  "Opinion"  11.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et 
Ann.  77:423-432. 

*1937A.  Le  genre  Heteryon  Sharp  (Coleoptera-Palpicornia).  Mus.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique, 
Bui.  13(28) :  1-5, 1  fig. 

1938.  En  marge  de  1'  "Opinion"  11.  Des  termes  ^nbinaire,"  "uninominal"  et  ^Tjinominal." 
Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann.  78:37-47. 

193 8 A.  Contribution  k  I'etude  des  Palpicornia.  XII.  Ent.  Soc.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann. 
78:426-438. 

1939.  Les  especes  du  groupe  Chaetarthria  pallida  (LeConte)  (Coleoptera,  Palpi- 
cornia). Musee  Royal  d'Histoire  naturelle  de  Belgique,  Bui.  [=Koninklijk 
Natuurhistorisch  Museum  van  Belgie,  Mededeelingen]  15(11)  :l-7,  6  text  figs. 

1939A.  Contribution  k  I'etude  des  Palpicornia.  XIII.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann. 
79:357-378,  7  text  figs. 

1940.  Contribution  k  I'etude  des  Palpicornia.  XIV.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Bui.  et  Ann. 
80:157-197, 12  figs. 

1941.  Le  genre  Tropisternus  (Coleoptera  Hydrophilidae),  5®  partie.  Notes  nouvelles 
et  mise  au  point  de  la  monographie  de  ce  genre.  Musee  roy.  Hist,  nat,  Belgique, 
Bui.  17(41):  1-7. 

1942.  Revision  des  Laccobius  Americains  (Coleoptera  Hydrophilinae  Hydrobiini). 
Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  18  (30)  :  1-18, 10  figs. 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  475 

1942A.  Contribution  a  I'etude  de  la  tribu  Hydrobiini  Bedel,  specialement  de  sa  sous- 
tribu  Hydrobiae  (Palpicornia-Hydrophilidae).  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique, 
Mem.  Ser.  2,  Fase.  24:1-68,  4  figs.  ("Distribue  le  30  Septembre  1942.") 

1943.  Contribution  a  I'etude  du  sous-genre  Ochthebius  (s.  str.)  Kuwert,  1887.  (Coleop- 
tera  Palpieornia  Hydraenidae.)  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  19(10)  :l-24, 
6  figs. 

1943A.  Palpieornia  (Coleoptera)  V.  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  19(22)  :l-8, 

2  figs. 

1943B.  Notes   sur  la  tribu  Berosini  Bedel.    (Coleoptera  Palpieornia  Hydrophilidae.) 

Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  19(42):  1-12,  5  figs. 
1943C.  Palpieornia  (Coleoptera),  VI.  Musee  roy.  Hist.  nat.  Belgique,  Bui.  19(60)  :1-12, 

3  figs.  (Contains  a  key  to  the  sub-tribe  Helocharae.) 
Provancher,  (L'Abb^)  Leon. 

1877.  Petite  faune  entomologique  du  Canada,  precedee  d'un  traite  elementaire  d'ento- 
mologie.  Vol.  I.  Les  Coleopteres.  C.  Darveau,  Quebec,  viii  -!-  785  pp.,  4- 1  of  errata, 
51  figs.  (Pp.  1-123  deal  with  the  morphology  habits  and  classification  of  insects; 
707-756,  of  additions  and  corrections;  757-765,  a  vocabulary;  767  to  end,  an 
index.) 

Regimbart,  Maurice. 

1878.  ifitude  sur  la  classification  des  Dytiscidse.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  (5)8 : 447— 466,  pi. 
No.  10. 

1882-1883.  Essai  monographique  de  la  f  amille  des  Gyrinidae.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann. 

(6)2:379-458,  pis.  10-12,  or  Gyrinidae  pis.  1-3.  (According  to  the  signatures, 

pp.  379-400  were  printed  in  December,  1882,  the  remainder  in  February,  1883.) 
1883.     Essai  monographique  de  la  Famille  des  Gyrinidae.  2®  partie.  Soc.  Ent.  France, 

Ann.  (6)3:121-190,  pi.  6,  or  Gyrinidae  pi.  4. 
1895.     Eevision  des  Dytiscidae  et  Gyrinidae  d'Afrique,  Madagascar  et  iles  voisines,  en 

contribution  a  la  faune  entomologique  du  Congo.  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Mem.  4 : 1- 

244,  text  figs.  1-82. 
1901.     Eevision  des  grands  Hydrophiles.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  70:187-232,  pis.  7-8. 

(And  "Supplem.ent,"  op.  cit.,  pp.  665-666.) 
EiCHMOND,  E.  Avery. 

1920.     Studies  on  the  biology  of  the  aquatic  Hydrophilidae.  American  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 

Bui.  42:1-94,  pis.  1-16. 
Egberts,  Chris  H. 

1895.     The  species  of  Dineutes  of  America  north  of  Mexico.  American  Ent.  Soc,  Trans. 

22:279-288,  pis.  5-6. 
1913.     Critical  notes  on  Haliplidae.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  21 : 91-123. 
Sat,  Thomas. 

1823.     Descriptions  of  insects  of  the  families  of  Carabici  and  Hydrocanthari  of  Latreille, 

inhabiting  North  America.  American  Philos.  Soc  Trans.  (N.S.),  2:1-109. 
1831.     Descriptions  of  new  species  of  North  American  insects,  found  in  Louisiana  by 

Joseph  Barabino,  Indiana:  Printed  at  the  School  Press,  New-Harmony.  March, 

1831.  (For  data  on  this  pubHcation  see  Scudder  1899,  Psyche  8(273)  :306-308. 

1834.  Descriptions  of  new  North  American  insects  and  observations  on  some  already 
described.  American  Philos.  Soc,  Trans.  4:409-470.  (But  see  the  footnote  on  p. 
251  of  the  LeConte  edition  of  Say's  works;  this  suggests  that  there  may  have  been 
an  earlier  date  of  publication.) 

1835.  Descriptions  of  new  North  American  coleopterous  insects,  and  observations  on 
some  already  described.  Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.  1(2)  :  151-203.  (Posthumous 
paper.) 

Schaetfer,  Charles. 

1908.  On  North  American  and  some  Cuban  Copelatus.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Jour.  16: 
16-18. 


476  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Peoc.  4th  See. 

SCHELLENBERG,  J.  E.,  and  J.  DE  ClAIRVILLE. 

1806.  Entomologie  helvetique,  ou  catalogue  des  insectes  de  la  Suisse,  ranges  d'apr&s 
une  nouvelle  methode,  avec  descriptions  et  figures.  Zurich.  (Andrewes,  1939:180, 
has  the  following  note  on  this  work:  "This  (Trechus)  and  other  genera,  com- 
monly attributed  to  Clairville,  were  in  fact  described  by  Schellenberg :  Clairville 
only  translated  the  German  work  into  French  (See  Hagen,  1862,  Bil)l.  Ent.:  131; 
Sherborn,  1902,  Ind.  Anim.  (1)  :xlvii).")  Vol.  1,  pp.  149  [+4],  pis.  i~xvi.  1798. 
Vol.  2,  pp.  xliv  +  247  [+5  + folding  chart],  pis.  i-xxxii.  1806. 
Sherborn,  Charles  Davies,  and  T.  S.  Palmer, 

1899.     Dates  of  Charles  D'Orbigny's  'Dictionnaire  Universel  d'Histoire  Naturelle,'  1839- 
1849.  Ann.  Mag.  Nat  Hist.  (7)  3:350-352. 
ScHWARZ,  Eugene  Amandus. 

1878.     Descriptions  of  new  species.  In:  Schwarz  and  LeConte,  the  Coleoptera  of  Florida. 
American  Philos.  Soc,  Proc.  17:353-472,  4  unnumbered  text  figs.  (By  Schwarz, 
pp.  353-372;  434-469.  By  LeConte,  pp.  373-434;  470-472.) 
Schwarz,  E.  A.,  and  Herbert  S.  Barber. 

1918.     Two  new  hydrophilid  beetles.  Ent.  Soc.  Washington,  Proc.  (1916),  19:129-134, 
text  figs.  1-2.  (Published  September  23,  1918.) 
Scudder,  Samuel  Hubbard. 
1869.     (Editor  of)  Entomological  correspondence  of  Thaddeus  William  Harris,  M.D. 
Occasional  Papers  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  No.  1.  xlvii  +  375,  46  text  figs,  (wood 
cuts),  4  pis.  (1  &  2  colored),  portrait  frontispiece.  (Pp.  xi-xxxvii  are  by  Thomas 
Wentworth  Higginson,  "Memoir  of  Thaddeus  William  Harris.") 
Severin,  Guillaume  a. 

1892.    Les  collections  d'articules  du  Musee  Eoyal  d'Histoire  Naturelle  de  Belgique.  Soc. 
Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  36:469-478. 
Sharp,  David. 

1882.  On  aquatic  carnivorous  Coleoptera  or  Dytiscidae.  Eoyal  Dublin  Soc,  Sci.  Trans. 
(2)2:179-1003,  pis.  7-18. 

1882A.  Tribe  Adephaga  (continued).  Families  Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae,  Gryinidae,  Hydro- 
philidae.  In:  Frederick  Ducane  Godman  and  Osbert  Salvin,  Biologia  Centrali- 
Americana ;  or,  contributions  to  the  knowledge  of  the  fauna  and  flora  of  Mexico 
and  Central  America.  E.  H.  Porter,  London.  Insecta,  Coleoptera,  1(2)  :  1-116,  pis. 
1-3,  4  partim. 

1883.  Eevision  of  the  species  included  in  the  genus  Tropisternus.  (Fam.  Hydrophilidae.) 
Ent.  Soc.  London,  Trans.  1883  (2)  : 91-117. 

1887.     Supplement.  (To  Haliplidae,  etc.)  In:  Biol.  Centrali- Americana,  Insecta,  Coleopt. 
1(2):  749-772. 
Sherman,  John  D.,  Jr, 

1920.     (The  water  beetles,  in:  Leng's  Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  America,  north  of 
Mexico,  q.v.) 
Smith,  Hobart  M. 

1941.     An  analysis  of  the  biotic  provinces  of  Mexico,  as  indicated  by  the  distribution  of 
lizards  of  the  genus  Sceloporus.  Escuela  Nacional  de  Ciencias  Biologicas,  Anales 
(1940),  2(1):95-110,  1  map.   (Pp.  95-102  in  English,  the  rest  a  translation 
thereof.) 
SoLiER,  Antoine  Joseph  Jean. 

1834.     Observations  sur  la  tribu  des  Hydrophiliens,  et  principalement  sur  le  genre  Hydro- 
philus  de  Fabricius.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ann.  3 : 299-318. 
Stephens,  James  Francis. 

1828-1829.  Illustrations  of  British  entomology;  or,  a  synopsis  of  indigenous  insects; 
containing  their  generic  and  specific  distinctions ;  with  an  account  of  their  meta- 
morphoses, times  of  appearance,  localities,  food,  and  economy,  as  far  as  practi- 


Vol.  XXIV]  LEECH:  WATER  BEETLES  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  477 

cable.  Baldwin  and  Craddock,  London.  Mandibulata  2:1-200,  pis.  10-15  incl. 
(According  to  the  signature  at  the  bottom  of  certain  pages,  pp.  1-112,  pis.  10-14, 
appeared  between  July  1  and  October  1,  1828;  the  remainder  between  January  1 
and  June  15, 1829.) 
*1833.     Nomencl.  British  Insects,  ed.  2. 
Strand,  Embrik. 

1935.     Eevision  von   Gattungsnamen  palaearktischer   Coleoptera.   Folia   Zoologica  et 
Hydrobiologica  7(2)  : 282-299. 
Thomson,  Carl  Gustaf. 

1859.     Skandinaviens  Coleoptera,  synoptiskt  bearbetade.  Vol.  I  [6  +]  290  pp.  Lund. 
1867.     Skandinaviens  Coleoptera.  Vol.  9;  407  pp. 
Todd,  Aelie  C. 

1942.    A  new  parasitic  nematode  from  a  water  scavenger  beetle.  American  Microscopical 
Soc,  Trans.  61(3)  :286-289.  (P.  287  consists  of  4  figs.) 
Valentine,  Joseph  Manson. 

1934.     Technique  in  the  preparation  of  Coleoptera.  Elisha  Mitchell  Sci.  Soc,  Jour. 

50(1  &  2)  :255-262,  pi.  No.  17. 
1942.     On  the  preparation  and  preservation  of  insects,  with  particular  reference  to 
Coleoptera.  Smithsonian  Miseell.  Coll.  103(6)  :1-16,  5  text  figs.  (Publication  No. 
3696.) 
Van  den  Branden,  Constant. 

1885.  Catalogue  des  coleopteres  eamassiers  aquatiques  (HaliplidsB,  Amphizoi'dse,  Pelo- 
biidse  et  Dytiscidae).  Soc.  Ent.  Belgique,  Ann.  29(1)  : 5-118.  (This  and  the  other 
papers  in  Vol.  29,  part  1,  were  printed  and  intended  for  Vol.  28,  but  because  of  the 
Society's  reduced  finances,  were  held  over  for  Vol.  29.  This  accounts  for  the 
printer's  signature  of  Vol.  xxviii  on  Van  Den  Brandon's  paper). 
Van  Dyke,  Edwin  Cooper. 

1919.     The  distribution  of  insects  in  western  North  America.  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  Ann. 

12(1):  1-12;  1  map. 
1929.     The  influence  which  geographical  distribution  has  had  in  the  production  of  the 
insect  fauna  of  North  America.  4th  Internat.  Congress  Ent.  2:555-566. 
Walker,  Francis. 

1866.     Appendix.  In:  John  K.  Lord's  The  Naturalist  in  Vancouver  Island  and  British 
Columbia.  Kichard  Bentley,  London,  Vol.  2,  375  pp.,  illustrated.  (Walker's  Ap- 
pendix =  pp.  289-375.) 
Wallis,  J.  B. 

1933.     Eevision  of  the  North  American  species  (North  of  Mexico),  of  the  genus  Hali- 

plus,  Latreille.  Royal  Canadian  Inst.,  Trans.  19(1)  :l-76,  38  text  figs. 
1933A.  Some  new  Dytiscidae  (Coleoptera).  Canadian  Ent.  65(12)  :268-278. 
1939.     Hydatieus  modestus  Sharp  versus  Hydaticus  stagnalis  Fab.  in  North  America 
(Coleoptera,  Dytiscidae).  Canadian  Ent.  71(6)  :  126-127. 
Westwood,  John  Obadiah. 

1838.     Synopsis  of  the  genera  of  British  insects.  (The  Coleoptera  are  included  in  Sheets 
B  to  D,  pp.  1-48).  In  his  An  introduction  to  the  modern  classification  of  insects, 
founded  on  the  natural  habits  and  corresponding  organization  of  the  different 
families.  Longman,  Orme,  Brown,  Green,  and  Longmans,  London.  2  vols. 
Wickham,  Henry  Frederick. 

1893.     Studies  on  the  male  tarsus  in  some  adephagous  Coleoptera.  Iowa  State  Univ.,  Lab. 

Nat.  Hist.,  Bui.  2:322-329,  pis.  5-8. 
1895.     The  Coleoptera  of  Canada.  X.  The  Dytiscidae    (Dytiscini  and  Cybistrini)   of 

Ontario  and  Quebec.  Canadian  Ent.  27(6) :  149-153,  figs.  11-12. 
1897.     The  Coleoptera  of  the  Lower  Rio  Grande  Valley.  Iowa  State  Univ.,  Lab.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Bui.  4(2):  96-115. 


478  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

1898.     Eecollections  of  old  collecting  grounds.  III.  The  Lower  Rio  Grande  Valley  (con- 
tinued). Ent.  News  9(2)  :  39-41. 
Wilson,  Chaeles  Branch. 

1923.  Life  history  of  the  scavenger  water  beetle,  Hydrous  (Hydrophilus)  triangularis, 
and  its  economic  relation  to  fish  breeding.  Bureau  of  Fisheries,  Bui.  39:9-38,  22 
text  figs.  (Government  Printing  Office  (Washington,  D.C.)  Document  No.  942. 
Figs.  14-15  really  constitute  a  plate,  though  not  so  designated.) 

1923A.  Water  beetles  in  relation  to  pondfish  culture,  with  life  histories  of  those  found  in 
fishponds  at  Fairport,  Iowa.  Bureau  of  Fisheries,  Bui.  39:231-345,  148  figs. 
(Document  No.  953.  Many  of  the  figs,  are  grouped  on  true  plates,  though  not  so 
designated.  This  is  a  very  fine  article.) 
Winters,  Fred  E.  (=  F.  E.  Wintersteiner)  . 

1926.  Notes  on  the  Hydrobiini  (Coleoptera-Hydrophilidae)  of  Boreal  America.  Pan- 
Pacific  Ent.  3(2)  :49-58.  (Published  December  8, 1926.) 

1927.  Key  to  the  subtribe  Helocharae  Orchym.  (Coleoptera-Hydrophilidae)  of  Boreal 
America.  Pan-Pacific  Ent.  4(1)  :  19-29.  (Published  September  16,  1927.) 

WoLLASTON,  Thomas  Vernon. 

1854.     Insecta  Maderensia ;  being  an  account  of  the  insects  of  the  islands  of  the  Maderian 
group.  John  Van  Voorst.  London.  634  pp.,  13  col.  pis. 
Zimmermann,  Alois. 

1919.  Die  Schwimmkafer  des  Deutschen  Entomologischen  Museums  in  Berlin-Dahlem. 
Archiv  fiir  Naturgeschichte  (1917),  83(A.12)  : 68-249,  21  text  figs.,  2  pis. 

1920.  Dytiscidae,  Haliplidae,  Hygrobiidae,  Amphizoidae.  In:  W.  Junk  and  W.  Schenk- 
ling,  Coleopterorum  Catalogus,  Pars.  71.  326  pp. 

1921.  Beitrage  zur  Kenntnis  der  siidamerikanischen  Schwimmkaferfauna  nebst  41 
Neubeschreibungen.  Archiv  fiir  Naturgeschichte,  87(3) :  181-206. 

1924.  Die  Halipliden  der  Welt.  Bestimmungstabellan  der  Haliplidae  mit  gleichzritig 
beigefiigten  Detailbeschreibungen  der  einzelnen  Arten.  Entomologische  Blatter 
20(1):1-16;  (2):65-80;  (3):129-144;  (4):193-213. 

1928.  Neuer  Beitrag  zur  Kenntnis  der  Schwimmkafer.  Wien.  Entomologische  Zeitung 
44(3  &  4):  165-187. 

1930.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  I.  Noterinae,  Laccophilinae,  Hydro- 
porinae.  Koleopterologische  Rundschau  16(1  &  2)  : 35-118. 

1931.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  II.  Hydroporinae.  Koleopterologische 
Rundschau  17(3  &  4) :  97-159. 

1932.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  III.  Hydroporinae  (con'd).  Kole- 
opterologische Rundschau  18(1  &  2)  : 69-111. 

1933.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  IV.  Hydroporinae  (cont'd).  Kole- 
opterologische Rundschau  19(5) :  153-193. 

1934.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  V.  Colymbetinae  (Copelatini,  Aga- 
bini:  Gattung  Gaurodytes  Thoms.)  ;  Koleopterologische  Rundschau  20:138-214. 
(Upon  Zimmermann's  death,  the  work  was  completed  by  L.  Gschwendtner.  Some 
or  all  of  the  parts  have  been  issued  as  reprints,  with  changes  in  pagination.) 

Zimmermann,  A.,  and  L.  Gschwendtner. 

1935.  Monographie  der  palaarktischen  Dytisciden.  VI.  Colymbetinae.  (Agabini:  Co- 
lymbetini:  Gattung  Ilybius  Er.)  Koleopterologische  Rundschau  21:61-92. 


PLATES 


PLATE  20 

Fig.    1.  LaccopMlus  terminalis  Sharp.  To  show  certain  struc- 
tural characters  used  in  the  identification  keys. 

Fig.    2.  Peltodytes  callosus  (LeConte).  Same. 

Figs.  1  and  2  are  drawn  to  the  same  scale:  17  times 
natural  size.  Spines  and  setae  have  been  omitted. 

Fig.    S.  Thermonectus  nigrofasciatus  (Aube). 

Fig.    4.  Tropisternus  lateralis  Urribalis  (LeConte) 

Fig.    5.  Dineutus  suilineatus  (Chevrolat). 

Fig.    6.  CyMster  explanatus  LeConte. 

Figs.  3  to  6,  drawn  by  George  R.  Hopping,  are  3  times 
natural  size,  and  all  to  the  same  scale. 


[480] 


PROC.    CALIF.    ACAD.    SCI.    4TH    SERIES.    VOL.    XXIV.    NO.    11 


PROSTERNAL_ 
PROCESS 


EPIPLEURON 


ANTECOXAL 
SCLERITE_ 


PROSTERNUM 
_i      PROCESS 

MESOSTERNAL 
---.EPIMERON 

EPISTERNUM  OF 
---.METATHORAX 

-METASTERNAL    WING 
.MESOCOXA 

METACOXAL    FILE 
METACOXAL    LINE 

1ST     VISIBLE 
ABDOMINAL    oTERNITE 

.METACOXAL    PROCESS 


METATIBIA 


LOBED    METATARSAL 
__SEGMENTS 


2,    PELTODYTES 
CALLOSUS 


3.  THERMONECTUS 
NIGROFASCIATUS- 


I.    LACCOPHILUS 

TERMINALIS 


TROPISTERNUS 

LATERALIS 

LIMBALIS 


5.     DINEUTUS       SUBLINEATUS 


6.    CYBISTER       EXPLANATUS 


[481] 


PLATE  21 

Fig.    7.  Dcsmopachria  dispcrsa  (Crotch). 

Fig,    8.  Cryptoplcurinn  imprrs.nnn  Sharp. 

Fig.    9.  Hydrochus  variolatus  LeConte. 

Fig.  10.  Ephnetopus  thermarum  SchAvarz  &  Barber. 

Fig.  11.  Pelt odytes  simplex  (LeConte). 

Fig.  12.  Bidessus  young i  new  species. 

Fig.  13.  Berosus  dolerosus  new  species. 

Fig.  14.  Ochiliehius  inierrupius  LeConte. 

Figs.  7  to  14,  drawn  by  George  E.  Hopping,  are  20 
times  natural  size,  and  all  draAvn  to  the  same  scale. 


[482  ] 


PROC.    CALIF.    ACAD.    SCI.    4TH    SERIES.    VOL.    XXIV.    NO.    11 


[LEECH]  PLATE  2  1 


12.      BIDESSUS 
YOUNGI 


BEROSUS 
DOLEROSUS 


14.  OCHTHEBIUS 
INTERRUPTUS 


[483] 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

FOURTH   SERIES 

Vol.  XXIV,  No.  12,  pp.  485-519  January  26,  1950 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TOWARD  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  THE 
INSECT  FAUNA  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA 

No.  12 
COLEOPTERA:  CLERIDAE 

BY 

WILLIAM  F.  BARK 

University  of  Idaho 

INTRODUCTION 

THE  PRESENT  PAPER  is  primarily  based  on  material  collected  during  recent 
expeditions  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  In  1938,  A.  E.  Michel- 
bacher  and  E.  S.  Ross  made  a  round  trip  through  the  peninsula,  and  in  1941, 
Ross  and  G.  E.  Bohart  made  a  similar  trip  and  in  addition  explored  one  of 
the  mountain  ranges  of  the  Cape  Region.  A  few  specimens  from  the  1921 
expedition  which  have  not  as  yet  been  recorded  are  also  being  considered  in 
this  paper.  Material  from  the  W.  M.  Mann  expeditions  of  1923  and  Beyer's 
collections  made  during  1901  have  also  been  incorporated.  Specimens  have 
thus  been  utilized  from  all  sources  available  to  the  writer  in  order  to  provide 
as  complete  a  list  as  possible. 

Forty-one  species  (six  of  which  are  described  as  new)  and  two  subspecies 
are  treated  in  the  present  paper.  Ten  previously  known  species  and  subspecies 
are  recorded  from  Lower  California  for  the  first  time.  Over  one-third  of  the 
species  and  subspecies  treated  are  thus  new  additions  to  the  Cleridae  of  this 
region.  This  fact  certainly  indicates  that  very  little  is  known  of  this  family 
in  this  interesting  peninsula  and  that  future  collections  should  yield  addi- 
tional new  material  which  may  help  to  throw  new  light  on  the  origin  and 
distribution  of  the  Lower  California  Cleridae. 

[485] 


486  CALIFOENIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

DISTRIBUTION 

Nearly  one-half  of  the  species  known  to  occur  in  Lower  California  are  endemic 
to  the  peninsula,  several  of  these  being  restricted  to  the  subtropical  Cape 
Region.  As  pointed  out  by  Linsley  (1942)  this  apparently  high  endemism 
may  be  considerably  reduced  as  soon  as  the  fauna  of  the  western  coast  of  the 
Mexican  mainland  is  made  known.  Thus  it  is  apparent  that,  from  the  few 
species  at  hand,  very  little  can  be  said  concerning  the  origin  and  distribution 
of  the  Lower  California  clerid  fauna. 

The  great  majority  of  the  Cleridae  from  the  peninsula  appear  to  be  related 
to  or  to  form  a  part  of  the  true  Sonoran  fauna.  Many  species  commonly  found 
in  the  southwestern  United  States  are  present  for  a  considerable  distance 
down  this  peninsula,  several  of  these  even  ranging  into  the  Cape  Region; 
such  species  would  include:  Monophylla  calif ornica  (Fall),  Cymatodera 
puncticollis  Bland,  Lecontella  gnara  Wolcott,  Enoclerus  quadrisignatus 
(Say),  and  Phyllohaenus  crihripennis  (Fall).  Another  group  of  species  con- 
sists of  those  which  are  of  Sonoran  origin  in  Lower  California  itself  and  have 
dispersed  into  the  southwestern  United  States  from  the  peninsula.  These 
include :  Cymatodera  delicatula  Fall,  C.  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  and  C.  santa- 
rosae  Schaeffer.  The  third  group  of  clerids  is  composed  of  those  which  are 
endemic  to  this  peninsula  and  yet  are  clearly  related  to  the  Sonoran  stock  of 
the  southwest.  Cymatodera  picipennis  Barr  is  one  such  species. 

No  clerid  elements  of  the  Vancouveran  fauna  have  as  yet  been  taken  in 
Lower  California.  The  mountains  near  the  California  border,  upon  thorough 
exploration,  should  yield  several  examples  of  Vancouveran  Cleridae.  The 
Californian  fauna  is  poorly  represented  in  the  collections  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. When  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula  is  more  intensively  studied, 
additional  elements  of  this  fauna  will  undoubtedly  be  found.  Perhaps  the 
best  example  of  a  Californian  species  is  Loedelia  maculicollis  (LeConte), 
which  ranges  nearly  to  the  southernmost  limits  of  this  fauna. 

The  most  complex  and  interesting  of  the  Lower  Californian  faunas  is  that 
of  the  Cape  Region  and  the  humid  river  valleys  and  oases  of  the  southern 
half  of  the  peninsula.  This  can  be  classified  as  subtropical.  Although  attempt- 
ing to  draw  conclusions  from  the  few  species  of  clerids  found  in  this  region 
is  difficult,  several  generalizations  may  be  made.  The  Cape  Region  is  sup- 
posedly older  than  any  of  the  other  regions  of  the  peninsula ;  this  is  clearlj^ 
evident  when  it  is  seen  that  several  of  its  endemic  species  are  most  closely 
related  to  species  widely  separated  geographically  from  the  Cape  Region : 
Cymatodera  cephalica  Schaeffer  is  allied  to  C.  ovipennis  LeConte  of  Cali- 
fornia ;  Aulicus  humeralis  Linsley  is  related  to  A.  thoracicus  Schenkling  of 
the  Mexican  mainland;  and  Trichodes  peninsularis  Horn  is  closely  related 
to  T.  horni  Wolcott  and  Chapin  of  Arizona.  The  members  of  the  subfamily 
Enopliinae  occurring  in  Lower  California  are  restricted  to  the  Cape  Region 
and  nearly  all  of  them  are  either  species  that  occur  in  Texas  and  the  south- 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  487 

eastern  United  States  or  are  most  closely  related  to  species  occurring  in  these 
same  regions.  Only  one  example  of  the  Cape  Region  Cleridae  can  be  classed 
as  truly  neotropical;  this  is  Callotillus  elegans  elegans  (Erichson).  Another 
interesting  group  of  species  is  made  up  of  those  which  appear  to  have  had 
their  origin  in  the  Cape  Region  and  have  spread  northward  into  the  more 
arid  areas  of  the  peninsula  or  the  United  States.  These  include  Cymatodera 
xanti  Horn,  C.  fascifera  LeConte,  Aulicus  fissipes  Schaeffer,  and  Phyllo- 
'baenus  omoger  (Horn). 

METHODS 

The  procedure  followed  in  this  paper  has  been  the  systematic  listing  of  all 
the  species  of  Cleridae  known  to  occur  in  Lower  California  and  the  adjacent 
islands,  with  bibliography,  distribution,  and  keys  to  the  subfamilies,  genera, 
and  species.  For  convenience,  a  key  to  all  of  the  known  subfamilies  of  Cleridae 
has  been  included.  The  source  of  each  previous  record  has  been  indicated  by 
identical  numbers  appended  to  the  localities,  etc.,  and  the  corresponding 
bibliographical  citations. 

In  acknowledging  collectors  in  the  body  of  the  text,  Michelbacher  and 
Ross  will  be  found  cited  as  (M&R)  and  Ross  and  Bohart  as  (R&B). 

The  holotypes  and  allotypes  of  new  species  have  been  deposited  in  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences.  Paratypes  will  be  found  in  the  collections 
of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  and  of  the  writer. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The  writer  is  especially  indebted  to  Dr.  E.  G.  Linsley,  under  whom  this  study 
was  made  at  the  University  of  California,  for  his  valuable  assistance  and 
suggestions. 

To  Dr.  E.  S.  Ross,  Dr.  A.  E.  Michelbacher,  and  Dr.  G.  E.  Bohart,  the  writer 
is  indebted  for  the  privilege  of  studying  material  collected  by  them.  To  Dr. 
E.  A.  Chapin  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  thanks  are  sincerely 
given  for  the  opportunity  of  studying  material  from  the  Mann  expeditions 
and  also  material  from  the  Schaeffer  collection. 

Dr.  E.  C.  Van  Dyke,  Mr.  A.  B.  Wolcott,  and  Mr.  Henry  S.  Dybas  have 
been  very  helpful  in  offering  notes  and  comments  and  this  is  gratefully 
acknowledged. 

TAXONOMY 

KEY  TO  THE  SUBFAMILIES  OF  THE  FAMILY  CLEEIDAE 

1.  Fourth  segment  of  tarsus  approximately  equal  in  size  to  third  segment .2 

— Fourth  segment  of  tarsus  small,  usually  indistinct,  embedded  between  the  lobes  of  the 

third  segment   5 

2.  Anterior  coxal  cavities  always  open  internally,  usually  opened  externally 3 

— Anterior  coxal  cavities  completely  closed  externally  and  internally;  first  tarsal  segment 

distinctly  visible  from  above Tillinae 


488  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [PROC.  4th  Ser. 

3.  Anterior  tarsi  of  usual  form ;  eyes  usually  distinctly  emarginate ;  thoracic  puncture  cir- 

cular    4 

— Anterior  tarsi  broadly  dilated,  tarsal  segments  short  and  compact;  eyes  nearly  entire; 
thoracic  punctures  elongate-oval,  not  circular Thaneroclerinae 

4.  Eyes  deeply  emarginate ;  first  tarsal  segment  small,  covered  by  the  second  segment 

Clerinae 
— Eyes  entire  or  virtually  so ;  first  tarsal  segment  variable Phyllobaeninae 

5.  Anterior  tibiae  not  spinulose,  sometimes  finely  serrate;  thorax  without  sensory  setae; 

eyes  emarginate  in  front 6 

— Anterior  tibiae  spinulose ;  thorax  with  a  pair  of  discal  and  a  pair  of  lateral  sensory  setae ; 
eyes  emarginate  internally Epiphloeinae 

6.  Antennae  serrate  or  with  the  terminal  three  segments  long,  forming  a  lax  club,  which  is 

longer  than  the  preceding  segments  together Enopliinae 

— Antennae  with  terminal  three  segments  short  and  compact  or  forming  a  more  or  less  lax 
club  which  may  be  as  long  as  the  preceding  segments  together Korynetinae 

Subfamily  TILLINAE 
Key  TO'  Genera  of  Tillinae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Antennae  with  less  than  eleven  segments 2 

— Antennae  with  eleven  segments 3 

2.  Antennae  of  male  with  eight  segments,  that  of  female  with  nine  segments.  .  .Monophylla 
— Antennae  of  male  and  female  consisting  of  ten  segments Callotillus 

3.  Front  of  head  without  horns ;  elytra  with  striated  punctures 4 

— Front  of  head  with  prominent  pair  of  horns  arising  from  in  front  of  eyes;  elytra  without 

striated  punctures Bostrichoclerus 

4.  Eleventh  antennal  segment  elongate,  cylindral-acuminate,  at  least  longer  than  the  two 

preceding  segments Lecontella 

— Eleventh  antennal  segment  oval  and  pointed,  shorter  than  the  two  preceding  segments 

Cymatodera 
Genus  Monophylla 

(1)  Monophylla  calif ornica  (Fall) 

Elasmocerus  calif ornicus  Fall,  1901,  Occ.  Pap.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:251^;  Snow,  1906,  Trans. 

Kansas  Acad.  Sci.,  20:168-. 
Maerotelus  calif  ornicus,  Beyer,  1904,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  12:30^;  Schenkling,  1907, 

Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  6:301^ 
Monophylla  calif  ornica,  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :M1^;  Schaeffer, 

1911,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  19:122;  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab. 

Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :  51«;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:270"; 

1927,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1(1)  :9«. 
Monophylla  substriata  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :340«;  Schaeffer, 

1911,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  19:123;  Wolcott,  1927,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1(1)  :10. 

This  is  the  only  member  of  this  genus  known  to  occur  in  Lower  California, 
eight  specimens  have  been  seen  from  this  region  by  the  writer.  M.  calif  ornica 
is  quite  variable  in  coloration  throughout  its  wide  range  and  the  Lower 
California  specimens  examined  also  show  such  variation.  One  specimen  has 
black  elytra  with  a  whitish  median  fascia  which  does  not  reach  the  suture. 
In  another  specimen  the  basal  half  of  the  elytra  is  rufotestaceous,  with  a 
slightly  paler,  faintly  indicated  median  fascia ;  the  apical  half  of  the  elytra 
is  brown  with  the  subapical  spots  barely  perceptible. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BAEB:  CLERIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  489 


."1 


Type  locality :  "Middle  and  Southern  California' 

Recorded  distribution :  western  United  States :  Oregon^ '^  Utah^",  Cali- 
fornia''''',  Arizona''"''' ;  Lower  California' ''^ :  Santa  Rosa' ';  Mexico*';  Costa 
Rica*''. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seven  miles  south  of  El  Marmol,  June  18, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R). 

In  addition  to  the  two  specimens  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross,  sev- 
eral examples  collected  by  Beyer  at  Santa  Rosa  (Univ.  California  and  U.  S. 
National  Mus.  Colls.)  have  been  seen. 

Genus  Callotillus 

Key  to  Subspecies  of  Callotillus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Pronotum  black,  coarsely  punctured ;  basal  half  of  elytra,  except  for  subbasal  ivory  spots, 
black    elegans  elegans 

— Pronotum  rufous,  finely  punctured ;  basal  half  of  elytra,  except  for  subbasal  ivory  spots, 
rufous   elegans  vaf er 

(2)  Callotillus  elegans  elegans  (Erichson),  new  status 

Tillus  elegans  Erichson,  1847,  Archiv.  Naturgesch.,  13  :85^;  Schenkling,  1903,  Deutsche  Ent. 

Zeitschr.,  1&2:12;   1907,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  6:302-;  Wickham  and  Wolcott, 

1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :52^. 
Callotillus  elegans,  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:270^;  1927,  Coleopt.  Contr., 

1(1)  :3^;  Corporaal,  1942,  Beitraege  Fauna  Perus,  2(13)  ;  135^ 
Tillus  occidentalis  Gorham,  1882,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  3(2):129^;    Horn,  1885, 

Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  12:15P;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:330»;  Schenkling, 

1903,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1&2:12;  Beyer,  1904,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc, 

12:30^«. 

This  widespread  species  appears  to  be  restricted  to  the  tropical  and  sub- 
tropical regions  of  North  and  Central  America  and  the  northern  part  of 
South  America.  The  specimens  examined  from  Lower  California  were  taken 
in  the  humid  river  valleys  and  oases  of  the  central  part  of  the  peninsula  or  in 
the  subtropical  Cape  Region.  Contrary  to  previous  opinion,  the  coloration 
and  punctuation  of  this  species  appear  to  be  rather  variable,  the  black  basal 
half  of  the  elytra  of  some  individuals  may  possess,  in  addition  to  the  basal 
ivory  spots,  a  rufous  area,  extending  from  the  basal  spot  to  the  median  fascia. 
This  area  does  not  attain  the  lateral  margin  or  the  suture.  In  one  specimen 
the  basal  half  of  the  elytra  is  entirely  black,  the  basal  spots  having  been  elimi- 
nated. The  thoracic  punctuation  is  very  coarse  and  dense  in  most  specimens; 
however,  in  a  few  examples  it  becomes  rather  sparse  and  moderate  in  coarse- 
ness. 

Type  locality :  "Eastern  Peru"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Arizona^'^'^,  Texas^''^"; 
Lower  Calif ornia"^'' :  Santa  Rosa*'^'';  Mexico^'^'"'' ;  Central  America^:  Guate- 
mala''""",  Nicaragua""""'";  South  America":  Peru^'"'^^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25, 


490  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

1938,  (M&R)  ;  Comondu,  July  22, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  Loreto,  May  19, 1921,  (Van 
Duzee)  ;  San  Pedro,  October  7,  1941,  (R&B). 

Eight  specimens  from  Santa  Rosa  (Calif.  Acad.  Sci.  and  U.  S.  National 
Mus.  Colls.)  collected  by  Beyer  and  one  specimen,  labeled  "L.  Cal."  (Univ. 
California  Coll.)  have  also  been  seen. 

