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Accession No. 83124- Claxs No- ^^ •*>*•

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THE

PROCESSION

OF

PLANETS

BY

FRANKLIN H. HEALD

SECOND EDITION

1901

COPYRIGHTED

1901
BY FRANKLIN H. HEALD.

CONTENTS.

APOLOGY.

CHAPTER I. THE FORCES.

II. NEPTUN BAND
URANUS.

III. SATURN.

IV. JUPITER.

V. ASTEROIDS.

VI. MARS.

VII. EARTH.

VIII. VENUS.

IX. MURCURY.

X. INNER ASTEROIDS

XI. THE SUN.

XII. MOONS.

XIII. COMETS.

XIV. HEAT, LIGHT AND

ELECTRICITY.

XV. THE PROOF.
XIV. CONCLUSION.

ANNOUNCEMENT.

83124

APOLOGY.

As an excuse for assuming to point out
to my readers, that which has so greatly puz-
zled much wiser men who are especially edu-
cated in the science of astronomy, and furnished
with all the instruments and mechanism which
can in any way assist them, allow me to plead,
that we may be so close to an object as to be
able to see only the details, while one standing
farther away and not perplexed by these parts
may see at a glance the whole structure, which
has been ercted, unknown to themselves
by these men of particulars.

New theories are the work of vigorous and
healthy imaginations, and are the forerunners
of science and truth; and science would make
but sorry progress if we did not allow our im-
aginations to reach out into the unexplored
darkness. New theories which are wrong, are
very soon pulled to pieces and destroyed by sci-
ence, but if they are correct, facts and figures
already known will sustain them.

We should not be ashamed to abandon a pet
hobby, when it is tried in the crucible of truth
and found wanting, but rather be ashamed to
allow it to cling to us like dead rnoss.

If the new ideas, theories or seeming facts
hereinafter presented to thinking people for the
first time, are wrong, they will be easily demol-

istied and brushed out of the way of truth and
progress; and the sooner the better. What we
want is the truth, the whole truth and nothing
but the truth, and law and order of nature; and
we want none of the chance and changing no-
tions of the jealous aud angry gods.

I am quite well aware of the considerable
amount of orthodoxy in connection with
scientists rnd scientific societies, but if it is nec-
essary to dedicate a book, I most respectfully,
dedicate this little volume to science and invite
scientists to criticise it without mercy, with the
same cruel justice exercised by a camera. If it
cannot stand before criticism it is not true and
we do not want it.

The details of many of the points and facts,
which to me seem to fit so perfectly into this
structure, as to make it a beautiful and simple
truth, have been hurriedly passed over; first be-
cause some of the discoveries I have made are
patentable, and second, because being now a
firm believer in the wireless telegraphy of
thought, I do not care to longer delay the
copyrighting of present discoveries, lest some
more active fellow mortal should anticipate me
and carry my message to Garcia.

In the matters of the magnetic poles and the
three different qualities of heat, i. e., heat, light
and electricity, there is 'much more to be ex-
plained. There is also a large field for young
mathematitions in determining the exact age

between planets, after the relative values of the
force of gravity and centrifugal force are estab-
lished according to this discovery.

If the main principles of this discovery of
the procession of planets are found to be correct
may I hope that others will hasten to fit into
their proper places those facts and truths
which have been hurriedly passed over or
missed- I will also be pleased to explain to any
one such points as I have failed to make plain.

FRANKLIN H. HEALD,

ished and brushed out of the way of truth and
progress; and the sooner the better. What we
want is the truth, the whole truth and nothing
but the truth, and law and order of nature; and
we want none of the chance and changing no-
tions of the jealous aud angry gods.

I am quite well aware of the considerable
amount of orthodoxy in connection with
scientists rnd scientific societies, but if it is nec-
essary to dedicate a book, I most respectfully,
dedicate this little volume to science and invite
scientists to criticise it without mercy, with the
same cruel justice exercised by a camera. If it
cannot stand before criticism it is not true and
we do not want it.

The details of many of the points and facts,
which to me seem to fit so perfectly into this
structure, as to make it a beautiful and simple
truth, have been hurriedly passed over; first be-
cause some of the discoveries I have made are
patentable, and second, because being now a
firm believer in the wireless telegraphy of
thought, I do not care to longer delay the
copyrighting of present discoveries, lest some
more active fellow mortal should anticipate me
and carry my message to Garcia.

In the matters of the magnetic poles and the
three different qualities of heat, i. e., heat, light
and electricity, there is "much more to be ex-
plained. There is also a large field for young
mathematitions in determining the exact age

between planets, after the relative values of the
force of gravity and centrifugal force are estab-
lished according to this discovery.

If the main principles of this discovery of
the procession of planets are found to be correct
may I hope that others will hasten to fit into
their proper places those facts and truths
which have been hurriedly passed over or
missed- I will also be pleased to explain to any
one such points as I have failed to make plain.

FRANKLIN H. HEALD,

CHAPTER I.
THE FORCES.

THE FORCE OF HEAT AND THE

FORCE OF GRAVITY ALWAYS

OPPOSE EACH OTHER.

There are two great forces in nature which
keep matter in ceaseless motion. These two
forces, the force of Heat and the force of Gravity
have their greatest centers in the sun, relative
to the planetary system and are always in
opposition to each other.

2 The force of Heat is forever disintegrating
matter and forcing or pushing it away from
the sun as light and electricity.

3 The force of Gravity is forever crystaliz-
ing, collecting separating into its elements
and drawing it back to the Sun.

4 If there was only the force of heat in na-
ture, all matter would be disintegrated by heat
into light and electricity and sent out through
space never to return.

5 If there was only the force of gravity in
nature, all matter would finally be gathered
into one vast motionless sphere, never to be
distributed.

6 In either case all would be silence and
death, as there would be no more motion of
matter. Heat is the chemical action which
causes the life and motion of matter and grav-

10

ity is the crystalizing, condensing ossifying
and death of matter.

7 When matter is returned to the sun, by
the force of gravity, separated into its elements
the friction caused by its chemical dissolution in
that great mixing caldron of electrical energy,
gives up exactly the same amount of heat which
it cost the sun to throw it out. There can be no
loss in nature.

8 Sir Isaac Newton discovered the force of
gravity by wondering why the apple fell to the
earth, instead of falling into the sky. If he had
taken another step and wondered why it came
to be in the treetop, he would have found that
it was placed there by the force of heat, and he
would then have discovered the other great
force of nature, or rather that heat is the other
great opposite force in nature.

9 It was the force of heat acting upon the
soil, that sent the rich juices up through the
pores of the tree, to the apple blossom and it
was the force of gravity which collected, crystal-
ized or ossified their substances, bringing on
ripeness, old age and death.

10 In the case of the apple, heat was life and
gravity was death. It is the same throughout
all nature and the force of heat can never hang
an apple so high that the force of gravity will
not find it and bring it down, neither can it
send matter so far away into space that gravity

11

12

the oxygen of the air which causes the heat. We
can make thousands of combinations of chemi-
cals or elements of matter, which disintegrate
and unite with each other so readily and with
such suddeness, as to cause an explosion.

16 when heat, light or electricity is sent out
from the Sun by the force of heat, it is composed
of a perfect mixture of all elements of matter
found in nature. When it is thrown out into
the regions of space and the heat has left it or
become latent, it is crystalized and separated
into its elements, which means its different
kinds of material, such as air water or mineral,
and finaly returned to the sun, to be disintegra-
ted and reunited with the original matter of the
sun.

17 It is the chemical reuniting then, of these
elements, which gravity has separated and re-
turned to the Sun in the shape of planets, moons
asteroids, meteors and cosmic dust, which
causes the chemical friction necessary to
furnish it with a never ending supply of heat
and material.

18 Therefore we find electricity to be com-
posed of a complete admixture of all matter in
nature, in the exact proportion in which it ex-
ists, pushed out from the Sun by the force of
heat through space, carrying the life, expansion
and buoyancy of youth.

19 Each atom of its substance or fluid also

13

carries with it all the -motions of the Sun which
are also the motions of all the heavenly bodies
with the exceptions hereinafter explained (see
CH, xiii.), and is always, during its long journey
in constant and instant connection with the
Sun; a constant stream of its living energy is
always leaving the Sun and is continually ar-
riving at every heavenly body or particle of
matter in the universe.

20 Without gravity to separate matter into
its chemical or mineral elements, there could
be no chemical heat generated by its return to
the sun.

21 So it is through all nature, we must look
to these two greater forces of heat and gravity,
which are forever opposing each other, for an
explanation of all phenomena, which they will
surely give correctly if correctly interpreted.

22 What they do however is only temporary,
because what one is doing the other is as indus-
triously undoing and thus as we shall see in
the chapters following, there is a continual out-
pouring of energy from the San in every direc-
tion through space, and a constant returning
of its separated elements, guided by the minor
forces, in the great circling orbits of the
planets, moons, asteroids and meteors, follow-
ing in this long funeral procession, which had
no beginning and can have no end.

23 This discovery of the procession of planets

14

is simply that the substance of the Sun is being
constantly disintegrated by the force of heat
into light and electricity and driven out through
space and being composed of the expanded par-
ticles of the same material which was decom-
posed to produce it; is crystalized into cosmic
dust, collected by the force of gravity as the
heat leaves it, and gradually gathering into
masses, forms the new worlds in the outside re-
gions of the solar system, which as new plan-
ets are slowly drawn towards the sun as they
make their mighty orbits, until after billions
of years, they again return to recruit that great
chemical center of heat, light and life, after
having passed through many stages of evolu-
tion, from a loose cloud of gas, cosmic dust, me-
teors and stones; gathering their contrary
comet moons; passing through the fires of fric-
tion, as generated by their grinding sand and
meteors; melting by the immense heat they
generate; burning and radiating themselves
away to planets of the second class; some burst-
ing at this danger point, by their great heat
and rotation into astroids, cooling and forming
a crust; bearing life by the laws of evolution;
dying and turning their magnetic poles to the
sun; falling into that central, rejuvenating cal-
dron of heat where they are chemically dissolved
and return the heat they received at first only
to be renewed and sent out again on the same
long journey.

15

24 There are a multitude of reasons to prove
the formation of new worlds begin in the remote
space outside of the planet Neptune, who
swings in his mighty orbit 3,000,000,000 miles
from the Sun. Half the distance from our Sun
to the nearest fixed star, is 12,500,000,000,000
miles. Supposing our Sun to control by its
forces the matter distributed through this space
and there would still be a strip outside of Nep-
tune of 12,497,000,000,000 miles wide, out from
Neptune's orbit.

25 In order to better understand the situation
let us suppose this space to be inclosed in a
glass case. We would then have a glass ball of
25,000,000,000,000 miles in diameter, with
the center taken out 6,000,000,000 miles in
diameter to represent Neptune's orbit. In this
space, outside of the inner ball and inside of
outer ball, we might reasonably expect our Sun
to exercise its forces of gravity and electro-
magnetic energy.

26 Light which travels at the rate of nearly
12,000,000 miles per minute and which is com-
posed of every known substance in the solar
or any other system, as the spectroscope
plainly proves, must therefore reach this
remote regeon before it is all crystalized*

27 It is a well known fact that the space
through which the Earth travels is filled more
or less with small particles of sand and stones
and some many tons in weight. It is pertinent

16

then to ask how came they there? Not by chance
of course, because there is no chance work any-
where in nature. No doubt the San is receiving
large contributions of matter in this wa}'.

28 It is estimated that 1,000,000 meteors of
various sizes fall into the Earth's atmosphere
every hour. The Sun being 1,310,000 times as
large, would receive that man}^ times as much
multiplied by its additional force of gravity.

29 Outside of Neptune in the vast space of
which we can have so little knowledge is where
we must look for the new planets, where the
crystalized light or electricity collects by the
force of gravity, which is the first process in
the forming of a new world. Being almost de-
serted by heat in this immensely cold regeon
the mass attracts more and more as it grows
larger and its force of gravity greater.

