Prospectus

loam, resting on a ciay suosou, easy 10 oreajt anu
cultivate.

The land lies very smooth, and is remarkable for
its gentle and even slope south and southeast, of from
ten to twenty feet per mile, rendering it susceptible of
the most complete and economical irrigation.

The climate is uniform, and in that low altitude,
3,000 to 4,000 feet, the growing seasons are longer
than in northern Colorado.

RAILROADS AND MARKETS.

The main line of the Missouri Pacific and Santa
Fe railways cross Otero County from east to west; the
former line passing through the center of the Com-
pany land, and the other bounding it on the south.
The products of these lands are, within two hours
after shipment, placed by these roads in Pueblo, and
within six hours, in Denver.

These lands may be reached from any part of the
United States by either the Missouri Pacific or the
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railways.

THE WATER SUPPLY

Is abundant and reliable, being from the great Bob
Creek Canal, and taken from the Arkansas River.
This river has a supply ten times greater than the
South Platte River, as shown by measurements of the
State Engineer (see Report 1887-88), and its water is
not yet all appropriated.

The priority of this canal dates back to April 10,
1889, prior to the construction of other large canals
from that stream.

The Company has also an extensive system of
storage reservoirs, thus securing the delivery of water
outside of the ordinary irrigation season. No objec-
tion will be made to the interchange of water for
irrigation, by parties owning full water rights for
their land.

LAND AND WATER. PRICES, TERMS.

The Colorado Land and Water Company has
limited its sales and leases for 1891, to 30,000 acres;
of which amount over one-half has already been
disposed of, and is now being rapidly improved. The
balance is now offered to actual settlers on liberal
terms, at the low price of from $5.00 to $10.00 per
acre, with full paid, perpetual water rights, at $800.00

PROSPECTUS

The Denver

Land and Water Storage Company
Denver, Colorado

Owners of

Irrigated Land
The Clark Colonies
The Arapahoe Canal
Reservoir Water Rights
Castlewood Lake .
The Middletown Quarries

THE DENVER LAND AND
WATER STORAGE CO.

INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF
THE STATE OF COLORADO.

CAPITAL STOCK, $2,500,000

OF WHICH $500,000 IS FOR THE PURPOSES OF MAKING ADDITIONS

TO THE COMPANY'S PROPERTY, AND FOR PURCHASING

AND RETIRING OUTSTANDING BONDS.

GENERAL MORTGAGE THIRTY-YEAR SIX PER CENT.
GOLD SINKING FUND BONDS.

AUTHORIZED ISSUE . • . . . . . $800,000

OUTSTANDING TO DATE ... . 600,000

REMAINING IN COMPANY'S TREASURY . . . 200,000

DIRECTORS.

RUFUS CLARK, Capitalist DENVER, COLO.

W. E. ALEXANDER, Secretary and General Manager . DENVER, COLO.

F. C. FISCHER, Chicago Lumber Co., Treasurer . . DENVER, COLO.

ALFRED P. BOLLER, C.E., 71 Broadway .... NEW YORK CITY.

CHARLES E. DUSTIN, Prest. Schuyler Electric Co.,

Vice- President HARTFORD, CONN.

CHARLES E. JACKSON, Vice-President Middlesex

Banking Co MIDDLETOWN, CONN.

CARLISLE N. GREIG President.

t

TRUSTEE.
THE STATE TRUST CO., 50 Wall Street .... NEW YORK CITY.

BANKERS.
THE COLORADO NATIONAL BANK ..... DENVER, COLO.

CHIEF ENGINEER.
A. M. WELLES, C.E. DENVER, COLO.

ASSOCIATE ENGINEER.
H. A. WOODS, C.E. , DENVER, COLO.

CONSULTING ENGINEER.
A. P. BOLLER, C.E. . . . . . . . ... . NEW YORK.

COMPANY'S OFFICES.
1650 CHAMPA STREET, DENVER, COLO. 45 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.

THE DENVER LAND AND WATER
STORAGE COMPANY.

DENVER, August 8, 1891.

