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HARVARD UNIVERSITY.
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PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
New England Zoological Club
VOLUME II
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Pages 1-9
11-12
13-34
35-41
43-44
45-46
47-50
51-52
53-54
55-56
57-60
61-62
63-65
67-69
71-74
75-717
79-83
85-90
91-97
99-100
101-108
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II
Illustrations of hitherto unfigured Lepidoptera, by A. G.
Wanncs; JRi, PartD.* 4 plates... os... ss (ded enced nocer
Description of a new rice grackle, by OurraAM Bancs.....
List of birds collected by W. W. Brown, Jr. at Loma del
Leon, Panama, by OuTRaM BANGS........2.....-.:--
Three new rodents from southern Labrador, by Ourram
EVANGB rig cana aerate haere ent crake os ah, Beer, Fone
Illustrations of hitherto unfigured Lepidoptera, by A. G.
WiRRKS OR: ME ATo UE Ml AGeS Aintree ihe ines ann ate
On an overlooked species of Aithurus, by WILLIAM BREWSTER
andi@OurTnAMp BANGS! eyo ues. lle ea Ck es cae
A new honey creeper from San Miguel Island, Panama, by
OUTRAMMBANGS 21004 Us. a2 Renae Ua laa) ee Mn rase mann
Description of a new bécard from Lower Uruguay, by
WILuIAM BrEewstTER and OuTRAM BANGS..............
A new meadowlark from South America, by Ourram Banes
Notes on the American rough-winged swallows, with
description of a new subspecies, by OurrRAM BANGs.....
A new Ortalis from the Archipelago de las Perlas, Bay of
Panama, by OuTRAM: BANGSiil. ie 20. cme eee ees ee
A new Phaéthornis from the Santa Marta region of Colom-
bia by, OurRAM BANGS)" 2505 \Sinicia5 apt a eee!
On an apparently unnamed race of Buteo borealis, by
OUTRAM IBANGS ie)6 balecataty acid als fcansutin stale easel he ede eeetees
Descriptions of three new butterflies, by A. G. WrEEKs, JR.
Genera and families of the Chimaeroids, by SAMUEL GARMAN
Descriptions of new butterflies of the genera Pamphila,
Epinephele and Gorgythion, by A. G. WEEKS, JR........
Descriptions of seven new butterflies from Bolivia, by
AWS CU EBIKS arb Leunmr iret ous en tanta: 20 6 ee Mal aes blas
Descriptions of ten new butterflies of the genus Pamphila,
Jaygeey Con Vines Ue tae ik Pan OU SUNT MRI tala cs yan haa
Description of a new woodpecker from Chiriqui, by OuTRAM
BANGS, 35 aye cara SMR RR et Naa SP NONI
Descriptions of some new butterflies of the genera Thecla,
Kuptychia, Telegonus and Achlyodes, by A. G. Werks, JR.
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JUNE 30, 1900 VoL. II, Pp. 1-9
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
ILLUSTRATIONS OF HITHERTO UNFIGURED
LEPIDOPTERA.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Parr J.
BELIEVING that, when circumstances permit, colored illustrations
should accompany the descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera,
I take pleasure in submitting the first of a series of papers in
which I intend to publish illustrations, with descriptive text, of
previously unfigured species from my collection. Several of the
descriptions in this issue are reprinted, unaltered but for a few
verbal corrections, from the publications noted below.
Myscelia streckert Skinner was received by me from my collector,
and it remained for Dr. Henry Skinner to distinguish it as a new
species. As it was one from a very interesting lot, I am glad
to furnish illustrations of both sexes, doing so by Dr. Skinner’s
consent and request.
I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. Herman Strecker,
who has for several years devoted much time to my material
and has been of very great help to me in determining new species ;
also to Prof. E. T. Owen, who did some work for me in connec-
tion with the species herein described.
2 WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA P.N.E.Z.C.
Hypolyczena festata A. G. Weeks, Jr.*
(Plate I, Figures 1 and 2.)
Habitat: Lower California (San José del Cabo). Expanse: g
and Q, 1.00 to 1.10 inches.
Male.— Front and summit of head covered with light gray, nearly white
hairs, deepening in shade as they approach thorax. Antenne blackish, with
white annulations at the base of each joint; club blackish brown, tipped with
orange at base; the white extends nearly half way to apex. Thorax, above,
presents generally the same color as wings, and is covered with grayish hairs;
beneath, it is almost pure white. Legs covered with white hairs, shading into
gray at ends. Abdomen, above, same color as wings, the blue disappearing
toward end, where it is replaced by deepening gray; underneath, white shad-
ing into yellowish gray at end.
Upper side of fore wings a deep rich purplish blue, with some lustre; a large
discoidal spot of the original ground color but inclining to blackish; the base
very slightly dusted with blackish gray scales; the costa edged with blackish
gray, almost linear over discoidal cell, and broadening toward apex, then
extending down hind margin, of varying width, and covering one third of
marginal area; inner margin without any border. Hind wings: ground color
same as fore wings; inner margin light gray; costa and hind margin with a
linear edge of blackish gray, inside of which, on the hind margin, is a fine
thread-like line of white, broadening somewhat toward anal angle; inside of
this is an almost imperceptible shading of dark blackish gray, bordering the
ground color; two thread-like tails from termination of submedian nervure
and first median nervule, the former more than thrice the length of the latter,
blackish gray, very slightly edged and tipped with white; between these tails
the dark shading inside of white line broadens into a dark spot, and this
broadening is repeated below the submedian nervure, but in less degree; at
anal angle is an orange spot of small size, bordered at top with white, and
bearing a few light blue scales at lower edge.
Beneath, both wings are light gray with slight intermingling of whitish scales,
and near base a slight shading of darker gray, which latter is wanting in some
specimens. The costa of the fore wing is edged with orange near base about
one quarter the distance to apex; edge of hind margin with a delicate line of
dark brownish gray; the dark edging which appears on upper side and occupies
one third of marginal area, manifests itself underneath by a very slight yellow-
ish tinge, scarcely perceptible on the gray background; on the inner edge of
this, one sixteenth inch from margin, is a transverse stripe of darkish gray
elongated streaks extending from the costal border to the lower median
nervule, bordered on each side with lighter gray, and always very indistinct,
1 Entomological News, Vol. II, No. 6.
June 3°] WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA 3
1900
imperceptible on some specimens; inside of these and one third the distance
from margin to base is a series of more or less distinct transverse streaks
extending from costa to lower median nervule, bordered with white or very
light gray on the outside, and with orange on the inside, the orange being
nearly absent at upper part near costa, but becoming more prominent below;
this line is the prominent feature of the markings; within this and parallel to
it is a line of very indistinct darkish transverse streaks extending to inner
margin. On the edge of hind margin of hind wing is a delicate line of dark
brownish gray, bordered on inner side with white, or very light gray; within
this and one sixteenth inch from margin is a line of nearly semicircular darkish
gray lines extending from costa to inner margin, occasionally with a few orange
scales enclosed and bordered with a little lightish gray; in the middle of the
outer two thirds of the wing is an irregular, but nearly straight series of
transverse streaks of dark gray, forming a continuance of the streaks on fore
wing, but more strongly bordered with orange on inner side and white on outer
side, and running parallel to the margin and terminating at inner margin about
one third the distance from anal angle to base; in the lower median inter-
space is a prominent orange spot, bordered above with a black line and enclos-
ing at its base a nearly circular black spot, almost touching hind margin; in
the next space below is a similar orange and black spot, less than half the
size of the first and less distinctly marked, extending over the nervure to the
anal angle; between these spots there is a sprinkling of light bluish scales,
sometimes absent.
Female.— Head, antenne and legs, same as male. Thorax and abdomen
the same, except the blue of the male is replaced by the ground color of the
wings. Ground color of wings a light grayish blue, near light slate color;
some specimens being brighter and with considerable lustre; markings the
same as male, except that the discoidal spot is wanting (although slightly
apparent on some specimens), and the border of blackish gray on fore wings,
especially on hind margins, is more suffused, and covers one half the area of
the wing, extending from lower angle to a point on costa midway between apex
and base. Beneath, identical with male.
The specimens described were taken near San José del Cabo,
at extreme end of the cape, in the month of August. They were
flitting about the flowering vines near sea-level. Described from
sixteen males and seven females in my collection, taken by Mr.
M. Abbott Frazar in 1888.
4 WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA pra
Lemonias maxima A. G. Weeks, Jr.’
(Plate I, Figure 4.)
Habitat: Lower California. Expanse: 1.60 inches.
Front of head covered with white hairs, shading into blackish brown at
summit; between head and thorax a “collar” of fulvous hairs. Palpi white,
shading into blackish brown at ends. Antenne blackish, with white annula-
tions at base of each joint; club blackish, tipped with fulvous. Thorax, above,
black, covered with blackish brown hairs; beneath white. Abdomen the same
as thorax.
Primaries, above, fulvous and dark brown, with white spots; margins dark
brown. Costa dark brown, with a linear fulvous dash near base. The dark
brown along hind margins covers marginal area; near hind margin a row of
seven white spots in interspaces, the upper two elongated, and all bordered
with a soft dash of blackish brown on basal and outer sides, more apparent
on basal side. Within these, and one third distance from margin to base, a
second row of seven white spots, larger than the first and cone-shaped (apex
outward), bordered with black on basal side only, arranged, the upper three in
a line at right angle to costa, the next three at right angle with inner margin,
and the lower one not in line, but placed nearer hind margin; the upper three
are placed in the dark brown of marginal area, the lower four in the fulvous
ground color. Above this row and nearly in costal edge, is a small white
speck; at the end of cell a large white spot edged on each side with black ;
below this, extending from median nervule to submedian nervure, another
large white spot, bordered with black on basal side only and irregular in shape;
between these two, in notch formed by junction of median nervule and median
nervure, a small blackish brown spot. In centre of cell a round white spot
bordered with black, and below this, below nervure, another white spot
bordered with black; between these and base two slight dashes of white;
nervures and nervules dark brown. Secondaries are marked the same, except
that in second row of white spots the second two are much elongated, with
basal ends joining and forming a Y; also, on the costa over centre of cell, a
larger elongated white spot with no border.
Wings, beneath, much the same as above, except general coloring is much
lighter and brighter and there is some lustre. Costa of primaries edged with
white near base, broader at base, and tapering off to a point half way up the
wing. White spots more suffused; those forming the Y on the upper side of
secondaries blended in one irregular spot, and elongated or suffused enough to
join with white spot in cell. Base of hind wings, and inner margin of same,
generously dashed with silvery scales.
Described from two specimens in my collection, taken near
San José del Cabo, Lower California, by Mr. M. Abbott Frazar.
1 Entomological News, Vol. II, No. 6.
ures? WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA 5
1900
Pyrgus pelagica A. G. Weeks, Jr.*
(Plate I, Figure 5.)
Habitat: San José del Cabo, Lower California. Expanse:
1.25 inches,
Under side of palpi and head covered with whitish hairs; top of same
blackish-brown gray; forehead with some whitish hairs mixed with the darker.
Thorax and abdomen blackish above, end of abdomen shading into gray,
beneath whitish. Legs covered with whitish hairs, brownish at ends. Antennz
blackish, with small white annulations at base of each joint; club above
blackish, tipped with light brown, below light brown down to joint. Wings,
above, dark brownish gray, with white and grayish white spots, hind margins
with a fringe of dark brownish gray. Hind margin of primaries edged with
a dark line, just within which, in interspaces, is a row of indistinct darkish
spots, absent in some specimens. The dark brownish gray covers marginal
area, and is dusted and irregularly shaded with grayish scales. On costa one
fourth distance from tip to base, between the subcostal nervules, three (some-
times two or one) small white spots. Across centre of wing, extending
from edge of costa across end of discoidal cell down to submedian nervule,
a whitish band of consecutive spots, of irregular form and varying distinct-
ness, sprinkled more or less with brownish scales. In some specimens this
space shades off into ground color, in others the edges between spots and
ground color are distinctly marked, and bordered with a darkish line. In
centre of cell, an irregular whitish spot of same character; between this spot
and the spot at end of cell, and below submedian nervule, an irregular whitish
spot, dusted more with brownish scales. Base dark brownish gray, with some
grayish scales. The suffusion of the ground color is more marked in some
specimens than others, rendering an accurate general limitation of the spots
difficult. Some specimens show a slight yellowish tinge on white spots.
Ground color of secondaries a blackish brown, of more distinct character than
the ground color of primaries. Costa white. Hind margin edged with a
dark line, within which, in interspaces, is a row of white specks, sometimes
absent, which, at anal angle, are transversely elongated, forming an indistinct
line from inner margin to submedian nervule. Within these, one third distance
to base, a row of brownish spots, extending from costa to inner margin, parallel
to hind margin, but not in line, and the one near centre larger than the others,
and drawn nearer to cell. Within these, across centre of wing, a prominent
whitish band, forming an extension of the same on primaries, but of purer
white, ending at submedian nervure. Basal area, of ground color, but toward
inner margin covered with light grayish hairs, which extend along margin to
anal angle. Beneath, general color is grayish white, with a very slight yellowish
brown tinge, and showing shadows of the markings above. Costa of primaries
1 Canadian Entomologist, Vol. XXIII, No. 6.
¥
6 WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA [Pon
marked with darkish brown and white, reflecting markings above. Hind mar-
gin edged with blackish brown, and within, covering one third of marginal area,
darkish brown, with a row of white specks in interspaces. Costa of secondaries
white, same as ground color. Hind margin edged with a line of blackish
brown, shading off into ground color. In space below submedian nervule, the
dark markings of upper side show more prominently than elsewhere.
Described from twelve specimens in my collection, taken near
San José del Cabo, Lower California, by Mr. M. Abbott Frazar,
1888.
Myscelia streckeri Skinner.'
(Pigie Ti Pigeure 2, (Oe Eigen ds)
Habitat: Lower California. Expanse: male, 2.12 inches;
female, 2.50 inches.
The superior wings are of a rich black with a purplish cast, a broken line
of bluish purple marginal dots runs very close to the exterior margin. There
are three white apical spots surrounded by the same heliotrope color; running
from the base for about one quarter inch into the discoidal cell are two of
heliotrope or purple-blue; starting from the base is a large blotch of the same
color extending into the wing for nearly one half inch. The inferior wings are
emarginate and of the same color as the superiors only somewhat lighter, and
have the same marginal spots with a faint indication of a submarginal band.
There is a heliotrope blotch on the inferiors similar to that on the superiors;
the under side of the inferiors and the apices of the superiors on the under
side look very much like the under side of the inferiors of Pyramezs atalanta,
and I think cannot be described in words.
The female is larger, lighter in color, and in addition to the three apical
spots has two on the wing near the centre of the costa, and three which are
submarginal. The three apical spots are not surrounded by heliotrope color
as in the male, and the others are plain white. ‘The under side is the same as
in the male.
Described from five specimens from Lower California through
the kindness of Mr. A. G. Weeks, Jr.
I take pleasure in dedicating this species to my friend, Dr.
Herman Strecker.
1 Dr. Henry Skinner, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., Vol. XVI, p. 87.
June 3°) WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA 7
1900
Colias hecate sp. nov.
(Plate I171.)
I have received the following description, in manuscript, from
Dr. Herman Strecker, and have his permission to publish it here.
Habitat: Congo, West Africa. Expanse: 1.88 inches.
Size and shape of Lurytheme.
Male.— Body, above, black with yellow hairs. Some red or pinkish hairs on
the head and collar. Wings above pale yellow orange; at costa of secondaries
lemon yellow. Primaries with a black marginal band, which is parallel with the
exterior margin from the inner margin to middle of wing, whence it widens to
the costa at a point about one third in from the apex. A good-sized black
discal spot. Secondaries with a moderate black marginal band, widest from
middle toward the apex and narrowing toward the anal angle, which it
does not reach. A pale orange geminate discal spot. Fringe of primaries
pinkish brown, paler at inner angle; of secondaries more yellowish. Under
surface lemon yellow, costa edged with pink. On primaries two small brown
spots on costa, and four submarginal ones. A black discal spot, centred with a
white dot. Secondaries with silver discal spots encircled with reddish brown,
the anterior one much the smallest. A brown mark on the costa, and a sub-
marginal row of small brown spots, one in each cell.
Female.— Lemon yellow, primaries with a very pale orange shade on the inner
part of disk between the median vein and inner margin; some black scales
along the costal margin and at base. A black marginal band much as in the
male but wider on its inner half, and enclosing three inconspicuous yellow
spots, one between veins 2 and 3, and two, almost geminate, half way between
the latter and the costa. A black discal spot. Secondaries with a black exte-
rior margin more even in width than in the male but not as sharply defined on
the inner edge. A double orange discal spot. All fringes pink. Under surface
as in the male, but the discal spots smaller, the anterior one of secondaries
being little more than a dot.
Types, two males, one female, from Ovim-Bunda, Congo, West
Africa. Except the red C. e/ectra of the Cape regions, this is the
only African Colias so far known to occur south of the Great
Desert.
8 WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA me
Pandora prola Doubl.Hew.
FEMALE.
(Plate TV.)
Habitat: Colombia, Bogota District. Expanse: 3.12 inches.
Front and summit of head of bluish slate color, with touchings or spottings
of white bordering the eyes. Antennz black; club black, shading to gray
at extreme tip. Thorax generally black with a blue-slate lustre, brick-red
beneath. Palpi black above, white beneath; legs the same. Abdomen, above,
black with blue-slate lustre, shading to mouse color underneath.
Upper side of primaries prominently crossed by a band of blue steel color,
having much lustre, and a third of an inch wide, extending from costa, curv-
ing outwards and striking inner margin just within the angle. This band
extends across the secondaries also. Outside of this band, plain soft black
slightly tinged with blue, excepting that midway between the band and tip of
wing is another band of blue steel color, rather indistinct, starting in a whitish
spot on the subcostal vein and extending across to centre of hind margin, and
then continuing down in an almost imperceptible line to the angle, there join-
ing the larger band.
Inside of the large band, the ground color is lustrous deep blue steel color,
with heavy transverse black lines. Of these lines there are six in the discoidal
space, equidistant. The first two extend to the submedian vein, the third
crosses the space only, the fourth continues to the inner margin, the fifth
crosses the space only, and the sixth extends downward to the inner margin,
meeting the large band at the second median veinlet, showing considerable
suffusion then toward the base. The costa is of the same blue steel color,
tapering to black as it approaches the tip, but crossed by the large band.
The secondaries have the same general appearance, the large band extending
to the anal angle, following the curve of the hind margin, one quarter to one
third of an inch within it. This space or border of the hind margin is plain
blue-black. ‘he band on the secondaries is more blue, not showing the slight
greenish lustre of the same band on the primaries. Beginning at the sub-
costal vein, the band is bordered on the inside by a black line, showing suf-
fusion toward base and tapering to a thread toward anal angle. The space
is crossed by two heavy black lines, with a suggestion of another line between
them. :
Beneath, the discoidal space of primaries only, shows the blue steel ground.
At the apex of the space this shades into a band or space of blue-black which
extends from centre of costa to submedian vein, covering one third of the wing.
This space of blue-black shades into a band of lustrous silvery white, which
extends across the tip of the wing from the costa to near the centre of the
ayee 5] WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA 9
1900
hind margin and is one quarter inch wide. The space beyond this to tip is
brick-red. In the discoidal space are two brick-red spots bordered with black,
one near the base and showing suffusion toward the base; the other larger
and crossing centre of discoidal space; beyond this larger spot are two black
lines. The lower portion of the wing, from a line drawn from anal angle to
apex of the discoidal space and thence down the median vein, is mouse color.
The under side of secondaries is brick-red, with a slight blue lustre in certain
lights. The hind and inner margins are bordered by a thread of black. One
quarter inch within the hind margin is an indistinct line of black, following
the contour of the margin, with suffusion toward base of wing. In the
centre of the discoidal space are two small black spots. Beyond these, in the
discoidal space, is an indistinct black line extending up to costa. One quarter
inch beyond this line is another, running downward from costa, just beyond
discoidal space, and fading away towards median veinlets.
This female was received by me from the Bogota District in
1898. Its general appearance is identical with that of the male,
although somewhat larger than most of the hundreds of males
in my collection. The main feature, its distinctive mark, is the
brick-red tip on under side of primaries, the space being blue-
black in the male.
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ERRATUM.
The authority for the name Co/ias hecate on Plate IIT should
be Weeks, not Strecker.
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JUNE 30, 1900 VoL. II, pp. 11-12
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW RICE GRACKLE.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
WHEN I was in Washington this spring, Mr. Robert Ridgway
and I got together and compared a large series of rice grackles;
when it at once became apparent that the Colombian bird needs a
name, differing much from either true Cassidix oryzivora (Gml.)
or C. oryzivora mexicana (Lesson).
Cassidix oryzivora oryzivora inhabits Guiana, Trinidad, and the
Amazon Valley, including central Ecuador, and probably also
Venezuela. The new form occurs throughout Colombia, north to
the Isthmus of Panama. The Panama specimens are not typical,
but incline toward C. oryzivora mexicana of southern Mexico.
The Colombian form may be known by the following diagnosis.
Cassidix oryzivora violea’ subsp. nov.
Type, from La Concepcion, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, 3000 feet alti-
tude, Colombia, adult ¢, no. 5855, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs, collected
Feb. 12, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Subspecific characters.— Similar to Cassidix oryzivora oryzivora, but larger,
and the adult male with the plumage glossed with violet instead of bronzy (it
1 Violeus — of a violet color.
12 BANGS— NEW RICE GRACKLE BNE Ze:
is bronzy on back and sometimes on neck ruffs, but not elsewhere). Similar
to C. oryzivora mexicana, but /arger, bill stouter, and back bronzy instead of
violet like under parts; feathers of under parts more narrowly tipped with
violet. ‘Iris straw color.” !