(3)  Oallotillus  elegans  vafer  Wolcott,  new  status 

Callotillus  vafer  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:270^;  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology, 

32(2)  :67-. 
Tillus  elegans,  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :52^ 

Callotillus  e.  vafer  is  separated  from  the  nominate  subspecies  by  having 
the  pronotum  and  basal  half  of  the  elytra  rufous  instead  of  black  and  the 
punctuation  of  the  pronotum  sparse  and  fine  instead  of  dense  and  coarse. 
Intergradations  of  these  characters  have  been  seen  in  specimens  from  Lower 
California  and  southern  California.  The  pronotal  punctuation  of  some  speci- 
mens of  vafer  is  rather  dense  and  rather  coarse,  tending  towards  some  indi- 
viduals of  elegans  which  have  nearly  similar  punctuation.  Also,  the  disk  of 
the  pronotum  may  be  black  in  some  examples  of  vafer,  thus  indicating  an- 
other trend  towards  elegans.  As  noted  previously,  elegans  may  bear  rufous 
areas  on  the  basal  half  of  the  elytra. 

The  subspecies  vafer  is  apparently  restricted  to  the  arid  desert  regions  of 
Lower  California  and  the  southwestern  United  States,  whereas  the  subspecies 
elegans  is  recorded  from  the  more  tropical  and  subtropical  regions  of  North 
and  Central  America  and  the  northern  part  of  South  America. 

Thus,  the  two  appear  to  be  rather  distinct  geographical  replacements  of 
one  another.  For  this  reason,  coupled  with  the  apparent  intergradation  of  the 
critical  characters,  the  writer  is  of  the  opinion  that  these  previously  regarded 
species  are  subspecies  and  is  treating  them  as  such. 

Type  locality:  Fort  Yuma  (California),  opposite  Yuma,  Arizona'. 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  California',  Arizona', 
New  Mexico^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21,  1938, 
(M&R) ,  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21,  1938,  (M&R) . 

Genus  Cymatodera 
Key  to  Species  of  Cymatodera  of  Lower  California 

1.  Antenna!  segments  two  to  ten  equal  or  nearly  equal  in  length  (second  segment  may  be 

slightly  shorter  than  third) 2 

— Antennal  segments  two  to  ten,  distinctly  not  all  of  equal  length 11 

2.  Hind  wings  reduced  or  wanting ;  base  of  elytra  scarcely  wider  than  base  of  pronotum ; 
^  humeri  indistinct 3 

— Hind  wings  normal  (reduced  in  intermedia)  ;  base  of  elytra  distinctly  wider  than  base  of 
pronotum ;  humeri  distinct 4 


Vol.  XXIV]  BAB:R  :  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  491 

3.  Pronotum  castaneous  with  metallic  tinge;  elytra  light  brown  at  base,  gradually  becoming 

testaceous  at  apex,  interrupted  by  paler  median  fascia » .  .  .  .  purpuricoUis 

— Pronotum  dark  broAvn,  without  metallic  tinge ;  elytra  uniformly  brown  except  for  paler 
median  fascia cephalica 

4.  Medium  size,  never  more  than  13  mm.  in  length;  elytral  striae  not  paired 5 

— Large  size,  never  less  than  16  mm.  in  length;  elytral  striae  arranged  in  pairs 

califomica 

5.  Pronotum  finely  punctured  or  transversely  wrinkled ;  metasternum  not  coarsely  punc- 

tured   , 6 

— Pronotum  and  metasternum  deeply  and  coarsely  punctured : longula 

6.  Elytra  with  or  without  pale  median  fascia ;  last  abdominal  tergite  narrower  than  last 

sternite 7 

— Elytra  with  both  basal  and  median  fasciae;  last  abdominal  tergite  broader  than  last 
sternite f  ascif  era 

7.  Body  and  legs  with  long  erect  hairs ;  elytra  with  a  distinct  median  fascia 8 

— Body  and  legs  sparsely  pubescent,  without  long  erect  hairs;  elytra  with  or  without  an 

indistinct  median  fascia 9 

8.  Dark  testaceous ;  median  fascia  on  elytra  very  broad,  arcuate,  wddest  at  middle  of  each 

elytron    punctata 

— Dark  brown;  median  fascia  on  elytra  of  uniform  width,  angulate minacis 

9.  Elongate;  hind  wings  normal;  pronotum  with  distinct  ante-scutellar  impression 10 

— Eobust;  hind  wings  reduced  to  pads;  pronotum  without  ante-scutellar  impression 

intermedia 

10.  Piceous  or  dark  brown;  elytral  striae  distinctly  present  on  basal  two-thirds,  .santarosae 
— Brown ;  elytral  striae  present  on  basal  third oblita 

11.  Antenna!  segments  two,  three  and  four  of  equal  length,  each  shorter  than  any  of  seg- 

ments five  to  ten 12 

— Antennal  segments  two,  three  and  four  not  all  of  equal  length 13 

12.  Dark  brown;  elytral  fascia  narrow,  interrupted  before  suture puncticoUis 

— Brown  or  light  brown;  elytral  fascia  broad,  not  interrupted  at  suture delicatula 

13.  Third  antennal  segment  shorter  than  fourth  segment 14 

— Third  antennal  segment  as  long  or  slightly  longer  than  fourth  segment 17 

14.  Pronotum  finely,  sparsely  punctured 15 

— Pronotum  rugosely,  coarsely  punctured;  elytra  with  apical  third  slightly  or  distinctly 

darkened latef  ascia 

15.  Testaceous,  with  dark  elytral  markings 16 

— Uniformly  castaneous    xanti 

16.  Elytra  with  small,  elongate  subapical  dark  spots  along  suture  and  lateral  margins 

isabellae 

— Elytra  with  a  broad,  dark  median  fascia  and  a  broad,  dark  subbasal  fascia  which  are 

often  united  along  suture peninsularis 

17.  Pronotum  coarsely  punctured  or  moderately  punctured  and  rugose 18 

— Pronotum  finely,  sparsely  punctured 19 

18.  Pronotum  and  metasternum  coarsely,  densely  punctured;   elytra  with  a  pale  median 

fascia  which  may  be  faintly  indicated longula 

— Pronotum  moderately  punctured,  rugose;  metasternum  nearly  smooth;  elytra  with  both 
basal  and  median  pale  fasciae f  ascif  era 

19.  Piceous  with  slightly  paler  elytral  markings ;    outer  antennal  segments  cylindrical, 

slightly  incrassate  picipennis 

— Testaceous  with  dark  elytral  markings ;  outer  antennal  segments  normally  flattened,  dis- 
tinctly serrate peninsularis 


492  CALIFOBNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

(4)  Cymatodera  puncticoUis  Bland 

Cymatodera  puncticoUis  Bland,  1863,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1:356^;  Horn,  1876,  Trans. 
Am.  Ent.  Soc.  5:222^;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:33P;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc. 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:27r. 

This  well-known  species  is  commonly  found  throughout  the  Southwest  and 
is  frequently  attracted  to  lights  in  considerable  numbers.  It  was  apparently 
rather  uncommon  during  the  Academy  expeditions  to  Lower  California,  only 
about  thirty  specimens  having  been  collected.  Although  these  were  taken 
only  in  the  southern  half  of  the  peninsula,  it  undoubtedly  occurs  in  the 
northern  half  as  well.  The  specimens  examined  are  all  quite  constant  in 
coloration,  being  the  typically  dark  brown  and  exhibiting  but  slight  differ- 
ences in  size. 

Type  locality :  "Western  Texas"\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Southwestern  United  States :  Texas^^,  New  Mexico^, 
Arizona""'^'*,  California''';  Lower  California"'':  Cape  San  Lucasl 

New  records :  Lower  California :  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27, 
1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  20  miles 
north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  west  of  San  Miguel,  July 
20,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R);  15  miles  north  of 
El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938,  (M&R) ;  Venancio,  July  17,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles 
west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  La  Paz,  October  7,  1941,  (R&B)  ; 
Triunfo,  July  7,  1938,  (M&R) ;  five  miles  north  of  Miraflores,  July  10,  1938, 
(M&R) ;  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  10  miles  south- 
west of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  eight  miles  northeast  of 
Cape  San  Lucas,  July  10, 1938,  (M&R). 

(5)  Cymatodera  delicatula  Fall 

Cymatodera  delicatula  Fall,  1906,  Can.  Ent.,  38(4):113i;  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912, 
Bull  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :52-;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
59:272^;  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :69^ 

This  was  by  far  the  most  abundant  species  of  Cymatodera  encountered 
during  the  two  recent  Academy  expeditions,  over  one  hundred  specimens 
having  been  taken.  These  exhibit  a  considerable  size  range  (2.75  mm.  to 
4.75  mm. )  along  with  an  interesting  elytral  color  variation.  In  one  extreme, 
the  basal  and  apical  brown  areas  are  very  dark  brown,  separated  by  a  slightly 
paler,  broad  ante-median  fascia,  while  the  other  extreme  presents  a  uniformly 
pale  testaceous  elytra  with  a  narrow,  brown,  subapical  fascia  extending  from 
the  lateral  margins  very  slightly  forward  to  the  suture.  These  color  forms, 
while  very  different  in  appearance,  are  merely  extremes,  for  all  intergrada- 
tions  between  the  two  are  evident. 

In  addition  to  the  characters  given  in  the  key,  C.  delicatula  may  be  further 
separated  from  C.  puncticoUis,  its  closest  relative,  by  having  the  outer  an- 
tennal  segments  more  strongly  incrassate  apically. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  493 

Type  locality :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  California*,  Arizona^';  Lower  California:  Santa 
Rosa^ ;  Mexico  :  Durangol 

New  records:  Lower  California:  San  Quentin,  August  2,  1938,  (M&R) ; 
San  Fernando,  July  31,  1938,  (M&R) ;  El  Marmol,  September  24,  1941, 
(R&B) ;  10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north 
of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  45  mHes  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July 
27,  1938,  (M&R);  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Co- 
mondu,  July  22,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  west  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles 
southeast  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  16,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz, 
July  5,  1938  (M&R) ;  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  five 
miles  south  of  Miraflores,  July  10,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Felipe,  July,  1901, 
(Beyer).  Gulf  of  California:  Pond  Island  Bay,  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island, 
June  20,  1921,  (Van  Duzee). 

In  addition  to  the  above  localities  specimens  from  Santa  Rosa  (Beyer) 
have  been  seen. 

(6)  Cymatodera  latef ascia  Schaeffer 

Cymatodera  latefescia  Schaeffer,  1904,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  12(4):216i;  1908, 
Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soe.,  16(3)  :  129;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
59:2752. 

This  species  has  not  been  recorded  previously  from  Lower  California.  Two 
specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  below  the  southern  half 
of  the  peninsula  and  they  have  been  assigned  to  this  species  with  some  doubt, 
for  they  present  a  rather  extreme  variation  in  the  markings  of  C.  latefascia. 
However,  until  additional  material  can  be  examined,  they  are  retained  under 
this  specific  name.  In  these  specimens  the  elytra  are  uniformly  testaceous 
with  a  broad,  slightly  darker,  ante-median  fascia  which  is  not  interrupted 
at  the  suture.  The  apices  of  the  elytra  are  slightly  paler.  The  other  characters 
appear  to  be  the  same  as  in  true  latefascia. 

These  two  specimens  bear  a  slight  resemblance  to  C.  cylindricollis  Chevrolat, 
a  Mexican  mainland  species. 

Type  locality :  Camp  Grant,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution:  southwestern  United  States:  Arizona^'",  New 
Mexico\ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23, 1938, 
(M&R) ;  Comondu,  July  22,  1938,  (M&R). 

(7)  Cymatodera  xanti  Horn 

Cymatodera  xanti  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:222^;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2)4:33P;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:286;  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology, 

32(2)  :7P. 


494  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

This  distinctive  species  is  endemic  to  the  Lower  California  peninsula  and 
is  rather  widespread  there.  The  writer  knows  of  no  Cymatodera  with  which 
it  could  be  confused.  A  series  of  seventy-nine  specimens  collected  primarily 
by  the  Michelbacher  and  Ross  expedition  presents  a  range  in  size  of  from 
5.5  mm  to  11.5  mm.  Within  this  series  the  color  varies  from  a  uniformly  pale 
castaneous  to  a  uniformly  dark  castaneous ;  the  paler  condition  appears  more 
frequently  in  the  smaller  individuals. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Lower  California:  Cape  San  Lucas"'^;  Mexico". 

New  records:  Lower  California:  San  Fernando,  July  31,  1938,  (M&R) ; 
15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R) ;  10  miles  north  of 
Punta  Prieta,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Angeles  Bay,  June  25,  1921,  (Van 
Duzee) ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  26,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Coyote  Cove, 
Conception  Bay,  July  24,  1938,  (M&R);  Comondu,  July  21,  1938,  (M&R)  ; 
15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Venancio,  July  17, 1938, 
(M&R) ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Miraflores,  July  8, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9, 1938,  (M&R) . 
Gulf  of  California :  Marquer  Bay,  Carmen  Island,  May  23, 1921,  (Van  Duzee) . 

(8)  Cymatodera  peninsularis  Schaeffer 

Cymatodera  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  1904,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  12(4)  :214^;  Wolcott, 
1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :3462j  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:286. 

This  distinctively  marked  and  well-known  species  ranges  throughout  the 
peninsula.  However,  only  thirty-two  examples  have  been  examined  from 
Lower  California,  including  two  of  Schaeffer's  paratypes  from  San  Felipe. 
As  in  most  maculate  Cymatodera,  peninsularis  presents  considerable  varia- 
tion in  color.  One  specimen  has  the  elytra  black  with  two,  broad,  indistinct 
ante-median  fasciae,  extending  inward  only  slightly  from  the  lateral  margins, 
along  with  a  pale  subapical  spot  on  each  elytron.  Another  specimen  has  an 
elongate,  brown  scutellar  spot  along  the  suture  and  elongate,  post-median 
spots  along  the  suture  and  lateral  margins  of  each  testaceous  elytron.  Again, 
these  represent  the  extremes  of  markings  that  have  been  found  in  this  species, 
for  all  of  the  intergrading  forms  between  these  two  are  present  in  the  rather 
small  series  examined.  The  third  segment  of  the  antenna  also  exhibits  some 
variation.  In  certain  specimens  it  is  as  long  as  the  fourth  segment,  while  in 
others  it  is  distinctly  shorter  than  the  fourth  segment. 

Type  locality :  San  Felipe,  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona^ ;  Lower  California :  San  Felipe"^  ^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  17  miles  south  of  Ensenada,  June  14, 1938, 
(M&R);  San  Felipe,  June  1939,  (Ross);  San  Fernando,  July  31,  1938, 
(M&R) ;  15  miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  45  miles 
north  of  San  Ig-nacio,  July  27,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  west  of  San  Miguel, 
July  20, 1938,  (M&R) ;  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20, 1938,  (M&R)  ; 


Vol.  XXIV]  BAER :  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  495 

San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  Venancio,  July  17, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  southeast  of  Arroyo 
Seco,  July  16,  1938,  (M&R). 

The  type  locality,  San  Felipe,  is  located  in  the  Cape  Region,  whereas  the 
San  Felipe  cited  above  under  new  records  is  located  on  the  extreme  north- 
west shore  of  the  Gulf  of  California. 

(9)  Cymatodera  picipennis  Barr,  new  species 

Female :  Medium  size,  somewhat  elongate;  piceous ;  pronotum  faintly  paler 
at  sides  and  across  middle ;  elytra  with  brownish  subapical  spots,  right  elytron 
with  a  broad,  faintly  indicated,  brownish  ante-median  area  along  lateral  mar- 
gin at  middle;  undersurface  dark  testaceous.  Head  finely,  rather  sparsely 
punctured,  finely  wrinkled  at  base,  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  erect  brownish 
hairs;  front  feebly  bi-impressed;  antennae  brown,  rather  stout,  reaching 
basal  fourth  of  elytra,  second  segment  two-thirds  as  long  as  third,  third  seg- 
ment slightly  longer  than  fourth,  segments  five  to  ten  nearly  equal  in  length, 
longer  than  those  preceding,  cylindrical,  outer  margin  of  each  of  these  seg- 
ments broadly  rounded,  slightly  incrassate  at  apex.  Pronotum  one-third 
longer  than  basal  width ;  surface  finely,  sparsely  punctured,  sparsely  clothed 
with  short,  fine  pale  hairs,  intermixed  with  rather  long,  erect  brown  hairs; 
ante-scutellar  impression  wanting.  Elytra  two  and  one-half  times  longer 
than  basal  width,  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  pronotum  at  base ;  humeri  distinct ; 
sides  widest  behind  middle;  apices  nearly  conjointly  rounded;  surface  with 
striae  consisting  of  fine  punctures,  extending  to  subapical  spots,  interspaces 
much  wider  than  punctures,  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  sub-erect  pale  hairs. 
Legs  dark  testaceous,  piceous  at  apices  of  femora  and  bases  of  tibiae,  finely, 
densely  punctured,  rather  densely  clothed  with  short,  brown  hairs;  middle 
tibiae  dark.  Metasternum  finely  and  very  sparsely  punctured.  Abdomen  finely, 
densely  punctured ;  fifth  sternite  rounded  at  apex,  deeply  incised  at  middle ; 
sixth  sternite  narrowly  rounded  at  apex;  sixth  tergite  longer  and  broader 
than  sixth  sternite,  narrowly  rounded  at  apex.  Length :  7  mm. 

Holotype,  female  (C.  A.  S.  No.  5622)  from  Venancio,  July  17,  1938,  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

C.  picipennis  belongs  to  the  Xanti  group  in  Wolcott's  key*  and  will  run 
to  C.  tuta  Wolcott  and  C.  laevicollis  Schaeff er.  It  may  be  separated  from  these 
two  species  by  the  dark  piceous  color  with  the  brown,  subapical  elytral  spots 
and  by  the  structure  of  the  antennae. 

This  species  is  described  from  a  single  female  which  is  in  a  somewhat  dam- 
aged condition,  the  left  antenna  is  broken  off  at  the  fourth  segment,  one  of 
the  hind  legs  is  missing  and  several  of  the  tarsi  are  gone.  However,  the 
critical  characters  are  present  and  the  species  appears  to  be  sufficiently  dis- 
tinct to  warrant  a  name  at  this  time. 

*  Wolcott,  A.  B.,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59  :286. 


496  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Seb. 


(10)  Cymatodera  isabellae  Wolcott 

Cymatodera  isabellae  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10):345i;  Wickham 
and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :52-;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc. 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:285;  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology  32(2)  :QQ\ 

A  single  specimen  of  this  species  has  been  examined  from  Lower  California, 
providing  the  first  record  of  its  occurrence  in  this  region.  It  does  not  differ 
from  specimens  examined  from  localities  in  the  southwestern  United  States 
except  for  the  subapical  dark  spots  which  are  paler  than  those  found  on  typi- 
cal specimens  of  isabellae. 

Type  locality :  St.  George,  Utah'. 

Kecorded  distribution:  Southwestern  United  States:  Utah'";  Arizona". 

New  records :  Lower  California :  12  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  June  27, 
1938,  (M&R). 

(11)  Cymatodera  fascifera  LeConte 

Cymatodera  fascifera  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  (167)  :95^;  Horn,  1876,  Trans. 
Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:225-;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  ScL,  (2)4:33P;  Schaeffer,  1917, 
Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  25(2):  130;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
59:286. 

This  interesting  species  of  Cymatodera,  one  of  the  few  that  has  the  last 
dorsal  abdominal  segment  overlapping  the  last  ventral  abdominal  segment, 
has  been  taken  in  rather  large  numbers  throughout  the  peninsula,  especially 
in  the  southern  half.  Over  seventy  specimens  have  been  examined,  most  of 
which  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross.  This  is  the  only  species  of 
Cymatodera  occurring  in  Lower  California  that  has  both  a  pale  basal  band 
and  a  pale  median  fascia,  the  basal  band,  however,  may  only  be  faintly  indi- 
cated in  some  individuals.  The  color  of  the  elytra  ranges  from  a  light  brown 
to  piceous,  the  majority  of  specimens  tending  towards  the  darker  color. 
Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California\ 
Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas^' I 
New  records:  Lower  California:  San  Quentin,  August  2,  1938,  (M&R)  ; 
San  Fernando,  July  31,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July 
26,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938,  (M&R)  ; 
Coyote  Cove,  Conception  Bay,  July  24,  1938,  (M&R) ;  Purisima,  October 
1923,  (W.  M.  Mann)  ;  Comondu,  July  17,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Miguel,  July 
3,  1938,  (M&R) ;  15  miles  west  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  five 
miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938,  (M&R) ;  Venancio, 
July  17, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  October  8, 1941,  (R&B) ;  15  miles  southeast  of  Arroyo 
Seco,  July  16,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938,  (M&R) ; 
six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Triunfo,  July  13,  1938, 
(M&R) ;  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Miraflores, 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  497 

July  8,  1938,  (M&R) ;  El  Taste;  Santa  Rosa;  10  miles  southwest  of  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9,  1938,  (M&R).  Gulf  of  California:  Marquer  Bay, 
Carmen  Island,  May  23,  1921,  (Van  Duzee). 

(12)  Cymatodera  calif ornica  Horn 

Cymatodera  calif  ornica  Horn,  1868,  Trans,  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  2:134^;  Scliaeffer,  1905,  Mus. 
Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bull.,  1(7)  :1522;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
59:278^ 

No  specimens  of  this  species  from  Lower  California  have  been  seen  by  the 
writer,  the  record  of  its  occurrence  being  based  on  the  report  by  Schaeffer  of 
Beyer's  record  of  collecting  it  in  Lower  California.  This  may  be  an  error 
as  Beyer  apparently  confined  his  collecting  to  the  Cape  Region  and  C.  cali- 
f ornica  does  not  appear  to  be  either  a  true  Sonoran  or  subtropical  species. 
However,  it  probably  does  occur  in  the  mountains  of  the  northern  part  of 
the  peninsula  near  the  California  border.  C.  calif  ornica  is  quite  distinct  be- 
cause of  its  large  size  and  paired  elytral  striae  and  could  not  be  confused  with 
any  Cymatodera  now  recorded  from  Lower  California. 

Type  locality :  "Southern  California"\ 

Recorded  distribution:  southwestern  United  States:  Calif ornia^''^,  Ari- 
zona^'^;  Lower  Calif ornia^ 

(13)  Cymatodera  minacis  Barr,  new  species 

Male:  Form  elongate;  dark  brown,  feebly  shining;  conspicuously  clothed 
with  short,  semi-recumbent  ashy  hairs,  intermixed  with  long,  erect  ashy 
hairs ;  elytra  with  a  narrow,  irregular,  pale  median  fascia.  Head  finely,  densely 
punctured;  antennae  brunneus,  slender,  extending  slightly  beyond  humeri, 
second  segment  slightly  shorter  than  third,  segments  three  to  ten  nearly  equal 
in  length.  Pronotum  one  and  two-thirds  times  as  long  as  width  at  base ;  front 
slightly  wider  than  base ;  sides  with  feeble  constriction  behind  front,  strongly 
constricted  in  front  of  base ;  surface  rather  finely,  sparsely  punctured ;  ante- 
scutellar  impression  strongly  indicated.  Elytra  one  and  two-third  times  as 
wide  as  pronotum  at  base,  three  times  longer  than  basal  width,  slightly  con- 
vex; humeri  distinct;  sides  parallel;  apices  nearly  conjointly  rounded, 
slightly  divergent;  surface  with  striae  extending  to  apical  four-fifths,  strial 
punctures  round,  very  coarse  at  base,  gradually  decreasing  in  size  towards 
apex,  interspaces  wider  than  punctures  at  base,  finely  punctulate;  median 
fascia  narrow,  extending  transversely  from  lateral  margins,  acutely  bent 
posteriorly  at  middle,  then  extending  transversely  to  suture,  transverse  por- 
tions nearest  suture  in  front  of  transverse  portions  nearest  lateral  margins. 
Legs  finely,  rugosely  punctured,  conspicuously  clothed  with  short,  semi- 
recumbent  and  long,  erect  ashy  hairs.  Metasternum  very  finely,  sparsely  punc- 
tured; longitudinal  carinae  present,  rather  long.  Abdomen  finely,  sparsely 
punctured ;  fifth  stemite  broadly  and  deeply  emarginate ;  sixth  sternite  pro- 


498  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Sek. 

longed,  nearly  parallel,  finely,  rugosely  punctured,  median  carina  strongly 
indicated  at  base,  becoming  obsolete  at  apex,  sub-marginal  carinae  strongly 
indicated,  slightly  arcuate,  lateral  margins  prolonged  at  apex,  blunt,  hind 
margin  slightly  thickened,  broadly  emarginate,  truncate  at  middle;  fifth 
tergite  deeply,  triangularly  emarginate  at  apex ;  sixth  tergite  shorter  and  nar- 
rower than  sixth  sternite,  finely  punctured  with  a  broad  subapical  depression, 
lateral  margins  slightly  thickened,  hind  angles  narrowly  rounded,  hind  mar- 
gin triangularly  emarginate.  Length :  12.5  mm. 

Female:  Form  less  elongate,  more  convex;  metasternal  carinae  absent; 
fifth  abdominal  sternite  broadly,  shallowly  emarginate  at  apex  with  a  semi- 
rectangular  notch  at  middle ;  sixth  abdominal  sternite  not  prolonged,  semi- 
circularly  rounded  at  apex;  sixth  abdominal  tergite  semicircular ly  rounded 
at  apex  and  feebly  notched  at  middle.  Length :  10  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.  A.  S.  No.  5623),  allotype,  female  (C.  A.  S.  No.  5624), 
and  five  male  and  12  female  paratypes  from  Triunf o,  July  7, 1938.  Additional 
paratypes  as  follows :  one  male,  10  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta,  June  21, 1938 ; 
eight  males  and  two  females,  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938 ;  one  male,  San 
Domingo,  October  23,  1941 ;  three  males  and  three  females,  15  miles  north  of 
El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938 ;  one  female,  Venancio,  July  17,  1938 ;  one  female, 
15  miles  southeast  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  16,  1938;  three  males  and  three 
females,  15  miles  west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938;  three  males  and  one  female, 
six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15,  1938 ;  and  one  male,  five  miles  west  of 
San  Bartolo,  July  13,  1938.  All  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher 
and  Ross  except  a  paratype  from  San  Domingo  which  was  collected  in  1941 
by  Ross  and  Bohart. 

C.  minacis  will  run  to  C.  longula  Wolcott  in  Wolcott's  key,  but  may  be 
readily  distinguished  from  that  species  by  the  finely  punctured  pronotum 
and  metasternum,  the  dark  brown  color,  and  by  having  the  elytra  less  flattened 
with  the  sides  parallel.  Further,  the  secondary  sexual  characters  of  the  males 
of  the  two  species  are  quite  different ;  minacis  has  three  distinct  longitudinal 
carinae  on  the  prolonged,  parallel-sided  sixth  abdominal  sternite,  which  are 
lacking  on  the  strongly  narrowed,  sixth  abdominal  sternite  of  longula.  C. 
minacis  bears  a  rather  close  resemblance  to  C.  santarosae  Schaeffer,  another 
Lower  California  species,  but  may  be  separated  by  being  dark  brown  instead  of 
piceous  in  color,  by  having  the  elytra  parallel-sided  and  rather  conspicuously 
clothed  with  long  erect  hairs  and  by  having  the  sixth  abdominal  sternite  of 
the  male  prolonged  and  parallel-sided  instead  of  prolonged  and  arcuately- 
sided  as  in  santarosae. 

Apparently  minacis  is  more  closely  related  to  C.  neomexicana  Knull,  which 
was  described  from  New  Mexico ;  however,  the  secondary  sexual  characters 
of  the  males  may  serve  to  most  easily  distinguish  these  species.  The  last 
ventral  abdominal  segment  of  minacis  is  broadly  emarginate,  nearly  truncate 
at  the  apex,  whereas  it  is  bisinuately  emarginate  in  neomexicana.  Further,  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  last  abdominal  segment  are  more  prolonged  and  pointed 


Vol.  XXIV]  BARB:  CLEBIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  499 

at  the  apex  in  neomexicana  than  in  minacis.  Also,  the  ante-scutellar  impres- 
sion of  minacis  is  more  strongly  indicated  and  the  body  is  generally  more 
pubescent. 

With  a  single  exception,  C.  minacis  was  taken  entirely  in  the  southern  third 
of  the  peninsula  during  the  recent  Academy  expeditions.  In  the  paratypic 
series,  it  varies  but  slightly  in  color,  markings,  and  pubescence.  A  range  of 
from  8.25  mm.  to  12.75  mm.  in  length,  however,  is  present. 

(14)  Oymatodera  santarosae  Schaeffer 

Cymatodera  santarosae  Schaeffer,  1905,  Mus.  Brooklyn  Inst.  Arts  Sci.,  Bui.,  l(7):152i; 
Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.,  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :532;  Wolcott, 
1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:287. 

This  species  appears  to  be  rather  widespread  and  abundant  on  the  penin- 
sula, nearly  sixty  specimens  having  been  examined.  It  was  collected  most 
commonly  in  localities  in  the  southern  half  of  the  peninsula.  C.  santarosae 
may  be  confused  with  C.  ohlita  Horn  on  the  basis  of  the  strial  punctures  on 
the  elytra.  The  extent  of  the  striae  on  santarosae  varies  somewhat,  but  the 
punctures  are  generally  present  on  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  elytra,  whereas 
in  ohlita  the  striae  are  evident  only  at  the  extreme  base  of  the  elytra.  C.  ohlita 
is  more  slender  and  parallel-sided  than  santarosae ;  the  character  of  the  last 
two  abdominal  sternites  of  the  males  of  these  two  species  is  also  quite  different. 

The  specimens  of  C.  santarosae  examined  are  nearly  all  piceous  in  color ; 
however,  several  examples  are  dark  brown.  Two  of  Schaeffer's  paratypes  from 
Santa  Rosa,  which  have  been  examined,  exhibit  this  latter  color. 

Type  locality :  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif  omia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  New  Mexico (f)"";  Lower  Calif ornia^  Santa  Rosa'. 

New  records :  Lower  California:  Hamilton  Ranch,  August  2, 1938,  (M&R)  ; 
10  miles  south  of  Catavina,  July  29,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north  of  Punta 
Prieta,  July  29, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  Angeles  Bay,  May  5,  1921,  (Van  Duzee)  ;  Las 
Animas  Bay,  May  8,  1921,  (J.  C.  Chamberlin)  ;  Mesquital,  June  22,  1938, 
(M&R) ;  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north 
of  San  Ignacio,  July  24,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July 
25,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Conception  Bay,  July  24,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  20 
miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Comondu,  July  22,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  five  miles  south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20, 1938,  (M&R) ;  San  Domingo, 
July  19,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4,  1938,  (M&R) ; 
Venancio,  July  17, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  southeast  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  29, 
1938,  (M&R) ;  20  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  July  16, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles 
west  of  La  Paz,  July  5,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  Triunfo,  July  7, 1938,  (M&R) ;  five  mHes  west  of  San  Bartolo, 
July  13, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  Las  Animas,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  12, 1941,  (R&B)  ; 
Santiago,  July  8,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Miraflores,  July  8,  1938,  (M&R) ;  El  Taste, «» 
August. 


X 

y 


500  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Seb. 

(15)  Cymatodera  oblita  Horn 

Cymatodera  ohlita  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:227^;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2)4:33P;  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:287;  Moore,  1937,  Occ.  Pap. 
San  Diego  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  (2)  :38^ 

The  occurrence  of  C.  ohlita  on  the  peninsula  is  questionable ;  at  least  Horn's 
record  of  its  capture  at  Cape  San  Lucas  is  probably  incorrect.  The  specimens 
which  he  recorded  are  probably  C.  santarosae,  a  species  described  by  Schaeffer 
some  years  later.  C.  ohlita  may  occur  in  the  more  northern  limits  of  the  penin- 
sula as  it  has  been  reported  from  San  Diego  County,  California,  which  borders 
Lower  California  to  the  north. 

Type  locality :  Camp  Grant,  Arizona\ 

Kecorded  distribution:  southwestern  United  States:  Nevada"^,  Arizona^'^, 
California'' ;  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucasl 

(16)  Cymatodera  longula  Wolcott 

Cymatodera  longula  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:280^;  Chapin,  1927,  Proc. 

Biol.  Soc.  Washington,  40 :  144^. 
Cymatodera  rudis  Wolcott,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:28P;  Chapin,  1927,  Proc.  Biol. 

Soc.  Washington,  40 :  144. 

A  single  example  of  this  rather  variable  species  taken  by  Michelbacher  and 
Ross  is  the  first  record  of  its  occurrence  on  Lower  California.  The  specimen 
does  not  greatly  differ  from  Arizona  individuals;  it  is  castaneous  with  a 
faintly  indicated  median  fascia  and  immediately  behind  this  fascia  is  a  dark 
area.  The  second  antennal  segment  is  noticeably  shorter  than  the  third. 

This  species  is  quite  distinctive  because  of  the  absence  of  longitudinal 
carinae  on  the  metasternum  of  the  male  and  by  the  very  coarsely  punctured 
pronotum  and  metasternum. 

Type  locality :  Catalina  Springs,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona^  "^ 

New  records:  Lower  California:  15  miles  north  of  El  Refugio,  July  4, 
1938,  (M&R). 

(17)  Cymatodera  punctata  LeConte 

Cymatodera  punctata  LeConte,  1852,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:212^;  Horn,  1876, 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:227^;  1894,  Proc.  CaHf.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:330^;  Wolcott, 
1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59 : 287. 

No  specimens  of  this  species  have  been  seen  from  Lower  California,  its 
occurrence  in  this  region  being  based  on  Horn's  record  of  its  capture  in  two 
localities  in  the  subtropical  Cape  Region.  It  seems  strange  that  C.  punctata 
has  not  subsequently  been  taken,  for  it  undoubtedly  occurs  throughout 
the  peninsula  if  Horn's  specimens  were  correctly  labeled  and  identified. 
C.  punctata  can  be  easily  recognized  among  the  other  species  of  Cymatodera 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABB:  CLEBIDAE  OF  LOWEB  CALIFOBNIA  501 

known  to  occur  in  Lower  California  by  its  dense  pubescence,  pale  color,  more 
or  less  cylindrical  form,  and  the  two  posterior  projections  from  the  sixth  ab- 
dominal tergite  of  the  male. 

Type  locality :  "Colorado  Desert,  California"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  California^''',  Ari- 
zona^, Texas'' ;  Lower  California :  El  Chinche^,  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ 

(18)  Cymatodera  intermedia  Barr,  new  species 

Male:  Form  robust,  somewhat  elongate  and  convex;  piceous,  moderately 
shining ;  apices  of  elytra  slightly  paler  in  color;  hind  wings  reduced  to  rather 
small  pads.  Head  finely,  densely  punctured,  vestiture  consisting  of  very  fine, 
short,  semi-recumbent  pale  hairs  intermixed  with  a  few  longer,  erect  pale 
hairs ;  antennae  brunneus,  slender,  reaching  basal  third  of  elytra,  second  seg- 
ment slightly  shorter  than  third,  segments  three  to  ten  nearly  equal  in  length. 
Pronotum  nearly  twice  as  long  as  width  at  base,  gradually  and  slightly  con- 
stricted at  basal  third,  width  at  base  about  three-fourths  of  that  at  apex; 
surface  finely,  densely  punctured,  somewhat  more  coarsely  and  densely  along 
sides  near  base  and  apex,  clothed  with  fine,  short,  semi-recumbent  pale  hairs, 
intermixed  with  a  few  rather  long,  erect  pale  hairs ;  ante-scutellar  impression 
wanting.  Elytra  nearly  two  and  one-half  times  longer  than  basal  width,  wider 
than  pronotum;  humeri  rather  distinct;  sides  widest  at  apical  third;  apices 
nearly  conjointly  rounded,  slightly  divergent;  surface  with  striae  consisting 
of  coarse  oblong  punctures  which  gradually  become  obliterated  at  apical 
third,  interspaces  wider  than  punctures,  finely,  irregularly  punctulate,  rather 
moderately  clothed  with  short,  semi-recumbent  pale  hairs.  Legs  brunneus, 
finely,  densely  punctured,  rather  densely  clothed  with  inconspicuous,  short, 
semi-recumbent  yellowish  hairs  and  longer,  erect  hairs.  Metasternum  brun- 
neus, rather  densely,  very  finely  punctured,  rather  abundantly  clothed  with 
very  fine,  suberect,  pale  hairs;  carinae  absent.  Abdomen  brunneus,  very 
finely,  rather  densely  punctured,  rather  densely  clothed  with  inconspicuous, 
short,  semi-recumbent  yellowish  hairs;  fifth  sternite  broadly  and  shallowly 
emarginate  at  apex;  sixth  sternite  rather  narrow,  evenly  rounded  with  a 
slight  emargination  at  middle  of  apex ;  sixth  tergite  evenly  rounded  at  apex. 
Length :  8.1  mm. 

Female:  Brunneus;  fifth  abdominal  sternite  subtruncate  at  apex;  sixth 
abdominal  sternite  evenly  rounded  at  apex,  semicircular;  sixth  abdominal 
tergite  shorter  than  sixth  sternite,  truncate  at  apex.  Length :  7.6  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5625)  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21, 1938, 
allotype,  female  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5626)  from  ten  miles  south  of  Punta  Prieta, 
June  21,  1938.  Three  paratypes  from  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21,  1938,  and 
one  mutilated  specimen,  not  designated  as  a  paratype,  from  San  Domingo, 
July  19,  1938.  All  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

C.  intermedia  superficially  resembles  C.  mitchelli  Chapin,  a  species  de- 
scribed from  western  Texas,  but  may  be  readily  distinguished  by  the  absence 


502  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

of  an  ante-scutellar  impression,  the  broader  and  less  convex  appearance,  the 
more  prominent  humeri,  the  short  inconspicuous  pubescence  and  the  very 
different  secondary  sexual  characters  of  the  males. 

(19)  Cymatodera  cephalica  Schaeffer 

Cymatodera  cephalica  Schaefeer,  1908,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  16(3)  rlSO^;  Wolcott, 
1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59 :  288. 

As  far  as  is  known,  no  specimens  of  C.  cephalica  have  been  collected  since 
those  which  were  before  Schaeffer  at  the  time  of  his  original  description.  The 
only  specimen  of  this  species  examined  by  the  writer  was  one  small  female 
from  Santa  Rosa  (U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  Coll.)  which  is  labelled  "Cephalica,  Type 
or  Paratype."  This  species  presents  a  few  differences  which  separate  it  from 
C.  purpuricollis  Horn,  the  only  other  wingless  Cymatodera  in  Lower  Cali- 
fornia with  which  it  could  be  confused.  The  pronotum  of  cephalica  is  dark 
brown  without  a  metallic  luster,  the  body  is  sparsely  clothed  with  short  pale 
hairs,  and  the  abdomen  is  dark  brown,  whereas  the  pronotum  of  purpuricollis 
is  castaneous  with  a  metallic  tinge ;  also  the  ante-scutellar  impression  is  more 
prominent,  the  body  is  conspicuously  clothed  with  long  pale  hairs,  and  the 
abdomen  is  pale,  nearly  testaceous.  The  structure  of  the  last  two  abdominal 
segments  of  the  males  of  these  two  species  is  also  quite  different. 