The Company. — The Denver Land & Water Storage Com-
pany was formed April 8, 1891, to take over the property and
assets of The Denver-Arapahoe Land Company and The Denver
Water Storage Company. Its Articles of Incorporation are very
comprehensive in their character, enabling the Company to buy
and sell land ; transact the general business of a water company ;
buy and sell mortgages, debentures, etc. In addition to the cer-
tificate of their own counsel, an opinion as to the legality of their
organization can be furnished from Hon. A. B. Pattison, recently
a member of the Supreme Court Commission of the State of
Colorado.

The Company's Property. — This corporation owns 17,700
acres of land, much of which is immediately adjoining the platted
additions to the city of Denver ; Castlewood Lake (their main
reservoir), the largest body of water of artificial creation in the
State ; Castlewood Dam ; the Arapahoe Canal and Laterals there-
from— about eighty miles of construction; the Clark Reservoir,
already (practically) completed ; three other reservoirs, either sur-
veyed or contemplated ; stone quarries ; fire clay, etc.

Land. — The Company owns one group of about twenty-six
sections of land in the Counties of Arapahoe and Douglas, and
another tract of 1,180 acres in Douglas County, some thirty miles
south of Denver. In this great domain, almost every conceivable

variety of land and soil is included — upland; lowland; sunny
slopes admirably adapted for vineyards ; level tracts within three
miles of the University Electric Line which are being purchased by
fruit-growers and market gardeners ; superb villa sites fringing the
picturesque banks of Castlewood Lake ; larger tracts, more remote
from Denver, for dairy and farming purposes ; deposits of clay
which make a perfect terra-cotta building material without artificia
coloring or aid, and a very considerable acreage of the lava build-
ing stone with which many of Denver's finest residences are built

This land is all fenced, much of it is cross-fenced, and there is
absolutely "no waste land in the property." It has been appraised
by many competent experts, but the Company's own operations are
the best standard of value, and their sales to date prove that they
will certainly realize an average price of $200 per acre, or consid
erably over $3,000,000 for their land alone, which is only one o:
their sources of income.

The nearest sections of this land are just seven miles from
Colfax Avenue and the centre of the city, but only three miles
from the built-up and occupied portions of this beautiful and grow-
ing city, and it extends thence, in alternate sections, southward for
twelve miles more.

The Company has arranged to place four sections, or 2,560
acres, under immediate cultivation through their Clark Colony plan.
This will give them from $200 to $300 an acre for their land (from
the results of cultivation paid for by others) and add immensely to
the value of their remaining land by demonstrating its productive
value and large income-paying capacity.

The capabilities of Colorado soil, where properly cultivated,
have been fully tested by annual experiments at the State Agri-
cultural College. The maximum results have been as follows :
Wheat, 91 bushels; field crop: largest yield of rye, 52 bushels;
oats, 102 bushels ; potatoes, over 400 bushels to the acre ; barley,
72 bushels ; corn (shelled) has been made to yield 67 bushels.

The Company's Water Plant is the finest reservoir, water
storage, and distribution plant for irrigation, power, and domestic
purposes in the United States.

This is a very strong statement, but is merely the consensus of

the reports from engineers and experts of repute, who have visited
and thoroughly inspected the plant. At a most favorable natural
location in Lake Gulch, near the head waters of Cherry Creek in
Douglas County, Colorado, the Company has created Castlewood
Lake, a most beautiful and imposing sheet of water, by the
erection across the canon of their Castlewood Dam. This sub-
stantial fabric has been designed and constructed in the most
enduring manner of the most approved material, a non-porous
sandstone laid in cement mortar.

Nature favored this enterprise by providing (i) a natural reser-
voir, "whose artificial duplication would cost a million of dollars,"
(2) quarries of finest building stone, situated on each side of the
canon, and (3) clean, fine-cut sand to mix with the cement. These
advantages, especially the stone, contributed to make the cost of
this structure about one-half the amount which it could be dupli-
cated for under ordinary conditions.

Castlewood Dam is 625 feet long, 68 feet high, 85 feet wide at
base, and 8 feet at top. The inner or receiving wall is built upon
solid clay foundations of rock laid in cement mortar, and varies
from five to twelve feet in thickness, having a batter of one foot
in ten.

The outer or retaining wall is constructed in a similar manner
to the inner wall, in a batter of "one in one," but laid in courses
or steps suitable for bearing an additional height should it be
found desirable by the Company in their future operations.