30 This mass we perceive has now established
a force of gravity of its own which is^being acted
upon by the Sun's force of gravity and must be
considered in connection with the motions it
must now take in an orbit. It has pointed
its magnetic poles in the right direction which
of course throws its equator on the plane of the
Sun's equator and as its poles are fixed it must
revolve at its equator, without disturbing its
poles.

31 If therefore we take for granted, as we are
compelled to do by noting the fact, that every

17

plan-et and moon in the solar syste
north pole towards the same part of space,* we
see at a glance that all their equators must be
on the same plane.

32 All matter which leaves the Sun carries
the motions of the Sun with it no matter if it is
the smallest possible subdivision of matter. It
has this motion when a part of the Sun and
therefore can never loose it in space where
there is no resistance to its action. If the planets
were thrown out from the Sun in a body as has
often been supposed, scientists would not hesi-
tate to admit it would take and retain the mo-
tions of the Sun. They would no doubt admit
it if the body weighed but a thousand tons, or
but one ton, or one pound, or one ounce In fact
at what subdivision of matter can they stop in
size? Must they not admit that the particles of
electricity carry the motions of the Sun, the
same as they would if the size of a moon. As
these atoms collect into new worlds, it is a col-
lection of motion as well as of matter because
the motions of all the atoms are alike, and there-
fore the new world could take no other mo-
tion than an orbit and rotation from right to
left which we have seen is the inherent motion
of all matter.

33 Suppose we set a top spinning, if we give
it a little swing as the string comes off we give
it two motions, i.e., the rotating motion of spin-

18

ning and a circling or orbit motion wherfcy it
makes circles on the floor while spinning. Now
if we could throw it out into space where there is
no resistance, it would go on making the same
motions forever, the same as every atom of
light and electricity carry the motions of the
Sun and point their poles in the same direction.

34 All matter moves naturally from right to
left and when we find a motion from left to
right, it is an accident. This is why every Sun,
Planet and Moon rotate and travel on their or-
bits from right to left; it is the reason why every
storm center rotates and makes an orbit from
right to left and it is the reason why a soaring
bird circles from right to left. All vines wind
up a stick or string from right to left and will
not be forced to grow otherwise. It is the inhre-
ent motion of matter and applies even to our
own persons, causing us to whirl and make an
orbit from right to left around the ball room.
Blindfold a man and start him straight away
and he will at once start on an orbit from right
to left. All races are run on the track from
right to left and machinery set contrary to the
inherent motions of nature will not give satisfac-
tion. We must take notice that nature does not
do her work by notions but by fixed laws, and
to understand, we must use less mystery and
more judgment.

35 Having now started on its great orbit,

19

the Suns' force' of gravity gradually draws it in
while centrifugal force holds it out to a gradu-
ally deceasing orbit, until after billions of cen-
turies it is drawn back into that vast funeral
fire the burial place of worlds, or to be exact the
rejuvenating center of nature.

36 If the Sun is forever throwing out its en-
ergy as even Physacists admit it is, it must also
have a supply of material coming in, with
whic'h to sustain itsself. Let us then, carefully
examine this procession of returning planets,
moons, asteroids, comets, meteors and sand
which are always on their way to the Sun, com-
mencing at the farthest planet which our largest
telescope is able to reveal to us, and let each
one as we come in, give its own evidence, that
it is older than its outside neighbor and
younger than its neighbor toward the Sun.

37 Let us consider them carefully from far
away Neptune, that vast, cold, blue cloud of
dust, stones and meteors, to Mercury, the little
heavy, old dead world, which like the old dead
moon of our Earth, is held in its last struggle,
"flying fast and flying faster," while securely
bound it is being surely and swiftly
dragged to the sacrifice.

CHAPTER II.
NEPTUNE AND URANUS.

WHAT FEW THINGS WE KNOW ABOUT

THEM. THEIR COLOR, SIZE

AND MOONS.

Neptune, almost 3,000,000,000 miles from
the Sun, is so far away that even with the large
and almost perfect telescopes of modern times
it can not be very well understood. We can
however preceive that it is a vast cloud of loose
and nebulous matter of a bluish color.

39 The spectroscope shows the difference be-
tween a solid body and a mass of loose or inde-
pendent fragments collected together and Nep-
tune is of the latter class and its density is
very low.

40 It is so far away that we can see but one
of its moons and this strange body revolves
backward in its orbit, or from left to right, and
in the opposite direction to all other heavenly
bodies. This is because moons are at first caught
by the new worlds as comets, coming from
outside of the new planets' orbit which causes
them to drop behind the planet, which is mov-
ing and thus swing the wrong way.

41 This planets bluish colored disk has no
markings, not even bands, so we can tell abso-
lutely nothing about its rotation on its axes. It
moves on its orbit at the slowesi speed of any

21

planet in the system, requiring one hundred
and sixty five years 'to complete its orbit at the
rate of about 240,000 per day.

42 Neptune is 35,000 miles in diameter and
is undoubtedly growing larger by catching dust
and meteors and clusters of loose stones which
must always be forming little centers of gravity
of their own, of all conceivable sizes, in these
outside regions.

43 The finding of this stranger by computing
its force of gravity upon Uranus, was one of the
most wonderful feats of mathematical skill, per-
haps ever accomplished by astronomers.

44 Uranus is the next planet in order be-
tween Neptune and the Sun and is approxi-
mately, about half way between the two but is
still so far away from the Earth as to be consid-
erable of a mystery. However the telescope
shows an increase of warmth, by a greenish
colored disk and two faint bands. It is also,
like Neptune, shown by the spectroscope to be
composed of loose stones bat evidence of having
worked up considerable warmth when
compared with Neptune.

45 The bands show that the equator lies on
the same plane as the Sun and the other heav-
enly bodies and proves that it is rotating on its
axes and becoming warm. It is also more com-
pact than Neptune and has gained speed along
its orbit, traveling at the rate of 360,000 miles
per day.

22

46 Uranus has four moons which are large
enough to see with telescope, which revolve air
most at right angles to the planets equa-
tor or from pole to pole, rising in the south
and setting in the north. Since Uranus was at
the position of Neptune, their orbits have
turned half way over from end to end, by
the inherent motion of matter which their con-
trary action opposes.

47 Uranus is visible to the naked eye but is
very faint. It is but 32,000 miles in diameter and
requires eighty-four years to complete its orbit
around the Sun. The Sun gives nine hundred
times as much light to the Earth as it gives to
Neptune and three hundred times as much as
to Uranus, and it would make very little differ-
ence whether, it was day or night or winter or
summer on either of these planets.

48 The latter planet certainly gives proof by
its bands and the warmer color, that the fric-
tion caused by the rotation of its loose frag-
ments of matter, has caused some heat and it is
much warmer than Neptune, which gives not
the least sign of warmth.

49 We cannot be sure of the time of rotation
upon its axes further than, according to the law
of the procession of planets, the planets and
Sun all revolve alike, or once in twenty-four
hours. Their equators travel faster or slower, ac-
cording to their size. Mars, for instance, rotates

23

in twenty four hours but being smaller than
the Earth, its equator only moves 640
miles per hour. When the first class planets ap-
parently rotate faster than once in twenty-four
hours, it is only the outside shell or man-
tle that is doing so, for which statment we have
the best of proof (see ch, Hi.). A large planet
like Jupiter would move at the rate of 12,000
miles per hour at the equator, if it revolved in
twenty-four hours and the great red spots show
that the inside revolves much more slowly than
the outside. It will finally be found that they all
revolve their center parts in twenty-four hours.

50 The Sun is also covered by a loose envel-
ope, but contrary to Jupiter, we will see that its
center revolves much faster than the outside,
for good and sufficient reasons, one of which is
that the Sun is always in a molten state and
therefore not in the condition of Jupiter, as a
Wheatstone electro-dynamo.

51 No doubt when Uranus has reached the
present position of Saturn, millions years in
the future, it will have gained the same heat
and ehow a yellowish color, with bright bands
almost to the poles.

52 Sir Wm. Thompson estimates the time
since the Earth first formed its crust, to be 400,
000,000 years and geologists agree that it is a
reasonable time. This would, when applied to
this discovery, of the procession of planets, take

24

the Earth back to the position now occupied
by Mars and establishing that time as the time
between two worlds or, giving us a new planet
every 400,000,000 years. Following this esti-
mate and allowing the same time for Neptune,
we would have eleven such spaces or 4,400, 000,
000 million years for a planet to exist from its
collection by the force of gravity, until it
reaches the Sun and is again disintegrated by
the force of heat.

53 The time will come no doubt, when with
better telescopes and other instruments not yet
invented, we will be able to detect a new planet
outside of Neptune and nearly 5,000,000,000
miles from the Sun, thus adding 400,000,000
years more to the time. Of course this
time is too long to be comprehended by our
present brain capacit}^ but during the history of
many thousand years we know of scarcely any
change in the heavenly bodies, and we must go
to the history kept by the rocks before the time
of man, to find a difference of climate on the
Earth.

54 The glaciers may have existed half that
long ago when the Earth was much more
cooled than Mars is now, or should be if he were
of regular size and yet so much farther from
the Sun than at present that the winter poles
were much colder than now and winter much
longer on account of its greater orbit. For the

25

same reason the summers would be longer and
immensegroths of vegetation would be produced
during these long summers of continual sun-
shine, aided by the additional heat of the Earth
itself, which at that time had just formed a
crust.

CHAPTER III.
SATURN.

HEATING BY FRICTION. INCREASING
SPEED. ITS RINGS AND MOONS.
AN ELECTRIC MACHINE.

When we come in again, half way to the Sun
we find Saturn, one of the most remarkable of
the planets, on account of its curious rings,
which however should not be taken too seriously
as they are only comets wrapped around it in
short orbits.

56 Saturn is 898,000,000 miles from the Sun
and makes an orbit in 84 years at the rate of
490,000 miles per day. We must notice as we
go along, that each planet as we come in to the
Sun, is traveling about twice as fast as the last
one outside of it. We must notice also that
they have dropped towards the Sun about half
the diameter of their orbits, each time (see ch,
xv.).

57 Here in the case of Saturn, we have the

26

details of world making near enough to be
better understood, in that degree of develop-
ment, where great heat is generated by friction
of grinding rocks. We must be careful not to
confound this mechanical method of heating
with the chemical heat as produced in the
Sun by the chemical disintegration of matter.

58 Being 76,000 miles in diameter it will be
seen that in making one revolution on its axes
in twenty-four hours, as the center undoubtedly
does, the surface would revolve at the equator,
at the rate of 9,600 miles per hour. The surface
however travels much faster and is credited
with making a revolution in ten hours and
fifty-five minutes.

59 To illustrate why the first class planets,
Neptune, Uranus, Saturn and Jupiter, rotate
faster and faster as we come in towards the Sun
and become hotter at the same time, let us now
consider them as great electrical machines,
exalting their own motion as they revolve their
outside shell or secondary helix, and turn to a
description of the Siemans & Wheatone machine
which is officially described as follows;

"Expressed generally, this discovery consists
in exalting by means of its own action, to a
high degree of intensit\r, an infinitesmal
amount of magnetism. Conceive an electro-mag-
netic core, with a very small amount of residual
magnetism, which is never wholly absent when

27

iron has once been magnetized. Let a secondary
coil, with cores of soft iron rotate before the
poles of such a magnet. Exceedingly feeble in-
duced currents will circulate in the secondary
coil. Let these induced currents instead of being
carried away, be sent around the electro-magnet
which produced them, its magnetism will there-
by be exalted. It is then in condition to produce
still stronger currents. These being also sent
around the magnet its power rises still higher;
a more copious production of induced currents
is the result. Thus by a series of inter-actions
between the electro-magnet and secondary he-
lix, each in turn exalting the other, the eleo- .
tro-magnet is raised from a state of almost per-
fect neutrality to one of intense magnatation."
60 This shows exactly how these big planets
increase their rotary speed from Neptune to
Jupiter, as we have seen they do. Now let us
turn to Prof. James E. Keeler's description of
Jupiters' great red spot that we may basure we
have made no mistake and that the interior of
these monsters do not revolve as fast as their
exteriors,

"In 1878 there suddenly appeared a pink
spot on the surface of Jupiter of unprecedented
dimensions; the length is given as 30,000 miles
by 7,000 miles broad. In another year it was a
full Indian red. So completely did it dwarf all
other recorded spots, that it was hencforth

28

known as "the great red spot". It faded away
and was almost invisible in 1883; since then it
has had irregular spells of brightening but nev-
er recovered its pristine beauty. The time of
rotation of the red spot, is not the same as the
adjacent forms. In 1890 a large spot was mov-
ing towards the red spot but it was diverted
from its course but remained at a higher lati-
tude into which it had been shunted; it passed
the red spot at the rate of twenty miles per
hour. The great red spot, is like a bank of sand
in the river, past which the clouds go scurrying."