Type  locality :  El  Taste,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  El  Taste^,  Santa  Rosa\ 

(20)  Cymatodera  purpuricollis  Horn 

Cymatodera  purpuricollis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:38r;  Wolcott,  1921, 
Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59: 288  j  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  cTO^. 

The  type  of  this  species  is  in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  and  is  the 
only  specimen  known  to  the  writer.  Horn,  in  his  original  description,  states 
that  C.  purpuricollis  has  the  head  and  thorax  metallic  blue,  this  luster  of  the 
head  and  thorax  has  faded  considerably  since  the  time  of  the  original  descrip- 
tion, for  the  type  specimen  now  has  the  head  and  thorax  castaneous  with  a 
faint  metallic  tinge.  This  and  its  related  species,  0.  cephalica,  have  been  taken 
in  different  mountain  ranges  within  the  Cape  Region  of  the  peninsula  and 
are  probably  restricted  to  these  isolated  ranges  as  they  are  unable  to  fly. 

Type  locality :  Sierra  El  Chinche,  Lower  California\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Sierra  El  Chinche^ ;  Arizona  ( ?)". 

Genus  Lecontella 
(21)  Lecontella  gnara  Wolcott 

Lecontella  gnara  Wolcott,  1927,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1(1)  :105^;  Chapin,  1927,  Proc.  Biol.  Soc. 
Washington,  40 :  143-. 

This  species  is  a  rather  abundant  and  distinctive  member  of  the  desert 
fauna  of  Arizona,  commonly  encountered  at  lights.  It  has  not  previously 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLEBIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  503 

been  recorded  from  Lower  California.  All  specimens  collected  by  Michel- 
bacher  and  Ross  were  taken  in  the  south-central  portion  of  the  peninsula. 
Nine  examples  were  collected  and  they  exhibit  the  same  variations  in  size  and 
coloration  as  those  from  Arizona.  The  size  of  the  Lower  California  specimens 
ranges  from  8  to  slightly  more  than  13  mm.,  while  the  color  varies  from 
a  rather  light  ca^taneous  to  the  more  typical  piceous. 

Type  locality :  Sabinas  Canyon,  Tucson,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Arizona^l 

New  records :  Lower  California :  45  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  20 
miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  1938,  (M&R) ;  Comondu,  July  22,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Venancio,  July  17,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  15  miles  southeast  of  Arroyo  Seco,  July  16,  1938,  (M&R). 

Genus  Bostrichoclerus 
(22)  Bostrichoclerus  bicornis  Van  Dyke 

Bostrichoclerus  hicornis  Van  Dyke,  1938,  Ent.  News,  49 :190\ 

This  unusual  clerid  is  known  only  from  the  type  and  certainly  could  not 

be  confused  with  any  other  species  known  at  this  time. 

Type  locality:  Palm  Canyon,  Angel  de  la  Guardia  Island,  Gulf  of  Cali- 

fornia\ 

Subfamily  PHYLLOBAENINAE 

Genus  Phyllobaenus 

The  genus  Phyllobaenus  is  the  only  representative  of  this  subfamily  occur- 
ring in  Lower  California. 

Key  to  Species  of  Phyllobaenus  of  Lower  Californla. 

1.  Body  shining,  black,  vestiture  silvery;  elytra  with  yellow-white  markings 2 

— Body  dull,  blackish-brown,  vestiture  gray-brown ;  elytra  with  testaceous  markings 3 

2.  Pronotum  scabrous,  broader  than  long ;  elytra  with  subapical  fascia  consisting  of  re- 

cumbent silvery  hairs omoger 

— Pronotum  smooth,  as  long  as  broad ;  elytra  without  fascia  of  hairs omogeroides 

3.  Elytra  cribrately  punctured  at  apex ;  male  with  last  abdominal  sternite  consisting  of 

lateral,  curved  slender  processes cribripennis 

— Elytra  uniformly  densely  punctured;  male  with  last  abdominal  sternite  consisting  of 
lateral,  short  triangular  processes '. discoideus 

(23)  Phyllobaenus  omoger  (Horn) 

Eydnocera  omogera  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:383^;  Schaeffer,  1904,  Journ. 

New  York  Ent.  Soc,  12(4)  :2192;  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist. 

Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :63^ 
Phyllobaenus  omoger,  Wolcott,  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :73. 

Six  specimens  of  this  easily  recognized  species  have  been  seen  in  addition 
to  the  type.  The  pale,  basal  or  sub-basal  elytral  markings  with  the  subapical 
fascia  formed  by  silvery  hairs  contrasting  with  the  shining  black  elytra  sepa- 


504  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proo.  4th  See. 

rates  it  immediately  from  any  other  Lower  California  species.  One  specimen 
has  a  small  pale  spot  under  the  subapical  fascia  of  hairs  on  each  elytron,  a 
variation  which  has  previously  been  observed  by  Schaeffer. 

Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  southwestern  United  States:  Texas^",  Arizona^; 
Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo'''. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23, 1938, 
(M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo, 
July  15,  1938,  (M&R);  Triunfo,  July  13,  1938,  (M&R). 

(24)  Phyllobaenus  omogeroides  Barr,  new  species 

Male:  Medium  size,  rather  slender;  black,  somewhat  shining;  lower  half  of 
front  of  head,  undersurface  of  head,  antennae,  mouthparts  and  legs  tes- 
taceous ;  pronotum  with  basal  margin  testaceous,  elj^tra  with  basal  half  pale 
testaceous,  humeri  dark.  Head  finely,  sparsely  punctured,  sparsely  clothed 
with  short  recumbent  and  rather  long  erect  silvery  hairs ;  front  impressed. 
Pronotum  as  long  as  broad ;  sides  rather  feebly  arcuate,  basal  and  anterior 
constrictions  rather  feeble;  surface  finely,  sparsely  punctured,  nearly  smooth, 
sparsely  clothed  with  rather  long  and  short  silvery  hairs.  Elytra  wider  than 
pronotum,  conspicuously  shorter  than  abdomen;  sides  slightly  narrowing 
towards  apex ;  apices  separately  rounded,  serrate ;  surface  sparsely,  coarsely 
punctured,  sparsely  clothed  with  rather  long  silvery  hairs.  Legs  sparsely 
clothed  with  long,  erect  silvery  hairs;  apices  of  hind  femora  and  tibiae  dark. 
Abdomen  nearly  smooth,  very  sparsely  pubescent;  fifth  sternite  shallowly 
emarginate  at  apex ;  sixth  sternite  consisting  of  paired,  lateral,  very  slender 
curved  processes  which  are  acute  at  apex;  last  tergite  somewhat  narrowed 
and  prolonged,  broadly  rounded  at  apex.  Length:  3.25  mm. 

Female:  Head  entirely  black  except  for  antennae  and  mouthparts;  pro- 
notum black;  last  abdominal  tergite  and  sternite  rather  narrowly  rounded 
at  apex.  Length:  3.75  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5627),  allotype,  female  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5628) 
and  four  paratypes  from  Triunfo,  July  13, 1938 ;  one  paratype  from  the  same 
locality,  July  7,  1938.  Additional  single  paratypes  from  the  following  locali- 
ties :  six  miles  north  of  Triunfo,  July  15,  1938 ;  San  Pedro,  October  7,  1941 ; 
Todos  Santos,  July  15, 1938 ;  and  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13, 1938. 
All  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher  and  Ross  except  for  the  San 
Pedro  example  which  was  collected  by  Ross  and  Bohart. 

P.  omogeroides  is  somewhat  variable  in  the  series  of  paratypes,  several 
specimens  have  the  head  and  pronotum  testaceous.  One  of  these  specimens  also 
has  the  elytra  testaceous  except  for  the  apical  third  which  is  dark  brownish. 

This  species  resembles  some  specimens  of  P.  omoger  (Horn),  but  can  be 
readily  distinguished  by  its  more  slender  form,  nearly  smooth  pronotum, 
uniform  elytral  punctuation,  and  by  the  absence  of  a  subapical  fascia  of  hairs 
on  the  elytra. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BAER:  CLEBIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  505 

(25)  Phyllobaenus  cribripennis  (Fall) 

Eydnccera  cribripennis  Fall,  1906,  Can.  Ent.,  38(4):116ij  Schaeffer,  1908,  Journ.  New 

York  Ent.  Soc,  16(3)  :  132^. 
Phyllobaenus  cribripennis,  Wolcott,  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :72. 

This  species  is  commonly  found  throughout  southwestern  United  States 
and  thirteen  specimens  were  collected  throughout  the  entire  peninsula  dur- 
ing the  recent  expeditions.  It  has  not  been  previously  recorded  from  Lower 
California.  P.  cribripennis  may  be  confused  with  P.  discoideus  (LeConte) 
which  also  occurs  on  the  peninsula.  It  can  be  readily  separated,  however,  by 
the  cribrately  punctured  elytral  apices,  it  is  also  of  a  smaller  size  and  is  gen- 
erally less  pubescent. 

Type  locality :  Fedor,  Texas\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States  :  Texas\  Arizona^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Seven  miles  south  of  El  Mayor,  April  3, 
1938,  (Ross  and  Michener) ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  July  21,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15 
miles  north  of  Punta  Prieta,  July  29, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  10  miles  south  of  Punta 
Prieta,  June  21,  1938,  (M&R) ;  Mesquital,  June  23,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  July  28, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  20  miles  south  of  El  Arco,  September  28,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  45 
miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  July  27,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Coyote  Cove,  Conception 
Bay,  October  1,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  15  miles  south  of  San  Domingo,  October  4, 
1941,  (R&B)  ;  La  Paz,  October  7,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  10  miles  southwest  of  San 
Jose  del  Cabo,  July  9,  1938,  (M&R). 

(26)  Phyllobaenus  discoideus  (LeConte) 

Hydnocera  discoidea  LeConte,  1852,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:212^;  Horn,  1894, 

Proc.    Calif.    Acad.    Sci.,    (2)4:384;    1895,   Proc.    Calif.    Acad.    Sci.,    (2)5:228-; 

Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1 :304^;  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull. 

Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :63*. 
Phyllobaenus  discoideus,  Wolcott,  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :72. 
Hydnocera  furcata  Gorham,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  Suppl.,  3(2):342^;  Horn, 

1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:384. 
Hydnocera  fuscata,  Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1 :304. 

Twenty  specimens  have  been  assigned  to  this  poorly  known  and  supposedly 
variable  species  with  some  doubt.  The  individuals  from  the  extreme  northern 
part  of  the  peninsula  rather  closely  approximate  P.  quadrimaculatus  (Van 
Dyke)  which  was  described  from  San  Diego  County,  California.  If  these 
specimens  are  correctly  identified,  P.  discoideus  and  P.  quadrimaculatus  may 
be  one  and  the  same  species.  The  remainder  of  the  specimens  are  rather  con- 
stant in  coloration,  having  a  broad,  basal  testaceous  band  and  rather  large, 
post-median  testaceous  spots.  They  range  in  size  from  3  mm.  to  5.75  mm. 

Type  locality :  "Colorado  Desert,  California"\ 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Texas'^,  New  Mexico*, 
Utah*,  Arizona^'''*,  California'*;  Lower  California:  Calmalli  Mines",  Sierra 
San  Lazaro" ;  Mexico^'* :  Northern  Sonora^ 


506  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Seh. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  20  miles  south  of  Santo  Tomas,  August 
3, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Quentin,  June  7, 1925,  (H.  H.  Keifer) ;  August  2,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  19  miles  east  of  Rosario,  June  17, 1938,  (M&R) ;  Chapalla  Dry  Lake, 
June  21,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Mesquital,  June  23,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  15  miles  north  of 
San  Ignacio,  September  29, 1941,  (R&B)  ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  October 
3,  1941,  (R&B),  15  miles  south  of  San  Domingo,  October  4,  1941,  (R&B)  ; 
Pescadero,  October  8,  1941,  (R&B) ;  Big  Canyon,  Sierra  Laguna,  October  13, 
1941,  (R&B)  ;  Miraflores,  July  8, 1938,  (M&R)  ;  five  miles  south  of  Miraflores, 
July  10,  1938,  (M&R). 

Subfamily  CLERINAE 
Key  to  Genera  of  Clerinae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Maxillary  and  labial  palpi  with  terminal  segments  triangular,  widened  apieally 2 

— Labial  palpi  with  terminal  segments  triangular;  terminal  segments  of  maxillary  palpi 

cylindrical,  broader  at  base  than  at  apex Enoclerus 

2.  Last  three  antennal  segments  forming  a  distinct  club 3 

— Last  five  antennal  segments  gradually  forming  a  loose  club Xenoclerus 

3.  Antennal  club  loosely  formed;  terminal  segments  of  maxillary  palpi  broadly  triangular 

Aulicus 

— Antennal  club  compact;  terminal  segments  of  maxillary  palpi  slightly  broader  at  apex 

than  at  base Trichodes 

Genus  Enoclerus 
(27)  Enoclerus  quadrisignatus  (Say) 

Clerus  quadrisignatus  Say,  1835,  Boston  Journ.  Nat.  Hist.,  1(2)  :162^;  Klug,  1842,  Clerii, 

p.  293;  LeConte,  1849,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:19;  Horn,  1894,  Proc. 

Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:33P;  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :362. 
Enoclerus  quadrisignatus,  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa, 

6(3):573. 
Clerus  rufescens  LeConte,  1852,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5  :212*. 
Clerus  affiliatus  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (1858)  10 :  72^ 
Clerus  latecinctus  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (1858)10:72^;  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (1862)13:335". 
Enoclerus  latecinctus,  Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa, 

6(3):57«. 
Clerus  laticinctus,  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :362». 

This  is  one  of  the  more  common  species  of  Cleridae  found  in  the  south- 
western United  States  and  it  presents  a  number  of  color  variations  through- 
out its  range,  several  of  these  having  been  described  and  named  by  LeConte. 
There  seems  to  be  some  geographical  correlation  with  these  color  variations, 
but  at  the  present  time  this  variation  appears  to  be  rather  continuous  from 
area  to  area.  For  this  reason  the  name  quadrisignatus  is  being  applied  to  all 
forms.  Most  of  the  Lower  California  specimens  which  have  been  examined 
tend  towards  a  darker  coloration.  With  one  exception,  all  of  the  specimens 
were  collected  in  the  southern  half  of  the  peninsula.  This  is  the  only  repre- 
sentative of  this  genus  occurring  in  Lower  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLERIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  507 

Type  locality :  North  Carolina'^. 

Recorded  distribution :  United  States :  New  Jersey'  to  Illinois',  Georgia'  to 
Texas'''  to  Kansas',  Colorado',  Arizona",  California'*' ;  Mexico' :  Sonora' ; 
Lower  California'" :  San  Jose  del  Cabo^'l 

New  records:  Lower  California:  El  Marmol,  September  24,  1941,  (R&B)  ; 
25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Comondu,  July  22, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  San  Evaristo,  June  10, 
1921,  (J.  C.  Chamberlin)  ;  Venancio,  July  17,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  Santa  Rosa, 
August-September  1901,  (Beyer). 

Several  specimens  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo  have  also  been  examined. 

Genus  Trichodes 
Key  to  Species  of  Trichodes  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra  roughened,  not  distinctly  punctured 2 

— Elytra  with  large  coarse  punctures peninsularis 

2.  Elytra  blue,  green,  or  black  with  yellow  to  reddish  markings ;  median  fascia  narrow  to 

broad,  oblique omatus 

— Elytra  black  with  pale  yellow  markings,  median  fascia  narrow,  transverse nexus 

(28)  Trichodes  peninsularis  Horn 

Tricliodes  peninsularis  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:383^;  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub. 
Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :3692;  1944,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  20(2)  :55;  1947,  Fieldiana: 
Zoology,  32  (2): 823. 

The  only  specimen,  other  than  the  type  of  this  beautiful  species,  seen  by 
the  writer  is  a  single  example  taken  at  Purisima,  which  does  not  differ  from 
the  type.  This  new  record  extends  the  range  of  this  species  approximately 
eighty  miles  northward  on  the  peninsula.  T.  peninsularis  is  most  closely  related 
to  T.  horni  Wolcott  and  Chapin,  a  variable  species  found  in  Arizona,  and  is 
separated  on  the  basis  of  the  color  of  the  antennae,  legs,  and  elytra.  The 
Arizona  record  is  probably  based  on  misidentified  or  mislabeled  material. 
T.  peninsularis  is  easily  distinguished  from  any  other  recorded  Lower  Califor- 
nia Trichodes  because  of  its  very  coarsely  punctured  elytra  and  slender  form. 

Type  locality :  El  Chinche,  Lower  Calif ornia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Lower  California:  El  Chinche""'^;  Arizona^ 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Purisima,  October  1923,  (W.  M.  Mann). 

(29)  Trichodes  nexus  Wolcott 

Trichodes  nexus  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :372i;  1944,  Pan-Pac. 
Ent.,  20(2)  :55. 

This  interesting  species  seems  to  be  most  closely  allied  to  some  forms  of 
the  variable  T.  omatus  Say,  from  which  it  is  most  easily  separated  by  having 
the  median  fascia  of  the  elytra  narrow,  transverse,  and  parallel-sided.  T. 
nexus  is  also  slightly  more  robust  with  the  lateral  margins  of  the  elytra  more 


508  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Prog.  4th  Ser. 

parallel.  From  the  material  at  hand,  this  species  is  confined  to  the  southern 
half  of  the  peninsula  and  has  thus  far  been  taken  only  in  the  month  of 
October,  whereas  ornatus  has  been  found  only  in  the  far  northern  part  of 
the  peninsula,  having  been  collected  in  the  spring  and  early  summer. 
Type  locality :  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Lower  Calif ornia\ 
Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 
New  records :  Lower  California :  Coyote  Cove,  Conception  Bay,  October  1, 
1941,  (R&B) ;  10  miles  south  of  Coyote  Cove,  Conception  Bay,  October  1, 
1941,  (R&B). 

In  addition  to  two  examples  from  these  localities,  the  writer  has  also  ex- 
amined two  specimens  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  the  type  locality,  which  are 
in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum  Collection. 

(30)  Trichodes  ornatus  Say 

Trichodes  ornatus  Say,  1823,  Journ.  Acad.  Nat,  Sci.,  Phila.,  3:189^;  Klug,  1842,  Clerii, 

p.  340;  Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  1:327;  LeConte,  1849,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist. 

New  York,  5:18%-   Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soe.,  5:231;   1891,  Ent.  News, 

2(1)  :6;  Cockerell,  1893,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  20:329;  Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche 

Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1:286;  Wolcott,  1909,  Bull.  Wisconsin  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  7(3&4):99; 

1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :3723;  wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull. 

Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :59*;  Linsley  and  MacSwain,  1943,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc. 

Am.,  36(4)  :589;  Wolcott,  1944,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  20(2)  :58^ 
Trichodes  douglasianus  White,  1849,  Nomen.  Coleopt.  Ins.  Brit.  Mus.,  Cleridae,  4:60°; 

Cockerell,  1893,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  20:329;   Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent. 

Zeitschr.,  1:286. 
Trichodes  hartwegianus  White,  1849,  Nomen.  Coleopt.  Ins.  Brit.  Mus.,  Cleridae,  4:60'^; 

Cockerell,  1893,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  20:329;   Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent. 

Zeitschr.,  1:286. 
Trichodes  tenellus  LeConte,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (1858)10:72^. 
Trichodes  ornatus  var.  tenellus,  Horn,  1891,  Ent.  News,  2(1)  :7^;  Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche 

Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1:286;   Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,  7(10)  :373i°; 

Wickham  and  Wolcott,  1912,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.,  Univ.  Iowa,  6(3)  :59ii;  Wolcott, 

1944,  Pan-Pac  Ent.,  20(2)  :55. 
Trichodes  ornatus  tenellus,  Linsley  and  MacSwain,  1943,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  Am.,  36(4)  :592^. 
Trichodes  ornatus  var.  ol)soletus  Wolcott,  1944,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  20(2)  :59". 

T.  ornatus  is  one  of  the  more  common  and  most  variable  clerids  occurring 
in  western  North  America.  The  elytra  are  blue,  violet,  green,  or  black.  The 
elytral  maculations  are  often  reddish  on  specimens  from  the  Rocky  Mountain 
region  and  the  desert  area  of  the  southwest.  Specimens  from  Utah  and  south- 
ern Oregon  have  been  seen  with  the  elytral  maculations  reduced  to  a  single 
median  fascia.  Its  size  ranges  from  6V2  to  over  14  mm.  in  length.  Four  speci- 
mens have  been  seen  from  Lower  California;  they  are  all  rather  small  and 
have  the  elytra  black  with  yellowish  markings.  No  previous  records  of  its 
occurrence  on  the  peninsula  have  been  seen. 

A  number  of  subspecies  may  be  represented  in  the  range  of  this  species  for 
there  are  indications  that  several  of  the  forms  are  geographically  distinct. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BAEB:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  509 

Before  any  definite  conclusions  can  be  drawn,  however,  additional  specimens 
must  be  examined.  Information  on  the  biologies  of  these  various  forms  is 
also  needed. 

Type  locality :  "Arkansa."^ 

Recorded  distribution :  western  North  America :  Alberta^'^,  British  Colum- 
bia'*, "Missouri  Territory"^  South  Dakota^  Montana'  *,  Idaho^  Wyoming^ 
Colorado^'^'^'^^'^  Nebraska^  Utah''*",  Nevada'*",  New  Mexico^'*"",  Ari- 
zona'*", Washington'*,  Oregon^'*'^",  California'**'-^'^'^"",  Mexico". 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Ensenada,  May  6, 1938,  (W.  E.  Simonds)  ; 

San  Vincente,  May  11,  1938,  (W.  E.  Simonds)  ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21, 

1938,  (M&R). 

Genus  Xenoclerus 

(31)  Xenoclerus  edwardsii  (Horn) 

Trogodendron  edwardsii  Horn,  1880,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  8:149^;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 

Sci.,  (2)4:33P;  Fall,  1901,  Occ.  Pap.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:129^ 
Xenoclerus  edwardsii,  Schenkling,  1902,  Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  8:327;  Wolcott,  1910, 

Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7  ( 10 )  :  366*. 

No  specimens  of  this  striking  species  have  been  seen  from  Lower  California. 
Horn  was  the  first  to  record  it  from  this  region  and  Wolcott's  record  is  prob- 
ably based  on  this.  X.  edwardsii  should  also  be  found  in  the  northern  half  of 
the  peninsula  as  it  occurs  uncommonly  in  Arizona  and  southern  California. 
It  is  easily  recognized  by  its  large  size  and  distinctive  reddish-orange  and 
black  elytra. 

Type  locality  :  "Southern  Arizona'". 

Recorded  distribution :  southwestern  United  States :  Arizona^'""*,  Califor- 
nia'*; Lower  California:  Sierra  El  Chinche"*. 

Genus  Aulicus 
Key  to  Species  of  Aulicus  of  Lower  California 

1.  Elytra  blue  witli  reddish  or  yellow  humeral  and  post-median  markings 2 

— Elytra  with  upper  surface  uniformly  blue linsleyl 

2.  Elytra  with  post-median  fascia  attaining  suture,  sutural  vitta  broadly  expanded  at 

base    fissipes 

— Elytral  with  post-median  fascia  interrupted  before  suture,  sutural  vitta  broad  and 
parallel  at  base humeralis 

Aulicus  nero  Spinola 

Aulicus  nero  Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  1:330;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci., 
(2)4:331;  Schenkling,  1902,  Bull.  Mus.  Paris,  7:325;  Linsley,  1936,  Univ.  Calif. 
Pub.  Ent.,  6 (9): 254. 

This  species  has  been  recorded  from  Lower  California  by  Horn  and  others. 
However,  its  occurrence  in  this  region  was  based  on  incorrectly  determined 
material.  What  Horn  called  A.  nero  was  probably  either  A.  fissipes  or  A. 
humeralis  Linsley.  As  pointed  out  by  Linsley,  A.  nero  has  caused  considerable 


510  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Skb. 

confusion  in  the  literature  as  a  result  of  Spinola's  describing  nero  and  figuring 
a  different  species  under  this  name  in  the  same  publication.  A.  nero  has  also 
been  erroneously  recorded  from  several  localities  in  the  southwestern  United 
States,  but  so  far  as  is  known,  occurs  only  in  Mexico. 

(32)  Aulicus  fissipes  Schaeffer 

Aulicus  -fissipes  Schaeffer,  1921,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  59:155^;  Linslej,  1936,  Univ.  Calif. 
Pub.  Ent.,  6(9):253. 

This  species  exhibits  a  remarkable  constancy  in  color  and  color  pattern  in 
the  seventeen  specimens  examined  from  Lower  California.  The  writer  has 
also  had  the  opportunity  of  studying  Schaeffer's  allotype  from  San  Jose  del 
Cabo,  which  differs  slightly  from  the  Ross-Bohart  material  in  that  the  reddish 
elytral  markings  have  apparently  faded  to  a  yellow  color.  A.  humeralis  is  the 
only  other  species  on  the  peninsula  which  could  be  confused  with  A.  fissipes. 
However,  the  post-median  fascia  on  the  elytra  of  fissipes  is  not  interrupted 
before  the  suture  as  in  humeralis.  All  specimens  of  fissipes  have  a  definite 
greenish  tinge  to  the  elytra,  while  the  elytra  of  humeralis  are  distinctly  blue 
or  violaceous. 

Type  locality :  Tucson,  Arizona\ 

Recorded  distribution  :  Arizona^;  Lower  California :  San  Jose  del  Cabo\ 

New  records:  Lower  California:  Todos  Santos,  October  10,  1941,  (R&B)  ; 
Canipole,  October  2,  1941,  (R&B);  San  Pedro,  October  7,  1941,  (R&B); 
Pescadero,  October  8,  1941,  (R&B) ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  October  3, 
1941,  (R&B) ;  San  Venancio,  October  8, 1941,  (R&B). 

(33)  Aulicus  humeralis  Linsley 

Aulicus  humeralis  Linsley,  1936,  Univ.  Calif.  Pub.  Ent.,  6(9)  :152\ 

In  contrast  to  the  previous  species,  A.  humeralis  does  show  some  variation 
in  color  and  size  in  the  material  examined.  The  extent  of  the  elytral  markings 
on  several  specimens  is  markedly  reduced,  this  is  especially  true  of  the  post- 
median  fascia  which  takes  the  form  of  rather  small  to  large  rounded  spots. 
Further  variation  is  observed  in  the  color  of  these  elytral  markings,  which 
are  yellow  in  the  majority  of  specimens,  but  decidedly  reddish  in  several 
examples.  The  elytra  of  one  specimen  are  of  a  distinct  violaceous  color  instead 
of  the  usual  metallic  blue.  Twelve  specimens  range  from  5.25  mm.  to  9.5  mm. 
in  length.  This  and  the  other  species  of  Lower  California  Aulicus  appear  to 
be  fall  forms  in  contrast  to  the  members  of  this  genus  occurring  in  California 
which  are  taken  principally  in  the  spring. 

Type  locality :  Sierra  El  Chinche,  Lower  Califomia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Lower  California:  Sierra  El  Chinche^;  Gulf  of 
California :  Santa  Inez  Island\ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  15  miles  south  of  San  Domingo,  October 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLERIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  511 

4,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  10  miles  northwest  of  La  Paz,  October  6,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  San 
Pedro,  October  7, 1941,  (R&B)  ;  five  miles  west  of  San  Bartolo,  July  13,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  Pescadero,  October  8,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  eight  miles  northeast  of  Cape 
San  Lucas,  July  10,  1938,  (M&R). 

(34)  Aulicus  linsleyi  Barr,  new  species 

Male:  Medium  size,  rather  feebly  shining.  Head  black,  densely,  rather 
coarsely  punctured  with  a  small,  median,  nearly  smooth  area  on  vertex, 
moderately  clothed  with  long,  erect  white  hairs;  antennae  reddish;  palpi 
piceous.  Thorax  with  pronotum  broader  than  long,  black,  shining,  coarsely 
sparsely  punctured  on  disk,  more  densely  towards  sides,  moderately  clothed 
with  long,  erect  white  hairs,  lateral  margins  moderately  arcuate,  anterior 
constriction  distinct  at  sides,  nearly  smooth  on  disk,  posterior  constriction 
distinct ;  undersurf ace  black,  finely,  densely  punctured,  moderately  clothed 
with  long,  semi-recumbent  white  hairs.  Elytra  metallic  blue  with  slight  viola- 
ceous tinge ;  humeri  slightly  reddish  with  small,  round  black  spot ;  epipleura 
reddish ;  surface  coarsely,  densely  punctured,  reticulate,  moderately  clothed 
with  short,  semi-erect  whitish  hairs,  sparsely  intermixed  with  longer,  erect 
whitish  hairs.  Legs  black ;  tarsi  piceous ;  inner  claw  of  anterior  tarsus  cleft ; 
claws  of  middle  and  hind  tarsi  simple.  Abdomen  reddish,  sparsely  punctured 
and  pubescent;  fifth  sternite  broadly  and  deeply  emarginate  at  apex;  sixth 
sternite  shallowly  emarginate  at  apex ;  sixth  tergite  narrowl}^  rounded  and 
broadly  notched  at  apex.  Length:  5.75  mm. 

Holotype,  male  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5708)  from  20  miles  north  of  Comondu, 
October  3,  1941;  one  male  paratype  from  Canipole,  October  2,  1941,  and  a 
somewhat  damaged  female  paratype  from  San  Pedro,  October  7,  1941.  All 
specimens  Avere  collected  by  Ross  and  Bohart.  This  species  is  named  after 
Dr.  E.  G.  Linsley  as  a  slight  tribute  to  the  generous  and  valuable  assistance 
he  has  offered  the  writer  during  this  and  other  studies. 

The  female  specimen  differs  from  the  male  in  that  the  antennae  are  pale 
piceous  in  color ;  all  tarsal  claws  are  simple  and  the  abdomen  is  black  with 
the  lateral  and  posterior  margins  of  the  sternites  very  faintly  reddish,  the 
fifth  sternite  is  not  as  deeply  emarginate  at  the  apex  as  that  of  the  male,  the 
sixth  sternite  is  broadly  rounded  at  the  apex  and  the  sixth  tergite  is  narrowly 
rounded  at  the  apex. 

A.  linsleyi  appears  to  be  most  closely  allied  to  A.  humeralis  and  may  be 
separated  by  the  absence  of  basal  and  post-median  reddish  or  yellow  spots  or 
fasciae.  This  species  is  so  strikingly  distinct  from  any  Aidicus  known  at 
present  in  our  fauna,  that  it  seems  desirable  to  give  it  a  name  at  this  time. 

This  is  probably  the  form  which  was  discussed  by  Schenkling  in  a  letter 
to  Wolcott*  and  was  referred  to  as  Aulicus  nero  Spinola. 

*  Wolcott,  A.  B.,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :365. 


512  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

Subfamily  ENOPLIINAE 

Key  to  Genera  of  Enopliinae  of  Lower  California 

1.  Sides  of  pronotum  evenly  rounded;  elytra  without  coarse,  deep,  sparsely  placed  punc- 

tures     2 

— Sides  of  pronotum  angulate  and  constricted  posteriorly;   elytra  with  basal  half  very 
coarsely  and  sparsely  punctured,  punctures  deep  and  round Corinthiscus 

2.  Elongate ;  eyes  coarsely  granulate Orthopleura 

— Eobust ;  eyes  finely  granulate Pelonides 

Genus  Corinthiscus 

(35)  Corinthiscus  peninsularis  (Schaeffer) 

Cregya  peninsularis  Schaeffer,  1917,  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  25(2)  :132\ 
Corinthiscus  peninsularis,  Leng,  1920,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  p.  151. 
Cregya  vetusta,  Horn,  1895,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)5:2282. 

Corinthiscus  sinaloae  Chapin,  1920,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Washington,  22(3)  :53^,   (new  syn- 
onymy). 

The  only  specimens  of  this  species  seen  were  six  examples  from  Santa  Rosa 
which  included  two  of  Schaeffer's  paratypes.  Presumably  all  of  these  speci- 
mens were  collected  by  Beyer  and  are  quite  uniform  in  size  and  coloration. 
Horn  records  from  San  Jose  del  Cabo,  Cregya  vetusta  (Spinola)  which  is  a 
synonym  of  the  North  American  species,  Corinthiscus  leucophaeum  (King). 
This  undoubtedly  is  the  species  that  Schaeffer  described  some  years  later  as 
Cregya  peninsularis  which  is  now  in  the  genus  Corinthiscus.  This  is  the  only 
member  of  this  genus  occurring  in  Lower  California.  It  is  separated  from  C. 
leucophaeum  by  the  narrow,  strongly  undulated  black  fasciae  which  border 
the  broad,  brownish  subapical  fascia  and  by  the  yellowish-white  apex  of 
the  elytra. 

The  new  synonymy  is  proposed  after  studying  one  of  Chapin's  paratypes 
of  C.  sinaloae,  no  specific  differences  could  be  found  between  this  and  C.  penin- 
sularis (Schaeffer).  Thanks  are  here  extended  to  Dr.  Chapin  for  allowing 
the  writer  to  study  his  material  and  establish  this  synonymy. 

Type  locality:  Santa  Rosa,  Lower  Calif omia\ 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Santa  Rosa\  San  Jose  del  Cabo^ ; 

Mexico^ 

Genus  Orthopleura 

Key  to  Species  of  Orthopleura  of  Lower  California 

1.  Pronotum  reddish ;  elytra  black,  with  or  without  a  pale,  narrow  median  fascia .  damicornis 

— Pronotum  brown  to  piceous,  at  most  the  anterior  margin  reddish ;  elytra  brown  to  piceous 

with  a  faintly  indicated,  pale,  narrow  median  fascia texana 

(36)  Orthopleura  damicornis  (Fabricius) 

Tillus  damicornis  Fabricius,  1798,  Ent.  Syst.,  Supp.  1,  p.  117^;  1801,  Syst.  Eleuth.,  1:282. 
Enoplium  damicorne,  Dejean,  1837,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  3  ed.,  p.  128;  LeConte,  1849,  Ann,  Lye. 

Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:33. 
Orthopleura  damicornis,  Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  2:80;  Chevrolat,  1874,  Kev.  Mag. 

ZooL,  p.  328;  Horn,  1875,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:149;  Gorham,  1883,  Biol.  Centr.- 


Vol.  XXIV]  BARB:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  513 

Amer.,  Coleopt.,  3(2):1852;   1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  3(2):345^;   Horn, 

1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:331*;  Wickham,  1895,  Can.  Ent.,  27(8)  :252^; 

Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :395«;  Chapin,  1920,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc. 

Washington,  22(3)  :53;  Wolcott,  1943,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  19(4)  :137. 
Enoplium  thoracicum  Say,  1823,  Journ.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  3  :188. 
Pelonium  pennsylvanicum  Chevrolat,  1874,  Eev.  Mag.  Zool.,  p.  325'^;  Horn,  1875,  Trans. 

Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:149;  Gorham,  1886,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  3(2)  :345. 

No  specimens  of  0.  damicornis  have  been  seen  from  Lower  California,  its 
recorded  occurrence  in  this  region  being  based  on  Horn's  report  of  its  capture 
at  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  Since  there  has  been  considerable  confusion  as  to  the 
identity  of  certain  species  in  this  genus,  this  may  be  an  erroneous  record. 

Type  locality :  "America  Boreali"\ 

Kecorded  distribution :  Canada :  Quebec^  Ontario^ ;  United  States  :  Texas*'^ 
to  Florida^  to  Pennsylvania''*''^  to  Michigan"  to  Missouri*' ;  Lower  California : 
San  Jose  del  Cabo* ;  Mexico''^' ;  West  Indies :  Cuba". 

(37)  Orthopleura  texana  Bland 

Orthopleura  texana  Bland,  1863,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1:356%-  Wolcott,  1910,  Pub.  Field 
Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  7(10)  :394";  Chapin,  1920,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Washington,  22(3)  : 53; 
Wolcott,  1943,  Pan-Pac.  Ent.,  19(4)  :136. 

Orthopleura  damicornis,  var.  texana,  Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1:317^. 

This  is  the  first  record  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Lower  California. 
Sixteen  specimens  have  been  examined  and  they  show  a  rather  wide  range  of 
variation,  which  seems  to  be  rather  typical  of  this  genus.  The  color  varies 
from  a  light  brown  to  piceous  and  the  median  fascia  may  or  may  not  be 
present.  The  color  of  the  pubescence  in  some  specimens  is  dark  and  in  others 
it  is  pale. 

0.  texana  is  easily  separated  from  0.  damicornis,  the  only  other  species  of 
this  genus  recorded  from  Lower  California,  by  the  nearly  uniformly  colored 
pronotum  and  elytra,  damicornis  has  a  reddish  pronotum  and  black  elytra. 

Type  locality :  ''Western  Texas'". 

Recorded  distribution:  Washington,  D.C.^;  Texas^'l 

New  records :  Lower  California :  25  miles  south  of  Santa  Rosalia,  July  25, 
1938,  (M&R)  ;  20  miles  north  of  Comondu,  July  23,  1938,  (M&R)  ;  five  miles 
south  of  San  Miguel,  July  20,  1938,  (M&R) ;  San  Domingo,  July  19,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  Miraflores,  July  29,  1919,  (J.  R.  Slevin). 

Genus  Pelonides 
(38)  Pelonides  scabripennis  (LeConte) 

Enoplium  scdbripenne  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  (167)  :98\ 
Pelonides  scabripennis,  Leng,  1920,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  p.  151. 

Small,  rather  robust;  reddish  orange;  antennae  black;  elytra  black  with 
a  rather  narrow  reddish-orange  stripe  along  lateral  margins  of  basal  half, 
apices  reddish-orange  in  female;  body  rather  sparsely  clothed  with  short, 


514  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

erect  black  hairs.  Head  rather  coarsely,  densely  punctured ;  slightly  impressed 
between  eyes;  antennal  club  of  male  longer,  with  lateral  processes  more  elon- 
gate than  that  of  female.  Prothorax  rather  finely  and  densely  punctured. 
Elytra  rather  coarsely  scabrous;  humeri  nearly  smooth;  apices  separately 
rounded.  Legs  black  with  basal  half  of  femora  orange,  conspicuously  clothed 
with  rather  long  pale  hairs.  Length:  5  mm.  to  5.5  mm. 
Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  Calif  ornia\ 
Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California :  Cape  San  Lucas\ 
New  records :  Lower  California :  20  miles  south  of  El  Arco,  September  28, 
1941,  (R&B) ;  15  miles  south  of  San  Domingo,  October  4,  1941,  (R&B). 