The interior " fill " is of hand-laid dry masonry, no earth being
used.

Across the entire inner wall of this structure an earthen apron
has been constructed having a slope of " three to one " to a height
of forty-five feet, thus preventing the water from the lake (which
it is designed never to keep above this level) from ever coming into
actual contact with the masonry of the dam itself.

The " care of the water " is a point to which the Company's
engineers have devoted much time and preparation. The water is
conducted from the lake into the Company's Canal (through a mile
or more of the bed of the natural stream) by a large cement con-
duit or pipe, three feet in the clear. This pipe is surrounded on all

sides with two feet of solid concrete and receives its supply from
the main valve chamber in the inner or receiving wall of the dam.
This valve chamber is built upon its own foundation and is perpen-
dicular as against the inner wall's batter of " one in ten " so that it
is clearly denned at the top of the dam, as shown in the plans thereof.

Eight iron pipes convey the water from the lake into this chamber
thence through the conduit into the canal, thence over the Com-
pany's and other lands for distribution. Each of these pipes has its
own separate valve, so that the supply can be nicely regulated by
employing one, two, or more up to eight pipes for service, each one
being worked independently.

The caring of surplus or " flood " waters beyond the capacity of
these pipes is done by a paved " by-pass " to be cut into the canon
at the right end of the dam, to a depth ,of one foot below the line
of the main waste-weir in fthe dam itself. This waste-weir is four
feet deep and one hundred feet long and through these three
avenues, the pipes, the by-pass, and the waste-weir, much more
than ordinary precautions have been taken for the careful handling
of no matter how large a volume of water.

The Canal and Laterals. — The Company have completed
about forty-two miles of the main line alone, and eighty miles,
altogether, of canal and laterals. This work is in keeping with
the care and intelligence shown in the construction of the dam,
and is remarkable above other canals (i) for the use of syphon
pipe lines for the carriage of the canal across gullies or arroyas, (2)
the heavy, substantial character of the (few) flumes employed, and
(3) the fine character and finish of the earthwork. These same
excavations of earth have been done on side hills (instead of the
excavated earth being used for an outer bank) as on the level land,
thus ensuring the canal against wash-outs, which frequently destroy
constructions of the kind indicated in the above parenthesis.

The Company will ultimately have four or more lower reser-
voirs (one of which, the Clark Reservoir, is now in process of con-
struction), as they design Castlewood Lake to be a great "catch
basin," and the lower reservoirs, having the combined capacity of
the lake, to act as storage and distributing centres and station.

The water rights of this Company are not surpassed in value by

6

those of any similar corporation, and the legal ownership is undis-
puted and fixed.

Value of Property. — Discounting the Company's own sales to
date and the appraisals of informed and unprejudiced Eastern and
other experts, it is perfectly conservative to estimate the Com-
pany's irrigated land at $200 per acre ; its water plant at cost, and
its water rights at $25 an acre. It will sell both land and water
from the beginning at a high valuation. We then have this result :

|4-000 1^400 acres irrigated land at $200 per acre • $2,800,000

3,000 acres dry or pasture land at $50 . . . 150,000

Water plant, including land thereunder, at cost, 425,000

Water supply for 40,000 acres ...... 1,000,000

$4,375>°°°
This does not take into any account

1. The possibility of furnishing more than 40,000 acres of water,
while the present system is estimated by experienced engineers to
have a capacity of from 43,000 to 60,000 acres ;

2. The use of the lake for resort purposes ;

3. The use of the water for motive power purposes ;

4. The sale of building stone ;

5. The sale of ice ;

6. The sale of terra-cotta clay ; or,

7. The Company's houses, live-stock, etc., all of which are
present and developed values, with prospective and undeveloped
incomes.

Profits of Fruit Raising on Similar Land. — The follow-
ing shows results of Fruit Farming in Colorado upon land similar
in location and character to the property of this Company. The
Secretary of the Company addressed these landowners the follow-
ing questions :

1. What kind of fruits are you raising?

2. What was your net profit last year ?

3. What fruits do you consider best for the eastern slope ?

i. C. K. Combs, P. O. address, Denver, Colo., has a five -year-
old apple orchard, from which he raised last year seventy bushels

to the acre, worth $3 a bushel in this market. He also has three
acres of blackberries which yielded him $2,500 one year. His
usual average for blackberries, raspberries, and currants is $500 an
acre. His land is about six miles north of Denver.

