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Full text of "Publii Virgilii Maronis opera; or, The works of Virgil. With copious notes, mythological, biographical, historical ... in English; comp. from the best commentators ... Together with an ordo of the most intricate parts of the text, upon the same page with the text. Designed for the use of students in the colleges, academies, and other seminaries, in the United States ... To which is added, A table of reference .."

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i 


PU6LII   VIRGILII   MARONIS 


OPEEA; 


OR 


THE  WORKS  OF  VIRGIL. 

ffiTU  copious  mi?, 

*  "ilUOLOGICAL,    BIOORAPinCAL,     HISTORICAL,     GEOGRArillCAIi,     PHILOSOPHtC  VL, 
ASTRONOMICAL,    CRITICAL,     AND    EXPLANATORY,     IN    ENGLISU ; 

*  COMPILED  FROX  THE  BEST  COMMEXTATOBS,   WITH  MANT  THAT  ABE  KEW. 

TOGBTnSR  WITH 

AN  ORDO  OF  THE  I08T  INTRICATE  PARTS  OF  THE  TEXT 

UPON  THS  8AMB  PAGB  WITH  THB  TEXT. 
DESIGirKD  FOB  TIIB  U8E  OP 


8TUDENTS  IN  THE  COLLEGES,    ACADEMIES,    AND   OTHEB  8EMINARIE8,    IN  TRE 

UNITED   STATES. 


6PECL1LLT  CALCULATED  TO   LIOnTEN   TDE   LABOnR   OF  TBE  TEACHER,   AHD  TO 
LKAD  THE  STaDENT  INTO  A  KNOWLKDOE   OF  THE   POET. 


TO  WHICB  18  ADDED 


Qi  Sable  of  Eeftrenct. 


BY  THE  REV.  J.  G.  COOPER,  A.  M. 


NEW    YORK: 

SHELDON  AND  COMPANY,  Publishbbs, 
498  AND  600  BROADWAY, 

1868. 


XJ  A 


HAKVARD  COLLEfiE  UBHAtfy 

JliL  8  1883 


h      ■ 


£ntercd  according  to  Act  of  Gongre88f  in  the  year  1866,  bj 

GATHARINE  GOOPER, 
in  the  Clerk'8  OfBce  of  the  District  Court  of  the  Southera  Difitrict  of  New  York. 


KAVUVACTUUD  BT 
CA8E,  LOCKWOOD  dc  CO., 

PiiDteis,  Mecbvtypers  aod  Booklidas 

IIARTPORD,  CONy. 


/ 


RECOMMEN  DATIONS. 


Nbw-York,  July  6, 1815. 
Aq  edidon  of  the  Worka  of  Virgil,  upon  the  plan  adopted  by  the  Rev.  J.  G. 
CiK>per,  I  think  preferable  to  those  usually  put  into  the  handB  of  boys.  Hia 
Dotes  and  ezplanations,  so  far  as  I  have  examined  them,  are  both  copious  and 
iudiciouA.  Believing  that  claaaical  literature  will  be  promoted  thereby,  I  do 
cheerfuily  recommenid  the  work. 

WILLIAM  HARRIS,  D.  D. 

PraiideDt  of  Coluiubia  CoUege. 

In  the  above  opinion  expresaed  by  Dr.  Harris,  we  do  fully  and  cordially 

JOHN  BOWDEN,  D.  D. 

Prof eaMM-  of  Shetoric,  ^  lcc.  Cohunbta  CoUMt. 

Rev.  EDMUND  D.  BARRY, 

Principal  of  Un  Ep.  Acadeoiy,  New-Yoilr. 

JOHN  BORLAND,  A.  M. 

Teiicljer  of  a  8«>lect  ClaMicai  Sdiool,  New-York. 

TILLOTSON  BRUNSON,  D.  D. 

Princi|»al  of  tbe  Ep.  Acadeniy,  Clieehire,  Conneotiait» 

Baltixobe,  Oct.  20,  1 825. 
Id  tlie  above  opinion  expressed  by  Dr.  Harris,  we  do  fuUy  and  cordially 

W.  E.  WYATT,  D.  D. 

Aaoclue  Mln.  of  SL  PKul*e  ParlalL 

Rev.  JOHN  ALLEN,  A.  M. 

ProfeMorof  ICtili.  In  tJie  Univeraity  of  MRrylaiid,  and  autborof  an  edltioo  of  l^ 

Eleineuta  of  Euclid,  dtc  hr^ 

Nkw-York,  April,  1827. 
In  the  above  opmion  ezpressed   by  Dr.  Harrifl,  I  do  fally  and  cordially 

JAMES  RENWICK, 

ProfbBMir  of  Nat.  PliUoeopliy  and  CbemlMiy  In  C6L  CoUeie. 

Phiuidelpiiia,  June,*1827. 
In  tha  above  opinion  expressed  by  Dr.  Harris,  I  do  fuUy  and  cordially 
ipee. 

JAMES  ROSS,  L.  L.  D. 

Autborof  a  Latin  Grany&ar,  Itc.  Iec 

Lexinoton,  Ky.  April  1,  1825. 
I  Having  recently  examined  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Cooper^s  proposed  edition  of  the 
Workfl  of  Virgil,  I  have  no  hesitation  in  giving  my  opinion,  that  the  plan  which 
ht  has  pursued  is  excellent,  and  the  execution  highly  creditable  to  his  talents 
lad  ncholarship.  Such  a  work  will  greatly  facilitate  the  study  of  the  poet.  on 
^  part  of  the  youthful  leamer.  It  will  give  him  a  correct  idcn  of  the  meaniiig 
df  the  author  in  the  more  difficult  passages ;  and  by  't(s  co)>ious  notes  upon 
■ooent  history,  and  mythology,  will  enable  him  to  relish  beauUes  that  are  now 
nrtlT  perceived  in  the  early  course  of  classical  instruction.  1  have  no  doubt 
hot  that  its  appearance  will  be  welcomed  by  tlie  iiitelligcnt  and  discerning,  a»  a 
piblic^tion  admirably  adaptcd  to  enlist  tlie  fcelings,  and  sUmulate  the  appUca- 
^  of  yo*jth,  iii  the  elementary  schools  of  our  country. 

GEORGE  T.  CHAPMAN,  D.  D. 

Frofemorof  UiMtory,  Ack^in  TraiMylvania  Un5Tcnlty«¥3 


IV  RECOMMENDATIONS. 

Baltimorc, 

The  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil  proposed  to  be  publish 
G.  Cooper,  appedrs  to  uie,  as  far  as  a  very  partial  examinatioi 
me  to  judge,  to  be  a  work  of  merit,  both  as  to  the  plan  and  e 
am  ])erBuaded,  that  its  adoption  into  our  Colleges  and  Semir 
ivill  greatly  facilitate  the  acquisition  of  a  correct  knowledj 
fiLnd  distinguished  poet. 

JAMES  KEMI 

Blabop  of  the  ProU  Epin.  Cliurcta 

So  fdr  as  I  have  had  opportunity  to  examine  the  manuscr 
G.  Cooper  for  a  new  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil,  I  high 
plan,  and  think  it  well  calculatcd  to  facilitate  the  study  of  the 
to  be  a  leading  object  with  Mr.  Cooper,  to  lighten  the  biird 
by  elucidating  tlie  difiicuh  passages  of  the  author,  and  by  \qi 
mind  into  a  relish  of  his  bcautics  and  excellencies. 

Tlie  substitution  of  an  Ordo  of  the  most  intricate  passages 
general  interpretation  of  the  text,  I  consider  a  material  adv 
removes  the  difliculties  in  the  collocation  of  the  words,  it  lead 
directly  to  the  text,  and  tends  to  fix  iiis  attention  more  closely 
01  the  poet.  On  the  whole,  I  consider  tlie  work  deserving  of 
and  I  wish  him  every  encouragement  in  his  endeavours  to  pr< 
of  classical  literature. 

FRANCIS  E.  GODDAB 

President  uf  Uie  SouUiern  Colle; 

Nooember  6,  1823. 

LouTsviLLE,  Ky.  Dece 

Having  been  favoured  with  the  perusal  of  notcs  upon  the 
compiled  by  tJie  Rev.  J.  G.  Cooper,  together  with  an  Ordo 
cate  parta  of  the  text,  I  am  fully  persuaded  they  are  well  calc 
younger  classical  students  to  read  and  understand  the  poet 
more  difiicult  passages  ;  to  enlarge  the  mind  in  tiie  Geograp 
and  to  explain  the  mythology  of  tlie  age  in  which  he  wrote. 

The  criticisms  on  the  text  are  generally  correct,  and  d 
acquaintance  with  the  syntax  of  the  Latin  language :  and  I 
say,  that  in  my  opinion,  the  work  would  be  very  useful  in  t 
Seminaries  of  the  United  States. 

GIDEON  BLACK 

Cambridge,  Mass. 

An  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil,  upon  the  plan  adopted 
Cooper,  will.  I  am  persuaded,  be  found  useful  in  instruction 
Dortion  of  that  assistance  in  the  interpretation  of  the  poet, 
frequently  and  injudiciously  had  to  translations ;  while  it  is 
ezempt  from  any  of  the  disadvantages  attending  such  a  mo( 
author. 

JOHN  T.  KIRK 

Praddent 

HnvGHAM,  Mas 

From  a  partial  examination  of  the  maniiacript  copy  of  th( 
with  English  notes,  &c.  by  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Cooper,  it  app 
prepared  with  much  labour  and  care.  I  have  no  doubt  that  t 
would  be  of  esAential  advantage  to  classical  students,  espec 


RECOMMENDATIONS.  t 

lui?e  not  made  connderable  progress  in  the  Latin  language,  previoua  to  ineif 
eomiiienciiig  the  atudy  of  the  poet. 

DANIEL  KIMBALL,  A.  M. 

Prlndpa]  of  IMiy  Arademj. 

1  liiny  assent  to  the  opinion  expressed  above  by  Mr.  Kimball,  as  to  the  value 
tnd  uaeftdness  of  an  edition  of  Virgil,  upon  the  plan  proposed  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Cooper.  UENRY  WARE,  D.  D, 

ProfeMor  of  Divlniiy  Ln  Harv.  Unlverally. 

Tns  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil,  prcpared  by  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Cooper, 
appears  to  be  well  calculated  to  facilitate  a  knowledge  of  tlie  poet.  To  those 
wlio  may  wish  to  study  the  poet,  without  the  aid  of  an  instructor ;  and  to  in- 
stnictors  themselves,  who  bave  not  enjoyed  a  correctly  classical  education,  it 
will  be  eminently  useful. 

JOHN  S.  J.  GARDINER,  D.  D. 
»x,  May,  1815. 


At  the  lequpst  of  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Cooper,  I  have  cursorily  examined  a  pnnt- 
ed  speciinen  of  his  proposed  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil ;  and  am  of  opiiiion, 
that,  if  the  whole  should  be  executed  in  the  manner  of  this  sam])le,  it  will  be 
deserving  of  patronage. 

J.  L.  KINGSLEY, 

Proftaor  of  the  Latin  f«an^afe. 

Yaub  Colleob,  April  14,  1827. 

Ellwood  Seminart,  (near  Philadelphia,)  Dec.  9,  1826. 
f  have  perused  the  specimen  of  your  proposed  edition  of  tJie  Works  of  V^irgil, 
wnich,  I  thiiik,  will  deserve  a  reception  into  every  classical  Academy. 

JAMES  TATHAM. 
Rev.  J.  G.  CooPBR. 

• 

From  a  apecimen  of  the  proposed  edition  of  the  Works  of  Virgil,  by  the  Rev. 
I.  G.  Cooper,  I  am  induced  to  believe  the  publication  will  be  an  aid  to  the 
^ause  of  our  hterature,  by  going  into  use  among  thc  younger  stndents. 

HECTOR  nUMPHRKVS, 

Proftwor  of  ancient  Languagoi,  Wanliiugtnn  Colitge. 

ILiKTFORn,  April  14,  1827 

I  highly  approve  of  the  plan  adopted  by  the  editor,  haVing  for  many  yeara 
kelieved  such  an  edition  of  Virgil  a  great  desideratum  in  our  schools. 

THOMAS  DUGDALE,  jr. 

TMclier  of  Latln  and  Greelc,  In  Piieniltf*  AcailfMiiy,  Ptiiladt^iplila. 

WASHnfOTON  CiTv,  Dcc.  \f;'*ri, 
Sip — I  am  highly  pleased  with  your  edition  of  Virgil.     I  tiiink  t!ie  Kii^ii'»^ 
notes  will  be  of  infinite  advantage  to  the  scholar,  and  very  iriterestinir  to  ij:8 
teacher.     I  am  anxious  to  have  a  suflicient  number  of  copies  to  supply  iny 
■chooU  as  I  am  determinid  to  use  no  other  for  the  future. 

Yours  respectfully, 

A.  R.  PLUMLEY. 
Rev.  J.  G. 


BosTON,  May  9th,  1 8 1  r>. 
Sni — So  &r  as  I  can  judge  of  the  plan  on  which  you  propose  to  publish  an 
adition  of  Virgil,  from  the  fe\v  pages  of  manuscript  siibmitted  to  mv  YWftyecAxQw, 
l  think  h  calculated  to  &cilitate  Oie  progreas  of  tiie  learper ;  aud  ^cvi\\v\t\^ 


fi  RECOMMENDATIONS. 

adapted  tO  the  younger  class  of  pupils,  who  are  with  difficult 
stand  the  fiotes  in  the  original,  when  hurici^i  as  they  frequei: 
author. 

BENJAMIN  i 

Prliid|»al  of  Um  |N 

I  cheerfully  concur  in  approving  the  plan  of  Mr.  Cooper'f 
oftheWorksofVirgiL 

FRANCIS  FE 

AHodatePrinciptl  of  UieMoant  PleaHuit  Cla«ical  Instlttfion, 

Apbil,  1827. 

We,  the  subflcribers,  do  approve  of  the  plan  adopted  by 
Cooper  for  a  new  edUion  of  the  Works  of  Virgil :  and,  wher 
hereby  recommend  his  work  to  those  classical  students,  wli 
lespective  Seminariea 

Rev.  WM.  RAFFERTl 

Prindpal  of  St.  Jofe 

EDWARD  SPAl 

ProfeflMirof  Languagef  in  j 

Rev.  SAM'L.  K.  JEN^ 

.  s   Principal  of  the  Aib 

#  MICHAEL  POW] 

Profeaor  of  Larwuaflies,  AA 

Rev.  TIMOTHY  CLOV 

Priniqhial  of  WaahliM 

Rev.  HENRY  L    DAVl 

Prindpal  of  WUminf 

Rev.  FREDERIC  BEA 

Provoat  of  (he  Unii 

J.  G.  THOMSON 

Proteaawof  Languagei  of 

B.  CONSTANT, 

illaulMl  ef  the  Llieruy,  Bdentific  and  Militaiy  Lyoea 

JOHN  BORLAN 

ProAaor  of  Claaical  Literatore  in  tlie  CoUegl 

Rev.  E.  D.  BARRY,  ! 

Prindpal  ct  a  ClaaBica; 

A.  PARTRIDGE 

S  JpermieadaHt  of  Ihe  AnMrieui  LHentfy,  Sdentiiir.  and  MUitary  Acadei 

E.  B.  WILLISTC 

PrnlBWnr  cf  ihe  Qnek  and  Latfai  langnagee  In  the  A.  L.  8.  and  Military  Acadc 

Rev.  JOSEPH  SPENC 

Profoeeor  of  Languagee  bi  DiclUneoi 

Rev.  JAMES  WILTBi 

Plladual  of  the  Oraaunar  Bchool  of  Uie  Unh 

Rev.  SAMUEL  B.  Wl 

Prindpal  of  a  Claedcal  * 

GEORGE  HALE 

FllMliiilef  •  ClaeBical  and  Mathenaatlcal . 

JOHN  ANDERS 

Prlndpalof  a  ClaeBical  ^ 

C.  FELLT, 

Priadpal  of  a  Claerical . 

W.  J.  BIRKEY, 

Prindpal  of  a  Claarical . 

HENRY  HOOD, 

Prlndpal  of  a  Cleerical 

B.  J.  SCHIPPEl 

PrtMlpalflraCbierieal 


RECOHMENDATIONS.  m 

W%  Hm  ■obseribeTS,  do  approve  of  the  plan  adopted  by  the  Rer.  J.  G. 
lOfm  ht  a  mem  ediiicm  of  the  Worka  of  Virgil ;  and,  when  publiahed,  we 
I  hmkj  recommend  hia  worfc  to  thoae  claBsical  atudenta,  who  may  attand 
ir  iMueetife  flminariei. 

Rer.  WM.  BALLANTINE, 

PrtedpBl  oT  •  CliHileal  AcataV,  PUtaJiMI». 

WM.  MANN,  A.  M. 

Prtpdprt  of  >  ClMiini!  A  ridiy,  Plilhiilplii 

J.  P.  ESPY, 

Pitodpal  ef  >  Ctewlnl  Agidiy,  Plilhiilplii 

DAVID  PATTERSON, 


Pitadpid  of  •CtaMleal  Acatew,  Niii^TortL 

WM  SHERWOOD, 

Prtndpal  of  •  ClMleal  AcadcBqr,  Naii^TQrlc. 

W.  H.  BOGART,  A.  B. 


PrtndMl  of  a  CtaMM  Acatav,  N( 

JOSEPHPERRY,  A.  M. 

Prtactoalor  a  ClMdeal  Aoadany.Ntvp-TortL 

GOULDfiROWN, 

Prtndpalof  a  ClMdeil  Acadaqr,  Naif^Torit. 

JACOB  tTbERGEN, 

Prtndpal  of  aClankal  Acadaqr,  Noir-Toril 

JAMESANDERSON, 

ChMleal  Teaebor  IB  tlM  La  PiBjfcite  lcniinBfT,  N.  Toril 

J.  SLOCOMB,     - 

Prtadpol  oT  a  CMeal  AcadeBqr,  Non^Torit. 

8AMUEL  U.  BERRIAN, 
W.  LORD, 

Aawlaic  Prtadpal  of  aClMrieal  Acadaqr, 

A.  ROGERS, 

Prtadpal  oT  a  Betod  ClMrieal  Acadaqr, 

JAMlS  STEEN, 

Prtndpal  oC  tlw  WoatWQrtli  Acadeaqr, 

JOHN  PRENTISS, 

Prtndaal  of  a  ClMrieal  Aeadea 

B«T.  J.  G.  ROBERTSON, 

PrtMlpal  of  a  ided  Oa 

JAMESGOULD, 

PrtMlpal  flf  a  Cli 

EUJAH  GARFIELD, 
ELUAHlM8AR5!3I^Sjr 

PNeopior  of  tlw  RafilM  OraaHMur 

JOHN  M.  KEAGY,  M.  D. 

PitMlpd  or  Um  RinM«| 

BARNABAS  BATES, 

PilMlMlar  ■  GlMlnil  Amimt.thm-] 

THOHASP.  HAGOERTT, 

WM».l«ftCl.iiliiilAiiiMV,BiiHi|yii».P.a 


• 


>l 


Th  Prafessors  and  Teachers  of  Classical  Literature  in 
the  CoU^eSy  AcademieSj  ana  other  Sendnaries  in  the 
United  States: 


Tbe  very  favorable  opinion  that  many  of  you  have  expressed,  of  the  plan 
and  execution  of  this  EdUum  cf  the  works  of  VirgiLt  clainiB  my  respectflit 
acknowledgments. 

Every  attempt  to  facilitate  the  acquisition  of  classical  literature  will,  I  am 
persuaded,  meet  your  approbation ;  I  shall,  therefore,  offer  no  apology  for 
adding  this  new  edition  to  the  many  others,  already  before  the  public. 

Soon  after  T  commenced  the  instruction  of  youth,  I  became  sensible  of  the 
L*qpropriety  of  the  use  of  the  editions  of  Virgil,  then  in  our  schools.  Those  of 
Rusus  and  Davidson  were  generally,  if  not  exclusively,  read ;  both  eciually 
objectionable,  the  former  by  affording  too  little  aid  to  the  student  in  the  illus- 
tration  of  the  text,  the  latter  by  afibrding  him  too  much.  It  was  at  this  early 
pen<>d  that  I  formed  the  plan  of  the  pi^esent  edition.  Except  the  two  \ksx  books 
of  t>ie  iEneid,  it  was  finished  in  the  year  1815,  as  you  will  perceive  by  the  date 
of  several  of  the  recommendations.  Since  which  time,  they  have  been  com- 
pleted,  and  the  whole  carefiilly  revised  and  greatly  improved.  1'his  delay  in 
the  publication  gave  me  a  further  opportunity  to  become  acquainted  with  the 
wants  of  students,  especially  in  the  early  course  of  study,  and  to  collect  the 
opinions  of  teachers  upon  this  subject.  That  opinion  has  uniformly  been  in 
(avor  of  my  plan ;  which  takes  a  middle  course  between  the  opposite  extrcmes 
of  affording  too  Uttle,  and  too  much  assistance  to  the  student. 

The  partial  ordo  is  designed  to  assist  him  in  the  more  intricate  parts  of  the 
text ;  and  where  recourse  otherwise  must  be  had  to  the  teacher.  The  notes 
and  explanations  are  copious.  They  embrace  whatever  was  deemed  necessary 
to  elucidate  the  poet,  and  to  lead  the  youthful  mind  to  relish  his  beauties.  Some 
of  the  more  difficult  passages  I  have  translated ;  and,  in  general,  where  a  word 
is  u:f€d  out  of  its  common  acceptation,  I  have  given  its  sense  and  meaning  in 
that  particular  place :  and  where  commentators  are  not  agreed  upon  thc  niean* 
ing  of  a  word  or  phrase,  I  have  given  their  respective  opinions.  In  the  text,  1 
bave  adopted  the  reading  of  Heyne,  except  in  a  few  instances,  where  the  coii^ 
roon  reading  appeared  preferable. 

To  the  Bucohcs,  Georgics,  and  ^neid,  I  have  given,  in  the  first  instance,  a 
general  introduction ;  and  to  each  Eclogue,  and  book  of  the  Georgics  and 
^neid^  a  summary  or  particular  introduction :  so  that  the  student,  kno\%ing 
beforehand  the  subject,  and  anticipating  the  beauties  and  excellences  of  the 
poet,  will  proceed  with  ease  and  pleasure,  and  in  a  manner  ca\ch  V\\^  «^Vrifiu 
To  etcb  I  have  added  a  number  of  questiona^  to  be  asked  bj  the  le.acViet^  vemI 


tnswered  by  the  pupil.  They  maj  be  increased  or  mo^ 
This  meUiod  of  instruction,  by  question  and  answer,  will  be 
■enres  to  ezcite  inquiry  and  attention  on  the  par^  of  the  studen 
taacher  a  ready  method  of  discovering  the  degree  of  knowled 
obtained  of  the  subject.  In  this  particular,  I  acknowledge  ; 
eeveral  eminent  teachers,  who  suggested  the  improvement 

The  commentators,  to  whom  I  am  principally  indebted,  are 
Dr.  Trapp,  Davidson,  and  Valpy.  But  it  will  be  seen,  in  the  co 
that  I  have  not  beeo  oonfined  to  these  alone.  Wherever  I 
Qsefiil,  tending  either  to  elucidate  the  poet,  or  to  interest  th( 
takeii  it 

Throuffhoui  the  whole^  it  bas  been  a  {Hincipal  object  with  i 
poet  inteUigible,  and  to  elucidate  thoee  passages  which  are  obec 
To  the  whole  is  added,  a  table  of  reference  to  the  notes,  whei 
article  is  conaidered  or  passage  ezplained. 

To  yoo,  gentlemen,  I  preeent  it,  with  the  humUe  trast  that  I 
•nswer  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  designed,  namely,  to  lifl 
the  teacher,  and  to  &ci]itate  the  acquiaitton  of  a  knowleidge  oi 

J.  i 

K£W  TORK.  Oet  18S7. 


THE  lilFE  OF  VIRGJDU 


PcBUUB  TnoiiJTO  M ARO  was  born  at  a  village  caUed  Andea,  about  three 
finom  tbe  city  of  Mantua,  on  the  15th  day  of  October,  in  the  year  of 
Bome  684,  and  70  years  before  the  Chriatian  era.  Pompey  the  Great  and 
Marciis  Licinius  Crassus  were  conauls. 

His  parents  were  in  humble  circumstances.  His  father  cultivated  a  smaH 
6nn  for  the  maintenance  of  his  fiimily.  His  mother,  whose  name  was  Maia, 
«ms  reUted  to  Quintilius  Varus,  who  rose  to  be  proconsui  of  Syria,  and  afler- 
wards  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  Roman  army  in  Germany. 

The  first  seven  years  of  hb  life  were  passed  under  his  patemal  roof :  aller 
wfaich  he  was  removed  to  Cremona,  a  town  situated  upon  the  banks  of  the  Po, 
mnd  not  &r  fit>m  Mantua.  While  here,  he  distinguished  himself  in  those  studiea 
•uited  to  his  age,  and  gave  presage  of  his  future  eminence.  In  this  pleasant 
retreat  he  passed  ten  years,  till  he  assumed  the  Toga  viriJis^  which,  among  the 
Romans,  was  at  the  age  of  17.  At  an  early  period  he  showed  himself  to  be  a 
&vonte  of  the  Muses,  and  manifested  a  genius  that  one  day  was  to  rival  the 
«uthor  of  the  Uiad.  At  this  time  Pompey  and  Crassus  were  in  their  second 
coosulship. 

From  Cremona  he  removed  to  Mediolanimi,  a  town  not  fiu*  distant,  and  soon 
«fter  to  Napies.  Here  he  devoted  his  time  to  the  study  of  the  Greek  language, 
of  which  he  soon  became  master.  By  this  means  he  was  enabled  to  read  the 
Greek  poets  in  the  original,  to  enter  fiilly  into  their  spirit,  and  to  discover  their 
beauties  and  exceUencies.  This  proved  of  essential  service  to  him  in  his  future 
labors.  With  a  mind  thus  stored  with  literature,  and  a  taste  formed  by  the  best 
modeis,  he  entered  upon  the  study  of  medicine,  mathematics,  and  philosophy. 
These  last,  more  especiaDy,  were  his  pleasure  and  delight,  as  he  hauB  intimated 
in  several  parts  of  lus  wotks, 

He  studied  the  Epicurean  philosophy,  then  in  much  repute,  under  one  Syro, 
an  eminent  teacher.  He  afterwards  composed  his  Sixth  Eclogue,  with  a  view 
to  ccMnpIiment  his  preceptor,  and  to  express  a  gratefiil  remembrance  of  hia 
instnictions.  Yams  was  a  pupil  with  him  at  the  saoie  time.  Here  they  con- 
tracted  a  firiendfbp  for  each  other,  which  continued  during  the  remaindcr  of 
their  livea.  Baving  finished  his  studies  at  Naples,  which  occupied  several 
years,  it  is  said,  he  viaited  Rome ;  but  it  is  more  probable  that  he  retumed  to 
Mantua,  and  retired  to  his  patemal  inheritance.  Here  he  acquired  that  prao» 
lical  infonnation  which  so  eminently  qualified  him  for  writing  the  Georgics. 

A  penon  of  Virgil^s  extensive  attainments,  and  above  all,  of  his  poeticgenius, 
eonld  not  kmg  remain  in  obncurity.  His  fiime  reached  the  ears  of  PoUio,  who 
VM  m  hm  dntmgaMM  fbr  hia  love  of  literature,  and  of  the  miQiib,  ttkaik  Isr 


xu  LIFE  OF  VIRGIL. 

his  military  achievements.  He  was  a  particular  friend  of  Antony,  and  ander  him 
commaiAlcd  the  troops  in  Cis-AIpine  Gaul ;  in  which  Mantua  was  situated. 
Ilere  he  became  acquainted  with  Virgil,  who  was  introduced  to  him  either  by 
Varus  or  Gallus ;  both  of  whom  our  poet  has  mentioned  in  his  Eclogues,  in  tbe 
most  affectionate  terms. 

Afler  the  battle  of  Philippi,  which  proved  fatal  to  jthe  republican  party,  Au- 
Hrustus  divided  the  lands  in  the  neighborhood  of  Mantua  among  his  veteran 
troops,  to  whom  he  was  indebted  for  tliat  victory.  Virgil  was  involved  in  the 
common  calamity.  This  circumstance,  in  all  hiunan  appearance  to  be  lamented, 
and  which  to  otherB  proved  a  heavy  calamity,  to  our  poet  was  the  commence- 
ment  of  an  illustrious  career,  and  the  harbinger  of  an  immortal  day. 

PoUio,  who  entertained  a  sincere  friendship  for  Virgil,  and  was  well  qualified 
to  form  a  correct  estimate  of  his  talents  and  acquirements,  becoming  acquaint- 
ed  with  his  caae,  recommended  him  to  Maecenas,  who  was  then  at  Rome,  and 
held  the  highest  place  of  honor  and  confidence  with  his  prince.  The  fricnd  of 
PoUio  found  also  a  friend  in  Maecenas.  He  laid  his  case  before  Augustus,  and 
by  his  influence  with  his  prince,  obtained  the  restoration  of  his  estate.  Virgil, 
at  this  time,  probably  was  about  29  years  of  age.  He  immediately  returned 
with  the  edict  of  the  emperor  for  the  restoration  of  his  farm,  which  had  fallen 
into  the  hands  of  one  Areus,  a  centurion  ;  but  he  was  resisted  and  ill-treated  by 
the  new  possessor,  and  forced  to  swiin  over  the  Mincms  to  save  his  life.  This 
cruel  treatment  is  the  subject  of  the  nmth  Eclogue. 

He  went  a  second  time  to  Rome  upon  the  subject.  But  it  is  probable  he 
never  afler  resided  upon  his  estate.  A  wider  field  now  opened  before  him  ;  and 
he  made  the  seat  of  the  empire  the  place  of  his  residence.  Here  his  acquaint- 
ance  and  friendship  were  sought  by  the  niost  distinguished  men  ;  and  the  favorite 
of  the  Muses  became  also  the  favorite  of  Augustus. 

With  a  view  to  compliment  his  prince,  and  to  express  the  happy  state  of  the 
empire  under  his  administration,  it  is  said,  he  composed  the  following  distich. 
which,  in  a  private  manner,  he  afHxed  to  the  gate  of  the  palace : 

Nocte  pluit  tota,  redeunt  speotacula  mane : 
Divisum  imperium  cum  Jove  Ciesar  habet. 

Augustus  was  highly  pleased  with  the  compliment  paid  to  him,  and  the  deli- 
cate  manner  in  which  it  was  expressed ;  and  he  desired  to  find  out  the  author. 
VirgiPs  modesty  and  diflidence  prevented  him  from  making  an  avowal.  At 
leiigth,  one  Bathyllus,  a  poet  of  inferior  merit,  had  the  hardihood  to  claim  to  be 
the  author.  The  emperor  richly  rewarded  him.  This  greatly  mortified  our 
poet,  who  wrote  the  same  Unes  upon  the  gate  of  the  palace,  with  the  following 
one  under  them : 

HoB  ego  yersicttloB  feci,  tuUt  alter  honores : 

together  with  the  beginning  of  another  Une  in  these  words, 

Sio  YOfl  non  vobie, 

repeated  three  times.  Augustus  wished  to  find  the  author ;  and  as  the  surest 
way  of  doing  it^  demanded  that  tiie  lines  should  be  finished.  Several  attempta 
were  made  without  effect.  Batliyllus  was  not  able  to  doit;  which  led  to  a 
suspicion  of  his  imposture.  At  last  VirgU  finished  them,and  thus  avowed  him- 
self  the  author  of  the  previous  distich.     The  Unes  are  as  foUow : 

Sic  voB  non  vobis  nidificatiB  aves; 
Sic  vofl  hon  vobia  vcUera  fertifl  oves; 
«  Sic  vos  non  vobis  mellificatis  apes : 

Sic  vos  non  vobis  fertis  aratra  bovee. 

This  Oeteeted  the  impostor,  and  coveied  him  with  ridicule  and  oontempt 


UFE  OP  VIRGIL.  «u 

About  this  tirae,  at  the  suggestion  of  Pollio,  Virgi)  eommenced  writing  hia 
Eclogues;  which  occupied  him  tJu-ee  years.  Thefrst  was  written  to  express 
his  gratitude  to  his  prince  for  the  restoration  of  his  lanJs.  This  he  did  in  so 
delicate  and  modest  a  manner,  that  it  raised  him  greatly  in  the  estimation  of 
his  fricnds  and  countrymen  :  and  the  poet  conferred  a  greater  fevor  upon 
Augustus,  by  immortalizing  this  act  of  his  beneficence,  than  he  did  by  restoring 
to  him  his  lands.  The  others  were  written  upon  various  occasions,  and  for 
▼arious  purposes. 

The  Eclogues  were  extremely  popular.  So  well  were  they  received,  that 
they  were  several  times  repeated  upon  the  stage.  Cicero,  upon  hearing  them, 
was  so  much  pleased,  that  he  did  not  hesitate  to  say  of  tlie  author :  MagncB  spes 
altera  RomcB^  which  words  the  poet  aflerwards  introduced  into  the  twelflh  book 
of  the  iEneid,  applied  tolulus.  Virgil  may  be  considered  the  first  who  intro- 
duced  pastorals  among  the  Romans.  It  is  a  fact  worthy  of  notice,  that  he  was 
the  introducer,  and  at  the  same  time  tlie  pcrfector,  of  this  kind  of  writing.  All 
succeeding  poets  have  taken  him  as  tlieir  model,  and  found  the  surest  way  to 
success  to  be,  to  copy  his  beauties.  It  is  true,  he  was  much  indebted  to 
Theocritus,  who  was  the  first  pastoral  writer  of  eminence  among  the  Greeks . 
but  he  followed  him  with  judgment,  and  improved  upon  him  so  much  in 
correctness  of  taste,  in  purity  of  thought,  and  delicacy  of  expression,  that  we 
lose  sight  of  the  original.  So  much  was  he  esteemed,  that  ali  classes  of  per- 
sons  crowded  to  see  him,  whenever  he  appeared  in  public  ;  and  on  entering  the 
thentre,  the  people  rose  up  to  do  him  reverence,  no  less  than  to  Augustus 
himself. 

During  the  civil  wars,  agriculture  had  been  much  neglected  :  and  so  gene- 
ral  had  the  distress  become  on  that  account,  that  serious  apprchensions  were 
entertained  for  tlie  peace  of  Italy.  AII  classes  of  people  began  to  murmur,  and 
to  cast  the  blame  upon  Augustus,  and  his  administration.  In  this  state  of 
things,  it  occurred  to  Mflccenas,  that  the  most  effectual  method  of  avening  tlie 
impending  evils,  and  of  restoring  peace  to  the  people,  and  confidence  in  the 
adiiiinistration,  was  to  revive  the  agricultural  interests  of  tbe  country.*  For  this 
purpose,  he  desired  Virgil  to  write  a  treatise  upon  agriculture.  He  well  knew 
r.o  person  was  better  qualified  for  a  work  of  this  kind.  He  possessed  an 
extensive  knowledge  of  the  subject,  a  correct  taste,  and  could  enliven  it  with 
the  charms  of  poetic  numbers ;  and  he  already  possessed  the  confidence  and 
aiTections  of  his  countrymen. 

Afler  a  short  respite,  he  entered  upon  the  work.  That  he  might  be  less 
iDterrupted  in  its  prosecution,  he  retired  from  Rome  to  Naples,  a  city  more 
tranquil,  and,  at  the  same  time,  more  healthy.  In  this  pleasant  retreat,  removed 
from  the  bustle  of  the  capital,  the  intrigue  of  courts,  and  the  jarring  interests  of 
politics,  he  composed  the  Georgics — a  poem,  the  most  perfect  and  finished  of 
any  composition  in  tlie  Latin  language.  He  spent  seven  years  in  the  work. 
The  public  expectation  was  raised  high  ;  but  it  was  far  surpassed :  and  Virgil 
conferred  a  greater  blessing  upon  his  country,  than  if,  in  the  field,  he  had  ob 
tamed  the  most  splendid  victory  over  its  enemies. 

The  Georgics  were  every  where  well  received,  and  Italy  soon  assumed  a 
flourishing  appearance.  The  people  found  themselves  in  the  enjoyment  of 
peace,  plenty,  and  domestic  happiness.  The  poet  dedicated  the  work  to  his 
fiiend  Mfficenas,  a  statesman  distinguished  equally  for  his  love  of  literature  and 
flcience,  the  correctness  of  his  politics,  and  the  wisdom  of  his  councils. 

Virgil  was  now  forty  years  of  age.  At  ihis  time,  he  found  himself  in  the  pos- 
session  of  a  large  estate,  chiefly  from  the  iiberality  of  his  prince.  His  fame  was 
coextensive  with  the  empire,  and  the  lovers  of  the  muse  courted  his  societj* 
Among  the  particular  friends  of  Virgil,  may  be  reckoned  Horace,  a  distinguiahed 


^  THE  LIFE  OF  VIRGIL. 

poel  of  that  age,  and  a  fhend  equaUy  of  PoUio  and  Maecenafl 
two  &vonte8  of  the  Mus^s  thece  subsisted,  during  their  livea 
fiiendship.  How  sincerely  they  esteemed  each  other,  we  may 
which  Horace  afterwards  composed  upon  the  occasion  of  Vir| 
Greece,  on  account  of  his  health. 

Having  completed  the  Georgics,  our  poet  soon  conunenc 
epic  or  heroic  poem.  This  is  the  noblest  species  of  poetii 
quiring  a  correct  judgment,  a  lively  imagination,  and  an  uni 
Virgil  poasessed  them  all  in  a  high  degree.  It  is  supposed  th 
ject  in  contempkition  fcr  several  years  previous,  and  that  he  i 
aizth  Eclogue  in  these  words : 

Ciim  canerem  nffea  et  prelia,  Cynthiua  aurem 
Vellit  et  admonuit :  Pastorem,  Tityre,  pinguea 
Paacere  oportet  OYes,  deductum  dicere  carmen. 

He  probably  had  something  of  the  kind  in  view ;  but  wheth 
Hlneid  aflerwards  proved  to  be,  is  uncertain. 

The  subject  of  the  poem  is  the  removal  of  a  colony  of  1 
Minor,  under  the  conduct  of  iEneas,  and  their  settlement  in 
and  Odyssey  undoubtedly  suggested  to  Virgil  the  idea  of  the  . 
out  the  former  we  should  not  have  had  the  latter. 

It  has  been  supposed  by  some,  that  the  iEneid  was  desi{ 
encomium  upon  Augustus,  who  was  qow  raised  to  the  bighes 
But  if  this  had  been  his  only  object,  the  poet  might  have  sav 
Jabor,  by  composing  short  pieces,  or  bnef  panegyrics  up 
Horace  did  on  several  occasions.  It  is  true,  VirgU  was  vei 
menting  the  Ca?sars,  and  in  several  parts  of  his  works,  he  i 
most  extravagant  manner. 

The  iEneid  was  undoubtedly  designed  for  the  benefit  and 
Roman  people  generally,  who  were  now  happily  enjoying  the 
afler  having  su^ered,  for  a  series  of  years,  all  the  calamities  c 
poet  wished  these  biessings  to  be  perpetuated.  He,  therej 
dissuade  his  countrymen  fiom  further  attempts  to  restore  thc 
vises  them  to  submit  to  the  authority  of  a  man  who  derived  1 
£;ods,  and.  under  his  auspices,  to  cultivate  harmony,  and  the  ar 
This  is  the  moral  of  the  poem,  and  an  object  worthy  of  t 
benevolence  of  the  poet. 

Virgil  wrote  with  a  wonderful  degree  of  exactness.  Evoi 
mentions  is  founded  upon  historical  truth ;  and  the  voyage  am 
hero  are  given  with  geographical  precision.  He  haa  also  | 
perfect  account  of  the  religious  rites  and  ceremonies  of  the  a( 
artfully  blended  with  the  subject,  and  so  skilfully  interwoven 
come  an  essential  part  of  the  poem.  And  while  he  is  delighl 
the  harmony  of  his  numbers,  he  informs  the  understanding, 
bounds  of  our  knowledge. 

As  soon  as  it  was  known  that  Virgil  had  commenced  the 
expectation  was  raised  very  high ;  and  so  great  was  the  gen< 
the  occasion,  that  Sextius  Propertius  did  not  hesitate  to  say : 

Cedite,  Romani  Bcriptores,  cedite  Graii; 
Neacio  quid  majus  nascitur  Iliade. 

His  delicate  health  caused  considerable  inlerruption  in  h 
found  himself  under  the  necessity  of  travelling,  to  sustain  his  f 
He  visitea  Sicily,  and  several  parts  of  Italy ;  but  Napies  was 
of  residence. 


LUnS  OF  TIRGIL.  ^ 

ipent  Bmtk  yean  in  compotiiig  the  firat  nx  boolDi  of  the  Mnad.  Au- 
I  wiahed  to  hear  what  he  had  written,  and  desired  kim  to  lecite  them  to 
The  poet  complied  with  the  request  of  hia  prince;  and  for  this  purpose^ 
ed  the  aecond,  fourth,  and  aixth  books.  Into  thb  last,  he  had  incorpo* 
,  witb  an  ingenioua  hand,  the  funeral  ritea  of  Maroelhn,  who  died  a  thort 
Mlbre,  and  whom  Augustus  designed  for  his  succeaaor  in  the  empire.  He 
lerj  promifling  youth,  the  darling  of  his  mothet,  Octavia,  and  the  &vor. 
the  people.  Wben  the  poet  came  to  this  part,  Octavia,  who  was  preaent, 
10  much  affected,  that  ahe  fainted  away :  and  Augustua  was  eo  highly 
sd  with  the  compliment  paid  to  his  nephew,  that  he  ordered  ten  se*tertia 
given  for  CTery  line  of  the  eulogium.  This  amounted  to  a  very  Urge  sum. 
'erae  166,  had  been  lefl  in  an  unfinished  atate,  and  in  the  heat  of  fancy, 
ioned  by  the  recital,  it  is  said,  the  poet  added  the  words,  Matiemque  ii«- 
re  aaUu^  which  complete  the  measure. 

bur  yeara  afterwarda,  he  finished  the  remaining  six  books,  so  that  the  poet 
eleven  vears  in  writing  the  iEneid.  At  thw  time,  he  was  in  the  fifty- 
ear  of  Im  age,  and  his  health  considerably  impaired.  He  had  revised  the 
ues  and  the  Georgics,  and  continued  to  improve  them  tiU  the  year  before 
mtk|  as  appears  firom  some  passages,  particularly  the  closing  verses  of  the 
■eorgic.  Augustus  was  on  the  banks  of  the  Euphrates,  m  the  year  c( 
)  734.  At  tfais  time  Virgii  was  fifty  years  of  age,  aud  the  Creorgics  had 
publiahed  ten  years. 

ras  the  intention  of  Virgil  to  revise  the  iEneid  also,  befbre  it  was  publish- 
And  for  thb  end  he  visHed  the  classic  soil  of  Greece,  where  he  purposed 
rote  three  years  to  the  poem :  and,  this  being  done,  to  tum  his  attention 
losophy.  Tlus,  firom  his  earliest  years,  had  been  his  darling  study,  as  he 
is  os  in  the  latter  part  of  the  second  Georgic ;  and  he  wished  to  spend  the 
ning  years  of  his  life  in  contemplating  the  works  of  nature,  and  in  ele- 
;  his  mind  to  its  divine  Author. 

L  soon  afler  his  arrival,  his  health  became  so  delicate,  and  his  strength  so 
exhausted)  that  he  was  obliged  to  relinquish  it ;  and  Augustus  being  on 
tom  fit>m  Asia,  Virgil  thought  proper  to  accompany  him.  At  Megara, 
n  not  fiir  fit>m  Athens,  he  became  seriously  indisposed,  and  apprehensiona 
entertained  of  his  recovery.  He  hastened  his  retum  to  Italy,  but  coti- 
1  to  dechne,  and  a  few  days  afler  his  arrival  at  Brundusium,  a  town  in  the 
n  part  of  Italy,  he  expired,  on  the  22d  day  of  September,  being  nearly 
lars  of  age.  He  died  with  that  composure  and  resignation,  which  be- 
80  good  and  virtuous  a  man.  He  wished  to  be  interred  at  Naples,  the 
te  place  of  his  residence ;  and  Augustus  ordered  his  body  to  be  rerooved 
r,  according  to  his  desire ;  where  it  was  buried  with  eVery  testimony  of 
ct  and  esteem.  Just  before  iiis  death,  he  wrote  the  foUowing  Unes,  as  his 
ih: 


Mantiia  me  genuit:  Calabri  npuere :  tenet  nane 
Perthenope :  Cecini  pucna,  nura,  duoes. 


inscribed  upon  his  tomb  ;  and  it  is  characteristic  of  the  modesty  ot 
Teat  poet  and  distinguished  philosopher.  It  is  said  his  tomb  is  to  be  seoa 
i  present  day  on  the  road  firom  Naples  to  Puteoli,  about  two  miles  firom 
rmer  place. 

gil  lefl  a  will.  By  it,  he  directed  the  iEneid  to  be  buraed,  as  being  im- 
;t  and  unfinished.  But  this  was  countcrmanded  by  Augustus,  at  whose 
,  it  is  said,  it  was  undertaken  ;  and  we  are  indebted  to  liun  for  the  preser- 
1  of  ooe  of  the  greatest  efibrts  of  human  genius.  The  manuscript  was  put 
le  hands  of  Varus,  Tucca,  and  Plotius,  all  friends  of  Virgil,  and  poets  of 
dislinetion,  with  direction  to  expunge  whatever  they  deemed  Vm\kTO^T  \ 


xvi  UFE  OF  VIR61L. 

but  to  make  no  ad^tions  themselves.    To  this  circumstaiioi 
iog  that  we  find  so  many  imperfect  lines  in  the  iEneid. 

Virgil  died  in  the  possession  of  a  large  estate,  the  half  of  w 
to  Valerius  Proculus,  his  half-brother,  on  his  mother'8  sid< 
gave  half  to  Augustus,  and  the  remainder  to  Mcecenas, 
Plotius. 

Virgil  was  tall  and  of  a  brown  complexion,  extremely  ten 
in  his  habits.  His  constitution  was  feeble,  and  his  health  < 
was  much  afHicted  with  a  pain  in  his  head  and  stomach ; 
spitting  of  blood.  He  was  extremely  modest,  and  even  ba 
tended  with  a  hesitation  in  his  speech.  Like  other  great  in 
mies  and  detractors :  but  their  aspersions  only  served  to  inc 
add  new  lustre  to  it. 

Virgil  has  been  emphatically  styled  the  prince  of  Latin  pc 
been  decided  whether  the  palm  should  be  awarded  to  the  i 
poet.  It  is  true,  Virgil  was  much  indebted  to  Homer,  who 
the  master ;  but  the  pupil  had  the  happy  talent  of  makin 
passed  through  his  hands,  his  oum. 

The  condition  of  these  two  great  favorites  of  the  Muses  n 
their  lives.  Homer,  as  his  name  implies,  was  blind ;  and 
birth  and  parentage,  that  the  place  of  his  nativity  has  nol 
He  wrote  the  Iliad  and  Odyssey  in  detached  pieces,  and  reci 
rious  cities  of  Greece,  to  obtain  a  subsistence.  Virgil  wrota 
of  one  of  the  greatest  of  princes,  and  nothing  was  wanting  tl 
to  hb  ease  and  comfort.  His  friends  were  the  best  and  the  ; 
age.  He  was  honored  in  his  life,  and  lamented  in  his  deat 
(riend  to  point  the  traveller  to  his  monument ;  and  nearly  fi 
away,  before  his  countrymen  sufficiently  appreciated  his  n 
scattered  productions,  and  rescue  them  from  oblivion.  Th 
to  Pisistratus,  an  Athenian,  for  the  preservation  of  these 
which  are,  and  will  ever  be,  the  delight,  and,  at  the  same  tii 
admiration  of  civihzed  roan. 


INTROIIUCTION  TO  THE  BUCOIilCS. 


Qp  the  seToral  kinds  of  poetry,  none  is  more  generally  /idmired  than  the 
paitoraL  Its  subjects,  the  variegated  scenes  of  the  country,  the  innoeent 
enployment  of  shepherds  and  shepherdesses,  possess  charnis  which  nefer 
frfl  to  please  and  interest  our  minds.  But  this  species  of  poetry  is  difficult  in 
aecutioo  ;  which  may  be  tbe  reason  that  there  have  been  so  few,  who  excelled 

MlL 

If  tbe  poet  were  to  make  bis  shepherd  talk  Uke  a  courtier,  a  philosopher,  oi 
t  itatennan,  we  should  immediately  perceive  the  impropriety  ;  or  were  he  to 
■iln  him  utter  low  and  vulgar  sentiments,  we  sbould  tum  firom  him  with  dis- 
fusi.  The  medium  is  the  true  course.  To  maintain  tbis,  bowever,  at  all 
tiaie&,  18  oo  easy  matter. 

Tbeocritus  was  the  only  pastoral  writer  of  enknence  among  the  Greeks, 
and  Virgii  among  the  Romans.  The  former  denominated  his  pastqrals  IdyUia^ 
the  ktter  Edoga,  Virgil,  bowever,  cannot  so  properly  be  called  an  original 
putoral  writer,  aa  an  imitator  of  Tbeocritus.  Many  of  bis  finest  touches  are 
liken  from  tbe  Grecian.  He  imitated  bim,  bowever,  witb  judgment,  and  in 
aoflie  respects  improved  upon  bim,  particularly  in  preserving  the  true  charac- 
tar  of  pastoral  simpUcity  ;  in  which  tbe  other  on  many  occasions  failed. 

The  word  BucoUca  b  of  Greek  derivation,  and  signifies  pastoral  songs,  or 
ihe  songs  of  sbepberds.  Virgil  denominated  his  Bucolica,  Ecloga ;  which  is 
abo  from  a  Greek  word  signifying  to  choose  or  select  out  qf.  The  Ecloguea 
ire,  tben,  a  selection  of  cboice  pieces,  such  as  he  thought  wortby  of  pub- 
fiemtioB. 

He  began  this  part  of  bis  works  in  the  twenty-nintb  year  of  bis  age,  and  m 
the  year  of  Rome  713;  and  finished  it  in  tJie  space  of  three  years.  Tbe 
Eclogues  were  so  weU  received  by  his  countrymen,  that  tbey  were  pronounced 
pablicly  on  tbe  stage.  Afler  hearing  one  of  tbem,  Cicero,  it  is  said,  did  not 
bestate  to  say  of  bim  :  Magnm  spes  altera  Roma, 

1t  appears  to  bave  been  the  design  of  Virgil  in  writing  his  pastorals,  to  cele- 
brmte  tbe  praises  of  Augiistus,  and  of  some  other  of  his  fiiends  at  Romo«  par« 
dcularly  Ma^nas  and  Pollio. 

QUESTIONS. 

What  an  the  ■abiects  of  pastoral  poetry  ?        At  what  age  did  he  begin  this  part  of  his 
Does  this  kind  of  poetrj  poneae  any  pe-    works  f 

csliar  cbam»  ?  In  ^hat  year  of  Rome  ? 

li.it  «hfficult  in  ezeeation  ?  ^                          ^^  ^^  ^^  .    ^^ 

\¥ho  among  the  Greeka  waa  the  firat  pas-  theEcloKuei? 

teral  poet  of  eounencer  * 

What  did  he  caU  hia  pastorala  ?  Were  they  well  received  by  his  coimtiy 

What  did  Virgil  denominate  hia?  ™«»  ^ 

la  what  light  are  we  to  eondder  Virgil,  «s  What  waa  probably  the  roaaon  of  his 
a  pMoraJ  poet?  writing  the  Ecloguef  f 

2 


P»  VIRGIIill  MARONIS 

BUCOLICA. 


£CIi06A  PRI1IIA# 

MELIBCEUS,  TITYRUS. 

4  P  tlM  teimiiiatioii  of  the  ciYil  war,  which  placed  Aogiuitiu  ■ecurely  on  the  ImpehaJ 

tkrooe,  to  reward  hie  eoldien  for  their  senricet,  he  gM.ye  them  the  lande  iyincr  abont 

Mtntaa  and  Cremona,  diaposeeasing  the  former  owners.    Among  the  unfortunate  suf- 

6reri  wat  Virgil  himaelf;  who,  however,  by  the  interest  of  Mecenaa  with  the  Emperor, 

fBoeiTed  hia  lands  again. 

Iitbe  character  of  Tityrua,  the  poet  seta  forth  his  own  eood  fortune ;  and  in  that  of  Meli- 

keui,  the  calamity  of  hia  Mantuan  neighbors.    Tnis  is  the  subject  of  tlie  pastoral. 

The  acene  b  laid  in  a  beautiful  landscape.     A  ahepherd,  with  his  AocJl  fecding  around 

kiin,  is  lying  at  ease  onder  a  wide-spreading  beech-tree :  the  sun  is  appruachingf  the 

WixoQ :  shadows  are  falling  from  the  mountains :  the  air  is  tranquii  and  serene  :  the 

«Doke  ii  aaoending  from  the  neighboiing  yillages.    Tiiis  scenery  a  painter  coold  copy. 

Mbl.  TITYRE,  tu  patuiae  recubans  sub  tegmine  fagi, 
Sjlfeslrem  tenui  Musam  mediiaris  avenll : 
Ko8  patriae  fines,  et  dulcia  linquimus  arva ; 
No8  patriam  fugimus :  tu,  Tityre,  lentus  in  umbri 
Formosam  resonare  doces  Amaryllida  sylvas.  5 

TiT.  O  Melibcee,  Deus  nobis  haec  otia  fecit.  ^*  ®*P«  ^**®""  agnu» 

Ntmque  erit  ille  mihi  semper  Deus  :  illius  aram  «"^fiY" 

a \  _^  •      i_       •VL       •    1      ^  9.  IUe  permisit  meas 

BKpe  tcner  noatns  ab  oviUbus  imbuet  agnus.  boves  errare,  et  me  ip- 

fHe  meas  errare  boves,  ut  cemis,  et  ipsum  sum    ludere    etvnUna, 

Lodere,  que  vellem,  calamo  permisit  agi-esti.  10  que 

Mbl.  Non  equidem  invideo:  miror  magis:    undique     ^^*    Namque    modd 
Uiquc  aded  turbatur  agris.     En  ipse  capelias  [totis  ^^^ah^^^relruiTtS 

Protenus  «ger  ago :  hanc  etiam  vix,  Tityre,  duco :  fcc  mter  den^'colyC 

Uic  inter  densas  coryloe  modd  namque  gemellos,  in  nada  silice. 

NOTES. 

1.  Fkgi:  gen.  of  #>gMt,  the  beeeh-tree.  9.  Emre.    To  feed  at  large. 

it  is  glandifctoMu  «^    ^^ 

%  Sphetinm  wmmm.     A  paetoral  song.  j^}^:  ^«^  ^"'''•'   "P«°  l  niral  «ed 

-Itnwf^^yoaU.    By  Mdt!  the  straw ;  Musical  .nstruments  were  at  firjt  made  of 

ajid  benoe  an  oaietu  or  oat-ttraw  otne.    Me  ^^  °'  wheat  straw ;  then  of  reeds  and  boi- 

itlart»  :  yon  pntctice  or  exerci«i.                 "  ^^^^  •  "^^rt"**"  "^^  r^®  ^%  ^^"^  «   ^^ 

XAr^  neu.   plu.   pfoperly   cultivated  crane ;  of  the  horns  of  animals  &c.   Hence 

fieldi :  ftom  the  verb  aro.  they    are  called    avena,  tttpula;   eahmui. 

4.  Tu  Uniui :  thou  at  ease  in  the  shade,  J^*^'  cteuia,JUtula ;  buxu»,  tibta,  eamua. 

4ost  teach  the  woods,  kc    Amarylliday  a  ^' 

GneiL  acc  of  Amaryllis.    See  31.  infra.  12.  Turbatur  usque  ade6  totis^  kc,    Lit. 

6.  Deus.    A  ^d,  namely  Augustus,  who  //  u  disturbed  so  mueh  in  Vie  whole  coun' 

lad  reianated  him  in  his  possessions ;  and  try  all  around,     TheVe  is  so  n.uch  commo- 

rhoBi  the  Rornans  had  deified.     Htu  otia :  tion  in  tho  whoie  country,  I  woudcr  xViiX 

ihis  rert  or  eaee.     Otium  is  opposed  to  labor  you  shotild  enjoy  such  peace  aikd  qxucX. 

■  flignifie»  Mo.  14.  Corylos  :    hazlee— GcmeUus  :  lv:*\ii». 


4  P.  VIRGILJI  MARONIS 

Spein  gregis,  ah !  silice  in  nudl  connb 
Saepe  malum  hoc  nobis,  si  mens  non  h 

17.  Memini  querciu  Pe  coelo  tactas  memini  praedicere  quej 
Uctas  de  cGBlo  ■«pepm-  g  gj^jg^^  ^^^  priedixit  ab  ilice  co 
micere  •    • 

Sed  tamen,  ille  Deus  q*u  sit,  da,  Tityn 

20.  Ego  BtultuB  puta^  TiT.  Urbem,  quam  dicunt  Romam, 
Ti  urbera,  quam  dicunt  stultus  ego  huic  nostrsB  similem,  qud  i 

RomameMesimilemhuic  n     ^  *         a  ^nr^. 

noBtre  Maniua  Pastores  ovium  teneros  depellere  fcetu 

.     Sic  canibus  catulus  similes,  sic  matribi 

Noram  :  sic  parvis  componere  magna 

t&.H«ei2amaextulit.  Verum  hsBC  tantum  alias  inter  caput  e: 

Quantum  lenta  solent  inter  vibuma  cu 
Mel.  Et  quae  tanta  fuit  Romam  tibi 
TiT.  Libertas :  quae  sera,  tamen  rei 
Candidior  postquam  tondenti  barba  cii 
Respexit  tamen,  et  longo  pdst  tempor 
Postquam  nos  Amaryllis  habet,  Galatc 
Namque  (fatebor  enim)  dum  me  Gala 

NOTES. 

16.  Hoe  malum  nobis,    There  eeem  to  be  inanimate.   We  have 

required  here,  to  make  the  senee  complete,  language  without  an; 

thh  words :  and  I  might  have  underttood  it ;  foUu»  ovtum,  simply,  o 

nm«7U,&c.   Ifmymindhadnotbeenfooluh,  S3,  Sie  canibus^  &c 

18.  Sinistra  eomix :  the  ill-boding  erow.  vius  thus  explains:  ] 
The  Romans  were  very  superstitious.  They  Rome  rese^iblcd  Mai 
considered  every  thing  as  ominous.  The  as  I  knew  whelps  an 
flight  of  some  kinds  of  birds,  the  croakin^  dams  or  mothcrs,  diffi 
of  others,  the  darting  of  a  meteor,  a  pefu  this  I  was  mistaken : 
of  thunder,  were  signs  of  good  or  bad  luck.  different  specics  fron: 
Those  that  appcared  on  thcir  lefl  hand,  for  cypress  difiers  from  tl 
the  ^ost  part,  thcy  considcred  uniucky.  24.  Componere :  in  t 
Hence  nnister  tJid  lavus  came  to  signify  25.  Extidit  caput :  t 
unlucky^  ill-boding^  &c.  And  those  that  ap-  figurative  expression,t 
peared  on  their  right  hand,  they  considercd  26  yibuma^  plu.  o 
to  be  lucky.  Hence,  dexter  came  to  signify  of  shrub.  Some  takf 
fortunate^  lueky^  &c.  The  best  reason  that  for  the  wild-vine, 
can  be  given,  why  they  used  sinisier  and  28.  Libertas,  Virg 
Ittvus^  sometimes  in  a  good,  at  other  timcs  self  as  bcing  an  old 
m  a  bad  sense,  is,  that  they  occasionally  beard,  and  as  havinj 
interoreted  the  omens  afler  the  manner  of  ther  of  which  was  thc 
the  Greeks,  who  considered  those  that  ap-  necessary  for  him  to  c 
peared  in  the  eastem  part  of  the  heavens  to  his  circumstances.  ' 
be  lucky ;  and  tuming  their  faces  to  the  too  plain,  and  would 
north,  as  their  custom  was,  they  would  be  beauty  of  the  pastoral 
■een  on  the  right  hand.  The  Romans,  on  inactive.  Sera :  late 
the  contrary,  tumed  their  faces  to  the  south  29.  Candidior  harb 
in  observing  the  omens ;  and  consequently,  beard.  The  comp.  : 
their  lefl  hand  would  be  toward  the  eaet,  taken  in  the  aense  of  tl 
corresponding  to  the  right  hand  of  the  shaving  it. 
Greeks.     //icf  :  the  holm-oak.  ^X,  Jimaryllis — Oal 

19.  Qtit  sit  Deus :  who  may  be  that  Ood  of  are  to  be  taken  allegc 
yours-of  whom  you  speak  ?  Da  nobis :  tell  Rome,  the  latter  for  K 
me.    J^obis :  in  the  sense  of  mihi.  nocessary ;  nor  will  it 

20.  Romam.  Rome,  a  city  of  Italy,  situ-  allegory  throughout. 
ated  on  the  river  Tiber,  founded  by  Romu-  them  literally,  for  th 
lofl  753  vears  before  Christ.  Mantua  war  mistresses.  Servius 
a  city  of  the  Cis-AIpine  (raul,  now  Lom-  Bucolics  is  to  be  tak 
bardy,  situated  on  the  eastem  bank  of  the  Trapp  thinks  Virgil  i 
river  Mincius,  which  falls  into  the  Po.  mistress  Galatea  wa 

fS.  Fatus,  This  word  sigrnifies  the  young  and  his  new  one  Ama 
of  anj  thing  or  kind«  wbether  animate  or    gustus ;  and  by  chan| 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  L  ^ 

Nec  spes  iibertatis  erat,  nec  cura  peculi : 

Quimvb  multa  mels  exiret  victima  septis, 

Pioguis  et  ingrataB  premeretur  caseus  urbi,  35 

Noo  onquam  graTb  »re  domum  mihi  dextra  redibat. 
MsL.  MiFabar,  quid  mcesta  Deos,  Amarylli,  vocares,       37.  Mirabar,  quid  fii 

Cui  pendere  svA  patereris  in  arbore  poma.  moMta,  Amaryili,  voca- 

Trtyros  hinc  aberat.     Ipss  te,  Tityre,  pinus,  "■  ^"^ « «^«^  patereri. 

Ipa  te  fontes,  ipsa  hacc  arbusta  vocabant.  40 

Trr.  Quid  &cerem  ?  neque  servitio  me  exire  licebat, 
Nec  tam  pmsentes  alibi  cognoscere  divos. 
Hic  illum  vidi  juvenem,  Meiibose,  quotannis 
Bis  senos  cui  nostra  dies  altaria  fumant. 
Hic  miiit  responsum  prinuis  dedit  ille  petenti :  46 

Pascite,  ut  ante,  boves,  pueH  :  submittite  tauros. 

MfiL.  Fortunate  senex  !  ergo  tua  riira  manebunt : 
Et  tibi  magna  satis  :  quamvis  lapia  omnia  nudus, 

Limosoque  palus  obducat  pascua  junco  54,  Hino  sepoa,  qua 

Non  insueta  graves  tentabunt  pabula  fcetas,  60  dundii  hnm  agrum  ab 

Nec  mala  vicini  pecoris  contagia  laedent.  vicino    limite,    scmper 

Fortunate  senex  !  hic  inter  flumina  nota,  '^^^■f?*^  V^^    ^?!'®"' 

Et  font«  «cros,  frigu»  c.ptabU  opacum.  '^^\^J^rti& 

Hmc  tibi,  qu»  semper  vicmo  ab  hmite  sepes  •omiium    levi    eusurro 

Hyblsis  apibus  florem  depasta  sahcti,  66  apum. 

NOTES. 

ieatelj  hinta  at  his  changing  political  rides,  nominatiTes  preceding,  and  to  govem  the 

tnd  in  eoneequenoe  thereofleaTing  Mantua,  pronoun  ie, 

and  going  to  Roroe.  42.  Proueniet :  propitious  or  favorable. — 

From  the  circumstance  of  Augustus  de-  Alibi :  in  any  othcr  place— an^  vhere  else 

priTing  the  Mantuans  of  their  Tands,   we  — Cognoteere :  to  experience,  or  find. 

aay  infer  that  they  were  generally  in  favor  43.  Hic,  Here^  at  Roine.^-Juvinem :  Oc- 

ef  the  Republic,  and  Virgil  mifirhthaYebeen  tarius,  who   waa   then  about  twenty-two 

ef  that  party,  tiU  all  hope  of  liberty  was  years  of  age ;  afler^'ard  by  a  decree  of  the 

lost,  and   prudence   dictated   a  change  of  senate   caUed  ^uguttut, — Cui  nottra:  for 

politica.    Oalaiea  reliquU^  is  for  reliaui  Ga-     whom  our  altars  snioke, in  honor  of,  &o. 

lafMni,  by  Euphemismus.     Ailer  he  had  46.  Puert,   Swains.   The  word  puer  pro- 

kti  Galatea,  and  transferred  his  affections  perly  signifies  a  boy,  in  opposition  to  a  girl^ 

lo  AnarjlUa,  ho  obtained  Uberty  and  pro-  also  a  male  slave  or  waitor. 

perty :  that  ia,  afler  he  had  changed  poUti-  49.  Obdueai  omnia  patcua^  &c     Ruasua 

ea!  sidet.  understands  this  not  of  Virgirs  own  lands, 

33L  PeeulL  By  apocope  for  Peeulii,  This  but  of   the  lands  of   his  neighbors.     Dr. 

aord  properly  denotee  the  property  of  a  Trapp  very  justly  reiects  this  interpretation. 

dtre---that  which  his  master  sufiTerB  him  to  The  poet  is  feUcitating  himsclf  on  his  (^ood 

posMB,  and  caU  his  own.    In  this  sense,  it  fortuno  under  tlie  character  of  an  old  mau. 

b  pccoliarly  proper,  as  Virgil  here  speaks  of  And,  though   his  farm   was  covered  over 

himself  as  having  been  in  that  humiliating  partly  witli  rocks  and  stones,  and  fxirtly 

eondition.  with  a  marsh;  yet  no  unusual  or  impn>per 

35.  Urhi.     The  city  Mantna.  pasture  ehould  injure  his  {gravesfata»)  pn:^- 

36.  JVen  Mii^iiam,  &c.  Never  did  my  nant  ewes ;  nor  any  noxious  coutagion  oi  n 
riffat  hand  retum  home  hoavy  with  money.  neighboring  flock  should  infect  or  hurt  theiiu 
— vViib .'  ia  the  sense  of  mea,  — Fata :  the  female  of  any  kind  big  wilh 

40  Arfnuta :  the  grovcs  themselves,  &c.  young — a  breeder. 

Tliere  is  a  grcat  beanty  m  Iho  personiiication  52.  Inier  Jlumina  nota,  The  Mincius  and 

•f  iatiiimate  things ;  or  attributing  to  thcm  Po. 

tke  aetions  of  real  life.    The  Arbutta  wero  55.  Sapet  depattajlorem^  &c    This  con- 


krge  piecei  of  gronnd  tet  with  elms  or  other  struction  frequently  occurs  among  Uie  poetsb 

Ireea,  oominonly  at  the  distance  of  about  40  and    is   in  iniitation  of  the  Greeks ;    whe 

feet,  to  leave  room  ibr  com  to  grow  betwecn  sometimes  placed  the  noun  or  pronoun  in 

them.    They  were  sometimes  pruned,  and  the  acc.  case,  omitting  the  goveming  prep. 

Mrved  fbr  etagee  to  the  vi  le.     The  verb  ro-  Fed  upon  at  /o,  or  uith  rupui  to,  tts  ^owei 

^ — '  k  to  be  rcp^ated  with  eacb  of  tbe  qf  wilUnD^  Sic, — Hjfblmit:  an  ad^.  Ciom  V\h. 


6  P.  VIRGILIl  MARONIS 

Saepe  levi  somnum  suadebit  inire  susum 

Ilinc  alti  sub  rupe  canet  frondator  ad  ai 

Nec  tamen  interea  raucae,  tua  cura,  pah 

Nec  gomere  aerii  cessabit  turtur  ab  uhn 

TiT.  Ante  leves  ergo  pascentur  in  8Btl 

Et  freta  destituent  nudos  in  litore  pisces 

Ante,  perenratis  amborum  finibus,  exul 

as.    At   noi    exptUn  Aut    Ararim  Parthus  bibet,  aut  German 

hinc,  alii  mttrum  ibi-  Quam  nostro  illius  labatur  pectore  vultu 

mus  ad  sitiente.  Afrom,     Mel.  At  nos  hinc  aUi  sitientes  ibunus 

S^c^i^^  veniemu.  p^^  Scythiam,  et  rapidum  Cretae  veniei 

68.  En  unquam  rai-  Et  penitus  toto  divisos  orbe  Britannos. 
rabor     videns     patrios  En  unquam  patrios  iongo  pdst  tempore  : 

NOTES, 

bfa,  a  town  and  mountain  in  Sicilj,  famous  divided  the  opinions  of 

for  honoj. — Vicino  iimUe :  from  the  neigh-  pcars  to  be  this :   that 

boring  field.     Hine :  on  ihe  one  hand,     It  the  Germans  and  the  I 

18  opposed  t9  the  Hine  in  line   57.  infra;  change  countries  with  € 

which  is  to  be  rendered  :  on  Ihe  other  hand.  amborum  pererratis)  soon 

57.  M  aurat :  to  the  air — aloud,  so  as  to  the  image  of  that  youtt 

pierco  the  air.  from  his  breast.   But  the 

60.  ^nti,  Tho  ante  in  this  line  is  mere-  be ;  therefore,  the  latter  v 
ly  explotive;  the  sense  is  compiete  without  erraiis^  in  the  sense  of  p 
it.  65.  Sitientet:  thirstin( 

61.  Destitueni :  in  the  sense  of  relinquent.  epithet  is  pecuharly  prop 

62.  ./^n/^,  pererraiis^  &c.      Parthus,    by  tants  of  Africa,  the  greatc 
8ynec.  for  the  Parthians  coUectively.    They  between  the  tropics. 
wereapeopledescendedfVom  the  Scythians,        66.   Seythiam.     The  I 
and  possessed  that  part  of  Asia,  which  is  brave  and  warlike  peop 
bounded  on  the  west  by  Media,  on  tlie  north  dering  life.     They  extenc 
by  the  Caspian  sea,  on  the  eost  by  Bactri-  over  a  very  considerable 
ana,  aiid  ou  the  south  by  the  dcserts  of  Car-  Asia.     Hence  the  term 
mania.     In  process  of  time,  they  bocame  be  used  indefinitely,  to  d 
very  powerful,  and  were  the  most  formida-  the  whole  of  the  northei 
ble  enemies  of  the  Persians :  and  from  their  and  Asia.    Oaxis :  a  rivc 
firequcnt  conquests   over  that  people,   are  island  in  the  Mediterranc 
«ometimes  confounded  with  them.     Germa-  ted  for  having  been  the  b 
nia.     An  extensive  country  in  Europe,  put,  ter,  and  for  its  having  oi 
by  meton.  for  the  inhabitants  of  that  coun-  cities.     Veniemvi^  in  the 
try.     Ararim,     A  river  of   F^rance  arising        68.  En  unqtuan,    Alas 
from  mount  Vogetus  (hodie  Vauge)  and  run-  der,  beholding,  iic,     Gen 
ning  in  a  southem  direction,  falls  into  the  Davidson  connect  aliqm 
RhodanuB  at  Lyon8,and  along  with  it,  into  regfia,     But  Dr.  Trapp 
the  Mediterranean.     It  is   famous  for  tlie  aristas  to  mean  qfter  «oifit 
bridge  built  over  it  by  Julius  Caesar.     Its  strues  mea  regna  with  cui 
present  name  is  the  Soane,  THgrim,   This  is  tnie,  arista  may  be  taka 
a  very  rapid  river  of  Asia,  rising  in  Arme-  aiiquoi  aristas  does  not  n 
nia,  and  taking  a  southerly  direction,  pass-  the    longo  tempore  phst^  n 
ing   by  Mesopotamia   and  Assyria,  unites  fore.     And  if  it  did,  it  wo 
witU  the  Euphrates,  and  with  it  falls  into  less  repetition.     But  coni 
the  Sinus  Persicus,    The  Araris  is  not  in  with  mea  regna^  as  in  tha 
Germany  properly  so  called.     But  it  is  weli  priety  of  this  kind  is  remo 
known  that  the    Germans  extended  their  a   beautiful   representatu 
conquests  beyond  that  river,  and  eflTected  possessions ;  which  consii 
«ettlements  among  the  Sequani,  and  other  of  land,  lyinsr  adjacent  t 
nations  of  Gaul.     Nor  is  the  Tigris  in  Par-  roof  of  which  just  rose  al 
thia  proper.     But  the  Parthians  extended  was  planted  around  it,  i; 
tneii  conquests  as  far  west  as  the  Euphra-  properly  be  said  to  b^  coi 
tes.    Not  far  from  this  river  they  vanquished  or  behind  it.     TStgurU  bj 
Crasavs,  the  Rouian  general.     The  mean-  gurii,  Congestum  eespiH ;  • 
ing  o*  thui  paasage,  which  hatk  ao  much  torf 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  IL 


Piapens  et  tugur)  congestum  cespite  culmen, 
Po0t  aliquot,  lueii  regna,  videns  mirabor  aristaB  ? 
Impj>i8  h&c  taro  culta  novalia  miles  habebit  ? 
Birbanis  has  segetes  ?  En  quo  discordia  cives 
Perduxit  miseros !  en  queis  consevimus  agros ! 
Imere  nunc,  MeliboBe,  pyros,  pone  ordine  vites : 
lie  mee,  felix  quondam  pecus,  ite  capellaB. 
Son  ego  Tos  posthac,  vindi  projectus  in  antro, 
DimKwi  pendere  procul  de  rupe  videbo. 
Cannina  nulla  canam :  non,  me  pascente,  capeQs 
Florentem  cytisum  et  salices  carpetis  amaras. 

TiT.  Hic  tamen  hanc  mecum  poteris  requiescere 
Fronde  super  viridi.     Sunt  nobis  mitia  poma, 
Ctstaneie  moUes,  et  pressi  copia  lactis. 
Et  jam  summa  procul  villarum  cuhnina  fumant, 
liajoreBqiie  cadunt  altis  de  montibus  umbr». 


fines  lon^  tempore  post, 
«^Qet  eulinen  pauperie  Xu* 
guri,  congeitum  ceop  itei 
statu  poflt  aliquot  arie» 
taj«  Ma  mea  regna. 


76 


79 
noc- 
[tem 


76.  Ego  poathac  pro- 
J^otoa  ia  Tiridi  antroi 
noo  Tidebo  voa  pffoeal 
pendero 


NOTES. 


71.  Jf90alia :  ikilow-groiind.  had  labored,  and  had  improved  hia  landa,lo 

7«.  Qni ..  whithaiwto  what  aUte  of  mi-  be  now  po«ies.ed  by  a  cniel  aoldier, 

Perduxii:  hath  rednced,  or  brougbt.  «2.  Copta prctn /ii^/« :  a  plenty  of  curda 

^  and  cheeae.    JnoUes^  may  here  mcan  rtp^  or 

74.  Intere  mmct  Iec.    MelibcBua  aaya  thia  aoft  and  smooth,  in  oppoaition  to  the  hirnh 

beoicaUT  to  himaelf;  being  vexed  that  he  /oe,  or  rough. 


QUESTIONS. 


Wbat  M  the  aobjoet  of  thia  paatoral? 

To  reward  hia  tioopa,  what  did  Auguatua 
do? 

Who  ia  repreeented  nnder  the  character 
afTHyma? 

Who  aader  that  of  Melibona? 


Where  ia  the  acene  of  the  paatoral  Uld? 
What  ia  the  time  of  the  day  ? 
What  ia  the  atate  of  the  atmoaphere  ? 
To  what  ia  oHum  oppoaed  ? 
Were  the  Romana  a  aaperatitioaa  poo- 
ple? 


ECIiOGA  SECUNDAo 

ALEXIS. 

Tn  auljeet  of  thia  channing  paatoral  b  the  paaaion  of  the  ahepherd  Corydoo  fbr  tho 
boantiiU  youth  Alezia.  iTie  ahepherd  complaina  of  the  craelty  of  the  boy  in  alighting 
hia  ovortnrta ;  and  withal  adviaea  him  not  to  trust  too  much  to  hia  complezion  and 
beaoty.  He  endeavora  to  preyail  on  him  to  yisit  the  country,  where  be  promisea  to 
aBtertain  him  with  muaic,  nuta,  applea,  and  fiowers.  But  when  he  finds  nothing  will 
avail,  he  reaolvea  to  aeek  another  lover.  By  Corydon  aome  underatand  Virgil  himaelii 
aad  by  Alexia  a  beaatifnl  alaye,  belonging  to  hia  friend  and  patron,  Mecenaa.  la 
aaTeral  parta  of  thia  paatoral,  the  poet  ia  indebted  to  Theocritaa^  The  aoeno  ia  laid  m 
«cUy. 


FoiMoeini  pastor  Corydon  ardebat  Alexim, 
DeBeiu  domiiii :  nee,  quid  speraret,  habebat. 


1. 


NOTEa 

ArJUkmi:  hegraatly  lored— he  bomed        t.  Deiieku:  tho  dtrlfaig^tlM  MgBX  ^ 
Tftoa  wofd  rery  foreibly  marka  tho    liia  maater.    It  hi  plaoed  m  appMWkm  lAlk 
ai  hia  paaeiao,  AUxtm^    It  la  oaod  oaly  in  tho  pluciL 


i  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

S.  Intar  deiiflai  fkgoe  Tantum  inter  densas,  umbrosa  cacmnina 
kabauet  omhrota  cacu-  Assidue  veniebat :  ibi  h«c  incondita  90I1 
'^^^^  Montibus  et  sylvis  studio  jactabat  inani. 

O  crudelis  Alexi,  nihil  mea  carmina  cun 

Nil  nostri  miserere  :  mon  me  denique  e 

Nunc  etiam  pecudes  umbms  et  fiigora  c 

Nunc  virides  otiam  occultant  spineta  lac 

10.  Thectylia  ooDtnn-  Thestylis  et  rapido  fessis  messoribus  asst 

dit  aUia  lerpyUumque^  ^nia  sei*pyllumque  herbas  contundit  olei 

oleaU»  herbaa,  meMon.  ^j  j„^„^  ^^^   ^^^  ^j^^  vestigia  lustf 

bus  feMiB   rapido  sstu,  a  i        lj^  ^i^-j- 

At,  dum  luatro  tua  vca-  ^®*®  ^""  ardenti  resonant  arbusta  cicadi 

tif^a,  arbuata  Nonne  fuit  satius  tristes  Amaryllidis  ii 

Atque  superba  patt  fhsddia  ?  nonne  Mei 
Quamvis  ille  niger,  quamvis  tu  candidus 
O  formose  puer,  nimium  ne  crede  colori 
Alba  ligustra  cadunt,  vaccinia  mgra  legi 
Despectus  tibi  sum,  nec  qui  sim  qusris, 
Quam  dives  pecoris  nivei,  quam  lactis  a1 

«3.  Canto  earmtno,  ^^*'^®  ""®®  ^^^"^^  ®^™"^  ^" '"^"^^"^  ^ 
quie  DircsuB  Amphion  ^ac  mihi  non  aestate  novum,  non  fngorc 

lolituB  cMi  eaniare^  Canto,  qus  solitus^  si  quando  armenta  1 

NOTE8 

4.  Ibi  tolut  jaetabai^  &c.     There  alone  he  flowers  themselvea,  by 
pouredforth  these  indigested  complaints.  Jac-  the  blaekberries  or  bi^ei 
iabat :  he  threw  them  away — they  were  of  them  for  the  Hyaeinih  o\ 
no  avail  to  him,  because  they  wero  unhecd-  Virgil  here  imitates.     T 
ed  by  Alexia.  poet  is  this :  ae  the  privet 

5.  Inani  studio :  with  unavailing  pieasure,  fair,  (cadunt^)  lie  neglect 
or  fondness.  He  speaks  the  language  of  a  useless ;  and  the  blackbc 
lovor.  The  beauty  and  accomplishmenta  of  saved  for  its  usef\ilnesa 
the  boy  had  taken  poasession  of  his  affec-  you,  though  fair  and  bei 
lions.  He  dwells  upon  them  with  rapture  be  neglected  for  your  pric 
and  dclight.  But  all  this  is  vain  and  una-  though  black  and  swar 
vailing.  The  boy  rogards  him  not.  He  for  his  good  disposition,  i 
then  breaks  forth :   O  erudelis  Alexi^  nihil  temper. 

mea  earmina  euras^  &c.  21.  Siculis,    The  mou 

7.  At/.     This  word  is  oflen  used  in  the  mcationed,  eithcr  becai' 

■ense  ofnonj  as  a  simple  negative.    So  also  for  excellent  pastures,  o 

ifl  nihil,  of  the  pastoral  is  laid  in 

9.  Laeertos :  lizards.  Sninetum :  a  phice  22.  ^state  :  in  sumi 
where  thoms  and  prickly  snrubs  grow :  here  winter. 

put  f<.>  the  thoms  themselves,  by  meton.  23.  Siquando :  the  san 

10.  Thestylis,  The  name  of  a  servant ;  he  called  his  herds.  It  ik 
taken  ftom  Theocritus.  herds  to  walk  before  tl 

11.  AUia:  plu.  of  aUium^  an  herb  called  them. 

farlic.   SerpyUum:  wild-thyme,  or  running-  24.   Amphion,     A  cc 

betony ;  an  odoriferous  herb.  said  to  have  been  the  sob 

13.  Cicmdis.    "'he  cicada  is  an  insect  of  tiope,  and  bom  on  moun 

tlie  species  of    be  grasshopper,  making  a  king  of  Thebes,  and  is  si 

very  hoarse  and  disagreeable  noise,  particu-  walls  of  that  city  by  thc 

larly  in  the  heatof  the  day.    Saiius:  in  the  We  are  to  understand  l 

senso  of  me/fttf.  persuading,  by  his  eloq 

15.  Menalcan,     A  Greek  acc.  of  Menal-  people  to  unite,  and  bt 

eas.  SecEcl.  3.  Fastidia:  j^lu,  of fastidium :  common  safety.     His  n 

disdain — haughtiness.     Pati :  to  bear-— en-  Lycus,  king  of  Thebes, 

dure.  him  for  the  sake  of  Diret 

18.  Ligustra  :  plu.  ofLieustrum :  a  priret  Dirranu :  an  adj.  either  1 

Hf  wiih'bind^  a  sp<H:iea  of  shrub  or  plant  mother,  or  from  a  founti 

bearing  very  white  flowers ;  taken  for  th«  Beotia.    Aracmtho  *  a  t 


BUCOUCA.    EOL.  U, 


AiDphion  Dircciis  in  Aoteo  Aracyntho. 

Nae  sum  aded  infbnni» :  nnper  me  in  htore  yidi, 

Cum  phcidum  Tentis  staret  mare  :  non  ego  Daphnijii, 

/odice  te,  metuam,  si  nunquam  fallat  imago. 

0  tutum  libeat  mecum  tibi  sordida  rura, 

Atque  humiles  habitare  casas,  et  figere  cerros, 

Hcniorumque  gregem  viridi  compellere  hibisco ! 

Mecum  una  in  sylvis  imitabere  Pana  canendo. 

Ptn  primus  calamos  oerft  conjungere  plures 

(aitituit :  Pan  curat  oves,  oviumque  magistnM» 

Nec  te  pcsniteat  calamo  triviase  labellum. 

llmc  eadem  ut  sciret,  quid  non  faciebat  Amyntas  ! 

Kst  mihi  disparibus  septem  compacta  cicutis 

Fistula,  Damoetas  dono  mihi  quam  dedit  otim : 

Gt  dixit  moriens :  Te  nunc  habet  ista  secundum. 

Dixit  Damoetas ;  invidit  stultus  Amyntas. 

PrKterea  duoi  nec  tuti  mihi  valle  reperti, 

Capreoll,  sparsis  etiam  nunc  peUibus  albo, 

Bina  die  siccant  ovis  ubera  :  quos  tibi  servo. 

Junpridem  a  me  illos  abducere  Thestylis  orat : 

Et  fiiciet :  quoniam  sordent  tibi  munera  nostra. 

Huc  ades,  6  formose  puer.     Tibi  lilia  plenis 


ae 


36 


98.  Nime  ista  Jkhna 
habet  te  secanium  ^ 


40  40.  Duo  capreoli  n^ 
porti  mihi,  nec  tut4  v  alie, 
liccant  bina  ubeni  ovi« 
m  die,  pellibua  etiam 
nunc  ipanie  albo. 

45 


NOTE& 


ia  Beotia.  But  why  it  ihould  be  called  Ae^ 
iam^  ihen  is  a  difference  of  opinion.  Ser- 
\m9  thinks  it  is  so  ealled  from  a  Greek  word 
viueb  ■ignifies  the  share.  Probus  derives  it 
frem  Acimon^  who,  hunting  near  thia  moun- 
taia,  WM  tom  in  piecefl  by  his  doge,  for  hav- 
inf  dieooTered  Diana  bathing  herself.  Mr. 
DaTidsoa  placee  the  mountain  in  the  con- 
fiaas  of  Atiica  and  Beotia ;  and  thinks  it  is 
Bo  cailed  from  Aeta  or  Aeit^  the  countiy 
•bont  Attica.  Ruceus  interprets  Aetao  by 
sisrt/tsio. 

tS.  Dtqthnim.  A  beautiful  shepherd. 
8ee  in  £cL  5.  Plaeidum :  in  the  sense  of 
tmnqmiihtm. 

f7.  /sutfe.  His  image  reflected  from  the 
waier.    Jfun^uam :  in  the  sense  of  non. 

28.  O  tantum  libeat  tilri :  O  that  it  would 
plMse  you  to  inhabit  with  me,  fcc.  These 
ars  sweet  Itnes.  Sordida  rura,  Most  com- 
meatatori  join  /t6t  to  tordida^  disdained  or 
despised  by  thee.  But  there  is  no  need  of 
this  refinement.  Sordida  is  a  very  proper 
spitbet  for  cottagos  and  country  villages, 
vkich  in  general  are  indiflferent  in  tliem- 
ssItss,  and  poorly  fumished,  when  compar- 
sd  witk  the  splendor  and  luxury  of  cities. 
Or,  we  may  soppose  the  poet  to  speak  in  the 
ekaracter  of  a  lover,  who  thinks  nothing 
feod  enongh  for  the  object  of  his  afiections. 
6m  m  opposed  to  urht. 

90.  Kiridi  hibiteo,      Ruasus  takes  these 
to  be  in  iho  dative  case,  and  under- 
by  theni :  to  green  or  rerdnnl  pasturtf; 
hibisnan^  texyn  ho  *   taking  tho 
foj  a  kind  of  p!a4t.     Bot  thiv  in- 


terpretation  is  attended  with  difficulty.  Dr. 
Trapp  takes  it  for  a  large  plant  or  little  treei 
out  of  which  wands  were  made.  He  ob- 
serves,  Virgil  no  where  mentions  it  as  food 
for  cattle.  CompeUere^  &c. :  to  drive  tbem 
with  a  green  switch. 

31.  Pana,  Pan,  the  god  of  shepherds  and 
hunters,  is  said  to  have  been  the  son  of  Mer- 
cury  and  the  nymph  Dryope.  He  was  edu- 
cated  in  Arcac^a ;  and  wrapped  in  the  skin 
of  a  goat^  he  was  carried  up  to  heavcn  by 
Jupiter,  where  all  the  gcKls  ridiculed  his  ap» 
pearance.  He  chiefly  resided  in  Arcadia. 
He  is  said  to  have  invented  the  pipe  wHh 
seven  reeds.  He  was  worshipped  in  Arca- 
dia,  and  is  said  to  have  given  out  oraclcs  on 
mount  Lyceus.  His  festivals,  called  by  the 
Greeks  Lytit^  were  introduced  into  Italy  by 
Evander,  and  established  at  Rome  undor 
the  name  of  Luperealia^  and  celebrated  the 
15th  of  February.  He  was  the  chief  of  the 
Satyrs. 

34.  TVivisse  labellum :  to  have  wom  the 
lip.     From  the  verb  tero, 

36.  Cieutit.  Cicuta,  an  herb  mach  like 
the  Hemlock.  Hence  used  for  any  hollow 
reed :  hence  also,  by  Meton.  for  a  pipe.  f1is> 
tula :  a  pipo  connected  together  with  sevea 
unequal  reeds,  &c.  These  were  put  toge- 
ther  with  waz,  as  mentioned  32  sapra. 

41.  Duo  CapreoH :  two  young  gnatn.  Cn- 
preoU :  a  diminitive  noun,  from  capra  or 
eapttr,  Thoge  were  undoubtedly  wild  kids, 
taken  from  their  dams,  which  he  ehteemed 
very  much ;  and  not  those  lost  hy  Kim^  «xva 
recovered  dgain.    Sarviui  «^7«  *.  W\^\kVf^ 


lO  P.  VlRGUJl  MARONIS 

Ecce  fenint  Nymphie  calathis :  tibi  cftndii 
Pallentes  violas  et  sununa  papavera  carpe 
Narciasiim  et  florem  jungit  bene  olentis  ai 
Tum  casil,  atque  aliis  intexens  suavibus  h 
Mollia  luteol^  pingit  vaccinia  caltha. 
'  Ipse  ego  cana  legam  tenerl  lanugine  mali 

Castaneasque  nuces,  mea  quas  Amaiyllis 

Addam  cerea  pruna :  et  honos  erit  huic  < 

£t  vos,  6  lauii,  carpam,  et  te,  proxima  m 

55.  ^^aoniam  nw  po-  Sic  positse  quoniam  suaves  miscetis  odorc 

titae  sic  iiiKetis  Rusticus  es,  Corydon ;  nec  munera  curat 

«1?'  ^^    >^^^^7aZ^  Nec  si  muneribus  certes,  concedat  lolas. 

imiuisi  ausirum  floribua,  Eheu,  quid  volui  misero  mihi  ?  flonbus  A 

et  aprod.  Perditus,  et  liquidis  immisi  fontibus  aproa 

NOTES. 

atfintwhite  spots,  whichaflerwardschange,  he  killed  himeelf.    His  b! 

and  iose  tbcir  beauty.      If  it   be  eo,  thie  into  a  flower,  which  bean 

ctrcomstance  will  ezplain  the  words,  tpartit  47.   Stanma  papacera  • 

eiiamntme  peUxbtu  aibo :  wliich  also  denotes  ing  the  heads  of  poppi( 

that  thoj  were  joung.  Aneihtu  were  two  beautL 

46.  Eece/erunt :  behold  ihe  nympht  bring  «jccording   to   Serviua,  w 

fbr  ymi  lUiet  in  JuU  batketn,  &c.     The  fol-  ">""«'  ">^  ,"»«  flowcr,  n 

lowing  linee  are  extremely  L-»autiful.     Mr.  P^nfi  .**»«  «^ter  into  th 

Warton  obsenre^  they  contain  the  sweetest  ^  «^»**  ^^  ^*^     ^^ 

garland  ever  ofiered  by  a  lover.     The  agi-  «melling. 

Ution  and  doubts  of  a  iover's  mind  are  ^-  Pingii  moUia^  &c    1 

finely  set  forth :  nee  munera  eurai  Jilexit,  ^^  ^^  soft  hyacmtha  wil 

kc    At  length  he  seems  to  come  to  himself,  mary^ld.     raecimum^  h 

and  lo  reflect  upon  the  sUte  of  his  affairs :  Hyacmthus  of  Theocntus, 

miit  temipuiaia  eti,  &c    J^ympha,    They  copies ;   so  say  Tumebui 

were  a  iLind  of  female  Divinities  supposed  Ruibus. 

to  exist  for  a  very  great  length  of  time ;  but  ^}-  ^^    Malum  sign 

not  to  be  altogether  iromortal.    They  were  «f  ™t,  such  as  apples, 

divided  iuto  two  general  classw— Nymphs  «c.      The  last  is  here  n 

of  the  land,  and  Nymphs  of  the  water.  fro™  the  eana  ienera  ian* 

Eachoftheseclasseswasdividedivtoseve-  »«"  down,  or  fiir.      Mr. 

ral  others.    The  former  into  Dryadet^Ha-  ^"^^  pea^es. 

madryade»'-'Oreade»~-irapeem^Limmtiadet^  ^3.  Cerea:  of  wazen-o 

&c.    The  latter  into  Oceanide^-^eradet--  ^  Myrte,    The  Roma 

jr«Mtdet  or  J^aidet^Polamidet—Limniadet^  garlands  of  laurel  in  th. 

fcc    AU  of  which  are  of  Greek  derivation.  tnumphs :  and  those  of  m; 

which  was  on  horseback,  • 

The  nymphs  wero  fnrther  distmguished  lesser  trinmph,  or  triumph 

by  an  epithet  taken  from  the  place  of  their  dignity  than  that  in  whi 

residence.    Thus  the  Nymphs  of  Sicily  are  rode  m  a  charioL      The 

called  Sieeiidet—thon  of  Coryeut^  Coryei-  stLcred  to  Venus,  and  the 

adet  or  Coryeidet,  kc.  Prwcima :  nexi  in  honor  t 

Echo  is  said  to  have  been  formerly  a  56.  Rutiieut :  in  the  se 

nymph ;  but  falUng  in  love  with  a  beautifiil  57.  lolat,  Tho  owner  or 

yoota  calltod  ^areittuty  who  refused  her  ad-  58.  Eheu^  quid  ro/iii,  & 

droBseo,  at  which  she  was  so  much  grieved  /  done  io  mytelfy  a  mitert 

Ihat  she  pined  away,  till  every  part  of  her  rttined,  I  have  lei  in  ihe 

was  consumed  but  her  voice,  that  continued  Thew  expressions  are  pr 

to  haunt  the  woods  and  fountains,  which  plicable  to  those  who  wi 

ehe  once  firequented.  JVarruna,  stopping  to  prove  ruinons  to  them.   D 

repoee  himself  by  the  side  of  a  fountain,  the  passage  thus :  By  my 

irhere  ho  chanced  to  see  his  image  reflected  this  extravagant  passion, 

lii  tho  water,  becamo  enamoured  with  it ;  peace  and  quiet,  and  perm 

Uking  it  for  a  nymph,  he  endeavored  to  gotodecay,whichwerebel 

approach  it ;  but  all  his  atUmpU  being  un-  flourishing,  and  proq>eroQi 

availing,  he  was  ao  much  disappointed  thal  interpreu  it  hjfefL 


BUCOLICA.     ECL.  11, 


l 


Quem  rugis,  ah,  demens  1  habitarunt  di  quoque  sylvu, 

DanJaniusque  Paris.     Pallas,  quas  condidit  arces,        61 

(psa  colat :  nobb  placeant  ante  omnia  sylvs. 

ToiTd  Isena  lupum  sequitur  :  lupus  ipse  capellam  : 

Florentem  cydsum  scquitur  lasciva  capella  : 

Te  Cor}'don,  6  Alejd  :  trabit  sua  quemque  voli^tas.    66 

Aspice,  aratra  jugo  referunt  suspensa  juvenci, 

£t  5ol  crescentes  decedens  duplicat  umbras. 

Me  tamen  urit  amor  :  quis  enim  modus  adsit  amori  ? 

Ah,  Cor}'don,  Corydon,  quae  te  dementia  cepit ! 

6einiputata  tibi  frondosa  vitis  in  ulmo  est.  70 

Quin  tu  ahquid  saltem  potius,  quorum  indiget  usob^ 

Viminibus  mollique  paras  detexere  junco  ? 

Iovenies<  tlium,  si  te  hic  fastidit  Alexim. 

NOTE8. 


71.  Qnlo  potiiis  t« 
paima  deteiere  Mltem 
aliqiiid  eoriMi,  qaofiun 
iiMifl  indiget  viininibiifl. 


tfO.  Demau:  O  foolish  boT,  whom  do  you 
Ate?      Dewtens^   compounded   of  de  and 


61.  Paris»  See  nom.  prop.  under  Pcarit. 
Dv4ani\u^  an  idi.  of  Dardanut^  ono  of  the 
fbundera  of  Troy.  Paliat^  the  same  ae  Mi- 
Dcrva.     See  Geor.  I.  18. 

62.  CqUU  :  in  the  soose  of  ineolai. 

6S.  Sua  volupiat  trahU  quemque :  his  own 
pleaflure  draws  every  one— every  one  is 
^rawu  bj  his  own  pieasure. 


66.  RrferwU.  After  the  labor  of  tbe 
day,  they  drew  bome  the  plough  inverted, 
8o  tbat  the  ehare  would  glide  eaeiW  over  the 
ground,  and  hang,  ae  it  were,  lightiy  upon 
tbe  yoke. 

7 1.  Qutn  /u,  &c.  Whv  do  you  not  ratner 
prepare  to  make  (weave)  at  loast  ■onie  of 
thoee  thingt  wliich  need  requires,  of  oeieri 
and  pliant  ruahei  ?  The  verb  indigeo  go- 
vemi  the  genitive.  Utut :  need,  or  necee- 
■ily. 


QUESTIONS. 


What  ii  the  rabjeet  of  thii  paetoral  ? 
Who  ie  represented  under  the  cbaracter 
«f  Corydon  ? 
Who  under  that  of  Alexis.' 
Where  is  the  scene  laid  ? 
^lio  was  Amphion?    What  is  said  of 

Wtm> 

WhowasPan?    What  is  said  of  hiro ? 
What  were  his  iestivals  called  by  the 
Qteeks?    What  bv  the  Romans  ? 
B  whMwtretAayintroduced  into  Italyf 


When  were  they  celebrated? 

Whe  were  the  Nymphs  ?  Into  how  many 
classes  maj  they  be  divided  ? 

Was  each  of  tbese  classes  subdivided  into 
othor  classes  ^ 

Can  you  mention  tome  of  thoee  subdi- 
visions  ? 

Who  was  Echo  said  to  have  been  ? 

From  what  language  are  the  BaiMf  of 
the  Nymphs  derivod? 


E€L06A  TERTIA. 


MENALCAS,  DAMCETAS,  PALiEMON. 

t 

Tn  mibjeot  of  this  pastoral  ifl  a  trial  of  skill  in  music  between  the  shep 
and  DamoBtae ;  who  aflter  rallying  each  other  a  while,  resolve  to  try  a 
■eoce  of  their  neighbor  Palsmon,  whom  they  constitute  judge  of  thei 
Hayingheard  each  of  them  attentively,  he  declared  he  wasunabloto  dc 
a  controvenij ;  but  pronounced  each  one  to  be  deserving  of  the  pledgi 

This  beautiful  pastoral  is  in  imitation  of  the  fiflh  and  eighth  of  the  Id 
tus.  It  is  conjectured  that  under  the  character  of  Damoetas,  we  an 
Virgil ;  and  under  that  of  Menalcas,  some  rival  poet  at  Rome. 

1.  Cujum  pecus  et/      Men.  DIC  mihi,  Damoeta,  cujum  pecus  ' 
uhid?  an  estpectu  Me-     jy^^    Non,  verum  iEgonis :  nuper  mihi  t 

Dum  fovet,  ac,  ne  me  sibi  praeferat  illa,  ve: 
Hic  alienuB  oves  custos  bis  mulget  in  hori 
Et  succus  pecori,  et  lac  subducitur  agnis. 
Da.  Parcius  ista  viris  tamen  objicienda 
8.   Novimus   et    qui  Novimus  et  qui  te,  transversa  tuentibus  hii 
§orruperint  te  et  in  quo  Ei  quo,  sed  faciles  NymphoB  ris^re,  sacello 
sacello,  hircis  tuenUbus      ^^   Tum,  credo,  cum  me  arbustum  vid^i 
transversa,  sed  .  ^  ,^     .        .      .  ,         /.  i  n 

10.  Tum    credt>  iUtt^^^^^  m^iVA  vites  mcidere  mlce  nDveilas. 

riierunty  cum  vid^re  rae      Da.  Aut  hic  ad  veteres  fagos,  cum  Dapl 
incidere  arbustum  Fregisti  et  caiamos  :  quae  tu,  perverse  Me 

£t  cum  vidisu  puero  donata,  dolebas  ; 
16.  Audent  faetrt  ta-  ^^^  ^^  ^'^^  aliqua  nocuisses,  mortuus  esses. 
lia.  Me.  Quid  domini  fiicient,  audent  cum  t 

NOTES. 

1.  Cvjum :  an  adj.  agreeing  with  peeut :  minished    or  taken   awa]| 

in  the  scnse  of  ev^iu,  from  their  young.  This  wa 

S.  JEgon,    The  name  of  a  shepherd,  the  brought  agr&inst  DamoBtas 

rival  of  Menalcas   in   tho  love  of  JWoira.  sented  it. 
It  IB  dcrived  from  a  Greek  word  signifjring        g    Tranjn<er,i  :  croaswi. 

'f?',4  •  /-i-  fnu      L  »dv.  ftoin  the  adj.  of  the 

3.  O  ove;  tn/i/ur  pteus.    The  sheep  are    ^^^j^^  ^j.  ^j,^  q^J^ 

ealled  unhappy,  becauso  their  master  ^gon, 

while  in  love  with  ^ettra^  had  given  up  all         9.  Sacello :  any  place  co 

eare  of  them ;  and  because  they  had  fallcn  worship  of  God — a  cave 

into  tho  hands  of  a  hireling,  who  treatod  the  presont  case. 

them  so  inhumanly.  10.  Jirbiulum:  properly 

5.  Aiienus,     An  alien,  or  hireling  shep-  with  trcns  for  vines  to  gi 
bard — ctutos,  meton.  the  trees  theniselve 

6.  Succus :  may  raean  the  sarae  with  lae  JSToveMat :  new,  or  young. 
menUoned  just  afler.    By  miiking  the  dams,         13.  Qua  tu^  &c.  Which  ( 
the  natural  food  {lac)  of  the  young  would  whenyousawgiventothebo^ 
be  takcn  from  them,  and  they  suHcrcd  to  and  would  havt  died^  if  you 
■tarvo.     Or  succru  may  mean  nourishmcnt  trav,  injured  him, 

in  gcneral.     It  being  taken  away  or  diini-     '    16.  Fures :  slaves.   Thoj 
ntshcd  to  Ihe  damH«  the  milk  would  be  di-     so  called,  because  notoriou 


BUCOUCA.    ECL.  UL  13 

Noo  ego  te  vidi  Damonia,  pesame,  capram 

Excipere  insidiia,  multum  latraDte  lycisc^  ? 

Ct  cum  clamarem  ;  *"*"  Qud  nunc  bt  proripit  ille  ? 

ritjre,  coge  pecua :"  tu  poet  carecta  latebas.  90 

Da.  An  nuhi  cantando  victus  non  redderet  ille, 
Quein  mea  carminibus  meruisset  fistula,  caprum  ? 
Si  nescis^  meus  ille  caper  fuit ;  et  mihi  Damon 
Ipse  &tebatur,  sed  reddere  posse  negabat. 

Mk.  Cantando  tu  illum  ?  aut  unquam  tibi  fistula  c&A  25     S6.  To  vicuH  Dloai 
JuDCta  fuit  ?  non  tu  in  triviis,  indocte,  solebas  cantando? 

6thdenti  miserum  stipul&  disperdere  carmen  ? 

Da.  Vis  ergd  inter  nos,  quid  possit  uterque,  vicissim 
Experiamur  ?  ego  hanc  vitulam  (ne  forte  recusesi 
Bis  venit  ad  mulctram,  binos  alit  ubere  fcetus)  30 

Depono :  tu  dic,  mecum  quo  pignore  certes. 

Me.  De  grege  non  ausim  quicquam  deponere  tecum ; 
Est  mihi  namque  domi  pater,  est  iiyusta  noverca  : 
Bisque  die  numerant  ambo  pecus ;  alter  et  hoedos. 

VcrvuE,  id  quod  multd  tute  ipse  fiitebere  majus,  36     35.  Vemm,  quoniani 

hnnire  hbet  quoniam  tibi,  pocula  ponam  libettibiin«uiire,ponam 

P    •  1  ^        j-  •   •  A 1  •       j     *^  *o  Quoa  tute  ipse  fat# 

Fapna,  ccplatum  divini  opus  Alcimedontis :  be^  ^  ^^/x  ^j^ 

Lenta  quibus  tomo  facili  su))eraddita  vitis  pignm^  nempe^  duo  fagi- 

Diffusos  hederi  vestit  pallente  corymbos.  n&  pocula,  coBlatom  opos 

In  medio  duo  signa,  Conon :  et  quis  fuit  alter,  40 

NOTES. 

18.  Lycuea.    A  mongrel  dog— «b  animal  38.  Lenta  viiis  quibui :  around  whtdi  a 

half  dog  and  half  wolf.  Hmber  vine^  auperadded  ly  ihe  eaty  earving  in» 

20.  Poti  eareeta :  behind  the  fedges.  See  ttrument^  covert  over  (mantles)  Uu  d\ffuted 
Ccl.  I.  68.  (looeely  hanging)  ehutert  tnih  paU  ivy. — 

21.  ,4n  non  vietut  eaniando:  vanquithed  These  lines  are  eomewhat  intricate,  and 
n  stnging^  thmUd  he  not  retum  tomethe  goai  have  divided  the  opinionn  of  commentatora. 
ithicht  iic  RusuB  takes  quilmt  iii  tJie  abl.  and  inter*^ 

iS.  THrtii.     TVtrttnn,  a  place  in  which  preta  faeili  tomo  bv  ope  fncUit  lomi,     Dr 

thrcc  nrays  meL  So  Btrttim  and  ^uadrivitan^  Trapp  and  some  otheni  take  /aeili  iomo  in 

places  in  which   two  and   four  ways  met.  the  dat.  and  understand  bj  it  the  wood  after 

Duperdere  miterum  carmen  :    to  murder  a  it  is  smoothed  and  polished  in  the  turner^s 

iorry,orwretched/ime,onai9tiedktng«/rair-  lathe,  by  meton.     Davidson,  on  the  other 

pipe.  hand,  takee  quibut  for  the  daL  and  faeiii 

30.  Ubere :  the  udder.  Bj  meton.  for  the  tomo  foi^e  abl.  but  then  he  takes  these  last 
milk  contained  in  iL     FoUut :  calves.  for  the  tn^fniota  carver^  or  eaiy  tkilful  work» 

31.  ^uopignore:  with  what  pledge  or bet.  man,  which  he  mifrht  do  by  meton.  Tha 
Tell  me  what  pledg^  you  will  put  against  sense  I  have  given  is  the  most  natural  and 
mj  heifer.  easy.      The  meaninf  of  the  poet  is  this  : 

34.  ^mbo  numerani :  ihey  both  eouni  ihe  That  each  of  these  bowls  was  en^ved  or 

/hck  twiee  in  a  day ;  and  one  eounit  ihe  kidt,  carved  with  vine  and  ivy  boughs,  so  cunously 

Peeut  is  proporSy  a  Jlock  or  herd  of  neat-  interwoven,  that  the  ivy-bemes  were  shaded 

cattle,  as  here.    jilier^  properly  is  one  of  two  or  mantled  with  the  lisnber  or  pliant  vine. 
<— unt^T,  one  of  many.  40.  Conon.    The  name  of  a  famous  ma- 

36.  IntarUre :  to  be  Ifetide  yourtelf' — to  play  thematician  and  astronomer  of  Samot^  a  co- 
the  fool ;  by  contending  with  me,  who  am  temporary  and  friend  of  Archimedes.  Sigrui: 
so  much  more  skilful  than  you.  Poeulafa-  figures.  Ei  quitfuit  aUer?  This  is  a  very 
fina :  beechen  bowls— made  of  the  beech-  pleasant  tum.  There  is  something  agreeable 
«ood  in  this  picture  of  pastoral  simplicity.     He 

37.  Altimedoniit.  The  name  of  a  very  had  mentioned  the  name  of  one,  but  had 
•kilfal  and  ingenious  carver.  Mr.  Martin  forgotten  the  name  of  the  other.  He  tum^ 
thinkff  he  was  some  intimate  friend  of  Vir-  to  himself  and  asks:  quitfuii  alierf  b*^* 
gil,  who  wished  to  transmit  his  name  to  the  name  not  recurring  to  him,  he  goes  o-, 
poaterity.    History  is  silent  respecting  him.  to  describe  him  by  Uia  WQitka*  \\  ^%a  ^a^ 


U  P.  yiRGlI.U  MARONIS 

Descripsit  radio  tolum  qui  gentibus  orben 
Tempora  quae  messor,  quas  curvus  arator 
Necdum  illis  labra  admovi,  sed  condita  sei 

Da.  Et  nobis  idem  Alcimedon  duo  poo 
£t  moUi  circum  est  ansas  amplexus  acantl 
Orpheaque  in  medio  posuit,  sylvasque  seq 
Necdum  iliis  labra  admovi,  sed  condita  sei 
Si  ad  vitulam  spectes,  nihil  est  qu6d  pocu 

Mb.  Nunquam  hodie  efTugies :  veniam 
Audiat  hsec  tantum  vel  qui  venit :  ecce,  Pa 
Efficiam  posthac  ne  quemquam  voce  lacec 

Da.  Quin  age,  si  quid  habes ;  in  me  moi 
Nec  quemquam  fugio  :  tantum,  vicine  Pal 

NOTES. 

who,  kc     It  is  ropposed  that  Aratut  or  behold  his  long-Iost  Euryd 

Jirehimedet  is^eant.    The  fbrmer  wrote  m  but  she  immediately  Tani 

Greek  a  troatiM  conceming  the  sitoation  attempted  to  follow  her, 

and  motions  of  the  heavenly  bodiea :  which  The  only  consoiation  he  < 

was  translated    into    Latin.      The    latter  the  sound  of  his  Ijre  in  g\ 

was  a  famooB  mathematician  and  astpono-  tains  apart  from  society. 

mer  of  Syracuse,  in  Sicily.     By  the  help  of  women,  whom  by  his  negl 

hia  buming-^Iassefl  and  enprines,  he  nobly  he  had  ofTended,  set  upon 

defended  Uiat  city  when  besieged    by  the  were  celebrating  the  orgief 

Romans  nnder  Marcellus.    After  a  siege  of  having  tora  his  body  in  p 

three  years,  however,  it  was  taken  by  stra-  his  head  into  the  river  Hc 

tagem.     Archimedes  was  slain  by  a  soldier,  tinued  to  articulate  Euryi 

whilo  in  the  act  of  demonstrating  a  propo-  as  it  was  carried  down  thc 

•'tion.  JEgean  sea.     Afler  his  dei 

45-    Amplexut  esl   anttu :    he  encircled  received  divine  honors.     H 

handles  arouad  with  sofl  acanthus.  The  ferred  to  the  heavens,  an< 

parts  of  the  verb  are  here  separated  for  the  lation.     Sequenie* :  obedie 

sake  of  the  verse,  by  Tmesis.    Acantho :  a        47.  Condiia :   laid  up  m 

plant  called  Bear^M^/ool,  eondo^  agreeing  with  poetUt 

46.   Orphea :    acc.   of  Greek-  ending. —        49.  ^unquam  ^ugies  ho 

Orpheus  was  a  most  ancient  and  excellcnt  no  means  avoid  the  trial  tl 

poet,  the  son  of  (Eagrus,  king  of  Thrace.  tas  had  proposed  to  stak* 

But  according  to  fable,  he  was  the  son  of  Menalcas  said  he  could  noi 

Apollo  and  Caliope,  one  of  Ihe  Muses.    He  of  his  father  and  step-moth 

re<:eived  a  lyre  from  ApoIIo,  some  say  from  to  pledge  his  bowls.  Damce 

Mercury,  upon  which  he  performed  in  such  a  the  heifer,  and  so  seemed  ' 

masterly  manner,  that  the  rivers  ceased  to  test,  because   the  cJbnditio 

flow — the  savage  beasts  forgot  their  ferocity  accepted  by  Menalcas.    At 

— «nd  tho  lofly  oaks  bowed  their  heads  and  coniident  of  victory,  and 

listened  to  his  song.   He  was  beloved  by  all  fear,  he  says :   Veniam  qu 

the  nymphs.    Eurydice  alone  could  make  I  will  come  to  any  con<iitio 

an  impression  on  his  mind.      He  married  pose.     Accordingly  the  bo^ 

her ;   but  their  happiness  was  short.     For  and  a  heifer  is  the  prize. 
AristsBUs  fell  in  love  with  hcr ;  and  flceing        50.  Tantum  vel  qui  venit^  i 

from    him,   a   serpent   lying  in    the   way  nothing  more  to  say)    evi 

wounded  her  in  the  foot,  of  which  she  died.  comes  yonder,  hear  these  tl 

Orpheus  was  so  much  afHicted  at  the  loss,  was  so  sure  of  victory,  tha 

that  he  resolved  to  recover  her,  or  perish  in  to  submit  to  the  decision  < 

the  attempt.     For  this  purpose,  he  descend-  son  ;   and  accordingly  seej 

ed  to  Hell,  and  gained  admittance  to  Pluto,  at  a  distance,  says  :   even 

who  was  so  chamied  with  his  music,  that  coming  there,  be  tlie  judg 

ho  consented  to  restore  to  him  las  wife^  upon  versy,  whoever  he  may  be. 

the  condition  that  he  would  forbcar  to  look  approach.,  discovering  who 

bchind   hira   till   he  passed   the  bounds  of  hehold,  it  is  Palcemon  our  z 

his  empire.     The  condition  was  acccpted ;  in  the  sense  of  caniu, 
but  8*  thoy  wore  very  near  the  region  of        51.  Efficiam:  I  will  caoi 
Ueht,  tho  unhappy  lover  tumod  his  eves  to        53.  JFY^pio :  in  the  sense 


BUGOJJCA.    ECL.  IIL  16 

SenRibiis  hac  imis,  res  est  non  parva,  reponas. 

Pal.  Dicite :  quando  quidem  in  moUiconsedimua  keriMi : 
Et  nunc  omnis  ager,  nunc  omnis  partunt  arbos ;  66 

Nonc  frondent  sylv»,  nunc  formosissimus  annus. 
lncipe,  Damcsta :  tu  deinde  aequ^re,  Menalca. 
▲iteniis  «ficetis :  amant  altema  Camene. 

Da.  Ab  Jove  pnncipium,  Musse  ;  Jovis  omnia  plena  :     60.  O  moMD,  prnifli> 
Itte  colit  terraa;  illi  mea  carmina  cure.  61  P^^™    amnium  ett    ab 

Mb.  Et  me  Phoebus  amat :  Phoebo  sua  semper  apud  ^^Jf ''      ^  »,    ^ 
Munera  sunt,  Uun,  et  suave  rubens  hyacmthus.         [me  ^  ^^^^  ^  ^  ^„. 

Da.  Malo  me  Galatea  petit,  lasciva  puella  :  nera,  ncii^e,  lauh 

Et  fugit  ad  sahces,  et  se  cupit  ante  videri.  66 

Me.  At  mihi  sese  offert  ultro^  meus  ignis,  Amyntas 
Notior  ut  jam  sit  canibus  non  Delia  nostris. 

Da.  Parta  mee  Veneri  sunt  munera :  namque  notavi 
Ipte  locunLi  acrisB  quo  congessere  palumbes. 

Ms.  Quod  potui,  puero  sylvestri  ex  arbore  lecta      70 
Aarea  mala  decem  misi :  cras  altera  mittam.  7i.  Quo^  sohm  potni 

Da.  O  quoties^  et  qu»  nobis  Galatea  locuta  est!  ^^S^v         v^  • 

Partem  aliquam,  venti,  div{)m  referatis  ad  aures.  ba  ^""  ^^ 

Ms.  Quid  prodest,  qudd  me  ipse  animo  non  spemis, 
S^  dum  tu  sectaris  apros,  ego  retia  servo  ?         [  Amynta, 

Da.  Phyllida  mitte  mihi,  meus  est  natalis,  lola.        76 
Olni  fiiciam  vituli  pro  frugibus,  ipse  venito. 

Mb.  Phyllida  amo  ante  alias :  nam  me  discedere  flevit : 

NOTES. 

54.  hmt  $enribut ;  yoar  deepest  attention,  times  called  Delia  firom  Delos^  the  place  of 

«tbouglite.     /?e#.*  the  oontroveray.  her  birth.     She  wasthegoddeseof  bunting, 

58.  AUemu  :  in  altemate  verees.    Thii  and  protectreee  of  Dogs.     Ruieut  and  Dr. 

ii  ealled  eartnen  amakmum,     It  oonnsts  not  Trapp  understand  by  Deha^  not  Diana^  but 

toMy  in  U\e  dialogoe ;   but   requires  that  a  servant  of  Menalcas  by  that  name. 

Si^w  n^  SJrj^t!^  ^«  "f""^  V  ^J  68.  Me^  venen:  for  my  love-the  dear 

tibs  other  upon  the  «me  or  similar  subject.  object  of  my  affections. 

Canmna  T    venef,  is  understood.  CamieniE :  ^               /—«*.««*«. 

the  Muses.    It  was  formerly  written  Car-  69.  Congettere :  in  the  sense  of  nid\fira-' 

mam  and  Catmtente,    Theme,  earmen,  verunt, 

60.  Mutm,    They  were  nine  in  number,  71.  Aurea:  yellow — ripe. 

ths  dkuf htera  of  iupiter  and  Mnemosyne.  72.  Venti^  referoHt :  bear  some  part  of 

Hmj  were  suppoeed  to  preside  over  th#  them,  O  winds,  &c.      Either  because  her 

avts  and  sdences.     They   wero  bcm    in  words  were  so  sweet  that  they  would  do- 

Fieria  in  Macedonia,  and  were  said  to  re*  light  even  the  eara  of  the  gods :  or  that  th« 

•deon  mount  Heliconand  mount  Pamassus,  gods  might  be  witnesses  to  her  proniises. 

tbe  fenner  in  Beotia,  the  latter  in  Phocis. —  74.  ^uidprodetU  fcc.    Damcetas  had  beea 

Their  namee   are :   Calliope^   CHo^  ErcUo^  jupt  before  expressing  his  joy  at  the  conver- 

TWio,  Melpomene^   Terptiefiore^   Euterpe^  sation  which  he  had  with  his  mistress.    Me* 

Pol§hymniat  and  Urania,  nalcas  now  endeavors  to  go  beyond  him  in 

61.  fUe  eoUt :  he  regards  the  earth     he  sentimcnts  of  tenderaess  and  affection  ;  and 
ligard&  my  verses.  intimates  that  he  cannot  have  any  enjoy* 

6t.  Pkabut.     The  sam^  as  ApoUo  and  nient  while  Amyntas  is  absent;  nay,  unle« 

Sti;  tbo  son  of  Jupiter  and  Latona.     The  he  share  with  him  t*3  dangera. 
bnrd  and  hyacinth  were  sacred   to   him.         75.  Retia :  plu.  itf  rete :  toils,  or  snaret 

htfMS  they  are  called  tua  munera^  his  own  set  to  take  any  prey. 
rSta,    Soe  Ed.  IV.  10.  76.  PhiUida  :   a  Greek  acc.   of  Pliillifl. 

66.  ifcait:  properly  a  fire  or  flame.     By  Sho  was  the  nlnve  of  lolas,  and  mistress  both 

asCoQ.  iove— also  the  object  of  love ;  as  in  to  Damfctas  and  Monalcas. 
ths  present  caiio.  77.  Faciam  vitulfi :  that  is,  faeiam  iaera 

§7.  Utjam  DeJia  mm:  so  that  Delia  now  ex  ritvla :  T  will  mako  thc  sacr' fice  of  a 

*  Bot  better  Juiowa,  fcv.    Diatm  is  some-  heifer  for  the  fruitji. 


16  •  P.  l^IRGILU  liiARONIS 

Et,  ^lon^um,  formoee,  vale,  vale,"  iiM| 

Ba.  Triste  lupus  stabulis ;  maturis  frt 

Arboribus  venti ;  nobis  Amaryllidis  ir» 

Mb.  Dulce  sads  humor ;  depulsis  arl 

Lenta  saliz  fieto  pecori :  mihi  solus  An 

Da.  Pollio  amat  nostram,  quamvis  es 

86.Pa0citotaonimttf»,Pieride8^  vitukm  lectori  paseite  vestro. 

^*"  j*™  Mb.  PoHio  et  ipse  fiicit  nova  carmina 

Jam  comu  petat,  et  pedibus  qui  sparga 

W,  VeniEi  qooqae  qui      D ^.  Qui  to,  Pollio,  amat ;  veniat  qu6 « 

gaudetettiiiteiiemtiit».  ^^ylk  fluant  illi,  ferat  et  njbus  asper  aii 

Mb.  Qui  Bavium  non  odit,  amet  tui 

Atque  idem  jungat  vulpes,  et  mulgeat  I 

»«.  O  poen,qai  legitia     Da.  Qui  legitis  flores,  et  humi  nasoc 

aores  e^fraga  naeoentia  prigidus,  6  pueri !  fugite  hin<J,  latet  anj 

^  Mb.  Parcite,  oves,  nimium  proceder 

Creditur :  ipse  aries  etiam  nunc  vellen 

Da.  Tit^rre,  pascentes  a  flumine  reic 

Jpse,  ubi  tempus  erit,  omnes  in  fonte  b 

Me.  Cogite  oves  pueri :  si  lac  pr» 

Ut  nuper,  frustra  pressabimus  ubera  pa 

Da.  Eheu,  quam  pingui  macer  est  ra' 

102.  Neqae  eet  amor  Wem  amor  exitium  pecori  est,  pecori« 

3ertd  causa  hia  meU  ew-      Mb.  His  certe  neque  amor  causa  ea 

ktf«  eur  tirU  tam  maerm^  Nescio  quis  teneros  oculus  mihi  fiiscizil 

NOTES. 

79.  Longttm^formote^  &c.  These  aie  not  learned  men  of  his  tir 
the  worde  of  PhilliB,  addresced  to  lolas,  but        89.  ^momum,    An  a 

of  Menalcas ;   and  firet  addressed  to  Me-  value.     The  Aaayrian 

nalcas  by  Phillis.     They  made  a  deep  im-  best.     Rubiu :  the  bla 
pression  on  his  mind — thej  stole  his  affec-         90.  Qut  Bavium  tu 

tions.     O  beautiful  youth,  said  she,  farewell  Moevius  were  two  coi 

— farcwell,  a  long  time.    Staimlis :  sheep-  very  inimical  to  Virgil 

folds.     By  meton.  the  sheep.     Tritte  is  to  two  liues   are  wonde; 

be  supplied  with  each  member  of  the  i<en-  the  samo  persons  yok 

ience  following,  aa  also  the  verb  eti,  goats.     But  this  wouh 

82.  Arbutut :  the  strawberry  tree,  so  call-  as  a  ridiculous  employ 
ed  from  the  resemblance  of  its  fruit  to  a         93.  Frigidut:  deadl; 

Btrawberry.    Depultit :   the  words   a  lacie  descriptive  of  the  natt 
are  understood.  95.  Crediiur,    It  is 

82.   Saiit,    The  dat.  plu.  a  substantive  impersonal   verbs  alw 

trom  the  part.  pass.  of  the  verb  tero^  I  sow.  frequently  occur  in  sei 

It  sipiifies  any  thing  sown  or  planted-stand-  version  would  be   vei 

ing  com.     Depultit  fuBdit:  to  the  weaned  This  is  the  case  here. 

kids.     Dulcit  is  to  be  supplied  in  each  me^-  ing  his  sheep  not  to 

ber  of  the  sentence ;  as  aiso  the  verb  eti,  adds  as   a  reason  for 

85.  Pieridet,  The  Muses  are  so  called  not  well  to  trutt  to  iht  t 
frc  m  Pieria^  the  place  of  their  birth.  See  to  this  caution,  he  mei 
60.  supra.  ram  that  had  just  rec 

86.  Pollio,     A  noble  Roman,  the  friend  it  into  the  river,  and 
and  patron  of  VirgiL  See  nezt  £cl.   ^{'ova :  fleece. 

good — excellent.  96.  Reiee,     Imp.  ol 

88.  Veniat  quh  gaudei^  Ilc,     May  he  also  syncope  for  rgicio:  drj 

arrjve  at  those  honorsto  which  itdelighteth  98.  Praceperii:  if  t] 

him  that  thou  hast  arrived.     Pollio  was  in-  the  milk — should  takc 

vestod  with  tho  consulate  in  the  year  of  vain,  &c. 

Rome  714,  aud  in  the  following  year  he  re-  103.  Quit  oeulut:  w 

ceived  a  triumph.    He  was  also  a  poet  and  cs  roy  teuda  lambe.    > 

historian ;  and  considered  among  the  most  meot. 


BUCOTJCA.     ECL.  IIl.  17 

Da.  Dic  quibu9  in  terris,  et  eris  mihi  magnusi  Apollo, 
Tn»  (Kiteat  ca'a  b|>atium  iion  amplius  ulnas.  105 

Mk.  D'k  quibus  in  terris  inscripti  nomina  regum 
Nawantur  flores     et  Phyilida  eoiiis  habeto.  109.  Et  tu  ei  digrnut 

Pi    Non  nostrum  inter  vas  tantas  componere  litea.      ^**!*ii'  ^  ^^^'  . 
EtTitul4tudignu8.ethic:  et  quisquls  amores  ,.^  Jt^dulti^ol^lli Z 

Aut  metuet  dulces,  aut  expenetur  amaros.  1 10  experietur  amart^  am^ 

Claudite  jam  rivofl,  pueri :  sat  prata  biberunt.  re*. 

NOTES. 

105.  SpaHtan  caH  paieai,    DamoBtas  here  to  lettle,  &c.    £il  i»  to  be  lupplied.     Palnr 
propoMi  a  very  intricate  riddle.     Varions  mon  declares  his  inabinty  to  detcrminu  tiie 
hare  been  the  conjecturee  to  eolve  it.     It  ie  controversjr  between  them ;  but  pronouncet 
bMi  ^norallj  thought  that  the  place  in-  them  both  worthj  ofthe  prize. 

tciMicd  is  tho  bottom  of  a  well,  from  whonce  1 10.  Metnet  diiice* :  ehall  fear  snccesBful 

t*^  tpace  of  tho  beavenB  appears  no  broad-  love — shall  fear  that  it  wouH  not  bo  latfting. 

«r  than  its  mouth,  which  in  the  general  majr  Experietur  amaros :  shall  experiRnce  disap- 

be  taken  for  three  ells.  pointed  lov»— lovo  not  returnod  ur  rocipro- 

107.  FUret  nateaniur  interipii.    Without  catod. 

«olvtng  the  riddle  of  Damoetaa,  Menalcas  111.  Ciaudite,     This  it  a  beautiful  iine: 

^poees  this  one,  and  it  is  an  equal  match  shut  np  your  streams,  O  swains,  the  mcadt 

ibr  his.     The  solution  of  it  is  all  conjec-  havo  drunk  enough.     It  is  a  meta  phor  taken 

tore.    It  is  generaliy  supposed  that  the  hy-  from  rivers  refreshing  the  moadows  through 

idnUi  is  the  flower  alluded  to.     ^omina  which  they  pass ;  to  music  and  poetry,  de- 

macripii :    inscribed   as  to   the  names  of  lighting  tlie  ear,  the  fancy,  and  thu  judg- 

kinfs— or  with  tho  namee  of  kings.     See  ment.      It  implies  that  it  was  time  to  cease 

Gel.  I.  i5.  thcir  song ;  they  had  given  sufficient  prooft 

106.  Aon  noitrum :  it  is  not  in  my  power  of  their  skill  in  music 

QUESTIONS. 

Wbat  is  the  snbjeet  of  this  pastoral  ?  What  did  he  do  to  reeover  his  lost  Eury- 

Does  Vlrgil  here  imitate  Theocritus .'  dioe  ? 

Who  is  to  be  understood  onder  the  cha-  What  became  of  him  at  last  ? 

leter  of  IHmcRtas  ?     Virho  under  that  of  In  what  consists  the  earmen  amabcnan  f 

lbDa.cas  *     Who  under  that  of  PalsBmon .'  Who  were  the  Muses  ?    How  many  were 

H1io  was  Conon  ?  Who  was  Archimedee?  they  in  number  ?    What  were  their  naraea  ? 

What  did  he  do  agamet  the  Romane  ?  Who  was  Diana  ?    Where  waa  ■ba  bora  f 

Wkat  beeanie  of  him  afterwards  ?  Over  what  did  ■he  preride 

WkowMOrpiieos^  Whom  did  he  marry  ? 

8 


ECIiOGA  QUARTA* 

POLLIO. 


^iEOiL^fl  derign  in  this  pastoral  is  to  celebrate  the  birth  of  a  son  oA 
from  Tone  17 ;  on  which  account  he  dedicated  it  to  that  noble  Ronuu 
that  he  ascribea  to  the  son  of  liis  friend,  what  cannot  be  attributed,  * 
to  a  being  merely  human.  On  examination,  it  will  be  found  tha 
ezprcBsioni  and  paBsaf  es,  which  remarkably  correspond  with  the  p 
dictions  of  the  MessiaL,  contained  in  the  scriptures  of  the  Old  Tec 
cularlj  with  thoee  of  tho  propbet  Isaiah.     That  the  poet  was  inspin 

We  are  assured,  on  the  most  credible  testimony,  that  about  this  time  t 
expectation  of  the  Messiah^s  appearance.  Tiiis  was  partly  from  tl 
Jews  over  the  Roman  empire,  who  carried  witli  them  their  scriptun 
the  Sibyiline  oracles  then  much  in  rcpute.  What,  therefore,  was 
wos  the  common  opinion  conceming  the  Messiah,  the  poet  i^pplies  I 
It  was  not  fulfilled  in  him.  For  he  died  on  the  ninth  day  aHer  his  I 
evcr,  actually  fulfilled  in  about  forty  years  aflerwards,  when  the  Si 

S^me  suppose  that  the  poet  hath  in  view  Marcellus,  the  son  of  0 
Augustus,  whose  birth  correspondj  witli  the  consulship  of  Pollio.* 
him,  and  desiffned  him  for  his  tuccessor  in  the  empire.    This  is 
whom  Virgil  nighly  compliments  in  the  sixth  book  of  the  ffineid. 
ha  arrived  at  manhood. 

SICELIDES  Mu8s,  pau16  majora  ci 
Non  omnes  arbusta  juvant,  humilesque 
Si  canimuB  sylvas,  sylvte  sint  consule  di| 
Ultima  CumflBi  vcnit  jam  carminis  aetas 

No*nss. 

1.  Steehdei :   an  adj.  ftom  Siheiti,  the  residenoe  of  a  tibyL 
iii)and  of  Sicily,  the  country  of  Theocritus,  others  of  the  samo  nanM 
the  father  of  pastoral  poetry.    Hence  Sice-'  tinguished  were,  a  citi 
lides  Muta^  pastoral  muses.  Minor,  and  a  city  of  I 

2.  Arhiuta-~myrica,  Trees  and  Khrubs  the  ^gean  sea :  hodity 
^eem  to  be  put  here  for  pastoral  subjects,  or  sidence  of  this  sibyl  ^ 
the  stylo  and  manner  in  which  thoy  are  dug  into  a  rock.  Justii 
Bung,  by  meton.  Myrietr. :  a  shrub  called  that  he  visited  the  sp( 
thc  tamaritk.  The  poet  here  proposes  to  kind  of  chapel  in  the  i 
write  in  a  style  difTerent  from  tho  us^al  inhabitants  told  him  f 
stylo  of  pastoral ;  for  that  does  not  please  from  their  forefathers)  i 
every  ear.  A  more  elevated  strain  he  will  she  gavo  out  her  orac 
now  attempt.  tioned  several  other  pai 

3.  Sylvas :  the  woods.  By  meton.  pas-  tells  us,  that  the  cave 
toral  or  rural  subjects.  If  wo  sing  of  pas-  sibyl  remained  in  the 
tural  subjects,  those  subjects  should  be  Martyr  described  it,  un 
worthy  of  a  consul^s  ear.  entirely  destroyed  by  s 

4.  Ultima  (tias :  the  last  age  of  the  sibyl-  shook  all  Campania.  I 
iine  prophrcy  hath  now  arrived — the  last  Part  2.  Lib.  9.  The 
agc,  which  was  the  subject,  &c.  I  would  said  to  have  boen  cndv 
here  obscrvo  tliat  the  last  dayt — tht  latler  prophecy,  and  to  have  ; 
iays^  or  times,  arc  common  expressions  in  of  slates  and  kingdoE 
the  scriptures  to  denote  the  age  of  thc  Gos-  differcnt  periods  of  tij 
pel,  which  is  tne  last  dispcnsation  of  grace.  countries.  They  look 
Cuma^i  •  an  adj.  from  Cumet^  acity  of  Cam-  or  Sibyls,  frora  the  fin 
pania«  m  [taly,  foinous  for  having  been  tlie  dued«  her  uaine  being  l 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  IV.  19 

Magnaa  ab  mtegro  sseclorum  nascitur  ordo.  5 

Jam  redit  et  Virgo,  redeunt  Saturnia  regna  :  8.   Tn   modo,  casU 

im  no?a  progenies  coelo  demittitur  alto.  Lucina,   fave    na»cenU 

Tu  modd  naacena  puero,  quo  ferrea  primum  S^^riJJL^^di^oTw 

Desinct,  ac  toto  surget  gens  aurea  mundo,  ^^roa  gen»  ■urgei  toto 

Cuta,  &?e,  Lucina ;  tuus  jam  regnat  Apollo.  10  mundo. 

NOTES. 

MfilM  toi:  The  DMUea^  Erythnta^  Cip-  set  at  libertj  bj  Juplter.    Bat  Saturn  did 

■cf,SMna,  Cymana^HeUemnHca^  Libyea^  not'  long    remain  mindAiI  of  thiB  favor. 

Remea^  Phrj^ia^  and  the  T}tr(nwtina,    Ot  He  conspired  against  him  to  dethrone  him, 

tfa^tbe  oite  moet  noted  was  the  Cumaan.  and  possess  the  empire  himsel£    Upon  this, 

8Ve  teems  to  have  been  the  same  that  the  Jupiter  banished   nim   from  heaven.     He 

GrMkf  called  ETjfthreta.  fVom  the  circum-  came  to  Italj,  whic^  was  aflerwards  called 

fttooeof  her  beinc  bom  at  Erythrm  in  lonia,  Latium^  from  the  circumstance  of  its  being 

tftbe  Leeser  Asia;  trom  whence  she  re*  the  placeof  his  concealment;  fromtheverb 

■ored  to  Ctmue,  inltaly.  Carminii:  in  tho  lateo,    Janus,  who  was  then  king,  received 

KBse  of  vaHeinii.  him  with  hospitality,  and  made  him  partner 

5.  Magnus  ordo.  Some  suppose  that  the  in  his  kingdom.  Satum  employed  his  time 
poet  here  hath  roference  to  the  great  Plato-  in  civiliiing  his  subjecta,  teaching  thom  agri- 
■ie  jear ;  of  which  Claudius  sajs,  Ch.  1  culture,  and  the  several  arts  and  sciGnces. 
ef  tbe  sphere :  Omnia,  quaeunque  in  mundo  His  reign  was  so  mild,  so  beneficent  aiid 
fioil,  eodem  ordine  este  rediturOt  quh  nune  virtuous,  that  it  came  to  be  denominatcd  the 
tmnmgur.  This  would  embrace  the  period  GoldenAge^  to  intimate  the  happincKs  and 
of  2S,990  of  om  jears;  when  the  equinozes  tranquillitj  which  then  were  enjojed.  The 
viUhaveniadethecircuitoftheecliptic,and  Siher  Age  succeedod,  when  men  began  lo 
the  nme  stars,  which  deecribe  the  equator,  degenerate,  and  their  peace  to  be  disturbed 
tropict,  and  polar  circles,  bj  the  diumal  bj  feuds  and  animosities.  The  Branen  Age 
motiooof  the  earth,willdescribe  them  over  foUowed,  when  avarice  and  licentiousness 
ftfiui.  Ruaus,  however,  is  of  a  diflerent  took  possession  of  the  heart.  To  this  suc- 
opiaion,  and  verj  justlj  nnderstands  bj  ceededthe/ron.4ge,when  theworidbecame 
■opiut,  great  and  illustrious ;  impl jing  that  sunk  into  a  general  and  total  deprayitj. 
Uie  period  of  which  the  poet  spsjLe  as  then  These  four  ages  are  much  spoken  of  b j  the 
eommencinf,  should  be  distinguishcd  bj  poets,  but  particularlj  the  first.  Bj  this 
fKat  and  ilTustrious  characters.  Saelorum^  time  men  had  become  so  wicked  and  dege- 
^  fneope  for  taeulorum.  5«ruliim  properlj  nerate,  that  thej  were  all  destrojed  bj  a 
■ifmfies  the  period  of  a  hundred  jears.  delugo,  which  took  place  in  the  reign  of 
Itif  &iio  used  tu  denote  an  indefinite  period,  Deucalion,  king  of  Thessalj.  He  and  his 
it  io  the  preeent  instance.  wife  Pjrrha  were  the  onlj  sarviTors. 

6.  yirgo.  The  poet  here  means  Jittrcta^  8.  Fave  natcenti  puero :  favor,  or  be  pro- 
tiie  goddese  of  justice,  the  daughter  of  Ju-  pitious  to  the  infant  boj.  Jfateent  does  not 
piter  &nd  Themis.  See  nom.  prop.  under  refer  here  so  much  to  his  birth,  as  to  his  in- 
^reo.  Satumia  regna :  the  reign  of  Sa-  fant  vears.  As  Lueina  had  safel j  brought 
tern.  According  to  fable,  Satum  was  the  the  child  into  the  world,  it  is  the  desire  of 
MB  of  CeUut  and  TVrra,  or  yetta,  CobIus  the  poet  that  she  should  continue  her  atten- 
tmdaed  in  Tartanis  sll  his  sons,  ezcept  tion  and  regard  to  him  during  the  dangers 
BitQm;   who   with  the  assistance  of  his  of  infancj. 

■Mther^banished  his  Ather,  and  set  his  bro-        9.  Oent :  in  the  sense  of  atat. 
tkertat  libertj.     He  succeeded  to  the  king-         10.  Catta  Lueina.    Lucina  was  tlie  rod- 

Asm  bj  the  oonsent  of  his  brother  Titan,  on  dess  supposed  to  preside  over  child-bearinir, 

Ae  coadition  that  he  should  raise  no  male  and  called  Liictnafrom^f,because  throuj.  !i 

•Apring.     Ho   accordinglj  dovoured    his  her  means  children  were  brought  to  see  tJ  a 

MBi  as  soon  as  thej  were  born.     But  when  light.     This  office  was  attributed  both  to 

imtcr  was  bom,  his  wife  Rhea,  or  Ops,  un-  Juno  and  Diana ;  the  latter  of  wh.m  is  tho 

^iiliag  to  see  all  hcr  sons  periBh,  concealed  one  here  meant,  as  appears  from  Tknu  jam 

kim ;  fiving  to  her  husband  a  stone  in  room  regnat  ApoUo:   now  thj  Apoilo  reipos.— 

9t  the  chiid,  which  he  devoured,  without  Thin  hath  led  some  into  a  singularitj      Bj 

fctoferingthe cheat.    In  the same  waj  she  ApoUo  thej  would   understand  Augastus, 

pesenred  Neptune  and  Pluto.  and  bj  Lucina  his  sister  Octavia.     Virgil 

Titan  being  informed  that  his  brother  had  was  fond  of  complimmting  his  princc,  but 

beken  the  terms  of  their  contraot,  made  there  can  be  no  neoessitj  of  such  an  inter- 

virapon  him,  ind  made  both  him  and  his  pretation  here.     Rueus  under«tai\d«  \\  vA 

*i&  prisonrrs ;  thej  werOi  however,  soon  JipoUo  himself,  who  may  be  ea\d  \.o  vc\scu« 


S()  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

1 1.  Adei  hoc  decus  Teque  ade6  decus  hoc  sevi,  te  consule,  ini 

np*?r'**'^'^°**'""^*'  ^^^      *  ^^  incipient  magni  procedere  men 
U  roiiio.  rp^  duce,  si  qua  manent  sceleris  vestigia  n 

Irrita  perpetul  solvent  formidine  terras. 
lUe  DeOm  vitam  accipiet,  Divisque  videbit 
Permixtos  heroas,  et  ipse  videbitur  illis  : 
Pacatumque  reget  patriis  virtutibus  orbea 

NOTES. 

oocauso  it  18  now  manifest  that  his  predic-  as  magntu  ordo  melorum 

tions  are  true.     Apollo  was  the  god,  under  PoUio,    A  very  dlBtinguia 

whose  influence  the  Sil^U  were,  when  they  arrived  to  the  highest  hono 

prophesied,  or  gave  out  their  oracles.  could  bestow.     He  was^ap 

Apollo  was  the  son  of  Jupiter  and  Latona,  of  Hitpania  UUerior  by  Ji 

and  brother  o?  Diana.    Juno,  in  order  to  Bome  occasion  or  other,  bc 

vent  her  rage  against  Latona,  sent  the  ser-  Gaul,  he  became  acquai 

pent  Python^  to  vex  and  torment  her.     She  for  whom  ho  conceived  a 

was  unable  to  find  a  place  where  she  could  and  recommended  him  t 

be  delivered  of  hcr  children  in  peace,  till  wa«  then  at  Rome.     A  wi 

Neptune,  taking  pitj  on  her,  raised  the  island  ed  to  our  poet  for  the  recc 

Delos,  where  slie  was  safely  delivered  of  In  the  year  of  Rome,  71 

Apollo  and  Diana  at  a  birth.     As  soon  as  pointed  coneul,  and  in  tt 

he  wasborn,ApoIIosIewthe  scrpentP^/Aan,  he  triumphed  over  the  t 

from  which  circumstance  he  is  sometimes  of  Illyricum,  who  adherei 

called  Pythius,     He  was  accounted  the  god  Brutus  and  Cassius.    Ile 

of  medicine,  music,  poetry,  and  eloquence,  of  the  civil  wars,  and  wu 

all  of  which,  it  is  said,  he  invented.     His  orator.     He  died  in  the  ei{ 

8on  ^sculapius  being  killed  by  Jupiter  for  age,  and  in  the  year  of  R* 

raising  the  dead,  he  in  tum  slew  the  Cy-  13.  Siqua  veitigia^  iLC 

clops,  wbo  had  made  the  thundorbolt  that  alludes,  most  probably,  t 

•lew  him.     Jupiter  being  much  enraged  at  Laomedon,  king  of  Tro 

this.  piece  of  conduct,  banished  him  from  Trojans   attributed   their 

heaven,   and  deprived  him  of  his  dignity.  calamities.     See  Goor.  I. 

Ho   came  to  AdmetuSf  king  of  Thessaly,  civil  wars  which  were  ca 

and  hircd  himself  as  a  shepherd,  in  which  Ciesar  and  Pompey.    Or  1 

employment  he  served  nine  ycars.     Hence  of  Julius  Cesar,  who  wi 

he  is  somotimes  called  the  god  of  shepherds.  in  the  senate  house ;  whi( 

ApoIIo  was  amorous,  and  had  many  chil-  of  a  second  civil  war,  bet 

drcn.     His  worship  was  very  general.     At  Cassius  on  the  one  part,  i 

Delphi^  Delot^  Clarot^  Tenedos^  Patara^  &c.  Anthony   on  the  other. 

he-had  celebratod  oracles.     He  had  several  the  ruin  of  the  Republic. 

names :  Pythius^  already  mentioned ;  Deliut,  bliahment  of  the  Empire. 

from  the  island  Delot^  where  he  was  bom ;  14.  Irrita :  beiug  efiacc 

Cynthiut^  from   Cynlhut^  the  name  of  a  will  fne  the  earth,  ^c.    J 

mountain  on  the  same  island ;  Paan^  from  tivum,  and  rahu ;  agreeii 

a  Greek  word  which  signifies  to  strike,  or  15.  lUe  aecipiet  vitam: 

wound^inallusiontohisluIlin^thePython  ;  the  li(e  of  the  god8,&c. 

Delphieut^  fi^om  Delphi^  in  Phocis,  where  don  to  the  Golden  Age, 

he  had  his  most  famous  temple  and  oracle ;  say,  the  gods  had  familiai 

Clarut^  &c.     He  was  called  PAcc6t»,  or  Sol^  men,  and  dwelt  on  the  ea 

in  heaven.     There  were  several  among  the  period  was  again  about  t< 

ancients,   who   went  under   the   name   of  17.  Reget^  &c    He  shi 

ApoUo,     Cicero  mentions  three,  besides  the  Aii  world  by  hi«  father^s  i 

son  of  Jupiter  and  Latona.  that  the  child  should  an 

11.  Hoe  deeua  avi :  this  glory  of  the  age,  honorB  of  the  state,  that  ii 
i.  e.  this  glorious  age,  ihall  commence  in  your  sul.  Or,  he  shall  rule  the 
consulship.  peace  by  his  father^s  vir 

12.  Magni  mentet.  Servius  and  Pompo-  Miecenae  effected  a  recoi 
nius  think  we  are  to  understand  the  montha  Octavins  and  Anthony, 
of  July  and  August,  becauae  they  bore  the  of  a  lasting  peace.  Orbt 
namos  of  JuHut  and  Auguttut,  But  we  Roman  Empire ;  which,  i 
Bie  ondoubtedly  to  understand  the  magni  greatnesa,  comprehended 
mnuet  bere,  in  the  same  manner  and  sense  of  the  world  thal  waa  tlM 


BUCOUCA.    EGL.  IV, 


21 


At  tioi  priina^  puer,  nullo  munuscula  cultu, 
Emntes  hederas  passim  cum  baccare  tellus, 
Mixtaque  ridenti  colocasia.  fundet  acantho. 
I,»ss  lacte  domum  refcrent  distenta  capellce 
Ubera :  nec  magnos  metuent  armenta  leones. 
Ipsa  tibi  blandos  fundent  cunabula  flores  : 
Occidct  et  serpens,  et  fallax  herba  veneni 
Occidct :  Assyrium  vulg6  nascetur  amomum. 
At  siinul  heroum  laudes,  et  facta  parentis 
Jam  let^ere,  et  quae  sit  poteris  cognoscere  virtus : 
Molii  paulatim  flavescet  campus  arista, 
Inciiltisque  rubens  pendebit  sentibus  uva, 
Et  dune  quercus  sudabunt  roscida  mella  : 
Pauca  tamen  suberunt  priscae  vestigia  fraudis, 
Quc  tentare  Thetim  ratibus,  quse  cingere  muris 
Oppida,  quie  jubeant  telluri  intindere  sulcos. 
Alter  erit  tum  Tiphys,  et  altera  quae  vehat  Argo 
Deiectos  beroas  :  erunt  etiam  altera  bella, 
Atque  iterum  ad  Trojam  magnus  mittetur  Achilles. 
Hinc,  ubi  jam  firmata  virum  te  fecerit  setas, 
Cedet  et  ipse  mari  vector  :  nec  nautica  pinus 


18.  At  tellns  fimdet 
prima  monuscala  tibi, 
o/jO  paer,  nullo  culta, 
^  nempej  errantes  hedera» 
passim  cum  baccure, 
colucasia  que  mixta  ri- 
denti  acanibo. 


25 


26.  At  simul  jam  po- 
teris  legere  laudes  ne- 
roam,  et  facta  pareuttt 
•t 


SO 


32.  Q,u8e  jubeant  ho- 
mines  tentare  Tb^ltm 
ratibus ;  quae  juhcanl  iU 

^^los  cingere  oppida  muris; 

'^^et  quae  jubeant  iUos  i»- 
findere  sulcos  leDuri 


NOTES. 


19.  Baeeare,  Bacear,  a  8i%'eet  herb  called 
by  lome  ladies-glove  ;  by  otliers,  clown-tpike- 
wrd,  Coloeasia :  Egyptian  bcans.  Acan- 
th»:  the  beri>  called  btar^t'/oot.  It  has  a 
Mng  tnd  broad  lcaf. 

tL  Cunalmla  ipsa:  Ihe  cradlo  itaeK— 
t)t«  rery  CKidle.  Blandot :  in  the  Henso  of 
fitrKfutot.  y 

U.  Serpent  oecidei :  tho  serpcnt  shall  die. 
Thit  ii  a  very  romav4iable  passugo.  Tho 
Measiah  was  promisod  to  bruise  the  head  of 
the  terpeni^  Qcn.  Ch.  iii.  15th  verso.  Fallax 
kfrba  uneni  :  the  doceivin?  herb  of  poison 
■ii&Il  die— «very  herb  whoto  poisonous 
qulity  if  not  known.  For  if  it  were  known, 
no  person  woald  meddle  with  it,  and  con- 
Kquenlly  none  would  bo  deceivcd.  Amo' 
■nm.    Seo  Ecl.  iii.  B9. 

t^MolH:  rip«.  For  tho  fields  do  not 
frow  yellow  till  the  approach  of  harvost. 
^riita ;  com — an  ear  of  com. 

29.  Seniibut :  thom-bushofl. 

51.  Tamen  pauca^  &c.  We  may  here 
obfenre  the  several  gradations  of  tho  Gold- 
M  A^  With  the  birth  of  the  child  it 
comnieoced:  Cxmabula  fundent floret,  Du- 
ring  the  yearB  of  his  yoath,  the  oarth  is  to 
^%  forth  abundantJy.  Thcre  is  to  b6 
00  irint  of  any  Ihing :  Camput  Jlavetcet^ 
fct.  AIl  vestigeH  of  former  crimes,  howe- 
rer,  worc  not  done  away.  Somo  traccs  of 
tlw  Iron  A|^  wcre  to  be  visible  in  the  con- 
itfX  and  actions  of  iden  :  Quctjubeant^  k.c. 
B«i  when  he  has  arrived  to  years  of  full 
oiatQrity,  then  the  carth  is  to  produco  all 
Ain^  fpontaneously  :    Omnis  tellus  ftret 


omnia;  and  the  Golden  Ag^  is  to  appenr 
in  all  its  feliciiy  and  glory.  Praudis:  in 
the  sense  oisceltris. 

32.  T%etim.  Thelis,  a  goddess  of  ine  sea, 
the  daughter  of  Nerais  and  Dori$.  Jupiter 
fcU  in  love  wilh  her,  and  determincd  to 
marry  her;  bui  being  informed  by  Proine- 
theus  of  a  dlcree  of  tlie  fatcs,  ihat  she  5ht)uld 
bearasonwho  shonld  he  grealer  than  his 
father,  he  desisted  from  his  purpose.  Where- 
upon  Peleus,  king  of  Thessaly  took  her  to 
wile,  and  of  her  begat  Achillcs.  T^ctis^  be 
meton.  is  put  for  the  sea  in  this  place. 

3^1.  Tiphys.  The  namc  of  the  piloi  of  tbe 
ship  Argo.  It  was  so  called,  either  from 
ArguSf  ihe  archiiect ;  or  frum  Argivi,  Greeks, 
whom  it  carried.  It  was  built  at  Pegasa^  a 
promontoiy  and^own  of  Thessaly.  Hence 
sometimes  called  navis  Pegasna. 

3J>.  Dclectos  heroas:  chcven  heroes. — 
These  wcre  noble  Greeks,  chiefly  of  Tbe:^ 
saly.  Thcy  were  about  fifty  m  number, 
and  went  to  Colchis  in  the  ship  Arso^  lo 
bring  away  the  golden  fleece,  which  was 
CTiarded  by  a  dragon,  and  buHs  breathing 
nre.  Jason  commanded  the  expedition. 
Casfor,  PolluXj  Hcrculcs^  TJkscvs,  Orpheus^ 
Zites^  and  Calais  accompanied  him.  The 
crew  collectively  was  called  Argonauta, 
See  nom.  prop.  imder  Jason. 

3G.  AchiUcs — Trojam — Argo^Tiphvs.  • 
These  are  here  put  for  any  hero,  any  cly 
any  ship,  any  pih^t. 

dG.  Nec  nautica  pinus,  4»c    Nor  shall  the 
naval  pine  exchange  commodities — carry  on 
traflic.     JHnus  is  here  pui  for  a  ship  made 
of  ihat  Iree,  by  meton.     Vectar :  ihe  mar* 
ner.     Ccdet :  shall  leave.  or  aban^k^xi. 


fS  '  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Mutabit  merces :  omnis  feret  omnia  tellii 
Non  rastros  patietur  humus,  non  vinea  fi 
Robustus  quoque  jam  tauris  juga  solvet  fl 
Nec  varios  discet  mentiri  lana  colores  : 

43.  8«d  ariee  ipie  in  jpse  sed  in  pratis  aries  jam  suave  rubenti 
pratis  m^t*bit  vellora  Murice,  jam  croceo  mutabit  vellera  luto ; 
lice  jara^    ™    °     ™""  Sponte  sua  sandyx  pascentes  vesdet  agnc 

46.   P&rcs  concordea  Talia  ssecla  suis  dixerunt,  currite,  fiisis 
ftabili  numine  fatomm  Concordes  stabili  fatorum  numine  ParcaB 
dizerunt   euis  futis,  O  Aggredere,  6,  magnos,  aderit  jam  tempu 
talia  sfficla,  currite.    O  qj^^^  ^^^^  soboles,  magnum  Jovis  incr 
clara     soboles     Deum,  .      .  *     *  j  j 

magnum    incrementum  Aspice  convexo  nutantem  pondere  mund 

Jovis,  aggredere   mag-  Terrasque,  tractusque  maris,  coelumque 
nos  honores  Aspice  venturo  Isetentur  ut  omnia  saeclo. 

53.  O  ultima  pars  ()  mihi  tam  longse  maneat  pars  ultima  vi^ 
tam  \ongm  vit»  maneat  SpiritOs  et,  quantum  sat  erit  tua  dicere  fi 
""^tOm"'*''^  ■piriias»  jNJon  nie  carminibus  vincet,  nec  Thraciui 
^^^  Nec  Linus  :  huic  mater  quamvis,  atque 

Orphei  Calliopea,  Lino  formosus  Apollo 
Pan  etiam  Arcadia  mecum  si  judice  cert 
Pan  etiam  Arcadii  dicat  se  judice  victun 
Incipe,  parve  puer,  risu  cognoscere  mati 

NOTES. 

42  /Ama  diBcei^  &c    Nor  idiall  the  wool  ponderis^  and  connects  it 

leam  to  counterfeit  various  colors.  not  with  nuiarUem^  as  ; 

44.  Murue,    Murex,   a  sea-fish  of  the  For  he  observes,  that  it  i 
ihell  kind.    It  b  said  to  have  heen  of  great  earth  to  reel  to  and  firo  < 
use  among  the  ancients  for  dying  purple.  weight  or  ioad.     He  chi 
Hence,  by  meton.  put  for  the  %urple  color  understand  it  of  the  loi 
itself.      Croeeo :  an  adj.  from  croctiTtVt  or  misery :    mole  malorum, 
erocusy  safiVon.    L%Uo :  the  Lutum  was  an  rojoicmg  at  the  happy 
herb  used  in  dying  yellow.     Hence  the  color  introduced,  which  is  ex[ 
itself,  by  moton.    Modem  botanists  describe  line  :  omnia  kUentur  sacl 
it  under  the  name  of  luieola,  wild-woad,  plain  the  words,  aspice 
and  dyer^s  weed.      It  is  U8e.d   in  coloring  with  compassion  upon 
both  wool  and  silk.    Muiabit :  shall  tinge,  mole  malorum  vitiorum^ 
or  dye.  oppressed  with  a  load  oi 

45.  Sandyx :  the  scariet  color — ^vermilion.  Ut :  in  the  sense  of  ovot 

46.  FutiM :  to  their  spindles.  55.  JVVm  vineei,    Jfon 

47.  ParciB.  They  were  the  daughters  of  in  the  sense  of  nuUut, 
Erebus  and  NoiL,  and  said  to  be  three  in  me  in  singing,  neither  1 
number :  Clofho^  Laehetit^  and  Atropot.  56.  Ltnta.  He  was 
They  were  snpposed  to  preside  over  the  and  Terpsichore,  one  < 
hirth,  life,  and  death  of  mankind.  The  first  was  an  excellent  musici 
was  represented  as  presiding  over  the  mo-  tor  of  Orpheus  and  Hen 
ment  of  birth,  and  holding  a  distaff  in  her  have  been  killed  by  thi 
hand ;  the  second,  as  spinning  out  the  events  of  his  lyre,  because  he  1 
and  actions  of  human  life ;  the  last  as  cut-  ing.  ^uamvit  mater  ( 
ting  the  thread  of  it  with  a  pair  of  scissors.  Although  the  mother  Co 
They  were  considered  powerful  goddesses,  this  Orpheus ;  and  fair 
and  were  worsliipped  with  great  solemnity.  should  assist  this  Linua. 
SiabiH  numine :  in  the  ftzea  purpose  or  de-  dat.  of  Orpheut. 

eree.     Clara,     Some  copies  have   eara.-^  59.  Arcadi&judiee :  I 

Magnvm  ineremmtum :  great  son  of  Jove.  •  Arcadia  was  an  inland  < 

48.  Aggredere,     Ruaeus  says  aeeede,  ponnesus,  famous  for  it 
50.  Atpiee  miundum :  see  the  world  with  The  whole  of  it  was  m 

its  giobous  mass  or  load,  nodding  (reeling     Ecl.  iL  31. 

to  and  6*0)  both  the  land,  &c.     Dr.  Trapp        60.  Ritu  eof^notcertt 

takesctfnrexopotMferein  thosenseofconvfj^    bov«  to   know  thy  mo 


BUCOLICA.    ECL,  IV 


2A 


HCalri  longa  decem  tulenmt  &8tidia  menses. 
incipe,  parve  puer,  cui  non  risere  parentes, 
Kce  Deus  hunc  menB^,  Dea  nec  dignata  cubili  est. 

NOTES. 


6S.  Nee  Deoi  ifijgiui* 
hu  ut  huiBo  iiieos& 


\m  th«  lenM  which  Rimbiis  aod  10010 
gi¥o  to  ritu.  But  Dr.  Trapp  takes 
tt  otherwioe,  applying  it  to  the  boy.  Beirin 
Eo  know  and  acknowledge  thj  mother  by 
vxxmihng  on  her ;  as  a  kind  of  recomponee  for 
Lh«  pains  she  endured  for  thy  sake. 

01.  FoMlidia:  qualms,  aa  of  a  woman 
vaAh  child.  Longa:  tedious — without  in- 
liCnniMioa.  Deeem  mmtt»  :  ten  months 
brxMight  to  your  mother,  &c. 

C3.  Citt  parenie*  non  ritere^  tlc.  It  ig 
plmin  the  poet  here  inlendf  a  thieat  of  some 


kind  to  the  child.  Bui  upon  the  nature  or 
eztent  of  the  threat,  commentators  are  not 
agreed.  It  is  gonerally  thought  that  refe* 
rence  is  here^made  to  verse  15,  where  the 
babe  was  promisod  divine  honors :  iUe  ac' 
eipiet  vitam  Deorum ;  and  lest  he  should  fail 
of  it,  the  poet  urges  hlm  to  smile  upon  his 
parents,  that  in  tum  they  might  smile  upon 
him.  For,  on  whom  his  paronts  have  not 
smiled,  him  hath  a  god  noither  honoured 
with  his  table,  nor  a  goddess  with  her  bed. 
Thus  Dr.  Trapp. 


QUESTIONS. 


What  is  the  sabject  of  this  pastoral  ? 
1d  what  light  has  it  been  considered  by 


mef 

Aie  there  any  passagee  xn  it  which  have 
*  reaemblance  to  the  prophecies  of  our  Sa^ 
▼ioar,  as  contained  in  the  scriptures  ? 
Was  the  poet  diTinely  inspired  ? 
Abont  this  time  was  there  a  general  ex- 
p^ctation  of  the  Meesish^s  appearance  ? 
How  was  this  oocaaioned  i 
At  whst  age  did  the  son  of  Pollio  4io  ? 
Uow  many  years  before    the    birth  of 
Chrisl? 

De  pome  soppoee  the  poet  celebrates  the 
Miof  IfarceUus? 
Who  was  this  Marcellus?    To  what  ago 
didhsUve? 
WKo  were  the  Slbvls?    How  many  does 
Vino  mentioo  ?    Of  theea,  irhieh  was  the 
M4btinffoished? 
Wbira  dU  ibe  mld«  f 


What  does  Justin  Martyr  say  oi  her  resl- 
dence  ? 

^Vho  was  Saturn  ?    What  is  said  of  him : 

Whence  did  Latium  derive  its  name  ? 

How  did  Satum  employ  his  time  aftet 
his  banishment  to.Italy  ? 

How  many  ages  do  the  poets  mention  be> 
fore  the  deluge  in  the  reign  of  Deucalion  ? 

Describe  those  ages  ? 

Who  was  Apollo  ?    What  is  said  of  him  ? 

-For  what  washe  banished  from  heaven? 
Whatdidhethondo? 

Where  wore  his  most  colebrated  oraclee  ? 
Wh&t  were  his  names  ? 

Who  was  PoUio  ?  To  what  hooors  did 
he  arrive  ? 

Was  it  through  his  means  that  Virgil  re- 
covered  his  land  ?    In  what  way  ? 

To  what  ago  did  he  live  ? 

Who  v^ere  the  Parce?  How  many  m 
nomber?    What  wae  their  sappoeed  oOoe  f 


/ 


ECIiOGA  QUENTTA. 


MENALGAS,  MOPSUS. 

Tu  sabjeet  of  this  excellent  pastoral  is  the  death  pf  some  eminent 
character  of  Daphnis.  But  conceming  the  person  intended,  there  1 
conjectares.  It  is  most  probable  the  poet  had  in  view  Julius  Caesar, 
die  senate-hoose  by  Brutus,  and  ailerwards  enrolled  among  the  Ro 
Menalcas,  wc  are  to  undcrstand  Virgil;  and  by  Mopsus,  some  poet  c 
probably  had  been  Viigirs  pupil. 

Rdseiis  thmks  it  was  writtcn  wnen  some  games  or  sacrifices  were  peri 
CsBsar.  The  scene  is  beautiful,  and  adapted  to  the  subject.  The  sh 
Tcidant  grass  in  the  awful  gloom  of  a  grotto,  overhung  with  wild  vin 
is  properiy  divided  into  two  parts — the  Lamentation  at  his  death,  and 
Apotheosis. 

I.  O  Mopse,  quoniam     Me.  CUR  non,  Mopse,  boni  quoniam  cc 

mu    conrenimus    und,  ^    calamos  inflare  leves,  ego  dicere  ver 
ombo   bom;    tu    boMts  ..^  ,.        •.•.*!•  i 

inflare    leves   calamos,  Hic  corylis  mixtas  inter  consedimns  ulm 

tgo  bonus  dicere  versus]      Mo.  Tu  major:  tibi  me  estsquum  pai 

cur  non  consedimus  hic  give  sub  incertas  Zephyris  motantibus  ui 

bterulmosmijtias  cory-  g^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^^  succedimus:  aspice,  ut 

6.  Sub   imus  umbras  Sylvestris  raris  sparsit  labrusca  racemis, 

incertas  motaniibus,  Me.  Montibus  in  nostris  solus  tibi  cer 

6.  Aspice  ut   sylves-      ^q^  Quij  gj  idem  certot  Phcebum  sup 

"^.  ldl^7Jv'^'Lnei      Me.  Incipe,  Mopse,  prior,  si  quos  aut 

Aut  Alconis  habes  laudes,  aut  jurgia  Co( 

NOTES. 

1.  Bonix-  skiltul— expert.    An  adj.  agree-  tree,  it  put  forth  ieaves. 

isg  with  ?M»5,  understood.  love  j  also  the  object  love 

.    __  .        _,         _  1       ij            s^  11.  Alconis,    Gen.  of  i 

i.  MajoT,    Thou  art  the  older:  or  it  may  ^rcher  of  Crete.    He  ai 

mean,  my  supenor,  m  smgmg.  ^^uly  at  a   serpent,   ent^ 

6.  Utnhras:  shades.  By  meton.  put  for  body  of  his  son  that  he  1 
Che  trees  causing  them.  Incertas:  waving—  mjunng  the  child.  Jurgx 
moving  to  and  fro.  oj  contentions  of  Codrus, 

°  of  Menander,  and  the  las 

7.  Sylvestris  labrusca.  Simply,  the  wild  In  a  war  with  the  Lace 
vine.    Raris  raceviis :  with  thin  bunches  of  given  out  by  an  oracle  tl 

Sapes — its    bunches   scattered    here    and  be  «n  that  side,  whose  k 

ere.  the  mean  time  the  enem 

10.  j^  habes  a^d  qnos  ignes:  if  you  have  charge    not  to    hurt   th< 

either  any  loves  of  Phyllis,  or  &c.     She  Being  informed  of  this,  a 

was  the  daughter  of   Lycurgus,   king    of  oracle  had  given  out,  ( 

Thrace,  and  fell  in  love  with   Demophoon,  habit  of  a  peasant,  went 

the  son  of  Theseus,  king  of  Athens,  on  his  raised  a  quarrel,  and  suf5 

retum  from  the  Trojan  war.      He  went  slain.    As  soon  as  this  w 

home  to  settle  some  business,  and  tarrying  cedemonians  werc    panii 

longer  than  the  time    appointed  for   their  Athenians   obtaincd    a 

nuptials,  Phyllis.  imagining  herself  neglect-  This  noble  sacrifice  of  hi 

ed,  hung  herseli,  and  was  changed  into  a  of  his  countr>'',  so  endei 

leafless   almond-tree.      Demophoon    after-  them,  that  they  consider^ 

\  ards  retumed   and  on  IJs  embracing  the  to  succeed  hlnL 


BUCOLICA.     ECL.  V.  2S 

liKJ)ie:  pascentes  servabit  Tityms  hGDdos.  iS.Iminftezp6n&rh8M 

A!o.  Immd  h»c,  in  viridi  nuper  quae  cortice  fagi  cannina,  qu»  nuper  de*. 

Oumina  descnpsL,  et  modulans  alterna  notavi,  **"{*"  Jabeto  tu  Amyn 

iSipenar  :  tu  deinde  jubeto  certet  Amyntas.  l^  tas  certei  meeum 

Ms.  Lenta  salix  quantum  pallenti  cedit  olivaB, 
Puniceis  humilis  quantum  saliunca  rosetis  : 
Jodicio  nostro  tantum  tibi  cedit  Amyntas. 

Mo.  Sed  tu  desine  plura,  puer :  successimus  antro.  19.  Deiine  ioqui  plora 

Extinctum  Nymphs  crudeli  funere  Daphnim  20  ^^^ 

Flebant :  vos  coryli  testes  et  flumina  Nymphis  :  21.  Vos,  O  eoryii  et 

Cum,  coraplexa  sui  ccrpus  miserabile  nati,  flumina    /uisiu    teelet 

Atque  Deos  atque  astra  vocat  Qjridelia  mater.  ^   '^     * 
Non  nlli  pastos  illis  eg^re  diebus 

Fiigida,  Daphni,  boves  ad  flumina  :  nulla  neque  amnem      25.   O  Daphni,   noa 

Ubtvil  quadrupes,  nec  graminis  atligit  herbam.  26  "^J  poitortt  egere  pu- 

Diphni,  tuum  Pojnos  etiam  ingemuisse  leones  ^^  boves 

iDtmtum,  montesque  feri  sylvfeque  loquuntur.  2«.   Ferique   montofli 

Daphnit  et  Arroenias  curru  subjungere  tigres  ■ylviBque       loquuntur, 

InBtituit :  Daphnis  thiasos  inducere  Baccho,  ^^  *  30™  DaphniiT^^urftAMl 

Et  foiiis  lentas  intexere  mollibus  hastas.  inducere 
Vitii  ut  arboribuB  decori  est,  ut  vitibus  uvae. 


NOTEa 

15.  Modulant  aiiema  notavi:  tuning,  or  jteiendo  Rubieone  Jlumine  eonteermrat^  m 

■finf  Ihem  alteniate,  I  wrote  them  down.  vafros  et  tine  eutlode  dimistraiy  eomperit  per» 

ttptriar :  I  wlll  try — attempt.     Carmina :  tinacistimi    pabulo    abstinere^   ubertim^pa 

VWHL  JUre,     In  this  case,  by  quadrupet^  we  are  to 

]?.  SaUunea :  the  herb  lavender.    Puni'  undorstand  equut,  a  horse.     Libavit :  drank 

eeuntetit:  to  red  rose-bed^:  or  by  meton.  — tasted. 

tlMredroee.     Ptm»c«u<,  ifometimes  written  27.  Poeno^  ^on««.*  African  liona.    Pvnot: 

Pkniteus^  an  adj.  from  Phttnicia^  a  coun-  in  thesense  of  Punieos^  vtl  Afrieanos.    Car- 

3f  Iring   along  the  eastem   shore  of  the  thage  was  the  principal  city  of  Africa.— 

editerranean,  including  Tyre  and  Sidon,  Hence  by  synec.  it  may  be  put  for  Africa  in 

^■1001  for  ite   purple  or  red  color.     The  general.     Being  founded  by  a  colony  froro 

■me   word    ia    used   for  an  inhabitant  of  Phanieia^  itb  inhabitants  were  callcd  Pasnt, 

Ctrthage,  because  that  city  was  foundcd  by  as  well  as  Carthaginienset.     These  lions  are 

t  coioDy  from  Tyre,  or  Phcenicia.  mentioned,  either   because   they  were  the 

10.  Dap^nnii  erlifie/um :  Daphnis  slain,  or  most  savage,  or  because  Africa  abounded 

cst  off  by  a  cruel   death.      This  circum-  in  lioua,  and  uther  savago  beants. 

itaaoeai^liee  very  well  to  the  caseof  Julius  28.  Inttritum:   in  the  scnse  of  mortetn, 

Cmu.  who  was  ilain  unezpectedly,  receiv-  Feri :  wild — uncultivated. 

(■K  Do  leae  th&n  twenty-three  wounds  with  29.  Armeniat :  an  adj.  from  Armtnia^  an 

tkiidamr.  extensive   country  of  Asia,  abouuding   in 

&  Cuaiina/errempiera:  whenthomother  tigcrs.     Curru^  for  eurrui^  the   dat.   case. 

nbneing,  &c.     Cerdanua  understands  by  NoUns  of  the  fourth  declension  soinetimes 

Mter  the  wife  of  Cesar,  who  a  little  be-  formed  the  gcn.  in  uit^  and  when  the  gen. 

ftn  hia  death  dreamed   her   husband  was  was  contractcd  into  tb,  the  daU  was  Hoine* 

itibbed  in  his  breast.     Rueus  understands  tiines  contracted  into  u.     Many  inMtancea 

Itoaie,  and  Dr.  Martyn  Venus.     Vocat^  Slc.  of  this  contraction  we  find   in   Virgil  and 

8he  caUs   the   gods   and  stars  cruel — she  other  writers. 

^Ufflet  the  goda  and  cruel  stars.      Vocaty  30.  T}>tasos»    Thiasus,  a  kind  of  d&nGS. 

Dr*  Trapp   takes  for  voeabai^  where   the  The  word  is  of  Greek  origin. 

Ktte  cridently  determines  it.  31.  Intextrt  ItrUas  hatlat^  &c.    To  wreath* 

2&  Amnem:  in  the  •enee  of  aquam.  or  entwine  limber  spears,  &c.    Ruibus  inter- 

28.  yuila  quadrupet.     Rucus  thinks  the  prets  inttxtrty  by  indutrt, 

MoC  liath  in  hia  view  a  passage  in  Sucto-  32.  Ut  vitit  tst  duori  arborilnu :   aa  th^ 

■tos.     Speaking  of   the    prodigies    which  vine  is  for  an  ornamcnt  to  the  trees,  a-n  tho 

fnndf4    the   death^of   Ciesar,   he   says :  grapes,  &c.     The  words  tunt  dti:ori  are  Ui 

Pyaiuau  dirhut  tquo  ^tmgreget^  quot  in  trO'  bn  s^jippliod. 


«6  P.  VIKGILJJ  MARONIS 

Ut  gregibus  tauri,  segetcs  ut  pinguibus  . 

34.  ^  tu  eru$  omne  Tu  decus  omne  tuis :  postquam  te  fata  ^ 

^^oua  tuis  ipga  pales  agros,  atcjue  ipse  reliquit  Ap 

30    /n  sulciB,  quibns  Grandia  ssepe  quibus  mandavimus  hord( 

inuKlavimuB      grandia  Infelix  iolium,  et  steriles  nascuntur  avei 

hordea,Bspe  -pio  molli  vioL^,  pro  purpur^o  narcisso, 

Carduus  et  spmis  surgit  paliurus  acutis. 

Spargite  humum  foliis  ;  inducite  fontibii 

Pastores :  mandat  fieri  sibi  talia  Daphni 

Et  tumulum  facite,  et  tumuio  superaddii 

43.  £^  Daphnia  ja-^  Daphnis  ego  in  sylvis,  hinc  usque  ad  sid 

no  Ak  in  sylvis,  notuti  pQruiosj  pecoris  cu8tos,-^rmosior  ipse. 

™®  •  Mb.  Tale  tuum  carmen  nobis,  diviiie 

Quale  sopor  fessis  in  gramine ;  quale  p 
Dulcis  aquse  sahente  sitim  restinguere  i 
Nec  calamis  solum  asquiparas,  sed  voce 
Fortunate  puer,  tu  nunc  eris  alter  ab  ill 
50.  Tamen  noe  dice-  Nos  tamen  hasc  quocunciue  modo  tibi  n 
muB  haBcnostra  earmifM  Dicemus  ;   Daphninque  tuum  tollemus  c 

Daphuin  ad  astra  feremus  :  amavit  nos  < 

Mo.  An  quicquam  nobis  tah  sit  mua 

Et  puer  ipse  fuit  cantari  dignus,  et  ista 

Jampridem  Stimicon  laudavit  carmina  i 

Me.  Candidus  insuetum  miratur  hmi 

Sub  pedibusque  videt  nubes  et  sidera  D 

58.  Ergo  alacris  vo-  Ergd  aiacris  sylvas  et  cstera  nira  voluj 

raptas  tenet  aylvas         Panaque,  pastoresque  tenet,  Dryadasqu 

NOTES. 

34.  7\i  omne  deeus  tui» :  so  thou  wast  all  49.  Mer  ab  iUo :  the 
whe  ornamont  to  thy  friends.  Tuis :  to  thy  next  in  fame  afler  him. 
fellow  Bwains.  Vir^l  represents  Daphnis,  50.  ^uocunque  modo . 
whoever  he  bo,  as  a  swain  and  shcpherd.  other — as  well  as  I  can. 

35.  FcUes.  See  Geor.  iii.  1.  ^pollo.  He  52.  Daphnu^  &c.  A 
is  considered  here  undor  the  character  of  stand  Virgil  under  the  > 
the  god  of  shepherds.     Sqe  Ecl.  iv.  10.  cas,  it  is  urged  that  Da] 

J6.  Hordea :  barley,  here  put  for  any  kind  lius  CiBsar,  because  Vir; 

o^  grain ;  the  spedet  for  the  genus.  in  his  time.     But  Ruei 

37.  Infelix  lolium:  the  hurtful  cockle.  Maniuans  in  general,  y 

38.  jfarcitso :  the  flower  Jfareisnu^  of  inhabitants  of  Cis-alpii 
which  there  are  two  kinds,  tlie  white  and  rished  and  protected  by 
the  purple.     See  Ecl.  ii.  46.  53.  An  quiequam  m 

39.  Carduus :   the  thistle.     Paliurus :   a  thing  more  acceptable 
species  of  thorn.     It  abounds  in  Italy.  such  an  employment  .^' 

42.  Carmen :  an  epitapn,  or  inscription.  54.  Puer  ipse,     Senr 

45.  Tale   luum   earmen,     The    elegnnce  that  Daphnis  cannot  be 

and  sweetness  of  this  and  the  two  following  he  was  56  years  old  ? 

hnes  are  nut  to  be  equalled,  unless  by  tho  Rusus  undorstands  it 

Bnfiw«r,  which  Mopsus  retums  in  verse  82,  enrolled  among  tho  gfo 

et  sequens.     Esf  is  to  be  supplied.  unnecessary  rofinemenl 

47.  Restinguere^  &c.  To  allay  thirst  in  of  Servius  will  be  of  n* 
a  purhng  nvulet  of  sweet  water  in  tlie  sum-  considered  that  Virgil 
mer  heat.  This  ii  a  most  beautiful  com-  under  the  character  of  i 
parison.  Nothing  could  give  a  livelier  idea  See  43  and  44«  supra ;  i 
of  the  charmi  of  hii  muiuc,  and  the  melody  generally  used  to  denot 
of  his  song.  56.  Candidus:  white 

48.  Magistntm :  tho  master.  It  appears  This  is  aii  emblem  of  di 
from  thit,  that  Mopsus  had  been  a  pupil  of  the  color  assigned  to  t 
Menatcas,  and  much  esteemed  by  him.  black  is  to  the  mfemal 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  V.  27 

Nec  lupus  insidias  peeori,  nec  retia  cervis          ^  60     ^  Ui^Bmeiiiuuvr 

(JDadolum  meditantur :  aniat  bonus  otia  DapbniB.  63.  Jam    rupei    iom 

Ifd  Jctitii  Yoces  ad  lidera  jactant  Mnant    c&nmni;  'iam 

ktoud  montei :  ipm  iam  carmina  nipoa ;  5f^*  ipaa  fonfliit  A#ff  j 

Ipn  sonant  arbinta :  Deus,  Deus  ille,  Menalca.  S«  /•?  W    ^ 

8ii  bonus,  6  feiixque  tuis  !  en  quatuor  aras  :  65     ^^  £„  fuLg^  qoatuor 

Ecce  duas  tibi,  Daphni,  duoque  aitaria  Phoebo.  aras :  ecce  atpiee  duas 

Poeak  bina  no?o  spumantia  lacte  quolannis,  orM  tibi 

Cnterasque  duoe  statuam  tibi  pinguis  oiivi.  f-  Sutuam  bina  po- 

Eimolto  imprimis  hiUuans  convivia  Baccho,  S^  JSZIi;**'    "''''^ 

Ante  focum,  n  frigus  ent ;  si  messis,  m  umbrB)  70 

NOTES. 