This  species  was  described  from  a  single  female  and  apparently  has  been 
known  only  from  this  unique  type.  A  male  and  a  female  were  collected  by 
Ross  and  Bohart  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  reddish-orange  spot  at 
the  apex  of  each  elytron  is  lacking  in  the  male.  The  male  further  differs  from 
the  female  in  that  the  antennal  club  is  longer  and  the  lateral  process  of  each 
segment  is  more  elongate. 

Subfamily  KORYNETINAE 

Key  to  Genera  of  Korynetinae  of  Lower,  California 

1.  Last  segment  of  labial  palpi  usually  distinctly  triangular,  broader  at  apex  than  at  base ; 

antennal  club  loose 2 

— Last  segment  of  labial  palpi  cylindrical  or  broader  at  base  than  at  apex;  antennal  club 
compact   Necrobia 

2.  Robust;  elytra  without  median  fascia;  first  tarsal  segment  equal  in  length  to  second 

Loedelia 
— Slender ;  elytra  with  median  fascia ;  first  tarsal  segment  small,  hidden  by  second 

Tarsostenus 
Genus  Loedelia 

Key  to  Species  of  Loedeia  of  Lower  California 

1.  Last  segment  of  maxillary  palpus  triangular ;  tarsal  claws  cleft 2 

— Last  segment  of  maxillary  palpus  elongate;  tarsal  claws  lobed  at  base janthina 

2.  Elytra  metallic  blue,  coarsely  and   densely   punctured,  punctures  distinct ;    legs  and 

abdomen  black maculicollis 

— Elytra  blue-black,  coarsely  and  densely  punctured,  punctures  shallow,  rather  indistinct ; 
legs  and  abdomen  rufous peninsularis 

(39)  Loedelia  maculicollis  (LeConte) 

Lebasiella  maculicollis  LeConte,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:63\ 

Corynetes  maculicollis,  Leng,  1920,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  p.  152. 

Loedelia  maculicollis,  Wolcott,  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :88. 

Pelonium  lineatocolle  Chevrolat,  1874,  Eev.  Mag.  Zool.,  p.  326^;  Horn,  1875,  Trans.  Am. 

Ent.  Soc,  5:149. 
Pelonium  filiolus  Chevrolat,  1874,  Eev.  Mag.  Zool.,  p.  326^;  Horn,  1875,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 

Soc,  5:149. 
Corynetes  maculicollis,  var.  nigricollis  Wolcott,  1927,  Coleopt.  Contr.,  1(1):  110*. 

This  is  the  first  record  of  the  occurrence  of  this  well-known  California 
species  in  Lower  California.  Six  specimens  were  collected  by  Michelbacher 


Vol.  XXIV]  BARE:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  515 

and  Ross  in  the  northern  part  of  the  peninsula  and  these  are  quite  similar  in 
coloration  to  California  specimens.  The  black  discal  spot  on  the  pronotum  is 
rather  variable  in  size  in  this  species.  However,  no  intergradation  towards  the 
variety  nigricollis  Wolcott,  which  was  described  from  San  Diego  County, 
California,  has  been  observed  in  the  Lower  California  specimens. 

Type  locality :  Mariposa,  Calif  omia\ 

Recorded  distribution:  California'"^'*. 

New  records :  Lower  California :  Five  miles  south  of  Onyx,  June  19,  1938, 
(M&R)  ;  Chapala  Dry  Lake,  June  21,  1938,  (M&R). 

(40)  Loedelia  peninsularis  Barr,  new  species 

Female:  Small,  rather  robust;  feebly  shining.  Head  black,  lower  half  of 
front  and  undersurf ace  rufous ;  surface  finely,  rather  sparsely  punctured, 
sparsely  clothed  with  short,  erect,  black  hairs,  slightly  roughened  just  above 
rufous  area  at  middle,  lower  half  of  front  with  a  few  scattered  punctures ; 
antennae  black,  four  basal  segments  rufous.  Pronotum  black,  anterio-lateral 
angles  rufous;  surface  finel}^,  sparsely  punctured,  roughened  near  lateral 
margins,  rather  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  erect  black  hairs.  Elytra  blue- 
black,  wider  than  pronotum ;  sides  widest  behind  middle ;  apices  separately 
and  rather  narrowly  rounded ;  surface  coarsely,  densely  punctured,  punc- 
tures shallow,  rather  indistinct,  becoming  more  or  less  roughened  at  apex, 
rather  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  erect  black  hairs.  Legs  rufous,  apices  of 
femora  and  bases  of  tibiae  dark;  tarsi  black,  tarsal  claws  cleft  at  base.  Ab- 
domen rufous,  segments  one  to  four  with  a  transverse  black  cloud ;  surface 
finely,  sparsely  punctured  and  pubescent.  Length :  5  mm. 

Holotype,  female  (C.  A.  S.,  No.  5709)  from  Mesquital,  June  23,  1938,  col- 
lected by  Michelbacher  and  Ross. 

This  species  most  closely  resembles  L.  maculicollis  var.  nigricollis  Wolcott 
from  which  it  may  be  separated  by  having  the  abdomen  and  legs  rufous  and 
the  elytra  blue-black  with  indistinct,  coarse  shallow  punctures.  In  addition 
to  these  differences,  L.  peninsularis  may  be  further  separated  from  typical 
maculicollis  in  that  it  lacks  reddish  markings  on  the  surface  of  the  pronotum. 

(41)  Loedelia  janthina  (LeConte) 

Lelasiella  janthina  LeConte,  1866,  Smiths.  Misc.  Coll.,  (167)  :99i;  Horn,  1894,  Proc.  Calif. 

Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:33P. 
Pelonides  janthina,  Leng,  1920,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  p.  151. 
Loedelin  janthina,  Wolcott,  1947,  Fieldiana:  Zoology,  32(2)  :88. 

Short,  rather  robust ;  metallic  blue ;  feebly  shining.  Head  finely,  sparsely 
punctured,  very  slightly  roughened,  sparsely  clothed  with  short  black  hairs ; 
antennae  black,  first  four  segments  slightly  reddish,  club  longer  than  pre- 
ceding segments  in  male,  club  slightly  shorter  than  preceding  segments  in 
female.  Prothorax  finely,  sparsely  punctured,  more  densely  toward  the  lateral 
margins,  rather  densely  clothed  with  short,  erect  black  hairs.  Elytra  coarsely, 


516  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  Ser. 

densely  punctured,  rather  sparsely  clothed  with  short,  erect  black  hairs; 
humeri  nearly  smooth;  apices  nearly  conjointly  rounded.  Legs  blue;  tarsi 
somewhat  piceous,  tarsal  claws  lobed  at  base.  Length:  3.75  mm.  to  5  mm. 

Type  locality :  Cape  San  Lucas,  Lower  California'. 

Recorded  distribution :  Lower  California  :  Cape  San  Lucas^ '^ 

New  records :  Lower  California :  15  miles  north  of  San  Ignacio,  September 
29,  1941,  (R&B)  ;  San  Jose  del  Cabo.  Gulf  of  California :  Marquer  Bay,  Car- 
men Island,  May  23, 1921,  (Van  Duzee)  ;  San  Jose  Island,  May  23, 1921,  (Van 
Duzee). 

L.  janthina  bears  a  superficial  resemblance  to  Aulicus  linsleyi  Barr  and 
Necrohia  rufipes  (Fab.),  but  can  readily  be  separated  by  the  antennal  struc- 
ture, elytral  punctuation  and  color  of  the  legs  and  undersurface.  From  L. 
maculicollis  and  L.  peninsular  is  it  may  be  most  easily  distinguished  by  the 
characters  given  in  the  key.  Four  specimens  have  been  studied  and  they  are 
all  quite  uniform  in  structure,  size  and  color. 

Apparently,  L.  janthina  has  been  known  only  from  female  specimens,  for 
no  paper  has  been  seen  which  makes  reference  to  the  antennal  structure  of 
the  male.  The  last  three  segments  of  the  antenna  of  the  male  are  strongly 
serrate  and  elongate,  together  being  at  least  as  long  as  those  segments  pre- 
ceding. The  last  three  segments  of  the  antenna  of  the  female,  together  are 
slightly  shorter  than  the  preceding  segments.  Because  of  the  antennal  struc- 
ture and  several  other  critical  characters,  the  writer  feels  that  L.  janthina  is 
not  congeneric  with  L.  maculicollis  and  L.  peninsularis.  In  fact  it  shows  some 
affinities  with  the  subfamily  Enopliinae  as  herein  defined.  Before  the  correct 
generic  assignment  of  this  species  can  be  made,  however,  a  reevaluation  of 
the  genera  of  the  Enopliinae  and  Korynetinae  will  be  necessary.  Since  a  study 
of  such  nature  is  not  possible  within  the  scope  of  this  paper  the  writer  is,  for 
the  present,  retaining  janthina  under  the  genus  Loedelia. 

Genus  Necrobia 
(42)  Necrobia  rufipes  (De  Geer) 

Clerus  rufipes  De  Geer,  1775,  Mem.  I'Hist.  Ins.,  1 :165\ 

Dermestes  rufipes,  Fabricius,  1781,  Spec.  Ins.,  1:65;  1887,  Mant.  Ins.,  1:35;  Eossi,  1792, 
Fauna  Etr.,  p.  33. 

Necrobia  rufipes,  Olivier,  1795,  Ent.,  Coleopt.,  4(76)  :5;  Latreille,  1804,  Hist.  Nat.,  9:156; 
Stephens,  1830,  Illust.  Brit.  Ent.,  Mand.,  3:327;  1839,  Man.  Brit.  Coleopt.,  p.  198; 
Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  2:101;  Gorham,  1893,  Biol.  Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt., 
3(2)  :193;  Wickham,  1895,  Can.  Ent.,  27:252;  Chapin,  1924,  Philippine  Journ.  Sci., 
25(2)  :281;  Blaisdell,  1925,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)14:324^;  Corporaal,  1937, 
Occ.  Pap.  Bishop  Mus.,  13(3)  :  17;  1942,  Beitraege  Fauna  Perus,  2(13)  :147. 

Corynetes  rufipes,  Fabricius,  1801,  Syst.  Eleuth.,  1:286;  Schonherr,  1808,  Syn.  Ins.,  2:51; 
Dejean,  1837,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  3  ed.,  p.  127;  Klug,  1842,  Clerii,  p.  350;  LeConte,  1849, 
Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:34;  Kiesenwetter,  1863,  Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl., 
Coleopt.,  4:693;  Horn,  1876,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  5:199-;  1894,  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  (2)4:331*. 

Tenehrio  dermestoides  Filler  and  Mitterpacker,  1783,  Iter  Poseg.  Sclav.,  p.  68. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BABE:  CLEEIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  517 

Corynetes  glabra  Champollion,  1814,  Mag.  Encycl.,  Millin,  3:41;   Gorham,  1878,  Trans. 

Ent.  Soe.  London,  p.  159;  Schenkling,  1902,  Bull.  Mus.  Paris,  8:332;  Alluaud,  1908, 

Bull.  Ent.  Soc,  Egypt,  1:3. 
Corynetes  glaber,  Lacordaire,  1857,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  4:491. 
NecroUa  amethystina  Stephens,  1832,  Illust.  Brit.  Ent.,  Mand.,  5:417;  1839,  Man.  Brit. 

Coleopt.,  p.  198;  Klug,  1842,  Clerii,  p.  394. 
Necrobia  mumarium  Hope,  1834,  Pettigrew's  Hist.  Egj-pt.  Mummies,  p.  54;  Lacordaire, 

1857,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  4:491;   SchenkUng,  1902,  Bull.  Mus.  Paris,  8:332;  Alluaud, 

1908,  Bull.  Ent.  Soc.  Egypt,  1:4. 
Necrobia  pilifera  Eeitter,  1894,  Nat.  Ver.  Briinn  Verb.,  (1893)32:85;  1894,  Best.-Tab., 

p.  52;  Abielle,  1895,  Bull.  Ent.  Soc.  France,  p.  208;  Stolz,  1926,  Koleopt.  Not.  I, 

12(1)  :28. 
Necrobia  foveicollis  Schenkling,  1900,  Naturhist.  Mus.  Hambur,  Mitteil.,  17:20. 
Necrobia  pilifera  var.  aeneipennis  Csiki,  1900,  Eovart.  Lapok,  7:124;  Gorham,  1883,  Bio. 

Centr.-Amer.,  Coleopt.,  3(2)  :193;  Schenkling,  1906,  Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschr.,  1:319. 
Necrobia  pilifera  var.  aipreonitens  Lauffer,  1905,  Eeal  Soc.  Espan.  Hist.  Nat.,  5:406. 

This  cosmopolitan  species  is  probably  one  of  the  most  widespread  and 
common  species  of  Cleridae  known.  It  is  not  particularly  abundant  in  Lower 
California.  Neither  of  the  locality  records  for  this  region  is  from  the  main- 
land, but  from  Guadalupe  Island,  which  is  located  off  the  western  coast  of 
the  peninsula.  N.  rufipes  should  be  found  along  the  coastal  areas  of  Lower 
California  near  the  villages  and  towns.  It  is  a  very  distinct  species,  easily 
recognized  by  its  metallic  blue  body  and  rufous  legs.  The  body  often  takes 
on  a  decided  metallic  green  luster. 

Type  locality :  "Suriname"\ 

Recorded  distribution:  Cosmopolitan;  Lower  California*;  Guadalupe 
Island"'^. 

New  records:  Lower  California:  San  Felipe,  June  1939,  (Ross)  ;  Cedros 
Island,  June  3,  1925,  (H.  H.  Keifer). 

Genus  Tarsostenus 
(43)  Tarsostenus  univittatus  (Rossi) 

Clerus  univittatus  Eossi,  1792,  Faun.  Etr,,  p.  4P;  Lacordaire,  1857,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  4:452. 

Notoxus  univittatus,  Dejean,  1837,  Cat.  Coleopt.,  p.  126. 

Opilus  univittatus,  Stephens,  1839,  Man.  Brit.  Coleopt.,  p.  197;  Klug,  1842,  Clerii,  p.  321. 

Tarsostenus  univittatus,  Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  1:288;  Jacq.  du  Val,  1861,  Gen. 
Coleopt.  d'Eur.,  3:198;  Chenu,  1870,  Encycl.  d'Hist.  Nat.,  Coleopt.,  2:254;  Gorham, 
1876,  Cist.  Ent.,  2:64;  LeConte,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  25:334;  Lewis, 
1892,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  (6)10:188;  Houlbert  and  Betis,  1905,  Trav.  Sci.  Univ. 
Kennes,  4:131;  Chapin,  1924,  Philippine  Journ.  Sci.,  25(2)  :278;  Corporaal,  1937, 
Occ.  Pap.  Bishop  Mus.,  13(3)  :  16;  1942,  Beitraege  Fauna  Perus,  2(13)  :146. 

Opilus  fasciatus  Curtis,  1832,  Brit.  Ent.,  6  :pl.  270;  Stephens,  1830,  Illust.  Brit.  Ent.,  Mand., 
3:324;  1829,  Syst.  Cat.  Brit.  Ins.,  1:138. 

Tillus  succinctus  Chevrolat,  1842,  Eev.  Zool.  Soc.  Cuv.,  p.  277;  Lacordaire,  1857,  Gen. 
Coleopt.,  4:452. 

Dupontiella  fasciatella  Spinola,  1844,  Monog.  Clerites,  2:172;  Chevrolat,  1874,  Eev.  Mag. 
Zool.,  p.  283 ;  Gorham,  1876,  Cist.  Ent.,  2 :64. 

Opilus  albofasciatus  Melsheimer,  1846,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  (1844-1845)2:306; 
Lacordaire,  1857,  Gen.  Coleopt.,  4:452. 


518  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  [Proc.  4th  See. 

Tarsostemts  albofasciatus,  LeConte,  1849,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist.  New  York,  5:17. 
Notoxus  maerens  Westwood,  1849,  White's  Nomen.  Coleopt.  Ins.,  Cleridae,  (4)  :57. 
Notoxus  moerens  Westwood,  1852,  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  Lond.,  p.  50;  Chevrolat,  1874,  Rev.  Mag. 

Zool.,  p.  285;  Blackburn,  1900,  Trans.  Eoy.  Soc.  So.  Australia,  24:136. 
Tillus  picipennis  Westwood,  1849,  White's  Nomen.  Coleopt.  Inst.  Brit.  Mus.,  Cleridae, 

(4)  :57;  LeConte,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  25:334. 
Tarsostenus  higuttatus  Montrouzeri,  1860,  Ann.  Ent.  Soc.  France,  (3)8:260;  Pauvel,  1875, 

Bull.  Ent.  Soc.  France,  (50)  :91. 
Opilus  incertus  Macleaj,  1872,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  New  South  Wales,  2:269;  Elston,  1922, 

Australian  Coleopt.,  Ill,  46:315. 

T.  univittatus  is  cosmopolitan  to  the  extent  that  it  follows  the  range  of 
the  coleopterous  genus  Lyctiis,  on  which  it  is  predaceous.  This  species  is 
probably  locally  abundant  on  the  peninsula  and  is  recorded  from  Lower 
California  for  the  first  time  on  the  basis  of  a  single  specimen  in  the  University 
of  California  collection,  labeled  "L.  Cal."  It  seems  that  the  genus  Tarsostenus 
contains  but  this  single  species,  which  offers  no  difficulty  in  identification. 

Type  locality :  Italy\ 

Kecorded  distribution  :  Cosmopolitan  in  the  tropical  and  temperate  regions 
of  the  world. 

New  records :  Lower  California. 


Vol.  XXIV]  BARE:  CLERIDAE  OF  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  519 

SELECTED  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Blackwelder,  Eichaed  E. 

1945.  Checklist  of  the  coleopterous  insects  of  Mexico,  Central  America,  the  West  Indies, 
and  South  America,  Part  3.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  Bui.  185,  pp.  343-550. 

Blaisdell,  F.  E. 

1925.  Expedition  to  Guadalupe  Island,  Mexico,  in  1922.  The  Coleoptera.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad. 
Sci.,  (4)14:321-343. 

Fall,  H.  C. 

1901.  List  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Southern  California.  Occ.  Pap.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  8:1-282. 

GORHAM,  H.  S. 

1880-1886,  Malacodermata,   Biol.   Centr.-Amer.,   Insecta,   Coleoptera,   3(2):  1-372,  pis. 
1-13. 

Horn,  G.  H. 

1876.  Notes  on  the  coleopterous  fauna  of  Guadalupe  Island.  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  5:199. 

Horn,  G.  H. 

1894.  The  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)4:302-449,  pis.  7-8. 

Horn,  G.  H. 

1895.  Coleoptera  of  Baja  California  (Supplement  I).  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (2)5:225- 
259,  pi.  20. 

LeConte,  J.  L. 

1861.  Notes  on  the  coleopterous  fauna  of  Lower  California.  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila. 
(1862)13:335-338. 

LeConte,  J.  L. 

1866.  New  Species  of  North  American  Coleoptera,  Part  I.  Smithson.  Misc.  Coll.,  (167)  : 
87-168. 

Linsley,  E.  G. 

1942.  Contributions  toward  a  knov.iedge  of  the  insect  fauna  of  Lower  California,  Coleop- 
tera: Cerambycidae.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)24(2)  :21-96,  pis.  4-5. 

Leng,  C.  W. 

1920.  Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  America,  north  of  Mexico.  470  pp.  Mt.  Vernon,  N.Y. 
(Suppl.  I,  1927,  72  pp.)   (Suppl.  II-III,  1933,  112  pp.)  (Suppl.  IV,  1939,  146  pp.) 

Michelbacher,  a.  E.,  and  E.  S.  Ross. 

1942.  Contributions  toward  a  knowledge  of  the  insect  fauna  of  Lower  California,  intro- 
ductory account.  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sci.,  (4)24(1)  :l-20,  pis.  1-3. 

Van  Dyke,  E.  C. 

1933.  Peculiarities  of  the  coleopterous  fauna  of  semiarid  southwestern  North  America. 
Fifth  Congress  Inter.  Ent.,  pp.  471-477. 

Wolcott,  a.  B. 

1947.  Catalogue  of  North  American  beetles  of  the  family  Cleridae.  Fieldiana :  Zoology, 
32(2):61-105. 


INDEX  TO  VOLUME  XXIV 

FOURTH  SERIES 

New  names  in  bold-face  type 


abnorme  laticolle,  Metoponium,  172,  276 

278 
absoletus,  Emmenidus,  182,  276,  278 
Acacia,  33,  34,  55,  59,  117,  119 
constricta,  106 

farnesiana,  125 

greggil,  62,  98 
Acanthaclisis  congener,  148 

f  allax,  148 

hageni,  148 

hespera,  148 
Acanthoderes  peninsularis,  74,  84 

socorroensis,  84 

wickliami,  75 
acer,  Culex,  170 
Achryson  circuniflexum,  33 

Surinam,  33 

surinamensis,  33 

surinamum,  33  » 

Acilius,  384,  386 

laticinctus,  418 

maculatus,  418 

ornaticollis,  415 
Acilius  (Thermonectus)  cinctatus,  418 

(Thermonectus)  incisus,  418 

(Thermonectus)  maculatus,  418 

(Thermonectus)  margineguttatus,  419 

(Thermonectus)  nigrofasciatus,  416 

(Thermonectus)  ornaticollis,  415 
Acmaeodera,  100, 107,  109 

acuta,  102 

angelica,  101 

bivulnera,  98 

clausa,   100 

comata,  99 

delumbis,  100 

f aceta,  106 

fenyesi,  101 

flavomarginata,  99 

flavosticta,  101 

gibbula,  100 

guttifera,  107 

hulli.  107 


humeralis,  109 


insignis,  109 

jaguriana,  107 

junki,  106, 107 

labyrinthica,  102 

larreae,  108 

lucana,  103-105 

nexa,  101 

opinabilis,  102,  105 

pinalorum,  107 

quadrivittata,  108 

rossi,  109 

rubescens,  104,  105 

sabinae,  105 

scapularis,  99 

squamosa,  106 

stigmata,  98,  105 

subbalteata,  102 

The  guttifera  group  of,  106,  107 

vanduzeei,  108 

varipilis,  106,  107 

versuta,  107 
Acmaeoderoides,  108 

insignis,  109 
Acmaeops  falsa,  52 
(Acmaeopsilla)  falsa,  Cortodera,  52 

falsa,  Leptacmaeops,  52 
acmon,  Lycaena,  304 

Plebeius,  304 

Plebejus,  304 
aeohuues,  Odynerus,  324 
Acoma,  337 

cazieri,  341 

confusa,  343 

dilemma,  342 

robusta,  341,  342 

rossi,  342 

sexfoliata,  342 
aconita,  Pyrgus,  306 
acroleuca  cephise,  Lymnas,  299 

Lymnas,  299 
acuminata,  Chrysobothris,  122 
acuta,  Acmaeodera,  102 
acuticauda,  Eleodes,  248,  280 
acitipennis,  Chrysobothris,  122 


[521] 


)22 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES  [  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


Acyphoderes,  54 
delicata,  54 
delicatus,  54 
addendus  addendus,  Deronectes,  398 
Agrilis,  125;  i.e.,  Agrilus  as  below 
Agrilus,  125 

Deronectes,  376,  397,  398,  463 
Deronectes  addendus,  398 
Hydroporus,  397,  398 
piiiguis,  Deronectes,  398 
Adelina  plana,  270 
Adepliaga,  subgenus,  380 
Adetus  vanduzeei,  82 
adjutrix,  Pyrgus,  306 
adumbrata,  Eleodes,  249,  27o,  280 
adumbratus,  Hydroporus,  390 
Aedes,162, 167 

aegypti,  161,  167 
argenteus,  168 
atropalpus,  166 
calopus,  168 
epactius,  166 
epinolus,  165 

f asciata  var.  atritarsis,  168 
fasciatus,  168 
niger,  165 
perichares,  166 
taeniorhynclius,  165 
Aedes  (Finalia)  atropalpus,  166 
(Kompia)  purpureipes,  167 
(Ochlerotatus)  taeniorhynehus,  165 
(Stegomyia)  aegypti,  167 
aegrotus,  Asida  (Pelecyphorus),  225 

Pelecyphoms,  225,  280 
aegypti,  Aedes,  161,  167 

Culex,  167 
aeneipennis,  Necrobia  pilifera  var.,  517 
aeneogaster,  Anthaxia,  115 
aeneus,  Hydrophilus,  446 
aequalis,  Argoporis,  232,  277,  280 
affiliatus,  Clerus,  506 
affine,  Eremoleon,  155 
affinis  complex,  Bidessus,  390,  393,  463 
Culex,  168 
Hydrophilus,  450 
Hydroporus,  390 
Tropisternus,  443 
(Agabini),386 
Agabus,  386,  406-408,  463 
lugens,  407 
lutosus,  407 
regularis,  406,  407,  463 


agarithe,  Callidryas,  292 
Catopsilia,  292 
Colias,  292 
Phoebis,  292 
Agave,  8 

agilis,  Tropisternus,  439 
Agraulis  vanillae,  296 
Agrilis  addendus,  125;  i.e.,  Agrilus 
felix,  124;  i.e.,  Agrilus 
lacustris,  125;  i.e.,  Agrilus 
palmacollis,  125 ;  i.e.,  Agrilus 
Agrilus,  123-125 
addendus,  125 
felix,  124 
ineptus,  123 
inliabilis,  123 
lacustris,  125 
lucanus,  127 
niveiventris,  124 
palmacollis,  125 
peninsularis,  126 
aidea,  Anaea,  299 

Nymphalis  (Thymetes),  299 
Aitken,  T.  H.  G.,  Diptera:  Culicidae, 

161-170 
(Alastor)  mexicanus,  Odynerus,  323 
Alastoroides,  322 
mexicanus,  322 
slevini,  323 
albescens,  Pyrgus,  306 

Pyrgus  communis,  306 
alboannulis,  Duttonia,  168 
albof  asciatus,  Chioides,  305 
Opilus,  517 
Tarsostenus,  518 
albolineatus,  Culex,  170 
albopalposus,  Culex,  168 
albovaria,  Puren,  146 
alee,  Lycaena,  304 

alexandrae-shingarevi.  Anopheles,  162 
Alnus,  69 

Alobates  subnitens,  272 
alpha,  Leiopus,  71,  72 
Alphitobius  piceus,  269,  281 
alternata  alternata,  Serica,  348 
exolita,  Serica,  348 
patruela,  Serica,  348 
Serica,  348 
Serica  alternata,  348 
alutacea,  Argoporis,  231,  280 
alutaceus,  Steriphanus,  187 

Steriphanus  subopacus,  187,  276,  279- 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


523 


amandus,  Bidessus,  377,  390,  392,  463 

Hydroporus,  392 
ambitiosa,  Comptessa,  135,  139 
Amblyscirtes  tolteca,  309 
Ambrosia,  74 

amethystina,  Necrobia,  517 
amisus,  Eudamus,  305 
Ammodonus  granosus,  263,  281 
Ammoxjborus  obscurus,  238,  280 
amnosus,  Blapstinus,  255,  276,  280 
Ampliidesmus  xanthomelas,  64 
Amphidora,  185 

nigropilosa,  252,  280 

subdeplanata,  252,  280 

teuebrosa,  252,  278,  280 
Amphizoidae,  375,  380 
amplipenne,  Prometopion,  196,  279 
amymone,  Cystineura,  297 

Mestra,  297 
Amynthia  swainsonia,  292 
amyntula,  EVeres,   304 

Lycaena,  304 
Anacaena,  425,  446,  464 

signaticollis,  447,  464 

stemalis,  378,  447,  448,  464 

suturalis,  448 
Anaea  aidea,  299 
Anartia  jatrophae,  298 
Ancistrocerus,  314 
ancora,  Hesperia,  308 
Ancyloxipha  aurantiaca,  308 
Aneae  morrisonii,  299 
Aneflomorpha,  39 

australis,  37 

duncani,  38 

imbellis,  37 

leugi,  38 

rosaliae,  38 

seminuda,  39 

texana,  39 
Aneflus,  41 

calvatus,  37 

cochisensis,  36 

fisheri,  36 

prolixus,  36 

protensus,  36 

volitans,  39 
Anelaplms,  41,  83 

brevidens,  40 

inerme,  83 

michelbacheri,  42,  43 

moestus,  42 


punctatus,  41 

subdepressus,  41 

submoestus,  42,  43 

truncatus,  87 
Anepsius  angulatus,  218,  279 

confluens,  218,  276,  277,  279 

delicatulus,217,  279 
Anepsyra,  39 

grandicolle,  40 

volitans,  39,  40 
angelica,  Acmaeodera,  101 
angelicum,  Metoponium,  174,  278 
angelicus,  Echocerus,  266,  278,  281,  283 
angularis,  Cryptoglossa,  223,  280 
angulatus,  Anepsius,  218,  279 

Cryptadius,  181,  276,  279 
angustata,  Celina,  394,  463 
angustatus,  Cerenopus,  236,  280 
anguste-alatus,  Culex,  168 
angustum,  Mallodon,  85 

Platydema,  267 
angustus,  Cynaeus,  267,  281 

Mycotrogus,  269 
anisonychus,  Eantus,  408,  409,  463 

Ehantus,  409 
annulatum  var.  peninsulare,  Tragidion,  60 

Ehynchium,  319 

Eygchium,  319 

Tragidion,  60 
annulatus,  Odynerus,  319 
annulitarsis,  Culex,  168 
Anomala,  355 

centralis,  354 

flavilla,  353,  354 

flavilla  centralis,  354,  355 

peninsularis,  353 

raydoma,  354,  355 
Anopheles  alexandrae-shingarevi,  162 

boydi,  164, 165 

claviger  var.  basilei,  162 

franciscanus,  161,  164 

freeborni,  162 

maculipennis,  161,  162 

maculipennis  freeborni,  162 

maculipennis  occidentalis,  163 

maculipennis  var.  typicus,  162 

occidentalis,  162,  163 

peruvianus,  163 

pseudopunctipennis,   161,  163,  164 

pseudopunctipennis  franciscanus,  164, 
165 

pseudopunctipennis    forma    "francis- 
canus," 164 


524 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


pseudopuiictipennis  franciscanus  var. 
boydi,  164 

pseudopuiictipennis  pseudopuiictipen- 
nis, 163,  165 

tucumanus,  163 
Anopheles  (Anopheles)  maculipennis,  162 

(Anopheles)    maculipennis  freeborni, 
162 

(Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis,  163 

(Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis  fran- 
ciscanus, 164 

(Anopheles)  pseudopunctipennis  pseu- 
dopunctipennis, 163 
(Anopheles)  maculipennis.  Anopheles,  162 

maculipennis     freeborni.     Anopheles, 
162 

pseudopunctipennis.  Anopheles,  163 

pseudopunctipennis  franciscanus. 
Anopheles,  164 

pseudopunctipennis  pseudopunctipen- 
nis. Anopheles,  163 
Anophelini,  Tribe,  162 
Anopliomorpha,  41,  87 

reticollis,  87 

rinconia,  44 
Anoplium,  44 

duncani,  44 

huachucae,  35 

insoletum,  43 

iianulum,  87 

punctatum,  41 

reticolle,  87 

rinconium,  44 

truncatum,  87 
Anoplocurius  canotiae,  48 

incompletus,  47 
Anoplodera,  51,  52 

insignis,  51 

sexspilota,  52 
Anoplodera  (Judolia)  6-spilota,  52 
antaegon,  Lycaena,  304 
antennata,  Cyllene,  54 

Megacyllene,  54 

Symphylella,  155 
antennatus,  Araeoschizus,  215,  279 
antennatus,  Clytus,  54 
Cyllene,  54 

Mecotetartus,  73 
Anteos  clorinde,  291 

maerula,  292 
Anthanassa  texana,  297 
Anthaxia  aeneogaster,  115 


Anthocharis  cethura  deserti,  291 

deserti,  291 

sara  reakirti,  291 
Antigonus  pulverulenta,  307 
anxifer,  Culex,  170 
apicallis,  Argoporis,  234,  280 
apicalis,  Emmenides,  182,  277,  278 
apicipalpis,  Hydrophilus,  439 

Tropisternus,  439 

Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus),  439 

Tropisternus  (Pristoternus),  439,  464 
Apodemia  cythera,  300 

niormo,  299 

mormo  cythera,  300 

moj"mo  maxima,  300 

mormo  virgulti,  299 

palmeri,  300 

sonorensis,  300 

virgulti,  299 
Apodemia  (Lemonias)  maxima,  289 
Apsena,  237 

insularis,  237,  278,  280 

23ubescens,  276,  280 

pubescens  rufescens,  237,  280 
aquatica,  Silpha,  425 
araeniformis,  Lagochirus,  69 
arcuatus,  Ecyrus,  80 
Arhopalus  eurystethus,  54 
arizonaensis,  Odynerus,  329 
arizonica,  Ataxia,  77 

Methia,  30 
armatum,  Tragidion,  60 
Artemesia,  344;  i.e.,  Artemisia 
arabus,  Lerodea,  309 

Pamphila,  309 
Araeoschizus,  216 

antennatus,  215,  279 

limbatus,  214,  279 
araneosus,  Megasattus,  191,  276,  1'79 
argenteus,  Aedes,  168 

Culex,  168 
argentinus,  Proterorhynchus,  163 
Argoporis,  172 

aequalis,  232,  277,  280 

alutacea,  231,  280 

apicalis,  234,  280 

ebenina,  233,  278,  280 

impressa,  231,  278,  280 

inconstans,  233,  276,  277,  280 

labialis,  232,  280 

loiigipes,  232,  280 
Ascia  monuste  raza,  289,  295 

sevata  kuschei,  295 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


525 


Asclepias,  55 

subulata,  45 
aseyehae,  Culex,  170 
Asida,  172 

bifurca,  227 
Asida  catalinae,  280 

confluens,  228 

connivens,  227 

embapliionides,  229 

flaccida,  230 

gibbicollis,  229 

planata,  230 

subvittata,  228 

Asida  (Asidina)  parallela,  228 
(Asidopsis)  divaricata,  230 
(Heterasida)  connivens,  227 
(Pelecyphorus)  aegrotus,  225 
(Pelecyphorus)  morbillosus,  225 
(Pelecyphorus)  sexcostata,  226 
(Stethasida)  catalinae,  230,  277 

Asidina  confluens,  228,  280 

parallela,  228,  277,  280 

parallela  var.  terricola,  276 
(Asidina)  parallela,  Asida,  228 
Asidopsis  divaricata,  230,  280 

planata,  230,  280 
(Asidopsis)  divaricata,  Asida,  230 
asper,  Eutessus,  73 
asperata,  Centrioptera,  219,  276,  277,  279 

var.  discreta,   Centrioptera,   219,   276, 
277 

var.  planata,  Centrioptera,  219,  276 

var;  subornata,  Centrioptera,  219,  279 
asperulum,  Ibidion,  46 
asterius,  Papilio,  291 
astinous,  Papilio,  290 
astragala,  Lycaena,  304 
asychis,  Chiomara,  289,  307 

Papilio,  307 
Ataxia  arizonica,  77 

setulosa,  77 
aterrimus,  Cerenopus,  236,  280 
Atimia  dorsalis,  22,  28 
Atlides  dolichos,  301 

halesus,  301 
atomarium,  Sphaeridium,  455 
atricolor,  Colymbetes,  408 

Eantus,  4D8,  463 

Ehantus,  408 
atristernalis,  Laccophilus,  400,  401,  463 
atritarsis,  Aedes  faseiata  var.,  168 


atropalpus,  Aedes,  166 

Aedes  (Finalia),  166 

Culex,  166 
Atrvtone  melane,  309 
augias,  Phemiades,  308 
Augusti,  Clytus,  88 

Clytus  (Eliopalomerus),  88 

Neoclvtus,  88 
augusti,  Neoclytus,  88 
Aulicus,  506,  509-511 

fissipes,  487,  509,  510 

humeralis,  486,  509-511 

linsleyi,  509,  511,  516 

nero,  509,  510 

thoracicus,  486 
aurantiaca,  Ancyloxiplia,  308 

Copaeodes,  308 
aureus,  Eumenes,  315,  316 

Eumenes  belfragei,  315 
aurulenta,  Buprestis,  114 
australis,  Aneflomorpha,  37 
australis,  Calephalis,  300 

Caleplialis  nemesis,  300 

Charis,  300 

Copelatuni  chevrolatii,  406 
australis,  Crossidius,  61 
australis,  Lopliocereus,  66 

Xisoniades,  308 
Austroleon,  134 

barberi,  143 
autumnalis,  Culex,  170 
Avicennia  nitida,  87 
azotopum,  EygcMum  boscii,  320 
azotopus,  Odynerus  boscii,  320 
bachmanii,  Libythea,  299 
bairdi,  Odynerus,  319 
balli,  Tyndaris,  109 
balteatum,  Ehygchium,  318 
balteatus,  Neoclytus,  56 
bancrofti,  Culex,  168 
Banks,  Nathan,  Neuroptera:  Myrmeleoni- 

dae,  133-152 
barbarus,  Culex,  170 
barberi,  Austroleon,  143 

Brachynemurus,  143 
Barr,  W.  F,,  Coleoptera:  Cleridae,  485-519 
basalis,  Plionoma,  62 

Sphaenothecus,  62 

Sphaenothecus  (?  Entomosterna),  62 

Sphenothecus,  62 
basicornis,  Stenosphenus,  45 


526 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


basilaris  var.  intermedius,  Tliermonectes, 
418 

var.  latecinetus,  Tliermonectes,  418 
Thermonectes,  418 
Thermonectus,  418 

basillaris,  Dytiscus,  417 

Thermonectus,  416,  417,  463 

battoides,  Lycaena,  304 
Philotes,  304 

Batuliodes  rotundicollis,  217,  279 
Batulius  rotundicollis,  217 
setosus,  217 

beckeri,  Pieris,  294 
behrensi,  Stetkoxus,  437 
belfragei  aureus,  Eumenes,  315 
Eumenes  smithii,  315 

