Proposed capital improvement program, 1980-1982

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Boston Water and
Sewer Commission

10 Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
617-426-6046

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Cu*«At

NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING TO BE HELD BY THE
BOSTON WATER AND SEWER COMMISSION CONCERNING
ITS PROPOSED CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

Pursuant to Chapter 436 of the Acts of 1977 of the
Massachusetts General Court, the Boston Water and Sewer
Commission will hold a public hearing commencing at 2:00 P.M.
on Thursday, November 29, 197 9 at the Dorothy Quincy Suite
of the John Hancock Building, 18 0 Berkeley Street, Boston ,
Massachusetts for the purpose of giving interested persons
an opportunity to present data, views or argument relative
to the proposed capital improvement program.

Copies of the foregoing capital improvement program
will be available for inspection on or after November 8, 1979
at the office of the Boston Water and Sewer Commission, 8th Floor,
10 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts.

Any individual, partnership, trust, corporation, associ-
ation, organized group or governmental entity which may be
affected by the foregoing capital improvement program may
appear before the Commission, at such hearing, for the purpose
of presenting data, views or argument relevant thereto. Data,
views or argument may be presented orally at the hearing, or
in the form of a memorandum which shall be filed with the
Secretary of the Commission on or before November 21, 1979 at
the office of the Boston Water and Sewer Commission, 8th Floor,
10 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts.

The hearing and all continuances thereof shall be
conducted in accordance with the Boston Water and Sewer
Commission Rules of Procedure which may be examined at the
Commission's office.

John S. Howe, Chairman

Boston Water and
Sewer Commission

P^fi£JC

UBRAR\

Proposed
Capital Improvement Program
1980 - 1982

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Chapter I - Introduction 1

Chapter II - Water Distribution System 3

1. History and Physical Condition 5

2. Program Objectives 9

3. Residential Metering Program 11

4. Industrial/Large User Metering Program 15

5. Public Metering Program 22

6. Re laying/Re lining Program 26

7. Other Water Programs 35

8. New M.D.C. Metered Connection 36

9. Pressure and Flow Monitoring Program 37
Summary of Water Capital Program Costs 38

Chapter III - Wastewater Collection System 39

1. History and Physical Condition 41

2. Program Objectives 42

3. E.P.A. Mandated Programs 44

4. Other E.P.A. Funded Programs 60

5. System Improvements 63
Summary of Wastewater Collection System Costs 68

Chapter IV - Summary of Costs, Financing Options, and

Impact on Rates 69

CHAPTER I

Introduction

PROPOSED CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

1980 - 1982

INTRODUCTION

This document outlines Staff recommendations for a three-year
Capital Improvement Program for the Boston Water and Sewer Commission.
The Commission operates as a retailer of water and sewer services for
nearly 90,000 customers in the City of Boston. Its largest capital
asset is a distribution and recovery system to provide these services.

In developing its proposed three-year Capital Improvement Program,
the Commission Staff has dealt with improvements and changes, mainly to
the underground distribution and recovery systems. Due to maintenance
considerations, many of the proposed programs represent system renewal
and rehabilitation efforts.

The Commission Staff has designed its proposed Capital Improvement
Program as a dynamic program. Thus more detail is supplied for pro-
grams which take place in 1980 rather than for those occurring in 1981
or 1982. The Staff feels that by using its dynamic approach to capi-
tal budgeting, it will be able to constantly review and update its
Capital Improvement Program based on engineering needs and financial
resources available to the Commission.

The Staff envisions monitoring the effectiveness of these pro-
grams, using this information in conjunction with information from
additional engineering investigations, to review the allocations of
funds for capital improvements in subsequent years.

This document contains a chapter outlining the proposed Capital
Improvement Program for the Water Distribution System, a chapter out-
lining the proposed Capital Improvement Program for the Wastewater
Collection System, and a final chapter summarizing the proposed pro-
grams, and discussion of financing for these projects and their impact
on water and sewer rates.

CHAPTER II

Proposed Capital Improvement Program

for the

Water Distribution System

1980-1982

4

This chapter provides an analysis of the various projects recom-
mended by Staff for a proposed three-year (1980-1982) Capital Improve-
ment Program for the Water Distribution System. A brief history and
description of the Boston water system is presented along with a brief
assessment of the current system, and a statement of the objectives of
the Capital Improvement Program. An item by item description of the
components of the Capital Improvement Program for the Water Distribu-
tion System is presented; included with each program description is a
summary of costs, and information of benefits to be realized.

5

II. l.a History of Boston Water Distribution System

The Boston water system is composed of four major distribution
networks: the Southern Low Service, the Northern Low Service, the
Southern High Service, and the Southern Extra High Service. The aerial
extent of the service levels, in general, is determined by ground ele-
vation. Approximately 90 percent of the water consumed in Boston is
distributed through the Southern Low and Southern High Services.

The Commission purchases its water supply from the Metropolitan
District Commission through twenty-eight metered connections located at
various delivery points throughout the system. The distribution net-
work consists of approximately 1,080 miles of pipe, 87,100 water
accounts, and 13,300 fire hydrants. The system supplies water through
mains ranging in size from four to forty-eight inches in diameter.

Historically, the first major underground Boston public water sup-
ply was put in service in 1848. Rapid expansion of the system occurred
for approximately the next 60 years and by 1910 the Boston distribution
system was considered second to none. By 1924 it was recognized that
additional supplies of water were needed, and a comprehensive organ-
ization for the planning and delivery of water in the Boston Metro-
politan area was necessary. A solution to these problems culminated in
the creation of a forerunner to the Metropolitan District Commission in
1926. This organization was charged with delivery of water and re-
covery of effluents in the Boston Metropolitan Area. Thus by 1927 the
Boston Water and Sewer Works had evolved into a retail distribution and
recovery operation. Currently, although under a different form of man-
agement, the general operations remain the same, a retail water dis-
tribution and sewerage recovery operation.

II. l.b Current State of Distribution System

Most of the distribution network was installed many years ago, and
there has been some deterioration in the ability of the system to
convey water. Due to the high resistivity of the Boston soil, the
external corrosion of the distribution system is currently not
considered a major problem. However, lack of capacity due to age of
pipe and caustic water, leakage due to age of pipes, and revenue loss
due to age of meters are considered major problems of the water
distribution system. It is estimated that over 20 percent of the
current distribution network was built prior to 1900. Moreover, due to
an inadequate meter replacement program, many of the system meters are
old and subject to underregistration.

In both the 1979 and 1980 BWSC Capital Improvement Programs, the
Commission has instituted a comprehensive metering program and water-
main relay ing/rel in ing program in order to deal with these problems.
II. l.c System Losses

Table II - 1 gives an indication of the magnitude of unaccounted-
for water for the last five years in the City of Boston distribution
system, i.e. the difference between water purchased from the MDC and
water metered to BWSC customers.

TABLE II-l

Calendar Year

MDC Purchases

Metered Water*

Metered Water

(MGD)

(MGD)

as

MDC

a % of *
Purchases

1974

145.0

72.7

50.1

1975

147.1

75.3

51.2

1976

150.8

75.0

49.7

1977

146.1

76.1

52.1

1978

143.0

76.0

53.1

* (Does not include City of Boston usage, currently estimated at
4.36 MGD or 3% of 1978 MDC Water Purchases)

A breakdown of system losses is useful in formulating a program
for increasing the ratio of metered water to MDC purchases. One
approximization is available and shown in Table II-2.

TABLE II-2
System Losses (MGD)

Coopers & Lybrand(l)

Undermetering

31.1

Leaks and Breaks

25.0

Blowoffs, Flushings, etc.

1.2

Firefighting

1.9

Unmetered Public Usage

4.2

Other

1.2

These figures do not include water system losses (i.e. water purchased
from the M.D.C. but not billed to Commission customers) of approxi-
mately 10% to 15%. These losses are inherent in any system of this
nature and age and are impracticable or impossible to eliminate. (2)

(1) BWSC 1978 Rate Hearing

(2) Water and Sewer Facility and Financial Analysis, Camp, Dresser &
McKee, Inc., 1979.

I

Factors to be considered in revenue losses from undermetering
are:

- unmetered consumers tend to use more water.

- per capita consumption historically has been on the rise.

