Full text of "Proceedings of the United States National Museum"

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

COPY.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

VOLUME 90

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 1942

The scientific publications of the National Museum include two
series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin.

The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a
medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collec-
tions of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts
in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new
forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in
pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific
organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different
subjects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are
recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes.

The present volume is the ninetieth of this series.

The series of Bulletins^ the first of which was issued in 1875, con-
tains separate publications comprising monographs of large zoologi-
cal groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in
several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of
type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar
nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a
quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates
were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear vol-
umes under the heading Contrihution.s from the United /States National
Her-harimrb^ in octavo form, published by the National Museum since
1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of
the Museum.

AlJEXANDER WeTMORE,

Assistant Secretary^ Smithsoniun Institution.

COPv

CONTENTS

Pages

Babiy, p. p. a new genus of psammocharid wasp from China.
No. 3119. October 24, 1941 ^ 543-546

New geuus : SinotocypJius.

New species: SinotocypJius chinensis.

Berry, Willard. Pamlico fossil ecliinoids. No. 3113. July

5, 1941 1 443-445

Clark, Austin H. Notes on some North and Middle American

danaid butterflies. No. 3118. November 4, 1941 ' 531-542

New species : Danaus candidtis.

New subspecies: Danaus plexipptis tohagi, D. p. portoricensis.

Cl^vkke, J. F. Gates. Revision of the North American moths
of the family Oecophoridae, with descriptions of new genera
and species. No. 3107. November 6, 1941 ^ 33-286

New genera : Martyrhilda, Bibarrambla, ApacJiea, Hinunacia,
Mathildana, Carolana, Anoncia, Antequera.

New species : Agonopterix arcucUa, A. oregonensis, A. fuscitermi-
nella, A. cajonensis, A. thelmae, A. dimorphella, A. costimacida,
A. antennaricUa, Martyrhilda sordidella, M. sphaeralceae, M.
hildaella, Semioscopis traunae, 8. mcdunnoughi, Depressaria
atrostrigella, D. palousella, D. eleanorae, D. whitmani, D. yaki-
niae, D. angustati, Psilocorsis caryae.

New variety : Agonopterix rosaciliella echinopanicis.

New combinations : Biharramhla aUenella (Walsingham), Apachea
barberella (Buscls), Eimmacia huachucella (Busck), Inga hu-
mata (Meyrick), /. concolorella (Beutenmiiller), /. canarieJla
(Busck), /. trigama (Meyrick), I. cretacea (Zeller), /. ohscitro-
maculella (Chambers), /. ciHella (Busck), Mathiidana newma-
nclla (Clemens), Carolana ascriptella (Busck), Anoncia episcia
(Walsingham), A. conia (Walsingham), A. fasciata (Walsing-
ham), A. orites (Walsingham), A. diveni (Heinrich), A. splia-
celina (Keifer), A. marinensis (Keifer), Antequera acertella,
(Busck).

Fisher, Walter K. A new genus of sea stars {Plazaster) from
Japan, with a note on the genus Parasterina. No. 3114.

June 18, 1941 1 447-456

New genus : Plazaster.

Fowler, Henry W. New fishes of the family Callionymidae,
mostly Philippine, obtained by the United States Bureau of
Fisheries Steamer Albatross. No. 3100. April 8, 1941 ^ 1-31

^ Date of publication.

IV PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Pages

New subfamilies : Amorinae, Draculinae.

New genus : DicalUonymus.

New species: Callionymus vmbrithoraof, C. scabriceps, C. hole-

ogenys, C. marisinensis, C. hudsoni, C. longi, C. irunneus, C.

pimctilateralis, C. keeleyi, C. distethommatus, C. leucobranchi-

alis, Synchiropus paUidus, 8. grinnelli, Elcutherochir mccad-

deni.

Gahan, a. B. a revision of the chalcid-flies of the genus
M onodontomenis in the United States National Museum.
No. 3116. August 19, 1941 ^ 461-482

New species: Monodontomerus dianthidii, M. cuhensis, M. viridi-
scapus, M. mexicanus, M. indiscreUis, M. mandibularHs, M. bakeri,
M. emarginatus, M. subobsolctus.

GiLMORE, Charles W. A history of the division of vertebrate

paleontology in the United States National Museum. No.

3109. August 5, 1941^ 305-377

Greene, Charles T. Two new species of cecidomyiid flies from

Phlox. No. 3120. October 30, 1941 ^ 547-551

New species : Hyperdiplosis phlox, Lestodiplosis macuUpennis.

Henderson, E. P. (See under Preston, F. W.) 387-416

Humes, Arthur G. A new harpacticoid copepod from the gill

chambers of a marsh crab. No. 3110. August 5, 1941 ^ 379-386

New species : Cancrhicola plumipes.
Linton, Edwin. Cestode parasites of teleost fishes of the

Woods Hole region, Massachusetts. No. 3112. July 15,

1941 ^ ____ 4i7_442

Preston, F. W., Henderson, E. P., and Randolph, James R.

The Chicora (Butler County, Pa.) meteorite. No. 3111.

June 17, 1941^ 387-416

Randolph, James R. (See under Preston, F. W.) 387-416

Stejneger, Leonhard. Notes on Mexican turtles of the genus

Kinostemon. No. 3115. July 25, 1941 ^ 457-459

New subspecies: Kinosternon cruentatmn consors.
Webber, Rat T. Synopsis of the tachinid flies of the genus

Tachinomyia^ with descriptions of new species. No. 3108.

June 30, 1941 ^ 287-304

New species: Tachinotuyia cana, T. acosta, T. nigricans, T. dako-
tensis.

Wetmore, Alexander. Notes on the birds of North Carolina.

No. 3117. October 31, 1941 ^ 483-530

New subspecies: Dryobates borealia hylonomus.

^ Date of publication.

ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATES

Following
page

1. North American Oecophoridae, Cosmopterygidae, and Ethmiidae:

Lateral aspect of heads 286

2. North American Oecophoridae : Lateral aspect of heads 286

3. North American Oecophoridae, Cosmopterygidae, Blastobasidae, and

Heliodinidae : Lateral aspect of heads 286

4. North American Oecophoridae and Cosmopterygidae: Wings and

lateral aspect of heads 286

5. North American Oecophoridae : Wing venation 286

6. North American Oecophoridae and Blastobasidae: Wing venation- 286

7. North American Oecophoridae, Cosmopterygidae, Ethmiidae, and

Heliodinidae: Wing venation 286

8. North American Oecophoridae and Blastobasidae: Ventral aspect

of male genitalia 286

9. North American Oecophoridae and Cosmopterygidae : Ventral aspect

of male genitalia 286

10, 11. North American Oecophoridae : Ventral aspect of male genitalia 286

12. North American Oecophoridae, Ethmiidae, and Heliomidae : Ventral

aspect of male genitalia 286

13. North American Oecophoridae and Cosmopterygidae : Ventral aspect

of male genitalia 286

14, 16. North American Oecophoridae : Ventral aspect of female gentalia__ 286
15. North American Oecophoridae and Heliodinidae : Ventral aspect of

female genitalia 286

17. North American Oecoplioridae and Ethmiidae : Ventral aspect of fe-

male genitalia and abdominal spines 286

18. North American Oecophoridae and Cosmopterygidae : Ventral aspect

of female genitalia 286

19. North American Oecophoridae, Cosmopterygidae, and Blastobasidae :

Ventral aspect of female genitalia 286

20-38. North American Oecophoridae : Ventral aspect of male genitalia 286

39-48. North American Oecophoridae : Ventral aspect of female genitalia,. 286

49. Main exhibition hall for fossil vertebrates, U. S. National Museum :

Diagonal view from the southeast 3-'0

50. Main exhibition hall for fossil vertebrates, U. S. National Museum :

View from the west, second floor 320

51. General view of the vertebrate paleontology laboratory, U. S. Na-

tional Museum 320

52. View of storage room for reserve or study collections of fossil ver-

tebrates, U. S. National Museum 330

53. Storage cases and cupboards for vertebrate collections, showing utili-

zation of corridor, U. S. National Museum 330

54. The two individuals of the Chicora meteorite fall 390

55. Map of terrain covered by witnesses of the Chicora meteorite fall 390

VI PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Following
page
5G. Map showing observations, in tliree dimensions, of the Chicora

meteorite fall 390

57. The appearance of the smoke cloud as seen from the wvjst at an

infinite distance (Chicora meteorite) 394

58. Drawing illustrating the absorption of kinetic energy of the meteorite

by the air (Chicora meteorite) 394

59. Fragment of the banded olivine chondrule and the fibrous upper half

of the field contains a fragment of a pyroxene chondrule (Chicora
meteorite) 410

60. Cestodes from fishes: Caryophyllaeus terebrans (Linton) ; Llyula

sp. ; Spathehothriiim simplex Linton ; Bothrimonus intermedius
Cooper; Bothriocephalus scorpii (Miiller) .. 442

61. Cestodes from fishes: Bothriocephalus scorpii (Miiller) ; B. claviceps

(Goeze) ; B. sp. ; Clestohothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi) 442

62. Cestodes from fishes: Ahothrium rugosum (Batsch) ; Ancistro-

cephalus aluterae (Linton) ; Bothriocephalus sp. ; Proteocephalus

macrocephalus (Creplin) ; Corallobothrium flmbriatum Essex 442

63, 64. Encope michelini L. Agassiz 445

65. Encope michelini L. Agassiz and Mellita guinquiesperforata (Leske) 445

66. Plazaster borealis (Uchida) 456

67. Lahidiaster annulatus Sladeu; L. radiosus Liitken 456

68. Plazaster borealis (Uchida) : Abactinal and lateral surfaces of five

rays and about half of disk 456

69. Plazaster borealis (Uchida) : Actinal surface of three rays and part

of disk 456

70. Patiria granifera Gray ; NepaMhia crassa (Gray) 456

71. Danaus plexippus plexippus, male ; D. p. megalippe, male ; D. p.

tobagi, new species, male 536

72. Danaus candidus, new species, male; D. plexippus portoricensis,

new subspecies, male 536

73. Danaus jamaicensis, male; D. berenice berenice, male; D. b. strigosa,

male 536

74. Danaus eresimus, female; D. cleothera, male 536

TEXT FIGURES

Page

1. CalUonymus umbrithorax, new species: Type 3

2. CalUonymus scabriceps, new species: Type 5

3. CalUonymus boleogenys, new species: Tyi)e 6

4. CalUonymus marisinensis, new species: Type 8

5. CalUonymus hudsoni, new species: Type 9

6. CalUonymus longi, new species: Type 10

7. CalUonymus brunneus, new species: Type 12

8. CalUonymus punctilateralis, new species: Type 14

9. CalUonymus keeleyi, new species: Type 15

10. CalUonymus schaapii Bleeker 17

11. Callioyiymus distethommatus, new species: Type 17

12. CalUonymus leucobranchiaUs, new species: Type, male 20

13. CalUonymus leucobranchiaUs, new species: Paratype, female 20

14. Synchiropiis pallidus, new species: Type 23

ILLUSTRATIONS VII

Following
page

15. Synchiropus grinnelli, new species : Type 25

16. Eleutherochir mccaddeni, new species: Type 28

17. Tachinomyia characters: Lateral aspects of anal forceps of male

genitalia (several species) ; hind tibia of T. apicata; apex of abdomen
with drawn genitalia showing formation of fourth and fifth sternites
in lateroventral aspect of T. apicata and T. variata 298

18. Cancrincola plumipes, new species 383

19. Sketch of clouds and explosion aa noted from "north side" Pittsburgh

(Chicora meteorite) 392

20. Nepanthia crassa (Gray) : Abactinal plates near base of ray 453

21. Nepanthia crassa (Gray) : 6 lateral plates of third and fourth series

above superomarginals near base of ray, to show pedicellariae 453

22. Nepanthia variabilis Clark: A plate from lateral area near base of ray

to show pedicellaria 454

23. Sinotocyphus chinensis, new species 1545

24. Two new flies reared from Phlox: nyperdiplosis phlox; Lestodiplosis

maculipennis 549

PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

by the

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

Vol.90 Washington: 1941 No. 3106

NEW FISHES OF THE FAMILY CALLIONYMIDAE, MOSTLY
PHILIPPINE, OBTAINED BY THE UNITED STATES BU-
REAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER "ALBATROSS"

By Henry W. Fowler

In my studies of the Indo-Pacific fishes of the family Calhonymidae,
with special reference to those of the Phihppines, I found a number of
interesting new species in the collections of the United States National
Museum. These are described and figured herein, with the same
methods employed as in an earlier paper.' Each figure is drawn in
lateral view, with an insert showing a dorsal view of the head and
predorsal region and a ventral view showing the under surface of the
head, together with the chest and breast. The head is measured to
the gill opening.

ANALYSIS OF GENERA

a'. Two distinct dorsal fins.

6'. Callionyminae. No supraorbital tentacle; body smooth.
cK Lateral line single.

dK Gill opening superior, above opercle; ventral without free ray.

eK Ventral with last membrane connected to middle of base of pectoral.
/'. Gill opening exposed, superior on neck; opercular membrane not
free posteriorly.

.g'. Lateral line simple Callionymus

g^. Lateral line jointed Paracallionymus

/-. Gill opening above or hidden by opercle; opercular membrane

forms free flap posteriorly Synchiropus

C-. Ventral with last membrane not united with pectoral; gill opening
hidden by opercle Eleutherochir

1 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 85, pp. 31-135, ftps. l-(il. 1938.

Z PROCEEDINGS OF THE XATIOXAL MUSEUM vol. 90

(P. Gill opening behind opercle; opercular membrane without free lobe;
ventral with free ray, posterior part of fin with ventral membrane

united to middle of anterior pectoral base Dactylopus

c2. Two lateral lines Dicallionymus

62. Amorinae. Each eye with long tentacle above; gill opening behind pre-

opercular spine; body spinulose Amora

a2. Draculinae. Only one dorsal, corresponds to second dorsal of other gen-
era Draculo

Callionyminae, new subfamily

Type genus. — Callionymus Linnaeus.

No supraorbital tentacle. Body smooth. Two distinct dorsal fins.

Genus CALLIONYMUS Linnaeus

ANALYSIS OF SPECIES

a'. Maxillary entire, without serrae.

61. First dorsal spines not prolonged, or but little longer than first ray of second
dorsal,

ci. Chest and breast dark or blackish brown umbri thorax

c2. Chest and breast pale to whitish like rest of under surface of body.

d>. Preopercular spine slender, straight, with 7 to 9 small antrorse serrae
along its inner edge.
eJ. Parietal region rather coarsely rugose; snout but little longer than

eye scabriceps

e^. Parietal region with more obscure and radiating striae; snout much

longer than eye . boleogenys

d?. Preopercular spine more robust, with 4 recurved denticles; eye

greatly exceeds short muzzle raarisinensis

d?. Preopercular spine with 2 recurved denticles; eye subequal with

muzzle '. hudsoni

■6*. Spines of first dorsal more or less prolonged or filamentous.

/'. Only first dorsal spine free terminally or prolonged.

g^. Eye subequal with muzzle; inner edge of preopercular spine
with 4 or 5 antrorse spinules.

h}. Preopercular spine inserted close behind eye longi

h?. Preopercular spine inserted well behind eye, or nearer gill

opening than eye brunneus

g^. Eye 2 in muzzle; preopercular spine with 7 antrorse spinules

along its inner edge punctilateralis

p. First 2 dorsal spines elongated; preopercular spine with 4 recurved

denticles keeleyi

p. First 3 dorsal spines elongated filaments; preopercular spine short,
curved, with 2 curved denticles on inner edge, -distethommatus
a^. Maxillary with outer edge denticulate in males, entire in females; preopercular
spine long, with 4 recurved denticles on its inner edge; chest with a con-
trasted white band on each side and approximating forward.

leu c ob ran chi alls

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER 6

CALLIONYMUS UMBRITHORAX, new species

Figure 1

Depth 7; head 3}^, long as wide. Snout 3 in head; eye 3, subequal
with snout; maxillary not quite reaching eye, entire; mouth cleft short,
reaches halfway to eye, lower jaw very slightly shorter and included in
upper jaw; lips narrow; teeth very minute, villiform, in moderate
bands in both jaws; interorbital very narrow bony frenum, with
longitudinal groove. Preopercular spine large, nearly long as eye, ends

H.W.F.del,

Figure I. — Callionymus umhrithorax, new species. Type.

incurved in point followed by four recmwed denticles along its inner
edge, and a small subbasal denticle in front pointing forward.

Lateral line complete, high along side of back, simple.

D. IV-10, I fh-st spine 1% in head, fh'st ray l)i; A. 9, i, first ray 3;
caudal 2)^ in rest of fish, cuneate; least depth of caudal peduncle 5 in
head; pectoral 1^, rays 17; ventral rays I, 5, fin 1}^ in head. Anal
papilla elongate, conic, length half of eye.

Color in alcohol, rather light brovm above, with many obscure or
faint darker rings and arcs on trunk and tail above. Six dark- to
blackish-brown spots close below along lateral line. Various blackish-
brown spots scattered about upper surface of head ; pair on each side
of snout, 2 each side before preopercular spine, and several on opercle
especially distinct. Under surface of body largely whitish. Breast and
chest blackish brown, dark area extending between bases of vcntrals.

4 PROCGEEDINGS OF THE NATIOIfAL MUSEUM vol. 90

First dorsal shaded with dark brown, and large black ocellus on second
membrane. Second dorsal largely transparent, with dark basal spot
in front. Anal dark brown marginally, pale basally. Caudal white,
with 10 transverse rows of dark-brown spots, these chiefly on mem-
branes. Pectoral transparent, with 2 dark spots subbasally above.
Ventral becomes dark brown terminally, also with some ill-defined
scattered brown spots on rays.

Philippines. A species defined chiefly by the dark-brown color of
the breast of the male. It is quite different from Callionymus maldi-
vensis Regan,^ the males of which are said to have an oblong blackish
blotch on the tkroat. Callionymus margaretae Regan,^ based on
material 47 mm. long without caudal, is described with an oblong
blackish or triangular patch on the throat in the male. It differs in
the male having the first dorsal spine produced in a filament 2% in the
fish excluding the caudal. Its preopercular spine is said to be straiglit,
with serrated inner edge and forwardly directed spinous extension at
base in front.

Type.— U.S.N. M. No. 99433. D. 5345. Cliff Island, S. 43° E.,
4.4 miles (lat. 10°50' N., long. 119°22'03" E.), Malampaya Sound,
Palawan Island. December 26, 1908. In 7 fathoms. Length 47
mm. Male.

Paratype.— U.S.N. M. No. 99434. Same data. Length 38 mm.
Female.

(umbra, dark place + thorax.)

CALLIONYMUS SCABBICEPS, new species

Figure 2

Depth 6; head 3%, length iKo in width. Snout 2% in head; eye 2%,
subequal with snout, well protruded on upper profile of head; maxillary
reaches three-fourths to eye, entire; mouth cleft reaches halfway to
eye, upper jaws greatly protractile and mandible shorter or included in
upper jaw; teeth very fine, minute, villiform, in narrow bands in jaws;
no interorbital space, eyes closely set in apposition. Preopercular
spine long, slender, greater than orbit, inner edge with eight antrorse
spinules, and small spine at front of base directed forward.

Lateral line elevated, high along side of back, complete. Along
and above course of lateral line four short vertical bars of papillae or
pores, last over caudal peduncle before caudal fin base. Parietal
region of head with striate rugae, rather coarse and irregular.

D. IV-9, I, first spine 1% in head, first ray 1%; A. 8, i, first ray 2^;
caudal 2% in rest of fish, cuneate ; least depth of caudal peduncle 4 in

> Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 2, voL 12, ZooL, p. 247, pi. 30, flg. 3, 1908 (type locality: Maldives, S.
Nilandu. in 30 to 36 fathoms).

3 Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 16, No. 2, p. 326, pi. 3, fig. 3, 1905 (type locality; Muscat, in 15 to 30
fathoms).

NEW PHILTPPIN'E CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER 5

bead; pectoral rays 19, fin 1 in head; ventral 3 in fish without caudal,
ra^/s I, 5.

Color in alcohol, back brown, with six darker saddlelikc cross bands,
though ill-defined and more or less obscured by paler rings or blotches,
the various shades producing more or less mottled appearance above.
Dark-brown blotches also on sides of head and prepectoral region.
Eye gray-brown, with darker mottling and spots. Under surface of
body uniform whitish. First dorsal with dark-brown spots, obscurely
ocellated with paler and with some h'regular white spots on last two
membranes. Second dorsal transparent, with three and sometimes

H. W. F. del

Figure 2.-^Callionymus scahriceps, new species. Type.

fom' longitudinal rows of black ocelli, subbasal and median series most
contrasted. Anal with rays tipped white and submarginallj'- dark
brown, shading paler basally on fin. Caudal transparent, with eight
transverse dark-brown bands on lower two-thirds of fin, and in each
band brownish-black spot, only distinct as fin is expanded. Pectoral
largely colorless. Ventral variegated with brown, as pale to whitish
spots, producing a mottled appearance.

Philippines. Distinguished by its combination of characters, espe-
cially the prominent long slender attenuated preopercular spine, which
is \% times the eye and furnished with 8 antrorsc spinules along its
inner edge, besides a small spine directed forward at its base in front.
Top of head rugose. Snout subequal with eye.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

TV^e.— U.S.N.M. No. 99406. Jolo, Jolo Islands. February 8,
1908. Length, 58 mm.

Paratype.—lJ.S.l<iM. No. 99407. Surigao, Mindanao. Fifty-foot
seine. May 8, 1908. Length, 38 mm.

{scaber, rough +«€0aX77, head.)

CALLIONYMUS BOLEOGENYS, new species

Figure 3

Depth 7K; head S%, width 1% in its length. Snout 2}i in head; eye
2^0, 1% in snout; maxillary reaches four-fifths to eye, entire; mouth

H. W. F. del.

Figure 3. — Callionymus holeogenys, new species. Type.

cleft reaches two-fifths to eye, long premaxillaries well protruded and
a little protractile, lower jaw shorter; teeth very minute, villiform, in
narrow bands in jaws, none on palate ; interorbital narrow bony frenum,
with median longitudinal shallow concave groove. Preopercular
spine long, straight, slender, ends in short spine and also short basal
spine directed forward; eight fine antrorse serrae along inner edge.

Lateral line complete, high along side of back, and continued on
caudal base. Parietals with very fine or weak radiating striae.

D. IV-8, I, first spine l)i in head, first ray \)i; A. 7, i, first ray 2)^;
caudal 3}^ in rest of fish, cuneate, with upper rays graduated shorter;
least depth of caudal peduncle 4; pectoral \)i, rays 15; ventral rays I,
5, fin equals head. Anal papilla small, short, depressed or subconic
fleshy point.

NEW PHILIPPINE OALLIONYMIDAE FQi^VLER 7

Color in alcohol, back and upper surfaces very pale bro\\Ti, washed
with rose, with still paler to whitish blotches, ringed areas and irregular
and slightly darker arcs, circles, etc. Eye gray-white, with pink tinge
above, and variegated with gray to dark gray. Under surface of body
uniform whitish, with six longitudinal gray bands, variable and irregu-
lar. Caudal with seven rows of large blackish blotches on lower half.
Fins otherwise all pale to transparent.

Pliilippines. Characters of distinction are the long, slender pre-
opercular spine which equals the eye, protractile mouth, very pale
coloration washed with rose and with pale to whitish spots. The low
first dorsal has gray longitudinal lines and narrow bands.

TVpe.— U.S.N.M. No. 99408. Pandanan Island. Seine, 130 feet.
March 23, 1909. Length 51 mm.

Paratope. — U.S. 'NM. No. 99409. Same data. Length 32 mm.

(j3oXts, diirt-\-ykvv<i, cheek ; with reference to the slender preopercular
spine.)

CALLIONYMUS MARISINENSIS. new species

Figure 4

Depth 8}i; head 4, length 1}^ in its width. Snout 4 in head; eye
2Ko, about twice snout length, enters upper profile of head; maxillary
reaches front eye edge, miarmed; mouth cleft reaches halfway to eye,
lower jaw slightly shorter or included in upper jaw; teeth minute,
villiform, firm, simple, in narrow bands in each jaw; interorbital
narrow firm bony keel and separating eyes. Preopercular spine long
as eye, ends in rather short and slightly curved in spme, followed by
thi'ee or four more slightly recurved spines along its inner edge, first
longest and fourth (anterior) smallest; at base in front short spine
directed forward. Gill opening superior, small, about half long as
pupil.

Lateral line high along side of back, simple, complete to caudal base.

D. IV-9, I, fu'st spine 1^ in head, first ray IK; A. 9, i, first ray 2%;
caudal 3% in rest of fish, rounded behind; least depth of caudal pe-
duncle 4 in head; pectoral 1, rays 18, fin rounded; ventral rays I, 5,
long as head. Anal papilla short, depressed, pointed.

Color in alcohol, brown above, with innumerable darker brown
lines forming a marbled appearance, due to arcs, curves, rings, and
blotches darker and paler. Iris silvery gray. Under surface of body
uniform whitish. Dorsal dark or gray black with four whitish
oblique bands. Soft dorsal pale or whitish, with faint brown spots on
each ray. Anal pale or whitish. Caudal pale, with six brown spots
on each membrane, forming dark transverse bands in retracted fin.
Paired fins pale, pectoral with brown cross lines and ventral with
faint brown spots on each ray.

PROCEEDINGS OF 'THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

China Sea. Greatly resembles Callionymus hudsoni, but with an
entirely different preoperciilar spine long as eye.

Type.—V.S.NM. No. 99410. China Sea, vicinity of Hong Kong,
lat. 21°44' N., long. 114°48' E. In 34 fathoms. August 9, 1908.
Length 48 mm. [D. 5303.]

H. W. F. del

Figure 4. — Callionymus marisinensis, new species. Type.

Porafype.— U.S.N.M. No. 99411. Tinakta Island (N.), S. 80° W.,
3.3 mUes (lat. 5°12'30" N., long. 119°55'50" E.). February 21, 1908.
Length 36 mm [D. 5157.]

(marisinensis, of China Sea.)

CALLIONYMUS HUDSONI, new species

Figure 5

Depth Q%; head '3%, width 1%. Snout 3/8 in head (m profile) ; eye 3,
slightly greater than snout; maxillary not reaching eye, length 4K in
head; mouth cleft 5% in head from snout tip, extends halfway to eye,
lower jaw well protruded in front; teeth very minute, in narrow villi-
form band, firm, more easily felt than seen without a lens; interorbital
narrow, with large eyes set close. Preopercle ends in spine directed
up and back, with small one at base in front and two large, subequal,
recurved spines along its hind edge. Gill opening small, high, faces
upward.

Lateral line high, complete, simple.

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER \)

D. IV-9, I, first 2 spines end in short filaments, first spine IY2 in
total head length, first ray 1^^; A. 7, i, first ray 2%; caudal 1, rounded
or convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 4%; pectoral iKo,
rays 18; ventral rays I, 5, fin 2% in fish without caudal.

Color in alcohol, very pale gray brown above, with slightly darker
variable spots, blotches, and bars. Iris silvery to coppeiy gray.
Entire under surfaces of head and body white. Fins all largely whitish.
First dorsal with dark or blackish brown blotch on most membranes
marginally. Few scattered pale brown spots on ventral rays.

^^^^-'^~—

H. W. F. del.

Figure 5. — Callionymus hudsoni, new species. Type,

Known only from the Philippines. Characterized by its moderate
caudal, large ventrals, and coloration, the inner edge of the preoper-
cular spine with only two recurved hooks.

r?/2Jg.— U.S.N.M. No. 99412. Pandanan Island. Seine, 130 feet.
March 23, 1909. Length 35 mm.

Para^?/pes.— U.S. N.M. No. 99415. Cabugao Bay, Catanduanes
Island. From seine. June 9, 1909. Length 40 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99417. Cebu market, Cebu. March 20, 1909.
Length 50 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99414.
1908. Length 38 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99416.

Mantacao Island. From seine. April 8,
Port San Vicente, Luzon side (beach).

November 18, 1908. Seine 130 feet. Length 29 mm.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

U.S.N.M. No. 99413. Reef opposite Cebii, Cebu Island. AprU 7,
1908. Length 44 mm.

(Named for Capt. Charles B. Hudson, whose valuable figures of
Japanese dragonets were published in 1903.)

CALUONYMUS LONGI, new species

Figure 6

Depth 9; head 4Ko, length iKo in its width. Snout 2%, in head;
eye 2%, subequal with snout; maxillary nearly reaches orbit, length
3)8 in head; mouth cleft reaches tlu-ee-sevenths to eye, lower jaw

Tnrrt.

H.W.F.del

Figure 6. — Callionymus longi, new species. Type.

shorter or included m upper; teeth villiform, fine, close set, simple,
conic, in bands in jaws, narrowing along sides of jaws; interorbital
bony frenum separating large close set eyes. Preopercular spine very
long, slender, but slightly ciu*ved and ends behmd in a long slender
spine, fom* low broad spinules along its inner edge, and small
forward directed basal spine in front.

Lateral line complete, high along side of back, with loop above
close before caudal fin, and extendmg out on caudal base. Occiput
finely striate, with striae not greatly developed.

D. IV-9, 1, first spine slender, ends in free filament 3% in fish without
caudal; A. 9, i, first ray 2% m head measured to gill opening; least
depth of caudal peduncle 4K; pectoral Iji, rays 20; caudal 2% in rest

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMID'AE FOWLER 11

of fish; ventral 3%, rays I, 5. Anal papilla conic, pointed, nearly
long as pupil.

Color in alcohol, back and upper sui'faces light brown, warmer
tint on trunk and tad. Back also variegated with pale and dark
rings and marbling. Under surfaces of body white, with pale buff
and brown tints. Side of head with rather large brown spots inter-
spersed with white dots and small spots, and on under sides of head
variable, inclined, short white lines and bars. Eyes brown, variegated
with dark blotches above. First dorsal whitish, with black pale-edged
ocelli, on last two membranes largest and with dark to black bands.
Second dorsal pale or transparent with several brown spots on each
ray. Anal transparent. Caudal transparent whitish, with six trans-
verse bars made up of dark-brown spots, chiefly on upper half of fin.
Pectoral white, with small brown spots mostly on upper part of fin.
Ventral pale or whitish, with scattered brown spots on hind half of
fin.

Philippines. Known by the long preopercular spine 1 + % times eye,
ends in a backward dhected barbed point behind; four low broad
spinides along its upper edge and a small basal forward directed spine
in front. The first dorsal spine is an extended filament, little shorter
than head. Entire under surfaces uniformly white.

Type.— [J. S.N. M. No. 99418. Pajumajan Island (W.), S. 2° W.,
2 miles (lat. 5° 22' 55" N., long. 120° 15' 45" E.), Sulu Archipelago,
Tawi Tawi Group. In 34 fathoms. February 18, 1908. Length 98
mm. Biu-eau of Fisheries (No. 22922). [D. 5152.]

(Named for Bayard Long, of the Department of Botany, Academy
of Natiu-al Sciences of Philadelphia, to whom I am indebted for
many American fishes.)

CALLIONYMUS BRUNNEUS, new species

Figure 7

Depth 9)^; head 3%, long as wide. Snout 2% in head; eye 3%, 1%
in snout ; maxiUary reaches halfway to eye, length 4% in head ; mouth
cleft reaches two-fifths to eye, lower jaw included; premaxillaries very
protractile; teeth fine, conic, pointed, villiform, in bands in jaws,
broader anteriorly and on sides narrowing back; interorbital narrow
bony frenura, separating large closely set eyes. Preopercular spine
large, slender, slightly longer than eye, nearly straight, ends in
slender long spine, with five recurved denticles along inner edge, and
small subbasal denticle in front directed forward.

Lateral line complete, runs little high along side of back and out on
caudal base. Parietal region smooth, only some very feeble radiating
obscure striae, little visible except under a lens.

PROCEEDING'S OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

D. IV-9, I, first spine 1)^ in head, first ray Iji; A. 9,
caudal Sji in rest of fish, cuneate; least depth of caudal peduncle 4:% in
head; pectoral 1%, rays 19; ventral rays I, 5, fin 3% in fish without
caudal. Anal papilla depressed, narrowly triangular, two-fifths of eye.

Color in alcohol, back and upper surfaces brown, variegated with
slightly darker rings, arcs, circles, and spots, all producing little con-
trast. Under surface of body uniform whitish, with buff and pale-
brown suffusions. Several well-inclined dark-brown bars along lower
side of head and cheek. Opercle with brown spots, these extending on
connecting membrane below to ventral fin. Obscure brown spots

^.:^^^m^

H.W.F.del

Figure 7. — Callionymus brunneus, new species. Type.

little inclined back and below along side of tail. Eyes gray, brown
above with darker spots and blotches. First dorsal with pale brown
membrane, large black blotch on two last membranes, with several
dark streaks on fu'st two membranes. Second dorsal transparent,
greatly variegated with dark brown spots, ocelli and blotches. Anal
transparent basally, with blackish brown shading terminally on each
membrane and lower edge of each interradial membrane white in
front. Caudal pale to whitish with six transverse dark bars, mostly
made up of spots. Pectoral whitish, upper portion with small numer-
ous dark-brown spots. Ventral whitish basally, dark brown termin-
ally, upper outer surfaces also thickly spotted with still deeper brown
Philippines. A species easily known by its general brown appear-
ance. Its long slender straight preopercular spme ends in a slender

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER 13

spine directed straight back, with five small antrorse spines along its
upper edge, and a small spine directed forward from its base. First
dorsal spine a little longer than tlie others in the male and less than
the head. Last two dorsal membranes black and anal with a black
siibmarginal line.

Type.— V.S.N M. No. 99419. Balayan Bay, Taal. January 19,
1908. From fishermen's seine. Length 80 mm.

Paratypes. — U.S.N.M. No. 99420. Same data as for type. Length
67 to 78 mm. Seven specimens.

U.S.N.M. No. 99421. Subig Bay, Subig, southern Luzon. From
seine. January 7, 1908. Length 34 to 52 mm. Two specimens.

(brunneus, brown.)

CALLIONYMDS PUNCTILATERALIS, new epecicB

Figure 8

Depth 8; head 4%, length %o of width. Snout 2 in head; eye 4, 2 in
snout; maxillary reaches two-thirds to eye, ridges and edges entire;
mouth cleft reaches halfway to eye, lower jaw slightly shorter and
included in upper when mouth is closed; teeth in villiform bands in
jaws, bands broken anteriorly; teeth strong, fu-m, conic, close set, and
in quite narrow bands on sides of jaws; interorbital narrow, concave,
width about equals diameter of pupil. Preopercular spine slender,
1% times eye, ends in point behind; seven recurved small denticles
along inner edge; small basal spine directed forward. Gill opening
small, an orbital diameter behind eye.

Lateral line complete, but little waved or undulate, high along side
of back. Parietals each with radiating striae.

D. IV-9, 1, first spine largely detached, prolonged, 3% in fish without
caudal, first ray 1% in head; A. 9, i, first ray 2J^; caudal 2% in rest of
fish; least depth of caudal peduncle 3K in head; pectoral rays 20, fin
iKo in head; ventral rays I, 5, fin 3% in fish without caudal. Anal
papilla slender, tapering, depressed, three-fourths length of orbit.

Color in alcohol, burnt umber or warm brown above, variegated
with many close-set intricated darker marblings, arcs, circles, and
vermiculating lines. Lower surfaces uniform whitish. All along
sides of head and body very numerous thickly strewn, dark to black-
ish-brown spots. On lower side of head and thorax spots larger or as
blackish blotches, especially contrasted with whitish of under surfaces.
Iris gray, variegated with darker spots on orbit above. First dorsal
with first and second membranes largely white, marked with some
black white-ringed ocelli; other membranes blackish, with four or five
oblique whitish lines. Second dorsal with graj^ to black ocelli, variable
on fm membranes. Anal largelj'' shaded gray-brown below or toward
margins. Caudal marked with large white-ringed ocelli on greater

PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

upper portions, and fin otherwise with variable more or less transverse
gray waved parallel lines or narrow bands. Pectoral whitish, with
numerous small blackish-brown spots on upper part. Ventral whitish,
rays dark brown terminally and axillary membrane finely spotted with
black.

Philippines. Known by its small dark spots scattered over the side
of the body in the male.

H.W.F.del.

Figure 8. — Calltonymus punctilateralis, new species. Type.

Type.— One example. U.S.N.M. No. 99422. Tigbauan, Panay
Island. May 14, 1929. Male. Length 162 mm.

Paraty pes. —Four examples. U.S.N.M. Nos. 99423 and 99424.
Below mouth of Mindanao River, Cotabato, Mindanao. Seine.
May 20, 1908. Two males and two females. Length 52 to 84 mm.

(punctum, spot -\- lateralis, of the side.)

CALLIONYMUS KEELEYI, new species

Figure 9

Depth 7%; head 3%, long as wide. Snout 2% in head; eye 3%, IK in
snout; maxillary concealed; mouth cleft reaches halfway to eye, low^er
jaw little shorter; teeth villiform, fine, conic, simple, in rather wide
short bands in jaws, form narrow band along each side of jaw; man-
dible shallow, rami not elevated inside mouth; interorbital narrow
bonj'- ridge separating large close set eyes. Preopercular spine % of

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE ^Ol^VX,ER

eye, ends in small slightly recurved denticle, four more mostly larger
ones along inner edge, and small basal denticle in front pointing
forward.

Lateral line complete, high along side of back, simple, and extends
out on caudal base. Parietal region smooth.

D. IV-9, I, first 2 spines prolonged into long filaments, first longer
or 1% in fish without caudal, first ray VA in head; A. 9, i, first ray 2%;
least depth of caudal peduncle 4; pectoral 1%, rays 19; ventral rays I,
5, fin Sji in fish without caudal; caudal 1%. Anal papilla conic,
simple, depressed, long as pupil.

Color in alcohol, back and upper surfaces brown, variegated with
darker and paler marblings. Eight diffuse or obscure median darker

Figure 9. — Callioyiymus keeleyi, new species. Type.

blotches on back. Sides of head and body with more defined and
contrasted dark spots on sides. Eyes gray, with silvery tints and
darker markings. All under surfaces of body immaculate whitish.
First dorsal dark gray to gray-black, especially on second and thu'd
membranes; some paler longitudinal lines on fu-st two membranes.
Second dorsal transparent, with scattered dark spots or specks on
rays. Anal pale, dark to blackish brown m.arginally. Caudal whitish,
gray terminally, and with a dozen irregular transverse rows of dark to
kackish spots. Pectoral whitish, with numerous small, irregular,
blackish-brov/n spots above. Ventral pale to whitish basally, dark
to blackish brown termuially, and inner half of fin with connecting
membrane marked with small dark to blackish dots.

16 PROCEEDINOS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Philippines. Known by the orbit 1}^ in snout and first dorsal with
two spines elongate filaments, fin dark, on last membrane black with
white lines. Caudal with a dozen rows of dark spots and anal border
black. Pectoral with many fine dark spots and ventral blackish
terminally.

Type.— U.S.N. M. No. 99425. Cebii. April 17, 1929. Lt. H. C.
Kellers. Length 80 mm.

(Named for Frank J. Keeley, of the department of mineralog}^,
Academy of Natm-al Sciences of Philadelphia.)

CALLIONYMUS SCHAAPII Bleeker

Figure 10

Callionymus schaapii Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. -Indie, vol. 3, p. 455, 1852
(type locality: Banka). — Gunther, Catalogue of fishes in the British Museum,
vol. 3, p. 148, 1861 (copied). — Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amster-
dam, ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 94, 1879 (Singapore; Banka; Java).

Depth 7% to 8K; head 4:% to 4%, length lYi in its width to width 1}^ in
its length. Snout 3 to 3% in head; eye 3}^ to 3%, subequal with snont;
maxillary reaches three-fifths to eye, entire; mouth cleft with rictus
halfway in snout, lower jaw little shorter than upper, which protrudes
in front; teeth very small, fine, simple, conic, close set, villiform, in
narrow bands in each jaw; interorbital narrow, concave, with median
longitudinal groove, bony width wide as pupil. Preopercular spine
large, bent, ends in small terminal point, also similar small basal
point in front directed forward, and along inner edge four or five
rather large recurved denticles.

Lateral line high along back to caudal base, simple and continuous
with loop above over caudal peduncle posteriorly, Parietals with
fine, narrow striae.

D, IV-9, I, first spines end in long filaments, second spine 1% to Sji
in fish without caudal, first ray 1% to 1% in head; A, 9, i, first ray 2%
to 2%; caudal 2% to 3 in rest of fish, convex behind; least depth of
caudal peduncle 3K to 4 in head; pectoral iKo to 1 + Ko, rays 20;
ventral rays I, 5, fin slightly longer than head to twice length of
head. Anal papilla simple, conic, three-sevenths of eye.

Color in alcohol, dull brown above, with many obscure darker
spots, specks, and blotches; also many arcs, rings, and circles on
trunk and tail above; on tail form four obscure dark saddles, Dark-
bro^vn spot about half size of orbit, on opercular flap. Dorsals and
anals largely transparent. Caudal with five transverse darker bars.
Pectoral with five or six dark transverse bars, more or less forming-
imperfect pale rings over upper part of fin. Ventral pale to whitish,
each ray with four or five brown spots.

KEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER

H.W.F.del

Figure lO.—CaUionymus schaapii Blecker.

H.W.F.del.

Figure U. — Callionymus distethommatus, new species. Type.

274411—41 2

18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE KATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

East Indies, Philippines. Resembles Callionymus hudsoni and
Callionymus marisinensis but differs in having the preopercular spine

1 + /^ times the eye, first three dorsal spines filamentous and pro-
longed, also the head striate behind eye. The species may be known
by the very conspicuous ocellated black blotch below and before the
pastoral origin.

Fifteen examples: Buenavista, Guimaras Island. Seine. January
14, 1909. Length 54 to 88 mm.

One example. Cebu. April 14, 1921. Lt. H. C. Kellers. Length
70 mm.

Four examples. Iloilo market, Panay. March 28, 1908. Length
57 to 85 mm.

CALLIONYMUS DISTETHOMMATUS, new species

Figure 11

Depth 7M; head 4, broad as long. Snout o% in head; eye 3%, in-
vades upper profile of head; maxillary reaches below front of eye,
length 3K in head; mouth cleft reaches two-thirds to eye, greatly
protractile down and forward; teeth fine, villiform, in narrow bands
in jaws; interorbital very narrow frenum, or bony ridge with median
fine longitudinal groove, separating two large close-set eyes. Pre-
opercle with moderate spine, ends in recurved denticle and followed
by two others along hind edge; small basal spine in front directed
forward.

Lateral line high along upper side of body, simple, complete.
Parietal with very fine rugae.

D. IV-8, 1, spines all prolonged in filaments so third 1% in fish with-
out caudal, first ray 1% in head; A. 7, i, first ray 2%; least depth of
caudal peduncle 4; pectoral 1, rays 18; ventral rays I, 5, fin 2% in
fish without caudal; caudal 2%, cuneate. Anal papiUa conic, slender,

2 in orbit.

Color in alcohol, pale or light grayish above variegated with gray-
brown and brown, forming five transverse dark bars or blotches on
back. Snout pale above. Many small black to blackish-brown ocelli
scattered on sides of head and top of head and on fins, also two below
head at front of branchiostegal region. Iris gray and pearly. First
dorsal with large black ocellus on third membrane. Second dorsal
with some faint dark spots on rays. Anal blackish brown marginally.
Caudal pale to whitish, with large pearly ocellus basally and many
dark ocelli on lower and terminal part of fin. Pectoral largely whitish,
only very faint trace of gray spots. Ventral whitish, grayish
terminally and each ray with a few dark spots.

Philippines. A very handsome and ornamental species, with very
definite color pattern.

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOAVLER 19

Type.— U.S.N. M. No. 99426. Cebii market. August 28, 1909,
Length 69 mm. Male. [1835.]

Paratypes.—V .S.N .M. No. 99429. Cebu market, Cebu. ISIarch
20, 1909. Length 40 mm. Female.

U.S.N.M. No. 99431. Cebu m.arkct. March 28, 1909. Length
41 mm. Male.

U.S.N.M. No. 99428. Cebu market. August 26, 1909. Length
52 to 58 mm. Males. Three examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99427. Cebu market. August 28, 1909. Length
45 to — mm. Males. Two examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99432. Guijulugan, Tanon Strait, east coast of
Negros. Shore seme. April 2, 1908. Males. Length 48 to 59 mm.
Two examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99430. Port Matalvi, off western Luzon. Seine
150 feet. November 23, 1908. Females. Length 35 to 42 mm.
Two examples.

{8is, twice + (jT^Oos, breast + ^fifia, eye; with reference to the
double ocellated spot on each side of breast.)

CALLIONYMUS LEUCOBRANCHIALIS, new species

Figures 12 (male), 13 (female)

Depth 8K to 10%; head 3%o to 4:%, long as wide. Snout 2% to 3 m
head; eye 2% to 3, subequal with snout; maxillary reaches seven-
eighths to eye or little below front of eye; outer ridge in males with row
of denticles, entire in female; mouth cleft horizontal, rictus three-
sevenths in space to eye; lower jaw slightly included in male, jaws
subequal or lower slightly protrudes in female; teeth fine, minute,
villiform, crowded and in narrow bands in both jaws; interorbital
narrow bony frenum, with longitudinal groove, bony width about half
diameter of pupil. Preopercular spine long as eye, ends in short
curved point behmd, with three or four recurved denticles along its
inner edge, and short denticle basal in front directed forward.

Lateral line complete, distinct, extends high along side of back
out on caudal base, with or without loop over caudal peduncle above
and just before caudal base. Parietal region smooth, radiating striae
feeble and not very distinct.

D. IV-9, I, or 10, I, spines all prolonged into slender free filaments
terminally reaching well mto caudal base in males, first dorsal spine
VA in head in females, first dorsal ray 1% to 1%; A. 9, i, first ray 2Ko
to 2% in males; caudal nearly long as rest of fish, in females caudal
3 m rest of fish; least depth of caudal peduncle 4% to 5 in total head
length; pectoral greater than head in males or 3% in fish without caudal,
subequal with head in females, rays 17 or 18; ventral rays I, 5, fin
3% in fish without caudal or 1}^ in head. Anal papilla long, slender.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

H.W.F.deI.

Figure 12. — Callionymus leucobranchialis. Type. Male.

xe-r-.

H.W.F.deI.

Figure 13. — Callionymus leucobranchialis. Paratype. Female.

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE^ FOWLER 21

Color in alcohol, light brown, on back with many faint and in-
distinct brown rings, arcs, and mottlings. Under surfaces largely-
whitish. Groove of lower lip each side of mandible, dark brown.
Throat, chest, and breast rather light to pale brown, with strongly
contrasted white gills. Iris silvery gray, with brown variable lines or
arcs. First dorsal variegated with white marks on dark gray -brown
backgroimd in male, less contrasted in female. Second dorsal pale or
transparent whitish, with dull brownish spots on rays. Anal similar
to second dorsal, or with oblique dark streaks below. Caudal pale or
whitish basally, with five to seven transverse series of large rounded
dark-brown spots, in closed fin forming transverse bands; terminally
fin darker or brown with still darker mottling or obscure blotches.
Pectoral pale, with about nine transverse brown lines. Ventral
whitish basally and marked with many inconspicuous brown spots;
fin gray black terminally.

Philippines. Apparently approaches Callionymus neptunia Scale ^
l)ased on examples 160 to 190 mm. It differs from that species in the
preopercular spine robust, but with the terminal spine small and
straight anterior basal spine directed forward well developed, and only
four large strong denticles along the upper edge of the spine. More-
over the four dorsal spines are greatly elongated and reach the basal
part of the caudal fin. The coloration is also different.

Type.— V.S.N.M. No. 99393. San Fernando Point Light, N. 39°E.,
8.4 miles (lat. 16°30'36" N., long. 120°11'06" E.), west coast of
Luzon. In 45 fathoms. May 11, 1909. Length 99 mm.

Paratypes.—V .S.N M. No. 99399. Same data as for type. Length
43 to 97 mm. Six specimens.

U.S.N.M. No. 99400. Bacoor, Luzon. Seine. June 15, 1908.
Length 60 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99395. Same data as precedmg. Four specimens.
Length 38 to 59 mm.

Other specimens. — U.S.N.M. No. 99403. Bolalo Bay, Malampaya
Sound, Palawan Island. Dynamite. December 21, 1908. Length
42 to 73 mm. Two examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99394, Cavite and San Koque markets. June 27,
1908. Length 53 mm. 12819.

U.S.N.M. No. 99396. Cebu market. April 5, 1908. Length 73
mm. 8564.

U.S.N.M. No. 99401. Manila Bay, Luzon. December 12, 1908.
Length 42 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99402. Manila Harbor, Luzon. Seine of 34 feet.
March 16, 1908. Length 68 mm.

U.S.N.M. No. 99397. Outside harbor wall, Manila Bay, Luzon,
Dredge. December 12, 1907. Length 40 to 43 mm. Three examples.

* Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 4, No. 6, p. 539, 1909 (type locality: Balayan Bay, Luzon).

22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

U.S.N.M. No. 99404. Philippines. Length 48 to 65 mm. Two
examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99405. D. 5442. San Fernando Point Light, N.
39° E., 8.4 miles (lat. 16°30'36" N., long. 120°11'6'' E.), west coast
Luzon. May 11, 1909. Length 28 to 73 mm. Five examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 99398. Sandakan Bay, Borneo. Seine. March 2,
1908. Length 58 to 66 mm. Three examples.

{XevKos, white +/8pd7xtQ;, gills)

Besides the above several other mteresting species in the collection
are:

CALUONYMUS SAGITTA Pallas

Callionymus sagitta Pallas, Spicilegia zoologica, vol. 8, p. 29, pi. 4, figs. 4-5, 1770'
(type locality: Amboyna). — Jordan and Richardson, Bull. U. S. Bur.
Fisher., vol. 27, p. 283, 1908 (Manila). — Borodin, Bull. Vanderbilt Marine
Mus., vol. 1, art. 2, p. 61, 1930 (Manila Bay).— Herrb, Fishes Herre 1931
Philippine Expedition, p. 94, 1934 (Manila).

22169. Davao, Mindanao. May 16, 1908. Length 58 rmn.
One example. Cebu. April 24, 1909. Lt. H. C. Kellers. Length
66 mm.

callionymus BENITEGURI Jordan and Snyder

Callionymus benileguri Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 23, p,
370, pi. 17, 1900 (type locality: Tokyo Bay). — Jordan and Fowler, ibid.,
vol. 25, p. 956, 1903 (Misaki, Otaru, Wakanoura, Kobe, Hakodate, Aomori,
Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Matsushima Bay).— Jordan and Hubbs, Mem.
Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, No. 2, p. 317, 1925 (Toba, Kobe, Tatoku Island,
Mikawa Bay). — Schmidt, Trans. Pacific Committee Acad. Sci. U. S. S. R.,
p. 143, 1931 (NagasaKi).

Calliurichthys beniteguri Franz, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., vol. 4, Suppl. Band 1,
p. 84, 1910 (Yokohama).

U.S.N.M. No. 49402. Bay of Tokyo, Japan. K. Otaki. Length
185 mm. Type.

One example. Miyazaki, Japan. Rev. Cyrus A. Clark. Oberlin
College. Length 105 mm.

CALUONYMUS VALENCIENNEI Schlegel

Callionymus valenciennei Schlegel, Siebold's Fauna Japonica, Poissons, pts. 7-9,..
p. 153, pi. 78, fig. 3, 1845 (type locality: Nagasaki, Japan). — Jordan and
Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, No. 2, p. 317, 1925 (Kobe, Toba).

Callionymus valenciennesi Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2,
vol. 3, p. 238, 1869 (Japan).

Calliurichthys valenciennesi Franz, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., vol. 4, Suppl. Band
1, p. 84, 1910 (Sagami Bay; Aburatsubo).

Callionymus japonicus (not Houttuyn) Valenciennes, Histoire naturelle de
poissons, vol. 12, p. 299, 1837 (Japan).

Callionymus simplicicornis Valenciennes, ibid., p. 303, 1837 (type locality:
Guam) .

Callionyjuus reevesi (part) Richardson, Zoolog}^ of the voyage of H. M. S. Sul-
phur, Ichthyology, p. 60, pi. 36, 1844 (female; on drawing made in Canton,
not type).

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOAVLER

Callionymus flagris Jordan and Fowler, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 25, p. 952,
fig. 7, 1903 (type locality: Tsuruga; Tokyo; Aomori; Kobe; Nagasaki; Owari
Bay; Matsushima Bay),

Two examples. China. A. de W. Sowerby. Length 64 to 75 mm.
Genus SYNCHIROPUS GILL

ANALYSIS OF SPECIES

o'. Second dorsal elevated; pectoral long, reaches halfway to caudal pallidus

a^. Second dorsal lower; pectoral moderate, reaches Yi to caudal griimellj

SYNCHIROPUS PALLIDUS. new species

Figure 14

Depth 6K; head Sji, wide as long. Snout 4 in head (in profile) to
gill opening; eye 2%, greatly exceeds snout; maxillary reaches below

mm.

H. W. F. del.

Figure 14. — Synckiropus pallidus, new species. Type.

front of eye, length 3% in head to gill opening, entire; mouth cleft
reaches tlu-ee-fourths in snout, lower jaw very slightly shorter; jaws
greatly protractile down and forward; teeth small, very close set,
villiiorm, in bands in jaws which narrowed posteriorly or along sides
of jaws; bony interorbital narrow, width two-thirds of pupil, shallowly
concave; preopercle spine less than e3^e, curved, ends in slender spine
and rather large forward curved denticle on inner upper edge; no
basal spinule in front.

24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Lateral line complete, simple, extends on caudal base, and its course
little high along side of body. Parietals striate, rather smooth.

D. IV-7, I, first spine terminally free, equals head, first ray 2)2 in
fish without caudal; A. 7, i, first ray 3% in head to gill opening; least
depth of caudal peduncle 4; pectoral l}(o, rays 19; ventral rays I, 5,
fin 3Ko in fish without caudal; caudal 2, cuneate. Anal papilla very
short, conic, simple.

Color in alcohol, very pale brown above, whitish below. Iris copper
color, dark gray on eyes above. Fins all pale to transparent. First
dorsal with eight transverse and slightly inclined pearl-white lines
and about six on caudal.

Known by its very pale general coloration and the second dorsal
with eight transverse, pearly white, wide-spaced, narrow bands, the
caudal with six.

TV^e.— U.S.N.M. No. 99437. No. 1355. Length 190 mm. to end
of broken caudal.

(pallidus, pale.)

SYNCmROPUS GRINNELLI, new species

Figure 15

Depth 6%; head 3%, width 1. Snout 4% in head; eye 2%, greatly
exceeds short obtuse snout, with orbits conspicuously impinging on
upper profile of head; maxillary reaches below front part of orbit;
mouth cleft slopes little down and forward, rictus extending very
nearly opposite front edge of orbit and lower jaw slightly shorter than
upper; teeth small, simple, conic, close set or crowded, uniformly
villifoi-m and in moderate bands in jaws, which little broader anteri-
orly; no teeth on palate; interorbital narrow bony frenum separating
veiy large orbits and traversed by a shallow longitudinal groove.
Preopercular spine large, strong, ends in slightly upturned spine and
another on inner edge recurved, and both invested in connecting mem-
brane. Gill opening rather large, nearly opposite first dorsal origin.

Lateral line complete, high at first along back, posteriorly falls
until axial along middle of side of tail and caudal peduncle on to
caudal base. Parietal areas of cranium osseous, with pits and short
anastomosing radiating bony branches. Preorbital broadly tri-
angular, with fine radiating striae.

D. IV-9, I, first 2 spines with ends flexible and filamentous, first
spine IK in head, first ray 1%; A. 7, i, first ray 3^; caudal cuneate or
hind edge obliquely and slightly convex down to lower branched
rays, which longest and fin 3 in rest of fish; least depth of caudal
peduncle 5 in head; pectoral 1%, rays 20; ventral rays I, 5, length 1
in head Anal papilla very short, depressed, blunt, cutaneous flap.

NEW PHrLTPPIN'E CALLIONYMID.'LE FOi\\T.ER

Color in alcohol, pale buff -brown , inclining to whitish below. Upper
part of back with very faint traces of light blotches or spots, variable
though rather large. Iris grayish. First dorsal whitish, with large
black ocellus terminally on third membrane, and other membranes
with white and brownish shades. Second dorsal pale, with some
pure-white blotches medially or in upper half, in some lights these
markings reflected as brownish. A pale or transparent like second
dorsal, with subterminal dark-brown band, beyond or on edge of nar-
row white line. Caudal transparent with white markings as three
imperfect transverse bands sloping little back, as upper part of fin,

Synchiropus grinnelli, new species. Type.

and two large white basal blotches. Pectoral transparent, with
obscure w^hitish basally and tw^o very imperfect whitish bars above
transversely. Ventral pale to whitish, with two dark blotches on
each ray, outer or subterminal darker, and fin edge narrowly white.

A handsome species with large orbits greatly exceeding length of
snout. Preopercular spine half length of orbit, ends in upturned
spine, besides another spine above slightly bent forward, but no
lower basal spine. The species is known by its peculiar physiognomy,
the greatly enlarged orbits, and bony broad triangular postorbital.
Dorsal and anal both with membranes notched marginally.

T?/i>g.— U.S.N.M. No. 99436. D. 5475. San Bernardino Light,
S. 27° W., 11 miles (lat. 12°55'26" N., long. 124°22'12" E.), east

26 PROCEEDINGS OF 'THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

coast of Luzon, San Bernardino Strait to San Miguel Bay, In 195
fathoms. June 24, 1909. [1699.] Length 118 mm.

(Named for the late Dr. Joseph Grinnell, of the Museum of Verte-
brate Zoology, Berkeley, Calif.)

Besides the above, there are several very handsome specimens of
the following:

SYNCmROPUS OCELLATUS (Pallas)

Callionymus ocellatvs Pallas, Spicilegia zoologica, vol. 8, p. 25, pi. 4, figs. 1-3,
1770 (type locality: Amboina). — Weber, Sihoga Expedition, vol. 57, Fische,
p. 524, 1913 (Beo; Kabaena Island; Ambon; Nusa Laut; Tiiir).

Synchiropus ocellatus Jordan and Richardson, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fisher., vol. 27,
p. 282, 1907 (1908) (Calaj^an).— Herre, Fishes Herre 1931 Philippine Exped.,
p. 94, 1934 (Dumaguete).

Callionymus pundulatus LACi^pfeoE, Histoire naturelle des poissons, vol. 2, pp.
328, 340, 1800 (type locality: No locality).

Three examples. Gubat Bay, Luzon. Tide pools. June 23,
1909. Length 31 to 73 mm. [1693, 1696.]

SYNCmROPUS SPLENDIDUS (Herre)

Callionymus splendidus Herre, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 32, p. 416, 1927 (type

locality, Bungau). — Whitley, Rec. Australian Mus., vol. 16, No. 4, p. 222, pi.

17, figs. 1 a-b, 1927 (Hayman Island reef, Whitsunday Group, Great Barrier

Reef, Queensland).
Synchiropus splendidus Giltay, M^m. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Beige, Hors ser.,

vol. 5, fasc. 3, p. 84, 1933 (reference).

One example. Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Dynamite. Length
70 mm. [1545.]

Genus ELEUTHEROCHIR Bleeker

Eleutherochir Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 14,
p. 103, 1879. (Type, Callionymus opercularioides Bleeker, orthotypic.)

BrachycalUonymus Herre and Myers, in Herre, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
vol. 49, p. 12, 1936. (Type, BrachycalUonymus mirus B.erre = Callionymus
opercularioides Bleeker, orthotypic.)

There is hardly any question that the small specimens named as
BrachycalUonymus mirus Herre are the young of Eleutherochir opercu-
laris.

Eleutherochir differs from the other genera especially in its even
head with straight profile. The gill opening resembles that of Synchi-
ropus, but is larger and hidden under the opercle, which is extended
back in a free-pointed lobe.

ELEUTHEROCmR OPERCULARIS (Valenciennes)

Callionymus opercularis Valenciennes, Histoire naturelle des poissons, vol. 12,
p. (228) 305, 1837 (type locality: "L'embouchure de la riviere d'Arian-
Coupan").— Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, p. 323, 1876 (Pondicherry; Madras).
— Weber, Sihoga Expedition, vol. 57, Fische, p. 522, 1913 (Menado; Ambon).

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMIDAE FOWLER 27

Synchiropus opercularis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1858, p. 130

(reference). — Herre, Fishes Herre 1931 Philippine Expedition, p. 95, 1934

(Lemery) .
Callionymus opercularioides Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indie, vol. 1, p.

(30) 32, 1850 (type locality: Padang, Sumatra).
Eleutherochir opercularioides Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam,

ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 103, 1879 (Sumatra; Bali; Celebes; Batjan; Ceram; Amboi-

na; Guebe).
Brachycallionymus ?mrus Herre, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 49, p. 12, 1936

(type locality: Celebes; Philippines).

Two examples. Camp Overton, Mindanao. August 15, 1909.
Electric light. Length 24 mm.

Nine examples. Malabang. May 2 1,1908. Electric light. Length
20 to 23 mm.

One example. Nato. June 18, 1909. Electric light. Length 24
mm.

One example. Taal. February 20, 1909. Electric hght. Length
20 mm.

U.S.N.AL No. 98827. Romblon. March 25, 1908. Albatross
Collection. Length 16 mm. Paratypes of Brachycallionymus mirus.
Two examples.

U.S.N.M. No. 98828. Nasugbu, Batangas Province. January 15,
1908. Albatross Collection. Length 15 mm. Paratype of B. mirus.

22170. Davao, Mindanao. Seme 150 feet. May 16, 1908. Length
59 to 85 mm. Six examples.

20824. Lingayen Gulf, Luzon. May 11, 1909. Seine 500 feet.
Length 77 mm.

One example. Nasugbu, Luzon. Seine. January 16, 1908.
Length 52 mm.

13959. PaluanBay, Mindoro. Seine 130 feet. December 11, 1908.
Length 37 to 70 mm. Three examples.

24132. Port San Vicente, Luzon. Seine 130 feet. November 18,
1908. Length 57 mm.

Two examples. San Vicente Harbor, Luzon shore. November 13,
1908. Seine. Length 54 to 59 mm.

ELEUTHEROCHIR MCCADDENI, new species

Figure 16

Depth 7; head 3, width 1%. Snout 0% m head; eye 3, slightly
greater than snout; maxillary reaches opposite front of eye, entire;
mouth but little inclined from horizontal, mouth cleft with rictus
reaching halfway to eye, and lower jaw well protruded in front; teeth
fine, conic, simple, close set, villiform, very minute, and set in inconspic-
uous narrow band above; lower teeth uniserial, rather large in com-
parison with upper, little curved in, situated along outer edge of

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

mandible and always visible, even in closed mouth ; rami of mandible
well elevated inside mouth; no teeth on palate; tongue small, entire,
rounded and free in front; intcrorbital narrow, bony width two-fifths
of eye, flattened. Preopercular spine curved back and up terminally,
ends in strong spine, and two spines curved up and back on its upper
edge. Opercular flap extends well back on pectoral base.

Lateral line complete, little high at first, becomes axial along side of
tail.

D. IV-9, I, spines not free, short, flexible, first 2% in total head
length, first ray 2; A. 10, i, first ray 2%; caudal 3K in rest of fish^

H.W.F.del

Figure 16. — Eleutherochir mccaddeni, new species. Type.

rounded convexly behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 3^5 in headp
pectoral 1%, rays 20; ventral rays I, 5, fin 1}^ in total head length.

Color in alcohol, back and upper surfaces dull brown, everywhere
more or less finely specked, dotted and spotted with darker, though
markings nowhere- much contrasted. On sides of head and opercle
they are larger, coarser, and fewer. All over back above traces of
dark arcs and circles, nowhere prominent. Entire under surfaces
whitish, with dull-gray or brown tints. Eyes dark gray above, with
dark blotches and mottling, pale to whitish below. First dorsal gray
black, with some obscure pale blotches on first membrane. Second
dorsal pale, with two dark spots on each ray. Caudal pale or light
brown, with five transverse dark bars, last subtenninal and empha-

NEW PHILIPPINiE CALLIOXYMIDAE FO'WLER 29

sized with several blackish-brown spots. Anal transparent. Pectoral
pale, with four very slightly darker transverse bars above. Ventral
pale.

Philippines. Known chieily by the long preopercle spine and white
€olor of the thorax.

Characterized by its dentition and especially by the long opercular
flap encroacliing on the pectoral fin base. Ventral without upper
basal membrane connecting fin to lower outer part of pectoral. It
differs from Eleutherochir opercularis in the projecting lower jaw, the
crooked or arched terminal preopercular spine, narrower bony inter-
orbital, and pale ventrals.

Type.— V.S.N. M. No. 99435. Hinunangan Bay, Leyte. Seine.
July 30, 1909. Length 52 mm.

(Named for David McCadden, formerly taxidermist in the Academy
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, to whom I am indebted for many
American fishes.)

DICALLIONYMUS, new genus

Type. — Callionymus goramensis Bleeker,

Body elongate, slender, depressed anteriorly. Head moderate,
depressed, as seen from above tapering into rather narrowly triangular
muzzle. Snout nearly pyramidal. Eye rather large, well invading
upper profile of head, upper velum of eye invading pupil above.
Mouth protractile down and forward, jaws subequal or lower little
shorter. Maxillary reaches front of eye, entire. Teeth in villiform
bands in jaws. Interorbital very narrow bony frenum, between large
close-set eyes. Long preopercular spine Iji times eye in length; with
small basal denticle directed forward, terminal spine upturned and
with five others along its upper edge. Gill opening small slit, con-
cealed by opercular flap, which rounded and not reaching pectoral
base. Upper lateral Ime normal, along upper side of back; lower
lateral fine extends only along lower side of tail, and like upper ex-
tended on caudal base. First dorsal spine elongate, filamentous,
reaches back well into middle of second dorsal. Last dorsal ray nearly
long as head and reaches well into caudal base. Edge of soft dorsal
entire. Anal with a slight notch along edge of each membrane.
Caudal but little longer than head, cuneate, lower median rays longest.
Pectoral broad, little shorter than head. Ventral longer than
pectoral, broad with inner membrane well connected up on pectoral
base. Anal papilla simple point. Coloration pale, variegated.

Distinguished from Synchiropus, with wliich it was later placed by
Bleeker, this genus is unique among the Callionymidae in the presence
of two lateral lines. It resembles Synchiropus in its gill openings.

(5ts, two + Callionymus; with reference to the two lateral lines.)

30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

DICALLIONYMUS GORAMENSIS (Bleeker)

CalUonymus goramensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. -Indie, vol. 15, p. 214,

1858 (type locality: Goram Island).
Synchiropus goramensis Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, scr. 2,

vol. 14, p. 101, 1879 (Goram).

Eleven examples. Pandanan Island. Seine 130 feet. March 23,
1909. Length 33 to 71 mm.

Amorinae, new subfamily

Type genus. — Amora Gray.

Long tentacle above each eye. Gill opening behind preopercular
spine. Body spinulose. Two distinct dorsal fins.

Genus AMORA Gray

Amora Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, Hardwicke, vol. 2, pi. 90, fig. 1,.

1833-34. (Type Amora tentaculata Gray, monotypic.)
Anaora -Gray, ibid., in directions for arranging the plates. (Type, Amora

tentaculata Gray.)

Body moderately elongate, little broader than deep. Head large,
depressed moderately. Snout rather long. Eye large, elevated, but
little advanced in head length. Mouth terminally inferior. Above
each eye a filament, twice eye length. Gill opening behind pre-
opercular spine. First dorsal begins over gill opening, with four
spines, about high as second dorsal. Second dorsal with eight rays,
last branched. Anal similar with seven rays; also last branched.
Paired fins little shorter than head.

This genus, long overlooked, was originally established on the
colored figure published and named by Gray as Amora tentaculata.
Bleeker in 1879 appears to have been the last author that accepted it.
Though he diagnosed the genus he failed to call attention to any of the
specific characters, some of which are of sufficient importance to be
readily made out. He mentioned that the body is spinulose, and this-
is better indicated by Gray's figure la, giving a dorsal view. This
suggests that CalUonymus Jimbriatus Herre,^ described with short
conspicuous cutaneous filaments on the body, and otherwise largely
in agreement, is a synonym of Amora tentaculata Gr&j.

AMORA TENTACULATA Gray

Amora tentaculata Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, Hardwicke, vol. 2, pi.

90, figs. 1, a-b, 1833-34 (type locality: Amboina). — Bleeker, Versl. Meded.

Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 107, 1879 (reference).
Synchiropus tentaculatus Herre, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 35, p. 33, pi. 3, 1928'

(type locality, Puerto Galera).

One example. Port Caltom. December 15, 1908. Caught in
seine. Length 46 mm.

» The fishes of the Herre 1931 Philippine Expeditiorf, p. 94, 1934 (type locality: Sitanki Reef).

NEW PHILIPPINE CALLIONYMID'AE^ FOWLER 31

Two examples. Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Caught in
a seine. Length 36 to 48 mm.

One example. Romblon. March 26, 1908. Caught in seine.
Length 62 mm. [817].

19319. Sandakan Bay, Borneo. March 2, 1908. Caught in seine.
Length 39 mm.

[2158.] Great Tobea Island. Tide pool. December 15, 1909.
Length 42 mm.

Draculinae, new subfamily

Type genus. — Draculo Snyder.

Only one dorsal, corresponds to second dorsal of other genera.

U. S. eOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE] l»4l

PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

issued v.m*v\^^ Q^^S ^y '^*

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

Vol.90 Washington: 1941 No. 3107

REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MOTHS OF THE
FAMILY OECOPHORIDAE, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF
NEW GENERA AND SPECIES

By J. F. Gates Clarke

INTRODUCTION

This study of the North American Oecophoridae was begun several
years ago at the suggestion of August Busck, of the United States Bu-
reau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. In the beginning I had
intended to do only a specific revision of the genera Agonopterix and
Depressaria. It soon became apparent, however, that it would be nec-
essary to study carefully all the species known from North America
together with many from other parts of the world. Hence this paper
has become a revision of the entire family.

In North America the family Oecophoridae comprises a large group
of small to medium-sized moths most of which are inconspicuously
colored. A few, however, are brilliantly marked. The moths are
chiefly nocturnal, but some may be seen flying about in the bright sun-
light. Because of their retiring habits they are seldom seen and are
best secured by rearing the larvae.

The majority of the Oecophoridae are leaf and flower feeders in the
larval stage. Those that feed in the inflorescence usually attack plants
of the family Umbelliferae, while the leaf feeders attack a large variety
of plants in many families. Some are forest insects.

Besides the leaf and flower feeders there are others that feed on
stored products, such as dried foods, bulbs, and tubers. Some are
scavengers and feed in the refuse occurring in the nests of mice and
birds. Some live in the cracks of bark, others beneath the bark where

286614—41 1 33

34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. so

they feed eitlier on refuse or bits of dried vegetable matter. One
{Martyrhilda sphaeralceae, new species) is a leaf miner.

Among the flower feeders the most important is Depressaria herac-
liana (Linnaeus) (the parsnip webworm), which does considerable
damage to commercially grown parsnips by destroying the flower-
heads and immature seeds. A closely related species, D. cinereo-
costella Clemens, has been recorded from caraway but is most
frequently found on closely related indigenous plants such as Sium
lineare Michx.

Among the forest insects we find Agonopterix argillacea (Walsing-
ham), which has been reared in quantity from willow {Salix spp.).
The species of the genus Psilocorsis attack beech {Fagus grandifolia
Ehrh.), oak [Quercus spp.), and pecan {Carya pecan Aschers. &
Graebn.) and hickory {Carya ovata (Mill.) Koch). P. caryae^ new
species, is of considerable importance in the South, where it is de-
structive to pecan. In the immediate vicinity of Washington, D. C,
the larvae of P. fagineUa (Chambers) do a great deal of damage
to beech.

In addition we have the European Carcina quercana Fabricius,
which is an oak feeder and has been introduced on Vancouver
Island, British Columbia, and Machimia tentoriferella Clemens,
which feeds on Castanea^ Juglans^ Quercus^ and Prunus.

The scavenger bulb moth, Hofmannophila pseudospretella (Stain-
ton), is recorded from stored bulbs and tubers of tulip, dahlia, and
gladiolus and from dried fruits and other stored products (see hosts
under species) and is a common pest in houses. It is found through-
out Europe and America and in New Zealand.

Endrosis lactella (Schiffermiiller) does considerable damage on the
Pacific coast and in Europe, feeding on stored cereals, fruits, and
other products.

The pupae are formed in debris, in leaves, or in hollow stalks and
do not protrude at the time of emergence of the moth. Many species
hibernate as adults.

Several species are of considerable economic importance. Notable
among these are Endrosis lactella (Schiffermiiller), Hofmannophila
pseudospretella (Stainton), and Depressaria heracliana (Linnaeus).

The distribution of the North American Oecophoridae appears to
center about the Southwestern States, particularly Arizona, Colorado,
and California. The genus Agonopterix^ the largest in the family, is
particularly well represented in western North America.

Since Busck^ published his paper on the North American moths
of this family no attempt has been made to revise the group. He

* Busck, A., A generic revision of American moths of the family Oecophoridae, with
descriptions of new species. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, pp. 187-207, 1908.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 35

recognized 19 genera and 121 species of North American Oecophori-
dae. In the Barnes and McDunnough list^ the authors followed
Busck in recognizing 19 genera but enumerated only 98 species, the
remainder being transferred to other families. Meyrick ^ recognized
17 North American genera and 104 species.

EXCLUSION OF UNRELATED FORMS

Within the family I recognize 22 genera and 117 North American
species. Six genera, 19 species, and 1 race are described as new in
this paper.

The genus Etidrosis is retained in the family with doubt. Busck *
transferred TAclonella to the Cosmopterygidae in 1932. I have re-
moved Eumeyrickia and Gerdana from the family and have placed
them in the families Ethmiidae and Blastobasidae, respectively. For
part of the species formerly placed in Borkhausenia I have erected the
genus Anoncia and have referred it to the Cosmopterygidae. For
Semioscopis acertella Busck I have erected the genus Antequera and
have placed it in the family Cosmopterygidae.

CHARACTERS OF THE FAMILY

Head usually smooth, with loosely appressed scales; often with
raised side tufts. Antenna simple to strongly ciliated, usually with
pecten on basal segment but frequently with pecten absent or slightly
developed. Labial palpus well developed, usually long, upwardly
curved, variously scaled; terminal segment acutely pointed. Maxil-
lary palpus short, filiform, appressed. Prothoracic and mesothoracic
legs normally slender, moderately long; posterior tibia with long rough
hairs above.

Fore wing with 12 veins (or 11 by coincidence of veins 7 and 8) ;
lb furcate at base; Ic always preserved, at least at margin; 7 and 8
stalked or coincident, 7 to costa, apex or termen.

Hind wing with eight veins or rarely seven by coincidence of veins
5 and 4 {Endrosis) ; veins 6 and 7 remote, subparallel; veins 3 and 4
normally stalked or connate (rarely separate); 8 free; 5 nearer to
4 than to 6 (except Oecopliora and Mathildana).

Male genitalia symmetrical; harpe with or without clasper, base
of harpe broadly attached; sacculus well defined; cucullus rounded
or pointed except in Carcina^ where it is greatly reduced and weakly
sclerotized. Anellus a simple plate or with moderately or well de-
veloped lateral processes. Aedeagus with very small "blind sac" or

* Barnes, W., and McDunnough, J., Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, pp.
160-1C2, 1017.

* Meyrick, E., in Wytsman, Genera Insectorum, fasc. 180, 1922.

* Busck, A., Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 34, p. 19, 1932.

36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

none. The entrance of the penis is dorsal, near the proximal end.
Vinculum bandlike or moderately produced. Gnathos present.^ Socii
and uncus present or absent. First and eighth segments simple or
with hair pencils.

Female genitalia : Ostium opening in median part of genital plate,
the latter simple or modified {Fabiola, Inga) ; signum present or
absent; abdomen weakly or strongly sclerotized; sometimes spinose.

The foregoing characters will serve to distinguish this family from
all other Lepidoptera except a few Blastobasidae and Ethmiidae. The
Blastobasidae may be separated from the Oecophoridae by the widely
separate veins 11 and 10 of the fore wing, the proximity of veins 2
to 10, and the thickening of the membrane below the costa (the "stigma"
of Zeller). Certain of the oecophorid genera have some of the char-
acters of the Blastobasidae while lacking others. Endrosis possesses
a spinose abdomen, a character frequently encountered in the Blasto-
basidae,** but lacks the characters listed in the foregoing paragi-aph
as being tyjDical of that family. The larva of Endrosis further sug-
gests Blastobasidae. The Ethmiidae may be distinguished from the
Oecophoridae (except Oecophora and Mathildana) by the proximity
of vein 6 to 6 of the hind wing; and the characteristic male genitalia,
which exhibit a primitive segmented type of harpe.

I have removed the genera Oecophora and BorJchausenia from our
American lists, as the only species formerly included are referable
to other genera.

For haydenella and pseudospretello I have resurrected the names
Chamhersia Riley and Hofmminophila Spuler, respectively. For
ascriptella Busck I have erected the genus Garolana. I propose the
genus Mathildana for newmaneUa and have restricted Oecophora
to hractella and its congeners. I retain all these in the family
Oecophoridae.

Larva.'' — ^With primary setae only (except in Apachea., which has
a few secondary hairs in group VII on most of the abdominal segments
and two or three on the pro thoracic shield) ; three setae on prespiracular
shield of prothorax ; setae IV and V approximately and directly below
or (frequently) ventrocephalad of the spiracle on proleg-bearing seg-
ments; on eighth abdominal segment seta III usually dorsocephalad
of the spiracle, rarely directly above, never dorsocaudad or wdth a

*The genera of the family fall into two groups on characters of the gnathos. Agonop-
terix, Bibarramila, Apachea, Depressaria, Seminscopis, Martyrhilda, Machimia, Himmacia,
and Psilocorsis fall into a group with a spiny gnathos. The remaining genera are without
spines on the gnathos. This suggests a division that may be of subfamily significance.

• The spinose abdomen is found in at least seven other oecophorid genera. They are
Martyringa, BorJihausenia, nofmannophila, Carolana, Pleiirota, Inga, and Semioscopis.

'' The setal characters of group VII should be used with caution as occasional abnormal
specimens occur in nearly all species. A hair may be missing from the group on either the
first or eighth abdominal segment, but only on one side of the insect. The opposite side
is nearly always normal.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 37

pigmented sclerotized ring surrounding the base of the tubercle; on
ninth abdominal segment seta I ventrocephalad of II, rarely approxi-
mate to II {Endrosis^ Eofmannophila)^ usually about equidistant
from II and III, III much nearer to IV-V than to I, IV and V closely
approximate, VI rarely (Psilocorsis) on the same pinaculum with
iy_Y^ sometimes approximate to VII, VII unisetose. Legs and pro-
legs normal. Crochets in a complete circle, biordinal and, occa-
sionally, irregularly triordinal, never in a penellipse (or a ring broken
outwardly).

Head with adfrontals extending to incision of dorsal hind margin
of epicranium; frons not extending to incision of hind margin; a
longitudinal ridge always present; epicranial seta L^ usually closer
to A^ than A^ is to A^ Ocelli normally six (reduced to 4 or 2 in
Hofmannophila and Endrosis) , arranged approximately in a parallelo-
gram ; 3 and 4 mostly in a straight line with 2 and 5 ; 3 and 4 closely
approximate.

Pupa.— Smooth, or pubescent. Body usually depressed. Epicranial
suture present; frontoclypeal suture not distinct for its entire length
or reaching the meson ; maxillary palpi present, large, usually reach-
ing proximolateral angles of maxillae; caudal portions of antennae
lying adjacent on the meson, separating at their distal ends to expose
metathoracic legs ; maxillae from one-half to two-thirds the length of
wings; labial palpi rarely exposed {Endrosis) . Prothoracic femora
sometimes exposed, often not. Abdomen with segments 4 to 6 movable
and with deep incisions between these segments on dorsal and ventral
surfaces; genital and anal openings slitlike in both sexes; no hooked
setae on ventral surface of ninth segment; cremaster absent or shortly
developed.

CLASSIFICATION

In the classification of this family venation, palpi, general habitus,
and genitalia have been employed in this revision. The genitalia are
especially helpful and have been used to separate species as well as
genera. I have found the anellus of the male genitalia to be particu-
larly useful, and in most cases it is possible to separate species as well
as genera by this structure.

The palpi are normally useful in the separation of genera but in a
few cases cannot be relied upon. The eyes and vestiture of the head
may be useful taxonomically, and Meyrick laid gi-eat weight on the
length of the ciliation of the antennae, but the modifications of these
characters appear to be too gradual for safe generic differentiation and
have not been employed in this paper.

Venation is usvially reliable within a genus, but occasionally unusual
venation is encountered. A large niunber of genera have nearly iden-
tical venation, but such cases are easily separable on genitalia or ex-

38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. so

ternal characters. In a few the venation is unstable. This is par-
ticularly true of veins 2 and 3 of the fore wing of Semioscoj)is and
veins 3 and 4 of the hind wings of Agonopterix and Depressaria. The
genitalia of these three genera distinguish them, however, from all
others. The species fall, with one or two exceptions, into natural
groups on habitus as well as on structure, so that the definition of
genera is comparatively simple.

In a few genera it is not entirely clear what we are dealing with.
For example, in Depressaria there are five distinct species groups,
which may actually represent separate genera. The leptotaeniae-mul-
tifdae group is especially interesting and represents a series of
"species" that may represent only simple Mendelian variants of oTie.
species. As will be noted, in the proper place, all these except yahiTmae.
are of practically the same color and have closely similar habits and
hosts, yet aU have distinct genitalia.

In the genus Psilocorsis it is particularly difficult to separate many
of the species {re-ftexella-faginella group) , and here we are confronted
again with the problem of what actually constitutes a species.

These problems can be settled only by careful breeding, and in the
meantime we shall have to content ourselves with the supposition that
genitalic differences represent specific entities or genera depending on
their nature. Nevertheless, I strongly suspect that Mendelian varia-
tion may be transmitted to the genitalia as well as other structures and
that eventually we shall be able in most instances to use genitalic
characters for group separation only.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wish to express my gratitude to August Busck, of the U. S. Bu-
reau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, for suggesting this most
interesting study and for much advice and help received through
correspondence while I was at Washington State College and since I
came to the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. To Dr.
R. L. Webster, Head of the Department of Zoology, Washington State
College, my sincere thanks are due for the use of his library and the
release from many duties which enabled me to do research and spend
much time in the field ; to Carl Heinrich for the larval diagnoses and
notes and for many helpful suggestions and much useful criticism;
to Dr. J. McDunnough, Chief of the Division of Systematic En-
tomology, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada; to Dr.
Annette F. Braun, Cincinnati, Ohio ; to H. H. Keif er, Department of
Agriculture, Sacramento, Calif.; and Mrs. Florence Blackmore, Vic-
toria, British Columbia, for much material lent for study; to Dr.
Lincoln Constance, Department of Botany, Washington State Col-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 39

lege,« for his keen interest, the identification of host plants, and the
coUection of very interesting material; to Dr. Harry F. Clements, of
the same department,^ who kindly arranged for greenliouse facilities
for rearing purposes; and to Miss Grace Val Sisler for much kmd
help in cataloging and recording. In addition Dr. Braun kindly sub-
mitted notes on specimens in her collection and material for study. I
wish also to express my thanks to Nathan Banks, of the Museum of
Comparative Zoology, Cambridge; to E. T. Cresson, Jr., and J. A. G.
Rehn, of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, for mak-
ing it possible for me to study types of Chambers and Clemens re-
spectively; and to the National Research Council for a grant-in-aid,
which enabled me to obtain needed equipment and supplies and to
take many field trips in Wasliington, Idaho, and Oregon.

The drawings for this paper were made by the author. Whenever
possible the genitalia were figured from the type, either male or
female, and where the type was not available, from paratypes or
authentically determined specimens. I have been able to examine
the genitalia, both male and female, of all the genotypes and of either
male or female, or both, of all the species of Agonopterix and_ De-
pressaria except A. endryopa (Meyrick), A. murmumm (Meyrick),
D. nymphidia Meyrick, D. corystopa Meyrick, Borkhausenia axiiculata
Meyrick, and Paratheta astigmatica Meyrick. I am unable to recog-
nize these species.

For most of the Canadian records no reference is made to the sex

of the specimens. These records were sent to me by Dr. McDunnough.

The following keys to the genera include all genera discussed by

Busck (1908), with the addition of two old and six new genera

described in this paper.

ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE GENERA

1. Basal segment of antenna with pecten (figs. 3, 4, 6, 9, etc.) 2

Basal segment of antenna without pecten (figs. 7, 10, 14, 18, etc.) 13

2. Second segment of labial palpus long, straight, porrect (fig. 6)

12. Pleurota (p. 230)

Second segment of labial palpus otherwise (figs. 3, 4, 9) T" oox

3. Antenna longer than fore wing 13- Carcina (p. 233)

Antenna shorter than fore wing ','"," nA^\

4. Veins 7 and 8 of fore wing coincident (fig. 55) 16. Decantha (p. 241)

Veins 7 and 8 of fore wing not coincident ^

5. Veins 2 and 3 of fore wing stalked (figs. 29, 44, 45) o

Veins 2 and 3 of fore wing separate

6. Costa of fore wing arched; costa of hind wing arched, veins 4

and 5 well separated (figs. 29, 45)

Costa of fore wing straight or slightly concave; costa of hind
wing concave, veins 4 and 5 closely approximate at bases
(f^g 44) 2. Martyrhilda (p. 12o)

• Now at the Department of Botany, University of California, Berkeley. Calif.

• Now at the Department of Botany, University of Hawaii, Honolulu.

40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. oo

7. Abdomen flattened; labial palpus with well-developed brush on

second segment; hind wing lobed at anal angle... 1. Agonopterix (p. 43)
Abdomen not flattened; labial palpus without well-developed
brush on second segment; hind wing without lobe at anal angle.

3. Bibarrambla (p. 146)

8. Costa of hind wing excavated (fig. 51) 22. Endrosis (p. 262)

Costa of hind wing not excavated g

9. Second segment of labial palpus with brush (figs. 11, 16) 10

Second segment of labial palpus without brush (figs. 3, 4, 12) _. ._ H

10. Brush of labial palpus broadly triangular (fig. 16) 6. Apachea (p. 197)

Brush of labial palpus not broadly triangular (fig. 11)

5. Depressaria (p. 163)

11. Fore wing lanceolate, apex pointed; veins 3 and 4 of hind wing

stalked (fig. 49) 15. Carolana (p. 239)

Fore wing not lanceolate, apex not pointed; veins 3 and 4 of

hind wing connate or closely approximate (figs. 43, 46) 12

12. Veins 2 and 3 of fore wing remote (fig. 46) 19. Chambersia (p. 252)

Veins 2 and 3 of fore wing approximate (fig. 43)

21. Hofmannophila (p. 258)

13. Fore wing: Veins 8 and 9 out of 7 (fig. 39) 11. Martyringa (p. 228)

Fore wing: Vein 9 separate 14

14. Labial palpus with longitudinal stripes 9. Psilocorsia (p. 204)

Labial palpus without longitudinal stripes 15

15. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 coincident (fig. 41) 17. Fabiola (p. 244)

Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 otherwise 16

16. Hind wing with vein 5 nearer to 6 than to 4 (fig. 50) 14. Mathildana (p. 236)
Hind wing with vein 5 nearer to 4 than to 6 17

17. Discocellulars of hind wing strongly outwardly oblique between

veins 4 and 6 (fig. 31) 8. Himmacia (p. 202)

Discocellulars not outwardly oblique between veins 4 and 6 18

18. Fore wing with vein 2 distant from 3 (figs. 33, 47, 56) " 19

Fore wing with vein 2 approximate (sometimes connate or

stalked with 3 in Semioscopis) to 3 (figs. 35, 37) 21

19. Costa of hind wing excavated (fig. 47) 20. Epicallima (p. 254)

Costa of hind wing not excavated (figs. 33, 56) 20

20. Fore wing broad; termen straight (fig. 33) 7. Machimia (p. 198)

Fore wing narrow, pointed; termen confluent with inner margin

(fig. 56) 18. Schiflfermulleria (p. 246)

21. Fore wing with costa and inner margin parallel; vein 11 from

middle of cell (fig. 37) 10. inga (p. 217)

Fore wing with costa and inner margin strongly divergent; vein

11 from well before middle of cell (fig. 35) 4. Semioscopis (p. 149)

KEY TO THE GENERA BASED ON MALE GENITALIA

1. Gnathos strongly spined (figs. 59, 62, 64, etc.) 2

Gnathos not spined (figs. 60, 76, 78, etc.) '" 10

2. Transtilla and anellus fused (fig. 86) 6. Apachea (p. 197)

Transtilla and anellus not fused (figs. 62, 64, etc.) 3

3. Anellus with long, free lateral processes (fig. 70) 7. Machimia (p. 198)

Anellus without long, free lateral processes (figs. 59, 64, etc.) 4

4. Uncus well developed (figs. 59, 64) '_ " 5

Uncus absent, or if present, poorly developed (figs. 62, 65, 67, etc.) 6

5. Clasper present (fig. 64) 8. Himmacia (p. 202)

Clasper absent (fig. 59) 9. Psilocorsis (p. 204)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 41

6. Sacculus extended as a furcate process or as a broad truncated

expansion with a small toothlike clasper; or vesica armed
with a forked or strongly curved single cornutus. 4. Semioscopia (p. 149)
Sacculus and cornuti not as above 7

7. Clasper absent or present; if present then the aedeagus twisted;

or sacculus with process from base; or aedeagus with basal

process 5. Depressaria (p. 163)

Clasper always present but without the above combinations

(figs. 62, 65, 67) 8

8. Clasper divided (fig. 67) 2. Martyrhilda (p. 125)

Clasper simple (figs. 62, 65) 9

9. Uncus and socii fused forming hood (fig. 65) 3. Bibarrambla (p. 146)

Uncus (if present) and socii not fused (fig. 62) 1. Agonopterix (p. 43)

10. Anellus with lateral processes (figs. 60, 61, 62, etc.) 14

Anellus without lateral processes (figs. 69, 72, 78, 80) 11

11. Clasper present (figs. 78, 80) 12

Clasper absent (figs. 69, 72) 13

12. Clasper concave distally; aedeagus coiled, bandlike basally

(figs. 78, 78a) 21. Hofmannophila (p. 258)

Clasper never concave distally; aedeagus never coiled or band-
like basally (figs. 80, 80a) 10. Inga (p. 217)

13. Gnathos flat, broad, shovel-shaped; vinculum narrowly

rounded (fig. 69) 15. Carolana (p. 239)

Gnathos narrowed distally; vinculum strongly produced an-
teriorly (fig. 72) 11. Martyringa (p. 228)

14. Extension of sacculus with tuft of strong, curved setae (fig.

71) 13. Carcina (p. 233)

Sacculus without such tuft 15

15. Sacculus with pointed, curved or nearly straight, free extension

(figs. 60, 61, 66, 81) 16

Sacculus without such free extension (figs. 74, 76, 79, 82) 19

16. Vinculum spatulate (fig. 60) 22. Endrosis (p. 262)

Vinculum rounded (figs. 61, 66, 81) 17

17. Vesica unarmed (fig. 61a) 17. Fabiola (p. 244)

Vesica strongly armed (figs. 66a, 81a) 18

18. Lateral processes of anellus flattened and expanded distally

(fig. 66) 16. Decantha (p. 241)

Lateral processes of aneUus not appreciably flattened; pointed

distally (fig. 81) 20. Epicallima (p. 254)

19. Vesica strongly armed (fig. 74a) 14. Mathildana (p. 236)

Vesica unarmed (figs. 76a, 79a, 82a) 20

20. Lateral processes of anellus sharply pointed; aedeagus small,

weak (figs. 79, 79a, 82, 82a) 21

Lateral processes of anellus dilated distally; aedeagus stout

(figs. 76, 76a) 12. Pleurota (p. 230)

21. Lateral processes of anellus very broad basally; gnathos pointed

(fig. 79) 19. Chambersia (p. 252)

Lateral processes of anellus of about equal width throughout;

gnathos not pointed (fig. 82) 18. SchiflEermiilleria (p. 246)

KEY TO THE GENERA BASED ON FEMALE GENITALIA

1. Anterior apophyses branched (figs. 101, 116) 2

Anterior apophyses not branched (figs. 95, 97, etc.) 3

42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

2. Ovipositor always extended after death; ductus bursae not con-

voluted (fig. 116) 22. Endrosis (p. 262)

Ovipositor not extended after death; ductus bursae convoluted

(fig. 101) 21. Hofmannophila (p. 258)

3. Bursa copulatrix single (figs. 97, 99, etc.) 4

Bursa copulatrix double (fig. 105) 9. Psilocorsis (p. 204)

4. Ductus bursae with saclike evagination from ventral surface

(fig. 118) 14. Mathildana (p. 236)

Ductus bursae without such evagination 5

5. Inception of ductus seminalis at, or anterior to, middle of ductus

bursae (figs. 87, 91, 95, 98, 115) 6

Inception of ductus seminalis posterior to middle of ductus

bursae (figs. 109, 110, etc.) 10

6. Signa several (fig. 87) 12. Pleurota (p. 230)

Signum, if present, single 7

7. Signum a weakly developed toothed plate (figs. 91, 115) 8

Signum absent or, if present, not as above 9

8. Ductus bursae membranous (fig. 115) 19. Chambersia (p. 252)

Ductus bursae at least partly sclerotized (fig. 91)--- 16. Decantha (p. 241)

9. Genital plate strongly convex, protruding (fig. 95) 17. Fabiola (p. 244)

Genital plate convex but not protruding (figs. 98, 213-215)

18. SchiflPermiilleria (p. 246)

10. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized, broadened and somewhat

flattened posterior to inception of ductus seminalis (figs.

90, 92, 99) 11

Ductus bursae otherwise 13

11. Signum present; sclerotized portion of ductus bursae armed

on inner surface (fig. 99) 20. Epicallima (p. 254)

Signum absent; ductus bursae unarmed (figs. 90, 92) 12

12. Ostium protruding; ventroanterior edge strongly sclerotized

(fig. 90) 11. Martyringa (p. 228)

Ostium not protruding; ventroanterior edge membranous (fig.

92) 7. Machimia (p. 198)

13. Signum very large, broadly oval or elongate (fig. 100)

2. Martyrhilda (p. 125)
Signum, if present, otherwise 14

14. Signum absent (figs. 89, 229, 240, 272) 15

Signum present (figs. 96, 102, 109, etc.) 16

15. Area surrounding ostial opening always membranous (figs. 89,

206-210) 10. Inga (p. 217)

Area surrounding ostial opening always sclerotized (figs. 229,

240, etc.) 1. Agonopterix (part) (p. 43)

16. Genital plate dilated ventrolaterally; ostium transverse, slit-

like (fig. 88) 13. Carcina (p. 233)

Genital plate otherwise 17

17. Signum a toothed plate (figs. 102, 103, 109, etc.) 18

Signum a small plate with median keel (fig. 110) 8. Himmacia (p. 202)

18. Ductus bursae armed with small teeth for much of its length

(fig. 96) 15. Carolana (p. 239)

Ductus bursae otherwise 19

19. Signum a distinct cross; ostium very large (fig. 94) 6. Apachea (p. 197)

Signum and ostium otherwise 20

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 43

20. Signum a moderately large plate with two or three large strong

teeth (fig. 109) 3. Bibarrambla (p. 146)

Signum otherwise 1. Agonopterix (part) (p. 43);

5. Depressaria (p. 163); 4. Semioscopis (p. 149)

1. Genus AGONOPTERIX HUbner

Plate 2, Figube 13 ; Plate 6, Figubb 45 ; Plate 8, FiGxmES 62, 62a ; Plate 17,

FiGUBB 103

Agonopterix Hubneb, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 410, 1826. —
PiEBCE and Metcalfe, The genitalia of the British Tineina, pp. 35-38, 1935.
(Genotype: Pyralis ocelhina Fabricius, Systema entomologiae, p. 652, 1775.)

Agonopteryx Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1908.— Walsingham,
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, pp. 135-136, 1912.— Barnes
and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4, pp. 231-233, 1920.— Sasscer,
Journ. Econ. Ent, vol. 13, p. 183, 1920.— Bbaun, Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila-
delphia, vol. 73, pt. 1, p. 10, 1921.— Busck, Can. Ent., vol. 53, pp. 277-278,
1921.— FoEBES, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, pp. 236-241, 1923.—
Clarke, Can. Ent., vol. 65, pp. 84-85, 1933.— McDunnough, Can. Ent., vol.
67, pp. 74-75, 1935.

Agonopterys Ely, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 12, p. 68, 1910.

Agnopteryx Babnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, p. 160, 1917.

Epeleustia Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 410, 1826. —
Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 136,
1912.— IMeybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 169, 1922.
(Genotype: Tinea- hypericella Hiibner, Sammlung europaischer Schmetter-
linge, vol. 8, fig. 441, 1796.)

Pinaris Hubneb, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 411, 1826. — Walsing-
ham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 135, 1912. — Mey-
BiCK, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 169, 1922. (Genotype:
Tinea gilvella Hiibner, Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge, vol. 8, fig. 96,
1796; synonym of Agonopterix areneUa Schiffermiiller.)

Tichonia HiJBNER, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 412, 1826. — Walsing-
ham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 136, 1912. — Mey-
EiCK, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 169, 1922. (Genotype:
Phalaenae Tineae atomella Schiffermiiller, Systema tisches Verzeichniss der
Schmetterlinge der Wiener Gegend, p. 137, 1776. )

Haemylis Teeitschke, Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 9, p. 235, 1832. —
Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 136,
1912. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 169, 1922.
(Genotype: Haemylis assitnilella Treitschke, Die Schmetterlinge von Europa,
vol. 9, p. 259, 1832.)

Head with appressed scales ; tongue developed ; antenna ciliated or
simple; basal segment elongate, with pecten; labial palpus long, re-
curved; second segment with well-developed furrowed brush; terminal
segment shorter than (or rarely as long as) second segment, sometimes
roughly scaled, acute. Thorax smootlily scaled to strongly crested.

Fore wing elongate (narrow to moderately broad) ; 12 veins; 2 and 3
stalked ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 7 to costa or apex.

44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. oo

Hind wing as wide as or wider than fore wing, with costa nearly
straight, termen evenly rounded; 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate or short-
stalked; 5 curved, approximate to 4; 6 and 7 subparallel. Abdomen
flattened.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample; clasper present, simple. Anellus
without well developed fingerlike processes. Vesica with or without
cornuti. Socii fleshy. Uncus reduced or lacking.

Female genitalia. — Bursa copulatrix with or without signum ; ductus
bursae membranous throughout (except fuVva).

Larva. — Ninth abdominal segment with setae I and II well separated
(I as near or nearer to III than to II) : seta VI not on a single pinacu-
lum with IV and V but not approximate to VII. Setal group VII
bisetose on first and seventh abdominal segments, unisetose on eighth
and ninth abdominal segments, normal (trisetose) on proleg-bearing
abdominal segments. Ocelli normal. Submentum without sclerotized
pit.

Pupa. — Pubescent. Prothoracic femora and labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — Agonopterix is a valid genus readily separable from
Depressaria^ with which Meyrick and others continue to synonymize
it, and from Apach£a. The stalking of veins 2 and 3 of the fore wing
in Agonopterix is constant and is associated with the absence of the
long lateral processes of the anellus so frequently encountered in
Depressaria and other oecophorid genera. The pattern of the fore
wings of Agonopterix always differs from that of Deprcssaria by en-
tirely lacking conspicuous longitudinal streaks such as are found in
the latter genus.

The moths of this genus, with the exception of one small group,
form an extremely compact assemblage of species, often difficult to
separate. The male genitalia are strikingl}'^ similar, species being
best separated on characters of the anellus, clasper, and aedeagus.
The anellus seems to be the most stable of the three and may suffice
for separation of species where the other two fail. The length of
the harpes {psoraliella and others) and the shape of the cucullus are
apt to vary considerably. (In preparing mounts of the genital
organs great care must be exercised to eliminate distortion and
shrinkage.)

The remaining species of the genus all have fingerlike claspers,
small, numerous, few, or no cornuti on the vesica, and all the females
have a closely similar type of genitalia with or without a signum.
The wing form varies from moderately narrow to broad, and the
palpus has a well-developed brush on the second segment. There
are, however, in this last large group, sections that show divergence

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 45

from the usual type. One section of the group, consisting of atro-
dorsella, scdbella^ pulvipennella, ptdeae, and eupatoriiella, forms a
very closely knit complex. Another section, consisting of gelidella,
hyperella, lythrella, nuhiferella, and arcuella, forms another com-
plex of species so closely related that separation on male genitalia
is difficult. The female genitalia, however, usually give good char-
acters, but where they fail larvae or host plants suffice to distinguish
the species.

In addition there are two species, fulva and amicella, which have
become modified and represent offshoots from the type stock.

The remaining species form a group of very closely related forms.

Busck^° lists 39 species as belonging to this genus, one {plum-
merella) being described as new. The latter falls as a synonym of
eupatoriiella. In 1920 Meyrick" described dryadoxena (synonym
of costosa) and sciadopa (and proposed the new name testifica for
the supposedly preoccupied hyperella Ely) . That same year Barnes
and Busck" described pteleae^ latipalpella, hlacella^ callosella, and
terinella, of which pteleae and latipalpella are valid species ; Macella
falls as a synonym of argUlacea^ terhiella falls to paUidella^ and
callosella to sabulella. In 1921 Busck^^ described 'blackmori (syno-
nym of costosa) and Braun" described nivalis^ the latter being valid.
In 1926 Braun ^^ added cogitata ( synonym of canella) , and in 1933 '^^ I
added serrae (synonym of pallideUa) . Keifer ^^ added clarkei in 1936.
In the present paper I have transferred eight species to the new genus
Martyrhilda and have described eight species and one race as new,
bringing the total niunber of described species for our fauna to 44.
There are additional species on hand at the present time, but these
are represented by poor or unreared material, and I deem it inadvisa-
ble to add more names for these. When long or reared series can be
obtained, then, and then only, can we safely add new names. The
larvae of comparatively few of the species of this genus are known,
but those known are found attacking a large variety of plants. Many
larvae roll the leaves of the host plants and feed within the tube thus
formed; some are leaf tiers and others feed in webs in the inflores-
cence or leaves. Pupation occurs in debris on the ground or,
occasionally, in the leaf roll made by the larva.

JO Busck, Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1908.

^ Meyricb, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 313, 1920.

^2 Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4, p. 231-233, 1920.

" Busck, Can. Ent., vol. 53, p. 277, 1921.

1* Braun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 73, pt. 1, p. 10, 1921.

^ Braun, Can. Ent., vol. 58, p. 47, 1926.

"Clarke, Can. Ent., vol. 65, p. 84, 1933.

" Keifer, Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci., vol. 35, p. 10, 1936.

46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF AGONOPTERIX BASED ON COLORATION

1 . Fore wing roughened with numerous raised scales 2

Fore wing smooth or with few raised scales 5

2. Fore wing light ochreous-brown with black markings 3

Fore wing ochreous-fuscous thickly mottled with black and

white scales ^ 4

3. A large blackish-fuscous spot at end of cell reaching costa

pteleae Barnes and Busck (p. 72)
No such large spot latipalpella Barnes and Busck (p. 118)

4. Terminal segment of labial palpus long, recurved

eupatoriiella (Chambers) (p. 74)
Terminal segment of labial palpus short, hardly recurved

scabella (Zeller) (p. 72)

5. Fore wing with crescentic discal dash before middle 6

Fore wing otherwise 10

6. Fore wing predominantly grayish ochreous

curvilineella (Beutenmiiller) (p. 62)
Fore wing otherwise 7

7. Discal spot at end of cell yellow or cream colored 8

Discal spot at end of cell white 9

8. Fore wing grajash lavender hyperella Ely (p. 56)

Fore wing brownish purple lythrella (Walsingham) (p. 59)

9. Fore wing predominantly reddish purple arcuella, new species (p. 58)

Fore wing purplish fuscous gelidella (Busck) (p. 55)

10. Fore wing some shade of ochreous or yellow 11

Fore wing otherwise 5

11. Base of fore wing blackish fuscous atrodorsella (Clemens) (p. 70)

Base of fore wing otherwise 12

12. Inner margin of fore wing immaculate, or with minute, incon-

spicuous dark irrorations 14

Inner margin of fore wing with conspicuous dark markings 13

13. Inner margin with fuscous subtornal blotch, posticella (Walsingham) (p. 119)
Inner margin strongly suflfused basally with blackish to reddish-
fuscous.. flavicomella (Engel) (p. 105)

14. Third segment of labial palpus with at least two dark annuh 18

Third segment of labial palpus with one or no dark annulus 15

15. Outer discal spot fuscous 16

Outer discal spot cream colored or yellow 17

16. Abdomen suffused with fuscous beneath; terminal segment of

labial palpus with brownish-red subapical annulus

nubiferella (Walsingham) (p. 60)
Adbomen with black lateral line on each side beneath; terminal
segment with subapical annulus and apex blackish fuscous

sabulella (Walsingham) (p. Ill)

17. Outer discal spot yellow; terminal segment of labial palpus fus-

cous with creamy-white median fascia; abdomen with black

lateral line on each side dimorphella, new species (p. 97)

Outer discal spot cream colored; terminal segment of labial
palpus with apex and subapical annulus black; abdomen with
row of black spots on each side beneath costosa (Haworth) (p. 113)

18. Outer discal spot absent or indistinct; subbasal annulus of third

segment of labial palpus brick red robiniella (Packard) (p. 92)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 47

Outer discal spot conspicuous; subbasal annulus of third segment

of labial palpus never brick red 19

19. Outer discal spot preceded by an orange-red streak

tlielmae, new species (p. 96)
Outer discal spot not preceded by any such streak 20

20. Outer discal spot whitish or whitish ochreous 21

Outer discal spot black or blackish fuscous 24

21. At basal third of fore wing two conspicuous black discal spots

surrounded by a pale ochreous shade lecontella (Clemens) (p. 94)

Discal spots at basal third of fore wing not surrounded by a pale

ochreous shade 22

22. Ground color of fore wing reddish ochreous; outer discal spot

white pulvipennella (Clemens) (p. 76)

Ground color otherwise 23

23. Ground color of fore wing whitish ochreous; outer discal spot

white with black ring arnicella (Walsingham) (p. 90)

Ground color of fore wing pale grayish ochreous; outer discal

spot sordid whitish argillacea (Walsingham) (p. 98)

24. Fore wing ochreous overlaid with reddish fuscous; third segment

of labial palpus with subbasal and supramedial annuli and tip

black fusciterminella, new species (p. 80)

Fore wing light ochreous irrorated with blackish fuscous and
shaded with fuscous; third segment of labial palpus with sub-
basal and supramedial annuli blackish fuscous, tip whitish
ochreous pallidella (Busck) (p. 88)

25. Fore wing predominantly red, tawny-red or reddish brown 26

Fore wing otherwise 33

26. Fore wing tawny-red fulva (Walsingham) (p. 53)

Fore wing otherwise 27

27. Costa of fore wing conspicuously grayish 28

Costa of fore wing otherwise 29

28. Brush of second segment of labial palpus trumpet-shaped

antennariella, new species (p. 108)
Brush of second segment of labial palpus not trumpet-shaped

oregonensis, new species (p. 65)

29. Fore wing crimson-red irrorated with black and cinereous

scales; costa lighter, tawny-red walsinghamella (Busck) (p. 78)

Fore wing otherwise 30

30. Fore wing reddish brown 31

Fore wing ochreous-white suffused with reddish fuscous and

sparsely irrorated with black scales 32

31. Third segment of labial palpus with subbasal and subapical

annuli and apex black; abdomen with a lateral row of black

spots on each side beneath psoraliella (Walsingham) (p. 121)

Third segment of labial palpus with subbasal and subapical an-
nuli black; apex yellowish white; abdomen with four longi-
tudinal rows of fuscous spots beneath clemensella (Chambers) (p. 68)

32. Fore wing strongly suffused with reddish fuscous; discal spots

usually not sharply contrasted rosaciliella (Busck) (p. 83)

Fore wing liberally sprinkled with fuscous to black scales, but
these and discal spots usually sharply contrasted

echinopanicis, new subspecies (p. 86)

33. Fore wing some shade of gray 34

Fore wing otherwise 38

48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

34. Brush of second segment of labial palpus trumpet-shaped; fore

wing lavender-gray nebulosa (Zeller) (p. 110)

Brush of second segment of labial palpus not trumpet-shaped;

fore wing not lavender-gray 35

35. Fore wing without row of dark subterminal spots; ground color

gray, carmine tinted; third segment of labial palpus light
grayish ochreous with black apex and black spot near base

anteriorly sanguinella (Busck) (p. 123)

Fore wing and labial palpus otherwise 36

36. Third segment of labial palpus with two conspicuous dark annul! 37

Third segment of labial palpus without conspicuous bands;

suffused with ochreous-gray outwardly muricolorella (Busck) (p. 64)

37. Fore wing pale yellowish gray with rosy tint on apical third of

wing and on basal half of inner margin canadensis (Busck )(p. 104)

Fore wing ochreous-gray without rosy tint senicionella (Busck) (p. 107)

38. Fore wing grayish fuscous 39

Fore wing otherwise 40

39. Fore wing without dark subterminal spots; third segment of

labial palpus with subbasal and supramedial annuli and tip

black cajonensis, new species (p. 82)

Fore wing with dark subterminal spots; third segment with sub-
basal and supramedial annuli black; apex sordid whitish

novi-mundi (Walsingham) (p. 87)

40. Fore wing some shade of brown or fuscous 41

Fore wing luteous, infuscated; cilia fuscous, tipped with luteous

ciarkei Keifer (p. 66)

41. Alar expanse, 16-17 mm 42

Alar expanse, 20-25 mm 43

42. Fore wing violaceous-brown; apical third of terminal segment of labial

palpus black amyrisella (Busck) (p. 124)

Fore wing ochreous-brown; terminal segment of labial palpus with
subbasal and supramedial annuli black; apical third ochreous-white

amissella (Busck) (p. 117)

43. Fore wing light brown, without row of dark subterminal spots

pergandeella (Busck) (p. 116)
Fore wing brownish or ochreous-fuscous and with row of dark subter-
minal spots 44

44. Third segment of labial palpus with basal three-fourths and apex black

nigrinotella (Busck) (p. 101)
Third segment of labial palpus with subbasal and supramedial annuli
and apex blackish fuscous costimacula, new species (p. 102)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF AGONOPTERIX BASED ON MALE
GENITALIA

1. Clasper short, flattened, longitudinal; tegumen and socii strongly sclero-

tized (fig. 152) fulva (Walsingham) (p. 53)

Clasper not flattened and socii never appreciably sclerotized (figs. 153,

157, etc.) 2

2. Socii small and widely separated; tegumen truncated (fig. 153) 3

Socii and tegumen otherwise (fig. 62) 7

3. Hairs of the transtillar lobes coarse and strong (fig. 156) 4

Hairs of the transtillar lobes fine and weak (fig. 153) 6

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 49

4. Coarse, strong hairs of the transtillar lobes three or less (fig. 156) 5

Coarse, strong hairs of transtillar lobes at least six

lythrella (Walsingham) (p. 59)
6. Clasper of harpe stout, curved (fig. 156) hyperella Ely (p. 56)

Clasper of harpe stout, straight (fig. 154) arcuella, new species (p. 58)

6. Anellus broader than long (fig. 161) nubiferella (Walsingham) (p. 60)

Anellus longer than broad (fig. 153) gelidella (Busck) (p. 55)

7. Costa and sacculus of harpe parallel; cucullus broad and rounded (fig.

186) amicella (Walsingham) (p. 90)

Costa and sacculus of harpe not parallel and cucullus not broad and
rounded (figs. 157, 158, etc.) 8

8. Clasper attaining or reaching beyond costa of harpe (figs. 174,

177, 190) 9

Clasper not attaining costa of harpe (figs. 169, 170, etc.) 11

9. Clasper reaching beyond costa of harpe (figs. 177, 190) 10

Clasper not reaching beyond costa of harpe (fig. 174)

costimacula, new species (p. 102)

10. Harpe long, slender; posterior edge of anellus strongly concave

(fig. 190) posticella (Walsingham) (p. 119)

Harpe broad; posterior edge of anellus nearly straight, with

shallow median cleft (fig. 177) psoraliella (Walsingham) (p. 121)

11. Anellus broader than long (figs. 173, 183, 184, 185) 12

Anellus longer than broad (figs. 181, 182, etc.) 16

12. Aedeagus short, stout (figs. 183a, 185a) 13

Aedaegus other\vise 14

13. Posterior margin of anellus strongly convex, smooth (fig. 183)

pergandeella (Busck) (p. 116)
Posterior margin of anellus not strongly convex or smooth (fig.

185) nebulosa (Zeller) (p. 110)

14. Clasper very stout, nearly reaching costa of harpe (fig. 184).

costosa (Haworth) (p. 113)
Clasper slender, not reaching far beyond center of harpe (figs.

159, 173) 15

15. Clasper straight, with small basal protuberance; distal end ser-

rate (fig. 173) flavicomella (Engel) (p. 105)

Clasper hooked, without basal protuberance; distal end not

serrate (fig. 157) curvilineella (Beutenmuller) (p. 62)

16. Clasper abruptly broadened at distal end (fig. 181)

sabulella (Walsingham) (p. Ill)
Clasper otherwise 17

17. Lobes of anellus large, prominent (figs. 158, 159) 18

Lobes of anellus small, inconspicuous (figs. 169, 170, 176, 179) 30

18. Posterior margin of anellus distinctly concave (figs. 158, 159,

160, 163, 164, 165, 180, 188) 19

Posterior margin of anellus not distinctly concave (figs. 162, 166,

172, 178, 182) .". 26

19. Clasper reaching well beyond middle of harpe (figs. 159, 160,

163, 164, 180, 188)_...l 20

Clasper not reaching much beyond middle of harpe (figs. 158, 165) 25

20. Aedeagus slender, sharply pointed (figs. 159a, 163a, 164a, 180a) 21

Aedeagus stout (figs. 160a, 188a) 24

50 PROCEJIJDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ]MUSEUM vol. 90

21. Anellus narrowed posteriori}^; clasper very slender (fig. 159)

clemensella (Chambers) (p. 68)
Anellus not appreciably narrowed posteriorly; clasper strong

(figs. 163, 164) ' 22

22. Anellus with a narrow, biramous, strongly sclerotized median

area pulvipennella (Clemens) (p. 76)

Anellus without such sclerotized area (figs. 163, 180) 23

23. Lateral lobes of anellus nearly attaining posterior edge of cen-

tral plate (fig. 180) cajonensis, new species (p. 82)

Lateral lobes of anellus not nearly attaining posterior edge of

central plate (fig. 163) eupatoriiella (Chambers) (p. 74)

24. Anellus strongly constricted anteriorly; harpe abruptly narrowed

beyond clasper (fig. 160) atrodorsella (Clemens) (p. 70)

Anellus not strongly constricted anteriorly and harpe not
abruptly narrowed beyond clasper (fig. 188)

latipalpella Barnes and Busck (p. 118)

25. Distal half of aedeagus much more slender than proximal half

(fig. 165a) walsinghamella (Busck) (p. 78)

Aedeagus of about equal thickness throughout its length (fig.