•ut  of  tnmeteo^  unaocustomed,  referring  to  acknowledge  hia  divinity,  and  forbade  his 

Us  beinf  but  latel?  deified.  Lymen  Olynqn  :  ■ubjects  to  pay  adoration  to  him ;  and  even 

tbs  thrMhold  of  heaven.     Tnere  were  ee-  ordered  Bacchus  himself  to  be  seizcd  and 

mil  Dountainfl  bji  tho  name  of  Olympui.  cast  into  prison.     But  the    doors  opened 

Tht  moat  dietingiiiahedi  however,  waa  one  of  thcir  own  accord,  aa  if  refuaing  to  con- 

ii  ThMaalj,  near  the  oonfinea  of  Macedo-  tain  him  a  prisoner.     Whereupon  the  kinf 

■a;tk»topof  whicharoeeabovetheclouda.  beeame  enraged,  and   ordered   the  whole 

HcQoe  tbe  poota  feigned  it  to  be  heaven,  the  band  of  Bacchanals  to  be  deatroyed.    But 

Mt  of  the  gods.  this  waa  not  carried  into  effect.    Pentheus 

60.  hitidia» :  plots.  Thia  word  hath  no  became  desiroue  to  aee  the  celebration  oi 
■agular.  Reiim :  nou.  plu.  toila — anarea.  tlie  Orgiee,  or  feaata  of  Bacchus.  For  thia 
Meiilmifhir :  deviae,  or  prepare.  purpoee,  he  concealed  himeelf  on  mount 

61.  Amal  oIm,  ka»  This  expreeaion  aeema  Citheron,  whence  he  could  aee  all  their  ce» 
ta  illade  to  the  ciemencj  of  Ceaar  toward  remoniea.  But  bein|^  discovered,  the  Bac- 
iiiwttemiea,  for  which  he  ia  mnch  oelebrated  chanals  fell  upon  him.  Hia  mother  was 
bj  Cicero  and  otherB.  the  firat  who  attacked  him,  and  waa  follow- 

62.  Jaeiant :  in  the  aense  of  emt/fiisil.  ed  b'y  her  two  sbters,  Ino  and  A%Uone^  who 

63.  Iniomi  :  uncultivated — wild.  immediately  tore  him  in  pieces.    See  Ovid 
64  Deut  iUe»    Divine  honors  were  de-    Met.  Lib.  2L 

^J^^V'';^?  .""n"."'-'"  Silenurthe  preceptor  of  Bacchu.;  wi,o 
^  T^nJ?^^  tlu.  Ume,  Ocuviu.  desired  him  to  aJk  anj  thing  be  might 
k.ru.tobec*ll^the«,nof  agod  ,  „j  .^  ,,,^j  ^        8^^^  ^^^_ 

kl^.tI?tL-lfUL  -i^^I.       iT^      Whereupon»ho   wlied  that  whaterer  h. 

t^^^K^XL^t^c^^    -1?''^  '-<=•'  '"r  ^  -verted  into  ,o.d. 

2^ujo^7«,n.i.dy.  iw^.-propi-  j^-rf  ep^dL^u^^i^rforhr.?::^ 

so     ^ .  «^^  ^i..  ^^-^j-«     1  becameirold  in  his  mouth,  and  he  was  on 

^    ^^^-in^^^^^J^^n^""^    thepointofperishingwithhunger,whenhe 

m.    HiiaranBamoma^L.    Cheering  or  jeadily  did  «>,  and  directed  him  to  waah  in 

•Oing  meny  the  foasU  with  much^*e.  the  nver  ^«^to/to,  whose  sands  were  con- 

^ech^thegod  of  wine,  was  the  son  of  ^«ted  mto  gold. 

iapiter  and  Semele.    He  was  educated,  ac-        The  festxvals  of  Baechus,  called  Orgia^ 

Midin^  to  some,  in  the  island  of  Jfaxtu^  Bacehanalia^  or  Dyonisia^  were  introducod 

m  orthe  Cydades,  under  the  care  of  the  into  Greece  by  Danaus  and  his  daughters, 

ijmphs  Phiua,  Coronia,  and  Clyda ;    and  from  Egypt.     The  panther  was  sacred  to 

*hile  asleep  was  carried  off  by  some  mari-  him,  because  in  his  ezpedition  to  Indta,  he 

■m,  all  of  whom  he  changed  into  dolphins,  was  covered  with  the  skin  of  that  animaL 

tieept  the  pflot,  who  showed  him  some  ten-  The  fir-tree,  the  yew-tree,  the  fig-tree,  the 

dsasBB  aad  regard.    Bacchus  is  celebrated  ivy,  and  the  vine,  were  all  saered  to  him 

•i  a  warrior.    Ho  marched  into  India  at  Baechus  had  several  names :  lAber^  Bro 

Ib  head  of  a  laifo  anny  eomposed  of  men  imia,  Lymu^  Evan^  Thryonmu^  JaeehMt^  Aeo. 

isd  women,  all  inspired  with  a  divine  fury,  He  is  represented  as  drawn  in  a  chariot  l^  a 

lad  aiiBod  with  the  ihymu^  eymbai^  &c.  tiger  and  a  lion,  accompanied  by  Pan,  SUe. 

conqnsets  were  easy — ^the  people  sub-  nus,  and  the  other  satyrs.  Baeehut,  by  mo- 

' —  vhanrver  be  eame,  without  resist-  ton.  is  frequently  put  for  wnitx  la  iii\!ba 

Feathei»,  king  of  Tliebes,  reftised  to  present  case. 


«8  P,  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

71«  Arvina  vlna  ^ua  Vina  novum  dmdam  calathis  Arviaia  n 
•"^^*  Cantabunt  mihi  Damoetas,  et  Lyctius  . 

79.  Ut  AgricolB  fk-  Saltantes  Satyros  imitabitur  AlphesibQ 
dmt  vota  quotannii  HflBC  tibi  semper  erunt ;  et  cum  soleni 
Baccho   Cererique,  uo  Reddemus  Nymphis,  et  cum  lustrabim 

Qt'^i^  ^*'  ,  Dum  juga  montis  aper,  fluvios  dum  pi 
reddam  Dumque  thymo  pascentur  apes,  dum  r 

82.  Nam  neque  libi-  Semper  honos,  nomenque  tuum,  laude 
lus  venientis  Austri  ju-  Ut  Baccho  Cererique,  tibi  sic  vota  qu< 
ro/metantiim;neclitora  Agricol»  facient :  damnabis  tu  quoqw 
percussa  fluctu  Um  ju-      ^^   q^^  ^y^^  ^^i  reddam  pro 

vant  me;   nec   flununa  «t  *     **  •     .•      T'! 

qu»  decurrunt  inter  ^*"™  ^^^^^  °^®  tantum  vementis  sibilu 
sazosas  valles,  iam  jv^  Nec  percussa  juvant  fluctu  tam  litora, 
varu  me.  Saxosas  inter  decurrunt  flumina  valles 

NOTES. 

71.  Arvuia  vxna :  Chian  wine.  Arvitia :  ration  of  hee  darling  c 
an  adj.  from  Arvinu^  a  promontorj  of  the  to  reconcile  her  to  Pl 
bland  Chios,  in  the  Archipelago,  famout  for  but  to  no  purpose.  A 
its  good  wine.  Jfovtm  nectar :  nectar  waa  that  she  thould  be  re 
properly  any  kind  of  pleasant  wine,  or  had  eaten  nothing  in  t 
other  liquor.  Hence  the  poets  feigned  it  to  ravisher.  Ceres  repa 
be  the  drink  of  the  gode.  ^otTum :  good —  the  infemal  regions, 
excellent.  The  wine  here  offered  wan  to  eaten  the  leedB  of  a  p 
be  aa  good  ae  nectar — good  or  excellent  the  Elysian  ficlds.  I 
nectar.     See  Ecl.  iii.  66.  was  imposaible  :  but  J 

72.  Lyettui  :  an  adj.  from  Lyehu^  a  city  «he  might  pass  siz  mo 
of  Crete.  her  mother  on  earth 

73.  Saltantes  Satyrot:  leaping  or  wonton  ^*^  Pluto. 

■atyni.     The  Satyri  were  demi-gods  of  tlie  During  all  this  time. 

country,  the  origin  of  whom  is  not   well  earth  had  been  neglo 

known.     They  were  of  a  hideous   form,  loss  which  mankind 

and  generally  distinguished  themselves  by  sence,  Ceres  went  to  J 

their  riotous  and  wanton  demeanor  in  the  Triptolemtit^  the  son  < 

orgies  of  Bacchus,  which  they  generally  at-  pertained  to  agricultu] 

tended.     The  Romans  called   them  indis-  Ceres  is  suppoped  t 

criminately    Fauni,    Panety  hnd  ajfimni,  Egyptian /m,  and  hei 

Alphetiboius,     See  EcL  8.  brought  into  Greece 

75.  Luttrabimut,    Luttro  may  here  be  1426  years  before  Chr 

taken  in  the  sense  of  eircumeo^  to  go  around  to  bo  Uie  same  as  Tellu 

or  encompass  ;  or  of /mrgo,  to  cleanse  or  &c.  The  Roraans  paic 

purify  by  sacrifice  ;  or  it  may  comprehend  and  her  festivais  werc 

both.     For  it  is  agreed  by  all,  that  the  poet  for  eight  days  in  the  in 

liath  a  rcference  to  what  is  callcd  tho  satri-  by  meton.  is  oflen  put 

Jieium  ambervale^  apoken  of  Geor.  i.  345,  ©a    r»          k-    §»    i 

which  see.     Circumimut  eampo$  cum  hostia,  ^.   ^  ^u   ""1     ,J*  ."^  * 

aays  Ruieus.    Reddemut:  in  the  sense  of  ^}''^  ^^®"^,*^  T^fu   '''' 

totvemut,  ^?  ,^^^";f^«.  ^^  ^?"^' 

_^    ^       .       -,  ^,  . ,  ^  pnoty  of  thiB  mode  o 

79.  Cereru     Ceret  was^e    goddesa  of  ^ear,  when  it  is  consi^ 

husbandry,  the  daughter  of  Saturn  and  Ops,  ^y^^  ^^^d  any  thing 

and  mother  pf  Proserpme  by  Jupiter,. whom  j^  ^^^  directly,  promi 

Pluto  carried  off  whUe  she  was  gathenng  ^^.      ^^  ^gturn ;  and 

flowers  iu  the  plains   of^^Enna,  in  Sicily.  ^anlcd,  then  he  beci 

The  Io88  was  gnevous  to  Ceres,  who  sought  Judicially  bound  lo  th. 

ber  ^lh  day  and  night;   when  at  lcngth  '^^^^  ^r  vow.     Ar 

aho  found   her  veil  near  the   fountam  of  ^^^^j  ^^ion 

Cvane.     She  could  oblain  no  informalion  f^  condcmn,  or  bind  U 

of  her  daughter,  till  the  nymph  Arelhusa  y^y^y^ 
told  her  tlial  ahe  was  carried  off  by  Pluto. 

Upon    this,  she  immediately  aseendcd  to         82.   Sibilut:  the  wl 

heaven,  and  demanded  of  Jupiterthe  resto-  aouth  wiod. 


BUCOUCA.    ECL,  V. 


Mi.  nic  te  no0  fragili  donabimus  ante  cicut&.  86     ^($;  Htec  eadem  eictaa 

Ek  no6,  Formosum  Corydon  ardebat  Alexim  :  docuii  no«, 

Rec  eadem  docuit,  Cujum  pecus  ?  an  Melibuii  ?  ^-  S»^«  .1^«°>  ^ 

Mo.  At  tu  sume  pedum,  quod,  me  cum  sape  rogaret,  Squr»rJ!^i"c^  Anti. 

Non  tulit  Antigenes  (et  erat  tum  dignus  araan)  gi„eg  „00    mjjt^    ^.^n, 

Fonnusum  paribus  nodis  atque  ere,  Menalca.  90  sepe  rogaret  me,  et 

NOTES. 


tfi  Jfm  dtnabimus:  I  will  present  thee 
fliui  this,  &c  Cituta  :  properlj  a  pipe 
udt  of  the  ■t&lk  of  the  hemlock.  8ee 
EdLia 

81  Ume  eadem  doemt :  this  same  pipe 
tn|ht  me :  /ormontm  Corydon^  kc.  i.  e.  with 
Ikiiiame  pipe  I  sang  the  tecond  Eclogue. 
Bot^oeuit :  thu  same  taught  me  :  Cujum 


pecui?  L  e.  with  this  same  pipe  I  eang  tht 
third  Edogue. 

88.  Sume  pedum:  take  thie  crook,  ae  a 
tostimony  of  mj  regard. 

90.  Formonan :  beautified  with  equal  knolM 
and  brass — with  knobt  at  equal  distancee  : 
or  uniform,  in  regard  to  size. 


QUE8TI0N8. 


Wtat  is  the  sabject  of  this  pastoral  ? 
Wbo  probably  is  meant  bv  Daphnis  ? 
Wko  is  to  be  nnderstood  under  the  cha- 
■dcr  of  Menalcas?    Who  under  that  of 


When  doee  Rueus  suppose  it  to  haTO 
km  written .' 
Where  is  tlie  ocene  laid  ? 
hlo  iMnr  many  parts  is  the  pastoral  di- 


Who  waa  AIooA?  and  what  is  said  of 

Who  WM  Codnmf  and  what  is  said  of 
lh> 

Wko  wae  Baoehiie  ?.  Whal  is  nid  of  him? 
Wkii  wwB  hie  ftetiTmb  caUed? 


By  whom  were  thej  introduced  mtc 
Greece  ?  and  from  what  coimtrir  ? 

What  were  liis  votarios  called  ? 

What  were  some  of  Uio  names  of  Bacchusr 

How  is  he  represented  as  drawn  ? 

What  is  the  word  Bacchus  frequentlj 
usod  for? 

Who  were  the  Satyri?     How  did  thej 
distinguish  themselves  ? 
Who  was  Ceree  ?    What  is  said  of  her  ? 

Is  she  supposed  to  be  the  same  with  thi 
Egjptian  Int  f 

By  whom  was  her  worahip  intfndnued 
into  Greece  ?  and  at  what  time? 

When  were  her  festiYals  oelebrmlid  > 


ECL06A  SEXTA. 


SILENUS. 

Thk  sabjeet  uf  this  fioe  pastoral  is  Silenns.  He  had  promiMd  tlie  i 
MnanluB  h.  song;  but  had  put  it  off  frora  time  to  time.  Wearied 
eurphsed  him  asleep  in  his  grotto,  just  recovering  from  his  intoxica 
lay  at  some  dittance  from  him :  with  these  they  bind  him  fast;  i 
they  demand  of  him  the  fiilfil^ient  of  his  promise.  At  this  momei 
nymphs,  joins  them.  Upon  which  he  begins,  and  explains  to  thi 
world  upon  the  principles  of  the  Epicurean  philosophy;  and  eoii 
interesting  fables  by  way  of  episode. 

U  is  generally  supposed  this  pastoral  was  deaigned  as  a  compliment 
rean,  who  taught  Virgil  the  principles  of  that  philosophy.  By  Silei 
Btond  Syro,  and  by  the  awains  Chromis  and  Mruuiiut^  hk  two  pupi 

PRIMA  Syracosio  dignata  est  loder 

i.  NoBtra  Thalia  pri-  Nostra,  nec  erubuit  sylvas  habitare,  Tl 

na  dignau  est  q^  canereni  re^es  et  prslia,  Cynthiu 

VeUit,  el  admonuit :  Pastorem,  Tityre, 

Pascere  oportet  oves,  dcductum  dicere 

A.  Namqne,  O  Vare,  Nunc  ego  (namque  super  tibi  enint,  qt 

«ra^rerunttibiaiitpeeto  Vare,  tuas  cupiant,  et  tristia  condere  b 

q    cupian  ,  Agrestem  tenui  ineditabor  arundine  Mi 

Non  injussa  cano :  si  quis  tamen  hiec  q 

N0TE3. 

t.    S^meosio   vertu :    in  pastoral  verse.  7.  Fare,     It  is  gener 

Syraeotio:  an  adj.  JfVom  Syracutct^  the  birth  poet   here    mcans    Qui 

place  of  TheocritUB,  the  first  p'&.storal  poet  arose  to  the  highest  hon 

of  eminence;  the  chief  city  of  Sicily,  and  He  was  consul  in  the 

famous  for  its  defence  against  the  Romans  afler  which  he  was  pr 

under  Marcellus.  years.     Having  retume 

2.  Thalia,  One  of  the  Muses.  See  Ecl.  into  Germany  wilh  thn 
iii.  60.  J^ec  erubuit^  &c.  Nor  did  she  blush  lost.  bcing  drawn  mto 
to  inhabit  the  woods.  This  verb  here  is  mortified  him  so  mucfa 
both  expressivo  and  beautiful;  the  perf.  of  self.  This  happened  in 
erubeteo.  Thalia  was  supposed  to  preside  dere:  to  write — record. 
over  comedy  and  pastoral   poetry.     Virgil 

was  the  first  pastoral  writer  among  the  Ro-         9.  .ATon  injutsa  eano: 

mans;    which    explains   the   words,  nostra  forbiddcn    by  Apollo. 

TTuUia  prima :  my  muse  first  deigned,  &c.  sing  of  pastoral  subjec 

3.  Cum  canerem^  &c.      Virgil  is  said  to  and  battlcs.    Si  quit  ta* 
have  begun  a  work  upon  the  afiairs  of  J^lba  does  not  refer  to  the  woi 
Longa^  but  aftcrwards  relinquished  it,  and  byt   to  the   tliird   and 
commcncod    the    Bucolics.      Cynthiut:    a  Apollo  forbids  him   to 
name  of  Apollo.     See  Ecl.  iv.  10.     FIp//i/  ?  stylc  of  Iiefoic  poetry. 
pinchcd  my  ear ;    a  proverbial  expression,  to  be  tJiis :  though  he  f 
implying  admomtion.  your  actions  in  heroic  ^ 

5.  Deductum:  a  part.  of  deduco^  humble,  to  do  it  in  the  humbli 
or  slender.  A  metaphor  taken  from  wool  And  if  ar.y  should  be  1 
fpun  out  till  it  is  msde  fine  or  slender.  w4th  the  love  of  this  I 

6.  Supererunt:  in  the  sense  of  erunt  alii  should  read  these  paat 
poetm*  The  parts  of  Ihe  verb  are  separated  find  them.  Hae :  thet 
by  Tmasifl.  Bucolics.    Qwqw:  in 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  VL 


81 


Gftptos  amore  leget ;  te  nostrs,  Vare,  myrica, 
Te  nemus  omne  canet :  nec  Phosbo  gratior  ulla  eat, 
Quam  9ibi  qiue  Vari  pneacripsit  pagina  nomen. 
Pergitei  Pieridet.     Chromis  et  Mnasilus  in  antro 
Slenum  pueri  somno  Tiddre  jacentem, 
Inilatuia  hestemo  TeDaB,  ut  8em])er,  laccho. 
Serta  procul  tantam  capiti  delapea  jacebant : 
Etgraris  attriti  pendebat  cantharus  anai. 
A^gresai  (nam  aepe  aenez  spe  carminis  ambo 
Lwerat)  injiciunt  ipeia  ex  vincula  aertia. 
Addit  ee  eodam,  timidiaque  supervenit  ^gle 
E^  Naiadum  pulcherrima  :  jamque  ridenti 
Sanguineis  irontem  moris  et  tempora  pingit. 
Dle  dolum  ridens  :  Qud  vincula  nectitis  ?  inquit 
Bohite  me,  pueri :  satis  eet  potuisse  videri. 
Cinnina,  qu»  vultis,  cognoscite :  carmina  vobis , 
Huic  tliud  mercedis  erit :  simul  incipit  ipse. 
Tum  verd  in  numerum  Faunosque  ferasque  videres 
Lodere^-tum  rigidas  motare  cacumina  quercus. 
Nec  tantum  Pbcebo  gaudet  Pamassia  rupes, 
Nec  tantiim  Rhodope  mirantur  et  Ismarus  Orphea 
NuBque  caoebat  uti  magnum  per  inane  coacta 

NOTES. 


10  10.  Nostrs  mjnom 
eaneni  te,  O  Vare,  omn% 
nemuf  canet  te :  nec  est 
ulla  pegina  gntior  Ph<B- 
bO|  qaam  iila  qum 
14.  Paeri  ChromiBet 
16  MBadiliu  vidtee 

16.  Ut  Mmper  e«l  «iM 

m 


20 


t4.  Satie  eet  me  po 
^    taiMO  videri  tie  vobit. 
^^     25.  Suni  canninavo- 
bia :  hoic  JEgU  ent  aliud 


30 


IOl  Xuirm  m^itm :  in  the  «1180  of  nottra 
BmtlkM,  The  amne  nemut  in  the  foUowing 
im  probablj  meana  every  elevated  com- 

^11100,  eadi  ae  epic  or  heroic  We  are 
lo  thie  mterpretation  fitnn  the  declara- 
fioa  of  the  poet  in  tbe  aixth  line,  that  there 
voold  be  pther  poeta,  who  woold  celebrate 
llt  pffaieep  of  Vams  in  heroic  verse,  though 
k  himttlf  wovld  prefer  to  do  it  in  the 
hmblcr  at jle  9it  paetoraL 

li.  Saemmm  Silemuwaaoneof  theroral 
4iteioi,  the  god  of  mjateriee  and  knowledge, 
md  the  foeter-fiither  of  Bacchns.  He  b 
nidy  bj  eoma»  to  have  been  the  son  of  P&n ; 
«tkm  kaj,  the  eon  of  Mercnrj.  Malea,  in 
Ihe  ialand  of  Lesboe,  ie  the  eiipposed  place 
•f  hif  nttivitj.  He  is  repreeented  as  a  fat 
lad  menj  old  man,  ridinf  on  an  ass, 
trowned  with  flowen,  alwajs  intoxicated. 

15.  Inflaiumt^kc  Swollen  as  to  his  yeins, 
vith  his  jesterdaj'8  wine.  See  Ecl.  L  65. 
heeho:  a  name  of  Bacehas;  here  put,  bv 
wton.  for  wine,  It  is  dertved  fVom  a  Greek 
vwd  signifjing  a  shout  or  confosed  noise. 
ft  was  giren  to  him  on  aecoont  of  the  riot 
lad  Tociferation  of  his  inebriatedfollowers. 
8ee  EgI.  v.  69. 

16.  Sertar  plo.  of  serfiMi,  a  garland,  or 
Vfeatb  of  flowers.  To  be  crewned  with  a 
fsrlaad,  wna  an  indication  of  druiikenness. 
fckaas  hod  all  the  signs  of  betng  in  such  a 

He  was  Ijinf  dowiH-he  was  sleep- 
bot  Ins  garlaa&  were  notoa  his  head  ; 
(ieiapta :  thej  had  onlj  fallen  ofT — 
itej  orere  oeither  broken  nor  bniined. 
\Z.Aggrttti^kam  llie  swaias,  seisiff g,  pnt 


on  him  oords  of  these  verj  garlands-'tliej 
bind  him  with  cords  made  of  them. 

20.  ^Slgle.  The  name  of  a  njrmph,  de- 
rived  from  a  Greek  word  signifjing  splendor, 
or  brightnees.  JVatadum.  See  Ecl.  ii.  46. 
ViderUi:  to  him  just  openixig  his  ejes. 
THmidit :  to  the  trembling  swains. 

22.  JHfit.  Morus  was  the  fruit  of  the 
mulberrj-tiee.  It  is  hero  called  tanguineut. 
red,  or  bloodj.  It  is  said  to  have  been  ori* 
ginallj  white;  but  assimied  the  red  or 
purple  color,  in  memorj  of  the  two  loTers, 
Pyratnut  and  Tkitbet  who  slew  themselves 
under  a  mulberrj-tree.  See  Ovid.  MeL 
Lib.  4. 

23.  Qti) :  whj — for  what  purpose. 

^    25.  Cognoteiie :  in  the  sense  of  audiie. 

26.  Mud  tnereedit.  The  same  as  aOa 
mereet :  another  reward. 

27.  Ludere  in  numerum :  to  dance,  or 
leap  abont  in  regular  time,  or  measure. 
Their  motions  exactlv  corresponded  to  the 
notes  or  measure  oi  the  verse.  Faunot 
The  Faani  were  demi-gods  of  the  countij, 
to  whom  the  first  fruits  of  all  things  were 
generallj  offered.    See  Ecl.  v.  73. 

29.  Pamattia  rupet.  The  monntain  Par- 
nassos  in  Phocis ;  a  countrj  in  Oreeia  Pro- 
priOt  much  celebrated  bj  the  poetH,  aud 
sacred  to  the  Muaes.  Here  Apollo  had  a 
famons  temple. 

30.  Rhodope^ltmanu.   T'7o  mountaine, 
or  rallier  raiiges  of  mountaiiis,  in  Thraoo 
thc  countrj  or  Orphcut, 

31.  J^amqne  r.ant^i^  &c.  For  he  sung  bow 
the  seeds.  both  of  tiio  oaiih  and  ot  \Xk<b  akr 


P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Semina  terrarumque,  a^iinaeque,  marisqii 

8S.  Dt  ex  his  prinus  Et  liquidi  simul  ignis  :  ut  his  exordia  piii 

omnia  iutceperunt  Omnia,  et  ipse  tener  mundi  concreverit  € 

35.  Tum  eanehat  quo-  Tum  durare  solum,  et  discludere  Nerea  | 

modo  solum  cceperit        Coeperit,  et  rerum  paulatim  sumere  fomi 

37.    Jamque   eanebat  Jamque  novum  ut  terrae  stupeant  lucesoe 

"  38!^"utc"u^^bre«  ca-  ^^^  utque  cadant  submotis  nubibus  im 

dantc  nubibu8  submo-  Incipiant  sylvae  cum  primum  surgere,  cdi 

tifl  &Itiius  d  terra,  Rara  per  ignotos  errent  animalia  montes 

Hinc  lapides  PyrrfasB  jactos,  Satumia  re) 
Caucaseasque  refert  volucres,  futrumquc 

NOTES. 

and  of  the  sea,  &c.    Silenut  here  relates  chaanel.    Rumif  .■ajra,  '1 

the  origin  of  the  world,  according  to  the  te  in  mare, 

■ystcm  of  Epicurus,  who  Uught  that  incor-  33.  Utque,    Some  oop 

poreal  space,  and  corporeal  atom8,were  the  ti|m^  is  fhe  eaner. 

lirst  principles,  or  elements,  of  all  things.  ^   Rara  •  few  in  noi 

The  former  he  denomenated  Inane^  the  lat-  iMnied 

ter  Plenum,    The  lna$u  or   Vaeuum^  he  '^       '  . 

considered  space,   eveiy   way   indefinitely  ^^»  Hvm  refert  lapidet^ 

extcnded.     By  the  PUmm,  he  undenitood  wlatee  the  thrown  ston 

the  atoma  or  minute  particle»  of  matter  Pynrha  wm  the  daught 

moving  in  every  direction  through  the  Inane,  »;»<»  ^ife  of  Deucahon, 

which  Virgil  here  calU  the  temina,  because  ">«"■»  *»d  kmg  of  TIm 

it  waa  thought  by  their  fortuitoue  concur-  «*7»  ^*^  «omo  timedun 

rence  arose  what  we  call  the  four  elements,  habitants  of  the  earth  w 

*»arth,  air,  water,  and  fire.     Epicurue  held  umversal  deluge,  excep 

many  other  erroneous  notions,  particularly  ''^"®  Pjnrrha.     They  wi 

cnncerning  the  nature  of  God.     He  was  an  ■™*W  ship,  and  carried 

Atheiiian,  and  bom  about  340  years  before  mount  Pamassus,  which 

the  Christian  era.     He  had  many  followers.  not  overwhelmed.   Hore 

32.  Anima :  in  the  sense  of  aerit,  With-  oracle  of  Tkemit  concen 
out  air,  there  could  be  no  animal  existence.  ^^  ^®  human  race ;  w 

33.  Liquidi  ignit:  of  pure  fire.  Hit  pri-  formed,  to  cast  behind  t 
mit:  of  these  first  principlee  or  elements  their  great  mother;  bj 
{earth,  air,  water,  and^r«)  all  things  sprang  «^od  stones.  They  imn 
or  had  a  beginning.  The  Epicureans  command  of  the  oracle. 
mnintained  that,  though  their  atoms  and  by  Deucalion  became  1 
incorporeal  space  were  the  first  principles  PyirhJi,  women.  See  • 
or  elements  of  earth,  air,  water,  and  fire,  Soi%tmia  regna :  the  reij 
yet  these  last  were  the  principlesorelements  Golden  age.  See  Ed.  1 
of  all  other  things,  or  out  of  which  all  other  42.  Furtum  Promethe 
things  sprang.  Omnia  exordia :  all  things  metheus.  The  poets  si 
received  or  took  a  beginninr.  The  verb  iVom  heaven,  with  wh 
ttaceperunty  or  some  other  of  tfae  like  im-  man  of  clay,  made  bj 
port,  is  plainly  understood,  and  to  be  sup-  Jupiter  was  so  much  1 
plied.     Ut :  how.  dered  Merenry  to  chain 

35.  Jferea :  acc.  slng  of  Jfereut^  a  god  of  mount  Caucasos.    He 

the  sea,  the  son  of  Oceanus  and  Terra.    He  a  vulture  to  prey  upo] 

married  Doris,  by  whom  he  had  fifty  daugh-  howerer,  grew  as  fast  ■ 

ters  who  were  called  Jferektet,   He  posseee-  Hence  Caucateat  voluet 

ed  the  gifi  of  prophecy,  and  b  said  to  have  Cancarae.  This  is  a  vei 

informed  Paris  of  the  fatal  consequenoes  of  tain,  or  rather  range  < 

hiscarryingofirHelen,thewifi»ofMenelane.  Mween    the    Enxine 

It  was  by  Xhf  direction  and  assistance  of  ProMel^et  .*   the    word 

Jfereuty  that  Hercules  obtained  the  golden  Oreek  origin,  and  pra 

apples  of  the  Hesperidee.   The  word  Aemtf  nght,  or  an   aaxioiii 

.   oflen  pnt,  by  meton.  for  the  sea,  as  in  Uiia  This  ie  a  key  to  the  1 

place.    Solum^  &c.    Then  he  eang  how  the  strong  idea  of  the  trot 

laad  besan  to  grow  hard  and  to  separate  the  themselves,  by  taking 

waters  from  itself,  and  eonfine  them  to  their  thonght  fiur  tlie  morTOH 


JilJC/OLICA,     ECL.  VL  83 

HwB  adjungit,  Hylan  naul»  quo  fonte  relictuni         ^ 

Ohun^aaeni :  ut  litus,  Hyla,  Hyla,  omne  sonarel. 

St  /brtuiiatain,  si  nunquam  armenta  fuissenl,  46 

puphaen  nivei  aolatur  amore  juvenci.  ^  Et  folatur  Pasi 

%b,  Tirffo  infelix,  que  te  dementia  cepit  ?  P^P  *^®'«  n»^«*  j« 

Prteddes  impl^nmt  fabds  mugitibus  agro8  :  '^^SSl^At^S^en  oo^u^ 

Kt  non  tam  turpes  pecudum  tamen  uUa  secuta  est  earum  fecuu  est  uta 

CoDCulHtua ;  quamvis  coUo  timuisset  aratrum,  60  tufpef 

Bt  sepe  in  levi  qusstsset  cornua  fironte. 

Ah,  virgo  inieliz^  tu  nunc  in  montibus  erras ! 

nie,  iatus  niveum  molli  fultus  hyacintho,  53.  nie  taunu  fultuii 

llice  suh  nigri  pallentes  ruminat  herbas,  ^uoMf  niveum  litua  nioU 

Aut  ahquam  in  magno  sequitur  grege.  Claudite,  Nympha,  ^  \l^^\  niminat 

I>Ktt«9  Nymph»,  nemorum  jam  claudite  saltus :  66  J^'  ^""^  **"*»'**"'  "^ 

Si  qua  forte  feiMt  ocuhs  sew  obvia  no^  ^g    j,^^^^   ^ 

Errabunda  bovw  vestigia.     Forsitan  illum,  ^^^f^  perducant  illum, 

Xut  berbi  captum  viridi,  aut  armenta  secutum,  aut  captum  viridi  herbft. 

Perducant  aliquaB  stabula  ad  Gortynia  vaccae.  60  aut  ■ecutum  armenU  w6 

Twn  canit  Hesperidum  miratam  mala  puelhim  : 

Tam  Phaethontiadas  musco  circumdat  amarte 

N0TE8. 

C  Hghm.   Hvlme  was  the  companion  of  of  mj  buU  maj  preeent  themeelvee  to  my 

OimlM  m  the  Arsonautio  ezpedition,  and  eyee.    Obvia :  an  adj.  from  obvim^  a^reeing 

aieli  beloved  bj  him.    Having  gone   on  with  veitigia.    The  flenae  ie  complete  with- 

Aoie  to  obtain  water,  bj  eome  meane  or  out  it.    Salttu^  ia  properl j  a  lawn,  or  open- 

Hbw,  he  wae  loeL    The  poeU  taj  he  wae  ing  in  a  grove  or  park,  where  ^ttle  have 

curied  olT  bj  tbe  njmphe.    Hercules  and  room  to  sport  and  play ;  from  the  verb  «o/te. 

hii  eompanioiia  were  much  grieyed  at  the  59.  Captum  :  delighted  with,  desirous  of, 

km  ef  the  boj,  and  went  along  the  shoree,  the  green  pastures.    Ruaus  says,  eupidum, 

vhsa  tbej  found  he  was  missing,  calling  60.  Oortynia:  an  adj.  fl-om  OortynAt  ■ 

hiabj  name,  Hjfia^  H$la,    Clamasient:  in  citj  of  Creto,  famed  for  iu  ezcellent  pan- 

ihi  aenae  of  •eeostssenl.    8ee  Ed.  iv.  35.  tures. 

M.  Panphmin:  a  Greek  aco.  the  dangh-  61.   Tum  eanit  vuelUtm^  &c.     Then  he 

kt  of  the  enn,  and  wife  of  Minos,  king  of  sings  the  damsei  admiring  the  apples  of  the 

Grela.    8ee  jEn.  vL  94.  Hesperides.    This  was  AUlanU,  the  daugh- 

17.  Ftfge.    The  poet  here  calls  Panphai  ter  of  Schaneua^  king  of  the  island  of  Scj- 

I  TiisiB,  thougfa  ahe  was  the  mother  of  rus,  in  the  ^gean  sea.    She  consented  to 

hadrs.  trisrfnr.  and  ^ndrfljgcus.    The  an-  marrj  the  man  who  «hould  outrun  her,  hut 

tjfnte  sometinias  ealled  anj  womaninearlj  if  he  were  beaUn,  he  should  lose  his  life. 

iifc  a  virgin.  Several  had  loet  their  liree.    At  Icngth  she 

tt.  Prmtida:  the  danghteis  of  PrmHu^  was  beaUn  bj  Hippomenee,  the  grandson 

Uif  of  the  Argivea,  who  vied  with  Juno  in  of  Neptune  os  Mars.    At  the  suggestton  of 

^Wiatj.    Tho  goddeee,  bj  waj  of  punish-  Venus,Hippomeneecastthree  apples,ukeii 

'■Ml,  eaqeed  vhm  to  imagine  thej  were  from  the gardenof  tbe  Heependes,  on  the 

cbniged  iato  heifera.    Their  lowinge,  «mi-  ground,  one  at  a  time,  when  she  was  gain- 

fitau,  are  hore  called  false,  because  thej  ing  upon  him;   whioh  so  captivatcd   the 

vm  noi  in  realitj  heifora.    Seeuia  eet:  in  virgin,  that  she  stopped  to  pick  them  up  ; 

As  seBse  of  ywiisil.  aad  bj  thiameans  he  obtainod  the  beauteous 

ilt  HmaamiM  Hwmimei :  althongb  each  one  prize.    Hetperidum,    The  Hespertdes  wert 

bd  tered  tiie  ploagh  apon  her  neok — the  three  in  number,  w£gte,w9re/MiM,and  Kttpe» 

pkm  fiooi  whftoh  me  plough  was  hniig  or  reihuMa^  the  dai^riitere  of  Hesperue,  the  bro* 

SHpcsded.  ther  of  Atlas.    They  resided  in  Mauritania, 

OL  F^dhu:  enppoffted    resling  or  reoli*  in  Afiioa,  where  it  is  said  thej  had  gardens, 

wm^»  in.which  were  trees  that  bore  golden  applce. 

it.  Dmtmm  :  aa  adj.  from  Dieie^  a  moim*  These  gardens  were  watohed  bj  a  dragon 

tMefCrelew    Silonwi  tnms  again  to  the  that  nererslept.    Hercules  slew  him,  and 

ilaiyf  Pasiphai,  whoia  he  here  intruducea  stole  the  applee.    8ee  JCn.  rv.  484. 

ieen— liing.  aad  oaUiiig  Qpon  the  njmphe  62.  TVmi  etrcumda/,  Hec  Thenhe  eneloeee 

l#ah«t«p  lh«  opsBhMpi  of  thegvovee.    Per-  the  sistors  ofPhaithan  in  the  mora  of  bitler 

— wheroorotherthteraaderiiigelepe  barfc— he  liiige  theoi  tranarnTVMid  ViAA  \ni^ 


84  P.  VIRGirjT  MARONIS 

64.  Tum  canit  ut  una  Cortidis,  atque  solo  proceras  erigit  alnoA 
■ororum  duxerit  GaUum  Tum  canit  errantem  PermesBi  ad  flumini 
p!fMrmewii    *        »"nma  ^^„5^3  jj^  montes  ut  duxerit  una  sororum 

67.  Ut  Linus  pastor  Utque  viro  Phoebi  chorus  assurrexerit  on 
omatus  qtuMd  crinei  flo-  Ut  Linus  hsec  illi  divino  carmine  pastor, 
libos,  at^oe  amaro  apio  Floribus  atque  apio  crines  oniatus  amarG 
^«n^  »^^  ^^^»"»®  Dixerit :  Hos  tibi  dant  calamos,  en  accip 
dillirTos  calam^  t^H  ^^'^''  quos  ante  seni :  quibus  iUe  soleb 
cn  accipe  eot^  quoe  iUa  Cantando  rigidas  deducere  montibus  om< 
dederant  His  tibi  Grvnaei  nemoris  dicatur  origo : 

74.  Aut  ut  narraverii  Ne  quis  sit  lucus,  quo  se  plus  jactet  Apd 
BeyUam^iam  Nisi,  aut  Qujj  loqu^r  aut  Scyllam  Nisi,  aut  quam 
TwScti^^''^  Candida  succinctam  latrantibus  inguina  b 

NOTES. 

lar  or  alder  treee.    PhaithmUuuUu.    Theae  Hesiod.    It  ia  the  highest 

were  the  sisters  of  Phaethon,  or  Phaeton^  possibly  could  be  paid  hii 

and  daughtera  of  the    sun.    They  were  72.  Oryntei:    an  adj. 

•ometimes  called  Heliades,    Their  namea  city  of  JEoIia,  where  Ap 

wore PhaethiuA,  Lanqteiie^tLnd  Lampethusa.  built  of  white  marble,  ai 

Phdeton  imprudently  desired  of  his  father  was  a  famoua  oracle. 

the  managrement  of  his  chariot  for  one  day.  74.  Scyllam.    There  11 

Phobus  reAiied  for  a  long  time.    But,  at  name  of  Scylla :  one  the  • 

Ii0t,  overoome  by  his  importunity,  he  con-  king  of  the  Megarensee,  1 

Mnted.     He  was,  however,  soon  convinced  with  Minoe,  king  of  Cre 

of  hia  rashneae;  for  the  horses,  perceiving  to  Megara,betrayed  her  ft 

an  unusual  driver,  became  impatient  of  the  For  which  deed,  it  is  said 

reins ;  and  when  they  had  passod  the  meri-  into  a  lark*^  while  he  wi 

dian  in  their  course,  and  began  to  descend,  hawk.     See  nom.  prop.  ii 

he  was  no  longer  able  to  restrain  them,  and  The  other  was  the  dai 

the  youth  was  thrown  headlong  from  the  car  Some  there  are,  who  thic 

intothe£ridanus,orPo.    His  sisters  grieved  founds  the  two,  attribut 

immoderately  at  this  misfortune  of  their  what  properly  belongs  t 

brother ;  and  were  changed,  some  say,  into  there  will  be  nn  need  of  tl 

poplar  trces,  others  say,  into  alder  trees.  ply  the  word  eanu,  or  iUoM 

See  Ovid.  Met.  Lib.  2.  The  story   of   ScvUa, 

63.  Circumdai.  Rueus  says,  eingii.  Pro»  Phorcus,  is  briefly  this : 
eerat:  stately.  god,  fell  iii  love  with  hei 

64.  Permettu  Permessus,  a  river  of  Beo-  his  addresses.  In  order  1 
tia,  rising  at  the  foot  of  mount  Helicon.  favorable  to  him,  he  ap] 
OaUum.     See  Ecl.  10.  ress  Circe ;  who,  as  sooi 

65.  In  Aonat  moniet:  to  the  Beotian  became  enamoured  with 
mouutains, //«/te<m  and  Ct(/i€ron,  famous  for  instead  of  afibrding  hii 
being  the  seat  of  the  Muses.  Beotia  was  endeavored  to  divert  hi 
originally  called  Aonia^  from  Aon^  the  son  Scylla,  and  fix  them  on  h 
of  Neptune,  who  reigned  in  that  country.  any  efFect.     For  the  sake 

66.  Omnit  efiorut.  HereVirgilpaysGallus  poured  the  juice  of  some 
a  very  high  compliment  as  a  poot ;  and  he  a  fountain,  where  Scylla 
doee  it  in  the  most  delicato  manner.  They  self.  And  as  soon  as  she 
roee  up  in  his  presence,  to  do  him  honor :  great  surprise,  she  fbunf 
atturrexerit  viro.  her  waist  changed  into  I 

67.  Linut.  See  Ed.  iv.  56.  Carmine:  in  like  dogs,  that  were  coift 
the  sense  of  vertibut.  making  a  growling  noise. 

70.  Atcrao  teni :  to  the  Ascrean  sago^  body  assumed  an  equal 
Hesiod ;  who  was  a  native  of  Ascra,  a  town  This  sudden  and  unexpect 
of  Beotia  not  far  from  Helicon.  He  was  a  filled  her  with  sueh  honno 
nolebrated  poet.  herself  into  that  part  of  1 

71.  ^uihut  iUe^  &o.  It  is  said  of  Orpheus,  vidos  Sicily  from  Italy,  w 
t^t  the  loily  oaks  bowed  their  heads,  and  rock,  or  rather  a  ledge  ol 
listoned  to  the  charms  of  his  music  The  iii.  420.  Seeuia  ett:  repo 
•sanM  effects  aro  aaoribed  liere  to  tiia  mofiic  of  ihe  weoM»  of  dieam. 


BUC01.1CA.    ECL.  VI.  85 

DofichiaB  vexine  rates,  et  gurgite  in  alto  euididE  ingaina  latnn* 

Ah !  tmiidoe  nautaa  canibus  lacer^bsae  marinia  t  ^.«''Vr"**?**"^  yoxhm 

Aat  ut  mutato.  Terei  narraverit  artus  ?  VKiKSr 

Quas  illi  Philomela  dapes,  qu»  dona  par&rit  f  ^     feiix  T^eut  Bupervoli- 

Quo  cursu  deaerta  petiverit,  et  quibus  ant^  80  Uverit  tecU  taa  anU. 

Infeiiz  aua  tecta  gupervoiitaverit  alis  ?  82.  lUe  Silmut  caDit 

Ommm  qu«,  PhaDbo  quondam  meditante,  beatua  •"J^  ^T  ^•**Sl^JJ: 

A    ■••.  n       .        •      •:           j*           1  rotaa     audiit,     PhcBbo 

Audut  Eurotas,  juasitque  ediscere  kuros,  quondam  meditante 

(Ue  caLnit :  pdB»  relSnrunt  ad  «dera  vallefl ;  84.  Vallet  pulameantu 

Cogere  donec  oves  atabulia,  numerumque  referre  85  referunt  eum  ad  eidera : 

Juttit,  et  inrito  proceaait  Vesper  Olympo.  <i«neo  Veeper  juantpae 


tore$,  cogere  ota» 


NOTES. 


76.  DuliehiaM:   an  a^j.  from  Ihi/ie^tiaii,        80.    Curtu:  in  the    eenBe  of  eelerUate, 

io  island  tn  the  lonian  sea,  ferming  a  part  Deserta  :  the  deaerts :  toea^  is  to  be  under- 

ofthekingdomof  UljTMee.  Dul%ehiatrQie$  :  atood:  deeert  plaoee. 
the  ihipe  of  Uljneee.                         ^.         ,        81.  Teeta  tua  anti :  hie  palace  hii  own 

78.    Terei:   gen.  of  TVreta»  a    ^g  of  before  hie  tranaformation— but  his  own  no 

Thraoe,  who  marned  Procoe,  or  Progne,  longcr.     Teeium,  ii  anj  covered  place  that 

Uughxer  of  Pandion,  kmg  of  Athene.    She  i,  inhabited ;  firom  the  verb  lego, 
bad  a  niiter  bj  the  name  of   Philomela«        o»    m,   l  j  j ,     *      k     n 

rs^^i-^^^di^i^^^  fo'^erS!%nr^Tep"::(t^^^^^^ 


loThraoe.   Acoordingljhe  wenttoAtSens;  beautifblyouthHyacinthu^the  son  of  La- 

b.t..«H»  aThSulawli, he waeenamoured  ^nk.  .f ^h^F^^^Ti^X^            M. 

^th  her,  and  reM>lved  to  gratify  hi.  pas-  ^^"  ^^  *^*  IB^^oUa,  nngmg  upon    hii 

Thi.  he  did.  and  afterward.  cut  out  ^oE' 


r!!!!^^l!!!r«!rJ»!^^\Il*^jr^J!lwLT^^  W.  JEwro/M.     A  verj  celebrated  river  of 

her  tMmi.,  to  P"^«at  her  from  discloeing  ^  Peloponneros :  its  banks  abounded  in  the 

tbe  buoaroii.  deed.    He  lefl  her  m  con-  j"^*''*"^"'*""'""' •«"»"*"  •»^»*"***'"  •""»'» 

c ^4  .  .«j  u..;«^  #-v.-  -«..—  ..^«...  laurel.     In  its  course,  it  forms  nearlj  a  se- 

finement ;  and  havmg  taken  eveir  precau-  ^j^i^i    ^^  ^    ^^  ^^i^t  citj  Lace- 

Uon  to  prevent  lU  eommg  to  light,  he  re-  .  *^"^'^^  '^rn   /  *"' ^^        \^  ^^^ 

Umed  to  his  wife,  and^formeS  her  that  ^»'"^»'  "^  ^»"»  *"^°  ^^  ^"^"^  Laeonieut. 

PhilomeU  had  died  oa  the  waj.    Not  long  84.  Vailet  jiulMa,  &c    The  vallies  struck 

afUr,  however,  ebe  foond  otherwise.    Phi-  '^»^  .*bo  song,  waft  it  back  to  the  stars— 

lomela,  during  her  captiritv,  described  on  a  bear  it  to  Ihe  stars. 

piece  of  Upestrj  ber  misfortunes  and  suf-  85.  Referre :  to  count  over  their  number 

fenngs,  and  privatelj  eonvejed  it  to  her  *o  »«0  that  none  be  missing. 

«sler,  who  hastened  to  her  release.    Here  86.  Vetper»  The  same  as  the  planet  Ve- 

Ihej  eonoertMl  meaMurs.  bow  to  be  revenged  nns.    When  it  precedes  or  goes  before  the 

«n  Terens.    It  was   agreed   that   Progne  sun,itbcalled  Lucifer,andsometime8Phos- 

fhonld  kin  her  son  Itjs,  and  serve  him  up  phorus,  from  the  Greek  ;  but  when  it  goe. 

for  his  fatfier.    In  the  midst  of  his  meaf,  behind  him,  Vesper,  or  Hesperus,  the  even- 

to  oaHed  fbr  bis  son,  when  hi.  wife  told  ing  star.    It  is  also  taken  for  the  evenin^, 

Mm  tbat  he  was  then  feasting  on  his  flesh.  particularlj  that  part  denominatcd  the  twi- 

At  this  moment,  Philoniela  appeared,  and  light.    Proeestit  invito   Olympo :    marches 

threw  the  bead  of  Itjr.  oa  the  Uble  befere  along  the  unwilKng  beaven.    The  word  m- 

hiB.    At  thi.  moment  he  drew  hi.  sword,  vt/uf,  beautifullj  represenU  the   stru^gle 

•ad  was  going  to  pnnish  them  both,  when  between  the  light  and  darkness  in  the  liine 

he  was  ehanfed  into  a  vfupa^  a  bird  oalled  of  twilighU    .The  daj  is  lotb,  or  nnwilling 

WsonMtbenM;pe^bjother.,tb.  iapwwi^;  to  jield;  or,  it  maj  refer  to  iU  regret  nt 

Ailoaiela,  Into  tbe  mghUngale ;  Progne,  being  doprived  of  so  eharming  a  song  a. 

wuo  the  ntaUow;  and  Itj.»  into  \h%pheatani.  that  of  Silenus. 
8ee  Orid.  MeU  Lib.  6. 

QOESTIONS.  ^ 


Mhat  ptobablj  waa  th.  dMgn  of  thi.        Where  is  the  soene  laid  f 
pistoral  ?  What  is  said  of  Silenos .' 

Who  ia  inteaded  niid«r  tha  charaoUr  of       Doe.  Virgil  give  the  priBoiple.  al'  tlM 

83m4?    Wbo  wa.  Sjrro?  Epicuxean  philosopbj  f 

WhMBar.  we  tonnderilaadbj  th.mraiB.       Wbat  wer.  tbose  prinQk|\«i^ 
Cknai.  aad  Maaalii.  ?  Wbo  wa.  £picnni8  > 


M  P    VIEGILII  MARONIB 

Who  WM  NereiM?    Of  wliom  was  he  the  Who  were  the  Haiperi<le«  f    W^  mtn 

fhther  ?  their  n&niee  ? 

Wh&t  ie  the  word  Noreus  loawtimee  taken  Who  wat  Phaeton'?    What  luk  iflt  M 

for  t  he  Attempt  ? 

Bj  whet  iipare  is  it  ao  taken  ?  What  became  of  him  ? 

Who  was  Dencalion  ?     What  b  aaid  to  What  were  the  namea  of  hia  aiatani? 

hare  taken  place  in  hia  reign  f  What  became  of  them  ? 

Who  waa  hia  wife  ?  Who  was  Heaiod  ?    Where  waa  he  bom  i 

What  were  they  direoted  todo  in  order  to  How  many  were  there  of  the  name  of 

re-people  the  earUi  f  Scjll&  ? 

What  do  joa  nndeiatand  bj  the  worda  Deecribe,  or  giye  an  aoeoonl  of  aaeb? 

SaturfUa  regna  f  Who  waa  Tereua  ? 

Who  waa  Prometheus  ?    What  ia  said  of  What  ia  said  of  him  ? 

him  ?  Into  what  was  he  tranaformed  ? 

What  ia  the  proper  meanini^  oftaUuaf  What  waa  the  name  of  hia  wifo  ?    Inia 

Who  waa  Atdknta  ?    What  ia  aaid  of  what  waa  ahe  transformed  ?  k»* 
ner? 


ECIiOGA  SEPTIlHAa 


MELIBCSUS,  CORYDON,  THYRSIS. 

Tma  paatoral  containa  a  triai  of  akill  in  song  between  the  shepherds  Corjdon  and  Th  vms. 
It  ia  much  of  thq  natnre  of  the  foorth,  and  is  an  imitation  of  the  eifli^  of  the  IdjUa  of 
Theocritus.  It  is  conjectured  that  bj  Corjdon  and  Th^rsis  we  are  to  understand  G&Uua 
and  Pollio ;  of  whom  our  poet  apeaks  on  seyeral  occasiona  in  the  most  honorable  terma. 
The  scene  Is  laid  on  the  pleaaant  banks  of  the  river  Mincius.  MelibcBns  is  thought  to 
be  Virgil  himself,  and  Daphnis  some  mutual  friend  of  theirs.  Thej  both  listen  atten. 
tively  to  their  song;  which  being  ended,  thej  give  the  palm  to  Corjdon. 

Mel.  FORTE  sub  arguti  consedenit  ilice  Daphnis, 
Compulerantque  greges  Corjdon  et  Thjrsis  in  onum  : 
3.  Thjrsis  eaw^uUrai  Thjrsis  oves,  Cor]^on  distentas  lacte  capellas. 
oves,  Corydon  eow^e-  Ambo  florentes  tetatibus,  Arcades  ambo : 
rai  capeUas  £(  cantare  pares,  et  respondere  parati.  t 

6.  H)c  caper  ipae  vir  ^^^  ^^i  dum  teneras  defendo  a  fiigore  mjrtos, 
gregis  deerraverat  mihi«  ^ir  gregis  ipse  caper  deerraverat :  atque  ego  Daphnim 
dum  Aapicio :  ille  ubi  me  contra  videt ;  Ocjds,  inquit, 

N0TE8. 

1.  Arguia :  whispeHng.    The  word  verj  for  its  paaturea  and  flocka ;  and  in  a  man* 
aptly  expresses  the  mstltng  noise  made  bj  ner  aamd  to  shepherda.    Thej  were  both 
Ihe  wind  among  the  leavee :  to  which  refe»  in  the  prime  of  life :  Jlortniet  tOaiihm, 
rence  is  here  had.  5.  Paret  eaniare:  equal  atsinging.    Pat 

2.  Corydon :  this  b  derived  ttom  a  Oreek  is  properlj  equal  in  match  to  contend  for 
word  signifying  a  lark.    ThyrtU:  from  a  yictorj. 

Greek  word  signifying  a  spear  bonnd  with        7.  Daphnim:  ftom  a  Greek  word  aigni- 

vine,  in  honor  of  Baochua.   /n  tmton  .*  into  fying  a  laureL     Ftr :  in  the  sense  of  tfiiar. 
one  place,  loeum  being  nnderstood.  8.  ConiriL   This  is  here  used  adverbiallj, 

3.  Capellat  ditteniat  laeie:  hia  goata  dia-  m  ium;  or  over  againat  him.  The  wcwd 
tended  with  milk— having  their  udders  dia-  maj  be  taken  in  either  sense.  The  fbtmar 
tended.  seems  preferable  in  this  plaoe. 

4.  Awtbo  Areaioi,  Not  indeed  that  thej  9.  Adet :  in  the  sense  of  «em.  MeKbmi 
were  both  natives  of  Areadia ;  but  thej  aro  from  a  Oreek  word  signifjing  a  shephaiwd: 
^  ealied»  b^wanaa  that  eountrj  waa  famoua  or  one  who  has  the  care  of  flocka. 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  VII.  «7 

Hne  ades,  6  Meliboee ;  caper  tibi  salvus  et  h<Brli ;  9.  Caper  eit  solvui 

Bt  ■  qiud  cessare  potea,  requiesce  sub  umbra.  10  ^«^  >»«'*»  9««>^  '^ 

Uuc  ipei  potum  venient  per  prata  juvenci : 

Hic  viridia  tener)  pnetexit  arundine  npas  .  !*•  ^^^  yiridii  Min* 

Bfincios,  dque  sacrft  resonant  examina  quercu.  ^*"  pnetejut 

Quid  &cerem  f  neque  ego  Alcippen,  noc  Phyllida  habe- 

Depulsoe  a  lacte  domi,  qusB  clauderet  agnoR  *  [bam, 

Et  certamen  erat,  Corjdon  cum  Thyrside,  magnum.  16.  Corydon  etrimbtU 

PoBtbabui  tamen  illorum  mea  seria  ludo.  cnm  Thyraido 

Altemis  igitur  contendere  versibus  ambo 

Oep^re :  altemos  Mussb  meminisse  volebant.  19.  Volobant  me  me 

Hos  Corydon,  illos  referebat  in  ordino  Thyrsis.  20  miniMo  alterno»  vemu 

Coa.  NymphiB,  noeter  amor,  Libethrides,  aut  mihi  car-  ^^'  Corydon  rrferebat 
Quale  meo  Codro,  concedite  :  proxima  Phoebi  [men,  ^i.  Aut  concedite /olt 
Verabus  iUe  facit :  aut  si  non  possumua  omnes,  iannon  mihi,  quale  can-' 

Hic  trguta  8acr&  pendebit  fistula  pinu.  eestiitu 

Th.  Pastores,  heder&  crescentem  ornate  poetam,  26  23.  JVbi  omnoe  noa 
Arcades,  invidi4  rumpantur  ut  Uia  Codro.  po«umui/ai^  tn. 

Aat  n  ultri  plaeitum  laud&rit,  baccare  frontem  27.CingitoiiieamfToii^ 

Cingite,  ne  vati  noceat  mala  Ungua  futuro.  ^^ 

CoR.  Setosi  caput  hoc  apri  tibi,  Delia,  parvua  29.  O  Delia,  pannie 

Et  nmoea  Mycon  vivacis  comua  cervi.  30  Mycon  ^ert  tibi  hoo 

S  proprium  hoc  luerit,  levi  de  marmore  tota  ctput. 

N0TE8. 

10.  Qicirf:/ea^porif  inunderstoodfgovem-  any  one  lay  down  his  art  or  profession,  to 
^  by  «M^ :  any  time— a  little  timo.  hang  up  and  coneecrate  tlie  infltniments 

11.  Poium:  todrii^k:  a  sup.  in  um,  of  the  which  he  had  osod,  to  the  god  who  pre- 
^rb  jMlo,  put  ader  the  vorb  venient,  ndod  ovor  that  art. 

12.  PnEtexti  :  in  tho  lenfle  of  iegit,  25.  Hederd.    PooUi  were  crowned  eome- 

13.  Mifuiut :  a  amall  river  rising  out  of  times  with  ivy,  at  other  times,  with  laurel. 
tke  lake  Benmeut^  and  ialling  into  tho  Po.  Thcso  both  were  overgreens,  and  designod 
tfirfie,  MenMO.  to  denote  a  lasting  famo.     Omate :  in  the 

14.  Aleippen — FhylUda:  tho  names  of  sonseof  roromi/c.  By  poe/om  we  are  to  un- 
tvoserrants;  b^thderiTod  from  the  Greok.  derstand  Thyrsis  himself. 

15.  Depulrot  a  latte:  taken  away  from  96.  Ilia  Codro:  tho  sides  to  Codrus;  tho 
the  milk :  weaned.    Domt :  at  home.  same  as  Ilia  Codrt.     This  construction  is 

17.  Patihakmi,  ftc    I  poetponed  my  so-  frcquent  with  Virgil:  tho  daU  in  the  sense 

rioos  bosiDeos  to  their  iong :  to  listcn  to  thoir  of  the  g«m. 

•OQg.     Luda:  in  the  oense  of  canrut.  27.  UUra  nlaeitum :  beyond  my  pleasure, 

19..Mitf0eoletenl:themeaningis,thoMu-  or  desiro.    Immodorate  praise  was  Ihought 

Ki  would  havo  them  sing  altemate  versos.  by  tlie  aneientt  to  havo  in  it  somothing  of 

90.  Rrferebai  :  in  the  sense  of  eantabat,  tho  nature  of  fascination ;  and  to  avert  it» 

tl.  Lieihridet:  an  adj.  from  Libethra^  a  malignant  influence,they  wore  a  garland  of 

Ibuitain  in  BeuHa  ;  othors  say  in  Magnetia^  baeear^  or  lady  Vglove,  as  a  counter  charm. 

orer  whieh  thoy  presided.    Henco  they  are  The  pron.  me  la  understood. 

eiQed  Libeihrian  nympht.    /fotler  amor :  29.  Delia :  A  namo  of  Diana,  from  De- 

mj  deligbt,  or  love.  lot^  tho  place  of  hor  birth.    Setoti :  bristly. 

tS.  Coneediie :  grant  snch  a  song  to  me  30.  Mycon,    The  swain  Mycon  is  sup- 

ai  ye  granted  to  my  Codras:  inspire  such  posed  to  be  Corydon's  friend,  and  t>  pro 

I  long,  Scc    Codrne  was  a  poet  cotempo-  mise  these  things  to  Diana  in  his  namo. 

iuv  with  Virgil,  as  we  leam  from  Servius,  31.  5t  hoe  fuerti  proprium.    If  this  (suc- 

lad  of  euperior  merit.    Proxima :  next  in  cess  which  y ou  granteo  me  in  horting)  shall 

tBeelleiico  to  the  verses  of  Apollo.    Carmi'  bo  lasting,  you  shall  stand  entire  in  poli<ihcd 

e«  ie  ■nderstood.  marble:  I  will  make  you  a  full-lengch  statue 

2S.  FaeU:  ia  the  sense  of  eomponit,  of  polished,  Sui,    It  was  usual  to  make  only 

24.  Sdtrm  pmu  :  the  pine-tree  was  sacred  tho  hoad  and  neck  of  a  marble  statue.    Here 

lo  QjMe,  tne  mother  of  tho  gods.  on  ac-  Corydon  proraises  Diana  an  entire  statuo, 

eomt  of  the  tranemotation  of  hor  dariing  provided  she  continued  to  pioa^T  Vua  V^  • 

ioto  tbat  tree.    It  waa  a  custom,  when  suits. 


^S  P.  VIRGILU  MARONI8 

9S.  Tu  ttabiB  toU  de  Puniceo  stablB  Buras  evincta  cothumo. 
l«Ti   mannore    eYincU      Th.  Sinum  lactis,  et  h©c  te  Uba,  Priape, 
^ST  O  Priape,  eat  eet  Expectare  sat  est :  custos  es  pauperis  horti 
\m  ezpeotare  quotaimis  Nunc  te  marmoreum  pro  tempore  fecimua : 
€  «M  Si  foetura  gregem  suppleverit,  aureus  esto. 

GoR.  Nerine  Galatea,  thymo  mihi  dulcio 
Candidior  cycnis,  hederi  formosior  albi  : 
Cum  primum  pasti  repetent  prsesepia  taurif 
Si  qua  tui  Corydonis  habet  te  cura,  venito. 
Th.  Immd  ego  Sardois  videar  tibi  amaii 
4S.  Algk  projecta  ad  Horridior  rusco,  projectlL  vilior  alg& ; 
'^  Si  mihi  non  hu^  lux  toto  jam  longior  anno 

44.  Si  ml  vobii  quis  Ite  domum  pasti,  si  quis  pudor,  ite  juvenci» 
•^*^^'  CoR.  Muscosi  fontes,  et  sonmo  moUior  1 

Et  qus  vos  rari  viridis  tegit  arbutus  umbrl 
Soistitium  pecon  defendite :  jam  venit  esta 

NOTES. 

83.  Pynieeo:  in  the  aeiite  of  jmrpureo,  aforcedlaoghter;  10010  takii 

8ee  Ecl.  6.  17.    Cothumo.    The  coihumut  /oot. 

was  a  kind  of  high-heeled  shoe  or  boot  42.  Horridior  ruteo:  w 

wom  when  hunting  and  on  the  etage,  by  InUeherU  broom,    Thia  is  a  ] 

both  eexefl.    Seo  G^r.  2.  9.  plant. — FHior :  more  vile, 

33.  PriLpe :  Priamis  was  the  tatelar  god  ^lga,    This  was  a  kind  of 

of  gardena,  lakes,  ttc    He  was  the  son  of  which  grew  in  great  abund 

VenuB,  by  M ercury  or  Bacchus.  .  Tho  piace  island  of  Crete.    When  ton 

of  hia  birth  wat  Lampeacua,  near  the  Hellee-  where  it  grew,  by  the  violeu 

pont,  where  he  was  chiefly  worahipped.    He  tost  about  the  sea,  and  thei 

waa  UBually  repreeented  with  a  human  face  ehore,  it  became  quite  uee 

and  the  eart  of  a  goat.    He  held  a  ttick  in  color,  and  presented  to  the  < 

his  hand  tp  drive  away  birds,  a  club  to  drive  appearanco. 

away  thieves,  and  a  icythe  to  prune  the  43.  Lux :  in  the  eense  of 

trees.    Sinum:  in  the  sense  of  vas ;  a  kind  44.  Pculi :  in  the  sense  o 

of  vessel  swelling  out  in  the  middJe  like  a  45.  Muteoei /onies :  ye  oo< 

pitcher.  tains.    The  epithet  muteori 

35.  Pro  tempore :  according  to  the  time ;  coolness,  because  mots  wi 
in  proportion  to  my  present  ability.  Thyr-  where  there  is  any  consid 
sis  promises  him  now  a  marble  statue,  and  heat.  It  grows  the  bost  on  th 
if  biB  flocks  increase  so  that  he  can  affbrd  it,  that  face  the  north.  Also  € 
ho  will  make  him  a  golden  one.  of  trees. — HerhamoUior^&^ 

36.  Suppleverit:  shall  enlarge — ^multiply.  ezpressionis  takenfromThi 

37.  Jferine :  an  adj.  from  ICereiu,  a  god  says,  dtUeit  ad  somnum^  w 
of  the  sea.  The  poet  does  not  here  mean  meaning  of  the  poet  The  i 
that  this  Galatea  was  actually  the  daughter  than  tleaf^  is  extremely  deli 
of  Nereus ;  but  he  merelv  intends  it  as  a  46.  riridit  arbutut^  &c. 
compliment,  intimating  that  she  possessed  lar  construction.  The  noa 
equal  charms  with  her  namesake.  Hyhlte.  be  used  in  the  place  of  ths 
Hybla  was  a  mountain  in  Sicily,  abounding  the  nom.  it  placed  the  rel 
in  7%ymc,  and  celebrated  for  ite  bees,  and  third  person,  and  consequ 
ezcellent  honey — tweeier  than  ihe  thyme  0/  whereas  they  should  be  in 
Hjfbla^  /airer  ihan  the  twant^  tnore  beauti/ul  son  sing.  O  viridit  arbuit 
than  Uie  whiie  ivy,  These  comparisons  are  rara  unStrd,  The  vot  refers 
eztremely  chaste  and  delicate.  and  grass  mentioned  above. 

39.  Cum  primum :  in  the  sense  of  ui  pri-  47.  SolttiHum.    This  wo 

mum. — Cura:  regard.  nifies  that  point  in  the  ecUi 

41.  Sardoit  henit.   The  herb  here  spoken  cides  with  the  tropics,  or  is : 

of  ]ssuppoeedtobethe/ro^v-6ia^  of  sharp  equator,  measured  on  an  < 

and  priokly  leaves,  and  of  a  very  bitter  dian:  and  the  sun  beingh 

ta«te.    Itiscal]ed5anltiiuin,fromthQisland  particular  day  in  June  ani 

Baidinia,  where  it  grew  in  great  abundance.  word  is  taken  by  Syneo.  fo 

It  la  said  to  have  caused  a  nonvulsive  kugh-  or  wtnter.    Again  by  mei 

tor  with  grinning.    Hence  Sardlnicut  ritut^  eold^  accordiog  as  the  ^nn 


BUCOUCA.    ECL.  VU.  89 

'orrida    jam  laeto  luigent  in  palmite  gemmflB. 

To.  Hic  focus,  et  taedae  pingues :  hic  plurimus  igois        ^*  Hlo  mi  fiwMi  m 
r,  et  aasidui  poates  fuligine  nigri.  60  ^  '^ 

Kiic  tanCikm  Boreao  curamua  fngora,  quantum 
.>kut  Qumerum  lupua,  aut  torrentia  flumina  ripaJi  **•  Q»*nt4m  aat  \m 

CoB.  Stant  et  juniperi,  et  castaneae  hirsutaB  :  S^lm^lllif  tor^uTS^ 

^trmta  jacent  paasun  sua  quaque  sub  arbore  poma :  mini^  eurani  ripat 

Oania  nunc  rident :  at  si  formosus  Alexis  55     53.  Hie  tt&nt  et  juai- 

Adootibvs  his  abeat,  videas  et  flumina  sicca.  |Mn 

Th.  Aret  ager  ;  vitio  moriens  sitit  aeris  herba : 
LJber  pampineas  inridit  collibus  umbras. 

JPhyllidis  adventu  nostrae  nemus  omne  virebit :  59.  std  onu%  mbm 

«J  upiter  et  laeto  descendet  plurimus  imbri.  60  Tirobit. 

Cos.  Populus  Alcidae  gratissima,  vitis  laccho : 
l^ormone  myrtus  Veneri,  sua  kurea  Phcebo. 
Phyllis  amat  corylos :  illas  dum  Phyllis  amabit, 
Kec  mvrtus  vinoet  corylos,  nec  laurea  Phoebi. 

Th.  PnLzinus  in  sylvis  pulcherrima,  pinus  in  hortit, 

NOTES. 

*^^  of  Gmecr  or  Ciqmeoni.    It  is  tlie  •ol-  54.  Poma  jaeenl^  kc    Miich  hath  beon 

^^tjee  of  Cmmeer^  or   tho  sammer   ■olstice,  said  upon  the  reoding  of  thie  line.    Somo 

'^'hieh  b  boro  mooat.     DefendiU:  in  the  read  it  thui ;  Poma^'a«en/«/ra/apamm,9iM»- 

^^■ao  ^  oofrftle.  que  sub  tua  arbore:  applee  lio  ■cattefed  aU 

4IL  PaimUe:  tho  ehoot  or  branoh  of  tho  around,   every  ono   uudor   ite    own    troo. 

^ioe    Qeow ;   tho  hadi,  or  first  appear-  Others  read  it  thue :  eua  poma  Jaeeni  ttraia 

^^eoo  of  tho  joonf  ahooto  of  treoo  or  shrube.  patHm^  tub  (fudque  arbore :  their  own  apploe 

CdoCt.*  froitAil— lertilo.  lie  scattered  all  around  under  every  or  each 

49.  Puiguet  ietdm :  fat  pinee ;  or,  wo  may  tree.  This  last,  Dr.  Trapp  b  fully  persuaded 
^^ke  imim  in  a  widor  sense,  implying  any  is  the  correct  reading.  Heyne  reacfs,  ifudque. 
f\iel,  or  combiistiblo  matter.  56.  Vtdeat  e/,  &c.    Tou  would  even  seo 

50.  PuUgitkie :  in  tho  senoo  otfittno,  Tho  the  rivers  dry.  Tho  word  ei  here  io  om- 
c^ittafoe  of  the  poor  seldom  had  a  chimney.    phatical. 

"X*ho  &fo  wao  mado  diroctly  undor  an  aper-  57.  ynio  aerit :  by  the  infection  of  tho 

ttiro  in  tho  roof  lo  discfaiarj|[0  the  smoke.  air ;  or,  the  excessive  heatof  the  air.  Siiii: 

We  may  well  supposo  tho  mtorior  of  the  is  parched. 

Wouse  to  bo  Uaeltmed  by  that  vapor.  58.  Liber.    A  namo  of  Bacchus.     800 

51.  Hk  fanfuai  euramut,    The  meaning  Ecl.  v.  69.    Inmdii :  hath  refused  the  sha- 

M :  we  care  nothing  for  tho  cold  of  Boreas.  dows  of  the  vine  to  our  hills.   The  meaning 

Borsas  is  tho  Grook  word  fbr  the  north  wind.  is :  the  vine  does  not  flourish  upon  our  hiUs. 

The  poota  say  ho  was  tho  son  of  Atirmut  60.  Jupiier:  the  air— condensed  vapor. 

ttl  dfvrsra  ;  or,  aoeordinf  to  others,  of  the  Lteio  imbri :  in  fertilizing  showers. 

liveff  Stiymon^  in  Maoodonia.    He  was  king  61.  Aleidm :  Hercules,  caUed  also  Aieidet^ 

«f Thraco, aad  eaniod  away  br  forceOry/^to,  from  Alemut^  his  |frand-father.   The  populua 

tW  danghtor  of  Eriethous,  kmg  of  Athens,  was  sacred  to  hmi.    It  is  said  he  wore  a 

^  whomhohad  two  soas,  Zefss  and  Caitut,  erown  of  white  poplar  leavos  when  ho  do- 

Hs  was  worahippod  as  a  god.  scendod  to  tho  infemal  regions. 

53.  Jutuperu    Tho  Jwiiporus  wasatree,  62.  Jfyriut,    The  myrUe  tree  was  saered 

^riBgokarp  oad  nanow  loavos,  andbearing  to  Venus,  on  account  of  the  delicacy  of  ita 

>  anll,  roiuid,  and  odorifbrous  fhiit.    Ser-  odor,  or  because  it  flouristies  best  on  tho 

nof  onderstaBds/ioMBim  and  eatianem  to  be  margin  of  the  sea,  out  of  the  foam  of  which 

tiw  iMs  whifih  afo  loaded  with  their  rv  she  is  said  to  have  sprung. 

■psetivo  fhiii.   Mr.  Davidson  takes  them  for  61.  laeeho:   a  name  of  Bacchus.     The 

tke  fhut  itooU^  aad  oonsidorB  tiani  in  oppo-  vine  was  sacred  to  him,  because,  it  is  said, 

■tioB  to  ttrmta  jaeeni:  tho  former  stand  or  he  was  the  inventor  of  wine ;  or  at  least 

kiag  ripoBJf  00  tho  boof^  tho  lattcr  in  taught  nion  the  cultivation  of  the  vine. 

odi  ^f^skm  oo^vor  tho  gronnd  nnder  their  &  Laurea.    The  laurel  tree  was  sacrod 

MBfoelm  taooa.    Himtim  :  rongh — prickl v,  to  Apollo,  on  account  of  his  beloved  Dap9nm% 

m  ofpoeitiutt  to  thooo  that  wore  smooth,  ^ho  was  changed  into  a  laiuol ;  therotea 

■OBtionoii  E«L  L  81 :  or  h  may  only  mean  it  is  called  tua^  his  own. 

Oa» thoy  woro jot fai tho shoU. SeoEd. x.76,  65.  Fraxinm :  tho  aah-U«a. 


40  p.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Populus  in  fluviis,  abies  in  montibus  ftltii 
Scpiiis  at  si  me,  Lycida  formose,  revisai 
Fraxinus  in  sylvis  cedat  tibi,  pinus  in  hoj 
M  E.  Usec  memini ,  et  victum  frustra  coi 
Ez  illo  Corydon,  Gorydon  est  tempore  i 

NOTES. 


70.  JCr  iUo  temport :  from  that  tiine,  Co-    is  in  imitation  of  Thooa 
lydon,  Oorydon  is  the  one  for  me.    Heyne    bat  fkr  inferior  to  the  ori 
rei,  thifl  line  is  onworthy  of  Virgil.   It 

QUESTIONa 


iTdon, 

Jbtmm 


What  is  the  lubject  of  this  paatoral  ?  Who  waa  Boreu  ?    1 

Whom  are  we  to  underatand  by  Corydon  Greeks  take  the  word  ? 

and    Thynis  ?     Whom  by  MeliboBus  and  For  what  is  the  word 

Daphnis?  talien  ? 

Where  is  the  scene  laid  f  What  do  you  nndent 

Who  comes  oflf  conqueror  ?  solstitium  ? 

li  this  pastoral  imitated  from  Theocritus  ?  For  what  is  it  nsed  Bffi 
Who  was  Priapus?  and  what  is  said  of  hini  ? 


ECL06A  OCTATA. 

PH  ARM  ACEUTRLi. 

DAMON,   ALPUESIBCEUS. 

Tnfs  pastoral  consists  of  two  parts:  the  firet  is  taken  chiefly  firom 
Theocritus :  the  latter  fi*om  the  second  Idyl.     The  shepherd  Damon 
his  miHtress,  Nisa,  and  is  much  grieved  at  the  success  of  Mopsus,  w 
in  obiaining  her  for  a  wife.      Alphesibceus  relates  the  charms,  < 
Bome  euchantress,  who  endeavored,  by  magic  arts,  to  make  Daphni 
Pharmticeutriay  the  title  of  this  Eclogue,  is  tho  same  with  the  Latin 
nifins  a  soreerest.    This  Eclogue  was  written  in  the  year  of  Rome  7 
eus  CensoHnus,  and  C.  Calvisius  Sabinus,  wero  consuls.     It  is  not  < 
was  inscribed,  whether  to  Augustus  or  Pollio ;  most  conmientatorB  a 
latUr. 

l.   Diceicus    musam     PASTORUM  Musam,  Damonis  et  Al| 
5!nJ!SLi      ui^^c^^  herbarum  quos  est  mirata  juvi 

ta^tes"  Ju5^n*ir*imSieI  Certantes,  quorum  stupefactaecarmine  lyn 
■kor   herbarom    mirata  Et  mutata  suos  requi^nmt  flumina  cursua 

NOTES. 

U  MuMom :  m  the  16080  of  earmm.  in  an  active  flonse  in  any  { 

4.  Mutaia  Jlumituk,  kc    This  lino  may  and  as  he  is  fond  of  imiti 

be  read  in  two  ways.    The  fint  and  easiest  it  is  better  to  suppose  tha\ 

U  given  in  the  ordo ;  the  other  is,  rniUalaJlu'  in  the  present  instance,  tha 

Mtfia  requihunt  tuoi  eturtiu.    In  this  caso,  here  from  his  uniform  prai 

nquieseo  must  be  taken  'actively,  and  mu'  the  verb.     Boside,  if  we  ti 

taia^  in  the  scnso  of  turbaia^  as  Runiis  in-  tively,  we  must  take  mu/oi 

terprets  it.    But  Vir^I  never  uses  that  verb  aoceptatinn. 


BUOOUGA.    EGL.  VLIL  41 

_  MaMm  dicemuB  et  AlphesibGei.  5  Mt ;    quorom  carmiiie 

•Tn  mihii  aeu  magni  Buperas  jam  saxa  Timavi ;  lynr^B  siupefacte  iunt ; 

^-  «II     •  •  I     •  •  •*  6t  uumina  mutata  (iMNM 

&ve  oram  Ulynci  legia  «quom  :  en  ent  unquam  ,„^  ^^„,  requiw^ 

lHe  diea,  mihi  cum  hceat  tua  dicere  &cta  !  duemtu,inquatn^  munin 

Sb  erit,  ut  bceat  lotum  mihi  ferre  pei  orbem  6.  Tu,  O  FoUio^  /mt 

SoH  Scaphodeo  tua  carmina  digna  cothumo !  10  mibit  leu 

Jk  te  principium :  tibi  deunet :  accipe  jusaiB  J^-  ,.*'"  }^.J^  ^^ 

^^       r         ^--       A         L  •^  • >_«         cum  liceat  mihi 

Oanmna  ccepta  tuis,  atque  hanc  sme  tempora  cucum  l^^   Principium  meo- 

Ider  nctnces  hederam  tibi  serpere  iauroe.  ,tim  laborum  erat  &  u» : 

Frigida  vix  cceio  noctis  deceaBerat  umbra,  metu  labor  desinet  tibi 

Oum  ro6  in  teneri^  pecori  gratissimus  herbi  est:  15     l^  ^'^^^  hanc  heda- 

Incumbens  tereti  Damon  sic  ccepit  olive.  '^•"'J?^',®    •/. 

Tv      i^  j*  •  Y      'A.       1  17*    O  Lucifer,  iim- 

Da.  Nascere,  prsque  diem  veniens  age,  Lucifer,  al-     cere,  priBvenienwiIie  ag« 

Conjugis  mdigno  Nissb  deceptus  amore  [mum :  aimum  diem :  dum  eg^ 

Diun  queror,  et  divos  (quanquam  nil  testibus  illis  deceptua  indigno  amore 

Profeci)  extremi  moriens  tamen  ailoquor  hor&.  20 

NOTES, 

I         h.  IHtemmt :  hi  the  ■enae  of  narrabimMM.  coyered  hia  landa,  and  ao  had  an  occasion 

6.  7\c  fluJU,  ftc.  It  ii  gener&llj  thought  given  him  for  writing ;  and  further,  that 
tbt  Uie  poet  addreues  himself  to  PoUio,  poeta  promiae  manj  thinga,  which  they  do 
vkft,  about  thia  time,  retumed  to  Rome  in  not  perform. 

Mmph,  baTing  overcome  the  Pmrthem,  a  ^^  sime  hane,  &c.    Pennit  thie  ivy  to 

piofleof///|frtetMi.    The  verb/ove,  or  otftu,  creep  around  thy  temples  amidst  thy  vio- 

WMt  be  aupplied,  to  make  the  aenee  com-  torioua  laurele— permit  me  to  crown  thee 

pbte.    EiUpMe  of  this  kind  are  iVequent,  ^ith  ivy,  while  othere  crown  thee  with  lau- 

juticalarly    among    the    poete.     Timan.  ^eL     Thia  ia  a  very  delicate  veree.     The 

omt  En.  L  S44.  poet  |,ere  entreata  hia  patr on  to  permit  hia 

7.  Sive  legi9,  ke.  Whether  you  coaat  {yy  to  entwine  about  hia  templea  among  hit 
aloBf  Uie  abore  of  the  Ulynan  aea.  lUyn-  yictorioua  laurela;  in  othor  worda,  to  accept 
MiB  waa  a  ve^  ezteiiaive  country  lying  on  these  hia  versea,  in  the  midat  of  hi.  vic- 
tte  right  of  the  Adriatio  eea,  or  gulf  of  tories.  The  poe!'c  crown  waa  originally 
Vaaice,  mduding  the  ancient  Liburma  and  m^de  of  ivy  excluaively,  afterwarda,  aome- 
OolMfM.  .SUtuaru.  ^yuer  properly  sig-  Umea  it  waa  made  of  Uurel:  but  the  tri- 
iifiei  any  plain  or  level  aurface,  whether  nmphal  crown  waa  always  made  of  laureL 
luderwator.    Erii:  m  the  eenae  of  odm/.  yietrireM  laurot:  alluding  to  the  triumph 

10.  Cthurna.    The  oothuniua  was  pro-    wjth  ^^ieh  he  was  honored  for  hia  vidory 
periy  a  high-heeled  ahoe,  wom  by  the  tra-    oyer  the  Partheni, 
Mliane  to  make  them   appear  taller;    by         ta    fn     .-    i-        i       : :  ^     4 

liaB,  the  prinee  of  Umgic  poetry.    He  waa        ^^-  Prmtemem.    The  parta  of  the  vorb 

«leaiporarT  with  Pendee.     Tua  earmina  ^  Mparated  for  the  aake  of  the  verse,  by 

«Is,  Ik.    Your  verses  alone  worthy  of  the  TmeaU.     Thia  figure  U  frequent  among  Uie 

batkin — worthy  of  being  introduced  upon  POf^    Lueifer:  the  moraing  star,  or  Venns. 

tlM  suge.    The  eothumui  U  hero  called  "  «•  ««iW  Lucifer  when  going  befoie  the 

BophocJean,  because  Sophocles  introduced  •«»  5  Hesperus,  when  following  afler  him. 

it  apon  the  stage.    Pollio  was  not  only  a  Thero  U  a  fitness  and  propriety  in  Damon*s 

lUtesman,  but  a  poet,  and  a  distingaUhMl  caUing  npoo  the  star,  or  planet  Venus  to 

writer  of  tragedy.    See  Eel.  iv.  1«.  »ri»e,  aa  if  to  lUten  to  hU  complaint,  ainee 

U.  Principium,kc.  ThUlineU  elliptieal.  it  waa  a  love  affair.    J9gt:  in  the  aense  o# 

Tks  ellipsis  is  snpplied  in  tbe  ordo :  the  be-  ^^» 

naung  of  my  labors  waa  from  Uiee;  my        1«.  Confugit.    CoivW  hero  U  a  betrothed 

Ubors   shaU   end    with  thee.    From   this  ^  expected  wife.      Indigno  am»re:    maj 

ciiewwlanca,  some  have  been  led  to  think  ^»^^  immodorate  love ;  or  a  love  Ul-reqm* 

(kt  tbe  poet  aUndes  U>  Aogustus,  and  not  tod— a  love  of  which  NUa  was  unwortkj. 
fa  FoOio.    He  wrote  hU  first  Edogue,  it  io        20.  Pro/eei :   I  have  gained,  or  prollled 

kee,  to  compliment  the  gsnerosity  of  hU  nothing.    JlHt  tetHbut.   It  would  seem  that 

iBeen,  and  the  JEneid  to  natter  his  vanity.  Nisa  had  pledged  her  faith  to  Damon,  aad 

lilipa)  aro  to  romember,  itwaa  throogh  the  called  the  gods  to  witneaa  it;  yet  aha  iriflk 

inlerasl  and  friendship  of  PoUio,  Ihat  he  ro-  Jated  htr  promiiea. 


48  r.  TIAOIUI  AIAROIflS 

Incipe  Maenalios  mecum,  mea  tibia,  mi 
MaBnalus  argutumqne  nemus  pinosque  k 

fS.  Ille  mam  Jittnahu  Semper  habet :  semper  pastorum  iUe  au 

t4.  PMsaiei/oalamoB  Panaque,  qui  piimus  calamoe  non  passo 
'^  Incipe  Maenalios  mecum,  mcta  tibia,  vm 

Mopso  Nisa  datur  :  quid  non  speremns  i 
Jungentur  jam  gryphes  equis ;  evoque  i 
Cum  canibus  timidi  Tenient  ad  pocula  di 
Mopse,  novas  incide  faces ;  tibi  ducitur 
Sparge,  marite,  nuces ;  tibi  desertt  Hes] 
Incipe  MsBnalios  mecum,  mea  tibia,  ven 

8J.  O  AVta  conjuBcta  O  digno  conjuncta  viro  !  dum  despicis  c 
digno  viro ;  dum  doipi-  jXunque  tibi  est  odio  mea  fistula  ;  dumc 
eu  omnw  aitot  tt*      \  •!.  i*  i. 

S4.    Prolixaque  mea  Hirsutumque  supercihum,  prohxaque  ba 

barba  tuni  Hbi  odio,       ^^  curare  Deilm  credis  mortalia  quero 

Incipe  MsnaHos  mecum,  mea  tibia,  ven 

Sepibus  in  nostris  parvam  te  roscida  ma 

38.  Vidi  to  adhue  par-  (Dux  ego  vester  eram)  vidi  cum  matre 

▼am    legentem    rocida  Alter  ab  undecimo  tum  nie  jam  ceperat 

^  Jam  fragiles  poteram  a  terrft  contingere 

NOTE8. 

21.  MmnaHoi  vernu :  Mienalean,  or  pas-  eastward,  would  obflerf 

tor^  versee — euch  aa  used  to  be  aung  on  or  eettling  behind  it.    Hi 

mount  MienaluB  in  Arcadia.    It  was  sacred  them,  the  ezpression  is 

to  Pan.    Bj  reason.of  its  pleasant  groves,  the  evening  star  is  settinj 

and  whispering  pines,  it  was  much  frequent-  the  evening  somewhat 

ed   by  shepherds,   where  they  sang  their  would  not  be  an  unpls 

loves.     The  poet  penonifies  the  mountain,  to  the  new-married  cou| 

and  makes  it  iisten  to  the  songs  of  shep-  34,  Hirsuivm  supercU 

herds.  shaggy  eyebrows.  Therc 

22   Loquenta:  whispering — ^tuneful.  of  complaint  afainst  / 

24.  Q^uiprimut:  whofirst,  ^.    See  Ecl.  these,  and  his  lonf(  bo 

ti.  31.    Inertet :  in  the  sense  of  inuiilet,  possess  no  charms.     Ba 

27.  Oryphet:  griffons.  They  were  fa-  serves,  the  ground  of  hi 
bulous  animals,  having  the  body  of  a  lion,  this :  that  her  cruelty  ai 
and  the  wings  and  beak  of  an  eagie.  heartened  him,  asto  reiM 

28.  Dama  (imidi :  the  timid  deer.  jid  his  outward  appearance. 
voeula :  m  tne  sense  of  ad  aquam^  vel  potum ;  35.  Mortalia :  things 
by  meton.  Tliis  line  is  both  beautii 

29.  IneidefaeeM.  It  was  a  custom  among  37.  /n  nottria  tepitnu . 
the  Romans  to  lead  the  bride  to  the  house  — gardens,  fields.  Thii 
of  her  husband  with  lighted  torches  before  iowing  linee  are  extrei 
her.  These  torches  were  pieces  of  pine,  or  show  the  hand  of  a  mi 
•ome  unctuous  wood,  which  were  cut  to  a  stances  here  ennmeratf 
point,  that  they  might  be  lighted  the  easier.  young  shepherd,  his  beii 
It  was  usual  to  have  five  of  these  torcheo.  the  iK^ughs,  his  ofiicioyi 
Hence  dueere  uxorem^  came  to  signify,  to  girl  and  her  mother  gi 
marrjawife;  itissaid  ofthehusband:  nv-  his  falling  in  love  witl 
bere  riro,  to  marrj  a  husband ;  this  is  said  time,  are  so  well  ehose 
of  the  wife.  pressed,  tbat  we  may  oi 

30.  Sparge  nucet:  scatter  nuts.  It  was  as  one  of  thoee  happv  i 
a  custom  among  the  Romans  at  nuptials,  which  characterise  tm 
for  the  husband  to  throw  nuts,  Sec.  upon  the  Rotcida,  By  thia  we 
floor,  that  the  boys  and  the  rest  of  the  com-  Heyne  obeerves,  that  tl 
pany  mi|^t  divert  themselves  in  gathering  with  the  dew  of  the  n 
them.  Hetperut  deterii  Oetam  lib  :  the  determine  the  time  of  I 
•voning  star  is  leaving  Oeta  for  yoo.  Oeta  took  their  walk  into  thi 
was  a  mountain,  or  rather  range  of  moun-  39.  ,Alter  annut^  ke, 
taina,  of  great  height,  in  Theasaly .  The  in-  afler  the  eleventh  had  ji 
habitanfa  of  Attica  and  Beotia  being  to  the  I  had  just  entered  my  P 


BUCOUCA.    £CL.  VIIL 


43 


Ut  TxdL,  ot  perii,  ui  me  maliis  abetulit  error ! 
iBcipe  Mwnalio»  inecuiii,  mee  tikHa,  «ennie 
NuDC  eck>  quid  nt  unor.    Duiis  in  cotiboe  illum 
ImBeftoe,  aut  Rhodope,  aut  eztremi  Garamantes, 
Nw  geiieiiB  noetri  puerum,  nec  sanguinis  edunt. 
locipe  Bfmaiioa  mecum,  mea  tibia,  versus. 
SsTUs  amor  3ocuit  natorum  sanguine  matrem 
CoDmmeulare  manus:  crudelis  tu  quoque,  mater: 
Cmdelis  mater  magis;,  an  puer  improbus  ille  ? 
Improlnis  ille  puer,  crudelis  tu  quoque  mater. 
LMape  Mraalios  mecum,  mea  tibia,  versus. 
Nuoc  el  oves  ultrd  fugiat  lupus,  aurea  dur» 
MaJa  feiaiit  quercust  narcisso  floreat  ainus, 
Pinguia  cortictbus  sudent  electra  myricae. 
Ce^ient  et  cycnis  ululs :  sit  Tityius  Orpbeus: 
Orpkeus  in  sylvis ;  inter  delphinas  Arion. 
faftcipe  Msnalios  mecum,  mea  tibia,  versus. 
Ooima  Tel  medium  fiant  mare :  vivite  sylvie. 
PiKcepe  aerii  specuU  de  montis  in  undas 
Defeiar :  eztremum  lioc  munus  morientis  habeto. 


45  46.  Ednot  ilhm  m 
dnrif  cotibus,  pnflniiB 
iMo  noBtri  i^nerii,  nea 
natiri  sanguinis 

48.  Tu,  O  mater  erm 
quoque  crudelifl :  erasiu 

50  mater  magis  crudelia,  ao 
Ule  puer  magit  impro* 
bus!  ille  puer  erai  im* 
probui;  «^  tu,  O  matart 
quoqne  erat  crudeUs. 


66 


60.  Habeto  #u  hoe  o>» 
tremum  munua  hd  mo* 
60  rientis  amaioris 


NOTE8. 


41.  CA  mdit  «1,  ko,  How  I  gaied,  how  I 
how  a  fatal  delnaion  carried  me 
Kothing  can  ezceed  thia  line  in 
of  axpr— ion.  Tke  me  mahu 
errw^  lepreoents  him  as  snatched 
hiineaif,  deprived  of  his  reason  and 
,  aad  loat  m  wonder  and  admira- 
,  while  ho  rarvefed  lier  beauteous  form, 
an4  attimctiv  ehama.  It  ako  oooTejs  to 
■i  a  jwt  idoa  of  tho  aatnre  of  love,  which 
liolnii  dolofliTO,  deoeptiTOi  and  nnsnccess 
fci,  00  orao  the  partioalar  caoe  of  Damon. 
£rror.*  ia  tlio  soooo  of  tnsonio,  yel  ooier, 
o^foH^jBO.    Mmbuz  fiUal — nnhappj. 

m,Ieo.  famarao  and  Rhodope 
two  Torj  wild  and  rochj  monntains  in 
Tkiaeo.  Qarmmamim*  Tlieoo  woro  a  saTage 
looflo  iBhohiliaa  tho  iatorior  partsof  Africa. 
boMo  Choj  oro  horo  eollod  csfnaM. 

4&  Edtmi:  ploinlj  €at  edermU^  bj  Lnal- 
lito;  aadtlMt  iatho  onoo  of  jnwhurerun/ 


47.  JfSolrcoi.     Modoa,   tho  daufhtor  of 
knf  of  Colehia,  a  fiunooo  soroeress. 
iril  ia  loTo  with  Joooa,  eiie  of  tho  Ar- 
and  bj  hor  difoetiono  ond  aasist- 
ho  oUohMd  tho  goMoa  fleooe.    She 
hiiii*  aad  reliunod  with  him  to 
TWoBoly •    Ho  oftorwoido  ropadiated  her, 
BMniod  Grdias,  tho  doMfater  of  tlio 
ofCorialh.    la  lOToafo  rar  whieh,  she 
tho  ehildioBffWboBi  riio  boio  him,  bo- 
hio  ofoa.    8oo  Ovid.  Mot.  7.    DoeuU: 


otpoBuere, 


btho 


of  to^piilil. 

r.-iathoi 


hfwitrifai,  Ieo.    Now  maj  the 
•WB  oooord  floo  ftom  tho  aheep ; 
fa.    Aoifhohadaoid:  aow. 


the  natural  couiftC  of  things  maj  be  chang- 
e«i.  The  taiost  nnliJcelj  and  unnatural  thingi 
niaj  take  place,  since  a  woman  is  found 
capable  of  such  uafeeling  and  cruel  conduct. 

63.  Alnue:  the  alder-tree.  ^Tareueo:  tho 
flower  dqjfodiL    See  Ecl.  u.  46. 

54.  Myriem:  shrubs— tamarisks.  Tho 
word  is  sometimes  taken  for  pastoral  poetrj. 
Sudent:  in  the  sense  of  ttilleni.  Eiecira 
pinguia:  rich  amber. 

55.  TiiyruttiiOrpheut^iic  MaTTitjma 
become  an  Orphens ; — Orpheus  in  the  woods, 
and  an  Orion  among  the  dolphins.  Orion 
was  a  famous  Ijric  poet  of  Lesbos,  who,  on 
his  retum  home  from  Italj  with  great 
wealth,  was  cast  into  the  sea  bj  the  sailors 
for  the  sake  of  his  monej.  A  dolphin  that 
had  been  charmed  with  his  music,  it  is  said, 
took  him  on  his  back,  and  carried  him  safe 
to  Tloiiona,  a  town  on  the  southem  pro« 
montorjofthePeloponneeus.  TorOrpheui^ 
oee  Eel.  iii.  46. 

58.  Omniaveimedium^iLc  Letallthings 
become  oven  the  middle  of  the  sea — the 
deep  oea.  Since  I  mnst  perish,  let  all  tho 
world  be  drowned.  Vioiie:  elegantlj  put 
foroolele. 

59.  Speeula:  the  top,  or  snmmit.  Itpro* 
porlj  signifies  anj  eminence  which  con- 
mands  a  proepoct  of  the  countrj  around  it, 
Aerii  moniii,  Tkis  maj  allude  to  the  ih- 
mouo  rock  in  Arcadia,  called  the  I«nror^ 
leap ;  ftom  which,  thosi •,  who  threw  tboflH 
selyee  into  tho  soa,  were  cured  of  their  loro. 

60.  Deferar,  This  appears  to  be  nood  ia 
the  senso  of  the  Greek  middle  roioo,  whioh 
generallj  hath  a  rofliz  significatioa*.  1  ^A 
throwajooUI 


«4  P.  yiRGiUI  MAAONIS 

Desine  MienalioB,  jam  denne,  tibia, 

62.  p&mon  dixit  hcBc:  Hffic  Damon :  V08,  qu»  respondeiit 
wm^  Pierides,  diciie  ea,  DJcite,  Pierides :  non  omiua  possuo 

'^W.   /foM  omnee   non      ^^'  ^^^'  *<1"^™^  «*  ™^^  ^"^ 
poieamne/arere  ornnia     Verbenasque  adole  pingues,  et  masc 

Conjugis  ut  magicis  sanos  avertere  i 
Experiar  sensus.  Nihil  hic  nisi  car 
Ducite  ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmii 
Carmina  vel  ccelo  possunt  deducere 
Carminibua  Circe  socios  mutavit  Ul 
Frigidus  in  pratis  cantando  rumpitu 
Ducite  ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmii 
7S.  PrimAm  circumdo  Tema  tibi  haec  pnmiim  triplici  divej 
-  tema  Ucia  tib^  di-  j^-^  circumdo,  terque  b«c  altaria  i 

Effigiem  duco.     Numero  Deus  imp 

Ducite  ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmb 

Necte  tribus  nodis  temos,  Amarylli^ 

78.  Nceto  eof  modh :  Necte,  Amarylli,  modd :  et  Veneiia 

^  Ducite  ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carml] 

81.  Sic  Daphni.  em./-  Jl»""«  "^  *"«  durescit,  et  hec  ut  cei 

Uaiw  nostro  tJno  eodcmque  igm  :  sic  nostro  Da: 

83.  Ego  uro  hanc       Sparge  molam,  et  firagiles  incende  t 

NOT£S. 

63.  Pieridtt:  the  Muaee.  They  were  eo  perfectof  all  nnmbi 
ealled  frora  Pieria^  where,  it  is  aaid,  thej  beginning,  the  midi 
were  bom.     See  Ecl.  iii.  60.                      .  ta :  diveraified — rm 

64.  Effer  eupiam.  Here  Alphesiboens  per-  74.  Cireumdo :  h 
•onates  eome  enchantresa,  who  by  charme  78.  yeneris :  ha 
and  magic  rites  endeavon  to  mako  Daphnis  Moeih :  in  the  eenec 
in  ioYe  with  her.  The  worde  are  supposed  80.  Ut  hie  Lim 
to  be  addressed  to  her  senrant  maid  Ama-  made  two  imagee 
ryllis,  mentioned  verse  78,  infitu  {limui)  to  roprom 

65.  yerbenas,  A  species  of  plant  or  herb  waz  {eera)  to  re 
ealled  verrain,  much  used  in  ma^c  opera-  former  would  nat 
tions.  It  is  Bometimes  taken  for  all  kinds  other  melt  in  the  m 
of  herbs  used  in  such  rites.  Mateula,  By  ceivod  opinion  thi 
this  we  aro  to  underatand  the  strongest  and  and  consumed,  so  < 
best  kind  of  frankincense.  sentod  melt  and  dli 

66.  Ut  experiar:  that  I  maj  trj  to  tnm  his  crueltj  and  hi 
awaj  the  sound  mind  of  mj  sponse :  i.  e.  his  mistress ;  whilc 
tbrow  hini  into  a  violent  passion  for  me,  ed  bj  the  other  fl|f 
causin^  liim  tu  iose  hie  reason  and  judg-  and  more  indiffere 
ment.    Conjtix^  here  means  an  intended  or  love. 

pecicd  husband.    Bj  it  we  are  to  under-  82.  Spargt  molm 

atand  Daphnis,  who  it  leems  had  leit  her  salt-cake.    The  M 

for  somo  other  mistreas.    Saeris:  rites,  or  much  used  in  saoi 

eeremonies.  the  flour  of  gfrain  t 

67.  Carmirui:  charm»— a  solemn  form  of  highlj  seasoned  w 
words ;  to  which  the  ancients  attributed  npon  the  forehead 
freat  efficacj.  the  fire.    Ineende: 

70.  Circe,    The  narae  of  a  fiLmous  aor-  rels  with  bitumen. 
eeress.    See  Mn.  vii.  10.  to  consume  the  flea 

71.  Cantando:  ger.  in  <fo,  of  the  verb  aoconnt  these  ritei 
eanio,  Rueussajs:  dwn  ineantaiur :  while  cake  was  crarabied 
the  incantations  or  roagic  ritcs  are  per-  the  victims  in  saeri 
forming.  turo  of  these  ridiei 

73.  Triplici  eilore:  with  triple color.  The  83.  Malut  Dapkn 
ancients  had  a  JP^^  veneration  for  the  me ;  I  burn  this  laa 
onmber  three.     This  was  thcogl  t  tho  most    his  image.    Bj  bol 


BUCOUCA.    £CL.  Vni.  4B 

8  me  mihis  urit,  ego  banc  in  Daphnide  iauram. 

ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  ducite  Daphnim. 

mor  Daphnim,  quahs,  cum  fessa  juvencum         86     86.  UHfum  tal»  imnr 

DDora,  atque  altos  quaerendo  bucula  lucos,  occuptt  Daphnim,  qua- 

r  aquae  rivum  viridi  procumbit  in  ulvl  ^   *^"™   bucula   r«Ma 

^  •   '^  j        1  ^*  querenuo  juvencuia  per 

miee  aene  memimt  decedere  nocti :  2^^^,^  ^J,j„^  ^^^  \^ 

mor  leneat :  nec  sit  mihi  cura  meden.  89  cos,  procumbit 

ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  ducite  Daphnim.       89.  Teneat  Daphnim 

\m  ezuvias  mihi  perfidus  ille  reliquit,  55.  M«rii  ipM  dedil 

a  ciumt  sui :  qiue  nunc  ego  hmine  in  ipso,  norba» 

tibi  mando :  debent  haec  pignora  Daphnim.  ^ 

ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  ducite  Daphnim. 

triMS,  atque  haec  Ponto  mihi  lecta  venena  95 

idit  MoBria ,  nascuntur  plurima  Ponto.  •8.  Enim  plunma  ••• 

0  aepe  lupum  fieri,  et  se  condere  sylvis  neiui  natcuntur  tn  Pon- 

"^      r        .    .  ^        .  ,  ,  ^  to.    Ego  vidi  MoBnn  w- 

,  8cpe  ammas  mus  excire  sepulchns,  ^„  ,|p^   fig,i   ^^^^^ 

■atas  alid  vidi  traducere  messes.  hi«  venmt«,et  condere  m 

ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  ducite  Daphnim.    eylvia ;  yidi  Htmn  eapt 

leres,  Amarylli,  foras :  rivoque  fiuenti,  101  «^cire 

|ue  caput  jace  :  ne  respexeris.    His  ego  Daphnim 

liar    nihil  ille  Deos,  nil  carmina  curat. 

ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  ducite  Daphnim 

:  corripuit  tremuhs  altaria  flammis.  106 

NOTES. 

ieanjfitwaathoughtthatthoyburnt  thougkt  to  be  verj  efficacioui  in  enetiant^ 

•OB  himself ;  or  Uiat  •ome  how  or  menta.     Accordinglj  she  lays  much  stresi 

M  was  affected  in  a  simiiar  manner.  upon  them  ;  she  is  sure  they  will  bring  hiro 

■BCWCTcm :    the  bull.     Talii,     Here  home  to  her.    One  part  of  these  magic  ritee 

ipnsof  the  words,  oecupat  juoeneam^  was  to  bury  the  clothes  of  the  lover  under 

1  other  of  the  like  import,  to  make  the  threshold,  to  constrain  him  to  return. 
le  oompleie.  95.  Ponto.  Pontus,  an  extensive  coun* 
fkm :  a  kind  of  sedge,  or  meadow-  try  in  Asia  Minor,  bordering  upon  the  £uz- 
Some  oopies  have  herba.  ine  sea.  It  abounded  in  poisonous  herbs. 
^crtftla .' wretched—Hlesperate;  with-  Mithridates,  king  of  Pontus,  rendered  his 
•  of  finding  the  object  of  her  search.  country  notorious  by  the  long  and  bloodj 
m  9M€tit  tuL  8he  is  so  intent  upon  wars  which  he  maintained  against  the  Ro- 
•ct  of  her  love,  that  she  thinks  of  mans.  He  was,  however,  at  last  overcome 
:  dse— ahe  thinks  not  of  retuming  by  Pompey  the  Great.  Vtnena :  magie 
iwa  thoiigh  if^be  Ute  at  night.  />e-  plants.  Those  of  a  poisonous  quality  were 
orm  necft  .*  to  jield  or  give  place  to  considored  the  most  eflicacious,  and  were 
r  Bifht.  particularlj  songht  for,  and  required  in  all 
IMeri .-  lo  ciire  him.  enchantments. 

TU  fafihtM^  kc     That  perfidious  101.  Fer  einerei,    The    most  p6werfbl, 

vd)  formerij  l«ft  these  dothes  with  and  usuallj  the  last  efforts  of  the  enchanter« 

tha  dosLr  pledges  of  himself.     It  ap-  were  to  throw  the  ashes  of  the  magical  sa- 

Bnee  that  Daphnia  had  pledged  his  crifice  over  the  head  backward  into  rumdng 

her,  hat  afterward  violated  hu  word.  water.    Servius  sajs,  this  was  done  that  the 

itifies  the  ose  of  the  word  ccm/ux,  as  gods  might  catch  the  ashes  without  being 

to  him,  vene  66.  seen,  as  thej  were  unwilling  to  show  them- 

a  fjpse  Harine  :  in  the  verj  threshold,  solves,  unless  on  extraordinarj  occasione, 

■co.    Servina  thinks  we  are  to  un-  102.  Ae  reapexeriM:   in  the  sense  of  ne 

1  ikm  «ntraneo  of  the   temple  of  reMpiee. 

oClMn,  of  Daphnis' own  house.   But  103.  ^ggrediar  hiMt  kc  With  these  aslief 

tcrtoiaiderstanditof  herownhouse,  I  IviU  asuul  Daphnis.    AtAi/  and  nil  are 

that  hero  ahe  performed  her  of\on  used  as  simple  negatives,  in  the  eeiiee 

of  non :  he  doee  not  regard  the  goda,  kMm 

:  in  tho  eeiise  of  eoOTmt//o.  In  other  words,  he  doee  not  regard  hia  •»• 

;  theee  pledges  owe  Daphnis  to  lemn  promisee  made  in  the  presenoe  of  tho 

he  dolhee  that  a  pereon  once  wore,  gods ;  he  regards  not  mj  charms. 

iSkaa^  thaft  beloiigea  to  him,  wore  105.  A^^    This  and  tha  foUoinat^^    * 


46  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIB 

108.  Bomini  omen  Sponta  8ui,  dum  ferre  moror,  cmiB  i 

Nescio  quid  certe  est :  et  Hylax  in  1 
Credimus  ?  an,  qui  amant,  ipa  abi  8 

100.  O  MM  oafmina       Parcite,  ab  urbe  venit,  jam  parcite, 

NOTE8. 

to  etniff  tpte,  woro  spoken  by  Amai^llii,  as  107.  JVenetd  yuid^ 

appemn  nrom  dum  farre  moror :  while  I  de>  aome  bodj  ie  comini 

lay  to  carry  them.    U  we   attribute   the  whoitis.  Hylax*  1 

wordi  to  the  enchantress,  we  must  euppose  a  Greek  word  signil 

her  to  do  what  she  commandf  to  be  done.  108.  Credimtu  f  a 

But  beholding  the  aahee  kindle  the  altar  it  ?  or,  do  thoee  wh( 

into  a  trerablin|r  flame  of  its  own  accord,  in  themeelTee  f    Yea, 

a  tranjiporl,  she  exclaims :  may  it  be  a  good  ceaee,  my  ^>>«^i— ,  S 

omen .    The  anciente  considered  the  sudden  city. 
blazing  of  fire  to  be  a  good  omen. 

aUESTlONS. 

How  is  this  pastoral  to  be  dlTided  1  When  is  the  plane 

What  is  the  subject  of  il  1  When  Hespems  1 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word  Phar-  Can  you  mention  i 

wtacevlriaj  the  title  of  the  Eclogue  1  noticed  by  commenl 

Whcn  was  ihis  Eclogue  written  1  derl 

Who  were  consuls  1  Who  was  Medea  1 

To  whom  was  it  probably  dedicated  1  What  is  said  of  hc 

Why  do  yon  suppose  it  to  be  dedicated  to  Why  are  the  M 

PoUio  rather  than  to  Ao^tus  1  Pierides  ? 


ECL06A  NONA^ 

LYCIDAS,  MGERIS. 

Wviii  Augustus  divided  the  lands  about  Mantua  among  his  soldii 
feil  to  Ajius,  a  centurion.  When  he  went  to  re*onter  upon  his  i 
restored  to  him,  he  met  with  much  severe  treatment  (rom  thi 
one  occasion,  was  near  being  killed.  He  saved  his  life  by  sf 
Mincius.  In  consequonce  of  which,  he  retumed  to  Rome  to  ac 
the  matter.  He  leA  his  steward,  who  is  here  called  Mceris,  b( 
to  treat  his  new  landlord  with  civility  and  respect.  MoBris  is  gi 
tent  of  Bome  kids,  and  meets  Lycidas,  who  is  supposed  to  be  aa 
Upon  their  meeting  the  pastoral  opens.  The  scene  is  the  ro 
OTening  is  coming  on :  the  air  is  tranquil  and  serene.  The  pi 
plaint  of  Virgil*s  nard  treatment  under  the  character  of  Menai 
liis  friend  Varus,  and  another  to  Julius  Cesar,  and  consequeal 
ther  with  several  scraps  of  poetry  artfully  interwoven  with  th 
pastoral  is  elegant  and  beautiful. 

1.  O  MoDri,  quo  tui  Lyc.  Qud  te,  Mceri,  pedes  ?  an, 
pMles  dueuni  te  ?  an  A^.  ^^^  q  Lycida,  vi vi  pervenimus ;  i 
jTdiJdt?  ^"^Quod  nunquam  veriti  sumus)  ut  poi 

N0TE8. 

iL  Fim  ptmnfmtit  .*  we  ItTing  have  eome  fy  intrudiftg^^uturpi 

lo  thal  oondition— or  have  HvmI  to  see  the  in  the  present  case,  ] 

day,  that,  &e.   Adoena :  a  noun  of  common  all  of  them. 
geiidar,  here  uaed  as  an  adj.    Ji  roay  signi- 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  IX.  47 

Ihemt :  H»c  mea  suDt ;  veteres  migrate  coloni.  <•  Am  vM  ptnreiu- 

Hjoc  ▼icti,  tristes,  quoDiam  fors  omnia  versat,  5  mu«  «d  mufrut,  ut  U- 

Hoi  illi  (quod  ncc  bene  vertat)  mittimua  hoedos.  ""THSr^iuntmea; 

Lt.  Certe  equidem  audieram,  qui  se  subducere  colles  tro«,  O  yeteroB  coloni, 

fieipiunt,  moUique  jugum  demittere  clivo,  7.  Certd  equidem  an- 

Uique  ad  aquam  et  veteris  jam  fracta  cacumina  fitgi,       dieram  veBtmm  Dtmi' 

Ouia  carminibua  vestrum  servisse  Menalcan.  10  "^  Menalcan  nrvMee 

«.         *j-  ^i»         /••»  1  '       s.     s.\^  «w  omnia  arra  niti  car 

Mo.  Audieras,  et  &ma  fmt :  sed  carmma  tantOm  nunibue  ab  eo  loeo,  qui 

Noelxm  valent,  Lycida,  teia  inter  Martia,  quantum  coUee  incipiunt  rabdu- 

,.  CKioiiiaB  dicunt,  aquili  veniente,  columbas,  cere  se 

Qndd  nisi  me  qu&cumque  novas  incidere  lites  11.  Audlerae  i/lud,  et 

Am^  nnifltra  cavA  monuisset  ab  ilice  comix ;  1 6  '«^"  *^^  f*™*        , 

M  i  •     *«      •  .  •         s«       1  l*^*  i^oiuraDaa  voiefe 

liae  tons  hic  MQens,  nec  viveret  ipse  Menalcas.  14   q^^^  nieinnietra 

'      Lt.  Heu  i  cadit  in  quemquam  tantum  scelus  ?  heu  tua  comiz    monulBset    me 

'  Peoe  nmul  tecum  solatia  rapta,  Menalca !  [nobis  antd  ab  ilice  cava  inci- 

Qois  caneret  Nymphas  ?  quis  humum  florentibus  herbis   ^^^ 

8p*qsen«?  .«t  ^iridi  fonte.  induce«t  umbri?  «O^^J^  ^^  '^J^^^ 

V ei  qu«  sublegi  tacitus  tibi  carmma  nuper,  Bimui  tecum 

Cum  te  ad  deliciaa  ferres  Amaryllida  nostras  ?  21.  Vel  quU  eanerei 

*  *RtyTe,  dum  redeo,  brevis  est  via,  pasce  capellas :         carmina,  que  ucitu» 

*  Et  potum  pastas  age,  Tityre,  et  inter  agendum  23.  quorum  vert%ium 

*  Occureare  capro,  comu  ferit  ille,  caveto."  25  ^  "'  (^fT'*^"^  * 
MoK.  Immd  haec,  que  Varo,  necdum  perfecta,  canebat.     ^^  Immo  poHut  qtUt 

^  Vare,  tuum  nomen  (superet  modd  Mantua  nobis,  eanere/hBccarmifia,qu« 

iiUMenalcat 

NOTES. 

3.  AgeUi :  a  noun  diminutive  frora  a^er :  14.  Ineidere  novat  lUet^  &c.    To  break  off 

e  hulejarm,  my  new  disputes  in   any  way  whatever. 

5.  /ert  .*  in  the  eenee  offortuna.  Lit^  ie  properly  an  action  or  case  at  law. 

6.  Huod  nee  beni  vertai:  which  (present  15.  Sinittra:  ill-boding.  See  £cl.  1.  Itt. 
•f  the  kidaO  I  wish  niay  not  tum  ont  well  16.  Hie  tuut  Maris,  It  appean  from  thie 
to  kim.  The  uaual  mode  of  congratulation  that  the  Ufe  of  Virgil,  who  is  here  callod 
«pon  receiving  a  favor  wae :  Beni  vertat^  Menalcas,  and  that  of  Moeris,  had  been  io 
1  viih  you  joy — may  it  tum  out  well  toyou.  danger  from  the  new  landlord. 

WK  keni  vertai^  therefore,  wai  a  kind  of  im-  17.  Heu^  tantum  tcelut^  &c.  Alae !  that  no 

fncittoo:  wutjf  iifromem  mitehiefto  you.  great  wickednese  shouM  fall  upon  any  one. 

7.  Sukdueert  te:  to  deciine— to  fall.  Or  the  wordf  may  be  rendered  thus;  Aia8t 
a  Demiiierejugum:  to  lower  their  ridge,  that  so  great  wiclLedness  should  come  into 

m  tep,  hy  aa  easy  deacent.     Here  we  have  any  one^s  mind : — that  any  one  should  con- 

adeeeriptioBof  w  farm  of  Virgil.     It  was  ceive  the  idea  of  perpetrating  the  horrid 

iMBded  oo  one  nde  by  a  eloping  hill ;  in  deed  of  murder.    This  is  the  usual  sense 

^km  parta  of  its  limits,  were  tlie  broken  given  to  the  words. 

Iip  ef  an  old  beedi-tree,  a  marsh,  and  the  18.  Heu^  tua  tolatia^  &c.  Alos,  Menalcas, 

db«  MimeiuM,  your  delight  (the  delight  of  your  Bon?^  wa« 

i.  A4  mqumm  :  perhape  the  river  Mincius.  almost  snatched  from  us  with  yourself :  and 

l3.wf9in7areiuefi/e:theeaglecomingupon  if  you  had  been  quite  slain,  in  that  case, 

Aas— porsuing  them.     Here  we  have   a  vhoteouldhavetung  thenympht^Sic.  Heyne 

kHBtmil  ctreumlocution,  expressing  the  in-  observes  that  by  tolatia  we  are  to  undcr* 

■tility  of  has  versea,  and  the  charms  of  po-  stand  the  song,  carmina^  or  verses  of  Menal* 

fl;y,  amidst  martial  arms.     Chaoniat :  an  cas. 

m^tnm  Chaonia^  a  part  of  Epirus,  where  21.  SuhUgi:  I  purloined  from  you.    Ra- 

•■•  Ibo  citj  Dodoneu  and  a  grove  of  the  eus  says,  turripui, 

fluw  aame,  famooe  fbr  its  orarular  oaks.  22.  Jfottrat  detieiat :  Tor  nottram  amntetaiL 

two  dovee  endued  with  a  pro-  Delieia  is  used  only  in  the  plural ;  deHght — 

spirit  are  said  to  have  resided  amon£  darling :  here  a  mittrett. 

oaks.     Aflerward  one  of  them  is  said  24.  Age  pattat :   drive  them  fuil  fed  to 

le  kave  flown  to  the  temple  of  Apollo  at  drink.    Potum:  sup.  in  i<m,to  drink — lake 

Ai^i,  tad  the  other  to  the  temple  of  Jupi-  water.    Inter  agendum :  in  driving  thein  — 

%m  AauDon  in  Afnca.    They  are  hero  put  while  driving  them,  boware,  &c. 

loi  dmmeM  in  |e«Mral.  26.  Fmro:  to  Varus.    See  ExX.  ^  1 


48  P.  VJRGIUI  MARONJS 

17.  ^uorum  hoe  ett  ^^  MantUB,  Tie  misem  nimiuin  vicinB  Cm 
/Wwmen/tim ;  O  Vare,  u  Cantantes  sublime  ferent  ad  sidera  cyel 
SSm^n^n^"^  Ly.  Sic  tuB  Cymeas  fiigiant  examina  I 

Sic  cytiso  pastae  distentent  ubera  vaccas  • 
Incipe,  si  quid  habes :  et  me  fecera  poett 
Pierides :  sunt  et  mihi  carmina  :  me  quof 

34.  Ego  ncm  wm  cro-  Vatem  pastores,  sed  non  ego  credulus  ilB 
dului  illit.  Nam  neque  adhuc  Varo  videor,  nec  dioei 

35.  Nam  adhuc  videor  j^.         ^         ^^^  -^^^  strepere  anser  i» 
oiiAt  dicere  eorffitna  dig-     ^.       tj        j  ^  a     ^      r      •  j 
na  noque                           ^®*  *"  ^uwem  ago,  et  tacitus,  Lycida, 

SH.Jiunerecordor/rag"  Si  valeam  meminisse :  neque  est  ignobik 

«len/um  eju» :  adee  huc,  ^^  Huc  ades,  6  Galatea :  quis  est  nam  lud 

O  Galatea:  iv  jjic  ver  purpureum  ;  varios  hic  flumini 

^^  Fundit  humus  flores :  hic  candida  popi 

^^  Imminet,  et  lentae  texunt  umbracula  vil 

43.  Sine  ut  insani       ^^  Huc  ades ;  insani  feriant  sine  litora  flil 

44.  Qu»  carmina  an-     Ly  Quid,  quaB  te  puri  solum  sub  noc 

^^h"  urt^^tr**'  Audieram  ?  numeros  memini,  si  veAa  tfl 
fu   pura  noc  e  ^^    ^^  Daphni,  quid  antiquos  signomi) 

Eoce,  Dioniei  processit  Ccsaria  astrun 

NOTE8. 

18.  Crtmonm,  Cremona  was  a  citj  on  ipte  vohUo :  I  am  thinkiai 
th«  westem  bauk  of  the  river  Po,  not  far  aelf,  if  I  can  reooUect  it. 
ftom  Mantua.  Its  inhabitanta  were  in-  yolTuig  it  in  my  mind. 
Tolyed  Ln  the  tame  misfortune  with  those  of  39.  ^uisnam  ludut :  w 
Montua,  in  having  thoir  property  and  lands  in  the  waves  ?  The  partr 
taken  firom  them  by  Augufltus.  Hence  the  separated  by  Tmesifl.  N« 
•piUiet  miterm.  beautiful  than  the  whole 

t9.  Cycni :  properly  iwana.     By  meton.  It  ia  in  imitation  of  the 

poeta.    Tho  meaning  of  this  fra?ment  is,  Theoeritua. 

Ihat  if  Mantua  should  be  preeerved  from  the  40.  Purpurewm  :  blooa 

oalamity    which    had    befallen    Cremona,  to  be  supplied. 

Ihfough  the  influence  of  Vanu,  the  Man-  41.  Fundii :  in  the  mo 

tuan  poete  would  celebrate  his  praiaea  and  42.  Texunt:   in   the  i 

raiae  hu(  name  to  the  stars.    By  Canianiet  UmbrtMcula :  a  dim.  nonn 

miu,  taya  Heyne,  we  are  to  understand  the  tle,  or  pleannt  ahade. 

mtmtuan  poeit,  43.  Intani:  raffing— el 

30.  Cyrneat ;  an  adj.  fh>m  Qrmtif ,  an  44.  ^uid :  in  the  ■en* 
Uand  in  the  Mediterranean  lea.  Hodie  45.  Mimininumerot:l 
Cortictu  This  island  abounded  in  the  yew*  if  I  knew  the  words,  I 
tret :  hence  the  epithet  Cynean.  The  ho-  These  last,  or  some  othei 
aej  made  of  this  tree  waa  of  a  bitter  quali-  are  evidently  implied.  Q 
tT,  and  universally  considered  bad.  For  ti  in  the  sense  of  Utimm 
tUi  reason  Lycidas  wished  the  swarms  of  46.  Smt/ncit:  in  the  st 
hit  fiiend  to  shun  thooe  trees.  Extmitui :  47.  ^tirum,  This  woi 
•warms  of  bees.  a  consteilation  of  stara. 

3t.  Fotiam :  a  poet.     Kaiem :  a  poet,  or  here  for  a  single  star,  t 

ptophet.    These  words  are  ftequently  used  greater  dignity  to  the  st 

is  synonymous,  but  they  are  not  strictly  so.  gil  makes  nilus  the  sonof 

3S.  Cimi^    Comelius  Cinna,  the  grand-  of  the  Julian  family.    K 

Mii  of  Pompey  the  Great.    He  becmme  a  eon  of  Venus,  who  acoo 

&Torite  of  Augustua.  the  daughter  of  Diontt  i 

31.  Dignm :  things  woithy  of :  or  h  may  by  Jupiter.  Hence  tht 
agree  with  rarMtiuh  understood;  Terseo  Aboutthetimeof  Jufius 
worthy  of  tke  attention  of  Vanis  and  Cin*  said  a  remarkable  conn 
aa;  or  worthy  to  celebrate  tlMir  actioas.  tbe  Rumans  eoondered 
mrqpcrc  «iMcr:  to  gabble  as  a  gooae  among  C«sar  reoeived  Uf  to  I 
tueAil  swan»— to  make  inharmonioos  caHs  it  the  star  of  Cwai 
•owids^l^  Tulgar  notion.    "nds  ec 

33.  4ge:  in  theswMaoryMo.    TWtte    Dr  Halley,   appeared 


BUCOUCA.    ECL   IX. 


49 


"Aitniiii,  quo  aegetes  gaaderent  finigibus,  et  quo 

''Dnceret  apriciB  in  coUibua  uva  colorem. 

^^lneere,  Daphni,  [uros,  carpent  tua  poma  nepotes/'    50 

Qmaia  ^firi  «tas,  animum  quoque.     Sspe  ego  longoe 

Ckntando  puerum  memini  me  condere  soles. 

NuDC  oblita  mihi  tot  carmina :  vox  quoque  Moerim 

Jam  fugit  ipia :  hipi  Moerim  vid^re  priores. 

Sed  tamen  leta  satia  referet  tibi  saepe  Menalcas.  66 

Lt.  Cauaando  nostroe  in  longum  ducis  amores : 
El  nonct^mne  tibi  stratum  silet  aequor,  et  onmea 
f  Aapice)  ▼entoei  ceciderunt  murmuria  aune. 
lluic  ade6  media  est  nobis  via  :  namque  sepulchrum 
lneipit  apparere  Bianons :  hic,  ubi  densas  60 

Agncole  stiingunt  irondes ;  hic,  Moeri,  canamus : 
Bjc  hoedoB  depone,  tamen  veniemus  in  urbem : 
Aut  si,  noz  pluviam  ne  colligat  ante,  veremur : 

Cantantes  ticet  usque  (minus  via  Iffidet)  eamus. 

Cantantes  ut  eamus,  ego  hoc  te  fasce  levabo.  65 

Mis.  Deaine  plura,  puer  :  et  quod  nunc  instat,  agamus. 

Carmina  tum  noelius,  cum  venerit  ipse,  canemus. 


51.  Ego  memim  me 
puerum  saepe  condere 


65.  lita  corMtfia  tibi 

66.  LoaFnm  loRpui 


6f.  Tamen  veniemiui 
opportuni 

63.  Antd  quitm  perve^ 
rufimu»  ad  eam^  licet 
noln»  ui  eamua  oiqae 
cantantes. 

66.  Desine  loqui  plara 
eer6a 

67.  Cikm  MeruUeu»  ipee 


NOTES. 


IIML  In  ite  neareet  q>proaeh  to  the  ran, 
ki  Ufl  waa  abont  60  degTeee  long.  PrO' 
mrit;  movee  alonff— hath  begun  ite  coune. 
48b  i^uoe^tesjiic,  Under  which  (by  the 
■tnente  of  which)  the  fielde  thall  rejoice 
vitlieom.  Or,  the  arope  ehall  abound  in 
pun;  taking  «<^et  for  the  etalkf  or  spring- 
ii|  eern.  Oau&rmt^  by  enallage  for  gaude- 
w.    Saia  abundabuni  JruMenlOiao.y»  Ru- 


49.  Ooa  dueerei  eolorem:  ehall  take  co- 
Im>— giow  ripe.  Dueerti:  fbr  dueei^  hj 
inailaga. 

50.  huerepiro»:  plant  or  srafl  your  pear- 
IreeB.  The  etar  of  Ccear  waU  extend  ite 
hiflBenca  to  them.  They  will  grow  and 
ioatmk ;  and  if  yon  ehonld  not  liyo  to  reap 
Ihe  frnit  of  jour  labor  youreelf,  be  aesured 
yew  oflbpring  wilL  Piro»  may  be  put  for 
mit  tioea  in  geoeral:  the  »peeie»  for  the 


Sl.  JEimt:  iatheeenee  of  tempu»,    Artir 
mm;  fai  the  eeine  of  wumoriam» 
5C  Coadere  UmfO»  Solm :  to  pase  or  spend 
days  in  einging.    Sol  ie  onen  taken  for 
Che  day,  ae  Lunm  ie  for  the  night.    See  Mn. 


SC  Lu^  priorm:  the  wolvee  firet  have 
Hi  Msne.  He  hath  loet  hie  voice — ^he  can- 


AHading  to  a  anperetitioaB  notion 
if  a  weAf  eaw  a  man  the  firet,  he  would 
UeviHee. 
ii^Jii^frrei  :  in  the  eenee  of  reeiiabii, 
:  by  fimming  ezcueee.  From 
JDuei»:  you  put  off— defer. 
pleaenre    entertainment. 
tn   Oam*»iraimn»»quor^kc.    Thewhole 


5 


level  surfaoe  of  the  water,  ie  etill  for  yoQ« 
Straium:  emooth — level.  To  consider  <lra 
tum  ae  expreesing  the  tranquillity  of  the 
water  ie  mere  tantology :  that  is  auificiontly 
expreesed  by  »ilet,  JEqttor  any  plain  or 
level  surfaee,  whether  land  or  water ;  here, 
probably,  the  river  Mineiu»,  Omne»  aura<t 
&c.  Every  broexe  of  whispering  wind  hath 
ceased.  Venioei  nmmnuri» :  in  the  eense  of 
mwrmuranii»  venti, 

59.  Adeb:  only — surely. 

60.  SepulehruM  Bianori»:  the  tomb  of 
Bianor.  He  was  said  to  be  the  son  of  the 
river  Tiber  and  the  nymph  Manto.  He 
founded,  or  rather  enlarffed  Mantua,  and 
called  it  afler  tbe  name  of  his  mother.  See 
£n.  10.  198.  His  tomb  was  placed  by  the 
side  of  the  way. 

61.  Stringuni:  pnme,  or  lop  off  the  thick 
boughs. 

62.  Urbem,  The  city  Mantua.  Depone 
hado» :  lay  down  your  kide.  He  was  pro- 
bably  carrying  them  upon  his  shoulders. 
Let  us  stav  here  awhUe  and  amuse  our- 
selves  in  singing:  we  shall,  novertheless, 
arrive  in  town  in  good  time. 

64.  U»que:  all  the  way — all  the  time. 
Ladei :  in  the  sense  of  fatigabit. 

65.  Levabo  te,  &c.  I  will  ease  you  of  this 
burden — ^load :  to  wit,  the  kida,  which  ha 
was  carrying  to  town  for  his  new  landlord. 
See  verse  6,  supra. 

66.  Puer :  swain.  It  is  applied  lo  ahep- 
hcrds  in  general. 

67.  Cummte^kc  Itisprobable  thatVlr^ 
gil  composea  this  Eelogae  when  he  wae  at 
Rome.  ^ 


80  P.  VIRGrLTl  MARONIB 

QUESTIONS. 

To  whom  did  tho  efUte  of  VirgU  fkll  in  What  ii  tho  dLrtinistii 

the  distrihution  of  the  Mmntuan  lands  ?  and  yaies  f 

Did  he  receive  mnj  hard  treatment  from  What   remarkahle  aM 

Ariia  f    How  did  he  eaye  his  life  ?.   What  ■erved  in  the  heaTena  nm 

wae  the  name  of  hie  iteward  ?    Who  ie  L^  liui  CaMar^s  death  ? 

eidat  auppoeed  to  be  ?    When  doee  the  pas-  What  does  the  poet  eal 

toral  open  ?  Wbere  is  the  scene  laid  ?  What  When  did  it  appear  thi 

is  the  time  of  the  daj  ?  What  is  the  subiect  Who  was  Bianor  ?    WI 
oftbispastoral?  Whatisthecharacterofit? 


ECL06A  DECIMA« 


GALLUS. 

Tri  suly'ect  of  this  fine  pastoral  is  the  love  of  GaHus  for  Lycoris,  W 
dresses,  and  gM.Ye  her  affectiona  to  an  officer.  This  Gallus  was  a  | 
Virgil,  and  was  an  exceilent  poet.  He  raiaed  hiroself  from  a  huml 
imyor  with  Augustus,  who  appointed  him  goremor  of  Egypt  after  thc 
and  Cleopatra. 

Tum  scene  of  tbe  pastoral  b  laid  in  Arcadia,  whither  the  poet  sapposa 
retired  in  the  height  of  his  passion.  Here  all  the  rural  deities  assi 
inquire  the  oause  of  his  grief,  and  endeavor  to  moderate  it.  This 
passed  by  any  of  the  prec»ding,  ezoept  the  fourth,  in  beauty  and  gn 
Virgil  imitatee  Theocritus,  particularlj  in  his  first  IdyL  fiy  Lycorii 
a  most  beautifVil  woman,  and  oelebratod  actress. 

EXTREMUM  hunc,  Arethusa,  mihi  < 
.  %  Pauca  earmfaia  sunt  Pauca  meo  Gallo,  sed  quae  legat  ipsa  L 
dicenda  Carmina  simt  dicenda :  neget  quis  cam 

Sic  tibi,  cum  fluctus  subter  lab^re  Sican 
Doris  amara  suam  non  intermisceat  und 
Incipe,  sollicitos  Cralli  dicamus  amorea, 

NOTES. 

1.  ArttkmtL    A  nymph  of  great  beauty,  he  begat  the  nymphs  ca 

the  daughter  of  Nereus  and  Doris.    Also,  a  put  by  meton.  for  the  i 

fountain  on  the  island  Ortygia^  in  the  bay  salt  and  of  an  unpleasa 

of  Syraevut^  upon  which  stood  a  part  of  the  poet  prays  may  not  be  mi 

city.     Syracuse  was^famous  for  its  being  andpleasantwatersofth 

the  birth  place  of  Theocritus  and  Archime-  in  its  passage  under  thc 

des ;  and  for  its  raliant  defence  against  the  iEn.  iii.  694  and  6.    Alf 

Roman  fieet  and  army  under  Marcellus.    It  Peloponnesus,  is  said  tc 

was  taken  ailer  a  siege   of  three  years.  with  the  nymph  Arethu 

Coneede^  iic    Grant  me  this  last  work —  him,  was  tumed  by  Dii 

favor  me  in  the  ezecution  of  this  my  last  8ho  made  her  eacape  oi 

pastoral  easay.    The  reason  that  the  poet  ialand  Ortygia,  where  s! 

mvoked  this  nymph  ia,  that  she  waa  the  pheua  purauing  her  by  i 

goddesa  of  a  fountain  of  that  name,  in  the  up  in  the  aame  fountain 

plaoe  where  Theocritua  waa  bom,  and  where  with  hers.     Undam :  in 
pastoral  poetry  was  much  cultivated.  6.  OaUu    There  wei 

4.  7V6t .'  with  theo— with  thy  water.  the  name  of  OalUu,    T 

6.  Amara  Dorii,    Do^is,  a  nymph  of  the  is  Publiut  Corruliut  < 

•6»!  the  daughter  of  Occanus  and  Tethys,  himaelf  by  hia  extraord 

avd  maried  to  her  brothor  J^Tereus^  of  whom  favor  willi  Auguatus, 


V 


BUCOUCA.    ECL.  X.  :^1 

DoBi  tenerm  attondent  anue  virgulta  capeUie. 

Soa  canimuB  eurdie,  respondent  omnia  sylvae. 

QoK  nemora,  aut  qui  vos  saltus  habuere,  puelle 

Naiadea»  indigno  cum  Galius  amore  periret  ?  10 

Nim  neque  Pamassi  vobis  juga,  nam  neque  Pindi  H.  Nam  neque  uHa 

Ulia  moram  fecere,  neque  Aonia  Aganippe.  i^  ^,*^**"^»  ?T  "•" 

m™.  .tiun  lauxi,  iUum  etiam  flcvere  myric«.  ^^  t^rA^^t^-C- 

Pmifer  lOum  etiam  sola  sub  rupe  jacentem  nippe,  fecere  uUam  mo. 

Mcnalus,  et  gelidi  fleverunt  saxa  Lycei.  15  nm  vobis.    Etiam  l&uxi 

Stant  et  oves  circum,  nostrt  nec  poenitet  illas .  JUnmaU  illom 

Nec  te  poeniteat  pecoris,  divine  poeta. 

Et  formosus  oves  ad  flumina  pavit  Adonis.  ' 

Venit  et  upilio,  tardi  venlre  bubulci : 

UTidus  hybemi  venit  de  glande  Menalcas.  20 

Onuies,  unde  amor  iste,  rogant,  tibi  ?  Venit  ApoUo.  21.  Unde  oliste  amer 

Cklle,  quid  insams  ?  inquit :  tua  cura  Lycons,  ******  ^  ^*^ 

Perque  nives  aliunu  perque  horrida  castra  secuta  est 

Venit  et  agresti  capitis  Sylvanus  honore, 

N0TE8. 

fDTWBor  of  Egjrpt  afler  the  death  of  An-  15.  Monalui,    A  moontain  in  Arcadia, 

Umj  and  CleopatFa.      Hic  prince,  however,  celebrated  for  its  pines.    LyeieL    Lyccus, 

Ibr  lome  cauee  or  other,  concoiying  a  violent  a  mountain  of  the  aame  country,  noted  Ibr 

■fainat  him,  aent  him  into  banish-  its  rocks  and  enows ;  hence  the  epithet  ^e- 

;  whieh  aentenee  wat  ratified  by  the  lidi,    The  whole  of  this  passage  is  very 

k.    Thia  cruel  and  undeeerved  treat-  fine.    ItcontainBareprooftothenymphsfor 

had  rach  an  effect  upon  his  mind,  notanistinginalleyiatingthegTiefofGallus. 

that  he  killed  himeelf.    Afler  hie  death,  16.  Stant  et  ovcm^  kc  His  flocks  too  stand 

AQfnstiie  lamented  his  own  severity  and  around  liim — nor  are  thev  ashamed  of  hijn 

that  of  the  senate  toward  so  worthy  a  man.  ^nor  do  they  disrogard  his  grief.     Gallus 

GaUiM  wae  a  great  friend  of  Virgil,  and  isrepresentedunderthecharacterofaswain, 

higUj  eeteemed  by  Pollio  and  Cicero.    He  feeding  his  sheep  on  the  mountains  of  Ar- 

wis  a  poet  ae  well  as  statesman  and  soldier.  cadia.    J^Toitri:  our  friend — Gallus. 

It  tt  said  he  wrote  four  book  of  elegies  to  18.  Adonit,    He  was  the  son  of  Cinyras, 

CfAeriM^  whom  Virgil  odls  Lycorit.    He  king  of  the  island  of  Cyprus,  by  his  dau^ h- 

•iso  translated  some  part  of  the  worka  of  ter  Myrrha,    He   was  so   beautiful,   that 

£i0iWieit,  a  poet  of  bhalei»,  Venus  rankcd  him  among  her  favorites,  and 

7.  Simm:  fl(at-noeed.  honored  him  with  her  bed.    When  huntine, 

8.  ReMpomdent :  will  answer — will  eeho  he  received  a  wound  irom  a  boar,  of  whi<m 
back  oor  eong.  he  died,  and  was  greatly  lamented  by  her. 

9.  Hahmrt  «M :  in  the  sense  of  detinueruni  1 9.  yenit  et  upiiio :  the  shepherd  too  came, 
%M.  Jfamra  :  properiy  signifiee  a  grove  or  and  the  slow  moving  herdsmen  came.  Upilio^ 
wood  thiiilj  eet  with  trees,  where  flocks  may  for  opUio^  by  metaphasmus.  Opilio^  proba* 
fead  aad  graze;  derived  fi^m  the  Greek.  blv  from  oves^  by  changing  the  v  into  p, 

ib:  properiy  a  thick  wood,  whore  bushes  The  word  ei  is  oflen  used  to  express  empha- 

fallen  tiees  do  not  permit  animals  to  sis,  and  has  the  force  of  etiam  or  quoqft^  at 

withoat  leaping;  from  iolio,    Hatmert  in  the  present  case.    When  it  has  its  ror- 

«ee;  it^tasned  you  from  coming  to  console  respondent  et  in  the  following  member  •>/ 

GaUoe  in  hb  grief.    PueUa:  m  the  sense  the  sentence,  it  is  usually  translated  by  t)ie 

«f  ngmphm,,  word  both^  and  the  following  et  hy  and,    Tiie 

II.   Jnga:  in  the   sense   of  eacumina,  conj.  qtu^  when   it  has  its  correspondent 

^armattL     Pamaasus  was  a  mountain,  or  que^  is  rendercd  in  tho  same  way. 

Mtber  range  of  mountains  in  Phocis,  saorcd  20.  Uvidu»  de :   wet  from  gathering  the 

1»  the  Moace.    Pindi.    Pindus  was  a  range  winter  mast. 

itatas  in  the  confines  of  Epirus  and  21.  ,^poUo,    He  came,  the  first  of  the 

aleo  sacred  to  the  Muses.    ^^ga^  gods ;  because  he  was  the  god  of  poetry, 

the  name  of  a  fountain  issuing  22.  Tua  eura :  for  tua  amica, 

Helicon  in  BeoUa,  and  fiowing  24.    Sylvanu»,    He  was  tho  god  of  the 

iMetlieihrerPermesiua.  It  is  calied  ./loniayi,  woods,  andsaid  to  be  the  son  of  Mars.     He 

tr«i  ^oM,  the  floo  of  Neptune,  who  reigned  always  bore  on  his  head  a  branch  oC  cy^rw^ 

W  BaoikL  Like  Pan,  he  was  rapieeeuted  %a  ViaVC  mask 


52  P.  VIRGILfl  MARONIS 

Florentes  ferulas  et  grandia  lilia  quassaiu. 

26.  Qnem  nof  ipslTi-  Pan  Deus  Arcadiaj  venit,  quein  vidimus  i} 

*^^  Sanguineis  ebuli  baccis  minioque  rubentei 

Ec(iuis  erit  modus  ?  inquit :  amor  non  tal 
59.  Crudelif  ainor  nec  ^Jec  lacrymis  crudelis  amor,  nec  gramina 

'"ST  At  m^Uiitii  in  ^^^  ^^^^^^  saturantur  apes,  nec  fronde  ca 
qmil  umeiHoAic^  Tristis  at  ille:  Tamen  cantabitis,  Arcadei 
foi  Montibus  ha^c  vestris :  soh  cantare  periti 

Arcades.     O  mihi  tum  quam  molHter  oaa 

Vestra  meos  olim  si  fistula  dicat  amores ! 

35.    Utinam   fuifleem  Atque  utinam  ex  vobis  unus,  vestrique  fui 

u^us  e\  vobia  Aut  custos  gregis,  aut  maturse  vinitor  uvi 

37.  Ceiie  sive  Phillis,  Certe  sive  mihi  Phyllis,  sive  esset  Amyni 

«vo  Amyntae,  eeu  qui-  geu.  quicumque  furor  (quid  tum,  si  fuscu 
cumque  eseel  nuhi  fu-  -^^     r*  .\  .      :^        .   .    '  .         v 

ror,  jacoret  ^^  mgrjB  violBB  sunt,  et  vaccmia  mgra.) 

Mecum  inter  salices  lentll  sub  vite  jacere 

^-   J^j?»   ^   Lycori,  gerta  milii  PhyUis  legeret,  cantaret  Amy: 

'"44.^In«Liu.  amor  de-  ^!^  &®*^^^  ^^^^?h  *^^^  ^^^^^  P^^'  ^^^^^ 
tinet  me  in  armis  duri  ^^^  nemus :  hic  ipso  tecum  consumerer 

Martis  inter  Nunc  insanus  amor  duri  me  Martis  in  ar 

NOTES. 

and  half  goat.    He  fell  in  love  with  Cypa'        31.  Areadti,      Thieai 

ristus^  the  favorita  of  Apollo,   who   was  the  Arcadiane  if  tender  i 

changed  into  a  tree  of  that  name.    Agret-  cially  that  part  of  it  wl 

ti  honore  capUit :  with  the  rustic  honor  of  had    been   only  a  hum 

hbt  head — with  a  garland  of  leaves  upon  them. 
his  head.    Honore:  in  the  sense  of  corona.        32.  Hae:  these  my  m:' 

25.  Flortntet  fenUae:   blooming  fennel.        33.  O  quam  moUiter: 

There  are  two  kinds  of /em/a,  or  fennel,  mybones,  &c.;  alluding 

the  small,  or  common,  and  the  iarge,  or  notion  of  the  ancients 

giant  fcnnel.     This  last  grows  to  the  height  the  dead  might  be  oppre 

of  flix  or  seven  feet.     The  stalks  are  thick,  of  tho  earth  cast  upon  t^ 

and  filled  with  a  fungous  pith,  which  is  uscd  thcy  crumblcd  it  fine,  an< 

tn  Sicily  for  thc  same  purpose  as  tindcr  is  thcgrave,using  the  word 

with  U8,  to  kindle  fire.     From  this  circum-  may  the  earth  be  Hght  u 
«tance,  the  poets  feigned  that  Prometheus         34.  Olim:   hereaner. 

•tole  tho  hnavenly  iire  and  brought  it  to  earth  to  future  as  woU  as  to  pi 

in  a  stalk  of  ferula.     Somo  denve  the  name  the  sense  of  mea^  agrecii 
fr6m  ferendo^  because  its  stalk  was  used  as  a        36.  Vinitor:  a  vine-d 

walkmg-stick ;  othersdoriveitfVom/merufo,  be  used  here  in  the  sens 

bocause  it  was  usod  by  school-masters  to  gatherer  of  grapes — a  v 
•irikotheir  pupilswithon  thc  hand.    Hcnce        38.  Furor.     This  woi 

ihc  modem  instniment,  or  ferula^  wiiich  is  any  inordinate  passion, 

nsed  for  the  same  purpose,  though  very  dif-  rage,  fury,  and  the  like 

fortnt  from  the  ancient  one,  and  ci^able  of  ject  of  such  passion — 1 

fiving  much  greater  pain.  Fuscut:  black.    The  v 

37.  Rubeniem:  ttained  with  the  red  ber-  plied. 
ffkM  of  alder,  and  with  vermihon.    Ebuli.        39.  Vaceinia:  whortl 

KMum  if  the  plant  called  dwarf  elder.    It  ries.     Mr.  Martyn  takc 

glOtrf  aboat  three  feet  high,  and  bcars  red  flower  of  tho  hyacinth. 
Sirrlee.     In   England  it  nas  obtained  the        41.  Serta:  garlands  < 
MMM  of  dane-wort ;  because  it  was  fabled        43.  Consumerer^  &c. 

t9  have  flprung  from  the  blood  of  the  Danes,  very  life  here  with  yoa 

at  the  time  or  their  maiiacre.    It  is  chiefly  treat,  gazing  upon  tho 

Ibaad  la  eburch-yarde.    Jtftnto.    Minium  is  son.    Rusus  says :  ^ra<fi 

tiia  BatlTf  Htmibur,    It  was  the  vermilion  tecum.    But  contumeret 

af^aW|Anlf|  Hleoorpretent  red-Icad.  sense  of  the  Greek  m 

offinit,  was  fond  of  tho  Greek 

,  or  rills  of  water.        44.  Nune  intanut  an 

ItMM*  ing  of  this  passage  ap 


BUCOLICA.    £CL.  X.  M 

Dler  media  ataue  advereos  detinet  hostes.  45     46.  Tu,  ah  dura  femi- 
xml  i  mtrii  (nec  sit  mihi  credere)  tantiim  ^-  Pf<^"!.^  P*^*  ("**• 

s.  aD  tlunL,  mves,  et  inirora  Kneni  .  *v  «,;-«—  ♦    4»^   ai^- 

t^aola¥ides.     Ah  te  ne  fngora  l»dant !  nw    niires,    et   frigora 

i  ne  taneias  ghicies  secet  aspera  plantas  I  Rheni,  sola  Bln^  me. 

CSialcidico  qu»  sant  mihi  condita  versu  50     50.     Et    modulabor 
la  pastoris  Siculi  modulabor  aveni.  5^«"»^    8»<^»1*  .  PMtoris 

1  est  iD  sylvis,  inter  spelaea  ferarum,  2%€omh,  carmina,  qu» 

[Miti,  tenensque  meoe  incidere  amores  64.  lllci*  arborts  croi- 

bus :  crescent  iUs,  crescetis  amores.  eent :  twt,  O  mt  amorea 

1  mixtis  lustrabo  Maenak  Nymphis,  55 
res  venabor  apros  :  non  me  uUa  vetabunt 
\  Parthenios  canibus  circumdare  saltus. 

NOTES. 

t  place,  if  von  had  conionted,  we  57.  Alpiruu :  an  adj.  iroro  ^lpu^  a  ^'-erjr 

tiave  both  uved  happy  and  eecure.  high  ranj^e  of  mountains  separating  Italy 

V,  on  acooont  of  your  crueltj,  we  irom  France,  Switzerland,  and  G^rmany, 

1  onhappj  and  mieerable.     Through  and  covered  with  ahnost  perpetual  snow. 

,  I  ezpoee  myaelf  to  the  dangers  and  Rheni :  the  river  Rhine.     H  riscs  in  the 

of  war ;  and  in  the  mean  time  your  mountains  of  Switzerland,  and  runs  a  nortli- 

a  aoldier  hurriee  you  to  distant  erly  course,  forming  the  boundary  bctwecn 

5S,  over  the  inowa  of  the  Alps,  &c.  France  and   Germany,  and  failU  into  the 

bere  imppoflee  CytAertf  to  accompany  German  sea  near  the  Ha^e.     Its  length  is 

er,  and  to  uxidergo  the  fati^ea  and  near  siz  hundred  miles.   Dura :  in  thc  sense 

ps  incident  to  a  military  Iife.    Me,  of  crudelit,    Sola :  Lycoris  waa  alone,  as 

mm%;b  woold  be  i^ch  easier,  if  we  respected  Gallua. 

iad  /e  in  the  room  of  me,    The  sense  49.  Planioi  :  in  the  scnse  of  pedes,    A$' 

\j  leads  to  such  reading ;    but  we  pera  :  sharp.     The  whole  of  this  aUdrcss  to 

\  aothority  for  making  the  substitu-  nis  mistress  is  extremely  tender  and  paiho- 

Varfif.    Mars  was  esteemed  the  god  tic. 

..    He  wae  the  son  of  Jupiter  and  50.  Qu<e  eondita  suni^  &c.    Which  were 

m   some   say  ;  others  say,  of  Juno  composed  by  me  in  elegiac  verse.     Chald- 

Hb  education  was  intrusted  to  Pri-  dieo :  an  adj.  from  Chaleis^  a  city  of  Eubcea, 

ho  taught  him  all  the  manly  excr-  (Jiodie^  ^egroponty)  the  birth-place  of  Eu- 

hi  the  Trojan  war,  he  took  a  very  phorion,  an  eleffiac  poet ;  some  of  whose 

MLTt,  and  waa  always  at  hand  to  as-  verses,  it  is  saio,  Gallus  tumed  into  Latin 

'  fiivorites  of  Venus.     His  amours  vcrse.     To  this,  Rueus  thinks,  the  poet  ro- 

tt  goddeas  have  been  much  celebra-  fers.     However  this  may  be,  it  cannot  be 

the    poete.      Vulcan,   her  husband,  made  from  the  words    witliout  straining 

fonnedof  theirintrigue,  made  a  net  them.     They  simply  imply    that    Gallus 

exqniMte  workmanship,  that  it  could  wrote  some  verses  or  poems  in  the  somo 

lereeived.    In  this  net  he  caught  the  kind  of  verse,  or  measure,  in  which  Eupho- 

ers,  and  expoaed  them  to  the  ridicule  rion  wrote. 

roda.     He  kept  them  in  this  situation  5L  Mtdulabor :  in  the  aenae  of  canam. 

mnderable  time,  till  Neptune  pre-  52.  Certum  etl^  &c    It  ia  certain---l  am 

upon   him  to  aet  them  at  liberty.  resolved,  that  I  had  rather  sufier   in  «the 

vriiip  of  Mars  waa  not  very  general  woods  any  dangera  and  hardships  than  fol- 

the  Greeks,  but  among  the  Romans  low  ailer  Lycoris.    Theee,  or  words  of  the 

tived    the  most  unbounded  honors.  like  tmport,  seom  to  be  necessary  to  make 

st  famoua  temple  was  built  by  Au-  the   sense    complete.     Speleta  :    dens,   ur 

afVer  the  battle  of  Phillippi,  and  de-  haunts  of  wild  beasts ;  from  the  Greek. 

to  Mart  Ultor,    His  priests  were  53.  Jneidere :  to  cut,  or  inscribe. 

So/ti,  and  were  first  mstituted    by  55.  Metnala:    neu.  piu.  a  mountain  w 

Their  chief  office  was  to  keep  the  Arcadia.     In  the  aing.  Manalut.  Luttraho: 

metfle^  or  ahield,  which  was  supposed  in  the  sense  of  eireumiho,    Mixtit  nymphit, 

\   nllen   from  heaven.      Mars  was  The  meaning  is,  that  he  was  in  company 

lea    called    Oradivut^  Mavort^  and  with  the  nymphs ;  or  that  thev,  in  eonfused 

iif;  by  meton.  put  forwar  in  gcncral  and  irregular  order,  pursued  their  cour»e. 

tle— a  fight,  &c.  56.  Jleret :  ficrcc — dongerous.  Felabunt . 

94oersoi:  in  the  sense  of  infestos,  in  the  sense  of  prohibeb^mt. 

raii/'jai .  onlv->nothin^  bcside.  57,  Parlhenioi.    Parth«iuuavr%&«bmom- 


M  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Jam  mihi  per  rupes  videor  lucosque  soiiai 

Ire :  libet  Partho  torquere  Cydonia  comq 

6a  l^anqoam  Iubo  om-  Spicula :  tanquam  hsec  sint  nostri  medicii 

**J^°![       imM--.  •11   ^^^  Dcus  ille  malis  hominum  mitescere  i 

DeuicJwllo"'*^'**"       ^*™  neque  Hamadryades  rursum,  nec  cai 

64.  luum  JDeuNiCbfM-  ^P^  placent :  ipsse  rursiim  concedite  sylv 
imemf  neo  efuuton,  m   Non  illum  nostri  possunt  mutare  laborea ; 

Nec  si  fiigoribus  mediis  Hebrumque  bibai 

Sithoniasque  nives  hyemis  subeamus  aquo 

67.  Nec   equidem^  ti  Nec  si,  cum  moriens  alti  liber  aret  in  uhi 

renemufl  oves  j:thio|>-  iEthiopum  versemus  oves  sub  sidere  Cani 

nm,  «ub  Bidere  canori,  Qmnia  vincit  amor ;  et  nos  cedamiis  amo 

^"to  O  D'      Pierid      ^®^  ^*  ®"^  Divae,  vestrum  cecinisse  poi 

Mt  erit  veotram  poet^  Dum  sedet,  et  gracili  fisceUam  texit  hibi« 

oecinine  hsc  earmina     Pierides  :  vos  haec  facietis  maxima  Gallo 

7%.  Facietis  hsc  Jieri  Gallo,  cujus  amor  tantum  mihi  crescit  in  i 

Quantum  vere  novo  viridis  se  subjicit  ahM 
Surgamus :  solet  esse  gravis  cantantibutf 

NOTES. 

%ain  in  Arcadia,  where  virgins  uied  to  hunt ;  68.  Kertemtu :  feed,  or  1 

from  a  Greek  word  Bignifying  a  virgin.    It  sense  of  paseeremtu.   JS^ 

tt  here  UBod  ae  an  adj.     Cireumdare :  in  the  of  JEthiopt^  an  inhabitanl 

•enae  of  eingere,  eztensive  countrmin  Afiiot 

58.  Sonantee:  echmng— reBoundmg.  \  within  the  tomd  zone. 

.^    ^  j     .  j.  - ^  j  '.  the  mhabitants  of  any  ci 

o9.  Cyd^:  "  adj.  fijom  Cyrfon,  a  cily  j^^t  climate.   Cancrt,    Ci 

of  Crete,  the  arrowe  of  which  were  held  m  ^^giy^    ^^^  ^f  ^^  ^c 

rreat  estimation.  Pmrlho  eornu  .*  a  Parthian         .       *.    c^  ^  ^i.    ^       ^^ 
f  TJJr^  D  -Tu-   •'•'•^  •'*'"•'•       1    r       j    enters  it  about  the  twenty 

bow.    The  Parthiana  were  a  people  famed    „.„.•„  ^,,,  i^«««-*  j.„ 

for  their  ridU  m  handling  the  bow,  which  ^"""^«?  °"'  ^*'"^*  ^^^' 

they  made  of  hom.    Hence  eomu:  a  bow.  69.  w^moromct/,  &c.    T 

Libet:  in  the  senae  otjuDoi.  finely  represented  the  vi 

60.  Medieina  JuroriM :  a  remedy  for  our  "?«*,  paMions  of  a  lover, 

love.     Tanquam :  aa  it  ^f^ed  ^"«>^8  d^^    ^^** 

61»  Malit:  in  the  oenM  of  inuerttt.  •      <    i.-  ^         i*  i 

VI.  .'«u.M.  «u  M««  ««ui»*  w*  nw^vw.  ^j.      ^Q  Y^^^  ^^  accompli»! 

62.  Hamadryadet:  nympha  of  the  woods  abandons  the  vain  pureuil 
and  trees.  Their  fate  wae  supposed  to  be  tion:  Love  eonqutrt  ail  t) 
eonnected  with   that   of  particular  trees,    fQ  ^^, 

*rith  which  thev  lived  and  died.    It  is  de-  pri    m    -m     ^        ^ 

fived  from  the  (^reek.    See  Ed.  u.  46.  the  sense  of  iwmc. 

63.  Rurtum  eoneedite:  again,  jp  woods,  -«     jir««.„.     ^^ 
fkreweU.     Concedite,  is  here  eleganUy  put  oJ^ouT^^* 

fur  valeie,  I  wish  you  may  grow  and  flourish,    ^  ^      ,  * 

Ihough  /  languish  and  <he.  73.  /n  horat    houriy-n 

65.  Hebrum.  Tbe  Hebnu  is  the  largest  74.  Suhfieit  ee:  ■boots  i 
river  of  Tbraoe,  rising  out  of  mount  Rho-    iip. 

dope,  near  its  junction  with  mount  Httmut,  75,  Umbra  toUt^  &c.    ' 

and  taking  a  southerly  oourse,  falls  into  the  ©vening  b  wont  to  be  in 

iEgean  sea:    hodie,  Marita.    The  ancient  c;^n&rahere  must  mean  th' 

Thrace   forms  a  provinoe  of  the  Turkish  tbe  evening,  «rhich,  on  acci 

empire,  by  the  name  Romania.    Frigon-  dew,  is  reckoned  an  unh< 

6ia;  m  the  sense  of  l^eme.  day.    That  the  word  is  t 

66.  Sithoniat:  an  adj.  from  Sithonia,  a  senset  appeaxs  from  the  c 
part  of  Thrace,  bordering  upon  the  Euxine  tioned  tn  the  following  lin 
sea.    Subeamut:  endure^ — ^undergo.  tbe  cvening  star  is  approi 

^  67.  Monent  Hbet    tho  withering  bark,or    but;  some  read  eunetanti 
rind.  «Ay«r  ^,  or  toitering. 


BUCOLICA.    ECL.  X.  U 

3mpm  grmM  ombra:  nocent  et  firugibuf  umbns.  77.  Vot^  O «mcb »101« 

Vl8  domam  satiinB,  Yenit  UesperuB,  ite  capellflB.  «apell»,  ii«,  iu  domnni 

NOTES. 

7B.  UmhrtL  jitmAptn:  ihm  ■hade  of  the  we  may  be  ■ore  VufpL  did  111  the  preeemt 

ir  tiee  is  injnrioiu :  not  eo  in  fect ;  instance.    It  migjit  have  been  the  current 

both  pleaiant  and  healthy.     It  is  opinion  that  the  juniper  tree  changed  ite 

«doffiforoiie  in  itaelf^  and  is  oflen  bnmed,  qualitiee  ae  the  eyoning  came  on;  or,  we 

fe  tbeorb  the  noxiooe  part  of  the  atmos-  may  onderatand  it  thus :  eo  noziout  ie  the 

phwe,  ^kd  to  preYont  infection.  Poete  often  evening  air,  that  even  the  juniper  tree  wUl 

ttkelibertiee  that  are  not  allowable  in  prose  not  secure  fVom  its  effecti. 

viitm.    They  maf  foUow  the  common  re-        77.    SaturtB :   full-fed— eofficiently   fed ; 

ctiTed  c^nnioos  of  thinga,  howerer  incor-  impljing  that  time  enongh  had  been  epmit 

HBt,  witlioqt  JMtly  ineuning  cenanre.    This  in  pastoral  writing. 

QUESTIONS. 

Whatiathesab)eetof  thispastoral?  Where  wasPindus? 

Wko  wae  Gallns  ?  Where  were  the  mountains  Menalni  and 

Where  is  the  scene  of  the  pastoral  laid?  Lyceus ? 
What  took  place  afier  his  arrival  in  Ar-        What  is  said  of  them? 
flifia?  WhowasMan? 

Whatis  thecharacter  of  thtspastoral?  What  is  said  of  him  ? 

Whom  doee  Vir^  imitate  ?  By  whom  was  the  most  oelebrated  tompk 

Who  wae  Lycons  ?  of  Mara  built  ? 
Whe  wae  Arethnsa  ?  What  were  his  priests  ealled? 

Was  thoTO  any  fbontain  of  that  name  ?  What  was  their  ehief  office  ? 

Whsfe  wae  it  sitiiated ?  What  were  the  names  of  Mars? 

For  i^at  wae  Syracnse  ikmons?  For  what  is  the  word  Man  pot  Ibr  bj 

Wijr  did  the  poet  invoke  the  nymph  Are-  meton.  ? 
mmt  Where  is  the  river  Hebras  ? 

WlMt  is  aaid  of  the  river  Alphens?  Where  doee  it  rise  and  enDtT  itf  wutr  I 

the  mmatua  ParBassoa?  Whero  ie  JCthiopk  litnated  f 


I 


f 


rRODUCTION  TO  THE  GEORGICS. 


1  wan,  that  had  distracted  the  Roman  empire,  had  nearly  desolated 
9  land  lay  neglected,  and  the  inhabitants  were  reduced  to  great  dis- 
uit  of  the  necessaries  of  life.  In  this  state  of  things,  they  cast  tha 
1  Augustus,  and  murmured  against  his  administration.  To  remedy 
l  evils,  and  to  avert  heavier  calamities,  it  became  necessary  to  revive 
;  which  for  many  years  had  been  ahnost  wholly  neglected,  the  peo- 
iken  from  their  lands  to  supply  the  armies.  It  occurred  to  Ma^cenaf 
tise  upon  that  subject  would  be  highly  useful  to  the  inhabitants  of 
therefore  engaged  Virgil,  who  had  just  finished  his  Eclogues,  to 
the  work.  It  had  the  desired  efiect.  For,  afler  the  publicaiion  of 
ca,  Italy  began  to  assume  a  new  and  flourishing  appearance,  and  the 
id  themselves  in  pleniy,  and  in  the  enjojrment  of  peace  and  content. 
•ent  about  seven  years  in  this  part  of  hijJiiorkB.  His  correct  taste, 
ityle,  and  above  all,  his  extensive  knowledge,  duly  qualified  him  for 
tlus  kind.     The  Georgics,  hke  the  Eclogues,  were  every  where  waU 

es  for  the  improvement  of  husbandry,  and  the  advice  given  to  the 
>n  the  several  subjects  connected  with  it,  were  not  only  suited  to  tne 
[taly,  but  have  been  esteemed  valuable  in  every  countiy  where  ^^  due 
been  paid  to  the  piougn, '  down  to  the  present  time. 
ti  Georgica  is  from  the  Greek.  Its  origmal  word  properly  signifiet 
;ion  or  tillage  of  the  earth.  In  the  Georgics,  Vireil  imitated  Hesiod, 
a  treatise  upon  this  subject,  entitled,  Opera  et  Dies^  but  he  far  ex- 
in  every  respect.  He  began  thia  part  of  his  works  in  the  year  of 
,  being  then  about  thirty-two  years  of  age,  and  dedicated  it  to  Ma»- 
oiend  and  patron,  at  whose  request  he  wrote  it. 
)rgics  are  divided  into  four  books.  The  first  treats  of  the  various 
le  proper  method  of  managing  each.  The  second  treats  of  the  various 
^pagating  fi^it  trees,  and  particularly  the  vine.  The  third  treats  of 
;  kinds  of  grass,  and  the  proper  method  of  raising  horses,  cattle, 
goats.  The  fourth  treats  of  the  proper  management  of  bees. 
main  subject,  the  poet  hath  interwoven  several  very  interesting  fables 
B8,  which  contribute  to  our  pleasure,  and  relieve  tbe  mind  under  the 
precept 

QUE8TI0N& 


the  fftate  of  Italy,  when  Virgil 
M>rfica? 

request  did  he  write  them  ? 
did  he  dedicate  them  ? 
lie  meaninir  of  tho  word  Qwr^ 
rgici? 

t  lan^a^  is  ihe  word  derived? 
et  hvd  Uie  Georgicfi  upon  the 

waa  Vir^l  in  writing  them  ? 
)ar  of  Rome  did  ho  begia  ihem? 


Were  they  well  recei  ved  by  hia  coontryiiieii 

Was  VirgU  well  qualified  to  wiite  ap<Mi 
the  Buhject  of  agricolture? 

Whom  did  he  imitate  ? 

What  ia  the  comparative  merit  of  each 
work? 

Do  the  Georgics  contain  valuable  rulee 
and  directions  to  the  agriculturiflt  in  all 
countries? 

Into  how  roany  bookB  are  iVie^  dmd«4t 

Wfad.t  la  the  subiocl  of  each  WAl^  Im, 


P«  TmGHJI  REARONIS 


GEORGICA. 


LIBER  PRIMUS. 

Tki*  Book  openB  with  th«  plan  of  the  whole  work :  and  in  the  fonr  first  linee  inforraf  110 
of  the  eiihject  of  eech  hoiok.  7*he  poet  then  proceedB  to  inToko  tlie  gfode,  that  were 
tlMNight  to  hare  any  concem  in  the  aflUn  of  tilla^  or  huobandry ;  and  particularly ,  he 
eomplimentB  Angustus  with  divinity.  Afler  which,  he  goes  on  to  ahow  the  differont 
kiBdii  of  tillage  proper  for  the  different  soils.  He  traces  out  the  origin  of  agriculture. 
He  deacribee  the  Tarious  implenionts  proper  for  that  use.  He  notices  the  prognostica 
of  the  weather.  And  concludes,  bj  relating  the  prodigies  which  happened  about  the 
time  of  Jnlius  CMar^a  death ;  and  by  invoking  the  gods  for  the  aafety  of  Augustuai 
hie  piinoe. 

Tho  whoie  is  embelliahed  with  a  Tariety  of  other  matter,  so  judiciously  blended  with  the 
mibject,  that,  besides  preventing  languor  and  fatigne  under  the  dryness  of  precept,  it 
eontributeB  to  ourpleaeure  and  delight. 

QUID  &ciat  Istas  segetes ;  quo  sidere  terram 
Vertere,  Mscenas,  uknisque  adjungere  vites,  ,  *•  O   Mscenaa,  faici» 

GonTeniat :  qu»  cura  boum ;  qui  cultus  habendo  J*^,  5*f  ®"  "^  ^^ 

fi^.  •       7  •«  \  •     .•  faciat  UBtaa  seffetes,  qoe 

8n  peeon ;  atque  apibus  quanta  expenenUa  parcis ;  ^^^  conviSS  wUio 

ifinc  canere  incipiain.     Vos,  o  clanssima  mundi  6  temm 

Lumina,  labentem  ccelo  qusB  ducitis  annum  :  3»  Qomniciimboom; 

liber  et  ahna  Cerea,  vestro  si  munere  telluB  ^^  n  r  - 

Chaoniam  pingui  glajidem  mutavit  aristi,  Can^tA^*  ^  *^ 

Pocolaque  inventis  Acheloia  miscuit  uvis : 

NOTE& 

1.  LmUu:  inthaaenaeofMfiofasvel/er^  vem  the  ■easona;  rather  than  Ccm  and 

liles.  Bacchns,  as  eome  imagine. 

3.  Qnt  euliut^ite.  What  management  ia  7.  Liber  ti  abna  Ceret,  Runus  conaideii 
Mceesarj  for  raising  cattle.  It  is  plain  that  these  as  the  Clariitiwui  Lwnina  mmdi  in 
neeestartiit,  anluM%  or  some  word  of  the  like  the  preceding  line.  Bnt  the  reason  which 
import,  is  to  oe  supplied,  agreeing  with  «li-  he  gives  for  so  doing  appears  insufficient. 
Ikis.  Habendo  may  be  a  future  part.  pass.  Abna:  an  adj.  eheriming~-wmrishmg,  In 
or  a  gemnd  in  io,  of  the  dat.  case.  this  sense  it  is  a  very  appropriaie  epiUiet  df 

4.  Qifonla  experieniia^  &c.  How  great  Ceres^  as  being  the  goddees  of  huabandty. 
earei  or  atlenUon,  is  necessary  to  rear  the  It  also  signifies,  fwe—holy^  Acc 

ftufal  beea.    Or,  it  may  mean ;  how  great  8.  Chaoniam  glandem :  Chaonian  aeomt^ 

ezpefienee,  foremeht,  and  regular  manage-  or  matt:  here  put  for  matt  in  general ;  the 

meot,  in  their  aflairs,  there  may  be  to  the  tpeeiet  for  the  genut*    Chaoniam :  an  adk 

ftufal  beee.    When  sentenoes  are  verj  el-  uom  Chaonia^  a  part  of  Epiros,  in  whidi 

fijptieal,  it  ia  eometimes  difficolt  to  fall  upon  was  the  famous  grove  Z>odofia,that  abonnd- 

l£e  nmif^g  of  the  author.  ed  in  mast-treea. 

i.  .Ltontna.    We  are  here  to  understand,  9.  Aeheldiapoeula:  dranghtsof  pnrewa- 

I  ifprabend,  ihe  snn  and  moon,  as  they  go-  ter.    Poeuia^  properly  the  cups^hete  v^t  h^ 


60  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

10.  Et  Toi,  O  Faani,  Et  V09,  agrestdm  praesentia  numina,  Fi 
|MnMentiaiiaminaa|ree.  ^^^6  simul  Faunique  pedem  Dryadesq 
Sa^e  '^p^r  ft^  Munera  vestra  cano.  Tuque  6,  cui  p, 
pedem  simul :  Fudit  equum  magno  tellus  percussa  tn 

14.  Et,  tu  O  Ai  ititBe^  Neptune :  et  cultor  nemorum,  cui  ping 
eoltor  nemorimL,  cui  ter  Ter  centum  nivei  tondent  dumeta  juvei 
^^ifi^Tvr*^^*  i) T "^  ^P^  nemus  linquens  patrium,  saltusquc 
Pan,' cusuSToviui^^  Pan  ovium  custos,  tua  si  tibi  Maenala  c 
quens  patrium   nemui,  Adsis,  6  Tegeaee,  favens :  oleaeque  Mi 

NOTE8. 

meton.  for  the  water  iteeif.    Aehelota:  an  of  wisdom  and  the  libe 

adj.  from  Achelous,  a  river  of  iEtolia,  sup-  to  have  been  produced 

posed  by  the  ancienU  to  have  heen  the  firat  pitcr  full  grown,  and  in 

that  arose  out  of  the  earth :  hence  put,  fre-  into  the  assembly  of  t] 

quently,  for  water  in  general.     Ceres,  it  is  distinguished  herself  b 

■aid,  taught  men  husbandry,  and  Bacchus,  Her  power  was  very  gr 

the  cultivation  of  the  vine :  to  which  the  the  thunderbolts  of  Jupi 

words   vestro  munere  allude,     At  the  first,  of  men,  and  bestow  tl 

men  lired  upou  the  spontaneoos  productions  Arachne^  the  daughter  i 

of  the  aarth.  challenged  the  goddess 

10.  PrcuenHa:  in  the  sense  of  proptfia.  embroidery.     She  repn 

11.  Dryadei.  Nymphsor  goddessesof  the  the  amours  of  Jupiter 
woods,  from  a  Greek  word  signifying  an  ner.  She  was,  howevc 
oak.     See  Ecl.  ii.  46  ving  hung    herself  th 

14.  Aephine.     Neptune,  gotl  of  the  sea,  changed  into  a  spiderbi 

ind  father  of  fountains  and  rivers.     He  was  dcss.     Minerva  took  a 

the  son  of  Satum  and  Ops,  and.brotherof  support  of  the  Grecks  \ 

Jupiter  and  Pluto.     In  tho  division  of  the  and  protected  her  favor 

world  with  his  brothers^he  obtained  theem-  dangers.     Her  worship 

pire  of  the  sea.     He  is  said  to  have  marricd  tablished.      She   had  i 

Amphitrite,  the  daughter  of  Nereus  or  Oce'  dedicated  to  hcr  in  m« 

anus,     He  is  said  to  have  been  tlie  first  who  Rhodes^  and  Athens^  w< 

tamed  the  horse.     Hence  the  poets  fcign,  ces.     Sho   was  variout 

that  when  a  diiSpute  arose  between  him  and  cording  to  the  characte 

Minerva,  respecting  the  name  to  be  given  peared ;  but  most  gene 

to  the  city  Athens,  it  was  referred  to  the  on  her  head,  and  a  lar; 

gods  for  their   decision ;   who  declared  it  the  air ;  with  one  han 

should  be  called  by  the  name  of  the  party  with  the  olher  a  shield, 

that  should  confer  on  mankind  the  greateBt  Mcdusa  upon  it.     Thi 

benefit;  whereuponNeptunestrucktheearth  the  •^gis.     When  she  i 

with  his  trident  and  produced  the  horse,  a  goddess  of  the  liberal 

warlike  animal ;    and  Minerva    with    her  with  a  veil  called  the  i 

spear  produced   the  olive,  the  emblem  of  very  celebratod  statue  c 

peace :   upon  which  the  case  was  given  in  said  to   have  becn  abo 

her  favor.     JWp/unta,  by  meton.  is  oflen  height,  and  represented  1 

put  for  the  sea.   Cultor  nemorum.    The  per-  ing  in  her  right  hand  a 

■on  herc  meant  is  Aristteus^  the  reputed  son  a  distaff  and  a  spindle. 

of  Apolloani  thenymphCyrene,thedaugh-  fallen  from  heaven  nea 

ter  of  Peneus^  the  god  of  the  river  Peneus  as  he  was  building  the 

in  Thessaly.   Afler  his  son  Actcton  was  tom  the  preservation  of  whi( 

to  pieces  by  dogs  for  looking  upon  Diana^  city  depended.     It  was  < 

ai  she  was  baming,  Aristcnts  lefl  Thebes,  ses  and  Diomede,  who  pi 

and  took  up  his  residence  in  the  island  C^ea,  into  the  temple.     It  is 

one  of  the  Cyclades.     He  ia  said  to  have  the  true  palladium  wa 

been  the  first,  who  taught  mankind  the  cul-  but  only  a  statue  of  i 

tivation  of  bees.     See  Geor.  iv.  317.  that  iEneas  carried  the  1 

17.  Si  tua  Mcmala^  tic.    The  mcaning  is:  Italy.     The  elive-tree, 
if  you  have  a  rogard  for  Msnalus,  LycoBus,  and  the  dragon,  were  • 
and  the  rest  of  your  mountains  in  Arcadia,  had  various  names,  an< 
or>me  and  be  propitious  to  my  undcrtaking.  and  functions  attributed 
These  mountains  wcre  sacred  to  Pan.  called  Athena^  from  the 

18.  Tegecee :  an  adj.  from  Tegea^  a  city  of  which  she  was  tho  tuteli 
Arcadia,  sacred  to  Pan.    Mirktrvct,  Goddess  from  a  giant  of  that  nai 


GEORGICA.    UB.  I 


61 


iBveiitnx,  uncique  puer  monstrator  aratn : 
It  teneram  ab  radice  ferens,  Sylvane,  cupressum : 
Dique,  Deseque  omnes,  studium  quibus  arva  tueri» 
Quique  novas  alitis  non  ullo  semine  fruges, 
Qwque  satis  birgum  ccelo  demittitis  imbrem. 
Tuque  aded,  quem  mox  quae  sint  habitura  Deorum 
Coocilia,  incertum  est,  urbesne  invisere,  Ca;sar, 
Terrarumque  Velia  curam :  et  te  maximus  orbis 
Anctorera  frugum,  tempestatumque  potentem 
Accipiat|*cingen8  matemi  tempora  myrto : 
An  deus  immensi  venias  mans,  ac  tua  nautse 
Nanuna  sola  colant :  tibi  serviat  ultima  Thule, 
Teque  sibi  generum  Tethys  emat  omnibus  undis. 
Anne  novum  tardis  sidus  te  mensibus  addas, 
Qui  locua  Erigonen  inter  Chelasque  sequentes 
hnditur :  ipee  tibi  jam  brachia  contrahit  ardens 

NOTES. 


8&!tuM)iie  Ljccn,  si  tua 
2Q  Ma;nala  tini  tibi  eor», 
adsit  favens :  T\i  qne  O 
Minorva,  inventrix 

21.  O  oinnoH  Diqut 
Deeque,  quIbMs  esi  Bt«4- 
diuro 

34.  Tuque  aded  O 
Cetar,  quem,  incertua 
eet,  que  concilia  Deo» 
rum  habitura  sint  mox. 
ne  velis  invibere  urbesi 
et  nuetperc  curam  ier 
2Q  rarum: 


25 


«ntfcer,  from  a  Greek  word  eignifying  to 
tinUt  bocaaee  me  goddeee  of  war,  she 
tnadiibed  a  ^Mar  in  her  right  hand :  Par' 
AoMi,  beeanee  ahe  preeer^ed  her  chastity : 
IVileM,  because  the  waa  wonhipped  near  a 
hkt  of  tiiat  name  in  Africa :  OUmeopia^  be- 
cuie  she  had  blue  eyes :  Agorea^  because 
iht  presided  orer  markets :  Ihppia^  because 
ihi  taught  mankind  to  manage  the  horso : 
StaiiA,  and  Area^  because  of  her  martial 


19.  Piier.  Triptolemus  the  son  of  Celeua, 
Uw  of  EhuinA,  a  city  of  Attica.  Ho  is 
niJ  tc  haTO  laught  the  Greeks  agriculture, 
kiTing  himself  been .  preyiously  instructed 
y§  Cercs.     See  Ed.  ▼.  79. 

iO.  Sgl»ane»  One  of  thoee  demi-gods  that 
ge  onder  the  general  name  of  satyrs.  He  is 
tud  to  haro  been  passionately  fond  of  the  boy 
CmariMtHM^  who  having,  through  mistake, 
kwed  a  deer,  of  which  he  was  very  fond, 
fined  away  and  dicd.  Ue  was  changed  into 
tks  Cyprees  tree.    See  Ecl.  5.  73. 

t1.  Studium:  in  the  sense  of  eura. 