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Exposed
No. Sex Wing Tail Tarsus culmen
cons o@ ad. Type. 209. 158. 46.6 39.0
5856 of ad. Topotype. 21m “Iss. 47:0 goes
5857 & ad. Topotype. 207. 153. 47.0 38.0
5710 Q ad. From Palomina, Colombia. 160. 119g. 39-4 31.4
1 Note made from fresh specimen by Mr. Brown.
SEPTEMBER 20, 1900 VoL. II, Pp. 13-34
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
LIST OF BIRDS COLLECTED BY W. W. BROWN, JR.,
AT LOMA DEL LEON, PANAMA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
For twenty-eight days in March, 1g00, Mr. W. W. Brown, Jr.,
collected birds and mammals, for my brother and me, at Loma
del Leon (Lion Hill Station), Panama,— preparing in this time
752 skins.
Loma del Leon lies in the rain-soaked, swampy country of the
eastern side of the Isthmus (the western coast being much drier,
with a scrubby growth). It is a station from which many birds
have been sent to the larger collections of both England and
America, and a number of specimens obtained there by Mr.
Brown are practically topotypes—in some cases actual topo-
types —of species of Lawrence, Salvin and Godman, and others.
The collection of birds is a very fine one; but the birds of the
region are so well known that the present paper takes much the
form of a list, in most cases merely the name and the number of
specimens taken by Mr. Brown being given, comment being
unnecessary; and but three forms receive new names.
I am under the greatest obligation to Drs. Ridgway and Rich-
mond for allowing me the unrestricted use of the collection of
birds in the National Museum and for helping me identify
specimens.
— P.N.E.Z.C.
14 BANGS PANAMA BIRDS Vol Il
Crypturus soui modestus (Cab.).
Three specimens, a pair of adults taken March 25, and a
young bird about two thirds grown. This form is readily dis-
tinguished from true C. sowé by the dark color of the under side
of the neck.
e
Helodromas solitarius (Wils.).
One male, taken March 11.
Jacana nigra (Gmel.).
One male, March 30. “Frontal plate, loral flaps, and basal
part of bell, poppy red.”*
Aramides cayanea chiricote (Hartl.).
One male, March 16.
Porzana carolina (Linn.).
One male, March 18.
Porzana albigularis (Lawr.).
One male, March 26.
lonornis martinica (Linn.).
One male, March 23.
Ortalis cinereiceps (Gray).
One female, March 21.
1 Note made by Mr. Brown from fresh specimen.
Sept. al BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS
1900
Leptoptila cassini Lawr.
Five specimens, all males.
-
Claravis pretiosa (Ferrari-Perez).
Seven specimens, both sexes.
Columbigallina rufipennis (Bp.).
Two males.
Cochlearius zeledoni Ridg.
One female.
Tigrisoma lineatum (Bodd.).
One male.
Buteo latissimus (Wils.).
One immature male.
Asturina nitida (Lath.).
One adult male.
Busarellus nigricollis (Lath.).
One adult male.
Spizaétus tyrannus (Max.).
One adult male.
Micrastur melanoleucus (Vieill.).
One immature male.
iS
16 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS [Py
Strix guatemalz Ridg.
One adult male.
Pulsatrix torquata (Daud.).
Two adults — male and female.
Brotogerys jugularis (Miill.).
Three specimens.
Pionus menstruus rubrigularis (Cabanis).
One adult male. In this northern form of the blue-headed
parrot the rose-colored spot on the throat is larger, and the blue
of the head and neck is duller.
Crotophaga ani Linn.
One male.
Diplopterus navius (Linn.).
Four males. Panama birds seem to average a little smaller
than Mexican, but larger than South American, specimens.
Piaya cayana thermophila (Scl.).
Three specimens, all males.
Piaya minuta (Vieill.).
Four specimens, both sexes.
Sept. zi BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 17
1900
Nyctidromus albicollis (Gmel.).
Three specimens,— one male, two females. One of these is
in the usual reddish brown plumage, the other two are extremely
dark-colored individuals.
Urospatha martii (Spix).
Three fine males.
Ceryle inda (Linn.).
Three males.
Ceryle superciliosa (Linn.).
Five specimens, both sexes.
The Panama form is true C. superciliosa, showing no approach
to C. superciliosa stictoptera Ridg. of Yucatan, and differing in
no way from specimens from Surinam. One Panama skin,
no. 7102, has green spots on the upper sides of the white belly
patch, but no green spots on under tail-coverts. One adult male
from Surinam, no. 9932, Bangs collection, has the under tail-
coverts spotted with green, but no green breast spots. A com-
bination of these two specimens would make an exact counterpart
of the plate of Ceryle eguatorialis Sharp, of Ecuador.
Bucco dysoni Scl.
Two specimens, male and female.
Nonnula frontalis Scl.
Two specimens, male and female.
Rhamphastos brevicarinatus Gould.
Two females.
PANAMA BIRDS P.N.E.Z.C.
18 BANGS AiG
Pteroglossus torquatus (Gmel.).
One male.
Capito maculicoronatus Lawr.
Two adult males.
Picumnus olivaceus Lafr.
Two adult males. ‘These are true 2. olivaceus.
Celeus squamatus Lawr.
Three males.
Celeus squamatus Lawr. of Panama is a very well-marked form,
differing in many ways from C. /oricatus that surrounds it... C.
sguamatus differs from C. /oricatus (Costa Rica specimens, and the
type of C. mentalis from Turbo, Colombia) in being smaller, the
wing averaging 118.5 mm. as against 123.5 mm., in having the
upper parts a paler shade of rufous, the under parts much paler,
pale buff instead of dull ochraceous rufous, and very much more
conspicuously marked with scale-like black markings, which are
quite as heavy on belly and sides as on breast. In C. loricatus
the black markings become much smaller and less noticeable
posteriorly.
Melanerpes wagleri Salv. and Godm.
Eight specimens, both sexes. These are topotypes.
The form I described from Santa Marta as AZ. wagleri sancta-
marte is a miniature of true wag/eri, but differs, besides, slightly
in color, the frontal band in the Santa Marta bird being whiter,
and the inner rectrices more heavily marked with white.
1 Celeus loricatus Reich. was described from a specimen from northwestern Peru. I have
seen no specimens from nearer the type locality than Turbo, Colombia,—this one the type of
C. mentalis Cassin. Birds from Costa Rica are much the same; and while more material may
show several geographical races, none of them are much like C. sguamatus of Panama.
PANAMA BIRDS
Sept. a BANGS
1900
Melanerpes pucherani (Malh.).
Two males.
Ceophleeus lineatus (Linn.).
One male.
Trogon caligatus Gould.
Eleven specimens, both sexes.
Trogon atricollis tenuellus (Cab.).
Three specimens, two males and a female.
Trogon chionurus Scl. and Sally.
Four specimens, both sexes.
Trogon melanurus macrurus (Gould).
Two males.
Trogon massena Gould.
Two specimens, male and female.
Phaéthornis longirostris (Less. and Delatt).
Four specimens, all males.
Aphantochroa cirrhochloris (Vieill.).
Nine specimens, both sexes.
Lampornis violicauda (Bodd.).
Six specimens, both sexes.
og)
20 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS P.N.E.Z.C,
Vol. II
Amizillis fuscicaudata (Fraser).
Three specimens, one male and two females.
Damophila panamensis Berl.
Two specimens, male and female.
Copurus leuconotus Lafr.
Four specimens, one male and three females.
Todirostrum cinereum (Linn.).
Two specimens, male and female.
Todirostrum schistaceiceps Scl.
One female.
Oncostoma olivacea Lawr.
One male.
Mionectes oleagineus parcus’* subsp. nov.
Two males.
Type, from Loma del Leon, Panama, ¢ adult, no. 7187, coll. of E. A. and
O. Bangs, collected March 30, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Subspecific characters.— Similar in general to true JZ. oleagineus of South
America, but smaller; bill rather smaller and with more black on lower
mandible; darker in color throughout, back and pileum much darker green,
and throat much darker, more grayish, less olivaceous.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Exposed
No. Sex and age Wing Tail Tarsus culmen
7187 Type & adult 57-0 45.0 13-2 10.2
7188 Topotype & adult 56.0 44.5 13-4 10.0
1 Parcus — small, slight.
seg BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 2
Remarks.—In my opinion AVtonectes assimilis Scl. of Central
America is a very distinct species. It is larger than true JZ,
oleagineus, and is very different in color, having a much paler
belly, gray throat, and dusky grayish olive head, and the under
side of the tail much darker, less reddish brown. In the series
in the National Museum I find no sign of intergradation.
MM. oleagineus parcus, however, probably intergrades with true
M. oleagineus, of which it is a small, dark, northern race.
Capsiempis flaveola (Licht.).
Two specimens, a pair, taken March 1o.
Elanea pagana subpagana Scl. and Salvy.
Six specimens, both sexes.
Legatus albicollis (Vieill.).
One male.
Myiozetetes cayennensis (Linn.).
Eight specimens, both sexes.
Myiozetetes similis superciliosus (Bp.).
Four specimens, both sexes.
Myiozetetes granadensis Lawr.
Nine specimens, both sexes.
Pitangus lictor (Licht.).
Three specimens, a male and two females.
22 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS FE:
Myiodynastes audax nobilis (Scl.).
Eleven specimens, both sexes.
Muscivora mexicana (Scl.).
One adult female.
Myiobius atricaudus Lawr.
One adult female.
Empidonax traillii (Aud.).
One adult male, taken March 17.
Blacicus brachytarsus (Scl.).
Two males.
Myiarchus panamensis Lawr.
Five specimens, both sexes.
Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (Licht.).
Sixteen specimens, both sexes.
Tyrannus tyrannus (Linn.).
Three specimens, two males, and a female, taken March 20,
26, and 30.
Manacus vitellina Gould.
Fifteen specimens, both sexes.
Sept. 20 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 23
1900
Tityra semifasciata personata (Jard. and Selb.).
Four specimens, three males and a female.
Pachyrhamphus cinereus (Bodd.).
Four specimens, both sexes.
Pachyrhamphus cinnamomeus Lawr.
Four specimens, both sexes.
Pachyrhamphus sp. ?
One female, clearly not either of the preceding, and belonging
to a species I have not been able to identify.
Laniocera rufescens (Scl.).
One adult male.
Attila sclateri Lawr.
Two adult males.
Querula cruenta (Bodd.).
Four specimens, both sexes.
Myrmotherula surinamensis (Gmel.).
Three specimens, a female and two males.
Cercomacra tyrannina (Scl.).
Four specimens, three males and one female.
— ) P.N.E.Z.C.
BANGS PANAMA BIRDS Vol. Il
Cercomacra maculicaudis (Scl.).
Three specimens, two males and a female.
Gymnocichla nudiceps (Cassin).
Seven specimens, five males and two females.
Hypocnemis navioides (Lafr.).
Two specimens, male and female.
Phlogopsis macleannani Lawr.
Two specimens, male and female.
Formicarius hoffmanni Cab.
One adult female.
Cymbilanius lineatus fasciatus Ridg.
Two specimens, male and female.
Thamnophilus tranandeanus Scl.
Eight specimens, both sexes.
Thamnophilus nzvius (Gmel.).
Four females.
Thamnophilus doliatus (Linn.).
Eight specimens, both sexes.
Sept. oa BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 25
1900
Myrmelastes intermedius (Cherrie).
Four specimens, both sexes. ’
Myrmelastes ceterus’ sp. nov.
Type (and only specimen in the collection) from Loma del Leon, Panama,
& adult, no. 7323, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs, collected March 30, 1900,
by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Specific characters.— Similar to WM. lawrencti Salv. and Godm. of Nicaragua
and Chiriqui, except that the Panama form has white-tipped greater wing-
coverts and rectrices, and much larger and more prominent concealed white
patch on back.
Color.— Adult male (type): black all over; wings rather brownish black;
a large, concealed, white patch on back; wing-coverts broadly tipped with
white and rectrices narrowly tipped with white; lining of wing mostly whitish.
Measurements.— Adult male (type): wing, 73-; tail, 55.; tarsus, 30.4;
exposed culmen, 18.2 mm.
Remarks.— M. ceterus is the bird Lawrence described as A/yr-
melastes corvinus from an immature male from Panama. Salvin
and Godman, finding that the name corvinus had already been
used in connection with A/yrmelastes, renamed the species /aw-
rencii and described one of the Chiriqui examples from their col-
lection. Now it appears that two species enter into the question —
one inhabiting Nicaragua and Chiriqui, the other Panama, the
Panama form (corvinus Lawr.= ceferus) distinguished by having
white tips to the rectrices and greater wing-coverts and a prom-
inent concealed white patch on back, the Nicaragua and Chiriqui
form (/awrencit Salv. and Godm.) by having no white on wings or
tail and the concealed dorsal patch almost obsolete.
Dendrornis nana Lawr.
Twelve specimens, both sexes.
Picolaptes lineaticeps Lafr.
One adult male.
1 Ceterus — the other, that which exists besides.
26
BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS
Xiphorhynchus trochilirostris (Licht.).
Two specimens, male and female.
Sclerurus mexicanus Scl.
Two specimens, males.
Sclerurus guatemalensis (Hartl.).
Two specimens, male and female.
Automolus pallidigularis Lawr.
One adult female.
Xenops genibarbis [Il.
Three males.
Synallaxis pudica Scl.
Five specimens, both sexes.
Stelgidopteryx uropygialis (Lawr.).
One adult male.
Progne chalybea (Gmel.).
Three males.
Troglodytes inquietus Baird.
Two males.
PN. E.Z.C.
Vol. II
Sept. ial BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS
1g00
Thryothorus fasciatoventris albigularis (Scl.).
Four specimens, all males.
Thryophilus modestus (Cab.).
Two specimens, male and female.
Thryophilus galbraithi Lawr.
Seven specimens, both sexes.
Thryophilus castaneus (Lawr.).
One adult male.
Cyphorhinus lawrencii Scl.
Three specimens, two males, one female.
Rhodinocichla rosea (Less.).
Two females.
Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Linn.).
One female, taken March 6.
Merula grayii casius (Bp.).
Ten specimens, both sexes.
Hylocichla ustulata swainsonii (Cab.).
One female, taken March 25.
28 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS P.N.E.Z.C.
Geothlypis formosa (Wils.).
One male, taken March 29.
Seiurus noveboracensis (Gmel.).
One male, taken March 27.
Dendroica pensylvanica (Linn.).
One male, taken March 21.
Dendroica zxstiva (Gmel.).
One male, taken March 8.
Coereba mexicana (Scl.).
One adult female.
Cyanerpes cyaneus (Linn.).
Eight specimens, seven males, one female.
Dacnis ultramarina Lawr.
One adult female.
Euphonia crassirostris Scl.
Seventeen specimens, both sexes.
As there seemed to be some difference of opinion as to the
distinctness of 2. daniirostris Lafr. and Daub. from the Colombian
bird (Z. crasstrostris Scl.), I examined the cotypes of the former,
now in the collection of the Boston Society of Natural History.
ee BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 29
The cotypes are two adults, both males, in fine condition, nos.
2848 and 2849, from Yuracares, Bolivia.
Without doubt they represent a different form from the common
species of Colombia and Central America. &. crassirostris is
glossed on head and hind neck with purple, which gradually
becomes steel blue on lower back and rump. The cotypes of
£. lanitrostris are wholly glossed with purple above; below they
are deeper yellow—more orange. J. /anitrostris is also larger
(no. 2848, adult g, cotype: wing, 65.; no. 2849, adult ¢,
cotype: wing, 66.5), and has a heavier, stouter bill. In &. eras-
strostris the wing, in the adult male, measures about 62 mm., a
large number of examples that I measured varying but little from
this, either one way or the other.
Eucometis cristata (Du Bus).
Five specimens, both sexes. A female taken March 25 had an
egg in the oviduct.
Mitrospingus cassini (Lawr.).
Two specimens, a pair, taken March 27.
Heterospingus rubrifrons Lawr.
One male.
Tachyphonus rufus Bodd.
Twenty-seven specimens, both sexes.
Tachyphonus luctuosus Lafr.
One male.
al P.N.E.Z.C.
30 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS NEz
Pheenicothraupis fuscicauda erythrolzma (Scl.).
Ten specimens, both sexes.
This, the southern form of P. fuscicauda, extending from Santa
Marta to Panama, differs from true fwscicauda of Costa Rica in
its generally paler and redder coloring. ‘The back, in eryt¢hro-
lema, is redder, and the belly and sides are much paler and
decidedly redder.
Piranga rubra (Linn.).
Two males, both taken March 29.
Rhamphocelus dimidiatus Lafr.
Ten specimens, both sexes.
Rhamphocelus icteronotus Bp.
Twenty-five specimens, both sexes.
Tanagra cana diaconus (Less.).
Twenty-four specimens, both sexes.
Tanagra palmarum melanoptera (Scl.).
Thirty specimens, both sexes.
Calospiza larvata fanny (Lafr.).
Fifteen specimens, both sexes.
Calospiza inornata (Gould).
Nine specimens, both sexes.
Sept. a BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS 31
1900
Saltator lacertosus' sp. nov.
Six specimens, both sexes.
Type, from Loma del Leon, Panama, @ adult, no. 7524, coll. of E. A. and
O. Bangs, collected March 10, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Specific characters.— Nearest to S. atriceps Less. of Mexico and Central
America, differing from that species in being smaller; tail shorter; bill much
larger and stouter; white superciliary stripe much more pronounced; no
black band across lower throat; under tail-coverts much darker— more
rusty; sides and flanks browner; sides of face gray (blackish in S. atriceps) ;
sexes similar in color.
Coler.— Pileum black; back, wings and tail, bright, yellowish, olive green;
inner webs of primaries and secondaries dusky; a white superciliary stripe
reaching some distance behind eye; cheeks slate gray; chin black; throat
pure white, bordered at lower sides by black, and sometimes a few black spots
on the feathers of breast just behind white throat patch, but ever a black
band separating throat patch and breast (as in S. atriceps); breast and belly
gray (no. 6 of Ridgway); sides and flanks dull olive brown; under tail-coverts
dull ferruginous; bend of wing yellow.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Exposed
No. Sex and age Wing Tail Tarsus culmen
7524 Type Q ad. rm Ie 122: 29. 24.6
7525 Topotype Q ad. ITO. 106.5 29.6 “Ay
7526 - & ad. 107.2 110. 29. 215.2
7527 &e g ad: 116. — 30. 21s
7528 Ke Gad 118.5 21. 29.6 25.2
7529 ue & ad IG 12%. 30. 24.6
Remarks.—In Washington I examined a splendid series of
Saltators. The National Museum contains specimens of S. az?
ceps from a great many different places in southern Mexico and
Central America, and also a few skins of the new form from
Panama, I could not find the slightest indication that the two
forms intergrade and must therefore regard the Panama bird as
a distinct species. It is, in truth, such a very different bird in so
many ways that I cannot understand how the two have for so
long been confused and run together under one specific name.
1 Lacertosus— powerful,
2 Primaries growing, after moult, and not of full length.
as P.N.E.Z.C.
32 BANGS PANAMA BIRDS Vol tt
Saltator intermedius Lawr.
Nineteen specimens, both sexes.
This is another very well-marked form, occurring in Chiriqui
and Panama, that has lately not been recognized as distinct. In
the very large series I have just examined I find no intergrades
between it and S. magnoides of southern Mexico, Nicaragua and
Costa Rica; in fact, specimens from the last-named country are
quite as extreme magnoides as are Mexican examples. The chief
differences between the two forms are as follows. In S. magnoides
the black band behind the throat patch is very broad, often
extending back over the breast; the under parts are dark gray.
In S. zntermedius the black band behind the throat patch is very
narrow, often reduced to a series of black spots, and sometimes
wholly wanting; the under parts are dull brownish (not gray).
S. intermedius may or may not intergrade with S. magnus of
northern South America. I have seen no specimens, however,
that show any tendency to such an intergradation. S. magnus is
so much smaller and has such a weak bill (in comparison to the
bill of .S. z/ermedius), besides differing much in color, that, even
if intergradation does take place, all three must stand as strongly
characterized forms.
Saltator albicollis isthmicus (Scl.).
Fifteen specimens, both sexes.
Arremon aurantiirostris Lafr.
Nine specimens, both sexes.
Arremonops conirostris (Bp.).
Twenty-three specimens, both sexes.
Sept. #4 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS Be
1900
Euetheia pusilla (Swains.).
One male.
Sporophila minuta (Linn.).
Three males.
Sporophila aurita (Bp.).
Seven specimens, six males, one female. The males are, as
usual, very variable in the amount of black and white below.
Pitylus grossus (Linn.).
Four specimens, three males, one female.
Cyanocompsa concreta cyanescens Ridg.
Six skins, two adult females, three adult males, and a young
male in mottled blue and brown plumage.
Spiza americana (Gmel.).
One male, taken March 17.
Amblycercus holosericeus (Licht.).
Fourteen specimens, both sexes.
Icterus galbula (Linn.).
Two specimens, a male, taken March 17, and a female, taken
March 18.
fies P.N.E.Z.C.
34 BANGS — PANAMA BIRDS aa
Icterus mesomelas salvini (Cassin).
Thirteen specimens, both sexes.
Cacicus microrhynchus Scl. and Salv.
Four specimens, both sexes.
Zarhynchus wagleri (Gray).
Six skins, both sexes.
tie
on ;
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SEPTEMBER 20, 1900 VoL. II, pp. 35-41
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
THREE NEW RODENTS FROM SOUTHERN
LABRADOR.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
Or the three rodents here described as new subspecies, one is
the Labrador porcupine, which is now represented in our collec-
tion by sixteen splendid specimens, skins and skulls, and one
other skull, all taken by Ernest Doane at Black Bay and Lance
au Loup. I have known for some time that this porcupine was
different from true Zrethizon dorsatus, but have been waiting for
ample material before naming it. Its chief external difference
lies in its uniform black or brownish black color, without the
white hairs that are so conspicuous a mark of the more southern
form, /. dorsatus dorsatus.
Another is the very large form of Phenacomys celatus * repre-
sented by a series of sixteen specimens from Hamilton Inlet,
taken by C. H. Goldthwaite, and one from Lance au Loup, taken
by Ernest Doane.