158a) muricolorella (Busck) (p. 64)

26. Clasper nearly attaining costa of harpe (figs. 162, 178) 27

Clasper not reaching much beyond middle of harpe (figs. 166,

172, 182) 28

27. Posterior edge of anellus convex (fig. 178) clarkei Keifer (p. 66)

Posterior edge of anellus not convex (fig. 162)

pteleae Barnes and Busck (p. 72)

28. Aedeagus long, slender (fig. 166a) rosaciliella (Busck) (p. 83)

Aedeagus stout (figs. 172a, 182a) 29

29. Anellus with a narrow, longitudinal, weakly sclerotized median

area; cucullus rather pointed (fig. 182) pallidella (Busck) (p. 88)

Anellus without such median area; cucullus rounded (fig. 172)

senicionella (Busck) (p. 107)

30. Clasper twisted (fig. 168) novi-ravxndi (Walsingham) (p. 87)

Clasper not twisted (fig. 167, etc.) 31

31. Clasper reaching at least three-fourths of the way to costa of

harpe (figs. 170, 187) 32

Clasper reaching to or slightly beyond middle of harpe (fig. 167, etc.).. 34

32. Clasper straight (figs. 170, 187) 33

Clasper definitely curved distally (fig. 176)__oregonensis, new species (p. 65)

33. Clasper stout (fig. 187) amissella (Busck) (p. 117)

Clasper slender (fig. 170) nigrinotella (Busck) (p. 101)

34. Posterior edge of anellus concave (figs. 171, 179) 35

Posterior edge of anellus not concave (figs. 167, 169, 175, 189) 36

35. Clasper slender, reaching slightly beyond middle of harpe (fig.

171) argillacea (Walsingham) (p. 98)

Clasper stout, not reaching beyond middle of harpe (fig. 178)

dimorphella, new species (p. 97)

36. Anellus nearly round (figs. 169, 189) 37

AneUus roughly rectangular (fies. 167, 175) 39

37. Posterior margin of anellus with shallow cleft; cucullus sharply

pointed (fig. 189) sanguinella (Busck) (p. 123)

Posterior margin of anellus without any trace of a median cleft;

cucullus dull-pointed (fig. 169) 38

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 51

38. Cornuti fine, spiculate (fig. 169a) robiniella (Packard) (p. 92)

Cornuti coarse, small thelmae, new species (p. 96)

39. Posterior margin of anellus distinctly convex (fig. 167)

fusciterminella, new species (p. 80)
Posterior margin of anellus not distinctly convex (fig. 175)

antennariella, new species (p. 108)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF AGONOPTERIX BASED ON FEMALE
GENITALIA

1. Bursa copulatrix with signuin (figs. 241, 255, 270, etc.) 5

Bursa copulatrix without siguum (figs. 229, 240, 272) 2

2. Ductus bursae short, not much longer than bursa copulatrix

(fig. 272) amyrisella (Busck) (p. 124)

Ductus bursae much longer than bursa copulatrix 3

3. Anterior edge of genital plate convex, entire; ostium large,

round (fig. 240) hyperella Ely (p. 56)

Anterior edge of genital plate produced (figs. 229, 259A) 4

4. Produced margin of genital plate before ostium truncate; ostium

round (fig. 229) diraorphella, new species (p. 97)

Produced margin of genital plate before ostium strongly convex;

ostium broadly oval (fig. 259a) thelmae, new species (p. 96)

5. Signum minute, round; area posterior to ostium with two small

sclerotized patches (fig. 259) robiniella (Packard) (p. 92)

Signum a small to large toothed or scobinate plate (figs. 242, 245,

250, 255, etc.) 6

6. Ductus bursae with a large sclerotized patch adjacent to bursa

copulatrix (fig. 248) fulva (Walsingham) (p. 53)

Ductus bursae without sucli sclerotized area 7

7. Anterior margin of genital plate cleft (figs. 230a, 249-253) 8

Anterior margin of genital plate not cleft 13

8. Lobe of ovipositor clothed with spines (fig. 230) clarkei Keifer (p. 66)

Lobe of ovipositor not clothed with spines (figs. 249-253) 9

9. Cleft narrow (figs. 251, 253) 10

Cleft semicircular (figs. 249, 250, 252) 11

10. Inception of ductus seminalis at the ostium (fig. 251)

pteleae Barnes and Busck (p. 72)
Inception of ductus seminalis a short distance before the ostium

(fig. 253) pulvipeiinella (Clemens) (p. 76)

11. Anterior points of genital plate nearly touching (fig. 252).

atrodorsella (Clemens) (p. 70)
Anterior points of genital plate widely separated (figs. 249, 250) 12

12. Ostium occupying over half length of genital plate (fig. 249).

eupatoriiella (Chambers) (p. 74)
Ostium occupying less than half length of genital plate (fig. 250).

scabella (Zeller) (p. 72)

13. Genital plate with pronounced anteromedian ventral evagina-

tion (fig. 274) posticella (Walsingham) (p. 119)

Genital plate without such evagination 14

14. Anterior margin of genital plate produced (figs. 255, 261, 265,

266, 269, 270, 273) 15

Anterior margin of genital plate not produced 26

15. Production of margin as wide or nearly as wide as genital plate is

long (figs. 255, 265) 16

Production of margin of genital plate narrower 17

52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

16. Ostium large, round (fig. 265) nigrinotella (Busck) (p. 101)

Ostium spindle-shaped (transverse) (fig. 255) argillacea (Walsingham) (p. 98)

17. Ostial opening definitely in anterior half of genital plate (fig. 261).

costimacula, new species (p. 102)
Ostial opening not definitely in anterior half of genital plate

(figs. 262, 263, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 273) 18

18. Ostial opening about middle of genital plate (figs. 266, 269) 19

Ostial opening definitely in posterior half of genital plate (figs.

262, 264, 267, 268, 270, 273) 20

19. Anterior to ostium a strongly sclerotized crescent-shaped bar;

posterior to ostium a small sclerotized rectangular area

(fig. 269) amissella (Busck) (p. 117)

Anterior to ostium an elongate, slightly curved, sclerotized mar-
gin; no sclerotized area posterior to ostium (fig. 266)

nebulosa (Zeller) (p. 110)

20. Signum distinctly 4-pointed (figs. 262, 264, 270, 273) 22

Signum not 4-pointed (figs. 267, 268) 21

21. Genital plate broad, with a gently concave, narrow, sclerotized

anterior margin; ostial opening on extreme posterior edge

(fig. 268) latipalpella Barnes and Busck (p. 118)

Genital plate narrow with a broad, convex anterior margin; ostial
opening not reaching extreme posterior edge of genital plate
(fig. 267) flavicomella (Engel) (p. 105)

22. Ostial opening occupying more than half length of genital

plate (figs. 262, 263, 270) 24

Ostial opening occupying half or less than half length of genital

plate (figs. 264, 273) 23

23. Signum large, with small, scattered teeth; lateral points much

larger than anterior and posterior points (fig. 273)

costosa (Haworth) (p. 113)
Signum small, with strong teeth; lateral, anterior, and posterior

points about equal in length (fig. 264) antennariella, new species (p. 108)

24. Posterior and anterior points of signum of about equal length

(fig. 263) senicionella (Busck) (p. 107)

Posterior and anterior points of unequal length (figs. 262, 270) 25

25. Anterior point of signum longer than posterior point (fig. 262)

canadensis (Busck) (p. 104)
Anterior point of signum shorter than posterior point (fig.
270). sabulella (Walsingham) (p. Ill)

26. Signum situated in extreme anterior end of bursa copulatrix

(figs. 242, 243, 245, 247a, 271) 27

Signum not situated in extreme anterior end of bursa copula-
trix (figs. 241, 246, 254, 256, 257, 258) 31

27. Ostial opening at extreme anterior margin of genital plate (fig.

271) psoraliella (Walsingham) (p. 121)

Ostial opening not at anterior edge of genital plate (figs. 242,

243, 245, 247) 28

28. Ostial opening at extreme posterior edge of genital plate (fig.

242) clemensella (Chambers) (p. 68)

Ostial opening not at posterior edge of genital plate (figs. 243,

245, 247) 29

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 53

29. At posterior end of ostium two small, sclerotized lateral areas

(fig. 243) muricolorella (Busck) (p. 64)

No such sclerotized areas at posterior end of ostium (figs. 245,

247) 30

30. Signum a distinctly 4-pointed plate (fig. 247a) gelidella (Busck) (p. 55)

Signum irregular, not 4-pointed (fig. 245)

curvilineella (Beutenmliller) (p. 62)

31. Ostial opening at extreme posterior edge of genital plate (fig.

254) walsinghamella (Busck) (p. 78)

Ostial opening otherwise (figs. 244, 246, 256, 257, 258) 32

32. Bursa copulatrix symmetrical (figs. 244a, 256, 257, 258) 34

Bursa copulatrix distinctly asymmetrical (figs. 241, 246) 33

33. Signum oval; ostium oval (fig. 246) arcuella, new species (p. 58)

Signum diamond-shaped, ostium elliptical (fig. 241)

oregonensis, new species (p. 65)

34. Signum large (figs. 244a, 258) 35

Signum small (figs. 256, 257) 36

35. Signum a 4-pointed plate (fig. 244a) cajonensis, new species (p. 82)

Signum roughly diamond-shaped (fig. 258)

fusciterminella, new species (p. 80)

36. Signum bilobed (fig. 257) rosaciliella (Busck) (p. 83)

Signum oval (fig. 256) pallidella (Busck) (p. 88)

AGONOPTERIX FULVA (Walsingham)

Plate 25. Figuees 152, 152a ; Plate 42, Figxjee 248

Depressaria fulva Walsingham, Trans. Amer, Ent. Soc, vol. 10, p. 175, 1882. —

Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5251, 1891.—

Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 741, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus.

Bull. 52, No. 5871, 1903.— Keakfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal

America, No. 6414, 1903.— Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.

180, p. 176, 1922.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 824,

1939.
Agonoptcryx fulva (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198,

1908.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.
Agnopteryx fulva (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6453, 1917.
Agonopterix fulva (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8446, 1939.
Labial palpus with second segment tawny-red outwardly irrorated
with whitish and fuscous scales, whitish inwardly ; third segment sor-
did whitish with a poorly defined narrow, light tawny-red subapical
band. Antenna pubescent, fuscous, narrowly and faintly annulated
with ochreous. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing tawny-
red ; thorax suffused with fuscous and irrorated with white posteriorly ;
fore wing irrorated with fuscous and with a large fuscous shade at end
of cell; in the center of this shade is a white discal spot (absent in some
specimens) ; at extreme base of wing on inner angle a small transverse
whitish patch not reaching costa ; veins, beyond cell, marked with fus-
cous scales ; cilia grayish fuscous edged lightly with rosy red. Hind

54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

wing and cilia grayish fuscous, the latter lightly edged with rosy red.
Legs whitish inwardly, overlaid outwardly with tawny-red and with a
rosy-red suffusion; tarsi fuscous narrowly annulated with whitish.
Abdomen grayish-fuscous above, whitish beneath, strongly overlaid
with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Strikingly different fi'om those of any other de-
scribed North American species : Harpe only moderately clothed with
hairs at the cucullus and along the costal edge ; sacculus deeply folded
and very strongly sclerotized; clasper short, flattened, longitudinal,
constricted at middle, broadly rounded at its extremity. Anellus
broadly oval, moderately sclerotized, with a deep excavation on the
posterior edge. Vinculum broadly rounded. Aedeagus sharply bent
near the middle, slender, dilated at the distal end ; armed with many
short, stout, cornuti. Tegumen strongly sclerotized, more so along
the ventral edges. Socii strongly sclerotized flaps, very sparsely
clothed with hairs. Gnathos a small, round, spined knob.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, strongly sclerotized except
for a narrow, median, longitudinal membranous portion posterior to
ostium. Ostium large with deeply concave anterior edge, and open-
ing near anterior edge of genital plate. Ductus bursae membranous
except for a large sclerotized patch adjacent to bursa copulatrix and
a short portion before ostium ; anterior to the latter the ductus bursae
is constricted at the inception of the ductus seminalis. Signum a
small, irregular sclerotized plate.

Alar expanse, 22-24 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Not designated.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Rocky Mountains region of the United States and
Canada, and eastern Canada.

United States records

Arizona: White Mountains, Apaclie County, near McNary P. O., 2 {1-15-IX-25,
O. O. Poling).

Canadian records

Alberta: "Head of Pine Creek," Calgary, $ (VIII-5-05, F. H. Wolley-Dod).
British Columbia: Jesmond, S (2-VIII-1937, J. K. Jacob).
New Brunswick: Fredericktown, $ ("August 20").
Ontario: Stittsville, $, 2 (21-VIII-1939, E. G. Lester).

I have seen other specimens without locality labels.

Remarks. — An easily recognizable species not to be confused with
any other described from North America.

The type, which is before me, shows only a single white scale in the
single discal spot at the end of the cell as described by Walsingham,
but a "homotype" from Alberta, which is clearly this species, shows a

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 55

well-defined spot at the end of the cell. A third specimen, from
Beutenniiiller's collection, has only a few blackish scales suggesting
this same spot.

The female from Arizona, which I have identified as this species,
undoubtedly belongs here.

AGONOPTERIX GELIDELLA (Busck)

Plate 25, Figures 153, 153a ; Plate 42, Figxikes 247, 247a

Depressaria gelidella Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 9, p. 90, 1908. —

Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 177, 1922. — Gaede,

in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 325, 1939.
Agoywpteryx gelideUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1908.
Agnopteryx gelideUa (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6450, 1917.
Agonopterix gelidella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.

S451, 1939.

Labial palpus yellowish white ; second segment purplish black out-
wardly tinged with carmine; third segment strongly suffused with
purplish black anteriorly, tip white. Antenna purplish black on
basal segment, remainder fuscous. Head grayish fuscous. Thorax
purplish gray; tegula purplish black tipped with whitish. Ground
color of fore wing dark purplish fuscous, sparsely irrorated with
black; near base, from inner margin, a transverse yellowish-white
streak, not reaching costa; on the disk, at basal third, a crescent-
shaped black dash with a few carmine scales mixed and followed by
a white patch ; at the end of cell a white spot edged with black ; costa
faintly spotted with whitish; from costa a poorly defined, narrow,
outwardly curved whitish line to inner margin before tornus ; around
termen a series of blackish- fuscous spots forming an almost continu-
ous fine line before cilia; inner margin and apical portion of wing
carmine tinted ; cilia grayish fuscous. Hind wing yellowish fuscous ;
cilia light fuscous with considerable white mixed. Legs yellowish
white inwardly, purplish black outwardly. Abdomen grayish fuscous
above, yellowish white beneath, suffused and irrorated with fuscous
and with a longitudinal row of black spots on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe only weakly sclerotized and moderately
clothed with hairs; cucullus rounded; clasper very stout, somewhat
dilated distally; outer edge rough; reaching two-thirds distance to-
ward costa. Anellus narrow, longer than broad, roughly rectangular,
emarginate on the posterior edge; lateral lobes weak. Vinculum
broad, rounded. Aedeagus moderately stout, gently curved and ter-
minating in a sharp upturned point; just before middle a forked
sclerotized arm by which it is attached to the anellus. Transtilla a
weakly sclerotized band with large, hairy lateral lobes, the hairs fine

56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

and weak. Gnathos an oval, spined knob. Socii very small, widely
separated, sparsely clothed with fine hairs. Tegumen truncated.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad with a row of strong hairs
on posterior margin. Ostium large, round, nearer to anterior than
to posterior edge ; anterior edge well sclerotized. Ductus bursae long,
rather stout, constricted just before ostium at inception of ductus
seminalis. Bursa copulatrix large with a well developed 4-pointed
signum in the anterior end.

Alar expanse, 19-20 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (A. W. Hanham)

Distribution. — Alberta, eastward to Ontario.

Canadian records

Alberta: Nordegg, $ (l-VIII-1921, J. McDunnough).

Manitoba: Winnipeg, 2 $ $ (no date, A. W. Hanham).

Ontario: Ottawa, $, 5 (&-VII-1905, 25-VII-1906, C. H. Young) ; Trenton, $

(27-VI-1911, Evans).
Saskatchewan: Earl Grey, $ (24-VII-1925, J. D. Ritchie) ; Indian Head, 9

(3-VIII-1925, J. J. de Gryse).

Remarks. — This and the following species are similar in pattern
to the European conterminella (Zeller) .

The abdomen of the type is missing, but I do not hesitate to place
the series before me under this name.

Through the courtesy of Dr. McDunnough I have been able to
dissect one of the only two females I have seen and have figured the
genitalia.

This species has been recorded fi'om British Columbia, but all
specimens so determined are referable to oregonensis (new species) .

AGONOPTERIX HYPERELLA Ely

Plate 25, Figxjbes 156, 156a ; Plate 42, Figube 240

Agonopterys hyperella Ely, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 12, p. 68, 1910.

Agonopteryx hyperella (Ely) Foebes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68,
p. 240, 1923.

Agonopterix hyperella (Ely) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.
8438, 1939.

Agnopteryx hyperella (Ely) Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Boreal America, No. 6457, 1917.

Depressaria testiflca Meykick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 316, 1920; in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. (New synonymy.)

(Not Agonopteryx hyperella McDunnough, Can. Ent., vol. 67, p. 74, 1935.)

Labial palpus creamy white, exteriorly heavily overlaid with
fuscous; third segment with a broad black subapical annulation.
Antenna dark purplish fuscous annulated with gray. Head creamy

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 57

white in front, grayish above. Thorax lavender-gray overlaid with
cinereous to white scales. Fore wing dark grayish lavender shaded
with yellowish brown, especially toward inner margin; at base of
wing, from inner angle almost to costa, a transverse yellowish line
preceded by two black spots, one near costa, the other at inner angle ;
in center of cell a black crescent-shaped dash margined with yellowish
brown and followed by a grayish shade ; between the upper point of
this dash and the costa a small black spot similarly edged with yel-
lowish brown ; at the end of cell a conspicuous, though small, cream-
colored or yellowish spot edged with brown and preceded and fol-
lowed with a few scattered black scales; costa somewhat strigulated
with fuscous and grayish; around termen, at base of cilia, a thin
fuscous to black line; cilia light purplish fuscous mixed with gray.
Hind wing smoky fuscous; cilia somewhat more brownish with a
fuscous basal band. Legs creamy white to yellowish shaded with
fuscous exteriorly except at joints. Abdomen grayish fuscous above;
beneath, yellowish overlaid with fuscous and with indistinct black
lateral lines.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, moderately clothed with fine hairs;
clasper very stout, gently curved inwardly, its outer edge rugose;
cucullus bluntly pointed; sacculus short, broadly folded. Anellua
deeply incised on posterior margin, concave laterally; lateral lobes
scarcely developed. Aedeagus curved, pointed, with a short ventral
arm which articulates with the anellus; vesica armed with fine
cornuti. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band
with well-developed lateral lobes; each lateral lobe bears three long,
stout hairs. Gnathos a spined oval knob. Socii small, widely sepa-
rated. Tegumen truncated.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized;
anterior edge convex, entire. Ostium large, round; at center of
genital plate. Ductus bursae membranous; inception of ductus semi-
nalis shortly before ostium. Bursa copulatrix without signum.

Alar expanse, 15-18 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type localities. — Great Falls, Md., and Great Falls, Va.

Food plant. — Hypericum proli-jicum L.

Distribution. — Middle Atlantic States.

United States records

Maryland: Great Falls, 2 $ $, 9 (V-26-09, Chas. R. Ely) ; Plummors Island, $

(V-30-09, Chas, R. Ely).
Virginia: Great Falls, $ (V-31-10, Chas. R. Ely).

Remarks. — Meyrick proposed testifica in place of hyperella think-
ing that the latter name was mtended for hypencella of Hiibner and
further states that hyperella is preoccupied by hypeHcella. Ely's

58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. so

species is distinct from the European hypericella, and hyperella is not
invalidated by Hiibner's name. I, therefore, reinstate Ely's species
and sink Meyrick's name.

The stout, gently recurved clasper of hyperella distinguishes it from
both lythrella and arcueUa. The clasper of lythrella is slender and
straight, and that of arcueUa is stout and straight. The separation
of lytJvrella from gelidella is discussed under lythrella. The females,
however, give the best characters for separating hyperella from
arcueUa. The signum is present in arcueUa, absent in hyperella.

AGONOPTERIX ARCUELLA. new species

Plate 25, Figure 154 ; Plate 42, Figube 246
Agonopteryx hyperella McDunnough [not Ely], Can. Ent., vol. 67, p. 74, 1935.

A small reddish-purple species closely related to the foregoing two
and to the following species.

Head yellowish ochreous, mixed with golden-brown; labial palpus
whitish ochreous ; brush of the second segment narrow, heavily over-
laid with reddish purple and black outwardly and beneath; terminal
segment thickened, reddish purple and black exteriorly, with incom-
plete reddish-purple basal and subapical annuli ; antenna with basal
segment blackish fuscous, with narrow ochreous apical annulus;
remainder of antenna fuscous, ochreous annulated, and the whole
with a purplish sheen.

Thorax strongly crested, yellowish ochreous mixed with golden-
brown ; tegula and crest yellowish purple, the former strongly shaded
with fuscous. Ground color of fore wing reddish purple strongly
suffused with fuscous along costa and at base ; the fuscous basal shad-
ing terminated by a sharply contrasting, narrow, whitish ochreous
line and including a sharply contrasted black spot near dorsal edge;
another similar black spot at base of radius; costa strigulated with
whitish and carmine ; at basal third an outwardly curved black cres-
cent preceded by carmine and followed by whitish scales ; discal spot
at end of cell white ; from middle of costa to center of wing a strong
whitish shading from costa; at apical third an indistinct fascia out-
wardly curved to between veins 6 and 7, then turned back, parallel
to termen, nearly to dorsum; cilia purplish fuscous, carmine tipped,
with black basal line from veins 3 to 7. Hind wing brownish fus-
cous; cilia a shade lighter with dark subbasal and light basal line;
underside with strong black line at base of cilia. Legs blackish fus-
cous, with whitish outwardly on femora and reddish purple on tibiae
and tarsi; tarsi annulated yellowish ochreous. Abdomen fuscous
with much yellowish ochreous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately sclerotized and sparsely clothed
with hairs ; cucullus rounded ; clasper stout, straight, rugose on outer

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 59

edge; anellus roughly oval, emarginate on posterior edge; lateral
lobes undeveloped; aedeagus stout, pointed, slightly curved, with
large spinulate patch. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a sclerotized
band with large lateral lobes, the latter with few strong, coarse hairs.
Gnathos an oval spined knob. Socii small, widely separated, with
few hairs. Tegumen truncated.

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, oval at about center of genital
plate; genital plate membranous or sclerotized posterior to ostium;
ductus bursae long, membranous, slightly dilated at point of inception
of ductus seminalis ; bursa copulatrix large, asymmetrical, bulging on
left side ; oval, with oval, spined signum.

Alar expanse, 16-18 mm.

Type. — In the Canadian National Collection.

Paratypes. — U. S. N. M. No. 52078. Also in Canadian National
Collection and collection of Dr. A. F. Braun.

Type locality. — White Point Beach, Queens County, Nova Scotia.

Food plant. — Hypericum virginicuTn L.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, IQ $ $ and 10 9 5 para-
types all from Wliite Point Beach, Queens County, Nova Scotia
(VIII-7 to 13-34, J. McDunnough) ; 2 5 $ , $ , Sparrow Lake, Ontario
(VII-1-26, A. F. Braun); $, Black Mountains, North Carolina
("VII-20").

McDunnough misidentified this species and reported it under the
name A. hyperella Ely. In addition to the above I now have two
specimens from Chamcook, New Brunswick, Canada (4— 5-VIII-1938,
T. N. Freeman; Rf. Hypericum sp.) submitted by Dr. J. McDunnough,
and three specimens from Orrington, Maine (24-VII-1922, A. C.
Ward; Rf. Hypericum sp.), submitted by J. V. Schaffner.

AGONOPTERIX LYTHRELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 25, Figuke 155

Depressor ia lythreUa Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol 1, p. 257, 1889. — Busck, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 744, 1902; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5879, 1903.— Ke,\rfott, in Smitli, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6422, 1903. — Meyrick, in W.ytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 176, 1922.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 332,
1939.

Agonopteryx lythrella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 35, p.
199, 1908.— FoEBES, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.

Agonopterix lythrella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8437, 1939.

Agnopteryx lythrella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6468, 1917.— Bbimley, The Insects
of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938.

60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Labial palpus yellowish mottled exteriorly with purplish fuscous;
third segment with indistinct basal and subapical fuscous annuli.
Antenna fuscous broadly annulated with tawny. Head and thorax
cinereous, the former with a fuscous median shade, the latter irrorated
with purplish fuscous ; tegula purplish fuscous. Fore wing brownish
purple dusted with fuscous and with much cinereous scaling along
costa; at base, from inner angle almost to costa a narrow, cream-
colored, transverse line preceded at inner angle by a distinct black
spot; on disk, before middle, a short outwardly curved, black
crescent-shaped dash edged with reddish and followed by cinereous;
at end of cell a small cream-colored spot edged with fuscous; from
costa to termen at apical third a more or less distinct cinereous fascia ;
inner margin narrowly shaded with reddish ; around termen, at base
of cilia, a narrow blackish-fuscous line; cilia purplish gray. Hind
wing and cilia brownish gray, the latter edged with cinereous. Legs
cream-colored strongly overlaid and irrorated exteriorly with pur-
plish fuscous except at joints. Abdomen purplish gray above;
beneath, cream-colored strongly suffused and overlaid with purplish
fuscous.

Alar expanse, 13-18 mm.

Tyfe. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — "Illinois."

Food plant. — Lythrum alatum Pursh.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records
Illinois.
North Carolina: Black Mountains (July 20, from larvae).

Remarks. — The male genitalia of this species are nearly identical
with those of hyperella, arcuella, nuhiferella, and gelidella. The
clasper of the harpe (fig. 155), however, is much more slender than
that of any of the other four. Each of the hairy lobes of the
transtilla bears about half a dozen strong hairs. In hyperella and
arcuellu there are only two or three hairs and in gelidella the hairs
are numerous but weak. I have not seen the female genitalia of this
species. All females examined are without abdomens.

AGONOPTERIX NUBIFERELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 26, Figuees 161, 161a

Depressaria nuhiferella Walsingham, Proc. Zool. See. Lonclou, ISSl, p. 316,
pi. 36, fig. 6.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 745, 1C02 ; iyi Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5S81, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No 6424, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 27, p. 764, 1904. — MeyeicKs in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 335, 1939.

Agonopteryx nuMferella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 199, 1908.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 61

Affonopterix nuUfereUa (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera), No. 8450, 1939.

Agnoptcryx nuUfercUa (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6470, 1917.

Labial palpus light ochreous, second segment overlaid with brownish
red exteriorly ; third segment with subapical annulus of the same color.
Antenna fuscous with slight reddish luster. Head, thorax, and ground
color of fore wing ochreous ; tegula and anterior part of thorax over-
laid with brownish red. Extreme base, except costa, of fore wing
unmarked, remainder of wing suffused with brownish red and irrorated
with scattered fuscous scales ; from costa, across end of cell, almost to
inner margin, a dark brownish-red shade with a fuscous central discal
dot ; this shade is preceded by two more or less distinct brownish-red
discal dots, obliquely one above the other ; along costa a series of red-
dish-fuscous spots; around termen, at base of cilia, a line of the same
color ; cilia ochreous, shaded with brownish red. Hind wing grayish
fuscous ; cilia yellowish basally, grayish fuscous apically. Legs light
ochreous; anterior and median pair strongly overlaid with reddish
fuscous except at joints; posterior legs irrorated and suffused with
light fuscous except at joints. Abdomen ochreous overlaid with
fuscous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe clothed with rather coarse hairs; cucullus
rounded; clasper short, reaching just beyond middle, but very stout,
bluntly pointed. Anellus a lightly sclerotized plate, broader than long,
indented at the posterior edge ; lateral lobes undeveloped. Vinculum
rounded. Aedeagus stout, dorsoventrally depressed, with a slightly
upturned point; near the base is a bifid plate by which the aedeagus
articulates with the anellus. Transtilla a narrow band with large,
hairy lateral lobes, the hairs fine and weak. Gnathos an oval spined
knob. Socii very small, widely separated, and sparsely clothed with
fine hairs. Tegmnen truncated.

Alar expanse, 18-20 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Eogue River, Oreg.

Food plant. — Hypericum perforatum L. (The Hypericum referred
to by Walsingham is probably this species also.)

Distribution. — Western United States and Canada.

United States records

California: Mendocino and Shasta Counties (June and July 1871, Walsingham).
Idaho: Lapwai (V-28 to l-VI-35, J. F. G. Clarke [reared]).
Oregon: Rogue River.

Washington: Logan Hill, Chehalis (IX-8-29, T. M. Clarke) ; Pullman
(VH-24-9S and VIII-10-9S, C. V. Piper).

62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Canadian records
British Columbia: Shawnigan Lake, Vancouver Island (VII-14-23, E. H.
Blackmore) .

Remarks. — This and the four foregoing species all have very sim-
ilar genitalia, but nubiferella has distinctly narrower harpes than the
others and is widely different in pattern and coloration.

All the specimens I have seen are males. The California and Oregon
specimens (including cotypes) are all considerably lighter in colora-
tion than specimens from Washington, Idaho, and British Columbia.
The northern specimens may represent a species distinct from that rep-
resented by the California and Oregon specimens, presenting a par-
allel case with that of arcueJla and hyperella in which the females
give the only reliable character for separation. The type locality
(from which I have two specimens) is not far from the locality where
the Idaho material was collected, and it does not seem likely, there-
fore, that the two color forms represent different species. Until fe-
males from both northern and southern localities are obtained I
believe it advisable to leave both color forms under one name.

AGONOPTERIX CURVILINEELLA (Bentenmuller)

Plate 26, Figures 157, 157a ; Plate 42, Figueb 245

Depressaria curvilineella BEXJTENMtiLLEit, Ent. Amer., vol. 5, p. 10, 1889. — Busck,
in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5874, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6417, 1903. — Meyeick, in Wyts-
man. Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidop-
terorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 321, 1939.

Depressaria curvilinieUa Rilet, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 5260, 1891. — Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New
Jersey, p. 474, 1900.— Btjsck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 742, 1002.

Agonopteryx curvilinieUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1908.

Agonopteryx curviUneella (Beutenmiiller) Forres, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.

Agonopterix curvilineella (Beutenmiiller) McDunnough, Check list of the Lep-
idoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera). No. 8439, 1939.

Agnopteryx curvilinieUa Ke^^kfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the Insects of New-
Jersey, p. 561, 1910.

Agnopteryx curvilineella (Beutenmiiller) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6445, 1917.

Labial palpus white ; second segment irrorated with blackish fuscous
exteriorly; third segment with basal and subapical bands and apex
blackish fuscous. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing light
grayish ochreous; face white; base of tegula and fore part of thorax
suffused with brown; fore wing, except extreme base and basal half
of costa, strongly suffused with brown and irrorated with scattered

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 63

in pale basal patch two small blackish-fuscous
spots; along costa and around termen a series of blackish-fuscous spots,
those around termen small and indistinct ; at end of cell a white discal
spot edged with blackish fuscous and preceded by a long, curved,
blackish-fuscous discal dash ; cilia light grayish ochreous, suffused with
brown. Hind wing gi-ayish fuscous; cilia white with grayish-fuscous
basal band. Legs white suffused with fuscous ; tarsi of hind legs with a
fuscous spot at the base of each. Abdomen grayish ochreous above
suffused with fuscous ; beneath, whitish sparsely irrorated with fuscous
scales and with a row of blackish-fuscous spots on each side ; between
these rows of spots two rows of smaller spots of the same color.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, profusely clothed with fine hairs, par-
ticularly basally; cucullus pointed; sacculus moderately sclerotized,
broad; clasper slender, heavily sclerotized, hooked, reaching two-thirds
distance toward costa and without basal protuberance ; anellus moder-
ately sclerotized, oval, broader than long, with weak lateral hairy
lobes. Vinculum with a well-developed dorsoanterior process.
Aedeagus nearly straight, wedge-shaped, bluntly pointed. Transtilla
a narrow sclerotized band, with sparsely hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos
a finely spined, elongate-oval knob. Socii weakly sclerotized, broad,
hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately sclerotized. Ostium
near middle of genital plate. Ductus bursae long, slender, mem-
branous. Bursa copulatrix oval; signum a small, irregular, sclero-
tized plate, armed with short thornlike teeth.

Alar expanse, 15-20 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — "New York."

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records
District of Columbia: Chain Bridge, 2 9 5 (October 20, 1920, A. Busck).
Maryland: Cabin John (11-26-11, F. Knab) ; Plummers Island, 29 5 5, 14 9 9

(March and April dates ; A. Busck and H. S. Barber).
New Jersey: Essex County Park, 9 ("June 10," W. D. Kearfott).
New York: 2 9 9 (Beutenmiiller) ; Ithaca, 2 9 9 (6-15-V-30, A. B. Klots) ;

Rochester, 2 9 9 (8-VII-33, A. B. Klots).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 10<J 5, 10 9 9 (May and August to November

dates, H. D. Merrick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County, 3 $ S, 9 (July and

September dates; Fred Marloff).

Canadian records

Manitoba: Aweme (2S-IX-23, N. Criddle) ; Winnipeg, $ (A. W. Hanham.

no date) ; 9 ("1-5-98," no collector).
Ontario: Ottawa (28-VIl-2-VIII-190o, C. H. Young).

64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

AGONOPTERIX MURICOLORELLA (Busck)

Plate 26, Figitbes 158, 15Sa ; Plate 42, Figuee 243

Depressaria muricolorella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 741, 1902;
in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5873, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith,
List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6416, 1903.— Meyrick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922,— Gaisde, in Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 333, 1939.

Agonopteryx muricolorella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 199, 1908.

Agonopterix muricolorella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Canada and tlie United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera). No. 8441, 1939.

Agnopteryx muricolorella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6455, 1917.

Labial palpus creamy white; outside of second and all of third
segment suffused with ochreous-gray ; second segment sparsely ir-
rorated with fuscous. Antenna dark ochreous-gray. Head, thorax,
base and basal third of costa of fore wing light grayish brown ; fore
wing dark mouse gray with sparse blackish-fuscous irrorations and
with a purple tint around edges and at apex; at end of cell a
white discal spot edged outwardly with a semicircle of blackish-
fuscous scales ; first discal spot indicated by a few scattered blackish-
fuscous scales at basal third; on costa and around termen a series
of indistinct blackish-fuscous spots; cilia mouse gray with some
mixture of pale whitish ochreous. Hind wing grayish fuscous;
cilia a shade lighter with light fuscous band and whitish tips.
Legs light grayish ochreous suffused with fuscous. Abdomen dark
purplish gray above; beneath grayish ochreous shaded with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with fine hairs ; cucul-
lus pointed ; clasper rather stout, lightly sclerotized, constricted just
before middle and having a twisted appearance; apex heavily scler-
otized, rough. Anellus oval, longer than broad, with large hairy
lateral lobes; posterior edge concave. Vinculum rounded with a
well developed dorso-anterior process. Aedeagus stout, cur\xd, and
terminating in a sharp, slightly upturned point. Transtilla a scler-
otized band with well developed hairy lateral lobes. Gnathos oval,
clothed with spines. Socii broad, hairy lobes. Tegumen terminating
in a single short median projection.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad; deeply cleft
on posterior edge. Ostium small; near anterior margin of genital
plate ; at posterior end of ostium two small, sclerotized lateral areas.
Ductus bursae long, gradually enlarged to form the small oval
bursa copulatrix. Signum an oblong, sclerotized plate with pro-
jections on the anterior and posterior edges.

Alar expanse, 17-18 nun.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 65

Type locality. — Golden, Colo.

Food 'plants. — "An umbelliferous plant" (Dyar) ; Lomat'mm grayi
Coult. and Rose (Clarke).

Distribution. — Western United States.

United States records

Colorado: Golden, $ (Dyar and Caudell, no date).

Washing'ton: Snake River, Whitman County, opposite Clarkston, 3 5 5,39 9
(V-3()-31, VI-4 to 18-33, and V-11-34, J. P. G. Clarke).

Remarks. — With Busck's unique type male I associate six reared
specimens from the Snake River, AVash. (Clarke Nos. 2944, 4416, 4417,
4418, 4419, and 5209) . The Washington specimens fit the description
in every detail except that some of them show two discal spots, the
single discal spot not being present. In specimen 5209 veins 3 and
4 of the hind wing are short stalked as described, but in the remaining
specimens they are connate. In spite of tlie variation in venation it
would be illogical to consider the Washington specimens anytl.dng
but one species. The male genitalia show some slight variation in
the length of the harpe and shape of the cucullus, but this is not
significant.

AGONOPTERIX OREGONENSIS. new species
PrAiTc 31, Figures 176, 17Ga ; Plate 42, Figuee 241

A small reddish species with contrastingly lighter costa.

Antenna with basal segment blackish fuscous; remainder shining
grayish fuscous, darker distally; narrowly annulated with blackish
fuscous; the whole with a faint reddish sheen. Labial palpus with
second segment light whitish ochreous, the brush pink beneath both
inwardly and outwardly ; outwardly, and at apex inwardly, irrorated
with fuscous; third segment blackish fuscous with a pink-tinged
whitish-ochreous median fascia. Head light brownish fuscous with
a pink suffusion; scales tipped with whitish ochreous; face shining
whitish ochreous. Thorax, tegula, and fore wing brownish fuscous,
the fore wing so heavily overlaid with brick-red scales that it appears
dark reddish. Thorax and tegula with a strong reddish suffusion
anteriorly and much whitish-ochreous scaling posteriorly. Base of
fore wing and costa to middle a contrasting light gray; beyond middle
of wing the light-gray scaling diminishes; extreme costal edge bright
pink spotted with black; along costa, inside the grayish area, and
along veins toward the apex, with abundant black scaling. At the
end of cell a conspicuous white spot encircled with black scales; at
basal third two small, obliquely placed black spots followed by white
scaling; cilia fuscous with pink suffusion. Hind wing dark smoky
fuscous; cilia fuscous; pink tinged apically. Legs whitish. ochreous

286614—41 3

66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

much suffused and irrorated with fuscous ; tarsi fuscous above except
for narrow band of whitish-ochreous at distal ends of segments.
Abdomen grayish fuscous above, whitish ochreous below; posterior
edges of segments above whitish ochreous ; on underside a lateral row
of black spots ; anal tuft tinged with pink.

Male genitalia. — Harpe clothed with many long hairs; cucullus
pointed; costa strongly sclerotized; clasper stout, pointed, reaching
three-fourths of way to costa; definitely curved distally; sacculus
moderately sclerotized. Anellus an elongate, moderately sclerotized
plate, lateral edges concave; anterior edge convex, posterior edge
deeply cleft, lateral lobes small. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus
slender, gently curved, pointed. Transtilla a narrow, strongly scle-
rotized band, lateral lobes large, hairy. Socii large, fleshy, hairy
lobes. Tegumen pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad. Ostium large, broadly
elliptical. Lobes of ovipositor clothed with long coarse hairs. Duc-
tus bursae long, membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just
before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large with well developed diamond-
shaped signum.

Alar expanse, 15-18 mm.

T'y^e.—U.S.N.M. No. 62079.

Type locality. — Salem, Oreg. (March; E. Y. Lansing, Jr.)

Described from the $ type and 5 5 5 and 10 ? 9 paratypes as
follows: 5 , Pullman, Wash. (8-II-30, J. F. G. Clarke) ; 2 5 5 , Dun-
can, British Columbia (26-11-21, W. Downes) ; 5 , Duncan, British
Columbia (25-III-21, A. W. Hanham) ; 5 , Fitzgerald, British
Columbia (14-V-22, E. H. Blackmore) ; 5, Salem, Oreg. (March;
E. Y. Lansing) ; 2 , Logan Hill, Chehalis, Wash. (15-X-29, T. M.
Clarke) ; 9 , Departure Bay, British Columbia (^11-29) : 5 ,
Fitzgerald, British Columbia (14-V-22, E. H. Blackmore) ; 9 , Era-
ser Mills, British Columbia (22-XI-23, L. E. Marmont) ; 9 , Quam-
ichan Lake, British Columbia (l-IV-23, E. H. Blackmore) ; 2 9 9 ,
Victoria, British Columbia (21-III-21, E. H. Blackmore; 23-VI-23,
W. R. Carter) ; 2 9 9 , no locality but British Columbia, specimens
under Blackmore No. 160 (13-IV-23; 5-V-23).

Remarks. — This species has been placed under the name gelidella
in collections.

AGONOPTERIX CLARKE! Keifer

Plate 31, Figubes 178, 178a ; Plate 40, Figures 230, 230a

Agonopteryx clarkei Keifer, Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci., vol. 35, p. 10,

pi. 4; pi. 7, fig. 6, 1936.
Agonoptcrix clarkei (Keifer) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8415, 1939.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 67

Dcpressaria clarkei (Keifer) Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92,
p. 315, 1939.

Labial palpus liiteous ; second segment irrorated with fuscous out-
wardly and in brush; third segment somewhat darker than second
with poorly defined blackish-fuscous basal and subterminal annuli.
Antenna fuscous with narrow, darker annulations, the latter obscured
below. Head, thorax, base and cost a of fore wing luteous, the head
infuscatecl above; thorax infuscated particularly anteriorly; costa
with fuscous spots and dashes throughout its length; beyond luteous
basal patch deeply infuscated, this color rapidly fading; at middle a
dark blotch from costa; first and second discal spots minute, black,
obliquely one above the other; third discal spot at end of cell whitish
followed by a black scale or two ; all discal spots practically obsolete ;
cilia fuscous tipped with luteous. Hind wing luteous, darker api-
cally; cilia with a fuscous basal band. Legs luteous overlaid and
suffused except at joints ; posterior legs somewhat lighter. Abdomen
luteous, darker above than below; on each side, beneath, a blackish-
fuscous line.

Male genitalia. — Harpe heavily clothed with long hairs; cucullus
bluntly pointed, sacculus moderately sclerotized, narrow; clasper
long, slender, straight, nearly reaching costa. Anellus a simple
sclerotized plate with deeply excavated lateral, and convex posterior
edges; longer than broad; hairy lateral lobes well developed. Vin-
culum evenly rounded. Aedeagus short, stout, strongly bent; vesica
armed with many small spinules. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized
band with well-developed hairy lateral lobes. Socii large, hairy,
fleshy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized,
anterior margin cleft. Ostium small, situated near posterior edge
of plate. Ductus bursae membranous, moderately long ; inception of
ductus seminalis just before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large, with a
large, strongly sclerotized, toothed signum. Lobe of ovipositor with
a few long, strong hairs and numerous moderately long stout spines.

Alar expanse, 18-20 mm.

Type.—V.S.l^M. No. 52092.

Type local'itij. — Missouri Flat, Placerville District, Calif.

Food plant. — Artemina vulgaris L. var.

Remarks. — Keifer has discussed and figured this species in his
paper, but I have refigured it for completeness' sake.

I have before me the specimens from Aweme, Manitoba, which
Keifer discusses, but I do not believe these represent a different
species. Although they could possibly be considered as a race, they
differ from the typical specimens only in the slightly paler pink
coloration in the cilia of the fore wing and in the apparently slightly

68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

shorter spines of the lobes of the ovipositor. Until we know more
about the specimens from Aweme I decline to give them a separate
designation.

The type of ovipositor found in this species is unique for the genus.

AGONOPTERIX CLEMENSELLA (Chambers)
PLATE! 26, FiGUKES 159, 150a ; Plate 42, Figure 242

Qelechia clemensella Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 8, p. 173, 1876.

Dcprcssaria clemensella (Chambers) Bxjsck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 27, p. 766,
1904.— Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. —
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 315, 1939.

Dcpressaria applana (Fabrlcius) Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10,
p. 175, 1882. — RiLET, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5251, 1891.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5862, 1903.—
Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6405,
1903.

Affonopteryx clemensella (Chambers) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., vol. 35, p.
198, 1908.

Agonopterix clemensella (Chambers) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) ,
No. 8430, 1939.

Agnoptcryx clemensella (Chambers) Babnes and McDuxnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6447, 1917.

Agonopteryx applana clemensella (Chambers) Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 68, p. 239, 1923.

Labial palpus yellowish white; second segment irrorated with fus-
cous exteriorly and with a strong pink suffusion in the brush ; third
segment with basal and broad subapical tumuli black. Antenna fus-
cous, somewhat lighter beneath. Head, thorax, and base of fore wing
very light yellowish gray with fuscous and reddish-brown irrorations
and a rosy suffusion. Ground color of fore wing reddish brown ; costa
and termen blotched with alternate fuscous and yellowish- white spots;
whole surface of wing marked with scattered yellowish-white scales;
discal spots four, white; one at end of cell preceded by one at middle
of wing; at basal third two, one obliquely above the other; the outer
surrounded by a dull fuscous cloud, the inner, oblique pair preceded
by a few black scales ; cilia reddish brown suffused with fuscous and
irrorated with yellowish white. Hind wing and cilia shining yellow-
ish fuscous, the latter with a fuscous basal band. Legs yellowish
white overlaid and irrorated with fuscous exteriorly; posterior pair
lighter in color, all with a rosy tint. Abdomen grayish fuscous above,
yellowish white beneath with four longitudinal rov.s of fuscous spots.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, heavily clothed with hairs; sacculus
moderately sclerotized ; clasper slender, nearly reaching costa of harpe,
slightly thicker at middle, strongly curved toward the cucullus. Anel-
lus broadly rectangular, slightly constricted posteriorly; posterior

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE CLARKE 69

margin concave and with well developed lateral lobes. Vinculum
broad with a pointed dorso-anterior process. Aedeagus long, curved,
terminating in a sharp slender point; basally there is a sclerotized
biramous arm by which tlie aedeagus articulates with the anellus.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band, with large, profusely hairy,
lateral lobes. Gnathos long, oval, slender, clothed with fine spines.
Socii broad fleshy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, lightly sclerotized; ostium
small oval, at posterior edge of genital plate. Ductus bursae mem-
branous, inception of ductus seminalis rather remote from ostium;
bursa copulatrix oval. Signum a small, more or less rectangular
plate, slightly cupped and covered with thornlike teeth.

Alar expanse, 16-20 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Easton, Pa.

Food plant. — Parsnip; wild parsnip?.

Dis-trihution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: $ (Beutenmiiller).

District of Columbia: Chain Bridge, 5 ("2-4-85") ; Washington, 2 ("21-4-85").

Illinois: Putnam County, S (M. O. Glenn).

Maryland: Plummers Ishmd, S (March 1908, H. S. Barber).

New Hampshire: Hampton, S (IV-2G-04, S. A. Shaw).

New York: Ilion, $ (IX-3-11, McBlhose) ; Ithaca, 2 9 9 (5-19-V-31, A. B.
Klots) ; Lockport, 9 (XI-30-35, L. L. Pechumau) ; Long Island: Orient, $
(VII-27-26; Ray Latham) ; Montvale, 9 (November 26, 1923, F. M. Schott) ;
Rochester, 9 (3-IV-33, A. B. Klots).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 12 $3,7 9 9 (March and July to November
dates, H. D. Merrick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County, 2 9 9 (Oct. 15,
1908, and March 30, 1910, Fred Marloit) ; Pittsburgh, $ (IV-7-06, Henry
Engel).

Vermont: Clarendon, $ (no date or collector).

Wisconsin: Millwood County, $ ("X-14-08").

Canadian records
Ontario: Ottawa (VIII-21-05, C. H. Young) ; Toronto ("III-2 to 8-95").

Remarks. — Busck ^® pointed out that in all probability cle^rnemella
is distinct from the European applana. There can be no doubt about
the close relationship between the two species, but they can be separated
easily on genitalic characters as well as pattern.

The ground color of applana is much lighter than that of clemrnsella;
in the former there is a tendency to coalescence of the discal spots,
whereas in the latter the spots are smaller and distinctly separated.

The male genitalia of clemensella show a slender, gradually finely

« Eusck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 766, 1904.

70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

pointed aedeagus and a very slender clasper as compared to a more
abruptly pointed aedeagus and a stouter clasper in applana. The
female genitalia show fewer differences, but those examined indi-
cate that the ductus bursae of applana is longer in proportion to the
other structures than that of clemensella. I have examined 16 Euro-
pean and 41 American specimens, all of which bear out the above
conclusion.

In view of this evidence, I believe it is certain that the European
applana does not occur in North America.

AGONOPTERIX ATRODORSELLA (Clemens)

Plate 26, Figuees 160, 160a ; Plate 43, Figxjbe 252

Depressaria atrodor sella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 124,
1863. — Packard, Guide to the study of insects, p. 349, 1869. — Robinson, Ann.
Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 9, p. 156, pi. 1, fig. 7, 1870.— Clemens, in Stain-
tou, Tineina of North America, p. 91, 1872. — Chambers, Can. Eut., vol. 4, p.
91, 1872.— Zeller, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 233, 1873.— Chambebs^
U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 138, 1878.— W.\lsingham, Proc. Zool.
Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.— Coquillett, Papilio, vol. 3, p. 98, 1883.- Beuten-
MULLER, m Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 355, 1890.—^
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5255, 1891. —
DiETz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 473, 1900. — BuscK^
Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis., vol. 24, p. 736, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5854, 1903. — Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal Amer-
ica, No. 6397, 1903. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p.
173, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 310, 1939.

Agonoptenjx atrodor sella (Clemens) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198,
1908.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 238, 1923.

Agonopterix atrodorsella (Clemens) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8409, 1939.

Agnopteryx atrodorsella (Clemens) Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New
Jersey, p. 561, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6433, 1917.

Labial palpus and face yellowish white ; second segment of palpus
irrorated with fuscous exteriorly and in the brush, the latter also
tinted with pink; third segment with basal and subapical annuli
and tip blackish fuscous. Antenna with black, ochreous-tipped basal
segment; remainder fuscous annulated with ochreous-fuscous. Head
reddish ochreous with median fuscous area. Thorax and extreme
base of fore wing blackish fuscous; collar whitish. Fore wing yel-
lowish ochreous with sparse blackish irrorations; costa with four to
six or seven blackish-fuscous spots; at basal third a black discal dot
followed by a white one at the end of cell ; from center of cell a longi-
tudinal reddish blotch extending to apical third and enclosing the
white discal spot; on costa, from apical third to apex, a longitudinal
fuscous and ochreous cloud ; cilia reddish ochreous. Hind wing light

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 71

reddish fuscous; cilia whitish with basal and two subapical bands
fuscous. Legs yellowish white strongly overlaid with blackish fus-
cous except at joints; the latter suffused with pink. Abdomen light
brownish ochreous, lighter on posterior margins of segments; beneath,
yellowish white with broad, blackish-fuscous longitudinal, lateral
stripes and two rows of similarly colored spots between.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad basally but abruptly narrowed be-
yond clasper; moderately clothed with hairs; clasper long, slender,
slightly bent, not quite reaching costa. Anellus a sclerotized plate,
longer than broad, concave on posterior edge, constricted anteriorly,
with prominent hairy lateral lobes. Aedeagus stout, slightly curved,
pointed, with large spinulate patch in basal two-thirds of vesica.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with well developed, hairy,
lateral lobes. Gnathos an elongate, oval, spined knob. Socii large
fleshy, hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, near posterior edge of genital
plate. Genital plate very broad, produced anteriorly; anterior
edge deeply cleft, the cleft semicircular, the anterior points nearly
touching. Ductus bursae long, membranous, gradually tapering to
form the large oval bursa copulatrix; inception of ductus seminalis
just anterior to ostium. Signum a large diamond-shaped, spined
plate.

Alar expanse, 18-24 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — Pennsylvania,

Food plants. — Bidens frondosa L., Myrica asplenifolia L., Eupa-
torium sp.

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: $ ^ Beutenmiiller, coll.).

District of Columbia: W^ashington, S (X-25-02).

Illinois: Flosmoor, S, $ (no date or collector) ; Evanston, $ ("4-99").

Massachusetts: Cummington, $ (no date or collector) ; Dover, $ (8-7-33, no

collector) ; Marthas Vineyard, $ ("1-3," George D. Eustis) ; Winchendon, $

(IX-2S-02, no collector).
New Hampshire: Hampton, 3 $ $ (V-10-13, S. A. Shaw).
New Jersey: Cedar Grove, $ (IV-9-24, F. M. Schott).
New York: Ilion, $, ? (V-3-13, H. McElhose) ; Ithaca, ? (X-24-35, J. G.

Franclemont) ;2 3 $ (12-V-31, 5-V-31, A. B. Klots) ; Liberty, 9 (no date or

collector) ; New Windsor, 2 $ $ (13-VIII-'93; 23-VIII-'97, E. L. Morton).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 4$$ (IX-7-02, IX-27-02, V-25-06, IX-29-06,

H. D. Merrick).
Vermont: Clarendon, S (W. D. Kearfott).
"Wisconsin: Cranmoor, Wood County, ? (IV-22-0S, C. B. Hardenberg) ;

Madison, $ (XI-10-23, S. B. Fracker).

72 PROCEEDINGS OF TPIE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Canadian records

Ontario: Bobcaygeon (July 24, 1931, J. McDunnough) ; Hymers, S (IX-16-23) ;
Merivale (May 1, 1936, W. J. Brown) ; Ottawa, $ (IV-21-1900) ; (3 speci-
mens. May 9, 1904, C. H. Young; March 29, 1906, May 1, 1906, J. Fletcher) ;
Toronto (no further data) ; Trenton (May 5-21, 1911, Evans).

Quebec: Aylmer (April 29, 1904, C. B. Hutchings) ; Chelsea (July 17, 1915,
J. McDunnough) ; Fairy Lake (April 24, 1932) ; Knowlton (September 11,
1929, J. McDunnough); Meach Lake (March 29, April 25, 1900; Sep-
tember 25, 1902; May 4, 1901, C. H. Young).

Rema7'ks. — In addition to a long collected series of this species I
have a specimen before me from Madison, Wis., reared from Myrica
asplenifolia by S. B. Fracker, and four from Dover, Mass. (Gipsy-
Moth Lab.), reared from '"'■Goieopsis'''' (synonym of Bidens). The
wide difference in food plant is very surprising in view of the fact
that nearly all species are either host specific or feed on very closely
related species of plants. The specimen from Bobcaygeon, Ontario,
was reared fi-om Eupatorium.

AGONOPTERIX SCABELLA (Zcller)

PI.ATE 43, FiGTJKB 250

Depressaria scabeUa Zexleb, Verii. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 236, 1873. —
Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 138, 1878.— Rim:y, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5280, 1891. — BuscK,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 749, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5892, 1903. — Kb;aefott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6435, 1903. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 177, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p.
348, 1939.

Depressaria scahrelJa Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.

Agonopteryx scahella (Zeller) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198,
1908.— FoEBES, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 239, 1923.

Ago7ioptetix scabella (Zeller) McDunnough, Check List of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) ,
No. 8453, 1939.

Agnoptenjx scabella (Zeller) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6439, 1917.

Alar expanse, 24 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality.— ''Ohio y

Reviiarhs. — I have one specimen, supposedly this species, before
me and have figured the genitalia (fig. 250, ? ) , which show it is very
close to atrodorsella.

AGONOPTERIX PTELEAE Barnes and Busck

Plate 27, Figukes 162, 162a ; Plate 43, Figure 251

Agonopteryx ptclcac Baenes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4,
p. 231, pi. 28, fig. 13 ; pi. 38, fig. 1, 1920.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE CLARKE 76

Agonoptcrix pteleae (Barnes and Busck) McDunnoiigh, Check list of Lepid-

optera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-

tera), No. 8426, 1939.
Depressaria pteleae (Barnes and Busck) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-

torum, fasc. ISO, p. 175, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,

pt. 92, p. 342, 1939.

Labial palpus light ochreous ; second segment with fuscous base and
iiTorations exteriorly; third seginent with fuscous basal and sub-
apical annuli. Antenna fuscous. Head reddish ochreous above ; face
light silvery ochreous, Tliorax and fore wing light ochreous-brown
mottled and suffused with black and brown, the entire surface rough-
ened with raised scales ; extreme base at inner angle whitish ochreous
broadly edged with black; from costa to end of cell a large blackish-
fuscous blotch; along costa and around termen a series of blackish-
fuscous spots ; first and second discal spots black, the latter obscured
by the large costal blotch. Hind wing light ochreous fuscous; cilia
light ochreous brown with basal band a shade lighter. Legs light
ochreous brown suffused and annulated with blackish fuscous. Ab-
domen light ochreous-brown, with two lateral longitudinal rows of
black spots on the underside.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately sclerotized, pointed, and almost
entirely clothed with fine hairs; at base, just inside costa, is a group
of long fine spines; clasper and a narrow "spur" of the sacculus adja-
cent to it, heavily sclerotized. The clasper tapers gently to a fine
point, is slightly curved, and reaches almost to costa. Anellus a
heavily sclerotized oval plate, longer than broad, with truncated pos-
terior edge ; lateral lobes large, hairy. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized
band with well-developed, hairy lateral lobes. Aedeagus rather stout,
curved, and pointed, with a lateral, lightly sclerotized flap from about
the middle to the apex. Gnathos a short oval knob armed with many
spines. Socii small, mainly indicated by hairs. Tegumen with a
single apical projection.

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, near posterior edge of genital plate.
Genital plate greatly produced anteriorly and narrowly cleft on an-
terior margin. Extreme posterior portion of ductus bursae abruptly
constricted before ostium, where ductus seminalis enters ; ductus bursae
gently tapering to form the large bursae copulatrix. Signum a roughly
diamond shaped, sclerotized, spined plate.

Alar expanse, 20-22 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Decatur, 111.

Food plant — Ptelea trifoliata L. (hoptree).

Remarks. — This species is exceedingly close to pulvipennslla but dif-
fers from it by the rough-scaled fore wing, smaller anellus, and less
sharply pointed anterior margin of the genital plate.

74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Besides the typer series in the National collection from Decatur, 111.
(June 1-15), there are two specimens from Rockford, 111, (collector
"O, H. S.") among the undetermined material, which, although some-
what larger and darker than the types, undoubtedly belong here. This
species has an unmistakable roughened appearance due to the presence
of many long, slender, almost hairlike, upturned scales on practically
the entire insect.

AGONOPTERIX EUPATORIIELLA (Chambers)

Plate 27, Figukes 163, 163a ; Plate 43, Figihse 249

Depressaria eupatoriiella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 82,

115, 1878. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.

5261, 1891.
Agonopteryx plummerella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 35, p. 199, 1908. —

Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exii. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 239, 1923. (New

synonymy. )
Agonopteri.v plummerella (Busck) McDunnough, Check List of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8454, 1939.
Agnoptenjx phimwcrella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6456, 1917.
Depressaria plummerella Meyeick, in "Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p.

177, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus. pt. 92, p. 340, 1939.
Depressaria pnlvipennella Busck, not Clemens (in part), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.

vol. 24, p. 737, 1902.

Labial palpus light ochreous-gray : second segment lightly irrorated
with black scales ; third segment almost wholly black, with only nar-
row, poorly defined, median and apical bands of the light ground
color showing; long, recurved. Antenna dark fuscous narrowly an-
nulated with light ochreous. Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous-
fuscous; face shining light ochreous-gray; thorax and fore wing
speckled with numerous black and white scales, the majority of the
former raised ; at the end of cell a white discal spot surrounded by a
few black scales and preceded by two black discal spots at basal third,
the latter obliquely one above the other ; along costa a series of poorly
defined blackish spots; cilia ochreous-fuscous. Hind wing shining
fuscous, lighter basally than apically; cilia light fuscous, whitish
distally with a narrow dark basal band. Legs whitish ochreous over-
laid and mottled with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen ochreous-
fuscous above, whitish ochreous beneath with four longitudinal rows
of blackish-fuscous spots.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather short, broad, with the costal two-
thirds clothed with fine hairs ; cucullus rounded ; sacculus and clasper
moderately sclerotized; clasper slightly curved toward cucullus dis-
tally and reaching about two-thirds distance across harpe. Anellus
oval, longer than broad, well sclerotized, with posterior edge concave;
lateral lobes clothed with fine hairs. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 75

slender, bent just before middle, apex pointed, upturned. Transtilla
a narrow, weakly sclerotized band with well-developed, hairy lateral
lobes. Gnathos an oval spined knob. Socii broad flaps, weakly sclero-
tized and with few hairs.

Female genitalia. — Ostial opening very large, occupying over half
t]ie length of the genital plate ; genital plate broad ; anterior margin
with semicircular cleft, the anterior points of which are widely
separated. Ductus bursae long, gradually broadening into the large
bursa copulatrix ; at posterior end of ductus bursae an elongate, lightly
sclerotized patch. Signum a large, strongly sclerotized, diamond-
shaped plate with the anterior and posterior points of the diamond
curled. The plate is armed with short stout teeth.

Alar expanse, 22-24 mm.

Types. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.
{eupatoriiella) ; in the United States National Museum (No. 11943)
{phmimerella) .

Type localities. — "Kentucky" {eup at or Hell a) ; Plunnners Island,
Md. (Busck) ; Cincinnati, Ohio (Dr. A. F. Braun) {phmwierelkf) .

Food plant. — Eupatorium.

Distrihutioii. — Eastern United States probably as far north as New
England.

United States records

Illinois: Putnam County, 9 (14-IV-1939, M. O. Glenn).

Maryland: Plummers Island, 10 $ S , Q 9 9 (March to August dates, 1905-1908,

A. Busck and H. S. Barber).
Ohio: Athens, 3 $$,2 $9 (ll-XI-39, 29^1-40, 10-11-40, R. C. Barnes);

Noble County, $, 9 (ia-IX-39, 31-XII-40, R. C. Barnes).
Pennsylvania: Pittsburgh, $, 9 (4-IV-06, lS-XI-06, Henry Engel).

Remarks. — This species is apparently very close to scahella Zeller,
but since I have no authentic material of the latter species, I carniot
be sure of the genitalia. I quote, in part, a letter from Mr. Stringer
of the British Museum, to Mr. Busck concerning plummerella and
scdbella.) which was written before I had an opportunity to examine
eupatoriiella :

"I have carefully compared plwnmerella with our type of scdbella
Z., and have no doubt that they are distinct. The labial palpi of
scdbella have the Deprcssaria "furrow" on second joint but much more
compact and the terminal joint is shorter, not so pointed or recurved
as in your species and nebvlosa Z. ; in color markings there is no
difference. In size and color of fore wings your species is nearer to
nehulosa; scaheUa is a smaller species with mucli narrower fore wing
and is brown-gray, not salt and pepper ; it is also devoid of any mark-
ings on the underside of either wing as in jjlummereUa and almost all
of the species of the genus."

76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

I have examined the type of eupatoriieUa in the Museum of Com-
parative Zoology and have made a slide of the female genitalia.
This and plumineTella appear to be identical ; ewpatoriiella was syn-
onymized with pulvipeiineUa Clemens through misidentifications made
by Lord Walsingham. The specimens in the United States National
Museum, referred to by Busck,^^ are clearly p^dvipenneUa; pulvipen-
nella lacks the rough scaling which is found on the wings of eupatori-
ieUa and so cannot be confused with it. Chambers clearly states in
his description of eupatoriieUa^ "the palpi and wings dusted with
blackish atoms, each of which is a minute tuft * * *"

AGONOPTERIX PULVIPENNELLA (Clemens)

Plate 27, Figures 164, 164a ; Plate 43, Figure 253

Depressaria pulvipennella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 421,
1864.— Robinson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 9, p. 157, 1S68.—
Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 91, 1872. — Clemens, m Stalnton, Tineina of
North America, p. 244, 1872. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 5276, 1891.— Busck. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 737,
1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5858, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith,
List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6401, 1903. — Meybick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 342, 1939.

Depressaria fulvipcvnelJa Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New
Jersey, p. 474, 1900.

Depressaria soUdagivis Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 255, 1899. — Riley, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5281, 1891.

Agonopteryx pnlvipcnneUa (Clemens) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 198, 1908— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir G8, p. 238, 1923.

Agonopterix pulvipennella (Clemens) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera). No. 8410, 1939.

Agnopteryx pulvipennella (Clemens) Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New
Jersey, p. 561, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6449, 1917.

Agnopteryx pulvipenella Brimley, The insects of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938.

Labial palpus whitish ochreous tinged with pink; second segment
irrorated with blackish fuscous exteriorly; third segment with basal
and subapical annuli and tip black. Antenna fuscous. Face shining
whitish ochreous. Head reddish ochreous suffused with fuscous pos-
teriorly. Thorax and fore wing light reddish ochreous mottled and
irrorated with blackish fuscous; extreme base of the light ground color
and followed by a rapidly fading fuscous shade that does not reach
costa; at basal third two black discal spots obliquely one above the
other, followed by a third, white discal spot at the end of cell; in
center of wing beyond the first and second discal spots a blackish-
fuscous shade surrounding the third discal spot ; along costa and around

"Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 737, 1902.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 77

termen a series of blackish-fuscous blotches and spots; cilia light
ochreous-fuscous. Hind wing light fuscous; cilia somewhat lighter
with a dark basal band. Legs whitish ochreous suffused and mottled
with blackish fuscous except at joints ; at joints the ochreous is strongly-
tinged with pink. Abdomen grayish ochreous above ; beneath whitish
ochreous with broad blackish-fuscous longitudinal lateral lines and
two rows of blackish-fuscous spots between the lateral lines.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, clothed with fine hairs; clasper
straight, slender, reaching well beyond middle of harpe; cucullus
bluntly pointed. Anellus a large oval plate, longer than broad, with
concave posterior margin, narrow biramous, strongly sclerotized me-
dian area and well developed hairy, lateral lobes. Aedeagus slender,
sharply curved, pointed; vesica with large spinulate patch. Vincu-
lum rounded. Transtilla a moderately broad, sclerotized band, with
well developed, hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval, spined knob.
Socii large, sparsely hairy, fleshy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Ostium small, near posterior margin of genital
plate. Genital plate very broad, produced anteriorly and deeply and
narrowly cleft o\\ median anterior edge. Ductus bursae long, mem-
branous, gradually tapering into the large bursa copulatrix ; inception
of ductus seminalis very near ostial opening. Signuni a large, dia-
mond-shaped, spined plate; posterior and anterior points curled.

Alar expanse, 18-24 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Tyfe locality. — "Illinois."

Food plants. — Solidago and Urtica.

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, 5 (September 3, 1908, Chas. R. Ely).

District of Columbia: Washington, 3 5 5, 9 (IV-21-85) ; S (IV-7-1900) ;

S (IV-21-1900).
Louisiana: Natchitoches, $ (August, G. Coverdale).
Maine: Orono, 2 S $ (October 8, '88, one, no date).
Maryland: Plummers Island, 17 $ S , 4 9 9 (March, April, and September dates,

collected by H. S. Barber, A. Busck, E. A. Schwarz).
Massachusetts: Chilmark, $ (IX-3-1935, George D. Eustis) ; Cohasset, 9 (May

11, '07, Owen Bryant) ; Framingham, 5 (April 21, 1905) ; Springfield, $

(nodate, G. Dimmock) ; Winchendon, S (IX-28-02).
Missouri: (One specimen, no date.)
ISTew Hampshire: Hampton, 6 (IV-30-04, S. A. Shaw).
Few Jersey: Denville, 5 ("X-14") ; Essex County, 9 (IV-20-09, W. D.

Kearfott).
Nev/ York: Ilion, $,2 99 (IX-3-11, H. McElhose) ; 9, same (IX-2-12) ;

Ithaca (many $ $ and 9 9 , various dates in coll. CornellUniv. ) .
Ohio: Athens, 2 9 9 (29^1-40, R. C. Barnes).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, c5 , 9 (IX-27~02, X-^S-OT, II. D. Merrick).
Virginia: Vienna, 9 (February 14, 1915, R. A. Cushman).
Wisconsin: Cranmoor, V/ood County, $ (IV-22-08, C. B. Hardenberg).

78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Canadian records

Manitoba: Cartwright, 9 (X-11-03, E. F. Heath).

Nova Scotia: Bridgetown, $, ? (5-9-IX-1912, G. E. Saunders).

Ontario: Ottawa ( 5, April 28, 1905; $, May 7, 1905, C. H. Young) ; Trenton,

$ (25-IV-1911, Evans).
Quebec: Meacli Lake (9, April 19, 1902; October 12, 1907, C. H. Young);

Montreal, S (V-3-04, "A. F. W.").

Remarks. — The variety of food plants indicates that this species
is a rather general feeder. I believe we are dealing with at least
two very closely related species, which can be separated only by a
careful comparison of larvae and pupae, the adult characters not
being sufficient for separation. Moths reared from Solidago are
darker, and the coloring is more suffused than in the majority of
specimens. This may be due entirely to the difference in food plant,
but there is not sufficient material at hand to determine this
definitely.

The species appears to be confined to midwestern and eastern North
America.

AGONOPTERIX WALSINGHAMELLA (Busck)

Plate 28, Figukes 165, 165a ; Plate 44, Figuee 254

Depressaria walsinghamella Busck, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 739, 1902. —
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 356, 1939.

Depressaria fernaldella Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 256, 1889. — Busck, in
Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5S64, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6407, 1903. — Meyeick, in Wyts-
man, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 176, 1922. [Not Depressaria fernal-
della Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 82, p. 138, 1878.]

Agnopteryx fernaldella Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6443, 1917.

Agonoptcrix fernaldella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera), No. 8443, 1939.

Agonopteryx walsinghamella Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68,
p. 239, 1923.

Agonopteryx icalsinghamiella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198,
1908.

Agonopterix walsingTiamiella McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.
8443, 1939. [As synonym of fernaldella (Walsingham).]

Labial palpus pale cinereous strongly suffused with reddish ; second
segment irrorated with blackish scales exteriorly ; third segment with
blackish scales exteriorly; third segment with blackish-fuscous basal
and median annuli (the former poorly defined) and apex. Antenna
fuscous annulated with dull cinereous and tinged with reddish. Head
tawny-red with slight cinereous irrorations; face pale cinereous.
Thorax and base of fore wing, except costal part, cinereous ; fore part

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 79

of thorax and tegula suffused and irrorated with reddish. Fore wing
deep crimson-red sparsely irrorated with black and cinereous scales;
costa, nearly to apex, broadly tawny-red with veins 9 to 12 strongly
indicated by cinereous and irrorated with black scales and with poorly
defined fuscous spots on extreme edge; discal spots white; first discal
spot at basal third edged with carmine; second at end of cell preceded
by a few carmine scales; cilia reddish fuscous edged with carmine.
Hind wing light fuscous, darker apically than basally; cilia light
fuscous with whitish irrorations and pale pink suffusions. Legs pale
cinereous overlaid and irrorated with fuscous, except at joints, and
suffused with reddish. Abdomen pale grayish fuscous above ; beneath,
pale cinereous with two black longitudinal lateral stripes.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with fine hairs, tapering
gently to a pointed cucullus; clasper short, stout, straight, scarcely
exceeding middle of harpe, slightly rugose on exterior edge. Sacculus
narrow, moderately sclerotized. Anellus longer than broad, concave
on posterior edge, narrowed basally, with well-developed, sparsely
hairy lateral lobes. Aedeagus stout, curved, much narrower in distal
than proximal half; vesica armed with numerous spinulate cornuti.
Vinculum rounded. Transtiila a narrow, lightly sclerotized band with
moderately well developed, hairy lateral lobes. Gnathos a spined oval
knob. Socii fleshy, hairy flaps. Tegumen terminating in a moderately
long, pointed process.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, lightly sclerotized. Ostium
round, opening at posterior edge of genital plate; the area around
ostium slightly raised above the remainder of surface of plate.
Ductus bursae long, membranous; ductus seminalis opening well
before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large with small signum situated
about middle.

Alar expanse, 20-22 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type localities. — Orono, Maine; Wisconsin.

Food plants. — Myrica asplenifolia L. and Myrica carolinensls Mill.

Distiihutian. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, $ (August .j-13, Chas. R. Ely).

Maine: Bar Harbor, 8 S$, 2 (May to November dates, 1934-193S, A. E.

Brewer) ; Kennebunkport, 2 $ $ (September 24-30) ; Orono, 9.
Massachusetts: Springfield (a series of 4 5 5 and 3 2 9 reared from Myrica

asplenifolia by Dimmock).
New Hampshire: Hampton, 8 S S (March and April dates; S. A. Shaw, coll.).
New York: Albany.

Pennsylvania: Hazel ton, $ ("9-12-04").
Wisconsin: (Ace. Forbes.)

80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ]VIUSEUM vol. 90

Canadian records

Nova Scotia: Digby, $ (IX-19-07, J. Russell) ; White Point Beach, Queens

County, 5 (VIII-20-34, reared, J. McDunnough).
Ontario: Biscotasing (May 16, 1931, Karl Schedl) ; Constance Bay (October 3,

1932, W. J. Brown).
Quebec: Kazubazua (August 13-23, 1933, G. S. Walley) ; Laniel (June 3, 1932,

H. S. Fleming).

Remarks. — The identity of this species and the invalidity of
Walsingham's name have been established by Busck.-"

AGONOPTERIX FUSCITERMINELLA, new species

Plate 28, Figuees 167, 167a ; Plate 44, Figuke 258

Depressaria yeatiana Walsingham (not Fabricius) Proc. Zool. Soc. London,

1881, p. 316.
Depressaria arenella Wai^singham (not Schiffermiiller), Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc,

vol. 10, p. 175, 1882. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal

America. No. 5253, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 743, 1902 ;

in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5877, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith,

Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6420, 1003. — Meyeick,

in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922.
Agonopteryx arencUa Busck (not Schiffermiiller), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.

35, p. 199, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Boreal America, No. 6446, 1917.

Antenna fuscous, faintly and narrowly annulated with ochreous;
apex and underside of basal segment whitish ochreous sprinkled with
black or dark-brown scales outwardly; palpus with brush well de-
veloped; terminal segment with black subbasal and supramedial
annuli and black tip. Face and head whitish ochreous, the latter
intermixed with brownish scales. Thorax whitish ochreous ; dorsally
the ground color is liberally mixed with brown and blackish scales.
In the posterior half are two crests of raised scales. Fore wing with
ochreous ground color strongly overlaid with reddish brown and
liberally sprinkled with fuscous to black scales ; extreme base ochreous
followed, in dorsal half, by a strong red-brown patch, the latter
mixed with black in basal part; at the base of cell two small obliquely
placed black spots followed by a strong fuscous or black cloud; the
latter surrounded by a reddish-brown suflfusion; at the end of cell
another small black spot. Costa and termen with conspicuous black
spots. Cilia ochreous with brown scales intermixed and the whole
with a distinct rosy tinge. Hind wing whitish, strongly suffused
apically with fuscous; scales at base of cilia, along termen. and fre-
quently around posterior margin, black. Cilia light brownish
ochreous. Underside of hind wing with many black scales in apical
half. Legs ochreous ; fore leg with femur fuscous inwardly ; anterior
surface of tibia bright pink with overlying brownish scales, the

2« Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 739, 1902.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 81

latter having a purplish sheen: tarsi broadly edged with fuscous.
Mesothoracic legs like anterior pair but without fuscous femora and
with more fuscous on tibiae and tarsi. Hind legs almost wholly
whitish ochreous except for delicate pink suffusion on tibiae and
fuscous tibial spurs. Abdomen ochreous with broken black lateral
lines beneath and suffused with fuscous above.

Male genitalia. — Harpe elongate, narrow ; weakly sclerotized except
for clasper, sparsely clothed with fine hairs; clasper straight, blunt,
pointed, reaching about two-thirds distance across harpe. Anellus
longer than broad, subrectangular, moderately sclerotized; posterior
edge convex; lateral lobes little developed. Transtilla a narrow
sclerotized band with weak lateral lobes. Aedeagus moderately slen-
der, with sharp, upturned point. Gnathos an oval, spined knob.
Socii well developed hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Base of lobe of ovipositor with a row of long
stout hairs. Ostium moderately large, round. Genital plate broad,
moderately sclerotized. Ductus bursae long, membranous; inception
of ductus seminalis near opening of ostium. Bursa copulatrix large,
oval, symmetrical, merging gradually with the ductus; gignum a large,
roughly diamond-shaped, spined, sclerotized plate.

Alar expanse, 22-25 mm.

Type.—V.S.'^.M. No. 52077.

Type locality. — Duncan, Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

Food plant. — Cynoglossum grande Dougl. ex Lehm.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type and b $ $ and 13 $ 2
paratypes as follows : Type $ , Duncan, Vancouver Island, British
Columbia (July 1, 1910, Hanham) ; paratypes, Z $ $ and 7 $ 9 ,
Duncan, British Columbia (June and July dates, Hanham) ; $
and 2 5 2, Wellington, British Columbia (April and October dates,
G. W. Tavlor) ; $ and 4 5?, Phoenix Lake, Marin County, Calif.
(V-11 to VI-2-1927, H. H. Keifer).

Paratypes in the U. S. National Museum and H. H. Keifer collec-
tion, Sacramento, Calif.

In superficial appearance very much like the European arenella
but easily differentiated from it by the genitalia; in the male of
arenella the clasper is very broad and flattened, with a deep excavation
on the outer edge, while the clasper of fuscitemiinella is straight,
fingerlike ; the harpe of arenella is shorter and broader than that of
fusciterminella. In the female of arenella the anterior edge of the
genital plate is strongly convex but that of fusciterminella is much
less strongly so.

The California specimens are somewhat darker than those from
British Columbia, but this may be due to their having been reared.

286614—41 4

82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

The northern specimens show more pink on the legs also, but they are
identical in other characters, including genitalia.

This species has been confused with pallidella Busck and has been
placed in collections under that name.

AGONOPTERIX CAJONENSIS, new species

Plate 31, Figures ISO, 180a ; Plate 42, Figures 244, 244a

This species is much like argilJacea but lacks the median dark shade
of the fore wing.

Labial palpus light ochreous-white, lightly mottled exteriorly on
second segment with fuscous ; third segment with black subbasal and
supramedial bands and tip; the basal band is poorly defined. An-
tenna fuscous with ochreous-white scaling on basal segment and basal
third. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing grayish fuscous
heavily overlaid with ochreous-white ; face light ochreous-white ; base
of fore wing and basal third of costa ochreous-white ; the light basal
portion is followed by a dark fuscous shade; whole surface of fore
wing sparsely irrorated with small fuscous spots; at the end of cell
a conspicuous ochreous-white spot narrowly edged with fuscous;
cilia grayish fuscous. Hind wing grayish fuscous; cilia concolorous
with light basal band. Legs grayish fuscous strongly overlaid with
ochreous-white. Abdomen grayish fuscous above with posterior mar-
gins of segments ochreous-white ; beneath ochreous-white with a well-
defined lateral stripe on each side and a pair of black spots on the
posterior margin of each segment between the lateral lines.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather sharply narrowed before cucullus;
cucullus bluntly pointed; clasper long, curved, slightly dilated
distally ; sacculus moderately sclerotized. Anellus longer than broad,
slightly constricted at about middle; posterior edge concave; lateral
lobes large, extending nearly to posterior edge of central plate.
Aedeagus slender, curved, pointed, with ventral sclerotized arm by
which it is attached to the anellus; vesica armed with an elongate
patch of fine cornuti. Vinculum rounded, with well-developed dorso-
anterior process. Transtilla a moderately broad sclerotized band
with well-developed lateral lobes. Tegumen pointed.

Ferruile genitalia. — Genital plate very broad, strongly sclerotized.
Ostium small, crescentic, opening slightly posterior to middle. Ductus
bursae long, membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just before
ostium. Bursa copulatrix large, oval, symmetrical, with well-
developed 4-pointed signum.

Alar expanse, 20-23 mm.

Type.—V.S.^.M. No. 52948.

Type locality. — Cajon Valley, Calif.

Food plant. — Unknown.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 83

Remarks. — Described from the type 5 and 1 9 paratype (Cajon
Valley, Calif., 25-VI-1937, Grace H. and John L. Speiry).

Both specimens were received from ISIr. Sperry in material sub-
mitted for determination.

AGONOPTERIX ROSACILIELLA (Busck)

Plate 28, Figures 166, 166a ; Plate 44, Fiquke 257

Depressaria rosacilieUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 763, 1904.^ —
Anderson, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1093, 1904. —
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidoptororum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 346, 1939.

Depressaria ciliella Walsingham (not Stainton), Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1881,
p. 316.— Busck (not Stainton), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 739, 1902; in
Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5863, 1903. [Not Depressaria ciliella
Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1849, p. 161, pi. 17, fig. 7; or Rebel, in
Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunen-
gebietes, vol. 2, No. 3234, 1901.]

Depressaria rosiciliella Meyekick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p.
176, 1922.

Agonopteryx rosacilieUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1908l —
Braun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 73, pt. 1, p. 10, 1921.

Agonopterix rGsaciliella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No,
8431, 1939.

Agonopteryx ciliella Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 239, 1923.

Agnopteryx rosacilieUa (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6448, 1917.

Labial palpus ochreous-white suffused with pale reddish; second
segment mottled exteriorly with blackish fuscous ; third segment with
basal and subterminal bands and tip black. Head, thorax, and fore
wing ochreous-white heavily overlaid with reddish, suffused with red-
dish fuscous, and irrorated with sparse blackish scales ; face whitish ;
light basal portion of fore wing containing a fuscous spot and fol-
lowed by a deep reddish- fuscous shade, the latter diminishing in in-
tensity outwardly; costa and termen with a series of more or less
distinct fuscous spots, those on costa alternated with small whitish-
ochreous spots; discal spots four, white, edged with black; first and
second obliquely one above the other, third and fourth in line with
second, the fourth at end of cell ; cilia fuscous with strong reddish suf-
fusion. Hind wing and cilia light fuscous, the latter with a strong
reddish suffusion. Legs ochreous-white with reddish tinge and
strongly overlaid and irrorated with blackish fuscous except at joints.

Male genitalia. — Harpe long, lightly sclerotized, bluntly pointed,
very hairy, especially in costal half. Clasper straight, slender, grad-
ually tapering to a blunt point, reaching beyond middle of harpe.
Vinculum produced anteriorly to form a broad, rounded, short pro-
jection. Anellus a more or less rectangular plate, longer than broad,
slightly emarginate on posterior edge, with large, hairy, lateral lobes.

§4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Aedeagus slender, not heavily sclerotized ; dilated basally and sharply
pointed distally; the point is slightly upturned; vesica armed with
numerous fine, long cornuti. Transtilla a weakly sclerotized band
with slightly hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos conical, slender; covered
with fine spines. Socii fleshy lobes mainly indicated by hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized.
ostium situated at about center of plate. Ductus bursae very long
(permitting the bursa coupulatrix to reach extreme anterior portion
of abdomen), slender, gradually becoming larger to form the sym-
metrical bursa copulatrix; inception of ductus seminalis well before
ostium. Signum a small, lightly sclerotized, spined, bilobed plate.

Alar expanse, 20-26 mm.

Type. — ^In the United States National Museum.

Type locality.— ''CdiXiv^ Watson," Oreg. (III-IV-1872, Walsing-
ham).

Food plants. — OsmorJiiza (Dr. A. F. Braun, 1921) ; 0. occidentalis
Torr. (Clarke, 1935).

Note. — Osmorhiza occidentalis Torr. Although the three species
of Osmorhiza [occidentalis., divaricata., and hi^evipes) that are in-
digenous to the State of Washington were found at Godman Springs,
Blue Mountains, at an altitude of approximately 6,000 feet, larvae
infested only O. occidentalis. An extended search was made to
determine the host specificity of the species, and in all localities where
the food plants were found rosaciliella attacked only O. occidentalis.

Distribution. — Northwestern United States and southwestern
Canada.

United States records

Montana: Glacier National Park, $ (August 7, 1920, A. F. Braun).
Oregon: "Camp Watson," 9 (III-IV-1872, Walsingham).

Washington: Godman Springs, Blue Mountains, alt. 6,000 feet, 8 S S (VIII-3
to 8-35) ; Pullman, 2 (III-1-98, C. V. Piper).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Kaslo, $ (Dyar and Cockle) ; Trout Lake, $ (lS-VIII-1937,
H. Leech).

Saskatchewan: Scott, 9 (20-X-1923, Kenneth M. King).

Remarks. — I have before me a series of 12 specimens reared from
Osmorhiza occidentalis and 90 from Echinopanax horridum. The
former series is from the interior of Washington State, while the
latter is from the Puget Sound (coastal) region.

For some time I have thought that these two series represented two
distinct but closely related species. I am now of the opinion, how-
ever, that they are conspecific, but that the coastal specimens represent
a distinct race. The interior specimens are, with one exception, con-
siderably darker and more suffused than those from the Puget Sound

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 85

area, but on genitalia characters they are identical, and for this
reason I do not feel justified in separating them specifically. The
larvae show a few differences in coloration, but larvae of this group
are likely to vary even though they may come from eggs of the same
female. No doubt the color variation existing between the two groups
of specimens is induced by differences in food plants. The habits of
the larvae are much the same, both forming rolls, but those on
Osmorhiza have an easier time of it because of the small size of the
leaves on which they work; those on Echinopanax have to cut the
leaf from the edge inwardly first and then form the roll.

I am including a description of the lai-^'ae from both localities so
that their similarities and differences may be appreciated better. In
the main the larvae are the same.

Dr. Braun has been kind enough to send me a specimen from Yellow-
stone National Park reared by her from Osmorhiza. It resembles the
Puget Sound series more closely than do the eastern Washington
specimens.

The larva is as follows : Length, 15-16 mm. Head dull yellowish
brown, spotted with a darker brown posterolaterally ; from the base of
the antenna, extending in a line to the posterior edge of the head, is a
broad blackish-brown band constricted in the middle (in some speci-
mens the band is considerably broader than in others) ; ocelli light
brown. The margins of the underside of the head are blackish brown.
Cervical shield pale green, broadly edged laterally and posteriorly with
black and bisected with a fine whitish-green median line. Thoracic
and abdominal segments bright green heavily suffused with reddish
purple in the dorsal half when the larva is mature. Posteriorly on
the segments the reddish-purple color entirely obscures the green. In
the dorsal half there are three brownish-fuscous longitudinal stripes,
the outer ones fully twice as broad as the median one. On abdominal
segments 2-7 inclusive, near the dorsoanterior margin, on each side
of the dorsal stripe, is an outwardly oblique line of 4 to 6 small green
spots. Between the longitudinal lines are several small green spots
generally following folds in the skin. Anal plate green, heavily suf-
fused with reddish purple. Tubercles black centrally, whitish green
outwardly. Spiracles ringed with black, with a whitish-green suffu-
sion outwardly. Thoracic legs concoiorous with segments.

Dr. A. F. Braun first discovered larvae of this species in Yellow-
stone National Park. She has sent me one bred specimen from this
lot of larvae. Although the food plant is widespread throughout the
inland empire, the larvae are very difficult to locate. Much time has
been spent in a search for these larvae in order to clear up the status
of this and related species. On July 13, 1935, a stand of Osmorhiza
was found at Godman Springs, Blue Mountains, Columbia County,

5b PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Wash., at an altitude of 6,000 feet. After a somewhat prolonged
search ten larvae and one pupa were collected, the latter being the
first found.

The larva is distinctly a leaf roller, not invading the umbels as is
done so commonly by members of Agonopierix and Depressaria. The
pupa was found in an umbel, but there was no sign of feeding having
taken place, and I do not think it is the usual habit for pupation to
occur there. It seems more likely that pupation generally occurs
about the base of the plant in debris. This larva is one of the most
active in the group, being easily disturbed and very difficult to capture.

Pupa : Normal for group : "Wing, antenna, and leg sheaths bright
green. Abdominal segments green heavily suffused with reddish pur-
ple dorsally. On the second day the color begins to deepen; the
sheaths become a duller and darker green and the abdominals a light
reddish brown. The color gradually becomes darker until the pupa
is almost black.

The pupal period is lS-14 days.

This species is very close to the European cilieUa and was identified
as such by Walsingham. The American rosaciUeJla has a much more
slanting termen and appears to be a more narrow-winged species than
cilieUa. The genitalia of the male of rosaciliella show a truncated
anellus, while in cilieUa the anellus is concave. The harpes of the
former species are less pointed and broader than those of the latter.

The abdomen of the type is lost, but I do not hesitate to place the
reared series under this name.

AGONOPTERIX ROSACILIELLA ECHINOPANICIS, new variety

Similar to typical rosoxiilieUa but may be distinguished from it by
the generally lighter color and less suffused and less smoky appear-
ance. The black scaling is sparser and more sharply contrasted.

The male and female genitalia are the same as those of typical
ros(wiliella.

Alar expanse, 20-2G mm.

Type.—^]. S. N. M. No. 52252.

Type locality. — Skyline Eidge, Mount Baker district, Whatcom
County, Wash. Altitude 2,500-3,000 feet.

Food plant. — Echinopanax horridwm (Smith) Dene, and Planch.

Remarks. — Described from the type $ and 78 $ and $ paratypes
as follows : Skyline Eidge and Bagley Creek, Whatcom County, Wash.,
altitude 2,500-3,000 feet, 35 5 5 and 40 $ 9 (September 5-12, 1933
and 1935, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Fraser Mills, British Columbia, 2 9?
(IV-10-21, IV-4-23, L. E. Marmont) ; Vancouver, British Columbia,
9 (no date).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 87

Paratypes in the United States National Museum, Canadian Na-
tional collection, and the collection of H. H, Keifer, Sacramento,
Calif.

The larva is as follows: Length, 14-16 mm.; head dark brov/n to
black. Thoracic shield greenish to light brown bisected by a whitish
median line and broadly bordered with black on the posterolateral
edges. Thoracic and abdominal segments green, the latter suffused
dorsally with reddish; from the mesothorax, in the dorsal half, two
broad longitudinal brown stripes; a third median longitudinal stripe
of the same color beginning at the first abdominal segment and con-
tinuing posteriorly the full length of the body. Thoracic legs green-
ish. Tubercles black. Spiracles edged with black. Anal plate light
brown.

Pupa : At first yellowish green with the abdominal segments suffused
with reddish dorsally. In 24 hours the wing sheaths become green
and the abdominal segments reddish brown. The pupa finally turns
deep reddish brown; wing sheaths nearly black, but they still retain
a greenish sheen.

The pupal period of 12 to 15 days.

AGONOPTERIX NOVI-MUNDI (Walsingham)

Pl.\te 28, Figures 168, 168a

Depressaria paHJeUa novi-mundi Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 256, 1889'. —
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5273,
1891.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis., vol. 24, p. 74, 1902.

Depressaria novimiindi (Walsingham) Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull.
52, No. 5866, 1903.— Keakfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6409, 1903. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
ISO, p. 175, 1922.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p.
335, 1939.

Agonoptcryx novimundi (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. IMus., vol. 35,
p. 198, 1908.

Agonopterix novimundi (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera), No. 8428, 1939.

Agnopteryx noinmundi (Walsingham) Barnes and IMcDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6454, 1917.

Labial palpus sordid whitish; irrorated with blackish fuscous
inwardly and outwardly on the second segment and in the brush;
third segment with black subbasal and supramedial annuli. An-
tenna blackish fuscous with grayish annulations. Head, thorax, and
ground color of fore wing grayish fu.scous, the latter heavily overlaid
with dull purplish fuscous ; head scales and dark scales of fore wing
tipped with cinereous; at base of fore wing an indistinct fuscous
patch followed by a poorly defined yellowish-brown shade; at basal
third an outwardly oblique black dash in disk edged with yellowish

88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

brown ; at end of cell an indistinct white discal spot ; between veins,
in apical third, yellowish-brown shading; along costa and around
tei-men a series of poorly defined fuscous spots; cilia fuscous tipped
with white. Hind wing shining yellowish fuscous; cilia concolorous,
lighter apically. Legs cinereous strongly overlaid with shining yel-
lowish fuscous except at joints.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, sparsely clothed with hairs; clasper
slender, pointed, dilated about middle, reaching two-thirds distance
to costa. Anellus more or less rectangular, longer than broad, con-
cave on each side before posterior end and also on posterior margin;
lateral lobes weak, hairy. Vinculmn rounded. Aedeagus stout, bent,
pointed, the point slightly upturned; vesica with a weak spinulate
patch about middle. Transtilla a broad, sclerotized band with large
hairy lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval, spined knob. Socii large hairy,
fleshy flaps.

Alar expanse, 16 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type localities. — Mount Shasta, Siskiyou County, Calif., and
"North Oregon."

Remarks. — ^Various specimens in collections have been associated
with this species, but the only two I have seen that belong under this
name are paratypes of Lord Walsingham's that he deposited in the
National collection. I have seen no females.

AGONOPTERIX PALLIDELLA (Bnsck)

Plate 32, Figubes 182, 182a ; Plate 44, Figure 256

Depressaria pallidella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 765, 1904. — Ander-
son, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1095, 1904. — Meybick,

m Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,

Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 337, 1939.
Agnopteryx pallidella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6461, 1917.
Agonopterix pallidella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8418, 1939.
Agonopteryx terinella Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4,

p. 232, pi. 28, fig. 15, 1920.
Agonopterix terinella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8418, 1939. (As synonym of pallidella (Busck).)
Depressaria terinella Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,

p. 174, 1922.
Agonopteryx serrae Claeke, Can. Ent., vol. 65, p. 84, pi. 5, 1933.
Agonopterix serrae (Clarice) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8418, 1939. (x\s synonym of pallidella (Busck).)
Depressaria serrae (Clarke) Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92,

p. 350, 1939

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 89

Labial palpus whitish ochreous, second segment irrorated with
blackish fuscous exteriorly; third segment with subbasal and supra-
medial bands blackish fuscous. Antenna fuscous. Head, thorax,
and fore wing light ochreous. Face shining light silvery ochreous;
head with light infuscation anteriorly; thorax and fore wing irro-
rated with blackish fuscous and shaded with fuscous; extreme base
whitish ochreous, with a single blackish fuscous spot in the fold and
followed by a rapidly fading fuscous shade; along costa and around
termen a series of blackish fuscous spots; at basal third, in cell, two
black discal spots, obliquely one above the other, followed by a fuscous
cloud; the latter is in turn followed by a blackish fuscous spot at end
of cell; cilia light grayish fuscous irrorated with wiiitish ochreous.
Hind wing grayish fuscous, cilia concolorous, with a slightly darker
basal band. Legs whitish ochreous ; fore and mid legs heavily over-
laid with fuscous except at joints; hind leg overlaid with fuscous on
femur with slight infuscation on tibia and tarsus. Abdomen fuscous
above; beneath whitish ochreous with broad, fuscous lateral line on
each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe almost entirely clothed with fine hairs;
cucullus rounded, with several long, coarse marginal hairs;
clasper straight, reaching just beyond middle of harpe; anellus
a moderately sclerotized plate (with the posterior edge convex),
with large sparsely hairy lobes laterally. Vinculum rounded, with
dorsoanterior process well developed. Aedeagus stout, slightly bent
about middle, and bearing a flat, sclerotized basal process by which
the aedeagus articulates with the anellus. Transtilla a narrow, lightly
sclerotized band. Gnathos a heavily spined cone. Socii flat, hairy
lobes. Terminal portion of tegumen pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow. Ostium semicircular.
Ductus bursae membranous, becoming gradually larger to form the
symmetrical bursa copulatrix. Signum an oblong-oval, toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 17-24 mm.

Types. — In the United States National Museum.

Type localities. — Kaslo, British Columbia {pallidella) ; Silverton,
Colo, (terinella) ; Pullman, Wash, {serrae).

Food plant. — Senecio serra Hook.

Disfrihution. — ^Western United States and southwestern Canada.

United States records

California: Warner Mountains, 3 miles east of Davis Creek, Modoc County, alt.

5,500 feet, 2 $ $ and $ (VII-8 to 15-22, A. W. Lindsey).
Colorado: Silverton, 3 $ $ and 5 ( August 24-30 ) .
Utah: Stockton, 2 5 5 and 5 (VII-8-07, VII-30-13, VII-21-07, Tom Spalding) ;

Warner Ranger Station, La Sal Mountains, 9,000 feet, (July 1933, A. B.

Klots).

90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Washington: Pullman, SI $ $ and 37 $ 2 (VI-15 to VII-3-1932-35, J. F. G.
Clarke [reared]).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Kaslo, $ (Dyar and Coclde) ; Keremeos, 3 $ $ (VI-30 to
VII-11-23, C. B. Garrett).

Remarks. — I do not hesitate to accept the above synonymy after
carefully studying the types of all three species. It is not surpris-
ing that the three species should have been described because of the
apparent differences. When carefully compared these differences are
reduced to mere shades of coloration. The specimens of teri/tiella are
somewhat darker than the type of pallideUa., and this is no doubt
due to the fact that they are in better condition than the rubbed type
of the latter species. A long reared series of serrae shows all but one
or two decidedly darker than either of the two types above, but this
depth of color is purely environmental. There are no differences
in the genitalia of either the males or females.

Under this name a long series of both reared and captured speci-
mens from British Columbia and California has previously been
placed. Although the genitalia of these specimens are similar to
pallidella they are amply different in other respects. They are de-
scribed on an earlier page of this paper as A. fusciterminella^ new
species.

AGONOPTERIX ARNICELLA (Walsingham)
Plate 33, Figtjee 186

Depressaria arnicella Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 313, pi. 36,
fig. 3. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5254,
1891.— BusCK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 738, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat.
Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5859, 1903. — Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6402 1903. — Anderson, Catalogue of British Columbia
Lepidoptera, No. 1089, 1904.— Kearfott, Can. Ent., vol. 37, p. 296, 1905.—
Metbick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaedb,
in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 307, 1939.

Agonoptcryx arnicella (Walsingham) BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol 35, p.
198, 1908.

Agonopterix arnicella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera )
No. 8414, 1939.

Agnoptcryx arnicella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6452, 1917.

Labial palpus pale whitish ochreous ; second segment heavily over-
laid with fuscous exteriorly and with a pink spot, about the middle
of brush, inwardly ; third segment with apex and subterminal annulus
black and a poorly defined subbasal annulus fuscous. Antenna dark
grayish fuscous. Face shining whitish. Head yellowish ochreous;
tuft beneath eye brilliant carmine. Thorax and fore wing pale whitish

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 91

ochreous ; thorax suffused and irrorated with fuscous ; pale basal shade
of fore wing with black suffusion on extreme base of costa, a black
spot in fold and followed by a fuscous shade that does not reach costa ;
on the inner margin, at angle, an elongate black blotch in the fuscous
shade; along costa and around termen a series of blackish-fuscous
spots; apical third of costa roseate; at basal third two black discal
spots, obliquely one above the other, followed by a fuscous shade ; at
end of cell a white discal spot edged with black; cilia grayish fuscous
suffused with reddish. Hind wing shining gray; cilia concolorous,
with strong reddish suffusion. Legs whitish ochreous strongly over-
laid with fuscous except at joints; tip of tibia of first leg and the tips
of tibia and first tarsal segment of second leg, carmine ; tibia of hind
leg with strong reddish suffusion.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, moderately sclerotized, sparsely
clothed with fine hairs ; sacculus slightly emarginate at base of clasper,
otherwise parallel with costa; harpe not narrowing toward the broad,
rounded cucullus; clasper very short and slender, scarcely reaching
past the middle of the harpe. Anellus an oval plate constricted basally
and produced posteriorly, with hairy, lateral lobes. Vinculum
rounded. Transtilla a broad but lightly sclerotized band with small
narrow, lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval, spined knob. Socii mod-
erately clothed with fine hairs. Aedeagus slender, curved, pointed;
dilated slightly basally and with a well developed sclerotized arm by
which the aedeagus articulates with the anellus; vesica armed with
numerous fine, weak cornuti.

Alar expanse, 22 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

"^we locality. — Mount Shasta, Calif.

Food plants. — Arnica angusti folia (Vahl) (?) ; Erigeron sp. (Dr.
Braun's record).

Remarks. — ^I have received a male and a female of this species from
Dr. Annette F. Braun, of Cincinnati, Ohio. This is the first record of
the occurrence of this species since its discovery at Momit Shasta,
Calif., by Lord Walsingham in 1871. Dr. Braun's material was reared
from larvae collected at Hoh Lake, Olympic Mountains, Wash.,
August 13, 1936. The moths emerged September 2, 1936. This record
extends the known range of the species 1,000 miles northward.

Notes made in the field by Dr. Braun are as follows : "Larvae in the
top of Erigeron shoot, webbing together the uppermost leaves and
flowerbuds ; very dark purplish in color, with paler tubercles."

The food plant, as recorded by Dr. Braun, casts some doubt on
the correctness of Lord Walsingham's determination of the host of
ai^icella. Both food plants are Compositae, but I question Lord
Walsingham's record.

92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

The female submitted by Dr. Braim is the first I have seen. Lord
Walsingham did not specify the sexes of the five specimens in his
type series, and, although he probably had a female or two, the one
before me is the only authentic one in this country. There are two
male paratypes from Lord Walsingham's series in the National col-
lection and one male in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cam-
bridge, Mass. I have compared the genitalia of one of the National
Museum paratypes with the genitalia of Dr. Braun's male and find
them identical. The male genitalia of arniceUa are unique in the
genus so there can be no doubt about the identity of the Washington
specimens.

I am gTeatly indebted to Dr. Braun for this interesting record and
also for the male specimen she has deposited in the National collection.

AGONOPTERIX ROBINIELLA (Packard)

Plate 29, Figures 169, 169a ; Plate 44, Figure 259

Depressaria rotlniella Packard, Guide to the study of insects, p. 349, pi. 8, fig. 14,
1869.— Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 91, 107, 1872 ; Cincinnati Quart. Journ.
Sci., vol. 1, p. 208, 1874.— Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.—
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5278, 1891. —
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 745, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus.
Bull. 52, No. 5882, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No 6425, 1903.— Traver, Psyche, vol. 26, p. 78, 1919.— Meyrick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 346, 1939.

Agonopteryx robiniella (Packard) BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 199,
1908.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 241, 1923.

Agmiopterix ro'bimella (Packard) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8448, 1939.

Agnopteryx roMnieUa (Packard) Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey,
p. 561, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6471, 1917. — Brimley, The insects of North Carolina,
p. 304, 1938. — Procter, Biological survey of the Mount Desert region. Part 6,
The insect fauna, p. 273, 1938.

Depressaria hilarella Zellee [not Coquillett, Papilio, vol. 3, p. 98, 1883], Verh.
zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 234, 1873.— Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc.
London, 1881, p. 312. — Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 355,
1890. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5266,
1891. — Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 474, 1900.

Agonopterix hilarella (Zeller) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8448, 1939. (As synonym of roUniella (Packard) .)

Labial palpus whitish ochreous basally, gradually becoming more
yellowish toward the apex ; second segment mottled with brick red and
fuscous exteriorly and in the brush ; third segment with subbasal and
subterminal annuli brick red and fuscous, respectively, the former
redder, the latter more fuscous. Antenna fuscous with considerable

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE CLARKE 93

red scaling basally, especially above. Head, thorax, and <i;i-ound color
of fore wing yellow, mottled and overlaid with brick red and irrorated
and shaded with fuscons and black; at basal third two black cliscal
spots, the one nearer the inner margin less distinct than that toward
eosta ; discal spot at end of cell absent or very indistinct ; replaced by
a snbtriangular fuscous shade; before termen a poorly defined dark
band not attaining costa; along costa and around termen a series of
indistinct blackish spots; cilia light fuscous, tinged with red. Hind
wing grayish fuscous with terminal edge narrowly blackish fuscous;
cilia light fuscous with narrow subbasal and subterminal bands. Legs
whitish ochreous suffused and mottled with brick red and fuscous.
Abdomen whitish ochreous strongly overlaid with fuscous above; be-
neath sparsely irrorated with fuscous and black and with a row of
black spots on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe elongate, clothed with fine hairs, cucullus
pointed; clasper short, stout, straight. Anellus oval, slightly longer
tlian broad, posterior edge truncated; lateral lobes w^eak, clothed with
short hairs. Aecleagus stout, slightly curved ; vesica with an elongate
patch of fine, spiculate cornuti. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a
broad sclerotized band with large lateral lobes. Gnathos an elongate,
oval, spined knob. Socii large, hairy, fleshy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad; area posterior to ostium
with two small sclerotized patches. Ostium oval, near center of plate.
Ductus bursae long, membranous, dilated at point of inception of
ductus seminalis. Bursa copulatrix with minute signum.

Alar expanse, IJ— 20 mm.

r^/z^e.— Lost?

Type locality. — ^Massachusetts ?

Food plants. — Hohinia psexidoacacia L. ; Saniculaf

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

TJyiited States records

Illinois: Oconee, $ (July 1-7).

Maine: Freedom, S (J- C. Purlin) ; Salisbury Cove (July 27; ace. Procter).

Maryland: Plummers Island, 2 S S (August 1903, A. Busck ; 2-VIII-20, H. S.
Barber).

Massachusetts: Manchester, $ (Beutenmiiller coll.) ; Marthas Vineyard, 5 S S ,
2 ? $ (July and August, F. M. Jones) ; Vineyard Haven, $ ("VII-13,"
F. M. Jones) ; Woods Hole {$, 19-VII-1919; $, l.WIII-1014, W. T. M.
Forbes ) .

New Hampshire: Hampton, 3 9 9 (VII-2-05, VII-8--08, S. A. Shaw).

New York: Bedford, 2 5 5 (ir)-VII-34, A. B. Klots) ; Ithaca (5 $ S , July and
August dates, W. T. M. Forbes ; S , 8-VIII-33, E. C. Hodson ; S , ll-VII-1928,
S, 22-VII-1928, A. B. Klots; 5, 27-VII-1929, A. G. Richards) ; Mattituck,
Long Island, 5 (4-VI-1933, Roy Latham) ; New Windsor, $ (June 1891) ;
Orient, Long Island, 8 $ S, 8 5 5 (April to October dates, 1933-1934, Roy
Litham) ; Rochester, 5 (31-VII-33, A. B. Klots) ; Southold, Long Island,
2 (August, Roy Latham).

94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

North Carolina: Black Mountains, 2 ("July 4").
Ohio: Cincinnati, $, 5 ( VI 1-11-04, A. F. Braun).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, $, 2 (VIII-9-07, VII-20-02, H. D. Merrick);
Oak Station, Allegheny County, $ (26-VI-1911, Fred Marloff).

Canadian records

Nova Scotia: Bridgetown, 2 (VIII-8-1912, "G. E. S.") ; Truro, 2 (25-VII-1913,
R. Matheson).

Ontario: Point Pelee, $, 2 (26-VII and ll-VII-1927, F. P. Ide [reared from
Rohinia pseudoacacla]) ; Port Hope, 2 2 2 (one, 24-V 1 1-1897 ; the other
without date or collector) ; Toronto, 2 (no date or collector) ; Trenton, $
(12-VII-1908, Evans) ; Vineland Station, 22 2 (5-VII-1038, W. L. Putnam
[reared from Rohinia pseudoacacia]).

Remarks. — This and the following three species have been confused
repeatedly in collections because of the difficulty of separating them
on superficial characters. The moths of all four intergrade to some
extent, but dimorpheUa, and less so lecontella, can be distinguished
rather readily. Under the respective species I have discussed their
separation from robinieUa.

I have described what I consider to be typical rohinielJa. It must
be borne in mind that there is considerable variation between speci-
mens and that many lack the red coloration found in tlie typical
form. The characters I have used in the key, and those I have dis-
cussed in my remarks under the various species, should suffice to
place any doubtful specimens.

AGONOPTERIX LECONTELLA (Clemens)

Plate 44, Figure 260

Depressaria lecontella Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860, p. 174. —
Robinson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 9, p. 157, pi. 1, fig. 9, 1870. —
Clemens, in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 137, 1872. — Chambers,
Can. Ent, vol. 4, p. 146, 1872; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p.
138, 1878.— Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.— Riley,
in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5268, 1891. —
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 745, 1902; in Dyar, U. S. Nat.
Mus Bull. 52, No. 5883, 1903. — Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6426, 1903. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,
pt. 92, p. 330, 1939.

Ago^iopteryx lecontella (Clemens) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p.
199, 1908.

Agnopteryx lecontella (Clemens) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6472, 1917.

Agonopterix lecontella (Clemens) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8447, 1939.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 95

Labial palpus pale ochreous; second segment irrorated exteriorly
with fuscous ; third segment with subbasal and median bands fuscous.
Antenna fuscous. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing light
ochreous; the thorax, except collar, and fore wing, except base and
basal third of costa, strongly overlaid and suffused with brown ; fore
wing sparsely irrorated with black scales, more so in distal half; a
spot at extreme base of costa, one subcostally and another on inner
angle near base, black; at basal third two conspicuous, black discal
spots, one above the other, surrounded by a pale ochreous shade, the
latter followed by a poorly defined fuscous cloud ; at the end of cell
a poorly defined whitish-ochreous spot; along costa, around termen to
inner margin a series of small fuscous spots; cilia pale ochreous-
fuscous edged outwardly with pale ochreous. Hind wing grayish
fuscous ; cilia somewhat lighter with ochreous-fuscous terminal band.
Legs pale ochreous slightly irrorated and suffused with fuscous. Ab-
domen light ochreous, suffused with fuscous.

Female genitalia, — Genital plate moderately narrow with a strongly
sclerotized, slightly produced anterior edge. Ostium large, occupying
most of length of genital plate. Ductus bursae very long, gradually
tapering into the large asymmetrical bursa copulatrix. Inception of
ductus seminalis on right side of ductus bursae just before ostium.
Bursa bulged out to the right, the evaginated part annulated with a
series of concentric ridges ; the signum is a moderately large, strongly
sclerotized, toothed plate with well developed anterior and posterior
points and is situated at the periphery of the evaginated portion of
the bursa copulatrix.

Alar expanse, 18-25 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia,

Type locality. — "Pennsylvania."

Food plant. — Baptisia tinctoj^ia R. Brown.

Dis-tnhution. — Known only from the type locality (presumably
Pennsylvania) and one other specimen from Arendtsville, Pa. (7-4-29,
S.W.Frost).

Remarks. — In the National collection there is a single female of
this species. Aside from the type it is the only other specimen I
have seen. Everything else I have seen in the collections under this
name is referable to other species and is dealt with accordingly.

This species can be distinguished from the others with which it
has been confused by the pale area surrounding the two conspicuous
black discal spots at basal third, by the pale whitish-ochreous spot
at the end of the cell, and by the strong signum of the bursa.

This species is not included in the key based on gentalia.

96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

AGONOPTERIX THELMAE, new species

Plate 44, Figtjke 259 A

Depressaria leeontella Smith [not Clemens], Catalogue of the insects of New

Jersey, p. 355, 1890. — Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New

Jersey, p. 474, 1900.
Agonopteryx leeontella Fokbes [not (Clemens)], Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.

Memoir 68, p. 241, 1923.
Agnoptery.v leeontella Smith [not (Clemens)], Catalogue of the insects of New

Jersey, p. 561, 1910.

Labial palpus whitish ochreous ; second segment irrorated exteriorly
with reddish fuscous; third segment with blackish-fuscous subbasal
and supramedial bands. Antenna with basal segment whitish ochre-
ous indistinctly annulated with fuscous basally, finally becoming fus-
cous in apical third. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing
whitish ochreous. Thorax and fore wing irrorated with fuscous and
suffused with dull reddish ; beneath inner edge of tegula, on each side,
a fuscous spot ; extreme base of costa and a narrow line beyond light
basal area, fuscous; at basal third two superposed blackish-fuscous
spots ; a similar one at end of cell preceded by an orange-red streak ;
between this streak and the costa a small fuscous shade; along costa
and around termen a series of indistinct fuscous spots, those around
termen more reddish; cilia whitish ochreous with a reddish tint.
Hind wing fuscous ; cilia whitish ochreous banded with fuscous. Legs
whitish ochreous suffused and irrorated with reddish fuscous except
at joints. Abdomen whitish ochreous heavily overlaid with fuscous
above and with a row of black spots on each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Similar to rohiniella but with slightly narrower
transtilla and with coarse, though small, cornuti.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, convexly produced an-
teriorly. Ostium large, broad, oval, about middle of genital plate.
Ductus bursae membranous except for a strongly dilated, lightly sclero-
tized area near posterior third; inception of ductus seminalis near os-
tium. Bursa copulatrix moderately large, without signum.

Alar expanse, 17-25 mm.

Type.—\J. S. N. M. No. 53175.

Type locality.— Oak Station, Allegheny County, Pa. (21-VIII-1910,
FredMarloff).

Food plant. — Unknown.

Bemarks. — Described from the $ type, 16 $ and 14 5 paratypes as
follows: 9 , "Connecticut"; S $ S , Plummers Island, Md. (July, Au-
gust, 1903, A. Busck; 2-Vn-1920, H. S. Barber) ; 9 Marthas Vine-
yard, Mass. ( September 1, F.M.Jones) ; $ , Ithaca, N. Y. (2-IX-1924,
W. T. M. Forbes) ; 2 , Lenox ([New York?] ; Beutenmiiller) ; 2 9 5
"New York"; S , Linwood Hill, N. Y. (14-VII-1888, H. G. Dyar) ; $ ,

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 97

Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. ("August") ; 12 5 $,9 Oak Station,
Allegheny County, Pa. (July and August dates, 1908-1911, Fred Mar-
loff) ; ? , Lobo, Ontario (29-VIII-1924, H. F. Hudson) ; 2 $ ? , Port
Hope, Ontario (17-Vni-1896, 15-VIII-1897, no collector); 2 9 9,
Toronto, Ontario (no date or collector) ; 2 $ ? , Montreal, Quebec
(lO-IX-1904, no collector).

Paratypes in the United States National Museum, Canadian Na-
tional, and Cornell University collections.

This species is difficult to separate, ^Yith certainty, from rohiniella
on superficial characters and on male genitalia. All the specimens I
have seen, however, have a distinct orange-red bar or dash in the cell
before the outer discal spot; all specimens of 7'ohm.iella I have seen
lack it. The females can be easily separated by genitalia. The gen-
ital plate of thelmae is narrow, that of rohiniella broad.

In addition to the type series I have seen 2 5 9 from Massachusetts
(Chilmark, "VIII-6'' George D. Eustis ; Vineyard Haven, VIII-10-36,
F. M. Jones) and 1 2 from Maine (October 12, 1938, A. E. Brower).

AGONOPTERIX DEWORPHELLA, new species

Plate 31, Figures 179, 179a ; Plate 40, Figure 229

A medium-sized species superficially resembling lecontella and
Tohinella but darker and smaller than either.

Labial palpus with second segment creamy white irrorated with
fuscous outwardly; third segment fuscous with each scale tip and
a median, inner fascia creamy white. Antenna with basal segment
and proximal fourth creamy white beneath and fuscous above; distal
three-fourths fuscous with narrow, lighter annulations. Head,
thorax, and fore wing reddish ochreous, suffused with fuscous.
From costa a fuscous median shade extending almost to inner mar-
gin; well before termen a similar but narrower, less conspicu-
ous outwardly curved shade; before middle of cell two small black
discal spots, one above the other ; at end of cell a conspicuous yellow
discal spot; cilia fuscous, irrorated with creamy white, and wnth a
distinct pink tinge; underside of fore wing blackish fuscous. Hind
wing blackish fuscous; cilia a lighter shade of the same color. Fore
leg with femur fuscous inwardly, creamy white outwardly; tibia
creamy white overlaid or irrorated with fuscous outwardly; tarsi
fuscous annulated with creamy white. Mid legs and hind legs creamy
white with tibiae fuscous outwardly; tarsi fuscous with creamy white
annulations. Abdomen fuscous above, creamy white beneath with a
black lateral line on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with hairs; cucullus
pointed; clasper stout, short, scarcely exceeding middle of harpe,

286614 — 41 5 . .rv-^H

98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

bluntly pointed; sacculus moderatelj^ sclerotized. Annellus longer
than broad, constricted basally; lateral edges convex; posterior edge
concave; lateral lobes poorly developed. Aedeagus stout, slightly
curved, bluntly pointed; vesica armed with a large patch of small
cornuti. Vinculum rounded, with prominent dorsoanterior process.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with well developed, hairy
lateral lobes. Socii moderately large hairy lobes. Tegimien pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately sclerotized, with pro-
duced, truncate anterior margin. Ostium small, round. Ductus
bursae membranous ; inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Signum absent.

Alar expanse, 11-18 mm.

Type.—\].^.'^M. No. 52947.

Type locality. — Henry, Putnam County, 111.

Food plant. — Amorplia fruticosa L.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, 78 $ and 65 5 paratypes
all from the same locality. These are all reared specimens, bearing
May and June dates, from larvae collected by Murray O. Glenn.

Paratypes in the collections of Murray O. Glenn, Magnolia, 111.;
H. H. Keifer, Sacramento, Calif. ; Dr. Annette F. Braun, Cincinnati,
Ohio. ; Los Angeles Museum ; and Canadain National Museum.

In this species the males are strikingly darker and smaller and the
markings less contrasting than in the females.

I am indebted to Mr. Glenn for the long series of reared specimens
which make up the type series. Some of the specimens were reared
by Mr. Glenn while others were reared in Washington from
larvae submitted by him. The specimens reared at Washington are
identical with those reared in Illinois, although the emergence dates
are earlier for the former than for the latter.

Of this species Mr. Glenn writes, "The first emergence was June 4
(1938), and the heaviest from June 10-13. Pupation in the field
occurs immediately (after the larva matures) at the base of the
plant. In many instances this is the only place available as the
shrub is often completely surrounded by water, except for a small
hummock, about a foot in diameter, formed by the plant roots."

This species may be separated readily from roMniella or lecon-
tella by the yellow discal spot of the fore wing.

AGONOPTERIX ARGILLACEA (Walsingham)

Plate 29, Figures 171, 171a ; Plate 44, Figuee 255

Depressaria argillacea Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 313, pi.
36, fig. 2. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal Amei'ica, No.
5252, 1891.— P.uscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 788, 1902; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5860, 1903 ; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 99

763, 1904.— Anderson, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1090,
1904. — Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
6403, 1903; Can. Ent., vol. 37, p. 296, 1905. — Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera
insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum cata-
logus, pt. 92, p. 306, 1939.

Agonopteryx argillacea (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 199, 1908.- Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 238, 1923.

Agonopterix argillacea (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8413, 1939.

Agnoptcryx argillacea (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6459, 1917.

Agonopteryx Uacella Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. N. Amer., vol. 4, p. 232,
pi. 38, tig. 2, 1920. (New synonymy.)

Agonopterix Nacella (Barnes and Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera), No. 8422, 1939.

Depressaria bJacella (Barnes and Busck) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922.

Labial palpus, antenna, head, thorax, and fore wing pale grayish
ochreoiis; labial palpus suffused and lightly irrorated exteriorly on
second segment with fuscous; third segment with subbasal and sub-
apical annuli (the former poorly defined) and tip blackish fuscous;
antenna darker apically; face lighter than rest of head; pale basal
patch of fore wing diffused along costa and bounded below it by an
outwardly diffused but inwardly distinct blackish-fuscous shade; re-
mainder of fore wing sparsely irrorated with black scales ; along ccsta
and around termen a series of indistinct fuscous spots ; at basal third, in
cell, two black discal spots (sometimes containing some brown scales)
obliquely one above the other, followed by a blackish fuscous cloud
above the middle of the wing and reaching a sordid-whitish discal
spot at the end of cell ; the spot at end of cell is narrowly edged with
blackish fuscous and brown scales and usually preceded by a similar,
brown-edged white spot; cilia concolorous with ground color of fore
wing. Hind wing and cilia pale grayish ochreous, the latter with
light-fuscous basal band. Legs pale grayish ochreous suffused with
blackish fuscous except at joints. Abdomen light grayish fuscous
above; beneath, pale grayish ochreous with a lateral row of black
spots on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample, moderately sclerotized and clothed
with hair; cucullus rounded; clasper slender, straight, reaching be-
yond center of harpe. Anellus broadly rectangular, somewhat nar-
rower basall}^, longer than broad and with weakly developed lateral
lobes. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus moderately sclerotized; stout,
curved with apex pointed and sometimes slightly dorsally upturned.
Gnathos an elongate oval spined knob. Socii fleshy, hairy lobes.

100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Female genitalia. — Ostium spindle-shaped (transverse). Genital
plate moderately broad, produced anteriorly, the production of the
anterior margin as wide as the genital plate is long. Ductus bursae
membranous, variable in length; inception of ductus seminalis just
anterior to ostium. Bursa copulatrix not abruptly defined but
formed by the gradual broadening of the ductus bursae. Signum a
sclerotized, toothed, diamond-shaped plate.