S2.  Son  uHo  $emine.  Some  read  nonnullo 
sesttae.  But  the  former  appears  to  be  the 
hetter;  and  it  is  supportcld  by  several  an- 
Qent  manoscripts,  as  Pierus  inforins  us. 
JfomuUo  temne:  from  no  seed,  that  is,  such 
is  spring  up  spontaneously.  Heyne,  after 
HemsiGs,  reads  non  uUo  «emtne. 

%L  Adt^:  in  the  sense  of  praeipui. 

SS.  Vrbet.  The  common  reading  is  urbit; 
knt  as  all  interpreters  agree  that  it  is  for 
«vAtc,  the  aoc  plu.  I  have  Tentured  so  to 
wiite  it.  The  nom.  and  acc.  plu.  of  the 
tkird  dedensione  sometimes  ended  in  eit, 
wkidi  wae  contracted  into  i«;  as,  omneit^ 
MBtncted  eemu— Kr6eu,  contracted  urbit. 
Bat  there  is  no  reason  that  it  should  be  re- 
hi  preference  to  the  regular  termina- 
Valpy  reads  urbet. 

the  sup.  in  the  sense  of 
the  great  woffUL 


27.  Poteniem:  the  ruler— one  who  has 
power  over:  reeiorem^  says  Ruieus.  It  hae 
here  the  force  and  efficacy  of  a  substantive. 
Tempettaium:  in  the  sense  of  temporum. 

28.  Maiema  myrto.  The  myrtle  troe  was 
sacred  to  Venus,  the  mother  of  ^neas,  from 
whom,according  t.o  Virgil^Cesar  deitcended. 

30.  TTiule.  Onc  of  the  Shetland  islands 
on  the  north  of  Scotland,  the  farthcst  land 
westward  known  to  the  ancients.  The  poct, 
therefore,  calls  it  uliima.  Colani:  in  the 
sense  of  adoreni^  rel  precentur. 

31.  Tethyt.  The  daughter  of  Calut  and 
TVrra,  and  wife  of  Oceanut.  She  was  mo- 
tJicr  of  thc  nymphs  Oeeanidet;  elcgantly 
put,  hy  meton.  for  the  sea  itself. 

32.  Anne  addaty  &c.  Or  whether  you 
would  add  yourself  anew  constellation  to  the 
slo w  summur  months.  The  months  are  called 
slow,  becauso  the  days  in  tlie  summer  aro 
the  longest,  and  so  thcir  motion  appoars  the 
slowcr ;  or  rather,  to  speak  philosophically, 
because  tlie  earth  movos  slower  in  her  orbit, 
during  the  summer  monlhs. 

33.  Erigonen.  Erigone,  the  daughter  of 
Icarus,  who,  on  account  of  the  murdcr  of  her 
father,  hung  herself  for  griof;  but  was 
translated  to  heaven,  and  made  the  consteW 
lation  Virgo.  Sequeniet  Chelat :  the  foUow- 
ing  claws — the  claws  following  the  sign 
Virgo.  The  Chela  wero  the  claws  or  arms 
of  Seorpio^  extending  over,  and  occupying 
the  sign  of  Lihra,  The  ancients  at  firrt 
divided  the  Ecliptic  into  eleven  parts,  learing 
out  the  sign  LibrcL,  and  giving  to  Seorpio  a 
space  of  the  Zodiac  equal  to  6(P.  By  re- 
ducing  it  to  an  equality  with  the  rest  of  the 
signs,  a  space  of  30^  remained  for  Catar,  if 
he  chose  to  occupy  it. 

34.  Ardent:  impatient — grreatly  desiroiu 
of  thy  coming;  rather  than  ardenti  bani- 
ing,  &c  as  it  ii  ■ometimea  teiidei^d. 


63 


P.  VlRGILIl  MARONIS 


Scorpius,  et  cceli  justi  plus  parte  reliqu 

86.  Woqold  JWimeii  Quicquid  eris  (nam  te  nec  sperent  Tar! 

^»  ^*  Nec  tibi  regnandi  veniat  tam  dira  cupid 

Quamvis  Elysios  miretur  Grscia  camp< 
Nec  repetita  sequi  curet  Proserpina  ma 
Da  facilem  cursum,  atque  audacibus  an 

41.  Taqae  miieratua  Ignarosque  viaef  mecum  miseratus  agres 
^jPyJ^^^^f^^^^^^^  Ingredere,  et  votis  iam  nunc  assuesce  v 

Vere  novo,  gelidus  canis  cum  montib 
Liquitur,  et  Zephyro  putris  se  gleba  res 
Depresso  incipiat  jam  tum  mihi  taurus  i 
Ingemere,  et  sulco  attritus  splendeecerc 
Hla  seges  demum  votis  respondet  avari 
Agricolae,  bis  quae  solem,  bis  frigora  se 
IUius  immensae  ruperunt  horrea  meeses. 
At  prius  ignotum  ferro  quam  scindimua 
Ventos  et  varium  coeli  prsdiscere  more 
5t.CaraatiMMtpre-  Cura  sit,  ac  patnos  cultusque  habitusqu 

**•«»•  Et  quid  quaeque  ferat  regio,  et  quid  qui 

Hic  segetes^  illic  veniunt  ^icius  uvae : 
Arborei  foetus  alibi,  atque  injussa  viresc 
Gramina.     Nonne  vides,  croceos  ut  To 
6B.  At  nadi  Chalybea  India  mittit  ebur,  molles  sua  thura  Sabi 

nittiml  ad  no9  ferrum     At  Chaljbes  nudi  ferrum«  viroBaque  Pa 

NOTES. 

39.  ProaerpuuL    See  Ed.  t.  79.  the  fields  are  moet  exp 

42.  Ingrtdere:  enter  upon  yoor  office  of  a  the  climate  be  moist  oj 

Std^  and  even  now  eccustom  yourself  to  be  Morem  cali :  naiurttm  t 

Toked  by  rows.  says  Heyne. 

43.  OeHdus  kumor:  here,  ice  or  snow.  5&  Patrios  euUut:  t 
HwBmr  ia  properlj  anr  kind  of  moisture  or  fathers.  This  is  the  sen 
fiquor.  AVnx»  rere.  The  poet  advises  the  Hejne.  Colefidi  raliot 
husbandman  to  begin  his  ploughing  in  the  majorum^  sajs  the  latt 
earij  part  of  the  spring,  as  soon  as  Uie  snow  Propriam  ctilhirom.  Ht 
melts  trom  the  mountains,  and  the  earth  be  habits  of  the  places — th) 
■officiently  soflened,  that  he  maj  be  in  due  nature  of  the  Tarions  soi 
■eason  with  the  work  of  the  jear.  tilled  in  a  certain  wav,  a 

45.  Deprfsso  arairo  :  in  the  plough  put,  to  prodnce  some  kinds  o 

er  laidi  deep  in  the  earth.    Or  the  words  others.    This  is  what  is 

maj  be  put  abeohitelj:  the  plough  being  54.  Felicius:  more  In: 

pat  deep  in  the  earth.  55.  Arborei  Jirtus :  ni 

4&  ^um  bis  sentii^kcn  Which  feeb  twice  trecs.     Fttlus  siipifies 

lk«  somnMr^  and  twice  the  winter;  that  is,  kind,  animate  or  inania 

fiee  (allow  (br  two  jears  tofether,  or  with*  sown — spontaneouslj. 

a«t  iiUaipf.     Searv*'   in  the  eense  of  ierra^  56.  Tmoius.     A  moun 

Tol  agtr^  saTs  Hejne.  the  confines  of  Ljdia,  fai 

49.  Rti^erwmi.    Tke  sense  eeems  to  re-  hence  the  epithet  rreceef 

^pure  the  present :  accordingtr  Ru»us  hath  57.  Mo^fs  Sftbari :   thi 

intcffpreted  it  bj  rumpwiU:   his   immense  ans.     These  were  a  pectf 

harreets  burst  h»  bams — bis  bams  are  not  bia  rdlx,  which  abouna 

eapabte  of  contatniBg  his  crop«>  5C<  Chai^bcs  nudi:  tb 

30.  .£71»^.*  properij  anj  plain  or  lcTel  send  us  iron,  and  Pontns 

wfactw  whether  Land  or  water.     Hete  n^ed  K^  were  a  people  of  S 

aa  tke  seBse  of  C4:tr  or  mip«s.     Ignaimm  :  Justin :  but  of  Pontus«  ai 

n|^  nmhsiiA  i^rniim  est  nabis,  said  to  hare  wrnu^t  na 

51.  Pneihsctr*  r?n/«s.&e.  To  !eam  before  the  hea:  of  their  fumaccs 

kaad  the  wivcs  aad  the  Tarioos  quolttie»  Ou/yA*  ca»ne  to  signiQ 

ef  the  weether — to  obeerre^  to  what  winds  in>n  and  steel.     Ponius^ 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  L  OS 

Cistorea,  Elkiduin  palmaa  Epinis  equanim  ? 

Gonlmud  has  leges  aBternaque  foedera  certis  60 

Impoeuit  natura  locia,  quo  tempore  primum 

Dmicalion  Tacuum  lapides  jactant  in  orbem : 

Dnde  homines  nati,  durum  genna.    £rg6  age,  teraB 

Pingue  solum  primis  eztempld  a  menaibus  anni  64.  Eztempld  i  prims 

Fortea  infertant  taun^  glebasque  jacentes  66  »«Mibu«    aimi'  IbrtM 

Puherulenta  coquat  maturis  solibus  lestas.  ^^ 

At  81  non  iuerit  teUus  focunda,  sub  ipsum 

Aieturum  tenui  sat  erit  suspendere  sulco : 

Dlic  officiant  laBtis  ne  firugibus  herbe ; 

ffiC)  sterikm  eziguuB  ne  deserat  humor  arenam.         70     .     ^    . . 

Altemis  idem  tonsas  oessare  novales,  71.  7\«  idem  patm 

T»  ...  ^  tmiMs   novalet   cesnre 

£t  segnem  patiere  situ  durescere  campum.  alternii  annit^  et 

Aut  ibi  flava  seres  mutato  sidere  &rra  ;  74.  Unde  priib  euatu- 

Vnde  prius  betum  siliqul  quassante  legumen,  leris    letum    legumen 

Aut  tenues  fbtus  vTciaB,  tristisque  lupini  76  qttMwnte  ailiqu&,   aut 

Sustuleris  IngUes  cakmos,  sylvamque  sonantem.  Klie        ''*'"*' 

Urit  enim  Uni  campum  seges,  urit  aveneB :  77?  Seget  avens  urit 

Urunt  Letheo  perfusa  papavera  somno.  cumi, 

NOTES. 

69.  Firota  eattorea:  etrong-eoented  caetor.  fiirrow,  and  some  time  in  the  fall,  about  the 

Aoeording  to  Pliny,  the  caetor  was  contain-  risinff  of  Arcturus.      Iq  the  former  case, 

ed  in  the  testicles  of  the  beaver.    But  the  (illw)   that  the  grase  and  weeds  may  not 

modeme  haTc  foujid  that  the  castor  is  con-  injure  the  springing  crop;  in  the  latter  caRe 

tained  in  eertain  odoriferous  glands  about  (hie)   that   the  scantj  moisture  maj  not 

tia*  groin,  and  in  both  sexes.     Epirut  pal'  leave  the  barren  land. 
«Ci,  ftic    Epifus  (produces)  the  victors  of       71.  Thnsat  novalet,  &c.  Tou  should  sufier 

tlie  Oljmpic  maree — produees  those  mares  jour  reaped  fallow  grounds  to  rest  everj 

that   obtun  the   palm   of   victorj  in   the  other  vear.    JfovaHt  terra,  is  properlv  new 

Oljmpic  races.    Pahnat  equanm ;  Ruteus  ground,  or  ground  newlj  broken  up.  Hence 

•aja  equat  vietrieet  inOhmpieo  eurtu,     £pi-  it  came  to  si^ifj  fallow  ground,  because 

niB,  onee  a  powerfhl  lungdom,  is  bounded  bj  resting  it  is  recruited,  and,  as  it  were, 

bj  the  lonian  sea  on  the  south  and  west,  renewed. 

aad  bj  Theesalia,  Maeedonia,  and  Achaia        72.   Siiu :   with    a   sword.     Situt  here 

en  the  north  and  east,  famous  for  its  excel-  means  the  grass,  weeds,  &c  which  over- 

lent  horsee.     Elufum:  an  adj.  gen.  plu.  spread  the  ground,  and  bind  it  down  inlo 

from  EHt^  or  Elea^  a  maritime  countrj  of  what  is  commonlj  called  a  sword.  Campttm 

iSbe  Peloponnesus,  the  chief  citiee  of  which  tegnem:  jour  field  Ijing  idle. 
were  EUt^  on  the  river  Peneut^  and  0/ympui,        73.  Sidire  mutato :  the  jear  being  changed. 

on  the  river  Ahpheut^  famous  for  the  games  Some  copies  read  temine  miuiato.    Sidut^  in 

there  eelebrated  in  honor  of  Jupiter.    Thej  the  sense  of  annia,  is  froquentl j  used  bj 

were  institnted  1458  jears  before  Christ,  Virgil. 
and  celebrated  everj  fiuh  jear.  74.  LtBhan :  in  the  sense  of  fertile  vol 

eo.  Fadera:  in  tne  sense  of  eonditionet,  eopiotum,    Siliqua :  in  the  rattling  pod,  oi 

es.  Deuealion,    See  Ed.  vi.  41.  shell. 

eS.  JVo/t;  in  the  sense  of  orti  ttmi,  75.  THttit:  bitter.    Tenuet /(Biut^  Ruseae 

ee.  Soli^:  Sol,  properlj  the  sun,  bj  me-  interprets  bj  parva  grana. 
ton.  heat.    Malurit:  in  the  sense  of  vehe"        76.  Sylvam,  This  word  is  frequentlj  used 

wtenHbut^  vel  ardeniibtu,    Coquai :  emoliat  for  a  thick  luzurious  crop  or  growth  of  anj 

c(  rarefaeiai,  sajs  Hejne.  thing. 

9S.SubiptumArctu*um:  about  the  rising        78.  Papavera  perfuta:  poppies   improg- 

of  Arcturus.     This  is  a  star  of  the  first  nated  witn  oblivious  sleep,  or  possessing  the 

magnitude  in  the  constellation  Bootes,  near  qualitj  of  causing  sleep.    Lelhao :  an  adj. 

tiietailofthegreatBear.    The  poet  recom-  ttom  Leihe^  a  word  of  Greek  origin,  im- 

OMnds,  if  the  soil  be  rich,  to   tnm  it  up  pljing   forgetf\iIness    or    oblivion.       Thc 

lilth  a  deep  furrow  oarlj,  that  it  maj  lie  poets  feigned  it  to  be  one  of  the  rivers  af 

ind  bake  througfh  the  heat  of  the  summer;  hell,  the  water  of  whieh  the  dead  were  said 

Nit  if  the  land  be  of  a  thin  soil,  and  light,  to  drink  after  thej  had  been  in  thc  regions 

ft  will  be  snfiiRient  to  tum  it  up  with  a  Uiin  below  some  time.     It  was  repre8ente4  as 


64  .  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

79.  Labor  eril  facilis  Sed  tamen  altemis  facilis  labor :  arida  ta 
^'^^[''m  ^**?** '  ,  Ne  saturare  fimo  pingui  pudeat  sola ;  ne^ 
i-2;„T.'f«!i^*°''^      ■*  Effcetos  cinereii  immundum  jactare  per  i 

eic  quoque  mutatis  reqmescunt  foetibus  a 

Nec  nulla  intere^  est  inaratae  gratia  terrs 

Sspe  etiam  steriles  incendere  profuit  agr 

Atque  levem  stipulam  crepitantibus  urerc 

Sive  inde  occultas  vires  et  pabula  terras 

Pinguia  concipiunt ;  sive  iilis  omne  per  i| 

Excoquitur  vitium,  atque  exudat  inutilis  1 

Seu  plures  calor  ille  vias,  et  csoa  relaxat 

91.  Sen  Ule  calor  ma-  Spiramenta,  novas  veniat  qua  succus  in  ii 

gb  darat  terranu,  et        g^^  durat  magis,  et  venas  astringit  hianti 

pJ^^S:JlZ'  Ne  tenues  pluvi»,  rapidive  potentia  so^ 

potentia  Acnor,  aut  Boreae  penetrabile  frigus  adu 

95.   Adeo  ilU  juvat  M ultum  ade6,  rastris  glebas  qui  frangit  if 

arvamultum,quifrangii  Vimineasque  trahit  crates,  juvat  arva  ;  n* 

97.  Et  iUtmuUumjvr  piava  Ceres  alto  nequicquam  spectat  Oli 

SgT^ur.Sr';!!  Et  qui,  procisso  q««  suscitat  lequore,  tei 

pftmo  procisso  equore,  Rursus  in  obliquum  verso  perrumpit  arat 

aratro  verso  rursus  in  Exercetque  frequens  tellurem,  atque  imp 

ohliqaum :  Humida  solstitia  atque  hyemes  orate  si 

NOTES. 

havlng  the  power  of  cansing  them  to  for-  abundantly  repay  the  far 

Kt  wnatover  they  had  done,  seen,  or  heard  gence. 

fore.     A  river  in  Afiica  of  that  name,  86.  Sive  inde^  &c    Th 

vhich  flowed  under  ground  for  some  dis-  four  reasons  for  the  farme 

tance,  and  then  rose  to  its  eurface,  ia  sup-  1.  That  they  might  hen 

posed  to  have  given  rise  to  thia  extravagant  crease  of  nutriment.    2. 

fable.  moisture  raight  be  dried 

19.  Laborfacilis.     The  meaning  appears  Thatthecloseanddense» 

to  be  this :  that  the  above  mentioned  crops  ed.     And  4.  That  the  Ic 

may  be  sown  every  other  year,  notwith-  rendered  closer.     This  h 

•tanding  tlieir  injurious  quaUties,  providod  principle  of  those  philosc 

the  land  be  well  manured.  that  fire  was  the  universi 

80.  Arida  sola:  diy  or  thirsty  aoils.  88.  Vitium:  the  bad  q 

81.  Effoitos :  worn  out— exhausted.  90.  Spiramenta  eaea: 

82.  F<ttihus :  in  the  sense  of  segetibus.  passages,  by  which  moist 

83.  JVec  nulla  gratia  esl  inaraia  terra :  the  new  plants. 

nor,  in  the  mean  time  is  there  no  gratitude  93.  PenetrabHe :  in  the 

in  the  land  untilled — ^leil  fallow  every  other  penetrating — searching. 

year.  sense  of  ardentis. 

The  whole  of  this  section  contains  a  num-  97.  Et  qui^  &c.    The 

berofexcellentpreceptsandinstructions  for  to  the  farmer  to  harrow 

the  husbandman.    In  the  first  place,  he  ad-  before  he  commit  the  seei 

vises  tlie  farmer  to  let  his  land  rest  eyery  hard  and  obstinate,  and 

other  year ;  or,  if  he  cannot  do  that  with  (terga)  so  that  it  will  not 

convenience,  then  to  change  the  crops,  and  row,  tnen  it  will  be  profi 

to  sow  wheatader  the  several  kinds  which  he  again  crosswise.  Proseiss 

mentions,  but  not  to  sow  flax,  oats,  or  pop-  ing  up    his  field.     Suu 

pies:   for  these  bum  and  impoverish  the  makes. 

iand.    He  says,  notwithstanding  tliis,  they  99.  ExeretU  &c.    He 

may  be  sown  in  tum,  provided  care  be  taken  frequently,  and  comman^ 

to  recruit  and  enrich  the  land  by  manure.  is  a  metaphor  taken  from 

The  poet  concludes  by  observing,  that  if  the  or  exercising  his  troops 

rround  be  lefl  fallow,  as  he  at  first  advised,  mands,  and    dispensing 

nwtead  of  being  sown  with  any  of  those  them. 

frains,  it  would  not  be  ungrateful — ^it  would  100*  Solstitia :  ■amm« 


GEORGICA.     IJR.  1  <« 

A|i^ncolaB :  hybenio  loftissiina  pulvere  faira,  101.  Farra  j«»i/  lop  Is- 

Letus  ai»er :  nullo  lautuin  se  Mvsiii  cultu  '^"^  hyberno  pulvere : 

Jactat,  rl  ipda  suas  inirantur  Cjargara  messes.  ^ 

Quid  dicain,  jacto  qui  seuiine  coniinus  arva  ^^\  ^^^  dicara   i» 

(nse<iuitur,  cuniulosque  ruit  male  pinguis  arenae  ?        106  ^®»  *!"* 

Deinde  satis  fluvium  inducit,  rivosque  sequentes  ? 

Et  cujn  exustus  ager  niorientibus  a^stuat  herbis, 

Rcce,  supercilio  clivosi  tramitis  undam 

Ellicit :  illa  cadens  raucum  pcr  levia  murmur 

Saxa  ciet,  scatebrisque  arentia  temperat  arva.  \  10 

Quid,  qui,  ne  gravidis  procumbat  culmus  aristis,  1 1  !•   ^***^  dUam  ile 

Luxuriem  segetum  tener4  depascit  in  herba,  ^^'  J"*'  "®  culraue  pio- 

"T  •     N   ^      ,  *  ^    o        •  11-  cumbat  mvidis  ariHtis, 

Cum  pnmum  silcos  aequant  sata  ?  quique  paludis  depaacit 

Collectum  humorem  bibul^  dcducit  arena  ?  113.  Quique  deducit 

Pnesertim  incertis  si  mensibus  amnis  abundans  115  huraorem  collectum  in- 

Exit,  et  obducto  late  tenet  omnia  limo,  ^^  paludii  bibuU  areuA 

Unde  cavse  tepido  sudant  humore  lacunae. 

Nec  tamen  (hsc  cum  sint  liominumque,  boumque  labores 

Versando  terram  experti)  niliil  improbus  anser, 

Strymoniacque  gfues,  et  amaris  intuba  fibris  120 

Ofliciunt,  aut  umbra  nocet.     Pater  ipse  colendi  121.  Colendi  ttrtam 

NOTES. 

101.  Fsrra;  in  the  senM  ottegeies.  native.    This  appears  to  be  the  opinion  of 

102.  Mjftia.  There  were  two  countries  Hcyne.  Humoran:  in  tho  sonse  of  a^uai/i. 
of  tfaisname:  theonein  Europe,  andbound-  115.  Intertis  mensibiu:  in  tho  variable 
ed  on  tbe  north  by  the  Danube ;  the  otlier  months — those  raonths  when  the  woathor 
in  Aaia  Minor,  near  the  Propontis  and  Hcl-  is  raost  changeablo. 

tebpont.    The  lattor  is  here  nicant.     Mysia         \  \Q.  Jiec  tanun^  iic.    Though  the  fannor 

delighta  herself  so  much  in  no  cultivation,  be  nevcr  so  carcful  in  the  culture  of  his  land. 

ss  in  moist  suramers  and  dry  winters — ^no  the  poet  rcminds  him  not  to  stop  therc. 

cnlture  renders  her  lo  fruitful,  as  to  have  AAcr  tlie  crop  is  put  into  the  ground,  it  still 

moist,  Isc.  requires  his  attuntion.    For    the    foul    or 

103.  Gargara:  nea.  plu.  A  partof  raount  grcody  goose,  tlie  Thracian  cranes,  tlie  suc- 
Td&,the  countrynear  which  was  rauch  famed  cory,  or  endive,  as  also  the  shade,  injuro  it. 
tor  ita  fertility.  Thc  two  nogatives,  nee — nihU^  araouut  to  ar 

104.  Quiddieam^  &c.    What  shall  I  say  of  affirmative. 

him,  who,  the  secd  being  8Own,cloR0ly  plics  120.  Strymonia:  an  adj.  frora  Strymon.  a 

his  fields,  and   breaks  down  the  clods  or  rivcr  in   the  confines  of  Maccdouia    and 

ridges  {eiunulos)  of  his  barren  soilf  For  maie  Thrace,  where  cranos  abounded. 

pinguU;  Rueus  says,  male  compacta;  and  121.  Pater  ipse  voluit :  fatlier  Jupitcr  hini- 

Valpy,  ioo  rieh  and  adhesive.    Auii:  in  the  self  willod  that  the  way  of  cultivatinf;  the 

■ense  of  frangit.  earth  should  not  be  easy.    He  wus  fubled  to 

106.  Sequenies  rvoos:  in  the  sense  ofjlu-  have  bcen  the  son  of  Satum  and  Ops;  and 

enies  rintlos,  called  the  fathcr  of  godH,  and  king  of  nien. 

108.  Eeee^elieii  aquam^lic.  Lo!  heleads  Satorn,  who  rcceived  the  kingdoni  of  the 

down  a  stream  of  water  from  tho  bcow  of  world  from  his  brother  Titan,  on  the  rondi- 

a  hillj  tract.    JEstuat:  is  parchcd,  or  bum-  tion  of  bis  raising  no  raale  offspring,  dcvuur- 

ed.  ed  his  sons  as  soon  as  they  were  burn ;  but 

110.  Seaiebris:  with  its  strearas,  or  rills.  his  niother,  regrctting  that  so  fair  a  child 

T^tmperai :  Rnsus  says,  humeetat.  should  be  destroyed,  concsaled  hiin  frura 

114.  Quique  dedueit,  The  probable  mean-  his  fathor,  as  she  also  did  Ncptune  and  Pluto, 

ingof  thispassage  is:  thatthe  husbandman,  and  intrusted  him  to  the  care  of  the  Cory- 

for  tlie  purpose  of  watering  his  fields  in  the  bantes,  or  Curetes^  who  educated  hira  on 

dwy  season^  should  form  reservoirs  or  ponds,  mount  Ida^  in  Crete.    As  soon  as  he  cauit 

bj  jollecting  into  them  the  water  tliat  fell  to  maturo  years,  he  made  war  against  the 

fai  the  rainv  season.    He  had  already  ad-  Titans,  who  had  made  his  father  a  prisoner. 

vieed  the  plan  of  bringin|r  water  from  the  He  was  victorious  and  set  him  at  liberty» 

higher  grounds  upon  his  nelds.    But  where  But  growing  jealous  of  his  son^s  power,  ne 

tbat  could  not  be  done,  headvisesto  substi-  conspired  against  hira;  whereupon  Jupiter 

tnte  the  reeervoir  or  pond, as the only  alter-  expelled  him  frora  his  hingdom, andbe  flod 

6 


M  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Haud  facilcm  esse  viam  voluit,  primusqu« 
Movit  agros,  curis  acuens  mortalia  corda 
Nec  torpere  gravi  passus  sua  regna  veten 
Ante  Jovem  nulli  subigebant  arva  coloni: 
Nec  signare  quidem,  aut  partiri  limite  cai 
Fas  erat :  in  medium  quserebant :  ipsaqu 
Omnia  liberiiis,  nullo  poscente,  ferebat. 
nie  malum  virus  serpentibus  addidit  atna, 
Praedarique  lupos  jussit,  pontumque  mo?i 
Mellaquc  decussit  foliis,  ignemque  remo? 
Et  passim  rivis  currentia  vina  repressit : 
Ut  varias  usus  meditando  extunderet  arta 
Paulatim,  et  sulcis  frumenti  quaereret  hei 
£t  silicis  venis  abstrusum  excuderet  ignei 
Tunc  alnos  primum  fluvii  sens^re  cavatai 
Navita  tum  stellis  numeros  et  nomina  fec 
138.  ^ppeUant  etu  Pleiadas,  Hyadas,  claramque  Lycaonis  A 
leiadafl  Tum  laqueis  captare  feras,  et  fallere  visc 

Inventum ;  et  magnos  canibus  circumdai 
Atque  alius  latum  fundll  jam  verberat  an 

NOTES. 

for  tafety  to  Italy,  where  Janus  was  king.  found   necessary   to    mi 

Ailer  this,  Jupiter  divided  the  empire  of  tlie  shook  off*  the  honey  from 

world  with his two  brothers,  reserving  to  him-  caused  the  honey  to  ceas 

eelf  the  empire  of  heaven  and  eartn.     The  133.  Ut  unu  extunderei 

Giants,  the  offspring  of  the  earth,  to  avenge  by  observation,  might  fin 

the  death  of  the  Titans,  whom  Jupiter  slew,  arts  by  degrees. 

rcbelled  against  him.    Piling  mountains,  one  134.  Sulcis:  by  agriculti 

upon  another,  they  hoped  to  scale  heaven  136.  Cavatas  alnos:   8 

itself,  and   attack  Jupiter  in  person.     He,  cause,  at  iirsL,  they  were 

however,  completely  vanquished  them,  and  troe. 

inflicted  on  them  the  severest  punishment  138.  Plciadat:  acc.  pli 

for  tlieir  crimes.  He  married  his  sistor  Juno.  nation.     Thev  ore  seven 

who  was  very  jealous  of  him,  and  sometimes  of  Taurus,  and  are  call 

very  troublesome.     His  power  was  ihe  most  Greek  vvord  signifying,  t 

extensive  of  any  of  the  gods.     His  worship  their  rising,  they  indicaU 

was  general,  and  surpassod  tliat  of  any  of  to  put  to  sea.     They  wei 

tho  gods  in  dignity  and  solemnity.     He  had  Jitlantides^  from  Atlas^  a 

several  celebrated  oraclcs,  but  that  at  Do-  nia^  whose  daughtcrs  tl 

tfo7Ui,in  Epirus,and  atw4mmon,inLybia,per-  be,  by  the  nymph  Plni 

haps  took  the  lead.     He  had  several  names,  sometimeB    called    then 

chiefly  derived  from  the  places  where  he  was  names  were,  Ehctra^  Ai 

worshipped,  and  from  his  offices  and  func-  rope^  Taygela^  Maia^  and 

tions.     Ho  was  called  Hospitalis^  bccanse  These  are  seven  stars  in  ' 

he  v#as  the  protectof  of  strangers ;  Optimus^  so  callcd  from  a  Greek  ^ 

because  he  wasthe  best;  Maximus^  because  rain.'    They  were  fabled 

he  was  the  ^eatest;  Olympius^  because  he  daughters  of  Atlas  and 

was  worshipped  at  Olympia,  &c.     Jupiter,  conHolation  for  the  dea 

18  sometimes  put  for  the  air,  or  weather.  Hvas^  who  was  slain  by 

123.  Movit :  in  the  sense  of  eoluit,  king  pity  on  them,  cha 

124.  Gravivetemo,  Fetemus^orvetemum^  many  stars.  Their  na 
is  a  di^case  causing  a  stupor  both  of  mind  Eudoxa^  Pasithoi^  Ciron 
nnd  body,  something  like  the  lethargy.  and  Syche,  Arctoru  A 
7brpcr<»^rartrc/emo,i8highly  metaphorical.  the  north  pole,  called  tht 
Vetemo:  in  the  sense  of  otiOy  vel  desidia^  caon  was  a  king  of  Arc 
lays  RuaE^us.  ter  Calisto,  out  of  jealoi 

131.  Rentovit  ignem:  heremoved  iirefrom  ed  by  Juno  into  abear; 

the  sight  of  mcn,  and  concealcd  it  in  tJ)e  rcgard  to  her,  trannlated 

vtins  of  the  flint.     Prometheus  is  said  to  heaven,    and    made   hej 

'tsav?  stolen  it  from  heaven,  becau<>e  it  was  Arrtnn. 


O£OKGI0A.    UB.  I 


67 


Alta  peteaii  pelagoque  alius  trahit  humida  Uiui. 
Tum  ferri  rigor,  atque  argut»  lamiifii  aerras ; 
(Nam  primi  cuneis  scindebant  fissile  lignum) 
Tum  variflB  ven^re  artes.     Labor  omnia  vincit 
Improboa,  et  duris  urgens  in  rebiis  egestas. 

Prima  Ceres  ferro  mortales  vertere  terram 
Instituit :  cum  jam  glandes  atque  arbuta  sacr» 
Deiicerent  sylv8B,  et  victum  Dodona  negaret 
Mox  et  frumentis  labor  additus ;  ut  mala  culmoa 
Csset  rubigOi  segnisque  borreret  in  arvis 
Carduus :  intereunt  segetcs,  subit  aspera  sylva, 
Lappsque,  tribulique :  interque  nitentia  culta 
Infelix  lolium  et  steriles  dominantur  aven». 
Qudd  nisi  et  assiduis  terram  insectabere  rastris, 
Et  sonitu  terrebis  aves,  et  ruris  opaci 
Falce  premes  umbras,  votisque  vocaveris  imbrem : 
Heu,  magnum  alterius  firustra  spectabis  acervum, 
Concussique  famem  in  sylvis  solabere  quercu. 

Dicendum,  et  quae  sint  duris  agrestibus  arma : 
Queis  sine,  nec  potuere  seri,  nec  surgere  messes. 
Vomis,  et  inflexi  primum  grave  robur  aratri, 
H  Tardaque  Eleusinae  matris  volventia  plaustra, 
Tribulaque,  trahesque,  et  iniquo  pondere  rastri : 
Viigea  pneterea  Celei  vilisque  supellex, 
ArtnitesB  crates,  et  mystica  vannus  lacchi. 

NOTES. 


144.  "Primi  hommg$ 


146 


160 


165 


160      160.    Dicendom    etl 

162.  PrimilUii  vomit,  eC 
grave 

166 


14S.  Petena  aUa:  ■eeking  the  deep  parts 
of  the  eea,  or  river.  AUum,  when  it  is  ueed 
for  iho  eeaf  properly  signifiee  the  channel, 
or  the  deepeet  parl  of  it ;  while  pelagiu  pro- 
perly  signifies  that  part  of  the  sea  near  the 
land. 

143.  Tum  rigorferri :  then  the  hardening 
of  iron,  and  the  blade  of  the  grating  saw, 
were  inventcd. 

145.  Improlnu  labar:  constant,  peneve- 
Hng  labor  overcomee  »11  difficulties.  Du- 
riirebuM:  inpoverty.  Egestat:  inthesense 
of  neeeatUoi,     Verire  :  in  the  sense  of  m- 

148.  Arhuta :  the  fruit  of  the  arbute  tree. 
Dodona  :  a  famous  grove  in  Epirus,  abound- 
ing  in  mast  treee.    See  Ecl.  iz.  13. 

150.  Labor:  in  the  eense  of  morbut-,  dis- 
eaee.  Jtfioid  rubigo  etsei :  that  the  noxioue 
mildew  ihould  consume  the  etalks.  Euet^ 
Uh  ederei» 

152.  Segnu  earduut:  the  u§ele8e  thistlo 
wave,  or  looli  rough.  Syha,  See  76,  supra. 

153.  Lappm:  burrs,  a  specjos  of  herb. 
TSrikuti  :  the  bramblee — ^iand-caltrope.  /n- 
kH»:  nosioiis—injurioue. 

154.  Dommantw:  bear  rule— have  the 
MBendeticj. 

157.  Prema  umbrat:  you  ehould  trim  off 
tlie  limbe  (of  the  trees)  of  a  ihaded  fiel  1, 
teu  Umbnu:  in  the  eefiee  of  ramot^  by 
inelan. 


159.  Solabere  famem^  Sic  The  poet  ae- 
sures  the  farmer  that,  unless  he  follow  the 
directions  just  given,  he  will  behold  the 
abimdant  crops  of  his  neighbor,  while  his 
will  fail  him,  and  he  be  under  the  necessity 
of  allajing  the  craving  of  nature  upon  no- 
thing  better  than  acoms. 

160.  Arma :  implements,  tools,  &c.  nocee- 
sary  to  the  farmer.  Ei:  in  the  sense  of 
quoque. 

163.  Tarda  vohentia:  the  slow-moving 
wagonsof  motherCeres.  Elutina:  anadj. 
from  Eleutity  a  city  of  Attica,  where .  she 
was  worshipped.  In/lexi :  in  the  sense  of 
eurvt* 

164.  TVibula,  This  was  a  kind  of  slcdge 
or  carriage,  used  among  the  ancients  to  thrcsh 
their  com  with.  It  was  pointed  witli  iron. 
and  drawn  over  the  grain  by  oxen.  Trahca, 
This  was  an  instrument  somethlng  like  tha 
iribulum^  and  made  use  of  for  the  sanie 
purposo ;  a  sledge. 

164.  Iniquo :  Runus  says,  magno. 

165.  Vtlit  virgeaque  tupeUex:  the  cheap 
or  common  wicker-Daskets.     Celei :  Celeus 
was  the  father  of  Triptolemus,  whom  Ccres 
it  is  said,  instructcd  in  the  art  of  tillage  and 
husbandry.     See  Ecl.  v.  79. 

166.  Arbutea  cralet:  hurdles  of  the  ar- 
bute  tree.  Vannut :  a  sieve,  or  winnowing 
machine.  It  is  called  mytiiea^  m^stic.  be* 
cause  used  in  the  mysteries  of  Bacchus. 
laeehi :  laeehut^  a  name  of  Bacchus. 


08  P.  VIRGILil  MARONIS 

Omnia  quae  inult6  ante  memor  proYisa  r<lfi 

Si  te  digna  manet  divini  gloria  ruris. 

169.  Contmao  in  lyl-  Continu6  in  sylvis  magn^  vi  flexa  domatur 

tU  flezaolmus  domatur  Jn  burim,  et  curvi  formam  accipit  ulmus  m 

mapa  vi  in  burim,  et  jjuj^,  ^  3^^,.^^  p^^^g  jg^^  protentus  in  octo 

^^Tti    Huic  bwi  temo  ^^^^  aures,  duplici  aptantur  deDtalia  dorai 
protentusaBtirpeinocto  Caeditur  et  tilia  ante  jugo  levis,  altaque  fi^ 
pedes   aptatur  ;     bine  Stivaque,  quse  currus  a  tergo  torqueat  irac 
aares,  et   dentalia  eum  Et  suspensa  focis  explorat  robora  fumus. 
dapUci  dorao  aptantur.    Possum  multa  tibi  veterum  prcBcepta  refer 

Ni  refugis,  tenuesque  piget  cognoscere  cm 

178.  Cumprimisre6u«  Area  cum  primis  ingenti  sequanda  cylindri 

area   est  sequanda    in-  Et  vertenda  manu,  et  creta  solidanda  tenai 

S^^  Ne  subeant  herbse,  neu  pulvere  victa  fatisc 

Tum  varise  illudunt  pestes.     Ssepe  exiguu 

Sub  terris  posuitque  domos,  atque  horrea 

Aut  oculis  capti  fodlre  cubilia  talpsB. 

184.  Bufo  inventus  est  Inventusque  cavis  bufo,  et  qute  plurima  tei 

eaviii  et  plurima  mon- jvfQi^ti^  fenmt :  populatque  ingentem  fan 

"^  ^^^  Curculio,  atque  inopi  metuens  formica  sei 

Contemplator  item,  cum  se  nux  plurima  8 

NOTES. 

167.  Omnia  qiuB  memor :  all  which  things,  upon  wheels,  which  ia  tb 
being  provided  long  before  hand,you8hould  poeVs  calling  it  eurrut^  a  < 
be  mindful  to  lay  upw  sayt :  quibutdam  in  regun 

168.  Divini  rurit.  The  country  is  here  ttruitur  rotit ;  but  comme 
called  divine,  either  on  account  of  its  inno-  means  agreed  as  to  the  fo 
oence  and  happiness,  or  becauso  it  was  ori-  tion  of  this  plough  of  the 
ginally  the  habilation  of  the  gods.  Gloria:  175.  f\unut  explorat.  ' 
reward.  Ruieus  says,  laut;  for  rfmm,  he  the  way  here  mentioned  1 
Mjrs,  6eolt.  to  crack  or  split,  than  ii 

171.  Stirpe:  from  the  back  part,  or  bot-    ^^^^1  way,  in  the  sun  and 

'T72.   Bin^aure,:  two  mouW  or  .arth    J^;i,^^i%^rpJZ 
boards,  one  on  eaeh  «ide  of  the  tano,  or    »«"'  «"""'o  <="<=«•   ^*"*» 

beun.     The  poethere  menUon.  the  wveral  «'"'f^xT'  ^"",^^''1 

-a      r  *u       1       u      mu     i     •           t  181.  Tum  .*  m  the  sensi 

parts  of  the  plough.     The  buru^  or  bura^  - 0^    rri  t  ^       *-  ^    ? •- 

L     *u         -A  V  u  *u      1       u          u  u  •  183.  Talpa  eapti  oculu. 

was  the  part  which  the  plouirhman  held  in  n       •      1           ^    j 

hi.  left  hind-the  plongh  tail.   The  dtnlate,  IJ^i^Zfa^^^d^ 

the  chip,  or  part  of  the  plough  to  which  the  j 

vmner,  or  share,  is  fastencd.    Dupliei  dorso :  ^^-  ^^f^  •    the   toad. 

with  a  double  back.     Some  understand  rfu-  P^^J  8»gniiies   any  thin| 

9kx  in  the  sense  of  latus;  but  there  is  no  ordinary  course  of  natun 

need  of  this.     The  plough,  which  Uie  poet  chievous  animal,  whethe 

ifl  describing,  is  altogether   of  a   singular  which  is  the  meaning  hen 

kind  to  us.     It  had  two  mould-boards ;  two  186.  Curchlio :  the  wea' 

ehips  or  share-beams  we  might  snpposed  it  animal  among  grain. 

to  have  had,  one  on  each  side  of  the  temo^  187.  Contemplator  item 

or  main  beam,  which,  being  joined  together,  like  manner  when  the  nul 

might  not  improperly  be  said  to  form  a  clothes  itself  abundantly 

double  back.     Stiva :  the  handle,  which  the  the  nut-tree,  there  are  sei 

|doughman  holds  in  his  right  hand.  one  here  nieant  is  suppo 

173.  Et  levit  tUia.  TVia,  the  linden,  or  mygdala^  or  almond-tree^ 
Ume-tree.  It  is  a  light  wood,  and  therefore  ers  or  blossoms  were  sapj 
more  suitable  for  the  plough.  dication  of  the  fertility  0 

174.  Qtm  torqtieai :  which  may  tum  the  rima:  an  adj.  sup.  a|^ 
lowegt  wheels  from  behind — may  tum  the  This  construction  frvque 
eztremo  or  hinder  part  of  the  plough.  The  more  elegantly  tnoslated 
plou^  here  deMiibed  we  may  floppoee  nm  uig  adverb. 


QEORGICA.    UB.  1.  W 

laduet  in  florem,  et  ramos  curvabit  olentes :  IM.    Eqiiidem    vidi 

Bi  Buperant  faHua,  pariter  frumenta  sequentur,  ™"1^"  «creniM   medi. 

Magnaque  cum  magno  veniet  tritura  calore.  1 90  ^  ,^^^^^  perfundcre 

At  81  \uzun4  foiiurum  exuberat  umbra,  ea  nitro  et  nigra  amur- 

Nequicquam  pingues  palei  teret  area  culmos.  ca,  ut 

Seinina  ?idi  equidem  multos  medicare  sereutes,  1^«  Quamvi»  »emiTM 

Et  nitro  pruis  et  nigri  perfundere  amurci,  PJ»P^«^.  3«  f^ 

Grandior  ut  fcBtus  siliquis  fallacibus  esset.  196  ^  ^^^  ^jj^^  ^^  spoctaU 

Et  qiiamvia  igni  eziguo  properata  maderent,  multo   labore,   degene- 

Vidi  lecta  diu^  et  multo  spectata  labore,  rare;  ni 

Degcnerare  tameo ;  ni  vis  humana  quotannis  199.  Sic  yidi  omnia 

Miiima  quBque  manu  legeret :  sic  omnia  fatis  *^^"  '"^'^  i"  ^'''^fl  ^ 

,        .  •   ^      ^  ,   .  ^,  1  f,  ^.v-^  ■ublapsa  reicrri  retro. 

In  pejus  ruere,  ac  retro  subiapsa  refern.  2UU     ^q^  g^  ^^^^  rcmisit 

NoQ  aliter  quam  qui  adverso  vix  fliunine  lembum  brachia,  rui/  et  fnblaptiu 

Remigiis  subigit :  si  brachia  forte  remisit,  reftrlur  retrh^  atquc  al- 

Atque  illum  in  praeceps  prono  rapit  alveus  amni.  ^®"'  '*P*^  iiXMm  m  pne- 

Pr«terea  tam  sunt  Arcturi  sidera  nobis,  ^''Se^QusS^Tti  vcctis 
Hffidorumque  dies  servandi,  et  lucidus  anguis ;            206  ^^  v^entosa  ajquora  in 

Quam  quibus  in  patriam  ventosa  per  aequora  vectis  mam   patriam,    quibua 

PoQtus  et  ostriferi  &uces  tentantur  Abydi.  Pontus  et  ostriferi  fau- 

Libii  £e  sonmique  pares  ubi  fecerit  horas,  ^^^  Abydi 

NOTES. 

169.  FtUui:  in  the  sense  offlore»,  198.  Humana  vis:  human  care.    in  the 

IML  Magno  eaiore,    Calor  here  Beeme  to  eense  of  homines»     Unicse  men  sliould  ae- 

■MB  tlie  sweat  and  heat  of  the  laborer  or  lect  witli  the  iiand,  &c.    Ruttus  says,  homi' 

IkMher,  rather  tlian  the  heat  of  tlie  summer.  num  industria, 

191.  At  n  tanbra:   but  if  the   boughs  201.  Adverto  flumine :   against  the  cur* 

ikoaad  in  a  lojnuiancy  of  ieavos,  in  vain,  rent 

fcc    The  meamng  seeme  to  be  this:  that  203.  Atque.     Rubus,  on  the  auihority  of 

if  tke  UoeMme  upon  the  tree  shall  exceed  GelUus,  Ukcs  atque  iij  the  sense  of  tlutim, 

tht  leaTee,  then  you  may  expcct  a  plentiful  Davidson  and  Heyne  take  it  in  its  usual 

ffop.    But  if,  on  llie  contrary,  the  leaves  be  gignification  as  a  conjunction,  suppoBing  an 

thi  Boet  Bameroiis,you  may  expect  a  scan-  cllipsis  of  tho  words:  iiie  ruU  ac  tuhiapsm 

5  crop— a  crop  rich  oniy  in   husks  and  refertur  retro.     And  carries  him  huadlong 

dsC    Umbra:  in  the  sense  of  ramu  down   tlie  stream.     jilveut :    projierly   the 

in.  Serentes:    part   of  ihe   verb,  tero,  channel  or  bcd  of  a  river;  here,  tho  rivcr  in 

tiken  ae  a  sabeUntive :  Sowers.     The  poet  gencral :  the  current,  or  impetut  of  the  wa- 

hsie  givee  the  husbandman  to  understand  tQf.  \^y  meton 

tf      uPl!3*  "^K  "^u-  ^  *^"  '"  "■        205.  Hadi. '  Two  rtan.  in  the  shouldcr  of 

fol  lo  unpregiat.  a.em  with  other  quahUe.  j^^^Angx,U :  a  conatellation  called  Dra- 

toj««Tent  0.ein  from  degeneratmg;   and  ^^     ^^^  ^  ^^^^  -^i.rn^i^  that  it  i»  the 

T:^-      J3"^.  "id  rteep  them  over  a  ^       ^^  ^,/^                                ^,^                ^ 

dMf  fiie,  m  <»der  to  hurten  their  eprouUng  u,e  various  «gn,  of  th.  weathcr;  and  thut 

od  eommg  forward.    And  •Ithough  care  ^   ^j,  g        «         ^        ,^      .    ^^ 

bt  taken  m  the  eelecUon,  thev  wiil  be  found  ^ri-    u     •              •«  •    *    *u    -^  -;.,«- 

emrthele.  to  degencraU  :^  and  all   that  of  liis  busmess,  as  it  ui  to  the  marmcr. 

Mame  for  him  to  do,  is,  to  select  evory  207.  Fauces  Aitydi,     The  Hellespont  or 

fou  with  hte  own  hand  the  fairest  and  bost  «traits,  which  separate  Europe  from  Asia: 

«eds;  «nd  tn  thia  way  oniy  he  may  keep  ^a^^ed  ostriferi^  becaose  abounding  in  Oy*- 

kM  crope  from  dogenerating  to  any  groat  ^ers.    Mydut:  a  city  on  the  Asiaiic  shore, 

ntent.     Thie  advice  is  worthy  the  atten-  ovcr  agamst  Sestut.     Tentantur:    in    the 

tioe  of  every  &rmer.  «en»®  o^  rutoigantur. 

194.  Petfhtndere:  this  may  either  mean  208.  Die:  for  Diei,  The  «en.  of  the 
le  sprinklo  them  (jcmtna)  over  with^  or  put  fiflh  declension  was  sometimee  thus  written. 
tkw  mto.     Rn«oa  says,  tpargere.  Somni^  is  elc^antly  put  for  noctit.     Uin  iA,- 

195.  FaDaeibu».  The  pods  or  cars  are  brafecerit.  Lt^ra  is  one  of  the  signs  of  the 
aiBed  fallacious,  becanse  they  are  some-  zodiac,  which  the  sun  enters  the  23d  of 
tJoHa  large,  wlien  there  js  very  little  in  September;  at  whicli  time  he  is  on  the  equa- 
\%mL     fWi».*  the  grain  or  prodoce.  tor,  and  makes  the  dayt  and  mvSVa  ^uhV. 


70  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Et  medium  luci  atque  umbris  jam  dividit  € 
Exercete,  viri,  tauros,  serite  hordea  campi 
Usque  sub  extremum  brumse  iutractabilis  i 
Necnon  et  lini  segetem  et  Cereale  papayei 
tlS.Tempuie«<tegere.Tempus  humo  tegere,  et  jamdudum  incus 
ct  eegetem  lim  ei  Ce-  d^^  gjccSL  tellure  licet,  dum  nubila  pendei 

"awf^I^um  Ik^t*  Hbi  ^®^  ^^^^  ^^^  '  *"™  ^®  quoque,  Medica, 
fiicere  id^  tellure  siccA,  Accipiunt  sulci ;  et  milio  venit  annua  cun 
et  dum  Candidus  auratis  aperit  cum  comibus  ann^ 

215.  Satio  fabis  eti  in  Taurus,  et  averso  cedcns  canis  occidit  ast 
▼ere:  tum  ^^  gj  triticeam  in  messem  robustaque  fiinn 

Exercebis  humum,  solisque  instabis  aristui 
Ante  tibi  £o8e  Atlantides  abscondantur, 
Gnossiaque  ardentis  decedat  stella  coronae 
Debita  quam  sulcis  committas  semina,  qui 
Invitse  properes  anni  spem  credere  terrae. 
SS5.  Muiti  ccBpere  «e-  Multi  ante  occasum  Maiae  coep^re :  sed  il 
**»*  •Jite  Expectata  seges  vanis  elusit  aristis. 

Si  ver6  viciamque  seres,  vilemque  faselun 

NOTES. 

211.  Brunw:  properly  the  shortest  daj  month  of  March :  but  Vii 
jf  winter,  or  the  winter  Bolstlce :  this  is  its  the  received  opinion,  and  i 
meaning  here.  Bj  synec.  it  is  bometimes  ms,  or  tho  month  of  Apri] 
put  for  the  whole  winter.  The  meaning  is,  etymology  of  the  word  ii 
that  the  farmer  may  extend  his  sowing  as  seems  to  be  released  fi-om  1 
late  as  the  winter  solstice,  which  is  about  ter,  and  vegetation  opens 
the  21  st  of  December.  Intractalnlit :  in  the  CaniM  cedtns^  &c.  The  d< 
tense  of  dura^  vel  atperm,  the  retrograde  sign,  sets. 

212.  Cereale:  an  adj.  from  Ceres,  The  called  the  dog  star)  isa  stf 
poppj  was  80  called,  most  probablj,  because  the  great  dog^  a  constell] 
it  was  consecrated  to  her.  Her  statues  vens.  Averso  Aslro,  As 
were  generally  adomed  with  it.  Ifecnon:  constellation  or  sign  Arg 
in  the  sense  of  quoque,  ately  follows  the  dog,  an 

213.  Jncumbere  rastrit:  to  ply  the  har-  It  rises  with  its  stem  forei 
rows.     The  poet  is  speaking  of  sowing,  or  manner  goes  through  the 
committing  to  the  earth  the  several  crops :  to  the  ordinary  motion  of 
which    could    not  be  done   tiU   afler  the  thet  averso^  inverted,  or 
ploughing.    Besides  it  rfequires  dry  weather  very  proper. 

to  uso  the  harrow:  to  which  reference  is  221.  Eoa.  Atlantides,    ' 

made  in  the  following  line.    But  the  plough  'iades ;  that  is,  when  they 

may  be  used  in  wet  weather.     Heyni  reads  ing,  or  go  bclow  the  horL 

aratris.     But  he  informs  us  that  Heinsius,  sing  of  the  sun.     This  is  ( 

Pierius,  and  others  read  rastris^  which  the  cal  setting.     See  138.  sup 

sense  seems  to  reqnire.  222.  Corona^    The  Cor 

214.  Pendeni :  in  the  sense  of  suspensa  tion  in  the  heavens  called 
mnt.  Onossia:  an  adj.  from  G 

215.  Mediea,  Aspeciesofgrass,  orplant,  the  island  of  Crete^  whei 
brought  into  Greece  by  the  Medes  in  the  whose  daughter  Ariadne  } 
time  of  the  Persian  wars.  Honce  called  Theseus,  and  Ief\  in  the  isl 
medica^  now  lueeme,  It  made  the  best  pro-  she  married  Baechus,  At 
vender  for  cattle,  and  when  sown,  it  is  said  nuptiols,  among  the  othei 
to  last  in  the  ground  thirty  years.  ceived   from  the  gods,  i 

216.  MUio,    The  milium  was  a  species  of  crown  from  Vtnus;  whic 
grass,  or  plant,  which  required  to  be  sown  lated  to  the  heavens. 
every  year.    Hence  annua  eura,    Now  call-  sense  of  splendentis, 

•d  millet,  225.  Maiat,  The  name  • 

218.  Cum  eandidus  Taurus,     Taurus  is  a  ades^  by  synec.  put  for  thi 

fign  of  the  ecliptic.    The  sun  enters  it  about  227.  Viciam,    The  vic 

the  21  st  of  April.    The  year  was  commonly  pulse  called  the  vetch.    f 

thought   to   be  opened  by  ArieSf  or  the  lus  was   a   kind  of  pul 


GEOllGICA.     LIB.  1.  71 

Nee  Pelosiace  curam  aspeniabere  lentis  ; 
Haud  obsctira  cadens  mittet  tibi  signa  Bootes : 

Incipe,  et  ad  medias  sementem  extende  pruinas.  230     ^|     Idcirco   aumis 

Idcirco  certis  dimensum  partibus  orbem  Sol  regit  orbcm  diniefi- 

F«r  duodena  regit  mundi  Sol  aureus  astra.  sum  certis  partibus  pcir 

Qliiique  tenent  coelum  zons :  quarum  una  corusco  duodena  asim  muudi. 

Semper  Sole  rubenl,  et  tornda  semper  ab  igni :  J^'  Quarum  un^ zoua 

Qnam  circikin  extrems  dextri  laevaque  trahuntur,  236     235.CircriniquamrfMa 

Cflerulel  glacie  concretse  atquc  imbribus  atris.  oztreme  zona:  irahuntur 

Has  inter  mediamque,  duae  mortalibus  aegris  dextraliev&(iue,coucretae 

Munere  concesssB  Divi^m,  et  via  secta  per  ambas,  ^*'-  ^"^®'"  ^**®  ^^^^ 

OWiquus  qua  se  sicnorum  verteret  ordo.  mediamque  zoruim  du« 

Mundus  ut  ad  Scythiam  Kiphaeasque  arduus  arces  240 ^^,^^^^,1,^  muuire  bi- 

Consurgit ;  premitur  Libyte  devexus  in  Austros.  vdm;  et  via  secta  e«/ per 

Hic  vertex  nobis  semper  sublimis ;  at  illum  ambas,  qu& 

Sub  ped\bus  Styx  atra  videt,  Manesque  profundi.  244.  Ifjc  {ad  tubhinem 

Uiximus  iuc  flexu  sinuoso  elabitur  anguis  Pfr"^  Maxmms  anguis 

rc    ^  ,.  a       '   '     A      .  r».,-  clabitur    circum    poium 

i/Utum,  perque  duas  m  morem  flumims  Arctos  :         245  ginuoso  flexu  eximdens 

Arctos,  Oceani  metuentes  aequore  tingi.  que 

NOTES. 

ckMp,  which  b  the  meaning  of  vilit^   in  235.  TVahttntur:  are  eztended — strctched 

Ikit  pUce.  out. 

t&.Lmiis.  The^em  wasakind  ofpulse,  239.  Obliquut  ordo:   the  ccliptic.     It  is 

vUeh  aboonded  in  Egypt,  and  particularly  callcd  obliquut^  because  it  makcs  an  angle 

UPehuium^  a  town  situated  near  the  east-  with  the  equator.  The  quantity  of  the  angie 

•n  Bouth  of  the  NLle.    Hence  the  adj.  Pe-  is  23^  28 '. 

fcwsia.  240.  Sci/thiam :  a  vast  country  lying  to- 

89.  Booies  eadent:    the  Bootes  setting  ward  the  arctic  circle.     Sce  Ecl.  i.  66.    Ri- 

vil  fire,  &C.     Bootet^  a  star  in  the  constel-  phaas  arces :  the  Riphasan  niountains.     An 

btkm  of  the  same  name,  near  the  north  cztenRive  range  stretching  along  Uic  north 

peli.    It  sete  acronically,  or  with  the  sun,  of  Europe,  andcovered  with  pcrpetualsnow. 

ilMt  thebeginningof  November;  and  cos-  Ut:  as.     Inauttros:  simply,to  tho  south. 

■ietlly,  or  at  the  time  of  his  rising,  about  242.  Hic  rertex,     The  poieH  arc  two  ima- 

tlw  beginning  of  March.     The  former  is  ginary  points  in  thc  heavens  directly  in  a 

htn  meant.     Mittet :  in  the  sense  of  dabit.  line  with  tho  axis  of  the  earth.     On  the 

232.  Duodena  attra.     Astronomers  divide  equator  these  points  are  in  the  hori7.on.     Tn 

tbeecliptic,  or  the  circle  in  which  the  sun  all  places  on  the  norlh  of  the  equator,  the 

tppean  to  move,  into  12  equal  parts,  called  nortli  pole  is  visible ;  while  tlie  south  pole 

i^pis^  and  each  of  these  signs  into  30  equal  will  be  depressed  below  the  horizon.    lUum : 

Cealled  derrees.    A  space  8  degrees  in  the  south  pole. 

Ih  on  each  tide  of  this  circle  is  called  244.    Maximut    angitit.      The     dragon, 

Ihe  lodiac,  because  it  contains  tlie  12  con-  {Draco^)  the  keeper  of  the  ^arden  of  the 

~itionA»  which  take  the  names  of  certain  Hesperides,  af\er  he  was  killed  by  Hercu- 

iils:  mm  Jiriet^  7\iurut^  Slc    Italsocon-  Ics,  was  translated  to  heavrm,  and  made  a 

the  orbits  of  the  planeta.  constellation  near  the  north  pole.     With  his 

i33.  Huinqtte  Mona,     Geographers  divide  tail  he  touches  Urta  major^  and  with  tlie 

Ikiiariaoe  of  the  earth  into  five  grand  por-  flexure  of  his  body  embraces  Ur^a  minor: 

cailed  zones :  one  of  which  they  de-  the  greater  and  lesser  bears :    here  called 

the  torrid  or  buming ;    two   the  ^rctot.     This  will  be  seen  by  looking  upon 

irmie;  and  two  the  frozen  zones.     The  a  celestial  globe. 

ISRid  je  that  portion  of  the  oarth^s  surface  246.    Arciot    metuentet :    fearing   to   be 

mdmimd  hetween  the  tropice  of  Cancer  and  touched  in  the  waters  of  the  ocean.    The 

Cipcieom.     In  every  part  of  which  the  sun  elevation  of  the  pole  at  any  given  place  is 

iinrtacal  twice in every  year.  The  ancionts  always  equal  to  the  latitude  of  tJiat  place. 

wHipueuii  it  to  be  oninhabitable  on  account  ConRequently  all  those  stara  that  are  ncar- 

if  ils  graat  hmnU    Thoee  parta  of  the  earth^s  er  the  pole  than  the  distance  any  plar.e  is 

■Btftee  thal  lie  between  the  two  tropics  and  from  the  equator  in  degrecs,  will  not  set  be- 

99kr  ctrelM,  are  denomiuated  the  tempe-  low  the  horizon  at  that  place,  but  continue 

tttesonee.    The  two  firozen  zones  embrace  to  revolve  about  the  pole.    This  is  the  case 

fhen  fmrim  Wtween  the  polar  circles  and  the  with  the  two  constellations  htie  mewUoii»^ 

in  the  httitude  of  Italy. 


72  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

t47.  nOo,  {adaxutra-  IHic,  ut  perhibent,  aut  intempesta  silet  no 
joii^ofum)  ut  perhibent  gemper,  et  obtenti  densantur  nocte  tenel 
AoMtiiet,  aut  ^^^  rodAi  a  nobis  Aurora,  diemque  reduc 

Nosque  ubi  primus  equis  oriens  afflavit  ai 
Illic  sera  rubens  accendit  luniina  Vesper* 
Ilinc  tempestates  dubio  prsedicere  ccelo 
Possumus  ;  hinc  messisque  diem,  tempu» 
Et  quando  infidum  remis  impellere  marm 
Conveniat ;  quando  armatas  deducere  cla 
Aut  tempestivam  sylvis  evertere  pinum. 

Nec  frustra  signorum  obitus  speculamu 
Temporibusque  parem  diversis  quatuor  a: 
859.  Si  quando  fiigi-  Frigidus  agricolam  si  quando  continet  im 
dns  imber  continet  agri-  Multa,  forent  quoB  mox  ca»lo  properanda 

eoUm  domU  hme  tenwm  Maturare  datur :  durum  procudit  arator 
datur   raaturare  multa,  ,r  •      i.     •   j     ^  *      i_        r 

quB  mox  forent  prope-  Vomens  obtusi  dentem  ;  cavat  arbore  hn 

nnda,  ccbIo  sereno :         Aut  pecori  signum,  aut  numeros  impressi 

Exacuunt  ahi  vallos,  furcasque  bicomes, 

Atque  Amerina  parant  lentae  retinacula  v 

Nunc  facihs  rubca  texatur  fiscina  virg^  : 

Nunc  torrete  igni  fruges,  nunc  frangite  sf 

Quippe  etiam  festis  quaBdam  exercere  die 

Fas  et  Jura  sinunt :  rivos  deducere  nulla 

Religio  vetuit,  segeti  prstendere  sepem, 

Insidias  avibus  mohri,  incendere  vepres, 

Balantiimque  gregem  fluvio  mersare  salul 

NOTES. 

848.  Deruantur :  is  thickened — rendercd  dug  out  of  the  solid  bodj 

ftUl  more  dark,  night   being  eztended,  or  — bowls^&c 

lengthened  out.     At  the  polcs  there  are  six  263.  Signum :  in  the  sei! 

monthfl  day,  and  six  months  night,  alter-  vis,     Acervus  is  a  heap  or 

natcly.  — a  heap  of  grain.      Her 

249.  Aurora :  Aurora  retums  to  them,  taken  for  the  sacks  or  ba 
fit>m  us.     She  wos  goddess  of  the  moming,  the  grain. 

the  daughter  of  Titan  and  Ttrra.     She  fell  265.  Amerina  rttinaeu* 

in  lovc  with  TUfumus^  the  son  of  Laome-  to  fasten   the  kmber  vin 

don,  king  of  Troj,  bj  whom  she  had  Mem-  adj.  from  wfmmo,  a  tov 

noTLt  who  came  to  assist  Priam  against  the  spacious    countrj    in  Ita 

Greeks,  and  was  slain  bj  AchiUes.      She  abounded. 

obtained  forher  lover  immortahty ;  butfor-  266.  Rubeavirgd:  with 

got,  at  the  same  time,  to  aak  for  perpetual  er   twig.    Rubea  .*   an  a<i 

youth  and  beautj.    At  last  he  grew  old  Rubi^  a  town  of  Campani 

and  infirm ;    and  requested  her  to  remove  vifga^  or  wicker  abounded 

him  from  the  world ;  but  as  that  could  not  derstands  it  in  this  senM 

be  done,  she  is  said  to  have  changed  him  for  so  doing,  he  observM 

into  a  grasshopper:  which,  aa  oflen  as  it  rubus^   the    bramble,   is  : 

grows  old,  renews  its  age.     Bj  meton.  ele-  Heyne  is  qf  the  same  opiz 

gantlj  put  for  the  moming.  267.  Torrete :  diy.    Fr% 

250.  Ortens:  in  the  sense  of  SoL  269.   Fas  et  Jura  tim 

255.  Dedueere :  to  launch  the  armed  fleets.  There  is  a  difference  of  sigi 
Marmor :  in  the  sense  of  mare.  fat  and  jus,    The  formei 

256.  Ten^estivam:  seasonable— denoting  law,  or  what  may  be  do» 
the  time  proper  for  cutting  the  pine.  £ver-  to  be  done,  by  the  laws  d 
tere:  in  the  sense  of  eadere,  ter  a  natural  right— or  i 

261.  Maturare:  to  do  in  season^-or,  at  reason— common  law.  1 
leisure.  drain  the  water  frora  his  fl 

262.  Dentem :  the  edge  of  his  dull  or  272.  BalantiUn :  gen.  pla 
blunt  ahare.     Lintres,    These  were  veasels     of  balo,  here  used  as  a  au 


9  GEORGIOA.    UB.  1.  )S 

Sspe  oleo  tardi  cosolb  aghator  aselli, 
TiSibus  aut  onerat  pomis :  lapidemque  revertens  ^4.  H^yerimiMdamum 

bcusum,  aut  atr»  massam  picis,  urbe  reportat.  276  **  ^^  reporut 

Ipsa  dies  alios  alio  dedit  ordine  Luna  p  ...       -^ 

Pdices  operum.     Quintam  fuge :  paUidus  Orcus,  ^^^  '^^^  Eum^ideMnt 

Euroenidesque  satie :  tum  partu  Terra  nefando  eats  tunU  iUo  diu 

Cteumque^  tfapetumque  creat,  ssevumque  Typhcea, 

Et  eonjuratos  coelum  rescindere  fratres.  280 

Ter  sunt  conati  imponere  Peiio  Ossam 

fleificet,  atque  Ossae  frondosum  involvcre  Olympum : 

Ter  Pater  extructos  disjecit  fiiUnine  montes. 

Septima  post  dccimam  felix,  et  ponere  vitem,  2ft4.  Scptimac/teipoei 

Et  prensos  domitare  boves,  et  licia  tei»  285  decimam  tit  fcUz,  et  po  • 

Addere  :  nona  fugje  meiior,  contraria  furtis.  ^®''®^  v 

Multa  aded  geUda  melius  se  nocte  ded^re  :  lior  fug®  "Irf    ' "'  ™" 

Aut  ciim  Sole  novo  terras  irrorat  Eoiis.  ' 

Nocte  leves  stipula;  meUus,  nocte  arida  prata 

Toodentur :  noctes  lentus  non  deUcit  humor.  290 

El  quidam  seros  hyberni  ad  luTniiiis  ignes 

PerrigilaU  ferro^fQe  faces  inspicat  acuto. 

litterea  longum  cantu  solata  iaborem 

Aiguto  conjux  percurrit  pectine  telas  :  294.   Conjux    eolata 

Anl  dukis  musti  Vulcano  decoquit  humorem,  296  loig^m  laborem  cania 

fc  foUis  undam  tepidi  dcspumat  aheni.  percumt 

NOTES. 

174.  Lapidem  ineutum:   a  furrowed  or  281.  Pelio.     The  mountains  here  men- 

M^gnttd  •tone,  for  thc  purpose  of  grinding  tioned  were  yery  high  mountains  in  Thee- 

Mi;  tomething  Uke  oor  mill-stone.  saly,  near  the  Siniu  Thtrmaieus,    The  lat- 

S76.  Jlii^s  dies  :  otherdayi.  ^lio  ordine:  ter  is  sometimes  takcn  for  heaven. 

h  t  diflercnt  order  irom  those  above  men-  286.  Fitga:  in  the  sense  of  t7mm  ;  and 

tiMed.  The  ancienUi  ■uperetitiously  thought  eontraria^  in  the  sense  of  adcersa^  vel  si 

•■M  days  of  the  month  to  be  lucky,  and  nisira. 

rtkcn  onlueky.  288.  Eoiis :  tbe  moming  star ;  by  mcton. 

27t.  Eumenides:  thofuriee.     They  were  the  moming.    J^otfo  tole:  in  the  sense  of 

■id  to  have  eprung  fVom  the  blood  of  a  die  ineiptente^  vel  oriente. 

Mnd,  which  Coelue    received    from    his  289.  Stipula :  in  the  scnse  of  aritttr^  sayt 

Ivetlier  Satum.     Some  say  they  were  the  Rusus.     Mowing  in  gcneral  is  best  eflTected 

iu|iiien  of  Acheron  and  Noz,  or  of  Pluto  when  the  dew  is  upon  the  grass. 

nd  Prowerpine.     Tkey  were  threc  in  num-  292.  Inspicat :  he  forms  nintcho»  with  a 

Wr:  Disiphone^  Megtrra^  and  Alecto,     They  sharp  knife.     Any  instrument  made  of  irov 

*«•  nppoeed  to  be  tho  ministers  of  ven-  may  be  called  ferrum. 

pmte  to  tbe  gods  and  to  be  constantly  ^5.  Decoquit :  sheboilsaway  the  liqnor 

Miploywl  in  punishing  tKe  wicked  in  hell.  of  sweet  must,  and  skims,  Jcc.    jMushim  is 

Hijjr  were   •ometimes  called   Furia   and  sweet  or  new  made  wine.     Thc  juice  of 

£r«Mi^e«.     Tliey  were  worshipped  ;  butthe  the  grape,  when  boiled  down  one  third  part, 

pe^le  dared  not  to  mention  their  names,  or  formed  what  was  callcd  sapa^  aiid  when  onf 

MCi  to  fiz  their  eyes  upon  their  temple.  half,  it  formed   the  defrutum.     Vvlran^is 

Hht  were  repreeented  holding  a  buming  was  the  son  of  Jupiter  and  Juno.     ()n  ao> 

tarck  m  one  hand,  and  a  whip  of  ecorpiens  count  of  his  deformity,  hc  wa8  cnst  down 

■  tht  other  hand.  from  heaven  upon  the  island  of  1  .emnoe. 

TtK.  Crtai  :  in  tho  senae  of  edidii^  vel  whon*  hc  taught  the  inhabitant^  the  smitb 

fndagii.  trado,  and   married  Venus.     The  Cyclopa 

fT9.  CKim^ue,  fic    Thete  are  the  names  were  his  workmen  and  assiMtanta.     ife  wat 

flf  three  giants,  who  attempted  to  scale  hea-  the  god  of  fire ;  hence  Fulcanus^  by  nieton. 

v«  tad  detlut>ne  the  gods.     They  were  the  of\cn  is  put  for  fire  itseif,  aH  in  the  presenl 

Mwof  Titan  andTerra.  Thooe  here named  instanco.     fJe  «^as  somctimes  ealled  Jiutei' 

■■ethe  principal  ones.  Conjuratos  fratres.  ber^  l^ipotcns^  and  Pandamntor. 

Thaw  ibduded  the  whole  n^atemity,  that  29C.  Undam.     Hy  this  \ve  aro  to  untlet- 

Mi  «Df  «f  ed  iD  the  «nterprise.  stand  the  liquor  in  the  hoi\mt[  W«\.W«.  Terit 


74  P*  VIRGIUI  MA&ONIS     ,     . 

At  nibicunda  Ccrcs  medio  succiditur  ( 
Et  medio  tostas  sstu  terit  area  firuges. 
Nudus  ara,  sere  nudus :  hyems  ignava  cc 
Frigoribus  parto  agricoiae  plerumque  firui 
Mutuaque  inter  se  laeti  convivia  curant : 
Invitat  genialis  hyems,  curasque  resolvit 
Ceu  pressse  cum  jam  portum  tetig^re  ca 
Puppibus  et  Iseti  nautse  imposu^re  corona 
Sed  tamen  et  quemas  glandes  tum  string 
Et  lauri  baccas,  oleamque,  cnientaque  iri 
9U7.  Tunc  lemptu  t»t  Tunc  gruibus  pedicas,  et  retia  ponere  ce 
fU0tgu€  ponere  Auritosque  sequi  lepores  ;  tum  figere  da 

3(W.  Tum  tMt  tempm  st^pea  torquentem  Balearis  verbera  fim^ 
vtnatorem  figere  damas  ^^^     -       ^:     -       ^      y     >  y      a       - 

torquentem  stupea  ver-  ^^^  ^  ^^^  J^^®^'  glaciem  cum  flummi 
bera  Balearis  fundso,  Quid  tempestates  autumni  et  sidera  di 
tdm  Atque,  ubi  jam  breviorque  dies,  et  molli' 

Qu8B  vigilanda  viris  ?  vel  cum  ruit  imbri£ 

Spicea  jam  campis  cum  messis  inhorruit, 

Frumenta  in  viridi  stipula  lactentia  turge 

Ssepe  ego,  cum  flavis  messorem  induceric 

Agricola,  et  fragih  jam  stringeret  hordei 

S18.  Ego   Bspe   vidi  Omnia  ventorum  concurrere  prselia  vidi, 

oamia  prasfia  ventorum  Quse  gravidam  late  segetem  ab  radicibu 

oonciirrere,quBeruerent  Sublime  expulsam  eruerent;  ita  turbine 

Ferret  hyems  culmumque  levem,  stipula 
Scepe  etiam  immensum  coelo  venit  agme 

NOTES. 

threshes,  or  beats  out.    Fruges  tostas:  the  315,  Laetmiia :  milky 

dry,  or  ripe  grain.  318.  Omniapralia  veni 

297.  Medio  astu :   in  the  middle  of  the  ers  of  the  winds  in  fier 

day.    Ccres :  for  teges^  the  grain,  or  harvest.  Ruibus    says :    pitgnas 

Rubicunda :  in  the  sense  oTJlava,  miseeri.     This  compariM 

209.  J^udus  ava^  &c.    Thc  poet^s  meaning  the  wind,  and  of  growii 

here  is,tliat  the  farmershould  be  industrious,  has  becn  oensured  by  so 

and  tum  the  summer  to  the  best  account ;  passage  is  probably  to  b( 

for  the  winter  is  a  season  of  rest  and  festi-  presenting  the  growing 

vity,  when  he  may  enjoy  the  firuitof  liis  la-  the  tempest,  and  whiriec 

bors.  easily   as  light  straw   it 

300.  Farto  *  what  he  had  gotten  during  whirlwind.  Martyn,  H 
the  summer.  Rebus  per  otstatem  comparatis^  concur,  says  Valpy,  Ln  t] 
•ays  Ruieus.  320.  Expulsam :  in  th 

301.  Curani:  in  the  sense  o£  parant.  tam.    J^igro  turbine:  in 

304.  Ceu  presstBcarina:  may  either  mean  a  whirlwind  brii^ng  v 
laden  ships,  or  weather-beaten  ships.  Ca-  darkncss,  and  imbruing 
rina  is  proporly  the  keel ;  by  synec  the  in  the  sense  of  tempeslat 
whole  ship.  322.  Immensum  agmet 

305.  Stringere  :  in  the  sense  of  eoUigere.     surpass,  in  grandeur  and 
309.  Balearis  fundct :  the  Balerian  sling.     scription  which  we  here 

The  islandfl  Majorca,  Minorca,  and  Uvica,  storm,  of  its  rise,  and  ei 

on  tli3  coast  of  Spain,  were  called  by  the  band  or  army  of  vapor 

ancients   Bal^rides ;    the    inhabitants    of  heavens ;    the  clouds,  u 

which  were  famous  for  the  use  of  the  sling.  with  vapor,  collect  toge 

Stupea  verbera :  the  hempen  strings.  and,    forming     themsel 

312.  jEstas :  in  the   sense  of  calor^  vel  wreaths,  brew  a  deep  am 

mstus.    The  verb  «/  is  to  be  supplied.     Fi-  They  then  burst,  and  di 

riianda :    euranda^    vei   providenda^    says  luge  of  water,  that  the  i 

Hejrne.     F^tris :  for  agricolu.  dissolved,  and  pouring  u 

913.  Ruii :  hastons  to  a  close.     Rueus  floods  sweep  away  the 

saya  dMnif,  aad  ServivB,  prmc^^itaiur»  the  labors  cf  man  and 


6EOR61GA.    LBB.  L  9S 

m  gloinenuit  tempestatem  imbrlbus  atris 
e  ez  alto  nubes :  ruit  arduus  aether, 
li  ingenti  sata  laeta,  boumque  labores  3S5 

implentur  fossae,  et  cava  flumina  crescunt 
nitiLi  fenretque  fretis  spirantibus  aequor. 
ter,  medii  nimborum  in  nocte,  coru8C& 
i  molitur  dextri .  quo  maxima  motu 
remit :  fug^re  ferse,  et  mortalia  corda  SSO 

ites  humilis  stravit  pavor :  ille  flagranti 
bo,  a|it  Rhodopen,  aut  alta  Ceraunia  telo 
:  ingeminant  Austri,  et  densissimus  imber : 
emora  ingenti  vento,  nunc  litora  plangimt. 
metuens,  coeli  menses  et  sidera  serva :  536 

Saturoi  sese  qud  stella  receptet : 
rnis  coeli  Cyllenius  erret  in  orbes. 
is  venerare  Deos,  atque  annua  magnfls 
efer  Cereri,  laetis  operatus  in  herbis, 
;s  sub  casum  hjemis,  jam  vere  sereno.  «540 

gni  pinguea,  et  tunc  moilissima  vina ,:  341    Tunc  agni  $umi 

omni  dulced,  densseque  in  montibus  umbrfls. 
tibi  Cererem  pubes  agrestis  adoret : 
lacte  fevos,  et  miti  dilue  Baccho, 

NOTES. 

i ;  the  winding  riveTS  swell,  and  the  from  the  circomstance  of  its  gretLi  distmnc« 

I  in  itfl  foaraing  (Htha.  from  the  sun,  and  the  nnall  degree  of  heat 

^re/u.     FreHtm  is  properly  a  strait,  it  recoives  from  him.    On  the  other  hand« 

»f  the  eea.    Hpirant^  ae  here  used,  the  planet  Mercury  ia  called  ligniM^  on  ao- 

ful  and  ezpreaaive.     The  figure  ia  count  of  ita  neamesato  the  8un,  and  the  d^- 

om  water  boiling,  which  seems  to  gree  of  heat  it  probablj  receivcs  from  him. 

{spirare)  hy  emitting  a  steam  or  Cyllenim.    A  name  of  the  god  Mercury. 

Da  is  all  in  commotion.  He  was  the  Bon  of  Jupiter  and  Maia,  the 

\ioiilur:  in  the  aenae  of  vibrat^  vel  god  of  eloquence,  and   messenger  of  thn 

\ttiO  motu.    Bj  this  we  are  to  under-  gods.     He  had  a  winged  cap  called  Petastu, 

obablj  the  act  of  vibrating  or  hurU  and  winged  feet  called  T\Uaria.    The  in- 

thunder-bolt — the   thtmdcr   itself.  vention  of  the  Ijre,  and  its  seven  strings,  la 

•  ancients  suppoaed  to  be  the  bolt,  attributed  to  him ;  which  he  gavc  to  Apollo, 

liing  more  than  the  lightning — the  and  received  in  retum  the  celebrated  Ca* 

natter,  passing  from  one  cloud,  or  dueeut^  which  was  a  rod  or  wand  encircled 

be  atoosphere,  to  another,  that  was  with  serpents,  and  said  to  possess  cxtraor* 

Ij  electrified,  and  thus  became  vi-  dinarj  virtues   and  qualities.    It  was  his 

•  business  to  conduct  the  marut  of  the  dead 

"^trtt  fugtrt:  the  wild  beasts  have  to  the  infemal  regions.     He  presided  over 

bere  is  a  peculiar  force  in  the  use  of  orators,  merchants,  and  thieves.     The  wor- 

Bct  tense  here.    The  beasts  of  the  ship  of  Mercurj  was  established  in  Greece, 

LT,  and  thej  are  gone,  and  are  out  Egjpt,  and  Italj.     He  was  called  Cylleniut^ 

in  a  moment,  seeking  their  wonted  from  a  mountain  in  Arcadia  of  that  name, 

where  he  is  said  to  have  been  bom ;  CadueeO' 

9iho:   a  Greek  acc.    A  mountain  tor^TVifilex^DelitUyk,e,  AccordingtoCicero, 

lonia,  which  overlooked  the  iEgean  there  were  four  others  to  whom  thc  name 

iodopen.    A   mountain,   or   rather  of  Mercurj  was  given.     Of  these,  waa  a 

mountains  in  Thrace.     Ceraunia :  famous  philosopher  of  Egjpt,  whom  thej 

neu.  mountains  in  Epirus.     Thej  cailed  Hermet  JVitmigitttu.   CjfUeniutigmt: 

ealled  irom  a  Greek  word  signifj-  the  planet  Mercuiy. 

^'•^rto^r """'  '"''"^ '''" ,  ^\  ^-'•-  -  ^«  --  o^  --'•  ^ 

imber^ntitrimut.    Ru»us  sajs:  *"'  P'''^^^- 

4  e^ioeittima,  344.  Cui  tu  dilue  fatot:   fbr  whom  d 

hti/rigida  tiella:  to  what  part  of  thou   mingle  honej   with  milk  and  swett 

Jie  cold  star  of  Satura  betakes  it-  wine.    Favot :   the  comb ;  bj  metoBu  ^Um 

itnm  im  called  cold  most  probablj  honej  contained  in  it. 


n  P.  VlRGILn  MARONIS 

Terque  novas  circdm  felix  eat  hostta  fii 

346.    Ctaam  hoftiam  Omnis  quam  chorus  et  socii  comitentur 

omniMchorus.et/uiiocu  £|  Cererem  clamore  vocent  in  tecta:  i 

Falcem  maturis  quisquam  supponat  arif 

Quam  Cereri,  torti  redimitus  tempora  • 

Det  motus  incompositos^  et  carmina  dk 

Atque  hcec  ut  certis  possimus  disceii 

iEtusque,  pluviasque,  et  agentes  frigon 

Ipse  pater  statuit,  quid  menstrua  Luna 

Quo  signo  caderent  Austri,  quid  saspe  i 

AgricoliB  propius  stabuhs  armenta  tene 

Continud,  ventis  surgentibus,  aut  freta  | 

Incipiunt  agitata  tumescere,  et  aridus  m 

Montibus  audiri  fragor ;  aut  resonantia 

Litora  misceri,  et  nemorum  increbreaa 

Jam  sibi  tum  curvis  male  temperat  und 

Cum  medio  celeres  revolant  ex  SBquore 

Clamoremque  ferunt  ad  litora,  cumque 

36S.  Stoc»  lii»rt         In  sicco  ludunt  fulice ;  notasque  palud 

364.  AitSoAquo  deflerit  Deserit,  atque  altam  supra  volat  ardea 

•otM  paludee,  atque  vo-  Ssepe  etiam  stellas,  vento  imp^idente, 

lal  Mpra  altam  nubem.    prajeipites  ccelo  labi ;  noctisque  per  ui 

Flammarum  longos  a  tergo  albescere  t 
Siepe  leveni  paleam  et  frondes  volitare 
Aut  summ^  nantes  in  aqul  coUudere  p 
At  Bore«  de  parte  trucis  cum  fulminal 
Eurique  Zephyrique  tonat  domus ;  om 
Rura  natant  fossis  ;  atque  omnis  naviti 

NOTES. 

345.  FtUx  hottia.    The  poet  here  alludee  360.  Jam  tum  umdm 
lo  the  imerijieium  mmhtrvaie^  eo  cailed,  be-  the  waves  ecarcelr  rest 
oauae  the  rictim  was  led  three  times  around  (swallowing  up)  the  bi 
the  field;  mh  am^re  «mi.  in  the  eense  of  dijffieili 

346.  Omuut  chmru»  et  ameii:  the  same  as  361.   Mer^:  a  spo( 
mmmi»  ehorut  wiemai.  nendlj  taken  to  be  tlio 

349.  Hedtmutu»  temkpmrm :  booiid  as  to  his  verS  si^o. 
lemplee  with  a  wreath  of  oak.     The  poet        363.  Fuhem :  a  spee 

ffijoin»  upi^n  the  fknmex  to  make  two  o0er>  Hke  the  commoii  dack; 
Hifs  to  Cr<Yi:  the  first  of  honej  and  wine,         364.  mirdia:  a  biid 

at  the  be|i[inmn|r  of  spraif :  dUue  farmt^  ^.  and  soarinr  high.     F 

The  othex  of  a  Tictim  at  the  beginniii^of  stanrecal!ed«f)tf«a«f«ii 
harrwt :  ter  ffftr  hmthms  kic,  3dS.  Smpe  ridfhit  ji 

33tV  inf^tmi^^ftft  mmtut:  the  irrefrular  or  or\cn  9ee  stars.  &c. 

UMMethodicAl  dance:  sucii  as  ts  penormed  confonnitr  to  the  tqI 

br  mtio».     Cfrert:  iiempo«  oi  Aeiisrrai  Ce^  moxe^  fr»m  its  statian. 

nnis.  to  «  hioh  the  poet  aH* 

^l.  Hme'  ncmpe^  •jfmyiw^  mhtrijit^me.  nxixirr — mete^>rsw    Thi 

SSS.  .Vc^tr^:  in  the  se»ae  ot  it^ifmrrS,  to  cart  acm»  the  be«i 

SM«    ^i^TM'  *    ia    the    M«se    of   mitcto.  dxrincsiv  of  ihe  m|:ht, 

^«•d  wtkdtettam  rstH  w>mti  iMr  mstt-^.  «ars  thcrn    x   tr&in    ^^/-crfH 

H<eT«o.    «lii.Am .-  hecY  p«t  fir  any  boistnv  lm>*^r^t :    tlueAtci 

OM  wiad:  thc  mne»  for  the  fmw<.  haad. 

5S*k  fVft?*  y^"i:  funp^T.  Jw  pcmtriK  rtl         :>Tl.  Drmut  Evrifm 

•  •»**  ^  F-v-*ui».  swper;T  a  ^traiu  or  uirrow  t^  hr^rca»  fhoatn  wluf 

l^  ssa.  :.  -•    >v:    rxl'.*   ticcr 

iSS.     ^i-jdt^    *i£r»*":    a    ^irr    cr».-k:r.jf  T::f   -pa  .^-*rk<isi  x$  hi 

«8K''    a»  »  msoe  aai>i^r  «irr  uryt»  t>.-f  r^.-^*.  rsc^Udcss  t vcfe 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  L  » 

a  Tela  legit.     Nunquam  impnidentibua  imber 

Aut  illum  surgentem  vallibus  imis 
fug^re  grues ;  aut  bucula  coelum  376 

ien&,  patulis  captavit  naribus  auras .  376.  Saipiciomiiidefli. 

guta  kcus  circumvolitavit  hirundo :  ^""^ 

srem  in  limo  rans  cecin^re  querelam. 
s  et  tectis  penetralibus  extulit  ova 
tum  formica  terens  iter ;  et  bibit  ingens  380 

;  et  e  pastu  decedens  agmine  magno 
ruro  increpuit  densis  exercitus  alis. 

arias  pelagi  volucrel,  et  quie  Asia  circdm  383.  Jam  videu  va- 

lus  in  stagnis  rimantur  prata  Caystri,  nas  volucres  pelagi,  et 

im  lareos  humeris  infundere  rores ;  385  ««iq««riinanturcircum 

c.put  objectare  ftet»,  nunc  currej«  in  und-,  tZ^%s^,^^^ 

dio  incassum  videas  gestire  lavandi.  inftndere   largoe  rorai 

;omix  pleni  pluviam  vocat  improba  voce,  humeris 

1  in  sicc4  secum  spatiatur  arenl. 
octuma  quidem  carpentes  pensa  puellae  390 

ere  hyemem  :  test^  cum  ardente  viderent 
lare  oleum,  et  putres  concrescere  fungos. 

minus  ex  imbri  soles,  et  aperta  serena  imh^^    tl*^  minue  ex 

cere,  et  certis  poteris  cognoscere  signis.  ^  ^^  ^ifl!'!^^ 

leque  tum  stellis  acies  obtusa  videtur,  395  oeremciof  ■olefl,etapeil« 

atris  radtis  obnoxia  surgere  Luna :  el  serena  ctUa. 

NOTES. 

Imprttdentilnuy  &c.    Never  hath   a  385.  Infundere  largos :  to  throw  eagerlj 

hnrt  any  person  unforwamed :  that  much  water  upon  their  backs.    JRoret  .*  in 

Dwer  always  givee  auch  certain  signs  the  sense  of  aqtutm, 

ipproach,  that  any  who  will  attend  387.  Studio  Utvandi :  through  a  derire  of 

n,  may  aToid  receivin^  injury  from  washing  thenuelves  in  vain.     IneaMtvm  may 

ijDe  ioforms  ua,  that  the  Medicean,  be  understood  in  three  Bensefl.     1.  Becauae 

iieothorcopiee,read|rrtM^/t^iM;  he,  nothing  can  add  to  the  whitenees  of  the 

T,  prefen  the  umial  reading,  impru'  swan,  Uie  fowl  here  epoken  of.    2.  Becauee 

■».     PrudentHm»  is  the  easier.  they  need  take  no  pains  to  waah  themnelvee, 

lUum  gvrgeniem^  &c.     Thia  sentence  for  the  impending  rain  will  do  it  withont 

ble  of  two  constructions :     1.  The  thcir  iabor.     3.  Because,  according  to  Ser- 

may  flee  the  shower,  rising  out  of  tiie  vius,  water  will  not  wet  their  feathers. 

;  which  is  the  seiise  Ruobus  gives.    2.  390.    Carpentes :    carding   their   nightly 

M&  takes  it  to  mean  that  the  cranes  tasks  of  wool. 

lo  the  valleyai  to  avoid  the  rising  392.  Fungot:  the  dots  or  spungy  suh 

This  is  aiso  the  opinion  of  Valpy.  stanoe  that  gathers  round  the  wick  of  the 

El  rmna:  eeeinere^  iic     This  alludes  lamp  or  candle.     SeintiUart :  to  sputter  Of 

&ble  of  the  transformation  of  the  snap  in  the  buming  shell. 

•  into  frogs  fbr  reproaching  Latona^  393.  J^ec  minus,    Having  mentioned  the 
'h  hmrd  treatment,  when  thny  croak,  signs  of  a  storm,  the  poet  now  enumersies 

•  Midtocomplain.    See  Ovid.  Mot.     those  of  fair  weathor.    He  makes  them  in 

number  nine.     Ex  imbri:  aftor  a  shower. 

fmf^ens  areu$  :  the  spacious  bow  hath  SoUs:  days. 

alluding  to  a  vulgar  notion  that  the  395.  ^eies  steUis :  Ruaeus  says,  lux  steUw 

r  dnuik  the  water  that  supplied  tiie  rum,  Videtur:  in  the  sense  of  apparei. 

396.  Ltma  s%trgere  obnoxia :  nor  will  the 

jSsim :  an  adj.  from  ^sius^a.  lake  and  moon  seem  to  nse  beholden  (or  indebted)  to 

etween  the  river  Caystrus  and  the  the  beams  of  her  brother.     The  moon  will 

Uk  Tmolus^  'm  the  coiidfines  of  Lydia  rise  so  clear  and  bright  that  she  will  seem 

ryfia  Major.     Caifstrus  falls  into  the  to  shine  by  her  own  inherent  light,  and  not 

eea,  aot  far  from  the  once  famous  by  reflecting  the  rays  of  the  sun.    Sol  and 

Ephemis.     On  its  banks  the  swan  Luna  in  heaven,  the  samo  as  Apollo  and 

id.    HMMMlnr;  iii  the  sense  of /re-  Diana  on  earth,  were  said  to  have  been  ikm 

im  children  of  Latona.    8«a  llc\.  W.  \(^ 


78  P.  mGlLlI  MARONIS 

Tenuia  nec  lana;  per  coelum  vellera  feni 
Non  tepidum  ad  solem  pennas  in  litore  p 
Dilectae  Thetidi  Halcyones :  non  ore  sol 
Immundi  meminere  sues  jactare  manipk 

401.  Ima  loea  At  nebulas  magis  ima  petunt,  campoque 

Solis  et  occasum  servans  de  culmine  sun 
Nequicquam  seros  exercet  noctua  cantui 
Apparet  liquido  sublimis  in  aere  Nisus, 
£t  pro  purpureo  pcenas  dat  Scylla  capill^ 
Quicunque  illa  levem  fiigiens  secat  sthe 
Ecce  inimicus,  atrox,  magno  stridore  pe 
Insequitur  Nisus :  qua  se  fert  Nisus  ad  ai 
Illa  levem  fugiens  raptim  secat  aethera  pc 

410.  Tam   corvi   ter  Tum  liquidas  corvi  presso  ter  gutture  vo 
aut  quatar  ingemmant  ^  .^j  quater  ingeminant :  et  B«pe  cubilibu 

"412."^«^,  ncmcio  qnA  ^^^^  qui  prffiter  solitum  dulcedine  l«ti 

dnlcedine,  praeter   Boli-  Inter  se  folus  strepitant :  juvat  imbnbus 

tam  morem  strepitant      Progeniem  parvam,  dulcesque  revisere  n 

415.   Haud   equidem  Haud  equidem  credo,  quia  sit  divinitus  il 

eredo  hoe  fieri  t/a,  quia  Ingenium,  aut  rerum  fato  prudentia  majc 

Venim,  ubi  tempestas  et  cceli  raobiiis  hui 
419.  Deneat  ea,  qun  M utavere  vias :  et  Jupiter  humidus  Austi 

i^fig^  Vertuntur  species  animorum,  et  pectora 

421.  Concipiunt  nunc  Nunc  alios,  alios,  dum  nubila  ventus  age 

NOTES. 

397.  Tenma  vellera :  thin  white  clouds,  for  the  purple  lock.  Dare- 

like  fleeces  of  wool.  — iolvere  pfBnas^yelsupplu 

399.  Halcyones,     Cejrz,  king  of  TVaehi-  ed.     These  are  phrases. 
ntA,  going  to  consult  the  orade  of  ApoUo  at  i^ffieere  potnA  vel  aupplid 
Chtrusy  was  shipwrecked  in  the  ^gean  sea.  — petere  pcmas^  vcl  suppli 
His  wife,  Ualcyone^  seeing  his  dcad  body  4 10.  Presso  guittre :    y 
floating  near  the  shore,  flung  herself  upon  compressed.     This  wouJd 
it  in  a  transport  of  her  passion.     Thelis^  more  clear  and  shrill. 
out  of  compassion  to  the  lovers,  transform-  416.  Ingenium :   discen 
ed  them  into  the  birds  called  king-fishers :  capaoity.      Major  pruder 
hence  dilectee  Thetidi,     It  is  said  the  sea  is  greater  knowledge  or  fores 
calm  a  certain  number  of  days  about  the  and  order  of  things^  than 
winter  solstice,  that  they  may  more  conve*  passago,  as   it  is  commc 
niently   bring    forch    their   young.     Hence  unintelligible.     To  take /^ 
those  days  were  sometimes  called  Haleyon  governed  by  major^  Dr.  T 
days.  complete  nonsense ;  and  "^ 

400.  Maniplos:  btmdles  of  straw — straw  nion  of  Heyne,  and  Valpy 
in  general.  and  it  is  very  little  better 

403.  J^octua  servans :  the  owl  observing  agent  or  means  by  wl 
the  setting  of  the  sun,  &c.  The  meaning  knowledge  was  obtained 
of  the  exp^ession  seems  to  be  this:  that  ea^y  as  rendered  above. 
aa  the  hooting  of  the  owl  in  general  is  a  ntm  prudentia^  qua  potenJti 
•ign  of  foul  weather,  yet  when  these  signs  is  with  ditficulty  undersUM 
of  fair  weathor  occur,  she  hoots  in  vain ,  417.  Mobilishumor:  tlv 
■he  will  be  disrogardod ;  or,  if  any  regard  heavcn.  Vias  is  here  \m 
her  prognostics,  they  will  find  themselves  modus^  or  qualitates,  Tem 
disappointed.  The  owl  is  the  only  bird  ther — temperature  of  the. 
that  sings  exclusively  in  the  night ;  hence,  418.  Jupiter  humidus:  i 
teros  eantus  exercel.  by  the  south  winds.     Jxm 

404.  Kisiu:  the  falcon,  or  hawk.  ScyUa:  poetically  for  the  air;  wh 
the  lark.  SeeEcI.  vi.  74;  also  nom.  prop.  the  sea  that  lay  to  the  m 
nnder  J^uv^,  came  moist,  or  impregnata 

405.  Scylla  dat  peenas^  Scylla  ia  punished  420.  Motus :  motions-Hi 


GEORGICA.     LIB.  I. 


70 


CoDcipiiint :  hinc  ille  avium  concentus  in  agm, 
Et  Jetie  pecudes,  et  ovantes  gutture  corvi. 

Si  weii  Solem  ad  rapidum  Lunasque  sequentes 
Ordine  respicies  i  nunquam  te  crastina  fallef 
Hoft,  neque  insidiis  noctis  capiere  serens. 
Looa,  revertentes  cum  primum  colligit  ignes, 
S  nigniin  obscuro  eomprenderit  aera  comu  ; 
lliziinus  agricolis  pelagoque  parabitur  imber. 
At,  si  virgineum  sufiuderit  ore  ruborem, 
Veotiis  erit :  vento  semper  rubet  aurea  Phcebe. 
Sn  ortu  in  quarto  (namque  is  certissimus  auctor) 
Pm,  neque  obtiuis  per  ccelum  comibus  ibit ; 
Totos  et  Ule  dies,  et  qui  nascentur  ab  illo 
Bnctum  ad  mensem,  pluvii  ventisque  carebunt : 
Tottque  servati  solvent  in  litore  naut» 
Gkoco,  et  Panopeae,  et  Inoo  Melicerts. 
Sol  quoque,  et  exoriens,  et  cdm  se  condit  in  undas, 
Sgna  dabit :  Solem  certissima  signa  sequuntur, 
Et  quae  mane  refert,  et  quie  surgentibus  astris. 
IBe  ubi  nascentem  maculis  variaverit  ortum, 
Conditus  in  nubem  medioque  refugerit  orbe  ; 
Svpecti  tibi  sint  imbres :  namque  urget  ab  alto 

NOTE8. 


aliofl  inottifl,«lnufiealiM 
dum 

422.  Hinc  oriiur  ille 
ooncentiui  avium  inagris, 
^*^  ot  hine  pecudes  tunt 


430 


432.  Sin  iUafuerii  pu- 
ra  in  quarto  ortu,  neqiM 
ibit  per  cflBlum 


435 


4S6.  Bervati  ^  tempo' 
tale 


440      440.    Et   quiB.  lefert 
mand,  et  quie  refert 


415.  Ortutina  h^ra :  rimplj,  to-morrow. 

487.  CoQigii  recertentet  igjiet:  when  first 

ftc  ffloon  ccllecti  the  reflected,  or  retuming 

nji»  (^fnet ;)  if  sheembrace,&c.  Thepoet 

m  mentions    three    prognoatics    of   the 

«either  from  the  moon.      1.  If  the  ncw 

Moa  be  obecured  by  duskj  air,   {nigrum 

icra,)  look  for  rain.    2.  If  she  be  red,  look 

ftr  wind.    3.  If,  on  the  fourth  day,  sbe  be 

higkt,  expect  the  Yemainder  of  the  month 

le  be  fair  woather ;  whence   the  common 

■vinf :  paUida  Lunapluit;  rubieundaflat ; 

MM  terenatm 

432.  Auetor:  dini — prognoitic. 

437.  Gttttito.     Ulaucus  waa  a  fishorman 

if  iSnihedon^  in  Beotia,  bj  eonie  said  to 

kive  been  the  eon  of  Neptune  and  the  n jmph 

"         Ae  he  was  fiahing,  he  obscrved  tho 

that  he  canght,  aa  he  laid  them  on  the 

to  receive  freeh  vigor,  and  immedi- 

Mdj  to  cscape  fixmi  him  bj  leaping  into 

Ae  Ma.     From  thia  drcumfltance,  ho  ima- 

there  must  be   some  extraordinary 

in  the  graas ;  whereupon  he  tasted  it, 

nd  feiind  hiriiself  suddenly  moved  with  a 

Mre  to  iive  in  the  watery  elemcnt ;   and 

Isaping  ioto  the  sea,  he  was  made  a  sea-god 

ki  GciMiittf  and  TWAff.  Panopeet.:  anjmph 

■  the  sea,  tho  daugfater  of  Jfereus  and  Do- 

sie,    MeiieerUt,    Melicartai  or   Melicertes, 

*as  tbe  son  bf  /ao,  the  daughter  of  Cad- 

■M,  aud  wife  of  AiKamoM^  king  of  Thebes ; 

«h»  fleeing  from   her  husband,  who    had 

riMB  ber  son  Learehut^  leaped  into  the  8oa 

vilh  Melieerta  in  her  arms,  both  of  whoin 

«sn  chanfed  into  eea-goda»  and  worship- 

•etf     Inee :  an  adj.  from  /no,  agreeing-  wi  tb 


Melieerta.    Melicertes  was  sometimes  called 
Palamon.    See  iEn.  v.  823. 

440.  Attrit  surgeniibut.  When  the  stars 
appear  in  the  evening  at  the  approach  of 
darkness,  in  the  language  of  poctrj,  thej 
are  said  to  rise  :  so  wlicii  thej  disuppear  at 
the  approach  of  daj,  thcj  are  said  to  set. 

442.  Medio  refugerit  orbe.  Most  commen- 
tators  take  orbit  here  for  the  facc  or  disc  of 
tho  sun ;  and  understand  bj  the  words  me- 
dio  refugerit  orbe^  when  he  shall  diRappcar 
witlf  half  his  orb  or  disc.  the  other  balf  re* 
maining  visible.  Rusus  sajs  :  latuerit  m«- 
dia  tui  parle.  Valpj  sajs,  **  Whon  the  ri- 
sing  sun  appears  bordered  bj  clouds,  the 
centre  alono  remaining  visibio.**  Davidson 
translates  the  whole  passago  thus :  **  Whcn 
he  (the  sun)  shall  chequer  his  new-bom  face 
with  spots,  hidden  in  a  cloud,  and  cojlj 
shun  the  sight  with  half  his  orb."  Serviut 
seems  to  understand  the  words  to  implj  that 
the  centre  of  the  sun  retired,  as  it  were. 
from  view,  bj  appearing  hollow  like  the  ca- 
vitj  of  the  hand,  while  the  edge  was  con* 
cealed  in  a  cloud.  I  know  not  that  philo- 
sophers  have  noticed  anj  such  appearances 
of  the  sun ;  I  am  sure  thej  must  be  verj 
rare.  Bosides,  this  half  conccalment  of  tlie 
sun  does  not  como  up  to  the  obvious  nican- 
ing  of  condilut  in  nubenL,  which  certainlj 
means  that  he  was  whoUj  conccalcd  from 
sight.  Bj  taking  medio  orbe^  for,  in  Ihe  mid' 
dle  ofhis  course^  or  diumal  rcvolution,  wliioh 
may  verj  well  be  donc,  thc  passagc  w  iil  \m 
rcndcrcd  intclligible  and  caKj.  Thus :  whon 
the  sun,  in  his  ascent  above  Ihe  \\oivlqx^ 
shaii  have  passed  beUind  Ae«c^  G\o\i^»aii4 


W  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Aboribusque  satisque  Notus,  pecorique  m 

Aut  ubi  sub  lucem  densa  inter  nubila  sese 

Diversi  erumpent  radii,  aut  ubi  pallida  sui 

Tithoni  croceum  linquens  Aurora  cubile  ; 

Heu,  male  tum  mites  defendet  pampinuB  v 

Tam  multa  in  tectis  crepitans  salit  horridi 

4oO.  Magis  profiierit  Hoc,  etiam  emenso  cum  jam  decedet  Oly 

memiiiisse    hoc,   etiam  Profuerit  meminisse  magis  :  nam  siepe  vii 

cum  jam   sol  decedet,  ipgjug  yj  ^„1^^  varios  errare  colores. 

iSrCcBTureus  9ol       CoBruleus  pluviam  denunciat,  igneus  Eurc 

Sin  maculse  incipient  nitilo  immiscerier  ig 
Omnia  tunc  pariter  vento  nimbisque  vide) 
Fervere.  Non  ill^  quisquam  me  nocte  p« 
Ire,  neque  a  terra  moneat  convellere  func 

458.  At  si  orbifl  solis  At  si,  cum  referetque  diem,  condetque  rei 
erit  lucidua,  cum  Lucidus  orbis  erit,  frustra  terrebere  nimbj 

Et  claro  sylvas  cemes  Aquilone  moveri. 

461.  Denique  Sol  da-      Denique,  quid  Vesper  serus  vehat,  und 
bit  «igna  tibi,  quid  flenis  Ventus  affat  nubes,  quid  cogitet  humidus 
'•■P*''  Sol  tibi  signa  dabit :  Solem  quis  dicere  & 

Audeat  ?  ille  etiam  csecos  instare  tumultv 
SsBpe  monet,  fraudemque,  et  operta  tume 
Ille  etiam  extincto  miseratus  Csesare  Roi 
Cum  caput  obscuri  nitidum  ferrugine  tei 
Impiaque  seternam  timuerunt  ssBcula  nod 
Tempore  quanquam  illo  tellus  quoque,  et 
Obscoenique  canes,  importunaeque  volucr 
Signa  dabant.  Quoties  Cyclopum  efierv 
Vidimus  undantem  ruptis  fomacibus  i£tn 
Flammammque  globos,  liquefactaque  vol 
Armomm  sonitum  toto  Germania  coelo 
Audiit ;  insohtis  tremuerunt  motibus  Alp 

NOTES. 

be  sometimes  concealed  by  them  from  sight;  470.  Obscomi  eants:  f< 

and  when  he  shall  have  approached  the  me-  bad  omen — howling  friffl 

ridian,  and  finished  half  his  course,  he  shall  cients  considered  any  thu 

be  wholly  concealed  from  sight  by  the  in-  auspicious.  Importunat :  h 

creased  and  condensed  vapor  in  the  atmos-  cantus  erat  mali  ominis. 

phero,  then  rain  is  to  be  ezpected.     Imbres :  471.  Quoties  vidimus : 

tn  tho  scnse  of  pluvia,  seen  Ji^tna  risingin  wavei 

444.  Sinister :  injurionfl — hurtful.  bur8t,&c.  Undantem^exp: 

A52.  Jn  irultu :  in  the  sense  ofper  vultum,  the   violence  and  agitati 

454.  Immiscerier :  by  Paragogo,  for  tm-  pent  up  in  the  mountai] 

misceri^  to  be  mingled  with  sparkling  light.  against  its  sides,  which, 

[gni :  htmine^  says  Rusus.  resist  the  shock,  open  a 

456.    Fervere,      This   verb    forcibly  ex-  an  instant,  it  covers  the 

presses  the  violence  of  the  storm.   AII  things  with  lava.    The  Cyclops 

are  confusion  and  wild  disorder.     TStrbari^  of  Vulcan,  and  said  to  be 

says  RufBus.                                       -  and  Terra,    They  were  a 

462.  Cogitet :  in  the  sense  of  praparet.  having  but  one  eye,  whi( 
Serenas :  in  the  sense  of  sieeas,  dle  of  their  forehcad.     1 

467.  Obseura  ferrugine :  with  a  dark  red  to  assist  Vulcan  in  formin 
color — a  color  resembling  blood.  of  Jupiter,  and  the  arm 

468.  Scecula,  Sieculum  is  properly  an  celebrated  heroes.  Theii 
■ge;  by  meton.  the  inhabitants  or  men  of  JEtna.  The  most  not 
that  age.  Impta  sacula  -  the  same  as  tm-  Brontes^  Steropes^  and  j 
tii  kommes,  Ulysses  viaited  Sicily,  F 


GHOaOiCA.     IJB.  1.  fii 

\ue  per  !ucoa  vulgd  exaudita  silentes 

et  simulacra  uiocJiis  pallentia  iniriA 

obscuruffl  noctis    pecudesque  locutiB, 

I !  sistunt  amnes,  terreque  dehiscunt : 

tin  Lllacrymat  templis  ebur,  seraque  sudant. 

sano  contorquens  vortice  sylvas  481     481.  Eridanus  pr6liiit 

a  rex  Eridanus,  camposque  per  omnea  sjrlvi»,  contorqueni  ta» 

ulis  armenta  lulit :  nec  tempore  eodem  inBano. 

aut  extis  fibrtB  apparere  minaces,  484.  Fibre  nec  eeua- 

s  manare  cruor  cessavit ;  et  alte  486  ^^^^  *"'  mpparere  rai. 

m  resonare,  lupis  ululantibus,  urbes.  °ir!«^,^.'Ji«"  f**"'' 

,  •1^1  *ut  cruor  cesMvit  ma- 

CCBIO  ceciderunt  plura  sereno  nare  i  puteis;  et  urbee 

nec  diri  tbties  arsere  cometae.  non  eeMtaveruni  retonare 

r  seee  paribus  concurrere  telis  i^t^  P«r  nocteiu^  lupi< 

acies  iterum  vid^re  Philippi ;  490  ululantibu^ 
ndignum  Superis,  bis  sanguine  nostro  491.  Nec  vuimm  f\iit 

1  et  latoB  Hsmi  pinguescere  campos. 

NOTES. 

their  ktng.    Diodorue  informs  us  battlee,  one  fought  between  Cesar  and  Pom^ 

f elope  were  the  first  inhabitanta  pej ;  the  other,  between  Brutue  and  Can- 

of  a  gigantic  stature,  and  of  a  siue  on  one  side,  and  Augustus  and  Antho. 

savage   nature.      They    dwelt  nj  on  the  other.     But  history  inforras  us 

(Qt  mount  JStna.  that  the  former  wae  fouflrht  on  the  plains  of 

miaera:  ■pactres,  or  ghoeta,  pale  PhartcUia^  in  Thetsalj,  the  latter  at  Philip^ 

$rful  manner,  were  eeen,  4ec.  •  d»,  in  the  confines  of  Thrace,  more  than  two 

Kuntm:  an  adj.  of  theneu.  taken  nundred  milee  distant.    To  ezplain  this  ap- 

I  the  eenee  of  obKuritatem,    Ru-  parent  inconsistency,  there  have  been  raanj 

nets  it  bj  erep%ue%dum,  attempts.    The  most  probable  solution  is, 

etftcni  ebur:   the  moumful  ivory  that  the  poet  does  not  mean  that  both  these 

aes)  wepU   JEra:  brass    statues  battlee  were  fought  on  the  same  spot.    This 

aas.  would  contradict  history.    He   would  not 

ctnovorUee:  with  its  rapid  eurrent  commit  such  a  blunder.    We  are  told  that 

the  city   TTuba  TheuaHeit^  or  Phlhotitir^ 

idanue:  the  river  Po.    It  is  here  n^hich  was  in  sight  of  Pharsaiia,  was  called 

kingof  rivers^because  the  largest  also  Philippu    And  though  historians,  for 

[t  rise%in  Piedmont,  and  running  sake  of  distinction,  called  the  one  Philippi^ 

'  couree,  after  receiving  a  number  anif  the  other  Phartalia^  the  poet  might, 

rj  streams,   falls  into  the  Gulf  without  anj  improprietv,  call  them  both  bj 

>j  several  mouths.  the   common  name  of  PhUippi.    Rueus 

'Mibut  txti».     One  mode  of  con-  has  one  conjecture  which  maj  be  deserving 

omens,  was  an  ezaraination  of  of  notice :  that  the  adverb  iteritm  maj  re- 

i^f  the  victim.     If  anj  defect  or  fer,  not  to  Philippi,  but  to  the  Roman  ar* 

appeared,  it  was  thought  to  be  mies :    PkUippi   saw    the    Roman   armics 

TrtMtibut :    ominous— baleful.  again  engage  for  the  empire  of  ihe  world. 

l,    Hejne  reads  oZ/o,  agreeing  though  not  for  the  first  time.     Thej  had 

eng^ged  for  a  similar  purpose  before  on  the 

neta.    Plutarch  informs  us  that  a  plains  of  Pharsalia.     Thb  appears  to  solve 

t  eomet  appeared  at  Rome  for  the  difficultj. 

j9  about  the  time  of   Cesar^s  492.     Emathiam — Laiot   eampot    Htimt, 

» tlus  the  poet  refers  in  Ecl.  iz.47.  Here  is  an  apparent  difficultj.     Ilsmus  is 

sajs:    XAii/if,  quot  primo  eonte"  a  mountain  in  Thrace;  and  neither  of  the 

reMAuguttut  edebat^  tteUa  eriniia  battles  was  fought  in  Emaihia  or  Maeedo* 

Het  eoniinuotfuitiij  exorient  eirea  nto,  properlj  so  called.    But  the  language 

horam :  erediiumque  ett  animum  of  poetiy  does  not  alwajs  conform  to  his. 

t  tn  emlum  reeeptu  torical  or  geographical  ezactness.     We  are 

^ :  therefore-— <m  account  of  the  told  that  the  ancient  Emaihia  was  consi- 

Bsar,  which  was  the  cause  of  the  dered  bj  the  poets  to  eztend  as  far  east  as 

the  river  Neesus,  including  a  considerable 

'J^fpi  iierum:  Philippi  hath  seen  part  of  Thrace  bejond  Phiiippi;  aad  to 

armies  again,  iic,    It  is  agreed  the  south  comprehending  all  Thessalj,  and 

here  alludee  to  tha  two  famous  consequentlj  PhartaUa^  or  the  PhaxnJyAA 

7 


P.  VJRGILIJ  MARONIS 

Scilicet  et  tempus  veniet,  cum  finibaa  iltii 
Agricola,  incunro  terram  molitus  aratro, 
Exesa  iiiveniet  scabri  rubigine  pila : 
Aut  ^ravibus  rastris  galeas  pulsabit  inanai 
Grandiaque  efibssis  mirabitur  ossa  sepulcb 
Dii  patrii  Ind^etes,  et  Romule,  Vestaqi 
Qus  Tuscum  Tiberim  et  Romana  palatia 
Hunc  saltem  everso  juvenem  succurrere  ■ 
Ne  prohibete :  satis  jampridem  sanguine  i 
LaomedontesB  luimus  peijuria  Trojie. 
Jampridem  nobis  coeli  te  regia,  Caesar, 
Invidet,  atque  hominum  queritur  curare  ti 

A05  9unt  tot  bella      Quippe  ubi  fas  versum  atque  nelas,  tot  be) 

Tam  multae  sceierum  facies :  non  ullus  ar 

607.  Colonis  abdoctii  Dignus  honos ;  squalent  abductis  arva  col 
«f  maliHam  £t  curvae  rigidum  falces  conflantur  in  eo» 

NOTES. 

Philippi.  T&ken  in  this  extent,  the  poet  c&um  thej  had  been  men, 
*would  be  coniistent.  Emathia  could  be  earih:  or  because  they  wc 
wet  twice  with  Roraan  blood.  Again  Hob-  among  the  gode.  Othen  a 
mus  is  not  so  much  a  ringle  mountain  as  a  with  morepropriety,derivfl 
range  of  mountains,  branching  out  in  va-  because  being  translated 
rious  directions,  and  in  various  parta  assu-  stood  in  need  of  nothin 
ming  difTerent  namee.  Caeting  our  eje  on  There  were  two  by  Uie  nm 
a  map  of  that  country,  we  find  the  ran^  the  mother  of  Satum,  the 
oommencing  at  the  Euzine  eea,  and  taking    ter;    but  commonly  conf 

a  Bouth-westerly  direction  till  it  enters  Ma-*  The  latter  presided  over  f 

eedonia,  then  tuming  northerly  till  it  reachee  It  is  said  that  iEne^  brotli 

the  43P  of  N.  lat.  wnen  it  takes  a  southem  his  household  gods  into  It 

direction,  pawing  into  Thessaly ;  and  con-  ced  her  worship.    Her  myi 

lequently  ita  eztensive    plaine    might    be  mitted  to  the  Albans,  and 

fattened  by  the  blood,  ■hed  in  both  those  duced  among  the  Romaz 

battlos.  instituted  a  college  of  y 

494.    Molitut:  in  the  aense  of  vertent.  aliye  the  perpetual  fire 

Scabra:  in  the  Bense  of  corrota,  paUndiwn  of  the  state. 

498.  Dii  patrii^  Indigeles.     The  Romans         500.  Hunc  Juvenem:  m 

divided  their^deities  into  three  classes.    The  aflerward  called  Augustv 

first  embraced  the  supreme  or  select  gods,  sceeh :  the  ruined  or  fallin 
who  were  honored  with  the  highest  ado-         50:2.   Satis  luimui  jam^ 

ration,  and  considered  eminent  above  the  long  ago  atoned  sufficient 

rest.  Of  these,  tweive  were  callcd  Consentes^  of  Trojan  Laomedon,  wit 

because  on  particular  occasions  thcy  were  omedon  was  tho  father  ol 

admitted  to  the  council  of  Jupiter.     Six  of  of  Troy.     During  his  rei 

theee  were  male  and  six  female :  JupUer^  us,  the  walle  of  Troy  wen 

JtpoUo^  Mercury^  Mars^  ^eptune^  and  ViU'  and  Apollo,  for  a  certain 

ta»i :  Juno^  Dtana^  Minerva^  yenus^  Vesta,  the  work  was  done,  he  rel 

and  Ceres.    These  were  sometimcs  callcd  On  which  account,  they  ) 

Dii  Majores,    Tho  second  class  comprc-  the  Trojans,  and  exerted 

hended  those  of  inferior  power,  and   was  against  them  in  the  war 

very  numerous.     It  embraced  all  the  deified  The  Romans,  pretending 

heroei,  such  ae  Romulus^  Hercules^  Perseus^  tliem,  tho  poet  supposes  \ 

icc.   and  all  that  in  any  manncr  had  ob-  this  injustice  of  thcir  anc 

tained  divine  honors.     These  were  *8ome-  perhaps,  may  be  explair 

times  called  the  Dtt  Jtftnor».  Thethirdclass  Laomedon  to  have  empl 

waa  without  number.     It  embraccd  all  tlie  which  had  been  designed 

evlvan  doities:  all  the  nymphs;  the  penatcs;  poses,  to  this  use. 
taefonii;  Uie  virtutes,  &c.     Indigetes :  pro-        505.  Ubi:  where~(thi 

deified  heroes.    Some  derive  the  word  men.     Fas  atque  nefas  vt 

imdigetart^  to  call  by  name;  bccauso  wrong  are  confounded. 
eo^omary  lo  address  them  by  thcir        507.  Squalent:  lie  neg 

Olhnn  derive  it  from  def^ere^  be-  grown  with  wecds. 


G£0R6ICA.    UB.  I.  89 

Vboc  movet  Euphntes,  illinc  Germaiiia  belluin : 
VidmB  ruptis  inter  ae  legibus  urbes  610 

Anna  ferunt :  Bcvit  toto  Mars  impius  orbe 
Ut,  cum  carceribus  sese  efTuci^re  quadrigfls, 
Addunt  se  in  spatia :  et  frustra  retinacula  tendons, 
Fertur  eqaia  auriga,  neque  audit  currus  habenaa 

NOTES. 

509.  fi^pAralei.    A  noble  river  of  Aria,  ed  together ;  alio,  a  ch&riot  drawn  by  four 

riring  in  tke  mountams  of  Armenia,  fertili-  horaes,  by  meton.    Of  ^uaiuor  and  a^o,bo-> 

nng  Mu^^otamia^  as  the  Nile  doee  Egypt,  cauee  four  were  driven  together  :  or  con- 

and  nniting  with  the  Tigrie  in  ita  coune,  tracted  of  Qtiiu{rt;ugta,fouryokedtogether. 

falle  into  the  Persian  gul£    It  is  here  put,  Careerihut,  Carcerwa8themark,or8taxting 

hj  a  fignre  of  epeech,  for  the  nations  of  the  place,  in  racee.     Spatia :  the  race  grounc^ 

•asti  particolarly  the  Parthians,  who  were  or  course.     Effudlrt,    Rucus  says,  erupt- 

yvtj  troubleeome  to  the  Romani.  ruirU. 

6iaLv^-»nthe8eoeeof/«<iertAi«.  ^y,  Heyne.    Some  copiee  leave  out  the  if. 

^]}'   TtJf '  «"•^— ™"^®" »  *  8UiUble  othere  read  tn  tpatxo.    Rueua,  in  his  inter- 

•^thet  of  Mar».  pretation,  omits  the  words  adduni  «c,  and 

61S.  m^  e%tm  quadrigtB,    This  ie  a  noble  connecta  tn  tpatia  with  the  preceding  yerb. 

flmile.    Tho  nncontroUed  licentiousness  of  Thej  are  not  necessary  to  make  the  senne 

Um  age  le  likened  to  the  rapidity  and  vio*  complete. 

Iniee  of  ongoremable  horeee  in  the  chariot        514.  Currw:   a  chariot :  by  meton.  the 

raee,  wben  they  mock  both  the  driver  and  horeee  in  the  chariot.    J^tque  audil  habt, 

the  zmam,    ^^tladfigtt:  fourhorBes  hamess-  nat:  nor  do  they  regard,  or  obey  the  reimi. 

QUESTIONS. 

How  doee  thie  hook  open?  What  precepte  doee  the  poet  give  aboot 

What  doee  the  poet  prooeed  to  do  ?  ploughing  land  ? 

What  doee  he  do  in  the  next  place  ?  What  doee  he  give  about  planting,  and 

To  whom  doee  he  ascribe  the  origin  of   chans^ing  crope  ? 

Who  waa  Jupiter  ? 


What  signs  or  prognottice  of  the  weather  To  whom  wae  his  education  intrueted  f 

he  mention  ?  Where  was  he  educated '  . 

How  doee  he  conclude  the  book  ?  What  are  eomo  of  his  names? 

Are  there  any  fables  introdnced  by  way  of  Who  were  the  Gianta  ?  and  what  ia  laid 

e^sode  ?    What  are  they  ?  of  them  ? 

Why  are  Bacchue  and  Ceree  invoked  nezt  What  are  the  Pleiadee  ? 

after  the  heavenly  bodies  ?  What  other  names  have  they  ? 

Who  wae  Neptune  ?  and  what  ie  said  of  What  are  the  Hyades  ? 

him  ?  What  are  their  names  ? 

Who  is  8aid  to  have  been  the  first  who  Who  waa  Aurora  ? 

taaght  mankind  the  propagation  of  beee?  What  ie  said  of  her? 

Wlio  wae  AristsuB  ?  What  were  the  Furiee? 

Who  waa  Blinerva  ?  and  what  ie  eaid  of  What  were  their  namee  ? 

iMr?                                ^  What  waa  their  office  ? 

What  power  did  she  poBsess  ?  Who  waa  Vulcan  ?    What  ie  eaid  of  him  f 

How  ie  ahe  repreeented  under  her  different  What  were  some  of  hie  names  ? 

i  ?  W))at  is  the  word  FiUeanut  oflen  nsed  fo  r? 


What  celebrated  etat^e  had  she  f  By  what  figure  is  it  eo  uaed  ? 

What  are  eome  of  her  names  ?  Who  were  the  Cyclope  ? 

Who  ie  said  to  have  first  taught  the  Where  doee  the  poet  repreeent  them  as 

O^eeke  agriculture  ?  reeid  ing  ? 

What  la  probably  meant  by  Uttima  Thule  f  Why  are  they  called  Cyetapt ' 

Wee  the  Ediptic  at  firet  divided  into  12  Who  was  Mcrcury  ? 

fifiMi  ?    How  was  it  divided  ?  What  is  said  of  him  ? 

wheie  were  the  Olympic  ramee  celebra-  What  was  hiji  office  ? 

lii?    fai  what  year  before  Chriet  werethey  How  is  he  rcpreeented? 

■■■ritntfd?  Of  what  was  he  tlie  inveBtorl 

Bbw  f  ften  were  they  celebrated '  and  in  What  were  6ome  of  his  nameet 

of  what  god'  Who  waaGIaucus ?  What  is  eaidof  hlml 


«4  P.  VlRGILn  MARONIS 

Into  how  manj  classes  were  the  Romin        Were  they  lU}  uvmmmf 
dntioe  divided  ?    Of  theee,  how  many  wero        Who  were  the /Mi^elst/ 
«iHed  Coruentes?  From  what  is  the  word  pnMbltj  diriiiil 

Wh 7  were  thej  so  calle^  ?  Who  was  Veeta  ? 

What  were  their  names  ?  How  manj  were  thm  of  thaf  mM  f 

What  were  theee  eometimes  oalied  ?  What  was  her  offiee  f 

What  did  the  second  class  oontain  ?  Who  introdiioed  hv  wonUp  iHlo  haigf 

What  wore  these  eometimes  called  ?  By  whom  were  her  mjsteiiee  iBtrodMid 

What  did  the  third  clan  contain  ?  among  the  Romane? 


lilBER  SECUNDUS. 

Thb  robject  of  this  book  is  the  cultivation  of  the  eeTeral  kinde  of  trees.  Tho  potl  le- 
ocribes  with  mnch  judgment  the  soils  proper  for  each:  and  after  giTinff  a  Tuietj  «f  ti> 
cellent  precepts  for  the  management  of  the  vine,  the  olive,  iic  he  digfSiBSS  inlo  tkt 
praises  of  Italj ;  and  conclades  with  a  panegjric  upon  a  coontrj  life. 

1.   Hactenns    eeeini      HACTENUS  arvorum  cultus,  et  sidera  caefi : 
^^^  Nunc  te,  Bacche,  canam,  necnon  ajlvestria  tecuBi 

Virgulta,  et  prolem  tarde  crescentis  olmB. 
Huc,  pater  6  LenaBe :  tuis  hic  omnia  plena 
Muneribus ;  tibi  pampineo  grayidus  autumno  5 

Floret  ager,  spumat  plenia  vindemia  labiia. 
Huc,  pater  6  Lensee,  veni :  nudataque  muato 
8.  Tingeqae  mecum  Tinge  novo  mecum  direptis  crura  cothuniiB. 
iradatjii  crura  ^^^^^      Principio  arboribus  varia  est  natura  creandiB. 
to^  co   umis    rep    .     Nnnjque  aliae,  nullis  hominum    cogentibus,  ipm  *0 

Sponte  sul  veniunt,  campoeque  et  flumina  latd 
Curva  tenent :  ut  molle  siler,  lentaeque  genistei 
Populus,  et  glauci  canentia  fronde  salicta. 

unanemo^ru,^'?^  W  ^*"  *»^^™  P<>«^^^  «^^"^  ^?  «^™^ '  ."*  4?  ^ 

det  Jovi,  atqae  queroos,  CastanefB,  nemorumque  Jovi  quae  maxnna  frondet       16 

qwB  habit»  ntnt  iEsculus,  atque  habitae  Graiis  oracubt  quercua. 

NOTES. 

t,  ^eenon:   also.    Two  negatives  have  saidtoripen.   Pampineo  auimmu :  thopff»> 

the  force  of  an  affirmative  in  Latin  and  dace  of  the  vine-Hmipes. 

Engliih.  9.  Cothumi»,    ThecothumaswmsaUBl 

3.    VirguUa:    shrubs,    or    nnderbrash;  of  high-heeled  shoe,  wom  bj  Baochi».  !•- 

here  put  for  trees  in  general.     Tardi  ere^  ference  is  here  made  to  the  castom  of  trssd 

9eenti»  oliveR.    The  olive  is  of  a  verj  slow  '^8  0"t  the  grapes  with  their  feet.    Tho  co- 

growth.    Some  saj  it  is  a  hundred  jears  in  thumas  was  osed  bj  tragedians  ta  mskt 

growing.  them  appear  taller;  hence  put  fortrafsdf 

4.Zm«€:Len«us,anameofBacchas,  |t»e{f--al«>  for  the  tragie  stjlo.    Jfmium: 

from  a  Greek  word  signifying  a  vine-press^  "*  f^*  1^?"«  ^^  '^'  ^*^  "«^lf  •  .,,         -. 

4dni,istobesuppUe4orsoiewordofthe  }^  ^«ler;  an  osier,or  smatt  withy.    G#> 

sameimport.  nute:    the  broom.     Pomauf  .•   tbe  pophr 

tree,  of  which  there  are  three  kinde. 

6.  Ager  gravidui :  the  field  heavj  with  13.  Satieta:  wiliow-grounds ;  bj  nsilia, 

the  prodnce  of  the  vine.    Jlutumno :   the  the  willows. 

season  for  flrathering  ffrapes  and  other  pro-  16.  JEuuhu:  a  species  of  oak,  wmeni  ta 

ductions  of  the  eaLirthf  put,  bj  meton.  for  Jupiter.    The«£jriilii«wasamast^troe,aai 

the  grapes  themselves.  Floret:  in  the  sense  abounded  in  Dodona^  in  Epirus,  wheivthffe 

of  matureieU,    The  fields  do  not  bloom  in  were  oaks  said  to  have  giveii  oat  «imIvi 

autamn.  bat  with  proprietj  thej  maj  be  to  which  here  is  an  allusioB* 


duetmdi  arbores  :  tn  hii 
viit. 


GEO&GICA.    UB.  ii  M 

PuUulat  ab  ndice  aliis  densiBsiina  sylva : 

Ut  cerasis,  ulmisque :  etiam  Pamassia  launis 

Vaira  sub  ingenti  matris  se  subjicit  umbri. 

Ho0  natura  modos  primum  dedit :  his  genus  omne       20     20.  Natun   prlinon 

STlvarum.  fruticumque  viret,  nemorumque  sacrorum.        dedithoi/rwmodoaw^ 

Sunt  aiii,  quos  ipse  yiaLsibi  reppent  usus. 
ffic  plantas  tenero  abscindens  de  corpore  matrum 
Deposuit  sulcis :  hic  stirpes  obruit  arvo, 
Quadrifidasque  sudes,  et  acuto  robore  vallos :  25 

Syivarumque  alis  pressos  propaginis  arcus 
Ezpectant,  et  viva  su&  plantaria  terrl. 

Nil  radicis  egent  aliae :  summumque  putator 
Haud  dubitat  terne  referens  mandare  cucumen. 
Quin  et  caudicibus  sectis,  mirabile  dictu,  30 

Truditur  e  sicco  radix  oleagina  ligno. 
£l  sspe  alterius  ramos  impune  videmus 
Vertere  in  alterius,  mutatamque  insita  mala 
Ferre  pyrum,  et  prunis  lapidosa  rubescere  coma. 
Quare  agite,  6,  proprios  generatim  discite  cultus,        35 
Agricol»,  fructusque  feros  moilite  colendo. 
Neu  segnes  jaceant  terne :  juvat  Ismara  Baccho 
Conserere,  atque  olei  magnum  vestire  Tabumum. 

NOTES. 

17.  Syha:  here  meani  the  Backers,  that  took  root,  firm  enough  to  support  itself ;  uid 

■hoot  up  under,  and  near  the  trunk  of  the  wfts  then  Bevered  from  it.    This  was  about  ^ 

parent  tree.  the  third  year.    Arcm :  the  arches,  or  cur- 

18^  Cerati» :  to  the  clierry-treee.  XfOunif.  ved  figures  of  the  layers,  or  branchcs  so  bent 

This  tree  ia  cailed  Pamastian^  becaufte  it  down. 

abounded  on  mount  Pamauus.    It  was  ea-  27.  Ktva  plantaria :  living  shoots  to  b« 

cred  to  Apollo.  put  in  their  own  earth — ^not  cut  oflT  as  in 

19.  Subiieii  $e  :  shoota  ittelf  up.  pther  casee,  but  auffered  to  grrow  to  the  pa- 

21.  SjfivaruM  /ruHeumqtu:  trees  and  rent  tree  foratime.  Defoditor  a  word  of 
■hrabe.  the  like  import,  is  understood. 

22.  Ftd  .*  by  practice,  or  ezperience.  29.  Rtfereru  mandttre :  to  commit  the  top- 
Suni  alU:  there  are  other  methods  of  pro-  most  shoot  to  tbe  earth  whence  it  sprang. 
ducing  treea,  which,  Sui,  The  poet  proceede  Sitmmum  eaewnen :  the  highest  shoot,  or 
to  enomerate  the  methods  of  raising  the  se-  branch.  Re/eren*  mandare,  simply  for  man^ 
veral  kinds  of  trees,  which  he  reduces  to  dare^  says  Heyne. 

seven.     1.  By  planting  the  shoot  or  scion.  30.  Caudieilnu :  Caudex,  is  properly  the 

t.  By  bniying  the  stump  or  stock  in  Ute  body  of  the  tree  distinguishod  from  the  root, 

eartli.    3.  By  bnrying  the  stake  or  trunk  as  iruneut  is  the  body  distinguished  from 

split  at  the  bottom.    4.  By  the  layer.    5.  the  top  or  head. 

By  planting  in  the  earth  a  bough  or  twig  32.  Imjnmi  :  without  injury.    Mertus  ; 

taken  ftom  the  top  of  the  tree.     6.  By  in  the  senM  of  tmttM.    Arborit  is  under- 

pinnting  the  trunk  or  stalk  of  the  tree,  de-  stood. 

privod  of  its  root  and  branches.    This  suo-  33.  Vtriert :  Ibr  vait,  tne  active  for  the 

ceeds  very  well  with  the  olive-tree.    7.  By  passive,  by  enallage:  or,  veritrt  se  in  ramos 

grafting  or  transferring  a  branch  or  scion  of  alieriu»  arbariM, 

one  tree  into  another.  34.  Coma  lapidosa :    tlie  comeil  trees, 

23.  PlarUas:  the  shoots  or  scions  from  which  naturally  produce  astony  hard  fruit, 
the  body  of  the  mother  troe.  by  being  grafled,  will  produce  the  plum — 

S4L  Obruii  siirpes :   another  buries  the  will  reddon  with  plums. 

stocks  in  the  ground,  and  stakes  split  in  four  37.  J^eu  segnes  terrm  jaeeani.    Dr.  Trapp 

parts  at  the  lower  end,  and  poles,  the  wood  renders  these  words :  let  not  your  lands  lie 

being  sharpened  into  a  point  idle.    JVe  iemt  sini  inuiiies^  says  Rueus. 

SB.  AHsB   syharum:    other  trees  of  the  But  the  connexion  is  bctter  preserved   by 

mod— eimply,  other  trees.      Rucus  says,  rendering  it :  let  not  your  barren  lands  lie 

aKb  arhores.    Prtpaginis.  The  propago  was  neglectod  or  unimproved.      Jsmara     neu 

IIm  layer,  or  branch  of  the  parent  tree,  bent  plu.  a  mountain  in  Thrace.     TVi^umiu  :  a 

down  and  &stened  in  the  ground,  until  it  mountain  in  Campania«  fertilo  \x.  -^i**"' 


86  P.  ViRGiUI  11A&ON18 

Tuque  adea,  inceptumque  uni  decurre  Ui 

39.  Taqne,  MaoenM,  O  decus,  6  fion»  mentd  pars  maiiina  noai 

■itei  dttcunoqiM  incep-  MflBcenas,  pehgoque  Yolans  da  Tela  paten 

tam  laboraBi  «mi  Me-  ^on  ego  cuncta  meb  amplecti  TeiBibus  o[ 

■BOT^iMzbii/^^       ^^^  °**^  "  lingu»  centum  smt,  oraque  < 

M  fkmm^"^"^^  Ferrea  vox:  ades,  et  primi  lege  fitoris  on 

41  JSVii  •Mtcai  tm-  In  manibus  ferre :  non  hic  te  c&nnine  fic 

fittH  m^  u  tmt  mihi       Atque  per  ambages  et  k>nga  exorsa  tend) 

47.  Ar^0rts  qjam  tol-      Sponte  sui  que  se  tollunt  in  luminis  av 

kmt  m  sui  iponte  Infcecunda  quidem,  sed  leta  et  fbrtia  suig 

Quippe  solo  natura  subest  Tamen  h»c 
Inserat,  aut  scrobibus  mandet  mutata  sub 
Exuerint  srlTestrem  animtnn :  cultuque  fi 
In  quascunque  roces  artes ;  baud  tarda  s 
SX  £i  tUa  mrUr  qna  Necnon  et  sterifis  quc  stirpibus  ezit  ab  in 
tsit  Mrifi»  Hqq  ^ciet,  ^*acuo8  a  sit  digesta  per  agroi 

Nunc  alt«  firoiides  et  rami  matris  opacanl 

Crescentique  adimimt  fetiB,  uruntque  fei 

Jam,  que  seminibus  jactis  se  su^ufit,  i 

Tarda  Tenit,  seris  fictura  nepotibus  mn^ 

Pomaque  degenerant,  soccos  obfita  prior 

£t  turpes  aribus  pnedam  ieil  tm  racemo 

Scilicet  oamibus  est  labor  impeodendus,  i 

,      i^Bo».  ^*"?*»^  ^  sulctmi,  ac  muhi  mercede  di 

^mdUtti^teSSn  ^  ^'^''  ^^  mKilius.  propagine  Tites 

Tit«  dM  rrop^fwr,  H  R«s!i>oiMknt,  sofido  Paphue  de  robore  my 

nnttti  PlantB  et  dtir»  corrfi  nascimtur,  el  ingei 

NOTESL 


Tbe  ubj«ct  of  tftw  pott  b  to  permade  tbo  5&  Jdjmwni  Jkho :  ai 

&nDef  iiot  to  aeftect  Kio  rof^^ed  an*!  b«R«a  firoit  Srom  it  gTovinf  ap.  a 

bmdik  aiid  foffir  tiiem  to  Ue  ttwlci* :  tor«  br  beahag.    T£f  poct'*  m«a] 

rultttio^  ke  mar  rtnder  tlwm  profitabie  to  thi* :  that  the  «icker.  vhii 

kZm.     He  adduces  tke  caae  ot'  Umanu  and  the  root  of  thc  parent  Vn 

Tah«ratts«  vhicii,  tbo«m;h  natnrallr  ru^:^:vd  and  prodcctire,  if  transf 
u.  had  WcoBe«  br  cuhiration  aiid 


aad  barreo.  had  Wcome^  br  cuhiration  aiid  fioaad.  and  arranged  in  | 

proper  acteatuMu  rucr  pcoiactireu    ^«mU  vhi!e  tt  reoMisa^  £e  lear 

»  hcfc  viii  A?c  the  riae.  the  parent  tree  wtll  oTerd 

3!}L  Oecwre.     Hexo  wo  hare  a  beaatiful  reat  it  crom  Veariag  ^uit  a 

aSe^^rr*  crawa  from  the  aaihaf  ox'  a  ahipL  if  it  shcdd  Sear  ^uii.  xt  w 

The  rerh  Jenaro  sifmiee  t»  sail  beface  thc  ntalL  br  betB^  deprired  < 

wriad — to  sail  wtth  a  piwepefoai  gale.     L**-  taa  aad  pccper  BcurahaM 

leriii  -  the  work  or  CHh.  ris.  the  C^eer jcic«>  3T.  Jjm  :  beie  is   uMf 

vhkh  he  beipn  ai  the  fe^ueit  of  Xvoma.  pei  a>  cr  prmte:  m. 

41.  rWiSMiiJLfa.  Aadftria^.spcvadthe  6LX  C«ii:    :he  gT^:  h 

to  the  opeamf   ma    aftrompaiiT  ow  rtae.     P*«rf»:  as  a  pci 

fit  f.Y  birdsw 

«t  Jh£ta  mertmf'  wil 


S3L  Ouw  'mrmJeru,  M 
raased  cr  prc34jri-«^  bectc 
the  ruxe  :Vvai  *Jxe  '.a.Tvr ; 
the  scLd  w<.>Mi:  ise  3as» 
kr,  sad  the  oojl.  rrtNn  :h 
sbooC 

rf^  F-jpAua  -  Vnos.  ss 
pAaM.  &  ^.tr  ^jf  C*7nm 
par^'u'a.rY  wvrsh:9p««t. 
socte^  V*  ter . 


OEORGICA.    UB.  11.  W 

fttxinus,  Herculeasque  arbos  umbrosa  coron», 

Qiioniique  patris  glandes ;  etiam  ardua  palma 

fhieitur,  et  casus  abiea  visura  marinos. 

hieritur  rerd  ex  foetu  nucis  arbutus  horrida, 

Et  fCeriles  platani  malos  gessere  valentes :  70 

Ciftane»  fiigus,  omusque  incanuit  albo  71.    Fa^    ineaiiiiit 

Rore  pyri  ;  glandemque  sues  freg^re  sub  ulmis.  /^  caatane»,  orauaque 

Nec  modus  inserere  atque  oculos  imponere  simplex      w^««««'  »1^  no»  pyn 
Nam  qua  ae  medio  trudunt  de  cortice  geinmfle, 
Et  tenues  rumpunt  tunicas,  angustus  in  ipso  75 

Fit  nodo  sinus :  huc  alienli  ex  arbore  germen 
beludunt,  udoque  docent  inolescere  libro. 

Aot  rursum  enodes  trunci  resecantur,  et  alte  ;.---,■ 

Rnditur  in  solidum  cuneis  via :  deinde  feraces  ■olidttm  iMgmm 

Plante  immittuntur.     Nec  longum  tempus,  et  ingens 
Ciiit  ad  ccelum  ramis  felicibus  arbos^  81 

Miraturqiie  novas  frondes,  et  non  sua  poma. 

Pncterea  genus  haud  unum^  nec  fortibus  ubnis, 
Nec  salici,  lotoque,  nec  Idaeb  cyparissis : 
N«e  pingues  unam  in  faciem  nascuntur  olivse,  85 

Oithades,  et  radii,  et  amari  pausia  bacci  : 
Poaiaque,  et  Alcinoi  sylvs  :  nec  surculus  idem 
Cnvtumiis,  Syriisque  pyris,  gravibusque  volemis. 

NOTES. 

68.  Vmbroia  arboi:  the  poplar-treo.      It        78.  ^ut  rurmm,    Having  described  tiie 

VM  nered  to  Hercoles.    He  wore  a  crown  process  of  inoculation,  the  poet  gives  us  that 

Mde  of  tho  leaves  of  thiatroe,  to  the  infer-  of  ingrafVing.     TVunau:  the  body  of  the 

hI  rBfions.  tree,  properly  afler  the  top  and  branchee 

17.  Oltmdu:  properlj  acorae;  bj  moton.  are  cut  oiT.     Thia  is  split,  and  the  grafl  put 

Iki  oaks  that  bore  them.     Chaonii  pairis :  into  the  fissure.     He  soems  to  prefer  thij 

Jiyiltr;  so  called  becauee  he  had  a  temple,  mode  of  cultivating  trees.  inasmuch  as  they 

ud  wia  •plendidlj  worshipped  at  Dodona,  soon  come  to  maturity.    ^ee  longum  /on- 

A  tewB  of  CThaonia  in  Epinu.     The  oak  put  (says  he,)  et  ingent  arbo*:  it  is  not  a 

~  to  him.  long  timc,  and  the  mighty  tree,  ejrit/,  hath 

tt.  Ftticra.    This  ie  said  of  the  fir-tree,  shot  up  to  the  skies.   There  is  a  peculiar  ele* 

■hipe  were  built  of  its  timber.    Ma^  gancy  in  the  uso  of  the  perfect  tense  here. 
.-  in  the  sense  of  perictt/(E  maris,        80.  Planta:    gprafU,  or  scions  of  fruit* 


ML   ArbnUuM  interiiur :    the   arbute    or    bearing  trees. 
lUiwbem-tree  is  grafled  with  the  shoot  or        82.  Poma  non  tua :  that  is,  poma  non  tm 


m  of  the  nut*tree.  generii. 

70.  PiaianL    The  plane  tree  affords  a        84.  Ident  Cyparittit:   to  the  IdfeanCj- 
hife  and  pleasant  shade,  but  bears  no  fruit.    pressos.     There  were  two  mountains  by  the 


called  tieriHt.  However,  says  name  of  Ida,  the  one  in  Phrygia,  tlie  other 

fti  poet,  oven  this  haa  been  made  to  bear  in  Crete ;  tho  latter  is  here  meant. 

i|flH  bj  being  grafled.  86.  Orehadet,     The  poet  here  mentions 

IX  Itmpamre  oeuiot :  to  inocolate.     Oeu-  three  species  of  olives :  Uie  orchadet^  a  round 

hm  m  the  bad  which  is  endoeed  or  put  in  olive,  a  word  derived  from  the  Greek;  tho 

fttbark  of  tho  treo  to  be  inoculated.     /n-  radivt  an  oblong  olive;  the  pautia^  an  oUto 

mtrt:  toingrafl.    /fee  medut^Sui,  Neither  of  a  bitter  taste,  so  called  from  pavio^  sajre 

iilko  ■ethod  of  ingrailing  and  inoculating  Columella,  because  its  chiefu^e  was  for  oil; 

ma  lad  tho  eimo    thej  are  different  pro-  to  obtain  which,  it  was  brayed  or  beaten. 

9mm,  87.  Sylva  JHeinei :  the  orchards  of  Aloi- 

Tl.  SimtM  at^utiu»:  a  ■mall  slit  or  gash,  noiis,  kuiff  of  the  Pheaceans.    They  were 

ViAe  ia  tho  barfc  of  the  treo,  (where  the  bud  celebrated  by  the  poets. 

OM  patting  forth,)  for  the  purpose  of  re-  88.  Cruttumiit:  to  the  Crustumean  peara 

■mqf  Iho  graft.  so  called  froin  Cruttumiurn^  a  town  in  Tue- 

77.  DaeaU:  thej  teaeh  it  to  grow  up,  or  caiiy,  whoso  pears  were  much  esteemed; 

■iHyorBto  iteolf  with  the  moist  bark.    Li'  they  were  of  a  reddish  cast.     Stfriit  pyriB, 

W  ■  tho  mward  part  of  the  bark  of  the  Theso  were  so  called,  because  they  nvom 

fens  ChM,  tho  wnoU  bark«-or  rind.  brought  from  Syria.    '^^hejVoi^  «\mo  ciJAmb 


P.  YIRGILU  MARONIS 

Non  eadein  arboribus  pendet  vindemia  m 
Quam  Methymnaeo  capit  de  palmite  Lesl 
Sunt  Thasiae  vites,  sunt  et  Mareotides  alt 
Pinguibus  has  terris  habiles,  levioribus  illi 
Et  passo  Psythia  utilior,  tenuisque  lageoa 
Tentatura  pedes  olim,  rincturaque  lingua 
95.    Suni  pnrpiiraa,  Purpurese,  preciaeque :  et  quo  te  canniM 

prwMsqoe  uvm  Rh»tica  ?  nec  cellis  ided  contende  Falen 

99.  Eit  Argitis  minor  Sunt  et  Ammineie  vites,  firmissima  rina  . 

^"''ll^^       ^ .  Tmolus  et  assurgit  quibus,  et  rex  ipse  Ph 

m^i.lu:^'^T^  Ai^itisque  minor,  cui  non  certaverit  ulla, 

#tfiii  tuiM  tumiais  race-   a.^/i  ••         i 

mU.    Sed  neque  est  nu-  ^ut  tantum  fluere,  aut  totidem  durare  pei 

merus,  qu^  mults  spe-  Non  ego  te,  Dts  et  mensis  accepta  sccunc 

eies  nmt^  nec  qus  Transierim,  Rhodia  ;  et  tumidis,  bumaste 

105.  Quem  numerum  ge^j  neque,  quam  multae  species,  nec  nom 
■oi  velit  scire.  idem  ve-  r«  ^ 

Ut  discere  qukm  mulue  ^^  ""menis  :  neque  enun  numero  compi 
arene  Libyci  ©quoris  Qu^m  qui  scire  veht,  Libyci  veht  fiequons 
turbentur  Discere,  quam  mult»  Zephyro  turbentur  i 

N0TE8. 

Thrmtina^  and  were  of  a   blackish  cast.  97.  Ammineit  vitet.    T 

Some  think  them  to  be  the  Bergamot  pear.  conjectures  couceming  thii 

f^oUmit :  to  the  Volomian  pears.  These  were  certainly  known.     It   pn 

so  called  froiu  the  circumstanco  of  their  fiJl-  vfine—firmisnma  vinOt  str 

jng  the  palin  of  the  hand ;  from  vola,     The  body. 

iurculut^  or  shoot,  of  all  these  was  different.  98.  ^uibut  et  Dnohu: 

89.  JirborHmt:  in  the  sense  of  vitibut,  Tmolus,  and  Phansus  hia 

90.  Melhi/mnaxf :  an  adj.  from  Methymna^  vine-bearing  mountains,  r 
%  city  of  Lenbos,  an  island  in  the  iEgean  respect — they  yield  the  pn 
sea,  famouB  for  its  vines.  Amminean  vine.    Atturgi 

9i.    Thasia:    an   adj.   from    Thattu^  an  highly   metaphorical.      It 

island  in  the  ^gean  sea«    Mareoiidet :  an  minds  the  idea  of  one  moa 

adj.  probablv   from  Mareoiit^  a  lake  neor  another  in  token  of  respec 

Alexandria,  m  Egypt.     Some  take  it  from  it  precedency.      TSnolut : 

a  place  of  the  same  name  in  Lybia,  in  tlie  Lydio,  famous  for  its  w 

coniines  of  Egypt.     These  latter  {fue)  re-  another  mountain  in  the 

quired  a  rich  soil;  the  former  (illat)  alight soil.  the  iEgean  sea,  celebrated 

93.  Ptyihia:  an  adj.  agreeing  with  vt/u,         99.  ArgUit:  a  species  oi 

understood.    Its  derivation  is  uncertain.    It  bably  derived  from  a  Grc 

is  probably  from  the  name  of  some  town  in  ing  white^  or  from  Argot^  a 

Greece,  whore  that  species  of  vine  flburish-  loponnesus. 
ed.     Utilior  pasio:   better  for  pattum^  or        100.  Tantim  fluere:    to 

•weet  wino.    This  was  made  of  raisins  or  joice. 
dried  grapes;  from  ihe  word  patior:  quid        101.  MentitetDit  ieewa 

tolem  aui  ignem  patiiur.    Lageot.  This  was  ble  ot  course  was  composac 

a  species  of  grape,  deriving  its  name  from  second  of  fruits,  and  what  i 

a  Greek  word  signifyinjr  a  hare,  because  it  dettertt.     At  this  second 

resembled  the  color  ox  that  animal.     7V-  there  were  libations  made 

nuii:  subtle  or  penetrating.     Qudd  faeili  Seeundit  is  generally  coin 

^Metatem  indueit^  says  Servius.  It  is,  however,  better  to  com 

95.  Purpurea^  preeittque.    Theseareboth  tit:  it  will  then  be:  the  1 
a^jectives,  and  agree  with  vitet^  or  more  acceptable  to  the  second 
probably  with  ui^cb,  understood.    Preeia :  and  to  the  gods  that  wers 
oarly  ripened— ripened  before  other  srrapes.  acceptable,  or  fit  for  libatiM 

96.  Rhatica :  a  grape,  so  called  from  102.  Rhodia :  an  adj.  tn 
Wutia^  a  country  bordering  upon  Italy  on  mous  isiand  in  the  Mei 
tho  west.  Cellit  Falemit :  with  the  Faler-  Bumatte :  the  bumastns  n 
Dion  wine.  Cellit :  tlie  cellars ;  by  meton.  grape,  whoso  clusters  werei 
fur  the  wine  in  thom.  Falemit:  an  adj.  the  udder  of  a  cow.  Ititi 
from  Falemvu^  a  mountain  in  Campania,  Greek. 

ceiehrated  for  ita  good  wines.  103.  Quetm :  ia  the  senst 


.  CiEOHQICA.    LI3.  IL  m 

Aalt  ubi  naTigiia  violentior  incidit  Eunim 
Ntee,  quot  loDii  Yeniant  ad  litora  fluctua, 

Nec  ver6  terne  ferre  oznnes  omnia  possunt. 
Fluminibus  salices,  crassisque  paludibus  alni  110 

Naacuntur,  sterilee  saxosis  montibus  orni, 
Litora  myrtetis  Istissima :  denique  apertoe 
Baechus  ^mat  coUea,  Aquilonem  et  frigora  taxi. 
Aspice  et  extremis  domitum  cultoribus  orbeaif 
Eoasque  domos  Arabum,  pictosque  Gelonos.  115 

DiTisae  arboribus  patrie.     Sola  India  nigrum 
Pert  ebenum^  solis  est  thurea  virga  Sabeis. 
Quid  tibi  odorato  referam  sudantia  ligno 
Balsamaque,  et  baccas  semper  frondentis  acanthi  ? 

Qiud  nemora  iEthiopum  molli  canentia  lanl  ?  120     ito.  Q,mArrferamHM 

Velleraque  ut  foliis  depectant  tenuia  Seres  ?  Demora 

Aul  quos  Oceano  propior  gerit  India  lucos, 
Elztremi  sinus  orhis  ?  ubi  aera  vincere  summum 
Aiboris  haud  ullfle  jactu  potuere  sagitts : 

NOTES. 

110.  SaUeei  na$ewUur :  the  willows  bj  181.  Seret :  a  people  of  India^  who  ftur- 

tbe  side  of  riven — the  aldera  by  stagnant  nished  the  reet  of  the  world  witb  silk.     It 

pooli — the  bairen  wild  ashee  on  the  stony  was  a  common  receiTed  opinion  that  they 

Boantains,  epring  up,  and  flourish.  collocted  it  from  the  leaves  of  trces.    To 

llt.  Myrtetia:  in  grovesof  mjrtle.    Z»«-  thie  the  poet  refera  in  the  words,  dateetant, 

imima :  in  the  senae  of  feraeiMsima,  *^'  ^«7  comb  off  the  fine  fleecee  from  the 

113.  Baeehui:  hereputfor  vi /e«,  by  me-     **,^*  «  j  l-      x^-  u  . 

Um.    Tbxt.-theyewtreen.   Theverbiiian/    .i^u^^^^^Ti,'*'*""''     *   ^*  »•  "^^^^^.^J^* 
M  to  be  euDolied  diflicult  to  fix  the  meamng  of  nnut^  in  thii 

114.  J),%e  o^bem.  Th.  meaning i., that*  P'»««-  ^  5'.«°'»''' ^  ««f  «n«t;  in  the  dat. 
11»  wmotkt  parU  of  the  world  w^  redu-  '»  'f?»  '"*  ""^J;  '»  ''""l^  *?.  '•^- 
eed  to  a  rtate  of  cultivation  by  their  re-  ^»' ''  "  »»»««7  «'^  •»  *«  non».  It  mu.t 
•p«:tiTe  inhabitant^  both  the  eart  (£oa.do-  »J'e"f»~  "«ean  *••"».  a.  ynrfja,  m  tlie 
Z^AriUmm)  and  the  north,  the  coantnr  of  Vr*^%  Une.  B»t  how  it  can  be  apphed 
tbeOebnt.   The  inhabitante,  by  meton.  put    with  any  propnety,  to  expresB  a  tracl  of 

fer  the  country.    They  painteJl  themselve.  f''''^^ ^»»^  "»'  '?P?"-.k^'^  7'      .t"^T 

that  they  migk  be  more  terriblo  to  their  for  Uie  gen.  connected  with  er/r«»»,  the  dif • 

«iMmie..     Tfi.  ezplain.  the  word  nictoM.  «"^'^y  J'''  >>•  "moved,  in  a  good  degree, 

L    r>  1     .  *"***  oroit  for  the  nom.    Now  orois  sonie- 

115.  Qelonoe :  the  Geloni  were  a  people  times  means  no  more  than  a  «ingle  country, 
fBhabiting  the  northem  part»  of  Europe.  ^^  ^y  diviaion  or  part  of  the  earth.     If  we 

116.  Patria  dirisa :  counthes  are  distin-  take  it  thus,  the  pamage  may  be  rcndered  : 
fnished  by  their  trees.  Patria^  one*s  native  Or,  why  need  I  mention  the  groves  whicb 
Mvntry — Regio,  any  country.  India,  nearer  the  oceah,  the  counh-y   of 

117.  ntireavirga:  the  frankincense  tree.     (bordering  upon)  the  farthest  bay,  produ- 
lie.  Rtferam:  in  the  sense  of  c^tcat/i,  vel     ces?     Valpy  says:  tHe  extreme  convexity 

itttnbam.  of  the  globe.     Heyne  :  interior  remottortpte 

119.  Baltama:  plu.  of  balsamitm^n  plant  terra  extremet  orbis  partis,     Ruomik  :  reees' 

•f  a  Ttrr  delicions  fragrance.     Its  juice  is  sus  ultimi  mundi.     The  sinns  I  tnkn  Cot  the 

olitiined  by  cutting  tfae  branches  in  the  sum.  bay  of  Bcngul,  callcd  by  llio  uncicnis  the 

aer  months,  (Vom  which  incisions  the  juice  Sinus  Ganfrcticus,    Thc  parts  of  InHia  be- 

flows.    Aeanthi,     There  were  two  kinds  of  yond  the  Gange»  wcre  vcry  littlc  known  to 

Aeanthus ;   one  the  herb  commonly  called  them ;  extremi^  thcntfore,  may  bc  very  well 

hfank-yrsiny  or  bearWoot;    the   other  an  applied  to  them.     Summum  aera:  the  higfa- 

Egyptian  tree,  always  groon,  and  abotmding  eet  air — ^the   air  surrounding    Ihe  topmoit 

in  berries.  branches.    This  is  evidently  an  eztravagant 

HO.  MoUilanA:  with soft cotton.   JEthi^  h^rperbole,  notwithstanding  the  declaration 

tfWflii.-  gen.  plo.  ofJEthiops :  an  inhabitant  of  Pliny,  as  to  tho  height  of  tho  trees.    f^if- 

or«£Mtopfa,an  eztensive  country  in  Africa,  eere:  in  the  scnne  of  snperare, 
aboanding  in  the  cotton  tree.     Ut :  in  the        1S6.  Media.    A  country  of  Asia,  bounded 

wmfm  of  quomod».  on  the  nortb  by  the  Caspirn.sea,  on  tbe 


80  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Et  gens  illa  quidem  sumptis  non  tarda  pti 

Media  ferl  tristes  succos,  tardumque  iapo 

Felicis  mali :  quo  non  pneflencius  ullum  . 

(Pocula  si  quando  sflevae  infec^re  novercc 

Miscueruntque  herbas^  et  non  innoxia  vei 

Auxilium  venit^  ac  membris  agit  atra  veii 

131.  ipm  arbor  es/in-  Ipsa  ingens  arbos,  faciemque  simiUima  lai 

feiM,mmilliinaqae  Uoro  Et,  si  non  alium  late  jactaret  odorem, 

gmad  ficiem  Lnunis  erat :  folia  haud  ullis  labentia  vent 

Flos  appriml  tenax :  animas  et  olentia  M 
Ora  fovent  illo,  et  senibus  medicantur  an 
Sed  neque  Medorum  sylvae,  ditissima  ti 
Nec  pulcher  Ganges,  atque  auro  turbiduf 
Laudibus  Italiae  certent :  non  Bactra,  ne 
Totaque  thuriferis  Panchaia  pinguis  areni 
Hsec  loca  non  tauri  spirantes  naribus  igm 
InvertSre,  satis  immanis  dentibus  hydri : 
Nec  galeis  densisque  virOm  seges  homiit 
Sed  gravidae  fruges,  et  Bacchi  Massicus  l 
Implevere  :  tenent  olefeque,  armentaque 
Hinc  bellator  equus  campo  sese  arduus  ii 
Hinc  albi,  Clitumne,  greges,  et  maxima  t 

NOTES. 

ireit  by  Armenia,  on  the  eftst  by  Hyrconia  sahds.    It  received  in  iti 

and  Parthia,  and  on  the  south  by  Persia  brated  Paetoiut;  and  witi 

proper.    Under  Cyrus  the  great,  it  became  Sinut  Phoeaieut. 

a  conatituent  part  of  the  Persian  monarchy.  133.  Baetra :  neu.  plu. 

127.  Mali :  the  citron.  Its  rind  is  bitter,  of  the  Baetriu  By  syn 
■nd  ita  seeds  are  covered  with  a  bitter  skin :  whole  country,  which  was 
hence  triMes  succos^  bitte^  juices ;  and  tar-  and  waa  bounded  by  Pari 
dum  saporem^  a  taste  remainin^  long  on  the  Jndia  on  the  east,  and  by  1 
palate.    It  is  called  Felix^  happy,  on  account  the  north. 

of  iUi  man,-  yirtue.  and  qualitiM, ;  wme  of  ,39   p„„,j^,  .  ^^^ 

which  «e  menuoned    jVon  larda:  m  the  ^     Pi„gui,:   rich,  in  £ 

■ense  of  strenua  vel  fortu,  -         m  ^                ' 

128.  Infecere :   have  poisoned.     Poeula:  .  • 

by  meton.   the  wme.    Prasentiiu  :    raore  .    140.  Haeloea:  thesepl 

certam—more    efficacioua.      Some    copies  "»g  fir®  bave  not  tumed,  i 

have  prastarUius,  ^°  ^e  fable  of  Jason,  who 

129.  JVbn  innoxia  verba :  in  the  eense  of  f  men,  went  to  Colchis  1 
noxias  ineantationes,  fleece.     Here  werebullsbr 

134.  Jipprinut:   an  adj.  neu.  plu.  taken  foa  plough.     Upon  their  1 

ifl  an  adverb,  in  imitation  of  the  Greek».  ^^  ^"  «o^n  ^»^  dragon'i 

The  eame  aa  appHnU.    Animas  et  olentia  mediately  «prang  up,  segei 

•ro,  &c.     With  this  (fruit,  malo)  the  Mcdoe  «;'"med  and  prepared  for  < 

eorrect   their  breath,  and   (cleanse)   their  ^^  place  of  those  thal  had 

■tinJiing  mouths.     See  /En.  viii.  410.     Ru-  dragon  that  guarded  the  fl 

moB  eay»;  Corriguni  halitum  suum  ei  grave-  ^"^"  obtamed  the  prize. 

^tenOa  ora,  moua   Argonautic  ezpedil 

137.  Oanges.    One  of  the  finert  rivere  in  We*.  vu.     It  ie  iupposcd  tJ 

the  world.     It  riies  in  the  kingdom  of  Thi-  f  commercial  expedition,  y» 

bot,and  taking  a  south-easterly  directionf  lucrative. 
after  a  course  of  about  2000  miles,  falls  into         143.  Jdassieus :  a  mount 

Ihe  gulf  or  bay  of  Bengal ;  having  in  its  fertile  in  the  vine ;   here 

oourse   received    a    number    of    tributary  Massieus   hunutr    Bacchi: 

treams,  eleven  of  which,  it  is  said,  are  as  Humor  Bacchi :  tho  iiquor 

•arge  as  the  Rhine.    It  ii  considered  by  the  wine. 
ialwbitants  upon  its  banks,  aa  a  god.    Her-        146.  Clitumne:  Clitumn 

nmt ;  a  river  of  Lvdia,  famoua  for  it*  golden  bria  in  Italy,  famous  for  tli 


GRORGICA.    UB.  II.  «I 

la,  Biepe  tuo  peiilisi  flumine  sacro, 

1108  ad  templa  Dedm  duxere  triumpfaos. 

br  aasiduum,  atque  alienb  mensibus  aestaa. 

avidie  pecudes,  bis  pomis  utilis  arbos.^  160     l^   Nec    ■qeanem 

ndae  tigres  absunt,  et  saeva  leonum  ^"'  "P**  iiiwifiiMe 

a :  nec  miseros  fiiDmit  aconita  legente, :  :jlS:,^^r«S^ 

ipit  immensos  orbes  per  humum,  neque  tanto  tanto  tractu  hU^  p^ 

leus  in  spiram  tractu  se  colligit  anguis.  quUnudmn  aUit  rtgwn- 

tot  egregias  urbes,  operumque  laborem;  155  ^^* 

>nM8ta  manu  pneruptis  oppida  saxis ;  ^^'    j  „  ™*1?^™ 

oaque  antiquos  subter  labentia  muros.  Bupri^nodque  aUmieam 

ure,  quod  suprii,  memorem  ,  quodque  alluit  infra  ?  in^  ?    Anne  memorem 

lacas  tantos  ?  te,  Lari  maxime  ;  teque  tantos  lacue,  te,  O  max- 

bm  et  fremitu  assurgens,  Benace,  marino?  160  i™«  I-*"»  teque,  O,  B»- 

unorem  portus.  Lucrinoque  addita  claustra.  '^^f^    >«         •  j- 

.   j.        '^        ^     .      .  .y   .,  '  162.  £quor  mdiffpa* 

mdignatum  magnis  stndonbus  sequor ;  ^  ^^^  ^  ei^ra 

{oi  ponto  long^  sonat  unda  refuso,  mtgnie 

NOTES. 

hat  fed  on  its  banks.    The  yictims  the  Tuscan  eea  on  the  south.    The  fonnei 

•ahed  in  it,  to  make  them  the  whiter.  was  Bometimes  called  Mare  n^erum^  and 

rictinti  alone  were  ofibred  to  Jove  on  the  lattor  Mare  inftrum;  hence  the  nqtrii 

bal  daye.    To  thii  the  poet  alludes.  applied  to  the  one,  and  tn/r^  to  the  other. 
^Slsioi  oHemt  mennlms:  summer  in        159.  Maxime  Lari:  Larius,  a  larse  lako 

lonth»— mmonthenotiteown.    jit-  at  the  foot  of  the  Alpe.    It  communicatee 

:  in  the  seMO  of  perpehmm.  ^ith  the  Po,  by  the  river  jiddua.    Hodn. 

Bit  veeudet^  &c    The  meanmg  is,  Lago  di  Coma. 

"  ^  ^l^  ^""^  ^'''''^  ^  r  £!*!'  160.  BeMee:  Benacus,  a  large  lake,  oom. 
e  tree»  produce  two  crops  of  fhiit.    _.,  .    -j^w*-*^©.  «^«^i  •  »~|5^  »^^  wiu- 

r;  heie  muM  mean  .heep^and  other  ^^'^^l^fS  with  the  Po,  by  the  nverMm- 
a^iimal..  It  could  not  be  said  of  ^^^  '^  P'~^  .  """Mf  .^*^^  ^'  ^^ 
rho«ee.    The  poe^  in  many  instan-    ;^'«f^«" ;  •welhng  with  the  wave^  and 

praiaing  his  country,  exceeds  the  ^^^^^  ^J  *  ■•*• 

of  credibility.     Wtiit  .•  in  the  eense  161-  Luerina^vemit.     Lucnnus  and 

2u,  eays  Heyne.  Avemus  were  two  lakee  in  Campania.  Here 

Aeonita:  wolTe  bane.    It  is  taken  AugusUw  made  a  haven,  which  he  called 

r  any  nozious  or  poisonous  plant,  or  *he  Julian  port    Thi»  was  done  by  uniting 

According  to  Solinut^  it  takee  its  ^«™  ^7  »  <»n«d,  and  eonnecting  them  with 

hun  Aeon,  a  port  in  Poniut,  a  coun-  ^?  •^    PoHum  JuHvm  apud  Baiat,  im- 

Dffiou.  for  poisonous  plants.    Othera  ^***^  »*  Luerinum  ei  Avemum  Laeum  mari^ 

6om  a  Greek  word   signifying  a  fl^»  •^J"  Sueioniut.    AddUa  elautira.    It 

«caoM  it  grew  principally  on  stony  ^^0«^  eeem  fW>m  thie,  that  Luennut  waa 

■.     Semina:  mihe  uenBe of  prolet.  oripnally  a  bay,  and  probably  conneoted 

Lidforem  operum :  the  labor,  or  work  ^^^^  the  eea,  by  a  nanrow  strait,  but  after- 

ieera.     (h>erum  appean  to  be  used  ^™»  «"^her  by  some  operation  of  the  wa- 

Mnse  of  Opifieum,  or  Operanorum.  J^^  ?'  artificially,  waa  separated  fh>m  it, 

takes  laborem   operum,  simply  for  fonning  ■-lahe.    This  was  the  opinion  of 

r^  mdificia,  Strabo,  who  mforms  us  that  Lucrinus  wae 

TW  oppida.    Many  of  the  cities  of  originaUy  a  bay ;   but  had  been  separatMl 

ve  built  upon    high  and  elevated  "»'"  ™  sea,  ever  since  the  days  of  Herea- 

1.    To  this  the  words  prteruptu  taxit  ^^  *>J  *  »0««^  or  bank  of  sand ;  that  tUi 

Cangetia  in  the  sense  of  exirueia.  '^"  oocarionaUy  broken  over  by  the  waves 

Subier :    Heyne  takes  this  in   the  «^  ^he  sea,  bnt  was  repaiied  and  made  ■•. 

f  prmier:  making  the  seuse  to  be,  ^^  against  all  encroachments  of  that  el» 

•  rirerB  flowed  or  passed  by  the  walls  ment,  by  Agrippa,  for  the  purpose  of  na- 

■.    He  observes  that  many  of  the  hmg  it  a  safe  and  oonvement  sUtion  for  Um 

r  Italy  were  built  npon  the  margin  of  Roman  fleet 

whidi  seems  to  warrant  that  sense  162.  IndigruUum :   the  same  as  indif' 

word.  nanj:  roaring — raging. 

An.  Martyitc.    Italy  is  washed  by  leo.  JuHa  aoua.    Heynefeema\o>snA«r« 

riatie  sea,  on  the  north-east,  and  by  stand  this  in  tho  leiiM  of  Ju^Mt  portwi^lte 


9^  P.  VISGILU  MARONIS 

Tyrrhenusque  fretis  iminittitur  aBstos  Avm 

l65.H8Boead6m//alta  Haec  cadem  ai^enti  rivos,  aBnsque  metallfl 

Mtendit  in  remn  nvo«    Qstendit  venis,  atque  auro  plurima  fluzit. 

t67.HflBc//a^eztiilit  Haec  genus  acre  vir(hn,  Marsos,  pubemqu 

teregenasTnrQm^neq^ye.  Assuetumque  malo  Ligurem,  Volacosque 

169.HAo/ialMiezttilit  Extulit:  haec  Decios,  Marios,  magnoaque 

Scipiadas  duros  bello ;  et  te,  maxime  Cm 
Qui  nunc  extremis  AsisB  jam  victor  in  ori 
Imbellem  avertis  Romanis  arcibus  Indum, 
Salve,  magna  parens  firuffum,  Satumia  tel 
Magna  virdm :  tiU  res  antique  laudis  et  • 
Ingredior,  sanctos  ausus  recludere  fontes : 
Ascraeumque  cano  Romana  per  oppida  c€ 
ITT.  Lociu  ett  dictndi  Nunc  locus  arvorum  mgenus :  quae  rob 
U  ingeiuis  q^  color,  et  qu«  sit  rebus  natura  ferend 

Difficiles  primum  terne,  cctliesque  maligni 
180.  Ubi  tufU  teaaii  Tenuis  ubi  argilla,  et  dumosis  cakulus  an 
argiUa,  et  calculue  PaUadi4  gaudent  sylvi  vivacis  oUvae. 

Indicio  est  tractu  surgens  oleaster  eodem 

NOTES, 

harbor  tJiat  had  been  made  by  ezcluding  the  ble  birth^  he  Eoee  to  the  hig 

•ea — ^the  water  in  the  harbor.     Lucrinus  trioniphed  over  Jugurtha, '. 

wae  not  entirely  separated  from  the  sea.  and  over  the  CimbTi.    H 

It  was  connected  with  it  by  a  strait,  or  nar-  venth  consulship.    CamiUo 

row  channel,  for  the  ingress  and  egress  of  brated  of  the  CamiUi  wa 

the  fleet,  and  for  the  admission  of  the  water  Camilliu.     He  triumphed 

'  of  the  sea.  He  rescued  Rome  from  ths 

164.  FretiM  Avemit :  the  canal  which  con-  called  a  second  Romulua, 
nected  Avemut  with  Lucrinxuy  is  here  call-  age  of  eighty  years.  & 
tdfretum^  a  strait.  JEttut:  in  the  sense  of  Scipiadat,  See  ^n.  vi.  842 
wutre,  cible— capable  of  endurin| 

165.  Jtfe/a/tooru;  simpIy,bra8B.    Fluxit:  war. 

in  the  sense  of  abundavU.  173.  Satumia  tellut,    I 

167.  Manot,  The  Marai  were  a  people  of  because  here  Saturn  foun 
Italy  lying  to  the  south  of  the  Appenine^,  afler  his  expulsion  from  he 
and  to  the  east  and  north  of  the  ^qui  and  ©d  here  conjointly  wilh  Ja: 
Foltcu  They  originated,accordingtosomo,  ject.  7Y«;  for  thee— for 
ftom  a  son  of  the  sorceress  Circe :  others  ^m^  Vrit  •  in  the 
•»y,from^or«a,akinKofLydia.     Their  Laudi  antiqu^  et  arlU.    1 

mum,  not  far  from  the  Laeut  Fuetnut.    Pu-  m      n 

kem  Sabellam:  the  SabeUi  were  a  very  an-  ^*^-  -^'crmimcarmen:  t 

cientpeopleofltaly,origin»!!7'-^c^-"''r-»i»*  <>'  verse;  that  la,  m  imiti 

StOMuiet^  the  Sabinet^  and  the  .Autaneant.  ':-*'  •»•«  ^  *.— .\J  »**  ^tcra, 

168.  Ligurem:  the  Liguraas  accustommi  tia,  not  far  from  mount  He 
lo  fatigue  or  toil.  The  Liguret  were  a  ^^  wrole  a  irciiicc  upon  a, 
people  inhabiting  that  part  of  lialy,  which  177.  [ngeniis:  the  nati 
liea  at  tho  head  of  the  Mare  Liguttieum^  or  tho  lands.  Robora^  plu.  o 
sea  of  Genoa.  The  Voltei  were  a  very  war-  or  ability  to  produce.  Tl 
likepeople.  They  inhabited  thatpartof  Ita-  to  pomt  out  the  several  n 
ly,  through  which  the  river  Liris  passes,  and  euisnmg  the  various  soils. 
were  buunded  on  the  west  by  tlie  Rutuli  such  methods. 

and  Latini,  on  the  east   by  j^urunei  and  179.  Maligni:  thin — po* 

Catttpanit  and  on  the  north  by  the  ^qui  to  the  quality  of  the  soil.   i 

and  Uemiei.     Verutot^  anned  with  darts :  181.  Paliadia   tylvA  :    ] 

from  veru  a  kind  of  dart.  PaUadia:  an  adj.  from  P 

169.  Decios :  ihese  were  three  Romans,  Minerva,  to  whom  tlie  olit 
who  sacrificed  their  lives  for  their  coimtry.  182.  Olcasier  nasctnt  ph 
Mariot:  the  Marii^  of  v(hom  Caius  Marius  olive,  springing  up  thick  i 
WM  the  most  oelebrated,    Thou|(h  of  hum-  the  eame  tract,  is  for  a  sigi 


OEORGICA.    LIB.  U. 


W 


Animos,  et  strati  baccis  syhestribus  agri. 
it  qiuB  piiigins  humus,  dulcique  uligine  laeta, 
(Wque  fi^uens  herbis,  et  fertilis  ubere  campus, 
QstJeai  aepe  carl  montis  convalle  solemus 
Aoipicere :  buc  summis  liquuntur  rupibus  amnes, 
Ftlicfloiqiie  trahunt  limum :  quique  editus  Austro, 
B  fificem  curvis  invisam  pascit  aratris  : 
Hb  tiln  pnsralidas  olim  multoque  fluentes 
hfficiet  Baccho  vites :  hic  fbrtilis  uvae, 
Hie  bticis ;  qualem  pateris  libamus  et  auro, 
IdiaTit  ciim  pinguis  ebur  Tyrrhenus  ad  aras, 
Lmcibus  et  pandis  fumantia  reddimus  exta. 

Sm  annenta  magis  studium,  vituloKque  tuer!, 
itU  kBtoB  OTium,  aut  urentes  culta  capellas : 
Mtos  et  satori  petito  longinqua  Tarenti, 
Et  qoalem  infeluc  amisit  Mantua  campum, 
hicentem  niveos  herboso  flumine  cycnos. 
NoD  liqui^  gregibus  fontes,  non  gramina  dosont : 
Gt  quantum  longis  carpent  amienta  diebus, 
Exigui  tantdm  gelidus  ros  nocte  reponet. 

Nign  lerd,  et  presso  pinguis  sub  vomere,  terra, 
&  cui  putre  sohim  (namque  hoc  imitamur  arando) 
Opdina  firumentis ;  non  uUo  ex  aequore  cemes 
ntra  domom  tardis  decedere  plaustra  juvencis : 
Aot  unde  iratus  sylvam  devexit  arator, 
b  nemora  evertit  multos  ignava  per  annos, 
ABtiqoaflque  domos  avium  cum  stirpibus  imis 
Brait :  illae  altum  nidis  petiere  relictiB  : 
At  nufis  enituit  impulso  vomere  campus. 

NOTES. 