- estimating usage from past records assumes that water needs of
these consumers at these locations do not change, (i.e., use of

automatic dishwashers, washing machines, etc.)

Unmetered public usage was estimated to be 4.2 MGD by Coopers
& Lybrand. Other system losses include illegal use of hydrants, which
by its nature is difficult to estimate as well as control. The
categories of system losses which are for the most part uncontrollable
by the BWSC are blowoffs and flushings, and firefighting.

9

II. 2 Objectives of the Water Capital Improvement Program

The primary objectives of outlaying capital expenditures dis-
bursements for the Water Capital Improvement Program are:
1) the ensurance of adequate, high quality water at proper pressures
for BWSC customers and 2) the reduction of long-term operation and
maintenance costs.

For the present time the formulation of the BWSC CIP is based on
the experience gained in the first two years of operation, and is
somewhat constrained by limited historical information. However, based
on previous experience of similar distribution networks, and general
engineering criteria, Staff feels that its program selections are
economically feasible to meet the set objectives. The BWSC Staff has
formulated a three-year capital improvement program in order to reduce
long-term 0 & M costs. The proposed water distribution system CIP
includes two major areas of activity:

1) a comprehensive metering program,

2) a relay ing/rel in ing program.

10

The programs for the water distribution system will be presented
and explained in seven separate program components:

- residential metering

- industrial metering

- public metering

- main relay ing/relining

- programs coordinated with other agencies.

- new MDC meter connection

- flow and pressure monitoring

Each program component will be subdivided further into three
sections:

- program description

- program costs

- program benefits

11

II. 3a. Residential Metering; Program Description

The number of residential customers served through the BWSC
distribution system numbers approximately 75,000. The residential
metering program supplied principally through 5/8" meters is intended
to solve the following problems:

- broken or non- registering meters

- meter under registration

- meter inaccessability

To solve the meter inaccessability problem, the BWSC is installing
meters with outside reading devices (ORDs) . In order to determine the
number of 5/8" meters with ORDs to be installed on a yearly basis, the
optimum life of these meters must be calculated. Cost considerations
include the following:

- meter costs

- installation costs

- operation & maintenance costs (0 & M includes annual
revenue losses resulting from meter inaccuracies)

- salvage value

Revenue losses occasioned by meters depend on the chemical
properties of water and quantity flow as well as the water/ sewer rate.
Therefore, revenue losses will vary among regions which precludes the
use of outside data. Because of the absense of meter-testing data on
the ORD meters presently being installed by the BWSC, it will be some
time before meter accuracy losses are determined.

Staff recommends that the ten-year meter replacement cycle
initiated in 1979 be continued in the residential metering program.
This will involve the installation of 7,500 meters annually.

12

However, because of the large number of broken meters, unmetered
residences, or under- registering meters, Staff proposes the installa-
tion of 10,000 meters with ORDS for 1980 and 1981. Therefore, the
7,500 meter annual replacement cycle will begin in 1982.

13

II. 3b. Residential Metering; Program Costs

1980
1981
1982

Number of

Meter

Installation

Average

Total

Meters

Costs
$33.50

Costs

Costs
$68.00

Costs

10,000

$34.50

$680,000

10,000

36.20

37.30

73.50

735,000

7,500

38.40

39.50

77.90

584,250

;ar CIP

$1,999,250

Note:

- Installation and meter costs are based on the 1979 bid price.

- An inflation factor of 8% is assumed for 1980 and 1981, 6% for
1982.

14
II. 3c. Residential Metering: Program Benefits

As discussed earlier, the installation of residential 5/8" meters
should be based on a replacement policy with consideration of annual
discounted costs of investment and operation and maintenance which
includes revenue losses and testing and repair costs. The expected
benefit of a residential metering program is, therefore, the mini-
mization of total long-term costs.

There is the additional benifit of the residential metering pro-
gram of ensuring consumer confidence that water and sewer bills are
correct. Estimated bills from improperly functioning or inaccessible
meters cause customer service related problems. The residential
metering program of which the installation of ORDs is a highlight is
perceived to substantially reduce this problem.

15
II. 4a. Industrial/Large User Metering: Program Description

As stated in the 1979 BWSC CIP report losses resulting from
industrial meter inaccuracies can range from 10 to 50 percent(l).
Therefore, with a yearly testing program, it is the intent of the BWSC
to check these meters at frequent intervals. The BWSC is completing
the first year of a field maintenance and testing program of the 100
largest meters. Initially most of the program work involves certain
meter installation changes such as: the installation of turbine meters
with removable parts; the installation of meter by-passes; and the
installation of pitometer cocks; After these meter changes are made,
the yearly field testing of industrial meters can proceed on a routine
basis.

The industrial/large user metering program will be examined in
terms of average costs and revenues over a ten year period, the
expected life of the initial installations. Determination of how many
meters to include in the analysis will include net present value
revenue analysis of the first 250 meters.

(1) "Field Maintenance of Industrial Meters," Charles Alden.
Journal of AWWA, March 1976.

II. 4 .b Industrial/Large User Metering; Program Costs

Below is a summary of costs to be considered in computing the
present value of net revenue of the first 250 meters.

1980

Installation of Metering Equipment
Meter Testing Costs
Meter Maintenance Costs

100 meters @ $4,000 = $400,000

200 meters @ $ 150 = 30,000

40 meters @ $ 400 = 16,000

$446,000

1981

Installation of Metering Equipment
Meter Testing Costs
Meter Maintenance Costs

50 meters @ $4,320 = $216,000

250 meters @ $ 162 = 40,500

50 meters @ $ 432 = 21,600
$278,100

Meter Testing costs
Meter Maintenance Costs

1982

250 meters @ $ 172 = $ 43,000

50 meters @ $ 458 = 22,900
$ 65,900

Notes:

- Installation of metering equipment costs supplied by C. E.
Maguire, Inc. in 1979 BWSC CIP report.

- Initial meter testing costs supplied by Pitometer Associates.

- Meter maintenance costs are based on initial repair costs
experienced in 1979.

- The number of meters in need of repair per year is unknown at
this time. The number used is based on experience of the City of
Hagerstown, MD where 20% of its largest user meters require repair.*

- After 1981 routine meter testing and maintenance costs will be
financed through the operating budget.

* Law, Norman D. "Revenue Benefits Through Large - Meter Maintenance"
Journal of American Water Works Association, August 1978.

17

II. 4 .c Industrial/Large user Metering: Program Benefits

This section includes a calculation of expected net benefits from

implementation of the Large User Program.

Below is a presentation of the 1978 water usage and expected 1979

revenue by user class of the largest 250 meters along with the revenue

gain of the program(l) using a conservative estimate of a 5 percent

accuracy increase . ( 2 )

User 1978 Gallonage Percent 1979 Expected 5% Expected

Class (billions) Of Total Revenue (millions) Gain In

Water Billed Revenue

(000' s)

1 - 100 7.8 26 $11,620 $ 58T H<5 £=>

100 - 150 1.1 4 $ 5.215 $ 263-
150 - 200 .8 3 $ 3.725
200 - 250 .1 .3 $ .445

TOTAL 9.8 33.3 $21,005

The calculation of present discounted benefits is helpful in
determining the usefulness of the program. The analysis will involve
separately including in the program the first 100 largest meters, the
second 100 largest meters and the next 50 largest users, respectively.

For simplicity, constant water and sewer rates will be assumed;*
meter testing and repair costs will escalate by an 8 percent inflation
adjustmentfor 1980 and 1981; 6% for subsequent years. A 10 percent
discount rate will be used to express net revenue in present day terms.
A one year lag in revenue gain will be assumed after meters are tested
and repaired.

(1) based on present rates of $1.01/1000 gallons water and $0.49/1000
gallons sewer.

(2) in 1979, 32 meters were tested and 13 were found to be
underregistering by an average of 20%.