Belluga  implexa,  135,  139 
bellula,  Maracandula,  141 
benitensis,  Helops,  275,  278,  281 
berenice,  Danais,  295 

strigosa,  Danais,  295 

strigosa,  Danaus,  295 

bermudanus,  Berosus,  435 
(Berosini),423,  424 
Berosus,  381,  424,  429,  464 

bermudanus,  435 

debilis,  434 

dolerosus,  434 

exiguus,  432 

fiavicornis,  435 

hoplites,  431 

infuscatus,  434 

metalliceps,  376,  432,  462 

(s.  str.)  metalliceps,  432 

miles,  431 

moerens,  434 

(s.  str.)  moerens,  434 

peregrinus,  433,  434 

punctatissimus,  377,  430,  431 

punctulatus,  435 

rugulosus,  435 

salinus,  432 

salvini,  431 

sharpi,  433,  434 

(s.  str.)  stramineus,  432 
Berosus  (Berosus)  dolerosus,  430,  433,  464 

(Berosus)  infuscatus  ?,  430,  434,  464 

(Berosus)  metalliceps,  430,  432,  464 

(Berosus)  moerens,  430,  434,  464 

(Berosus)  rugulosus,  430,  435,  464 

(Berosus)  stramineus  ?,  430,  432,  464 


(Enoplurus)  miles,  429,  431,  464 

(Enoplurus)  punctatissimus,  429,  430, 
464 
(Berosus,  s.  str.),  subgenus,  429,  464 
(Berosus)  dolerosus,  Berosus,  430,  433,  464 

infuscatus  ?,  Berosus,  430,  434,  464 

metalliceps,  Berosus,  430,  432,  464 

moerens,  Berosus,  430,  434,  464 

rugulosus,  Berosus,  430,  435,  464 

stramineus  ?,  Berosus,  430,  432,  464 
beyeri,  Chrysobotliris,  120 
bicincta,  Rhopalophora,  58 

Rhopalophorella,  58 
bicinctus  bicinctus,  Eplopliorus,  57 

Eplopliorus,  56 

Eplopliorus  bicinctus,  57 

peninsularis,  Eplopliorus,  56 
bicolor,  Cliaetarthria  sp.  near,  445,  464 

Eurymetopon,  174 

Hydrophilus,  450 

Metoponium,  173,  277,  278 

Monobia,  322 

Noterus,  403 

Odynerus,  332 
bicornis,  Bostriclioclerus,  503 
bidens,  Cerambyx,  86 
(Bidessini),  385 
Bidessonotus,  389,  390,  394 
Bidessus,  385,  389,  390,  463 

afdnis  complex,  390,  393,  463 

amandus,  377,  390,  392,  463 

cinctellus,  390,  391,  463 

sp.  near  decoratus,  390,  391,  463 

obtusus,  393 

pullus,  393 

quadripustulatus,  390,  463 

subtilis,  390,  391,  463 

unistriatus,  389 

youngi,  390,  392,  463 
bifurca,  Asida,  227 

Doliema,  281,  283;   i.e.,  bifurcata  as 
below 

Heterasida,  227,  277,  280 
bifurcata,   Doliema,   270    (see   also   under 

misspelled  "bifurca") 
bigelovii,  Opuntia,  67 
biguttatus,  Tarsostenus,  518    ' 
biimpressa,  Tenebrio  (?),  272 
bi-impressa,  Hypogena,  272 

Ulosonia,  272,  281,  283 
bilineata,  Leptocera,  63 
bimarginatus,  Hydaticus,  420 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


527 


binotatus,  Eantus,  410 
Tropisternus,  440 
bipunctatus,  Helochares,  455 

Hydropliilus,  449 
biustus,  Exocentrus,  70 

Leptostylus,  70 
bivittata,  Taranomis,  63 
bivittatus,  Isclinocnemis,  63 
Sphaenothecus,  63 
Sphenothecus,  63 
bivulnera,  Acmaeodera,  98 
blairi,  Stibia,  207,  279 
Blaisdell,  F.  E.,   Coleoptera:    Tenebrioni- 

dae,  171-288 
Blapstinus,  172 

amnosus,  255,  276,  280 
brevieollis,  256,  278,  280 
coronadensis,  255,  280 
crassus,  254 

densipunctatus,  256,  280 
dilatatus,  254,  280 
discolor,  276 
lecontei,  276 
obliquus,  254 
rufipes,  255,  280 
sordidus,  262 
sulcatus,  257,  280 
Bohart,  E.  M.,  Hymenoptera:  Eumeninae, 

313-336 
boisduvaliana,  Eurema,  293 

Terias,  293 
bollii,  Eumenes,  315 
boscii  azotopum,  Eygchium,  320 

azotopus,  Odynerus,  320 
Bostrichoclerus,  488,  503 

bicornis,  503 
boydi.  Anopheles,  164,  165 

Anopheles    pseudopunctipennis    fran- 
ciseanus,  164 
Brachynemurus  barberi,  143 
californicus,  139 
coqiiilletti,  137 
digueti,  135 
dissimilis,  136 
eiseni,  137 
expansus,  135, 138 
fraternus,  139 
intermedins,  136 
longipalpis,  133,  138 
papago,  137 
peregrinus,  136 
pleetus,  135 
pusillus,  143 


quadripunctatus,  137 
sackeni,  137,  138 
singularis,  137 
yavapai,  137 
Brachyvatus,  subgenus,  390 
Braderochus  geminatus,  25 
Brepliidium  exilis,  303 
brettoides,  Pamphila,  308 
brettus,  Thymelicus,  308 
breviceps,  Echoeerus,  266,  281 
brevieollis,  Blapstinus,  256,  278,  280 
brevidens,  Anelaphus,  40 

Elaphidion,  40  v 

brevis,  Methia,  29,  30,  31 
brunneum,  Obrium,  51 
bryanti,  Ligyrus,  357 
Buprestidae,  97 

Coleoptera : ,  by  E.  C.  Van  Dyke,  97-132 
Buprestis  aurulenta,  114 

lauta,  114 
cacti,  Cyclonotum,  459 

Dactylosternum,  459,  464 
caelata,  Clialcophora,  110 

Hippomelas,  110 

Stictocera,  110 
caelatus,  Gyascutus,  110 

Hippomelas,  110 
caesonia,  Papilio,  291 

Zerene,  291 
caesus,  Dytiscus,  381 
Calephalis  australis,  300 

nemesis,  300 

nemesis  australis,  300 
California,  Coenonympha,  296 

galactinus,  Coenonympha,  296 
californica,  Chlosyne,  297 

Coelocnemis,  276 

Hyppomelas  (Xanularia),  111,  113 

Monobia,  317 

Monophylla,  486,  488 

Xanularia?,  113 

Paranthaclisis,  135 

Synehloe,  297 
californicus,  Brachynemurus,  139 

Calinemurus,  139 

Elasmocerus,  488 

Enochrus  (Lumetus),  451 

Enochrus  (Methydrus),  450,  451,  464 

var.  fraternus,  Calinemurus,  139 

Gyascutus,  113 

Hydrophilus,  443,  444 

ineptis,  Prionus,  26 

Laccophilus,  402 


528 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


Macrotelus,  488 

Odynerus,  323 

Pachoclynerus,  323,  324 

Philydrus,  451 

Poliaenus,  82 

Prionus,  22,  26 

Tropisterims,  376,  444,  445 

Tropisternus  (Cyphostetlius),  444 

Tropisternus  (Pristoternus),  439,  444, 
464 
caligans,  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus),  444 
Calinemurus,  134 

californicus,  139 

calif  ornicus  var.  f  raternus,  139 
Callichroma  cobaltinum,  54 

solitarium,  59 
Callidium  tenellum,  32 
Callidryas  agaritlie,  292 

eubule,  292 
eallosus,  Cnemidotus,  382 

Peltodytes,  377,  382,  463 
Callotillus,  488,  489 

elegans,  489 

elegans  elegans,  487,  489 

elegans  vaf  er,  489,  490 

vafer,  490 
calopus,  Aedes,  168 

Culex,  168 

Steganomyia,  168 
calvatus,  Aneflus,  37 
canaliculatus,  Odynerus,  318 
Candida,  Copaeodes,  308 

Lysiloma,  9 
canipolea,  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga),349 
canotiae,  Anoploeurius,  48 
Canthydrus,  403 

lineatus,  404 
capicola,  Symphylella,  154,  155-158 
capillatum,  Pelosoma,  456,  457 

Pelosoma  sp.  near,  464 
caraboides,  Dytiscus,  436 
carduelis,  Papilio,  298 
cardui,  Papilio,  297 

Pyrameis,  297 

Vanessa,  297 
carin,  Hesperia,  308 
carminator,  Listrochelus,  350 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  337,  351 
cartroni,  Culex,  170 
carye,  Hamadryas  decora,  298 

Pyrameis,  298 

Vanessa,  298 
Carystus  micylla,  309 


castaneum,  Chilometopon,  197,  279 

Telaponium,  179,  278 
castaneus,  Eupsophulus,  273,  277,  281 

E-upsophus,  273 

Hammaticherus,  33 

Hydro vatus,  387 

Stenodontes,  24 
catalinae,  Asida,  280 

Asida  (Stethasida),  230,  277 

Emmenides,  182,  277,  278 
Catopsilia  agarithe,  292 

eubule,  292 
cazieri,  Acoma,  341 
Ceanothus,  101 
Celina,  384,  385,  394,  463 

angustata,  394,  463 
Celtis,  70 
centralis,  Anomala,  354 

Anomala  fla villa,  354,  355 
Centrioptera,  172,  218,  223 

asperata,  219,  276,  277,  279 

asperata  var.  discreta,  219,  276,  277 

asperata  var.  plana ta,  219,  276 

asperata  var.  subornata,  219,  279 

chamberlini,  221,  276,  279 

michelbacheri,  222,  279 

muricata,  220,  279 

pectoralis,  220,  277,  278,  279 

sculptiventris,  220,  277,  279 

seriata,  221,  277,  279 

spiculifera,  218,  277-279 

variolosa,  221,  277,  279 
Centronopus  parallelus,  276 
eephalica,  Cymatodera,  486,  491,  502 
eephise  acroleuca,  Lymnas,  299 
cepio,  Terias,  293 
ceralboensis,  Trimytis,  277,  279 

Trimytis  (Pimalius),  196 
Cerambycidae,  Coleoptera:,  by  E.  G.  Lins- 

ley,  21-96 
Cerambycidae  of  the  Tres  Marias  Islands, 
85-89 

of  the  Eivillagigedo  Islands,  83-84 
Cerambyx  bidens,  86 

circumflexus,  33 

irroratus,  86 

longicolle,  33 

solitarius,  59 

surinamensis,  33 

surinamus,  33 

trilineatus,  68 
Ceratoderus,  426 

grauiger,  426 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


529 


Cerceris,  113 

Cercidium,  9,  33,  63,  79, 115,  116 

floridum,  110 

torreyanum,  98 
Cercyon,  425,  457,  464 

fimbriatum,  377,  457,  458,  464 

fimbriatus,  458 

luniger,  458 

lunigerum,  377,  457,  458,  464 

rufescens,  376,  457,  464 
(Cercyonini),  425,  456 
Cerenopus,  172 

angustatus,  236,  280 

aterrimus,  236,  280 

concolor,  235,  277,  278,  280 

costulatus,  237,  280 

cribratus,  236,  277,  280 
ceres,  Coenonympha,  296 
cesonia,  Colias,  291 

Meganostoma,  291 
cethura  deserti,  Anthocharis,  291 

deserti,  Euchloe,  291 
Chaetarthria,  424,  445,  464 

sp.  near  bicolor,  445,  464 
(Chaetarthriini),  424 
Chaetoleon,  134 

pusillus,  143 

variabilis,  141 
Chalcophora  caelata,  110 

obliterata,  109 

plauicosta,  liO 
chamberlini,  Centrioptera,  221,  276,  279 
cliampioni,  Microschatia,  225,  280 
cliarie,  Vanessa,  298 
Charis  australis,  300 

nemesis,  300 

guadeloupe,  300 
Cliasmatopterus,  338 
Chaunocolus,  338 

cornutus,  338 
Cherostus  peninsularis,  264,  281 
chevrolati,  Copelatus,  405,  406,  463 
chevrolatii  var.  australis,  Copelatus,  406 

Copelatus,  406 
Chilometopon,  197 

castaneum,  197,  279 

cribricolle,  198,  279 

rugiceps,  197,  279 
Chioides  albofasciatus,  305 
Cliiomara  asychis,  289,  307 
Chlosvne  calif  ornica,  297 

lacinia  crocale,  297 


Chnaunanthus,  338 

discolor,  338 
Christophers!,  Culex,  170 
Chrysobia  mormonia,  299 
Chrysobothris,  115,  116,  122 

acuminata,  122 

acutipennis,  122 

beyeri,  120 

cupreoaenea,  122 

cupreostignata,  122 

debilis,  116 

disjuncta,  116 

distincta,  98,  116 

edwardsii,  98,  115 

exesa,  119 

lateralis,  116 

lixa,  122 

martha,  122 

michelbacheri,  120 

octocola,  115 

peninsularis,  98,  116 

purpureoplagiata,  119 

purpureovittata,  119 

rossi,  117 

thoracicus,  98, 115 
Chrysomela  minuta,  448 
Chrysophanus  del-sud,  303 

hermes,  303 

xanthoides,  303 
ciliata,  Eustattus,  194 

Sphaeriontis,  194,  279 
cimicoides,  Suphis,  403 
cinctatus,  Acilius  (Thermonectus),  418 
cinctellus,  Bidessus,  390,  391 

Hydroporus,  391 
cingulatus,  Culex,  170 

Oncideres,  76 

Trachyderes,  88 
Cinyra  purpurascens,  114 
circumcinctus,  Dytiscus,  414 
circumflexum,  Achryson,  33 
circumflexus,  Cerambyx,  33 

Stenocorus,  33 
clarki,  Stenodj^nerus  noticeps,  331 
Clathroneuria,  135 

exigua,  135,  138 
clausa,  Acmaeodera,  110 
claviger,  Culex,  162 
Cleozona  pulchra,  88 

pulchra  var.  rufipes,  88 

rufipes,  88 
clericalis,  Helias,  308  » 


530 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


Cleridae,  487 

Coleoptera:,  by  W.  F.  Barr,  485-519 
Clerinae,  488,  506 
Clerus  affiliatus,  506 

latecinctus,  506 

laticinctus,  506 

quadrisignatus,  506 

ruf  escens,  506 

rufipes,  516 

univittatus,  517 
clitus,  Nisoniades,  308 
clorinde,  Anteos,  291 

Colias,  291 

Gonepteryx,  292 
clusinus,  Odynerus,  319 
Clytus  antennatus,  54 

Augusti,  88 

irroratus,  56 
Clytus  (Ehopalomerus)  Augusti,  88 

(Rhopalopachys)  morosus,  56 
Cnemidotus,  381,  383 

callosus,  382 

simplex,  382 
cobaltinum,  Calliocliroma,  54 

Plintliocoelium,  54 
Cobalus  decorus,  310 

dispersus,  309 

vitellina,  309 
eochisensis,  Aneflus,  36 
Coelambus,  394,  463 

fraternus,  395 

medialis,  395 
(Coelambus)  fraternus,  Hygrotus,  395,  463 

medialis,  Hygrotus,  395,  463 
Coelocnemis  calif  ornica,  276 

slevini,  273,  276,  278,  281 
Coelomorpha  maritima,  195,  279 

pallens,  195,  278,  279 
Coelostoma,  459 
Coelotaxis,  281 

muricata,  281 

punctulata,  281 
Coelus,  194, 195 

globosus,  194,  279 
Coenonymplia  California,  296 

California  galactinus,  296 

ceres,  296 
Coenopoeus  niger,  69 

palmeri,  70 
Coleoptera:    Buprestidae    by    E.    C.    Van 
Dyke,  97-132 

Cerambycidae  by  E.  G.  Linsley,  21-96 

Cleridae  by  W.  F.  Barr,  485-519 


Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae,  Gyrinidae,  Hy- 
drophilidae,  Limnebiidae  by  H.  B. 
Leech,  375-484 

Scarabaeidae  by  L.  W.  Saylor,  337-374 

Tenebrionidae  by  F.  E.  Blaisdell,  171- 
288 
Colias  agarithe,  292 

cesonia,  291 

clorinde,  291 

godarti,  292 

euterpe,  294 
collaris,  Hydrophilus,  438 
(Collapteryx)  colossa,  Moneilema,  68 

constricta,  Moneilema,  68 

forte,  Moneilema,  68 

gigas,  Moneilema,  68 

gigas,  Monilema,  68 

lateralis,  Moneilema,  65 

michelbacheri,  Moneilema,  67 

opaca,  Moneilema,  65 

pimalis,  Moneilema,  68 

plectralis,  Moneilema,  68 

pollens,  Moneilema,  68 

rugosissima,  Moneilema,  Q6 

semipunctata,  Moneilema,  66,  67 

semipunctatum,  Moneilema,  66 

semipunctatum,  Monilema,  66 

sp.,  Moneilema,  67 

spinicollis,  Moneilema,  68 

spoliata,  Moneilema,  67,  68 

spoliatum,  Moneilema,  68 

spoliatum,  Monilema,  68 

subrugosa,  Moneilema,  65,  66 

subrugosum,  Moneilema,  65,  66 

subrugosum,  Monilema,  65 

uteana,  Moneilema,  68 
colon,  Papilio,  308 

colossa,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
Colpius,  403 
columella,  Papilio,  301 

Strymon,  301 

Thecla,  301 
columnaris,  Idria,  7 
Colymbetes,  384,  386 

atricolor,  408 

gutticollis,  408 

mexicanus,  410 

pulverosus,  407 
(Colymbetinae),  385 
(Colymbetini),  386 
comata,  Acmaeodera,  99 
communis  albescens,  Pyrgus,  306 

occidentalis,  Hesperia,  306 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


531 


Compsa  puncticollis,  47 

quadriplagiata,  47 

textile,  47 
Comptessa  ambitiosa,  135,  139 
concolor,  Cerenopus,  235,  277,  278,  280 

Haliplus,  377,  383,  463 

Haliplus  (Liaphlus),  383 

Pogonocherus,  81 

Poliaenus,  81,  82 

Tropisteruus,  443 
conflueiis,  Anepsius,  218,  276,  277,  279 

Asida,  228 

Asidiua,  228,  280 

Pelecyphorus,  228 
confluentus,  Hydroporus  (Deroneetes)  pin- 
guis  var.,  397 

Hydroporus  pinguis  var.,  398 
conformis,  Dytiscus,  414 
confusa,  Acoma,  343 
congener,  Acantliaclisis,  148 

Paranthaclisis,  148 
congener,  Scotoleon,  138 
congressus,  Leptochilus,  324 

Odvnerus,  324 
Conibius,  172 

guadaliipensis,  282 

oblongus,  257,  280 

opacus,  258,  276,  277,  280 

reflexus,  259,  277,  280 

sulcatus,  262 

ventralis,  259^  277,  280 
Conibius  (Ooconibius)  opacus,  258 

(Ooconibius)  reflexus,  259 
Coniontides,  190 

keiferi,  189,  278,  279 
Coniontis,  281 

pallidicornis,  276 

parviceps,  188,  279 
connivens,  Asida,  227 

Asida  (Heterasida),  227 

Heterasida,  227 
consorbina,  Eleodes,  276 
conspersa,  Eburia,  35,  86 
constricta.  Acacia,  106 

Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
constricticolle,  Obrium,  51 
contaminata,  Phillophaga,  349 

Phillophaga  (Phillophaga),  349 
convergens,  Xef  oncerus,  338 

Oncerus,  338 
convexa,  Stenomorpha,  226,  280 
convexicolle,  Eurymetopon,  173 

Metoponium,  173,  278 


convexus,  Euschides,  226 
Copaedes  aurantiaca,  308 

Candida,  308 

nanus,  308 
(Copelatini),  385 
Copelatus,  385,  405,  463 

chevrolati,  405,  406,  463 

chevrolatii,  406 

chevrolatii  var.  australis,  406 

fragilis,  405,  463 
Copelatus  impressicollis,  405 
Coquillettidia,  167 
coquilletti,  Brachynemurus,  137 

Hesperoleon,  135,  137 
Corinthiscus,  512 

leucophaeum,  512 

peninsularis,  512 

sinaloae,  512 
cornutus,  Chaunocolus,  338 
coronadensis,  Blapstinus,  255,  280 
corpulentus,  Deroneetes,  398 

Hydroporus  (Deroneetes),  398 
Cortodera  (Acmaeopsilla)  falsa,  52 
corvinus,  Hydroporus,  399 
Corynetes  glaber,  517 

glabra,  517 

maculicollis,  514 

maculieollis  var.  uigrocollis,  514,  515 

rufipes,  516 
costatus,  Epimetopus,  427 

Eusattus,  191 

Megasattus,  191,  278,  279,  283 
costipennis,  Notibius,  260 

Tonibiastes,  260,  278,  281 
costulatus,  Cerenopus,  237,  280 
coyotae,  Eumenes,  315 
Craniotus  pubescens,  224,  277,  280 
Craighead,  Serica,  347 
crassicornis,  Eumenes,  314 
crassulus,  Leiopus,  70 

Liopus,  70 

Sternidius,  70 
crassus,  Blapstinus,  254 

Ulus,  254,  280 
Cratidus  rotundicollis,  253,  278,  280 
Cregya  peninsularis,  512 

vetusta,  512 
Creniphilus,  446 

elegans,  446 

infuscatus,  446 

suturalis,  446,  447 
Crenitis,  446 
Crenitulus,  446 


532 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


cresphontes,  Papilio,  291 
cressoni,  Stenomorpha,  227 
cribrata,  Stibia,  206,  276,  279 
cribratus,  Cerenopiis,  236,  277,  280 

Emmenastrichus,  185,  278 
cribricolle,  Chilometopon,  198,  279 

Triphalus,  201,  203,  279 
cribripennis,  Hydnocera,  505 

Phyllobaenus,  486,  503,  505 
cristatus,  Enochrus  (Methydrus)  sp.  near, 
451,  453,  464 

Philhydrus  nebulosus  var.,  453 
crocale,  Chlosyne  lacinia,  297 

Synchloe,  297 
Crossidius  austraUs,  61 

punctatus,  61 

testaceus,  61 
cruentatus,  Oxoplus,  62 
eruentus,  Oxoplus,  21,  62 
Cryptadius,  172,  179,  180,  188 

angulatus,  181,  276,  279 

inflatus,  180,  278,  279 

sinuatus,  181,  276,  278 

tarsalis,  181,  279 
Cryptoglossa,  223 

angularis,  223,  280 

granulifera,  223,  276,  277,  280 

seriata,  221 

verrucosa,  223,  280 
Cryijtoleon  signatum,  142 
Cryptopleurum,  425,  455,  464 

impressum,  377,  456,  464 
cubensis,  Culex,  170 
cucujiforme,  Smodicum,  85 
cucujinus,  Doliopinus,  270,  281 
Cucujus  planus,  270 
Culex,  168 

acer,  170 

aegypti,  167 

affinis,  168 

albolineatus,  170 

albopalposus,  168 

anguste-alatus,  168 

annulitarsis,  168 

anxifer,  170 

argenteus,  168 

aseyehae,  170 

atropalpus,  166 

autumnalis,  170 

bancrofti,  168 

barbarus,  170 

calopus,  168 

cartroni,  170 


christophersi,  170 

cingulatus,  170 

claviger,  162 

cubensis,  170 

damnosus,  165 

didieri,  170 

doleschalli,  170 

elegans,  168 

eumimetes,  169 

exaginatus,  168 

excitans,  168 

fasciatus,  168 

fatigans,  161,  170 

fatigans  var.  nigrirostris,  170 

fatigans  var.  trilineatus,  170 

fatigans  var.  luteoammlatus,  170 

f  orniosus,  168 

foucliowensis,  170 

frater,  168 

goughi,  170 

liensemaeon,  170 

impatiabilis,  168 

inexorabilis,  168 

insatiabilis,  168 

kelloggii,  168 

kounoupi,  168 

lachrimans,  170 

macleayi,  170 

minor,  170 

mosquito,  168 

niveus,  168 

penafieli,  170 

pens,  168 

pipiens,  170 

protoricensis,  165 

pungens,  170 

pygmaeus,  170 

quasilinealis,  170 

quasipipiens,  170 

quinquefasciatus,  161, 170 

5-fasciatus,  170 

quinquefasciatus  dipseticus,  170 

quinquefasciatus  race  dipseticus,  170 

raymondii,  170 

reesi,  170 

revoeator,  170 

rossii,  168 

scotti,  170 

sericeus,  170 

serotinus,  170 

skusii,  170  ' 

stigmatosoma,  168,  169 

stoeliri,  170 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


533 


sugens,  168 

taeniatus,  168 

tarsalis,  161,  168, 169 

teaniorhynchiis,  165 

thriambus,  169 

townsvillensis,  170 

toxorhynchus,  168 

viridifrons,  168 

willistoni,  168 
Cwlex  (Culex)  quinquefasciatus,  170 

(Culex)  quinquefasciatus  dipseticus, 
170 

(Culex  )stigmatosoma,  169 

(Culex)  tarsalis,  168 
(Culex)  quinquefasciatus,  Culex,  170 

quinquefasciatus  dipseticus,  Culex,  170 

stigmatosoma,  Culex,  169 

tarsalis,  Culex,  168 
Culicelsa  fuscus,  170 
Culicidae,  Diptera:,  by  T.  H.  G.  Aitken, 

161-170 
Culicini,  Tribe,  165 
cupreoaenea,  Chyrsobothris,  122 
cupreofusca,  Hyppomelas  (Nanularia), 
111,  113 

Nanularia,  113 
cupreonitens,  Necrobia  pilif  era  var.,  517 
cupreosignata,  Chrysobothris,  122 
Cupressus,  28 
cyanipes,  Poecilonota,  114 
Cybister,  386,  411,  412,  463 

ellipticus,  412,  463 

explanatus,  377,  412,  413,  463 

tripunctatus,  412 
Cybistrini,  384,  386 
Cyclinus,  subgenus,  422 
(Cyclinus)  solitarius,  Dineutus,  422 
Cyclocepliala,  355,  357 

dimidiata,  355 

elegans,  355 

liirta,  356 

longula,  356 

pasadenae,  357 
Cyclonotum,  459 

cacti,  459 
cyda,  Heteropia,  306 
cylindricollis,  Cymatodera,  493 
Cyllene  antennata,  54 

antennatus,  54 
Cyllidium,  445 

Cymatodera,  488,  490,  492,  494,  496,  497, 
500,  502 

cephalica,  486,  491,  502 


cylindricollis,  493 
delieatula,  486,  491,  492 
fascifera,  487,  491,  496 
intermedia,  491,  501 
isabellae,  491,  496 
laevicollis,  495 
latefascia,  491,  493 
longula,  491,  498,  500 
minacis,  491,  497,  498,  499 
mitchelli,  501 
neomexicana,  498 
oblita,  491,  499,  500 
ovipennis,  486 
peninsularis,  486,  491,  494 
picipennis,  486,  491,  495 
punctata,  491,  500 
puncticollis,  486,  491,  492 
purpuricollis,  491,  502 
rudis,  500 

santarosae,  491,  498-500 
tuta,  495 
xanti,  487,  491,  493 

Cymbiodyta,  425,  449,  464 
dorsalis,  377,  449,  464 

Cynaeus  angustus,  267,  281 
depressus,  268,  281 
opacus,  267 

Cyphonotida,  53 
Cypliostethus,  subgenus,  438 

(Cyphostetlius)   apicipalpis,  Tropisternus, 
439 

californicus,  Tropisternus,  444 
ellipticus,  Tropisternus,  443 
laevis  mergus,  Tropisternus,  440 
lateralis,  Tropisternus,  440 
obscurus,  Tropisternus,  442 
salsamentus,  Tropisternus,  444 

cyrcumscriptus,  Dytiscus,  415 
Cystineura  amymone,  297 
cytliera,  Apodemia,  300 

Apodemia  mormo,  300 

Lemonias,  300 

Dacoderus  striaticeps,  216,  276,  279 

Dactylosternum,  425,  459,  464 
cacti,  459,  464 
insulare,  459 
roussetii,  459 

daira,  Eurema,  292 
Pieris,  292 

damaris,  Terias,  293 
damicorne,  Enoplium,  512 


534 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


damicornis,  Orthopleura,  512,  513 

var.  texana,  Orthopleura,  513 

Tillis,  512 
damnosus,  Culex,  165 
Danaidae,  295 
Danais  berenice,  295 

berenice  strigosa,  295 

strig'osa,  295 
Danaus  berenice  strigosa,  295 
dasytomis  mastieator,  Stenodontes  (Mallo- 
don),  85 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon),  85 
debilis,  Berosus,  434 

Chrysobotliris,  116 

Dysphaga,  28 

Methia,  28 

Phaleria,  264,  281 

Stenosphenus,  45 
decipiens,  Laccophilus,  377,  400,  402,  463 
decoratus,  Bidessus  sp.  near,  390,  391,  463 
declivatus,  Stenodynerus,  331 
decora  carye,  Hamadryas,  298 
decorus,  Cobalus,  310 

Vorates,  310 
Dectes  spinosus,  74 
def  ormiceps,  Leptochilus,  328 
delia,  Eurema,  293 

Papilio,  293 

Terias,  293 
delicata,  Acyphoderes,  54 
delicatula,  Cymatodera,  486,  491,  492 
delicatulus,  Anepsius,  217,  279 
delicatus,  Acyphoderes,  54 
del-sud,  Chrysophanus,  303 
delumbis,  Acmaeodera,  100 
demodites,  Eurema,  293 
Dendrobias  mandibularis,  64 

peninsularis,  64 

quadrimaculatus,  64 

4-maculatus,  64 
(lensicollis,  Listrochelus,  350 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  337,  350 
densipunctatus,  Blapstinus,  256,  280 
densiventris,  Metopoloba,  199,  278,  279 
depressus,  Cynaeus,  268,  281 

Dytiscus,  395 
depuiseti,  Terias,  293 
Dermestes  rufipes,  516 
dermestoides,  Tenebrio,  517 
Derobrachus  forreri,  25 

geminatus,  25 

geminatus  forreri,  25 

geminatus  geminatus,  25 


Derobrachus  (Derobrachus)  geminatus,  25 
(Derobrachus)  geminatus,  Derobrachus,  25 
Deronectes,  385,  397,  398,  463 

addendus,  376,  377,  398,  463 

addendus  addendus,  398 

addenus  pinguis,  398 

corpulentus,  398 

funereus,  376,  377,  397,  399,  463 

pinguis,  398 

striatellus,  397,  399,  463 
Deronectes  (Potamodytes)  striatellus,  399 
(Deronectes)  corpulentus,  Hydroporus,  398 

funereus,  Hydroporus,  399 

pinguis  var.  confluentus,  Hydroporus, 
397 

striatellus,  Hydroporus,  399 
Derovatellus  floridanus,  387 
deserti,  Authocharis,  291 

Authocharis  cethura,  291 

Euchloe  cethura,  291 
desertus,  Edrotes,  212,  279 
designatus,  Odynerus,  318 
Desmopachria,  385,  388,  394,  463 

dispersa,  388,  463 

latissima,  377,  388,  389,  463 

sp.,  388,  463 
diabolicus,  Phloeodus,  276 
Diaperis  rufipes,  265,  281 
Dicerca  horni,  114 
Dichelonyx,  344 

picea,  344 

pusilla,  344,  345 
didieri,  Culex,  170 
difacilis,  Eusattus,  193,  278,  279 
digiticornis,  Khygchium,  318 
digueti,  Brachynemurus,  135 

Hesperoleon,  135 
Dihammaphora,  58 
dilatatus,  Blapstinus,  254,  280 
dilemma,  Aeoma,  342 
dilucida,  Ephyriades,  307 
dimidiata,  Cyclocephala,  355 
Dineutes,  420-422,  464 

integer,  422 

solitarius,  422 

sublineatus,  422 
Dineutus,  379,  422 

integer,  422 

politus,  422  ; 

solitarius,  422 

sublineatus,  376,  422,  464 
Dineutus  (Cyclinus)  solitarius,  422 

(Dineutus)  sublineatus,  422 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


535 


(Dineutus)  sublineatus,  Dineutus,  422 
Dione  vanillae,  296 

dipseticus,   Culex    (Culex)    quinquefascia- 
tu9,  170 

Culex  quinquefasciatus,  170 

Culex  quinquefasciatus  race,  170 
Diptera:    Culicidae  by   T.   H.   G.   Aitken, 

161-170 
diruptus,  Xylotreclius,  55 
discineta,  Eleodes,  250,  278,  280 
discoidea,  Hvdnocera,  505 
discoideum,  Obrium,  50 

Obrium  (Phyton),  50 

Phyton,  50 
discoideus,  Phyllobaenus,  503,  505 
discolor,  Blapstinus,  276 

Chnaunanthus,  338 

Pachycormus,  7 

Veatchia,  76 

discreta,  Centrioptera  asperata  var.,  219, 

276,  277 
disjuncta,  Chrysobothris,  116 
dispersa,  Desmopachria,  388,  463 
dispersus,  Cobalus,  309 

Hydroporus,  388 
dissimilis,  Braehynemurus,  136 

Hesperoleon,  135,  136 
distineta,  Chrysobothris,  98,  116 
divaricata,  Asidopsis,  230,  280 

Asida  (Asidopsis),  230 
dolerosus,  Berosus,  434 

Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  433,  464 
doleschalli,  Culex,  170 
Dolichodynerus,  314 
dolichos,  Altides,  301 
Doliema,  270,  271 

bifurca,  281,  283;  i.e.,  bifurcata  as 
below 

bifurcata,  270 

plana,  270,  281,  283 
Doliopinus  cucujinus,  270,  281 
dolosus,  Stenosphenus,  46 
domicella,  Heliopetes,  306 

Hesperia,  306 

Pyrgus,  306 

Syrichtus,  306 
domingo,  Thymele,  305 
dorantes,  Eudamus,  305 

Papilio,  35 

Urbanus,  305 
dorsale,  Ehynchium,  318 

Eygchium,  318 


dorsalis,  Atimia,  22,  28 

Cymbiodyta,  377,  449,  464 

Hydrobius,  449 

Hydrophilus,  442 

Hydrophilus  (Tropisternus),  442 

Odynerus,  318 

Philhydrus,  449 

Tropisternus,  440 

Vespa,  318 
douglasianus,  Trichodes,  508 
Dryopidae,  381 
dubius,  Eusattus,  192,  279 
ductus,  Odynerus,  319 
dumeti,  Nemeobius,  299 
duncani,  Aneflomorpha,  38 

Anoplium,  44 
12-pustulatus,  Dytiscus,  395,  396 
duodecim  pustulatus,  Hydroporus,  396 
Dupontiella  fasciatella,  517 
durus,  Steriphanus,  186,  279 
Duttonia  alboannulis,  168 
Dynastes  tityus,  358 
dysaules,  Lerodea,  309 
Dysphaga  debilis,  28 

(=  Tessaropa),  28 
Dyticus,  413 

(Macrodytes)  marginicollis,  414 
Dytiscidae,  375,  376,  378-380,  384,  387 
Dytiscidae,  etc.,  see  Coleoptera:   Halipli- 

dae,  Dytiscidae,  etc.,  by  H.  B.  Leech 
Dytiscinae,  384,  385 
(Dytiscini),  386 
Dytiscus,  386,  413,  414,  463 

basillaris,  417 

caesus,  381 

caraboides,  436 

circumcinctus,  414 

circumscriptus,  415 

conformis,  414 

depressus,  395 

12-pustulatus,  395,  396 

f  asciatus,  419 

limbriolatus,  412 

griseus,  414 

hybneri,  419 

impressus,  381,  383 

inaequalis,  394,  396 

lateralimarginalis,  412 

lateralis,  412 

latissimus,  414 

latus,  411 

lividus,  454 

luridus,  429 


536 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser, 


marginalis,  413,  414 

marginicoUis,  377,  414 

minutus,  400 

natator,  420 

obscurus,  400 

palustris,  395 

parvulus,  396 

piceus,  436 

posticatus,  405 

ruficollis,  383 

seminiger,  419 

serricornis,  406 

sexpustulatus,  395 

sticticus,  414,  415 

transversalis,  419 

tripunctatus,  412 

unistriatus,  389 
Dytiscus  (Dytiscus)  marginicollis,  414,  463 
(Dytiscus)  marginicollis,  Dytiscus,  414, 463 
ebenina,  Argoporis,  233,  278,  280 
Eburia  conspersa,  35,  86 

nigrovittata,  35,  86 

perforata,  86 

stigmatica,  86 

ulkei,  21,  34 
ecaudata,  Eleodes  lucae  var.,  249 
ecclipsis,  Papilio,  292 
EcMnocactus,  108 
Echinocereus,  10 
echo,  Lycaena  pseudargiolus,  305 

Lycaenopsis  pseudargiolus,  305 
Echocerus  angelicus,  266,  278,  281,  283 

breviceps,  266,  281 

maxillosus,  266,  281 
Ecyrus,  80 

arcuatus,  80 

pacificus,  80 

texanus,  80 
Edrotes  desertus,  212,  279 

mexicanus,  276 

ventricosus,  212,  279 
edwardsii,  Chrysobothris,  98,  115 

Trogodendron,  509 

Xenoclerus,  509 
eiseni,  Brachynemurus,  137 

Hesperoleon,  135,  137 
Elapliidion,  41 

brevidens,  40 
irroratum,  86 
ordinatum,  87 
protensum,  36 
punctatum,  41 


reticolle,  44 
subdepressum,  41 
tessellatum,  87 
truncatum,  87 
validum,  35 

Elaphrium,  9,  11,  24,  27,  69,  75,  76 

Elasmocerus  californicus,  488 

elegans,  Callotillus,  489 

Callotillus  elegans,  487,  489 

Creniphilus,  446 

Culex,  168 

Cyclocephala,  355 

elegans,  Callotillus,  487,  489 

Paracymus,  446,  464 

Tetraopes,  82 

Tillus,  489,  490 

vafer,  Callotillus,  489,  490 

Eleodes,  172,  245,  247 
aeuticauda,  248,  280 
adumbrata,  249,  278,  280 
consorbina,  276 
discincta,  250,  278,  280 
erratica,  282,  283 
eschscholtzi  inflata,  249 
femorata,  242,  280 
gigantea  gentilis,  251,  280 
gigantea  var,  gentilis,  251 
gigantea  meridionalis,  251,  280 
gracilis,  276 
grandicollis,  240 
grandicollis  valida,  240,  280 
humeralis,  276 
inepta,  244,  278,  280 
innocens,  251,  280 
insularis,  239,  277,  278,  280 
iiisularis  terricola,  278,  280 
loretensis,  245,  280 
lucae,  249,  280 
lucae  var.  ecaudata,  249 
lucae  inflata,  249,  277,  280 
marthae,  243,  278,  283 
mexicana,  246,  280 
militaris,  243,  278,  280 
moesta,  246,  278,  280 
morbosa,  245,  278,  280 
mutilata,  250,  280 
omissa  peninsularis,  238,  278,  280 
omissa  pygmaea,  239,  280 