61 This shows conclusively that the inside of
Jupiter does move more slowly than the outside
and Prof. Howe considers this to be the case as
proved by the action of these spots (See Study of
the Sky, p, 257).

62 The outside of Saturns' rings travel at the
rate of nearly 30,000 miles per hour and Clerk
Maxwell, an English scientist, has shown by
the spectroscope that these are composed of
myriads of small pebbles, too small to be seen
individually even by the largest telescopes. Dr.
Keller afterwards proved this, by using photo-
graphs of spectroscopic observations. He showed
that the outer edge of the rings revolves in
longer time than the inner edge thus giv-
ing a grinding motion to these pebbles, which
would cause heat when applied to a planet of
like material.

29

63 A majority of astronomers now agree that
Saturn is in a more or less heated state and Prof.
Howe, in his Study of the Sky, p. 265, says:
"The placid cloud mantle in which the ball is
enveloped, hides the commotion within, but the
interior does not seem to be in such a state of
activity as Jupiter manifests."

64 This is exactly the case, and Saturn has
yet 400,000,000 years to grind, before reaching
Jupiters' position, size and condition of heat.

65 Saturn has eight moons, which travel
around it from right to left in nearly the
plane of its equator. Since it was ,at the posi-
tion of Uranus therefore it has gradually turned
its contrary moons over, until their orbits
are almost end for end and in another
400,000,000 years at the position of Jupiter we
find them in their proper place, making their
orbits on the plane of that planet's equator.

66 Neptune, Uranus and Saturns' moons do
not revolve around those planets on the plane
of their equators, which is evidance enough of
their riot coming from the planets, because if
they had, they would have been thrown cut on
the plane of their equators and make their orbits
on the same plane.

67 The rings of Saturn are very thin and sup-
posed to be not more than 100 miles thick, and
cannot be seen with a small telescope w
turned edgewise to us. Gallileo, who

30

them, supposed they had fallen to the planet
when they afterwards turned edgewise. They
were not turned back again during his lifetime,
and he died in that belief.

68 The inside ring appears to be nearing the
planet, as measurements taken by Gallileo
show when compared with the present time.
Changes would naturaly take place quickly in
so flimsy an affair, as there must be continual
collision in so much loose material and conse-
quent checking of centrifugal force, giving it a
shorter orbit very rapidly.

69 More than likely these rings may be com-
ets which have been wound around the planet
in small orbits. Jupiter has been known to almost
catch two comets in recent years. In 1879 Lex-
tels' comet became mixed up with Jupiter's
moons and in 1889 Brooks' comet, had the
same experience. The next favorable time to
view the rings will be in 1914 when they will
be inclined twenty-eight degrees to our line of
vision.

70 Saturn's eight moons commencing at the
outside are lapetus, Hyperon, Titan, Reha, Di-
one, Thehys, Duceladus and Alias. lapetus is
2,225,000 miles from the planet, being the
farthest out.

71 Belts are seen around the ball of Saturn
almost to its poles. It is only one-eighth as
dense as the Earth, another proof of its heated

31

but unmelted condition. When it does become
hot enough to melt by friction, its density will
increase and its size will decrease to the dens-
ity of a molten mass and from that sizeit must
radiate down to a planet of the second class but
it still has 400,000,000 years to reach the orbit
of Jupiter, and he is still heating and swelling.

CHAPTER IV.
JUPITER.

ITS SWELLED CONDITION. HOW IT
WILL BE REDUCED. A
SMALL SUN.

72 Leaving Saturn to its grinding and heating
and coming in once more -half way to the Sun
we arrive at the greatest of all the planets, and
greater in size than in weight. It is swelled al-
most beyond recognition as a planet and sur-
rounded by all the gases and clouds belonging
to a stage of great heat, through which every
planet must pass before it can become melted
into a body and commence its task of radiation
and later the production of life. This it could
never do if not melted and condensed. Neither
could gravity so well separate its elements, and
if they were-not separated they could not create
the chemical heat in the Sun, as they do when
properly prepared by gravity. Points upon its
surface travel at great speed and it is supposed

32

to make a revolution in a little more than nine
hours. This however we cannot be quit certain
of and as we have seen is only the motioni of its
outside shell as with the first class planets and
the Sun.

73 The bright colored bands around Jupiter
show it to be a glowing mass, almost ready to
melt down. When it finaly does so and settles
down to a much smaller size the process of ra-
diation will commence at once and Jupiter will
be a bright burning star such as Asteroid was
before the accident which bursted it.

74 It has been a standing mystery, why Nep-
tune, Uranus, Saturn and Jupiter are such
monsters in size when compared with Mars,
Earth, Venus and Murcury, but it seems very
simple that they must burn and radiate to a
reasonable size before they become cool enough
to form a crust.

75 Perhaps if Asteroid had not burst but was
now in its proper place unimpaired, a bright

burning star half or one third as large as Jupi-
ter, we would not have been puzzled so long by
so simple a matter. What could they do but loose
their heat and size by radiation. For 400,000-
000, years or more they are heat centers and
must during all that inconceivable time be
throwing out their heat and thus losing their
material.

76 Jupiter will be almost a small Sun when

33

he finaly bursts in to flames but he will not reach
the present orbit of Mars for 800,000,000 years
where he should form his crust and commence
to evolve life.

77 He is the great giant amongst planets now
but each one as it reaches his present orbit will
be the great giant. Saturn is following him and
when he has become melted and is radiating
his bulk away Saturn will be the great giant,
the rings and some of the moons will be added
to the planet's melting mass and Uranus will be
in Saturns place, Neptune will be in the place
of Uranus and a monstrous cold, blue cloud of
sand, stones and gas will come in sight as anew
world just receiving its motions and with its
comet moons revolving backward in their orbit.

78 Jupiter has five moons, four of which can
be seen with a good opera glass. They are in
.themselves a very interesting study. Their time
of transit, eclipses and occulations are given in
the nautical almanac.

79 The velocity of light was discovered by ob-
serving these eclipses. Roemer noticed that as
the planet and the Earth were receding the
time of the small moon I. did not come as soon
as it should and in wondering why it was so he
concluded that it took light that much time to
travel the extra distance, so he watched the
eclipses untill the two planets began to ap-
proach each other again, when sure enough the

34

time began to shorten and the eclipse come to
soon and from this he soon calculated the speed
of light.

80 Astronomers give Jupiter credit with a
red atmosphere. No doubt it has a fiery gas un-
der the carbonous clouds which partially hides
its great smothered heat and they will think
the inferneo has broken out again, if there are
are any of them alive when his smothered flame
can no longer be hidden under blankets of
carbon and he bursts out into a blazing mass
of fire.

81 The great red spot may have been a moon
which had been revolving around Jupiter in or
under its clouds of carbon which did not make
its appearance until it fell into the more solid
interior of the planet and received enough heat
to make it red (n. 60).

82 Summing up all the evidence we have in
sight, we must find Jupiter hotter than any
other planet in the system with the possible
exception of Mars and if so there is a reason
for it. Saturn following him is heating and
Mars before him is cooling, so that at some
point between his orbit and the orbit of Mars
is the point. of greatest heat where the worlds
melt as they come in. Up to this time they
have been growing warmer as we have seen and
as the telescope and spectroscope plainly show.
While they were heating they were also swell-

35

ing in volume as well as adding considerable
stray matter to their bulk as they generated
heat, electric and magnetic currents and pow-
er. They have revolved faster and faster and at
the same time they have traveled faster on their
orbits as they have dropped towards the Sun
until now at Jupiter, we find him traveling on
his orbit at the rate of 690,000 miles per day.

83 Saturn makes a revolution on its axes in
ten hours and fourteen minutes, while Jupiter
although thousands of miles larger in circum-
ference makes a revolution in nine hours and
fifty five minutes. We can not know the time
of Uranus' revolution but we know it is much
faster than Neptune's which is proved by its
faint bands.

84 So we see that they become more and more
great electric dinamos as they come in untill
they reach the present orbit of Jupiter which
must be near the melting point and we cannot
deny the patent fact which is in plain sight
that as they grind away these millions of years
they generate by friction, the heat which finaly
melts them down, when their increasing elec-
trical motions being no longer augmented cease
and the mass gradually settles back to the
rotary motion of the inside matter of the planet
which as we have seen is the inherent motion
of all matter as it comes from the Sun (n. 59).

85 Some astronomers explain the so called

36

red atmosphere of Jupiter as due to the sun-
light effcts upon its clouds, forgetting the plan-
et is five times as far from the Sun as we are
where the sunlight is a very small matter indeed.

CHAPTER V.
THE ASTEROIDS.

THE EXPLOSION OF A WORLD. THEY

ARE SPHERES AND THEIR NAME

IS LEGION.

86 Coming in this time half way to the Sun
from Jupiter which should be the orbit of a
planet, we find instead only its scattered re-
mains. A great celestial catastrophy, fragments
of a world which burst in the crucible. Here
seems the most absolute proof of its former
great heat and fast rotary motion. It would re-
quire thorough melting and condensing before
it could explode and that it was so we have
only to notice that each of the 600 Asteroids
which our largest telescopes are able to reveal to
us, are spheres.

87 If it had not been in a molten state at the
time of the accident these Asteroids would be
in all kinds of shapes and chunks but they are
round and smoothe. They follow the original
orbit of the planet as near as could be expected

37

but of course are greatly scattered in width and
strung along the orbit.

88 It would be of the greatest interest if we
could see this firoy planet in its original
orbit unimpaired, as future inhabitants
of the Earth will sometime see Jupiter provi-
ded of course he too does not burst in passing
this dangerous point of heat and speed. No
doubt the planet Asteroid would be much
smaller and much more condensed than Jupi-
tre because it would be completely melte and-
would have been radiating its heat and weight
away for uncounted ages. Yet it would no
doubt be many times larger than the Earth as
it would still have 400,( >00,000 years to radiate
itself away, before reaching the present orbit of
Mars.

89 Perhaps there may be trillions of these
Asteroids which can never be seen from the
Earth as they are 100,000,000 miles from the
Earth on an averag and five times as far, a
part of the time.

90 The Asteroids like Neptune were discov-
ered by means of mathematical calculation and
theory or reason. Titus in 1772 found that the
following ratio should represent the approxi-
mate possitions of the planets from the Sun.
Representing the Earths, distance by ten he
found the following ratio between theory and
fact.

38

PLANET RATIO THEORY FACT

Murcury 0x4 4 5.9

Venus "3x4 7 7.2

Earth 6x4 10 10.0

Mars 12 x 4 16 15.2

(Asteroid) 24x4 (24) (24.5)

Jupiter 48 x 4 52 52.0

Saturn 96x4 100 95.4

91 Neither Uranus or Neptune had been dis-
covered at that time but when Uranus was
discovered and found to reasonably conform to
the same ratio this gap between Jupiter and
Mars made such an impression on Bode, the
great Berlin astronomer, that he undertook
the task of finding the missing planet. It was
however twenty years before Piazzi, a Sillian
astronomer discovered the first Asteroid, Ceres.
Since that time they have been found almost
nightly by cameras which are set for them.