18

NET PRESENT VALUE ANALYSIS (FIRST 100 METERS)

Revenue Cost Net Present Value

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

TOTAL NET PRESENT

VALUE (FIRST 100 METERS)

0

H

-58ireO0

$ 391,400
23,000

$- 391,400
507,270

581,000

24,840

459,635

581,000

26,330

417,045

581,000

- 27,910

378,830

581,000

29,585

342,495

581,000

31,360

310,530

581,000

33,240

280,900

581,000

35,235

255,030

581,000

37,350

230,360

581,000

39,590

209,040

)

$2,999,735

'5U^

Revenue

NET PRESENT VALUE ANALYSIS
(Second 100 Meters)

Cost

1980

0 $

423,000

1981

447,000 H^-,^00

59,700

1982

447,000

63,285

1983

447,000

67,080

1984

447,000
447,000

71,105

1985

75,370

1986

447,000

79,895

1987

447,qoo

84,690

1988

447,000

89,770

1989

447, OOp

95,155

1990

447,000

100,865

TOTAL NET PRESENT

VALUE (Second 100 Meters)

19

Net Present Value
$ - 423,000
352,090
317,120
285,655
257,465
230,830
207,405
185,800
166,930
149,085
133,645

$ 3^863^025

€>

V. k> '■ I ► -- -'

NET PRESENT VALUE ANALYSIS
(additional 50 meters)

20

Revenue

1981

0

1982

22,000

1983

\ /

22,000

1984

22,000

1985

22,000

1986

22,000

1987

22,000

1988

22,000

1989

22,000

1990

22,000

1991

22,000

TOTAL NET PRESENT

VALUE (additional 50 meters)

Cost
$ 228,960
13,180
13,170
14,810
15,700
16,640
17,640
18,695
19,820
21,005
22,265

Net Present Value
$ - 228,960
8,020
6,635
5,405
4,315
3,330
2,465
1,695
1,020

420

100

195,755

21

Analysis of the data indicates that inclusion of the first 200 meters
in the large user metering program is cost effective yielding the BtfSC a
net present value revenue gain of $4_,.862r760 from 1979 to 1990; incorp-
orating the additional 50 meters results in a present value loss of
$±^&r^&§« Therefore, Staff recommends funds be allocated for only the
first two hundred meters. The program costs will total $446,000 in 1980,
$My54Q in 1981, and $S9t615 in 1982. Only program costs allocated in 1980
will be included in the capital budget; meter testing and maintenance costs
in 1981 and 1982 will be financed through the operating budget.

It should be emphasized that the analysis is based on current water/
sewer rates, interest rates, inflation factors, and cost information. As a
result, budget considerations may change as these variables are subject to
variations.

22
II. 5a. Public Metering; Program Description

Prior to the formation of the BWSC, the City of Boston was not
charged for water and sewer use. Legislation which created the BWSC
mandates that the City be included in the customer billing base. This
mandate, therefore, requires the metering of City of Boston property.

It is estimated that the City of Boston uses approximately 4.36
million gallons daily, about 5 percent of total water billed in the
BWSC system, representing approximately $2.4 million annually based on
current rates.

In order to accurately bill the City of Boston, the BWSC is under-
taking a program of public building metering.

BWSC staff is presently carrying out the program based on informa-
tion from the City of Boston Assessor's Department. So far in 1979,
65% of the schools, 71% of the police stations, and 76% of the fire
stations have had meters either installed or examined.

Facility lists from individual departments are also forthcoming.
The School, Fire, Police, Parks and Playground, and Health and
Hospitals Departments have already responded to BWSC requests and have
provided or agreed to cooperate with BWSC Staff in the Public Metering
Program.

Information is also being requested from county, state, and fed-
eral agencies on locations of respective facilities.

23

Getting accurate lists are only one facet of the problem. Some
City property such as City Hospital contain many buildings with numbers
and locations of service connections not on record. Certain structural
connections remain unmetered and will be completed in 1980.

With the information obtained thus far, BWSC Staff estimates that
300 service connections remain unmetered and will be completed in 1980.

24
II. 5b. Public Building Metering Program: Program Costs

Due to the diverse sizes and problems of the facilities to be
metered, the cost of this program is very difficult to calculate. The
cost of meter installation varies from $4000 per installation (1) for a
large user to $68.00 per installation (2) for a small user. Based on
the 1978 Public Metering Program, it is estimated that the average cost
per installation of a public meter is approximately $220. This figure
includes materials, supplies, and meter costs.

Installation of 300 meters @ $220 = $66,000
Necessary distribution system

changes (3) $10,000

TOTAL $76,000

(1) C. E. Maguire cost estimate of installation for large user
including engineering, design and supervision costs.

(2) Staff cost estimate of installation for 5/8" meter:

Purchase $33.50

Installation $34.50

TOTAL $68.00

(3) As some public buildings currently have many water inlets, it will
be necessary to redesign parts of the distribution system to
reduce the number of water inlets entering certain buildings.

25

II. 5.c Public Metering: Program Benefits

At the present time, the City is being billed on the basis of an
estimated consumption of 4.36 million gallons/day. Staff feels that
the City of Boston should be billed on a metered basis, and this pro-
gram is designed to accomplish this goal. The detailed breakdown of
consumption should permit the City to engage in programs of water con-
servation where it is appropriate.

26

II. 6. a Relaying/Relining: Program Description & Benefits

The primary purpose of the relaying and relining program is to
ensure a continued adequate supply of high quality water, at adequate
pressure, for customer use and for fire protection. Specifically, the
program is expected to:

- Reduce the occurence of main breaks and the resulting
inconvenience and cost. Although no precise data for the
Commission's system is available, in New York City, where
such pipes constitute 14 percent of the system, approxi-
mately 31 percent of the water main breaks occur in pipes
over 100 years old.

- Decrease current and potential water leakage, thereby
reducing the amount of water which must be purchased fran
the MDC to meet the needs of the Commission's customers.
The exact effect on water purchases could not be esti-
mated .

- Increase the carrying capacity of rehabilitated mains,
thereby increasing potential flow rates and reducing
problems of localized low pressures.

- Reduce "red water" conditions associated with mains
suffering from encrustation.

- Reduce long-run maintenance costs.

Much of the distribution system piping transferred to the
Commission from the City is old, unlined cast-iron piping: an
estimated 20 percent (212 miles) of the distribution system was
built prior to 1900. Because of the problems associated with this
piping the Commission has established a goal for the year 2000 of
having no water mains which have been left unrehabilitated (not
relined of replaced) for over 100 years.

27

lb meet this goal, the Commission has projected that same 53,500
feet of pipe (approximately one percent of the total system) must be
relayed or relined (cleaned and cement lined) each year. Id date for
1979, the Commission currently has approved plans for some 41,000
linear feet of relaying relining work.

In order to conduct this program efficiently, the Commission has
developed a list of system priorities based on: maintenance records,
age records, loss-of-head tests, fire flow tests, incidents of breaks
and leaks, and the construction work of other agencies. Commission
policy is, to the extent possible, to tie the relaying/relining of
water mains to other work requiring street construction: urban
development, housing development, subway, and roadway construction.
Coordination of projects with other agencies helps to minimize costs
and reduce traffic flow disruption and general public nuisance. An
initial priority list for 1980 has been developed and will be revised
as new problems occur or additional construction information from other
agencies become available.

28

II. 6b Relaying/Relining; Program Costs

COST PER LINEAR FOOT

1980 1981 1982

Relaying

(including paving charge) $100 $110 $120

Relaying

(excluding paving charge) $ 70 $ 77 $ 85

Cleaning and

Cement Reling $ 50 $ 55 $ 60

PROPOSED LINEAR FEET OF PIPE

Relaying 51,191 51,311 51,310

Cleaning & Cement

Relining 14 ,870 17,655 17,655

66,061 68,966 68,965

TOTAL ESTIMATED COST OF CONSTRUCTION & PAVING

Relaying $3,737,400 $4,617,965 $5,131,000

Cleaning & Cement

Lining $ 743,500 $ 971,025 $1,059,300

$4,480,900 $5,588,990 $6,190,300

29

Engineering, Design, and Research

(Relaying @ 5.5%, relining @ 2.75%

of Construction and Paving Gosts)

1980

1981

1982

Relaying

Cleaning and
Cement Lining

$205,557 $253,988

20,446

26,703

$226,003 $280,691

$282,205

29,131
$311,336

TOTAL ESTIMATED COSTS

1980 1981

1982

Relaying

Cleaning and
Cement Lining

$3,942,957 $4,871,953 $5,413,205

763,946

997,728 1,088,431

$4,706,903 $5,869,681 $6,501,636

II. 6c. Relaying/Relining: Program Detail

1980

(i) CLEANING AND CEMENT RELINING

30

Beachview Rd.
Crestway St.
Drumlin Rd.
Faywood Ave.
Montmorenci Ave.
Orient Ave.
SeaView Ave.
Selma St.
Vallar Rd.
Waldemar Ave.