190 


184.  At  hnmufl,  aum 

185  ^  pinguis,  letaque  dul* 

oi   uligine,    campusque^ 

qai  esi  frequens  hnrbiai 

et  fertilis  ubore 

188.  CampiaqvLe^  qui 
ett  editus  Austro,  et  dm- 
eit 

190.  Hic  eiunpiu  lufii- 
ciet  tihi 

191.  Hic  eampiu  eni 
fertilis  uve,  hic  idem 
erii  fertUit  ialit  laticis; 

195  ^^^^^ 

195.  Sin  studium  tii 

Hbi  magis  tueri  armenta 

198.  £t  /a/aitcampum« 

qualem 

200  f 

901.  Quantdm  hertn^ 

mm  armenta 
203.  Terra  ferd  nigra, 

at   pinguis   sub  presso 


205 


Yomere ;  et  cui  eil 

207.  Aut  iOa  ierra  eai 
opHma/rumenii».  unde 


210     210.  Altum  airem 


183.  SirtUi:  covered  with. 

184.  Lmia:  in  the  senso  of  ahundant, 
Qlfme:  the  natural  moisture  of  the  earth. 

187.  laowiniur:  in  the sense  of  d^tiun/. 

188.  Fekeem:  fertilizing,  or  enrichiaff. 
188.  Piheem:  the  fem  or  brake,  whose 

nMsi,  by  their  contezture,  are  Tcry  trouble- 
iNM  to  the  plough.    Invitam :  hated. 

191.  SwjfUiei :  in  the  sense  of  produeei. 

192.  Paierit  ei  auro:  by  Uendiadis,  for 
Wtttit  paierit :  m  golden  bowls. 

193b  Tjfrrkenut ;  an  inhabitant  of  Etru- 
di  or  Toocan^  an  eztensiye  country  in 
l^j,  whooe  ancient  inhabitants  were  fa- 
atoe  toT  indnlging  their  appetite ;  hence  the 
C|ilh0t  pinguit:  nit  or  corpulent,  Reddi- 
■v:  we  ofier  to  the  gods  the  warm  en- 
biib,  kc  Ebur:  properij  ivory — any 
ttiaf  made  of  iTory.    Here,  an  ivory  pipe. 

l^  TWrt;  in  the  senso  of  olere,  yel 


196.  l?Veii/ef :  nippinf— destroying.  Cul" 
k:  n  adj.  from  etitut.  This  denotes  any 
Hiif  tlMt  ii  dressed,  taken  eare  of,  or  ma- 
iaaiiywaybyenhure.  Hereitmeans 


1S. 


T^armti:  Tarentum,  a  town  in  Ca- 
lllla,  t&  llie  eastem  part  of  Italy ;  which 
katiftas  Um  opitlMC  toMbi^f  nmota 
iddi.    ^nw  M  osdimlsiad 


198.  Mantua  infeHx  amittl :  such  as  tm 
happy  Mantua  haUi  lost.  The  poet  alludee 
to  the  circumstance  of  Augustus'  depriving 
the  Mantuans  of  their  lands,  and  bestowing 
them  upon  his  soldiers,  as  a  reward  for  thev 
services.  'Infelixy  here,  is  peculiarly  appro- 
priate.  Mantua  was  situated  upon  the  ri* 
ver  Mincius,  which  abounded  in  grass  and 
reeds.  Fhmine:  perhape,  in  the  sense  of 
rtpa,  vel  litore. 

200.  Liquidi:  in  the  sense  ofpuri,    /)e- 
tunt:  Heyne  reads  deeruni^  in  the  future. 

204.  ImUamur  koe^  Acc.  The  design  of 
ploughing  land  being  to  loosen  its  tezturo, 
and  to  render  it  soft  and  mellow ;  by  doing 
this,  we  imitate,  savs  the  poet,  a  soil  «  hirn 
is  naturally  so.  JEie  observes,  that  a  datli 
mould,  and  one  that  looks  fat  and  greasy, 
as  it  is  broken  up  with  the  share,  and  is,  af 
the  same  time,  rotten  or  mellow,  is  the  best 
for  grain:  non  ex  uUo  aquore  eemet^  Ieo. 
The  same  too  mav  be  said,  he  observes,  of 
Und  newly  cleared:  unde  iratut^  Ilc,  /ra- 
iuty  angry,  on  account  of  the  barrenneas  of 
the  wood.  Ignava:  barren — useless. 
205.  JEquore :  in  the  sense  of  a^,vel  eammo, 

211.  Kudit  eanunu:  but  the  new  (beiors 
nnoultivated)   field  hath  shone  under  thia 
deep  kid  ihaio.    Fot  eMiluit^  Dt.  *ti%V% 
would  read  enatel,  th«  pM. 


M  P-  VIRGILII  HARONIS 

Niiiii  jejuna  quidem  clivoffl  glarea  nuis 

Vix  huiniles  apjbus  casias  roretnque  iniu 

tl4.    Chaljdru    vix  Et  tophus  scaber,  et  nigria  excBa  chelydi 

nUttutrant  eu  qiuqut      ^reta  :   negant  alios  leque  serpentibus  as 

Dulcem  ferre  cibum,  et  curvas  prtebere  I 

SIT.  ItUiara  q^amoa.-  Quse  tenuem  exhalat  nebulam,  fumosque 

^*^  Et  bibit  humorem,  et,  dum  nilt,  ei  se  ip 

Quieque  euo  viridi  semper  se  gramine  n 

Nec  BCabie  et  salaft  leedit  rubigine  feirun 

SS1.  IQa  urra  btexst  Illa  tibi  letis  intexet  vitibus  ulmos  : 

Ilia  ferax  oleffi  eat ;  illam  experiSre  colfl 

Et  &cilem  pecori,  et  patientem  vomeris 

Talem  dives  arat  Capua,  et  vicina  Vesei 

Ora  jugo,  et  vacuia  ClaniuB  non  equus  1 

XM.  Nnnc  dicam  qoo-       Nunc,  quo  quamque  modo  possis  C(^ 

nxMlo  ponig  cogaoteen  Rgr^  sit,  an  supra  morem  sit  densa,  reqi 

ir"'"ui'i^o''n  lit"™^  C*'*^"'  fnimentis  quoniam  favet,  sltera 

.    "  S^^D^nMf^^ei  Densa,  magia  Cereri ;  rarissima  quKque 

CBrsnmagii  Ante  locuni  captes  oculis;  altequejubet 

In  Bolido  puteum  demitti,  omnemque  reg 

RursuB  humum,  et  pedibus  summas  lequ 

£33.  Siarew  deerunt  gj  deerunt,  rarum,  pecorique  et  vitibus  i 

S,'£i":p'Sr^'-'  AP<;-.  -1»-  .ri. :  .»  in  .„.  po».  n,g. 

Ire  loca,  et  scrobibus  superabit  terra  re 

Spissus  ager ;  glebas  cunctantes  crassac 

Expecta,  et  validis  terram  proscinde  juv 

Salsa  autem  tellus,  et  que  perbibetur 

Frugibus  infelix ;  ea  nec  mansuescit  ara 

Nec  Baccho  genus,  aut  pomis  sua  nomii 

NOTES. 

SIS.  Jfttn  jgima  glima,    BavlDg  men-  225.  Ora  .■ 

liamed  thB  land  boit  lor  grain,  Ihe  poet  here  yaero:   the  : 

obeervei,  Ihal  the  luid  in  which  the  diy  penia,  nemr  N>p1e*,  well 

gn.va[,j^vnaglarea;  or  the  rongfa  rotten-  no.    Aeerru:  Acerns  n 

•tone,  (coier  toph-iu;  or  the  ohuk  (1006,  of  Campania,  which  th> 

erete,  aboundi,  will  •eejcelj  prodnea  the  iti  frequent  inujidationi 

b«rb  eaiiot  uid  «oueqnentlf  ii  unfit  for  ted.    Hance  the  propriet 

grain:  beeidae,  it  ia  the  h«ant  of  nozioai  juit,  or  kiad — deetrueliv 

nptileeuidvannin.  J{*r«M.- inthaMi         -  —    - 
JlMWiMTiHejiie:  futhw  rat  letel  wic 

«15.    TophMi   jfutrr,   &c     Hoyne    Inkes  "^  dmatii. 

kaihui  •eabcr  and  ertla  extra  tui  nominttlive»  -28.  BacAo—Lyia. 

to  lueanl.  *<>"■  ""^  '"'"  P"*  'or  ™ 

„    o     ,.          ...             ...            -        .,.  230.  Anll:  in  Ihc  BBQ 

990.  Seabtet  rubigtne:  wilh  aourf— with  T"    n      ■„■    ■    ii. 

liut.    Ferram:  ihe  plongh-shlre.  (t«m    in  iTBScnio of/OT 

SSl.     Intexnt:     will    ontwine— BinbrsBB.  u,e  goliJ  ground. 

'n/iftcaMf,  nyi  fluiEus.  j34_  (;j„;   jn  iJ,b  ai 

Ct3>  Faciltm  ytmri !  to  bo  tDod  for  pii«-  hmnut. 

tWB.  uil  ii(iti«iii  of  Um  bitniiiTig  plciU(;li —  236.    Erpeela  eimcla\ 

~  '"  bear  fr«iiu«Dt  lillnso.  doiJi,  uid  lurge  laugb  ri 

E4.  Capua:  a  dt;  at  Campanitt,  «ut-  3M.  EanccmaTuitrmn 

-■■■•-  K  Itvllla oountrj.    Ita  iiilialiiu  mellowB   bj  ploughing, 

'  '     '   il  for  thiir  wealtb  ind  klnd  tollio  vinB,nur  tlici 

liu  ftBm  Capyt.  a  iVull.     Tho  vine  o.nd  fr 

ItStralHi  ileriviM  il  loHe  Iheir  oriE^inal  Haior 

U  the  «hiof  eit/  ia  plantril  in  such  s  i>oil.     t 
aS  uuiyla,  vel  tr^fiaundB 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  n.  W 

ipeeimen.    Tu  spisso  viniuie  qutk», 
iktrum  fumoau  deripe  tecdn. 
le  malus,  dulcesque  a  funtibufl  uodB 
calceDtur:  aqua  etucUbilur  omiiia 
{nndea  ibunt  per  vimina  gutta.  S45 

dicium  &ciet  manifestus  ;  et  ora 
uitAm  eensu  torquebit  amaror. 
tem  quK  flit  lellua,  boc  denique  pacto 
baud  unquam  manibus  jaciata  fttiicit ; 
morem  ftd  digilofl  lentescit  babendo.         260 
jorea  heibafl  abt,  ipsaque  justo  *si.  H™^»  »«•■» 

mmiim  ue  sit  mihi  fertilis  illa,  "X"  Ji;^.'  "* *" 

raliasm  pnmis  ostendat  anstis  I  ^^   Terra,  qnw  m( 

nt  est,  ipeo  tacitam  se  pondere  prodit;    •        grBvii,  <|db<|m  atUma. 
ia.     Promptum  eat  ocuIiB  preMliscere  nigram,  prodit  m  t«dtu> 
color.     At  aceleratum  exquirere  frigus     266     S66.  Et  qoiaqiut  eolot 
:  pice»  tantiJm,  taxique  nocentes  *•*  «">•««?"•  '•*«• 

ut  hedA%  pandunt  veatigia  nigrx. 
adversis,  terram  multd  ante  memento 
et  magnos  scrobibua  concldere  moDtes, 
ataa  Aquiloni  ostendere  glebaa,  261 

in  infodiu  ntis  genua;  optima  putri  t6Z.  OptimauTaiMu 

id  venti  curant,  gelidsque  pruiiue,  '  t^^  ■<"■> 

I  movens  robustus  jugera  fossor. 
tB  baud  ulla  viroa  vigilantia  fugil : 
I  flimitem  exquirunt,  ubi  prima  pat«tur 
legea,  et  quo  mox  dlgesta  feratur; 


k:   in  tba   wenao  of  tiaie,  tbI    eapiere :  U>  irj — baka.    Tha  poet  hva  ad- 
lai :    bukets   made    of  thick    Tuea  to  let  tlia  lud  lia  ezpoBrd  both  to  tha 

heat  of  the  lUn  during  the  nuiuner,  and  ta 
■  bithn — iDto  the  bukel.  JSa-  the  Dorth  wind  during  winter-,  that  ii,  roi 
s  earth  of  bmd  qualit}.  Vnda:  ■  whale  yeBT.  Ths  imli  in  the  followiiij 
of  aipia.  line  «ppeui  entirelj  ezpletiTe.    Boine  hive 

laMur '  in  tfae  mdm)  of  ^fflutt,    propoMd  to  read  iit  room  of  ii,  alipte,  which 

would  be  [ueferftble,  if  theie  were  *uthoritj 
r  .■  tbe  laate  or  reliih,  denating  for  tha  ehuge.  HeTne  leeini  to  «ppfovi 
tt  %ay  thinc.    It  diffiiri  from    of  olfiu. 

1  hm  niMM  the  Mnwtion  or        381.  OlenJen:    in   the  lenM  of  expo. 
Md  on  tha  moath  bj  the  act  of    ner*.    SupiiuUat :  toraed  toward,  or  lyui| 
Mtitm  I   a  diMoreij  of    the    eipoeed  to, 
"  * — '  364.  Labe/aetajugera:  hi*  laoeenedMref 

— mellowiiig  onder  the  inatrun:  etita  of  hn» 


— mellowiiig  m 
lumdrj.  Cvra 
will  render  the  ground  •ofl  ud  m 


e  of  ■obo,  vel    bandrj.     Curant:  in  the  eenM  of  j^EckkI; 
'      "      d  roellDW. 


«(«.■  in  the  »11*0  of  veriato.  .— - 

nde.-  bjr  buidling,  367.  Stget:    ■  norMry,  oi  plaee  wba* 

>  -■  tban  jiut — aliDve  due  maa-  traei  are  fint  planted  ar  reared,  tjll  ibej  be 

■bl.  after  Iho  campiirativc.  of  iDfficient  uie  tobetnuiiplanled.     Inthii> 

lu ;  drufa  liero  ineann  the  blade  paeeage,  the  meaniiig  appean  to  be,   tiial 

he  gTun.  thaae  whawonld  hava  good  orchard*.  ■hoiilii 

lam:  in  the  wnve  of  lacill.  paj  s  puticolai  atleDUon  to  theaail,  wheie 

■plH"!.'  in  the  aonie  ol  faeiie,  they  inlend  to  planl  iha  treoa,  and  Bcleci  a 

rahaf  b  Iha  niwe  of  riiiftiaa,  aail  af  the  libe  kind  far  the  nuiaery;  from 

iiK  whicFi  {ex  fUD)  afterward  the  treca  ate  to 

fMfr*  lerram:  to  drain.  w  drj  be  taken  and  traoaplantad ;   laat  wlien  w 

CfffdiTt.    Uavidaon.  on  tha  tnniplantad,  thej  ■bould  not  read.ly  unila 

'•*■■'■*"  — ■'" -'— ,    Cx>  with  tha  •arth.    Hot  onlj  »,  tii«i  ^mU 


tH  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Mutatam  ignorent  subito  ne  semina  matPil 

Quin  etiam  coeli  regionem  in  cortite  tigak 

t70.     Ut   rMtituant  Ut,  quo  queque  modo  steterit,  qud  pan^  < 

tmmnquamque  eb  modo,  Auatrinos  tulerit,  qu»  terga  obverterit  alfc 

juoqumque steterit, qui  Restituant.     Aded  in  teneris  cortBueacere 

^^"^  Collibus,  an  plano  melius  sit  ponere  vit« 

Quaere  prius.     Si  pinguis  agros  metabere 
Densa  sere.     In  denso  non  segnior  ubere 
S76.  Sjd  eligas  ■olum  Sin  tumulis  accliye  solum,  collesque  supin 
aodiye  tumulis  Indulge  ordinibus :  nec  secius  omnis  in  lU) 

Arboribus  positis  secto  via  limite  quadret* 
Ut  saepe  ingenti  bello,  cum  longa  cohortei 
Explicuit  legio,  et  campo  stetit  agmen  ape 
Directeeque  acies,  ac  late  fluetuat  omtiis 
^re  renidenti  tellus,  necdum  horrida  iniiac 
Praelia,  sed  dubius  mediis  Mars  errat  in  ai 
884.  Omnia  fnienfalld  Omnia  sint  paribus  numeris  dimensa  jdart 
▼ianuD  ■int  dimenM       f^^j^  animum  mod6  uti  pascat  prospelhiff  i 

Sed  quia  non  aliter  vii-es  dabit  omflibas  10 
Terra,  neque  in  vacuum  poterunt  se  extel 
Forsitan  et  scrobibus  quae  sint  fiistigia  <; 
Ausim  vel  tenui  vitem  committere  sulco. 
Altius  ac  penitus  terrsB  defigitur  arbos : 

NOTES. 

carefVinj  observe  what  particular  side  iitood  t78.  Ommtvta,fte.   Ev 

toward  the  several  parts  of  heaven,  that  nue,  should  square  exactlj 

thej  might  be  placed,  every  one  in  the  same  placed  in  a  path  or  line  c 

manner— on  what  side  they  sustained  the  space  should   exactly  for 

■ummer  heat,  and  on  what  aide  the  winter  rows  of  trees  being  planl 

oold.     Seget :  in  the  Benae  of  sentinarium^  tances,  and  at  right  angl 

■ajB  Hejme.     Digetta :  arraQged  in  rows.  /n  unguem :  ezactl j — to  i 

Feratwr:  in  the  sense  of  Iramferatur.  281.  Jleiet  direeta:  the 

9BB.Semina:  young  plante,  or  trccs.  Ma-  _2,e  battalions  are  ma; 

trem:  the  ground  into  which  they  are  trans-  ^^  ormy  in  order  of  battl» 

P'"*®**-      .     .      ^                ^  derof  march;  exertftfttt: 

271.  Jix% :  m  the  sense  of  iqftentrioni.  ciee.     Fluetuat:  in  the  se: 

$72.  Consueseere  in  leneris :  to  be  accus-  -»o«    d     •  j    j  •           «.u 

tomed  in  their  tender  age  availa  bo  much-  J^^'  •   ^*^"^*  flV  ^ 

ha.  8o  much  mfluence  over  them.     Some  -^re ;  m  the  Benae  of  irf« 

«opies  have  d  teneru.    Jinniswvmdeniood.  283.  /hiWu* ;  doubtful- 

274.  Metabere:  if  you  shaU  lay  out  for  hnowmg  on  which  eide  j 
planting.     Ruibus  mterpreU  it  by  eligas.  armiee  the  victory  wiU  fal 

275.  Densa:  for  (feiu^,  ata  adv.  Bacehus  s^4.  Omnia  sint^  kc. 
non  segnior :  the  vine  wUl  not  be  lera  fruit-  should  bemeasurcdoutini 
Ail  in  a  thick  and  rich  soil.  Some  take  in  Davidson  supposes  interm 
denso  simply  for  densi^  and  render  it  thus :  the  like  import,  to  agree  i 
the  vine  wiJl  not  be  Icm  fruitful  in  a  rich  govjem  viarum.  RuflBus 
•oU,  if  p/anted  thickly.  In  this  case,  ubere  with  numeris^  and  suppoM 
Im  taken  for  richness  or  fertihty  of  soU.  ed  by  that  word.  But  to  t 
Thii  appears  to  be  the  opinion  of  Heyne.  in  the  sense  of  omnes  vii 
Rosus  connects  dento  with  ubere*  In  this  and  of  this  construction  1 
caae,  denso  must  be  taken  in  the  sense  of  amples  in  Virgil.  Opaa 
frififtM,  vel  «pofo;  and  tf6erein  theaense  of  places.  iEn.  ii.  725.  Op 
9oio.  ways,  or  passages.    iEn. ' 

276.  Stqnnos:  sloping— deaoending  gra-  ftSS.  Fastigia:  in  the  i 
4aaUy .  tas.    Serohiinu :  to  the  tr< 

277.  Induige  ordinibus:  indulge  in  your  290.  Altixa.  The  comi 
rowB — plant  your  vines  farther  apart.  A*ee  Mtb;  but  HeyncsUeinsius 
monkt :  aLKH-Ukewise ;  pon^  faya  Heyne.  havo  oMof • 


GEOEGICA.     LlB.1i  «T 

nprimis,  qusu  quantum  vertice  ad  auras 

iautum  radice  in  Tartara  tendit. 

byemes  illam,  non  flabra,  neque  imbres 

. :  imiiu)Ia  manet^  multosque  per  annos, 

m  volvens  durando  saecula  vincit.  295 

s  late  ramos  et  brachia  tendens 

media  ipsa  ingentem  sustinet  umbram.  *^-  ^P»*  modia  mit^ 

n  ad  Solem  vergant  vineta  cadentem :  *'"'*  ramat  ■usimet 

vites  corylum  sere  :  neve  flagella 
te,  aut  summas  defringe  ex  arbore  plantas, 
nor  teme :)  neu  ferro  laMle  retuso  SOl 

leve  olee  sylvestres  insere  truncos. 

incautis  pastoiibu^  excidit  ignis, 

pingui  primum  sub  cortice  tectus 
^mprendit,  frondesque  elapsus  in  altas  S05 

ccelo  sonitum  dedit :  inde  secutus 

victor,  perque  alta  cacumina  regnat, 
ovolvit  &immis  nemus,  et  ruit  atram 

picei  crassus,  caligine  nubem : 

si  tempestas  a  vertice  sylvis  310 

rlomeratque  ferens  incendia  ventus. 

non  a  stirpe  valent,  caesseque  reverti  312.  Ubi  hoe  iiieidit. 

tque  im&  similes  revirescere  terri;  tumviiet  non  valent  rt- 

er»t  folib  oleaster  amaris.  **'''*    mupe 

1  tam  prudens  quisquam  persuadeat  auctor 
Bore^  rigidam  spirante  movere.  316 

tum  claudit  hyems,  nec  semine  jacto 

NOTES. 

sra  t^ndii:  Tariarut^  mas.  in  the  or  otherwise,  you  ehoald  not  take  the  top- 

thepla.oneofthe  regions  of  heU.  most  shoots  of  the  tree,  bat  thoee  tbat  trc 

»  poete  eay,  the  wicked  and  im-  nearer  the  root ;  for  they  will  grow  and 

mkhed.    Izion,  Tityus,  Tanta-  flourish   better,  having  more  etrength  in 

as,  and  the  Danaides,  were  een-  them,  and  having  aJready  contractcd  a  fond- 

his  place.    The  poet  advieee  to  ness  for  the  earUi— /an/ta  amor  terra,    6'e> 

rine  to  a  light  Airrow,  juat  be-  mina :  in  the  aenee  oftureulot^  vel  plantat, 

«ce  of  the  earth ;  bnt  to  put  the  300.  Defringe.   Heyne  reade  detirtnge. 

^l^l^^^Vl^nt^^^  t^J^evetntere^kc.  Nor plant the tranke 

r    %Sl%^Vr^^^S^o!r«  ofthewildoliveamongyoSrvinee,    Inter 

The  vine   properiy  belong»  ^e*,  i.  anderetood. 

M  ipecieaof  thetree,nortothat  * 

ib;  bat  ia  between  both:  /«r-  .   306.  5ecu/i«:  mcrraamg  more  and  more, 

nm  quod  nee  ariforem,  neefrutv-  **  '«P>»  victor^ne. 

dixerimj  aaya  Columella.    See  308.  RuU:   m  the  eenae  of  emiitii^  vel 

erigit,    J^emmt:  in  the  eenae  of  vinUum, 

liot  per  annot.     Heyne  reads,  310.  j9  veHiee:  ftom  on  high;  or,  accord- 

ret.     He  obeenree  that  Heinuus,  ing  to  Servius,  from  the  north.     Detuper^ 

hei^  read  the  aame.    Per  annot^  veT  de  ecUormj»  Heyne;  iiteptenirione^Wkyt 

ral  readingf  and  appears  to  be  Rucua. 

If  nepoiet  be  read,  it  must  be  312.  Vbihoe:  when  this  happene — ^when 

e  eenee  of  ataiet^  vel  teva;  but  yourvinevards  are  bumt,  your  vines  cannot 

ressed  in  the  following  line,  by  shoot  fortnaffain  fix>mthe  root;  nor,if  they 

nulla  tmeula  rtribn.  be  cut,  can  they  do  it,  and  spring  up  saur 

ri/  .*  in  the  sense  "S  tuperat,  as  they  were  before.    They  will  be  entirely 

tpeie  tummr .  AMther  seek  the  destroyed,  and  nothing  but  the  barren  wild 

kots,  nor  break  c»ff  the  topmost  oIiTe  will  snrvive  and  remain.    ReverH :  Uk 

the  tree.  the  sense  of  renateu 

»  wnich  the  poet  gives,  is :  that  317.  Rura :  in  the  sense  otarva,   Semtne 

ing  trees,  wnether  by  grafling,  Jaeio:  in  the  senee  of  fttreula  dcjgui»* 

8 


M  P   YlKGlLll  MARONIS 

■• 

Concretam  patitur  radicem  affigere  terrB. 
Optima  vinetis  satio  est^  cum  vere  rubeoti 
C%iulida  venit  avis  longis  invisa  colubris : 
Prima  vcl  autumni  sub  frigora,  cum  rapidu 
Nondum  hyemem  contingit  equis,  jam  prae 

S2S.  Adoo  ver  et/  uiiU  Ver  aded  frondi  nemorum,  ver  udle  sylvis ; 
flrondi  nemonim,  vw  eii  Vere  tument  terr»,  et  genitalia  semina.  poi 

Tum  pater  omnipotens  fcecundis  imbribus  i 
Conjugis  in  gremium  Isetas  descendit,  et  oi 
Magnus  alit,  magno  commixtus  corpore,  f 
Avia  tum  resonant  avibus  virgulta  canoris, 
Et  Venerem  certis  repetunt  armenta  diebu 
Parturit  almus  ager :  Zeph jrique  tepentib 

S31.  Onmibus  arvit     Laxant  arva  sinus :  superat  tener  omnibus 

Inque  novos  soles  audent  se  germina  tut6 

Credere  :  nec  metuit  surgentes  pampinus 

Aut  actum  coelo  magnis  Aquilonibus  imbr 

Sed  trudit  gemmas,  et  frondes  explicat  ora 

,.^*  .^**"  5^"*?*^®™°      Non  alios  prim^  crescentis  origine  mun< 

.»«?!.  J-1!l;J^  ™!!.*«*Y!  niuxisse  dies,  aliumve  habuisse  tenorem 
pnma  ongine  crescentis  ^      ,. ,     .       '         .n    « 

mundi,habuis8eveaUum  Credidenm  :  ver  illud  erat,  ver  magnus  a| 
tenorem :  illud  temptu  Orbis,  et  hybernis  parcebant  flatibus  Euri 
•rat  ver  Cum  primum  hicem  pecudes  hausere,  vird 

Ferrea  progenies  duris  caput  extulit  arvis, 
Immissseque  ferae  sylvis,  et  sidera  coelo. 
Nec  res  hunc  tenerae  possent  perferre  labc 

NOTES, 

319.  Rubmti:   blooming — ^bluehing;  in  zephyrs.    This  ie  eztreme 

the  eense  of  pvrpureo.  higlily  poetical. 

390.  Cantitda  avis :  the  Ciconia,  or  stork.        332.   Oermina,     The   1 

80  csteemed  wae  this  bird  on  accoimt  of  its  gramina,     Heyne  reads  gi 

deatroying   aerpenls   and  noxious  reptilea,  ,^^8,  Martyn,  Vomius,  and 

that  in  ThessalV,  Pliny  inform«  us,  it  was  a  ^^  game.     It  is  evidenUy 
capiUl  crimo  for  any  person   to  kiU  one;        3^    ^^^ ^^^     ^^ 

hence,  tmua  langucolubru,  ^       ^  ^^^  ^^^         ^^^^ 

f  ^'  ^?'^;''^^'^?^''^^^^^^^^^  happened  in  the%eign  of 

father  ^ther  deecends  into  the  bosom  of  his  ^f  l^^^hesealy,  of  which  he  ai 
joyoua  spouee  m  fructifymg  showere,  and  ^^  ^\    Burvivors 

great  himself  mingling  with  her  great  body,  ^        ^^^^j  destruction  of 

nounshes  all  her  oneprmg.  drected  bv  an  oracle  to 

Tliese  Unes  ajre  extremeW  beautifUl,  >s  ^    ^         'f  j^^;^  „, 

weU   .B    thw  whole  de«!nption  of  «prmg.  „„de„t„„d  to  be  stone.,  : 

The  « Aer  or  ur,  by  the  poeU, ..  frequcnt  y  j         ^,        ;  .^^^  ^;, 

calu*d  Jupiter,  on  account,  perhaps,  of  its  j  i      b    f 

great  utility,  and  ita  necewdty  to  life  and        341.  Durii  arvis:  ston) 

vegetation ;   and  becauae  of  the  intimate  because    they   sprang»  up 

eonnezion  between  the  surrounding  air  and  equipped  for  war. 
the  earth,  the  poet  represents  the  latter  as        343.  Ret  tenertB,    It  is 

Juno,  calling  it  the  spouse  of  Jove.  ther  tho  poct  here  speaki 

328.    ,^via     virgulta :    the    sequostered  crcation  of  the  world,  or  r 

^oods,  or  thicketfl.    Aviut  is  evidently  com-  scription  of  spring  in  gon< 

pounded  of  the   Greek  alpha^  negativum,  mer  case,  res  tcnera  will  h. 

and  vt«r,  a  way.    We  meet  wiih  several  in-  infant  creation ;    in  the  h 

stanccs  of  the  like  composition  in  the  Latin  productions  of  nature.     D 

langua^e :    as    dement^   of   de  and    mens^  in  this  latter  case,  and  \a 

ament^  Sic.  nerte^  frail,  an  epithet,  say 

331.  ^rva  /oximf,  &c.     The  fields  open  and  cver  will  be,  propcr  I 

thoir   boeoro    to  th»  warm  breezes  of  the  thinss.     Ruieus  secms  to  1 


GEOROieA    JJB.  ir.  tt. 

Dta  quies  ireti  fiigusque  caloremque 
exciperet  coeli  indulgentia  terras.  345 

(uperest ;  quaecumque  premes  virgulta  per  agroe, 
DM>  ptngui,  et  multk  memor  occule  terrft  : 

em  bibulum,  aut  squalentes  infode  conchas*  348.  Ixibde  itreum  c^ 

Q  labentur  aqusB,  tenuisque  subibit  Wbuhira    la^idem    «ut 

L^ue  animoB  toUent  sata  ;  jamque  reperti,   360  ^ZZeas^  '' 

super  atque  ingentis  pondere  testas  350.  ReperU  tunt  ho- 

:  hoc  efiusoe  munimen  ad  imbres ;  mfus^  qoi  urgerent  iUm 

hiulca  siti  findit  canis  aestifer  arva.  >uper  sazo,  atque 

bu8  podtis,  superest  deducere  terram  .^^  Hoc  e*/  munimeii 

1  capita,  et  duroe  jactare  bidentes ;  366  ^  f^^^L^^^^L^Sl 

^  ,       **   ,  . '  eif  fiiimtmen«  uDi  Bttuef 

K>  ezercere  solum  sub  vomere,  et  ipsa  cania  findit 

luctantes  inter  vineta  juvencos : 

is  calamos,  et  ras»  hastilia  virgSB,  358.  Si^erefltum  ap- 

sque  aptare  sudes,  furcasque  bicomes:  **"  viHbw 

oiti  quarum,  et  contemnere  ventoe  360 

nt,  summasque  sequi  tabulata  per  uhnos. 

m  prima  novis  adolescit  frondibus  stas, 

m  teneris  :  et  dum  se  Istus  ad  auras  363.   Parcendum    ut 

^t»  lazis  per  purum  immissus  habenis,  **^  teneria  vitUnu^  dum 

nondum  &lcis  tentanda  ;  sed  uncis  366  P"i2?  i_     ...  «««j„^ 

.,/.,.  ^     '       ,  ,  365.  Ipsavuwnondum 

B  roanibus  firondes,  mterque  legendaB.  t«itandaacie  falcii 

jam  vahdis  amplexe  stirpibus  ulmoe 

NOTES. 

.    Mtmifu  cdHktff  /MMr,  aays  he.  gating  the  vino  by  the  lajer,  the  top  was 

lowa  the  opinion  of  Dr.  Trapp,  placed  into  the  ground,  which  contequentljr 

lerte  re$  uaderstanda  the  young  became  the  root.    Rueoa  saTB,  radiees.  Bi- 

'  vegetation  in  general.    David-  dentes :  Bidena  waa  a  kind  of  rake  or  hooi 

bo  aame  opinion.    Hune  laborem :  having  two  teeth  or  foriis— a  grubbing  hoe ; 

ng,  vix.  the  eztremes  of  heat  and  compounded  of  bit  and  dent.    Seminihui 

poeitia:  in  the  eenae  of  turtuli»  defottit^  tcI 

ei^erei:  in  ihe  wmae  of  excepittei.  plantatit. 

i  the  prooeding  line,  for  imttei.        358.  HattUia :  polee  pointed  like  ■pears. 

r  had  mvored-^viaited.  /2aMe9tf;g-<e:  ofpeeledwood — thebarktakea 

anee.*  in  the  eenie  of  plantabi»^  off  to  render  them  more  emooth.     Vvrgu, 

ia  the  eenae  of  turculDt.  duortieatitt  aays  Rusub. 
tdt  bibuhm  lapidem :  bury  around        359.  Bieomet  fitreat :  two-pronged  fofka. 

fongj  ■tone,  and  rough  shelb.  Bieemte,  of  bit  and  eomu, 
mti»  haHiut^'  &o.     This  ie  aaid        360.  Q^uanm  viribut :  by  whoee  support 

rom  aa  opinion,  that  a  circulation  they  may  accuetom  themselves  to  rise,  or 

■t  tho  root  was  neceasary  to  the  mount  up. 

tbe  plant  or  seton.    8ata:  in  the        361.  Tlab%ilata.    These  were  branches  of 

trtMlL    Animot :  in  the  ■ense  of  elme  extended  at  proper  distances,  to  sus- 

tain  the  vine  and  enable  it  to  apread.     ^^o 

hmo  imbret:  ezceesive,  or  immo-  have  no  word  m  English  answering  to  it. 
la.  364.    Immittut   laxit  habenit  ■    rushiitg 

Uifer  eanit:  the  sultry  dog.  This  forth  with  loosened  reins.    Tbis  is  a  meta- 

■  the  mottth  of  the  great  dog,  a  phortakenfromthehorsesiatherace.  Agtl: 

on  ta  the  heavens.     It  is  saia  to  in  the  sense  of  erigil. 
isidcrable  influence,  while  in  con-        365.  Aeie  faleit.    This  is  the  reading  of 

itb  the  sun,  upon  the  heat  of  the  Hejme,  Valpj,  and  some  others.    Adet^  in 

This  space  of  time  is  usuaHy  the  nom.  is  the  common  readinff.    The  vine 

•d  tha  dog-days.    The  name  of  is  not  to  be  attempted  with  the  pnming* 

SirittM,  knife,  but  the  leaves  are  to  be  plucked  and 

|Mla  .'    here  plainly   means  the  carefully  cullcd  by  the  bending  nand,  t>i/er- 

leli  aia  so  called,  either  because  legendoi. 

ktj  draw  BoarishiDent  fiom  the         367.     Falidit    ttirpihu»  :    V\tYv   a\x\iiv% 

'  a  iMWih  ;  OT  becaaee»  by  propa-  wreaths— ■tems.    Stringt :  thm—  \i\tci  \>S. 


•ao  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

^^ 

Exierint ;  tum  stringe  comas,  tum  brae 

Ante  reformidant  ferrum :  tum  denique  dl 

Exerce  imperia,  et  ramos  compesce  fluehl 

S71.   Sepet  texondaB      Texends  sepes  etiam,  et  pecus  onrne  U 

mi  etrpte  viiet^  et  onme  PrsBCipue  dum  frons  tenera,  imprudensqiM 

peciui  tenendom  est  ab  ^^j^  ^^^^^  indignas  hyemes,  Solemque  pd 

Sylvestres  uri  assidue  capresque  sequacei 
Dludunt :  pascuntur  oves,  avidaeque  juvei 
376.  Nec  frigora  con-  Fngora  nec  tantum  cana  concreta  pruini 
«*vi.*^\.^SbeM  Aut  gravis  incumbens  scopulis  arentibus  I 
«lentibus  ■copuUs,  no-  Quantum  ilJi  nocuere  greges,  dunquo  veo 
oiere  vUUnu  tantilan,  Dentis,  et  admorso  signata  in  stirpe  cicati 
^uantiim  illi  greges        Non  aliam  ob  culpam  Baccho  caper  omd 

Gaeditur,  et  veteres  ineunt  proscenia  ludi ! 
Prsmiaque  ingeniis  pagos  et  compita  circ 
Theseidae  posuere  :  atque  inter  pocula  la 
Mollibus  in  pratis  unctos  saliere  per  utrei 
Necnon  Ausonii,  Troj^  gens  missa,  colon 
Vernbus  incomptis  ludunt,  risuque  soluto 
^  Oraque  corticibus  sunmnt  horrenda  cavat 
Et  te,  Bacche,  vocant  per  carmina  lieta,  1 
Oscilla  ex  alt^  suspendunt  mollia  pinu. 

NOTES. 

370.  Exeree  dura  tmperia :  ezercise  rigid  383.  77ieteid(B :  the  Atl 

■way — ^nile  them  imperiously.      FluerUes:  fVom  7%e«etM,  one  of  theii 

■nperfluous — ^wide-spreading.  JEgeus  and  iEthra.    He  ti 

372.  Imprudem  laJbwnim:  onused — ^onac-  in  cities,  and  contributed  : 
costomed  to  hardships.  vilization.    Tragedy  is  si 

373.  Indigfuu :  in  the  sense  of  durat^  vel  nated  among  the  Atheniai 
§avat,    Super :  in  the  sense  of  praier,  of  their  poets,  hath  the  h* 

376.  IUudunt :  in  the  sense  of  nocent.  iU    It  is  said  he  perfon 

377.  Oravit  ofMat :  excessive  heat.  cart. 

381.  Proteenia,    The  Roman  theatre  was  384.  Unetot  utret,    Thi 

of  a  semi-circular  form,  and  divided  into  ofgoatskinsfilled  withwl 

four  parts.     The  porticutj  or  gallery.    Here  wiUi  oil.     At  the  feasts  o: 

were  the  seats  for  the  common  people,  in  the  custom  to  leap  upon  tl 

the  form  of  a  wedge,  and  were  called  Cunei,  and  being  slippery,  oflen 

The  Orchettra  was  the  inner  part,  or  centre  or  dancer  to  fall,    whid 

of   the  theatre.     Here  tlie    senators    and  mirth  and  laughter  in  the 

equites  sat,  and  the  dancers  and  musicians  385.    Coloni,     Colonut 

performed.    The  Protcenium  was  the  space  tiller  of  the  earth,  and  ai 

between  the  Orehettra  and  Scena^  more  ele-  country.     In  this  last  sei 

vated  than  the  former,  but  lower  than  the  used  here,  denoting  the  ^ 

latter.     Here  the  actors  performed.    The  They  were  originally  a  (n 

Seena  was  that  part  over  against  the  specta-  led  into  Italy  by  iEneas. 

tors.     The  Pottteenium  was  the  place  be-  priety  of  their  being  callec 

hind  the  Seena^  or  curtain,  where  the  actors  Atuonii :  an  adj.  &om  A 

retired.    The  amphitheatre  was  built  in  a  nal  name  of  Italy :  in  the 

oiicular  form,  witJi  nothing  to  obstruct  the  vel  Itali, 

view  from  any  part.     Seats  were  all  around  386.  SohUo :  in  the  sen 

it,  and  in  the  middle  was  a  large  open  space  387.  Ora :  in  the  sense 

or  area,  where  the  gladiators  and  wild  beasts  389.  Otcilla,    Thesem 

Bsed  to  fight.  small  earthen  images  of  Bi 

Sas.  Ingeniit:  to  genius,  or  wit.    The  the  branches  of  trees,  w 

eommon  reading  is  ingentet^  an  epithet  en-  and  were  tumed  about  bt 

Hrely  useless.    Davidson,  on  the  authority  were  supposed  to  confern 

of  Pierius,  reads  tngeniit,     He  says    he  in  whatever  direction  th« 

foand  it  so  in  the  most  ancient  manuscripts.  their  faces.  MoUia :  move 

It  is  mlso  tbo  reading  of  Heyne  mnd  Bur-  tumed  easily,  and  obeyed 

namms.  poriiaps,  eieminate,  boot 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  IL  101 


;* 


BiDe  omnis  largo  pubeacit  Tinea  fietu :  890 

Coriiplentur  yallesque  cavaB  saltusque  profundi, 

Bt  qudcumque  Deus  circikm  caput  egit  honestum.  a8t.Etto«ii,qaocmD- 

Ergd  rite  Buum  Baccho  dicemus  honorem  ^"*  ^^  circumaRlt 

Cuminibus  patriia,  lancesque  et  liba  feremus ; 

Et  ductua  comu  stabit  sacer  hircus  ad  aram  :  396 

Pinguiaque  in  verubus  torrebimus  exta  columis 

J^t  etiam  ille  labor  curandis  vitibus  alter, 
Ciu  nunquam  ezhausti  satis  est ;  namque  omne  quotannis 
Terque  quaterque  solum  scindendum,  glcbaque  versis 
^temum  firangenda  bidentibus,  omne  levandum         400 
Fronde  nemus.     Redit  agricolis  labor  actus  in  orbem« 
Alque  in  se  sua  per  vestigia  volvitur  annus. 
Et  jam  olim  seras  posuit  cum  vinea  frondes, 
Frigidus  et  sylvis  Aquilo  decussit  honorem ; 
Jam  tum  acer  curas  venientem  extendit  in  annum      405 
Rusticus,  et  curvo  Satumi  dente  relictam 
Persequitur  vitem  attondens,  fingitque  putando, 
Primus  humum  fodito,  primus  devecta  cremato 
Sarmenta,  et  valloe  primus  sub  tecta  referto : 
Postremus  metito.     Bis  vitibus  ingmit  umbra :  410 

Bis  segetem  densis  obducunt  sentibus  herbsB : 

Dunis  uterque  labor.     Laudato  ingentia  mra,  413.   Aipora  Timina 

Exiguum  cohto.     Necnon  eUam  aspera  rusci  ^^^^  et  fluvialis  anmdo 

Vimina  per  sylvam,  et  ripis  fluviaUs  arundo  ceditor  ripis 

NOTES. 

aiwrmjm  rtpreMnted  u  joathful   and    de-  of  Satuni.    The  scythe,  or  pruning-houA, 

Wnehed.    Jaobiiia^  Baya  Heyne.  was  the  badflre  of  Saturn.    Relietam  :  de- 

390.  /Wu:  in  the  eenae  of  prooen/u,  says  prived  of  itn  nxiit  and  foliage,  hke  a  forlom 

Heyne.  mother  beroavcd  of  her  children.    Nothing 

393.  Honorem :  in  the  sense  of  laudes.  can  surpass  this  in  force  and  beautj.  DenU: 

396.  ColumiM  vervbui:  hazle-spits.   The  in  the  sense  offalce, 

faasle  seems  here  to  be  mentioned,  as  the  408.  Primus,    The  poet  here  advises  tlie 

instrament  on  which  the  sacriflce  was  to  be  vintager  to  be  the  first  to  perform  eveir 

roastod,  beeaose  It  was  injurious  to  the  vine.  piece  of  business  bclonging  to  his  vinejard ; 

Tbe  goat  wia  sacred  to  Bacchus,  and  usu-  such  as  digging  and  mellowing  the  ground, 

allj  oifered  to  hlm.    See  3S0,  supra.  carrying  home   and    ^uming    the   useleas 

397.  E$t  eiiam  iUe  aller :  there  is  also  branches  (tarmenta)  of  the  vine,  and  carry- 
■aother  labor.  Curandit :  in  the  sense  of  ing  home  and  securing  from  the  weather 
celgmtfg.  The  dat.  is  here  plainly  used  in  the  stakes  and  poles  {vaUot)  that  supported 
the  sense  of  the  gen.  But  this  construction  the  vine ;  but  to  be  the  last  to  gather  his 
m  eommoD  with  the  poets.  gr&pos,  as  tliey  would  grow  better  by  re- 

398.  Satis  exhautti :  enongh  of  pains  maining  on  the  vine,  and  having  a  longer 
taken.    Exhauttum^  thongh  properlj  a  part.    time  to  ripen. 

of  Uie  verb  exkaurio^  is  here  used  as  a  sub-  410.  Bit  umbraj  &c.    The  vine  requires 

•Inntive,  govemed  by  the  adv.  tatit,  to  be  cleared  of  its  superfluous  leaves  twice 

400.  JEtemitm:  in  the  sense  of  attidui.  in  the  season,  and  twice  to  be  cleared  of 
Bideniibut:  the  same  with /tfont^a.  Ae-  weeds  and  grass.  This  circumstance  wiU 
mmt:  in  the  sense  of  vinea^  vel  vinetum.  explain  the  words  of  the  poet. 

401.  Aetut  in  orbem:  that  is,  perpetuut^  411.  Sentibut:  with  weeds — briars. 
w^comiinuut:  because  there  is  no  end  or  412.  Laudato,    The  poet  here  means: 
lermination  in  a  circle.  you  maj  admire  a  large  farm,  but  be  sure 

40S.  Annui:  in  the  sense  of  annuut  la"  to  till  a  small  one:  or,  yoa  may  praise  a 

ier.  vel  anniMi  opera,    The  same  labor  or  large  one  in  the  possession  of  another,  but 

VOM  ie  to  be  done  every  year,  and  it  re-  you  should  prefor  a  small  one  yourself,  be- 

tane  in  the  same  order  and  course.  cause  you  will  find  it  in  the  end  more  pn>- 

404.  Deeutnthonorem:  hath  shaken  from  fitable. 
Ika  troee  their  beaaty  and  foliage.  413.  Rutei :  tlie  slyrub  caUed  the  Hutdier^ 

40i»  Cmnodentr:  with  the  crooked  knife  broora. 


'  102  F.  VfRGlLlI  MARONIS 

Cieditur ;  incultique  exercet  cura  salicfi. 

416  VitM  Tinct»  uZ-  Jam  vinctse  vites,  jara  &lcem  aiinista  rep 

«lU  j«m  rep&miniJkUem  j^jj^  ^^^  extremoa  cffoBtus  vinitor  antes 

Sollicitanda  tamen  tellus,  pulvisque  movc 
£t  jam  maturis  metuendus  Jupiter  uTia. 

Contra,  non  ulla  est  oleb  cuhuni :  neij 
Procurvam  expectant  falcem,  rastroeque 

422.  RadieeihvBaenint  Cum  semel  fasesenrat  arvis,  aunsque  tule 
arvw,  wr/ic«que  wrum  i^  gaiig  tellus,  cum  dente  recluditur  m» 
SlTum^Xdit^;'^^^  Suflicit  humorem,  et  gravidas  cto  vomei 
co  dente,  sufficit  humo-  Hoc  pmguem  et  placitam  paci  imtntor  o 
rem  satis  oleit:  et  tuffU  Poma  quoque,  ut  primum  truncoa  senser 
ciet  gravidos  firuges  cum  £t  vires  habuere  suas,  ad  sidera  raptun 
reeludUur  vomere:  vi  propria  nituntur,  opisque  haud  mdiga 

Nec  minus  intere&  foetu  nemus  omne  g 

Banguineisque  inculta  rubent  aviaria  bao 

Tondentur  cytisi:  iiedas  sylva  aHa  mmisi 

432.  jB  quibut  noctur-  Pascunturque  ignes  nocturni,  et  lumina  j 

■*  **•■  Et  dubitant  homines  serere,  atque  impen 

Quid  majora  sequar  ?  sahces,  hnmilesqui 

Aut  ills  pecori  firondem,  aut  pastoribus  i 

Sufficiunt ;  sepemque  satis,  et  pabula  mf 

439.  Juvat videi^itrva  S*  juvat  undantem  buxo  spectare  Cytona 

mm  obnoxU  rastrii,  non  Naryciaeque  picia  lucos  :  juvat  arva  videi 

alli  cuns  hominum.        Non  rastns,  hominum  non  ulli  obnoxia  c 

NOTES, 

415.  Salieti:  willow-ground.  Thepron.  coniidering  it  u  an  fa; 
le,  is  to  be  supplied  after  exereei.  that  the  fruit  would  be  a 

416.  Rqtonunt,  In  the  language  of  po-  the  ploughing.  Statim 
•trj,  the  vines  are  said  to  laj  aside  the  eajs  Ruapus. 

pruning  knife,  wben  they  no  longer  stand        425.  H6e :  with  this — 

in  need  of  its  being  applied  to  them.     This  hoe^  according  to  Servii 

takes  place  when  tfaej  have  sufficiently  em-  this  facility  in  propagaUn 

braced  or  entwined  around  tfae  elms,  aud  delighting  in  peace. 
other  trees  planted  in  the  vineyard  for  the        426.  Poma :  the  fruite 

purpose  of  supporting  them.     FinetcB:  in  the  trees  tfaat  bore  them. 
the  sense  of /^a/ce^  says  Rueus.    Arbutta:        429.  Omnenemu»:  Hf 

in  the  sense  ofvineta,    See  Ecl.  i.  40.  nut  arbonan, 

417.  Effatut  vinitor :  the  wearied  vinta-        431.  Cyiiti  ionderUur, 
ger  sings  nis  last  rows — that  he  hath  gotten  either  browsed  upon  by 
io  his  last  rows.    Pervenii  ad  extremot  W'  prepared  for  their  use. 
dinet  (antet)  viiium^  says  Heyne.  Bhrub  much  esteemed  i 

419.  Jupiter:  tbe  air,  or  weather.  causing  cattle  to  give  ex 

423.  Uneodenie,  /^eiu  is  any  instrument  dat:  torches— materialsl 
of  one  tine  or  fbrk  for  opening  the  earth  433.  Sertre :  to  plant  i 
about  the  roots  of  treee  or  plants,  or  for  434.  Salieet:  thewillo 
loosening  the  ground  in  any  way.  The  brooms.  Sequar  mafon 
meaninf  of  the  poet  is :  that  the  earth  of  eommemorem  majoret  arhi 
itself,  if  opened  and  kept  loose  witfa  this  in-  436.  Pabuia  melli :  nu 
strument,  will  afford  sufficient  moisture  to  flowers  for  the  bees. 

the  olives    (juUii)    lately  planted;    but  if  437.  Cytormm:  Cytor 

opened  and  kept  looee  with  tfae  plough,  it  Paphlagonia,  in  the  nej 

will  render  the  oUve  more  thrifty,  and  cause  Euzine  sea,  abounding  u 

it  to  bear  a  fruit  fiill,  large,  and  good.  438.  Naryeitt:  an  adj 

Ploughing  the  land,  says  Mr.  Martyn^is  al*  JiaryeiA,  a  city  in  that  | 

ways  considered  to  increase  tfae  produce  of  Magna  Oracia.    It  abov 

tfae  olive.    This  circumstance  fully  ezplains  pitch  and  resinous  kind. 

Cfae  poct^s  meaning;   which   Rusus,  and  439.  Jfon  '  obnoxia :   1 

Br.  Trapp  after  fami,  evidently  jybitook,  ospoeed  ^o.    Rumu  mep 


GBOROICA.    LIB.  H. 


IM 


raucaaeo  sterileii  m  vertice  8ylv8e« 

Lniiiiosi  £uri  tsaidue  £ranguntque  feruntqoai 

boe  alie  fcetus ;  dant  utile  lignum 

is  ^iBoa,  domibus  cedrosque  oupreseosque* 

adioB  trivMe  Tolie,  liinc  tymf>ana  plaustris 

»1«^,  et  paadas  ratibue  posuere  carinas. 

Um  ealioes  fieoundie,  firondibus  ulmi : 

rtus  validis  hastilibus,  et  bona  bello 

3 ;  Itjreos  tazi  torquentur  in  arcus. 

is  ]eve&,  aut  tomo  rasile  buxum, 

•nnam  accipiunt,  ferroque  cavantur  acuto. 

n  et  torreiitem  undam  levis  innatat  alnus 

Pado ;  necnon  et  apes  examina  condunt 

busque  eavis,  vitiosa^que  ilicis  alveo. 

lemorandum  eque  Baccheia  dona  tulerunt  ? 

is  et  ad  culpam  causas  dedit :  ille  furentes 

tros  leto  domuit,  Rhcetumque,  Pholumque, 

pao  Hylieum  Lapithis  cratere  minantem. 

rtunatos  nimium,  sua  si  bona  norint, 

las!  quibus  ipsa,  procul  discordibus  armis, 

humo  facilem  victum  justissima  tellus. 

ingentem  foribus  domus  alta  superbis 

adutantOm  totis  vomit  sedibus  undam ; 

rios  inhiant  pulchri  testudine  postes, 

lue  auro  yestes,  Ephyreiaque  sra ; 

eque  Ass^rrio  fbcatur  lana  veneno, 

sia  liqnidi  corrumpitur  usus  oKvi : 

NOTE8. 


440 

442.  Dant  &liot  foBtot: 

mlie  dant  pinoi,  lignoiii 

utile  navigiiii,  tduB  dani 

cedroM|Ue  eujwtsof  quo, 

^^^  Hgnum  uiiU  domibua : 

447.  Myrtus  e«/  bona 
validis  hastilibus. 


449.  NecnoB  levss 


450 


454.   Quid    Baccheia 
455  <^ona  tulerunt  mqu^  me- 
morandum  ? 


460 

461.  Si  apud  iUot  alta 
domus  ciim  auperbia  fo- 
ribua  non  vomit  ingen* 
tem  undam  Aomtnuiiiaa- 
lutantAm  man^  i  totie 

465  Bdibua;  nec  iiU  in  hiant 


CmmoMo:  an  a^j.  from  Caueanu^  a 
in,  or  rather  range  of  mountaina, 
if  from  the  Eujdne  to  the  Caspian 

ryHoana:  the  naTes  or  felloes  of  the 
B  wJiich  the  (radii)  spokes  are  fast- 
3«me  take  the  fympanum  to  be  a 
leel,  or  one  without  spokes.  TVivire : 
snse  of/eeeruni^  vel  iomaveruni, 
Beiio :  for  war — ^the  implements  or 
I  of  war.  M  aHa  armm^  says  Rueus. 
ihfretoe:  an  adi.  irom  //ynst,  a  peo- 
i^arthia,  according  to  Servius;  but 
%j  of  Syria,  fiunous  for  ahootinf  tlie 
snutf.*  the  coraeil-tree,  or  wild  chor- 

Taxi:  the  yew-trees.  Buxum:  the 
t,  or  bos-wood.  Pierius  found,  iL 
eient  manuscripts,  eurvanlur  for  tor'- 

lUuDus  9M.yoyJleciuntur. 
SinuM:    the    alder-tree,    of  which 
mrm  at  first  made.    Thej  were  dug 
be  aolid  wood.    Pado :  the  Po,  the 
iwmr  in  Italjr,  pnt  for  any  river. 
§ioeo:  cavitjr. 

Ueatorandum:  in  the  sense  of  dig- 
tfe,  or  simpl/,  laudandum, 
Teniawro» — Lanilhie,  These  were 
if  Thessaljr,  the  former  inhabiting 
Pelion,  the  latter  mount  Pindus. 
A  here  mentioiis  the  principal  or 

Ihe  Centaiurs  only. 


459.  Diteordilnu  armit:  not  wars,  for  tliat 
would  not  be  strictlT  true.  Thej  rage  in 
the  country,  as  well  as  city ;  but  ratber 
factions,  quarrels,  and  evU  commotions, 
which  are  niore  frequent  in  cities  and  popa- 
lous  towns,  than  in  the  country. 

460.  Faeilem:  easy  procured.  Jueiitn^ 
ma :  the  earth  may  be  considerod  most  just, 
because  it  retums  what  is  committed  to  it, 
with  a  liberal  reward.  /Vtfuii/:  in  the  sense 
of  produeii, 

461.  Si  non^  &c  It  was  a  custom  among 
the  Romans,  for  clients  and  dependanta  to 
come  early  in  the  moming  to  salate  their 
patrons.  Undam:  in  the  sense  of  muiii'' 
ludinem, 

463.  Varios :  in  the  senee  of  oarialof. 

464.  lUmaa  auro:  embroidered  with  goM. 
Ephyrna:  an  adj.  from  Ephyra,  the  <Mwi- 
nal  name  of  Corinth.  Rucus  says,  Cs- 
rinthia, 

465.  AHjfrio  veneno:  with  the  Syrian,  or 
purple  color.  The  invention  of  the  por* 
ple,  and  the  method  of  d^g  that  eolor 
are  attributed  to  the  Synans,  or  Phosni 
cians.  Photnicia  was  a  part  of  that  region 
of  Asia,  called  Syria ;  sometimee  Aseyna, 
CoBlosyria,  and  Leucosyria.  Syria  and  As- 
syria  were  frequently  confoundod. 

466.  Caeid :  the  bark  of  a  tree,  or  alinibi 
in  India,  need  «■  a  sj^os— AiiaUx4  cm&^ 


m  P.  VIRGIUI  MARONI8 

467.  At  «piof  ittot  se*  At  secura  quies,  et  nescia  fiJlere  ▼Ha, 
cura  qaiee  Divcs  opum  ▼aiiarum ;  at  latis  otia  iuiidisi 

Speluncs,  vivique  lacus ;  at  fiigida  Temp< 
Mugitusque  boum,  mollesque  sub  aibore  8 

471.  Ule  iuni  nltot  Non  absunt.     lUic  saltus,  ac  lustra  ferann 

£t  patiens  operum  parvoque  assueta  juvm 
Sacra  DeOm,  santique  patres.    Extrema  p 
Justitia  excedens  terris  vestigia  fecit. 
Me  ver6  primum  dulces  ante  omnia  Mu 

476.  Perealsatingenti  Quarum  sacra  fero,  ingenti  perculsus  amoi 
■more  earum  Accipiant ;  coBlique  vias  et  sidera  monstre 

Defectus  SoUs  varioe,  Lunieque  labores : 
Unde  tremor  terris :  qui  vi  maria  aita  tun 
Objicibus  ruptis,  rursusque  in  seipsa  resida 
Quid  tantum  Oceano  properent  se  tingere 
Hybemi :  vel  quae  taniis  mora  noctibus  ol 
Sin,  has  ne  possim  naturae  accedere  partee 
Frigidus  obstiterit  circum  precordia  sangi 
Rura  raihi  et  rigui  placeant  in  vallibus  am 

NOTE8. 

moB.    The  anciente  nsed  it  to  flavor  their  It  rises  with  the    mounti 

•iL    Liquidi :  in  the  sense  of  vuru  rushes  against  the  opposing 

467.  Vtta  nueia  fdlere :  a  ufe  knowing  it  is  stopped  in  ite  course 
BOt  to  deeeive — a  life  of  substantial  happi-  gathering   strength  from 
iiess,  m   opposition  to  that  of  cities  and  waters,  it  bursts  the  barrien 
courts,  which  is  showy,  false,  and  deceit-  thing  in  its  course.     Fi^: 
Ail.  violence  or  force,  but  the 

468.  Latis :  some  copies  have  latit,  cient  cause  of  the  rising  of 
Heyne  taJies  it  in  the  sense  of  aperlit  vel  true  cause  of  the  ebbing 
patentihut,  the  tide  was  not  known,  ( 

469.  Tenipe :  neu.  plu.     A  most  pleasant  Sir  Isaac  Newton  placed 
vale  in  Thessaly,  surrounded  by  the  moun-  He  demonstrated  it  to  be 
tains  Ossa,  Pelion,  and  Olympus.   The  river  the   heavenly   bodies,   pai 
Peneus  flows  through  it.     The  poet  here  moon. 

means  any  pleasant  vale,  putting  the  jpertM  481.  Quuf  /an/t<m,  &c. 

for  the  genus.     Vivi  laeut :  in  Sie  sense  of  speaks  of  winter  and  sumi 

perennit  aqua,    Frigida  Tempe^  for  umbrota  be  the  reason,  why  the  wi 

vallet.  quick  in  ending ;   and  whi 

474.  Juttfliti :  the  groddess  Attma.  See  off,  or  retard  the  approad 
Ed.  iv.  6.  nights.     What  may  be  thi 

475.  Verh  primvm  ante :  but,  in  the  first  days  in  summer  are  so  loi 
place,  above  all  things,  may  the  sweet  the  sense  of  oeeidere, 
muees  accept  of  me,  whose  sacred  ensigns,  484.  Sin  frigidut  tangt 
Ise.  Though  the  poet  praises  the  country  blood  around  my  heart  sho 
Kfe  so  much,  he  prefers  the  charms  of  poe-  could  not,  &c.  Secundum 
try,  and  the  noble  entertainments  of  science,  eunt  ttultot  hominet  ette  fl 
puticularlyphilosophy  andastronomy.  The  nit^  prudentet  ealidi.  Und 
miues  presided  not  only  over  poetry,  but  btu  jam  friget ;  ei  pueri^  « 
also  over  the  sciences  and  liberal  arts.  The  ealet^  minut  tapiunt ;  sayi 
poets  called  themselves  the  priests  of  the  eordia:  properfy  a  membi 
muses.  Hence  the  propriety  of  quarum  the  heart,  and  separating  i' 
merafero,  It  is  taken  oflen  for  the  hea 

4Tf.  Viat  ei  tidera  eoH :  fai  the  sense  of  present  instance. 

twnut  tiderum  in  ettlo,  485.  Rigui  :  in  the  sense 

479.  Unde  tremor  lerrit :  whence  earth-  meaning  of  the  poet  appea 

qiiakefl  arise :  by  what  power  the  deep  seas  he  had  not  capacity  for  th( 

«well.     Objidbut  ruptit :  its  barriers  being  of  philosophy  and  astronoi 

brokeu  down.    The  poet  is  speaking  of  the  tire  into  the  country^and  th 

ebbing  and  flowing  nf  the  tide.     He  hath  unheeded  and  unknown,  i 

ia  his  view  the  Bwelling  of  a  mighty  stream.  lights. 


GRORGICA.    LIB.  U.  IM 

oa  amem  syWaaque  inglorius.    O  ubi  campi,  486.  O  n  uaem^  ubi 

kiuaque,  et  nrginibus  bacchata  LacaBnis  S '^^rohP^et^TlT'^* 

rta  •  6  qui  me  gelidia  in  valUbus  H«mi  P^^  '^^  ^^     l 

,  et  mgenti  raroorum  protegat  umbra !  aistat  uie 

ix,  qui  potuit  ronma  cognoscere  causas,  490     490.  lUe  at  Mix^  qoi 

(  metus  omnea  et  inexorabile  fatum  potuit 

:it  pedibus,  strepitumque  Acherontis  avari ! 

oatus  et  ille,  Deos  qui  novit  agrestes, 

[ue,  Sylvanumque  senem,  Njrmphasque  sorom  i 

non  populi  fiisces,  non  purpura  regum  486 

,  et  infidos  agitans  discordia  fratres  ; 

onjurato  deacendens  Dacus  ab  Istro  : 

es  RomaniB,  perituraque  regna :  neque  ille, 

oluit  miserans  inopem,  aut  invidit  habenti. 

rami  fructus,  quos  ipsa  volentia  rura  600 

e  tulere  su^,  carpsit ;  nec  ferrea  jura, 

imque  forum,  aut  populi  tabularia  vidit. 

IJcitant  alii  remis  freta  caeca,  ruuntque 

rum,  penetrant  aulas  et  limina  regum. 

NOTES. 

0«  ubi — O  quit  fte.    These,  as  Mr.  497.  Daetu,  The  Dtteii  were  a  pouple  la* 

lon  justly  observes,  are.not  qaestions,  habiting  tiie  nortli  of  the  Dannbe,  or  Ister, 

eiu  and  Dr.  Trapp  both  take  them;  verj   troublesome  to  the  Romans.      /tlro 

elamations,  which   in  all  languages  eonjurato :  the  conapiring,  or  leagued  Dan- 

lallv  eiliptica).    Campi:  2>m/>e,those  ube.    The  name  of  the  river  put  for  the 

it  nelds  of  Theflealy  are  undoubtedly  people  living  near  it,  by  meton.     The  Dan- 

sd.     Snerehiut :  a  river  of  Thessaly,  ube  is  one  of  the  largest  rivers  in  Europe. 

it  the  foot  of  mount  Pindus^  and  falls  It  rises  in  Germany,  and  taking  an  easterl}' 

e  Sintu  MeUiaeut.  course,  it  falls  into  the  Euxine  sea  by  nx 

Tttjigeta :  neu.  pleu.  a  mountain  of  mouths,  at  a  distance  of  about  1600  milee 

A,  faroous  for  huuting,  and  the  cele-  from  ita  source. 

i  of  the  orgie*  of  Bacchus:   hence,  493.  Re»  Romana:  the  Roman  repubUc. 

kus  iHtechaia  Laeanis ;  frequent«d  by  it  ig  opposed  to  regna  pentura.     The  for- 

icoman  or  Spartan  virgins.    Hionu  mer  they  vainly  imagined  would  alwavs  en- 

Bor.  L  49.  dure;  while  kingdoms  would  fall,  and  theii 

jffJurontit:    Adieron,   a  fabulous  names   be  forgotten.     Flexerunt  iltum.   i» 

t  bell.     It  seems  here  to  be  put  for  imderstood 

In  th»t  MDM  the  epithet  avaHi,  gg    ^^/  .  ^           ^   ^^^          ^  ^ 

roper     SlrepUum,kc.  w.U  thenmeen  ^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^j,  countrym,m  po»eMed  • 

■e  or  tumultuous  drcad  generally  oc-  «-i.     «u        u*u        jju-- 

j  *i-         u  .u    r         r  -I     .u      r\-  :♦  sloical  apathj,  which  rendered  hmi  msonsi- 

»d  throunh  th.  fear  of  deaU.      Or.  .t  ^ ^      ^^  ^^    ^^  ^^^      ,^       ,    ^ 

«an,  the  no»e,  tumu  t,  u>d  burtle  of  ^^^  ^^^\     ^^  country,  there  rera 

«i.»l  repon.  gener«lly      In  this  U.t    ^  ^  wretched- 

tdur^u  wUl  me«.  holl,  or  the  uifer-    ^^  ^^  „^^  ^i,  ^f^  and  compa«i.ou :  or 

''^.^SrSL  u.  31.  JV«B,A«  ~-  "  '•!!!''  ^*"  °r  *''"°'i'°  ~"H'"'~"  }°  ^» 
o  ri  "  ^«T^c^  '^u  r  1  nnmber  >n  citiea.  In  thu  very  cirrum- 
Se.  EcL  u.  48.    S]^um.   bee  EcL    ^^^^  ^,  «»  a  high  commen^tion  of  • 

/fon  faeeet  populi :  not  the  honors  w^ 

people,  nor  the  purple,  &c    The  Ro-        ^l-  Ferrea  jura :  the  same  as  duras  ie- 

Xtrates  were  chosen  by  the  peo-  S^' 

Comitia.    The  /iwc«,  properly,  502.    Intanum :    noisy— tumultuous,  or« 

boniUe  of  birchen  rods.    The  dicU-  perhaps,  htigious.     Tatfularia.  The  tahult^ 

1 14  of  these  rods->the  consuls  12—  ^^^  ^^  *  pl""»  **  Rome,  in  which  tU 

wineaal  pretors  6— the  city  prntors  piblic  records  wero  kept,  and  the  accomkto 

ich  were  carried  before  them  by  per-  ^^  ^®  P^hHc  money  receivMi,  and  paid  oiit. 

who  were  called  Uctors.    Fateet  is  ^^  answers  to  our  treaaury  office.     Ceteuf  m 

atly  put  for  the  power  and  authority  ^®  «®"«®  of  ignoi<^' 

mtfgistrate^  by  meton.    Flexit :  in  50<t.  Penetrant^  &c.     Intinuani  tn  ynm* 

me  <M  movet.  cipibut.  ui  intimiJiaiU^  Ba^a  S  irr\n». 


tOb  P.  VLRGlLn  MARON18 

Hic  petit  eicidiis  nrbem  miBeroflque  Petitttt 
Ut  gemnii  bibat^  et  Samno  ind<»t^&t  OGitri 
Gondit  opes  alitus,  defoaBoque  incubftt  witoi 
Hic  stupet  attonitus  rostris :  hunc  phiusus  I 
Per  cuneos  (geminatur  enim)  plebtsque  pnl 
610.  Alii  ^udentper*  Corripuit ;  gaudent  perftisi  sanguine  fhttmi 

fu8i  Exilioque  domos  et  dulcia  limina  miltant, 

Atque  alio  patriam  qusenmt  eub  Sole  jacedl 
Agricoia  incurro  terram  dimovit  aratro : 
614.    Hinc  eil  l&bor  jji,j^,  ^nni  labor :  hinc  p&triam,  panroequei 

iniu :  hmc  agrteoia  bub-  gug^j^g^ .  f^^  armenta  boum,  meritoeqoe  j 

616.  Nec  reqoiefl  eti  Nec  requies ;  quin,  aut  pomis  exuberet  ani 
«•mm;  ^uin  Aut  f(£tu  pecorum,  aut  Cereahs  mergite  ce 

Proventuque  oneret  sulcos,  atque  horrea  vi 
Venit  hyems ;  teritur  Sicyonia  bacca  trapel 
Glande  sues  Isti  redeunt :  dant  arbuta  ^rh 
Et  varios  ponit  foetus  autumnus  ;  et  alte 
Mitis  in  apricis  coquitur  vindemia  saxis. 
#23.  DuloeBnati  pen-  Jnterea  dulces  pendent  circum  oscula  nati! 
diint^       o«.ula  pa^  ^^^^  pudicitiam  seryat  domus  :  ubera  vao 

Lactea  deinittunt :  pinguesque  in  gramine  ! 
Inter  se  adversis  luctantur  comibus  hcedi 

NOTES. 

6U6.  PenaUM,    These  weve  thebousehoM  geminaiw  per  euneot:  for 

fods;  and   were  thoiurht  to  premde  over  or  repeateu  along  the  cum 

housef  juid  domestic  anaira.    Their  statues  seats  in  the  back  part  of  tlu 

or  images  were  usuallj  made  of  wax,  ivory,  priated  to  the  common  peo| 

•ilver,  or  earth,  and  generally  placed  in  the  See  381.  supra.  Hwnc:  in  th 

umermost  part  of  the  house:  hence  that  Geminatur,   HeynereadsG 

place  was  called  Penetrale:  and  they  were  ing  with  plaunu;  without 
called  Bometimes,  from  that  circumstance,        512.  Sub  alio  sole :  unde: 

Penetrales.     They   were   worshipped  with  in  anothor  clime.    This  ii 

wine,  incense,  fruits,  and  sometimes  with  highly  poetical. 
the  sacrifice  of  a  lamb.    Penaiet^  by  meton.        516.  Jfec  requiet:   there 

it  used  for  one^s  country,  habitation,  house,  the  year  abounds  either,  &€ 

or  dwelling :  and  sometimes  for  the  family,  is  extromely  beautiful  anc 

or  inhabitants,  as  in  the  present  instance.  poei  reprcsents  the  year  as  1 

8ee  Mn,  ii.  717.  intermlssion,  in  bringing  fc 

606.  Sarrano  ottro :  upon  Tyrian  purple.  tions.     Huibus  refers  the  w 

Sarrano^  an  adj.  from  Sarra^  the  ancient  passage    to  the  husbandn 

name  of  Tyre.     Oemma :  a  cup  made,  or  agricola  donec  annut  dbum 

set  with  gems.  But  he  gives  no  reason  foi 

608.  Rostrxt,  The  Rottrum  was  the  place  in  the  sense  of  donec, 
of  common  pleas,  at  Rome,  so  called,  as        517.  Mergite  Cerealit  a 

Livy  informs  us,  from  this  circumstance :  dles  or  sheaves  of  grain. 
The  Jlntiaiet^9,  maritime  people  ofLatiumy        519.  Sicyonia:  anadj.  ft 

being  overcome  by  the  Romans;  to  perpetu-  of  Achaia,  not  far  frora  thi 

ate  the  memory  of  the  victory,  they  placed  rinth,   abounding  in  olivi 

the  bealts  of  their  ships  (rottra)  around  the  the  olivc. 
fuggesiuMy  or  place  of  pleading,  by  way  of        520.  Arbuia :  properly 

omamcnt.      Hie  tiupet :    tliis  one  stands  arbute  tree.     Here,  peihaf 

amazed,  being  astonished  at  the  courts  of  fhiit  in  general.    Laii :  ia 

jttstice.    Plautut  pairumque  plebitque^  &c.  turati, 
U  appears  that  the  ordera  of  patricians  and        521.  Poniifteiut:  in  thfl 

plebeians  expressed  their  approbation  by  reddit fructut. 
tnms.    If  we  suppose  the  patricians,  who        524.   Catta  domut:  the 

oecupied  the  Orckettra^  or  the  part  of  tlio  preserves,  &c.    6y  being  tr 

theatr6  near  the  stage,  to  be  the  firat;  this  and  good  order,  they  are  \ 

will  givo  a  reason  for  the   words,    entm  losing  their  virtue,  or  char 


Unaque  dieiu»- 


OEcmaicA.   Liit.  u.  wi 

igitat  festos :  fususque  per  herbam^ 

in  medio,  et  socii  cratera  coronant,  *^*  ^^  ^  fe*^' 

i,  LenaBO,  vocat :  pecorisque  magistriff 

aculi  certamina  ponit  in  uimo,  530 

|ue  agresti  nudat  prsedura  palsestr^. 

>lim  veteres  vitam  coluere  Sabini, 

mus  et  frater :  sic  fortis  Etruria  crevit,  533.  Remas  et  ffait«r 

t  rerum  facta  est  ^ulcherrima  Roma,  ^  Honmhu  eoluenmi 

le  ima  sibi  muro  circumdedit  aroes.  635  ^^ 

m  sceptrum  Dictaei  regis,  et  ante  ^^^  septem' 

am  csesis  gens  est  epulata  juvencis ; 

anc  vitam  in  terris  Satumus  agebat. 

etiam  audierant  inflari  classica,  necdum  539.   Neodum  etka 

I  duris  crepitare  incudibus  enses.  540  Aemtne* 

is  inmiensum  spatiis  confecimus  oequor,  54S.  Tempu  ai  sol- 

)mpus  equikn  fumantia  solvere  colla.  vm  d  jugo 

NOTES. 

iiat:  in  the  ■enee  ofeelebrat,  Fu-  Dicte^  a  place  in  the  island  of  Crete,  wlMm 

9  senM  of  stratuM,  it  is  naid,  he  wae  nourished  and  broufhl  op 

ronani :  they  fill  up  to  the  brim.  by  the  Corybantes  or  Curetes. 
j4Estra :  this  may  mean  either  the        gefore  the  reign  of  Jove,  and  befoM  th« 

»elf,  or  the  place  of  exercise.  mipious  race  of  men  fed   upon   bullooks 

bini.     An  ancient  people  of  Itoly,  giain,  golden  Satum  M  thie  life  upon  tho 

jig  women  were  seized  by  the  Ro-  «arth.     This  is  a  beautiful  aUuaion  to  the 

certain  shows  or  exhibitions,  to  golden  age.     SeeEcl.iv.6.    Jigebai :  iniiM 

y  had  been  invited.     Upon  this,  genae  of  dueebat, 

ts  made  war  upon  them  to  avenge         _«•    ^ .     ..^    ^    -    . . 

ous   deed.     A  treaty  of  amity,  ^y^  g^yg  Hevne 
was  concluded  between  the  two       ^^     ^        ^     '         , 
nd  in  the  event  they  became  one        ^l-  ^^  ^-    This  is  an  allegory  takcn 

'^oluere :  they  religiously  observed,  ^^^^  *he  chariot  race.     By  eonfecimus  aquor 

^  immentum  tpafiit^  the  poet  may  mean  that 

ruria :  the  same  as  Tuteia^  Tus-  ^^  had  run  over  a  plain  not  measured  by 

ountry  in  Italy,  separated   from  Bta^e»;  w  one  which  did  not  lie  within  ike 

r  the  Tyber.  limits  or  bounds  of  liis  proposed  race  cr 

iheei  e/,  &c.  What  is  here  said  of  course.      In  this  sense,    divested    of  the 

I  literally  true  m  the  time  of  Vir-  fi&»re,  it  will  be  :  I  have  now  finished  my 

Es  then  in  all  its  glory,  and  was  digression  into  the  praisee  of  a  country  life, 

ronder  of  the  world  :  Rerum :  r«  i^  "  ^»«>e  to  lay  aeide  my  pen.     Rueus  in- 

iriety  of  significations.     Here  it  terpreU  tpatiii  by  longitudine,  and  under- 

means  the  world,  or  the  whole  "^nds  by  aquor  immentum  tpatOa,  a  plain 

immeasurable  in  length. 

a  eireumdedit,  Thewallsof  Rome  Each  course  of  chariots  in  the  racewia 

seven  hills,  when  that  city  was  in  called  tpatitm,    This  was  repeated  mwm 

of  its  glory.     Their  names  were :  times.     Hence  tpatia^  the  plural,  came  to 

»  CceiiuA^  Ct^niolinut^  Aventinut^  signify  the  race  ground.    Cum  teptimo  tpaHo 

R,  Qiitn'fM/tf,  and  Viminalit.  palma,  appropinquani, 

tti  tteptrum :  before  the  reign  of  The  startmg  place  was  caUed  earetr^  «Bd 

m  king.    Jupiter  is  so  called  from  the  tuming  place  meta, 

QUESTIONS. 

( tbo  subject  of  this  book?  How  many  kinds  of  ■oil  doee  ha  makmf 

oee  the  poet  do  in  the  first  place  ?        "Where  doee  the  Gaiifee  riee  ? 

any  methode  does  he  mention  for        What  is  its  length  ? 

^tion  of  trees  ?  What  is  it  considered  to  be,  bj  tho  nhaU- 

1  the  differenoe  between  grafling  tants  upon  its  banks? 

ation  ?  Where  doee  it  empty  i 

t  is  the  propago  or  layer  the  best  ?        What  did  the  anoients  eaU  the  bay  f 

le  several  kindfl  of  trees,  and  the        What  city  now  stands  near  the  moQth  of 

»f  producing  them,  what  does  the  this  river?  ,' 

lor  in  the  nezt  place  ?  Of  what  ooQ&trr  w«a  Hemiu  n  i&na^ 


198  P.  YiaGILU  MAKONIS 

"What  river  did  it  receiTe  in  its  couree  f  Bj  whom  were  tliej  euriij 

What  was  the  Paeiolut  celebrated  for  ?  For  what  is  the  word  fiuoi 

Where  did  these  rivers  empty  ?  ton.  f 
What  was  the  Arg^oaautic  expedition?  Who  were  the  Dneitt 

Why  was  it  so  called  ?  Where  did  they  inhabit  ? 

Who  commanded  that  ezpedition  ?  Where  doea  the  river  /tfer  ] 

AHiere  waa  Colchis?  What  coune  does  it  nin?  . 

What  was  the  object  of  that  expedition  ?        Where  doee  it  emptjr  ? 
How  is  thig  fable  to  be  understood  ?  What  is  its  length  ? 

How  manj  accompanied  Jason  ?  Who  were  the  PefUBlet.' 

What  direction  does  the  poet  give  for        How  were  they  repreeentoi 

planting  trees  ?  Where  were  their  statuee  | 

How  flhould  the  rows  be  arranged  ?  What  were  they  ■ometinM 

Among  whatpeopledid  scenic  repreaenta-  that  circumetance  ? 

tions  originate  ?  For  what  ia  the  word  takfll 

Wh j  were  the  Athenians  called  Thtteida  f        Whj  was  the  place  of  coot 

Who  may  be  conaidered  the  inventor  of  Rome,  called  Rottrvm  ? 

traffedy  ?  What  was  the  word  Rotin 

What  did  he  make  uee  of  as  a  stage  ?  Who  were  the  Sabinet  ? 

Whatwastheformof  the  Romantheatre?        Did   the  Roraans  offer  «i 

Into  how  many  parts  was  it  divided  ?  their  young  women  ? 
What  wa«  the  form  of  the  amphitheatre  ?        What  was  the  event  of  thi 
What  wae  the  original  name  of  Italy  ?  How  many  hills  did  the  i 

Why  were  the  Romans  sometimefl  called  encompass  ? 

Autonetf  What  were  they  called  ? 

What  do  you  understand  by  the  word        How  many  courees  were  tl 

flmetf  riotrace? 

How  many  of  theee  rods  were  carried  b»-        How  does  the  boolL  «nd  ? 

im  the  Roman  magiBtrates  ? 


lilBER  TERTIUS. 

• 

Tfll  miDJect  of  this  book  is  the  raising  of  cattle.  The  poet  begins  with  a 
•ome  of  the  rural  deities,  and  a  compUment  to  Augustus.  Af\er  whic 
himself  tn  his  friend  Mscenas.  He  then  proceeds  to  givo  rules  for  tl 
management  of  horses,  oxen,  sheep,  and  goats.  And,  by  way  of  epiw 
liahment,  he  gives  us  a  description  of  a  chariot  race,  of  a  battle  of  bullsi 
love,  and  of  a  Scythian  winter.  He  enumerates  the  diseases  incident  to 
■cribes  their  remedies  :  and  concludes  by  giving  an  account  of  a  fatal : 
once  raged  among  the  AIps. 

1.  Et  te,  O   pastor,      TE  quoque,  magna  Pales,  et  te,  memorai 
■Mmorande  abAmphry-  Pastor  ab  Amphryso:  vos,  sylvaB,  amnesqu 

SyU  ""   '''"'       C«^««^'  ^"«  ™  tenuisUnt  carmina  me 

4.  Omma  c»tera  car-  Omnia  jam  vulgata.     Quis  aut  Eurysthea  i 

NOTES. 

I.  PaUt,    The  goddess  of  shepherds,  and  dla,  evidently  taken  for  the 

of  feeding   cattle.     She  was    worshipped  by  synec. 
with  milk.    Her  feasts  were  called  Palilia^        3.  Carmina :  by  meton.  t 

and  were  celebrated  on  the  I2th  of  the  ca-  subjects  of  song.     Heyne 

lerda  of  May.  connecting  it  with  vaeuat. 

5.  Amphryto,  A  river  of  Thessaly,  where  is  to  be  taken  in  its  usual 
Apollo  fed  the  Hocks  of  Admetus,  when  he  tent :  in  the  sense  of  ddeeie 
waa  driven  from  heaven  for  having  lcilled  says,  omnia  argtmenia. 
the  Cyclops.     See   Ecl.  iv.  10.     Sytva,  el        4.  Eurytthea.     Eurysthei 
amnet  Lyccti:   the  grovee  and  streams  of  Myeena.    Instigated  by  Ju 
Aroadia.    Lyeam:  a  mountain   in  Arca-  upon  Hercules,  who  had  be 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  III  109 

lati  neecit  BusiridiB  aras  ?  5  »"*«"»•    qoae    tenoiuenl 

lictus  Hylas  puer,  et  Latonia  Delos,  ^»^*"»^  meuu», jam Tal. 

leque,  bumeroque  Peiops.  insignis  ebuino,  '*  *  *"' 

ts  ?     Tentanda  via  est,  qu4  ine  quoque  p^wsim 

iimo,  victorque  virOan  volitare  per  ora. 

ro  in  patriam  mecum  (modd  vita  supersit)      10 

tiens  deducam  vertice  Musas : 

lumaeas  referam  tibi,  Mantua,  palmas  : 

n  campo  templum  de  marmore  ponam 

quam,  tardia  ingens  ubi  flexibus  errat 

et  tener^  prastexit  arundine  ripas.  16 

mihi  Caesar  erit,  templtimque  tenebit. 

ego,  et  Tyrio  conspectus  in  ostro, 

[uadrijugos  agitabo  ad  flumina  currus. 

ihi,  Alpheum  linquens  lucosque  Molorchi, 

NOTES. 

oommand  of  an  oracle,  the  se-  ger  and  thirst ;    and  oompeDod  to  abetaia 

A  thej  were  twelve  in  ntimber,  n'om  both  meat  and  drink,  which  were  pla- 

der  the  name  of  the  twelve  la-  ced  before  him,  bjr  way  of  aggravation. 
rcules.  8.  ^cer  equi$.    This  ma^  allude  to  hi« 

idiM.    Bnfliris,  a  king  of  Egypt,  victory  over  (Enomaus;  or  it  maj  mean  no 

ced  to  his  gods  the  stranffera  who  more  than  that  he  was  skilled  in  the  ma* 

D.     He  was  slain  by  Hercules.  nagement  of  horeee;  which  is  the  aense  of 

impioufl — infamouB.     Thia  kind  RuaBua. 

M  expresa,  generallj,  more  than        11.    Aonio   vtrtiee  :   ftom    the   Aonian 

xrant  of  a  good  quality.     Thejr  mount,  UeHean,    This  was  a  mountain  in 

possession  of  a  contrary  one.  Beotia^  originally  called  Aimia^  sacred  to 

ays  Heyne.  the  muses. 

.    See  Ecl.  vi.  43.    LcUonia :  an        12.  Primut  referam :  I,  the  first,  will  bring 

Latona^  the  daughter  of  Caut^  to  thee,  O  Mantua,  IdnmaBan  palms — noble 

Titans,  and  mother  of  Apollo  palms.     The  palm-tree  abonnded  in  Idu- 

,  whom  she  brought  forth  at  a  mea,  a  country  of  Syria ;   so  called  from 

e  island  Delos:  hence  called  La-  Edom,  a  son  of  Esau,  who  settled  there. 

08.  Virgil  was  not  the  first  who  introduced  the 

}damt,    She  was  the  daughter  of  Greek  poetry  into  Italjr ;  and,  therefore,  to 

king  of  Elit^  and  Piia,    who  do  away,  or  prevent  any  obiection,  he  men** 

med  from  an  oracle  that  he  was  tions  Mantua,  the  place  of  his  birth.    He 

i  by  his  son-in-law ;  in  order  to  was,  however,  the  first  who  brought  it  to 

e  proposed  to  the  suitors  of  his  any  degree  of  perfection. 
%.  chariot  race,  upon  this  condi-         13.  Ponam  Temphan,    The  poet  appearf 

le  one  who  got  the  victory  should  to  moan,  that  he  will  not  only  imitate  the 

ughter;  butif  vanquished  should  Greoks,  but  he  will  surpass  them;  and  in 

\iier  thirteen  had  lost  thcir  lives,  honor  of  his  victory,  he  will  build  a  temple, 

i  the  beauteous  prize,  by  bribing  and  institute  games.    Through  the  whole, 

the  charioteer  of  CEnomaus,  to  under  color  of  honoring  himsclf,  he  veij 

hariot  upon  a  frail  or  brittle  axle.  artfuUy  compliments  Augustus,  his  prince 

luring   the  race,  and  CEnomaus  and  patron.    Ponam:  in  the  sense  of  ex- 

ich  bruised  by  the  fall,  that  he  truam, 

wounds.     Thus  the  oracle  was        14.  Errat:  meanders— -winds. 
^elops  was  the  son  of  Tantaluty        18.  Centum.  I  will  drive  a  hundrcd  four- 

uygia ;  who,  as  the  fable  goes,  horse  chariots  along  the  river.    The  poet 

gods  to  a  banquet,  and  having  takes  the  definite  number  100  for  an  indeft- 

ly  their  divinity,  dressed  his  own  nite  number;  or  he  alludes  to  the  Circen- 

et  before  them.     AU  abstained  sian  games,  when  in  one  day  there  were  ^ 

rrid  a  repast  ezcept  Cerei^  who  twenty-five    rsces  of  four  chariots  each, 

s  of  the  child^s  shouldcr.    Jupi-  making  the  ezact  number  here  mentioned. 

fds  restored  him  to  life,  and  gave  These   were  in  imitation  of  the  Olympic 

ry  one  in  its  room.    Hence  tn-  games,  and  were  on  the  margin  of  a  river. 

»  humero :  famed  for  hb  ivory  Illi :  for  him — in  honor  of  Cssar. 
For  this  horrid  deed,  Tantalus,        19.  Cuneta  Orteeia,   Themeaningis^tlMl 

doomed  to  perpetual  hun-  all  Greece  would  le«,T«  tb«x  own 


11  a  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Curaibus  et  crudo  decemet  Grecia  c«rtii. 
Ipse,  caput  tonsae  folUs  omatus  oliviB, 
Dona  feram.     Jam  nunc  solemnea  ducere  pc 
Ad  delubra  juvat,  cssosque  videre  juvencos : 

ti.  Vel  videre  ut  Mena  Vel  scena  ut  versis  discedat  frontibus,  utque 
^^**dat,  Purpurea  intexti  tollant  aulaea  Britanni. 

In  foribus  pugnam  ex  auro  solidoque  elephai 
GangaridOm  Siciam,  victorisque  arma  Quirin 

28.  Atque  hio  teukam  Atque  hic  undantem  bello^magnumque  fluei 
Nilum  undantem  bello    Niium^  ac  navali  surgentes  asre  columnas. 

Addam  urbes  Asise  domitas,  pulsumque  Nipl 
Fidentemque  fiig^  Parthum  versisque  sagitti 
£t  duo  rapta  manu  diverso  ex  hoste  trophsei 

NOTES. 

and  come  to  these,  %a  far  ezoelling  in  gran-  stage,  and  let  down  when  the 

deur  and  magni£cence.    ^^heum:  ^nyer  it.    It  appears  to  raean  the  h 

of  Elis,  in  the  Peloponnesus,  near  the  city  aukui  in  the  foUowing  line. 

Olvmpia.    Hence  the  games  there  celebra-  381. 

ted  were  called  Olympic    The  river  here,  25.  Intextu  The  Britone  (l 

by  meton.  Is  put  for  the  sramet  themselves.  Julius  Cesar  over  thera)  ■ 

They  were  instituted  by  Herculee,  in  honor  painted  on,  or  interwoven  in 

of  Jupiter,  at  near  ae  Uieir  date  can  be  as-  which,  bj  a  figure  of  speech, 

certained,  in  the  summer  of  the  year  of  the  f aid  to  hold,  or  lift  up. 

world,  3228,  and  before  Chritt,  776.    They  27.  Oangaridiim,    The  Gi 

were  celebrated  every  fiflh  year ;  or  afler  a  people  of  India,  near  the  i 

an  entire  revolution  of  four  years;  which  rtnt.    Thit  ie  oneofthe  ma 

was  denominated  an  Olympiad,    This  form*  bave  ibr  believing  that  Virgi 

ed  a  very  important  era  in  the  history  of  revise  the  Georgics  until  hit 

Greece.  debated   in  the  senate,  wh« 

Lucoi  Molorchi:   the  groves  of  Molor-  should  be  complimented  wit 

chus  :  by  meton.  the  Jfemaa  eertamirui,  or  Augustus,  or  Romulus,  who  ' 

Nemean  pames.    These  were  instituted  in  Quirinus.     But  this  debate 

honor  of  Hercules,  on  account  of  his  killing  place  till  three  years  after  t 

the  lion  in  the  Sj/lva  Nemaui^  near  Cleona^  a  of  tbe  Georgics ;  and  was  m 

city  of  the  Peloponnesus.     Molorchm  was  fore  his  victory  over  the  Ga 

the  name  of  the  shepherd  who  cntertained  poet  must,  therefore,  have  i 

the  hero,  and  at  whose  roquest  he  slew  the  at  least  ten  years  af\er  the  fi 

Nerasan  lion.     Bcsides  these,  there  were  or  in  the  year  of  Rorae,  734. 

other  games  callod  Pythia^  instituted  in  ho-  27*.  Faciami  in  the  sense  < 

nor  of  Apollo,  on  account  of  his  killing  the  28.  Magnim :    Ruieus   ta 

■erpent   Python,      Honce    he   derived   the  sense  of  longi,     Copiose^  sayi 

narae  Paan^  froin  a  Greek  word  signifying  dantem :  ewelling  and  wavinj 

to  pierce  or  wound.    There  were  also  gamcs  it  did  with  its  waters.     This 

called  Isthmia,     These  were  instituted  by  beautiful   and  grand.    The 

Theseus,  king  of  Athens,  in  honor  of  Nep-  ludes  to  the  victory  obtaine* 

tone.     They  denved  their  name  from  the  over  Anthony  and  Cleopatn 

circttmstance  of  their  being  celebrated  on  ture  of  Alexandria,  the  pri 

the  Itthmut  of  Corinth.    Mihi:  for  rae — in  Egypt,  noar  the  mouth  of  thi 

honor  of  me.  built  by  Alezander  the  Grei 

20.  Crudo :  because  the  eatttu^  or  gaunt-  soon   followed  the  fate  of  . 

let,  was  made  of  raw  hide :  or  simply,  cruel  capital. 

— bloody.     See  £n.  v.  379.  29.  Naoali  are:  with  naT 

fBL  Pompae,    These  were  images  of  the  gustusissaidtohavemadefo 

gods  carried  in  proccssion  before  ihe  peo-  of  the  brazen  beaks  of  the  sh 

ple  at  the  Circensian  gamcs— the  prqces-  Cleopatra  and  Anthony ;  to 

•sion  itself.     Feram  dona:   in  the  sense  of  here  soems  to  allude. 

proponam  pramia.  30.  J^iphalen:  Niphates,  i 

24.  Ut:  in  tlie  scnse  of  quomodo,     Scena:  Armcnia,  taken  for  the  inha 

tbat  part  of  the  stage  where  the  actors  wcre  country  :  by  meton.    Armeni 

— ^the   curtain,  or  hanging,  bchind  which  Ruieus. 

they  rctired   from  the  audience.      It  was  32.  Duo  trophata.     Proba 

nlsMl  up  whon  tho  actors  were  upon  tlie  victories  obtained  by  Argost 


GKOROICA.    UB.  ni.  111 

Ibqiia  tnuiiipliatst  utroqae  ab  Htore  gentes 

Btabunt  et  Pani  lapides,  spirantia  signa, 

Aaaaraci  prole»,  demissaeque  ab  Jove  gentis  36 

Nomina  ;  Troeqiie  parens,  et  Trojae  Cynthius  auctor.  36.    Tro«que   parani 

lovidia  ii^lix  furias  amnemque  severum  Atiaraet 

Oocyti  metuet,  tortosque  Ixionis  angues, 

Immanemque  rotam,  et  non  exsuperabile  sazum. 

Interea  Dryadum  sylvas  saltusque  sequamur  40     40.  Sylyasque,  taiiui- 

lotactos,  tua,  Maecenaa,  haud  moUia  jussa.  q»«   intactog    ab   abU 

Te  fline  nil  altum  mena  inchoat :  en  age,  segnes  9eriptoribut, 

Rnmpe  moras :  vocat  ingenti  clamore  Cithaeron,  ^ 

Taygetique  canes,  domitrixque  Epidaurus  equorum  : 

NOTES. 

■j,  the  one  at  Actium,  in  EpiruB,  on  the  attempt  upon  Juno,  he  wav  cast  oown  lo 

Mrthem  ahore  of  the  Mediterranean,  the  hell,  and  bound  with  twenty  snakes  to  a 

fitber  at  Alezandria,  in  Egypt,  on  the  south-  wheel,  which  kept  constantly  turning,  as  a 

cn.    Hence  the  propriety  of  utroque  litore,  puniflhment  for  his  crime.     The  poete  aay, 

Rapia  wianu:  obtained  bjr  valor,  or  by  hia  that  Jupiter  aubstituted  a  cloud  in  the  form 

ownhand — ^wherehe  commanded  in  person.  of  Juno,  and  of  it  he  hegtA.  the  Centaura. 

DtWTfo  kaUe^  and  triumphatat  genies^  mean  Upon  hb  retum  to  the  oarth,  he  boasted  of 

tlw  «ame ;  and  probably  we  are  to  undcr-  hie  amour  with  the  queon  of  the  gods,  and 

■land  the  Anatic  and  African  troops  that  was  punished  for  it  by  Jupiter  in  this  ex* 

eompoeed  the  army  of  Anthony  in  these  emplaiy  manner.    The  truth  is,  the  Cen- 

tmo  battles.    Thia  is  the  opinion  of  Ruibub.  taurs  wore  a  people  of  Thessaly.    They 

SoBie  undentand  the  paaiage  as  referring  dwelt  in  a  city  by  the  name  of  J^ephHe* 

to  tho  Gandaridet^  a  people  of  Aaia,  and  to  That  being  the  Greek  word  for  a  cloud, 

tho  BriUmm^  aituated  in  Europe,  in  diiTer-  gave  rise  to  the  story  of  thcir  being  the  oiT- 

^  quarters  of  the  world.    But  Augustus  spring  of  a  cloud.    They  were  the  first  who 

did  not  oonquer  the  Britons.  broke  and  tamed  the  horse.    Ixion  was  theii 

Si.  Parii  iapide* :  Paiian  marble.   Parii :  king.    The  poet  here  intimates  in  a  very 

•a  adj.  firom  Parot^  one  of  the  Cyeladet^  fa-  dolicate  manner  the  unhappy  end  of  those 

oioiu  for  its  shining  marble.    Spiranlia  sig'  who  enviod  Augustus  the  glory  due  to  his 

ma:  figorea,  or  statues  to  the  life.     Thcy  illustrious  deeds;  who  dared  refuse  to  sub- 

■hallbe  of  such  exquisite  sculpture,  that  one  mit  to  his  authority;  and  who  meditated  a 

eoald  acarcely  distinguish  them  firom  real  renewal  of  the  civil  wars. 

liib— they  should  almost  breathe.  39.  Saxum,     Sis^rphus,  a  notonous  rob- 

3S.  Prolee  Atuuraei:  the  offspring  of  As-  ber,  was  slain  by  Theseus,  king  of  Athena, 

■araens,  and  the  namee  of  the  family,  Acc  and  for  his  punishment,  he  was  sentenced  to 

The  poet  here,  as  in  other  places,  compli-  hell ;  there  to  roU  a  etone  to  the  top  of  a 

menta  the  Cesars  with  divine  descent.    Ac-  hill,  which  always  rolled  back  before  be 

wr^iitg  to  him,  it  may  be  thus  tracod :  could  reach  it.     This  made  his  labor  per* 

Dardaniis  was  the  aon  of  Jupiter  and  Elec-  petual.    Abi»  extuptrahile:  not  to  be  gotten 

tra;  Erichthonius,  the  son  of  Dardanus ;  to  the  top  of  the  hill. 

Troa,  the  son  of  Erichthonius;  IIus  and  41.  TuahaudmoUi^  jutta:  thy  difficult 

AflRrmeua,  sons  of  Tros;  Uus  begat  Lao-  commands. 

medon,  the  father  of  Piiam,  and  Assaracus  Virgil,  at  the  request  of  Mecenas,  wrote 

begat  Capys,  the  father  of  Anchises;  of  the   Georncs;  to  which  circumstance  he 

AMbises  and  Venns  sprang  iEneas,  the  fa-  here  alludes — a  subiect  new,  and  which 

ther  of  Ascanius,  or  Iiilus,  the  father  of  the  had  not  been  handled  or  treated  of  by  any 

Jnlian  family.  preceding  writer.    SequatKwr:  we  will  en* 

95.  CffnUtiut:  ApoUo.    He  was  bom  on  ter  npon. 

Ihe  ialand  Delos,  where  was  a  mountain  by  43.    Citheeron :   a  mountain   in  Beotia, 

Ihe  iMme  of  Cynthus ;  hence  he  was  caUed  abounding  in  pastore,  and  hcrds  of  cattle. 

QftUkiut.    He  and  Neptune,  it  is  said,  built  Ta^eti  :  Taygetus,  a  mountain  in  Laconiar 

Inewallsof  Troy  inthereignof  Laomedon.  famous  for  bunting.     Epidaurut,    There 

8ee  Ed.  iv.  10,  and  Geor.  i.  602.  were  several  places  by  that  name.     The  one 

97.    infehx,    This  epithet  is  added  to  here  intended,  is  probably  in  ArgoUs,  on  the 

Mnrj,  beeause  it  is  the  principal  source  of  eastem  shore  of  the  Peloponnosus,  near  the 

■nhippinnss  to  roen.  Simu  Saroniciu^  that  part  being  colebrated 

SB.  Coeyti:  Cocytus.  a  fabnlous  river  of  for  its  horses.    The  meaning  is,that  ho  shah 

Mlv  iowing  out  of  Styx.     Ixiomt:  Ixion,  now  treat  of  those  animals  that  aboimded  io 

Um  hMkn  0!*  the  Centaurs.    For  making  an  the  above  mentioned  places 


119  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Et  Tox  iissensu  nemorum  ingeminata  rmnn 
Moz  tamen  ardentes  acciiigar  dicere  pugm 
Cesaris,  et  nomen  fami  tot  ferre  per  annoi 
Tithoni  primft  quot  abest  ab  origine  CaBsan 
Seu  quis,  Olympiacae  miratus  prsmia  pd 
Pascit  equos,  seu  quis  fortes  ad  aratra  juvei 
Str  Formi  torv»  bo-  Corpora  praecipue  matrum  legat,     Optima 

torpe  capSt,  cui  e.t  plu-  ^^™*  ^^^i  «^  .^n>e  capu  ,  cui  plunma  i 
rima  cerviz,  ot  eui  pa-  ^^  crurum  tenus  a  mento  paleana  penaent 
Uaria  poiident  k  mento  Tum  longo  nullus  lateri  raodus :  omnia  ma 
teniia  crurum.  Pes  etiam,  et  camuris  hirts  sub  cornibus  m 

54.    Omnia    membra  ^^  ^jjj^  displiceat  maculis  insignis  et  albo 

66."'N^*iar(Mi  insig-  ^"^  J"g*  detrectans,  interdumque  aspera  c 
nia  maculia  et  albo  dis-  ^^  faciem  tauro  proprior :  quoeque  ardua  t 
•lioeat  mihi:  £t  gradiens  ima  verrit  vestigia  caudi^. 

58.  Et  eti  propior  Uu-  ^tas  Lucinam  justosque  pati  Hymenaso 
**  ^"lirf  /*^***"*  ■  *^**""  Desinit  ante  decem,  post  quatuor  incipit  ai 
^*tt  Cstera  miat  eo-  ^®*®**  ^®^  fcBturaB  habilis  ;  nec  fortis  arat 
miii  ed  nec  habilit  foatu-  Interei,  superat  gregibus  dum  Ista  juventi 
m,  nec  ett  fortia  aratria.  Solve  mares :  mitte  in  Venerem  pecuaria  i 

^.  Erunt  eemper  «ii-  Atque  aliam  ex  alii  generando  sufiice  prol 
JJJ*JJ*?"'*''  *'"'rj?  Optima  quaM|ue  dies  miseris  mortalibus  ei 
?S^m"r  reS»  «r-  ^""^*  %^^  =  subeunt  morbi,  tristisque  seo 
mmtn:  acnepbstrequi-  £t  labor,  et  dune  rapit  inclementia  mortift 
IM  m  amina,  anteveni-  Semper  erunt^  quarum  mutari  corpora  ma 

NOTE8. 

45.  fox  Atientu^  Sto,  The  meaainf  ie,  60.  Ltuinam:  the  foddi 
that  the  grovee  unite  in  inviting  him,  and  in|^,  so  called  c  inre,  q%tam  t 
eeho  back  the  call.  bj  metoo.  child>beaiing  itai 

46.  mir^eniet:  in  the  aenee  of  iUuttret.  forth  of  joung  in  genei 
^ertf^r:  in  the  senee  of  the  Greek  middle  Hymcn  or  Hjmencus,  wmt 
TMce:  I  wiU  prepare  mjeelf.  The  poet  chus  and  Venus;  the  god 
bere  eeems  to  intimate  his  purpoee  of  writing  meton.  marriage  itMlf--ali 
IIm  ^mewd ;  which  was  chiefl j  desifned  to  of  the  sexes,  as  in  the  ] 
iatler  Aufnistus  and  the  Roman  pc^ple.  The  meaning  of  the  poet  a 

48.  TVlAem.   Tithonus  was  either  the  son  time  for  cattle  to  brced^ 

er  bfother  of  Laomedoa,  and  freatlj  belov-  tenth.  and  begins  afler  th 

ed  hv  Aurora.    From  hie  time  down  to  Au-  Iheir  age. 

HMtus>  were  one  thousand  jears,  according  63.  Inierta :  in  the  mea 

le  Ihe  besl  aceounta.    Bal  lo  extend  his  Ihe  jears  of  four  and  teiL,  I 

fhae  onlj  ibr  that  length  of  lime«  would  mtaoog  joor  herds.    5«^ 

Ml  come  up  to  Ihe  desifn  of  Ibe  poeU  whose  viporousL 

wieh  was  to  perpelnate  his  ImBBe  lo  ihe  la-  64.  Peemmm:  properlj 

%ial  poelerilj.    Aeoordnif  lo  Serrius  and  hv  meton.  the  cattto  M  u\ 

E«ilalh:us«  AMsmtt  aBay  hcre  be  laken  Ibr  Ihe  femake;  ihe  bmes^  vel 

tl»  eniu  in  ihe  tmam  wmm  Ihal  TSleit  is:  6S.  Sufite:  reise  np  oni 

Hwj   bolh  beinc   deiited  inm  Ihe   sasae  iher.    •£n  .•  in  Ihe  seaee 

Qteek  verh.     This  wodM  fUI^  cooie  ep  to  6SL  tnelementim :  rigor- 

Ihe  vicw»  of  ihe  poel  in  iinmuinrniny  his  69.  Sem^ter  entmL      Tl 

^nnce.    The  siui  havin^  ezHted  fiom  the  fuUowiaf  IiBes.  Dr.  Trapf 

hefinnis^r  eif  liaBe.  aBaj  be  ronsidtrrd  a  inletpoUtioa.     He  sajs;« 

ilJiiMiiii :  or  llie  poct  aaav  assnme  whole  ihree  tincs  is  cxIp 

ule  nwaber.  tOilO  venis.  ^  an  i»-  «at.    Whal  •ccnaioB  oT 

peh-id.    Sie  Aa.  It.  5SS.  (kremr  to  coatinw  tke 

$1.  L^:  m  Ik»  ssMe  of  el^tuL  callle?    TW  ihi^  had  ji 

Se.  TWjpe.^  tain     fti|sif"*iiMJe.  Ae-  helertL    Let  il  be  fwtbci 

h^  ia  ihe  seMc  ef  wmtm.  a  didl^mit  &ce  it  p«ts  « 

i«.  aiMi^«tnAc^  H»  sMneM  eKt  thcie  bnee  ai«  left  e«t.    1 

bv  Hiniiaiia.    jjmwm:  ■■iIiik.  the  aitMe  of  the  . 

't 


GCORGICA.    LIB.  Ul.  119 

:r  enim  refice:  ac,  iie  pdst  amissa  reqiiiras,         70 

siii .  ef  tfolM>lein  annento  sortire  (luotannis. 

uou  er  iKM^ori  est  idem  delectus  equino. 

Kio,  quos  in  spem  statues  submittere  gentis, 

>uuin  jam  inde  a  teneris  impendc  laborem  74.    Impcndo   pnroi- 

iu5  uecoris  generosi  pullus  in  arvis  75  P«o«»  laborem  Hiu  jam 

ingieditur,etmolJiacrurareponit:  "|^  *   ^*'"    «"^••' 

s  et  ire  viam,  et  fluvios  tentare  minacos 

,  et  ignoto  seee  committere  ponti : 

inos  horret  strepitus.     Illi  ardua  cervix,  79.  Eti  illi  ardua 

umque  caput,  brevb  alvus,  obesaque  terga  ;         80 

iatque  toris  animosum  pectus :  honesti 

^es,  glaucique  ;  color  deterrimus  albis,  8^  Spadices,  glaud 

TO  :  tum,  si  qua  sonum  procul  arma  ded^re,  «!«•  ««wi  honosti  eoioru 

loco  nescit,  micat  auribus,  et  tremit  artus  ;  84.  Tromit  per  artut 

tumque  fremens  volvit  sub  naribus  ignem.  85 

juba,  et  dextro  jactata  recumbit  in  armo. 
)lex  agitur  per  lumbos  spina  :  cavatque 
em,  et  solido  graviter  sonat  ungula  comu. 
Vmyclsn  domitus  Pollucis  habenis 

us,  et,  quorum  Graii  meminere  poetae,  90     90.  Et  taiet  erani  bi- 

I  equi  bijuges,  et  magni  currus  Achilles.  j^K^    «q»»»   MartiB,  et 

3t  ipse  jubam  cervice  efflidit  equini  ^'u!^'"'^  AchiUe. 

gis  adventu  pemix  Satumus,  et  altum  ^ 

hinnitu  fugiens  implevit  acuto.  94 

ic  quoque,  ubi  aut  morbo  gravis,  aut  jam  segnior 
U  abde  domo,  nec  turpi  ignosce  senects.       [annis 

NOTES. 

tality,  he  immediately  paMet  on  to  mmi,  as  Hejne  inforraf  uf.    That  leamed 

tpagation  of  hortes.    And  what  fur  editor  reads, /reiii«m.    Ignem:  in  the  senae 

ofinns  him  in  this  opinion,  ia,  the  use  of  eaiorem^  vel  ardentes  anheiihu,     Of  the 

rerbe  anievenio  and  tortior.    The  for-  horsef  of  Diomede,  Lueretiut  says  *.  ignem 

ija  he,  is  no  where  else  used  bj  Vir-  nariinu  tpiraveruni, 

A  the  latter  never,  in  the  senfe  it  is  87.  Dupltx :  round — ^large.     In   a  lean 

sre:  for  tubttituo,  horse,  as  the  spine  or  hack-bone  rites  up 

^oboiem  :  a  succession — issue.  sharp  ;  so  in  a  fat  horse,  there  is  a  kind  of 

Submiitere:   in  the  sense  of  teponere.  hoUow  or  ffutter  runningthrougn  the  middle 

Fuilut  gencroti :   a  colt  of  gcnerous  of  the  back,  and  seeraing  to  £vide  it  into 

-of  noble  blood.     Continui  :    from  two  parts.     In  this  sense,  dupiex  tpitM  majr 

t — as  soon  as  foaled.  be  a  double  spii^    AgUur :  passes  along, 

Htponil  moliia  erura:  he  moves  his  or  extends. 

or  nimble  legs.  Reponit  implies  both  87.  Ltunhot :  in  the  sense  of  drttum^  t<*I 

Bmate  movements  of  his  feet,  and  the  tergum, 

eas  and  fTequency  of  thera.  89.  Taiit  Cyliarut :  such  was  Cyllarus, 

Luxurial  torit :  his  courageous  breast  broke  bj  the  reins,  &c.    Amyeiiti :  an  adj. 

Ir(swells  out)  in  mnsclee.  from  Amyela^  a  citj  of  Laconia,  not  far 

Spadieet^  giauei :  tho  bright  baj,  and  from  Lacediemon,  where  Castor  and  Pollux 

ii^nj^  are  good  colora ;  the  worst  were   bom.     Hence   thej   are   sometimet 

I  the  white  and  dun.     It  is  verj  dif-  called  Laeedamonii^   as  well   as  AmyeiBti, 

■s  Dr.  Trapp  observes,  to  ascertain  Cjllaras  was  the  name  of  the  horse. 

■ee  of  colors  in  a  foreign  and  dead  91.  Currut :  in  the  sense  of  equi^  bj  ma- 

ft,    fiendoa,  one  nation  maj  prefer  ton. 

or,  and  another  maj  prefer  that.    He  92.  Et  taiit  petmx  Satumut  ipte :  aad 

ibiu  tar  a  doll,  dirtj  white,  and  to  be  such  swiil  Satura  himself  spread  nis  maae. 

lisiMd  from  eandidut ;  because,  an-  Satura,  as  the  poetp  saj,  was  un  love  with 

bts  eamdore,  Virgil  makes  the  mark  Philjra,  the  daughter  of  Oceanut.    Durin^ 

m  hww.    Soe  JEn,  xii.  84.  their  amourt,  on  a  certain  occation,   Rh«a« 

Vmnit.  Thecommonreadingitprf-  his  wift,  came  upon  them.    To  prevent  a 

hmt  arrerm]  ancient  copiet  have  /re-  ditcoverj,  Satara  trantformed  hiuunlkt  VA>tt 

9 


114  P.  VmGILU  MARONIS 

97.  Sonior  tquut  at  Frigidus  in  Venerem  senior,  frustraque  lal 
fr>lf><**"  Ingratum  trahit :  et,  si  quando  ad  prselia  ^ 

Ut  quondam  in  stipulis  magnus  sine  viribc 

Incassuni  furit.     £rg6  animos  aevumque  r 

PrsBcipue  :  hinc  alias  artes,  prolemque  pa 

102.   Quii   dolor  tii  Et  quis  cuique  dolor  victo,  quae  gloria  pal 

raique  victo,  qas  glo-  Nonne  vides  ?  cum  pnecipiti  certamine  ci 

ria  tU  etiique  palm»        Corripuere,  ruuntque  effusi  carcere  curru 

105.    Spos    juvenum  Cum  spes  arrectae  juvenum,  exultantiaqw 

arrectn  tuni,  Corda  pavor  pulsans  :  illi  instant  verbere 

Et  proni  dant  lora  :  volat  vi  fervidus  axis 
Jamque  humiles,  jamque  elati  sublime  vi< 
Aera  per  vacuum  ferri,  atque  assurgere  i 
Nec  mora,  nec  requies.  At  fulvse  nimbi; 
111.  f^thumescunt  Tollitur  :  humescunt  spumis  flatuque  soq 
•pumifl  flatuque  eorum  Tantus  amor  laudum,  tantae  est  victoria  t 

'^ViV^^^  Primus  Erichthonius  currus  et  quatuoi 

116.  Uono  eqiufntm     r  -j*  ^*    *     •  < 

117.  Et   equum  glo-  Jungere  equos,  rapidisque  rotis  msislere 

merare  Frasna  Pelethrouii  Lapithse,  gyrosquc  dei 

118.  Magigtri  utriut-  Impositi  dorso ;  atque  equitem  docuere  f 
yM«ar/M8Bqa^exquirunt  Insultare  solo,  et  gressus  glomerare  supc 
e^tttim  juvenemque,caU.  j^  uterque  labor  :  ©que  juvenemqu 
dumque  aniims                 -r.  ^    •        .        i-  i  •     •        ^  -1. 

120.  JVVm   exquirunt  Exquirunt,  cahdumque  animis,  et  cursibi 

tenem  equum  quamvis      Quamvis  SflBpe  fug^  versos  ille  egerit  ho8 

122.  Ipsa  origine  equi  Et  patriam  Epinmi  referat,  fortesque  M; 

Neptuni.  Neptunique  ipsa  deducat  origine  gentem 

^123.  Tempue  admittu^      jjj^  animadversis,  instant  sub  tempus  ; 

124.  Distendere  equym  Impendunt  curas  denso  distendere  pingu 
d«i8o  pingui,  quem         Quem  leg^re  ducem  et  pecori  dixere  ma 

NOTES. 

a  horse,  and  fled  to  Polion,  a  mountain  of  1 15.  LapHha :  a  peopl 

Theesaly,  filling  it  with  his  nhrill  ncighin^.  mount  Polion.    Ptltthn 

Philyra  borc  to  him  Chiron,  one  of  the  Cen-  Pththronium^    one   of 

taura.  meaning  of  the  poet  a 

96.  Ignotee  tenuta  nee  turpi:  sparo  his  that  F.richthonius  inven 

old  age,  not  inglorious.     This  in  the  sense  cliariot  and  horacs,  anc 

usually  given  to  the  words,  and  implies  that  afierward   improved   up 

tho  old  Tiorse  should  be  treated  with  kind-  horse  by  managing  him 

ness  and  humanity,  now  in  his  old  age,  in  turning  him  about  with 

consequence  of  his  former  glorious  deeds.  will.     Dedire:  in  the  se 

Abde  hune  domo:   in  the  sense  of  include  116.  Equitetn.     Ruei 

kunc  ttabulit,  scruie  of  equum,  Heyne  < 

101.  Hinc  cUiat  artet :    aftcr  that  (you  granimarians  understoo 
•hould  observe)  his  othcr  qualities.    Arttt  senso.     But    Daf^ndson 
here  evidently  means  the  qualitics,  propor-  to    the    rider.     It    appi 
ties,  or  endowments  of  the  horse.     Prolem :  clause  of  thc  following 
the  stock,  breod,  or  ancestry.  plied  to  tlio  horse  rathei 

102.  Patma :  to  the  victor,  or  conqueror.  Kques :  properly,  the  ri« 
The  palm  of  victory,  by  meton.  put  for  the  horse. 

victor,  or  conqueror.  118.  Uterque  labor  «eq 

104.    ^ffuti  :    starting — springing.      In  art,  is  equal ;  tho  manaj 

races,  carcer  was  the   mark,    or    starting  tho  chariot,  and  the  ni( 

place.     Exultantia :  beatin? — ^palpitating.  with  thf*  bridle. 
107.  yi :  with  the  rapid  motiou of  the  wheel.         121.  Epirum^Myeent 

114.  Rapidit  rotit.     This  is  the  common  ceneB  were  both  famous 

roading.     But  Heinsius  and  Heync  read  ra-  horses.     Rr/erat :  have. 

pt<fitf  in  the  nom.  agrceing  with  rir/or.    /ifo-         124.  Pfn^t:  in  the 

tit :  properly  the  whoels  ;    by  meton.  the        125.  Maritum  *  in  th 

obariot  borre  upon  tbem.  rtum. 


130 


135 


GEORaiCA.    LIR  ni. 

'pQlieiileiqiie  Mcant  lieTbaB,  fluviosque  ministrant, 
Furimqiie :  ne  blando  nequeat  superesse  labori, 
InYali^que  patnim  referant  jejunia  nati. 
Ip«  autem  macie  tenuant  armenta  volentes. 
Atque  ubi  concubitua  primos  jam  nota  voluptaa 
SoUicitat ;  frondeaque  negant,  et  fontibus  arcent : 
Scpe  etiam  cursu  quatiunt,  et  Sole  fatigant ; 
Cum  graviter  tunsis  gemit  area  frugibus,  et  cum 
Sur^ntem  ad  Zephyrum  paleae  jactantur  inanes. 
Hoc  fiiciunt,  nimio  ne  luxu  obtusior  usus 
8it  genitali  arvo,  et  sulcos  oblimet  inertes  : 
8ed  rapiat  sitieiis  Venerem,  interiusque  recondat. 

Ruraus,  cura  patrum  cadere,  et  succedere  matrum 
Ineipit,  exactis  gravidae  cum  mensibus  errant. 
Non  illas  gravibus  quisquam  juga  duc^re  plaustris,    140 
NoD  saltu  superare  viam  sit  passus,  et  acri 
Gtrpere  prata  fugi,  fluviosque  innare  rapaces. 
Bthibus  in  vacuis  pascant,  et  plena  secundum 
Flumina :  muscus  ubi,  et  viridissima  gramine  ripa, 
BpeluncsBque  tegant,  et  saxea  procubet  umbra. 

Eftt  lucos  Silari  circa,  ilicibusque  virentem 

•  norimua  Albumum  volitans,  cui  nomen  asilo 
Romanum  est,  cestron  Graii  vert^re  vocantes : 

*  Aiper,  acerba  sonans :  quo  tota  exterrita  sylvis 
Difiugiunt  armenta,  ftirit  mugitibus  sther 
CoDcusBUS,  sylvaeque,  et  sicci  ripa  Tanagri. 
Boc  quondam  monstro  horribiles  exercuit  iras 
InMhiaB  Juno  pestem  meditata  juvencie. 


1J6 


137.  Sed  ut  iUa  pan 
sitiens 

138.  £t  eura  matnia 
ineipit  >accedert 

140.   Non    quiiquam 
puMus  eit  illas 


144.  Ubi 
146  0*  nP* 


iit  miuwtis, 


160 


N0TE8. 


m. 

fbr. 


.*  to  Accomplish — be  suffi- 
in  the  sense  of  aquam 


198.  JfaH:  the  colts.    Referani:  in  the 

■  ■■■■  oifBratU. 

^*-    m.   roUnitt:  willing— on   purpose,  or 

*''«llh  dosifn.     Arwunta  here  is  evidently 

itifcwi  fbr  equae^  the  mares. 

'    131.  Frandet:  in  the  sense  of  pabutunut 

«ri  wkJUMm    Huatiunt :  in  the  sense  of  agi" 


195.  Itk  UMut  geniiali  arvo  tit  ohtutior  ne* 
nc    These  words  Ruieus  interprets 
JV<  tr^eetut  (na)  genitaht  partit  tit 
tkieHar  ok  nttmam  pinguiiudinem, 

136.  ObiiaMi :  in  the  sense  of  elaudai, 

137.  yenertm :  the  object  of  their  desire 
^m  oeaten  mateuiinum. 

145.  Aeri  JugA:   in  the  sense  of  etieri 
Rapaeet:  in  the  sense  of  rapidot, 

143.  Saliilmt,  Saliut  is  properlj  an  open* 
^•'Im^  or  vacant  space,  in  a  grove,  or  park. 
'  hli,  hoirever,  sometimes  ased  in  the  sense 

iif  and  hteut;   from  the  verb  talio, 

fmjn  tpaiiit  apertit, 

146.  Saxea  vmbra:   a  rocky  shade  may 
Im  '^kom    a  roeky  clift  may  project  over 

idw  whlch  they  ouiy  be  sheltered 
ftoB  the  fln  aiid  nuns. 


146.  Cirea  lueot  Silari^  Aibumumque.  81- 
larus,  a  river  of  Italy,  in  Lucania :  hodieSelo^ 
Albumum :  Albumus,  a  mountain  in  Italy, 
abounding  in  the  holm-oak:  hodie  Albomog 
out  of  which  iMues  the  river  Tanagnis, 
small,  and  nearly  dry  in  suramer.  Phiri" 
muM  volilant :  around  the  gfrovefi,  &c.  there 
are  many  flies,  to  which  atylm  is  the  Roraan 
name,  but  the  Greeks  called  it  eettron, 
This  construction  is  very  peculiar ;  the  idiom 
we  cannot  introduce  into  our  language. 
Plurimut  volitant  we  must  take  in  the  sen.se 
ofplurimi  volitantet.  Cui  nomen  atylo.  This 
is  evidently  the  same  as  cui  atylvs  c$t  Roma- 
nonomini:  perhaps  by  antiptosin.  AmvIus 
is  what  we  commonly  call  tho  grad-fly,  or 
breezo.  It  is  the  samo  as  the  tabanutn  **t 
tabanum,  The  sting  of  this  inscct  caufcos 
great  pain  to  the  animal  that  is  woundcd  by  it. 

148.  Voeantet  vert^re :  simply,  focovfrufi^ 
vel  rtddiderunt, 

149.  Aeerbh :  an  adj.  neu.  plu.  taken  as 
an  adverb  in  imitation  of  the  Greokti ;  tho 
samc  as  acerbi,  Atper,  This  niuy  have 
refercnce  to  the  sharpness  of  its  bite  or  sting. 
Sonant :  making  a  nharp  or  shrill  noice. 

150.  Furit:  in  the  senso  of  retonat, 
153.  Inaehia.  juveneet,     lo,  the  daughttT 

of  Inachus,  kinsr  of  the  Ar^ivoH,  (or  of  a 


116  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

154.  Huno  a»aum       Hunc  quoque  (nam  mediis  fervoribuB  acif 

Arcebis  gravido  pecori ;  annentaque  pail 

Sole  recens  orto,  aut  noctem  ducentibu8'i 

Post  partum,  cura  in  vitulos  traducitur 

Continudque  notas  et  nomina  gentis  inuM 

159.   Et   noiani  eo*,  Et  quos,  aut  pecori  malint  submittere  lial 

quoM  raalint  aut  •ubmiu  ^„4  ^ris  servare  sacros,  aut  scindere  tei*f 

P®<^o"  Et  campum  horrentem  fractis  invertere  g 

Csetera  pascuntur  virides  armenta  per  he 

Tu,  quos  ad  studium  atque  usum  formabi 

164.  Jam  tu  hortare  Jam  vitulos  hortare,  viamque  insiste  dom 

▼ituloB,    quofl  formabis  Dum  fociles  animi  juvenum,  dum  mobilia 

^  ^*""  Ac  primiim  laxos  tenui  de  vimine  circlon 

Cervici  subnecte  :  dehinc,  ubi  libera  coU 

Servitio  assu^rint ;  ipsis  e  torquibus  aptc 

Junge  pares,  et  coge  gradum  conferre,  ji 

Atque  illis  jam  ssepe  rotae  ducantur  inan 

Per  terram,  et  summo  vestigia  pulvere  n 

Pdst  valido  nitens  sub  pondere  feginus  a: 

Instrepat,  et  junctos  temo  trahat  sereus  • 

174.   Interei    earpea  Interea  pubi  indomitae  non  gramina  tanti 

majiu  non  tantiim  gra-  ^  salicum  frondes,  ulvamque  p 

nuna  mdomitiB  pubi         o  j  /•  .  ..  ^il 

Sed  frumenta  manu  carpes  sata :  nec  tiE 

179  Sin  tuum  studi-  ^^^  patrum,  nivea  implebunt  mulctrali 
um  ni  magis  ad  bellum,  Sed  tota  in  dulces  consument  ubera  naU 
leroccsque  Sin  ad  bella  magis  studium,  turmasqu 

NOTES. 

river  god  of   that  namOf)    whom    Jupiter        169.  Junge  pareM^  &c. 

transformedintoaheifer,  whenhewas  likely  the  farmer  to  begin  wi 

to  be.surprised  by  Juno  in  his  amour  with  earlj  age;  and  first  to  1 

her.     But  discovering  the  triclc,  the  goddess  about  their  necks.     AiU 

■ent  AsUus  to  torment  her.     Upon  which  equal  size  by  a  cord  co 

she  lled  to  Egypt ;    where  Jupiter,  taking  lars ;  and  in  this  state  n 

pity  on   her,    restored    her   to    her  proper  keep  pace  together;  aj 

shape.      Afler  which,  she  was   married  to  become  accustomed  to 

king  Osiris ;  and,  ai\er  her  death,  was  wor-  make  them  draw  empt 

ahipped  as  a  goddess  under  the  name  of  Isis.  ground — wheels  withou 

1S4.  Medtit /erv&rUnu :  for  media  die,  them. 

158.  Inurmit:  in  the  sense  oiimprimurU.        172.  Valido:  in  the  ■ 

159.  Sitbmitlere:  lo  set  apart  for  breoders  bes:  for  rotas^  wheels. 
^for  propagating  your  stock  or  herd.  174.  Pubi  indomita: 

161.  Horrentem:  in  the  sense  ofasperum.     broken — not  entirely  sa 

162.  Catera  armmta.  The  poet^s  mean-  175.  Ulvam,  The  u 
hfig  is  plainly  this :  that  those  calves  that  grass,  which  grew  in  m: 
are  dcsigned  for  breeding,  for  sacrifice,  or  have  no  particular  nai 
for  the  plough,  are  to  be  particularly  desig-  guage.  J^ec:  in  the  se 
nated,  and  taken  care  of ;  while  it  is  suffi-  176.  Frumenia  saia  i 
ciont  for  the  rest  of  the  berd  to  feed  at  large,  com. 

without  any  such  care  or  attention  ;   and        The  poet  would  have 

with    regard    to    those    designed    for  the  atand,  that  the  care  of 

plough,  they  should  be  trained  up  from  the  portant,  that  he  shoul^ 

first,  and  be  accustomed  to  the  yoke,  while  them  grass,  and  the  t 

they  are  docile  and  tractable.  willow,  and  the  marshj 

164.' Horlare:  unp.  of  hortor :  teach,  or  growing  com.    He  sho 

tram  up.    M  siudium:  for  labor.    Mobilis:  too  cosUy  for  them. 
in  the  scnse  of  dociH».  177.  PtUa  vaeem  : 

166.  Cirelos:  by  syn.  for  eireulos:  bind  Fata:  having  yoong. 

loose  colUrs  about  their  necka.  fiea.  being  wiUi  youog. 


GEORGICi^.     IJB.  Ul.  117 

thua  rotis  pnelabi  flumina  PissBf  180 

i  in  luco  currus  agitare  volantes  ; 

equi  labor  est,  &ninios  atque  arma  videre 

in,  lituosque  pati,  tractuque  gementem 

>ta0i,  et  stabulo  fraenos  audire  sonantes. 

Lgia  atque  magis  blandis  gaudere  niagistri       186 

is,  et  plausae  sonitum  cervicis  amare. 

laec  jam  primd  depulsus  ab  ubere  matris  187.  Aadiat  hme  jaa 

inque  vicem  det  moUibus  ora  capistris  P"«^  depoliiii  ab  «oera 

8,  etiamque  tremens,  etiam  inscius  svi. 

4S  exactis,  ubi  quarta  accesserit  sestas,  190 

I  mox  gyrum  incipiat,  gradibusque  sonare 

itis :  sinuetque  altema  volumina  crurum, 

iboranti  similis :  tum  cursibus  auras 

t :  ac  per  aperta  volans,  ceu  liber  habenis, 

L,  vix  simimi  vestigia  ponat  arena.  196 

lyperboreis  Aquilo  cum  densus  ab  oris 

;,  Scythiasque  hyemes  atque  arida  differt 

tum  segetes  alts  campique  natantes 

horrescunt  flabris,  summaeque  sonorem 
Ivie^  longique  urgent  ad  litora  fluctus :  200 

t,  simul  arva  fugi,  simul  aequora  vcrrens  *0l.  Ille  veniu»  volat 

ad  Elei  metas  et  maxima  campi 

spatia,  et  spumas  aget  ore  cruentas ; 

vel  molli  melius  feret  esseda  collo. 

mum  crassi  magnum  farragioe  corpus  206 

NOTES. 

mlabi  rvtis.    Tbe  poet  here  allade«  the  poet  appeari  to  be  this :   Afler  thc  horte 

uiot  rmoee  at  the  Olvmpic  games,  hatfa  commenced  hie  foarth  year,  let  him  be- 

1  apoo  the  banka  of  the  river  Al-  gin   to  amble,  and   prance,  and   exercise, 

however  laborious  and  fatiguing  it  may  be 

itu0t:  the  darion,  or  curved  hom;  to  him.     Or  rather:  let  not  his  ezorciee  in 

Mtoa.  for  the  «ound  of  that  instru-  reality  be  laborioue  and  fatiguing,  on  ac- 

count  of  his  age ;  but  let  him  rescmble,  or 

iem  traetu  :  in  the  eense  of  striden'  be  like  to  one  laboring  only,  lest  he  be  dispi- 

trmkUur^  says  Heyne.  rited  from  ezperience  of  hia  weakness.    But 

miium  piatum  eervieit :  tbo  sound  when  he  is  properly  trained  by  exercise,  his 

Had  neck.  courage  increased,  and   his   confidence  in 

»fera  to  the  castom  of  stroking,  or  him«elf  confirmod,  then  let  him  labor — let 

ktlmr  the  horse  on  the  neck,  to  him  challenge  the  winds  in  his  course. 

m  with  eourage.  194.  PrwoeeL    Thb  is  the  common  read- 

\que  wieem:  by  Tmesia,  for  invieem  ing.    Heyne  reads  tum  voeet. 

I  now  and  then— occasionally.  ^qttora :  in  the  sense  of  eannjos. 

l    This  ie  the  common  reading.  197.  Ineubuit:  roahesforth.  Ruibus  says, 

B»,  aller  Heinsius,  reads  audeat^  of  imminet. 

mmim.  198.  J^atantu :  in  tbe  sen»9  of  undantes* 

•jctais  «0»;   ignorant,  or  inezperi-  182.   Animot :    courage.      Contentionet^ 

I  afieoant  of  hia  age — not  conscious  says  Rueus. 

th — knowing  his  weakness.     Ser-  202.  Hie^vel  ad  metat:  tbis  horse,  either 

:  n^ndtun  habent  ab  annitfiduciam.  at  tJie  goals  of  Elis,  lic. 

I  eays  :  propter  imbeeilitalem  (evi.  204.  Etteda.   The  eseedura  was  a  kind  of 

reek  construction.  vehicle,  or  carriage,  adapted  both  for  travel- 

mmre  eowtpotitit  gradibut :  io  prtLDce  ling  or  war.     It  was  used  by  the  ancient 

roteps.  Gauls  and  Britons.     Moili:  tractable,  in 

wmt:  and  let  him  bend  the  altemato  oppoHition  to  reluctant 

liis  leg»— or  altemately  the  joints  205.  Crasta  /arragine :  with  rich  or  fat 

p.  tcning  marsh.     The  farrago  was  a  nuzturt 

t:  ia  the  eense  of  deteribere.  of  whcat  bran  and  barley  meal,  acco*ding 

isMlii  MormtUi,    Th«  meaning  of  to  Serviue 


1 18  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

S06.  nUtdofaaliiajugo:  Crescere  jam  domitis  sinito:  namque  antf 

Ingentes  tollent  animos ;  prensique  negabv 
Verbera  lenta  pati,  et  duris  parere  iupatik 
Sed  non  ulla  magis  vires  industria  firmal 
Quam  Venerem  et  caeci  stimulos  avertere  f 
Sive  boum,  sive  est  cui  gratior  usus  equon 
Atque  ide6  tauros  procul  atque  in  sola  relc 
Pascua,  post  montem  oppositum,  et  trans  f 
Aut  intus  clausos  satura  ad  prsesepia  servai 
Carpit  enim  vires  paulatim,  uritque  vidend 
Foemina :  nec  nemorum  patitur  meminisse 
S17.  Hla  quidem  facii  Dulcibus  illa  quidem  illecebris,  et  saepe  suf 
^dulcibus  illecebris,  et  Comibus  inter  se  subigit  decemere  amante 
8ubi|rit  Pascitur  in  magni  sylva  formosa  juvenca: 

Illi  altemantes  multa  vi  praelia  miscent 

Vulneribus  crebris :  lavit  ater  corpora  8an| 

Obnizoi  adversa-  Versaque  in  obnixos  urgentur  comua  vastc 

^  CUm  gemitu :  reboant  sylvseque  et  magnui 

224.  Nec  est  mosduof  Nec  mos  bellantes  uni  stabulare :  sed  altei 

bellantes  Victus  abit,  longeque  ignotis  exulat  oris ; 

296.  Flagas^oe/ai  eor^  Multa  gemens  ignominiam,  plagasque  supe 
mbut  auperbi   victoris,  Victoris,  tum  quos  amisit  inultus  amores : 
tem  eoi  amores,  quo.      jg^  ^^y^^^^  aspectans  regnis  excessit  avitia. 

829.   Et    inter  dura  Ergd  omni  curi  vires  exercet,  et  inter 
saza  jaoet  Dura  jacet  pemox  instrato  saxa  cubili ; 

Frondibus  hirsutis  et  carice  pastus  acuti : 
Et  tentat  sese,  atque  irasci  in  comua  discil 
,  Arboris  obnixus  tmnco :  ventosque  lacessi 

lctibus,  et  spars^  ad  pugnam  proludit  aren 
Pdst,  ubi  collectum  robur,  viresque  refecta 
Signa  movet,  praecepsque  oblitum  fertur  in 

NOTES. 

206.    ^amque.     The   poet    advisei   the  casional  groans  of  each,  ] 

ftrmor  not  to  pamper  or  fatten  his  horsos  repeated  strokes  given  and 

before  tbej  are  broken,  and  rendered  tracta-  224.  BellanteM :  a  part.  o 

ble.    If  he  do,  they  will  be  mettlesome  and  used  in  the  sense  of  advem 

hif h  minded,  (tollunt  ingentes  antmot^)  they  Stabulart :  in  the  sense  o! 

wUl  show  a  stout  and  surly  temper,  and  226.  Multa :  in  the  sense 

when  caught,  will  refuse  to  bear  the  limber  228.  Avitis  regnis:  froni 

whip,  and  to  obey  the  hard  bits.    ^nte  do'  realms — from  those  fields  i 

uuMdum :  before  breaking.    The  gerund  in  bom,  and  in  which  he  bore 

dum  is  of  the  nature  of  a  substantive  noun.  Aspieens :  in  the  sense  of 

Ruieus  says,  arUequam  domerUur.  230.  Jnstrato  eubUi.     Dr. 

209.  Industria:  in  the  sense  of  eura.  vi^son  understand  this  to  b< 

Ai  1     TT        :.  «u^    >  r      i<  strowed  bed.     Ruabus  takei 

211.  Usus:  m  the  sense  of  euliut,  ^    ^   c  m    »     *    -.  j      _ 

sense  of  strato^  strowed  or  m 

214.  Satura:  m  the  sense  of  plena.  »•„  sometimes  in  composiUoi: 

216.  Fotmina:  the  female — the  heifer.  nification  of  the  primitive 

220.  Altemantes :  in  the  sense  of  vieissim,  times,  changes  it  to  an  oppc 
222.  Comua  versa  in  obnixos :  and  their        Cariee  aeuid :  sharp  sedgi 
homs  tumed  against  the  contending  foes,        235.  Refecta,    This   is 

are  struck,  Slc.  Heyne,  after  Heinsius.    Bv 

Cum  vasto  gemitu,    This  seems  not  to  re-  oommon  reading. 
hr  to  the  rage  and  violence  of  the  antago-        236.  Movet  tigna:   he  mi 

nitfts,  so  much  as  to  the  groans  and  bellow*  arda.    A  metaphor  taken  i 

mgp  of  tho  conquered  party ;  or  to  the  oo-  ment  of  an  armf  • 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  UI.  110 

it  ui»  in  medio  ccepit  cum  albescere  ponto, 

08  67  altoqtie  sinum  trahit :  utque  volutus 

rras,  immane  sonat  per  saxa,  nec  ipso 

s  minor  procumbit :  at  ima  exasstuat  unda        840 

»bu8,  nigramque  alte  subjectat  arenam. 

ine  aded  genus  in  terris  hominumque  ferarumque, 

ni»  equoreuin,  pecudes,  pict<eque  volucres, 

ias  ignemque  ruunt :  amor  omnibus  idcm. 

ore  non  ftlio  catulorum  oblita  lesena  246 

r  errayit  campis :  nec  funera  vulg6 

multa  informes  ursi  stragemque  ded^re 

flvas :  tum  s«vus  aper,  tum  pessima  tigris : 

male  tum  Libyse  solis  erratur  in  agris. 
3  vides,  ut  tota  tremor  pertentet  equorum  250 

>ra,  si  tantum  notas  odor  attulit  auras  l 
(que  eos  jam  fraena  virdm,  neque  verbera  ssva, 
copuli,  rupesque  cavs,  atque  objocta  retardant 
na,  corrcptos  unda  torquentia  montes. 
uit,  dentesque  Sabellicus  exacuit  sus,  256 

de  prosubigit  terram,  fricat  arbore  costas, 

hinc  atque  illinc  humeros  ad  vulnera  durat. 
juvenis,  magnum  cui  versat  in  ossibus  ignem  258.  QniajaveiiisyiH 

ainor  ?  nempe  abruptis  turbata  procellis  ^  ooi  dama 

natat  Cfeci  serus  freta  :  quem  super  ingens      260 
tonat  coeli,  et  scopulis  illisa  reclamant 
ra  :  nec  miseri  possunt  revocare  parentea, 
loritura  super  crudeii  funere  virgo. 

N0TE8. 

Trahii  finum :  and  draws  a  billowy  251.  Odor  aihtUt  fwioi  aunu.    This  U,  I17 

tr  from  the  deep.  Cowmuiaiio^  for,  aura  aiiulii  n^ium  odonm* 

£.  David«on  reads  aique^  and  thinks  Eqiut  yelfatmintB  ui  understood 

Ihe  corroct  reading,  aa  being  easier.  254.  Jlqua:  in  the  senee  of  vt  aquarum. 

>ther  copict  have  atque,  Objeeta :  Rubui  say»,  inierjeela. 

ri^K^"!!     .    -'^irth*'?          A  ^*V  255.  Sabellicu»  iu.  ipse:  The  Sabellina 

iie  bulU,  a-  well  a.  what  precede.  it,  ^^   ^  ^Sabellicus:  an  adj. 

power  of  love  18  among  Virgil «  ma.-  ^                            '^^         ^           l^  ^^  ^^  > 

se»,  and   is  admired   by   all  cntics.        .  ! u       7  j   '^     r  -^-»      -«J 

-admired  is  what  followa.    The  va-  i*'*'^"   ^"1^.  abounded  m  forest.,  and 

f  objecu,  the  force  of  the  iilustra-  ^^"^^  °f  ^^^  ^""^^'^.           .         „  . 

lie  propriety  of  the  arrangeraent,  and  258.  quidjuvenit.  The  poet  her»  aUudes 

aty  and  grandeur  of  the  dewripUon»,  ^  ««  *^^J  ^^  Leander  and  Hero. 

riou»  to  evcry  reader.  Leander  wa«  an  mhabitant  of  Abydua,  on 

SulHeetai :  in  the  aense  of  engit.  ^®  ^sian  shore  of  the  Hellespont,  and  pM- 

Hmintinfuria*ignemque:T^hmio  "onately   m   love  wiUi  Hero,  a  beautifUI 

on,  and  flame  of  this  kind.  ™*><1»  "*<*  pnestess  of  Venus,  who  resided 

«,  Uie  same  nMfuror,  denotes  any  in-  ^*  ^estus,  on  the  European  shore,  and  op. 

te  passion  or  affection  of  Uie  mind,  PO«te  to  Abydus.     He  used  to  swmi  Uie 

I  lore,  anger,  &c  from  Uie  verb/tiro.  ■^""t  to  viait  his  fair  mistress.    On  a  cerUm 

is  much  more  expressive  than  amo^  occasion,  passmg  over  m  a  storm,  he  was 

Bcndes  the  simple  idea  of  love,  it  drowned.     His  dead  body  was  dnven  to  Um 

Uie  consumine  and  destnicUve  ef-  European  shore,  and  espied  by  Hero;  wh», 

r  Uiat  pasMon  upon  Uie  subjects  of  it  "»  ^  tninsport  of  passion,  Uirew  herself  upon 

Peuiwuk:  most  fell— or  savage.  "^®  corpse  of  her  lover,  and  penshed  also. 

Lihym.  Libya,apartof  Africa,Uken  259.  Abruptis:  violent— sudden. 

whole  of  it,  by  synec.    This  is  mcn-  261.  Reclamant :  m  Uie  sense  of  resoiiaiil. 

beeaose  it  abounded  in  the  most  263.  /fee  virgo  wtoriiura.    Thisalludaeto 

bMMa.    Mali  erratur:  it  is  danger-  the  case  of  Hero,  above  mentioned.    ^^i^pcr : 

in,  or  hy. 


180  P.  ViRGILII  MAR0NI9 

Quid  Ljnices  Bacchi  varice,  et  genus  acre  lu 

HIS.  Quiil  oervi  faei-'  Atque  canum  ?  quid,  quae  imbelles  dant  pra 

mti  ti  Qu«  pmiia  UH  Scilicet  ante  omnes  furor  est  insignis  equan 

jabillM  dant?  g^  mentem  V^nus  ipsa  dedit,  quo  tempore  ( 

Potniades  maUs  membra  absumps^re  quadrij 

Illas  ducit  amor  trans  Gargara,  transqub  soi 

Ascanium :  superant  montes,  et  flumina  trai 

Continu6que  avidis  ubi  subdita  flamma  medi 

Vere  magis  (quia  vere  calor  redit  ossibus^  L 

Ore  omnes  versee  in  Zephyrum,  stant  rupibi 

Exceptantque  leves  auras :  et  saepe  sine  ullii 

Conjugiis,  vento  gravidaei  mirabile  dictu ! 

Saxa  per  et  scopulos  et  depressas  convalles 

f77.  Non  ad  taos  or-  DiflTugiunt:  non,  Eure,  tuos,  neque  SoIis,ad 

toa,  O  Eure ;  neque  ad  in  Boream,  Caurumque,  aut  inde  nigerrimu 

•rlttf  8o)\a;  neque  in  Bo-  N^scitur,  et  pluvio  contristat  frigore  coelum 

ream,  Caurutnque,  aut  tt-       j  ir-  j       : 

ad  eampartem,  nnde       Hmc  demum,  Hippomanes,  vero  quod  norai 

Pastores,  lentum  distillat  ab  inguine  virus : 
Hippomanes,  quod  saepe  malae  leg^re  noven 
283.  Miscuerunt  lier-  Miscueruntque  herbas,  et  non  innoxia  verba 

~iy"*J?'  ..      Sed  fuffit  interea,  fuffit  irreparabile  tempu 

S85.   Dum  nos  capU  a-        ,     r  *•     •  :  -^ 

amore  describetuli  Smgula  dum  capti  circumvectamur  amore. 

t86.  Hoc  esi  eatii  Hoc  satis  armentis :  superat  pars  altera  c 

Lanigeros  agitare  greges,  hirtasque  capellaf 

Hic  labor  :  hinc  laudem  fortes  sperate  coloi 

Nec  sum  animi  dubius,  verbis  ea  vincere  m» 

NOTES. 

264.  Lyncet.    The  Lynx  is  an  animal,  nor  to  the  north,  nor  to  the  p 

tome  Bay,  of  the  speciee  of  the  wolf  and  black  Bouth  wind  arisee.     Ai 

deer;  othera  say,  only  spotted  lilLe  a  deer,  his  reason:  QuM  maxima  p 

or  panthor,  very  quick  sighted,  and  swifl  of  videturtribtierehanevim(impf 

foot.     The  Lynces,  as  well  as  tigers,  were  uni  Zephyro.     Heyne  unden 

bound  to  the  car  ot*  Bacchus.     Hence  Lyn'  first  sense :  ied  in  Boream^  Sl 

9es  Bacchi,      Dant:    in  the  sense   of  ge-  278.  Caurvm:  the  north-v 

runt.  279.  Contristat:  blackens. 

267.  Jtfen/m:  digpoBition — pamion.  /n-  /»/urto /Hgore  in  the  sense  of 
dolem^  says  Heyne.  tate,    So  does  Heyne.    Frigt 

268.  Potniadet:  an  adj.  from  Potnia^  a  not  here  to  be  taken  initsusi 
town  in  Beotia,  the  native  place  of  Glau-  the  south  wind  is  not  cold ;  o 
eos:  whOfit  is  said,  withheld  the  horse  from  it  is  hot,  and  grenerally  bringi 
hbmares;  which  so  enraged  them,  that,  by  rains.  It  seems  here  to  & 
way  of  revenge,  at  the  instigation  of  Venus,  sense  of  nimbu»;  a  cloud  im 
they  tore  him  in  pieces.  vapor  and  rain. 

Potniadet  quadrigiB,    The  Potnian  mares.  280.  Hippomanej,    TheHi 

See  Geor.  i.  437.  of  ^wo  kinds.     The  one  a  I 

269.  Oargara :  neu.  plu.  a  part  of  mount  gubstance,  lentum  virut,  whic 
Ida,  in  Troas:  here  put  for  any  mountam.  mare,  when  she  wanted  tlie  h 
jfjcamum.  Ascanms,  a  river  In  Bithynia,  t^e  kind  here  meanl.  The 
in  Asia:  here  put  for  any  river.  bunch,  said  to  be  on  the  fo 

275.  Oravida  venio.  This  account  of  the  „3^1«  f^^i^^  colt,  See  .+:n. 
maros  becominir  preirnant  by  the  wind,  is         ,..        .  ^         , 

SalinU  ColumeOa,  u>d  hrro,  a.  Rusus  ,^""  ^"  concept.on,  ahoye 
observes  lcngih^  lentummnudutiUat. 

277.  Mn  Eure,  Sic    Some  nnderstand     ^^"^  drmum. 
tfae  passage  thus :  not  to  thy  rising,  O  east,        283.  J^^on  innoxia :  in  the 

nor  the  rising  of  the  sun ;  but  to  the  north,  J^^i  «^J»  Rubbus. 
la».    Ruffius,  thus:  they  kednot  to  the  eant,        287.  Aeilart  *  to  treat  of  t 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  III. 


12J 


QdIiii  Bt,  et  angiisttB  hunc  addere  rebus  honorem. 

8ed  ne  Pamusi  deserta  per  ardua  dulcis 

Eaptat  amor :  juvat  ire  jugia,  qua  nuUa  priorum 

Caalaliam  molli  divertitur  orbita  clivo. 

Nqdc,  veneranda  Pales,  magno  nnnc  ore  sonandum. 

Ineipiens,  stabulis  edico  in  mollibus  hcrbam 
Oarpere  oreff,  dum  mox  frondosa  reducitur  sestas : 
Et  muhi  duram  st]pul&  fiUcumque  maniplis 
Biemere  subter  humum,  glacies  ne  frigida  Ifedat 
Holle  pecus,  scabiemque  ferat,  turpesque  podagras. 
Pdit,  hinc  dignessus,  jubeo  fronderitia  capris 
Ariwta  sufficere,  et  fluviod  pra^bere  reccntes  ; 
Et  MabuU  a  ventis  hybemo  opponere  Soli 
Ad  medium  ^nversa  diem :  cuin  frigidus  ohm 
Jim  cadit,  extremoque  irrorat  Aquarius  anno. 
Hc  quoque  non  cura  nobis  leviore  tuendae, 
Nee  minor  usus  erit :  quamvis  Milesia  rnagno 
TeOera  mutentur,  Tyrios  incocta  ruhorcs. 
Oensior  hinc  soboles,  hinc  largi  copia  lactis. 

Qiiim  magis  ezhausto  spumaverit  ubere  mulctra ; 

L«Ca  magis  pressis  manabunt  flumina  mammis. 

Nec  minus  interei  barbas  incanaque  menta 

Omjphii  tondent  hirci,  setasque  comantes, 

NOTES. 


291 

SOt.  Qui  nulla  orbita 
prionim  poetarum 

S94.  Nunc  Bonandam 
295  ^^  'Aofru 


29B.  Subtor  ipsis  otm^ 
but 

300      300.  Jubeo  agneoiam 
suliicere 


305.  UtB  cnprtr  Xntn^m 
tunt   nuijiM   iKin   leviore 

Q/>.  cur&  qiiam  ort>$ 

•'"^  30C.  MilcMa  vollera 
incocta  qiiotul  'Vyruw  ru- 
boros  inutentur  inajpio 
pretio. 

310.  Tanto  mngUlmUi 

A|l^  fluniina  lactis 

^*"  312.  InlcrcR  pastoret 
tondent  barbait,  iiicaDa* 
Que 


290.  QiiMi  wtagnum:  how  great,  or  diffi« 
aJt. 

Aecordincf  to  Hoyne^vineere  ea  verbis^  may 
■«■n.  to  redoce,  or  bring  those  thinj^  inio 
^•ctic  nnnibera:  Exprimere  hae  commodi 
poitiem  oruiiane^  saya  be.  Rubu«  Mys,  fu- 
«srarc  i%im  mrgumenia  serwumis  dignitate, 

^nguaOB:  in  the  ■ente  ot  parvis  vel  /lu- 


291.  PamoMn,     Pamaasua  was  a  moun- 
in  Phocia,  at  the  foot  of  which  waa  the 

iwinliin  Cmttalia^  lacred  to  the  munes.    See 

292.  OiM  nuila  orbiia  prtorum,    This  ia 
%  ■oMl  happj  circomlocuUon,  to  denote  a 

ctttirely  new,  and  which  had  never 
tnatcd  of  by  any  one  befora  him. 
Jiagno  ore:   in  a  high  and  lofty 
in  order  to  add  dignity  to  the  auh- 
jKt :  which«  in  importance,  was  inferior  to 
rtat  he  had  just  before  been  treating  of. 
~  '       ee  note  1,  snprm. 
297.  Mmn^lm  JUieum:  with  bundles  of 


Ferai  teabiem :  should  bring  on  the 
and  foul  gout. 

Tbc  podagra  was  a  disease  of  the  feet,  as 
ib  Bame  implies. 

ColomcIIa  mentions  two  diseases,  that 
■ftet  tbe  feet  of  sheep.  Oue,  when  Uiere  is 
a  galling,  and  filth  in  the  parting  of  the 
mf-  liie  •«ther,  when  there  is  a  tuberrle, 
•r#veJJing,  hi  the  same  plarc,  with  a  hair 
■  Lbc  middJc*  and  a  worm  under  iu 


300.  Prondentia  arbuta:  m  the  sense  of 
/rondes  arbuti, 

301.  Fiuvios:  in  the  eense  of  aquam, 
Httfflcere :  in  thc  sciiBe  of  dare, 

304.  Cum  frigidus  Aquarius:  whcn  cold 
AquariuB  at  length  setn,  and  sheds  hiis  dew 
in  the  cnd  of  the  year. 

Aquarius  is  a  sign  of  the  Ecli|)tic,  into 
which  the  aun  enters  about  the  ^-^d  of  Ja- 
nuary.  Also  the  sanie  as  Ganjfmrdts^  thtf 
Hon  of  Tros,  king  of  Troy,  whuni  Jupitor. 
in  tlie  fomi  of  an  eagle,  carried  ii|}  t(i  hoa- 
vcn,  and  made  his  cup-bearer.  Mciirv  he  is 
usually  reprenuntcd  with  a  |)it<:lier  pouring 
out  water.  The  poet  hure  sceiiiR  to  coiiMider 
the  year  as  beginning  with  the  inunib  of 
March,  or  Aries, 

306.  MiUsia:    Milnsian  wool.     Milesia 
an  adj.  from  MUesus^  a  city  in  the  coiiniios 
of  lonia  and  Caria,  famous  for  its  wool. 

308.  Hinc  densior:  from  hence  (from  tho 
goatv)  is  a  moro  numcrous  breed  than  from 
the  shecp — from  Uicm  too  a  greater  quau* 
tity  of  milk. 

Copia  largi  lartis :  for  larga  copia  lactn, 
This  i8  not,  projicrly  «pcakiiig.  by  any  figuro 
of  vpocch,  but  by  what  is  coiniiioiily  called 
poetirn  iictntia, 

309.  Ubere  exhausto:  thcir  udders  bemg 
drained. 

Qijidm  magis :  in  the  scntie  of  ifuoHti 
maf^is. 

312.  Cini/phii:  an  adj.  froin  Ciny/i«,  a 
rivcr  of  Afrira,  noar  tlu*  Garaiiiantoi,  where 
Uic  jfoat  woN  tJiv  niotit  «ha^i^v 


I<»  P.  VIllGILII  MARONI8 

Usum  in  castronim  et  miseris  velamina  ntl 
314.  Vcrd  caprm  pas-  Pascuntur  verd  sylvas,  et  summa  Lycei, 
cnntar  Ilorrentesque  rubos,  et  amantes  ardua  dun 

Atque  ipsse  memores  redcunt  in  tecta,  suoi 
317.  Dacuntqae  saot  Ducunt^  et  gravido  superant  vix  ubere  linM 
•^iiu  i«cwm  Erg6  omni  studio  glaciem  ventosque  nivala 

/  Qu6  minus  est  illis  curae  mortalis  egestas, 

Avertes :  victumque  feres  et  virgea  lietus 
Pabula :  nec  tot&  claudes  fcenilia  bnmni. 
322.  Cum  leta  oMtaa  At  ver6,  Zephyris  cum  laeta  vocantibus  aesl 
mtlai^  Zephyria  vocan-  jn  saltus  utrumque  gregem  atque  in  pascui 
Sl'!!:^"""^  uuiimque  Luciferi  primo  cum  sidere,  frigida  rura 
"mJ^  '^       Carpamus :  dum  mane  novum,  dum  granu 

£t  ros  in  teneri  pecori  graiissimus  herb&  i 
Inde,  ubi  quarta  sitim  cceli  collegerit  hort. 
£t  cantu  querulae  rumpent  arbusta  cicadaB 
Ad  puteos,  aut  alta  greges  ad  stagna  jubel 
Currentem  ilignis  potare  canalibus  undam 
iEstibus  at  mediis  umbrosam  exquirere  va 
Sicubi  magna  Jovis  antiquo  robore  querci 
333.  Sicubi  nemus  ni-  Ingentes  tendat  ramos  ;  aut  sicubi  nigrum 
grum  crebris  iUcibut  ac-  Hicibus  crebris  sacra  nemus  accubet  umbl 

''''A  Tumjubepasio-  J^  ^«""^  ^^^  rureus  aquas,  et  pascei* 
ret  dare  iUit  tenuea         Solis  ad  occasum :  cum  irigidus  aera  Vea] 

Temperat,  et  saltus  reficit  jam  roscida  Lu 
Litoraque  halcyonen  resonant  et  acanthu 

NOTES. 

314.  Sylvat:  in  the  senee  of  arborety  vel    oquator,  but  on  every  otb 
per  iylvas^  Sic,  it  would  vary  from  it. 

Summa :  in  the  sense  of  cacumma,  The  Jewe,  and  some  otl 

Lyca-i:  Lvcsus  waa  a  mountain  in  Ar-  their  day  at  the  rising  o 

eadia,  sacred  to  Pan.  dividcd  the  time  of  his  b< 

315.  Ardua:  high  grounds.    Xoca  is  un-  rizon  into  12  equal  parti 
derstood.  his  being  below  it  into  12 

316.  Suos:  their  young — the  kids.  making  24  portions  of  ea 
320      Virgea  pabula:  osier  teod — tender    tion.     But  this  would  ro 

twigs,  or  browse.  vcry  ditferent  lengtlin  in 

324.  Cum  primoy  &c.    The  meaning  is,  of  the  year.     Some  nati 

when  the  planet  Venus  first  rises,  going  bo-  haiid,  began  the  day  at 

fore  the  sun,  for  then  it  is  called  Lueifer^  sun,  and  divided  it  in  t 

the  larmer  should  drive  his  flocks  to  pas-  Modern  nations  gcnerall 

ture;  and  early  in  the  moming,  w^hen  the  midnight.    Thenautical* 

grass  is  moist  and  tender,  let  them  feed.  or  when  the  sun  is  upon 
Sidere :  in  the  sonse  of  oriu.  328.  Rumpent :  w^eary. 

Carpamus  frigida  rura,     Servius  inter-  Cantu:  in  thc  scnse  of  t 
prets  tliese  words  thus :  Cogamut  eaprat  ear'       .330.  Ilignit  eanalibtu: 

pere  frigida  rura:  hoc  est^  edueamus  greget  Ilignis:  an  adj.  from  ilei 
ad  carpenda^  &c.  331.  ^stibus:  in  tho  i 

327.  C(p/t.     Davidson  connects  ettli  with         334.  Aeeubet  sacrd  ttit 

titim,     RuiBus  and  some  others  take  it  in  or  bcnds,  with  its  sacrec 

thosense  oT  dies^  ttnd  connect  it  with  quarla  in  the  sense  of  ramis^  1 

hora.     Either  preserves  the  sense  and  spirit  says :  Explicai  sacram  io 
of  tho  poet.  338.  Liiora  resonant : 

Ile  beg^ns  the  day  at  the  rising  of  the  the  king-fisher,  and  the 

mn,  otherwise  by  tho  fourth  hour,  the  sun  finch — with  the  musi'^ 

eould  not  bave  caused  thirst  to  man  or  beast.  and  that  of  the  goldfincl 
This  would  correspond  with  our  ten  oVIock,        Aeanthida :  a  Greek 

on  those  days  when  the  eun  is  npon  the  See  Goor.  i.  399. 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  ni.  IM 

Qmd  tibi  pastores  Libys,  quid  pascua  versu 
Prosequar,  et  raris  habitata  mapalia  tectis  ?  340     340.  Quid   proscqoai 

8«pe  diem  Doctemque,  ct  totum  ex  ordine  mensem  j-*^*  ^*'??  pMtorai  Ll- 

Pocitur,  i^ue  pecus  longa  in  deserta  sine  uUis  ^S^"s«pe  pecus  Das- 

Hospitiis :  tantum  campi  jacet.     Omnia  secum  cjtur 

ArmeDtarius  Afer  agit,  tectumque,  laremque, 

Anoaque,  Amyclsumque  canem,  Cressamque  pharetram. 

Noo  secus  ac  patriis  acer  Romanus  in  armis  346 

Injusto  sub  fiisce  viam  cum  carpit,  et  hostem 

Aote  expectatum  positis  stat  in  agmine  castris. 
At  non,  qu?  Scythiss  gentes,  Maeoticaque  unda,  349.  At  non  cff  ne, 

Turbidus  et  torquens  flaventes  Ister  arenas :  350  qu&  ntnt  Scythia  ||;entei 

Quique  redit  medium  Rhodope  porrecta  sub  axem. 

j  NOTES. 

S40.  Pmequar :  in  the  ■ense  of  dieam,  S&l-  346.  JVbn  teeut :  no  other wise  than  tlie  orave 

!■(  dMcribes  theee  MapaliOy  (or  Magalia^  Roman  in  the  amiB  of  hia  country,  when  he 

Ikn:  Ed\ficia  Jfumidarum,  qtut  mapilia  illi  marches  out  under  hia  unequal  load,  and 

iNOU,  oblonga  ineurvit  kUtribtu  ttcta  tunt;  stands  in  battle  array  ugainst  tho  expocted 

Enorttim  earina.    Heyne  aaya  of  them :  encmy. 

I  pattim  per agrot^  non  in  vieot  eoUeeta,  This  paasage  hath  somewhat  di vided  com- 

s  takee  halntaia  in  the  aeuse  of  con-  mentators.     VegetiuSf  quoting  it  in  hia  art 

tinta.    Paueiteatit  eonttantet^  aays  he.  of  war,  hatii  hottem  instead  of  hotti:  anJtt 

341.  £z  ordine :  In  succeuion— one  afler  hottem  expectatum.     This  certainly  is  the 

•BoUier  without  intemiiaaion.  best  and  easiest  reading.     But  hotti  is  the 

341  Hotpiiiit :  retreat — shelter.  usual  reading.    Ante  expectatum  is  usually 

344.  Laretn.    The  Laret  were  domestio  t&ken  in  the  sense  ofantequam  expectetur^  on 

|odi  like  the  Penates.    There  b  some  un-  the  authority  of  verse  206,  where  ame  do' 

enttinty  with  regard  to  their  origin.     At  mandum  is  plainly  for  ante  dometur.    But 

fti£nt,  their  office  was  confined  to  houses  the  two  cases  are  not  oxactly  similar;  the 

ad  domestic  affairs.    Aflerward,  however,  latter  being  a  gerund,  and  the  fornier  a  par- 

^nt  power  and  influence  were  very  much  ticiple  adjective.     On  the  wholc,  I  prefer 

QttBded.    We  find  the  Lares  Urbani^  that  hottem^  as  being  the  easiest. 

INiided  over  ciUes;  Laret  Ruttiei,  that  pre-  But  there  is  anothcr  reason,  which  hath 

Med  over  ihe  country ;  Laret  Compttatet,  gome  weight.     Let  it  be  asked,  why  the 

ftU  presided  over  cross-ways;  Laret  Ma-  Roman  should  march  forth,  pitch  his  camp, 

r^that  presided  over  the  sea  ;Z,ar«  Fi-  and  stand  in  batUe  array,  while  an  enemy  is 

«B,  that  preaided  over  roads,  &c.     Some  not  looked  for,  or  expected  ?     But  taking 

athefe  were  oniy  two  that  were  propcrly  expeetatum,  wiUi  VcgeUus,  to  agree   with 

^  Jd  Laret,  and  Uiese  Uie  sons  of  Mercury  kottem,  Uie  difficulty  wUI  be  removed. 

the  nyniph  Lara,  or  Larunda.     It  is  jqnte  expeeiatumhottem:heroreyOTfLgKinsi 

»  probable,   however,  Uiat   Uiey  were  ,.     ^^^J^a  r«^«  tKo  «,-•  ♦«  L.J  h;,« 


■  iL.  i/           - '     _  .       \      .   .       u    •  j  the  expected  foe— in  the  way  to  meet  him. 

!15T  "    .?  '^^  .  ?i?        ^!^            «•  •4"«  «^ifie»  befo"'.  with  reVpect  to  plac, 

.  mia  the  walls,   or  at  the  entrance    of  .    time  and  to  di      tv 

4i  knise  they  inhabited,  were  thought  to  '                 ^*  ^* 

km  a  care  of  Uie  Uiings  pertaining  to  it,  and  Heyne  mforms  us  that  the  Medicean,  and 

■  fciagh  Uie  superstiUon  of  Uio  age,  received  ■«>'"«  o^e'  copJe»  haveAoj/em,but  he  retains 
in»  bonors.    They  were  worshipped  un-  ^^  "s"*^  reading. 

d»  the  form  of  a  dog :  or,  as  some  say,  347.  Sub  injutto  fatee.    The  Roman  sol- 

•If  eovered  wiUi  Uie  skin  of  that  animal,  <*ier  carned  his  shield,  sword,  helmet,  &c 

hciase  he  is  a  tmsty  guard  to  the  house.  "i^    »"<>  provisions   sufficient  for  half  a 

Isrei,  by  meton.  is  oflen  put  for  one's  month:  in  weight  about  60  pounds.  FoMeti 

■i»,  balHUUon,  or  family.    Agit :  in  Uie  "»  ^*»©  «6"««  ^^  ^^^- 

eXfert.  349.  Mctotiea' unda.     This  is  the  Pahu 

S45w  wf  iiiyr/atfiii  .*  an  adj.  from  Amyelte^  Mceotit^  or  the  sea  of  Azof,  I^ring  to  the  north 

ftcit|r  of  Laconia,  famous  for  its  dogs  and  of  the  Euxine,  but  connected  with  it  by  the 

f   itttlaf,  aiid  for  its  beinf  the  reputed  place  straits  of  Caffa.      The  ancients  called  al! 

tf  tbe  Bativitjr  of  Castor  and  Polluz.  those  naUons  lying  toward  the  north  of 

an   adj.   from   Creia^   a  well  Europe  and  Asia,  Seythiant, 

!«ad  in  tlie  Mediterranean,  whose  350.  Itter :  the  Danube. 

were    fiunons   in  the   art  of  35L  Rhodope.     A  range  of  mowntaSEiyi 

Jifmm  :  atenaib.  rising  in  Thraoe,  ind  extendm^  lo  >}Ekft  «aA 


124.  r.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Illic  ciausa  tenent  stabulis  armenta :  neque  vi 
Aut  herbai  campo  apparent,  aut  arbore  frondl 
S54.  Terra  jacet  m-  Sed  jacet  aggeribus  niveis  informis,  et  aho 
fopmw  niTeu  oggoribui^  Terra  gelu  late,  septemque  assurgit  in  ulnas. 

®^  Ji?  ^?i"  **^  a  Semper  hyems,  semper  spirantes  frigora  Caur 

:lj6.  lUie  ■emper  esi  n^        oiii*      uj  j-       ^:*        l. 

hyeine  Tum  Sol  pallentes  haud  unquam  discutit  uin» 

Nec  cum  invectus  equis  altum  petit  aethera ;  i 

Prsecipitem  Oceani  rubro  lavit  squore  cumiii 

Concrescunt  subitae  currenti  in  flumine  crusti 

Undaque  jam  tergo  ferratos  sustinet  orbes, 

Puppibus  illa  prius  patulis,  nunc  hospita  plaui 

iEraque  dissiliunt  vulgd,  vestesque  rigeacunt 

S64.C»da]itvinajmi«f  IndutsB,  cffiduntque  securibus  humida  vina, 

hunuda  g^  ^q^  solidam  in  glaciem  vert^re  lacunas, 

Stiriaque  impexis  induruit  horrida  barbis. 
Interea  toto  non  secius  aere  ningit : 
Intereunt  pecudes :  stant  circumfusa  pruinis  ■ 
Corpora  magna  boum :  confertoque  agmine  c 
Torpent  mole  novi,  et  summis  vix  comibus  e 
371.  Ineola  non  agi-  Hos  non  immissis  canibus,  non  cassibus  ullis, 

taot  ho8  pavidos  Puniceffive  agitant  pavidos  formidine  pennae : 

373.  Sed  cominAs  ob-  g^^  frustra  oppositum  trudentes  pectore  mon^ 

tmncant  eot  ferro  fru§-  r«       •    »«       u*  -.  r  •*  j     ^ 

tritrudentespecioreop-  Cominus  obtruncant  ferro,  graviterque  rudenl 

poeitum  montem  nivis     Caedunt,  et  magno  Iteti  clamore  reportant. 

376.  Ineola  ipsi  agunt  Ipsi  in  defossis  specubus  secura  sub  alt& 
■•w***  o^  Otia  agunt  terr& :  congestaque  robora,  totas^ 

Advolvere  focis  ulmos,  ignique  ded^re. 

Hic  noctem  ludo  ducunt,  et  pocula  Iseti 

Fermento  atque  acidis  imitantur  vitea  sorbis. 

Talis  Hyperboreo  septem  subjecta  trioni 

NOTES. 

and  louth  till  it  meets  mount  Hemus;  afler  371.  Abn  agiiani  hos :  thej 

which  it  turns,  and   ■tretchee  toward  the  sue  them,  &c. 

^oiih,                     j  r        j  The /ormido  was  a  line  or  c 

354.  Informu:  deformed— disfigured  by  piume»  of  varioua  colors  werf 

the  mounds  of  snow.  the  purpose  of  terrifymg  wil 

356.  Septem  ulnas :  thia  is  about  ten  and  was  so  oxtended  or  etretched  i 
a  half  foet  of  our  measure.  haunU,  or  path»,  as  to  lead  o) 

357.  Dieeulit :  in  the  «enee  of  disnpai.        insenaibly  into   the  net.    Pu 
359.  Lavit:  waahes  his  descending  car  in    crimson. 

the  red  surface  of  the  ocean.  0-^    r    4  •  •_  •*     j        :^  .  .,. 

of  the  reflecUon  of  the  .un'.  rly.  from  it.  »•>«  draught.  of  wine  w.th  tl 

rarface,  when  near  the  horizon.  **^*    "  ®'" 

361.  Ferralos  orbts:  wheels  bound  with  Fermenio:  any  fermented  h 

iron.  Aeidis  sorbis :   the  acid  8« 

363.  Illa  priiis  tiospUa :  that  (the  water  service-berries ;  by  meton.  f< 
in  the  rivers)  before  friendly  to  the  broad  made  of  them,  usually  render 
ships — ^now  to  wagons.  380.  Ftiea  poeula :  wine. 

Hospita  :     hospitable — kind  ;     receiving  poetical. 

them  aa  a  guost,  and  treating  them   with  381.  Septem — irioni.     The 

kindness.  word  are  separated  by  Tmesii 

364.  Humida :  in  the  sonse  of  liquida.  The  Septemirio  is  a  constcll 
Prius  liquida^  says  Ruieus.  north    pole,   called  the   grea 

So  intenfle  is  the  cold  in  high  northem  which  are  soven  stars,  somctii 
.atitudes,  that  the  spirit  of  wine  ha?  been  plough,  becausc  thoy  are  supp 
fh»zeii  in  the  therm  >meter.  that  shape  ;  also  the  parts 


GfiORGICA.    LTB.  IIL  '  iW 

flm  efllnnui  Tirihn  RiphaRo  tunditur  Euro 
b  pecudum  riilvis  velantur  corpora  setis. 

Si  (ibi  laniciuni  cune  :  pnmum  aspera  sylva, 
Uppa^que  tribuUque  absint :  fuge  pabula  la;ta  :  385 

Contioiidque  greges  villis  lege  moljibus  albos. 

nuin  lutem,  quainvis  aries  sit  candidus  ipse,  387.  Autein,  qatmvif 

Nign  subest  udo  tantum  cui  lingua  palato,  ariefl  ipse  sit  candidoi, 

Rqice,  ne  maculis  infuscet  vellera  pullis  ^j»*»  illum,  cui  tantiiin 

Nycentfim ;  plenoque  alium  circumspice  campo.       390  "**^ 
Nonere  sic  niveo  lanie,  si  credere  dignum  est, 
hn  Deus  Arcadiie  captam  te,  Luna,  fefellit, 
h  nemora  alta  vocans :  nec  tu  aspemata  vocantem.  393.  Nec  tn  a«peniafa 

At  cui  lactis  amor,  cytisum,  lotoaque  frequentes  "  """ 

tpn  manu,  salsasque  ferat  pr»sepibus  herbas.  395 

nioc  et  amnnt  fluvios  magis,  et  magis  ubera  tendunt, 
Et  salis  occultum  referunt  in  lacte  saporem. 
Multi  jam  excretoe  prohibent  a  matribus  hcedos, 
Primaque  ferratis  praRfigunt  ora  capistris. 

Qiiod  luigcnte  die  muls^re,  horisque  diumis,  400     400.  Quod  lattu  mul- 

Nocte  premunt :  quod  jam  tenebris,  et  sole  cadente,        **^i    Quod  iaelu  mid» 
8ub  lucem  exportans  calathis  adit  oppida  pastor,  ^^  tenebris 

Aat  parco  sale  contingunt,  hyemique  reponunt. 

Nec  tibi  cura  canum  fuerit  postrema :  sed  una 
Vdoces  Spartse  catulos,  acremque  Molossum  405 

Ptare  sero  pingui :  nunquam,  custodibus  illis, 
Noctumum  stabulis  furem,  incursusque  lupomm, 
Aut  impacatos  a  tergo  horrebis  Iberos. 
^Kpe  etiam  cursu  timidos  agitabis  onagros : 
Gtcanibiis  leporem,  canibus  venabere  damas.  410 

Svpe  volutabris  pulsos  sylvestribus  apros 
Utratu  turbabis  agens :  montesque  per  altos 
bv^tem  clamore  premes  ad  retia  cervum. 

NOTES. 

^iag  under  that  eoniitenation ;  a]«o  simply,  399.  Prima  ora  prt^figttni  ftrram  eapu' 

■•  Dorth.     Sutjeela :  lying — placed.  trit :  by  Hypallage  for,  prt^figuni  fer^^^a  ea- 

584.   LaniHwm:    the  woollen  trade,  or  pw/ra  ^mw  ori^iu ;  they  prefix  to  Uie  end 

*mnfacturc.  ^^  their  mouths  iron  muzilo8.    Theae  were 

Latwequtl  tribuHqw :   both  burr»,  and  >«  «"ch  a  form  as  lo  prick  Ihe  dam,  if  the 

HkiitJei,  offered  to  let  thom  suck ;  but  not  to  prevent 

m  Grtgee :  in  tbe  eenM  of  oves.  ^hem  from  caUng  graM. 

S9(^  Jfa$eeni{tM:  a  part  of  tuueor^  uaed  402.  Exporlant  ealathis:  carrying  it  in 

«i  a  rab. :  of  the  lambe.  baakets,  he  goee,  Jlte.— carrying  it  made  into 

»1.  Jfiveo  nntnere.    The  poet  hath  refer-  butter,  curd»,  and  cheese. 

^  here  to  Uie  fable  of  Pan^i  bein^  in  love  405.  Sparta :  the  most  famoui  cHy  of  tha 

*ith  Luaa.     By  changtng  himnelf  into  a  Peloponneeeui,  and  celebrated  for  iti  ezcel- 

^ow-white  ram,  he  deceived  her ;  and  do-  lent  dogi. 

•Jiaf  her  into  the  wooda,  deflowered  her.  Moloinm:  a  dog,  so  called  from  Mokena, 

fJobui,  bowaver,  relatei  the  itory  different-  ^^  country  of  Epirui,  lo  called  from  Jdolotnu^ 

ir   He  nyi,  Pan  being  in  love  wilh  Luna,  ^1,^  «on  of  Pyrrhui,  king  of  Epinii,  and 

««led  her  the  choice  of  ajiy  of  hii  flock ;  Andromache,  the  widow  of  Hector.    8ee 

^  ekoonng  tho  whiteit,  ihe  wai  deceived,  jp^^^  j|^  292. 

^•«-etheyweiethewont.  '408.'7ter«;  theSpaniardi,wcaUed,from 

S91  Temhm.  :  in  the  senie  of  dutenduni.  the  /ftfrw,  («bdte,  Elfro,)  a  river  of  Spain. 

3Mk    Exereio» :    grown  la-iJT^ — or   luffi-  They  were  lo  notnrioui  for  their  robborie% 

^tety  gtowB  to  taae  care  of  themielvei;  that  they  became  a  proverb.    ThepoetlMfV 

•f  «r  and  ereaeo.  oiei  their  naroe  for  robbttia  Vn  vvKi»n3L 


126  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Disce  et  odoratam  stabulis  acceDdere  cedi 

Galbaneoque  agitare  graves  nidore  chelydrot 

Sttpe  sub  immotis  praesepibus,  aut  mala  tacti 

Vipera  delituit,  ccelumque  exterrita  fugit ; 

Aut  tecto  assuetus  coluber  succedere  et  uml 

Pestis  acerba  boum,  pecorique  aspergere  vir 

Fovit  humum.     Cape  saxa  manu,  cape  robo 

Tollentemque  minas,  et  sibila  coHa  tumenteD 

Dejice  :  jamque  fugi  timidum  caput  abdidit  t 

Cum  medii  nexus,  extremaeque  agmina  caudi 

Solvuntur,  tardosque  trahit  sinus  ultimus  oHm 

£st  etiam  ille  malus  Calabris  in  saltibus  angi 

Squamea  convolvens  sublato  pectore  terga, 

4S7.  MaoalcMnu  quoad  Atque  notis  longam  maculosus  grandibus  alv 

iifigam  Qui,  dum  amnes  ulli  rumpuntur  fontibus,  et  i 

■U  *^a        '^''^         ^®'®  madent  udo  terree,  ac  pluvialibus  Austr 

^  Stagna  colit ;  ripisque  habitans,  hic  piscibua 

Improbus  ingluviem,  ranisque  loquacibus  ez] 
Postquam  exhausta  palus,  terneque  ardore  d 
^3.  In  nocam  eam-  Exilit  in  siccum  ;  et  flammantia  lumina  torqi 

Ssevit  agris,  asperque  siti,  atque  exterritus  m 
Ne  mihi  tum  moUes  sub  dio  carpere  somnos, 
Neu  dorso  nemoris  libeat  jacuiase  per  herbai 
Cum  positis  novus  exuviis,  nitidusque  juventi 
Volvitur,  aut  catulos  tectis  aut  ova  relinquen: 
Arduus  ad  Solem,  et  linguis  micat  ore  trisulc 
Morborum  quoque  te  causas  et  signa  docc 

NOTES. 