Alar expanse, 19-24 mm.

Types. — In the British Museum {argillacea) ; in the United States
National Museum {hlacella).

Type localities. — Newville, Tehama County, Calif, {argillacea) ;
Shasta Eetreat and Truckee, Calif, (blacella).

Food plant. — Salix spp.

Distribution. — Western United States and western Canada and
northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

California: Sacramento, 11 $ $,2 9 9 (V-10 to 24-33, H. H. Keifer [reared]) ;

Truckee, 8 S $, 8 9 9 (August and October dates, Ximena McGlashan).
Idaho: Johnson's Bar, Snake River, 9 (IV-l()-26, J. F. G. Clarke).
Oreg-on: Fort Klamath, Fort Watson (Walsingham).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 9 (VI-20-07, H. D. Merrick).
Washington: Dieringer, 9 (VIII-1-32, W. W. Baker [reared]) ; Battleground,

Clark County, $ (VIII-22-30, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Logan Hill, Chehalis, $,

9 (II-5-30, III-28-30, T. M. Clarke) ; Pullman (4 $ $, S 9 9, March to

November dates, T. M. and J. F. G. Clarke [reared]).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Duncan, 9 ("1-10-12", Hanham) ; Vancouver, $ (IV-6-03) ;

Victoria, $, 9 ("7-9-03" ; "3-7-03") ; Wellington, 2 $ $ (IV-30-02), 9 9

("2-5-02"; "20-4-07") 4 S S (April, G. W. Taylor).
New Brunswick: Frederickton, 9 (Aug. 27, 1929, R. P. Gorham).
Ontario: Biscotasing, $ (VIII-4-31, Karl Schedl) ; Bobcaygeon, $ (VIII-16-32,

J. McDunnough) ; Stittsville, $ (21-VIII-1939, E. G. Lester).

Remarks. — The study of 22 male and female genitalia slides, to-
gether with host records, convinces me that the above synonymy is
correct.

A paratype of Walsingham's argillacea is before me. This speci-
men, in good condition, although somewhat faded, exactly matches
specimens of hlacelln. All the male genitalia are identical except
for slight variations in the harpe, a phenomenon frequently encoun-
tered in this gi'oup. The female genitalia show wide variation in the
length of the ductus bursae, but a study of Busck's cotypes of hlacella
show this wide variation in length even in the type series. The length
of the ductus bursae is not a reliable character for the separation of
species of this group.

REVISION OF THE OECOPPIORIDAE — CLARKE 101

I have before me long bred series from various localities, all show-
ing some variation. Specimens from Sacramento, Calif., match Wal-
singham's description of argillacea^ while other bred specimens from
Washington State match the types of hlacella. The pattern of both is
identical. The depth of color and the definition of the discal spots
vary throughout the series. These characters cannot be used for dif-
ferentiation of species since, in any long bred series, all degrees of
depth of color or definition of spots may be found.

AGONOPTERIX NIGRINOTELLA (Busck)

Plate 29, Figukes 170, 170a ; Plate 45, Figure 265

Depressaria nigrinotella Bxjsck, Proc. Ent. Soc. "Washington, vol. 9, p. 88, 1908. —

Meykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in

Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 334, 1939.
Aganopteryx nigrinotella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, IGOS. —

Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. N. Amer., vol. 4, p. 232, 1920. — Forbes,

Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.
Agonopterix nigrinotella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2. Microlepidoptera), No.

8444, 1939.
Agnopteryx nigrinotella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6444, 1917.

Labial palpus pale yellowish brown ; second segment sparsely irro-
rated with blackish fuscous exteriorly; third segment with basal
three-fourths and apex black. Antenna fuscous. Head light reddish
brown. Thorax, base, and basal half of costa of fore wing light yel-
lowish brown; anterior edge of thorax and tegula somewhat darker
brown ; posterior tip of thorax blackish fuscous. Fore wing brownish
fuscous faintly irrorated with blackish fuscous; beyond light basal
part of wing a blackish-fuscous shade, which fades rapidly into the
lighter ground color ; at basal third, in cell a black discal dot followed
at end of cell by a yellowish- white discal spot ; cilia brownish fuscous,
more whitish at tornus. Hind wing shining light yellowish fuscous;
cilia somewhat lighter with pale fuscous subbasal and subterminal
bands. Legs pale yellowish brown, irrorated and suffused with black-
ish fuscous except at joints. Abdomen yellowish.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, pointed, clothed with long hairs;
clasper moderately sclerotized, slender, reaching almost to costa.
Anellus a rectangular plate longer than broad, with the posterior
edge truncated ; lateral lobes weak with only a few hairs. Vinculum
rounded with a well developed dorsoanterior process. Aedeagus ro-
bust, curved, pointed. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with
elongated lateral lobes. Gnathos an elongated cone armed with fine
spines. Socii moderate, clothed with many long hairs.

102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, round, near anterior margin of
genital plate ; anterior edge of genital plate produced, the production
nearly as wide as the plate is long. Ductus bursae membranous,
long ; ductus seminalis entering well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix
relatively small; signum a weakly sclerotized, oval, toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 20-23 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Cincinnati, Ohio.

Food plants. — Xanthoxylum amsricanum Mill, and Oarya (sp. ?).

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada and probably
as far west as Texas in the South, following the distribution of the
food plant.

United States records

Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 S S , 4 $ 5 (June and July dates, A. F. Braun).

Canadian records
Ontario: St. Davids, 2 5 2 (VII-16-34, W. L. Putnam).

Remarks. — Busck^^ recorded this species from Ptelea trifoliata.,
but the food plants of nigrinotella are Xanthoxylum annericanum
and Carya (sp. ?). The species referred to by Mr. Busck is an
undescribed species, the description of which follows.

AGONOPTERIX COSTIMACULA, new species

Plate 30, Figures 174, 174a; Plate 45, Figure 261

Agonopteryx nigrinotella Barnes and Busck (not Busck), Contr. Lepid. North
America, vol. 4, p. 232, 1920.

Superficially much like nigrinotella but lighter, less immaculate,
and averaging larger with correspondingly wider wings.

Head light ochreous-f uscous ; face whitish ochreous; labial palpus
light ochreous-fuscous, lighter interiorly on second segment and
irrorated with blackish fuscous exteriorly; terminal segment with
blackish- fuscous subbasal and supramedial annuli and apex ; antenna
ochreous-fuscous, darker toward apex, narrowly annulated with
blackish fuscous. Thorax light ochreous-fuscous mixed with fuscous
anteriorly; ground color of fore wing ochreous-fuscous, the base and
costa to about middle slightly lighter; light basal area followed by
a blackish- fuscous shading; at basal third two obliquely placed black
discal spots, the upper, inner one large, the outer, lower one small;
at end of cell a light whitish-ochreous discal spot narrowly edged
with fuscous; on costa, six or eight conspicuous fuscous spots and a
series of smaller ones at ends of veins around termen; the whole

Busck, Contr. Lepid. Nortli America, vol. 4, p. 232, 1920.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 103

wing is irrorated with black scales ; cilia ochreous-f uscous with many
lighter tipped scales. Hind wing light smoky fuscous, lighter
basally, underside heavily shaded with black toward apex ; cilia light
fuscous with narrow, dark, subbasal band. Legs, except tarsi, yel-
lowish ochreous shaded with blackish fuscous; tarsi blackish fuscous
annulated with yellowish ochreous. Abdomen fuscous and whitish
ochreous above and whitish ochreous below with broad, black, lateral
lines.

Male genitalia. — Harpe long, moderately wide; cucullus pointed;
clasper long, stout, straight, reaching costa ; sacculus narrowly folded.
Anellus oval, truncated on posterior edge; lateral lobes weak with
few hairs. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus long, curved, bluntly
pointed; vesica with large spinulate patch in basal half. Transtilla
a narrow sclerotized band with large, hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos
an oval spined knob. Socii large hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate long; anterior edge folded nar-
rowly. Ostium near anterior margin of plate. Ductus bursae long,
membranous; inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix large with small signum.

Alar expanse, 21-25 mm.

Type.—\]. S. N. M. No. 52080.

Type locality. — Plummers Island, Md.

Food plant. — Ptelea trifoliata L.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type and 51 $ and ? paratypes
as follows : 13 $ $ and 5 $ 9 , Plummers Island, Md. (March and
April dates, H. S. Barber and August Busck) ; Decatur, 111., $ and
2 9 5 (June 8-15, no collector) ; Cincinnati, $ and 2 5 5 (X-8-04,
X-8-07, VI-25-08, A. F. Braun) ; Clermont County, Ohio, 2 9 5
(VI-14-14, A. F. Braun) ; Point Pelee, Ontario, 13 5 5,8 55
(VII-15 to VIII-11-27, F. P. Ide; VII-30-31, G. S. Walley; VII-
27-31, W. J. Brown) ; Pelee Island, Ontario, 2 5 5 (VII-30-31, G. S.
Walley).

Paratypes in U. S. National Museum, Canadian National collection,
and collection of Dr. A. F. Braun, Cincinnati, Ohio.

This species has been mixed in collections, being placed vnider
eupatoHiella {=^ plummerella) ., argillacea., and nigrinotella. Ob-
scurely marked specimens of any of these species might easily be
confused. The long clasper which reaches the costa of harpe im-
mediately distinguishes the present species from the others.

I am indebted to Dr. J. McDunnough for a long, reared series from
Point Pelee, Ontario, which has greatly supplemented the material
here.

104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

AGONOPTERIX CANADENSIS (Busck)

Plate 45, Figure 262

Depressaria canadensis Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 744, 1902 ;

in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5878, 1903.— Keaefott, in Smith,

List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6421, 1903.— Meyrick, in

Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,

Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 311, 1939.
Agonopteryx canadensis Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35. p, 199, 1908. —

Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.
Agonopterix canadensis (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),

No. 8424, 1939.
Agnopteryx canadensis (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6467, 1917.

Labial palpus pale ochreous- white ; second segment evenly
springled with blackish fuscous exteriorly ; third segment with broad
subbasal and subapical annuli and tip black. Antenna fuscous with
indistinct black annulations. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale yel-
lowish gray; face creamy white; thorax with a few light-reddish
scales mixed ; pale base of fore wing diffused along costa, containing
a small black spot in fold and bounded below with a rapidly fading
blackish-fuscous shade ; remainder of fore wing irrorated with black-
ish-fuscous and black ; along costa and around termen to near middle
of inner margin a pronounced series of well-defined black spots; on
costa, in apical third of wing, and on basal half of inner margin a
rosy tint; at basal third a pair of rather large black discal spots,
obliquely one above the other and followed by a blackish-fuscous
shade above the middle of the wing ; at the end of cell a black discal
spot ; cilia yellowish gray, slightly darker than ground color of fore
wing. Hind wing light fuscous; cilia sordid whitish with yellowish
tint. Legs ochreous-white mottled and suffused with blackish fus-
cous except at joints.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, weakly sclerotized, pro-
duced anteriorly. Ostium occupying nearly all central portion of
genital plate ; inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Duc-
tus bursae membranous, very long, slender, gently tapering to form
the small bursa copulatrix. Signum of bursa a small, narrow, 4-
pointed plate, with anterior point longer than posterior.

Alar expanse, 17 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — ^^Yinnipeg, Manitoba (A. W. Hanham).

Remarks. — The female type is the only specimen of this species
I have seen. It is very distinct and should not be confused with
any other described North American species.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 105

Specimens from British Columbia and Ontario have been sent to
me under this name, but all these are referable to other species
{klamathiana or sciadopa) to which there is, in some cases, a super-
ficial resemblance. The genitalia of canculensis show no close re-
semblance to those of the other species, and canadensis is further dis-
tinguishable from them by lacking discal spots that thei others possess.

AGONOPTERIX FLAVICOMELLA (Engel)

Plate 30, Figures 173, 173a ; Plate 45, Figuee 267

Depressaria flaricomella Engel, Ent. News, vol. 18, p. 276, 1907. — Metriok, in

Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,

Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 324, 1939.
Agonopteryx flavicomella (Engel) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 199,

1908.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.
Agonopterix flavicomella (Engel) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.

8420, 1939.
Agnoptcryx flavicomella (Engel) Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey,

p. 561, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Boreal America, No. 6463, 1917. — Brimi.et, The insects of North Carolina,

p. 304, 1938.

Labial palpus and head pale whitish ochreous; second segment of
palpus strongly irrorated and suffused with blackish fuscous exteriorly
and in brush ; third segment immaculate ; sides of head slightly darker.
Antenna grayish fuscous narrowly annulated with fuscous. Thorax
and basal part of fore wing (except costa) light ochreous; thorax
suffused and lightly irrorated with reddish brown and with a black-
ish-fuscous spot on each side beneath inner edges of tegulae. Ground
color of fore wing light ochreous heavily overlaid with reddish brown
and fuscous and irrorated with black; beyond the light basal patch
a dark blackish-fuscous shade, which rapidly fades to reddish, then
to ochreous at apical part of wing; basal part of costa suffused with
fuscous; costa and termen marked with a series of black spots, those
around termen more conspicuous than those on costa; at basal third
a conspicuous black discal spot followed by a similar but larger one
at middle and another larger more diffused one at end of cell; be-
tween the first and second discal spots and the inner margin (on vein
Ic) a somewhat diffused black spot; cilia fuscous, darker basally.
Hind wing grayish fuscous with a series of blackish- fuscous dashes
around apex and outer margin ; cilia yellowish fuscous with an indis-
tinct dark subbasal band. Legs light whitish ochreous strongly over-
laid or suffused with shining sooty black except at joints and on pos-
terior tibiae. Abdomen pale whitish ochreous irrorated with fuscous
above; ventrally with a broad blackish-fuscous longitudinal line on

106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

each side and two indistinct median longitudinal rows of similarly
colored spots.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather broad basally, tapering gently to the
bluntly pointed cucullus, profusely clothed with coarse hairs; costa
narrowly sclerotized ; sacculus moderately sclerotized ; clasper slender,
gently excurved, bluntly pointed, with small basal protuberance,
reaching well beyond center of harpe ; distal end serrate ; clasper and
inner edge of sacculus heavily sclerotized. Anellus broader than
long, convex laterally and slightly concave on posterior edge ; lateral
lobes large, sparsely hairy. Aedeagus stout, gently curved, pointed;
vesica armed with a large elongate patch of strong but moderately
small cornuti. Vinculum rounded with small dorsoanterior process.
Transtilla a narrow lightly sclerotized band with large, hairy, lateral
lobes. Gnathos rather long, slender. Tegumen pointed. Socii
large, hairy, fleshy flaps.

Female genitalia, — Genital plate moderately narrow; weakly
sclerotized around ostium with a broad convex anterior margin.
Ostium round, slightly nearer to anterior than posterior edge ; margin
narrowly sclerotized except posteriorly. Ductus bursae long, mem-
branous with entire inner surface studded with numerous minute
stout teeth anterior to inception of ductus seminalis ; ductus seminalis
well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix rather small, inner surface also
with numerous small teeth, but fewer than in ductus bursae ; signum
a moderately large irregularly shaped toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 15-17 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — New Brighton, Pa.

Food plant. — Heraclemn sp.

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada west to British
Columbia.

United States records

Illinois: Chicago, $ (no date or collector) ; Monee, 2 $ S (VI-21-12, A. Kwiat).
New Jersey: Essex County Park, 5 S $ (VII-2-^6, W. D. Kearfott).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 22 5 5 , 9 (June and July dates, H. D. Merrick) ;
Oak Station, Allegheny Coimty, 16 S o , 4 5 $ (June dates, Fred Marloff).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Rolla (5-VIII-1927, P. N. Vroom).

Manitoba: Riding Mountain Park, 2 $ S,S 9 9 (25-VI-33, J. McDunnough).

Ontario: Trenton (VII-22-12, Evans).

Saskatchewan: Indian Head (VII-22-25, J. J. de Gryse).

Remarks. — The abdomen of the type is missing. The genitalia are
figured from a "cotype" male and a typical female.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 107

AGONOPTEUIX SENICIONELLA (Busck)
Plate 30, Figukes 172, 172a ; Plate 45, Figures 263

Depressaria senicionella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 742, 1902; in

Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5875, 1903.— Ke^vrfott, in Smith, List of

the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6418, 1903.— Engel, Ent. News,

vol. 18, p. 276, 1907.
Depressaria seniciella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 743, 1902.
Depressaria senecionella Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p.

174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 350, 1939.
Affonopfcnjx senecionella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. jNIus., vol. 35, p. 199, 1908.—

Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 240, 1923.
Af/onoptrrix soiicioiiella (Busck) McDunnougii, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),

No. 8423, 1939.
Agnoptenjx senicionella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6464, 1917.

Labial palpus light ochreous ; second segment irrorated with black-
ish fuscous exteriorly ; third segment with subbasal and subterminal
annuii and apex black. Antenna fuscous with grayish-ochreous an-
nulations. Head and thorax light ochreous; face yellowish white;
thorax with brownish-ochreous suffusion and irrorations. Fore wing
dark ochreous-gray, strongly overlaid and suffused with brownish
ochreous; light basal patch suffused on costa with fuscous, contain-
ing a blackish-fuscous spot in fold and bordered outwardly by a
rapidly fading fuscous shade ; at basal third, in cell, two black discal
dots, obliquely one above the other ; the lower one of these two is often
lacking ; at the end of cell an inconspicous black discal dot preceded
by an indistinct fuscous shade; termen and costa indistinctly marked
with poorly defined fuscous spots ; cilia ochreous-gray with two nar-
row ochreous-white lines, one at middle and one around outer edge.
Hind wing grayish fuscous, darker apically; cilia light yellowish
fuscous with grayish-fuscous subbasal and subterminal bands. Legs
light ochreous overlaid with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen gray-
ish ochreous above; beneath light ochreous with a broad blackish-
fuscous line on each side ; between these two lines a pair of indistinct
longitudinal rows of blackish-fuscous spots.

Male genHaUa. — Harpe rather broad, well sclerotized along costa;
clothed with fine hairs; cucullus rounded; clasper nearly straight,
modei'ately sclerotized and reaching slightly beyond middle of harpe.
Anellus oval, longer than broad, lateral lobes well developed, clothed
with few fine hairs. Vinculum narrow, rounded, with well-developed
dorsoanterior process. Aedeagus stout, slightly curved, bluntly
pointed ; ventral arm by which it is attached to anellus short, broad,
and situated near base of aedeagus. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized

108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 90

band with large, hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval spined knob.
Socii very large flaps clothed with many fine hairs. Tegumen pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, strongly sclerotized and
produced anteriorly. Ostium round. Ductus bursae membranous,
gradually becoming larger to form the large oval bursa copulatrix.
Signum a large four-pointed plate, the anterior and posterior points
of about equal length but smaller than the lateral points.

Alar expanse, 18-22 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Cabin John, Md.

Food plant. — Senecio aureus L.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

District of Columbia: Washington, 8 5 (J, 9 (May 28 to June 16, 1900, August

Busck).
Maryland: Cabin John, 2 S S (IV-28 and 30-1900, August Busck) ; Plummers

Island, 3 5 5 , 11 $ $ (May and June dates, A. Busck and Chas. R. Ely).
Virginia: Great Falls, 9 (May 28, 1900, no collector),

AGONOPTERIX ANTENNARIELLA, new species

Plate 30, Figuees 175, 175a ; Plate 45, Fig-dbe 264
A medium-sized red-brown species unlike any other described from
North America.

Head dark reddish fuscous above mixed with carmine and whitish-
ochreous-tipped scales ; face shining whitish ochreous ; second segment
of palp)us whitish ochreous tinged with carmine inwardly and irrorated
with fuscous exteriorly; brush trumpet-shaped; terminal segment
whitish ochreous with broad blackish-fuscous basal and subterminal
annuli. Antenna fuscous, aimulated with whitish ochreous.

Thorax, base of fore wing, and costa to well beyond middle cine-
reous; anterior portion of thorax and extreme base of costa suffused
with rich brown ; ground color of fore wing red-brown, scales lightly
tipped with carmine ; at basal third two small obliquely placed black
discal spots followed by a few cinereous scales ; at end of cell a third
white discal spot edged with black; apical third of wing heavily
shaded with cinereous; cilia reddish fuscous, tipped with carmine; a
row of fuscous spots around tennen at base of cilia. Hind wing light
fuscous above ; with much white scaling beneath in apical third and a
black line at base of cilia ; cilia light fuscous with distinct rosy hue,
and darker subbasal band. Legs fuscous overlaid with whitish
ochreous and strongly suffused with carmine ; hind tibiae whitish, suf-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 109

fused with carmine; tarsi annulated with whitish ochreous. Abdo-
men grayish fuscous above, whitish ochreous below; ventrolateral
lines poorly defined, black; anal tuft yellowish ochreous, suffused
with carmine.

Mode genitalia. — Harpe moderately sclerotized and covered with
hairs over entire inner surface; costa and sacculus parallel beyond
middle then converging to form a narrowly rounded cucullus. Clasper
heavily sclerotized, smooth, short, terminating in a blunt point. Anel-
lus longer than broad, truncated on posterior edge; lateral lobes weak.
Vinculum with a very short, small dorsoanterior process. Transtilla a
very narrow, moderately sclerotized band with small lateral lobes.
Aedeagus stout, rather short and evenly tapered, terminating in a
sharp point. Armature consisting of many fine spinules. Gnathos a
heavily spined cone.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately sclerotized, broad,
slightly produced anteriorly. Ostium near posterior margin of plate.
Ductus bursae slender, gradually becoming larger till it merges with
the bulbous bursa copulatrix. Signum a 4-pointed, moderately sclero-
tized small plate with strong teeth; lateral, anterior, and posterior
points about equal in length.

Alar expanse, 17-24 mm.

Type.— U. S. N. M. No. 52081.

Type locality. — Kamiack Butte, Whitman County, Wash.

Food plant. — Antennaria luzuloldes T. and G.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, 7 $ and 4 $ paratypes, as
follows: Kamiack Butte, 3 5 3,25$ (V-18 to 22-34) ; 4 5 5 , 1 9
same (VI-15 to 19-35) ; $ , Pullman, Wash. (1-28-31 [indoor
record] ) ; $ , Godman Springs, Blue Mountains, Wash., 6,000 feet
(VIII-1-35) ; all reared from larvae collected by the author.

Paratypes in collections of United States National Museum, Cana-
dian National Museum, and H. H. Keifer, Sacramento, Calif.

Dr. J. McDunnough, of Ottawa, has sent me three specimens of
this species from British Columbia. The larvae, from which these
moths were reared, were collected by A. N. Gartrell at Shingle
Creek Road, Keremeos. The adults emerged from 30-VI to
&-VII-35.

Mr. Gartrell has labeled his specimens as reared from wild red
currant. The food plant record is rather surprising since most of
the species of this group are host specific, and it will be noted that the
type series was reared from Antennaria. I have carefully compared
the genitalia of specimens of the two lots and find them identical.

110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

AGONOPTERIX NEBULOSA (Zeller)

Plate 32, Figuees 185, 185a ; Plate 45, Figueb 266

Dcpressaria nehulosa Zeller, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 237, 1873.— i
Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 138, 1878.— Walsing-
HAM, Proc. Zool Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.— Riley, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5269, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 24, p. 741, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5870,
1903. — Kearfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
6413, 1903. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 177,
1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 334, 1939.

AgonopteryoR nebulosa (Zeller) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.. vol. 35, p. 198,
1908.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68 p. 239, 1923.

Agonopterix nclulosa (Zeller) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8452, 1939.

Agnopteryx nehulosa (Zeller) Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey,
p. 516, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6438, 1917.

Labial palpus shining creamy white ; second segment sprinkled with
black scales outwardly and with brush suffused with white-tipped
fuscous scales; brush abruptly expanded, trumpet-shaped; third seg-
ment with broad subbasal and subapical annuli black; the black scales
of these annuli white tipped. Antenna fuscous annulated with gray.
Head, thorax, and fore wing lavender-gray, the scales white tipped;
face creamy white, tegula with a bluish iridescence; along costa and
around termen a series of poorly defined light fuscous spots ; at basal
third two black cliscal dots, the upper, inner one small, the outer,
lower one dashlike and both bordered outwardly with white scales;
at the end of cell a white black-edged discal spot preceded by a similar
one; sometimes these two are confluent, forming a white and black
longitudinal dash; cilia grayish fuscous with narrow median and
terminal white lines. Hind wing and cilia light yellowish fuscous, the
wing darker apically ; cilia with several, somewhat darker bands. Legs
ochreous-white, overlaid and irrorated with grayish fuscous above,
ochreous-white beneath; the usual longitudinal lines or rows of dark
spots lacking or only faintly indicated by a few blackish-fuscous scales.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately broad, entirely clothed with fine
hairs; cucullus narrowly rounded; clasper stout, curved, slightly
hooked, reaching two-thirds of distance to costa. Anellus broadly
oval with poorly developed lateral lobes. Vinculum rounded. Aedea-
gus short, stout, straight, with a blunt point; vesica armed with
numerous spinulate cornuti. Transtilla a very narrow sclerotized
band with moderately large, hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval,
spined knob. Socii hairy flaps.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 111

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, emarginate behind ; ante-
rior margin in the form of a narrow, sclerotized, curved bar; ostium
occupying nearly whole ventral portion of genital plate and without
sclerotized area posterior to it. Ductus bursae membranous, abruptly
constricted before ostium. Bursa copulatrix oval ; signum an elongate
plate with posterior pointed process.

Alar expanse, 19-20 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Cambridge, Mass.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distrihution. — Northeastern United States.

United States records

Maine: Monmouth, S ( "November 30, '05" ) .

Massachusetts: Amherst, 2 S S (January 21, 1906).

New Hampshire: 2 $S without further data; Hampton, $, 2 (III-26-05,

III-22-05, S. A. Shaw).
New York: New Windsor, $ (June 24, 1903, E. L. Morton).

Remarks. — Differs from all other gray American species by the
accentuated trumpet-shaped palpus.

AGONOPTERIX SABULELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 32, Figotes 181, 181a ; Plate 46, Figure 270

Depressarla sabulella Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 313, pi. 36,
fig. 1. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5279,
1891.— BusCK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 743, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat.
Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5876, 1903. — Keaetott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6419, 1903 ; Can. Ent. vol. 37, p. 296, 1905.— Meyeick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepi-
dopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 348, 1939.

Agonopteryx sabulella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p.
199, 1908.

Agonopterix sabulella (Walsingham) McDunxough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.
8412, 1939.

Agnoptenjx sabulella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnougii, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6465, 1917.

Agonopteryx callosella Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4,
p. 231, pi. 38, fig. 4, 1920. (New synonymy).

Agonopterix callosella (Barnes and Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera) No. 8421, 1939.

Depressarla callosella (Barnes and Busck) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt.
92, p. 311, 1939.

Labial palpus pale ochreous; second segment with slight fuscous
shading and blackish-fuscous irrorations exteriorly; third segment

112 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

with subapical aniiulus and apex blackish fuscous. Antenna blackish
fuscous. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale ochreous; face ochreous-
white; base of costa and spot in anal angle blackish fuscous; forewing
sparsely irrorated with fuscous and shaded with reddish scales; at
basal third two fuscous discal spots obliquely one above the other;
at end of cell a fuscous spot preceded above by a less conspicuous one
of the same color; between the outer and inner pairs of spots a poorly
defined fuscous cloud in costal half of wing; apical half of costa and
termen and the cilia with a reddish suffusion, cilia light ochreous.
Hind wing grayish ochreous, cilia paler, with alternating light fus-
cous and whitish bands. Legs ochreous-white strongly suffused and
overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints; posterior tibia and
tarsus hardly more than irrorated with fuscous. Abdomen grayish
fuscous above, pale ochreous beneath ; on each side ventrally, a black
longitudinal line.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow, long, pointed, clothed with very
fine hairs; clasper stout, slightly curved toward cucuUus, and termi-
nating in a knob, Anellus a roughly oval plate, longer than broad,
truncated posteriorly, and with well developed, hairy, lateral lobes.
Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus stout with a long slender upturned
point and a large, spinulate patch in basal half. Transtilla a nar-
row, lightly sclerotized band with well-developed, hairy, lateral lobes.
Gnathos a spiny cone. Socii broad flaps clothed with fine hairs.

Female genitalia. — Ovipositor naked except for a few strong long
hairs at base and a few weak hairs distally. Genital plate moderately
broad, slightly produced anteriorly. Ostium is posterior half of
plate. Ductus bursae membranous, slender, widening abruptly to
form the large oval bursa copulatrix. Signum a diamond-shaped
plate, with the anterior point shorter than the posterior.

Alar expanse, 19-23 mm.

Types. — In the British Museum {sahulella) ; in the United States
National Museum {callosella).

Type localities. — Mendocino County, Calif, {sabulella) ; San Ber-
nardino, Calif, {callosella).

Food plants. — Eriophyllum stachaedi folium Lag. and Eriophyllum
lantanum typicum Constance,

Distribution. — ^Western United States probably as far north as
southern British Columbia in the interior.

United States records

California: Land's End, San Francisco, $ (VII-23^09, F. X. Williams) ; San
Francisco, $ (VI-12-26, H. H. Keifer) ; Monachee Meadows, Tulare
County, 8,000 feet, $ ("July 8-14") ; Croville, S (IV-14-28, H. H. Keifer) ;
San Bernardino, 9 ("June 1-7") ; San Diego, $, 5 ("May 24-30").

Idaho: Kamiah, $ (VI-27-35, L. Constance).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 113

R&marks. — The above synonymy is based on a comparison of Wal-
singham's figure and description with the types of callosella.
Although there is no authentic material of Walsingham's species
here, there appears to be no doubt about the synonymy. Mr. Busck
concurs with me in this opinion.

H. H. Keifer, of Sacramento, Calif., was kind enough to send me
three specimens, which I associate with this species, two of which
were reared by him from ErioyhyUmn stachaedi folium. These speci-
mens are identical with the types of callosella^ which are before me.

I have another specimen before me from Kamiah, Idaho, reared
from Eriophyllwm lantanum typicwm^ which was collected by my
friend Dr. Lincoln Constance, of the Department of Botany, Uni-
versity of California. This specimen is close to the types of callosella
but differs in details. I am placing it here, however, until more
material can be obtained and its specific limits ascertained.

AGONOPTERIX COSTOSA (Haworth)

Plate 32, Figtxres 184, 184a ; Plate 46, Figure 273

Depressaria costosa Hawobth, Lepidoptera Britarmica, vol. 3. p. 508, 1811. —
Wood, Index entomologicus, p. 172, pi. 38, fig. 1182, 1845. — Stainton, Trans.
Ent. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 153, 1849 ; Insecta Britannica, p. 84, 1S54. — Zeu^er,
Linn. Ent., vol. 9, p. 198, 1854. — Stainton, A manual of British butterflies and
moths, vol. 2 p. 320, 1859. — Fbey, Die Tineen und Pterophoren der Schweiz, p.
82, 1856. — Heinemann, Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlauds und der Schweiz,
vol. 2, p. 143, 1870.— Meykick, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 13, p. 281, 1870.—
Fkey, Die Lepidopterea der Schweiz,. p. 351, 1880. — Rossleb, Jahrb. nassau.
Vereins Naturk., vol. 33, p. 282, 1881. — Snellen, Die Vlinders van Nederland,
vol. 2, p. 577, 1882. — Steudetl and Hofmann, Wiirttemberg. Vereins vaterl.
Naturk., vol. 38, p. 196, 1882. — Joubdheuiixe, Mem. Soc. Acad. I'Aube, vol. 47,
p. 176, 1883. — Sorhagen, Die Kleinschmetterlinge der Mark Brandenburg, p.
175, 1SS6.— Meyrick, A handbook of British Lepidoptera, p. 620, 1895.—
Reutti, Verb. Naturw. Vereins Karlsruhe, vol. 12, p. 228, 1898. — Stangk, Die
Tineinen der umgegend von Friedland in Mecklenberg, p. 20, 1899. — Stau-
dinger and Re:bel, Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunenge-
bietes, vol. 2, No. 3177, 1901.— Car.\dja, Bull. Soc. Sei. Bucarest, vol. 10, p. 149,
1901.— Malloch, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 37, p. 186, 1901.— Disque, Deutsche
Ent. 'Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 14, p. 205, 1901. — Longstaff, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol
38, p. 28, 1902.— ScHtJTZE, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 15, p. 12, 1902.—
Crombbugghe, Mem. Soc. Ent. Belgique. vol. 14, p. 43, 1906. — Gibbs, Eutomolo
gist, vol. 39, p. 7, 1906 [as D. costana, nom. nud.]. — MUlleb-Rutz, Bull. Soc,
Ent. Suisse, vol. 11, p. 346, 1909.— Spulee, Schmetterlinge Europas, vol. 2, p,
333, pi. 89, fig. 13, 1910.— GiANEixi, Ann. Accad. Agr. Torino, vol. 53, p. 94,
1910. — SCHIULE, Krakow. Akad. Umiejetnosci Sprawozdania Komisyi fizyo
graficznej, vol. 45, p. 29, 1911.— Sk.u.a, Int. Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 5, 303, 1912
Verb, naturf. Vereins Bi-unn, vol. 51, p. 312, 1913. — Vorbbodt and Muller-
Rutz, Schmetterlinge der Schweiz, vol. 2, p. 456, 1914. — Buxton, Ent. Rec,
vol. 27, p. 183, 1915.— Galvagni, Wien. Ent. Vereins Jahresb., vol. 25, p. 32,
1915.— Martini, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris. vol. 30, p. 153, 1917.— Resjel,
286614—41 6

114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 126, p. 808, 1917.— Galvagni, Wien. Ent.
Vereins Jahresb., vol. 28, p. 63, 1918. — Strand, Archiv fiir Natnrg. vol. 85A,
pt. 4, p. 9, 1919. — Meyrick, Entomologist, vol. 55, p. 254, 1922; in Wytsman,
Genera inseetorum, fasc. 180, p. 173, 1922. — Zimmerman, Verb, zool.-bot.
Ges. Wien. vol. 71, p. (43), 1922. — Preissecker, Wien. Ent. Vereins Jahresb.,
vol. 30, p. 187, 1924.— Blair, Entomologist, vol. 58, p. 10, 1925.— Stephan,
Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 39, p. 123, 1925.— Larsen, Ent. Meddel., vol.
17, p. 73, 1927.— Zeirny, Eos, vol. 3, p. 480, 1927.— Wickham, Entomologist,
vol. 60, p. 43, 1927. — Meyrick, A handbook of British Lepidoptera, p. 683,
1928. — Hayward, Entomologist, vol. 62, p. 50, 1929. — Lhomme, L'amateur de
papillons, vol. 4, p. 209, 1929. — Uffeln, Westfalischer provinzial-Verein fiir
Wissenschaft und Kunst, Miinster, Abhandl., vol. 1, p. 76, 1930. — Amsel,
Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 44, p. 121, 1930. — Ve3ibrodt, Deutsche Ent.
Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 45, p. 126, 1931.— Chater, Bull. Ent. Res., vol. 22, p. 231,
1931. — Rebel and Zerny, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Kl., vol.
103, p. 150, 1931. — Hering, in Brohmer, Ehrmann, and Ulmer, Die Tierwelt
Mitteleuropas, vol. 1, p. 142, 1932. — Eckstein, Die Kleinschmetterlinge
Deutschlands, p. 118, pi. 5, fig. 213, 1933. — Sterneck, Prodromus der Schmet-
terlingsfauna Bohmens, vol. 2, p. 105, 1933.— Rapp. Beitrage zur fauna
Thiiriugens, vol. 2, p. 131, 1936; Beitrage Schmetterlingsfauna Harz, p. 28,
1936. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus pt. 92, p. 318, 1939.

Agonopterix costosa (Ha worth) Pierce and Metcalfe, The genitalia of the
tineid families of the Lepidoptera of the British Islands, p. 35, pi. 19, 1935.—
McDuNNouGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United
States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8410, 1939.

Agonopteryx blacktnori Busck, Can. Ent. vol. 53, p. 277, 1921.

Depressaria Nackmori (Busck) Meyrick, Entomologist, vol. 55, p. 254, 1922. (As
synonym of D. costosa (Haworth).)

Depressaria dryadoxena Meyrick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 315, 1920;
Entomologist vol. 55, p. 254, 1922 ; in Wytsman, Genera inseetorum, fasc. 180,
p. 173, 1922. (As synonym of D. costosa (Haworth).)

Agonopterix dryadoxena (Meyrick) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8410, 1939. (As synonym of D. costosa (Haworth).)

Agonopterix hlackmori (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8410, 1939. (As synonym of D. costosa (Haworth).)

Tinea depunctella Hxjbner, Sammlung Europaisher Schmetterlinge, vol. 5, pi.
56, fig. 378, 1816.

Pinaris depunctella (Hiibner) Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge,
p. 411, 1825.

Depressaria depunctella (Hiibner) Koli.ar, Linz. Oberosterreicher musealverein
Jahresb., vol. 2, p. 92, 1832.— Zeller, Isis von Oken, 1839, p. 195.— Duponchel,
Historie naturelle de lepidopteres . . . de France, vol. 8, p. 148, pi. 291, fig. 2,
1838. — Hekrich-Schaffer, Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 5, p. 123, 1853.

Haemylis depunctella (Hiibner) Teeitschke, in Ochsenheimer, Die Schmetter-
linge von Europa, vol. 9, p. 260, 1832 ; vol. 10, p. 185, 1835.

Haemylis costosa (Haworth) Stephens, Illustrations of British entomology,
Haustellata, vol. 4, p. 203, 1835.

Labial palpus, head and face creamy white; second segment irro-
rated with blackish fuscous exteriorly; third segment with subapical

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 115

aniiulus and apex black; head frequently suffused above with fuscous;
spot above base of antenna brown; tuft below eye pink. Antenna
brown, darker basally than apically. Thorax and ground color of
fore wing whitish ochreous; posterior tuft on thorax yellowish ochre-
ous; light base of fore wing diffused along costa to apex, sparsely irro-
rated with black scales; beyond light base a dark ochreous shade,
which covers posterior two-thirds of wing but becomes lighter toward
termen. The whole surface of wing more or less irrorated with black
scales ; on costa, slightly beyond middle a sooty cloud ; at basal third,
two black spots obliquely one above the other sometimes edged by a
few dark reddish-ochreous scales ; between the outer of these two spots
and inner margin a small dark reddish-ochreous spot; at the end of
cell a cream-colored discal spot edged with dark reddish ochreous and
preceded by a dark reddish-ochreous spot. Sometimes the latter
spot and the reddish-ochreous scales of the outer discal spot are con-
fluent, forming a dash ; cilia whitish ochreous strongly suffused with
reddish fuscous, especially toward apex. Hind wing light yellowish
fuscous; cilia yellowish, banded with light fuscous. Legs whitish
ochreous overlaid with fuscous and tinged with carmine. Abdomen
light ochrex)Us above, whitish ochreous beneath; a row of black spots
on each side ventrolaterally.

Male genitalia. — Harpe long, slender, tapering into a long, pointed
cucullus ; moderately covered with hairs ; clasper very stout, somewhat
dilated distally, nearly reaching costa ; sacculus short, strongly sclero-
tized. Anellus broader basally than apically, broader than long; pos-
terior edge convex; hairy, lateral lobes well developed. Aedeagus
stout, slightly narrower in middle, nearly straight, pointed; vesica
armed with a large patch of spinulate cornuti. Vinculum rounded.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with large hairy lateral lobes.
Gnathos a spined oval knob. Socii hairy, fleshy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad, sclerotized ; an-
terior edge slightly produced. Ostium round; situated about middle
and occupying less than half the length of the genital plate. Ductus
bursae membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium.
Signum distinctly 4-pointed, with slender anterior and posterior points ;
teeth small and scattered.

Alar expanse, 18-22 mm.

Type.—\\\ the British Museum.

Type locality. — "Europe."

Food plants. — Genista, Qu-ercus (f), Lahiuvmm, and Cytisus scopa-
rius (L.) Link.

Distrihution.—'ExtvQmQ northwestern United States, southwestern
and eastern Canada and Europe.

116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

United States records

Washington: Bellingham, 3 $ S, 9 (IX-1-29, VIII-4-31, IX-7-35, VIII-2a-33,
J. F. G. Clarke) ; Tacoma, 9 (VII-15-2S, T. M. Clarke).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Victoria, 19 5 (J, 9 9 5 (July to October dates, E. H. Black-
more, W. Downes, W. R. Carter collectors) ;2 $ S, 9 (9-15-VII-1923, K. F.
Auden).

Ontario: London, $, $ ( 19-26-IV-1933 [Good's Greenhouse]).

Note. — ^Well established in the Puget Sound region and no doubt
wider spread than the above records indicate. May not have escaped
at London, Ontario.

Remarks. — There appears to be no doubt of the synonymy as given
above. Ahhough I have not seen drijadoxena^ Meyrick's description
tallies with costosa and the locality for the former species agrees with
that of hlackmori. The food plant of dryadoxena {Quercus) is ques-
tionable, since the species of this genus rarely feed on such widely
separated species of plants and are more frequently host specific as
has already been pointed out.

The genitalia of the males and females are identical except for
slight variation in the male harpes, a condition frequently encountered.
Pierce ^^ figures the genitalia of costosa showing the ostium opening
near the anterior margin of the genital plate. In the specimens I have
seen (4), both European and North American, the ostium opens
slightly nearer to the posterior than to the anterior edge (see fig. 273).
Furthermore, the signum as figured by Pierce lacks the anterior and
posterior points, present in all specimens I have examined. The sig-
num, it must be admitted, may be somewhat variable, but in this
species it appears to be unusually constant.

AGONOPTERIX PERGANDEELLA (Busck)

Plate 32, Figures 183, 183a

Depressaria pergandeeUa Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. "Washington, vol. 9. p. 89, 1908. —

Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922. — Gaede,

in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 339, 1939.
Agonopteryx pergandeeUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 35, p. 199, 1908.
Agnopteryx pergandiella Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-

doptera of Boreal America, No. 6462, 1917.
Agonopterix pergandiella McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada

and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8417, 1939.

Labial palpus ochreous- white ; second segment sparsely irrorated
with fuscous exteriorly, brush suffused with brown [third segment of
both palpi missing]. Antenna with basal segment fuscous above,
whitish beneath [remainder of both antennae missing]. Head

22 Pierce, F. N., The genitalia of the Tineina, pi. 19, 1935.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 117

ochreous with a median fuscous band; face shining creamy-white.
Thorax and fore wing light brown; thorax strongly suffused with
brownish fuscous ; surface of fore wing irrorated with poorly defined
blackish-fuscous spots and with a series of similarly colored spots
around termen ; at basal third, in cell, two black discal spots obliquely
one above the other ; another similar spot at the end of cell preceded
by a poorly defined blackish-fuscous cloud; extreme base of costa
fuscous; a well-defined black spot in inner angle; cilia light brown
suffused with fuscous. Hind wing shining light yellowish fuscous;
cilia more whitish. Legs whitish ochreous overlaid and mottled with
fuscous except at joints. Abdomen dark yellowish fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with long hairs [cucuUus
broken from each harpe] ; sacculus only moderately sclerotized ;
clasper nearly straight, slightly dilated distally, reaching fully two-
thirds of the distance toward the costa. Anellus broadly oval,
posterior edge strongly convex, smooth ; with very small lateral lobes.
Vinculum roimded. Aedeagus nearly straight, stout, and deeply
notched distally. Transtilla a broad, sclerotized band with large
lateral lobes. Gnathos a finely spined cone. Socii small, weak,
sparsely clothed with hairs. Tegumen produced into a moderately
large broad flap.

Alar expanse, 21 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — "Nebraska."

ReTiiarks. — The only specimen I have seen is the type male. This
is very distinct from any other North American species.

AGONOPTERIX AMISSELLA (Busck)

Plate 33, Figubes 187, lS7a ; Plate 46, Figure 269

Depressaria amissella Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington., vol. 9, p. 89, 1908. —

Meykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 174, 1922.— Gaede,

m Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 300, 1939.
Agonoptcryx amissella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 190, 1908.
Agonopterix amissella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8425, 1939.
Agnopteryx amissella (Busck) Babnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6460, 1917.

Labial palpus ochreous- white ; second segment with the brush suf-
fused with fuscous and sparsely irrorated with fuscous exteriorly;
third segment with subbasal and subterminal annuli black. Antenna
fuscous with light ochreous- fuscous annulations; basal segment
ochreous- white beneath. Head, thorax, and fore wing light ochreous-
brown; face shining ochreous- white ; thorax suffused with fuscous;
surface of fore wine: irrorated with black and blackish-fuscous scales

118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

and with a series of blackish-fuscous spots along costa and around
termen; extreme base of costa fuscous; light basal patch bordered out-
wardly by a transverse fuscous dash, which contains some jet-black
scales and does not reach costa; at basal third, in cell, two conspicuous
jet-black spots of raised scales, obliquely one above the other and fol-
lowed outwardly by a poorly defined fuscous shade ; discal spot at end
of cell inconspicuous or absent, but when present indicated by a few
whitish scales; cilia light ochreous-brown the scales tipped with
ochreous-white. Hind wing light fuscous, darker apically than
basally; cilia light yellowish fuscous tipped with ochreous-white and
with a narrow, fuscous subbasal band. Legs ochreous-white strongly
suffused and overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints.
Abdomen ochreous-fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather narrow, pointed, only sparsely
clothed with hairs ; clasper very stout, straight, reaching three-fourths
of the distance to costa. Anellus roughly rectangular with trun-
cated posterior edge; lateral lobes small. Vinculum rounded.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with large lateral lobes.
Aedeagus stout, curved, with a heavily sclerotized band basally;
vesica armed with a large patch of weak, spinulate cornuti. Gnathos
an elongate, oval knob clothed with fine spines. Socii weakly sclero-
tized, small, with few hairs. Terminal portion of tegumen pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow ; anterior edge in the form
of a strongly sclerotized crescentic bar. Ostium broad, oval, with a
small, strongly sclerotized area posterior to it. Ductus bursae mem-
branous. Bursa copulatrix small; signum of bursa a small, oval,
spined plate.

Alar expanse, 17 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Kissimmee, Fla. (Wm. Beutenmiiller) .

Remai'hs. — The only specimens I have seen of this species are the
type male and a paratype female. The species is quite distinct from
any other North American species.

AGONOPTERIX LATIPALPELLA Barnes and Busck

Plate 33, Figuees 188, 188a ; Plate 46, Figxjbe 268

Agonopteryx latipalpella Baenes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol.

4, p. 233, 1920.
Agonopterix latipalpella (Barnes and Busck) McDunnoxjgh, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-

lepidoptera). No. 8432, 1939.
Depressaria latipalpella Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,

p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 330,

1939.

The entire insect presents a roughened appearance due to the raised
scales that cover almost the whole surface. Labial palpus ochreous-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 119

white; second segment irrorated with black and fuscous exteriorly
and suffused with fuscous in the brush; third segment with broad,
poorly defined blackish-fuscous basal and median annulations.
Head, thorax, and fore wing light ochreous-brown, the scales suffused
with fuscous and tipped with sordid whitish; collar narrowly black;
base somewhat lighter than the rest of wing, the light color diffused
for a short distance along costa and bordered outwardly by a strong
black shade, the latter from the middle to inner margin of wing; at
basal third an inconspicuous white discal spot (sometimes two) pre-
ceded by a few black scales, at the end of a cell a small white discal
spot broadly edged with black; cilia light ochreous-brown with a
narrow median fuscous band. Hind wing ochreous-fuscous, darker
around margins; cilia ochreous with narrow fuscous subbasal and
subterminal bands. Legs ochreous-white suffused and mottled with
blackish fuscous and fuscous. Abdomen ochreous-fuscous edged lat-
erally with numerous light ochreous-brown hairlike scales; beneath,
two broad, black, longitudinal lines broken into spots in posterior
half; between these two lines two indistinct parallel rows of spots.

Male genitalia. — Harpe elongate, moderately narrow; sparsely
clothed with hairs; cucullus pointed; clasper long, slender, slightly
enlarged in middle; sacculus broad. Anellus rectangular; posterior
edge emarginate ; lateral lobes well developed, hairy. Aedeagus stout,
slightly bent, pointed ; vesica with a weak spinulate patch of cornuti
in basal half. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized
band, with large hairy, lateral lobes. Gnathos a spined, oval knob.
Socii hairy flaps.

Female gemtalia. — Genital plate broad, with a gently concave, nar-
row, sclerotized anterior edge. Ostium small, round, situated on pos-
terior margin of genital plate. Ductus bursae sclerotized behind incep-
tion of ductus seminalis, short, membranous before, gradually widen-
ing into the very large bursa copulatrix ; signum large, 3-pointed, with
a few large teeth on posterior margin.

Alar expanse, 17-19 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — San Benito, Tex.

Remarks. — The species is represented only by the type series from
Brownsville and San Benito, Tex.

AGONOPTERIX POSTICELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 33, Figures 180, 190a ; Plate 46, Ficuee 274

Depressaria posticeUa Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 315, pi. 36,
fig. 5. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
5274, 1891.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 744, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5880, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith. List of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6423, 1903. — MEYracK, in Wytsman, Genera in-

120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

sectorum, fasc. 180, p. 173, 1922. — Gab3)e, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,

pt. 92, p. 340, 1939.
Agonoptcryx posticella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p.

190, 1908.
Agonopterix posticella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-

tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) ,

No. 8411, 1939.
Agnopteryx posticella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6469, 1917.

Labial palpus dull whitish ochreous ; second segment irrorated with
fuscous exteriorly ; third segment with apex fuscous and, in a few speci-
mens, a faint indication of a fuscous subterminal annulus. Antenna
fuscous. Head, thorax, and fore wing dull whitish ochreous; thorax
with slight inf uscation ; fore wing irrorated with black and fuscous and
suffused with reddish especially toward apex ; on costa at base and on
inner angle near base a blackish-fuscous spot; at basal third a black
discal spot followed by a similar one at end of cell, the latter frequently
obsolete ; on inner margin, before tornus a fuscous blotch not attaining
costal half; cilia fuscous with reddish tinge. Hind wing light grayish
fuscous; cilia lighter with rosy tinge. Legs pale whitish ochreous
heavily overlaid with fuscous except at joints and on posterior tibiae,
the latter with faint rosy tinge. Abdomen pale ochreous, suffused with
f uscuous above and with a row of more or less confluent spots on each
side beneath ; anal tuft usually with rosy tint.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, almost entirely clothed with long
hairs; clasper reaching beyond costa, slightly narrowed about the
middle and somewhat enlarged at the distal end, terminating in a
sharp point. Anellus a sclerotized plate, posterior edge concave, and
with weak lateral lobes. Vinculum rounded, broad, with well de-
veloped dorsoanterior process. Aedeagus slender, slightly curved,
gradually tapering to a sharp, dorsally upturned point; at the base
is a bifid sclerotized arm by which the aedeagus articulates with the
anellus. Transtilla a narrow band, with well developed, hairy, lat-
eral lobes. Gnathos a long, spined cone. Socii rather small, clothed
with fine hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, with pronounced anterior
median ventral evagination. Ostium large, oval, in posterior half
of genital plate. Ductus bursae membranous, long; inception of
ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large, oval;
signum a small, oval plate, with serrate edges and a pointed process
from the posterior margin.

Alar expanse, 17-21 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Lake County, Calif.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 121

Food, plants. — Psoralea physodes Dougl., P. macrostachya DC,
and P. tenuiflora Pursh.
Distribution. — Western United States.

United States records

Arizona: Yavapai County, $ (no date).

California: Fresno, $ (no date; E. A. Schwarz) ; Sacramento, S $ $ (V-11-S3),

and Applegate, Placer County, $ (VII-14-32), all reared and sent to me

by H. H. Keifer.
Colorado: Boulder, 2 ("May 14, Cockerell") ; other specimens (Dyar and

Caudell, labeled "Colorado"); Chimney Gulch, Denver, $ (6-13).
Oreg-on: McMinuville, $ (VII-9-22, S. E. Keen) ; Salem, 9 ("March," E. Y.

Lansing Jr.).

Remarks. — This far-western species seems to be confined to the
area south of the Cohimbia River. A diligent search in the spring
of 1934 by W. W. Baker, of Puyallup, Wash., failed to reveal the
presence of this species in Washington State. Mr. Baker did, how-
ever, locate larvae of psoraliella (referred to in this paper), which
is found feeding with posticella in California. The food plant {P.
physodes) is rather widely distributed on the Pacific slope west of
the Cascades in both Washington and British Columbia, so the
species may eventually be found in both places.

AGONOPTERIX PSORALIELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 31, Figxjres 177, 177a ; Plate 46, Figure 271

Depressaria psoraliella Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 317,
pi. 36, fig. 7. — Riley, in Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
527.5, 1891.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 740, 1902 ; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus, Bull. 52, No. 5865, 1903.— Kearfott, m Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6408, 1903. — Meyrick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 92, p. 342, 1939.

Agonoptcryx psoraliella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p.
198, 1908.

Agonopterix psoraliella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera). No. 8449, 1939.

Agnopteryx psoraliella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6442, 1917.

Labial palpus pale gray; second segment strongly suffused with
fuscous and dull red exteriorly; third segment slightly tinged with
red and with subbasal and subapical annuli and apex black. An-
tenna fuscous with reddish tint. Head gray, lightly suffused with
fuscous and tinted with red laterally; face shining white. Thorax,
base of wing, and basal fourth of costa gray irrorated with deep
red-brown and black (thorax in one specimen wholly red-brown) ;

122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

posterior tuft of thorax light red, beneath the inner edge of each
tegula a small black spot ; fore wing deep red -brown irrorated with
blackish fuscous and gray, especially toward costa and along veins;
at basal third two small yellowish discal dots, one above the other,
followed by another at the end of cell ; frequently there is a fourth,
though smaller spot between the outer and inner discal spots; all
spots edged with deep red; along costa and around termen a series
of indistinct blackish-fuscous spots; cilia fuscous with a reddish
tinge. Hind wing dark grayish-fuscous ; cilia lighter, reddish tinged
with a well-defined fuscous basal band and several less distinct sub-
terminal ones. Legs gray overlaid with blackish fuscous, except at
joints, and tinted with red. Abdomen gray, suffused with fuscous
above ; beneath, lightly suffused with red, irrorated with fuscous and
with a row of black spots on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad and short (when compared with
those of other members of the genus) , clothed over most of the sur-
face with fine hairs; cucullus rounded (in one specimen from Cali-
fornia the cucullus is long and slender) ; clasper long and slender,
reaching to, or slightly beyond, the costa; occasionally the clasper
is slightly hooked at the distal end. Anellus an oblong-oval plate;
posterior edge nearly straight with shallow median cleft; lateral lobes
well developed. Vinculum rounded, with dorsoanterior process.
Aedeagus slender, tapering distally to a point just past the middle,
then becoming larger and finally terminating in a sharp point. At
the base of the aedeagus is a bifid arm by which it articulates with
the anellus. Transtilla a broad sclerotized band, with large, hairy,
lateral lobes. Gnathos a slender spined cone. Socii large hairy
flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad. Ostium small, at ex-
treme anterior margin of plate. Ductus bursae long, membranous;
inception on ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copu-
latrix scarcely larger than the ductus. Signum a lightly sclerotized,
oval plate.

Alar expanse, 20-24 mm.

Type. — ^In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Sonoma County, Calif.

Food plants. — Psoralea physodes Dougl. and Psoralea macro-
stachya DC.

Distrihution. — The Pacific slope of the United States.

United States records

California: Pope Creek, Napa County, ,^,2 5 5 (V-27 to V-30-32, H. H. Keifer
[reared] ; Mills College, Alameda County (1 specimen in Dr. Braun's col-
lection) ; Dry Creek, Sonoma County, $ (V-21-1S71, Walsingliam [reared]).

Washington: Puyallup, 4 S $, 5 9 $ (V-7 to 17-34, W. W. Baker [reared]).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 123

Remarks. — The species is easily recognizable from Walsingham's
description and figure. There is one specimen from Washington State
that has the head and thorax dark reddish brown instead of the usual
gray.

AGONOPTERIX SANGUINELLA (Busck)

Plate 33, Figures 189, 189a

Depressaria sanguineUa Btjsck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 738, 1902. —
in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5861, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6404, 1903. — IMeyrick, in Wyts-
man. Genera insectorum, fasc. 180 p. 176, 1922. — Gaedb. in Bryk, Lepidopter-
orum catalogue, pt. 92, p. 348, 1939.

Agonoptenjx sanguineUa Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 199, 1908.

Agonopterix sangiiinella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8445, 1939.

Agnoptenjx sangui^icUa (Busck) Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6458, 1917.

Labial palpus pale grayish ochreous; second segment sparsely ir-
rorated with black exteriorly; third segment with a small spot near
base anteriorly, and apex black. Antenna dark fuscous. Face, head,
and collar of thorax light straw color, the scales of the head with a
grayish suffusion. Thorax and fore wing gray, sparsely irrorated
with black and with a carmine tint, the carmine color more pronounced
along costa and apex of fore wing; extreme base of wing and costa
pale grayish ochreous, the former followed by and the latter narrowly
edged with black; at basal third two obliquely placed black discal
spots edged with a few carmine scales; at end of cell a white discal
spot conspicuously edged w4th carmine; from the discal spot at end
of cell an inwardly oblique, blackish dash not reaching costa; cilia
gray with reddish suffusion and sparse black irrorations; termen with-
out row of dark spots. Hind wing light ochreous fuscous ; cilia con-
colorous with subbasal and two jDarallel fuscous bands and with whit-
ish irrorations apically. Legs pale grayish ochreous irrorated and
suffused with blackish fuscous except at joints. Abdomen pale
grayish ochreous irrorated with black and with a row of black spots on
each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, clothed with long, fine hairs ; cucul-
lus pointed; clasper short, straight, bluntly pointed; sacculus mod-
erately sclerotized. Anellus slightly longer than broad, v/ith small
lateral lobes; posterior margin with shallow cleft; basal portion con-
stricted. Aedeagus stout, slightly curved, bluntly pointed; vesica
armed with numerous strong spinulate cornuti. Vinculum rounded.
Transtilla a sclerotized band with well-developed lateral lobes.
Gnathos a spined knob. Socii fleshy, hairy flaps. Tegumen termi-
nating in a blunt point.

124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Alar expanse, 21 mm.

Ty^e. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Pinal Mountains, Ariz. (R. Kunze).

Remarks. — I have seen no specimens certainly referable to this
species, although I have before me a series from White Mountains,
Ariz., which may belong here. The specimens from this locality aver-
age considerably larger than the type of sanguinella but may be well
within the range of variation for this species.

AGONOPTERIX AMYRISELLA (Busck)

Plate 46, Figure 272

Depressaria amyrisella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 23, p. 233, 1901. — Dyab,
Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 4, p. 476, 1901. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 24, p. 741, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5872, 1903.— Keab-
FOTT, in Smithy List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6415, 1903. —
Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 175, 1922. — Gaede, in
Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 300, 1939.

Agonopteryx amyrisella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198, 1906.

Agonopterix amyrisella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.
8427, 1939.

Agnopteryx amyrisella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6446, 1917.

Labial palpus yellowish white ; second segment with blackish-fuscous
base and with black irrorations ; third segment with apical third black,
subbasal fourth light reddish fuscous ; the whole palpus with a reddish
tinge. Antenna dark metallic greenish brown. Face yellowish with a
few brown scales. Head with erect scales, yellowish at bases, purplish
black toward tips, tips white with reddish tinge. Thorax yellowish
brown with violaceous scales intermixed and with a transverse crest of
six tufts of scales. Fore wing dark violaceous-brown sparsely irro-
rated with black scales ; extreme base yellowish, the color not extend-
ing to costa, and containing a black spot near inner angle ; beyond this
light basal patch a purplish-black fascia not attaining costa ; at basal
third, in cell, a few scattered purplish-black scales; at end of cell a
small white discal spot broadly edged with black ; on costa five rather
large blackish spots, the fourth (from base of wing) the largest, ex-
tending into cell and confluent with the black-edged white discal spot ;
around termen six to eight small black spots; cilia yellowish brown
with a narrow fuscous subbasal line and tinged with reddish. Hind
wing yellowish brown, much darker apically; cilia light yellowish
fuscous with a broad fuscous subbasal band. Legs pale yellowish
brown irrorated and suffused with purplish black except at joints.
Abdomen pale yellowish brown infuscated above and with a row of
black spots on each side beneath.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE CLARKE 125

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately sclerotized; anterior
edge lobed. Ostium small, round, opening about middle of plate.
Ductus bursae short, not much longer than bursa copulatrix; incep-
tion of ductus seminalis just before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large,
oval, without signum.

Alar expanse, 16-17 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Palm Beach, Fla.

Food plant. — Ainyris -jioridoma Nutt.

Remarks. — This species is represented only by the type series.
These are females.

2. MARTYRHILDA, new genus

Plate 2, Figure 17 ; Plate 6, Figuee 44 ; Plate 10, Figures 67, 67a ; Plate 16,

Figure 100

Genotype. — Depressaria canella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
27, p. 764, 1904.

Similar to Agonopterix but palpus more slender, smooth, brush on
second segment poorly developed or absent. Fore wing narrow,
elongate, bluntly pointed; costa straight. Hind wing with costa
straight or slightly excavate. Abdominal wall strongly sclerotized.

Male genitalia. — Clasper divided, with transverse arm and longi-
tudinal arm, the former sometimes with lateral process from inside;
gnathos broadened, sometimes renifonu; vesica usually armed with
strong cornuti.

Female genitalia. — Signum always large, broadly oval to elongate,
never diamond-shaped. Ductus bursae membranous or partly sclero-
tized, sometimes with strong thornlike processes from inner surface.

Larva. — ^As in Agonopterix.

Pupa. — Pubescent. Prothoracic femora exposed. Labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — ^This genus is closely related to Agonopterix., differing
from it by the poor development or absence of the brush of the second
segment of the labial palpus, the divided clasper of the harpe, the
unusually large broadly oval or elongate signum, and the exposed
prothoracic femora of the pupa.

With the genotype I associate ten other species, three of which I
have described as new.

The larvae of only three species of this genus are known. The larva
of sphaeralceae is a leaf miner ; those of umhraticostella and canella
are leaf tiers.

126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF MARTYRHILDA BASED ON
COLORATION

1. Ground color of fore wing white or whitish 2

Ground color of fore wing otherwise 4

2. Costa with a large fuscous blotch at middle canella (Busck) (p. 128)

Costa without large dark markings 3

3. Basal segment of antenna sordid whitish; hind wing smoky

fuscous sordidella, new species (p. 132)

Basal segment of antenna fuscous; hind wing white, nivalis (Braun) (p. 139)

4. Base of fore wing dark reddish brown or blackish fuscous 5

Base of fore wing otherwise 7

5. Ground color of fore wing straw yellow gracilis (Walsingham) (p. 133)

Ground color of fore wing otherwise 6

6. Ground color of fore wing light reddish ochreous

umbraticostella (Walsingham) (p. 130)
Ground color of fore wing pale ochreous-gray.

thoracenigraeella (Chambers) (p. 135)

7. Costa, to about middle, lighter than general color of wing 8

Costa not contrastingly lighter than remainder of wing 10

8. Third segment of labial palpus immaculate., hildaella, new species (p. 140)
Third segment of labial palpus maculate 9

9. Fore wing suffused or marked with reddish or brownish; alar

expanse 20 mm. or more klamathiana (Walsingham) (p. 142)

Fore wing without reddish or brownish suffusions or markings;

alar expanse 19 mm. or less sciadopa (Meyrick) (p. 144)

10. Ground color of fore wing grayish fuscous strongly overlaid with

whitish ochreous sphaeralceae, new species (p. 138)

Ground color of fore wing brownish fuscous sparsely irrorated

with whitish ochreous thoracefasciella (Chambers) (p. 136)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF MARTYRHILDA BASED ON MALE
GENITALIA

1. Gnathos reniform (figs. 100, 143) 2

Gnathos not reniform (fig. 149) 4

2. Transverse arm of clasper extending beyond middle of harpe (figs.

67, 143) 3

Transverse arm of clasper short, stout, not extending beyond

middle of harpe (fig. 145) sordidella, new species (p. 132)

3. Harpe slender; both arms of clasper of about equal length; trans-

verse arm reaching costa of harpe (fig. 143)

umbraticostella (Walsingham) (p. 130)
Harpe short, broad; transverse arm of clasper longer than longi-
tudinal arm but not attaining costal edge of harpe (fig. 67)

canella (Busck) (p. 128)

4. Lobes of transtilla fused (figs. 146, 147) 5

Lobes of transtilla not fused (figs. 148, 149, etc.) 6

5. Sacculus as broad as one-third width of harpe at base; transverse

and longitudinal arms of clasper of about equal length;
aedeagus about one-half length of harpe (fig. 146)

thoracefasciella (Chambers) (p. 136)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 127

Sacculus broader than one-third width of harpe at base; trans-
verse arm of clasper appreciably longer than longitudinal
arm; aedeagus longer than one-half length of harpe (fig. 147)

sphaeralceae, new species (p. 138)

6. Transverse arm of clasper short, hardly extending beyond

middle of harpe (fig. 148) hildaella, new species (p. 140)

Transverse arm of clasper long, at least extending beyond middle

of harpe (figs. 142, 144, etc.) 7

7. Aedeagus sharply bent at middle (fig. 142a)- .gracilis (Walsingham) (p. 133)
Aedeagus slightly curved (figs. 149, 150, etc.) 8

8. Transverse arm of clasper arising at middle, or slightly before

middle of harpe; aedeagus strongly compressed (figs. 149, 151) 9

Transverse arm of clasper arising well before middle of harpe;

aedeagus not appreciably compressed (fig. 150) 10

9. Transverse arm of clasper reaching to or slightly beyond costa

of harpe ; free from below middle of harpe

klamathiana (Walsingham) (p. 142)
Transverse arm of clas^jer not reaching costa of harpe; free

from middle of harpe or beyond (fig. 149) sciadopa (Meyrick) (p. 144)

10. Both arms of clasper very slender, sharply pointed; vesica armed
with an elongate patch of fine cornuti (figs. 150, 150a)

nivalis (Braun) (p. 139)
Arms of clasper otherwise; vesica armed with an elongate patch

of strong cornuti (fig. 144) thoracenigraeella (Chambers) (p. 135)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF MARTYRHILDA BASED ON FEMALE
GENITALIA

1. Ductus bursae partly sclerotized (figs. 100,239) 2

Ductus bursae membranous (figs. 232, 233; etc.) 3

2. Sclerotized portions of ductus bursae consisting of one moder-

ately large and one small area, the former bearing several
thornlike teeth inwardly (fig. 239) .thoracenigraeella (Chambers) (p. 135)
Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae consisting of one large
area armed inwardly wdth 17 or 18 short, stout teeth (fig. 100)

canella (Busck) (p. 128)

3. Inner surface of ductus bursae armed with a group of 11 stout

teeth (fig. 238) sordidella, new species (p. 132)

Inner surface of ductus bursae unarmed (figs. 232, etc.) 4

4. Signum broadly oval (figs. 231, 233) 5

Signum elongate (figs. 232, 235, etc.) 6

5. Ostium with a strongly sclerotized area laterally (fig. 233)

gracilis (Walsingham) (p. 133)
Ostium without such sclerotized area (fig. 231) nivalis (Braun) (p. 139)

6. Signum with several long teeth projecting from posterior end

(fig. 232) umbraticostella (Walsingham) (p. 130)

Signum without such teeth (figs. 235, etc.) 7

7. Bursa copulatrix distinctly asymmetrical (figs. 234, 236) 8

Bursa copulatrix symmetrical (figs. 235, 237) 9

8. Genital plate with two narrow raised ridges posterior to ostium

(fig. 234) klamathiana (Walsingham) (p. 142)

Genital plate without such ridges (fig. 236) sciadopa (Meyrick) (p. 144)

9. Ostium with sclerotized, cuplike structures laterally (fig. 235)

thoracefasciella (Chambers) (p. 136)
10. Ostium without such structures (fig. 237).. sphaeralceae, new species (p 138)

128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

MARTYRHILDA CANELLA (Busck)

Plate 2, Figure! 17; Plate 6, Figure 44; Plate 10, Figures 67, 67a;
Plate 16, Figure 100

Depressaria canella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 764, 1904.—

Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede,

in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 311, 1939.
Agmopteryx canella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 85, p. 198, 1908.—

Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 238, 1923.
Agonopterix canella (Busck) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepitloptera),

No. 8433, 1939.
Agnoptcryx canella (Busck) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6437, 1917.
Agonopteryx cogitata Braun, Can. Ent., vol. 58, p. 47, 1926.
Agonopterix cogitata (Braun) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.

8433, 1939. (As. synonym of canella (Busck) ).
Depressaria cogitata (Braun) Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt.

92, p. 316, 1939.

Labial palpus white strongly irrorated with fuscous. Antenna,
head, and collar of thorax fuscous to black; face whitish. Thorax
and ground color of fore wing pure white, the latter marked with
black, brown, and fuscous ; basal third with a few inconspicuous black
and fuscous spots and fine strigulae; from costa, at middle, a large
fuscous blotch extending to near middle of cell edged above and below
with brown and preceded by a black crescentic dash; around termen
a series of black or fuscous spots ; cilia whitish strongly suffused with
fuscous. Hind wing light fuscous; cilia whitish. Legs white
strongly mottled and overlaid with fuscous or black. Abdomen
white with a black lateral stripe on each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe lightly sclerotized except for sacculus,
which is heavily sclerotized and deeply folded ; sacculus produced to
form a broadly bifid clasper, transverse arm long, extending beyond
middle of harpe, the other produced toward cucuUus. Anellus a
broad, sclerotized plate, dorsoventrally concave; two dorsal projec-
tions laterally produced. Aedeagus stout, blunt; vesica armed with
several stout cornuti, the terminals (1-3) at right angles to the long
axis of the aedeagus forming hook. Vinculum broad, rounded.
Lobes of transtilla not fused. Gnathos a reniform, heavily spined
knob.

Female genitalia. — Ostium round. Genital plate heavily sclerotized
at edges of ostium ; ductus bursae short, constricted just before bursa
copulatrix ; the posterior portion broad, heavily sclerotized ; near the
anterior edge of the sclerotized portion of the ductus a group of 18
short, stout spines (this probably varies) . Signum of bursa copulatrix
a large oval plate.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 129

Larva.— Length 11-12 mm. Head light brown with a heavy suffu-
sion of dark brown on the margins, epicranial sutures and, especially,
beneath. Body subcylindrical, considerably thicker at middle and
tapering toward each end. Thoracic and abdominal segments light
yellowish green, lighter ventrally. Prothoracic shield light yellowish
brown. Thoracic legs yellowish with joints edged with brown.
Tubercles large, black; spiracles edged with brown.

The larvae of canella are often abundant, and their work is char-
acteristic and easily recognized. Early in spring the tubes, formed
by the larvae from tied terminal leaves, are conspicuous as "beaked"
processes at right angles to the long axis of the stem. Frequently
several tubes are constructed by one larva so that it becomes necessary
to inspect several tubes before the larva is finally located. From the
terminal portion of the tube the woolly covering of the leaves is ejected,
this often forming a conspicuous mass. Pupation occurs in debris
at the base of the plant. In the laboratory larvae pupated on April
24 and 25, and the moths emerged May 8, 1934.

The species is exceedingly difficult to rear. In the spring of 1935
nearly 400 larvae were collected but only 19 moths were obtained.
This might suggest faulty rearing conditions but three systems were
used with the same results. This and the fact that in nature the
moths are scarce, although the larvae are abundant, suggest a natural
high mortality.

Alar expanse, 16-20 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum {canella) ; A. F.
Braun collection, Cincinnati, Ohio {cogitata).

Type localities. — Pullman, Wash, {canella) (Piper) ; Aweme,
Manitoba {cogitata).

Food plants. — Antennaria luzuloides T. & I. (Clarke) ; Gtmphalium
(J. McDunnough).

Distribution. — ^Western United States and Canada in the Rocky
Mountain and intermountain areas; northeastern United States and
eastern Canada.

United States records

California: Warner Mountains, 3 mi. E., Davis Creek, Modoc County, alt. 5,500
feet, 3 (8-10-VII-1922, A. W. Lindsey).

Connecticut: New Haven, $ (Dr. Britten),

Idaho: Viola, Moscow Mountains, 5 (12-VI-35, J. F. G. Clarke [reared]).

ITe-w Hampshire: Portsmouth, $ (VI-9-05, C. E. Montgomery).

New York: Big Indian Valley, Catskill Mountains, 9 (IX-2-10, R. F. Pearsall) ;
Iliou i$, VI-25-13, 2 5 9, VI-25-13, VlI-11-17, H. McElhose) ; also Wil-
mington and Ithaca (according to Forbes) ; Ithaca, 9 (30-VI-31, A. B. Klots) .

V/ashington: Kamiack Butte, Whitman County, S $ S and 9 9 9 (May 8, 1934;
Jlay 16-June 18, 1935, J. F. G. Clarke [reared] ) ; Pullman, S (2 September
'98).
286614—41 7

130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Canadian records

Alberta: Waterton Lakes (12 July, J. McDuunough).

British Columbia: Chilcotin, $ (VIII-22-25, George V. Copley).

Manitoba: Aweme.

Quebec: Kazubeque, $ (VI-24-27, J. McDunnough [reared]).

Remarks. — There is no doubt about the synonymy of this species.
Dr. Braun distinguishes her cogitata from canella on the basis of the
absence of the bhick anterior border of the thorax and the white apical
portion of the hind wing of the latter species. Although Busck did
not mention the black anterior portion of the thorax in his description,
all specimens I have seen, including the type, have it present. The
use of a white apical portion of the hind wing to distinguish further
between the two is impractical, no two specimens of this species having
the same amount of black scaling at the apex of the hind wing and some
lacking it entirely. The difference in the male genitalia is confined
to the number of cornuti present on the vesica; but this character is
useless since the number differs in different specimens.

This species closely resembles the European alstroemeriana but is
easily distinguished from it by the black or very dark-brown collar.

MARTYRHILDA UMBRATICOSTELLA (Walsingham)

Plate 24, Figtjres 143, 143a ; Plate 41, Figure 232

Depressaria umbraticostella Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1S81, p. 318,
pi. 36, fig. 8. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5283, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 736, 1902 ; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5855, 1903.— Keaefott, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6398, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 27, p. 763, 1904. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 177, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 356,
1939.

Agonopteryx umhraticostella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
35, p. 198, 1908.— Bbaun, Trans Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 51, p. 197, 1925.

Agonopterix umhraticostella (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera). No. 8455, 1939.

Agnopteryx umbraticostella (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6434, 1917.

Labial palpus light ochreous suffused with light fuscous; third
segment with median and basal bands, the latter poorly defined.
Antenna fuscous. Head ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Thorax
and base of fore wing blackish fuscous to black. Fore wing light
reddish ochreous with small diffused blackish-fuscous spots on costa
and around termen ; on middle of costa a conspicuous, outwardly dif-
fused blackish-fuscous shade preceded by two minute (sometimes
inconspicuous) discal dots of the same color; from costal patch,
around termen to near middle of inner margin, a light fuscous shade;

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 131

cilia light fuscous. Hind wing shining grayish fuscous. Legs
whitish ochreous, the fore and mid legs strongly overlaid with fus-
cous; hind legs lightly so with their tarsi fuscous and annulated with
whitish ochreous. Abdomen light fuscous above, whitish ochreouS
beneath with a lateral stripe on each side and irrorations blackish
fuscous.

Mate genitalia. — Harpe lightly clothed with hairs; costa heavily
sclerotized; clasper divided, the arms long, of about equal length;
one arm, parelleling the sacculus, stout and sharply pointed ; the trans-
verse arm curved, reaching costa and having a lateral thornlike
process projecting toward the sacculus. Anellus a more or less
shield-shaped plate, deeply excavated on the posterior margin, the
excavation, in the main, being formed by two heavily sclerotized,
winglike processes. Vinculum broad, rounded. Aedeagus stout,
straight, bluntly pointed, with a large spinulate patch about the
middle. Transtilla a broad sclerotized band. Gnathos reniform.
Tegumen bifid. Socii rectangular flaps bearing a few hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow at the middle, the entire
width being taken up by the rectangular ostium, then broadening
laterally. Ductus bursae short, broad, and membranous. Bursa
copulatrix large, oval; signum a large, elongate oval plate, slightly
broader anteriorly than posteriorly, with long, spinelike projections
at the posterior end.

Alar expanse, 16-19 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type localities. — Mount Shasta, Calif., and "North Oregon."

Food plants. — Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. and Helian-
fhits pumilits Nutt.

Distribution. — Western United States and Canada.

United States records

Arizona: White Mountains, Apache Indian Reservation, alt. 7,000 ft., 5 $ ^,
3 5 9 (June 1925, O. C. Poling) ; 5, 9 (July 5-15, 1925) ; ? (August 1-15,
1925).

California: Mount Shasta, $ ; Placer County, $ (September),

Colorado: Williams Range, $ (August 8, A. J. Snyder).

New Mexico: Fort Wingate, $ (July 16-23).

Oregon: "Camp Watson" 2 $ S (III, IV, 1872, Walsingham).

Utah: Stockton, 2 $ $ (IX-6, IX-7-07, Tom Spalding) ; Eureka {$, VII-13-11,
$ , VIII-14-11, 9 , VIII-29-11, Tom Spalding) .

Washing'ton: Almota, Whitman County, $ (IV-5-30, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Pull-
man, 2 $ $ (III-1-98, C. V. Piper), 9 (11-17-30, D. H. Brannon),
$ (VII-26-32, T. M. Clarke [reared]), $ (IV-13-26, J. F. G. Clarke), 9
(II 1-26-30, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Snake River, Whitman County, opposite
Clarkston, $ (IV-28-32, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Wenatchee, 2 $ $ (VI-5-30,
VI-10-30, A. Spuler), 9 (rX-5-29, A. Spuler).

132 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Canadiayi records
British Columbia: Vernon (20-XI-1927, A. A. Dennys).

Remarks. — This species seems to be confined to far-western North
America, where it is rather widely distributed. It was originally
described from specimens collected by Lord Walsingham on Mount
Shasta, Calif., and in North Oregon. Busck ^^ also records specimens
from Arizona. He further states that Dyar bred a specimen from
Helianthus pumilus collected near Denver and Sedalia, Colo.
Braun -* bred three specimens from BalsamorMza sagiftata collected
near Logan, Utah.

MARTYRHILDA SORDIDELLA, new species

Plate 24, Figttbes 145, 145a ; Plate 41, Figure 238

Labial palpus, head, thorax, abdomen, and ground color of fore
wing sordid whitish; second segment of labial palpus with sparse
brown and fuscous irrorations exteriorly ; third segment immaculate ;
antenna with basal segment sordid whitish; remainder of segments
fuscous with dull golden-yellow scaling above. Thorax and fore wing
irrorated with dull golden-yellow and brown; from apical third of
cost a around termen to inner margin a series of indistinct brownish
spots, with a few dull golden-yellow scales mixed; at basal third a
brown discal spot; below this spot in fold (vein Ic) an elongate dull
golden-yellow patch ; at end of cell a conspicuous brown discal spot ;
cilia white, rather shining; underside of fore wing fuscous, except
around edges. Hind wing smoky fuscous; cilia white with a brown
subbasal line. Legs sordid whitish, slightly overlaid and mottled
with fuscous exteriorly; tarsi fuscous except at joints.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately broad, tapering gi^adually to
the bluntly pointed cucullus, and lightly clothed with coarse hairs;
sacculus broad and very heavily sclerotized ; clasper divided, the longi-
tudinal arm produced as a strong, long, bluntly pointed extension of
the sacculus, the transverse arm as a short, stubby, moderately sclero-
tized projection about middle of harpe. Anellus a broad rectangular
plate with concave posterior edge, moderately well developed hairy
lateral lobes and a broad median process from basal edge. Aedeagus
stout, moderately long, nearly straight, bluntly pointed ; vesica armed
with an elongate patch of strong cornuti. Vinculum broadly rounded.
Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with large, hairy, fleshy, lateral
lobes. Gnathos reniform. Tegumen pointed. Socii large fleshy,
hairy lobes.

Feinale genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad, lightly scler-
otized. Ostium large, round, with an elongate, strongly sclerotized

23 Busck, A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 736, 1902.

2< Braun, A. F., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 51, p. 197, 1925.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 133

patch on each side inwardly ; anterolateral edge narrowly but heavily
sclerotized. Ductus bursae membranous, short, broad, with 10 or 11
short, stout, strongly sclerotized, thornlike teeth inwardly ; inception
of ductus seminalis adjacent to ostium. Bursa copulatrix moderately
large, round ; signum a large, round, toothed plate.
Alar expanse, 18-21 mm.
Type. — In the Canadian National collection.

Paratyfes. — U. S. N. M. No. 53258 ; also in the Canadian National
collection.

Type locality. — Shingle Creek, Penticton, British Columbia.
Food plant. — Unknown.

RemarJcs. — Described from the $ type, 10 $ and 3 $ paratypes
from British Columbia as follows: Brent's Landing, Penticton,
Z $ $ (30-V-1935) ; Shingle Creek, Penticton, & $ $ (1&-V-1936) ;
Shingle Creek Road, Keremeos, $ (8-VI-1935) ; Summerland, 2 9 $
(25-V-1935) ; Vaseaux Lake, 9 (18-V-1936), all collected by A. N.
Gartrell; Penticton, $ (7-VI-1935, J. McDunnough). The entire
type series was submitted by Dr. McDunnough.

This is the third species of the genus from North America with a
white ground color to come to my attention.

The costa of the fore wing of the female is somewhat straighter
than that of the male and is more nearly parallel to the inner margin,
producing a wing that is narrower and of nearly equal width
throughout its length.

MARTYRHILDA GRACILIS (Walsingham)

Plate 24, Figotjes 142, 142ji ; Plate 41, Figube 233

Depressaria gracilis Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 257, 1889. — Busck. Proc.

U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 737, 1902; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,

No. 5857, 1903.— Keaefott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal

America, No. 6400, 1903. — IVIeyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.

180, p. 177, 1922.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 325,

1939.
Agonopteryx gracilis (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p.

198, 1908.
Agonopterix gracilis (WalsinglVam) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera

of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),

No. 8457, 1939.
Agnopterjix gracilis (Walsingham) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6436, 1917.

Labial palpus straw yellow ; second segment blotched with reddish
brown outwardly; third segment with a reddish-brown subapical
annulus. Antenna with basal segment dark brown, remainder brown.
Head straw yellow with a light reddish-brown patch above the base
of each antenna. Thorax and base of forcwing dark reddish brown.
Ground color of fore wing and cilia straw yellow; discal spots dark

134 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

brown, the first two, obliquely one above the other, before middle,
the third at end of cell ; from costa, just before apex, around termen
a series of six or seven dark brown spots; cilia strongly mixed with
dark brown. Hind wing pale grayish fuscous; cilia pale straw
yellow with a faint, narrow, brown subbasal line. Legs straw yellow ;
anterior femora and tarsi strongly overlaid with brown; tarsi of
middle and hind legs tinged with brown. Abdomen brownish above
with posterior edges of segments and ventral surface straw yellow.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately broad; costa heavily sclerotized
to a point just before cucullus ; clothing of hairs confined to the apical
half except for a group of coarse hairs on base just below the costa ;
clasper divided, one arm, paralleling the sacculus, short and acutely
pointed, the other, long, reaching to a point just below the costa, with
a short, blunt lateral projection. Anellus a broad, sclerotized plate
with an elongated troughlike articulation on which the aedeagus
rests. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus stout, bent sharply at middle
and tapering gently to a blunt point. Transtilla a narrow band with
hairy lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval, spined knob. Tegumen rounded
at apex. Socii fleshy flaps with a few hairs.

Ferrbale genitalia. — Genital plate broad, rather heavily sclerotized
around the ostium. Ostium deeply concave. The edges inunedi-
ately around the ostium and the posterior portion of the ductus bursae
are spinulate. Just before the ostium the ductus bursae is constricted.
Ductus bursae short, membranous, unarmed on inner surface, widen-
ing gently into the large bursa copulatrix. Signum a large, broadly
oval, slightly sclerotized plate.

Alar expanse, 15-18 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Texas.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — ^Western United States.

United States records

California: Laguna Beach, 9 ; Loma Linda, San Bernardino County, ? (Oct.
&-15) ; San Diego, 2 $ $ (Nov. 21, 1921, Karl R. Coolidge), S $ S (May
24-30), 9 (June 16-23), 9 (April 16-23), 9 (IV-26-08, Geo. H. Field).

Colorado: Colorado Springs (Fountain Valley School), 3 $$ ( 20-31- VIII-32,
A. B. Klots) ; Denver, $ (Oslar) ; 2 9 9 (no data).

Iowa: Iowa City, 9 (G. G. Ainslie).

South Dakota: Elk Point, 9 (Aug. 1918, C. N. Ainslie).

Texas: 2 $ $ (X-06, H. Lacey).

Remarks. — This very distinct species cannot be confused with any
other described North American Martyrhilda, but it closely resembles
the European culcitella.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 135

MARTYRHILDA THORACENIGRAEELLA (Chambers)
Plate 24, Figuee 144 ; Plate 41, Figure 239

Oelechia thoracenigraeella Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Jouru. Sci., vol. 2, p. 246,

1875 ; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 147, 1878.
Depressaria thoracenigraeella (Chambers) Rilet, in Smith, List of the Lcpidop-

tera of Boreal America, No. 5495, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. INIus., vol. 24,

p. 736, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5856, 1903.— Kearfott, in

Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6399, 1903.—

Meyrick, in Wyt&man, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in

Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 355, 1939.
Agonopteryx thoracenigraeela (Chambers) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,

p. 198, 1908.
Agonopterix thoracenigraeella (Chambers) McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-

lepidoptera ) , No. 8456, 1939.
Agnopteryx thoracenigraeella (Chambers) Barnes and McDunnough, Check

list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6435, 1917.

Labial palpus whitish ochreous; second segment irrorated with
fuscous; third segment with a broad, well-defined black subapical
anmilus and a narrower, poorly defined basal annulus of the same
color. Antenna fuscous. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore
wing pale ochreous-gray ; fore part of thorax and base of fore wing
blackish fuscous ; from costa to middle of cell a fuscous shade edged
above and below with brown and preceded by a conspicuous outwardly
oblique black dash; on costa and around termen a series of grayish-
fuscous spots; cilia light fuscous irrorated with wliitish ochreous.
Hind wing brownish fuscous ; cilia somewhat lighter with a white ter-
minal edge. Legs light grayish ochreous overlaid and mottled with
fuscous ; hind tarsi fuscous, annulated with whitish ochreous. Abdo-
men grayish ochreous above, beneath whitish ochreous with a black
lateral line on each side.

Male genitaUa. — Essentially like gracilis^ diflfering chiefly in the
characters of the aedeagus. Harpe moderately broad and clothed with
fine hairs, especially in apical half; clasper divided, one arm parallel-
ing sacculus, the other transverse, arising well before middle of harpe,
reaching nearly to costa, and without lateral process ; sacculus heavily
sclerotized; anellus a sclerotized plate with median trough on which
the aedeagus articulates ; lateral hairy lobes present. Aedeagus stout,
only slightly curved ; cornuti numerous, strong, in an elongate patch.
Vinculum rounded, broad. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band with
lateral hairy lobes. Gnathos an oval spined knob. Socii fleshy hairy
lobes. Apex of tegumen with median cleft.

Female genitalia. — Ostium moderately large, located near anterior
edge of genital plate. Ductus seminalis entering ductus bursae just
anterior to ostium. Ductus bursae membranous except for two sclero-

136 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

tized patches, one large, tlie other small, each set with sharp thornlike
projections. Signiim of bursa very large, oval.

Alar expanse, 16-17 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Behrens, Calif.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Known only from California.

United States records
California: Carmel, 4^5,9 ("June," A. H. Vachell).

Reviarhs. — The type of thoracenigraeella, in the Museum of Com-
parative Zoology, Cambridge, is in verj^ poor condition. The right
fore wing, in good condition, is still attached to the thorax, but the
abdomen, most of the legs, and all the other wings are gone.

Despite the poor condition of the type I have been able to recognize
five specimens as this species. The figures of the genitalia have been
made from two of these specimens.

MARTYRHILDA THORACEFASCIELLA (Chambers)

Plate 24, Figures 146, 146a ; Plate 41, Figure 235

Gelechia thoracefasciclla Cuaubers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 246,

1875; Can. Ent., vol. 10, p. .50, 1878; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4,

p. 147, 1878.
Depressaria thoracefasciella (Chambers) Riley, Iji Smith, List of the Lepidop-

tera of Boreal America, No. 5494, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.

24, p. 740, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5867, 1903.— Keakfott,

m Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6410, 1903. — Gaede,

in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 354, 1939.
Depressaria thoracifasciella (Chambers) Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-

torum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922.
Agnoptcryx thoracefasciella (Chambers) Babnes and McDunnough, Check list

of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6451, 1917.
Agonopterix tJioracefasciella (Chambers) McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-

lepidoptera), No. 8442, 1939.

Labial palpus with second segment ochreous-white, mottled with
fuscous exteriorly; third segment blackish fuscous with a poorly
defined ochreous-white median band and ochreous-white tip.
Antenna blackish fuscous. Head, thorax, base and basal fourth of
costa of fore wing whitish ochreous. Ground color of fore wing
brownish fuscous sparsely irrorated with whitish ochreous; extreme
base of costa, and shade beyond whitish-ochreous base, blackish
fuscous; first two discal spots small, black, obliquely placed one above
the other ; at the end of cell a conspicuous white or whitish-ochreous
discal spot surrounded by a blackish-fuscous suffusion; along costa
and around termen a series of poorly defined blackish-fuscous spots ;
cilia fuscous, mixed with ochreous-white. Hind wing brownish

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 137

fuscous, lighter basally; cilia fuscous. Legs blackish fuscous irro-
rated with ochreous-white ; tarsi annulated with ochreous-white.
Abdomen fuscous above; beneath, ochreous-white overlaid and irro-
rated with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately sclerotized; cucullus rounded
and clothed with fine hairs. Transverse and longitudinal arms of
clasper of about equal length, the former extending beyond the costa ;
sacculus as broad as one-third the width of harpe at base. Anellus
a roughly rectangular sclerotized plate emarginate on the posterior
edge; lateral lobes minute. Transtilla a narrow band with fused
hairy lobes. Vinculum rounded, broad. Aedeagus slender, about
one-half the length of harpe, slightly curved, unarmed ; apex slightly
recurved. Gnathos an oval spined knob ; supporting arms moderately
sclerotized. Socii small, clothed with few hairs; widely separated.
Tegumen truncated, slightly emarginate.

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, rounded; on each side of the
ostium the genital plate is produced into a strongly sclerotized pocket.
Inception of the ductus seminalis slightly anterior to the sclerotized
pockets. Ductus bursae membranous, unarmed on inner surface,
tapering gradually into the symmetrical bursa copulatrix. Signum
an elongate scobinate plate attenuated and broken posteriorly.

The abdominal wall of this species differs from that of sphaeralceae
in being much less strongly sclerotized. The harpes of the male are
broader and correspondingly shorter, and much less sclerotized. The
aedeagus is shorter than that of sphaeralceae and the apex is more
strongly recurved. The female genitalia show marked differences.
The signum of sphaeralceae is smaller and less strongly sclerotized
than that of thoracefasciella and the sclerotized pockets of the latter
species are totally wanting in the former.

Alar expanse, 15-17 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Behrens, Calif.

Food plants. — Siclahea malvaeflora A. Gray (Keifer rearing) and
Malvaf (C. M. Dammers).

Distrihution. — Southwestern United States.

United States records

Arizona: Hualapi Mountains, Mojave County, 2 $ $, 9 (May 24-31, no col-
lector).

California: Diamond Spring, Eldorado County, 3 $ $, 3 5 9 (V-26 to V-3-35,
H. H. Keifer) ; Canyon Valley, San Bernardino County, $ (VII-1-32, no
collector) ; Riverside, 9 (June 1930, C. M. Dammers) ; Mill Valley, Marin
County, 4 $ $ (5-12-III-20, E. P. Van Duzee).

Reinarks. — I have examined the type of this species and have made
a slide of the male genitalia. These agree exactly with specimens
from our reared series.

138 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. »o

MARTYRHILDA SPHAERALCEAE, new species

Plate 24, Figures 147, 147a ; Plate 41, Fiqube 237

A small, gray, narrow-winged western species, closely related to the
foregoing, but easily distinguished from it by the genitalia.

Head, palpus, and antenna dark grayish fuscous; face whitish
ochreous ; second segment of labial palpus whitish ochreous inwardly
and above with a liberal sprinkling of whitish-ochreous scales out-
wardly; third segment whitish ochreous above, the color extending
around middle to form an incomplete annulus ; apex whitish ochreous ;
antenna with narrow fuscous annulations. Thorax and ground color
of fore wing grayish fuscous, the tips of the scales narrowly whitish
ochreous ; basal part of fore wing, usually with more whitish-ochreous
scaling, appearing lighter than ground color and followed by a dark
fuscous shading ; at basal third two black obliquely placed discal spots
followed by white scales, the spots frequently confluent, forming an
outwardly oblique discal dash ; at end of cell a white discal spot sur-
rounded by blackish-fuscous scales; along costa and around termen
a series of indistinct fuscous spots ; underside of costa whitish ochreous
to apex ; a row of black scales around termen ; cilia gray mixed with
fuscous and whitish-ochreous scales. Hind wing grayish fuscous with
light fuscous cilia; a fuscous band around margin at base of cilia;
a blackish-fuscous line around apex and termen beneath. Legs fus-
cous irrorated with whitish ochreous; tarsi annulated with wliitish
ochreous. Abdomen fuscous above with grayish at the posterior mar-
gin of each segment ; grayish laterally and beneath with a row of black
lateral spots.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample, strongly sclerotized ; cucullus blunt-
pointed, clothed with fine hairs ; transverse arm of clasper appreciably
longer than longitudinal arm, reaching well beyond costa; sacculus
broader than one-third the width of harpe at base. Anellus roughly
rectangular, emarginate on the posterior edge; lateral lobes scarcely
developed. Transtilla a narrow band with well-developed, fused,
lateral hairy lobes. Aedeagus slender, slightly curved, longer than
one-half the length of harpe, pointed, unarmed. Vinculum rounded.
Gnathos an oval spined knob; supporting arms strongly sclerotized.
Socii fleshy hairy lobes, well separated. Tegumen with the apex
emarginate.

Female genitalia. — Ostium small, round at extreme anterior edge
of genital plate. Genital plate broad, weakly sclerotized. Ductus
bursae moderately stout, membranous, tapering gradually into bursa ;
inception of ductus seminalis just anterior to the ostium. Bursa
copulatrix symmetrical, oval; signum a small, weakly sclerotized,
elongate plate.

Alar expanse, 15-18 mm.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 139

Larva. — Length 9-11 mm. Head and cervical shield light brown,
the former broadly suffused laterally and posteriorly with dark
brown ; epicranial sutures dark brown ; ocelli light brown surrounded
by a blackish area. Underside of head yellowish brown. The shield
is bisected by a narrow light-green or yellowish longitudinal line;
posterior half of shield dark brown; beyond this, on dorsal half,
prothorax whitish. Thoracic and abdominal segments apple green
with a broad suffusion of whitish around the dark brown tubercles
and on the posterior edges of the segments. Setae long, yellowish
brown proximally, whitish distally. Anal plate pale green with
whitish posterolateral edges. Thoracic legs yellowish brown with
lighter annulations at the joints.

The larva is a leaf miner forming a blotch mine. In the early
stages frass is ejected from the mine through a small silken tube,
which is constructed at one edge of the mine, usually parallel to
the midrib of the leaf. In the later instars the larva folds a leaf
and completely mines out the spongy material between the upper and
lower epidermal layers. The larva remains in this large, roomy mine
until ready to pupate. Pupation occurs in sand or soil at the base
of the plant.

The larvae are abundant in the Grand Coulee, where nearly all
plants of Sphaeralcea mMnroana, which are numerous, are heavily
infested. The leaves are badly discolored owing to the thoroughness
with which they are mined.

ry/>e.— U.S.N.M. No. 52076.

Type locality. — Park Lake, Grant County, Grand Coulee, Wash.

Food plant. — Sphaeralcea munroana (Dougl.) Spach.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, 5 $ and 4 9 paratypes
(V-15 to VI-12, 1935, J. F. G. Clarke). Paratypes in United States
National Museum, Canadian National, and H. H. Keifer collections.

MARTYRHILDA NIVALIS (Braun)

Plate 25, Figures 150, 150a ; Plate 40, Ftgltre 231

Agonopteryx nivalis Braun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 73, p. 10, 1921.

Agonopteris nivalis (Braun) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Can-
ada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidopteru), No. 8419,
1939.

Depressaria nivalis (Braun) Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92,
p. 334, 1939.

Labial palpus white except for some light-brown scaling on the out-
side of second segment. Antenna fuscous. Head, thorax, and fore and
hind wings white; slightly beyond base of fore wing, in inner angle
and along inner margin, a faint light-brown shade ; two discal spots,
obliquely one above the other, at basal third, another, larger, white-
centered discal spot at end of cell, a series of spots along costa and

140 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

around termen and sparse irrorations over entire surface of fore wing
fuscous to blackish fuscous. Legs and abdomen white, the former
strongly suffused with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample, gently tapering toward cucullus, the
latter rounded. Sacculus strongly sclerotized; both arms of clasper
very slender, sharply pointed, the transverse arm arising well before
middle of harpe and reaching two-thirds distance toward costa. Anel-
lus a weakly sclerotized broad plate with well developed, slightly hairy,
lateral lobes. Transtilla a weakly sclerotized band with well developed
lateral lobes. Aedeagus slender, slightly curved, not appreciably com-
pressed, bluntly pointed with elongate, spinulate patch on vesica. Vin-
culum rounded. Gnathos an oval spined knob. Socii weakly sclero-
tized, sparsely hairy, fleshy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Ostium small, round, without strongly sclero-
tized area laterally. Ductus bursae membranous, slender, inception of
ductus seminalis on right side just before ostium. Bursa copula trix
large, pear-shaped, with strongly sclerotized oval signum.

Alar expanse, 21-23 imii.

Type. — In collection of Dr. A. F. Braun, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Type locality. — Two Medicine Lake, Glacier National Park, Mont.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — ^Western United States and Canada in Mountains.

United States records

"Washington: Skyline Ridge, Mount Baker district, Wliatcom County, alt. 6,000
feet, 5,399 (26-VII-25 and 16-VIII-30, J. F, G. Clarke).

Wyoming: Green River Lake, Wind River Range, 12 5 5 , 9 (July 24 to August
7, 1935, A. B. Klots).

Canadian records

Alberta: Lake Louise, $ ("VIII-1918").

Remarks. — ^This is one of three known white species in this genus
from North America. The others, canella and sordidella (new spe-
cies) , cannot be confused with it.

Dr. Braun has compared a male with her type and has kindly
verified my determination of the species.

The venation is subject to considerable variation, one female having,
on the right side, an accessory cell in the fore wing between veins 9
and 11 that is included in the discal cell ; vein 7 of the hind wing is
forked.

MARTYRHILDA HILDAELLA, new species

Plate 24, Fioxtkes 148, 148a

Labial palpus sordid whitish ; second segment with sparse black and
fuscous irrorations exteriorly, mostly confined to basal half, and with
slight infuscation in the undivided slender brush; third segment im-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 141

maculate. Antenna grayish fuscous with narrow fuscous annulations.
Head, thorax, and base of fore wing sordid whitish, the latter diffused
along costa to slightly beyond basal third ; tegula with a pale brownish
suffusion toward apex ; fore wing strongly irrorated with contrasting
black spots, especially along veins; in the light basal patch, slightly
below costa, a conspicuous black spot; beyond basal patch a transverse
dark fuscous dash, which does not reach costa and which rapidly fades
to a pale brownish ochreous, becomes stronger in color from middle to
apical third, where it is followed by sordid whitish or cinereous and
is narrowly diffused along costa to apex ; at middle of cell a conspicuous
though small black discal spot ; at end of cell a white discal spot edged
with black ; above and below the latter spot considerable black scaling
fusing with the brownish-ochreous shade; from apical third of costa,
around termen to inner margin a series of blackish dashes edged in-
wardly and narrowly with pale yellowish brown; whole surface of
wing somewhat lustrous and appearing predominantly gi'ay; cilia
light fuscous, darker basally. Hind wing shining grayish fuscous;
cilia brownish fuscous with a fuscous basal band. Legs ochreous-white
strongly overlaid and suffused with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen
light grayish fuscous with some cinereous and white scales mixed and
with a median longitudinal fuscous shade beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather broad, clothed with coarse hairs in
outer half; basal half heavily sclerotized except for a small naem-
branous median area; costa and ventral margin parallel and evenly
curved ; cucullus rounded ; sacculus rather narrow, very strongly sclero-
tized; clasper divided, the longitudinal arm produced as a strong
pointed extension of the sacculus, the transverse arm a slender pointed
process extending but slightly beyond middle of harpe. Anellus a
broad, subrectangular plate with large hairy lateral lobes, concave
posterior edge and broad sagittate basal process. Aedeagus stout,
moderately long, gently curved; vesica armed with a large elongate
patch of rather strong cornuti. Vinculum narrov. ly rounded. Trans-
tilla a narrow sclerotized band with large hairy lateral lobes. Gnathos
oval. Tegumen truncate. Socii fleshy, hairy lobes.

Alar expanse, 18-21 mm.

Type. — In the Canadian National Collection.

Paratypes. — U. S. N. M. No. 53259 ; also in the Canadian National
Collection.

Type locality. — Cameron Bay, Great Bear Lake, Northwest Terri-
tories, Canada.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type and 5 $ paratypes all from
the type locality ( 8-12-VII-1937, T. N. Freeman). I have seen no
females.

142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

MARTYRHILDA KLAMATHIANA (Walsingham)

Plate 25, Figure 151 ; Plate 41, Figube 234

Depressaria Idamathiana Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1S81, p. 314,
pi. 36, fig. 4. — Riley, m Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5267, 1891.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 740, 1902 ; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. BuU. 52, No. 5868, 1903.— Keaefott', in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6411, 1903. — BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 27, p. 762, 1904.— Dyae, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 934, 1904.—
Andeeson, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1091, 1904. — •
Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in
Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 328, 1939.

Agonopteryx JdamatMana (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 198, 1908.

Agonoptcrix klamathiana (Walsingham) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepi-
doptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera). No. 8435, 1939.

Agnopteryx klamathiana (Walsingham) Baenes and McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6441, 1917.

Depressaria cinifiuaella Walsingham (not Zeller), Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 256, 1889. —
Riley, m Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5259, 1891. —
BuscK (not Zeller), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 740, 1902; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5869, 1903.— KKVEForr, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6412, 1903. — Andeeson, Catalogue of
British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1092, 1904. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera
insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 176, 1922 (part). — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 92, p. 314, 1939.

Agonopteryx ciniflonella Busck (not Zeller), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 198,
1908.

Agnopteryx ciniflonella Baenes and McDunnough (not Zeller), Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6440, 1917.

Agonopterix ciniflonella McDunnough (not Zeller), Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8436, 1939.

Labial palpus gray; second segment strongly mixed with reddish
fuscous; third segment with a broad, fuscous annulus before apex.
Antenna reddish gray. Thorax, base of fore wing, and costa to about
middle sordid whitish ; anterior part of thorax suffused with reddish
fuscous ; ground color of fore wing reddish gray strongly suffused with
reddish fuscous; at basal third two obliquely placed black discal dashes
of raised scales followed by white or grayish scales ; beyond this light
patch a fuscous shade ; at the end of cell a white discal spot margined
by blackish fuscous ; around termen a series of fuscous dots ; cilia dull
reddish with a narrow, fuscous median band ; under side of costa nar-
rowly edged with carmine. Hind wing grayish fuscous; cilia light
fuscous with a rosy tinge and a fuscous basal band. Legs grayish
overlaid with fuscous and strongly suffused with carmine. Abdomen
grayish fuscous above; beneath sordid whitish with a broken, black
lateral line on each side.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 143

Male genitalia. — Harpe with the apical and basal portion just below
costa clothed with coarse hairs ; marginal hairs fine ; sacculus heavily
sclerotized; clasper divided; transverse arm straight, slender, arising
at or before middle of harpe and reaching to or slightly beyond costa ;
at the base of the arm a sclerotized portion forming a short, sharp
thorn (in some specimens this is scarcely noticeable) ; the other arm
is short, sharply pointed and parallel to the sacculus; cucullus
rounded. Anellus a rectangular plate, deeply cleft on the posterior
edge; lateral lobes weak. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus broad
dorsoventrally and compressed laterally. The dorsal edge is strongly
sclerotized ; both ends slightly enlarged ; vesica with a spinulate patch
at middle. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band ; lateral lobes large,
not fused. Gnathos a spined oval knob. The gnathos varies slightly
in different specimens. Socii broad hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, with two narrow, raised
ridges posterior to ostium. Ostimn small, roimd and situated at ex-
treme anterior edge of plate. Ductus bursae membranous, short, and
tapering into the bursa copulatrix. The latter is large, asymmetrical.
Signum an elongate-oval, sclerotized, scobinate plate, extending almost
the entire length of the bursa.

Alar expanse, 20-25 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Fort Klamath, Oreg.

Food plant. — Apple?

Distribution. — Western United States and Canada as far east as
Ontario.

United States Records

Montana: Ravalli County, 3 $$,9 (1-29-33, from magpie nests).
Oregon: Fort Klamath, 2 $ $ (IX-20-71, Walsingham).

Washington: Bellingham, ? (VIII-22-26, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Logan Hill, Chehalis,
3 5 5,29? (11-16 to in-28-30, T. M. Clarke).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Duncan, $ (Apr. 1-7, Hanham) ; Fraser Mills, 5 (IX-5-20,
L. E. Marmont) ; Hazelton, $ (IX, 14-21, W. B. Anderson) ;' Kalso, $
(IV-24-15, J. W. Cockle) ; Marron Lake, $ (Apr. 1924, C. B. Green) ; Quami-
chan Lake, Vancouver Island, $ (IX-27-02) ; Vancouver, $ (III-18-96,
Livingston) ; Victoria, $ (IV-18-17, E. H. Blackmore), $ (VIII-29-23, K. F.
Auden), $ (III-10-23, W. R. Carter) ; Wellington, 3 5 5,6 5 $ (V-25-07,
April [3 specimens] ; 3 specimens, III-22-03, G. "W. Taylor).

Ontario: Hymers, 2 5 5 (no date or collector) ; Ottawa, 5 (II 1-18-05, C. H.
Young).

RenypLvks. — After studying 45 specimens and 29 wing and genitalia
slides, I am convinced that all the above material is referable to this
species. I admit that the series studied shows many minor superficial
differences existing between specimens. In genitalia, however, even

144 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

though slight variations occur, there are no major differences and none
which would separate one group of specimens from another.

In addition, some specimens are more gray than others, having little
of the red scaling that is characteristic of the species ; others possess a
white, rather than gray, head.

The European ciniflonella is a gray species with very narrow wings.
The costa is not strikingly lighter as in most specimens of Mamathiana.
One or two North American specimens I have seen approach cmi-floneTla
very closely. The wing form appears to vary considerably due to the
differences in length of veins ^9 of the fore wing. In some specimens
these veins are considerably longer than in others, and the fore wings
are correspondingly longer. It is possible that what I consider Ma-
mathiana actually includes more than one species, or one in a state of
flux, but this entire group {Jdmnathiana^ sciadojm, cinifloneUa, and a
fourth unnamed) represents a very difficult complex of species. Only
careful rearing will determine the status of these.

MARTYRHILDA SCIADOPA (Meyrick)

Plate 24, Figures 149, 149a ; Plate 41, Figuee 236

Depressaria sciadopa Meykick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 315, 1920 ; in

Wytsman, Genera iiisectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 176, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk,

Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 348, 1939.
Affonopterix sciadopa (Meyrick) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8434, 1939.

This species is like the foregoing, kh?7iathiana, but lacks the red
or brown scaling of that species, is without carmine suffusion, and
averages smaller in size.

Labial palpus whitish gray; second segment irrorated and suffused
with grayish fuscous exteriorly; third segment with broad supra-
medial grayish-fuscous annulus. Antenna grajdsh fuscous above,
whitish gray beneath. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing
whitish gray. Head lightly irrorated with grayish fuscous. Thorax
strongly overlaid with grayish fuscous and irrorated with black, the
darker colors almost obscuring the lighter ground color. Fore wing
suffused with grayish fuscous and irrorated with black; extreme
base of wing and basal half of costa whitish gray strigulated with
grayish fuscous and with a small black spot near base slightly inside
the costal edge; beyond the light costal and basal areas a strong
blackish to grayish fuscous shade rapidly fading to the light ground
color slightly beyond basal third; a similar, but smaller, dark shade
at middle of wing; at basal third a pair of small black discal spots,
one above the other, followed by white scales; sometimes these two
spots are confluent, forming a short, outwardly oblique black dash ; at
the end of cell a small white spot edged with black ; at apical fourth a

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 145

narrow, faint, outwardly curved grayish-fuscous shade; along costa
and around termen a series of small black spots ; cilia whitish gray ir-
rorated with grayish fuscous. Hind wing whitish gray basally, gray-
ish fuscous apically; cilia whitish gray with a grayish-fuscous
subbasal band. Legs whitish gray overlaid and suffused with grayish
fuscous except at joints. Abdomen whitish gray suffused with gray-
ish fuscous above and with a poorly defined row of black spots on
each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather heavily sclerotized except for the
cucullus and a small area about the middle; cucullus and the sclero-
tized costal area moderately clothed with fine hairs (the cucullus of
one male is considerably rounded while those of four other males are
somewhat pointed) ; clasper strongly sclerotized; the free transverse
arm originating about the middle of the harpe; longitudinal arm
short, sharply pointed ; sacculus heavily sclerotized. Anellus a narrow
concave plate forming a trough on which the aedeagus articulates;
lateral lobes weak. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus stout, slightly
curved, very much compressed, rather broad dorsoventrally, constricted
at about the middle; dorsal edge heavily sclerotized; vesica armed
with a patch of very small cornuti. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized
band with well-developed lateral lobes. Gnathos an oval spined knob,
Socii fleshy lobes clothed with fine hairs. Apex of tegumen bluntly
pointed ; ventral edges with rather well developed outgrowths. Abdo-
men of male heavily sclerotized.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad with the small romid ostium
situated at the extreme anterior edge. Ductus bursae short, membra-
nous, stout, tapering into the large asymmetrical bursa copulatrix;
signum an elongate sclerotized plate with small thornlike projections
covering the surface.

Alar expanse, 15-19 mm.

Tyjye. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Field, British Columbia, Canada.

Distribution. — Canada and northeastern United States.

United States records

New Hampshire: Jefferson, 2 $ $ (30-III-36, 21-X-1936, A. E. Brower).
New York: Oswegatchie, 5, 2 $ $ (31-III-33, A. B. Klots).

Canadian records

Alberta: Edmonton, 2 S $, 2 ? 5 (IV-10-21, K. Bowman) ; 3 9 ? (IV-ij to
13-24, Owen Bryant) ; Red Deer, 7 5 5,1? (VI-1 to 16-23, K. Bowman).

Manitoba: Aweme, 1 5,5 5? (XI-9-05), $ (III-31-04), ? (IX-29-20), $, ?
(X-16-20), all collected by N. Griddle; Cartwright, $ (XI-23-05, E. F.
Heath) ; Winnipeg, $ (no date, A. W. Hanham).

Ontario: Ottawa, $ ( X-1 7-07, C. H. Young).

Quebec: Chelsea, 5 (IV-21-23, J. McDunnough).
2S6G14 — 41 8

146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

RemarJcs. — This species, Mamathiana^ ciniflonella^ and a few mis-
cellaneous unnamed specimens form a very complex group in which the
species are exceedingly difficult to separate. On genitalia it is difficult
to separate one from the other, only one specimen, an unnamed unique
female from the Moscow Mountains, Idaho, showing good specific
characters in the genitalia. The harpes of sciadopa are clothed with
seemingly finer hairs than those found in Jdaviathiana or cinifionella^
but this character, even though probably sufficient to distinguish
sciadopa from the others, fails in separating the latter two. The point
of origin of the transverse arm of the clasper and the comparative
lengths seem to be the safest characters for separating the males of
the two species. The length of the wings of cinifioneUa is proportion-
ately greater than in klamathiana, but I am skeptical of the value of
this character. In some long reared series of other species both long-
and short-winged forms are found. In some specimens the lengthen-
ing of the wings seems to be retarded. The venation shows some vari-
ation in all species, thus eliminating venation as a means of specific
separation.

On pattern and size it is possible, with exceptions, to distinguish the
three; sciadopa may be separated from the other two by its much
smaller size, grayer appearance, and total absence of brown or red
scales. Under this name I place with some doubt the specimens listed
above. Meyrick's description of sciadopa could actually fit any one of
two or three species before me, but because of the type locality and the
fact that Meyrick has placed sciadopa in the '■'■cini-fionella group." I
prefer to use his name instead of proposing another. An examination
of the type will be necessary to determine definitely what the name
really represents.

3. BIBARRAMBLA, new genus
PL.VTE 4, FiGTTRES 29, 30 ; Plate 9, Figxtbes 65, 65a ; Plate 18, Figube 109

Genotype. — Semioscopis alleneUa Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Ent.
Soc, vol. 10, p. 174, 1882.

Similar to Agonopterix but the second segment of the labial palpus
without furrow ; socii and uncus fused to form hood.

Head with appressed scales; side tufts spreading; antenna simple
in both sexes ; basal segment short, with pecten. Labial palpus long,
recurved, second segment much longer than third, without furrow.
Thorax with two minute crests. Abdomen not flattened. Fore wing
with arched costa ; scale tufts present ; 12 veins ; 2 and 3 stalked from
angle; 2 and 3, 4 and 5 closely approximate; 7 and 8 stalked, both to
costa; stalk of 7 and 8 approximate to 9; 11 from well before middle;
termen straight, oblique.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing ; 8 veins ; 3 and 4 connate ; 6 and 7
subparallel.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 147

Male genitalia. — With clasper. Anellus well developed, without
lateral processes. Uncus and socii fused. Gnathos a spined knob.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized, signum
present.

Remarks. — This genus is closely allied to Agonopterix.

BIBARRAMBLA ALLENELLA (Walsingham), new combination

Plate 4, Figures 29, 30 ; Plate 9, Figures 65, 65a ; Plate IS, Figure 109

Semioscopis alleiieUa Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Eat. Soc, vol. 10, p. 174, 1882. —
BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5894, 1903 ; Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.— Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6489, 1917. — Meyeick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 186, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera ) , No. 8464, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,
pt. 92, p. 369, 1939.

Agonopteryx allenella (Walsingham) Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat
Memoir 68, p. 241, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101,
p. 545, 1928. — Procter, Biological survey of the Moimt Desert region: The
insect fauna, p. 273, 1938.

Labial palpus sordid whitish; second segment shaded with fuscous
on basal half and irrorated distally; slightly before apex a naiTOW,
incomplete, brownish-fuscous annulus; third segment with a spot an-
teriorly at base and a broad, supra-medial annulus brownish fuscous.
Antenna sordid whitish, narrowly annulated with fuscous; basal seg-
ment fuscous above. Head, thorax, and fore wing grayish white, suf-
fused and irrorated with fuscous ; at basal third, in cell, two fuscous
discal spots (sometimes confluent) of raised scales followed by some
ochreous scaling and with a few scales of white mixed; at the end of
cell a black-edged white discal spot of raised scales followed by some
ochreous scaling; along costa, and around termen to inner margin, a
series of fuscous spots; costa narrowly edged with pink (this pink
tint is obscure in some specimens but is strongly continued through the
cilia in others) ; cilia sordid whitish with a broad, pale grayish-fuscous
subbasal band. Hind wing pale grayish fuscous, darker apically;
cilia sordid whitish with a broad, pale grayish fuscous subbasal band.
Legs sordid whitish suffused and annulated with fuscous except at
joints and on hind tibia, the latter with pale ochreous suffusion and a
faint pink tint. Abdomen pale ochreous suffused with fuscous above.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad ba sally, tapering to the pointed cucul-
lus, hairy ; sacculus broad, strongly sclerotized, clasper stout, dilated
distally, recurv^ed. Anellus a large sclerotized plate, pointed an-
teriorly, slightly concave posteriorly and without lateral hairy lobes.
Aedeagus long, slender, narrowly S-shaped; basally, on ventral side
a small, flat protuberance; vesica armed with minute cornuti. Vin-
culum broad, rounded, with a well-developed dorsoanterior process.

148 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. oo

Transtilla a narrow, weakly sclerotized band with small hairy lateral
lobes. Gnathos a spined, oval knob. Socii small, hairy, fused with
uncus to form a narrow hood.

Female genitalia: — Genital plate narrow, produced anteriorly,
strongly sclerotized ; anterior edge produced ventrally to form a small
shelf. Ostium small, elongate ; on each side a shallow, narrow cavity.
Ductus bursae membranous, slender, gradually tapering into the large
bursa copulatrix; ductus seminalis opening just before ostium. Sig-
num a small, strongly sclerotized plate with two or three strong teeth.

Alar expanse, 19-22 mm.

Ty^pe. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Maine ( ? ) .

Food plants. — Alniis sp. ; oak; birch.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

District of Columbia: Washington, S (May 1902, A. Busck).