East Boston Drumlin to Orient Ave.

East Boston Faywood to Waldemar Ave.

East Boston Orient Ave. to Beachview Rd

East Boston Montmorenci Ave. to Orient Ave.

East Boston Faywood Ave. to Drumlin Rd.

East Boston Faywood Ave. to Walley St.

East Boston Drumlin Rd. to Orient Ave

East Boston Galdstone St. to Orient Ave.

East Boston Faywood Ave. to END

East Boston Wally St. to END

TOTAL

1350

ft

500

ft

330

ft

, 3600

ft

980

ft

3000

ft

730

ft

350

ft

1130

ft

2900

ft

14870

ft

II 6c. Relay ing/Relining Program; Program Detail

1980

(ii) RELAYING

31

Adams St.
Albion Pi.
Allen St.
Armory St.
Baldwin Pi.
Baldwin St.
Bayswater St.
Beech Glen St.
Beechland St.
Buswell St.
Canal St.
Cedar St.
Cedar Lane Way
Chestnut St.
Common St.
Commonwealth Ave.
Concord St.
Cooper St.

Dorchester Dorchester Ave. to Richmond St. 2150 ft

Charlestown Main St. to END 280 ft

Hyde Park Hyde Park Ave. to Winter St. 200 ft

Charlestown Main St. to END 310 ft

Brighton Washington St. to END 226 ft

Charlestown Main St. to Bunker Hill St. 640 ft

East Boston Barnes St. to Shawsheen St. 963 ft

Roxbury Fort Ave. to Highland St. 1142 ft

West Roxbur Washington St. to Beram St. 100 ft

Roxbury Park Drive to St. Mary's St. 940 ft

City Proper Causeway St. to Market St. 390 ft

Roxbury Washington St. to Centre St. 2270 ft

City Proper Chestnut St. to Pinkney St. 660 ft

Charlestown Monument Sq. to Lowney Way 415 ft

Charlestown Winthrop St. to Adams St. 180 ft

Brighton Brighton Ave. to Boulevard Terr. 1035 ft

Charlestown Monument Sq. to Bunker Hill St. 430 ft

City Proper N. Washington St. to Salem St. 670 ft

Relaying (Cont.)

32

Dracut St.
Dudley St.
Ellwood St.
Esmond St.
Euclid St.
Fairfax St.
Fen wood Rd.
Fiske Terr.
Fort Ave.
Fort Ave. Terr.
Gates St.
Gold St.
Gust in St.
Harrison Ave.
Hemman St.
Homestead St.
Hutchings St.
Intervale St.
Kelley Ct.
Knowlton St.

Dorchester

Roxbury

Charlestown

Dorchester

Dorchester

Dorchester

Roxbury

Brighton

Roxbury

Roxbury

South Boston

South Boston

South Boston

Roxbury

Roxbury

Roxbury

Roxbury

Roxbury

Brighton

South Boston

Dorchester Ave. to Bruce St. 1220 ft

Warren St. to Mt. Pleasant St. 2650 ft

Putnam St. to END 270 ft

Blue Hill Ave. to Harvard St. 1370 ft

Withington St. to Washington St. 460 ft

Beaumont St. to Westmoreland Ct. 240 ft

Huntington Ave. to Brookline Ave. 1500 ft

Brainerd Rd. to Brookline Line 180 ft

Highland St. to Centre St. 1100 ft

Fort Ave. to Glenn St. 240 ft

East 8th St. to Dorchester St. 1060 ft

Dorchester St. to F. St. 530 ft

Old Colony Ave. to END 150 ft

Eustis St. to Crosstown St. 600 ft

Highfield St. to Kittredge 650 ft

Humbolt Ave. to Walnut Ave. 1290 ft

Humbolt Ave. to Harold St. 290 ft

Warren Ave. to Blue Hill Ave. 650 ft

Western Ave., Southerly 280 ft

Telegraph St. to East 8th St. 350 ft

RELAYING (Cont.)

33

Lawrence St.
LaFayette St.
Lynn St.
Lyon St.
Marcella St.
Monunent Ct.
Mt. Vernon Ave.
Mt. Vernon St.
New Dudley St.
Northampton St.
North Margin St.
Oak St.

Old Harbor St.
Park St.
Parker St.
Pilgrim Rd.
Prescott St.
Putnam St.
Reedsdale St.

Charlestown

City Proper

City Proper

Dorchester

Roxbury

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Roxbury

Roxbury

City Proper

Charlestown

South Boston

Charlestown

Roxbury

Roxbury

Charlestown

Charlestown

Brighton

Austin to Union 320 ft

Endicott St. to Prince St. 150 ft

Cooper to Thatcher 320 ft

Dorchester Ave. toAdams St. 700 ft

Washington St. to Centre St. 2350 ft

Winthrop St. to Dead End 120 ft

Chestnut St. to Mt. Vernon St., 150 ft

Adams St. to END 660 ft

Washington St. to Roxbury St. 1600 ft

Tremont to Washington 1420 ft

Wiget to Thatcher 800 ft

Main St. to Russell St. 450 ft

Columbia Rd. to Dorchester St. 520 ft

Henley St. to City Square 380 ft

Tremont St. to Huntington Ave. 3300 ft

Longwood Ave. to Francis St. 280 ft

Devens St. to Washington St. 400 ft

Common St. to Henley St. 270 ft

Brighton Ave. to Linden St. 490 ft

Relaying (Cont.)

34

Rockledge St.
St. Botolph St.
St. Andrew Rd.
Seminary St.
State St.
Stillman St.
Thatcher St.
Ttorrey St.
Warren St.
Wales St.
Waverley St.
Weldon St.
West 6th St.
White St.
Wiget St.
Winslow St.

Roxbury Lambert Ave. to Thornton St.

Roxbury Harcourt St. to Garrison St.

East Boston Bayswater St. to Shawsheen St.

Charlestown Lawrence St. to Austing St.

City Proper Commercial St. to Atlantic Ave.

City Proper North Washington to Salem

City Proper N. Washington St. to Prince

Dorchester Washington St. to Wentworth St.

Charlestown Thompson Sq. to Henley St.

Dorchester Harvary St. to Talbot Ave.

Roxbury Warren Ave. to Blue Hill Ave.

Roxbury Holborn St. to Quincy St.

South Boston Dorchester Ave. to Dorchester St.

East Boston Meridian St. to Trentor St.

City Proper N. Margin St. to Salem St.

Roxbury Dudley St. to Ziegler St.

430

ft

300

ft

780

ft

160

ft

560

ft

500

ft

620

ft

1060

ft

1160

ft

300

ft

750

ft

370

ft

730

ft

210

ft

280

ft

220

ft

51191

ft

35

II 7a. Other Programs; Program Description

Frequently, major construction activities undertaken by other
agencies provide the Commission with an opportunity to undertake minor
capital projects at significantly reduced costs. These economies arise
through the reduction of overhead items such as paving costs, design
costs and inspection costs.

II 7b. Other Programs: Program Costs

1980 - $500,000.

1981 - $540,000

1982 - $583,200

II 7c. Other Programs: Program Benefits

As previously mentioned, Staff feels that with these funds the
BWSC will be able to take advantage of other agencies' grants and
projects to significantly reduce costs.

36

II 8a. New M.D.C. Metered Connection: Program Description

The Engineering Department proposes the construction of a new MDC
meter connection at the intersection of Washington St. and Old Morton
St. in Dorchester. The installation of this 30-inch meter will in-
crease the flexibility of the southern high service system by
decreasing the dependency of the existing system on the MDC's twin
36- inch distribution lines at Morton St.

II 8b. New M.D.C. Metered Connection: Program Costs

1980 - $63,300

1981 - 0

1982 - 0

Note: Includes Engineering, Design, and Supervision Costs of 5.5%
or $3,300.

II 8c. New M.D.C. Metered Connection: Program Benefits

As noted above, the connection will increase the flexibility of
the Southern High Service and reduce our dependency on the existing MDC
twin distribution lines at Morton Street.