415.  Oaibaneo :  an  adj.  firom  galbanum,  425.  Calabris :  an  adj.  froin 

a  gom,  or  liquor,  at  the  smell  of  which  ler-  south-castern  part  of  Italj. 

pents  flee.  It  is  agrecd  that  thc  snake  1 

Chelydros :  Chelydrus  is  properlj  a  water  is  thc  chersi/drus.     Thosc  serp* 

tortoiso — a  land  or  water  snake :  qui  modb  in  that  part  of  Italy.     Thcy 

tn  paludibus^  modh  in  arboribus  latet,  bious.     Tlicir  naino  is  of  Gre 

417.  yipera :  a  species  of  serpent,  very  The  poet  hcre  gives  a  vcry  ) 
poisonous ;  so  called  from  the  circumstance  tion  of  that  destructive  rcptili 
of  its  bringing  forth  its  youn^  alive.  428.  Rumpuntur  :  in  the  » 

Cttlum  :    for  lueem,     Mala:   noxious —  puntyve\rumpunt  se. 

poitonous.  430.  Improbus  implet:  gree< 

418.  Coluber :  a  species  of  snake,  which  filthy  maw  with  fish,  &c. 
Mr.  Martyn  takes  for  the  same  that  Pliny  432.  Kxhausta  :  exhauste 
calls  bocu^  from  the  circumstance  of  its  feed-  Valpy  reads  exusta^  but  mcntii 
ing  on  cow'8  miik,  which  it  draws  from  the  rity.  Exhausta  is  the  commoi 
teat.  If  this  be  the  case,  we  see  thc  pro-  435.  T\im  ne  libeat  milii :  tl 
priety  of  the  poet*8  calling  the  serpent,  please  me  to  tako,  &c. 
aeerbapestisboum:  thedireful  pestof  cattle.  436.  Dorso,     Some  render 

4^.  Fovit  terram:  hugs  the  ground.  back,  rcferring  it  to  the  posl 

423.  Medii  nextis :  the  middle  joints.  But  thero  is  no  necessity  of  tl 

Agminaque  extremet  eauda :   the   move-  pose  the  grove  to  be  on  an  emi 

ments',  or  windingt  of  the  end  of  his  tail.  — on  the  side  or  edge  of  a  gro 

Agmen  \b  properly  an  army  of  men  on  the  437.  Positis  entviis :  his  il 

roarch;  it  is  also  said  of  a  serpent:  Quia  off.     The  snake,  it  is  well  kn 

eorporis  pars  pbst  partem  sueeedii^  atque  ogi'  his  skin  evcry  year.     Exuit  it  t 

tur  instar  exercitus  agminatim  procedentis^  says  Pliny. 

•ayi  Rufeus.  438.  Tectis :  hb  habitation- 

4S4   Ultimus  siJitu :  the  extreme  joints  or  439.  Mieat  ore :  he  vibratea ' 

fblda  of  his  tail  draw  the  slow  wreaths  or  forked   tongue  in  his  mouth| 

Spires  along.  RusBas  says,  extrema  eurvatura.  three  forked  topguc  vibrates  j 


GEORGICA.    Lia  III.  19» 

Iiirpif  ofw  tentat  scabies,  ubi  frigidus  imber 

ilb^  td  rirum  persedit,  et  horrida  cano 

Brama  gelu :  vel  cum  tonsia  illotus  adhsesit  ^-  Bruma  horrida 

tJodor,  et  hirsuti  secuerunt  corpora  vepres.  ^*^^  ^ 

Ddcibus  idcirco  fluviis  pecus  omne  magistri  446 

PeifuDdunt,  udisque  aries  in  gurgUe  villis 

Memtur,  missusque  secundo  defluit  amni  : 

Ant  tonsum  tristi  contingunt  corpus  amurc4, 

Et  spumas  miscent  argenti,  vivaque  sulphura, 

IdBuque  pices,  et  pingues  unguine  ceras,  460 

Sdlliinque,  helleborosque  gravcs,  nigrumque  bitumen. 

NoQ  Umen  ulla  magis  pnesens  fortuna  laborum  est, 

Qiiam  si  quis  ferro  potuit  rescindere  summum 

Ukeris  os :  alitur  vitium,  vivitque  tegendo : 

Dom  medicas  adhibere  manus  ad  vulnera  pastor         456 

Abnegat,  et  meliora  Deos  sedet  omina  poscens 

Qnn  etiam  ima  dolor  balant(hn  iapsus  ad  ossa 

Cum  fiuit,  atque  artus  depascitur  arida  febris ; 

ProTuit  incensos  estus  avertere,  et  inter 

Iffli  ferire  pedis  salientem  sanguine  venam,  460 

Bisaltc  quo  more  solent,  acerque  Gelonus,  461.  Eodem  mon.qno 

Com  fugit  in  Rhodopen,  atque  in  deserta  Getarum,  BiMlt*  lolent  /erire  «•- 

Et  kc  concretnm  cum  sanguine  potat  equino.  ^^''ara  o 

Qittm  procul,  aut  molU  succedere  seepius  umbne  ^^^s  pi^TauT  ro  J(Il 

Videris,  aut  summas  carpentem  ignavius  herbas,         465  dere  sspiiis  molli  mn- 
Gitremamque  sequi,  aut  medio  procumbere  campo  brs 

?k8centem,  et  sersB  solam  decedere  nocti ;  466.  Eztremamque  m 

fkmtinud  culpam  ferro  compesce,  priusquam  ^^  emterat 

NOTES. 

i43.  TWiff .-  to  the  shom  sheep.    Ovibut        456.  Meliora  omina :  better  Bucceflw— or 

■  «adMitood.  luck. 

445.  Magisiri :  in  the  Bense  ofvattorei.  Verbs  of  asking,  teaching,  &c.  govom 

446.  Ourgite:  in  the  aenae  ofjfuvio,  two  accuaativea,  one  of  the  person,  tho  otbm 
U8.  TritH:  bitter.  of  the  thmg. 

CmUmguni:  in  the  aenae  ofungimt,  457.  Laptut:  penetratingr. 

449.  SpwtMt  argenii:  litharge.  Some  460.  Jnter  ima  pedit:  in  the  senae  of  m- 
■Dderituid  quickailver;  but  it  is  not  certain  ter  imat  tmgulat  pedit:  between  the  divi- 
vbetber  the  ancienta  called  that,  tptuna  ar-  aiona  or  parto  of  the  hoof.  Ferire:  to  opoi 
V^  a  vein. 

450.  Idaat  pieet:  the  pitch  ie  here  called  461.  Bitalta:  a  people  of  Macedonia. 
Meuit  ftom  mount  Ida,  in  Troas,  whose  Oeloni:  a  people  of  Scythia,  who  |*aint» 
pilck  wu  the  best.  cd  their  bodies,  to  be  more  temble  to  their 

4al.  Seillam :  the  aquiU,  or  aea  onion ;  it  is  a  enemiea. 

MboQiroot,likeanonion,but  muchlargcr.  462.  Oetarum:  the  Getie  were  a  peopla 

BtUtborof,     There  are  two  kinds  of  hcl-  of  Thrace,  inhabiting  Masia  interior^  not 

lebon,  the  white  and  the  black.     The  for-  far  from  the  mouth  of  the  Itier. 

MKiitTiMr.  Martyn,iB  aerviceable  in  dis-  463.  Concretum:  thickened. 

eMBof  theakin,  if  it  be  ezteraaUy  applied ;  467.  Deeedere  terte  noeti:  to  jield  or  jnTr 

^  it  will  not  do  to  be  taken  interaaliy,  as  placo  to  the  late  nighU     She  waa  the  laat 

tfca  black  kind  will.     Ifence  he  thinka,  V^ir-  to  leave  the  paature  grounds,  and  thon  com- 

fil  bere  meana  the  white,  bv  hia  using  the  pelled  only  by  the  darknesB  of  the  nighu 

ipitbetgropu,  Btrong-scented.  She  yielded  to   the   darknesa,    and   went 

451  Fbrtuna  laborum:  remedy  of  their  home. 

£BeaBe,  or  sofferinga.    PreKTM.*  Bpeedy —  468.Cti^m.  By  thiff  wearetoundoTBland 

alScacious.  the  diseascd  shecp^  and  not  Bimply  the  af- 

454.  Summum  ot  uleerit :  the  hiffhefft  part,  fcctcd  part,  as  Ruieus  and  somo  othcrs  nn- 

m  komi  of  tbe  eore.     Vitium :  the  malady,  dcrBtand  it.     The  poet  advises,  a»  soon  aa 

Tegendo:  by  being  concealed.  you  discover,  by  the  signsaboYe  mentionaf* 


12S  P.  YIRG1LII  MARONIS 

Dira  per  incautum  serpant  contagia  vulgns, 
Non  tam  creber,  agens  hyemem,  ruit  asquon 

471.  Qn&m  pentMpe-  Quam  multffi  pecudum  pestes :  noc  singula  ) 
fmduin  sunt  mult»  Corpora  corripiunt ;  sed  tota  lestiva  repent^ 

Spemque,  gregemque  simul,  cunctamque  nh 

474.  Tum    tlle  sciat  'Y^j^  sciat,  aerias  Alpes  et  Norica  si  quis 

i^"nunr!lnTi^iL  Castelk  iu  tumulis,  et  lapidis  arva  Timavi, 
am  nunc  quoque  tanto  _ ,  ^    \       ^     '  %  i 

poet  vidoai  aeriaa  Alpes,  Nunc  quoque  pOst  tanlo  vidcat,  dcsertaque  i 

et  Norica  castella  in  tu-  Pastorum,  et  longe  saltus  lateque  vacantes. 

mulis,  et  arva  lapidls      Hic  quondam  morbo  coeli  miseranda  cooi 

Timavi,  dcHertaque  reg-  Tempestas,  totoque  autumni  incanduit  lestu, 
Qa  Dastorum,  et  saltus     n.  :  j         i    r«  £ 

Et  genus  omne  ncci  pecudum  dedit,  omne  s 
Corrupitque  lacus,  infecit  pabula  tabo. 
Nec  via  mortis  erat  simplex  :  sed  ubi  ignea 
Omnibus  acta  sitis  miseros  adduxerat  artus  \ 
Rursus  abundabat  fluidus  liquor ;  omniaquc 
Ossa  minutatim  morbo  collapsa  trahebat. 
So^pe  in  honore  DeOm  medio  stans  hostia  ai 
Lanea  dum  nivei  circumdatur  infula  vitt&, 
Inter  cunctantes  cecidit  moribunda  ministro 
489.  Aut  81  eacerdoB  Aut  si  quam  ferro  mactaverat  ante  sacerdoi 
macuverat  quam  fuu-  i^de  neque  impositis  ardent  altaria  fibris, 
«SerSriide"*   "^^  Nec  rcsponsa  potest  consultus  reddere  vato 
492.  Suppotiti  rieeri-  ^^  ^^  suppositi  tinguntur  sanguine  cultrif 
hut  Tiz  tinguntur  Siunmaque  jejuni  sanie  infuscatur  arena. 

Hinc  Istis  vituli  vulg6  moriuntur  in  herbia, 
v  tA  .     Et  dulces  animas  plena  ad  praosepia  redduo 

fi>ii*  It  :mmJJ!?I* -?!ili:'  Hinc  canibus  blandis  rabies  venit ;  et  quatit 
feiix, « immemor  studi-  -.,      .         ,    ,  /.       «i  •.    i      • 

orum,  atque  herb»,  la-  Tussis  anhela  sues,  ac  faucibus  angit  obesu 
bitur  Labitur  infelix  studiorum,  atque  immcmor  i 

NOTES. 

that  any  one  of  jour  sheep  u  diseased,  to        485.  TVahebal  otnnia :  ai 

take  away  the  faulty  animal :  kill  it  forth-  bonee,  wasted,  or  conaumed 

«rith,  that  the  contagion  may  not  spread  by  the  disease,  into  iteelfl 

among  the  unwary  flock.     Thie  is  the  sense  «e,  says  Ruieus. 
of  Davidson  and  Valpy.  487.  Infula,     Thia  was  i 

474.  J^onea:   an  adj.   from  Abrumm,  a  ©r  band,  niade  of  wool,  and 

country  of  Germany,  m  the  neighborhood  tcmples  of  the  victim;    bx 

of  the  Alps,  but  boyond  them  with  regard  the  whole  head :  from  it  hi 

to  Italy.  fiUet, 

THmavi:  Timavus,  a  small  river  in  the        ^qtv    jp,.,   .      ,.  ^  a^, 
Venetian  territory,  called  lapidit  (lapidian)        ^^'  ^^^  '  ™  ^^^ 
from  lapidet,  an  ancient  people,  who  in-        4,9%  SupposUi:  apphed 

habited  that  part  of  it,  through  which  the  °'  "«■"• 
THwuivus  flowed.  493.  Jauna  sanie :  with  1 

476.  Regna :  posseseions.  In  these  diseaBes,  the  blood 

479.  Misetxtnda  tempestas :  a  direful  pes-  converted  into  a  thin  mea 

tilence  arose.  the  poet  calls  Jluidus  liq\ 

JEstu :  he^L     IneanduU:    raged  during  vaded  the  body  so  Uiorougl 

tho  whole  hoat  of  autun^n.  converted  the  marrow,  and 

481.  Tabo:  with  a  poistmous  quality.  into  itself. 

Laeus:  in  the  sense  ofaquam,  496.  Rabies:  madnesa. 

482.  Jfee  pia  mortis :  nor  was  the  manner        497.  Anhda  tussis:   a  ' 
of  their  death  simple  and  common.    It  was  shakes  the  diseased  swine. 
oomplicated,  and  attended   with  affecting        Obeiis:    a  disease  soiiM 
dicumstances.  quinsy. 

483.  Sitit:  properly  thirst.  By  meton.  498.  Studiorum:  of  hb  i 
the  fcver  causing  it.  Ignea  sitis:  the  raging  racea  in  which  he  boro  off  \ 
fcvar.  tory. 


OEURGIGA.    LIB.  III. 


1» 


is ,  AMiteaque  avertitur,  et  pede  terram 

:  deuii&Me  aures  :  iiicertus  ibidein  500 

lle  quideni  morituris  frigidus  :  aret 
l  tactum  tractanti  dura  rei^istit. 
xitium  primis  dant  signa  diebus : 
esisu  ccepit  crudencere  morbus, 
.rdentes  oculi,  atque  attractus  ab  alto        605 
^rdum  geinitu  gravis :  imaque  longo 
i  tendunt :  it  naribus  ater 
obsessas  feuces  premit  aspera  lingua. 
rto  latices  infundere  comu 
1  vi^  salus  morientibus  una.  510 

ix^  ipsum  exiiio  :  furiisque  refecti 

ipsi<|ue  suos,  jam  morte  sub  a;gr^, 
.  piis,  erroremque  iiostibus  ilium) 
idis  laniabant  dentibus  artus. 
em  duro  fumans  sub  vomere  taurus  515 

mixtum  spumis  vomit  ore  cruorem, 
le  ciet  gemitus  :  it  tristis  arator, 
abjungens  fratema  morte  juvencum, 
3  in  medio  defijui  relinquit  aratra. 
t  altorum  nemomm,  non  mollia  poasunt    520 
re  animum,  non,  qui  per  saxa  volutus 
:ro  campum  petit,  amnis :  at  ima 
itera,  atque  oculoa  stupor  urget  inertes, 
iue  fluit  devexo  pondere  cervix. 

aut  benefiu^  juvant  ?  quid  vomere  terras 


601.  Et  ill«  tiMfof  qnl- 
dem  erai  frigidiui  iU 
morituris 

504.  In  proeeMaita^ 
porit 


509.  Primi  profuit. 

511.  lUi  rcfecti  Ulo 
vino 

5\2,  Ipsique  jam  mh 
cgra  morte,  laniabant 
8U08  artun  digciiHMM 


raves  ?  atqui  non  Massica  Bacchi 
n  illis  epulflB  nocuere  reposte : 
it  victu  pascuntur  simplicis  herbe : 

fontes  liquidi,  atque  exercita  cursu 
lec  somnos  abrumpit  cura  salubres. 

non  alio^  dicunt,  regionibus  iilis, 
I  sacra  boves  Jmionis,  et  uris 


525.  Qaid  eoniiiilabor, 
^26  "^^^  benefacta  AmhM 
juvant  eot/  Quid  Jmmi 
eoM  invertine  gravee  tM^ 
raa  vomere? 

530 


NOTES. 


fnhappy — miserable,  afler  all  St%ip9r:  a  etupor,  or  deat|i-like  appaa^ 

1«.  Ttu8  is  the  eeiiBe  of  Rusus.  ance,  reete  upon  their  heavy  eyee. 

uf  ;    unccrtain— the  cause   of  5125.  Jtiwm/:  Rueui  saye,  oroninf. 

iknown:  or,  variou..-fluctua.  ^gg    ^^^^.    ^^^  ^^^^  ^.^  ^^  j^, 

chu8 — wine. 


on,  and  going  off,  by  tums. 
re  ueed  adverbially ;  a  Grocism. 
hu    attracius:    thoir    breatli, 


Matsiea:  an  adj.  from  Matsieut,  a  moui* 

the  bottom  of   the  broast,  is  tain  in  Campania,  famous  for  ite  rich  wiaee. 

»»j  (mtern.pted)  with  «groin.  53^,  j^^^           ^^     j,„,  j^  ^,„  5^^, 

t  «>b,  or  .obbing.  j^  j   b,jUhftU  •lamb.n. 

«j;  swollen — obstructed.  *^ 

^  laiieet :  ainiply,  wine.  '^^^  whole  account  of  this  fatal  murraui 

rto:    a  hom  put  down   their  i»  one  of  Virgil"s  finest  pieces.    ButfVomtlM 

h  whidi  the  wine  was  poured.  515lh  line,  Eeee  auiem^  &c.  il  is  extremely 

neliora^  &c.      May  the  gods  tender,  and  inimiUble  in  beanty ;  and  par. 

things  to  the  pious,  and  that  ticularly  the  last  siz  lines.    They  wera  M 

estrue%^  to  our  enemies.  ^^^^  adraired  by  Scaliger,  that  he  dedaicii 

tddmni,  or  another  of  the  like  ^^  J»*^.  ^^»>«'  haye  been  the  auUiQr  of 

l^fgtoQ^,  them,  than  to  have  had  the  tavor  of  Crowai^ 

Bm.*  theirflanksarelank,  or  or  Cyrus. 

resnml,  says  Heyne.  538.  Qucfilos :  Miight  aftar^wiaVlA. 

10 


130  P-  VIRGILII  MAR0N18 

633.  Ourrus  ejut  duc-  Imparibus  ductos  alta  ad  donariii  cumis. 
^A**'*  *^ ,         .       Erg6  8Bgre  rastris  terram  rimantur,  et  ipsM 
«J^rimSuii  °^     Unguibus  infodiunt  fruges,  montesque  per  i 

Contenta  cervice  trahunt  stridentia  plausti^ 
Non  lupus  insidias  explorat  ovilia  cincum, 
Nec  gregibus  noctumus  obambulat :  acrioi 
Cura  domat.     Timidi  damae,  cervique  fugf 
Nunc  interque  canes,  et  circum  tecta  vaga 
Jam  maris  immensi  prolp-m,  et  genus  omm 
Litore  in  extremo,  ceu  naufraga  corpora,  I 
Proluit :  insolita;  fugiunt  in  flumina  phociB 
Interit  et  curvis  frustra  defensa  latebris 
Vi|>era,  et  attoniti,  squamis  astantibus,  hyd 
Ipsis  est  aer  avibus  non  aequus,  et  iUae 
Prascipitcs  altH  vitam  sub  nube  relinquunt. 
PraBterea,  nec  jam  mutari  pabula  refert, 

649.Magi8trimf(/irtnis  Qua^sitaeque  nocent  artes  :  cess^re  magisti 
cetsere  mederi,  Phillyrides  Chiron,  Amythaoniusque  Melai 

Sasvit  et  in  lucein  Stygiis  emissa  tenebris 

65S.  Ant*  se  Pallida  Tisiphone  :  morbos  agit  ante  metu 

Inque  dies  avidum  surgens  caput  altius  effi 
Balatu  pecorum,  et  crebris  mugitibus,  ami 
Arentesque  sonant  ripae,  collesque  supini. 
Jamque  catervatim  dat  stragem,  atque  agg 
In  stabulis  turpi  dilapsa  cadavera  tabo : 

658.  Donec  Agrieol^  Donec  humo  tegere,  ac  foveis  abscondere 
dbcant  tegere  iUa  humo  Nam  neque  erat  coriis  usus  :  nec  viscera  < 

tfti  M««  ^^m^^*  «„:  '  Aut  undis  abolere  potest,  aut  vincere  flam 
601.  Woc  poflsunt  qui-  xt       .       i  •  ?    '  •      -ii     • 

dera  tondere  vellera,  pe-  ^^^  tondere  quidem  morbo  illuvieque  pen 

rosa  Vellera,  nec  telas  possunt  attingere  putres 

NOTES. 

633.  Urii  imparibus:  hy  bufTalocs,  une-         551.  Styf^iM:  an  adj.  frai 

qually  matched.    Ductos :  drawn.    Riman-  Arcadia,  whoffo  watcr  was 

tur:  brcak  up,  or  till.  sonous,  that  it  proved  fatal 

536.  Conlenta  cenici :  with  thcir  strainod  »t-     This,  together  witfi  thc 

neck,  they  draw,  &c.  its  disappcaring  undcr  thc  ei 

637.    Expiprat:    mediUtee,    or    deeigns.  to  feign  it  to  bc  a  ri  vcr  of  he 

Meditatur,  Zys  Ru.us.  ^^^^  «^/^  ^^  ^'^^^  T^ .  i" 

.        "L                        ,  m  8uch  vencration  by  Ihe 

Ml.  Jamjiwtus:  now  the  wavea  wash  Qsuallv  swore  by  it ;   and 

ap  the  race  of  the  boundlew,  &c.  tj,eir  oath  at  anv  timc,  the 

Such  was  the  extcnt,  and  dogrce  of  the  prjved  of  their  divinily  for 

infecUon  of  the  air,  thal  it  rcached  cven  to  553.  /^  rf,>, ;  daily— eve 

the  «caly  tribea.     But   Ariiitotle   observe»,  555.  SupinicoUes:  elopi; 

that  mfecUoua  diseaaes  never  rcach  to,  or  556.   Jamque  dat:    and 

invade,  fi»hefc  phone)  deals  destruction  bi 

^ataniikm:  a  pre8.part.  of  the  verb  ncr/o,  657.  Dilapsa:  wasted,  0 

taken  aa  a  sub.  of  fishes,  659.  JWr  quisquam :   no 

543.  Insoiittt;  unusual— contrary  to  their  cleansc  it  with  watcr,  or  p 

custom.  conquer,  or  ovcrcume  the  i 

550.   Chirofu     He  was  the  son  of  Satum  Viseera :  thc  ficsh  in  gei 

and  Phillyra.     It  is  said  he  taught  £scu-  under  the  skin. 

lapius  in  physic,  Hercules  in  astronomy,  and  560.  Undis:  in  the  8en« 

Achiiles  in  music.  56^  Putrrs  tefas:  tbe  pu 

mYeiampus:  thcson  of  Amythaon  and  Do-  cloth — thc  clotii  made  of  tl 

ripe.     They  were  both  famous  pliv«icians :  rupied  wool. 

here  used  for  *he  masters  of  medicino    in  7V/ai :  the  wch,  put  by  sj^ 

fvnaral.  dotJi. 


GEORGICA.     LIB.  III. 


ISI 


eiibB  eCiain  ujvaBos  si  quis  tentirat  amictus  ; 
kidentM  papulflB,  atque  iminundus  olehtia  sudor 
tembra  eequebatur ;  nec  longo  deinde  moranti 
rempore,  contactos  artus  sacer  ignis  edebat 


655 


665.  Deinde  saoer  Ig. 
nis  edobat  contactoa  ar- 
tos  illi  moranti  dvnittert 
eoi  amietu$  d  «e,  neo 
kmgo  tempore. 


NOTE8. 


114.  Jirdeniespapida:  red,  llety  pimplee, 

565.  Sepubatur:  epread  over  the  noi- 
MMbodj. 

566.  Sieerigrus:  the  efyeiMlaa,  or  St. 
Anihoaj^e  fire.  It  eonmimed  tAooe  parts  of 
Ifci  bodj  with  whith  the  garments  {amiehu) 

iacootaet. 


The  meaninff  of  theee  laet  siz  linee  ap- 
pean  to  be  thie:  That  the  people  were 
forced  at  length  to  abstain  from  shearing 
the  infected  fleecee;  or  touching  the  wool ; 
or  ever  wearing  anj  garmenti,  whon  made 
of  it:  because  thoee,  who  had  done  so,  had 
been  great  ■ufferers  therebj. 


QUE8TI0N8. 


Wbt  ii  the  eabjeet  of  thii  book.' 

Row  doee  the  poet  comnenre  ? 

Wkf  does  he  firet  invoke  Palee? 

Hov  irss  ehe  worehipped  ? 

Wktt  were  her  feetivals  called  ? 

After  finiahxng  the  main  tubject,  does  he 
tM  uj  thinf  bj  waj  of  epieode  ? 

Wbtt  number  of  epieodes<hae  he  added  ? 

What  tre  the  enbjecte  of  theee  epieodes  ? 

Wktt  ii  the  general  character  of  them  ? 

Mif  thej  be  reckoned  among  the  fineet 
futtofthe  Oeorgics? 

How  doee  the  book  oonclode  ? 

Wbo  was  Hippodame ' 

Wktt  b  nid  of  OE^maoe  t 

Wko  wte  hie  danghter? 

Wko  wts  Pelope  ? 

Aad  what  is  said  of  his  lather  f 

Ii  vhat  jear  of  the  world  were  the  Oljm- 
fKgtmeB  mstitnted  ? 

ftv  often  were  thej  celebrated  ? 

Did  the^  form  an  important  era  in  the 
ftidto  hutorj  ? 

Wkit  other  gamee  were  there  in  Oreece  ? 

li  beaorof  wnom  were  the  Nemeangames 
Utated? 
Aad  to  eommemorate  what  event? 
fa  hoQor  of  whom   were  the  Pjthian 
|MM  iaetitnted  > 

Ami  te  eommemorate  what  erent  ^ 
Wha  iMiitiifeil  tbe  iBthmean  gamee? 


Whcre  were  they  celebrated  ? 

And  in  honor  of  whom  ? 

Who  was  Tithonus  ? 

How  long  did  he  live  bcfore  Augnstus  ? 

In  what  sense  do  Servius  and  Eustathius 
consider  the  word  THifumtu^  as  used  bj  tho 
poet  in  reference  to  Augustus  ?* 

Who  were  the  LapithcD  ? 

What  are  thej  said  to  have  done  ? 

What  was  the  name  of  their  principal  cit j  ? 

Can  jou  mention  anj  nation  tliat  began 
the  daj  at  the  rising  of  the  sun  ? 

How  did  thej  divide  the  daj? 

How  did  thej  divide  the  night  ? 

What  effect  would  this  have  upon  the 
length  of  their  hours? 

When  do  modem  nations  begrin  the  daj  ? 

When  does  the  nautical  dav  commence  ? 

Who,  probablj,  wero  fhe  Lare*  7 

Over  what  did  thej  preside  ? 

For  what  is  the  word  Larei  taken  bj 
meton.  ? 

What  was  the  usual  weight  which  the 
Roman  soldier  carried  on  his  march  ? 

Of  what  did  it  consist? 

What  were  all  those  nations  called  bj  the 
Romans  that  inhabited  the  northem  part  of 
Europe  and  Asia  ? 

Was  there  anj  particnlar  part  of 
book  much  admired  bj  8caliger? 

Whatpartwasthat? 


nm  re 


lilBER  QUARTUS* 


Tbm  Book  treats  of  tke  cultare  of  bees.  Afler  proponii^  the  snbjeot,  tl 
proper  stations  for  placing  their  hives ;  and  having  noticed  eome  parti 
the  management  of  the  swarms,  &c.  he  digreeses  into  a  noble  descri) 
between  two  discordant  kings.  He  then  proceed»  to  considcr  tlieir  di 
qualities,  the  nature  and  form  of  their  govemment,  and  the  discasefl, ' 
among  them — together  with  the  proper  remedies  for  each;  and  conclm 
of  Anateus*  recovery  of  his  bees,  ailer  his  ■warms  were  lost,  and  of  ( 
into  hell  afler  his  wife  Eurydice.  This  episode  runs  through  277  lin 
the  finest  piecee  of  heathen  poetrj. 

PROTINUS  aerii  mellis  ccelestia  dont 

tt.  Hanc  partem  Oeo-  Exequar :  hanc  etiam,  Msceii^  aspice  | 

gieorum,    Dicam  epeo-  Admiranda  tibi  levium  spectacula  reniin, 

miranda  tibT  """"  *  "  Magnanimosque  duces,  totiusque  ordine  { 

Mores,  et  studia,  et  populos,  et  prelia  dii 

6.  nie  est  labor  in  te-  [„  tenui  labor  ;  at  tenuis  non  gloria :  si  t 

^  '"a- 1       »     •      •  Numina  la&va  sinunt.  auditque  Tocatus  Ai 

7.  Si  l«va  Numina  n-      »>  •     •  •         j  -u  •  ^ 
nunt    quem  $eripU>rem      Pnncipio,  sedes  apibus  stauoque  peteo 

exequi  id  Qud  neque  sit  ventis  aditus  (nam  pabula 

Ferre  domum  prohibent)  neque  ovea  hcM 

10.   Prohibent    mpu  Floribus  insultent ;  aut  errans  bucula  eai 

ferre  domum  Decutiat  rorem,  et  surgentes  atterat  hei4 

lcJ^  ^^^•q'»-  Absiirt  et  picti  squalentia  terga  lacerti 

Pinguibus  a  stabulis  ;  meropesque,  alisc 

NOTES. 

1.  Aerii :  an  adj.  from  aer.    Honey  ie  stands    bj  teoa,  propiti 

here  called  aerial,  becauae  it  was  thought  to  Hevne  seems  to  be  of 

eome  from  the  dew,  which  fell  from  the  air  GeUiuB  and  Wakefield  ti 

apon  the  flowers,  whence  the  bees  collected  to  mean  adverae.    Whei 

it.    For  the  same  reaeon  the  poet  uses  the  nite,  or  are  used  in  oppo 

epithet  aEletita.  hardly  ezpect  unanimitj 

5.  Exequar :  in  the  sense  of  describam.  tors.     If  the  adverae  dei: 

6.  Tenui  :    on  a  low    subject.     Re    is  terfere  to  provent  him,  ( 
anderstood.   The  consideration  of  bees  maj  come  to  his  aid,  the  poe 
be  considered  low,  or  icfcrior  to  the  subjecta  cute  a  work,  worthy  of 
treated  of  in  the  preceding  books.    If,  how-  tron,  even  upon  the  hun 
ever,  the  farmer  attend  properly  to  them,  he  bee. 

wiil  Ibid  them  very  profitable  ;  and  their  go^        3^  Prineimo :  in  the  ■ 

vemment  and  pohty  will  afford  to  thc  phi-  j^, '    The  poet  proceeda 

losophcr  and  pohtician  much  useful  instnic-  per  places  for  the  hivee 

tion.     This  is  what  we  are  to  understand  by  faahion  of  constructinf  1 
Uie  words,  ai  gloria  non  ttnuu.  ImuUent:  bruiMK 

7.  Ltna  numvna.  Z:.<eriM  is  used  both  m  ^.  * ^  Jw«M«cn«.  urwmr- 
a  |ood  and  a  bad  sense.  Rueus  interprets  it  nowers. 
hjadtKeruL.  By  the  deiUes,  here  called  ad-  ^3-  ^t^'»-  ™  **»•  ■«• 
veree,  or  inauspicious,  we  are  probably  to  14.  Meropet,  Theee 
itndentand  the  infemal  deities,  Pluto,  the  bird  that  fed  npon  beei 
PHiries,  ftc.  who  were  thought  to  be  op-  bee-eater.  Thevwerea 
poeed  to  the  welfare  of  men.    Valpy  onder-  blackbird,  bnt  of  variott 


GEOR6ICA.    UB.  IV 


133 


bus  Procne  pecttis  ngnata  cruentu. 

lani  late  vastant^  ipsasque  volantes 

jiit,  dulcem  nidis  immitibus  escam. 

(li  fontes,  et  stagna  virentia  musco 

et  tenuis,  fugiens  per  gramina,  rivus  : 

ue  vestibulum,  aut  ingens  oleaster  inumbret 

I  prima  novi  ducent  examina  reges 

0,  ludelque  iavis  emissa  juventus ; 
invitet  decedere  ripa  calori, 

iie  hospitiis  teneat  frondentibus  arboe. 
edium,  seu  stabit  iners,  seu  profluet  liamor, 
srsas  satices  et  grandia  conjicc  saxa : 
ts  ut  crebris  poesint  consistere,  et  alas 
e  ad  sstivum  Solem  ;  si  fortd  morantes 
it,  aut  prciceps  Neptuno  immerserit  Eurus, 
redm  casios  virides  et  olentia  latd 

1,  et  graviter  spirantis  copia  thymbne 

:  irriguumque  bibant  violaria  fontem. 
autem,  seu  corticibus  tibi  suta  cavatis, 
to  fuerint  alvearia  vimine  texta, 
06  babeant  aditus ;  nam  (Hgore  mella 
ijems,  eadcmque  calor  liquefacta  remittit : 
B  vis  apibus  pariter  metuenda  :  neque  illse 
quam  in  tectis  certatim  tenuia  cer& 
enta  liniint,  fiicoque  ct  floribiis  oras 

NOTES. 


16     16.    Procne    signaU 
^uoad   pectus  cruontit 
manibuB,  absini  ab  tti. 
16.  Ipsaaque  ape4 


20 


25  25.  Conjice  ealieee 
truuvenas  ct  gi^ida 
eaza  in  medium  /iumo- 
rem^  seu 

27.  Consietere  in  it9 
ianquam  pontibus 

50  30.  Circum  hsc  lacm 
virides 


33.    Autem   alvearia 
ipsa,  eeu  tuta  sini  tibi  e 
35  cavatit  corticibus,  seu 


37.  Neaue  illfe  nequlc> 
qaam  Wuunt  tenufa  api- 
rainenta  m  teclis  oerft 


By  Proene^  or  Pragne^  is 
aat  tlM  BwaUow  wliich  has  some 
wn  on  its  br«aet.  For  the  story  of 
•ee  Ed.  vi.  78. 

uletm  etemm :  ae  a  tweet  morscl  for 
srcileas  joung.     J^utis:  ttie  ncsts; 
B.  fbr  tlie  young  ones  in  thcm. 
ifiudi :  in  the  sense  ofpuri.  Firen- 
9:  either  the  banks  of  these  ponds, 
skirted  with  green  moss,  or  tiie  sur- 
bem  covered  with  it. 
ngiaa :  in  the  sense  o£  fluen», 
(MMi  exMiiffia:  the  new  swarms. 
■tssa:  in  thesenseof  <gfe<«a.  The 
boonde  in  flowers  more  than  any 
if  the  jrear;  honey  is  collected  in 
■bnndaiice,  and  the  bees  are  then 
fent.    In  this  sense,  the  spring  may 
ally  be  ealled  theirs :  «mo  vet  e,  their 

hrMi:  in  the  senae  of  adverwa:  op- 
r  tii  front  of  them.     Teneai .  in  the 


in  the  eeiue  of  aqua, 
nfiee^  &c  Theee  willows  and  rocks 
be  caet  into  the  water,  whether 
or  stagnant,  that  the  bees  might 
1  them :  if^  by  any  means,  they  fell 
tmX  thcy  might  creep  npon  them, 
heir  wings  U>  the  warm  sun,  and 
selves. 

ftuno:  ir  the  sen<«  of  aTud.     See 
4 


30.  CaeUt.  Some  take  the  eoiia  to  be  the 
same  with  the  rosemary;  but  Columella, 
speaking  of  the  plants  that  should  grow 
about  an  apiary,  mentions  casia  ana  rose- 
mary  as  two  dmerent  plants. 

31.  Serpjflla,  There  were  two  kinds  of 
this  plant ;  one  of  the  gardcns,  and  thc  other 
wild.  It  is  a  stron^-scented  herb,  ond  re- 
sembles  thyme.  It  is  proper  to  be  planted 
ncar  beea,  and  is  usually  cailcd  wild-thyme. 
Thymbrm:  the  herb  savory.  Spiraniis:  m 
the  senso  of  oleniit.  It  was  a  strong-scenl* 
ed  herb. 

32.  Violaria:  beds  of  violets — placce 
sown  or  planted  with  the  violet. 

33.  Suia:  inthesenseof  com/rae/a.  Cot' 
iicibue,  The  bark  of  the  cork-tree  is  callcd 
eortex^  by  way  of  eminence. 

34.  Lenio  vimine:  of  limber  osier,  or 
wicker. 

36.  Cogii:  thickens.  Remtitti:  in  the 
sense  of  reddii. 

37.  Vu:  force— violence;  the  ezcess  of 
heat  or  cold. 

38.  Teetit:  in  their  hives.  Certaiim:  in 
the  sense  of  diligenier. 

39.  Pueo.  Puetu  was  properly  a  kind  of 
marine  weed^  reMmbling  lettuce.  It  was 
anciently  used  in  dying;  used  also  by  wo« 
mcn  as  a  kind  of  paint  for  the  face.  Ilence 
all  kinds  of  daubing  obtained  the  uame  of 
fiiriis:  not  with  the  flowers  {Jloribux)  tiicm- 
Kclvcs,  but  rather  with  the  aubaVaTvv:^  «v 


IM  P.  VlRGIUl  MARONIS 

Explent :  coUectumque  hsec  ipsa  ad  munei 

Et  vLsco  et  PhrygisB  servant  pice  lentius  Id 

Soepe  etiam  effossis  (si  vera  est  fiuna)  latel 

Sub  terra  fov^re  larem  ;  penitusque  repeit 

Pumicibusque  cavis,  exesaeque  aHDoris  anti 

45.  Tamen  tu  et  cir*  Tu  tamen  et  levi  rimosa  cubilia  limo 

e&m  un^  fimoBa  cubi-  Unge  fovens  circum,  et  raras  superinjice  fi 

lia  levi  hmo.  ^^^  propius  tectis  taxum  sine,  neve  rubeiv 

48.  Nea  crede  aheofia  Ure  foco  cancros :  altie  neu  crede  paludi ; 

49.  Gravis  odor  coBni  Aut  ubi  odor  coeni  gravis,  aut  ubi  concam 
•*^  ^^  Sa  a  sonant,  vocisque  offensa  resultat  ima 

Quod  superest,  ubi  pulsam  hyemem  Sol 

Sub  terras,  ccelumque  sstiv4  luce  reclusit 

Ills  continud  saltus  sylvasque  peragrant, 

Purpureosque  metunt  flores,  et  flumina  lil 

&5.   Hinc  iUa  l»te,  Summa  leves.     Hinc  nescio  qu&  dulcedini 

aeacio  qua  dulcedine       Progeniem  nidosque  fovent :  hinc  arte  rw 

Excudunt  ceras,  et  mella  tenacia  fingunt. 
Hinc  ubi  jam  emissum  caveis  ad  sidera  co 
Nare  per  sestatem  liquidam  suspexeris  agi 

NOTES. 

tracted  firom  them,  bj  meton.    (htu:  the  itroke  or  coneas8ion«  meet 

margin,  or  edge,of  their  hives.  Valpy  takee  and  are  reflected,  or  tume 

fueo  eijfloribut^  by  HendiadiB,  fotfueojloreo,  make  an  iropression  on  tl 

40.  M  hae  ip$a  munera :  in  tne  senee  of  poet  calls  the  image  of  thi 
ad  hot  ipsos  usui.  51.  ^uod  tuperett,    Th 

41.  Lentius:  an  adj.  of  the  com.  deg.  (of  ceeds  to  speak  of  the  foo 
lentui)  agreeing  with  gluten:  tougher  than,  and  the  battles  of  the  beei 
&c.  roctioni  how  to  appeaee 

43.  ScBpe  etiam  fovbre :  they  have  oven  contests,  and  bring  thcm  \ 

cherished  thcir  families  in  caverns  dug  un-  52.  Svh  terrat :  under  t 

der  the  earth.     Several  manuscripts  have  southem  pole.    This  is  a  1 

/odire^  but  fovire  is  the  best.     Rusua  has  locution  to  express  the  n 

fodlre,     He   interprets  the  passage    thus:  The  seasons  are  opposite 

aperuerunt  sibi  domum  sub  terra,     But  it  is  sides  of  the  equator,  bej 

not  necesaary  to  suppose  that  the  bees  dug  When  it  is  summer  on  the 

these  caves  or  cells  for  themselves,  any  more  on  the  south,  and  vice  ver» 

than  that  they  prepared  their  cells  in  the  sioned  by  the  motion  of 

pumice  stone,  or  cavities  in  the  trees,  for  orbit,  making  an  angle  wij 

their  reception.      Davidson,    Heyne,   and  23^  28^ 

Heinsius,  read  fovire,    Larem.     See  6eor.  54.  Purpureos,  The  po* 

iii.  344.  Penitus:  in  the  sense  of  profundi,  purple  for  any  gay  color. 

45.  CubUia:    in  the  sense  of  alvearia.  sense  of  carpunt, 

Unge:  smear,  or  plaster  all  around.    Fo-  55.  Levetlibant:  andli 

vens :  cherishing — ^keeping  them  warm.  Duleedine :  in  the  sense  o 

48.  Cancros,  Crabs  and  lobsters,  it  is  56.  Fovent :  chcrish — g 
well  known,  in  boiling,  pass  from  a  dark  or  dos:  eithcr  the  apartmei 
brown,  to  a  red  color.  Hence  the  epithet  hive  for  the  purpose  of 
rubentes,  AUte  paiudi,  The  poet  advises  young,  or  siniply,  Uie  hiv< 
not  to  place  the  hives  near  marshy  or  fenny  57.  Excudunt :  thcy  fon 
placcs,  which  affbrd  no  stones  or  bridges,  on  made  waz.  This  is  a  mel 
which  the  boes  may  rest,  if  occasion  should  the  smith,  who  is  said  {ex 
require.  or  hammer  out  the  instran 

49.  Oravis:  sUnking.  Putsu:  by  the  he  forms.  The  bees  are  1 
■troke  of  the  voice.  their  labon  to  the  Cydop 

50.  Imago  vocis:  the  image  of  the  volce  anvil. 

being  struck,  rebounds;  i.  e.  where  an  echo  59.  Suspexeris  agmen  em 
is  heard.  This  is  always  the  case  when  the  you  shall  see  the  swarm 
palses  or  wavesof  air,pat  in  motion  bjr  some    hives,  &c.    Abre.*  in  the 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  IV. 


a-> 


ClbicuramqiMi  trahi  vento  mirabere  nubem  ,  60 

Contemplator :  aquas  dulccs  et  frondea  semper 
Tecta  petunt :  huc  tu  jussos  aspcrge  sapores, 
Tfitt  melisphylla,  et  cerintiiai  ignobile  gramen 
Tinditusfpie  cie,  et  Matris  quate  cymbala  circum. 
Ipeae  consident  medicatis  sedibus :  ipsae  65 

Intima  more  suo  sese  in  cunabula  condent. 

Sin  autem  ad  pugnam  exierint  (nam  sa;pe  duobus 
Regibus  incessit  magno  discordia  motu) 
CSontinud<{ue  animos  vulgi,  et  trepidantia  bello 
Corda  licet  longe  praefRsiscere  :  nam({ue  morantes 
Martius  ille  sris  rauci  canor  increpat,  et  vox 
Auditur  fractos  sonitus  imitata  tubarum. 
Tum  trepidse  inter  se  coeunt,  pcnnisque  coruscant, 
Spiculaque  exacuunt  rostris,  aptantque  lacertos, 
Ex  circa  regem  atque  ipsa  ad  prastoria  densai 
Uiscentur,  magnisque  vocant,  clamoribus  hostem. 
Erg6,  ubi  ver  nactn;  sudum,  camposque  patentes, 
Snimpunt  portis  :  concurritur :  sthere  in  alto 
l^it  sonitus :  magnum  mixtae  glomerantur  in  orbem, 
^necipitesque  cadunt :  non  densior  aere  grando,  80 

^ec  de  concussa  tantum  pluit  ilice  glandis. 
^psi  per  medias  acies,  insignibus  alis, 
logentes  animos  angusto  in  pectore  versant :' 
Uaque  ade6  obnixi  non  cedere,  dum  gravis,  aut  hos, 

NOTES. 


6t.  Frondea  teeta,  uH 
eomuiani : 

64.  Mairii  CybeinM 


C*9,  ContiDu^  lioet  hihi 
70  longd  prtuf  prsrciflcere 


74.  Lacertoi  ad  p^" 


rti  nant 


76 


77.  Nante  tmit  ver 
Budum,  aeriosf{\ie  cam. 
poB  patenten 


82.  Rtges  ipei  voamtm 
per  medias 


60.  Trahi:  in  the  sense  of/erru     Obieu- 
a  dark  cloud  of  beee. 

63.  Melitphylla:  balm-gentle.  It  is  an 
Wb,  of  wliich  beee  are  very  fond.  It  is 
thoajriit  to  be  the  same  that  waa  aometimes 
ealled  apiastrwn  by  the  Romane.  Cerinthtt : 
the  honej-euckle.  The  poet  calls  it  ignobile 
rrtmttL,  because  it  was  common.  It  abounds 
m  a  eweet  juice,  liko  honoy. 

64.  Cie  tinnit^u :  mako,  or  excite  a  ring- 
iaf .  The  effect  of  the  soond  of  brass  upon 
the  ewarm  is  very  great.  It  is  the  most 
eiflbctual  means  to  stop  them  in  their  flight, 
and  collect  them  into  the  hive.  Some  have 
aUriboted  this  to  fear,  othera  to  pleasure. 
Bot  more  probably  it  confounds  the  sound 
of  tlieir  qneen,  or  leader ;  and  being  with- 
eut  command  or  direction,  they  fall  or  set- 
tle  npon  the  first  place  they  meet.  Matris : 
CyhilB  was  the  mother  of  the  gods — the 
Mine  as  Rhea,  or  Ops.  At  her  sacrifices, 
<rfinbals  were  always  used. 

65.  MedieattM  sedibtu :  prepared  seats,  or 
plmees  for  them  to  light  upon. 

66i.  Cunabuia :  in  the  sense  of  reeetnu^ 
nA  Qhearia. 

68.  Ineemi :  hath  seized — ^invaded.  No- 
diiiig  can  be  more  lively  or  animstod  than 
ttii  description  of  a  battle  of  bees.  We 
h&n  find  the  ardor  of  the  warrior,  the 
aottad  of  the  trumpet,  the  glittering  of  ar- 
monr,  the  ahoats  of  the  soldiers,  the  bravery 
ef  tho  leaden,  aad  all  the  rage  and  madness 
eTbattle. 


69.  Trepidantia:  eagor — anxious. 

10,  Prcucisere :  inthosenseof/>r<Meti/tfe. 

71.  Canor :  in  the  Bcnso  of  strepitiu^  vel 
sonitus,  Morantes :  those  that  are  behind. 
Inerepat :  rouaos — urges  on. 

73.  IVepida :  eager — hurrying.  Pennit  • 
in  the  scnse  of  alis. 

75.  Ipsa  pratoria,     In  the  Roman  camp. 
tho  tont  of  tlie  commanding  oflicer  was  call- 
ed  Pratorium ;  hence,  by  meton.  put  for  thj  ^ 
cells  of  tlio  royal  bocs.     Densa  miseentur: 
they  are  crowdod  thick. 

77.  Sudumver:  a  clear  spring  day.  Ru- 
cus  says,  serenum  tempus,  Campos  pateniet . 
the  fiolds  of  air  open — unobstructed  by 
wind  or  clouds. 

78.  Coneurritur :  in  the  sense  of  eoneuT' 
runt, 

79.  Olomerantur,  This  verb  hath  a  le- 
flex  signification  Iiere,  like  the  midfile  voioe 
of  the  Greoks :  thoy  form  themsolves  into 
a  great  circle.  Mixta:  in  the  sense  of 
eommista, 

81.  Pluit :  in  the  sonse  of  cadit,  It  is  to 
be  joined  with  grando^  in  tho  preceding 
line. 

82.  Insignibus  alis :  with  distinguhdied 
wings— distinguished  f^om  the  rest  by  their 
wings. 

83.  Versant :  in  the  sense  of  exereen/,  vel 
manifestant, 

84.  Obnixi  usque  ade^:  determined  aU 
the  time  not  to  yield,  until  the  mighty  con-'' 
queror  hath  forcisd  one  side  or  the  othoft&o. 


iSe  P.  VIRGIIJI  MARON18 

Aut  hos,  versa  fiigi  victor  dare  terga  siib^ 
lli  motufl  animorum,  atque  haic  certamina  ( 
Pulveris  exigui  jactu  compressa  quiescent. 
Yerum  ubi  ductores  acie  revocaveris  amb 
80.  Dede  eum  neci,  Deteriof  qui  visus,  eum,  ne  prodigua  obsit, 
qw  vimifl  fuerii  doterior  Dede  neci :  melior  vacuSl  sine  regnet  in  auU 
^lf  ""^^  meUorreg^  ^ter  erit  maculis  auro  squalentibus  ardens 
Bet^^ia  a   &  vacaa  ab  q^^^  ^^^  ^^^  generaj  hjc  melior,  insignis 

9t.*  Oenont  apum :  hic  ^^  rutilis  clarus  squamis  :  ille  horridus  altei 
m  Desidi^,  latamque  trahens  inglorius  alvum. 

Ut  binae  regum  facies,  ita  corpora  plebis. 
Namque  atiae  turpes  horrent,  ceu  pulvere  al 
Cum  venit,  et  terram  sicco  spuit  ore,  viator 
Aridus :  elucent  alise,  et  fulgore  coruscant^ 
M.  Corpora  lita  auni  Ardentes  auro,  et  paribus  lita  corpora  guttii 

Hnec  potior  soboles :  hinc  ccBli  tenipore  cer 

Dulcia  mella  premes  ;  nec,  tantum  dulcia,  < 

Et  liquida,  et  durum  Bacchi  domitura  sapoi 

At  cum  incerta  volant  coBloque  examina  1 

Contemnuntque  favos,  et  frigida  tecta  rehm 

Instabiles  animos  ludo  prohibebis  inani. 

106.  Nec  esi  magnus  Nec  magnus  prohibere  labor :  tu  regibus  ali 

labor  prohibere  eot  Eripe :  non  illis  quisqnam  cunctantibus  altu 

Ire  iter,  aut  castris  audebit  veilere  signa. 

NOTES. 

85.  »Aui  hos.     The  meaning  is:  till  one  or  dirty,  as  when,   &c.     T 

gide  or  the  othor  of  the  combatants  should  sense  of  ptUverem, 

jield.     Thc  repetition  of  the  aui  hoty  from  97.  Coruscani :  sparkle  wi 

the  end  of  the  preceding  line,  gives  addi-  gleaming  with  gold;  and  t 

tional  encrgy.     The  figure  is  called  Anadi'  covered  over  with  equal  spo' 

ploMis,  in  size  and  proportion. 

87.  Compressa :  in  the  sense  of  repressa.  100.  Soboles :  in  the  sense 

It  agrees  with  cr.rtamina,  ctdi :  in  the  sense  of  anni, 

89.  Jfe  prodigiu  obsit :  lest  the  prodigal  these  bees. 

«hould  be  an  injury  to  the  rest,  either  by  102.  Liquida:  in  the  sen 

eonsuming  their  food  himself,  or  by  setting  103.  At  ciim  volani,     Hei 

an  example  of  sloth  and  gluttony.  scribes  the  means  of  prev< 

90.  Auia :  in  the  sense  of  alveari,  from  deserting  their  hives. 

91.  Alier  erii  ardens^  &c.     The  poet  here  104.  Favos,    Virgil  uscs 
mentions  the  difTerent  kinds  of  bees.   There  eleven  different  words  to  ej 
are  more  particularly  two :  the  red,  which  eunabula^  cubilia^  stabula^  j 
are  the  smaller  ones,  and  the  dark,  or  va-  /eir/a,  alvearcy  favus^  domus, 
rioQs,  which  are  the  larger.     The  red  onos  For  this  diversity  of  style,  b 
are  th  3  best.     Squaleniibus :  a  part.  of  the  By  this  means  he  avoided  a 
verb  squaleo^  (from  squama ;)  it  signifies  any  pctition.     Frigida,     This  S 
thing  resembling  the  scales  of  fish,  or  ser-  by  empty,  or  inactive,  in  opf 
pents,  in  roughness  or  shape.    It  also  signi-  is  aflerward  said   of  their 
fies  any  thing  filthy  or  unseemly,  in  any  fervet, 

reepect  whatever.    Ardens:    shining  with  105.  ProAt5e6tf:  in  these 

^>ots  rough  with  gold — resembling  the  form  107.  Alium  iter :  an  aerif 

of  scales,  and  glittering  like  gold«     Russus  108.  Aui  veilert  signa:  < 

mterprets  it  by  asperis,  standards* — to   dccamp.      It 

92.  Ore :  in  the  sense  oCforma,  among  the  Ronians.     Whc 

95.  Faeies :  in  the  sense  of /ormce.     The  tlieir  camp,  they  stuck   th 
verb  suni  is  to  be  supplied.    Piebii,     This  standards,  into  tho  ground 
is  the  reading  of  Heyne,  and  of  Valpy  afler  iorium^  or  gencrars  tcut ;  a 
him.    The  conmion  reading  is  geniis.  up  again  wncn  thcy  decamp« 

96.  ^amque  aiia :  for  the  one  look  foul,  Tbe  metaphor  is  beantiful. 


GEORGICA.    UB.  IV.  187 

hvilat  croceiB  balantea  floribus  horti : 

&  euitof  fiinim  atque  aviuin,  cum  falce  saligna,         1 10 

HeOe^ntiaci  servet  tutela  Priapi. 

Ipfe  thymum  pinosque  ferens  de  montibus  altiB,  1 12.  fpse,    cq{    talia 

Tecti  serat  late  circum,  cui  talia  curae  :  ^^  cura,  fereus 

Slabore  manura  duro  terat ;  ipse  feraces 
^  it  humo  pkmtas,  et  amicos  irriget  inibres.  116 

Atqie  equidem,  extremo  ni  jam  sub  finc  laborum 

Veb  traham,  et  terris  festinem  advertere  proram, 

Fonitan  et  pingues  hortos  qus  cura  colendi 

Omret,  canerem,  biferique  rosaria  Piesti : 

Qooque  modo  potu»  gauderent  intyba  rivis,  120 

Et  virides  apio  rip» ;  tortusque  per  herbara  1^1.  ^umnodoqw  00- 

Cresceret  in  ventrem  cucumis:  nec  sera  comantem  cumw  tortusperhvrbani 

Naicissum,  aut  flexi  tacuissem  vimen  acanthi,  criMceru 

hDentesque  hederas,  et  amantes  litora  myrtos. 
Ntmque  sub  CEbahae  memini  me  turrib«is  altiB,       125      125.  Namque  meimni 
i  niger  humectat  flaventia  culta  Galeisus,  ""*  vidwHo 

Corrcium  vidisae  seiiem  :  cui  pauca  relicti 

NOTES. 

109.  CroeetM  Jhriha.     Saffron  flowerB  from  sailinf^.     On   the  approach  to  1and« 

tffm  to  be  put  here  for  odorous  flowers  in  they  take  in,  or  furl  their  Bails. 

pMrtl.    Halanies:    in  the  eense  of  spi'  118.    Pingue»    hortot,      Some    gardoni 

iMtfo.  among  the  ancients  were  much  celebrated, 

111.  Priapu     Priapue  wae  fabled  to  have  especially  thoee  of  the  HeeperideH,  of  Ado- 

ka  the  fon  of  Aacchua  and  Venus.     He  nin,  of  Alcinoiia,  ftc. 

vn  wonhipped  principally  at  Lanipsacus,  119.  PnMtx,     PaDstum  wae  a  town  of  Lu- 

iQtjr  of  Mysia  Miuor,  near  the  Hellespont.  cania,  where  the  rose  bloomed  twine  in  a 

ficaoe  the  epithet  HeUttpontiaca».  year ;  in  September  and  May.     Hence  the 

Hm  statue  of  Priapue  wae  usually  placcd  epithet  bifer. 

^gudens  to  protcct  them  from  thieves,  and  120.  Intyba:  plu.  endive,  or  succory.    Pn. 

ti  firty  awaj  birds.     Hence  he  is  called,  /u  rivi»  :  in  refrcshing  strcamfi. 

9Hk»  Jurum  atoue  ariitm.      The  moaning  \2\.^pio:  with  parsley.     Thii)  herb  war 

•Mttntobe:  that  the  bees  should  be  in-  callod  apium^  from  ape*^  becaune  Uit*  tiees 

vnd  bj  such  gardens  as  deserve  to  be  uuder  wcre  fond  of  it.     Somo  take  it  for  Minallage 

tti  protection  of  Priapus.     Cutto» :  in  the  or  celery. 

■■is  of  abaetrix.    See  Ecl.  vii.  33.  122.    Cueumi»    iortu» :     the    cucuinber. 

I      112.  T*hjfmum,    This  is  not  our  common  crceping  along  the  grass,  swellj.     This  is  • 

\  ttjiM,  but  the    thymu»   eapitatu»^    which  concise.  but  beautiful   dcscription.      Sera: 

Be«i  in  peat  plenty  on  the  mountains  in  an  adj.  neu.  plu.  used  as  an  adv.  in  imita- 

«Miifit.    The  Attic  honej  was  considercd  tion  of  the  Greeks:  in  the  HcnKe  of  tero. 

fti  bast,  on  aocount  of  Uie  ezcellence  of  123.  J^areistum:  the  narciiMiUs  of  the  an- 

b  thjrae,  which  is  fbund  in  abundance  cients    is    the  herb   we   now  call  datfodil. 

Mv  Atbens.  Comantem :  in  the  sense  offlorentrm.  Aeun- 

114.  Duro  labore :  with  the  hard  labor  thi :  Acanthus,  tho  herb  bears-foot. 
if  triMferTing  them  from  the    mountains,  125.  (Ebalut,     This  wa»  thc  city  of  Ta- 
■I  plattting  5iem  around  the  hives.  rentum  in  tho  eastem  part  of  Italy,  so  callcu 

115.  imgei:  he  should  sprinkle,  or  pour  from  Phalantw^  a  native  of  CEbalia,  or  La- 
^  friendly  water  upon  them — he  should  conia,  who  rebuilt  it  It  was  once  inhabited 
Wevefti]  to  water  these  plants  whcn  thus  by  the  Laccdcinonians. 
^Mplanted,  that  thej  mi{rht  flourish  the  126.  GaUnu:  a  river  in  Calabria,  falling 
^«e,  and  aiford  more  abiihdant  food  for  into  the  g^lf  of  Tarcntuin.  It  w  called 
^  beesL  niger^  cithcr,  on  account  of  itic  depth  of  its 

IM.  mllque  equidem:  and  indced,  unlcss  waters^or  ofit«bunkM  bciRgKliadod  hy  trees. 

'  «Sfe  furUng  my  sails,  now  in  the  con-  Ftnventia :  yellow  with  ripening  grrain.  ^rta 

of  mj  labors,  Szc.    These  are  fine  is  undcrKtood. 

and  lead  us  to  wish  that  the  poet  had  127.  Corycium,     Either  tlio  name  of  the 

upon   the  subjoct  of  gardoning.  old  iiian,  or  an  adj.  taken  froin  the  place  of 

JVrJbui  r«6k     This  is  a  metaphor  taken  his  nativity.     Cortn  lu  wk»  vUh  t\;aLUv«  ot  «h 


m  P.  ViaGILU  MARONIS 

Jugera  r urw  erant ;  iiec  ferdlis  illa  ju^enck^ 

Nec  pt>coh  opportuna  seges.  nec  commoda 

ISO.  Tamen  hie  pro-  Hic  rarum  tamen  in  dumis  olus,  albaque  cii 

meiif  ramm  Lilia,  verbcnasque  premcns,  vescumque  paf 

Regum  a;quabat  opes  aiiimis :  ser^ue  revc 

Nocte  domum,  dapibus  mensas  onerabat  m 

134.  IIU  erai  primuB  Pnmus  vere  rosam,  atque  autumno  carpera 

®*'P®^  Et  cum  tristis  hyems  etiam  nunc  frigore  sai 

Rumperet,  et  glacie  cursus  fraenaret  aquan 
IUe  comam  mollis  jam  tondebat  hyacinthi 
iEstatem  increpitans  seram,  Zephyrosque  v 
139.  Ergo  idem  tenex  Erg6  apibus  fcBtis  idem  atque  examine  mull 

trai  primuB  abundare      Prinius  abundare,  et  spumantia  cogere  prei 
141.  Erata  iUi  tiU«,  ^^11^  fevis :  illi  tilisB,  atque  uberrima  pinui 

*  ^^  Quotque  in  flore  novo  pomis  se  fertilis  artK 

Induerat,  totidem  autumno  matura  tenebat 
Ille  etiam  seras  in  versum  distulit  ulmos, 
Eduramque  pyrum,  et  s[)inos  jam  pruna  fe 
Jamque  ministrantem  platanum  potantibus 

iaHa      ccXeraoi3a  ^®'"'"  ^^  »P^  equidem,  spatiis  exclusus 

aliLi    uripiorilnu    post  Praeterdb,  atque  aliis  p6st  commemoranda 

flie  Nunc  age,  naturas,  apibus  quas  Jupiter : 

NOTES. 

mouiitain,  and  citj  of  Cilicia  in  Aria  Minor.  rycian,  particnlarlj  in  .the 

Pompej  made  war  upon  the  Ciliciana ;  aome  he  retumed  to  hia  main  & 

of  whom  he  brought  and  planted  in  Cala-  the  firBt  to  abound,  &c.    Fi 

bria  near  Tarentum.     The  old  man   here  of /obcuiu/u. 
mentioned,  might  have  been  one  of  them.        141.  Favit :  the  comb — 1 

Relicti:  barrcn — neglected,notworthtilling.  contain  the  honej.     Tilia 

Dr.  Trupp  renders  it  hereditarj;  lefl  him  lime-trce. 
by  his  ancestors.  142.  ^uotque  pomit^  Sic 

12H.  JWc  illa  seges  fertilis :  nor  was  that  is,  that  as  manj  bloBsoms  f 

land  fit  for  ploughing,  nor  suitable  for  pas-  put  forth  in  the  spring,  so 

ture,  nor  propor  for  the  vine.     Feriilis:  in  hadinautumn.  Thcre  werc 

the  ficnse  of  apia^  or  commoda,  neither  did  thej  fail  to  brii 

129.  Se^es,    This  word  most  commonlj  tj.    Poma  is  to  be  suppli 
■ignifies  the  crop  oAer  it  is  sown  and  com-  The  word  properlj  meons 
ine  forward  to  maturitj.    Here  it  means  the  used  for  all  kind  of  fruit: 
■oil  or  land  itsolf.  case. 

130.  Albaque  lilia  ciretan :  the  white  lilies  144.  Distulit  ulmos :  hc 
were  most  celebrated,  and  the  best  known  planted)  his  elms  in  rows. 
among  the  ancients.  sajs,  tardi  crescentes,  slov 

131.  Verbenas:  the  herb  verratn.  It  wos  thc  poet  ma j  niean,  far  grroi 
highly  esteemed  bj  the  Romons.  Premens:  grown  to  bo  fit  for  trani 
in  the  senso  of  planians,  Vescum  paparer :  obscrves  with  respect  to  th* 
tlio  white  poppj,  called  rescum^  esculcnt,  or  mentioned.  This  is  the  o 
oatable ;  because  its  secds  wcre  roasted  bj  son  and  Valpj. 

tlie  ancients,  and  eaten  with  honej.  145.  Spinos,     Spinus,  i 

137.  Comam:  in  the  sense  of  frondes, —  Thcse  were  sufficientlj  gi 

Hi/acinthi,     This  is  the  rcading  of  Hejne  fruit ;  and  the  planc  tree,  U 

and  Vossius,  and  of  several  ancient  manu-  rablc  shade,  befvre  he  tron 

■cripts.     It  appears  to  be  approved  of  bj  147.  Iniquis  spaiiis:  na 

Valpj,   although  he  adopts   the  common  sutiicient  room. 

roading,  acanihi,     HejTie  leavcs  out  tum^  149.  jVunc  age,    The  p 

which  is  also  retained  bj  somc  editors.  to  trcat  of  the  politj  of  U; 

139.  Ergo  idem  primus,      Having  men-  thod  of  depositing  their  1 

liened  the  advantage,  which  a  diligent  cul-  lar  management  of  thcir  ■ 

tivation  sS  hia  fielcb  brought  to  the  old  Co-  dience  to  their  sovereign,  i 


GEORGICA.    LIB   lY. 


189 


AiMt,  ezpediam  :  pro  qui  mercede,  canoroe 
QveUim  sonituB  crepitantiaque  aera  secutai, 
Uetco  coeli  regem  pav^re  sub  aniro. 
Sobe  communes  natos,  consortia  tecta  ^ 

Uibis  babent,  magnisque  agitant  sub  legibus  ffivmd| 
Et  pttriam  solae,  et  certos  nov^re  penates. 
Ventuneque  hyemis  memores,  sstate  laborem 
Eiperiuntur,  et  in  medium  qusesita  reponunt. 
fitiRque  alift  victu  invigilant,  et  fcedere  pacto 
Exercentur  agris :  pars  intra  septa  domorum 
Narcini  lacbrymam,  et  lentum  de  cortice  gluten, 
Piima  &via  ponunt  fimdamina  :  deinde  tenaces 
Bopendunt  ceras :  aliae,  spem  gentis,  adultos 
Educunt  fcetus  :  alie  purissima  mella 
Stipant,  et  liquido  distendunt  nectare  ccUas. 
SuDt,  quibus  ad  portas  cecidit  custodia  sorti ; 
IiM|ue  vicem  speculantur  aquas  et  nubila  coeli, 
Ait  onera  accipiunt  venientQm,  aut,  agmine  fecto, 

tevum  fucoB  pecus  a  pnesepibus  arcent. 
et  opus^  redolentque  thymo  fragrantia  mella. 
Ae  veluti  lentis  Cyclopes  fuhnina  massis        ' 
Cdm  properant :  alii  taurinis  foliibus  auras 


160  150.  PioqaateN^iiam 
mercode,  illtt  Mcat0  oa- 
noroi  Bonitufl 


153.  JE/cBBoI» 
animaliiim  habenl 


155 


160 


16 1.  Tttnauam  prmia 
fundamina  iavia 


165      165.  Sunt  alim^  q^- 
bua  custodia 

166.  Quoque  inviotm 


170 


NOTES. 


150.  Expediam:  in  the  senfo  of  deteri- 
faa  Pro  qud  mereedt.  According  to  fable, 
Ittam  intcnding  to  devour  hifl  infant  son 
lipiter,  ho  waa  concealed  by  his  mother 
iMf  tbe  Curete»s  or  Corybanles^  her  priests, 
ttBaflmndof  who»e  brazen  armour  and  cym- 
kh,  as  they  revelled,  prevented  his  cries 
im  betraying  him  to  hii  father.  It  is  said 
^oxMdiMMUM  was  then  king  of  Crete,  whose 
^Ufliten,  MelisMa  nouriahed  Jupitcr  with 
Ihi  Bilk  of  a  goat  and  honey.  Hcnce  arose 
Ikiflory  of  his  boing  nourished  by  a  goat 
•Btd  Amahkea  and  beee,  Melissa  being  tho 
flfwk  naue  for  beea.  For  which  roason, 
tki  foat  was  tranilated  to  the  heavens,  and 
hbhoms  given  to  the  njnuphs,  with  this 
fnGty  addod  to  them,  that  whatever  they 
ikitld  ask  for,  ahould  flow  from  them  plen- 
twuly :  aod  for  the  service,  which  thc  bees 
Niiered  on  thia  occanon,  they  wore  cndow- 
ti  by  Jupiter  with  an  extraordinary  degree 
ifvgadty  and  wisdom,  as  a  reward. 

ISt.  Dietma:  an  adj.  from  Diete^  a  city 
■alBionntmin  in  Crete.  On  this  mountain, 
itaiaid,  Jupiter  was  brought  up. 

163.  Coiuorfta  .*  in  the  aense  of  communia. 

IS4.  AgiimKi:  in  the  Mnae  of  dueunt. 
Tli  poet liOTo  epeaks  of  the  bees  as  living 
il  irefnlar,  and  well  organized  society. 

156.  Ctrto$penatet:  in  the  sense  ofjixat 


157.  Ejtptrimniur :  thoy  practiae  or  use. 

156.  Fieim:  for  mr/aa.  See  Ed.  5,  29. 
hmgiSmni  :  watch  over— have  the  care  of 
pnmding.    Pmeio  /kdert:  ib  the  sense  of 


159.  Exereentur:  in  the  sense  oClabormU. 
Septa:  the  enclosurbs  of  thoir  hives. 

160.  JSTarcisn.     The  flower  of  Narcissus 
or  dafibdil,  forms  a  kind  of  cup  in  the  mid- 
dle,  which  is  supposod  to  contain  thc  toar  of 
the  youth  ^areisrusy  who  pincd  away  with 
the  fove  of  himself.     Seo  Ecl.  ii.  48. 

163.  Educuntaduitosfatus:  thcynourish 
or  tend  upon  their  young,  till  thev  are  full 
grown :  or,  they  lead  forth  their  full  grown 
young.  Servius  prefers  tho  former  sense: 
as  also  Rusus. 

164.  Liquido :  in  tho  sense  ofpuro.  Aec- 
tare :  noctar  here,  evidently,  is  to  be  taken 
for  honey — the  purost,  and  most  refined 
part  of  it. 

166.  Aquas:  in  the  sense  of  pluviam, 

168.  Fueos:  the  droncs,  a  lazy  herd. 
Thcse  are  bees  that  make  no  honey.  They 
have  no  stings,  and  they  do  not  assist  the 
othcrs  in  their  labors.  Prtrsepibiu.  See 
note,  vcrse  104.  supra. 

169.  Opusfervet:  the  work  glows— it  goes 
on  briskly. 

170.  Citm  properant  Cyclopes.  The  Cy- 
clops  are  said  to  have  forged  tlie  tliunder- 
bolts  of  Jove.  To  this  the  poet  alludes. 
This  comparison  of  the  bees  in  thoir  labors, 
with  those  workmen  of  Jupiter  in  their 
shops,  has  been  oensured  by  some.  Prope- 
rant :  in  the  sense  of  fabrieantur. 

17S.  Alii  aeeipiunt:  siroply:  some  blow 
the  bull-hide  boUows,  Laeu :  in  tho  trouch 
of  water. 


140  P*  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Accipiunt,  redcluntque  :  alii  stridentia  tingii] 

iEra  lacu  :  gemit  imposttis  incudibua  ^tna 

Uli  inter  sese  magn^  vi  brachia  tollunt 

In  nuneruin,  versantque  tenaci  forcipe  fem 

Non%liter,  si  parva  licet  componere  magnia 

177  Habendi  meUa     Cecropias  innatus  apes  amor  urget  habendi^ 

178.  Oppidantn/canB  Munere  quamque  suo.     Grandffivia  oppida  < 

gnndaevis  Et  munire  favos,  et  Da^dala  fingere  tecta. 

At  fessffi  multa  referunt  se  nocte  minorea, 
181.  ?\enm  quoad  cm-  Crura  thymo  plenae  :  pascuntur  et  arbuta  pi 
ra  thymo  £t  glaucas  sahces,  casiamque,  crocumque  r 

Et  pinguem  tiliam,  et  ferruginefw  hjacintho 
184.  i7flomnibi8una  Omnibus  una  quies  operum^  labor  omnibus 
V^^  Mane  ruunt  portis,  nusquam  mora :  rursus 

pJ^l^dmruTt'  ""eLlZ  Ve«Per  ubi  e  pastu  tandem  decedere  campii 
mtt  eue  temptu  tandem  Admonuit,  tum  tecta  petunt,  tum  corpora  c 
deoedere  Fit  sonitus,  mussantque  oras  et  limina  circc 

Pdst,  ubi  jam  thalamis  se  composuere,  silel 

In  noctem,  fessosque  sopor  suus  occupat  ai 

Nec  verd  k  stabulis,  pluvii  impendente,  t 

Longiusf  aut  credunt  CGblo,  adventantibus  1 

193.  Tut»  ab  plwoia  Sed  circum  tutee  sub  moenibus  urbb  aquanl 

^'lai^^^Ft  tnll     t  Excursusque  breves  teiitant :  el  saepe  lapill 

lapiUoB,    ut*"^iLtabilo8  ^^  cynibae  instabiles,  <luctu  jactante,  sabun 

oymbn    toUurU    sabur-  Tollunt :  his  sese  per  inania  nubila  librant. 

ram,  fluctujactantee<u:      Illum  adcd  placuisse  apibus  mirabere  mo 

hia  UtpiUii  Qudd  nec  concubitu  indulgent,  nec  corpon 

NOTES. 

175.  Innumerum:  they  raise  their  arma  189.  Thalamit:  in  the  ae 

in  regular  order,  making  a  sort  of  harmony  190.  Suut:  in  the  sense  o: 

with  tho  strokes  of  their  hammers.  sbus  says,  eonvenient, 

JamblicuB  informs  us  that  the  sound  of  191.  Htabuli*,  Seenote,  i 

the  smith^s  hammer  led  Pythagoras  to  in-  192.  Euris.     Eurus,  tho 

vent  the  monochord,  an  instrunient  for  mea-  put  for  wind  in  general :  th* 

■nring  the   quantities,  and   proportions  of  genus, 

sounds  geometrically.  \93.  »Aquantur.    This  ve 

177.  Ceeropioi :  Attic^  or  Athenian  bees,  used  in  the  sense  of  the  mic 
•o  called  from  Cecrops,  the  first  king  of  Greeks :  they  water  themsel 
Athens.  The  Attio  honey  was  much  cele-  ncr  of  expression  is  commo 
brated.  Rueus  says,  hauriunt  aquoi 

178.  ^uamque  nto  munere:  each  one  in  195.  Saburram:  ballast. 
his  own  office-— deportment.  ponderous  substance,  as  sa 

179.  DeedcUa:  an  adj.  from   Daedalus,  a  &c.  that  light  vessels  usuall 
very  ingenious  artificer  of  Atheus.     The  to  render  them  steady. 
word,  as  here  used,  siipiifies  any  thing^  arti-  198.  JVec  indulgent^  &c. 
fieial,  or  curiously  and  ingeniously  wrougrht.  the  production  of  bees  he: 

180.  Minores:  in  the  sense  ofjuniores,  poet,  is  justly  exploded.    It 

181.  Plena  erura,  The  hairiness  of  the  animal  isproduced  without 
leffs  of  tho  bee  is  favorable  to  the  retention  of  the  sexcs.  Howeyer  as  i 
of  the  juices,  which  they  collect  from  the  the  general  received  one  amt 
fiowerB.  the  poet  might  vory  well  ac 

182.  Rubentem:  yellow,  or  of  a  golden  his  own  opinion  might  havi 
hue.     RuoDus  says,  rufum,  subject.     Pliny   says  of  tl 

183.  Ferrugtneos:  purple — dark  red.  quonam  modo  progeneraref 

184.  Operum:  in  the  sonse  of  a6  opere.  eruditos^et  subtilis  qucrstio/ 
Una:  ono  and  the  same  rest.  eoitus  risus  est  nusquam, 

188.  Oras:  tluH  Rusaus  interprets  by  ves-  modcm  philosophcrs  have  t 
UtnUum,  Mtissant :  they  buzz — they  moke  factory  inanner.  They  hai 
•  btuzing  noise.  laborincr  bees  are  of  ueithi 


GEOR(UOA.    UB.  IT  141 

em  sohrunt,  aut  fcetus  nixibus  edunt. 
tsm  e  ibliis  natos  et  suavibus  herbis  800 

nt :  ipsse  regem,  parvosque  Quirites 
t :  aulasque  et  cerea  re^na  refingunt. 
im  duris  errando  in  coiibus  alas 
,  ultrdque  animam  sub  fasce  ded^re  : 

nior  florum,  et  gencrandi  gloria  mellis.  206     S05.  Eu  iUiM  tantaa 

la  quamvis  angusti  terminus  »vi  »"w  florum.  et  tanta 

(neque  enim  plus  septima  ducitur  lestas)  S07.  Enim  neque  plus 

immortalo  manet,  multosque  per  annos  9^*""  ■•pi»"»  ••**»  <io- 

ina  domOs,  et  avi  numerantur  avorum.  ^*"'"  ^  •^" 

ea  regem  non  sic  iEgyptus,  et  ingens  210 

!C  populi  Parthorum,  aut  Medus  Hydaspes, 
t.     Rege  incolumi,  mens  omnibus  una  est ; 

rupere  fidem  :  constructaque  niella  S13.  Regt  aminNi 

\  ipme,  et  crates  solv^re  favorum. 

im  custos ;  illum  admirantur  ;  et  omnes       216     *^^  ^  "'  *^"'*^KLn 
ant  fremitu  denso,  stipantque  frequentes  ;  vro  Ih^  corporabel  o 

attoHunt  humeris,  et  corpora  bello  ^  jl^,  Quidam  homine» 

U  pulchramque  petunt  per  vulnera  mortem.         indueti  hiii  sigrnis,  «tque 
idam  aignis,  atque  hsec  exempla  secuti,  lecuti  han;  exompla  pnt- 

•U8  partem  divina;  mentis,  et  haustus  220  deniia  anum  dixet^ 

*  dixere  :  Deum  oamque  ire  per  omnes  D^m      ^^"*  •«•^ 

e,  tractusque  maris,  cceluraque  profundum.  223.  Hinc  dixert  pe- 

udes,  armenta,  viros,  genus  omne  ferarum,  eudes 


NOTES. 

le  have  the  male  organ  of  ^ne-  of  itekings.  Pop%di  Parthorum:  nmpljvtke 

1  that  tbe  monarch  u  of  the  fe-  Parthians.    They  are  aaid  to  bave  bc«n  ao 

She  is  whoUy  employed  in  the  eubmiBsive  to  their  king,  aa  to  kisa  hia  feet« 

r  her  family,  laying  Beveral  thou-  and  to   touch  the  ground  with  their  Upe, 

every  summor,  in  each  of  which  when  they  approached  him.    Hydatpei :  tiio 

a  small  white  worm,  which  in  due  name  of  a  river  put,  by  meton.  for  the  iii« 

;{es  itself  into  a  drone  or  bee. —  habitanta  of  the  country,  throagh  which  tt 

.*  for  Coneubtiuu    See  Ecl.  v.  29.  flowed. 

e  sobmni :  nor  do  they  debilitate  There  have  been  various  opinions   and 

« in  lust.    Segnti:  in  the  sense  of  conjecture/with  a  view  to  recoiiciJe  the  poet 

inutiles.    ^unt :    in  the  sense  witn  matters  of  fact.     Hydaspes  is  a  rivei 

unL    /fixibus:  by  labor,  or  tra-  of  India^  and  &iling  into  the  Indus,  forms 

one  of  its  branches.     How  it  could  be  call* 

liis :  from  the  leaves  of  flowers.  ed  Median,  with  any  propriety,  does  not 

rTO«  Qumiet:  theyraise  upaking,  appcar.    Tbere  might  have  been  a  small 

ubjects.     Tbe  bees  are  here  called  river   by   that  ntme,  rising  in  Media,   to 

>y  meton.  taken  from  the  Romans,  which    the    poet   alludes.      Mr.  Davidson 

sometimes  called  (^uiritet  from  thinks  the  river  Choaspes,  which  riscs  in 

who  was  also  cailed  ^uirinut. —  Media,  and  passes  through  the  province  of 

l.  S74.  Susiana,  near  Susa,  one  of  the  capitals  of 

itflre:  in  tbe  |enae  of  amiteruni,  the  Persian  empire,  is  intended.     Uowever 

fHmta  JSlatat,    Aristotle  informs  this  be,  poets  do  not  always  oonline  them- 

as  Uve  six,  and  sometimes  sovon  selves  to  historical  or  geographical  proea- 

t  if  the  swann  subsists  nine  or  ten  sion. 

I  eonsidered  foKunate.  212.  ObtertMtni:  m  the  sense  of  rfneranf 

,  in  the  sense  of  tamen,  tur, 

gjfptut.    The  name  of  the  coun-  213.  Fidem:  in  the  sense  of  toeiHaiem» 

r  aoton.  ibr  the  inhabitants.  The  214.  Cratet :  the  stmctnre  or  fabric. 

iworoverygreatadmirersof  their  215.  Cuttot:  in  the  sense  of  jNiMCff. 

Msny  of  whom  thej  deifled.  216.  Dento  frtmiiu :    with  Aond  bvfltnig 

4im :  a  oonntrj  of  Asia  Minor  or  humming. 

iir  itm  voaUh,  and  the  grandeor  2Sa  Hotiifiit:  Uk  tbe  Mm  of  ■pjyll^i 


142  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Quemque  sibi  tenues  nascentem  arcessere  vk 

CS5.    Deinde   dixere  Scilicet  huc  reddi  deinde,  ac  resoluta  referri 

omnia  resoluta  scilicei  Qmnia :  nec  morti  esse  locum  ;  sed  viva  vol 

peddi,  ac  refem  huc        sideris  in  numerum,  atque  alto  succedere  cc 

226.  Sed  omma  vira       o*  j         j  ^ 

rolare,  qtiaque  in    nu-      ^^  quando  sedem  auffustam,  servataque  i» 

merum  Thesauris  relines  ,  prins  haustu  sparsus  aqui 

231.  Sunt  duo  tempo-  ^™  ^^^®'  fumosque  manu  prietendc  seqnacei 

ca  messis:  unwn  simul  Bis  gravidos  cogunt  fcetus,  duo  tcmpora  mea 

Pleias  Taygete  Taygete  simul  os  terris  ostendit  honestum 

234.  Aut  ubi  eadem  Pleias,  et  Oceani  spretos  pede  reppuUt  anuM 

Pleutf  Aut  eadem  sidus  fugiens  ubi  piscis  aquosi, 

NOTES. 

224.  ^uemoue  naseeniem:  that  every  one,  the  materials  of  which  it  is  eo 
at  hia  birth,  aerives  tender  life  to  himself,  manner  of  the  workmansUj 
from  him.    Hinc :  from  hence — from  6od.  phatically  calls  their  hivesi 

225.  Scilieet :  in  the  eense  of  eerU,  Hue:  Verse  1 79.  supra.  Heync  rai 
hither — to  God.  Retoluta:  in  the  sense  of  229.  ThesaurU:  in  the  M 
dUtoluta,  Prius  fiatulu^  &c.    Commei 

226.  JVee  hcum,  &c.    Virgil  here  gives  agree  upon  this  passage;   a 
the  opinions  of  those  philosophers,  who  re-  confesscd  a  difficult  one.     Di 
jocted  the  doctrine  of  a  vacuum^  and  atoms.  Servius,  who  takes  tpartu»  foi 
Thoy  maintained  that  the  universe  was  ani-  king  tke  meaning  to  be :  Fin 
mated:  that  God  was  omnipresent:  thatall  mouth  draughts  of  water,  ■! 
animals  received  ezistence  from  him :  that  them.     Dr.  Trapp  rejects  t§ 
■iler  death  they  are  all  retumed,  and  car-  gens^  and  thinks  tpartu»  shoii 
ried  back  to  him :  that  there  is  no  room  for  thus  :  Fove  ore  hausttu  aqum 
eztinction  (morti)  or  loss  of  existence :  that  in  your  mouth ;  then  by  'an 
all,  votare  viva^  fly  alive  into  the  order  of  his  words ;  projiee  in  modum  p 
ftar,  and  take  thcir  station  in  high  hoaven.  upon   them  in  the  manner 
In  otlier  words,  all  transmigrate  into  other  you  cannot  do  without  bein| 
beings  in  a  perpetual  round.     This  notion  sparsus.  Hoinsius,  Rueus,  Hr 
was  held  by  many  distinguished  philoso-  othersread :  PrtMs/iafu/Maf 
phers  of  thc  heathcn  world.     Butitwasfar  This,  however,  is  not  with 
from  the  truth.   AII  irrational  animals  perish  If  we  could  read  haiutwn  or/ 
at    Uieir  dcath.     Man  alone   is  imniortal.  tu^  the  paiisage  would  be  e 
Whon  unassinted  rcason  is  employed  upon  would  be  proferable  to  ora, 
the  subject  of  a  future  state  of  existonce,  it  difficulties  may  attend  tlie  o 
discovers  its  own  weakncss.     The  rcsearch-  meaning  is  obvious.     Heym 
es  of  philosophy  serve  only  to  bewilder  the  haustu  aquarum^  in  the  scnM 
mind.     AIl  correct  inforniation  upon  that  iine  aquam  haiutam  ore, 
■ubject  must  come  tlu-ough  the  medium  of  Davidson  reads  haustus^  i 
divine  revelation.     Py thagoras  and  his  fol-  230.  Fumos :  it  is  custom; 
lowers  strenuously  maintained  this  doctrine.  sent  day,  to  drive  or  force  tl 
The  Epicurians  maintained  the  doctrine  of  hive  with  smoke. 

a  varuum^  and  the  atomic  theory.  231.  GraHdos  ffttus  :  in  t 

228.  Si  quando^  &c.     The  poet  now  pro-  nos  favos,     The  comb  is  pn 

eeeds  to  mention  the  proper  seasons  for  open-  or  production  of  the  bees. 

ing  the  hives.     Fle  gives  directions  how  to  ing  or  taking  the  honey  : 

proceed  in  the  business,  and  notices  the  pas-  harvest. 

iionate  temper  of  the  bees  upon  such  occa-  232.  Taygete :  ono  of  thi 

rions.  put  for  tho  whole,  by  synec 

Augtutam,    This  is  the  reading  of  the  best  threo  following  lines,  is  a  b< 

editions,  and  is  supported  by  ancient  manu-  locution  to  express  the  risin 

■cripts.     RueuSfDavidson,  VaIpy,andsomo  thcse  stars;   the  former  is  u 

others,  havc  angustam,     But  if  the  poct  in-  of  April,  the  lattcr  about  th€ 

tended  to  inform  us  that  the  hive  was  small,  or  tlio  bcginning  of  Noveml 

he  might  have  saved  himself  the   pams.  1.  13fi. 

Besides,  augiutam  is,  by  no  means,  an  im-  233.  Amnej :  in  Uio  senei 

proper  epithet.     It  is  exactly  in  the  spirit  of  234.  Sidiu  aquosi  pisrit:  I 

poetry.    It  is  well  known  that  the  bee-hive  of  tlic  rainy  fifih.  The  Pisct 

ie  a  moet  ezquisite  piece  of  architecure,  meant :  for  the  sun  doea  nol 

arhether  wo  regard  the  form  of  tbe  comb«  till  some  tmie  in  February 


GEOBGIC3A.    LIB.  IV. 


143 


IVWor  hybemas  ccbIo  descendit  in  undas.  9Sl 

Vm  ira  modum  supra  est,  laesasque  venenum 
MoTsibus  inspirant,  et  spicula  cacca  relinquunt 
Affixie  venis,  animasque  in  vulnere  ponunt. 

Sin  duram  ipetues  hyemem,  parcesque  futuro, 
Cootusosque  animos  et  res  miserabere  fractas ; 
At  suffire  thymo,  cerasque  recidere  inanes 
Qcds  dubitet  ?  nam  saepe  favos  ignotus  adedit 
filellio,  lucifugis  congesta  cubilia  blattis : 
Immunisque  sedens  alicna  ad  pabula  fucus, 
Aut  asper  crabro  imparibus  se  immiscuit  armis 
Aut  dirum  tineae  genus,  aut  invisa  Minervae 
hforibus  laxos  suspendit  aranea  casses. 
Qud  magis  exhaustae  fuerint ;  hoc  acrius  omnes 
lacumbent  generis  lapsi  sarcire  ruinas, 
Complebuntque  foros,  et  floribus  horrea  texent.         260 

8i  verd  (quoniam  casus  apibus  quoque  nostroi 
Tttg  tulit)  tristi  languebunt  corpora  morbo ; 
Qood  jam  non  dubiis  poteris  cognoscere  signis : 
CoDtiDu6  est  SBgris  alius  color :  horrida  yultum 

N0TE8. 


iSO.   Futuro   palnd^ 
240  '^^''V^  ***^* 


843!  Cubilia  tuni  cob- 
gofta 

245     S45.  Se  eum  ignhtu 


MphiD  may  be  intendod,  as  that  constella- 
6m  riiee  soon  after  the  setting  of  the  P/df- 
■rfn. 
S38.  LoMiB :  in  the  Mnse  of  offenscR, 
t37.  Caea  :  in  the  sense  of  occulta :  mor^ 
tikm:  ttinga.    Inspirant:  thoy  infuse. 
t38.  ,ffix«t:  having  affixed  themselves. 
t40.  Parett  futuro :    you  ahould    spare 
tk«r  future   nouriahment,  and   pitj  thoir 
^ooping  spirita,  and  afflicted  state. 

Commentators  have  cmbarrassed  the  sense 
tf  thts  paasage.  The  meaning  is  plainly 
tUl:  If  you  are  afraid  of  a  hard  winter, 
tnd  that  the  bees  wtll  not  be  ablo  to  sustain 
the  cold,  uniess  they  be  well  fed,  you  should 
Ipare  their  honey,  their  future  nourishment, 
•od  take  none  of  it  from  them. 

S41.  jf/  quU  dubiiet^  &c.  However  you 
ttiay  be  disposed  to  follow  my  direction  in 
Inving  the  honey  untouched,  there  is  one 
thinf  that  should  not  be  neglectod  in  any 
eaee ;  and  that  is,  to  fumig^ate-the  bivea,  and 
to  cnt  away  the  superfluous  waz. 

243.  SteUio.  This  is  a  small  spotted  li- 
ard,  eallcd  also  an  efl  or  swift.  It  creepe 
into  holes  and  comors ;  hence  the  poet  calis 
k  igmUu$,  Congala:  in  the  sense  of  plena, 
Biaitit.  The  blaiia  is  an  insect  something 
BIm  a  boetle.  Some  take  it  to  be  the  cock- 
joadi.  They  are  called  tueifupM^  because 
Hbmj  do  not  appear  in  the  day  time. 

244.  Fueut  immw^t.  The  Drones  are 
ihm  male  beee.    They  have  neither  stings, 

tboae  elastie  teeth  which  the  laboring 
hftvo  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  ho- 
Mj»  Their  only  business  seems  to  be,  to 
&Tt  intmvourse  with  the  queen :  they  may 
b«  mid  to  be  her  husbands :  they  are  sove- 
HMmulred  in  number  in  each  hive.    Afler 


they  have  performed  their  office,  they  1000 
die.  Their  way  of  living  is  very  dinerent 
from  the  rest :  they  are  oxempt  from  labor. 
and  enjoy  a  most  luxurious  fare,  bcing  fed 
with  the  best  of  tlio  honey :  Immunu  tedent 
ad  aliena  painUa^  may  yery  proporly  be  said 
of  thoro. 

245.  Crabro:  the  homet,  a  well  knoiai» 
insect.     It  is  larger  and  stronger  than  the 
boe.     Hence  it  is  said  to  engago  thcm  with 
imparibut  armit. 

246.  THnete :  the  moth ;  an  insect  very 
injurious  to  clothes.  The  conmion  roading 
is  durum :.  Hoyne,  Valpy,  and  some  otlicra, 
read  dtrum. 

247.  Jlranea  invita.  Arachno,  daughtor 
of  Idmon,  a  Lydian,  is  said  to  have  vied 
with  Minerva  in  the  arts  of  spinning  and 
weaving.  She  performed  her  wcrk  to  ad- 
miration ;  but  being  outdnno,  she  hung  her- 
self  through  grief ;  whereupon  tiic  goddees, 
out  of  pity,  changred  her  into  tbc  spider. 
Some  say  she  represontcd  on  her  work  se- 
veral  of  the  crimes  of  the  gods,  which  to 
displeased  the  goddess,  that  she,  in  a  rago, 
destroyed  it.  Hnnce  invita  Minerva,  See 
Ovid  Met.  Lib.  5. 

248.  Que  magU.  The  poet  here  obsenree, 
the  more  you  drain  tbe  honey  from  the 
bees,  the  more  industrious  thov  will  be  to 
lepair  the  loss.  By  being  too  nill  fed,  they 
become  idlo,  and  consequently  less  profit- 
able.  He  then  proceeds  to  consider  the 
diaeases  incident  to  them,  and  the  romediee 
proper  for  each. 

250.  Horrea :  in  the  sense  o£favot,    Tex- 
eni :  they  will  fomi,  or  make. 
252.  Vtia :  the  state,  or  condition  of  li<b 


144  F.  VlilGlLU  MARONI8 

S66:  Corpora  eanm  Defbrmat  maciefl ;  tum  corpora  luce  carenti 
carcntAin  lace  Exportant  tectis,  et  tristia  funera  ducunt : 

Aut  illae  pedibus  connexa;  ad  limina  pendent^ 

Aut  intus  clausis  cunctantur  in  sdibus  omnei 

Ignaveque  fiLme,  et  contracto  frigore  pigfjPB» 

Tum  sonus  auditur  gravior,  tractimque  susur 

Frigidus  ut  quondani  sylvis  imniumiurat  Aui 

•  Ut  mare  sollicitum  stridet  refluentibus  undist 

iEstuat  ut  clausis  rapidus  fomacibus  ignis. 

264.  Soadoboieincon-  Hic  jam  galbaneos  suadebo  incendere  odorc 

^ere  Mellaque  amndineis  inferre  caiialibus,  ultrd 

Hortantem,  et  fessas  ad  pabula  nota  vocanle 
Proderit  ct  tunsum  galla:  admiscere  saporeia 
Arentesque  rosas,  aut  igni  pinguia  multo 
Defruta,  vel  psythi^  passos  de  vite  racemos, 
Cecropiumque  tliymum,  et  graveolentia  cem 
£st  etiam  flos  in  pratis,  cui  nomen  amello 
Fecere  agricors,  facilis  querentibus  herba. 
Namque  uno  ingentem  tollit  de  cespite  sylvi 

NOTEa 

fS5.  Lutt :  in  the  MnM  of  vita.  the  bees  are  sabject  in  the  spr 

f56.  Ducuni.    Pliny  obeervea,  that  the  nyt  ColnDiolla,  by  their  fi 

beeo  aocompuiy  tlie  bodiee  of  their   dead  upon  tpurge  miXer  their  winti 

aftar  the  manner  (»f  a  funeral  proceaaion.  2S9,  Defruia.    De/rutum 

157.  !Ua  e*mnex€t:  donf  together  by  their  made  of  new  wine,  boiled  i 

fbe^  thcy  hang,  &c.  or  one  third,  into  which  m 

559.  CoiUraeto,  RuBut  taket  thit  in  the  gweet  herbe  or  tpicet  were  ] 
■onte  of  conirahente.  He  tayt:  Prigore  rich;  implying  that  i1  th 
eantfaherUe  tnembra.  But  it  may  be  taken  away,  and  made  thick,  ti 
in  its  usual  accoptation,  without  any  impro-  spicet.  Pamn  raeemo» :  pi 
priety :  for  the  bees  may  be  taid  to  contract,  ^f  grapes  hung  up  to  dry  ii 
or  take  cold;  and  thia  the  poet  mentiona  at  ^ina.  Hence  by  meton.  pi 
one  of  their  diseoaca.  made  of  auch   grape»-nii 

560.  Draetim :  in  a  drawling  manner —  Geor.  iL  93. 

ooe  after  anolhor.  270.    Cempium  :    Attie, 

26«.  SoUicitum :  in  the  tenae  of  turbatum.  from  Ceeropt,  one  of  the  firtt 

«63.  RapiduM:  intenae— ezcettive.    JEt-  Ceniaurea:  piu.  the  herb  oi 

iuat:  roare.  ^^  two  kinda  of  centaury, 

«64.  Gaibaneof :  an  adj.  from  gtUbanum^  tho  leat.      They  have  no 

a  atrong-acented  jruiii,  the  traell  of  which  ia  than  the  bittomctt  of  their 

•aid  to  drive  away  aerpentt.     It  it  made  of  to  have  derived  iu  name  f 

the  luice  of  the  plant  called/eni/o.  of  the  Centaan,  whom  it  o 

The   poet   hore  direcU  the  bee-matter,  received  by  an  arrow  from 

whan  his  bees  nhuw  theee  trmptomt,  to  bum  ^,     ^^  ..       ««^n.   ^. 

i.                       ...     1 .    ^    "^. .  .       «11  z7i.  Mmetto,     JMeUa,  or 

g^banum  «round  the  hiTe.,  which  will  ex-  ci,.,lpme  Gaul,  on  the  bai 

H  the  vermin.  if  any  th.re  are  ;  tomtro.  j^^^^^he™  .poken  of  abo 

da »  honey  mto  the  hiTe.  Ihroughjreeda,  to  ^^i„    ,„  ^^      ;,  ^^ 

inakeupthedefio.cncyofAeirrood,andto  Mr.  Martyn  think.   it   th« 

•je  .Tery  mean.  to  allur.  them  to  partake  ,^  ,j;.^  Har^H,  o, 

naaffieient.      He  moat  add   to  thia  honey    -„,„«1-  oceun  in  Virril.  ai 
c«Uinm.dicinal  .ub.tancM,  aa  rrawdiM  of   J^  CntkM.    It  U  t?b«  ta 

.^^'*Ll^         Zl^a^Jr'^  in  th.  eenae  of  nU  tShu  , 

Mda^ra<eu>gwith^«.,ii»l«.to«L    &^  „gmenanh.    S«i  G«>r.  iii 
T€m,  juice. 

«67.  OaUm:  the  nut^L    Thia  poatetaea       ^^  {^''*f  •  «^  ^  ^ 

?ary  powerful  aatringent  qnalities.    It  waa  ™®  ••«*  for  iL 
wy  proper,  therefore,  to  recoounend  the        «73.   Ceapiie.      CmptM^ 

ot  it«  to  check  the  looeeneaa  to  which  the  rootof  the  plant.    S^ 


GEORGICA.     I-IB.  IV. 


146 


Anreus  \pM .  sed  iii  foliis,  quae  pluriina  cirruin 
Funduiitur,  \iolm  suhlucel  purpura  nigric 
Sspe  Deuin  iiexis  oriiaice  torquibus  arie. 
Aiper  in  ore  sapor:  tonsis  in  vallibus  illum 
Pastores,  ct  ciirva  legunt  prope  fluinina  Mell». 
Hqjus  odorato  radices  incoque  Baccho, 
Pabiilaque  in  foribus  plenis  appone  canistris. 
Sed  si  quein  proles  subito  defecerit  oiniiis, 
Nec,  genus  unde  novs  stlrpis  revocetur,  habebit : 
Tempus,  et  Arcadii  mcmoranda  inventa  magistri 
Ftndere,  quoque  modo  cssis  jam  ss?pe  juvencis 
iDnncerus  apes  tulerit  cruor.     Altius  omnein 
Expcdiam  [irinii  repetens  ab  origine,  fainam 
Nam  qua  Pellici  gens  fortunata  Canopi 
Accolit  eifuso  stagnantem  flumine  Nilum, 
Et  circum  pictis  vehitur  sua  rura  phaselis ; 
Quaque  pharetratae  vicinia  Persidis  urget 
Ht  riridem  iEgyptum  nigri  fcBcui^dat  areni ; 
Ex  diversa  ruens  septem  discurrit  in  ora, 
Usque  coloratis  ainnis  devexus  ab  Indis  ; 
Oamis  in  hic  ceriam  regio  jacit  arte  salutem. 


276 

277.    Sapor    gus   e$t 
9i»per  in  ore 

280  280.  Apponeque  pa- 
bultt  apiinu  plenis  cani^- 
tris  in  foribus  alvearu, 

283.  TempuB  esi  vMn- 
dere 

285 


290  ^^"  Qu^ue  amnis 
devezua  uaque  ab  colo- 
ratia  India  urget 


NOTES. 


^ttfiam  eauhunu  Feetre  *  in  the  aenae  of 
dMenml. 

f75.  ^igrtr:  deep  colored.  Fufiduntur: 
ifffwit,  or  ahoot  up. 

276.  /texie:    made,    or  formed  of  thia 


279.  Intoque :  boil,  or  simmer. 

181.  Sed  n  qutm^  &c  Tlie  poet  now  pro- 

•dii  to  give  an  account  of  the  method 
mctised  b/  Aristieus  for  ihe  recovery  of 
his  beee,  afler  all  his  swarms  were  lost. 
OMiMf  frQl*is :  the  whole  atock,  or  race. 

f85.  Inttneerua:  in  the  sease  ofputridus. 
JtUn»:  m  the  eense  of  longi.  It  ia  to  be 
«NUieeted  with  repetent, 

180.  Hxpediam :  in  the  senae  of  iuirrabo. 

07.  Otnt  /ortunata:  the  Egyptians. 
Ther  are  here  called  happy,  or  fortunate, 
oa  accoont  of  the  fertilitT  of  thoir  country, 
wfaieh  u  occasioned  by  the  annual  inunda- 
lioii  of  tho  rtTer  Nile.  Canopi.  Canopus 
waa  a  citj  of  Egfypt,  near  Alexandria, 
flMHided  by  Alezander  the  Great,  who  was 
Wb  at  PeUa,  in  Macedonia.  Hence  the  city 
Ganoinui  is  called  PelUnu.  The  city,  by 
Mton.  for  the  inhabitants;  who  may  be 
pat,  by  sjmeo.  for  aJI  the  Egyptians. 

SB8.  Simgnaniem :  in  the  sense  of  inun" 
^miiem.    ^groe  is  understood. 

fSb.  yehityr  cireitm.  During  the  con- 
oee  of  the  inundation,  the  inhabitants 
firom  ooe  part  of  the  country  to  an- 

^ m  boota,  or  small  bar|res;  here  caJled 

fhmrH      yiehitur  agrees  with  gent. 

HOl  Viwet  vienUa.  The  Nile  did  not 
bMdi,  ar  Eorder  npon  the  neighborhood  of 
Ftnia,  properly  so  ealled.    But  we  are  in- 

J 


formed  by  Xenophon,  that  the  Persian  em- 
pire  under  Cyrus  extended  as  far  west  aj 
Egypt.  The  Nile  may  therefore  be  said  to 
pre88  upon  the  borders  of  Persia,  since  the 
Persians  extended  their  dominions  as  far  aa 
Egypt ;  wliich  justifies  the  ezpression  of  the 
poet.  Vicinia  :  plu.  of  vieinium.  The  Per- 
sians  were  famous  for  their  skill  in  archery ; 
hence  pluiretrata  Perridi». 

293.  j^mni»:  the  river  Nile.  It  rises  in 
Abyssinia,  in  the  mountains  of  the  Moon, 
in  about  the  lat.  1 1°  N.  and  runM  in  a  north- 
erly  direction;  and,  aftcr  receiving  a  num- 
bcr  of  tributary  strcamB,  it  falls  into  the 
Mediterrancan  sea  in  seven  different  chan- 
nels,  or  moutlis,  in  lat.  32  N.  forniing  the 
Delta  of  Lower  Egypt.  The  inuiidation  of 
the  Nile  occasions  the ,  fcrtility  of  Egypt. 
Its  waters  briiig  with  them  tJie  riclmess,  or 
wash  of  the  upper  country,  and  hero  deposil 
iL  This  the  poet  calls,  nigra  artna.  The 
rise  of  the  Nile  is  occasioned  by  the  rain 
that  falls  at  &  eertain  season  of  the  year  in 
the  mountains  of  Abyssinia.  The  proper 
hoight  to  which  the  water  «hould  rise  »n 
E|^pt  is  16  cubits,  or  24  fcct  If  it  fall 
short  of  that,  a  famine  is  expected ;  if  it 
ezceed  it,  an  injury  is  sustaincd.  By  means 
of  canaJs,  the  water  is  carried  to  every  part 
of  the  country.  For  an  excellcnt  descrip- 
tion  of  the  Nile,  see  RoIIin^s  An.  His.  Vol.  1. 
Indie.  Any  country  that  lay  in  a  hot  cli- 
mate,  the  ancients  denominated  Irutia^  and 
its  inhabitants  Indi.  Coloratit:  tawny^ 
sun-burnt.     Devexut:  flowing  down  ftoni 


294.  Arte :  in  the  seose  of  tnefnie 


I 


146  K  VlRGILIl  MARON18 

Exiguus  prinium,  atque  ipsos  contractuB  ti 
Cligitur  locus  :  hunc  angustique  inibrice  tec4 
Parietibusque  premunt  arctis ;  et  quatuor  ad 
Quatuor  a  ventis  obliqua  luce  fenestras. 
Tum  vitulus,  bima  curvans  jam  comua  frontf 
JOO.  Gemine  naret  Qua;ritur :  huic  geminae  nares,  et  spiritus  oe 
b^trwirUur  Multa  reluctanti  obstruitur ;  plagisque  perei 

301.  Viflcereque  tunsa  Xunsa  per  integram  soJvuntur  viscera  pdloin 
re^owinuir^u^^^el  ^ic  positum  in  clauso  linquunt :  et  ramea  co 
rempto.  Subjiciunt  fragmenta,  thymum,  casiasque  rec 

303.  Sic  linquunt  vt-  Hoc  geritur,  Zephyris  primum  impellentibua 
hdum  positura  in  rlauso  ^nte  novis  rubeant  (juam  prata  coloribus,  ai 

o/w>   ^  1    -u     n         Garrula  quani  tiguis  nidum  suspendat  hjrund 

306.  Colonbus /lorum ,  ^       .  ^^       •   7^     /•    .  i.      u 

*^  Interea  teneris  tepefactus  m  ossibus  humor 

iEstuat :  et  visenda  modis  animalia  miris, 
Trunca  pedum  primo,  mox  et  stridentia  pen 
Miscentur,  tcnuemque  magis,  magis  aera  ca 
312.    Donec   erup^re  Donec,  ut  aestivis  effusus  nubibus  imbcr, 
'^*^  l""f'  ^^         .      .  Erup^re  s  aut,  ut  nervo  pulsante  sagitts, 

«t  M^tto*  '**"*  '  ^'''""'^  *®^^^  ineunt  si  quando  pr^Iia  ParthL 

Quis  Deus  hanc,  Musa^,  quis  nobis  extudil 

Unde  nova  ingressus  hoininum  experientia  ( 
Pastor  Aristaeus,  fugiens  Peneia  Tempe, 

Amissis,  ut  fama,  apibus  morboque  famequc 

NOTES. 

396.  Hune  premuni:  thej  contract  this  string.  J^erco:  the  string 
(ftill  more)  by  &  narrow  roof  and  confined  bow.  The  Parthians  wcre 
wallt  -walis  closo  togethcr.  Imbrtx  is  pro-  and  usually  commenccd  the 
perly  the  gutter-tile  of  the  roof,  to  carry  ofT  of  arrows. 

the  water.     Hence  it  may  be  taken  for  ihe         314.  si  quando:  in  the  m 

roof  itaclC     Imbrict  an^xuti  tecli :  wilh  tho         «ic     r»  j  j-.    ;    «1 

c  °  £>  315.  Kxttidii:  in  the  Bcns 

covering  ot  a  narrow  root. 

397.  Parietibus:  parietcs,  properly  the  316.  Ingrtssm:  acc.  plu. 
walls  of  a  house :  muri^  the  wallH  of  a  city.     originein. 

Premunt :  in  the  ecnac  oC  co7ilrahunt.  317.  Aristatus.     He  is  sa 

299.  Bitna :  in  the  senb-e  of  hicnni.  the  son  of  Apollo  aad  tlic 

391.  Multa :  in  the  scnso  of  multum^  in  tlie  daughtcr  of  thc  rivcr  t 

imitation  of  the  Grceks.  bom  in  the  dcserts  of  Lybi 

302.  yisctra  tu7isa^  Sic.    Thc  meaning  is :  the  daughtcr  of  Cadinus, 
that  the  entrails  of  the  aniinal,  as  he  lay  Jintunoi^  by  whoni  he  had 
dead,  being  bcatcn  with  blows,  are  broken  enaniourbd  witli  Eurydice, 
in  pieccK,  the  hide  reinaining  entirc.     yis-  phcus,  he  pursued  hor  iiito 
cero,  is  propcrly  thc  wholc  animal  within  the  a  snake,  laying  in  thc  grass 
hide,  as  wcU  the  flesh  as  the  ontrails.     Pt-  hcr;  of  which  wound  she 
rempto:  in  the  senso  of  interfecto,  upon,  the  gods  werc  angry, 

^5.  Oeritur :    in   the   sense   of   afcitur,  punishment,  dcstroyed   his 

Zephyris.     The  zephyrs  begin  to  blow,  in  calamity,  he  applied  to  his 

ihat  climate,  early  in  the  month  of  Fcbru-  rccted  him  10  apply  to  thc  ri 

ary,  according  to  Pliny.     Impeilentibus :  in  He  dirccted  hiin  to  appea 

the  sense  of  agitantibus.  Eurydico  by  the  sacrifice  o 

307.  Anttquam  hirundo.  Thctimeofthe  four  hcifcrs.  It  is  said  tl 
flwallow^s  coming  is  said  by  Columclla,  to  over  various  countries,  tci 
be  in  the  latter  part  of  Fcbruary,  in  tliat  cultivation  of  the  olive,  and 
climate;  wilh  us  it  is  much  later.  Ho  visited  Arcadia;  heiice 

309.  JRstuat :  ferments.    TVunra  :  dcsti-  eadius  magisttr  apum.     He 

tate  of — wanting.      Miscentur :    mingle —  honors^  and  was  worshippc 

•warm.     Carpunt:  in  thc  sense  of /fn/i/w/.  Tempt :  neu.  plu.  a  pleasun 

^12    F.rupert :  in  the  sonse  of  erolarrrunt.  saly,  through  which  tho  riv 

AVrto  pulsante     fflew)  from  the  whizzinif  Hcncc  Uio  opithct  Pertean* 


GEORGICA.     LIB.  IV.  147 

TMi  ad  extroroi  sacruin  caput  astitit  amnis, 

Multi  querens :  atque  hdc  affatus  vocc  parentem :      320 

Kater  Cyrene,  mater,  quce  gurgitis  hujus 

Ima  tenes :  quid  mo  praeclarsi  stirpe  Deorum  322.   Tones  irna  bca 

(S^modd,  quem  perhibcs,  pater  est  Thymbncus  Apollo)   hujus  gurgitis:  quid  g(w 

hmsum  fatis  genuisti  ?  aut  qud  tibi  nostri  ""«^»  ""«  inviRum  fatis 

Palsus  amor  ?  quidme  ccelum  sperare  jubebas  ?        325  1  P"^^»f'*  «iirpe  Deo- 
n     •       m  .  .^  .  !•    1  rum ;    ii   modo    1  hym- 

En  euam  hunc  ipsum  viUe  mortahs  honorem,  br»ui  ApoU«»,  quem  por- 

Qaem  mihi  vix  frugum  et  pecudum  custodia  solers  hibes  meum  putrtm,  cfit 

Omnia  tentanti  extuderat,  te  matrc,  relinquol  m^  pator :  aut  quo  ett 

Quin  age,  et  ipsa  manu  felices  erue  sylvas,  329  ^^  *«"<>'  "<»^"  P"*«"" 

Ferstabulis  inimicum  ignem,  atque  interfice  messes:         *  «0«     r«    • . 

|.  ,. ,        •    ® ..  1?      •  •  •>*o»     *'U,    le    matre, 

Ire  sata,  et  yahdam  m  vites  mohre  bipennem  :  etiam  relinquo  Imnc  ip- 

Tinta  meae  si  te  ceperunt  ta^a  laudis.  aum  honorem 

At  mater  sonitum  thalamo  sub  flnminis  alti  329.  Tu  ipta  erue  m§€m 

8eiMt:  eam  circum  Milcsia  vellera  Nymphae  fehcef 

Cirpebant,  hyah  saturo  fucata  colore :  335 

Dnmoque,  Xanthoquo,  Ligeaque,  Phyllodoceque, 

Ccsariem  eifuss  nitidam  per  candida  colla  ;  33t.  EfTuBffi  quoadnU 

Ness^,  Spioque,  Thaliaque,  Cymodoceque,  ^'**"JJ    .,  .,       . 

Cydippeque,  ci  flava  Lycorias ;  altera  virgo,  gof^tar  Z  '"" 

Ahera  tum  pnmos  Lucinse  experta  labores ;  340 

Clioque,  et  Beroe  soror,  Oceanitides  ambae, 

AmbjE  auro,  pictis  incinctae  pellibus  ambae  ;  343.  Ambe   incinctw 

Atque  Ephyre,  atque  Opis,  et  Asia  Deiopeia ;  &uro,     ambe    intinctfB 

&  UDdem  positis  velox  Arethusa  sagittis.  P'®^ 

loter  quas  curam  Clymene  narrabat  inanem^  345 

I 

NOTES. 


S19.  M  mtnmm   eaput :   at  the    aacred  or  sca-grreen  color ;    fVom  a  Greek  word 

Mwte  of  the  remote  river.     AriiitaBUs  re-  ■ignifying  glasa. 

■W  iB  the  vaie  of  Tempe.     AAer  tho  losa        336.  Drymo,     The  namca  of  the  nymphe 

■f  bii  beet,  he  retired  to  the  tource  of  the  hcre  mentioned  are  taken  from  Honier  and 

Bttr  Peneiu,  in  mount  PinduB,  where  his  Hesiod,  and  are  all  of  Greek  derivation. 
MhBr  had  her  residence.    AfVor  her  amour        337.  Kffxua:    in  the  scnse    of  diffutm: 

viik  ApoUo,  it  \m  aaid  that  god  conveyed  their  hair  hung  loose,   and    flowing  over 

kr  to  Africa,  where  she  resided  during  the  thcir  Rnow-white  necka. 
fned  of  ber  gestation  and  delivery.     Her        340.  Erperta:  in  the  Benaoof  potxa.   Lun 

■avasbroogfat  up  bj  the  Seotofu,  and  fed  cinir:    child-bearing.      Tho  name    of  the 

mmbrtia,  goddrss  of  child-bearing ;  by  meton.  taken 

SSL  GttrgiHM :  in  the  eense  offoniit.  for  ctiild-boaring    itsclf.     It  is  an  epitlict 

3Bb  «MfsA ;  in  the  senae  of  eerti,    Thym"  both  of  Juno  and  Diana. 

.*  a  name  of  ApoUo,  from  Thymbrn^  a        341.  Oceanitidet :  daughters  of  the  ocean. 

tM  of  Troas;,  where  he  had  a  magnificent  Soe  Ecl.  ii.  46. 

iaa^    Perhihta :    in  the  sense  of   diei»^        343.    Deiopeia,     This  nymph    is    cnlled 

irissrat.  Atian,,  because  she  was  of  tho  Asiau  ler< : 

3n.  Cnttodia:  in  the  sense  of  ewra,  Atia  apprilatur  quia  ex  Atia  patude. 
SHL  Refinquo:  in  the  sense  of  amitto,        344.  Arethuta,     She  had  becn  at  finil  a 

Utidderat:  hiad  provided,  or  procurcd.  huntress,  and  one  of  Diana^s  train ;  but  af- 

9K9.  Felieet:  i n  the  sense  of/(rrun//a«.  tcrward   changod   by  her  into  a  fountain 

Sn«  Afolire ;  in  the  sense  of  tfnmt7/«.  nymph.     Hence  the  propriety  of   tagittu 

S9S.  Tadia  :  in  tho  sense  of  negligeniia,  potitit, 

9^,  Miierim:  an  adj.  from  .Aff7<r^tf,  a  city        345.  Fnter  qnat:  among^  whom  Cljrmeue 

h  Ike  ecnAnta  of   lonia  and   Caria.     Its  was  rclating,  &c.     Vonus,  the  wifc  of  Vul 

hM  in  i^reat  estimation  amon^  can,  was  takcu  in  adultory  with  Mars.    Hcr 

huflband  cast  a  nct  over  thcm,  ai*  thvy  werc 

Cawpekmmi:  in  the  sense  of  nehant,  in  carh  other*s  emlrace,  and  m  this  situa 

;  4yad  vith  a  rich  sea-fpreen  color.  tion  thcy  wore  ex(  OBcd  to  \V\c  \;iM^\\\.eT  « 

.- glaas;  idsoa^iast/,  ai/ tije  frods.    The  poel  ea\\«  Vm\c%xC«  c&m 


148  .  P.  VIRGTLIl  MARONIS 

S47.  Vulcani  dc  emtO'  Vulcani,  Martisque  dolos,  et  dult.  a  rurta, 

*^1r  ^Sr^h  Aque  Chao  densos  Divuiii  nuinerabat  amorei 

^^^8.   J^fympha  capt»  (;;a,.j„i,^g  q^,Q  caplae,  duni  fusis  mollia  pensa 

Devolvunt,  iterum  maternas  impulit  aureii 
Luctus  Aristaei,  vitreisque  sedilibus  omnes 
Obsiupere :   sed  ante  alias  Arcthusa  sororen 
Prospiciens,  summa  flavum  caput  extulit  undj 

358.  Et  procul  dixit:  Et  procuJ :  O,  ^eniitu  non  frustra  exterrita  d 
O  Miror  Cyrene  Cyrene  soror  ;  ipse  tibi,  tua  maxima  cura, 

Tristis,  Ansta;us,  Penei  genitoris  ad  undam 
Stat  lachrymans,  et  te  crudelem  nomine  dicit 

357.   Mater   perculsa  Huic  perculsa  nova  mentem  formidine  mater 

!£c,  duc^Uhif^^d  DM I  Tangere,  ait.     Simui  alta  jubet  discedere  laf 
tkM  ett  illi  Flumina,  qua  juvenis  gressus  inferret :  at  itti 

Curvata  in  montis  faciem  circumstetit  unda, 
Accepitque  sinu  vasto,  misitque  sub  amnenu 
Jamque  domum  niirans  genitricis  et  humida 
Speluncisque  lacus  clausos,  lucosque  sonant 
Ibat :  et,  ingenti  motu  stupefactus  aquarunif 
Omnia  sub  magna  labentia  flumina  terrl 
Spectabat  diversa  locis,  Phasimque,  Lycumc 
£t  caput,  unde  altus  primum  se  erumpit  Eni 
S7l   Et  unde  Erida-  ^"^®  pater  Tyberinus,  et  unde  Aniena  fluei 
nvm  auratus  qjioad  ge-  Saxosumque  sonans  Hypanis,  Mysusque  Ca 
mina  comua  Et  gemina  auratus  taurino  comua,  vultu 

NOTES. 

wanefn^  vain,  because  it  had  no  efTect  to  re-  lows,  was  of  the  opinion,  1 

claim  his  wife,  or  because  it  served  only  to  under  the  earth,  a  general  n 

propagato  his  own  disgrace  :  or  rathcr,  be-  servoir  of  water,  from  which 

Muse  he  was  unable,  with  all  his  care  and  all  fed.     This  they  called    l 

watchfulness,  to  prevent  her  from  dcfiling  lacus  elausos^  &c.  the  poct  i& 

his  bed.     Venus  was  a  wanton  dame.  ral  reservoir  of  water. 

346.  DulHa  furta.  This  alludes  to  the  367.  Diversa,  remote — ^wi 
amour  of  Mars  with  Venus :  stolcn  embra-  Phaiim :  Phasis,  a  noble  n 
ces — sweet  thef\s.  rising  in   the  mountains  of 

347.  Chao :  from  the  origin  of  the  world ;  into  the  Euzine  sea.  It  ia 
or  f^'om  Chaos,  who,  according  to  fable,  was  expedition  of  the  Argonau' 
the  first  of  the  gods.  Densos:  in  the  sense  it  afler  a  longand  perilousi 
of  frequentes^  vel  multos.  Lyeus^  the  name  of  several  i 

348.  Mollia  pensa  :  the  sofl  yam.  Car-  certain,  which  one  the  poet 
mine :  song,  story,  or  subject.  368.   Caput :    the  sourci 

351.  Anti:  bcfore  her  other  sistcrs.  Enipeus  is  a  river  of  Thessa 

353.  J^on  frustra :  not  in  vain  alarmed  :  plains  of   Pharsalia,  and 

jou  arc  alarmed,  and  not  without  reason.  river  Peneus. 

355.  Undam  :  in  the  senso  of /on/^. —         369.  Tyberinus:  the  rive 

Peneus^  the  river  god,  was  the  father  of  It  is  called  by  way  of  emL 

Cyrenc.  falls  into  the  Tuscan  sea. 

360.  Inferret  gressua :  might  introduce  his  from  Anio^  the  name  of 
foot-steps — might  march  along :  a  phrase.  Italy. 

Flumina:  in  the  sense  of  aquas.  370.  Hypanis:  ariver  of 

361.  Curvata:  roiled  or  heaped  up  in  the  matia,  uniting  with  the  Boi 
fbrm  of  a  mountain.  per,  and  with  it,  flowt  into 

S62..Vm/.*  in  thesonse  of  flufmin/.    Eum  Hodie^  Bog.    Saxositm:  un 

is  anderstood.  gen.  uscd   adverbially — ai 

364.  SpeluneiM,   There  were  two  opinions  Cateus:  a  river  ofMysia  m> 

among  the  ancients  respecting  the  origin  of  Asia.     It  falls  into  the  A 

rivers.    Aristotle  considered  the  sea  to  be  opposite  to  Mitylene  on  tli 

the  Bource :  bat  Plato,  whom  Viigil  here  fol-  boe,    Hence  the  epithet  M 


G£ORGlCA      LIB.  IV.  49 

Endanuf,  quo  non  aliuA  per  pinguia  culta  ,372.  Quo  anint  oon 

fe  mare  puqiureum  vioientior  influit  amnis.  *^"?  *°*"^  *^*"^  ^®* 

Poslquam  est  in  tli«ilami  pendcntia  pumice  tecta  ^^74'  ^PMtnuam   ncr- 

Penrentum,  et  nati  fletus  cognovit  inancs  375  yentum  ett  in  tecta  tiiv 

Cjrene:  manibus  Ii(}uidos  dant  ordine  fontes  Umi 

Geniian»,  tonsisque  ferunt  mantilia  viliis 

Pars  epulis  onerant  mensas,  et  plena  reponunt 

Pocula ;  Panchxis  adolcscunt  ignibus  ars. 

Ct  iiiater :  Cape  Maeonii  carchesia  Bacclii :  380     380.   £t   mator   ait ; 

Ocpano  libenius,  ait.     Simul  ipsa  precatur  Cmpe 

Oceariuinque  patrem  rerum,  Nymphasque  sorores, 

Centum  (|uaj  sylvas,  centum  quo:  flumina  servanU 

Ter  iiijuido  ardentem  perfudit  nectare  Vestam : 

Ter  tlainma  ad  summum  tecti  subjecta  reluxit.  385 

Omine  quo  firmans  animum,  sic  incipit  ipsa  : 

Ea  in  Carpathio  Neptuni  gurgite  vates, 

NOTES. 

3T1  Eridamu:  theriverPo.    Thisuithe  376.  Dani:  m  the  sense  of /eruyi/.     JLi- 

UmttriTerof  Italy.  quido$ /oniet :  m  the  sense  or  purat  aqtuu, 

Tbere  ij  a  neeming  difficulty  in  reconciling  This  w&ter  was  brought  for  the  uho  of  Aris- 

v^t  it  iMire  naid  of  this  river  with  matter  toeus;   manibus  may  therefore  refcr  to  his 

tituL    We  ore  told  tlie  Po  is  not  a  rapid  hands — for  washing  his  honds:   or  it  may 

nver.   It  llowt  the  greater  part  of  its  course  refer   to   tho  hands   of   the   nympLs   who 

tiiroufli  a  level  and  highly  cultivated  coun-  brought  it — in  their  handH. 

tij    This  taken  into  considcration,  no  othcr  377.  Maniilia :    towels.     It  woiild  »eem 

fire/  perhape,  under  tlie  saine  circumstan-  thoy  were  made  of  some  shagefy  or  nappy 

CM,  dows  with  greater  rapidity.      We  are  cloth,  which  was  sometimos  «honi  for  the 

■utto  understand  the  poet  as  speaking  ab-  grcatcr  smoothness  and  dclicaoy.    Our  nap- 

nlatelj,  but  comparatively.     It  falls  into  kins  were  probably  of  Ihe  sanie  sort  for- 

l^  Adriatic  «ea,  or  guif  of  Venice.  mcrly,  tho  word  seeming  to  be  derived  from 

TaMrino  vultu,     The  form  of  a  bull  is  of-  nap.     Tonti*  villis:  tlie  shag  or  nap  being 

ta.  bj  tho  poets,  given  to  rivers,  from  thcir  cut  off. 

iMnBg  and  rapid  coune:  tlie  noisc  which  379.  Panchait:  an  adj.  from  Paneh<Ba,  a 

Ibej  make,  bcaring  somo  rescmblance  to  rcgion   of  Arabia,  abounding  in   frankin- 

DKbellowmgof  Uiat  animal.    They  arc  also  ccnHO.     j^ra:  the  altars  bum  witli  Arabian 

oUed  romu/i,  or  horned,  from  the  double  frankincenKC. 

Waki  or  channcls,  into  which  thcy  divide  2^0.  Carehetia,     The  earcht^sium  was  a 

IkaiielTes:   or  perhaps  from  the  circum-  large  oblong  bowl  or  goblet,  flattcd  about 

4um  of  their  being  sometimes  formed  by  tJje  middle,  having  handles  reaching  quite 

tfee  union  of  two  streams  or  smaller  rivers.  to  thc  bbttom.     jHaonii :  an  adj.  froin  Jtfo- 

Af  for  ezample,  the  river  Ohio  is  formcd  onia^  tlie  ancicnt  namo  of  Lydia  in  Asia 

^  the  anion  of  the  rivers  Alleghany  and  Minor.    It  abounded  in  vines.    Baeehi:  for 

MMMMigahela.  vini. 

Bercales  is  said  to  have  brokcn  ofT  one  383.  Servant:  in  the  sense  of  prcttidcni. 

^  Um  homs  of  ^'ieheloiJit,     It  is  thus  ex-  3H4.  Per/u7u/t7 :  she  sprinkled — wet.  wtfr- 

Humd.    Tbat  hero  reduced  the  river  to  one  deniem  Vettam:  the  flaniing  fire :  See  iEn.  1. 

c^tanel  or  slroam.     The  dried  part  or  bro-  292.     Neeiare :  for  vino,     Nectar  was  pro- 

koi  bora  of  the  river  was  converted  into  pcrly  the  bcst  and  purest  wine,  such  as  they 

nitful  fiolds  and  garden^     This  gave  rise  assigned  to  the  use  of  the  gods. 

to  the  iablo  of  the  cornucopie,  or  hora  of  3li5.  Subjceta,     This  Rueeus  takes  in  the 

H(*ty.    Tliis  was  given  to  the  nyinphs,  and  scnso  of  tuppotita;  with  what  propriety, 

bttkem  presenied  totlie  Goddessof  Plonty.  however,  does  not  appear.     The  meaning 

The  verb  erumpit  is  to  be  supplicd  with  plainly  is :  that  when  the  wine  was  pourcd 

nek  of  tbo  prec^Miing  nominatives.  upon  the  fire,  a  flame  arose,  or  blazed,  aod 

374.  Pemdentia:  vaulted,  or  archod  wilh  shone  bright,  as  high  as  the  roof  of  the 

puuee  stone.     KumuB  vay 9  \  ttructa  tmpen'  house.     6'u^/ictu,  from  which  nt6/«r/a  is  do- 

imU  pwniet,     PenKnittm  ett :  imp.  verb,  rivcd,  signifies  to  rise,  or  mount  up.     Soe 

'  ia  thft  sense  of  pervenit,  Ei:I.  x.  74,  and  JRn,  xii.  288.    It  is  here  ueed 

375.  inantt:  vain^  says  Scrviua,  becauite  iu  ihe  senso  of  surf^etit, 

we?e  exeited  by  a  calamity  easy  to  bo  3}j7.  Carpathio :  an  adj.  from  Carpatkut^ 

an  iHland  in  tlic  Mcditerraneau  ■ea.lk^vn 


150  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Ca*ruieus  Proteus,  magnum  qui  piscibus  asqv 

Et  juncto  bipedum  curru  metitur  equorum. 

Hic  nunc  Emathioe  portus,  patriamque  revisif 

Pallenen  ;  hunc  et  nymphae  veneramur,  et  ip 

Grandsuvus  Nereus  :  novit  namque  omnia  va 

:iia.  KiMmBUitpnBten-  Quae  sint,  quae  fuerint,  quse  mox  ventura  tral 

fic,  qufls  fuerint  praie-  Qujppe  ita  Neptuno  visum  est :  immania  cuj 

^^'  ^  Annenta,  et  turpes  pascit  sub  gurgite  phocai 

Hic  tibi,  nate,  prius  vinclis  capiendus,  ut  omi 
Expediat  morbi  causam,  eventusque  secund€ 
Nam  sine  vi  non  ulla  dabit  pnecepta,  neque : 
Orando  flectes :  vim  duram  et  vincula  capto 

400.  Circum  hiBc  mn-  Tendc :  doli  circum  haec  demum  frangentur 

"*^i'  r>     •    ^  A»  ..«  Ipsa  ego  te,  medios  cum  Sol  accenderit  aesti 

401.  Effo  ipsa  ducam  a>        -^-      .  i      i.         .  *•         -. 
te  in  «ecreta  ioni.,  quo    C"™  sitiunt  herbae,  et  pecon  jam  graUor  unr 

402.  Gratior   pecori  In  secrcta  senis  ducam,  qu6  fessus  ab  undis 
fukm  herba  Se  recipit ;  facile  ut  sonino  aggrediare  jacei 

405  lUum  correptum  Verum  ubi  correptum  manibus,  vinclisque  U 

Tum  varise  eludent  species,  atque  ora  ferani 
Fiet  enim  subitd  sus  horridus,  atraque  tigria 
Squamosusque  draco,  et  fulva  cervice  lesna 
Aut  acrem  flammse  sonitum  dabit,  atque  ita 
Excidet,  aut  in  aquas  tenues  dilapsus  abibit. 
Sed  quant6  ille  magis  fonnas  se  vertet  in  oo 
Tant6,  nate,  magis  contende  tenacia  vincla  i 
4l3i  Qualem  videris  Donec  talis  erit,  mutato  corpore,  qualem 
•''•'»»  Videris,  incepto  tegeret  cum  lumina  somno 

NOTES. 

flhodes  and  Crete,  whence  the  neighboring  389.  Metitur:  he  measuro 

»oa  was  called  Carpathian,     It  is  now  call-  Juncto :  yoked,  or  hamessei 

ed  Srarpanto.    J^eptuni:  Noptunus,  thc  god  his  marine  horses,  that  wer 

of  the  sea,  by  meton.  put  hcre  for  tlio  sca  his  car. 

itself,  according  to  Rusus.    That  commen-  391.  Pallenen:  Pallene,  i 

tator  takes  ^trgite  in  the  sonso  of  sinu;  Macedonia,  whose  original  n 

but  it  is  better  to  take  it  in  the  scnse  of  tfiia, 

mari^  and  J^eptuni  in  its  usual  acccptation.  393.  Trahaniur,     There  i 

yaten  JW/i/uni:   the  prophet  of  Neptune.  priety  in  the  use  of  Ihis  wor 

For  Proteus,  it  is  said,  received  from  that  the  heathen  notion  of  fate. 

Kod  the  prit^  of  prophecy.  are  said  to  be  drawn,  {traA 

388.  Proteus:  a  sca-god.     According  to  tliat  serics,  or  chain  of  caui 

fable,  he  was  the  son  of  Oceanus  and  Tc-  thcy  so  follow  that  one  may 

thys,  and  received  the  gif\  of  prophccy  from  the  other. 

Neptuno.     He  was  very  ditficult  of  access,  395.  Turpes :  in  the  sense 

and  whcn  consulted,  he  frcquently  cluded  399.  Flectes:  in  the  sense 

tho  answers  by  transforming  himself  into  400.  Tende:  apply  rig^id  f< 

various  shapos,  and  so  making  his  escape.  to  him,  when  seiaed.     Doli: 

Hoiiier  makes  him  an  Egyptian,  and  Hero-  gems. 

dotus,  a  king  of  Egypt.     Sir  Isaac  Newton,  406.  Ora:  in  the  scnse  o 

£nding  hira  cotemporary  with  Amenophis,  dent.    IUudeni  is  the  commoi 

or  Memnon>  conjectures  he  was  only  a  vice-  rius  found  in  the  Roman  mai 

roy  to  that  prince,  and  govemcd  some  part  in  the  Lombard,  Medicean,  i 

of  Lower  Egypt  in  his  absence.  ancient  manuscripts,  eluden 

Proteus  is  representcd  as  drawn  in  a  car  readlng  of  Heyne. 

by  marine  horses ;   that  is,  their  fore  part  408.  Draco :  a  serpent,  or 

reeemblins:  the   horse,  their  hinder  a  fish.  410.    Excidet:    will  ovcaj 

They  would  consequently  have  only  two  dissolved  into  water,  &c. 

and   thoM   before.      Hence  bipedum  412.  Contende :  inthesen 

414.  Tegeret:  in  the 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  IV.  U\ 

Rkc  ail:  et  liquidum  ainbrosisu  ditFudit  odorein^     416 

Qoo  totujii  uati  coqius  perduxit ;  at  illi 

Mcis  cumpositi:^  spiravit  crinibus  aura, 

Atque  liabilis  mcmbris  venit  vigor.     Est  s|)ecus  ingens 

Eied  latere  in  niontis ;  qud  piurima  vento  419.  Qud  pluiima  an 

C(^tur,  inque  sinus  scindit  sese  unda  reductos  ;         420  da  cogitur. 

Deprerkds  olim  statio  tutissima  nautis. 

btttt  se  vasti  Pn>teus  tegit  objice  saxi. 

Hic  juvencm  in  latebris  aversum  a  lumine  Nympha  423.  Nympha  Cyrme 

Collocat :   ipsa  procul  nebulis  obscura  resistit.  collocal  juvenem  Arw 

Jun  rapidus  torrens  sitientes  Sirius  Indos  425 

Ardebat  cu^lo,  et  medium  Sol  igneus  orbem 

Htuseret :  arebant  herbae,  et  cava  fluniina  siccis  427.   Et   radii    Soh$ 

Fiocibus  ad  limum  radii  tepefecta  coqucbant :  coquebani  cava  flumina 

p'     D    •  ^         4.         -  a     ^'Z  s.  tcpefacta  faucibua  nocii 

Ittm  Froteus  consueta  petens  e  fluctibus  antra  .«i,,^  .j 

•nt :  eura  vastj  circum  geiis  humida  ponti  430 

Gxultans^  rorein  late  dispergit  amarum. 

ternunt  se  sonmo  diverss  in  litore  phocce. 

IpK  (velut  stabuli  custos  in  montibus  oliin, 

Vesper  ubi  e  pastu  vitulos  ad  tecta  reducit, 

Aoditisque  liipos  acuunt  balatibus  agni)  435 

Conswiit  scopuio  medius,  numemmquo  recenset. 

Cqus  Aristieo  quoniam  est  obiata  facultas :  437.  Quoniam  fkeul- 

Tix  defessa  senem  passus  componere  menibra,  *•■  eaj4mdi  cujue  oblaU 

Oum  cl.«,ore  ruit  mag..o,  nianicisque  jacentem  "^sTCiil^L,  cmn 

v^upat.     ille  suas  contra  non  immemor  artis,  440 

Omflia  transformat  sese  in  miracuia  rerum, 

Ij^nemque,  horribilemque  feram,  fluviumque  liquentem. 

NOTES. 

■BM  tmeeyto :    at  the  beginning  of  hia  droughta :  hence  the  propriety  of  ihe  epi 

iiii^  thet  tUientet. 

415.  Ambrosite.  Ambrosia  was  the  food  426.  I^neut  Sol :  tlie  ficry  sun  had  com- 
^HtB  godn^  aiid  neetar  their  drinlc.  But  pleted  (drawn  out)  half  his  courae.  Thia 
^tvo  arc  ofieii  confounded,  as  herc,  liqui'  is  a  circumlocution  to  dcnote  tlic  middle  of 
^i^  ie  said  of  anibrosia,  Ltquidum  odO'  the  day.  Hauterat :  in  tho  sense  of  eu^ 
W:  &  pure  fragruncy,  or  perfume.  eurrerat, 

416.  Perduxit:  in  the  sense  or  peninxii,  428,  Coquebani:  in  the  scnse  ofnrcodAn/. 
teni  found  ptrfudit  in  the  Roman  MS.  Faucibut :  in  thc  scnse  of  alveit, 

^n.jiura:    in  Uie  sense  o£  odor,     Illi :  431.  Amarum:  the   bitter   spray.     Ths 

^  dtt.  in  the  scnse  of  illitu,     This  use  of  sea-water  is  bitter  as  well  as  salt. 

tW  ^t  case  is  frequent  with  Virgil.     Com^  432.    Diverta:    dispersed,    or   scatterod 

^u;  in  the  seiise  of  unetit,  along^  the  shore. 

419.  Exeti:  in  the  sense  of  exeavati.  433.  Stabuii :  in  the  sense  of  armenO,  by 

421.  Olim:    in   the  sense  of   aliquando,  meton. 

^^tprtntit :  canght,  or  overtaken  in  a  storm.  436.  Audiiit,     Some  read  audiii,  to  af^ree 

48.  Arerttan:  in  the  sense  of  remotttm,  with  afrni:  but  the  sense  ioads  to  audiiit: 

434.  Resittii :   in  the  sense  of  remantt,  the  blcatingr  of  the  lambs  beinf^  heard.     Mr. 

OfcaaiB :  in  the  scnse  of  oeeulta,  Davidson  observes,  that  auditit  is  found  io 

48S.  Sirius  :  a  stiir  of  tiie  first  magnitude  the  Koman,  Medicean,  and  Cambit«i|[e  ma- 

fe  tke  muuth  of  the  do^.     It  risos  about  the  nuscripts.     Heyne  reads  aiM/t/u. 

^  tbe  sun  enters   the   sign  Leo,  which  437.  Faeuitat:  an  opportunity  waa  pra- 

ti^  pUce    in  the     latter     part  of    July,  sentcd. 

(■Hing  what  we   call  the  dog-days.     Tor-  439.  Manieit:   in  the  senso  of  9111011^ 

^:  pres.  part.  in  tlie  sense  of  comburent,  Somo  manuscripts  read  vineuiiB, 

Mt.    This  word  is  here  used  for  the  in-  441.  Miraeula:  in  the  sense  of  prod^jfM, 

■hJUnu    of   anj    warm    climate.      Sueh  wonderful  sliapes,  says  Valpy. 

an  nibject  to  long  and  ezcessive  442.  Liqueniem  :  in  the  Mnm  of/uoila». 


152  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Verilm  ubi  nulla  fugam  rcperit  fallaciaf  victiu 
In  sese  redit,  atque  hominis  tandcm  ore  locuti 
Nam  quis  te,  juvenum  confidentissime,  nostrafl 

446.  At  ille  AristauM  Jussit  adire  domos  ?  quidve  hinc  petis  ?  inquit. 
fnupondU  :0  Proteu,  Bcis,  gcis,  Proteu,  scis  ipse  :  neque  est  te  fallere  cu 

44?  Velle /a/lere  me     ^^  ^"  desine  velle.     DeAm  prajcepta  secuti 

Venimus  huc,  lapsis  qucesitum  oracula  rebus. 

450.  EffatuB  ett  hoe  Tantum  effatus.  Ad  hoec  vates  vi  denique  m 
•^****™  Ardentes  oculos  intorsit  lumine  glauco : 

Et,  graviter  frendens,'  sic  fatis  ora  resolvit : 
Non  te  nullius  exercent  numinis  iree ; 
Magna  luis  commissa :  tibi  hus  miserabilia  Oi 
Haudquaquam  ob  meritum  poenas  (ni  fata  rea 
Suscitat,  et  rapt^  graviter  pro  conjuge  sKvit. 
457.  Illa   puella   qui-  i||a  quideni,  dum  te  fugeret  per  fiMmina  pr8ec< 
dem  moritura,  dum  pr».  i,„jnunem  ante  pedes  hydruni,  moritura  puell; 
eepa  per  flamma  fugeret  ^  ^  •  u^  jI  •     u     ua 

te,  non  vidit,  ante  peden  Servantem  ripas  altii  non  vidit  m  herb^ 

in  alta  herba,  immaiiem  At  chorus  ffiqualis  Dryudum  clamore  suprenK 

Implerunt  moiites:  flfirunt  RliodopeioB  arces, 
464.  Ip»e  OrphcuB  8o.  Altaque  Punga?a,  et  Rhcsi  Muvortia  tellus, 
Uns  Bgruin  amornm  ca-  Atque  Getaj,  atque  Hebrus,  atque  Actias  Oril 
▼a  tesuidine,  cunehat  te»  jpj^^,^  cav^  solans  ^'''rum  testudinc  amorem, 
O  dulcni  conjux;  caneo/if  rp       j    i   •  «         i     *     i-^ 

4^     '..     -1     1 .  -«  .  I<^>  duJcis  conjux,  to  solo  m  Iitore  secum, 
te  aecuin  miiuio  liiore :  ^-,  '        .  ..  i        j  i 

eanebat  te,  die  veniente ;  ^  «  venieute  dio,  te  decedente  canebat. 
€aaebat  te,  die  decedeuto,  Tu3narius  ctiam  fauces,  alta  ostia  DitLs, 

NOTES. 

443.  Fugam  :  epcape.     Fallaeia :  wiles —  passage.     It   would   be    a    uai 

trickn — Htrat:i}rcm8.  enumerate  the  various  opinion 

447.  Ne({ne  eat  cuique :   nor  is  it  in  the  tatore   upon    it.      Dr.  Trapp 
power  of  uiiy  oiio  to  deceivo  yi>u.  parenthesis,   ni  fata  resistant, 

449.     Qutexiturn :  to  scek  divine  counscl  difficult    passage    in    Virgil*s 

in  niy   rutiiod    state — my    adverse    circum-  niake  any  sense  of  it,  we  mi 

■tancus.     A  Hupirip  in  i/m,  put  aHer  e^nir/iuA.  words  :  and  would  prociire  gi 

451.  Ardentes :  in  the  sense  of  coru«can.  mcnt.  06;  equal — proportion 
iee.  It  is  tu  bc  connected  with  lumine  Orpheus  was  thc  son  of  ( 
glaueo.  of  Thracc,  and  CaIlio|>e,  one  c 

45i2.  Sieresolvit.     The  poet  now  proceeda  He  was  distinguishcd  for  his  i 

to  the  answcr  of  Proteus,  in  which  he  tells  and  poetry.     He  waa  one  of  tl 

Aristieus  that  the  cause  of  his  disaster  waa  It  is  said  there  are  some  hym 

the  injury  oifcred  to  Eurydice,  the  wife  of  tant ;  but  there   is  reason    to 

Orpheus.      The  whole  story  b  told  in    so  are  spurious.     See  Ecl.  iii.  46. 
beautiful  a  maiiner,   that  it  does  not  seem        456.    Stevit :   and   grievoa 

unworthy  of  the  mouth  of  a  god.  for. 

453.  ffon  nuU^^is  numini».  Davidson  ren.  461.  Areee :  the  Rhodopea: 
dera  this:  of  no  mean  deity.     But  the  or-  Sce  Geor.  iii.  351. 

dinary  eente  and  meaning  of  the  words  are  462.  Fangaa  :  neu.  plu.  sing 

to  be  preferred :   of  some  deity.     The  two  a  mountain  in  Thrace,  in  th 

negatives    expreaa    affirmatively.       Beaides  Macedonia.     Rhesi.     See  JEn 

the  punishment  of  Aristttus  was  procured  463.  Getae.  See  Geor.  iii.  4( 

by  Orpheus  and  the  nymphs,  who  were  in-  'See  Ecl.  vii.  51. 

ferior  deities      Rusbus  and  Heyne  say  aZi-  464.    Teetudine.      Thc   lyr 

cajue  Dei,     Exereent :  in  the  sense  of  per.  testudo^  because  anciently  it 

Mquantur,  tortoise  shell.     It  is  said  that ! 

454.  Commina:  in  tho  sense  of  ecelera.  ing  a  dead   tortoise  on  the   I 
MiterabHie^  &M.    Unhappy  Orpheus  procures  rivcr  Nile,  made  a  lyre  of  it; 
thia  panishment  for  thee,  by  no  means  pro.  called,  parens  curetf  lyra. 
portionate  to  thy  deserta,  (and  would  pro-  467.     Ingrettsus  T<twtrias. 
enra  greater,)   if  the   fates  did  not  oppose.  promontory    of  the    Peloponi 
Thia  appoars  to  be  the  plain  meaniug  of  the  ting  the  Sinus  Messenieus  fn 


GEORGICA.     LIB.  IV. 


163 


intem  nigrl  funnidine  lucum 
i^  Mane3c|ue  adiit,  regemque  trcmendum, 
le  liumanis  precibus  niansuesccre  corda.        470 
:  commotae  £rcb;  de  sedibus  iniis 
bant  tenucs,  simulacraque  luce  carcntdm : 
ulta  in  sylvit»  avium  se  millia  condnnt, 
ibi,  aut  hybernus  agit  de  montibus  imber 
atque  viri,  defunctaque  corpora  vita  476 

mOm  heroum,  pueri,  innuptaeque  puellie, 
,uc  rogis  juvenes  ante  ora  parcntum 
cuin  limus  niger,  et  deforniis  arundo 
aitlaque  palus  inamabilis  unda 
Bt  novies  Styx  interfusa  coercet.  480 

OL*  stupnere  domus,  &U\ue  intima  leti 
caeruIeiMque  hnplexae  crinibus  angues 
\e^ ;  tenuitque  inliians  tria  Cerberus  ora  ; 
:ionii  cantu  rota  constitit  orbis. 
le  (>edem  refcrens,  casus  cvascrat  onmes  ;      486 
[ue  Eur}'dice  su|>eras  vcnicbat  ad  auras. 


471. 

tOUUCf 


Canln    OrphM 


482.  Eumonide«  im- 
plexiB  quoad  cmmXtOB 
an^oa  crinibus 


NOTES. 


',  fabled  to  be  the  entrunce  of  the 
esrioiis.     Here  Orpheus  made  hia 
»  hell  after  his  Eurydice.     Ostia  : 
or  gales  of  Pluto. 

orda  ntsria :  and  hcarts  know- 
ncapable  of )  to  relent  at  human 

mularra :  the  ahades  or  forms  of 
!itang  Ufe.     Lwe :  in  the  senae  of 

trpora :  and  bodies  of  |raI1ant  he- 
ved  of  lifc.  Corpora  is  here  U8ed 
the  airy  vchicle,  or  form,  which 
nt^  anfi^ed  to  departed  spirita. 
e  meaning  here. 

»ry/i.  Gocytoa,  a  riv^r  of  Italy, 
it  magnitudo,  feigned  by  thc  poeta 
ver  oC  hell.  Its  banks  aboundcd 
tnamabdu :  in  thc  scrfsc  of  odiosa  ; 
for  aqi/d, 

rrum  ailigat :  surrounds— confines. 
:  of  the  vorb  are  frcquently  sepa- 
TnicHJm  for  tJie  sake  of  the  vcrse. 

fabulouH  river  of  hell,  around 
e  poets  ftaj,  it  flowed  nine  timos. 
herefore  be  said  to  restrain  the 
id  prevent  thcm  from  rcturning  to 
r  re^ions.  See  Geor.  iii.  551.  /n- 
owing  between  them  and  the  upper 
r  light. 
trtara :  properly  the  lowest  part  of 

pjare  in  which  tho  impious  are 
,  according  to  the  poets.  Intima : 
inw»  of  profundissima.  Letnm^  or 
*eemn  herc  to  be  used  for  the  place, 
s  of  the  dead  in  general. 
ItaunideM,  The  turies  were  three 
*r,  arid  r**prnt:cnted  with  tlieir  liair 
I  with   aerpentk,   to  render   tliem 


more  dreadful.  See  Geor.  i.  978.  Ctrht* 
rus  :  a  huge  dog  with  three  headn,  tbr 
door-keeper  of  Pluto. 

484.  Cantu,  Most  copies  have  vento, 
But  it  is  eztremely  difficult  to  make  any 
sense  of  that.  Davidson  reads  cantu,  i»nd 
infornis  us  that  Pierius  found  cantu  in  se. 
veral  ancient  MSS.  This  mukes  the  sense 
easy,  and  the  passage  iiitelligible. 

Commentators  have  shown  a  good  deal 
of  ingenuity  in  attempting  to  render  this 
passage  intelligiblo  with  veuto.  Runiu» 
says:  Orbisrota  Ixionioi  quievit  Jiante  reutc 
contrario.  Valpy:  that  tlie  wind  rclaxed« 
by  which  tho  wheel  was  carricd  ruund :  or 
it  stood  to  the  wind. 

Heyno  hath  a  long  note  upon  it.  He 
thinks  vento  should  be  taken  in  thc  abl. 
The  wind,  by  which  the  wheel  mos  carried 
rouiid,  subsiding,  the  whcel  ccasicd  to  re- 
volve  :  Veuto^quo  alids  circum  ap[ibatur  rolo, 
wbsidente,  subndere4  motus  rot<e,  Or,  by 
eentue,  niay  be  understood  thc  air  or  wind, 
occasioned  by  tlie  rcvolution  of  the  wlieel : 
or  lastly,  says  he,  rota  orbis  niay  l)C  taken 
■imply  for  the  wheel :  rota  suhstitit  vento  .* 
tlie  iinpulse  of  thc  wiiid  ccasing,  venti  tm. 
pulsu  ceseante,  tho  whcel  stoppcd. 

The  fable  represonts  all  tlio  infemal  re. 
gions  charmed  witli  the  niuyic  of  Orphcus. 
Thti  furics,  the  dcpths  of  TartaruH,  Ccrbe. 
rus  with  his  triple  mouth,  thc  wiiocl  of 
Ixion,  dll  stopped  to  liston  to  it.  Irionii  : 
an  adj.  from  Ixion,  tLgTccinii  willi  orhm.  Ix. 
ion  was  sentenced  to  be  bound  to  a  whorl, 
that  kcpt  pcrpctually  in  nitition.  Hota  <if . 
his  :  thti  rotation,  or  rcvolution  uf  thc  whueJ. 
or  simply  for  rota.     Scc  Gcor.  iii.  3b. 

486.  Veniebat :  was  just  coiniiijg  1o  thA 
uppcr  Tcgions  of  light. 


164  P.  VlRGlLll  MAitONli! 

Pone  sequens ;  namque  hanc  dederat  Prov 
Cum  subita  incautuni  dementia  cepit  amant 
480.  DifnefUia  qiiidem  I^noscenda  quidcm^  scirent  si  ignoscere  Mi 
iftiUMoonda,  ti  Manoi       Kestilit,  Eurydicenquc  suam  jam  luce  sub 

Immemor,  heu !  victusqiie  animi,  reppcxit : 
492.  RuDrji  etint  Effusus  labor ;  atque  immitis  rupta  tyranni 

Fcbdera :  terque  fragor  stagnis  auditus  Avc 
494.  IIU  Eurydiet  in-  Illa,  quis  et  me,  inquit,  misemm,  et  te  per 
qait:   quiB  perdidit  «t  Qujg  tantus  furor?  en  iterum  crudelia  retH 
mc  nnsorani,  ot  to,   O  p.^^^  vocant,  conditque  natantia  lumina  sou 
OrplHM  I  qui8  tantufl  fu-  ,  \        p         -  *•     •  j  * 

ror  M/  hie)  Jamque  vale  :  feror  ingenti  circumdata  no 

49&.  Non  ampliu»  tua  Invalidasque  tibi  tcndcns,  hcu  !  non  tua«  pi 
ron/ux,  Dixit :  ct  fugit  Dixit :  et  ex  oculis  subito,  ceu  fumus  in  ai 
a&vorsa  ©X  oculia  Orphei  Commixtus  tenucs,  fugit  diversa  :  neque  il 

Prensantem  ncquicquam  umbras,  et  multa 
Diccre,  pncterea  vidit :  nec  portitor  Orci 
6^.  ramufl  est  Ot'  ^mpW^  objectam  passus  transire  paludem 

(iuid  faceret  ?  qu6  se,  rapta  bis  conjuge,  ( 

Quo  flctu  Manes,  qua  numina  voce  movep 

M    n    u-u        u       ^^^*  quidem  StVgia  nabat  jam  frigida  cvml 
507.  Porhibcnt  lUuin       g  ^    -^  ^^^^^  perhibent  ex  ordine 

•z  ordina   flovUio   «ub  ^^"P^  sub  aena,  deserU  ad  Strymonis  undf 
Airia  rupo,  ad  Flevisse,  et  gelidis  hcec  evolvisse  sub  antrii 

NOTES. 

487.  Leeem  :  condition.  496.  Condit :  in  tho  seni 

4H8.  Suhilademrntia :   a  sudden   frenzy,  497.    Feror   eireumdata 

which  put  tho  lovcr  ofl* hi»  guard  ;  or  causcd  auay,  cncompassed  by  thi 

him  to  forfret  thc  condition  upon  which  his  stretching^,  &c. 

Eurydico  was  Buflcrod  to  rotum.  500.  Divena :  in  tho  m 

4H9.  Ifinosrrndn  quidem:  pardonable   in-  $am  partem.     It  agrecs  wit 

deod,  if,  &r.     Orphcus  lookcd  back  to  be-  50*2.  Praterea:    in  thc 

hold  hi»  loved  Eurvdico.     This  wa»  thc  fa-  Portitor  Orri:  Charon.     I 

tal  orror^  and  iiot  to  bc  blamed  in  a  lovcr.  bc  tho  von  of  Erebus  and 

Evcn  Kurydice  hersolf  did  not  blamc  him,  busincss  to  fcrry  thc  soul 

for  it  procwded  froin  lovc  to  her.      Ovid  over  the  rivers  Styx  and 

■ajs :  Janufue  itcrum  moriens  non  est  de  con^  place  of  the  dead.     Hcncc 

juge  qnicqiutm  questa  suo:   quid  enim  srse  titor  orri.      Thc  fablc  of 

queretur  amatam  ?    Mancs^  here,  is  put  for  boat    seeins    to    havc  ori| 

tho  infernal  ^ods.  E^yptiauii,  ^-ho  had  a  ci 

490.  Sub  ipsa  tuce:  in  tho  very  rogion  of  their  dcad  across  a  lakc  ' 
light.  sentencc    wos    to   be    pai 

491.  Victus  animi:  not  mastcr  of  his  af-  and  according  to  thcir  gO' 
fcctioiis.   f-ljTusus:  inihcscnaoofperditusfst.  in  life,  tl»ey  wcrc  honorei 

49lJ.    Firdira:   thc   tcnns,  or  conditions.  burial,  or  lcft  unnoticed 

mlvemts :    sinc.    •'trrmus;  plu.    jirerna :   a  Orci:    Orcus  hcre  8i|rnifi< 

lako  of  Canipania,  in  It:ily,  by  tho   poets  the  dead  in  ^cneral — hcll. 

plnced  iii  ihe  iiifernnl  reijions;  also,  by  mc-  50:5.  Objtctam  patudem 

ton.  put  for  tlie  rt»s:ions  tlicmsclves.     Fra-  river — Styx.    Orpheu»  ha« 

4f«r.     Sorvius  lakos  frai^nr  lo  mean  the  joy  ed  thc  Slyx,  aiid  was  v.p 

and  exultalion  of  the  sliades  at   the  retum  pum»  of  lij^ht,   when   Eu 

of  Eiirydiee  ainonir  thein  :  a  shout — a  ccr-  frnni  liiiii,  and  hurricd  ba 

lain  disiiinl  and  lioliow  sound.  Thc  infernal  river,  thcre 

49.S.   Furor  :    forre,   or    viol*»nce.      It    is  hiin  and  ihc  regions  of  tl 

plam  thnt  furor  is  nut  to  bc  taken  herc  in  F^nrydioc  was  carhcd  a  » 

it»  usual  senso.     It  is  probable  that  il  refers  Stypian  boat. 

lo  the  toroe  or  powcr  whioh  prcvenled  hcr  .7(X).    lifa  :   sho — Euryc 

from    tollowin};    hor    husband,   which   sho  crossinp.  &o, 

must  have  felt  previous  lo  her  sei-ond  d<>ath«  S08.  Strj/monis :  gen.  o 

or  roturn  to  tht  sl.adc*.     lliis  is  the  opi-  of  Macedooia,  on  the  bir 

Moo  of  VoMiua  509.  Hae:  thm  miafoi 


GEORGICA.    LIB.  IV. 


1A5 


rntrfn  tigres,  et  agentem  carmine  quercus.         610 

3  populea  moercns  Philomela  sub  umbrl 

tos  queritur  fuitUA,  quos  durus  arator 

lans  nido  implumes,  detraxit :  at  illa 

locfem,  ramoqtie  sedens  miserabile  carmen 

rat,  et  mccstis  late  loca  questibus  iinplel.  615 

Venus,  nullique  animum  flexere  hymena;i. 

Hyi»erborcas  glacies,  Tanaimque  nivalem, 
pie  Riphsris  nunquam  viduata  pruinis 
abat,  raptain  Eurydicen,  atque  irrita  Ditis 

querens:  sprcto  Ciconum  quo  muiiere  matres, 

sacra  Dcdm,  nocturnique  orgia  Bacchi,  621 

rptum  latos  juvenem  sparsere  per  agros. 

(]uoque  marmorea  caput  a  cervice  revulsum, 

ite  cum  medio  portans  GBagrius  Ilcbrus 

tret,  Eurydicen,  vox  ipsa  et  frigida  lingua,  525 

liseram  Eurydicen  !  animi  fugiente,  vocabat : 

iicen  toto  roferebant  flumine  ripsB. 

ic  Proteus  :  et  se  jactu  dedit  asquor  in  altum ; 

ue  dedit,  spumantem  undain  sub  vertice  torsit. 

NOTES. 


514.  Jblet  per  nocloia 
516.  Animum  Orphei 


519.  Raptam  a  n 

520.  Quo  nuptiali  mii- 
iierc  sproto,  matres  Ci- 
conum 

523.  Tum  quoque  cum 
CKagriu8  lichrus  volre- 
ret  eju*  caput  revulsum 
a  marmore&ceryice,por- 
tanH  id  tnodio  gurgite, 
ejfu  vox  ipsa,  ot  frigida 
lingua,  vocabat 


.  m^gentem : .  in  the  sense  of  dttcentem, 
.  Philomela :  the  nightingalo.  See 
i.  78.  This  is  a  most  ezquisite  similo, 
>re  gencraily  admired  than  beautiAilly 
ved.  To  heightcn  the  picturo,  the 
arc  not  only  implumes^  without  fca- 
but  they  are  taken  from  the  aest ;  not 
so,   they   are   drawn   from  it  by  the 

of  a  cruel,  hard-hearted  ploughman. 
iling  it,  an  cmphasis  should  bo  ploced 
danis  and  detraxit,  It  may  be  ob- 
I  lliat  the  poplar  shade  is  vcry  judi- 
f  sclcctud  by  the  poet  to  hcighton  the 

;  because  the  Icaves  of  tlie  poplar 
irembling  with  tiie  ieast  brcath  of  air, 

a  kind  of  melancholy  rustling.  See 
L78. 

:  f^ueritur:  laments  her  lost  young. 
..  Mis^rabiU  carmtn:  moumful  song. 
na/:  in  the  sense  of  renovat, 
.  yenus  :  lovo — person  loved. 
.    Tanaim:  Tanais,  a  largo  rivcr  of 
^.     It  flows  through  thc  ancient  Scy- 
uid  falls  into  the  Palut  Mctutit^  or  sca 
:^ff,fbrming  a  partof  the  boundary  lino 
«o  Europe  and  Asia.    Hodie^  the  Don. 
L    Viduata:    free  from — dcstitute  of. 
eu.     See  Geor.  i.  240. 
L  Dona  irrita,     This  alludes  to  the 
lion,  on  which  Pluto  consented  to  the 
1  of   Eurydice  to  life.      The    event 
d  the  faror  to  be  a  uscless,  and  una- 
g  ooe  to  kiin.     ^utrens:  lamenting — 
ming.     CieanwtL     The  Cicones  were 
plo  of  Thrace  near  mount  Ipmarus, 

the  feastsof  Bacchus  werc  cclebratod. 
mnert  tpreXa,  The  Thracian  women, 
t  fkble  goes,  were  much  in  love  with 
ML*    NoBOt  howeror,    was   able    to 


mako  any  impression  upon  his  mind  except 
Eurydico.  Afler  hor  death,  they  ronewed 
their  suit,  which  was  rejected.  To  this  cir* 
cumstonce  the  words,  quo  munere  tpreto^ 
may  refer:  which  (whoso)  oifer  being  de- 
spised.  They  may,  howevcr,  rcfer  to  his 
total  indifTorence  to  all  female  charms,  nnd 
his  disregard  of  marriago.  In  this  sense, 
Mr.  Davidson  takes  them.  It  is  said,  verse 
516,  supra.:  J^ulla  Vetitu^  et  nulli  Hymenai 
flexere  animum,  See  Ecl.  iii.  46.  Heyne 
rcads  tpretce^  but  the  scnse  determincs  in 
favor  of  tpreto,  This  disregard  and  indif- 
feronco  of  Orpheus  to  the  charms  of  the 
Thracian  women,  so  enraged  them,  that 
during  their  revellings  at  a  feast  of  Bacchus, 
they  set  upon  him,  tore  him  in  picces,  and 
strowed  his  limbs  over  the  Thracian  ficlds. 

521.  JSToctumi.  The  orgies  of  Bacchus 
wcre  usually  celebrated  in  the  night;  hence 
thc  opithet  noctumtu^  applied  to  Bacchus. 

523.  Marmorea :  in  the  scnHc  of  eandida. 

524.  (Eagriut:  an  adj.  from  (Eagrut^  a 
king  of  Thraco,  and  father  of  Orplieus. 
Gurgite:  in  tiie  scnse  ofjluvio^  vel  alveo 
Hebrut,  It  is  the  principal  rivcr  of  Thrace 
With  its  tributary  streams,  it  watcrs  a  con- 
sidcrable  extent  of  country.  It  falls  into 
the  head  of  the  Archipelago.  Into  this 
river  tlie  furious  Bacchanals  cast  the  head 
of  Orpheus,  which,  as  it  floated  down  the 
current,  continued  to  repeat  the  name  of 
Eurydice. 

527.  Referebant:  reprated — ochood. 

528.  Dedit :  in  the  sense  of  immisit. 

529.  Tortii  tpumantem:  he  threw  the 
foaming  water  over  his  head.  Dr.  Trapp 
observes,  that  although  tliis  episode  be  m- 
mirable  in  itself,  it  ia  obvioua  to  obwn^  x2biX 


156  P.  VlRGfLll  MARONIS 

o30.  At  Cyrene  non      At  non  Cyrene :  namque  ultrd  afiata  tm 
dtdii  $e  in  aUum  mare.  ^ate,  licet  tristes  aniino  deponere  curas. 
namque  aflala  «/  tiraen-  ^  •     ^^^^^-^  ^^^^^  .    ,,jn^,  miserabile  ! 

632.    Ha?c  ett  omnii  Cum  quibus  illa  choros  lucis  agitabat  m  all 
«auMk  morbi  api^  #utt    Cxitium  misere  apibus.     Tu  munera  suppl 

Tende,  petens  pacem,  et  faciles  venerare  I 

Namque  dabunt  veniam  votis,  irasque  remi 

Sed,  modus  orandi  (|ui  sit,  prius  ordine  dic 

638.    Primwn  dolige  Quatuor  eximios  pra^stanti  corpore  tauros, 

quaiuor  Qui  tibi  nunc  viridis  depascunt  summa  Ly< 

640.  Earum   cervice  Delige,  et  intacta  totidem  cervice  juvencaa 
inUct&;ti^o  Quatuor  his  aras  alta  ad  delubra  Dearum 

641.  Hib  viclimi»  con-  Constitue,  et  sacrum  juguhs  demitte  cruoi 

Corporaque  ipsa  boum  frondoso  desere  lu 
Post,  ubi  nona  suos  aurora  ostenderit  ortu 
546.  Tan^uam  bferiaa  Inferias  Orphei,  lethaea  papavera  mittes, 
^^^  Placatam  Eurydicen  vitula  venerabere  caa 

£t  nigram  mactabis  ovem,  lucumque  revis 
648.  Est  haud  mora  *  Haud  mora :  continud  matris  prsecepta 
•*'*  Ad  delubra  venit,  monstratas  excitat  aras, 

Quatuor  eximios  pnEStanti  corpore  tauros 

Ducit,  et  intacta  totidem  cervice  juvencas. 

664.    H)c  vero  aRpi-  Post,  ubi  nona  suos  aurora  induxerat  ortu 

c«iint   monsiruin    subi-  Inferias  Orphei  mitlit,  lucumque  revisit. 

tnm,  ac  mirabile  diciu,  Hj^.  ^^^  subitum,  ac  dictu  mirabile  monsl 

Kterr'  '^  "'  Aspiciunt ;  liquefacta  boum  per  viscera  U 

667.1mmen«asquonu-  Stridere  apes  utero,  et  ruptis  effervere  c« 

bes  earum  Immensas(}ue  trahi  nubes ;  jamque  arborc 

NOTES. 

it  is  introduced  a  little  inartificially.     For  Lycau»,     This  wan  a  mou 

it  18  not  to  bo  Hupposed  Ihat  Protcus,  having  whero  it  is  said,  Aristfeus  s 

been  made  a  priRoner,  and  speakin^  by  con-  Eximiot :  in  the  sensc  of  ' 

straint,  would  tell  this  long  story  to  enter-  541.  Dearum:  theNynif 

tain  AristfL*U8,  who  had  thus  offered  violcncc  542.  Demitte :  let   out 

to  him.     It  would  have  been   enough   tbr  froni  their  throats. 

him,  to  inform  Aristfeus  that  his  miHfortuncs  543.  Desere:  in  the  sen 

were  occuiiiuned  by  the  death  of  Eurydice,  545.  Mittes:  youshallo 

without  relating'  all  the  circumstances  con-  pies^  as  a  sacrihce  to  Or] 

noquent  upon  it.     But  it  may  be  said,  this  peasc   the   Manes  of   Or 

relatiun  is  niure  to  tiie  point  than  is  usuuUy  properly  wcre  ofierin^,  c 

imagincd.    Thene  circumstanccs  ^eatly  ag-  guds    below    for   the  dea< 

gravate  the  guilt  of  AristiBus,  and  so  it  was  The  poppy  was  unually  o 

propcr  enough,  if  not  necessary,  to  rclate  on  such  occasions,  becausi 

tlicm.     llowevcr  the  case  may  be,  I  would  causc  slccp,  or  forgetfuln 

not,  says  he,  lose  this  episode  to  be  the  au>  lively  emblcm  of  death. 

thor  ot  all  the  best  criticisms  that  were  evcr  froni  Lethum :  of  Greek  c 

written  upon  it.     Subvertice:  in  the  sense  549.  Excitai'  in  the  t 

of  tuper  verticem.  Mouttratat:  in  the  sense 

532. ///yi<r :  hcnce,  for  the  cause  or  reasons,  550.  PraslarUi:  in  the 

which  Prutcus  had  just  mentioned.  The  prep.  ^  is  understood 

533.  lila:    Eurydice.     Agitabut:    in  thc  553.  Mittit :  in  the  seni 

•enHe  of  diuehat.  554.  Monstrum :  in  the  ■ 

535.  Tnuie:  in  the  scnse  of  q/ffr.    KapeB'  555.  Liquefacta  :  in  th 

mt:  Nyniphs  of  tho  groves,  fro»n  a  Gre^k  facta. 

word,  Ki^iirtying  a  grove.     Faeilet :  easy  to  556.  Stiidere :  tohumc 

Oe  ap|Mjasod.  in  the  sense  of  erumperem 

if39.  iiumstui  viridit :  ihe  tope  of  verdant  657.  Trahi :  to  be  booi 


i 


GF.ORGICA.    LIB.  IV.  lllt 

?re.  et  lcnlis  tivnm  dcmittere  ramis. 

;  »i]|>er  ar\'onim  cultu  poconimque  canebnm, 

er  arbonbus  :  CrDsar  dum  mngnus  ad  altum     560 

lat  Euphratem  bello,  victorque  volentes 

»|Hi|oe  iat  jura,  viamque  atTectat  Olympo, 

irgilium  nie  tcmiwe  dulcis  alebnt  ^^-  Illo  tompoTe  dal- 

Mioi»e,  studiis  florentem  ignobilis  ott :  ^  Parthenope  alebata 

nn  qui  lusi  pastonim :  audaxque  juvent^ 

:,  te  patulsc  cecini  sub  tegmine  fagi. 

NOTES. 

Cm^turt:    to  coUect  to|^thcr — to  evor  dcniolishcd    it    aflcrward,  bccttuna   it 

Dtmitlere :  to  han|r  from  the  flcx-  provcd  an  mjury  to  Cumct^  which  ihuy  built 

^hs.  like  a  bunch  of  grapes.     Depen-  in  the  neighborhood.    They  re-built  it  atthe 

moHum  ura^  says  Kuteus.  coiniiiand  ofan  oraclo,  aiid  call«*d  it  JWauo- 

AfftchU  viam:  he  prepares  hi»  way  lU^  or  tho  New  City.     Sludiis:  flouriifhmg 

ven.     By  the  «plcndor  of  his  action»,  in  the  Btudics  of  inglorioua  eaHC.     Otium^ 

s  the  foundation  for  divinc  honors.  very  properly  dcnotcfi  the  peacoful,  and  ro- 

he  aflerward  receivcd  by  a  decrce  of  tircd  life  of  a  philosopher:  which  the  pot  I 

natft.     From  this  pasHafre,  it  ia  infer-  modcHtly  calls  irtglorious,  (tgnobilis)  in  com* 

at  Virgil  continuud  the  carc  of  tlie  parison  of  a  public  life.     Every  othor  occu- 

ics  as  iong  as  ho  livcd ;  for  tho  tiine  pation  besides  war  and  public  afTaira,  re- 

entioned  waa  only  the  ycar  beforc  his  ceived  froni  thc  Romans,  the  name  of  0/t- 

At  that  tiine,  in  the  year  of  Roine  um,      Or,  ignobilit  may  here  mean  private, 

ufriistus  was  at  the  head  of  the  Ro-  retircd,  without  noise  and  show.     Thia  ia 

rniy  on  the  banks  of  the  Euphrates,  the  scnse  in  which  Dr.  Trapp  undemtands 

rved  PAro/r/e<,  king  of  the  Parthians,  it.     Ruoius  8ay8,|7rit*a/to/it.     0/iiimiBpro« 

ore  the  Eagles,  which  tliey  had  taken  perly  opposed  to  iabory  in  signilicAtioii.  OH  : 

'roMUs,  the  Ruiiiaa  consul,  in  a  for-  by  apocope  for  o/tt. 

ar.     The  neighboring  nations,   and  565.  Lusi :  in  the  sense  of  cectm.    Jiu- 

hc  Indians,  awed  by  the  splcndor  of  dax:  in  the  sense  of  coT^mi.     Virgil  was 

ions,  madc  a  voluntary  submission  to  about  twenty-nineyears  of  age  when  he  be- 

gan  his  £cIoguei<,  and  finished  them  when 

Parlhenope:    the   city  Naples.      It  he  was  about  thirty-thrcc.     Mr.  Wharton 

lundcd  by  the  Chahid&nsfs^  and   by  imagines  theso  four  last  lincs  are  spuhoui. 

Ailod  Parlhtnope^  from  the  circum-  Hu   thinks    the  book    naturally  concludea 

of  their  Hnding  the  tonib  of  onc  of  with  the  words:    Ktam^u^  ajffeetat  Olympo. 

renes^  of  that  namc  ;    who,  bccause  For,  sayn  he,  nothingcanbeamore  complete 

s  unable  to  allure  Ulysscs  on  shure  and  Fubliinc  conclusion,  than  this  compli- 

er  music,  killed  herself.     They  huw  ment  to  Augustus. 

QUESTIONS. 

(t  i>  the  subject  of  thi<  book  ^  Whcnce   did   they  receive,   according  to 

r  does  the  poet  call  honey  atrial  ?  the  pocts,  this  eztraordinary  sagacity  ^ 

it  places  are  proper  for  placing  the        what  was  this  in  consideraUon  of  .> 

Lt  direclion  is  giyen  for  recalling  the  "^^  "  ^^^"  ^^**^*  interpreted  > 

B,  when  flvin^  away  ?  Why  was  the  goat  transfcrred  to  heaTe0« 

S«  practiscd^by  bee^masten  at  the  and  made  a  constellation .> 

t  day  ?  To  whom  were  his  homs  given  .' 

Lt  is  the  eharacter  of  the  poet^s  do-  What  property  was  added  to  thoee  i 

on  of  a  battle  between  two  discordant  Wad  the  opinion  of  the  ancients  connern- 

s.'  ing  the  production  of  the  bee.  incorrect? 

poet  repreeents  the  leaders  undcr  the  Is  that  opinion  now  ezplodud  ? 

ition  of  king^:  la  that  atrictly  cor-  How  many  kinds  of  boes  are  there  in  tlie 

hive  i 

vhick  of  the  eezes  do  they  belong .'  Of  what  sez  are  the  Drones  f 

'  many  diflTerent  worda  does  the  poet  There  is  only  one  female  bee  in  the  hm^ 

r  the  hiTe .'  and  what  is  she  called  ? 

lat  are  tbey  ?  What  is  her  employmont.' 

e  Vtifil  remarkable  for  thii  diTersity  Of  what  aez  are  tlio  laboring  beee? 

F^  •  la  the  bee-hive  a  piece  of  ex^voiiitA  ^KlA(i> 

fte  bee  a  Teiy  eegmeioiu  anime]  ?  manahip  ? 


158 


P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 


What  doo8  the  poet  emphaljcally  call  the 
liivQvT 

Where  waa  Ihe  city  Canopus  Bituated  7 
Hy  whoin  was  it  built  7 
Why  i«  it  callcd  Pallaian  ? 
Why   docB  the  poet  rj»ll  the  E^yptians, 
€tm8  fortunata? 

Whero  doca  tlie  Ni?e  take  its  rise  ? 
What  ifi  thc  cun^e  of  ite  nrerflowing  7 
What  coursc  doe6  it  run  7 

^j  how  many  moutha  does  it  empty  ? 

\Vhat  docK  it  form  towards  ita  mouth  ? 

Eiow  is  thc  wator  of  the  Nile  conducted 
to  the  diiFercnt  parts  of  Egypt  ? 

How  high  must  it  rise  for  that  purpose  ? 

If  it  fall  short  of  that,  what  is  expectcd  ? 

What  did  the  Romanii  call  any  people 
living  in  a  hot  climate  ? 

In  what  soMse  may  the  Nile  be  said  Xo 
haTo  prcsscd  upon  the  borders  of  Persia? 

Who  was  AristiBus  ? 

What  is  the  charocter  of  thia  epieode  re- 
specting  him  ? 

la  tho  production  of  the  bee,  aa  here  re- 
lated,  fabulouB? 

Who  was  Proteus? 

What  property  did  he  posten  in  an  emi- 
oent  dogiee  ? 

Wliere  ia  he  said  to  have  had  hia  place  of 
reeidcnce  ? 

Whom  does  Herodotot  make  him  ? 

Whom  doae  Sir  laaae  Newton  eooaider 
him? 


With  whom.  waa  he  contei 
How  is  Protcus  represente 

How  many  opinions   wer 
tlie  ancients  of  the  origin  of 

What  were  they  7 

Oy  what  distinguished  ph 
tlieHc  diiferent  opinions  inuir 

Which  opinion  does  Virgl 
What  was  thit  grand  resc 
tacle  callcd  ? 

Why  wero  the    epithote 
Comutut  sometimes  given  t 

What  it  said  of  the  river 

Whence  aroto  the  fable 
eopia? 

Who  waa  Orpheut  ? 

What  is  taid  of  the  mutic 

What  efTect  had  it  upon 
low  ? 

What  efiect  had  it  upon  I 

Why  did  he  detcend  to 
Pluto  ? 

What  wat  the  istuo  of  it 

What  wat  the  probable  or 
of  Charon  and  his  boat  ? 

What  doet  Dr.Trapp  obw 
thit  epitode  of  Arittasut  ? 

It  there  reaton  to  believe 
tinued  to  revite  hit  Georgio 
Uved? 

What  ia  that  reaK>D  ? 


INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  JBNEID. 