In his synopsis of the voles of the genus Phenacomys® Mr.
Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., says: ‘‘The specimens from Hamilton Inlet
1 P.ungava and P. celatus were described by Merriam in the same article and have been
proved by Miller to be the same, but as ce/atus appears first it is the name that should be used
for the species.
2 Proc. Biol. Soc. of Washington, Vol. XI, p. 85, April 21, 1897.
36 BANGS— NEW LABRADOR RODENTS ae ges
average considerably larger than the type of P. wugava or the
two adults from Godbout, Quebec, but as they agree in all other
characters it seems unwise to separate them on the basis of the
material now at hand.” Since then I have talked the matter
over with Mr. Miller, and he thoroughly agrees with me that the
form needs a name.
The specimens from Godbout, Quebec, and from Fort Chimo,
Ungava, agree in size and unquestionably belong to the same
form. The new form inhabits the coastal strip of eastern Labra-
dor, on the other side of the height of land. The height of land
lying some distance back from the coast and extending parallel
to it makes a natural division, that separates the forms of the
coastal forest from those of the western watershed. ‘This division
appears to have an effect on some of the smaller mammals, the
Phenacomys being a case in point; and although too little is
known about the distribution of mammalian life in interior Labra-
dor to allow of any definite statement, still it seems safe to say
that the coastal forest lies in a slightly different faunal area from
the northern and western parts of the Labrador peninsula.
The third new form is a lemming of the very interesting sub-
genus Mictomys. So rare are these animals in eastern North
America, that four specimens, belonging to three forms, are all
that at the present time are known to exist in collections. The
first of these was brought to notice by Mr. True, and was the
type of the subgenus and of his species, Mictomys innuitus, from
Fort Chimo; then I recorded one specimen from Hamilton Inlet,
taken by Goldthwaite, calling attention to its not being typical
innuitus; next Mr. Preble made his astonishing discovery of a
very distinct species in the White Mountains of New Hampshire,
taking a single individual, the type of his A/sctomys sphagnicola ;
and now I record a fourth example from Lance au Loup, Labra-
dor, and make it the type of a new subspecies. It and the Hamil-
ton Inlet specimen belong to the same form, which differs from
true inuitus in being larger, with a skull larger and slightly
flatter, and with both incisor and molar teeth heavier. The new
form is very different from sfhagnicola,* with which it needs no
1 New Lemming Mouse from White Mountains, New Hampshire, Edward A. Preble, Proc.
Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. XIII, pp. 43-45, May 29, 1899.
Sica BANGS — NEW LABRADOR RODENTS 37
comparison, and, although showing good characters to distinguish
it from zanuitus, is perhaps best treated as a subspecies of that
species.
Mr. Preble has compared, with great kindness, my two Labra-
dor examples with the types of zzmuitus and sphagnicola, and
agrees with me that the form of southern Labrador is different
from either of the previously named forms of eastern North
America.
For nearly a year Mr. Doane trapped in vain for this elusive
little lemming in every kind of place about Black Bay and Lance
au Loup, taking the vole and the red-backed mouse by the hun-
dred. On the night of April 15, 1899, as Mr. Doane was coming
home after dark through the woods, he saw a little mouse-like
animal run along the snow in front of him, and reaching out, he
trod on it with his snow-shoe. When he picked it up, he thought
in the darkness that it was only the common vole, but fortunately
he carried it home, and on again looking at it found to his delight
that it was the long-sought-for lemming.
Erethizon dorsatus picinus' subsp. nov.
Type, from Lance au Loup, Labrador, J’, old adult, no. 8839, coll. of E.
A. and O. Bangs, collected Feb. 16, 1899, by Ernest Doane.
Subspecific characters — Size rather larger than in true £. dorsatus; tail
averaging a little shorter; color plain black or brownish black, without white-
tipped or white-ringed hairs; skull rather larger; rostral portion stouter;
incisor teeth broader and stronger, and usually dull yellow (the incisors of
true #. dorsatus are usually orange); molariform teeth smaller.
Color and pelage.— Hairs jet black in color, or in some specimens dull
brownish or rusty black,” very long and rather wooly, entirely or nearly con-
cealing the quills except on rump and tail; a few of the stiff quill-like hairs
on sides of tail and rump, tipped with yellowish; quills on head and fore part
of body white basally and rusty brown at ends; quills on rump and tail white
with brownish black ends.
1 Picinus— pitch-black.
2 These brownish specimens, four in number, have the appearance of being faded. They are
all youngish individuals taken in winter or early spring, and have, perhaps, carried the coat of
the previous summer over without moult. There are in the series two young of about the same
age as the brownish ones, that are entirely black, showing that the brownish color is not a
constant juvenile character.
38 BANGS— NEW LABRADOR RODENTS eae
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Total Tail Hind
No. Sex and age Locality length vertebrae foot Ear
8839 (type) d, old ad. Lance au Loup 790 166 124 36
8837 d, old ad. Sle 787 192 106 35
8838 &, old ad. RSA ASS! see 753 195 97 36
83834 dg, old ad. oan gs 757 204 97 34
8835 &, old ad. ely ae. pees 172 115 40
8836 Q, old ad. Ge 762 182 112 40
8840 ?, old ad. 2D 697 183 104 32
8832 2, old ad. Black Bay 702 196 104 31
8843 Q, adult Lance au Loup 652 151 97 31
8844 2, adult iV SES 650 172 94 33
8841 ©, adult BB 643 148 98 35
8842 2, adult spake ta i: 633 157 100 ar
8845 &, youngish aE ge eSoanESS 615 146 85 2
8846 &, youngish oe Ta 580 149 go 33
8833 ?, youngish Black Bay 585 178 81 26
8847 &, young Lance au Loup 568 134 88 2
(Note.— On account of their obesity, the troublesome quills and the thick-
ness and rigidity of their tails, porcupines are extremely troublesome animals
to measure in the flesh, and collectors’ measurements must always be taken
with a good deal of allowance one way or the other.)
Skull, type, old adult male: basal length, 99.6; occipitonasal length, 104.;
zygomatic width, 76.; mastoid width, 47.8; least interorbital width, 34.; length
of nasals, 35.6; width of nasals, 23.6; length of palate, to palatal notch, 49.2,
to end of pterygoid, 78.; upper tooth row, alveoli, 25.; length of mandible,
83.; lower tooth row, alveoli, 30. mm.
Cranial characters. E.. dorsatus picinus has a rather heavier skull, with
wider, stronger rostral portion, than £. dorsatus dorsatus; incisor teeth are
heavier and decidedly paler in color — yellowish instead of orange; molariform
teeth smaller; the nasals average shorter; palate narrower between molari-
form teeth, shorter and more cut away posteriorly; posterior narial aperture
decidedly smaller.
Remarks.— The Labrador porcupine differs from true Z. dorsa-
tus of the upper Transition and Canadian zones, of eastern North
America, chiefly in its uniform black color, the grayish white
hairs that are so conspicuously sprinkled over the back and head
of the Canadian animal never being present in Labrador speci-
mens. It also seems to be larger, though the porcupines grow
slowly and apparently take several years to gain full size. Com-
parisons in size and proportions are therefore not easy to make
without very large series.
sigh BANGS — NEW LABRADOR RODENTS 39
I find a very decided individual variation in the skulls of both
forms, so much so in fact that average differences must be used
to distinguish them. The Labrador series compared with an
equally good series in our collection, from New Hampshire,
Maine, and Nova Scotia, shows good characters of this sort, as
pointed out above.
Phenacomys celatus crassus* subsp. nov.
Type, from Rigoulette, Hamilton Inlet, Labrador, &, old adult, no. 3959,
coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs, collected Aug. 15, 1895, by C. H. Goldthwaite.
Subspecific characters.— Like true P. celatus, except very much larger, with
a similar, but bigger, skull.
Color.— Upper parts rich cinnamon brown, much mixed along back and on
head with dark brown (about Prout’s brown) hairs; sides, and usually region
behind ear, paler—approaching wood brown; rump and flanks rather more
russet; snout, back to base of whiskers and eye, clear cinnamon to cinnamon
rufous; under parts grayish white; under fur slate-color; feet and hands
grayish white; tail bicolor—whitish below, brown above.
Adult specimens taken at Hamilton Inlet in summer do not differ essentially
in color from the one example from Lance au Loup, which was killed in May,
and is in full winter pelage. In some of the former the fur is rather ragged,
but the colors are little changed.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Total Tail Hind
No. Sex and age Locality length vertebrae foot Ear
3946 aaad: Hamilton Inlet 160 37 20 15
3960 ?, ad. _ . 147 37 20 15
3958 Opad: 2: 3: 157 37 21 17
3959 (type) d, ad. 4 + 157 37 20 16
3961 Q, ad. a «6 158 40 20 15
8851 é, ad. Lance au Loup 145 33 20 14
Skull, type, f adult: basal length, 26.; occipitonasal length, 28.; zygo-
matic width, 15.6; mastoid width, 11.8; least interorbital width, 3.4; length
of nasals, 8.; length of palate, to palatal notch, 13.8, to end of pterygoid,
19.4; length of incisive foramina, 5.4; length of upper tooth row, alveoli,
6.2; length of single half of mandible, 17.2; length of lower tooth row,
alveoli, 6. mm.
1 Crassus — thick, large, fat.
40 BANGS — NEW LABRADOR RODENTS ea
Remarks.— No comparison of colors can be made between this,
the largest Phenacomys yet described, and true P. celatus. The
new form, however, differs in color but little from P. /atimanus,
which is otherwise very distinct, and the chances are that, in
color, all the yellow-faced forms are much alike.
P. celatus crassus is a very much larger animal than true P.
celatus. Young specimens from Hamilton Inlet, just emerging
from the nursing pelage, are about the size of adults of P. celatus
celatus; thus no. 3967 from Hamilton Inlet, wholly in the pelage
of a nursling and with a baby skull, measures: total length, 133.;
tail vertebre, 34.; hind foot, 20.; ear from notch, 14.5 mm.
Synaptomys (Mictomys) innuitus medioximus’* subsp. nov.
Type, from Lance au Loup, Labrador, & adult, no. 8852, coll. of E. A. and
O. Bangs, collected April 15, 1899, by Ernest Doane.
Subspecific characters.— Larger than true S. ¢zuitus; skull larger in every
way, except that it is proportionally flatter, and differing slightly otherwise.
Color and pelage— Type, April, full winter pelage: fur very long and
soft,— almost fluffy,—nearly concealing the ears, with scattering, longer,
stiffer hairs projecting beyond it, which are most numerous on rump and
flanks. Upper parts rich brown —back and head dull russet, very thickly set
with black-tipped hairs, rump and flanks shading decidedly toward hazel and
with fewer black-tipped hairs; long hairs on ears, and in front of and behind
ears, hazel; patches at base of whiskers, meeting across nose, dull hazel.
Under parts dull smoke gray; under fur slate-color; feet and hands dusky;
tail dusky above, grayish below.
No. 3972, d, youngish adult, from Hamilton Inlet, July 12, is in very short
summer pelage, with the colored portion of the hairs much worn down.
Otherwise it differs little from the type; and where enough of the colored
portion of the hair remains, the decidedly russet hazel coloring is plainly
shown.
Cranial characters.— Skull much larger than that of true S. zz#27ts, but
proportionally flatter; rostrum less deflected; visible portion of posterior end
of frontals much larger (much less encroached upon by the overlapping edges
of squamosals); edge of the maxillary portion of zygoma bounding the ante-
orbital foramen, much more convex, so that the anteorbital foramen, viewed
from the side, is more rounded and larger; incisor teeth and molar teeth
heavier, and the molar series longer.
1 Medioximus — middlemost, holding a middle place.
Sept. 20 BANGS— NEW LABRADOR RODENTS 4I
1900
Measurements— Type, &, adult, but not old: total length, 120; tail ver-
tebrz, 22; hind foot, 21. No. 3972, d, young adult, from Hamilton Inlet:
total length, 114; tail vertebra, 25; hind foot, 21 mm.
Skull, type, g adult: basal length, 24.4; occipitonasal length, 26.; zygo-
matic width, 15.6; mastoid width, 11.8; least interorbital width, 3.6; length
of nasals, 6.6; length of palate, to palatal notch, 14.2, to end of pterygoid,
18.8; length of incisive foramina, 5.; length of upper tooth row, alveoli, 7.4;
length of single half of mandible, 17.6; length of lower tooth row, alveoli,
6.8 mm.
Remarks.— As the type of P. tnnuztus medioximus is younger
than the type of true S. zvnuztus, but even so is larger, the new
form must be a considerably bigger animal. No comparison can
be made between the colors of true S. zzmuitus and S. innuitus
medioximus, the type of the former having been kept in alcohol
for a long time. S. énnuitus medioximus differs widely in color
from SS. sphagnicola, which is hardly distinguishable in this respect
from \S. cooperi or S. fatuus and very different from the russet
hazel coloring of the new form.
I am much indebted to Mr. E. A. Preble of the Biological
Survey at Washington, who with great kindness made minute
comparisons for me, with the types of S. izmuztus and S. sphagni-
cola.
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SEPTEMBER 20, 1900 VoL. II, PP. 43-44
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SQUIRREL FROM
PANAMA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
In the small collection of mammals made last March at Loma
del Leon (Lion Hill Station), Panama, by Wilmot W. Brown, Jr.,
are six squirrels of a form, belonging to the variadilis series, that
appears to have no name.
So far as one can judge by descriptions and plates, the Panama
form is most like Sccurus gerrardi Gray of ‘‘ New Granada.” It
differs from that animal in being bright rusty red below (S. ger-
rarai having white under parts), and is of different general color,
darker and less red, above, and probably is smaller with a shorter
tail. S. gerrardi was also said to have a small, long skull. The
skull of the new form does not differ much from that of true S.
variabilis from the Santa Marta region of Colombia, but, if any-
thing, it is shorter and broader, with flatter, less rounded inter-
orbital region.
The new form may be known as:
Sciurus variabilis morulus’ subsp. nov.
Tyfe, from Loma del Leon, Panama, @ adult (breeding), no. 8420, coll. of
E. A. and O. Bangs, collected March 13, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
1 Morulus — dark-colored.
44 BANGS— NEW SQUIRREL FROM PANAMA EN ee
Color and pelage— Coat short and rather stiff, with very little under fur.
Upper parts, including upper surface of legs, mixed dull yellowish ferruginous
and blackish brown, darkest along middle of back, where there is an irregular
darker dorsal stripe, which becomes blackish at base of tail; upper surface
of arms more strongly ferruginous. Most of the hairs, above, are ringed —
blackish at base, then ferruginous, and blackish again at tip, the difference in
tone of the different parts being due to the width of the ferruginous ring on
the hairs. Cheeks, lips and chin dull tawny olive; rest of under parts, includ-
ing under surface of legs and arms, clear, bright ferruginous. Tail, above,
blackish at base and at end, and bright ferruginous in the middle; below,
hairs ringed with tawny olive and blackish all along to the black tip, the red
of the middle of the upper surface showing as an outer fringe of intense fer-
ruginous. Ears dusky, nearly naked.
Cranial characters.— Skull of about the size of that of Scturus variabilis
variabilis from Santa Marta, Colombia, and essentially similar to it, differing
only in being a little wider and heavier throughout, with the interorbital region
slightly flatter, less rounded.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Total Tail Hind
No. Sex and age length vertebra foot Ear
8422 Topotype g, old ad. 490 235 55 21
8421 ce Q, old ad. 460 215 55 20
8418 z. &, old ad. 435 200 55 25
8420 Type Q, adult 450 25 56 24
8419 Topotype Q, young ad. 410 180 55 23
8423 s &, young 400 170 50 22
(Note.— Hind foot measured w7th claw; ear measured from notch.)
Skull, type, 2 adult: basal length, 46.2; occipitonasal length, 55.2; zygo-
matic width, 34.; mastoid width, 23.6; interorbital width, 17.8; width behind
postorbital processes, 20.2; length of nasals, 17.; length of palate to palatal
notch, 25.; length of upper tooth row, 9.4; length of mandible, 32.2; length
of lower tooth row, 10. mm.
Remarks.— The six examples of Sciurus variabilis morulus vary
very little in color, even the young one, no. 8423, being like the
others. None of the names given to members of the variabzlis
series seem to apply to this form, though probably Scurus gerrardi
is its nearest relation. It differs from the Panama animal in
having pure white under parts and in being not so dark above,
but has a similarly colored tail—black at base and at end, and
red in the middle.
DECEMBER I5, 1900 Voi. II, pp. 45-46
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
ILLUSTRATIONS OF HITHERTO UNFIGURED
LEPIDOPTERA.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Part D0.
Lasaia rosamonda sp. nov.
(Plate V.)
Habitat: Colombia, Bogota District. Expanse: 1.45 inches.
Front and summit of head covered with brownish gray hairs. Antenne
black with white annulations at base of joints, but scarcely perceptible. Club
black. Thorax covered with brownish gray hairs above, beneath pinkish
white, bordering to gray, and matching the wing coloring. Legs the same.
Abdomen practically the same coloring as the thorax.
The ground color of upper side of wings is a bluish slate with some lustre,
the marking being confined to a series of transverse black lines.
Costa of primary blue slate with black dusting near base. Hind margin
somewhat dentated, interspaces being white with a thread-like black border.
One sixteenth of an inch within this a black wavy line following contour of
margin, suffusing the space at very tip, extending downward to submedian
vein. An equal distance within this another wavy line exactly similar, and
again a third line. These three lines with the interspaces of the ground color
cover the outer third of the wing and form what, at a hasty glance, might be
termed a broad wing border. Within these, at a somewhat greater distance,
is a black line beginning at the subcostal vein and extending downward to
46 WEEKS — UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA PN
the second median veinlet. The space from this line to the base of the wing
is broken by two more dark lines, a little less heavy than the others, which
extend from the subcostal vein to the submedian vein.
The markings of the secondaries are identical, except that the outer line is
broken into elongated spots and the second line is less prominent than on
the primaries. The costa and upper marginal space are brownish. The inner
margin is covered with dark grayish hairs, which are quite prominent on close
investigation.
The under side presents a different coloring, the space on both wings from
hind margin to the third line being of a pinkish white with a mother-of-pearl
lustre. The lines, instead of being black, are a dark mouse brown and show
some suffusion. Within the third line the space to the base is heavily suffused
with the color of the line; thus the wings are divided into two sections, the
inner, of dark brown mouse color, and the outer, or border portion, of pinkish
white as above noted. On the fore wings the first and second lines are less
marked on the lower portion of the wing, while near the tip they are suffused,
encroaching on the pinkish white ground color to such an extent that it takes
the appearance of a transverse bar cutting across the tip.
On the under side of the secondaries the first two lines are merely a series
of spots in the interspaces, while the third line, bordering the inner suffused
half of the wing, is strongly marked.
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FEBRUARY 8, I9OI VoL. II, PP. 47-50
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
ON AN OVERLOOKED SPECIES OF 4A77THUCRUS.
BY WILLIAM BREWSTER AND OUTRAM BANGS.
WHILE at work recently in the Museum of Comparative Zoology,
getting ready for cataloguing the fine collection of birds made in
Jamaica, in the autumn and winter of 1890-1891, by W. E. D.
Scott, we were astonished to find that the large series of Azthurus
from this island contains two very different species. Our surprise
was the greater from the fact that all modern reviewers of the
Trochilidez have supposed this highly differentiated genus to be
monotypic.
The two species appear to have different and well-marked
geographic ranges. With the exception of one young male, all of
the fifty-three specimens of the old species, Azthurus polytmus,
in the Scott collection, come from the neighborhood of Kingston ;
while all of the new species, ninety-one in number, with the excep-
tion of one young male and one female, are ffom Priestman’s
River and Port Antonio in Portland Parish. It is probable, there-
fore, that the two examples of the new bird from Kingston, and
the one of A. polytmus from Priestman’s River, were stragglers.
The differences between the two species are, in brief, as
follows :—
A. polytmus has a long, broad bill, in life coral-red with a black
tip (in dried specimens, yellow with a black tip)*; the back is
1 Asa matter of convenience, we shall speak of this bird as the yellow-billed species, because
in the museum specimens with which one deals the bill is always of this color.
48 BREWSTER AND BANGS—A NEW AITHURUS [P-N-E.Z-C.
shining, coppery green; the under parts are luminous yellowish
green; the wing averages, in the adult male, 66.03 mm., in the
adult female, 57.69 mm.
The new bird has a shorter, very
slender, wholly black bill; the back is
shining, dark, grass-green, without
coppery tinge; the under parts are
luminous, dark, emerald-green; the
wing averages, in the adult male, 62.95
mm., in the adult female, 54.18 mm.
f
A.—A ithurus polytmus, NO. 37,454,
ad., Kingston, Jamaica.
B.—Aithurus scitulus, ype, dad. When adult males, young “malesvor
females, are compared, and are wholly
constant throughout the entire series of one hundred and forty-
four specimens.
All these differences show equally well
While Azthurus has quite an array of synonyms, all the names
apply to the large, yellow-billed, light green species from the south
side of the island, and the small, black-billed, dark green bird of
the northeast coast is unnamed.
The synonymy appears to be as follows:
1758. TZrochilus polytmus Linn., S. N., ed. 10, p. 120, based chiefly on the
Long-tail’d Black-cap Humming Bird of Edwards, plate 34. This is an
excellent figure of the yellow-billed species.
1758. TZrochilus forficatus Linn., S. N., ed. 10, p. 120, has been used by Heine
(J. f. Orn., Vol. II, p. 205, 1863) for the yellow-billed species. The name
was, however, chiefly based on Edwards’ plate 33, which, though wrongly
attributed to Jamaica, and inaccurate in some details, appears to have been
taken from the bird which Hartert (in Trochilide) now calls Cyanolesbia
cyanura (Steph.), and further discussion of the question does not belong
here.
1832. TZrochilus cephalatra Less., Ind. Gén. Troch., p. xvi (Ornzsmya cephala-
tra Less., Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xviii, 78, pl. 17) is a pure synonym
of 7. polytmus Linn.