37

II 9a. Pressure and Flow Monitoring; Program Description

The MDC will be undertaking a major rehabilitation of their
metering system including the remote monitoring through telemetry of
the 28 meters supplying water to the City of Boston. The Engineering
Department reconmends that the Commission set aside funds to allow the
interconnector with the MDC's central monitoring board to monitor the
pressures and flows through the Boston Meters.

II 9b. Pressure and Flow Monitoring: Program Costs

1980 - $40,000

1981 - 0

1982 - 0

II 9c. Pressure and Flow Monitoring: Program Benefits

The establishment of a monitoring system will enable the BWSC to
collect pressure and flow data and to immediately evaluate same during
emergency conditions, such as main breaks or major fires.

38

PROPOSED WATER CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

1980 1981 1982 3 Year Total

METERING

Residential

$ 680,000

$

735,000

$ 584,250

$ 1,999,250

Industrial

446,000

-

-

446,000

Public

76,000
$1,202,000

-

—

76,000

Sub Total

$

735,000

$ 584,250

$ 2,521,250

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Relaying

$3,737,400

$4

,617,965

$5,131,000

$13,486,365

Relining

743,500

971,025

1,059,300

2,773,825

Engineering, Design
and Supervision

226,003

280,691

311,336

818,030

Sub Total

$4,706,903

$5

,869,681

$6,501,636

$17,078,220

MISCELLANEOUS

New MDC Meter
Connection

$ 63,300

-

-

$ 63,300

Pressure and
Flow Monitoring

40,000

-

-

40,000

Other Programs

500,000

540,000

583,200

1,623,200

Sub Total

$ 603,300

$

540,000

$ 583,200

$1,726,500

TOTAL

$6,512,203

$7

,144,681

$7,669,086

$21,325,970

NOTE: Engineering, Design and Supervision Costs have been removed from relaying
and relining programs and exhibited as a separate line item.

1980
Relaying @5.5% 205,557
Relining @2.75% 20,446
$226,003

1981

1982

253,988

282,205

26,703

29,131

$280,691

$311,336

39

CHAPTER III

Proposed Capital Improvement Program

for the

Wastewater Collection System

1980-1982

40

The Capital Improvement Program for the Wastewater Collection
System, presented here, defines the projects required to fulfill
Staff's Proposed Capital Improvement Program for the system for 1980,
1981, and 1982.

A brief history and current assessment of the Eoston sewerage
system is provided along with an outline of program objectives.

Detailed program descriptions, costs, and benefits for each item
in the proposed sewer capital improvement program follows along with a
summary of costs for all programs.

41
III. l.a History of the Boston Sewerage System

The City of Boston, from 1877 to 1884, constructed what is known
as the Boston Main Drainage System, the principal component of the
Boston Sewerage System. The system was designed to provide adequate
capacity to carry the estimated dry weather flow of sanitary sewerage
and a small allowance for storm water. Subsequent improvements to the
system included the construction of several new intercepting sewers,
sewer conduits and channels, and a pumping station at Union Park
Street.

Today, the Boston Main Drainage System (BUDS) services approxi-
mately 10,800 acres (during dry weather) of the 20,500 acres repre-
senting the total sewered area of Boston. The major components of the
BMDS are the Boston Main Interceptor, five branch interceptors, and
outlet works. Together, these components transmit Boston's sanitary
sewage and industrial wastes to the Metropolitan District Commission
(MDC) Sewerage System for treatment. The total length of sewers and
storm drains in the City of Boston is approximately 1,400 miles, in-
cluding some 24 miles of intercepting sewer and approximately 7 miles
of trunk sanitary sewers directly connected to the MDC Sewerage
System.

III. l.b Current Status of Collection System;

A substantial portion of the BMDS utilizes combined systems which
carry both sanitary sewage and storm water through common sewers. The
combined systems (which are prevalent in the older areas of the system
network) are generally the sections requiring some degree of relief of

42
rehabilitation due to insufficient system capacity or the high degree
of system deterioration. Staff feels that structural deterioration has
accelerated due to the continued deferral of required system mainten-
ance.

III. 2 - Wastewater Collection System: Program Objectives

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit program, exerts a major
influence on the wastewater collection system CIP. Compliance with the
EPA mandated planning efforts, improvements, and implementation
schedules defined in the BWSC's Permit dated May 31, 1979 must be given
top priority in planning system improvements. These EPA mandated pro-
jects represent an ambitious program which must be partially funded in
the three-year CIP. In addition to the EPA mandated improvements, the
three-year wastewater system CIP includes funds for other EPA funded
additional projects which the Commission considers necessary to improve
or maintain the collection system. This system improvements program
includes contingency replacements, separation of combined sewers,
reconstruction and rehabilitation, and increased system capacity pro-
jects.

The primary objectives of the proposed capital improvements pro-
gram for the wastewater collection system are:

43

- To provide for the continued integrity of the system
against major collapses and minor breaks and malfunctions.

- To minimize structural deterioration of the wastewater
collection and drainage systems and provide relief capa-
city, whereever necessary.

- To coordinate required projects with anticipated local,
state or federal capital improvement projects (e.g. EPA,
Massachusetts Division of Water Pollution Control, Boston
Redevelopment Authority, City of Boston Public Works
Department, Massachusetts Department of Public Works,
Office of State Planning and Development) .

- To minimize long-term maintenance costs.

- To ensure the provision of sufficient system capacity for
at a minimum, the design year 2020.

The programs and projects which comprise the wastewater system CIP
are described below, along with their projected costs and benefits.

44

III. 3a. EPA Mandated Programs: Program Description

BWSC's NPDES Permit mandates several specific capital improve-
ment construction projects and establishes an implementation schedule
for each project. In addition the Permit requires submittal of
Construction Grants Program applications for completion of a facilities
plan and infiltration/ inflow analysis for the entire service area. The
permit also addresses the interaction of the BWSC and the MDC Combined
Sewer Overflow Facilities Plan (MDC-CSO) study now being conducted.

EPA mandated construction projects include: (1) the construction
of the MT. Vernon Street Sewer; (2) the replacement of the existing
Boston Main Interceptor and East Side Interceptor, South Branch; (3)
the replacement of the East Side Interceptor, North Branch, and (4) the
construction of the Union Park Street Pump Station Overflow Treat-
ment Project. A description of each of these projects follows.

- Mt. Vernon Street Sewer - This will be a major branch sewer
which will receive sanitary and institutional flows now dis-
charged to a portion of the existing Boston Main Interceptor in
Mt. Vernon Street. The Mt. Vernon Street Sewer will extend
westward from near Monticello^ Avenue in the Columbia Point
Section about 3,140 feet to a connection with the MDC Columbus
Park Connection at Kosciuszko Circle. The sewer will have
diameters of 36 inches up-stream and 42 inches downstream.

45

Boston Main Interceptor and East Side Interceptor , South
Branch, Replacement. These two replacement projects are
planned for construction under one contract. The Boston
Main Interceptor Replacement will replace a large portion
of the original Boston Main Interceptor. The 96-inch
diameter interceptor replacement will extend 6,600 feet
southeastward from its junction with the proposed North and
South Branches of the East Side Interceptor Replacement,
east of the John F. Fitzgerald Expressway, to a junction
with the MDC Columbus Park Connection at the Columbus Park
Headworks .

The South Branch Replacement will replace the portion of
the existing East Side Interceptor in Albany Street. This
72-inch and 84-inch replacement will extend northeastward
from Massachusetts Avenue about 3,600 feet to a junction
with the Boston Main Interceptor Replacement. The replace-
ment project would include conduit connections from com-
bined trunk sewers now connected to the existing East Side
Interceptor, with regulators at each such connection and
outlet conduits to the Roxbury Canal Conduit.

East Side Interceptor Replacement, North Branch. This
project will replace the northern portion of the existing
East Side Interceptor. The northern portion of the
replacement will be sized to accept stormwater overflows
from the connected combined collection system. The capa-
city of this portion, when detention and appurtenant
facilities are constructed in the future, will be adequate
for run-off from the 1 - year design storm. (This is in
accordance with EPA Region I directive issued in a letter
to City of Boston Commissioner of Public Works dated
September 22, 1976).