Eleodes  quadricollis,  276 
rossi,  241,  276,  280 
sanmartinensis,  240,  278,  280 
sanmartinensis  var.  moesta,  246 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


537 


simondsi,  247,  280 

valida,  240 

vanduzeei,  245,  280 
Eleodes    (Melaiieleodes)    omissa   peninsu- 
laris,  238 

(Melaiieleodes)  omissa  pygmaea,  239 

(Promus)  erratica,  282 

(Promus)  insularis,  239,  277 

(Promus)  insularis  terricola,  240,  277 

(Steneleodes)  innocens,  251 
ellipticus,  Cybister,  412,  463 

Hydrophilus,  443 

Tropisternus,  376,  443,  444 

Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus),  443 

Tropisternus  (Pristoternus),  439,  443, 
464 
Elmidae,  381 
elongata,  Silpha,  427 
elongatus,  Elopliorus,  427 

Merotemiius,  269 
Elopliorus  elongatus,  427 
embaphionides,  Asida,  229 

Platasida,  229,  280 
Emmenastrichus,  185 

cribratus,  185,  278 

erosus,  185,  278    • 
Emmenastus  longulus,  184 

obesus,  188 

pinguis,  188 

punctatus,  181 

subopacus,  187 
Emmenasustus  subopacus,  187 
Emmenides,  172 

absoletus,  182,  276,  278 

apicalis,  182,  277,  278 

catalinae,  182,  277,  278 

punctatus,  181,  278 

subdescalceatus,  183,  276-278 
emoryi,  Quercus,  117 
Enochrus,  425,  449,  450,  464 

esuriens,  450 

obtusiusculus,  453 

pygmaeus  complex,  452 
Enochrus  (Lumetus)  californicus,  451 

(Methydrus)  californicus,  450, 451, 464 

(Methydrus)   sp.  near  cristatus,  451, 
453,  464 

(Methydrus)  sp.  near  pectoralis,  451, 
453,  464 

(Metliydrus)  rissi,  451,  464 
Enoclerus,  506 

latecinctus,  506 

quadrisignatus,  486,  506 


Enopliinae,  488,  512 
Enoplium  damicorne,  512 

scabripenne,  513 

thoracicum,  513 
(Enoplurus),  subgenus,  429,  464 

miles,  Berosus,  429,  431,  464 

punctatissimus,  Berosus,  429,  430,  464 
ensenada,  Serica,  346 

(fEiitomosterna)   basalis,  Sphaenotheeus, 
62 

pallidus,  Sphaenotheeus,  63 
epactius,  Aedes,  166 
Epantius  obscurus,  238,  280 
(Epantius)  obscurus,  Eulabis,  238 
Ephyriades  dilucida,  307 
(Epimetopinae),  423 
Epinietopus,  423,  426,  427,  454,  464 

costatus,  427 

thermarum,  426,  464 
epinolus,  Aedes,  165 
Epiphloeinae,  488 
Epitragus  pruinosus,  198 
Eplophorus,  56 

bicinctus,  56 

bicinctus  bicinctus,  57 

bicinctus  peninsular: s,  56 
Eremoleon,  134 

affine,  144 

longior,  144 

niacer,  144 
nigribasis,  143,  144 
Eresia  smerdis,  297 
Eretes,  386,  414,  463 

sticticus,  377,  415,  462 

stricticus,  463;  i.e.,  sticticus  as  above 
(Eretini),  386 
Eriodictyon,  101 
Eriogonum,  114 

gracile,  325 

inflatum,  113 
erosum,  Metoponium,  175,  278 
erosus,  Emmenastrichus,  185,  278 

Eusattus,  190 

manuelis,  Megasattus,  190,  277,  279 

Megasattus,  190,  277-279 
errans,  Pamphila,  310 

Panoquina,  310 

Prenes,  310 
erratica,  Eleodes,  282,  283 

Eleodes  (Promus),  282 
eruca,  Lemaireocereus,  10 
Erycinidae,  299 
Erynnis  funeralis,  307 


538 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


erythrogaster,  Odynerus,  322 
Eschsclioltzi  group,  249 
eschscholtzi  inflata,  Eleodes,  249 
essigi,  Symphylella,  157 
estebani,  Steriphanus,  185,  277,  279 
Estola,  80 

picta,  78 

sordida,  77 

tigrina,  78 
Estoloides  sparsa,  78 

sordida,  77,  78 
esuriens,  Enochrus,  450 
eubule,  Callidryas,  292 

Catopsilia,  292 

Papilio,  292 

Phoebis,  292 
Euchloe  cethura  deserti,  291 

sara  reakirti,  291 
Eudamus  albofasciatus,  305 

amisus,  305 

dorantes,  305 

proteus,  305 

protillus,  305 
Euderces  parallelus,  57 
eufala,  Hesperia,  309 

Lerodea,  309 
Eulabis  (Epautius)  obscurus,  238 
Eumenes  aureus,  315,  316 

bollii,  315 

belfragei  aureus,  315 

coyotae,  315 

erassicornis,  314 

iturbidae  pedalis,  314 

pachygaster,  314 

pedalis,  314 

smithii  belfragei,  315 

tricinctus,  315 

verticalis  tricinctus,  314,  315 
Eumeninae,  Hymenoptera:,  by  E.  M,  Bo- 
hart,  313-336 
eumimetes,  Culex,  169 
Eunectes,  414 
Eupatorium,  74 
Eupsophulus  castaneus,  273,  277,  281 

horni,  273,  281 
Eupsoplius  castaneus,  273 

horni,  273 
Euptoieta  hegesia,  296 
Eurema  boisduvaliana,  293 

daira,  292 

delia,  293 

demoditas,  293 

gundlachia,  293 


jacunda,  292 

lisa  euterpe,  294 

mexicana,  293 

nicippe,  293 

nise  perimede,  294 
Eurymetopon  bicolor,  173 

convexicolle,  173 

inflatum,  180 

longulum,  184 

obesum,  188 

punctulatum,  177 

rufipes,  275 

serratum,  176 

sodalis,   177 
eurystethus,  Arhopalus,  54 
eurythulus,  Thecla,  301 

Tmolus,  301 
Eusattodes  laevis,  192,  279 
Eusattus,  172 

ciliata,  194 

costatus,  191 

diffieilis,  193,  278,  279 

dubius,  192,  279 

erosus,  190 

laevis,  192 

productus,  193,  279 

sculptus,  194,  279 

secutus,  193,  279 
Euschides  convexus,  226 
Eustroma  validum,  35 
Eustromula  keif  eri,  86 

validum,  35,  86 
euterpe,  Colias,  294 

Eurema  lisa,  294 

Terias,  294 

Terias  lisa,  294 
Eutessus  asper,  73 
Eutomus  f  ulvomaculatus,  265 
Evander  xanthomelas,  64 
Everes  amyntula,  304 
exaginatus,  Culex,  168 
excitans,  Culex,  168 
exesa,  Chrysobothris,  119 
exigua,  Clathroneuria,  135,  138 
exiguus,  Berosus,  432 
exilis,  Brephidium,  303 

Lycaena,  303 
Exocentrus  biustus,  70 
exolita,  Serica  alternata,  348 
expansus,  Brachynemurus,  135,  138 
explanatus,  Cybister,  377,'412,  413,  463 
exsoletus,  Eantus,  408 
extranea,  Phyllopliaga,  349 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


539 


extriatum,  Phaenonotum,  460 
Phaenonotum  sp.  near,  459 
Phaenotum  sp.  near,  464;  i.e.,  Phae- 
nonotum as  above 
f  abra,  Peritapnia,  75,  76 
faceta,  Acmaeodera,  106 
fallaciosainterstitialis,  Stibia,  205,  277,  279 
var.  interstitialis,  Stibia,  205 
Stibia,  205,  277-279 
fallax,  Acanthaclisis,  148 
falsa,  Acmaeops,  52 

Cortodera  (Aemaeopsilla),  52 
Leptacmaeops,  (Acmaeopsiia),  52 
farnesiana,  Acacia,  125 
f  asciata  var.  atritarsis,  Aedes,  168 
Gracilia,  50 

var.  lueiensis,  Stegomyia,  168 
var.  persistans,  Stegomyia,  168 
var.  queenslandensis,  Stegomyia,  168 
Stegomyia,  161,  168 
fasciatella,  Dupontiella,  517 
fasciatus,  Aedes,  168 
Culex,  168 
Dytiscus,  419 
Inscules,  168 
Ipochus,  23,  65 
Opilus,  517 
fascifera,  Cymatodera,  487,  491,  496 
fatigans,  Culex,  161,  170 

var.  luteoaunulatus,  Culex,  170 
var.  nigrirostris,  Culex,  170 
var.  trilineatus,  Culex,  170 
f  ea,  Lycaena,  303 
felicia,  Nathalis,  294 
felix,  Agrilis,  124;  i.e.,  Agrilus  as  below 
felix,  Agrilus,  124 
femoralis,  Psammoleon,  146 
f  emorata,  Eleodes,  242,  280 
f  eromatus,  Metaleptus,  60 
fenyesi,  Acmaeodera,  101 
ferruginea,  Podolasia,  340 
ferruglnea,  Stibia,  208,  279 
ferrugineum,  Tribolium,  268,  281 
festata,  Hypolycaena,  302 
Strymon,  302 

Strymon  (Hypolycaena),  289 
Ficus,  69 

palmeri,  9 
iidelis,  Gyascutus,  109 

filiformis,  Merotemnus,  277,  281;  see  also 
under  misspelled  "filifornis" 
Uloma,  269 


filifornis,  Merotemnus,  269;  i.e.,  filiformis 

as  above 
filiolus,  Pelonium,  514 
fimbriatum,  Cercyon,  377,  457,  458,  464 
fimbriatus,  Cercyon,  458 
fimbriolatum,  Dytiscus,  412 
(Pinalia)  atropalpus,  Aedes,  166 
fisheri,  Aneflus,  36 
fissipes,  Aulicus,  487,  509,  510 
flabellicornis,  Rhipidandrus,  265 
flaccida,  Asida,  230 

Platasida,  230,  280 

Vide,  229 
flavicornis,  Berosus,  435 
flavilla,  Anomala,  353,  354 

centralis,  Anomala,  354,  355 
flavocinctus,  Ophistomis,  53 

puncticollis,  Lissonotus,  64 
flavogriseus,  Eantus,  408,  410,  463 

Ehantus,  410 
flavomaculatus,  Hydaticus,  418 
flavomarginata,  Acmaeodera,  99 
flavosticta,  Acmaeodera,  101 
flohri,  Megadytes,  412 

Megadytes  sp.  near,  412,  463 

Vesperoctenus,  53 
floridae,  Pamphila,  309 
floridanus,  Derovatellus,  387 
floridum,  Cercidium,  110 
f  ormosus,  Culex,  168 
forreri,  Derobrachus,  25 

Derobraclius  geminatus,  25 
forte,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
fouchowensis,  Culex,  170 
Pouquieria  peninsularis,  8,  10 

splendens,  7 
foveicoUis,  Xecrobia,  517 
fragilis,  Copelatus,  405,  463 
franciscanus,  Anoj)heles,  161,  164 

Anopheles  (Anopheles)  pseudopuncti- 
pennis,  164 

Anopheles    pseudopunctipennis,    164, 
165 
"franciscanus,"    Anopheles   pseudopuncti- 
pennis form,  164 
franciscanus  var.  boydi.  Anopheles  pseu- 
dopunctipennis, 164 
frater,  Culex,  168 
fraterna,  Orthostibia,  211,  279 
fraternus,  Brachynemurus,  139 

Calinemurus  californicus  var.,  139 

Coelambus,  395 

Hydroporus,  395 


540 


CALIFOENIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc,  4th  See. 


Hygrotus  (Coelambus),  395,  463 

Megadytes,  411 

Megadytes  sp.,  near,  411,  463 
freeborni,  Anopheles,  162 

Anopheles  (Anopheles)  maculipennis, 
162 

Anopheles  maculipennis,  162 
frontalis,  Orthostibia,  209,  277,  279 

Eantus,  408 
fulvomaeulatus,  Eutomus,  265 
funeralis,  Erynnis,  307 

Nisoniades,  307 

Thanaos,  307 
f  unereus,  Deronectes,  376,  377,  397,  399, 463 

Hydroporus,  399 

Hydroporus  (Deronectes),  399 
furcata,  Hydnocera,  505 
fuscata,  Hydnocera,  505 
f  usculus,  ?  Laccophilus,  402 
fuscus,  Culicelsa,  170 
fusum,  Eygchium,  318 
gabbii,  Melitaea,  297 
galactinus,  Coenonympha  California,  296 

Satyrus,  296 
Ganimus  vittatus,  32 
^eminatus,  Braderochus,  25 

Derobrachus,  25 

Derobrachus  (Derobrachus),  25 

Derobrachus  geminatus,  25 

f  orreri,  Derobrachus,  25 

geminatus,  Derobrachus,  25 
genoa,  Hesperia,  309 
gentilis,  Eleodes  gigantea,  251,  280 

Eleodes  gigantea  var.,  251 
Geophilella,  154 

sp.,  154 
gibbicollis,  Asida,  229 

Trichiasida,  229,  280 
gibbosus,  Ligyrus,  357 

Scarabaeus,  357 
gibbula,  Acmaeodera,  10 
gigantea  gentilis,  Eleodes,  251,  280 

var.  gentilis,  Eleodes,  251 

meridionalis,  Eleodes,  251,  280 
gigas,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 

Monilema,  68 

Monilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
'glaber,  Corynetes,  517 
glabra,  Corynetes,  517 
globosus,  Coelus,  194,  279 
globulus,  Hydrophilus,  446 
Glaucothea,  7 
glaucus,  Hydrocharis,  436 


Gnaphalodes  trachyderoides,  34 

trachyderoides  var.  inermis,  34 
gnara,  Leocontella,  486,  502 
gnatho,  Mallodon,  24 
Gnathocerus  maxillosus,  266 
godarti,  Co  lias,  292 
Gonepteryx  clorinde,  292 

maerula,  292 
Goniophileurus,  359 

f  emoratus,  359 
Goniurus  kef  ersteinii,  305 

proteus,  305 
goughi,  Culex,  170 
gracile,  Erigonum,  325 
Gracilia,  49,  50 

f  asciata,  50 
gracilior,  Metaleptus,  60 
gracilipes,  Leiopus,  72 
gracilis,  Eleodes,  276 

mexicana,  Pseudomyrma,  57 

Ehinandrus,  272,  281 
grandicolle,  Anepsyra,  40 
grandicollis,  Eleodes,  240 

valida,  Eleodes,  240,  280 
granicollis,  Zopherodes,  214,  279 

Zopherus,  214 
graniger,  Ceratoderus,  426 
granosus,  Ammodonus,  263,  281 
granulata,  Stibia,  205,  277,  279 
granulatus,  Hippomelas  (Nanularia),  111 

Nocibiotes,  260,  262,  277,  281 

Notibius,  260 
granulif  era,  Cryptoglossa,  223,  276,  277,  280 
greggii,  Acacia,  62,  98 
griseolum,  Ibidion,  47  , 
griseus,  Dytiscus,  414 
Gschwendtnerhydrus,  subgenus,  412 
guadalupensis,  Conibius,  282 

Helops,  282 
guadeloupe,  Charis,  300 
Guayule,  358 
guerreri,  Odynerus,  318 
guerrero,  Odynerus,  318 

Eygchium,  318 
gulielmi,  Odynerus,  328 
gummosus,  Lemaireocereus,  10 
gundlachia,  Eurema,  293 

Terias,  293 
guttatus,  Osmidus,  34 
gutticollis,  Colymbetes,  408 
?,  Eantus,  408,  409,  463 

Ehantus,  408 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


541 


guttifera,  Acmaeodera,  107 

group  of  Acmaeodera,  The,  106,  107 
gyas,  Hemiargus,  304 

Lycaena,  304 
Gyascutus  caelatus,  110 

ealifornicus,  113 

fidelis,  109 

obliteratus,  109 

planicosta,  110 
Gyretes,  420 

Gyrinidae,  375,  376,  378-380,  420,  464 
Gyrinidae,  etc. — see:  Coleoptera:  Halipli- 

dae,  Dytiscidae,  etc.,  by  H.  B.  Leech 
Gyrinus,  420,  421,  464 

parcus  ?,  421,  464 

plicifer,  421,  464 

sublineatus,  422 
hageui,  Acanthaclisis,  148 

Paranthaclisis,  148 
halesus,  Atlides,  301 

Papilio,  301 

Thecla,  301 
Haliplidae,  375,  378-381,  463 
Haliplidae,  Dytiscidae,  Gyrinidae,  Hydro- 
philidae,    Limnebiidae ;    Coleoptera:,    by 
H.  B.  Leech,  375-484 
Haliplus,  381,  383,  463 

eoncolor,  377,  383,  463 

rugosus,  383,  384,  463 

sp.,  384,  463 
Haliplus  (Liaphlus)  eoncolor,  383 
Hamadryas  decora  carye,  298 
Hamaticherus  mexicanus,  33 
Hammaticherus  castaneus,  33 

mexicanus,  33 
hannai,  Stibia,  207 
Haplopappus  parishii,  61 
hartwegianus,  Trichodes,  508 
hegesia,  Euptoieta,  296 

Papilio,  296 
Helias  clericalis,  308 
Heliconiinae,  296 
Heliopetes  domicella,  306 

laviana,  306 
Helobata,  423,  424 
(Helocharae),  424 
Helochares,  425,  449,  454,  464 

bipunctatus,  455 

maculicollis,  454,  455 

normatus,  454,  455 
Helochares  (Hydrobaticus)  normatus,  454, 

464 
Helocharis,  454 


Helophilus,  454 
Helophoridae,  423 
(Helophorinae),  423 
Helophorus,  423,  425,  464 

leeontei,  426,  464 

obscurus,  426 
Helopioides,  197 
Helops  benitensis,  275,  278,  281 

guadalupensis,  282 

piceus,  269 

pinguis,  275,  281 

sp.,  275,  281 

sparsus,  274,  281 
Hemiargus  gyas,  304 

isola,  304 
Hemiosus,  424,  428,  464 

maculatus,  377,  428,  464 
Heodes  xanthoides,  303 
hermes,  Chrysophanus,  303 

Lycaena,  303 

Tharsalea,  303 
hespera,  Acanthaclisis,  148 

Vella,  148 
Hesperia  ancora,  308 

carin,  308 

communis  occidentalis,  306 

domicella,  306 

eufala,  309 

genoa,  309 

laviana,  306 

melane,  309 

montivaga,  306 

montivaga  occidentalis,  306 

nearchus,  306 

philetas,  306 

sabuleti,  309 

vvaco,  308 

zampa,  307 
Hesperiidae,  305 
Hesperiinae,  308 
Hesperoleon,  134,  135 

coquilletti,  135,  137 

digueti,  135 

dissimilis,  135,  136 

eiseni,  135, 137 

intermedius,  135, 136 

mexicanum,  134 

papago,  135,  137 

peninsulanus,  135,  136 

planus,  135,  136 

plectus,  136 

quadripunctatus,  135,  137 

sackeni,  135,  138 


542 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[Proc.  4th  Skr. 


singularis,  135,  137 
texanus,  136 
yavapai,  135,  137 
Heterasida  bifurca,  227,  277,  280 
connivens,  227 
subvittata,  228,  280 
tantilla,  227 
(Heterasida)  connivens,  Asida,  227 
Heteropterus  libya,  307 

procris,  308 
Heteropia  cyda,  306 
Heteryon,  459 

luniger,  458 
hensemaeon,  Culex,  170 
hidalgi,  Odynerus,  319 
hidalgo,  Odynerus,  319 

Eygchium,  319 
Hypermallus  truncatus,  87 
Hippomane  mancinella,  84 
Hippomelas,  111 
caelata,  110 
caelatus,  110 
obliterata,  109 
obliteratus,  109,  111,  112 
planicosta,  110 
sphenicus,  112 
Hippomelas,  (Nanularia)  californiea.  111, 
113 

(Nanularia)  cupreofusca,  111,  113 
(Nanularia)  granulatus,  111 
(Nanularia)  inyoensis,  111,  112 
hirsutus,  Poliaenus,  81 
liirta,  Cyelocephala,  356 
hirtipes,  Telabis,  178,  276,  278 
lioplites,  Berosus,  431 
liorni,  Dicerca,  114 

Eupsophulus,  273,  281 
Eupsophus,  273 
Trichodes,  486,  507 
hornii,  Prionus,  26 
huacliucae,  Anoplium,  35 
hulli,  Acmaeodera,  107 
humeralis,  Acmaeodera,  109 
Aulicus,  486,  509-511 
Eleodes,  276 
Prionus,  26 
Tropisternus,  440 
humuli,  Thecla,  302 
hybneri,  Dytiscus,  419 
(Hydaticini),386 
Hydaticus,  386,  419,  420,  463 
bimarginatus,  420 


flavomaculatus,  418 

marmoratus,  418 

spec,  420,  463 
Hydnocera  cribripennis,  505 

discoidea,  505 

furcata,  505 

fuscata,  505 

omogera,  503 
Hydradephaga,  380 
Hydraena,  423,  460 

riparia,  460 
Hydraenaires,  460 
Hydraenidae,  460 
Hydraenida?,  423 
Hydraeninae,  423 
Hydrobaticus,  subgenus,  454,  464 
(Hydrobaticus),  425 

normatus,  Helochares,  454,  464 
(Hydrobiae),  424 
(Hydrobiini),  424 
Hydrobius  dorsalis,  449 
(Hydrocantliini),  385 
Hydrocanthus,  385,  405,  463 

iricolor,  405 

sp.,  405,  463 
Hydrochara,  424,  435,  436,  464 

lineata,  464 
Hydrocharis,  435 

glaucus,  436 

lineatus,  436 
Hydrochidae,  423 
(Hydrocliinae),  423 
Hydrochous,  427 
Hydroehoiis,  427 
Hydrochus,  381,  423,  427,  464 

variolatus,  428,  464 
Hydrocus,  427 
Hydrophilidae,  375,  376,  378,  379,  381,  423, 

460,  464 
Hydrophilidae,  etc.,  see  Coleoptera:  Hali- 
plidae,  Dytiscidae,  etc.,  by  H.  B.  Leech 
(Hydrophilinae),  424 
(Hydrophilini),  424 
Hydrophiloidea,  375,  423,  460 
Hydrophilus,  424,  436,  438,  464 

aeneus,  446 

affinis,  450 

apicipalpis,  439 

bicolor,  450 

bipunctatus,  449 
calif  ornicus,  443,  444 
coUaris,  438 
dorsalis,  442 


Vol.  XXIV  J 


INDEX 


543 


ellipticus,  443 

globulus,  446 

impressus,  460 

insularis,  377,  437,  464 

lateralis,  438,  440 

lineatus,  436 

marginellus,  449 

melanoeeplialus,  450 

mergus,  440 

piceus,  436 

quadripunctatus,  450 

quisquilius,  457 

seminulum,  445 

triangularis,  376,  437,  441 
Hydrophilus  (Tropisternus)  dorsalis,  442 
(Hydroporinae),  384 
(Hydroporini),  385 
Hydroporus,  385,  387,  394-396,  463 

addendus,  397,  398 

adumbratus,  390 

affinis,  390 

amandus,  392 

cinctellus,  391 

corvinus,  399 

dispersus,  388 

duodecim  pustulatus,  396 

fraternus,  395 

funereus,  399 

latipes,  394 

latus,  397 

latissima,  389 

medialis,  395 

parvulus  ?,  396 

pinguis,  398 

pinguis  var.  conflueiitus,  398 

pulcher,  399 

roffi,  398 

striatellus,  399 

subtilis,  391 

vilis,  396,  397 
Hydroporus  (Deronectes)  corpulentus,  398 

(Deronectes)  funereus,  399 

(Deronectes)  pinguis  var.  confluentus, 
397 

(Deronectes)  striatellus,  399 
Hydroscaphidae,  381 
Hvdrous,  436 
Hydrous,  436 
(Hydrovatini),  385 
Hydrovatus,  385,  387,  388,  394,  463 

castaneus,  387 

major,  388 

sp.,  388,  463 


Hygrotus,  385,  387,  388,  394,  396,  463 

(Coelambus)  fraternus,  395,  463 

(Coelambus)  medialis,  395,  463 
Hylephila  phylaeus,  308 
Hylocrinus,  172,  182 

insularis,  183,  276,  278 

longulus,  184,  277,  278 

marginatus,  184,  278 

oblongulus,  183,  276,  278 
Hylocrinus  (Locrodes)  oblongulus,  183 

(Paravius)  marginatus,  184 
Hymenoptera:   Eumeninae  by  E.  M.  Bo- 
hart,  313-336 
hyperici,  Thecla,  302 
Hypermallus,  41 
Hypexilis,  48,  49 
(Hyphydrini),  385 
Hypogena  bi-impressa,  272 

tricornis,  271 
Hypolycaena  festata,  302 
(Hypolycaena)  festata,  Strymon,  289 
Ibervillea,  82 
Ibidion  asperulum,  46 

griseolum,  47 
Idria,  7 

columnaris,  7 
Hiatus,  Phileurus,  359 
Ilybiosoma  regularis,  406 
Ilybius  regularis,  406 
Ilyobius  oblongus,  406 
imbellis,  Aneflomorpha,  37 
impatiabilis,  Culex,  168 
implexa,  Belluga,  135,  139 
impostor,  Vella,  148 
impressa,  Argoporis,  231,  278,  280 
imjjressicollis,  Copelatus,  405 
impressicolUs,  Triphalopsis,  203,  279 
impressifrons,  Triphalus,  202,  279 
impressipennis,  Mastogenius,  127 
impressum,  Cryptopleurum,  377,  456,  464 
impressus,  Dytiscus,  381,  383 

Hydrophilus,  460 
impunctatus,  Pachymenes,  316 
inaequalis,  Dytiscus,  394,  396 

Microschatia,  224 

Pycnonotida,  224,  280 
incertus,  Opilus,  518 
incisus,  Acilius  (Thermonectus),  418 
incompletus,  Anoplocurius,  47 
inconstans,  Argoporis,  233,  276,  277,  280 
inepta,  Eleodes,  244,  278,  280 
ineptis,  Prionus,  26 

Prionus  californicus,  26 


544 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY    OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


ineptus,  Agrilus,  123 

inerme,  Anelaphus,  83 

inermis,  Gnaphalodes  trachyderoides 

var.,  34 
ines,  Thecla,  302 

Strymon  leda,  302 
inexorabilis,  Culex,  168 
inflata,  Eleodes  eschscholtzi,  249 

Eleodes  lucae,  249,  277,  280 
inflatum,  Eriogonuni,  113 

Eurymetopon,  180 
inflatus,  Cryptadius,  180,  278,  279 
infuscatus,  Berosus,  434 
infuscatus  1,  Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  434, 

464 
infuscatus,  Creniphilus,  446 
ingrata,  Terias,  293 
inliabilis,  Agrilus,  123 
innocens,  Eleodes,  251,  280 

Eleodes  (Steneleodes),  251 
insatiabilis,  Culex,  168 
inscriptus,  Puren,  147 
Inseules  f  asciatus,  168 
insignis,  Acmaeodera,  109 

Acmaeoderoides,  109 

Anoplodera,  51 

Laccopliilus,  401 

Leptura,  51 

Ortholeptura,  23,  51 

Xylotreclius,  22,  55 

insoletum,  Anoplium,  43 
insulare,  Dactylosternum,  459 
insularis,  Apseiia,  237,  278,  289 

Eleodes,  239,  277,  278,  280 

Eleodes  (Promus),  239,  277 

Hydrophilus,  377,  437,  464 

Hylocrinus,  183,  276,  278 

Ipochus,  23,  65 

Nesodes,  83 

Stethoxus,  437 

terricola,  Eleodes,  278,  280 

terricola,  Eleodes  (Promus),  240,  277 

var.  terricola,  Promus,  240 
integer,  Dineutes,  422 
intermedia,  Cymatodera,  491,  501 
intermedius,  Brachynemurus,  136 

Hesperoleon,  135,  136 

Thermonectes  basilaris  var.,  418 

interruptus,  Neoclytus,  55 
Ochtliebius,  461 
Ochthebius  (s.  str.),  461,  464 


interstitialis,   Stibia  fallaciosa,   205,   277, 
279 

Stibia  fallaciosa  var.,  205 
Introductory   Account   by   A.   E.   Michel- 

bacher  and  E.  S.  Ross,  1-20 
inyoeiisis,    Hippomelas    (Nanularia),   111, 

112 
iole,  Nathalis,  294 
Ipochus  fasciatus,  23,  65 

insularis,  23,  65 
Irene,  Nathalis,  294 
iricolor,  Hydrocanthus,  405 
Ironeus,  88 

pulcher,  88 
irroratum,  Elapliidion,  86 
irroratus,  Cerambyx,  86 

Clytus,  56 

jSTeoclytus,  56 

Eliopalopacliys,  56 

Stenocorus,  86 

Thermonectus,  415 
isabellae,  Cymatodera,  491,  496 

Scolopendrella,  154 

Symphylella,  157 
isabellae,  Symphylella,  154 
Ischocnemis  bivittatus,  63 

pallida,  63 
isola,  Hemiargus,  304 

Lycaena,  304 
istapa,  Thecla,  301 
iturbide,  Odynerus,  318 

pedalis,  Eumenes,  314 
jacunda,  Eurema,  292 

Terias,  292 

Xanthidia,  292 
jaguriana,  Acmaeodera,  107 
janthina,  Lebasiella,  515 

Loedelia,  515,  516 

Pelonides,  515 
janus,  Platydema,  265 
Jatropha,  9 

multifida,  106 
jathrophae,  Anartia,  298 

Papilio,  298 
juanita,  Thecla,  301 
Judolia  sexspilota,  52 
(Judolia)  6-spilota,  Anoplodera,  52 
Juglans,  65 

juliflora,  Prosopis,  98,  125,  268 
Juniperus,  28 

junki,  Acmaeodera,  106,  107 
Junonia  lavinia,  298 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


545 


keiferi,  Coniontides,  189,  278,  279 
keif  eri,  Eustromula,  86 
kefersteinii,  Goniurus,  305 
kellogg'ii,  Culex,  168 
Kompia,  167 

(Kompia)  purpureipes,  Aedes,  167 
Koryuetinae,  488,  514 
kounoupi,  Culex,  168 
kuschei,  Ascia  sevata,  295 

Pieris,  295 
labialis,  Argoporis,  232,  280 
labyrinthica,  Acmaeodera,  102 
Laecobius,  381,  425,  448,  464 

sp.,  449,  464 
(LaccopMlinae),  385 
Laccophilus,  385,  400,  402,  463 
atristernalis,  400,  401,  463 
calif  ornicus,  402 
decipiens,  377,  400,  402,  463 
fusculus,  402 
insignis,  401 
maculosus,  402 
pictus,  400 
shermani,  402 
terminalis,  400,  402,  463 
truncatus,  402 
lachrimans,  Culex,  170 
lacinia  crocale,  Chlosyne,  297 

Synehloe,  297 
lacunus,  Odynerrs,  328 
Stenodynerus,  328 
lacustris,  Agrilis,  125;  i.e.,  Agrilus  as  below 

Agrilus,  125 
Laecophilus  maculosus,  402 
laevicollis,  Cymatodera,  495 
Ligyrus,  357 
Opliistomis,  52,  53 
ventralis,  Opliistomis,  52 
laevis,  Eusattodes,  192,  279 
Eusattus,  192 
laevis,  Tropisternus,  440 
mergus,  Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus), 

440 
mergus,  Tropisternus  (Pristosternus), 

439,  440,  464 
Triorophus,  200,  277,  279 
Tropisternus  laevis,  440 
laeviventris,  Megasattus,  192,  277,  279 
laf  erti,  Pelosoma,  456 
Lagoelieirus  obsoletus,  69,  88 
Lagoehirus  araeniformis,  69 
longipennis,  88 


obsoletus,  69,  88 
procerus,  69 
Laguncularia  racemosa,  87 
Lamia  spinosa,  74 
Lampides  zachaeina,  304 
larreae,  Acmaeodera,  108 
latecinctus,  Clerus,  506 
Enoclerus,  506 

Thermonectes  basilaris  var.,  418 
latefascia,  Cymatodera,  491,  493 
lateralimarginalis,  Dytiscus,  412 
lateralis,  Chrysobothris,  116 
Dytiscus,  412 
Hydrophilus,  438,  440 
lateralis,  Tropisternus,  441 
limbalis,  Tropisternus,  442 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  65 
Tropisternus,  440 
Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus),  440 
Tropisternus  lateralis,  441 
subspp.,  Tropisternus  (Pristoternus), 
439,  440,  464 
Latheticus  prosopis,  268,  277,  281 
laticeps,  Pterocheilus,  317 

Pterocheilus  (Onchopterocheilus),  317 
Pterochilus,  317 
laticinctus,  Acilius,  418 

Clerus,  506 
laticolle,  Metoponium,  172 

Metoponium  abnorme,  172,  276,  278 
latipennis,  Telabis,  177,  276,  278 
latipes,  Hydroporus,  394 
latissima,  Desmopachria,  377,  388,  389,  463^ 

Hydroporus,  389 
latissimus,  Dytiscus,  414 
latiusculus,  Philhvdrus,  451 
latus,  Dytiscus,  411 
Hydroporus,  397 
Phaleria,  263,  276,  277,  281 
lauta,  Buprestis,  114 
laviana,  Heliopetes,  306 
Hesperia,  306 
Leucoehitonea,  306 
lavinia,  Junonia,  298 
Papilio,  298 
Precis,  298 
Lebasiella  janthina,  515 

maculicollis,  514 
leca,  Pyrgus,  306 
lecontei,  Blapstinus,  276 
Helophorus,  426,  464 
Prionus,  26 
Sitophagus,  270 


546 


CALIFOENIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


Lecontella,  488,  502 

gnara,  486,  502 
leda  ines,  Strymon,  302 

Strymon,  302 

Thecla,  302 
Leech,  H.  B.,  Coleoptera:  Haliplidae,  Dy- 
tiscidae,  Gyrinidae,  Hydrophilidae,  Lim- 
nebiidae,  375-484 
Leiodidae  (Liodidae),  423 
Leionotus,  subgenus,  414 
Leiopus,  70,  73 

alpha,  71,  72 

crassulus,  70 

gracilipes,  72 

mimeticus,  70 

nivosus,  73 

rosaUae,  71 

rossi,  71,  72 

sp.,  72 

Lemaireocereus  gummosus,  10 
eruca,  10 
thurberi,  9 

Lemonias  cythera,  300 
maxima,  300 
mormo,  299 
palmeri,  300 

(Lemonias)  maxima,  Apodemia,  289 
lengi,  Aneflomorpha,  38 

Lepidoptera:  Ehopalocera  by  F.  H.  Ringe, 

289-312 
lepidus,  Stenosphenus,  45 
Leptacmaeops  (Acmaeopsila)  falsa,  52 
Leptocera  bilineata,  63 
Leptochiloides,  314 
Leptochilus,  326,  327 

congressus,  324 

def  ormiceps,  328 

levinodus,  324 

michelbacheri,  326 

monotylus,  324 

propodealis,  325,  326 

Leptostylus  biustus,  70 

plumeoventris,  89 
Leptotes  marina,  303 
Leptura  insignia,  51 

sexspilota,  52 

6-spilota,  52 
Lerodea  arabus,  309 

dysaules,  309 

eufala,  309 

obscura,  309 


Leucoehitonea  laviana,  306 

pastor,  306 

pulverulenta,  307 
leucophaeum,  Corinthiscus,  512 
levinodus,  Leptochilus,  324 
levis,  Suphisellus,  376,  403,  404,  463 
Lianema,  48,  49 

tenuicornis,  48 
(Liaphlus)  concolor,  Haliplus,  383 
libya,  Heteropterus,  307 

Pholisora,  307 
Libythea  bachmanii,  299 
Libytheidae,  299 
Ligyrus  bryanti,  357 

gibbosus,  357 

laevicollis,  357 

ruginasus,  358 
limbalis,  Tropisternus,  376,  440 

Tropisternus  limbalis,  442 
limbatus,  Araeoschizus,  214,  279 
Limnebiaires,  460 

Limnebiidae,  375,  378,  381,  423,  460,  464 
Limnebiidae,  etc.,  see  Coleoptera:  Halipli- 
dae, Dytiscidae,  etc.,  by  H.  B.  Leech 
Limnebiinae,  423 
Limnebius,  423,  460 

saturalis,  446 
linda,  Terias,  294 
lineata,  Hydrochara,  436,  464 

Methia,  30 
lineaticolle,  Pelonium,  514 
lineatus,  Canthydrus,  404 

Hydrocharis,  436 

Hydrophilus,  436 

Malacopterus,  32 

Suphis,  403,  404 

Suphisellus,  376,  403,  404,  463 
Linsley,  E.  G.,  Coleoptera:  Cerambycidae, 

21-96 
linsleyi,  Aulicus,  509,  511,  516 
Liodessus,  subgenus,  390,  394 
(Liodidae),  Leiodidae,  423 
Liopus  crassulus,  70 
lisa  euterpe,  Eurema,  294 

euterpe,  Terias,  294 
Lissonotus  flavocinctus  puncticollis,  64 

lucanus,  64 

multif  asciatus,  64 

multif  asciatus  var.  puncticollis,  64 
Listrochelus,  subgenus,  352 

carminator,  350 

densicollis,  350 

mucoreus,  352 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


547 


obtusus,  352 

puberulus,  352 

texanus,  352 
(Listrochelus)    carminator,    Phyllophaga, 
337,  351 

densicollis,  Phyllophaga,  337,  350 

michelbacheri,  Phyllophaga,  351 

miraflora,  Phyllophaga,  350 

mucorea,  Phyllophaga,  352 

peninsularis,  Phyllophaga,  352 

pilosipes,  Phyllophaga,  352 

venodiola,  Phyllophaga,  351 
lividus,  Dytiscus,  454 
lixa,  Chrysobothris,  122 
lobigenis,  Nothopleurus,  24 

Stenodontes  (Nothopleurus),  24 
(Locrodes)  oblongulus,  Hylocrinus,  183 
Loedelia,  514,  516 

janthina,  515,  516 

maculicollis,  486,  514,  516 

peninsularis,  514,  515,  516 
longicolle,  Cerambyx,  33 
longior,  Eremoleon,  144 
longipalpis,  Brachynemurus,  133,  138 

Scotoleon,  138,  139 
longipennis,  Lagohirus,  88 
longipes,  Argoporis,  232,  280 

Ehopalophora,  59 . 