1849. TZrochilus maria Gosse, Ann. & Mag. N. H., Vol. III, p. 258, from the
mountains of Manchester, Jamaica. This seems to bea slightly peculiar
young male of the yellow-billed species. The bill, described from a dried
specimen, was characterized as “ blackish brown above, buff below, tip black,”
which is the way it appears in many skins of quite young male birds of the
yellow-billed species.
1869. Aithurus fuliginosus Hill (afud Gray, Hand List, Vol. I, p. 134) is a
nomen nudum.
pty BREWSTER AND BANGS—A NEW AITHURUS 49
1894. Aithurus taylori Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, Vol. III, p. 46, based
on two males from the District of St. Andrew, just north of Kingston,
Jamaica, each of which had a large ruby-colored spot on the throat. Mr.
C. B. Taylor, who took the specimens, said he had frequently met with this
ruby-throated variety in this locality. Hartert considers this “an aberration
of the male,” and of course of the yellow-billed species. In the large series
of A. polytmus taken by Scott in the vicinity of Kingston, there is one young
male with two or three ruby-colored feathers in the throat.
Gould, in his monograph, figured and described the red-billed
species (the color of the bill being taken from accounts of the
bird in life, and of course not from dried specimens). Elliot, in
his Synopsis, appears to have known this form only, as did Salvin
(in Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., Vol. XVI); and Hartert, in Das Tier-
reich, Trochilide, 1900, makes no mention of the small black-
billed species, which apparently was unknown to him, too, even
at this late date.
Aithurus scitulus' Brewster and Bangs, sp. nov.
Type, from Priestman’s River, Portland Parish, Jamaica, ¢ adult, no. 37,405,
coll. of Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, Cambridge, Mass., collected Feb. 11,
1891, by W. E. D. Scott.
General characters.— Color pattern and form as in A. folytmus (Linn.),
except that the lengthened second rectrices are narrower; size considerably
less; bill short, very slender, and wholly black; green color of back much
darker and without a trace of coppery tinge; under parts, in the male, much
darker, less yellowish green.
Color.— Adult male: pileum and elongate occipital crest black; back,
rump, upper tail coverts, and wing coverts, shining dark grass-green (without a
trace of the coppery green of these parts in 4. folytmus); under parts lumi-
nous emerald-green (much darker, less yellowish, green than in 4. polytmus) ;
wing purplish brown, outer edge of first primary narrowly white; under tail
coverts purple-black; tail purple-black with a slight greenish tinge on middle
rectrices, above; bill short, slender, and wholly black. (The bill in the adult
male of A. po/ytmus, in dried specimens, is clear yellow with a black tip.)
Adult female: pileum dark brown with slight green tips to some of the
feathers; back, rump, upper tail coverts, and wing coverts, dark shining
grass-green (without a trace of the coppery green of these parts in 4. polytmus);
under parts and under tail coverts white, with green spots on sides of neck
and body; wing purplish brown, outer edge of first primary narrowly white;
1 Scztulus — handsome, pretty, graceful.
50 BREWSTER AND BANGS—A NEW AITHURUS [P-¥-EZC.
tail—two middle rectrices dark bluish green (coppery green in A. folytmus),
two outer rectrices deeply tipped with white, otherwise purple-black slightly
edged and tipped with green; bill, slender, short, wholly black. (The bill in
dried specimens of the adult female of 4. polytmus is yellowish brown on basal
half of upper mandible and yellow on basal half of lower mandible, these colors
shading gradually into the black tip.)
The young male differs from the adult male in lacking the elongation of the
second rectrices and in having the middle rectrices green; crown much spotted
with green; under parts mixed with grayish; shade of green throughout as
in the adult; bill as in the adult. (The bill in the young male of 4. polytmus
has a deeper black tip than in the adult, and the culmen is often brownish,
not yellow; the basal portion of the lower mandible is always yellow, but in
very young individuals it is sometimes darker and more buffy than in the
adult.)
Size.— Judged by the series of skins of the two species, made in the same
style by one collector, A. scztu/us is a smaller, more delicately built bird, witha
smaller head, than A. polytmus.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Aithurus scitulus Brewster and Bangs.
WING ExposED CULMEN
Average Smallest Largest Average Smallest Largest
20 adult males 62.95 60.5 64.0 19.20 18.6 20.2
20 adult females 54-18 53a5 56.0 19.32 18.6 20.0
20 young males 60.60 60.0 61.5 18.98 18.4 19.4
Aithurus polytmus (Linn.)
: WING ExposED CULMEN
Average Smallest Largest Average Smallest Largest
19 adult males 66.03 65.0 67.0 20.52 20.0 21.0
18 adult females 57-09 56.50 9-5 20.74 20.0 21.4
12 young males 62.50 61.0 64.0 20.48 20.0 21-2
(Note.— With the females it is not always possible to tell the
age by the skins, and the range in the above measurements is
probably greater, therefore, than it would be if this could be done
with certainty. The young males, here measured, are of various
ages, ranging from quite young individuals to those which are
beginning to take on the characters of the adult; the specimens
of A. scitudus are, however, much more nearly of an age than are
the specimens of A. polytmus.)
FEBRUARY §8, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 51-52
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
A NEW HONEY CREEPER FROM SAN MIGUEL
ISLAND, PANAMA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
WHEN I wrote the list of birds collected by W. W. Brown, Jr.,
in San Miguel Island, Archipelago de las Perlas, in the Bay of
Panama, one species— the yellow honey creeper— was not com-
pared with sufficient care with related forms, and I discovered,
much to my regret, too late to incorporate it in my paper, which
appeared in the Auk for January, rgo1, that this bird is a strongly
characterized island species. Dr. Robert Ridgway, when at work
on the genus Cwreba for his great book on American birds, com-
pared the San Miguel Island specimens carefully with C. Zuteola
and C. mexicana, and at once detected the differences. He most
kindly wrote me about the matter, and gave me a chance to
correct my mistake. Strangely enough, the affinities of the
species lie much more closely with C. /uteofa of Venezuela,
Trinidad, and northeastern Colombia, than with C. mexicana of
the neighboring coasts of Panama and western Colombia.
The Cereba of San Miguel Island, which in my paper on the
birds of that island (Auk, Jan., 1go1, p. 30) appears as Cwreba
mexicana columbiana should instead be known as
52 BANGS — A NEW HONEY CREEPER [ever
Coereba cerinoclunis’* sp. nov.
Type, from San Miguel Island, Bay of Panama, J adult, no. 4962, coll. of
E. A. and O. Bangs, collected April 29, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Specific characters.— Nearest to C. duteola; of about the size of that species
ora triflelarger; back not such an intense black, but grayer and duller; rump
patch much smaller and dull wax-yellow instead of bright gamboge-yellow ;
yellow of breast paler; gray of throat paler. From C. mexicana the new
species differs in larger size; in grayish black, instead of olivaceous gray,
back; in clear pale yellow, instead of greenish yellow, breast.
Color.— Type®: crown and sides of head black; , broad superciliary streak
white; back, wings and upper tail coverts dark grayish black; small rump
patch wax-yellow; throat cinereous; breast and middle of belly canary-yellow
(a little darker and brighter in some much worn specimens); sides and flanks
dull olivaceous; under tail coverts soiled white; tail grayish black, two outer
rectrices white-tipped on inner webs; bend of wing pale yellow; lining of
wing white; white wing spots about as in C. /s#teo/a. Female similar to the
male, but a trifle smaller.
Measurements.— Type, adult g: wing, 58.; tail, 35.; tarsus, 17.; culmen,
13.2 mm.
No. 4965, adult 9, topotype: wing, 57.; tail, 33.; tarsus, 17.2; culmen,
13. mm.
1 Cerinus — of the color of wax, and clunis — rump.
2 The type and one or two others are in unworn plumage, with clear yellow breasts; many
specimens have the plumage much abraded, and some are irregularly marked with deep orange
on the yellow of the breast. This, I am inclined to think, is an artificial stain, got no doubt from
the pollen of some flower.
FEBRUARY I5, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 53-54
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW BECARD FROM LOWER
URUGUAY.
BY WILLIAM BREWSTER AND OUTRAM BANGS.
FRom various sources the Museum of Comparative Zoology
has gradually accumulated a very fair collection of Middle and
South American birds; many of these never have been identified,
while others have been left with queries following the names
written on the labels. Together, we have assumed the pleasant
task of properly determining these specimens, and of publishing
short descriptions of those which appear to us to be new.
In a list of the birds which he took or observed in Lower
Uruguay’ Walter B. Barrows recorded three specimens of a
Pachyrhamphus, the species of which he could not determine.
Two of these skins are in the collection of the Museum — nos.
31,130 and 31,131. On the labels, in Dr. J. A. Allen’s handwrit-
ing, is “Pachyrhamphus sp. n., near polychropterus, but distinct.”
Dr. Allen, however, never described the species, which proves, on
comparison, quite distinct from, though nearest to, P. polychrop-
terus, and may be known as
Pachyrhamphus notius’ Brewster and Bangs, sp. nov.
Type, from Concepcion del Uruguay, @ adult, no. 31,130, coll. of Museum
of Comparative Zodlogy, collected Nov. 27, 1880, by Walter B. Barrows.
1 Bull. Nuttall Ornith. Club, Vol. VIII, p. 203, 1883.
2 Notius — southern.
54 BREWSTER AND BANGS—A NEW BECARD eo
Characters.— Nearest to P. polychropterus of Brazil, but larger and darker;
rump and upper tail coverts sooty blackish, the feathers only slightly edged
with dark gray; white edgings of wings much narrower; white spots (or
patches) at sides of scapulars almost absent —just indicated by a white line
or two; under parts darker, more sooty; under wing coverts and lining of
wing darker gray; bill somewhat narrower and deeper.
Color.— Type, adult ¢ (2 unknown): Pileum shining blue-black with a
slightly scaly appearance; back black, and sides of head and neck nearly so;
lower rump and upper tail coverts blackish, with dark gray edges to the
feathers; two or three of the outermost scapulars with white outer edges;
wings dark hair-brown with narrow white outer edges to the greater coverts,
only the middle coverts being broadly edged with white; outer margins of
secondaries narrowly edged with whitish, the inner margins with more or less
yellowish white, especially near the bases of the feathers; under parts dark
sooty gray, paler on belly and under tail coverts, where the feathers are also
slightly tipped and varied with light grayish or grayish white; under wing
coverts gray, slightly varied and streaked with whitish; rectrices brownish
black, tipped with white —to a depth of Io mm. on the outermost feathers,
and scarcely perceptibly on the central pair; bill (in dried specimen) bluish
black, tip of mandible and a spot in middle of culmen bluish white; foot and
tarsus blackish.
No. 31,131, @, has the appearance of being younger than the type, and
differs in having the rump and upper tail coverts more decidedly gray, with
an olivaceous tinge, and in being paler gray below, the feathers more noticeably
varied with light gray. It also has the inner web of the curious aborted second
primary (characteristic of the males of this genus) pure white, except for a
narrow space near the tip, whereas in the type this feather, like the other
primaries, is of a nearly uniform dark hair-brown.
Measurements.— Type, @ adult: wing, 83.5; tail, 65.; tarsus, 19.; exposed
culmen, 12.6 mm.
Topotype, no. 31,131, @: wing, 84.; tail, 64.; tarsus, 19.6; exposed
culmen, 13. mm.
FEBRUARY I5, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 55-56
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
A NEW MEADOWLARK FROM SOUTH AMERICA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
Tue half dozen specimens of Stursne/la taken by Mr. W. W.
Brown, Jr., at San Sebastian and El] Mamon in the Sierra Nevada
de Santa Marta, I referred’ provisionally to S. mertdionalis Scl.,
with the remark that they had not the long bills peculiar to the
Bogota birds. Since then I have awaited an opportunity for
making careful comparisons, which a recent visit to Washington
has afforded. Dr. Ridgway and I there examined critically a
large series of South and Central American Meadowlarks, and
found that there appear to be two distinct species in South
America proper. One is SS. meridionalis of the Bogota region of
Colombia (exact limits of range unknown), distinguished at once
by its immensely long bill and dark coloration. The other is a
race of the S. magna series, locally distributed throughout the
coastal region of eastern South America, from Colombia to
Venezuela and Guiana,” with normal] bill, and most nearly related
to the dark-colored form of Central America, from which it differs
chiefly in being exceedingly pale in color throughout.
1 Proc. New England Zoél. Club, Vol. I, p. 79, Dec. 27, 1899.
2 We examined but one specimen each from the coasts of Venezuela and Guiana, and with
this limited material cannot be certain that the bird from these regions is the same as the Santa
Marta one, but it has every appearance of being so.
56 BANGS — SOUTH AMERICAN MEADOWLARK [ P-N.E.Z.C.
This pale, southern, coastal race appears to need a name, and
may be known as
Sturnella magna paralios* subsp. nov.
Type, from San Sebastian, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 6600
feet altitude, # adult, no. 6954, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs, collected July 25,
1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Characters.— Size small; bill stout, but not unusually long; crescent
narrow; yellow of throat slightly extended onto lower malar region (less so
than in S. meridionalis); general coloration very pale. Can be told from S.
meridionalis by much shorter bill and paler colors, and from the very dark-
colored race of S. magna of Central America by its exceedingly pale color-
ation.
Color.2— General color above light brownish cinnamon, the feathers with
broad edging of pale buff and with dark brown centres —the latter color
showing but little except when the feathers are disturbed; the three light-
colored head stripes broad and pale buff, the central one extending broadly to
base of culmen; sides of head below postocular streak very pale —buffy ;
breast, throat, stripe above, and in front of, eye, and bend of wing pale gam-
boge-yellow; black crescent narrow; middle of belly white; sides, flanks, and
under tail coverts buff, streaked with dark brown; lining of wing grayish
white.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
No. Sex Locality Date Wing Tail Tarsus Culmen
6954 & San Sebastian July 25, 1899 Skee sgl 390.0 34:0
GOS se) at as Aug.10, 1899 108.0 — 38.0. 346
6953 & El Mamon July 11, 1899 TOSs5" 7/2. 38.2 32.6
6p52. id oH July 2, 1899 108.0 73. 39.0 33.0
6956 @ San Sebastian July 11, 1899 98.0 65. 34-5 32.0
1 Ilapadvos — that grows or occurs by the seaside.
2 The six specimens are in similar, fresh, unworn plumage, having just completed the moult.
JULY 31, 1901 VOL. II, pp. 57-60
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
NOTES ON THE AMERICAN ROUGH-WINGED
SWALLOWS, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A
NEW SUBSPECIES.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
THE rough-winged swallow of northeastern South America has
been mentioned by several ornithologists, and its characters have
been pointed out, but it seems never to have had a special
name given it. Sclater in 1860," in his list of birds collected by
Fraser ,at Esmeraldas, Ecuador, mentioned the light color of the
rump, as compared with true Stelgidopteryx rujicollis, and Sharpe
in 1885,” under the head of S. uropygialis, described the form
found in Colombia and British Guiana, but did not name it, add-
ing that some, but not all, of the examples from Ecuador were
the same.
This bird is the prettiest and most highly colored of the Amer-
ican rough-winged swallows. From 5S. rujicollis of Brazil it can
be told by its ashy rump and paler general coloration, and from
S. uropygialis of Panama by its strongly yellow belly and under
tail coverts. It is an intermediate form between the two, but
its characters are constant throughout an enormous area, and it
must therefore be recognized in nomenclature as a subspecies.
1 P. Z.S., 1860, p. 292.
2 Cat. Birds British Museum, 1885, Vol. X, p. 210.
58 BANGS — ROUGH-WINGED SWALLOWS [Vern
After studying a large amount of material I have become con-
vinced that intergradation occurs between most, if not all, of the
forms of Stel/gidopteryx, and that the relationships of the various
representative geographical races are best expressed in trinomials.
Even the light-colored rump of the two central forms appears to
be only a subspecific character. Ina series from Divala, Chiriqul,
some specimens have the rump as light as Panama birds, while
in others it is only just perceptibly lighter than the back. The
different races, each occupying a considerable area, are merely
steps from the daintily colored South American forms to the
plainly clad S. serripennis of North America. :
The forms of the American rough-winged swallow that seem
to me worthy of recognition may be arranged by the colors of the
fully adult plumage (none of the forms differ much in size or
proportions), as follows.
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis ruficollis (Vieill.).
Hirundo ruficollis Vieill., Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat., Vol. XIV, 1817, p. 523.
Type locality.— Brazil.
Geographic distribution. La Plata region, Bolivia and Brazil (exact limits
of range unknown).
Characters.— Upper parts sepia, the top of head darker, the rump not paler
than back; primaries and rectrices clove-brown; tertials, usually, except in
very worn plumage, edged with drab; throat orange buff; breast and sides
pale grayish sepia—a little paler than back; belly and under tail coverts
naples yellow, the longer under tail coverts with large subterminal clove-brown
marks across the feathers.
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis aqualis* subsp. nov.
Type, from Santa Marta, Colombia, ¢ adult, no. 5458, coll. of E. A. and
O. Bangs, collected Jan. 20, 1898, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Geographic distribution.— Eastern South America from Guiana to Santa
Marta region of Colombia, and south in the Andes through western Colombia
to Ecuador. Probably intergrading all along the southern part of its range
with S. rjficollis ruficollis.
1 4iqualis — looking alike, resembling.
July 3] BANGS — ROUGH-WINGED SWALLOWS 59
gor
Characters.— Differs from S. rujficollis ruficollis in pale ashy rump, in marked
contrast to back, and in paler breast and sides, which have a yellowish gloss.
Head and back sepia, darkest on top of head; rump pale drab-gray, almost
whitish in some examples and in marked contrast to rest of back; primaries
and rectrices clove-brown; tertials, in fresh plumage, edged with drab;
throat pale orange buff; breast and sides pale hair-brown, much lighter than
color of back, with a yellowish gloss; belly and under tail coverts naples
yellow, the under tail coverts paler than the belly; longest under tail coverts
with large subterminal clove-brown marks across the feathers.
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis uropygialis (Lawr.).
Cotyle uropygialis Lawr., Ibis, 1863, p. 181.
Type locality.— Isthmus of Panama.
Geographic distribution.— Panama, Chiriqui and Costa Rica. Probably
intergrading with S. rujicollis equalis just south of the Isthmus.
Characters.— Similar to S. rujficollis equalis, except in being darker on
breast and sides, and in having the belly and under tail coverts yellowish
white, usually but not always with a tinge of yellow in middle of belly.
Head and back sepia, head darker; rump pale drab gray, in marked con-
trast to color of back; primaries and rectrices clove-brown; tertials edged
with drab; throat rich orange buff; breast and sides hair-brown (without
yellowish gloss); belly and under tail coverts yellowish white, middle of belly
sometimes slightly more yellowish; longer under tail coverts with large sub-
terminal clove-brown marks across the feathers.
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis fulvipennis (Scl.).
Cotyle fulvipennis Scl., P. Z. S., 1859, p. 364. (Based on a young specimen.)
Stelgidopteryx fulvipennis Baird, Review Amer. Birds, 1865, p. 316.
Type locality.— Jalapa, Mexico.
Geographic distribution.— Southern Mexico and Guatemala. Intergrading
gradually with S. raficollis uropygialis in Central America.
Characters.— Differs from S. ruficollis uropygialis in paler brown back, the
head not noticeably darker and the rump scarcely paler than rest of upper
parts; in the tertials being more narrowly edged with drab; in the throat
being grayish, faintly suffused with orange buff; and in the under tail coverts
and middle of belly being pure white; the longer under tail coverts with
dusky shafts, and occasionally with dusky subterminal markings, though often
immaculate.
60 BANGS — ROUGH-WINGED SWALLOWS PES.
Upper parts nearly uniform dark hair-brown, the head just perceptibly
darker and the rump very slightly paler; primaries and rectrices pale clove-
brown; tertials narrowly edged with drab; throat pale grayish hair-brown,
faintly suffused with pale orange buff; breast and sides hair-brown — slightly
paler than back; belly and under tail coverts white; the longer under tail
coverts with dusky shafts and usually, but not always, with small dusky sub-
terminal markings across the feathers.
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis serripennis (Aud.)
Hirundo serripennis Aud., Orn. Biog., Vol. IV, 1838, p. 593-
Type locality.— South Carolina.
Geographic distribution.— Northern Mexico and North America. Inter-
grading with S. rujicollis fulvipennis at the southern part of its range.
Characters.— Differing from S. rujicollis fulvipennis in having the upper
parts paler brown, the tertials less noticeably edged with drab, and the throat
clear grayish brown without trace of orange buff.
Upper parts pale hair-brown, the head hardly darker, the rump just per-
ceptibly lighter; primaries and rectrices pale clove-brown; tertials not edged
with drab, though the edges are slightly paler than the rest of the feather;
throat clear, pale, grayish hair-brown; breast and sides pale hair-brown, but
slightly paler than back; belly and under tail coverts white; the longer under
tail coverts sometimes with dusky shafts, and rarely with slight dusky subter-
minal spots.
This form is wonderfully constant in color throughout its
range. I can detect no difference between birds from the south-
eastern States and those from Washington and British Columbia.
” &,
‘
—
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JULY 31, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 61-62
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
A NEW ORTALIS FROM THE ARCHIPELAGO DE LAS
PERLAS, BAY OF PANAMA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
WHEN I published a list of the birds collected by Mr. W. W.
Brown, Jr., in San Miguel Island (the largest of the islands that
form the Archipelago de las Perlas) in the Bay of Panama,’ I
referred the two skins of Ortadis obtained by him, one in San
Miguel, the other in Pedro Gonsales Island, to Ortadlis cinereiceps
(Gray), which they greatly resemble in color and general appear-
ance. Since then I have had occasion to compare these speci-
mens more carefully with better material from the mainland than
I then had, and am astonished to find marked structural differ-
ences, as well as slight differences in color, that I had previously
overlooked; the principal one is the exceedingly small foot and
tarsus of the island bird.