Maine: Kingsfield, $ (lO-VII-1936, no collector) ; Rangeley, 5 (12-VII-1936,

v. H. dos Passos) ; Sebec Lake, $,299 (June and July; no collector) ;

Wales, $ (21-VI-1907; uocoUector).
Maryland: Plummers Island, 3 $ $ (May and August 1903, 1919, A. Busck).
New Hampshire: Center Harbor, $ (July 27, 1902, H. G. Dyar) ; Dublin, 2 $ $

(no date; A. Busck) ; Hampton, $ (4-VII-1906, S. A. Shaw).
New Jersey: Essex County Park, $ (ll-VI-1899, W. D. Kearfott).
New York: McLean, Rhinebeck, Lond Island, etc. {teste Forbes).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 19 S $, 8 5 5 (May and June dates, 1901-1907,

H. D. Merrick).
Virginia: Upton, 5 (25-IV-1913, F. Johansen [Hopkins No. 9861d]).

Canadian records

Nova Scotia: Petite Riviere (July 11-18, 1935, J. McDunnough) ; S. Milford
(June 29, 30, 1934, J. McDunnough) ; White Point Beach (July 1934 and
Feb. 8, 1936 [indoor record?] J. McDunnough).

Ontario: Biseotasing (June 14-20, 1931, K. Schedl) ; Ottawa (June 3-24, 1906,
C. H. Young; July 19, 1926, C. H. Curran).

Quebec: Alcove (July 8, 1936, F. A. Urquhart) ; Brome (June 4, 1936, G. S.
Walley) ; Gracefield (June 16, 1937, O. Peck) ; Kazubazua (June 8, 1927, F. P.
Ide) ; Knowlton (Feb. 13, 1930 [indoor record?], J. McDunnough) ; Meach
Lake (July 20, C. H. Young) ; Mount Lyall (July 15, 16, 1933, W. J. Brown).

Reniarhs. — Forbes correctly removed allenella from Semioscopis, but
I do not agree with him in placing it in Agonopterix. The genus is
close to Agonopterix^ but the absence of the furrow or brush on the
labial palpus, absence of lateral lobes of the anellus, fused socii and
uncus in the male, and the unique signum of the female indicate that
this species is generically distinct.

The genotype is the only species I have seen referable to this genus.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 149

4. Genus SEMIOSCOPIS Hubner

Plate 2, Figuke 15; Plate 5, Figuee 35; Plate 11, Figures 73, 73a;
Plate 16, Figure 97

Semioscopis Hubnee, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 402, 1826. —
Walsingham, Trans. Aruer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10, p. 174, 1882. — Riley, m Smith,
List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 99, 100, 1891. — Dyar, Can. Ent., vol.
34, p. 319-320, 1902.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 523, 1903.—
Keabfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 114, 1903.—
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908. — K&vrfott, in Smith,
Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 562, 1910. — Busck, Journ. Ent
Zool., Claremont, vol. 5, p. 100, 1913. — Barnes and JIcDu^nough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 161, 1917. — ^Meyrick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 186, 1922. — Foubes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat., Memoir 68, p. 234-244, 1923. (Genotype: Phalaenae Tortrix steinkell-
ncriana Schiffermtiller, Systematisches Verzeichniss der Schmetterlinge der
Weiuer Gegend, p. 130, 1776). — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,
pt. 92, p. 369, 1939.

Epiffraphia Steiphens, Catalogue of British insects, p. 304, 1872. — Grote, North
Amer. Ent., vol. 1, p. 53, 1880.— Walsingham, Trana. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol.
10, p. 174, 1882. — Beutenmtjlleb, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New
Jersey, p 355, 1890. — Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey,
p. 473, 1900. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 185-186,
1922. (Genotype: Tinea avellanella Hiibuer, Sammlung europiiischer Schmet-
terlinge, No. 8, fig. 27, 1796.)

Head smooth, side tufts somewhat spreading. Tongue developed
but short. Antenna shortly ciliated in male, simple in female ; basal
segment without pecten. Labial palpus moderatel}'^ long, curved ; sec-
ond segment with appressed scales which protrude at apex ; terminal
segment much shorter than second, slender, acute.

Fore wing ample, elongate ; 12 veins ; 2 and 3 approximate, connate
or stalked, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa or apex, 11 from well before
middle.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing, ovate; 8 veins; 3 and 4 closely
approximate or connate.

31 ale genitalia. — Harpe elongate; sacculus frequently produced.
Anellus with lateral processes that are sometimes reduced. Transtilla
membranous; lateral lobes usually slender, digitate but greatly re-
duced. Gnathos a spined, oval knob. Socii mainly indicated by hairs.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae membranous or partially sclero-
tized ; signum present.

Remarks. — Meyrick ^^ separates Epigraphia from Semloscopis on the
condition of veins 2 and 3 of the fore wing (stalked or separate), yet
he ignores this same character in the case of Agonopterix and Depres-
saria except to use it to divide Depressaria into two sections. In Semio-
scopis veins 2 and 3 are much more unstable than in Agonopterix and
Depressaria., indicating that Semioscopis is in a state of flux and not

Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 185-186, 1922.

150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. »o

yet clearly definable into two genera. I have examined several hun-
dred specimens and find that veins 2 and 3 of the fore wing vary from
remote to stalked in every species, frequently differing on the two sides
of a specimen. The genitalia support the view that in the case of the
species of Semioscopis we are actually dealing with one genus. In
Agonopterix and Depressaria their separation is supported by geni-
talic evidence.

Busck ^® recognized six species in this genus. Forbes '^ later removed
alleneUa to Agonopterioo. For this species I have erected a new genus.
Two species, mcdunnoughi and hraunae^ are described as new in this
paper bringing to a total of seven the number of species for the genus.

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SEMIOSCOPIS BASED ON
COLORATION

1. Fore wing with a dark, outwardly curved bar at end of cell 2

Fore wing without such bar at end of ceU; ground color gray or

whitish, strongly irrorated with grayish fuscous and without

large, conspicuous dark spots or dashes inornata Walsingham (p. 155)

2. Discal mark continued toward base as a straight or curved bar or

series of short lines 4

Discal mark not continued toward base 3

3. Fore wing sordid whitish marked with small contrasting black

irrorations braunae, new species (p. 159)

Fore wing whitish gray marked with small black irrorations and

generally suffused with fuscous megamicrella Dyar (p. 157)

4. Discal mark continued toward base as a strongly contrasted

curved bar 5

Discal mark not continued toward base as a curved bar 6

5. Discal bar reaching base of fore wing packardella (Clemens) (p. 151)

Discal bar sharply terminated at basal third of fore wing.

merriccella Dyar (p. 153)

6. Second segment of labial palpus suffused with blackish on distal

half; third segment contrastingly marked black and white

aurorella Dj-ar (p. 160)
Second segment of labial palpus almost wholly blackish exteri-
orly; third segment weakly mottled black and white

mcdunnoughi, new species (p. 162)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SEMIOSCOPIS BASED ON MALE
GENITALIA

1. Ventral margin of sacculus with prominent extension (figs. 137, 138, etc.). 2
Ventral margin of sacculus without prominent extension (fig. 135) 6

2. Extension of sacculus slender, simple, pointed (fig. 137)

inornata Walsingham (p. 155)
Extension of sacculus otherwise 3

3. Extension of sacculus bifurcate (figs. 140, 141) 4

Extension of sacculus otherwise (figs. 138, 139) 5

M Busck, A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.

ST Forbes, W. T. M., CorneU Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 241, 1923.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 151

4. Vesica with one or two slender cornuti (fig. 141) _ merriccella Dyar (p. 153)
Vesica with cluster of slender cornuti (fig. 140)

packardella (Clemens) (p. 151)

5. Outer dorsal edge of sacculus evenly curved (fig. 138)

megamicrella Dyar (p. 157)
Outer dorsal edge of sacculus sharply angulate (fig. 139)

braunae, new species (p. 159)

6. Vesica armed with a stout, moderately short curved cornutus (fig.

135a) aurorella Dyar (p. 160)

Vesica armed with a stout, long, straight cornutus (fig. 136)

mcdunnoughi, new species (p. 162)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SEMIOSCOPIS BASED ON FEMALE
GENITALIA

1. Ductus bursae with a conspicuous, large sclerotized area (figs.

223, 224, 226) 2

Ductus bursae membranous or with a minute subtriangular

sclerotized area adjacent to ostium (figs. 225, 227, 228) 4

2. Ductus bursae sclerotized adjacent to bursa copulatrix (fig. 223)

aurorella Dyar (p. 160)
Ductus bursae membranous adjacent to bursa copulatrix (figs. 224, 226) — 3

3. Ostial opening as narrow as or narrower than portion of genital

plate posterior to it; loop of ductus bursae sclerotized for less

than half its length (fig. 224) bravmae, new species (p. 159)

Ostial opening wider than portion of genital plate posterior to it;
loop of ductus bursae sclerotized for more than half of its length
(fig. 226) megamicrella Dyar (p. 157)

4. Ovipositor lobes armed with hooked macrosetae (fig. 225)

inomata Walsingham (p. 155)
Ovipositor lobes without hooked macrosetae 5

5. Bursa copulatrix elongate, definitely asymmetrical; signum

minute, in posterior part of bursa (fig. 228a) _ packardella (Clemens) (p. 151)
Bursa copulatrix oval, not definitely asymmetrical; signum small,

about middle of bursa copulatrix (fig. 227) merriccella Dyar (p. 153)

SEMIOSCOPIS PACKARDELLA (Clemens)

Plate 23, Figuke 140, 140a ; Plate 40, Figubes 228, ^8a

Enicostoma pacJi-ardclla Clemens, Proc. Ent. See. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 125,
1S63 ; in Staiuton, The Tineina of North America, p. 231, 1872.— Bxtsok, Proc.
Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 214, 1903.

Semioscopis packardella (Clemens) Dyab, Can. Ent., vol. 34, p. 319, 1902. —
Busck, m Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 52, No. 5893, 1903; Proc. Ent. Soc.
Washington, vol. 5, p. 214, 1903. — Keakfott, in Smith, Check List of the Lepi-
doptera of Boreal America, No. 643G, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 201, 1908. — Baknes and aicDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6484, 1917. — Fokees, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 68, p. 244, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928.

Epigraphia packardella (Clemens) Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila-
delphia, vol. 10, p. 174, 1SS2. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 186, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada

152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8459, 1939
[cited as synonym of Epigraphia steinkellneriana (Scliiftermiiller)].
Epigraphia eruditeUa Gkote, North Amer. Ent., vol. 1, p. 53, pi. 5, fig. 12, 1880.—
Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectornm, fasc. 180, p. 186, 1922. — Mc-
DuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8459, 1939 [cited as synonym of
Epigraphia stemkelhieriana (Schiffermiiller)].

Labial palpus sordid white ; second segment overlaid with blackish
fuscous exteriorly, except at base and apex, and lightly suffused with
pink ; third segment with a small black spot at base anteriorly and a
broad, black subapical annulus. Antenna light fuscous, narrowly an-
nulated with gray. Head with the scales light brown, tipped with
white and appearing gray. Thorax gray suffused with brown ante-
riorly and with a faint carmine tint. Fore wing light shining gray
marked with numerous faint, short transverse strigulae ; at the end of
cell an outwardly curved transverse black bar continued as a longitudi-
nal curved black line to extreme base of costa ; between the bar at the
end of the cell and the costa two longitudinal brown-edged black
dashes (sometimes fused) followed on costa by a small, indistinct light
brown shade; costa marked with poorly defined, light-brown spots
and dashes and narrowly edged with pink to slightly beyond middle ;
around termen to inner margin a series of small black spots; cilia
pale gray with a light-brown suffusion outwardly. Hind wing pale,
shining gray, darker apically; cilia paler, with narrow light brown
bands. Legs pale ochreous-white overlaid exteriorly, except joints
and hind tibiae, with blackish fuscous; pale areas with a faint pink
tint. Abdomen sordid ochreous with a slight fuscous suffusion
beneath.

Male genitalia. — Very similar to memccella^ differing primarily in
characters of the aedeagus.

Harpe long, rather narrow, slightly wider before cucullus ; costa and
cucullus sclerotized, area between membranous; cucullus narrow,
rounded ; sacculus produced to form a large forked process. Anellus
long, strongly curved posteriorly to form a semicylinder ; basolateral
lobes reduced to slight swellings, chiefly indicated by hairs. Aedeagus
long, sharply curved, pointed; vesica armed with an elongate patch
of small straight cornuti. Vinculum rounded. Lobes of transtilla
long, digitate, hairy, fused with anellus at base. Tegumen roimded.
Socii reduced to small hairy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Much as in merriccella but differing by the
longer bursa and minute signum. Genital plate narrow, broadened
at middle to form the cup-shaped ostium. Ductus bursae a long,
slender, convoluted tube with a small, subtriangular sclerotized area
near ostium; inception of ductus seminalis at the sclerotized part.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 153

Bursa copulatrix large, definitely asymmetrical, elongate; sigiium a
minute toothed plate in posterior end of bursa.

Alar expanse, 21-28 mm.

Type. — In the Acadamy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — Not stated; probably Massachusetts.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

Maine: Bar Harbor, $ (2-V-1936, A. E. Brower).

Michigan: No specific locality, $, 9 (male without date; 2, 14-V-1885,

Gillette).
New Jersey: Montclair, S, 9 (13-V-1900, l-V-1899, W. D. Kearfott).
New York: Ithaca, Big Indian Valley, Albany (ace. Forbes).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 $ S, 9 (18-IV-1911, A. F. Braun).
Pennsylvania: Franconia, Montgomery County, 2 (no date or collector) ; New

Brighton, 3$S, 35$ (April 1902-1908, H. D. Merrick); Oak Station,

Allegheny County, 76$, 52$ (April and May dates, 1902-1915, Fred

MarlofE) .

Canadian records

Manitoba: Cartwright, 2 (no date; E. F. Heath).

Quebec: Burbridge (May 25, 1937, F. A. Urquhart) ; Meach Lake (April 27, 1899,
C. H. Young).
Remarks. — This species will probably be found throughout the
mid western United States and Canada as far west as British
Columbia.

SEMIOSCOPIS MERRICCELLA Dyar

Plate 23, Figitee 141 ; Plate 40, Figure 227

Semioscopis merriccella Dyab, Can. Ent., vol. 34, p. 319, 1902. — Keaefott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6437, 1903.—
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.— Barnes and McDun-
NOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 64S5, 1917. —
Forces, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 224, 1923 ; in Leonard,
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., IMemoir 101, p. 546, 1928.

Epigraphia merrickella Meyiiick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 186, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and
the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8459, 1939
[amended spelling for S. mcrrUccUa Dyar and cited as synonym of
Epigraphia steinkellneriana (SchifEermiiller) ].

Labial palpus white ; second segment suffused with blackish fuscous
exteriorly ; third segment with a fuscous spot at base anteriorly and a
broad black subapical annulus. Antemia with basal segment blackish
fuscous ; remainder light fuscous, narrowly and indistinctly annulated
with gray. Head and thorax gray, the latter rather strongly suffused
with fuscous. Fore wing light, shining gray lightly shaded and
strigulated with brown ; costa, from base to middle of wing, lighter ;
at the end of cell an outwardly curved blackish-fuscous bar followed

154 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

by a rapidly fading and spreading brownish shade; between the discal
bar and costa a short, poorly defined blackish-fuscous bar followed by
a blackish-fuscous spot before apex; before the discal bar, in cell, a
conspicuous, broad, curved, longitudinal, blackish-fuscous bar, which
does not reach base of wing but is preceded by a similarly colored
narrow dash and one or two spots from base of wing at costa ; from
apex, around termen, a series of blackish-fuscous spots; cilia pale
gray lightly suffused with brown. Hind wing shining gray with a
fine terminal brown line ; cilia lighter, shining, with narrow subbasal
and two subterminal, faint brown bands. Legs shining creamy white
strongly overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints and on hind
tibiae. Abdomen sordid ochreous, faintly suffused with fuscous
beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe long, narrow, slightly wider before cucul-
lus; clasper absent, sacculus produced as a forked process; cucullus
narrow, bluntly pointed; costa and sacculus sclerotized, with area
between them membranous. Anellus a broad plate produced pos-
teriorly as a semicylinder ; basolateral lobes indicated by a few hairs.
Aedeagus long, slender, curved, terminating in a slender, curved
point; vesica armed with two, long, slender cornuti, one about half
the length of the other. Vinculum rounded. Lobes of transtilla long,
digitate, hairy, and fused with anellus at base. Tegumen rounded.
Socii mainly indicated by a few hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow. Ostium cup-shaped.
Ductus bursae a long convoluted tube with a small subtriangular
sclerotized area near ostium ; inception of ductus seminalis just before
ostium. Bursa copulatrix large, oval; signum a small toothed plate
about middle of bursa copulatrix.

Alar expanse, 24-31 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality^ — New Brighton, Pa.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and Canada to western
British Columbia.

United States records

Maine: Bar Harbor, $ (13-V-1937, A. E. Brower).
New Hampshire: Hampton, 5 (l-IV-1907, S. A. Shaw).
New York: Big Indian Valley, Albany (ace. Forbes).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 12 S S, 4 $ $ (March and April dates, 1902-
1904, H. D. Merrick).

Canadian records

British Cohimbia: Salmon Arm, $ (16-V-1922, W. R Buckell).
Manitoba: Aweme, $ (15-V-1905, N. Griddle) ; Cartwright, $ (no date, E. F.
Heath).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 155

Remarks. — This species is very much like packardella but may be
distinguished from it by the broken discal bar, its more striate
appearance, and usually larger size. The genitalia of the two species
are strikingly similar, but they can be distinguished by the characters
given in the keys.

The single male from British Columbia is worn but undoubtedly
belongs to this species. The distribution of the species indicates this
specimen might be mislabeled or only a stray although further col-
lecting may reveal that the species is well established in the far West.

SEMIOSCOPIS INORNATA Walsinghara

Plate 22, Figuees 137, 137a ; Plate 40, Figure 225

Semioscopis mornata Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10, p. 174,
1S82.— Dyae, Can. Ent., vol. 34, p. 320, 1902.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat.
Mus, Bull. 52, No. 5895, 1903. — Keaefott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6440, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 201, 1908. — Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6488, 1917.— Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera
insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 186, 1922.— Fokbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 68, p. 244, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8460, 1939.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 372, 1939.

Semioscopis inornatella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.

Labial palpus white ; second segment black externally, especially in
distal half except extreme apex; third segment with a subbasal spot
and a subapical annulus black. Antenna blackish fuscous and
broadly amiulated with white on basal third, the color fading to a
light yellowish fuscous, and the annulations disappearing, apically.
Head and thorax sordid white suffused and clouded with grayish
fuscous. Fore wing sordid white, profusely irrorated and suffused
with grayish fuscous; outer discal mark reduced to two indistinct
grayish- fuscous spots edged with whitish scales; at basal third two
blackish-fuscous spots, one above the other; costa spotted with gray-
ish fuscous especially before apex; around termen a series of poorly
defined blackish-fuscous spots ; cilia sordid white with basal and nar-
row subterminal bands light grayish fuscous. Hind wing shining
grayish fuscous, cilia sordid white with subbasal and narrow subter-
minal bands light grayish fuscous. Fore and middle legs sordid white
strongly overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints; posterior
leg pale ochreous- white ; femur and tarsus suffused with fuscous.
Abdomen dull ochreous above, whitish ochreous beneath with a poorly
defined fuscous line on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad basally, narrowed beyond the ventral
extension of the sacculus, sacculus moderately and narrowly sclero-

156 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

tized and produced as a long bluntly pointed process; cucullus nar-
row, rounded ; clasper absent. Anellus an elongate sclerotized plate,
convex laterally beyond middle and basolaterally produced to form
small, hairy lobes; posterior edge deeply and broadly V-shaped.
Aedeagus stout, long, twisted, terminating in a blunt point; vesica
armed with a single, stout, forked cornutus. Vinculum rounded.
Lobes of transtilla rather thick, clothed with thick, short hairs apic-
ally and fused to harpe. Tegumen rounded. Socii poorly developed,
moderately hairy lobes.

Female genltal'm. — Lobes of ovipostor with conspicuous, hooked
macrosetae. Genital plate narrow, especially so at ostium where the
sclerotized portion is no more than the narrow anterior edge of the
ostium. Ductus bursae a long convoluted membranous tube; in-
ception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix
large, oval; signum a small toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 25-35 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Orono, Maine?.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States, Canada, west to British
Columbia and Alaska. The species probably will be found in some
of the Northwestern States.

United States and Alaskan records

Alaska: Rampart, 6 $ $ (no date or collector).

Illinois: Putnam County, S (8-VI-1936, Murray O. Glenn).

Maine: Orono, 3 $ $ (April; no collector).

New Jersey: Essex County Park, $, 9 (29-III-1905, 15-V-1906, W. D.

Kearfott).
New York: Ithaca, Karner (ace. Forbes).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 5 ( 25-1 V-1908, H. D. Merrick).

Canadian records

Alberta: Calgary (April 24, 190S, F. H. Wolley-Dod) ; Edmonton, 5 S $
(25-IV-1924, R. Aitcheson ; IV-26-29-1924, Owen Bryant ; 19-IV-28-IV-1921,
no collector) ; Red Deer, $ (lS-IV-1903, no collector).

British Columbia: Victoria, S $ $ (29-III-1920, 7-IV-1922, W. Downes).

Manitoba: Aweme, 7 $ S , 2 ? $ (April 3 to May 2, 1904-1905, N. Criddle; also
April 14 to May 12, 1920-1924) ; Cartwright, S $ $ (3 $ 5 -11-13-IV-1913,
no collector; 5 $ S, 7-IV-1905, E. F. Heath) ; Miniota, 9 (18-IV-1903, no
collector).

Ontario: Bells Corners (25-IV-1937, G. S. Walley) ; Biscotasing (16-V-1931,
K. Schedl) ; Constance Bay (26-IV-1935, J. McDunnough) ; Ingersoll (1-V-
1934, G. S. Walley); Merivale (2-V-1934, W. J. Brown; l-V-1936, G. S.
Walley) ; Ottawa, (21-IV-1906, C. H. Young; 18-IV-1927, G. S. Walley);
Port Hope (H. Bowers) ; Toronto (no date or collector).

Quebec: Aylmer (3-V-1923, C. H. Curran) ; Wright (19-V-1932, J. McDun-
nough).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 157

Remarks. — The British Columbia specimens, although larger and
more contrastingly marked, are otherwise indistinguishable from the
average specimens.

Walsingham did not state the type locality when he described the
species, but it is presumably Orono, Maine ; several specimens before
me with serial numbers corresponding to that of the type bear that
locality label. The type label bears an "O" ( = Orono?) in Walsing-
ham's handwriting.

The hooked macrosetae of this species are found on the European
strigidana also. These and other similarities lead me to believe that
inomata is only a race of strigulana. For the time being, however,
I am retaining inomata as a distinct species.

SEMIOSCOPIS MEGAMICRELLA Dyar

Plate 23, Figukes 138, 138a ; Plate 40, Figube 226

Semioscopis megamicrella Dyak, Can. Eiit., vol. 34, p. 820, 1902.— Ke.\efott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. G439, 1903. —
BuBCK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.— Barnes and Mc-
DiTNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6487, 1917. —
Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 186, 1022. — Forbes,
Cornell Univ. Agi-. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 244, 1923 ; m Leonard, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Esp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928. — McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2,
Microlepidoptera), No. S4G1, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum cata-
logus, pt. 92, p. 372, 1939.

Labial palpus white; second segment blackish fuscous in apical
two-thirds except for a narrow longitudinal area inwardly ; third seg-
ment with a minute subbasal spot anteriorly and subapical annulus
blackish fuscous. Antenna with basal segment blackish fuscous
above, whitish beneath; remainder light fuscous, narrowly and in-
distinctly annulated with grayish fuscous. Head, thorax, and ground
color of fore wing whitish gray irrorated with black and brown scales
and lightly shaded with fuscous ; at the end of cell a blackish-fuscous,
outwardly curved, crescentic bar (sometimes inconspicuous or broken
into a series of dots) preceded by some white scaling; at basal third
a pair of superposed blackish-fuscous dots ; in some specimens a longi-
tudinal dash of the same color; costa narrowly edged with pink (this
absent in some specimens) and spotted with blackish scales; a sub-
marginal and terminal row of blackish-fuscous spots, the former usu-
ally poorly defined ; cilia light gray, with pale fuscous subbasal and
apical bands. Hind wing shining pale grayish fuscous, cilia some-
what lighter, with pale fuscous subbasal and apical bands. Legs
sordid whitish overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints and
on hind tibiae. Abdomen light fuscous.

158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Male genitalia. — Harpe short, broad, sacculus produced as a broad
truncate sclerotized process, cucullus bluntly pointed ; clasper a small
tooth about middle of harpe. Anellus a broad oval plate narrowly
produced posteriorly, basolateral lobes small, sparsely hairy.
Aedeagus long, slender, curved and terminating in a long, slender,
curved point ; vesica armed with a slender, curved cornutus. Vinculum
narrowly rounded. Lobes of transtilla short, broad, hairy, and closely
attached to the harpe. Tegmnen rounded. Socii moderately well
developed hairy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad at ostium, nar-
rower laterally. Ostium broad with a strongly sclerotized anterior
edge. Ductus bursae convoluted, the loop of the ductus sclerotized
for more than half its length ; ostium preceded by a broadly dilated,
sclerotized part of ductus bursae; before this a narrow membranous
band, anterior to which is a longer sclerotized portion of the ductus
bursae ; inception of ductus seminalis at the dorsoposterior edge of the
latter sclerotized part. Bursa copulatrix large oval with a moderately
large toothed signum.

Alar expanse, 16-27 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — New Brighton, Pa.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and Canada westward to
Idaho and Alberta.

United States records

Idaho: Wallace, $ ( 17-1 V-23, Otto Huelleman).

Massachusetts: Foi'est Hills, $ (25-III-1930, no collector) ; Newton, $
(25-IV-1909, William ReifE) ; Winchendon, $ (12-IV-1902, no collector).

New York: Ithaca, Long Island (ace. Forbes).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 72 S $ , 15 $ 9 (March 1902-1907, H. D. Mer-
rick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County, $, $ (4-IV-1909, 23-III-1907, Fred
Marloff ) .

Canadian records

Alberta: Edmonton, $, $ (2-V-1924, Owen Bryant).

Quebec: Aylmer, $ (9-V-1932, W. J. Brown) ; Meach Lake (April 28, 1903,
O. H. Young).

Remarks. — In this species there is unusually great variation in the
size of the specimens. This variation is not associated with sex or
locality.

The Idaho and Alberta specimens are considerably darker than
the types, but I can find no other external differences, and the genitalia
are identical.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 159

SEMIOSCOPIS BRAUNAE, new species

Plate 23, Figukes 139, 139a ; Plate 40, Figure 224

Semioscopis megamicrcUa Forbes (not Dyar), in part, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 68, p. 244, 1923.

Labial palpus white, second segment suffused with blackish fuscous
except for a narrow line inwardly and at tip ; third segment with sub-
basal spot anteriorly and a subterminal annulus black. Antenna
fuscous, spotted with white above on basal fourth. Head, thorax,
and ground color of fore wing white ; the head sordid, thorax strongly
infused with grayish brown and with posterodorsal crests blackish
fuscous, and the fore wing irrorated with blackish fuscous and black ;
at the end of cell an outwardly curved crescentic discal bar and at
basal third two spots, one above the other, black ; along costa and around
termen a series of blackish-fuscous spots ; before apex, subcostally, one
or two conspicuous black spots; cilia pale grayish white, with light
brown subbasal and subterminal bands. Hind wing shining grayish
fuscous, with a narrow fuscous terminal line; cilia pale grayish white,
with light fuscous basal band and pale brownish terminal suffusion.
Legs light creamy white strongly suffused and overlaid with blackish
fuscous except at joints and on hind tibiae. Abdomen pale shining
ochreous- fuscous, suffused with fuscous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, short; cucullus long, narrowly
rounded; sacculus narrow basally and with a broad, strongly sclero-
tized expansion distally; outer dorsal margin angulate; clasper mi-
nute, pointed. Anellus a moderately small oval plate, somewhat nar-
rowed posteriorly ; posterior edge convex ; lateral lobes absent or indi-
cated by a few hairs. Aedeagus long, slender, narrowed at middle,
curved and terminating in a slender, curved point ; vesica armed with a
single slender, pointed cornutus. Vinculum narrowly rounded.
Transtilla membranous; lateral lobes mainly indicated by a few
hairs. Tegumen rounded. Socii small fleshy lobes.

Female genitalia, — Genital plate narrow, slightly broader posterior
to ostium. Ostium as narrow as or narrower than portion of genital
plate posterior to it, bordered anteriorly by a strongly sclerotized
and dilated portion of the ductus bursae. Ductus bursae membra-
nous except for less than half the length of a posterior loop, and the
dilated part before the ostium; inception of ductus seminalis at
anterior edge of dilated section. Bursa copulatrix large oval; sig-
num a moderately large, narrow, transverse, toothed plate about
middle of bursa.

Alar expanse, 22-26 mm.

Type.—[]. S. N. M. No. 53118.

160 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Type locality. — Cincinnati, Ohio.

Food 'plant. — Unknown,

Remarks. — Described from $ type and 5 2 paratypes all from the
type locality (March and April dates, 1904^1908, Dr. Annette F.
Braun). Paratypes in the Canadian National and Dr. A. F. Braun
collections.

This species is much like inegamicreXla but is lighter in color, lacks
the fuscous or brown suffusion, and is more contrastingly and more
sparsely marked than that species. In male genitalia it differs from
megamwreTl<i in the stouter expansion and the angulate outer dorsal
margin of the sacculus. In the female the ostium is smaller as is
the posterior dilated portion of the ductus bursae adjacent to it.
The posterior loop of the ductus bursae is less strongly sclerotized.

This is the species placed under megamicreUa by Forbes.

I take pleasure in naming this species after Dr. Annette F. Braun,
who collected the type series.

SEMIOSCOPIS AURORELLA Dyar

Plate 22, Figure 135, 135a; Plate 40, Figure 223

Semioscopis aurorella Dyar, Can. Ent., vol. 34, p. 319, 1902.— Keabfott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6438, 190®.—
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.— Barnes and
JilcDuNNouGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6486,
1917. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 186, 1922. —
Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 244, 1923 ; in Leonard,
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928. — McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8463, 19.39. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopter-
orum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 370, 1939.

Labial palpus white with a faint roseate tinge; second segment
overlaid with blackish fuscous exteriorly on distal half except at
apex; third segment with a black spot anteriorly above base and a
black subapical annidus. Antenna light fuscous, with poorly defined,
narrow, grayish annulations. Head and thorax gray, the former
more whitish and with some brown intermixed, the latter suffused
with fuscous and with fuscous posterior tufts. Fore wing shining
gi-ay suffused with brown, with a roseate tinge and variously marked
with blackish fuscous; at the end of cell an outwardly curved
blackish-fuscous bar preceded by a whitish or light-gray patch; in
cell a pair of superposed dashes, sometimes fused to form an elongate
V-shaped mark ; a short basal subcostal dash and a basal dash follow-
ing vein Ic to slightly beyond basal third, blackish fuscous; a sub-
terminal row of five more or less well defined dashes between the
veins and a series of spots from costa around termen, blackish
fuscous; cilia pale grayish fuscous, darker apically and with a

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 161

roseate tinge. Hind wing shining grayish fuscous, darker toward
margin and with a fine fuscous terminal line; cilia pale grayish
fuscous, with subbasal and terminal bands fuscous. Legs yellowish
white heavily overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints and on
hind tibiae. Abdomen light fuscous narrowly annulated with pale
yellowish fuscous at posterior ends of segments ; anal tuft yellowish
fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow, long ; costa gently and evenly con-
cave; cucullus bluntly pointed; sacculus narrowly but strongly
sclerotized; clasper long, slender, curved inwardly, attaining or
slightly exceeding costa. Anellus a subrectangular plate with convex
lateral edges; posterior edge concave, basolateral lobes indicated by
a few hairs. Aedeagus stout, curved, moderately long, bluntly
pointed; vesica armed with a single stout, curved cornutus. Vincu-
lum broadly rounded. Transtilla indicated only by a weak mem-
brane; lateral lobes absent. Tegumen rounded. Socii moderately
well developed hairy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad, strongly sclero-
tized. Ostium large, oval, with a narrow, strongly sclerotized an-
terior edge. Ductus bursae membranous in posterior half, strongly
sclerotized, convoluted and broadened in anterior half; inception of
ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large, round;
signum a small toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 24—31 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — New Brighton, Pa.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

New York: Ithaca, Big Indian Valley (ace. Forbes).

Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 $ (27-III-1903, A. F. Braun).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 20 5 (J , 16 $ $ (March and April dates, 1901-

1905, H. D. Merrick); Oak Station, Allegheny County, 9 5 5 , 10 9 5

(March and April dates, 190S-1914, Fred Marloff).

Canadian records

Alberta: Red Deer, 4 S S, 2 5 $ (16-24 April, 1922-1923, K. Bowman).
Manitoba: Aweme, $ (3-V-1924, N. Griddle) ; Cartwright, $ (no date, E. F.

Heath).
Ontario: Constance Bay, 2 $$ (26-IV-1935. W. J. Brown; 26-IV-193.'>,

J. McDunnough) ; Ottawa, 5 9 9 (26-IV-1909. l-V-1906, C. H. Young).

Rcnmrks. — The specimens from Canada, which I have before me,
are considerably darker and, for the most part, are less conspicu-
ously marked than the specimens from the United States, owing to

286614 — 41 9

162 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 90

a strong brownish or fuscous suffusion which appears to be char-
acteristic of the northern specimens. The genitalia of the two forms
are identical.

SEMIOSCOPIS MCDUNNOUGHI. new species

Plate 22, Figuke 136

Semioscopis aurorella Blackmore (not Dyar), Kept. Prov. Mus. Nat. Hist.
British Columbia for 1921, p. 32, pi. 4, 1922.

Similar to aurorella but slightly broader winged, less distinctly
marked and with a longer, straight cornutus.

Labial palpus white with a carmine tinge; second segment
strongly overlaid with blackish fuscous exteriorly for its whole
length; third segment with poorly defined blackish-fuscous subbasal
spot and subapical annulus. Head whitish with some brown scales.
Thorax cinereous strongly infused with fuscous and with median
longitudinal streak and tufts blackish fuscous; tegula blackish fus-
cous, white-edged. Fore wing shining gray suflPused with brown and
with a roseate tinge; discal bar, reduced to a poorly defined cres-
centic dash or a spot, a dash in cell, a basal dash following vein Ic,
and a basal shade, blackish fuscous; along costa and around termen
a well-defined series of blackish-fuscous spots; cilia light fuscous
with a median grayish band and a whitish pink-tinged terminal
line. Hind wing grayish fuscous, darker toward margins and with
a narrow fuscous terminal line; cilia pale yellowish fuscous with
basal and subterminal fuscous bands. Legs yellowish white strongly
overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints and on hind tibiae
where the lighter ground color is carmine tinted. Abdomen
ochreous-fuscous lightly suffused with fuscous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow, long; cucullus rounded; clasper
long, reaching almost or quite to costa, slightly curved, pointed;
sacculus narrow, strongly sclerotized. Anellus a broad, oval plate,
narrowed, produced, and curved posteriorly to form a semicylindrical
articulation for the aedeagus; lateral lobes absent or at most only
indicated by a few hairs. Aedeagus stout, moderately long; apex
flattened, rounded; vesica armed with a single long, stout, straight,
sharply pointed cornutus. Vinculum broadly rounded. Transtilla
membranous ; lateral lobes vestigial, mainly indicated by a few hairs.
Tegumen bluntly pointed. Socii small hairy lobes.

Alar expanse, 28-29 mm.

Type.—U. S. N. M. No. 53117.

Type locality. — Bellingham, Wash.

Food plant. — ^Unknown.

Remarks. — Described from the ^ type (Bellingham, Wash.,
14-in-1923, J. F. G. Clarke, ¥0. 573) and 1 5 paratype (Fraser

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 163

Mills, British Columbia, 14^111-1921, L. E. Marmont), the latter
in the Canadian National collection.

This species is much like aurorella and is the one reported by
Blackmore from British Columbia by that name. It can be dis-
tinguished from aurorella by the poorly defined markings of the
third segment and the blackish-fuscous shading of the second seg-
ment of the labial palpus, the absence or only faint indication of the
subterminal row of spots on the fore wing, the presence of a rather
strong basal blackish-fuscous suffusion and the long straight
3ornutus.

There is another known specimen in the collection of the Uni-
versity of British Columbia, the one figured by Blackmore, from
Millardville, British Columbia.

I have seen no females certainly referable to this species. There
are before me, however, two females from southeastern Washington
that may belong here, although they are considerably smaller and
probably represent an undescribed species. Females must be ob-
tained from the coastal region before these two can be definitely
placed here or described as new.

5. Genus DEPRESSARIA Haworth

Plate 2, Figuee 11 ; Plate 6, Figxjre 48 ; Plate 10, Figures 68, 68a ; Plate 17,
Figure 102

Depressaria Haworth, Lepidoptera Britannica, p. 505, 1812. — Chambers (in
part). Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 91, 146-148, 1872.— V^.vlsingham, (in part),
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 311-319; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10,
p. 175, 1882. — BEUTBrNMXJTXER (in part), In Smith, Catalogue of tlie insects
of New Jersey, p. 355, 1890. — Riley (in part), in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 99, 1891. — Dietz (in part), in. Smith,
Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 474, 1900. — Busck (in part),
Proc. U. S. Nat. IMus., vol. 24, p. 731-749, 1902; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus.
Bull. 52, p. 520-522, 1903.— Kearfott (in part), in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 114, 1903. — Busck (in part), Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 763-766, 1904.— Dyar (in part), Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 27, p. 934, 1904. — Anderson (in part). Catalogue of British
Columbia Lepidoptera, p. 54, 1904. — Busck (in part), Proc. Ent. Soc.
Washington, vol. 9, p. 88-91, 1908.— Kearfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the
insects of New Jersey, p. 561, 1910. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal Axoerica, p. 161, 1917. — Meyrick (in part), Ex-
otic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 223, 1918; p. 315, 1920; pp. 391-^92, 1921;
p. 513, 1922; m Wytsman (in part), Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, pp. 169-
177, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir OS, p. 241-243,
1923.— Pierce, The genitalia of the tineid families of the Lepidoptera of
the British Islands, p. 33, 1935. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
p. 78, 1939.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterornm catalogus, pt. 92, p. 269, 1939.
(Genotype: Plialaena Tortrix lieracliana Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10,
p. 532, No. 225, 1758.)

164 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Biganorosis Waui^ngken, Ent. Tidskr., vol. 2, p. 94, 1881. (Genotype: Phalaetm
Tortrix Iwracliana Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, p. 532, No. 225, 1758.)

Head with appressed scales ; tongue developed ; antenna simple or
moderately ciliated; basal segment elongate, with pecten. Labial
palpus long, recurved ; second segment reaching base of antenna, with
rough, projecting scales and furrowed beneath; terminal segment
shorter than, or rarely as long as, second, acute. Thorax smooth or
crested. Abdomen flattened.

Fore wing with 12 veins; 2 and 3 separate, 7 and 8 stalked; 7 to
costa or apex, 11 from middle.

Hind wing as broad as or broader than the fore wing; 8 veins, 3
and 4 connate or short stalked; 6 and 7 subparallel.

3Iale genitalia. — Harpe with or without clasper and with or with-
out process from base of sacculus. Anellus a well sclerotized plate
without long lateral processes. Aedeagus stout with or without
cornuti. Gnathos an oval, spined knob. Socii well developed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized ; ductus bursae
frequently sclerotized for a considerable portion of its length; signum
present (in all species seen) though frequently weak.

Larva. — Ninth abdominal segment with setae I and II well sep-
arated; seta VI not on the same pinaculum with IV and V, remote
from VII. Setal group VII bisetose or trisetose on first abdominal
segment, bisetose on seventh and eighth abdominal segments,-^ and
unisetose on ninth abdominal segment. Ocelli normal. Submentum
without pit.

Group A : Setal group VII on first abdominal segment &^setose.
licracliana
juliella
dracunouU

Group B : Setal group VII on first abdominal segment ^Wsetose.
multifidae
leptotaeniae
angustati

Pupa. — Pubescent. Prothoracic femora exposed. Labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — The separation of Depressaria from Agonopterix is dis-
cussed under the latter genus.

In this genus there are five distinct species groups. The first, con-
sisting of atrostrigella and dracuncul't., and probably palousella (males
not known), is characterized by the process from the costa of the
harpe in the male and the broad, somewhat dilated sclerotized band
in the ductus bursae of the female. The second group consists of

** Rarely unisetose on eigbth segment and if so trisetose on first.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 165

jidiella^ eleanorae^ heracliana, and cinereocostella with the European
nervosa. These have a strong basal process from the sacculus and no
clasper in the male and an elongated, sclerotized section of the ductus
bursae posteriorly. We have two species in the third group, artemisi-
ella and alienella, in which the clasper is present but the basal process
of the sacculus is absent in the male and the ductus bursae is wholly-
membranous. The fourth group, consisting of the togata-angustati-
multi-fldae complex, forms a perplexing assemblage of species charac-
terized by their similarity in coloration, by the peculiar spined proc-
ess from the base of the sacculus in the male, and by the frequently
present sclerites anterior to the genital plate in the female. The fifth
and final group is composed of three broad-winged forms, maculatella^
'betulelJa, and groteUa. In the males the divided clasper, extending
beyond the ventral margin of the harpe, and the spiraled ductus
bursae of the female are characteristic.

Although rather a large number of species have been reared, the
larvae of only six were available for study. By a comparison of the
larval characters it will be seen that the first two groups (Group A
under larvae) are closely similar. The fourth group (Group B under
larva) suggests generic separation, and I am inclined to believe that
this group does represent a distinct genus. Likewise I believe that
the fifth group should be given a separate generic designation, which
would be consistent with other generic separations in this paper.
Nevertheless I prefer to wait for the collection of more larvae before
making the separations which are suggested or before concluding that
the species all belong to one genus and merely represent species groups.

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DEPRESSARIA BASED ON
COLORATION

1. Thorax white alienella Busck (p. 180)

Thorax otherwise 2

2. Fore wing distinctly reddish 3

Fore wing otherwise 5

3. Costa contrastingly lighter than ground color of fore wing

cinereocostella Clemens (p. 171)
Costa not contrastingly lighter than ground color of fore wing 4

4. Alar expanse 21 mm. or more juliella ^9 Busck (p. 176)

Alar expanse 20 mm. or less eleanorae, new species (p. 178)

5. Ventral side of abdomen with two distinct rows of blackish spots

or lines 6

Ventral side of abdomen without such spots or lines 8

6. Fore wing with light discal spot at end of cell 7

Fore wing without such spot heracliana (Linnaeus) (p. 173)

29 1 have examined over 150 specimens ot juliella none of which measures as small as 20 mm. The larger
specimens of eleanorae approach the smaller specimens ot juliella in size but noce has been found exceeding
20 mm.

166 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

7. Fore wing with distinct elongate blackish dash between two

discal spots. grotella Robinson (p. 192)

Fore wing without such dash betulella Busck (p. 195)

8. Second segment of labial palpus white irrorated with black and

fuscous 9

Second segment of labial palpus otherwise 11

9. Third segment of palpus white with blackish-fuscous subbasal

annulus and apex maculatella Busck (p. 194)

Third segment otherwise 10

10. Third segment of palpus fuscous irrorated with whitish and

with whitish apex yakimae, new species (p. 185)

Third segment whitish with black basal and subapical annula-

tions palousella, new species (p. 171)

11. Fore wing blackish fuscous or brownish fuscous, at least always

dark 12

Fore wing grayish or light brownish 14

12. *" The two species of this couplet cannot be separated on char-

acters of coloration; genitalia and food plant must be used.
Costa of fore wing with a distinct pinkish cast on underside;

Upper Sonoran or Arid Transition Zones.

whitmani, new species (p. 182); leptotaeniae Clarke (p. 184)
Costa without such pink color 13

13. The two species of this couplet (angustati and multifidae) cannot

be separated by the use of superficial characters. Collected
specimens may be separated as follows:

(a) Hudsonian Zone, altitude about 6,000 feet, Cascade

Range angustati, new species (p. 189)

(b) Upper Sonoran Zone to Arid Transition timbered Zone

in "intermountain" area; altitude 1,000 to 5,700 feet

multifidae Clarke (p. 187)

14. Alar expanse 19 mm. or less.. artemisiae dracvinculi Clarke (p. 169)

Alar expanse over 20 mm 15

15. Fore wing with conspicuous blackish-fuscous streak in cell.

atrostrigella, new species (p. 168)
Fore wing without conspicuous blackish-fuscous streak in cell.

artemisiella McDunnough (p. 181)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DEPRESSARIA BASED ON MALE
GENITALIA

1. Harpe with process from base of sacculus (figs. 198-205) 8

Harpe without such process (figs. 191-197) 2

2. Costa with prominent process before cucullus (figs. 194, 197) 3

Costa without such process (figs. 191-193; 195, 196) 4

3. Vesica armed with two or three straight terminal cornuti and a

cluster of stout curved ones near middle (fig. 194a).

atrostrigella, new species (p. 168)
Vesica armed with a cluster of straight, strong cornuti about
middle (fig. 197a) artemisiae dracxinculi Clarke (p. 169)

•• The species of this group are very difflcult to separate and must be carefully examined for characters
under the microscope. A careful examination of characters coupled with data on habitat will serve to
distinguish them.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 167

4. Clasper slender, armed with small spines and never projecting

beyond ventral edge of harpe (figs. 195, 196) 6

Clasper broad, without spines and at least part of it extending

beyond ventral edge of harpe (figs. 191-193) 6

5. Lateral edge of anellus strongly produced (fig. 196)

artemisiella McDunnough (p. 181)
Lateral edge of anellus not strongly produced (fig. 195)

alienella Busck (p. 180)

6. Transtilla roughly diamond-shaped (figs. 192b, 193b) 7

Transtilla roughly rectangular (fig. 191b) maculatella Busck (p. 194)

7. Width of clasper half, or less than half width of harpe (fig. 193)

betulella Busck (p. 195)
Width of clasper more than half width of harpe (fig. 192).

grotella Robinson (p. 192)

8. Clasper present (figs. 198-202) 9

Clasper absent (figs. 203-205) 13

9. Aedeagus as long or longer than harpe (figs. 198a-200a) 10

Aedeagus much shorter than harpe (figs. 201a, 202a) 12

10. Anellus longer than wide; spines of basal process of sacculus

long, stout (fig. 199) multifidae Clarke (p. 187)

Anellus much broader than long; spines of basal process of sac-
culus fine, slender (figs. 198, 200) 11

11. Posterior edge of anellus deeply cleft; transtillar lobes large,

broad; harpe short, broad (fig. 200) whitmani, new species (p. 182)

Posterior edge of anellus not cleft; transtillar lobes large,

narrow, harpe narrow (fig. 198) angustati, new species (p. 189)

L2. Basal process of sacculus curved toward cucullus; spines few,
large; clasper sharply angulate; transtillar lobes weak (fig. 201)

yakimae, new species (p. 185)
Basal process of sacculus transverse; spines numerous, rather

small; transtillar lobes strong (fig. 202) leptotaeniae Clarke (p. 184)

L3. Basal process of sacculus pointed (figs. 68, 205) 14

Basal process of sacculus not pointed (figs. 203, 204) 15

14. Costa of harpe deeply excavated before cucullus (fig. 68)

heracliana (Linnaeus) (p. 173)
Costa of harpe not excavated before cucullus (fig. 205).

cinereocostella Clemens (p. 171)

15. Basal process of sacculus armed with spines for most of its length

(fig. 203) juliella Busck (p. 176)

Basal process of sacculus armed with spines only at distal end

(fig. 204) eleanorae, new species (p. 178)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DEPRESSARIA BASED ON FEMALE
GENITALIA

1. Ductus bursae membranous (figs. 102, 275-278, 282) 2

Ductus bursae at least partly sclerotized (figs. 279-281; 283-289) 7

2. Ductus bursae spiraled (fig. 275) 3

Ductus bursae not spiraled (figs. 102, 278, 282) 5

3. Ostium a longitudinal slit between raised edges (figs. 275, 277) 4

Ostium nearly round, within triangular raised portion of genital

plate (fig. 276) betulella Busck (p. 195)

168 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

4. Ostium considerably shorter than width of genital plate; genital

plate with a long row of hairs posteriorly (fig. 277) .grotella Robinson (p. 192)
Ostium as long as width of genital plate; posterior row of hairs

reduced to about half a dozen (fig. 275) maculatella Busck (p. 194)

5. Ductus bursae bulbous before ostium (fig. 102) .heracliana (Linnaeus) (p. 173)
Ductus bursae not bulbous at any point (figs. 278, 282) 6

6. Anterior edge of ostium convex (fig. 278)-artemisiGlla McDunnough (p. 181)
Anterior edge of ostium cleft (fig. 282) alienella Busck (p. 180)

7. Ductus bursae sclerotized for at least two-thirds of its length

(fig. 279) eleanorae, new species (p. 178)

Ductus bursae otherwise (figs. 280, 281; 283-289) 8

8. Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae limited to a narrow band

(figs. 283, 284) 9

Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae otherwise (figs. 196, 197, 285, 289). 10

9. Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae armed with small teeth

(fig. 284) palousella, new species (p. 171)

Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae unarmed (fig. 283)

artemisiae dracvmculi Clarke (p. 169)

10. Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae strongly curved (figs. 286-288) 11

Sclerotized portion of ductus bursae straight or only slightly

curved (figs. 280, 281, 285, 289) 13

11. Genital plate with a pair of shallow, cupped sclerites on anterior

margin (fig. 288) multifidae Clarke (p. 187)

Genital plate without such sclerites (figs. 286, 287) 12

12. Genital plate abruptly narrowed laterally; ostium a narrow slit

(fig. 287) angustati, new species (p. 189)

Genital plate of nearly equal width throughout, ostium trian-
gular (fig. 286) whitmani, new species (p. 182)

13. Signum in posterior part of bursa copulatrix (figs. 285, 289) 14

Signum in anterior part of bursa copulatrix (figs. 280, 281) 15

14. Sclerotized ventral sclerites of genital plate equal to length of

sclerotized portion of ductus bursae (fig. 285)

yakimae, new species (p. 185)
Sclerotized ventral sclerites of genital plate shorter than length
of sclerotized portion of ductus bursae (fig. 289)

leptotaeniae Clarke (p. 184)

15. Ductus bursae sclerotized for less than half its length; a small

protuberance from the side of the sclerotized part (fig. 281)

cinereocostella Clemens (p. 171)
Ductus bursae sclerotized for about half its length and without
small protuberance from the sclerotized part (fig. 280)

juliella Busck (p. 176)

DEPRESSARIA ATROSTRIGELLA, new species
PlxVte 35, FiGUKES 194, 194a

Labial palpus light oclireous- white ; second segment suffused with
fuscous in the brush; third segment immaculate. Antenna light fus-
cous somewhat mottled basally with gray; basal segment gray be-
neath. Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous-white. The whole
so strongly suffused with deep gray that the ground color is nearly
obliterated. Vertex and the head behind the antennae infuscated.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 169

Thorax liglitly irrorated with fuscous. Inner angle of fore wing,
veins, a strong longitudinal dash in cell and a series of poorly defined
spots around termen, blackish fuscous. The veins are, for the most
part, weakly marked, but vein Ic is marked with blackish fuscous for
its entire length ; cilia deep gray, tipped with ochreous-white. Hind
wing pale smoky gray; cilia lighter. Legs ochreous-white, the fore
and mid legs suffused with grayish fuscous exteriorly. Abdomen
pale grayish fuscous, faintly annulated with dull ochreous-white,

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately broad, clothed apically with
numerous stout, straight hairs; cucullus rounded; on costa, before
cucullus, a large flat process that terminates in a small hook ; sacculus
moderately broad and sclerotized, without basal process; clasper a
minute papillate process about middle of harpe, with three or four
strong hairs from surface. Anellus a large subrectangular plate con-
stricted posteriorly; posterior edge truncate. Aedeagus rather long,
stout, tapering gradually to a slender, curved point ; vesica armed with
two or three long straight cornuti and a cluster of short, stout, curved
ones about middle. Vinculum rounded with well developed dorsoan-
terior process. Transtilla a broad, sclerotized, curved band; lateral
lobes indicated chiefly by hairs and constituting the lateral extremities
of the transtilla proper. Socii long digitate hairy lobes. Tegumen
reduced, truncate.

Alar expanse, 21-24 mm.

Type. — In the Canadian National Collection.

Type locality. — Aweme, Manitoba.

Paratype.—U. S. N. M. No. 53299.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type and 1 S paratype, both
from the type locality (6-IX-1928, N. briddle).

The genitalia of this species are nearest to dracunculi but differ
from it chiefly by the cornuti and the transtilla. The figures of
the two will show these differences adequately. I have seen no
females of atro^trigella.

The paratype is not marked so contrastingly as the type male and
is the larger of the two specimens.

DEPRESSARIA ARTEMISIAE DRACUNCULI Clarke

Plate 35, FiGxniES 197, 197a ; Plate 48, Figure 2S3

Depressai-ia dracunculi Clarke, Can. Ent., vol. 65, p. 90, pi. 5, 1933. —
McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States
of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8395, 1939. — Gaede, m Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 282, 1939.

Labial palpus creamy white ; second segment suffused and irrorated
in the brush with fuscous; third segment with subbasal and supra-

170 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

medial annuli black, these sometimes poorly defined and almost
wholly replaced by the lighter ground color. Antenna fuscous with
grayish or white annulations. Head light fawn, the scales tipped
with sordid white. Thorax light fuscous, the scales tipped with
gray or white; anteriorly the fuscous is more pronounced. Fore
wing with costal third fuscous mixed with gray, remainder light to
dark fawn irrorated with fuscous and gray; toward apex the colors
merge and are indistinguishable; at base, in anal angle, a small
blackish-fuscous patch; in cell a series of three blackish-fuscous
spots, sometimes confluent, forming a single longitudinal dash; cilia
grayish fuscous with a broad, dark, subbasal band. Legs creamy
white, strongly overlaid with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen
silvery grayish above; creamy white beneath suffused with fuscous
laterally.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, with very few coarse hairs ; cucullus
rounded, densely clothed with coarse, stiff hairs; before cucullus,
from costa, a prominent dull-pointed projection; clasper minute;
emitting a few long hairs ; sacculus broadly folded and without basal
process. Anellus a moderately small sclerotized plate, constricted
at middle ; anterior and posterior edges strongly convex. Vinculum
broad, rounded. Aedeagus long, slightly curved, terminating in a
long, attenuated point ; vesica armed with a cluster of straight, strong
cornuti. Transtilla a very broad, sclerotized band with well-devel-
oped hairy lobes, the whole fused with the posterior portion of the
anellus. Socii small, narrow, hairy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad. Ostium large,
round, situated at the extreme anterior edge of the genital plate. A
narrow area of the ductus bursae, just posterior to the bursa copulatrix,
moderately sclerotized, unarmed; the remainder of the ductus mem-
branous; inception of the ductus seminalis about midway between
the sclerotized part of the ductus bursae and the ostium. Bursa copu-
latrix large with a very small signum in the anterior half.

Alar expanse, 12.5-19 mm.

Tyfe.—\n the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Snake River, Wliitman County, opposite Clarkston,
Wash.

Food plant. — Artemisia dracunculoides Pursh.

DistHl)Ution.—^OYi\mQsiQvr]. United States and southwestern
Canada.

United States records
Washington: Almota, Whitman County, 12 $ $ , 12 9 ? (5-23-IV-34) ; Snake
River, Whitman County, opposite Clarkston, 5 $ $, 1 9 9 (February to
May dates, 1931-32 ; the February and March dates are for specimens reared
in a greenhouse) ; Truax, Whitman County, 7 5 5 , 10 9 9 (4-12-V-35) . (All
these specimens were reared from larvae collected by the writer.)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 171

Canadian records

British Columbia: Vernon (2 $ 5, 6-VI-1926; 2 , 12-VII-1927, E. P. Venables).

DEPRESSARIA PALOUSELLA, new species

Plate 48, Figure 284

A distinct, medium-sized moth resembling yakimae but smoother in
appearance.

Labial palpus with second segment shining white with much black
scaling exteriorly ; the white scales show a faint pinkish iridescence ;
third segment white with black basal and subapical annulations. An-
tenna with basal segment blackish fuscous with a few whitish scales
mixed; remainder grayish with blackish-fuscous annulations. Head
light fuscous, the scales white tipped. Thorax, base of tegula, and
base of fore wing black. The posterior two-thirds of tegula, the costa
to middle of fore wing and the major portion of the thorax strongly
marked with cinereous. Ground color of fore wing a light brownish
fuscous, darker basally and faintly irrorated with cinereous; in the
cell a strongly marked, longitudinal black dash edged anteriorly with
cinereous; veins, especially 9, 10, and 11 strongly marked with black
and around termen a series of indistinct, blackish spots at ends of veins ;
cilia light brownish fuscous. Hind wing light grayish-fuscous but
darker at extreme apex and around termen ; cilia light brownish fus-
cous, darker basally. Legs blackish fuscous irrorated with white.
Abdomen grayish fuscous above, blackish fuscous with much white
scaling below.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized, not
appreciably produced ventrally around ostium. Ostium oval, trans-
verse. Posterior fourth of ductus bursae broadly expanded with the
major portion of this section strongly sclerotized and armed with
small teeth ; the remainder of the ductus is membranous. Inception
of ductus seminalis on the posterior margin of the sclerotized part
of the ductus bursae. Bursa copulatrix moderately large with a small
but well-defined signum.

Alar expanse, 19-20 mm.

Type and paratypes. — U.S.N.M. No. 52074.

Type locality. — Pullman, Wash.

Remark.^. — Described from the $ type (26-VI-30) and 1 9 para-
type (20-IX-30), both collected by the author.

DEPRESSARIA CINEREOCOSTELLA Clemens

Plate 38, Figures 205, 205a ; Plate 48, Figure 281

Depressaria cinereocostella Cij:mens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p.
422, 1864.— Robinson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hi.st. New York, vol. 9, p. 155, pi. 1,
fig. 6, 1869. — Clemens, in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 245, 1872. —

172 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Chambers, Can. Eut., vol. 4, p. 91, 1872; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr.
Bull. 4, p. 138, 1878.— Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 255, 1889.— Riley, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5258, 1891.— Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 749, 1902; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus.
Bull. 52, No. 5891, 1903 ; Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 217, 1903.—
Kh:abfott, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6434,
1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Babnes and Mc-
DuNNouGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6482,
1917. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 172, 1922. —
Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 242, 1923.— McDun-
NOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8408, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 278, 1939.
Depressaria clatisella Waxker, List of the lepidopterous insects in the collec-
tions of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 564, 1864. — Walsingham, Proc. Zool.
Soc. London, 1881, p. 312. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8408, 1939 (cited as synonym of cinereocostella Clemens).

Labial palpus pale cinereous; second segment with submedial and
subterminal spots exteriorly blackish fuscous and with the brush
suffused with reddish; third segment with a dull blackish-fuscous
supramedial annulus. Antenna cinereous, narrowly annulated with
fuscous basally and suffused with reddish; beyond middle strongly
suffused with fuscous ; extreme tip cinereous. Face, head, thorax, and
ground color of fore wing cinereous ; collar fuscous ; head and thorax
irrorated with fuscous and suffused with red, the thorax and tegula
especiall}'- so anteriorly. Fore wing, except costa, heavily overlaid
with dull brownish red, so much so that the wing appears red with a
contrasting light costa, suffused with blackish fuscous in basal half
and irrorated with black and cinereous scales ; in fold and along veins
a series of longitudinal black dashes; extreme base of costa and anal
angle blackish fuscous; from middle of costa, around termen to inner
margin, a series of poorly defined blackish-fuscous spots; cilia fus-
cous suffused with red. Hind wing grayish fuscous, lighter basally ;
cilia pale fuscous, white tipped, with rosy tinge and with dark fuscous
subbasal and subterminal bands. Legs cinereous with dull blackish
irrorations and suffusion except at joints. Hind tibia with a dull
smoky streak exteriorly; outer pair of spurs dull black. Abdomen
cinereous with fuscous suffusion dorsally and a blackish-fuscous longi-
tudinal line on each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broadest at middle, sparsely clothed with
fine hairs ; cucullus rounded ; clasper absent ; sacculus broadly folded,
with long, pointed basal process; the basal process of the sacculus is
clothed with short, stout spines over its entire length. Anellus rec-
tangular, narrowed posteriorly; lateral edges concave in anterior
part. Vinculum bluntly pointed. Aedeagus long, slender, and
slightly curved ; bluntly pointed ; vesica with three to seven stout

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 173

cornuti. Transtilla a large rectangular plate, produced anteriorly
at middle, with well-developed hairy lobes, the latter fused. Socii
large fleshy, hairy flaps.

Female genitaUa. — Genital plate broad. Ostium a long transverse
slit. Posterior two-fifths of ductus bursae sclerotized, straight; a
small protuberance from the side of the sclerotized portion of the
ductus bursae; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix small with well developed signum in the anterior
end.

Alar expanse, 15-22 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — "Virginia."

Food plants. — Carum carvi L., Sium lineare Michx., and
Ligusticum scoticum L.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

District of Columbia: 2 S S (19-VII-99, A. Busck).

Iowa: Ames $ (22-VIII-1918; A. W. Lindsey) ; Iowa City, $ (15-IV-1917).

Missouri: St. Louis, S (2(>-VIII-05, H. McElhose).

New Hampshire: Hampton, 9 5 5 , 10 $ 9 (February to August dates, 1906-

1908, S. A. Shaw [reared]).
Pennsylvania: Philadelphia (no date or collector).

Canadian records

Manitoba: Cartwright, S (no date; E. F. Heath).

Nova Scotia: White Point Beach, Queens County, 13 cJ 5 , H 5 ? (2-ia-VIII-

1934, J. McDunnough [reared]).
Ontario: Toronto, ? (2-III-95).

Remarks. — The number of cornuti on the vesica seems to be of no
significance in this species. Such differences in the number of cornuti
are usually specific but in the present case all intergrades may be
found in any one group of specimens. It is also rather strange that
cinereocostella should feed on so many species of plants, a habit which
is unusual for species of this genus. The specimens reared from the
different food plants exhibit no characters by which any one group
can be separated from another.

This species is of some economic importance. Although it has not
done great damage to crops of caraway, it is potentially dangerous
because of its unusual habit of feeding on a number of food plants.

DEPRESSARIA HERACLIANA (Linnaeus)

Plate 2, Fi;;xjee 11 ; Plate 6, Figuee 48 ; Plate 10, Figures 68, 68a ;
Plate 17, FiotJKB 102

Phalaena Tortrix heracUana Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, p. 532, No.
225, 1758; ibid., ed. 12, p. 380, No. 326, 1767.— De Geee, Memoires pour
servir a I'histoire des insectes, vol. 2, p. 407, No. 5, 1771.

174 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. eo

Phalaena Tortrix heracleana Linnaeus, Fauna Suecia, p. 347, No. 1334, 1761.

Phalaena heraclia7ia (Linnaeus) Mulleb, Natursystem, p. 731, No. 326, 1774.

Phalaena Jwracleana Retzius, Genera et species insectorum, p. 45, 1783.

Pyralis heracleana Fabeicius, Systema entomologiae, p. 655, No. 56, 1775;
Entomologia systematica, vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 286, No. 178, 1794.

Depressaria heracliana (Linnaeus) Zellek, Isis von Oken, vol. 4, p. 305, 1839;
Linnaea Ent., vol. 9, p. 312, 1854.— Bethune, Can. Ent., vol. 2, p. 19, 1870.—
LiNTNER, Can. Ent., vol. 5, p. 82, 1873.— Zeixeb, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien,
vol. 23, p. 235, 1873.— Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p.
138, 1878.— Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.— Riley, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5265, 1891. — Dietz,
in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 474, 1900. — Rebel, in
Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der palaearctischen Lepidopteren, vol. 2, No.
3280, 1901.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 748, 1902; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5889, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6432, 1903.— Pettit, Michigan Agr. Exp.
Stat. Bull. 233, p. 189, 1906. — Chittenden, Insects injurious to vegetation,
p. 187, 1907.— Jarvis, Ontario Ent. Soc. Rept., vol. 37, p. 48, 1907.— Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Bethune, Ontario Agr. Coll.
Bull., vol. 171, p. 28, 1909. — Fulton, Wright, and Gregg, Pennsylvania Agr.
Exp. Stat. Bull. 110, p. 29, 1911. — Sanderson, Insect pests of farm, garden,
and orchard, p. 417, 1912. — Gooderham, Proc. Ent. Soc. Nova Scotia, vol. 1,
p. 94, 1915.— Brettain and Gooderham, Can. Ent., vol. 48, p. 37, 1916.—
Du Porte, Ontario Ent. Soc. Rept., vol. 46, p. 50, 1916.— Barnes and Mc-
DuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6478,
1917.— Bethune, Ontario Dept. Agr. Bull. 251, p. 24, 1917.— Gibson, Ontario
Ent. Soc. Rept., vol. 47, p. 16, 1917.— Gossard, Ohio Monthly Bull., vol. 4,
p. 379, 1919.— Mosher, Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 12, p. 261, 1919.— Traver,
Psyche, vol. 26 p. 77, 1919.— Gibson, Can. Dept. Agr. Ent. Circ, vol. 14, p. 13,
1920. — Leonard, Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 13, p. 491, 1920.— Hudson, Ontario
Ent. Soc. Rept., vol. 21, p. 35, 1921. — Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera in-
sectorum, fasc. 180, p. 171, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 68, p. 243, 1923.— Ellis, Journ. Agr. Res., vol. 30, p. 789-790, 1925.—
Caesar, Ontario Dept. Agr. Bull. 325, p. 27, 1927.— Brettain, Nova Scotia
Dept. Nat. Res. Bull. 12, p. 86-87, 1927.— Drake and Decker, Iowa Agr. Exp.
Stat. Circ. 103, p. 16, 1927.— Pettit, Michigan State Board Agr. Rept., vol. 66,
p. 343-344, 1927.— Caesar, Ontario Dept. Agr. Bull. 359, p. 29-30, 1931.—
DusTAN, Can. Dept. Agr. Ent. Bull., vol. 32, p. 51, 1932.— McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8404, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 92, p. 283, 1939.

Phalaena heraelei Retzius, Genera et species insectorum, p. 45, 1783.

Pyralis umhellana Fabricius, Entomologica systematica, vol. 3, p. 286, No.
177, 1794.

Haemilis pastinacella Duponchel, Histoire naturelle des Lepidopteres de la
France, vol. 11, p. 153, pi. 291, figs. 4 and 5, 1S38.— Beuand, Ann. Ent. Soc.
France (ser. 2), 1844, p. 189, pi. 6, fig. A, B, a, b.

Haemylis heraeleella Zetterstedt, lusecta Lapponica, p. 999, 1840.

Depressaria ontariella Bethune, Can. Ent., vol. 2, p. 3, 19, 1870.

Labial palpus wliitish oclireoiis; second segment suffused in the
brush and irrorated exteriorly with fuscous and brown ; third segment
with subbasal and supramedial annuli blackish fuscous, the former

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 175

narrow and poorly defined. Antenna luteous annulated with fuscous ;
basal segment blackish fuscous above. Face pale, shining grayish
fuscous. Head, thorax, and fore wing luteous shaded and streaked
with brown and blackish fuscous; extreme base of costa, anal angle,
discal spot at the end of the cell, and a series of spots from apex,
around termen to imier margin, blackish fuscous ; veins rather strongly
indicated by blackish-fuscous scaling; apical area with whitish irrora-
tions and an indistinct, narrow, outwardly curved fascia of the same
color from apical third of costa; cilia grayish-fuscous. Hind wing
pale yellowish- fuscous, darker apically and with a narrow, fuscous
terminal line ; cilia paler with a fuscous subbasal band. Legs luteous
shaded and irrorated with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen luteous
above, lightly infuscated; beneath, whitish-ochreous with a row of
blackish-fuscous spots on each side.

Male genitalia: — Harpe with cucullus and distal half of ventral
margin clothed with stout hairs; costa excavated before cucullus;
clasper absent, sacculus moderately broad, strongly sclerotized, and
with a long slender process from base. Anellus an elongate slightly
sclerotized plate narrower at distal than at proximal end. Transtilla
a broad band with well-developed hairy lobes. Aedeagus stout, elon-
gate, pointed; vesica armed with eight or ten long slender cornuti.
Vinculum rounded. Gnathos a spined knob. Socii elongate hairy
lobes, widely separated. Tegumen truncated ; uncus absent.

Female genitalia. — Lobe of ovipositor somewhat sclerotized basally.
Genital plate broad, strongly sclerotized. Ostium round; anterior
edge strongly sclerotized. Ductus bursae membranous, dilated at pos-
terior three-fourths; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix moderately large with small diamond-shaped signum.

Alar expanse, 21-29 mm.

Types.— Lo^fi ''^

Type localities. — Europe {heracliana, heracUi, umhellana.^ pastina-
cella) ', Ontario, Canada (ontariella) .

Food plants. — Parsnip {Pastinacea sativa Ij.) ; Angelica sp. (boring
in stem).

Distribution. — Throughout United States and southern Canada.

United States records

Arizona: Walton, Yuma County, 9 (1-6-III-1925, O. C. Poling).

Illinois: Chicago, S S $ (June, 1900; 12-VII-'02, W. D. Kearfott ; one without

date, K. Wyatt collector) ; Decatur, 2 $ $ (July 1-7).
Indiana: Morgan County, $ (lO-VII-1931, B. E. Montgomery; "reared from

wild par.snip").

SI Dr. McDunnough states (in lift.) : "Regarding the type of ontariella Bethune, I have no
information. It is certainly not in Ottawa and I imagine that most of Bethune's types
have been destroyed by Dermestes. . . . What remains of his collection has been scattered
about, but Dr. Ide of the Royal Ontario Museum who went over the specimens stated that
there were no types amongst them."

176 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Massachusetts: Cliftondale, 2 $ $ (August 1920, J. D. Caffrey).
New Jersey: Caldwell, S $ $,5 9 9 (August, W. D. Kearfott).
New York: Rye, Q $ S , 10 9 9 (2-20-VIII-1939, J. F. G. Clarke) ; $ (no date

or locality: Wm. Beutenmiiller).
Oregon: Portland, $ (l-VIII-1914, L. Leland).
Pennsylvania: Bristol, 8 $ S , 8 9 ? (June to August dates, 1S88, T. Pergande;

reared from parsnip) ; New Brighton, 3 S $,2 9 9 (5-13-VIII-1907, H. D.

Merrick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County, $ (30-VII-lO, Fred MarlofE) ;

Pittsburgh, $, 9 (10-IV-'06, 13-IV-'06, Henry Engel) ; West Chester,

2 5 (5, ? (July, 1919, F. M. Trimble; reared from parsnip).
Rhode Island: Bristol, $ (15-VII-1920, no collector).
Utah: Logan, 9 ( lO-VIII-1907, E. S. G. Titus; reared from wild parsnip);

Murray, $ (12-VII-1913, Timberlake) ; Vineyard, 9 (l-IX-1912, Tom

Spalding).
Washington: Bellingham, 12 S $, 9 (4-VIII-1930, W. W. Baker; reared from

parsnip) ; Oroville, $ (18-VII-1933, Judson Murray; reared from parsnip) ;

Pullman, $ (29-IV-24, J. F. G. Clarke.)

Canadian records

British Columbia: Fraser Mills, 9 (18-IX-1925, L. E. Marmont) ; Lillooet
(2-VIII-1931, A. W. A. Phair) ; Summerland (12-IV-1934; 22-24-VII-1935,
A. N. Gartrell).
Nova Scotia: Truro (17-VIII-1915, no collector).
Ontario: London (2S-29-VII-1931, G. S. Walley) ; Ottawa (19-VIII-1903;

ll-VIII-1908, J. Fletcher); Port Hope (S-IV-1895, no collector).
Quebec: Meach Luke (29-VII to 6-VIII-1903, C. H. Young).

Re?narks. — This is the notorious "parsnip webworm," which has
appeared so frequently in the literature in America and abroad.

The name has repeatedly been credited to De Geer (1T71) but
should be attributed to Linnaeus (1758). Sherborn (Index Ani-
malium, 1902) credits the name to Linnaeus, but others have failed to
acknowledge this authorship.

The species is undoubtedly more widespread in America than is
indicated by the distribution given; but I have included in the dis-
tribution only the localities from which I have seen specimens. At
New Castle, Del., however, I have seen abundant evidence of the work
of this species.

I have been unable to locate any of the types, although some may
be in existence.

DEPRESSARIA JULIELLA Busck

Plate 38, Figures 203, 203a; Plate 47, Figxjee 280

Depressaria juUclla BuscK, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 9, pi. 91, 1908;
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Baenes and McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6475, 1917. — Metrick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 171, 1922.— Clarke, Can.
Ent., vol. 66, p. 178, 1934.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8399, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 286,
1939.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 177

Labial palpus ochreous; second segment with a dark reddish-fus-
cous spot near base externally and with the brush suffused with red
and irrorated with reddish fuscous; third segment suffused with red
anteriorly and with poorly defined reddish-fuscous subbasal and
supramedial annuli. Antenna light reddish fuscous, narrowly and
faintly annulated with fuscous; basal segment ochreous beneath.
Face shining whitish ochreous. Head, thorax, and fore wing light
ochreous suffused and mottled with red. Below antenna, in front,
a vertical reddish-fuscous patch ; from base of costa, following fold,
a reddish-fuscous streak to about basal fourth ; in anal angle a small
reddish-fuscous patch; both of these dark markings mixed with black
scales. Along costa and inner margin and in apical third numerous
white scales; all the veins are more or less indicated by reddish fus-
cous and black mixed ; discal spot at end of cell faintly indicated by
a few red scales; cilia fuscous, strongly suffused with red and with
a blackish-fuscous subbasal band. Hind wing fuscous, lighter
basally; cilia red with a fuscous subbasal band. Legs ochreous suf-
fused with red and mottled with reddish fuscous. Abdomen ochre-
ous suffused with fuscous dorsally and with a blackish-fuscous line
on each side ventrally.

Male genitalia. — Harpe gradually tapering to the rounded cucullus ;
clasper absent, sacculus broadly folded, with a large, elongate, trun-
cated process from its base ; this elongate process is more or less armed
with spines over most of its length; at the distal end the spines are
numerous. Anellus a sclerotized plate ; broad anteriorly, narrow pos-
teriorly; anterior edge with a shallow median cleft; posterior edge
convex. Vinculum produced anteriorly. Aedeagus long, nearly
straight, dilated at proximal end ; vesica armed with 7-10 stout cornuti.
Transtilla membranous, with small hairy lobes. Socii long, narrow,
hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized.
Ostium transverse, elliptical, situated at anterior margin of the genital
plate. Ductus bursae sclerotized, slightly curved and dilated in pos-
terior half, without protuberance; membranous in anterior half; in-
ception of ductus seminalis just anterior to ostium. Bursa copulatrix
large with a small, but well developed signum near anterior end.

Alar expanse, 21-25 mm.

Type. — In United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Pecos, N. Mex.

Food plant. — Cicuta occidentalis Greene.

Distribution. — ^^Vestern United States.

178 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

United States records

Colorado: Alamosa, $ (Oslar).

New Mexico: Pecos, $ (September, T. D. A. Cockerell).

Utah: Prove, 5 S $, S $ 9 (August and September dates) ; Vineyard, IQ $ S ,

17 9 9 (September and October dates, Tom Spalding).
Washington: Pullman, 56 $ $ , 52 9 9 (reared, July, August dates, 1933-1935,

J. F. G. Clarke).

Remxirhs. — I have already given ^^ a summary of the habits and have
briefly described the larva of this species but it seems appropriate to
give a brief description of the pupa at this time.

Pupa. — First day : Wing, antennal and leg sheaths, also dorsal part
of head and thorax light lemon yellow. Abdominal segments light
whitish ochreous except the last caudal segment which is strongly
tinged with reddish brown. The last five segments are free and
movable.

Second day: Ptipa light reddish brown; last segment somewhat
darker. From the second day on the color becomes progressively
darker. The wing sheaths become very dark brown first. The ab-
dominal segments gradually become darker until at the time of emer-
gence the entire pupa is nearly black.

Busck's remark ^^ concerning the close relationship of julAella to the
European nervosa is borne out by a study of both the male and female
genitalia. The differences in genitalia (although admittedly slight)
and the difference in food plant will serve to distinguish the two. The
coloration of juliella^ as indicated by a reared and a collected series of
over 150 specimens, is usually brighter and lighter than that of nervosa.

DEPRESSARIA ELEANORAE, new species

Plate 38, Figukes 204, 204a ; Plate 47, Figure 279

Similar to D. juUella Busck but smaller.

Antenna reddish ochreous above, lighter beneath and toward tip;
narrowly annulated with reddish fuscous. Second segment of labial
palpus whitish ochreous strongly suffused with red and reddish fus-
cous exteriorly; third segment whitish ochreous with broad reddish-
fuscous basal and subapical fasciae. Head light reddish ochreous;
face light yellowish ochreous. Thorax, tegula, and fore wing ochreous
strongly overlaid with red, reddish fuscous, and white scales; at base
of wing a black spot on costa and a similar one on dorsum ; narrowly
but strongly tinged with bright red; in middle of cell an indistinct
longitudinal streak of reddish fuscous and white scales mixed; cilia
light reddish fuscous. Hind wing light fuscous, lighter basally with
a distinct reddish hue ; cilia light reddish fuscous with a fuscous sub-
s'" Clarke, J. F. G., Can. Ent. vol. 66, p. 178, 1934,
«3 Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 9, p. 91, 1908.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 179

basal band. Legs: Femora whitish ochreous; fore and mid femora
strongly marked with reddish fuscous exteriorly; tibiae and tarsi of
fore and mid legs reddish fuscous with whitish ochreous inwardly.
Hind tibia whitish ochreous strongly tinged with pink ; tarsi strongly
marked with fuscous. Abdomen whitish ochreous; basal segments
suffused with light fuscous; underside with well-defined lateral row
of fuscous spots on each side.

Male genitalia. — Harpe sparsely clothed with fine hairs; clasper
absent; cucullus rounded; sacculus broadly folded and with a long,
distally dilated, curved basal process; the latter armed with spines
only at distal end. Anellus a broad, sclerotized plate abruptly nar-
rowed in posterior half ; posterior edge strongly convex ; anterior mar-
gin indented. Vinculum with a strongly produced, acutely pointed
anterior process. Aedeagus long, slender, nearly straight ; vesica with
12 or more stout cornuti. Transtilla membranous with weakly de-
veloped, haiiy lobes. Socii long, slender, hairy flaps.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized;
ostium transverse, slitlike; anterior edge of ostimn slightly convex.
Posterior two-thirds of ductus bursae strongly sclerotized. Bursa
copulatrix large ; signum small and situated at the anterior end.

Alar expanse, 18-20 mm.

ry/?6'.— U.S.N.M. No. 52082.

Type locality. — Hymers, Ontario (August 16-23).

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, 1 $ and 6 $ paratypes as
follows: Ottawa, Ontario ?> $ $ (28-VIII-1906 ; 5-IX-1908, James
Fletcher; 19-III-1933, C. H. Young) ; 5 (20-V-1925, C. H. Curran) ;
Trenton, Ontario, $ (9-IX-lO, Evans). The other two paratype
$ $ are without locality labels ; one with "In office, 21-X-1903" and the
other "23-X-04 J. F." (James Fletcher?). Paratypes in U. S. Na-
tional and Canadian National collections. I am indebted to Dr. J.
McDunnough for seven of the eight specimens of the type series.

This species is the eastern analogue of the western juliella but is
immediately distinguished from juliella by its smaller size. The
genitalia of the two are similar but differ as follows : In the male of
juliella the vinculum is bluntly pointed, in eleanorae sharply pointed ;
the basal process from the sacculus of juliella is spiny over practically
its entire length while that of eleanorae has spines only on the distal
half; on the vesica of jidiella there is one comutus which is noticeably
much larger than the rest, but in eleanorae the differences in the
lengths of the cornuti are not so striking. The ductus bursae of the
female genitalia of eleanorae exhibits a sclerotized portion of much
greater length than that found in juliella.

I take pleasure in naming this species for Mrs. Eleanor A. Carlin,
staff artist for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine.

180 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

DEPRESSARIA ALIENELLA Busck

Plate 35, Figubks 195, 195a ; Plate 48, Figuee 282

Depressaria alienella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 765, 1904. — Ander-
son, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1094, 1904. — Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6473, 1917. — Meykick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 171, 1922. — McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part. 2,
Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8393, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum cata-
logus, pt. 92, p. 273, 1939.

Depressaria emcritella Walsingham (not Stainton), Proc. Zool. Soc. London,
1881, p. 381. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
5261, 1891.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 746, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5884, 1903.

Depressaria emeriteUa alienella (Busck) Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.,
Memoir 68, p. 243, 1923.

Labial palpus white ; second segment irrorated exteriorly, and suf-
fused in the brush, with reddish fuscous and with a distinct blackish-
fuscous spot near base exteriorly ; third segment with a broad blackish-
fuscous supramedial annulus. Head and thorax white ; thorax sparsely
irrorated with reddish fuscous anteriorly ; tegula dark reddish fuscous.
Fore wing light fuscous strongly overlaid with red or reddish fuscous,
irrorated with cinereous and fuscous and streaked with blackish
fuscous; at the end of cell a white discal spot preceded and followed
with fuscous; around termen a poorly defined row of fuscous spots.
Legs white, suffused and irrorated with blackish fuscous except at
joints. Abdomen pale fuscous above, ochreous-white beneath, irro-
rated with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with long fine hairs,
clasper long, pointed, not projecting beyond ventral edge of harpe,
armed with numerous fine spines; sacculus narrowly folded, without
basal process ; cucullus bluntly pointed. Anellus broadly oval ; lateral
edge not strongly produced. Vinculum bluntly pointed. Transtilla
a broad sclerotized band with hairy lobes moderately well developed.
Aedeagus long, slender, gently curved. Tegmnen truncated; socii
small, hairy lobes.

Female genitalia. — Ostium slitlike transverse, with shallow median
cleft on anterior edge ; situated near the anterior edge of the genital
plate. Duetus bursae membranous, straight; inception of the ductus
seminalis well before ostium and anterior to the sclerotized portion
of the ductus bursae. Bursa copulatrix large with well-developed
toothed sig-num.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 181

Alar expanse, 18-21 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.
Type locality — Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada.
Food plant. — Artemisia sp., yarrow.

Distribution. — Northeastern and Western United States and Canada
from the Atlantic to Pacific.

United States records

California: Shasta Retreat, Siskiyou County, 2 S $, S 9 9 (July 1-7).

Maine: Bar Harbor, 4 $ $ (24-VIII-35; 26-IX-36, A. E. Brewer).

Massachusetts: Worcester, $ (2-VIII-1902).

New York: Ilion, 5,299 (2-3-IX-ll, H. McElhose).

Oregon: Rogue River, Josephine County (VI-1872, Walsingham).

Canadian records

Alberta: Nordegg, S $ S (16-18-IX-1921, K. Bowman),

British Columbia: Kaslo.

Manitoba: $ (lO-VIII-1905, L. E. Marmont) ; Rounthwaite, 9 (lO-VIII-06,

L. E. Marmont).
New Brunswick: Fredericton, $ (22-VII-35, A. E. Brower).
Nova Scotia: Round Hill, $ (28-VII-1935, F. C. Gilliatt).
Ontario: Ottawa, 3 S $ (30-VII-07, ll-VIII-1905, C. H. Young; 17-VII-1933

[reared from Yarrow] C. H. Young) ; Trenton, S $ $ (9-IX-ll, 5-IX-04,

5-IX-12, Evans).
Quebec: Meach Lake, 9 (16-VII-1902, C. H. Young).

Eemarhs. — The specimens I have placed under this name show con-
siderable variation in coloration, but all have one character in com-
mon, white head and thorax. The variation in the color of the fore
wings is of no value in distinguishing this species, and, further, the
color forms cannot be separated on genitalia.

The only North American species with which alienella might be
confused is art&misiella., to which it is very closely related, but the two
may be easily distinguished on characters of the anellus, and artemi-
siella lacks the white head and thorax so characteristic of alienella.

The European eirueriteTla has the thorax white as in alienella., but the
two are easily distinguished by their genitalia.

DEPRESSARIA ARTEMISIELLA McDunnongh

Plate 35, Figukes 196, 196a ; Plate 47, Figuee 278

Depressaria arfanisiella McDunnough, Can. Ent., vol. 59, p. 271, 1927 ; Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Mi-
crolepidoptera), No. 8402, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus,
pt. 92, p. 273, 1939.

182 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Labial palpus ochreous ; base of second segment deep brown and the
brush suffused and profusely irrorated with brown; third segment
with i)oorly defined brown subbasal annulus. Head ochreous mixed
with brown; anterior margin of front deep brown. Thorax deep
purplish brown mixed with ochreous. Ground color of fore wing
light wood brown, shaded with deep brown on costal half at base and
streaked with white and black; subcostal vein black irrorated with
white on outer half; veins 5 to 9 indicated by black scaling; at apical
third a transverse, outwardly curved, crescentic, whitish fascia; at
basal third, in cell, an indistinct black discal spot followed by a white
streak, the latter confluent with the poorly defined white outer discal
spot at the end of cell ; vein 2 largely white with brown shading above
and below ; veins 3 and 4 liberally sprinkled with white, 5 sparsely so ;
from apical third of costa, around termen to middle of inner margin,
a series of poorly defined blackish spots ; cilia concolorous with slight
pink tinge. Hind wing and cilia pale smoky; wing darker apically
with blackish terminal line. Legs ochreous suffused and irrorated
with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen ochreous.

Male genitalia. — Similar to alienella except that the lateral edges of
the anellus of artemisiella are strongly produced (see key and fig. 196).
The clasper of artemisiella appears to be armed with fewer and coarser
spines than that of alienella., but I have not seen sufficient material to
determine whether this character is constant.

Female genitalia. — Similar to alienella except that the anterior
edge of ostial opening is convex in artemisiella but slightly cleft in
alienella.

Alar expanse, 22 mm.

Type. — In the Canadian National Museum.

Type locality. — Seton Lake, Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada.

Food plant. — Arteinisia.

Distrihution. — Known only from the type locality.

Remarks. — In addition to the differences in genitalia the thorax
in artemisiella is not white as it is in alienella and the fore wing lacks
the red coloration of the latter species.

DEPRESSARIA WHITMANI, new species

Plate 36, Figures 200, 200a ; Pl.\te 48, Figure 2S6

A medium-sized dark species similar to leptotaeniae.

Labial palpus with tuft of second segment blackish fuscous below
and outwardly; inwardly and above this segment is olive-buff; ter-
minal segment blackish fuscous; apex olive-buff. Antenna blackish
fuscous narrowly annulated with grayish fuscous; basal segment
shining black above, olive-buff below. Head light fuscous, scales

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 183

gray tipped. Thorax and tegula blackish fuscous anteriorly, drab
posteriorly. Fore wing blackish fuscous irrorated with drab and
olive-buff scales; wing, at exti-eme base in angle, three short dashes
at basal third, the bases of veins 9, 10, and 11, and a series of small
spots at the ends of all veins around termen, black; at end of cell a
well-defined olive-buff spot preceded by a few black scales ; at apical
third a poorly defined, narrow, outwardly curved olive-buff fascia;
extreme edge of costa f aintlj^ pink ; cilia grayish fuscous. Hind wing
light fuscous, darker apically; cilia very light shining fuscous with
a darker subbasal line. Legs fuscous strongly overlaid with olive-
buff ; tarsi annulated with olive-buff. Abdomen fuscous, the posterior
edges of the segments dorsally grayish ; under surface heavily over-
laid with olive-buff.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, sparsely clothed with hairs; clasper
stout, abruptly excurved just below middle; at base of clasper a
series of four or five short, stout bristles; sacculus narrowly folded
but strongly sclerotized; from base of sacculus an elongate, gently
excurved process armed with fine, slender spines. Anellus a broad
sclerotized plate broader than long; posterior edge narrowly pro-
duced to middle and deeply cleft. Aedeagus longer than harpe,
slender, evenly curved ; at base a broad, flat dorsal winglike expan-
sion; opposite this a broad concave plate by which the aedeagus
articulates with the anellus. Vinculum rounded with prominent
ventroposterior ridge. Transtilla membranous with large, hairy,
broad lateral lobes. Gnathos a spined, oval knob. Socii minute,
mainly indicated by a few hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, of nearly equal width
throughout; ventroanterior edge produced into a narrow flap.
Ostium small, somewhat triangular. Ductus bursae membranous ex-
cept for a small, strongly sclerotized, curved section from middle to
posterior three-fourths ; entire posterior half rigid and slightly curved ;
inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium. Bursa copulatrix
large; signum a large, sclerotized, toothed plate with prominent
anterior and posterior points.

Alar expanse, 18-22 mm.

7V/^c.— U.S.N.M. No. 52083.

Type locality. — Snake River, Whitman County, Wash., opposite
Clarkston.

Food plant. — Lotnatium macrocarpum (Hook, and Am.) Coult.
and Rose.

Remarks. — Described from the $ type, 2 $ and 1 $ paratypes
all from the same locality. These specimens were reared from larvae
which I collected. The moths issued 26-27-V-1935.

184 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

The species appears to be closest to leptotaenkie in coloration but
nearest angustati on characters of the genitalia. In coloration it is
inseparable from leptotaemae but may easily be separated from
angustati by the presence of the pink cast of the costa which angustati
lacks. D. lohitinani can be separated from leptotaeniae by its long
slender aedeagus ; from angustati by the more evenly curved aedeagus,
the more strongly excurved spine cluster from the base of the sacculus,
the series of four or five short bristles as the base of the clasper, and
the deeply incised posterior margin of the anellus. The females are
at once distinguishable by their genitalia. D. leptotaeniae lacks the
curved, sclerotized posterior portion of the ductus bursae; angu^stati
lacks the produced ventroanterior flap of the genital plate and the
pronounced anterior and posterior points of the signum ; the sclerotized
portion of the ductus bursae is longer in angustati than in whitmani.

DEPRESSARIA LEPTOTAENIAE Clarke

PL.VTE 37, Figures 202, 202a ; Plate 48, Figure 289

Depressaria leptotaeniae CLmArke, Can. Ent., vol. 65, p. 87, pi. 4, 1933. — McDun-
NOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8396, 1939.— Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidop-
terorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 286, 1939.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather short, broad, sparsely clothed with
hairs; clasper stout, long, curved toward the cucullus ; cucullus pointed ;
sacculus narrowly curved, with a prominent transverse, spinous basal
process, the spines numerous, rather small. Anellus a long sclerotized
plate ; posterior and anterior edges deeply concave ; lateral edges con-
vex. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus stout, pointed, curved. Trans-
tilla a moderately broad sclerotized band with well-developed hairy
lobes. Socii small, hairy.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow with narrow, strongly scle-
rotized ventral sclerites, the latter narrower than the sclerotized part
of ductus bursae. Ostium triangular. Posterior portion of ductus
bursae broad, slightly curved, sclerotized ; inception of ductus seminalis
just anterior to ostium. Bursa copulatrix large with a well-developed
signum near posterior end.

Alar expanse, 17-23 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Pullman, Wash.

Food plants. — Leptotaenia rrmlti-flda Nutt. and L. salmom-flora
Coult. and Kose.

Distribution. — Northwestern United States and Canada in the inter-
mountain area.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 185

United States records

Idaho: Viola, Moscow Mouutains (=Thatuna Hills), altitude 3,000 feet, 11 S $ ,
7 $ 9 (10-1&-VI-35).

Utah: Eureka, S, 5 (13-VII-1911, 2S-VI-1911, Tom Spalding).

Washington: Almota, Whitman County, altitude, 2,000 feet, $ (ll-VI-35) ;
Cashmere (Hay Canyon), 2 $ S,7 5 $ (24-V to 7-VI-35, I. W. Bales) ; Dry
Falls, Grant County, 2 $$, 9 (14-V-35) ; Eatiat, $ (9-V-1034, A. N.
Gartrell) ; Grand Coulee City, 17 $ S , 10 9 ? ( 20-22-1 V-34; 12-21-V-35) ;
Kamiack Butte, Whitman County, altitude 3000 ft., 6G $ $ , G3 9 9 (5-13-
V-34; 27-V to 1&-VI-35) ; Park Lake, Grant County, 15 5 5 , 12 9 9
(9^21-V-35) ; Pullman, altitude 2,500 feet, 5 5 5,899 (30-V to 1&-VI-32).
(Unless otherwise stated all were reared from larvae collected by the writer.)
Canadian records

Alberta: Waterton Lakes, 5 (18-VII-1923, J. McDunnough [rf. yellow flowered
umbel] ) .

Remarhs. — In this large series are two specimens (approximately
1 o/o) with short broad wings which otherwise are quite normal and
apparently functional. These two are not crippled in any sense, and
were reared under the same conditions as were the rest, which suggests
that this short-winged form may be the result of a Mendelian factor
such as has been demonstrated in experiments with DrosophUa.

I mention these short- winged forms merely to show that if they were
collected in nature they would undoubtedly be described as a distinct
species (distinct from that to which they actually belong).

Since this species was described I have been able to rear a series of
over 200 moths from various localities in the states of Idaho and
Washington. The Utah specimens are somewhat smaller than those
from Idaho and Washington and show slight variations in the gen-
italia but unquestionably belong here.

DEPRESSARIA YAKIMAE, new species

Plate 37 Figxjbes 201, 201a ; Plate 48, FictrEB 285

A very distinct, medium-sized, grayish species close to leptotaeniae.

Labial palpus with second segment white strongly irrorated with
blackish fuscous; third segment blackish fuscous sparsely irrorated
with white; apex white. Antenna with basal segment blackish
fuscous with a whitish-ochreous patch beneath at apex; remainder
of antenna brown above, whitish ochreous beneath, narrowly an-
nulated with blackish fuscous. Head light brownish fuscous, the
tips of the scales whitish. Thorax and ground color of fore
wing brownish ochreous mixed with white scales. Bases of tegula
and fore wing blackish fuscous; costa of fore wing fuscous mixed
with white; an indistinct longitudinal dash, and streaks following

186 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

the veins, black; at apical third an indistinct outwardly curved,
broken, white fascia formed by short series of white scales following
the veins; around termen a series of seven indistinct black spots;
cilia light smoky. Hind wing fuscous, lighter basally; cilia light
brownish ochreous with a distinct fuscous subbasal line. Legs
blackish fuscous outwardly, mixed with whitish ochreous inwardly ;
annulations of tarsi whitish ochreous. Abdomen gi-ayish above,
whitish ochreous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, sparsely clothed with hairs ; cucullus
broadly rounded; clasper stout, sharply and outwardly angled;
distal end with small scobinations ; sacculus narrowly folded, with
spinous process from base curved toward cucullus; elements of
spinous basal process long, stout, rather few in number. Anellus
longer than broad; anterior margin deeply cleft; lateral edge con-
vex, undulating; posterior margin concave. Aedeagus stout, gently
curved, sharply pointed; base with large, winglike dorsal expansion
and spoon-shaped ventral process by which the aedeagus articulates
with the anellus. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla broad, narrowly
hood-shaped; lobes of transtilla mainly indicated by hairs. Socii
small, hairy.

Female genitalia.. — Ostium large, oval ; genital plate broad, strongly
sclerotized, somewhat evaginated ventrally around ostium ; anteriorly
the ventral sclerites are produced to form two conspicuous, shallow,
sclerotized pockets equal in length to the sclerotized part of the duc-
tus bursae ; ductus bursae strongly sclerotized in posterior third, the
remainder membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just before
ostium; bursa copulatrix large, with a conspicuous, strongly sclero-
tized, toothed signum in posterior part.

Alar expanse, 20-22 mm.

ry;?^.— U.S.N.M. No. 52073.

Type locality.— Ya]nmn, Yakima County, Wash. (18-V-31, Fred
P. Dean, collector).

Food plant. — ^Unknown.

Remarks. — ^Described from the 9 type, 3 $ and 3 9 paratypes as
follows: Walla Walla, Wash., ^ $ $ and 3 9 9 (Clarke, No. 4731-
4736; [8-14-VI-1931, D. H. Brannon]).

This very distinct species cannot be confused with any other de-
scribed from North America. A few species {leptotaeniae, mulfi-
fldae, and angustati) show a slight tendency toward the formation
of the shallow anterior pockets of the genital plate but none has
them so well developed as yahimae.

I suspect that the larva will be found on some species of Lomatiwm
or a closely allied plant.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 187

DEPRESSARIA MULTIFIDAE Clarke

Plate 3G, Figures 1D9, 199a; Plate 48, Figure 288

Dcpressaria multifidae Clarke, Can. Eiit., vol. 05. p. 85. pi. 4, 1933; vol. 66,
p. 179, 1934. — McDuNNouGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and
the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidopteva), No. 8394, 1939.—
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 288, 1939.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, sparsely covered with fine hairs;
cucullus pointed; clasper slender, fingerlike, curved toward cucullus;
sacculus narrowly folded with a prominent basal process armed with
long stout spines. Anellus a sclerotized plate longer than wide, with
sides convex; posterior and anterior margins concave. Vinculum
rounded. Aedeagus longer than harpe, slender, pointed; sharply
curved at distal third, less strongly so at basal third ; base of aedeagus
with a small bulbous process dorsally and a long, broad, shovel-shaped
process ventrally. Transtilla a broad, lightly sclerotized band with
moderately developed hairy lobes. Socii very small, mainly indicated
by hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow with a pair of shallow,
cupped sclerites anteriorly. Ostium a longitudinal slit, wider at
anterior end. Ductus bursae with a sharply curved sclerotized portion
near its middle; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix large with a well-developed signum near posterior
end.

Alar expanse, 17-21 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Snake River, Whitman County, opposite Clarkston,
Wash.

Food plant. — Lomatium grayi Coult. and Rose.

DistrihiUion. — Northwestern United States.

United States records

Idaho: Lapwai, Nez Perce County, 23 ^ 5 , 20 ? 5 ( 21-26-V-35 ) .

Washington: Penawavv'a, Whitman County, 6 $ $, 4 9 9 (3-12-V-35) ; Snake
River, Whitman County, opposite Clarkston, 6 5 (J , 10 9 2 (May dates
1932-34) ; Truax, Whitman County, 5,299 (4-9-V-35) ; Godman Springs,
Blue Mountains, Columbia County, altitude 5.700 feet, 2 SS, 4 9 9
(23-31-VII-35).

(All the above specimens were reared from larvae collected by the writer.)
Remarks. — Although the male and fem.ale genitalia were character-
ized in the original description, it seems advisable to make necessary
corrections at this time. They have been correctly redescribed above.
The name of this insect is unfortunate and resulted from a mis-
identification of the host. The plant, upon which the larva feeds,
grows to a very large size on the sandy or gravelly bars of the Snake

188 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

River. Because of the large size of these individual plants they have,
for many years, been considered conspecific with the true Leptotaenia
multifida of the high plateau of the Palouse region around Pullman,
Wash.

Suspecting some error in my rearing records of this and allied
species, or in the identification of the hosts, I supplied larvae feeding
on true Leptotaenia with food from the Snake River locality. They
refused this substitute food. Wlien this evidence was obtained further
investigations were carried out which proved, beyond doubt, that the
food plant is Lomatium grayi.

A long series of moths has been reared from larvae collected in
several localities. These moths show some variation in structure and
habits, but not enough, I think, to warrant separation. Superficially
the moths cannot be distinguished, nor can the larvae or pupae.

The differences in habits are directly the result of the variations
in the host plants themselves. As already pointed out, the plants
growing in the sandy or gravelly bars of the river are unusually large,
while those growing on the dry banks a few yards away are scarcely
recognizable as the same species. This plant grows also in the Blue
Mountains of Washington and Oregon up to altitudes of slightly over
6,000 feet. As might be expected it varies greatly in its different
habitats there, from a small, sessile plant to one almost reaching the
proportions of the individuals of the Snake River bars.

The moth, however, apparently does not go above 5,700 feet,
although it is common at that altitude at Godman Springs, in the
Blue Mountains.

The larvae collected at Godman Springs show some colorational
differences but I think these unimportant specifically; one often finds
such differences in larvae from one locality. The larvae from God-
man Springs measured 12-14 mm. in length, 2 to 3 mm. smaller than
the mature larvae from the Snake River. This difference, I believe,
is purely the result of the different environments.

The larval habits of the mountain insects are much the same as
those of the desert-inhabiting individuals. The former differ, how-
ever, in producing much more webbing of the parts of the plants
affected, with pupation frequently taking place in the webbed leaf
sheaths. I failed to find a pupa (living or dead) in the stalks of the
mountain plants although I did find a few larvae in the flower stalks.
All of the larvae found in the stalks were parasitized. Because of
the small number of larvae and pupae found I suspect that many
larvae pupate in debris at the base of the plant. A brief description
of the pupa is as follows : Wing, antennal and leg sheaths bright green
gradually becoming darker and duller, tinged with brown. Abdomi-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 189

nal segments yellow-brown shaded with green. Just preceding
emergence the wing, antennal and leg sheaths become very dark brown
while the abdominal segments remain a deep reddish brown. Last
five segments free. Pupation period 8-10 days.

DEPRESSARIA ANGUSTATI, new species

Plate 36, Figures 198, 198a ; Plate 48, Figure 287

A medium-sized dark species close to multi-fldae and tohitmam.

Second segment of labial palpus ochreous with much blackish
scaling intermixed, especially exteriorly; third segment blackish
fuscous, ochreous tipped. Antenna blackish fuscous, slightly lighter
beneath, the whole becoming lighter toward the distal end. Head
ochreous with much fuscous scaling above. Thorax and fore wing
blackish fuscous with scattered ochreous scales. Tip of tegula and
posterior portion of thorax ochreous. Discal spot at middle of cell
black with some ochreous scales mixed; frequently this spot is very
indistinct; at end of cell a usually conspicuous ochreous spot pre-
ceded and followed by black scales. From the costa, at the middle,
to the center of the cell an indistinct broad ochreous fascia ; at two-
thirds from costa, outwardly to vein 6 then inwardly to inner margin,
a similarly colored but narrower fascia ; costa sprinkled with ochreous
scales above and ochreous beneath mixed with fuscous scales; cilia
light brownish fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, lighter basally; cilia
light brownish fuscous with a narrow fuscous subbasal line. Legs
with femora ochreous, strongly (usually) suffused with fuscous;
tibiae and tarsi ochreous inwardly, fuscous outwardly ; tarsi ochreous
annulated. Abdomen grayish above with ochreous at posterior
edges of segments; beneath fuscous except midventrally where it is
ochreous; anal tuft ochreous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow with the cucullus bluntly rounded ;
clasper strongly sclerotized, moderately slender and strongly curved
outwardly in distal half; sacculus moderately broad with a promi-
nent spinous basal process the elements of which are fine, slender and
compactly associated, Anellus a very broad, sclerotized plate, broader
than long; posterior edge not cleft; from each basolateral edge of
the plate a pointed projection articulating with the sacculus of the
harpe. Vinculum very broad and only slightly curved on its anterior
edge. Transtilla scarcely sclerotized but w^ith well-developed, nar-
row hairy lobes. Aedeagus about as long as harpe, slender, pointed
and sharply curved at basal and distal ends ; at the base are a small
bulbous process dorsally and a broad spoon-shaped sclerotized por-
tion ventrally by which the aedeagus articulates with the anellus.
Tegumen broad, rather short. Socii small.

190 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, more so laterally. Os-
tium small, elongate. Ductus bursae membranous except an elon-
gate, curved, sclerotized area on one side about the middle ; inception
of ductus seminalis just before ostium. Bursa copulatrix large with
well developed signum.

Alar expanse, 17-21 mm.

Type.—\J. S. N. M. No. 52075.

Type locality'. — Skyline Ridge, Mount Baker District, Wliatcom
County, Wash., altitude 6,200 feet.

Food plant. — Lomatium angustatuni (Coult. and Rose) St. Jolin.

Remarks. — Described from the 5 type, 9 $ and 6 9 paratypes all
from the type locality. All were collected by the author. Paratypes
in the United States National, Canadian National, and H. H. Keifer
collections.

The larvae, from which the type series was reared, were collected
on August 17 and 18, 1933. From the larvae collected 25 pupae were
obtained. From these pupae 16 moths emerged. Pupation began
on August 21 and ended August 24; emergence of the moths began
on August 31 and ended September 2.

The host of this species is a small plant growing on open gravelly
slopes or on rock outcrops where considerable fracturing of the basic
rocks has taken place. The basal leaves of the plant are frequently
closely appressed to the ground and it is in these leaves that the larva
does most of its feeding. Frequently, however, the more erect leaves
are involved by the tubes and webs spun by the larva. The silken
tubes in which the larva lives are constructed among the broken
rocks and soil and frequently extend several inches down cracks in
the rock, thus providing an excellent hiding place for the larva when
not feeding.

This species is clearly related to multifidae but may readily be
distinguished from that species by its genitalia.

DEPRESSARIA TOGATA Walsingham

Plate 37, Figure 200B

Depressaria togata Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 254, 18S9. — Riley, in
Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5282, 1891. — Busck, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 746, 1902; m Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5885, 1903.— KEARroTT, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6428, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200,
1908. — Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6474, 1917. — Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
ISO, p. 172, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 242,
1923. — IMcDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8397, 1939.—
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 294, 1939.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 191

"Antenna purplish-fuscous. Palpi cinereous, speckled with fuscous
externally on the second joint; apical joint entirely suffused with
fuscous, with the exception of the apex which is ochreous. Head,
dull grayish-ochreous ; face paler. Thorax, cinereous, speckled with
fuscous. Fore wings pale grayish-ochreous, thickly suffused and
streaked with purplish-fuscous, the markings ill-defined, consisting
of a dark fuscous patch at the base of the dorsal margin, a dash of
the same color immediately above the middle of the wing at one third
from base, followed by some pale grayish-ochreous scales; a pale
grayish-ochreous spot on the middle of the wing at about the end of
the cell is preceded and followed by fuscous scales, and beyond and
above it are several fuscous dashes radiating outwards to the costal
and to the upper half of the apical margin, where is a row of obscure
fuscous spots preceding the somewhat paler mottled cilia. Hind
wings, pale shining whitish-gray, with the cilia scarcely darker in
which a slight tinge of grayish-ochreous is traceable. Abdomen,
grayish-ochreous."

Male genitalia. — Essentially like angustati but with the posterior
margin of the anellus narrower and the lateral edge entire, convex.
The clasper is outwardly angulate instead of evenly curved.

Alar expanse, 20 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — "Montana."

Food plan t. — Unknown.

Disfrihution. — Known only from the type locality.

Remarks. — The above color description is taken from the original.
I have drawn up the brief description of the male genitalia from a
sketch (see fig. 200B) kindly submitted by Herbert Stringer, of the
British Museum.

Mr. Stringer states {in litt.) that ''Hogata is nearest to angustati
but not that species," or any of the others included in this paper,
and of which I submitted drawings of the genitalia.

The figure of the male genitalia is a copy of the sketch sent by
Mr. Stringer and shows adequately the differences between tog at a
and the other species.

In 1902 ^* Busck applied the name togata to specimens from Colo-
rado and Vermont. The Colorado specimens, which are before me,
are not this species, as the genitalia indicate, but represent an unde-
scribed species. I am leaving this series undescribed until more
and better material comes to hand, because the moths are now faded
and were none too good when collected. The Vermont specimens
were probably hetulella; I know of no species in the togata-angustati
complex east of the Kocky IVIountains.

3* Busck, A., Proc. IJ. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 746, 1002.

192 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

In tliis complex the moths are so much alike superficially that it is
almost impossible to separate the various species except by a comparison
of genitalia. The species are widespread throughout the far west
and each appears to be confined to its particular food plant and re-
stricted geographical area.

I have not included togata in the keys because of my inadequate
knowledge of the species and because of the uselessness of trying to
separate the species of this group entirely on coloration.

DEPRESSARIA GROTELLA Robinson

Plate 34, Figtjees 192-192b ; Plate 47, Fiqukes 277, 277a

Depressaria groiella Robinson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 9, p. 157, pi.
1, fig. 10, 1870. — Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312. — Coquil-
LETT, Papilio, vol. 3, p. 98, 1883.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 24, p. 748,
1902. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 172, 1922. —
Forces, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 242, 1923.

Depressaria groteella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 138,
1878. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5264,
l§9l._BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5890, 1903.— Keaefott, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6433. 1903.— Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6479, 1917. — Traver, Psyche,
vol. 26, p. 78, 1919. — Barnes and Btjsck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4,
p. 233, 1920. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and
the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8405, 1939.—
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 283, 1939.

Depressaria symmocMota Meyrick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 2, p. 223, 1918. —
Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 242, 1923.— McDunnough,
Cheek list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8405, 1939 (cited as synonym of groteella
Chambers).

Labial palpus pale whitish ochreous; second segment irrorated with
fuscous exteriorly and suffused with fuscous in the brush ; third seg-
ment with blackish-fuscous subbasal and supramedial annuli, the
fonner poorly defined. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale ochreous;
head infuscated above; collar blackish fuscous; tegula suffused and
thorax irrorated with fuscous ; fore wing heavily overlaid with brown
and streaked and irrorated with blackish fuscous, especially along
veins ; at basal third a whitish discal spot, followed at the end of cell
by a similarly colored spot; between the two a prominent, longi-
tudinal, blackish-fuscous streak ; base of wing, in anal angle, blackish
fuscous rapidly fading to brown; from middle of costa, around ter-
men to inner margin, a series of blackish-fuscous spots; cilia light
fuscous with a darker fuscous, median band. Hind wing very pale
fuscous with considerable white scaling apically and with a narrow
blackish-fuscous terminal line; cilia pale fuscous, white tipped and
with a fuscous subbasal band. Legs pale whitish-ochreous overlaid

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 193

and mottled with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen pale ochreous
slightly infuscated above and with a fuscous line (sometimes rather
poorly defined) on each side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, sparsely clothed with long hairs;
cucullus pointed; clasper very broad, wider than half the width of
harpe, terminating in two widely separated points, one of which ex-
tends beyond ventral edge of harpe ; sacculus short, narrowly folded.
Anellus a moderately sclerotized plate abruptly constricted posteriorly ;
posterior edge concave; anterior edge convex, produced laterally;
sides oblique; anterior end of anellus broader than posterior end.
Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a diamond-shaped plate with mod-
erately well-developed, hairy lobes. Aedeagus short, stout, with a
slight twist ; vesica armed with very fine spinules. Tegiunen and socii
greatly elongated, fused; socii with few hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized with
a long roAv of hairs posteriorly; ostiiun a longitudinal slit between
Eaised edges. Ductus bursae a long membranous spiral; inception
of ductus seminalis just before the ostiiun. Bursa copulatrix large,
with a well-developed signum.

Alar expanse, 20-22 mm.

Type. — In American Museum of Natural History.

Type localities. — "New York," "Pennsylvania."

Food plant. — Corylus americana Wait.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

Maine: Sebec Lake, 2 $ S,2 $ ? (July 16-23).
New York: (no data).
Pennsylvania: (no data).

Canadian records

Manitoba: Aweme (July 8, 1925, R. Bird [rf. Corylus']).

Ontario: Bobcaygeon (June 28, 1931, J. McDunnough [rf. Corylus]); Ottawa

(July 27, 1905, July 21, August IG, 190G, C. H. Young; June 21, 1927, J.

McDunnough ) .
Quebec: Aylmer (June 23, 1927, J. McDunnough [rf. Hazelwood]) ; Gracefield (no

other data) ; Kazubazua (June 30- July 4, 1927, J. McDunnough).

Remarks. — This and the following species {maculatella) are very
closely related. In superficial appearance groteUa is much darker
than maculatella and the males can be easily separated on genitalic
characters. The female genitalia of grotella have a long row of hairs
on the posterior edge of the genital plate and the ostium is consider-
ably shorter than the width of the genital plate; in maculatella the
row of hairs is reduced to about half a dozen and the ostium is much
longer.

286614-^1 11

194 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

DEPRESSARIA MACULATELLA Busck

Plate 34, Figuees I91-191b ; Plate 47, Figure 275

Depressaria maculateUa Bubck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 9, p. 90, 1908. —
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Baknes and McDtrNNOUQH,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6481, 1917. — Meteick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 172, 1922. — Forbes, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 242, 1923.— McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2,
Microlepidoptera), No. 8407, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum cata-
logus, pt. 92, p. 287, 1939.

Labial palpus white; second segment irrorated with fuscous and
black and suffused with fuscous in the brush; third segment with
subbasal annulus and apex blackish fuscous. Antenna brown, broadly
annulated with dull ochreous-white ; basal segment ochreous-white
beneath. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing ochreous-
white suffused with brown and irrorated and streaked with blackish
fuscous, with much ochreous scaling; at extreme base, from costa to
inner angle a transverse blackish fuscous line interrupted at middle
by the white ground color; at basal third a poorly defined white
discal spot preceded by some blackish fuscous scales; at the end of
cell a similar spot; between the two a conspicuous longitudinal, black-
ish-fuscous streak; veins 9 and 10 strongly marked with blackish
fuscous ; the bases of the other veins less conspicuously so ; on costa,
about middle, a blackish-fuscous spot; from apical third of costa,
around termen to inner margin, a series of blackish-fuscous spots;
cilia concolorous, white, with fuscous suffusion and irrorations. Hind
wing whitish fuscous, darker apically; cilia white with fuscous sub-
basal band. Legs whitish ochreous suffused and mottled with fus-
cous except at joints ; metatarsus of fore leg white. Abdomen ochre-
ous, sparsely irrorated with blackish fuscous beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, without process from base of sacculus
or costal margin ; sparsely clothed with long hairs ; cucuUus narrowly
rounded; clasper wide, flattened, extending beyond ventral edge of
harpe, terminating in one long and one short point; sacculus short,
broadly folded. Anellus a flat plate, constricted posteriorly; sides
strongly convex ; posterior edge deeply concave ; anterior edge pro-
duced laterally. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla roughly rectangu-
lar; without hairy lobes. Aedeagus short, stout, with a slight twist;
vesica armed with small spinules. Tegumen and socii greatly produced
posteriorly forming an elongated hood.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotizecl with
a row of about half a dozen hairs posteriorly ; ostium narrow, elongate,
bordered on either side by a raised edge. Ductus bursae a long mem-

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 195

branous spiral; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostiiun.
Bursa copulatrix large, with a well-developed, though small signum.

Alar expanse, 21-23 mm.

Tyfe. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — "Ontario," Canada.

'Food j)lant. — ?

Distribution. — Northeastern United States.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, $ (13-VIII-1910, Ctias. R. Ely).

New York: Ithaca, 2 $ ? (36-IX-35, J. G. Franclemont) ; Onteora Mountain,

? (1927, L. O.Howard).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 5 (1&-IX-1903, A. F. Braun).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, o $ $ (August and September dates; H. D.
Merrick).

Remarks. — ^Although very close to grotella and hetulella, this species
is distinct from both in genitalia and coloration. From grotella it
may be distinguished by the narrower clasper and from hetuleUa by
the rectangular transtilla in the males; in the female it may be dis-
tinguished from grotella by the small number of hairs on the posterior
part of the genital plate and from hetuleUa by the slitlike ostium.

DEPRESSARIA BETULELLA Busck

Plate 34, Figuees 193-193b; Piate 47, Figures 276, 276a

Depressaria letulella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 746, 1902;
m Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 58S6, 1903; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Babnes and McDuNNotrGH, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6480, 1917. — MErracK, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 172, 1922. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 68, p. 242, 1923.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8406, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 275,
1939.

Labial palpus light ochreous; second segment irrorated exteriorly
with black ; third segment with indistinct subbasal and broad supra-
medial annuli, black. Antenna light oclireous with purplish-black
annulations ; basal segment black above. Face pale whitish ochreous.
Head and thorax light oclireous, irrorated with brown ; collar blackish
fuscous ; tegula blackish fuscous. Fore wing light ochreous suffused
with fuscous and irrorated and streaked with black; extreme base of
costa and base of wing in inner angle black, the latter rapidly fading
to fuscous ; at basal third, in cell, a whitish-ochreous discal spot pre-
ceded and followed by a few black scales ; at the end of cell a similar
discal spot. At apical third a poorly defined, outwardly curved,

196 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

narrow, pale ochreous fascia; from middle of costa, around termen
to inner margin, a series of pronounced black spots; cilia pale
ochreous strongly infuscated. Hind wing yellowish fuscous, darker
apically and with a narrow, blackish-fuscous line before cilia; cilia
whitish ochreous, banded with fuscous. Legs pale ochreous suffused
and mottled with blackish fuscous except at joints. Abdomen ochreous
suffused with fuscous above and with a blackish-fuscous line on each
side beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe without process from base of sacculus or
costa; moderately clothed with long hairs; cucuUus bluntly pointed;
clasper broad, less than half the width of harpe, flattened, extending be-
yond ventral margin and terminating in one long and one short point ;
sacculus short, narrowly folded. Anellus a sclerotized plate abruptly
constricted posteriorly; posterior edge concave; anterior and lateral
edges convex, the former more than the latter; posterior edge pro-
duced laterally. Vinculum rounded. Transtilla a diamond-shaped
sclerotized plate with slightly developed hairy lobes. Aedeagus short,
stout, with a twist ; vesica armed with many small spinules. Tegumen
and socii distinctly rounded, sparsely clothed with hairs.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized ex-
cept around the ostium where it is nearly membranous; the portion
of the plate surrounding the ostium is raised and roughly triangular
in shape (apex posteriorly). Ostium broadly oval. Ductus bursae
a long membranous spiral ; inception of ductus seminalis well before
ostium. Bursa copulatrix large with well-developed signum.

Alar expanse, 20-23 mm.

Type. — In United States National Museum.

Type locality. — "Pennsylvania."

Food plant. — Betula (sp. ?) ; Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) Koch.

Distribution. — Northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, 2 S 3 ( 14-VII-14 ; 2-VIII-lO, Chas. R. Ely).
District of Columbia: $ ("ll-VI-'84").