2. W. A. Benedict, P. O. address, Denver, Colo., has a straw-
berry and blackberry tract, which averaged him $500 an acre. His
land lies about six miles north of Denver.

3. L. G. Morris and Frank Lawson (same P. O. address) report
results equally as good as their neighbor, Mr. Benedict.

4. E. H. Sumner, P. O. address, Denver, Colo., has seven and
one-half acres in small fruits. They yielded over 30,000 quarts
last year, sellling (in this market) for from twenty to twenty-five
cents a quart. His apples averaged him $420 an acre. Mr. Sum-
ner's land lies about six miles north of Penver.

5. These five men are intelligent, thrifty, and know their busi-
ness. Their land is held at $1,000 to $1,500 per acre, and is cheap
at the price.

6. W. B. Felton, whose P. O. address is Canon City, Colo.,
received for the product of his ten-acre fruit farm for 1889,
$6,023.89. The total expenses, counting labor, boxes, barrels, and
everything, was $2,406.78, leaving a clear profit of $3,617.11, or
over $360 per acre.

7. Mr. J. J. Jones, whose P. O. address is Petersburg, Colo., six
miles south of Denver, and .three miles west of our land, realized
$6,000 for the apples raised on his twelve-acre tract last year, or
$676 per acre, gross.

8. Mr. B. F. Rockafellow, whose P. O. address is Canon City,
Colo., is the owner and manager of " Fruitmere," the most cele-
brated vineyard and orchard farm in Colorado. He has refused
$125,000 in cash for his place, and his results and profits only show
what can be done with irrigated land under intelligent management.

9. Mr. Elwood Easley, Golden, Colo, (twelve miles from Denver),
is a progressive fruit-grower and gardener, and says : " I have
about forty acres in cultivation, about half in alfalfa hay, the
balance in fruit and vegetables, and took $4,500 net from it last
year, one acre of cherries yielding $550 on sixth year from setting
out. Apples, pears, and plums are surely a success, and the hardy

8

varieties of grapes do well near the mountains, and so do all small
fruits."

10. Mr. David Brothero, of Denver, who is a prominent fruit-
grower and a pioneer, and came here in 1865, says : "A man can
make money farming on irrigated land in Colorado if he can any-
where on earth. The resources of this State are wonderful enough
when the truth is told. No need to exaggerate. I have a tract of
about twenty-five acres of apples at my place, five miles west of
Denver, from which I took about $2,500 this year ; but these are
all young trees yet, and will increase, of course, as they grow older.
Yes, I had rather raise fruit than farm. There will be more money
in it."

11. James Ackerman, Esq., of Hygiene, Colo., who is a suc-
cessful and prominent fruit-grower, was asked the usual questions
by us, and his reply was :

" In answer to your first question would say, I raise all the tree
fruits except the peach and apricot.

'* To your second question, my net profits were about $200
per acre.

" To your third question, the apple, pear, plum, cherry, rasp-
berry, blackberry, strawberry, currant, gooseberry, and grape.

" I have derived the most profit from apples, pears, plums, rasp-
berries, and currants."

Mr. C. F. Smith, whose P. O. address is Greeley, Colo., made
affidavit that the yield for 1890 from his ten-acre tract under the
Latham ditch was 1,750 bushels of potatoes.

Potatoes weigh about sixty-two pounds to the bushel, and sell
in the Denver market at $1.00 to $1.65 per 100 pounds at wholesale.

Mr. H. M. Miller, whose P. O. address is Greeley, Colo., made
affidavit that the yield from his twenty-five acres under No. 2 ditch,
for 1890, was 5,000 bushels of potatoes.

J. C. Benton, also under the No. 2 ditch, made affidavit that he
planted twenty-nine acres of potatoes, which returned to him 5,050
bushels, while he cut eighty tons of alfalfa hay from twelve acres.

These yields, as can be seen, are not from test acres, but are
the results of the legitimate cultivation of a considerable number
of acres ; and we could quote more equally good showings were

further proof of the high value of our land, near so large a market,
necessary.