B  iEneid  is  a  heroic,  or  epic  poem.  It  takes  its  name  from  iEneaa,  the 
r  Anchises  and  Venus.  By  his  fatherjie  was  allied  to  the  royal  family  oi' 
Ile  was  also  the  son-in-law  of  Priara ;  whose  daughter,  Creusa,  he  had 
ed.  ^Eneas  is  the  hero  of  the  poem.  Its  subject  is  his  rcmoval  into 
with  a  colony  of  Trojans,  and  their  setllement  in  that  country. 
^il  was  forty  years  of  age  when  he  commenced  the  iEneid.  Ile  had  just 
sd  the  Georgics:  and  Augustus,  now  thirty-three  years  old,  had  undis* 
J  possession  of  the  Roman  empire.  And  nothing  appeared  to  interrupt 
niversal  repose,  so  desirable  afler  tlie  long  civil  wars  that  had  desolated 
irest  nortions  of  it.  It  was  at  this  moment,  when  the  mmds  of  the  Roman 
e  were  turned  from  the  desolating  scenes  of  war  to  the  niilder  arts  of 
\  that  the  poet  conceived  the  plan  of  writing  tlie  iEneid,  a  poem  second 
to  thc  Iliad,  for  the  entertaimnent  and  instruction  of  his  countrymen. 
i  are  s(»me,  who  think  the  principal  object  of  the  poet  was  to  flatter  tlie 
arid  vanity  of  the  Roman  people.,  and  especially  Au^ustus«  who  was  ncw 
I  to  the  hi^hest  temporal  power. 

is  [>art  of  his  works  is  by  far  the  noblest,  though  not  thc  most  perfect  and 
ed.  It  was  his  intention  to  have  revised  it  before  he  publishcd  it  to  the 
;  but  he  died  leaving  it  incomplete,  as  appears  by  sevcral  impcrfect  lines 
in  different  parts  of  it.  Hc  bequeathed  the  whole  to  Augustus,  who  put 
lanuscript  into  the  hands  of  Tucca  and  Varus  for  publicatiun,  with  an 
:tic»n  not  to  alter,  in  any  way,  the  manuscript,  nor  to  fill  up  tiie  imperfect 

the  first  six  book&,  Virgil  imitates  the  Odyssey  of  Homer  ;  in  tlie  last  six, 
iows  the  Iliad ;  and  it  is  probable  that  we  should  not  have  had  the  iEneid, 
had  not,  at  the  same  time,  the  Odyssey  and  the  Iliad  also.  Homer  may 
»xisidered  the  master.,  Virgil  tiie  pupil ;  but  it  must,  at  thc  same  time,  be 
•wledired,  that  the  Roman  excelled  the  Grecian  in  many  instances,  par^ 
rly  in  propriety  and  judgment. 

ris,  the  son  of  Priam,  an  accomplished  prince,  visited  the  court  of  Mene- 
by  wiioin  he  was  received  with  the  greatest  cordiality.  Herc  he  l)ecame 
tured  with  the  beautiful  Helen,  tlie  wife  of  his  host,  and  conceived  the 
»ur[»c>se  of  taking  her  with  him  to  Troy.  Taking  advantage  of  the  absence 
r  husliand,  he  put  his  pian  into  execution.  This  atrocious  decd  excited 
leral  indignation  through  the  states  of  Greece;  and,  afier  sending  an 
?sy  to  Troy  upon  the  snbject,  to  no  purposc,  it  was  determined,  as  the 
efMirt,  to  declare  war  against  Priam,  and  witii  tlie  united  forces  of  the 
mn  priuces,  to  avenge  the  perfidious  act. 

jer  a  Mege  of  ten  years,  the  city  vvas  taken  by  stratagem,  and  rased  to  the 
mJ.     iEn^aSf  in  the  fatal  night,  afler  performing  prodigies  of  ^«lVv)!^  t^VKi^ 


IGG 


INTRODUCTION  TO  TIIE  iENEID. 


aome  distance  from  the  city,  beuring  his  agcd  futher  upon  his  sho 
leading  his  llttic  son  by  the  hand.     He  was  followed  by  grejt  nurr 
eountrvinen,  who  hud  escu[>ed  the  flames  and  the  sword.     At  A 
Hinull  town  in  the  neighboi:hood  of  Troy,  he  built  him  a  fleet  of  tw 
and  huving  furnished  liimself  with  all  things  ncccssary  for  his  eiitcTp 
in  aearch  of  u  new  S3ttiement.     He  visitcd  Thrace.     Here  lie  fim 
which  he  callcd  JEnos,     He  abandoned  his  undertaking  at  the  dire 
ghost  of  his  friend.     Thence  he  sailed  to  Crete,  the  laiid  of  Teucer^ 
fuundeis  of  the  Trojan  race.     Here  he  attempted  a  settlement,  bul  t 
unheulthiness  of  tiie  ciimate,  was  compelled  to  relinquish  it,  afler  lofl 
numbur  of  \\\s  (;om[)anions.     In  the  midst  of  his  distress,  he  is  iai 
vision,  tliat  [t:ily,  tiie  birth  place  of  Dardunus,  was  the  land  dcstino 
tiie  go  !s.      rpoii  this  information  he  lefl  Crete;  and,  after  various 
sea  m\d  iand,  lio  arrived  in  Ituly  in  atx)ut  seven  years  after  his  dep 
hisnative  iaiid.     He  was  lcindly  received  by  Latinus,  king  of  Laiim 
posed  to  bcstow  upon  him  his  daughter  Lavinia,  the  heiress  of  h 
rurnus,  king  of  tlic  Rutvlij  a  brave  and  vaiiant  prince,  had  iongsc 
marriage.     ilc  op|K)sed  her  connexion  with  iEneas.     This  occasion 
war,  in  wliich  mosl  of  tiie  Italian  princes  were  engaged,  on  one 
other.     It  ended  in  tlie  deuth  of  Turnus,  whicii  closes  the  iEneid. 

iGneus  uflerwards  mnrried  Lavinia,  and  succeeded  Latinus  in  Yi 
He  built  a  city,  whicii  he  caiied  Laviniumj  in  honor  of  his  wife.  T 
the  seat  of  his  government.  He  was  succeeded  by  Ascanius,  or 
reigned  tliirty  years,  wiien  he  built  Alba  longay  to  which  he  remo 
court.  Here  the  govemment  was  administered  by  a  line  of  Trojai 
three  hundred  years,  tiil  Romuius  arose,  who  founded  the  city  of  R< 
Romuliis,  the  royal  line  was  broken,  and  the  govemment  transferr 
Pom|)iiius,  a  Subiiie. 

Tlie  three  lirst  books  ire  not  arranged  in  the  order  of  time. 
book,  wliich  reiates  the  downfall  of  Troy,  and  is  the  basis  of  the  ) 
first  in  time.     The  third,  which  relates  ihe  voyage  of  iEneas, 
departure  from  Sicily  for  Itaiy,  follows.     The  first,  which  relatef 
9ion  of  his  fiect,  and  his  arrival  in  Africa,  with  his  kind  recepti 
Bucceeds  the  tliird.     The  rest  are  all  in  the  order  of  time.     But 
90  far  froni  bcing  a  defect  in  the  poem,  is   an   advantage,  an< 
judgment  of  tiie  poet.     Ile  was  enabied  tiiereby  to  make  his  he 
downfail  of  his  country,  and  the  various  fortunes  of  his  long 
voyage. 

Tae  poet  hath  contrived  to  introduce  into  his  poem  the  outline 
man  history,  and  a  number  ol  interesting  episodes,  which  add  f 
beauty  and  entertainment. 

Fur  furtlier  particulars,  see  the  introduction  to  the  several  booli 

QUESTION8. 


What  Kind  of  poem  is  the  iEneid? 

Who  18  tlie  Iiero  of  it? 

What  is  its  subject? 

Whal  was  ihe  age  of  Virgil,  i^hen  he  be- 
gan  the  iEiicid  f 

^iow  long  was  he  engaged  in  it  f 

Who  was  thnn  at  tlie  head  of  the  Roman 
empire  f 

Wliat  was  the  state  of  that  empire  ? 

What  probably  was  the  principal  object 
of  the  puct  in  writing  the  JEnexdi 


Do  sonie  BUppose  a  dilterei 
In  what  light  may  the  A 
aidered,  in  rogard  to  the  Iliac 
Did  Virgil  live  to  perfect  t 
To  whom  did  he  bequeath 
Unc^er  whose  inspection  wa 
What  gave  rise  to  the  Tro 
How  long  was  the  city  boa 
What  was  the  issue  of  the 
What  did  JRnotM  do  in  thc 
From  what  place  did  he  se 


IWTRODUCTION  TO  THE  iENEID.  lol 


^ 17  ■hiiM  had  he  ?  What  wai  the  eoneequence  ? 

Whai  plaoe  did  he  fint  Tudt?  What  wai  the  ieeue  of  the  war/ 

Whal  eitj  did  he  foimd  there  ?  What  did  he  do  aflerwarda  ? 

To  what  plaoe  did  he  nezt  eail  ?  Did  he  build  a  city  ? 

Wbjr  did  he  ^  to  CroCe?  What  did  he  call  it? 

*^    '  befel  him  there  ?  Who  succeeded  him  in  the  guTernment 


Crete,  to  what  place  did  he  direct        What  city  did  Aecaniue  afterwarde  boild  ? 

How  long  did  it  continue  to  be  the  leal 
elapeed  before  he  arriyed    of  the  govemment  ? 
Italy  ?  Do  the  booke  of  the  £nied  follow  eMh 

Whj  wae  he  directed  to  go  to  Italy  ?  other  in  the  ordcr  of  time  ? 

ov  wae  he  reeeiyed  bj  Latinuey  What  booke  aro  not  placed  in  thia  ordet? 

"^   '  prinoe  oppoeed  hie  connezion  with        Did  thie  afford  the  poel  any  adyaaUgo' 
tho  daughter  of  Latinoa  f 

It 


P.YIRGIIill  ]9IARONI(i 


iENEIS. 


LIBER  PRIMUS. 


Book  ia  eoiMidered  one  of  the  fineit  and  the  mott  perfect  of  the  Aaeid.  Iti  fabjeeti 
Um  eeoae  of  Jiino*i  resentment  being  premited,  it  openi  leyen  yean  after  tlio 
—■hiifkirion  of  iEneea.  He  had  now  arriyed  in  the  Tuecan  loa,  and  wai  in  lught  of 
luJj  ;  when  Jnno,  to  ayenge  herielf  upon  the  Trojans,  repaired  to  JEolus,  and  bj  fair 
pffninieei,  prerailed  upon  him  to  let  looae  his  winds.  They  ruth  forth  in  every  direction, 
mmd  caaee  a  Tiolent  lempest;  which  diBperted  the  Trojan  fleeU  It  sunk  one  thip,  and 
drow  ■ereral  othera  on  the  thore.  Neptune  arauaget  the  tumult  of  the  waves,  aiid 
caBBM  a  calm.  HaTing  leyerelj  rebuked  the  winds  for  invading  hii  doininionji  withouf 
bie  permieeion,  he  aantts  in  getting  off  the  thips. 
4flar  this,  Aneas  directs  his  course  southward,  and  arrives  on  the  coast  of  AfKca.  Vonus 
eooiplains  to  Jupiter  of  the  hardship  of  her  son,  and  prajs  that  on  end  maj  be  put  to 
hie  sufferings.  Whereupon,  he  sends  Mercurj  to  procure  him  a  kind  reception  among 
thm  Carthaginians.  In  the  mean  time,  iEneas  walks  abroad  to  make  some  discoverios 
of  tlie  eountrj,  aocompanied  bj  Achatee.  Venus,  in  the  form  and  attire  of  a  virgin 
liaBtrass,  presents  herself  to  him.  Upon  his  inquirj,  she  informs  him  to  what  countrj 
1m  had  arrived,  what  were  the  inhabitants,  their  manners,  and  customs.  She  also  gives 
him  a  brief  aocount  of  Dido,  and  of  the  settlement  of  the  countrj;  and,  veilod  in  a 
clood«  sbe  eonducts  him  to  the  citj.  Passing  through  the  crowd  unseen,  he  goes  to  the 
tfluple.  Here  he  finds  his  oompanions,  whom  he  ezpected  to  be  losU  Here  he  sees 
Dido,  and  is  struck  with  her  majestj  and  grace.  Bj  a  device  of  Venus,  she  concoives 
■  paeeion  for  him;  which,  in  the  end,  proves  her  ruin. 

poet  hath  introduced  several  interesting  episodos;  particularlj  the  description  of 
Carthnge,  the  repreeentation  of  the  Trojan  battlos,  the  soug  of  lopas,  &c.  The  book 
eoaelades,  teaving  Dido  inquiring  conceming  Priam,  snd  the  Trojan  heroes;  concern- 
iBf  Achilles  and  Diomede ;  conceming^  tho  Trojan  disasters,  the  stratagems  of  the 
GnaibB,  aad  the  Toyage  of  iEneas.    These  form  the  subject  of  the  two  following 


ARMA,  nnuiique  cano,  Trojie  qiii  primuB  ab  oris  !•  Qui  profugns  fhto, 

fkto  profugus,  Lavinaque  venit  P""?"".  ^•"\^    ***    ^* 

multibn  ille  et  terrii  jactatua  et  alto,  ^~J*  "•  ***^"" 


NOTE8. 

1.  Ftnm.*  ff iteni  the  hero  of  the  poem.  to  Phrjgia,  snd  founded  this  citj  m  eon- 

ir^  properlj  aignifiee  a  man,  as  distin-  junction  with  TVucer,  whose  daughter  he 

Irom  a  womaa;  also,  the  male  of  married.    It  was  also  called  Teucria^  fhun 

speriee  or  kind,  ae  djstingnished  from  Teucer. 

finBaie.     TVmc:  Troj,  onoe  a  famous  2.  Profugtu  faio :  driven — impellod  bj 

of  Phrjgia  Minor,  in  the  Lesser  Asia ;  fate.    ^neas  lefl  his  countrj  at  the  direo- 

eailed  from  TVes,  one  of  its  kings.    It  tion  of  the  gods ;  and  under  their  conduct, 

somefiines  ealled  Htum,  iJtet,  or  //ton,  ho  canie  to  Italj,  and  settled  in  Latinm 

//!»•  theson  of  Tros;  Z>anlainttf,  iVom  This   circumstance  the  poet  turas  to  the 

r,thegrand-father  »fTros.  Having  honor  of  ^neos  and  the  Ronians,  whom  he 

hie  bffntjEer  Janus,  he  fled  from  Italj  makes  to  descend  from  him.     Laonina:  va 


104  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

5.  Et  paMui  eti  mul-  Vi  Superdm,  saevns  memorcm  Jnnonid  ob  i 
ta  quoque  Multa  quoque  et  bello  passus,  dum  conderet 

Infcrretque  Deos  Latio  :  genus  unde  Latinu 

Albaniciue  patres,  utque  altte  moenia  Rom». 

H.  O  Musa,  jiieniora      Musa,  mihi  causBS  memora :  quo  numine 

raihi  cautias  earwn  re-  Quidvc  dolens  rcgina  DeOm  tot  volvere  caan 

'■""*  _    ..     ,     Insignem  pietate  virum,  tot  adire  labores, 

n.  *L?rr  T„'i.w«l'  Impulerit.     Tantaene  animis  coelestibus  ine ) 

DJ     toiiuere,     Cyartnaffo       i.  ,  /•  •     m     ••  i      • 

nomifu,  contra  Italiam,      Urbs  anliqua  fuil,  Tyrn  tenuere  coloni, 

'i'ibcrinaque  ostia  loug^  Carthago,  Italiam  contra,  Tiberinaque  lonj|[« 

NOTES. 

adj.  trom  Larinium^  a  city  built  by  Aueas;  ceeded  his  father,  lefl  Lavinii 

ao  called  trom  Lavinia^  the  daughter  of  La-  built  Alba  Longa,  mado  it  f 

»inu8,  whom  he  married.     It  was  situated  govcrnmcnt.     This  city  gav 

about  ci^iit  milcs  from   the  shore,  in   lat.  mulus,  who  founded  the  citi 

41"  40'  ii(»rth,  and  long.  13°  10'  east  from  Albana  may  therofore  be  caj] 

London.  of  tho  Romans.    Albani  mi 

4.  Ob  memorem  iram :  on  account  of  the  adj.  or  a  aub. 
laating  rcscntment  of  cruel  Juno.     Juno        8.  Q^uo  munine  lato:  wha 

was  Ino  daughter  of  Satum  and  Opa,  and  jured — what  god  ^Lad  he  ii 

thc  sister  and  wife  of  Jupitcr.     She  waa  in  the  sense  of  eur,    Dolem 

bom,  somc  say  at  Argos,  but  othcm  say  at  ofoffenta.    Rueus  interpreti 
Samos.     She  was  jealous  of  hcr  husband,        9.  yobotre  eatu»  :  to  stru 

and  implacable  in  ail  her  resentiiients.    She  fortunos  as  with  a  load.     Ri 

was  enraged  against  Paris,  Uic  son  of  Priam,  in  the  sonse  of  tw/t-t  eatibut; 

because  he  adjudgcd  the  prize  of  boauty,  more  poctical  to  take  the  ve 

which  was  a  goldcn  apple,  to  Venus,  ratlior  voice.     Volvere  imports  labo 

than  to  licrself.     From  tliat  momcnt,  she  liko  a  person  rolling  a  gre 

became  a  bittcr  encmy  to  the  whole  Trojan  river  bearing  down  before  i 

race,  and  cvcn  to  Veuus  herself.     Not  con-  yohere  eatut  then  represen 

tent  witli  tlie  subversion  of  the  kingdom  iutely  going  forward,  and  ri 

of  Priam,  she  usud  her  endcavor  to  dcstroy  all  difficulties  and  dangers;  1 

tJie  feu',  who   oscaped  tlie  sword  aiid  tlie  would  show  him  overcome 

flamcs.  by  misfortunos.     But  this  i 

Junu  had  sumptuous  temples  dedicatcd  of  the  poot. 
to  hcr  in  various  placcs.     Among  the  chief        10.  Adire.     This  verb  pr 

may  bo  rcckoncu  her  temples  at  Argos,  Sa-  to  brave  dangers — to  look  a 

nios,  aiid  Carthage.     The  hawk,  the  gooso,  face — to  undcrtake   any   tl 

and  thc  pcacock  wcre  sacrcd  to  hcr.     Va-  Laboret^  probably  refcrs  t 

rious  names  were  given  hcr,  chiefly  on  ac-  hardships  which  ^neas  und 

couut  of  hcr  oifices,  and  the  placcs  whcre  arrival  in  Italy ;  while  eati 

she  was  worshipped;    some   of  which  are  tlio  toils,  dangers,  and  mif 

thc  following :   Saturnia,  Olympia,  Samia,  he  passed  through  on  his  Wi 

Argiva,   Laccdaemonia,  Lucma,    Pronuba,  puJerit :  forced,  or  uoomed. 
Sospita,  and  Ophegena.  12.  7)frii:  an  adj.  from  ' 

6.  UiUle  Latinum  genut:  hence  (arose)  Phcsnicia,  on  the  shore  of 
Ihe  Latin  race.  nean.    Hodie^  Sur, 

Ilcro    is   some   difficulty.      Tho    Latins        From  this  city,  a  colony  i 

could  not  spring  from  iEneas;  for  he  found  ca  undcr  Xorus  and  Carchf 

them  in  Italy  on  his  arrival.     Some  refer  at  Utica :  aflcrwards  Did( 

the  word  wule  to  Latium^  taking  the  mean-  her   wealth,  and   a  great 

ing  to  bo :  from  which  country  sprung  the  countrymen,  and  founded,  i 

Latin  race.     Servius  would  explain  it  Uius :  fortified  Carthage.     See  A 

iEneas,  having  overcomo  all  opposition,  and  eoloni :  a  Tyrian  colony. 

being  seated  on  the  throne  of  Latinus,  in-  bited — held. 
■teaj  of  changing  tlie  Latin  name,  as  he         13.  Tiberina:   an   adi. 

might  havo  donc,  in  right  of  his  conqucst,  name  of  a  river  of  Itafv. 

incorporated  his  Trojans  along  witli  his  sub-  Appenines,  and  running  m 

J0ots  under  the  general  nainc  of  Latins,  so  dircction,  falls  into  the  Mc 

ihat  he  might  not  improporly  bo  callcd  tlie  A  few  milcs  above  its  mo 

'^  of  the  Latin  race.  aflerwards  built.     It  is  the 

iique  patret,    Ascanius^  who  suc-  sizc  in  Italy. 


iENEIS.    L(B.  I. 


165 


res  onum,  studiisque  aspemma  belli : 
mo  fertur  terris  magis  umnibus  unara  Ui 

iSt  cotuisse  Samo.     Hic  illius  arma, 
its  fuit :  hoc  regnum  Dea  gentibus  esse, 
ta  flinant,  jam  tum  tenditque  fovetque. 
m  sed  enim  Trojano  a  sanguine  duci 
,  Tyrias  olim  quae  verteret  arces. 
>ulum  late  regem,  belloque  superbum, 
n  excidio  Libyre  :  sic  volvere  Parcas. 
ns,  veterisque  memor  Saturnia  belli, 
lod  ad  Trojam  pro  charis  gesserat  Ai^is. 
etiam  causse  irarum,  snevique  dolores  25 

nt  animo.     Manet  alta  mente  rcpnstum 
I  Pandis,  spretceque  injuria  formie, 
invisum,  et  rapti  Ganymedis  honores. 
nsa  super,  jactatos  equore  toto 

NOTES. 


21 .  ^ndierat  popnlum 
20  roffeni  lat^  et  sup«rbaiD 
beTlo,  vciituruin  tue  hifio 
excidio  LibyoB :  audierai 
Parcas  volvere  Kic.  8a- 
turnia  mctuens  id,  me- 
morque 

i29.  Arcebat  lon^d  & 
Latio  Troas,  relliquiaa 
Danaum,  atque  immitui 
Achillei,  jaetatos  toto 
osquore  :  actique  fatin 
errabant 


t»  opum:  abounding  in  wealth. 
erly  eijrnifies  powcr  acquired  by 
ttperima^  &c.  Dedita  shidiis  belli, 
ne.  Carthage  was  situated  in 
ar  where  Tunis  now  stands.  The 
ians  wcre  a  verr  commercial  poo- 
y  planted  colonies  in  various  parts 
%  and  widcly  eztended  their  con- 
^or  a  long  time,  they  disputod  with 
ns  the  empire  of  the  world.  Thcy 
e,  and  much  devoted  to  the  study 
s  of  war.  See  /En.  iv.  1. 
tm  una^H  Juno:  which  one  city, 
ported  t^  have  loved  more  than  all 
imo  pottK.ibita :  S^mos  being  less 
or  set  by.  Samos  is  an  island  in 
n  i«ea,  ovcr  against  Ephcsus.  Here 
brought  up  and  married  to  Jupiter. 
had  a  most  splendid  temple. 
t  Jnm  tum  ref^.ium:   the   goddess 

both  intcnded  and  cherishcd  (the 
)  jt  would  become  the  ruler  ovcr 
II»— -would  be  the  capital  of  the 
tuKus  interprets  Hoe  regnum  gen- 
Ita  imperat  poputit,  Heyne  takes 
I  in  tne  sense  of  eapul  imperii  ter^ 
Currus.  Juno  had  two  kinds  of 
one  in  which  she  was  wafted 
:he  air  by  peacockp,  the  othcr  for 
rn  by  horscs  of  colestial  breed. 
t  are  licre  mcant. 
m  .*  hereaf\cr. 

vtUtim^  &c.  (She  had  hcard)  that 
)f  eztensive  sway,  and  renownod 
lould  comc  hcnce  to  the  deMtruc- 
Lybia.  Regem  is  plainly  in  the 
Tgentem^  vcl  dominanttm.  Ruirus 
ereidio  Lufria^  by,  per  eladem  Ly^ 
ringr  by  thc  deftlruction  of  Car- 
»  eliicf  rity  of  Africa,  Rome  would 
lowcrful  and   renowned    in   war. 

I  have  given  is  evidcntly  in  tha 
tbe  poet,  and  the  best.  lUnc : 
(Hn  Trojan  blood. 


22.  Parea»  :  tho  fatcs.     See  Ecl.  iv.  47. 

23.  Metuent  id.  In  tho  long  and  bloodj 
war  which  the  Greeks  capricd  oii  atraiiiBt 
Troy,  Juno  took  a  very  active  part,  aiid  ez- 
erted  all  her  power  in  favor  of  tho  Greeks, 
and  shc  feared  she  should  be  again  involved 
in  a  similar  contest  with  the  Trojan  racc,in 
favor  of  her  beloved  Carthage.  The  id  re- 
fers  to  the  whole  preceding  sentcnce.  vlr- 
git.  Argos  was  one  of  the  chief  cities  of 
Greece.  Hero  J:mo  had  a  particular  resi* 
dence :  put,  by  synec.  for  Greece  in  goneral. 

24.  Prima :  an  adj.  agreeing  with  ISatur' 
nia,  It  appears  to  bo  used  here  in  the  sense 
of  prineept^  the  chief  or  principal  in  the 
busincss. 

25.  Doloret:  grief — rcsentment.  Rusua 
BtiyB^  indigntuto.   Sari:  cruel — unrclenting. 

27.  Judxctum  Paridit:  tlie  judgmcnt,  or 
decision  of  Paris.  Sce  versc  4,  supra,  and 
nom.  prop.  undcr  Paris.  Rephttum :  bysyn. 
for  repotitum,  Forma  :  beauty.  Ir^uria  * 
affront. 

28.  Oenut  invitum.  In  addition  to  the 
decision  of  Paris,  Juno  hated  the  Trojane 
on  account  of  Dardanus,  one  of  thc  found- 
ers  of  tlieir  race.  He  was  the  son  of  Ju- 
piter  and  Electra,  the  daughter  of  Atlas. 
AU  hcr  husband^s  iliegitimate  children  wero 
thc  objects  of  her  bittcr  resentiuent.  Ho- 
noret  rapti  Ganymedit :  the  honors  of  (ton- 
fcrrcd  upon)  stolcn  Ganymede.  The  offi*  o 
of  cup-bearer  to  the  gods  was  takcn  froin 
Hcbc,  the  daughtcr  of  Juno,  and  conferrud 
upon  Ganymcde,  a  beautiful  youth,  the  sou 
of  Tro5,  king  of  Troy.  Hc  was  takcn  up 
to  hcaven  by  Jupitor  iii  tho  form  of  an  cagle, 
whcn  he  was  upon  niount  Ida.  This  was 
another  causc  of  her  resentment. 

29.  Acctnta  tnper  hit :  iiiflaincd  ot  these 
thin^s  ;  namcly,  the  amour  of  hcr  huKband 
with  Eloctra,  thc  honors  confcrred  upoQ 
Ganymede,  and  tho  docision  of  Par\«  va 
favor  of  VcQUff      TUe  foM  ^C  vVie.  ^M\.\it» 


166  P.  VIRGILU  MARONJS 

Troas,  relliquias  Danadni  atque  iminitis  AcU 
Arcebat  longc  Latio  :  multosc|ue  per  annofl 
Errabant,  acti  fatis,  maria  omnia  circum. 
S3.   Condere   Roma-  Tantae  molis  erat  Romanam  condere  gentem 
Bam  gontein,  erat  optu      vix  e  conspectu  Sicul»  telluris  in  aitum 

35.  yix^Tntttni  lcti  ^^**  dabant  laeti,  et  spumas  salis  BEjre  ruebftnt 

4abaiit  vela  ^*^m  Juiio,  Kternum  servans  sub  pectore  vul 

37.  Volvebat  haec  ae-  Hoic  secum  :  Mene  incepto  desistere  victaiiii 

«vm :  Me-ne  yictam        Nec  posse  Italia  Teucrorum  avertere  regem ' 

Quippe  vetor  fatis.  Pallasne  exurere  clasaei 
Argivilm,  atque  ipsos  potuit  submergere  ponl 
Unius  ob  noxam,  et  furias  Ajacis  Oilei  ? 

NOTES. 

aestruction  of  hor  favorite  Carthage,  and  the  doei  not  ask  a  question,  it  eil 

recollection  of  her  past  war,  in  which  she  tivoparticle,  orezprosseaeomi 

had  encountered  so  many  difRcultics,  do  not  or  condition  of  an  action. 

appear  the  only  cause  of  her  procodure.  38.  Teucrorvm.    The  Troja 

They  contributod,  no  doubt,  with  the  other  timos  called  TeuerU  fi^m  TVm 

particulars  just  mentioned,  to  increase  the  founders.     See  note  1.  supr 

flame  in  her  breast.  Teuerorum  we  are  to  understi 

30.  Jlehiltei:  gen.  of  Achilles.     He  was  seems  now  to  be  the  purpoi 

the  son  of  Peleus,  king  of  Thossaly,  and  prevent  the  settlement  of  t 

Thetis,  a  geddess  of  the  sea.    Whilehewas  Italy;  and  by  that  means,  < 

an  infant«  his  mother  dipped  him  all  over  in  purposes  of  the  gods  concen^ 

the  river  Styx,  to  render  him  invulnerable,  grandeur  and  power;  to  desli 

except  tlie  heel  by  which  she  held  hiin.    He  ly,  if  it  be  possible,  and  dispc 

was  concealod  among  the  daughters  of  Ly-  the  deep.      To  this  end,  f 

comcdes,  king  of  the  island  of  Seyros^  in  iEolus  to  raise  a  tempest  on 

female  apparel,  that  he  might  not  go  to  the  most  likely  way  to  effect  her 

•ioge  of  Troy.    While  thore,  he  doflowered  40.  jirgivihn  :    for  Argim. 

Deidamia^  one  of  the  princesses,  who  bore  properly  the  citizens  of  A\ 

him  Pyrrhns.     He  was,  however,  discovered  tynec,  put  for  the  Groeks  in 

by  UlysMcs,    and  aflerward  went  to  Troy.  part  of  them.    Here  it  mean 

He  slcw  Hector  in  single  combat,  and  drew  who,  with  Ajax,  their  king,  r 

his  dead   body,  bchind   hiB  chariot,  scven  from   Troy,  were  shipwreck> 

tiuios  around  the  walla  of  Troy,  in  revenge  struck   by    Pallas  with  a  t 

for  his  friond  PatrocluB,  whoni  Hector  had  having  ravished  Cassandra,  i 

■lain  in  battle.     And  he  was  hiniself  slain  Priam,  in  the  temple  of  Palli 

by  Paris,  with  an  arrow,  which  pierced  his  gives  us  a  dificrent  account. 

heel,  while  he  was  in  the  temple  of  Thym-  Ajaz  was  drowned  by  Nepti 

brian  Apolio.     He  is  sometimes  called  Pe-  impiously  boasted  that  he  w 

/i(/et,  from  Peieus  his  father :  also  ^aeide*^  dangers  of  the  sea,  even  agi 

from  his  grand-father  ^acus.     He  is  rcpre-  the  gods. 

■ented  to  have  beon  of  a  cruel  and  vindictive  The  Greektf  are  sometimc 

temper,  but  at  the  sanio  time,  very  brave.  from  Danaut^  one  of  their  k 

33.  Molis:  magnitudo — labor — difHcuIty.  colony  from  Egypt  into  G 

34.  Sicula:  an  adj.  from  Sicilia.  Sicily  his  services  and  talents,  w; 
ii  tlie  largest  island  in  thc  Moditorranean,  estimation  through  all  the  < 
Ving  to  the  south  of  Italy,  and  separated  41.  Ajacis  Oilei,  There  w 
(rom  it  by  the  straits  of  Messina.  at  the  siege  of  Troy,  by  thc 

35.  fSlre  :  with  the  brazen  prow.  The  The  one  hero  meant  was  th* 
beaks  of  tlieir  ships  were  of  brass,  or  over-  king  of  the  Locrians.  He  ' 
laid  with  brass. — Dabant:  sproad.  ships  against  Troy.     The 

36.  Fulnus  atumum:  a  lasting  resent-  son  of  Talomon  king  of  Sa 
mout.  The  same  as  memorem  tram,  verse  iv.  in  the  Sintu  Saronieut^  betv 
mipra,    Seroant :  feeding,  cherishing.  the  Morea,  or  Teloponnesni 

37.  Me-ne  vielam:  shall  I  overcome,  de-  fell  upon  his  own  sword,bee 
«■t  from  my  purpose,  nor  be  able,  &c. — Me  of  Achilles  was  adjudged  t 
wietam :  the  acc.  afYer  the  verb  volvebat,  or  than  to  himself.  Jioxam  ei 
■ome  othor  of  the  like  import,  understood.  both  refer  to  the  crime  coi 
JVe,  when  joined  to  a  verb,  is  generally  inter-  upon  Caasandra.  He  ofibra 
■Vfalivey  w  in  the  prewmt  oaM.    When  it  during  the  Mick  of  Tio/. 


iENEia    UB.  I.  18T 

b  rmfiiiluiii  jaeuktt  e  nubibus  igneni, 

je  rmleBi  e? ertiique  equore  ventif : 

Mimnteni  tninsfixo  pectore  flmmmaa 

M>iTipuit,  scopuloque  infixit  acuto.  46     4ft.  TnrbiM  oonipmli 

qua  DiTdm  inoedo  regina,  JoTisque  ***■■*  ««pirtmtim  flai» 

et  conjuz,  un&  cum  gente  tot  annos  "*** 

o :  et  quisquam  numen  Junonis  adoret 

,  aut  Bupplex  aris  imponat  honorem? 

Immmmto  secum  Dem  corde  Yolutans,  £0 

D  in  pmtrimm,  loca  fcetm  fiirentibufl  Austria, 

^enit.     Hic  Tmato  rex  iEolua mntro  ^  Hk wkMMm m 

I  TentoB,  tempeetmteaque  aonorma  ^^  tntfo  pt^ut  i»- 

)remit,  mc  ▼mciia  et  cmroere  firenmt.  *^         *^^ 

imntes  mmgno  cum  murmure  montis  66 

Imustrm  fi^unt     Cels&  sedel  iEolus  arce, 

enens ;  moliitque  animos,  et  temperat  irms. 

mmrim  mc  terrms  coelumque  profimdum  68.  Qaippo,  ni  fkeimt 

srmnt  rmpidi  secum,  verrmntque  per  murms.  •*•  *^  rapidi  foroal  m- 

'  omnipotens  speluncis  abdidit  mtris,  60  ^^^  ni^n^ 

jens:  roolemque  et  montes  insuper  mltos 

;  regemque  diiBdit,  qui  foedere  certo  ^  Q>^  Jiimiio  ooiiol 

fre,  et  Imzms  sciret  dmre  jussus  habenas.  ^  ^nmm  eot  eerlo  fio- 

lum  Juno  supplex  his  vocibus  usa  esl :  j^^|^^^  ^^ 

amque  libi  Divbm  pater  atque  hominum  rex  66 
re  dedit  fluctus,  et  toUere  ▼entoi) 

NOTES. 

jmemimia,    Boddo  Joto,  ooyonl  of  for  wind  in  i^oaonl :  tho  ipeeut  fbr  tks 

ond   OoddoMoo  oould  hurl  tho  gemu. 

■  beoTen.    Hero  Polloo  is  laid  to  52.  InJEoliamvemi:  oho  oomo  into«Co- 

lum  Ihe  ahipe  of  Ajoz,  to  drown  ito,  the  coontrjr  of  itonno. 

t,  and  to  pierco  hio  breool  with  o  The  iEoIion  ielonds  oro  oovon  in  nnmbor^ 

lil^tning.  sitUBted  between  Itoljr  ond  Sicily  on  tho 

tineede:  I  who  wolk  Iho  Queen  ^^^  They  wero  ■ometimoicoUed  r«/wim», 

<U,  ond  bolb  tho  oioter  ond  wife  ^^  HephaHiadet.    pim  chief  of  wbich  oro 

Enr  on  wor,  ke.  Lipara^  Hiera^  and  SirongSfle.    Hore  £oluo 

.     _     .,  \  ..      _.    .       .     .  tho  oon  of  Hippotoo  reigned.    He  is  soid  to 

?^    "^^iJ^^J      A^^T  haveinyented  .S.,ond  to  hove  been  ogmol 

r.  k  with  digmty,  ond  in  rtate:  ^^„^„er,  and  obsorTor  of  tho  win8Z- 

toiealtqua  amlnUare :  ond  is  pro-  j,          ^^ '           ^^^  him  the  god  of  Ihs 

.ed  lo  persons  of  ronk,  and  dis-  ^j^^,     HoiTr  teU.  u.  that  he  gave  to  Ulyo. 

^^'^^^^'^  00.  aU  tho  windo,  that  oould  impedo  hk 

ierea:  beude— in  addition  to  tho  course  to  Ithaca,  confinod  in  o  bog;  bal 

read jgiTon.    If  I  .hall .how  my-  thal hi. companion., oul of  curiosity , untiod 

5  to  eflbct  my  pnrpose,  and  saUate  jt,  and  let  oul  all  the  adTorso  winds. 

;»--if  I  shall  let  them  alone:  who  54.  Pnenai:  ho  curb.  or  govems.    Tkio 

'-,  «c. — ffofioran,  m  the  senoo  of  i,  ^  metaphor  taken  from  the  rider,  who  mo* 

nages  hi.  .teed.  Imperio:  power,  authorily. 

olo  of  thi.  speech  of  Juno  is  oni*  61.  Molem  ei  aiiot  moniet:  for  moiemaiiO' 

U  of  pride  and  haughtiness.      If  rum  wumiium^  by  hendiodis  :  the  woighl  of 

loddeso  of  inibrior  honor,  dignity,  lofty  mountains.    This  mode  of  ozp-oorioo 

',  eould  destroy  the  fleet  of  Ajaz,  is  irequont  with  VirgiL— /fuo|pfli      ia  Ihs 

foUowers,  ond  kill  their  leader ;  Mnse  of  jnwierek, 

'bo  om  both  the  sister  and  wife  63.  Premere :  in  tho  senso  of 


m  oblo  to  deotroy  theoo  few  ftigi-  Jtutut:  oommonded  by  Joto.    Horo  ■piB 

■0,  ond  thoir  king.  i.  o  metaphor  takon  firom  tho  ridor :  Om9 

Crit  furenHbm:  ploooo  pregnanl  laxat  habenat:  to  giTO  loooo  rotiio    Is  hH^^ 

Bo  wmds.    Autier  properly  signi-  the  horso  go  ol  iW  spood.    JWwox  kmtm^tM 

lih  «ind;  bnt  il  ftoqoontly  io  pul  rulo.                                                        *i^^| 


iCi8  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Gens  inimicR  mihi  Tyrrhenum  naTigat  cquor 
Ilium  in  Italiam  portans,  victosque  Penaies» 
Incute  vim  ventia,  aubmersaaque  obrue  pupp« 
70.  Aut  age  eot  tn  \^i  ^ge  diversas,  et  disjice  corpora  ponto. 
4iwmMjMrie#,  et        .  g^j^^  ^^^^^  j^jg  septem  pnestanti  corpore  Nym 

72.  Quarum  lunfiram  ^  /•       a       i  ■  A  ..       • 
HH     ■Ubili     connSbio  Q"»'^'»^  q?«  fo™^  H?*^'™^  I>«'^^P«^ 
Dciopeiiun,  quc  at  pul-  Connubio  jungam  stabili,  propnamque  dicati 

eherrinia  eantm  omnium  Omncs  ut  tecum  meritis  pro  talibus  annos 
forma,   dicaboque    eam  Exigat,  et  pulchr&  fiiciat  te  prole  parontem. 
propriam;  ut  exigat  om-       ^^j^^  j,^  ^^^^^  .   .f  „       5  regVMi,  quid 
nes  annoB  v^     1  11  •■  •   •  •  ^ 

76.  ContriL  iEolui  r«-  Explorare  labor :  mihi  jussa  capesaere  fiis  ei 

pondU  hec :   O  regina,  Tu  mihi,  quodcunque,  hoc  regni,  tu  sceptra, 
tuue  labor  est  Concilias  :  tu  das  epulis  accumbere  Divflm, 

78.  Tu  conciliaa  mihi  Nimborumque  facis  tempestatumque  potente: 

irf^  "^^17^'*''""*^''*      ^^^  "^^  ^*^^^  ^^""^  ^"^«"^  cuiipide  m 
Sl.^UbT'  hiBc    dicta  Inipulit  in  latus ;  ac  venti,  velut  agmine  fact< 
MiNl,*    impulit     cayum  Qua  data  porta,  ruunt,  et  ierras  turbine  perf 
montem  in  latui  Incubuere  mari,  totumque  a  sedibus  imis 

84.    Incubuere    mari  u^a  Eurusque  Notusque  ruunt,  creberque  p: 
Eaniaque  noiuwjuo  Af-  Afncus,  et  vastos  volvunt  ad  litora  fluctiia. 
ncosquo creber  procclus,  T  •?         ,  -^         ^  -  t  jm 

im&que     ruunl    totum  Insequitur  clamurque  virflm,  stndorque  nide 

mtm  Eripiunt  subit6  nubes  ccclumque,  diemque, 

Teucrorum  ex  oculis :  ponto  noz  incubat  at 
Intonuere  poli,  et  crebris  micat  ignibus  etiM 
Praesentemque  viris  intentant  omnia  mortem 
ExtempI6  iEneae  solvuntur  frigore  membr 
Ingemit,  et  duplices  tendens  ad  sidera  palmt 
Talia  voce  refert :  O  terque  quaterque  beati 

NOTES. 

67.  7)prhenum  mare,  That  part  of  tho  bc.  Serviusthinkenomore  ie 
Mediterranean  betwecn  the  inlands  of  Cor-  lus*  rccciving  hifl  kingdom  an 
rica,  Sardinia,  and  Siciiy,  was  called  the  Juno,  than  tltat  ^  thc  wind*  a 
Tuecan  Soa.  motion  ;  which  is  aomctimes 

68.  Ilium :  Troj ;  by  meton.  for  the  }iO.  Potcniem :  thc  present 
Trojans — those  that  survivcd  the  catastro-  eubstantivc:  rulcr  of  storms  i 
phe  of  thc  city.  Soc  note  1.  supra. — Pena'  82.  Agmine  facto :  in  a  fo 
te» :  eee  Gcor.  2.  505.  — or  a  battalion  being  fom 

69.  Incute  rim :  add  forcc  to  your  winds,  ho  struck. 

and  OYorwhelm  their  ships  sunk  in  thesca.  84.  Incubuere:  the  perf.  i 

71.  Pra^tanti:  in  the  scnse  o£  pulehro,  thc  pros.  thei/  rest  upon,        • 

73.  Dicabo  propriam :   I  will  consecrate  87.  Rudenium :  in  the  seni 
her  (to  be)  your  own — ^your  peculiar  pro-  90.  Poli.     Polus  is  propcr 
perty.     This  passage  is  in  imitation  of  Ho-  thc  heavcns,  called  the  polo. 
mer.     Iliad  14.  *30\.  for  tho  wholc  heavens.    Poh 

77.  Labor  :  conccm — business. — F(u  «/,  thundcrcd. — Ifpiibus  :  lighti 
fai  the  Bcnse  of  aquum  est.  in  the  scnse  of  aer. 

78.  Tu  conciticu^  6iG.  Th^  meaning  of  the  92.  3olruntur :  shudder — 
passagc  appears  to  be :  I  owe  to  thy  favor  Duplices :  in  thc  sense  of  an 
and  kind  otficcs  the  empire  of  the  winds,  and  93.  Ingemuit:  he  groaned. 
tlie  powcr  and  authority  of  a  kin^,  which  thc  fcar  ofdcath  absolutely  < 
thou  didHt  obtain  of  Jovo  fpr  me.  Throu^h  at  tho  prospect  of  dying  an  ir 
tliy  favor  also,  I  sit  at  the  tablc  of  the  gods.  among  the  waves. 

Both  duty  and  gratitudo,  thereforc,  impcl  94.  Refrrt :  he  says,  or  pr 

■le  to  coiiiply  witli  your  rcquest,  to  do  thy  like    words.      O   terque^  mu 

eonimands. — Refrni:  pm.  sing.govemedhy  Siinply:  O  thrico  happy  the 

koe,     It  In  bftst  tranKJatod  as  if  it  wcre  of  the  happcned  to  die  before  the  fa 

MLnie  case  with  hoe,   Coneitias  hoc  repnu  &c.  mode  of  expression  detiotcfl  tl 

f  ua  procure  for  me  thii  power,  whatever  it  of  felicity.    Or,  if  we  eupp^ 


iENElS.    LIB    I  IM 

Queia  ante  ora  patrum^  Trojs  sub  moenibus  altis,  95     9^^  q  f  jdide  tbrtii»- 

Contigit  oppetere !  6  Dana^m  fortissime  gentis  Bime    gontis    Dan&<iin. 

Tydide.,  mene  Iliacis  occumbere  campis  men^  non  potuiim)  oc- 
Non  potuisse  ?  tuaque  animam  hanc  effundere  dextriL  ?     cumbcre  lliac» 

SiBvus  ubi  iEacidaj  telo  jacet  Hector,  ubi  ingens  ^.^'^{^  u^dif  ^^^0^1' 

8arpedon  :  ubi  tot  Simois  correpta  sub  undis  100  galeMque"  e*t  ^0111^^»* 

Scuta  virdm,  galeasque,  et  fortia  corpora  volvit.  pora  viram 

Talia  jactanti  stridens  Aquiione  procella  102.  Procella  stridene 

Felum  adversa  ferit,  fluctusque  ad  sidera  tollit.  f*  aquilone,  advorsa  lUi 

Fianguntur  remi :  tum  prora  avertit,  et  undis  ^J^"^  ^**'  ^^"*  ^«- 

l>at  latus  :  insequitur  cumulo  prseruptus  aquae  mons.  iq^^    Notus    torquet 

Hi  summo  in  fluctu  pendent :  his  unda  dehiscens  106  troe  naves   abreptae  in 

Terram  inter  fluctus  aperit :  furit  a&stus  arenis.  latentia  saxa,  Ula  aaza, 

Tres  Notus  abreptas  in  saxa  latentia  torquet ;  ?»»  '^^  ™e<*"«  flucUbua, 

Saza,  vocant  ItaU,  mediis  que  in  fluctibus  Aras,  ^^*  -^^^^^l  5'^"'  ^«^, 

w^       '       .  '      .         ^  m        rt  t      1.      -  ^^  rum  imniane  doraura  «/ 

Dorsum  unmane  man  summo.     Tres  Eurus  ab  alto  1 10  ^^  Bummo  mari.    Eurui 
1n  brevia  et  syrtes  urgeL,  miserabile  visu  ;  orget  tres  naves  ab  altn 

NOTES. 

■trophe  to  those,  who  ftll  on  the  plains  of  used  with  this  discrimination.    Jactamt . 

Troy,  fighiing  for  their  country,  we  may  in  tbo  sense  of  dicentu 

render  it:  O  Sirice  happy  ye,  to  whom,  &c.  103.  Advena:  an  adj.  aproeing  with  pnh' 

This  last  is  tho  more  animated  and  poetical.  cella,     Aa  iEncaa  was  steering  toward  Italy, 

TJie  formcr  is  tlie  sensc  of  Rueus.  a  north  wind  would  be  in  his  f ace,  or  against 

97.  Tydide,  Diomede,  thc  son  of  Tydeus,  him. 

king  of  £tolia.     He  was  woundod  by  Alne-         105.  IntequUur.   Nothing  can  czceed  tliis 

as  in  a  combat.     Me^ne  potuisse :  ihe  acc.  picture  of  a  roUing  billow.     It  follows  («e- 

afler  the  verb  refert^  or  some  other  of  the  quitur)  rolling  along,  constantly  on  the  in- 

•ame  import,  undcrstood:  whj  could  I  not  crease,  (eumuio)  till  itbccomcs  a  brokcn  and 

have  fallen  on  tiie  Trojan  plains?  &c.  rugged  mountain  of  wator:  pratruptut  nunu 

98.  f^jfundert:  in  the  sense  of  aint//a'e. —  aqute, 

Jmtet :  lies  slain.  107.    Aperit  terram,     So  high   did    the 

99.  Stanu  Heetor :  valiant  Hector.  He  waves  roll,  that  between  them  the  sand  or 
vms  the  son  of  Priam  and  Hecuba,  and  the  bottom  of  the  sea  appcared  visiblc.  Thia 
bravest  of  all  the  Trojans.  He  was  at  last  may  not  appear  incredibie,  whon  it  is  con  • 
alain  by  AcIuUos,  and  his  dead  body  drawn  sidcrcd  that  they  wero  ncar  shore,  apd  on 
behind  his  chariot  around  the  walls  of  Troy,  shallows.  Dehiteen* :  opcning.  Uuceus  in- 
and  ihe  tomb  of  Patrochu^  wliom  Hector  tcrprets  unda^  by  mare,  ACstus :  the  tide, 
had  slain  some  time  before.    It  was  aflcr-  or  current. 

wania  ransomed  by  Priam  at  a  grcat  price,  108.    Saxa,    These  rocks  are  generaliy 

and  honorably  buried.    JEacidat:  AchiUcs.  siipposed  to  be  the  AHgatts^  three  Islands 

See  note  30.  supra.  not  far  from  the  westem  prouiontory  of  Si- 

100.  Sarpedon,  He  was  the  king  of  Ly-  ciiy,  whcre  the  Romans  and  Carthaginians 
cia,  and  came  to  the  assistance  o£  Priam. —  made  a  treaty,  which  endcd  thc  first  Punic 
He  ww  slain  by  Patroclus.  It  is  said  that  war.  Thcy  reccived  tho  nanie  of  altars<t 
he  was  the  son  of  Jupttcr  by  Laodamia.  from  tho  oaths  that  wero  then  made  by  the 

Simois :  a  river  in  Troas,  rislng  out  of  contracting  partics.     Tiicre  is  a  diiFicuIty  in 

Mount  Ida,  and  flowing  into  the  Scamman-  tliis  interpretation.    For  it  is  Faid  thcir  huge 

4«r,  and  with  it  into  the  Hellespont,  near  back  was  in  the  surfacc  of  tho  watcr,  and 

thepromontory  of  Sigeum.     Correpta:  car-  in  the  prcceding  line  thcy.  aie  rallcd  iatentia 

ried — ^hurriod  down  its  curront.     Virxim^  by  taxa,     Abreptat :  drivcn — forccd. 
ajn,  for  riroruni :  of  hcroes.   The  poet  here         111.  Bretna  et  Syrtts :  shoals  and  quick- 

uludes  to  tlie  bloody  battle  fought  on  the  sands.     Syrtis  is  properly  a  lurge  l)ank  oi 

buiks  of  this  rivcr,between  the  Groeks  and  sand  made  by  the  action  of  the  \\uter. — 

Trojan»,  related  by  Homcr;  in  which  the  Thcre  were  two  of  thcHe  lianks,  or  6jyr/fi  on 

lattcr  auflTered  s  signal  defoat.  tho  coast  of  Africa,  called  the  Si/riis  Major. 

102.  Proceiia:  properiy,  a  storm  at  sea.  and  tho  Syrtis  Minor:  thc  forineriuy  to  thp 

flljlCHM,  a  cold  storm  m  the  wintcr.     J^im'  east  of  Curtiiagc,  ut  aronsiderattln  diistance; 

'      a  storm  of  rain  witli  biuck  angry  clouds  thc  latter  nearly  opposite.     Urget :  in  the 

wind;  asquall.     /ifi^/rr,  a  gontlc  show-  sense  of  impeiiit.     Miserubiie:   nliocking— - 

''imia.    Thev  are.  however,  not  alwavs  distressing.     f^uu,  is  cithcr  thc  supine  in  11« 


I7D  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

llliditqiie  vadis^  atque  aggere  cingit 

114.   Ingons   pontuii«  Unaiii,  que  Lycios  fidumque  vehebat  Orontt 

aB^n  oculofl  JEtiea  ip-  Ipsius  ante  oculos  ingens  a  vertice  pontus 

Hua,  ferit  &  Tostice  un&m  In  puppim  ferit :  excutitur  pronusque  magin 

ii«o«^  m  puppim,  quB  Volvitur  in  caput :  ast  illam  ter  fluctus  ibidei 

lieT  Art  circumageni  Torquet  agens  circuin,  et  rapidus  vorat  leqiic 

fluctus  torquot  illam  no-  Apparent  rari  nantes  in  gurgite  vasto : 

Mi  ter  ibidom  Arma  virdm,  tabulieque  et  TroTa  gaza  per  in 

118.   Homines  appa-  Jam  validam  Ilionei  navem,  jam  fortis  Acbati 

«^jT  "^i"^*"'  '"7*"^**  Et  qua  vectus  Abas,  et  qu&  grandevu»  Aletfa 

furgite.    jipparent  quO'  ^r-  -^  i.  i     •    i  .    ^      ^  •» 

f  ue  arma  \mi  hyems :  laxis  laterum  compagibus  onin 

120.  Hyemfl  vicit  jam  Accipiunt  inimicum  imbrem,  rimisque  fiitiacn 

validam  navem  Ilionei ;      Interea  magno  misceri  murmure  pontum, 

|am  navem  forUs  Acha-  Emlssamque  hyemem  sensit  Neptuiius,  et  ud 

Ahl/lJn.??:.  *•.  11  Stagna  refusa  vadis :  graviter  commotus,  et  i 
ADaa  vectuB  m/,  et  na-  •*    °   .  .  *     r    • «  \- 

^gfn^  ^n  qnl^  Prospiciens,  summa  placidum  caput  eztulit  n 

125.  Neptunus  senait  Disjectam  ^nese  toto  videt  lequore  classem, 
pontum  Fluctibus  oppressos  Troas,  coelique  ruini. 

126.  Stagna    refuea  Nec  latuere  doli  fratrem  Junonis,  et  irae. 

***fio*  pt  T««—  «««— _  Eurum  ad  se  Zephyrumque  vocat :  dehinc  li 
129.  JLt  Iroaeoppree-  «,     .  •    ^       «a  isj     •  *  •  • 

I  esse  fluctibus  Tantane  vos  genens  tenuit  fiducia  vestn  ? 

133.  Jam  audetia,  O   Jam  ccelum  terramque,  meo  sine  numinef  fi 

NOTES. 

to  l>e  ioen;  or,  for  vuut,  the  dat  of  vitut^  FaiueuiU  rimii:  gape  open 

lo  the  sight.     See  Ecl.  5.  29.  leaka. 

112.  /'(ufM  :  against  the  bottom.  Vadum  12S.  Siagna:  p\n,ot»iagm 
b  properly  a  shaTlow  part  of  the  sea;  or  a  or  deep  part  of  the  sea.  ^i 
part  of  a  river  that  may  be  forded.  Aggere:  decp,  or  open  sear— out  of  ai 
a  baiik  of  sand.  Freium^  a  strait,  or  narrow 

113.  LycioM,  The  Lycians  were  a  people  the  sea  near  the  land.  Bu 
of  Asia  Minor,  who  came  to  assist  Priam.  always  used  with  this  discrii 
After  the  death  of  Sarpedon  their  king,they  127.  Plaeidum,  This  mut 
chose  to  accompany  iEneas.  Oroniet  took  Neptune^s  natural  charactei 
the  command  of  them.  ness  in  regard  to  the  Trojan 

114.  Ponttu:  here  put  for  a  wave  of  the  foct,  which  his  countenance 
lea,  by  «ynec.  It  was  so  great  that  it  seem-  raging  sea.  For  he  was  | 
ed  as  if  tho  whole  ocean  was  breaking  upon  graviier  eommotut^  at  the  win 
the  ship.  A  vertice.  Some  understand  by  his  realms  without  his  perm 
this,  the  head  or  prow  of  the  ship.  The  129.  /2utfui  rop/t :  with  the 
eommon  acceptation  of  the  word  is  the  These  words  strongly  deno 
best : /rom  above,  It  was  so  high  that  It  ofthetempest — thefloodsof 
appeared  to  foll  down  upon  the  ship.  derings  and  lightnings:  all  i 

115.  Pronus.  I  take  this  to  denote  the  threaten  the  destruction  of  1 
posture  of  the  helmsman,  bending  or  stoop"  130.  DoliJunonis:  the  wi 
ing  forward,  in  order  to  stand  more  firmfy.  her  anger,  did  not  lie  conc 
The  helmsman  {magister)  is  thrown  from  brother — had  not  escaped  t] 
hia  feet,  and  tumbled  headlong  into  the  sea.  her  brotlier.    Neptune  and 

117.  Circumagens  Jlueius:  the  whirling  dren  of  Satum  and  Ops. 
water.  132.  Tanta-nefiiucia:  hi 

118.  Rari:  scattered  here  and  there. —  fideiice  of  your  race  possei 
Ourgite :  in  the  sense  of  mari.  winds  werc  the   ofispring 

119.  Oasa :  this  word,  signifies  all  kinds  Astneus,  one  of  the  Titana 
of  valuable  fumiture,  as  well  as  treasures  intimates,  that  if  they  imita 
of  gold  and  silver.  of  the  Giants,  their  ancei 

122.  Compagiifus:  the  seams  or  streaks  ezpect  to  share  in  their  pui 

of  the  Bides  being  loosened,  they  all  let  in  least,  they  could  not  expoc 

the  hostile  water.     lml>er^  though  properly  impunity. 

a  ehower.of  rain,  is  here  used  for  water  in  133.  JWijiitn^.*  in  the  Mn 

general.    Hyems^  in  the  eense  ol  iempesias,  vel  voiuniaie.  MoU»  *  hi  tln 


iENElS.    LIB.  I. 


ITl 


i^  et  tantaB  audctis  tollere  moles  ? 
Quos  ego— Sed  motos  prwdtat  coinponere  fluctus. 
Pdat  nuLi  non  siniili  pccna  commissa  luctis. 
llatiirate  fugam,  regiquc  liiec  dicite  vestro : 
NoD  illi  iiAperium  pelagi,  ssvumque  tridentem, 
Sod  nuhi  sorte  datum  :  tenet  iile  inimania  saxa, 
VMiras,  Eurc,  domos :  illi  se  jactet  in  aula 
JEoIus,  et  clauso  ventorum  carcere  regnet. 

Sic  ait :  et  dicto  citius  tumida  sequora  placat, 
Collectasque  fugat  nubes,  Solemque  reducit. 
C^  nothoe  siraul,  et  Triton  adnixus,  acuto 
DMrudunt  naves  scopulo :  levat  ipse  tridenti, 
Et  vastas  aperit  syrtea,  et  temperat  equor ; 
Atque  rotis  summas  levibus  perlabitur  undas. 
Ae,  veluti  magno  in  populo  cum  8a;pe  coorta  est 
Beditio,  sevitque  animis  ignobile  vulgus  ; 
Jtmque  faces  et  sajui  volant ;  furor  anna  ministrat : 
TnDi,  pietate  gravem  ac  meritis  si  forte  virum  quem 
Conspezere,  silent,  arrectisque  auribus  adstant. 
Dc  regit  dictis  animos,  et  pectora  mulcet. 
Br  cunctus  pelagi  cecidit  fragor ;  squora  postc|uam 
Fros{iiciens  genitor,  cosloque  invectus  aperto, 
Fkctit  e<|uo8,  cumique  volans  dat  lora  secundo. 

Defeisi  JEneade,  que  prozima  litora  cursu 
^«ntendunt  petere,  et  Libye  vertuntur  ad  oras. 

NOTES. 


Veiiti«   misoere 
136  t«"wii^»>« 


OGBlaiB 


138.  Imperiam  pa»asi« 

fwiiaique       triaentMi 

I^Q  Doii  datum  este  illi,  sed 


146 


160 


166 


151.  Timi,  fi  fort^  c«mi« 
spezere  quem  virum  gra- 
vem  pietate  et  mentie, 
■ileDt 

153.  Ille  ffir  regit  ani* 


158.  Contendont 
tere    litora,    qu0 
prozima  tn  cunu 


05.  Qttot  ego.  Here  puniamn  or  some 
tvd  ef  the  iike  import,  b  underBtood: 
thom  I  vill  punish,  or  chattiae.  But  it  is 
kllcr  to  still  the  raging  wavet,  before  1 

196.  P^  nen  lueiu  mihi:  hereaf\er  ye 
Adl  not  atone  to  me  for  your  offences 
Vilh  a  like  puniahment.  Neptune  here  in- 
faMc»  it  to  be  a  matter  of  demency  in  him 
hpemiitting  them  to  eecapo;  but  they  must 
Mrare ;  the  next  time  they  thus  presume, 
b  ■hall  chattiae   them   in   an  ezeroplary 


138.  tmperiumpelagi,  In  the  divijiion  of 
ii  world  between  the  eona  of  Satum,  the 
■i  fell  to  Neptune,  the  heavoni  and  tiie 
■itk  to  Jupitcr,  and  the  regrions  below  to 
Ihlai.  S^cum :  in  the  sense  of  poteniem, 
UB.  Tenei  immttnia:  let  him  posseM 
vild  and  uncultivatcd  rocks,  thy  ha- 
MM,  O  eaat  wind.  Immania  saxa  are 
fti  fMUms  of  iEolos,  montioned  verse  52, 


UG.  Jactei  je:  boaet,  or  glory.  ^^ula: 
kth»  leiiee  of  regia» 

ML  Ciiiut  diei9:  loonerthan  said.    The 

■|L  eHiuM  guvems  dieio^  in  the  abl.    P/o- 

tf;  calms. 

144.  Cpmoihai:  a  njmph  of  the  eea^  the 
Aifliler  of  NerBui  and  Dorie.  Triton: 
Aisos  of  Amphitrite.  Hls  upper  part  wae 
Ib  a  ■UB,  aiiid  hie  lower  pail  like  a  fish. 
fe  vaa  v«i7  foniibl  amonf  the  sea-foda. 


and  could  calm  and  embroil  the  eea  at  hie 
pleaiiure.  Many  of  the  marine  gods  wera 
calicd  Tritons,  but  the  name  is  properly  ap- 
plicable  to  those  only  that  were  half  man 
aiid  half  fish.     Levai :  assists — lightens. 

148.  AeveluHeikm:  as  when  in  a  ffjtaX 
crowd,  a  tumult  oflen  rises,  and  the  i(|;noble 
throng  ragcs  in  their  minds,  &c. 

This  comparison  is  extrcmely  beautiful, 
as  well  as  just.  Nothing  can  be  more  pro- 
per  to  fepresent  the  disorder  and  havoc  of 
a  violent  hurricane,  than  the  rage  and  the 
desolation  occasloncd  by  an  inccnscd  mob. 
The  suddeuness,  with  which  the  noisy  wavee 
subsido,  and  sink  into  a  calm,  as  soon  ae 
Ncptune  surveys  them,  is  fincly  marked  by 
the  awe  and  silcnce,  with  which  the  sedi- 
tious  multitude  is  imniediatcly  struck,  at 
Uie  sight  of  a  man  of  superior  mcrit  and 
authority. 

150.  Arma:  in  the  sense  of  teta.  GrO' 
vem :  in  the  sense  of  insignem,  ArreeHi : 
with  listening,  or  attentive  ears. 

155.  Cob/o.  Coelum  horo  means  simplT« 
tho  air.  He  was  wafled  in  the  opea  air* 
Just  abovo  the  surface  of  tlie  ocean.  /Vo* 
gor :  the  raging,  or  tumult 

156.  Curru:  the  dat.  for  eurrui.  Sea 
EcL  V.  29.    Seeundo :  iight — casy-movinr • 

157.  JEneada:  tJie  Trojans;  so  called 
from  ^neas,  their  leader.  Coniendunt: 
they  strive  to  reach,  or  get  to  thia  MtanA 
ihore.  • 


na  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Est  in  sccespu  longo  locus :  insula  portimi 

160.  Qaibai  Uueribiu  Efiicit  objectu  lalerum  :  quibus  omnis  ab  alti 

omnM  unda  veniena  ab  Frangitur,  inque  sirius  scindit  sese  unda  redw 

uto    rranintur*    Bcmdit  tt-     ^         i.* 

oiie  aese  "'"^  atque  hinc  vastae  rupes,  gemimque  mui 

In  c(rhim  scopuh  :  quorum  sub  vertice  lat^ 
^'Equora  tuta  silent :  tum  sylvis  scena  coruao 
Desuper,  horrentique  atrum  nemus  imminet 

166.  Eit  antrum  in  Fronte  sub  adversa  scopulis  pcndentibus  antl 
pendeatibug  scopulis       ^^^^^  ^        6\x\ces,  vivoque  sedilia  saxo ; 

167.  Intus  n<n/ dulces  XT         l  j  u-     r  •        t 
aque,  ■edUiaque  i  vivo  Nymphanim  domus :  hic  fessas  non  vmcula  i 

■azo:  videtur  domua       Ulla  tenent;  unco  non  alHgat  anchora  morsi 

Huc  septem  iEneas  collectis  navibus  omni 

£x  numero  subit :  ac  magno  telluris  amore 

Egressi,  optat^  potiuntur  Troes  arenft, 

£t  sale  tabentes  artus  in  litore  ponunt. 

Ac  primQm  silici  scintillam  excudit  Achatea 

176.  Circumdedit  ari-  Suscepitque  ignem  foliis,  atque  arida  circuin 
**  Nutrimenta  dedit,  rapuitque  in  fomite  flamm 

177.  Tum  fesii  renim  Tum  Cererem  corruptam  undis,  Cerealiaqu 
•xpediun  Cererem         Expediunt  fessi  rerum :  frugesque  receptas 

£t  torrere  parant  flammis,  et  frangere  saxo. 
iEneas  scopulum  interea  conscendit,  et  01 
Prospectum  late  pelago  petit,  Anthea  si  qui 
Jactatum  vento  videat,  Phrygiasque  biremei 
Aut  Capyn,  aut  celsis  in  puppibus  arma  Ca 

NOTES. 

159.  Longo  teeenu :  in  a  long  or  dark  re-    dronched   with  ealt  water- 
MM.      This    description  of  the  port  and    salt  water. 

harbor  18  beantiful  in  itself,  and  seasonably         176.  Arida  nutrimenta :  d: 

introduced  to  reliovo  tho  rcader,  and  coin-  the  spark  struck  from  the 

poee  his  mind,  aHcr  having  dwelt  upon  the  hc  quickly  kindled  a  flanic  a 
(brmer  iinagcs  of  horror  and  distrcss.   •  177.  Cerfrt^m  rurn/plam : 

160.  Objeclu:  in  the  sensc  of  oppositu,  maered  by  the  water— wcl. 

^oa     d'  1  Kcl.  v.  79.      Jlrma:    prope: 

162.   Rupes :    properly,   a    precipice,  or  ,         ♦     i     r      ^  J  »    - 

.      .  ^    -     r      c         j        V-  u     1  1  mcntB  or  tools  of  an y  art  or 

brokcn  rock.     ocom//ia,  a  hi^h,  sharp  rock.  ,  .•       r  .    ..  :ii  uJ 

o  I  *  »#        ,  retf/ta  arma,  thcreforc,wul  be 

aorum,   any   rock,   or  stoue.      Minantur:         .,        ,    .,     .  :^  uJL-t.:-.- 

u  4     j  4    u  or  utensils  used  m  oreaKmff 

reach.  or  extcnd  to  heaven.  •      •<  r         .•  ^ 

^^^  parmg  it  for  eatmg. 

164.  Scena  tylvis :   an   arbor  formed   of        173^  Fesii  rerum:  wcary 

wavingtree8,andagrovedarkwithit8awful  tuncs-^their  toils—^their   dt 

ihade,  hangs  over  it  from  above.     Ruseus  rerqltas :  the  grain  saved. 

interprets  scena  by  umbraculum.  Cererem,  just  mentioned. 

166.  Sub  adversa  fronte,    This  cave  was         1 79.  Parant  torrere.     Rui 

"ight  in  firont,  or  opposile  to  them,  as  they  in  the  sense  of  coqvere ;  an 

entered   the   harbor,  and    approached    the  foilows /ranjr^re,  which  mui 

ihore.     Pendentibus  :  its  roof  was  archcd  with  fru^es  receptas :  thcy  | 

with  rocks.     Rusus  atiy 9  suspensis^  for  peri-  thc  corn,  and  to  bake  it  ii 

dentibus.  torrere  inay  bc  taken  for  tl; 

]Q9.  /^nntiHavincula  tenent,     The  mcan-  Ihe  corn  that  had  been  w< 

ing  is :  tho  harbor  was  so  safe  and  securc,  dama|rcd  by  tho  water ;    ik 

thatshipsneeded  neithercables  noranchors.  code  its  hcing  hroken,  or  pi 

Morsu:  thc  ilukc.  king  brcad.     Exjtediunt:   ' 

170.   Huc  .^neas  :   here  ^neas  entered  fctch  il  oiit  of  their  ships. 
with  seven  ships,  collected,  &c.      Ho  Icft         IJil.  .-Inthta:  a  Greek  ac 
Troas  with  twcnty  ships.     One  he  had  just         lfl'2.  Rirnnes:  biromis  is 

lost,  and   tho  rest   were  scatterod   in   the  loy  of  two  banks  of  oars. 
■torm,  but  wcre  not  lost.  1K3.  .-■^rmrt  Calci:  the  a 

178.  Artu»    tabentea    saU :    their    limbs  that  is,  Caicus  himself. 


JENEIS.    LIB.  I  \rt 

ectu  nullam  ;  tres  litore  ccrvos 

es  :  hos  tota  armenta  sequuhtur  106     185.  BoBtres  dudort 

\\xm  per  valles  pascilur  agmen.  ■  ^''*^ 

cuinque  manu  celeres({ue  sagittas 

(jua;  tela  gercbat  Acliutcs. 

os  primuni,  capita  alta  ferentes 

;i3,  sternit :  tum  vu1l'us,  ct  omncm     190 

lis  nemora  inter  frondea  turbam. 

it,  (luum  septcm  iugcntia  victor 

humi,  et  numennn  cum  navibus  asquet. 

tit,  et  socios  partitur  in  omnes. 

3  deinde  cadis  oncrarat  Acestes  196    .  ^^5.    Deinde  diTidtt 

)   dtideratnuG  abeuntihiiB  heroa  vina,  qu»  bonui  Acaetef 

),  acaeraique  aDCuniiDus  neros,  oncrArat  in  c«db  Trina- 

moerenUa  pectora  mulcet :  crio  liiore,  herowioe  d«. 

enim  ignari  sumus  anti^  malorum)  der&t  UIim  aboiuitabue 

L :  dabit  Deus  his  quoque  finem.  Idd.  O  %m  pAoa  i^ 

1  rabiem,  penitusque  sonantes  200  ^****^ 

>s  ;  vos  et  Cyclopea  saxa 

ite  animos,  mccstumque  timorem  202.  Voe  ezperl  mtU 

et  hsec  olim  meminisse  juvabit. 

),  per  tot  discrimina  rerum, 

tium  ;  sedes  ubi  fata  quietas  206 

\  fas  regna  resurgere  TrojsB. 

et  rcbus  servate  secundis. 

fert :  curisque  ingentibus  ffiger, 

ilat,  premit  altum  corde  dolorem. 

cingunt  dapibusque  futuris.  210 

NOTES. 

Thifl  might  seem  mere  198.  Antlmaloruin:  of  pwt  eyilfl,  w  d»- 

is  consistcnt    with    the  tresses.     Ru0ue  takes  an/^  here  in  tWe  ■enee 

!ro  says :  Adoltscem  cursu  of  prateriiorum,     Or  perhaps,  maiorwm  911« 

Longum  agnun :    tho  /uerunt  anU. 

hcrd.  200.  Vot  aeehtia:  ye  have  approached 

\Ua :    bearin^  thcir  lofly  both  ihe  rage  of  ScylliL,  and  tho  rooke  roar- 

ing  homs.    The  poet  fine-  ing  within.     See  £cl.  vi.  74,  and  JEn,  iiL 

adcrs.     They  movo  with  420.     Opposite  the  rock  of  Scylla  ie  Cha- 

2sty,  having  their  heads  rybdis,  a  dangeroue  whirlpool ;  which,  taken 

loms  branching  out  like  together,  rcnder  the  paeeage  of  the  atraiti 

n  the  sense  oC  ferebat.  bctween  Sicily  and  Italy  very  hazardous. 

t  vulgut:  pursuing   with  Hcnce  arose  the  proverb : /nridi/ tn  iS^j^^^am, 

hcrd  and  the  rcst  of  the  qui  vult  viiare  Chary/Hlem.    This  Charybdin, 

ileafy  grovetffhedispcrses  as  fable  says,  was  a  voracious  old  woman, 

them    into  confusion    hy  who  stoie  tlie  oxen  of  Hercules.    For  which, 

ks.     The  word  miteeo^  as  bcing  struck  by  the  thunder  of  Jove,  she  wm 

iful  and  expressive.    Om-  turne*!  into  this  whirlpool.    Aecitti» :  by 

tie  sense  of  rtliquam  mul-  syn.  for  accettittia. 

203.  Olim:    hereailer.    Diterimina:   ic 

he  divides  them  among  the  sense  of  pericula. 

is.     He  had  killed  soven  207.  Seeundit  rebut :  preserve  yourselv«i 

tt  there  was  one  for  the  for  prospority.     Durale:  porsevere. 

208.  ^ger  ingeniibtu:    oppr6ssed   with 

iee  /Bn.  v.  35.    Onerarat :  heavy  cares,  (AiU  of  anxious  solicitude  for 

uid  given  them.  his  friends,)  he  dissembles  hope  on  his  coim> 

an  adj.  from  Trinaeria,  tenance,  but  represses,  &c.     Refert :  in  tb* 

lerived  nx>m  its  triangular  sense  of  ditit. 

>romontories  are :  Pachy'  210.  Aeeinguni  n:  they  prepare  tlMm- 

;  Liljfbmu^on  the  west;  solves  for.     Tergmai  tbtt  Bkn»  01  >Dk>AiM«\ 

te  north.  the  slain  der- , 


1T4  P.  VIRGIL11  MARONIS 

Tergora  diripiunt  costis,  et  viscen  nudant : 
Pars  in  fhista  sccant,  verubusque  trementia  Qj 
Litore  ahena  locant  alii,  flammasque  miniatni 
Tum  victu  revocant  vires :  fusique  per  herlMUi 
tl2.     Figiint    Jrdna  Implentur  veteris  Bacchi,  pinguisque  feriniB. 
*^iS*"]e"*"^^^**"*      Postquam  ezempta  fames  epulis^  mensaequc 
•     xemp  Amissos  longo  socios  sermone  requirunti 

218.  Seu  credant  eot   Spemque  metumque  inter  dubii :  seu  vivere  c 

Sive  extrema  pati,  nec  jam  ezaudire  vocatos 
t20.  £nea8  {remit  ■••  Pnecipu^  pius  iEneas,  nunc  acris  Orontei, 
•om  nuno  cMuin  acris  Nunc  Amyci  casum  gemit^  et  crud^lia  secum 
Oronui;    nuno    «»««•  Pata  Lyci,  fortemque  Gyan,  fortcmque  Cloai 

£t  jam  finis  erat :  cum  Jupiter  aethere  sum 
Despiciens  mare  velivolum,  terrasque  jacente 
tt7.     Atque    Venui  Litoraque,  et  latos  populos ;  sic  vertice  cobU 

Imtior,  et  ■uffuM  mioorf  Constitit,  et  Libyae  defixit  lumina  regnis. 

Mtentee  oculoe  alloaui     a  ^         '11        >i  1      •     .     .  ^ 

tor  Ulum  jactantem        ^^"®  »^**^  ^^^  jactantem  pectore  curas, 

tt9.  O  (u,  qui  legis  Trisdor,  et  laclirymis  oculos  sufiusa  nitentes, 
M  hominumque  Alloquitur  Venus :  O,  qui  res  hominumque  1 

NOTES. 

tll.  Fiteera :  neu.  plu.  of  viseus^  or  vtt-  panione  an  ezample  of  magni 

cum,    It  properly  ligniiies  all  the  parts  of  tude  onlv«  which  riep^  euperi 

the  animal  within  the  skin.    Here  it  meani  and  miBfortunei. 

HuJUsh,  934,  Velivolwn:  navigablA 

tlt.  Par»  teeani :  a  part  cut  into  pieces.  ras :  the  earth  may  be  said  U 

Kouni  of  multitude  may  have  verbi  in  the  eens)  itill,  dead  and  at  reit^ii 

■ingular  or  plural.  the  lea,  which  if  alwayi  In 

tl3.  Ahena :  neu.  plu.  brazen  dishes  or  poet  considers  here  the  sails  < 

vessels.     An  adj.  talien  as  a  substantivo. —  tlie  notion  of  wings,  by  whi 

MisUstrantJlammas  :  tend  the  fires.  the  sea,  as  a  bird  moves  thro 

tl5.  Implenlur,     Tliis  is  in  imitation  of  Rueus  takes  jaeentes  in  the 

the-Greeks,  with  whom  verbs  of  JSI/ing  go-  les:  \ow — lying  low.    Populi 

▼em  the  genitive.     Bacchi:  in  the  sense  of  of  gentts. 

vmt.  225.  Vertiee:    the  pinnsc 

tl7.  Requirunt:  they  inquire  afler  their  the  zcnith,  or  point  over  our 

lost  companions — converse  about  them.  226.  Dtjixil  oculos,    Dr.  1 

tl9.    Pati  extrema :    to  suffer   death —  that  nothing  to  him  breathei 

death  being  tho  last  of  all  earthly  things. —  etry,  particuiarly  Virgiiy  i 

Paii :  the  present  in  the  sense  of  the  perf.  delightful  passage,  in  which 

Voeaios  necjam :  being  invoked,  should  not  Jupiter,  and  the  boautiful  gri 

Aow  hear.    This  alludes  to  a  custom  among  so  finely  contrasted.     She  s 

Ihe  Romans,  of  calling  the  dead  three  timos  in  all  the  abruptness  of  e: 

by  name :  which  was  the  last  ceremony  in  that  she  is  addressing  the  1 

ibneral  obsequies.     Afler  which,  the  friends  derer,  and  yet  maintains  all 

pnmounced  the  word  f^o/e,  three  times,  as  of  female  complaint,  an<t  te: 

they  departed  from  the  tomb.    The  saroe  tion.    Jaetaniem:   in  the  e 

wme  observed  of  those,  who  perished   by  tem. 

■hipwreck,  or  othen»'ise,  when  their  bodies  228.  Si^ffusa  oeiUos :  wet 

e«ald  not  bo  found.  ning  eyes,  with  tears.    See 

ttO.  JEnecu  gemit  *  JEneas  laments  now  male  beauty  never  appears  i 

IIm  &te  of  brave  Orontes,  now,  &c.     The  makvM  so  deep  an  impressio 

most  ezaltcd  and  heroic  minds  are  the  most  holder,  as  when  svjjused  * 

•usoeptible  of  humanity  and  compassion. —  manifcsting  a  degree  of  ani 

Virgil  therefore  says :  Pracipui  pius  ^neas  The  poet  therefore  introduci 

gemii.     But  at  tlie  same  time,  ne  conducts  situation,  making  suit  to  h 

hisgrief  wifuprudence,andcarefully  avoids  speech  is  of  the  chastest  k 

whatever  would  tend  to  discourage  the  rest;  fail  to  charm  the  reader. 

aad  therefore  it  is  said,  that  he  grieves  pri-  229.  yenus.  The  goddosi 

▼alely,  seeum<t  keeping  his  sorrow  and  grief  lovo,     She  is  said  to  have  > 

ji  hif  own  bosom ;  and  sho  nng  to  his  com-  foam  of  the  sea,  near  the  is 


.\ 


iENEIS.    LIB.  L  171 


sgii  ioiperiis,  et  fulmine  terres,  SSO     S30.  TerrM 

I  iEnefts  in  te  committere  tantum,  ^iSJ^XeM^SSS 

ia  potoere  ?  quibus  tot  funera  passis,  ^mmWe  l^ui 

b  Italiam  terrarum  clauditur  orbis  ?  ^34^   Certi  poUidtiia 

:  Romanoa  olim,  Tolventibus  annis,  e«  Romanoi  oriturot  $sm 

ductorea,  revocato  a  sanguine  Teucri,  235  hinc  olim,  annii  volveiH 

,  qui  terraa  omni  ditione  tenerent,  ^^"^*^  ^«'e  ducioree  hiiM 

q««  te,  genitor,  aententia  vertit  t  'r.u^^il^^^^enTr^r^ 

lem  occatum  Troje  tnstesque  ruuiaa  238.    Equidom    hoe 

itis  ccMitraria  &ta  rependens.  promiuo  lolabar  oeca- 

NOTES. 

\g  lo  Heriod,  neer  tbe  ialand  of  t35.    Revoeaio^  Slc    Conimentatora  %tm 

Bhe  was  taken  op  to  Heaven,  divided  in  opinion,  on  thcM  wordi.    Corm- 

be  Gode  were  itnick  with  her  dui  takee  Mii^tn«  TVtim,  for  the  TrojaiMt 

1  became  jealoui  of  her  raperior  the  ofiipring  of  Tetuer ;  and  recocaio^  in  th# 

Jupiler  attempted,  in  vain,  to  eenM  of  reMtituio,    Rueu»  rejects  thia  ia 

ection;  and  as  a  puniihment  to  parU    By  Mn^tiu  Teueri^  he  undentanda 

I  refnsal,  beetoweid  her  upon  his  the  Trojans ;  and  bv  reroeato^  their  retum 

on  Vulcan.     She,  however,  had  into  Italjr,  whence  Dardanus,  the  founder 

ruM  with  Mara,  Mercury,  and  of  theirrace,  originated.  The  blood  of  Teo* 

Her  partiality  for  Adonis,  indu-  cer,  and  that  of  Dardanus,  were  united  ia 

leave  Olynipus.    8he  also  had  the  Troiani,  their  descendants.     Revoeoio: 

L,  it  is  said,  for  Anchises,  and  for  recalled-— called  back  to  take  possessioii  ol 

ten  visited  the  GrovM  of  Mount  the  land  of  their  ancestor. 

im  she  had  ^neas.  236.  Diiione  :   swaj — authority.     TViie- 

oisessed  a  mysterious  girdle  or  reni:  in  the  MnM  of  regereni,    Senieniiu: 

h  gave  to  any,  however  ugly  and  in  the  mum  of  eonnittm. 

leauty ,  elegance,  and  grace.    Her  238.  Hoe  quidem:    with   this  promiM,  I 

m  universaliy  Mtablished.    The  was  mitigating  the  fall,  and  mcI  catastro- 

yrtle,  and  the  apple,  were  sacred  phe  of  Troy : — I  was  consoling  myMlf,  at. 

le  doYo,  the  swan,  and  the  spar-  frc 

iior  favorite  birds.  239.  FaOe  rependent  eontraria :  to  thoM 

various  names,  derived  chiefly  fatM  balancing,  (or  placing)  fates  contrary, 

acM  where  she  was  worahipped ;  or  of  an  opposite  nature.     Fatum^  as  here 

tne  property  or  quality  she  was  nsed,  may  mean,  either  the  purpoMS  of  the 

poaseas.    Some  of  which,  are  the  rods  conceming  the Troians,  or  simply ,  their 

Cppriot  from  the  island  Cyprus :  fortune  or  dMtiny.    Their  city  had  been 

om  Paphos:  Cyikerea^  from  the  raMd,  and  a  numerous  train  of  illH  liad  be- 

hera ;   in  each  of  which  placM  fallen  them.    ThoM,  we  are  to  underatand 

ilendid  temples.     8he   was  alM  by  /aiiM.     By  faia  eontraria^  it  is  plain,  we 

»maia,becauM  she  prMided  over  are  to  onderstand  prosperiU,  or  a  state  of 

KtrtieordiOt  becauM  she  tumed  thinga  different  ftom  their  former  one.    Or« 

of  women  to  chastity :  Eiaira^  if  fata  be  taken  for  the  purposM  of  tbe 

I  wasthepatmneMofcourtezans:  gods  toward  them,  the  interpretatioo  wiU 

rom  Acidalus,  a  foontain  in  Beo-  be  the  same. 

sa,  becaoM  she  was  the  queen  of  The  downfall  of  Troy  was  a  very  afflict- 

fM,  beeauM  the  myrtle  was  m-  ing  circumstance  to  Venos.     6he  stmve 

r :  Libertinot  on  aocount  of  her  hud  to  prevvnt  it.    And  afler  the  event,  ahe 

s  io  lioentious  amoura:  Pontea^  consoledherMlfwith  the  coimideimtiou,  that 

eamefia,  and  Pelagea,  becauM  she  Troy  was  dMtined  to  Hm  again — that  their 

m  the  sea.    The  word  Venut  is  mce  wu  to  be  rMtored  to  tlie  land  of  Dar^ 

n  for  beaoty  and  love ;  also  for  danus,  and  there  become  the  rulera  of  the 

of  love— the  person  loved.    It  is  world.     This  lightened  her  sorrow,  and  aa- 

timM  for  any  Mnraal  pasiiion,  or  raaged  her  grief.     Here,  perhapa,  it  may  be 

QterooorM  of  the  sezes.  Imperiit:  Mked,  if  she  knew  that  the  future  glory  of 

•  of  poteniia.  the  Trojan  race  had  been  docreed  and  Biod 

ibus  pateie :  against  whom,  suf-  by  fate;  why  does  she  appear  to  ezprehs  *o 

many  deatha,  the  whole  world,  much  anxiety  and  Mlicitude  upon  tliat  sub- 

ject?     It  may  be  Mid,  that  the  oppoHitioii 

me:   henco— from  the  Trojans.  which  Juno  made  to  it,  might  niake  her 

probably,  as  Heyne  obMrven,  we  doubt,  and  her  mind  waver.     For.  Jupiter 

retand  JuliusCBsar,  and  Octavina.  alnnft  had  a  perfoct  inAf^Kl  uvVo  CxiX\k\vVl  %%iA 


176  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

ranj,  tristeoqiie   ruinas  Nunc  eadem  fortuna  viros  tot  casibus  mcttm 
"^j^  Inscquitur :  quein  das  finem,  rex  magm,  M 

«42.  Antenor  elapsofl  Antenor  potuit,  mediis  elapsus  Achivis, 

SuI^^peMuire     ^*"  •"*'  Illyricos  penetrare  sinus,  atque  intima  ttitus 
^  Regna  Libumorum  et  fontem  superare  Tioia 

Unde  per  ora  novem  vasto  cimi  murmure  mc 

It  mare  proruptum,  et  pelago  premit  arva  m 

Hic  tamen  ille  urbem  Patavt  sedesque  locairi 

Teucrorum,  et  genti  nomen  dedit,  armaque  i 

Troia  :  nunc  placidl  comp6stus  pace  quiesd 

S50.  No8,  quibui   tu  ^^^  ^"^  progenies,  ca^li  quibus  annuis  arrei 

anBuis  arceni  cceli,  na-  Navibus,  infanduml  amissis,  uniua  ob  iram 

▼ibas,     O     infandum !  Prodimur,  atque  Italis  longe  disjungimur  01« 

•^ssas  prodimy  pm-  Hic  pietatis  honos  ?     Sic  nos  in  sceptra  repMl 

«ito^  o     iram    unonis      q^  subridens  hominum  salor  atque  Deoni 

is^  Est-ne  hio  honos  ^ultu,  quo  coelum  tempestatesque  serenat, 
mmirm  pietatis  f  sic         Oscula  Ubavit  natae :  deiiinc  talm  fiitur : 

NOTES. 

the  rest  of  the  g^ods,  knew  no  more  than  he  neighboring  people  gtive  to  it 

was  pleased  to  reveal  to  them.    8ee  JEn.  sea.    It  was  forraed,  sajs  hei 

liL  251.  ence  of  nine  streams,  issuiiig 

It  is  said,  by  some,  that  Virgil  makes  even  tain.     It  is,  however,  at  the  p 

Jupiter  subject  to  fate  or  destiny.    But  fi-om  and  inconsiderable  stream,  u 

•everal  passages,  it  will  appear,  that  his  Adriatic,  noar  Ittria, 
notion  of  fate  was  truly  philosophical.    He        245.  IJnde :  whenc»— froa 

makes  fate  to  be  nothing  moire  than  the  de-  The  novem  ora^  1  take  to  i 

crees,  purposes,  or  counsels  of  Heaven,  pro-  streams  which  formed  the  n% 

nounced  by  the  mouth  of  Jove ;  as  the  ety-  many  channels,through  whiol 

mology  of  the  word  implies.    He  oflen  calls  sea.     Ot  signifies  tho  fountai 

destiny  Fata  deorum^  which  con  mean  no-  river,  as  well  as  its  mouth. 
thing  clse  than  the  Divino  decrees,  or  coun-        246.   //  .*    it  pours    along. 

sels.     And,  if  he  givo  to  fate  the  epithcts,  rough — swollen.     Premit  *    • 

inexpngnabiletLndiriexorabiU^he  muBimefin  luges.     Thompson    has  finel 

that  the  laws  and  ordcr  of  nature  are  fixed  his  ^  Winter,*'  this  doscripti 

and  unchangeable,  as  being  the  rcsult  of  mavus. 

Infinite  wisdom  and  foresight,  and  having         249.  Compdttiu :  by  syn.  i 

their  foundation  in  the  Divine  mind^  which  settled.     Fixit:   in  the  sen» 

ia  subject  to  none  of  those  changes  tliat  af-  JVo«.     Hore  Venus  spcaks  in 

fect  feeblo  and  orring  mortals.  iEneas  to  show  how  nearly  ( 

242.  Antenor,  He  was  a  noble  Trojan.  terest  at  heart.  Annuit :  i 
After  the  sack  of  Troy,  he  led  a  colony  of  promittit,  Thou  hast  prom 
Trojans,  and  Henetet^  a  people  who  came  deatli  he  should  be  receiv 
to  asKist  Priam,  and  lost  their  king,  in  quest  gods — should  be  deified.  A 
of  a  settlemcnt.  Af\er  various  toilsand  dis-  court  or  palace  of  hcaven. 
asters,  ho  arrivcd  at  the  headof  the  Adriatic,  251.  Infandum.  This  wo 
and  having  expclled  the  Euganes^  a  pcople  like  an  interposing  sigh,  whc 
inliabiting  between  the  Alps  and  the  sea,  he  the  most  moving  part  of  ] 
took  poKHcssion  of  their  country.  He  built  and  the  artful  pauses  in  thi 
a  city  called  .4n/enor^/i,  af\er  his  own  name.  following  lines,  together  w 
Some  say  hc  built  Patavium^  now  Padua.  manner  in  which  the  speech  \ 
The  whole  natiun  was  called  Veneti.  herquiteoverpoweredby  thei 

243.  Illiiricoa:  an  adj.  from  IUyricum,  an  Unius:  of  one,  to  wit,  Jun 
extensive  country  on  the  borders  of  the  we  are  given  up  to  destm 
Adriatic,  ovcr  against  Italy,  including  tlie  doomed  to  toils,  misfortunei 
ancientLt^ummandDa/ma/ia.  Penetrare:  through  the  resentment  ant 
in  the  sense  of  intrare,  Juno. 

S44.  Superare  /ontem  T\mavi:  to  pass  be-  253.  Honoa:  reward — ^reo 

Tond  thefountainof  Timavus.  Wearetold  254.  OUi:  for  i//t,  by  ant 

bv  Servius,  on  the  authority  of  Varro,  that  in  the  sense  of  pater. 

toe  Timavus  was  a  large  river,  and  the  256.  Libavit:   he  kissed 


.iiNElS.     LIB.  1.  m 

uctii^  C}therea:  nianeiit  iinmota  tuoniin 

*i  i   ccriic^  urbeiu  el  proniiMsa  Laviiii 

,  siibliinemque  feres  ad  sidera  cceU 

mnium  .€liieam  ,  neque  me  sententia  vertit.     260 

\n  n-ibor  enim,  quando  ho^  te  cura  remordet ;  261.  Hio  gwni  tanMm 

:s  et  volvens  fatoruin  arcana  movcbo)  beUam  tfi  Jtaii* 

ingens  geret  Italii,  populosque  feroces 

idet^  moresque  viris  et  mcenia  ponet : 

dum  Latio  rcgnantcm  viderit  sestas,  266 

fue  transterint  Rutulis  hyberna  subactis. 

r  Ascanius,  cui  nunc  cognomcn  liilo  267.    At  puer  Afca- 

r  (llu»  crat,  dum  res  stetit  Ilia  regno)  '      "'"••,.?"'  ^IJP^  *^«"°- 

^  1        r  'u  1.  men  liilo  additur,  eiple- 

a  magnos,  vol veiidis  mensibus,  orbes  bit  imperio  tri ginta  JL. 

0  explebit,  regnimique  ab  sede  Lavini  270  nos  orbes,  menBibuc 

eret,  et  longani  mult^  vi  muniet  Albam. 

n  tercentum  totos  recnabitur  annos  ^^    «^         n-     _^ 

,    ,w     ,       .      j       =>        .  ,  273.    Donec  llia,  re- 

Bub  Hectorei  ;  donec  regina  sacerdos  ^ina    sacerdoa,    grayi» 

gravis,  geminam  partu  da))it  Ilia  prolem.  Marte  dabit 

NOTES. 

ir.    The  naiiM  Kema  waagivento  268./iiarN;  theTrojanfitato.  f/ui;anadj 

Theooe  here  meant,  ia  the  daugh-  from  Ilium^  a  name  ofTroy.    See  1.  lupra. 

upiter  and  Dione,  but  ia  oden  con-  269.  Orbes:  in  tlie  seniie  of  annos, 

1  with  her,  who  aprung  fxom  the  270.  Imperio:  governineni — reign.     La 
'theeea.     8oe  229.  aupra.  vini:  bjr  apocope  for  Lavinii.    See  2.  fu- 
Meiu:  for  wuiuL     See  £cL  ▼.  29.  pra.     Vi:  labor — ■trength. 

■  :  Venus.  273.  Htclorea  gente :  under  a  Trojan  line. 

Fatar:  in  the  aenBe  of  dieam.  Af\er  the  building  of  Rome,  Alba  cuntinued 

Mocebo  areana :  I  will  unfold  the  ae-  for  a  considcrabie  time  an  iiidependent  gO" 

the  fates,  tracing  (wUvens)   them  vernment,  and  was  a  rival  of  the  new  city. 

»  a  great  distance  of  time.    Remor^  It  was  finally  destroyed  by  the  Romant,  aud 

nblea  you.  ita  inhabitants  transforred  to  Roiiie. 

Contundel:  m  the  senae  of  domabit.  274.  Ilta:  a  daughter  of  Numitor,  king 

in  the  aenae  of  Uga,  of  Alba  Longa.     She  is  called  reginoy  on 

Dum  teriia  aia»:  until  the  third  year  account  of  her  royal  dcscent.     She  was  oue 

e  hiiii,  &c.     The  meaning  is,  that  of  tlie  vestol  virgius,  and  for  that  roason 

sars  were  to  be  spent  in  the  wars  called  sacerdos,  or  pricstess.     Bcing  prcg- 

imus  aiid  the  Rutuli;  atthoexpira-  nant  {gravis)  by  Mars,  as  it  is  said,  sJie 

which,  havin»  subdued  his  enemies,  brought  forth  twins,  Romulus  and  Rcnius. 

should  commence  his  govemmcut  Aniulius,  having  expellod  his  brother  Nu 

im.     Dnm :  in  Uie  sense  of  donee,  mitor,  commaiidod  one  Faustus,  a  shephcrd, 

Tema  hjfberruL :  three  winters  shall  to  expose  the  childrcn  to  wild  bcasts,  that 

■sed,  the  Ruiuli  being  conquered.  they  inight  perish.     Insicad  of  which,  he 

Cut  nutu  cognotuen:  to  whom  now  took  them  home,  where  they  worc  nourislud 

naxne  of  lijlus  is  added.     This  cir-  by  Iiis  wife,  whose  name  was  Lupa.    Thia 

ice  is  thrown  in  to  show  the  origin  gave  rise  to  the  story  of  their  being  brouffht 

lulian  family,  and  tlie  occasion  of  up  by  a  wolf,  lupa  being  tlie  naiiio  of  that 

g  the  naroe  uf  Ilus^  to  liUus  or  Julius.  animal. 

(t  designs  this  as  a  coinplimont  to  Tho  children  grew  up,  and   whcn   «^ 

«rs.     liilussuccaeded  his  fatlier  in  becaiueacquaintcd  with  the  conductof  theif 

^mment,  and  reigned  thirty  years  at  uncle,  they  collcctod  a  band  uf  men,  ailack- 

jR.    He  built  jilba  Longa^  and  made  ed  him  in  his  palace,  slew  hini,  and  restorod 

at  of  his  goremment.     The  throne  Numitor  to  the  throne.     Aflorwards,  it  is 

id  fbr  three  hundred  years  by  a  suc-  said,  each  of  the  brothers  began  to  build  a 

of  Trojan  princes,  down  to  the  tiuie  city.     Remus  leaped  ovor  the  walls  of  the 

iloa.  Hefounded  Rome,  and  chang-  cily  founded  by  Romulus;  whereupon,  be- 

Mt  of  government  from  ^lba  Longa  ing  angry,  he  slew  him.    He  called  the  city 

BW  citj.     At  his  death,  the  line  of  Rome^  af\er  nis  own  name.     Romuius  waa 

m  was  changed,  aad  Atima  Pompi'  sofnetimee  called  Qutnnta,  from  QMwi,  t 

iM  and  virtnouB  prince  of  the  Sa-  Sabine  word,  which  signifies  a  «pear.    G§» 

iad  the  tiurooe.  minamproiem:  aimply,  twina. 

23 


178  P.  VIHGILII  MARONIS 

176.    Inde   Romulai  Inde  Inp©  fiiWo  nutricis  tegmine  Intut     ' 
l»tai  flilYo  tepmne  nu-  Romulus  excipiet  gentem,  et  Mavortia  coi4 
^^ei»  ap«  excipie  gen-  jyjjjjjjjjj^^  Romanosque  suo  de  nomine  diceL 

ftn  Dioei  ineoku  Ro-  ^^  ^S^  ^^  metas  rerum,  nec  tempora  poiM 
miBor  Imperium  sine  iine  dedi.     Qoin  aspera  Junc 

Quae  mare  nunc  terrasque  metu  cceluroque  i 
Consilia  in  melius  referet,  mecumque  Ibvebil 
Romanos  rerum  dominos,  gentemque  togati 
Sic  placitum.  Veniet,  lustris  labentibus,  ael 
Cum  domus  Assaraci  Phthiam  clarasque  Mj 
Servitio  premet,  ac  victis  dominabitur  Argis 
Nascetur  pulchri  Trojanus  oiigine  Ciesar, 
Imperium  Oceano^  famam  qui  terminet  aatrj 
188.  lUe  erii  Jalios,  Julius,  a  magno  demissum  nomen  liilo. 
*•■*•*  Hunc  tu  olim  coelo,  spoliis  Orientis  onustuo 

Accipies  secura :  vocabitur  hic  quoque  votv 
Aspera  tum  positis  mitescent  aaecula  bellis. 
Cana  Fides,  et  Vesta,  Remo  cum  fratre  Qu 

NOTES. 

S76.  Mavorha:  an  adj.  from  Mavort^  a  who  conquered  Aehaia;  an 

Bame  of  Man :  warlike — ^martial.    Mcaiia :  lius,  who  subdaed  Macedoni 

in  the  senBe  of  urbenu  *^rgit :  in  the  sing.  Argot^  ni 

278.  JVVc  0ono  mttat:  I  place  (preBcribe)  Argiy  mas.    It  waflaitaated 

to  them  neither  boundi  nor  duration  of  do-  from  the  aea,  on  the  Sinxu 

niinion.     The  Romane  had  a  belief  that  was  founded  by  Inachua,  18 

their  empire  would  always  contifTue,  whiie  Christ.     Vxi  inhabitants  we 

other  govemmente  wouJd  be  unst&ble  and  lici  and  Argivi :  by  synec.  pa 

fluctuating.  in  general.     Premei:  shall  i 

280.  Mdu :  through  fear  that  the  Trojans  tude — shall  subdue. 
would  nse  to  powor,  and  become  dangerous        286.  Pukhra :  in  the  sec 
to  her  dcar  Carthage  and  Argos.    Fatigat :  Ces&r,  a  Trojan  of  illustnoi 
tn  the  scnso  of  commovet.  2}t8.  J^omen  demittum :  i 

281.  In  meliut.    This  is  taken  adverbial-  from,  Sic. 

ly:  for  the  better.     Referret:  shall  change.  289.  7\tteeura:  you,  sui 

282.  Gtntem  togatam :  the  nation  of  the  him  heroafler.  Cesar  wai 
g^own.  The  toga^  or  gown,  was  the  distin-  four  triumphs  on  four  succe 
guishing  badgre  of  the  Romans,  as  the  pal-  this,  refcr  tho  words :  Onv 
/tum  was  that  of  tho  Grecks.  Rentm.  Ret  entit.  Cssar  recoived  divi 
signifies  powcr — rule — dominion.  In  the  dccree  of  the  scnatc. 
present  case  it  signifies,  tho  world.  291.  Atnera  taeula.     He: 

2>>3.  Sic  placitum :  thus  it  plcases  me —  to  the  golden  a?o ;  or,  at  le: 

this  is  my  pleasure — it  is  my  decrce.     The  vcrsal  peace  which  took  p! 

verb  at  i»  to  be  supplied.     ^tat  venit :  the  of  Augustus,  whon  the  tcmj 

time  shall  come,  ycars  having  passcd  away,  shut.    Mitetcent :  shall  gro 

when,  Slc.    Luttrum:  properly  the  pcriod  Atpera:  in  the  sense  ofdm 

of  four  years.     It  is  often  put  for  time  in  292.  Cami  Jidct.     The  n 

preneral.     ^Sltat :   in   the  senso  of  4empiu,  the  fidolity  of  former  times 

•kiia  tuttrit :  for  annit.  that  men  should  devote  nio 

284.  Domut  Attaraei.    By  this  we  are  to  to  the  servico  of  the  gods—l 

anderstand  the   Romons.     Assaracus  wos  be  no  more  civil  wars,  id 

tlie  son  of  Tros,  ond  brother  of  Ilus.     He  should  bo  armed  against  bn 

was  the  fatlier  of  Capys,  and  Capys  the  thet  eana  alludes  to  the 

father  of  Anchises,  the  father  of  J^neas,  which  was  represonted  witJ 

from  whom  the  Romans  dcscended.    Phthi-  denote  that  it  was  the  pe 

am.    This  was  a  city  of  Thossaly,  the  royal  former  times — the  golden  a( 

«eat  of  Achillcs.     Myeenat — Argit.     Thcse  Vetta^  Scrvius  says,  we  ar 

wore  cities  of  tho  Peloponnesus,  ovcr  which  rclipon.    Vcsta  was  the  dai 

Agamemnon   rcigned,    put,  by   syncc.   for  and  Ops.  the  goddess  of  fir 

C^reece  in  gcneral.     This  prophecy  was  ful-  of  the  vf^tal  virgins.     JEji 

fiUod  under  the  Roman  gonerals  Mummius,  who  introduced  her  mysti 


il^NElS.    LIB.  T. 


179 


dabunt  *  dine  ferro  et  compagibus  arctis 
Ckudentur  belli  port» :  Furor  iinpius  intus  294 

8«vft  sedens  super  arma,  et  centum  vinctus  ahenis 
PoBt  tergum  nodis,  fremet  horridus  ore  cruento. 

Hi.c  ait :  et  Maii  genitum  demittit  ab  alto  ; 
llt  terre,  utque  novce  pateant  Carth^ginis  arces 
Hospitio  Teucris :  ne  fati  nescia  Dido 
riniKN»  arceret.     Volat  ille  per  aera  magnum  900 

Kemigio  alarum,  ac  Libyce  citus  adstitit  oris : 
Bt  jam  jussa  &cit :  ponuntque  ferocia  Poeni 
iCorda,  volente  Deo :  imprimis  Regina  quietum 
Aecipit  in  Teucros  animum  mentemque  benignam. 

At  pius  i£neas,  per  noctem  plurima  volvens,  305 

Ut  primrim  lux  alma  data  est,*exire,  locosque 
Biplorare  novos  ;  quas  vento  accesserit  oras, 
1)111  teneant  (nam  inculta  videt)  hominesne,  feraene, 
Querere  constituit,  sociisque  exacta  referre. 
Chisem  in  convexo  nemorum,  sub  rupe  cavati,         310 
Arboribus  clausam  circum  atque  horrentibus  umbris, 
Oeculit :  ipee  uno  graditur  comitatus  Achate, 
Iba  manu  lato  crispans  hastilia  ferro. 
Ob  maler  media  sese  tulit  obvia  sylvl, 
^Tirginia  oe  habitumque  gerens,  et  virginis  arma  315 

%utanae :  vel  qualis  equos  Threissa  fatigat 

NOTES. 


295.  Et  vinctua  pott 
torgum  cym  caainm 
ahenia  nodis.  fVemot 


905.  Volvena  ammo 

306.  ConsUtuit  tiam^ 
explorareque  novoi  !•- 
coi»,  et  querere  ad  qaaa 
oras  aoeesscrit  vento ; 
qui  teneant  eat^  homi- 
nes-ne,  feriB-no  (nam 
videt  loea  inculta)  refer- 
reque  oxacta  fiociis.  Oc- 
culit  classom 

314.  Cui  mater  obvia 
tulit  se  medi&  sylva, 
gerens  os,  habitumque 

316.  Velerai/oitfqua- 
lis  Threissa 


'YW  PmUmdhm  of  Trov  was  supposed  to  be 
ni  hftr  temple ;  where  a  fire  was 


■Mtiii  11111/  kopt  barning  by  certain  virgins, 
\iAm  dodicatMl  thenunrves  to  her  service. 


wmm  another  goddess  of  the  same 
Irat  fenerally  confounded  with  Ceres^ 
C$kdie^  TeUut,  kc    The  word  Tet/a  is  fre- 
l^jinllj  used  for  fire,  by  roeton. 

naL  ^retiMCimpagibut:  with  close  joints 
^""-boond  iast  with  bars  of  iron. 

Pmria,  The  gates,  or  doors  of  the 
'tMpfe  of  Janus  were  open  in  time  of  war, 
'  sfaut  in  time  of  peace.  This  happoned 
/  three  tiroee  during  a  period  of  seven 
[Wadied  yean,  so  constantly  engaged  were 
Rooiaiie  in  the  work  of  death !  Impitu 
This,  Tumebus  thinks,  al]udes 
[^  Ike  ima^  of  warlikiS  rago  drawn  by 
,  and  dedieated  by  Augastus  in  tho 
rtrmn.  Bat  Gerroanus  thinks  it  alludcs 
*%  tki  statue  of  Mars,  which  the  Spartans 
ia  their  city,  boand  in  this  manner,  in 
of  brasB.    JVbdu:   in  the  sense  <^ 


ff7.  OemfiMi  Maid:  the  son  of  Maia. 
wae  the  son  of  Jupitor,  and  Maia, 
daof hter  of  Atlas.  See  Geor.  i.  336. 
NL  Ane»*  This  appcars  to  be  uscd  in 
«nw  ofufbi  :  that  the  country  and  city 
fftw  Carthagu  might  open  in  hospitality 
lo  Tmjine  might  reccive  them  kindly, 
them  with  hoepitality. 

by  the  motion  of 


his  wings.  Utent  alit  auatt  remti,  says 
Rusus.  The  motion  of  his  wings  is  beau- 
tifuHy  expressed ;  it  was  liko  tlie  motion  of 
oars  m  propelling  a  boat  forward. 

302.  P(Bni,  The  Carthaginians  were 
sometimcs  called  Potni^  or  Pkami^  from 
Phoinieia^  the  country  from  which  they 
came.     Corda  :  iu  tho  sense  of  animot. 

304.  Quietum  animum :  a  friendiy  mind, 
and  a  benevolent  disposition,  or  temper. 

306.  Data  ett :  iii  the  sense  of  orta  ett. 

309.  Exacta:  neu.  plu.  tlie  particulars  of 
his  discovery. 

BIO.  /n  convexo.  The  place  whcre  £neoe 
moored  his  fleet,  lay  in  a  circular  form, 
nearly  surrounded  by  a  grove.  Hcre  they 
could  be  in  safety,without  fcar  ofdiscovery. 
The  words  eonvexut  and  ronrarti«  arc  some* 
times  used  for  each  otlicr,  which  KHcm!)  to  be 
the  case  here;  the  formcr  propcrly  Mgiiily- 
ing  the  oxtcrior  of  a  round  Huriaoc;  tlie 
lattcr  the  intcrior.  Horrentibu»  :  deep- 
thick  shades.  Uno :  in  tlie  scnso  of  toiom 
See  iEn.  iv.  451. 

313.  Critpans :  in  the  scnse  of  yuattoiu. 
Lato  ferro :  of  a  broad  barl),  or  pomt. 

316.  Spnrtawr.  The  Spartan  virgins 
were  traincd  to  all  kinds  of  nianl/  oxerci- 
scs,  Ruch  as  running,  wrcstling,  throwing 
thc  quoit  and  javelin,  riding  and  huntin^ 
wliich  is  thereason  that  the  poet  attires 
VenuB  in  their  habit,  or  dress.  Ot :  in  the 
senso  of  tuUwn. 


«M  P.  VIRGlLli  MAAONIS 

Harpalyce,  ?olucreinque  fugi  pnevertitur  Eur 
Namque  humeris  de  more  liabilem  suspendeni 
Venatrix,  dederatcjue  comam  diffundere  ventii 
Nuda  genu,  nodoque  sinus  collecta  fluentes. 
Ml.  Ac  iUa  prior  in-  Ac  prior,  Ileus,  inquit,  juvenes,  monstrate,  m 
quit :     Heufl,    juyenes,  Vidistis  si  quam  hic  errantem  forte  sonirum, 

S^STn,?!!:;  «!!« JI»"!!'  Succinctam  pharetra  et  maculos»  tegmine  lyi 
torle  quam  meaniin  lo-    .  '.  .  i  ' 

ronim  urrantem  Mc,iuc*  ^"^  spuniantis  apn  cursum  clamore  premente 

einctam  pharetrft  Sic  Venus  :  at  Veneris  contra  sic  filius  omj 

Nulla  tuarum  audita  mihi,  neque  visa  soronin 
»7.  Mortalis  vultus  O,  quam  te  niemorem,  Virgo  ?   namque  haud 

haud  et/  tibi,  nec  tua  Mortahs,  nec  vox  hominem  sonat.     O  Dea  C4 

An  Pha^bi  soror,  an  Nym|^arum  sanguinis  ui 

^*^    Qu©cunque  et,  gig  feWx^  nostrumque  leves  quaecunque  labore 
'  £t  quo  sub  ca^lo  tandem,  quibus  orbis  in  orii 

Jactemur,  doceas  :  ignari  hominumque  locor 
Erramus,  vento  huc  et  vastis  fluctibus  acti. 
Multa  tibi  ante  aras  nostri  cadet  hostia  dextt 
Tum  Venus  :  haud  equidem  tali  me  dignoi 
Virginibus  Tyriis  mos  est  gestare  pharetrani« 
Pur])ureoque  alte  suras  vincire  cothumo. 
Punica  rcgna  vides,  Tyrios,  et  Agenoris  urbl 
Sed  fines  Libyci,  genus  intractabile  bello 

NOTES. 

31*7.  Harpaljfce  :   a  celebrated  Amazon,  sound  (like)  a  human  beini 

■ald  to  haTe  rescued  her  father,  who  had  indicate  you  to  be  mortal.   Hi 

been   taken  in    battle  by  the  Gela.     The  ly  either  a  man  or  woman — a 
comparison  here  is  simply  between  the  habits        329.  ^n  soror  Photbi :  art  1 

of  Venus,  and  those  of  Harpalyce.    Eurum,  of  Phcebus,  or  one  of   the 

Many  copics  read  Hehrum;  but  there  ap-  nymphs.^     See  Ecl.  iv.  10. 

pears  a  manifest  incon^ruity  in  it.     It  can  to  be  supplied. 
hardly  be  supposed,  that  the  poet,  describing        330.  Felix:  kind — propitic 

the  8wif\ne8s  of  hcr  spced,  should  say  that  the  sense  of  regione.     Orbit  i 

ihe  could  outride  the  course  of  a  river,  ho'w-  or  earth. 
ever  rapid  it  might  be.     In  that  thero  could        334.  Multa  hostia :  many  t 

be  no  difficulty.     Besides,  the  epithet  volu'  fall  for  you  before  the  altars. 
erem^  is  not  very  applicable  to   a    river.         335.  Haud  me  dignor:  1  6 

Eurum  is  certainly  the  bcst  reading;  itis  the  myself  worthy,  frc. 
language  of  poetry,  while  Hebrum  is  not.        338.  Urbem  Agenori» :  Carl 

Puga :  in  the  sense  of  eursu,  by  Dido,  a  desccndant  of  Ag 

320.  J^uda  genu^  &c.  This  is  a  Grecism :  rcgna :  the  kingdom,  or  realn 
naked  as  to  her  knee^  and  coUected  as  to  hcr  It  is  distinguished  from  the 
fiowing  robe  in  a  knoi,  See  Ecl.  i.  55.  The  callcd  Urbs  Jigenori»,  Pw 
meaning  is,  that  she  had  her  knee  naked,  from  Pani^  or  Phani, 

and  her  fiowing  robe  coUected  in  a  knot.  339.  Fines  Libjfci:  the  coi 

Sinus :   the  folds  of  a  garment ;    also   the  Libyei :  an  adj.  from  Libya^ 

garment  itself,  by  syncc.    Ifodo :   nodus  is  Jines,      Libya  was   properly 

Eroperly   any  thmg   that   binds  or  ties. —  Africa  bordering  upon  Egyf 

lence,  a  girdle,  or  belt — a  knot,  &c.  but  is  frcquentiy  used  for  any 

321.  ^uam:  in  the  sense  of  a/i^uam.  or  Africa  in  gcneral.     Gent 
323.  Tegmine,    It  was  a  custom  among  a  race  fierce  in  war.    The 

the  ancients  for  hunters  to  wear  the  skin  of  extended  thcir  conquests  wi 

•ome  one  of  the  animals,  they  had  killed.  rapidity,  and  wcre  the  only  ; 

Prementem :  pursuing.  peared  to  dispute  the  empin 

3S5.  Orsus :  part  of  the  verb  ordior :  he  with  the  Romani .    Their  m 

bafan.     The  verb  est  ia  understood.  final  ruin,  were  owing  moi 

^27.  Quam  te  memorem.^  whom  fhall  I  party  spirit  and  civil  cabal 

tallyuu?  arma  of  the  Romaiia.    8« 

SA  Jfet  tms  $onai:  nor  doof  yoor  voice  Art  Carthage. 


iENEIS.    UB.  1. 


181 


io  Tyrii  regit  urbe  profecta,  340 

giens:  longa  est  injuria,  longse 

d  summa  sequar  fastigia  rcrum. 

Sichseus  erat,  ditissimus  agri 

;  magno  miserae  dilectus  amore  : 

ictam  dederat,  primisque  jugarat 

!d  regna  Tyri  germanus  habebat 

:clere  ante  alios  immanior  omnes. 

edius  venit  furor  :  ille  SichKum, 

ras,  atque  auri  cax;us  amore, 

cautum  superat,  securus  amorum  350 

.ctumque  diu  celavit ;  et  a*gram, 

simulans,  van4  spe  lusit  amantem. 

imnis  inhumati  venit  imago 

.  modis  attollens  pallida  mirb  : 

;,  trajectaque  pectora  ferro  355 

umque  domOs  scelus  omne  retexit. 

!  fugam,  patri^que  excedere  suadet : 

viae  vctcres  tellure  recludit 

;notum  argenti  pondus  et  auri. 

,  fugam  Dido  sociosque  parabat.  360 

^uibus  aut  odium  crudele  tyranni, 

;er  erat :  naves,  quae  forte  parata^, 

nerantque  auro :  portantur  avari 

Dpes  pelago  :  dux  fcemina  £icti. 

NOTES. 


344.   Diieottu  niagiM 
3^^  amoro  miMnB  Didimu 
346.  Dederat  nmi  ia- 
tactara 


349.  Ule  impiufi  atqua 
cecus  amore  auri,  clam 
suporat  Sichtpum  forro 
ante  araa  incautum 

352.  lUt  malus  sirou* 
lans  multa  lusit  egram 
amantem 


358.  Recluditque  ve- 
teres  thesauros,  dtpontot 
in  tellure  lanquam  aux- 
ilium  vie,  i(riiotum  pon- 
dus 

361.  Omnet  conveni- 
unt,  quibus  erat,  aut 
crudele 


the  name  of  a  Tynon  prin- 

beautiful,  or  well-belovcd. 
RegU  impaium:  manages 
t. 

u  longa:  the  circumstances 
idious.  Seqitar  tiimma  /asti' 
will  nientiun  only  tlie  cliicf 
isiiicss — I  will  trace  only  the 

afTair.  Ruoeus  takes  tequar 
perMlringam. 

ominibus :    wiih    the    first 
alludes  to  a  custom  amonfr 

conHulting  the  omcns  in  all 
;oncems  of  life,  before  thcy 
them,  to  soe  if  they  would 
il  or  not.     Jngdrat :  by  myn. 

Cui:  to  whom,  to  wit,  Si- 
am:    adhue   virginem^    says 

jr  teelere  ante :  groat  in  wick- 
II  others.  The  comp.  w  hcre 
so  of  the  pos. 

a.  He  was  the  priest  of  Her- 
in  dignity  next  to  royalty. 
Fyj^malion  came  upun  Si- 
tediy,  while  ho  was  otficia- 
r,  and  slew  him.  This  cir- 
itly  adds  to  the  atrocity  of 
•or :  in  the  senso  of  odium, 
itween   Sicheus    aiid    Pyg- 

.  reganlless  of  the  love  of 
•vl    in  tlie  sense  of  interfteit. 


352.  ^gram  amantem:  tho  afflicted,  or 
disconsolato  lover.  Lusit:  deceived^-do- 
ludcd. 

353.  Inhumati.  Aocordinjgr  to  tlieir  sys- 
tem  of  religion,  the  shades  of  those,  who 
wcre  unburied,  must  wander  a  hundred 
years,  before  they  could  be  at  rest.  Tho 
circumstance  of  PygmaIion*s  Icaving  tho 
hody  of  Sicheeus  unburied,  in  this  view, 
grcatly  heishtous  the  onormity  of  the  crime 
first  committed.  Imago:  in  the  sonse  of 
umbra. 

354.  Conjugit,  Conjux  is  either  a  hus- 
band  or  a  wifu ;  hcre  the  formcr.  Palltda : 
pale  in  a  wonderful  manner.  Ot:  in  the 
senso  of  vultunu 

356.  J^Tudavit :  laid  bare  the  crue!  altars, 
at  which  he  was  slain.  Rttexit :  disclosed 
— brought  to  light. 

358.  Recludit:  shows,  or  opens  to  her, 
&c.  Justin  tolls  us  that  Sichieus,  for  fear 
of  the  king,  buried  his  money  in  the  carth, 
fbaring  to  kcep  it  in  his  house ;  but  no  one 
knew  the  place  of  its  dcposit  during  hif 
lifc. 

362.  Paratm.  Tyre,  being  a  groat  com- 
mcrcial  city,  in  the  ordinary  course  of  bnai- 
nc8R,  many  sliips  might  be  preparcd  and 
rcady  for  sou.  The  verb  nait  is  to  be  sup- 
plicd. 

3f^4.  Opes  oron,  kc  Either  the  woaltb 
of  SichiRus,  which  Pygmalion  now  imagin- 
cd  his  own ;  or  along  wiUi  Vi,«e  UuBV>aLfid?% 


4 


|%)2  P-  VIRGUJI  HARONIS 

365.  ///(  deYendre  ad  Deven^re  locos,  ubi  nunc  ingentia  cernes 
locos,  ubi  Moenia,  surgentemque  novae  Carthaginis 

367.  Mercati  tuni  bo-  Mercatique  solum,  facti  de  nomine  Byrsam, 
Xum^dietum  Byraam  de  Taurino  quantum  possent  circumdare  tergo. 
"^"r  *  uimtum  ^^Ti  ^®^  ^^^  ^"'  tandera  ?  quibui  aut  venistis  ab  oi 
^369.  'seTtandSmrqui  Qu^ve  tenetis  iter?  Quoerenti  tolibus  ille 
tiiit  voi  f  Suspirans,  imoque  trahens  a  pectore  vocem : 

370.    Illo    suspirans,  O  Dea,  si  primi  repetens  ab  origine  pei^gam, 
trahensque  vocem  i  pec-  gt  yacet  aHnales  nostrorum  audire  laborum ; 

!r«r,r  JS^J!  Ante  diem  clau30  componet  vesper  Olympo. 
^^  Nos,  Troja  antiqua,  si  vestras  forte  per  aures 

376.  Tempestas   luik  Trojae  nomen  iit,  diversa  per  sequora  vectoe, 
forte  appulit  Libycis  orii  Forte  su^  Libycis  tempestas  appulit  oris. 
noi  vectoB  per  diverwi  gum  piyg  ^noas,  raptos  qui  ex  hoste  Penatei 
^uora  ab  antiqua  Tro-  ^^^^^  ^^^^  mecum,  faml  super  ffithera  notui 
380.  Meum  genui  et/  Italiam  qusro  patnam  ;  et  genus  ab  Jove  sui 
ab  Bis  denis  Phi^^gium  conscendi  navibus  aequor 

Matre  Dei  monstrante  viam,  data  iata  secutu 

Vix  septem  convulss  undis  Euroque  supersui 

Ipse  ignotus,  egens,  Libyse  deserta  peragro, 

386.  Nec  Venus  pasia  Europ^  atque  Asii  pulsus.     Nec  plura  querc 

ett  etim  querentem  plura  p^  y^^^^ .  ^^^^  ^^  interfata  dolore  esf 

NOTES. 

money,Didotookthetrea8ureofherbrother,  opened  it.    CUtuto  Olympo : 

and  fled  with  it  to  Africa.  closed.     Olympui  ii  a  mounti 

367.  Mercati  tolum^  &c.     This  passage  ly.     The  ancienti  lupposed  il 

hatli  been  difierently  interpreted.    Donatus  the  heavens :  from  which  circ 

ezplains  it,  of  the   money  being  made  of  poeti  placed  upon  it  the  cou 

buirs  leather,  with  which  she  purchased  tho  It  is  about  a  mile  and  a  half 

ground   {tolwrn)  for  the  city.     Othcrs  say,  pus  is  oftcn  put  for  lieaven. 
that  she  cut  ihe  hide  into  very  small  strings,        376.  lit :  hath  reached,  or  i 
and  by  connecting  them  together,  surround-        377.  Sud/orte,     Ruobus  saj 

"^    od  twenty-two  tladia,  or  furlongs.     Neither  Sua  vt,  says  Minelius. 

of  these  appcars  to  be  the  truo  solution.        378.  Penattt:  properly,  hc 

The  language  of  the  Phcenicians  was  a  dia-  See  Geor.  ii.  505.     In  tlie  i 

lect  of  the  Hebrew,  in  which  language  the  Alneas  savcd  his  Penaiet  fron 

word  Botra  mcans  a  fortification,  or  forti-  the  Greeks,  and  took  them  i 

fted   place.      The    Greeks,   mistaking   this  of  his  advcntures.  See  iEn.  ii 

meaning  of  the  word,   or  overlooking  it,  ra :  a  Greek  acc.  in  the  sensi 
■upposod,  from  the  similarity  of  the  words,         380.  ^uaro  Italiam :    I  8< 

that' it  was  the  same  with  their  Byrta^which  country :  my  descent  (jrenut] 

meaos  a  bulPs  hide.     Virgil  followed  the  supreme.     Dardanus  was  ai 

common  received  opinion.    Mereati :  they  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Tr< 

bought  tho  ground,  which  they  called  Byrta^  was  the  son  of  Jove. 
from  the  namo  of  the  deod,  &c.     This  story        381.    Bit  denit  navilnu: 

of  the  buirs  hide,  Mr.  Rollin  observes,  is  ships.    ^quor:  in  the  sense 

Bow  generally  exploded.     It  appears,  how-  porly,  any  level  surface,  wl 

•ver,  that  Dido  was  to  pay  the  Africans  an  water. 

annual  tribute,  aa  a  quit  rent,  for  the  land        332.  Seeuiutfata  data :  fol 

which  ohe  purchased.     This  the  Carthagi-  crees  of  the  gods  made  in  mj 

nians  aflorward  refused  to  do,  which  was  \^g  ^^  decreos,  &c 

373.  ijo.,.:  and  there  .hou.d  b. !«,„.  ^^^ ^^^^^  ^^T^,  ^^, 
to  you  to  hear,  sc  .    /•     «u 

374.  AnnaUt:  in  the  sense  of  Mf/orto;«.  *?'""  ^°^  ^^^  ^^^ 
Ctmiponet :  the  evening  star  shall  shut  up  the  3^4.  Ignotut :  a  stranger. 
day,  before  I  shall  have  done  my  story.  This  386.  Interfata  ett :  sbo  th' 
if  an  allusion  to  the  opinion  that  night  shut  him  in  the  midst  of  his  gri 
or  tealed  up  tho  gata  of  hoayeu,  and  tbe  day  bear  the  piteoua  stoiy  no  loni 


;EN£IS.     UB.  I. 


183 


t 

r 


1 

I 

? 

f 


fAawiuis  M  iittud  credo,  invisi^  ccelestibus  auras 
vililes  carpiA,  Tyriam  qui  adveneris  urbem. 
Vnire  modd,  atque  iiinc  te  Rcginae  ad  limina  perfer. 
Ntmque  tibi  reduces  socios  classemque  rolatam 
Nuntio,  et  in  tutum,  versis  Aquilonibus,  actam : 
N  frustra  augurium  vani  docuere  parentes. 
Aipice  bis  senos  JTetantes  agmine  cycnos, 
iiEthere^  quos  lapsa  plaga  Jovis  ales  uperto 
IWkabat  ccelo :  nunc  terras  ordine  loiigo 
Aut  capere.  aut  captas  jam  despectare  videntur 
Vi  reduces  ilLi  ludunt  stridentibus  alis, 
Ct  ccctu  cinxerc  polum,  cantusque  ded^re  : 
Haud  aliter  puppesque  tuae,  pubesque  tuorum 
Aut  portum  tenet,  aut  pleno  subit  ostia  velo. 
Perge  modd,  et,  qua  te  ducit  via,  dirige  gressum 

Dixit :  et  avcrtens  rosea  cervice  refulsit, 
Ambrosisque  coms  divinum  vertice  odorem 
Spiravere ;  |>edes  vcstis  defluxit  ad  imos, 
Et  vera  incessu  patuit  Dea.     IUe,  ubi  matrem 
Agnovit,  tali  fugientem  est  voce  secutus  : 
Quid  natum  toties  crudelis  tu  quo(|ue  falsis 
Ludis  imaginibus  ?  cur  dextrs  jungere  dextram 
NoD  datur,  ac  veras  audire  et  reddere  voces  ? 
Tdibus  incusat,  gressumque  ad  mcenia  tendit. 
Ax  Venus  obscuro  gradientes  aere  sepsit, 
Gt  multo  nebul®  circum  Dea  fudit  amictu 


390 


387.  QuiBqaiies,haud 
crcdo,  ut  tu  carpiB  yita- 
les  aura«,  invLBue  cfl»- 
lestibuB,  (}ui 

390.  Nuiitio  tibi  socioa 
esse  roducRft,  claraeinqaa 
rclatain  esse,  el  actaiii 
iu  tutum  loeum 

394.  Quo8  alei  Jovii 
395  l&psa  ex  aithoroa  pimK& 
turbabat 


400 


405 

407.  Quid  tu  qaoqu«, 
O  crudelis  maier^  totiM 
iudis  natum  falsis 

410      410.  Ille  incusat  eam 
talibus  verbis 


NOTES. 


387«  CtdeMtibut :  in  the  sense  of  mperit. 
388.  CarpiM :  jou  brcathe  the  vital  air,  &c. 
390l    lUdtieet :  retumed  safe— brought 


JVt  parenies  vani :  unless  my  parents 
VwUy  taught  me  divination  in  vain — to  no 
Unless  through  a  love  of  vanity 
CMt«ntation,  they  taught,  Sic,  Hejne 
that  a  pereon  may  be  called  vanut^ 
who  prooiises  what  he  cannot  perform,  or 
profciies  a  false  or  useless  doctrine.  ^etam: 
m.  Uie  sense  of  proveeiam, 

SM.  Aiet  Jooit:  the  bird  of  Jove— the 
•aglo.  JSEiherea  plagd:  from  the  etherial 
ngMB.  Agmine:  iii  a  fiock.  Turbaii: 
pvnued— «hascd. 

998.  Ifvne  videniur:  now  they  soem  to 
dBoo—  the  ground  where  to  alight,  in  a 
Imw  train  :  or  to  look  down  upon  it  chosen 
HM  selected.  By  alighting,  they  would  be 
Mi  of  danger  from  Uioir  pursuer. 

307.  Redueet :  in  the  sense  of  iuii,  Siri' 
^kmHbuM :    flapping^making    a    whizzing 

388.  Dedvre :  in  the  senae  of  emiteruni. 
tiM ;  the  same  in  sense  with  iui 
Cimxere  polum:  and  have  made  a 
m  the  beavens  in  company.  Polut^ 
ii  properly  the  pole ;  but  by  synec.  is  often 
pot  finr  tho  whole  heavon,  or  any  part  there* 
Fowla  in  a  fiock  uaually  fly  aronnd,  ma- 
or  more  circles  in  the  air  before 


they  alight.    By  doing  this,  they  descend 
with  more  ease  and  safety. 

403.  Ambrosm:  an  adj.  from  ambrotia^  the 
food  of  the  gods,  according  to  the  poets ; 
perfumed  with  ambrosia.  Veriiee:  in  the 
sense  of  capite,  Spiravere :  in  tlie  sense  o£ 
emiseruni, 

405.  Pahiit  vera  Dea,  The  poet  here 
mentions  four  cliaracteristicB  of  divinity : 
hor  rosy-colored  neck — ^her  ambrosial  locks 
— her  long  ilowing  robe,  (which  she  had 
gathorcd  up  in  a  knot  to  prevcnt  discovery,) 
and  her  gait,  or  motion.  It  was  the  opi- 
nion  of  the  ancients  that  their  divinitios  did 
not  move  upon  the  ground,  but  giided  along 
the  surface  with  a  regular  motion.  By 
these  signs,  ^neas  knew  hcr  to  be  Venus, 
whom  he  had  hitherto  taken  for  a  Lybian 
virgin.     Foce :  in  tlie  sense  of  verbit, 

408.  Ludit :  in  the  sense  of  deeipie 
Imaginibut :  forms — figures.  Vercu:  trae 
— real — not  diBsembled. 

411.  Gradienies:  eo«  is  understood.  The 
poet  here  hath  in  his  view  that  passage  of 
the  Odyfwey,  whore  Pallas  sprcads  a  veil  of 
air  around  Uiysses,  and  renders  him  invi- 
sible. 

412.  Cireumfudit.  The  parU  of  tlie 
verb  are  separated  by  Tmeais,  for  tho  sake 
of  the  verse :  she  surroanded  them  with 
the  thick  garment  of  a  cloud,  t  lat  no  one 


194  r.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Cernere  ne  quis  eos,  neu  «luis  contingeTO  poM 
Molinve  moram,  aut  veniendi  poscere  causas. 
Ipsa  Paphum  sublimis  abit,  sedesque  revisit 

416.  Ubl  eti  tmplum  L^ita  suas  ;  ubi  templum  illi,  centumque  Sabi 
'"*  Thure  calent  arie,  sertisque  recentibus  halant 

Corripuere  viam  interea,  qua  semita  monsti 
Jamque  ascendebant  collem,  qui  plurimus  urli 
Imminet,  adversasque  aspectat  desuper  arces. 
Miratur  molem  i£neas,  magalia  quondam  : 
Miratur  portas,  strepitumque  et  strata  viarum 

4t3.  Pam  tiMlal .  du-  Instant  ardentes  Tyrii :  pars  ducere  muros, 

Molinque  arcem,  et  manibus  subvolvere  saxa 
Pars  optare  lucum  tecto,  et  concludere  sulco. 
Jura  magistratusque  legunt,  sanctumque  sena 
Hic  portus  alii  eflbdiunt :  hic  alta  theatris 
Fundamenta  locant  alii,  immanesque  columna 

4S9.  Ezcidiintque  im-  Rupibus  exciduiit,  scenis  decora  alta  futuris. 
Boanet  columnas  i  rupi-  Qualis  apes  ajstate  nova  per  florea  rura 

"JJ"^'*!*' Jr  uk^.  ..*  Excrcet  sub  sole  labor,  cum  gentis  adultoa 
43U.  JLorum  laDor  e«i  ,.  ,  „  .     v      1«      ^*  n 

UUitn  quaiis  exercei  apoM  Lducunt  f(£tus,  aut  cum  nqiientia  mella 

Stipant,  et  dulci  distendunt  nectare  cellas  ; 
Aut  onera  accipiunt  venientQm,  aut,  agmine  1 
Ignavum,  fucos,  pecus  a  prflpsepibus  arcent. 
Fervet  opus,  redolcntque  thymo  fragrantia  in 

NOTES. 

414.  Molin:  to  causo— make.  424.  MoUri:  to  erect— boi] 

415.  Paphum:  a  city  of  Cyprus,  an  425.  Pars  aptare:  a  part  (', 
ialand  in  tho  north-eastem  part  of  the  Mo-  on)  to  eelect  the  ground  for  bu 
diterranean  sca,  dcdicatcd  to  Venus.  Vcrbs  and  to  mark  it  out  by  a  furro^ 
of  motion  to  a  place  have  the  acc.  af\or  andlayoif  thestreetsandsqua 
tliom.  426.  Legunt:    in  the  seni 

416.  Sabceo  thure  :  with  Arabian  frank-  Jura:  hy  meton.  tlie  courts  o 
Incense.  Sabao:  an  adj.  from  Saba^  a  place  where  justice  is  a*dmini 
country  of  Arubla  Fclix,  abounding  in  chooBe  the  place  for  thc  courtg 
frankincense.  Hli :  for  her — in  honor  of  427.  TheatrU :  for  the  theati 
her.  for  public  exhibitions. 

417.  Halant:  emit  odour  from  freeh  g^ar-  429.  Excidunt:  they  cut,  o 
lands — wreatliH  of  floweni.  Calent :  bum  430.  J^ova  cutaU :  in  the 
^-are  hot.  suminer. 

419.  Co//em.     Thishill  was  probably noar  431,  Sub  tole:  for  perdiem 

the  city,  from  the  top  of  which  the  whole  Educunt :    lead  out.     Liquc 

eity  appeared  in  full  view.    It  seems  that  it  sense  of  pura,    This    Bne  \ 

rose  above  the  walls,  so  that  you  looked  the  industry  of  the  Carthagi: 

down  upon  it  from  above.    Imminet :  iin-  ing  tho  buildings  of  thcir  c' 

pende—overlooks.     P/urtmia:  in  tbesense  works  of  improvemcnt,  to  th 

of  vtMi^  or  maximi,    mirees :  in  the  sense  siduity  of  the  bees  in  collecti 

•f  iurres,  arranging  tho  business  of  the 

421.  Miratur  moiem :  he  wonders  at  the  from  flomcr,  who  compares  t 
magnitude  of  the  city,  where  there  were  of  the  Grecian  troops  froni  t 
onee  only  cottages.  tcnts,  to  the  issuing  of  bces  fr 

422.  Strata  xwrum :  the  paved  work  of  433.  Stipant :  tliey  lay  up  t 
ihe  streets — causeways.  Cella*:  the  comb. 

423.  ArdenteM.  An  adj.  or  part.  closely  435.  Areenl :  they  drive  £ 
connectcd  with  a  verb  is  more  elegantly  the  drones,  an  idle  herd.  ' 
translated  by  its  corresponding  advcrb.  niale  bces.  See  Geor.  iv. 
7\/rii  ardenle*  instant :  the  Tyrians  cagerly  faeto :  a  battalion  bcing  form 
push  on  the  work.  The  ardentes  strongly  436.  Opus  fenct :  thc  worj 
marks  tlioir  zeal  and  activity.  Dueere :  in  on.  It  is  a  mclaphor  takon  fr 
iae  nense  of  extendere*  nf  watnr. 


/ENGIS     T.IB.  L 


(i,  quonim  jani  moBnia  surgunt !  ^ 

l :  et  (kfitigia  suspicit  urbis. 
leptus  nebulft,  mirabile  dictu, 
)&,  miacetque  ?iris :  neque  cemitur  uJli.       441) 
in  urbe  fuit  mcdii,  Istissimus  umbra  ; 
um  jactati  undis  et  turbine  Pobni 
ixx>  sigiium,  quod  regia  Juno 
it,  caput  acrifl  equi :  sic  nam  fore  bello 
,  et  (acilem  victu  per  saecula  gentem  445 

lum  Junoni  ingens  Sidonia  Dido 
,  donb  opulentum  et  numine  Divs : 
gradibus  surgebant  limina,  nexseque 
39 :  fbribus  cardo  stridebat  ahenis. 
um  in  luco  nova  res  oblata  timorem  450 

ic  pnmum  iEneas  sperare  salutem 
afflictis  melius  confidere  rebus. 
sub  ingenti  lustrat  dum  singula  templo, 
opperiens ;  dum,  quae  fortuna  sit  urbi, 
que  manus  inter  se  o|>erumque  laborem       455 
videt  Iliacas  ex  ordine  pugnas, 
jam  fam&  totum  vulgata  per  orbem  ; 
i^riamumque  et  «evum  ambobus  Achillem. 
et  lachrymans :  Quis  jam  locus,  inquit,  Achate^ 

NOTES. 


44S.  Qao  loco  P«n 
jactati  undia,  ei  turbine 
primuiii     effod^re    fig- 
num,  nempe  caput  aens 
equi 

444.  Nam  sic  montint' 
vU  goniem  fore  ofregi*' 
am  beilo,  et  facilem  vip* 
tu  per  ■ecula 


pfi  tiefore :  for  thus  (by  thia  ngn) 
i  that  the  nation  ^hould  be  illua- 
&r,  and  yictorioue  through  ages 
conquer  through  ages.  Rueus 
''aciUm  vietu^  bjr  aplam  vivere  eUer^ 
leriving  vic/u  from  trtvo,  1  iive. 
Lh  more  propriety,  derive  it  from 
nquer;  making  the  meauing  to 

0  conquer  through  ages — victo- 
e  supine  in  u  hath  boUi  an  active 
'0  signihcation ;  but  most  fre- 
\  latter.  The  former  is  the  mean- 
place. 

lonia :  an  adj.  from  Sidofh  a  fa- 

of  Phcsnicia,  not  far  to  tho  north 

ubject  to  the  same  govemmont. 

d, 

mine  Dica :  with  the  presence  of 

ut.     By  tliis  we  are  probably  to 

1  some  rich  statue  of  the  goddess, 
Bt  up  in  the  temple. 

t  mrea  Hmina:  to  which  the  bra- 
lold  roee  in  steps,  &c. — whose 
ishold,  icc  Cltt  .*  in  the  sense  of 
( is  common  with  Virgil. 

ibes:  those  most  probab]jr  were 
tosts,  which  were  framod  or  fas- 
ther  with  brasF. 

'\fidere :  in  the  senso  of  tperare^ 
s.  Ctepit  nune  habere  magi*  fidu- 
^ortuntF^  beni  de  ea  sperare^  says 

^la,  Singuli  properly  mcans 
>ne  by  one,     OwmiM  signifies  all^ 


coUectivoly  or  indiyidually.     Cimefuf»  mU 
by  parts,  and  umvernu^  the  tcAe/e. 

454.  Opperient:  waiting  for  the  queen. 
Dum  miralur:  whila  he  wondera  at  tho 
fortune  of  the  city ;  and  at  the  skii!  of  the 
artists,  and  the  difficulty  of  the  work,  {inier 
te^)  by  tums.  Rueus  refers  Uie  inter  te  to 
the  hands  of  the  worknicn,  agrccing  with  ^ 
one  anotlior,  manut  art\ficum,  In  tliis  caso 
the  sonse  wiJl  be :  he  contemplates  the  skill 
displayed  in  the  workmanNhip  and  tho  mag- 
nitude  of  the  work  by  turas — he  comparoi 
them  togethor.  Bui  La  Cerda  observos, 
that  by  manut  artifieumy  the  skiU  of  tho  art- 
ists,  we  are  probably  to  undorstand  tho 
painUngs  of  the  Trojan  battle8,and  tho  othet 
events  of  that  war,  which  £nca»  naw  on  his 
entering  the  temple,  and  whirh  ornaiiiented 
its  Halb:  while  operum  taboran^  mny  refer 
to  the  temple  itself — the  inagnitudn,  and 
diiBculty  of  rearing  such  a  magnificent  edi- 
fice.  Foriuna:  Uiis  Ruibus  interprcts  by 
/eliettat,  Jdanm:  properly  the  haiid:  bj 
meton.  art,  skill. 

456.  Fidei,  Iliaeat  pupnat,  Dr.  Tmpp. 
obscrves,  thore  never  was  a  finer  pifiun;  ol 
a  picture  than  this.  Virgil  iii  a  few  verycs. 
selects  the  most  striking,  aiid  bi>aiilifui 
scenes  in  the  Iliad,  proper  for  thc  puinler. 

458.  Atridat:  acc.  plu.  ofAtridtr,  tlir  ><otii 
of  Atreus,  Agamemnon,  and  MtriKiauK.— 
Against  the  loimer,  Achillex  hiid  a  (|uar- 
rel  on  account  of  the  boautiiul  /insaetM^  a 
captivc.  Hp  withdrew  witii  Ium  trooi»*.  aiid 
refui*ed  to  U&ke  any  parl  wvvU  U\«  Qt%^a^ 


Ite  P'  VIRGILll  MAHOMS 

QuiB  regio  in  terris  nostri  non  plena  laborit . 
£n  PriamuB :  sunt  hic  etiam  sua  pnemia  laudi 
Sunl  lachrymie  reruni,  et  mentem  mortalia  tan; 
Solve  nietua :  feret  han:  ahquam  tibi  fiima  sahu 
Sic  ait :  atque  animum  picturd  paacit  inani^ 
Multa  gemens,  largoque  hiimectat  flumine  vuh 
Namque  videbat,  uti  beliantes  Pei^ma  circ 
4«7.    UU     bollantet  ji^c  fugerent  Graii,  premeret  Trojana  juventin 
Orau  fbgeront  hic  cir-  ^^^^  Phrygcs,  instaret  cumi  criatatus  AchiUes. 
lana  juventua  premerct  Nec  procul  huic  Rhem  niveis  tentoria  vclw 
eof ;  hac  Phryges  /uge-  Agnoscit  lachrymans :  primo  c|U8e  prodita  soni 
rent^      dum     criBtatus  Tydides  multi  vastabat  caede  cruentus : 
Adiilki  insuret  tu  i  Ardentesque  avertit  equos  in  castra,  priusqu&i 
'°5?i  C»traO««or««  P*»»"'*  gu8ta»ent  Troj«,  XanAumque  bibi>« 
pridMulim  Parte  aha  fugiens  amissis  Troilus  armis^ 

Infelix  puer,  atque  iinpar  congressus  Achilli, 
Fertur  equis,  curruque  haeret  resupinus  inanit 
Lora  tenens  tamen :  huic  cervizque  coroequo 
Per  terram,  et  versi  pulvis  inscribitur  hasti. 
Interea  ad  templum  non  aequs  Palladis  ibant 
ASUTunm quoad pec"  Crinibus  lliades  passis,  peplumque  ferebant 
tora  palmia  Suppliciter  tristes,  et  tunsae  pectora  palmis. 

NOTES. 

tiii  afler  the  death  of  Patroclue,  whora  Hec-  the  firet  night  of  bia  arrival,  ai 

tor  ■lew  in  battle.    Some  copies  have  ^tri'  hie  horsei  to  the  Greciao  cam] 

defLt  which  appears  to  be  tho  moro  correct;  470.  QtME  prodiia:  which  b< 

for  we  have  no  account  that  Achillee  had  in  the  first  nigrht,  ftc.    Somno : 

any  dieagrcement  wilh  Menelaut.    The  am^  of  noete.     See  £n.  11.  242. 

bobut   refers   to   Agameninon  and   Priam.  472.  Ardentet:  in  the  Beuse 

Aohillei  aflerwards  slew  Hoctor,  and  igno-  473.  Xanthum:  a  river  of 

miniously  treated  hii  dead  body.     He  re-  oul  of  mount  Ida,  and  fiowin^ 

\  fused  to  rostorn  it  to  Priam,  till  he  received  lespont.     It  b  the  same  with 

a  iarge  sum  of  money  as  a  ransom.  der. 

460.  Jfostri  laboret :  our  suflerings,  cala-  474.  Tr&iluM.  A  son  of  P 
mities.  calls  liim  puer^  probably  on  a 

461.  Laudi:  in  the  sense  here  of  virtutu  age.     He  was  slain  by  Achillc 

462.  Lachryma  rerum:  tears  for  our  af-  475.  Impar  congresnts  Ach 
flictions — compassion  for  our  calamities  or  qual  matchfor  Achilles: — orn 
•aiTeringrs.  Mortaiia :  an  adj.  neu.  plu.  ta-  les,  an  unequal  match  is  draw 
ken  as  a  sub.  human  ealamiiies,  pinus:  on  his  back,  he  hangs  J 

465.  Largo  Jlumine:    a  large  flood   of    ty  chariot. 

teara.  478.  Hasta  veirsd,  Tlie  dur 

466.  Pergama :  neu.  plo.  In  the  sing.  ed  with  the  spear  of  Troilus ; 
PergamuMy  properly  the  citadel  of  Troy,  spcar  of  Achillos,  which  ha 
built  on  the  highest  ground.  wheiice  the  body ;  and  as  he  lay  on  his  L 
whole  city  could  be  e^en.  Here,  and  in  said  to  be  inverted ;  its  point 
many  othcr  places,  put  for  the  city  itielf;  ward.  Uuie:  in  the  scnie  of 
by  lynec.     BtUnntes :  valiant — warlike.  479.  J^^on  <rauat  Paiiadis :  < 

46B.  Crutatus:  plumed— wRaringapIume.  kind— oflendea    on  accouut< 

inttaret :  in  the  seiise  of  premerei.  of  Paris,  in  the  conteat  of  be 

469.  Rhen,    Rheius,  kmg  of  Thrace,  and  her,  Juuo,  and  Venus. 

reputed  80D  of  Mars.     When  he  camo  to  a^  480.  liiaits:    the   Trqjan 

sii»t  the  Trojans,  it  was  reportcd,  as  a  deerce  aishevelled  hair,  wcnt,  &o.     I 

of  tlie  god.**,  that  if  hifi  horses  should  drink  us   (Iliad.    6.    302.)   that    aft 

of  tho  wfttor  of  the  river  Xauthus,  or  taste  slaughter  of  the  Trojans,  H« 

th«  gniMH  of  Troy,  the  city  should  not  bc  Trojau  inatrou:*  weut  in  solen 

taken.     Oii  his  arrival,  he  encamped  on  tho  witli  every  cxternal  sign  of  i 

ihorn,  whon  ho  was  betrayed  by  one  Dolon  temple  of  Pulhis,  carrying  tb 

to  l>luiiii!do,  and  Ulysses,  who  alew  him  oa  sents,  in  hope  to  render  hei 


iRNElS.    IJB.  1.  191 

>  fizo6  oedos  averea  tenebat. 

im  Iliacoa  raptaverat  Hectora  muros, 

mque  auro  corpus  vendebat  Achilles. 

erd  ingentem  gemitum  dat  pcctore  ab  imo, 

,  ut  currus,  utque  ipsum  corpus  amici,  486 

tmque  manus  Priamum  conspexit  inermea. 

e  principibus  permixtum  agndvit  Achivia, 

acies,  et  nigri  Memnonis  arma. 

(lazonidum  lunatis  agmina  peltis  490 

ea  furens,  mediisque  in  millibus  ardet, 

bnectens  ezertae  cingula  mammae, 

audetque  viris  concurrere  virgo.  493.   VirgoqiM    Mib- 

um  Dardanio  iEneae  miranda  videntur,  necteo»  aurea  oia^la 

let,  obtutuque  haeret  defixus  in  uno  :  496  J^JJ^.  "JJ^J^  ^*^ 

d  templum,  formi  pulcherrima  Dido,  ^      «♦  a    e 

nnagni  juvenum  stipante  caterva. 

EurotsB  ripis,  aut  per  juga  Cynthi 
Diana  choros,  quam  mille  secutie  499 

je  hinc  glomerantur  Oreades  :  illa  pharetram 
ero,  gradiensque  Deas  supcreminet  omnes  : 
icitum  pertenUint  gaudia  pectus. 

NOTES. 

I.     Peplum :  thii  wia  the  richest  peUU :    her  troope  (armed)  with  cnmuent 

its,  embroidored  by  the  Sidonian  shields.    She  was  ilain  by  Achilles;  some 

the   most  costly  manner,  and  say  by  his  son  Neoptolemus.   Furem :  eaf  ef 

f  Paris  from  Sidon.    This  they  — courageous. 

thc  goddess,  hopingr  she  would  493.  BtUatrix  virgo :  the  warlike  virffin, 

by  it  to  regard  thcur  sufferings.  binding  a  golden  girdle  undor  her  naked 

parU  of  the  verb  pandor,  sprcad,  broast,  dares,  &c.    It  was  a  custom  of  the 

^  loosc.  Amazons  to  cut  or  scar  one  of  their  breasts 

ena :  in  the  sense  of  offerua.  that  it  might  be  no  hindrance  to  thcir  shoot- 

hUies  rapiaverai.    See  iEn.  2. 542.  ing  or  darUng  of  the  javelin ;  theotherthey 

spolia  eofupexit :   as  he  boheld  bound  with  a  girdle.    Tho  word  Amaton  \m 

as  he  bcheld  the  chanot,  &c.  Tho  compounded  of  the  Greck  alpha  ncgativum, 

^exU  18  to  be  repeated  with  each  and  a  word  which  signifies  a  breoMt:  imply- 

plam,  from  the  repctition  of  the  ing  that  they  had  only  one  breast  See  nom. 

vcnws  18  of  the  same  tender  nature  prop.  under  AmaMon. 

'^'ki\\'of^LB'^^^^  4^4-    •^^^«•-   wonderful-worthy    of 

*..  ^j^u^ :     -«-^    ^l  °  admiration.    It  is  to  be  taken  with  the  verb 

«u  _i     ip    .•         u      sense  of  stat. 

^.vfU  nnw  l^HTi-^^t  ?^  f  ;        497.  IneesHt:  approached.   Sce  46.  supra. 
evcry  now  and  thim  fctchmg  a        ^^3    ^^^.^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  .     „  j^.^^ 

Corpus  amu:t :    the  hody  of    leads  thc  dance  on  thebanks  of  Eurotas,or 

I  are  to  understana.  over  the  tops  of  Cynthns,  whom  a  thousand 

*rmes:    unarmed — supphant.  Of    _       *  :               u                 j   »,        r  ^» 

.                     '^'^  mountain  nymphs  surround,  &c    Euroias^ 

mniH^.     Momnon  the  son  of  Au-    J  "^f  °/  ^««^^  "?51,??"J?;  *th^!?"J'^ 
rithonus,  the  son  of  Laomcdon,    «^"ous  for  hunting.    C>/A.:  Cynthus  was 

oy.     He  came  to  the  assistanco  of  ^'"^""^;^  ""  ^^rJ?  ""^  ""^^    ?«  Itl^ 

1.  wilh  many  troops  from  India  P^^^t  ''^ ^>^ ^'^Y^^^'  "»  ^*»«-« 

pia.     Hc  wai  slai^by  Achillcs.  oi  ghmerant.     See  Ed .  iv.  10. 

irarthy— alluding    to   his    color.  ^-  Oreades:  mountain  nymphs ;  froma 

:  eastern  troops.  Greck  word  which  sigiiifiesa  mountain.  Soe 

fUkesUea.     She  was  queen  of  the  ^cl.  ii.  46. 

wbo  came  to  the  aid  of  the  Tro-  502.  Latona.    Latona,  the  mother  of  DK- 

Lhe  dcath  of  Hector.    Her  troops  ana  and  Apollo.    Joy  pervaded  her  silent 

d  with  bucklers  in  the  form  of  a  breast  at  the  sigbt  of  the  graco    nd  dignity 

ir  half-moon.     Agmina    ittnatxs  of  her  daughter. 


188  ^*  VlRGIl.ll  MAKONIS 

Talis  orat  Dido,  talem  se  lcta  ferel>at 
Per  medios^  instans  operi  regnisque  futura. 
Tuia  foribus  Div»,  medil  testudine  templi, 
Septa  armb  solioque  alte  subniza,  resedit. 
Jura  dabat  legesque  ^nris,  operumque  laboreni 
Partibus  equabat  justis,  aut  sorte  trahebat  ? 
Cum  subitd  iEne|LS,  concursu  accedere  magni 
Anthea  Sergestumque  videt,  fortemque  Cloao 
Teucrorumque  alios  :  atcr  quos  squore  turbf 
Dispulerat  penitusque  alias  avcxerat  oras. 
Obstupuit  simul  ipso,  simul  |>erculsu8  Achatei 

614  Ambo  aTidi  arde-  Lcetiti^lque  metuque ;  avidi  conjungere  dextra 

Ardebant :  sed  res  animos  incognita  turbat. 
Dissimulant,  et  nube  cavli  speculantur  amicti, 

617.  Qu»  fortuna  sit  Q^g^  fortuna  viris,  classem  quo  litore  linquaitf 

518  06quid  vemant*  Q^^  veniant :  cunctis  nam  lecti  navibus  ibai 
nam  homines  '  Orantes  veniam,  et  templum  clamore  petebar 

520.  Intro^ssi  tuni^  Postquam  introgressi,  et  corikm  data  copia 
ttt  copia  fandi  corara  re-  Maximus  llioneus  placido  .<ic  pectore  C(ppit : 
gma  data  ut  uiu  q  pegina,  novam  cui  condere  Jupiter  urbemt 

Justitiique  dedit  gentes  frsenare  superbas  * 

524.  JV(MmiBeriTroo8,  Troes  le  miseri,  ventis  maria  omnia  vecft, 
^'•^  f^  Oramus  :  prohibe  infandos  a  navibus  ignes  ; 

Parce  pio  generi^  et  propius  res  aspice  nostn 
Non  nos  aut  ferro  Libycos  popuiaro  Penatos 
Venimus,  aut  raptas  ad  litora  vertere  prsedaa, 
Non  ea  vis  animo,  nec  tanta  suporbia  victis. 

NOTEB. 

603.  Talis  erat  Dido  :   such  was  Dido.  512.  ./^vexero/:  badcarried^ 

Tbe  comparison  hcre  botween  Diana  and  far  remote. 

Dido  ifl  Uken  from  the  Ody8«e>.     Prohus  5^5^  Speculaniur:  they  ca 

conBideredthopassagetobecopicdunliappi-  jg  the  fortune    of  thoir  frien 

ly  by  Virgil.     Tho  coniparison,  acrording  to  coast  they  had  left  their  fleet ; 

Scaligor  lies  in  tlicso  particulars:  quemad-  poge  they  camc  thither.  For  ra 

modumDiana  inmonttbut^  ita  Dido  inurbe:  z^n    ly     ■                        r 

iUa  inier  nymphas,  hac  inier  matrona* :  Ula  P,C'  ^^}^^  •  ,.'^■^^"1  ^ 

imtan,  venatirib^.  h^  urbi.  "i^^l^  *  ^'y'  lamentmg  the  hai 

605.  Foribus  Diva,     In  tfae  intcrior  part  ^<>"""®- 

of  the  temples,  there  waa  a  place  separatcd  521.  Maximus  :  the  chiel 

from  the  rest  by  a  wall,  or  vail,  called  tlie  Rpeakor.  Plaeidopeetore:  fron 

Adytum  or  Ptnetrale.     Here  the  poet  sup.  brcast.     A  composed  breast, 

poses  Juno  to  havc  had  an  image  or  statue,  l^^tes  the  voice  and  speoch. 

or  ■ome  symbol  of  her  prcsence.     The  door  — liberty. 

or  gate  that  lcd  to  it  he  thercfore  calls  tho  523.  Frcenare :  to  restrain 

ioor  ofthe  goddess.    Medid  testudine :  under  with  justice — with  iaws.  By  1 

the  middle  of  the  arch,  or  canopy.     Subnixa  we    may  understand  the  Ni 

alii:  raised  high  on  athrone,  she  sat  down.  other  warlike  nations  of  Afri 

ForiXnu  :   forcs,   propcriy  folding    doors —  bors.     For  superbas^  Rucus  1 

opening  on  both  sides.     It  has  no  singular.  525,    Prohibe :    avert ^tui 

606.  Septa  armis  :    surrounded    by   her  fandos:  direful — cruel. 
pards.   Armis.  by  nieton.  for  the  mcn  bear-  ^^    ^  .^^^,  p^^^^  .  ^^^ 

c««*"ri  .   ,  .  ..  j  •  ^»        r         tory,  or  scttlcments :  or,  simp 

607.  Dabat  jura :  dispensed  justice.  Jus.         <^  *        «^ 

properly  a  natural  law,  or  right:    Ler,  a  ^      '                     . 

writtcn  or  statuto  law  :  /a«,  a  divine  law.  528.  Fertere     m  the  seni 

609.  Concursu :    a  crowd.    MultUudine,  Raptas  pradas  :    the   plundi 

«ayi  R1HPU8.  booty. 

61 1.  Avtdi :  eagor.    See  423.  supra.    Ar-  529.  Vis :  in  thesense  of  t 

dAant :  in  the  seuse  of  cupiebani,  verb  est  is  undorstood. 


iENElS.    LIB.  I  ISH 

s,  Hesperiam  Graii  cognomine  dicunt ;  OSO 

itiqua,  potens  armis  atque  ubere  glebse : 

coluere  Tiri ;  nunc  fama,  minorcs  532    None  fftpi^   ui 

lixissse,  ducis  de  nomine,  gentem.  minoroa 

-8U9  fuit. 

litd  assurgens  fluctu  nimbosus  Orion  536 

C4eca  tulit,  penitusque  procacibus  Austris  536.     ProcaabiMqua 

jndas,  superante  salo,  perquc  invia  saxa  AuBtrif  dispulit  not  i^- 

:  hiic  pauci  vestris  adnavimus  oris.  "**"■     perque     uDiiM. 

enus  hoc  hominum  ?   qua?ve  hunc  tam  barbara  ^^'^^^  S,7A  „«„„.  h« 
.    »  ,        .  .  .  »  .  5J9.  Quod  genus  ho 

t  patna :  nospitio  prohibemur  arcnse  :        [morem  minum  est  hoc  ?  quevc 

:nt,  prim^que  vetant  consistere  terra.  541  patri&t&m  barbara  per- 

i  hiunanum  et  mortalia  temnitis  arma  ;  mittit 

ite  Deos  memores  fandi  atque  nefandi.  ^'  Sperate  Deon  we 

t  .Eneas  nobis,  quo  jiLstior  alter  "^^' Quo  nec  ftut  al- 

ate  fuit,  nec  bello  major  et  annis  '  545  ter  jiutior   tn  pietatn, 

fata  Tinmi  serTant,  si  vescitur  auri  nec  major  bollo 

NOTES. 

esperiam.    Italy  hath  boen  called  543.  At  nerait :  but  expect  that  the  g:odf 

1*  names :    Hfsperia^  (which  wan  are  mindfuJ  of  right  and  wrong.    Fandi  at^ 

abo  lometimeii  givon  to  Spain,)  que  nefandi:   gerundf   in   </t,  of  the  verb 

aerut  tho  brothcr  of  Atla«,  king  of  for ;  in  the  senre  of  /a#  and  nefa» :  for  what 

ia,  in  Africa ;  or  from  Hespentt^  is  right  and  juit  may  be  spoken  ;  but  what 

!  of  the  Btar  Venm^  when  it  goes  is  unjust,  we  may  not  speak. 

le  8un,  and  signifieii,  a  settint;^  or  The  meaning  of  the  paflsage  is :    if  TO 

From  which   circumstancc,  the  despise  the  human  race,  and  tear  not  tbe 

0  the  eaetward  of  tkose  countries  just  punishment  from  men,  which  thia  sa- 
ftly  Magna  Hesperia^  and  Spain,  vage  and  barbarous  conduct  deBurveii,  know 
Siinor:  (Knotria^  from  (Enotnis^  thut  the  gods  are  mindful  of  right  and 
'  the  Sabinee,  or  from  a  son  of  wrong,  and  will  not  fail  to  reward  or  pu- 
king  of  Arcadia,  of  that  nanie :  niith  accordingly.  Mortalia  arma :  Rueos 
from  the  Ausones^  an  ancicnt  pco-  says,  vindietam  hominum^  tiie  vengeance  of 
.t  country ;  and  lastly,  Italia^  from  men 

king  of  Sicily  ;  or,  as  some  say,  544.  Qud  jtutior  alter^  ilc.    Here  we  haT« 

•eck  word  Bignifyinfr  cattle^  bccauso  a  summary  of  ^neas'  charactcr,  pieijf  and 

lundcd    thero.      Dieunt:    in    tlie  ra/or.     Tho  first  comprchends  dovotion  to 

rocant,  the   godii,   and  all  tlie  moral   virtUM.     It 

here :   richneai — fertility.     Cogno-  shows  him  a  tendor  son,  an  aflTectionate  fa- 

thc  .Henye  of  nomine,  ther,  and  husband.    He  bore  his  father  upon 

'notni  riri :  8tmply,tho  QSnotrians  his  shoulders,  and  led  his  little  son  through 

it.    Jtinores :  thoir  descendants.  the  flames  of  Troy  to  a  place  of  safoty. 

rion:   a  constellation  in  thc  hca-  And    having    lost    his    wife   in   the  gene- 

riscs  with  tbe  sun  in  thc  month  of  ral  confusion  of  that  fatal   night,  hn  Ten- 

was  supposed  to  have  an  influcnce  tured  into  the  midst  of  encmies  in  search 

weather ;  hence  the  epithet  nim-  of  her ;  nor  did  he  cease,  till  iier  ghost  ap- 

will  appcar  hence,  that  the  time  peared  to  him,  and  badc  him  to  dcsist :  sod 

(*  arrival  at  Carthage,  was  some  on  all  occasions,  Ascauius  appears  tbe  dar» 

hat  mo-.ith.      He  remaincd   there  ling  of  his  soul.     .£neas  was  uImo  a  patriot, 

itter  part  of  the  following  winter,  and  firmly  attached  to  the  intercsts  of  hia 

let  «ail  for  Italy,  where  he  arrived,  country.    In  valor  and  prowess  in  war,  ho 

1  supposes,  some  timo  in  tiie  spring.  appears  on  all  occasions  tlie  real  hero.  Ho- 
n  the  sense  of  mari.  mer  rcpresents  him  tecond  onlv  to  Hector* 
tstris proeaeibtu :  by  violent  iinnds.  He  was  tho  first  to  resist  Achilles  on  hia 
here  put  for  wind  in  goneral,  and  retum  afler  the  death  of  Patroclus.  Ho 
lie  south  wind,  which  would  have  did  notengagehim,buthemanifestedaailiD 
n  from  Afirica.  Tulit:  carried,  or  and  determined  courage.  Wosee  then  hom 
7mea  :  in  tho  sense  of  trtenlia,  justly  he  is  characterized  by,  nee  belto  mafor 
ilo:  in  the  eense  of  mari.  For  et  armis.  But  his  piety  and  moral  virtnea 
I,  Heyne  says  vehementibus.  have  cnnobled  his  charactcr  more  than  all 
naftti^mir  :  we  ire  prohibited  from  his  deeds  of  valor. 

it  of  tho  ihora  646.  VemlMT ;    m  tbn  wnM  ot  «|«roU 


190  P-  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

iEtherel,  neque  adhuc  crudelibus  occulNit 
648.  Non   iit  metus  Non  metus,  oilicio  nec  te  certlsse  priorem 
iio6u,  ncc  poeniteat  te  Pojniteat.     Sunt  et  Siculis  regionibus  urbes, 
SSc"""  '^''^''"'*       Armaque,  Trojanoque  a  sanguine  clarus  Ao 

551.  Liceat  7106«  sub-  Quassatam  ventis  liceat  subducere  classem, 
ducere  ad  Urram  clae-  £t  sylvis  a[)tare  trabes,  et  stringere  renios. 
lem  quamtam  Si  datur  Italiam,  sociis  et  rege  recepto, 

654.  Ut  iBti  petamua  Tendcre,  ut  Italiam  laeti  Latiumque  petamiH 
datuJl^^Tn^^u"  Sin  absumpta  salus,  et  te,  pater  optime  Teuc 
nan  ad  Italiam,  socus,  et  Pontus  habet  Libyae,  nec  spes  jam  restat  lul 

655.SinBalusabsump-  Ut  freta  Sicaniie  saltem  sedesque  paratas, 
ta  etl,  et  pontus  Libye  Unde  huc  advecti,  regemque  petamus  Acesl 

^*?!i  ^^\?  **?^'™*'    .     Talibus  Ilioneus :  cuncti  simul  ore  &emebaii 
557.  Ut  saltcm  peta-  t\     ^     «j 

mns  fteta  Sicani»  pa-  Dardanidae.  ... 

ratasque    sedes,    unde      Tum  breviter  Dido,  vultum  demissa,  profi 

«dvecti  tumuM  huc  Solvite  corde  metum,  Teucri,  secludite  cura 

560.   Ilioneus   orabat  Res  dura,  et  regni  novitas  me  talia  cogunt 

taiibas  v^bU,        ^^  ^Qiiri,  et  late  fines  custode  tueri. 

fuUum      ""***  ^^*^***^^  Quis  genus  iEneadfim,  quis  Trojae  nesciat  v 

Virtutesquc,  virosque,  et  tanti  incendia  belli 
Non  obtusa  aded  gestamus  pectora  Poeni : 
Nec  tam  aversus  equos  Tyni  Sol  jungit  ab 
669.  Seu  vos  optatis  Seu  vos  Hesperiam  magnam,  Satumiaque  a 

■"•■*•"*  Sive  Erycis  fines,  regemque  optatis  Acesteii 

Auxilio  tutos  dimittam,  opibusque  juvabo. 
Vultis  et  his  mecum  pariter  considere  regni 
Urbem  quam  statuo,  vestra  est;  subducite 
Tros  Tyriusque  mihi  nullo  discrimine  agetu 

NOTES. 

Ueoibat:   lies  dead — yields  up  his  life  to        567.  Pani  geslamtu:    wc 

Uie  cruel  shadcs.  do  nut  carry  with  ua  hcart 

549.  Et :  in  tho  senso  of  etiam^  or  quoque,  as  to  disrcgard  the  suficrinj 

550.  Aee$te».     See  £n.  v.  30.  men. 

552.  Et  aptare :  and  to  fit  (procure)  spars  568.  JVVr  tam  averrut :  nc 
in  the  wood,  to  supply  the  place  of  those  so  far  from  the  Tyrian  city 
that  had  been  broken,  or  lost  in  the  violence  to  his  chariot. 

of  the  storm  and  waves.     Stringert  remos :  This  is  an  allusion  to  an 

to  cut  our  oars — to  cut  timbcr,  of  which  to  ancients,  that  the   inhabitai 

mmke  oars.  mates  are  less  susceptible  oi 

557.  Freta,     Fretum  is  properlv  a  nar-  humane  feelings,  than  thof 

row  sea,  or  strait :  here  used  for  the  sea  in  mates. 

Sneral.     Ut,    Most  copies    have    a/,  but  669.  Satumia  arva :  the 

e  former  is  prrferable.    Adveeti:    in  the  — Itaiy.     See  £cl.  iv.  6.    . 

•ense  ofpulsu  erful,    or    great ;     to    distii 

560.  Fremebant  ore :  they  applauded  with  Spain,  which  was  sometimt 

their  moutli — they  expressed  their  approlta-  ria  Minor, 

tion  of  his  specch.     Dardanida:  tho  Tro-  570.  Fines  Eryeis:  the  < 

jans  ;  so  called  from  Dardanut.   They  wore  Sicily^  where  Eryx  reigned. 

also  called  Tciirn,  from  Teueer^  both  foim-  571.  Opibus.     This  refei 

ders  of  Troy.     See  1,  supra.  ancc  which  Dido  would  affc 

563.  Dura  ret:  the  difHcuIt  statc  of  my  vealih.     Parvter :  on  equal 

affairs.     Moliri :  in  tlie  sense  offacere.  ditions.     Et :  in  the  sonse  c 

565.  Genus  ^neadiim :  the  ancestry  of  the  573.  Urbem  quam  :   urbe 
Trojans — ^the  stock  from  which  they  sprung.  antiptosis.      Some    take    i 
Mneadoi:  the  Trojans;  from  •/£nea«,  thoir  quamurbem  statuo:  which 
leader.  is  yours. 

566.  Virtutet:  illustrious  actions.    Virot:  574.  Agetur :   shall  bo  t 
heroes.  sitn^    differenco — distinc^ii 


iENElS.    LIB.  I. 


191 


Alque  utinam  rex  ipse  Noto  compulsus  eodem 
Afiiret  «^neas !  Equidem  per  litora  certos 
IHimttam^  et  Libyae  lustrare  extrema  jubebo  ; 
Si  quibus  ejectus  sylvis  aut  urbibus  errat 

His  animum  arrecti  dictis,  et  fortis  Achates, 
Et  pater  iEneas,  jamdudum  erumpere  nubem 
Ardebant :  prior  iEneam  compellat  Achates  : 
Nite  Dea,  quc  nunc  animo  sententia  surgit  ? 
Oninia  tuta  vides,  classem,  sociosque  receptos. 
Uqus  abest,  medio  in  fluctu  quem  vidimus  ipsi 
Submersum  :  dicUs  respondent  ca;tera  matris. 
Vix  ea  fatus  erat,  cum  circumfusa  repente 
Scindit  se  uubes,  et  in  ffithera  purgat  apertum. 
Resdtit  ^neas,  clardque  in  luce  refulsit, 
Os,  humerosque  Deo  similis  :  namque  ipsa  decoram 
CBnriem  nato  genitrix,  lumenque  juventas 
Porpureum,  et  letos  oculis  afHarat  honores. 
Quale  manus  addunt  ebori  decus,  aut  ubi  flavo 
Argentum  Pariusve  lapis  circumdatur  auro. 

Tum  sic  reginam  alioquitur,  cunctisque  repente 
hprovisus  ait :  Coram,  quem  quseritis,  adsum 
Troius  iEneas,  Libycis  ereptus  ab  undis. 
0  iola  infandos  Trojae  miserata  labores ! 
QoB  nos,  relliquias  DanaOm,  terraeque  marisque 
Omnibus  exhaustos  jam  casibus,  omnium  egcnos, 
Urbe,  domo  sociaa.     Grates  persolvere  dignas 
Non  opis  est  nostne,  Dido :  nec  quicquid  ubique  est 
Gentis  Dardaniie,  magnum  qiis  sparsa  per  orbem  : 
Di  tibi  (si  qua  pios  respectant  numina,  si  quid 
Uiquam  justitiae  est,  et  mens  sibi  conscia  recti,) 


575  575.  Utinam  Aneai 
ipse,  vetier  rez,  &fibret| 
compulBUs  eodcm  noto. 

578.  Siforti  ilU  ejoc 
tas  errat  in  quibus  sjl 
580  ^^  ^^^  uxbiboa* 


585 


589.      SimUit     Deo, 
59Q  qiuKui  of,  huiuoro«qu« 


595.  £g^o  Troius^neaa 
595  adsum      coram      vob%»% 
queiii  qutentis 

597.  O  tu  sola  miMn- 

598.  QuflB  sociaii  noe 
tn  vtstra  urhe,  et  dom% 

600  relliquias  Daimuin,   ox- 
hauHtOB  Jam  oumibui 

601.  Ncc  e»l  upit  Dar- 
danioB  genti»,  ubiqua 
quicquid  tjm  est,  qua 
sparsa  tsi  per  maipium 


NOTES. 


876.  CerioM :  in  the  ■enie  ofjidat,  The 
Vv4  komineM  ia  andentood. 

S77.  Exirema:  the  farthest,  or  eztreme 
putiof  Africa. 

579.  ^rrteii  animum:  animated^encou- 
Mfid  in  mind.    A  GreciBm. 

584.  Unut  aketi :  one  ia  wantlnf .  This 
Vai  Oroniet,  mentioned  veiwe  1 1 J,  aupra. 
Bb  riiip  and  crew  were  lost. 

Ma.  Cmitra  rttpimdenl:  the  reat  anawer 
%lEe.    See  390,  supra,  et  leq. 

687.  Purt^ai  in  aptrium:   it   clears   up 

['fiaohrcs)  into  pure  air.    Circumfiua  nu- 

m:  ihe  lurrounding  cloud — ^the  cioud  that 

MlWilo  had  cneomparaed  them.    Hore  Vir- 

|1  iaiitates  Horoer,  Od/s.  Tii.  143. 

589.  Aam^ue  geniirix :  for  his  mother 
bi  breathed  npon  her  eon  graceful  locks, 
■id  Ihe  bri^ht  bloom  of  jouth,  and  a  spark- 
b|  iutre  to  hia  eyee.  Honorts :  grace — 
Untj. 

582.  Qua/e  dtnu :  euch  beauty  art  give^, 
feb   JWaRiw.'  bjr  meton.  tlie  akill  of  the 


M3.  PanMt  iapii:  tho  Parian  marble. 
hnii  aa  iaUad  m  the  iEfean  ■ea,  famou« 


for  its  white  marble.     Cireumdatur: 
compaMed— enchaaed. 

597.  Labortt:  di8a«tcr8— calaniities. 

599.  Exhauttot:  wurn  out — having  un- 
dergone.     Soeiat :  in  thc  HeiiKC  of  rctipiM, 

601.  Abn  tMi  nosira.  opis :  it  is  not  in  our 
power  to  render  you,  O  Dido,  nuitablo 
thanks,  nor  is  it  (in  the  power)  of  the  Tro- 
jan  nation,  wherever  aiiy  of  it  is,  which,  i:c. 

603.  Di  tibiferant:  iiiay  the  f^ods  grant 
you  suitable  rewards.  Siqmi  uumina :  i/ 
there  be  any  powers  above  thut  re^ard,  5:c. 
These  words  are  not  dosi^ed  to  cxprLM 
any  doubt  in  tho  mind  of  thc  speakcr  upon 
the  subject.  They  put  an  acknowlcdged 
truth  in  the  form  of  a  supposition,  tho  more 
to  strengthen  tho  conclusion.  You  8hall  lie 
rewardcd,  as  sure  as  thcre  arc  any  goda 
above — as  sure  as  there  in  any  justicc  aniong 
men,  and  any  mind  conscious  to  iiMclf  ol 
virtue  and  worth.  Kua-us  conchidcs  the 
parcnthesis  at  the  vcrb  cst,  The  inraning 
willthcnbc:  may  thc  god^  und  yoi;r  own 
mind,  consciou»  of  its  own  rcctitudc,  re- 
ward  you.  Others  extend  it  to  ciuht^cA 
reclL    Hevne  hna  no    ^M«ivW\«i&a     Pima 


IM  P.  VIRGILIl  MARONIS 

PnBmia  digna  ferant.     Quie  te  tam  beta  tulenii 
SiCcuIa  ?  qui  tanti  talem  gemiere  parentes  ? 
In  freta  dum  fluvii  current,  dum  montibus  umhi 
Lustrabunt  convexa,  polus  dum  sidera  pascet ; 
Semper  honos,  nomenque  tuum,  iaudeaque  muD 

610.  QuiDeunque  ter-  Qu<e  me  cunque  vocant  terrae.     Sic  fatus,  amic 
tm  vocuit  ine  Uionea  pctit  dextr^l,  liev^que  Serestum  ; 

612.  Post,  peiU  alioi,  p^^g^  aiios,  fortemque  Gyan,  fortemque  CloanU 
rortemque  Obstupuit  primd  as|)ectu  Sidonia  Dido, 

Casu  deinde  viri  tanto ;  et  sic  ore  locuta  est : 
Quis  te,  nate  Dei,  per  tanta  pericula  casus 
Insequitur  ?  quas  vis  inunanibus  applicat  oris  ? 
617.    Tu-nfe    ef    illo  Tu-ne  iile  iEneas,  quem  Dardanio  Anchisse 
^•;r„rD..^dr„!o'^""  Alma  Venus  PhrygU  gcnuit  SimointiB  ad  unda, 

Atque  equidem  Teucrum  memmi  Sidona  veniri 
Finibus  expulsum  patriis,  nova  regna  petentem 
Auxilio  Beli.     Genitor  tum  Belus  opimam 
623.  Casus  Trojan»  Vastabat  Cyprum,  et  victor  ditione  tenebat. 

vu  hoetis  fepcbat  Teu-  Trojanae,  nomenque  tuum,  regesque  Pelasgi. 
mm  Ipse  hostis  Teucros  insigni  laude  ferebat, 

NOTE8. 

Hds  word  signifies  virtuous  men  in  geno-  inde :  in  the  next  place.    It  bas 

ral;   especially    the   kind,  beneficent,  and  prtm^,  in  the  preceding  line. 

fitnerous.'  615.    Quif  canu:   what  for 

605.  Lata:  in  the  sonse  of /e/tcio.    Sa»  vis:  what  power  driyes  jou,  &< 

euto;  in  the  sense  of  tempora.  618.  Oenuit:  in  tho  scnse  of 

607.  Dwn  umbra:  while  the  clouds  shall  619.  Memtni  quidem.  This 
move  around,  or  cncompass  tho  mountoins.  the  son  of  Telanion,  king  of  t 
RuiBUs  says,  umbra  arborum:  the  shadcs  of  Salamis,  and  Hcsione,  daughto 
trees.  But  with  what  propriety  the  shadcs  don,  king  of  Troy.  On  his  rel 
of  trees  can  bo  said  to  niove  round,  or  en-  Trojan  war,  he  was  banished  b 
coropass  thc  mountains,  doth  not  appcar.  for  not  prcvcnting  the  doath  oj 
It  certainly  is  not  tlLe  meaning  of  the  poet.  Ajax,  who  slew  hiinsclf,  becai: 

It  is  wcll  known  that  the  tops  of  high  of  Achillcs  werc  adjudgcd  to  U 

mountains  rise  above  the  clouds ;  and  tho  than  to  him.     This  unnatural 

region,  or  elovation  of  tho  douds  will  be  a  his  fathcr,  led  him  to  discluim 

greater  or  Icss  distance  below  tho  summit,  ship  to  him,  and  to  reckon  bis 

aecording  to  Ihe  height  of  the  mountain,  his  mother.     Tho  poet,  by  co: 

and  the  dcnsity  of  the  atmosphere.     Coh'  circumstance,  hath  made  it  , 

MXff :  properly  the  exterior  of  any  round,  honor  upon  the  Trojans. 
or  circular  body.     It  may  then  very  proper-        621.  Beim,    See  £n.  iv.  1. 
ly  denote  tlic  top,  or  curvcd  surface  of  a        6^.  Cyjtrum :  an  island  in 

ntountain;  also  its  sidos.    Jdontibut:  inthe  rancan  sca,  sacred  to  Vcnus. 