At the downstream end of this combined conduit, a regional
combined sewer regulator will be contructed. This regu-
lator will connect to the suggested future detention
facilities mentioned above and will outlet to Fort Point
Channel or to a possible South Bay-Fort Point Channel
Drainage Conduit. (Neither the detention facilities nor
the drainage conduit are included as part of this replace-
ment project) .

46

From the upstream combined conduit, the North Branch
Replacement dry-weather flow connecting conduit will extend
to the junction of the proposed Boston Main Interceptor and
East-Side Interceptor, South Branch Replacements.

The overall North Branch Replacement will extend about
8,500 feet from near High Street to the junction with the
Boston Main Interceptor. Some 4,600 feet of this conduit
will be located in the Fort Point Channel. The replacement
project will include conduit connections from combined
truck sewers now connected to the existing East Side
Interceptor, with regulators at such connection and outlet
connections to the Harbor, Fort Point Channel, or the
Roxbury Canal Conduit.

Union Park Street Pump Station Overflow Treatment Project.
This project involves the construction of treatment
facilities at the Union Park Street Pump Station put into
operation in 1977. Included will be fine mesh screening,
skimming, sampling, detention and chlorine contact tanks,
and sludge collection and disposal to the East Side
Interceptor Replacement, South Branch. The implementation
of Phase II of the Union Park Street Project is of major
importance because it will: provide the required chlorine
contact time for bacteria destruction; separate and remove
solids and organics from the effluent flowing to Boston
Harbor; and handle inflows of floodwater from the sewers in
the South End.

In addition to funds required for capital construction projects,
consideration has been given to the funds needed to meet EPA mandated
planning efforts including: (1) a Facilities Plan and infiltration/
inflow study for the entire service area, and (2) projects resultig
from the MDC Combined Sewer Overflow Facilities Plan currently in
progress. These planning projects are discussed below.

47

■ Facilities Plan and Infiltration/Inflow (I/I) Study.
The BWSC's NPDES permit requires the BWSC's to submit "a
complete plan of study for facilities planning for the
entire City (BWSC service area) needed to coordinate
ongoing activities, update previous studies, and layout an
orderly program for capital expenditures. The facilities
plan shall include but not be limited to investigation of
infiltration/inflow, as applicable for the entire
sanitary/sanitary-stormwater drainage system." This
service areawide Facilities Plan and I/I study is included
in the wastewater system CIP in 1980 and 1981.

In addition, federal and state agencies have required that
an I/I analysis be conducted for the areas which are
tributary to the interceptor replacements described above.
Step II (design) grant applications are now being made for
these facilities and the applicable I/I study is included
in the application to be donewith the Step II design. This
program will extend to early 1981.

Coordination with the MDC Combined Sewer Overflow
(MDC-CSO) Facilities Planning StudyT The Commission' s
NPDES permit includes a suggestd schedule for review of and
comment on the current MDC-CSO study. The impact of the
MDC-CSO facilities plan on possible future capital
improvements projects and the BWSC's CIP cannot be
determined until completion of that report. The lead
consultant for the CSO study Camp, Dresser and McKee
reports that it is too early in the project to make any
projections regarding the final recommended plan of study.
The recommendations from the CSO study, when available,
will be reviewed as part of the BWSC's facilities planning
effort. The wastewater system CIP does not include funds
for any projects which may be required as the result of the
MDC-CSO study.

48
III. 3b. EPA Mandated Programs; Program Costs

Tables I through VII summarizes the projected costs for the EPA
mandated projects and when these costs are expected to be incurred to
meet the implementation schedule contained in the EvJSC's NPDES permit.
These tables show both the total project cost and the BWSC's estimated
share of the total cost after taking into account expected federal and
state funding. Projects included in the three-year CIP are: design
(Step II) and construction (Step III) of the Mt. Vernon Street Sewer;
design and initial phases of construction of the interceptor
replacements; construction of the Union Park Street Pump Station
Overflow Treatment Project, and the EPA mandated Facilities Planning
and I/I analysis (Step I) efforts. Proposed funding of the interceptor
replacements will extend past the end of the three-year CIP and will be
completed in 1984 . No costs for projects which may result from the
MDC-CSO study are included.

The estimated project costs for the interceptor replacements and
the Mt. Vernon Street Sewer have been developed from the costs report
by CDM in its 1976 report to the City of Boston. The construction
costs of each project, including an allowance for engineering, contin-
gencies, and land taking, have been updated based on the projected
Engineering News Record (ENR) Construction Cost Index at the antici-
pated midpoint of the funding period. An additional allowance equal to
approximately five percent of the cost of consulting services
(engineering, design, and construction inspection has been included to
cover any expenses the BWSC may incur in providing support services on
these projects. (It is anticipated that these costs will be
participated in by the state and federal government.

49

The EPA mandated programs should be eligible for the 75 percent
federal funding provided under the EPA construction grants program.
This funding, which is paid as costs are incurred, was, therefore
deducted in determining the BWSC's share of the total cost of these
projects.

The total costs of the EPA mandated projects are also expected to
be eligible for 15 percent state funding. The schedule for state
reimbursement, however, does not coincide with when costs are incurred
and cannot be deducted directly. The state will provide 25 percent of
all eligible costs for Step II design of these projects making the
combined federal and state fundings of Step II costs equal to 100
percent. However, the total state funding effort will be adjusted
during payments made for Step III so that the total amount of state
funds for each project will not exceed 15 percent of the total project
cost. Therefore, the BWSC's share of Step II costs is shown as zero
and the 15 percent state reimbursement of Step III costs has been
reduced by an amount equal to 10 percent of Step II costs.

The state also provides 15 percent funding of Step I project
costs. This reimbursement, however, is not paid until the facilities
recommended in the Step I facilities plan are constructed. Therefore,
no state funding is included in determining the BWSC's share of the
facilities plan and I/I analysis. State reimbursement for 15 percent
of these costs can, however, be expected when Step III is completed as
noted above.

In conclusion, the three-year CIP and five-year CIP for EPA dated
projects include a schedule of the capital funds needed by the BWSC to
support these projects. The estimated cost of each project is based on
the best information available. As more definite capital cost
estimates are made available and the impact of MDC-CSO study becomes
known, the CIP will be reviewed to evaluate the effect on the projected
water and sewer rates.

50

TABLE I

EPA Mandated Programs

Mt. Vernon Street Sewer*

YEAR

PERCENT
OF TOTAL
FUNDING

Step II
TOTAL

(Design) Step III

(Construction)
BWSC TOTAL BWSC

Step II, Step III
Total
TOTAL BWSC

1980

2%

$ 67,000

- $ 7,000 $ 1,000

$ 74,000

$1,000

1981

90%

-

- 4,389,000 449,000

4,389,000

449,000

1982

8%

-

398,000 41,000

398,000

41,000

Total

3 -Year 100%
CIP

$ 67,000

- $4,794,000 $491,000

$4,861,000

$491,000

Note:

* BWSC share does not include any state reimbursement for Step I costs.

51

Table II
EPA Mandated Programs
Main Interceptor & East Side
Interceptor, South Branch, Replacement*

Step II (Design) Step III Step II, Step III
( Construction) Total

YEAR PERCENT TOTAL BWSC TOTAL BWSC TOTAL BWSC
OF TOTAL
FUNDING

1980 1% $ 299,000 - - - $ 299,000

1981 4% 149,000 - 825,000 84,000 974,000 84,000

1982 35% - - 9,150,000 937,000 9,150,000 937,000

Total

3-Year 40% $ 448,000 - $9,975,000 $1,021,000 $10,423,000 $1,021,000
CIP

1983 36% - - 9,150,000 937,000 9,150,000 937,000

1984 24% - - 6,100,000 624,000 6,100,000 624,000

GRAND

TOTAL 100% $ 448,000 - $25,225,000 $2,582,000 $25,673,000 $2,582,000

Note:

* BWSC share does not include any state reimbursemrnt for Step I costs.