The Company's Advantages :

1. An unrivaled location (see accompanying map) adjoining
the large, prosperous city of Denver.

2. The ownership of both the land and the water. Well-managed
land companies owning no water have been uniformly successful.
Irrigation securities and water company undertakings are universally
"safe "and profitable, for water is an absolute necessity of life
everywhere — in no country more so than Colorado, for farming is
a failure without it. This Company owns both land and water :
land, the basis of value, and the water, which enhances the value.

3. A practical control of the water supply. We create our own
water supply by storage, and are not dependent upon any uncertain
stream.

4. The ownership of a large, beautiful lake, whose value is very
great, situated, as it is, in an otherwise " arid " region, and near
enough to Denver to be utilized for fishing, shooting, boating,
resort, and ice privileges.

5. A variety of sources of income, such as sales of land, sales of
water, rental of land, sales of building stone, clay, ice, and water-
power for manufacturing purposes, besides the profits of the resort
and sporting privileges of Castlewood Lake.

Income. — The Company's operations to date have been limited
to the sale of land. They have sold seventy-three ten-acre tracts from
June i, 1891, to date, at prices which will net them $250 an acre, and
their plan for selling small tracts is meeting with much favor.

It is not too much to say, with perfect safety, that their opera-
tions from the sale or leasing of the diverse kinds of property
owned by them, land, water for irrigation, domestic, and motive-
power purposes, building stone, clay, etc., will pay their fixed
charges, operating expenses, and a handsome dividend on their
stock ; as soon as their very extensive plant is in thorough working
order.

Bonds. — The General Mortgage Thirty Year 6 per cent. Gold
Sinking Fund Bonds (through the operations of existing agreements
between the Company and holders of the bonds of its predecessor

10

15

^ o

i§

Sg
53

companies), will become a first and only mortgage upon all of the
property described in the beginning of this prospectus, and all prop-
erty hereafter to be acquired. As the land alone (appraised at prices
lower than those now being realized) is worth considerable over two
millions of dollars, leaving the water plant and rights entirely out
of consideration, the security to bondholders is evident and larg£.

These bonds may be redeemed by the Company at a not greater
price than no, through the operations of a Sinking Fund which
receives 60 per cent, of a schedule selling price of each sale made.
The legal affairs of the Company have been from its incorpora-
tion, and are now under the charge of Hon. Charles H. Toll and
Wm. R. Barbour, Esq., Denver, and Messrs. Bangs, Stetson, Tracy
and MacVeagh, New York, to whom references regarding such
matters may be made.

In this connection we append

COUNSEL'S OPINION.

DENVER, June 5, 1891.

We are asked our opinion upon the regularity of the consolidation
proceedings of The Denver Water Storage Company and The
Denver-Arapahoe Land Company, resulting in the formation of The
Denver Land and Water Storage Company, and upon the regularity
of the $800,000 mortgage of the latter Company to the State Trust
Company as trustees, dated May i, 1891, known as the General
Mortgage of said Company.

With reference to these matters we have to advise that we
attended the meetings of the stockholders of the constituent com-
panies, and are of the opinion that their proceedings were regularly
conducted and that the consolidation of these companies was duly
and properly effected.

The certificate of incorporation of the consolidated Company,
The Denver Land and Water Storage Company, was drawn in con-
formity with the statute and executed by the proper persons and in
accordance with the requirements of the law.

We have examined the record of the proceedings of the Board
of Directors of The Denver Land and Water Storage Company, and
are of the opinion that the General Mortgage of that Company was
duly and regularly authorized and executed.

The mortgage was prepared in New York. We have examined

ii

it carefully, and consider it an especially well drawn instrument, and
are of the opinion that it provides proper and sufficient remedies for
the bondholders and that its terms are in conformity with law.

CHARLES H. TOLL.
WILLIAM R. BARBOUR.

Fruit Tracts For Sale. — This Company is endeavoring to
prove that " ten acres enough " is a fact as well as a theory. Refer-
ence to page 8 will convince the careful reader of the great profit
of fruit raising near so large a market as Denver.

We Have a Plan, whereby we plow the land, plant the trees, set
out the small fruits, fence and thoroughly cultivate the land. You pay
us in easy installments for the mere cost of doing this, and when it is
finished and the tract is in a profitable condition YOU GET THE
LAND without any further payment thatn the taxes and a small annual
maintenance tax for the water-right.