92 Vesta one of the Asteroids is visible to the
naked eye and although it is not the largest it
is the brightest. The diameters of the four
largest of these tiny worlds are as follows:

Ceres 485 miles

Pallas 304 ' '

Vesta 243

Juno 118

93 Eros is the nerrest known Asteroid to the
Earth and will come as close as 14,000,000
miles in 192 1. Its orbit is an elipse and at times

39

it is far outside of Mars. Being so small, only
twenty miles in diameter it is easily influenced
out of its original orbit by the planets and is of
course liable to be picked up some time by
Mars as it must cross the orbit of Mars twice
every trip around the Sun. It is expected to
furnish an exact basis of measurment by which
to correct the distances of all the other heavenly
bodies because it is so small that its exact
position can be taken at any time within a few
feet.

94 The theory that these little bodies came
from a ring of matter which was left over by
the contracting theory will not stand the ,test
because they have been melted and such small
bodies could not generate enough independent
heat to melt and we can easily see that they
are spheres of great density. They must be
cooled to the center according to their denisty
and would cool very fast after being distributed
into such small bodies.

95 If the original planet had not bursted, it
would no doubt be a bright burning star in the
most interesting stage of radiating itsself to a
planet of the second class. There is no story or
legend known in history of this firy orb so its
accident must have occured at least 10,000
years ago.

96 Perhaps if archaeologists continue to find
old cities beneath the almost mythical city of

40

Niper, they may yet find some reference to it
as it must have been a very prominant feature
of the heavens having almost the appearance of
a small Sun for at least two years out of seven
and would have been the third celestial attrac-
tion while it lasted.

97 We must be careful not to overlook any
point which may possibly throw light upon
this interesting procession of planets, therfore
we might consider for a moment what became
of the three moons which this unfortunate body
should have had in company at the time.

98 If one or more of these satelites were a
long way out (the farthest should have been in
the neighborhood of 600,000 miles) and of any
considerable size, like our own moon they or it
shouid be in sight between the orbits of Jupiter
and Mars and still preserving an orbit motion if
not wrecked in the general smashup.

99 The objection that if one planet bursts at
the point of Asteroid, they should all do the
same is not a necessary conclusion for the
reason that its bursting was due in part to its
over rate of speed in rotating, induced by the
mechanical process of generating too much
electro-magnetic energy. While nature herself
makes no mistake we know that a machine is
always liable to accident and these planets' in
fact, become great electro-magnetic machines at
this point as we;have seen. We know that Mars,

4! -iv

the Earth, Venus and Murcury have
this point safely (n. 59).
100 In reference to asteroids near the San, it
is reasonable to believe that nature would
protect her interests as she does by all the laws
of evolution and burst these now usless worlds
before they enter the Sun. In case of an entire
planet entering the Sun in one body, the great
chemical activity and consequent overplus of
electrical energy, would amount to little less
than an explotion on the Earth.

101 These planets might explode by the water
and air which sinks into their crusts as they
become cooler. When near the sun there might
be such great heat as to bring these elements
in sight again as explosions of steam, in the
great interior caverns. Prof. Alex. Winchell in
his Neublar theory expresses the belief that
water cannot approach^ the Sun, beyond a cer-
tain fixed limit.

CHAPTER VI.
MARS.

bTHE RED PLANET OF WAR. HIS
AGE, COLOR AND FUTURE
CONDITION OF SERVITUDE.

102 Once more half way to the Sun from the
Asteroids, we find the red planet of war, Mars.
Having safely passed the bursting point in the

42

procession of planets it is now in the act of
cooling and forming its crust. It is receiving its
atmosphere and water which its own heat may
have been holding at a distance for millions of
years since it began to melt in the vacinity of
Jupiter and is now almost ready to produce
and support life, which the laws of evolution
will as surely produce, as it has already recieved
its motions in the great mass of loose stones
which started on its long journey so many
million years ago, out in the borders of our
planetary eternity (n. 29).

103 We can already see snow at the poles of
Mars at such times as they are turned from the
Sun. Now if there was no more ' heat in the
planet Mars, than in the Earth it should be at
least half covered with snow continually be-
acuse it is nearly twice as far from the Sun as
we are and its winters are twice as long as ours
but the fact that there are but small caps of
snow at the poles where the Sun does not shine
for a year at a time, must convince us that it
is very hot within itself.

104 Its color also seems to indicate great
heat. Of course as soon as a planet melts the
friction of grinding material ceases and the
generation of heat and energy stop and it must
at once commence to cool by the slow process
of radiation.

105 After millions of years of radiation and

43

reducing in size it would become small enough
and cool enough to commence forming a crust
or temporary crusts, like thin ice over a pond
which would be checked or cracked to pieces
time after time perhaps. Or the contrcting of
the cooling crust might cause great crevices,
which might account for the curious canals
with which astronomers irrigate the inhabitents
of Mars. However it seems more likely that
these canals are made by the great rush of
water from the polar regions towards the equi-
torial regions after one of their long winters of
cold storms for twelve months. It is more
reasonable when we remember that Mars is
flat and smoothe. not having cooled enough to
have any mountains. It is receving its water
at its poles as snow, and when this melts it of
course flows towards equator, diging deep chan-
nels untill it is evaporated again by the hotre-
gons, into steam, to again fall at the poles
by the forca of gravity. Thus we can percieve
how these canals may be made by this endless
round of water flowing but one way, in a land
which is yet almost a level plain and probably
little or no crust forned at the equitorial
regions. No doubt the planet is much
cooler than the Earth was at the same position
in space, because, being so small it must have
cooled much faster than the Earth.
106 Mars appears to be a pigmy amongst th

44

planets and his moons are pigmy moons. Of
course there is some good reason for this which
mathemations shouln be easily able to show.
There may have been less material handy out
in the regeons of Neptune, when Mars
was being collected by the force of gravity, or
the planet comprising the Asteroids may have
stolen the comets belonging to him. One thing
s quite evident, he never was as large as ordi-
nary planets because his moons are pigmy
moons, proportioned in size to himself. Being
so small at the start he could only attract the
small fry comets. There is an old axiom
which is a law of gravity that says, " to him
that hath shall be given but to him that hath
not shall be taken, even that which he hath."
If little Mars away out in the regons of world
gathering should be smaller than Asteroid out-
side of him and the Earth this side of him, we
can redily see that they would attract farther
aud stronger and so rob him on both sides of
the material which belonged in his legitimate
zone.

107 Having cooled so much faster on account
of its small size, Mars may be in a condition to
support life at an earlier period or position in
space than the Earth was, provided the greater
distance from the Sun and smaller amount of
light does not interfere.

108 There are innumerable theories regardin

45

Mars and the probability of its being inhabited
but most of these guesses are based upon the
belief that Mars is older than the Earth
which seems to be a popular fallacy.

109 The density of a planet as in all life must
tell its age. It is the work of gravity which pro-
duces the effects of age and it is as easy to ob-
erve the age of a planet as of a man by simply
looking at it. Mountains are the wrinkles of age
which always tell us correctly the age of all
matter.

1 10 If it is possible that Mars on account of its
pigmy size, is in advance of the Earth, when
at the same orbit or age, it must still be in a
very primitive condition in the production of
any kind of life.

111 The first life generated on a cooling
planet, hy the laws of evolution, would be gov-
erned by the conditions and would no doubt be
plant life. From this it must slowly evolve and
millions of years the poisons of its low swamps
and rotting vegetation, would not permit any
higher type of life than snakes.

112 On our Earth we have the records written
in the rocks showing that even the birds were
serpentine during all the long ages of the for-
mation of coal, when there were no mountains
and when the vegetation by the asistance of
the Earth's inner heat, was] of such enormous
size and quantity.

46

113 Mars is blessed with two moons. Deimos
the largest is 12,900 miles from the planet's
surface, while Phobos the inner one is but
3,000 miles and makes a revolution around
the planet in seven and one half hours or three
times while Mars is turning once on its axis
and for that reason Phobos has the destintion
of rising in the west and setting in the east.

114 'Bf>th these moon are dead moons, having
turned their magnetic poles to the planet.
There is every reason to believe that within a
few centuries this little satelite will have ended
his long journey by plunging into the liquid
center of Mars an:l by doing so, at the same
time probably raise some fair sized mountains
and make a good deep harbor for the use of
future Martesian mariners. A percetable
shortening of the time of its orbit should be
measurable in a few decades.

115 The discovery of the moons of Mars was
predicted by Voltaire, Kepler and Swift, by cal-
culating the ratio of the number of moons from
Saturn to Venus. The number of moons fol-
lowing the planets' makes in itself a most
interesting stud}', well calculated to set an
inquiring mind to work in earnest when con-
sidered in connection with this discovery. The
further and still more astonishing fact that they
also obey the law of inverse squares in aproch-
ing their planets, gives another volume of evi-

47

dence to still more overwhelmingly prove the
procession of planets to be correct (ch. xii).

CHAPTER VII.

THE EARTH.

WHAT THE ROCKS AND DEPOSITS HAVE
TO SAY OF THE PAST.

116 The next planet, which is also in its
proper place of half way from Mars to the Sun,
is our own blessed Mother Earth, perhaps in
the very prime of her motherhood.

117 Prof. Isaac N. Vail, in his excellent
work, "The Story of the Rocks," gives both Sat-
urn and Jupiter younger dates than the Earth.
He does not attempt to show why or give rea-
sons for their positions in space, but goes on to
give proofs that the earth has long eons ago
passed the stages through which they are pas-
sing now.

118 Although the Earth is only half as far
from the Sun as Mars, and the winters half as
long it has many times more snow at its winter
poles. The snow sometimes reaches its tropical
lines, completely covering the temperate and
frigid zones; while Mars only has a small cap
of snow around its arctic and antartic circles
during winters twice as long as ours, prov-
ing, beyond the possibility of a doubt, that

48

Mars has much more internal heat than the
Earth.

119 That the Earth has been much hotter
than it is now is plainly shown by the history
which nature and time have faithfully and
plainly written upon the rocks of its crust with-
out sentiment, fear or favor. Reference may
be had to any good geology or encyclopedia, as
there is no disagreement upon that point
among savants.

120 At the time the fire rocks were first hard-
end, it is evident by their construction, as well
as by reason, that there was no water on the
face of the Earth. No doubt it was held sus-
pended or pushed out to a certain distance in
ths form of vapor by the force of heat, and that
it only fell after the force of heat had suffi-
ciently subsided so that the force of gravity
could condense and bring it down, first at the
winter poles, where the force of heat was the
weakest.

121 Prof. Vail's" Annular Theory" of the fall-
ing of the snows and vapors at the poles, would
not be in opposition therefore, to nature, and
would be in line with this idea of the procession
of planets, which, after we have examined
every part in detail, and the old laws and new
laws governing it, forms such a beautiful picture
of truth, and moreso when we see the snows
falling at the poles of Mars.

49

122 In very deep mines it is found there is a
regular increase of in the temperature as we go
down. This seems to be almost universal wher-
ever men have sunk shafts or bored wells to
great depths, and iu some deep mines it is
almost impossible for men to perform their labor
on account of the heat, all of which shows that
inside of a certain crust the Earth is more than
likely a molten mass.

123 There are also scattered over the face of
the Earth many hundreds of enormous vent-
holes or safety valves, called volcanoes, which
open down into the molten center and allow the
escape of gasses and fire at such times as the
pressure is very great. And yet with all these
safety openings there are often great earth-
quakes which destroy life and property of un-
told value.

124 Judging by the time it has taken, the sed-
ementary rocks to form and by the depth of
the drift covering the first implements used in
connection with a brain, the very earliest and
most crude human-like creatures could not have
existed but a few hundred thousand years ago

125 If tha record of the stars could have been
kept from the very birth of man's intellect to
the present time, there would probably be very
little perceptible change, unless in the flimsy
rings of Saturn; the time of the orbits of some
of the small moons, or possibly the bursting of

50

Asteroids, so vast is the difference between
400,000,000 years, the estimated time between the
age of planets, and 100,000 years, the estimated
time since human life began on earth.