Stenocorus,  59 

Tinopus,  59 
(longipes),  Ehopalophorus,  59 
longula,  Cyclocephala,  356 

Cymatodera,  491,  498,  500 
longulum,  Eurymetopon,  184 
longulus,  Emmenastus,  184 

Hylocrinus,  184,  277,  278 
Lophocereus,  10 

australis,  66 

schottii,  66 
Lophopoeum  volitans,  80 
loretensis,  Eleodes,  245,  280 
Lotus  scoparium,  325 
louisianum,  Khygchium,  318 
lucae  var.  ecaudata,  Eleodes,  249 

Eleodes,  249,  280 

inflata,  Eleodes,  249,  277,  280 

Pelidnota,  353 
lucana,  Acmaeodera,  103-105 
lucanus,  Agrilus,  127 

Lissonotus,  64 

Stenosphenus,  44 

Styloxus,  28 
luciensis,  Stegomyia  f  asciata  var.,  168 


lugens,  Agabus,  407 

Lumetus,  subgenus,  450 

(Lumetus)  ealifornicus,  Enochrus,  451 

luniger,  Cercyon,  458 

Heteryon,  458 
lunigerum,  Cercyon,  377,  457,  458,  464 
lunulata,  Telabis,  178,  277,  278 
luridus,  Dytiscus,  429 
luteoannulatus,  Culex  fatigans  var.,  170 
luteolus,  Nathalis,  294 
lutosus,  Agabus,  407 
Lycaena  acmon,  304 

alee,  304 

amyntula,  304 

antaegon,  304 

astragala,  304 

battoides,  304 

exilis,  303 

fea,  303 

gyas,  304 

hermes,  303 

isola,  304 

marina,  303 

pseudargiolus  echo,  305 

xanthoides,  303 
Lycaenidae,  301 
Lycaeninae,  303 

Lycaenopsis  pseudargiolus  echo,  305 
Lyctus,  518 
Lymnas  acroleuca,  299 

cephise  acroleuca,  299 
Lypsimena,  79 

tigrina,  78 
Lvsiloma  Candida,  9 
macer,  Eremoleon,  144 
macleayi,  Culex,  170 
macra,  Thymelicus,  308 
Macrocercyon,  459 
Macrodytes,  subgenus,  414 
(Maerodytes)  marginicollis,  Dyticus,  41-4 
Macrotelus  ealifornicus,  488 
Macrovatellus,  379,  384,  387,  463 

mexicanus,  377,  387,  463 
maculatus,  Acilius,  418 

Acilius  (Thermonectus),  418 

Hemiosus,  377,  428,  464 
maculicollis,  Corynetes,  514 

Helochares,  454,  455 

Lebasiella,  514 

Loedelia,  486,  514,  516 

var.  nigricollis,  Corynetes,  514,  51 5 

Phyllophaga,  349 
maculifrons,  Philhydrus,  452 


548 


CALIFOEXIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


niaculipennis,  Anopheles,  161,  162 

Anopheles  (Anopheles),  162 

freeborni,  Anopheles,  162 

freeborni.  Anopheles  (Anopheles),  162 

oceidentalis.  Anopheles,  163 

var.  typicus.  Anopheles,  162 
maculosus,  Laccophilus,  402 

Laecophilus,  402 
maerens,  Notoxus,  518 
maerula,  Anteos,  292 

Gonepteiyx,  292 

Papilio,  292 
magnus,  Neoclytus,  56 
major,  Hydrovatus,  388 
Malacopterus  lineatus,  32 

mexicanus,  32 

tenellus,  32 

vittatus,  32 
Mallodon  angustmn,  85 

gnatho,  24 

mandibulare,  24 

masticator,  85 

molarium,  25,  83 
(Mallodon)   dasytomis  masticator,  Steno- 
dontes,  85 

dasytomis,  Stenodontes,  85 

masticator,  Stenodontes,  85 

molarius,  Stenodontes,  25,  83 
mancinella,  Hippomane,  84 
mandibulare,  Mallodon,  24 
mandibularis,  Dendrobias,  64 

Trachyderes,  64 
Mansonia,  167 

manuelis,  Megasattus  erosus,  190,  277,  279 
Maracandula,  134 

bellula,  141 

minima,  140 

pygmaeus,  141 
marginalis,  Dytiscus,  413,  414 
marginata,  Ulosonia,  271,  277,  281 
marginatus,  Hylocrinus,  184,  278 

Hylocrinus  (Paravius),  184 

Oxoplus,  21,  62 

Tropisternus,  440 

margineguttatus,  Acilius  (Thermonectus), 
419 

Thermonectes,  419 

Thermonectus,  416,  419,  463 
marginellus,  Hydrophilus,  449 
marginicollis,  Dyticus  (Macrodytes),  414 

Dytiscus,  377,  414 

Dytiscus  (Dytiscus),  414,  463 


Marie opodynerus  permandibularis,  321 

pulvipilus,  321 
marina,  Leptotes,  303 

Lycaena,  303 
maritima,  Coelomorpha,  195,  279 
marmoratus,  Hydaticus,  418 

Thermonectes,  418 

Thermonectus,  416,  418,  463 
martha,  Chrysobothris,  122 
marthae,  Eleodes,  243,  278,  283 
martinensis,  Stibia  puncticollis,  207,  278, 

279 
masculicollis,  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga), 

349;  i.e.,  maculicollis 
masticator,  Mallodon,  85 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon),  85 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  dasytomis,  85 
Mastogenius  impressipennis,  127 
maxillosus,  Echocerus,  266,  281 

Gnathocerus,  266 
maxima,  Apodemia  (Lemonias),  289 

Apodemia  mormo,  300 

Lemonias,  300 
mckenziei,  Serica,  346 
Mecotetartus  antennatus,  73 
medialis,  Coelambus,  395 

Hydroporus,  395 

Hygrotus  (Coelambus),  395 
Megacyllene  antennata,  54 
Megadytes,  386,  463 

flohri,  412 

sp.,  near  flohri,  412,  463 

fraternus,  411 

sp.,  near  fraternus,  411,  463 
Meganostoma  cesonia,  291 
(Megapterocheilus)     peninsnlaris,    Ptero- 

cheilus,  317 
Megasattus,  172 

araneosus,  191,  276,  279 

costatus,  191,  278,  279,  283 

erosus,  190,  277-279 

erosus,  manuelis,  190,  277,  279 

laeviventris,  192,  277,  279 

sternalis,  191,  279 
Megasoma  thersites,  358 
Megasomina  thersites,  358 
(Megasternini),  425 
Melanastus  obesus,  188,  279 
melane,  Atrytone,  309 

Hesperia,  309 

Poanes,  309 
Melaneleodes,  239 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


549 


(Melaneleodes)   omissa  peninsularis,  Ele- 
odes,  238 

omissa  pygmaea,  Eleodes,  239 
melanocephalus,  Hydrophilus,  450 
melinus,  Strvmon,  302 

Thecla,  302 
Melitaea  gabbii,  297 

sonora,  297 

texana,  297 
mentalis,  Mycotrogus,  269,  281 
mergus,  Hydrophilus,  440 

Tropisternus    (Cypliostethus)    laevis, 
440 

Tropisternus     (Pristoternus)     laevis, 
439,  440,  464 
meridionalis,  Eleodes  gigantea,  251^  280 
Merotemnus  elongatus,  269 

filiformis,  277,  281 

filifornis,  269;  i.e.,  filiformis  as  above 
Mestra  amymone,  297 
Metaleptus,  60 

femoratus,  60 

gracilior,  60 
metalliceps,  Berosus,  376,  432,  462 

Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  432,  464 
Methia,  28,  29 

arizonica,  30 

brevis,  29-31 
Methia  debilis,  28 

lineata,  30 

pallidipennis,  32 

picta,  29,  31,  32 

separata,  30,  31 

subarmata,  31 
(Methlini),  385 
Methydrus,  subgenus,  450,  464 
(Metliydrus)   californicus,  Enoclirus,  450, 
451,  464 

sp.,  near  cristatus,  Enochrus,  451,  453, 
464 

sp.  near  pectoralis,  Enochrus,  451,  453, 
464 

rossi,  Enochrus,  451,  464 
Metopoloba  densiventris,  199,  278,  279 

pruinosa,  198,  279 

subpilosa,  199,  279 
Metoponium,  172 

abnorme  laticolle,  172,  276,  278 

angelicum,  174,  278 

bicolor,  173,  277,  278 

convexicolle,  173,  278 

erosum,  175,  278 


laticolle,  172 

paciticum,  173,  278 

trans versum,  174,  278 
mexicana,  Eleodes,  246,  280 

Eurema,  293 

Pseudomyrma  gracilis,  57 

Terias,  293 
mexicanum,  Hesperoleon,  134 
mexicanus,  Alastoroides,  322 

Colymbetes,  410 

Edrotes,  276 

Hamaticherus,  33 

Hammaticherus,  33 

Macrovatellus,  377,  387,  463 

Malacopterus,  32 

Odynerus  (Alastor),  323 

Eantus,  408,  410,  463 

Ehantus,  410 

Suphisellus,  404 
Michelbacher,  A.  E,,  Symphyla,  153-160 
Michelbacher,  A.  E.,  and  Eoss,  E.  S.,  Intro- 
ductory Account,  1-20 
michelbacheri,  Anelaphus,  42,  43 

Centrioptera,  222,  279 

Chrysobothris,  120 

Leptochilus,  326 

Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  67 
michelbacheri,  Phyllophaga  (Listroche- 

lus),  351 
michelbacheri,  Serica,  345 
Micromes  ovipennis,  200,  278,  279 
microphylla,  Parkinsonia,  124 
Microschatia  championi,  225,  280 

inaequalis,  224 

punctata,  225 

puncticollis,  225 
microstictus,  Odynerus,  328 

Stenodynerus,  328 
micylla,  Carystus,  309 
miles,  Berosus,  431 

Berosus  (Enoplurus),  429,  431,  464 
militaris,  Eleodes,  243,  278,  280 
mimeticus,  Leiopus,  70 
Mimosa,  70 

minacis,  Cymatodera,  491,  497-499 
minima,  Maracandula,  140 
minor,  Culex,  170 

Triphalopsis,  203,  276,  279 
minuta,  Chrysomela,  448 
minutum,  Sphaeridium,  455 
minutus,  Dytiscus,  400 
miraflora,  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  350 
mitchelli,  Cymatodera,  501 


550 


CALIF  OMNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


mixta,  Serica,  348 
modesta,  Thecla,  301 
moerens,  Berosus,  434 

Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  434,  464 

Notoxus,  518 
moesta,  Eleodes,  246,  278,  280 

Eleodes  sanmartinensis  var.,  246 
moestus,  Anelaphus,  42 
molarium,  Mallodon,  25,  83 
molarius,  Stenodontes,  83 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon),  25,  83 
Moneilema  subrugosum,  21 
Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  colossa,  68 


(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 
(Collapteryx 


eonstricta,  68 
forte,  68 
gigas,  68 
lateralis,  65 
michelbacheri,  67 
opaca,  65 
pimalis,  68 
plectralis,  68 
pollens,  68 
rugosissima,  66 
semipunctata,  66,  67 
semipunctatum,  66 
sp.,  67 

spinicollis,  68 
spoliata,  67,  68 
spoliatum,  68 
subrugosa,  65,  66 
subrugosum,  65,  66 
uteana,  68 


(Collapteryx 
Monilema  gigas,  68 

semipunctatum,  66 

spoliatum,  68 

subrugosum,  65 
Monilema  (Collapteryx)  gigas,  68 

(Collapteryx)  semipunctatum,  66 

(Collapteryx)  spoliatum,  68 

(Collapteryx)  subrugosum,  65 
Monobia  bicolor,  322 

californica,  317 

sylvatica,  318 

texana,  317 
Monophylla,  488 

californica,  486,  488 

substriata,  488 
monotylus,  Leptochilus,  324 

Odynerus,  324 
Montezumia,  314 
montivaga,  Hesperia,  306 

oceidentalis,  Hesperia,  306 
monuste  raza,  Ascia,  289,  295 


morbillosus,  Asida  (Pelecyphorus),  225 

Pelecyphorus,  225,  280 
morbosa,  Eleodes,  245,  278,  280 
mormo,  Apodemia,  299 

cytliera,  Apodemia,  300 

Lemonias,  299 

maxima,  Apodemia,  300 

virgulti,  Apodemia,  299 
mormonia,  Chrysobia,  299 
morosus,  Clytus  (Eliopalopacliys),  56 

Ehopalopachys,  56 
morrisonii,  Aneae,  299 
Morus,  69,  70 
mosquito,  Culex,  168 

mucorea,  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  352 
mucoreus,  Listrochelus,  352 
mucronatus,  Steriphanus,  185,  277,  279 
multifasciatus,  Lissonotus,  64 

var.  puncticollis,  Lissonotus,  64 
multifida,  Jatrophora,  106 
mumarium,  Necrobia,  517 
muricata,  Centrioptera,  220,  279 

Coelotaxis,  281 
muricata,  Ortliostibia,  210,  279 
muricata,  Pinus,  52 
mutilata,  Eleodes,  250,  280 
Mycotrogus  angustus,  269 

mentalis,  269,  281 
Myrmeleon,  134 

rusticus,  147 
Myrmeleonidae,  Neuroptera:,  by  N.  Banks, 

133-152 
Myscelia  skinneri  streckeri,  298 

streckeri,  289,  298 
Nanularia,  111,  112 

?  californica,  113 

cupreofusca,  113 

of  Hippomelas,  the  subgenus,  111 
(Nanularia)  californica,  Hippomelas,  111, 
113 

cupreofusca,  Hyppomelas,  111,  113 

granulatus,  Hippomelas,  111 

inyoensis,  Hippomelas,  111,  112 
nanulum,  Anoplium,  87 
nanus,  Copaeodes,  308 
natator,  Dytiscus,  420 
Nathalis  f  elicia,  294 

iole,  294 

irene,  294 

luteolus,  294 
Nealocomerus,  412 
nearchus,  Hesperia,  306 
nebulosus  var.  cristatus,  Philhydrus,  453 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


551 


Necrobia,  514,  516 

amethystina,  517 

foveicollis,  517 

mumarium,  517 

pilifera,  517 

pilifera  var.  aeneipennis,  517 

pilifera  var.  cupreonitens,  517 

rufipes,  516,  517 
Nef  oncerus,  338 

convergens,  338 
XemeolDius  dumeti,  299 

virgulti,  299 
nemesis  australis,  Calephalis,  300 

Calephalis,  300 

Charis,  300 
Xeoclytus  Augusti,  88 

augusti,  88 

balteatus,  56 

interruptiis,  55 

irroratus,  56 

magnus,  56 

peninsularis,  55 
neomexicana,  Cymatodera,  498 
Neoptychodes  trilineatus,  68 
nereus,  Pamphila,  309,  310 
nero,  Aulicus,  509,  510 
Netroneurus,  134 

pulchellus,  140 

pulchellus  var.  pallescens,  140 
Xesodes  insularis,  83 
Neuroptera:  Myrmeleonidae  by  X.  Banks, 

133-152 
nexa,  Acmaeodera,  101 
nexus,  Trichodes,  507 
nicippe,  Eurema,  293 

Papilio,  293 

Terias,  293 
niger,  Aedes,  165 

Coenopoeus,  69 

Taeniorhynchus,  165 

Tropisternus  (Tropisternus),  438 
nigeria,  Stegomyia,  168 
nigrihasis,  Eremoleon,  143,  144 
nigricollis,  Corynetes  maculicollis  var.,  514, 

515 
nigrirostris,  Cnlex  fatigans  var.,  170 
nigrofasciatus,    Acilius     (Thermonectus), 
416 

Thermonectes,  416 
Thermonectes  ornaticollis  var.,  416 
Thermonectus,  416,  417,  463 
nigropilosa,  Amphidora,  252,  280 
nigrovittata,  Eburia,  35,  86 


nimbatus,  Thermonectus,  418 

Tropisternus,  440,  442 
nise  perimede,  Eurema,  294 
Xisoniades  australis,  308 
clitus,  308 
funeralis,  307 
nitens,  Tropisternus,  440 
nitida,  Avicennia,  87 
nitidula,  Phyllophaga,  349 
niveiventris,  Agrilus,  124 
niveus,  Culex,  168 
nivosus,  Leiopus,  73 

Xocibiotes  granulatus,  260,  262,  277,  281 
normaUs,  Psammoleon,  145 
normatus,  Helochares,  454,  455 

Helochares  (Hydrobaticus),  454,  464 
normatus,  Philhydrus,  454 
notatus,  Eantus,  408 
(Xoterinae),  385 
Noterus  bicolor,  403 
Xothopleurus  lobigenis,  24 
(Xothopleurus)  lobigenis,  Stenodontes,  24 
Notibius  costipennis,  260 
granulatus,  260 
opacus,  258 
puberulus,  259,  281 
reflexus,  259 
sulcatus,  262 
noticeps  clarki,  Stenodynerus,  331 
noticeps,  Stenodynerus,  330 
Stenodynerus,  330 
Stenodynerus  noticeps,  331 
Xotoxus  maerens,  518 
moerens,  518 
univittatus,  517 
novatus,  Stenosphenus,  44 
nudicornis,  Peritapnia,  75,  76 
Tapaenia  (?),  75 
Tapeina,  75 
Nymphalidae,  296 
Nymphalinae,  296 
Nymphalis  (Thymetes?)  aidea,  299 
obesum,  Eurymetopon,  188 
obesus,  Emmenastus,  188 
Melanastus,  188,  279 
obliquus,  Blapstinus,  254 
obliquus,  Poliaenus,  81 

Ulus,  254,  280 
oblita,  Cymatodera,  491,  499,  500 
obliterata,  Chalcophora,  109 
Hippomelas,  109 


55 


FiO. 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 


[Proc.  4tii  Ser. 


obliteratus,  Gyascutus,  109 

Hippomelas,  109,  111,  112 

Xylotrechus,  55 
oblongulus,  Hylocrinus,  183,  276,  278 

Hylocrinus  (Locrodes),  183 
oblongus,  Conibius,  257,  280 
oblongus,  Ilyobius,  406 
Obrium  bruniieum,  51 

constricticolle,  51 

discoideum,  50 

peninsulare,  51 
Obrium  (Pliyton)  discoideum,  50 
obscura,  Lerodea,  309 
obscurella,  Osmidus,  34 
obscurus,  Ammopliorus,  238,  280 

Dytiscus,  400 

Epantius,  238,  280 
■     Eulabis  (Epantius),  238 

Helophorus,  426 

Pleurhomus,  442 

Tropisternus,  442 

Tropisternus  (Cypliostetlius),  442 

Tropisternus  (Pristoternus),  439,  442, 
464 
obsoleta,  Stethasida,  231 
obsoletus,  Lagocheirus,  69,  88 

Lagochirus,  69,  88 

Trichodes  ornatus  var.,  508 
obtusa,  Trimytis,  195,  277,  279 
obtusiusculus,  Enochrus,  453 
obtusus,  Bidessus,  393 

Listrochelus,  352 
occidentalis,  Anopheles,  162,  163 

Anopheles  maculipennis,  163 

Hesperia  communis,  306 

Hesperia  montivaga,  306 

Pyrgus,  306 

tesselata,  Urbanus,  306 

Tillus,  489 
ocellifera,  Thecla,  301 

(Ochlerotatus)  taeiniorhynchus,  Aedes,  165 
Ochrosidia  ocularis,  355 

pasadenae,  357 
Ochthebius,  423,  460,  464 

interruptus,  461 

sculfttus,  461 
Octhebius,  423 
octocola,  Chrysobothris,  115 
ocularis,  Ochrosidia,  355 
Odynerus  aeoliuues,  324 

annulatum,  319 

arizonaensis,  329 

bairdi,  319 


bicolor,  322 

boscii  azotoptus,  320 

calif  ornicus,  323 

canaliculatus,  318 

clusinus,  319 

congressus,  324 

designatus,  318 

dorsalis,  318 

ductus,  319 

erythrogaster,  322 

guerreri,  318 

guerrero,  318 

gulielmi,  328 

hidalgi,  319 

hidalgo,  319 

iturbide,  318 

lacunus,  328 

microstictus,  328 

monotylus,  324 

pimorum,  317 

pratensis,  319 

saussurei,  323 

toltecus,  329 

xantliianus,  328 

xantianus,  328 
Odynerus  (Alastor)  mexicanus,  323 
Olibrus,  458 
Olneya,  115 
omissa  peninsularis,  Eleodes,  238,  278,  280 

peninsularis,  Eleodes  (Melaneleodes), 
238 

pygmaea,  Eleodes,  239,  280 

pygmaea, Eleodes  (Melaneleodes),  239 
omoger,  Phyllobaenus,  487,  503,  504 
omogera,  Hydnocera,  503 
omogeroides,  Phyllobaenus,  503,  504 
Omoscylon  subrugosum,  65 
Oncerus,  338 

convergens,  338 
(Onchopterocheilus)  laticeps,Pterochcilus, 
317 

pimorum,  Pterocheilus,  317 
Oncideres,  76 
■    cingulatus,  76 

pustulatus,  76 

putator,  76 

rhodosticta,  76 

sp.,  76 

trinodata,  76 
Oochila  seriata,  221 
(Ooconibius)  opacus,  Conibius,  258 

reflexus,  Conibius,  259 
opaca,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  65 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


553 


opacus,  Conibius,  258,  276,  277,  280 

Conibius  (Ooconibius),  258 

Cynaeus,  267 

Notibius,  258 
Ophistomis,  53 

flavocinctus,  53 

laevicollis,  52,  53 

laevicollis  ventralis,  52 

rostrata,  52 

rufiventris,  53 

ventralis,  52,  53 
Opilus  albofasciatus,  517 

fasciatus,  517 
Opilus  incertus,  518 

univittatus,  517 
opinabilis,  Acmaeodera,  102,  105 
Opuntia,  7,  9,  10,  76 

bigelovii,  67 
ordinatum,  Elaphidion,  87 
ornaticollis,  Acilius,  415 

Acilius  (Thermonectus),  415 

var.  nigrofasciatus,  Thermonectes,  416 

Thermonectus,  417 
ornatus  var.  obsoletus,  Trichodes,  508 

tenellus,  Trichodes,  508 

var.  tenellus,  Trichodes,  508 

Trichodes,  507,  508 
Ortholeptura,  51 

insignis,  23,  51 
Orthopleura,  512 

damicornis,  512,  513 

damicornis  var.  texana,  513 

texana,  512,  513 
Orthostibia,  209,  210 

fraterna,  211,  279 

frontalis,  209,  277,  279 

muricata,  210,  279 
Osmidus  guttatus,  34 

obscurella,  34 

vestitus,  34 
ovalis,  Peltodytes,  382 
oviceps,  Symphylella,  157 
ovipennis,  Cymatodera,  486 
ovipennis,  Micromes,  200,  278,  279 

Stibia,  200 
Oxygrylius,  358 

peninsularis,  358 

ruginasus,  358 
oxilus,  Papilio,  291 
Oxoplus  cruentatus,  62 

cruentus,  21,  62 

marginatus,  21,  62 


Paehodynerus,  322,  324 

californicus,  323,  324 
Pachycereus,  7-11,  456,  459 

pecten-aboriginum,  74 

pringlei,  7,  74 
Pachycormus,  7,  8 

discolor,  7 
paehygaster,  Eumenes,  314 
Pachymenes,  316 

impunctatus,  316 

symmorphus,  316 
pacificum,  Metoponium,  173,  278 

pacificum,  Smodicum,  85 

peninsulare,  Smodicum,  27 

Smodicum,  27,  85 

Smodicum  pacificum,  85 
pacificus,  Ecyrus,  80 
pallens,  Coelomorpha,  195,  278,  279 

Stenocorus,  33 
pallescens,  Netroneurus  pulchellus  var.,  140 
pallida,  Ischocnemis,  63 

Taranomis,  63 
pallidus,  Sphaenothecus,  63 

Sphaenothecus  ( ?Entomosterna),  63 
pallidicornis,  Coniontis,  276 
pallidipennis,  Methia,  32 
palmacollis,  Agrilus,  125 

Agrilis,  125;  i.e.,  Agrilus  as  above 
palmeri,  Apodemia,  300 

Coenopoeus,  70 

Ficus,  9 

Lemonias,  300 
Palpicornia,  375,  381,  463 
palustris,  Dytiscus,  395 
Pamphila  arabus,  309 

brettoides,  308 

bucephalus,  308 

errans,  310 

floridae,  309 

hala,  308 

nereus,  309,  310 
Panoquina  errans,  310 
papago,  Brachynemurus,  137 

Hesperoleon,  135,  137 
Papilio  asterius,  291 

astinous,  290 

asychis,  307 

caesonia,  291 

carduelis,  298 

cardui,  297 

columella,  301 

colon,  308 

cresphontes,  291 


554 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4:TH  Ser. 


delia,  293 

dorantes,  305 

ecclipsis,  292 

eubule,  292 

halesus,  301 

hegesia,  296 

jatrophae,  298 

lavinia,  298 

maerula,  292 

nicippe,  293 

oxilus,  291 

passiflorae,  296 

phareus,  308 

philenor,  290 

phylaeus,  308 

proteus,  305 

simaethis,  301 

vanillae,  296 
Papilionidae,  290 
Paracymus,  425,  446,  464 

elegans,  446,  464 

parallela,  Asida  (Asidina),  228 

Asidina,  228,  277,  280 

Pelecyphorus,  228 

var.  terricola,  Asidina,  276 
parallelus,  Centronopus,  276 

Euderces,  57 
parandroides,  Smodicum,  85 
Paranortonia,  subgenus,  316 
Paranthaclisis,  134,  135 

californica,  135 

congener,  148 

hageni,  148 
Parasida  sexcostata,  226,  278,  280 
Paravius,  subgenus,  184 
(Paravius)  marginatus,  Hylocrinus,  184 
parcus,  Gyrinus,  421,  464 
Parevander  xanthomelas,  64 
parishii,  Haplopappus,  61 
Parkinsonia,  36,  64 

microphylla,  124 
partida,  Triphalopsis,  203,  276,  277,  279 
parviceps,  Coniontis,  188,  279 
parvulus,  Dytiscus,  396 

?,  Hydroporus,  396 
pasadenae,  Cyclocephala,  357 

Ochrosidia,  357 
passiflorae,  Papilio,  296 
pastor,  Leucochitonea,  306 
patruela,  Serica  alternata,  348 
pecten-aboriginum,  Pachycereus,  74 


pectoralis,  Centrioptera,  220,  277-279 

Enochrus  (Methydrus)  sp.  near,  451 
453,  464 
pedalis,  Eumenes,  314 

Eumenes  iturbide,  314 
pelagica,  Pyrgus,  289,  307 
Pelecyphorus  aegrotus,  225,  280 

confiuens,  228 

morbillosus,  225,  280 

parallela,  228 

sexcostatus,  226 
(Pelecyphorus)  aegrotus,  Asida,  225 

morbillosus,  Asida,  225 

sexcostata,  Asida,  226 
Pelidnota  lucae,  353 
Pelonides,  512,  513 

janthina,  515 

scabripennis,  513 
Peloniuni  filiolus,  514 

lineaticolle,  514 

pennsylvanicum,  513 
Pelosoma,  425,  456,  457,  464 

capillatum,  456,  457 

sp.  near  capillatum,  464 

laf  erti,  456 

rufescens,  457 
Peltodytes,  381,  383,  463 

callosus,  377,  382,  463 

ovalis,  382 

simplex,  377,  382,463 
penafieli,  Culex,  170 
peninsulanus,  Hesperoleon,  135,  136 
peninsulare,  Obrium,  51 

peninsulare,  Tragidion,  60 
peiiinsulare,  Smodicum  pacificum,  27 
peninsulare,  Tragidion,  60 

Tragidion  annulatum  var.,  60 

Tragidion  peninsulare,  60 
peninsularis,  Acanthoderes,  74,  84 
peninsularis,  Agrilus,  126 
peninsularis,  Anomala,  353 

Cherostus,  264,  281 

Chrysobothris,  98,  116 

Corinthiscus,  512 

Cregya,  512 

Cymatodera,  486,  491,  494 

Dendrobias,  64 

Eleodes  (Melaneleodes)  omissa,  238 

Eleoides  omissa,  238,  278,  280 
peninsularis,  Eplophorus  bicinctus,  56 
peninsularis,  Fouquieria,  8,  10 
peninsularis,  Loedelia,  514,  515,  516 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


555 


peniiisularis,  Neoclytus,  55 
Oxigrylius,  358 

Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  352 
peninsularis,  Pterocheilus  (Megapterochei- 

lus,  317 
peninsularis,  Ehipidandrus,  264 

Thermonectes,  416 

Thermonectus,  376,  416,  463 

Trichodes,  486,  507 
pennsylvanicum,  Pelonium,  513 
peregrinus,  Berosus,  433,  434 

Brachynemurus,  136 
perforata,  Eburia,  86 
perforatum,  Triphalus,  201,  279 
Periboeum  reticolle,  44,  87 
perichares,  Aedes,  166 
Perigracilia,  48,  49 

tenuis,  49 
perimede,  Eurema  nise,  294 

Terias,  294 
Peritapnia,  75 

fabra,  75,  76 

nudicornis,  75,  76 
permandibularis,  Maricopodynerus,  321 
pernigrum,  Platydema,  265 
peruvianus,  Anopheles,  163 
pens,  Culex,  168 

Phaenonotum,  425,  459;  see  also  misspelled 
"Phaenotum" 

exstriatum,  460 

sp,,  near  exstriatum,  459 

sp.,  460 

tarsale,  459 
Phaenotum,  464;  i.e.,  Phaenonotum  as 
above 

sp.,  near  exstriatum,  464 
Phaleria  debilis,  264,  281 

latus,  263,  276,  277,  281 

pilif  era,  263,  276,  277,  281 

rotundata,  264,  281 
phareus,  Papilio,  308 
Phemiades  augias,  308 
philenor,  Papilio,  290 
philetas,  Hesperia,  306 

Pyrgus,  306 
Phileurus  illatus,  359 

phoenicis,  359 

puncticollis,  359 

vitulus,  359 
Philhydrus,  450 

calif  ornicus,  451 

dorsalis,  449 

latiuseulus,  451 


maeulifrons,  452 
nebulosus  var,  cristatus,  453 
normatus,  454 
Philotes  battoides,  304 
Philvdrus,  449,  450 
Phloeodes  diabolicus,  276 
Phoebis  agarithe,  292 

eubule,  292 
phoenicis,  Phileurus,  359 
Pholisora  libya,  307 
Phyciodes  texana,  297 
phylaeus,  Hylephila,  308 

Papilio,  308 
Phyllobaeninae,  488,  503 
Phyllobaenus,  503 

cribripennis,  486,  503,  505 
discoideus,  503,  505 
omoger,  487,  503,  504 
omogeroides,  503,  504 
quadrimaculatus,  505 
Phyllophaga  contaminata,  349 
extranea,  349 
maculicollis,  349 
nitidula,  349 
Phyllophaga     (Listrochelus)     carminator, 
337,  351 

(Listrochelus)  densicollis,  337,  350 
(Listrochelus)  michelbacheri,  351 
(Listrochelus)  miraflora,  350 
(Listrochelus)  mucorea,  352 
(Listrochelus)  peninsularis,  352 
(Listrochelus)  pilosipes,  352 
(Listrochelus)  venodiola,  351 
(Phyllophaga)  canipolea,  349 
(Phyllophaga)  contaminata,  349 
(Phyllophaga)  masculicollis,  349;  i.e.^ 
maculicollis 
(Phyllophaga)  canipolea,  Phyllophaga,  349 
contaminata,  Phyllophaga,  349 
masculicollis,   Phyllophaga,  349;   i.e.^ 
maculicollis 
Phyton  discoideum,  50 
(Phyton)  discoideum,  Obrium,  50 
picea,  Dichelonyx,  344 
piceus,  Alphitobius,  269,  281 
Dytiscus,  436 
Helops,  269 
Hydrophilus,  436 
picipennis,  Cymatodera,  486,  491,  495 
picipennis,  Tillus,  518 
picta,  Estola,  78 
picta,  Methia,  29,  31,  32 
pictus,  Laccophilus,  400,  463 


556 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Sek. 


Pieridae,  291 
Pieris  beckeri,  294 

daira,  292 

kuschei,  295 

protodice,  294 

sisymbrii,  294 
pilifera  var.  aeneipennis,  Necrobia,  517 

var.  cupreonitens,  Necrobia,  517 

Necrobia,  517 

Phaleria,  263,  276,  277,  281 

Serica,  348 
pilosipes,  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  352 
pimalis,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
(Pimalius)  ceralboensis,  Trimytis,  196 
pimorum,  Odynerus,  317 

Pterocheilus,  317 

Pterocheilus  (Onchopterocheilus),  317 

pinalorum,  Acmaeodora,  107 

Pinus,  65 

muricata,  52 

radiata,  52,  115 
pingue,  Telaponium,  179,  278 
pinguis  var.  eonfluentus,  Hydroporus,  398 

var.   eonfluentus,  Hydroporus    (Dero- 
nectes),  397 

Deronectes,  398 

Deronectes  addendus,  398 

Emmenastus,  188 

Helops,  275,  281 

Hydroporus,  398 

Stictodera,  188,  279 
pipiens,  Culex,  170 
Pithecolobium,  33 
plana,  Adelina,  270 

Doliema,  270,  281,  283 
planata,  Asida,  230 

Asidopsis,  230,  280 

Centrioptera  asperata  var.,  219,  276 
planicosta,  Chalcophora,  110 

Gyascutus,  110 

Hippomelas,  110 
planifrons,  Xylotreclius,  55 
planus,  Cucujus,  270 

Hesperoleon,  135,  136 
Platasida  embaphionides,  229,  280 

flaccida,  230,  280 
Platydema  angustum,  267 
janus,  265 
pernigrum,  265 
subquadratum,  265,  277,  281 

Plebeiinae,  303 
Plebeius  acmon,  304 


Plebejus  acmon,  304 

plectralis,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 

plectus,  Brachynemurus,  135 

Hesperoleon,  136 
Pleurhomus,  442,  443 

obscurus,  442 
plicif  er,  Gyrinus,  421,  464 
Plinthocoelium  cobaltinum,  54 
Plionoma  basalis,  62 
rubens,  62,  63 
saturalis,  63 
plumeoventralis,  Leptostylus,  S9 
Poanes  melane,  309 
Podolasia,  340 

ferruginea,  340 
varicolor,  339,  340 
Poecilonota  cyanipes,  114 
Pogonocherus  concolor,  81 
?  sordidus,  77 
volitans,  80 
Poliaenus  calif  ornicus,  82 
concolor,  81,  82 
hirsutus,  81 
obliquus,  81 
volitans,  80,  82 
Polites  sabuleti,  309 
politus,  Dineutus,  422 
pollens,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
Polycesta  velasco,  98 
Polyommatus  xanthoides,  303 
Polyphaga,  subgenus,  380 
Populus,  33 

portoricensis,  Culex,  165 
posticatus,  Dytiscus,  405 
(Potamodytes)  striatellus,  Deronectes,  399 
praetermissa,  Serica,  347 
pratense,  Eygchium,  319 
pratensis,  Odynerus,  319 
Precis  lavinia,  298 
Prenes  errans,  310 
pringlei,  Pachycereus,  7,  74 
Prionus  californicus,  22,  26 
calif  ornicus  ineptis,  26 
hornii,  26 
humeralis,  26 
ineptis,  26 
lecontei,  26 
(Pristoternus),  subgenus,  438,  464 

apicipalpis,  Tropisternus,  439,  464 
californicus,  Tropisternus,  439, 444, 464 
caligans,  Tropisternus,  444 
ellipticus,  Tropisternus,  439,  433,  464 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


557 


laevis  mergus,  Tropisternusj  439,  440, 
464 

lateralis  subsp.,  Tropisternus,  439,  440, 
464 

obscurus,  Tropisternus,  439,  442,  464 

salsamentus,    Tropisternus,   439,   444, 
464 
procerus,  Lagochirus,  69 
procris,  Heteropterus,  308 
productus,  Eusattus,  193,  279 
prolixus,  Aneflus,  36 
Prometopion  amplipenne,  196,  279 
Promus  insularis  var.  terricola,  240 
(Promus)  erratica,  Eleodes,  282 

insularis,  Eleodes,  239,  277 

insularis  terricola,  Eleodes,  240,  277 
propodealis,  Leptochilus,  325,  326 
Prosopis,  9,  33,  36,  45,  55,  57,  59,  63,  76, 100, 
109,  115,  117,  119 

juliflora,  98,  125,  268 
prosopis,  Latheticus,  268,  277,  281 
protensum,  Elaphidion,  36 
protensus,  Aneflus,  36 
Proterorhynchus  argentinus,  163 
proteus,  Groniurus,  305 

Eudamus,  305 

Papilio,  305 

Urbanus,  305 
protillus,  Eudamus,  305 
protodice,  Pieris,  294 
pruinosa,  Metopoloba,  198,  279 
pruinosus,  Epitragus,  198 
Psammoleon,  134 

femoralis,  146 

normalis,  145 
pseudargiolus  echo,  Lycaena,  305 

echo,  Lycaenopsis,  305 
Pseudodynerus,  314 
Pseudomyrma  gracilis  mexicana,  57 
pseudopunctipennis.  Anopheles,  161,  163, 
164 

Anopheles  (Anopheles),  163 

Anopheles    pseudopunctipennis,     163, 
165 

Anopheles  (Anopheles)  pseudopuncti- 
pennis, l63 

franciscanus,  Anopheles,  164, 165 

form  "franciscanus,"  Anopheles,  164 

franciscanus.  Anopheles  (Anopheles), 
164 

franciscanus    var.    boydi.   Anopheles, 
164 


pseudopunctipennis.    Anopheles,    168, 
165 

pseudopunctipennis.  Anopheles 
(Anopheles),  163 
Pterocheilus  laticeps,  317 

pimorum,  317 
Pterocheilus  (Megapterocheilus)  peninsu- 
laris,  317 

(Onchopterocheilus)  laticeps,  317 

(Onchopterocheilus)  pimorum,  317 
Pterochilus  laticeps,  317 
Ptychodes  trilineatus,  68 
puberulus,  Listrochelus,  352 

Notibius,  259,  281 
pubescens,  Apsena,  276,  280 

Craniotus,  224,  277,  280 

rufescens,  Apsena,  237,  280 
pulchra,  Cleozona,  88 

var.  rufipes,  Cleozona,  88 
pulcher,  Hydroporus,  399 

Ironeus,  88 
pulchellus,  Netroneurus,  140 

var.  pallescens,  Netroneurus,  140 
pullus,  Bidessus,  393 
pulverosus,  Colymbetes,  407 
pulverulenta,  Antigonus,  307 