52

Table III

EPA Mandated Programs

East Side Interceptor

North Branch Replacement*

YEAR

PERCENT
OF TOTAL
FUNDING

Step II
TOTAL

(Design) Step III

(Construction)
BWSC TOTAL BWSC

Step II, Step III

Total

TOTAL BWSC

1980

1%

$623,000

- -

$623,000

1981

4%

312,000

1,599,000 164,000

1,911,000 164,000

1982

35%

-

- 19,067,000 1,952,000

19,067,000 1,952,000

Total

3-Year

CIP

40%

$935,000

- $20,666,000 $2,116,000

$21,601,000 $2,116,000

1983

36%

-

19,066,000 1,952,000

19,066,000 1,952,000

1984

24%

-

- 12,711,000 1,301,000

12,711,000 1,301,000

GRAND
TOTAL

100%

$935,000

- $52,443,000 $5,369,000

$53,378,000 $5,369,000

Note:

BWSC share does not include any state reimbursement for Step I funding,

53

Table IV
I/I Analysis for EPA
Mandated Projects*

YEAR

PERCENT

OF TOTAL

FUNDING

1980

92%

1981

8%

1982

-

Total

3 -Year

100%

Step II (Design)
TOTAL BWSC

$433,000 $108,000
39,000 10,000

$472,000 $118,000

Note;

Does not allow for 15 percent state funding in determining

BWSC share. This funding is expected to be included in Step III

funding at the time of construction.

54

Table V

EPA Mandated Programs

Facility, Plan & I/I Analysis

for Entire Service Area*

YEAR

PERCENT

OF TOTAL

FUNDING

1980

35%

1981

65%

1982

-

Total

3-Year

100%

CIP

Step I (Planning)
TOTAL BWSC

$1,838,000 $ 460,000
3,413,000 853,000

$ 5,251,000 $1,313,000

Note:

Does not allow for 15 percent state funding in determining
H-JSC share. This funding is expected to be included in
Step III funding at the time of construction.

55

Table VI

EPA Mandated Programs

Union Park Street Pump

Station Overflow Treatment Project*

Step III
(Construction)
YEAR PERCENT TOTAL BWSC

OF TOTAL

FUNDING

1980 45% $3,066,000 $320,000

1981 45% 3,066,000 320,000

1982 10% 766,000 80,000

Total

3-Year 100% $6,898,000 $720,000

CIP

Note:

* Total program costs shown exclude any costs which the BWSC
may incur as result of the current MDC-CSO Study.

56

Table VII

SUMMARY ALL EPA MANDATED PROGRAMS

PROGRAMS

(Values in $1000)

YEAR

Step I

TOTAL BWSC

Step :
TOTAL

[I

BWSC

Step III

TOTAL BWSC

Total

TOTAL BWSC

1980

$4,271

$ 568

$ 989

0

$ 3,073

$ 321

$ 6,333

$ 889

1981

3,452

863

461

0

9,879

1,017

13,792

1,880

1982

0

0

0

0

29,381

3,010

29,381

3,010

Total

3-Year

CIP

$5,723

$1,431

$1,450

0

$42,333

$4,348

$49,506

$5,779

1983

0

0

0

0

28,216

2,889

28,216

2,889

1984

0

0

0

0

18,811

1,925

18,811

1,925

Total

5-Year

CIP

$5,723

$1,431

$1,450

0

$89,360

$9,162

$96,533

$10,593

57
III. 3c. EPA Mandated Programs: Program Benefits

The major impact of the EPA mandated capital improvements pro-
gram will occur within the Boston Main Drainage District. Two of the
existing major interceptors, the East Side and Boston Main Inter-
ceptors, are scheduled to be replaced by the end of fiscal year 1984.
These replacements will provide new, structurally reliable conduits
designed to handle estimated peak dry-weather flows through the year
2020. These replacements will allow the existing interceptors, which
are known to be in poor structural condition, to be either abandoned or
rehabilitated for some other use, as discussed previously. New regu-
lator and tidegate structures will also be constructed as part of
these projects. The structures will replace the existing structures
and should ensure more dependable service.

An additional future benefit of the East Side Interceptor, North
Branch Replacement will be the interception of a portion of the com-
bined sewer overflow volumes now legally, by permit, discharged,
untreated, to the Inner Harbor and Fort Point Channel. The intercepted
combined wastewater overflow volumes up to the 1 year, 6 hour storm
would be carried to the tentatively proposed treatment and disposal
facilities by the large interceptor. (These treatment and disposal
facilities are not included as part of the interceptor replacement
project) .

The construction of the Mt. Vernon Street Sewer will provide a

separate sanitary sewer to intercept the existing local separate

sanitary sewers from the existing Columbia Point Housing Development,

the University of Massachusetts, the Kennedy Library, and the State

Archives Building, as well as other future planned development along

Mt. Vernon Street at Columbia Point. This will eliminate the unfavor-
able condition of reverse flow at an adverse slope which now exists at

58
that location. Sanitary sewage will be conducted directly to the MDC
Columbus Park Connection and could no longer accumulate and become septic
in the lower section of the Boston Main Interceptor in Mt. Vernon Street
below Kosciuszko Circle. Currently, under storm flow conditions, these
accumulated sanitary wastes are pumped at the Calf Pasture Pumping Station
ahead of mixed storm and wastewater discharges to the harbor at Moon
Island.

After the completion of a Mt. Vernon Street sewer, separate storm-
water runoff would continue to be discharged to the lower portion of the
BMI and require pumping at the Calf Pasture Pumping Station following
rainstorms. Future planned construction by the BRA would relieve this
condition by providing a separate storm drain in Mt. Vernon Street to
complete the separation of sewerage works in the Columbia Point area. The
continued use of the Calf Pasture Pumping Station would then be predicated
only on the need for it as part of a stormwater overflow system.

The construction of the Union Park Street Pump Station Overflow
Treatment Project will complete another part of the BPA South End Project.
The treatment facility to be constructed will provide detention and
partial treatment of the combined wastewater flows discharged to Fort Point
Channel. This construction is part of the overall BPA renewal project now
under way in the South End.

The facilities plan and infiltration/inflow analysis of the entire
City (BWSC Service Area) will define a coordinated plan for the BWSC
wastewater collection system and establish the I/I parameters to be used
in design. The planning effort would also help integrate the 208 areawide

59
planning efforts of the MAPC, the MDC Eastern Massachusetts Metropolitan
Area plan of study, the ongoing MDC facilities planning within the City of
Boston, and the planning of other City and State agencies with the planning
of the Commission.

The infiltration/inflow analysis of the limited areas to be served by
the interceptor replacements and the MT. Vernon Street Sewer is also man-
dated by the EPA. This study will provide information on the level of
infiltration/inflow in sewers to be connected to the new sewer and inter-
ceptor replacements. It is expected that the results of the study will be
included in the I/I analysis for the entire service area and reduce the
scope of that project.

60

III. 4a. Other EPA Funded Projects: Program Description

Ihe BRA as part of its urban renewal program is carrying out a
program of separation of combined systems in the South End for 1980 and
1981. The original combined systems were designed to accomodate
storage during storms at high tide, with subsequent direct discharges
to adjacent waters.

Extensive expenditures have been made already to provide local
separation of the old combined systems in this very low area of the
City. Most of these new sanitary sewers and storm drains still flow to
elements of the old combined systems and during moderately heavy
storms, contribute overflow to tidewater. Unless the intended program
is continued, the work completed to date will have little impact in
abating pollution.

All of these separation projects are being carried out in
conjunction with the Boston Redevelopment Authority.

61

III. 4b. Other EPA Funded Projects; Program Costs

Below is a summary of BWSC project costs by contract category.
The totals represent both the ten percent local share of eligible EPA
project costs and ineligible project costs.

Contract Number 1980 1981 1982 Total 3-Year CIP

SDl,SD3*

$

888,000

$

370,000

$1,258,000

SD6

$

437,040

$

437,040

0

$ 874,080

SD-7

$

320,700

$

320,700

0

$ 641,400

SD-10

$

509,100

$

509,100

0

$1,018,200

SD-11

$

417,600

$

417,600

0

$ 835,200

TOTAL

$2

,572,440

$2,054,440

0

$4,626,880

* This includes an additional $205,000 above the level of funding
approved by the Commission in 1979.

Ill 4c. Other EPA Funded Projects: Program Benefits

The benefits of the separation of combined systems under the BRA
urban renewal projects as stated under program description is pollution
abatement during high tide and storm conditions. Also mentioned, was
that benefits of pollution abatement projects already completed in the
South End are contingent on completion of proposed work in the area for
1980, 1981, and 1982.