New Jersey: Greenwood Lake, 2 $ 9 (26-VI, W. D. Kearfott).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 13 $ $, 8 5 2 (July to September dates, H. D.
Merrick).

Canadian records

Ontario: Biscotasing (August 16, 1931, K. Schedl) ; Bobcaygeon (July 5, 1932,
J. McDunnough) ; Ottawa (July 19-30, 1905 and 1906, C. H. Young).

Quebec: Meach Lake (July 23, 1933, C. H. Young) ; Otter Lake (August 6, 1931,
G. S. Walley).

Remarks. — This species is close to grotella and maculatella but is
amply distinct in genitalia (both male and female) and lacks the black
discal dash so prominent in both the other species.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 197

6. APACHEA, new genus

Plate 2, Figure 16 ; Plate G, Figure 40 ; Plate 13, Figukes 86, 86a, 86b ;
Plate 15, Figure 94

Genotype. — Depi-essaria harherella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 24, p. 747, 1902.

Similar to Depressaria but with broadly triangular brush on second
segment of palpus, fused anellus and transtilla in the male genitalia
and with the signum of the female genitalia a distinct cross.

Head with appressecl scales; side tufts spreading; tongue de-
veloped; antenna simple in both sexes; basal segment elongate, with
pecten. Labial palpus moderately long, recurved; third segment
nearly as long as second, acute; brush of second segment broadly
triangular, flared. Thorax with two small crests. Abdomen flat-
tened. Fore wing with 12 veins ; 2 and 3 closely approximate ; 7 and
8 stalked, 7 to costa; 11 from before middle. Hind wing broader
than fore wing; 8 veins; 3 and 4 short stalked, 5 separate from 4;
6 and 7 subparallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe with clasper. Anellus and transtilla fused.
Uncus distinctly wanting. Aedeagus armed. Gnathos a spined
knob. Socii wanting.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized. Signum
present.

Larva. — Ninth abdominal segment with setae I and H well sep-
arated ; setae VI on the same pinaculum with IV and V, remote from
VII. Setal group VII with multiple hairs (4 to 6) on abdominal
segments 2 to 7, trisetose on eighth and unisetose on ninth abdominal
segments. A few secondary hairs on anterior margin of prothoracic
shield and on anal prolegs. Ocelli normal. Submentum without pit.

Pupa. — Pubescent. Prothoracic femora and labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — This genus is closely allied to both Depressaria and
Ago7ioptenx but appears to be a specialized offshoot from the
former. It can be distinguished readily from both by the fused anel-
lus and transtilla and armed aedeagus of male, the 4-pointed signum
of female, and the proximity of veins 2, 3, and 4 of fore wing.

In the larval stage Apachea is distinguished from other genera of
American Oecophoridae by the presence of secondary hairs in setal
group VII, a character which otherwise distinguishes the family
Ethmiidae. The pupa is typically oecophorid with essentially the
same characters as the pupae of Agonopterix and HofmannopMla.

The genotype is the only species I have seen referable to this genus.

198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

APACHEA BARBERELLA (Busck), new combination

Depressaria harierella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, p. 747, 1902. —
Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5887, 1903.— Kearfott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6431, 1903.—
Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Barnes and McDun-
NOUQH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6477, 1917. — Mey-
EiCK, in Wytsraan, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 171, 1922. — McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8401, 1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidoptero-
rum catalogus, pt. 92, p. 275, 1939.

Male genitalia. — Harpe clothed with fine hairs; clasper broad bas-
ally, flat, sharply pointed and situated near cucullus ; sacculus narrow,
strongly sclerotized. Anellns consisting of a small sclerotized plate,
which is deeply cleft on the anterior margin; a narrow lightly scle-
rotized band connecting the above plate with a strongly sclerotized
rectangular part posteriorly; the posterior part consists of the trans-
tilla and part of the anellus which form a ring through which the
aedeagus passes; on the lateroposterior corner of the transtilla is a
conical, fleshy lobe. Vinculum produced anteriorly into a point.
Aedeagus stout, curved and sharply pointed, and armed with many
sharp teeth in the middle portion. Gnathos a spined oval knob.
Socii and uncus lacking (a few hairs indicate the position of the
socii).

Female genitalia. — Genital plate moderately broad. Ostium large,
protruding, round, lateral margins slightly produced, winglike; an-
terior margin very narrow. Ductus bursae stout, sclerotized poste-
riorly ; inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copula-
trix large, elongate with a large cross-shaped signum in posterior end.

Alar expanse, 21-31 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — ^Williams, Ariz.

Food plant. — Prunus sp.

Distribution. — Southwestern United States.

United States records

Arizona: Paradise, Cochise County, $ ; Santa Catalina Mountains, 4 S $ ,4 9 $
(June 10-24, 1913, Carl Heinrich [Hopkins No. 12114]); Huachuca
Mountains, S.

Colorado: Boulder $ (April 15, T. D. A. Cockerell).

New Mexico: Jemez Springs, 2 $ S, 2 $ 9 (April 8-15) ; Jemez Mountains,
6,600 feet, 4 ^5,19 (June 28-September 13, 1915, John Woodgate).

7. Genus MACHIMIA Clemens

Plate 3, Figure 26 ; Plate 5, Figure 33 ; Plate 10, Figures 70, 70a ; Plate 14,

Figure 92

MacMmia Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860, p. 211 ; Stainton,
Tineina of North America, p. 147-148, 1872. — Zeller, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 199

Wien, vol. 23, p. 239, 1873; Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. 13, p. 258-259, 1877.—
Chambers, U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 156, 1878.— Butler, Trans.
Ent. Soc. London, 1883, p. 50.— Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 150-151,
18S9._RiLEy, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 98,
1891 — BusCK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 520, 1903.— Kearfott, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 113, 1903.— Mkyeick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 79, 1922.— Fletcher, Mem.
Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 131, 1929.— Gaede, in Bryk (part),
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 135, 1938. (Genotype: Maclvimia
tentorifereUa Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Scl. Philadelphia, 1861, p. 212.)

Labial palpus long, recurved; terminal segment shorter than
second, acute; second segment roughened beneath. Antenna strongly
ciliated in male, simple in female; basal segment without pecten.
Tongue well developed.

Fore wing with costa slightly arched, termen slightly oblique,
weakly concave; 12 veins; 2 remote from 3; 3, 4 and 5 approximate,

7 and 8 stalked, 7 to termen just below apex ; 11 from before middle.
Hind wing as broad as fore wing ; apex rounded, termen oblique ;

8 veins ; 3 and 4 connate or short stalked, 6 and 7 parallel at base,
divergent distally; discocellulars inwardly oblique between 3 and 7.

Male genitalia.— C\?iS]}QV present. Anellus with lateral projections.
Gnathos spined. Vesica armed (^^e^iZ^oW/e re ^Za). Socii absent. Uncus
well developed.

Female genitalia. — Signum absent. Ductus bursae partly
sclerotized.

Larva.— ChuTSicters essentially as in Agonopterix: Ninth abdominal
segment with setae I and II well separated; seta VI not on the same
pinaculum with IV and V, remote from VII. Setal group VII bisetose
on first and seventh, unisetose on eighth and ninth abdominal seg-
ments. Ocelli normal. Submentum without pit.

Pupa.—Smooth. Prothoracic femora and labial palpi not exposed.
Cremaster absent.

Remarks.— The absence of the cremaster distinguishes the pupa of
this genus from Carcina.

I agree with Meyrick ^^ in separating MacUmia from Cryptolechin
but cannot agree with his synonymizing of Eoplitica with Machimia.
The former does not agree with the latter at all on genitalia. Meyrick
also places in synonymy the three following Australian genera:
Gcm-Tia Walker, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection
of the British Museum, vol. 35, p. 1835, 1866. (Genotype: Qarrha sincerella
Walker.)
Hoplomorpha Turner, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 41, p. 373, 1916.
(Genotype: Cryptolcchia abalie7iella Walker, List of the specimens of
lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 762,
1864.)

» Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 79, 1922.

200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Lepidozancla Tubneb, ibid., vol. 41, p. 375, 1916. (Genotype: Leindozancla
zatrephes Turner, ibid., vol. 41, p. 376, 1016.)

It does not seem likely that these genera and Machimia are con-
generic, but until the genitalia of the genotypes are carefully studied
we must accept Meyrick's classification.

Busck^'^ and Walsingham ^^ have correctly separated Psilocorsis
from Ci^ptolechia and Machimia^ on the distance of veins 2, 3, and 4
from each other, but have synonymized the latter two. As stated
above, I follow Meyrick in the separation of G infptolecliia and Mach-
imia^ his contention being borne out by genitalic as well as palpal
characters. Of the American species formerly included in this genus
all but teiitoriferella are referable to other genera.

MACHIMIA TENTORIFERELLA Clemens

Machimia tentoriferella Clemens, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860, p.
212; in Stainton, The Tineina of North America, p. 148, 1872.— Chambers,
U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, pp. 120, 156, 1878.— Riley, in Smith,
List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5225, 1891. — Busck, in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5853, 1S03 ; Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5,
p. 205, 1903. — Keakfott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6396, 1903. — IVIetrick^ in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 82, 1922.— Fletcheb, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11,
p. 131, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 143,
1938. — McDuNNOXJGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8383, 1939.

Machimia tentoriftiella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 83,
1878.

Cryptolechia tentoriferella (Clemens) Zeller, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23,
p. 238, 1873; Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. 13, p. 259, 1877.— Chambers, U. S.
Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 137, 1878.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6424, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr,
Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 235, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 101, p. 544, 1928.

Depressnri^ fertialdelln Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4. p. 83,
1878.

Depressaria confertella- Walker, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects
in the collection of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 563, 1864. — Waxsingham,
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 312.

Machimia confertella (Walker) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8383, 1939 (cited as synonym of M. tentoriferella Clemens).

Machimia fernaldella (Chambers) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8383, 1939 (cited as synonym of M. tentoriferella Clemens).

Labial palpus pale yellowish white; second segment strongly suf-
fused with blackish fuscous exteriorly on basal half; basal third,

"8 Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 194, 1908.

^ Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 122, 1912.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 201

inwardly, irrorated with blackish fuscous. Antenna ochreous, annu-
lated with fuscous. Head pale whitish ochreous. Thorax and fore
wing reddish ochreous, sparsely irrorated with blackish fuscous; at
basal third, in cell, a blackish-fuscous spot followed by a similar one
at the end of cell ; on vein Ic, about equidistant from both discal dots,
a third blackish- fuscous spot; from costa, about middle, a row of
blackish-fuscous spots to vein 7 then sharply angulated to inner margin
at about two-thirds; around termen a series of small, blackish-fuscous
spots; cilia ochreous. Hind wing fuscous with reddish cast; cilia
ochreous with a fuscous subbasal band. Legs ochreous, heavily over-
laid with fuscous except at joints. Abdomen ochreous, irrorated and
suffused with blackish fuscous.

Male genitalm. — Harpe long, narrow, slightly clothed with hairs;
cucullus rounded; clasper small, stout, pointed; sacculus narrowly
folded. Anellus with lateral projections well developed. Gnathos
large, spined. Aedeagus large, stout; vesica armed with numerous
strong cornuti. Socii undeveloped ; uncus broad, spoon-shaped.

Female genitalia. — Bur^a copulatrix without signum. Ductus
bursae membranous except just before ostium, there sclerotized.

Alar expanse, 19-28 mm.

Types. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia {ten-
toriferella) ; in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge,
Mass. (?) {fernaldella) ; in the British Museum {confertella).

Type localities. — Unknown ( tentorifcrella) ; Maine {fernaldella) ;
Nova Scotia {confertella).

Food plants. — Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh., Oephalanthics
occidentalis L., Syrlnga vulgaris L., apple, cherry, elm, hazel, hickory,
oak.

Distribution. — Eastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

District of Columbia: Washington, 7 $S (17-IX-1884, no collector; 16-10-
82, no collector; 1-6-XI-1914 and 27-IX-1933, A. Busck).

Iowa: Iowa City, 2 (September 1917, A. W. Lindsey) ; Sioux City, $ (Septem-
ber 3, 1921, A. W. Lindsey).

Maine: 2 5 2 (one September 28, 1909; the other without date or collector).

Maryland: Plummers Island, 3 $ $ (29-IX-1905, A. Busck) ; $ (October 4,
1932, George P. Engelhardt).

Massachusetts: Cambridge, $ (no date or collector) ; Newton Highlands, $ (no
date) ; Springfield, 2 5 5 (9-IX-1897 and 30-VII-1897, George Dimmock,
Nos. 1204, 1208).

Michigan: St. Clair County, $ (September 1, 1927; no collector).

New Hampshire: Canobie Lake, 2 (14-IX-1892, George Dimmock, No. 10.54).

New Jersey: Elizabeth, 2 ("9-19," A. J. Weidt) ; Essex County, 2 2 2 (27-IX-
1902, W. D. Kearfott) ; Montclair, $, 2 (lO-IX-1899, 2o-IX-1899, W. D.
Kearfott) ; Woodside, S ("9-19", A. J. Weidt).

202 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

New York: Ilion, $ (23-IX-1911, H. McElhose) ; Kendall, $,2 5 $ (no date;
H. S. Burnett) ; Onteora Moimtam, Greene County, $ (l-IX-1929, L. O.
Howard) ; Staten Island, 2 $ S (17-IX-1902, no collector) ; Utica, $ (4-IX-
1911, H. McElliose).

Ohio: Cincinnati, $ (20-IX-1909, A. F. Brauu).

Pennsylvania : Arendtsville, 2 S S (2-IX-1918 ; ll-IX-1918, S. W. Frost) ; Hazel-
ton, S (no date; Dr. Dietz) ; New Brighton, 7 $ $ , 4 2 5 (September and
October dates, 1902-1905, H. D. Merrick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County,
8 $ S,4 5 9 (September dates, 1908-1911, Fred Marloff).

Rhode Island: Newport, 2 $ $ (no date; W. Barnes) ; Weekapaug, 2 5 5 (Sep-
tember 14, 1904, H. G. Dyar).

Virginia: Falls Church, 2 5 5 (19-IX-1913 and l-X-1913, C. Heinrich [Hopkins
No. 11132b]).

Canadian records

Ontario: Bobcaygeon (August 16-28, 1932, J. McDunnough) ; Ottawa (August
27, 1905; August 21-26, 1931, C. H. Young).

Remarks. — The habit of feeding on a large assortment of food
plants is unusual for species of this family, and I know no other in
North America that is such a general feeder.

8. HIMMACIA, new genus

Plate 4, Figuees 31, 32 ; Plate 9, Figures 64, 64a ; Plate 18, Figuke 110

Genotype. — Cryptolechia Tiuachucella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 195, 1908.

Labial palpus long, slender, recurved; terminal segment shorter
than second, acute ; second segment slightly roughened beneath. An-
tenna strongly ciliated in male, simple in female ; basal segment with-
out pecten. Tongue well developed.

Fore wing with cost a slightly arched, termen slightly oblique,
straight ; 12 veins ; 2 rather distant from 3 ; 4 and 5 closely approxi-
mate ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 7 to apex ; 11 from before middle.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing, apex rather pointed, termen
oblique, slightly convex; 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate; 6 and 7 subpar-
allel; discocellulars strongly outwardly oblique between 4 and 6;
inwardly oblique between 6 and 7.

Male genitalia. — Harpe with clasper. Gnathos broad, spined. Socii
absent. Vesica armed. Uncus present.

Female genitalia. — Signum present. Ostium large.

Remarks. — This genus appears to be closely allied to Machimia,
PsilocoTsis, and Inga. It may be distinguished from all these genera
by the direction of the discocellulars of the hind wing. The male
genitalia differ from those of MacJiimia in lacking the lateral proc-
esses of the anellus, from Inga in having a spined gnathos, and from
Psilocorsis in possessing a clasper. The female genitalia differ from
those of Machimia and Inga in possessing a signum ; from Psilocorsis
in having a single bursa. The only species I have seen that is refer-
able to this genus is the genotype.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 203

HIMMACIA HUACHUCELLA (Busck), new combination

CryptolecJhki Imachucella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908. —
Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 6421, 1917.

Machimia liuaclutcella (Busck) Meykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 82, 1922. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 139,
1938. — McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8381, 1939.

Cryptolechia diligenda Meyrick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 3, p. 477, 1928.
(New synonymy.)

Labial palpus ochreous-white with reddish tinge; second segment
shaded with brown exteriorly on basal half and with an indistinct
rose-red shade at apex; third segment with an indistinct, brown sub-
basal amiulus and a narrow, indistinct, longitudinal blackish line
anteriorly. Antenna ochreous-white suffused with salmon above;
basal segment red above; in male the antenna is strongly cilate (about
4). Face shining ochreous-white. Head, thorax, and fore wing
unicolorous sahnon-oclireous ; costa slightly more red. Cilia pale
ochreous preceded by sparse, red irrorations. Hind wing light
ochreous-fuscous slightly darker around margins; cilia ochreous.
Legs ochreous-white suffused with dark brown exteriorly except at
joints. Abdomen ochreous-white suffused with reddish-ochreous
above.

Male genitalia! — Harpe slender, clothed with hairs; clasper long,
slender, nearly attaining costa; cucullus rounded, narrow; sacculus
broadly folded, strongly sclerotized. Anellus a sunple V-shaped
plate. Aedeagus long, slightly bent ; vesica armed with 5 or 6 strong,
sharply pointed cornuti and two triangular, sclerotized plates, each
with a finely serrated edge. Vinculum broadly pointed. Transtilla
membranous with well developed lateral, hairy lobes. Gnathos broad,
armed with spines. Uncus moderately short, curved, pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate simple. Ostium very large, nearly
as wide as plate. Ductus bursae sclerotized just before ostium and
also before the inception of the ductus seminalis ; inception of ductus
seminalis at posterior two-thirds of ductus bursae. Bursa copulatrix
large, round; signum a simple, small, sclerotized plate with median
keel, and situated in posterior part of bursa copulatrix.

Alar expanse, 21-25 mm.

Ti/pe. — In the United States National Museum (huachucella) ; in
the British Museum {diligenda) .

Type localities. — Huachuca Mountains, Ariz, {huachucella) ;
"Texas" {diligenda) .

Distribution. — Southwestern United States.

204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM voi,. 90

United States records

Arizona: Baboquivari Mountains, Pima County, 3 $ $ (15-30 July 1924, O. C.

Poling) ; Huachuca Mountains, S $ S ; Palmerlee, Cochise County, 5 $ $ ,

2 9 9; Redington, 2 $ $.
Texas: No further data.

Remarks. — The description of diligenda agrees in every detail with
the type of huacliuceTla so there appears to be no doubt about the
synonymy.

9. Genus PSILOCORSIS Clemens

Plate 3, Figure 24 ; Plate 5, Figure 38 ; Plate 8, Figures 59, 59a ; Plate 17,

Figure 105

Psilocorsis Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 12, p. 212, 1860;
in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 149-151, 1872. — Zeller, Verh.
zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 239, 1873.— Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington,
vol. 5, p. 207, 1903 ; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 196, 1908.— Walsingham,
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 118-119, 1912. — Barnes
and McDuNNouQH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 160,
1917.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 235-236, 1923.—
Brimlet, The insects of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938. (Genotype:
Psilocorsis quercicella Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 12,
p. 212, 1860.)

Eagno Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 129-132, 191, 1872 ; Journ. Cincinnati Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, p. 198, 1880. (Genotype: Eagno faginella Chambers, Can,
Ent.vol. 4,p. 131, 1872.)

Labial palpus long, slender, smooth, always with conspicuous longi-
tudinal stripes; terminal segment scarcely shorter than second. An-
tenna simple, without pecten on basal segment ; tongue well developed.

Fore wing with costa arched, termen slightly oblique, straight; 12
veins ; 2 from near angle, 3-5 approximate, 5 and 6 parallel, 7 and 8
stalked, 7 to apex, 11 from before middle of cell.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing ; apex rounded, termen oblique ; 8
veins; 3 and 4 connate or short stalked, 5 equidistant from 4 and 6;
6 and 7 nearly parallel, slightly divergent at tip.

Male genitalia. — Harpe long, narrow, without clasper, moderately
clothed with hairs. Anellus membranous, with long, fingerlike lateral
lobes. Aedeagus stout ; vesica armed with one or more strong cornuti.
Gnathos large, broad, spined. Uncus simple. Socii absent.

Female genitalia. — Signum large, many branched. Bursa copula-
trix double.

Larva. — Ninth abdominal segment with setae I and II well separated.
Seta VI closely associated and on the same pinaculum with setae
IV and V. Setal group VII (as in Agonopterix) bisetose on first and
seventh, unisetose on eighth and ninth abdominal segments. Ocelli
normal. Submentum without pit.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 205

Pupa. — Smooth. Prothoracic femora exposed. Labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster present (short but distinctly developed) , straight
(not hooklike).

Remarks. — This genus is remarkably homogeneous and the species,
for the most part, are difficult to separate.

The larva is at once distinguished from larvae of other American
oecophorid genera (studied) by the above association of setae IV, V,
and VI of the ninth abdominal segment on a single pinaculum.

The pupa is characterized by exposed femora, developed cremaster
and lack of exposed labial palpi and absence of pubescence.

The specific separation, based on genitalia, is especially difficult
in the males. The simplicity of the genital structures and the similar-
ity in the armature of the vesica prohibit the selection of suitable
characters for keying out the larger part of the species. A key is pre-
sented, but when more preparations of the genitalia are made and
larger series of bred specimens are studied the characters used may
prove unstable.

The females appear to possess better characters for separation.
Although the sclerotized portions of the ductus bursae are strik-
ingly similar and, with few exceptions, useless for separating the
species, I believe the number of branches on the signa are relatively
constant within a species. With this in mind I have used the signa,
in most cases, for separating the various species.

As good superficial characters for the separation of species are
lacking, I have used alar expanse in several cases. This is ad-
mittedly weak but is the only tangible character available. Large
bred series will, in some cases, render the use of alar expanse value-
less, but for the present we must rely upon it.

Busck =*^ placed seven species in the genus. Gibson ^^ added -fietch-
erella in 1909 and I have described one other {caryae) as new in
this paper. I have made ferrugiiwsa a synonym of faginella because I
can find nothing except its lighter color on which to base separation.
Two of the species are retained only because I do not feel justified
in placing them in synonymy on present evidence, bringing to eight
the total number of described species from North America.

Despite the fact that we have many food-plant records compara-
tively little is known of the larvae. Two species, ohsoletella and
quercicella^ can be separated easily on larval characters, but we
know nothing about the characters of the larvae of the other species.
The larvae, with one or two exceptions, feed on the leaves of trees
and shrubs and pupate between two tied leaves.

88 Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 197, 1908.
3" Gibson, A., Ottawa Nat., vol. 22, p. 226, 1909.

206 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

At present I have before me several species that appear to be
distinct from those already described, but their description must
await the receipt of more carefully reared material accompanied
by larvae that have been properly associated with the moths.

The generic synonymy as given by Meyrick/'' cannot be considered
correct for our North American species. Until more careful study
of all the genotypes can be made we must accept Meyrick's synonymy
for the species outside of North American, but the American
genera {Psilocorsis and Inga) certainly do not belong with Crypto-
lechia. The double bursa and the remarkable signum of the females
of Psilocorsis immediately distinguish this genus from all other
American oecophorids.

KEY TO SPECIES OF PSILOCORSIS BASED PRIMARILY ON
COLORATION

1. Fore wing with a broad, dark, transverse fascia at outer two-

thirds obsoletella (Zeller) (p. 209)

Fore wing without such fascia 2

2. Fore wing with distinct purplish luster; species dark colored 3

Fore wing without purplish luster, or if this is present, it is only

faintly indicated; light-colored species 4

3. Alar expanse 19 mna fletcherella Gibson (p. 216)

Alar expanse 18 mm. or less caryae, new species (p. 215)

4. Alar expanse 18 mm. or more 5

Alar expanse 16 mm. or less " quercicella Clemens (p. 207)

5. Fore wing with dark markings confined to the outer discal spot

and a few spots around termen faginella (Chambers) (part) (p. 213)

Fore wing otherwise 6

6. Thorax much darker than head reflexella Clemens (p. 212)

Thorax and head nearly concolorous faginella (Chambers) (part) (p. 213)

KEY TO SPECIES OF PSILOCORSIS BASED PRIMARILY ON
MALE GENITALIA

1."^ First abdominal segment with hair pencil 2

^First abdominal segment without hair pencil 3

2. Vescica armed with one large cornutus and a patch of smaller

ones (fig. 133) obsoletella (Zeller) (p. 209)

Vesica armed only with a patch of small cornuti (fig. 59a)

quercicella Clemens (p. 207)

3. Base of large cornutus broad, strongly sclerotized; the cornutus

short, stout, curved (figs. 131, 134) 4

Base of large cornutus not appreciably broadened and weakly
sclerotized; the cornutus straight, nearly as long as distal
width of aedeagus (fig. 132) caryae, new species (p. 215)

4. Vinculum broad ventrally faginella (Chambers) (p. 213)

Vinculum narrow ventrally reflexella Clemens (p. 212)

*<>Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, pp. 195-196, 1922.

« In this couplet dubitatella (Zeller) and cryptolechieUa (Chambers) should be included, but they have
been omitted because of the lack of information concerning them.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE— CLARKE 207

KEY TO SPECIES OF PSILOCORSIS BASED ON FEMALE GENITALIA
1. Ductus bursae dilated before ostium (figs. 217, 220) 2

Ductus bursae not dilated before ostium (tig. 106)^^^^,^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^

2. Ostium and sc,eroti.ed portion of ductus b"-- -"„ ^^'cZeller) (p. 209,

(ng. i/U; .

Ostium and sclerotized portion of ductus bursae contiguous ^

(fig 217)

3. BranOes of the signum 22-24 on each side (Sg. 222)^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^

Branches of the signum 21 or less on each side (Ag^. 218, 221).. .- i

4. Branches of the signum 15-16 on each side (flg. ^^)^^^^^^^^^ ^.^^^^ ^^ ^16)

Branches of the signum 17-21 on each side... -.-... «

5. Sclerotized anterior band of genital plate bro.diH^m ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^

Sclerotized anterior band of genital plate narrow (te^^^l*^^^ ^^^^.^^ ^^ ^^^^

PSILOCORSIS QUERCICELLA Clemens

Pi^TE 3, FiGXJKE 24; Pi^tk 5, Figt;be 38; Pi^vte 8, Figxtt-es 59, 59a; Pl..te 17,

FlGtTKE 105

PsUocorsis auerciceUa Cx^emens, Proc. Acad Nat Sci. Plf adell^jia, vol- 12^ P- 212
1860; in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 147, 1S'2.-Busck, Pioa
Ent Soc Washington, vol. 5, p. 206, 1903.-Keakfott, ^n Smith, Check
List of the Lepidopte a of Boreal America, No. 6390, 1903.-Bx;sck, Proc.
U S Vat Mul vol. 35. p. 197, 190S.-Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer.,
Lepfdoptera-nete'rocera, vol. 4, p. 118, 119, 1912.-Bak.ks and McD...o.gh,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 642o, 1917.-Foebes
Cornell UBiv Agr Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 235, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell
SXi^ EXP S at., Memoir 101, p. 545, 1928.-F.etchek. Mem Dept Agr.
?Mla (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 190. 1929.-Bkim.et, The insects of North

0..^r:!:'^;^S;r;Clemens) z™ Ver. .ool..ots. ^.. ^^^
240 1873.-CHAMBEKS, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 120, 13-
?8?8.-WA.siNGHAM, Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 151, 1889.-Rn.KT, n. ^nnth, List
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5223, 1891.-Busck, ^n ^yar. U S.
Nat Mus Bull. 52. No. 5851, 1903.-Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera msec-
forum fasc. 180. p. l97, 1922.-McDunkough. Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and th^ United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

P«n 'r;/f.'tdcna CHAHBKKS, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 162,

1878. . , u- 1

Head and thorax dark yellowish brown. Second segment of labial
palpus ochreous with the usual dark fuscous longitudinal stripe be-
neath; third segment fuscous with median and atera longitudma^
whitish stripes. Basal segment of antenna dark yel owish biown
above with fuscous and white longitudinal stripes beneath ; remainder
of antenna whitish ochreous with longitudinal fuscous stripes, the
latter breaking up into spots toward the distal end. Fore wing yel-
lowish brown mottled with short fuscous lines and spots; at the end
of cell a blackish-fuscous spot; around termen a narrow blackish
fuscous hne; before tornus, on inner margin, a fuscous shadmg; cilia

208 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

fuscous with a slightly darker subbasal band. Hind wing and cilia
pale ochreous-fuscous. Legs whitish ochreous, the fore tibiae and
tarsi shaded with fuscous. Abdomen yellowish brown above, whitish-
ochreous beneath.

Hair pencil from first abdominal segment of male strongly
developed.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slightly longer than twice its width; sac-
culus ill defined, narrow, weakly sclerotized. Anellus a broad, oval,
weakly sclerotized plate with a small, broadly obtuse, strongly scle-
rotized base; lateral fingerlike lobes hardly exceeding central plate,
broadly dilated distally. Aedeagus stout, acutely pointed. Vesica
armed with a large patch of strong, but slender, cornuti.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous except for a narrow
sclerotized band at anterior edge. Ostium small, round. Ductus
bursae slender, slightly sclerotized just before ostium and before
ductus seminalis; inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Signum with 17 to 19 branches on each side.

Alar expanse, 13-16 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — Pennsylvania ?

Food plant. — Oak.

Distribution. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records

District of Columbia: 6 $ $ , fj $ 9 (April, July, and August dates, 1900 and

1910, A. Busck) :2$S (July 31, 18S5, C. V. Riley).
Illinois: Putnam County, $ (lO-VIII-1939, M. O. Glenn).
Maryland: Hyattsville, 2 $ $ (7-VII-1913, 21-VII-1913, A. Busck).
New Jersey: Anglesea, 2 $ $, 9 (V-30-1905, W. D. Kearfott) ; Essex County,

Park, 9 ("20 May," W. D. Kearfott).
New York: Heliport, $ (l-VI-1902, H. G. Dyar) ; Ramapo, $ (27-V-1900.

W. D. Kearfott).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 9 9 (14-VIII-1907; 29-V-1907, A. F. Braun).
Pennsylvania: Beaver County, 2 $ S, 2 9 9 (May 1900, Kemp coll.); New

Brighton, ^, 29 9 (14-19-VIII-1903, H. D. Merrick).
Virginia: Great Falls, 9 (25-IX-1914, A. F. Kneale).

Canadian records
Ontario: Ottawa (July 13-24, 1906; April 13-16, 1935, C. H. Young).

Rema7'ks. — Although this and the following species closely resemble
each other they may be distinguished quite easily. The transverse
dark markings of querciceUa are broken and in the form of small
spots and there is usually a dark spot on the hind margin of the fore
wing at two-thirds. The transverse markings of ohsoletella are more
evenly strigose and the dark suffusion of the fore wing at two-thirds
is usually in the form of a band across the wing.

The larva of querciceUa has the three thoracic segments darkened ;
in ohsoletella only the prothorax is darkened.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 209

PSILOCORSIS OBSOLETELLA (Zeller)

Plate 22, Figure 133 ; Plate 40, Figure 220

Crypfolechia obsolctcUa Zeller, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 242, 1873. —
Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 137, 1878.— Walsikgham,
Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 151, 1889. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 5221, 1891.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5849, 1903 ; Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 206, 1903.— Meyeick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 197, 1922. — McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2,
Microlepidoptera), No. 8471, 1939.

Psilocorsis ohsoletella (Zeller) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 197,
1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of tlie Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6426, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68,
p. 236, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 101, p. 545,
1928.

Psilocorsis quercicella Ke^^rfott, part (not Clemens) in Smith, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6390, 1903.

This species is much like quercicella, but the fuscous shading
before the tornus extends entirely across the wing in the form of a more
or less conspicuous band. The fuscous markings of the fore wing
are longer, narrower, and more numerous. The abdomen is light
grayish fuscous above. All other characters practically as in
quercicella.

First abdominal segment of male with well-developed hair pencil.

Male genitalia. — Harpe rather heavily clothed with hairs ; sacculus
narrow, ill defined, weakly sclerotized. Anellus a weakly sclerotized,
more or less oval plate with a small crescent-shaped base; lateral
fingerlike lobes slender, small. Aedeagus stout, sharply bent, acutely
pointed; vesica armed with one long stout cornutus and a patch of
small spiculate cornuti. Gnathos very broad, strongly spined lat-
erally, weakly spined ventrally.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous except for a nar-
row, sclerotized anterior band; ostium small, round. Ductus bursae
membranous except for a narrow sclerotized band before ostium and
a sclerotized, dilated portion well before the inception of ductus
seminalis. Inception of ductus seminalis just before the sclerotized
band which precedes the ostium. Branches of signum 19 to 20 on
each side ; the entire inner surface of the signum-bearing half of the
bursa copulatrix strongly spiculate.

Alar expanse, 13-17 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Ohio.

Food plant. — Oak; chestnut?

Distrihuti/yn. — Eastern and southern United States.

286614—41-

210 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

United States records

District of Columbia: 13 $ $, 9 2 9 (July and August dates, 1899-1900, A.

Busck) .
Illinois: Decatur, 2 $ $ ("May 16-23") ; Putnam County, $ (14-VIII-1939,

M. O. Glenn).
Maryland: Hyattsville, $, 9 ("1907," A. Busck); Plummers Island, Q $$,

4 9 5 (May, June, July, September dates, A. Busck).
Massachusetts: Marthas Vineyard, 3 $ $ (VII-15 to VII-29-1931, P. M. Jones).
Missouri: St. Louis, $ (V-15-1904, H. McElhose) ; "central Missouri" 5 9

("4-14-84," "5-5-89").
New Jersey: Anglesea, 9 (V-30-05, W. D. Kearfott) ; Esses County Park, 9 9

(26-IX-02, W. D. Kearfott).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 3 S S, 2 9 9 (V-29-06, V-21-07, VI-9-07, VIII-10-14, A. F.

Braun).
Pennsylvania: Nicholson, $ ( VII-4-1904, A. E. Lister ) .
Texas: Kerrville, 2 S $,2 9 9 (IV-11-1907, F. C. Pratt) ; $, "Texas" ("18-5,"

Belfrage).
Virginia: Cape Henry, 9 (8-9-27, A. Busck) ; Falls Church ($,2 9 9, 22-29-

VII-1914, Carl Heinrich) ; $ (June 2, 1920, Kneale and Heinrich).

Remarks. — The distinguishing characters of this and querdcella
have been discussed under the latter.

Although ohsoletella and quercicella cover much of the same range,
the former appears to be the more widely distributed of the two.
Much more rearing must be done to establish the limits of both.

PSILOCORSIS CRYPTOLECHIELLA (Chambers)

Depressaria cryptolechiella Chambers, Can. Ent, vol. 4, p. 91, 1872. — Busck,

Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 206, 1903.
Hagno cryptolechiella (Chambers) Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 131, 1872. —

Bkaun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 49, p. 350, 1924.
Cryptolechia cryptolechiella (Chambers) Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv.

Terr. Bull. 4, p. 116, 1878. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,

fasc. 180, p. 197, 1922.— McDunnotjgh, Check list of the Lepidoptera of

Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.

8474, 1939.
Psilocorsis cryptolechiella (Chambers) Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6391, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.

Mus., vol. 35, p. 197, 1908.— Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the

Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6432, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr.

Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 236, 1923.
Cryptolechia cryptolechiaeella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull.

4, p. 84, 137, 1878.
Cryptolechia quercicella Walsingham (part) (not Clemens), Ins. Life, vol. 2,

p. 151, 1889. — Riley (part), in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal

America, No. 5223, 1891.— Busck (part), in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. .52,

No. 5851, 1903.

Alar expanse, 15 mm.
Type. — ^Lost.

Type locality. — Kentucky ?
Food plant— Holly "i

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 211

Remarks. — This species is unknown to me, but I am retaining the
name for the present in anticipation of the rediscovery of the species.

It appears to be nearest to, if not synonymous with, obsoletella.
For the sake of completeness I give a copy of the original description :

"Third joint of the palpi black, with a narrow longitudinal white
line on each side. Second joint pale yellow with a narrow longi-
tudinal black line beneath. Antennae pale yellow, checkered above
with black and with a narrow longitudinal black line on each side
of the basal portion. Head, thorax and base of the anterior wings
dull reddish-orange; anterior wings to the naked eye, pale golden,
with the lustre of "watered" silk, produced by a multitude of trans-
verse, narrow, wavy, dark brown lines, as seen under the lens; six
small dark brown spots in a row around the apex, to the naked eye
appearing like a narrow marginal line. Ciliae pale fuscous, with a
silvery lustre and a somewhat darker hinder marginal line at their
base. Hind wings yellowish-white with a silky lustre."

PSILOCORSIS DUBITATELLA (Zeller)

Cryptoleclila (Psilocorsis) dwbitatella Zellee, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. 13, p. 262,
1877.

Cryptolechia duMtatella (Zeller) Metteick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fase. 180, p. 197, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Mierolepidoptera ) , No.
8469, 1939.

Psilocorsis dulitatclla (Zeller) Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 206,
1903. — Keaefott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 6393, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 197, 1908.— Barnes
and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
6429, 1917.— FoEBES, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir. 68, p. 236, 1923.

Cryptolechm quercicella Walsingham [not Clemens], Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 151,
1889. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5223,
1891.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5851, 1903.

Alar expanse, 16 mm. (3%'"').

Type. — Zoological Museum, Berlin.

Type locality. — "North America."

Food plant. — Unknown.

Remarhs. — I do not know this species. Following is a copy of the
original description :

"Capillis et thorace ochraceis, palpis linea longitudinali nigra sig-
natis; alls ant. subelongatis, ochraceis, obsolete transverse strigulatis,
puncto venae transversae obsoleto f usco, nebula cinerea inferius addita,
punctis marginalibus nigris superius majusculus, ciliis fusco-cinereis.
?."

There seems to be considerable difference of opinion regarding the
proper placement of this species. Walsingham considers it a synonym
of quercicella and Forbes suggests its synonymy with ohsoletella. I

212 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

am inclined to believe that the latter view is correct, but we must wait
for a more careful study of the type and the discovery of the larva to
settle the matter.

PSILOCORSIS REFLEXELLA Clemens

Plate 22, Figure 131 ; Pi.ate 40, Figxjre 222

Psilocorsis reflexella Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 12,
p. 213, 1860; in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 150, 1872.— Busck,
Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 207, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6394, 1903. — Busck, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 197, 1908.— Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer.,
Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 119, 1912. — Barnes and McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6427, 1917. — Forbes,
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 238, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 545, 1928. — Procter, Biological survey
of the Mount Desert region. Part 6, The insect fauna, p. 274, 1938.

Psilocorsis reflexa Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 162,
1878.

Crypt olecliia reflexella (Clemens) Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr.
Bull. 4, p. 137, 1878.— Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 151, 1889.— Riley,
in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5224, 1891. —
Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5852, 1903.— Meyrick, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 197, 1922. — McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part
2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8467, 1939.

Cryptolechia cre-'^sonella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p.
86, 1878. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8467, 1939 (cited
as synonym of C. reflexella (Clemens)).

Head ferruginous-brown. Labial palpus light ochreous with the
usual dark stripes; second segment with some fuscous shading exte-
riorly.

Thorax and fore wing ochreous strongly overlaid and mottled with
reddish fuscous; inner and outer discal spots usually ill defined,
blackish fuscous; terminal row of spots confluent forming a nar-
row, poorly defined blackish-fuscous line; cilia yellowish fuscous
with a dark subbasal band. Hind wing and cilia yellowish fuscous,
the cilia with a dark subbasal line. Legs whitish ochreous suffused
with dull fuscous. Abdomen fuscous above and whitish ochreous
beneath.

First abdominal segment simple.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with hair; sacculus
narrow, weakly sclerotized. Anellus a broad, oval, cupped plate,
strongly sclerotized basally; lateral lobes greatly exceeding central
plate, slender, no thicker distally than basally. Aedeagus stout,
sharply bent, pointed; vesica armed with one large, stout cornutus
and a patch of strong, but smaller ones. Vinculum with a pointed
dorsoanterior process.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 213

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow, membranous except for
a broad, sclerotized, anterior band. Ostium round. Ductus bursae
membranous except for a large dilated, partially sclerotized portion
immediately preceding the ostium; ductus seminalis spiculate on
inner surface and entering ductus bursae just anterior to ostium.
Branches of signum 22-24 on each side; signum-bearing half of
bursa copulatrix spiculate.

Alar expanse, 18-25 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — "Pennsylvania."

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

District of Columbia: S, $ ("1906," A. Busck) ; 5 (May 19, 1902, A. Busck) ;

$ (Sept. 20/34, no collector) ; 9 (6-15-06, Charles R. Ely).
Illinois: Putnam County, $ (13-VI-1936, M. O. Glenn).
Maine: Mount Desert (May 24).
Maryland: Plummers Island, $ (June 1903, A. Busck); 2 55 (1903, 1904,

Barber and Schwarz).
Massachusetts: Boston, 5 (Beutenmiiller) ; Cohasset, $ (July 6, 1909, Owen

Bryant).
New Hampshire: Hampton, $ (6-9-1904, S. A. Shaw).
New Jersey: Anglesea, 6 $ $, 2 5 5 (3-3O-V-1905, W. D. Kearfott) ; Essex

County Park, 2 S $ ("May 20" and "6-19-99," W. D. Kearfott) ; Greenwood

Lake, $ ("V-30," W. D. Kearfott).
New York: $ ("1906," Walsingham) ; $ (Beutenmiiller).

Pennsylvania: Beaver County ,$, 5 (May, 1900, Kemp) ; New Brighton, 13
$$,7 5 5 (May and June, 1902-1906, H. D. Merrick); Pittsburgh,
5,25 5 (VII-12-06; VI-11-05, Henry Engle).
Virginia: Mountain Lake, $ (June 14-21, 1907, A. F. Braun).

Remarks. — In addition to the above I have before me a single male
from Putnam Company, 111. (13 June 1936, M. O. Glenn), which
appears to belong here. The specimen is, however, heavily overlaid
with fuscous scales and may be another species.

This is the largest species of this genus from North America and
is usually readily recognized by its size. It is the only described
species for which we have no definite host record.

PSILOCORSIS FAGINELLA (Chambers)

Plate 22, Figxjke 134 ; Plate 40, Figuees 217, 218

Hagno faginella Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 4, p. 131, 1872; vol. 6, p. 131, 232,
1874.

Crypt olechia faginella (Chambers) Chamdees, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr.
Bull. 4, p. 84, 120, 137, 1878. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fasc. 180, p. 197, 1922.— McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No.
8472, 1939.

214 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. so

Psilocorsis faginella (Chambers) Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5,
p. 206, 1903. — Keaefott, i7i Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6392, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 35, p. 197,
1908. — Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p.
118, 1912. — Baknes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6428, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat,
Memoir 68, p. 236, 1923. — Procter, Biological survey of the Mount Desert
region. Part 6, The insect fauna, p. 274, 1938.

CryptolecMa quercicella, Walsingham, part (not Clemens), Ins. Life, vol. 2,
p. 511, 1889. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5223, 1891.— BtJSCK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5851, 1903.

CryptolecMa ferruginosa Zeller, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 243,
1873.— Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 137, 1878.—
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5219,
1891.— Busck, m Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5847, 1903 ; Proc. Ent.
Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 205, 1903. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. 180, p. 197, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8468, 1939. (New synonymy.)

Psilocorsis ferruginosa (Zeller) Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6395, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol 35,
p. 197, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6430, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.,
Memoir 68, p. 236, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir
101, p. 545, 1928.

Labial palpus and head ochreous-yellow (typical dark stripes
present on palpus). Thorax and fore wing brownish ochreous, the
latter lightly irrorated with brown (some specimens lighter in color,
with little or no brown irroration) ; inner and outer discal spots
blackish fuscous, the former usually inconspicuous, the latter well
defined; around termen a row of five or six small blackish-fuscous
spots. Hind wing and cilia yellowish fuscous. Legs whitish
ochreous, lightly suffused with brown. Abdomen light yellowish
brown above, whitish ochreous beneath.

First abdominal segment simple.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately clothed with hairs ; sacculus nar-
row, weakly sclerotized. Anellus an oval, deeply cupped plate; base
strongly sclerotized; lateral lobes stout, exceeding the central plate.
Aedeagus large, stout, sharply bent, pointed; vesica armed with one
large cornutus and a long, narrow patch of strong slender ones.
Vinculum with a prominent, broad, pointed clorsoanterior process.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous except for a moder-
ately broad, strongly sclerotized anterior band, which is slightly
broader laterally than centrally. Ductus bursae dilated and strongly
sclerotized at ostium. Inception of ductus seminalis at about middle
of the sclerotized part of ductus bursae; inner surface of ductus
seminalis finely spiculate. Signum with 19 to 21 branches on each
side ; signum-bearing half of bursa strongly spiculate.

REVISION OF THE OECOFHORIDAE — CLARKE 215

Alar expanse, 18-23 mm.

Type. — In Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.
{fagineUa) ; in British Museum {ferruginosa) .
Type localities. — Kentucky {fagineUa) ; Ohio {ferruginosa).
Food plant. — Fagiis grandifoliu Elirh.
Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

Delaware: Lowes, $ (8-8-35, Donald McCreary).

Louisiana: East Baton Rouge Parish, 2 2 9 (24-VIII-1923, T. H. Jones and

W. G. Bradley).
Maine: Augusta, 3 5 5 , 2 $ 2 (February 1931 [indoor record?] ) ; Aurora, 3 $ $ ,

4 2 2 (13-16-VI-32; 6-4-31 [Gip. Moth Lab. No. 12164-S185] ) ; Bar Harbor

(June 2-12).
New Hampshire: Dublin, 2 (A. Busck) ; Hampton, 2 (VI-25-1907, S. A.

Shaw).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 (VIII-11-1917, A. F. Braun).
Vermont: One male; no further data.

Remarks. — I have placed ferruginosa as a synonym of fagineUa^
since, aside from the coloration {fenmginosa is lighter than fagineUa)
there are no differences between the two. Both have the same food
plant and distribution.

PSILOCORSIS CARYAE, new species

Plate 22, Figtjee 132 ; Piate 40, Figure 219

Psilocorsis crypt olechiella Beimley (not Chambers), The insects of North Caro-
lina, p. 304, 1938.

Labial palpus with the second segment sordid whitish ochreous
shaded with grayish fuscous exteriorly; a fuscous longitudinal line
beneath, narrowly bordered laterally with whitish; third segment
fuscous with a whitish tip, and a narrow whitish line on each side.
Face, head, and basal segment of antenna above dark yellow-brown
to light fuscous ; underside of basal segment of antenna fuscous with
two longitudinal whitish lines; remainder of antenna checkered
with white and fuscous, less distinctly so and lighter toward the
extremity. Thorax and base of fore wing deep brown. Fore wing
light j^ellowish fuscous strongly overlaid with deep brown. Thorax
and fore wing with a purplish luster; inner and outer discal spots
and an indistinct row of spots around termen blackish fuscous; cilia
light fuscous. Hind wing shining yellowish fuscous (with a brassy
appearance), darker apically; cilia light fuscous with a darker sub-
basal band. Legs whitish ochreous suffused with light fuscous. Ab-
domen yellowish fuscous above, whitish ochreous beneath.

First abdominal segment simple.

216 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Male genitalia. — Harpe long and slender, cucuUus pointed. Anel-
lus a lightly sclerotized plate with slender digitate lateral processes,
the latter not exceeding the posterior edge of the central plate. Ae-
deagus stout, sharply bent, sharply pointed; vesica armed with one
large, sharply pointed cornutus and a narrow, elongate patch of
smaller ones. Vinculum rounded with a well-developed, pointed
dorsoanterior process.

Female genitalia. — Ostium large, oval. Genital plate membranous
except for a narrow, sclerotized anterior band. Ductus bursae di-
lated and strongly sclerotized before ostium, otherwise slender and
membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just before ostium. Sig-
num with 17-21 branches on each side ; signum-bearing half of bursa
copulatrix strongly spiculate.

Alar expanse, 15-18 mm.

rype.— U.S.N.M. No. 52866.

Type locality.— Cuero, Tex. (September 13, 1910, M. M. High).

Food plants. — Carya pecan Aschers. and Graebn. and Carya ovata
(Mill.) Koch.

Remarks. — ^Described from the 5 type and 17 5 and 11 $ para-
types as follows: Cuero, Tex., % $ $ and 8 $ ? (June, July, and
September dates, 1910, M. M. High) ; San Antonio, Tex., 3 5 ^
(July 14r-24, 1908, McMillan) ; Norfolk, Va., $ (September 13, 1910,
M. M. High), all reared from pecan; Winfield, La., $ (June 16-23) ;
Monticello, Fla., 3 5 5 (June 23, 1914, A. I. Fabis; April 8-9, 1915,
John B. Gill) reared from hickory.

Paratypes in the U. S. National Museum, Canadian National, and
H. H. Keifer collections.

With the exception of fetcherella this is the darkest species of the
genus described from North America. It may be distinguished from
■fUetcherella by its smaller size and the larger number of branches on
each side of the signum. In female genitalia caryae more closely
resembles faginelhi from which it may be distinguished by the more
strongly sclerotized portion of the ductus bursae.

PSILOCORSIS FLETCHERELLA Gibson

Plate 40, Figuee 221

Psilocorsis fletcJierella Gibson, Ottawa Nat., vol. 22, p. 226, 1909. — Barnes and
McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6431,
1917.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 236, 1923.

Vrypfolechia fletcherella (Gibson) RIetrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fasc. 180, p. 197, 1922. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8470, 1939.

Cryptolechia quercicella Gibson (not Clemens), Can. Ent., vol. 40, p. 84, 1908.

Palpus, exclusive of the usual dark stripes, whitish ochreous. Head,
thorax, and fore wing yellowish strongly overlaid with brown and

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 217

having a purplish tinge; inner and outer discal spots and a row of
five or six terminal spots blackish fuscous ; the first discal and the ter-
minal row of spots sometimes ill defined. Hind wing and cilia light
brown, the latter with a narrow yellowish basal line. Legs and under-
side of abdomen whitish ochreous. Abdomen brown above.

Female genitalm. — Genital plate membranous except for a narrow,
sclerotized anterior band. Ostium round. Ductus bursae dilated
near ostium ; membranous except for a narrow sclerotized ring before
ostium and a small sclerotized plate before inception of ductus semi-
nalis; ductus seminalis and area of ductus bursae immediately sur-
rounding its inception finely spiculate. Branches of signum 15 to 16
on each side ; signum-bearing half of bursa copulatrix strongly spicu-
late on inner surface.

Alar expanse, 19 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Food plant. — Populus tremuloides Michx.

Distribution. — Eastern Canada and probably northeastern United
States.

Canadian records

Ontario: Ottawa, 2 $ 9 (lO-VI-1909, A. Gibson) ; Merivale (2-VII-1935, T. N.
Freeman).

Quebec: Meach Lake {13-VI-1906, July 1906, 30-VI-1937, C. H. Young) ; Wake-
field (13-VII-1925, F. P. Ide).

Remarks. — I have not seen the specimens, nor do I know the sexes
of the specimens from Merivale, Meach Lake, and Wakefield, but the
identification is presumably correct.

10. Genus INGA Busck

Plate 1, Figure 7 ; Plate 5, Figuke 37 ; Plate 12, Ftgubes 80, SOa ; Plate 14,
Figure 89

Inga Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.— Barnes and McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6483, 1917. — Forbes,
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 243, 1923.— Brimley, The insects
of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938. (Genotype: AnesycMa sparsiciliella Clem-
ens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 430, 1864.)

Antenna slender, strongly ciliate in male, smooth in female; basal
segment without pecten. Labial palpus long, slender, recurved,
reaching well above apex; terminal segment slightly longer than
second, the latter thickened with closely appressed scales, roughened in
front.

Fore wing elongate ; length nearly 3 times the width ; costa slightly
arched; apex blunt; termen oblique, straight; 12 veins; 7 and 8 stalked,
both to costa or apex, or with 7 to termen scarcely below apex.

218 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Hind wing as broad as f orewing ; 8 veins ; 3 and 4 connate or stalked ;
6 and 7 somewhat divergent; 5 approximate to 4. Abdomen not
depressed.

Male genitalia. — Harpe with sacculus very broad, deeply folded,
heavily sclerotized and clothed with long coarse hairs. Clasper long,
reaching to or beyond costa, usually dilated distally with apex armed
with short, stout spines. Cucullus narrow, lightly sclerotized, clothed
with fine hairs; apex rounded. Anellus broad, without lateral proc-
esses; lateral lobes wealdy developed, with few hairs. Aedeagus
long, slightly curved, apex pointed. Vinculmn broad, rounded.
Transtilla membranous with weak lateral hairy lobes. Gnathos long,
bluntly pointed. Uncus well developed, elongated, narrowly pointed,
moderately clothed with hairs.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae membranous or narrowly sclero-
tized just before ostiiun. Signum present or absent.

Remarks. — Meyrick'^^ has synonymized Inga with Cryptolechia^
but the two are sufficiently distinct to justify their separation. The
male genitalia of Cryptolechia show a tubular anellus, spined, broad
gnathos and spoon-shaped micus, together with minor differences.
These characters, when compared with the description and figure of
Inga, will serve to distinguish between the two.

As a means of separating the oecophorid genera, Busck, Meyrick,
and others have used the direction of vein 7 of the fore wing (to termen,
to apex, or to costa) . For the most part this character serves for sepa-
rating the genera into two groups, but in this genus we find all condi-
tions existing. In sparsicllieUa.^ obscuromaculella, canariella, and
concolorelJa 7 is distinctly to costa but in cretacea and ciliella it goes
to the termen scarcely below the apex. Normally veins 2 and 3 of the
forewing are widely separated but in some specimens may be either
connate or short-stalked.

In view of the fact that aberrations in venation occur here and that
the genitalia indicate that the species are unmistakably congeneric,
we may well associate them.

On the abdominal segments of the males of concolorella and ciliella
and the females of canariella there are spines such as are commonly
found in the Blastobasidae. The spines in Inga, however, differ from
those found in the Blastobasidae by being dilated toward their ex-
tremities; those of the Blastobasidae (studied) are evenly tapered
to a sharp point. The spines of loiga are, in most cases, readily de-
ciduous, those of Blastobasidae more firmly attached.

Busck *^ erected this genus for Anesychia sparsiciliella Clemens. As
already pointed out Meyrick considered the genus synonymous with

« Meyrick, E., in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 195, 1922.
" Busck, A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 200, 1908.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 219

Cryptolechia. With this one exception Inga has been considered a
valid genus with the genotype as the only species. From Machimia
(sensu Meyrick) I am transferring cretacea (Zeller), canarieUa
(Busck) , ohscuroTnaculella (Chambers), concolorella (Beiitenmiiller),
ciliella (Busck), and hiimata (Meyrick) and from Cryptolechia
{sensu Meyrick), trigama- (Meyrick) to Inga^ bringing to eight the
total number of North American species referable to this genus.

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF INGA BASED PRIMARILY ON
COLORATION

1. Fore wing yellow canariella (Busck) (p. 222)

Fore wing otherwise 2

2. Fore wing white or whitish 3

Fore wing otherwise 4

3. Costa of fore wing with a conspicuous black spot

sparsiciliella (Clemens) (p. 222)
Costa of fore wing without such spot cretacea (Zeller) (p. 225)

4. Antennal ciliations 5 ^^ humata (Meyrick) (p. 220)

Antennal ciliations otherwise 5

5. Antennal ciliations >^ trigama (Meyrick) (p. 224)

Antennal ciliations otherwise 6

6. Alar expanse less than 15 mm obscuromaculella (Chambers) (p. 226)

Alar expanse more than 15 mm 7

7. Labial palpus whitish ochreous; basal three-fifths of second seg-

ment blackish fuscous ciliella (Busck) (p. 227)

Labial palpus grayish fuscous concolorella (Beutenmiiller) (p. 221)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF INGA BASED PRIMARILY ON MALE
GENITALIA

1. Abdomen spined 2

Abdomen not spined 3

2. Clasper curved, very thick, heavily spined (fig. 128). ciliella (Busck) (p. 227)
Clasper straight, slender basally, abruptly dilated and finely

spined apically (fig. 129) concolorella (Beutenmiiller) (p. 221)

3. Clasper slender, bluntly pointed, extending little beyond middle

of harpe (fig. 127) canariella (Busck) (p. 222)

Clasper slender or stout, dilated distally, and extending at least
to costa (figs. 80, 126, 130) 4

4. Clasper strongly spined down to sacculus (fig. 130)

cretacea (Zeller) (p. 225)
Clasper with few or no spines as far down as sacculus (figs. 80, 126) 5

5. Clasper stout, hardly reaching costa (fig. 80) _ sparsiciliella (Clemens) (p. 222)
Clasper slender, reaching beyond costa (fig. 126)

obscuromaculella (Chambers) (p. 226)

" The antennal ciliations of Meyrick (the relation of the length of the cilia to the width of the antennal
shaft) are used here because both humata and trigama are known only from unique males and this character
is the only one which can be used safely. None of the other species has antennal cilia as long as 5 or as
short as ^4.

220 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF INGA BASED PRIMARILY ON
FEMALE GENITALIA

1. Signum present 2

Signum absent 4

2. Signum minute^"; a narrow sclerotized ring before ostium (fig.

206) obscuromaculella (Chambers) (p. 226)

Signum well developed; ring before ostium broad or narrow 3

3. Sclerotized ring before ostium broad (fig. 209) ciliella (Busck) (p. 227)

Sclerotized ring before ostium narrow (fig. 210) cretacea (Zeller) (p. 225)

4. Abdomen strongly spined canariella (Busck) (p. 222)

Abdomen not spined 5

5. Sclerotized ring before ostium broad (fig. 208)

concolorella (Beutenmiiller) (p. 221)
Sclerotized ring before ostium narrow (fig. 89)

sparsiciliella (Clemens) (p. 222)

INGA HUMATA (Meyrick), new combination

Machimia humata Meyeick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 1, p. 181, 1914 ; in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 82, 1922. — McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part
2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8387, 1939.

Cryptolechia humata (Meyrick) Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6420, 1917.

Head whitish gray, somewhat sprinkled with light gray. Palpus
ochreous whitish, second segment with the basal three-fifths gray ex-
ternally. Antennal ciliations 5. Thorax gray irrorated with darker.
Abdomen gray. Fore wing pale gray irrorated with dark fuscous;
first and second discal spots and an outwardly curved row of spots
from two-thirds of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, fuscous ; cilia
gray. Hind wing and cilia gray.

Alar expanse, 20 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Palmerlee, Ariz.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Remarks. — I know this species from description only and am plac-
ing it here on the evidence presented in the description. The dark,
lower portion of the second segment of the labial palpus and the
pattern indicate that the species belongs in Inga. Until the type
has been examined and a final disposition of the species has been made
we can refer it to this ffenus.

« A single female of this species is available for study. The bursa of this specimen shows a minute, round
signum, which may or may not be present on other specimens.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 221

INGA CONCOLORELLA (Beutenniiiller), new combination

Plate 21, Figures 129, 129a ; Plate 39, Figure 208

Cryptolechia concolorclla Beutenmuller, Ent. Amer., vol. 4, p. 30, 1888.—
Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 2, p. 152, 1889. — Riley, in Smith, List of
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5217, 1891. — BuscK, in Dyar, U. S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5845, 1903.— Keari-ott, in Smith, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6386, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6419, 1917.

MacMmia concolorella ( Beuteumiiller ) Meyrick:, in Wytsman, Genera in-
sectorum, fasc. 180, p. 82, 1922. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America ( Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No.
8386, 1939.

Head, palpus, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing grayish fuscous.
Discal dots and an outwardly curved line of spots from two-thirds
of costa to two-thirds of inner margin indistinct, fuscous. Legs
grayish mottled with fuscous; the fore legs almost wholly overlaid by
the latter color.

Male genitalia. — Cucullus broad, rounded; clasper slender basally,
broadly dilated, obliquely pointed and reaching well beyond costa;
distal surface clothed with fine spines. Anellus a broad sclerotized
plate with a deep, median V-shajDed excavation; from the postero-
dorsal edge a broad, flat process, broader distally than proximally;
lateral, fleshy lobes moderately well developed, hairy. Aedeagus long,
slender, slightly curved, bluntly pointed ; dorsal third strongly scler-
otized and armed with small teeth. Lateral lobes of transtilla stout,
hairy.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium round,
moderately large. Ductus bursae with a broad, sclerotized ring before
ostium. Inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa
copulatrix sparsely and finely spiculate on inner surface.

Alar expanse, 20-22 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Nevada.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Southwestern United States.

United States records

California: San Diego, 5 9 9 (June 16- July 23).
Nevada: 5 (no date or collector).

Remarks. — ^With the type male I associate the five females from
California. These agree well with the description and the type,
although the latter is somewhat more suffused.

222 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

INGA CANARIELLA (Busck), new combination

PL.VTE 21, FiGUEES 127, 127a ; Plate 39, Figuee 207

CryptolecMa canariella Busok, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908. —
Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 6422, 1917.

MacMmia canariella (Busck) Meykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorura, fasc.
180, p. 82, 1922. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada
and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8382, 1939.

Head, palpus, legs, thorax, fore wing, and abdomen yellow. An-
tenna, palpus and legs mottled with reddish yellow; base of costa of
fore wing reddish yellow. Hind wing and cilia whitish yellow ; cilia
with a darker subbasal line.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, long ; portion beyond clasper longer
than that before; cucullus bluntly pointed; clasper slender, straight,
not extending much beyond middle of harpe. Anellus large, triangu-
lar, broader distally than basally ; lateral lobes near distal end minute.
Aedeagus long, slender, gently curved; vesica armed with a small
patch of weak spiculate cornuti and one bladelike distal one. Trans-
tilla with small, hairy, papillate lateral lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous; ostium large oval,
anterior edge narrowly sclerotized. Ductus bursae membranous; in-
ception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix
large ; inner surface finely spiculate.

Alar expanse, 21-24 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Known only from the type locality.

United States records

Arizona: Huachuca Mountains, 2 S $,2 2 9 (no date or collector) ; Palmerlee,
Cochise County, $ (no date or collector).

INGA SPARSICILIELLA (Clemens)

Plate 1, Figure 7 ; Plate 5, Figure 37 ; Plate 12, Figures 80, 80a ; Plate 14,

Figure 89

Anesychia sparsiciliella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 430,
1864 ; in Stainton, The Tineina of North America, p. 255, 1872.— Chambers,
Can. Ent., vol. 12, p. 226, 1880.— Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, voL
5, p. 218, 1903.

Anesychia sparcicella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr, Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 129,
1878.

Cryptolechia sparsiciliella (Clemens) Bltsck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. BuU.
52, No. 5844, 1903. — Meybick, m Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 197, 1922.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 223

Inga spa7-siciliella (Clemens) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.„ vol. 35, p. 200,
1908. — Baenes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6483, 1917. — Fokbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 08,
p. 243, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 546,
1928. — Bkimley, The insects of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938. — McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8466, 1939.

MacMmia sparsiciliella (Clemens) Meybick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 3,
p. 471, 1928.

Cryptolechia contrariella Waxkek, List of the specimens of lepidopterous
insects in the collection of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 771, 1864. —
Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1880, p. 85. — Keaefott, in Smith,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6385, 1903.

Inga contrariella (Walker) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8466, 1939 (cited as synonym of /. sparsiciliella (Clemens) ).

Inga atropicta (Zeller) McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada
and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8466,
1939 (cited as synonym of /. sparsiciliella (Clemens)).

CryptolecJiia inscitella Walker, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in
the collection of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 772, 1864.

Cryptolechia atropicta Zellek, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 25, p. 343, 1875. —
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5216, 1891.

Ground color of labial palpus, basal fourth of antenna, head, tho-
rax, and fore wing white. Basal half of labial palpus outwardly
blackish fuscous. Outer three-fourths of antenna brownish fuscous.
Base of costa, and extreme edge to beyond middle, inner angle, discal
spot at basal third and a conspicuous large costal spot reaching middle
of wing, black or blackish fuscous. From the middle outer edge of
the large costal spot a broken, outwardly curved, narrow, blackish -
fuscous line to vein 6, then the line is inwardly curved to inner margin
at outer third; cilia with some brownish scales mixed. Hind wing
and cilia brownish fuscous. Legs brownish fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Portion of harpe beyond clasper as long as that
before; clasper dilated distally, nearly attaining costa and clothed
with short stout spines in distal half. Anellus broad with a deep
V-shaped median excavation; lateral lobes weak; a well developed,
pointed, dorsoanterior process. Aedeagus long, slender; vesica with
an elongate, narrow, weakly sclerotized bar.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous; ostium round; duc-
tus bursae membranous except for a narrow sclerotized band just
before ostium. Inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix large, oval, with smooth or very finely spiculate inner
surface.

Alar expanse, 14-19 mm.

Types. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia {spar-
siciliella) ; in British Museum {contrariella^ inscitella, atropicta).

224 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Type localities. — "Virginia" {sparsicilieUa) ; ? {contrariella, in-
scitella) ; "North America" {atropicta) .
Food plant. — Unlmown.
Distribution. — New York south to Florida and west to Texas.

United States records

District of Columbia: 2 $ 5 (no data).

Florida: Altamont, $ (21-IX-1924, F. R. Cole); St. Petersburg, 3 S3, 9

(April) ; Paradise Key, 2^ $ (3^111-1919, E. A. Schwarz aud H. S. Barber).
Georgia: Spring Creek, $ (18-V-1916, J. C. Bradley).
Maryland: $ (no data).

Mississippi: Ocean Springs, 9 ( 29-VI-1921 ) .
New York: $ (William Beutenmiiller).

North Carolina: Southern Pines. 2 5? (July S-15 ; Aug. 1-7).
Pennsylvania: York, $ (W. D. Kearfott).
Texas: Kerrville, S, 2 (May, 1906, F. C. Pratt) ; Harris County, $ (no data) ;

Victoria, $ (6-10-18, J. D. Mitchell).
Virginia: Fortress Monroe, $ (VII-19-03, W. D. Kearfott).

Remarks. — The white ground color and the contrasting black mark-
ings immediately distinguish this from all other species of the genus.

The species is widespread but apparently not common in any one
localit}^ The specimen from Victoria, Tex., is the only reared exam-
ple I have seen, but its host is not recorded on the label.

INGA TRIGAMA (Meyrick), new combination

Cryptolechia trigama Meyrick, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 3, p. 476, 1928. —
McDuNNOTJGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada aud the United States
of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8475, 1939.

Head and thorax pale grayish. Palpus whitish with the basal
two-thirds of the second segment and basal, median and subapical
annuli of terminal segment dark fuscous. Fore wing light gray
with some scattered black scales. On costa a black spot at base and
before middle, some black scaling beneath and confluent with the
latter; inner and outer discal spots black; two strongly angulated
series of small black dots crossing wing outwardly; cilia pale gray,
with dark basal line. Hind wing and cilia light gray.

Alar expanse, 20 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality.— Fort Davis, Tex., 5,000 feet.

Food plant. — ^Unknown.

Remarks. — This species is known to me only from the description.
I place it here with some hesitation, but its proper assignment can
be made only after an examination of the type. On pattern it
appears to be near sparsiciliella.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 225

INGA CRETACEA (Zeller), new combination

Plate 21, Figures 130, 130a ; Plate 39, Figube 210

Cryptolechia cretacea Zeller, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 2-13, 1873. —
Walsingham, Ti'ans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10, p. 176, 1882. — Riley, in
Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5218, 1891. — Busck, in
Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5846, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6387, 1903. — Busck, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908.— Babnks and McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6417, 1917.

Machimia cretacea (Zeller) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fa.sc.
180, p. 83, 1922.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada
and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8388,
1939.

Labial palpus, head, and fore wing white to sordid whitish more
or less sprinkled with small brown scales. Basal two-fifths of second
segment of labial palpus brown outwardly. Eyes narrowly edged
with brown in front. Antenna brown. Base of costa, first and
second discal spots, and an outwardly curved subterminal line of
spots brown. Hind wing and cilia brownish. Legs whitish strongly
overlaid with brown. Abdomen whitish somewhat suffused dorsally
with light brown and with more or less brown scaling ventrally.

Male genitalia. — Cucullus rounded, narrow ; clasper gently curved,
slightly dilated distally, heavily clothed with stout spines (the latter
extending inwardly down to sacculus) and extending well beyond
costa. Anellus a broad, strongly sclerotized plate with a deep
V-shaped median excavation; from posterodorsal margin a broad,
spatulate process; lateral lobes weakly developed, moderately hairy.
Aedeagus long, slightly curved, pointed; vesica armed with a long,
strongly sclerotized bar. Transtilla with long, digitate, hairy, lateral
lobes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium large,
round. Ductus bursae with a narrow sclerotized plate ventrally just
before ostium. Inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix oval, with few minute spicules on inner surface;
signum well developed.

Alar expanse, 14-16 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Texas.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Southern United States.

United States records

Arizona: Palmerlee, 4 $ $ (no data or collector).
Kansas: Onaga, $ (Crevecoeur, collector).

North Carolina: Southern Pines, 15 $ S , '^0 2 $ (July 15 to August 15).
286614—41 13

226 PROCEEDrNGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Texas: Brownsville, $ (no data or collector) ; Kerrville, 5 5 5,5 (April to
August dates, F. C. Pratt); San Benito, $ and $ (March 16-23; Sept.
8-15) ; Victoria, 5 ("3-20," E. A. Schwarz).

Remarks. — This species and sparsiciUella are the only two de-
scribed species of this genus with white or whitish ground color.
The black markings of sparsiciUella will immediately distinguish it
from cretacea.

INGA OBSCUROMACULELLA (Chambers), new combination

Plate 21, Figubes 126, 126a ; Plate 39, Figure 206

CryptolecMa ohscuromacuJella Chambees, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull.
4, p. 86, 1878. — RiXEY, in Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
5220, 1891.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5848, 1903.—
Kearfott, in Smith, Check List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
6388, 1908.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 195, 1908.— Barnes and
McDuNNoxjGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6418,
1917.
Ma-chimia ohscuromaculella (Chambers) MinrBicK, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. 180, p. 82, 1922. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8385, 1939.
Labial palpus, face, and head whitish ochreous to ochreous. Bnsal
three-fifths of second segment of palpus and front around eyes fus-
cous. Antenna whitish ochreous annulated with fuscous. Thorax
and fore wing ochreous strongly irrorated with fuscous; first and
second discal spots fuscous ; an indistinct, outwardly curved subtermi-
nal row of small fuscous spots. Hind wing grayish fuscous. Legs
fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe moderately narrow; cucullus bluntly
pointed; clasper slender, slightly dilated and clothed with fine spines
distally, reaching slightly beyond costa. Anellus broad with a deep
V-shaped, median excavation, and a large spatulate process from the
dorsoposterior margin; the latter broader distally than proximally;
lateral lobes small. Aedeagus long, slender, pointed; vesica armed
with a large patch of fine cornuti and a long, strongly sclerotized,
irregularly shaped band. Lateral lobes of transtilla moderately
large, hairy.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium moderately
large. Ductus bursae membranous with a narrow sclerotized ring
before ostium. Inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix large, oval with a minute, round signum.
Alar expanse, 14-15 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.
Type locality. — Basque County, Tex.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 227

Food Plant. — ^Unknown.

Distribution. — This species is known only from Texas.

United States records

Texas: Kerrville, $ (IV-12-07, F. C. Pratt) ; San Antonio, $ (June 1899, O. C.
Poling).

INGA CILIELLA (Busck), new combination

Plate 21, Figures 128, 128a; Plate 39, Figure 209

Cryptolechia ciUella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 196, 1908.—
Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 6423, 1917.

Machimia ciliella (Busck) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorura, fasc. 180,
p. 82, 1922; Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 3, p. 471, 1928. — McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8384, 1939.

Labial palpus, head, face, thorax, and fore wing light ochreous
more or less suffused with fuscous scaling. Basal three-fifths of
labial palpus blackish fuscous. Antenna blackish fuscous narrowly
annulated with brown. Base of costa, first and second discal spots,
a poorly defined spot near middle of inner margin, and a more or
less well defined undulating, outwardly curved row of spots blackish
fuscous ; cilia concolorous with fore wing. Hind wing and cilia dark
fuscous; cilia with a light basal line. Legs light ochreous strongly
overlaid with fuscous, the fore legs more so than the others. Ab-
domen light ochreous suffused and irrorated with fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe very short; cucuUus small, bluntly pointed;
clasper large, stout, reaching beyond costa, strongly spined. Anellus
large, laterally produced, recurved, forming a semitubular articula-
tion for the aedeagus ; dorsoanterior spatulate process well developed ;
lateral lobes small, hairy, fleshy. Aedeagus slender, long, nearly
straight; dorsodistal two-fifths scobinate; vesica armed with a long
sclerotized band. Lateral lobes of transtilla well developed, fleshy,
hairy.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium large
round. Ductus bursae with a broad sclerotized band before
ostium; ductus seminalis enlarged with its inception well before
ostium. Bursa copulatrix with a well developed signum; inner sur-
face finely spiculate.

Alar expanse, 16-23 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Ti/pe locality. — Baboquivari Mountains, Pima County, Ariz.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Southwestern United States.

228 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

United States records

Arizona: Baboquivari Mountains, 9 5 5,3?? (July 1903, August 1923, October,
November 1924, O. C. Poling ; July, August 1916 [no collector] ) ; PaLmerlee
3 $ S (no date or collector) : Yavapai County, $,392 (no date or
collector).

New Mexico: Sapello Caiion, $ (7-27-02, Oslar).

Remarks. — Some specimens of this species are rather heavily in-
fuscated and at first may be mistaken for concolorella but the geni-
talia will immediately distinguish the two.

The specimens from the Baboquivari Mountains are consistently
lighter than specimens from the other localities.

11. Genus MARTYRINGA Busck

Plate 1, Figube 10 ; Plate 5, Figure 39 ; Plate 11, Figi-res 72, 72a ; Plate 14,
Figure 90; Plate 17, Figure 107

Martvringa Busck, Journ. New York Ent, Soc, vol. 10, p. 96, 1902 ; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 489, 1903.— Ke^vrfott, in Smith, List of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 107, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 190, 1908. — Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heter-
ocera, vol. 4, p. 120, 1913. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 160, 1917. — Foiibes, Cornell Univ. Agr.
Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 234, 1923. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera insec-
torum, fasc. ISO, p. 54, 1922. — Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.),
vol. 11, p. 134, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 96,
1938. (Genotype: Oegoconia latipetmis Walsingham,Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc,
vol. 10, p. 190, 1882.)

Antenna stout (thickened in the male) ; basal segment without
pecten. Labial palpus long, recurved, reaching beyond vertex; sec-
ond segment thickened and roughened beneath, slightly longer than
third.

Fore wing slightly more than three times as long as wide ; termen
convex ; apex rounded ; inner margin straight ; 11 veins ; Ic strong at
margin, weaker basally; 2 and 3 coincident; 4 stalked with 2+3; 5
connate or approximate to 4 and parallel to 6 ; 8 and 9 out of 7 ; 7 to
termen just below apex.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing, costa slightly arched; tennen
oblique, straight; 7 veins; 3 and 4 coincident; 5 comiate with 3+4;
6 and 7 slightly divergent.

Male genitalia. — Clasper absent. Gnathos not spined. Uncus well
developed. Anellus membranous, not forming ring around aedeagus.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate sclerotized ; ductus bursae strongly
sclerotized posterior to inception of ductus seminalis ; signum absent.

Remarks. — This genus is closely related to the Asiatic genus
Anchonoma Meyrick {=Santuzza Heinrich). A marked difference,
however, exists in the male genitalia. The anellus of Anchonoma is

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 229

moderately sclerotized basally, and terminates in two long, strongly
sclerotized processes, the whole closely attached to the aedeagus. In
Martyringa the anellus is membranous and the two sclerotized
processes of the aedeagus, although closely resembling those of the
anellus of Anchonoma, cannot be homologized with them. Only ono
species of Martyringa (latipennis) is at present recognized.

By the weakness of Ic of the fore wing the genus approaches the
Gelechiidae, but on genitalic characters it clearly remains oecophorid.

MARTYRINGA LATIPENNIS (Walsingham)

Plate 1, Figtjke 10; PlxVte 5, Figure 39; Plate 11, Figures 72-72a ; Plate 14,
Figure 90 ; Plate 17, Figure 107

Oegoconia latipennis Walsingham, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 10, p. 190,
1882. — Riley, in Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5578,
1891.

Martyringa latipennis (Walsingham) BuscK, Journ. New York Ent. Soc, vol. 10,
p. 86, 1902 ; in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5476, 1903.— Kearfott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. GOOO, 1903.—
BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 190, 1908.— Barnes and McDun-
NOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6412, 1917. —
Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fuse. 180, p. 55, 1922. — Forbes.
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 234, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 101, p. 544, 1928.- Fletcher, Mem. Dept.
Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 134, 1929.— Beimley, The insects of North
Carolina, p. 302, 1938. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88,
p. 96, 1938. — McDuNNOuGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8380, 1939.

Labial palpus, antenna, head, thorax and legs, and ground color of
fore wing pale ochreous. Second segment of labial palpus shaded
with fuscous on basal two-thirds outwardly and irrorated basally in-
wardly; third segment with an indistinct fuscous, subbasal annulus;
antenna narrowly annulated with fuscous basally and shaded with
fuscous apically; basal segment fuscous above except at extreme tip.
Thorax and base of tegula strongly overlaid with fuscous. Ground
color of fore wing largely obscured by the fuscous shading; at basal
third two large blackish- fuscous spots followed by a broad, pale
ochreous dash ; at the end of cell a large blackish-fuscous spot ; from
costa, at beginning of cilia, a transverse, pale ochreous fascia to vein
6, then outwardly angled and curs^ed to inner margin slightly before
tomus ; termen pale ochreous ; cilia grayish fuscous. Hind wing pale
cinereous, shaded with fuscous toward apex; tenninal edge pale
ochreous ; cilia grayish fuscous. Legs shaded and banded with fuscous
except at joints. Abdomen ochreous, lightly suffused with pale fuscous
above ; below lighter, sparsely irrorated with fuscous.

Male genitaIia.-,r-HarpQ elongate, without clasper, sparsely clothed
with minute hairs. Anellus membranous. Vinculum produced ante-
riorly as a spatulate process. Transtilla a weakly sclerotized band.
Gnathos bluntly romided, roughly spoon-shaped. Uncus elongated,

230 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

recurved ventrally and terminating in a sharp point ; aedeagus long,
slender, heavier at the distal end than at the proximal end, terminating
in two stout, sharp-pointed processes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate heavily sclerotized, with a shallow
cleft on the posterior margin ; posterior part of ductus bursae flattened
and broadened ; ostium only a narrow horizontal slit ; bursa copulatrix
small, membranous.

Alar expanse, 15-21 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum.

Type locality. — Not stated.

Food plant. — ^Unknown.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, $ (July 7, 1908, Charles R. Ely).

Maryland: Cabin John, $ (August 1902, A. Busck) ; Plummers Island, 37 5 5,

5 $ S (July and August dates, 1902-1924, A. Busck; July, 1924, L. J. Bot-

timer).
New York: Ithaca (fesie Forbes).

North Carolina: Tryon, 2 $$,9 (3-16-VII-1904, Fiske).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 5 $ S, 2 9 9 (July dates, 1903-1907, H. D.

Merrick) ; Nicholson, 10 5 5 (July, August 1904, A. E. Lister).

Reinarks. — This species is probably more widespread than indicated
by present records. According to Mr. Busck the adults fly in the early
morning hours after midnight and are, therefore, collected infre-
quently. Mr. Busck also states that the larva probably will be found
in rotten wood.

12. Genus PLEUROTA Hubner

Plate 1, Figuee 6 ; Piate 5, Figure 34 ; Plate 12, Figubes 76, 76a ; Plate 14,

Figure 87

Pleurota Hubnee, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 406, 1826. — Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 191, 1908.— Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer.,
Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 134, 1912. — Barnes and McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 160, 1917. — Metriok, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 105, 1922; Revised handbook of
British Lepidoptera, p. 674, 1928. — Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent.
Ser.), vol. 11, p. 180, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt.
88, p. 169, 1938. (Genotype: Phalaena Tinea hicosteUa Clerck, Icones in-
sectorum rariorium cum uominibus eorum trivialibus, locisque e C. Linnaei
syst. nat allegatis, pi. 3, fig. 15, 1761.)

Eupleuris Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 406, 1826. — Meyeick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 105, 1922. (Genotype: Tinea
honorella HUbner. Sammlung europilischer Schmetterlinge, vol. 8, fig. 254,
1796.)

EoloscoUa Zet.t.kr, Isis von Oken, vol. 3. p. 190, 1839. — Meyeick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 105, 1922. (Genotype: Tinea forficella
Hubner, Sammlung europilischer Schmetterlinge, vol. 8, fig. 343, 1796.)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 231

Protasis He2ueu:oh-Schaffeb, Systematisches Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von
Europa, vol. 5, p. 40, 1853. — Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera iusectovum, fasc.
180, p. 105, 1922. (Genotype: Protasis punctella Costa, Fauna del regno di
napoli, vol. 2, pi. 4, fig. 2, 1836.)

Head with loosely appressed scales ; tongue well developed ; antenna
finely to strongly ciliated, basal segment with pecten; labial palpus
long, porrect; second segment densely clothed with long spreading
scales, especially beneath; third segment short, acute. Abdomen
strongly spined.

Fore wing elongate, pointed or falcate; termen very oblique; 12
veins; 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to termen; 2-5 approximated, 11 from before
middle.

Hind wing ovate, as broad as fore wing; 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate,
6 and 7 subparallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe without clasper. Anellus with lateral proc-
esses well developed. Gnathos well developed, pointed. Uncus well
developed.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae sclerotized for at least part of its
length ; inception of ductus seminalis at anterior third of ductus bursae.
Signum of bursa copulatrix present.

Remarks. — At present only one recognized American species; P.
albastrigulella (Kearfott).

Thema Walker (List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in
the collection of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 802, 1864 ; genotype :
Thema hrevivitella Walker) and Phtn/ganeutis Meyrick (Proc. Linn.
Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, p. 742, 1884; genotype: Phryganeutis
cinerea Meyrick) have been synonymized with Pleurota Hiibner, but
it does not seem likely that these Australian genera are congeneric with
Pleurota.

Pleurota can be distinguished from any other North American
oecophorid genera by the porrect labial palpus.

PLEUROTA ALBASTRIGULELLA (Kearfott)

Plate 20, Figures 123, 123a ; Plate 39, Figure 212

Dorata albastrigulella Keaefott, Can. Ent., vol. 39, p. 8, 1907.

Pleurota albastrigulella (Kearfott) Babnes and McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6413, 1917. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopter-
orum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 170, 1938. — McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera). No. 8389, 1939.

Pleurota albastrigilella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 191, 1908.

Pleurota albistrigulella Metykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 107, 1922.

232 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Labial palpus, antenna, head, thorax, and fore wing fuscous over-
laid, strigulated, or otherwise marked with white. Second segment of
labial palpus white beneath at base; from basal third irrorated and
mixed with white scales; third segment white exteriorly. Antenna
white beneath. Head and thorax almost entirely overlaid with white.
Edge of costa of fore wing white from base to apical third ; central
portion and apex of wing strongly dusted and overlaid with white;
at basal third, in cell, a blackish-fuscous spot followed by a similar
one at the end of cell ; on vein Ic an elongate, blackish-fuscous spot,
slightly nearer the inner and outer discal spot ; vein 7 marked with a
more or less distinct longitudinal, blackish-fuscous streak; around
termen a poorly defined series of blackish-fuscous spots; cilia white
with a light fuscous median band. Hind wing grayish fuscous, darker
apically ; cilia pale fuscous with an indistinct, darker, subbasal band.
Legs fuscous marked with silvery white; hind tibia and tarsus
ochreous-white, the latter overlaid with fuscous exteriorly except at
joints. Abdomen shining grayish fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, rather abruptly narrowed beyond
middle ; cucullus narrowly rounded. Anellus with a narrow, strongly
sclerotized portion and long, slender, bluntly pointed lateral processes.
Aedeagus slender, curved, somewhat dilated at each end ; vesica armed
with a few weakly sclerotized, short cornuti and with a small weakly
sclerotized folded area. Vinculum narrowly rounded. Gnathos long,
beaked, pointed, with a scobinate posterior surface. Uncus stout,
pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium large, oval,
transverse. Ductus bursae depressed and sclerotized in posterior third ;
inception of ductus seminalis at anterior third. Bursa copulatrix
large, oval, elongate ; signa consisting of two slender, thornlike proc-
esses from posterior surface of bursa, and a transverse, lunate plate
slightly posterior to middle of bursa ; at right angles to the long axig
of the plate, one third from each end of inner surface, two flattened,
pointed processes.

Alar expanse, 15-20 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — Placer County, Calif.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — Southwestern United States.

United States records

Arizona: Pinal Mountains, alt. 5,000 feet, 9 (May 15, 1925, O. C. Poling).

California: Camp Baldy, San Bernardino Mountains, $, 9 (June 24-30, July
16-23) ; Gavilan HiUs, Riverside, S (2-V-1935, C. M. Dammers) ; Havilah,
2 S $ (June 1-7) ; Los Angeles, S ("IV-22," O. Buchholz) ; San Diego,
S, 9 (8-12-V-1907, W. S. Wright), $ ("9-V-23," no collector), 2 S $ (no
date, Ricksecker) ; Shingle Springs, El Dorado County, 6 $ $ (16-V-1931,
7-V-1934, H. H. Keifer).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 233

13. Genus CARCINA Hubner

Plate 1, Figure 9 ; Plate 5, Figure 36 ; Plate 11, Figures 71, 71a ;
Plate 14, Figure 88

Carcina Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterliiige, p. 410, 1826. — Rebel,
in Staudinger and Bebel, Catalog der Lepidoptereu des palaearctischen
Faunengebietes, vol. 2, p. 175, 1901. — Waxsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep-
idoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 126, 1912.— Busck, Can. Ent., vol. 53, p. 277,
1921. — BL.VCKM0KE, Report of the Provincial (British Columbia) Museum
of Natural History for the year 1920, pp. 23, 31, 1921.— Meyrick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc, ISO, p. 159, 1922. — Fleichee, Mem. Dept. Agr.
India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 40, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 92, p. 251, 1939. (Genotype: Pyralis qiiercana Fabricius, Sys-
tema entomologiae, p. 652, 1775.)

Phiialocera Stephens, Illustrations of British entomology, Haustellata, vol.
4, p. 192, 1834. (Genotype: Pyralis quercana Farbricius, Systema ento-
mologiae, p. 652, 1775.)

Head with appressed scales ; tongue developed ; antenna longer than
fore wing, thick, simple; basal segment with pecten. Labial palpus
long, recurved ; second segment thickened with appressed scales ; ter-
minal segment shorter than second.

Fore wing broad, termen oblique, straight, 12 veins; 2 from well
before angle, 3 and 4 stalked, 5 and 6 parallel, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to
termen, 11 from before middle.

Hind wing nearly as wide as fore wing ; 8 veins ; 3 and 4 stalked ;
6 and 7 divergent toward apex.

Male ge7iitalia. — Cucullus divided; clasper absent. Anellus with
lateral processes. Vesica armed. Gnathos and uncus well developed,
the former unspined.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae membranous. Inception of
ductus seminalis adjacent to ostium. Signum present.

Larva. — Characters essentially as in Agonopterix : ninth abdominal
segment with setae I and II well separated; seta VI not on same pin-
aculum with IV and V, remote from VII. Setal group VII bisetose
on first and seventh, unisetose on eighth and ninth abdominal seg-
ments. Ocelli normal. Submentum without pit.

Pupa. — Smooth except for a fringe of hair on dorso- and latero-
caudal margins of seventh abdominal segment. Prothoracic femora
and labial palpi not exposed. Cremaster present but greatly reduced.

Remarhs. — This genus may be distinguished from the other genera
of North American oecophorids by the antenna which exceeds the
length of the fore wing.

The presence of a short (vestigial) cremaster in the pupa will dis-
tinguish Carcina from Machimia.

234 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

CARCINA QUERCANA (Fabricius)

Pyralis quercana Fabkicius, Systema entomologiae, p. 652, 1775 ; Entomologia
systematica, vol. 3, p. 271, 1793.

Phalaena quercana (Fabricius) Donovan, The natural history of British in-
sects, vol. 3, p. 93, pi. 106, fig. 3, 1794.

Tortrix quercana (Fabricius) Haworth, Lepidoptera Britannica, 1811.

Carcina quercana (Fabricius) Heinemann, Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands
und der Schweiz, vol. 2, p. 362, 1870. — Rossler, Jahrb. nassau. Vereins
Naturk., vol. 33, p. 282, 1881.— Snellen, Die Vlinders van Nederland, vol. 2,
p. 609, 1882. — Steudel and Hoffmann, Wiirttemberg. Vereins vaterl.
Naturk., vol. 38, p. 206, 1882.— Jourdheuille, M(5m. Soc. Acad. I'Aube,
vol. 47, p. 188, 1883.- Bau, Handbiich fiir Schmetterlings-Sammler, p. 358,
1886. — SoRHAGEN, Die Kleinschmetterlinge der Mark Brandenburg, p. 216,
1886.— Failla-Tedaldi, Nat. Siciliano, vol. 8, p. 186, 1889.— Rebel, Verh. zool.-
bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 42, p. 530, 1893.— Meyrick, A handbook of British Lep-
idoptera, p. 613, 1895. — Reutti, Verh. Naturw. Vereins Karlsruhe, vol. 12,
p. 237, 1898.— Seebold, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 11, p. 317, 1898.—
Caradja, Deutsche Ent. Zietschr., Iris, vol. 12, p. 207, 1899.— Stance, Die
Tineinen der umgegend von Friedland in Mecklenberg, p. 34, 1899. — Rebel,
in Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der Lepidoptern des palaearctischen
Faunengebietes, vol. 2, No. 3323, 1901.— Caradja, Bull. Soc. Sci. Bucarest,
vol. 10, p. 155, 1901. — Sorhagen, Allgemeine Zeitschr. Ent., vol. 7, p. 77,
1902.— DiSQTJi;, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 14, p. 213, 1902.—
ScHtJTZE, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 15, p. 23, 1902. — Speiser, Konigs-
berg. Physikal-Oekonom. Ges. Beitr. Naturk. Preussens, No. 9, p. 148, 1903. —
Rebel, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus., vol. 18, p. 336, 1903. — Mendes, Broteria, vol. 3,
p. 248, 1904.— Crombrugghe, M^m. Soc. Ent. Belgique, vol. 2, p. 51, 1906.—
Rebel, Veih. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 58, p. (80), 1908.— Spuler, Die
Schmetterlinge Europas, vol. 2, p. 343, pi. 89, fig. 35, 1910.— Griebel,
Lepid. Fauna Rheinpfalz., vol. 2, p. 55, 1910. — Piquenabd, Bull. Soc. Sci. MM.
Quest. (Rennes), vol. 19, p. 79, 1910. — Gianetxt, Ann. Accad. Agr. Torino,
vol. 53, p. 96, 1911.— Rebel, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus., vol. 25, p. 417, 1911.—
HoLL, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, vol. 3, p. 26, 1911.— Haudeb,
Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 25, p. 204, 1913.— Skala, Verh. naturf. Ver. Briinn, vol.
51, p. 316, 1913.— Rebel, Wien. Ent. Ver. Jahresb., vol. 23, p. 202, 1913.—
Verbkodt and Mtjller-Rutz, Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz, vol. 2,
p. 476, 1914.— Galvagni, Wien. Ent. Ver. Jahresb., vol. 25, p. 35, 1915.—
ScHAWERDA, Wien. Ent. Ver. Jahresb., vol. 20, p. 46, 1916. — Rebel, Ann.
Naturh. Hofmus., vol. 30, p. 166, 1916 ; Sitzungsb. Akad. AViss. Wien, vol. 126,
p. 808, 1917.— Martini, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 30, p. 155, 1917.—
MiTTELBERGER, Wien. Ent. Ver. Jahresb., vol. 28, p. 66, 1918. — Turati, Soc.
Italiana Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico, Pavia, vol. 58, p. 116, 1919. — Strand,
Archiv fiir Naturg., vol. 85A, pt. 4, p. 9, 1919. — Blackmore, Report of the
Provincial (British Columbia) Museum of Natural History for the year
1920, pp. 23. 31, pi. 2, 1921.— BuscK, Can. Ent., vol. 53, p. 276, 1921.—
Blackmore, Report of the Provincial (British Columbia) Museum of
Natural History for the year 1921, p. 28, 1922.— Zimmerman, Verh. zool.-bot.
Ges. Wien, vol. 71, p. (43), 1922. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera in-
sectorum, fasc. 180, p. 159, 1922. — Chretien, in Oberthiir, Etudes de Lepidop-
terologie compar^e, fasc. 19, p. 368, 1922.— Galvagni, Wien. Ent. Ver. Jahresb.,
vol. 30, p. 105, 1924.— Lr.oNARDi, Elenco delle specie di Insetti dannosi e

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 235

loro parassiti ricordati in Italia fino all' anno 1911, pt. 2, p. 281, 1927. —
Zerny, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 41, p. 144, 1927. — Larsen, Ent.
Meddel., vol. 17, p. 80, 1927. — Meyeick, A revised handbook of British
Lepidoptera, p. 675, 1928. — Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.),
vol. 11, p. 40, 1929.— Amsei., Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 44, p. 121,
1930. — Drenowski, Mem. Bulg. Akad. Wiss., vol. 26, No. 6, p. 75, 1930. —
Vkrbrodt, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 45, p. 129, 1931. — Eschesich,
Die Forstinsekten Mitteleuropas, vol. 3, p. 202, fig. 162, pi. 1, fig. 22, 1931.—
Kebel and Zerny, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Kl., vol. 103,
p. 151, 1931. — Hiking, Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas (Die Schmetterlinge),
p. 154, 1932.— Eckstein, Kleinschmet. Deutschlands, p. 123, pi. 6, fig. 223,
1933. — Sterneck, Prodromus der Schmetterlingsfauna Bohmens, vol. 2,
p. 109, 1933. — MoRLEY and Rait-Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, vol. 81,
p. 176, 1933.— Zeei^y, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 48, p. 25, 1934.—
Ostheldi:r, Mitt. Miinch. Ent. Ges., vol. 24, p. 82, 1935. — Pierce and Met-
calfe, The genitalia of the tineid families of the Lepidoptera of the
British Islands, p. 32, pi. 18, 1935. — Rapp, Beitrage zur Fauna Thiiringens,
vol. 2, p. 140, 1936. — McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada
and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8392,
1939. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterormn catalogus, pt. 92, p. 251, 1939.

Phibalocera quercana (Fabricius) Stithens, A systematic catalog of British
insects, pt. 2, p. 192, No. 7153, 1829; Illustrations of British entomology,
Haustellata, vol. 4, p. 193, 1834.— Wood, Index entomologicus, p. 169, fig. 1160,
1845. — Stainton, Insecta Britannica, p. 81, 1854; A manual of British
butterflies and moths, vol. 2, p. 319, 1859; The natural history of the
Tineina, vol. 13, pp. 296, 297, pi. 7, fig. 1, 1873.

Phalaenae Tortrix fagana Schiffermuller, Systematisches Verzeichniss der
Schmetterlinge der Wiener Gegend, p. 128, pi. 16, fig. 6, 1776.

Tortrix fagana (Schiffermiiller) Hubner, Sammlung europiiischer Schmetter-
linge, vol. 7, pi. 24, fig. 153, 1830.

Carcina fagana (Fabricius) Heerich-Schaffer, Systematisches Bearbeitung
der Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 5, p. 131, 1853.

Tinea cancella HtJBNER, Sammlung europiiischer Schmetterlinge, p. 69, fig. 453,
1796.

Carcina cancrella Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 410, 1826.

Lampros faganella Treitschke, in Ochsenheimer, Die Schmetterlinge von Eu-
ropa, vol. 9, pt. 2, p. 67, 1833.

Labial palpus pale yellow ; second segment irrorated with pink on
apical third. Antenna pale yellow below, dull pink above. Face
shining pale yellow. Head and thorax very pale, dull brownish
ochreous. Fore wing dull pink overlaid and suffused with pale, dull
brownish ochreous and sparsely irrorated in apical third with black ;
on basal tliird of costa a narrow, yellow patch fading to white on
extreme costal edge; from middle to apical third of costa a quadrate
yellow patch; edge of costa to apex and termen to tomus and the
cilia dark yellow ; cilia at tornus dull pink ; from basal third to about
middle of inner margin a subtriangular yellow patch extending well
into cell; in this patch, which is ochreous in some specimens, some
reddish-ochreous scales. Hind wing pale straw-yelloAv suffused with

236 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

pink at apex; cilia pale yellow. Legs creamy white; fore pair
strongly overlaid exteriorly with dark pink. Abdomen light
yellowish.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample, hairy, without clasper; sacculus
deeply folded; cucullus deeply cleft, lower point (extension of sac-
culus?) with tuft of strong, curved bristles. Lateral processes of
anellus long. Vesica armed with 4 to 7 strong cornuti. Gnathos
without spines. Uncus elongate, hooked, lateral edges infolded.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate dilated laterally; ostium slitlike;
ductus bursae membranous; inception of ductus seminalis just before
ostium; bursa copulatrix with small signum.

Alar expanse, 17-21 mm.

Type.—Los.t'i

Type locality. — Europe.

FoQcl plants. — Quercus; Gotoneaster pyracantha L. ; apple.

Distribution. — Europe, Asia Minor, and southern Vancouver Is-
land, British Columbia, Canada.

Canadian records

British Columbia: Victoria, 14 5 (^, 10 5 5 (July and August dates, 1920-
1922, E. H. Blackmore ; 19-VII-1922, W. R. Carter ; 7-8-VIII-1929, J. F. G.
Clarke) .

Remarks. — The species is well established on southern Vancouver
Island, British Columbia, and probably will be found in Washington
State, across the Straits of Juan de Fuca, where oak is abundant.

There is considerable variation in this species, wliich probably
accounts for some of the synonymy, but all figures of this species I
have seen are readily recognizable.

14. MATHILDANA, new genus

Plate 1, Figure 2 ; Plate 7, Fiquee 50; Plate 11, Figuees 74, 74a, 74b ; Plate 19,

Figure 118

Genotype. — Dasycera newmanella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadel-
phia, vol. 2, p. 428, 1864.

Head smooth, tongue developed ; antenna thickened with scales ; cili-
ated in male ; basal segment without pecten. Labial palpus long, slen-
der; second segment thickened with appressed scales; third segment
shorter than second, slender, acute.

Fore wing narrow, costa straight or gently arched ; apex narrowly
rounded ; 12 veins ; 2 about as near to 3 as 4 is to 5 ; 7 and 8 stalked, both
to costa ; 11 from about middle of cell ; cell not much longer than one-
half the length of wing.

Hind wing about as wide as fore wing ; costa gently convex ; 8 veins ;
3 and 4 connate ; 5 nearer to 6 than to 4.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 237

Male genitalia. — Harpe without clasper. Anellus with lateral proc-
esses. Vesica armed. Gnathos and uncus well developed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate partly sclerotized. Ductus bursae
with blind sac from ventral surface. Signum present.

Remarks. — The species neivmanella has been placed in several dif-
ferent genera by various authors, but I have found it impossible to
include our North American specimens in any of the established
genera.

Walsingham ^° has discussed the confusion arising from the descrip-
tion of two species with the name sulphurella by Fabricius, and sup-
pressed the genus Oecophora as a result. He was erroneous in this, as
brought out by Meyrick,''^ who resurrected Oecophora and separated
it from Dasycera. Dasycera Stephens (1829) is synonymous with
Dasy census Haworth (1828), the latter being preoccupied by Dasycerus
Brongniart (1800). Esperia is therefore the proper generic
name for the European species, as pointed out by Fletcher.*^ This
name is not available for our American species since the two, n&wman-
ella and sulphur ella., are not congeneric.

In Espeiia the costa of the fore wing is concave, the cell reaches to
outer two-thirds, vein 2 is remote from 3 ; 3, 4, and 5 are about equidis-
tant at their bases. In the hind wing vein 5 is much nearer to 4 than to
6. In the male genitalia the clasper is present and the vesica is without
armature. (I have not seen a female of Esperia.)

The genus Mathildana differs from Esperia by the straight or convex
costa of fore wing, the short cell, which does not extend much past the
center of the wing, and the approximation of vein 2 to 3. In the
hind wing vein 5 is nearer to 6 than to 4. In the male the clasper is
absent, and the vesica is strongly armed.

MATHILDANA NEWMANELLA (Clemens), new combination

Dasycera neivmanella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 428, 1864 ;
in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 252, 1872. — Zelleb, Verh. zool.-bot.
Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 289, 1873.— Chambers, U. S. Gaol. Geogr. Surv. Terr.
Bull. 3, p. 145, 1877. — BEUTENMtJLLEB, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of
New Jersey, p. 357, 1890. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 5545, 1891.— Dietz, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects
of New Jersey, p. 476, 1900.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No.
5932, 1903. — Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera in^ectorum, fasc. 180, p. 22, 1922. —
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 18, 1938. — IMcDttnnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America
(Part 2, Mlerolepidoptera), No. 8353, 1939.

^ Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 141, 1912.
*T Meyrick, in V. ytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 20-21, 1922.
*8 Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. sen), vol. 11, p. 8.5, 1929.

238 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Oecophora neivmanella (Clemens) Keaefott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, No. 6478, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
35, p. 203, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Cheek list of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6499, 1917. — Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North
America, vol. 4, pi. 38, fig. 6, 1920.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.,
Memoir 68, p. 249, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir
101, p. 546, 1928.— Brimley, The insects of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938.

Labial palpus orange-yellow; third segment with brownish suffu-
sion. Tongue yellow. Face, tegula, collar, and basal segment of
antenna brassy; remainder of antenna shining purplish black except
for about eight terminal segments, which are silvery white. Head,
thorax, and fore wing dusky black with a pronounced purple luster ;
from base of wing, along fold, an orange-yellow dash extending to
basal fifth; in cell, a similarly colored, longitudinal dash reaching
slightly past middle of wing (in some specimens the orange dashes
are weak or absent, this is especially true of the southern examples) ;
cilia fuscous, lighter apically. Hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia lighter.
Legs shining brassy. Abdomen fuscous above with a faint purple
sheen ; brassy below.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow ; divided beyond sacculus ; sacculus
broad ; cucullus sharply pointed. Anellus a small plate ; lateral proc-
esses long, flattened, dilated distally. Aedeagus moderately short,
stout; vesica armed with numerous long, straight cornuti. Vinculum
narrowly rounded. Gnathos broad, thick, slightly excavated posteri-
orly and terminating in a long, sharply pointed process. Uncus long,
pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate narrow; sclerotized posteriorly.
Ostium rather broad, oval, opening in membranous anterior part of
genital plate. Ductus bursae narrowly sclerotized adjacent to ostium,
with short blind sac from ventral surface anterior to sclerotized part ;
inception of ductus seminalis well before ostium. Bursa copulatrix
large, asymmetrical; signum a lightly sclerotized elongate, weakly
spined plate.

Alar expanse, 14r-19 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — "Virginia."

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distrihutio7i. — Eastern United States and eastern Canada.

United States records

District of Columbia: Washington, $ (no date or collector).
Maryland: $ (May 30, 1916, A. Busck) ; 9 (May 30, 1906, H. S. Barber).
New Hampshire: Hampton, 2 S $ (lO-ll-VI-1911, S. A. Shaw).
New Jersey: Greenwood Lake, $ (June 10, 1900, Wm. Beutenmiiller).
New York: Numerous localities (ficie Forbes).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 239

North Carolina: Black Mountains, G S $ ,4 ^ ^ (May 3-27, Wm. Beutenmiiller) ;
Mount Graybeard, S ("V-26," Wm. Beutenmiiller).

Ohio: Cincinnati, 4 $ $ {28-V-1904, A. F. Braun) ; $ ("5-23-03," no collector) ;
Cuyahoga County, $ (9-VI-189S, W. D. Kearfott).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, 2 $ $ (lO-VI-1907, 10-21-1907, H. D. Merrick).

Vermont: 2 S $ (no date or collector).

Virginia: Mountain Lake, 2 $ 3 (June 14, 1907, A. F. Braun) ; Virginia shore,
opposite Plummers Island, Md., $ (May 28, 1914, R. C. Shannon) ; Wood-
stock, 9 (June 1, 1903; no collector).

Canadian records

Ontario: Bala (July 19, 1932, G. S. Walley) ; Fishers Glen (June 12, 1931, W. J.
Brown) ; Georgian Bay (July 13, 1932, G. S. Walley) ; Leamington (June 8,
1929, G. S. Walley) ; Orillia (June 26, July 2, 1926, C. H. Curran) ; Ottawa, $
(19-VI-1905, C. H. Young) ; Point Pelee (July 22, 1927, F. P. Ide).

Quebec: Kuowlton (June 24, 1929, G. S. Walley) ; Laval County (July 13, 1907) ;
Mount St. Hilaire (July 1, 1909) ; Oka (June 12, 1911) ; St. Johns (June 19,
1911, G. Chagnon).

Remarks. — The specimens from North Carolina have little or no
orange color in the center of the wing but otherwise agree with the
specimens from more northern localities.

15. CAROLANA, new genus

Pjlate 1, Figure 3; Plate 7, Figuke 49; Plate 10, Figthjes 69, 69a, 69b;
Plate 16, Figup.e 96 ; Plate 17, Figuke 108

Genotyye. — Borhhausenla aseripteUa Busck, Can. Ent., vol. 40, p.
194, 1908.

Head with closely appressed scales; tongue well developed; antenna
strongly ciliated in male, simple in female ; basal segment with strong
pecten; labial palpus long, slender, smooth; third segment nearly as
long as second. Abdomen armed with peculiar, short, stout, trun-
cated setae. Thorax smoothly scaled.

Fore wing elongate, costa gently arched; apex pointed; 12 veins;
2 distant from 3 ; 3, 4, and 5 equidistant ; 7 and 8 long stalked, both
to costa; 10 distant from 9; 11 from basal fourth of cell.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing; apex pointed; 3 and 4 stalked
from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 subparallel ; cell shorter than one half the
length of wing.

Male genitalia. — Clasper absent. Anellus without lateral processes.
Vesica armed. Uncus and gnathos present. Socii absent.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ductus bursae
partly sclerotized. Signum present.

Remar^ks. — This genus may be distinguished from Borkhau^enia
by the following characters: In Garolana vein 2 of the fore wing is
distant from 3, 10 is distant from 9, 11 from basal fourth, and there
is no internal cell. In the hind wing 3 and 4 are stalked and the cell

240 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL IVIUSEUM vol. 90

is shorter than one-half the length of the wing. The clasper is
absent in the male genitalia, and the ductus bursae of the female is
partly sclerotized. In BorJchausenia veins 2 to 5 of the fore wing are
equidistant, 10 is near 9, 11 is from about middle of cell, and the
internal cell is present. In the hind wing 3 and 4 are approximate
and the cell is about half as long as the wing. In the male genitalia
the clasper is present and in the female genitalia the ductus bursae
is membranous.

The genotype is the only species I have seen referable to this
genus.

CAROLANA ASCRIPTELLA (Bnsck), new combination

Borkhausenia ascrxptella Busck, Can. Ent., vol. 40, p. 194, 1908; Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 204, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6505, 1917. — Barnes and Busck,
Contr. Lepid. North America, vol. 4, p. 235, 1920. — Meyrick, in Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 40, 1922. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp.
Stat. Memoir 68, p. 249, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928. — Procter, Biological survey of the Mount Desert
Region: The insect fauna, p. 272, 1938. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 88, p. 51, 1938. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
No. 8369, 1939.

Labial palpus, antenna, face, head, thorax, and fore wing straw
colored, shining. Second segment of labial palpus shaded with black-
ish fuscous exteriorly on basal half. Antenna indistinctly and nar-
rowly annulated with fuscous. Fore wing irrorated with blackish
fuscous; base of costa, a large spot at basal third, in cell, and one
at end of cell, blackish fuscous; cilia straw colored, more ochreous
basally. Hind wing pale light fuscous ; cilia ochreous basally fading
to straw color outwardly. Legs straw colored, strongly overlaid
with blackish fuscous exteriorly except at joints and on hind tibia
and tarsus. Abdomen shining whitish-ochreous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe narrow ; cucullus rounded. Anellus deeply
incised on posterior edge. Aedeagus large, stout, sharply pointed,
sharply curved basally; vesica armed with a single, long, sharply
pointed, strong cornutus. Vinculum narrowly rounded. Gnathos
very broad, shovel-shaped and very closely approximated to the
slender, pointed uncus.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium broad, an-
terior edge concave. Ductus bursae slender, twisted, sclerotized in
posterior two-thirds, the sclerotized portion bearing numerous small
teeth on inner surface ; ductus seminalis entering well before ostium.
Bursa copulatrix large, oval; signum a weakly sclerotized, toothed
plate.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 241

Alar expanse, 9-12 mm.

Ty^e. — In the United States National Museum.
Tyj)e locality. — Oak Station, Allegheny County, Pa.
Food plant. — Unknown.

Distnhution. — Eastern United States from Maryland northward
to Maine.

United States records

Connecticut: East River, $ (July 8, 1909, Charles R. Ely).

District of Columbia: Anaeostia, $, 5 (7-VI-1910, P. R. Myers).

Maryland: Plummers Island, 4 $ S,2 5 $ (June 1903, A. Busck).

New Hampshire: 2 $ $ (A. Busck).

New Jersey: Essex County Park, $, 9 (June 24-30, W. D. Kearfott) ; Mont-

clair, 2 S $, S 5 5 (June, July dates, 1913, 1920, W. D. Kearfott).
New York: Ithaca {teste Forbes).
Pennsylvania: New Brighton, S $ $ (June, July, 1907 and 1911, H. D. Merrick) ;

Oak Station, Allegheny County, 14 $ $, Q 5 5 (June, July dates, 1911,

Fred Marloff ) .

Remarks. — This species has been recorded *^ from JMexico and Costa
Rica but the specimens I have seen, determined as this species, are
referable to other genera.

16. Genus DECANTHA Busck

Plate 3, Figure 19 ; Plate 7, Figuee 55 ; Plate 10, Figukes 66, 66a ;
Plate 14, Figure 91

Decantha Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 202, 1908; vol. 47, p. 31,
1915. — Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p.
422, 1915. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, p. 161, 1917. — jMeyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorimi,
fasc. ISO, p. 24, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir OS,
p. 248, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 540,
1928.— Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 64, 1929.—
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 23, 1938. (Genotype:
OecopJiora borkhausenii Zeller, Isis von Oken, vol. 3, p. 192, 1839.)
Head sm^ooth; tongue developed. Antenna ciliated in male; basal

segment with pecten. Labial palpus long, recurved; second segment

roughened in front and thickened with appressed scales; terminal

segment shorter than second, acute.

Fore wing elongate, pointed, 11 veins; 2 from toward angle, 3

from angle, 7 and 8 coincident, to costa ; 11 from middle.
Hind wing narrower than fore wing, 8 veins; 3 and 4 remote, 4

from angle; 5 to 7 r)arallel.
Male genitalia. — Harpe without clasper. Anellus with elongate,

strap-like, lateral processes. Gnathos not spined. Vesica with strong

cornuti. Uncus pointed.

*» Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 143, 1912.
286614 — 41 14

242 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Female genitalia. — ^Ductus biirsae lightly sclerotized posteriorly.
Signum present.

Remarks. — This genus is similar to Fdbiola in having veins 7 and 8
of the fore wing coincident. It may be distinguished, however, by the
presence of pecten on the basal segment of the antenna, the presence of
strong cornuti on the vesica of the male, and the presence of a signum
in the female.

There is a single North American species belonging to this genus.

DECANTHA BOREASELLA (Chambers)

Plate 20, Figuees 125, 125a ; Plate 39, Figuee 211

Oecophora horeasella Chambeks, Can. Ent., vol. 5, p. 189, 1873 ; Cincinnati Quart.
Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 114, 292, 1875 ; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 3,
p. 129, 141, 1877. — Riley, in Smitb, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5550, 1891.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5921, 1903.

Borlhai(senia horeaseUa (Chambers) Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6468, 1903 (as a synonym of Bork-
haiisenia horkhausenii [Zeller]).

Decantha ioreasella (Chambers) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 202,
1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6497, 1917. — Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 24, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p.
248, 1923; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 101, p. 546,
1928.— Gaede. in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 23, 1938.— Mc-
Dunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States
of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8358, 1939 (as a synonym of
Decantha horkhausenii [Chambers]).

Borkhausenia lorkhauscnii (Zeller) Dyar, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 934,
1904.

Labial palpus white overlaid and irrorated with black. Antenna
checkered black and white. Head black, with a reddish luster and
mixed with white posterodorsally. Thorax and fore wing shining
golden ; base of tegula and collar narrowly black ; base of wing black,
outer margin of the black basal patch concave and edged with white ;
the color of the basal patch is narrowly continued along the costal
edge to apical fourth; at basal third a triangular area (broadest at
costa) of black crosses the wing to the inner corner of a quadrate
black spot on the inner margin ; from middle of costa, to apical fourth,
a rectangular black area extending past the middle of wing, and
joined by its inner corner to the outer corner of the spot on the inner
margin; the outer corner of the rectangular costal spot extends to
tonius where it broadens and fades to reddish brown; all spots are
edged outwardly with white and the spot on the inner margin is
edged inwardly with white: at apex a black spot; icilia golden

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 243

cchreous. Hind wing dark fuscous; cilia shining yellowish fuscous.
Legs black annulated with white at joints. Abdomen fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad, short, cucullus rounded; sacculus
rather strongly, though narrowly, sclerotized and produced as a
pointed process slightly beyond cucullus. Anellus consisting of two
long, flattened, truncated, lateral processes arising from a small basal
plate. Aedeagus relatively long, stout, nearly straight, bluntly
pointed ; vesica armed with one long cornutus with lateral serrations
and a smaller, stout, hooked distal one. Vinculum bhmtly pointed.
Gnathos truncate. Uncus long, pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate lightly sclerotized posteriorly;
ostium long, narrow, opening in anterior membranous part of genital
plate. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized in posterior two-thirds,
posterior third somewhat narrower than anterior part ; at middle, from
inner surface several long slender spines ; inception of ductus seminalis
at posterior two-thirds. Bursa copulatrix small; signum a poorly
developed, elongate plate.

Alar expanse, 10-15 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Not stated.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distrihution. — Far-western United States and Canada and North-
eastern United States.

United States records

Arizona: Huachuca Mountains, $ (no date) ; Pinal Mountains, $ (July 1900,

Kunze).
California: Burney Falls, Shasta County, $ (20-VII-1871, Walsingham) ; Camp

Baldy, San Bernardino Mountains, ? (June 24-30).
District of Columbia: $ (A. Busck).
Massachusetts: Cohasset, S (July 6, 1907, Owen Bryant).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Kaslo, 2 S $ (29-VI-1903; 25-VII-1903, H. G. Dyar) ; Seton
Lake, Lillooet, $ (9-VI-1926, J. McDunnough).

Remarks. — In Chambers' description he gives the dark areas of the
fore wing, head, palpi, etc., as "reddish-brown." In the fresh speci-
mens before me these parts are distinctly black, but worn specimens
are brownish. In view of this I feel that his description was written
from a faded specimen.

This is the species that has been listed as a synonym of the Euro-
pean horkhausenii with which it is definitely congeneric; but a com-
parison of the figures will adequately show the differences.

244 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

17. Genus FABIOLA Busck

Plate 3, Figure 25 ; Plate 6, Figure 41 ; Plate 8, Figures 61, 61a ; Plate 16,

Figure 95

FaUola Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 35, p. 202, 1908.— Barnes and Mc-
DuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 161, 1917. —
Meteick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 23, 1922. — Forbes,
Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 248, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928. — Fleh-cher, Mem. Dept. Agr.
India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 96, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum
catalogus, pt. 88, p. 22, 1938.— Brimley, The insects of North Carolina, p. 304,
1938. (Genotype: Oecophora shalcriella Chambers, Cincinnati Quart.
Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 114, 1875.)

Head with smooth, appressed scales and spreading side tufts ; tongue
developed ; antenna strongly ciliated in male ; basal segment without
pecten. Labial palpus long, slender, curved, smooth; terminal seg-
ment as long as second.

Fore wing elongate; 11 veins, 2 from well before angle, 7 and 8
coincident, to costa.

Hind wing narrow, ovate-lanceolate, 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate or
approximate ; 6 and 7 parallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe without clasper. Anellus with lateral pro-
cesses. Tegumen broad. Gnathos not spined. Socii absent. Uncus
present.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized, protruding;
ductus bursae membranous; signum absent.

Remarks. — ^A derivative of Schiffermulleria, differing from it in
having veins 7 and 8 of the fore wing coincident, and a slender
extension of the sacculus.

This genus contains two described North American species.

FABIOLA SHALERIELLA (Chambers)

Oecophora shalerieUa Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 114,
1875.

Faiiola shalerieUa (Chambers), Mettrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fasc. 180, p. 23, 1922.— Forbes, in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.,
Memoir 101, p. 546, 1928.— Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 61, p. 46,
1935. — McDuNNOXJGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the
United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8356, 1939.

Oecophora shalleriella Rxlet, in Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
No. 5557, 1891.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5928, 1903.

Borkhausenia shalleriella, Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Boreal America, No. 6474, 1903.