126 There are many good treaties upon what
are usually known as the glaciers, which are
very profitable to the student who wishes to fol-
low out the argument of this theory; one of the
best, perhaps, is the work of Prof. John Fisk,
called "The Journeys of an Evolutionist," and
the various other works referred to by him.
What are known as glaciers were, however,
caused by the cooling of the Earth, first at the
poles, where it was coldest aud where it was in
darkness of winter (at that time being at or
near where Mars now is), twelve months instead
of six, as now, where the water first made its
appearance as snow in the winter months and
as rain in the summer, if at all. No doubt
when one of these long winters broke up and
the winter pole was again turned to the Sun for
a year, assisted by the great internal heat, there
would be a great rushing of waters to the south,
and a great filling of canals and a hissing of
steam, and we point to Mars as proof of it; al-
though as we have already shown, Mars, on ac-
count of its small size, must be considerably in
advance of ordinarv sized planets in cooling.

127 Tne Moon is so near the Earth that we
have asolute knowledge that it has no atmos-

61

phere and this fact is given as the reason of
the particularly defined lines between lights
and shadows and the absence of twilight on
oar lesser luminary.

128 The man in the Moon sees a grand show
of changing phases of the Earth, the same as
the Moon changes from dark to crescent and
full. The Earth makes a bright reflected light
upon the Moon, fifteen times as bright as the
moonlight on the Earth. It is earthlight which
enables us to see the darker part of the Moon
when it is in crescent. It is therefore never
dark on the Moon at any point from which the
Sun or Earth can be seen.

129 Here is an instance of sunlight reflected
from the Earth and again reflected back
from a surface which is known to have no
atmosphere.

130 Some Geologists and Astronomers believe
the Earth has once changed its poles and cite
instances of mastodons froze into the ancent ice
of Alaska and Siberia with their stomaches
filled with tropical vegetation. This certainly
indicates something having happened very
suddenly but if the poles ever changed to re-
volve on the line of its equator, since ordering
the life of mastodons, we would find the lines
of ice drift in two big series of circles with their
centers opposite each other along the line of the
equator, whereas they are in circles parallel to

52

the present poles with evidence that they have
never been otherwise.

131 Through a large telescope the moon has
more the appearence of having been pelted
with all sized Meteors and Asteroids than of
being rent by volacnoes. No doubt the Earth
would show many such places were it not for
the elements (which are absent on the moon),
removing the evidence, besides two thirds of
the Earth's surface is covered by water which
gives no sign. The canyon Diablo, N. M., is
apparantly one of these holes where large
quantities, of meteor or asteroid matter is said
to have been taken out. It is possible that the
last moon which fell to the earth may have left
some trace which may yet be recognized in some
great sea or sink but the probabilities are that
it fell when the Earth had but a thin crust and
passed into the molten interior leaving no mon-
oleith.

132 The Moon is shortening her orbit about
one minute in 25,000 years, so it is hardly likely
that science will ever be able to measure an
actual shortening either of the time in which
she completes an orbit or in the lessening of the
diameter of her orbit.

133 In the shortening of the time of the
Earth's orbit there should be enough difference
in a few centuries to be measurable, if we had
perfectly true instruments to measure time
and position.

53

134 There are so many things to be considered
in connection with this discovery and so many
places to check back and forth upon each other
for proof that there can be but very short lived
objection to it. When it is admitted, it will not
take scientists long to clear up many mysteries
now supposed to be unknowable.

135 There is no mystery of nature that does
not dissolve into simple law when placed under
the lens of the discovery of the procession of
planets.

CHAPTER VIIL

VENUS.

MAY BE A DEAD WORLD. LITTLE OR

NO WATER. LIFE MAY

STILL EXIST.

136 The next planet towards the sun is our
very nearest neighbor Venus, in the same ratio
of half way to the Sun from the Earth. It is
almost the same sizes as the Earth and nOydoubt
has during the past 400,000,000 years or a part
of that time, sustained life, perhaps human life.
We can produce no reason why the material of
which Venus was made was different from the
material of which the Earth and all the other
planets are made. This being the case the condi-
tions would be the same and probably at the
same distance from the Sun, nature, using

54

the same material and under the same condi-
tions would evolve much the same kind of life,
both in plants and animals.

137 If then there is in our own solar system
another planet which supports human life it
must be Venus; but the probabilities are that
the time has long since passed which would
support any kind of life. There is now some
well established doubt about Venus revolving
upon her axes in the same time as the earth,
and it is now claimed by many astronomers
that she rotates but once on her axes during
her orbit around the Sun, i. e., (hat she is held
with one face to the Sun continual^. If this
is proven to be true, then she is already a dead
world, and we could not hope to find life, either
upon the side under the eternal blaze of the
Sun, or upon the side of cold and everlasting
darkness.

138 Venus is but a few hundred miles less in
diameter than the Earth and when the two
planets are on the same side of the Sun, they
are only 27,000,000 miles apart, so that we may
yet be able by the use of greater and better tel-
escopes, other instruments and photography, to
become much better acquainted during the
present century.

139 Venus receives twice as much light from
the Sun as we do, and if the atmosphere is very
dense, it would increase the heat greatly, by

55

the friction of waving, in passing through it.

140 Some astronomers consider its brightness
due to a metalic luster received from the heat
of the Sun, and if the planet keeps but one
face to the Sun, it would certainly become
greatly heated, which experiment can be made
on our own great deserts, like Death Valley
during fourteen hours of sunshine, where the,
sand becomes so hot that it will blister the
tough soles of old forty-niners who walked
across the plains more than fifty years ago and
have walked thousands of miles every year
since, prospecting, from one delectable moun-
tain to another, hunting for the elusive yellow
metal.

141 Another popular fallacy for sensational
publication, is that the heavenly bodies contain
great stores of wonderfully valuable unknown
substances, or are composed of deposits of
diamonds, other jewels and precious metals.
The fact, however, 'undoubtedly is that they
are composed of the same material as the
Earth, but that at different stages of their ex-
istence these metals and substances were in
difierent forms, sometimes as solids, sometimes
as liquids, sometimes as gases, and sometimes
as separated elements; but as they pass any
given point on their way to the Sun, their con-
ditions are perhaps almost identical. Consid-
ering such facts as are well known, with good

56

judgment, will not permit us to think otherwise.

142 Sometime, so far in the future that it is
of little concern to us, except to help us under-
stand our present surroundings, the Earth will
have reached the position of Venus, and at that
time if there is a living creature upon the
planet, we may confidently trust, that it will be
the animal man, whose brains will enable him
to conform to, and provide against the chang-
ing conditions. For that reason it is a possi-
bility, that there is human life remaining on
Venus, but it is an impossibility that it has yet
commenced upon Mars.

143 The time of Venus' trip around the Sun
is two hundred and twenty-five days or one
hundred and forty-five days shorter than our
own year. She is 7,700 miles in diameter.
Having cooled of her inner heat the crust has
very likely taken all the water, as the crust of
our own Earth is doir.g so rapidly, and she is
thus shrinking by condensation, Hearing death.

144 The dense atmosphere, which may be
made up of the poisonous gases left by the in-
habitants after their busy life (speaking collect-
ively) of 400,000,000 is like a pall, to hide her
dead past from us, and therefore little is known
of her surface

145 One of her mysteries would be solved
and help to corroborate the solution of the
working of the solar system, if we could find
evidence of her last moon, upon her surface.

57

According to the proper procession, herein, her
last moon fell when she was near her present
position, very likely since she was devoid of
animal and plant life, and of course when her
crust was hundreds of miles in thickness. In
this case we should be able to find some sign of
it, and especially if it was anything like the
size of our own Moon, which is 2,163 miles in
diameter. No doubt so large a solid body
would break up entirely, but in the absence of
Avater, so large a mass should be visible in some
direction.

146 It can hardly be possible that it is ice
and snow (as some astronomers maintain) at
the poles of Venus, which makes the horns of
the crescent appear brighter than the body of
of the planet. In the first place, it is more
than likely to be too hot for ice and snow, upon
the light side of the planet, which is so near
the Sun; there is scarcely likely to be water
enough left, to be lying idle as ice and snow and
lastly, although we do not know the inclination,
of the planet's axis exactly, our common sense
must assure us, that there could not be ice and
snow at both poles, at the same time.

147 The brightness at the horns of the cres-
cent, are probably, due to an optical illusion,
which could be explaied by a good optician,
and cured by using a camera, and looking at
the photograph, which is as cruelly just as

58

nature, having neither conscience, imagination
or sympathy.

148 In approaching the Sun, there must be a
a point, no doubt far beyond Venus, where the
Sun's heat will bring the water out of the
cracks and depths of the dead planet, reduce it
to vapor and repulse or drive it back, by the
force of heat; because we must know there can
be no water or moisture in the vicinity of the
Sun, unless it becomes again a part of the
rocks. Perhaps in doing this the planet will
be broken up into fragments by great explo-
sions (see chapter xvi) and go into the Sun
gradually as asteroid or meteor chunks.

CHAPTER IX.
MERCURY.

A DEAD WORLD, WHICH HOLDS

BUT ONE FACE TO

THE SUN.

149 Next, still in the same decreasing ratio
of distance from the Sun, half-way from Venus,
comes Mercury, still smaller and more dense, a
dead world, worn out and almost ready for the
last funeral fire, which will finally add it to our
monster central parent. A dead world like
our own dead Moon, keeping but one face to
the Sun while it is being gradually dragged
within reach of those great waving tongues of

59

fire, which reach out hundreds of thousands of
miles, seeking what they can devour.

150 Murcury has neither air or water and can
be of no more use to nature , except to donate its
remains to the great burning center of life, to be
rejuvenated by the purifying dissolution and
expansion of fire, and again be sent out in due
time and form to the remote regions of space by
the force of heat.

151 The Sun is the great furnace or mixing
pot where the planets, moons, comets, asteroids,
meteors and all other returning matter is melted
mixed together and carried away by the force of
heat, in the exact proportion of matter
in nature. The spectroscope shows a sunbeam
to be composed of the same material as every
other sunbeam and every other world and
all matter.

152 Mercury is 36,000,000 miles from the Sun
but its nearest approach is 28,000,000 miles and
at such times the Sun's heat is twelve times as
great as on the Earth and on an average, seven
times as great. All this blazing sunlight comes
on but one side of the planet and must convert
that side into a bake-oven while the opposit
side is in continual darkness.

153 A dead moon has a change of day and
night but a dead planet is held with its attracted
pole to the Sun itself and therefore can have no
change of day and night or of winter and sum-
mer.

60

154 Every planet or other separate particle of
matter in the universe, be said particle a
great planet like Jupiter or an atom of micoro-
scopic dust, has its north and south magnetic
poles. This motion or guiding force may be a
part of the living energy of the force of heat or
it may be an attraction entirely outside of the
solar system, some great center or community
of interests towards which all magnetic poles
pointer parallel.

155 When a planet nears the Sun or a Moon
nears its planet, there is a point at which the
smaller body turns its positive magnetic pole to
the larger, the same as a needle points to a near-
by compass. This is what has happened to Mer-
cury, and the Sun and Mercury are now one
magneticaly and will comparatively soon be
one body (see magnetic pole, Chambers' Ency-
clopedia).

156 If the time ever comes when we can
examine the solar systems of other Suns, by the
use of larger telescope or new methods, ( there
will be a way provided no doubt, by which we
can see by electricity without regard to
distance) it will found that they are operating on
the same Jprinciples and under the same laws,
and that the dead planets and moons the same
as our own, are guided by the same kind of
magnetic poles.

157 Mercurv travels around the Sun in an

61

ellipse and increases its speed when nearing the
Sun and decreas es it again when receeding on
the opposite curve, which should prove that a
planet increases its speed as it nears the Sun.
There is no mystery about it, but at every
planet, towards the Sun is down and from the
Sun is up, so that as Mercury is falling towards
the Sun by nearing it in its orbit we see that it
actually does increase its speed by falling tow-
ards the Sun in thus nearing in its orbit (see chp
xiii).