The Ortalis of the Archipelago de las Perlas may, therefore, be
known as
Ortalis struthopus’ sp. nov.
Type, from San Miguel Island, Bay of Panama, ¢ adult, no. 4883, coll. of
E. A. and O. Bangs, collected April 29, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
Characters.— Similar to Ortalis cinereiceps, of Panama, in color pattern and
color, but paler below, the olivaceous drab-gray of belly extending farther for-
1 Auk, Vol. XVIII, Jan., 1901, p. 25.
2 ¢Tpovddmous — sparrow-footed, having small feet.
62 BANGS —A NEW ORTALIS
P.N.E.Z.C.
Vol. II
ward, leaving the olive collar across neck and breast narrower; size rather
smaller; bill slightly smaller and more slender; foot and tarsus very much
smaller and weaker, all the toes much shorter; tail shorter and composed of
much narrower feathers.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Ortalis struthopus Bangs.
Nn
R 3
a 8 iS} = 4
Oa <
4883 @ ad. San MiguelIsd. Apr.29, 210 222
1900
4882 @ ad. PedroGonsales May8, 200 211
Isd. 1900
Ortalis cinereiceps (Gray).
Z
2
ade pure xag
Ayyeo0'T
eq
Bul MA
Pe
7647. @ ad. Divala, Chiriqui Dec.14, 212 237
1900
7064 GY ad. Lomadel Leon, Mar.21, 202 —1
Panama 1900
1 Most of the tail in this specimen was shot out.
=
as 4
genies
es
39 58.0
37. 50-5
iS
z=
ae FP
Bee
eon
tal
46 63
ees | 59
MED YI
90} 2[PPHN
OV
cS
mn
55:5
MPD YIM
90} 2[PPlIN,
a wn
as Ni
uawyno
pesodxy
Ny
7.0
23:5
JULY 31, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 63-65
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
A NEW PHAETHORNIS FROM THE SANTA MARTA
REGION OF COLOMBIA.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
In the latest review of the Trochilida’* Ernst Hartert recog-
nizes two forms of Phaéthornis longirostris — true P. longirostris,
ranging from Guatemala to northern Colombia, and P. mexicanus
of southern Mexico—and regards them as distinct species. He
places P. cassinii Lawr. and P. panamensis Boucard in the list of
synonyms of P. /ongirostris. I have just studied with great care
a large suite of specimens of these hummingbirds and P. sufer-
ciliosus of South America, which includes the type of P. cassinii ;
a small series of P. mexicanus, collected by Messrs. Nelson and
Goldman; topotypes of true 2. /ongirostris from Guatemala;
specimens of the so-called P. panamensis from Loma del Leon,
Panama, and Divala, Chiriqui; a large series of skins from the
Santa Marta region, and examples of various of the representative
forms, whether species or subspecies, of P. superciliosus. My
conclusions are much the same as those of Mr. Hartert, except
that the Santa Marta form, probably unknown to him, must be
recognized, and that I do not regard P. mexicanus as a distinct
species; it is an extremely well-marked form, but it appears to
intergrade directly with true P. /ongtrostris.
P. cassinti from Turbo is not distinguishable from examples
from Loma del Leon, Panama, which in their turn are hardly
different from true P. Jongirostris of Guatemala. The Panama
1 Das Tierreich, Trochilidz, Ernst Hartert, Berlin, 1g00.
64 BANGS — A NEW PHAETHORNIS (ee
specimens, perhaps, average slightly grayer below, and their bills
are slightly weaker and straighter, but the differences are so
small that it is not worth while to recognize the form by name.
Two skins collected by Mr. W. W. Brown, Jr., at Divala, Chiriqui,
however, are decidedly darker below than any other Central
American specimens I have seen, and if other specimens from
the same region bear out the characters of these two, the form
must be named as a local race. This would be a case parallel to
that of Agyrtria amabilis and A. decora; A. amabilis ranges from
Costa Rica through Panama and Colombia to Ecuador, while the
very different 4. decora is confined to a small area in Chiriqui—
the same one from which these dark-colored examples of Phaé-
thornis come.
Phaéthornis longirostris (as a species) greatly resembles P. super-
ciliosus (aS a Species), almost the only way of telling them apart
being that the former has the gular stripe broader and more con-
spicuous, and the latter has a greener back and rump. The
different representative forms of each vary much in size and in
the length of the bill; and some of the races of the one approach
very nearly to some of the races of the other, and it is doubtful
if intergradation does not actually take place between some of
them. At all events, the interrelationships of the numerous
representative forms, into which these two species divide in the
immense area occupied by them in tropical America, are very
intricate and interesting.
While collecting in the Santa Marta region of Colombia, Mr.
W. W. Brown, Jr., took a fine series of a race of Phaéthornis
Jongirostris that I now describe as new. The bird is rather
common in the mountains at an altitude of from 3000 to 8000
feet. Mr. Brown took adults at all seasons of the year and one
young, February 9, 1899, at La Concepcion, 3000 feet, and one,
March 17, 1899, at Chirua, 7000 feet.
Phaéthornis longirostris susurrus’ subsp. nov.
Type, from Chirua, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 7000 feet
altitude, ¢ adult, no. 6806, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs, collected March 17,
1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
1 Susurrus — humming, buzzing.
July 31] BANGS — A NEW PHAETHORNIS 65
gor
Characters.— Differs from true P. dongirostris in being larger, wing longer,
bill longer; gular stripe wider, strong buff-yellow instead of pale buff or buffy
white, malar stripe also buff-yellow, the dusky areas between these stripes
very much less marked, the whole throat being strongly buff-yellow; shorter
rectrices more deeply tipped with buff.
Color.— Yop of head dusky, a few of the feathers with green tips; cervix
finely mixed green and buffy; interscapulum mostly shining green; lower
back, rump and upper tail coverts ochraceous-buff, the feathers barred and
marked with green; wings purplish brown, the wing coverts dark green;
tail,—the two long central rectrices dark metallic green at base, then black,
and with long white tips, the other rectrices green basally, then black and
widely tipped with deep buff; auriculars black; superciliary, malar and gular
stripes buff-yellow; a slightly more dusky area separating gular and malar
stripes; breast and belly buff, the feathers dusky basally, this color usually
showing through somewhat; under tail coverts buff, with indistinct central
dusky markings.
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters).
Exposed
No. Sex and age Locality Wing Tail culmen
6806 ¢@ ad.,type Chirua (7000 ft.) 66.0 74.0 42.0
6805 & ad. «6 cones se 66.0 75.0 42.0
6804 } ad. “ crs 65.0 72.0 43-0
6801 & ad. Pueblo Viejo (8000 ft.) 65.0 migtg 42.5
6802 & ad. San Francisco (6000 ft.) 66.0 75.0 41.5
6789 Oead- La Concepcion (3000 ft.) 65.0 74.5 42.0
6791 é ad. U. x ae 65.0 72.0 42.5
6797 & ad. co oe 65.0 72.0 43-0
6795 @ ad. © oe Gow 64.5 71.0 41.5
6796 é ad. m ss a 66.5 75.5 42.0
For comparison with these I give the following measurements of a few
skins of true P. /ongirostris (Lesson and Delattre).
Exposed
No. Sex and age Locality Wing Tail culmen
50,2601 Guatemala City 63.0 68. 40.0
149,312+ Guatemala 63.5 67. 40.5
7158 é ad: Loma del Leon, Panama 63.5 69.
7159 @ ad. ee eee ee: 62.0 68. 40.0
7160 & ad. ee ee 62.0 64.” 39-5
I am much indebted to the authorities of the United States
National Museum, for lending me specimens for comparison, and
to Mr. E. W. Nelson of the U. S. Biological Survey, for the use of
the series of P. mexicanus collected by himself and Mr. Goldman.
1 Coll. of U. S. National Museum.
2 Tail somewhat worn off at tip.
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JULY 31, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 67-69
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
ON AN APPARENTLY UNNAMED RACE OF
BUTEO BOREALIS.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
Very little is known of the red-tailed hawk in Florida, and
although it appears in many of the lists of birds of the State,
specimens are not to be found in most collections. It is, how-
ever, probable that the common Eastern form (Luteo borealis
borealis) occasionally reaches Florida in winter, but the one
breeding bird that I have seen from South Florida belongs to a
quite different race. This specimen was taken by O. Tollin at
Myakka, Manatee Co., in April, 1888. A comparison of this
skin with a description published by Mr. Frank M. Chapman?
of a red-tailed hawk collected by himself in Cuba, where, Mr.
Chapman says, the bird is not uncommon, leaves little doubt that
the red-tailed hawks of South Florida and of Cuba are the same.
Perhaps the real home of this bird is Cuba, and its occurrence
in South Florida is hardly more than casual, as is the case with
some other Cuban birds,— for example, the Cuban sparrow hawk
and the Cuban martin.
A red-tailed hawk also occurs in Jamaica, and may or may not
be the same; and in this connection there is to be considered
one of the extremely troublesome old names, 4alco jamaicensis
1 Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. of Nat. Hist., Vol. IV, p. 249, 1892. Description of a specimen
doubtfully referred to Buteo borealis calurus.
68 BANGS — FLORIDA RED-TAILED HAWK bese
Gmelin,’ which is wholly based on the ‘Cream Coloured Buz-
zard”’ of Latham.” Latham describes a young hawk, that may
have been a red-tailed hawk, and the specimen is said to have
come from Jamaica. His description, however, would fit almost
any other young hawk of about the same size quite as well, and
the name ‘‘Cream Coloured Buzzard”’ hardly expresses the gen-
eral coloration of the young of any of the races of Luteo borealis
that I am acquainted with.
I should not give the bird I now describe a name if in my
opinion it were advisable to use Gmelin’s name for the red-tailed
hawk of Jamaica, because, although the latter bird may prove to
be a distinct island form, there is still a fair chance that the red-
tailed hawks of South Florida, Cuba and Jamaica are all the same.
I believe it a very bad plan, in selecting names for the finely
drawn subspecies of today, to resurrect, wholly on geographic
grounds, long-forgotten names that evidently were based on birds
not in characteristic plumage. ‘The writings of the earlier orni-
thologists teem with instances where they were wholly misled as
to the origin of their specimens, and I cannot bear to see one of
their obscure names dug up and attached to some new race of
bird, unless there is something or other that is characteristic of
the form to which it is applied, either in the diagnosis or descrip-
tion, or in measurements. I, therefore, shall call the red-tailed
hawk of South Florida, and undoubtedly of Cuba also,
Buteo borealis umbrinus subsp. noy.
Type, from Myakka, Manatee Co., Florida, 2 adult, no. 3314, coll. of E. A.
and O. Bangs, collected in April, 1888, by O. Tollin.
Characters.— Size and proportions as in Bteo borealis borealis ; color, above,
darker; throat and middle of belly marked with broad, conspicuous striping
and banding of deep chocolate-brown; tail-feathers with dark brown markings
(the remains of bands) near the shafts. From ZB. dorealis calurus the new
form differs in being less suffused with reddish below, and in different general
tone of coloration.
1 Gmelin, S. N., p. 266, 1789.
2 Latham, Synopsis, I, 1, p. 49, No. 30.
3 1 have compared this specimen with a very large number of specimens both of B. borealis
borealis and of B. borealis calurus,and I cannot find one of either that approaches it. The
differences are very evident on comparison, though hard to express in words.
is] BANGS — FLORIDA RED-TAILED HAWK 69
gor
Color.— Whole upper parts dark, rich sepia, the white bases of the feathers
of occiput showing through, the wing feathers and scapulars somewhat banded
and marked with whitish and rusty white, the feathers of hind neck slightly
edged with dull rusty, and the shorter upper tail coverts tipped and banded
with rusty; longer upper tail coverts white, somewhat banded and marked
with rusty and dark brown; tail, above, rufous, with a broad blackish brown
subterminal band, each feather marked along the shaft with blackish brown
markings, which are larger with more the appearance of bands near the base,
and smaller toward the tip of the feathers; the tail, below, dull grayish white,
the color of the upper surface showing slightly through the feathers; throat
white, each feather broadly tipped with chocolate; a broad chocolate malar
stripe; sides of neck and sides of breast dark rusty brown; middle of breast
white, the feathers slightly marked with pale rusty and with brownish shafts;
belly chocolate, each feather somewhat barred and marked with white, the
long feathers covering the thighs wholly white; thighs white, narrowly banded
with pale rusty; under tail coverts white.
Measurements.—Type, adult 2: wing, 421; tail, 225; tarsus,95; culmen,
41 mm.
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OcTOBER 18, 1901 VoL. II, pp. 71-74
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW BUTTERFLIES.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Lasaia kennethi sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, two hundred miles north from Cochabamba.
Expanse: 1.25 inches.
Front and summit of head covered with steel-blue-colored hairs. Palpi
gray. Eyes brown. Antennae nearly black, with white annulations at the
base of each joint. Club nearly black, slightly tipped with fulvous. Thorax,
above, presents the same color as wings, steel blue, with a suggestion of
greenish; beneath, gray. Legs gray, somewhat darker on upperside. Abdo-
men, same as thorax.
Upper surface of wings steel blue with considerable lustre and a suggestion
of greenish. The blackish markings are much less in evidence than on most
species of this genus, being confined almost entirely to the tips of the fore wings
and borders.
Upper surface of fore wings: costa, of ground color; hind margin dentated,
and with a black linear border, the border in interspaces edged with white ;
inner margin without any border. Just within edge of hind margin is a row
of interspacial black lines, extending from tip downward, and disappearing as
they approach angle. At the tip they are somewhat suffused. Within this
row,at' the tip, is a black dash running from costa across to the fifth subcostal
nervule; giving the tip a generally black appearance. The discoidal space is
crossed by a black line in centre of wing, and between this and border the
interspaces have a mere suggestion of a black line.
HE WEEKS — THREE NEW BUTTERFLIES x Ee
Upper surface of hind wings bears no markings, the borders being the same
as on fore wings. Inner margin bears a quantity of blackish gray hairs.
Under surface strongly resembles that of Zasata rosamonda Weeks. The
tip of fore wing is dark mouse color. The border of hind margin is the same
as the upper surface, and the interspacial black lines just within the border
are repeated. The inner half of the wing is dark mouse color; the discoidal
space has three black lines, the outer one extending downward to inner margin.
The rest of the wing is Quaker gray, very slightly pinkish, forming a band
extending from anal angle upward and thence across to costa.
Under surface of hind wings is much the same, except that the upper angle
has no dark markings, and the Quaker gray band—it may be called the
ground color—shows strongly through the lighter mouse color of inner half
of wing.
Described from ten specimens in my collection, taken five days
travel north from Cochabamba, in September, 1899, by my col-
lector, Mr. William J. Gerhard.
Heliconius spadicarius sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Coroico. Expanse: 3.50 inches.
Head black, with four light yellow spots at “collar”; also a yellow speck
above each eye. Palpi black above, light yellow beneath. Thorax, above,
black, with a light yellowish white spot at base of each wing, and between
these, close to “collar,” two more; these are grayish in some specimens.
Centre of thorax, above, tending to dark grayish, near end a semicircle
of light yellowish. Thorax, below, black, with a light yellow dash running
from shoulder to lower end. Abdomen black above, light yellow below; a
light yellow thread runs from thorax joint to tip just above the yellow under
side. Fore legs, above, black; below, light yellow; other legs black. An-
tennae black, turning to light tawny half-way to club.
The basal portion of upper side of fore wings, from a line drawn from centre
of costa to lower angle, is dark tawny. Costa black. Through centre of dis-
coidal space, starting at base, is a black dash, broadening out to a well-defined
spot at longitudinal centre of the space. The black of the costa suffuses
downward at end of the discoidal space, forming a band one quarter inch
wide, running to lower edge of the discoidal space. Outside of this is a series
of yellow, elongated spots, the first at the costa, the fourth extending out
nearly to hind margin and having a black spot or dash at its inner end, bor-
dering discoidal space. In interspace below this spot is another, of anvil
shape, bordered on its inner and outer edge by black dashes. These black
October 18
IgOI
WEEKS — THREE NEW BUTTERFLIES eS
dashes are prominent black spots in some specimens. The apical space out-
side this series of yellow marks, and covering one third of the wing, is black,
with three transverse, light yellow marks, the upper one being a small subcostal
dash, the lower two being prominent, interspacial, elongated spots. Outside
of these, some specimens show signs of interspacial white spots just within
the hind margin. The submedian nervure is distinctly black, suffusing con-
siderably, in some specimens, upon the surrounding ground color (dark tawny),
and broadening into a large spot at anal angle. The hind margin is, as above
described, black, with a white thread showing at interspaces.
Upper side of hind wings dark tawny. Costal space and hind margin bor-
dered with black, one quarter inch deep. Running from upper angle trans-
versely across to centre of inner margin, is a series of interspacial black dashes,
forming a prominent black band across the centre of the wing. At upper
angle there is a prominent light yellowish spot. Hind margin edged with an
interspacial white thread.
Under side of fore wings the same as upper surface, except that the light
yellow markings are more pronounced and suffused and the black showing
within them and at their edges is, consequently, more prominent. The black
of apical area is dark tawny brown in some specimens. The three subapical
white spots are much larger. The inner marginal area tends to blackish gray.
The under side of lower wings has the same markings as above, with a few
variations. The subcostal area is black. In the place of one apical white
spot, there are two, interspacial. Under the costal nervure, is an anvil-shaped,
light yellow spot. Below this the ground color is dark tawny brown, the
transverse band of interspacial black dashes being well defined. The hind
margin is edged with a white thread, and within this each interspace contains
two white dashes, near the margin.
The ground color of the under side is variable (dark tawny to blackish), and
the suffusion more or less pronounced. The general markings, however, main-
tain their proper limits, although the suffusions may alter the general appear-
ance of the wing.
Described from specimens taken in May, 1899, in Bolivia, and
also from specimens taken in the Bogota district of Columbia.
Pamphila errator. sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Coroico district. Expanse 1.00 inch.
~ Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, bronzy brown above} grayish brown
below.
Upper side of both wings bronzy brown with some lustre. Hind margin
slightly fringed with hairs of a lighter shade. There are no markings except
74 WEEKS — THREE NEW BUTTERFLIES : eae
on fore wings, where there is a line of almost imperceptible, interspacial,
whitish spots, running from subcostal interspaces down to inner margin, start-
ing at costal interspace about one third distance from apex to base, those at
centre of wing being nearer the hind margin than the others.
Under side of fore wings grayish brown, tending to blackish toward base
and inner marginal area. Hind margin has a blackish thread within the fringe.
The lightish spots of upper surface are black, with whitish suffusion outwards.
This row of spots is the prominent feature of the under surface.
Under side of hind wings grayish brown, tending to blackish toward inner
margin, but of tending to blackish at basal area, as is the case in fore wings.
The black spots of fore wing continue across the secondaries, following the
contour of the hind margin. The spot beyond the end of discoidal space,
however, is double the size of the others.
Taken near Coroico, April 20, 1899.
NOVEMBER 2, IQOI Vou. Il, 2p. 75-77
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
GENERA AND FAMILIES OF THE CHIMA€ROIDS.
BY SAMUEL GARMAN,
THIS note is an abstract from the Bulletin of the Museum of
Comparative Zoology, preliminary to the more extended discussion
now in press, with illustrations of the form, anatomy and kindred,
of a specimen purchased, March, 1900, in Japan by Dr. Alex.
Agassiz from a dealer who pronounced it specifically identical
with Harriotta pacifica Mits., having, as understood, had an identi-
fication by Professor Mitsukuri or a comparison with the type.
On its arrival it was recognized at once to be a representative of
a new genus and not to belong to Harritta. Whether it was of
the mentioned species could not have been determined from the
original description and figure. Externally the individual here
serving as the type of the new genus Rhinochimera bears some
resemblance to the types of Harriotta raleighana G. B., but on
closer examination it is seen to possess radical differences in
structure. The teeth of RAinochimera are of a much less differ-
entiated form than those of any other of the recent genera of the
group; that is their later stages are more like the earlier, and
presumably more like the teeth of primitive chimzroids; they
approach those of the extinct myriacanths and the very early
conditions of the teeth of other living chimeroids, Chimera, Cal-
P.N.E.Z.C.
76 GARMAN — CHIMZROIDS Vol. 11
lorhynchus and Hfarriotta. In advanced stages the teeth of
Hlarriotta differ from those of RAznochimera in possessing several
series of tritors which in superficial aspect resemble, in shapes
and arrangement, crowns of certain placodont teeth. On the
teeth of RAimochimera there are no tritors; the teeth of the very
young of the other living genera are similar; this no doubt is a
mutual] resemblance to those of a common ancestor, an index to
derivation. Not to mention further particulars, the forms of body
being much alike, the new genus, established upon Harriotta
pacyjica Mits., may be distinguished from Havriotta thus:
Teeth without tritors, like the horny covers on jaws of reptiles and birds.
Rhinochimera.
Teeth with several series of tritors, like groups of placodont molars.
FHlarriotta.
On both of them the rostrum is very long and pointed; it is the
more depressed, broadened and weak on Harriofta; it is the more
compressed and strong on RAinochimera. Their family characters
are such as not to permit of separating them from one another. Yet
they differ so from the other genera as to make it necessary to estab-
lish, under the name of Rhinochimeride, a distinct family for their
inclusion. The shape of the body is much the same in all the living
members of the group; for this reason the tendency is to throw
them together, though the great differences between Chimera and
Callorhynchus have not passed unnoticed. ‘These differences are
really too great to admit of retention in a single family ; they neces-
sitate separation into two, which increases the number of families
of recent chimzroids to three. Without extending this article fur-
ther than is needed to indicate the conclusions, and not to antici-
pate more of general studies than of those of the genera, a sufficient
array of the distinguishing characters may be indicated as below:
Proboscis absent ;
Lateral canal system sulcate ;
Notochord with ringlike segments ;
Hemispheres fused with olfactory and distant from optic lobes.