Fabiola shalleriella Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 202, 1908.— Barnes
and McDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No.
6498, 1917.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 248, 1923.—
Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 96, 1929.— Gaede,
in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 22, 1938.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 245

Labial palpus shining white ; second segment narrowly edged with
fuscous anteriorly and at apex; third segment wholly overlaid with
fuscous. Antenna shining greenish fuscous narrowly and faintly
annulated with silvery white. Face shining white. Head and thorax
iridescent greenish fuscous, this color continued to base of fore wing
and narrowly around its edges ; at basal forth of fore wing, from inner
margin, a conspicuous, transverse, white fascia, which does not reach
costa and is narrowly edged inwardly and outwardly with black; in
costal half of the white fascia numerous metallic blue scales ; between
this fascia and the base of wing a large golden-ochreous spot, lighter
centrally ; slightly before apex, on costa, a white spot ; from this spot a
short, transverse, black-edged fascia extends almost to inner margin ;
between this fascia and that at basal fourth the ground color is golden-
ochreous, this color also between the outer metallic fascia and apex;
from costa, in the area between the two fasciae, an elongate greenish-
fuscous shade streaked with white and extending nearly to middle of
wing; on middle inner margin an elongate, irregular velvety black
spot containing three small spots of metallic blue scales. Between this
black spot and the fuscous costal shade a pale, yellowish longitudinal
streak ; extreme apex white preceded by fuscous ; cilia shining fuscous
except at tornus; there creamy white. Hind wing blackish fuscous
except for a whitish baso-costal area ; cilia shining fuscous. Legs sil-
very white shaded with fuscous. Abdomen greenish fuscous above,
silvery white beneath.

Male genitalia. — ^Harpe broad, sparsely hairy ; costa convex ; cucullus
sharply pointed. Anellus with long, curved, pointed lateral processes ;
lateral process with double row of minute setae for most of length.
Aedeagus slender, slightly curved. Vinculum broadly rounded.
Gnathos long, rugose toward distal end, which is truncated. Uncus
long, sharply pointed. Tegumen produced laterally into a point.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized, convex,
broader anteriorly than posteriorly. Ostium longitudinal, nearly
spindle-shaped. Ductus bursae slender ; ductus seminalis at posterior
third of ductus bursae. Bursa copulatrix oval.

Alar expanse, 10-15 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — Camp Bee Spring, Ky.

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distnhution. — Eastern United States and Canada.

United States records

Connecticut: Stamford, $ (June 10, 1930, B. T. R. Lab., coll.).

Kentucky: Camp Bee Spring.

Maryland: Plummers Island, $, $ (31-V-1908, A. Busck).

246 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 9a

New York: Bear Mountain, 2 $ $, 9 (13-VI-1925, F. M. Schott).

Pennsylvania: New Brighton, $ (24-VI-1907, H. D. Merrick) ; Oak Station,
Alleglieny County, 11 $$,3 $$ (11-18-VI-1911, Fred Marloff) ; Ohio
Pyle, $, S 9 9, (lO-VI-1906, Henry Engel) ; Pittsburgh, 2 $ $ ((6-10-
VI-1906, Henry Engel) ; York, 3 $ $ 2 9 9 (ll-VI-1901 and 1(>-VI-1902,
W. D. Kearfott).

Virginia: Great Falls, 31 5 5, 2 9 9 (May dates, 1919-1922, A. Busek).

Canadian records
Ontario: Severn (June 17, 1925, C. H. Curran).

Remarks. — This and the following species are the only two, described
from North America, referable to the genus Fahiola.

FABIOLA TECTA Braun

Plate 20, Figures 119, 119a

Fahiola tecta Bbaun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 61, p. 45, 1935. — Beimlet,
Insects of North Carolina, p. 304, 1938. — McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera), No. 8357, 1939.

Similar to shdleriella but smaller, with the golden-ochreous areas
of the fore wing replaced by yellow, the median black area extending
almost across the wing and containing three longitudinal metallic-blue
streaks, and with the fuscous areas and cilia of both wings more
blackish.

Male genitalia. — Similar to shaleriella but with the harpe broader,
cucullus more acutely pointed and with the lobes of the tegumen
shorter and more bluntly pointed.

Alar expanse, 9-10 mm.

Type. — In Dr. A. F. Braun collection, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Type locality. — Near Natural Bridge, McCreary County, Ky.

Food plant. — ^Unknown.

Distribution. — Known only from Kentucky.

United States records

Kentucky: Cumberland Valley, Letcher County, 2 S $ (l-VII-1935, A. F.
Braun).

Remarks. — The two males listed above were sent to me by Dr.
Braun. I have seen no other specimens.

This species is amply distinct from shaleriella in markings and
genitalia.

18. Genus SCHIFFERMULLERIA Hubner

Plate 2, Figtjre 18 ; Plate 7, Figure 56 ; Plate 13, Figures 82, S2a ; Plate 16,

Figure 98

Schiffermillleria Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Scbmetterlinge, p. 421, 1826. —
Stephens, Illustrations of British entomology, Haustellata, vol. 4, p. 423,
1835. — Walsingham and Durant, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 45, p. 156, 1909. —

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 247

Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, vol. 4, p. 421-422,
1912. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 26-27, 1922. —
Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir G8, p. 240-248, 1923. (Geno-
type: Phalaena Tinea schaefferella Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, p.
541, 1758.)
Chrysia MiTXi:fcKE, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 3, vol. 2, p. 61, 1854. (Genotype:
Pancalia grandis Desvignes, Entomologist, vol. 1, p. 342, 1842.)

Head smooth, side tufts slightly raised; tongue developed; an-
tenna ciliated; basal segment without pecten. Labial palpus long,
recurved, smooth or slightly roughened ; terminal segment shorter or
as long as second segment.

Fore wing elongate, apex pointed ; 12 veins ; 2 from well before angle ;
3 and 4 approximate; 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa, 11 from before
middle.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing, costa gently arched, 8 veins ;
3 and 4 connate, 5 nearer to 4 than to 6 ; 6 and 7 subparallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample. Anellus with lateral extensions.
Gnathos a broad, unspined band. Socii absent. Uncus well
developed.

Femah genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized ; ductus bursae
wholly membranous or slightly sclerotized for part of its length;
signum present or absent.^"

Remarks. — Busck ^^ recognized five species in this genus (but placed
them under the name EpicalUma) . Of these I have synonymized one,
dimidiella.) with quadrimaculella and have placed coloradella in the
Ethmiidae. The genus Ethmia., as it now stands, is not a homogeneous
assemblage of species and will accommodate coloradella. The proper
generic placement of this species must await a revision of the Ethmi-
idae, and for that reason no further treatment of coloradella is given
in this paper. In 1912 ^^ Busck added lucidella; Meyrick described
antidectis in 1914 ^^ and rostrigera in 1918.^* The first, lucidella.^
belongs in SchiffermulleHa., antidectis is referable to TricloneUa in
the family Cosmopterygidae, and rostrigera is a synonym of coloradella
(new synonymy). In 1923^^ Braun added amplicincta which is a
synonym of editheUa. I have retained the generic name Eficallima
for argenticinctella (Clemens) and have associated the European
formoseUa (Schifferm tiller) with it. The latter has become estab-
lished in the United States in recent years. This leaves three North
American species referable to the genus Schi-ffermulleria.

^ There is only a single female each of editheUa and lucidella available for study. The
bursa copulatrix of editheUa is missing, and that of lucidella, although partly obscured,
appears to lack a signum.

81 Busck, A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908 (argenticinctella, editheUa,
coloradella, dimidiella, and qiiadrimaculeUa.)

62 Busck, A., Ent. News, vol. 3, p. 170, 1912.

" Me.vrick, E., Exotic Microlepidoptora, vol. 1, p. 218, 1914.

^ Ibid., vol. 2, p. 237, 1918.

t^^ Braun, A. P., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 49, p. 117, 1923.

248 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SCHIFFERMULLERIA BASED ON
COLORATION

1. Ground color of fore wing dark brown to black with conspicuous

white or whitish markings; no metallic scaHng.

quadrimaculella (Chambers) (p. 248)
Ground color and markings otherwise 2

2. Median longitudinal streak of fore wing reaching apex; deep

golden-yellow lucidella (Busck) (p. 251)

Median longitudinal streak of fore wing ending well before apex;
light golden-yellow edithella (Busck) (p. 250)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SCHIFFERMULLERIA BASED ON
MALE GENITALIA

1. Lateral processes of anellus extending well beyond base of harpe 2

Lateral processes of anellus short, not extending beyond base of

harpe (fig. 122) quadrimaculella (Chambers) (p. 248)

2. Costa of harpe slightly convex (fig. 121) lucidella (Busck) (p. 251)

Costa of harpe deeply concave (fig. 120) edithella (Busck) (p. 250)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SCHIFFERMULLERIA BASED ON
FEMALE GENITALIA

1. Anterior edge of genital plate straight or slightly concave; ostium

deeply V-shaped (fig. 213) quadrimaculella (Chambers) (p. 248)

Anterior edge of genital plate not straight or concave; ostium not

deeply V-shaped 2

2. Anterior edge of genital plate strongly convex (fig. 214)

edithella (Busck) (p. 250)
Anterior edge of genital plate broadly forked (fig. 215)

lucidella (Busck) (p. 251)

SCHIFFERMULLERIA QUADRIMACULELLA (Chambers)

Plate 20, Figukes 122, 122a ; Plate 39, Figuee 213

Oecophora quadrimaculella Chambees, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 292,
1877 ; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 3, p. 129, 1877 ; p. 159, 1878.— Riley,
in Smith, List of Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5556, 1891. — Busck, in
Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. BuU. 52, No. 5927, 1903.

Borkhausenia quadrimaculella (Chambers) Keakfott, in Smith, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6473, 1903.

EpicaUima qnadrimaculelJa (Chambers) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 202, 1908. — Baknes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. G495, 1917. — Braun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
vol. 73, p. 12, 1921.

ScJiiffermneUeria quadrimaculella (Chambers) Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera
insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 27, 1922.

Schiftermillleria quadrimaculella McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidop-
tera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidop-
tera), No. 8365, 1939.

Oecophora dimidiella Walsingham, Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 148, 1888. — Riley, in Smith,
List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5554, 1891. — Busck, in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 5925, 1903.— Anderson, Catalogue of British
Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1098, 1904. (New synonymy.)

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 249

Borkhmiscnia ditnifUeUa (Walfangham) Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6471, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 27, p. 707, 1904.

Epicallima dhnidiella (Walsingham) Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 202,
1008. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, No. 6493, 1917.— Treherne, Sci. Agr., vol. 1, p. 116-118, 1921.—
Beaun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 73, p. 12, 1921. — EssiG, Insects
of Western North America, p. 719, 1926.

Schiffermuelleria dimidieUa (Walsingham) Meyeick, in Wytsman, Genera in-
sectorum, fasc. 180, p. 27, 1922.

Schiffcrmiilleria dimidieUa (Walsingham) Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 68, p. 247, 1923.— Br-vun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 51, p. 197,
1925. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United
States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8364, 1939.

Palpus black ; second segment with a white longitudinal streak in-
wardly; apex of third segment white. Head and basal segment of
antenna white to yellowish; antenna black with white spot above
on each segment. Thorax, fore wing and cilia, and abdomen dark
brown to black. Fore wing with four white or yellowish spots, two
on costa and two on inner margin. Hind wing fuscous; cilia con-
colorous. Legs dark brown to black with whitish to yellowish in-
wardly ; tarsi annulated with white or yellowish,

Male genitalia. — Costa straight; cucullus pointed; sacculus broad,
lightly sclerotized. Anellus with short, slender, lateral processes.
Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus slender, weak. Gnathos truncated.
Uncus bluntly pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate rectangular, moderately sclero-
tized; ostium V-shaped. Bursa copulatrix oval, signum a single,
strongly sclerotized curved thorn.

Alar expanse, 11-20 mm.

Types. — In Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.
(?) {quadrimaculella) ; in British Museum {dimidieUa).

Type localities. — Clear Creek, Colo. {quadrimMcidella) ; Sonoma
County, Calif. {dimidieUa).

Distribution. — North-central and Western United States and
Canada.

United States records

Arizona: Redington, 2 $ $, $ (no date or collector) ; Santa Catalina Moun-
tains, 9 (no date or collector).

California: Camp Baldy, San Bernardino Mountains, 2 (July 16-23) ; Monache
Meadows, Tulare County, 8,000 feet, 5 (July 8-14) ; Sonoma County, $
(19-V-1871, Walsingham) ; Tuolumne Meadows, Tuolumne County, 2 (July
16-23).

Colorado: Custer County, 2 (Wm. Beutenmiiller) ; Florissant, $ (July 8, 1907,
S. A. Rohwer) ; Peaceful Valley, 2 (July 5, W. P. and T. D. A. Cockerell) ;
Silverton, 2 2 2 (July 24-31); $, labeled only "Colorado," Wm.
Beutenmiiller).

250 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Minnesota: Duluth, $ (no date or collector).

Montana: $ (J. Brunner) ; Two Medicine Lake (15-VII-20) ; Going- to the-

Sun (1S-21-VII-20 {teste Braun),
Oregon: Ashland, $ (7-XI-1917, A. J. Wagner; [rf. Pinus pondcrosa\).
Utah: Bear Lake (29-VI-1924) {teste Braun).
"Washington: Metaline Falls, $ , $ (12-VI-31, W. D. Bedard [from pine slabs]) ;

Pullman, 4: $ $ (14^V-1930, F. G. Hinman), 2 $ $ (ll-V-1930, 19-VI-1930,

J. F. G. Clarke), 9 (l^VI-1930, T. M. Clarke); Tieton, $ (12-V-1931,

Fred P. Dean).

Canadian records

Alberta: Bilby, 27 5 .^ , 8 $ $ (June 18 to July 4, 1924, Owen Bryant).
British Columbia: Kaslo, $ (SO-IV-1905, J. W. Cockle) ; Victoria, Z $ $ , 9
(June dates, W. R Carter) ; Wellington, $ (June 22, 1904, G. W. Taylor).

Reinarks. — I have two specimens before me that were determined
by Walsingham as his dimidieUa. These do not differ in any detail
from quadriniaculella. I therefore believe the synonjony is correct.

The life history of this species is imperfectly known, but the larva
appears to feed on the refuse that collects in the cracks of bark.

SCHIFFERMULLERIA EDITHELLA (Busck)

Plate 20, Fiqukes 120, 120a ; Piate 39, Figure 214

Epicallima edithella Busck, Journ. New York Ent. Soc, vol. 15, p. 138, 1907;
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908.— Barnes and McDunnough,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6491, 1917.

Schiffermuelleria edithella (Busck) Meyeick, m Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fasc. 180, p. 26, 1922.

Schiffermulleria edithella (Busck) Foebes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir
68, p. 247, 1923.— Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 61, p. 46, 1935.— McDun-
nough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), No. 8362, 1939.

Epicallima amplicincta Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 49, p. 117, 1923. (New
synonymy.)

Palpus yellowish white, with fuscous scaling outwardly on third
segment and tip of second. Face whitish. Head, antenna, thorax,
and abdomen dark brown to black. Tip of antenna silvery white.
Fore and hind wings dark brown, the fore wing with median longi-
tudinal light golden streak ending well before apex ; base and a trans-
verse band at basal third golden, margined with brown ; between the
base and the band a metallic, blue-tinged fascia; on costal edge of
longitudinal golden streak two bluish metallic dashes separated by
a costal lobe of the golden color. Cilia of fore and hind wings dark
brown. Fore and middle legs yellowish ; fore pair fuscous outwardly ;
middle tibia fuscous outwardly on distal half; hind legs grayish
exteriorly, yellowish inwardly.

Male genitalia. — Costa of harpe deeply concave ; cucullus truncate ;
sacculus broad but not strongly sclerotized ; costa and sacculus clothed
with strong hairs. Lateral extensions of anellus long, curved, pointed.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 251

Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus slender, slightly dilated basally.
Uncus pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, strongly sclerotized; an-
terior edge convex. Ostium margined posteriorly with broad, finely
scobinate prominences. [Ductus bursa and bursa copulatrix missing
in only specimen available for study.]

Alar expanse, 9-11 mm.

Types. — In United States National Museum {edithella) ; in collec-
tion of Dr. A. F. Braun, Cincinnati, Ohio {amplicincta) .

Type localities. — Center Harbor, N. H. {edithella) ; Cincinnati,
Ohio {amplicincta) .

Food plant. — Unknown (probably lichens).

Distrihution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

Kentucky: Powell River, 5 (June 26, A. F. Braun).
New Hampshire: Center Harbor, $ (July 22, 1902, H. G. Dyar),
Ohio: Cincinnati, 2 $ $ (June 5, June 13, 191S, A. F. Braun).
Pennsylvania: Delaware Water Gap, 9 (no date or collector).
Virginia: Great Falls, $ (June 13, 1919, A. Busck).

Remarks. — Through the courtesy of Dr. Braun I was able to obtain
a paratype of her species. There is no doubt about the synonymy.
Although the species is rare in collections it is probably common.

SCHIFFERMiJLLERIA LUCIDELLA (Busck)

Plate 20, Figures 121, 121a ; Plate 39, Figuke 215

Epicallima hwidella Busck, Ent. News, vol. 23, p. 170, 1912. — Baknes and Mo
DUNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6495, 1917. —
Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 49, p. 118, 1923.

Schiffermuelleria lucidella (Busck) RIeteick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum,
fasc. 180, p. 26, 1922.

SchiffermuUeria lucidella (Busck) Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir
68, p. 247, 1923. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and
the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8359, 1939,

Much like the foregoing species, but with the median longitudinal
streak much darker and wider and extending to apex of wing.

Male genitalia. — Costa of harpe slightly convex, with a sharp, tooth-
like projection near apex; cucuUus bluntly pointed; sacculus broad,
lightly sclerotized. Lateral extensions of anellus very long, slender,
sharply pointed. Vinculum rounded. Aedeagus slender, dilated
basally.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate strongly sclerotized, broad, con-
cave posteriorly and broadly forked anteriorly. Ostium small, round.

Alar expanse, 10-12 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

252 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Type locality. — Oak Station, Allegheny County, Pa.
Food 'plant. — Unknown (probably lichens) .
Distribution. — Known from the type locality only.

United States records

Pennsylvania: Oak StatiOD, Allegheny County, 28 5 5 , 4 $ $ (June 4 to 23, 1911,
1912, Fred Marloff).

19. Genus CHAMBERSIA Riley

Plate 1, Figtjre 4 ; Plate 6, Figuke 46 ; Plate; 12, Figures 79, 79a ; Plate 19,

FlGtTRB 115

Chanibersia Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 115,
1891.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 526, 1903.— Keiakfott, in
Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 115, 1803. — Barnes and
MoDuNNouGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 162,
1917. — Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North America, vol 4, p. 235, 1920. —
Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 49, 1938 (as synonym
of Borkhausenia). (Genotype: Blepharocera haydenella Chambers, U. S.
Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 3, p. 145, 1877.)

Blepharoccrcu Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Tefr. Bull. 3, p. 144, 1877
(preoccupied). (Genotype: Blrpharocera haydenella Chambers, U. S. Geol.
Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 3, p. 145, 1877.)

Labial palpus long, slender ; second segment roughened in front with
appressed scales; third segment shorter than second, acute. Tongue
developed. Antenna long, ciliated in male, serrate in female; basal
segment with pecten. Thorax smooth.

Fore wing rather narrow, broadest at apical third ; costa straight,
apex bluntly pointed, termen oblique; 12 veins; 2 remote from 3; 3,
4, and 5 equidistant ; 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa ; 10 remote from 9 ; 11
from well before middle of cell ; internal cell absent.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing; costa gently arched; apex
pointed ; 8 veins ; 2 remote from 3 ; 3 and 4 connate ; 5 strongly curved ;
6 and 7 strongly divergent apically.

Male genitalia. — Clasper absent, Anellus with lateral processes.
Vesica unarmed. Gnathos and micus well developed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate partly membranous. Ductus
bursae membranous. Ductus seminalis from about middle of ductus
bursae. Signum present.

Remarks. — I am resurrecting Chambersia for haydeneUa^ which I
am removing from Borkhausenia. This genus differs from Bork-
hausenia in having vein 2 of the fore wing remote from 3 ; 10 remote
from 9 and the internal cell absent. The hind wing is narrower than
the fore wing and veins 3 and 4 are connate. The male genitalia lack
a clasper and the signum is present in the female.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 253

CHAMBERSIA HAYDENELLA (Chambers)

Plate 1, Figuke 3

Blepharocera haydenella Chambers, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 3, p.
144, 1S77; Bull. 4, p. 132, 1878.— Fletcheb, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent.
Ser.), vol. 11, p. 33, 1929.

Chambersia Jianjdenella (Chambers) Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 5547, 1891. — Busck, m Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52,
No. 5931, 1903. — Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6477, 1903. — Babnes and McDunnough, Check list of
the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6503, 1917. — FLEn:cHER, Mem. Dept.
Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 44, 1929.

Borlhausenia haydenella (Chambers) Barnes and Busck, Contr. Lepid. North
America, vol. 4, p. 235, 1920. — Braun, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
vol. 73, p. 12, 1921. — Meyrick, in Wytsmau, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p.
40, 1922.— McDunnough, Can. Ent., vol. 59, p. 271, 1927.— Gaede, in Bryk,
Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt. 88, p. 59, 1938. — McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2,
Microlepidoptera), No. 8370, 1939.

Labial palpus ochreous-white ; second segment suffused with light
fuscous outwardly and mottled inwardly ; third segment suffused with
fuscous outwardly. Antenna light fuscous; basal segment ochreous-
white above. Head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing grayish-
fuscous, strongly irrorated with white; a spot at base of costa, a
large spot at the center of the wing and another at the end of the
cell, fuscous; at apex a large fuscous spot connected with a similar,
but smaller spot at tornus, by a narrow fuscous band around termen
(all the dark markings are more or less indistinct and fused with
the ground color) ; cilia grayish fuscous. Hind wing fuscous ; cilia
grayish fuscous. Legs ochreous-white strongly suffused with light
grayish fuscous. Abdomen shining grayish fuscous ; silvery beneath.

Male genitalia. — Harpe short, broad ; costa strongly convex; cucullus
rounded; sacculus moderately broad, lightly sclerotized. Anellus a
small sclerotized plate with strong, curved, pointed, lateral processes ;
the lateral processes are very broad basally. Aedeagus slender,
slightly curved, weak ; vesica unarmed. Vinculum rounded. Gnathos
broad, with a short, sharp point and median posterior protuberance.
Uncus pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, membranous anteriorly and
in middle. Ostium large, broadly oval. Ductus bursae short ; incep-
tion of ductus seminalis slightly posterior to middle. Bursa copula-
trix oval; sign um a small, weakly sclerotized, toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 12-17 mm.

Type. — In the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.

Type locality. — "Colorado."

Food plant. — Unknown.

Distribution. — From Colorado northward to Alberta and westward
to Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

254 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

United States records

Colorado: Silverton, 3 $$ (July 24-31).
Montana: {teste Brann) .

Canadian records

Alberta: Waterton Lakes, 2 5 i^, 9 (11-14-VII-1923, J. McDunnough).

British Columbia: Kaslo, $ (7-VI-1908, J. W. Cockle) ; Mount McLean, Lillooet,

alt. 4,000-5,000 feet, $, 9 (26-VTII-1923, J. McDunnough) ; Salmon Arm, $

(2-VI-1922, W. R. Buckell) ; Seton Lake, Lillooet, $ (9-VI-1926, J.

McDunnough).

Remarhs. — ^Various authors have placed this species in one or another

genus, but, as pointed out in the generic discussion, it is unique and

cannot be confused with ony other described from North America.

It probably will be found in other western States and Provinces.

20. Genus EPICALLIMA Dyar

Plate 2, Fiouke 14; Plate 6, Figuee 47; Plate 12, Figuke 81, 81a; Plate 16,

FiQXJEE 99

Epicallima Dyae, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 525, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith,
List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 115, 1903.— Meyeick, Journ.
Bombay Nat. Hist. Sec, vol. 17, p. 408-409, 1906.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 35, p. 201, 1908. — Kearfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects
of New Jersey, p. 562, 1910. — Busck, Ent. News, vol. 23, p. 170, 1912 ; Proc.
Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 14, p. 44, 1912; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 47,
p. 33, 1914. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, p. 161, 1917. (Genotype : Callima argenticinctella Clemens.)

Callima Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 12, pp. 166-167, 1860;
in Stainton, Tineina of North America, p. 122-123, 1872. (Genotype:
Callima argenticinctella Clemens.)

Head smooth, side tufts somewhat raised, tongue developed;
antenna finely ciliated in male, simple in female ; basal segment with-
out pecten. Labial palpus long, slender, greatly exceeding vertex;
second segment much longer than third, slightly roughened.

Fore wing elongate, apex pointed, termen oblique, 12 veins; 2, 3,
and 4 approximate at base, from angle of cell ; 7 and 8 stalked, both
to costa ; 11 from before middle of cell.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing; costa excavated; 8 veins;
3 and 4 connate or short stalked ; 5 about equidistant from 4 and 6.

Male genitalia. — ^Harpe long and slender, with pointed extension of
sacculus arising near cucullus. Anellus with lateral projections,
fused or separate. Vesica armed. Gnathos and uncus well developed.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae partly sclerotized and armed on
the inner surface with toothlike spines. Signum present.

Remarhs. — Dyar^^ proposed the name EpicaUima to replace Cal-
lima Clemens (1860) which he considered preoccupied by Kallima

« Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 525, 1903.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 255

Westwood (1849). This has been generally accepted since the initial
letter of each is identical. If the two names {Callima and Kallima)
are ever considered separate terms then Callima will supersede Epi-
calliina.

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EPICALLIMA BASED ON COLORATION

Base of fore wing brown argenticinctella (Clemens) (p. 225)

Base of fore wing not brown formosella (Schiffermuller) (p. 257)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EPICALLIMA BASED ON MALE
GENITALIA

Lateral projections of anellus divergent, not reaching gnathos (fig.

81) argenticinctella (Clemens) (p. 255)

Lateral projections of anellus fused and reaching gnathos (fig. 124)

formosella (Schiffermiiller) (p. 257)

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EPICALLIMA BASED ON FEMALE
GENITALIA

Signum a small toothed plate (fig. 99) argenticinctella (Clemens) (p. 255)

Signa two large toothed plates (fig. 216).- formosella (SchiflFermiiller) (p. 257)

EPICALLIMA ARGENTICINCTELLA (Clemens)

Callima argenticinctella Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 12,
p. 167, 1860; in Stainton, The Tineina of North America, p. 123, 1872.—
Chambeks, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 134, 1878.— Busck,
Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 5, p. 201, 1903.

Oecophora argenticinctella (Clemens) Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sci.,
vol. 2, p. 114, 1875; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 158, 1878.—
Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5549, 1891.

Epicallima argenticinctella (Clemens) Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull.
52, No. 5920, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6467, 1903.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35,
p. 201, 1908. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 6490, 1917.— Rhoads, New York State Coll. For. Techn.
Publ. 17, p. 204, 1924.

EpicalUna argenticinctella (Clemens) Bij^ckman and Stage, New York State
Coll. For. Techn. Publ. 10, p. 108, 1918.

Schiffermiilleria argenticinctella (Clemens) Meyrick, in Wytsmau, Genera
inseetorum, fasc. 180, p. 26, 1922. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat.
Memoir 68, p. 247, 1923 ; in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir
101, p. 546, 1928. — Procter, Biological survey of the Mount Desert region:
Part 6, The insect fauna, p. 273, 1938.— McDunnough, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Micro-
lepidoptera). No. 8361, 1939.

Labial palpus with second segment blackish fuscous ; terminal seg-
ment and antenna black and white. Head pale to golden-yellow.
Thorax yellowish brown. Fore wing pale to golden-yellow and
brown; base of inner margin with narrow silver bar; from inner

256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

margin an inwardly oblique, narrow, antemedian silvery line, which
does not reach costa; from costa a postmedian outwardly oblique
silvery bar reaching about one-half distance across wing ; opposite it
from inner margin a semicircular silver bar, the outer half of which is
composed of lead colored scales; all the above silvery bars narrowly
edged with black; cilia golden-yellow except a few before tornus
which are fuscous. Hind wing and cilia fuscous. Fore and middle
pair of legs chiefly black and white; hind pair lighter. Abdomen
fuscous.

Male genitalia. — Harpe elongate, slender ; cucullus bluntly pointed ;
sacculus broad with a terminal curved projection extending beyond
cucullus. Anellus a more or less rectangular sclerotized plate with
widely separated lateral processes ; the processes about twice the length
of the central plate. Aedeagus stout, slightly narrower at the mid-
dle than at the extremities ; distal end terminating in a sharp, thorn-
like point; vesica armed with one long straight cornutus. Gnathos
drawn out into a blunt point medially.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, moderately sclerotized.
Ostium large, oval. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized in posterior
half and armed with 12-18 strong teeth inwardly. Signum a small,
strongly sclerotized toothed plate.

Alar expanse, 10-13 mm.

Type. — In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Type locality. — "Pennsylvania."

Food plants. — Dead wood and bark of hickory, larch, elder, elm.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

Illinois: Decatur, S S $ (June 16-23).

Iowa: Sioux City, $ ("9-18," C. N. Ainslie).

Kentucky: 9 (no data).

Maryland: Cabin John, $ (August 1902, A. Busck) ; Plummers Island, 2 $ $

(July 1903, A. Busck) ; 5 ('07, Barber and Schwarz) ; 9 (July 17, L. J.

Bottimer).
New Hampshire: Central Harbor, 9 (July 30, 1902, H. G. Dyar) ; S (no locality;

A. Busck).
New Jersey: 3 $ $ (no locality; A. Busck and Wm. Beutenmiiller) ; Essex

County, 6 $S, 2 9 2 (July, W. D. Kearfott) ; Montclair, $ (8-6-99,

W. D. Kearfott).
New York: Woodhaven, Long Island, 9 (6-VI-21, G. P. Engelhardt) ; 5 (no

locality, Wm. Beutenmiiller).
Ohio: Cincinnati, 3 S S, 9 (VII-2-5-1907, VIII-3-07, VI-16-08, A. F. Braun).
Pennsylvania: Arendtsville, S, 9 (6-VII-1921, S. W. Frost); Harrisburg, $

(30-VII-1914, W. S. Fisher) ; New Brighton, $,299 (16-VII-1907 and

28-VII-1907, H. D. Merrick) ; Oak Station, Allegheny County, 7 $ $, 9

(June and July 1906 to 1908, Fred Marloft) ; Pittsburgh, 9 (24-VI-06,

Henry Eugel).

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 257

Remarks. — This species undoubtedly will be found through much
more of eastern North America than is indicated by present records,
and its range may also extend west of the Rocky Mountains.

EPICALLIMA FORMOSELLA (Schiffermuller)
PiATE 20, FiGXJREs 124, 124a ; Plate 39, Figure 216

PliaJaenae Tineae fonnosella ScHiFFEEMfrrxER, Systematisches Verzeiclmiss der
Schmetterlinge der Wiener Gegend, p. 140, 1776.

Alucita formosella (Schiffermuller) Fabricius, Mantissa insectorum, vol. 2,
p. 255, 1787.

Tinea formosella ( Schiffermiiller ) HiJBNER, Sammluug europaischer Schmetter-
linge, fig. 248, [1793-1827].

OecopJiora formosella (Schiffermiiller) Treitschke, Die Schmetterlinge von
Europa, vol. 9, p. 170, 1833. — Frey, Die Tineen und Pterophoren der Schweiz,
p. 158, 1856. — Heinemann, Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands und der
Schweiz, p. 382, 1870.

Lamprns formosella (Schiffermiiller) Herrich-Schaffeb, Systematische Bear-
beitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 5, p. 141, 1855.

Acampsla formosella (Schiffermuller) Meyrick, A handbook of British Lepidop-
tera, p. 635, 1895.

Borkhausenia formosella (Schiffermiiller) Rebel, in Staudinger and Rebel,
Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunen-gebietes, vol. 2, p.
178, No. 3387, 1901.

SeMffermiilleria formof-ella (Schiffermiiller) Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera in-
sectorum, f asc. ISO, p. 27, 1922 ; A revised handbook of British Lepidoptera,
p. 667, 1928. — Forbes, in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir
101, p. 546, 1928.

Rhinosia flammella DtrpoNCHEiL, Histoire naturelle des lepidopt&res ou papillons
de France, Supplement, vol. 4, p. 253, pi. 72, fig. 4, 1842.

Much like argenticincfella, but with second segment of palpus ochre-
ous and head brown. Basal third of fore wing ochreous followed by a
brown median area, the latter in turn followed by a lighter color ; on
middle of inner margin a large ochreous spot bounded by a crescentic
white line inwardly and followed by a narrow extension of the median
brown shade; from middle of costa to end of cell a moderately broad
white band narrowing toward end of cell.

Male genitalia. — Cucullus broadly rounded; sacculus well defined,
moderately sclerotized ; clasper absent. Anellus strongly sclerotized ;
lateral extensions reaching gnathos, fused for much of their length,
pointed. Vinculum bluntly pointed. Aedeagus long, slender,
straight; vesica armed with a single slender cornutus. Gnathos and
uncus pointed.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate broad, somewhat rectangular, mod-
erately sclerotized. Ductus bursae long, slender, sclerotized except for
a dilated, membranous section near middle and the extreme anterior
membranous part before the bursa copulatrix. Inception of ductus

258 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

seminalis between the two sclerotized portions of the ductus bursae ;
at anterior end of posterior sclerotized portion numerous small but
strong teeth. Bursa copulatrix moderately large, oval; signa two
large, sclerotized, finely toothed plates.

Alar expanse, 10-13 mm.

Type.— Lost C^.) (/ormose//a) ; Paris Museum ( ?) {fia^nmelJa).

Type localities. — Europe (formosella, flammeUa).

Food plants. — ^Under bark of apple and red maple.

Distribution. — Eastern United States.

United States records

New Jersey: North Bergen, 3 5 5,3 5 9 (ll-X-1940, George Rau) ; Ramsey,

$ (2-VIII-35, Dr. A. B. Klots).
New York: Flatbush, Long Island, $ (20-VII, G. P. Engelhardt) ; Woodhaven,

Long Island, $ (9-VII-1930, G. P. Engelhardt).

Reinarhs. — This species has been introduced into the United States
within recent years. So far as I am able to ascertain it is to be found
only in New Jersey and New York. The habit of this and the pre-
ceding species of feeding under bark of various trees is very conducive
to the spread of the insects. For this reason we should expect it to
become rather widespread in this country.

The specimens from North Bergen, N. J., were reared from larvae
found in association with the mealybug, Pseudocoocus comstocki
(Kuw.). It was assumed that the larvae were predacious on the
mealybugs, but no conclusive evidence in support of this assumption
has been obtained.

I have compared our American specimens carefully with a long
series from Europe and there is no doubt about their specific identity.

21. Genus HOFxAIANNOPHILA Spuler

Plate 2, Fiquee 12 : Plate 6; Figure 43 ; Plate 12, Figuees 78, 78a, 7Sb ; PLu\.te
16, Figure 101

Hofmannophila Spulek, in Hofmann, Die Schmetterlinge Europas, vol. 2, p. 340,

1910.
Borkhausenia Auctonim, in part.

Head smooth, side tufts loosely appressed; tongue developed.
Antenna ciliated; basal segment with pecten. Labial palpus long,
recurved ; second segment slightly roughened in front ; third segment
as long as second, acute.

Fore wing oblong-ovate with costa slightly convex ; apex rounded ;
termen oblique; 12 veins; 2 from near angle; 2, 3, 4, and 5 approximate
at bases; 5 and 6 parallel; 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa; 11 from
well before middle of cell.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 259

Hind wing as broad as fore wing, pointed; costa slightly convex
before middle ; 8 veins ; 3 and 4 connate ; 5 curved ; 6 and 7 subparallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe with clasper. Gnathos and uncus well
developed.

Female genitalia. — Anterior apopliyses branched. Ductus bursae
partly sclerotized. Signum present.

Larva. — Ninth segment with seta I approximate to II (much closer
to II than to III) ; seta VI not on the same pinaculum with IV and
V, approximate to VII. Setal group VII essentially as in Agonop-
terix: bisetose on first and seventh, unisetose on eighth and ninth
abdominal segments. Ocelli reduced (ocellus 1 more or less com-
pletely fused with 2 and ocellus 3 with 4). Submentum without pit.

Pupa. — Pubescent. Prothoracic femora and labial palpi not
exposed. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — Hofmaimophila may be distinguished, in the larv^a, from
other oecophorid genera (except Endrosis) by the approximation of
seta I with II and VI with VII on the ninth abdominal segment;
and from Endrosis by the absence of a submental pit and the presence
of only two setae in group VII on the second abdominal segment.

Lepesme ^^ has pointed out the differences between Hofmannophila
and BorkJiausenia. Although he has used B. stipella (Linnaeus) (a
congener of minutella Linnaeus) for his comparisons with pseudo-
spretella., the differences show adequately why Hofmannophila should
be removed from BorkJiausenia (Genotype : Phalaena Tinea minutella
Linnaeus).

HOFMANNOPHILA PSEUDOSPRETELLA (Stainton)

Oecophora pseudosprctella Stainton, Catalogue of the British Tineidae and
Pterophoridae, p. 14, 1S49; Insecta Britanniea Tineina, p. 162, 1854; A
manual of British butterflies and moths, vol. 2, p. 35S, 469, 1859. — Teng-
STROM, in Forhandlingar, Pro fauna et flora Fennica, p. 346, No. 1052,
1869. — Heinemann, Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands uud der Schweiz, vol.
2, p. 377, 1870. — WocKE, in Staudlnger and Wocke, Catalog der Lepidop-
teren des europaeischeu Fauuengebiets, vol. 2, p. 307, No. 2265, 1S71.—
WoLiASTON, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol, 3, p. 436, 1879. — Sorhagen,
Die Kleinschmetterlinge der Mark Brandenburg, p. 333, 1886. — Walsingham,
Ins. Life, vol. 1, p. 149, 1888.— Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of
Boreal America, No. 5555, 1890.— DiSQUfi, Ent. Zeit. (Stettin), vol. 56,
p. 244, 1895.— Reutti, Verb. Naturw. Ver. Karlsruhe, vol. 12, p. 238, 1898.—
Seebold, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol, 11, p. 316, 1898. — Crombijugghe,
Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 42, p. 36, 1898.— DiSQufi, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr.,
Iris, vol. 14, p. 214, 1902.— Busck, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52 ,No.
5926, 1903. — Anderson, Catalogue of British Columbia Lepidoptera, No. 1099,
1904.— Blair, Entomologist, vol. 58, p. 10, 1925.

Acompsia pscudospretella (Stainton) Meyrick, A handbook of British Lepidop-
tera, p. 634, 637, 1895.— Longstaff, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 38, p. 28, 1902.

•^ Lepesme, P., BuU. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 42, p. 284, 1937.

260 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Oelechia pseudospretella (Stainton) Herbich-Schaffee, Systematische Bearbei-
tung der Schmetterlinge vou Europa, vol. 5, p. 162, 181, fig. 627, 1855.

Lamprus pseudospretella (Stainton) Rosslee, Jahrb. nassau. Ver, Naturk., vol.
34, p. 281, 1881.

Lampros pseudospretella (Stainton) Snellen, Die Vlinders van Nederland, vol.
2, p. 725, 1882.

Borkhausenia pseudospreteUa (Stainton) Rebel, in Staudinger and Rebel, Cata-
log der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunengebietes, vol. 2, No. 3358,
1901.— Malloch, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 37, p. 186, 1901.— Keakfott, in Smith,
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6472, 1903.— Busck,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 766, 1904.— Dyab, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
27, p. 934, 1904.— Cbombbugghe, Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 14, p. 54, 1906.—
SicH, Entomologist, vol. 40, p. 42, 261, 1907.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 204, 1908.— SiCH, Ent. Rec. vol. 20, p. 92, 1908.— Mijlleb-Rutz, Mitt.
Schvpeiz, Ent. Ges., vol. 11, p. 348, 1909.— Piquenabd, Bull. Soc. Sci. Med.
Quest., vol. 19, p. 79, 1910.— Kexilikowski, Rev. Russe Ent., vol. 9, p. 321,
1910. — Gbiebel, Die Lepidopteren Fauna der bayerischen Rheinpfalz, vol. 2,
p. 54, 1910.— SiCH, Entomologist, vol. 43, p. 150, 1910.— Skala, Int. Ent.
Zeitschr., vol. 5, p. 303, 1912 ; Verb. Nat. Ver. Brunn, vol. 51, p. 317, 1913.—
Hamfelt, Arkiv fiir Z06I., vol. 10, No. 25, p. 9, 1917. — Martini, Deutsche
Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 14, p. 214, 1917. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6504, 1917. — Mitteebebgek,
Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 28, p. 67, 1918. — Havfkshaw, Entomologist, vol.
52, p. 82, 1919.— Steand, Arcbiv fiir Naturg., vol. 85 A, pt. 4, p. 9, 1920.—
Cabadja, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 34, p. 140, 1920. — Meyeiok, in
Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 41, 1922. — Haxtdeb, Jahresb.
Oberosterr. Musealver., vol. 80, p. 285, 1924. — Cabadja, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr.,
Iris, vol. 40, p. 43, 1926. — EssiG, Insects of vrestern North America, p. 719,
1926. — Waters, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 64, p. 177, 1928. — Metbick, A revised
handbook of British Lepidoptera, p. 669, 1928. — Haywabd, Entomologist, vol.
62, p. 50, 1929.— Ford, Entomologist, vol. 62, p. 261, 1929.— Daltey, Entomolo-
gist, vol. 63, p. 115, 1930. — ScHtJTZE, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 44, p.
31, 1930.— Nicholson, Ent. Rec, vol. 43, p. 88, 1931.— Ford, Entomologist, vol.
04, p. 259, 1931.— Chrystal, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 68, p. 9, pi. 2, figs. 1-5,
1932.— Adkin, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 68, p. 40, 1932.— Fryer, Ent. Monthly
Mag., vol. 68, p. 137, 1932. — Austen and Hughes, Brit. Mus. Econ. Ser. No. 14,
p. 34, figs. 19, 20, 1932. — Eckstein, Die Kleinschmetterlinge Deutschlands, p.
124, pi. 10, figs. 1, 2, 1933.— MoRLEY and RArr-SMiTH, Trans. Ent. Soc. London,
vol. 81, p. 178, 1933. — Pierce and Metcalfe, The genitalia of the tineid fam-
ilies of the Lepidoptera of the British Islands, p. 30, pi. 16, 1935.— Rapp, Die
Natur der mitteldeutschen Landschaft Thiiringen; Beitrjige zur Fauna
Thiiringens, vol. 2, p. 142, 1936. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera
of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) ,
No. 8376, 1939.

Bnrkhaitsenia pseudosprella Austen, Ent. Rec, vol. 45, p. 16, 1933.

Hoftnannophila psevdospr'Ctella Sputter, in Ilofmann, Die Schmetterlinge Europas,
ed. 3, vol. 2, p. 340, fig. Ill ; pi. 89, fig. 42, 1910.— Vobbeodt imd Mullee-Rutz,
Schmetterlinge der Schvpeiz, vol. 2, p. 464, 1914. — Linck and Webeb, Schweiz.
Ent. Anz., vol. 1, p. 59, 1922. — Petersen, Lepidopteren Fauna von Estland
(Esti), p. 510, 1924.— Gronlein, Norsk. Ent. Tidsskr., vol. 2, p. 46, 1924.—
HELLfiN, Notulae Ent., vol. 6, p. 31, 1926.— Laesen, Ent. Meddel., ser. 2, vol. 11
(whole ser. 17), p. 79, 1927. — Fletcheb, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser,),

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 261

vol. 11, p. 110, 1929.— VoBTKODT, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 45, p. 128,
1931. — Heking, in Brohmer, Ehrmauii, unci Ulmer, Die Tierwelt Mitteleuroi)a9
(Ergjinzbd. 1), p. 151, 1932.— Lepesme, Bull. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 42, p. 283,
fig. 1, pi. 1, figs. 1-4, 1937.

Labial palpus, head, thorax, and ground color of fore wing pale
ochreous. Second segment of labial palpus dark fuscous exteriorly
on basal half; third segment strongly overlaid with fuscous except
posterior edge at middle. Antenna fuscous narrowly and faintly
annulated with ochreous. Collar iridescent blackish fuscous; re-
mainder of thorax, tegula, and fore wing irrorated and suffused
with fuscous ; in fold, from base, along vein Ic of fore wing, a series
of two or three short, longitudinal, blackish-fuscous dashes; in cell,
at basal third, an elongate blackish-fuscous discal spot ; at the end of
cell another conspicuous, large, similarly colored spot; extreme base
of costa blackish fuscous ; from apical third of costa, around termen
to inner margin, a series of short, blackish-fuscous dashes ; cilia pale
ochreous-fuscous. Hind wing shining light yellowish fuscous; cilia
yellowish fuscous. Legs pale ochreous strongly overlaid with blackish
fuscous except on hind tibia. Abdomen pale ochreous, suffused with
fuscous. Legs and underside of abdomen iridescent.

Male genitalia. — Harpe ample, strongly sclerotized except for an
area between sacculus and costa ; near base, at each end of the articula-
tion with the transtilla, a profusely hairy, fleshy swelling; cucullus
pointed ; sacculus narrow ; clasper very stout, extending past middle
of harpe ; distal end deeply excavated. Anellus an elongate plate with
broadly V-shaped posterior edge and with long, papillate laterobasal
lobes. Aedeagus stout, terminating in a short point; basal portion
bandlike, coiled; vesica armed with a single, long, curved cornutus.
Vinculum broadly rounded. Transtilla a narrow sclerotized band.
Gnathos beaked, pointed; posterior surface excavated, scobinate.
Uncus long, stout, pointed.

Female genitalia. — Ovipostor short; anterior apophyses branched.
Genital plate sclerotized posteriorly, membranous anteriorly. Ostium
rather broad oval, preceded by a short, sclerotized portion of the
ductus bursae. Ductus bursae convoluted; sclerotized in posterior
two-thirds except for a short membranous portion anterior to the
sclerotized ring at ostium; sclerotized portion of ductus bursae armed
with small teeth on inner surface; inception of ductus seminalis at
posterior edge of the long sclerotized part of ductus bursae. Bursa
copulatrix small, round with a moderately small, oval, sclerotized,
toothed signum.

Alar expanse, 15-26 mm.

Type. — In the British Museum ( ?).

Type locality. — ?

262 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Hosts. — Furs, skins, museum specimens, including moths; seeds of
many kinds, dried plants, live and dead lepidopterous pupae, figs,
dates, stored cereals, upholstering, carpets, book bindings, corks of
wine bottles, etc.

Remarks. — The above list of hosts will give some idea of the wide
variety of substances attacked by this species.

Distribution. — Universal. In North America it is found in the
Pacific Coast states, Nevada, southern British Columbia eastward to
Manitoba and Pennsylvania.

United States records

California: Alfuneda County, 2 S S, 2 9 2 (20-11-1908, 19-22-IX-1908, G. R.
Pilate) ; Berkeley, 2 $ $ (May, June) ; Cfirmel, $ (June, A. H. Vacliell) ;
Eureka, 5 5 .? , 3 2 9 (5-6-VI, H. S. Barber) ; Los Angeles, 2 2 2 (no date,
Coquillett) ; Mills College, S (7-VI-190S, G. R. Pilate) ; Mount Hermon,
Santa Cruz County, $ (5-IX-1931, H. H. Keifer) ; Plumas County, 9
("July 24-31") ; Santa Clara, 2 (no date or collector).

Nevada: Glenbrook, 2 9 9 (August 25, 1915, H. G. Dyar).

Oregon: Albany, 9 (12-VII-1940, S. M. Dohanian [rf. filbert nut]) ; Portland
5, 2 99 (13-VII-1918, E. J. Neweomber [Quaintance No. 14101)]; $
(4-VII-1931, J. F. G. Clarke); Shedd, S, 9 (June 1939, J. E. Davis);
Tualatin, 9 (15-Vir-1919, L. R. Rockwood).

Pennsylvania: Norristown, 2 9 9 (17-V-1939, G. K. Schumaker [rf. TJmja
plicata seed] ) .

Washington: Bellingham, 3 $ $, 2 9 9 (May to September dates, 1922-1931,
J. F. G. Clarke) ; Blaine, $ (12-VI-1934, no collector) ; Chehalis, 9 (no
date, T. Kincaid) ; Friday Harbor, S $ $ ( 12-14r-VII-1924, T. Kincaid) ;
Pullman, 9 (15-VI-1930, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Seattle (2 $ $ , 19-VIII-1930,
J. F. G. Clarke ; 9 , September, 1898, C. V. Piper) ; Seaview, 4 $$,299
(23-V-1918; 16-VII-1918, H. K. Plank [Quaintance Nos. 15541, 15582]);
Snoqualmie Pass, Kittitas County, 9 (12-VIII-1930, J. F. G. Clarke).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Duncan, 9 (June 1908, Hanham) ; Coldstream, 9 (6-IX-
1920, E. H. Blackmore) ; Kaslo, $ (8-VIir-1903, H. G. Dyar) ; Maillard-
viUe, $ (9-VI-1920, no collector) ; Malakatla (August 22, 1904, Rev. G. H.
Keene) ; Maple Bay (13-VII-1933, J. McDunnough) ; Sandon, 9 (13-VIII-
1903, Currie) ; Sooke, $ (10-III-1922, no collector) ; Vancouver (12-IV-
1903; 27-VII-1905, no collector) ; Victoria, S $ $ (30-V-1921, 5-VII-1921) ;
9 (l-IX-1921, W. R. Carter) ; $ (6-VII-1920) ; 2 9 9 (14-VIII-1920, E. H.
Blackmore) ; 2 2 2 (l-IX-1903, 5-IX-1903, H. G. Dyar) ; Wellington, (2
$ $, 9, 15-VII-1902, G. W. Taylor; 2 2 2, June 1900, no collector).

Manitoba: Aweme, 3 2 2 (31-V-1904, 16-V-1905, N. Criddle).

22. Genus ENDROSIS Hubner

PiATE 1, FiGiTBE 5 ; Plate 7, Figuke 51 ; Plate 8, Figures 60, 60a ; Plate 19,

FiGtTiE 116

EncLrosis Hubner, Verzeichniss bekannter Scbmetterlinge, p. 401, 1825. —
Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860 p. 165; in Stainton,
Tineina of North America, p. 119, 1872. — Chambers, Cincinnati Quart.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 263

Jouru. Sci., vol. 2, p. 244, 1S75; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull.
4, p. 140, 1878. — Riley, fn Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America,
p. 107, 1891.— Dyar, Journ. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 3, p. 19, 1895.— Diktz,
i?i Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 477, 1900. — Busck, in
Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 543, 1903.— ICearfott, in Smith, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 118, 1903. — Busck, Troc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 767, 1904. — Andebson, Catalogue of British Columbia
Lepidoptera, p. 55, 1904. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 203,
1908.— Forbes, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 3, p. 132, pi. 20, fig. 143, 1910.—
Keabfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey, p. 562, 1910. —
Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heterocera, \o\. 4, p. 126,
1912. — Barnes and McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America, p. 162, 1917. — Meykick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 33, 1922.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 2.50, 1923.—
Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr. India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 77, 1929. — Pierce
and Metcai>fe, The genitalia of the tiueid families of the Lepidoptera of the
British Islands, p. 29, 1935. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum catalogus, pt.
88, p. 43, 1938.— McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and
the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), p. 77, 1939. (Geno-
type: Phalaenae Tineae lactclla Schiffermiilier, Systematisches Verzeichniss
der Schmetterlinge der Wiener Gegeud, p. 139, 1776.)

Head smooth. Tongue developed. Basal segment of antenna with
pecten. Labial palpus long, curved, smooth ; second segment slightly
thickened with appressed scales; terminal segment nearly as long as
second.

Fore wing with 2 from before angle ; 4 and 5 approximated at base ;
7 and 8 stalked, both to costa ; 11 from before middle.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing, ovate-lanceolate; 7 veins;
veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 6 and 7 subparallel.

Male genitalia. — Harpe with clasper. Anellus witli elongated,
lateral processes. Vinculum spatulate. Gnathos and uncus present,
pointed.

Female genitalia. — Ovipositor very long, always extended. An-
terior apophyses branched. Ductus bursae enlarged in posterior
half; strongly sclerotized. Signum a few minute dots.

Abdomen spined.

Larva. — Ninth segment with setae I and II approximate ; seta VI
not on same pinaculum with IV and V, approximate to VII. Setal
group VII trisetose on first, bisetose on seventh and unisetose on
eighth and ninth abdominal segments. Ocelli reduced (ocelli 1, 2, 5,
and 6 absent). Submcntum with a large sclerotized pit.

Pupa. — Smooth. Prothoracic femora exposed. Labial palpi ex-
posed and large. Cremaster absent.

Remarks. — Endrosis may be distinguished from one group of
American oecophorid genera by tlie presence of pecten on the basal
segment of the antenna, and from those genera with peclcn by the
absence of vein 5 of the hind wing. In the larval and pupal stages

264 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUAI vol. 90

it appears nearest to Hofmannophila^ from wliicli it is distinguished
chiefly by the large pit in the submentum of the larva and the
exposed labial palpi of the pupa.

ENDROSIS LACTELLA (Schiffermnller)

Phalaenae Tineae lactella Schiffeemuixke, Systematisches Verzeicbuiss der
Schmetterlinge der Wiener Gegend, p. 139, 1776.

Endrosls lactella (Schiffermuller) Donisthorpe, Eiit. Rec, vol. 29, p. 33, 1917. —
Meyeick, Natural history of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, vol. 3, p. 268,
1920 ; in Wytsman, General insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 33, 1922 ; A revised hand-
book of British Lepidoptera, p. 668, 1928.— Ford, Entomologist, vol. 62, p. 261,
1929.— Meyrick, Anal. Mus. Buenos Aires, vol. 36, p. 390, 1931.— Ford,
Entomologist, vol. 64, p. 259, 1931. — Turner, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South
Wales, vol. 57, p. 279, 1932. — Austen and Hughes, Brit. Mus. Econ.
Ser., No. 14, p. 33, fig. 18, 1932.— Fryer, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 68, p. 137,
1932.— Curtis, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 68, p. 166, 167, 1932.— Austen,
Ent. Rec, vol. 45, p. 16, 1933.— Morley and Rait-Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc.
London, vol. 81, p. 178, 1933. — Pierce and Metcalfe, The genitalia of the
tlneid families of the Lepidoptera of the British Islands, p. 29, pi. 16, 1935.

Endrosis lacteella Herrich-Schaffer, Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmet-
terlinge von Europa, vol. 5, p. 262, 1853. — Frey, Die Tineen und Pterophoren
der Schweiz, p. 168, 1856.— Staudingee, Ent. Zeit. (Stettin), vol. 18, p. 278,
1857.— Wocke, Ent. Zeit. (Stettin), vol. 23, p. 239, 1862.— Tengstrom, in
Fordhandlingar, Pro fauna et flora Fennica, p. 346, No. 1053, 1869.— Wocke,
in Staudinger and Wocke, Catalog der Lepidopteren des europaeischen Faun-
engebiets, vol. 2, p. 323, No. 2703, 1871. — Heinemann and Wooke, in Heine-
mann. Die Schmetterlinge Deutchlands und der Schweiz, vol. 2, p. 389, 1877. —
Wollaston, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. 3, p. 438, 1879. — Feey, Die Lepi-
dopteren der Schweiz, p. 379, 1880. — Sohoyen, Arch, fiir Math, og Naturv.
1880, p. 245.— RossLER, Jahrb. nassau, Ver. Naturk., vol. 34, p. 281, 1881.—
Schoyen, Tromso Mus. Aarsh., vol. 4, p. 100, 1881 ; vol. 5, p. 57, 1882. — Snei/-
len, De Vlinders van Nederland, vol. 2, p. 2, 729, 1882. — Schoyen. Nyt Mag.
Naturv., vol. 27, p. 53, 1882.— Mason, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 26, p. 199,
1890. — Riley, in Smith, List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 5758,
1891.— Sparre Schneider. Tromso Mus. Aarsh., vol. 15, p. 130, 1892 ; vol. 18,
p. 85, 1895.— Meyriok, A handbook of British Lepidoptera, p. 688, 1895.—
Bang-Haas. Dansk. Naturh. For., Vide. Medd., Copenhagen, 1896. p. 192.—
Rebel, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 45, p. 392, 1896. — Sparre Schneideb,
Tromso Mus. Aarsh., vol. 20, p. 155, 1897. — Reutti, Verb. Naturw. Ver.
Karlsruhe, vol. 12, p. 240, 1898. — Jacobsen, Insecta Novaja-Zemljensia (Ros-
sice conscr.) Petropoll, p. 45, 61, 1898. — Seebold, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr.,
Iris, vol. 11, p. 320, 1899. — Rebel, i7i Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der
Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Fauuengebietes, vol. 2, p. 163, No. 3051,
1901.— Strand, Nyt Mag. Naturv., vol. 39, p. 41, 1901.— Malloch, Ent.
Monthly Mag., vol. 37, p. 186, 1901. — Sparre Schneider, Bergens Mus. Aarbog
No. 1, p. 215, 1901.— DisQU^, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 14, p. 221,
1902. — Schutze, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 15, p. 35, 1902. — Longstaff,
Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 38, p. 28, 1902.— Caeadja, Bull. Soc. Sci. Bucharest,
vol. 11, p. 617, 1902. — PAGENSTECHEai, Die arktische Lepidopterenfaima, p. 390,
1902.— BuscK, in Dyar, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 6170, 1903.— Keaefott, in
Smith, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6712, 1903.—
Speiser, Die Schmetterlings-fauna der Provinzen Ost- und West-preussen,

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 265

p. 117, 1903.— BuscK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 767, 1901.— Dyae, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 934, 1904. — Anderson, Catalogue of British Colum-
bia Lepidoptera, p. 55, 1904. — Rebel, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. 19, p. 357,
1904.— Ckombrugghe, Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 14, p. 39, 1906.— Gatnar,
Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 16, p. 49, 1906.— Rebel, Jahresb. Wion. Ent.
Ver., vol. 16, p. 72, 1906.— Verity, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital., vol. 88, p. 50, 1906.—
HoRMUZAKi, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 57, p. 86, 1907. — Sparre Schneider,
Tromso Mus. Aarsb., vol. 28, p. 147, 1907.— Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
35, p. 203, 1908.- Krltlikowski, Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 21, p. 265,
1909. — Spulek, in Hofmaun, Die Scbmetterlinge Europa, ed. 3, vol. 2, p. 349,
fig. 118, pi. 88, fig. 66, 1910.— PiQUENARD, Bull. Soc. Sci. Med. Quest., vol. 19,
p. 97, 1910. — Kearfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey,
p. 562, 1910.— Rebel, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. 25, p. 414, 1911.— Turati, Bull.
Soc. Ent. Ital., vol. 43, p. 231, 1911.— Skala, Int. Ent. Zeitscbr., vol. 5, p. 303,
1912. — Vorbrodt und Muller-Rutz, Die Scbmetterlinge der Schweiz, vol. 2,
p. 472, 1912.— Skala, Verb. Nat. Ver. Briinn, vol. 51, p. 310, 1913.— Rebel,
Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. 27, p. 331, 1913. — Sparre Schneider, Tromso Mus.
Aarsb., vol. 35, p. 200, 1914.— Galvagni, Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 25,
p. 30, 1915.— Schawerda, Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 26, p. 44, 1916.—
Hamfelt, Arkiv fiir Zool., vol. 10, No. 25, p. 9, 1917. — Barnes and ]McDun-
nough. Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6502, 1917. —
Philpott, Trans. Proc. New Zealand Inst., vol. 49, p. 229, 1917. — Martini,
Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 30, p. 144, 1917. — Mitterberger, Jahresb.
Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 28, p. 61, 1918.— Turati, Atti Mus. Civ. Milano, vol. 58,
p. 160, 1919.— Hawkshaw, Entomologist, vol. 52, p. 82, 1919.— Caradja,
Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 34, p. 121, 1920. — Andres, Zeitscbr. Angew.
Ent., vol. 6, p. 406, 1920.— Sheldon, Entomologist, vol. 55, p. 78, 1922.— Zim-
merman, Verb, zool-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 71, p. 43, 1922. — Babca, Norsk. Ent.
Tldsskr., vol. 1, p. 229, 1923.— Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir
68, p. 250, 1923.— Gronlien, Norsk Ent. Tidsskr., vol. 2, p. 46, 1924.— Peter-
sen, Lepidopteren Fauna von Estland (Esti), p. 501, 1924. — Galvagni,
Jahresb. Wien. Ent. Ver., vol. 30, p. 105, 1924. — Preissecker, Jahresb. Wien.
Ent. Ver., vol. 30, p. 186, 1924.— Alfken, Anz. Scbadlinsk, vol. 1, p. 95,
1925.— Stephan, Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 39, p. 122, 1925.— Rebel,
Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 40, p. 146, 1926.— Labsen, Ent. Meddel.,
ser. 2, vol. 11 (whole ser. 17), p. 82, 1927.— Zerny, Eos, vol. 3, p. 479, 1927.—
Leonardi, Elenco delle specie di insetti dannosi e loro parasiti ricordati in
Italia fino all'anno 1911 (Part 2), p. 278, 1927.— Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr.
India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 77, 1929.— Rebel, Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris,
vol. 43, p. 79, 1929.— Hayward, Entomologist, vol. 62, p. 50, 1929.— Wolff,
Ent. Meddel, ser. 2, vol. 10 (whole ser. 16), p. 352, 1929.— Uffeln, Klein-
scbmetterlinge Westfalen, p. 75, 1930. — Graves, Ent. Rec, vol. 42, p. 97,
1930.— Drenowski, Mem. Bulg. Akad. Wiss., vol. 26, No. 6, p. 75, 1930.—
Amsel, Deutsche Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 44, p. 122, 1930. — Vorrkodt, Deutsche
Ent. Zeitscbr., Iris, vol. 45, p. 131, 1931. — Rebel and Zerny, Denkscbr. Akad.
Wiss. Wien, math. nat. KL, vol. 103. p. 149, 1931.— Turner, Entomologist, vol.
64, p. 191, 1931.— Nicholson, Ent. Rec., vol. 43, p. 88, 1931.— Hering, in
Brobmer, Ehrmann and Ulmer, Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas (Ergiinzbd. 1)
p. 138, 1932. — Eckstein. Die Kleinscbmetterlinge Deutschlands, p. 126, pi. 5,
fig. 204, 1933. — Rapp, Die Natur der mitteldeutscben Landschaf Thuringen;
Beitrage zur Fauna Tbiiringens, vol. 2, p. 127, 1936. — McDunnough, Check
list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America ( Part 2,
Microlepidoptera), No. 8368, 1939.

266 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Eudrosis lacteella DiSQufi, Ent. Zeit. (Stettin), vol. 56, p. 244, 1895.

Anacampsis sarcUella Stephens, Illustrations of British entomology, Haus-
tellata, vol. 4, p. 210, 1834. — Wood, Index entomologicus, p. 175, pi. 39, fig.
1207, 1854.

Endrosis sarcUella (Stephens) Meybick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc.
180, p. 33, 1922 (as synonym of lactella).

Endrosis kennicotteUa Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1S60, p.
165; in Stainton, The Tineina of North America, p. 119, 1872. — Chambers,
Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 244, 1875. — Busck, in Dyar, U S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, No. 6170, 1903.— Barnes and McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, No. 6502, 1917. — Metrick, in "Wytsman,
Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 33, 1922. — McDunnotjgh, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America (Part 2,
Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8368, 1939 (as synonym of lactella).

Endrosis JcennikoteUa Caradja, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., Iris, vol. 34, p. 121,
1920.

Tinea betulinella HtrBNER, Sammlung Europaischer Schmetterlinge, vol. 5
(Tineen), pi. 67, fig. 448, 1801.

Endrosis hetulinella HIIbner, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 401,
1825. — Metrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 33, 1922 (as
synonj'm of lactella).

Scardia hctnlinella Tkeitschke. in Ochsenheimer, Die Schmetterlinge von Eu-
ropa, vol. 9, No. 1, p. 9, 1832 ; vol. 10, No. 3, p. 151, 1835.

Lita 'betulinella Duponchel, Histoire naturelle des lepidoptercs ou papillons
de France, vol. 11, p. 298, pi. 297, fig. 8, 9, 1838.

Endrosis fenestreJla Scopoli, Entomologica Caruiolica, p. 252, 1763. — Stainton,
Insecta Britannica Tineina, p. 164, pi. 5, fig. 8, 1854 ; A manual of British
butterflies and moths, vol. 2, p. 359, 469, 1859. — Clemens, in Stainton, The
Tineina of North America, p. 119, 1872. — Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ.
Sci., vol. 2, p. 244, 1875; U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. 4, p. 140,
1878. — Metrick, In Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. ISO, p. 33, 1922. —
Blair, Entomologist, vol. 58, p. 10, 1925 (as synonj^m of lactella).

Endrosis ferrestrella Chambeks, Cirx-innati Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. 2, p. 244,
1875.

Oelechia subditella Walker, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in
the collections of the British Museum, vol. 29, p. 657, 1863.

Endrosis sichditella Metrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 33,
1922 (as synonymn of lactella).

Endrosis lacteella antarctica Staudinger, Hamburg naturhistorisches Museum,
Ergebnisse der Hamburger magalhaensischen Sammelreise, vol. 2, Arthro-
poda-Lepidoptera, p. 113, fig. 26, 1898. — Enderlein, Vet. Akad. Handl., vol.
48, No. 3, p. 92, 1912. — Metrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180,
p. 33, 1922 (as synonym of lactella).

Labial palpus, head, thorax, and extreme base of fore wing white.
Basal half of second segment of labial palpus blackish fuscous ex-
teriorly and anteriorly; third segment with narrow subbasal and
broad subterminal annuli, dull black. Antenna, anterior part of
thorax and base of tegula blackish fuscous. Ground color of fore
wing sordid white strongly suffused and mottled with fuscous; at
basal third two indistinct discal spots followed by a similar one at

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 267

end of cell, all blackish fuscous; costa, an elongate blotch on costa,
joined to outer discal spot, and apex blackish fuscous; cilia pale yel-
lowish fuscous iiTorated Avitli fuscous. Hind wing shining silvery
fuscous, darker apically; cilia pale yellowish fuscous. Legs pale
ochreous-white overlaid with blackish fuscous except at joints, and
hind tibia and tarsus. Abdomen pale ochreous narrowly edged with
silvery white on posterior margin of segments.

Male genitalia. — Harpe broad basally, gradually tapering to the
pointed cucullus; clasper stout, flattened, pointed; sacculus broad,
strongly sclerotized. Anellus an oval plate with strong, slightly
curved, flattened, pointed lateral processes. Aedeagus long, stout,
nearly straight; vesica armed with three large, toothlike cornuti and
a long one with a deep lateral excavation near its distal end. Vin-
culum long, spatulate. Gnathos long, beaked, excavated and armed
with small teeth on its posterior surface. Uncus strong, slightly
curved, sharply pointed.

Female genitalia. — Ovipositor very long, segmented; anterior pair
of apophyses branched. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized and di-
lated in posterior half; membranous anteriorly; inception of ductus
seminalis at junction of ductus bursae and bursa copulatrix. Bursa
copulatrix large, oval; signum a few, small sclerotized points.

Alar expanse, 11-20 mm.

Types. — Vienna Museum (?) {hetulinella, lactella) ; in the British
Museum (?) {fenestrella., sarcitella.^ subditella) ; in the Academy of
Natural Sciences, Philadelphia {kennicottella) ; in the Zoological
Museum, Berlin {antarctica) .

Type localities. — Vienna {lactella) ; England (sarcitella) ; North
Westfield, Illinois {kennicottella) ; Carniola, Austria {fenestreUa) ;
Africa {antnrctlca) ; New Zealand {subditella) ; Europe {hetulinella) .

Hosts. — Stored cereals, fruits and other products ; also reared from
birds' nests and refuse, dried skins, dried flesh, and wool.

DistHhutlon. — This species is generally distributed throughout
most of the world. In North America it is found from coast to coast
as far north as Alaska.

United States and Alaska records

Alaska: $ (August 1904, C. V. Piper).

California: Eureka, 5 $ ? (6-7-VI, H. S. Barber) ; Los Angeles, 3 9 $ (April,
Coquillett) ; Mills College, 2 S S, 2 5 $ (25-III-1908; 28-IX-1908, G. R.
Pilate) ; Nevada County, 3 ? 2 ("September"; no collector) ; r;i!o Alto,
$ (October 1914); Pasadena, $ (7-10-24; no collector); Placer County,
S, 4 9 9 (September; no collector); San Diego, $ (30-VI-1907, W. S.
"Wright) ; San Francisco, IQ S $ , $ (Jlarch; no collector) ; Saticoy, $ (Jan-
uary, 1926; no collector) ; Shasta Retreat, Siskiyou County, 5 $ $ , IS 9 9
(June to September dates; no collector).

268 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Nevada: Glenbrook, 2 $ $ (25-26-VIII-1915, H. G. Dyar).

New York: Two specimens apparently introduced.

Oregon: Allendale, 2 S S, 9 (7-6-1918, H. K. Plank) ; Corvallis, 3 5? (Novem-
ber and January ; no collector).

Washington: Bellingham, 2 $ $,2 9 9 (May, July, September 1922, 1923, J. F.
G. Clarke) ; Friday Harbor, 9 (June 8, 1924, T. C. Kincaid) ; Olympia, 9
(5-13-1894; no collector); Pullman, 9 (2-VI-1894, C. V. Piper); 2 $9
(30-VI-1930; 28-VII-1932, J. F. G. Clarke) ; Seaview, S, 9 (16-VII-1918;
6-IV-1919, H. K. Plank) ; Seattle, $ (19-VIII-1930, J. F. G. Clarke).

Canadian records

British Columbia: Aiusworth, 9 (13-VII-1903, H. G. Dyar) ; Comox (22-VI-
1933, J. McDunnough) ; Kaslo 5 9 9 (June and July dates, 1903, H. G.
Dyar) ; Mount Cheam (August 15, 1901, J. Fletcher) ; Vancouver (April
to September, G. R. Hopping) ; Victoria, 5,899 (May to September dates,
1917 to 1920, E. H. Blackmore) ; S,2 9 9 (May to September 1922, W. R.
Carter) ; 9 (12-VIII-1909, A. J. Croker).

Remarks. — This widely distributed household insect is the only
species referable to this genus.

In Europe and on the Pacific coast it does considerable damage, feed-
ing on stored cereals, fruits, and other products.

GENERA AND SPECIES ERRONEOUSLY REFERRED TO THE
OECOPHORIDAE

Family COSMOPTERYGIDAE
ANONCIA, new genus

PiiATE 3, Figure 20 ; Plate 7, Figtjbe 52 ; Plate 13, Figures 85, 85a ; Plate 19,
Figure 114

Genotype. — Hypatopa conia Walsingham, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 33, p. 211, 1907.

Head smooth, side tufts slightly spreading. Antenna ciliated in male,
simple in female, with pecten on basal segment. Labial palpus mod-
erately long, curved, upturned ; second segment roughened and thick-
ened with scales ; terminal segment stout, pointed, shorter than second.

Fore wing elongate, ovate, 12 veins; lb furcate, Ic absent, 2 from
near angle ; 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa, 11 from before middle.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing, 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate or
stalked, 6 and 7 parallel at base, divergent distally.

Male genitalia. — Asymmetrical; harpe roughly triangular, clasper
absent; right harpe with basal process. Anellus with long, lateral
processes. Elements of gnathos fused, naked, strongly sclerotized.
Uncus and socii absent.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae membranous or only slightly
sclerotized. Bursa copulatrix without signum.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 269

The following species belong to this genus:

episcia (Walsingham), Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, p. 211, 1907. (New com-
bination).
conia (Walsingham) , ibidem, vol. 33, p. 212, 1907. (New combination.)
fasciata ( Walsingham ) , ibidem, vol. 33, p. 213, 1907. ( New combination. )
orites (Walsingham) , ibidem, vol. 33, p. 213, 1907. (New combination.)
diveiii (Heinrich), Journ. Agr. Res., vol. 20, p. 814, 1921. (New combination.)
spMcelina (Keifer), Monthly Bull. Dept. Agr. California, vol. 24, p. 214, 1935.
(New combination.)
marinensis (Keifer), ibidem, vol. 24, p. 215, 1935. (New combination.)

Genus TRICLONELLA Busck

PiATB 1, FiGXJBE 1 ; Plate 7, Figure 57 ; Plate 13, Figures 84, 84a ; Plate 19,

FiGUEB 112

Triclonella Busck, Journ. New York Ent. Soc, vol. 8, p. 236, 1900; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 525, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, Check list of the
Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 114, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 203, 1908. — Walsingham, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lepidoptera-Heter-
ocera, vol. 4, pp. 136-137, 1912; p. 422, 1915.— Barnes and MoDunnough.
Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, pp. 161-162, 1917. — Meybick,
in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 22-23, 1922. — Forbes, Cornell
Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 249, 1923. — Fletcher, Mem. Dept. Agr.
India (Ent. Ser.), vol. 11, p. 230, 1929. — Gaede, in Bryk, Lepidopterorum cata-
logus, pt. 88, p. 21, 1938. — MoDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera), p.
77, 1939. (Genotype: Triclonella peryandeella Busck, Journ. New York
Ent. Soc, vol. 8, p. 237, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1900.)

Labial palpus long, smooth, recurved; second segment slightly
thickened with appressed scales; terminal segment shorter than
second, slender, acute. Antenna ciliated in male, simple in female,
with pecten on basal segment. Tongue developed.

Fore wing elongate ovate; 12 veins, lb furcate, Ic absent, 2 from
well before angle, 3 and 4 separate, 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa, 11
from before middle.

Hind wing narrower than fore wing, 8 veins; 3 and 4 con-
nate or stalked; 5 connate with or stalked from 4; 6 and 7 parallel
basally, diverging distally.

Male genitalia. — Harpe roughly triangular, without clasper. Gna-
thos bifid. Uncus absent.

Female genitalia. — Ductus bursae membranous or sclerotized for
at least some of its length ; signum absent.

T triclonella^ like the foregoing genus, is referable to the Cosmop-
terygidae. In the fore wing Ic, a vein always possessed by Oecopho-
ridae, is absent, and the socii and uncus of the male genitalia are
likewise missing. This is evidenced by the fact that the two elongate,
lateral processes from the tegumen, which might be confused with

270 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

the uncus, are in front of the anal opening. These lateral processes
cannot, therefore, be in any way homologized with the uncus.
Three American species are referable to this genus. They are :

pergandeella Busck, Journ. New York Ent. Soc, vol. 8, p. 237, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1900.
determinatella (Zeller), Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 23, p. 289, 1873.
antidectis (Meyrick), Exotic Microlopidoptera, vol. 1, p. 218, 1914. (New com-
bination.)

ANTEQUERA, new genus
Plate 4, Figures 27, 28 ; Plate 9, Figures 63, 63a, 63b ; Plate 18. Figure 111

Genotype. — Semioscopis acertella Busck, Journ. Ent. Zool., Clare-
mont, vol. 5, p. 100, 1913.

Head roughened with slender scales; antenna strongly ciliate in
male, simple in female ; basal segment without pecten. Labial palpus
moderately long, slightlj^ upturned; second segment roughened with
coarse scales, longer than third. Thorax smooth.

Fore wing elongate ; costa nearly straight ; 12 veins ; lb furcate ; 2-5
closely approximate at base, from or near angle of cell ; 6 approximate
to the stalk of 7 and 8 ; 7 to costa ; termen convex, oblique.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing; 8 veins; 3 and 4 connate; 5 nearer
to 4 than to 6 ; 6 and 7 parallel.

Male genitalia. — Slightl}^ asymmetrical ; anellus strongly developed ;
uncus and transtilla absent ; socii vestigial ; harpe Aveak.

Fem.ale genitalia. — Genital plate membranous ; signum present.

ANTEQUERA ACERTELLA (Busck). new combination

Semioscopis acertella Busok, Journ. Ent. Zool., Claremont, vol. 5, p. 100, 1913. —
Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera iusectorum, fase. 180, p. 186, 1922. — Mo
Dunnough, Cbeck list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , No. 8462. 1939.

Male genitalia. — Harpe slender, weak, hairy, without clasper ; cucul-
lus rounded ; sacculus poorly defined. Anellus strongly developed into
two lateral processes each forming a half of a cylinder in which the
aedeagus rests. Aedeagus long, slender ; vesica armed with numerous
strong cornuti. Vinculum produced, rounded, broad. Socii indicated
only by a few hairs. Gnathos di%"ided into two long, pointed processes.

Female genitalia. — Genital plate membranous. Ostium with a broad
ventroanterior plate. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized in posterior
half; inception of ductus seminalis about middle of ductus bursae.
Bursa copulatrix moderately large; signa two small sclerotized, sco-
binate plates.

Alar expanse, 17-19 mm.

Type. — In the United States National Museum.

Type locality. — San Diego, Calif.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 271

Remarks. — I am tentatively placing this genus in the family Cosmop-
terygidae. It appears to be related to the genus Macrohathra Meyrick.

The only species I have seen that is referable to this genus is the
genotype.

Family ETHMIIDAE

Genus EUMEYRICKIA Busck

Pl^vte 1, FiGXXRE 8 ; Plate 7, FigutvE 57A ; Plate 12, Figures 75, 75a ; Plate 17,
Figure 104

Enmcyrickia Busck, Journ. New York Eiit. Soc, vol. 10, p. 94, 1902; in Dyar,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 52, p. 525, 1903.— Kearfott, in Smith, Clieck list of
the Lepldoptera of Boreal America, p. 113, 1903. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 35, p. 191-192, 1908. — Keakfott, in Smith, Catalogue of the in-
sects of New Jersey, p. 561, 1910. — Baknes and McDunnough, Check list
of the Lepldoptera of Boreal America, p. 160, 1917. — Forbes, Cornell Univ.
Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, p. 234, 1923.— Brimley, The insects of North
Carolina, p. 303, 1938. — McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of
Canada and the United States of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera),
p. 78, 1939. (Genotype: Chaetochihis trimaculellus Fitch, Report on the
noxious, beneficial, and other insects of the State of New York, vol. 2,
p. 233, 1856.)

'lEido Chambers, Can. Ent., vol. 5, p. 72, 1873. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
Ao]. 35, p. 192. 1908. (Genotype: Eido albapalpella Chambers.)

Atheropla Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Ent. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, pp. 758-759,
1884. (Genotype: Atheropla melicMora Meyrick.)

The genus Eumeyrichia is clearly ethmiid and is here transferred
to that family. Vein 5 of the hind wing is closer to 6 than to 4, a
good ethmiid character, which is supported by genitalic characters.
In the male genitalia, as in other Ethmiidae, the harpe is distinctly
segmented. This character is not found in the Oecophoridae.

Meyrick has synonymized Eumeyrichia with the Australian genus
Atheropla^ which synonymy seems unlikely. In his description of
the genus ^^ Meyrick states that veins 5-7 of the hind wing are nearly
parallel. If this is true of his Atheropla (partially described from
imperfect material), then Eumeyrickia immediately becomes separ-
able on the character of vein 5, which is divergent from 6. In view
of these facts I believe it advisable to retain Eumeyrickia for our
American species.

The genotype is the only known North American species referable
to this cenus.

" Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 180, p. 100, 1922.

272 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Family BLASTOBASIDAE

Genus GERDANA Busck

Plate 3, Figuke 21 ; Plate 6, Figuee 42 ; Plate 8, Figures 58, 58a ; Plate 19,

Figure 117

Oenlana Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, p. 193, 1908. — Barnes and
McDunnough, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Boreal America, p. 160,
1917. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectoriim, fasc. 180, p. 191, 1922. —
Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Memoir 68, pp. 234^235, 1923.— McDun-
NOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of
America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , p. 79, 1939. (Genotype: Gerdana
caritella Busck.)

Labial palpus short, reaching nearly to vertex; second segment
somewhat roiighenecl beneath; third segment slightly shorter than
third. Tongue well developed. Antenna simple, with pecten on
basal segment. Abdomen strongly spined.

Fore wing elongate-ovate, apex blunt ; 12 veins ; lb furcate ; Ic not
preserved at margin; 2 from near angle; 3-5 approximate; 7-8
stalked; 7 to termen just below apex, 8 to costa; stalk of 7 and 8
approximate to or connate with 9 ; 11 from middle.

Hind wing as broad as fore wing with costa excised from middle;
apex pointed, termen straight, oblique ; 8 veins ; 6 and 7 parallel but
divergent toward tip ; 3 and 4 connate or stalked ; 5 nearest 4.

Male genitalia. — Symmetrical; harpe elongate, divided; clasper
short, curved; anellus tubular; transtilla a narrow band; vinculum
short, spatulate; aedeagus long, stout, straight. Gnathos a hook.
Uncus fleshy, slightly hairy.

Female genitalia. — Bursa copulatrix without signum. Ductus bur-
sae mebranous. Ostium small, with sclerotized plate ventrally.

Remarks. — I recognize only one species in this genus. The species
is not oecophorid, partaking of both gelechiid and blastobasid char-
acters. Likewise it does not clearly belong to either of these families
but suggests both when certain characters are considered. The ab-
dominal segments are heavily spinose, a good blastobasid character,
but the costa of the fore wing is not thickened nor are veins 10 and
11 unusually distant as in that family. Vein Ic of the fore wing
is not preserved at the margin as in Oecophoridae and the gnathos
is distincity gelecliiid. On the spinose character of the abdomen,
the absence of vein Ic of the fore wing and the larval habit of living
in refuse I transfer this genus to the Blastobasidae.

I have before me a series of 15 specimens reared from "witches'-
broom." These were reared from larvae collected at Canaan, Maine,
by Dr. A. E. Brower. Another series, reared from a long-eared owl's
nest by W. L. Jellison, was collected in Beaverhead County, Mont.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 273

In addition, I have had for determination the following: 1 male
from Smnmerland, British Colmnbia (21-VII-1933, A. N. Gartrell) ;
4 females from Ottawa (8-VIII-1924, G. S. Walley; lG-VII-1906,
C. H. Young) and Blackburn, Ontario (7-VII-1939, E. G. Lester) ;
and 1 female from Putnam County, 111. (14-IX-1939, M. O. Glenn).

Family HELIODINIDAE

Genus EUCLEMENSIA Grote

Plate 3, Figure 23 ; Plate 7, Figltee 54 ; Plate 12, Figures 77, 77a ; Plate 15,

Figure 93

Eticlemensia Grote, Can. Ent., vol. 10, p. 69, 1878. — Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 35, p. 202, 1908. — Meyrick, in Wytsman, Genera insectorum, fasc. 165,
p. 20, 1914. — Forbes, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat., Memoir 68, p. 357, 1923. —
MoDuNNOUGH, Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States
of America (Part 2, Microlepidoptera ) , p. 87, 1939. (Genotype: Hamadnjas
iassettella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 423, 1864.)

Hamadnjas Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 422, 1864 (preoccu-
pied). (Genotype: Eamadryas bassettella Clemens.)

Head with smoothly appressed scales; antenna slightly rough-
scaled, without pecten on basal segment. Labial palpus exceeding
base of antenna ; third segment slightly shorter than second. Tongue
developed.

Fore wing narrow, elongate, costa very slightly concave at middle;
12 veins ; 7 and 8 stalked, both to costa.

Hind wing nearly as broad as fore wing, 8 veins ; 6 and 7 subparal-
lel ; 3 and 4 separate.

Male genitalia. — Harpe symmetrical, simple. Anellus with well-
developed lateral processes; central plate absent. Gnathos bifid.
Uncus absent.

Female genitalia. — Bursa copulatrix double, partly sclerotized ; in-
ception of ductus seminalis on bursa; two ducts. Ostium opening
in median portion of genital plate.

Remarks. — Although this genus does not belong in the Heliodinidae,
where both Meyrick and Forbes placed it, I am leaving it there until
the family is revised and the genera are reallocated.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

The illustrations for this paper were made by the author ; the plates
were composed by Mrs. Eleanor A. Carlin, Bureau of Entomology
and Plant Quarantine. No attempt was made to adhere to a definite
scale in making the drawings. Most of the male genitalia were
drawn to one scale but the female genitalia were drawn to a con-
venient size.

274 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

Explanation of Hyinhols applied to heads

P= Palpus.
pt=Pecten.
E=Eye.

Explanation of symbols applied to genitalia

Cl=Clasper of harpe. An = Anellus.

Tr=Transtilla. lbAn=Lobe of anellus.

Lbtr=Lobe of transtilla. lpAn = Lateral process of anellus.

Hp = Harpe. extSc= Extension of sacculus.

Sc = Sacculus. V = Vinculum.

Un = Uncus. Ae = Aedeagus.

Gn = Gnathos. Vs == Vesica.

Tg=Tegumen. Cu = Cornuti.

Si = Socii. ODM = Outer dorsal margin of sacculus.

th= Terminal hook of aedeagus.

Gp — Genital plate. Db = Ductus bursae.

O = Ostium. Ds == Ductus seminalis.

Be — Bursa copulatrix. Op = Ovipositor.

S = Signum. SpOp = Spines of ovipositor.

Plate 1

1. Triclonella pcrgandeelJa Busck: Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

2. Mathildana neicmancJla (Clemens) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

3. Carolana ascriptella (Busck) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

4. Chamhersia haydenella (Chambers) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

5. Endrosis lactella (Schiffermiiller) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

6. Pleurota bicostella (Clerck) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

7. Inga sparsiciliclla (Clemens) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

8. Eumeyrickia trimaculella (Fitch) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

9. Carcina quercana (Fabricius) : Lateral aspect of head showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

10. Martyringa latipennis (Walsingham) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

Plate 2

11. Deprcssaria heracHana (Linnaeus) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 275

12. Hofmannophila psendosprctella (Staintou) : Lateral aspect of head, showing

eye, labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna with peoteu.

13. Agonopterix occllana (Fabricius) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

14. Epicallima argent icinctella (Clemens) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

15. Seinioscopis steinkellncriana (Schiffermiiller) : Lateral aspect of head, show-

ing eye, labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

16. Apachea larbcrcUa (Busck) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

17. Martyrhilda canella (Busck) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

18. SchiffermiiUcria schaeffcrella (Linnaeus) : Lateral aspect of head, showing

eye, labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

Plate 3

19. Decantha lorklmusenii (Zeller) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

20. Anoiicia conia (Walsingham) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

21. Gerdana cariteUa Busck : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial palpus,

and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

22. Occophora bractella (Linnaeus) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

23. Euclemensia hassettella (Clemens) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

24. Psilocorsis quercicclla Clemens : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

25. Fadiola shalerielhi (Chambers) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

26. Alachimia tentoriferella Clemens: Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten,

Plate 4

27. Antequera accrtella (Busck) : Wings.

28. Antequera acerteUa (Busck) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

29. Bibanambla aUenella- (Walsingham) : Wings.

30. Bibarramhla allenella (Walsingham) : Lateral aspect of head, showing eye,

labial palpus, and basal segment of antenna with pecten.

31. Himnnacicb huacliucella (Busck) : Wings.

32. Himmacia huacliucella (Busck) : Lateral aspect of htead, showing eye, labial

palpus, and basal segment of antenna without pecten.

Plate 5
Wing Venation

33. Machimia tentoriferella Clemens.

34. Pleurota bicostella (Clerck).

35. Semioscopis steinkellneriana (Schiffermiiller).

36. Carcina quercana (Fabricius).

37. Inga sparsiciliella (Clemens).

38. Psilocorsis quercicella Clemens.

39. Martyringa latipenyiis (Walsingham).

276 PROCEEDmGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Plate 6
Wing Venation

40. Apachea harberella (Busck).

41. Fabiola shaleHella (Chambers).

42. Oerdana caritella Busck.

43. Hofmannophila psetidospretella (Stalnton).

44. Martyrhilda canella (Busck).

45. Agonopterix ocellana (Fabricius).

46. Chambersia haydenella (Chambers).

47. Epicallima argenticinctella (Clemens).

48. Depressaria heraclinna (Linnaeus).

Plate 7
Wing Venation

49. Carolana ascriptella (Busck).

50. Mathildana netonianella (Clemens).

51. Endrosis lacteUa (Schiffermiiller).

52. Anoncia conia (Walsingham).

53. Oecophora bractella (Linnaeus).

54. Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens).

55. DecantJia horkhausenii (Zeller).

56. Schiffermiilleria schaefferella (Linnaeus).

57. Triclonella pergandeella Busck.
57A. Eumeyrickia trimaculella (Fitch).

Plate 8

58-58a. Oerdana caritella Busck ; 58, Ventral aspect of male genitalia ; 58a,

aedeagus, lateral view.
59-59a, Psilocorsis gnercicella Clemens: 59, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

59a, aedeagus, lateral view.
60-60a. Endrosis lactella (Schitfermiiller) : 60, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

60a, aedeagus, lateral view.
61-61a. Fabiola shaleriella (Chambers) : 61, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

61a, aedeagus, lateral view.
62-62a. Agonopterix ocellana (Fabricius) : 62, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

62a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 9

63-63b. Antequera acertella (Busck) : 63, Ventral aspect of male genitalia with

aedeagus removed ; 63a, lateral aspect of male genitalia with aedeagus

removed ; 63b, aedeagus, lateral view,
64-64a. Himmacia htiachucella (Busck) : 64, Ventral aspect of male genitalia

with aedeagus removed ; 64a, aedeagus, lateral view.
65-65a. Biharrambla allenella (Walsingham) : 65, Ventral aspect of male genitalia

with aedeagus removed; 65a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 10

6Q-e6a. Decantha borkhausenii (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

66a, aedeagus, lateral view.
67-67a. Martyrhilda canella (Busck) : 67, Ventral asi)ect of male genitalia;
67a, aedeagus, lateral view.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 277

68-68a. Depressaria heracliana (Linnaeus) : 68, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia ; GSa, aedeagus, lateral view.

69-69b. Carolana asoriptella (Busck) : 69, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;
69a, aedeagus, lateral view; 69b, gnathos and uncus, lateral view.

7(>-70a. Machimia tentorifereUa Clemens; 70, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;
70a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 11

71-71a. Caroina qricrcana (Fabricius) : 71, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;
71a, aedeagus, lateral view.

72-72a. Martyringa latipennis (Walsingham) : 72, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia ; 72a, aedeagus, lateral view.

73-73a. Semioscopis steinkellneriana (Schiffermiiller) : 73, Ventral aspect of
male genitalia ; 73a, aedeagus, lateral view.

74-74b. Mathildana newmanella (Clemens) : 74, Ventral aspect of right harpe and
anellus; 74a, aedeagus, lateral view; 74b, gnathos and uncus, lateral
view.

Plate 12

75-75a. Eumeyrickia trimaculella (Fitch) : 75, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia ; 75a, aedeagus, lateral view.

7Q-76a, Pleurota Ucostella (Clerck) : 76, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;
76a, aedeagus, lateral view.

77-77a. Euclemensia hassettella (Clemens) : 77, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia ; 77a, aedeagus, lateral view.

78-78b. HofmannopMla pseudospretella (Stainton) : 78, Ventral aspect of
male genitalia ; 78a, aedeagus, lateral view ; 78b, gnathos and uncus,
lateral view.

79-79a. Chamhersla haydenella (Chambers) : 79, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia ; 79a, aedeagus, lateral view.

80-80a. Inga sparsiciliella (Clemens): 80, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;
80a, aedeagus, lateral view.

81-81a. Epicallima argenticinctella (Clemens) : 81, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia; 81a, aedeagus, lateral view,

Plate 13

82-82a. ScJiiffermillleria schaefferella (Linnaeus) : 82, Ventral aspect of male

genitalia ; 82a, aedeagus, lateral view.
83-83a. Oecophora 'bractella (Linnaeus) : 83, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

83a, aedeagus, lateral view.
84-84a. TricloneUa pergandeeUa Busck: 84, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

84a, aedeagus, lateral view.
85-85a. Anoncia conia (Walsingham) : 85, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

85a, aedeagus, lateral view.
8&SQh. Apachea Mr^erellcu (Busck): 86, Ventral aspect of male genitalia;

86a, aedeagus, lateral view; 86b, dorsal view of tegumen to show

absence of uncus,

Plate 14

87. Pleurota hicostella (Clerck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

88. Carcina quercana (Fabricius) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

89. Inga sparsiciliella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

278 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

90. Martyringa latipennis (Walsingbam) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

91. Decantha iorkhausenii (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

92. Machiniia tentoriferella Clemens : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

Plate 15

93. Euclemensia iassettella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

94. Ajjachea harierella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

Plate 16

95. FaHola sTialcriella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

96. Carolana ascriptella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

97. Semioscopis sieinkellneriana (Schiffermiiller) : Ventral aspect of female

genitalia.
08. Schiffermiilleria schaefferella (Linnaeus) : Ventral aspect of female

genitalia.
99. EpicalUma argenticinctell<i (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

100. Mariyrhilda cav.ella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

101. HofmannopMla pseudospretclla (Stainton) : Ventral aspect of female

genitalia.

Plate 17

102. Depressaria heracUana (Linnaeus) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

103. Agonopterix ocellana (Fabricius) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

104. EumeyricJcia trimaculella (Fitch) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

105. Psilocorsis quercicella Clemens : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

106. Borkhausenia minutella (Linnaeus) : Abdominal spines (setae).

107. Martyringa latipenvis (Walsingham) : Abdominal spines (setae).

108. Carolana ascriptella (Busck) : Truncated abdominal spines (setae).

Plate 18

109. BldarramUa allenella (Walsingham) ; Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

110. Himmacia liuachucella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

111. Antequera acertella (Busck) : Ventral asi)ect of female genitalia.

Plate 19

112. Trlclonella pergandeella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

113. Oecophora hractella (Linnaeus) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

114. A7ioncia conia (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

115. Chamiersia haydenella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

116. Endrosis lactella (Schiffermiiller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

117. Oerdana caritella Busck: Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

118. Mathildana newmanella (Clemens) ; Ventral aspect of female genitalia.

Plate 20

119-119a. Faiiola tecta Braun: 119, Ventral aspect of male genitalia with left

harpe and tegumen removed; 119a, aedeagus, lateral view.
12O-120a. Schiffermiilleria edithella (Busck) : 120, Ventral aspect of male

genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 120a, aedeagus,

lateral view.
321-121a. Schiffermiilleria lucidella (Busck) : 121, Ventral aspect of male

genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed; 121a, aedeagus,

lateral view.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 279

122-122a. Schiffermiillcria quadrhnaculella (Chambers) : 122, Ventral aspect of
male genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 122a, acdeagus,
lateral view.

123-123a. Pleurota albastrigulella (Kearfott) : 123, Ventral aspect of male
genitalia with left harpe and tegimieu removed ; 123a, aedeagus,
lateral view.

124-124a. EpicaUima formosella (Schiffermuller) : 124, Ventral aspect of male
genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed; 124a, aedeagus,
lateral view.

]25-125a. Decantha iorcasella (Chambers) : 125, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia with left harpe and tegumen removed; 125a, aedeagus, lateral
view.

Plate 21

126-126a. Inga olscuromaculella (Chambers) : 126, Ventral aspect of male
genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed; 126a, aedeagus,
lateral view.

127-127a. Inga canariella (Busck) : 127, Ventral aspect of male genitalia with
left harpe and tegumen removed ; 127a, aedeagus, lateral view.

128-128a. Inga ciUella (Busck) : 128, Ventral aspect of male genitalia vvith
left harpe and tegxmien removed; 128a, aedeagus, lateral view.

129-129a. Inga concoloreUa (Beutenmiiiler) : 129, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 129a, aedeagus, lateral
view.

130-130a. Inga cretacea (Zeller) : 130, Ventral aspect of male genitalia with
left harpe and tegumen removed; 130a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 22

131. PsiloGorsis reflexella Clemens : Aedeagus, lateral view.

132. Psilocorsls oaryae, new species : Aedeagus, lateral view.

133. Psilocorsis ohsoletella (Zeller) : Aedeagus, lateral view.

134. Psilocorsis faginella (Chambers) : Aedeagus, lateral view.

135-135a. Scmioscopis aurorella Dyar ; Ventral aspect of male genitalia with
left harpe and tegumen removed ; 135a, aedeagus, lateral view.
136. Semioscopis mcdunmmghl, new species : Aedeagus, lateral view.
137-137a. Semioscopis inornata (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of male genitalia
witli left harpe and tegumen removed ; 137a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 23

138-138a. Semioscopis r.iegamicrella Dyar : 138, Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 138a, aedeagus, lateral view.

139-139a. Semioscopis hraunae, new species : 139, Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 139a, aedeagus, lateral
view.

140-1 40a. Semioscopis packardella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 140a, aedeagus, lateral
view.
141. Semioscopis meni-ccellaD jar: Aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 24

142-142a. Martyrhilda gracilis (Walsingham) : 142, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia ; 142a, aedeagus, lateral view.

280

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

143-143a. Martyrhilda umbraticostellct- (Walsingham) ; 143, "Ventral aspect of
male genitalia with left harpe removed; 143a, aedeagus, lateral
view.
144. Martyrhilda thoracenigraeella (Cliambers) : Aedeagus, lateral view,

145-145a. Martyrhilda sordidella, new species: 145, Ventral aspect of male gen-
italia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 145a, aedeagus, lateral
view.

146-146a. Martyrhilda thoracefasciella (Chambers) : 146, Ventral aspect of right
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 146a, aedeagus, lateral view.

147-147a. Martyrhilda sphaeralceae, new species: 147, Ventral aspect of right
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 147a. aedeagus, lateral view.

14S-148a. Martyrhilda hildaella, new species : 148, Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 148a, aedeagus, lateral view.

149-149a. Martyrhilda sciadopa (Meyrick) : 149, Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe removed ; 149a, aedeagus. lateral view,

Plate 25

150-150a. Martyrhilda nivalis (Braun) : 150, "Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe removed ; 150a, aedeagus, lateral view.
151. Martyrhilda klamathiana ("Walsingham) : Lateral view of aedeagus.
152-152a. Agonopterix fulva ("Walsingham) : 152, "Ventral aspect of male geni-
talia with left harije removed ; 152a, aedeagus, lateral view.
153-153a. Agonopterix gelidella (Busck) : 153, "Ventral aspect of male genitalia
with left harpe removed; 153a, aedeagus, lateral view.

154. Agonopterix arcuella, new species: Clasper and sacculus of right

harpe of male genitalia.

155. Agonopterix lythrella ("Walsingham) : Clasper and sacculus of right

harpe of male genitalia.
156-156a. Agonopterix hyperella Ely: 156, "Ventral aspect of right harpe and
anellus of male genitalia; 156a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 26

157-157a. Agonopterix curvilineella (Beutenmiiller) : 157, Ventral aspect of

right harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 157a, aedeagus, lateral

view^
158-158a. AgoJiopterix muricolorella (Busck) : 158, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia; 158a, aedeagus, lateral view.
159-159a. Agonopterix clemensella (Chambers) : 159, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 159a, aedeagus, lateral view.
160-160a. Agonopterix atrodor sella (Clemens) : 100, "Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 160a, aedeagus, lateral view.
161-161a. Agonopterix nu'biferella ("Walsingham) : 161, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 161a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 27

162-162a. Agonopterix pteleae Barnes and Busck
harpe and anellus of male genitalia;

163-163a. Agonopterix eupatoriiella (Chambers) :
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ;

164T-164a. Agonopterix pulvipenyiella (Clemens) :
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ;

: 162, "Ventral aspect of right
162a, aedeagus, lateral view.

163, Ventral aspect of right
163a, aedeagus, lateral view.

164, Ventral aspect of right
164a, aedeagus, lateral view.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 281

Plate 28

200B. Depressaria togata Walsingham ; Male genitalia (drawn by Herbert

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 165a, aedeagus, lateral view.
166-1 66a. Agonopterix rosaciliella (Busck) : 166, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia ; 166a, aedeagus, lateral view.
167-167a. Agonopterix fuscitenninella, new species : 167, Ventral aspect of

right harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 167a, aedeagus, lateral

view.
168-168a. Agonopteri.v novi-mnndl ("Walsingham) : 168, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 16Sa, aedeagus, lateral aspect.

Plate 29

169-169a. Agonopterix rohiniella (Packard) : 169, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia; 169a, aedeagus, lateral view.

170-170a. Agonopterix nigrinotella (Busck) : 170, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia ; 170a, aedeagus, lateral view.

171-1 71a. Agonopterix argillacea (Walsingham) : 171, Ventral aspect of right
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 171a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 30

172-1 72a. Agonopterix senicionella (Busck) : 172, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia ; 172a, aedeagus, lateral view.
173-1 73a. Agonopterix flavicomella (Engel) : 173, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia; 173a, aedeagus, lateral view.
174-174a. Agonopterix costimacula, new species: 174, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 174a, aedeagus, lateral view.
175-1 75a. Agonopterix antennariella, new species : 175, A^entral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 175a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 31

17(3-176a. Agonopterix oregonensis, new species : 176, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 176a, aedeagus, lateral view.
177-177a. Agonopterix psoralieUa (Walsingham) : 177, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 177a, aedeagus, lateral view.
178-17Sa. Agonopterix clarkei Keifer : 178, Ventral aspect of right harpe and

anellus of male genitalia ; 178a, aedeagus, lateral view.
179-179a. Agonopterix dimorpliella, new species : 179, Ventral aspect of male

genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 179a, aedeagus,

lateral view.
180-180a. Agonopterix cajonensis, new species: 180, Ventral aspect of male

genitalia with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 180a, aedeagus,

lateral view.

Plate 32

lSl-181a. Agonopterix sabulella (Walsingham) : 181, Ventral aspect of right
harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 181a, aedeagus, lateral view.

182-182a. Agonopterix pallidella (Busck) : 182, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia ; 182a, aedeagus, lateral view.

183-183a. Agonopterix pergandeella (Busck) : 1S3, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia ; 183a, aedeagus, lateral view.

282

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

184r-184a. Agonopterix costosa (Haworth) : 184, Ventral aspect of right liari)e
and anellus of male genitalia ; lS4a, aedeagus, lateral view.

185-185a. Agonopterix ncbulosa (Zeller) : 185, Ventral aspect of right harpe and
anellus of male genitalia ; 185a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 33

186. Agonopterix arnicella (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia.
187-187a. Agonopterix amisseUa (Busck) : 187, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia ; 187a, aedeagus, lateral view.
188-188a. Agonopterix latipalpella Barnes and Busck: 188, Ventral aspect of

right harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 188a, aedeagus, lateral

view.
189-lS9a. Agonopterix sanguinella (Busck) : 189, Ventral aspect of right harpe

and anellus of male genitalia ; 189a, aedeagus, lateral view.
190-190a. Agonopterix posticella (Walsingham) : 190, Ventral aspect of right

harpe and anellus of male genitalia ; 190a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 34

191-191b. Depressaria maculatella Busck : 191, Ventral aspect of right harpe and

anellus of male genitalia ; 191a, aedeagus, lateral view ; 191b, trans-

tilla, ventral view.
192-192b. Depressaria grotella Robinson : 192, Ventral aspect of right harpe and

anellus of male genitalia ; 192a, aedeagus, lateral view ; 192b, trans-

tilla, ventral view.
193-193b. Depressaria betulella Busck: 193, Ventral aspect of right harpe and

anellus of male genitalia ; 193a, aedeagus, lateral view ; 193b, trans-

tilla, ventral view.

Plate 35

194-194a. Depressa/ria atrostrigella, new species: 194, Ventral aspect of right

harpe, anellus, vinculum, and transtilla of male genitalia; 194a,

aedeagus, lateral view.
195-195a. Depressaria alienella Busck : 195, Ventral aspect of right harpe, anellus

and transtilla of male genitalia ; 195a, aedeagus, lateral view.
196-196a. Depressaria artemisiella McDunnough: 196, Ventral aspect of right

harpe, anellus, and transtilla of male genitalia ; 196a, aedeagus,

lateral view.
197-197a. Depressaria artetnisiae dracuncuU Clarke: 197, Ventral aspect of right

harpe, anellus and transtilla of male genitalia ; 197a, aedeagus.

lateral view.

Plate 36

198-198a. Depressaria angustati, new .species : 198. Ventral aspect of right harpe,

anellus and transtilla of male genitalia ; 198a, aedeagus, lateral view.
199-199a. Depressaria muUifidae Clarke: 199, Ventral aspect of right harpe,

anellus and transtilla of male genitalia ; 199a, aedeagus, lateral view.
200^200a. Depressaria wliitmani, new species: 200, Ventral aspect of right

harpe, anellus and transtilla of male genitalia ; 200a, aedeagus, lateral

view.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE— CLARKE 283

Plate 37

200B. Depressaria togata Walsingham : Male genitalia (drawn by Herbert

Stringer).
201-201a. Depressaria yalcimae, new species : 201, Ventral aspect of male genitalia

with left harpe and tegumen removed; 201a, aedeagiis, lateral view.
202-202a. Depressaria leptoiaeniae Clarke: 202, Ventral aspect of male genitalia

with left harpe and tegumen removed ; 202a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 38

203-203a, Depressaria juUella Busck: 203, Ventral aspect of right harpe and
anellus of male genitalia ; 203a, aedeagus, lateral view.

204-204a. Depressaria eleanorae, new species: 204, Ventral aspect of right harpe
and anellus of male genitalia ; 204a, aedeagus, lateral view.

205-205a. Depressaria cinereocostella Clemens : 205, Ventral aspect of hight harpe,
anellus and transtilla of male genitalia ; 205a, aedeagus, lateral view.

Plate 39

206. Inga obscuromaculcUa (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

207. Inga canariella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

208. Inga concolorella (Beutenmiiller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

209. Inga ciUella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without ovipositor.

210. Inga cretacea (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without ovipositor.

211. Decantha ioreasella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

212. Pleurota alhastrigulella (Kearfott) : Bursa copulatrix and signa of female

genitalia.

213. Schiffermiilleria quadrimaculella (Chambers) : Ventral view of genital plate

of female genitalia.
214 Schiffermiilleria edithella (Busck) : Ventral view of genital plate of female
genitalia.

215. Schiffermiilleria lucidella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of genital plate of female

genitalia.

216. Epicallima formosella (Schiffermiiller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

Plate 40

217. Psilocorsis faginella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of genital plate,

ostium, and posterior portion of ductus bursae of female genitalia.

218. Psilocorsis faginella (Chambers) : Signum of bursa copulatrix.

219. Psilocorsis oaryae, new species : Ventral aspect of genital plate, os-

tium, and posterior portion of ductus bursae of female genitalia-

220. Psilocorsis obsoletella (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of genital plate, os-

tium, and posterior portion of ductus bursae of female genitalia.

221. Psilocorsis fletckercUa Gibson : Signum of bursa copulatrix.

222. Psilocorsis reflexella Clemens : Signum of bursa copulatrix.

223. Semioscopis aiirorella Dyar: Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

284 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

224. Semioscopis traunae, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

225. Semioscopis inomata (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of ovipositor,

showing hooked macrosetae, genital plate, ostium, and posterior
portion of ductus bursae of female genitalia.

226. Semioscopis megamicrella Dyar: Ventral aspect of genital plate, os-

tium, and posterior portion of ductus bursae of female genitalia.

227. Semioscopis merriccella Dyar: Bursa copulatrix of female genitalia.
228-228a. Semioscopis packardella (Clemens) : 228, Ventral aspect of genital

plate, ostium, and posterior portion of ductus bursae of female
genitalia; 228a, bursa copulatrix.

229. Agonopterix dimorphella, new species: Ventral aspect of female geni-
talia without ovipositor.
230-230a. Agonopterix clarkei Keifer : 230, Ventral aspect of ovipositor lobes of
female genitalia showing spines (setae) of the ovipositor; 230a,
ventral view of genital plate and ostium.

231. MartyrMlda nivalis (Braun) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-
out ovipositor.

Plate 41

232. Marti/rhilda vmhratico Stella (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female

genitalia without ovipositor.

233. MartyrMlda gracilis (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

234. MartyrMlda MamatMana (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

235. MartyrMlda thoracefasciella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

236. MartyrMlda sciadopa (Meyrick) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

237. MartyrMlda sphaeralceae, new si)ecies: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

238. MartyrMlda sordideUa, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

239. MartyrMlda thoracenigraeella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

Plate 42

240. Agonopterix hyperella Ely : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

241. Agonopterix oregonensis, new species: Ventral aspect of female gen-

italia without ovipositor.

242. Agonopterix clemensella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female geni-

italia without ovipositor.

243. Agonopterix muricolorella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.
244-244a. Agonopterix cajonensis, new species : 244, Ventral aspect of genital
plate, ostium and posterior portion of ductus bursae; 244a, bursa
copulatrix.

245. Agonopterix curvilineella (Beutenmiiller) : Ventral aspect of female

genitalia without ovipositor.

246. Agonopterix arcuella, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

REVISION OF THE OECOPHORIDAE — CLARKE 285

247-247a. Agonopterix gelidella (Busck) : 247, Ventral aspect of genital plate,
ostium and posterior portion of ductus bursae; 247a, bursa
copulatrix.

248. Agonopterix fiilva (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

Plate 43

249. Agonopterix eupatoriiella (Chambers) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

250. Agonopterix scabella (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

251. Agonopterix pteleae Barnes and Busck : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor,

252. Agonopterix atrodorsella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor,

253. Agonopterix pulvipennella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

Plate 44

254. Agonopterix tvalsinghamella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

255. Agonopterix argillacea (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipostor.

256. Agonopterix pallidclla (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

257. Agonopterix rosacilieUc6 (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

258. Agonopterix fusciterminella, new species: Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

259. Agonopterix robiniella (Packard) : Ventral aspect of genital plate of

female genitalia.
259A. Agonopterix thelmae, new species: Ventral aspect of genital plate of
female genitalia,

260. Agonopterix lecontella (Clemens) : Ventral aspect of bursa copulatrix of

female genitalia.

Plate 45

261. Agonopterix costimacula, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

262. Agonopterix canadensis (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

263. Agonopterix scnicionella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

264. Agonopterix antennariella, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

265. Agonopterix nigrinoteUa (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

266. Agonopterix nebulosa (Zeller) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

267. Agonopterix flavicomella (Engel) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

286 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Plate 46

268. Agonopterix latipalpella Barnes and Busck: Ventral aspect of female

genitalia without ovipositor.

269. Agonopterix amisseUa (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

270. Agonopterix saduIeUa (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

271. Agonopterix psoraliclla ("Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

272. Agonopterix amyrisella (Busck) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia with-

out ovipositor.

273. Agonopterix costosa (Haworth) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

274. Agonopterix posticelia (Walsingham) : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

Plate 47

275. Depressaria mactilateUa Busck: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.
276-276a. Deprcsmria hetulella Busck: 276, Ventral aspect of genital plate and

part of ductus bursae of female genitalia ; 276a, signum.
277-277a. Depressaria grotclla Robinson: 277, Ventral aspect of genital plate

of female genitalia ; 277a, signum.

278. Depressaria artemisieUa McDunnough : Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

279. Depressaria eleanorae, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

280. Depressaria juUella Busck : Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

Plate 48

281. Depressaria cinereocostella Clemens: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

282. Depressaria alienella Busck: Ventral aspect of female genitalia without

ovipositor.

283. Depressaria artcmisiae draciinculi Clarke: Ventral aspect of female geni-

talia without ovipositor.

284. Depressaria palousella, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

285. Depressaria, yakimae, new species: Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

286. Depressaria whitmani, new species : Ventral aspect of female genitalia

without ovipositor.

287. Depressaria angustati, new species : Ventral aspect of genital plate and

part of ductus bursae of female genitalia.
2S8. Depressaria multifldae Clarke: Ventral aspect of genital plate and part

of ductus bursae of female genitalia.
289. Depressaria leptotaeniae Clarke : Ventral aspect of genital plate and part

of ductus bursae of female genitalia.

U S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 1

/ TRICLONELL/\

2 MATHILDANA

S ENDf^OSIS

3. CAROLANA

a EUMErRICKIA

lO. MARTYRINGA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE. COSMOPTERYG IDAE. AND ETHMIIDAE.
FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 274.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 2

16. APACHE A

17. HARTYRHILDA

18. SCHIFFERtlULLBRIA

North American oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 274-275

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 3

?^K mkw 1"^/ 20.AN0NCIA

2/ GERDANA

/S DECANTHA

Z5 EUCLEMEN5IA

22. OECOPHORA

Z4-. PSILOCORSIS

25 FABIOLA

Ze. HACHIMIA

North American Oecophoridae. Cosmopterygidae, Blastobasidae.
and heliodinidae.

OF PLATE SEE PAGE 275.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 4

Z7 ANTEQU£RfK

2B.ANTEQUERA ^^

v5/. HIMMACIA

^Z HIMMAOA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE AND COSMOPTERYG IDAE
FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 275.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATES

35 SEniOSCOPI5

^>9 MA/?rr/?INGA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 275.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATES

44 MARTYRHILDA

DEP/P£SSA/?/A

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE AND BLASTOBASIDAE.
FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 276.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 7

5J. OECOPHORA

57A EUMEYRICKIA

North American Oecophoridae. Cosmopterygidae, Ethmiidae. and
Heliodinidae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 276.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 8

02 AGONOPTERIX

North American Oecophoridae and Blastobasidae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 276.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 9

65 BIBARRAMBLA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE AND COSMOPTERYG I DAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 276.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 10

70. MACHIMIP[

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 276-277.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 11

73 5£n/OSCOPIS

North American oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 277.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 12

m \

81 EPICALLIMA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORI DAE, ETHMIIDAE, AND H ELIODI N I DAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 277.

U S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 13

86. APACHE A

North American Oecophoridae and Cosmopterygidae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 277.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS VOL. 90 PLATE 14

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 277-278.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

93. EUCLEMENSIA

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 15

r>^.

94. APACHEA

North American Oecophoridae and heliodinidae.

, FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 278.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE U

Se.SCHIFFERMULLERIA

lot HCFMANNOPHILA

lOO MARTYRHILD/K

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 278.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUT

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 17

-P^

/OZDEPRESSAR.IA

y^\\ \)i

106 BOHKHAUSEMI/\4

IO7.MAR.TYRIN0f\f

lOQ CAROL AN A 3

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE AND ETHMIIDAE.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 273.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL 90 PLATE

I I

III. ANTEQUERA

no. HIMMACIA

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE AND COSMOPTER YG I DAE
FOR EXPLANATiON OF PLATE SEE PAGE 278.

US NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 19

113 OECOPHORA

/J5.CHAMBERSIA //6 ENDf?OSIS

/latlATHILDANA

North American Oecophoridae. Cosmopterygidae. and Blastobasidae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 278.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 20

IZ4. formosella

IZSa.

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 278-279.

' U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUT

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 21

IZ9. concolonzlla

130. c ret ace a

NORTH American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 279.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL 90 PLATE 22

137. inornata

North American Oecophoridae.

for explanation of plate see page 279.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 23

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATrON OF PLATE SEE PAGE 279.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 24

14^ thoracefascieUa

149. sctadoca

NORTH American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 279-280.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 25

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 280.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 26

/<3/ nuMfenUla,

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 280.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 27

/04 pulvcpenneUcL

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 280.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUt

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 28

J67 fuscitermneJIa

itenovi-munOLL

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 281.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 29

/// argdlacea

North American oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 281.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 30

174 cosumacida

175 ontennoTLeLLa

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 281.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 31

i79dLmorpheUa

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 231.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUf

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 32

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATiON OF PLATE SEE PAGES 281-282.

S, NATIONAL. MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL 90 PLATE 33

! sangumalla

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 282.

U S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PRCCEEDINGS. VOL 90 PLATE 34

beta Leila.

North American Oecophoridae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 282.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 35

dracuncuLi

NORTH AMERICAN OECC PHORI DAE.

FOR EXPUANATION OF PL^FE SEE PAGE 282.

U. S NATK3NAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 FLATE36

200 whitmanL

North American Oecophoricae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 282.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 37

North American Oecophoridae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 2S3.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL 90 PLATE 38

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 283.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 39

fiSJ^moseUa. 2/0 cr<ztacea

NORTH American Oecophoridae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 283.

(J. S. NATIONAL MUSEUf

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 40

Mk A M

:«£.-. •sjit

A /-* '■\ ^ ., ^iJ^:-'5s -5^^ ^^

m % s^

229dimorphelLa

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE

FOR C.voLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 283-28^.

U. S, NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE

236 5clacLcpa 2375pl'neml<xae 23S sordLdzUa thorucenigraeelLa

NORTH AMERICAN OECOPHORIDAE

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 281.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 42

z4(>arcu2Ua

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 284-28?.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOU. 90 PLATE 43

249 eupatonidla

25J pulvtpenmlla

North American oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 285.

U- S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOl_. 90 PLATE

Zoo lecQitclla

,254 wahmaha/vella

North American Oecophoridae

for explanation of plate see page 235.

U S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL 90 PLATE 45

161 cost Lmacida

204 antcnnanella

267 f/avicormua

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 285

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 46

272 amijnsella

274 posticella

North American Oecophoridae.

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 236

US NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE.

275- maculate I la

North American Oecophoridae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 2S6-

U. S NATIONAL MUSEJM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL 90 PLATE -!£

^ \ J I

Z85 dracunculL 284 palOLise lla 289 Icptotaemaz

North American Oecophoridae

FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 286

INDEX TO GENERA, SPECIES, AND LOCALITIES

(Principal references are printed in boldface ; synonyms in italics)

abalienella (Walker), 199.
acertella (Busck), 35, 270.
Agonopterix Hiibner, 33, 36, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 40 (keys), 8G, 125, 146.
147, 148, 149, 150, 164, 197, 199, 204,
259
amissella (Busck), 48, 50, 52, 117.
amyrisella (Busck), 48, 51, 124.
auteuiiariella (new species), 47, 51,

52, 108.

applana (Fabricius), 68, 69, 70.
arcuella (uew species), 45, 46, 49,

53, 58, 60, 62.

arenella ( Schiffermiiller ) , 43, SO,

81.
argillacea (Walsingham), 34, 45, 47,

50, 52, 82, 98, 100, 101, 103.
arnicella (Walsingham), 45, 47, 49,

90.
assimiliella (Treitschke), 43.
atomella (Schiffermiiller), 43.
atrodorsella (Clemens), 45, 46, 50,

51, 70.

blacella Barnes and Busck, 45, 99,

100, 101.
blackmori Busck, 45, 114, 116.
cajonensis (new species), 48, 50, 53,

82.
callosella Barnes and Busck, 45, 111,

112, 113.
canadensis (Busck), 48. 52, 104.
ciliella (Walsingham), 83, 86.
clarkei Keifer, 45, 48, 50, 51, 66.
clemensella (Chambers), 47, 50, 52,

68.
conterminella (Zeller), 56.
costimacula (new species), 48, 49.