158 Our own Moon is a like example and Ec-
kels comit posative proof that a heavenly body
has shortend its orbit three weeks in a period
less than three years. This is but a light body
but it is governed by the same laws. If this
comet shortens its orbit and we have the record,
then we cannot longer say truthfully, that cen-
trifugal force is equal to the force of gravity. It
shows us that a heavenly body is not compelled
to ocbupy exactly the same orbit forever but that
tt can shorten its orbit.

159 In examning Mercury with a telescope
the sunlight interferes so much that there is lit-
tle hope of ever being able to make any discov-
eries upon its surface, until a new method of
seeing through electricity without wires is in-
vented.

CHAPTER X.
THE INNER ASTEROIDS

A MISSING PLANET. MAY
BE ASTEROIDS.
VULCAN.

160 According to the regular ratio of the law
of inverse squares obeyed by the distances of
the other planets from the Sun (n. 90), there is
room for and should be another small planet
about 15,000,000 miles from the Sun. However
it is a posibility of this theoiy, in fact it is un-
doubtedly true that this missing planet is another
case of asteroids, or a planet which has been
bursted from some cause ( n. 101 ), and left a
stream of fragments in its orbit.

161 There are many reasons to believe this to
be the case, one reason being that there is no
planet where there should be one and an even
better reason being, that vast bodies of solid
material are continually falling into the Sun
leaving great black holes hundreds of miles in
diameter, and splashing firey fluids thousands
of miles in height,

162 By keeping a record of the sun-spots for
a number of years, it has been found that the
spots have certain periods when they are much
more numerous than at other times. If they
are made by Arteroids falling into the Sun,

68

this would be likely to happen, as they would
hardly be likely to reach entirely around their
ordit, 90,000,000 miles and if so, they would be
more plentifull in some places than in others. In
bursting as much matter would be thrown into
shorter as into longer orbits and we can easily
understand that they would be so greatly shat-
tered that it would be millions of years before
they would all be drawn into the Sun.

163 These little bodies probably travel faster
than any members of the solar system, with the
possible exception of a Comet when making its
short turn around the Sun. Giving them the
same ratio of increase in speed according to the
law of inverse squares which the other planets
obey from Neptune to Mercury these should be
traveling on an average of about 5,500,000 miles
per day, but these which have come near enough
toplunginto it, are moving at the lightning
speed of 9,000,000 milles per day.

164 No wonder that when one of them falls
into the Sun there are great magnetic disturben-
ces throughout the solar system, at least as far
as the Earth where records have been kept
since it became safe to believe the Earth is
round or to own a telescope.

165 Magnetic observtories are located in all
parts of the world, where delicate mag-
netic instruments are suspended so they will
be agitated by any magnetic influence. In
watching sun spots in connection with these

64

delicate needles and magnets, it has been found
that sun-spots cause them to vibrate violently.
At such times come the splendors of the Aroras
in the north, but when there are few sun-spots
the Aroras and magnetic needles are at rest.

166 There are many notable records in
recent years of the magnetic influence of sun-
spots upon these insrtuments, as well as upon
the atmosphere and electrical condition of the
weather, which shows that the electric or heat
force reaches out to every part of the solar sys-
tem in its controll of the motions of matter.

167 Sep, 1st, 1859 was a notable day for elec-
tric storms and magnetic disturbences on all
parts of the Earth. In Europe and America,
telegraphic aparatus and lines were demolished
by over charging from nature. Flame followed
recording pens and the Auroras of the polar
zones reached almost to the tropics,

168 Late in the afternoon an English astrone-
mer who was making observations of a group of
sun-spots, saw two brilliant splashes of fire
which traveled 35,000 miles along the Sun's
disk in five minutes.

159 On Aug, 3rd, 1872 an observation was
made at the Rt>cky Mountain observatory by
Prof. Young, who observed great splashes of
fire on the Sun which he supposed to be erup-
tions and at the same instant when light
reached the Earth from this fire, the magnetic
needles in English and other observatories gave

65

notice of the disturbance. Prof. Young's nee-
dle was at the same time swung entirely clear
of the scale.

170 An observation taken Mar. 26th, 1859,
was said to have revealed a small planet cross-
ing the Sun's disk about 13,000,000 miles from
the Sun. It was named Vulcan and was sup-
posed for many years to realy exist, but the
greatest modern telescopes with the. assistance
of photography have failed to disclose any
such planet. This may have been a very large
Asteroid and may be found again.

171 In case a planet broke up to form these
Astroids before it had radiated down to a planet
of the second class, there would be an immense
amount of material and it would be by this
time greatly scattered.

172 There is known to be one Asteroid, Eros,
which is sometimes inside of Mars' orbit, so
easily are these small bodies influenced out of
their original orbits. Being so small and so
near the electric light of the Sun, these inner
Asteroids are very hard to see but no doubt
there are untold billions and that many of the
largest will yet be photographed passing over
the Sun's disk.

173 What excuse can astronomers offer for a
sun-spot causing such great eletrical and mag-
netic energy on the Earth, other than disclosed
by this simple discovery, the chemical dissolu-
tion and re-uniting of returning elemetary mat-

66

tertotheSun. Its sudden disintegration and
chemical reunion with the Sun, gives that body
an over-plus of energy or heat, which is light,
electricity and magnetic energy, and its equal in
energy is instantly forwarded through space
with the velocity of light. It is a simple common
sense explanation, devoid of foolish mystery
which should give it the brand of truth (n. 17).

CHAPTER XI.

THE SUN.

THE GREAT VITAL ENGINE OF

THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

WASTING ITS ENERGY.

174 The Sun is the great central engine of
the solar system and the center of the two
great forces of heat and gravity. It is a body of
small density but is 886,500 miles in diameter
and therefore 1,300,000 times as large as the
Earth. Its surface revolves at the equator at
the rate of 4,400 miles per hour, and at
the center much faster as it is known to be
covered by a loose envelope of cloudy matter
which would naturally drag behind the motion
of the more solid inside matter.

175 On the plane of its equator and in the
same direction, travel all the heavenly bodies
of the solar system (n. 34).

176 This great body is supposed even by Phys-

67

icists who endorse the wave theory of light,
to be composed of heat in the form ofgas, light
and electricity, which it is forever throwing
away into space. Prof. Howe, in "A Study of
the Sky," pg, 202 says, in speaking of the Sun's
energy "the supply cannot be infinite; how then
can the radiation be maintained?". This has
already been explained in proceeding chapters
(n. 17), but it may be objected that there would
not be enough returning matter by such a slow
process as the returning of a planet once in
400,000,000 years. The answer of the procession
of planets is a double answer; first there is no
doubt thousands of times more material going
back to the Sun, in the shape of neubulous
matter, sand, meteors and cosmic dust which
we do not see, than is brought by the returning
planets ( n. 28), and second that the
wasting energy of the Sun is not nearly as
great as measured by Physicists in our atmos-
phere (see ''Graduated Atmospheres"), where
the ray of light in passing through it at the
rate of 12,000,000 miles per minute, must create
great additional friction by its forced waving
motion and consequently adds by this friction
to the real heat of the Sun (see ch. xiv).

177 Going to the top of a very high moun-
tain where the air is more rare than at sea level
we find the air much colder although nearer
the Sun. There are even snow capped moun-

68

tains under the very equrtor and if we could
measure the heat outside of the air where the
rays travel in a straight line, we would find
it very much' overestimated; somuch perhaps
that with a dead world occasionally and a con-
stant supply of other returning matter as above,
the supply would be ample to keep the Sun in
its usual flourishing condition.

178 We can in any event safely trust the force
of gravity to carfully guard, collect and return,
every particle of matter, to the smallest frac-
tional part of an ounce, which the force of
heat disintegrates and sends out into space.

179 What is known as the zodiacal light is
supposed to be a girdle of meteoric dust around
the Sun. This may be neubulous matter which
has crystalized in the near vicinity of the Sun
because we must not suppose that electricity or
energy must necessarily reach the vicinity of
Neptune before it commences to cool and] form
into crystals. On the contrary it no doubt com-
mences to change back into solid material as
soon as it leaves the solar fires and much of it
may never come as far as the Earth.

180 We can begin to realize the vast amount
of unseen matter which the Sun is receiving
when we consider the meteors which fall upon
our own little planet (n. 28).

181 From Neptune the Sun appears 900
times smaller than from the Earth, how much

69

smaller it must appear then, from the nearest
fixed star, Alpha Centuri, which is 25,000,000,-
000,000 miles away where it would appear
2,699,700 times smaller. It is quite doubtful if it
could be seen at all by human eyes at go great
a distance.

182 The pole star is twelve and one half times
as far away as Alpha Centuri and it requires
fifty years for light to reach the Earth from it, a
di tance of 312,366,700,000,000,000 miles.

183 Astronomers estimate that Arcturus is
1,000,000 times larger than our Sun or 1,300,-
000,000,000 times larger than the Earth.

184 It has been estimated that some of the
Suns in sight are large enough to fill the orbit
of the Earth around the Sun, or 186,000.000
miles in diameter. These figures although
almost incomprehesible, give us a hint of our.
comparative unimportance when considered as
a part of nature and near surroundings,
because these suns are our nearest neigh-
bors in a sea of untold trillions, appearing
smaller and smaller as they are farther away
until their apparant small size and great num-
bers finally melt them into mists of white fleecy
clouds. Our own Sun, great as it seems to us,
would not be missed if wiped out of existence.

185 What monster planets some of these big
Suns must have in attendance, upon which we
would appear as microbes to any life which

70

they would evolve. Compared with, them, our
Earth would not be as large as an adobe marble
and it weuld take as many Earths to make
one of them as it would take adobe marbles
to make the Earth.

186 We are in ignorance of the Sun's orbit
because we do not know where it is going or
what is^the center of its orbit, but we may be
very sure, that it travels on an orbit and from
right to left.

187 If a comet comes from outside of the
Sun's orbit, it passes around it from left to right
but if it comes from inside of the Sun's orbit it
will pass around it from right to left (ch. xiii).

188 We caanot afford to leave the solar sys-
tem: in a little book like this or at this time
but at some future time, perhaps we can put
our reason upon old Sol's trail. No doubt it is a
long trip even for a Sun to make and before he
returns to this point of his orbit, faraway Nep-
tune may have passed from youth to old age
and be ready for disintegration, in the present
orbit of Mercury, with a procession of planets
following him and obeying the same law of in-
verse squares as now, both in their distance
from the Sun and their speed upon their orbits

189 The Planets are more than half the time
outside of the Sun's orbit although there is
probably not much curve in the Sun's orbit
during any planet's trip around it.

CHAPTER XII.
MOONS.

A REGULAR RATIO OF INCREASE

FROM VENUS OUT TO

SATURN.

190 There is an interesting fact in connection
with the moons or satelites cf the planets
which certainly points to the truth of the Plan-
ets being of different ages. Commencing at
Venus and going outward we find the Moons
arranged as follows;

Venus 0

Earth 1

Mars 2

Asteroid ?

Jupiter 5

Saturn 8

191 We will discuss the Moons of Uranus
and Neptune in the next chapter, inasmuch as
they are so far away that only a few of them
can be seen and traveling in contrary orbits
they deserve to be considered as Comets.

192 The question now is, why do these plan-
ets loose their satellites as they approach the
Sun. Why has Saturn eight and Venus none
with a gradual decrease between?

193 Saturns' moons travel around it in the
same direction that the planet revolves and
almost on the plane of its equator. The outside
moon of Saturn is farther from the planet than

72

the moon of any other planet whoes moons we
can see.

194 According to the laws of this procession
these moons are first caught as comets and are

thereafter gradually drawn in to their planets
in the same way and by the same laws which
draw the planets to the Sun. They also obey
the same law of inverse squares in their distan-
ces from their planets which the planets observe
in their distance from the Sun, the planet act-
ing as the center of gravity for these bodies.