Chimeride.
eed GARMAN — CHIMROIDS
IgOl
ba i
=
Proboscis short, ending in a leaflike appendage ;
Lateral canal system tubular ;
Notochord without rings ;
Hemispheres far from olfactory and nearer optic lobes.
Callorhynchide ,
Proboscis long, pointed ;
Lateral canal system subtubular ;
Notochord with rings ;
Hemispheres distant from both olfactory and optic lobes.
Rhinochimeride.
The frontal holder is present on the males of Havriotta and of
Rhinochimera, as on those of Chimera and of Callorhynchus, the
published statements to the contrary notwithstanding ; and it may
be added that this holder is only acquired by the young male some-
what late in his existence, about the time he becomes sexually
mature and the ventral claspers have approached functional ma-
turity, the advent of the holder coinciding nearly with the begin-
ning of its period of utility.
Museum of Comparative Zodlogy,
Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A.
Oct. sitq) LOOT
NOVEMBER 9, 190t Vou. II, pp. 79-83
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW BUTTERFLIES OF THE
GENERA PAMPHILA, EPINEPHELE AND
GORGYVTHION.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Pamphila coroicana sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Coroico. Expanse: 1.00 inch,
Upper side of head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen, black, with very dark
bronzy brown hairs; beneath, lighter, with a slight greenish tinge. Antennae
and club nearly black above, with slight whitish annulations at base of each
joint; below, lighter, base of clubs tawny. Legs lightish brown, with a slight
greenish tinge.
Upper side of both wings very dark bronzy brown, showing blackish toward
base in some lights. The slight fringe of hind margins is a shade lighter than
ground color.
Under side of fore wings reddish brown, except lower half, which is nearly
black from a line drawn from base along median nervure to end of discoidal
space, thence to a point on hind margin one third distance from lower angle
to apex. From a point on costa one third distance from apex to base, and
extending downward to submedian nervure, is a line of interspacial light brown-
ish spots, bending outward toward hind margin opposite discoidal space.
Under side of hind wings reddish brown. One eighth inch within hind mar-
gin, extending from costa to submedian nervure, and following the contour of
hind margin, is a line of interspacial light brownish spots, somewhat larger
than those on fore wing, but less bright. Inner margin tends to blackish.
P.N.E.Z.C.
80 WEEKS — NEW BUTTERFLIES Vol. II
Described from six specimens taken in May, 1899. In some
specimens the light spots of under side are scarcely visible.
Pamphila vesana sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Yacanachi district. Expanse: 1.13 inches.
Upper side of head, palpi, legs, antennae, thorax, and abdomen, light bronzy
brown; beneath, a shade lighter.
Upper side of fore wings, light bronzy brown. Hairy fringe of hind margin
the same, with darkish line within it. In the subcostal interspaces above the
end of discoidal space are three whitish dots, barely perceptible. From end of
median nervure a blackish streak runs downward to a point on submedian
nervure about one third its distance from base to hind margin. In interspace
between the upper end of median nervure and hind margin, midway, is a white
dot.
Upper side of hind wings light bronzy brown. Subcostal area, toward
base, slightly darker. Hairy fringe of hind margin, of ground color, with a
slight line of black on margin.
Under side of fore wings light bronzy brown, a shade lighter than upper sur-
face. The whitish spots of upper surface are repeated, but another and larger
one is situated at the centre of wing, just above the lower median nervule.
In interspace below this is a dash of lightish scales. The basal area below
median nervure is blackish.
Under side of hind wings light bronzy brown, as on under side of fore
wings. In the centre of discoidal space is a very slight whitish spot, and,
between this and hind margin, an almost imperceptible line of interspacial whit-
ish spots, extending from centre of costa to lower median nervule, following
contour of hind margin. Inner marginal space more grayish brown than
ground color.
Taken near Yacanachi, January 20, 1898. Others were taken
near Chulumani in November.
Pamphila viridenex sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, five days north from Cochabamba. — Ex-
panse: 1.00 inch.
Nov.
ec WEEKS — NEW BUTTERFLIES 8x
Head, thorax, palpi, and abdomen, bronzy brown above; greenish brown
beneath. Antennae black above, with white annulations at base of each joint;
lighter beneath. Club black above; beneath, fulvous with dark tip. Legs
greenish brown, tending to fulvous.
Upper side of fore wings bronzy brown. Hind margin has a fringe of tawny
hairs. A dark line extends from end of discoidal space downward, ending at
central point of submedian nervure. Midway between the upper end of this
line and hind margin is a very indistinct lightish spot. The costa is lighter
than ground color from its base upward to its centre, and the basal area is
dusted with these lighter-colored scales.
Hind wings entirely bronzy brown, excepting the tawnyish fringe of hairs at
hind margin and the dusting of lighter scales at basal area.
Under side of fore wings is greenish brown, excepting the lower area as bor-
dered by median nervure and thence by a line drawn from its end to lower
angle. This area is velvety black, shading to grayish toward inner margin.
The hind margin, also, has a border of tawny hairs. There is a suggestion of
a line of interspacial white spots in the four lower interspaces, beginning at
end of discoidal space, and extending downward toward centre of submedian
nervure.
Under side of hind wings greenish brown. Hind margin bordered as above,
with a fringe of tawny hairs. Near end of discoidal space is a slight white
dot, and midway between this and hind margin is an interspacial line of white
extending from near apex down to centre of submedian nervure, following
closely the contour of the hind margin. The inner marginal space is dusted
with black scales.
Taken about two hundred miles north from Cochabamba, Au-
gust 25, 1899.
Epinephele imbrialis sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Alezuni district. Expanse: 1.30 inches.
Head, thorax and abdomen, above, bronzy brown; beneath, gray. Anten-
nae dark, with white annulations at base of each joint. Club, above, dark;
beneath, fulvous, with dark tip.
Fore wings bronzy brown. Hind margin slightly fringed with hair, edged
with two fine dark threads very close together. From apex a dark brown
jagged line runs downward to submedian nervure, then turns upward, just
touching discoidal space, and meeting the costa at a point just beyond its
centre, forming a triangular figure with its base resting on the costa. In the
P.N.E.Z.C.
82 WEEKS — NEW BUTTERFLIES Vol. II e
centre of this, in apical area, is a double ocellus, its centre being black, with
two silvery dots, all surrounded by a line of light brown.
Hind wings bronzy brown. Hind margin has a slight hairy fringe. One
sixteenth inch from margin a dark line runs from apex to anal angle, parallel
with the margin. In some specimens the space between this line and the
margin is lighter colored than the ground color. In other specimens the color
is the same. In anal angle area, above the lower submedian nervule, is a
small ocellus, having a black centre with a white dot and a light brown border.
Inner marginal space light brown.
Under side of fore wings brown, much lighter than upper surface. The
dark line forming the triangle on upper surface is repeated. The double ocel-
lus is larger, and its border is yellowish white. The fringe of hairs at hind
margin shows lighter than ground color. Apical areais dusted with gray scales.
The under side of hind wings is divided between brown and gray, brown
being the ground color. A space one eighth inch wide on hind margin, run-
ning from apex to anal angle, and thence upward to base of wing, is gray,
generously dusted with brown scales. A straight gray band of nearly equal
width runs from costa downward, grazing discoidal space, and ending at anal
angle. The inner edge of this band has a line of dark brown. The basal area
is heavily dusted with gray scales. The intervening spaces are brown, match-
ing fore wings. In some specimens the gray band suffuses into the grayish
portion of hind margin, making the outer half of the wing gray, with a line of
large, interspacial, brown dashes along its centre. The basal area is also bor-
dered by a dark line, within which the basal dusting of gray scales is confined.
Taken in August, 1899. Described from four specimens in my
collection.
Gorgythion difficilis sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Cochabamba. Expanse: 1.40 inches.
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs, very dark slate color with some lustre;
beneath, light gray. Antennae black, lighter below.
Fore wings very dark slate color with some lustre, marked with velvety black
and brownish.
Costa velvety black. Above centre of discoidal space, a band of ground
color, and another similar band above end of discoidal space. Then velvety
black for one eighth inch, z4zs black portion branching downward and crossing
apical area, as a line or dash, toward hind margin. There is a white dot on
costa near apex.
Nov. 9 J
on WEEKS — NEW BUTTERFLIES 83
Hind margin bordered by brownish, the brown area being narrow at apex
and broadening out to nearly a quarter inch deep at lower angle. This area is
marked with velvety black: a dash on inner portion at apex; below this, in
centre of margin, a larger velvety black mark, practically obliterating the brown;
and below this, at lower angle, another patch of velvety black, pointing upward.
The basal portion of discoidal space is crossed by a suffusing line of velvety
black, with another similar line near end of space, and one thirty-second of an
inch beyond this, a clear wavy black line, practically bordering the end of dis-
coidal space. In the central portion of wing, just below the end of discoidal
space, is a white spot. Below this, running down to inner margin, is a velvety
black dash suffusing outward; and within this, one sixteenth inch nearer base
of wing, is a similar dash, but suffusing toward base.
Hind wings, very dark slate color. Hind margin with a narrow border of
velvety black, deeper at apex and anal angle, its inner edge being irregular.
Running from costa, from a point one third the distance from apex to base, is
an irregular black line (practically interspacial spots) extending downward to,
and somewhat below, end of discoidal space. Midway between this and base
there is another similar line. Basal area close to joint is velvety black.
Under side of fore wings dead brownish black with markings of yellowish.
Costa dusted with yellowish scales upward. Above end of discoidal space, a
yellowish dash, and a second similar one midway to apex. Apex, discoidal
space, and upper portion of wing (excepting markings above noted), of ground
color. The third of the wing at lower angle is yellowish, except that there is
a dark line at hind margin and a jagged dash of blackish running upward for
one eighth inch from lower angle. The white spot at centre of wing on upper
surface is repeated.
Lower side of hind wing, yellowish, with dead brownish black markings.
Costal interspace dead brownish biack. Apical area the same. Hind margin
with a blackish border and a row of suffusing spots just within it. Near base,
under subcostal nervule, a blackish spot, repeated one eighth inch outward;
below the latter, another, crossing discoidal space. Outside of this, midway to
hind margin, is a series of interspacial blackish spots, five in number, starting
at subcostal nervule and extending downward to first submedian nervule. At
anal angle is a spot or dash of tawny yellow, practically of ground color, but
lighter in appearance. Inner margin tends to yellowish gray.
Described from one specimen taken in September, 1899. From
the nature of the markings and their apparent tendency to suffu-
sion, other specimens of the same species should show considera-
ble variation from this type. In describing such a specimen, or
even series of specimens, a plate is indispensable.
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NOVEMBER 22, I9OI VoL. II, pp. 85-90
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVEN NEW BUTTERFLIES FROM
BOLIVIA.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Pamphila alleni sp. nov.
Habitat: La Paz, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.05 inches.
Head and palpi, above, dark bronze; beneath, dark grayish. Antennae and
club, above, dark bronze with white (indistinct) annulations at base of each
joint; beneath, lighter, club being light tawny.
Entire upper surface of both wings is dark bronze with a little lustre, dusted
somewhat in all parts with scattering golden scales.
Under side of fore wing dark brown, the discoidal and apical areas being
dusted with yellowish scales. The interspace above submedian nervure has a
prominent space of light yellowish gray, about one eighth inch long, midway
between base and hind margin. ‘This is very slightly duplicated in the inter-
space above.
Under side of hind wing dark brown, quite generously dusted with golden
scales throughout. There is a mere suggestion of a dark line running from
apex across to inner margin to a point just above anal angle. Within this,
midway to base, are two dark lines, close together, extending from costa
across discoidal space. All of these lines, while breaking the regularity of the
general ground color, are so indistinct that it is hard to determine their exact
limits.
Described from twelve specimens taken April 5, 1899. It is
evidently closely allied to P. morsa Stdgr.
P.N.E.Z.C.
86 WEEKS — BOLIVIAN BUTTERFLIES Vol. II
Pamphila idee sp. nov.
Habitat: La Paz, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.15 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, dark bronzy brown; somewhat
lighter beneath. Antennae the same, with white annulations at base of each
joint, the one at base of club much suffused.
Upper surface of both wings a dark bronzy brown, with some lustre, the
hind marginal fringes being a shade lighter. There are no markings except a
dark dash on fore wings, running from end of discoidal space to submedian
nervule at an angle of forty-five degrees.
The under side of fore wing is dark brown. The costa, apex and a space
along hind margin, are dusted with lightish scales. From centre of submedian
nervure, extending upward through next two interspaces toward apex, isa dash
of whitish scales, suffusing somewhat toward hind margin and quite prominent.
The hind margin is bordered by a fine black thread. The hind marginal fringe
is somewhat lighter than ground color, and the portions at ends of the veins
are blackish.
The under side of hind wing is dark brown, but a little lighter than fore
wing. The marginal fringe is the same. Across basal area, close to base, is
an indistinct wavy black line, and there is another running from centre of costa
down to discoidal space. Below the centre of costa, just outside of the above-
mentioned line, is an indistinct patch of lightish, and below it is a series of
four similar patches, interspacial, running across centre of wing on a line drawn
from apex to anal angle just outside the discoidal space. The entire surface
is dusted with lightish scales.
Described from three specimens taken in April, 1899, in the
suburbs of La Paz.
Pamphila reedi sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Coroico district. Expanse: 1.28 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, bronzy brown above; below, dis-
tinctly grayish.
Upper surface of both wings bronzy brown with some lustre. Fringes at
hind margin, of same color. The markings of fore wing are indistinct and in
many specimens are quite invisible. One third distance from apex to base are
four white dots in successive interspaces, the first two in a line toward hind
margin, the lower two in a line toward inner angle. There is a larger light
Nov. 2]
1901 WEEKS — BOLIVIAN BUTTERFLIES 87
spot at end of discoidal space, and below it, under first median nervure, another
larger one nearer the base. Below this, in next lower interspace and nearer
the hind margin, is a whitish speck scarcely visible on the most pronounced
types. The upper surface of hind wings is bronzy brown without markings.
The under surface of both wings is grayish, especially the hind wing. The
basal area of fore wing is dark brown without lustre. The costal region is
sprinkled with gray-brown scales, more prominent toward apex, and extend-
ing downward along hind margin, nearly disappearing at inner angle. The
indistinct markings of upper surface are distinctly white and prominent and
somewhat suffused. The small speck on lower submedian nervure of upper
surface is suffused outward and inward, forming an extensive white dash, the
most prominent feature of the under surface. The edge of inner margin is
lightish brown.
The under side of hind wing is dark brown, but so heavily dusted with
light brown or grayish scales that the general appearance is grayish brown.
One sixteenth inch within hind margin is a dark brown line running from
upper angle toward anal angle, not prominent. Just within this is another
similar line, more prominent than the outer one. Both of these stop at the
submedian nervule. Midway from apex to base at costa are two wavy lines,
one sixteenth inch apart, extending downward across end of discoidal space
and then diverging as they approach submedian nervure. The inner marginal
space is somewhat lighter than general ground color.
While the markings of upper surface may vary in intensity, even to com-
plete obliteration, the markings of under surface are less variable, and appar-
ently are quite distinctive of this species.
Taken near Coroico in May, 1899.
Pamphila briquenydan sp. nov.
Habitat: La Paz, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.12 inches.
Head and legs dark brown above; whitish beneath, tinged slightly with
dead brick red. Abdomen dark brown above; whitish beneath, heavily tinged
with dead brick red. Antennae dark brown above; lighter beneath and
tipped with black.
Upper side of fore wing dark brown without lustre. Hind marginal fringe
the same. The costa is dusted with light bronze from base midway to apex.
In subcostal interspaces near apex are two white spots, one below the other.
Near the end of discoidal space, and touching median vein, is a small white
spot. In interspace outside of this is another somewhat larger spot. Below
these, and between them, in next lower interspace, is a still larger white spot,
< :
88 WEEKS — BOLIVIAN BUTTERFLIES gee
concave on its outer edge. Below this, but a little nearer the base and situ-
ated on the submedian vein, is another small white spot.
The upper surface of hind wing is of dark brown somewhat richer than the
brown of fore wings. The portion of the wing below costal area is covered
by light bronzy hairs. Near apex is a small dark tawny spot, very indistinct.
Across the centre of the wing, running in a direction from apex to centre of
inner margin, is a series of four interspacial spots of dark tawny, quite prom-
inent.
The under side of fore wing is dark brown, biackish in basal and inner mar-
ginal area. The subcostal area is heavily dusted with dark brick-colored scales.
The apical area is dusted with lightish gray scales, extending downward along
hind margin toward inner angle. The white spots of upper surface are re-
peated, somewhat enlarged, but more subdued in color.
The ground color of under side of hind wing is dead brick red; it may be
better to say, dark brown very heavily dusted with dark brick-colored scales.
The tawny spots of upper surface are repeated, but very indistinctly; in
addition, there are two more spots, one near end of discoidal space and the
other below centre of costa. The inner marginal space and the portion of
wing bordering hind margin are more brownish, showing less of the brick red.
Taken near La Paz, April 5, 1899.
Pamphila milesi sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Coroico district. Expanse: 1.20 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, bronzy brown above; grayish brown
below.
Upper side of wings bronzy brown, with some lustre. Hind margins fringed
with hairs of a slightly lighter shade.
At a point in costa of fore wing, one third the distance from apex to base,
is a series of four white spots in a line running toward inner angle and placed
in consecutive subcostal interspaces. ‘These spots are small but well defined.
In the interspace below the end of discoidal space is a white spot, its outer end
being concave, and in the interspace below is another larger white spot, its
outer edge being in line with the inner edge of the spot above it. Its outer
edge is also concave, drawn out to a point at the lower portion. These two
spots near the centre of the wing form the prominent markings of the upper
surface. Below the larger spot, on a line with its inner edge, is a small white
dot resting on the submedian nervule. The hind margin is edged with a line
of dark brown within the fringe.
The surface of the hind wing is identical in ground color with the fore
Nov. seal
ae WEEKS — BOLIVIAN BUTTERFLIES 89
wing, the only mark being a small white dot at the end of discoidal space
just below the first median nervule. There is a slight suggestion of another
dot in the interspace below it.
The under side of fore wing is of much the same color as upper surface,
tending somewhat to grayish and lacking lustre. The basal area tends to
blackish. The small spot resting on submedian nervule on upper surface is
replaced by a generous dash of white scales suffusing outward toward margin.
The spots above this are identical with those on upper surface. One sixteenth
inch within the hind margin, running from apex to lower angle on both fore
and hind wings, is a dash of brown somewhat lighter than the ground color.
The under side of hind wing is the same as upper surface, the ground color
only differing as on under side of fore wings.
Taken near Coroico in May, 1899.
Terias floscula sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Cusilluni district. Expanse: 1.05 inches.
Head black, with yellowish gray hairs. Eyes brown. Antennae black, with
white annulations at base of each joint. Club brownish black. Thorax and
abdomen, above, black with yellowish gray hairs; beneath, bright lemon yel-
low. Legs yellow.
Hind margin of fore wing has a black border, starting as a thread at lower
angle and broadening to one twelfth inch as it approaches apex; turning at
apex, it continues down costa in lessening degree, disappearing at one third
distance from apex to base. Rest of wing is bright lemon yellow. Inner
margin somewhat whitish.
Hind wing entirely bright lemon yellow, shading to whitish in subcostal
space.
Under side of both wings bright yellow with no markings whatever.
Taken in May, 1899, in the mountains near Cusilluni.
Butleria duovata sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Coroico. Expanse: 1.00 inch,
Head, thorax and abdomen, above, blackish brown; beneath, very light
tawny. Antennae black, with slight white annulations at base of each joint.
Legs tawny.
.NE:Z.C:
go WEEKS — BOLIVIAN BUTTERFLIES Pol it
Upper side of fore wing, very dark brown. At end of discoidal space is a
very light tawny spot extending downward through the next two lower inter-
spaces.
Upper side of hind wing much the same. The tawny spot in centre of
wing is a little larger than that of fore wing and is a shade darker.
Under side of fore wing the same as upper surface, with the following ex-
ceptions. The tawny spot is more suffused toward inner margin. The ground
color is more a dead blackish. The costa is very light tawny, nearly yellow-
ish white. The apical area is nearly yellowish white, diminishing down hind
margin to a point at lower angle.
The under side of hind wing is entirely very light tawny, matching same
color of fore wings. The inner marginal area is somewhat dusted with darkish
scales.
Described from one specimen taken in April, 1899. A speci-
men much the same as this was taken in Brazil and is in the
Godman collection, unnamed. It is undoubtedly the same species.
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DECEMBER 23, IQOI VoL. II, PP. 91-97
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTIONS OF TEN NEW BUTTERFLIES OF
THE GENUS PAMPHI/LA.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Pamphila artiei sp. nov.
Habitat: Coroico, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.25 inches.
Head, antennae, thorax, abdomen and legs, above, very dark brown; be-
neath, somewhat lighter. Club yellowish beneath.
Upper side of fore wing very dark brown with slight lustre. Hind marginal
fringe, of ground color, but lighter opposite interspaces. There is a dark dash
running from centre of submedian nervure toward apex, ending at median nervy-
ure.
Upper side of hind wing very dark brown without markings. Hind mar-
ginal fringe the same as on fore wing.
Under side of fore wing very dark brown with slight lustre. Area at lower
angle somewhat lighter. There are two small white dots in subcostal inter-
spaces near apex, which do not appear on upper surface. Hind margin bor-
dered by a thread lighter than ground color. Marginal fringe the same as on
upper surface.
Under side of hind wing very dark brown. Hind marginal fringe the same
as on fore wing. Hind margin bordered by a thread lighter than ground color.
There is a black thread starting at centre of lower submedian nervule and run-
ning toward upper angle, ending at first subcostal nervule. In interspace
above, and one sixteenth inch nearer base, is another black thread running to
costa. In the basal area is a short black thread crossing basal portion of
discoidal space. The hind marginal area, covering outer third of wing, is
crossed at its centre by an indistinct line of light scales. The basal area also
is slightly dusted with similar scales. Inner marginal area is of ground color.
Taken near Coroico in May, 1899.
92 WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA Eee
Pamphila coroiconensis sp. nov.