52, 102.

costosa (Ha worth), 45, 46, 49, 52,

113.
curvilineella (Beutenmiiller), 46,

49, 53, 62.
depuvctella (Hiibner), 114.
dimorpht'lla (new species), 46, 50,

51, 94, 97.
dryadoxena (Meyrick), 45, 114, 116.
echinopanicis (new race), 47, 86.
endryopa (Meyrick), 39.
eupatoriiella (Chambers), 45, 46,

50, 51, 74, 103.
fernaldella (Walsingham), 78.
flavicomella (Engel), 46, 49, 52,

105.
fulva (Walsingham), 44, 45, 47, 48,

51, 53.

fusciterminella (new species), 47,
51, 53, 80, 90.

iiopferix gelidella (Busck), 45, 46,

49. 53, 55, 58, GO, 66.
gilvella (Hiibner), 43.
hilarella (Zeller), 92.
hyperella Ely, 45, 46, 49, 51, 56, 57,

58, 59. 60, 62.
hypericella (Hiibner), 43, 57, 58.
latipalpella Barnes and Busck, 45,

46, 50, 52, 118.
lecontella (Clemens), 47, 94, 97, 98.
lythrella (Walsingham), 45, 46, 49,

58, 59.
muricolorella (Busck), 48, 50, 53,

64.
murmurans (Meyrick), 39.
nebniosa (Zeller), 48, 49, 52, 75,

110.
nigrinotella (Busck), 48, 50, 52,

101, 102, 103.
novi-mundi (Walsingham), 48, 50,

87.
nubiferella (Walsingham), 45, 46,

49, 60.
oeellana (Fabricius), 43.
oregonensis (new species), 47, 50,

53, 56, 65.
palJidella (Busck), 45, 47, 50, 53,

82. 88.
pergandeella (Busck), 48, 49, 116.
plumnierella Busck, 45, 74, 75, 76.
po.sticella (Walsingham), 46, 49, 51,

119.
psoraliella (Walsingham), 44, 47,

49, 52, 121.

pteleae Barnes and Busck, 45, 46,

50, 51, 72.

pulvipennella (Clemens), 45, 47, 50,

51, 73, 76.

robiniella (Packard), 46, 51, 92, 96,

97, 98.
rosaciliella (Busck), 47, 50, 53, 83.
sabnlella (Walsingham), 45, 46, 49,

52, 111.

sanguinella (Busck), 48, 50, 123.
scabella (Zeller), 45, 46, 51, 72, 75.
senicionella (Busck), 48, 50, 52,

107.
serrae Clarke, 45, 88, 90.
solidaginis (Walsingham), 76.
terinclla Barnes and Busck, 45, 88,

90.
testifica (Meyrick), 45, 56, 57.
thelmae (new species), 47, 51, 96.
walsinghamella (Busck), 47, 50, 53,

78.
yeatiana, 80.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

[vol. 90

Alaska, 156, 267.
albapalpella (Chambers), 271.
albastrigulella (Kearfott), 231.
Alberta, 54, 56, 130, 145, 156, 158, 161,

181, 185, 250, 253, 254.
alienella Busck, 165, 167, 168, 180, 182.
allenella (Walsingham), 146, 147, 150.
alstroemeriana (Clerck), 130.
amissella (Busck), 48, 50, 52, 117.
amplicincta (Brauu), 247, 250, 251.
amyrisella (Busck), 48, 51, 124.
Anchonoma Meyrick, 228, 229.
Anesychia Stephens, 217, 218.
angustati (new species), 164, 165, 166,

167, 168, 184, 186, 189, 191.
Anoncia (new genus), 35, 268.
conia (Walsingham), 268, 269.
diveni (Heinrich), 269.
episcia (Walsingham), 269.
fasciata (Walsingham), 269.
marinensis (Keifer), 269.
orites (Walsingham), 269.
sphacelina (Keifer), 269.
antarctica Staudinger, 266, 267.
antennariella (new species), 47, 51, 52,

108.
Antequera (new genus), 35, 270.

acertella (Busck), 35, 270,
antidectis (Meyrick), 247, 270.
Apachea (new genus), 36, 40, 42, 44,
197.
barberella (Busck), 197, 198.
applana (Fabricius), 68, 69, 70.
arcuella (new species), 45, 46, 49, 53, 58,

60, 62.
arenella (Schiffermiiller), 43.
arenelJa (Walsingham), 80, 81.
argeuticinctella (Clemens), 247, 254,

255, 257.
argillacea (Walsingham), 34, 45, 47, 50,

52, 82, 98, 100, 101, 103.

Arizona, 34, 54, 121, 124, 131, 137, 175,

198, 203, 204, 220, 222, 225, 227, 228,

232, 243, 249.

arnicella (Walsingham), 45, 47, 49, 90.

artemisiella McDunnough, 165, 166, 167,

1G8, 181.
aseriptella (Busck), 36, 239, 240.
f'ssimiliella (Treitschke), 43.
a stigma tica Meyrick, 39.
Atheropla Meyrick, 271.
atomella (Schiffermiiller), 43.
atrodorsella (Clemens), 45, 46, 50, 51,

70.
atropicta (Zeller), 223, 224.
atrnstrigella (new species), 164, 166,

168.
aurorella Dyar, 150, 151, 160, 162, 163.
avellanella (Hiibner), 149.
barberella (Busck), 197, 198.
bassettella (Clemens), 273.
betulella Busck, 165, 166, 167, 191, 195.
hetulinella (Hiibner), 266, 267.
Bibarrambla (new genus), 36, 40, 41, 43,
146, 150.
allenella (Walsingham), 146, 147,
150.

bicostella (Clerck), 230.

hlacella Barnes and Busck, 45, 99, 100,

101.
blackmori Busck, 45, 114, 116.
Blastobasidae, 35, 36, 218, 272.
Blepbarocera Chambei's, 252.
boreaseila (Chambers), 242.
Borkhausenia Hiibner, 35, 36, 239, 240,

252, 258, 259.
aciculata Meyrick, 39.
minutella (Linnaeus), 259.
stipella (L.), 259.

borkhausenii (Zeller), 241, 242, 243.

bractella, 36.

brevivitella Walker, 231.

braunae (new species), 150, 151, 159.

British Columbia, 34, 54, 56, 62, 66, 81,
84, 86, 89, 90, 100, 106, 109, 112, 116,
130, 132, 133, 143, 145, 154, 156, 157,
163, 171, 176, 181, 182, 236, 243, 250,

253, 254, 262, 268, 273.

cajonensis (new species), 48, 50, 53, 82.

California, 34, 61, 67, 81, 82, 83, 88, 89,

91, 100, 113, 120, 121, 122, 129, 131,

134, 136, 137, 181, 221, 232, 243, 249,

262, 267, 270.

Callima Clemens, 254, 255.

callosclla Barnes and Busck, 45, 111,

112, 113.
canadensis (Busck), 48, 52, 104.
canariella (Busck), 218, 219, 220, 222.
canella (Busck), 45, 125, 126, 127, 128,

140.
cmwella (Hiibner), 235.
cancrella (Hiibner), 235.
Carciua Hiibner, 34, 35, 39, 41, 42, 199,
233.
cancella (Hiibner), 235.
canarella (Hiibner), 235.
fagana (Schiffermiiller), 235.
faganella (Treitschke), 235.
quercana (Fabricius), 34, 233, 234.
carltella Busck, 272.
Carolana (new genus), 36, 40, 41, 42,
239.
ascrlptella (Busck), 36, 239, 240.
caryae (new species), 34, 205, 206, 207,

215.
Chambersia Riley, 36, 40, 41, 42, 252.
haydenella (Chambers), 36, 252,
253.
Chrysia Millere, 247.
ciliella (Busck), 218, 219, 220, 227.
ciliella (Walsingham), 83, 86.
cinerea (Meyrick), 231.
cinereocostella Clemens, 34, 165, 167, 168,

171.
ciniflonella (Zeller). 142, 144, 146.
clauseUa Walker, 172.
clarkei Keifer. 45, 48, 50, 51, 66.
clemensella (Chambers), 47, 50, 52, 68.
coffitata (Braun), 45, 128, 129, 130.
coloradella (Walsingham), 247.
Colorado, a4, 65, 89, 121, 131, 134, 178,

198, 249, 253, 254.
comstocki (Kuw.), 258.

INDEX

III

concolorella (Beutenmiillcr), 218, 219,

220, 221, 228.
conia (Waisingham), 268, 269.
Conuecticut, 69, 71, 77, 79, 96, 129, 195,

196, 230, 241, 245.
confertclla (Walker), 200, 201.
coutorminella (Zeller), 56.
contrariella (Walker), 223, 224.
corystopa Meyrick, 39.
Cosmoplerygiilae, 35, 247, 268. 269, 271.
costimacula (new species), 48, 49, 52,

102.
costosa (Ha worth), 45, 46, 49, 52, 113,
cressonnella (Chambers), 212.
cretacea (Zeller), 218, 219, 220, 225.
Cryptolechia Zeller, 199, 200, 202, 206,

218, 219.
cryptolechiella ( Chambers ), 206, 210.
culcitella (Herrich-Schaffer), 134.
curvilineella (Beutenmiiller), 46, 49, 53,

62.
Dasycera Stephens, 236, 237.
Dasycerus Brongniart, 237.
Dasycerus Haworth, 237.
Decantha Bn.«ck, 39, 41, 42, 241.
boreasella (Chambers), 242.
borkhausenii (Zeller), 241, 242, 243.
Delaware, 215.

Depressaria Haworth, S3, 86, 38, 39, 40,
41, 43. 44, 86, 149, 150, 163, 165
(keys), 197.
alieneUa Busck, 165, 168, 180, 182.
angustati (new species), 164, 165,

166, 167, 16S, 184, 186, 189, 191.
arenclla (Waisingham), 80, 81.
artemisiella McDunnough, 165, 166,

167, 168, 181.

atrostrigella (newspcies), 164, 166,

168.
betulella Busck, 165, 166, 167, 191,

195.
cinereocostella Clemens, 34, 165, 167,

168, 171.
clausella Walker, 172.
corystopa Meyrick, 39.
drncunculi Clarke, 164, 166, 168,

169.
eleanorae (new species), 165, 167,

168, 178.
emeritella Waisingham. 180, 181.
grotella Robinson, 165, 166, 167, 168,

192, 195, 196.
heracleella (Zetterstedt), 174.
heraclei (Eetzius), 174, 175.
heracliana (Linnaeus), 34, 163, 164,

165, 167, 168, 173.
juliella Busck, 164, 165, 167, 168,

176, 179.
leptotaeniae Clarke, 38, 164, 166,

167, 168, 182, 184, 185, 186.
maculatella Busck, 165, 166, 167,

168, 193, 194, 196.

multifidae Clarke. 38, 164, 165, 166,

167, 168, 186, 187. 189, 190.
nervosa Haworth, 165, 178.
nymphidia Meyrick, 39.
ontariella Bethune, 174, 175.

Depressaria palousella (new species),
164, 166. 168, 171.
pastinaceUa (Duponchel), 174, 175.
symmochlota Meyrick, 192.
togata Waisingham, 165, 190.
imibellana (Fabricius), 174, 175.
whitman! (new species), 107, 168.

182, 189.
yakimae (new species), 38, 166,
167, 108, 171, 185.
depunctella (Hiibner), 114.
Dermestes, 175.
determinatella (Zeller), 270.
diligenda (Meyrick), 203, 204.
dimidklla (Waisingham), 247, 248, 249,

250.
dimorphella (new species), 46, 50, 51,

94, 97.
District of Columbia, 34, 63, 69, 71, 77,
108, 148, 173, 196, 201, 208, 210, 213,
224, 238, 241, 243.
diveni (Heinrich), 269.
dracunculi Clarke, 164, 166, 168, 169,
dryadorrena (Meyrick), 45, 114, 116.
Drosophila Holmquist, 185.
dubitatella (Zeller), 206, 211,
echinopanicis (new race), 47, 86.
edithella (Busck), 247, 248, 250.
Eido Chambers, 271.
eleanorae (new species), 165, 167, 168,

178.
emeritella Waisingham, 180, 181.
Endrosis Hiibner, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41,
42, 259, 262.
antarctica Staudinger, 266, 267,
hetulinella (Hiibner), 266, 267.
fenestrella Stainton, 266, 267.
kennicotella (Clemens), 266, 267.
Jcennikotella Caradja, 266.
lactella (Schiffermiiller), 34, 263.

264,
sarcifella (Stephens), 266, 267.
suhditella (Walker), 266, 267.
endryopa (Meyrick), 39.
Epeleustia Hiibner, 43.
Eiticallima D.var, 40, 41, 42, 247, 254,
255 (keys),
argenticinctella (Clemens), 247,

254, 255, 257.

flammella (Duponchel), 257, 258,
formosella (Schiffermiiller), 247,

255, 257.
Epigraphia Stephens, 149.
episcia (Waisingham), 269.
cruditella (Grote), 152.
Esperia Hiibner, ?37.
Ethmia Hiibner, 247.
Ethmiidae, 35, 36, 271.
Euclemensia Grote, 273.

bassettella (Clemens), 273.
Eumeyrickla Bu?ck, 35, 271.

trimaculoUa (Fitch). 271.
eupatoriiclla (Chambers), 45, 46, 50, ."1,

74, 103.
Eupleuris Hiibner, 230.

286614 — 41-

-17

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

[VOL.

Fabiola Busck, 36, 40, 41, 42, 242, 244,
246.
shaleriella (Chambers), 244.
tecta Brann, 246.
fagana (SchifCermiiller), 235.
faganella (Treitschke), 235.
faginella (Chambers), 34, 38, 204, 205,

206, 207, 213, 216.
fasciata (Walsingham), 269.
fenestrella Stainton, 266, 267.
fernaldella (Chambers), 200, 201.
fernaldella (Walsingham), 78.
ferruginosa (Zeller), 205, 214, 215.
flaiiiincUa (Duponcbel), 257, 258.
flavicomella (Engel), 46, 49, 52, 105.
fletcberella Gibson, 205, 206, 207, 216.
Florida, 118, 125, 215, 224.
forfieella Hiibner, 230.
formosella (SchiffermuUer), 247, 255,

257
fulva (Walsingham), 44, 45, 47, 48, 51,

53.
fusciterminella (new species), 47, 51, 58,

80, 90.
Garrha Walker, 199.
gelidella (Busck), 45, 46, 49, 53, 55, 58,

60, 66.
Georgia, 224.
Gerdana Busck, 35, 272.
caritella Busck, 272.
gilvella (Hiibner), 43.
gracilis (Walsingham), 126, 127, 133,

135.
grandis Desvignes, 247.
grotella Robinson, 165, 166, 167, 168,

192, 195, 196.
Haemylis Treitschke, 43.
Hagno Chambers, 204.
Hamadryas Clemens, 273.
haydenella (Chambers), 36, 252, 253.
Heliodiuidae, 273.
heraclcella (Zetterstedt), 174.
heraclei (Retzius), 174. 175.
heracliana (Linnaeus), 34, 163, 164, 165,

167, 168, 173.
hilarella (Zeller), 92.
hildaella (new species), 126, 127, 140.
Himmacia (new genus), 36, 40, 42, 202.
dilirjenda Meyrick, 203, 204.
huachucella (Busck), 202, 203.
Hofmannophila Spuler. 34, 36, 37, 40,
41, 42, 197, 258, 264.
pseudospretella (Stainton), 34, 36,
259.
Holoscolia Zeller, 230.
honorella Hiibner, 230.
Hoplitica Meyrick, 199.
Hoplomorpha Turner, 199.
huachucella (Busck), 202, 203.
humata (Meyrick), 219, 220.
Hypatopa Walsingham, 268.
hyperella Ely, 45, 46, 49, 51, 56, 57, 58,

59, 60, 62.
hypericella (Hiibner), 43, 57, 58.
Idaho, 61, 100, 112, 129, 158, 185, 187.
Illinois, 60. 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 77, 93, 98,

103, 106, 156, 175, 208, 210, 213, 256,

273.

Indiana, 175.

Inga Busck, 36, 40, 41, 42, 202, 206, 217,
219 (keys).
atropicta (Zeller), 223, 224.
canariella (Busck), 218, 219, 220,

222.
ciliella (Busck), 218, 219, 220,

227.
concolorella (Beutenmiiller), 218,

219, 220, 221, 228.
contrariella (Walker), 223, 224.
cretacea (Zeller), 218, 219, 220-,

225.
humata (Meyrick), 219, 220.
inscitella (Walker), 223, 224.
obscuromaculella (Chambers), 218,

219, 220, 226.
sparsiciliella (Clemens), 217, 218,

219, 220, 222, 226.
trigama (Meyrick), 219, 224.
inornata Walsingham, 150, 151, 155.
inscitella (Walker), 223, 224.
Iowa, 134, 173, 201, 256.
juliella Busck, 164, 165, 167, 168, 176,

179.
Kallima Westwood, 254, 255
Kansas, 225.

kennicottella (Clemens), 266, 267.
kennikotella Caradja, 266.
Kentucky, 75, 210, 245, 246, 251, 256.
klamathiana (Walsingham), 105, 126,

127, 142, 144, 146.
lactella (Schifeermiiller), 34, 263, 264.
latipalpclla Barnes and Busck, 45, 46,

50, 52, 118.
latipennis (Walsingham), 228, 229.
lecontella (Clemens), 47, 94, 97, 98.
Lepidozancla Turner, 200.
leptotaeniae Clarke, 38, 164, 166, 167,

168, 182, 184, 185, 186.
Louisiana, 77, 215, 216.
lucidella (Busck). 247, 248, 251.
lythrella (Walsingham), 45, 46, 49, 58,

59.
Machimia Clemens, 34. 36, 40, 42, 198,
201, 202, 219, 233.
confertella (Walker), 200, 201.
fernaldella (Chambers), 200, 201.
tentoriferella Clemens, 34, 199, 200.
Macrobathra Meyrick, 271.
maculatella Busck, 165, 166, 167, 168,

193, 194, 196.
Maine, 59, 77, 79, 93, 97, 111, 148, 153,
154, 156, 157, 181, 193, 201, 213, 215,
272.
Manitoba, 56, 63, 78, 104, 106, 130, 145,
153, 154, 156, 161, 169, 173, 181, 193,
262.
marinensis (Keifer), 269.
Martyrhilda, 34, 36, 39, 41, 42, 45, 125,
126 (keys).
alstroemeriana (Clerck), 130.
canella (Busck), 45, 125, 126, 127,

128, 140.
ciniflonella (Zeller), 142, 144, 146.
cogitata (Braun), 45, 128, 129, 130.
culcitella (Herrich-Schaffer), 134.

INDEX

Martvrhilda gracilis (Walsingham),
12U, 127, 133, 135.
hildaella (new species), 126, 127,

140.
klamathiana (Walsingham), 105,

126, 127, 142, 144, 146.

nivalis (Braun), 45, 126, 127, 139.
sciadopa (Meyrick), 45, 105, 126,

127, 144.

sordidella (new species), 126, 127,

132, 140.
sphaeralceae (new species), 34, 125,

127, 137, 138.
thoracefasciella (Chambers), 126,

127, 136.
thoracenigraeella (Chambers), 126,

127, 135.
imibraticostella (Walsingham), 125,
126, 127, 130.
Martyriiiga Busck, 36, 40, 41, 42, 228.

latipennis (Walsingham), 228, 229.
Maryland, 57, 63, 69, 75, 77, 93, 96, 103,
108, 148, 153, 201, 208, 210, 213, 224,
230, 238, 241, 245, 256.
Massachusetts, 71. 77, 79, 93, 96, 97, 111,
158, 176, 181, 201, 210, 213, 243, 245,
253.
Mathildana (new genus), 35, 36, 40, 41,
42, 236.
newmanella (Clemens), 36, 236,
237.
mcdunnoughi (new species), 150, 151,

162.
megamicrella Dyar, 150, 151, 157, 160.
melichlora Meyrick. 271.
merriccella Dyar, 150, 151, 152, 153.
Michigan, 153, 201.
Minnesota, 250.
minutella (Linnaeus), 259.
Mississippi, 224.
Missouri, 77, 173, 210.
Montana, 84, 140, 143, 250, 254, 272.
multifidae Clarke, 38, 164, 165, 166, 167,

168, 186, 187, 189, 190.
muricolorella (Busck), 48, 50, 53, 64.
murmurans (Meyrick), 39.
Nebraska, 117.

nebulosa (Zeller), 48. 49, .52, 75, 110.
nervosa Haworth, 165, 178.
Nevada, 221, 262, 268.
New Brunswick, 54. 59, 100, 181.
New Hamshire, 69, 71, 77, 79, 93, 111,
129, 145, 148, 154, 173, 201, 213, 215,
238, 241, 251, 256.
New Jersey, 63, 71, 77, 106, 148, 153, 156,
176, IV.Q, 201, 208, 210, 213, 238, 241,
256, 258.
newmanella (Clemens), 36, 236, 237.
New Mexico, 131, 177, 178, 198, 228.
New York, 63, 69, 71, 77, 79, 93, 96, 111,
129. 145, 148, 153, 154, 156, 158. 161,
176, 181, 193, 195, 202, 208, 213, 224,
230, 238, 241. 246, 256, 258, 268.
New Zealand, 34, 267.
nigrinotella (Busck), 48, 50, 52, 101, 102,
103.

nivalis (Braun), 45, 126, 127, 139.
North Carolina, 59, 60, 94, 224, 225, 230,

238.
Northwest Territories, 141.
Nova Scotia, 59, 78, 80, 94, 148, 173, 170,

181.
novi-mundi (Walsingham), 48, 50, 87.
nubiferella (Walsingham), 45, 46, 49,

60.
nymphidia Meyrick, 39.
obscuromaculella (Chambers), 218, 219,

220, 226.
obsoletella (Zeller), 205, 206, 207, 208,

209, 211.
ocellana (Fabricius), 43.
Oecophora Latreille, 35, 36, 237.
Oecophoridae, 33, 35, 36, 271, 272.
Oecogouia Stainton, 228.
Ohio, 72, 75, 77, 94, 102, 103, 153, 160,
195, 202, 208, 209, 210, 215, 239, 251,
256.
ontariella Bethune, 174, 175.
Ontario, 54, 56, 59, 63, 09, 72, 78, 80, 94,
97, 100, 102, 103, 106, 116, 143, 145,
148, 156, 161, 173, 176, 179, 181, 19S,
195, 106, 202, 208, 217, 239, 246, 273.
Oregon, 61, 66, 84, 88, 100, 121, 131, 143,

176, 181, 250, 262, 268.
oregouensis (new species), 47, 50, 53, 56,

65.
orites (Walsingham), 269.
packardeUa (Clemens), 150, 151, 155.
pallidella (Busck), 45, 47, 50, 53, 82, 88.
palousella (new species), 164, 166, 168,

171.
Pancalia Stephens, 247.
Paratheta Meyrick, 39.

astigmatica Meyrick, 39.
pastinacella (Duponchel), 174, 175.
Pennsylvania, 63, 69, 71, 75, 77, 79, 94,
95, 96, lOO, 106, 148, 153, 154, 156, 158,
161, 173, 176, 193, 195, 196, 202, 208,
210, 213, 224, 230, 239, 241, 246, 251,
252, 256, 262.
pergandeella (Busck), 48, 49, 116.
pergandeella Busck (Triclonella), 270.
Phibalocera Stephens, 233.
Phryganeutis Meyrick, 231.
Pinaris Hiibner, 43.
Pleurota Hiibner, 36, 39, 41, 42, 230.

albastrigulella (Kearfott), 231.
plmnmerella Busck, 45, 74, 75, 76.
posticella (Walsingham), 46, 49, 51, 119.
Protasis Herrich-Schiiifer, 231.
Pseudococcus West wood, 258.

comstocki (Kuw.), 258.
pseudospretella (Stainton). 34, 36, 259.
Psilocorsis Clemens, 34. 36, 37, 38, 40, 42,
202, 204, 206 (keys).
caryae (new species), 34, 205, 206,

207, 215.
cressonella (Chambers), 212.
cryptolechiella (Chambers), 206,

210.
dubitatella (Zeller), 206, 211.
faginella (Chambers), 34, 38, 204,
205, 206, 207, 213. 216.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

[VOL.

Psilocorsis ferruffinosa (Zeller), 205,
214, 215.
fletcherella Gibson, 205, 206, 207,

216.
obsoletella (Zeller), 205, 206, 207,

208, 209, 211.
quercicella Clemens, 204, 205, 206,

207, 209, 210, 211.
reflexella Clemens, 38, 206, 207, 212.
psoraliella (Walsingham), 44, 47, 49,

52, 121.
pteleae Barnes and Busck, 45, 46, 50, 51,

72.
pulvipennella (Clemens), 45, 47, 50, 51,

73, 76.
punctella (Costa), 231.
quadrimaculella (Chambers), 247, 248.
Quebec, 72, 78, 80, 97, 130, 145, 148, 153,
156, 158, 176, 181, 193, 196, 217, 239.
quercana (Fabriciiis), 34, 233, 234.
quercicella Clemens, 204, 205, 206, 207,

209, 210, 211.
reflexella Clemens, 38, 206, 207, 212.
Rhode Island, 176, 202.
robiuiella (Packard), 46, 51, 92, 96, 97,

98.
rosaciliella (Busck), 47, 50, 53, 83.
rostrigera (Meyrick), 247.
sabulella (Walsingham), 45, 46, 49, 52,

111.
sanguinella (Busck), 48, 50, 123.
Santuzza Heinrich, 228.
sarciteUa (Stephens), 266, 267.
Saskatchewan, 56, 84, 106.
scabella (Zeller), 45, 46, 51, 72, 75.
schaefferella (Linnaeus), 247.
Schiffermiilleria Hlihner, 40, 41, 42, 244,
246, 247, 248 (keys).
amplicincta (Braun), 247. 250, 251.
dimidiella (Walsingham), 247, 248,

249 250
edithella (Busck), 247, 248, 250.
lucidella (Busck), 247, 248, 251.
quadrimaculella (Chambers), 247,
248.
sciadopa (Meyrick), 45, 105, 126, 127,

144.
Semioscopis Hiibner, 35, 36. 38, 40, 41,
43, 148, 149, 150 (keys),
aurorella Dyar, 150, 151, 160, 162,

163.
braunae (new species), 150, 151,

159.
eruditella (Grote), 152.
inornata Walsingham, 150, 151,

155.
mcdunnoughi (new species), 1.50,

151, 162.
megamicrella Dyar, 150, 151, 157,

160.
merriccella Dyar, 150, 151, 152, 153.
packardella (Clemens), 150, 151,
155.

Semioscopis steinkellneriana (Schifter-
miiller), 149, 152, 153.
strignlana (Fabricius), 157.
senicionella (Busck), 48, 50, 52, 107.
serrae Clarke, 45, 88, 90.
shaleriella (Chambers), 244.
Slganorosis Walleugren, 164.
sincerella (Walker), 199.
solidaginis (Walsingham), 76.
sordidella (new species), 126, 127, 132,

140.
South Dakota, 134.
sparsiciliella (Clemens), 217, 218, 219,

220, 222, 226.
sphacelina (Keifer), 269.
sphaeralceae (new species), 34, 125, 127,

137, 138.
steinkellneriana (Schiffermiiller), 149,

152, 153.
stipella (Linnaeus), 259.
strignlana (Fabricius), 157.
suMlteUa (Walker), 266, 267.
sulphurella (Fabricius), 237.
symmochlota Meyrick, 192.
tecta Braun, 246.
teutoriferella Clemens, 199, 200.
terinella Barnes and Busck, 45, 88, 90.
testifica (Meyrick), 45, 56. 57.
Texas, 119, 134, 203, 204, 210, 216, 224,

225, 226, 227.
thelmae (new species), 47, 51, 96.
Thema IMeyrick, 231.
thoracefasciella (Chambers), 126, 127,

136.
thoracenigraeella (Chambers), 126, 127,

135.
Tichouia Hiibner, 43.
togata Walsingham, 165, 190.
Triclonella Busck, 35, 247, 269.
antidectis (Meyrick), 247, 270.
determinatella (Zeller), 270.
pergandeella Busck, 270.
trigama (Meyrick), 219, 224.
trimaculella (Fitch), 271.
umbellana (Fabricius), 174, 175.
umbra ticostella (Walsingham), 125. 126,

127, 130.
Utah, 89, 131, 176, 178, 185, 250.
Vermont, 69, 71, 215, 239.
Virginia, 57, 77, 108. 148, 202, 208, 210,

216, 224, 238, 239, 246, 251.
walsinghamella (Busck), 47, 50, 53, 78.
Washington, 61, 65, 66, 84. 86, 89, 90, 91,

100, 109, 116. 122, 129, 131, 139, 140, 143,

162. 170, 171, 17G, 178, 183, 184, 185,
186, 187, 190, 236, 250, 262, 268.
whitmani (new species), 167, 168, 182,

189.
Wisconsin, 69, 71, 77, 79.
Wyoming, 140.
yakimae (new species), 38, 166, 167, 168,

171, 185.
yeatiana, 80.
zatrephes (Turner), 200.

INDEX TO FOOD PLANTS

alatiim Pursh (Lythrum), 60.
Aluus (Tourn.) Hill, 148.
americana Walt. (Corylus), 193.
americanuin Mill. (Xanthoxylum), 102.
Amorpha L., 98.

fruticosa L., 98.
Amyri.s P. Br., 125.

floridana Nutt., 125.
Augelica L., 175.
aiigustatum Coult. and Rose {Loma-

iiiim), 190.
angustifolia (Vahl.) (Arnica), 91.
Anteunaria Gaertn., 109, 129.

luzuloides T. and G., 109, 129.
Apple, 143, 201, 236.
Arnica L., 91.

ansustifolia (Vahl.), 91.
Artemisia L., 67, 170, 181, 182.

dracunculoides Pursh, 170.

vulgaris L., 67.
asplenifolia L. (Myrica), 71, 72, 79.
aureus L. (Senecio), 108.
Balsamorhiza Hook., 131, 132.

sagittata (Pursh) Nutt., 131, 132.
Baptisia Vent., 95.

tinctoria R. Brown, 95.
Beech, 34.

Betula (Tourn.) L., 196.
Bidens L., 71.

frondosa L., 71.
Birch, 148.
brevipes (Coult. and Rose) Suksdorf

(Osmorhiza), 84.
carolinensis Mill. (Myrica), 79.
Carum L., 173.

carvi L., 173.
Carya Nutt., 34, 102, 216.

ovata (Mill.) Koch., 34, 216.

pecan Aschers. and Graebn., 34, 216.
Castanea (Tourn.) Hill, 34, 216.

dentata (Marsh) Borkh., 201.
Cephalanthus L., 201.

oecidentalis L., 201.
Cereals, 34, 262.
Cicuta L., 177.

oecidentalis Greene, 177.
Cherry, 201.
Chestnut, 209.
Coreopsis L., 72.
Carylns (Tourn.) L., 193.

americana Walt., 193.
Cotoneaster Rupp., 236.

pyracantha (L.), 236.
Cynoglossum (Tourn.) L., 81.

grande Dougl. ex Lehm., 81.
Cystisus L.. 115.

scoparius (L.) Link., 115.
Dahlia, 34.

Dates, 262.

dentata (Marsh) Borkh. (Castanea),

201.
divaricata (Britt.) Nutt. (Osmorhiza),

84.
dracunculoides Pursh (Artemisia), 170.
Echinopanax Dene, and Planch., 84, 85.

horridum (Smith) Dene, and
Planch., 84, 86.
Elder, 256.
Elm, 201, 256.
Erigeron L., 91.
Eriophyllum Lag., 112.

lanatum typicum Constance, 112,
113.

stachaedifolium Lag., 112, 113.
Eupatorium (Tourn.) L., 71, 72, 75.
Fagus (Tourn.) L., 34, 215.

grandifolia Ehrh., 34, 215.
Figs, 262,

floridana Nutt. (Amyris), 125.
frondosa L. (Bidens), 71.
fruticosa L. (Amorpha), 98.
Genista L., 115.
Gnaphalium L., 129.
grande Dougl. ex Lehm. (Cynoglossum).

81.
grandifolia Ehrh. (Fagus), 34, 21,5.
grayi Coult. and Rose (Lomatium), 65,

187, 188.
Hazel, 201.
Helianthus L., 131, 132,

pumilis Nutt., 131, 132.
Heracleum L., 105.
Hickory, 34, 201, 256.
Holly, 210.
Hoptree, 73.
horridmn (Smith) Dene, and Planch.

(Echinopanax) 84, 86.
Hypericum (Tourn.) L., 61.

perforatum L., 61.

prolificum L., 57.

virginicum L., 59.
Juglans L., 34.
Laburnum L., 115.
Larch, 256.
Leptotaenia Nutt., 184, 188.

multifida Nutt, 184, 188.

salmoniflora Coult. and Rose, 184.
Ligusticum L., 173.

scoticum L., 173.
lineare Michx. (Sium), 34, 173.
Lomatium Ral, 65, 183, 186, 187, 188.

angustatum Coult. and Rose, 190.

grayi Coult. and Rose, 65, 187, 188.

macrocarpum (Hook, and Arn.)
Coult. and Rose, 183.

VIII

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

[vol. 90

luzuloides T. and G. (Antennaria), 109,

129.
Lythrum L., 60.

alatum Pursh, 60.
macrocarpnm (Hook, and Am.) Coult.

and Kose (Lomatium), 183.
macrostachya DC. (Psoralea), 121, 122.
Malva (Tourn.) L., 137.
malveflora A. Gray (Sidalcea), 187.
multifida Nutt. (Leptotaenia), 184, 188.
munroana (Dougl.) Spach. (Sphaeral-

cea), 139.
Myrica L. 71, 72, 79.

asplenifolia L., 71, 72, 79.

carolinensis Mill., 79.
Oak, 34, 148, 201, 208, 209, 236.
occidentalis L. (Cephalanthus), 201.
occideutalis Greene (Cicuta), 177.
occidentalis Torr. (Osmorhiza), 84.
Osmorhiza Raf., 84, 85.

brevipes (Coult. and Rose) Suks-
dorf, 84.

divaricata (Britt.) Nutt, 84.

occidentalis Torr., 84.
Ostrya (Michx.) Scop., 196.

virginiana (Mill.) Koch., 196.
ovata (Mill.) Koch. (Carya), 34, 216.
Parsnip, 34, 69, 175, 176.
Pastinacea L., 175.

sativa L., 175.
pecan Aschers. and Graebn. (Carya),

34, 216.
perforatum L. (Hypericum), 61.
physodes Dougl. (Psoralea), 121, 122.
prolificum L. (Hypericum), 57.
Prunus L., 34, 198.
pseudoacacia L. (Robinia), 93, 94.
Psoralea L., 121, 122.

macrostachya DC, 121, 122.

physodes Dougl., 121, 122.

tenuiflora Pursh, 121.
Ptelea L., 73, 102, 103.

trifoliata L., 73, 102, 103.
pumilis Nutt. (Helian thus), 131, 132.
pyracantha L. (Cotoneaster), 236.

Quercus L., 34, 115, 116, 236.
Red currant, 109.
Robinia L., 93, 94.

pseudoacacia L., 93, 94.
sagittata (Pursh) Nutt., (Balsamor-

hiza), 131, 132.
Salis (Tourn.) L., 34, 100.
salmon iflora Coult. and Rose (Leptota-
enia), 184.
Sanicula L., 93.
sativa L. (Pastinacea), 175.
scoparius L. (Link.), 115.
scoticum L. (Ligusticum), 173.
Senecio L., 89, 108.

aureus L., 108.

serra Hook., 89.
Sidalcea A. Gray, 137.

malveflora A. Gray, 137.
Slum (Tourn.) L., 34, 173.

lineare Michx., 34, 173.
Solidago L., 77, 78.
Sphaeralcea St. Hill, 139.

munroana (Dougl.) Spach., 139.
stachaedifolium Lag. (Eriophyllum),

112, 113.
Syringa L., 201.

vulgaris L., 201.
tenuiflora Pursh (Psoralea), 121.
tinctoria R. Brown (Baptisia), 95.
tremuloides Michx. (Populus), 217.
trifoliata L. (Ptelea), 73, 102, 103.
Tulip, 34.
typicum Constance (Eriophyllum), 112,

113.
Umbelliferae, 33.
Urtica (Tourn.) L., 77.
virginiana (Mill.) Koch. (Ostrya), 196.
virginicum L. (Hypericum), 59.
vulgaris L. (Artemisia), 67.
vulgaris L. (Syringa), 201.
Witches'-broom, 272.
Xanthoxylum L., 102.

americanum Mill., 102.
Yarrow, 181.

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTINS OFFICE: 1941

PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

issued I^JNvA, si^mi h the

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM
VoL 90 Washington: 1941 No. 3108

SYNOPSIS OF THE TACHINID FLIES OF THE GENUS
TACHINOMYIA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

By Rat T. Webber

The genus TacMnomyia was erected by Townsend (1892, p. 96)
for the reception of two new species, robusta and -floridensh. He
designated the former as genotype. Coquillett (1897, p. 118) con-
sidered the genus a synonym of Taehina {= Exori.^ta) ^ as also did
Aldrich (1905, p. 469). According to Townsend (1908, p. 107), how-
ever, TacMnomyia "differs from Taehina in the vibrissae being in-
serted higher above oral margin, cheeks one-half eye height in width,
and abdomen very elongate."' Since these characters vary to some
extent, more important, perhaps, is the structure of the genitalia,
which, as pointed out by Curran (1926, p. 166), are entirely different
from those of Taehina.

The writer wishes to acknowledge the assistance given him by the
late Dr. J. M. Aldrich, who prior to 1926 made a study of the
material at the United States National Museum and was prepared to
recognize Tcwhinomyia., with new species included, but did not pub-
lish because of the appearance of Dr. C. H. Curran's paper (1926) ;
to Miss Daphne x\ubertin, of the Department of Entomology, British
Museum, for the comparison of material with Walker's types; and
to T. H. Jones for the use of material and notes of his making.
Appreciation is expressed also to David G. Hall for his suggestions
and advice. That which follows is the result of the writer's study
of material at the United States National ^luseum, and at the
laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine,
United States Department of Agriculture, formerly maintained at

286601 — 41 ,. 287

288 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Melrose Highlands, Mass., while it was under the direction of
C. W. Collins.

The characters employed by Curran, particularly those pertaining
to the genitalia and sternites, appear to be the most satisfactory ones
for the separation of the species. In order that they may be given
careful study the specimen must be relaxed and the genitalia exposed.
Unless this is done considerable doubt remains as to the formation of
the anal forceps and the lobes of the fifth sternite. In panaetius and
apicata the lobes are smooth distally, their inner edges ridgeless
except at base, where they unite in an abrupt, upwardly rounded
flange. While there is no basal flange in any of the other species,
except possibly foridemis, some of them have the distal portion of
each lobe furnished with a more or less conspicuous ridge along its
inner edge. It is not clearly understood how much importance
should be attached to this structure. Obviously it is subject to
considerable variation within the species, as shown in the case of
cana and acosta. However, in nearly all the specimens of variata
that have been seen the ridges are well developed and provide a good
character for identification. The form of the anal forceps is best
determined by the aid of a crosshatched eye-piece micrometer, which
will forestall any imaginary concept. An additional character is
found in the lengthened villosity of the inner surface of the hind
tibiae, and while applicable only in the case of panaetius, florldensis,
and apicata (fig. 17, g), it is of constant occurrence and readily
recognized.

The females are identified with clifiiculty. With a few exceptions
the species, even in the males, appear more or less similar, and fre-
quently their identity is doubtful. Since several of them occur simul-
taneously in the same region, association of sexes has but little value.

Little is known regarding the biology of the species. Townsend
(1911, p. 141) tentatively placed Tachinomyia in his meigeniine
series, species that glue a flattened macrotype ^gg to the body of
the host. Several of the species have been occasionally bred from
lepidopterous larvae, but records of rearing are rare in comparison to
the field abundance of the flies, wdiich are among the earliest vernal
tachinids. Aldrich regarded T. panaetms^ sensu lato^ as one of the
commonest North American species. In New England there is a
single generation, the species passing the winter as puparia.

The generic characters of Tachinomyia are as follows : Eyes bare,
although frequently thinly pilose in freshly emerged specimens;
facial ridges bristly on at least the lowest third, usually about two-
thirds way, but in no instance meeting the lowest f rontals ^ ; ocellar

"^ Allophorocera montana Smith (191T, p. 140), which Aldrich (1927, p. 21) believed
to be a Tachinomyia, can be excluded from the genus by this character as well as others.

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 289

bristles present, directed forward, no orbital bristles in male; antenna
reaching lowest fourth of face, third segment at apex, outwardly
truncate, inwardly rounded; second segment somewhat elongate, in
female sometimes more than one-half length of third; arista bare,
second segment short; frontal bristles extending below base of third
antennal joint; front without evenly paired reclinate bristles outside
of frontal row ; no outer vertical bristle in male ; paraf acialia bare, at
narrowest part ranging from less than one-half to more than one-half
distance between vibrissae ; face moderately to strongly receding ; pro-
boscis short, fleshy; cheeks usually broad, never less than one-fifth
eye height ; vibrissae situated on or usually above oral margin ; palpi
well-developed. Thorax with three or four dorsocentral and three
sternopleural bristles; pteropleural bristle normal; apical scutellur
bristles present ; infra squamal spinules absent. Abdomen black or
brownish in ground color, poUinose, decidedly elongated in male,
shorter and stouter in female ; median marginal macrochaetae present
on all segments, second segment never with more than four macro-
chaetae ; discal macrochaetae absent in all except dakotensU ; no ven-
tral carina, male hypopygium prominent, anal forceps azygous; lobes
of tenth sternite broad at base, each terminating in a small fingerlike
process at each side of the hooklike anal forceps. Hind tibia irregu-
larly ciliate, middle tibia with two or more strong bristles on outer
front side, near middle ; claws and pulvilli in male conspicuously long.
Wings long, with the usual tachinid venation; first posterior cell
open, ending considerably before apex of wing; bend of fourth vein
destitute of a distinct appendage but frequentlj^ with a faint fold;
last section of fifth vein less than one-half as long as the precedin
veins bare except base of third.

to 5

KEY TO SPECIES OF TACHINOMYIA

MALES

1. Abdomen without discal macrochaetae 2

Abdomen with discal macrochaetae dakotensis, new species

2. Abdomen black ; two reclinate upper frontal bristles 3

Abdomen broadly red at sides, fourth segment wholly red except

at base; three reclinate upper frontal bristles; parafacialia
at narrowest less than one-half width of third antennal seg-
ment (Florida) fioridensis Townsend

3. Hind tibiae inwardly with long villosity (fig. 17, g), the villi

often over twice the tibial width in length ; lobes of fifth ster-
nite, at base, with conspicuous flange 4

Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity, the villi scai'cely the
tibial width in length; lobes of fifth sternite without basal
flange, their inner edges smooth or with a conspicuous elon-
gated ridge 5

290 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

4. Each half of anal forceps (fig. 17, a) viewed in profile straight

on posterior edge for six-sevenths of its length, then gently
curving inwardly and abruptly tapering to terminus— panaetius (Walker)
Each half of anal forceps (fig. 17, e) viewed in profile straight
on i)osterior edge for about one-half its length, then strongly
curved inwardly and tapering to a fine point apicata Curran

5. Frontalia at middle of front about equal to or narrower than

parafrontalia ; hairs of cheeks predominantly pale ; bristles of
facial ridges often weak and depressed ; face and front usually

with a slight yellowish cast 6

Frontalia at middle of front at least as wide as parafrontalia ;
hairs of cheeks predominantly black, comparatively long;
bristles of facial ridges strong and erect; face and front
silvery; a comparatively black, thinly gray-poll inose, western
species similis (Williston)

6. Second genital segment orange-red 8

Second genital segment black, usually reddish below 7

7. Viewed from the side the anal forceps (fig. 17, f) strongly

incurved, their posterior surfaces moderately to densely pilose

and often obscured in outline acosta, new species

Viewed from the side the anal forceps (fig. 17, 6) comparatively
straight, tapering abruptly to terminus, their posterior sur-
faces moderately pilose and distinct in outline nigricans, new species

8. Parafacialia at narrowest part at least equal to if not wider

than one-half distance between vibrissae ; second antenual
segment mostly reddish brown ; lobes of fifth sternite usually
smooth or with inconspicuous ridges on their inner edges- cana, new species
Parafacialia at narrowest part less than one-half distance
between vibrissae; second antennal segment mostly black;
lobes of fifth sternite usually with conspicuous ridges on
their inner edges variata Curran

FEMALES

1. Abdomen without discal macrochaetae 2

Abdomen with discal macrochaetae dakotensis, new species

2. Posterior border of fourth segment fringed with long bristles

of unequal length 3

Posterior border of fourth segment fringed with closely set,
short bristles of nearly equal length ; front wider than eye
and widening slowly to base of antennae apicata Curran

3. Frontalia at middle of front narrower than parafrontalia,

usually brownish ; hairs of cheeks predominantly pale 4

Frontalia at middle of front at least as wide as parafrontalia,
usually black ; hairs of cheeks predominantly black, compara-
tively long; fourth abdominal segment black, mottled with
gray-poUinose areas; face and front silvery iX)lliuose without
yellowish cast; western species similis (Williston)

4. Posterior preintraalar bristle well-developed; front widening

slowly to base of antennae; cheeks about one-third the eye

height; usually four dorsocentrals 5

Posterior preintraalar bristle absent or vestigial ; usually three

dorsocentrals 6

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 291

5. Front at vertex over one-third the head width ; sides of front

with a few scattered pale hairs panaetius (Walker)

Front at vertex about or less than one-third the head width ;

sides of front with many fine hairs species near panaetius (Walker)

6. Front at vertex less than one-third the head width, with parallel

margins; cheeks narrow, hardly one-fourth the eye height-- variata Curran
Front at vertex over one-third the head width and widening
slowly to base of antennae species near variata Curran

TACHINOMYIA PANAETIUS (Walker)

Figure 17, a

Tachina panaetius Walkeir, List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the

collection of the British Museum, pt. 4, p. 767, 1849.
Tachina pansa Walker, ibid., p. 787.
Tachina violcnta Walker, ibid., p. 788.
Tachina irrequieta Walker, ibid., p. 789.
Tachinomyia robusta Townsend, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 19, p. 90, 1892.

Townsend (1936, p. 281) considers Tachinomyia rohusta a synonym
of Tachina panaetius Walker. In 1929 Aldrich (1931, p. 13) studied
Walker's types at the British Museum and formed the same con-
clusions. The type of panaetius is a single female from Nova Scotia.
Since the females of rohusta are not readily recognized from other
closely allied species, this synonymy may be questioned. Aldrich
also believed that Tachina irrequista Walker, T. pansa Walker, and
T. violenta Walker were likewise synonymous with panaetius Walker.
The type of irrequieta is a female, and the same doubt exists as in
the case of panaetius. The types of pansa and violenta are males, and
although the genitalia have not been relaxed, it is believed that
Aldrich was correct in his synonymy. Furthermore, a cotype speci-
men of pansa is in the United States National Museum collection
and it is identical with rohusta Townsend.

In an attempt to clear up this synonymy, specimens of the various
species, with a key for their separation, was sent to Miss Aubertin
at the British Museum. The results of this correspondence, while
not entirely satisfactory, were in effect that the preceding synonymy
was justified.

A cotype of Tachinomyia rohusta Townsend, from Brookings, S.
Dak. (Aldrich), is in the United States National Museum collection.
It is a male and characterized as follows : Inner side of hind tibia with
long villi; lobes of fifth sternite with distinct basal flange; fourth
sternite convexly produced; second genital segment reddish black;
anal forceps as figured (fig. 17, a) ; fourth abdominal segment black,
mottled with thin grayish pollen ; four dorsocentrals ; posterior prein-
traalar bristle- present; second segment of antenna brownish, about

- The posterior preintraalar bristle equals tbe posterior sublatoral bristle of Curran.

292 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

one-half the length of third ; paraf acialia at narrowest part compared
with distance between vibrissae as 11.0 : 19.8 (average of six) ; cheeks
one-third or more of eye height.

Thirty-five other males, with the essential characters of the cotype,
show a slight variation. In all but two specimens, in which there were
three on one side, there were four dorsocentrals ; the posterior preintra-
alar bristle was usually strong but sometimes only a hair. Twenty-
nine specimens had the second genital segment black, tinged with red
above and wholly red beneath. In the others it was either wholly red
or black above. Thirty-two flies had the second antennal segment
reddish or reddish brown and in three it was black, tinged with red.
Thirty-three had the facial ridges bristly for two-thirds their way and
in two on the lowest third. Length, 10-16 mm.

Female. — Front at vertex 0.37 and 0.36 of the head width in
two specimens; paraf rontalia lightly golden pollinose, sparsely be-
set with pale hairs; inner and outer verticals developed; orbitals
strong; frontals nine in number, strong; paraf acialia silvery polli-
nose with slight golden cast, at narrowest part compared Avith dis-
tance between vibrissae as 9.5:18.5 (average of two); cheeks one-
third of eye height ; second antennal segment mostly black, about one-
half length of third; thorax black, grayish pollinose with brownish
tinge above, pleurae more grayish ; four dorsocentrals ; posterior pre-
intraalar bristle present; abdomen black, intermediate segments
grayish pollinose with trace of brown, particularly at apices; last
segment wholly chalky white pollinose. Abdominal macrochaetae
as follows: One fly has a median pair on the basisegment; otherwise
the first and second segments each has one marginal pair ; third with a
marginal row; fourth with a row of discal or submarginal onas
besides the marginal row of moderately long bristles of unequal
length.

Remarks. — The foregoing description of the female of panaetius
is from two specimens captured in coitu at Melrose Highlands, Mass.,
in May 1934. Other descriptions of the female of Tachinomyia
panaetius have been given by Townsend (1915, p. 103) and Curran
(1926, p. 169).

Material examined. — At the United States National Museum there
are 62 males from various localities in the United States and Canada
east of the Rocky Mountains. There do not appear to be any speci-
mens from the Southern or Southwestern States. Six males and
two females of the Melrose Highlands laboratory collection are from
Massachusetts and New Jersey localities.

Hosts. — The writer has not seen any bred specimens that could
be positively identified as panaetius. There are, however, in the

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 293

Melrose Higlilands collection,^ females of species near panaetius bred
by J. V. Schaffner, Jr., et al, from GraptoUtha antermata Walker
G. M. L. 12161 Tl) ; Orthosia hibisci Guene^, form imciens Walker
(G. M. L. 12164 K14) ; Catocala sp. (G. M. L. 11707 M3) ; noctuid
(G. M. L. 11707 J8) ; Acronycta hetulae Riley (G. M. L. 11707 M34).

TACHINOMYIA APICATA Curran

Figure 17, e, g, h

Tachinomyia apicata Curran, Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, ser. 3, vol. 20, sect. 5,
p. 171, fig. 16, 1926.

The species is readily recognized by the form of the anal forceps
(fig. 17, e) and the conspicuous flange at the base of the fifth sternite
(fig. 17, 7i). To these characters may be added the follovv^ng: Last
abdominal segment chalky white pollinose with narrow apical border
of black, red, or reddish black; fourth sternite brownish, transversely
flattened, not turned upward; second genital segment orange-red,
rarely blackish; four dorsocentral bristles; posterior preintraalar bris-
tle usually present, sometimes weak or wanting; first two segments
of antenna, base of third, and apex of scutellum reddish ; face and
front silvery gray with yellowish cast of variable shades; para-
f acialia at narrowest part compared with distance between vibrissae
as 10.8 : 20.5 (average of six); cheeks one-third of eye height;
facial ridges bristly one-half to two-thirds way to antennae; frontals
varying from 7 to 10; palpi gradually thickened toward tip; orbital
hairs gray or yellowish gray. Length, 10-20 mm.

Female. — Essentially like male except more robust in form; last
abdominal segment wholly chalky white-poUinose, posterior border
fringed with closely set, short bristles of equal length ; two pairs of
orbital bristles and a wider front.

Matenal examined. — Sixty-nine males and 50 females in the Melrose
Highlands laboratory collection taken during May and June from
localities in Massachusetts and New Jersey. Also 7 males and 15
females in the United States National Museum from Ottawa, Canada,
the District of Columbia, and the following States : New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Indiana, and Missouri.

Host. — Unknown.

TACHINOMYIA FLORIDENSIS Townsend

Tachinomyia floridensis Townsend, Trans. Amer. Eut. Soc, vol. 19, p. 97, 1892.

The species was described from one specimen, a male, from Florida

(C. W. Jolmson). Coquillett (1897, p. 82) included -fiondensis as

'The Melrose Higlilands collection of Tachinidae is now housed in the Forest Insect
Laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine at New Haven, Conn.

294 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

a synonym of Ma-siphya hrasiUana Braiier and Bergenstamm, which
species he phicod in Bioniyia. Aldrich (1925, pp. 108-109), however,
examined the type of flondensk and believed it to be "a distinct
species strictly congeneric with the genotype TacUnomyia rohusta
Town^end."

The original description is brief and does not mention all the char-

aethers necessary for identification. The type has not been seen, but

Aldrich s description (unpublished notes) verbatim follows:

"Tachi'Twmyia floridensis Townsend.

One large male type with label as follows :

Florida

26
Jhnsn.

inw °'"^' 'r!.- ^•'^'''^^''^^^^^ ^* narrowest less than half the third antennal
joint or just about half (in rohusta much more). Cheeks less than half the
eye height. Acrostiehal 3.3; dorsocentral 3.4; humeral 3; posthumeral 2; pre-

(small) ; sternopleural 2.1 ; pteropleural small ; postscutellum distinct.

Abdomen largely red on sides, pollen not in perfect condition. First and
second segments with one pair marginal, third segment with a row of eight
four he^.,ent with a stout row at last fourth and smaller on margin ^rst

darker ZT T! ""'^' '"' "^' ^"""^^ ''^'^^ ^-^' ^airy, the forcep
daiker, not spread; fourth sternite at edge with thin, upstanding brownish
margin, entirely different from that in rohusta, and tiie infiexed ergui aU
with long hair entirely different from rohusta (I am comparing with type
of rohus a) : fifth sternite about a. in rohusta. but reddish. Legs Wack all the
tibiae villous on flexor .lae about as in rohusfa. A good species
(Kansas University, June 4, 1924).
"J. M. Aldrich."

^em.ar^.._The female of fondenm has been described by Town-

fl ^' ''' '''^' '"' '''' '''''''' '' "^^^1^ '^ --^^- the species

irom the description given.

TACHINOMYIA SIMILIS (Williston)

Figure 17, c
^■omery,^ simWs W,IXISTO^■, North American Fauna, No. 7 p 256
Taok«omy„ <.rme„,aUs Cubh.,,, Tran.. Boy. .S„c. Canada, L' a! ™i

sect. 5, p. 170, fig. 17, 1926.

p. 256, 1893.
20,

Itus I°""T'' ^'\^'*'^■' (""published MS.) gave it specific
f^Z ,i"=°''''"'« '» ■>""- ^'"^1 =^s trifled by the writer, Curran's
ocoidentalt.'i is a synonym.

THE GENTJS TACHTNOMYIA — ^WEBBER 295

The following brief description is from a cotype, Sonoma County,
Calif., now in the United States National Museum collection:

Male. — Front and face silvery gray pollinose without trace of yel-
low ; fourth abdominal segment mostly black, mottled gray pollinose ;
cheeks nearly one-half of eye height, clothed with comparatively
long hairs which are predominantly black; hind tibia with short
villosity on inner side; frontalia wider than either parafrontal;
bristles of facial ridges strong, reaching two-thirds way to antennae;
lobes of fifth sternite reddish, without basal flange but with slight
ridges; apex of fourth sternite convexly produced: three dorsocen-
tral bristles; no posterior preintraalar bristle; anal forceps (fig.
17. c) somewhat as in nigricans: second genital segment orange-red;
second antennal segment black.

Forty-one other males in the United States National Museum col-
lection agree well with the cotype. There are usually three dorso-
central bristles although occasionally four are present : posterior pre-
intraalar bristle absent in all but two specimens, in which case it is
vestigial; facial ridges bristly two-thirds way to antennae, rarely
less; vibrissae well above oral margin; scutellum wholly black, fre-
quently with reddish apex; face and front silvery gray pollinose
without trace of yellow; usually three strong bristles on anterior
dorsal side of middle tibia.

Female. — Essentially like male except for the usual sexual
differences.

Variations. — Twenty-one males and 27 females bred by the writer
from Stajmotia solids Linnaeus, collected at Puyallup, Wash., in
1935. show the following variations: Three or four dorsocentrals,
usually the latter, although very frequently the second from the
suture is either weak or hairlike. When three bristles are present
they are often irregularly spaced. Posterior preintraalar bristle
absent in 39 and vestigial in 9. Second genital segment of male
orange-red in all but two specimens, in which case it is obscurely so.
Abdomen wholly black, gray pollinose or frequently, in the male,
with sides of second segment reddish yellow: second antennal seg-
ment black. Face and front silvery gi'ay pollinose in all specimens.
Length, 12-13 mm.

Material examined. — About 90 specimens at the United States
National Museum from localities in California, Washington, Idaho,
Oregon, Colorado, and Arizona.

Hosts. — CUsiocamjya thoracia Stretch : Eemerocam/pa vefusta Bois-
duval; Stilpnotia f^oIicU Linnaeus; Ualhidota argentafa Packard.

296 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. M

Figure 17. — Tachinomyia. Characters

a-f. Lateral aspect of anal forceps of male genitalia: a, T. panaetius (Walker); b, T. nigri-
cans, new species; c, T. similis (Williston); d, T. variata Curran; e, T. apicata Curran;
/, T. acosta, new species,
g, Hind tibia of T. apicata viewed from behind.

A, t, Apex of abdomen with drawn genitalia showing formation of fourth and fifth sternites
in lateroventral aspect: h, T. apicata; i, T. variata.

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 297

TACHINOMYIA VAKIATA Curran

Figure 17, d, i

Tachinomyia variata Citrkan, Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, ser. 3, vol. 5, sect. 5,
p. 169, figs. 14, 15, 1926.

According to Cun-an (1926, p. 168) varmta is characterized princi-
pally by the dense, bristly pile on the lower surface of the anal
forceps, three or four dorsocentral bristles, and absence of ridges on
the lobes of the fifth sternite.

In his description Curran omitted several characters which would
have aided materially in the identification of the species. At the
request of the writer more details concerning the type specimen have
been furnished by G. H. Shewell, of the Canadian National Museum,
where the type is deposited. His description is as follows :

"Length, 12 nmi. Four posterior doi^ocentrals, the second very
fine; fourth abdominal segment black with reddish posterior border,
thinly gray pollinose ; fifth sternite lobes reddish with distinct ridges
on their inner edge; second genital segment reddish; inner forceps
pilose behind (about as in Curran's drawing) ; ratio of second to
third antennal segment 1 : 2.5."

Tachinomyia variata differs slightly from T. cana as follows : The
ridges on the inner edges of the lobes of the fifth sternite are better
developed and apparently more constant in character; the second
antennal segment is mostly black ; the paraf acialia are narrower ; the
anal forceps are somewhat stouter and usually more densely pilose
on their posterior surfaces; and there are usually three dorsocentrals.

Redescription of male. — Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity,
villi scarcely the tibial width in length ; inner edges of lobes of fifth
sternite usually with a conspicuous ridge (fig. 17, i) ; anal forceps
(fig. 17, d) with dense pilosity behind, stout at base and somewhat
similar in outline to acosta.; fourth sternite convexly produced;
fourth abdominal segment black, moderately gray pollinose, with red-
dish-black apical border; first genital segment reddish black, second
orange red, moderately pilose above; scutellum black, apex slightly
reddish; tliree or four dorsoc^entrals; no posterior preintraalar bristle; ■.
cheeks hardly one-third the eye height, with pale hairs; second an-
tennal segment mostly black, third segment scarcely three times its
length. Front silvery gray pollinose, with slight yellowish cast, at
narrowest part about one-fifth the head width; 10 or 11 frontal bris-
tles, the last 2 reelinate ; frontalia narrow, widening gradually to base
of antennae; parafacialia nearly concolorous with front, at narrowest
part compared with distance between vibrissae 7.6:17.5 (average of
six); facial ridges bristly one-half way to antennae; vibrissae well
above oral margin. Length 1^17 mm.

298 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Female. — Essentially as in male. Front at vertex less than one-
third of head width, with parallel margins; two pairs of orbital
bristles; second antennal segment black, third about two and one-
half times its length; cheeks narrow, less than one-fourth the eye
height; palpi slender; four dorsocentrals, the second from suture
weak; no posterior preintraalar bristle; middle tibia with three an-
terior dorsal bristles, the uppermost one shortest; hind tarsi slender;
fourth abdominal segment black, thin gray pollinose, the posterior
border fringed with moderately long bristles. Length 12 nmi.

Material examined. — In the United States National Museum col-
lection there are four paratypes, including both sexes, from Ontario,
Quebec, and Alberta, Canada. There are also six males and one
female from New Brunswick, Canada, and from the following States :
New Jersey, Wisconsin, South Dakota, and Colorado. Also there
are three specimens in the David G. Hall collection from Ohio,
Kansas, and New Mexico.

The material representative of this species in the Melrose High-
lands laboratory collection consists of 10 specimens collected at
Lunenburg, Mass., from May 21 to June 29, 1914; 3 specimens col-
lected at Melrose, Mass., June 1917, May 7, 1930, and May 26, 1934:
4 specimens bearing "G. M. L." numbers 9427di, 9427a\ 9427a-, and
9427b^, which were bred from Porthetria dispar, collected in Massa-
chusetts, July 1925. These flies emerged in Jmie 1926 and were used
in a successful reproduction experiment by T. H. Jones. No. 9427d^ is
the progeny of Nos. 9427a^ ( $ ) and 9427b^ ( 9 ) . There are also
two other specimens from Morris County, N. J., collected May 19,
1936. Specimens of this material were submitted to Mr. Shewell
for comparison with the type of varlata, and according to him the
anal forceps agree with those of variata in general outline, though
they are smaller and more densely pilose behind.

Hosts. — Nephelodes emmedonia Cramer (W. A. Squires, Sackville,
New Brunswick, Canada, June 2, 1929) ; Porthetria dispar Linnaeus
(as preceding).

TACHINOMYIA CANA, new species

This species resembles variata but differs in having broader para-
facialia, a brownish second antennal segment, and slenderer anal
forceps.

Male. — Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity, the villi scarcely
the tibial width in length ; lobes of fifth sternite orange-red, smooth
at base and inconspicuously ridged on their inner edges ; fourth stern-
ite convexly produced; fouilli abdominal segment mostly chalky
white, with narrow apical border of orange-red : dorsum of scutellum
broadly reddish at apex; first and second genital segments orange-

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 299

red; first, second, and base of third antennal sef^ment brown or
reddish brown. Anal forceps long; each half, viewed in profile,
straight on posterior edge for two-thirds its length, hence strongly
forwardly curved; viewed from behind, slender and moderately
pilose; four dorsocentrals ; no posterior preintraalar bristles; thorax
black, gray pollinose with brownish tinge; front silveiy gray polli-
nose with definite yellowish cast, at narrowest part about one-fourth
the head width; parafacialia concolorous with front, at narrowest
part compared with distance between vibrissae 10:19.6 (average
of six) ; cheeks nearly one-third the eye height; facial ridges strongly
bristly over halfway to antennae; third segment of antenna less than
three times the second. Length, 14 mm.

Female. — Unknown.

Typc.—Mix\^, U. S. N. M. No. 53387.

Remarks. — The holotype is from Melrose Highlands, Mass., col-
lected by the writer on May 24, 1932. The two paratypes are both
males from the same locality as the type collected on May 21, 1932.
Other material, in the Melrose Highlands laboratory collection, con-
sists of 25 collected specimens from about the same locality as the type.
Twenty-one of these have four dorsocentral bristles, one has three,
and the remaining three have three on one side and four on the other;
lobes of the fifth sternite smooth in five specimens and inconspicuously
ridged in the rest ; fourth sternite convexly produced ; first two seg-
ments of antenna, and usually the base of the third, brown or reddish
brown ; second genital segment orange-red, posterior border of fourth
abdominal segment orange-red in all but two specimens, in which it
is mostly black ; scutellum black, thinly gray pollinose, broadly reddish
at apex. Length variable, 11-16 mm. Besides the above there are
three specimens of this species in the David G. Hall collection from
Kansas and Arkansas.

TACHINOMYIA ACOSTA, new species

Figure 17, f

In acosta the anal forceps are slenderer than in variata. The species
also differs in having the first and second genital segments as well as
the fifth sternite black and in characters of lesser importance.

MaU. — Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity, the villi scarcely
the tibial width in length; lobes of fifth sternite black and without
basal flange, their inner edges smooth or at most with low, inconspic-
uous ridges; fourth sternite black, convexly produced; fourth abdom-
inal segment not densely gray pollinose but at most moderately gray
pollinose with black apical border; scutellum black, faintly reddish
apically; first and second genital segments black, the latter faintly

300 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. so

reddish beneath ; second antenna! segment mostly black, a little less
than one-third length of third segment; anal forceps (fig. 17, /)
strongly incurved, their posterior surfaces moderately pilose; four
dorsocentral bristles; no posterior preintraalar bristle; front and
upper part of face yellowish pollinose, paler below; parafacialia at
narrowest part compared with distance between vibrissae 7.6 : 18.6
(average of six) ; cheeks about one-fourth of eye height, with a predom-
inance of pale hairs; facial ridges bristly about one-third way to an-
tennae, the uppermost ones very weak; vibrissae slightly above oral
margin. Length 13 mm.

Female. — Doubtfully known.

ry;?e.— Male, U. S. N. M. No. 53388.

RemarTis. — The holotype is from Morris County, N. J., collected
by the writer on May 10, 1936. The two paratypes are both males,
from Eeading Mass., May 26, 1916 (K. T. Webber), and Wellesley,
Mass., June 1, 1909 (J. D. Tothill), respectively.

In 40 other males identified as acosta the lobes of the fifth sternite
are smooth in 19, nearly so in 11, and slightly ridged in 10. All but
one of them have four dorsocentrals. In only one instance is the
posterior preintraalar bristle present. The fourth sternite is turned
upward from the abdomen in all but eight, in which case it is
flattened. Usually the fourth abdominal segment is black, moder-
ately pollinose but occasionally thinly pollinose and indefinitely
marked; posterior border of segment black. Second antennal seg-
ment usually black, in 3 specimens slightly reddish, scutellum wholly
black in 16, slightly reddish at apex in 22, and black, conspicuously
marked with yellow, in 2; second genital segment always black,
sometimes reddish beneath, densely pilose above. The pilosity on the
hind surface of the anal forceps is dense in 23 specimens and but
moderately so in 17. The front and upper part of the face are pale
yellow pollinose, in no instance distinctly golden. In some specimens
the lower part of the face is silvery either with or without a pale
3'ellowish cast. Length 10-17 mm.

Hosts. — Graptolitha disposlta Morrison (G. M. L. 11705 J7) ; G.
innominata Smith (G. M. L. 11705 M8) ; G. a7itennata Walker
(G. M. L. 12161 J9); Graptolitha sp. (G. M. L. 11705 N2). All
recorded at the Melrose Highlands laboratory by J. V. Schaffner,
Jr., et al.

Material examined. — About 45 males, from Massachusetts and
New Jersey localities, contained in the collection of the Melrose
Highlands laboratory.

THE GENUS TACHINOMYIA — WEBBER 301

TACHINOMYIA NIGRICANS, new species
FiGUBE 17, b

Resembles acosta but differs from that species in the structure of
the anal forceps and their lack of dense pilosity.

Male. — Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity, the villi scarcely
the tibial width in length ; lobes of fifth sternite black, without basal
flange, their inner edges smooth or at most with low, inconspicuous
ridges; fourth sternite convexly produced; fourth abdominal seg-
ment not densely gray pollinose but mostly black, mottled with thin
grayish pollen, apical border shining black; scutellum black, thinly
gray pollinose; second genital segment black above, reddish beneath;
second antennal segment black with brownish apex; third segment
hardly twice its length; anal forceps (fig. IT, h) moderately pilose
behind, nearly straight, tapering abruptly to terminus; four dorso-
central bristles; no posterior preintraalar bristle; front and face
silvery gray pollinose, with yellowish cast; parafacialia at narrow-
est part compared with distance between vibrissae 7.1:18.6 (av-
erage of six) ; cheeks about one-fourth of eye height, with pale hairs;
facial ridges bristly about halfway to antennae; vibrissae slightly
above oral margin. Length, 11-16 mm.

Female. — Doubtfully known.

Type.—M^\Q, U.S.N.M. No. 53389.

Rernarhs. — The holotype is from Lunenburg, Mass., coUex^ted by
H. W. Allen during 1916. The two paratypes are from Wellesley,
Mass. (J. D. Tothill, June 1, 1909), and Morris County, N. J. (R. T.
Webber, May 10, 1936). Other material, in the INIelrose Highlands
laboratory collection, consists of 60 males from localities in Massa-
chusetts, some of which are bred specimens. All agree well with
i\\Q, type, particularly as regards the structure of the anal forceps;
the lobes of the fifth sternite are black, practically smooth, or each
bears an inconspicuous ridge; the anal forceps are moderately pilose
behind, rarely more so. There is some variation in the number of
dorsocentrals, 8 out of 60 males having 3 instead of the normal 4.
Of all the specimens examined none had a posterior preintraalar
bristle; the genital segments are black above, usually reddish be-
neath; the scutellmn and second antennal segment are mostly black.
Usually there are 11 or 12 frontal bristles, rarely less; the face and
front are silvery gray pollinose with yellowish cast in all but two
specimens, in which they are silvery.

Another lot of males from Massachusetts localities number slightly
over 100 specimens. All have the vibrissae on or slightly above the
oral margin ; the first and second genital segments are entirely black,
or black above and reddish beneath; normally there are four dorso-

302 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

central bristles; the second segment of the antenna and the scutellum
are black in most part. Length, 0-12 mm.

Placed provisionally with this species is a series of approximately
200 flies bred at the Melrose Highlands laboratory from AlsophUa
'pometaria Harris and other species of Geometridae, All these flies
are much smaller in size than the type but there does not appear to
be any other appreciable difference. Length, 6-10 mm.

In the United Slates National Museum there are specimens from
New Jersey, 1924; J. F. King; Hartford, Conn., May 9, 1916, I. N.
Gabrielson ; ex AlsophiJ-a fometa-ria^ Quaintance No. 16610, Walling-
ford, Conn., May 1, 1920, B. A. Porter; Browns Mills, N. J., July 9,
1926, H. G. Hallock. Also there are one male from Minot, N. Dak.,
June 18, 1918; one male from Lafayette, N. Dak., May 25, 1916; and
one female from Big Stone City, S. Dak., June 8, 1918, Aid rich.

Hosts. — Catocala mieronym'pha form jratercyida Grote and Robin-
son (G. M. L. 11707 L4) ; Gr-optoUtha antennafa Walker (G. M. L.
12161 E14) ; Porthetrla dispar Linnaeus (G. M. L. 9427) ; Ahophila
'pometaria Harris (G. M. L. 10076 and sul>nos.) ; Phigalia titca Cramer
(G. M. L. 10007 C) ; Physostegania ptiMulana Guene-e (G. M. L.
10016 B) ; Eranrih tmaria Harris (G. M. L. 10018 S3). All recorded
at the Melrose Highlands laboratory by J. V. Schaffner, Jr., et al.

TACHINOMYIA DAKOTENSIS. new species

This species comes nearest to nigricans^ particularly to the small
forms reared from AlsophUa poTiietar^ia Harris, from which it differs
in having discul abdominal bristles, brownish legs, and more broadly
curved anal forceps.

Male. — Hind tibiae inwardly with short villosity, the villi scarcely
the tibial width in length; lobes of fifth sternite yellowish brown,
without basal flange, their inner edges smooth; fourth sternite con-
vexly produced; thorax and abdomen black, thinly gray pollinose
with strong brownish cast; fourth segment not densely gray polli-
nose but mostly mottled with thin grayish pollen, the posterior border
black, faintly brownish at sides; second antennal segment and most
of scutellum brown; genital segments orange-red; anal forceps
sparsely pilose behind, their apices strongly curved forward as in
aoosta\ three dorsocentrals ; facial ridges weakly bristled; vibrissae
at or but slightly above oral margin; third antennal segment three
times the length of second ; parafacialia at narrowest part compared
w'ith distance between vibrissae 5.3:14.6 (average of six); cheeks
one-fifth the eye height, with pale hairs; face and front concolorous,
silvery gray pollinose with faint yellowish cast; third segment of
abdomen with one pair of discal bristles; legs brownish black.
Length, 9 mm.

THE GENUS TACHINOMl'IA WEBBER 303

Female. — Essentially as in the male, except for the usual sexual
differences.

ry/?e.— Male, U. S. N. M. No. 53390.

Remarks. — Described from 14 specimens. The holotype is from
Big Stone City, S. Dak., collected on June 8, 1908 (Aldrich), and the
allotype from Lake Metigoske, Turtle Mountains, N. Dak., June 20,
1918 (Aldrich). The paratypes are as follows: Two males, Lake
Metigoske, Turtle Mountains, N. Dak., June 20; one female, Mandan,
N. Dak., June 16; one female, Bottineau, N. Dak., June 20; one female,
Minot, N. Dak., June 18; two males, Wanbay, S. Dak., June 6; one
male. Turtle Mountains, near Bottineau, June 21 (all specimens col-
lected by Aldrich in 1918) ; two males and one female, Algonquin,
111. (Nason) ; one male. Oxbow, Saskatchewan, June 17, 1907 (Knab).

The paratypes agree well with the type, all having brownish legs,
orange-red genitalia, three dorgocentral bristles, and weakly ciliated
facial ridges. All but three have well-developed discal abdominal
macrochaetae, and the scutellum is mostly brownish in all but two
cases, in which black predominates.

Material examined. — Besides the above there are specimens in the
United States National Museum from Idaho, Washington, and Mani-
toba, Canada; also a specimen from Kansas in the David G. Hall
collection.

LITERATURE CITED

Aldbich, John Merton.

1905. A catalogue of North American Diptera (or two-winged flies). Smith-
sonian Misc. Coll., vol. 46, No. 1444, 680 pp.

1925. Notes on some types of American muscoid Diptera in the collection

of the Vienna Natural History Museum. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer.,

vol. 18, pp. 107-130.
1927. Notes on muscoid synonymy. Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, vol. 22,

pp. 18-25.
1931. Notes on Francis Walker's types of North American flies of the family

Tachinidae. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 80, art. 10, 16 pp.

COQUILLETT, DANIEI. WIIXIAM.

1897. Revision of the Tachinidae of America north of Mexico. U. S. Dept.
Agr., Bur. Ent. Techn. Ser. Bull. 7, 147 pp.
CuEHAN, Charles Howard.

1926. The Canadian species of the tachinid genera Ci-yptonveigenia B. B.

and Tachinomyio, Town. (Dipt.). Trans. Royal Soc. Canada, 1926,

sect. 5, pp. 155-171, illua
Smith, Harbison Edward.

1917. Five new species of North American Tachinidae. Psyche, vol. 24,

pp. 137-141.
TowNSEND, Charles Henry Tyler.

1892. Notes on North American Tachinidae sens, str., with descriptions of

new genera and species. III. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 19,

pp. 88-132.
1908. The taxonomy of the muscoidean flies, including descriptions of new

genera and species. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 51, No. 1803, 138 pp.
1911. Announcement of further results secured in the study of muscoid

flies. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 4, pp. 127-152.
1915. New genera of muscoid flies from the Middle Atlantic States. In-

secutor Inscitiae Menstruus, vol. 3, pp. 97-104.
1936. Manual of myiology, pt. 4, 309 pp. Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo,

Brazil.

304

S. 30VERNMEMT PRINTIN3 i

PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

issued ImHTvA- \ffi^i h Ae

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

Vol. 90 Washington : 1941 No. 3109

A HISTOKY OF THE DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE
PALEONTOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL
MUSEUM

By Charles W. Gilmore

The National Museum's Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, a
branch of the Department of Geology, has had a long and distinguished
record of service to the Nation and to science. In the pages that fol-
low there is presented for the first time an extended history of this
Division, beginning vrith the establishment of the Smithsonian In-
stitution in 1846 and covering a span of more than 90 years (including
the year 1940) . The account describes the beginnings and growth of
the Division and shows to what extent it has f uljBlled its mission as a
national institution in assembling, caring for, and rendering available
to both students and the general public the fossil specimens entrusted
to its keeping.

The data included have been compiled from an exhaustive search of
the early records of the Smithsonian Institution, as well as an exami-
nation of its published papers and annual reports, supplemented by
information resulting from the writer's 37 years of service in the Di-
vision (1903-40). In order to make the record as complete as possi-
ble, all phases of its development, organization, personnel, explorations,
exhibits, and records are discussed.

I wish to express my great appreciation for the assistance rendered
by many members of the National Museum staff, and especially to thank
Dr. Charles Schuchert, of the Peabody Museum, Yale University, for
reading the manuscript and offering many helpful criticisms. As the
only surviving member of the Department of Geology of the period

292963—41 1 305

306 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

prior to 1900, he was able to furnish information that otherwise would
have been irretrievably lost.

EARLIEST VERTEBRATE COLLECTIONS, 1846 TO 1886

The history of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology may be
said to date from the year 1846, when by act of Congress the custody
of the National Cabinet of Curiosities, then in the Old Patent Office
Building, was transferred to the Smithsonian Institution. The act
provided that "all objects of natural history, plants, and geological
and mineralogical specimens belonging or hereafter to belong to
the United States," and which were then in the city of Washington,
should be delivered to the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution,
and together with new specimens obtained by exchange, donation,
or otherwise, should be so arranged and classified as best to facilitate
their examination and study. A subsequent act (Sundry Civil Act
of March 3, 1879), decreed that "all collections of rocks, minerals,
soils, fossils, and objects of natural history, archaeology, and eth-
nology, made by the Coast and Interior Survey, the Geological Sur-
vey, or by any other parties for the Government of the United States,
when no longer needed for investigations in progress, shall be de-
posited in the National Museum,"

The vertebrate paleontological material brought together under
these acts prior to 1886 was relatively small in quantity and of a mis-
cellaneous character, though of much scientific interest because of the
number of type and figured specimens it contained. It consisted
mainly of fossils collected by the early exploring expeditions, such as
the surveys under the direction of the General Land Office, 1849-58 ;
the surveys for the Pacific Railroads, 1854-55 ; the surveys west of the
100th meridian under the direction of the Engineer Corps of the
United States Army, 1874; and the United States geological and
geographical surveys under the direction of Dr. F. V. Hayden,
1856-72.

In 1849 Dr. John Evans, an assistant to the eminent geologist
Dr. David Dale Owen, was directed to visit the Maiwaises Terres
of South Dakota and make a collection of the fossil vertebrate re-
mains that up to that time were known only to the Indians, trappers,
and a few explorers. Among the fossils obtained, which were later
submitted to Dr. Joseph Leidy for study, was the Merycoidodon
(Oreodon) of that time.

In 1853 Dr. Evans, accompanied by Dr. B. F. Shumard, again
visited the Badlands while on his way to Oregon for the purpose
of making a geological survey of that territory. At this time he
made a collection of fossil mammals and turtles, all of which were
sent by the Commissioner of the Land Office to the Smithsonian In-

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 307

stitution, whence they were transferred to Professor Leidy in Phila-
delphia for study. Dr. Evans died in Washington in 1861 while
engaged in the preparation of a report on the Badlands fossils that,
he and others had collected.

The vicissitudes attending the custody of vertebrate fossils by the
Government in these early days are well illustrated by an account
published in one of the early reports of the National Museum. Some-
time between 1850 and 1860 an "enlightened"' Commissioner of
Patents, who was annoyed by the presence of a collection of fossil
bones in one of the rooms of the Patent Office, without consulting^
anyone sent them to a mill at Georgetown, where they were trans-
formed into commercial fertilizer. A contemporary connnented,
"Once for thought they there became food for the farmer's plants."'

Among the early collections of fossil vertebrates received was a
small one made under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution
by Thaddeus A. Culbei-tson on an expedition to the Mauvaises Tenses
(Badlands) and the Upper Missouri in 1850. He was allotted $200
by the Smithsonian Institution to cover the transportation costs of
collections made.

Culbertson was a graduate of Princeton Univei-sity, and he visited
this region for his health. He was accompanied by his brother
Alexander, who had long been connected with the American Fur
Co. and so was familiar witli the whole countrj^, and had indeed sent
valuable specimens of fossil manmials to the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia. Thaddeus A. Culbertson made collec-
tions of the recent fauna and flora of the regions visited, and, though
he was constantly searching for fossils, he met with no success ex-
cept in the Badlands at the locality where his brother had previously
found the remains of the fossils sent to the Philadelphia iVcademy.
According to his journal, published in the Annual Report of the
Smithsonian Institution for 1851 (pp. 93-95), he spent only a few
days collecting in the Badlands. The fossil portions of the collec-
tion were sent to Dr. Joseph Leidy for study, the results of whose
investigations were published in volume 6 of the Smithsonian Con-
tributions to Knowledge, 1854. Thaddeus A. Culbertson returned
to his home from this expedition in August 1850 with renewed health,
but soon afterward he succumbed to a prevalent disease after a few
weeks' illness.

Secretary Henry pointed out in the Fifth Annual Report of the
Smithsonian Institution that Dr. Joseph Leidy, in a study of the
Oligocene collections made by Thaddeus A. Culbertson, was able to
characterize the following animals : Rhinoceros nehrascensis, Rhino-
ceros occidentalism Palaeotherium hairdii {^Mesohippus hairdi), and
Agriochaerus antiquus. The type specimens of the second and third

308 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

■of these are now in the collections of the National Museum, but the
fourth has never been definitely located.

A history of the type specimen of Rhinoceros nebrascensis^ Leidy
{Hyracodon nebrascensis of modern nomenclature) by Drs. Horace
and Albert Wood ^ is so interesting that it is worth incorporating
here. I have extracted freely from their account as follows:

Abel (1926)' discusses and figures a skull of Hyracodan "nebrascensis" with
badly worn teeth. This bears the "original" label:

"Skull of Rhinoceros nebrascensis (Leidy) Loc: Coryell County, Texas
A. R. Roessler collected 1863."

Abel states that this is the original of Leidy's figured specimen (1853, PL 15,
Figs. 1-2) from the "Big Bad Lands," and that the label as to collector and
locality is, therefore, wrong. There have been unpublished intimations that
ithis is not Leidy's specimen, belonging to the Smithsonian Institution (Leidy,
1853, p. 14), collected by Dr. D. D. Owen. However, comparison of the specimen
with Leidy's figures, which are of his usual high standard of accuracy, leaves
no possible doubt that they are the same, even the breaks being identical. This
specimen was part of a shipment of allegedly Texas fossils sent to k. k. geologische
Reichsanstalt of Vienna (now the geologische Bundesanstalt) by A. R. Roessler
iin 1868 (Schloenbach, 1868).

Wliat happened may be summarized from the Wood brothers'
account as follows :

Dr. B. F. Shumard, who had been on the Owen survey, was appointed
State geologist of Texas in 1858, and among his subordinates was A. R.
Roessler. In 1860 Shumard announced the discovery in Washington
County, Tex., of fossil materials equivalent in age to those of the Big
Bad Lands, and, as stated by the Wood brothers, "It is entirely reason-
able to suppose that he borrowed typical Badlands material for com-
parison from the collection of the Owen survey with which he had
been associated, although there is no direct proof that he did so."
On the outbreak of the Civil War, Shumard, Roessler, and others
went north. From the evidence presented it appears clear that
Roessler removed certain specimens and maps from the Texas survey
and that about October 1868 Roessler, who was an Austrian, sent a
-collection of vertebrate specimens to the Geologische Reichsanstalt,
among which was the type of Hyracodon nebrascensis.

Professor Abel has since presented the Hyracodon skull to the
American Museum of Natural History, where it bears the catalog
number 22617.

1 Merrill, George P., Catalogue of the type and figured specimens of fossils, minerals,
rocks, and ores in the Department of Geology, United States National Museum. U. S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 53, pt. 2 (Fossil vertebrates, etc.), p. 60, 1907. The type is listed, but there
was some doubt that the specimen was the one that Leidy had described and figured.
It is now known not to be the type.

* Wood, Horace Elmer, 2d, and Wood, Albert Elmer, Mid-Tertiary vertebrates from the
•lexas Coastal Plain : Fact and fable. Amer. Midi. Nat., vol. 18. pp. 129-146, illus., 19.37.

s Abel, O., Paleont. Zeitschr., vol. 8, pp. 241-242, 1926.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 309

These same aiitliors (p. 141) call attention to two other Oligocene
specimens of this same collection in the paleontological collections of
Columbia University. Through the generosity of Prof. G. Marshall
Kay, these have since been returned to the National Museum.

Other parts of these early collections were a very long time in
reaching the national collections. In the Annual Report of the
National Museum for 1888, it is recorded that a small collection of
Wliite River fossils, including the type of Testudo eulhertsoni Leidy,
was deposited by Indiana University. The record is not complete,
but it appears quite certain that after these specimens had been
studied by Leidy they were returned to Dr. David Dale Owen, who-
was then State Geologist of Indiana, where he died in 1860. Al-
though it is clearly evident that these specimens were Government
property, the following statement from the Report of the National
Museum for 1891 (p. 10), is at least of interest.

'•The Owen type specimens of fossils, mentioned on page 759 of th&
report of the National Museum for 1888 as having been 'presented' ta
the Museum by the Indiana State University through the courtesy of
the university, will be retained in the National Museum as a 'deposif^
subject to the order of the board of trustees of the university."

A fire that occurred in the Smithsonian Building in January
1865 burned some stored duplicate Museum materials belonging to
other divisions, but nowhere in the records is it found that vertebrate
fossils were destroyed. Nevertheless, this conflagration has for years
served as a convenient explanation for the absence of certain speci-
mens that were missing from the collections.

In 1858, Dr. James Deane, of Greenfield, Mass., made a request
to Secretary Baird for the Smithsonian Institution to publish his
manuscript on the fossil footprints of the Connecticut Valley.
On account of the expense involved, and the fact that the manuscript
was unfinished, the Secretary was unable to approve the project.
Through the generosity of friends and the cooperation of the Smith-
sonian Institution, this work was privately published in 1861, shortly
after Dr. Deane's death, under the title "Ichnographs from the Sand-
stone of Connecticut River."

In 1859, Dr. J. S. Newberry, as geologist, accompanied the topo-
graphic expedition for the exploration of the San Juan River and
Upper Colorado under the leadership of Capt. J. N. Macomb, U. S.
Army. The type specimen of the sauropod dinosaur Dystrophaeus
videmalae Cope was collected by Newberry in southern Utah, and it,,
with other vertebrate fossils obtained, was deposited in the Smith-
sonian paleontological collections.

The Museum's early r*ecords regarding the fossils collected by
Dr. F. V. Hayden and his geological exploring parties are very in-

310 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 90

complete. In some instances it cannot now be determined whether
the specimens recorded from this source were vertebrate or inverte-
brate fossils.

In 1856, Dr. Hayden accompanied Lt. Gouverneur K. Warren's ex-
pedition for the exploration of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers. It
was on this journey that the first vertebrate materials were collected
from the Judith River formation. These vertebrates were described
and illustrated by Leidy under the title "Extinct Vertebrata from
the Judith River and Great Lignite Formations of Nebraska".* A
few of these specimens {Thespesius occidentals^ Ischyrotherium anti-
quum, Compsemys vie f us, and Trioiiyx foveatus) were deposited in
the National Museum, but for some reason now unknown the others
were retained in the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.

In the Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1856 men-
tion is made that Dr. Hayden revisited the Mauvaises Terres of the
White River and "procured some forms of fossil mammals not pre-
viously discovered." In 1857 the Museum received two boxes of
fossils collected by Dr. Hayden while acting as geologist for Lt.
*G. K. Warren's exploring expedition in the Niobrara Valley. Many of
these specimens were later described by Dr. Jose])h Leidy ^ and are
now in the Museum's collections.

In 1858, Lieutenant Warren deposited 21 boxes containing collec-
tions of animals, plants, minerals, and fossils from the valley of the
Platte, gathered chiefly by Dr. Hayden, but the records do not dis-
close whether vertebrates were included in this accession.

In 1870, Hayden collected some vertebrates along the Big and
Little Sandy Creeks to Green River and from the Bridger formation
in southwestern Wyoming. Cope and Leidy reported on these col-
lections, all of which were finally transferred to the National Museum.
So much of these materials was fragmentaiy that many of the speci-
mens have subsequently been discarded as valueless.

The bulk of the collections of the National Institute were trans-
ferred to the Smithsonian Institution in 1858. The National Insti-
tute, known first as the National Institution, contained the earlier
collections of the Columbian Institution for the Promotion of Arts
and Sciences transferred to it in 1841. For a time it had custody
of the governmental collections, assembled and exhibited in a large hall
in the Old Patent Office Building, from which they were transferred
to the Smithsonian Institution in 1858 and 1862, in accordance with
the congressional act of 1846. No list of the vertebrate fossils that
•were transferred lias been found in the archives of the National

* Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 11, pp. l.".0-l.-)4, 1860.
"* Leidy, J„ :Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelpbia, 1858.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 311

Museum, but in a catalog of the National Institute the following
vertebrate specimens were listed as being exhibited in case 18 :

Vertebrae of fossil Cetacea.

4 specimens of fossil fish from near Astoria, Oreg. (fossil fisli well worthy of the

attention of the curious).
Mastodon tooth.
Fossil skull and fishes.
Bronze bust of Cuvier.

Mastodon tooth from Marianna, Fla. Walter Younge, N. C.
Large ox horn from Missouri.
Fossil remains of the Arctic or North American elephant or mastodon found

in the State of Missouri, 1843.
Numerous tusks (10 to 12 feet long), good preservation.
100 teeth, many of them, weight being 20 to 30 pounds.

In addition to the specimens listed above Leidy ^ enumerated the
bones of a Megatherium from Skidaway Island, Ga., which he exam-
ined in the National Institute collections.' They are as follows : Lower
jaw (nearly complete) with teeth; isolated tooth; temporal portion
of cranium ; annular metacarpal bone ; axis ; cervical vertebra ; 2 dorsal
centra; spinous process of dorsal vertebra; 2 rib fragments; head of
femur; proximal extremities of two tibia; os calcis and several tooth
fragments.

It is assumed that all these specimens w^ere transferred to the
Smithsonian Institution in 1858, at the time the bulk of the other
collections of the National Institute was received. These materials
were incorporated in the private collections of the Institution in ac-
cordance with the terms of its charter, thus becoming the property
of the Government. Now, however, only a few of the specimens can
be recognized, and in all probability many of them have long since
been discarded because of the lack of data as to their origin, locality,
and geological occurrence.

One of the important specimens of this collection, which only
recently reached the Smithsonian Institution, was the type of Delfhinus
calvertensis, for 90 years in the Museum of Comparative Zoology,
Cambridge, Mass. Its history is as follows : In October or November
1841, Francis Markoe, Jr., corresponding secretary of the National
Institute, made a geological excursion in Calvert and St. Marys
Counties in Maryland. From a cliff in the vicinity of Cove Point,
with the help of Dr. Tongue, a cetacean skull was collected. In 1842
this specimen was described by Richard Harlan,^ who named it Del-

• Smithsonian Contr. Knowl., vol. 7, p. 51, IS.jo.

■^ Tinder date of April 2, 1851, a letter from Professor Baird to John Varden, curator of
the National Institute, made a request for the Megatherium bones in case 18, presumably
for Dr. I^idy.

8 Description of a new extinct species of dolphin from Maryland. Proc. Nat. Inst., vol. 2,
pp. 195-196, figs. 1-4, 1842.

312 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 90

phinus calvertensis. On April 29, 1846, the National Institute was
directed by Congress to deposit its collections in the Smithsonian
Institution. In 1850 Jeffries Wyman » announced that Louis Agas-
siz (who was appointed professor of natural history in Lawrence
Scientific School of Harvard University in 1846) was commencing
a study of the Cetacea. At a meeting of the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences in October 1848 Professor Agassiz ^° exhibited
skulls of fossil cetaceans, including the type of Delphinus calvertensis.
In 1858 and 1862 the collections of the National Institute were trans-
ferred to the Smithsonian Institution. From ithis chronological
record, it appears quite evident that the Delphinus skull was lent
to Professor Agassiz for use in his studies of the Cetacea and was
probably in his custody when the actual transfer of the National
Institute collections to the Smithsonian took place.

Recently the chronologic events in the history of this specimen
were laid before Dr. Thomas Barbour, director of the Museum of
Comparative Zoology in Cambridge, by Dr. Alexander Wetmore.
assistant secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, and the former
acted promptly in having the specimen returned to the national
collections. The type is in excellent condition and shows every evi-
dence of careful handling throughout its unusual history. As an ex-
ample of true scientific interest and generous cooperation this re-
covery of an important type, whose ownership was obscured by the
lapse of time and by the passing of an earlier generation of natu-
ralists, is an event of more than ordinary significance.

In 1868 a complete skeleton of Megaceros hihermicus ("Irish elk"),
from the peat bogs of Ireland, was purchased from Thomas & Sons in
Philadelphia, and a fine head with antlers of this animal was received
as a gift from Prof. O. C. Marsh.

In 1872 Prof. E. D. Cope collaborated with the Hayden survey
and explored the Bridger, Green River, Washakie, and Wasatch
horizons in Wyoming, and large collections of fossil vertebrates
were made. Some of these specimens reached the National Museum's
collections, but I have been unable to learn from the published
records what the precise arrangement was between the Interior De-
partment and Professor Cope concerning the disposition of the
fossils collected. In a letter to his father, dated May 24, 1872, Cope
remarked : "I will have every facility furnished by the Interior
Department, expenses paid, orders for men, wagons, beasts, pro-
visions, etc." " This statement implies that, since the expenses for
the trip were borne by the Government, all the specimens collected

» Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 10, p. 230, footnote. 1850.
™Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci.. vol. 2, p. 5, 1852.
" Osborn, H. F., Cope : Master naturalist, p. 183, 1931.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 313

should have become its property. Schuchert, however, offe(rs the
information that Cope received no salary, and for that reason claimed
the fossils as his own. This was not an unusual practice in those
days, as I am told that some of the early ornithologists and biologists
worked under similar arrangements. Some of the Bridger and
Green River fossils of this year are in the National Museum's pale-
ontological collections, but an unknown number were evidently re-
tained by Cope and are now in the American Museum of Natural
History, New York City.

After Cope's death, on April 12, 1897, his entire collection of
vertebrate fossils was purchased and presented to the American
Museum of Natural History. Included were many specimens col-
lected by the Hayden survey that were in Cope's hands at that time.
Obscurity in the proof of o^vnership led the National Museum au-
thorities to accept a compromise settlement whereby in 1908 a se-
lected collection of 99 duplicate specimens, including a mounted
skeleton of the type of Hoplophoneus rohustus and having an esti-
mated value of $3,250, was sent by the American Museum of Natural
History to Washington, D. C. This collection consisted of representa-
tive specimens from the following formations: Puerco, Torrejon,
Bridger, Oligocene, Miocene, and Permian of North America;
Pampean and Santa Cruz of South America,

In 1874, Prof. E. D. Cope was engaged by the War Department as
paleontologist to accompany the United States geographical and geo-
logical survey west of the 100th meridian under the leadership of Lt.
George M. Wheeler. It was on this expedition that he assembled the
classic materials from the Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene of the
Santa Fe marls in the Rio Grande Valley and the Wasatch Eocene
specimens from along the course of the Gallinas River in New Mexico.
All these fossils were shii^ped to Philadelphia for Cope to study, but
after publication of his report ^- they were transferred by the War De-
partment to the custody of the National Museum. They formed a
most important contribution to the paleontological collections of that
time because of the considerable number of type and figured specimens
included.

In 1877, Dr. A. C. Peale, who acted as geologist for the Green River
division of the Hayden sun^ey, was instrumental in bringing together
a considerable collection of Eocene Green River fishes. These were
transferred to the National Museum but later were sent to Professor
Cope at Philadelphia for study and description.^^ The collection re-
mained there until after his death, being returned to the National
Museum bv the executors of his estate in 1898.

'"Rep. U. S. Geogr. and Geol. Surv. West of the 100th Meridian (Wheeler), vol. 4, pt. 2,
lS-7.

" Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. (Hayden), vol. 3, 1884.

314 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 00

ORIGIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF VERTEBRATE FOSSILS AND
ITS LATER ORGANIZATION

In the formative years of the Smithsonian Institution there was no
separate unit that dealt exclusively vs^ith vertebrate fossils, their cus-
tody apparently falling to the lot of vrorkers interested in other sub-
jects. With the establishment of the United States National Museum,
however, vertebrate fossils were placed in the custody of the Depart-
ment of Comparative Anatomy, and such preparatory and exhibition
work as was carried on at that time was done by the osteologists of
that department.

This arrangement persisted until 1887. In that year Prof. O. C.
Marsh, of Yale University, was appointed honorary curator of the
Department of Vertebrate Fossils." Professor Marsh had been ver-
tebrate paleontologist on the United States Geological Survey staff
since 1882, and during that time, under liberal allotments from the
Powell administration and with the aid of a large staif of assistants,
he had made notable progress in collecting, preparing, and describing
vertebrate materials. The first report of progress of the Department
of Vertebrate Fossils appears in the Annual Report of the United
States National Museum for 1891, p. 223, by Frederic A. Lucas,
Assistant Curator.

A general reorganization of the department was inaugurated by
Assistant Secretary G. Brown Goode in 1894, when all the fossil col-
lections were administered under the title "Department of Paleon-
tology," with Dr. Charles D. Walcott, Director of the United States
Geological Survey, as honorary curator and Charles Schuchert as
assistant curator.

The appointment of Mr. Schuchert was of more than passing im-
portance, since for the first time in their history the paleontological
collections were placed in charge of an official paid by the Museum.
Mr. Schuchert, although primarily more occupied with invertebrate
fossils, nevertheless made notable contributions to the upbuilding
and care of the vertebrate collections during his administration of
the section. The new Department was divided into three sections:
(1) Vertebrate fossils, with O. C. Marsh as honorai-y curator and
Frederic A. Lucas as acting assistant curator; (2) invertebrate fossils;
and (3) fossil plants. On this reorganization Goode commented:
"It will now also be possible to bring the work incident to installation
of all paleontological material under one uniform system."

In 1897, with the advent of the head curator system, a further
change in the Museum's organization placed all paleontology under
the Department of Geology, Vertebrate Paleontology becoming a

1* Ann. Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus. for 1887. p. 4. 1889.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 315

section under the Division of Stratigraphic Paleontology, but with
no change in personnel.

The rapid growth of the collection, incident to the receipt of the
Marsh collections from New Haven, and the death of Professor
Marsh iji 1899 led to the appointment of F. A. Lucas as acting curatoi-
in 1901, a position he held until his resignation from the Museum staff
in 1904, From that time until 1908 the collections were administered
by Dr. George P. Merrill, head curator of geology.

In 1898 J. AY. Coleman and in 1900 Alban Stewart were employed
as ])reparators, being the fii'st paid employees to devote all their time
to the preparation of vertebrate fossils. On account of failing health
Coleman resigned in June 1903, and Stewart severed his connection
with the Museum in the spring of 1904. In the meantime, through
the energetic interest of Dr. Merrill, James W. Gidley (1905) and
Charles W. Gilmore (1903) were employed as preparators, and
Norman H. Boss (1904) as assistant prejiarator. The first men-
tioned came from the American Museum of Natural History, New
York City, the other two from the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh,
Pa., all men with previous experience in paleontologic work.

In 1908 there was a further change in the organization of the
Department of Geology, when three divisions corresponding to former
sections were substituted for the Division of Stratigraphic Paleontol-
ogy. The administration of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology
was divided, James W. Gidley becoming custodian of the mammalian
collection and Charles W. Gilmore custodian of the reptilian collection.

On June 16, 1911, the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology again
became a section of the Division of Paleontology, administered by
Dr. Ray S. Bassler. In March of this same year Thomas J. Home, an
experienced preparator and ironworker from the American Museum
of Natural History, was added to the staff.

On June 30, 1924, the final change was made in the organization,
which has since been known as the Division of Vertebrate Paleontol-
ogy, with Charles W. Gilmore as curator and James W. Gidley as
assistant curator, Norman H. Boss as chief preparator, Thomas J..
Home as preparator, and John M. Barrett as junior scientific aide..
This staff continued intact until the death of Dr. Gidley on September
26, 1931. He was succeeded by Dr. C. Lewis Gazin on March 1, 1932..
Mr. Barrett reached retirement age on March 1, 1936, and was suc-
ceeded in August 1936 by Henry Comack, who resigned on June 30j.
1937. This position was again filled by the appointment of William
E. Moran in June 1938.

In the 42 years that paid personnel has been engaged in fossil
vertebrate work in the National Museum, 28 persons have been em-
ployed, of which only 14 were on a permanent status. All. others

316

PROCEEDINGS OF THE jSTATIONAL jVIUSEUM

were temporary employees engaged to do special items of work. In
table 1 is given a complete list of these employees, with the dates of
their appointment and separation :

Table 1.

-Employees of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology and their terms
of service

Name

Title

Appointed or

assigned

Separated

Modeler

May 2,1910
Spring 1919...
Apr. 1, 1904
Nov. 4,1910
June 1,1911
Jan. 8, 1913
Feb. 1, 1898
Aug. 1,1936
1914

Sept. 30, 1910

Feb. 29,1936

Boyd, W. P....

Dec. 7, 1910

Mar. 12, 1915

•Cole, John L

June 11,1917

Coleman, J. W., Jr

do - --

June 30, 1903
June 30,1937

Eastman Charles R

1914.

•Giles Qustavus B

Preparator

Jan. 13,1913
Mar. 1,1932
Feb. 15,1905
Nov. 2,1903
July 16,1916
Jan. 10,1911
Aug. 16, 1911
Feb. 8,1913
Dec. 1,1890
Mar. 27, 1911
Mar. 13, 1911

Oct. 1888

Mar. 23, 1914
May 10, 1887
July 12,1917
June 16,1938
Jan. 11,1932
Feb. 11,1913
1894

July 14,1916

■Gidley, James W

...do -

1 Sept. 26, 1931

Qilmore, Charles W

Feb. 29,1920

Hannan, E. Elmer

Modeler

June 30,1911

Hatcher, John Bell

Assistant

Jan. 23,1912
June 30, 1913
Jan. 31,1891

(Home, Thomas J

Preparator

Hughes, J T

Blacksmith

Mar. 25, 1911

Lucas Frederic A

Assistant curator

June 30,1904

June 30, 1914

Marsh, 0. C

Mar. 18, 1899

June 15, 1918

Moran, William E

Junior scientific aide.

Preparator

Neeh, Paul

July 9, 1932

Nickles, Edward B

-—do

Oct. 10,1916
Sept. 8,1904

■Stewart, Alban

Preparator .

Dec. 1, 1900
Mar. 7,1910

Mar. 12, 1904

Wade, William H

Blacksmith

Sept. 6,1910

In addition to those of the regular staff there have been several vol-
unteer collaboratoi-s who have rendered invaluable service in the devel-
opment of the Government vertebrate collections. The earliest of these
was Dr. Joseph Leidy. At intervals during the period from 1850 to
about 1873, most of the vertebrate material brought together under
governmental auspices was transmitted to liim in Philadelphia for
scientific investigation. These collections were later returned to the
Smithsonian and, as many of the specimens had been described and
illustrated, their importance was greatly enhanced.

In the early seventies Prof. E. D. Cope began his collaborative work
■with the Hayden survey. His entry into the western fossil fields in
1872 led to an immediate break in the hitherto friendly relations be-
i.ween Cope and Marsh, and eventually to the exclusion of Leidy from

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 317

further govemment-al work, Cope practically superseding him in that
respect. Cope was a prodigious worker, as is attested by his many
volumes and reports on vertebrate fossils published by various
branches of the Government. As he also accompanied expeditions,,
the Government collections were greatly enriched by his specimens
as well as by his paleontological studies and publications.

Cope was superseded by Prof. O. C. Marsh in 1882, who became
vertebrate paleontologist for the United States Geological Survey,,
and for 10 years he brought together collections and described ma-
terials that together form the most notable contribution ever made
to the development of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology in the'
National Museum.

Dr. Oliver P. Hay, although never ofRcially connected with the Na-
tional Museum, nevertheless contributed much to the development of
vertebrate paleontology in this Institution (1912-30). Appointed re-
search associate in the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1912,.
he was provided office space in the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology,,
which he occupied until his death on November 2, 1930. His bibliog-
raphy contains no less than 29 papers that were based wholly on-
Museum specimens. In addition to his research,, he made raany gifts
to the collections and was responsible for the acquisition of a number
of unique specimens. It was during this period that he compiled his
Second Bibliogi'aphy and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North
America and the three volumes on the Pleistocene of North America!
and Its Vertebrated Animals.

Dr. Remington Kellogg, while still a member of the Biological
Survey staff of the Department of Agriculture (1920-28), undertook
the scientific investigation of the fossil cetacean collections of the
National Museum, this work being done outside of his official duties
and supported to some extent by grants from the Carnegie Institu-
tion of Washington, These studies have been continued since his
affiliation with the Museum in 1928, and his energetic interest has
been a very important factor in developing the marine fossil mam-
mal collection to a point where it ranks first among American col-
lections of these animals.

Dr. Charles R. Eastman, under the auspices of the Smithsonian
Institution, spent a year (1914) in the study of the fossil fish collec-
tion, rendering valuable service in publication,^^ identification, and
rearrangement.

Dr. Alexander Wetmore began the study of fossil birds prior to
his appointment as Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu-
tion in 1925, and since then he has published continually, much of
his work being based on the Museum's collections. Through his;

Proc. r. S. N.it. Mus., vol. 52. pp. 235-304. pis. 1-23, 19],

318 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

interest there has been a steady growth of these rarest of fossil re-
mains, until at the present time the collection ranks high among
the fossil-bird assemblages in this country.

MAESH COLLECTION, PERIOD OF MOST RAPID EXPANSION,
I 188e-1900

Tlie greatest impetus to the growth of the collections of vertebrate
fossils in the National Museum was the transfer from the United
States Geological Survey of the materials brought together under
the direction of Prof. O. C. iNIarsh^'^ and known as the "Marsh
Collection." Professor Marsh, as United States paleontologist,
worked nnder the auspices of the Survey from 1882 to 1892, and
during that period lie assembled the fossil materials that were des-
tined to form a most important pait in the development of a national
collection of vertebrate fossils. According to Schuchert,^' "the
Powell survey was liberal in allotments for this work, and he
(Marsh) was given about $15,000 each year to pay salaries for him-
self and his numerous assistants — collectors (about 35), prepara-
tors (9), scientific aides (8), and artists — and for field and laboratory
expenses, including large freight bills."

The specimens as they were collected were sent from the field
directly to Marsh at the Peabody Museum of Natural History of
Yale University for preparation and study. The first consignment
returned to Government custody consisted of 72 large boxes, shipped
to the National Museum in 1886 and there placed in storage un-
opened; in July 1891 a second shipment, consisting of 380 prepared
specimens in 33 boxes Aveighing 6,960 pounds, was received. These
were placed on exhibition in a case especially made for them in
preparation for the International Geological Congress meeting held
that year in Washington.

In April 1896 a third consignment, consisting of 115 boxes of rhi-
noceros {Teleoceras) skeletal remains from Kansas, was received and
placed in storage. In 1898, a fourth portion of this assemblage con-
sisting of two carloads was transferred to Washington. At the time
of Professor Marsh's death (March 18, 1899), the largest part of the
collection still remained in New Haven. Shortly thereafter, the
rest of the collections, five carloads in all, was packed and shipped
to the National Museum, formal transfer being made by Dr. Charles
D. Walcott, then Director of the United States Geological Survey,
under date of December 8, 1899. His letter and that of Secretary
•Langley in reply are given herewith in abstract.

^«For full-length biography of Marsh, see Schucheit. Charles, and Le Vene, Clan
"O. C. Marsh : Pioneer in Paleontology," 541 pp., illus. New Haven, 1940.

" Sehuchert, Cliarles, Nat. Acad. Sci. Biogr. Mera., vol. 20, 1st mem., p. 26, 19n9.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 319

U. S. GkOIX)GIC.\L SUIiVEY,

Washingtov, D. C, December 8, 1899.

Prof. S. P. Langley,

Seei-eturu, Smithsonian Institute.

Wafihiriffton, D. C.

De.\k Sik: I have the honor to state that all the vertebrate collections of the
late Prof. O. C. Marsh, belonging to the Government, have been shipped from
New Haven, Conn., and are now transferred to the custody of the U. S. National
Museum, subject only to the use of such material as may be necessary for study
and illustration in the completion of the monographs that were in course of
^reparation by Professor Marsh at the time of his death.

The actual number of specimens represented in this collection cannot be stated.
They range in size from minute teeth of fossil mammals to individual specimens
weighing from 500 to 2,000 pounds each. The collections are rich in Dinosauria,
esi>ecially in examples of Triccratops and Htei/osaurus. while the series of Ti-
tanotherium skulls is one of the best, if not the l)est, in existence. It contains
fifty or more complete examples cleaned, and a number in the rough, besides
manv hundred bones.

Amon- the specimens transferred are the types of forty or more species,
including dinosaurs, of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary mammals. Among the
types are the following : ^'

Dinosaurs

Snakf.s
Coniophis precedens

Diplodocus longus

Labrosaurus ferox Jubassic Mammals

Gamptosaurus nanus Paurodon valens

Triceratops sulcatus

Triceratops calicornis

Triceratops obtusus

Pleurocoelus nanus

Cerutosaurus nasicornis

Ceratops montanus Priconodon crassus '"

Ceratops alticornis Cimolodon agilis

Telacodon praestans
Crocodiles Oracodon conulus

Menacodon rarus
Enneodon affinis
Enneodon crassus
Laodon venustus

Cretaceous Mammals

Ilhytinodon rostratus

AUacodon pumilus

The transfer of these great collections to Washington without the loss of any
material, either through imperfect recording or through misunderstanding as to
owner.ship of specimens, reflects the greatest credit on the businesslike methods
and the integrity of Professor Marsh. The addition of the material to the Na-
tional Museum places it in the front rank among museums in its collection of
vertebrate fossils. It is necessary that some gaps in the collections be filled,
and I sincerely trust that it will bo possible for the museum to do this at an
early date.

Yours respectfully,

(Signed) Chas. D. Walcott,

Director.

" This list is incomplete, as there were 50 original types, of which 21 were reptilian and
og were mammalian. Less than half of the tyi>es of the rare Jurassic and Cretaceous
mammals are listed here, as there were 12 of the first and 10 of the second.

w An error, as the type is in the Peabody Museum of Natural History.

"» Wrongly listed, as this is a dinosaur, not a mammal.

320 PROCEEDINGS OF TK3 NATIONAL MTJSEUM vol. 90

Smithsonian Institution,

December 22, 1899.
Deab Sib:

I take pleasure in acknowledging the receipt of your letter of the eighth
instant, advising me that you have transferred to the National Museum all
the vertebrate fossils collected by the late Professor O. C. Marsh belonging
to the United States Government, subject only to the condition that such
material as is required may be used for study and illustration in completing
the monographs which were in preparation by Professor Marsh at the time of
his death.

The addition of this immense collection of the most important American fossil
remains to the treasures already assembled in the National Museum will, I
am sure, afford the greatest satisfaction to all workers in the field of pale-
ontology both at home and abroad, and you will permit me to add a personal
word in appreciation of your untiring efforts to facilitate in every way possible
the great task connected with the removal of the collection from New Haven
to Washington.

During the coming year I expect to have two preparators engaged in work-
ing out the matrix specimens still uncleaned, and confidently hope that it
may be possible in a few years to have the entire collection made available
for study and a selected series for public exhibition. From this latter series
the public will be able to form a con'ect idea as to the number, variety and
great size of these wonderful extinct creatures of the western country, and
will undoubtedly be impressed with the extent and importance of the work
of the paleontological divisions of the Geological Survey and the marvelous
industry and intelligence displayed by Professor Marsh in bringing together
this great collection.

Yours respectfully,

(Signed) S. P. Langley.

The Honorable Chas. D. Walcott,
Director, U. 8. Geological Survey.

The bulk of this collection consisted of specimens from the Jurassic
(Morrison), Upper Cretaceous (Lance), Oligocene (Chadron), and
Pliocene (Republican Eiver) deposits of western North America.
Lesser lots deemed worthy of special mention were from the Triassic
of North Carolina, Cretaceous (Arundel) of Maryland, Upper Cre-
taceous of Montana (Judith River), Upper Cretaceous of Colorado
(Denver and Arapahoe), Upper Cretaceous of Kansas (Niobrara),
and Miocene and Oligocene of Oregon (John Day and Mascall), be-
sides numerous other small miscellaneous lots.

Many of the specimens came to the Museum either fully or par-
tially prepared, but the bulk of the material was in the same con-
dition as when received from the field. In fact, three years'
collections are still in the original field boxes (49) and have never
been opened. In transmitting the fifth and final portion of the
Marsh collection. Dr. Walcott in 1900 estimated it as comprising
15,000 specimen.s having a value of not less than $150,000.

The Jurassic part of the collections, which exceeded all others in
bulk and weight, was especially rich in the remains of Stegosaurus,

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 49

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 50

NATIONAL MUSEUM

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY— GILMORE 321

Oamptosaiinis, Ceratosaumis, and Antrodemus (AUosaurm) .
These Morrison dinosaurs came from two widely separated regions :
(jarden Park in the vicinity of Canyon City, Colo., and near Como,
Albany County, Wyo. In both instances fossil quarries were de-
veloped that produced specLmeiis for several successive seasons. At
Canyon City the fossils occurred in a thick sandstone layer, and this
deposit was worked from 1883 to 1887, inclusive, under the direction
of M. P. Felch. It was from this quarry that the articulated type
specimens of Ceratosauniis nasicoimis and Stegosaurus stenops and
an articulated skeleton of Antrodemus fragilis were obtained.

In the Como region the famous Quarry 13 and Quarry ISi/o were
fcund by William H. Reed, in 1879. The former was worked for the
Government for a part of 1882 by Mr. Reed ; in 1883 by J. L. Kenney ;
and from 1884 to 1887 by Fred Brown. It is one of the few known
quarries that have produced quantities of stegosaurian and campto-
saurian bones. The following types were obtained here : Stegosaurus
sulcafu-s Marsh, Diracodon laticeps Marsh, Camptosawru^ nanus
Marsli, and C. hrowni Gilmore, all in the National Museum.

Quarry 9 at Como Bluff, famous because of the occurrence of
Jurassic mammals, was worked for a number of seasons by Pro-
fessor Marsh's parties, but for the Government from 1883 to 1885
by Ed. Kennedy and W. Beck. The specimens obtained are, there-
fore, divided l:)etween the Peabody Museum of Natural History and
the United States National Museum.

The Upper Cretaceous part of the collection was largely from the
Lance Creek area of Converse (now Niobrara) County, Wyo., made
under the direction of John B. Hatcher during the years 1889 to
1892, inclusive, and consisted principally of skulls and skeletal parts
of the large horned ceratopsian and hadrosaurian dinosaurs. Even
more valuable scientifically was the large series of teeth and jaws of
the small mammals of this period, among which were many types.

Of lesser importance were small collections made b)^ ]\Ir. Hatcher
in 1887 from the Upper Cretaceous of the Denver Basin, and in 1888
from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River formation in Montana and
Arundel formation in Maryland, each of whicli contained several
type specimens.

The Oligocene part of the collection made under the direction of
Mr. Hatcher covered the period from 1886 to 1890, and the greater
number of specimens came from the Chadron formation of western
Nebraska (Sioux County) and the Badlands of Washington County,
S. Dak. Of the Brontotheres alone there were 158 skulls and jaws
representing many types, besides much slceletal material. The fauna
of the Brule was scantily represented. Tlie Miocene and Oligocene
were represented by a season's collection of 15 boxes of materials

292963—41 3

322 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

from the Mascall and John Day formations in eastern Oregon col-
lected by L. S. Davis in 1882.

The lower Pliocene collections made by Hatcher in 1884 and 1885
near Long Island, Phillips County, Kans., consisted principally of
Teleoceras fossiger, of which there were more than 10,000 bones rep-
resenting all parts of the skeleton. Upper Pliocene was represented
by small lots of material from Hay Springs, Nebr., and from Archer
and Williston, Fla.

At the time of my affiliation with the National Museum in 1903,
the bulk of the Marsh collection was stored in rented buildings in
southwest Washington. The first floor of a three-story brick build-
ing on the west side of Tenth Street near C Street, SW., was then in
use as a paleontological laboratory, the cellar and two upper floors
being completely occupied by boxes and crated trays of vertebrate
material. The study collections of this period were kept in standard
trays arranged in tiers on a balcony in the southeast corner of the
present Arts and Industries Building and in the lower parts of the
A-topped exhibition cases in use at that time. These collections in
storage from 1903 on were rapidly reduced in bulk through prepara-
tion and condemnation of worthless material, so that in 1910, with
the occupancy of the New Natural History Building, the widely scat-
tered storage collections were assembled as a unit for the first time.
On this occasion the offices and laboratory were newly furnished and
equipped, new exhibition cases replaced the old, and steel storage
cases replaced the wooden racks of a previous period. These com-
modious quarters permitted a more systematic arrangement of the
study collections, and for the first time the preparators were provided
with a well-lighted, well-equipped, roomy laboratory (27 by 77 feet)
(pi. 61). These improvements in facilities were almost immediately
reflected in an improved quality as well as quantity of output.