■ensc  of  monlium.     Conrexa  montibut:  tho  said,  she  was  bom,  and  had  a  i 

tops  of  the  mountains.    The  dat.  among  the  ple.     Henco  sho  was  sonietin 

poiats,  is  of\cn  used  in  the  sense  of  thc  gen.  Ci/prian  Goddttt,     Opimam  : 

608.  Dum  poiut:  while  the  hcaven  fccds  Belus  had  been  at  war  with  U: 
(sQstains)  the  stars— while  there  are  any  of  the  islaiid,  and  at  that  tiir 
itars  in  thc  heavcns.     Potut^  properly  the  ject  to  him. 

pole;  by  synec.  the  wholo  hcavens.  624.  Pelasgi.    These   were 

611.  Uionea:  a  Greek  acc.  of  Ilioneut,  Thessaly  so  called  froin  Pe/a 
Ho  was  a  Trojan,  the  son  of  Phorbas.  Tiie  Lycaon,  king  of  Arcadia,  fron 
penult  syllahle  is  naturally  short,  but  it  is  wore  desccnded.  They  we: 
mde  long  for  the  sake  of  the  verse.  No-  taken  for  the  Greeks  in  genera 
Ihiiig  is  known  of  Serettet,  O^fat^  and  Cloan"  in  some  other  places,  used  as  ) 

further  than  Virgil  infonns  us.  625.  Ferebat   Teuerot :    he 

614.   Cntu :  calamity — ^misfortune.    De-    Trojans  with  distiBguiahed  pr 


/F.NEIS.     LJB.  I.  IM 

rliiin  antif|Ul^  Teucroruni  a  stirpe  volebat. 
gite,  6  tectis,  juvenes,  succedite  nostris ! 

que  per  inultus  similis  fortuna  lubores  6i8.   ShnilM  fortima 

n,  hic  deiniun  vuluit  consistere  terra.  voluit  me  quoque  jecu. 

>ara  inali,  miMris  succurrere  disco.  630  ^^'^  '""^'^  ^^^ 

lorat,  Bimul  iEnean  in  regia  ducit  ^^^       ^ 

(imul  Divihn  templis  indicit  honorem. 

nus  interea  sociis  ad  litora  mittit  633.    Mittit    muiiM 

tauroa,  magnorum  liorrentia  centum  «ociie  ad  litora,  nttnft 

uum,  pingues  centum  cum  matribus  agnos      635  ^'K*"^  ^"~^  ^"'**^ 
,  laHitiamque  Dei. 
»mus  interior  regali  splendida  luxu 
ir,  mediisque  parant  convivia  tectis. 

lorats  vestes,  ostroque  superbo  :  639.  HW  wvni  vettM 

irgentum  mensis,  cceiataque  in  auro  640  lalw^at*  arte 

icta  patrum,  series  longissima  rerum 
ducta  viros  antiquae  ab  origine  gentis. 
is  (neque  enim  patrius  consistere  mentem 

Linor)  rapidum  ad  naves  praemittit  Acliaten,  645.  Ut  ferat  hso  Ae» 

ferat  hjec,  ipsumque  ad  mcenia  ducat.  645  <^»0'  du.cmique 

n  Ascanio  chari  stat  cum  parentis.  .  J"^'  i™l     «?«]!^ 

«    ...  *.   .  lenre      teeum      rounera 

preterea,  Iliacis  erepta  ruinis,  erepu  ex  lliacie  ruiiiie. 

ibet,  pallam  signis  auroque  rigentem,  tumpe  pallam 

NOTES. 

alebatque  te:  and  he  wished  (it  to  636.  Laiiliam  Dei:  the  joj  of  the  god 

ercd)  that  he  eprang  from  the  an-  (BaceAu*— wine.)     Thia  is  a  oeautiAil  cir- 

ck  of   the  Trojans.     Ue  sprang  cumlocution.     The  opinions  of  cominenta- 

t  stock  b/  Hesione,  the  daujrhter  tors  upon  this  pasiage  are  varioua.    Tho 

edon,  who  waa  the  fifth  from  Teu-  sense,  however,  is  eaav.    The  queen  Mnt 

Dardaniu,  the  founden  of  Troy.  them  present*  (munera)  of  twonty  bulla,  ■ 

r.  iii.  35.    For  volebai^  Rubui  Bays  hundred  swine,  and  wine  to  cheer  their 

hearts. 

lobore»:  in  the  MnjM  of  e<uta.  637.  Jnitrior  domuM:   the  inncr   part  of 

iaii.     This  is  a  fine  vene.     The  the  palace,  itself  splendid,  was  fumiahed 

t  ia  worthy  of  the  most  distinguish-  with  royal  magnificenco. 

ctcr.    Memorai:   in   the   aenM  of  639.  JStqterbo:  rich— coatly.     Laboral»: 

finely  wrought. 

mdieii  honorem:  she  orders  an  of-  640.  JngenM  argenium:  much  silver  (wan) 

>  be  raadc)  in  the  temples.     It  was  upon  the  tablos,  and  the  mighty  decds  oC 

it  cnstom  to  offer  libations  to  Jove,  her  ancestors  carved  in  gold,  a  very  long 

the  god  of  hospitality,  upon  the  Mries  of  history,  traced  down  througli  so 

f  Btrangers.      Servius  thinks  the  niany  heroes  from  the  origin  of  tiieir  an- 

tdieii  honorem^  mean,  that  she  or-  cient  family.     Jngens  argenium  :  by  this  we 

tributions  to  be  made  in  honor  of  are  to  understand  a  great  quaiitity  of  plato, 

;  bnt  this  is  questionable.     He  ob-  and  silver  vessels  of  various  descriptions, 

■t  the  ancients,  from  Uieir  poverty,  on  which  were  carved  the  nohlo  actions  n( 

iged  to  make  collections  from  the  her  ancestors. 

br  their  sacrifices:  they  also  ap-  644.  Prtrmiitit:   in  the  mum  of  mittit^ 

that  OM  the  property  of  convicts  the  compound  for  the  simple  word.     Or  re- 

ftctors.     Hence  tupplieUk,  punish-  ference  may  be  had   to  the  entertsinment 

une  to  signify  prayers,  supplica-  which  Dido  had  ordered  upon  the  occaoion. 

td  tfaanksgivings.      So  also   saeer  He  sends  Achates  beforo  supper,  to  bear  the 

ligmly  boUi  holy,  and  accurMd.  nows  to  Ascanius,  and  to  bring  him  to  Iha 

Gw  mmuM :  in  the  miim  of  quoque,  city.     He  suffers  no  Ume  to  be  lost,  be^i>>^ 

n.  he  commuiiicatea  to  his  son  the  tidings  of 

^efiliaii  korrmiia  terga:  a  hundrod  their  kind  reception.     Servios  takes  P^tt» 

cka  of  huge  swine ;  simply,  a  hun-  miitti  rapidum^  for  miitit  pr^rapidum.    Hm» 

«  swino.     7Wm  :   the  backs,  by  pidum :  m  the  senM  of  eelerenL, 

l  for  the  wholobodios,  or  carcaasee.  648.  Rigeniim  ngwu  auroque ;  #MK  ^V^ 

m  U 


104  P.  VIRGILII  MAKO   IS 

£t  circuintextum  croceo  velamen  acantho : 
aso,  Quo«  illa  eztu-  Omatus  Argrivae  Helenap  quos  illa  Mycenis, 
enu  i  Mjrcenis,  cum  Pergama  ciim  peteret,  inconcessosque  Hy 
^*^^    Praterea  jubei  Extulerat :  matris  Leclae  mirabile  donum. 
cMiii/erreaceptrum,quod  Pneterea  sceptrum,  Ilione  quod  gesserat  oUni 
Ilione  mazima  Maxima  natarum  Priami,  colloque  monile 

Baccatum,  et  duplicem  gemmis  auroque  corai 
tf56.  Acliatea  celerans  HaK^  celerans,  iter  ad  naves  tendebat  Achate» 

f^^o^u  o     j  ^^  Cytherea  novas  artes,  nova  pectore  veni 

658.   Ut  Cupido  mu-  /^       •!•  m    •  '^  >^     > . 

tatua  quoad  faciem,  et  Consiha  .  ut  fkciem  mutatus  et  ora  Cupido 

•ra  veniat  pro  ^■'^  d\i\ci  Ascanio  veniat,  donisque  furenteDi 

Incendat  reginam,  atque  ossibus  implicet  igM 

Quipi>e  domum  timet  ambiguam,  Tyriosque  b 

Urit  atrox  Juno,  et  sub  noctem  cura  recursat 

Erg6  his  aligerum  dictis  afiatur  Amorem  : 

•64.  O  nate,  mes  yi-  Nate,  meae  vires,  mea  magna  potentia ;  solua, 

ree,  mea  magna  poten-  Nate,  patris  summi  qui  tela  Typhoea  temnia : 

temnia    "***'  **"'  *^      ^^  ^®  confugio,  et  supplex  tua  numina  posco, 

667.   Htee  noU  tuni  ^rater  ut  iEneas  pelago  tuus  omnia  circum 
tibifUttuusfrater^neas  Litora  jactetur,  odiis  Junonis  iniquae, 
jactetur  pelago  Nota  tibi :  et  nostro  doluisti  saepe  dolore. 

NOTES. 

ifures,  and  with  gold — ^with  golden  figures,  Cythera^  an  island  in  the  Pelo 

bj  Hendiadis.     VtlavMU  cireumteztum :  a  cred  to  that  goddeBS. 

vail  woven  round.  659.  Furentem  reginam :  the 

650.  Omatut  Argiva:  the  omaments  of  The  queen  already  in  love 
Grecian  Hclen.  According  to  the  poets,  Cupid  was  a  colebrated  deiti 
Helen  was  the  daughter  of  Jupiter,  and  love,  from  the  verb  cupio,  . 
Leda^  the  wife  of  Tyndarus,  king  of  Laco-  epoken  of  was  tlie  son  of  Jupit 
nia.  She  produced  two  eggs:  from  ono  of  andconsequcntly  washalf  brol 
them  sprung  Pollux  ond  HcIIen ;  from  the  There  wcre  two  othcrs  of  th 
ether,  Costor  and  Clytemnestra.  Horace  aniong  tho  ancients.  Furen^tt 
says  that  Costor  and  PoIIux  wcrc  from  tiie  of  nmantem.  Furent  signifioi 
saine  egg.  Helen  marricd  Menelaus,  tiic  portcd  with  an  inordinate  pai 
brother  of  Agamemnon,  king  of  Mycenoe  of  love,  or  anger. 

and  Argos.     Having  become  son-in-Iaw  to  660.  Implicet :  should  appl 

Tyndarus,  he  succeedcd  to  tlic  throne  of  love)  to  Iicr  bones — should  cut 

Laconia^  aflor  the  death  of  Castor  and  Pol-  thcm. 

luz.     Helcn  is  callcd  ./^r^ra,  either  on  ac-  661.  Ambiguamdomum:  Xh 

count  of  hcr  rclationship  to  the  royal  family  race,  and  double-tongued  Ty 

•f  Argot^  or  bccausc  the  Grecks  in  general  guet^  eitlier  alludes  to  their  i 

were   somctimes  calted   Argiri.    Mycenit.  tho  Phaenician  and  Libyan  lai 

Mueena  and  Argot^  tho  two  principal  citics  thcir  notorious  perfidy.     Put 

•f  Groece,  arc  sometimcs  put  for  Greece  in  proverbial  for  deccit  and  perfi 

Seiieral,  by  syncc.     Sce  also  nom.  prop.  un-  in  the  sense  of  gentem. 

er  Heien.  662.  Urit :  troubles  her. 

651.  Pergama:  Troy.  See  466,  supra.  663.  Amorem:  Cupid.  Hf 
Ineuncettot  Hymenteot :  unlawful  match—  "  *  wmged  mfant,  nakcd,  an 
marriage.  '  ^^^  ^^^  quiver  fiill  of  arroi 

653.  inont:  Ihe  eldert  (maxma  nalarvm)  ^„f  *^  ^^'^^u  ««t  ^1  v 
•f  tlie  daughters  of  Priam.     She  was  mar-  .        ,     ?.              ,    .  . 
ried  to  Polymnostor,  king  of  Thrace,  and  U;^^  ^\,^  him  undcr  mou 
was  mvcstcd  with  royal  dignity.  ...^  ^^^^^  .    ^,^^  thundenJ 

654.  Baecatumque  moniie :  a  pearled  col-  Vhcsc  wordn  very  forcibly  ej 
•ar  for  tlie  neck— a  necklaco  set  wilh  pearl.  gisiihlc  power  of  love. 
Coronam  dupNcem:  a  crown  doublc   witli  ege.  A^umtna:  in  the  sens 
gems  and  gold — sot  with  a  doublo  row  of  aurilium. 

folden  gcins ;  by  Hend.  65«.  Iniquoi :   in  Uie  sensf 

S57.  C^iher^ :   Venos  \   wo  callcd  from    infenMe.    Sce  4  and  ^,  suon 


i£NElS.    LIB.  1.  lag 

i^hoenissa  tenet  Dido,  blandisque  moratur         670 

M :  et  vereor,  qud  se  Junonia  vertant 

m  :  haud  tanto  cessabit  cardine  rerum. 

ca  capere  ante  dolis  et  cingere  flamm^ 

Lm  meditor :  ne  quo  se  numine  mutet ; 

igno  iEnec  mecum  teneatur  amore.  676 

eere  id  possis,  nostram  nunc  accipe  mentem. 

I,  accitu  chari  genitoris,  ad  urbem  677.  Refioc  puar,  bm 

m  puer  ire  parat,  mea  maxima  cura,  nmnma  cura,  parM  ire 

erens  pelago  et  flammis  restantia  Trojao. 

Bgo  aopitum  somno,  super  alta  Cythera,  680 

per  Idalium,  8acrat&  sede  recondam . 

i  acire  dolos,  mediusve  occurrere  possit« 

iem  illius,  noctem  non  ampHus  unam, 

lolo :  et  notos  pueri  puer  indue  vultus,  684.   7\i  pner  undaa 

m  te  gremio  accipiet  laetissima  Dido,  685  noto.  niltu»  poeri,  nU 

fs  inter  mensas  laticemque  Lyasum,  ®  ** 

abit  amplexus,  atque  oscula  dulcia  figet ; 

um  inspires  ignem,  fallasque  veneno.  688.   Fallaiqno 

\mor  dictis  charaB  genitricis,  et  alaa  veneno  mm»ru 

et  gressu  gaudens  incedit  luli.  690 

ms  Ascanio  placidam  per  membra  quietem 

:  et  fotum  gremio  Dea  tollit  in  altos  -  f  ^  P  ?~  ^^^* 

iucoe,  ubi  mollis  amaracus  illum 

NOTES. 

^hamuaz  Dido.    She  ii  here  called  ind  the  Carthaginiani  were  a  colony  from 

icum,  or  womanofPAflBnteto.    This  Tyre.    Hence  Sidonia  vel  T)pria  uAt,  for 

ountry  eztending  along  the  eaiitem  Carthage. 

*  tlie  Mediterranean,  including  Tyre  679.  RettarUia :  in  the  aenio  of  tervaia, 

loo.    The  PhoBniciami  were  among  680.  Reeondam  kune :  I  will  conceal  him 

ieet  navigatore,  and  are  said  to  have  in  a  sacred  place,  laid  in  sloep,  &c.  Cythera: 

vt  inTentors  of  letters.     Blandit :  neu.  plu.  an  island  lying  f  outhward  of  tha 

mooth  words.     Tenei :  in  the  semre  Peloponnesus,  sacred  to  Venus.      IdoHum^ 

jet.  OT  Idalia :  a  town  and  grove  in  the  iiiland 

Qtid  Jtmonta.    The  hospitality  and  of  Cypnu,  sacrcd  to  Venus.    Honce  ahe  if 

jp  which  Aneae  received  at  Car-  eometimee  called  Idalaa. 

je  here  called  Junonian;  either  be-  682.  Jfequa  potsit :  lent  by  some  meani* 

iino  may  be  considered  the  goddess,  he  could  know  the  deceit,  or  intervene,  to 

ae  Jupiter  the  god,  of  hospitality;  prevent  tlie  success  of  the  plan. 

■ae  she  was  the  special  guardian  and  684.  Falle  dolo :  counterfcit,  through  artl- 

«ee  of  Carthage.     Vonus  fears  lcst  fice,  his  appearance  for  one  night,  and  no 

fMtality  of  Juno  may  tom  to  the  de-  more. 

n  of  iEneas  and  hu  friends.  686.   Ljftntm   latieem  :   simply,  wine.  -  - 

HuUo  eardine  rerum:  in  so  great  a  Lyeus,  a  name  of  Bacchus,  dcrived  from 

r  juncture  of  aflkirs.'  the  Greek.    Mensat:  in  thc  sensc  of  tpula§^ 

Meditor  anieeapere :   I  contemplate  vel  dapet^  by  meton. 

I  poseession  or   the  queen    before-  687.  Figet :  and  she  Bhall  give  you  swt  ct 

f  stratagem,  and  to  besiege  her  with  kisses— shall  pross  your  sweet  lips.     Intjti" 

ne  of  love.    This  is  a  metaphor  ta-  re«;  in  the  sense  of  tn«muef.    Fallat  venen», 

nthe  manner  of  blocking  up  atown,  Hoyne  takos  thcso  words  in  the  sense  of; 

tiiv  fires  around  the  walls  to  pre-  per  fraudem  intlillet  vetienum. 

j  from  making  their  escapc.     AV  692.  Irrigat  plaeidam:  diflbscs  a  placid 

lest    Dido   sliould    chango  hcrsclf  rest  tlirough,  k.c,    Fotum  gremio:  pressei 

the  influence  of  any  god — should  to  lier  bosom. 

her  mind  through  the  influcnce  of  693.  Amaraeut:  the  herb  maqoram.     It 

was   said    to  be  banoful  to  scrpcnts,  and 

(Beeipe  .•  hear  my  opmion.  tlierefore  a  very  proper  bed  for  Ascanins.    It 

:   an  adj.  from  Sidon^  a  abounded  in  Cyprus.    MoUit :  in  the  sensa 

lieiai  belong*ng  to  Tyre.    Dido  of  dukt* 


196  P.  VTRGlLll  MARONiS 

Floribud  et  dulci  aspirans  complectitur  urabtA. 
Jamque  ibat  dicto  j)arens,  et  dona  Cupido 
Regia  portabat  Tynis,  duce  Iffitus  Acbmte. 
Cum  venit,  aulseis  jam  se  Regina  superbis 
Aurea  composuit  si>onda,  mediamque  locafit. 

Jam  Pater  iEneas,  et  jam  Trojana  juventui 
Conveniunt,  stratoque  super  discumbitur  osxra 
Dant  famuli  manibus  lymphas,  Cereremque  cai 
Expediunt,  tonsisque  ferunt  mantilia  villis 
703.  Intufl  erant  qaiii*  Quinquaginta  intus  famulae,  quibus  ordine  loii| 
qaaginu  famul»,  qui-  ^1,^^  jjenum  struere,  et  flammis  adolere  Penat 
X^on^gS^oniiSr;::  Cent«m  aU»,  totidemque  pares  «tate  minirtri, 
705.   Erant    ccntum  Q^  dapibus  mensas  onerent,  et  i>ocula  ponant 
uXim/amula^  totidemque  Necnon  et  Tyrii  per  limina  lcta  frequentefl 
ministri  Conven^re,  toris  jussi  discumbere  pictis. 

Mirantur  dona  i£ne«,  mirantur  luium, 
FlagrantesqueDei  vuitus,  simulataque  verba; 
fviA  T>  A  :  r  i:-  Paliamque  et  pictum  croceo  velamen  acantho« 

PhflBniBea  devoU  futur»  Praecipue  mfelix,  pesti  devota  futunE, 
peeti  nequit  Expleri  mentem  nequit,  ardescitque  taendo 

NOTES. 

694.  Aspiram:  eending  forth  a  sweet  vante.  Tbey  are  diBtinffaiehi 
■moU — odoriferoue.  male  servante,  wbo  are  called  m 

695.  Cupido  parent  dieto :  Cupid  obeying  704.  Penum :  properiy  all  k 
the  command,  &c.  Aa  Cupid  pereonatee  visione  and  stores.  Here  the  n 
Aecaniuf,  he  may  be  said  to  obey  the  com-  in  a  more  limited  eense.  *^di 
mands  of  iEneae,  delivered  by  Achates.  Jlammit:  to  worship  the  Penal 
This  is  the  sense  given  to  the  words  by  to  burn  incenee  to  the  Penatee. 
Ruvas.     Davidson  refers  them  to  Venu«.  ii.  505. 

697.  Rfginaiam  eompotuit.     The  couchos        The  business  of  the  female  se 

were  calculated  for  three  pcrsons  each.    Tho  to  have  been  to  cook  and  drei 

middle  couch  wos  considered  the  most  ho-  sions,  and  to  arrange  the  sevei 

norable,  and  of  thc  seats,  the  middlc  one  of  fore    thoy   were   bronght  upa 

the  middlo  couch.     Hcre  Dido  8at  down.  The  othor  servants  spread  the  tj 

Loeavilque  mediam:  and  placcd  herself  in  forward  the  several  dishes  wh 

the  middlo,  betweon  £noas  and  Cupid,  sup-  and  waited  upon  the  guests 

posed  to  be  Ascanius.  Struere  penum  :  insirwre  et  adt 

It  was  usual  to  have  three  of  these  couch-  ae  cibos^  says  Heyue. 
ei  at  table.     Hence  trielinium  came  to  sig-        705.  Pares  atate  :  equal  in  a 

nify  a  dining  room.    Aulais  may  mcan  the  age.     Porula :  by  meton.  for  v 
rich  tapestry  and  curtains  that  were  sus-        707.   JVec   non:    also— in  li 

pended  over  the  couch  on  which  Dido  sat;  Frequentef  in  crowd»— in  grei 
or  the  rich  coverings  of  the  couch    itself.        708.     PietiM    torit :     upon 

This  appears  to  be  the  opinion  of  Rueus :  couches. 
In  aurea  tponda,  et  magn\ficit  tapetibut^  says        709.    litlum :   Cupid,  who   < 

he.  form  of  liilus,  or  Ascanius. 

700.  Diteumbitur:  a  verb  imp.  they  sit        710.  Flagrantet:  iresh — glo^ 

down  upon  a  couch  richly  omamented  with  lata :  in  the  sense  ofjieta, 
purple.      Ruceus  says,  in  purpureit  lectit,        711.  Pietum:  Rusus  says,  t 

Ottrum :   the  purple  color  itself,  taken  as  is  to  be  token  afler  velatnen,    V 

an  adj.  cumstance  depends  upon  the  a 

702.  Mantilia  tontit:  towels  of  sofl  nap  taken  ailer  the  noun. 
— smooth  and  sofltowels;  the  prep.  ^  or  ex        712.  Devota  futunB:  devoti 

being  understood.    Or,  tontit  viUit  may  be  love.     It  was  the  plan  of  Ven 

put   absolutely :    the   shag,  or  nap  being  that  Dido  should  fall  in  love ' 

eut  oflT,  would  render  them  smooth.    It  was  she  may  thcrcfore  be  taid  to  I 

a  custom  to  waah  before  meals ;  hence,  dant  voted  to  it    Pettit  very  stron| 

fympfuu  manibut,    Lymphat :  in  the  sense  nature  and  dostructive  eflbcts  a 

m  aquam,  indulged  beyond  due  bounda. 

708.  FatmdtB,    Theia  wero  femala  mt-       713.  Expttri  *  tbo  pcM.  ia 


iENElS.    LIB.  1.  IQT 

:  et  pariter  puero  donisquc  movetur.  717.  Hdc    hcBret  tn 

>i  romplexu  iEneae  colloque  pependit,  716  eum  eum  oculla,  hnc /uib» 

jnum  fiilsi  implevit  genitoris  amorem,  ^^  ***  *«*^  "*"*  ^^^  V^ 

im  petit :  h*c  oculis,  hiec  pectore  toto  ^^^g  ,^^^^^^    ^^.^^ 

;  et  mterdum  gremio  fovet,  inscia  Dido,  fovet  eum  groniio,  intcia 

it  quantuB  miseras  Deus :  at  memor  illo  719.Memor  mandata- 

Acidalife,  paulatim  abolere  Sichffium  720  rum  m&triB 

,  et  vivo  teiUat  pnevertere  amore  "^21.  Pravertcre  yivo 

idem  reaidea  animos  desuetaque  corda.  ^^^    -^f^     "'"'*•■ 

,.         ^  aminos  rtgina 

:quam  pnma  quies  epulis,  mensajque  remotae ;  724.  jifinw/rtirtatuunt 

as  magnos  atatuunt,  et  vina  coronant.  72^.  Regina  popoMcit 

spitus  tectis,  vocemque  per  ampla  volutant  725  pateram  gravcm 

deiiendent  lychni  laquearibus  aureis  '^^*  .Sjf^  Behw,  et 

I :  et  noctem  flammis  funalia  vincunt.  ""^Z.  '^"^ 

vtnpiert 

egina  gravem  gemnus  auroque  poposcit,  731.    Tum    sUentia 

itque  mero,  pateram  ;  quam  Belus,  et  omnes  facta  tvaU  totin  tectie, 
»  aoliti.     Tum  facta  silentia  tectis  :                    730  Dido  inquit ;  O  Jupiter, 

•,  (hoepitibus  nam  te  dare  iura  loquuntur)  (naraAoinin«#  loquuntujr 

«tum  Tyriisque  diem  T^que  profectis'  ^r.itThC  tr^J^S 

!lis,  nostrosquo  hujus  meminisse  mmores.  letum  Tyriisque  ti<quo 

etitiiB  Bacchus  dator,  et  bona  Juno  :  profecti»  a  Troja 

NOTES. 

espiere.    Or  txpleri  quoad  menlem^  723.  Jientct :  the  tablcs,  by  m^ton,  the  food 

■m :     to  be  flatufied  aa  to  her  mind  upon  them.    Pottqumm  /trima :    when  the 

\iafj  her  mmd.    Ardetcitque:    and  first  rest  was  to  tbe  feajit — when  tlie  fint 

iflamed  with  love,  while  she  gazee  couroe  or  eervice  was  ended.    It  was  custoni- 

m.  ary  among  the  Romans  to  divido  the  feast 

fWft  genitorit :    his  pretended,  or  into  two  courses,  and  somctimes  into  three. 

•  fat^er.  Hcnce  we  find  :  prima  menta^  and  tecunda 
Hme  hterei :    she  sticks  upon   him  menta, 

r  ^e»--she  sticks  upon  him  with  724.  Coronani  vina.    By  tliis  we  are  to 

ik  beait.    This  very  strongly  marks  ynderstand  that  thcy  filled  the  bowls  or  gob- 

bd&st  attention,  with   which   Dido  lets  to  the  brim.     Some  undorstand  by  it 

l^d  (azed  upon  him.  Iheir  drossine  or  adoming  of  tlie  bowls  with 

JWr/.-  she  hugs  hnn  to  her  bosom.  garlands;  which  was  a  custom  among  tho 

huideai:  lies  m  wait  for  hcr,  un-  Roiuaiis  on cerUin occasions.     yohUant :  m 

lU-fated)  woman.    This  word  very  Uie  sonse  of  mittunt. 

expnmea  tho  insidious  designs  of  726.  Ineenti  lyehni:  lightcd  lamps  hung 

from  the  goldcn  ceilings. 

Aetdahm.    Venus,  so  called  from  a  727.    J^octem:   the  darkncss.     Funalia: 

I  of  that  name  m  Beotia,  dedicatod  torches  lighted.    Flammu :  m  Uic  scnse  of 

moes,  the  daughters  of  Venus  and  1^^^^^ 

u,    Aboiere  Siehaeum :  to  oblitcrate  or        -^    rt     «.«.  •     *u       -  ^s 

om  ber  mind  the  memory  of  Sichm-  ^^8.  Oemmu  auroque     m  the  sense  of 

ihadbeenthehusbandofpido;to  «t^^m  gemmti,  by  Hend. 

he  had  swom  inviolable  constancy.  729.  Belut.    This  cannot  bc  the  father  of 

Frmtferiere:  he  endcavors  to  prcoc-  Dido,  but  some  one  of  her  ancestors;  per- 

r  langiijd  affections,  with  an  ardont  baps  the  founder  of  hcr  family.    For  other* 

JEneaa,  and  hor  heart  long  since  '^i»®  Iberc  can  be  no  propriety  inthe  words: 

tomed  to  love :  lest  Juno  should  in-  o^net  i  Belo :  all  after  Belua    Mero :  pro- 

iff  with  hatrod  toward  him,  aiid  his  perly  ruw  tcine.    Here  wme  m  general. 

f-^iro  aaiore.     Some  commenUtors  733.  Minortt:  descendents.     Bona :  pro- 

Md  by  ihese  words:  a  love  for  a  liv-  pitious— kind. 

ri,  im  opposition  to  one  that  is  dead,  736.  Libavii.    This  libation  or  ofTering 

lidimie.     Ruous  takes  viro  in  tlie  consisted  in   pouring  some  drops  of  wino 

'  wekemenii;  and  pnevertere^  in  tlie  upon  the  table  at  feasts,  or  upon  the  aitsrat 

*  pirmaeeupare.  Heyne  has  this  ro-  sacrificcs,  as  an  acknowledgment  uf  the 
\mod  orcnpamiu^  in  co  wimul  prcrrer'  bouiity  of  the  gods.  Latieum :  gen.  vilu.  cvt 
«•  (w9  prwent  others)  ne  oeeupeni.  latex^  m  the  seiiM  of  rtni 


198  P.  VIRGILII  MARONib 

Et  vos,  6  coEtum,  Tyrii,  celebrate  &Tent< 
Dixit :  et  in  niensam  laticum  lilnvit  hoz] 
737  Eoque  libato,  iUa  Primaque  libato,  summo  tenus  attigit  ore. 
prima  attigit   re/i^m  t^^j„  Bitjjg  jejjt  jncrepitans:  ille  impiger  hai 
*****  Spumantem  pateram,  et  pleno  se  proluit  auro 

740.  Post  ftlii  proceres  Pdst  alii  proceres.     Cithari  crinitus  lopas 
hauterufU  Personat  aurata,  docuit  quae  maximus  Atlaa 

«Ifm  !i^IST        Hic  canit  errantem  Lunam,  Solisque  laborea 
744.  Canii  Arctunim  Unde  hommum  genus,  et  pecudes :  unde  unb 

Arcturum,  pluviasque  Hyadas,  geminosque  1 

Quid  tantum  Oceano  properent  se  tingere  sol 

Hybemi,  vel  quae  tardis  mora  noctibus  obste 

748.   Vario    sormone  Ingeminant  plausum  Tyrii,  Troesque  sequun 

eum  Mnea  Necnon  et  vario  noctem  sermone  trahebal 

/j.7^i"„Sl*''^/'!r.  fi  Infcl«  Dido,  longumque  bibebat  amorem ; 
iius  AuroriB  veiusset  oa  •-   ,  t»  •  •  tt     ^   _^ 

Trojam  :    nunc   quales  Multa  supcr  Pnamo  rogitans,  supcr  Hectorc 

ttteni  equi  Diomedis       Nunc,  quibus  Auroras  venisset  filius  annis : 

753.  Age,^  O  hospes,  Nunc,  quales  Diomedis  equi :  nunc,  quantui 
•t  dic  noWs  a  prima  ori-  Imm6  age,  et  a  prim&,  dic,  hospes,  origine  s 
'"755°Nara^  jam  ■epti-  ^"si^i^is,  inquit,  DanaQm,  casusquc  tuonun, 
ma  estas  porUi  te  er-  Erroresque  tuos :  nam  te  jam  septima  porta 
imntem  omnibus  terris.    Omnibus  errantem  terris  et  fiuctibus  aestaa. 

NOTES. 

737.  Attigit :  she  just  touched  it  with  her  in  their  coming  on,  because  o 

lips.     Teniit :  in  the  sense  of  taniummod^.  the  day.     They  seom  to  be  ti 

The  Roman  ladies  wcre  not  pormittcd  to  tant,  as  if  unwilling  to  arrivc 
drink  wine  oxcept  at  religious  coremonies.         Tliis  song  of  lopas  is  imi 

Dido,  therefore,  takes  it,  but  she  docs  not  Odyssey  of  Homer.     Virgil, 

drink  deep.     She  touches  it  with  her  lips :  surpasKed  his  master.     The  i 

she  justtastes  it,  and  nomore.     Summoore:  mer^s  song  is  the  actions  of 

the  extremity  of  her  mouth — her  lips.   Hau-  this  of  Virgil  is  of  the  subliii 

tit :  in  the  scnse  of  potavit.     Betias  drank  prehending  the  most  profoo 

ofT  tlie  bowl  with  so  much  haste  and  eagcr-  philosophy. 
ncss,  tliat  he  wct  himself  {proluit  se^)  by        749.  Infelix  Dido:  unhaf 

spilling  Bome  of  the  wine,  which  ran  down  out  tho  night  in  various  coi 

his  chm  and  clothes.     Auro :  propcrly  gold,  drank  largc  draughts  of  Iov( 

Hence  by  meton.  any  thin?  made  of  gold.  Davidson,  is  always  very  hi 

Here  thc  goldon  bowl  out  of  which  he  drank.  objccts  in  contrast  to  one  i 

1A\.  Atlat.     See  iEn.  4.  247.  tlicanxioussituationof  Dido' 

742.  Laboret  solit :  eclipses  of  the  sun.  is  scen  in  a  iine  liffht  in  op 

Pertonat :    he  sings — plays  upon  his  lyre.  general  mirth.     While  Tyria 

Ignet :  lightning.  give  loose  to  joy,  and  are  mi 

744.  Areturum :  a  star  in  the  constoUation  rosound  with  their  repeatei 
Bootes,  ncar  the  tail  of  the  Great  Bear.  ^neas  alone  engages  Dido^ 
Hyadat :  these  were  seven  stars  in  the  front  attcntion.  Sho  relishes  neith 
of  the  Bull.  See  Geor.  1.  138.  Geminot  of  the  fcast,  nor  of  the  song 
Triorut.  These  were  two  Northem  signs ;  to  no  music,  but  the  cham] 
formerly  called,  sometimes,  the  grealer  and  Bihebat  quati  longo  hauttu^  i 
leu  Ptoughy  becauso  the  stars  were  thought  750.  Filiut  Auront.  Mon 
to  be  in  tlie  form  of  a  team  of  oxen,  bcfore  a  snpra.  Super:  about  or  coi 
plough.  Pluviat:  in  the  senne  o£  imbriferat,        753.  Die :   by  Apocope  1 

745.  Quid  hyhemi  tolet :  why  the  wintcr  sense  of  narra, 

•ons  hasten  so  much  to  touch  themselves  in  755.  Septima  attat:  the  m 

tha  ocean,  or  what  delay  retards  the  slow  The  meaning  secms  to  be :  tl 

idgfats.     Simply :  why  the  winter  days  are  mer  now  brings  you  hither, 

M  ihort,  and  those  of  summer  so  long.  wandered  on  every  land,  an< 

Thesummer  nights  may  be  said  to  be  slov»  Fluctibvt :  in  the  sense  of  m 


^NEIS.    LIB.  J. 


199 


QUESTIONS. 


s  Ihe  elwfmcter  oP  this  book  ? 
doM  it  open  ? 
wu  JUieoa  tt  that  time  ? 
uevented  him  from  prooeeding  to 

ioted  the  stonn  f 

Me  insti(fation  was  it  raiBod  ? 

lamago  did  the  fleet  of  i£neaa  f  ua- 


Maaired  the  storm? 

:  rendor  the  Trojana  any  other 


did  iEnoaa  then  direct  his  coarse  ? 
lis  arrival,  how  was  he  received  ? 
conductod  him  lo  Carthage,  and 
I  an  account  of  the  country  f 
j^  entered  the  city,  to  wnat  place 
rQ  first  ? 

I  does  he  seo  there? 
BflTect  had  the  appearance  of  Dido 
1? 

ere  any  episodes  in  this  book? 
oany  can  you  mention  ? 
irere  the  founders  of  Troy  ? 
ue  its  several  names  ? 
om  whom  derived? 
vas  Dardamuf 
&t  country  was  he  a  native? 
\X  country  was  Ttuetr  a  native? 
iEneas  arrived  in  Italy,  whom  did 

• 

city  did  he  build? 

did  he  caU  it? 

I  was  it  situated  ? 

vsk  Juno  ? 

is  said  of  her? 

are  some  of  her  names  ? 

were  the  causes  of  her  resentment 

be  Trojans? 

I  was  Carthage  situated? 

vas  the  Guanlian  Goddess  of  that 

was  the  prize  of  beauty  ? 

loni  was  it  adjudged? 

om  was  it  adjudffod? 

I  did  £oIus  resic^? 

lo  you  undorstand  the  fable  of  his 

I  ffod  of  the  winds? 

division  of  the  world  between  the 

^Uim,  to  whom  did  the  empire  of 

al!? 

is  Neptune  represented  as  bearing 

nd? 

is  the  diflerence  between  proeella^ 

iwibuM^  and  imber  ? 

«y  sometimea  used  indiscriminately 

other? 

wmb  Sicily  called  TVinatria  f 


What  are  the  names  of  its  promontonesf 

Is  thc  passage  betweon  Sicily  and  Italy 
dangerous? 

What  is  the  cause  of  it? 

Can  you  explain  Uie  fables  of  S^Ua  and 
Chnrybdii? 

Wiio  was  Vcnus? 

What  is  said  of  her  ? 

AVhat  are  HOinc  of  hcr  names? 

For  what  is  thv  word  taken,  by  meton.? 

What  part  did  «he  take  in  tbeffTainof 
tho  Trojans? 

Docs  tlie  poet  represcnt  her  as  making 
any  speech  in  tlieir  (avor,  afler  their  arriva! 
in  Africa? 

What  is  tho  charactor  of  that  speech^ 

What  docs  Dr.  Trapp  say  of  it? 

Whu  was  Antenor? 

What  did  he  do  ? 

What  city  did  he  build? 

Wlio  succocdcd  iEneaa  in  tha  govein« 
ment? 

What  city  did  Ascanius  build  ? 

How  long  was  this  city  tho  seat  of  go* 
vemment? 

Who  was  the  mother  of  Romulus? 

Whose  daughter  was  she  ? 

How  were  Romulus  and  his  brother  Ro* 
mus  brought  up  ? 

What  Is  the  fabulous  acconnt? 

What  is  the  more  probable  accouiit? 

What  iras  their  mode  of  life  ? 

What  did  Romulus  do  as  soon  as  he  cama 
to  yean/of  maturity  ? 

Where  did  Romulus  found  his  city? 

What  was  the  end  of  Remus? 

What  gave  rise  to  the  quarrel  between  tha 
brothers? 

What  other  name  had  Romulus' 

From  what  is  it  derived? 

Who  were  the  Amazons? 

From  what  is  the  name  derived? 

Are  they  supposed  to  have  boen  altogethor 
a  fkbulous  peoplo? 

Who  was  their  queen  in  the  time  of  th« 
Trojan  war? 

What  were  the  several  names  of  Italy  ? 

From  what  werc  they  derived? 

Who  wore  the  Pelatgi  properly  ? 

For  whom  is  the  word  sometimes  osed? 

What  was  Pergama  properlv? 

,  For  what  was  the  word  used  by  sjmec? 

What  is  the  last  episode  in  this  book? 

What  are  tho  subjects  of  that  song? 

From  whom  is  it  imitated? 

What  are  the  subjects  of  HomerVi  •ong? 

How  doQf  this  book  ooncliide  t 


LIBER  8ECUNDUS. 


Dfw>  haTing  detired  JEiketM  to  relate  to  her  the  BufferingB  of  hb  coimtnrmen, 
to  the  moumful  lubject.  He  informB  her  thmt  the  city  was  taken  aftor  a 
jean,  through  the  treachery  of  Sinon,  and  the  stratagem  of  a  wooden  h» 
waa  hia  determination  not  to  survive  the  ruins  of  his  country,  till  otherwiM 
Hector^i  ghosi,  and  the  appearance  of  his  mother  Venua :  that  he  then  co 
plan  of  leaving  his  country,  and  seoking  a  settloment  in  another  land.  He  t 
her  of  his  carrying  his  aged  father  upon  his  Bhouldors,  while  his  little  eon 
hie  lide,  and  his  wife  Creusa  at  sorae  distance  behind :  that  wlien  he  came 
of  geneial  rendezvous,  he  found  a  great  concourse  of  people  roady  to  engag 
terprise:  that  here  he  missea  his  wife,  and,  frantic  with  despair,  he  resoiv 
her,  at  the  peril  of  his  life.  For  this  purposo  he  retumed  to  the  city ;  but,  i; 
tnre,  her  ghost  appeared  to  him,  quieted  his  niind,  and  informed  him  of  th 
tined  to  him  by  fate.  Ile  also  relates  tho  particulars  of  his  own  adventures 
night,  when  tlie  powerful  kingdom  of  Priani  fell  to  the  ground.  This  bool 
be  considered  the  most  interenting  one  of  the  whole  ^^eid;  and  wae  <m 
which  the  poet  himself  read  in  tho  presence  of  Augustus  and  Octavia. 

CONTICUERE  oxnnes,  intenliqiie  ora  tenc 
inde  toro  pater  iEneas  sic  orsua  ab  alto : 
Infandum,  Regina,  jubes  renovare  dolorem  : 

4.  «Yarranio  ut  Danai  Trojanas  ut  opes,  et  lamentabile  regnum 

Eruerint  Danai  ;  qusque  ipse  miserrima  vidi, 

7.  Aut  quu  miles  Myr-  Et  quorum  pars  magna  fui.     Quis  talia  fiindo, 

■•W®'»»™  Myrmidonum,  Dolopumve,  aut  duri  miles  Ulyi 

NOTES. 

5.  Toro :  tho  couch  on  which  he  sat  at  he  sowed  with  salt.  But  he  v 
■Qpper.  Orsus :  began.  From  the  verb  by  Pelamides,  a  wise  and  eminen 
wrdior.     Est  ifl  to  bc  supplicd.  in  this  manner.     Ho  took  his  a 

3.  Ut :  in  thc  seiise  of  quomodo,     Opet :  chus,  then  a  child,  and  laid  hin 

In  the  sense  of poterUiatn,     Lamentabile:  in  plough  of  his  father,  who  tume 

Ihe  sense  of  plorandum,  save  his  son.     He  was  obliged  U 

5.  Danai :   the  Greeks,  so  called  firom  whore  he  distinguished  hiuisclf 

Danausy  one  of  their  kings.     ^utiqut  miser-  valor,  his  prudence,  and  his  sa 

rtma  ipse :   both  what  things  (scenes)  the  his  means,  Achilles  was  discov 

most  pitiable  I  myself  saw,  and  those  of  the  daughters  of  Lycomedes, 

which  I  was  a  pruicipal  part.  island  of  Scyros,  under  whosc  g 

7.  Myrmidonum,    The  Myrmidons  wcre  his  mother  had  placed  hini ;  an< 

the  troops  of  Achilles.    Dotopum,   The  Do-  was  obligod  to  leave  Lemnos,  ai 

lopians  were  the  troops  of  rhenix;  or,  as  him  the  arrows  of  Hercules;  wi 

some  say,  of  Pyrrhus,  the  son  of  Achilles.  it  was  said  Trov  could  not  bo  U 
Uiytsei.  Uiysses  was  the  son  of  Laertes,  and         He  performed  many  daring  a«: 

Antiolea,  king  of  the  islands  of  Ithaea  and  and  executed  many  hasardous 

Dulaehium,      He    married    Penelope,    the  Afler  the  death  of  AchilleK,  he  ^ 

daughter  of  Icarus,  a  virtuous  and  amiable  ed  with  the  arms  of  that  hcro. 

woman,  with  whom  he  lived  for  a  timo  in  turn  homc,  he  was  exposcd  to 

great  happiness  and  domestic  enjoymcnt.  gcrs,  hardghips,  and  misfurtunes 

After  the  rape  of  Helen  by  Paris,  he  was  space  of  tcn  yoars.     Aflcr  an 

vummoned  by  the  other  princes  of  Greecc,  twcnty  years,  he  arrivcd  in  liis  I 

to  tho  war  that  had  been  resolved    upon  the  great  joy  of  his  conFtant  « 

against  Troy.     Unwilling  to  leavo  his  king-  said  to  havc  bceii  slain  by  Telej 

dom  and  beloirGd  wifc,  he  pretcnded  to  bo  of  his  by  the  8orcere88  C^irce. 
insane:  and  ynking  an  ox  and  an  horse  to-         During  his  absence,  hJH   wifc 

g«tber«  he  went  pioughing  tlio  shore,  which  suitors,  whoiu  niie  put  off  by  t 


iENElS.    LIB.  II.  a^j 

mperet  i  lachiymis?  et  jam  nox  huniida  ccelo 
TCipitat,  suadentque  cadentia  8idera  somnos 

d,  fli  tantus  amor  casus  cognoscere  nostros,  10     10.   Si   taniuti  amor 

.  breviter  Trojae  supremum  audire  laborem  ;  '^  ^ 

uanquam  ammus  memmisse  horret,  luctuque  refugit, 
icipiam.     Fracti  bello,  fatisque  repulsi 
Kictorei  Danadm,  tot  jam  labentibus  annis, 
■sttr  montis  equum,  divin&  Pallidis  arte,  16 

Edificant :  sectkque  intexunt  abiete  costas. 

fmm  pro  reditu  simulant :  ea  fiima  vagatur.  17.   Sirauluit  eqmm 

loc  delccta  virQm  sortiti  corpora  furtim  SLmJiT*""   '"'''  ^^ 

■dadunt  caeco  lateri  :  penitusque  cavernas  lg  j^  tortiU  dolaota 

itentes,  uterumque  annato  milite  complent.  20 

ut  in  conspectu  Tencdos,  notissima  fami 
Mila,  dives  opimi,  Priami  dum  regna  mancbant : 

NOTES. 

hH  riM  coitld  not  comply  witb  their  wiflheii,  witliin  their  walls  ho  enormous  and  ini»|if- 

MilriM  had  finiahed  a  piece  ofwork  which  cious  an  engine  with  so  implicit  cruduUty. 

nt  thea  in  her  loom;  bat  which  nhe  wa«  But  the  poet,  as  Mont.   Scgrais  oUKervee, 

inlal  Bot  to  do :  for  she  undid  in  the  night  has  finely  contrived   the   matter,  so  aii  to 

rlnt  riie  did  in  the  daj.     By  this  device  rendcr  it  not  onlv  plauiiible,  but  in  a  man* 

ht  eootinaed  fiuthftU  to  her  husband.  ner  necenary  and  unavoidable. 

Tke  retura  of  Ulynoa  to  his  native  land,  The  Trojans,  having  heard  tlie  story  of 

■d  Ihe  adventares  ofTelemachus  in  search  Sinon,  and  sceing  so  strong  a  confiriiiation 

fkii  &ther,  form  the  basis  of  the  Odyssey.  of  tho  tnith  of  it  in  thn  terrihle  diHasters 

9.  Cadenita  hdera,     In  the  language  of  that  bcfel  Laocoon  and  liis  sonK,  had  vvi^ry 

•ctiy,  the  stars  nmy  be  said  to  set,  when  rcason  to  believo  thc  machino  was  aii  ofl^er- 

kiv  disappear    at   the  approach  of  duy ;  ing  sacrcd   to  Miner\'a,  and   that  all  who 

M  they  are  said  to  rise,  when  they  become  offcred  violencie  to  it  should  fecl  tlie  ven- 

vible,  at  the   approach  of  night.     Froni  geance  of  heaven,  as  Laoroon  and  hiv  sons 

Uii  we  are  to  understand  that  it  was  near  had  donc ;  and  thercfore  tliey  could  not  act 

Htuiw,  when   iEneas  entered    upon   the  otherwise  than  the  poct  suppoHps  tlioni  to 

ioamnil  sabject.    Suadeni :  invite  to  slvep.  have  done,  consistently  with  thcir  rrligion. 

11.   Laborem :    struggle.      Heyne    says,  and  syntem  of  belief.     An  to  the  ImrdincKs 

fcfaii  utinii  exetdium  urbU.  of  the  undcrtaking  on  tlip  part  of  thc  (Sri^cks, 

U  aorrei :  shudders  at,  or  dreads,  the  M.  Scgrais  observes,  that  mo<lprn    hivtory 

Hilfeetion.     RefugU  hietu.    The  verb  here  furnishes  ezamplcs  of  cqually  imrdy  enter- 

*m  tbe  perfect  tense.      As  soon   as  his  prises,  undertaken  and  CjA^cutcd  with  suc- 

ikd  vas  turned  to  the  mournful  subjcct^  it  cess.     He  instances  tho  HoUandent,  forty  of 

kraak  back,  and  revolted  from  it.     This  whom  venturcd  to  conccal  theniMclves   in 

in|e  of  tense  is  an   olegance:   it  marks  a  vessel,  sonmingly  ladcn    with  turf,  and 

hi  ^«ieknew  of  the  impression  upon   his  underwent  those  examinationH  whirh   are 

■■d.    The  verb  refugio  forms  the  tliird  usually  made   for   contraband  goods,  aiid 

WMB  of  the  present  and  perfect  of  the  in-  having  landed,  retook  the  town  of  Brcda 

lMiv«|  refugit,    The  penult  of   the   for-  from  Uie  Spaniards. 

W  b  ahort,  of  tlie  latter  long,  as  in  tlie  16.  Intexunt:  they  linc  or  covcr  the  riba. 

Mal  caae.     Some  read  Luttumque  refu-  Cottoi.     Thcse  were  tho  tinibcrs  that  gave 

pt:  declines  the  moumful  tmsk ;  which  is  form  and  figure  to  thc  horsc — tlie  fruine. 

kiWM  sentiment.  SectA  abieie :  with  sawn  fir — with  plaiikK  or 

H  BtfuUL    The  Greeks  are  here  said  boards  of  fir. 

B  bt  lepulMd  by  the  fates,  because  it  was  17    Fama :  in  the  scnse  of  mmor. 

kcned  that  Troy  could  not  be  takcn  till  \H,  Sortiti  delreta  corjtora:  havin^r  rhoMCQ 

hi  npiration  of  ten  years,  from  the  com-  a  solcct  body  of  mcn,  tliey  privatolv  Kiiut 

MBennent  of  the  aicge.     jFVacA':  disheart-  thitm  up,  &c.     Sortiti :    proiu-rly,   havins 

■sd.  choHcn  by  lot. 

I& /iisfariiion/tf.     It  hath  been  objectcd  19.  Peniltu :  in  its  inmost  rcrosvf^. 

tf  thie  story  of  tho  horse  has  not  proba«  21.    Tenrdot :    an   if<land    lyinir   npjuMilc 

hy  enough  to  sopport  it ;    that,  bcsidcs  Troy,  not  far  froni  the  proniontory  of  .Si- 

■  kardiness  of  the  enterprise,  it  is  not  to  f^trum^  atid  al^out  foriy  KUMtia  fruiii  tlie  uiaM 

tliat  the  Trojans  would  receive  laud. 


P.  VUtGlLII  MARONIS 

Nunc  tantuin  sinus,  et  statio  malefida  cannki  i 
3s4.  JhietortM  DanaHm  Huc  se  provecti  deserto  in  litore  condunt. 
'■?T*]J       ^  Nqs  abiisse  rati,  et  vento  petiisae  Mycenaa. 

abUwe:  "*        '^'"  ^  ^^^^  »"""»  >^<>  ^^v»^  ?«  Teucria  luctu  : 

Panduntur  ports :  juvat  ire,  et  Dorica  caatFif 

Desertosque  videre  locos,  litusque  relictum. 

Hic  Dolopum  manus,  hic  scvua  tendebat  Ad 

90.  Hlc  erai  locus       Classibus  hic  locus :  hic  acies  certare  solcbaf 

31.  Pan  nottrvm  ito-  Parg  stujiet  innupts  donum  exitiale  Minenm, 
^  £t  molem  mirantur  equi :  primusque  Thymoet 

Duci  intra  muros  hortatur,  et  arce  locari ; 

34.  Sive  facUbai  id  Sive  dolo,  seu  jam  Troj»  sic  lata  ferebant. 
^'^35  r"        t  //•  ^^  Capys,  et  quorum  melior  sententia  menti, 

rum  'menU 'ira/*  m2lior  ^"^  P«'*g^  Danaflm  insidias  8us|)ectaque  don 
■ententia^julMuitautpr».  Pra&cipitare  jubent,  subjectisve  urere  flammii 
cipitare  Aut  terebrare  cavas  uteri  et  tentare  latebraa. 

Scinditur  incertum  studia  in  contraria  TuJgus. 

40.  Ibi  Laocoon  pri-  Primus  ibi  ante  omnes,  magni  comitante  catc 
Aui  ante  omnes  decur-  Laocoon  ardens  sumnia  decurrit  ab  arce : 
"'      Et  1       /     ^*  procul :  O  miseri,  quae  tanta  insania,  civei 

mat:  qus  u^u  ii^?a  ^re^^itis  avectus  hoslcs  ?  aut  uUa  putatis 
ui  9obiM  Dona  carere  dolis  DanaOm  ?  sic  notus  Ulyaac 

44.  ./fn  est  Ulystes  sio  Aut  hoc  inclusi  ligno  occultantur  Achifi : 
notofl  vo6w  Aut  haec  in  nostros  fabricata  est  machina  ma 

NOTES. 

28.  Mal^a:  unsafe  for  ships.    Carinit:        35.  AtCtayt:  but  Capys,  i 
Uie  keels :  by  synoc.  the  whole  ships.  whoee  mind  there  wm  a  bet' 

26.  Omnii  Teueria :  all  Troy :  the  n&me     advised,  Scc 

of  the  place  put,  by  nieton.  for  the  inhabi-  Capya  occompanied  iEneai 

tantii.     See  Aln.  i.  1.  ^^^  ^j  ^^  q„^  q£  |,ig  gj,j 

27.  Dorica :  on  adj.  from  Doris,  a  coun-  alUrwards  founded  Capua^  ii 
try  of  Greccc,  situated  between  ^tolia,  ^.^8  a  long  time  a  rival  of  Ilo 
Ptioci»,  ond  Tlieiisaly  ;  by  synoc.  for  Greece  and  splendor. 

'"^."T?nrfe6a/;  pitchedhiHcamp.     Ruteus  .    37    5u6;Vreu-rf.     The  cor 

M^y.,  habebat  ter^oria.      ManmDohpum:  »»  ^«/^^/"Jti. .  The  former  1. 1 

«iply,  the  Dolopians:  ^  ^«^P^  "'«^^»  «^7«^'"-^- 

30.  Aciet:  is  properly  on  army  dcawn  up         38.  Terebrare:  to  lay  opea 

in  order  of  battle  :  agmen,  an  army  m  or-  t*>c  hollow  recesses  of  the  wo 
der  of  march,  from  ago :  exereitui^  an  army        39.  Jncertum :   fickle — inco 

in  order  of  exorcise,  from  exerceo,    But  they  traria  ttudia :   into  different  i 

are  oHcn  used  indiscriminatcly.  opinions.     Some  were  in  fav< 

32.  Thymatet.  It  is  said  he  morried  the  sure  proposcKl,  othcni  were  ag 
fister  of  Hccuba,  Ihe  wife  of  Priam,  by  40.  ^nte.  Ru»us  interpreU 
whom  ho  hod  a  son,  born  on  the  same  day  i„  xh^  prescnce  of  all.  Dav 
with  Poris.  Priam  being  informed  by  an  implies  that  Laocoon  was  thf 
oracle  that  on  that  day  a  child  was  bom,  cipal  (pnmut)  person  among 
wlio  should  bo  the  causc  of  tlie  destruction  poggd  the  admission  of  the  1 
of  Troy,  interprclcd  it  against  Uie  son  of  ciiy.  Heyne  thinks  we  ore 
Thymffltes,  and  cauied  hiin  to  be  put  to  that  Laocoon  ran  beibre— ot 
death.  On  this  account,  it  is  supposed,  that  ^„/^^  signifios,  before,  with  n 
he  entertained  ajp-udge  against  Priam,  and  pjaco,  aiid  degroe.  Laocoon, 
acted  the  part  of  a  traitor  to  his  country.  the  brother  of  Anchises;  othi 
He  was  oiie  of  Priam^s  counscUors.  tlie  son  of  Priam,  and  priest  < 

33.  Duei :  the  inf.  pass.  of  dueor,   Equum  ^  _ 

if  anderstood  before  it.  41.  ArHeni :  eagcr.     Rusa 

34.  Fa$a:  destiny — ^fate.     Ferebant:  in        43.  Avectot:    in  the  senai 
tha  sense  of  vtitbmU.  The  verb  ette  ia  nndenAood. 


i£N£IS.    IJB.  IL 


ao8 


ra  domos,  venturaque  desuper  urbi ; 
UB  latet  error :  cquo  ne  credite,  TeucrL 
I  id  eet,  timeo  Danaos  et  dona  ferentes 
I  validis  ingenteui  viribus  hastam 
inque  feri  curvam  compagibus  alvum 
t :  stetit  illa  tremens,  uteroque  recusso 
e  cavs  gemitumque  ded^re  caverna;. 
a  De(im,  si  mens  non  Isva  fuisset, 
.t  ferro  Argolicas  fa^dare  latebras  : 
s,  nunc  stares,  Pnamique  arx  alta,  maneres ! 
nanus  juvenem  intereii  post  terga  revinctum 
magno  ad  regem  clamore  trahebant 
lae  :  qui  se  ignotum  venientibus  ultr6, 
im  ut  strueret,  Trojamque  aperiret  Achivis, 
t     fidens  animi,  atque  in  utrumque  paratus, 
Kre  dolos,  seu  certae  occumbere  morti. 
visendi  studio  Trojana  juventus 
isa  ruit,  certantque  illudere  capto. 
lunc  Danaikn  insidias ;  et  crimine  ab  uno 
mes. 

,  ut  conspectu  in  medio  turbatus,  inermis 
,  atque  oculis  Phrygia  agmina  circumspexit : 
B  nunc  tellus,  inquit,  quae  me  sequora  possunt 
) !  aut  quid  jam  misero  mihi  denique  restat !  70 
le  apud  Danaos  usquam  locus  ;  insuper  ipsi 

NOTES. 


50  60.  Sio  fttiu,  imlidM 
▼iribus  coutonit  iugcn- 
tom 


54.  Si  f&U  DaAm  nan 
^^fituteni  adversa 

55.  lile  impulermt  MOf 
f<B(lare 

57.  Ecco,  uiterei  Dmr' 
danidiB  pantores  magno 
claiiiore  trahebaui  ad 
60  '^((^i^  juvenein  reyine- 
Uiin  quoad  nianus  poit 
terga;  qui  ultro  obtula 
rat  ne  ignotum  illit 

63.  Viscndi  iUiut 


65 


67.  Ut  ^mofi  ooiutitil 


9€thara  :  about  to  oyerlook  our 
id  to  eomo  down  upon  tho  city. 
ighor  than  tho  walls  and  houscs, 
t,  with  proprioty,  be  taid  to  over- 
I,  and  to  como  down  upon  the  city 
)  an  attack  upon  iU 
*or.*  guile,  decoit,  or  trick.  It 
ognifieB  wbatovor   is   oppoted  to 

r  in  tho  aonjM  of  ettam :  I  fear  tho 
'on  offering  prosonta.  Thero  is  a 
mphaua  to  bo  placod  npon  tho  et 
tanco. 

t  .*  tho  horao.  Ferut  does  not  al- 
ifjr  a  wild  beast,  or  boaat  of  prey : 
I  a  tamo  or  domoaticatod  aniiiial 
>  ftmck  that  part  of  tho  horse, 
timbers  or  rilMi  aroso  from  their 
.  to  a  perpendicnlar  position  Cur- 
agibut:  bending  out  in  srain«  or 
unetvrit^  says  Rueus.  Recutfo : 
M)  of  repereutto, 

nitum,    Thia  groan  probabl*'  waa 
ho  Groeks  within,  who  now  t>egan 
med  at  their  aitaation. 
!a:   docreoa,  or   purposes   of  tho 

lotieat :  an  adj.  from  .^rgot^  a  citj 
B,  Htnatcd  in  the  Poloponnesus; 
somotimos  put  for  Groeco  in  ge- 
aiebrat:  hiding  places — rocesses. 
kc  Thb  is  a  bappy  apostropho : 
ikon  his  advioo — had  our  minds 
■t^Hd  and  infatuated;   aow   O 


Troy,  thon  wouldst  bo  standing,  and  tboo, 
lofly  citadol  of  Priam,  wouldst  bo  remain- 
ing !     Fadare :  in  tho  senso  of  exeindere. 

59.  Dardanida:  tho  Troians;  so  callod 
from  Durdanut^  ono  of  their  foundors.  It 
is  here  used  as  an  adj. 

60.  Strueret :  in  tho  sense  of  effieerei. 

61.  Fident  animi:  bold — daring  of  sonl. 
and  prepared  for  either  event ;  to  carrj  into 
execution  his  purpose,  (^ertare  dolot;)  or, 
in  caso  of  discovory,  to  yield  to  cortain 
doath.  Ho  threw  himBoIf  a  stranger,  and 
unknown,  in  the  way  of  theso  shepherds, 
on  purposo  that  they  might  take  him,  and 
bring  him  before  Priam  and  the  Trojan 
chiels,  the  better  to  offect  his  purpopo,  to 
porsuade  them  to  admit  the  horso  within 
their  city. 

64.  Cireumfuta  :  surrounding  him— oii- 
compassing  him  on  evory  sido :  a  part.  from 
eircumfundor,  Capto :  m  tho  sonso  of  cap- 
tivo, 

65.  Aecipe:  in  tho  senso  of  audi.  Ab 
uno  erxmine:  from  one  criminal  porson, 
(namcly,  Sinon,)  learo  tho  character  of  aU 
tbe  Greoks.  This  appoars  to  bo  tlio  aenso 
in  which  Hejrne  takos  tho  words.  Valpy 
says :  ^  From  this  instanco  of  docoit  and 
treachery,*'  Uc  Davidsou  :  ^  From  oiio 
crime,  tako  a  spocimon  of  tho  whole  nation.** 
Crimen:  properly  a  crime;  by  motoo.  a 
criminal,  or  villanoua  porson. 

66.  /n  mctfto  conapcctu:  in  Vbft  xuiAitL  ^ 
tha  gaiing  crowd. 


mn  P-  yiRGiLu  maronis 

_  ^  .^  DardanidiB  infensi  pcenas  cum  saniruine  poeeui 

73.  Quo  flremitu  nof  ^  ..  *  .       .    .  * 

tft  aninii  nSu  convomi,  Q"®  ^®"^*^"  converei  animi,  compressus  et  omi 
01  Impetus :  hortamur  fari,  quo  sanguine  cretua ; 

74.  Eum  fari,  ex  quo  Quidve  ferat,  memoret,  quae  sit  (iducia  cmpto. 
■an^inecretus  Ht ;  me-  lHe  hsBC,  deposit^  tandem  formidine,  fatur : 
"nu^SJ"'*  ^*'[''^^"»-^*'  Cuncta  equidem  Ubi,  Rex,  fuerint  quecunque, 
Arffolica  Vera,  mquit :  neque  rae  Argouca  de  gente  ne| 

79.  Hoc  esi  primum :  Hoc  primum :  nec  si  raiserum  fbrtuna  Sinonen 
nec,  n  improba  fortuna  Finxit,  vanum  etiam  mendacemque  improba  fii 
finxit  Sinonem  Fando  aliquid  si  forte  tuas  pervenit  ad  aures 

83.   Quem   msontem  g^ijj^    ^^^^^  Palamedis,  et  inclyta  fama 
PeJaflffi    demisere    neci  ^,     .  r  i  a       ,  ,-^.         t»  i 

•ub  faba  prodiUone,  in-  Glona  :  quem  falsa  siib  prodiUone  Pelasgi 

iando  Insontem,  in&ndo  indicio,  quia  bella  vetabat, 

85.  M  nunc  lu^t  Demisere  neci ;  nunc  cassum  lumine  lugent : 

*•***    „  Illi  me  comitem,  et  consanguinitate  propinquui 

Ju  il^^^irMn  P-P-  »  «™a  Pafe'  Fi™>  «-«0  mi«t  ab  and 
88.   Dum   Falamides  Dum  stabat  regno  incolumis,  regnumque  viget 
■tabat  Consiliis,  et  nos  aliquod  nomenque  decusque 

NOTES. 

74i  Impetus  :  fury — violence.     Compres'  of  falsehood.     What  he  says  o 

«11« :  restrained.  Tiie  verb  est  ia  understood.  downrig^ht  faltehood ;  what  ho 

75.  Memoret :  in  the  sense  of  dicat,  Qtxuf  lamedes  is  in  substance  truo. 
ferat :  what  mcssaKo  or  news  he  brou^ht,  or  might  have  been  known  to  tho 
what  confidonce  tnere  niig^ht  be  placcd  in  common  report,  (fando  aliqti 
him,  a  captive.  This  is  tiie  senso  usually  the  circumstances  of  it  might  ni 
given  to  the  words ;  but  Valpy  crives  tiicm  By  rclating  them,  therefurc,  h 
another  tum :  ^^  What  lie  mighi  have  to  re-  fail  of  bccoming  interesting,  o 
late  in  his  own  defence,  and  wiiat  ground  favorable  reception,  and  of  pi 
he  had  for  hoping  for  mercy,  now  he  was  a  way  for  thc  accomplishmcnt  of 
prisoner.^'  83.  Sub  fnlsa  prodittone:  u 

77.  Cuncta  vera :   the  whole  truth — all  accusation  of  treachery — ^treaso 

Jiin|rs  true.     Hcyne  and  Valpy  read,  quod-  ludcs  to  the  lettors,  which  UIj 

eunque  fuerit^  for  qutr^Mnque^  &c.  mentioned  above.    Pelasgi.   Sa 

80.  Vanum  :  in  the  scnse  of  faUaccm,  84.  Infando  indicio,  Tiiis  a 
Pimdt :  hath  mado,  or  rendered.  Improba  :  gold,  which  Ulysscs  convcyed 
in  the  senso  of  advcrsa.  and   pretcnded  to   have  been  i 

•81.  iSt  ybW^, /a^i^o  a/iYUi</:  if  by  chancc,  Priam.     This    was    adduced 

by  common  report,  the  name  of,  &c.    Fando  against  him  :  we  may  tlierefon 

aHquid :  the  saine  as  dum  aliquid  dicitur,  fando  indicio :  upon  an  iniquitc 

J^arratione  aliprum^  says  Hoyne.  Qi/m  rclabat  bella,     This  was  ; 

82.    Belida  Palamedis.     Palamcdes  was  from  Palainodes  being  opposet 

the  son   of   Nauplius  king  of   Eubcea,  an  against  Troy,  that  he  was  amoi 

island   in   the  ^gean  sea,  and  dcscended  promotc  it. 

from  BeliUy  a  king  of  Africa,  by  ,^mymone^  85.  Cassum  htmine :  deprivei 

the  daughter  of  Danaus.     Ulysses,  to  avoid  of  life.      Demiscre :   they    coi 

roing  to  the  Trojan  war,  pretended  to  bo  dcath. 

usane ;  but  tho  deception  was  discovcrcd  by  86.  /7/t  me  comitem,    Here, 

Palamedes.      See    note    7,    supra.      Tliis,  speaks  falscly.     So  far  froin  hii 

Ulysses    never    forgave,    and    finally    he  lation  of  Palamedes^  he  was  tii 

wrought  his  ruin,  by  accusing  hun  of  hold-  Ulysscs,  whose  mother   was  t 

ing  a  correspondence  with  Priam.     To  sup-  ^sinus,  tho  father  of  Sinon. 

port  this  cliargc,    he    forged    lettors   from  87.  Jib  primis  artnis :  not  fro 

Priam  to  Palamcdes,  which  ho  prctendcd  to  cy,  but  from  the  first  ycars  of 

have  intercepted.     He  also  coiiveycd  gold  arms,  which  among  the  Roman 

to  his  tent,  pretending  it  was  sent  from  Priam  agc  of  scvcnteen.     Arma :  by 

as   a  brihe.     Upon  wliich  Palamcdcs  was  88.  Rcgno,     Regnum  may  i 

EccuflH  of  treason,  and  stoncd  to  dcath.  tlie  kingdom  of  Eulxea,  wher 

The  wholo  of  Sinon*s  speech  is  artful,  reig-ned  ;    or    the   confcderate 

and  oalciilatod  to  imposu  upon  his  audionce,  council   of  the  Grecian    state 

being  made  up,  partly  of  truth,  and  partly  lcagucd  together  for  the  destrud 


1 


iENEIS     LIB.  11.  20^ 

invidia  postquam  pellacis  Ulyssei  90 

^ta  lonuor)  superis  coiiceR.sit  ab  oris ; 

tani  in  tenebris  luctuqiie  trahebam,  9S.  E^  «fHietiM  Xn^ 

nsontis  mecum  indignabar  amici.  hebom  vitain 

lemens :  et  me,  fors  si  qua  tulisset,  ^    Et   promim   mm 

mquam  remeAssem  victor  ad  Argos,  96/*'';?  ultorem,  ai  qua  fon 

orem,  et  verbis  odia  aspera  niovi.  ^ 

pnma  mali  labes:  hinc  semper  Ulyssea  97.  HincVlywaeBcuatH 

terrere  novis :  hinc  spargere  voces  tempor 

ambiguas,  et  qusBfere  conscius  arma. 

vit  enim,  donec  Calchante  ministro—         100 

To  hiBC  autem  nequicquam  ingrata  revolvo  ? 

ror  ?  si  omnes  uno  ondine  habetis  Archivos, 

re  sat  est ;  jamdudum  sumite  |Ht;nas. 

18  velit,  et  magno  mercentur  Atridae.  104.    Bfagno   prth». 

-6  ardemus  scitari,  et  quairere  causas,         105  Twn  verA juMignari  tan- 

1?  Tfc  I  lomm 

erum  tantorum  artisque  Pelasgse. 

r  pavitans,  et  ficto  pectore  fatur : 

n  Danai  Troji  cupiere  reiicti 

NOTES. 

mu  atiquod:  I  also  bore  some  out  his  being  consulted.    This  sndden  pause 

nd  honor.    £i:  ia  the  lense  of  and  transition  are  ▼err  artfullj  contrived, 

.*  for  egf,  &nd  show  the  great  Judgment  of  the  poet  in 

iperuoris:  from  the  upper  re-  thc  management  of  his  lubject.    Requieoii: 

upperworid.     ConccMt/ :  in  the  in  tlie  »enseofc«Maini|.    £mm :  inthesenM 

essii.  of  equidem. 

nalhtr:  I  grieved,  or  repined  at  iqi.  ^utem:  here  isanezpletive;  orused 

my  mnocent  fnend.  in  the  sense  of  veri,  vel  eqvidem,    Revoloo: 

funeetaetn:  I,  a  fool,  did  not  jn  the  sense  of  narro.     J^equieqwim:   in 

ace.     Dementy  compoundcd  of  vain— to  nopurpose:   because  the  relation 

Siqua/ort:  if  any  opportu-  of  those  unpleasant  topics  would  not  save 

ce  should  preaent.    Tulisiei :  m  his  life.     Habetu:  if  je  regard  or  consider. 

obtulttni,  u^Q  ordine:   on  one  footing — in  the  same 

iMem :  m  the  sense  of  rediissnn,  gtate,  or  condition  of  enemies. 

mihi  prvna:   h^ce   the    first         ^     Jamdudum,    This  is  to  be  taken  u 
sfortune  to  rae.     Labes,  proper-    .,  ./ufHawai»^     xui.  »  »u  u«i  »ili»i  mi 

-•-;-.  ^  ui^^i.u      A       n     •  -     the  sense  of  jom.     Or  we  must  suppose,  ae 
i  stam,  or  blemisn.    An  allusion     p.     «,_        r  ...      .    iT'^      . 

e  to  the  flrst  appearance  of  a  ^J'  J^^Pf  ''^^  wmethmg  to  he  under- 

^ntagious  diw^ai  breaking  out  "^^^f  *     ^"'»*'«  petnasjamdudum  debetas,  or 

rface  of  the  body  in  sp»,ls.     Si-  "*®  "*'• 

ition  that  he  would  avengc  the         104.  Jthaeus,    Uljsses  is  so  called  fpom 

amodea  roused  the  bitter  rciwnt.  ftftara^  a  barren  and  rocky  island  in   the 

lecs;  and  from  thattime,  (hine,)  ^on»"»  ^^  where  he  was  bom,  and  where 

plot  his  destruction.      Labes :  '^"  ^a^«'  Laertes  reigned.    Smon  gives  tliie 

»  of  er^,  vel  eausa,     FuU  is  appellation  to  him  by  way  of  contcmpt. 

jilridte:    Agamemnon    and   Menelaus,  the 

mmtmftia:  with  new  charges  sons  of  Atreus.    Their  religion  required  that 

le.    Foees:  is  the  sense  ofvKrba^  *  devoted  victim  tliat  had  escaped  from  tho 

altar,  should  be  put  to  death  wherevcr  found : 

ius:  coneoioae,  (of  his  crime-^  ^"^  Sinon  having  been  dci«tiiicd  as  a  victim 

giiiitj  of  the  death  of  Paiame-  ^o  ^e  gods,  to  procure  favorable  winds  for 

m  to  seek  the  means  of  destroy-  ^«i^  retum,  notliing  could  afford  the  Greoka 

Jirma :  the  raeans  or  iniple-  »«  general,  and  the  leaders   in    particular 

lieb  anv  thing  is  done.     Valpy  treater  ioy,  than  to  hear  that  tho  Trojana 

moe  of  defence  against  Sinon.  ^»<*  PU^  him  to  death.    Hor  relU :  Uiis,  Ulys- 

Umie  wnnisiro :  Calchas  being  ■««  wishes,  and  the  sons  of  Atreus  wiU  piuv 

— beingemployed.  Calchas  was  chase  it  at  a  great  pnce. 

itheayer  in  the  Grecian  camp,  *   106.  .^rtis :  in  the  senae  oTfiaudiM     P^ 

9ttmy  i&onMDt  waa  done  with-  ia^ :  Grecian     Bee  ifiA.  \.  Qlti 


M6  P.  VIRGIL1I  MARONIS 

Moliri,  et  longo  fessi  discedere  bello. 

ilO.    Aspera    hyemi  Fecissentque  utinam  .  Ssepe  illos  aspera  pL^nli 

ponu  mterc  u-it,  ot  W  interclusit  hyeras,  et  terruit  Austcr  euntes. 
*^r  temiit  illoa  euntet.      ^        .«;.,.  ... 

rraecipue,  cum  jam  hic  trabibus  contextus  acc 

Staret  equus,  toto  sonuerunt  aethere  nimbi. 

Suspensi  Eurypylum  scitatum  oracula  Ph(cbi 

Mittimus :  isque  adytis  heec  tristia  dicta  repor 

116.  ODanaifVOf  pla-  Sanguine  plac&stis  ventos,  et  virgine  cesa, 

^^i*  Cum  primum  Iliacas,  Danai,  venistis  ad  oraa : 

118.Rodittisnm/que  Sanguine  quserendi  reditus,  anim^ue  litandui 

'•*5^i*  TT*  .*  Argohci.     Vulgi  quae  vox  ut  venit  ad  aures. 

.119.  UtqufB voxTemt  A^,'='.  •    •        i-j  !• 

^  Obstupuere  animi,  gehdusque  per  ima  cucum 

121.  Omnet  sunt  toH-  Ossa  tremor ;  cui  fata  parent,  quem  poscat  A 
eiii  notcere^cui  fkta  pa-  jjic  Ithacus  vatem  magno  Calchanta  tumultu 
reai  martem  Protrahit  in  medios  :  quae  sint  ea  numina  Div 

Flagitat :  et  mihi  jam  multi  crudele  canebant 
Aiiificis  scelus,  et  taciti  ventura  videbant. 
dis  quinos  silet  ille  dies,  tectusque  recosat 
Prodere  voce  sua  quemquam,  aut  opponere  n 
Vix  tandem  raagnis  Ithaci  clamoribus  actus, 
Compositd  rumpit  vocem,  et  me  destinat  arsD 

NOTES. 

109.  Molirifugam:  in  the  sense  of  ^/^cre  the  virgin  wai  broag^ht  to  thi 
fvgam,  formed  them  that  Diana  was 

110.  Atpera  hyena:  a  violent  storm  at  that  act  of  subminion;' but  d< 
sea.  the  virgin  should  be  tranvporU 

112.  Contextus:  framed,  or  built  of  ma-  and  there  serve  her  incapaciti 

gle  timber.     Some  part  of  the  horKO  might  The  virgin  voat  slain  in  intenti 

ave  been  built  of  inaple,  othors  of  fir  and  only  by  the  interpositibn   of 

pine:  so  that  thc  poet  inay  be  consistent  in  This  warrants  the  expression 

what  he  sayn  uf  thiM  same  machinc,  vcrse  Virgine  casa, 
15:  fntexunt  roxlas  sfcld  abiete ;  and  also  in         118.  Litandum:  ager.  intfi 

verse  25U,  infra,  whcre  he  calls  it,  pinea  lito :  an  atonement  must  be  i 

etaustra.  lifc  of  a  Greek.     Rua.'us  intcr 

113.  Sonuerunt:  raged — roared.  Kimbi:  er{ficandum,  But  it  impiie-R  n 
iurbines<,8aLytf  lleync.     See  Mn,  i.  102.  ply  to  offer  sacritice;  it  includ 

114.  Susptnsi:  m  suspense  we  send  Eu-  expiation,  or  atoncment.  T) 
rypulus.  Homer  informs  us  that  he  wos  a  .  dum  \ms  a  peculiar  signiticati 
famous  augur,  and  brought  with  him  forty  hos  the  form  of  a  noun,  it  rota 
ships  to  tho  Trojan  war.  Seitaium:  to  con-  of  the  verb ;  and  implies  the  f 
Bult ;  a  Rup.  in  um,  from  the  vorb  seitor,  put  or  obiigation^  to  do^  or  petform 
afler  mittimus^  a  vcrb  of  motion.  123.  Kumina  Diviim :  the 

115.  Adi/tis.  Adytum  was  the  most  se-  or  response  of  the  gods.  wVii 
eret,  aa  woll  as  tho  most  socred  place  of  the  vcrb  nuo :  I  cxpress  my  will  li 
temple,  and  whcre  the  images  of  tho  gods  124.  Etjam:  and  now  ma 
were  placed — the  shrine  from  which  the  me  the  atrocious  dcsign,  or  pl 
responses  wero  delivored.     It  is  govemed  lanous  man. 

by  the  preposition  a  or  ab^  undorstood.  125.  Taciti :   not  silent;  fi 

116.  Placastis  ventos :    ye   appeased   the  contradict  what  is  soid  just 
winds  with  blood,  and  a  virgin  slain,  when,  quiet,  contcnt,  well  satisficd. 
&c.  tho  scnse  of  res  ventunu,     Tl 

Tho  Grccks,  on  thcir  way  to  the  siege  of  why  cajiere  came  to  signify  t 

Troy,  caino  to  Aulis^  a  port  of  Beotia,  where  lo  forcte.ll^  is,  that  tho  re«poii 

Diana,  incciiHed  against  Agamemnon  for  were  at  first  delivcred,  and  wi 
killing  onc  of  hcr  favorite  deor,  withhcld  tlic  126.  Ttrfiu:  in  the  seuse  o 
wind.     Upon  which  Calchas   was  sent  to         127.  Prodere:  in  tho  senae 

consult  tlio  oraclo  upon  the  subject.  He  Opponere:  in  the  sense  of  d^n 
MTOUght  back  tlio  answer  that  Iphigenia^  \ho         128.  Tandrm  vix  actus:  al 

daughter  of  Agamemnon,  must  be  sacrificed  ditHouIty  forcod  or  compelled, 
to  appeaae  the  anger  of  the  goddou.    When        129.  Rumpit  voeem:  he  ope 


l 


iENEIS.    UB.  n  907 

JSmmere  omnes:  et,  que  sibi  quiaque  timebat,         130 

^lttQBin  mifleri  ejutium  conversa  tulere.  131.  CooTena  mm  ia 

Jimque  dies  infiinda  aderat :  mihi  sacra  parari,  exitium  

El  salsas  fruges,  et  circum  tempora  vittae.  ^^   ®**^  ci^nnmi 

Eripoi,  &teor,  leto  me,  et  vincula  rupi :  pw 

.Limosoque  lacu  per  noctem  obscurus  in  ulv^  ISS 

-fiditiii,  dum  vela  darent,  si  forte  dedissent 
Nec  mihi  jaro  patriam  antiquam  spes  ulla  videndi, 
Nec  dulces  natos  exoptatumque  parentem  : 
QiiOB  illi  fors  ad  pcenas  ob  noetra  reposcent 
Bfibgia,  et  culpam  hanc  miserorum  morte  piabunt     140 
HliM  te,  per  Superos  et  conscia  numina  veri ;  141.  Qudd  oro  te,  per 

Per,  si  qua  est,  que  reitat  adhuc  mortalibus  usquam,        Supero»,  et  numma  oon- 
bitemerata  fidea,  oro ;  miserere  laborum  ■°'*  T!"  \  ^^  •TTj  " 

rantorum;  miserere  anuni  non  digna  ferentis.  144  que 

His  lachrymis  vitam  damus,  et  miserescimus  ultr6. 

^¥^^0  primus  manicas  atque  arcta  levan  146.  Priamus  ipse  pn- 

_jla  jubet  Prtamus ;  dictisque  ita  fatur  amicis  :  ^^  j^bet 

Quisquis  es,  amiseoe  hinc  jam  obliviscere  Graios. 
Nofter  eris :  mihique  haec  edissere  vera  roganti :       149 
Qud  roofem  hanc  immanis  equi  statu^re  ?  quis  auctor  ? 

Quidve  petunt  ?  que  relligio  ?  aut  quae  machina  beili  ?         151.   Qu«  religio  eH 
iKxerat     IDe,  dolis  instructus  et  arte  Pelasgi,  *"  ^ 

BiBtiilii  exutas  vinclis  ad  sidera  paknas : 

NOTES. 

tSKk  EistmUrtqum:  thej  permitted  (were        138.  Natot:  in  the  sense  of /i6erM.     Kt^ 

.  ^QBteat  io  bave)  whai  every  one  feared  to  opiaium :  dear — greatly  beloved. 

^UHelA  to  be  tomed  io  the  deatruction  of        139.  Qucw  illi  fors:  whom  thcy,  perhape, 

,  ^Mt  uhappy  being.     TuUrt  eoncarsa :  aim-  will  demand  for  punishmcnt  on  account  oi 

iJjy  Ibr  eeneerfenml,  eayB  Heyne.  mv  escape;  and  will  ezpiate  this  fault  of 

133.  SaUmfrugti :  the  Mdted  cakes.    This  mmo  by  the  dcath  of  those  innocenta. 
^ifci  wmm  made  of  bran,  or  meai,  mized  with        Here  the  poet  alludes  to  an  ancicnt  law 

•dl,  muA  called  moto.     They  sprinkled  it  among  the  Romans,  which  Bubjcctcd  chil- 

^MB  tha  head  of  the  yictim,  the  fire  of  the  dren  to  sufier  for  ■ome  particular  crimes, 

%fkar,  and  upon  the  sacrificing  knife.     The  committed  against  thc  stato  by  their  parents. 
wiainony  was  called  immolaiio:  hence  the         143.  Jniemeraia:  inviolable— pure — holy. 

Mb  immoUure  came  to  signiiy,  io  taerUiet  Lahorvm :  sufierings. 
hfmeTal.  rUtm:  theoewerefiUetoof  white        144.  Animi:  animus,  the  soul,  is  hcre 

vool,  with  which  the  temples  of  the  vicUm,  jj^^  by  meton.  for  /Ae  man,  viz.  Sinon,- 

"      %!t!^  '"**"  ^  ■tatuee  of  the  gods,  pjty  me  bearing  such  undeserved,  br  unme- 

I  ooond.  f  il^  treatment.    JWm  digna :  in  the  sense 

194.    /li^  vineuia,     The  victims  were  of  indigna, 

Mt  aad  unbound  when  they  were  brought        145.  Manieai :  hand-cuffs.    Jlreta  vitiela : 

BDrward  to  the  altar.    Bot  even  so,  it  is  not  tjghi  cords 

Sli!^ fr«m*!h!!^^rriid  ^L^^  149.   Erftuere:   declar^peak,      Fera: 

:Sff  STm^rh^.^^B;^':^  plu.ofrerum,truth. 

w  may  understand  that  he  broke  ihe  pri-  ^  l^O.  Qui  */aftiere :  for  what  purpoee  did 

Mn  in  which  he  was  confined  against  the'  ^«7  «'«^t  this  mass  of  a  huje  horse  ?  Who 

4a7orsacrifice,andmadehisescape.     Any  was  the  author  of  it  ?    The  foUowmg  mter- 

th&f  that  binda,  holds,  or  restrains  another,  rogatories,  as  Mr.  Davidson  observes,  are 

be  callcd  omoi/um.     £n>ui ;  rescued  elliptical.    They  are  thus  supplied  :   Quirf 

..liTefod.  petunif    What  do  they  mtend?     Is  it  to 

135.  DeiUuunu  obieuruM:  and  I  lay  con-  ^^^^^  wme  duty  of  rcligion?     If  it  be  so, 

iMorhid.    Laeu.    Lacus  hero  means  o  ^  re/i/fto .?    What  duty  or  motive  of  rob- 

■-  or  manhy  ground.    Utva:  weeds,  or  «1^^  led  to  it?    Or  is  it  an  cnguie  of  war  f 

fm  If  so,  qua  machina  belli  ?    What  engine  ot 

1S7.  Anhquam  :  dear  country ;  or  anii'    ^*'  "  "  * 

may  be  ueed  in  the  sense  of  veierem^        153.  Extitai  vinclis  :   free  firom  eord»— 

fettors 


mi^i 


iOS  P-  VfRGILII  MARONIS 

154.  Ait:  Torto/  tor,  Vos,  a;1em]  ignes,  et  non  violabile  Testrum 

O  Btemi  ignoa,  Tealor  nuraen,  ait ;  vos,  arae,  ensesque  nemivii 

IA6.    7M/or    voi,   O  q       ^    •     ^^^^^^^^  Dedm,  quas  hosUa  getci : 

r  as  mihi  Graiorum  sacrata  resolvere  juni ; 

158.  Fm  est  mihi  Pas  odisse  viros,  atque  omnia  ferre  sub  aunu, 
^^'"^  Si  qua  tegunt :  teneor  patriie  nec  legibus  ullij. 

160.  Modo  tu,  O  Tro-  Tu  mod6  promissis  maneas,  servataque  serveii 
ja,  mancafl  jideli»  pro-  Troja  fidem  :  si  vera  feram,  si  magna  rependai 

""^IS?  '«!fi  ««;«  —  «„^      Omnis  si^es  Danadm,  et  ccepti  fiducia  belli, 

164.  Sed  enim  ez  quo  ^k  „    ,.        *  .,••  ..  .-.       t 

temwore  iinuius  Palladis  auxilns  semper  stetit.     Impius  ex  quo 

168.  Ausique     Muni  Tydidcs  sed  enim  scelerumque  inventor  Ulys» 
oontingere  Fatale  aggressi  sacrato  avellere  templo 

169.  Ex  illo  tempore  Palladium,  ciesis  sunimae  custodibus  arcis, 

■pei  Danaftni  sublapsa  Corripuere  sacram  efligiem  ;  manibuaque  cnw 
ttepH  uU6re  ^t.  •  i^.  ..  ... 

^.^   „  ^       Yirgmeas  ausi  Divae  contmirere  vittas : 

170.  l{.orum viresfrac-  «     -11     /•  *  a      ui  r : 

%m  tuni  et  ^^  *^^  fluere,  ac  retro  sublapsa  refem 

172.  Vix  .imulacrum  Sj^es  Danaflm ;  fractaB  yires,  aversa  Deae  meni 
JuU  positum  in  castri»,  ^^  dubus  ea  signa  dedit  Tntonia  monstns. 
ewn  coruBca  Vix  positum  castris  simulacrum ;  a  «re  conia 

NOTES. 

164.   Tedor  vos:  ye  etemal  fires,  I  call  vt7/<B,  with  which  he  wai  to  hava 

you,  and  your  inviolable  divinity,  to  wit-  were  bo  many  witneeies  that 

QOM.  imder  no  obligations  to  regard 

Some  think  this  is  an  allusion  to  the  fire  of  the  Greeks,  who  had  withdi 

of  tlie  altar.     But  Servius,  with  more  pro-  tection  froin  him. 

priety,  thinks  the  sun,  moon,  and  othor  hca-  161.  Si  feram  vera :  if  I  reli 

venly  luininaries  are  meant:  which  the  an-  if  I  repay  thee  largely — great  t 

cientit  thought  to  be  grlobes  of  fire,  to  shine  164.  Enim :  in  the  aeiMe  of 

with  thctr  own  proper  lustre;  aiid  to  be  in-  166.  Fatale  Palladium.     Tl 

habited  b^"  divinitics.     The  fire  of  the  altar  was  a  statue  of  Pallas with  a  sin 

could  hardly  be  called  eiemal^  unless  thcre  spcar.     It  was  said  to  have  fall 

be  an  allusion  to  tlie  fire  of  VeMta,  vcn  near  the  tent  of  Iha^  when ', 

155.  ^efandi  en$es :  ye  horrid  instruments  ing  the  citadel  of  Troy.  Som 
of  death,  which  I  escaped.  I  take  enstM  niade  of  the  bones  of  P^topj.  . 
here  for  the  iinplements  used  in  offoringthe  agrce  that  it  was  a  plcdge  of 
■acrifice,  such  as  the  axe,  knife,  &c.  Troy. 

156.  Fitta-que  Deum :  and  yefillets  of  the  Ulysses  and  Diomede  entorc 
gods,  which  as  a  victim  I  wore.  where  it  stood,  and  carricd  it 

In  order  to  excite  their  compassion  the  Grccian  camp,  having  slain  th 

more,  and  to  show  the  horrid  apprehensions  is  callod  fatade^  because,  on  th« 

he  had  of  the  act,  he  speaks  as  if  he  had  of  it,  Uie  proservation  of  Troj 

actually  becn  brought  to  the  altur,  and  as  if  169.  £x  Hlo :  from  that  tam< 

that  had   been  actually  put  in  ezocution,  the  Greeks,  tottering,  bcgan  U 

which  had  only  been  intended  against  him.  be  carricd  backward. 

157.  Sarrata  jura  :  sacrod  obligations.  This  is  a  metaphor  taken  1 
/us  proporly  sipiifies  a  natural  right,  law,  standing  on  a  slippery  place,  a 
duty,  or  obligation.  It  differs  from  /a/,  culty  maintaining  his  positioi 
which  propcrly  signifies  a  divine  right,  law,  movement  of  his  body  destroyi 
frc.  Any  Uiing  that  the  laws  of  God  per-  um.  At  first  he  totters,  and 
mit  may  be  called  fas,  fro  in  order  to  rccover  himseli 

158.  Sub  auras  :  into  Hght.  do  it,  he  is  bome  away,  and 

159.  Siqua  tegunt:  if  any  lie  hid.    JWe  with  accolerated  motion. 
vtfu  tegitnts,,  &c     He  is  no  longer  bound  by  171.  TVitonia,    This  was  a 
any  ties  of  his  country.     He  is  at  liberty  to  las  or  Minerva,  taken  frora  a  li 
break  or  dissolve  his  allogiance,  and  place  called  Tritonot  where  she  it 
hiinself  under  the  protection  of  the  Trojans.  been  bom :  or,  at  leaot,  where 
Their  birbarous  treatment  had  cancellcd  all  her  appearance  on  earth.    A 
hlB  obIigaUon«  to  them :  the  artt  on  which  digies — ^indicaUons  of  her  ang 
ba  was  to  have  been  slain — the  enses  ntfhn^  172.  Corusen  fiammm :   apa 
ii,  bj  which  he  was  to  have  been  alain — the  flashed  from  her  steadjr  eyei 


K 


1- 


iENElS.     LID.  Jl.  900 

iMiifiibus  flainmie  arrectis,  sa1sus(iiie  per  artuii 

Hldor  iit,  ten|ue  ip»a  solo,  niirabile  dictu ! 

Einicuit,  pannaiTKiuc  fercns  liastanique  trcinentem. 

Ei(empl6  tentanda  fiigi  canit  <equora  Calchas  ;  176      l*^**  fi^aom  tentanda 

Nec  posse  Argolicis  exscindi  Pergama  telis,  **•* 

Cteiina  ni  repetant  Argis,  numenque  reducant, 

Quod  pelago  et  curvis  secuni  advexere  carinis. 

Et  nunc  qudd  patrias  vento  pctiere  Mycenas  ;  180 

Anna  Deosque  parant  comites,  pelagoque  remenso, 

Improvisi  aderunt :  ita  digerit  oniina  Calchas. 

Hanc  pro  Palladic  moniti,  pro  numine  kjso,  183,  lUi  moniti  rta- 

Effigiem  statu^re,  nefas  quae  triste  piaret ;  ^*^"  ^*^°  effig.cai  «71«, 

Hanc  tamen  immensam  Calchas  attollere  molem        186  **  J^^  Tamen  Calchas 

Roboribus  textis,  cceloque  cducere  jussit :  juMit  eos  attoliore 

Ne  recipi  portis,  aut  duci  in  mccnia  possit ; 

Neu  populum  antiqua  sub  relligione  tueri.  ^^^*  ^**"  diethai^  01 

Nam  si  vestni  manus  vioiasset  dona  Minervas  ;  189  ^^f^^^    ^.^^^^^   ^^j^ 

I  um  magnum  exitium  (quod  1)1  prius  omen  m  ipsimi        ultro  venturam  eut 

Convertant)  Priami  impcrio  Phrygibusque  futurum  :  196.   Ao«-que,    quoe 

Sin  manibus  vestris  vestram  ascendisset  in  urbem,  neque  Tydiden,  nec  La- 

Uhrd  Asiam  magno  Pelopeia  ad  mcenia  bello  ™'«"»  Achilieg  domnit; 

V^4.  X         A  A.*  .  wWi   quo«    deccm    anni 

'S^?"'^.''^"?^^"^  ?^  .^^"  ""^"^^  "''P''^^^-  ,..  nondLuere;  ^wotmille 

Talibus  maidns,  perjunque  arte  Smonis,  193  cwime    non     dmmurt^ 

Credita  res :  captique  dolis,  lachrymisque  coactis,  capti  twru  dolis 

NOTES. 

Wre  meatinned  are  tnilj  ominous ;  and  «uf-  Omtna.     Some  copiee  have  Mima.     />i- 

^eat  to  have  excited  in  the  minds  of  the  gerit :  interprots — ezpiains. 

OimIu  fear  and  alarm.  184.  Qufl!  ^iaret :    which  might  ezpiate 

174.  fyta :  the  ^oddeee— the  image  of  the  the  horrid  crime  of  carrying  off  fiie  Palla- 
C^Bddeae.     EmieuU :  in  the  eense  of  salivit,  dium  from  her  temple. 

175.  Parmmm — fuutam:  the  ehield  and  186. /2o6ort6ixi /cx/w :  with  compacted  or 
Wnndiahed  spear.  These  were  the  arms  by  joincd  timber.  Robur  propcrly  signifies  the 
Whieh  the  Palladium  was  distinguished.  heart  of  the   oak.     Hence   it  may  ai^ify 

176.  Canii:  in  the  eense  ofdeelarat,  Ca^  timber  in  genoral,  and  all  wooden  materials, 
m0  i»  properly  applied  to  oracles  and  pre-  as  planlcs,  boards,  &c.  JmmerMim :  ver/ 
^etions.     It  implies  that  Calchas  spoke  by  high.     Molem :  for  equum, 

iMpiraUon,  and  declared  it  to  be  the  will  of        igs.  JSTeu  tueri :    nor  defend   the  peopie 

Ihairoda,  that  tke  sea,  kc,     Exscindi :    be  undcr  their  ancient  religion— under  Ihe  rr- 

nna     deetroyed.  li^ious  pfflrouage  and  protection  of  theiran- 

178.  Ai  repetara :  unless  they  should  re-  cient  guar<?.an  ^oddese,  Pallas,  or  Miuerva. 

BMi  the  omens  at  Argos,  and  bring  back         mn     1      •  u-  u .»       «1  ^ 

tC  SerVio.  observes,  allude.  to  a  cus-  ^^'  "i^.^^     "*  "'^"  kT'  ?  T  ^  ^ 

too  of  tbe  Romans,  when  they  were  unsuc-  l'  ^^"^^  ^?  '"**"'  Tif  ^    .1;      %T'\Z 

eMAil  m  war,  trretnm  home,  and  again  ^«^'5^'»*«»»"«  «^Pon  the  Greek-.     Some  c«- 

ceMuKtheomen.:or,iftheyweretoofar  P»"  have  tn  tpio*. 

ftr  that  purpoM,  they  used  to  appropriate  a        193-  ^«aw».    Asia  Mmor,  or  Naiolia,  m 

Mfft  of  the  enemy's  territory,  and  call    it  ^hich  Troy  was  situated.     Il  is  put,  by  me- 

RoiM,  where  they  renewed  the  omen..   Au-  ^on.  for  the  inhabiUnts.      67/re.      Serviu. 

r  .•  the  Pa//«/ttim— the  image  or  symbol  explains  this  by  tlatim,     But  tlio  usual  ac- 

PaUaa'   divinity ;   which   Sinon    would  ceptation  of  the  word  is  easier,  and  more 

to  the  Trojans  believe  had  been  carried  emphatic.    Peiopeia  meenia :  the  city  Argoe, 

te  AiBM :  and  in  the  moan  time,  until  they  «*^here  Pelops  reigned :  by  synoc.   put  for 

ihiulrt  retnm,  a.  an  atonement  or  o/Tering  Grecce  in  general.    See  (Jeor.  iii.  7. 
to  tho  offended  goddes.  (numtne  /cjo,)  the         194.  Ea/ala:  the  .ame  fate  or  deetinj, 
OffMka  had  baut,  and  conMcimtod  to  her,        195.  Inridiis:  in  the  sense  offrauditim, 
b  Imnm.  196.  Coaetis  laehrymis:  by  his  foign#<l  or 

%d%m  Armm  s   troope — foroes,  by  roeton.  forced  tearai     Some  <*opieo  read  eoanU^  in 

14 


SIO  P.  VIUGiLTI  MARONJS 

Qiios  neqiie  Tydides,  nec  Larisseus  AchiUei, 
Non  anni  doinuere  decem,  non  mille  carinae. 
190.  Hla  aliiid  majug      Hic  aliud  majus  miseris  multdque  tremenduni 
INWvtuinmalt^uoma.  Objiciiur  magis,  alque  improvida  pectora  turkml 
g    tremen  um  Laocoon,  ductus  Ncptuno  sorte  sacerdos, 

Solenncs  tauruni  ingentem  mactabat  ad  araa. 
Ecce  autcm  gemini  a  Tenedo  tranc|uilla  per  alti 
804.  Gemini  anguea  (Horresco  referens)  immensis  orbibus  angues 
wmteniet  a  Tenedo  per  incumbunt  pelago,  pariterque  ad  litora  tendunt 
^"  Pectora  quorum  inlcr  fluctus  arrecta,  jubieque 

Sanguiricffi  exsuperant  undas :  pars  cstera  pon 
Pone  legit,  sinuatque  immensa  volumine  terga. 
Fit  sonitus  spumante  salo  :  jamque  arva  teneba 
810.   Suffecti    quoad  Ardcntesque  oculos  suffecti  sanguine  et  igni, 
■'^^  Sibila  lambebant  linguis  vibrantibus  ora. 

Diflugimus  visu  exsangues :  illi  agmine  certo 
Laocoonta  petunt :  et  primum  parva  duorum 
Corpora  natorum  serpens  amplexus  uterque 

NOTES. 

the  nom.  agreeing  with  ito«,  meaning  the  gives  the  gpreater  probability  to 

Trcj^B.     But  this  is  not  so  easv  and  natu-  of  the  wooden  hone,  and  accov 

rai ;  oor  doos  it  so  well  agree  with  the  sub-  credulity  of  the  Trojans. 

ject.     The  poct  uniformly  rcprcsenta  Sinon  202.  Sotennes  arat:  the  appoi 

as  an  inipo8tor,  a  chcat,  and  all  his  words  503.  Tenedo,    Tenedos  is  hen 

and  tears  foigned  and  disscnibled.     Scrvius  to  signify,  as  Servius  sayB,  thi 

Btrongly  insifits  upon  coaetit.     Valpy  rcads  wcrc  to  conie  from  hcncc  to  the 

eoaeti,     Heyne,  coactis,  of  Troy.      Per   tranquiUa  alta 

197.  LarisstKus:  an  adj.  from  Larista^  a  smooth  or  calm  sea.  This  circ 
town  of  Thc8i»aly,  near  Pkthia^  tho  place  mentioned,  because  it  would  affc 
whero  Acliillcs  was  born.  jaiis  an  opportunity  the  better  i 

198.  ^ltiUt  carina.  Homer  makes  1186  whole  progross  of  tho  scrpents,  I 
■hips  in  ali,  that  went  in  tiie  IVojan  expcdi-  dreadful  hissings,  and  cvory  las 
tion.  Carina^  the  keel.  put,  by  Hynec.  for  thc  wavcs :  it  adds  much  tcrro: 
the  whole  ship.     Tlie  poets  often  use  a  dc-  deous  spectacle. 

finite  number  for  an  indeiinite,  particularly  204.  Rcfcreiu :  in  the  scnpc 

if  the  nunihor  be  very  larire.  Orbibus :  in  the  sensc  of  spiris. 

199.  //U-  aliiid :  herc  another  greater  pro-  205.  Inrumbunt :  with  their  in 
digy,  and  onc  much  more  to  be  drcaded,  is  they  rest  (swim)  upon  the  sea ; 
presented  to  our  sight,  nobis  misens.  (ahreast,  head    and    head)    str 

200.  Improrida :     improvidcnt — not   ex-     shorn. 

pecting  any  thing  of  tho  kind.     Ptctora :  in  208.  Sinuat :  winds  their  hu 

tlie  sense  of  animos.  folds.     Their  necks  down  to  t 

201.  Laocoon.  Tho  priest  of  Neptuno  were  raiscd  above  the  water ;  tl 
having  bp(*n  put  to  death,  because,  by  his  of  theni  swept  the  sca  behind.  J 
prayers  aiid  sacrificeN,  he  did  not  prevcnt  — crests.  Salo :  in  the  scnse  oi 
the  arnval  of  thc  GreckM,  Laocoon  was  va :  in  the  scnse  of  litus. 
chosen  by  lot  to  sacriiice  to  that  god  upon  210.  Suffecti  ardentesque :  s\ 
the  departure  of  their  cnemies.  He  was  their  glaring  eyes  with  blofKi  a 
Ihe  priest  oi  ApoUo  Tkymbroius.  Some  say  lickcd  thcir  hissing  mouths.  J 
he  was  tho  brothcr  of  Anchises ;  others  tliat  in  the  sensc  of  motantibus.  Na 
he  was  the  son  of  Priam.  scrvc  that  no  animal  moves  its 

HyginiiR,  who  relates  the  story,  says  the  so  much  vclocity  as  the  scrpent 

erime  for  which  Laocoon  waa  thus  sevcrcly  212.  Crrtoagmine:  in  thc  si 

punished,  was  his  having  married.  and  had  eursu.    jigmen  here  denotep  thi 

ehildren,  contrary  to  the  orders  of  Apollo  :  tion  o£  a  «erpent,  shooting  fonii 

and  that  thc  Trojans  construed  this  calamity,  ter  fold,  in  regular  ordcr^  like  a 

whicli  beffi  him,  as  an  act  of  vcngcanpo  of  niarching  in  military  array, 

the  gods  for  his  having  violatcd  thc  olFcring  214.  Utrrqut  serjtms  r    each 

iti  Minerva.      Virgil,  thcrcforo,  judicionHiy  brncin^,  twincK  aroimd  the  bodic 

bitroduceH  this  event,  not  only  as  it  is  a  fino  sour,  and  manglcs  their  wrctchet 

MnbelliBbmont  of  hi»  poem ;  but  also  as  it  tlieir  teclh. 


^NEIS.     LIB.  II.  811 

Inplicat,  et  miaeroB  morsu  depascitur  artus.  f  15 

Fdst,  ipsum  auxilio  subeuntem  ac  tela  ferentem  216.  Pdtft,  oornpiimc 

Conipiunt,  spirisqie  ligant  ingentibus  :  et  jam  ^°*  «ibeuntein  aoz- 

Bis  inedium  amplexi,  bis  coUo  squamea  circum  ^ 

Tei^g;^  dati,  superant  capite  et  cer\ncibu8  altis. 

lile  siinul  manibus  tendit  divcllere  nodos,  S20 

Periiisua  sanie  vittas  atroque  veneno  : 

Claoiores  nmul  horrendos  ad  sidera  tollit : 

Quales  mugitua,  fugit  cum  saucius  aram  tSS.    T\iia    niagitus^ 

Taurus,  et  incertam  excussit  cervice  securim.  _  qualei  t*ania  toUit^  eum 

At  geinini  lapsu  delubra  ad  summa  dracones  226  ■***"'" 

Cflugriynt,  saevasque  petunt  Tritonidis  arcem  : 

Sub  pedibusque  Des,  clypeique  sub  orbe  teguntur. 

TuiQ  ver6  tremefacta  novus  per  pectora  cunctis 

Innnuat  pavor  :  et  scelus  expendisse  merentem  *W«  Tniinimt  m  nom 

lA<Hioonta  ferunt ;  sacrum  qui  cuspide  robur  230  «•*■***■ 

LKserit,  et  tergo  sceleratam  intorserit  hastam. 

I^ucendum  ad  sedes  simulacrum,  orandaque  Div» 

Numina  conclamant. 
Dividimus  muros,  et  mcenia  pandimus  urbis. 

•^ingunt  omnes  operi :   pedibusque  rotarum  235 

^jiciunt  iapsua,  et  stupea  vincula  collo 

NOTE8. 

Dr.  Trapp  renden  depaeiiur^   devoun;  rived  from  dehto.    Varro,  however,  thinka 

ijtt  thare  ie  no  noceMity  of  this ;  for  it  oflen  it  was  the  ahrine  or  plice  where  the  imaM 

ilgiiifiee  no  more  than  to  mangle,  prey  upon,  of  the  god  was  plaeed.    It  is  oflon  ueed  ror 

•■ite,  or  consume  away.     Beside,  we  can  the  tomple  iteelf,  by  synec.     Laptu :  by  a 

kudlj  fUppoM  that  the  serpents  deoourtd  or  gentlo  easy  motion.    Draemus :  in  the  aenM 

tti  up  the  bodiea  of  hia  som,  and  then  laid  of  terpeniet. 
hfold  npon  the  father,  to  latiate  their  hunger.        226.  Arcem:  the  ahrine  of  stem  Minerva. 

Thwe  waa  a  etatue  in  the  palace  of  Ves-  TVt/onu,  a  name  of  that  goddcas. 
ft-s^",  repreaenting  thia  atory,  (as  mention-        230.  FerurU :  tliey  declare  that  Laocoon 

•d  by  PUny,)  which  thowed  Laocoon  en-  justly  suffered  for  his  crime — that  it  was  a 

twined  by  the  serpents,  and  his  sons  dead  just  punishment  inilicted  upon  him  for  doing 

on  the  groond.     It  is  probable  that  Virgil  violence  to  the  sacred  oiTering  of  Miiienra. 

toc»k  thia  deacription  from  that  statue.  By  this  their  doubt  was  removed,  and  they 

S15.  Mortu:  teeth — fangs.  resolvcd  to  admit  the  fatal  machine  within 

%\fi.  Bit  amplexu    The  serpenta  embnce  the  city. 
him   twice  about  the  middle;   then  rising        231.  Tergo:  in  the  sense  of /a/m*. 
«pward,  they  bind  their  scaly  backs  twice        232.  Simulaerum.     Virgil  had  an  admi- 

BbcNit  his  neck ;  and  holdinff  him  in  that  rable  tolent  at  varying  his  style.     He  hath 

wtuationi  elevate  their  heads  and  bloody  found  out  no  less  than  twelve  names  for 

eresta  above  the  head  of  their  unhappy  vic*  this  horse,  aU  equally  significant:  jLurnum, 

tioi.    CireumtdaH.   Thepartsofacompound  Machinot  Montlrum,  Dolum^  Pinea  Claui' 

Terb  are  sometimes  separated   b^   Tmesis,  /ro,  Donum^  Moles^  Efifciet  Equi^  Eqvui^ 

Ibr  the  aake  of  the  vene.     This  word  is  Sacrum  Robury  Simulaerum^  and  Cavyipj  Ro^ 

•ither  to  be  taken  actively,  in  the  sense  of  bur.    Ad  tedet :  to  the  proper  plact^ — the 

eimetmdmtiiet^UidgqYeminie  tquamea  terga;  hill,  or  eminence,  on  which  the  temple  ot 

orwemusttaketheezpreiaionasa  Grecism.  Minerva  stood.    ^umina:  in  the  sense  of 

8m  EcL  i.  65.  dinniiatem. 

CtO.   Temdii:   ui  the  sonse  of  eonatur,        234.  Mania:  properly,  the  fortification« 

Hodot :  fhe  folds  of  the  serpent.  or  bulwarks  of  a  city,  from  mMiio.    Murut: 

Stl.  Petfutut:  amearod,  or  stained,  as  to  the  wall  that  surrounds  it.     They  are,  how* 

fam  dlleta.  ever,  uscd  indiscriminately  for  a  city,  fre« 

tt4.  Ineertttmteeurim:  the  erring  blow —  quently.    Aecinguni:  apply  tliemselvea  io 

jbe  exe  ■truck  with  an  erring  blow.  the  work. 

tt5.  DeiuAra.    Deiubrum  was  properly        236.  Laptut  rotarvm:  th^  placo  whoelf 

tl»  i^leee  bdTore  the  temple,  or  near  the  altar,  (or  rollen)  under  its  feet,  and  fastcn  heropmt 

tbey  waahed  before  they  entcred,  or  cords  to  its  neck.    Laptut  rolarum:  simply 

they  performed  sacrifice.    It  b  de-  for  mian. 


212  P.  VIRGILn  MARONIS. 

Intendunt :  scandit  fatalis  machina  muros, 
Foeta  armis  :  pueri  circuni  innuptffique  puellsB 
W9.   Circom  caniint  Sacra  canunt,  funemque  manu  contingere  gaudai 

**2J»**fn'*""   . .  IUa  subit,  mediaeque  minaiis  illabitur  urbi. 

^f4a  Illa  mathma  «i-  ^  ^^^^^.^^  .  j^.^^^  ^^^^^^  j^.^^^  ^^  .^^jy^^  ^^,,^ 

Mcenia  Dardanidilm !  quater  ipso  in  limtne  porta 
Substitit,  atque  utero  sonitum  quater  arma  decttr 
itAA  ImmemorM  jmH  Instamus  tanien  immemores,  caM^ique  furore, 
AfM  Et  monstrum  infclix  sacrati  sistimus  arce. 

«46.  Tunc  etiam  Can-  Tunc  etiam  fatis  aperit  Cassandra  futuris 
Midra,  juwu  Doi  Apol^  Qra,  Dei  iussu  non  unquam  crediu  Teucris. 

d.V*  Teucri^'*"'^  ^""^  ^^8  4«*"^«^  ^^^^  '"*««"'  Huibus  ultimua  eflset 
S48.  Nm  miseri  7Vo-  ^^^^  ^i^^i  ^^^^  velamus  fronde  per  urbem. 

•4Mt.  quibus  Vertitur  mterea  CGelum,  et  ruit  Oceano  noz, 

Involvens  umbra  magni  terramque  polumque, 
Myrmidonumque  dolos.     Fusi  per  mcenia  Teuci 
Conticuere :  sopor  fessos  complectitur  artus. 

NOTES. 

S37.  SeandUmurot:  it  ascendfl,  or  mounts        245.  Infdix:  in  tha  flense  of  jm 

OTcr  the  mins  of  our  walls.     They  had  vel  fdtalt, 

becn  demoliflhed  to  admit  it,  and  aiford  it        246.  Ca»tandra,     She  waa  thf 

•ntrance.  of  Priaro  and  Hocuba,  and  enduai 

239.  AiTwm :  the  ropea  that  had  been  ■pi"»  of  prophecy  by  Apollo,  upo 

tastened  to  the  neck  and  other  parts  of  the  muimjr  to  grrant  him  her  love;  wl 

horra,  by  which  they  moved  it  forward.  •▼«i  ■*>«  afterwards  refnrad  to 

---,,.        j  r»    ^_     fi-         *u    i.  beinff  able  to  withdraw  from  her 

. .  *t'-  ''VT'  '^'"  ^-^L  n»"».  the  h..  ^^  tB.towed,  he  rendered  it  of  n 

bit»t.onof  thegod.;  «ther  because  ita  wall.  ^^     ■       her  credibUity,  and  i 

had  boon  builtbTApoUoandxNeptune;  or,  ^^,  p^djtion.  to  be  cin.ider« 

on  account  of  tho  numerous  temples  and      ,  r»  ■     u„  *u ^^^,.a  ^ 

...  -.u     u*  L   *    i        j  j      Juuu  Dn:    by  tne  command  o 

con«ccr.ted  i.laco.  w.th  wh.ch  .t  abounded.     ^  Om:  for  o.;  the  plu.  f< 

TU     iflVoT         '         """" "               "  >'«'"/''^-  t«  "»'  »PPro«hu 

•^  *  lion, 

243.  S\il)stitil  quater,  &c.  Some  are  of  249.  Vtlamut  delubra.  It  wae 
opmion  thal  this  stumbhng,  or  sloppmg  of  tora,  not  only  on  festival  day«, 
tiio  horso  m  tlie  very  threshold,  alludes  to  times  of  public  rejoicing,  to  ador 
a  notion  that  prevaiied  of  its  being  a  bad  the  temples  of  the  gods  with  th 
omen  for  one  to  Btunible  on  Uie  threshold,  of  laurel,  olive,  ivy,  &c. 
eapecially  whcn  going  out  to  war ;  aa  It  is  250.  kertitur  c!tlum :  tho  h 
•aid  to  have  happencd  to  ProtoBilaus,  the  tumed  around.  By  the  diumal 
first  of  the  Grcoks,  who  was  killed  on  the  the  oarth,  the  heavcne  appcar 
plainsofTroy.  The  malignity  of  this  omen  about  it  once  in  twenty-four  h< 
waii  thought  to  proceed  from  the  Furici,  who  hcavene  a«  well  as  the  earth  are  t 
had  thoir  aoats  on  Uie  Ihroshold.  two  hemisphoree,  Uie  upper  and 

244.  Jmmemores,  Sorvius  thinks  that  Vir-  by   the   horizoa.     The  diumal 

S'l  here  alludes  to  the  custom  of  the  Romans  rises  with  the  sun,  and  sets  with 

devoting  their  enemies  and  the  places  to  wcst,  below  tho  horizon.     At  thi 

which  they  laidsioge.     In  the  form  of  words  the  noctumal  hemisphere  riset  \ 

which  thoy  uscd  upon  the  occasion,  thcy  This  tends  to   explain  nox  m 

poured    forth   these    imprecations   against  night  rushes  from  the  ocean,  oi 

them :  Eiqut  populo  civiiatique  metum^  for-  the  ocean. 

miduiem^  oblimonem  injiciatit^  Dii.     Ac-  251.  Terramque,    Thereitag 

eording  to  him,  imiiiefiioref  will  imply  that  in  thus  singling  out  the  8trata| 

the  Trojans  were  abandoned  by  the  gods,  Greeks,  as  the  object  of  chie 

and  given  up  to  stupidity  and  infatuation.  among  all  the  things  in  heawi 

#Wore:  withaeal — infaiuation.    Furoraig'  which  that  night  concealed. 

Bifiaa  any  inordinate  passion  whatever,  as  252.  Fun :  stretched  upon  tlM 

lova,  hatrod,  anger,  leal,  &c    Immemores :  pectinf  no  danger,  aad  takinv 

h— dltai    nnmindftU.  poM.    Mmnm :  ia  tb«  mam  of  i 


ilCNElS.    LIB.  II.  Vlf 

im  Argira  phalarz  instructis  navibus  ibat 
edo,  tacit»  per  amica  sileiitia  Lun»^  266 

lota  petens  :  flanimas  cum  regia  puppis 
rat ;  fiitisque  DeOni  defensus  iniquis, 

«  utero  Danaos  et  pinea  furtim  S68.    Furtim    laxat 

slaustra  Sinon :  illos  patefactus  ad  auras  P*"**  claiirtra,  et  Da- 

equus,  Iietique  cavo  se  robore  promunt  260  "^  »^^  «W)  tqui 

ru8  Sthenelusque  duces,  et  dirus  Ulysses, 
lum  lapsi  per  Ainem  ;  Athamasque,  Thoasque, 
;que  Neoptolemus,  primusque  Machaon, 
iielaus,  et  ipse  doli  fabricator  Epeiis. 
nt  urbem  somno  vinoque  sepultam :  266 

itur  vigiles :  portisque  patentibus  omnes 
unt  aocios,  atque  agmina  conscia  jungunt. 

ipus  erat,  quo  prima'quies  mortalibus  aegris  268.  Erat  tMnpaafwr- 

,  et  dono  Divdm  gratissima  serpit.  ^^lXri^i      xj^ 

nis  ecce  ante  oculos  moBstksimus  Hector         270  ^Sj.S^^.^^^T^j;:: 
idesse  mihi,  largosque  eftundere  fletus :  mihi  anti»  oculoa  in  10111- 

us  bigis,  ut  quondam,  aterque  cruento  nia 

NOTES. 

Phalans    properlj  a  body  of  men«  Greeks  shut  up  in  the  womb.      Hvre  w« 

nf  of  eight  thousand,  pfaced  in  a  may  obserre  that  Virgil  uses  the  verb  iaxmi 

here  uaed  for  troope  in  general.  with  both  the  nouns  ctauttra  and  Danao»^ 

it  navibut :  in  their  fumishcd  ships  when  in  strict  propriety,  it  can  be  applied 

TaeiiiB  LuniE,    Commentaton  havo  to  onn  only.     This  is  a  frecdom  wliich  our 

[y  interpreted  these   words.     Somo  lanj^uage  will  not  always  adniit ;  bul  it  fre- 

sderstood   by  them  that  the  moon  qucntly  occurs    in   tlio   Latiii   and    Grcok 

n  new  and  slyone  with  fceble  light,  writeni.     Seo  JEn,  yii.  431. 

i  darkneu  in  consequence  was  fa-  260.  Reddit :  in  the  sense  of  fffundu. 

to  the  Greeks,  by  preventing  disco-  262.  Lapti  per  funem.     AHcr  Uiey  wcre 

^alpy  understands  by  tliem  Ihe  ab-  lct  out,  thev  slid  down  by  a  rope,  secured 

f  the  moon  during  the  first  part  of  at  the  top  of  the  horse,  and  reaching  to  the 

rht.     Tlie  Grecian  army,  says  ho,  ground. 

re  chosen  the  decrease  of  thc  moon,  263.  Pelide* :  Pyrrhus,  the  son  of  Achil 

he  doee  not  rise  till  near  midnight.  Ics,  ond  grandson  of  Ptleut^  king  of  Thes- 

irknets  was  favorable  or  friendly  to  saly.      He  was   also    called    J^eoptolemut, 

But  we  are  told  by  Scaliger  and  Sec  469.  seq.    Primut,     By  tliis  we  are  to 

that  Troy  was  taken  about  the  full  understand  that  he  was  the  firBt  who  de- 

vhen  ahe  shines  the  brishtost.     This  scended  the  ropo ;  and  not  the  first,  or  chief 

BQS  to  understand  by  the  silonco  of  among  thcse  lcaders. 

NL,  tfae  middle  of  tho  night,  when  263.  Doli :  for  equi. 

fs  are  silent  and  still.    But  Luna  265.  Sepultam  tomno^  vinofiue,    This  b 

f  meton.  be  taken  for  nox^  as  Sot  is  a  very  expressiye   metaphor,  represcnting 

ot  for  die»,    This  will  rcnder  it  more  the  inhabitants  of  the   city   so   deeply  in 

ible :  the  friend!y  silence  of  the  still  sleep,  and  so  silent  and  still,  that  it  would 

m)  night.      This  is  the  opinion  of  almost  seem  as  if  tlieir  beds  had  boen  their 

gravcs.     This  greatly  moves  our  pity  to- 

Cum  regia  puppit :  when  the  royal  ward   the    Trojans,    and    our   indignatioii 

scted  a  light,  then  Sinon  protected  against  Sinon  and  the  treaclierous  Greeks. 

We  are  to  understand  that  Helen  Aecipiunt :  in  the  sense  of  admiltunt,    Por^ 

n  first  gave  the  signal  to  Agamrm-  tit  patentibut  may  be  put  absolutely., 

at  they  were  ready,  by  showing  a  267.  Cotucia :  friendly ;  or  conscious,  bc* 

torch  from  the  citadcl,  and  he  re-  causo  thcy  were  acquainted  with  the  plan 

it  to  them,  by  setting  up  a  light  upon  of  attack. 

11  of  hb  ship.  268.  JEgrit:  in  the  sonse  of  fetti», 

FaH»:  wilK  or  purposes  of  the  gods.  269.  Dono:  by  the  favor,  or  induigcnc^. 

.*  ia  the  sense  of  adcertit^  vel  infet'  Serpit :  creops,  or  spreads  over  tiivni.    Thia 

obi»  \m  undcrstood.  is  cxtromely  siguificant.    IiiUy  vel  tm,  \»  to 

Fnriim    laxat    DanoK^t :    he    opens  be  supplicd. 

I7  the  piny  doors,  and  Oetfl  out)  the  272.  Bigi»  .    Btgce,   ^TO^Vl    t^   i^^^^f^ 


«14  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

873.  Trajoctufl  quoad  Piilverc,  perqiie  pedes  trajectus  lom  tumentM 
Ipra  por  tumontcB  (Xei  mihi,  qualis  erat !  quantum  mutatus  ab  iUo 

«75.   IndutuB    qiioad  Hectorc,  qui  redit  exuvias  indutus  Achillis, 
«xuvias  Vd  DanaOm  Phrygios  jaculatus  puppibus  ignes  f 

«76.  Vol  yift  jaculatu»  gqualcntem  barbam,  et  concretos  sanguine  crinei 
*^«77.    JVi:n«     fforona  Vulneraque  illa  gerens,  quaj  circum  plurima  mun 
•qualeiitem  barbam,  ot  Accepit  patrios  :  ultrd  flcns  ipse  videbar 
erinos  Compcllare  virum,  et  ma^stas  expromere  vocea . 

281.  O  Hector  expec-  Q  jux  Dardania; !  spes  6  (idissima  TeucrOro ! 
tato,  *M"»bu8  one,  ve-  q^^  ^^^  tenu^re  mone  ?  quibus  Hector  ab  oii 

pidmui  ^^0.1      *  ""  Expectatc,  venis  ?  ut  te  post  multa  tuorum 

Funera,  post  varios  hominumque  urbisque  labore 
Defessi  aspicimus  ?  quK  causa  indigna  serenoa 
Fccdavit  vultus  ?  aut  cur  hoec  vulnera  cemo  ? 
S87.  lUo  retpondii  ni-  ]lle  nihil :  nec  me  quffirentem  vana  moratur; 

h'i\  adha^:  g^j  graviter  gemitus  imo  de  pectore  ducens : 

^^Lud7J!^'^^Z  Heu  !  fiige,  nate  DeS,  teque  his,  ait,  eripe  flamm 
MmitUB  ae  imo  pectoro,  •    .\\  •*    i^     *       i    •       »fi     • 

mit:  Hou!  fugo  Hostis  habet  muros;  ruit  alto  a  culmme  J  roja  : 

«91.  UUa  dextr&,  fuia-  Sat  patriffi  Priamoque  datum  :  si  Pergama  dextii 
■ent  defonfla  etiam  h&c  Defendi  possent,  etiam  hac  defensa  fuissent. 
mea  dexird,  Sacra,  suosque  tibi  commendat  Troja  Penatea : 

«94.   Quero    mcBnia  Hos  cape  &torum  comites  :  his  mffinia  quere, 
hk,  que  Btatuoa  magna,  Magna  pererrato  statues  quae  denique  ponto. 
pontodomquo  peronmto,  g.^  ^^  ^^  manibus  vittas,  Vestamque  potentem, 

iEtemumque  adytis  eflert  penetralibus  ignem. 

NOTES. 

drawn  bj  two  horaos.    Here  it  means  the  286.  FadaoU:  hath  disfigurod  t 

chariot  of  Achilles,  bcliind  which  Hector^a  countenance. 

doad  body  was  drawn  around  the  walls  of  287.  MonUur :  nor  did  he,  by  i 

Troy  several  timee.     See  JEn.  i.  99.  tlicso  queBtions,  detain  me,  &c. 

273.  Drajecius-que  per  iwnetiies :  pierced  291.  Sat  daium:  enough  haa  b 
throujrh  his  Bwclling  feet  with  thongs.     It  for  our  country,  and  for  Priam. 
agrees  with  Hector,  mentioned  above.  performs  tho  office  of  a  noun. 

274.  Qualit  erat!  how  he  lookcd  !  how  properly  the  fort  and  fortificationi 
much  changed  from  that  Hcctor,  &c.  but  frequently  UBcd  and  takcii  for 

275.  Indutut  exumai :  clad  in  the  npoils  city,  as  in  the  present  case,  by  svi: 
of  Achillos.  When  Achilles  leilthe  Greeks  293.  Penatet,  Macrobius^in  hii 
in  disgust,  his  friend  Patroclus  requestcd  of  /tVi,  ezplains  the  Penates  to  be  thoi 
him  uie  favor  of  wearing  his  armour,  with  whom  we  breathe,  and  to  whom  v 
a  view  of  striking  ihe  groater  terror  to  tlie  facultics  of  our  minds  and  bodies, 
Trojens.  He  was  slain  by  Hoctor,  and  piler^Juno^uidMinerva.  Totho 
■tripped  of  his  armour.     See  £cl.  i.  55.  yala :  on  which  account  tho  coi 

^O.  Expromere :  to  utter  these  sorrowful  other  magistrates,  when  tliey  ent 

words.     Tnis  word  is  very  appropriato  hcm ;  their  oflices,  used  to  pay  divine 

it  shows  him  laboring  to  bring  out  his  words  the  Penates^  and  Vetta,    This  sc 

and  givo  them  utterance,    like    a   person  confirmed  by  the  passagf  befcro 

drawing  a  heavy  load.  Vesta  is  delivered  to  the  care  of 

f81.  Lux:  in  the  sonso  of  fo/iM.  well  as  the  Penatet.    These  go 

382.  Tania :  in  tho  sonso  of  longa*    Tho  serves,  wero  styled  tho  greai  ge 

proD.  ie  is  nnderstood.  were  also  styled  powerful:  on  whi 

983.    Expeeiaie :    oamestly    desirod,   or  Virgil  here  stylcs  Vetla^  tho  pon 

longod  for.     Utdtfetti:  how  gladly  do  we,  dess:  Veslampoteniem, 

wom  out,  (with  toil  and  fatigue,)  see  thee,  Dionysius  Halycarnassus  infon 

aftor  tho  many  deaths  of  thy  friends,  &c.  the  symbols  of  thcso  Penaies  at  li 

9y  iaboret  hominumt  perhaps  we  are  to  un-  two  wooden  statues  of  young  mo 

dantand  tho  disastors  of  their  allies,  and  ting  posture,  with  javelins  in  thoj 

hf  Imhoreo  iir6t«,  tho  disasters  of  his  count^-  294.  Mania :  in  the  senao  of  ur 

maB.     Urbit :  tho  city ;  by  moton.  put  for  torum :  of  thy  fortunos. 

the  iBhahitanto.  297.  JEiemumignem,  Thoiaa 


iENEIS     LIB.  li.  Slft 

rao  interea  miscentur  DKsnia  luctu :  t98.  Et  sonitiu  dare»- 

ia  atqoe  magis  (t|uanquam  secreta  parentifl  •"*'  «lagl»  atqua  am^ 

e  doinus,  arboribuaque  obtecta  recessit)  300 

unt  aonitus,  armorumque  ingruit  horror. 

>r  somno,  et  summi  fastigia  tecti 

i  Bupero,  atque  arrectis  auribus  adsto. 

tera  veluti  cum  flamma  furentibus  Austris 

;  aut  rapidus  montano  flumine  torrens  306 

agros,  stemit  sata  la?ta  boumque  labores, 

itesijue  trahit  sylvas :  stupet  inscius  alto 

ns  sonitum  saxi  de  vertice  pastor. 

!r6  manifesta  fldes,  Danadmque  patescunt  309«   Fidet  verbonm 

;  jam  Deiphobi  dedit  ampla  ruinam,  310  Heetarufmt  muiifMU 

>  su|>erante,  domus :  jam  proximus  ardet 

Hi :  Sigea  igni  frete  lata  reiucent  3,4^  Nec  er«i  «t  ra 

r  clamorque  virilm,  clangorque  tubarum.  tionigmiAiinarmii.  Sad 

mens  capio,  nec  sat  rationis  in  armis  :  animi  ardent  Kiomenra 

NOTES. 

aing  all  the  jear.     It  was  brought  from  those  animals  that  prick  up  their  ean 

B  into  Italy,  where  Numa  Pompilius  at  everj  eound  which  giTea  thcm  alarm. 

ished  the  order  of  the  VesUl  Vir-  304.  Velut  eum  Jlamma^  &c.     Thie  fina 

loee  office  wae  to  preaerve  tliis  fire  simile  ia  talcen  from  Homer,  Ilii^i  ii.  465 

nple  of  Vesta.     It  waa  sufiered  to  Autirit :  for  venti», 

r  on  the  last  dajr  of  the  ycar,  and  305.  Tbrreru  rapidut :    a   torrent    rapid 

idled  again  on  the  firat  day  of  March  with  a  mountaiu  flood  prostrates  the  fields, 

beams  of  the  sun.    The  origin  of  prostrates,  &c.    Auetu9  eoUuote  ai[uaruM  i 

ious  custom  seems  to  have  been  de-  montibuM^  saya  Heyne. 

in  the  Persians,  who  were  famous  306.  Sata  :  properly  crops  of  com,  fironi 

lipping  the  sun,  and  the  fire,  as  an  sero.     Lata :  in  the  sense  of  eopiota^  oxfer» 

>f  that  luminary.    This  everlasting  tUia, 

lot  only  preserved  in  the  temple  of  308.  Aecipieni :  in  the  sonse  of  audietu, 

t  also  in  private  houses,  and  in  the  Jnseiut:  ignorant  of  the  causo  of  the  sound. 

»f  the  great ;    where  waa  an  altar  309.  F^et :  the  truth  of  Hector^s  words 

r  HeraruM^  on  which  fire  was  kopt  was  now  manifest. 

lly   burning.     Some  suppose   that  310.  Detphobi.     Deipbobus  was  tha  son 

the  fire  wtuch  Priam  had  conaecra-  of  Priam  and   Hecuba.     Afler   Paris  waa 

he  altar,  at  which   he  was  slain.  slain    by  Pyrrhus,   he   married   Helen,  by 

Adytum   properly   was   the   most  whose  treacherv  he  fell   a  sacrifice  to  the 

jl  of  the  temple — the  place  where  resentment  of  the  Greeks,  among  the  first 

»  and  statues  of  thc  gods  were — tlie  of  his  countrymen.    See  JEn,  vi.  494,  et  seq. 

This  was  commonly  the  interior  or  311.  Kuirano ;  in  the  sense  of  i^n«.    Th* 

fthe  temple.     Hence  the  propriety  god  of  fire,  by  meton.  put  for  fire  itself. 

penetraiibut,    It  is  oAen  taken  for  312.  Ucaiegon,    He  was  ono  of  Priam*« 

le  itself  by  synec  counsellors :   here   put,   by  meton.  for  tbe 

}ioer$o :  ui  the  sense  of  vario.  ''ouse  of  Ucalegon.     His  housc   bums  th« 

ieereia  •    private     seoarated    from  "®'^     "^*''"  Sigea  freta :  the  bmad  Sigean 

..rU— if  ;f..r^«n_\.r;«i.   I Mx   *  strsits  shine  with  the  light  of  the  flames. 

to^  ^^  *•««'••  ">  •'•i-  <■"•"  *««•""'  •  P~n.ontoiy 

Htecia:  rarroanded  (corered)   by  °f  T'om.     /Vrtum  i.  proporly  .  narrow  jj» 

.  retired  from  noiie  ud  bu.tle.  %  '"™"  =   "  ^."  '"P'"''  *"  P"*,"    *•*• 

,     .  ^gean    sea    lying    between    Tenedoi  and 

oiu/uy  elareteunt:  the  sounds  are  TYoat, 

>re  and  more  clearly :  and  the  din  313.   Exoritur  elamon/ue,  fcc.      This  is 

nf  of  arms  mcreases.  one  of  ^1,^  fi„est  lines  that  ever  imaged  Um 

Iteentu:  by  climbing  up,  1  ascend  sensc  in  tiie  sound.     The  words  and  sylla- 

anunit  of  the  palace.    By  this  we  oles  are  rough,  hoarse,  and  sonorous ;  and 

nderstand  the  watch  tower,  which  so  artfullv  put  togethcr  as  to  striko  the  ear 

aUy  bnilt  on  the  ridge,  or  highest  like  the  thrilling  notes  of  the  tmmpet  wh&ch 

he  hoose,  that  it  might  aflbrd  tliem  they  describe.      Clangor :   in  the  sense  of 

ctenslTeprospect  e^rrM/uatirt^ia.*  tanut, 

■linf  ears.    It  b  a  meUphor  taken  314.  dfmeni:  com^ooBAni  ^  ^  OiwJa 


«15  P.  VlRGlJ.ll  MARONIS 

S id  glomerare  manum  bello,  et  concurrere  in  ai 
Gum  ■ociifi  ardent  animi :  furor  iraque  mentem 

^  317.  SiieeaiTit  mihi  m  Prccipitant ;  pulchrumque  mori  succurrit  in  an 

mmtem  pulchrum  eue         Ecce  autem,  telis  Pantheus  elapns  Achivdmv 

Pantheus  Otriades,  arcis  Phoebique  «acerdoa, 
320.  Ipse  trahit  sacra,  Sacra  manu,  victosque  Deos,  parvumque  nepole 

^n^^^^  Ipse  trahit :  cursuque  amens  ad  limina  tendit : 

3S2.  In  qno  loco  ett  Quo  res  summa  loco,  Pantheu  ?  quam  prendimvi 

■■""'"*  *••  Vix  ea  fatus  eram  gemitu.cum  taiia  reddit : 

Venit  summa  dies  et  ineluctabile  tempu9 
Dardanise  :  fiiimus  Troes,  fuit  Ilium,  et  ingeni 
Gloria  Teucrorum  :  ferus  omnia  Jupiter  Argof 
Transtulit :  incens^  Danai  dominantur  in  urbe 
Arduus  armatos  mediis  in  mcenibus  adstans 

331.  7W  millim,  qoot  f""?^^  «^""«'  ^I^^^T?"?  Sinon  incendia  miscet 
BonqtuuD  vonAra  i  magw  Insultans  :  portis  ahi  bipatentibus  adsunt, 
nii  Millia  quot  magnis  nunquam  venire  Mycenis. 

NOTES. 

a^ha^privUimtm^vidment.    It  properlv  sig-  322.  Summui  ret:   the  commo 

niiieB,  deprivcd  of  reason— dostitule  of  pre-  the  common  interests  of  hia  coimt 

■ence  of  mind,  from  any  cause  whatever.  was  the  summa  re*  of  ^ncas,  hi 

315.  Glomerare:  in  Uie  sonso  ofcoUigere,  highest  concem;  and  will  alwaja 

316.  ^nimi  ardeni :  my  mind  buma  to  the  heart  of  every  good  patriot. 
eollect,  ke.  Tho  plural  hcre  has  plainly  ahow  the  haste  and  impalience 
the  eenM  of  the  singular  animiu.  makos  him  throw  out  theso  shorl 

319.  Pan//ieta;  he  was  thc  son  of  Otreua.  abruptlj,  without  any  previoiia 
Servius  infonns  U8,  that  on  the  ovcrthrow  of  tion.  Zioro ;  state,  or  condition. 
Troy   by  Hercules,  and  thc  death  of  Lao-    in  the  sense  of  respondei. 

incdon   PriaM.  Mnt  the  »0»  of  Antcnor  to  ^   Jntluctabik  lempus.      R« 

coni,u  t  the   or.dc  of  Delphi,  whcthor  he  t,,„^  „„^,  ;„  ^^  ^„,/„f  .^^^,, 

.houUI  build  up  Troy  asa.n  upon  the  s«me  y    .        g,^^ .  -^  ^^  ^^  „f , 

loundatious.     Pantneus  wan  then  pnest  of  mji/L„ 

Ihe  Dclphic  Apollo,  a  youth  of   exquisite  r   •    n- 

beauty;  and  Antcnor  was  so  well  pleased  .    325.  Futmus  Troei,  fuU  Iltum 

with  hira,  tlial  he  camed  him  ofT  by  force  jans  arono moro ;  Iliurn,and  the 

to  Troy.     To  mako  somo  amonds  for  this  <>»  ^n»  Trojans,  hath  tallen. 

mjury,  Priaui  made  him  priest  of  Apollo.  It  was  a  custom  among  the  Ror 

However  this  may  bo,  he  was  a  person  of  they  would  intimate  a  person  to 

frroat  note  and  auUiority  among  the  Tro-  say  fuil^  or  vixit^  to  shun  {>oundi 

jans.     Sacerdoi  arcii  Phetbique :   priest  of  shoclcing,  and  accounted  of  bad  < 

the  tower  and  of  Apollo :   (that  is)  of  the  sido,  thero  is  a  grcater  degrce  < 

citadel  or  tower,  where  ApoUo  was  worship-  in  exprossin?  tho  doath  of  a  per 

ped,  together  with  Pallas   or  Minerva,   to  overthrow  of  a  city,  thus,  indirecl 

whom  it  was  sacred.  itetiU  vixit^  &c.  than  in  plain  w* 

320.  Sacra :  sacred  utensils.     Hore  again  one  is  the  langnage  of  poctry,  t} 

Virgil  applies  one  verb  to  two  or  more  nouns,  prose.     This  sccms  to  be  an   in 

when  in  etrictnoss  it  can  be  applied  to  one  Euripidea  in  his  Troada^  where  A 

only.    Trahit  is  applicable  enough  to  a  child  and    Hecuba    thus    altematoly 

who  can  hardly  walk,  and   must  be  half  once  we    werc  happy-!  Hocuba 

dragged   along;  but  it  cannot   so  well   be  happiness  is  gone— Troy  is  no  m 

applied  to  things  that  are  carried  in  the  hand.         «^0     «..     ,     :«  #1,«.    « ^r  - 

oai     T  '    '  a  •      u         T  ',  329.  Mi»eet :  m  tne  sense  of  m 

321.  Ltmtna.     Some  copies  have  Lttora.  .        .     i 

But  Sorvius,  Donatus,  Heyne,  and  others,  330.  Bipatenttbtu :  m  the  senac 

read  timina,  which  is  manifestly  to  be  pre-  r)'^""  ^r  gatcs  that  opcn  both  1 

forrod.      Lilora  appears  inconsistent  with  ^^^^  "<*«^  may  be  callcd  thpatt 

Ihe  case.      Beside,  it  reflecta  much  honor  «'"'  •*  >"  ^®  sense  of  uitrant. 

upon  ^.neas,  that  both  Ilector  and  Panthnus  331.  Mj/cfnis.     Myccnip  and  j 

•hould  bring  the  sacred  things  of  Troy  to  the  rhief  oltics  of  Gn'oc..o;  and 

him  for  safe-kceping.     It  is  a  chief  objcct  put  for  Grcero  in  jroiiornl.     Thej 

vith  tlie  poet  to  aggrandize  his  hero.  atcd  in  the  Peloponuesus.     Hodi 


iBN£[s.  L1B.  n.  tn 

re  alii  telis  angusta  viarum 

d :  stal  ierri  acies  miicrone  coruBco 

parata  neci :  vix  primi  prffilia  tentant 
im  vigiles,  et  csco  Marte  resistunt.  386 

)us  Otriadae  dictis,  et  numine  DivOm 
mas  et  in  arma  feror :  qud  tristis  Erinnyt, 
smitus  vocat,  et  sublatus  ad  ffithera  clamor. 

;  se  socios  Ripheus,  et  maximus  annis  339.  Ripheii8,otlplii< 

,  oblati  per  lunam,  Hypanisque,  Dymasque  ;  340  ^  .maxiniua  «nnis,  Hy- 
ri  agglomerant  nostro  :  juvenisque  Chorcebus  {LrrerLun^.Sduot 
nides :  illis  ad  1  rojam  forte  diebus  ae  socios  miAt 

t,  insanc  Cassandne  incensus  amore  ; 
2r  atudlium  Priamo  Phrygibusque  ferebat : 

qui  non  sponsas  prfiecepta  furentis  345     345.  Infelix  jwenui 

at.  qui  non 

bi  confertos  audere  in  prslia  vidi, 
super  his :  Juvenes,  fortissima  frustra 
L,  si  vobis  audentem  extreina  cupido  est  349.  Si  certa  cupido 

icqui ;  que  sit  rebus  fortuna,  videtis.  350  ^  ^*»*»"  ••1"*  "»*  ^ 

m                      j  ^'                      I-   .•  dentem  extrema:  votvi* 

Ire  omnes  adytu,  ansque  rehctw  doU.,  qu»  fortiaa  tit 

bus  impenum  hoc  steterat :  succumtis  urbi  niuins 
B :  moriamur,  et  in  media  arma  ruamus. 


NOTES. 

tinguMiatiaruM:  the  narrow  placee,        347.  Audert  in  pmlia:  to  bave  coimi^ 

igem  of  the  streets.     Loea  «eems  to  for  fight — to  be  re&dy  to   engage.     ^aos . 

«stood.     It  ifl  used  in  the  sense  of  in  the  senie  of  illos. 

t  vias.  348.  Suptrhis:  upon  these  thinge.   I^av- 

Marte :  in  the  blind  (doubtful)  en-  ing  observed  them  coUected  togeUier,  and 

It  is  so  callcd  on  account  of  tho  prcpared  for  figbt,  he  then  begine.     Or,  ni- 

p  of  the  nigbt ;  or  because  it  was  per  his  may  be  in  the  scnse  of  ad  hae^  to 

uid  unezpectcd,  and  resiKtance  could  these  things — to  their  readiness  and  courage 

refore,  be  made  with  any  prospect  for  fight,  he  begins.     Servius  take»  them 

■s.     Marte :   in  the  sense  of  pugna  differently.     /  begin  in  these  worda,  the  mort 

rjnine.  to  animate  them.     In  this  casc,  super  must 

Xumine :    impulse,  or  will  of  the  be  for  insuper ;  in  the  former,  a  pr«*p.     Oa- 

vidson  follows  Servius.      Uoyne  has  posi 

Erinnjfs :  this  is  a  common  name  of  htee-^nde. 

e  furies.    See  Geor.  i.  278.     In  ar^        248.  Juvenes^  peeiora :   there   is  a  great 

tfae  sense  of  in  pugnas.  confusion,  and  neglect  of  order  and  mcthod, 

Maximus  onnis,     Some  read  armt«.*  in  this  speech,  to  mark  the  hurry  aiid  dis* 

former  appears  to  be  the  true  read-  ordcr  of  ^neas^  mind.     O  youtlis,  rouIs 

I  veme  435^  seq.     Hcyne  has  armis.  most  valiant !    Frustra :    in  vain ;    because 

Oblati :  meeting  me  by  the  light  of  Uiey  could  not  save  their  country. 
■.  349.  Certa  eupido :   a  fizcd,  determined 

igglamerant :  in  the  sense  of  od^-  resoIuUon.    Audentem :  in  the  s^ue  of  ten- 

tantem,     Cvpido :  in  the  sense  of  ttjuwts. 
Insana:  in  the  sense  of  magno^  or         351.  Omnes  Di^  quibus:  all  the  godM.  ny 

ii.  Virgil  has  here  applied  to  Chortt'  whom   this  empire    stood,   havo    depnrtrd 

it  Homer  sajrs  of  Othryoneus.  from,  iic.     It  was  a  prevailing  opinioii  that 

u  passionately  in  love  with  Cassan-  a  city,  or  place,  could  not  be  taken.  while 

daaghter  of  Priam,  and  hopcd  to  its  tutdary  divinities  romained  in  it.    It  u  as 

his  son-in-lawr  with  that  view  he  the  practice.  therefore,  of  Uie  be8i(*i;n«v  to 

<  his  assistance.    He  was  the  son  of  invitc,  or  call  them  away.     For  Uiir<  rrusni: 

u  Uie  Romans  took  care  to  cunceal  tJK*  Latiij 

Furentis:  fnrens  here  means  inspi-  name  of  the  god  under  whoso  |»riiti«tj<»n 

>phetic.    Sponsa:  properly  a  woman  Rome  was;  and  Uie  pricsts  werc  iii>i  ullow- 

d^  or  betroUied  in  marriage;    from  ed  to  call  the  Roman  gods  by  tht'ir  'laiues, 

li  ^pofi^:    also  a  youug  niarried  lest.  if  they  wore  kiiowii.  an  vMi-tny  ini^-ht 

solicit  aiid  enlico  U\eiu  a^u.^ .     ^v»  vW  cr«*> 


81S  P.  VUtGlLII  HARONIS 

Una  salii9  victis,  nuUam  Bperare  sahitem. 
Sic  animis  juvenum  furor  additua,     Inde  lupi  c 
Raptores,  atr^  in  nebul^,  quos  improlMi  Teiitrii 
S57.    Qnos   improba  Exegit  c«ecos  rabies,  catulique  relicti 
rmbiM  veniria  exegit  ex  Faucibus  expectant  siccis  :  per  tela,  per  hoste 
;;r;ue'3if;uSlt;  yadimus  h.ud  dubiam  in  mprtem,  medi«que  to 
Inirtt  Urbis  iter :  nox  atra  cava  circumvolat  umbra. 

369.  Sie  noi  Tadimui      Quis  cladem  illius  noctis,  quis  funera  fimdo 
par  udi  Explicet  ?  aut  possit  lachrymis  sequare  labores 

Urbs  antiqua  ruit,  multos  dominata  per  annoa . 

Plurima  perque  vias  sternuntur  inertia  pasBim 
965.  Domoe  Aonuninii,  Corpora,  perque  domos,  et  relligiosa  Deorum 
•(  per  Limina.     Nec  soli  pcenas  dant  sanguine  Teuci 

Quondam  etiam  victis  redit  in  pnecordia  virtta 
368.  Ubiqueeilcrude^  Victoresque  cadunt  Danai :  crudelis  ubique 

Luctus,  ubique  pavor,  et  plurima  roortis  imag< 

370.  Androgeos  pri«  Primus  se  DanaOm,  magni  comitante  cater 
miu  Danadm  offert  se  Androgeos  ofiert  nobis,  socia  agmina  credens, 
nftbi^    magna    ^^*^^  Inscius  ;  atque  ultrd  verbis  compellat  amicis : 

!^!Sl!r!I™Sf*l.!r!u!!!u  Festinate,  viri :  nam  quae  tam  sera  moratur : 
Meimi  «igmina  eue  socia  ^,       .  .     \     ...         .      / .  ^. 

Segnities  ?  ahi  rapmnt  mcensa  feruntque 

NOTES. 

tom  the  poet  ma^  here  allude ;  or  rather  to  has  in  charge  his  ased  father, 

the  poetical  ficUon,  that  when  Troy  was  infantson;  and  endeavors  to  • 

Uke  to  be  taken,  the  gods  were  seen  carrying  tracing  out  tho  by-paths  and  i 

awaj  their  statues  from  the  templea.  lanes. 

354,  Una  talus :   the  only  siUrety  to  the  361.  Fando :  in  the  sense  of 

vanquished,  is,  to  hope  for  no  safety.     This  362.  Labores :  disasterB — toi 

ifl  the  B&mo  argument  which  the  brave  Le-  365.  Inerlia  corporti,     By  th 

onidas  uned  to  animate  his  men  to  sell  their  is  most  probable,  we  are  to  ui 

lives  as  doar  as  possible.     Una :  in  the  sense  feoble  and  helpless  part  of  the  i 

of  so/a.  old  men,  womon,  and  children; 

305.  Indeceulupi:  afler  that,  as  ravenous  did  not  take  up  arms  in  defc 

wolves  in  a  dark  night,   which   excessive  country :  tliey  were  slain  {sUm 

hunger  hath  drivcn  out  blind  to  danger,  &;c.  whcre,  in  their  own  houses,  ii 

Improba  rabiet  ventrit :  ezccssive  greediness  and  in  the  temples  whithcr  the 

of  the  belly — pressing  hungcr.     Raptoret :  protcction.     They  are  called  i 

in  the  sonse  of  rapacet^  ravonous,  rapacious.  poHition  to  those  who  dared  to 

Dr.  Trapp  objects  to  the  justness  of  this  aiice,  and  nobly  die.     This  is 

simile ;  but  thc  comparison  does  not  lie  in  than  to  take  corpora  in  tlie  sensi 

the  action,  but  in  the  manner  of  performin^  as  is  usually  donc;  for  tlien  the 

it.    As  hungry  rapacious  wolves  are  forced  iia  would  be  quite  usoless  aiid 

from  thcir  retrcats  precipitately  into  danger,  366.  Relligioea  limina :  the 

without  fear  or  dread,  so  we  nish  desperate-  plcs  of  Uie    ods.    Limen^  the 

ly  on  our  focs,  looking  dcath  and  danger  in  synec.  put  for  the  temple.    Dat 

the  face.     The  poet  mentions  anothcr  cir-  griine;  siniply,  suffer  punishmi 

cuinstance.     Catuli   relicti :    their  whelps,  blood — by  shedding  thoir  bloo< 

lefl  behind,  wait  with  parched  jaws.     By  367.     Prceeordia:  in  tha  M 

which  ho  intendcd  to  represent  those  animals  vel  peeiora, 

in  thoir  fiercest  and  most  ravenous  state;  361.  Pturimaimago:  veryn 

and,  therefore,  the  more  proper  to  denote  deatlt.     This  mode  of  ezpressic 

the  fierceness  and  rage  of  men  driven  to  with  Virgil,  and  is  ^nformabli 

dcspair.     Inatranebula:  in  the  dark  night ;  idioni.     So  muUa  rtrluf— mic£ 

berausc  in  the  night,  or  dark  weather,  Uiey  £n.  iv.  3.    Such  ezpressions,  I 

ire  the  fiercest  and  least  mindful  of  danger.  vey  an  idea  of  plurality  raUiet 

359.  P'adimut:  we  march  to  certain  death,  ty ;  and,  in  our  languafo,  reqn 

and  tako  the  way  through  the  middle  of  the  cfered  in  the  plural  number. 

city.    This  circumstance  is  menUoned  to  271.    Socia:    friendly.     An 

show  their  coura?e  and  intrepidity.    Afler-  them  to  be  of  the  party  of  tha 

ward  he  is  afraid  of  the  enemy,  whon«  he  374.  AVim  qum  tegntiie» :  a 


iENKlS.    UB.  II.  3» 

:  roe  oelais  nunc  priinuro  a  navibus  itis  ?      376 
extempld  (neque  enim  reeponsa  dabantur 
)  sennt  medioe  delapsus  in  hostes. 
,  retrdque  pedem  cum  voce  repressit. 

im  aspris  veluti  qui  sentibus  anguem  37i.  Veluti  fumw  qiu 

imi  nitens,  trepiduaque  repente  refugit  380  «"toiw  humi  pr«sMit  an* 

TO  iinfl,  et  ccerula  coUa  tumentem.  o^SiSHr^    ** 

08  Androgeos  visu  tremefiictus  abibat.  **381.*R«ftigit  eim  at- 

densis  et  circumfundimur  armis :  toUentem 

le  loci  paanm  et  formidine  captos 
I :  aspirst  primo  fortuna  labori.  385 

*,  ezultans  succeaau  animisque  Chorcebua, 

ua  prima,  inquit,  fortuna  salutis  387.  O  Mcii,  qua  for- 

itcr,  quaque  ostendit  se  dextra,  sequamur.  ^""*  P"m»  n»on»trat  n*. 

cty,«o.,  Dan.«mq«e  insignia  nobis  _Sr.ro.~Lrj:"*"" 

:  dolus,  an  virtus,  quis  m  hoste  requirat  ?     390     390.  Quis  roquiimt  in 
)uut  ipei.     Sic  fiitus,  deinde  comantem  hoHte,  an  tU  dolus,  an 

galeam,  clypeique  insigne  decorum  TiituB.    Ipsi  aerin 

laterique  Argivum  accommodat  ensem. 

leus,  hoc  ipse  Dyma»,  omnisque  juventus  394.     Ripheui  fatu 

t :  spoliis  se  quisque  recentibus  armat.  396  ^  Dymo  ipee  faeU 

immixti  Danais,  haud  numine  nostro  : 
per  cccam  congressi  praelia  noctem 

NOTES. 

■  yon.    RafivfU:  inthesenseof  386.  AnmU:  courage— boldneae. 

^tnaU:  in  the  ■enie  of  everluni,  388.  Desira :  in  the  eenae  of  propitia. 

*^\Tf^J  ^*  inrtanUjr  per.  339.  Intignia  DanaCtm:  the  armour  of 

1  he  had  &llen  mto  the  midst  of  the  Groeks.    Thie  seemi  to  allude  lo  the 

Ile^Miu .-  m  the  lenra  of  delttjh'  figrurei,  or  imap^  engraven  upon  Uieir  buck- 

A  Oreeum.  \q^ — thoee  of  the  Greeks  having  the  figure 

a:  m  Uie  eenae  of  omica.    mque:  of  Neptune,  and  Uioie  of  Uie  frojani  Uie 

«  of  nofi.  figure  of  Minerva.    Puttingon  the  Grecian 

^reuU  pedem:  he  retreated  back  figurei,  waa  the  lame  Ihiiur  as  putting  on 

ordi.    Ai  soon  as  he  perceived  iheir  armour. 

w-if  *bT  imcoDe  for  anerit    This  ^«noWui  telli  ua,  that  Conebui  wai  noted 

aken  frorHomer,  U^  iii.  Tene  !?'  •Il^P^^^X^"  "  i^^ce,  he  menUon. 

Virffil  is  yerv  haoDT  in  the  aDoli  "*®          amuie  himnelf  on  the  sea 

I  w?-  :^»J!!^  «™  #k«  ^^S.^^\  «hore  by  counUng  the  waTei  as  they  dashed 

i  a  snaae  nnseen,  Cc.  a    i.*         j  u* 

.._«?.        .    .  to  him  and  his  associates. 

md  secia.*  no  otherwise — just  so.  ... 

reuafunduimr :  Uiis  Tcrb  here  has  390.  Requirai :  ask— demand. 

dgnification :  we  encompass  them  393.  InduUur  eomaniem :  he  puts  on  the 

reapoas  ciose  joined.    Or,  it  may  waTing  helmet  of  Androgeos.     Jnduiiur  is 

nnae  of  mJHewmwt  as  Ruvus  in-  plainly  to  be  taken  acUTcly,  in  the  sense  0« 

induii.     Comaniem:    waTing  with  a  hairy 

pimjkrmidime,   Mr.  DaTidson  ob-  crest.    The  crests  of  their  hdmets  were 

'  tiiie  we  are  to  widentand  that  made  of  the  hair  of  beasts.    Deeorum  tft- 

ao  «inder  Ihe  power  of  fear,  as  *igne  eljfpei :  the  beauUful,  or  comely  figure 

iUatoexertthemselTee— enchain-  or  his  shield;  i.  e.  his  beautiful  shidd---hia 

di,  or  nonpluaaed  by  fear;  and  ao  ahield  richly  omamented. 

s  iC,  thal  they  oould  obey  nothing  396.  Hmid  notiro  numine:  not  with  our 

ipnlae     Rtuaaa  interpreta  it  by  god.    This  b  an  allusion  to  their  haTing 

!■•  put  oiFtheir  own  armour,  on  which  was  en- 

in  the  aenae  offkoei,    La"  mTen  the  figure  of  Minenra^  theu  ^%x- 

of  eeiMliii  dian  goddeaa  and  pr«toctn«K  ixkd  ^^\  oa^2bi% 


P.  VIRGJLll  MARONIS 

Conseniniifl,  multos  Dana^lm  deinittimus  Oic 
Ditiugiunt  aUi  ad  naves,  et  litora  cursu 
400.   Pan  prtt  turpi  jj^iJa  petunt :  pars  ingentem  formidine  turpi 
lormidine  Scandunt  rursus  equum,  et  nota  conduntur  ii 

Ucu,  nihil  invitis  fas  quenquam  fidere  Dira  l 
403.  Ecce  Caisajidra      Ecce  trahebatur  passis  Priameia  viigo 
Fnameia    Virgo   pasMa  Crinibus  a  templo  Cassandra  adytisque  Mine 
•*""****■  Ad  CGilum  tendens  ardentia  lumina  fhutra, 

406.Lamina,m9iMMi.*  Lumina,  nam  teneras  arcebant  vincula  palnif 
^^^"^  Non  tuiit  hanc  speciem  furiat^  mente  Cliora 

£t  sese  medium  injecit  moriturus  in  agmen. 
Consequimur  cuncti,  et  densis  incurrimus  ar 
Hic  primum  ex  aito  delubri  culmine  telis 
Nostrorum  obruiinur,  oriturque  miserrima  o 

415.  Ex  face  nostro-  Armorum  facie,  et  Graiarum  errore  jubarun 
mm  armoruin  rp       j^^^  gemitu,  atque  erept»  virgiuis  ir; 

413.    Danai    eammoti  „    i-  ii     .•  •        j     *  •  a* 

gemita,  a^ue  ir&  virgi-  Undique  coilecU  mvadunt :  acemmus  Ajax, 

nia  erepte  ex  suit  «am-  £t  gemini  Atridae,  Dolopumque  exercitus  oi 

but  Adversi  rupto  ceu  quondam  turbine  venti 

416.  Ceuadvergj  ven-  Confligunt,  Zephyrusque,  Notusque,  et  laetui 
S?.te  i:\JI  e"o^  Eurus  equis :  stridunt  ,ylv«,  s«vitque  tride. 
equia,  quoiidam  confli-  I^puineus  atque  imo  Nereus  ciet  aequora  tun 
gunt,  turbine  rupto         Illi  etiam,  si  quos  ubscura  nocte  per  umbrmi: 

NOTES. 

Grecian  armour,with  tlie  figure  of  Neptune,  understands  it  of  their  rual 

the  inveterate  onemy  of  tlie  Trojan».     /m-  closo   or  couipacted  body  o 

mixti  Datiais,     It  is  ono  characteristic  of  Irruunus  in  dtnsum  agmen  ht 

the  valiant,  tliat  thcjr  mingle  with  tlio  raiiks  41:2.  Facit  armorum :  from 

of  Uio  oiieiny.     Homer  says  of  Diomcdc,  of  thcir  annour,  the  Trojani 

that  he  so  minglod  with  the  Trojans,  that  &  bo  Grcoks.    Jubarum:  cresl 

■pectator  would  liave,  sometiinos,  been  at  a  413.  Gemitu:  inthe  sonso 

loss  to  know  whcther  he  bolonged  to  tho  Grecks  (moved^  witli  grief  i 

TrojanK,  or  to  tlie  Grooks.  on  account  of  tne  virgin  rem 

393.  Coriserimus  muUa  praiia  :  we  wago  hands,    being   collectod   tog 

many  a  fight.     Orco :  in  tlie  sense  ofad  in-  qu&rtors,  attack  us.    Gemitus 

feros.  uscd  in  a  wider  sense  thai 

402.  NihUfas:  it  is  not  right  tliat  any  Rusua  and  Ueyne  t&ke  it 

one  should  have  confidence,  (trust  in  any  dolur, 

thing)  tho  guds  being  against  liim.     J^Uiil  414.  Ajax.     He  waa  the 

and  nU  are  oAcn  uacd  nimply  in  the  sense  of  Ho   ravished  Cassandra  in 

HOM.    The  vcrb  tst  is  undorstood.  Mincrva^  for  which  he  was  af 

404.  Crinibus  passis:  with  ioose  or  dis-  ly  punisliod  by  tliat  ffoddei 
heveiled  hair.  Passis^  from  the  verb  pan-  41.  Ajaz,  the  sonof  Telai 
dor^  to  bo  looso  or  spread  opon.  tiino  bcfore  killed  iiimself,  fo 

405.  Tendetu :  raisiiig  her  glaring  cyes  to  tlie  cuntest  for  the  armour  ol 
heaven  in  vain.  /'Via/a :  in  vain,  eitlicr  be-  415.  Gtmini  Atridtt:  th 
cause  the  gods  wcro  inezorable,  or  because  Atreus,  Agamemnon  and  Mi 
■he  could  not  move  tlie  compassion  of  the  416.  Ccu  adcersi  verUi:  a« 
Greeks.  This  is  a  most  moving  represcn-  winds.  &c.  This  aimile  it 
tation  of  tlie  beautiful  propiietess  anu  prin-  Hoincr,  lliad  9.  In  corop 
cess  in  distross.  No  wondcr  that  it  roused  Scaiiger  found  the  prefereno 
the  indignatiun  of  thls  vahaiit  band,  aiid  to  Virgil,  that  he  reckons  h 
brought  thoin  to  her  rescue.  Tlic}'  avongnd  and  Hoiuer  the  acholar.  C« 
tlie  horrid  deed  upon  their  cncmios.  scnso  of  certant, 

401 ,  Spccicm :  sight-^pectade.  Thisaight  419.  jVeretu:  a  marine  goi 

Chorcebus  could  nut  bear.  was  assigned  to  him  by  the  | 

409.  Iti4  nrrimus :  we  ruah  upon  thoin  to  to  Neptune.     Seo  Ccl.  vi.  39 

the  rcscur  of  Cassandra.     Detuis  armis :  4;2U.  61  quos  fudimus :  if 

wilhdoee  wcapona — in  dose  amjr.    Heyne  any  by  itratagem  through  Ui 


\ 


iENEIS.    LIB.  n.  22i 

inmdiis,  tot^que  agitavinuis  urbe, 

primi  cly|>eos  inentita(]ue  tela  4SBL  llii  etiam  appa- 

it,  atque  ora  sono  discordia  sitrnant.  •^^'5  ^nmupie 

uimur  nuniero,  primus(iue  Chorcebus 
extra  divae  annipotentis  ad  aram  426 

it :  cadit  et  Ripheus,  justissinius  imus, 
n  Teucris,  et  servantissimus  a;(]ui ;  437.    Qui   fuit   onus 

visum.     Pereunt  Hy|)anis(]ue,  Dymasque,  jurtiji«irau«,  et 

sociis :  nec  te  tua  piurima.  Pantheu, 
1  pietas,  nec  Apollinis  infula  tcxit.  430 

sres,  et  flamma  extrema  meorum, 

1  occasu  vestro,  nec  tela,  nec  ullas  432.    Testor  vox,  «w 

vices  Danadm :  et,  si  fata  fuissent  viuviwe  nec  tela,  nei 

»m,  mcniisse  manu.     Divellimur  inde,  ^^  ^"**  Dannftm 

Pelias  mecum  :  quorum  ]|>hitu8  levo  435 

ior,  Pelias  et  vulnere  tardus  Ulyssei. 

is  ad  sedes  Priami  clamore  vocati. 

ingentero  pugnam,  ceu  cietera  nusquam  ^38.   Hlc  vero  eerm* 

mt,  nulli  totl  morerentur  in  urbe  :  *~  ingentem  ptt|{nam« 

«  ceu 

3m  indomitum,  Danaosque  ad  tecta  ruentes  440 

NOTE8. 

it,  lco.  ihey  aleo  appear.    Menli-  429.  ^ee  tum  phtrima  pietae :  nor  did  thj 

ae  or  fictitioua  armour.     It  pur^  freat  pioty,  nor  the  filleta  of  Apollo,  proted 

:  thoae  who  wore  it  were  Greeki ;  thee  frbm  falling. 

k  were  Trojana.  431.  Jiiaei  eineree:  ye  Trojan  aahea,  and 

riMttl  em:  they  olwerve  our  worda  ^hr  laat  flamea  of  my  country,  I  call  you  to 

n  wKiud  frora  theira.     We  speak  witnew,  that,  &c     Fieet,    By  this  Serviue 

JH:uage,and,therefore,theyknow  understands  pugrM,  fightu;    becauae  they 

.  be  aome  ducepUon  in  the  busi-  ^^^fS^^  hy  coursee.      Scaliger  takoi   it  to 

oe  nnderatand  by  tono^  the  Gre-  "*«*"  wounds  and  deadl^  blows,  milnera  el 

i-word.     Ora:    in  the  aenae  of  ^o-det;  because  wounds  m  fightinf  are  mu- 

HQ^QQ^  tuaily  given  and  receivcd.     Donatus  cunni- 

Ml  obruimw!  liirtMtly  we  are    ^LT  ^":  ^JT"!!.?':.'';!.  «''*''!'°"-..'^'! 
«I  by  number..    The  «rord  ilMl    r"i' «"?»' Jomcd  »>«h  «t.  be.ng  a  terro  u«,d      , 

.Uy  La  in  the  ^,,  of  aelum  e.t :    j»  '^"'='"8  ^.  ^f^t  """■"• '"  oppo..l.on 
.  'h  wu  ui  expre«ion  uocd  by    '"  V'">;  "»  "■"  <>"••     ^"^  "«'•  I*"»>-  "^f 
who,  when  he  thought  m  to  put    F'""|'«-     Hoyne  .ay.  «m«  p«^ 

bu.ine«.  ordered  tho'crier  to  pVo-        \^-  {^""f^ "  '"  "^"  ""~  "'^  'Ta^^' 

,.  ;  ^    .     1     ,       „  '^,.  434.  Jfentuee  manu :  thut  1  mcritcd  it  by 

^^ue.  tre  lutt :  aU may  go-the    j^j,  ^^^^  ^^^   j  ,    ^^  ^^^^j^^     ^^^^  7 

•omething  noble  in  thia  sontimcnt.     It  con- 

mipoieniis  Divm:  the  warliko  god-  g.ders  death  aa  a  priie  or  reward,  which  th« 

laa.     See   Geor.  i.  la.     Pentlti :  yaliant  win  by  their  merit  or  valor.     Thif- 

vaa  one  of  the  ^vfi  generaU  of  the  agrecs  with  his  former  reflection :  pulehtum 

who  came  to  the  Trojan  war.  ^,|^  t^oH  tueeurnt  in  armit.     Divelltmur  iN- 

nan  aliter  Dt».    Having  niontion-  de  fphitut^  ei :  we  are  tom  away  from  tlience, 

ia  friend  waa  tbe  most  just,  and  He  spcaki  of  it  aa  a  great  aflliction ;  and, 

rvant  of  juatice  among  the  Tro-  ai  it  were,  accuaei  his  fato  that  aenied  him 

aa  certajnly  could  not  mean  that  the  honor  of  ao  glorioua  a  death. 

itherwiae  to  the  gods.    Somcthing  435.  Oravior  ttvo:  Iphitus  waa  now  op- 

it  must  be  undentood.    Now,  the  presscd  or  enfeebled  with  agc;  and  Pelias 

f  thii  ezoellent  man,  would  natu-  disabled  by  a  wound  which  he  had  received 

ast  the  reflection  that  he  deserved  from  Ulysses.    ^vo:  for  annit, 

nd:  he  ougfat  not  to  have  fallen  437.    Protinut:    tmmediately — in  hMta 

wt;  but  he  checks  himself:  Dft  Foeati:  «umut  is  understood. 

m:   ii  aeeiiied  otherwise  to  the  438.  Ceu:  in  the  senao  of  <piatu    It  ie 

(■UBenUtora  have  been  much  di-  understood  before  nuUi.    Belta :  in  the  Mmae 

pinioa  opon  theee  worda.     But  in  of  pugnet. 

tlMj  are  plaia  uid  intelligible.  440  Martem  indomiium :   Mara^  ^vww^ 

tH  m  BaduAood,  ungoveined.    JHart,  the  fod  oC  nvnx^  ^  lop 


282  P*  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Cerniraus,  obsessumque  acti  testudine  limea. 
Hacrent  parictibus  scalae,  postesque  sub  ipaos 

445.  Danai  nituntur    Nituntur  gradibus ;  clypeosque  ad  tela  sinisCl 

Protecti  objiciunt,  prensant  fastigia  dextris. 
Dardanidse  contra  turres  ac  tecta  doroonim 

446.  His  telis  paraot  Culmina  conveliunt :  his  se,  quando  ultima  c 
deiandere  w  Extrema  jara  in  morte  parant  defendere  teiis 

Auratasque  trabes,  veterum  decora  alta  paro 
Devolvunt :  alii  strictis  mucronibus  imas 
Obsed^re  fores :  has  servant  agmine  denao. 
451.  JV(w/rtaiiimi«imf  Instaurati  animi,  regis  succurrere  tectis, 
^*^"*  Auxilioque  levare  viros,  vimque  addere  victii 

Limen  erat,  caecsque  fores,  et  pervius  usu 
465.  Dum  regna  Pri-  Tectorum  inter  se  Priami^  postesque  relicti 
mn  A  tergo :  mfelix  qui  se,  dum  regna  manobai 

NOTES. 

frar,  or  fightinf  in  general.    M  teeta:  to        447.  /n  exinama  morU:  in 

the  palace.  trophe.    Siqtrema  rumtt  nj» 

441.  Tetiudine  aeid:  the  teftudo  heing  448.  Devolmmi  auraiat  tnU 
formed.  The  tetiudo  waa  a  figure  into  which  blo  down  upon  their  enemi 
the  loldiera  formod  themselvei  in  atUicking  raftera,  the  etvtely  decoratioi 
towni  and  other  fortified  placei.  The  first  cestore.  InthifipaMage,the| 
rank  ntood  upright,  the  next  behind  them  a  livoly  pictnre  of  men  in  i 
■tooped  lower  and  lower  by  degreei,  till  the  copies  have  dtcora  iila  pan 
laat  rank  kooeled  down :  ail  holding  their  haa  a  peculiar  emphaiii. 
targeti  or  ihields  over  their  headi  in  their  449.  AHi  obtedtre*  Theaa 
1«{1  handi.  By  thoie  meani  thev  were  se-  Trojan  guardi,  who  had  takei 
cure  from  the  niisHive  woaponi  of  the  enemy  the  lower  doora,  to  prevont  t 
frora  the  walls  and  towera.  To  carry  on  an  tho  Greeki.  Othera  underati 
attack  in  this  way  was  called,  agere  lettudi'  themielves,  who  had  besieg 
nem :  to  form  the  testudo,  or  targ^  defence.  Mueronibus.  Muero  ii  propei 
Limen:  the  passaire  which  led  up  to  the  the  sword;  by  synec.  put 
palace— the  place  before  the  door.  sword. 

442.  Parietibus,  Paries  is  proporly  the  450.  Dtnso  agmine:  in  a  • 
wall  of  a  house — murw^  the  wail  of  a  city.  pact  body.     w4mmt :  courage 

443.  J^Uuntur  gradibiu  sub^  &c.  By  gra-  452.  Levare:  in  the  sensc  c 
dibus^  here,  we  may  eiUier  undcretand  the  tis :  to  those  dospairing — fig 
Bteps  that  led  up  to  the  paiace,  or  the  steps  any  hope  of  victory.  Kim . 
of  the  scaling  ladders  by  which  they  mount-  In  the  sing.  it  ii  a  triptot;  in 
ed  up,  or  presscd  to  get  up,  to  the  roof,  the  lar. 

footof  tliose  laddero  being  placed  atthe  very  453.  Pervius  usus  tectorva 

door-posts.     Mr.  Davidson  undcratands  the  roughfare    (free  communica' 

panage  in  this  iast  senso.    The  former,  how-  tlie  palaces  of  Priam  with  ei 

ever«  ii  the  easicr :   which  is  the  lense  of  a  gate  lcf\  free  (unobserved 

RuBUi.    M  ipsas  portas^   says  he.     The  from  bchind^  where  unhapp| 

Greeki  ascend  (niluntur)  by  the  steps  up  to  &c. 

the  very  doora.     Postes^  properly  the  franie  It  appeare  that  Priam  ha 

of  the  door,  put,  frequently,  for  the  door  it-  near  cach  othor,  with  a  com: 

lelf^  by  moton.  tweon  them ;  in  one  of  wh» 

444.  Protecti  sinistris :  protected  by  their  Andromache  resided,  while  li 
•e(l  hands,  (by  tlic  shiclds  which  they  sup-  resided  in  the  other.  Limen 
ported  on  tlieir  lcfl  arm,)  they  oppose  thcir  Cctete:  privato— -lecret.  Thi 
ihields,  &c.  Fastigia :  the  roof,  or  the  eavcs  vato,  or  back  door,  ^neas  « 
or  edge  of  the  roof.  iacc,  and  ascended  by  the  ui 

445.  Tecta  culmina  domorum:  the  cover-  to  tho  walch-lower. 

ed  tops  of  tlieir  Iiousos.     Here  teeta  is  a  par-  454.  Postes :  in  the  senie  « 

ticipial  adjective,  from  the  verb  tfgo.     Its  455.  Qua  infelix  Jlndromm 

nauter,  tectum^  proporly  bignifiei  the  roof  or  tion  of  hcr  usmg  this  lecret 

oovering  of  any  building.     Hence  by  synoc.  palace,  givci  a  dignity  tc  thc 

ihe  buildinfl:  itielf — a  houie,  a  palace.  which  in  itsclf  if*  l^^w 


\ 


iCNEIS.    LIB.  II 

Andromache  ferre  incomitata  solebat 

eroe,  et  avo  puerum  Astyanacta  trahebat. 

ad  summi  fastigia  culminia,  unde  468.  Bie  wia  eirado 

lanu  miseri  jactabant  irrita  Teucri. 

I  in  pnecipiti  stantera,  suramisque  sub  astra      460     460.  Ao»  ciitnkm  af  • 

jn  tectis,  unde  omnia  Troja  vidori,  «^  ferro  lurrim 

^  V*  A  A    i    ••  *—  461.  UndeommiTro- 

laOro  solit»  naTea,  et  Achaica  castra ;  j^  ^^  .^^   ^,^  ^i^^  ^ 

Mi  ferro  circum,  qua  summa  labantes  navet   Danatkm    Mliia 

ras  tabu]ata  dabant,  convellimus  altis  naU  videri 

8,  inipulimuaque.     £a  lapsa  repente  ruinam  465 

onitu  trahit,  et  Danadm  super  agmina  late  453^  Cenat  Jaeimi  « 

;  ast  alii  subeunt :  nec  saxa,  nec  ullum  Danais 

m  interei  cessat  genus.  471.  Talu^  qualia  c< 

jlum  ante  ipsuro  primoque  in  limine  Pyrrhus  }"***'  "'»  *****  '^T^  "• 

»*i**i                             UA  Atf\  lucem,  pastus  roala  ^ra- 

U  telis  et  luce  coruscus  ahena.  47U     •       '^          .     -5 

^...     ,    ^^^      ,7^          ,              .  mma,    quem     tumidun* 

ubi  m  lucem  coluber,  mala  gramma  pastus,  fngida    bruma  tegebai 

i  sub  terrl  tumidum  quem  bruma  tegebat;  aub  terra;  nunc, 

NOTES. 

Swcrof:  her  parenta-in-law — ^Priam  palace,  oo  which  the  tower  stood,  and  lo 

eaba.    Attyanaeid, :  a  Greek  acc.  of  which  it  waa  fastened :  or  perhaps  the  high- 

ir.     Some  say  he  waa  carried  off  by  eei  story,  or  part  of  the  tower  only,  wa» 

,  othera  aay  by  Monelaua,  in  the  ab-  overthrown.      Labantet :   in   tho  sense  of 

*  PyrrhuB,  and  thrown  OYer  a  preci-  ir^fitmas. 

•rade  the  prophecy,  which  imported        464.  Dabant :  in  the  senie  of  habebani. 
he  iived,  he  would  avenge  hie  pa-        469.  Ante  iptum:    before   the   vcry  en- 

id  couniry.     The  name  is  of  Greek  irance,  or  vestibule.     The  veAtibulum  pro- 

ind  aigni&ea,  a  king  of  a  city.  perly  waa  the  court  yard  or  iipace  before 

Etado  ad  foitigia:  I  ascend  to  the  the  door  of  the  house.     By  primo  lipnine^ 

the  highcst  roof.     The  word  evado  we  may  undentand  the  outer  (^atc ;  perhaps 

hc  dauger  of  ilio  enterprise,  and  the  the  one  that  gave  admittance  iiito  the  ms- 

be  rmii  of  bcing  intercepted  by  ihe  tibulwm. 