Habitat: Coroico, Bolivia. | Expanse: 1.60 inches.
Head and thorax dark brown. Abdomen, above, dark brown ; below,
somewhat lighter. Antennae dark brown, with a ring of light yellowish at
base of club. Club black.
Upper side of both wings dark bronzy brown with slight lustre, tending to
darker toward basal area.
Under side of fore wing dark bronzy brown; the inner marginal area light
brown.
Under side of hind wing dark bronzy brown, darker than fore wing and with-
out markings.
Taken in May, 1899.
Pamphila warreni sp. nov.
Habitat: Coroico, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.05 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, above, dark bronzy brown; be-
neath, grayish. Antennae black, with white annulations at base of each joint.
Club tipped with white.
Upper side of fore wing dark bronzy brown with slight lustre. Hind mar-
ginal fringe grayish, brown at ends of nervures and nervules. In apical area,
one third distance from apex to base, in subcostal interspaces, are three very
small but distinct white dots. At end of discoidal space, close to subcostal
nervure, is a white spot. There is another somewhat larger white spot rest-
ing on next to lower submedian nervule, midway to hind margin. In inter-
space below and somewhat nearer base is a white spot.
Upper side of hind wing entirely brown, the same as fore wing. Hind mar-
ginal fringe the same as fore wing. Inner marginal area the same, but a shade
lighter.
Under side of fore wing dark brown. The white spots of upper side are
repeated. In addition to these is a spot just under the discoidal spot, and in
interspaces below the subcostal spots are two spots nearer the hind margin.
The costa and apical area are very heavily dusted with grayish scales very
slightly tinged with blue. Inner marginal area light brown. Fringe same as
upper side.
Dec. 23
1901 WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA 93
Under side of hind wing blackish, but so heavily dusted with the bluish
gray scales that the general color appears dark gray with a very slight bluish
tinge. In subcostal area, near the upper angle, is a dark gray spot, the same
as ground color, but somewhat lighter. Below this but nearer hind margin is
a series of similar spots or marks, interspacial, and extending downward to
lower submedian nervule. The central one of these is the largest, and ex-
tends upward toward the base of wing. Near the centre of discoidal space is
another similar spot, and there is also one in the centre of the basal area.
The inner marginal area, up to lower submedian nervule, is brown, nearly
matching the ground color of the fore wing. Fringe the same as fore wing.
Taken in the mountains near Coroico, April 20, 1899.
Pamphila serenus sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Coroico. |Expanse: 1.00 inch.
Entire upper surface bronzy brown with some lustre. Hind margins have a
fringe slightly lighter than ground color.
Under side of head, thorax and abdomen, grayish brown.
Under side of both wings bronzy brown with some lustre, the shade being
somewhat lighter than upper surface. Fringe at hind margins same color as
ground color.
Basal area of fore wings blackish.
On fore wing of some specimens there isa small, subcostal, lightish dot
near end of discoidal space. Just below end of discoidal space is another dot,
and in interspace below that is another larger spot situated a little nearer base
of wing.
Taken in May, 1899.
Pamphila allianca sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 1.50 inches.
Head, thorax and legs, nearly black above; beneath, somewhat lighter.
Abdomen, above, nearly black; beneath, yellowish white. Antennae, above,
black ; beneath, black, with a yellowish space at base of club.
P.N.E.Z.C.
94 WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA Vol. II
Upper side of fore wing rich dark brown with slight lustre. Near apex are
three or four subcostal dots of lightish brown, but very indistinct. In the cen-
tre of wing, running across interspace above the lowest submedian nervule
toward apex, is a lightish line, and in interspace above it is alight dot. All
these markings are very indistinct. Hind marginal fringe of ground color.
Upper side of hind wing rich dark brown, matching fore wing. Hind mar-
ginal fringe lighter than ground color.
Under side of fore wing dead dark brown. The spots of upper surface are
repeated, but less distinctly, being nearly imperceptible. In the costal, apical
and hind marginal areas, in outer third of wing, the nervures and nervules are
distinctly light brown, showing strongly against the ground color. Inner mar-
ginal area near lower angle light brown. The basal area has a very slight
purplish tinge in some lights.
Under side of hind wing dead dark brown, matching fore wing. The nervures
and nervules throughout are distinctly light brown. In interspaces across the
wing, from apex to centre of inner margin, is a faint suggestion of a row of
spots, but so indistinct that they are visible only on very close inspection.
The inner marginal area near the base has a slight tinge of purplish in some
lights.
The marginal fringes of under surface are of ground color.
Taken near Coroico in May, 1899.
Pamphila septimanus sp. nov.
Habitat: Chulumani, Bolivia. | Expanse: 1.25 inches.
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs, above, dark brown; beneath, grayish.
Antennae blackish, with white annulations at base of each joint; a yellowish
band at base of club.
Upper side of fore wing lightish brown with scarcely any lustre. In sub-
costal interspaces, one quarter distance from apex to base, are three white
spots. At end of discoidal space is a prominent white mark, narrowed at its
centre. In interspace below, nearer hind margin and resting on lower sub-
median nervule, is a large white mark, nearly square, its base drawn somewhat
toward hind margin. In interspace above this, and nearer hind margin, is
another white spot of smaller size, making seven in all. Hind marginal fringe
lighter than ground color, darker opposite nervures and nervules.
_ Upper side of hind wing of the same ground color as fore wing, without
markings.
Dec. 23
Igor
WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA 95
Under side of fore wing of the same ground color as upper side. The white
spots are the same as on upper side. The costal and apical areas are dusted
with gray scales. Inner marginal area somewhat lighter than ground color.
Under side of hind wing of the same ground color as fore wing, but heavily
dusted throughout with gray scales. There is a very slight suggestion of interspa-
cial spots across the centre of the wing, owing to the increased number of the
gray scales at these points. Hind marginal fringe lighter than ground color,
darker opposite the nervures and nervules.
Taken January 10, 1899.
Pamphila planus sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 1.25 inches.
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs, brownish black above; beneath, somewhat
lighter. Antennae black, with a suggestion of a yellow band at base of club.
The upper surface of both wings is a rich blackish brown without lustre, mark-
ings, or shadings. Marginal fringe and all marginal areas the same.
Under side of fore wing the same ground color as upper surface. Inner mar-
ginal area light brown, especially at lower angle.
Under side of hind wing the same, but somewhat darker and showing in some
lights a very slight purplish lustre. Inner marginal area lighter brown.
Taken near Cusilluni in May, 1899.
Pamphila taberi sp. nov.
Habitat: Cochabamba, Bolivia. | Expanse: 1.15 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, above, dark bronzy brown; be-
neath, somewhat lighter. Antennae the same, with indistinct white annula-
tions at base of each joint.
Upper side of fore wing dark bronzy brown. In subcostal interspaces near
apex are three indistinct lightish spots.
Upper side of hind wing dark bronzy brown without markings.
Under side of fore wing dead blackish brown. The three apical spots of
upper surface are repeated. In interspace above submedian nervure, in centr
96 WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA PELE
of wing, is a lightish dash, suffusing to ground color toward hind margin. In
interspace above this is a lightish dot. The hind marginal area is lightish
toward apex.
Under side of hind wing very dark blackish brown, darker than fore wing.
The nervures and nervules are light bronze. The hind marginal area is light
brown, somewhat as a narrow border suffusing into ground color. One
eighth inch within the hind margin is a series of five interspacial spots, nearly
white, tinged with blue, running from costa down to submedian nervure.
At the very base the interspaces are of the same color. The inner marginal
area is light brown.
Taken in September, 1899.
Pamphila leopardus sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 1.05 inches.
Head, thorax and abdomen, dead dark brown above; beneath, the same,
tending to grayish. Antennae black, with yellow annulations at base of each
joint and a yellow band at base of club. Legs yellowish.
Upper side of fore wing dead dark brown. Hind marginal fringe yellowish
brown, but black at nervuresand nervules. In subcostal interspaces, one third
distance from apex to base, are five very indistinct spots just a shade lighter
than ground color. These are continued in three lower interspaces, but are sc
indistinct that they are scarcely worth noting. Inner marginal and basal
areas show no change from ground color.
Upper side of hind wing entirely of same ground color as fore wing. Mar-
ginal fringe the same as on fore wing.
Under side of fore wing dark brown, nearly black. The costa is nearly
white. Hind marginal fringe same as upper surface, but more distinctly
marked. The apical area is whitish. Very near apex, in subcostal inter-
spaces, is a line of six black marks, in contact with hind margin at the fourth
one and suffusing into ground color below. The indistinct lightish spots of
upper surface are repeated, but are more prominent and are slightly edged on
inner and outer sides by a dark thread. The inner marginal area tends to
light brown.
The basal area of under side of hind wing, covering inner third of wing,
is whitish. Outer portion beyond this is very dark brown. Across the centre
of the light basal area runs a jagged black line from first subcostal nervule to
lower submedian nervule. One sixteenth inch outside of this is another
similar line, the space between them being the lighter portion of the wing and
Dec. 23 /
1901 WEEKS — NEW SPECIES OF PAMPHILA 97
resembling a light band across the wing. Outside of this line is a series of
very indistinct interspacial dots or marks, slightly lighter than ground color.
Between this and hind margin are interspacial dashes of lightish scales. The
hind margin is bordered by a dark thread. Inner marginal area light brown.
Taken five days’ journey north from Cochabamba, August 25,
1899.
Pamphila hurleyi sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 1.15 inches.
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs, above, dark brown; beneath, lighter,
tending to grayish. Antennae dark brown, with white annulations at base of
each joint; beneath, lighter, tending to yellowish.
Upper side of fore wing dark brown with some lustre. In the subcostal
interspaces, just beyond end of discoidal space, are three small, light brownish,
semi-transparent spots. In the three next lower interspaces are three more
similar spots, but somewhat larger and nearer the hind margin. The lowest
of these is the largest. In next lower interspace, resting on lowest submedian
nervule, is another larger spot, nearer still to base and under the end of
discoidal space. In the discoidal space, near its end, is another spot, making
eight in all.
The upper side of hind wing is dark brown without markings. Marginal
fringe, of ground color.
Under side of fore wing dark brown, nearly black. The costal area and
hind marginal area are heavily dusted with light bronzy scales. Inner margin
grayish. The spots of upper surface are repeated, but are yellowish white and
very prominent. In interspace above submedian nervure is a large band of
yellowish white. Marginal fringe of ground color.
Under side of hind wing light brown dusted with brighter scales. Inner
marginal area light yellowish brown. One sixteenth inch within hind margin,
running from upper angle nearly to anal angle, is a dark brown line, or rather
a series of interspacial lunules. One sixteenth inch within this is another
similar line running from upper angle across the wing toward inner margin.
There is a suggestion of a line across the end of discoidal space, and also two
more in subcostal area nearer the base. All of these lines are somewhat
indistinct, and at first glance give the wing a mottled appearance.
Taken about two hundred miles north of Cochabamba in
September, 1899.
DECEMBER 30, IgOT Vor. II, PP. 99-100
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW WOODPECKER FROM
CHIRIQUI.
BY OUTRAM BANGS.
In the paper I lately published on the birds collected by Mr.
W. W. Brown, Jr., at David and Divala, Chiriqui,’ f followed other
writers on the birds of this region, in referring the small scarlet-
rumped Venzliornis to V. cecthe of Colombia and western Ecuador.
Being struck by the peculiar distribution accorded this species, —
the Bogota region of Colombia and western Ecuador, cropping out
again in Chiriqui, in the vicinity of David, —TI carefully com-
pared our single specimen with the series of V. ceczl7e in the Na-
tional Museum at Washington, and was not surprised to find that
the Chiriqui bird is different.
So far as I have been able to learn, the new species is known
only from the vicinity of David and Divala (these two towns are
about thirty miles apart, and lie in precisely similar country, under
the same faunal conditions, and have a common ornis), where it
is arare species. It may be known as:
Veniliornis neglectus sp. nov.
Type, from Divala, Chiriqui, Q adult, no. 7802, coll. of E. A. and O.
Bangs, collected Nov. 9, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr.
1 Auk, Vol. XVIII, pp. 355-370, Oct., 1901.
IN EEZ.C.
100 BANGS — A NEW WOODPECKER pokes
Characters. — Similar to V. cecilie (Malh.) of Colombia and westem Ecua-
dor, but smaller, with a much stouter bill; general coloration much darker,
especially below; under side of tail darker; under surface of wing with much
wider blackish bands.
Color.— Type, 2 adult (g unknown to me): Pileum dusky mummy brown,
slightly freckled with yellowish ; occipital collar ochre yellow; back and outer
edges of wings bright reddish olive, touched here and there with dull scarlet;
lower rump and upper tail coverts scarlet; primaries and inner webs of second-
aries and tertials dusky brown; throat grayish, marked with dull brown; breast
dark purplish brown, each feather barred (two or three bars) with cinnamon;
belly, sides and under tail coverts paler —the bars on the feathers becoming
wider and isabella color instead of cinnamon; tail, above, dusky brown edged
with reddish olive; tail, below, dark olivaceous brown, with a few obscure paler
spots on inner webs of outer rectrices; under side of closed wing yellowish white
crossed by broad bands of dusky, tips of primaries and secondaries uniformly
dusky.
Measurements.— Type, 2 adult: wing, $3.0; tail, 53.0; tarsus, 15.5; cul-
men, 20.0; width of bill at base, 8.0; depth of bill, 5.5 mm.
DECEMBER 30, IQOI VoL. II, pp. 1ot—108
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ENGLAND ZOOLOGICAL CLUB
DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES OF THE
GENERA 7HECLA, EUPTYCHIA, TELEGONUS
AND ACHLYODES.
BY A. G. WEEKS, JR.
Thecla sadiei_ sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, Coroico district. | Expanse: .80 inch.
Head brown, with a white thread encircling eyes. Thorax dark blue above;
beneath, dark rich brown, nearly black. Abdomen dark blue above; beneath,
white, tending to brown toward end. Antennae black, with white annulations
at base of each joint; tip tawny. Legs brown, with prominent white annula-
tions at each joint.
Upper side of fore wing dead black. Below a line drawn from base upward
to centre of discoidal space and thence to a sixteenth inch from hind margin,
thence to inner margin, the color is a brilliant blue with some lustre.
The upper surface of hind wing is brilliant blue with some lustre, excepting
the subcostal and apical area which is black above a line drawn from base
straight to hind margin one quarter distance below apex. At end of sub-
median nervure is a short black tail tipped with white, and at end of next
nervule above is a shorter tail. The hind margin is bordered by a black
thread. The nervures and nervules are black at hind margin. Inner marginal
area dark gray.
The under side of fore wing is brown. The inner marginal area, up to the
lower submedian nervule, is light gray. The apex also is light gray, diminish-
ing to a narrow line on hind margin toward Jower angle. From the very apex,
within the gray area extending downward from the costa, is a dash of very
dark rich brown. Across the ground color, extending downward from costa,
and just within the apical gray area, is a jagged thread of whitish, ending at
102 WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES ge
lower submedian nervule. The lower half of this is crossed by interspacial
longitudinal dashes of very dark brown. The lower interspaces, also, bear
dark dashes close to hind margin. These dark markings, excepting those at
apex, are somewhat indistinct, but undoubtedly vary in their prominence and
suffusion in various specimens. Below the discoidal space, in the centre of
the wing, is a suggestion of a fine lightish dash extending toward apex. This
is scarcely visible.
The lower side of hind wing is difficult to describe. The general appearance
is mottled, very dark rich brown and lighter brown with jagged lines of bmil-
liant blue. The coloring shows much darker than on fore wing. From the
base a narrow line of brilliant blue extends upward along the costa. The
immediate basal area is dark rich brown. Outside of this is a very irregular
band of lighter brown, extending from near centre of costa across to centre of
inner margin. The outer edge of this is bordered by a brilliant blue thread.
The anal area is of very light brown with irregular dustings of darker brown.
The hind margin is bordered by a white thread. The hind marginal fringe is
whitish, broken by black at the ends of the nervules.
Taken April 20, 1899.
Thecla lucaris sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Cusilluni. Expanse: .72 to 1.10 inches.
Head, thorax and abdomen, above, grayish brown; below, grayish. Anten-
nae, blackish above ; gray beneath, with white annulations at base of each
joint. Club blackish with tawny tip. Legs steel gray.
Upper side of fore wing grayish brown with a blackish shading at basal area
in certain lights; also, under same conditions, there is the appearance of a
discoidal spot of blackish. At first glance, however, the wing appears to have
no markings. Hind margin fringed with hairs of a color slightly lighter than
ground color.
General color of hind wing the same as of fore wing. The hind margin,
within its fringe, has a slight darkish thread. At end of lower median ner-
vule is a short delicate tail, nearly one sixteenth inch long, dark-colored, with
a white point. At the margin, in interspace above this, is a black spot sur-
rounded on basal side by a semicircle of reddish brown, and, in the inter-
space below, another similar spot, but much smaller than the first.
Under side of fore wing steel gray with a brownish tinge. Basal area
dusted with bronzy scales. At hind margin, running from apex down to
lower median nervule, is a double line of interspacial spots of a color slightly
darker than ground color, but all of them very indistinct. On close examina-
Dec. 1
Igor
WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES 103
tion these spots are seen to be edged with whitish. Beginning at subcostal
space, at a point one third distance from apex to base, is a line of six inter-
spacial semicircles of a rich red brown color, extending downward to lower
median nervule. These are edged with whitish on outer edge.
Under side of hind wing same ground color as fore wing. Basal area dusted
with bronzy scales. The marginal border and the double line of indistinct
spots is the same as on fore wing, excepting that the spots in interspaces next
above and below the tail are black, surrounded on basal side by a semicircle of
reddish brown. Beginning near apex and extending across the wing to nearthe
centre of inner margin, is an irregular line of rich red brown, having a white
edge on outer side. At the submedian nervule this line forms a V.
Taken in May, 1899. This species is very variable in size.
Euptychia monahani sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. | Expanse: 1.40 inches.
Head, thorax and abdomen, very dark brown above; beneath, a shade
lighter. Antennae and legs, above, very dark brown; beneath, yellowish.
Entire upper surface of both wings rich dark bronzy brown. In a strong
light the marginal third of wings is a little lighter.
Under side of fore wing blackish brown. Hind margin edged with a fine
line of grayish. One sixteenth inch within the margin is a somewhat irregular
line of very dark brown, starting at costa and disappearing at lower submedian
nervule. At the apex, between this line and the hind margin, the space is
heavily dusted with grayish scales, disappearing midway to lower angle. Above
the lowest submedian nervule, one eighth inch from hind margin, is an ocellus
of black with a white dot at its centre and encircled by a thread of light brown.
Above this, and resting on the next two nervules, are two minute white
specks ; and in interspace above these, nearly in apical area, is a small spot of
yellow. These markings are distinct, but not at all prominent. The inner
marginal area near base is light brown.
The under side of hind wing is rich blackish brown. The hind marginal
area, outside of a line drawn from the apex to centre of inner margin, is
light brown tinged with gray. The portion of this above the anal angle suf-
fuses upward into the ground color. The portion bordering the hind margin
is slightly darker. The hind margin has a thread of grayish. One sixteenth
inch within this is an irregular dark line running from costa to anal angle. One
quarter inch within this line is another, running from same point at costa and
ending at inner margin one quarter inch above anal angle. This line is very
near the dark basal half of the wing. In anal angle, in interspace above the
104 WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES Eee
submedian nervure, is a small yellow spot. In interspace above this, one
eighth inch from hind margin, is a yellow ocellus with a white dot at centre,
the same size as the ocellus on fore wing. From the submedian nervure,
near its central point, runs a line of very dark brown to the junction of
median nervure and lower submedian nervule, turning then and running up-
ward across discoidal space. In some specimens the ocelli of under side are
very indistinct and the marginal area of lower side of hind wing is not so
grayish.
Taken near Alezuni in August, 1899.
Euptychia therkelsoni sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 1.50 inches.
Head, thorax and abdomen, black. Antennae and legs, above, black ; be-
neath, light yellowish brown.
The upper surface of both wings is a very rich dark brown without any
markings. In a strong light the hind marginal areas show somewhat lighter.
Under side of fore wing dark brown. Hind margin edged with a thread of
lighter brown. Within this, one sixteenth inch within the margin, is a jagged
line of very dark brown, running from apex to inner margin. One quarter
inch within this is another similar line, running from subcostal nervure down-
ward and disappearing toward lower submedian nervule. These lines are very
indistinct, perceptible only in a strong light.
Under side of hind wing dark brown, matching fore wing. The two lines of
fore wing are repeated, joining at analangle. They are slightly more promi-
nent than on fore wing. ‘There is also a very indistinct line crossing centre of
discoidal space and disappearing in interspace below.
Taken five days’ travel north from Cochabamba, in August, 1899.
Telegonus finitimus sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. Expanse: 2.00 inches.
Head blackish brown above and below. Thorax blackish brown above, cov-
ered with light blue hairs of considerable lustre; beneath, light brown. Abdo-
men, above, blackish brown with light blue hairs near thorax; beneath, light
tawny. Legs light brown, shading to tawny at ends. Antennae black. Club,
below, tawny.
Dec. =|
1901
WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES 105
Upper side of fore wing dead blackish brown. The basal area below median
nervure is in some lights bright lustrous blue. Hind marginal fringe at apex,
of ground color. Hind marginal area at the apex, of ground color, but shading
to tawny at lower angle. In discoidal space, near its end and touching sub-
costal nervure, is a small white dot. Below this, in discoidal space and slightly
nearer base, is another somewhat larger dot resting on median nervure. In the
interspace above the lowest submedian nervule, about one quarter inch from
hind margin, is a semi-transparent white spot crossing the interspace, concave
on its outer side. In interspace above this, slightly nearer hind margin, is
another similar spot, somewhat smaller.
The upper side of hind wing is of same ground color as fore wing. The
basal area in some lights is bright lustrous blue. The hind marginal fringe is
bright tawny, thread-like at upper angle but broadening to one eighth inch
wide at anal angle. This prominent fringe and the lustrous blue of basal areas
form the prominent markings of upper surface.