The study collections have more than doubled in size since the
Division moved into the Natural History Building in 1910. There
are now 477 three- and six-foot storage units in use, but in addition
their tops are covered with the larger specimens that cannot be cared
for in standard trays. These storage cases now occupy practically
every inch of case room that can be found in offices, laboratory, and
adjoining corridors (pis. 52, 53), in addition to the gallery erected
in 1930 in the main storage room, which practically doubled its
capacity.

At the present time (1940) all the Marsh collection, except 49
boxes from the Morrison of Canyon City, have been prepared, and
with this exception all the collection is now available.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 323

EXPEDITIONS

Since the inception of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, it
has profited from no less than 68 major ^'^ collecting expeditions, of
which about 30 were financed and directed by the Smithsonian Insti-
tution or the National Museum. Funds for the others were furnished
by private sponsors or by other Government agencies. Of the latter,
the United States Geological Survey has been the outstanding
contributor.

The first expeditions organized by the United States National Mu-
seum exchisively for the collection of fossil vertebrates were those of
1894 and 1896 to the Eocene of Alabama for Basilosaurus remains.
Reports of an abundance of archaeocete remains in the Gulf States
instigated the 1894 expedition, and Dr. Charles Schuchert was de-
tailed to investigate these and to collect if possible a specimen for
exhibition. He was successful in finding a much fragmented skull
and a fine ramus of one and the forward half of the articulated
skeleton of a second individual of BasiJosaurms, together with other
less important specimens. This material formed the basis for the
restoration of the Basilosaunis cetoides skeleton exhibited at the
Cotton States and International Exposition at Atlanta in 1895. In
November 1896 Schuchert again visited the Eocene of Alabama and
collected additional materials of Basllosofiirws, including an articu-
lated series of vertebrae of the hinder portion of the skeleton. From
these specimens was assembled the mounted skeleton that for 28 years
has formed a unique feature of the exhibition series.

In 1904, under A. G. Maddren, and again in 1907, under Charles
W. Gilmore, expeditions were dispatched to Alaska by the Smithso-
nian in the hope of securing a mountable skeleton of the northern
mammoth {Elephas pi^imigenius) . Although neither expedition was
successful in getting an elephant skeleton, important collections of
Pleistocene fossils resulted.

This quest for elephant remains was further pursued in 1915,
when Benno Alexander was employed by the Smithsonian to accom-
pany the Koren expedition to the Kolyma River Valley, Siberia. Mr.
Alexander obtained a nearly perfect skull of Elephas pHmigemius
and a large miscellaneous collection of Pleistocene bones.

Scarcely a year has passed since 1912 when there has not been at
least one expedition in the field in quest of fossil vertebrates. Begin-
ning in 1929, however, the Smithsonian Institution has provided
the means for carrying on annual expeditions, and it has thereby
been possible to plan a definite program. Geographically the ex-

^ By major expeditions is meant those collecting parties that have spent 2 or more-
months in the field and whose energies were wholly devoted to the coUectio^n of fossil
vertebrates.

324 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 9Q

peditions have covered a wide area, collections having been made
in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Cuba, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Mary-
land, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Siberia, South
Dakota, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming.

Although much of the exploratory work of later years has been
done in well-known fossil-producing areas, these collecting activities
have also resulted in the development of important new fossil areas
and faunas. The more important of these are: Jackson, Eocene
fauna, near Melvin, Choctaw County, Ala. (1894, 1896, 1929) ; the
Cumberland Cave Pleistocene fauna near Cumberland, Md. (1912,
1913, 1914, 1915) ; Paleocene fauna from Sweet Grass County, Mont.
(1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1934) ; Pliocene and Pleistocene faunas of the
San Pedro Valley, Ariz. (1921, 1936) ; footprints from the Permian
of the Grand Canyon, Ariz. (1924, 1926, 1927) ; fauna of the Upper
Cretaceous, Two Medicine formation, Mont, (1913, 1928, 1935) ;
Pliocene fauna and development of the famous Plesifpus Quarry
near Hagerman, Idaho (1929, 1930, 1931, 1934) ; fauna of the Upper
Cretaceous, North Horn formation, and Paleocene, Dragon forma-
tion of the Wasatch Plateau region of central Utah (1937, 1938, 1939,
1940) ; Miocene fauna of the Chesapeake Bay area (1905-1940).

Although early collecting was intermittent and consisted largely
in accepting opportunities as they arose, with the exception of the
Marsh collecting parties for the Geological Survey the work of re-
cent years has been planned witli the idea of filling in gaps and of
rounding out the permanent collections, so that they will be more
fully representative of all the better-known North American faunas
and fossil-producing areas. As a result of this planned collecting,
the vertebrate collections of the National Museum are gradually
reaching a standard that is in keeping with the national character
of the Institution.

CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF EXPEDITIONS, OUTSIDE OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTI-
TUTION AND NATIONAL MUSEUM, FROM WHICH THE DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE
PALEONTOLOGY HAS BENEFITED

1849. U. S. Land Office. Oligocene (Brule), South Dakota, "Bad Lands," John

Evans in charge.

1850. Thaddeus Culbertson (allotted $200 for freight by the Smithsonian).

Oligocene, South Dakota, "Bad Lands," Thaddeus Culbertson in charge.
1853. U. S. Land Office. Oligocene (Brule), South Dakota, "Bad Lands," John
Evans in charge.

1856. War Department, U. S. Geographical Exploration of the Yellowstone and

Missouri Rivers. Upper Cretaceous (Judith River), Gouverneur K.
Warren in charge. F. V. Hayden made the collections.

1857. War Department. Oligocene and Miocene, South Dakota and Nebraska,

Niobrara River. Gouverneur K. Warren in charge. F. V.. Hayden made
the collections.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 325

1870. U. S. Geological Survey, Hayden Survey. Eocene, Bridger, and otlier

Tertiary deposits, Wyoming. F. V. Hayden made the collections.
1872. TJ. S. Geological Survey, Hayden Survey. Eocene, Bridger, and other

Tertiary basins, Wyoming. E. D. Cope made the collections.
1874. War Department, U. S. Geogx-aphical Surveys West of the 100th Meridian.

Eocene (Wasatch), Miocene and Lower Pliocene, New Mexico, G. M.

Wheeler in charge. E. D. Cope, assisted by H. C. Yarrow, made the

collections.

1882. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 13,"' W. H. Reed in charge.

1883. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 13," 6 miles from Como, J. L. Keuney in charge.
TT. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"
near Canyon City, M. P. Pelch in charge.

1884. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 13," 6 miles from Como, Fred Brown in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 9," Como Bluff, Ed Kennedy in charge, assisted by W. Beck.
V. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"

near Canyon City, M. P. Felch in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Lower Pliocene (Republican River), Kansas,

Phillips County, Long Island, ''Teleoceros Quarry," J. B. Hatcher in

charge.

1885. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 13," 6 miles from Como, Fred Brown in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Mon-ison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"

near Canyon City, M. P. Felch in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Lower Pliocene (Republican River), Kansas,
Phillips County, Long Island, "Teleoceras Quarry," J. B. Hatcher in

charge.
18S6. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry IS," 6 miles from Como, Fred Brown in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"

near Canyon City, M. P. Felch in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Oligocene (Chadron chiefly), Nebraska and South

Dakota, J. B. Hatcher in charge.

1887. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 13," 6 miles from Como, Fred Brown iu charge.
U. S- Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"

near Canyon City, M. P. Felch in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Denver), Colorado, near

Denver, J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Oligocene (Chadron), South Dakota and

Nebraska, J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Cretaceous (Arundel), Maryland, near Beltsville,

J. B. Hatcher in charge.

1888. U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Colorado, "Garden Park,"

near Canyon City, M. P. Felch in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Oligocene, South Dakota and Nebraska, vicinity

of Chadron and Hermosa, J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Cretaceous (Judith River), Montana, Cow Island

and vicinity of Dog Creek and Judith River, J. B. Hatcher in charge.

326 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

U. S. Geological Survey. Cretaceous (Arundel), Maryland, near Beltsvllle,

J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

"Quarry 9," Fred Brown in charge.

1889. U. S. Geological Survey. Triassic, North Carolina, Egypt, J. B. Hatcher

in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Oligocene, South Dakota, J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Lance), Wyoming, Niobrara

County, Lance Creek, J. B. Hatcher in charge, assisted by C. E. Beecher

and O. A. Peterson.

1890. U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Lance), Wyoming, Niobrara

County, Lance Creek, J. B. Hatcher in charge, assisted by W. H.

Utterback, A. L. Sullius, and T. A. Bostwick.
U. S. Geological Survey. Oligocene (Chadron), South Dakota, "Bad

Lands," J. B. Hatcher in charge, assisted by W. H. Utterback, E. B.

Willson, O. A. Peterson, C. E. Beecher, and Gus Ci-aven.
U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Niobrara), Kansas, Handel T.

Martin in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Triassic, North Carolina, J. B. Hatcher in charge.
U. S. Geological Survey. Pliocene, Florida, Levy County, near Archer and

Williston, J. B. Hatcher in charge.

1891. U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Lance), Wyoming, Niobrara

County, J. B. Hatcher in charge, assisted by A. L. Sullins, W. H. Utter-
back, A. E. Burrell, and O. A. Peterson.

1892. U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Lance), Wyoming, Nio-

brara County, J. B. Hatcher in charge.

1899. Union Pacific Railroad. Jurassic (Morrison), Wyoming, Albany County,

Freeze Out Mountains, Charles Schuchert in charge.

1900. U. S. Geological Survey'. Trias.sic (Chinle), Arizona, "Tanner's Crossing,"

Barnum Brown in charge.
1902. U. S. Geological Survey. Eocene (Bridger), Wyoming, W. D. Matthew
and Walter Granger in charge.

1908. U. S. Geological Survey. Paleocene (Fort Union), Montana, Sweet Grass

County, A. C. Silberling in charge.

1909. U. S. Geological Survey. Paleocene (Fort Union), Montana, Sweet Grass

County, A. C. Silberling and J. W. Gidley in charge.

1913. U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Two Medicine), Montana,

Blackfeet Indian Reservation, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by
Floyd Strayer.

1914. U. S. Geological Survey. Upper Cretaceous (Judith and Claggett). Mon-

tana, vicinity of Judith P. O. C. W. Gilmore accompanied parry.
1916. U. S. Geological Survey. Paleocene (Puerco and Torrejon) and Upper

Cretaceous (Kirtland), New Mexico, San Juan Basin. J. B. Reeside

made the collections.
1921. U. S. Geological Survey. Pliocene (Cochise) and Pleistocene, Arizona, San

Pedro Valley, J. W. Gidley and Kirk Bryan.
National Park Service. Miocene (Santa Fe marl), New Mexico, near

Espanola, C. W. Gilmore in charge.
1924. National Park Service. Permian (Coconino), Arizona, Grand Canyon,

footprints, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by A. Metzer.
1926. National Park Service. Permian (Coconino and Hermit), Arizona, Grand

Canyon, footprints, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by Glen

Sturdevant.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 327

1927. National Academy of Sciences. Permian (Hermit and Supai), Arizona,
Grand Canyon, footprints, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by Glen
Sturdevant.

1929. Carnegie Institution of Washington. Eocene (Jackson), Alabama and
Mississippi. Remington Kellogg in charge, assisted by N. H. Boss.

CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF EXPEDITIONS ENGAGED IN THE COLLECTION OF FOSSIL
VERTEBRATES FOR THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM AND SMITHSONIAN
INSTITUTION

1894. Eocene (Jackson), Alabama, Choctaw Cuanty, Basilosaurus remains

principally, Charles Schuchert in charge.
1896. Same.
1904. Pleistocene, Alaska, Old Crow and Yukon River Valleys, A. G. Maddren

in charge.
1907. Pleistocene, Alaska, Yukon Valley, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by

Benno Alexander.

1912. Pleistocene, Maryland, "Cumberland Cave," J. W. Gidley in charge, as-

sisted by Raymond Armbruster.

1913. Pleistocene, Maryland, "Cumberland Cave," J. W. Gidley in charge.

1914. Same.

1915. Same.

1914-1.5. Pleistocene, Siberia, Kolyma Valley, Benno Alexander in charge.

1915. Pleistocene, Indiana, Pulaski County, "Winaraac Mastodon,'' J. W. Gidley

in charge.
1921. Miocene (Harrison), Nebraska, "Agate Springs," slab of Diceratlivrlum

bones, J. W. Gidley in charge.

1923. Jurassic (Morrison), Utah, "Dinosaur National Monument," Diplodocus

skeleton, C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by Norman H. Boss, J. A.
Kay, E. M. York, and Golden York.

1924. Triassic, Virginia, Loudoun County, dinosaur tracks, C. W. Gilmore in

charge, assisted by N. H. Boss.

1924. Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne, in cooperation with the Bureau of Amer-

ican Ethnology, J. W. Gidley in charge.

1925. Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne, investigation of occurrence of man with

Pleistocene fossils, J. W. Gidley in cooperation with Amherst College.
Pleistocene, Oklahoma, Long Horn Spring deposit, J. W. Gidley in charge.

1927. Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne, J. W. Gidley in charge, assisted by C. P.

Singleton.
Pleistocene, Oklahoma, near Curtis, J. W. Gidley in charge.

1928. Upper Cretaceous (Two Medicine), Montana, Blackfeet Indian Reservation,

C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and Edwin Cooke.
Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne and New Smyrna, J. W. Gidley in charge,
assisted by C. P. Singleton.

1929. Pliocene (Hagerman Lake beds) and Pleistocene, Idaho, American Falls

beds, ''Plesippvs Quan-y," J. W. Gidley in charge, assisted by C. P.

Singleton. Elmer Cook, and F. V. Conklin.
Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne, J. W. Gidley in charge, assisted by C. P.

Singleton.
Pleistocene, New Mexico, Dona Ana County, Aden Crater, in cooperation

with Peabody Museum of Natural History, F. W. Darby in charge,

assisted by N. H. Boss.
Upper Cretaceous (Kirtland), New Mexico. San Juan Basin, C W. Gilmore

in charge, assisted by N. H. Boss, G. F. Sternberg, and C. W. Sternberg.

328 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL IVIUSEUM vol.90

1930. Eocene (Bridger), Wyoming, Bridger Basin, C. W. Gilmore in charge,

assisted by G. F. Sternberg and George B. Pearce.
Pliocene (Hagerraan Lake beds), Idaho, "Plesippus Quarry," near Hager-

man, J. W. Gidley In charge, assisted by C. F. Singleton, S. P. Welles,

Elmer Cook, Frank Gamier, and Y. Young Rogers.
Pleistocene, Florida, Melbourne, evidence of association of man with

Pleistocene fossils, J. W. Gidley in charge, assisted by C. P. Singleton.

1931. Eocene, Miocene, and Oligocene, Wyoming and Montana. Collections made

from Eocene : Wasatch, Big Horn Basin ; Oligocene : Pipestone Springs :
Miocene : Canyon Ferry, White Sulphur Springs, and Deep River. C. W.
Gilmore in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and M. V. Walker.
Pliocene (Hagerman Lake beds), Idaho, "Plesippus Quarry," near Hager-
man, N. H. Boss in charge, assisted by C. P. Singleton, C. W. Caldwell,
Charles Brenner.

1932. Oligocene (Brule), Wyoming, Nebraska, and South Dakota, C. W. Gilmore

in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and M. V. Walker.

1934. Pliocene (Hagerman Lake beds) and Pleistocene, Idaho, "Plesippu.r'

Quarry and American Falls, C. Lewis Gazin in charge, assisted by G. F.
Sternberg, George B. Pearce, and Elmer Cook.
Paleoceue (Fort Union), Montana, Sweetgrass County, George Gaylord
Simpson in charge, assisted by A. C. Silberling.

1935. Upper Cretaceous (Two Medicine), Montana, Blackfeet Indian Reserva-

tion, and Eocene (Wasatch), Wyoming, Big Horn Basin, C. W. Gilmore
in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and George B. Pearce.

1936. Eocene (Wasatch), Paleocene (Puerco and Torrejon), and Pliocene, New

Mexico and Arizona, C. Lewis Gazin in charge, assisted by G. F. Stern-
berg and H. R. Shepherd.

1937. Upper Cretaceous (North Horn), Paleocene (Dragon), and Trlassic

(Chinle), Utah, Emery County, and Arizona, vicinity of Petrified Forest.
C. W. Gilmore in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and G. B. Pearce.

1938. Upper Cretaceous (North Horn), Paleocene (Dragon), and Eocene (Uinta),

Utah, Emery County, and Uinta Basin, C. Lewis Gazin in charge, assisted
by G. F. Sternberg and H. R. Shepherd.

1939. Upper Cretaceous (North Horn) and Paleocene (Dragon), Utah, Emery

County, C. Lewis Gazin in charge, assisted by G. F. Sternberg and
Franklin Pearce.

1940. tipper Cretaceous (North Horn), Paleocene (Dragon), Utah, Emery County,

and Eocene (Bridger), Wyoming, Uinta County, C. Lewis Gazin in charge,
assisted by G. F. Sternberg and Franklin Pearce.

CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF COLLECTING TRIPS FOR FOSSIL VERTEBRATES IN THE
MIOCENE ALONG CHESAPEAKE BAY AND OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR WASHING-
TON, D. C.

COLLECTING WAS CARRIED ON BY A CONSIDERABLE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS, WORKING FROM 1 TO 13
DAYS AT A TRIP. THE RECORD OF EARLY COLLECTING IS INCOMPLETE

1905-1914. Calvert Cliffs, Md. ; F. W. True, collector.

1908: July 3, 7, 11, 18; August 1, 4, 12, 26; September 7. Plumpoint, Md. ;

William Palmer, D. B. Mackie, N. H. Boss, James W. Gidley, and Marcus

W. Lyon, Jr.
1912 : May 31. Plumpoint, Md. ; William Palmer, A. C. W^eed, and S. M. Gron-

berger.
1913 : October. Dares Wharf and Plumpoint, Md. ; William Palmer.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 329

1914 : June 2, i^VS. Dares Wharf and Plumpoiut, Md. ; N. H. Boss.

1916 : March 4. South Chesapeake Beach, Md. ; William Palmer.

1918: August 23-26, SO-Sl ; September 4-7. South Chesapeake Beach, Md. ;

William Palmer and N. H. Boss.
1919: July 16-19. Willows, Md. ; N. H. Boss.

1920 : May 30-31 ; June 12, 27-29. South Chesapeake Beach, Md. ; N. H. Boss.
1921: July 7-9. Willows, Md. ; N. H. Boss.

1921 : August 1-3, 8-12. South Chesapeake Beach, Md. ; N. H. Boss.
1922: July 8-11, 13. Willows, Md. ; N. H. Boss.
1922: July 12. Plumpoint, Md. ; N. H. Boss.

1922 : October 6-7 ; November 20-21. South Chesapeake Beach, Md. ; N. H. Boss.
1923: December 30. Raudle Cliffs to Camp Eoosevelt, Md. ; N. H. Boss and

Remington Kellogg.
1925: June 7. Randle Cliffs, Md. ; N. H. Boss and Remington Kellogg.
1925: July 26-27. Nomini Cliffs, Va. ; Alexander Wetmore, E. A. Preble, and

Remington Kellogg.
1925 : August 15. Plumpoint to Governors Run, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.
1925 : August 22. Governors Run to Solomons Island, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.
1925 : August 30. Dares Wharf to Plumpoint, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.
1925 : September 6. Dares Wharf, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.

1925 : September 12-14. Dares Wharf to Plumpoint, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.
1925 : September 20. Camp Roosevelt, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.

1925 : September 27. Plumpoint, Md. ; N. H. Boss and Remington Kellogg.

1925 : November 22-23. St. Marys County, Md. ; C. W. Gilmore, N. H. Boss, and

Remington Kellogg.
1926 : May 26. Plumpoint, Md. ; N. H. Boss and Remington Kellogg.

1926 : May 30. Plumpoint, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.

1926 : July 4. Fair Haven and Randle Cliffs, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.

1926 : July 18. Plumpoint, Md. ; Remington Kellogg.

1926: August 8. Dares Wharf to Plumpoint, Md. ; Remington Kellogg and W.

Woodring.
1929: August. Governors Run, Md. ; A. Lincoln Dryden, Jr., Willard Berry,

William L. Jones, A. J. Poole, and Remington Kellogg.
1931 : August 14-20. Governors Run, Md. ; A. Lincoln Dryden, Jr., and Remington

Kellogg.
1931 : October 30. St. Marys County, Md. ; A. Lincoln Dryden, Jr.. and Remington

Kellogg.
1933: August 9. Governors Run, Md. ; Raymond M. Gilmore, C. Lewis Gazin, and

Remington Kellogg.
1935 : August 24-31. Governors Run, Md. ; N. H. Boss and Remington Kellogg.
1936: July 13. I'arkers Creek, Md. : W. F. Fo.shag, Ed. Mullins, and Remington

Kellogg.
1936: July 25. Parkers Creek, Md. : W. F. Fosliag, Ed. Mullins, and Remington

Kellogg.
1936 : July 29. Randle Cliffs, Md. ; C. W. Gilmore, Ed. Mullins and Remington

Kellogg.
1938 : March 27. Spindle farm, Occupacia Creek, Essex County, Va. ; Remington

Kellogg and C. W. Gilmore. Examined skeleton in situ.
1939 : July 15-23. Parkers Creek, Md. ; W. F. Foshag and Remington Kellogg.
1940: June 6-8. Scientists Cliffs, Md. : W. F. Foshag, C. W. Gilmore, Remington

Kellogg, and H. S. Bryant.
1940 : August 3-17. Scientists Cliffs, Md. ; W. F. Foshag and Remington Kellogg.

330 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

STUDY OR RESERVE COLLECTIONS

The collections designated as study or reserve comprise those speci-
mens that have been filed away for study, comparison, and reference
purposes. They constitute the bulk of the vertebrate fossils now assem-
bled. They contain many early types of more than ordinary interest,
since they are those that formed the basis for much of the scientific
work of Leidy, Cope, and Marsh and thus constitute the primary
foundation upon which much of modem paleontology of America is
based. These types are constantly in demand for examination and
comparison by paleontologists from other institutions of the country.

These collections now contain representative faunas of most of the
more important fossil-bearing formations of North America, together
with a sprinkling of foreign materials. Although some gaps still exist
and many assemblages need strengthening, taken as a whole it is now
one of the important fossil vertebrate collections in America.

In building up this collection, regular expeditions have been the
most prolific source of materials, and the history of these has been
covered under the heading "Expeditions," page 323. In the pages to
follow, however, it is proposed to review some of the other sources
of material in order to give a complete picture of the growth and
development of the collection.

Gifts from individual donors have ever been an important source
of materials, but next in importance to the specimens obtained by
regularly organized expeditions are those received in exchange for
duplicate materials with kindred institutions. Such exchanges have
been made possible to a great extent by the large suites of duplicate
materials of Brontotheres, Teleoceras, and PUsippus of which the
Division of Vertebrate Paleontology is the fortunate possessor. Among
the more improtant specimens thus obtained were the following :

DiNOSAUEIA :

Oorgosaurus Ubratus — articulated skeleton,
Camarasaurus lent us — articulated skeleton.
Edmontosaurus regalis — skull and lower jaws.
Prosaurolophus maximus — skull and lower jaws.
Mammalia :

Stenomi/lus hitcJicocki — articulated skeleton.
Scelidodon capelUna — articulated skeleton.
Dicer athermm cooki — composite skeleton.
Trigonias oshorni — composite skeleton.
Moropus elatus — composite skeleton.
Equus Occident alis— composite skeleton.
Mylodon harlani — composite skeleton.
Aenocyon dirus— two composite skeletons.
Smilodon californicus — composite skeleton.

Since 1911 the curator of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology
has endeavored to assemble in the National Museum as many of the

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 90 PLATE 52

♦

I « "*f|*%

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM

PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 90 PLATE 53

Storage cases and cupboards for vertebrate collections, showing utilization of corridor.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 331

scattered type and figured specimens of fossil vertebrates as could be
acquired by deposit, exchange, gift, or otherwise. Various institu-
tions and individuals generously responded to the logic of having these
important specimens centralized, their preservation guaranteed, and
their availability to students assured. In all, 156 such specimens have
now been assembled, of which 94 are original types as listed below.
The institutions and individuals that have contributed to the success
of this undertaking are: Geological Survey of Florida, Geological
Survey of Maryland, North Carolina Department of Agriculture,
Goucher College, Indiana State University, Johns Hopkins University,
Columbia University, Colorado Museum of Natural History, Colorado
College, Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, Peabody Museum of Nat-
ural History, Earle Sloan, Oliver P. Hay, W. Gardner Lynn, R. Lee
Collins, Charles T. Berry, and Ermine C. Case.
PiscKs :

Anomoedus latidens marylandicus Berry-
Berry, C. T., .\iner. Midi. Nat., vol. 22, p. 746, fig. 1, 1939.
Carcharias incidens Eastman.

Eastman, C. R., Maryland Geol. Surv., Miocene, p. 87, pi. 32, fig. 8,
1904=Carch arliinus.
Felichthys staurof orus Lynn and Melland.

Lynn, W. G., and Melland, A. M., Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 29,
pp. 14-20, figs. 1-3, 1939.
Istiophorus calvertensis Berry.

Berry, E. W., Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 43, p. 461, figs. 1, 2, 1917.
Myliobatis copeanus Clark.

Clark, W. B., Johns Hopkins Univ. Circ, vol. 15, p. 4, 1895.
Squatina occidentalis Eastman.

Eastman, C. R., Maryland Geol. Surv., Miocene, p. 71, pi. 28, figs, la, lb,
1904.
Synechodus clarkii Eastman.

Eastman, C. R., Maryland Geol. Surv., Eocene, p. 103, pi. 14, figs. 5a-c,
1901.
Xiphias (?) radiata Clark.

Clark, W. B., Johns Hopkins Univ. Circ, vol. 15, p. 4, 18dh~Ischyrizn?
Amphibia:

Crossotelos annulatus Case.

Case, E. C, 2d Ann. Rep. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Terr. Oklahoma, p. 65.
1901.
Reptilia :

Amyda virginiana Clark.

Clark, W B., Johns Hopkins Univ. Circ, vol. 15, p. 4, 1895.
Bystra nanus Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 53-5.5, pi. 1, 1916.
Chamops denticulatus Gilmore.

Gilmore, C. W., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 22, pp. 26, 27, fig. 14, 1928.
Chamops segnis Marsh.

Marsh. O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 43, p. 450, figs. 2, 3, 1892.

332 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Chelonia marylandica Collins and Lynn.

Collins, R. L., and Lynn, W. G., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc-., vol. 72, pp.
162-166, fig. 1, 1936.
Chelydra laticarinata Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Snrv'., pp. 72-73, pi. 6, fig. 6, 1916.
Chelydra sculpta Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 73-75, pi. 6, fig. 8,
1916.
Cteniogenys antiquus Gilmore.

Gilmore, C. W., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 22, pp. 162-163, pi. 20,
fig. 14, 1928.
Dryosaurus grandis Lull.

Lull, R. S., Maryland Geol. Surv., Lower Cretaceous, pp. 204-206.
pi. 19, figs. 6, 7, 1911= OrnUhomimus afflnis Gilmore.
Goniopholis affinis Lull.

Lull, R. S., Maryland Geol. Surv., Lower Cretaceous, p. 210, pi. 20,
fig. 7, 1911.
Glyptosaurus anceps Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 458, 1871= Ototriton
anceps (Marsh).
Glyptosaurus brevidens Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 305, 3872.
Glyptosaurus nodosus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 458, 1871.
Glyptosaurus ocellatvis Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 458, 1871=Gf. sylvestrh
Marsh.
Glyptosaurus princeps Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 301, 1872.
Glyptosaurus rugosus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 305, 1872.
Glyptosaurus sphenodon Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 306, 1872.
Glyptosaurus sylvestris Marsh.

aiarsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 458, 1871.
Gopherus praecedens Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 55-56, pi. 4, figs. 1,
2, 1916.
Hadrosaurus tripos Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, p. 192, 1869.
Hypsibema crassicauda Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, p. 192. 1869.
Iguanavus exilis Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 309, 1872.
Iguanavus teres Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 43, p. 451, 1892.
Oreosaurus gracilis Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci, ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 307, 1872=Xestops
ffracilis ( Ma rsh ) .
Oreosaurus lentus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 307, 1872=Xestops
lentus (Marsh).

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 333

Oreosaunis microdus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 8, vol. 4, p. 308, l872=Xestop8
mivrodus (Marsh).
Oreosaurus minutus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 308, 1872=Xe8top$
minutus (Marsh).
Oreosaurus vagans Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 303, lS72=Xcstop8
vagans (Marsh).
Palaeophis virginianus Lynn.

Lynn, W. G., Johns Hopkins Univ. Stud, in Geol., No. 11. pp. 245-249,
p!. 17, tig. 6, 1984.
Peritresius virginianus Berry and Lynn.

Berry, C. T., and Lynn, W. G., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 76,
pp. 176-188, pis. 1-4, 1936.
Polydectes biturgidus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 21, p. 192, 1869.
Pseudemys floridana persimilis Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 71-72, pi. 5, fig. 6„
1916.
Taphrosphys miocenica Collins and Lynn.

Collins, R. L., and Lynn, W. G., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 76,
pp. ir.r.-162, pi. 1, 1936.
Terrapene antipex Hay.

Hay, O. P., Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 58-61, pi. 4, fig. 1;
pi. 5, fiji. 1, 1916.
Terrapene formosa Hay.

Hay, O. P., Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 57-58, pi. 4,
fig. 3, 1916.
Terrapene innoxia Hay.

Hay, O. P., Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 61-64, pi. 6, figs. 1,
2, 1916.
Testudo culbertsoni Leidy.

Leidy, J., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 6, p. 59, 1852=Stijle>nys
fiebrascensis Leidy.
Testudo distans Hay.

Hay, O. P.. Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 48-49, pi. 3, fig. 9,
1916.
Testudo ducateli Collins and Lynn.

Collins. R. L., and Lynn, W. G., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 76,
pp. 166-171, pis. 3, 4, 1936.
Testudo equicornes Hay.

Hay, O. P.. Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull., vol. 10, pp. 40-41, pi. 1, figs. 1-3;
pi. 3. fig. 1, 1917.
Testudo hayi Sellards.

Sellards, E. H., Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 42, p. 235, fig. 1, 1916.
Testudo incisa Hay.

Hay, O. P.. Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 46-48, pi. 3, fig. 5,
1916.
Testudo luciae Hay.

Hay, O. P., Sth Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 52-53, pi. 9^
fig. 5. 1916.

334 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

Testudo ocalana Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ami. Rep. Florida Geol. Snrv., pp. 44-46, pi. 8, tig. 1 ;
pi. 9, figs. 1-3, 1916.
Testudo sellardsi Hay.

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 49-52, pi. 8, figs. 6-8,
1916.
Thecachampsa marylandica Clark.

Clark, W. B., Johns Hopkins Univ. Circ, vol. 15, p. 4, 1895.
Thinosaurus agilis Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 302, lSJ2=Samiva
agilis (Marsh).
Thinosaurus crassus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3. vol. 4, p. 301, 1872=8amum
crassa (Marsh).
Thinosaurus grandis Marsh.

Mar.sh, O. C. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 301, 18T2=8amwa
grandis (Marsh).
Thinosaurus leptodus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 300, \S12^8amwa
ensidens Leidy.
Thinosaurus paucidens Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol, 4, p. 299. \S12=Sam'wa
paucidens (Marsh),
Tinosaurus lepidus Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 4, p. 308, lS12=Tinosaurua
stenodon Marsh.
Tinosaurus stenodon Marsh.

Marsh, O. C, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser, 3, vol. 4, p. 304, 1872.
Tomistoma americana Sellards.

Sellards, E. H., Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 40, pp. 135-138, fig. 1,
1915.
Trachemys nuchocarinata Hay,

Hay, O. P., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 70-71, pi. 6, fig. 1,
1916.
Trinacromerum bentonianum Cragin.

Cragin, F. W., Amer. Geol., vol. 2, pp. 404-407, 1888.
AvEs:

Ardea sellardsi Shufeldt.

Shufeldt, R. W., Journ. Geol., vol. 25, p. 19, 1916.
Bathomis veredus Wetmore.

Wetmore, A., Proc. Colorado Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, pp. 11-13, figs.
19-24, 1927.
Jabiru weillsi Sellards.

Sellards, E. H., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 146, pi. 26,
fig. 1, 1916.
Larus vero Shufeldt.

Shufeldt, R. W., 9th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 40, pi. 2, fig. 21,
1917.
Palaeocrex fax Wetmore.

Wetmore, A., Proc. Colorado Mus. Nat. Hist, vol. 7, pp. 9-11, figs.
15-18, 1927.
Palaeogyps prodromus Wetmore.

Wetmore, A., Proc. Colorado Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, pp. 5-9, figs. 7-14,
1927.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 335

Phasmagyps patritus Wetmore.

Wetmore, A., Proc. (^olonxdo Mns. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, pp. 3-5, figs. 1-6,
1927.
Querquedula floridana Slmfeldt.

Slmfeldt, R. W., 9th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 36, pi. 1, fig. 4;
pi. 2, fig. 25, 1917.
Sula avita Wetmore.

Wetmore, A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 85, pp. 21-23, fig. 2, 1938.
Mammalia:

Agriotherium schneideri Sellards.

Sellards, E. H., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv.. pp. 9S-100, pi. 12, figs.
1, 2, 1916.
Balaenoptera sursiplana Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 34, p. 151, 1895.
Canis riviveronis Hay.

Hay, O. P., 9th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 59-62, 1917.
Cephalotropis coronatus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Amer. Philo.s. Soc, vol. 35, p. 143, pi. 11, fig. 2. 1896.
Cetotherium crassangulum Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 34, p. 168, 1895.
Cetotherium megalophysum Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc Amer. Philos. Soc. vol. 34, p. 146, 1895.
Hoplophoneus robustus Adams.

Adams, G. I., Amer. Nat., vol. 30, p. 49, pi. 1, fig. 4, WM.
Mesocyon iamanonsis Sellards.

Sellards, E. H., 8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 88-89, pi. 11,
fig. 11, 1916.
Mesoteras kerrianus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Amer. Nat., vol. 4, p. 128, 1870.
Metopocetus durinasus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 35, p. 141, pi. 9, fig. 3, 1896.
Odocoileus sellardsiae Hay.

Hay, (). P.. 9th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., pp. 50-57, pi. 3, fig. 4,
1917.
Pelycorham^phus pertortus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc. Amer. I'hilos. Soc, vol. 34. p. 137, 1895.
Prepotherium venezuelanum Collins.

Collins, R. L., Johns Hopkins Univ. Stud, in Geol., No. 11, p. 238-242,
pis. 15. 16, 1934.
Priscodelphinus crassangulum Case.

Case, E. C, Maryhind Geol. Surv., Miocene, pp. 12-13, pi. 11, 1904.
Prorosmarus alleni Berry and Gregory.

Berry. E. W., and Gregory. W. K., Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 21,
pp. 444-450, figs. 1-4, 1906.
Siphonocetus clarkianus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc Amor. Philos. Soc, vol. 34, p. 140, pi. 6, fig. 4, 1895.
Tretulias buccatus Cope.

Cope, E. D., Proc Auhm-. Philos. Soc, vol. 34, p. 143, pi. 6. fig. 2. 1895.
Ulias moratus Cope.

Cope, E. D.. Proc Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 34, p. 141. pi. 6, fig. L 1895.
Vulpes palmaria Hay.

Hay. O. P., !)th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 57, 1917.
Xenorophus sloanii Kellogg.

Kellogg. R.. Smithsonian Misc Coll., vol. 76, No. 7, pp. 1-7. pis. 1, 2, 1923.

336 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

PRIVATE COLLECTIONS

In addition to the Marsh collection of vertebrate fossils brought
together under governmental auspices, the collections of the Division
have been augmented by a number of private collections acquired
either through gift or purchase. A brief history of the more im-
portant of these, arranged in chronological order, follows:

Lojcoe collection. — The very large and valuable Lacoe collection,
received as a gift in 1896 from the heirs of R. D. Lacoe, banker
of Pittston, Pa., and collector of fossils through many years, con-
sisted primarily of fossil plants and invertebrate (mainly insects of
late Paleozoic and Cenozoic forms) fossils, but it also contained
several hundred fish, amphibian, and reptilian remains. Some of
them are in a rare state of preservation; others from the Linton,
Ohio, coalfields, owing to the exhaustion of the coal mines, are
unique. Tlie Tertiary was represented by specimens from the Eocene
(Green River shales) of Wyoming and from Switzerland; Triassic
by specimens from Great Britain, France, and the coalfields of Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Mazon Creek, Grundy County, 111. The collection
contained many types and figured specimens, including the unique
Isodectus punctulatus, thought to be the oldest known reptile.

Hainbach collection. — The Hambach collection was acquired
through purchase in 1908 by Frank Springer from Gustav Hambach,
of St. Louis, Mo., and presented to the United States National
Museum. The collection consisted principally of fossil Echino-
dermata (largely crinoids), but it contained also a considerable num-
ber of Paleozoic fish remains from this country and abroad, as well as
a few from the Shumard collection, which Professor Hambach had
previously acquired.

Orestes St. John collection. — The St. John collection of Paleozoic
fishes was presented to the National Museum in 1922 by Frank
Springer, to whom it was bequeathed upon the death of Mr. St.
John. The collection consists of two parts: (1) A general collection
of Devonian invertebrate fossils made during Mr. St. John's younger
days in Iowa; and (2l) his large and extremely valuable collection
of selachian fish remains accumulated in connection with his special
studies, chiefly from the Carboniferous of the Mississippi Valley. It
contains numerous types and figured specimens of si^ecies described
by him in Illinois Reports and also much original material forming
the subject of further extensive researches never published. In addi-
tion to the product of his personal collecting during 40 years of
diversified field work, there is included a large quantity of very
choice cestraciont fish material obtained hy Dr. Springer, largely
from a fortunate discovery in the Burlington limestone in Iowa;
and also two exceptionally fine collections from the Keokuk lime-

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 337

stone made, respectively, by Dr. G. A. Williams, of Booneville, Mo.,
and Lisbon A. Cox, of Keokuk, Iowa. These were purchased by
Mr. Springer and turned over to Mr. St. John together with his own,
for use in his researches.

Among other notable items in this important collection is a very
exceptional specimen from the Coal Measures of Kansas, the com-
plete dentition of a large Paleozoic shark in a more perfect state
of preservation than has ever been found elsewhere. This type
of Canvpodus {Agassizodus) varmhiUs, described in volume 4 of the
Illinois Reports, is regarded by ichthyologists as without a parallel
among its kind.

Teller collection. — The Teller collection of invertebrates and fossil
fishes was assembled by the late Edgar E. Teller, of Milwaukee, Wis.
The entire assemblage, w^ith his library, was received as a gift in
1924 from Mrs. Edgar E. Teller. The fish remains, consisting of
about 100 specimens, are all from the Devonian and all were collected
in and around Milwaukee. Included in the collection are a number
of figured specimens.

Palmer collection. — The Palmer collection consisted entirely of
Miocene vertebrate fossils gathered by William Palmer, taxidermist
and naturalist in the United States National Museum, from the
Calvert formation along Chesapeake Bay, Md., It was purchased
by the Smithsonian Institution from his widow shortly after his
death in 1921. Throughout most of his life Mr. Palmer was an
indefatigable collector of natural-history specimens, but from 1908
to the time of his death his interests were largely devoted to the
collection of Miocene vertebrate fossils. Many of the specimens
secured were at once turned over to the Division of Vertebrate
Paleontology as gifts and were described by Dr. F. W. True, but a
considerable accumulation of specimens, including several extinct
porpoise skulls, most of them prepared, formed the basis of the
l^urchase.

Certain assemblages are outstanding, not only because of the quan-
tity of materials represented but more especially because of the high
quality of the preservation. Among these is the fossil cetacean collec-
tion, which ranks first among aggregations of the kind in American
museums. The bulk of this assemblage is from the prolific nearby
Miocene deposits of the Chesapeake Bay area, but the Gulf and Pacific
coasts are also represented by many well-preserved specimens. This
collection has resulted from the enthusiastic volunteer work of a con-
siderable number of collaborators of which the more active were : Head
Curator Frederick W. True, who pioneered in this work, about
1905-14; William Palmer, 1907-19; Norman H. Boss, 1914-35; Eem-
ington Kellogg, 1923^0; and E. L. Collins, 1935-38.

292963—41 3

338 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

In recent years, Dr. Kemington Kellogg, through his extensive
researches on the Cetacea, has been the outstanding contributor to the
building up and development of the collections in this important gi'oup
of mammals.

INFLUENCE OF EXPOSITIONS

Although the Smithsonian Institution has participated in prac-
tically all the expositions of this country and many abroad, beginning
with the Centennial in Philadelphia in 1876,-^ the Division of Verte-
brate Paleontology was not called upon to contribute to these exhibi-
tions until 1895. Since then, hovrever, it has participated in the follow-
ing: The Cotton States and International Exposition, Atlanta, Ga.,
1895; the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, Omaha,
Nebr., 1898; the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, N. Y., 1901; the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Mo., 1904; the Lewis and
Clark Exposition, Portland, Oreg., 1905; the Sesquicentennial Expo-
sition, Philadelphia, Pa., 1926; and the Texas Centennial Exposition,
Dallas, Tex., 1936-37.

Participation in these expositions of national and international
scope has yielded noteworthy advantages in the fact that the work
of the division was made known to the people at large and in the
opportunities offered by direct appropriations that could be expended
for the purchase of specimens, the making of models, restorations,
and paintings illustrative of extinct life. This illustrative material
and a considerable number of choice specimens (listed below) have
thus been added to the permanent collections :

1895, Atlanta : A complete model restoration of the skeleton of BasUosaurus

cetoides, life size.
1898, Omaha: Lisbon A. Cox collection of Paleozoic fish remains purchased.
1901, Buffalo : A restoration in oil (8 by 15 feet) of Triceratops, painted by

Charles R. Knight, W. K. Stone, and Joseph Gleeson. Model restoration

life size of Trico-atops skeleton. Skeleton of Hesperornis regalis and

Dinomis crassus purchased.

1904, St. Louis : Life-size restoration of Stegosatirus stenops. Skeleton of Mas-

todon amerlcanus. Skeletons of Ichthyosaurus quadricissus, Rhani-
phorhi/nchus pliyllurus, Stenosaurus hoUensis, and many fishes of large
size {Aspidorhynchus, Caturus, Hypsocormus, Oyrodus, PJiolidophorus,
Squatina) purchased.

1905, Portland : Epyoniis maximns egg purchased.

1926, Phil.\de:lphia : 12-foot skeleton of Portheus moloss^us Cope. Three skele-
tons of Protostega gigas Cope and two partial skeletons of Platycarpus
imrchased. Restoration of Protostega gigas painted by R. Bruoe
Horsfall.

21 Dr. J. Leidy (Jouin. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 8, p. 213) stated that a last
molar of Elephas columM from Beaufort, S. C, was included in the exhibit made by the
Smithsonian Institution at the Centennial in Fhiladelphia in 1876.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 339

1936-37, Dallas: Skeletons of Dlatryma gUjus Cope and Qlyptosaurus yiyan-
teus Gilmore. Distal half of a hadrosaurian Corythosaurus skeleton
with skin impressions and a complete tail of Camarasaurus all pur-
chased. Life restoration (canvas 8 by 15 feet) and a model restoration
of Camarasaums lentus Marsh, painted by R. Bruce Ilorsfall. Restora-
tion of Permian life, canvas 8 by 15 feet, with Dimctrodon as the domi-
nant figure, painted by Garnet W. Jex, and a diorama illustrative of
the dinosaurian life of the Morrison formation.

EXHIBITS

The earliest exhibition of extinct vertebrate animals made by the
Smithsonian Institution consisted of plaster casts of the giant sloth
Megatherium, cuvien, the large land tortoise Colossochelys atlas^ and
the South American glyptodon Schistopleurum typus^ which were
"set up" in the large room of the Smithsonian Institution in 1871.
In 1872, a skeleton of the Pleistocene Irish elk {Megaceros hihemicvs) ,
which had been purchased from Thomas & Sons, of Philadelphia, in
1868, was mounted and placed on view, and this specimen thus has
the distinction of being the first articulated skeleton of an extinct
animal to be placed on public exhibition in the Smithsonian Institu-
tion."- At this same time a model restoration of the Irish elk was
placed on deposit by Waterhouse Hawkins.

With the completion of the new building in 1881 (now known as
the Arts and Industries Building), the Irish elk, the Megatherium^
and other large casts were transferred to it from the Smithsonian.
These, together with a few fragmentary specimens from the Western
States, resulting from the early Government surveys, constituted for a
time the principal part of the exhibition series. A skeletal restoration
of the famous Hadrosauims fouJkii^ from the original in the Acad-
emy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, also formed a part of
this early exhibition of extinct animals. An old photograph taken
some time after the occupancy of the new building shows the Hacl-
Tosawnis associated with the skeletal cast of the Megatherium- and
skeletons of recent animals. No record has been found of this speci-
men, but Dr. Schuchert, under date of May 18, 1939, writes: "This
restoration of Ha/lrosaurus was made for the United States National
Museum for the Centennial Exposition. When I joined the National
Museum, Dr. Goode told me the Hadrosaurus had long stood in front
of the Museum and had weathered so badly that it was destroyed
a few years before my arrival in 1893." Following the organization

22 A curious coincidence is the fact that the lirst skeh-ton to he exhibited (1844) in the
British Museum was also a skeleton of Mcfjaceros hiberniciis. Skeletons of the "Irish elk"
were the first to be exliibited in both the American Museum of Natural History. New York
City, and the Carnegie IMusenm in Pittsburgh.

340 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

of the Department of Vertebrate Fossils in 1886, and the appointment
of Prof. O. C. Marsh as honorary curator in 1887, the southeast
court space was assigned to the exhibition of fossil vertebrates, inver-
tebrates, and plants.

There was a small intermittent growth of the exhibition collec-
tions, the preparation and installation that was necessary being done
by the osteologists under the direction of F, A. Lucas.

In December 1890 John B. Hatcher was given temporary appoint-
ment as assistant to Professor Marsh for the purpose of arranging
and classifying the collections that had been assembled. The exhibi-
tion was given a fresh impetus in July 1891 with the arrival from New
Haven of the second consignment of the Marsh collection. It con-
sisted of 380 prepared specimens made up as follows : 3 ceratopsian
skulls, including the type of Triceratops elatus; 10 titanothere skulls,
representing several genera; skulls and other remains of TeJeoceras
fossiger; other Tertiary fossils and some rare plaster casts. Owing
to the gradual growth of the exhibition series, especially augmented
by the acquisitions from the Marsh collection, in 1898 the entire
southeast court was given over to vertebrate fossils.

In 1899 a papier-mache cast of the skeleton of Dinoceras presented
by Professor Marsh was mounted and placed on exhibition. In 1902
a mounted skeleton of Hesjjerornis regalis^ first shown at the Pan
American Exposition in Buffalo, was returned to the Museum and
placed in the permanent exhibition series. With the acquisition of
the Marsh collection and the employment of trained preparators from
1900 onward, there was a slow but steady growth and improvement
of the exhibition collections. In 1903 the type skeleton of Thespesius
{Trachodon) amiectens w-as mounted under the direction of Lucas,
the first articulated skeleton of a dinosaur to be exhibited in the Na-
tional Museum. This specimen has the further distinction of being
the second dinosaur skeleton to be thus exhibited in North America,
first honors going to a companion skeleton in the Peabody Museum
of Natural History at Yale that was placed on exhibition in 1901.

When the writer came to the National Museum in November 1903,
the ground floor of the southeast court in the Old National Museum
Building was entirely occupied by an exhibition of vertebrate fossils.
This exhibition was all arranged by Mr. Lucas as acting curator,
although his main duties were elsewhere in the Museum. The out-
standing specimens comprised skeletons of Megaceros hihernicus, Thes-
pesius {Trachodon) minectens^ Hesperoimis regalis, and a skeleton of
BasUosauTus cetoides^ the bones of the last being laid out in order on a
shelf in a wall case on the north side that extended entirely across
the court. A modeled restoration of the skeleton (later sent to the

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 341

British Museum in exchange) was suspended from the underside of
the balcony above the original. There were also plaster casts of
Dinoceras^ Megatheriwm^ Dinotheriwtrh^ and Schistojyleurum^ the orig-
inal hind limbs and pelvis of Tiicerato'ps, and a hind leg and foot
of Apatosaurus {Brontosaurus) . The other wall cases and slope-
top diaphragm cases that occupied the remaining floor space were
filled with a various assortment of fossil skulls and other skeletal
parts of mammals, reptiles, and fishes.

In 1904 the type skulls of Triceratops calicornis and Triceratops
{Diceratops) hatcheri^ a skeleton of Mastodon atnericamis (returned
from the St. Louis Exposition), a life-size restoration of jStegosaurm
stenops, and a skeleton of Dinomis were added to the exhibition
series. In 1905 a composite skeleton of Tnceratops elatus^ the first
of this genus to be thus displayed, was installed. The addition of
these specimens brought about the retirement of several cases of in-
ferior materials. These constituted the exhibition collections until
the New Natural History Building was occupied in 1910. Here, for
the first time in the history of the Division, adequate and commo-
dious exhibition, storage, and laboratory space was provided. Show
specimens were assigned to halls 2 and 3, which aggregated 13,950
square feet of exhibition room, besides much wall space.

When the Division moved into the new building many of the older
specimens were renovated, most of the skeletal casts were retired,
several new specimens were added, and, as a new style of case was
provided, the exhibition took on a very much improved appearance
(see pis. 49 and 50), although the specimens were far too few to fill
the allotted space.

From 1910 up to the present time there has been a slow but steady
growth of the exhibition collections, until at the close of the year
1940 there were more than 50 mounted skeletons, ranging in size
from the small 14-inch horned rodent Epigaulus hafcheri to the 72-
foot Diplodocus longus.

A complete list of the mounted skeletons is given later, but some
of the more outstanding of these are w^orthy of special mention. The
articulated skeleton of Basilosobmms cetoides, prepared under the di-
rection of Charles Schuchert and mounted under the direction of
the late James W. Gidley, is the only specimen of its kind thus far
exhibited. The type skeleton of Ceratosawms nasicornis, although
discovered more than 50 years ago, is also unique in being the only
known specimen of its kind. The assemblage of Stegosaurus speci-
mens, consisting of an articulated skeleton in the rock as found, is
the only one known that furnishes positive information as to the
arrangement of the dermal plates; an articulated skeleton of this

342 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

same genus, together with a life-size restoration made for the St.
Louis Exposition in 1904, constitutes a unique representation of this
curious armored dinosaur.

Three skeletons of the mastodon race of proboscidians, a male and
a female of Mastodon cumericamis from the Pleistocene, and a skele-
ton of S teg mastodon arizonae from the Pliocene of Arizona are
adequate examples of this important group of animals.

The outstanding addition to the collection, especially as it relates
to time and money expended, is the skeleton of Diplodocus longus
from the Dinosaur National Monument in Utah. The work of col-
lecting this specimen occupied the energies of 5 men for 4 months to
quarry out, transport, box, and ship the 26 tons of rock-enclosed
bones. From first to last, 2,545 Avorking days were spent on this
specimen, which, translated into Government time, means 1 man
working steadily for nearly 9 years. It constitutes the most ambitious
single piece of exhibition work ever attempted by this Division.

All classes of vertebrates are now represented in the exhibition
series, which contains many well-preserved skeletons. Little attempt
has been made to bring about a systematic arrangement of these
materials, more stress being given to displaying the larger specimens,
so as to make them as well as the exhibition halls appear to the best
advantage.

With the acquisition of better-preserved specimens, the practice
has been followed of retiring inferior materials from time to time.
This has added greatly to the attractiveness of the exhibition as a
whole, as well as increasing its educational value to the public.

To some extent the exhibition has been embellished by the addition
of large canvases depicting the life appearance of various animals
in their natural habitat. The more important of these are : A resto-
ration (8 by 15 feet) of Triceratops by Charles R. Knight, W. K.
Stone, and Joseph Gleeson; a restoration of Camairasaunis by
E. Bruce Horsfall; and a restoration of Dimetrodon and other Per-
mian reptiles by Garnet W. Jex. A diorama returned from the
Dallas Exposition depicts some of the animals of the Jurassic period
in their natural environment. Other illustrative materials consisting
of model restorations of various animals, done by Knight, Lull,
Gidley, and Gilmore, serve as an aid to visitors in visualizing the
probable appearance in life of these long extinct animals.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE

343

Table 2. — Chronological list of 7nounted fossil skelelons in the U. S. National

Museum

MOUNTED IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

Skeleton

Year

Mounted by—

1.
2.

4.
5.

Megaceros hibernicus Owen

Hesperornis regalis Marsh

Thespesius (Trachodon) anncc-
tens Marsh (type).

Mastodon americanus (Kerr)

Triceratops elatiis Marsh

Ursus spelaeus

1872
1901

1903

1903
1905
1905

1906
1907
1910

1911

1912
1912
1912
1913
1914
1914

1915
1915
1915
1915

1916
1917
1917
1918
1919
1920

1920
1921
1922
1922

1923
1923
1924

1926
1926
1931

1934
1934
1934
1936
1936
1937
1938

1938

.J. W. ScoUick, remoi

H. Boss, 1911.
Alban Stewart.

Do.

C. W. Gilmore and N
N. H. Boss, remount

Home, 1913.
C. W. Gilmore.
N. H. Boss.
C. W. Gilmore and N

C. W. Gilmore.

N. H. Boss.

J. W. Gidley and W.
T. J. Horne.

Do.
N. H. Boss and C. V
N. H. Boss.
N. H. Boss and C. V

T. J. Horne.
Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
N. H. Boss.
Do.

T. J. Horne.

Do.
N. H. Boss.
T. J. Horne.

N. H. Boss.

Do.
T. J. Home.

N. H. Boss.
T. J. Horne.
N. H. Boss, T. J.

J. M. Barrett.
N. H. Boss.

Do.
T. J. Home.

Do.
N. H. Boss.

Do.
T. J. Horne.

N. H. Boss.

nted by N.

H. Boss,
cd by T. J.

H. Boss.
H. Wade.

7.
8.
9.

10.

11.

12.
13.
H

Merycoidodon gracilis Leidy

Dinornis maximus Geoffroy

Ceratosaurus nasicornis Marsh

(type).
Camptosaurus hrowni Gilmore

(type).
Camptosaurus nanus Marsh

(type).

Basilosaurus cetoides (Owen)

Diceratherium cooki (Peterson) _ .
Teleoceras fossiaer Cope

15.
16.
17.

18.
19

Stegosa^irus slenops Marsh (type)
Kentriodon pernix Kellogg (type),
Thescelosaurus neglectus Gilmore

(type).
Epigaulus hatcheri Gidley (type)_
Gulo luscus (Linnaeus) _ --

Brcssler.
Bressler.

20.
21.

22.
23.
24.

Aenocyon dims (Leidy)

Platygonus cumberlandensis Gid-
ley.
Mastodon americanus (Kerr) —
Sinopa grangeri Matthew (type) _
Stegosaurus stenops Marsh

26.
27.

28.
29.
30.
31.

32.
33

Tylosaurus proriger Cope

Brachyceratops montanensis Gil-
more (type).
Brontotherium hatcheri Osborn _ _

Euarctos vitabilis Gidley

Saniwa ensidens Leidy (type) _ _ ^
Glyptotherium arizonae Gidley

(type).
Bison occidentalis Lucas

34.
35

Stegomastodon arizonae Gidley
(type).

36.
37.

38.
39

Portheus molossus Cope

Diplodocus longus Marsh

Hyrachyus eximius Leidy

Helaletes nanus Marsh

Horne, and

40.

Trigonias osborni Lucas

Moropus elatus Marsh

42.
43.

44.

Platygonus pearcei Gazin (type).

Scarritia canquelensis Simpson __

Plesippus shoshonensis Gidley
(stallion).

Poly glyph nnodon sternbergi Gil-
more.

344

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

Table 2. — Chronological list of mounted fossil skeletons in the U. S. National
Museum — Continued

Skeleton

Year

Mounted by—

46. Plesippus shoshonensis Gidley

(mare) .

47. Plesippus shoshonensis (half

grown) .

1939
1939

T. J. Home.
Do.

MOUNTED ELSEWHERE

48. Hoplophoncus robustus Adams
(type)

Stenomylus hitchcocki Loomis

Gorgosaurus libraius Lambe

Merycodus necatus Lcidy

Ichthyodectes hamatus Cope

Emeus crassus Owen

Stenomylus hitchcocki Loomis

1919

Adam Hermann, A. M. N. H.
A. Augustina, C. M.
Peter Kaisen, A. M. N. H.
P. C. Orr, F. M. N. H.
G. F. Sternberg.

Hugh Gibb, P. M. N. H.

CATALOGS

The catalog system first used by the Museum was that devised in
April 1839 by Professor Baird at Carlisle, Pa., while engaged in
work upon his private collection of birds. "VVlien he became Assistant
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in 1850, his system was
adopted for the Government collections.

When cataloging was first begun it was found more convenient to
keep the records of the several collections in one book, although as
pointed out by Mr. Geare -^ the catalog for the skeletons, including
both recent and fossil, was started in 1840.

This double arrangement was continued through the first four
volumes of this series as follows :

Vol. I, Nos. 1 to 3,500 original and copy in the Division of Mammals. Covers

the period between 1840 and 1859.
Vol II, Nos. 3,501 to 8,850, original and copy in the Division of Mammals.

Covers the period between March 12, 1859, to May 1869.
Vol. Ill, Nos. 8,851 to 15,800, original in the Division of Mammals. Covers the

period between May 1869 to December 1877.
Vol. IV, Nos. 14,501 to 18,330, original in the Division of Mammals. Covers

the period between December 1879 to October 26, 1888.

It will be noted that the entries in the fourth volume duplicate
1,299 numbers of the preceding volume. Examination of the original
volumes shows that the entries also were repeated, so that there is no
actual duplication of catalog numbers.

Geare, R. I., Museum catalogues, Ann. Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus. for 1889, p. 8, 1891.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 345

With the closing of tliis volume a new system was put into effect,
the fossil specimens being entered in a separate book, designated as
Volume VII. This was the current catalog for the "Department of
Vertebrate Fossils." The entries begin at 30,701, and on March 26,
1891, when the book was discontinued, they had been carried as far as
No. 31,025. This volume is now in the custody of the Division of
Vertebrate Paleontology. Many of these numbers still remain on
the specimens, in addition to the current catalog numbers.

In 1889 a card catalog was started by F. A. Lucas of all the verte-
brate fossils belonging to the Museum collections that had been
entered in the earlier volumes of this series.

On November 21, 1891, a new system of cataloging vertebrate
fossils was inaugurated. The entries commenced with No. 1 and
continued consecutively, with 5,000 entries to the volume. This
method has been continued up to the present time, the numbers now
reaching 16,591. All those specimens deemed worthy of retention in
the collections that were entered in the earlier volumes were included
here, but each was assigned a new catalog number.

Some time after 1903 (the exact date is not known), the entries in
the catalog books were supplemented by duplicate cards for each entry ;
these cards were filed in an alphabetical and a zoological series under
each class of vertebrates, as Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and
Mammalia. This arrangement makes it possible to get information
regarding a spe<?imen in different ways. If the catalog number only
is available, the volume carrying the corresponding number should
be consulted ; if the' name only is available then the alphabetical list
is the most direct means. If information is desired as to available
material in a group, the zoological series gives it.

The first entry to be made in the current system is "No. 1, Mosasaw
tooth, collected by W. S. Yates, February 11, 1881, in Greene County
North Carolina." The first entry of a vertebrate fossil in any of the
catalogs was in Volume I, "No. 929, Fossil Seal, Cast of bone of
hand, from Dr. Jeffries Wyman, entered in 1852."

Cards of type specimens have the original citation, and a red
star is placed in the upper right corner; in the case of plesiotypes
or figured specimens a blue star is similarly placed on the card with
the citation.

THE PRINCIPAL ACCESSIONS TO THE DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE
PALEONTOLOGY TO THE CLOSE OF THE YEAR 1940

The following list of accessions, arranged in chronological order,
includes only those collections or specimens that have been of im-
portance in building up the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology or

346 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

are associated with its history. The records of the early years are
unfortunately incomplete, but most of the specimens of tliis period
were inferior in quality of preservation. This list has been to a
great extent compiled from the annual reports, and since the fiscal
year (introduced in 1885) runs from July 1 to June 30 of the follow-
ing year, many of the specimens and collections may have been col-
lected or acquired in the calendar year preceding the annual report
dates used here.

1850

A small lot of Oligocene Mammalia from the "Mauvaises Terres,"
or Badlands, of Dakota Territory was collected for the Smithsonian
Institution by Thaddeus A. Culbertson. This collection, with other
materials, formed the basis of Dr. Joseph Leidy's report "The Ancient
Fauna of Nebraska" (Smithsonian Contr. KnowL, vol. 6, No. 58,
126 pp., 1853).

1851

A collection of fossil vertebrates from the Badlands of Dakota
Territory was presented by Capt. Stewart Van Vliet, U. S. Army.
Plaster cast of a fossil seal bone from Maryland was presented by
Dr. Jeffries Wyman.

1853

Vertebrate remains from the exploring expeditions under the direc-
tion of Dr. David Dale Owen were deposited by the Commissioner of
the United States Land Office. It is quite certain that these specimens
were the ones collected by Dr. John Evans in 1849 and 1853 fi'om the
Oligocene of the Badlands of Dakota Territory.

1855

Shark teeth and mastodon bones from the Pleistocene of Florida
were presented by Capt. John C. Casey, United States Army. Mrs.
Mary Hereford presented bones of "Zeuglodon" from a marl bed in
Calvert County, Md.

1858

The bulk of the collections of the National Institute was transferred
to the Smithsonian Institution. See page 311 for list of fossil
specimens.

1859

The type specimen of Dystropluteus viaemalae, collected by Dr. J. S.
Newberry of the Macomb Expedition from the Jurassic of southern
Utah, was deposited by the War Department (Cope, E. D., Proc.
Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 16, p. 581, 1877) .

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 347

1860
Pleistocene fossils from Canada were presented by Prof. J. W. Daw-
son. A horse tooth from Big Bone Lick was presented by the Hon.
Kobert Mallory.

1861

An important collection of fossil fishes from Mount Blanc was
received from A, Repetti.

1864-

Tooth of mastodon from Kansas was presented by Lt. Edwin T.
Berthond, United States Army. A box of Lias fossil ganoid fishes
from Barrow, Leicestershire, England, was presented by E. D. Cope.
An elephant tooth from Las Vegas, N. Mex., was presented by Andres
Dold.

1866
A lower molar tooth of Elephas coJmribi from the Pleistocene, Petite
Anse, Iberia Parish, La., was presented by J. F. Clew (Hay, O. P.,
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 322a, p. 57, 1924).

1867

Col. C. S. Bulkley, Overland (Western Union) Telegraph Expedi-
tion, presented a tusk of the mammoth Elephas primigenim from
Bering Strait, Alaska. Miocene fossils from Maryland were presented
by O. N. Byron ; a vertebra of a fossil saurian from Aquia Creek, Va.,
was presented by E. A. Dayton; and bones of a mastodon from
Buenos Aires, Argentina, were presented by H. R. Helper.

1868
A complete skeleton of Megaceros hihernicU'S, "Irish elk,'' from the
})eat bogs of Ireland, was purchased, and a fine head with antlers of
the same animal was received as a gift from O. C. Mai'sh.

1869
Among the donations were: One box of fossil bones and teeth from
Wyoming Territory presented by Di-. Charles H. Alden, U. S. Army;
one box of fossils and minerals from Fort Bridger, Wyoming Terri-
tory, from J. V. Carter; teeth of fossil horse from Illinois presented
by Mr, Dille ; one box of prehistoric remains from France sent by Pfof .
E. Lartet; saurian remains from New Mexico, presented by Dr. W. B.
Lyons; teeth and bones of mastodon from the Pleistocene of Florida
presented by Peter Nelson ; tooth of Equus complicatU'S and bones of
a young mastodon from Washington County, Va., presented by Wynd-
ham Robinson (Hay, O. P., Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 322,
pp. 113, 189, 1923). A collection of fossil bones from Mount Pikermi,
Greece, was received from the Museum of Natural History, Athens,
Greece.

348 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL AiUSEUM vol.90

1870

Prof. Charles F. Himes presented a collection of bones from Carlisle
bone cave, Pennsylvania. Dr. Carl Hermann Berendt donated a fos-
sil fish from Mexico. Dr. J. A. Fitzgerald presented teeth from Indian
Territory (Oklahoma). Horatio N. Pease presented a tooth of fossil
cetacean from Gay Head, Mass., and Andrew Sherwood presented
Devonian fish remains from Pennsylvania.

1871

A cast of the giant sloth Megatherkmi cunisri from South America
was presented by Prof. Henry A. Ward. Casts of the gigantic turtle
Colossochelys atlas and of a South American glyptodont {Sckistopleu-
i-UTii typus) were purchased. The last mentioned is still on exhibition ;
the others have been discarded. George H. Lewis presented an incom-
plete turtle from Atlantic City, Montana Territory.

1872

One box of fossil bones from Sonora, Mexico, was presented by Gen.
James H. Carleton. A model of the Irish elk was placed on deposit
by Waterhouse Hawkins. A tooth of Ptychodus was presented by
G. H. Kalteyer.

1873

The Canterbury Museum at Christ Church, New Zealand, through
its director, Julius Haast, presented a collection of moa bones, among
which were skeletons f»f Dinonih giganteus and Palapteryx elephan-
topus and leg bones of Dinoimis gracilis^ D. casuarkis, and D. dull'
for?}iis.

1874.

A cast of the skull of Odontopteryir foliapica was presented by
Bryce ]M. AVright. From the Wasatch and Miocene of New Mexico, an
important collection of fossils was transferred by the War Depart-
ment. These specimens were collected by H. C. Yarrow and E. D. Cope
of the United States Geographical Survey West of the One-hundredth
Meridian in charge of Lt. George M. Wheeler. The collections were
described by Cope in the report of that expedition, vol. 4, 1877. The
Heidelberg University Museum, through Professor Pagenstecher, pre-
sented a skeleton of Halitherium schinzi

Fossil bones from Florida were presented by N. B. Moore. L. G.
Yates presented a cast of the teeth of a mastodon from Solano County,
Calif. (Hay. O. P., Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 322b, p. li,
1927) .

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 349

.1875

Donations included specimens of fossil teeth and bones from Badito.
Colo., by F. W. Fouch; cast of shark's tooth, by Clark Mills; cast of
fossil tooth from Iowa, by Dr. C. A. White; and a fossil fish from
Wyoming Territory, by J. W. A. Wright.

1876

A collection of fossil bones from the Miocene of Oregon was pre-
sented by S. S. Davis and William Day ; a plaster cast of the Cahoes '^
mastodon (lower jaw), New York, by Dr. James Hall; fossil bones
and teeth from Nebraska by Sgt. J. A. Leigh, U. S. Army; and a
fossil bone from Texas by Brownson & Co.

1877

The following donations were received: A collection of bones from
a cave in Ohio from W. Anderson ; portions of mammoth tusk from
Seth Beach; jaw of fossil 31 aero pus from Queensland from Dr. Ben-
nett; a collection of bones from a cave near Hagerstown, Md,, through
Prof. Charles F. Himes ; fossil bones from Wyoming from F. Hirst ;
a fossil fish from California from Otis T. Mason; tooth of Equux
occidentals from West Virginia from R. F. Taggart.

1878

Donations were as follows: Box of fossil fishes from Connecticut
from J. H. Clarke ; two fossil horse teeth from C. H. Horod ; plaster
cast of elephant tusk found near Copenhagen, N. Y., from Dr. F. B.
Hough; teeth of fossil elephant, horse, and shark from Bull River,
S. C, from J. W. Quinlion.

1879

Plaster cast of the femur of Atlantosawus immants was presented
by O. C. Marsh.

1880

A large series of mammal and some reptilian materials collected in
the Badlands of South Dakota were received from Capt. Emmet Craw-
ford, U. S. Army. These were forwarded to O. C. Marsh for inves-
tigation. A skull of Castoroides ohioenms from the Pleistocene of
Michigan was received in exchange with Prof. J. Kost, of Adrian
College (Hay, O. P., Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 322, p. 275.
1923).

350 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 90

1881

An important collection of Pliocene Peace Creek fossils from near
Arcadia, De Soto County, Fla., was presented by J. F. La Baron.
The collection was described by Dr. J. Leidy (Trans. Wagner Free
Inst., vol. 2, 1889). The type of Procyon sirmis from the Pleistocene
of California was collected and presented by L. Stone (Gidley, J. W.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 29, pp. 553-554, 1906).

1882

Donations included : Vertebra of a whale, Miocene, Stafford Cliffs,
Va., presented by H. C. Harmon; fossil bones and teeth from Beau-
fort, S. C, from Mrs. J. E. Jouett; plaster cast of Rhmnplwrhynchus
fhyllums showing wing membrane was presented by O. C. Marsh ; a
box of fossil mammals, Myodes and Lagomys^ from Germany from
Prof. A. L. Nehring ; and a vertebra of a whale from Patuxent River,
Md., from T. J. Stone.

188S

A valuable collection of bones and relics from Kent's Cavern, near
Lamorna Torquay, England, as a gift from Lord Holdon, received
through William Pengelly, who was asked to prepare a treatise on
this subject to be published by the Smithsonian Institution. Other
donations were a tooth of Equus cabdllus from South Carolina, from
J. P. Caldwell: two boxes of mastodon, Equus, and Mylodon bones
from New Iberia, La., from William Crooks (Leidy, Joseph, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1884, p. 22; Trans. Wagner Fre« Inst.,
vol. 2, pp. 35, 1889) ; fossil fishes from Ohio from R. N. Fearson; a
fossil bone, tooth, and rib from Tampa Bay, Fla., from Elias
Hempstead.

1885

A collection of 20 species of Pleistocene animals from near Whites-
burg, Hamblen County, Term., collected by Ira Sayles (Hay, O. P.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 85, 1921) . '

A collection of 72 large boxes of fossil vertebrates, a portion of the
Marsh collection, was transferred to the Museum by the United States
Geological Survey. Bones and teeth of a Mastodon from the Pleisto-
cene of Kansas were presented by Dr. A. G. Chase.

A small collection of Pleistocene fossils from near Rogersville, Tenn.,
was presented by James W. Rogan (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 58, p. 83, 1921).

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 351

A small collection of Oligocene vertebrates, including Testudo
oiveni, type of Testvdo (ndhertsoni^ Archaeotherium mortoni^ Rhinoc-
eros sp., and Oreodon Gulbertsonl (Owen's Report of the Geological
Survey of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, 1852) was deposited by
Indiana State University.

A small collection of tortoise and bird bones from Mascarene Islands
was received in exchange with the Museum of Cambridge University,
Cambridge, England. A skull of Thoracosaurus neocesariensk from
the Cretaceous, Aquia Creek, Va., was presented by Nelson C. Page.

18S9

A plaster cast of the skeleton of Phenacodus priTtiaevus was pur-
chased from E. D. Cope ; a collection of the fossil fish Leueisous tuTne7i
from the Miocene of Esmeralda County, Nev., was transferred by the
United States Geological Survey (Lucas, F. A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 23, pp. 333-^34, 1900).

1891

A partial skull of Bison latifrons from the Pleistocene of the Willa-
lacoochee River, Fla., was presented by Gen. fj. W. Colby (Hay, O. P.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 21, p. 767, 1898).

1892

A most important accession was a collection of 380 prepared speci-
mens, a second consignment from the Marsh collection, transferred by
the United States Geological Survey. It contained three ceratopsian
skulls, including the type of Tnceratops elatus (Marsh, O. C, Amer.
Journ. Sci., vol. 42, p. 265, 1891), from the Lance, Upper Cretaceous,
of Wyoming; a series of 10 titanothere skulls representing several
genera from the Oligocene of Nebraska and South Dakota ; skulls and
other remains of Teleroceras fossiger from the Pliocene of Long Island,
Kans. ; and a few other Tertiary fossils and some rare casts.

A collection of mammalian fossils from the estate of Joseph Leidy
was transmitted as a gift by the United States Geological Survey.

189S

A small collection of mammalian specimens collected by Frank
Burns from the Miocene of Maryland and Virginia was transmitted
by the United States Geological Survey.

189A
The most important accession was a collection of Basilosmirus ce-
toides specimens made for the Smithsonian Institution by Charles
Schuchert from the Jackson, Upper Eocene, of Choctaw County, Ala. :

352 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Skull and lower jaws; a series of 24 dorsal vertebrae, 15 dorsal ribs,
sternal bones of a second individual, and numerous other bones (Kel-
logg, R., Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 482, pp. 7-20, 1938). A
skull of Castoroides ohioensh from the Pleistocene near Logansport,
Ind., was presented by L. S. McFadin (Lyon, Marcus W., Amer. Midi.
Nat, vol. 17, No. 1, figs. 81, 82, 1936) . The type skull and lower jaw of
Mesoteras kemanm (Cope, E. D., Amer. Nat., vol. 4, p. 128, 1870) were
presented by the State Museum of North Carolina.

1895

A skull of Portheus molossus from the Niobrara, Upper Cretaceous,
of Kansas was received in exchange from Edward E. Howell ; a skull
of Bkon from the Pleistocene of Kansas was presented by Dr. A. G.
Chase ; a skeleton of I chthyosauo^i^ quadncissus from the Jurassic of
Lyme Regis, England, was received in exchange with the Wagner
Free Institute.

Other accessions for this year were : Case of the skeleton of Pelago-
saurus typus, in exchange with the University of Caen, France ; plas-
ter casts of the skull of Ichthyosaurus platyodon; a skull of Elephas
ganesa; a skeleton of Plesiosaui^rS dolichoderius ; a skeleton of Plesio-
saurus macrocephalus, purchased from Ward's Natural Science Estab-
lishment; casts of vertebrate specimens received in exchange with
the La Plata Museum, Argentina ; skull of Toxodon^ skull of Trlgodon,
skull and jaw of Nesodon^ jaw of Nesodon^ skull and jaw of Propdl-
aeohoplophorus^ skull of Dasypotherium., femur, tibia, and fibula of
Brontomis; skull of Onohippidium and deformed skull of Astra-
pothenum; 22 casts of mammalian specimens from the Paris Basin,
received in exchange with the Museum of Natural History, Paris ; the
sixth installment of the Lacoe collection contained three boxes of
fossil fishes.

An important collection of 28 Triassic fishes from Massachus-etts.
collected by S. Ward Loper, was received as a gift from the United
States Geological Survey.

1896

The most important accession acquired this year was the Lacoe
collection of fossil plants and invertebrates, which included 408 fish,
amphibian, and reptilian, specimens received as a gift from the heirs
of R. D. Lacoe. Among the vertebrates the Tertiai*y was represented
by specimens from the Green River of Wyoming and from Switzer-
land ; Triassic by specimens from the Appalachian region ; Paleozoic
by specimens from Great Britain, France, and the coal fields of Ohio.
Pennsylvania, and Mazon Creek, 111. Many of the Ohio spe-cimens are
now unique, since further specimens cannot be obtained because of the
exhaustion of the coal mines.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 353

All important lot of Basiloscmni.s- cetaules remains, including
the types of Pterosphenus schucherti (Lucas, F. A., Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mns., vol. 21, p. 637, 1898) and Hadrianus schucherti (Hay, O. P.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, p. 22, 1899) , was collected for the Museum
from the Jackson (Eocene) of Alabama by Charles Schuchert. This
material supplemented the collection made in 1894, and from the two
collections a skeleton was mounted for exhibition (Gidley, J. W., Proc.
U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 44, p. 649, 1913 ; also described by R. Kellogg,
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 482, 1936). In exchange with Dr. PI.
Crediier, a collection of amphibians came from near Dresden, Germany.

1897

A fine example of a fossil ray, Xiphotrygon acutidens^ from the
Green River shales of Wyoming was purchased from R. L. Craig.

The types of Heterodontosuchus ganei from the Triassic of southern
Utah, and of Dinictls major from the Oligocene of western Nebraska,
described by F. A. Lucas (Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 6, pp. 399-400,
1898), were transferred from the United States Geological Survey.

1898

An important collection of fossil fishes made by the Hay den sui'veys
of 1870, 1872, and 1873 and by A. C. Peale in 1877, and retained by
E. D. Cope for study and description, was returned by the executors
of his estate. This collection of 175 specimens, principally from the
Eocene, Green River, shales of Wyoming, contained a large number
of type and figured specimens. These were described by Cope ( [)rin-
cipally in Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. 3, 1884) .

A skull and lower jaws, with associated fore limbs and feet and skin
impressions, of Thespesius ann^ctens, from the Lance, Upper Creta-
ceous near Forsyth, Mont., were purchased from Robert Butler. The
skin impressions were described by J. B. Hatcher (Ann. Carnegie Mus..
vol. 1, p. 130, fig, 1, 1901) as CJaosaurm.

The type specimen of Hoplitosofurus mars hi collected by N. H. Dar-
ton from the Lakota sandstone. Upper Cretaceous, near Buffalo Gap,
South Dakota, was transferred by the United States Geological Survey
(Lucas, F. A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 23, pp. 591, 592, pis. 23, 24,
1901).

Two carloads of vertebrate fossils (part of the Marsh collection)
Avere received from the Mai^h laboratories in New Haven, Conn., as
-I transfer from the United States Geological Survey.

An important collection of 138 Paleozoic shark spines and teeth
from near Keokuk, Iowa, was purchased from Lisbon Cox.

292963—41 4

354 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

1899

A well-preserved skull of Hyracodon nehrascensis from the Oligo-
cene was presented by A. W. Barber. A small collection of mam-
malian specimens from the Oligocene, near Oelrick, S. Dak., made
by N. H. Darton was transmitted by the United States Geological
Survey. It contained a nearly complete skeleton of Meryco'idodon
gracilis (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 31, pp. 513-514,
1907). A collection of fish remains from the Niobrara, Upper Cre-
taceous of Kansas, was presented by Dr. A. B. Baker. The type
skull of Vrsus procerus (Miller, G. S., Jr., Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing-
ton, vol. 13, pp. 53-56, 1899) from the Pleistocene of Ohio was pre-
sented by W. G. Roberts.

1900

Final consignment (5 carloads) of the Marsh collection of fossil
vertebrates, consisting of 590 boxes and crates, having a total weight
of 80 tons and a roughly estimated valuation of $150,000, was trans-
ferred by the United States Geological Survey. This consignment
was received in 1899 but not accessioned until 1900. A skeleton of
Lepidosteus atrox from the Eocene of Wyoming was presented by
Charles Schuchert. A collection of phytosaurian materials made by
Barnum Brown, including the types of Placerias hestemus and Meto-
posaurus fraasi (Lucas, F. A., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, pp. 193-
195. 1904), from the Triassic of Arizona, was transmitted by the
United States Geological Survey.

A skull of Arclmeotherkini mortom from the Oligocene of South
Dakota was purchased from L. W. Stilwell.

1901

A well-preserved skeleton of Hesperom'ts regaJls from the Niobrara
formation. Upper Cretaceous, of Kansas, was purchased from Han-
del T. Martin. This specimen was mounted for exhibition (Lucas,
F. A., Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 45, p. 95, 1903) ; a small collection
of bird bones, including the types of Pufflnus eyermmd and Tanta-
lus milne-ed'wardsi (Shufeldt, R. W., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel-
phia, 1896, p. 511), from the Middle Miocene of France, was pre-
sented by Robert W. Shufeldt.

A skeleton of Maafodon americanv.^^ a female, from the Pleisto-
cene found near Church, Hillsdale County, Mich., was purchased
(Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 30, p. 610, 1906).

A skull and one tusk, the type of Elephas roosevelti, from the
Pleistocene, found near Ashland, Cass County, 111., were purchased
(Hay, O. P., Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 35, p. 101, 1922).

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 355

1902

Accessions included a collection of teeth of Camelop.H, Symlos,
Maw.mut america?mm, Elephas columhi, and E. Imperator from the
Pleistocene in a spring near Afton, Okla., made by W. H. Holmes
(Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 58, p. 117, 1921 ; Indiana
Geol. Surv., vol. 26; Iowa Geol. Surv., vol. 23).

Plaster casts of five restorations of the heads of as many genera
of Brontotheres were received in exchange with the American Mu-
seum of Natural History.

1903

Teeth of Mastodon humhoMti an.d M. cordilleinim and plaster casts
of mandibular rami were received in exchange with the British Mu-
seum of Natural History.

A slab of sandstone showing Pennsyivanian footprints from Mount
Carbon, Pa., was presented by Dr. H. J. Herbein. A tooth of Gladodus
foi'mosus from Needle Mountain quadrangle, collected by Dr. Wliit-
man Cross, was transferred by the United States Geological Survey.

190 A

A complete skeleton of Rhmnphorhynchus geinmingi showing impres-
sions of the wing and tail membranes (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 30, 1906) and fossil fishes of the genera Aspidorhyn-
chv.s, Catuinzs, Sqiiatina. Hypsocormus^ Pholidophoynis^ and Gyrodus^
from the Upper Jurassic near Eichstatt, Germany, were purcku-ed
from Fritz Ehrensberger. Complete skeletons of Stenosau7^^ hoJlen-
sis and Ichfhyosm'rus qiuulriciss-us from the Lias of Wiirttembeig,
Germany, were purchased from F. Krantz.

A skull of Bison aUeni with horn and external sheaths, from the
Pleistocene near Rampart, Alaska, was presented by D. McLean (Hay,
O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 46, p. 182, 1914) .

1905

A small collection of mannnalian specimens from the Wasatch,
Eocene, of the Big Horn Basin, Wyo., made by Dr. C. A. Fisher was
transferred by the United States Geological Survey. A collection
of Pleistocene mammals from Alaska, made by A. G. Maddren, was
transferred by the Smithsonian Institution (Maddren, A. G., Smith-
sonian Misc. Coll., vol. 49, pp. 1-117, 1908).

1906

The most important acquisition of this year was a beautifully pre-
served skeleton of SiTwpa grangeri (Matthew, W. D., Proc. U. S. Nat.

356 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Mus., vol, 30, pp. 203-233, 1906) and specimens of Amyda aequa (Hay,
O. P., Carnegie Inst. Wasliington Publ. 75, pp. 517-519, 1908) from
the Eocene, Bridger formation of Wyoming. These were transferred
by the United States Geological Survey.

A musk-ox skull from the Pleistocene of Yukon Territory was pre-
sented by J. B. Terrell through Dr. W. H. Osgood, who subsequently
described it as the type of Symhos terreUi (Smithsonian Misc. Coll.,
vol. 48, pp. 173-183," 1905).

A second musk-ox skull {Gldleya zuniensis) from the Pleistocene
of New Mexico was presented by the Department of the Interior. It
was originally described by Dr. J. W. Gidley as Lwps (Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 30, pp. 165-167, 1906) .

1907

Plaster casts of the skeleton of Pareiasawms hfiini and other rep-
tilian skulls, all from the Karoo Beds of South Africa, were received
in exchange from the British Museum of Natural History. A speci-
men of Lepisosteus simplex from near Cody, Wyo., was presented by
Jeremiah Ahern. The type of Echmatemys rlvalis (Hay, O. P., Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35* pp. 164-166, 1908) from Wasatch, Eocene of
Wyoming was transferred by the United States Geological Survey.

1908

An important collection of 99 United States and South American
vertebrate specimens was received in exchange with the American
Museum of Natural History in settlement of a claim for certain Gov-
ernment-owned specimens that were retained in the Cope collection
when it went to that institution. This collection contained many rare
species, including the type mounted skeleton of Hoplophoneiu'< robus-
tus (Adams, G. I., Amer. Nat., vol. 30, p. 49, 1896) from the Oligo-
cene of South Dakota, and a skull and jaws of Uinfafheriuin tnirahile
from the Washakie (Eocene) of Wyoming.

The Hambach collection, assembled by the late Prof. Gustav
Hambach, was presented by Frank Springer. Although consisting
primarily of invertebrate fossils it also contained a considerable
number of Paleozoic fish remains, some reptiles and mammals from
this country and abroad, as well as a few from the Sliumard collec-
tion, which Professor Hambach had previously acquired.

A collection of Pleistocene mammals made by Charles W. Gil-
more for the Smithsonian Institution in Alaska in 1907 (Gilmore,
C. W., Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol 51, pp. 1-38, 1908) ; skulls of Bison
erassicomis (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 46, pp. 179-183,
1914) ; and a musk-ox skull the type of a new species Ovihos yukon-

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 357

e/^sw (Gidley, J. W., Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 34, pp. 681-683,
1908) were the outstanding specimens.

A fossil tui'tle from the Niobrara (Upper Cretaceous) of Kansas
was purchased from Charles H. Sternberg. It was subsequently de-
scribed by O. P. Hay as the type of To.vochelys stenopora (Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 36, p. 191, 1909).

A lower jaw of Eqwus occldeiitaJis from the Pleistocene of Nevada
was presented by C. A. Gaby. A natural cast of a chimaeroid egg
case collected by N. H. Darton from the Montana, Upper Cretaceous
of Wyoming, was transferred by the United States Geological Sui--
vey. Five fossil fishes from Ceara, Brazil, were presented by David
Starr Jordan. A cast of the skull of Zeuglodon hydrarchus
[ = Zygorhiza kochii] was received in exchange with Teyler's Mu-
seum, Haarlem, Netherlands.

The types of Delphlnodon divklum (True, F. W., Journ. xicad.
Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15, pp. 165-194, 1912) and PsepliopKovm
calvertensis (Palmer, William, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol, 36, pp. 369-
373, 1909) and other Miocene vertebrates from the Calvert formation
of the Chesapeake Bay region were collected and presented by
William Palmer.

1909

A collection of 300 specimens from the Fort Union (Paleocene)
of Sweet Grass County, Mont., containing many new and little-known
mammalian forms and the type of Hoplochelys caelata (Hay, O. P.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, pp. 163-164, 1908), was made for
the Museum by A. C. Silberling. A woolly rhinoceros skull from the
Pleistocene of Russia was purchased from E. Pfizenmayer. Two ac-
cessions comprising a very considerable and interesting series of Creta-
cean remains from the Miocene of Calvert Cliffs, Calvert County, Md.,
were presented by Frederick W. True.

The type specimen of Lissoprion fcrnerl (Hay, O. P., Science, new
ser., vol. 26, pp. 22-24, 1907) from the Upper Carboniferous of Idaho
was presented by W. F. Ferrier. A partial skeleton of Glyptodc/ii
petaliferus from the Pliocene of Texas was presented by (). S. Shelton
(Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 51, p. 107, 1916).

1910

The Fort Union collections from Montana were augmented by 70
additional specimens, collected by James W. Gidley and A. C. Silber-
ling, working under the auspices of the United States Geological Sur-
vey. A further contribution was made by the Geological Survey in
a small collectioii of turtles made by James W. Gidley and James H.

358 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

Gardner from the Upper Cretaceous of the San Juan Basin of New
Mexico (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 38, pp. 307-326, 1910).
A complete crocodile skull and lower jaws described by Charles W.
Gilmore as the type of Leidyosuchus sternbergi (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 38, pp. 485-502, pis. 23-29, 1910) from the Lance, Upper Cretace-
ous, and a complete skull and neck of Glidastes velox from the Nio-
brara formation, Upper Cretaceous of Kansas were purchased from
Charles H. Sternberg. A plaster cast of the rhynchocephalian reptile
Homoeosaums maximiliam was purchased.

1911

A third addition to the collection of Fort Union mammals was made
by purchase of 55 specimens from A. C. Silberling. A second con-
signment of 20 mammal and reptile specimens from the American
Museum of Natural History completed the exchange for the Cope
materials ; of the specimens transmitted a partial skeleton of Dimetro-
don inohius and a skull of Eryops from the Permian of Texas are
worthy of special mention. Plaster casts of the skull of G amptosawrus
nanv^ and of the e^jidermis of a hadrosaurian "mummy" constituted a
second exchange with this same institution. A molar tooth of Elephas
columhi from Placita, N. Mex., was presented by E. D. Cope (Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1874, p. 221).

1912

Type and figured specimens described by E. D. Cope (Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, p. 192, 1869) constituted the outstand-
ing accession of this year. The types were of Polydectes hiturgidus,
Hadrosaurus tripos^ and HypHibema crassicaiida., all from the Upper
Cretaceous of North Carolina. They were deposited by the North
Carolina Department of Agriculture, through H. H. Brimley, curator
of the State Museum. A unique type specimen consisting of the jaws
and teeth of the extinct shark Edestus 7n'u'V8 (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 42, pp. 31-38, 1912) from the Carboniferous of Iowa
was presented by the Smitlisonian Institution.

A composite rhinoceros skeleton {Diceratherium cooki), now
mounted and on exhibition, from the Lower Miocene of Nebraska
was received in exchange with the Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh.
A plaster cast of the hind leg and foot of Diplodocus caimegii was
received in exchange with this same institution. A turtle, Stylemys
nehrascensis^ from the Oligocene of Wyoming was purchased from
Charles H. Sternberg. A lower right molar of Elephas columhi
from Tama, Iowa, was presented by Fred Herschel (Hay, O. P.,
Iowa Geol. Surv., vol. 23, p. 447, 1912).

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY GILMORE 359

The type specimen of Neurankylus wyomingensis from the Upper
Cretaceous of Wyoming was transferred by the United States Geo-
logical Survey (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56,
p. 113,1920).*

1913

The Fort Union collection from Montana was further increased by
the purchase of 400 specimens from the collector A. C. Silberling
(Simpson, G. G., U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 169, pp. 1-279, 1937) . A most
important collection of Pleistocene mammals, representing 22 genera,
several of which were new, was made by James W. Gidley from the
"Cumberland Cave" near Cumberland, Md. A collection of Pleisto-
cene fossils made by Copley Amory, Jr., for the Museum along the
Old Crow River, Yukon Territory, was transferred as a gift from the
Smithsonian Institution. It contained a unique specimen, the foot
bone of a camel, the first evidence of the former occurrence of this
animal north of the Arctic Circle (Gidley, J. W., Smithsonian Misc.
Coll., vol. 60, pp. 1-2, 1913). C. P. Snyder presented a skull of
Equus niohrarensh alashae (Hay, O. P., Smithsonian Misc. Coll.,
vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 1-18, 1913) and a mastodon tooth, both from the
Pleistocene of Alaska. Cetacean specimens, including the type of
Panetobalaena 'palmeri (Kellogg, R., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.. vol. 63,
pp. 1-14, 1924) from the Calvert, Miocene, of the Chesapeake Bay
region, were presented by William Palmer and A C. Weed of the
Museum staff.

An upper molar of a mastodon and a skull of Symhos cavifrons^
both from the Pleistocene of Mason County, 111., were presented by
John Wiedmer (Hay, O. P., Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. ;'>22,
pp. 103-104, 1.923).

19U

The important accession of this year was a collection of dinosaur
remains collected by Charles W. Gilmore, working under the auspices
of the United States Geological Survey, from the Two Medicine
formation. Upper Cretaceous, of Montana, inside from filling an
important gap in the collections, this assemblage furnished the type
of a new genus and species {BrdchyGeratops mo n fane mis) of the
Ceratopsia (Gilmore, C. W., U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 103, pp.
1-38, 1917).

Another installment of Pleistocene fossils from the Cumberland
Cave deposit was collected by James W. Gidley. The specimens
included a mountable skeleton of Pl-atygonns cumherlandensh (Gid-
ley, J. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.' 57, pp. 651-678, 1920), and
many good skulls and articulated limbs and feet, in part belonging
to genera and species not previously recognized from this locality
(Gidley, J. W., and Gazin, C. L., U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 171, pp.
1-99.1938).

360 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

A small collection of Pleistocene animal remains from Saltville,
Smyth County, Va., was presented by H. D. Mount (Hay, O. P.,
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 322, pp. 145-352, 1923).

Collecting in the local Miocene field in the cliffs along Chesapeake
Bay by William Palmer and Norman H. Boss yielded a complete skull
and lower jaws with much of the articulated skeleton of the long-
beaked porpoise Eurhirwdelphis ho8si, a beautifully preserved short-
beaked porpoise skull {Kentriodon pernix), and many parts of these
same animals.

Other noteworthy accessions for this year were a well-preserved
slaill of Bison allenl with the horn sheaths and five articulated cervical
vertebrae from the Pleistocene of Alaska, purchased (Hay, O. P..
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 46, pp. 183-189, 1913) ; the type of Crosso-
tfZos armulatiis, a Permian amphibian from Oklahoma, received in
exchange with Dr. E. C. Case (2d Ann. Rep. Geol. and Nat. Hist.
Terr. Oklahoma, p. 15, 1902) ; and teeth and jaw fragments of the type
of Titanoides p7'iiiiaevus from the Fort Union of North Dakota, re-
ceived by transfer from the United States Department of Agriculture
through Vernon Bailey (Gidley, J. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 52,
pp. 431^35, 1917).

1915

A composite skeleton of Aenocyondirus and three skulls and jaAvs of
the same from the famous Rancho La Brea, Pleistocene asphalt de-
posits, California, were received in exchange with the University of
Cali f ornia. A large mosasaur skeleton, consisting of the skull, jaws, 50
vertebrae, and portions of the paddles from the Bearpaw formation,
Upper Cretaceous of Montana, was purchased from Guy L. Wait.
A remarkably well-preserved skull of the rare Desmostylus hespe-t^us
from the Miocene of Oregon was purchased (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 49, pp. 381-397, 1915) . A final consignment of Pleisto-
cene mammals from the "Cumberland Cave," consisting of 15 skulls,
was received. A partial skeleton of a very large Mastodon anieri-
canu^ from the Pleistocene of Indiana was presented by W. D.
Pattison, with permission to unearth the remaining parts. The type
slmll of Nothrothe7'iunv texanmii from the Pleistocene of Texas was
received in exchange with Baylor University (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 51, p. 116, 1917) .

A collection of 30 dermal plates of armored dinosaurs from the
Lance, Upper Cretaceous, of Wyoming was presented by Dr. G. R.
Wieland (Wieland, G. R., Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 31, pp. 112-
124, 1911). A small collection of Pleistocene manmiials from the
vicinity of Denver, Colo., was presented by Prof. George L. Cannon
(Hay,'0. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 599-603, 1922).

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 361

The most vahuible accession of the year was the remainder of the
skeleton of a large Mastodon amenca^ius from the Pleistocene of
Indiana, presented by Maj, H. H. and W. D. Pattison. The skele-
ton is now mounted and on exhibition (Lyon, Marcus W.. Amer. Midi.
Nat., vol. 17, p. 336, fig. 116, 1936) .

The Fort. Union mammal collection from Montana was increased by
the purchase of a small assemblage of specimens from A. C. Silberling.
A collection of Pleistocene specimens made by Benno Alexander, vho
accompanied the 1914-15 Korean Expedition to the Kolyma liiver
region in northern Siberia, was presented by the Smithsonian Insti-
tution. It included about 200 individual specimens, the most im-
portant being a fine skull of Eleplia.^ j)nmi genius.

A skull of Canis orciitti from the Pleistocene of California was
received in exchange with the California State Normal School of Los
Angeles. The type specimen of the fossil fish Evesthes jordani from
the Miocene of California was presented by Dr. J. Z. Gilbert (Bull.
Dept. Geol. Univ. California, vol. 5, pp. 405-411, pis. 41-43, 1910).
Plaster casts of the type of Allosau7%is fragilis were received in ex-
■change with the Peabody Museum of Natural History. The United
States Geological Survey transferred some 30 vertebrate specimens,
representing 9 species of fossil fishes and reptiles from the Upper
Cretaceous of the San Juan Basin, N. Mex., including the types of
Baena nodosa and Neunmkylus haiiH (Gilmore, C. W., U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Pap. 98-Q, pp. 290-295, 1916) .

1917

A collection of Permian vertebrates made by Charles H. Sternberg
in Baylor County, Tex., was purchased. It contained a good skeleton
of Dimetrodon gigas^ now mounted (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 56, pp. 525-539, 1919), besides partial skeletons of three other
individuals. Also worthy of special mention are skulls and partial
skeletons of the following genera : ('ardiocephalus., Lysorophus, Diplo-
caulus, Seymo'uria, Lahidosaurus, and Parlotichiis, as well as a great
quantity of unidentified materials of lesser value.

A collection of fossil reptile and cetacean remains, including the
types of Goniopholis affims, Cetotheriwrti crassangidmn, and Metopo-
eetm durinastis, from the Arundel formation, Cretaceous and Calvert,
Miocene of Maryland, was deposited by Goucher College.

A collection of 400 small mammal specimens was made from the
Pleistocene cave deposits of western Cuba by William Palmer.

A small collection of turtles from the Upper Cretaceous (Belly
River), containing the types of Aspideretes latus and Boremys alhert-

362 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MTJSEUM vol.90

ensis, purchased from Charles H. Sternberg (Gihnore, C. W., Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56, pp. 113-132, pis. 29-37, 1919).

The type skull and lower jaws of Equus lambei from the Pleisto-
cene of Gold Kun Creek, Yukon Territory (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 53, pp. 435-443, 1917), and a partial skull of Syiribos
eavifrons from the Pleistocene of Indiana were purchased.

1918

A collection made by Dr. Jolm B. B^eside, Jr. (1916), from the
Paleocene and Upper Cretaceous of the San Juan Basin of New Mexico
was transferred by the United States Geological Survey. This is the
most important contribution from this source of recent years, there
being 50 identifiable turtle specimens, many of them complete, 16 of
which were described as new species (Gilmore, C. W., U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Pap. 119, pp. 1-68, 1920).

The type specimen of Ter^irepene whitneyi from the Pleistocene of
Texas was presented by Prof. F. H. Whitney (Hay, O. P., Univ. Texas
Bull. 71, pp. 1-24, 1917). The type of Agomphus aldbaTriensis (Gil-
more, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56, pp. 123-125, 1919) from
the Cretaceous of Georgia was presented by the Florida Geological
Survey.

Additional remains of Pleistocene mammals from Siberia were pre-
sented by Jolm Koren. These supplement the collection received from
the Koren Expedition of 1914-15.

A collection of 76 fish scales from the Cretaceous of North America
was transferred by the United States Geological Survey (Cockerell,
T. D. A., U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 120, pp. 165-188, 1919).

A small collection of cetacean remains, including the type of Eu-
rhinodelphis hossl (Kellogg, R., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 66, pp.
1-40, 1925) , was made for the Museum by Norman H. Boss.

1919

The most important accession of this year was that received as a
deposit from the Florida Geological Survey, consisting of 24 type
specimens from the Miocene and Pleistocene of Florida.

A skull and lower jaws of Monocloniics nasicornis from the Belly
River, Upper Cretaceous, of Alberta; a skull and partial skeleton of
Diplocaulus eopei from the Permian of Texas ; and a partly articulated
skeleton of Tylosaurus pr<yriger and other mosasaurian specimens
from the Niobrara formation, Upper Cretaceous of Kansas, were pur-
chased from Charles H. Sternberg.

A partial skeleton including a well-preserved skull of a long-beaked
porpoise from the Calvert, Miocene, of Chesapeake Bay, Md., was col-
lected for the Museum by William Palmer and N. H. Boss. A consider-

DIVISION OF ^ERTEBKATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 363

able portion of the skeleton of a mastodon from the Pleistocene of
Winona Lake, Ind., was presented by Frank L, Clark.

A cast of the type skeleton of Diati^jma steinii was presented by the
American Mnsenm of Natural History.

1920

A valuable acquisition was a collection of 78 specimens placed on
deposit by the Maryland Geological Survey of which 74 are either type
or figured specimens, 13 being original types. These specimens come
from the Pleistocene, Miocene, Eocene, and Cretaceous of Maryland.

A collection of 35 specimens from a cave near Bulverde, Bexar
County, Tex., was presented by O. P. Hay (Hay, O. P, Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 129, 1921). A collection of 60 specimens from
the Pleistocene, Cavetown, Md., was presented by Phillips Academy
(Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 97, 1921). A small cof-
lection consisting chiefly of horse and camel remains from Washtucna
Lake, Wash., collected by Dr. George M. Sternberg in 1877, was pre-
sented by Mrs. George M. Sternberg (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 59, pp. 607-608, 1922).

A beautiful articulated skeleton of Stenoniylus hitchcocki from the
Miocene of Nebraska was received in exchange with the Carnegie
Museum. A humerus, the type of JoMni, laeillsi (Sellards, E. H., 8th
Ann. Kep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 146, 1916), from the Pleistocene of
Florida, was deposited by the Florida Geological Survey. Two sets
of moa leg bones and one lot of crop stones from New Zealand were
received in exchange with the Public School of Lake Bathhurst, Aus-
tralia. A skull and two vertebrae, the type of Megaptera miocaena
(Kellogg, R., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 61, pp. 1-16, 1922), from the
Miocene, Lompoc formation of California, were transferred by the
LTnited States Geological Survey. A plaster model restoration of
Mastodon mnericanus by Charles R. Knight was purchased.

The type skull of Elephas horeus from Mount Healthy, Hamilton
County, Ohio, was purchased (Hay, O. P., Observations on some
extinct elephants, p. 5, June 12, 1922; privately published).

A small collection of Pleistocene vertebrate fossils was made by
James W. Gidley near Renick, Greenbrier County, W. Va. (Gidley,
J. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 57, p. 669, 1920).

1921

An important collection of more than 100 specimens representing
a new Pliocene fauna of 30 or more species was made by James W.
Gidley and Kirk Bryan in the San Pedro Valley, Ariz. Among the
more striking new forms were two described by Gidley (U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Pap. 140-B, 1926), Stegomustodon arizonae and Glypto-

364 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL IVIUSEUM vol.90

therimn anzonae, and one by Gilmore, Kinostemwm arizmwnse (Gil-
more, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 62, art. 5, pp. 1-8, 1922).
In another paper (Gidley, J. W., U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 131-E,
1922) 15 new species of rodents were described. The collection also
contained the types of two new species of birds (Wetmore, Alexander,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 64, pp. 1-18, 1924).

A block of Dicerathermm bones in situ from the Miocene of the
famous Agate Springs Quarry, Nebr., was collected for the Museum
by James W. Gidley. A collection of about 200 specimens of Pleis-
tocene mammals from a cave in Coconino County, Ariz., was re-
ceived in exchange with the University of Arizona (Hay, O. P.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 617-638, 1921). The type of
Bystra nanu.^ (Hay, O. P., 8th Ann, Rep. Florida Geol. Survey, p.
53, 1916), from the Dunnellon formation of Florida, was received
in exchange with the Buffalo Natural History Society. A skull
of Lomibeosaurus from the Belly River of Alberta; a half skull and
lower jaws of a Pleistocene elephant from an unknown locality;
and an elephant tooth from Otranto, Italy, were received in exchange
with Ward's Natural Science Establishment. A male and a female
skull of Dicer athenv.m, cooki and plaster casts of the two skulls of
the Permian reptiles Edaphosauriis and Diadectes were received in
exchange with the Walker Museum of the University of Chicago. A
jaw of Edestus heinrichil from the Mississippian of Illinois was
presented by the Southern Coal, Coke & Mining Co.; a Pleistocene
elephant skull from Ohio was purchased. Lower jaw of a mastodon
from the Pleistocene of Mississippi was purchased.

1922

Further collections from the Calvert (Miocene) along Chesapeake
Bay were made for the Museum by Norman H. Boss. Two out-
standing specimens are the type skull and parts of skeleton of Squal-
odon calvertensis (Kellogg, Remington, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 62,
pp. 1-69, 1923) and skull and lower jaws and much of the skeleton of
Zarhachis -fiageUator (Kellogg, Remington, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
63, pp. 1-39, 1924). A second collection of Miocene materials from
the Chesapeake Bay region, consisting of five porpoise skulls besides
many individual bones, was purchased from Mrs. William Palmer.

A nearly complete hind limb of Gorgosamm^^ a tail club of an ar-
mored dinosaur, and the fore limbs, feet, and pectoral girdle of a
small trachodont dinosaur, all from the Bellj' River, Upper Creta-
ceous, of Alberta, Canada, were received in an exchange with the
Victoria Memorial Museum. A series of articulated cervical and
dorsal vertebrae of Edaphosaurus was received in exchange with the
Walker Museum. A nearly complete shell of Boremys from the

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 365

Belly River, Upper Cretaceous, was received in exchange with the
University of Alberta.

A collection of skulls and several hundred bones of Bhon occi-
dentalis from the Pleistocene of Minnesota was presented by John A.
Savage & Co. A composite skeleton was assembled for exhibi-
tion from this lot (Hay, O, P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 63, art. 5,
pp. 1-8, 1923).

Parts of the famous Beresovka mammoth from the Pleistocene of
Siberia, such as skin, hair, muscular tissue, and stomach contents,
were purchased from E. W. Pfizenmayer.

A tarsometatarsus of Parapavo californicua from the Pleistocene
of California was presented by the University of California. The
type of Alamosaurus sanjuanensls from the Ojo Alamo formation.
Upper Cretaceous, of New Mexico was transferred by the United
States Geological Survey (Gilmore, C. W., Smithsonian Misc. Coll.,
vol. 72, pp. 1-9, 1922).

1923

The most important accession of many years was tlie collection of
several thousand specimens of Orestes St. John presented to the Mu-
seum by Frank Springer, to whom it was left upon the death of St.
John. The collection consists of a general collection of Devonian
invertebrates, but more important is his large and extremely valuable
collection of selachian fish i^emains, chiefly from the Carboniferous.
It contains numerous types and illustrated specimens described by
St. John in the Illinois reports, as well as a large amount of original
unstudied material. There is also included a large quantity of very
choice cestraciont fish material, much of it collected by Mr. Springer
from the Burlington limestone of Iowa, as well as two exceptionally
fine collections from the Keokuk limestone made by Dr. G. A. Wil-
liams and Lisbon A. Cox, which were purchased by Mr. Springer
and turned over to St. John, together Avith his own, for use in his
researches. Among other notable specimens in this collection men-
tion should be made of the type of Campodus {Agassizodus) varia-
hiJw (Newberry, J. S., Ohio Geol. Surv. Eep., pt. 2, vol. 2, p. 50,
1870) ; this rejDresents a complete dentition from the Coal Measures
of Kansas in a state of preservation such as has not been found
elsewhere.

Another most notable accession was the residuary portion of the col-
lection of E. D. Lacoe, of Pittston, Pa., presented by his heirs. Be-
sides the fossil plants and invertebrates, which formed the bulk of
the accession of 10,000 specimens, it also contained several hundred
fish, reptilian, and amphibian remains. The Tertiary is represented
by specimens from the Green River and from Switzerland; Triassic

366 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

by specimens from the Appalachian region; Paleozoic by specimens
from Great Britain, France, and the coal fields of Ohio, Pennsyl-
vania, and Mazon Creek, 111. It contains many types and figured
specimens.

The type specimen of the physeteroid whale {Ontocetm oxymyc-
tem^) from Santa Barbara, Calif., was presented by Mrs. Charles
O. Roe (Kellogg, R., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 66, art. 27, pp. 1-8,
1926).

1924

A notable accession was a skeleton of Diplodocus longus collected
for the Museum from the Jurassic, Dinosaur National Monument,
Utah. This specimen is now mounted and on exhibition (Gilmore,
C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 81, art. 18, pp. 1-21, pis. 1-6,
1932).

Composite skeletons of fSmilodon califoriuews- and Aenocyon dijiis^
suitable for mounting from the Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea of
California, were received in exchange with the University of Cali-
fornia ; a slab of dinosaur tracks from the Triassic shales of Virginia
was presented bj' Frank C. Littleton. The types of Trinacro-menmi-
henfonmmmi from the Upper Cretaceous of Kansas (Cragin, F. W.,
Amer. GeoL, vol. 2, pp. 404-407, 1888) and Testudo equico7nes from
the Pleistocene of Kansas (Ha3% O. P., Ivans. Univ. Sci. Bull., vol.
10, pp. 39-51, pis. 1-3, 1917) were received in exchange Avith Colo-
rado College. Further cetacean specimens, a partial skull of Z(^hci-
chw (Kellogg, R., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 67, art. 28, pp. 1-18,
1926) and one of Eurhinodelphis collected by Norman H. Boss from
the Miocene, Calvert formation, Chesapeake Bay, Md. The type of
a fossil sculpin from Nevada presented by David Starr Jordan. A
small collection of South American mammals was presented hy
Brother Ariste Joseph ; a skeleton of Elephas lacking the skull from
the Pleistocene of Franklin County, Wash., was transferred by the
United States Geological Survey. Cast of the skull of Baluchither-
imn and cast of the type of Griphodon peruvianus were received in
exchange with American Museum of Natural History, New York.

1925

The most important collection of the year was a series of fossil
footprints from the Coconino sandstone, Permian of the Grand Can-
yon of Arizona, collected by Charles W. Gilmore in coo})eration with
the National Park Service (Gilmore, C. W., Smithsonian Misc. Coll.,
vol. 77, No. 9, pp. 1-41, 1926). This collection was supplemented by
a smaller one made by Dr. J. C. Merriam and presented by the
Carnegie Institution of Washington. Two very large dinosaurian

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 367

tracks from the Mesa Verde, Upper Cretaceous, Clear Creek, Utah,
were transferred by the United States Geological Survey.

A collection of Pleistocene mannnals from INIelbourne, Fla., was
presented by Charles P. Singleton. It included the skull and mucli
of the skeleton of a mastodon. A small collection of mammalian
fossils from Chihuahua, Mexico, was presented by Mrs. Bruce D.
Brown. Three well-preserved turtles from the Upper Cretaceous,
Kirtland of New Mexico were received in exchange with Ward's
Natural Science Establishment.

The collection of fossil cetaceans was materially enriched by two
.sperm-whale skulls, the type of Aulophysetei' morrlcei (Kellogg, R.,
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 846, pp. 1-43, pis. 1-9, 1927) from
the Temblor, Miocene of California, presented by Charles Morrice,
and the type skull of Xenorophus sloanii (Kellogg, R., Smithsonian
Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 7, pp. 1-7, pis. 1, 2, 1923) from the Oligocene
of South Carolina was presented by Earle Sloan.

A collection of fishes from the Lompoc, Upper Miocene, of Cali-
fornia w^as presented by David Starr Jordan. Skull and lower jaws
of Equus Imnhei from the Pleistocene of Alaska were purchased.

Plaster casts of the type skulls of Batrachosiwhus hroioni, Dlcynodon
kolhei, and Sti'ufhiocephalus whaitsi were received in exchange with the
South African Museum. Casts of the types of Andrewsarchiis and
Proani'phicyon were received in exchange with the American Museum
of Natural History.

1926

A large collection of fossil tracks from the Coconino, Hermit, and
Supai formations of the Grand Canyon was made for the Museum by
('harles W. Gilmore (Gilmore, C. W., Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 80,
No. 3, pp. 1-78, pis. 1-21, 1927) . Additional footprint material from
the Triassic of New Jersey was received in exchange with Princeton
University.

A collection of 38 species of Pleistocene mammals made by James W.
Gidley from Melbourne, Fla., including a crushed human skull found
intermingled with the animal remains, gave important evidence of their
contemporaneity (Loomis, F. B., Nat. Hist., vol. 26, pp. 260-262, 1926) .
He also made a small collection of Pleistocene mammal remains from
Long Horn Spring, Okla.

A further collection of cetacean remains from the Calvert, Miocene
of Chesapeake Bay region was made by Remington Kellogg and
Noi-man H. Boss. Two specimens of a well-preserved skeleton of
Priscodelphinus atropius and a fine skull and partial skeleton of a
smaller porpoise are deserving of special mention.

A partial skeleton of a long-snouted crocodilian from the Green
River shales of Colorado was presented by Prof. O. M. Ball. Addi-

368 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

tional cetacean materials from the Sooke formation of British Colum-
bia were presented by Ira E. Cornwall. Type specimen of Bison syl-
vestris (Hay, O. P., Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis., vol. 48, p. 515, 1915) from
Huron County, Ohio, and a small collection of Pleistocene fossils from
Vero, Fla., were presented by Oliver P. Hay. A well-preserved skull of
Stenosaums hoUensis from Holtzmaden, Germany, was received in ex-
change with Ward's Natm'al Science Establislmient. A collection of
five turtles from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico was purchased
from Charles H. Sternberg. A plaster cast of the skull of Protocera-
tops was received in exchange with the American Museum of Natural
Histoi-y.

1927

An articulated skeleton of Portheus molossus^ three skeletons of
Protostega gigas, and two partial skeletons of Platecarpus coryphaeus,
all from the Niobrara, Upper Cretaceous, of Kansas, were purchased
from George F. Sternberg. A collection of Pleistocene mammals from
Sarasota, Zolfo Springs, and Venice, Fla., was assembled by James W.
Gidley. It also includes a partial skeleton of EUphas presented by
the Venice Co.

The type of Hypsognathus fenneri (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 73, art. 7, pp. 1-8, pis. 1-3, 1928) from the Triassic of New
Jersey, was presented by Dr. C. N. Fenner. Bones of Hesperornis and
Ichthyornis from the Niobrara, Upper Cretaceous, of Kansas, were
presented by George F. Sternberg. A lower jaw, the type of Martes
kinseyi (Gidley, J. W., Journ. Mamm., vol. 8, pp. 239-242, 1927) from
the Miocene of Montana, was presented by C. A. Kinsey. Skulls of
Equus alashae from the Pleistocene of Alaska were transferred by
the United States Geological Survey. A plaster cast of the lower
jaw of Trilophodon angustidens, the original of which is in the Lyon
Museum, France, was received in exchange with the American Musemn
of Natural History.

1928

A further collection of Pleistocene vertebrates from Melbourne and
New Smyrna, Fla., was made by James W. Gidley. A nearly
complete shell of Trachemys sculpta (Gilmore, C. W., Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 77, art. 10, pp. 1-8, pis. 1-3, 1930) was one of the
specimens secured.

A skeleton of Clidastes from the Niobrara, Upper Cretaceous, of
Kansas and a partial skeleton of Parahippus from the Miocene of
Wyoming were purchased from George F. Sternberg.

A small collection of fossil footprints from the Hermit and Supai
formations of the Grand Canyon, Ariz., was made by Charles W.

DIVISION OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY — GILMORE 369

Gilmore (Gilmore, C. W., Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol, 80, No. 8,
pp. 7-10, 1928). Types of four species of extinct birds from the
Oligocene of Colorado were deposited by the Colorado Museum of
Natural History (Wetmore, A., Proc. Colorado Mus. Nat. Hist., vol 7,
pp. 3-14, 1927). Type of Pteranodon oregonensis (Gilmore, C. W.,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 73, art. 24, pp. 1-5, 1928) from the
Cretaceous of Oregon was presented by the Carnegie Institution of
Washington.

1929

A collection of dinosaur remains, made for the Museum under the
direction of Charles W. Gilmore from the Two Medicine formation
of Montana, vas the most important accession of the year. A con-
siderable portion of the skeleton of an armored dinosaur, the type of
PalaeoscliKMS r^gosidens, the type of Styracosaums oratus (Gilmore,
C. W., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.', vol. 77, art. 16, pp. 1-39, pis. 1-10,
1930), and a skull of Dyoplosaurus are specimens worthy of special
mention.

The Florida series of Pleistocene mammals was augmented by a
collection made by James W. Gidley, It included the type of a new
bear, Arctodits foridawM (Gidley, J. W., Journ. Washington Acad.
Sci., vol. 18, pp. 430-433, 1928) . '

A small collection of mammals, made by Dr. Harold T. Stearns
from the Pleistocene and Pliocene of Idaho, was transmitted by the
United States Geological Survey; a skull of a fossil cetothere from
the Miocene of California was presented by Dr. K. F. Ousdal. Four
elephant teeth illustrated by Prof. Henry F. Osborn from North
Carolina presented by the American Museum of Natural History.
Nine slabs of fossil tracks from the Triassic of the Comiecticut Valley,
Mass., were received in exchange with Amherst College.

1930

A collection of horse remains made by James W. Gidley for the
museum from the Upper Pliocene near Hagemian, Idaho, was an
important contribution. It included the type of Plesippus shosho-
nemis (Gidley, J. W., Journ. Mamm., vol. 11, pp. 300-303, 1930),
many skulls and other skeletal parts, and also Pleistocene specimens
from the vicinity of Twin Falls, Idaho.

A collection of reptilian specimens from the Kirtland formation,
Upper Cretaceous of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico, was made
for the Museum by a party under the direction of C. W. Gilmore.
This included the articulated tail of the hadrosaurian reptile Para-
scmrolopkus tuhicen and 20 well-preserved turtle specimens, several

370 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.90

of them representing new species (Gilmore, C. W.. Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol., 83, pp. 159-188 pis. 13-18, 1935).

A group of eight articulated skeletons of Mesohipfns bairdi from
the Oligocene of western Nebraska and a skeleton of a small mar-
supial (Peratherium) from the Florissant of Colorado (Gazin, C. L.,
Journ. Pal., vol. 9, pp. 57-62, 1935) were purchased from George F.
Sternberg.

A collection of zeuglodont remains from the Jackson, Eocene, of
Alabama, was made by Kemington Kellogg and Norman H. Boss under
the auspices of the Carnegie Institution. It included a beautifully
preserved skull and lower jaws with much of the skeleton of a small
zeuglodont Zygorhiza kochii (Kellogg, R., Carnegie Inst. Washington
Publ. 482, pp. 101-176, 1936). The cetacean collection was further
enriched by a nearly complete skull and lower jaws with much of the
skeleton of a large whalebone whale collected fi'om the Calvert,
Miocene, near Governors Run, Md. ; this specimen was discovered and
presented by the Maryland Geological Survey. A partial skull of
Schizodelphis^ also from the Calvert of Maryland, was presented by
William Jones.

Two fossil amphibian skeletons on slabs, Pelonauru.^ and BrancMo-