Send for our pamphlet, " The Golden Opportunity," fully describ-
ing the Clark Colony plan.

We also sell land outright at prices that are attractive to any
investor who believes in the safety of irrigated land as a permanent
form of investment. We will quote prices, terms, and give full infor-
mation to anyone writing to either our Denver or New York office.
Land in and about Denver has made the fortune of many a non-
resident, and we have the only land near Denver irrigated by the
scientific reservoir system. Write for terms.

Extracts from Reports.

HENRY R. WTOLCOTT, Esq., Denver : "I have the greatest con-
fidence in the future value of the property owned by your consoli-
dated Company. I have visited the reservoirs and driven across the
land from one end to the other. I know of no better land than that
owned by the Company and the adjacent territory which it is pro-^
posed to irrigate with the water from your reservoirs and canals.

We have greater and more varied resources than any

State in this Union and must grow rapidly, and with this growth
must come an increased value to all of your lands, and there cer-

12

tainly can be no safer investment here than in well secured water-
rights.

" I believe fully in the merit of your scheme. . . It is of the
greatest importance to the State that such enterprises should be
built up, and I feel confident that your Company will have a pros-
perous future."

H. A. WOODS, Esq., C.E., formerly Chief Engineer and General
Superintendent of the Panama Railroad Company : " The general
character of the work shows of itself that great care was taken in
constructing both front and back walls above foundations, and
equal care was taken in placing the interior mass of loose rock. I
believe the foundations of the dam secure, and in proof of this
would say that the back wall, which is 70 feet above the natural
surface of the creek bed, shows neither settlement, crushing, change
of alignment, nor crack, in its extreme length, and that the front
wall is in equally good condition."

R. D. HOBART, Esq,, C.E., formerly Engineer-in-Charge, Sewer
Department, City of Boston, and Engineer Fitchburg R.R. : "I will say
that from the observations made, together with the reports of your
engineers, I do not hesitate to say that if the statements of your
engineers and gentlemen connected with the work were correct, that
the structure now built is a good and substantial piece of work, and
in my opinion perfectly safe to hold the amount of water which it

was intended for One very satisfactory evidence of the

stability of said dam is that no settlement has taken place since its
construction."

WALTER H. GRAVES, Esq., Superintendent of Irrigation, Indian
Department : " The dam as constructed is an unusually substantial
structure, and so constructed as to be fully able to meet all
demands which could be made upon it."

CHARLES W. GREENE, Esq., New York City, Irrigation Expert :
" I personally rode over, or in plain view of all their lands ; about
14,000 acres of them can be irrigated, and the balance is fine
pasturage, and capable of producing same crops without irri-
gation. They are of high quality ; the soil is a deep chocolate
loam, with a very small percentage of clay, which prevents washing,
resting upon a clay subsoil.

13

"The surface requires no leveling, and there is absolutely no
waste land in the entire tract. .... It can be made to real-
ize $300 an acre average."

WALTER C. FROST, Esq., to the Globe Investment Co., Boston :
" The enterprise seems, after due and deliberate consideration, well
conceived, and we believe it will succeed. . . . . The great
piece of engineering at the head of this canon seems well calcu-
lated to do its part. It consists of eighty thousand tons of rock,

scientifically set in one-and-a-half million pounds of cement

The land, if measured by the market price of land of the same kind,
with a water-right on the high line ditch, at the same distance from
Denver, is worth, with a water-right, from $150 to $300 an acre."

THEO. ROSENBURG, Esq., Civil and Hydraulic Engineer: "Ac-
cording to your instructions I have ^made examination of dam
at Castlewood, in Douglas County, and herewith hand you report
on same, prepared from notes taken on the spot.

" I find that the site of the structure is all that can be desired
for such purpose ; the abutments of the dam resting against and
being bonded into very hard rock, which extend on both sides of
the dam, faces for a considerable distance, and also above the top
of the dam, thus affording a configuration of the ground eminently
adapted for a waterlock of the strongest kind.