195 Of Saturn's eight moons, lapetus is far-
thest being 2,225,000 miles distant. Jupiter has
but five and the farthest is but 1,160,000 miles
from its surface. Here is followed out the same
ratio of distances in their moons, which exists
between themselves and the Sun. Did Jupiter
not have as many moons as Saturn when at the
same orbit? Certainly it had and they were as
far away, but three of them are now inside of
that big melting envelop of carbon, drawn in
by the force oj gravity and the others are drawn
one half closer.

196 If we could only see all the satelites of Nep-
tune and Uranus we would no doubt find Uran-
us with ten or more moons and Neptune with a
bakers dozen. Uranus' mostdisant moon would
be five million and Neptunes' ten million
miles away but when we come this side of Jupi-
ter we find Astroid bursted leaving no moons
of record.

73

197 When we reach Mars we find the num-
ber of noons in the right ratio but their dis-
tance from the planet is in proportion to the
size of that little world (n. 106).

198 Like the planets, the satellites gain speed
on their orbits obeying the samo law of inverse
squares, decreasing the diameter of their orbits
in the same invers ratio with which they in-
crease their speed along their orbits.

200 Skipping the Asteroid and Mars for the
reasons given, we arrive at the Earth and find
our outside Moon, our last one, is inexactly the
right place to carry out the proper ratio i. e.
239,000 miles from theEarth's surface.

201 All the moons which are nearest
their planets are dead moons, and are held
with their magnetic poles to the planets the
same as the dead planets point their magnetic
poles to the Sun in; fact, in all their ways they
follow the same laws as the planets. Why not?

202 Some of these moons may be large
enough to create internal heat enough to melt
them the same as planets are melted and as
our own Moon seems to have been One of the
moons in Saturn's retinue which is very bright
is no doubt in a molten condition.

203 The following table shows the ratio which
the moons follow in their distances from their
respective planets;

74

Distance, Theory, Fact.

Earth 240,000 239,000
240,000 x 7-10 Mars 408,000
408,000 x 10-16 Asteroids 658,000
658,000x16-26 Jupiter 1,500,000 1,160,000
1,160,000 x 24-52 Saturn 2,360,000 2,225,000
2,225,000 x 52400 Uranus 4,000,000

( In the above table x is unavoidably used
for the plus sign.)

204 In one particular these moons are differ-
ent from planets, they cannot keep up their
procession, and as each moon is drawn into the
planet, it has one moon less as we] have seen,
because all moon material is being used by the
new planets, whereas when a planet is drawn
into the Sun, its place is easily filled.

205 Saturn with eight moons, Jupiter with
five, Asteroid bursted, Mars with two, Earth
with one and Venus none; pray what more do
we require to show that centrifugal force is not
equal to the force of gravity and that they " do
move" toward their planets.

CHAPTER XIII.
COMETS.

HOW THEY MAKE MOONS, AND

HOW THE ORBITS ARE

TURNED OVER.

206 This power in nature which is called

75

magnetic, is of much more importance than it
has ever recieved credit for, although it has
been known to exist for a long time, atle&st as
long as the compass has been used for naviga-
tion.

207 Make the old familliar experiment of
sprinkling iron filings on a sheet of white pa-
per and holding a magnet under it and notice
the form taken by the filings. Turn the mag-
net in different ways and watch them dance
attendance. Look at them with interst, you are
viewing a minute panorama of the Universe, or
theentire matter in existance, although we have
not space to carry out the argument and fur-
nish the reasons and proof at this time.

208 Let us not leave the solar system at the
present, except to remember that the motion of
all matter is the same and that it is the expand-
ing force of heat which gives life and motion,

209 Now let us see how this directing mo-
tion applies to the contrary moons which we
find attending the new planets. The moons of
the new planets always revolve backward in
their orbit at first for the reason that they ars
conaets or roving masses of loose material out-
side of Neptune, which are so far away that the
Suns force of gravity draws them very slowly tow-
ards it. As a comet slowly moves along, we will say
that it goes within reach of Neptune's force of
gravity. Being so much nearer to Neptune, it

76

immediately starts toward that planet gaining
speed as they approach each other and of course
attempts to drop into that planet. Neptune is
moving however, and the comet falls behind it
the same as^a comet falls behind the Sun (n. 188)
and is swung around the planet and thus com-
mences an orbit. This orbit is always in the
wrong direction around the planet because it
must come from outside of Neptunes' orbit
where the unclaimed material is located.

210 If a comet should slip past Neptune and
be caught on the return trip it would pass
behind the planet from right to left.

211 One position which our new satellite
holds is correct, its poles are pointing in the
right direction as every heavenly body does, ex-
cept those which have approached near enough
their superiors to be attracted and be held by
their magnetic poles.

212 This contrary moon is now moving in
direct conflict to the motion of all matter, as
we see in the only one of Neptune's moons
which is large enough to be seen at so great a
distance, which is revolving backward.

213 Let us look at Uranus now and we find
its Moons revolving at right angles to the plan-
et's equator, rising in the south and setting in
the north. During the 400,000,000 years since
at the orbit of Neptune, the power which we
saw arranging the iron filings has gradually

77

turned their orbit one forth of the way over or
at Saturn, as we see, half way over or end for
end, and we find them almost on the plane of
its equator, while at Jupiter still another 400,-
000,000 years we find them exactly right.

214 In order to illustrate how the changing of
the orbits end for end brings the revolution ex-
actly opposite, take a wooden hoop and mark
arrows on it pointing from left to right. Hold
the hoop level with a globe inside of it; now
turn the hoop end for end, turning the nearest
edge downward and the farthest edge upward.
When it is end for end it will be found that the
arrows are now pointing from right to left. If
the hoop is stopped when one forth of the way
over it would then represent the orbit of these
moons at the position of Uranus but if the nearest
edge is turned up instead of down, the Moons
would, at the position of Uranus rise in the
north and set in the south.
215 This is what is happening to the orbits
of these moons of Neptune, Uranus, Saturn and
Jupiter as we can readily see by the four posi-
tions they hold at the four different planets.

216 A great storm is governed by the same
forces. It is a whirling of the atmosphere from
right to left around a storm center. This storm
center also travels on an orbit from right to left
and Prof. Willis Moore, chief pf the U. S.
weather bureau, compares them to the motions

78

of the bodies of the planitary system (Collier's
Weekly, Nov. 1900).

CHAPTER XIV.
HEAT, LIGHT AND ELECTRICITY.

IT IS A SUBSTANCE AND TRAVELS UNSEEN

LIKE VAPOR. CONSIDERING THE

DIFFERENT THEORIES.

217 Sunlight, according to Sir Isaac Newton,
before whoes clear intelect mystery disappeared
like mist before the genial warmth of day, is
composed of the minute atoms which were dis-
integrated to produce it, traveling through
space at the rate of 192,000 miles per second.

218 Any solid or mineral substance can be
changed by the force of heat into liquid, and by
greater heat, into the invisible vapor of light or
electricity. Heat, light and electricity are one
and the same and are but different conditions of
heat. Either can be readily changed into either
of the others,

219 Light and electricity then, is theinvsible
substance of the Sun traveling at the rate of
12,000,000 miles per minute in every direction
through space. At this rate of speed we can see
that it might reach great distances before the
heat or life would all leave it.

220 There is also another theory of light, the
wave or undulating theory, which gives light
no substance but simply a vibration, notwith-

79

standing all Astronomers and Physacists agree
that the Sun is gradually loosing its energy by
radiation. They do not explain how it can vi-
brate itself away while its vibrations:contain no
substance. They must evidently, consider this
the one exception in nature where something is
lost. They even go so far as to set a time when
the Sun can furnish no more light.

221 How they get rid of the substance of the
Sun is what we want to know and must find out.
They cannot burn it up and destroy it, because
there can be no loss in nature. It can only be
changed in form. Now it is self evident that
there is a very large hole in this wave theory
where all this energy is escaping in the color-
less vapor of electricity.

222 There can be no doubt that a ray of light
is compeled to and does vibrate thousands of
times in every inch of an atmosphere it passes
through at the great speed with which it travels,
in atmosphere in which even a fast flying bird
must dodge sideways in order to relieve the
pressure before him.

223 A bolt of lightning cannot go far until
the air in front of it becomes so compressed
that it is thrown sharply off to one side for re-
lief. The flash of lightning moves so much fas-
ter than the air can get out of its way that it is
compeled to seek a weaker place in order to
pa&s. Even giant powder acts so much more

80

quickly than air can get out of its way that it
will break the rock upon which it is exploded.

224 When an eagle or hawk makes his swoop
to strike his prey, he comes down in a parabolic
curve or in other words, he slides upon the
air in exactly the least curve he can make and
still prevent the air from packing in front of
him and checking his motion.

225 No doubt light or electricity, passing
through the atmosphere at the rate of 193,000
miles per second, vibrates 39,000 times in every
inch it travels, and more or less, according to
the density of the air. If it had no substance it
would pass straight through. It could not pack
the air in front of it and be thrown back and
forth, in order to pass through. The fact that it
vibrtaes, proves that it is an invisible substance
passing through another invisible substance.

226 Benj. Franklin, who had the brains re-
quired to discover electricity, considered it a
fluid substance, capable of being transmitted
from one place to another and all the experience
we have had with it bince, confirms his opinion
It is even stored and held captive to be used as
needed to do half the work of the world. How
could this be possible if it were but a waving
motion? Would it keep on waving in the box in
which it was stored, if it were nothing, to be
used when needed to preform its work? Or,
still more rediculous, would it cease waving

81

when imprisoned, and commence again when
we touch the button. How rediculous to think
of such a situation.

227 Electricity is a power of heat which is
is doing half of the work of the world today,
and it is composed of matter having substance.
All space is apparently filled with this fluid,
which can be readily collected by friction, and
converted into either energy, heat or light.

228 A beam of sunlight does not vibrate
nearly so rapidly where the atmosphere is rare,
as is shown by the less friction or warmth at
high altitudes.

229 An astronomer friend of the author,
writing in reply to the first or preliminary
edition of the Processon of Planets, a four-page
leaflet, objects to the theory in part, and believes
that sunlight only appears to the sense of sight
when it enters our atmosphere, in the following
words and figures, to wit: "If we could look at
the sun, from outside of our atmosphere, we
could not see it." In that case, of course there
would be no use looking at it, but we can look
at the moon, from where W3 are and see sun-
light reflected from a surface which is an abso-
lute vacuum, so far as an atmosphere" is con-
cerned.

230 A mauser bullet travels so fast that the
the friction against the air causes a collection
of electricity, which is discharged into the first

82

object which the bullet touches. If it penetrates
a human body there is a sufficient discharge or
explosion to oftentimes mutilate the body, but
if it merely grazes the skin, there is a discharge
of electric energy sufficient to cause temporary
paralysis and unconsciousness. It is unreason-
able then to contend that there is no substance
to a fluid which will collect on a flying bullet
strong enough to knock a man down. You can-
not knock a man down with nothing.

231 In some of the great mines where the air
currents are strong and the workmen wear
rubber boots and clothing, it becomes necessary
to connect a wire from the body to the under
part of a boot, in order to ground the electricity
which the friction of the air currents collect on
the workmen's body. Many explosions of giant
powder are known to have occurred where these
precautions were not taken.

282 The theory that there is no substance in
heat, light or electricity, simply because we can
not see it, must be abandoned (n. 265,).

233 Even scientists may have hobbies or
theories which they dislike to give up, but a
true scientist will not support a theory which
he finds to be wrong, even though it be his own
theory.* It seems rediculous to quibble about
the wave theory or deny that electricity is light
and travels with the same velocity as light,
through the same space or like conductors, and
that electricity has a substance and more; a

83

power which can be collected, imprisoned and
used to perform motion at any future time de-
sired.

' 234 The school of physicists that first advo-
cated the wave theory of light, objected to the
emission theory, because they said, "The par-
ticles of light, if they exist, must be inconceive-
ably small; for if of any conceivable weight they
would infallibly destroy as delicate an organ as
the eye. A bit of ordinary matter, one grain in
weight, and moving at the rate of the velocity
of light would possess the momentum of a can-
non ball 150 pounds weight, moving at the
velocity of 1000 feet per second." — (Light and
Electricity, Tyndall. Note 206.)