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63
III. 5a. System Improvements; Program Description

The system improvements program represents a large portion of the
overall CIP for the wastewater system. Included in this program are
the following elements:

Contingency Replacement: Replacement in-kind of existing
sewer system components exhibiting an immediate maintenance
problem, usually following breakdown and emergency repairs.

Separation of Combined Systems: Construction of new sewer
lines so that sanitary sewage and stormwater will be
carried through separate sewers. The various construction
locations will be primarily dictated by the current year
City and State street reconstruction programs.

Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: Replacement in-kind
of existing sewer system components (exclusive of
separation of combined systems) that have maintenance
problems and whose correction, for whatever reason, has
been deferred.

Increased System Capacity: Replacement or addition of
sewer system components to provide additional capacity in
areas where current system is not adequate to meet existing
or projected demands.

Other Programs: Similar to category under Water CIP where
major construction activities undertaken by other agencies
provides the BWSC with an opportunity to undertake minor
capital projects at reduced costs.

Expenditure levels for each program element for the three-year CIP
were established by the BWSC based on a survey of existing system
needs. Each year, the BWSC develops a priority listing of projects for
which system improvements funds should be used. These priority lists
will be developed taking into consideration: the facilities needs
established in the upcoming service area-wide facilities plan; funding
requests and construction projects of other agencies; and known system
maintenance problems.

64
III 5b. System Improvements: Program Costs

The estimated costs of each element of the system improvements program
for 1980, 1981, and 1982 are shown on Table VIII below:

Program Element

Contingency

Replacement

Separation of
Combined Systems

Reconstruction &
Rehabilitation

Increased System
Capacity

Engineering, Design
and Supervision

Other Programs

TOTAL

Table VIII

SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM

(Values in $1000)

1980 1981 1982

$ 780 $1,040 $1,300

1,561 2,080 2,600

300

360

300
100

$3,401

400

480

400

108

$4,508

500

600

500
117

Total 3-Year CIP
$3,120

6,241

1,200

1,440

1,220
325

$5,617

$13,526

Note:

- Estimates for 1980 through 1982 provided by staff.

- Engineering, Design, and Supervision Costs represent 10% of
System Improvements costs excluding Other Program Costs.

65

III. 5c. System Improvements: Program Benefits

The purpose of the system improvements program is to allow the
continued upgrading of the wastewater system, not just in the
BMDD, but elsewhere throughout the City. The expected benefits of
the four elements of the system improvements program are as
follows :

- Contingency Replacement. The primary benefit of this
element would be the Commission's ability to respond to
emergency situations in an efficient manner which would
minimize temporary inconvenience to Commission customers
and preclude further deterioration of the system.

- Separation of Combined Systems. The primary advantage to
providing separate sewer lines for sanitary sewage and
combined sewer overflows during heavy storm flows is the
long-term reduction of treatment costs due to more
manageable sewage flows.

- Reconstruction and Rehabilitation. By addressing known
problems, further deterioration of the system is
prevented. Continued deferral of such problems may also
result in substantially higher construction costs at a
later date.

- Increased Capacity. This program element will eliminate
existing capacity shortages and help avert future ones.
This not only will enable the Commission to maintain
adequate service but will also prevent increased wear and
tear on system components.

- Other Programs. Described under program description.

* III 5d. Systems Improvement: Program Detail

66

(i) Contingency Replacement Projects.

B Street Overflow So. Boston

Parker St. Roxbury

Rehabilitation of
Fens Gate House
No. 1 Roxbury

(ii) Separation of Combined System

Dorchester Ave. to Roxbury

Canal Conduit
Huntington Ave. to Field St.

Adams St.
Adams St.
Albion PI.
Armory St.
Auburn St.
Baldwin St.
Chestnut St.
Chestnut St.
Cobden St.
Common St.
Devens St.
Ellwood St.
Fairmount St.
Ferrin St.
Fort Ave.
Frankfort St.
Homestead St.
Hutch ings St.
Lawrence St.
Main St.
Main St.
Main St.
Mt. Vernon Ave.
New Dudley St.
New Dudley St.
Old Ruther-
ford Ave.
Prescott St.
Prospect St.

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Roxbury

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Hyde Park

Charlestown

Roxbury

East Boston

Roxbury

Roxbury

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Charlestown

Roxbury

Roxbury

Charlestown
Charlestown
Charlestown

Winthrop St. to Common St.
Chestnut St. to Mt. Vernon St.
Main St. to END
Main St. to END
Russel to Bunker Hill St.
Rutherford Ave. to Bunker Hill
Adams St. to Lowney Way
Monument Sq. to Mt. Vernon Ave,
Washington St. to Walnut Ave.
Winthrop St. to Park St.
Main St. to Old Rutherford Ave,
Putnam St. to END
Summit St. to Leseur Rd.
Lowney Way to END
Centre to BeechGlen St.
Neptune Rd. to Swift St.
Humbolt to Walnut Ave.
Humbolt to Harold St.
Austin To Union St.
Donstable 150 ft east
Alene Ct. to Devens St.
Henley St. to Park St.
Chestnut to 35 ft east
Roxbury St. to Washington St.
Dudley St. to Bartletts

St.

Union St. to New Rutherford Ave.
Washington St. to Main St.
Lowney Way to Tremont St.

370 ft
208 ft

578 ft

230 ft
180 ft
305 ft
265 ft
180 ft
480 ft
110 ft
110 ft
Connection
110 ft
295 ft
190 ft
315 ft
100 ft
660 ft
700 ft
Connection
Connection
265 ft
150 ft
80 ft
180 ft
35 ft
800 ft
800 ft

765 ft
325 ft
620 ft

Ill 5d. PROGRAM DETAIL (Continued)

67

Rockwell St. Dorchester Through private land

Stockton St. Dorchester Through private land

Townsend St. Roxbury Walnut Ave. to Washington St.

Walnut Ave. Roxbury Crawford St. to Seaver St.

Washington St. Charlestown Harvard St. to Old Rutherford Ave.

340

ft

340

ft

765

ft

9695

ft

(iii) Reconstruction & Rehabilitation

Lafayette Ave. City Proper Endicott St. to Prince St.

Cedar Lane Way City Proper Mt. Vernon St. to Pinckney St.

Willow Terrace W. Roxbury From Willow St.

Weldon St. Roxbury Holber to Quincy

135

ft

365

ft

125

ft

130

ft

755 ft

(iv) Increased System Capacity

Fort Norfolk

Pumping Station Dorchester

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69

CHAPTER IV

Proposed Capital Improvement Program

Summary Costs, Financing Options

and Impact on Rates

1980-1982

70
In general, the Commission can finance capital improvements
through one or more of the following sources of funds:

1. Funds from current operating revenues.

2. Funds from capital reserves.

3. Funds from Federal and State grants-in-aid programs.

4. Funds from the proceeds of bond sales.

Each of these financing options will be available to varying
degrees to finance the Commissions' s proposed capital improvement
program. The Staff's view is that in the long run, the Commission
should select a mix of financing options and a capital structure that
reduces its cost of capital, and assures safe and adequate services to
its customers at reasonable rates.

The capital improvement program includes two primary types of
investments: (1) extensions and improvements and (2) renewals and
replacements. Following is a breakdown of the water and sewer programs
into these two classifications:

RENEWALS AND REPLACEMENTS EXTENSIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
WATER SEWER TOTAL WATER SEWER TOTAL

(000's) (000's)

1980 $6,066 $1,481 $7,547 $446 $5,382 $5,828

1981 $6,866 $1,948 $8,814 $279 $6,494 $6,773

1982 $7,601 $2,417 $10,018 $ 68 $6,210 $6,278

Extensions and improvements are capital projects that will improve
the quality of service, add to the types of services provided, and/or
increase the quantity of service the Commission provides. The costs of
the extensions and improvements detailed in this CIP are projected to
be financed by issuing bonds. This is in accordance with the
Commission's policy, which was adopted in January of 1979, relating to
the funding of various types of capital expenditures.

71

The enabling legislation requires the Comnission to determine
rates in a manner sufficient to recover all costs. Thus, the costs of
financing capital, as well as all other costs, must be recovered frcm
rate revenues. The proposed Capital Improvement Program for 1980, and
the related costs, will be included in the proposed 1980 rate schedule.
These costs are estimated to be approximately $8 million, including
$7.5 million for renewal and replacement projects and $500,000 for debt
service costs.

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