"The artificial structure consists of quarry-faced rock of great
density and structural hardness, laid up toward the reservoir side
in courses with battering face (i : 3); and on the discharged side
in regular coursed steps, attaining a height of sixty-eight feet by a
thickness of over eighty feet ori line, respectively, above line of
natural ground. The faces of the stonework are quarried and the
work is done with considerable care and neatness ; the joints are
filled with cement mortar, which, from tests since made, is of
a superior quality and well suited to the character and purpose of
the work. The stone courses are laid with a sufficient number of
headers and double-headers stoutly bonded and of large size.
The joints show evidence of careful work, and are, in beds and on
sides, full of mortar.

"The core of the dam consists of a filling with large size broken
stone, grouted in layers, and its top is about eleven feet wide.

Four sets of tile pipe, two pipes in each set, form the discharge of
the reservoir. These pipes are closed by valves, which are reached
by a circular shaft of solid masonry extending vertically almost the
full height of the dam above the natural ground line, and the
valves allow the operator to gauge the quantity of discharge water
to a nicety. On the discharge side the pipes enter a three-foot tile
drain, which in turn empties into a paved ditch, from where the
water takes its course into the natural bed of Cherry Creek. A
by-pass of some forty-five feet in width at the maximum height of
the water in the reservoir, resting on one side against the trans-
versed end of the dam superstructure, and against the natural
rock ledge on the other side, with a sufficient grade augmented by
a somewhat narrower but similar water way on the opposite end of
the dam, form the overflow discharge of the reservoir and allow
spilling. The dam is further strengthened by an apron of earth on
the side of the reservoir, and extends some three hundred feet
horizontally on a line of the level of bottom of superstructure, and
vertically to within about twelve feet of the top of the dam. The
formation of the rock ledge on the side of the dam nearest to the
bed of Cherry Creek, facing the reservoir, is of such a nature as to
prevent any great or direct pressure resulting from spring floods or
other sudden rise of the creek against the back of the dam, inas-
much as the creek has to turn around the ledge and pass the foot
of the ledge on a curve of large radius, and for a considerable dis-
tance before it comes in contact with the dam. Before it can do
that it has, furthermore, to overcome the rise of the earth apron,
so that a direct impingement is conditioned by several stages of
obstructions which the creek, even at its greatest velocity and dis-
charge, would have to overcome.

" From what I could observe, as a result of my observation,
covered by the within report, I conclude that the dam in its con-
struction and location presents remarkable features of safety and
strength, and that it is abundantly, even excessively, heavy, and
therefore amply able to resist any hydrostatic and hydraulic
pressure, either singly or combined, which, by the nature of
its purpose, or by contemplation of any condition, with its lo-
cation, can possibly ever be applied to it, considering such press-

15

ure on a line from the top of the natural ground to the top
of the dam."

HERBERT I. REID, Esq., City Engineer, and G. P. D. TOWN-
SEND, Esq., C.E., Colorado Springs : " Generally speaking the dam is
of enormous strength. The factor of safety is much larger than is
usually employed in structures of this type. The plans show evi-
dence of ability and labor ; the work of construction is seemingly
carried out in the most thorough manner that means, expense, and
engineering skill can command. So far as we are able to judge,
money and skilled labor are not spared in making the structure the

best possible Near Denver there is a great demand

for small tracts of land covered by irrigation ditches for market
gardening, etc."

DONALD FLETCHER, Esq., Denver : " Relative to stocks and
bonds in irrigating canals in this State, I know of several which
pay promptly, and do not know of any that default. I know the
Denver Water Storage Company only in a general way and that
entirely favorable. There is no reason why it should fail to be a
very excellent concern, and, if properly managed, as the character
of its promoters warrants us in expecting, it should prove a profit-
able investment."

THE NEW YORK " SUN "of April 5, 1891, in an article on benefits
of irrigation in California and Colorado, makes the following allusion
to the property of this Company : " In 1880 there were 600 miles of
irrigating ditches in Colorado. In 1889 there were 34,000 miles in
operation, constructed at an expense of $10,000,000. It may be safely
stated that there are not more than 25,000,000 acres of irrigable
land in Colorado, thoroughly to utilize which will require every drop
of water which falls inside the State. The limited area of the irriga-
ble arable land in Colorado in proportion to the total acreage of the
State, and the demands of the cities, towns, and mines for its products,
have given such land an excellent market value which is rapidly en-
hancing, especially near Denver, Pueblo, and Colorado Springs. Colo-
rado farmers and nurserymen are fortunate in this respect. The State
is largely mountainous and the products of the land find a ready sale
in the large cities and mining camps, which consume but don't
produce, and have hitherto depended for their support on far-away

16

Iowa and Illinois. Land with a water-right attached to it is worth
from $25 to $250 an acre near Pueblo ; from $25 to $500 an acre
near Colorado Springs, and from $50 to $1,500 an acre near Denver,
and is cheap at those prices, considering the income-paying quality
it has developed.