The under side of fore wing is dark brown. The spots of upper surface are
distinctly repeated. From costa, one third distance from apex to base, extends
a soft suffusing band of grayish, running toward centre of hind margin and
then turning at base of apical area and paralleling hind margin, disappearing
toward lowest submedian nervule. The immediate apical area is of same color,
suffusing gently toward this band. Inner marginal area light brown. Hind
marginal fringe the same as on upper side.
Under side of hind wing same ground color as fore wing. Costal area, near
base, grayish. From centre of costa, extending toward base, is a soft suffusing
band of grayish. From apex, running across to inner margin, is a similar
band, broken and made irregular by suffusions of the ground color. Running
from apex toward anal angle, in hind marginal area, is another band or space
of similar coloring, ending at lowest submedian nervule, concaved in interspaces
just within hind margin, and somewhat broken along its central portion by the
ground color. Hind marginal fringe bright tawny, as on upper side, but suffus-
ing more toward the base at anal angle.
Taken near Cusilluni in May, 1899.
Telegonus tritonz sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, near Chulumani. Expanse: 2.50 inches,
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs, dark brown. Eyes encircled by a white
thread. Antennae dark brown, tipped with light brown on under side.
Upper side of fore wing dark brown without lustre. From centre of costa,
running toward inner angle and stopping at lower submedian nervure, is a band
of pure silvery white, one quarter inch wide. A portion of this extends down-
106 WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES Bote
ward into next lower interspace, at right angles to inner margin. In interspace
below, nearer base, is a small white dot. Running from costa, midway from
this band to apex, and parallel to it, is a series of three prominent interspacial
white spots.
The upper side of hind wing is entirely dark brown, the same as fore wing,
and without any markings.
The under side of fore wing is identical with upper surface, except that at the
hind margin, in interspace below the lower submedian nervule, is a small area
of very light brown suffusing somewhat into surrounding ground color.
The under side of hind wing is entirely brown, the same as upper surface.
Taken in December, 1898. This species is near TZelegonus
cynapes Hew., except that it has three apical white spots instead of
six. These three spots are well defined and prominent, and my
types show not the slightest indication of there being more; the
two species are undoubtedly distinct.
Achlyodes guilfordi sp. nov.
Habitat: Coroico, Bolivia. Expanse: 1.40 inches.
Head, thorax, abdomen, legs and antennae, above, dark blackish brown;
below, somewhat lighter.
Upper side of fore wing a rich dark brown, with markings of slate color of
little prominence. Basal area slate color. From the costa, one third dis-
tance from base to apex, and extending downward to inner margin, is a broad
band of slate color. At its lower half this band broadens and suffuses into
ground color. A second similar band starts at costa, midway between the first
band and the apex, and extends downward across outer edge of discoidal space,
terminating there. Its inner lower edge joins the suffused portion of the first
band. There is another similar band crossing apical area; and below it is a
line of interspacial spots of same color, extending downward to submedian
nervure. These slate-colored markings are not well defined or prominent, but
seem rather to form a delicate change in the ground color.
Upper side of hind wing of same ground color as fore wing. The immedi-
ate basal area is of the slate color. From the centre of the costa, running
downward into discoidal space, is a narrow indistinct band of slate color. The
area at upper angle shows lighter brown than ground color. Marginal fringe,
of ground color.
Under side of fore wing dark brown with a purplish lustre. Inner marginal
area very light brown. The two outer bands of upper side may be traced on
very close inspection, but are too indistinct to be considered.
Under side of hind wing dark brown with a purplish lustre similar to fore
Dec. =|
1901 WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES 107
wing. The inner marginal and anal angle areas are light brown. One eighth
inch within hind margin, and following its contour, is a series of indistinct
interspacial blotches of light brown, extending from costa to inner margin.
One sixteenth inch within this is a band of light brown having a tinge of the
slate color, running from subcostal nervure to submedian nervure, parallel to
hind margin. These markings are very indistinct, and scarcely show above
the ground color.
Taken in April, 1899. A specimen was found in the Hewitson
collection, but without name, and I can find no record of its hav-
ing been described.
Achlyodes fera sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia. | Expanse: 1.50 inches.
Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and legs, reddish brown above; beneath, light
grayish brown. Antennae black above; light brown below, with indistinct
white annulations at base of each joint.
General color of fore wing reddish brown. In some lights the basal area
shows a decided purplish lustre. One quarter distance from base to apex is a
dark band running from subcostal nervure downward to submedian nervure.
This bandis not at all prominent. Outside of this, at end of discoidal space, is
another similar band which disappears by gradual suffusion as it reaches the
submedian nervure. Outside of this, under the costa, is a small area some-
what lighter than the general ground color. In apical area, running down-
ward from costa, are three white dots. Outside of these is a series of reddish
brown spots, extending from subcostal interspace downward to inner margin,
and one eighth inch within hind margin; in lower portion of wing they suffuse
and forma band. The color of this band of spots is a shade lighter than
ground color and is very indistinct. There is a white dot resting on lower
submedian nervule at its centre; and just below it, in next interspace, is another.
Hind marginal area, of ground color, including the fringe.
Upper side of hind wing of the same ground color as fore wing. The only
fairly prominent marking is a broad band, somewhat lighter than ground color,
running across the wing from centre of costa to centre of inner margin, bordered
on its outer edge by a soft dark line. ‘The area outside of this to hind margin
is of the ground color, the interspaces having indistinct spots or dashes of
lighter color. The basal area is of the ground color.
The most distinct markings of entire upper surface are the white dots. The
rest of the surface is of ground color, suffusing into lighter shades in places, as
above described. The markings are so indistinct and so ill defined that they
hardly deserve to be called bands or spots.
N.E.Z.C.
108 WEEKS — SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES Eee
Under side of fore wing is practically the same as upper side, except that
the coloring is a shade lighter and the inner marginal area tends to grayish.
The basal area of hind wing, covering one third of the wing area, is dark
brown. The rest of the wing, to hind margin, is brown of a lighter shade,
crossed at its centre by a dark line running from a point near upper angle to
just below the centre of inner margin. In the three lower interspaces this line
bears dashes of white scales. Inner marginal area heavily dusted with light
gray scales.
Taken five days’ travel north from Cochabamba in September,
1899.
Achlyodes seatoni_ sp. nov.
Habitat: Bolivia, 200 miles north of Cochabamba. Expanse:
1.25 inches.
Head, palpi, antennae, thorax, abdomen and legs, nearly black above;
beneath, dark brown.
Ground color of fore wing nearly black. Fringe of hind margin the same.
One eighth inch within the hind margin, running from costa down to submedian
nervure, is a line of light brown, broken by the nervules, each interspacial por-
tion being concave on basal side. Within this, in subcostal interspaces, are
two bluish green dots. In the interspaces below, these dots develop into promi-
nent interspacial dashes increasing in area to submedian nervure, where the
lowest one is one sixteenth inch wide. ‘These dashes form, practically, a band
of bluish green starting at submedian nervure and terminating in two dots at
costa. The inner edge is distinctly marked; the outer edge suffuses into
ground color. The basal half of the wing is of ground color, except that there
is a dash of bluish green scales along the median nervure. At the base, just
above submedian nervure, are a number of bluish green scales.
The hind wing has a marginal border of dark brown, nearly one quarter inch
wide, dusted somewhat with light scales. The area within this, and covering
one half the wing area, is rich purple with much lustre.
The under side of fore wing is dark brown tending to blackish in subcostal
area. The brown line of upper surface is repeated, but is very indistinct,
scarcely visible. There are no other markings.
Under side of hind wing the same ground color as of fore wing, although
somewhat darker. There are no markings beyond a scattering of light scales
covering the entire wing, more prominent on a line running from costa to anal
angle, one quarter inch within hind margin.
Taken five days’ travel north from Cochabamba in August,
1899.
INDEX
In references to subspecies the name of the species is omitted.
heavy-faced type.
ACHLYODES fera, 107.
guilfordi, 106.
seatoni, 108.
Agassiz, A., 75.
Agyrtria amabilis, 64.
decora, 64.
Aithurus fuliginosus, 45.
polytmus, 47-50.
scitulus, 48-50.
taylori, 49.
Allen; Ja Ax. 53:
Amazon, II.
Amblycercus holosericeus, 33.
Amizillis fuscicaudata, 20.
Aphantochroa cirrhochloris, 19.
Aramides chiricote, 14.
Argentine, La Plata, 58.
Arremon aurantiirostris, 32.
Arremonops conirostris, 32.
Asturina nitida, 15.
Attila sclateri, 23.
Automolus pallidigularis, 26.
BaANGs, O., new rice grackle, 11;
Panama birds, 13; new Labrador
rodents, 35; new squirrel from Pan-
ama, 43; new honey creeper, 51 ;
South American meadowlark, 55 ;
rough-winged swallows, 57; new
Ortalis, 61; new Phaéthornis, 63;
Florida red-tailed hawk, 67 ; a new
woodpecker from Chiriqui, 99. See
also: Brewster, W.
Barrows, W. B., 53.
Blacicus brachytarsus, 22.
Bolivia, 58, 71, 93, 95-97, 103, 107.
Alezuni, 81, 104.
Chulumani, 80, 94, 105.
Cochabamba, 71, 80-82, 95, 97,
104, 108.
Coroico, 72-74, 79, 86-89, 91-94,
IOI, 106.
Cusilluni, 89, 95, 102, 105.
New scientific names are in
Bolivia, La Paz, 85-88.
Yacanachi, 80.
Yuracares, 29.
Brazil, 58, 90.
Brewster, W., and O. Bangs, new
Aithurus, 47; new bécard, 53.
British Columbia, 60.
Brotogerys jugularis, 16.
Brown, Wie Wey Jie. Ti) 1s 145.20,
Zien Bilis (A'S ES Sat SSeS Oss Oon Oli vOdi
99, 100.
Bucco dysoni, 17.
Busarellus nigricollis, 15.
Buteo borealis, 67, 68.
calurus, 67, 68.
latissimus, 15.
umbrinus, 68.
Butleria duovata, 89.
Buzzard, cream-colored, 68.
CAcIcus microrhynchus, 34.
Callorhynchide, 77.
Callorhynchus, 75-77.
Calospiza fanny, 30.
inornata, 30.
Capito maculicoronatus, 18.
Capsiempis flaveola, 21.
Cassidix mexicana, I1, 12.
oryzivora, IT.
violea, I1.
Celeus loricatus, 18.
mentalis, 18.
squamatus, 18.
Ceophlceus lineatus, 19.
Cercomacra maculicaudis, 24.
tyrannina, 23.
Ceryle zquatorialis, 17.
inda 17.
stictoptera, 17.
superciliosa, 17.
Chimera, 75-77.
Chimeride, 76.
Claravis pretiosa, 15.
TIO INDEX [ P.N.E.Z.C.
Cochlearius zeledoni, 15. ECUADOR, II, 58, 64, 99.
Ceereba cerinoclunis, 52. Esmeraldas, 57.
columbiana, 51. Elanea subpagana, 21.
luteola, 51. Empidonax traillii, 22.
mexicana, 28, 51. Epinephele imbrialis, Sr.
Colias electra, 7. Erethizon dorsatus, 35, 37, 38.
hecate, 7p) uu: picinus, 37, 38.
Colombia, 11, 57, 64. Eucometis cristata, 29.
Archipelago de las Perlas, 51, 61. Euetheia pusilla, 33.
Bogota, 8, 9, 45, 55, 73, 99- Euphonia crassirostris, 28, 29.
Chiriqui, 25, 32, 59, 64, 99. laniirostris, 28, 29.
Chirua, 64, 65. Euptychia monahani, 103.
David, 99. therkelsoni, 104.
Divala, 58, 62-64, 99, 100.
El Mamon, 55, 56.
La Concepcion, 11, 64, 65. Fatco dominicensis, 67.
Lion Hill, 13, 43- jamaicensis, 67.
Loma del Lion, 13, 20, 25, 31, Florida, 67, 68.
43> 62, 63, 65. Manatee Co., 67, 68.
Palomina, 12. Myakka, 67, 68.
Panama, IT, 13, 59, 64. Formicarius hoffmanni, 24.
Pedro Gonzales Isd., 61, 62. Frazar, M. A., 3, 4, 6.
Pueblo Viejo, 65.
San Francisco, 65.
San Miguel Isd., 51, 52, 61, 62.
San Sebastian, 55, 50.
Santa Marta, 18, 30, 43, 44, 58,
63, 64.
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta,
GALEOSCOPTES carolinensis, 27.
Garman, S., genera and families of
the chimeeroids, 75.
Geothlypis formosa, 28.
Gerhard, W. J., 72.
ear Coldwent BE. A. 05.
C a) ae ah Goldthwaite, C. H., 35, 39.
Solumbigallina rufipennis, 15. Gorgythion difficilis, 82
ae oA y ’ =.
SOR d ail aay Grackle, rice, Ir.
Copurus hace 20. er sab cl ee
Costa Rica, 18, 30, 32, 59, 64. 5
Cotyle fulvipennis, 59. mbit ye De.
uropygialis, 59. epee mens :
Creeper, yellow honey, 51. Gymnocichla nudiceps, 24.
Crotophaga ani, 16.
Crypturus modestus, 14.
Cuba, 67, 68. HARRIOTTA, 7 5-77-
Cyanerpes cyaneus, 28. pacifica, 75, 70.
Cyanocompsa cyanescens, 33. raleighana, 75.
Cyanolesbia cyanura, 48. Hawk, Cuban sparrow, 67.
Cymbilanius fasciatus, 24. red tailed, 67, 68.
Cyphorhinus lawrencii, 27. Heliconius spadicarius, 72.
Helodromas solitarius, 14.
Heterospingus rubrifrons, 29.
DAcNIs ultramarina, 28. Hirundo ruficollis, 58.
Damophila panamensis, 20. serripennis, 60.
Dendroica estiva, 28. Hummingbird, long-tailed black-cap,
pensylvanica, 28. 48.
Dendrornis nana, 25. Hylocichla swainsonii, 27.
Diplopterus naevius, 16. Hypocnemis nevioides, 24.
Doane, E., 35, 37; 40. Hypolyczna festata, 2, pl. I,
Vol. II ]
IcTERUS galbula, 33.
salvini, 34.
Ionornis martinica, 14.
JACANA nigra, 14.
Jamaica, 47, 48, 67, 68.
Kingston, 47, 48.
Manchester, 48.
Port Antonio, 47.
Portland Parish, 47, 49.
Priestman’s River, 47, 49.
St. Andrew, 49.
LABRADOR, Black Bay, 35, 37, 38-
Hamilton Inlet, 35, 36, 39, 40.
Lance au Loup, 35-40.
Rigoulette, 39.
Lampornis violicauda, 19.
Laniocera rufescens, 23.
Lasaia kennethi, 71.
rosamonda, 45, pl. V.
Legatus albicollis, 21.
Lemonias maxima, 4, pl. I.
Leptoptila cassini, 15.
Lower California, 4, 6.
San José del Cabo, 2-6.
MAINE, 39.
Manacus vitellina, 22.
Martin, Cuban, 67.
Meadowlark, 55.
Melanerpes pucherani, 19.
sanctemarte, 18.
wagleri, 18.
Merula casius, 27.
Mexico, II.
Jaiapa, 59.
Micrastur melanoleucus, 15.
Mictomys innuitus, 36.
sphagnicola, 36.
Miller, G. S., Jr., 36.
Mionectes assimilis, 21.
oleagineus, 20, 21.
parcus, 20, 21.
Mitrospingus cassini, 29.
Muscivora mexicana, 22.
Myiarchus panamensis, 22.
Myiobius atricaudus, 22.
Myiodynastes nobilis, 22.
Myiozetetes cayennensis, 21.
granadensis, 21.
superciliosus, 21.
INDEX
Myrmelastes ceterus, 25.
corvinus, 25.
intermedius, 25.
lawrencei, 25.
Myrmotherula surinamensis, 23.
Myscelia streckeri, 1, 6, pls. I, II.
NELson, E. W.., 65.
New Hampshire, 39.
White Mountains, 36.
Nicaragua, 25, 32.
Nonnula frontalis, 17.
Nova Scotia, 39.
Nyctidromus albicollis, 17.
ONCOSTOMA olivacea, 20.
Ornismya cephalatra, 48.
Ortalis cinereiceps, 14, 61, 62
struthopus, 61, 62.
Owen yo.
PACHYRHAMPHUS Cinereus, 23.
cinnamomeus, 23.
notius, 53.
polychropterus, 53.
SP'23:
Pamphila alleni, 85.
allianca, 93.
artiel, Tr.
briquenydan, 87.
coroicana, 79.
coroiconensis, 92.
errator, 73.
hurleyi, 97.
idee, 56.
leopardus, 96.
milesi, 88.
morsa, 55.
planus, 95.
reedi, 86.
septimanus, 94.
serenus, 93.
taberi, 95.
vesana, So.
viridenex, So.
watreni, 92.
Panama, — see Colombia.
Pandora prola, 8, pl. IV.
Parrot, blue-headed, 16.
Peru, 18.
Phaéthornis cassinii, 63.
longirostris, 19, 63-65.
mexicanus, 63, 65.
Veta
I1I2
Phaéthornis panamensis, 63.
superciliosus, 63, 64.
susurrus, 64.
Phenacomys celatus, 35, 40.
Crassus, 39, 40.
latimanus, 40.
ungava, 35, 30.
Phlogopsis macleannani, 24.
Pheenicothraupis erythrolama, 30.
fuscicauda, 30.
Piaya minuta, 16.
thermophila, 16.
Picolaptes lineaticeps, 25.
Picumnus olivaceus, 17.
Pionus rubrigularis, 16.
Piranga rubra, 30.
Pitangus lictor, 21.
Pitylus grossus, 33.
Porcupine, Labrador, 35, 38.
Porzana albigularis, 14.
carolina, I 4.
Preble, E-A., 377, 40.
Progne chalybea, 26.
cryptoleuca, 67.
Pteroglossus torquatus, 18.
Pulsatrix torquata, 16.
Pyrgus pelagica, 5, pl. I.
QUEBEC, Godbout, 36.
Querula cruenta, 23.
RHAMPHASTOS brevicarinatus, 17.
Rhamphocelus dimidiatus, 30.
icteronotus, 30.
Rhinochimera, 75-77.
Rhinochimeride, 76, 77.
Rhodinocichla rosea, 27.
Ridgway, R., 11, 51.
SALTATOR atriceps, 31.
intermedius, 32.
isthmicus, 32.
lacertosus, 31.
magnoides, 32.
magnus, 32.
Sciurus gerrardi, 43, 44.
morulus, 43, 44.
variabilis, 43, 44.
Sclerurus guatemalensis, 26.
mexicanus, 26.
Scott, W. E. D., 47, 49.
Seiurus noveboracensis, 28.
skinner, Eo. a:
South Carolina, 60.
Spiza americana, 33.
INDEX
Spizaétus tyrannus, I5.
Sporophila aurita, 33.
minuta, 33.
Stelgidopteryx zqualis, 58, 59.
fulvipennis, 59, 60.
ruficollis, 57, 58.
serripennis, 58, 60.
uropygialis, 26, 57, 59.
Strecker El. 6,076
Strix guatemale, 16.
Sturnella magna, 55.
meridionalis, 55.
paralios, 56.
Swallow, rough-winged, 57-60.
Synallaxis pudica, 26.
Synaptomys cooperi, 41.
fatuus, 41.
innuitus, 37, 41.
medioximus, 40, 41.
sphagnicola, 37, 41.
TACHYPHONUS luctuosus, 29.
rufus, 29.
Tanagra diaconus, 30.
melanoptera, 30.
Taylor, C. B., 49.
Telegonus cynapes, 106.
finitimus, 104.
tritonz, 105.
Terias floscula, 89.
Thamnophilus doliatus, 24.
nzevius, 24.
transandeanus, 24.
Thecla lucaris, 102.
sadiei, Iot.
Thryophilus castaneus, 27.
galbraithi, 27.
modestus, 27.
Thryotherus albigularis, 27.
Tigrisoma lineatum, I5.
Tityra personata, 23.
Todirostrum cinereum, 20.
schistaceiceps, 20.
Tollin, O., 67, 68.
Trinidad, rt.
Trochilus cephalatra, 48.
forficatus, 48.
maria, 48.
polytmus, 48.
Troglodytes inquietus, 26.
Trogon caligatus, 19.
chionurus, 19.
macrurus, 19.
massena, 19.
tenuellus, 19.
Tyrannus satrapa, 22.
tyrannus, 22.
[P.N.E.Z.C.
Vol. IT] INDEX rs
UnGAVA, Fort Chimo, 36.
Urospatha martii, 17.
Uruguay,
Concepcion, 53.
VENEZUELA, II, 55-
Veniliornis ceciliz, 99.
neglectus, 99.
WASHINGTON, 60.
Weeks, A. G., Jr., 6.—unfigured lepi-
doptera, 1, 45; three new butter-
flies, 71; new butterflies of the
genera Pamphila, Epinephele and
Gorgythion, 79; seven new butter-
flies from Bolivia, 85; new species
of Pamphila, 91; new butterflies of
the genera Zhecla, Euptychia, Tele-
gonus and Achlyodes, 101.
XENopPS genibarbis, 26.
Xiphorhynchus trochilirostris, 26.
ZARHYNCHUS wagleri, 34.
PLATES.
Facing
page
PLATE I. fe)
Fig. 1. Wypolycena festata, male.
2. Hypolycena festata, female.
3. Myscelia streckert, female.
4. Lemonias maxima.
5. Pyrgus pelagica.
PLATE II. Io
Myscelia streckeri, male.
PrArE Is 10
Fig. 1. Coltas hecate, male.
2. Coltas hecate, female.
3. Colias hecate, albinic female.
PLATE UV. Io
Pandora prola, female.
PLATE V. 46
Lasaia rosamonda.
ERRATUM.
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