Leucochitonea,  307 

Systacea,  307 
pulvipilus,  Maricopodynerus,  321 
punctata,  Cymatodera,  491,  500 

Microschatia,  225 
punctatissimus,  Berosus,  377,  430,  431 

Berosus  (Enoplurus),  429,  430,  464 
punctatum,  Anoplium,  41 

Elaphidion,  41 
punctatus,  Anelaphus,  41 

Crossidius,  61 

Emmenastus,  181 

Emmenides,  181,  278 
puncticollis,  Compsa,  47 

Cymatodera,  486,  491,  492 

Lissonotus  flavocinctus,  64 

Lissonotus  multifasciatus  var.,  64 

martinensis,  Stibia,  207,  278,  279 

Microschatia,  225 

Phileurus,  359 

Pycnonotida,  278 

Stibia,  205,  207,  277-279 

Suphis,  403 
punctulata,  Coelotaxis,  281 

Telabis,  177,  277,  278 
punctulatum,  Eurymetopon,  177 
punctulatus,  Berosus,  435 


558 


CALIFOENIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


pungens,  Culex,  170 
Puren,  134 

albovaria,  146 

iiiscriptus,  147 
purpurascens,  Cinyra,  114 
purpureipes,  Aedes  (Kompia),  167 
purpureoplagiata,  Chrysobothris,  119 
purpureovittata,  Chrysobothris,  119 
purpuricollis,  Cymatodera,  491,  502 
pusilla,  Dichelonyx,  344,  345 
pusillus,  Brachynemurus,  143 

Chaetoleon,  143 
pustulatus,  Hydroporus  duodecim,  396 

Oncideres,  76 
putator,  Oncideres,  76 
Pycnonotida  inaequalis,  224,  280 

puncticollis,  278 
pygmaea,  Eleodes  (Melaneleodes)  omissa, 
239 

Eleodes  omissa,  239,  280 
pygmaeus  complex,  Enochrus,  452 

Ciilex,  170 

Maracandula,  141 
Pyrameis  cardui,  297 

carye,  298 
Pyrginae,  305 
Pyrgus  aconita,  306 

adjutrix,  306 

albescens,  306 

communis  albescens,  306 

domicella,  306 

georgina,  307 

leca,  306 

occidentalis,  306 

pelagica,  289,  307 

philetas,  306 

varus,  306 

Willi,  306 
quadricollis,  Eleodes,  276 
quadrimaculatus,  Dendrobias,  64 
4-maculatus,  Dendrobias,  64 
quadrimaculats,  Phyllobaenus,  505 
quadriplagiata,  Compsa,  47 
quadripunctatus,  Hesperoleon,  135,  137 

Hydrophilus,  450 
quadripustulatus,  Bidessus,  390,  463 
quadrisignatus,  Clerus,  506 

Enoclerus,  486,  506 
quadrivittata,  Acmaeodera,  108 
quasilinealis,  Culex,  170 
quasipipiens,  Culex,  170 
queenslandensis,  Stegomyia  fasciata  var., 
168 


Quercus,  35,  65 

emoryi,  117 
quinquefasciatus,  Culex,  161, 170 
5-fasciatus,  Culex,  170 
quinquefasciatus,  Culex  (Culex),  170 

dipseticus,  Culex,  170 

dipseticus,  Culex  (Culex),  170 

race  dipseticus,  Culex,  170 
quisquilius,  Hydrophilus,  457 
racemosa,  Laguncularia,  87 
radiata,  Pinus,  52,  115 
Eanthus,  386,  407,  408,  463 

anisonychus,  408,  409,  463 

atricolor,  408,  463 

binotatus,  410 

exsoletus,  408 

flavogriseus,  408,  410,  463 

frontalis,  408 

gutticollis  ?,  408,  409,  463 

mexicanus,  408,  410,  463 

notatus,  408 
raydoma,  Anomala,  354,  355 
raymondii,  Culex,  170 
raza,  Ascia  monuste,  289,  295 
reakirti,  Anthocharis  sara,  291 

Euchloe  sara,  291 
rectangularis,  Stenodynerus,  327 
reesi,  Culex,  170 
reflexus,  Conibius,  259,  277,  280 

Conibius  (Ooconibius),  259 

Notibius,  259 
regularis,  Agabus,  406,  407,  463 

Ilybiosoma,  406 

Ilybius,  406 
reichei,  Trachyderes,  88 
reticolle,  Anoplium,  87 

Elapliidion,  44 

Periboeum,  44,  87 
reticollis,  Anopliomorpha,  87 
revocator,  Culex,  170 
rufipes,  Eurymetopon,  275 
Ehantus,  407 

anisonychus,  409 

atricolor,  408 

flavogriseus,  410 

gutticollis,  408 

mexicanus,  410 
Ehinandrus  gracilis,  272,  281 

sublaevis,  272,  277,  281 
Ehipidandrus  flabellicornis,  265 

peninsularis,  264 
rhodosticta,  Oncideras,  76 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


559 


EhopalocerajLepidoptera:,  by  F.  H.  Einge, 

282-312 
(Ehopalomerus)  August!,  Clytus,  88 
Khopalopacliys  irroratus,  56 

morosus,  56 
(Ehopalopachys)  morosus,  Clytus,  56 
Ehopalophora,  58 
bicincta,  58 
longipes,  59 
rugicollis,  58 
Ehopalophorus  (longipes),  59 

rugicoilis,  58 
Rhopalophorella,  57 

bicincta,  dS 
Ehus,  65,  70 
Eliygchium  balteatum,  318 

louisianum,  318 
Ehyncliium  annulatum,  319 

dorsale,  318 
rinconia,  Anopliomorpha,  44 

Anoplium,  44 
Einge,  F.  H.,  Lepidoptera:   Ehopalocera, 

289-312 
Eiodinidae,  299 
riparia,  Hydraena,  460 
robusta,  Acoma,  341,  342 
roffi,  Hydroporus,  398 
Eosa,  344 
rosaliae,  Aneflomorplia,  38,  39 

Leiopus,  71 
Eoss,  E.  S.,  and  Ivlichelbacher,  A.  E.,  see 

Michelbacher,  A.  E. 
rossi,  Acmaeodera,  109 
rossi,  Acoma,  342 

Chrysobothris,  117 

Eleodes,  241,  276,  280 

Enochrus  (Methydrus),  451,  464 

Leiopus,  71,  72 

Serica,  345 

Stenosphenus,  45 

Symphylella,  156-158 

Tonibius,  260,  277,  281 
rossii,  Culex,  168 
rostrata,  Ophistomis,  52 
rotundata,  Phaleria,  264,  281 
rotundicollis,  Batuloides,  217,  279 

Batulius,  217 

Cratidus,  253,  278,  280 
roussetii,  Dactvlosternum,  459 
rubens,  Plionoma,  62,  63 

Sphaenothecus,  62 

Spliaenothecus  saturalis  var,,  62 
rubescens,  Acmaeodora,  104,  105 


rudis,  Cymatodera,  500 
rufescens,  Apsena  pubescens,  237,  280 
Cercyon,  376,  457,  464 

Clerus,  506 

Pelosoma,  457 
ruficollis,  Dytiscus,  383 
rufipes,  Cleozona,  88 

Cleozona  pulchra  var.,  88 

Clerus,  516 

Corynetes,  516 

Blapstinus,  255,  280 

Dermestes,  516 

Diaperis,  265,  281 

Necrobia,  516,  517 
rufiventris,  Ophistomis,  53 
rugiceps,  Chilometopon,  197,  279 
rugicollis,  Ehopalophora,  58 

Ehopalophorus,  58 
ruginasus,  Ligyrus,  358 

Oxygrylius,  358 
rugosissima,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  66 
rugosus,  Haliplus,  383,  384,  463 
rugulosus,  Berosus,  435 

Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  435,  464 
rusticus,  Myrmeleon,  147 
Eygchium  annulatum,  319 

boscii  azotopum,  320 

digiticornis,  318 

dorsale,  318 

fusum,  318 

guerrero,  318 

hidalgo,  319 

pratense,  319 

subannulatum,  320,  323 
sabinae,  Acmaeodora,  105 
sabuleti,  Hesperia,  309 

Polites,  309 
sackeni,  Brachynemurus,  137, 138 

Hesperoleon,  135,  138 
salinus,  Berosus,  432 
Salix,  9,  33,  64 
salona,  Theela,  301 
salsamentus,  Tropisternus,  377,  444 

Tropisternus  (Cyphostethus),  444 

Tropisternus  (Pristotemus),  439,  444, 
464 
salvini,  Berosus,  431 
Sandracottus,  419 
sanmartinensis,  Eleodes,  240,  278,  280 

var.  moesta,  Eleodes,  246 
santa,  Symphylella,  155,  156 
santarosae,  Cymatodera,  491,  498-500 


560 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


sara  reakirti,  Anthocharis,  291 

reakirti,  Euchloe,  291 
Sarcobatus,  76 
saturalis,  Plionoma,  63 

var.  rubens,  Sphaenothecus,  62 
Satyridae,  296 
Satyrus  galactinus,  296 
saussurei,  Odynerus,  323 
Saylor,  L.  W.,  Coleoptera:  Scarabaeidae, 

337-374 
scabripenne,  Enoplium,  513 
scabripennis,  Pelonides,  513 
scapularis,  Acmaeodera,  99 
Scarabaeidae,  Coleoptera:,  by  L.  W.  Say- 

lor,  337-374 
Scarabaeus  gibbosus,  357 
Sceloporus,  377 
schottii,  Lophocereus,  66 
Scolopendrella  isabellae,  154 
scoparium,  Lotus,  325 
Scotoleon,  134 

congener,  138 

longipalpis,  138,  139 
scotti,  Culex,  170 
sculptilis,  Serica,  348 
sculptiventris,  Centrioptera,  220,  277,  279 
sculptus,  Eusattus,  194,  279 

Oehthebius,  461 
secutus,  Eusattus,  193,  279 
seminiger,  Dytiscus,  419 
seminuda,  Aneflomorpha,  39 
seminulum,  Hydrophilus,  445 
semipunctata,    Moneilema    (Collapteryx), 

66,  67 
semipunctatum,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx), 
66 

Monilema,  66 

Monilema  (Collapteryx),  66 
separata,  Metliia,  30,  31 
Sepidulum,  426 
serensia,  Serica,  347 
seriata,  Centrioptera,  221,  277,  279 

Cryptoglossa,  221 

Oochila,  221 
Serica  alternata,  348 

alternata  alternata,  348 

alternata  exolita,  348 

alternata  patruela,  348 

Craighead,  347 

ensenada,  346 

mckenziei,  346 

michelbacheri,  345 

mixta,  348 


pilifera,  348 

praetermissa,  347 

rossi,  345 

serensia,  347 

sculptilis,  348 
sericeus,  Culex,  170 
serrata,  Telabis,  176,  278 
serratum,  Eurymetopon,  176 
serricornis,  Dytiscus,  406 
setosus,  Batulius,  217 
setulosa.  Ataxia,  77 
sexcostata,  Asida  (Pelecyphorus),  226 

Parasida,  226,  278,  280 
sexcostatus,  Pelecyphorus,  226 
sexfoliata,  Acoma,  342, 
sexspilota,  Anoplodera,  52 
sexspilota,  Judolia,  52 

Leptura,  52 
6-spilota,  Anoplodera  (Judolia),  52 
6-spilota,  Leptura,  52 
sexpustulatus,  Dytiscus,  395 
sevata  kuschei,  Ascia,  295 
sharpi,  Berosus,  433,  434 
shermani,  Laccophilus,  402 
signaticollis,  Anacaena,  447,  464 
signatum,  Cryptoleon,  142 
Silpha  aquatica,  425 

elongata,  427 
Silphidae,  423 
simaethis,  Papilio,  301 

Thecla,  301 

Strynion,  301 
simondsi,  Eleodes,  247,  280 
simplex,  Cnemidotus,  382 

Peltodytes,  377,  382,  463 
simulatum,  Tragidion,  60 
sinaloae,  Corinthiscus,  512 
singularis,  Brachynemurus,  137 

Hesperoleon,  135,  137 

Thymelicus,  308 
sinuatus,  Cryptadius,  181,  276,  278 
sisymbrii,  Pieris,  294 
Sitophagus  lecontei,  270 
skinneri  streckeri,  Myscelia,  298 
skusii,  Culex,  170 
slevini,  Alastoroides,  323 
slevini,  Coelocnemis,  273,  276,  278,  281 
smerdis,  Eresia,  297 
smithii  belfragei,  Eumenes,  315 
Smodicum,  27 

cucujiforme,  85 

pacificum,  27,  85 


Vol,  XXIV] 


INDEX 


561 


pacificum  pacificum,  85 

pacificum  peninsulare,  27 

parandroides,  85 
Smileceras  solitarium,  59 
socorroensis,  Acanthoderes,  84 
sodalis,  Eurymetopon,  177 

Telabis,  177,  278 
solitaria,  Stenaspis,  59 
solitarium,  Callichroma,  59 

Smileceras,  59 
solitarius,  Cerambyx,  59 

Dineutes,  422 

Dineutus,  422 

Dineutus  (Cyclinus),  422 
sonora,  Melitaea,  297 
sonorensis,  Apodemia,  300 
Sophria  tomentosa,  83 
sordida,  Estola,  77 

Estoloides,  77,  78 
sordidum,  Triehoton,  262,  280 
sordidus,  Blapstinus,  262 

Pogonocherus  ?,  77 
sparsa,  Estoloides,  78 
sparsa,  Stibia,  206,  276,  277,  279 
sparsus,  Helops,  274,  281 
Spercheidae,  423 
Sperclieinae,  423 
Spercheus,  423,  454 
Sphaenothecus  basalis,  62 

bivittatus,  63 

pallidus,  63 

rubens,  62 

saturalis  var.  rubens,  62 
Sphaenothecus  (?Entomosterna)  basalis, 
62 

(?Entomosterna)  pallidus,  63 
(Sphaeridiinae),  424 
(Sphaeridiini),  425 
Sphaeridium,  425 

atomarium,  455 

minutum,  455 
Sphaeriontis  ciliata,  194,  279 
sphenicus,  Hippomelas,  112 
Sphenothecus  basalis,  62 

bivittatus,  63 

spiculifera,  Centrioptera,  218,  277-279 
spinocollis,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  68 

Trachyderes,  88 
spinosa,  Lamia,  74 
sf)inosus,  Deetes,  74 
splendens,  Fouquieria,  7 
spoliata,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  67,  68 


spoliatum,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  68 
Monilema,  68 
Monilema  (Collapteryx),  68 

squamosa,  Acmaeodora,  106 

Staphylinif  ormia,  423 

Staphylinoidea,  375,  423,  460 

Stegomyia  calopus,  168 
fasciata,  161,  168 
f  asciata  var.  luciensis,  168 
fasciata  var.  persistans,  168 
fasciata  var.  queenslandensis,  168 
nigeria,  168 

(Stegomyia)  aegypti,  Aedes,  167 
Stenaspis  solitaria,  59 

unicolor,  59 
Steneleodes,  subgenus,  251 
(Steneleodes)  innocens,  Eleodes,  251 
Stenocorus  circumflexus,  33 

irroratus,  86 

longipes,  59 

pallens,  33 

trilineatus,  68 

Stenodontes  castaneus,  24 
molarius,  83 

Stenodontes  (Mallodon)  dasytomis,  85 
(Mallodon)  dasytomis  masticator,  85 
(Mallodon)  masticator,  85 
(Mallodon)  molarius,  25,  83 
(Nothopleurus)  lobigenis,  24 

Stenodynerus,  327,  328,  330 
declivatus,  331 
lacunus,  328 
microstictus,  328 
noticeps,  330 
noticeps  clarki,  331 
noticeps  noticeps,  330 
rectangularis,  327 
toltecus,  328,  329 
valliceps,  329,  330 
vanduzeei,  327 
xanthianus,  328 
xantianus,  328 

Stenomorpha  convexa,  226,  280 
cressoni,  227 
tumidicollis,  226,  280 

Stenosphenus,  41 
basicornis,  45 
debilis,  45 
dolosus,  46 
lepidus,  45 
lucanus,  44 


562 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


novatus,  44 

rossi,  45 

sp.,  45 
Steriphanus,  172 

alutaceus,  187 

durus,  186,  279 

estebani,  185,  277,  279 

nmcronatus,  185,  277,  279 

subopacus,  187,  276,  277,  279 

subopacus  alutaceus,  187,  276,  279 

tardus,  186,  277,  279 

torpidus,  187,  277,  279 
sternalis,  Anacaena,  378,  447,  448,  464 
sternalis,  Megasattus,  191,  279 
Sternidius  crassulus,  70 
Stethasida  obsoleta,  231 
(Stethasida)  catalinae,  Asida,  230,  277 
Stethoxus  behrensi,  437 

insularis,  437 
Stibia,  172,  209-211 

blairi,  207,  279 

cribrata,  206,  276,  279 

fallaciosa,  205,  277-279 

fallaciosa  interstitialis,  205,  277,  279 

fallaciosa  var,  interstitialis,  205 

ferruginea,  208,  279 

granulata,  205,  277,  279 

hannai,  207 

ovipennis,  200 

puncticollis,  205,  207,  277-279 

puncticollis  martinensis,  207,  278,  279 

sparsa,  206,  276,  277,  279 

tortugensis,  209,  276,  277,  279 

williamsi,  206,  278,  279 
sticticus,  Dytiscus,  414,  415 

Eretes,  377,  415,  462;  see  also  under 
misspelled  "stricticus" 
Stictocera  caelata,  110 
Stictodera,  188 

pinguis,  188,  279 
stigmata,  Acmaeodera,  98,  105 
stigmatica,  Eburia,  86 
stigmatosoma,  Culex,  168,  169 

Culex  (Culex),  169 
stoeliri,  Culex,  170 
Stomyles  tolteca,  309 
stramineus,  Berosus,  432 

?,  Berosus  (Berosus),  430,  432,  464 
Strategus,  358 
streckeri,  Myscelia,  289,  298 

Miscelia  skinneri,  298 
striatellus,  Deronectes,  397,  399,  463 

Deronectes  (Patamodytes),  399 


Hydroporus,  399 

Hydroporus  (Deronectes),  399 
striaticeps,  Dacoderus,  216,  276,  279 
stricticus,  Eretes,  463,  i.e.,  sticticus 
strigosa,  Danais,  295 

Danais  berenice,  295 

Danaus  berenice,  295 
Strymon  columella,  301 

festata,  302 

leda,  302 

leda  ines,  302 

melinus,  302 

simaethis,  301 
Strymon  (Hypolycaena)  festata,  289 
Styloxus  lucanus,  28 
subannulatum,  Eygchium,  320,  323 
subarmata,  Metliia,  31 
subbalteata,  Acmaeodera,  102 
subcylindricus,  Triphalus,  201,  277,  279 
subdeplanata,  Amphidora,  252,  280 
subdej)ressum,  Elaphidion,  41 
subdepressus,  Anelaphus,  41 
subdescalceatus,  Emmenides,  183,  276-278 
sublaevis,  Ehinandrus,  272,  277,  281 
sublineatus,  Dineutes,  422 

Dineutus,  376,  422,  464 

Dineutus  (Dineutus),  422 

Gyrinus,  422 
submoestus,  Anelaphus,  42,  43 
subnitens,  Alobates,  272 
subopacus  alutaceus,  Steriphanus,  187,  276, 
279 

Emmenastus,  187 

Emmenasustus,  187 

Steriphanus,  187,  276,  277,  279 
subornata,  Ceutriopteraasperata  var.,  219, 

279 
subpilosa,  Metopoloba,  199,  279 
subquadratum,  Platydema,  265,  277,  281 
subrugosa,  Moneilema  (Collapteryx)  65,  66 
subrugosum,  Moneilema,  21 

Moneilema  (Collapteryx),  65,  66 

Monilema,  65 

Monilema  (Collapteryx),  65 

Omoscylon,  65 
substriata,  Monophylla,  488 
subterranea,  Symphylella,  157 
subtilis,  Bidessus,  390,  391,  463 

Hydroporus,  391 
subulata,  Asclepias,  45 
subvittata,  Asida,  228 

Heterasida,  228,  280 
succinctus,  Tillus,  517 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


563 


sulcatus,  Blapstinus,  257,  280 

Conibius,  262 

Xotibius,  262 

Tonibius,  262,  276,  277,  281 
Suphis,  403 

cimieoides,  403 

lineatus,  403,  404 

puncticollis,  403 
Suphisellus,  379,  385,  403,  463 

levis,  376,  403,  404,  463 

lineatus,  376,  403,  404,  463 

mexicanus,  404 
supra,  Vide,  230 
Surinam,  Achryson,  33 
surinamensis,  Achryson,  33 

Cerambvx,  33 
surinamum,  Achryson,  33 
surinamus,  Cerambvx,  33 
suturalis,  Anaeaena,  448 

Creniphilus,  446,  447 

Limnebius,  446 
sugens,  Culex,  168 
swainsonia,  Amvnthia,  292 
sylvatica,  Monobia,  318 
Symmorphus,  314 
symmorphus,  Pachymenes,  316 
Symphoricarpus,  344 

Symphyla  by  A.  E.  Michelbacher,  153-160 
Symphylella  antennata,  155 

capicola,  154-158 

essigi,  157 

isabellae,  157 

isabellae,  154 

oviceps,  157 

rossi,  156-158 

santa,  155,  156 

sp.,  157 

subterranea,  157 

vaea,  155, 156 

vulgaris,  157 
Svnchloe  californica,  297 

croeale,  297 

lacinia,  297 
Syrichtus  domicella,  306 
Systacea  pulverulenta,  307 
taeniatus,  Culex,  168 

Tagiades,  307 
taeniorhynchus,  Aedes,  165 

Aedes  (Ochlerotatus),  165 
Taeniorhynchus  niger,  165 
Tagiades  taeniatus,  307 
tantilla,  Heterasida,  227 
Tai)aeina  ( ?)  nudicornis,  75 


Taranomis,  63 

bivittata,  63 

pallida,  63 
tardus,  Steriphanus,  186,  277,  279 
tarsale,  Phaenonotum,  459 
tarsalis,  Cryptadius,  181,  279 

Culex,  161,  168,  169 

Culex  (Culex),  168 
Tarsostenus,  514,  517,  518 

albofasciatus,  518 

biguttatus,  518 

univittatus,  517,  518 
teaniorhynchus,  Culex,  165 
Telabis,  172,  182 

hirtipes,  178,  276,  278 

latipennis,  177,  276,  278 

lunulata,  178,  277,  278 

punetulata,  177,  277,  278 

serrata,  176,  278 

sodalis,  177,  278 
Telaponium,  180 

castaneum,  179,  278 

pingue,  179,  278 
Tenebrio  (?)  biimpressa,  272 

dermestoides,  517 
Tenebrionidae,  Coleoptera:,  by  F.  E.  Blais- 

dell,  171-288 
tenebrosa,  Amphidora,  252,  278,  280 
tenellum,  Callidium,  32 
tenellus,  Malacopterus,  32 

Trichodes,  508 

Trichodes  ornatus,  508 

Trichodes  ornatus  var.,  508 
Tentyriinae,  185 
tenuicornis,  Lianema,  48 
tenuis,  Perlgracilia,  49 
Terias  boisduvaliana,  293 

cepio,  293 

damaris,  293 

delia,  293 

depuiseti,  293 

euterpe,  294 

gundlachia,  293 

ingrata,  293 

jacunda,  292 

linda,  294 

lisa  euterpe,  294 

mexicana,  293 

nicippe,  293 

perimede,  294 

thymetus,  294 
terminalis,  Laccophilis,  400,  402,  463 


564 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


terricola,  Asidina  parallela  var.,  276 

Eleodes  insularis,  278,  280 

Eleodes  (Promus)  insularis,  240,  277 

Promus  insularis  var.,  240 
(=  Tessaropa),  Dysphaga,  28 
tesselata  occidentalis,  Urbanus,  306 
tesselatum,  Elaphidion,  87 
testaceus,  Crossidius,  61 
Tetraopes  elegans,  82 
texana,  Aneflomorpha,  39 

Anthanassa,  297 

Melitaea,  297 

Monobia,  317 

Orthopleura,  512,  513 

Orthopleura  damicornis  var.,  513 

Phyciodes,  297 
texanus,  Ecyrus,  80 

Hesperoleon,  136 

Listrochelus,  352 
textile,  Compsa,  47 
Thaneroclerinae,  488 
Thermonectes,  415 

basilaris,  418 

basilaris  var.  intermedius,  418 

basilaris  var.  latecinctus,  418 

margineguttatus,  419 

marmoratus,  418 

nigrofasciatus,  416 

ornaticollis  var.  nigrofasciatus,  416 

peninsularis,  416 
(Thermonectini),  386 
Thermonectus,  386,  415,  463 

basilaris,  418 

basillaris,  416,  417,  463 

irroratus,  415 

margineguttatus,  416,  419,  463 

marmoratus,  416,  418,  463 

nigrofasciatus,  416,  417,  463 

nimbatus,  418 

ornaticollis,  417 

peninsularis,  376,  416,  463 
(Therm.onectus)  cinctatus,  Acilius,  418 

incisus,  Acilius,  418 

maculatus,  Acilius,  418 

margineguttatus,  Acilius,  419 

nigrofasciatus,  Acilius,  416 

ornaticollis,  Acilius,  415 
Tlianaos  funeralis,  307 
Tharsalea  hermes,  303 
Thecla  columella,  301 

eurytulus,  301 

halesus,  301 

humuli,  302 


hyperici,  302 

ines,  302 

istapa,  301 

juanita,  301 

leda,  302 

melinus,  302 

modesta,  301 

ocellifera,  301 

salona,  301 

sarita,  301 

simaethis,  301 
Theclinae,  301 

thermarum,  Epimetopus,  426,  464 
tliersites,  Megasoma,  358 

Megasomina,  358 
thoracicum,  Enoplium,  513 
tlioracicus,  Aulicus,  486 

Chrysobothris,  98,  115 
thriambus,  Culex,  169 
thurberi,  Lemaireocereus,  9 
Thymele  domingo,  305 
Thymelicus  brettus,  308 

macra,  308 

singularis,  308 
(Thymetes?)  aidea,  Nymphalis,  299 
thymetus,  Terias,  294 
tigrina,  Estola,  78 

Lypsimena,  78 
Tillinae,  487,  488 
Tillomorphini,  58 
Tillus  damicornis,  512 

elegans,  489,  490 

occidentalis,  489 

picipennis,  518 

succinctus,  517 
Tinopus  longipes,  59 
tityus,  Dynastes,  358 
Tmolus  eurytulus,  301 
tolteca,  Amblyscirtes,  309 

Stomyles,  309 
toltecus,  Odynerus,  329 

Stenodynerus,  328,  329 
tomentosa,  Sophria,  83 
Tonibiastes  costipennis,  260,  278,  281 
Tonibius,  262 

rossi,  260,  277,  281 

sulcatus,  262,  276,  277,  281     ' 
torpidus,  Steriphanus,  187,  277,  279 
torreyanum,  Cercidium,  98 
tortugensis,  Stibia,  209,  276,  277,  279 
townsvillensis,  Culex,  170 
toxorhynclius,  Culex,  168 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


565 


Trachyderes  cingulatus,  88 
mandibularis,  64 
reichei,  88 
spinicollis,  88 

trachyderoides,  Gnaphalodes,  34 

var.  inermis,  Gnaphalodes,  34 
Tragidion  aniiulatum,  60 

annulatum  var.  peninsulare,  60 

armatum,  60 

peninsulare,  60 

peninsulare  peninsulare,  60 

simulatum,  60 

transversalis,  Dytiscus,  419 
transversum,  Metoponium,  174,  278 
triangularis,  Hydrophilus,  376,  437,  441 
Tribolium  ferrugineum,  268,  281 
Trichiasida  gibbicollis,  229,  280 
Triehodes,  507,  508 

douglasianus,  508 

hartwegianus,  508 

horni,  486,  507 

nexus,  507 

ornatus,  507,  508 

ornatus  var.  obsoletus,  508 

ornatus  tenellus,  508 

ornatus  var.  tenellus,  508 

peninsularis,  486,  507 

tenellus,  508 

Trichopoda,  459 

Trichoton  sordium,  262,  280 

tricinctus,  Eumenes,  315 

Eumenes  verticalis,  314,  315 

tricornis,  Hypogena,  271 
Uloma  (Ulosonia),  271 
Ulosonia,  271,  278,  281,  283 

trilineatus,  Cerambyx,  68 

Culex  fatigans  var,,  170 

Neoptycliodes,  68 

Ptychodes,  68 

Stenocorus,  68 
Trimytis  ceralboensis,  277,  279 

obtusa,  195,  277,  279 
Trimytis  (Pimalius)  ceralboensis,  196 
trinodata,  Oncideres,  76 
Triorophus,  200,  201 

laevis,  200,  277,  279 
Triphalus,  172,  200,  211 

cribricollis,  201,  203,  279 

impressifrons,  202,  279 

perforatus,  201,  279 

subcylindricus,  201,  277,  279 


Triphalopsis  impressicoUis,  203,  279 
minor,  203,  276,  279 
partida,  203,  276,  277,  279 
tripunctatus,  Cybister,  412 

Dytiscus,  412 
tristis,  Zopherodes,  213,  279 

Zopherus,  213 
Trogodendron  edwardsii,  509 
tropisterna,  Zonothrix,  442 
Tropisternus,  424,  438,  443,  464 
affinis,  443 
agilis,  439 
apicipalpis,  439 
binotatus,  440 
californicus,  376,  444,  445 
concolor,  443 
dorsalis,  440 
ellipticus,  376,  443,  444 
h-umeralis,  440 
laevis  laevis,  440 
lateralis,  440 
lateralis  lateralis,  441 
lateralis  limbalis,  442 
limbalis,  376,  440 
marginatus,  440 
nimbatus,  440,  442 
nitens,  440 
obscurus,  442 
salsamentus,  377,  444 
Tropisternus    (Cyphostethus)    apicipalpis* 
439 

(Cyphostethus)  californicus,  444 
(Cyphostethus)  ellipticus,  443 
(Cyphostethus)  laevis  mergus,  440 
(Cyphostethus)  lateralis,  440 
(Cyphostethus)  obscurus,  442 
(Cyphostethus)  salsamentus,  444 
(Pristoternus)  apicipalpis,  439,  464 
(Pristoternus)  californicus,  439,  444, 

464 
(Pristoternus)  caligans,  444 
(Pristoternus)  ellipticus,  439,  443,  464 
(Pristoternus)  laevis  mergus,  439,  440, 

464 
(Pristoternus)  lateralis    subsp.,    439, 

440,  464 
(Pristoternus)  obscurus,  439,  442,  464 
(Pristoternus)  salsamentus,   439,  444, 

464 
(Tropisternus)  niger,  438 
(Tropisternus,  subgenus),  438 
(Tropisternus)  dorsalis,  Hydrophilus,  442 
niger,  Tropisternus,  438 


566 


CALIFORNIA   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCES 


[  Proc.  4th  Ser. 


truncatum,  Anoplium,  87 

Elaphidion,  87 
truncatus,  Anelaphus,  87 
Hypermallus,  87 

Laccophilus,  402 
tucumanus,  Anopheles,  163 
tumidicollis,  Stenomorpha,  226,  280 
tuta,  Cymatodera,  495 
Tyndaris  balli,  109 

typicus.  Anopheles  maculipennis  var.,  162 
ulkei,  Eburia,  21,  34 
Uloma,  269,  271 

filiformis,  269 
Uloma  (Ulosonia)  trieornis,  271 

bi-impressa,  272,  281,  283 

marginata,  271,  277,  281 

trieornis,  271,  278,  281,  283 
(Ulosonia)  trieornis,  Uloma,  271 
Ulus  obliquus,  254,  280 

crassus,  254,  280 
unicolor,  Stenaspis,  59 
iinistriatus,  Bidessus,  389 

Dytiscus,  389 
univittatus,  Clerus,  517 

Notoxus,  517 

Opilus,  517 

Tarsostenus,  517,  518 
Urbanus  dorantes,  305 

proteus,  305 
Urbanus  tesselata  occidentalis,  306 
uteana,  Moneilema  (CoUapteryx),  68 
vaca,  Symphylella,  155,  156 
vafer,  Callotillus,  490 

Callotillus  elegans,  489,  490 
valida,  Eleodes,  240 

Eleodes  grandicollis,  240,  280 

Yucca,  7,  8 
validum,  Elaphidion,  35 

Eustroma,  35 

Eustromula,  35,  86 
valliceps,  Stenodynerus,  329,  330 
t^anduzeei,  Acmaeodera,  108 

Adetus,  82 

Eleodes,  245,  280 
vanduzeei,  Stenodynerus,  327 
Van  Dyke,  E.  C,  Coleoptera:  Buprestidae, 

97-132 
Vanessa  cardui,  297 

carye,  298 

charie,  298 
ranillae,  Agraulis,  296 

Dione,  296 

Papilio,  296 


variabilis,  Chaetoleon,  141 
varicolor,  Podolasia,  339,  340 
varipilis,  Acmaeodera,  106,  107 
variolatus,  Hydrochus,  428,  464 
variolosa,  Centrioptera,  221,  277,  279 
varus,  Pyrgus,  306 
(Vatellini),384 
Veatchia  discolor,  76 
velasco,  Polycesta,  98 
Vella,  134 

hespera,  148 

impostor,  148 
venodiola,  Phyllophaga  (Listrochelus),  351 
ventralis,  Conibius,  259,  277,  280 

Ophistomis,  52,  53 

Ophistomis  laevicollis,  52 
ventricosus,  Edrotes,  212,  279 
Verbascum,  55 

verrucosa,  Cryptoglossa,  223,  280 
versuta,  Acmaeodera,  107 
verticalis  tricinctus,  Eumenes,  314,  315 
Vespa  dorsalis,  318 
vetusta,  Cregya,  512 
Vide  flaccida,  229 

supra,  230 
vilis,  Hydroporus,  396,  397 
virgulti,  Apodemia,  299 

Apodemia  mormo,  299 

Nemeobius,  299 
viridifrons,  Culex,  168 
Vesperoctenus  flohri,  53 
Vesperus,  54 
vestitus,  Osmidus,  34 
vitellina,  Cobalus,  309 
vittatus,  Malocopterus,  32 

Ganimus,  32 
vitulus,  Phileurus,  359 
volitans,  Aneflus,  39 

Anejjsyra,  39,  40 

Lophopoeum,  80 

Pogonocherus,  80  ^ 

Poliaenus,  80,  82 
Vorates  decerns,  310 
vulgaris,  Symphylella,  157 
waco,  Hesperia,  308 
Washingtonia,  7 
wickhami,  Acanthoderes,  75 
Willi,  Pyrgus,  306 
williamsi,  Stibia,  206,  278,  279 
willistoni,  Culex,  168 
xanthianus,  Odynerus,  328 

Stenodynerus,  328 
Xanthidia  jacunda,  292 


Vol.  XXIV] 


INDEX 


567 


Xanthium.  74 

xanthoides,  Clirysophanus,  303 

Heodes,  303 

Lycaena,  303 

Polyommatus,  303 
xanthomelas,  Amphidesmus,  64 

Evander,  64 

Parevander,  64 

xanti,  Cymatodera,  487,  491,  493 
xantianus,  Odynerus,  328 
Stenodynerus,  328 

Xenoclerus,  506,  509 
edwardsii,  509 

Xylotrechus  diruptus,  55 
insignis,  22,  55 


obliteratus,  55 

planif  rons,  55 
yavapai,  Brachynemurus,  137 

Hesperoleon,  135,  137 
youngi,  Bidessus,  390,  392,  463 
Yucca,  60 

valida,  7,  8 
zacliaeiiia,  Lampides,  304 
zampa,  Hesperia,  307 
Zerene  caesonia,  291 
Zonothrix  tropisterna,  442 
Zopherodes,  214 

granicollis,  214,  279 

tristis,  213,  279 
Zopherus  granicollis,  214 

tristis,  213 


ERRATA 

Page     56.     Line  8th  from  bottom:  for  new  species  read  new  subspecies. 

Page  103.     Line  8th  from  top:  for  Acmaeodera  lucana  Van  Dyke,  new  species,  read 
Acmaeodera  lucana  Van  Dyke,  new  species. 

Page  116.     Line   16th  from  top:   for  Chrysobothrus  peninsularis  read  Chrysobothris 
peninsularis. 

Page  124.  Line  14th  from  bottom:  for  Agrilis  felix  read  Agrilus  felix. 

Page  125.  Line  1st,  top:  for  Agrilis  lacustris  read  Agrilus  lacustris. 

Page  125.  Line  15th  from  top:  for  Agrilis  addendus  read  Agrilus  addendus. 

Page  125.  Line  11th  from  bottom:  for  Agrilis  palmacollis  read  Agrilus  palmacoUis. 

Page  269.  Line  7th  from  bottom:  for  Merotemnus  filifornis  read  Merotemnus  filiformis. 

Page  279.     Line  7th  from  top,  left  column:   for  subopacus  var.  alutaceus  Csy.  read 
subopacus  alutaceus  Csy. 

Page  283.     Line  7th  from  top :  for  Doliema  hifurca  read  Doliema  bifuroata. 

Page  344.     Line  10th  from  bottom:  for  Artemesia  read  Artemism. 

Page  349.     Line  15th  from  bottom:  for  Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga)  masculicollis  read 
Phyllophaga  (Phyllophaga)  maculicoUis. 

Page  394.  Line  24th  from  top :  for  angustat  read  angu^tata. 

Page  398.  First  line  of  footnote :  for  dater  read  dated. 

Page  405.  Line  29th  from  top :  for  Tobasco  read  Tabasco. 

Page  463.  Line  10th  from  bottom,  right  column :  for  stricticus  read  sticticus. 

Page  464.  Line  5th  from  bottom,  right  column :  for  Phaenotum  read  Phaenonotum. 

Page  465.  Line  5th  from  top :  for  Alluad  read  Alluaud. 

Page  470.  Line  8th  from  bottom:  for  1935  read  1835. 

Page  473.  Line  30th  from  top:  for  nouveacx  read  nouveaux. 


v^ 


^v 


MBL  WHOI   LIBRARY 


H       1 


HK    A 


'■'''<■    !.>\> 


■•  r. 


■■  ,      '■■■     ■■-'  ,'■    :'-.';-■'     'i^/      ■  '   "' — 


,      -.        I       '■    ,  .   ,     -  1    •■'.-;•■■.    :        '_       \        .■■    .       ,      1 

'■■',.•   r-  •       U  "!■■  :*f  ■•:;.■.  '..•   5.''- 

'.'■ 


.■■■  ',f  ■■:  ,  ■ .   •.' c*  '-i  ;r.' 


>-^-;^<'> 
U'