235 This they considered as conclusive proof
that the emission theory was wrong, so they set
up the wave theory, and in explaining the dif-
ferent speeds at which certain colored rays un-
dulate, or^ wave, say; "The velocity of light
being 192,000 miles per second, if we multiply
this number by 39,000, we obtain the number
of waves of red light in 192,000 miles. The
product is 474,439,680,000,000. All these' waves
enter the eye in a single second. In the same
interval 699,000,000,000,000 waves of violet light
enter the eye. At this prodigious rate is the
retina hit by the waves of light."

236 The q-uestion is, which of these two
theories of light would hit the human eye the

84

hardest and tear it to pieces the sooner? Suppose
Ave are looking at a rainbow and see all the colors
at once, we must then sum up how many times
each vibrates, and add them all together, to get
anywhere near the truth as to the hitting power
of this wave theory, which obtains its force from
a simple little motion at the sun.

237 Let us examine this wave theory a little
farther and see just how fast it can go. In note
219, same work, Prof. Tyndall, speaking in favor
of the theory, says: "In the case of light, the
ether particles oscillate to and fro across the
direction in which the light is propagated. In
scientific language, the vibrations of sound are
longitudinal, while the vibrations of light are
transversal. In fact, the mechanical properties
of ether are rather those of a solid than of air."

238 Then this ray of light, traveling by the
wave theory, must stop, turn almost straight
back and start again 78,000 times every inch.
The distance it travels, back and forth, is enor-
mous; but a whole lot depends on the width of
its path, as in the case of a drunken man. If
its path were one inch wide, we can readily see
that it would have to travel 57,000 (violet) times
across, and the same number of times back,
every inch it advanced, which in 194,000 miles
advance would amount to the sum of 362,154,-
246,400,000,000,000,000,000 miles per second,
besides its regular speed of 194,*000 miles per
second.

85

239 Now, the fact is, they give it too much to
do, unless they had given it some living sub-
stance to force all these vibrations. The wave
theory would make these vibrations simply
echoes, and they would die away in three or four
vibrations, if they did not have substance and
were being pushed out from the sun by heat.

240 The reason a sound wave is longitudinal
is because it has no substance and receives all
its force by the vibration of a substance at the
point where the sound is created. It must then
move the atmosphere in waves in every direction
from the point. When the force used in creat-
ing the waves of sound is expended in moving
the air, the sound ceases. Light being a real
substance and forcing its way through other
substances, shows its nature by vibrating trans-
versely. When Prof. Tyndall discovered, as in
above quotation, that the particles of ether
showed mechanical properties of a solid, he
should have referred to his own unusually clear
brains and reasoning power, when he would
easily have discovered that it was the substance
of light, heat and electricity which showed these
properties, and not particles of ether.

241 Light does travel at the rate of about
194,000 miles per second, as its speed was
measured at the other end of the line, from
Jupiter coming this way; but it does not travel

86

at that rate through atmosphere where it must
vibrate 40,000 times in every inch. If there was
atmosphere all the way frhm the sun to the
earth, light would arrive rather late in the
spring. All the proof of reflection offered by
Dr. Young are superfluous, because we know
that light does vibrate in the air and would
obey the same laws in this respect.

CHAPTER XV.
MATHEMATICAL PROOF,

THE FIGURES WHICH PROVE THE
PROCESSION OF PLANETS
TO BE CORRECT.

242 There is a strange sequence or ratio be-
tween the speed with which the planets travel
and their distance from the Sun. In this ratio
(n. 90,) we have the absolute proof with the fig-
ures to show that the planets are always on
their way to the Sun There can no longer be
any doubt of a matter, or problem, if it can be
reduced to figures, and the figures correspond
with the facts which our brains permit \is to
understand.

243 Commencing at Mercury we approxi-
mately double the distance to reach the next
planet and so on out to far away Neptune,
each one twice as far away as the last.

243 Why should the planets be arranged in

87

this perfect ratio through space if there is not a
good reason for it? Of course it does not hap-
pen by chance, because there is no changing
mind to interfere with the law of their arrang-
ment.

244 Commencing at Neptupe and coming in
towards the Sun, we find the same ratio in the
increase of their speed along their orbits that
we have in their distance and little Murcury is
traveling nearly ten times as fast as slowfobted
Neptune while Neptune is almost ten times as
far away as Mercury. Let us compare the speed
and distance of the planets, that. we. may be pre-
pared to make a law, or rather, to understand
the simple law which they have always followed
and must follow forever.

245 The following table shows the distance of
each planet from the Sun and its speed along
its obit.

Planet Miles per Day Distance to Sun

Mercury 2,454,500 '• 36,000,000

Venus 1,860,000 67,000,000

Earth 1,260,000 93,000,000

Mars 1,100,000 141,000,000

Asteroids 811,000 240,000,000

Jupiter 660,000 483,000,000

Saturn 490,000 885,000,000

Uranus 350,000 1,780,000,000

Neptune 274,000 2,800,000,000

246 With the above table, for a basis, does not

88

the greater speed of the nearer planets to the
Sun prove that they have been farther away
at some time in the past? Take Mercury for an
example which moves at the rate of 107,000
miles per hour. This must prove one of two
things, either it was not thrown out from the
Sun as a mass by centrifugal force, in which
case it would only move at the rate of the Suns'
equator, or else it was once much farther away
and has gained its great speed by nearing the
Sun.

247 At the rate of speed with which Neptune
travels, with very little centrifugal force against
it, it drops toward xhe Sun 1,500,000,000 miles
in 400,000,000 years while Mercury, moving at
such enormous speed only nears the Sun 16,-
000,000 miles during the same time, because
the checking power of centrifugal force is so
much greater. To be sure, the force of gravity
is also much greater at Mercury than at Nep-
tune" but centrifugal force is not equal to the
force of gravity, as supposed by Newton.

248 While Neptune is coming in towards the
Sun 1,500,000,000 miles, Uranus only comes in
half as far, but its speed is doubled thus adding
centrifugal force and checking its approach to
the Sun that much. So we find them shortening
their orbits and increasing their speed as they
aproach the Sun.

249 As a planet moves around the Sun in an

89

ellipse, it travels faster when on that part of its
orbit where it is aproaching the Sun and more
slowly where receding. The same is true in
the case of our own Moon and the explanation
is very simple. When nearest the Earth it has
been dropping towards the Earth in its orbit
and thus increased its speed.

250 Cornets are an excellent example of this
law. As they drop towards the Sun in nearer a
straight line than any other body, they gain
speed very rapidly and also lose their speed
very rapidly when thrown up again by their
enormous speed. A comet never reaches the same
height from which it started however, because
of the immense attraction of the Sun which threw
it around that body on such a short curve.

251 In the case of Eckles' Comet this short-
age of its orbit, measured in time, was three
weeks in an orbit of three years.

252 Comets are governed by the same laws
as planets, but upon an exaggerated scale, which
offe-rs us the opurtunity to measure the exact
difference between the force of gravity and cen-
trifugal force.

253 If a planet is 1,000,000 miles nearer the
Sun than formerly, it has fallen that far tow-
ard the Sun, even though it took ages of cir-
cling in a great decreasing orbit and has gained
speed according to the law of falling bodies, mi-
nus the check it received from centrifugal force.

90

254 Considerng all the facts which we now
have before us, we find the law which governs
their speed and distance from the Sun, is per-
fectly plain, so plain that if one is missing we
can find its scattered remains with a camera.

255 The planets increase their speed along
their orbits in the same inverse ratio with which
they decrease the diameter of their orbits.

256 Commencing at Mercury with our ratio
of distance, we could go on doubling the dis-
tance from the Sun twelve more times, out from
Neptune and yet be within the glass globe
pictured in the first chapter.

257 We know the weight of both Neptune
and the Sun, therefore the value of the attrac-
tion of gravity between them. By finding the
relative value between centrifugal force and
gravity, by the use of Comets, we can soon be
able to establish the age of the planets and
satellites.

258 It is no child's play to unravel all this
tangled skein of circling, seething, bursting
worlds, with their flying comets, moons, rings
and things, and especialy when we must find
out forces, laws and facts never before known
to exist, therefore we will not enter the sub-
ject further at this time.

CHAPTER XVI.

IN CONCLUSION.

259 In speaking to a kind friend a short time
ago, I mentioned the fact that I would com-
plete my "Processin of Planets" the next day,
when he asked suavely, 'how I knew when to
quit'. His question was very rellavent however,
and I have not quit because there is nothing
more to say.

260 What has been said is only a pointing
out of how to explain the mysteries of the
universe. Where will be the end of the mys-
tery it will sweep away and the knotty prob-
lems it will make plain, when men of brains
recover from the first shock of the realization
of the importance of these new discoveries.

261 When a ray of light is divided by the
spectrum into its different colors, it is simply
separated into some of its elements. These col-
ored rays vibrate at different rates of speed ac-
according to the solidity of the metal forming
those particular rays. The only reason to be
found to account for the difference of vibration
in the separated portions of a ray of light is
that being forced through the atmosphere at so
great a speed, the more solid portions meet
with more resistance than those less solid or
more elastic.

262 Different colors can be made only by
using different minerals and it must be irapos-

92

sible to color the ray of light in any other way.
The fact that a ray of light can be separated
into colors is proof that it is composed of dis-
integrated substance.

263 If light was only a motion commencing
at the sun, it certainly could not be divided into
colors, which require mineral for a foundation.

264 Prof. Tyndall proved that the rays from
the Sun, a coal fire, a candle and electric rays,
obey the same laws ("Heat as a mode of mo-
tion, pp. 280). We know that when 100 Ibs. of
coal are burned in a stove, leaving 10 Ibs. of
ash, that 90 Ibs. are to be accounted for. As we
know there can be no loss of material in nature
and that coal is material, therefore it is plain to
our brains that the coal has been dissolved by
heat and pushed away from the heat center
which its disintegration created.

265 When a solid body is dissolved into this
heat vapor the difference in volume of the new
form it has now taken, is enormous. From the
Sun this is so greatt hat it fills the whole
solar system like an atmosphere and no doubt
more dense nearest the Sun, getting more rare
as we go out into space, the same as the air
around the Earth.

266 Gravity therefore, is nothing more mys-
terious than the contracting of this heat fluid,
or electricity. So we can go on explaining the
working of nature according to the simplicity of

93

the procession of planets, but first let us see
what objection Scientists and Physicists see fit
to make to what has been said in the forgoing
pages.

267 I have made a number of discoveries by
following these new ideas which I do not wish
to explain but simply to mention.

268 The human body can be renewed and
life continued.

269 We can see, through electricity, without
regard to distance or the use of wires.

270 Motion can be taken direct from nature.

271 The formation of gold nuggets and their
places of deposit, is a simple law of this proces-
sion.

272 Thought is electric fluid which can be
transmitted from one brain to another without
regard to sight, sound, distance or wires.

ANNOUNCEMENT.

An Edition of the Procession of Planets will
be issued as soon as possible, which will be
printed on first class paper and bound in cloth.
It will also be profusely illustrated with the
best photgraphs of the heavenly bodies which
science can produce and with figures, cuts and
diagrams, to illustrate the arguments made. The
new volume will contain a large amount of new
matter of great value and be much better ar-
ranged for refference. The price will be $2.50.
Names may be sent at any time and book for-
warded as soon as published. Such encouragment
would also be the means of issuing the book so
much the sooner and also of making it better.
A special edition of 500 copies will be issued
which will be illuminated by hand in water col-
ors, gold and silver, on extra fine paper and
bound in carved soleleather. These books will
be numbered from 1 to 500 inclusive, and will
be signed by the author, the illuminator, the
publisher and the carver. Price $25.00.

Each book will be numbered according to the
>rder in which the subscriptions are received,

FKANKLIN H. HEALD,
No. 331, W. 4th St., Los Angeles, Cal.

5071