GREAT WORKS AROUND DENVER.

The Platte River runs through the city of Denver, and as a
consequence intersects the most valuable land in the State ; but it
doesn't water it, by any means. Its normal flow has been over-
appropriated notoriously. The canals, especially the larger ones,
taking water from this stream, will be obliged to supplement their
present methods of delivery by the storage-reservoir system to
furnish all the water they have contracted to deliver.

The storage-reservoir system, as adopted in California, is an
absolute necessity. The land was there — the enormous water
drainage was clearly and accurately indicated in Hayden's official
surveys — the profits were sure to be large. This necessary and
tempting combination induced the formation of the Denver Water
Storage Company by a party of Denver, New England, and New
York capitalists. This Company will have in operation this summer
the first large irrigation system in the State depending upon the
storage reservoir for their base of supply. The experience of Call
fornia long ago proved that while it was true that by irrigation was
the scientific way to farm, the reservoir system was equally the
scientific way to irrigate. The relations of the seller and buyer of
water under this plan have been harmonious and satisfactory, and
the supply sure and accurately determined. The Company Executed
the plans of A. M. Welles, which included a large masonry dam,
creating the main catchment basin, and a complete distributing
system of canals, laterals, and reservoirs.

About one mile and a half down a picturesque canon the divert-
ing dam of stone, earth, and piling throws the water from the creek
bed into the head gate of the Company's Arapahoe canal. Flumes
have been practically dispensed with, and are used only in crossing
short and deep gulches, where a wasteway is desired in the canal.
In their place sunken or syphon pipe lines are employed as a form

of construction, less expensive to maintain and much more perma-
nent. This Company owns about 17,000 acres of land in Douglas
and Arapahoe counties — some of it adjoining the platted additions
to the city of Denver. Their enterprise and courage has converted
the most valuable tract of " dry unproductive land in Colorado into
a source of profit to themselves, and the cultivation of this land will
prove to be of great aid to the additional development of Denver."
This idea was conceived by W. E. Alexander, and was carried
through under the financial management of Carlisle N. Greig, with
the aid of a number of Eastern capitalists.

The cut, " Castlewood Lake," here shown, is a reproduction of a
Kodak view taken from the top of the dam. The Denver company
which will manage this property will cultivate about 3,000 acres, in
fruit, berries, vegetables, and alfalfa this year, build roads, and
develop their holdings."

Denver.

POPULATION .

Building operations for 1890 • .
Realty sales for 1890
Wholesale jobbers' sales for 1890 .
Value of manufacturers' output for 1890
Bank clearings for 1890 ....
Product of the farm for 1890 in Colorado
Mineral output for 1890 " "

Coal output for 1890 " "

Stone output for 1890 " "

1 50,000

65,500,000.00

38,37o,456.c

44,o75,8o2.<

255>599>°°i-3<

45,ooo,ooo.o<

29,880,734.00

5,751,710.47

3,000,000.00

Burlington

HAVE You

Route

EVER VISITED

THE

Mountain * Resorts

OF-

Colorado ?

-- • —- — ....

THE WONDROUS SCENERY
THE MAJESTIC ROCKIES
BREATHED THE INVIGORATING

MOUNTAIN AIR ?

YOUR FALL VACATION SHOULD INCLUDE COLORADO,
CHEAPLY, QUICKLY, AND COMFORTABLY REACHED BY

"The Burlington Route"

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim

SEND FOR PAMPHLETS, TIME-TABLES, ETC., TO

P. S. EUSTIS, OR E. J. SWORDS,

GEN'L PASS. AND TICKET AGENT, GENERAL EASTERN AGENT,
CHICAGO, NEW YORK.