470.  Coruteut  ahend  luee:   gleaming  in 

probable  thai  by  fatlyfia  bere,  we  arms,  and   brazon  light ;   ihe  brass  of  his 

nderstand  iho  baiUoments,  or  watch-  armour  reflected  the  light. 
vhich  had  becn  buili  upon  the  high-        Pyrrhut.    He  was  the  son  of   Achilles 

'.  of  ihe  palace.     We  may  suppose  and  Deidamia,  so  callod  from  the  color  of 

lee  io  nave  been  of  difiercnt  heij^hts,  hisskin,  which  was  rcd.    He  was  someiimos 

lave  conaisied  of  several  buildings,  callod  J^eoptolemut%  from  two  Greek  words, 

l  in  heigbi,  and  connecied  iogether  which  iog^ther  sigiiify  a  new  war.     He  in- 

)  Ibrm  one  mass,  each  of  ihem  with  herited  much  of  the  spirit  and  tempcr  of 

•ctive  roof ;  honce  ihe  propriety  of  his  father.     He  slew  Priam  while  holding 

pfwnons  :  «imiiiu  ieeii — siORiiit  cui-  the  aitar,  to  which  he  had  fled  for  refuge ; 

iBe.  and  sacrificed  his  daughter  Polyzena  at  ihii 

#11  prmeipiti :  in  a  dangerous  place  iomb  of  his  father.     Aftor  tho  destruction 

irojeciing  situation.  of  Troy,  he  carried  off  Andromacho,  whom 

Swmmit  tertit :  wiih  its  highesi  roof,  he  married ;  at  least  he  had  a  son  by  her, 

ly,  with  its  iop.     li  is  plain  ihai  l«c-  named  Molottut.     He  af\erwards  married 

re  meam  the  roof,  or  ridge  of  ihe  her  io  Helenus.  the  ^n  oi  Friam,  upon  hia 

falling  in  love  wiih  Hermione,  the  daughter 

Fkrro.     Ferrvm  properly  signifies  of  Monelaus  and  Helen. 
flenco  any  insimmeni  made  of  iron        Pyrrhus   was    slain    in   the  temple    of 

dgedtool;  such  as  swords,  axes,  ftc  ApoUo,  ai  Delphi,   by   Orestes,  to   whom 

Mse  Instrumenis  ihey  cut  ihe  iower  Hermione  had  been  promised.    Ho  waii  also 

rhere  Ihe  topmosi  siory  gavo  weak  called  Pelidet^  from  Peieut^  his  mndfalher. 

Mr.  Davidson  observes,  it  b  some-        471.  Pattut  maia:  having  fed  upun  pol* 

Bculi  to  determine  tho  meaning  of  sonous  herbs.     It  is  said  that  nerpents,  whcn 

in   this  place ;    becauso    tlie    po(>'.  they  lio  in  wait  f^r  eitlipr  man  or  beasi,  eat 

la  if  ilie  whole  tower  had  been  tom  puinonous  hcrbs  and  routs,  to  make  tbeir 

place,  and  not  one  siory  of  it  only.  hite  more  fatal. 
BfefV  ihinks  we  mav  undersiand  by        472.  Bruma :   properly  t)ie  shortesi  daf 

■e  igkuimia^  ihe  higheei  story  of  th»  of  wiater — iha  wmler  aoiifUca  \  Vienaa  V| 


CM  P.  VIRGILIl  MARONIS 

Nunc  positis  novus  exuviis,  niiidutque  jinrenlAi 
Luhrica  convolvit,  sublato  pectore,  tergB. 
475.  Vnk  e%tm  Pyr9  \'  Arduus  ad  Solem,  et  linguis  micat  ore  trwulcii 

^ngons      Poriphai»,     «   Uni  ingens  Periphas,  et  equoruin  agitator  Acl 

^''Pt^LJ^Z^  ^™igf'  Automedon  ,  «na  omniB  Scyria  pub. 

tor   equoruin    Aclullis,  Succedunt  tecto,  ot  flammaaad  culmiiia  jactu 

ttni  ttiain  oiiuiii  Jpse  inter  primoa,  corrept^  dura  bipenni, 

479.  Pifrrkiu  ipM  in-  Limina  perrumpit,  postcsque  »  cardine  Tellit 

lar  primoa  iEratos ;  jamque  excis^  trabe  firma  cavavit 

Robora,  et  ingentem  lato  dedit  ore  fenestram* 
Apparet  domus  intus,  et  atria  longa  patescunt 
Apparcnt  Priami  et  veterum  penetralia  regum 
486.  Danai  vident  ar-  Armatosque  vidcnt  stantes  in  limine  primo. 

oiAtM  cutiodcM  BtantM         At  domus  interior  gemitu  miseroque  tumuH 

Miacetur:  penitusque  cave  plangonbua  ledee 
Fcemineis  ululant :  ferit  aurea  sidera  clanior. 
Tum  pavide  tectis  matres  ingentibua  erranl : 
490.    Figunt    oacula  Amplexnque  tenent  postes,  atque  oscula  figu 

•ttu  Instat  vi  patril  Pyrrhus  ;  nec  claustra,  neque 

Cufltodea  sufiferre  valent :  labat  aiiete  crebro 

NOTES. 

■jDM.  the  whole  winter.     7\midwm :  ewol-  or  eroefpieee,  or  oCher  impedia 

len,  or  bloaied  with  poison.  inaide  of  the  door,  to  eeeure  it 

473.  JVeriM  erurtu  :   now,  renewed,  hie  we  may  ondentaod  the  imped 

■kin  being  cairt  oflf,  and  eleok  with  youth,  he  fencea  oa  the  ontaide  of  the  t 

rotla,  &C.     It  ia  woU  known  that  the  anake  pattes,  the  door  itaeH^  bj  meU 

chansrea,  or  creepa  out  of  hia  akin,  in  the  rumpii  dnra  UmuuLt  and  the 

aprinf^  of  the  year.      AriatoUe  informa  ua  eardine^  ahow  Pyrrhua  breakit 

that  thev  bo(;in  at  the  head,  and  having  di-  obstmctionai  and  tearing  dow 

vested  tlirinHelves  of    their    old    gamient,  and  eararil  being  in  the  perC 

tliev  appear  renowed  in  youth  and  beauty.  tlie  ease  and  rapidity  with  wfa 

This  is  effocted  in  about  the  apace  of  twenty-  was  produced.     Dedii:  in  the 
four  hourv.  484.  Penelralia,     Penetrak 

475.  •irdnus  ad  soiem  :  raiaed  or  elevatcd  nifies  the  interior  or  private  i 

to  the  sun ;  in  order  to  receivo  his  heat,  es-  a  house,  aa  here— that  part 

pecially  in  the  sprint;«  when  his  warm  beama  whcre  the  images  stood — the 

are   the  niost  cherishin|f.     Trisuieit,     The  the  responees  of  tbe  oradee 

poeta  rvprosent  serpents  aa   haring   three-  the  shrine.     Rueus  aaya,  rerc 
rorked  tongues,  pr^>l>ai>ly  on  account  of  the         487.  C«r«  «1^«:  the  rooma 

TolubiUty  of  their  tuiigues,  in  which  they  arches,  or  ceilinga.     Ulukmii 

are  aaid  to  oxceod  all  oiher  animals.  .Vico/ :  of  retonani.    PiangfibuM :   t 

tB  the  sonsc  of  vtbrat,  mcntationa.     Theae  rooma,  • 

477.  ^ffna :  an  adj.  from  Seyros^  one  of  of  the  femalee,  wtrt  in  the  n 

tho    Cyi-Udi>s.      .\chilioa  was  placod   here  rior  part  of  the  palace.     Thi 

m  the  hal>tt  of  a  \\  ouian,  undor  the  care  of  by  penitus. 
Lycomodos,  kiug  of  tho  isiand,  where  he        490.  •Iwtpiexm  teneni^  fte. 

doliled  his  iiaut:hu*r  lY^idamia,  who  brought  lusion  to  a  superstitioua  opia 

kim  Pyrrlius.     Sonio  say  L«ycitinodos  gave  Romans,    that    the  door-pof 

Idra  his  daUj^Iitor  in  marriage.     Pubes:  in  poesessed  a  kind  of  divinity. 

Ibe  aense  ot*  *urfHtus,  fore,  the  poet  representa  aa  In 

47 H.  iitietrduHt  tecto:  eome  np  to  the  pa*  embraced  bytheTrojaa  matn 

laco,  so  tiiat  t)u  v  i^ould  rrach  ihe  roof  with  bv  these  means  to  recommfl 

Ihe  damoak     Thoy  advance  up  to  a  proper  to  the  prolectioB  of  the  dm 

diataBce,  to  ihrow  tlauiee  upon  the  roof.  suppoeed  to  preside  over  thei 

4^1.  Cararti  jinna  rob^rm  :  and  now  hath  euia :  fiz  their  lipe  to  them-* 
be  pierced,  or  cut  tiir>Ni|rh  the  firm  wood,        4S9.  in^eniikuM  iteHa :  ii 

Ibe.    Thia  chan^e  of  tense  ia  very  erpree-  apartmenia — haUa. 
«ve  and  boauiiiul.     U  marks  the'  violence        4!^  Suferrt:  ia  the  aaM 

■f  Pjrnhus,  and  the  rapidity  of  hia  profreaa.  Cre^  cnefe  :  with  the  fren 

^f  amic  here«  we  maj  nndiialaai  the  har,  the  luna.    Tkii  vaa  aa  «« 


i!^.NFJS.     L(B.  II.  m 

et  einou  procninbunt  cardine  poste&. 

vi :  ruiupunt  aditus,  priiiiosque  trucidant 

i  Dauai,  et  late  loca  iniiite  coiiiplcnt.  456     49S.   Dtnai  rumpunt 

:,  aifgeribus  niptis  cum  spumeus  aiiinis  aditn»,  iniiniwiquo 

,,,.o.iu«,ue  evicit  gui^ite  moie^,  «pr^i^^if^ribu. ',;;';: 

in  ar?a  furens  cumulo,  cainposque  per  omnes         tis,  evicitque   opponitaA 
abulis  armenta  trahit.  ^  Vidi  ipse  furentein  molea  gurgite,  non  teriuf 

^eoptolemum,  geminosque  in  liiuine  Atridaa :  500  in  arva  lic  tureni 
3cubam,  centumcjue  nurus,  Priamuin(]ue  per  aras      ^^^-  Cumulo  aqnanm 
le  foL*dantem,  quos  ipse  sacraverat,  ignes. 
aginta  illi  thalami,  spes  tanta  nepotuin, 
ico  postes  auro  spoliisque  superbi, 

uer« :  tenent  Danai,  qua  deficit  ignis.  505     ^  ^•"^  ^»""*  ^ 

itan  et,  Priami  fuerint  qu»  fata,  requiras.  ~^*|"  g^i^^  .^ 

ibi  caplaj  casum,  convulsaque  vidit  qu^   circumdat   arait 

tectonim,  et  medium  in  penetrulibus  hostem  ;        diu  dosueu  humerii  tre- 
Liu  seiiior  desueta  trementibus  a;vo  montibuu  0vo,  oi 

NOTES. 

r  towni  and  fortified  placea,  to  make  one  wife  each ;  who,  in  tlie  wholo,  might 

.  in  the  waila.    It  wai  a  long  beam  make  the  exact  nuniber  of  a  hundred.    Thu 

of  timber,  one  end  of  which  wai  lost  ii  Ihe  bent,  or  most  probablc  explanit- 

i  witli  iron,  somewhat  roiembling  in  tion. 

!  head  of  a  ram,  whence  it  took  iti  502.  Fadantem :  defiling  with  hii  blood 

Thia  waa  laipended  in  the  middle  the  fires  which,  &C.     In  the  open  court  of 

elp  of  ropes,  to  another  beam,  ex-  his  paiace,  Priain  had  an  altar  connecrated 

crossiwo  posts,  and  tlirown  forward  to  Juoiter  Hercaus^  or  the  Frotcctor :   on 

Qsiegrers  wiOi  groat  violence  against  this  altar,  we  are  told  that  hallowed  fire  was 

kept  pcrpetuaily  buming. 

FoMtet:  the  door,  or  gate,  by  meton.  503.  ///»  ikalami:  those  fifty  bed-cham- 

Rmnpuni  adiitu:  they  force  a  pas-  bcrs,  the  so  great  hope  of  poHterity.     These 

entrance.  wcre  the  separate   roonis   where  his  sons 

XfiMfertur:  a  river,  when  it  hath  lodged  with  iheir  wives.    Homer  tclls  us 

brtb  foaining,  iU  barners  bemg  burst,  ^^^  p,iajn  had  twclve  daughters,  who,  wilh 

h  overcoine  the  opposing  mounds  their  husbands,  lodged  over  againit  his  sons. 

whirling  current,  is  not  bome  into  Hc  had  Uierefore  sixly-two  children  by  his 

siofuriouswithitsflood,&c.     The  .everal  wives,  ninetcen  of  whom   Hecuba 

re  gives  us  a  very  Uvely  idea  of  Uie  boro  him.    The  rest  he  had  by  hia  other 

the  Greeks.     It  ezceeded  that  of  a  ^ives.      All   Uiese   bed-chambers  were  in 

nt  up:  at  lengUi,  bursUng  iU  barri-  Priam^s  palace. 

rdowinr  the  «*i^"\^^^";^;J^^        604.  SuperH  barbarieo  auro:   decorated 
ig  de«,Tat.on  and  destmcUon  evwy    ^.^^  ^^^^.^      j^  ^^       jj^  ^ 

niUcouise.     Cumulo :  auclu  aqua.    frequenUy%aJIed  P/»r^iJ.a,  Barbary.     Soine 

SeJw    She  was  Uie  wife  of  Pfi-  ^,*^"'^?'*    "?h  *'"^-**  A  T^°''?  J*"!} 

j^T^    lyr  Phrygisn  gold.     It  is  better  to  undenttand 

d«.BhterofCu««,kingofThr.ce.  u  Jthe  gold,  which  h.d  been  Ukc»  from 

,  c*rr.ed  into  d.Tery  by  tl  e  Greok..  ^^       v„,ui.hed  eneraie.;  more  e.peci.lly 
nuru».  Honier  mforms  us  Uiat r riam  ?•■     •         j-  .  1     <•  n  •.      •.• 

Ta  iv  j    •      li  ij     ^  smce  tpoiuM  immediately   follows  it.     6t/- 

r  fittT  sons,  lliad  VI.     He  could  not  i.  .  ;«  .u    -«.,-«  ^c  »■     .  j         *-• 

L  u      1    j  j       u.  _  •     1  ...  perbi:  m  the  sense  of  ormili,  or  aeeoratt. 

e  have  a  hundred  daughters-m-law,  ^^  .  ^ ,  ;^  ^l^  «.«-«    c       ,       a     ^ 

u         *    u        u  j  *  Fotte» :  m  tne  sense  of  portv. :  doors. 
re  suppose  each  one  to  have  had  two  '^ 

This  might  have  been  the  case;  but  505.  Danai  tenent^  &c.     The  Greeks  are 

Qo  mentjon  made  of  it.     To  ezplaiu  here  beautifully  represented  more  cmel  than 

«olty,  some  take  the  definite  nuro-  *he  flames.     The  fire  abated,  and  fell  from 

um,  for  an  indefinite  one.     Othcrs,  »ts  rage :   but  the  more  merciless   Oreeks 

rhom  is  Rnsus,  take  nuru*  for  an  ?'«»•  on  UU  all  is  destroycd. 

it,  OT  wailer,  underatanding  by  een-  507-  ^«"*»  •  »n  ^«  «»«?«»«  of  ruinam, 

MS,  the  hnndrod  servants,  or  waiten  508.  JAmina  tertorum  eonvulta :  the  door 

te.     Bni  there  is  no  iropropriety  in  of  his  palace  tom  down — broken  throiigh. 

if  that  the  sons  of  Priam,  imitaUng  Penetratibu» :  in  the  inner  or  ^riviA»  ik^^axV 

ifle  of  tlMir  fiuhtr«  had  more  than  ments  of  his  palaoa. 

16 


P.  VTllGlLll  MARONIS 

Circumdat  n^quicquam  humeris,  et  inutile 
Cingitur,  ac  densos  fertur  morituruB  io  hoste» 
iEdibus  in  mediis,  nudoque  sub  etheris  ajM 
Ingens  ara  fuit,  juxtaque  veterrima  laurus, 
[ncumbens  arae,  atque  umbd^  complexa  Penal 

cli^im  .iSriT^'!^  JJ^^  H^"^  «\"'^^  nequicquam  altaria  circA 
tM,  ceu  oolumbiD  volani  Praecipites,  atri  ceu  tempestate  columbae, 
ttb  atrm  tempestate,  et  Condensae,  et  Div(im  amplexce  simulacra  tencil 
unpieze  Ipsum  autem  sumptis  Priamum  juvenilibus  an 

^!^:  Autem  Heeuba^  jj^  yidit:  Quae  mens  tam  dira,  miserrime  con 

tU,  inquit:  ^^^  ^h  auxilio,  nec  defensonbus  istis 

620.  Impulit  te  cingi   Tenipus  eget :  non,  si  ipse  meus  nunc  afibrel 

Huc  tandem  concede :  h«ic  ara  tuebitur  onu» 

nmvdJ^HLwn.  ™**"*"  ^"^  moriere  simul.     Sic  ore  effata,  recepit 
^  Ad  sese,  et  sacri  longaevum  in  sede  locavit. 

Ecce  autem  elapsus  Pyrrhi  de  caede  PoHta 
Unus  natorum  Priami,  per  tela,  per  hostea 
Porticibus  longis  fugit,  et  vacua  atria  lustrat 
Saucius :  illum  ardens  infesto  vulnere  Pyrrhc 
Insequitur,  jam  jamque  manu  tcnet,  et  preaii 
^  631,  Tojidem,  ot  eva-  ut  tandem  ante  oculos  evasit  et  ora  parentui 
■a^Mte^oculoe  et  ora  Concidit,  ac  multo  vitam  cum  sang^uine  fudit 

Hic  Priamus,  quanquam  in  media  jam  mortc 
Non  tamen  abstinuit,  nec  voci,  iraeque  pepei 
At,  tibi  pro  scelero,  exclamat,  pro  talibus  av 
Dt  (si  qua  est  ccelo  pietas,  qu»  talia  curet) 

NOTES. 

610.  Circumdat:  in  the  sense  of  induii,  or  wife;  from  the  verb  eot| 

Cingitur:  in  the  sense  of  eingit,  thought — purpose. 

512.    Sub  nudo  cLxt:    under    the    naked  522.  fpse  meus  Hector:  ifii 

(open)  c&nopj  of  heaven.    ^xis^  properly  self  wcro  now  here,  he  could 

tiie  pole,  by  synec.  the  wholo  hoaven  or  sky.  523.  Coneede :  bet&ke  youn 

This  al^r  was  situated  in  the   middle,  or  in  this  last  extremity.     This 

centre  of  the  palace — mediis  (rdibus.     On  tect  us  all.     Altars  and  otli 

this  altar,  Priam  had  consecratcd  the  per-  places  were  looked  upon  as  i 

petual  fi/e.     Here  he  was  slain.     If  wc  sup*  places  of  rcfuge:  to  which  i 

pose  the  palace  of  such  form  and  dimen-  flce  for  safety. 

■ions  as  to  admit  a  large  space  or  arca  m  525.  Longavum :  in  the  sc 

the  centre,  exposed  to  the  open  air  above,  5'2C.  J)e  ciede  Ptfrrhi :  not 

there  will  bo  no  difficulty  in  understanding  of  Pyrrhus ;  but  from  death 

this  passage.  ryrrhuA. 

514.  Compiexa  Penaies :  embracing  the  528.  Longin  parficibus:  i 
Penates  with  its  shade.  La  Cerda  would  sagos.  Mr.  David^ion  rcnd 
undenitand  by  Penates^  the  palace,  or  house,  thc  long  gallcries.  Lustrat, 
%M  thc   word  somctimes  signifies;  because  pererrat. 

this  was  not  the  place  of  the  Penates^  or  529.  Investo  rulnere:    wi 

household  gods.     But  others  think  the  sta^  weapon.      Vulnus  is  here   t 

tues  of  the  Penates  werc  placed  here,  on  the  for  thc  wouiiding  instrumei 

■ame  altar  with  that  of  Jupiter  Hereaus,  that  iuflicts  thc  wound. 

515.  J^ata:  in  the  sense  of  JUia^  vel  630.  Jamjamqne:  sAmt^ 
nurus.  his  hand,  and  prcsses  upo 

516.  Pnreipites:  quick— in  haste.  sp^ar. 

517.  Ccndfnsm  eircitm:  crowded  aiound  Wl-  J^asit:  in  the  sense 
the  altars.  Simulaera:  in  tho  sen^e  of  ^^^-  Ahsiinuit:  in  the  pe 
ttMtuas.  ^'^^-  ^^^  scelere^  pro:   f< 

519.  Miserrime:  in  the  sense  of  tnA/tcif-     n**'^^  ^^^  »"^**»   andaciou.s   . 
the  voc.     Cory'ux  is  e*»Hcr  a  hushand     go^^  in**«e  yo«  suitable  rct 


iENEIS.     LIB.  II. 

Dt  ^tes  dignat,  et  pncmia  reddant 

qui  nati  coram  me  cemere  letum 

5t  patrioa  fcBdJiati  funere  vultus.  539.  Panm  efutJUa 

lle,  Batum  quo  te  mentiris,  Achilles  640     640.  ^  qiio  meniini 

boste  adt  Priamo  ;  sed  jura  fidemque  ^  ••^  «"« 

I  erubuit ;  corpusque  exsangue  sepulchro 

Hectormim,  meque  in  mea  regna  remisit. 

aenior,  telumque  imbelle  sine  ictu 

:  rauco  quod  protinus  eere  repulsum,  646     545.  Quod  npultnni 

lo  cljTpei  nequicquam  unibone  pependit.  "'  protinQ» 

■hus  :  Referes  ergo  hjBC,  et  nuntius  ibis  547.  Cui  PyrrhiM  r#- 

enitori :  ilii  mea  tristia  facta,  tpondit 

emque  Neoptolemum  narrare  memento.         649     ^-  >I«monlo  narriP 

>r«r«.     H«c  dicens,  altaria  ad  ipsa  trementem     {jjplol^;';,^;"^: 

;t  in  multo  lapsantem  sanguine  nati : 

:que  comam  levi  ;  dextrique  coruscum  .  .<>    a      uaa'4 

*  ,  ^     .  ,     .  '  .  ,.*..^  653.    Ac  ADdiait  eum 

le  lalen  capulo  tenus  abdidit,  ensem.  1^,1  Priami  tenOi  ca- 

B  Priami  fetorum  :  hic  exitus  iilum  pulo 

NOTES. 

I  ngnifiM.  in  proportion  to— cor-  waa  ilain.     Virgii,   howover,  forbcara   to 

I  to.   In  the  preaent  caee  it  is  olio  mention  theie  drcumstancei,  and  attribatee 

Jiutis,     Aunm  is  properly  a  the  restoration  of  Hector"*  corpie  to  the 

le  verb  audeo  ;  uied  aa  a  lub.  generosity,  jostice,  and  sense  of  honor,  of 

lui  feeish  me  eoram,  fto.     Priam  Achilles,  in  order  to  set  the   character  of. 

eomplain  of  hb  killing  his  son ;  Pyrrhus  in  a  more  forcible  light. 

>  barbaritjr  in  making  him  to  be        Achilles  had  it  in  his  power  to  have  de- 

BB   of  so   shocking  a  sight^for  tained  the  aged  monarch,  or  to  have  put  him 

rn  before  his  eyes.  to  deaih ;   bot  he  blushod  {entbuiC)  at  the 

tdiUH  palriot:  hast  defiled  a  fa-  thnu^ht  of  violating  the  laws  of  nations, 

with  the  dead  body  of  his  son.  which  forbid  all  violence  to  the  person  of  a 

jB  Servins,  is  a  carcass  or  dead  king;  which  require  the  forms  of  burial  to 

m  and  newly  slain.    When  car-  be  allowed  to  the  dead,  and  the  laws  of 

»  receive  funeral  rites,  it  is  called  humanity  to  be  observcd  even  to  an  enemy, 

;  the  ashes  of  it,  when   bumed,  when  disarmed :   thoM   laws   he  observed, 

iieltquitt:  and  the  interment  of  and  that  faith   (Jidem)   which  is  due  to  a 

tmuiehrum»  suppliant,  whose  person   has  always  beon 

AekiUa  t/le,  tfuo :    but  Achilles  held  sacrod  by  the  laws  of  hospitality 

r  whom,  you  ftJeely  say,  you  was        544.  letu :  in  the  sense  of  impeiu, 

WMM  cot  soch  toward  Priam,  his        545.  RepuUum:  it  was  so  repellcd,  that 

it  fell  short  of  wounding  him.     It,  ho^cvcr, 

a  eevere  sarcasm ;  as  if  he  had  pierced  the  boss  of  his  buckler,  and  hung 

cUim  deecent  from  Achillos,  but  there  harmless,  having  produccd  no  cffect 
■M  £ive  yoa  the  lie;  no  man  of        546.  Umbone.  Umbo  was  tho  middle  part 

could  begct  r.ich  a  son.    Saium :  of  the  shield.    This  rose  or  projcctcd  for- 

le  of  gmtlu*".  ward  from  the  plane  of  the  shicld,  in  a  ciuvod 

*,ruh%ni  jura:   he  bloshed  at  the  or  circular  form.     By  summo  tunhonr^  we 

itions,  and  the  faith  due  to  a  sup-  are  to  underatand  the  fartliest  point  ul  |»ro- 

:  had  regard  to  the  laws,  Iec  The  jection;   which  was  also  t)io  centrc  of  ti:e 

mi  is  eztreroely  beautiful  and  ez-  shield.    Here  the  spear  of  Priam  stuck.     It 

is  sometimes  taken  for  the  whole  shicld,  by 

B  death  of  Hector,  Achilles  bound  synec. 

lod/  to  his  chariot,  and  drew  it        547.   /6u  nuntius:  you  shall  go  a  unif- 

tomb  of  Patroclus,  whom  Hectpr  sengcr  to  my  father  Achilles,  whom  you 

lod  around  tho  walls  of  Troy,  for  so  much  praise,  and  tcll  him  that  his  mo 

m  in  succession.     At  this  piteous  has  degonerated  from  the  virtues  of  his  fa- 

n  was  induced  to  go  to  Achillcs,  tlier. 

•  body,  thatit  mijrht  receive  the        548.  Trisiia:  foul — horrid.     Rucussays 

ipoltare;    who,  aiter   much  cn-  indiena, 

tnMnj  rich  presents  ffiven  him,        5.->4.  Faforum :  in  the  senso  o>  viia.    Th 

»  body  oo  the  twelAh  day  aflei  i  was  the  end  of  the  Ufe  of  Pnim.    Hvt  nx\ 


P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Sorte  tulit,  Trojam  incensam  et  prolapsa  T«ieill 

Pcr^jrania,  tot  <|iiondain  populis  terrisque  supeili 

Regnatorem  Asias :  jacet  ingens  litore  tnincus, 

ATulsumque  humeris  caput,  et  sine  nomine  cof] 

At  me  tum  primum  ssevus  circumstetit  horra 

54MI.  Sabiit  niihi  in  Obstupui :  subiit  chan  genitoris  imago, 

infUem  Ut  regem  fpquaevum  crudeli  vulnere  vidi 

Vitam  exhalantem  :  subiit  deserta  Creusa, 
£t  direpta  domus,  et  parvi  casus  luli. 
Respicio,  et,  (]ua!  sit  me  circum  copia,  luatro. 
Deseruere  onmes  defessi,  et  corpora  aaltu 
566.  Dedte  ea  mgn,  Ad  terram  mis^re,  aut  ignibus  aegra  ded^re. 
^^^^  Jamque  aded  super  unus  eram,  cum  limina  1 

NOTES. 

tut  hdii:  thi«  death  carricd  him  off  (torie)  a  name.    The  head  being  the  k 

bv  divine  appointment.    This  is  a  singular  person,  that  beinff  cut  oiF,  there  ] 

idiom.      The   leveral    circumstances    here  lefl  to  come  at  tne  name,  or  to 

mentioned  in  the  death  of  Priam,  aggravate  the  person.     Or,  tini  nomine 

the  cnielty  of  the  action,  and  set  ^rth  the  without  honoi^-dcspicable. 

ferocious  tempcr  of  Pyrrhus.     Ue  drow  him  561.  Ut :  in  the  senae  of  aon. 

(iratit^)  trembling  with  age  and  docaj  of  562.  Creuta,     The  daughtero 

nature,  to  the  verr  altar  whero  ho  Iiad  fled  Hccuba,  and  wife  of  iEneaa.     S 

for  safetv;  and  alipping  (laptantem)  in  the  in  tho  eack  of  Troy.     Direpta: 

blood  or  his  son;  the  siglit  of  which  was  563.  Catut:  in  the  seose  of  t 

woree  than  death :  thon  he  'twisted  his  hair  565.  Saltu :  by  a  leap  or  ■pnl 

« ith  his  left  hand,  and,  with  his  right  hand,  566.  JEgra  :   faint — wora  a 

c  rew  his  glittering  sword  from  ita  scabbard,  tigue,  lo  that  thej  could  fight  n 

tnd  plunged  it  into  hii  body  up  to  the  hilt.  567.  Jamque  ade^ :  and  lo  I  ^ 

fiere  wo  have  a  lively  picture  of  a  man  lost  maining  alone,  when  I  behold 

td  all  sense  of  humanity,  and  capable  of  The  parti  of  the  verb  tt^ertttm 

^erpetrating  tho  most  atrocious  dccds.     It  parated,  forthosake  of  the  vem 

shows,  also,  tho  pen  of  a  mastcr.     A  painter  Some  critics  have  doubted  t 

could  copy  it  ness  of  this  passage  conceming 

556.  Pergama :  ncu.  plu.  properly  tlio  fort  to  the  58Bth  line  inclusive.  Tn 
of  Troy.  It  is  frequently  takcn  for  the  city  signed  are  three.  First :  Whal 
itself,  by  synec.  Hcre  it  is  used  in  its  appro-  of  her  fearing  the  resentment  ( 
priato  sense  and  meaning,  as  distinguished  contradicts  what  he  says  of  I 
from  the  city.  525.)   having   sought  to  make 

555.  Videniem :  it  agrees  with  illum,  him  by  betraying  De'iphobu8. 

557.  iSii7ier6umrf^a/orm:theproudruIer  That  Virgil  here  outrages  the 
over  80  many  nations  and  countries  of  Asia.  his  hero,  by  making  him  enterti 
Friam  is  said  to  have   once  reigned  ovcr  of  killing  a  woman,  and  per 
Pkrygia  Major  and  Minor :  which  includcd  dccd  in  the  temple  of  Vesta.    T 
the  greater*  part  of  Asia  Minor,  or  Natolia.  Virgil  cannot  be  supposed  so  i 
RuflBUs  interprets  the  words  thus :   hegem  with  the  history  of  Helen,  as 
•iriat^elarumpropter  totgentet^  et  tot  regiontt,  that  she  lcft  Troy  long  before 
Jaeet  ingent  truneut :  he  lies  a  largo  trunk         In  answer  to  the  fint  objecti 
upon  tho  shore.     Some  think  thc  poet  had  said  that,  though  sho  endeavo 
here  in  his  view,  tho  circumstances  of  the  tiate  herself  with  Menelaus, 
doath  of  Pompey,  whose  hoad  his  assassins  Deiphobus  to  him,  it  doei  nc 
cut  off,  and  threw  his  body  on  the  shoro.  he  was  entirely  reconciled  to  li 
Othors  say  that  Priam  was  not  slain  at  the  are  told  by  Euripidei  that  h 
altar ;  but  drawn  by  Pyrrhus  to  tho  tomb  of  Helen  as  a  captive  along  wit 
his  father,  which  was  on  the  promontory  of  womcn,  with   a  view  to  haT< 
Si^um,  and   thcre    slain  to  appease  his  death  by  the  Greeks  whose  ■< 
Manet.     Ho  may  have  been  sloin  at  the  al-  in  the  war.     To  the  lecond  ob^ 
tar,  and  his  dead  body  af\erward  cast  upon  be  rcpliod,  that  Aneas  did  n« 
the  shore.     This  supposition  will  make  the  dcath ;  and  evcn  if  he  had,  tj 
poet  consistent  and  intelligible.  Regnatorem  have  been  palliatod,  m  a  gooi 
pat  in  apposition  with  itlum,  consideration  of  the  clrcunMl 

S5S,  Coffua  tifU  nomine:  a  body  without    case.    In  the  horry  and  conf 


iUNEIS.    LIB.  II.  289 

n,  et  tacitam  secretli  in  sede  latentem 
i  aspicio  :  dant  clara  incendia  lucem 

Mssimque  oculos  per  cuncta  ferenti.  670  ^^0.  Mihi  emnti,  fa- 
nfestos  eversa  ob  Pergama  TeucroB,  Mntique  ocuio. 

Danaam,  et  deserti  conjugis  iras  Erinny.  Troj»  et  ejui 

ns,  Trojse  et  patris  communis  Erinnys,  p&trie,  pcrmetuens  Teu- 

:  sese,  atque  aris  invisa  sedebat.  cruninfestoi  sibiobefer. 

ignes  animo :  subit  ira  cadentem  675  ••  I*®'^^^»^  ^^ 
Ltriam,  et  sceleratas  sumere  pcenas. 

BC  Spartam  incolumis  patriasque  Mycenas  .  ^'^7*.  ^'^"^  wjihoet, 

F^         .«..  .*.         u    ft        ^  «iioi4te6am,  mcolumifl  aii- 

partoque  ibit  regma  tnumpho  ?  piciet  Spirtam 

nque,  domumque,  patres,  natosque  vidcbit, 

irbi  et  Phrygiis  comitata  ministris  ?  680 

ferro  Priamus  ?  Troja  arserit  igni  ? 

rai  toties  sudirit  sanguine  litus  ? 

namque  etsi  nullum  memorabile  nomen  583.    Non    ita  erii 

in  pcenal  est,  nec  habet  victoria  laudem ;  namque 

>  ne&a  tamen,  et  sumpsisse  merentis  686 

N0TE8. 

n«  with  which  his  mind  muit  then  573.  Permetvent :  dreading — ^greatly  fear* 

■acked,  who  could  haye  blamed  ing.     The  per  in  compoBition  increaBcii  tne 

ad  Avenged  hb  own  and  his  coun-  signification  of  the  simple  word.     Hclen 

inn  upon  her,  who  waa  justly  proved  fatal  both  to  Greece  and  Troy ;  to 

with  the  guilt  of  to  many  thou-  the  former,  in  tlie  loss  of  so  many  heroes : 

is,  and  the  utter  desolation  of  a  to  the  latter,  in  being  the  cause  of  its  ruin. 

>oent  people — a  once  flourishing  She  is  thercfore  stylcd  tlie  eommon  fury. 

ul  kingdom?     But  when,  instead  Erinnyt^  a  name  commou  to  the  three  furies. 

rav  to  the  first  eniotions  of  a  just  See  Geor.  i.  278. 

,  ne  checks  himself,  deliberates  574.  Invisa :  hated — an  odious  Mght ;  ra- 

«rits  of  the  action^and  is  at  length  ther  than  unseen,  as  Rusbus  has  iu 

from  doing  it  by  the  interposition  575.  Jgnet  exarsere :  flames  flashcd  in  my 

doM  mother ;  or,  in  other  words,  mind.    Jra  tubii :    my  resentment  rose  to 

e  of  superior  judgment,  thcre  is  avcnge  my  falling  country. 

•▼en  for  the  severest  crilics  to  576.  Sumere  teeleratat  pasnat :  to  take  se- 

s  conduct.     Lastly :    Hcrodotus  vere  punishnient.     Or,  perhaps,  to  take  pu- 

that  he  leamed  from  some  Egyp-  nisbnient  of  such  a  cursed  woman.     The 

;,  who  had  received  the  same  from  same  as,  tumere  pamat  de  teeleraia  fvnnina 

limael^  that  the  Trojans  had  sent  Rusbuh  says,  vanat  teelerit,    Ueyne,  pana. 

Bgypt  before  the   Greeks  rede-  tumplat  a  teiiertUa, 

r.     Of  this  fact,  the  historian  ap-  577.  Myeenat:  Mycen«  wasnot  the  placa 

lave  been  fully  convinced.     But  of  her  own  nativity,  but  of  Menclaus,  lier 

iffil  was  acquainted   with   this  husband.     She  was  bom  at  Sparta.     Scili' 

M  history  or  not,  it  b  sufiicient  cel  hac :  shall  she,  indeed,  in  safety  bchold.' 

1  poetical  tradition  on  his  side ;  &c.     These  are  all  animatcd  interrogatories 

9  is  supported  by  the  authority  of  and  show  the  mind  of  ^neas  hurrying  from 
I  Euripides.  A  moment>  attcn-  objcct  to  object,  and  agitated  with  a  tidc  o«' 
)  style  and  manner  of  ezpression  passions.  At  last  he  concludcs  it  must  not 
nea.  will  convince  any  one  tiiat  bc.     She  must  suflTcr  the  punishment  due  tc 

10  interpolation.     Unut:   m   the     her  crimcs. 

hu.  578.  Parto  triumpho:  having  obtained  a 

vmniem  limina  Vettet;    the   vcrb  triumph — a  triumph  being  obtained. 

lifies  to  look  ailer  any  thing  A'ith  580.  Comitata  turbd:  acconipanied  by  a 

d  aolicitude ;  with  a  jealous  eye,  train  of  Troian  matrons,  and  Plirygian  ser* 

ul  of  erery  danger.    Lvmfia :  in  vants,  shall  she  see.her  former  marriage  bcd. 

f  Umphm.  kc.     lUadum:  gen.  plu.  of  //ta#,  a  Trojan 

i^srt^ ;  ace.  of  TVfMiaru,  a  name  woman.     Cor^jugium:  vrittinum  eonjugemt 

lie  daughtiv  of  Jupiter  and  Leda;  says  Heyne.    Pairet:  tor  parentet. 

ecause  7)fndarut,  king  of  Sparta,  582.  Dardanium  :    an  adj.  the  sauie  at 

da,  her  Uiother.  7Vo'anMm. 

*rti  amjueit:   her  deserted,  or  58J.  J^omm:  glory — renown. 

hnalmncU  Menelaus.  5(i5.  Tamen  iaudabor :  ii»^«Tl\\c\«i«aA^i3^ 


SaO  P.  VIRGILII  MAKONIS 

Laudabor  pobnas  ;  animumque  expMsse  jimd»*! 
687.  Meomm  eufiwn,  Ultricis  flamma?,  et  cineres  sstiisse  meorur. 

Talia  jactabam,  et  furiat^  mente  ferebr/. 

689.  Cum  alma  pa-  ^^^  ^^^^        „^^„  ^^t^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^       ^^^^ 

reiiA,  non  vua  tam  clara  .^,  .   r*      *         •  *        •     i  r  i  -a 

iTieif  ocuUs  antd,  obtulit  Obfjlit,  et  pura  per  noctem  .»  luce  refulsit 

ae  videndam  mihi,  et  re-  Alma  parens,  confessa  Deam ;  qualisque  viderf 

fulBit  per  noctcm  C(£licolis  et  quanta  solet ;  dextiique  prebensini 

592.  Continuit  me  pre-  Continuit,  roseoque  haec  insupcr  addidit  ore : 

hensum  dexir&  j^^^         j^  indomitas  tantus  dolor  excitat  iraa  t 

690.  IVon  aifpiciei  pn-  >^  .j  /.*  •  n  ^  %  ^  •  ..!•  _i 
as,  ubi  Uqueria  parentem  Q"*^  *"."«  •  ^"^  qudnam  nostn  Ubi  cura  receni 
Anchisen,  fessum            Non  prius  aspicies,  ubi  fessum  aetate  parentem 

598.     Circum    quos,  Liqueris  Anchisen  ?  superet  conjuxne  Creiisa, 
omnes  Graiie  acios  er-  Ascaniusque  puer  ?  quos  omnes  mdique  Graki 

**!Rnn" 'r?,iL!l;«4  *  Circum  errant  acies:  et,  ni  mea  cura  resbtat. 

oOU.   iulennt  eo8,  et  ,        -  ^  t     •   .    •   •    •  .  •  •.         . 

inimicua  ensis  hauserit  ^^^  nammae  tulennt,  minucus  et  nausent  enaii 

eomm  ianguinem.  Non  tibi  Tyndaridis  facies  invisa  Lacaense, 

602.  Sed  inclcmentia  Culpatusve  Paris :  DivQm  inclementia,  Divihn, 

IWvflm,  Divum,  inquam,  Has  everUt  opes,  stemitque  a  culmine  Trojam. 

^''«M.  Namque  eripiam  ^P^^/  "*">^"«  omnem,  qu»  nunc  obducta  t 
omnomnubem,quenunc  Mortales  hebetat  visus  Ubi,  et  humida  circum 
obducta  hebetat  Caligat,  nubem  eripiam  :  tu  ne  qua  parentia 

NOTES 

be  praised  for  having  put  an  end  to  Uie  iVom  his  present  object,  and  to  i 

monster  of  wickedness,  and  takcn  vengeance  gard  to  hia  own — to   hia  aged 

of  one  80  justly  deserving  it   JVWoj,  very  for-  infant  son,  and  hia  beloved  wift 

cibly  oxpresscs  the  enormity  of  her  cnmei:  wise  might  have  faUen  victims 

ahe  was  wickcdness  itself.  of  the  Greeks. 

We  are  told  that  Hclen  wai  first  ravishcd  593.  Addidil  hae :  she  added 

by  Thescus.     Aflerward  she  marricd  Mcne-  595.  Tibi :  in  the  sense  of  h 

laus,  whom  she   lefl  for  Paris.     She  also  — rcgard.     ^uonam:  the  com) 

committed  incest  with  hor  son-in-law  Ory-  lense  of  the  simple  tpih. 

thus,  the  son  of  Paris  and  CEnonc.     It  is  597.  Supertt :  in  the  sense  ol 

also  said  that  she  had  an  amour  with  Achil-  600.  TWenn/ :  would  have 

les.     She    may   truly   be   caUed    (jitfa^)  a  off — consumed  tliem. 

monster  of  wiekednest,    Mereniit :   part.  of  601.  Laecena  Tyndaridia :  of 

Mereor^  agreeing  with  ejus  understood :  of  len.     See  56*9.  supra.     Invisa 

her  deserving  or  meriting  it.  or  odious  to  you. 

586.  JuxcSiit :  it  will  deUght  me  to  have  602.  Dix)<km  inelementia,    T\ 

aatisfied  my  desire  of  buming  or  ardcnt  re-  much  more  emphatic  than  ver 

venge.     Fkimma  may  herc  be  used  in  the  tia  Divum^  as  in  the  common  < 

icnso  of  Jtammea  vel  ardeniis,    Animum :  it  is  supported  by  the  authori 

in  the  sense  of  desiderium,    Animvu  may  manuscripts :   it  is  the  readir 

■ignify  any  affection  of  themind;  espccially  and  Valpy.     Homer  makes  Pri 

in  the  plural.     For  ultrieis  ftamma^  Rueus  Helen,  and  lay  the  blame  of  th 

says,  ardentis  ultionis.    Heyne  s^ys^ftammA  of  his  country  to  the  godi  then 

sive  ird  uUrice  (hoc  est^  ultione.  iii.  164. 

589.    Clara :   manifcst— clear :   attonded  603.  Uas  opes :  in  the  eenai 

with  evident  marks  of  Divinity.  tentiam.     Opes,  is,  properly,  pc 

591.  Confessa  Deam :  manifesting  the  god-  by  wcalth. 

dess.     ^ue^isque^  et  quanta  :  luch,  and  ai  604.  Qu4E  nune  obdueta :  whi( 

illustrious  as  she  used  to  be  seen,  &c.     Ve-  before  you,  looking  eameitly 

nus  was  the  most  proper  deity  to  interpose  mortal  sight,  ftc.     Thii  passmj 

in  behalf  of  Holen,  whom  she  had  long  pro-  pcars  to  have  had  in  view,  v/i 

tected,  and  had  conferred  on  Paris,  as  a  rc-  preparcs  Adam  for  beholding 

ward  for  his  adjudging  the  prize  of  beauty  sion   of   his   pbstcrity,  and  t 

to  hcr,  rather  than   to   Juno   or  Minerva.  which  he  is  going  to  set  befc 

Ses  i£n.  i.  27.     This  interposition  of  Venus  Paradisc  Lost,  lib.  xi.  vene  41 

wai  venr  loaionable  in  another  respcct ;  to  moist — impregnatcd  with  Tap< 

eheck  ihe  ardor  of  hia  aoul,  to  divert  him  crcase  the  darkni 


Uque  emoU  magno  tri- 
denti 


i£N£lS     LIB.  II.  S81 

neu  pnuceptiB  parere  rccusa  morUlee  ywua  tibl  tuen. 

iectas  moles,  avulsaque  saxis  ^  ^^^    ,,^        ... 

•  .  1^1  c  608.    H)c,    ubi    Yideii 

inixtoque  undantem  pulvere  fumum  ;  ^^j^  di.ii^u.,  ta^iaque 

uros,  magnoque  emota  Indenti  610  nyuUt  mxup,  fumiimque 

i  quatit,  totamque  a  sedibus  urbem  nndantem    mixto    pul- 

;  Juno  Sca;a8  saevissima  portas  vere,    Neptunus   quatit 

,  sociumque  furens  a  navibus  agmen  I!!!!!!!*Z][?(?^£^.'!* 

cta  vocat. 

s  arces  Tritonia,  rcspice,  Pallas  615 

bo  cflfulgens  et  Gorgone  saevi. 
Janais  animos  viresque  secundas 
le  L>eos  in  Dardana  suscitat  arma. 
,  fugam,  finemque  impone  labori. 
)ero,  et  tutum  patrio  te  limine  sbtam        620 
spissis  noctis  se  condidit  umbris. 
ira;  facies,  inimicaque  Trojs 

gna  Deflm.  .^       .    .  «14.  Omne  IHom  n. 

i  omne  mihi  visum  considere  m  ignes  sum  eil  mihi 

N0TE8. 

rewbmuM  quaiii :  here  Neptune  boar  :  thej  were   armed   with  ■harp  and 

du,  &c.     Neotune  took  an  ac-  crooked  clawi. 

nst  the  Trojans,  having  becoiiie  Mcdusa  having  been  raviabed  in  the  toro- 

on  account  of  the  periidv  of  ple*of  Minerva   by  Neptune,  the  ffoddeee 

See  Geor.  i.  502.     This  uble  gave  her  serpents  the  quality  of  transfonning 

bj  supponing  that  Laomcdon  men  into  stones  at  the  sight  of  tliem.     Per- 

B  rooney  which  had  been  des-  seus  cut  ofT  hor  head  bj  the  aid  of  Miner- 

service  of  that  god,  in  building  va's  buclder,  which,  being  so  finely  polished, 

Troy.     Emoia :  in  the  sense  of  that  it  reflccted  tlie  iniage  of  the  GorgonV 

head,   secured   him   from    tlie  fatal   influ- 

luno :  here  Juno,  most  fierce,  «nco  of  her  eye.    This  head  Minerva  af- 

Scean  gaU  in  front,  &c.     It  is  terward  wore  upon  her  shield  or  buckler,  to 

B  that  prifna,  here,  has  reference  '"ender  her  more  awful  and  tremendous.    See 

of  her  standing,  before,  or  in  I-exicon,  sub  .Slgide, 

gate.     It  may,  however,  mean  6^"-  ^«'«'"  V'^  •  ^«  f*t*»«'  himself  gives 

8  Ihe/r*/,  or  c W,  in  urging  on  courage    and   successful    strength    to    tho 

i  the  work  of  destruction.    We  Grecks.     Juno  and  Minerva  opposed  the 

rales  of  Trojr  were  six  in  nuni-  Trojans  from  selfisli  motives,  because  they 

l  of  Antenor ;  the  gate  of  Dar-  had  been  slighted  by  Paris ;  but  Jove  was 

lian ;  the  Catumbrian ;  the  Tro-  *"  enemy  to  them,  because  their  cause  was 

e  Scean.     Through  this  gate  "njust,  in  detaining  Hclen  against  the  laws 

horse  is  said  to  have  entored.  «^  nations,  ^hen  properly  demanded. 

«ount,  it  is  probable,  the  poet  ^^0-  >/lbero:  m  the  sense  of  relint/uam, 

at  this  gate,  cUd  in  armour,  and  ^?^.  Dtra/aeies :  horrid  images  appear 

her  Greeks.  ^^«  images  of  desolation,  dcath,  and  dospair. 

.  623.  Magna  numina  Deum.      The  Ro- 

if.     She  is  sometimes  called  mans  divided  the  gods  into  two  classes :  the 

ice  the  adj.  TrUonia.    See  171.  Dii  majorum,  and  the  Dii  Minorumgeniium. 

In  the  first  were  ranked  JupUer^  ^epiune* 

'gem  niwUfo:  resplendent  with  Minerva^  and  Juno,    The  tnree  last,  in  an 

r  nimbo^  in  this  place,  Servius  especial  manner,  are  represented  as  hostile 

a  lucid  circle,  resembting  a  dia-  to  Troy ;  and  Jove,  on  this  occasion,  is  op- 

le  hcad,  to  distiuguish  tlie  gods  posed  to  thcm  also.     The  magna  nMmtna 

u     Gorgone:  the  three  daugh-  Deum  may  simply  mean  the  great  gods;  «r 

iOB  and  Ceto,  Meduio^  Eurj^e^  rather,  the  great  powers  of  the  gods,  hostile 

ivere  called  Gorgonet^  Gorgons,  to  Troy.      The  overthrow  of  Troy  is  all 

sters.     The  name  is  of  Greek  along  represcnted  to  have  been  efiected,  noi 

nd  signifies  fiercencss.    It  is  said  so  much  by  the  power  of  the  Greeks,  as  by 

t  one  eye,  which  scrved  tliem  the  power  of  the  gods.    I  am  now  peniuadud 

They  had  grcat  wings:  tlicir  of  the  inutility  of  muking  any  furthcr  resial- 

attired  with  vipcrs  instcad  of  ance,  since  it  evidcntly  appAars    tliat  iha 

oeth  were  toaki  like  tliose  of  a  great  powers  of  the  goda  ix«  i^^auibV  ^* 


282  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

615.  Ac   ▼eluti  cum  Hiuni,  et  ex  imo  verli  Neptunia  Troja. 
agncole    certatim    in-  ^^  veluti  summis  antiquam  in  montibus  ornum 
^LTlnm^monZ  ^um  ferro  accisam  crebrisque  bipennibus  instaa 
buB,  acciMm  ferro  Eruere  agncols  certatim  ;  illa  usque  mmatur, 

^.  IUa  usque  mina-  Et  tremefacta  comam  concusso  vertice  nutat : 
tur  rutfiam,  ct  treme&o-  Vulneribus  donec  paulatim  evicta,  supremum 
u  quoad  oomun  Congemuit,  traxitque  jugis  avulsa  ruinam. 

Descendo,  ac,  duceiite  Deo,  flammam  inter  et  h 

636.  QttefnqueprimAm  Expedior :  dant  tela  locum,  flammaeque  recedun 
petebam,  abnegat  se  Ast  ubi  jam  patriee  perventum  ad  limina  sedit 
potse  producere  vitam,  Antiquasque  domos  :  genitor,  quem  toUere  in  a 
Tro}k  excisA  Optabam  primum  montes,  primumque  petebam, 

638.  Ait:  O  vos,  qui-  ^bnegat  excis^  vitam  producere  Trojft, 
bua  eti  sanffuii  mteger  ri   •!•  x»       ir       «         -i       •   . 

eyi ;    quibuMqfxe    viree  Exihuinque  pati.     Vos  6,  quibus  mteger  «vi 

■lant  lolide  euo  robore    Sanguis,  ait,  solidfleque  suo  stant  robore  vires ; 

642.  Ett  satls  supdr-  Vos  agitate  fugam. 
une  vidimufl  una  exci-  jvje  si  coBlicolaB  voluissent  ducere  vitam, 
^^f}  r\       -ir  ••  Has  mihi  servAssent  sedes :  satis  una  superqiie 

corpuB,  «ic,  sic  poeitum,  Vidmius  excidia,  et  capt«B  supcravimus  urbi. 
djecedite.  Sic,  6,  si'c  positum  afiati  discedite  corpus. 

NOTES. 

626.  Je  rf/u/i\  &c.  This  simile  is  taken  upon  hie  ehoulden.  The  Gre 
fh>m  Homer,  Iliad  xvi.  481,  who  applies  it  with  this  eminent  exarople  of  fi 
to  the  death  of  Sarpedon ;  but  the  copy  ex-  nei»  and  affection,  gave  him  a 
ceeds  the  ori^inal.  tion,  when  he  carried  ofi*  his  gi 

627.  Bipennibtu.  The  axe  is  here  used  this,  thoy  were  induced  to  grai 
for  the  Btrokc,  or  blow  of  the  axe,  by  me-  liberty  to  take  along  with  him  h: 
ton.     Jlrcisam  *  in  thescnse  o^  ctrcumcitam.  mily  and  all  his  effects. 

628.  Usqntt  •  in  Ihe  scnse  of  rftw.  638.  Integer  avi :  unimpaire^ 
6-29.  J^utat  comam.     It  i»  iisual  with  Vir      on  account  of  age.     Causa^  or 

gil  to  consider  a  trce  in  analoiry  ^o  a  huinan  of  the  like  import,  is  probably  t 

body,   and  to  call   tho  cxten(icd    liinbs,  or  stood,  to   govem  the  gen.     O 

branchcR,   hrarhia^    arniH ;   and    the  leaves,  blood  is  not  chilled  and  wasted 

eomamy  hair,  or  locks.     ThiH  diversifics  his  who  are  yet  in  the  full  yi^ot  o 

Btyle«  and  rcndcrs  it  plcasant.  ye  attempt  your  flight.     The  n 

G:M).  Vuinfribut .  in  tlie  sense  of  tetibut,  the  vot  is  emphaticai.     For  rw 

This  18  beautiiuUy  figurative.     Theallusion  BnjB  Jirmitate. 

to  the  human  body  is  still  kopt  up.  642.    Satit  tupirque:   it  is    c 

631.  Aruitajugu:  tom  from  the  sides  of  more,  that  I  have  seen  one  de 
the  mountains.  my  country,  and  survived  the  cf 

632.  Deo  ducente,  Deut  is  either  a  god  Thb  is  an  allusion  to  the  siege 
or  goddess.  Here  it  means  Venus.  Under  of  Troy  by  Hercules,  in  the  rc 
her  conduct,  ^neas  made  his  way  through  medon,  a  fact  mentioned  by  l 
the  dangers  thai  besot  him,  to  the  house  of  well  as  by  poets.  And  Virgil ; 
his  father.  chiscs,  that  ho  had  been  twice 

633.  Expedio-  Uabeo  liberum  Uer^  sayt  the  ruins  of  Troy.  ^n.  iii.  47< 
Heyne.  644.  Sic^  O,  tie  affaii :  O  ye, 

634.  mitt  ubi  perverUum.  The  imp.  verb  dressed  my  body,  thus,  thus  1 
perventitm  ett  is  used  for  the  personal  verb  part.  There  is  a  peculiar  cmp 
pervent.  This  mode  of  expression  is  very  repetition  of  tlie  word  tie.  A: 
common  among  the  poets.  Our  language  siders  himself  as  already  dead,  i 
will  not  admit  of  it,  and  we  are  under  the  laid  out  in  burial :  eorptu  pot 
necessity  of  rendering  such  impersonals  by  on  the  funeral  pile:  at  which 
tho  personals  of  the  correspondent  verb,  as  usual  for  the  friends  of  the  decc 
in  the  present  case  *  perventum  ett :  I  came,  a  solemn  farewell,  by  repeatii 
or  had  como.  vafe  three  tiincs.     The  repctiti< 

637.  Abrugat:  refuses  to  prolong  his  life.  shows   his  determined   purpos 

We  Icam  frori  Varro  that  the  Greeks  hav-  and  his  eamcst  dcsirc  of  bcinff 

iOff  given  permission  to  iEneas  to  carry  off  sue  his  resolulioii.     It  is  used 

what  was  dearest  to  him,  he  took  his  father  way  in  the  foiirth  book.  wliep 


.  k 


iENKiS.    LIB    O. 


sn 


manu  moitein  inTeniam :  miserebitur  hostis,       646 
iviasquis  petet :  facilis  jactura  sepulchri  est 
Jampridem  invisus  Divis  et  inutilis  annos 
Demoror,  cx  quo  me  Divilm  pater  atque  hominuro  rex 
fuloiinis  ahavit  ventis,  et  contigit  igni. 

Talia  perstabat  memorans,  fixusque  manebat.         650 
Ko6  contra  efiusi  ia  ^hrymis,  conjuxque  Creusa, 
Ascaniusque,  omnisque  domus,  ne  vertere  secum 
Cuncta  pater,  fatoque  urgenti  incumbere  vellet. 
Abnegat,  inceptoque  et  sedibus  haeret  in  isdem.  654 

Ruraus  in  arma  feror,  morternque  miserrimus  opto. 
Nam  quod  consilium,  aut  qus  jam  fortuna  dabatur  ? 
Mene  efTcrre  [>edem,  genitor,  te  posse  relicto         / 
Bperasti  ?  tantumque  nefas  patrio  excidit  ore  ?    , ' 
8i  nihil  ex  tanta  Superis  placet  urbe  relinqui  \ 
El  sedet  huc  animo,  periturseque  addere  Troj»  660 

*T*eque  tuosque  juvat :  patet  isti  janua  leto. 


647.  InatiilB  /loimnt- 

648.  £x  tempifre*  quo 
pater 


652.  Freeamufy  ca  pa  • 
ter  vollei  vertere  cuncta 
aeeum 


656.  Nam  quod  alvid 
consiliuiiif  aut  quc  ahm 
fortuna  jam 

657.  p  geniior,  ape- 
r&iiti-ne  me  posae  elTorre 
podem,  te  relictu 


NOTES. 


JHi  deatn,  la  jua{  going  to  plunge  the  dagger 
»ito  her  boaom.  Sho  breaka  forth  into  thia 
abnipt  ezclamation :    Sie^  tie  Juvai  ire  lub 


645.  Manu.    Serviua  undcMtanda  by  nui- 
.  the  hand  of  tho  eneiny ;  but  it  ia  easier 

to  onderatand  it  of  his  own  hand.  Ruoeua 
^kftnyropriamanu.  Hotlis:  theenemy  will 
"IwB  pity  on  ine.  Thia  atrongly  marlLa  the 
ttHfuisb  of  hia  aoul.  He  waa  ao  weary  of 
Kfr,  thai  he  would  conaider  it  a  favor  in  tlie 
\j  to  put  an  end  to  it. 

646.  Jattura :  the  loaa  of  burial  ia  eaay — 
dopriTatiun  of  burial  ritoa  ia  a  niattor  of 

»  c«Hicem  to  me. 

648.   Demoror  annoa:    I  linger  out  my 

Traho  vt/am,  aaya  Rueua. 
MB.   JlflavU  me:   blaated  me  with   the 
of  hia  thunder,  and  atruck  me  with  hia 
li|fhtiiiiig.   The  ancienta  supposed  the  winda 
^rara  the  efficient  cause  of  tliunder. 

It  m  aaid  that  thia  calamity  waa  inflicted 
nofi  Anchiaea  for  divulging  hia  ainour  with 
Twiin      Some  say   he   waa  struck    blind: 
vith  inore  proprioty,  say  that  he  waa 
in  hia  limba.    Memorant:   in  the 
of  dieent. 

051.  JVbff  ^uti :  on  the  other  hand,  we, 
bathff^  in  teara,  (beaeech^  my  father  that  he 
W9m]d  not  deatroy  all  with  himaeif^  and  presa 
■pM  the  caiamity  (faio)  already  weighing 
■0  d^wn — that  he  would  not,  by  the  a!fflict- 
ia|^  circumstance  of  hia  own  death,  increaae 
Iha  calamity  already  preaaing  ua  down  with 
ito  «vn  weight.  JW  vellei  aeeelerare  pemi* 
mam  inaianUm^  aaya  Hoyne. 

Dr.  Trapp  would  read  oeeumbere^  or  ra- 
tb«r  MUteumbere^  if  there  were  authority  for 
jl.  Aa  it  ia,  he  tliinks  it  a  metaphor  taken 
IhNii  the  falling  on  a  sword.  Mr  Davidson 
IgkM  it  to  be  a  mctaptior  drawn  irom  one'a 
or  lying  with  all  hia  weight  upon  a 


load,  which  preaaea  another  down,  ao  aa  t« 
add  to  the  preaaure,  and  to  render  it  more 
insupportable.  JEneaa  and  his  family  were 
already  grievously  oppressed  and  weighed 
down  by  the  public  calamity,  (J^aio  urgenii^ 
tho  fate  that  lay  ao  heavy  upon  them,)  and 
thcrcfore  pray  Anchises  not  to  increase  the 
burden,  by  the  additional  weight  of  his  per- 
sonal  sufferinga  and  death.  Rueua  inter- 
pruts  tncumbere  urgeniifaio^  by  :  addere  vim 
faio  premenii  not, 

654.  Sedibut :  in  the  aenae  of  loeo, 

655.  Miterrimut:  most  miserable— dia* 
tracted — in  despair. 

656.  J^am  quod^  &c.  The  mcaning  of  thia 
line  appeara  to  be :  for  what  other  course 
could  I  take,  what  elae  could  I  do,  than  arm 
myself,  and  seek  to  renew  the  conilict? 
Anchises  had  positively  refused  to  survive 
the  fall  of  his  country :  ^2neas  could  not 
leave  him  behind :  nothing  remaincd  for  him 
to  do,  but  to  sell  his  life  as  dcar  as  possible. 
For  dabatur^  Rueus  says  offertbatur. 

657.  Efferre  pedem :  to  depart.  Sperdtti' 
ne :  didst  thou  ezpect  tliat  1  could  depart. 
O  father,  without  thee  ? 

658.  JVtfat:  impiety. 

659.  Superit.  Superi  are  properly  the 
gods  above,  aa  diatinguished  from  those 
below. 

660.  Ei  hoe  tedei :  and  thia  be  fized  in  th^ 
mind,  and  it  pleaacs  thec  to  add  thyaelf.  &c 
Ruieua  undorstands  this  of  the  gods  juat 
mcntioned ;  but  Davidaon  and  othera  refei 
it  to  Ancliisea.  This  appeara  the  inore  cor- 
rect  and  natural ;  for  Anchises  is  lef\  per- 
fectly  free  to  act,  eitlier  to  stay  behind,  or  to 
depart,  and  to  form  his  plaus  deliberately 
Si  hoe  Jixum  eti  in  eorum  manie^  ei  drleclal 
eot,  Sic.  says  Rueus. 

661.  Janua  itii  leto :  the  door  to  thal 
death  is  open.     The  itti  rrfeif  to  what  An 


tS4  ^'  V[RG11JI  MARONIS 

Jamque  adent  multo  Priami  de  sanguiiie  Pyiiiin 

Natum  ante  ora  patns,  patrem  qui  obtruncat  ad . 

WJ4.  Krat-fK  ob  hoc     Hoc  erat,  alma  parens,  qu6d  me,  per  tela,  per  jg 

606.  Ut  rernam  ho»-  Eripis  ^  ut  mcdiis  hostem  in  pcnetralibus,  utqua 

leiii  in  medlis  penetni-  As<!aniumque,  patremquc  meum.  juxtique  CreiJa 

li^mmque'  ""*^'"         Alterum  in  alterius  mactatos  sanguine  ceniam  ? 

Arma,  viri,  ferte  arma  :  vocat  lux  ultiina  victoii. 

669.  Sinite  ui  revi»m  Reddite  mo  Danab,  sinite  instaurata  revisam 

Praslia  :  nunquam  omnes  hodie  moriemur  inultL 
Hic  ferro  accingor  rursus  :  clypeoque  sinistn 
Insertabam  aptans,  meque  extra  tecta  ferebam. 

673.  Conjux  Creiua  Ecce  autem  complexa  pedes  in  limine  conjux 
eomplexa  meat  pedes  in  Hcrebat,  parvumque  palri  tendebat  lulum. 

675.  lnomnia/»crurute  ^i  penturus  abis,  et  nos  rape  m  omma  tecum : 

Sin  aliquam  expertus  sumptis  spem  ponis  in  ano 

677.  Cui  parvus  lulus  Hanc  primum  tutare  domum.  Cui  parvus  liilui 
pflinquihir;  cui  tuus  pa-  Cui  pater,  et  conjux  quondam  tua  dicta,  relinqu 
t«r;  et  cut  f^o  relinquor,  rp^jj^  vociferans,  gemitu  teclum  omne  replebal: 
Mondam  dicta  tua  con- ^ >  ,.  j-\  -.  u*i  •-..-. 

j^>  Cum  subitum  dictuque  oritur  mirabile  monstruo 

Namque  manus  inter  mccstorumque  ora  parentD 

NOTES. 

ehlMa  had  said,  verse  645,  supra,  of  hLs  find-  mache,  in  the  aizth  book  of  the  D 

Ing  death  by  his  own  hand,  or  that  the  eno-  tho   circumstancea   are   nearly 

iny  would  take  pity  on  him,  and  kill  him.  Andromache  ezpostulatee  with 

^neas  here  tells  him  the  door  to  that  death  Creiisa  docs  with  iEneas,  and  in 

b  opcn,  and  casy  to  comc  at ;  for  he  imnie-  ncr  pleads  her  future  forlom  con 

diatcly  adds :    Jamque  Pyrrhm :    Pyrrhus  tliat  of  hor  child,  in  case  he  ahou 

will  80on  be  hcre  from  the  slaughter  of  Pri-  them:  and  to  add  force  to  hor 

am.    Scrvius  takcs  itti  for  istic^  but  without  sho  puts  Attyanax  into  hls  arms, 

puflliciont  rcason.     Iste^  properly,  is  that  of  hero  does  luttu  into  tho  arms  of 

your»,  /t/r,  tUit  of  mine.  ^j^-     r,, .  •     .i  ^  „«„„^  «r «..««. 

*?.".>  r\       I .           ,       L    u  4  u       *i  67d.  A/  ;  m  tne  sense  oi  ouooi 

6bJ.  ^uiohtruncat:  who  butchers  the  son,  .     .^     .„„„„  .^e  ^„„,  ,.„i  #,«7.^ 

r.        rwyx'-      II    .      .1.1  'it.       r»  1*.       .  m  tno  scnse  oi  cape»  vel  tra/ie, 

&c.     This  alludes  to  his  kiUing  Pohtes  m  '^  * 

the  prescnce  of  his  father,  and  afler  that         676.  Expertut:  having  experii 

alrdcious  deed,  killing  the  aged  monarch,  art  of  war — bcing  skilled  in  wi 

dragged  to  the  altars.  you  place  any,  &c. 

664.  Hoe  erat:  was  it  for  this,  dear  pa-  677.  TSttare:  in  the  scnse  of  < 
rent,  that,  &c.     Rufflussays:  Hne^ine  erat        g^g.  quondam:  once  called 

^^f:*^'.  •       .     .L  1.  .    .      This  is  a  very  tcnder  expostulat 

665.  Enpit :  m  the  sense  of  tervaruti. 

Penetralibut :  in  the  sense  ofdomo,  vel  tecto.  6f«).  Subitum  monttrum.    Thi 

See  484,  siipra.  ed  prodigy,  or  miracle,  is  exti 

667.  Mactatot:  butchered  the  one  in  the  timed.     Had  Anchises  finally 
blood  of  the  othcr.     Tliis  part.  refers  to  the  *»'»■  resolution,  it  inust  have  pul 
three  preccding  nouns.  the  poem,  by  involving  ^neas 

668.  Lux:  in  thescnseof  c/t>#.  familv  in  one  common  ruin.     H 

670.  Pradia  inttaurata  :  the  fight  renew-  «rged  by  ali  human  argumcnU  ii 
ed.  J^unquam  :  in  thc  scnse  of  non.  est  manner,  without  any  avail; 

672.  Intertaham :  I  put  my  left  hand  to  my  rcmained  for  the  poet,  but  to  ha 

•hioId.fitUng  it— I  fixed  my  shicld  upon  iny  to  the  interposition  of  the  gods 

left  arm.     thc  cii/peut  was  a  shield  of  an  bero  in  this  extremity.     This  wi 

oval  form,  not  uo  large  as  the  tnttum.     It  ^y  successful.     Anchis«s  is  con^ 

was  UBually  inade  of  the  pkins  of  bcasts,  and  au*y  to  yield  to  the  prosent  nc 

iiiterwoven  in  such  a  manner,  as  to  be  im-  to  save  his  life  by  fii)ghU     On 

ponetrable  to  tho  inissive  woapons  of  the  ■«••«^'  o^  appartt. 
enemy.     Thcy  carricd  it  upon  the  lcf\  arm.         GBL  Inier  manu»  craque:    1 

674.  Tendebatque  parcum^  &c.  Tlie  poct  hands  aitd  face  of  his  moumfi 
here  appears  to  have  had  in  his  viow  that  whilo  thcy  wero  ho«ding  him  ii 
MSboHing  Bcene  between  Hector  and  Andro-  bohold,  &g. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  II 


m 


brifi  Bummo  de  vertice  visus  liili 
m  liunen  apex,  tactuque  innoxia  molli 
Ite  flamma  comas,  ct  circum  tempora  pasci 
avidi  trepidare  metu,  crinemque  flagrantem 
ere,  et  sanctos  restinguere  fontibus  ignes. 
ter  Anchises  oculos  ad  sidera  iaitus 
it,  et  coErlo  palmas  cum  voce  tetendit : 
it  omnipotens,  precibus  si  flecteris  ullis, 
e  no8 :  hoc  tantum :  et,  si  pietate  meremur, 
inde  auidlium,  pater,  atque  hxc  oniina  firma. 
;  e&  &tus  erat  senior,  subitoque  fragore 
iit  levum,  et  de  coelo  lapsa  per  umbras 

(acem  ducens  mult^  cum  luce  cucurrit. 

summa  super  labentem  culmina  tecti, 
mu8  Idaea  claram  se  condere  sylvi, 
ntemque  vias :  tum  longo  limite  sulcus 
icem,  et  late  circiim  loca  sulfure  fumant. 


685 


682.  LeYiB  ap«z  vinif 
en  fundere  lumeii  de 
Bummo  vertice  liilii 
flammaque  innoxia  vi$a 
esi  lambere  ejut  comai 
molii  tactu 

685.  Nospavidl  mata 
capimut  trepidare 


690  ^^-  Petimut  tantiim 
hoc :  et,  si  meremur 
aliquid  pietate,  O  Pater« 
da 


695  6^^*  Cemimufl  iUain, 
labentem  super  aumma 
culmina   tecti,  condere 


NOTES. 


Levit  apex :  the  wavinjr  tufl,  or 
jSpex  proporly  signifies  tlie  top,  or 
loe  of  any  thing.  Hcnce  it  may 
the  top  or  one^s  hat,  cap,  or  bonnet, 
Sn.  yiii.  664.  Vertice:  in  the  sense 
\ie, 

Pundere:  in  the  sense  of  emiltere. 
a:  inoffeniive— not  hurting  him. 
This  ia  the  reading  of  Heyne  and 
Nm.  But  Rueufl  and  Valpy  read 
Molli :  gentle— easy.  Heyne  has 
agreeing  with  fiamma.  Moal  copies 
Mtfi. 

Lambere :  to  glide  along  hia  hair — 
toucli  it. 

Jfot  pavidi :  we,  trembling  for  fear, 
)  to  bufltle  about,  to  flhake  his  fia- 
lair,  and  to  extinguiflh  the  sacred  fire 
ratar.      Foniihtu:   in  the  flense    of 

SiJUeterit :  if  thou  art  moved. 

Firma    htee   omtna;    confinn    thifl 

The  Roroanfl  deemed  one  omen  not 
ot,  unleflfl  it  were  followed  or  con- 

by  a  flecond.  Hence  teeundut  and 
»  eame  to  signiiy  prosperoufl,  and  to 
r. 

intonuU:  the  left  thundered 
peal. 

I  the  Greekfl  and  Romans  conflidered 
omeofl,  that  were  preflented  in  the 
1  part  of  heaven,  to  be  prosperoufl  or 
But  the  former,  in  obflerving  the 
,  tamed  their  fiu^  to  the  northf  which 
tt  tbe  eaflt  on  their  right  hand.  The 
kfl,  on  the  contrary,  turoed  their  facofl 
MDth,  which  brought  the  east  on  their 
ind.     Thifl  waa    therefore   a  lucky 

It  fleconded,  or  confirmod  tlio  for- 
lal  is,  the  lambent  flame  on  the  head 
■.    8eo  Ed.  L  18.    Lmaum.  an  adj. 


of  the  neu.  gender,  uaed  aa  a  flub.  the 
with  Iteva  part  eeelu 

694.  Stella  lapta^  lcc  Serviufl  appliet 
the  fleveral  parta  of  thia  prodigy  aa  figura- 
tive  of  the  eventa  that  were  to  happen  to 
^neofl  ond  liis  foUowerfl.  The  etar  ia  flaid, 
eondere  te  Idaa  tyboa^  to  fall  or  hide  iteelf 
upon  mount  Ida,  to  indicate  that  the  Tro- 
janfl  were  to  reflort  to  that  mountain :  ctoii 
multa  luee^  with  much  light,  to  figure  their 
future  glory  and  dignity  :  tignatitem  rtot, 
the  sparklefl  of  firo  lefi  behind,  intimate  the 
dispersion  of  hifl  followcrs,  and  that  they 
flhould  fix  their  reaidence  in  vaxioufl  parts: 
longo  limiie  tuleut,  marks  iCnoafl*  man/ 
wanderingfl,  and  the  length  of  hia  voyaee  : 
lastly,  by  the  flmoke  and  sulphur,  he  under- 
staiids  the  death  of  Anchises.  The  stari 
do  not  move  from  their  stations ;  they  are 
fixed,  and  remain  in  the  same  part  of  the 
heavens.  Meteors  are  '•f  common  occur> 
rence,  and  are  fluppoaed  to  consist  of  eleo- 
tric  matter,  which  in  pasfling  from  one  part 
of  the  atmosphore  to  another,  becomea  vifli* 
ble.  In  the  language  of  the  vulgar  and 
ignorant,  auch  an  appearance  is  called  the 
shooting  of  a  star.  Virgil  conforms  to  thiii 
mode  of  expression.  He  calls  the  meteor  a 
star.     Faeem:  a  train. 

695.  Labentem.  Rusbus  takea  thifl  in  the 
flcnse  of  eadentem :  falling  behind  the  roof 
of  the  house.  But  it  may  be  takon  in  ita 
usual  acceptation,  gliding,  or  passing  over 
the  roof :  for  it  appears  that  the  meteor  waa 
near,  since  it  filled  the  air  about  them  with 
its  Bulphurous  smell. 

697.  Suleut :  a  trail — indented  track.  — 
The  metcor  drew  afler  it  a  trail  of  iight,  aa 
it  passed  through  the  heavons.  It  appearod 
to  mark  ita  way  or  path,  wiiich  it  leil  lumi» 
noufl  beliind  it« 


9M  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Ilic  verd  victus  genitor  se  toUit  ad  &uras, 
Afl&turquo  Deos,  et  sanctum  sidus  adorat : 
i-.^  Jam  jam  nulla  mora  est :  sequor,  et,  qu&  ducit» 

Di  patrii,  servate  domum,  servatc  nepotem. 
Vestrum  hoc  augurium,  vestroque  in  numine  Tn 
Cedo  equidem,  noc,  nate,  tibi  coroes  ire  recusc 
Dixerat  ille  :  et  jam  per  moenia  clarior  ignift 
Auditur,  propiusque  sestus  incendia  volvimt. 
Ergd  age,  chare  pater,  cervici  imponere  nostras : 
Ipse  subibo  humeris :  nec  me  labor  iste  gravaLit 
700    Qa^conque  tm  Qud  res  cunque  cadent,  unum  et  conmiune  peii 
emdeot,    periclum    erit  (Jna  salus  ambobus  erit :  mihi  parvus  lulus 
unuiD,  et  commune  tuy^  gj^  comes,  et  longc  servet  vestigia  conjux. 
ktt  ambobus,  mIus  ent  ^r        -        ,.  •*,.  •    •      j     ^-a^        .  ?_ 

una  ei  eademnobii  ^0%^  famuli,  quBB  dicam,  animis  advertite  veatnt 

712.  Tumulus  eet  iu  £st  urbe  egressis  tumulus,  templumque  vetustuii 
flgreMis  urbe  DesertfiB  Cereris  ;  juxtkque  antiqua  cupressus, 

716.  Ao«  omnu  venie-  Relligione  patrum  multos  scrvata  per  annos. 
mufl  ez  diveno  Hanc  ex  diverso  sedem  veniemus  in  unam. 

NOTES. 

699'.    Ad   aurat :    upright — or    towards  of  Creiiea  ie  a  fine  device  of  thi 

bMiyon.  gave  him  an  opportunity  of  fif 

705.  Patrii  Dii,     By  these  we  are  to  un-  cataKtrophe  of  Troy   from  tbe 
derstand    tho    guardian  gods  of  Anchises^  ^neas.     As  Boon  as  he  found  h 
family ;  those  tliat  his  ancostors  worshipped ;  missing,  he  ruRoIvcs  to  retum  n 
who  preaided  over  parcntal  and  filial  afiTec-  her.     He   carefully  retraces  hii 
tion.     Domum:  in  ihe  nenso  of  familiam,     .  visits   his   own   house,  which  « 

703.   Ho€   augurium   est :   this   omcn   is  flames,  and  searches  for  her  in  tli 

▼ours :  Troy  is  under  your  protcction.  This  qucnted  parts  of  the  city.     In  tb 

10  plainly  the  meaning  of  numine  in   this  his  scarch,  he  sees  the  spoils  o 

place.     Ruaeus  says,  potestate,  gcther  in  the  temple  of  Juno,  aj 

706.  Incendia  :  in  the  sense  of  Jlamma,  cian  guardsstandingaround.    Ui 
JEttu^:  heat.  her  in  aoy  of  these  places,  he  < 

707.  Jmponere:  2d  person  of  the  imp.  be  name,  and  roakes  the  streebi  rc 
thou  placed,  i.  e.  place  yourself  upon  my  Creiisa.      Hcr  ghost  met  him, 
neck:   I  will  bear  you  upon  my  shouldcrs.  mind,  unfolded  to  him  the  purp 
Subibo  humeris:  portabote  humens^8a.y8  Ru-  gods,  and  cncouraged  liim  to  loi 
euB.     Labor :  in  the  scnse  of  pondus,  prospcrous  times.     She  tells  hin 

710.  J\fihi  parvus  liilus.     Donatus  reads,  land    dcstincd    him  by  fate,   a 
mihi  solus  lulus :  let  liilus  only  be  a  com-  awaited  him. 
paniontomo.     Thls  avoids  the  too  frequent  712.  jJdvertite:  tum  with  yo 
repetition  of  varvus  IvUus,  and  at  the  same  thoso  things  which    I  ahall   aa} 
time  shows  Ihe  prudent  caution  of  ^neas,  equivalent  to,  advertiie  vestroe  m 
to  secnre  their  flight ;  since  tlie  fcwcr  wcnt  qufp  dicam, 

together,  thoy  wnuld  be  the  less  liable  to  be         ^^a    rk       »      n  rm.* 

j:  -.^..— 1^      D-  4U-         A'  «14.  Deserta   Cerens,      Tnis 

711.  Conjux  «rrrf.-  let  my  w.fe  obsetve    ^^.       j^^^^j  ^^  ^      daughtei 
my  .teps  at  a  d.»tanc6-!et  her  «tay  beh.nd,    ^    p«„j^^  ^^  ^„  ^^^^^^  J^^ 

yetaoaato  uave  rae  in  view,  that  she  may  _:.„i.-          ■  •  u    _„  .u  _ 

1.1       ■                  ™.             '     /.     ,..      ■  ■^  worsh.p,   which   wa»  thcn   nei 

not  lose  her  way.    The  raaaon  for  his  giv-  _.jp  ,    havinff   becn   alatn      Ri 

mg  thU  direction  was   porhaps  to  prevcnl  ^^^^^  j^  ^  ^^^    .      ^^  ^;^  ^^^ 

duHJOvery,  .i.d  to  d.ra.n.sh  the  danger  of  es-  ^^^^          ^^  ^^  ^e^  deserted. 

«^pe  by  bemg  dmded  mto  part.e^     Th.s  J       ^ 

reaaon  justincs  iGneaa.     It  was  proner  for    \ ,  cs      r  1       tn 

*w^  .^  *  .  4-       *u'  4  •       templum,     See  Ecl.  v.  79. 

tne  poet  to  mention  this   circumstance,  to         /^ 

ffive  probability  to  the  account  of  hcr  being  ''^'\  RelHgione :  by  the  rclig 

loat.     Sorvius  takcs  longi  in  thc   sense  of  ^o"  of  our  ancestow.     Servata 

taldi,     The  mcaning  then  will  be :  let  niy  antiqun  cupressus,    Juxta :  nea 

ivife  carefully  obscrve  my  steps.    The  usual  716    Ex  diverno :  the  same  m 

aeeeptation  of  lottgi  is  the  better.     Tho  loss  mis,     Sedem :  in  the  sense  of  [a 


iENEIS.    I.1B.  11.  8$7 

tor,  ca^)e  sacra  iTHinu,  patriosque  Penates. 

i  €  tanlo  digressuni  et  cesAe  recenti,  'tS.   NofM  eatt  nm 

re  nefas  ;  donec  mo  flumine  vivo  digie«»uin 

720 
atus,  latofl  humeros  subjectaque  colla 

r>cr,  fulvique  insternor  pelle  lconis,  722.  Fatnrt   hec,   io- 

que  oneri:  dextne  separvus  liiius  •temor  «uper  latof  hu- 

:,  3equiturque  patrem  non  passibus  aequis.  meroe,  tiibjocUqa)  collt 

>it  conjux.     Ferimur  per  opaca  locorum :     726     7^^^  j^^  nunc  Anrafli 
|uem  dudum  non  uUa  mjecta  movebant  aur»  terrent,  oinifiB  ■<>- 

que  adverso  glomerati  cx  agmine  Graii,  niit  excitat  me,  et  reddU 

ines  terrent  aune,  sonus  excitat  omnis  ^  iuspenBum,  et  pari* 

un,  et  pariter  comitique  onerique  timcntem.  J*''  ^5'"«"^'"  comitique^ 

le  propmquabam  portis,  omnemque  videbar  730  qyg^  dudum  non   ulla 
viam  ;  subitd  cum  creber  ad  aures  injocta  tela,  neque  Graii 

NOTES. 

tcru :  the  holy,  or  eacred  utensils ;  dies  in  water,  before  they  performed  acta  of 

ere  uMd  in  olTcring  sachticcs,  and  roligion,  cspecially  if  they  had  beon  poUu- 

cercmonies  of  religiouB'  worship  :  ted   with  bloodshed.     On  such   occasione 

of  tacer^  u^ed  as  a  sub.     Heyne  they  wcre  obligcd  to  use  puro  water,  hke 

'ra  here,  and  in  vcrse  293,  supra,  that  of  fountains  or  running  water.     Henca 

e  images  of  the  gods;  thus  ina-  Alneassays: />oneea6/ueromen>o^i4imne: 

e  same  with  Penates,     The  rcader  until  1  shall  have  washcd  mysoH*  in  pure  or 

^   for  himself.     His  words  are :  living   water.     Flumine:   in   the  sense  of 

^enatespossuntproeadem  rehaberi:  aqua,     Bello :  m  itie  Benne  of  pugfUL 

>eortmi  simulaeru^  etiam  de  Pena"  722.  Instemor  super :  I  am  covered  upon 

r.  my  broad  shoulders  and  bendcd  neck  witb  a 

r.     This  word  is  derived  probably  gamient,  &Cw — I  cover  myself,  &c    Thif  use 

u,  which  signifies  all  kinds  of  food  of  the  verb  answers  to  Uie  middle  voice  of 

ons  for  the  use  of  man.     Tho  Pe-  the  Greeks.     So  imponere:  be  thou  placed 

e  usually  worshipped  in  the  inte-  — placothyself;  verse  707,  supra.  Suifjecta: 

of  the  house.     Their  number  is  in  the  sense  of  tulmista, 

n,  nor  is  it  certain  what  gods  wero  723.  Suecedo  oneri,    Tho  meaning  is:  1 

iiinated.      Some    reckon  Jupiter,  take  my  father  upon  my  shoulders— I  place 

d   Minerva^  aniong  the   Penates;  mysolf  under  tho  load. 

evtune  and  AvoUo;  others  again,  725.  Opaca  locorum:  the  same  as  opacii 

d    TVrra:   ana  Amobius  rcckons  lora,     Or  the  word  spaiia  may  be  under- 

onsentes^  or  Compliees^  amoiig  thcir  stood,  connected  with  opaca^  and  govemiag 

Thore  were  three  orders  of  tlie  loeorum, 

ites,     Those   that   prcsidod    over  727.  Otomeraii  es  adverso:  collected  to« 

;  and  provinces,  were  called  solcly  gcther  in  hostile  array.     Here  wo  have  • 

Ihose   that   presidod   ovcr  cities  very  beautiful  image  of  our  herq  *s  pioue 

e  called  Dii  Pairii^  doinestic  gods,  and  filial  affection.     With  unshaken  forti- 

r  the  country :  those  that  presided  tude   he  faced  the  greatest  dangers,  when 

icular  houses  and  familios,  were  his  own  pcrson  only   was  exposed:   now 

rrt  Penatet,  every   appearance  of   daiigcr   strikes  hini 

lot  certain  under  what  shape  or  with  terror,  on  account  of  his  dear  charge. 

ty  were  worshipped.     Somo  sup-  Adverso:  in  the  sense  of  hostili. 

'as  under  the  figure   of  a  voung  729.  Stupentum:  in  the  sonse  ofsolicitum, 

ig  and  holding  a  spear.     It  is  saia  730.  f^idet>ar^  ilc.     Rueus  intorprets  tho 

Janus  introduced  them  from  Sa-  following  words  by,  exeessisse  ex  omnihu» 

:  into  Troy,  and  that  £ncas  took  viis ;  which   appears  entirely  inadmissiblo. 

I  him  into  Italy.    See  Geor.  ii.  505.  The  meaning  is  :   that  ho  secmed  to  hav« 

efat  me:  it  is  unlawful  for  me,  ha-  escaped  all  the  dangor  of  the  way ;  when,to 

le,  frc     In  like  manncr,  Homer  his  surprise,  a  frequent  sound  of  feet  fiid» 

Mtor  any  he  was  afVaid  of  perform-  denly  stmck  his  ears. 

oni  worahip  to  Jupiter,  while  his  731.  Fiam,    Thisisthecommonreadin^. 

BTO  poUuted  with  blood,  Iliad  vi.  Heyne,  at  tliesuggestionof  Markland,reattii 

ras  the  custom  of  the  Greeks  and  Wcfm,  in  the  sense  of  perieulum ;  whioh  li 

nMl  ■HMt  othor  nations,  to  wash  preferable,  if  we  hod  tulficleQl  auUiAtxVi  ^w 

ia.  and  aoinetimeo  their  whole  ho-  the  substitution. 


! 


188  P-  VlRGlLll  MARONIS 

Visus  adesse  pedum  sonitus :  genitorque  per  uml 

733.  Ho9tes    propin-  Prospiciens,  Nate,  exclamat,  fuge,  nate :  propiiM 
V^^  Ardentes  clypeos  atque  era  micantia  cemo. 

735.  H)c  maU  ami-      Hic  mihi  nescio  quod  trepido  male  numeo  ami 
iium  numen,  necio  quod  Confusam  eripuit  mentem.     Namque  avia  cursu 
mtnun^  oripuit  milu  ire-  j^^j^  sequor,  et  nolA  excedo  regione  vianim  : 
^Sss.  Conjux   CreuM  1^«"  '  '"isero  conjux  falone  erepta  Creusa 
■obstitit;   incertum  e</,  Substitit,  erravitne  vi&,  seu  lassa  resedit, 
erepta-ne   misero   fato,  Incertum  :  nec  pdst  oculis  est  reddita  nostris. 
•rravit-ne  vi&,  seu  ^ec  prius  amissam  respexi,  animumve  reflexi, 

741.  Nec  respexi,  re-  Qu^^  tumulum  antiqus  Cereris,  seuemque  aacr 
flezive  anunum,  eam  efte  r?  i«     i  n     ^*  •!. 

amissam  priu8qu&m  ve-  ^  enimus :  hic  demum,  collectis  omnibus,  una 

nimufl  ad  Defuit ;  et  comites,  natumque,  virumque  fefellit. 

743.  Uxar  una  defUt  Quem  non  incusavi  amens  hominumque  Deorun: 

Aut  quid  in  evers&  vidi  crudelius  urbe  ? 

Ascanium,  Anchisenque  patrem,  Teucrosque  Pc 
748.  Recondo  eoi,  in  Commendo  sociis,  et  curvft  valle  recondo. 

750.  3Mienteniia  re-  ^^^  ""■^'"  «^P^^^^  ^^  ^^"S^"'  fulgentibus  armig. 
Dovare  omnes  ^**'  casus  renovare  omnes,  omnemque  reverti 

755.  Ubique  etl  hor-  Per  Trojam,  et  rursus  caput  objectare  periclia. 

ror;  simal  ipea  silentia      Principio,  muros,  obscuraque  limina  ports, 

noetis  terrent    animos.  Quj^  gressum  extuleram,  repeto :  et  vestigia  reti 

Inde  refero  me  domum,  Qbservata  sequor  per  noctem,  et  lumine  lustro. 

ui  tnderevu  n  forte,   ai  -.-  ,  .    ^        X  .       i  •  -i     -^»     ^  . 

fort*  Creiua  tuliaset  pe-  Horror  ubique  animos,  simul  ipsa  silentia  terrec 

dem  hue.  Inde  domum,  si  fortd  pedem,  si  fort^  tulisset, 

NOTES. 

732.  Umbram:  in  the  Bense  of /me6ra«.       mind — reflected.      Heyno  reade 

734.  Cemo :  I  soo  their  glitterinjr  shielda    common  readinfr  b  qtte, 

•nd  gleaming  brasR.    ,^ra :  brazen  armour.        742.  TVemu/um.    The  hill,  or  en 

7^.  Male:   in  the  w.nw  of  non,     Mali  which   the   temple  of  Ceres  wm 

amitum:  in  the  sensc  of  inimieum  vel  tn-  See  714.  supra. 
futum,  745.  Quem  hominumque :  whc 

736.  Confusam  mentcm.     His  mind  was  men  and  frodn  did  I  not  blamei 
confuscd,  and  in  a  statc  of  pcrturhation,  for  distractcd  in  niind— deprivcd  of  e 
fear  Uiat  sonicthing  might  bcfall  him  in  his  of  a,  privativuni,  and  mens, 
rotrcat.     Ho  had  retained  his  presence  of        747.  Teueroi :  in  the  scnfie  of 
mind  so  far  a»  to  mako  good  his  escapo  in         750.  Stat.     Senttmtia,  or  somi 
the  best  possible  manner.     Now,  on  a  sud-  thc  liko  import,  i»  undorKtood :  n 
den,  he  Ioros   all  rocoUection  ;    he  forgets  is  fixed :  lamresolved,  Whilotlic 
himself ;  he  knows  not  what  he  does:  he  ia  doubt  and  uncertainty,  it  rcels 
deprived  of  that  prcHcncc  of  mind  which  ho  from  one  thuig  to  another,^iir/ui 
had  hitherto  rctained,  by  some  unfriendij/  but  when  it  is  detcrmined  and  ree 
deity.     In  consequence  of  this  hc  lefl  the  it  standsstill;  it  ia  at  resU     Ca* 
plain  road,  taking  tlic  by-paths:  nor  did  he  scnxe  of  ptriculcu     Reverti:  in  tJ 
recollect  to  look  back  to  soe  if  his  wife  was  redire, 

following  hini.  752.  Limina :  thrcehold — entr 

^via :  an  adj.  agrecing  with  loea  undcr-  753.    Extuleram  gresiwm :    wl 

■tood;  out  of  t)io  way:  from  the  ordinary  conie  out.     A  phrase. 

or  comnion  way.    Of  a,  privativum,  and  na.  754.  Lumine.    Lumen  propenA 

737.  .V«/a  re^ione  viarum :  simply,  frcm  lipht :  it  also  signifies  an  eye.     ] 
thc  known  or  bcaten  way.  sense,  Ruicus  takes  it,  and  intei] 

738.  Misrrofato.  Some  renderm»#fro,  with  oenlis.  It  is  pcrhapt  better  to  un 
mthi  undcrstood.  But  miter  signiBes  that  ot'  the  iight  occaaioned  by  Uie  co 
which  makes  misorablo,  as  well  as  simply,  of  Tr«y.  In  this  case,  aequor^  i» 
miserable.  In  ihiH  sense  it  may  bc  connect-  rcndered  :  I  follow  back  my  fbt 
cd  wiih  falo:  distrcst)ing  fate.  When  tliiis  Rer\-od  in  tho  darkness,  and  searc 
construed,  it  hath  a  peculiar  force.  Both  by  the  li^rht  of  tho  flames.  Darii 
RusfHiM  and  Hoyne  say,  mitero  mihi.  with  Ruirus. 

f     R^exi  anvnum:  tumed  back  my        756.  Siforti^  Mi  forti  '  ithjtk 


iENEIS.    LIB.  n. 

^  IJe  rcicro.     Imierant  Danoi,  et  tectum  omne  tenelwnt. 
^0ic6t  ignis  edax  suronia  ad  fastigia  vento 

▼olTitur  ;  exsuperant  flammae  ;  furit  apstus  ad  auras. 

Procedo  ad  Priami  sedes,  arcemque  reviso.  760 

Et  jam  porticibus  vacuis,  Junonis  asylo, 

Custodes  lecti  Phoenix  et  dirus  Ulysses 

Pnsdam  asservabant :  huc  undique  Troia  gaza 
!      Incensis  erepta  adytis,  menssque  Deorum, 

\      Citteresquo  auro  solidi,  captivaque  vestis  766     765.  SoUii  eg  tara 

L    Congeritur.     Pueri  et  pavidce  longo  ordine  matres 
(     Btant  circum. 

iAusus  cjuinetiam  voces  jactare  per  umbram 
Iinplevi  clamore  vias :  moestusque  Creusam 
Nequicquam  ingeminans,  iterumque  iterumque  vocavi.  . 

Querenii,  et  tectis  urbis  sind  fine  furenti,  771  Jy\  ^®***.  """^*- 

V  A  i.      .       ,  ^  i.       A     m  crum^tqueumbraCrei] 

InfeUx  simulacrum,  atque  ipsius  umbra  CreGsaB  ^  ip^^;^  et  imago  ma. 

Visa  mihi  ante  oculos,  et  not&  major  imago.  jor  nota  visa  ett  miiii 

Obstupui,  steteruntque  comse,  et  vox  faucibus  haesit  ante    oculoi,   qunreuri 

Tm  sic  affari,  et  curas  his  demere  dictb  :  775  *^®'  furenti 

Quid  tantiim  insano  juvat  indulgere  dolori,  . 'J£:  .^^*"  '^^  ^^ 

Gulcis  conjux  ?  non  hsec  sme  numme  Divtim  77q,  ^qq  fi^i  «^/^  i^ui 

Eveniunt :  nec  te  comitem  asportare  Creusam  ille      reg;nator     superi 

NOTES. 

^teeo,  fhe  hma  retumed  thitber.     TkUistet  friendf  in  their  ezpedition.     It  showi  the 

P^^m:  had  retumed,  or  gone  thither.    The  judgment  of  the  poet. 

tpetition  ofthe  ti/orli,  is  emphatical.  773.  Imago  megor  notd:  her  image  largef 

7|0.  Proeedo,     Crousa  was  the  daughter  than  life — than  when  alive.     Spcctree  and 

*f  Priam,  b/  Hecuba;  which,  perhaps,  ii  apparitions  are   usually  represented  of  • 

^  reaaon  of  hia  going  to  his  palace  in  large  size;  fear  having  a  tendency  to  en- 

'■areh  of  her.  Iftrge  objecte  that  are  presented  to  the  ima- 

^  761.  ./ffjfto :  in  the  ■ense  of  templo.    PoT'  gination.     The  darkness  of  the  night  has  a 

^tihu :  in  the  passagee  or  aisles.  tendency  to  enlarge  tho  appearance  of  ob« 

763.  OaMO,    Thifl  word  signifiee  all  kinds  jects  seen  obscurely  and  iniperfectly. 
^  rich  fumiture — wealth — property.     It  is  This  episode  of  Creusa^B  death  is  intio- 
^   Periian  origin.     Erepte^  ift  connected  duced,  not  merely  for  the  importance  of  the 
^ith  it.  event,  but  because  it  answered  sevcral  im- 

764.  Memm  Deorwn.  Theee  were  the  portant  purposes  of  tho  poet.  It  gave  him 
^Hpods  of  the  gods,  which  served  for  deli-  an  opportunity  of  more  fuUy  illustrating  the 
^i^rinc  the  oracles,  or  for  bearing  the  lacred  piety  of  iEneas,  by  ehoMring  him  once  more 
^9mm.     AdyttM:  in  the  sente  of  templis,  ezposed  to  all  the  dangcra  ot    the  war  in 

76J.  Undiqw.  This  word  may  imply,  that  search  of  his  wifo;  and,  in  consequenco  of 

^W  tfaiLgs  here  mentioned   were  collcctcd  that,  leads  us  back  with  his  hero  to  visit 

^Knb  all  parts  of  the  town,  and  thrown  in  Troy  smoking  in  its  ruins,  and  makes  us 

tKli  place  (hue^)  or  that  they  were  piled  up  acquainted   with  several  affecting  circum- 

heroali  aruund— in  every  partof  the  building.  etances,  without  which  the  narration  would 

770.  In^emifuint :  repeating  her  name  in  not  have  been complete.    And  then  tt  makes 

>uii— lA  vain,  because  she  did  not  answer  way  for  the  appearance  of  her  ghost,  that 

km.     Mcutus^  agrees  with  ego,  understood.  affords  comfort  to  iEneas  in  his  distress,  by 

Mirenlt  .*  for  eurrentu  predicting  his  future  felicity ;  and  rclieves 

772.    Infelix  simulaerum :   the  onhappy  the  mind  of  the  reader  from  the  horrors  o1 

taparition — unhappy,  not  on  her  own  ac-  war  and  desolation,  by  4uniing  him  to  the 
wantt  f6r  she  was  blessed  and  at  rest;  but^  prospectof  that  peace  and  tranquillity  which 

Wbwim  she  was  the  source  of  sorrow  and  ^neas  was  to  enjov  in  Italy ;  and  of  that 

Whappinoss  to  her  husband.     Umbra,   The  undistarbed  rest,  and  happy  liberty.,  of  which 

iBlroanction  of  Crcusa^s  ghost  is  extremely  herself  was  now  possessed    in  tiie  othei 

«WI  timed.     No  otlier  ezpcdient  could  be  world. 

ftind  to  stop  tho  furthor  scarch  of  iCneas  776.    Imano    dohri :    immoderate  grieC 

§bfr  llli  «rifiBi,  asd  pcrmit  him  to  retum  1o  his  ^Tumine:  in  the  sense  of  vohrUai§. 


9^  P    VlKGILll  MARONIS 

Olyinpi  luiit  to  aspor-  Fas,  aui  ille  nnh  superi  regnator  Olynipi. 

ure  kifu  Creiwwn,  co-  Longa  tibi  cxilia,  et  vastuin  niaris  aequor  arandii 

""*i^n  'i*i«^  «•;!:.  d-.  Ad  terram  Hesperiam  venies,  ulft  Lydius  arva 

780.  LoDga  exUia  /ti-  -^  .•'      i     •  a  •*.  rnu- 

iura  suni  Inter  opima  virum  l«ni  nuit  agmine  Tybris. 

IJlic  res  la;tae,  regnunique,  et  regia  conjux 
784.  Parta  tuni  tibi     Parta  tibi :  lachrymus  dilectae  pelle  Creflsce. 

Non  ego  Myrmidonum  sedes  Dolopumve  superbi 
Aspiciam,  aut  Graiis  servitum  matribua  ibo, 
IST.EgoquasumDni-  Dardaiiis,  et  Divai  Veneris  nurus. 
danis,  et  g^j  ^^^  magna  DeQin  genitrix  his  detinet  ori« 

790.  Doseruit  me  la-  Jainque  vale,  et  nati  serva  cominunis  amorem. 

riS^dicerT"'  ^^   ^*"'^"'  *^*^  "^*  ^^^^^  ^®^*^'  lachrymantem  et  multa  voli 

Dicere  deseruit,  tenuesque  recessit  in  auraa. 
793.  Ibi  conatus  tum  Xer  conatus  ibi  collo  dare  brachia  circiiin : 
tar  eircumdto  1^^^.  f|.ugjpj^  comprensa  manus  efiugit  imago, 

Par  levibus  ventis,  volucrique  simillima  somno. 
Sic  demum  socios,  consumptA  nocte,  reviao. 
Atque  hic  ingentem  comitum  affluxisse  novonin 
Invenio  admirans  numerum ;  matresque,  virosqi 
GolJectam  exilio  pubem,  miserabile  vulgus. 

NOTES. 

779.  Superi  Olymfi :  of  high  heaven.  784.  DileeiiB  CreHtm :  for,  or  i 

780.  Exilia :  in  tho  sense  of  iiinera,    It  of  your  beloved  Cretisa. 
impUes  that  Mnehn  should   be  for  a  long        786.  Serviium :  to  aerTe  iii  tha 
time  dcstitute  of  any  country,  or  fixed  habi-  a  servant.    Tne  lup.  in  «m,  of  tJ 
tatiou.    AHquor:  properly  any  level  surface,  vio^  put  afler  t^. 

whether  land  or  water.     It  ia  oflen  used  in        787.  Dardanit.    Creiiaa  was 

tlie  fientic  of  tnare.     ^randum :  in  the  sense  ter  of  Priam,  and  consequentlj 

of  narigandum.  in  a  direct  line  from  Dardanus^  1 

781.  .^d:  Hcyne  reads  ei,     Some  copiea  of  the   Trojan   race:    at  leaat 
have  ni :  tJiat  you  may  arrive  or  come,  &c.  founders  of  it.     See  JEjk.  i.  1.     « 
In  this  case  there  must  not  be  a  fuU  point  daughter-in-law.     jEneas   was 
af\er  arandum.     The  usual  reading  is  ad.  Vunus  and  Anchises,  which  m 

782.  Lffdius  Ti/bris :  the  Tuscan  Tyber  the  daughter-in-law  to  Fenu», 
flowB,  with  its  gentle  stream,  between  lands         788.     Oenitrix:  Cybele.     Sb 
rich  in  lieroofl.  have  been  the  niother  of  all  the 

The  Tybcr  is  hero  callod  Lydiaii^  or  Tus-  789.  Serva:  retain,  or  keep. 

ean.     It  scparated  Tuscany  from  Laiium,  caniua,  who  was  the  son  of  • 

The  former  having  been  settled  by  a  colony  yEneas. 

of  Lydians  under   Tyrrhemu^  the   son  of  792.  Cireumdare.     The  parts 

Atys^  king  of  Lydia,  in  Asia  Minor.     He  are  separatod,  for  the  sake  of  tl 

callcd  the  inhabitants  Tyrriimu,  aflcr  his  own  Tmesis. 

name.     Agmine:  in  the  sense  of  ruriu  vel  793.  Comprensa:   a  part.  ag 

fiumine.     Pirum.     f^ir,  proporly  signifies  a  imago,    Jtf antw :  acc. plu.     Her 

man,  as  opposcd  to  a  woman — a  hcro.    Also,  od  in  vain  three  times,  escaped  ' 

ihe  male  of  any  kind  or  specics  of  animals.  794.  Par;  in  the  aense  of  sin 

Arva :  proporly  cultivated  laiids,  from  tlie  no :  a  drcam. 

verb  aro.  796.  HW  admirans  tnrento,  Su 

783.  Res  lata :  prosperity.     Tho  same  as  by  this  circumstanco,  signifies 
res  seeundoi.     iEneas,    afier  his   arrival   in  ^neas  was  beloved  by  the  Troj 
Italy,  and  thc  dcatj^of  Tumus,  married  La-  wcight  and  importnnce  of  his  cJ 
ttnin,  tho   daughtcr  of  Latinus^    king  of  appcars  that  this  multitude,  by 
Laiium^  and  succceded  him  in  his  kingdom.  ^neas,  and  putting  themselvf 

iCneas,  in  rclating  this  prophecy  to  Dido,  protection,  chose  him  their  kin| 

piainly  informs  hcr  that  he  was  destinod  by  pellation  is  given  him  throughoi 

V^it  for  Lavinia  ;  and,  by  so  doing,  pleads  Affluxisse:  in  the  sense  of  advi 

lr«9  viecessity  of  his  leavin^  Carthage.    Dido,  797.  Miseralnle  vulgui :  a  pi 

■■h^mfore,  betrays  herself  by  an  indiscreet  tude.     They  assembled,  from 

•a^iin,  and  is  not  betrayed  by  any  perfidy  propared  in  mind  and  fbrtune  1 

fJii.  fOAS.    See  lib.  iv.  pasaim.  to  whataoever  coiintries  1  miglil 


JRSEIS.     LIB.  II.  fi41 

Tonvenere^  animis  opibusqne  parati,  799.    lUi  cooTMiAr' 

inque  velim  {lelairo  deducere  tcrraa.  8(X»  ""«^Wtt»»  parati   aniiiiui 

s  injnsi  «niPmi'  surgebat  Lucifer  Id»,  opibuwjue  tequi  me 

iie  diem :  Danaique  obsessa  tenebant 
irtarum  :  nec  spes  opis  ulla  dabatur  • 
!$ublato  montem  genitore  petivi. 

NOTES. 

Lhe  tem.    Pubem :  In  the  lenBe  of  city  boing  completelj  in  the  poeeeMion  of 

the  Greeks. 
ru  tumnuB  Ida.    Mount  Ida  lay        804.  Cesti:    I  jrielded  *o  my  fate.     Dr. 

it  of   Troj,  and,  consequently,  Trapp  renders  it,  I  retired;  but  it  ii  mtich 

mut^  or  the  Morning  Star,  as  it  ii  better  to  understand  it  a»  an  ezproeaion  of 

n  goinz  before  the  sun,  appeared  the  piety  and  reaignation  of  /FlDeaH,  espe* 

Trcy  Ui  riife  from  the  top  (juf^)  ciftlly  if  we  conaider  what  immediateiy  pre- 

intain.    Hummtt :  in  the  sense  of  cedos :  nte  spes  opu  uUa  dabatur,     Qenitort 

sublalo.  Thifl  instance  of  filial  piety  is  highly 

j.  Rueus  interprete  thit  by  auX'  plcaaing.       A   modem   comniandcr   would 

t   may  raean  wealth — property :  nevcr  have  submitted  to  tlie  task  of  bearing 

i  expreeifion  wo  may  understand,  tuch  a  load  ;  but  would  have  aMigned  it  to 

was  now  no  hope  of  obtaining  a  servant,  or  imposed  it  upon  a  soldier. 

of  their  woalth  or  property,  tlie  Rueus  says^/ereiu  pairem. 

QUESTIONS. 

the  ■ubject  of  thu  book  ?  What  office  did  Sinon  perform  upon  thit 

its  character,  when  compared  occasion? 

§t  ?  Did  the  Grecian  troope  retum  from  To- 

g  did  the  eiege  of  Troy  continue  ?  nedot,  and  join  their  fhends  ? 

§  it  taken  at  the  last?  How  were  they  received  into  the  city  ? 

n  wae  thia  hone  detigned  tm  m  In  what  atate  were  the  Trojana  at  thia 

time? 

I  for  what  ?  Were  they  aware  of  any  auch  treacherj  ? 

ls  the  Palladium  ?  Finding  the  city  in  the  handa  of  the  enemy« 

I  was  it  taken  from  the  temple  of  what  course  did  ^neas  punue  ? 

What  were  lome  of  his  actions? 

lilding  the  horae,  what  did  the  Where  were  hii  lant  efforts  made  to  ayengt 

*  hit  country  ? 

waa  Tenedoe  from  Troaa  ?  What  became  of  Priam  ? 

preiend  that  they  were  aboot  to  What  were  the  last  actions  of  the  agtd 

e,  and  relinquish  the  siege  ?  monarch  ? 

obtain  belief  among  the  Trojans  ?  What  particularly  roused  his  indignatioo 

m  the  real  object  of  the  Greeks  against  Pyrrhus  ? 

this  horae?  By  whom  was  Priam  slain? 

ed  a  very  distinguished  part  in  What  was  the  manner  of  rt  ? 

is?  What  were  the  circumstances  of  it? 

the  charactar  of  Sinon  ?  Where  was  iEneas  during  these  transao- 

KMed  the  admission  of  this  horse  tions  ? 

walls  ?  What  did  he  do,  tSier  he  beheld  the  death 

xligy  happened  just  at  this  time,  of  Priam  ? 

came  all  doubts  in  the  minds  of  Under  whose  conduct  did  he  pass  in  safety 

I  ?  through  his  enemies  ? 

I  Laocoon  ?  Did  iEneas  receive  direction  to  leave  tho 

office  had  he  been  appointed  by  city,  and  to  seek  his  safety  in  flight  ? 

How  did  he  receive  it?  From  whom? 

m  the  design  of  ofiviing  sacrifice  What  was  the  determinltion  of  his  father 

atthistime?*  Anchises? 

I  this  horse  eontam  f  What  efTect  had  his  refusal  upon  the  mind 

it  enter  into  the  dty  ?  of  iEneas  ? 

ae  K  placed  ?  What  did  his  wife  Creiisa  do  upon  thia 

ly  names  has  the  poet  inTonted  occasion  f 

ofdestruetion?  How  was  tlie  determination  of  Anrhiseai 

tho  iseanlt  made  opon  the  not  to  survive  the  captoro  of  tho  ^i^ 

ehangod' 

17 


t4;S  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Wbat  wore  the  prodigies  that  efTected  that  What  effeet  had  ber  loes  apoi 

oliniige  ^  fint  ? 

To  what  place  did  he  retire  ?  How  wm  hie  mind  quieled  ? 

Kow  did  he  convej  hii  father  ?  What  directiona  did  hor  «pp 

How  his  Bon  Ascaniua  ?  him? 

Wbat    direction    did    ho   give  hb  wife  Afler  hu  retum  to  the  pl«4N 

OeuMi'  youii,  did  he  find  great  numbM 

Did  he  arrive  in  safety  to  the  place  ap-  lectcdf 

pointed  f  Did  thej  conaider  him  their 

What  became  of  bis  wife  f  king  ? 

What  did  lie  do  in  conaequence  of  Ikor  Were  they  prepared  and  wiUiR 

.'  take  any  enterpriee,  he  might  tbi 


lilBER  TERTIVS. 


JCmiAt,  having  finijihed  the  aack  of  Troy,  proceeda  to  relate  to  Dido  tbe  pttiH 
▼oyage.  Having  built  a  fleet  of  twenty  shipt  near  Antandroa,  he  aet  mil  a 
probably,  of  the  year  foUowing  the  capture  of  Troy.  He  landed  on  t! 
Tbrace,  and  there  commenccd  the  building  of  a  city,  whicn  He  called,  i 
name,  JEnos^  and  tho  inhabitants,  ^neatUB.  He  waa,  however,  soon  inten 
proeecution  of  his  work,  by  the  shade  of  Polydorus,  the  aon  of  Priam.  I 
barbarously  pnt  to  death  bv  Polymneetor,  king  of  Thrace,  his  broCber-in-hn 
in  this  place.  It  directed  him  to  leave  the  poUuted  land,  and  to  aeek  mnoli 
liif  intcnded  city. 

Having  performed  the  funeral  rites  to  Polydorus,  he  set  eail,  direotinr  hU 
south ;  and  soon  arrived  on  the  coast  of  Delos,  one  of  the  Cvcladee.     ] 
hoepitably  received  by  Anius,  king  of  the  island,  and  prieet  of  ApoUo.     H 
ed  by  the  oracle  to  seek  the  land  of  his  ancestors;  there  he  sbould  found 
should  bear  rule  over  all  nations.    This  information  was  joyfully  received. 
they  concluded  that  Crete,  the  birth-place  of  Teucer,  was  the  land  to  whi 
directed  them. 

Leaving  Delos,  in  a  sbort  time  thcy  arrive  on  tlie  shores  of  Crete.  The] 
joy  as  the  termination  of  tbeir  wanderings.  Here  ^neas  lays  the  founda 
which  hc  called  Prrgama^  and  was  preparing  to  enter  upon  the  businces  c 
when  a  siidden  plague  arose,  which  put  an  end  to  his  prospects,  and  car 

*  of  his  companions.  In  this  juncture,  it  was  agroed  that  he  should  go  bac 
obtain  further  instructions.  In  the  mean  tinie,  in  a  vision,  he  was  mforn 
was  not  the  land  destincd  to  him,  and  that  thc  oracle  of  Apollo  intended  I 
Italy,  the  land  of  Dardanus.  This  quietcd  his  mind  ;  and  Anchises  ackn 
both  Teuccr  and  Dardanus  were  the  founders  of  thcir  race,  and  that  he 
taken  in  rcckoning  tlieir  descent  in  the  line  of  Teucer. 

£neas,  without  delay,  leaves  Crcte ;  and  in  a  fcw  days  arrived  on  the  coai 
pnades,  m  the  lonian  sea,  on  the  west  of  tho  Peloponnesus.  Hero  he  li 
floet,  and  found  thesc  islands  in  the  possession  of  the  Harpies.  Celaano. 
informed  him,  that,  before  he  should  found  a  city,  they  should  be  reduced  t 
of  o^nsuming  their  tables.  This  was  ihe  first  intimation  wbicb  he  had  rsi 
and  suffering,  in  the  land  dostinud  to  him.    It  suiik  doep  into  his  mind. 

Leaving  these  islands,  he  directed  his  oourse  westivard,  and  soon  arrived  c 
Epirus.     Ho  landed  at  Activan^  ana  celebraied  the  Trojan  games. 

Prom  Actium,  he  proceeded  to  that  part  of  Epirus  calleid  Chaonia.  On  li 
harbor,  he  heard  that  Helonus,  the  son  of  Pnam,  sat  upon  the  throne  oJ 
that  Andromacbe  had  become  bis  wiie.  Dosirous  of  hearing  the  truth 
ho  procceds  direct  to  Buthrotxu^  the  seat  of  govemment.  Here,  to  his 
hnds  his  fhends,  and  remained  witli  thcm  for  somo  time.  Helenoa,  at  L 
loads  thein  with  presents.  Andromache  gives  to  Ascanius  alone,  who 
picture  of  hcr  son  Artyanax. 

From  Epirus,  /F^ncas  passes  over  the  lonian  sea,  and  arrives  at  the  promon 
Thencc  ho  sails  down  the  ooast  ofMafrnn  Grfrria^  and  the  eastcrn  shore  * 
promontory  Parhynum;  thence  along  the  soutbem  shore  to  the  |K>rt 
where  liu  lost  his  fathor  Anchisee :  which  concludes  the  book. 


^NEIS.    LIB.  m.  243 

ni^  book  contains  the  annab)  of  scven  Toari),  and  \s  rpplcte  with  gcographical  and  his- 
toriral  information.  Nor  is  it  wantiiifi^  in  finc  Fpccimens  of  poctry,  and  in  intercfiting 
iiicidentfl.  Tho  joy  of  ^neas  at  finding  Hclcnus  and  Andromache  on  the  throne  of 
Bplrufl — their  happy  mecting — their  tcnder  and  affcctionato  parting — the  dcscription  pf 
Scylla  and  Charybdis,  and  the  episodc  of  thc  CyclopR,  are  all  worthy  of  the  poet. 

B  thiB  book,  Virgil  in  a  particular  manner  followa  the  Odyssey  of  Homer. 

POSTQUAM  res  Asie  Priamique  evertere  gentem  1*   Pcstquam    viBura 

mmentam  visum  Superis,  ceciditque  superbum  ^  Superis  evertere  rei 

iium,  et  omnis  humo  fumat  Neptunia  Troja  :  * 

Diversa  exilia,  et  desertas  quKrere  tcrras, 
Aiiguriis  agimur  DivQm  :  classenique  sub  ipsa  6 

Antandro,  et  Phrygis  molimur  montibus  Idse: 

Incerti  qud  &ta  ferant,  ubi  sistere  detur ;  7  Fersnt  no%  ubl  de- 

iJontrahimt^ue  viros.     Vix  prima  inceperat  lestas,  ^  *••*■  "^tore  fedem 

Rt  pater  Anchiaes  dare  fatis  vela  jubebat. 

NOTES. 

I.  HetAtia:  the  power  of  Aaia.  tor — by  the  lambent  flvne  on  the  head  of 

%  ImmtritQM :  andeserving  lUch  a  cala-  ABcaniu»— «nd  by  the  iatenriow  wbich  he 

■i^.     The  niin  of  their  country  wae  owing  had  with  the  ghost  of  CreuHu     Omimbim 

lo  tlie  crimee  of  Parit  and  Laomedon.    See  Deorum^  sayi  Rueui. 

Omt.  i.  502,  and  iEn.  i.    Fuum  Superit :  it  g.  jinlandro.     Antandroi  waa  a  city  of 

pfoMed,  or  leemed  good  to  the  grod».    This  the  lener  Phrygia,  at  the  foot  of  mount  Ida, 

WM  a  common  mode  of  ezpreision,  when  ^j^^  ^  convenient  place  to  build  and  equip  a 

•rente  were  not  pronperous.    The  verb  «/  fleet.   ^o/imur;  in  the  senieof/a^furamta 

«tobemipphedwithmum.  ^    j^^^^.  ^     ^^            ^e  lomewhat 

a.  Jf^tiwua.    Troy  u  here  called  AV^  ^rpriied  to  h^  iEneaa  ex^re»  any  doubt 

'■T^  ■^•'  n^*^  "fu'  ""'^  ^^r''!  *"' '   "  a.  to  hi.  coune  and  intended  lettlement 

■^  bmlt  lU  walli  in  the  reipi  of  LMme-  ^^  ^  ^   ^^^  dirtinctly  informed  by  the 

don.     Homer  and  Virpl  a«:ribe  the  build-  .^  ^^  ^^  ^.^    ^^^  \^y    ^.„  ^he  place 

faf  Qf  Uie  widl- to  Neptune  alone.     Ru«ui  Seatined  for  himiL  thecounieliof  the  ^: 

laKe.  /hiim  to  mean  the  citade    of  Troy,  ^^  ^^,^  ^^^  iheTerore  have  given  Aill  cre- 

ud  di.tuipi.hee  itfiom  the  whoie  town,  ^^^^  ^  ^^  ^^^^^.  ^^  ^^  ^         „  ^ 

which  1.  here  expr«ii«d  by,  omnu  TVaya.  ^1^^^,^^,  ^f  ^he  undertaking  mi|ht  have 

J^ier  um» //101,  and  Ovid, //ton.     Fumai,  fiUed  hi.  mind  with  anxiou.  iSid  dUrtrurtful 

r^  P«;««nt  b«"  "  m"<^h  more  exprewive  ^     rehen.ion. :  or  perhap.  it  i«  a  paiiMge, 

Ihu  the   pMt   tenM    would   have    been:  which  the  author  would  have  corrictedTif 

Moke.  to  the  ground.  y^^^^  ,j  ^^  ^  ^^^  ^^^  ^^^^ 

4.  Dtverwa:  m  the  mum  of  rfmo/a,  or  ^                        «    ,.         . .  i.     -«.  ^ 

imginaua.    Allhough  the  Trojani,  under  _8.   Prima  aalat.     Scaligor  think.    Ih^ 

«ilerent  leader.,  a.  ^nea.,  Helenu.,  and  Troy  wa.  taken  about  the  full  moon,  and 

Aatenor,  wttled  in  diffcrent  rcgion.,  yet  near  tho  ond  of  ipnnj,  and  that  ^nea.  wt 

dberM  exiha  plainly  refer.  to  £nea.  and  hi.  o«t  »*>«  bepnnmg  of  «immer.    But  it  i. 

Mowers  only,  who  were  all  appointed  to  fvident  that  it  would    require   a  greater 

go  io  quest  of  the  i ame  letUement.    /)««•-  1«?«^  «^  *"»«  ^  ^oild  a  flcet,  and  make 

to  ierroM :  unoccupied— uncultivated  land. ;  f **>•'  preparation.  for  hi.  long  voyage.     If 

whera  they  mirfit  Mttle  in  peace.    Or,  we  ^«  ^  «>"««*  m  the  timo  of  tlie  captiire  of 

MT  fluppoM  £nea.  to  speak  the  Unguage  Troy,  the  prima  vstas,  with  more  propnoty, 

if  hi.  hoart  at  tliat  time.    Having  the  di.-  will  mean  the  bejrinnmg  of  thc  summer  of 

«aridea  of  the  dertruction  of  hie  country  !*>«  foHowing  year.     Thii  bctter  agrees  wi'h 

«Mh  m  hi.  mind,  and  the  uncortain  proipect  hiatory.     pionymu.  of  Halicamaiwiii,  ni- 

•f  «  eettlement  in  vmc  unknown  land,  (m-  f?/'"»  »^»  ^hat  he  collccted  an  army  and  for- 

Mrf»  9«^  fala  feranl,  uhi  sistcre  dflur,)  it  f>fi<^  himwjlf  on  mount  Ida;  butnot  Uunk- 

VM  nataral  for  him  to  have  unuoniforUble  «ng  »t  prudcnt  to  cnpge  thc  eneniy,  he  ca- 

tpprehenaion.  of  the  country  to  which  he  P»tulated  on  honorablo  toniiB ;  onc  of  which 

VW  goinff ;  to  call  it  an  exile,  or  place  of  ^a.,  that  he  «hould  be  allowcd  to  depart 

laabhment,  a  land  of  rolitude  and  dewr-  fr«m  Ti^a.  with  hii  follower.  without  mo- 

Uhi.     Some  road  divereas,  for  duerlas.  leeUtion,  aftcr  a  ccrtain  timo,  which  he  ein- 

ft.  JhsguniM  Disikm :  by  the  inUinaUoms  P^ojc^  >"  buildmg  aiid  equippmg  a  fl^cl. 

■r  pradifiee  of  the  god..     Thi.  refer.  to  9.  Falis:  qui.fata  veUent^  ray.  Ruaoa 

Ih*  Mrenl  prophetic  intimation.  given  to  Prop/erjujja  e/ montla  Z)eenim,  mv.  Herne 

hiB  of  hie  ftatiiro  fiito  by  the  ghoet  of  Hec-  Some  copie.  have  venHM 


244  t».  VTRGTLH  MARONIS 

Litora  tum  patnac  lachrymans,  po^usque  reJinqii 
£t  campos,  ubi  Troja  fuit :  feror  exul  in  altum, 
Cum  sociis,  natoque,  Penatibus,  et  magnis  Dis. 
'J'erra  procul  vastis  colitur  Mavortia  campis, 

14.  (itum  Thraoes  Thraccs  arant,  acri  quondam  regnata  Lycurgo: 
arani  Hos))itium  antiquum  'l'rojffi,  sociique  Penates, 

15.  Fuit    antiqaum  Dum  fortuna  fuit.     l^eror  huc,  et  litore  curvo 
h(MiiMtium  Troje,  ciyitt  f^i^^j^^  pri„,a  loco,  fatis  ingressus  iniquis  : 
que  Penatefl  erant  locu   r>         t  '  j  -2 
fwstrii,  dum  fortuna  fuit  -^neadasque  meo  nomen  de  nomme  fingo. 
Mo^                                  Sacra  DionaE^te  matri,  Divisque  ferebam 

22.  Quo  «ummo  erant  Auspicibus  ccL^ptorum  operum  :  superoque  niteiK 
comoa  virgulta,  et  myr-  CoBUCoIum  regi  mnctabam  m  litore  taurum. 
tuf  horrida  densii  Fortc  fuit  juxta  tuinulus,  quo  comea  summo 

NOTES. 

10.  LachrymanM.    The  shcddinff  of  tcars        Thcre  had  been  a  long  and  ftii 

II  an  indication  of  compaBsion  aiid  huniani-  anco  between  tlie  two  countries,  b 

ty.     It  is  not  inconsistont  with  true  fortitudo  which  the  Thracians  gave  a  hoe| 

and  gfreatncss  of  mind,  and  no  way  unbe-  ception  to  all  strangers  from  Tnn 

coming  a  hcro.     But  there  is  no  nccessity  Trojans,  in  tum,  repaid  the  ki 

of   undenttanding  it  horo,  and  in  various  civilities  to  the  Thracians.     Thii 

other  passages  where  it  occurs,  as  if  ^iieas  ty  was  sometimes  between  whoi 

actually  shcd  toars.     Ruffius  takcs  it  in  the  betwoon  one  city  and  another,  i 

•ense  of  lugens^  grieving  at  the   idea   of  tiines  bctween  particular  familiei 

leaving  his  native  country,  and  at  the  pros-  ncstor,  king  of  Thrace,  married 

pect  of  tlio  dangers  which  were  bcfore  him.  daughtor  of  Priam.     By  theaa 

12.  Magnit  Dis.  The  great  gods  were  two  nations  became  related  in  th 
Jopiter,  Juno,  Mars,  Pallas,  Mercury,  and  tive  headi:  and  their  godi  might 
ApoUo ;  sometiinei  callcd  the  Dii  majorum  be  allied,  confederate,  and  frieiidi 
gentium.     Tho  Penattt  were  domestic  godi,  quence  of  it. 

without  any  particular  name.     The  imagos         17.  Prima  mania:  I  place  my 
of  all  these  gods  JRnetLB  took  with  him  into        The  citv  which  ^neai  fint  £ 

Italy,  and  introduccd  their  worship,  as  we  aro  told,  he  called  JEnoa.     It  i 

are  told,  into  Latium^  aflcr  he  was  settlcd  from  the  mouth  of  the  Hebnia,  o 

m  that  kingdom.     Some  take  thc  Magnis  of  the  iEgcan  sea.     The  tomb 

Dit  to   be   the  samo  with  thc  Penatibu*.  rus  was  near  this  place.     Jngrett 

See  Gcor.  ii.  505.  and  JEn.  ii.  717.  cntercd  upon  the  buiinoBi  with  f 

13.  Mavortia  ierra  :  a  inartial  land. —  — ogainst  the  will  and  purpoiei  f 
Thrace  is  so  called,  bccausc  said  to  be  tlie  who  dirccted  him  to  the  kuid  of 
oirtnplace  of  Mara.  This  was  a  very  cxten-  IS.  Fingo  ^neadat:  I  call 
«ve  country,  boundcd  on  the  cast  by  tho  tants  ^neada,  a  name  deriy» 
Euxine  sea,  south  by  the  PropontiR,  Helles-  namo.  Ftn^o  :  in  the  lenie  of  < 
pont,  acd  iEgoan  sea,  and  on  the  Wost  by  19.  Dionaa :  an  adj.  from  Di 
Macedonia.  Co/t/Mr :  in  the  scnse  of /la^i-  thorofVeuus.  Jtfio/ri:  tohiamo 
tatur,  Ptoeul.  This  word  soinetimos  sig-  8aera:  in  the  sense  of  tacr\ftcia 
aifiei  neir,  in  view,  as  if /»ro  oeutis^  as  in  bam:  in  the  sense  of  f^fferebamu 
Ecl.  vi.  16.  In  this  sense  it  may  bo  taken  ^.  ^uspicibut :  the  favoren 
hore ;  for  Thrace  was  only  a  short  distance  of  our  work  begun.  It  ii  put  ii 
from  the  port  where  ^neas  sct  sail.     But  it  with  Divit. 

may  havo  referonce  to  Carthage,  tho  ptace  21.  Mactabam:  I  wasiacrifid 

where  he  then  was  ;   and  thcn  it  may  be  bull  to  the  high  king  of  the  god 

taken  in  its  uiual  acceptation.  Servius  tolli  ui  that  a  buU 

14.  t^rri  Lyeurgo:  warlike  Lycurgus.  He  those  animals  forbidden  to  be  oJ 
wai  the  son  of  Dryas.  Boing  offended  at  crifice  to  Jove ;  and  thinki  Vu 
Baccliui,  it  II  laid,  he  banished  him  and  hii  edly,  mikei  iEneai  offer  here  \ 
^tariei  from  hii  kingdom ;  and  ordered  all  sacrificc,  in  order  lo  introduce 
Ibe  vmoi  to  be  destroyed  in  his  doininions.  cious  omen  that  followed,  Bu 
For  whicli  impiety  the  god  deprivod  him  of  assurei  us,  upon  the  beit  authc 
hiiiigtit.  /2f^na/a,refen  to/er/a:  govem-  wai  usual  to  sacrifice  bulla  lo 
•d,  or  nilod.  ^  well  ai  to  the  other  godi.  AtlenJ 

tS.  HotfiHium      an    ancient  retreat    of    lays,  pinguem :  ano  Heyne,  cm 
'  Ui  |odi  ^ere  oui'  friondi,  while        22.  T^umulua :  a  riiing  groun 
Wlth  ui  ^m  tutmiM  :  on  wboit  top. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  m. 


245 


Vj^^ulti^t  densJ3.  hastUibus  horrida  m^rtus. 
Accessi,  virideinque  ab  humo^convellere  sylvam 
Coiiatus,  raniis  tcgercm  ut  froiideiilibus  aras : 
Horreiidum  et  dictu  video  mirubilc  monstrum. 
^Hin.  qus  prima  solo,  ruptis  radicibus,  arbos 
^  «iUitiir,  huic  atro  li(iuuntur  sanguine  guttse, 
l't  terraiii  tabo  maculant.     Mihi  frigidus  horror 
Membra  quatit,  gelidusque  coit  formidine  sanguis. 
^^ursus  et  alterius  lentum  convellere  vimen 
'nitcr|iior,  et  causas  penitQs  tentare  latentes : 
Aier  et  alterius  sequitur  de  cortice  sanguis.  . 
Multa  iiioveiis  aniino,  Nymphas  vencrabar  agrestes, 
Gra(livum([uc  patrem,  Geticis  qui  prffisidet  arvis, 
Rite  sccundarcnt  visus,  omenque  levarent. 
Teiiia  scd  postquam  majore  hastilia  nixu 
Aggredior,  genibus({ue  adversee  obluctor  arenne  : 
£I(i(]uar,  an  sileam  ?  gemitus  lachrymabilis  imo 
Auditur  tumulo,  et  vox  reddita  fertur  ad  aurcs : 
Quid  miserum,  ^Enea,  laceras  ?  jam  parce  sepulto, 
Parce  pias  scelerare  manus :  non  me  tibi  Troja 
Extemum  tulit :  haud  cnior  hic  de  stipite  manat. 

NOTES. 


24.  AccbbmI  td  lceum^ 
25  conatusquo  mm  cunve]. 
lera 

27.  Que  arboe  prlma 
vellitur  folo,  huic  guttti 
ex  atro 

30      30.  Coit  circum  eor. 

31.  Alterius  arbori»^ 
et  penitus  lentare  laten- 
tet  cauiia«  ewrum  rerum ; 
•t  aier 


35 


36.  Ui  ritd  sccunda- 
rent  visue,  levarentqua 
mahtm  omcn 


40  41.  Quid,  O  ^nea, 
laceras  me  miserum  ? 
jam  parco  mihi 

43.  De  stipite  arborit 
ted  de  meo  eorpore 


■dj.  ot  the  comeil  tree.  Dentit  hattilibut, 
The  long  and  taperingr  branchcs  of  a  tree 
nay  not  impropcrly  be  callcd  hattilia^  spcart. 
Thcre  ie  a  peculiu'  propriety  in  the  use  of 
the  word  here,  as  boing  Uie  spears  with 
whieh  the  body  of  Polydorus  had  been  trans- 
fized ;  and  had  tprung  up  into  a  tliick 
body  of  treea  or  shrube.  Horrida :  awful. 
Riueiu  aaye,  atpera, 

24.  Sjflvam :  in  the  Bense,  here,  of  ramot 
vel  ntmumm 

S6.  Montirum:  in  the  Benite  orprodigium. 

87.  Arbot:  a  ihrub,  bush,  or  small  tree. 
Solo  :  from  tho  earth. 

S8.  Huie  :  in  the  eenee  of  er  hde.  Liqu- 
imiur :  in  the  flenae  of  defluuni.  Airo  tan" 
piine:  in  the  eenee  of  airi  tanguinit.  The 
prep.  e  or  ex  ie  underetood. 

29.  Horrmr :  in  the  senee  otiremor.  Mihi: 
in  thfl  ■enae  of  Meo. 

30.  Sanguit  gelidut :  my  blood,  chillcd 
Ihrou^h  iear,  collects  togrether— «eases  to 
Aow  in  itfl  refular  coune. 

33.  Intequor:  I  proceed  to  tear  up.  Vi- 
mefi  fen/uii|:  a  limber,  or  pUant  ehoot  or 
■farub. 

34.  Venerabar  Mymphat.  These  ruatic 
nymphe,  to  whom  iEneae  here  prays,  were 
probably  the  Hamadryadet^  whose  destiny 
was  connected  with  that  of  lome  particular 
trees«  with  which  they  livod  and  diod. 
^neas  might  contider  this  horrid  omcn,  ai 
an  indicatjon  of  their  diHpIcasure,  for  hi» 

ffering  to  violate  thoKe   plcdges  of  their 
•xiatence.    Jtfotrmj:  in  the  senive  of  ro/irn«. 

35.  Oradieum  patrem  :  Mara.  \Vo  are 
fold  that  OradivuM  wa»  an  cpithct,  or  namc, 
of  Man  in  tine  of  war,  vlh  Quirmia  w&fi 


in  time  of  peaco.  Its  dcrivation  ia  unccrtain. 
Getivit:  an  adj.  from  Geta^  a  people  bor- 
dcring  upon  the  Itter^  or  Danubc;  hcro  put 
for  Thracian^  on  account  of  the  vicinity  of 
the  two  countrics :  or,  becauso  Thracc  was 
thoughtto  extend,  indeiinitely,  to  tlie  North 

36.  Secundarent,  Two  omens  wcre  re- 
quircd  for  confirmation :  if  the  firBt  happcned 
to  bc  unlucky,  and  the  second  prospcrous, 
tho  lattcr  destroyed  the  fonner,  and  was 
termed  omen  tceundum ;  and  hence  tecvndo^ 
to  prosper.  ^neas,  thercforc,  wish^xi  to 
have  the  omon  rcpeatcd,  that  tho  bad  or  un- 
lucky  import  of  it  mi?ht  be  removed,  or 
taken  away.  Vitut :  vision,  acc.  plu.  Le 
vareni :  in  the  sense  of  averiereni, 

37.  Teriia  hattilia :  a  third  shrub  or  trea 
JV^ru :  in  tho  sense  of  vL 

38.  Aggredior:  I  attempt,  or  try  to  puil 
up,  &:c.  He  ezerted  himself  tn  cradicate 
it^  with  his  knocs  upon  the  gjound,  that  he 
might  have  the  ffreater  purchase,  or  power. 
Advertte  :  opposito,  nght  against  his  knces. 

40.  Reddiia :  in  tlie  senso  of  emitta  ex  to, 

42.  Paree  teelerare :   forbear  to  poUute 

?our  piouB  hands.  It  was  the  law  of  the 
'welvc  Tables,  and,  indeed,  it  is  tho  voice  of 
humanity,  that  no  injury  be  done  to  the 
doad  :  drfuncti  injurid  ne  qfficiantur.  Tlie 
ghost  oi  1'olydorus,  therefore,  calls  out  to 
Alnena  :  puree  jam  teptUto :  let  mc  aloiic : 
leave  me,  at  least,  to  my  rest  in  thc  ^ravc. 

43.  Extemum  non,  Polyd&ms  was  the 
son  of  rriain,  and  the  brothcr  of  Crerita^  the 
wiic  of  «flncas.  He  was  therefore  not  ■ 
stran^cr  or  forci^iior,  in  the  trucst  scnso  if 
the  word,  to  ^iieas.     Cicero  makea  hus\Uakft 


948  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Immotanique  coli  dedit,  et  contemnere  ventofl. 
78.  H»c  pUcidiuima  Huc  feror :  haec  fessos  tuto  placidissima  portu 
«Mu/a  accipit  no$  Accipit.     Egressi  veneramur  ApoUinis  urbem. 

vtnenuni?**"   '""^       ^®*  Anius,  rex  idem  hominum  Phoebique  Bacerdo 

Vittis  et  sacri  redimitus  tempora  lauro 
ttt  Oocunit  noltiM       Occurrit,  veterem  Anchisen  agnoscit  amicum. 

Jungimus  hospitio  dextras,  et  tecta  subimus. 
85.   Et  ne  dixi :  O  Templa  Dei  saxo  venerabar  structa  vetusto ; 
Thymbnee  Apollo^    da  Da  propriam,  Thymbrse,  domum,  da  mcenia  fesn 
nobiM  fessispropriam  do-  £(,  genus,  et  mansuram  urbem  :  serva  altera  Troj 

^^  o  «       •  u  Pergama,  relliquias  Danadim  atque  immitis  AchiUi 

88.  Quove  jubes  mw^^  •«        >  -i/ol- 

ire?  ubi;u6MnM  ponere  Q"«™  sequmiur  ?  qudve  ire  jubcs  ?  ubi  ponere  se 

notirat  «edcB  f  Da,  pater,  augurium,  atque  animis  illabere  nostriB 

90.  Repentd  omnia  Vix  ea  fatus  eram  :  tremere  omnia  visa  repent^ 
viBa  tunt  tremere  Liminaque,  laurusque  Dei :  totusque  moveri 

91.  TotuBque    mons  ^^j^^  circClm,  et  muirire  adytis  cortina  reclusis. 
nnwef/moven  o   l     •    •       ^^  *  /  p^         j 

94.  Eadem  tellus,  qus  Submissi  petimus  terram,  et  vox  fertur  ad  aures: 

tolit  V08  a  prima  stirpe    Dardanide  duri,  quae  vos  k  stirpe  parentum 

NOTES. 

hidden  before  undor  the  waves.    Thls  part  blood  of  victims;  but  only  honoi 

of  the  fable  some  explaiu,  by  sayin^  that  prayers,  and  other  simple  rites  of 

Apoilo  hcro  gave  out  hiti  oracles  plam  and  wrorship. 

inlilligible,  but  in  every  olhor  place,  in  torms  jj^.  Xhymttrae,    Thymbreus  wa 

dark  and  obscure.     Sec  Ecl.  iv.  10.  thct  of  ApoUo,  derived,  as  we  an 

77.  Dtdiltfue :  and  rendered  it  iixcd  to  be  strabo,  from  Thymbra^  a  place  n« 

inhabitcd,  and  to  condemn  the  wmds.    This  where  be  had  a  ttmous  temple.    P 

alludes  to  the  story  of  its  havin^:  been  a  fixcd  lastinff. 

wandcrine  iKland,  and  driven  about  by  the  oo    r-,             i»     •             ^    «^ 

wind»,  till  fixed  by  Apollo  for  the  rcHidence  ^^*  /^«^" '  ofl&pnng-pastarity. 

of  his  niother.     Hence  it  bccanic  sacrcd  to  »»y«v/««»^«"-    J»fan*uram ;  permi 

her.  """«"^ 

80.  Idcm  rtx  hominum.  It  was  a  cufltom  87.  Pergama :  neu.  plu.  properlj 
among  inany  nations  to  unite  in  the  samo  or  citadel  of  Troy ;  oflen  uscd  for  t 
pereon  theoflicedofkingand  prieat.  Anius  city.  AUera  Ptrgama,  Simply,  I 
was  botJ»  kirifr,  and  prient  of  Apollo.  Troy— -the  city  which  iEneas  prayi 

81.  RrdimUw:  bound  as  to  his  temples  ^  fS^^  ^  bim,  and  his  foUower 
with  fillels,  and  the  sacred  laurel.  The  m^i»»  o^  the  Greeks,  and  of  cruel 
laurel  was  Racrcd  to  Apollo.  Hence  the  89.  Augurtum:  a  sign,  or  omen. 
propriety  of  his  priest  being  bound  with  it :  91.  Laurut,  Either  the  laurel,  wi 
and  the  propnety  of  the  epithet  taera,  the  image  of  the  god  wss  cro wned ; 

83.  SuOimus  leeta  :  we  come  under  his  the  laurel  tree,  which  was  plsced  • 
roof— we  enter  his  palace.  But  teeta  here  irance  of  the  temple.  It  was  «]] 
may  mean  the  temple  mentioned  belowr  the  among  the  ancienU  that  tlie  gods  g 
word  ttetum  properiy  signifying  any  covercd  of  their  approach,  by  causiuf  thc 
buUding.  Or  tteia  may  be  taken  for  the  move  and  Bhake.  To  this  the  poe 
buildmgs  of  the  city  m  goneral.  The  mean-  ludcs.  The  laurel  was  sacred  to  >! 
ing  then  will  be ;  we  enter  ihe  eiiy, 

84.  Strueta  velutto  taxo :  built  of  ancient  92.  Cortma,  The  coveringof  tl 
stone,  or  rock.  Macrobius  informs  us  that,  whencethe  priestdelivered  rcsponsi 
when  tho  temple  at  Defphi,  and  the  tcmples  ^Y  meton.  the  oracle  ituelf.  Adj^ 
built  to  Apollo  in  other  places,  were  destroy-  «anctuary,  or  mner  psrt  of  the  temp 
ed  in  any  way  whatevcr,  his  tcmplo  ^iDtht  ^*^o  Oracle  was.  Reelutu:  in  the 
continued  to  stand  unimpaired ;  and  conse-  opertit.  Mont.  This  wa»  mount 
quently  rctainod  ils  aneiunt  or  oriijiual  sloiie.  O"  which  the  temple  was  built: 
Whatevvr  ravagcfl  thc  island  had  sufFered,  Apollo  wa»  BomeUnies  called  Cyni 
tlie  sanotity  of  the  teniple  preservcd  it  from  Diana,  Cynlhia.  Mugire:  in  the 
violation.     ytmrabar:  1  worshipped — I  of-  tunare, 

fered  praycrs.     It  is  said  that  thc  altar  of        94.    Dardanidet:   the  same   aa 
Apollo  at  Dttot  was  never  stained  with  the     Servius  observcs  that  tho   Trojai 


^EiS.    LIB.  111.  MO 

jiht,  HIus  eadem  vos  ubere  laeto  05 

ft  reduces :  antiquam  exquirite  iiiatrem« 
tnus  iEnece  cunctis  dominabitur  oris, 
iiatorum,  et  qui  nascentur  ab  iliis. 

Phuebus  :  mixtoque  ingens  exorta  tumultu  99,  IngeiiMiue  lietida 

;  et  cuncti,  quae  sint  ea  ma;nia,  quserunt,         100  «'^*»^  uteum  mixto 
fitLbus  vocct  errantes,  jubeatque  reverti.  ^^^"  '^^  «rtanies 

enitor,  veterum  volvens  monumenta  virorum, 

.  6  proceres,  ait,  et  spes  discite  vestras.  105.   Ubi    e$i   Idatu 

\(}\\s  magni  medio  jacet  insula  ponto,  '"°"' 

da-ns  ubi,  et  gentis  cunabula  nostrffi.  106      *?^'    ^*^"*^  habiUnt 

fi  urbes  habilant  magnas,  ubernma  regna  j^^     ^^^^   Teucnie 

us  unde  [later,  si  ritc  audita  recordor,  ^oj/er    nnLxiinun    peict 

0  Rhceteas  primilkm  est  advectus  in  oras,  prinium 

NOTES. 

ideiKtood   from  this  declaration  of  tin^rs,  but  paintin^fi,  cohinins.  tombs,  and 

cle.  that  Italy  was  doMigncd  them,  ftatues.    Rusiii  wuys^Aii/oWnf.    Folvcfts :  \n 

Dardanufl  came ;   and    not   Crete^  the   seiise  of   reeogitana^   vel    renolveTU    tn 

as  tlie  birthplace  of  Tetu.."    Stirpe :  menie, 

m»e  of  orifrine,  104.  Creta,    A  largeisland  in  the  Mcditer- 

<gio  ubere :  in  its  joyous  bos^^ :  or  ranean,  lyin^  bctween  tho  Anrhipelago  on 

,  in  its  fertilc  soil.     Uber :  signifies  the  north,  and  the  Lybian  aea  oti  Uio  suuth : 

neas  or  fcrtility  of  the  soil.     Rueus  Hodie^  Candia.     It  was  called  Creta^  from 

rtili  sinu,  Cres^  who   is   said  to  have   reigned   there 

\eduets:  brought  back,  or  retuming  af\cr  Jupiter.     It  is  also  sometimes  called 

%     Matren,     It  is  supposed  that  the  Crete,     Teucer^    from    whom    ttie   Trojant 

1  in  view  the  circumstaiice  of  Brutus,  wcro  sometimes  called  Teueri^  and  Troy, 
Tarquins,  who  weiit  to  Driphi  to  Teueria^  was  a  nativo  of  this  islaud.  Ue 
the  Oracle  of  Apollo,  concerning  was  tlie  son  of  Seamander ;    and,   in  the 

reaeiun  to  the  kingdom.     They  re-  time  of  a   famine,   lod  a  colony  to   Troas, 

for  answer,  that  the  einpire  should  and  scttled  at  Rhateum^  a  promonlory  om 

who  tirst  kissed  his  greAt  inothcr.  tho  shore  of  Uie  Hollespont.     He  was  inost 

on  leaying  the  ship,  feignod  a  fall,  probably    the     foundoi    of    the    Trojans : 

led  the  ground,  which  he  considercd  whence  Anchises  caljs  liini  Maximus  pater, 

reat  parcnt  of  all.     He  received  the  They  were,  how^(|r,  very  fond  of  deriving 

nent,  aAer  the  (szpulsion  of  thc  Tar-  Uieir  dcsccnt    fVom   Dardanus^    who    fled 

leing  chosen  Consul.     He  was  slain  from  IlAly  to  Troos,  and  bccamc  thc  Kon-iii- 

u,  one  of  the  Tarquins,  soon  afler  law  to  Teucer.     By  marrying  hi»  daughter, 

r%d  upon  his  office.  bc  obtained  a  share  in  the  kingdoin«  and  at 

>9iNMf  JEnem:   here   the   family  oi  his  death  succeedcd  him  in  the  govcrniaont. 

shall  bear  rale  over  all  lands,  &c.  Crete  is  here   called  the   isloitd   of  great 

iwo  linee  are  takeu  from  the  Iliad.  Jove ;  because  it  was  the  plucc  of  his  birth 

L  306.      It  M  thent  said,  howcver,  and  ecucaUon.     See  Georg.  1.  1'2I. 
leaa  should  reign  over  the  Trojans.         105.  Cunahula :  neu.  plur.  thc  cradle  or 

iome  have  inferred  that  he  remained  nnrsing  place  of  your  racc.     Ruirus  says, 

s,  and  that  the  whole  accoant  of  the  origo,     Idaut:  an  adj.  from  Ida,-i  mountain 

if  the  Romans  is  a  mere  fiction,  a  in  Crete. 

lent  only  to  Augustiu.     But  Diony-         106.  Habttant:  in  the  sense  of  oeeupant, 

HalJcamaasus  understands  it  of  his  Uberrima  regma :  most  fertile  roalms.     Thia 

l  oTer  the  Trojans  in  Italy.    And  in  answers  to  Ittto  ubere^  incntioned,  95,  supra, 

ia  foUowed  by   Eustathius  in   his  and  tcnded  to  mislcad  .^nchiiies. 
itary  upon  this  passage  of  the  Iliad.         107.  Audita:  repurts — iraditions. 
H»  ohserved  ihat  Virgil  does  notsay,         lOB.  Hhcrteas  oras :  the  confct  of  Rhrtteiink. 

r  dominabihtr^  whirh  answcrs  to  the  Rhtrtmm    was    a    promontury    of    Troas, 

>f  Honier ;  but  cunetis  dominabitur  whcre  Teuccr  laiidcd  with  hid  colony  froro 

his  circuiiistance  hath  led  soine  to  Crcte.     He  introdiiood  the  worship  of  Cy- 

I  Greek  tezt  so  as  to  confonn  to  the  hele,  tlio  mother  of  thc  srodfl,  iind  K2ve  to 

the  mountains  of  Phrygia  tho  iiaino  ot'  /./o. 

Rererii':  jn  the  sense  of  pi  x:edere,  from  niount  Ida  in  Crcte.     Ho  '.Iso  cli:iiise<i 

ihe  seneo  of  ad  gua  oea.  the  nnmc  of  Xarithus  into  thut  nf  Soam- 

Vmntanenia  :  rrcords,  or  meinorials.  indor,  allor  tho  iianio  «  f  hi»  \*uI\\p.t.    WvtwfiM 

mm  of  varioiu  kindai  oot  only  wri'  /ioinei  says  thol  Ihe  i  ver  Nvat  «udWd  X«ii» 


P    VmGJLII  MARONIS 

Optavitque  lix^uiii  regno :  nonduro  niuin  et  aiCM 
Pergamese  steterant;  habitabant  yallibus  UTiif.\ 
111.  Uinc  venu  inUer  llinc  mater  cullrix  Cybole,  Corybantiaque  jdti, 
Cybule  fdaiumque  nemus :  hinc  fida  sileiitia  sacris, 

11«.    Hjiic    venifunt  ^i  juncti  ciu-rum  dominoj  aubiere  leones. 

Lrgo  agite,  et,  DivOm  ducunt  qua  jussa,  sequanii 
Placemus  ventos,  et  Gnossia  regna  petamus. 
116.  llla  distant  longo  ^Jec  longo  dislant  cursu :  mod6  Jupiter  adsit, 
^***"  Tertia  lux  classem  Cretans  sistet  in  oris. 

NOTES. 

thtu  by  the  ^ods,  but  Scamander  hy  men —  prieetfl  of  Cybeie^  deiiyed  from  tl 

the  fornior  bcing  iU  originiU,  and  more  ho-  During  her  wocship,  they  made  ■ 

uorable  namc.  noise  with  timbreis,  pipes,   and 

109.  Optarit:  in  the  sense  of  elcgit.  Stra-  They  danccd,  tossed  their  heads,i 
bo  agrecH  with  Vir^il  in  inaking  Teucer  the  their  forcheads  against  uach  othei 
find  who  rcigiicd  in  Troy.     Dardanus  ar-  ing  like  mad  men. 

rivt  d  not  long  at\er.  marricd  his  daughter        Thoy   were    sometimes    called 

Baiea^  and  succcuded  him  in  the  govem-  from  a  Greek  word  which  signifie 

ment.  becauRC  tliey  wore  a  long  robe  li 

110.  Per^ametr:  in  thc  pcnso  of  TVq/unA.  virgins.      They   were  also  calie< 

111.  Cybele.  The  Hame  with  Rhca  or  Ops,  from  a  Grcek  word  signifymg  a 
and  wifo  of  Satum.     Shc  is  so  called  pro-  cause  they  wero  ten  in  number,  tl 
bably  from  Cybclus,amountain  in  Phrygia,  so  many  fingers  on  both  hands. 
where  she  was  wonhipped.     She  is  taken  thet  Idtn  is  here  added,  becaaset] 
■ometimes  for  Uie  earth ;  and  in  that  sense  resided  on  mount  Ida, 

i»  thc  coiiimon  parent  of  ail  its  inhabitants.  Cybele   is  represented   aitting 

Her  priests  wcrc  called  Corybante*^  Curetes^  with  a  robe  of  divers  colors,  and 

and  fiicei  DactyU.     Amon?  other  things  in  key  in  her  hand,  to  denote  that  sl 

her  worship,  they  used  to  ocat  brazen  cym-  and  distributes  In  sunmier  thoae 

baU  to[]rcthcr.     Thc  origin  of  this  proctice  that  the  winter  had  hid  and  concei 

was  to  prcvcnt  thc  crirs  of  tho  child  Jupiter  wears  a  turreted  crouTi  on  her  hf 

from  bcinjr  hcard  hy  liis  fathcr.     Cybcle  is  drawn  by  a  pair  of  hamcsscd  li 

hcrc  oailcd  CuHrix^  inost  probably  bocause  box  and  the  pine  tree  were  saci 

she    was    worshippod    in   a    niuuntain   of  thc  formcr,  because  pipes  were  m 

riiry{ria:  whonoe  it  inight  be  said  that  shc  wood,  and  used  in  her  worship; 

inhuliitcd  it,  and,  a.s  it  wcre,  became  the  for  the  sake  of  the   boy  jitys^ 

prutntrtfs  of   that   country.      This  is  the  lovcd,  and  made  president  of  h 

son.so  KunMis  trivoA.    He  says,  ^ro/^r/rix /ori.  coremonies  :   but  af\crwards  chi 

mKra  :  brazon  cynibals.     Any  thing  madeof  into  the  pine  tree.     lier  sacrifice! 

DruMS  may  bo  called  trs^  or  ctra.  formod  iii  private,  and  mcn  wei 

Hoync  roads  Ci/hcla^  the  gen.  of  Ci/bela^  from  participation.     Silence  was 

somotiinos  writton  Cybelut^  the  naine  of  a  cnjoined  in  her  mysterics.     Th 

mountain   in  Phrygia.     Mater  Deum^  says  plain  Jida  silenHa  aaerit^  in  thi 

he,   tfutr  ro/i7.    inJ^abitat   Cybelcn^    montem  line. 

Phry^ur:  taking  cultrix  in  thc  8en«e  oT  qu(e  112.  Hinejida:  hence  the  (aitl 

eolit   vol   iuhiibitnt.      Aflcr  the  arrival   of  in  her  sacred  rites.     The  mysle 

TVtirrr  rroni  Croto,  hc  probahly  changod  the  bcln,  as  we!l  as  those  of  Ceres, 

nanio  of  tho  inountain  Cybtla  or  Cybelus^  fully  concealed   from  the  comnr 

calling  it  A/c;,  at\or  the  Crrtan  Ida.  Hor  chariot  was  draiK-n  by  hami 

TiiK  irtuldoss  had  sovoral  naines:  Cybele^  juncti  Uunes.  to  dcnote  that  mati 

froiii  tlio  niouiitain  alroady  namod,  whorc  it  tion,  figured   by  Cybele,  or  thc 

i>  saiii  siio  was  first  wort^hippcd  by  oaorifi-  coniinon   parent  of  all,  triumpl 

oos :  ( ipt,  froni  a  word  implying  Iiolp.  be-  most  torocious  and  savage  natun 

eatiso  siio  brin^  holp  or  ashistancc  to  cvcry  re:   in  the   sense   of  traxertmi, 

priHliiction  of  nature:  Rhca^  from  a  Grrok  This  is  an  epithet  of  Cybol6,aj 

wurd  si^iiifyiiig  /o  floir^  bocause  her  hcneHts  mother  of  the  gods. 

fl»w  witliout  eoasiiitr:  Dindymene^  troin  tho  115.  Gnotna:  an  adj.  from  G 

mouiilain  Dindymus  in  Phrygia  :  Bcrrcyn'  prinoipal  city  of  Crele,  pat  bj  sy 

■  <.ia,  from  Btrccynthui^  a  costlo  in  tho  same  whole  islond. 

counlry.     See  .tn.  vi.  T^M.     Sho  was  alsq  116.  .Vm/u/oyi/:  nor  are  thc 

oalled  Bona  Dca^  and  Matcr  Deorum.     Sce  Crotr  a  long  vay  ditiani»    Modk 

EcL  iv.  6.  and  Geor.  i.  121.  thal — in  case  thau 

Cpritenlia :  an  adj.  fiom  Corybaniet^  the  1 17.  Lux:  in  th»  mnm  of  & 


iENEIS.    UB.  m  251 

iMy  meritoB  aris  mactavit  honorefi : 

n  Neptuno  ;  taurum  tibi,  pulcher  Apollo  ;  119      119.  ^aefatil  naxram 

1  Hyemi  pecudem,  Zephyris  felicibus  albam.  Neptuno;  Uuruin  ubi, 

la  volat,  pulsum  rcgms  cessisse  patemis  Jgl^  Faraa  vi>lat  du- 

lea  ducem,  desertaque  litora  Crets:,  cem  Idomenea,  pukiuiD 

vacare  domos,  sedesque  adstare  relictas.  ceiwisBe  patemin  regnin, 

mus  Ortygi»  portus,  pclago(|ue  volamus :  litoraque  CrotB  ette  de- 

itamquejugis  Naxon,  viridemque  Donysam,  125  "^^  ^  domoe  Tacm 

»n,  niveamqtje  Paron,  sparsasque  per  «quor  ^^  Ugimoique  Naa- 

las,  et  crebris  legimus  freta  consita  terns.  on  bacchatam  jugia,  vi- 

:u8  ezoritur  vario  certamine  clamor.  ridemque  Donjriam 
itur  socii,  Cretam  proavosque  petamus. 

|iiitiir  surgens  k  puppi  ventus  euntes :  130     130.  JVoj  euntes 
iem  antiquis  Curetum  allabimur  oris. 

ividus  muros  optatae  molior  urbis,  „  *^*  Vocoque  vrbm 

»ean.que  voco :  et  tetam  cognomine  pentem  ^^^^^p,.  „«»0.. 

r  amare  focoa,  arcemque  attollerc  tectis.  ^^,^  ^  1,10^  in  gjcco  li- 

le  fere  sicco  siibductaB  litore  puppes  :  135  tore 

NOTES. 

MaetavU  :    be    ofi^red — sacrificed.  in  that  form  around  Delos.     Freta  roruita : 

t:    in  the  teiuie  of  vietimat.     And  the  siraits  sct  with  many  ialands — the  strmha 

.*  in  the  senm  of  dignot,  and  narrow  passes    formed   by  the  nuDM- 

HjfCMt.    B/  hjfemi  we  are  here  to  rous  islands,  which  dlversified  the  sea. 
and  thm  ttotmy  vindt.    They  were        127.  Legimtu:  wo  coast  along  the  shore 

nd  aa  a  kind  of  diyinities,  and  were  — we  sail  near. 

ngly  worshipped   in  order  to  avert        128.  Certamine:  in  the  sense  of  eanuUi^ 

tj»  Peeudem:  in  the  sense  of  ovem,  tione,  J^autieut  elamor :  ashoutof  thosailon. 
a .«  in  the  sense  of  propitiit.  130.  Surgent  d  pupni.     This  wind  blcw 

Idmmaua :  an  acc.  of  Greek  endin|r.  from  the   north  :    their  course   lay  to  the 

leas  was  the  eon  of  Deucalion,  and  southward,  and  consequently  it  would  be  at 

lon  of  Minoa,  kin|r  of  Crcte.      He  their  stem. 
m  of  the  leaders  in  the  war  against        131.  Allabimur:  we  arrive  at  the  ancient 

On  his  retum,  being  overtaken  in  shores  of  the  Curetet.     Thesc  were  the  mi- 

i,  he  made  a  tow  to  the  }^ods  to  nisters  of  Cybclo,  and  thought  by  some  to 

I  to  them  whatsoever  he  should  iirst  be  the  same  with  the  Corybantet  and  Idmi 

'thej  would  sare  him.     This  hap-  Daetyli,    Of  ad  tmd  labor.     Scc  llUsuprm. 

0  be  his  own  aon.  The  father,  how-  The  Curetet  are  said  to  have  becn  tiie  ori- 
erformed  his  vow.  A  plague  soon  g^inal  inhabitanta  of  Crete  ;  from  whom  tht 
in  his  coontry,  and  his  subjects  con-  island  probably  took  its  naine. 

1  him  to  have  been  the  cause  of  it  by  132.  Molior:  in  the  sense  of  extruo. 
luman  deed,  rose  against  him,  and  133.  Pergameam.  Pliny  mcntions  Per» 
il  him  from  his  kingdom.  Litora  de»  gamut^  among  the  cities  of  Crcte.  Jfomor 
Lbo  shores  to  be  deaerted — lefl  with-  calls  it,  the  hundred-city  island.  It  is  said 
oard,  or  detence.  to  havf  had  a  hundred  citics.  Gentrm  Itt- 
Sedet  relieiat  adtiare :  thatthecoun-  tam:  mj  peop^e  dcliffhtcd  with  tlie  name. 
if  abandoned,  lies  open  to  us.  Sedet:  Ocntem^  in  tlie  sense  ofpopulum^  vcl  soeiot. 
mm  of  n;gtonec«  134.  Amare  foeot:  to  lovo  their  homes» 
Or^ggim,  The  ancient  name  of  De-  to  kecp  clone  at  homc,  and  not  wander 
'  Oriygia^  from  a  Greek  word  signi-  abroad,  until  they  should  discover  tlie  dis- 
qnail :  thoee  fowla  having  aboundcd  pottition  of  the  inhabitants  towards  them. 
i^Und.  This  agret^  with  the  following  injunction : 
Batehaiam:  frequented  in  its  moun-  attoilere  areem  teetit^  to  raise  a  tower  on 
»j  the  priests  of  Bacchus — whose  thcir  houses  in  case  of  an  attack,  tlie  better 
ins  reeounded  with  the  tumultuous  to  defend  themselves. 

s  of  the  Bacchanals.     Viridem  Do'        Servius   thinks   iEneas   here  intonds  to 

Thia  island   was   famous   for  its  recommend  to  his  people  to  cultivate  tho 

juiile,  as  Parot  was  for  its  pure  whiie  study  of  religion.    Ii  is  an  unnecessarj  ra* 

8ee  75  supra.  finement     Foeot :  properly  the  fire-plaoM|^fl 

CjKiaiiaa  apartag.     These   were  a  or  hearth,  by  synec.  put  for  the  whole  ■^oM^^H 

01  Mandi»  eo  caOed  from  a  Greek  in  this  place :  also  Bometimoa  Cot  Ua  %i%  4l^H 

gBi^nf  m  tiniep  baciiiiie  tbaj  laj  ih^  heaxth,  h j  meton* 


mai 


95y  P.  VIRGILll  MARONIS 

136.  Juventus  operata  Conniibiis  arvisque  novis  operata  jurentus  ' 
ett  connubiis  jm^  domosqiie  dabam :  subitd  ciHm  tabida  men 

daiul-  mt  trrril  Gorrupto  ccbU  tractu,  misem„*.que  venit 
eurrupto,   veiiit    eorum  Arbonbusque  satisque  lues,  et  letirer  annus. 
inembris,    arboribuRquo  Linquebant  dulces  animas,  aut  2egra  trahebant 
■atitque,  ot   annus  tst  Corpora  :  tum  steriles  exurere  Sirius  agros. 
^•^j^®''       .  Arebant  herbfe,  et  victum  seges  aE^gra  negabat. 

^  Ul.  SiriuB  c€tpu  exu-  ^^^^^^  ^^  orftchim  Ortygiffi  Pha«bumque  remei 

143.    Paler    hortatur  Hortatur  pater  ire  mari,  veiiiamque  precari : 
me  ire  rursus  ad  oracu-  Quem  fessis  finem  rebus  ferat ;  unde  laborum 
•w«n  Tentare  auxihum  jubcat ;  qud  vertere  cursus. 

145.  Et  quarere  quem      j^q^  erat,  et  terris  animalia  somnus  habebat. 

*"*  Effieries  sacrse  Divftm,  Phrygiique  Penates, 

160.  Visi  tunt  adstare  Q^os  mecum  k  Troj4  mediisque  ex  ignibus  urfc 
ante  oculos  mei  jacentia  Extuleram,  visi  ante  oculos  adstare  jacentis 
insomnis  Insomnis,  multo  manifesti  lumhie :  qui  se 

153.  Tum  sic  vui  tunt  piena  per  insertas  fundebat  Luna  fenestnis. 

r^^^Auoll      a  *t  hl   '^^^  *'^  afTari,  et  curas  hi.«»  demere  dictis  : 
ideni  "quod^  dkt^ur^us  est  Q"^  ^^»  delato  Ortygiam  dicturuB  Apollo  est, 
iibi  delato  ad  Hic  canit :  et  tua  nos  en  ultrd  ad  limina  mittit. 

156.  Noa  secuti  sumut  Nos  te,  Dardani4  incensd,  tuaque  arma  secuti ; 
te,  tuaque  ^^g  tumidum  sub  te  permensi  classibus  aBquor 

m  JVm  udem  tolle-  jj^j^^^  venturos  tolleinus  in  astra  nepotes, 

159.  Imperium  orbit  ImperiuuKjue  urbi  dabimus.  Tu  mcenia  magn 
fica  urbk  Magna  para,  longum(|ue  fugae  ne  linque  labora 

NOTES. 

136.    Jurentut    operata  :    tlie  youth  had  whcn  the  hoat  of  the  lun  is  m 

■acrificcd  fur  their  nuptialR,  and  ncw  laiids.  It  iK  Roiiiotiinos  called  canirula» 
They  werc  prepured   for  contracting  niar-         142.  JE^raseget:  ihe  diaeaM 

riage!^  and  for  commencing  tlie  busincss  of  crop — corn. 
agriculturc.  144.  Precari  veniam:   to   su 

It  was  a  custoin  among  the  Roinans  to  favor,  or  assistance. 
offer  sacrifices   bcfore    thcy   cntcrcd   upon         145.  Fcssis  rebtts :  to  our  afi 

marria{To,  or  any  important  business  of  lifo.  or  condition.     Ferat:  in  the  sen 

To  tliiSf  the  poct  alludcs.     Sacr{ticabant  pro  Laborum  :    distret»— sufferings. 

felici  succfjssu  conjuc^orum,  et  aerorum.  in  Ihe  sense  of  quoirere. 

131.  Dttbam:  in  ihe  »en9C  ordistribucbam.         146.    Auxilium   laborum:    n 

Jura :  jUKtice  amonij  my  pcoplo.     Domos :  suifcrin^s. 

eithcr  tho  housos  that  had  becn  abandoncd         14o.  F.ffigies :  formi,  or  figfur 

by  the    inhul>itants;    or   the    places  whcre  Bnys  statuo'.     Penaiet,     See  iEo 
they  should  build  houses  for  tlicmselvcs.  151.  Insomnis:  awako;  an  ai 

129.  Tdhida  mistrandaque:  awastingand  with  mei  Jacr.ntis.      Most  edito 

pitiablc  diseasc  camc  upon  tliuir  limbs,  &c.  thc  word  into  in  and  somnis^  ii 

This  diseasc,  or  pla^e,  was  occasioncd  by  This  is  ovidently  incorrect :    fa 

the  infcction  of  thc  air.     CaH :  in  thc  scnso  becn  aslcep.  tho  light  of  the  n 

of  aeris.     Tractu  :  a  space,  tract,  or  rc^ion,  have  becn  unnecessary.     Beside 

Satis.      Sata^    properly,    crops — any    thing  infrn.  hc  dcclares  it  was  no  doU 

planted  and  ^owing ;  from  Uie  verb  sero.  fancy  in  slccp.     Manifesti :  in  t 

Here,  in  ihe  sense  of  segetes.  conspicui. 

140.  Jtnimas :  lives.  Anima  properly  \r}2.fnsertasfmestrat:  windo 
■igrnifies  tiio  aniinal  lifc  ;  aniinuss  the  soii!.  or  inade  in  the  sidc  of  the  house, 
Dr.  Trapp  thiiiks  tho  expression  an  odd  cmo,  quo'.  sunt  in  pariete^  says  Hcyno. 
and  proposes  to  chango  tinffurhant  to  rcd-  se:  ih  tlio  sense  of  mitlebat  i 
debant.     Riin>iis  says,  amittebant.     The  dif-  shone. 

ilculty  is  rcinovejl  bv  rendcring  rfM/rcj  ani-  1.'>4.  Delato :    carricd    back,  4 

MOf,  Hweet,  or  doar  lives.  to  Delos.     Canit :  declarcs,  or  n 

141.  Sirius:  thc  dojj-star;  a  pcstilential  160.  Para  niagna  :  prepare  a 
ooaitellation,  risitig  about  the  end  of  July,  Popults^  or  some  word  of  the  lik 


iENElS.     LIB.  Ifl. 

jes:  Dun  hacc  tibi  litora  nuaBii 

Jretie  jussit  considcre,  Apollo. 

!esperiam  Graii  cognomine  dicnnt ; 

:a,  potens  armis  atque  ubere  glebaB. 

jere  viri  :  nunc  fama,  minores  163      165.   Nane  ftma  m 

se,  ducis  de  nomine,  gentem.  minores  diiisM  i^mUm 

-opriie  sedea :  hinc  Dardanus  ortus,  167.  Hinc  Ibijum  or 

ilcr  ;  genus  k  quo  princii)e  nostruia  ^  'V'  paterque  DtrdB- 

^  *        t    A      1  j*  i  A-  nui,  a  quo  principe  no*» 

ethajclaetuslongievodictaparenti  ^^    ^„j;    dtdudufsi 

nda  refer.  /'Corytum,  terrasque  require  170  et/. 

>icta?a  ncgat  tibi  Jupiter  arva. 

;tonitus  visis  ac  voce  Deorum,  .^^.  o  j   -j  u       -i- 

illud  eral;  sed  corim  agnoscere  vultus,  agno«cere  vultu.  coimm 

;omas,  pnesentiaque  ora  videbar :  m«,  veUtasque 

NOTES. 

K>d,  with  which  tnagnit  ia  to  ritania  in   Africa;    who  marriod    Coritos, 

uf  powerful  people.     Magnis  king  of  Tuscany.     It  is  said,  howevcr,  that 

s  Heyne.     Rueus  hath  nobu  Jove  had   an  amour  with  her,  and  bcgat 

us  the  groat  gods.     Longum  Dardanus.     Upon  the  death  of  their  father 

;  the  same  as  labarem  longa  Coritus,  a  quarrel  arose  between  tho  two 

»r,or  fatigueof  the  longvoyage.  brothcrs,  which  ended  iu  *he  death  of  liisius. 

in  tho  sense  of  refrio,     l'he  Upon  wliich  Dardanus  flcd  first  to  Samo- 

besupplied.    J^Ton  sua»it  fute :  thracia,  and  aflerwards  to  Phrygia,  where 

3  does  not  advise,  or  recom-  he  married  the  daughter  of  Tvuccr,  and,  in 

lores  to  thce.  connezion  with  him,  founded  the  Trojaa 

:  at  Crcte.    The  place  where  race. 

en.    The  same  with,  tn  CVf /a.  170.  Corytum:    a  city  and  mountain  in 

une,  and  epithet  of  ApoUo;  Tuscany,  so  called  from  Coryttu^  tlie  sup- 

le  place  of  his  birth.  posed  father  of  Dardanus,  and  king  of  thal 

ctu,    This  pasMge  had  been  country.    The  name  is  derivcd  from  a  Greek 

0  by  Ilioncus,  ^n.  i.  530.    As  word  which  signifles  a  helmet.     Both  the 
words  of  the  oracle,  it  would  city  and  mountain  are  now  calicd  Cortontu 

isrespectful   and   improper  to  Hequire,     Heinsius,  and  afler  him  Heyno, 

tho  least:  besides,  Dido  would  rcads  requirat,     But  require  is  the  common 

irmed  in  the  truth  of  ^neas*  readiiig,  and  is  the  easier. 

1  sho  found  two  witnesscs  dc-  171.  Jiwoni(u:  an  adj.  from  Amonia^% 
testimony  in  the  same  words.  name  of  Italy ;  from  Auson^  or  .^ujoniia, 

I  sense  otregio,  as  Servius  informs  us.     Dutva  arva :  tho 

*ti :  an'  adj.  from  (Enotria^  a  Cretan  territory,  or  lands.     Crcto  is  called 

>  that  part  o€  Italy,  aflorwards  Dieta-an^  from  Diete^  a  mouiitain  on  tbat 

io.      It  took   its  name   fnim  island,  where  Jupiter  was  edacatcd;  put,  by 

son  of  Lvcaon,  who  scttlcd  syncc.  for  the  whole  island. 

colony   of  Arcadiaiis.      Tho         172.  TaiilnuvuiM:   at  such  a  vision,  or 

iroad  so  widely,  that  all  Italy  sight. 

ps  called  (Enotria,     (Enotrii         173.  AVe  topor  erat^  &c.     Dr.  Trapp,  and 

the  (£notrians.  some  other  commentators,  imagine  a  difli- 

im.  nobit :  destined,  or  allottcd  culty  occurs  hero.     To  solve  it,  thny  make  t 

'ods.     The  verb  tuni  is  to  be  difTerence  between  topw  and  tomniu,     But 

r.  Davidson  takes  proprite  iii  thisdifficulty  arisesentirelyfrointhcirtakiikf 

perpetute,      Rusus  says,  ad'  insomnit  to  mean,  in  sleep,  and  not  takinf  it 

as  an  adj.     See  verse  151,  supra. 
.*    hence   Iksius  sprang,  and         174.    Velatat  eomat:  the   hcads   of  the 

iiis;   from  which   prince   our  images,  or  statues,  were  generally  adomed 

I.    Prineipe  here  is  a  sub.  a  with  fillcts  and  flowers.     Ora  prtueniia 

)f— A  fonnder.    The  construc-  their  forms  present  before  me.     We  see  how 

uid  more  natural  by  connect-  much  pains  the  poet  takes  to  make  us  be- 

I  Dttrdamu.    In  this  instance  lieve  that  it  was  no  dream — ^no  mere  ikiicy. 

ed  to  depart  firom  the  common  He  mcntions  a  variety  of  circumstancen,  iJl 

and  Dardaniis  were  sons  of  of  which  go  to  show  that  JLnoam  w»  awmket 

angliter  of  Atlas,  king  of  Mau»  and  not  m  sleen. 


j|b4  P.  VIRGllJI  MARONIS 

Tum  gelidiis  toto  manabat  corpore  sudor) 
Corripio  e  stratis  corpus,  tendoque  supinafl 
Ad  ca^lum  cum  voce  manus,  et  munera  libo 
Intemcrata  focis.     Perfecto  Istus  lionore 

179.  CortiuD  dt  hu  Anchisen  facio  certum,  remque  ordine  pando. 
^^  Agnovit  prolem  ambiguam,  geminoeque  parenl 

181.  Seqae  deceptam  Seque  novo  vetenim  deceptum  errore  locorum 
•■■*  ^^''^  Tum  memorat :  Nate,  Iltaci»  exercite  fiitis, 

Sola  mihi  tales  casus  Cassandra  canebat. 
IS^^H^^h  ^^^  ^  Nunc  repeto  h»c  generi  portendere  debita  noii 
!S!rLrno.S^  geneiT;  ^^  «®P®  Hesperiam,  8«pe  Itala  regna  vocare. , 
•t  tam  MBpe  vocare  ^^  Q^i^  ^^  HesperisB  venturos  litora  Teucroi 

Crederet  ?  aut  quem  tum  vates  Cassandra  moi 
188.Moaitino«sequA-  Cedamus  Pkcebo,  et  moniti  meiiora  Bequamur. 
Bw  meUora  eonaUia.       gj^  ^^^ .  ^^  cuncti  dictis  paremus  ovantes. 

Hanc  quoque  deserimus  sedem,  paucisque  relM 

Vela  damus,  vastumque  cavft  trabe  currimus  m 

Postquam  altum  tenuere  rates,  nec  jam  amp 

ItfS.  Sed  undiqae  ccb-  Apparent  terrae,  coelum  undique,  et  undique  pi 

Inm  tippartt^  et  Tum  mihi  cuiruleus  supra  caput  adstitit  iniber, 

Noctem  hyememque  ferens ;  et  inhomiit  unda 

NOTES. 

176.  Corripio:  I  match  my  bodj  from  their  descent  from  DardaBak 
mybed.    SiipiyuM.'  palmupward;  a^reeing    84,  et  seq. 

with  wuinut.  182.  Exeniie :  exercbed«  or  1 

177.  Libo  itUemerata :  I  pour  pure  offer-    disasten  of  Trov 

«.ually  po^urod  up„„  U.e  fire  inhonorof  th.    g^^^-  Jt^t^X'^'^ 

178.  Honorc  per/ecle:  the  offering  being  ^P^^  bcUeved  her  predicUoni 
»«dc,  or  comploUjd.  "iB^.' /J«,r/c:  I  remen.beP_I 

79.  Rem :  m  U.e  8en.e  of  prodigium.  p„undJl:  in  tbo  .en.e  ofpni 

180.  Qeminos  parentes:  tlie  double  foun-  ,.  ^j  ,^  #.  iL  . 
den.     The  Troja...  reckoned  both  Teucer    '"?oV"S      ,    ilTi^ .  kLJ 

»d  Dardanus  the  founden  of  their  race;    ..  V^?:  ^V"''^''Z\   ^'^L 
.*     c  r        r'    .     .u    1  ««     r        i*  i        u«  follow  better  couneels.     Thil 

Uje  former  frora  Cretc,  Uie  kttor  from  lUly.       ^  ,^  j  j^     j,  ^ 

ThuavU>^mprolem,  »mb.guou^  or  dou-  ^      ^      ._  ^^     ^  J^    „,, 

ble  doscent,  led  Anchises   to  mistake  the     r  n  ^^  /*  i     irods'^  •  Ukm?       /  '• 

oracle  of  Apollo.    Agnovit:   he  owned —      .    ^     V.  j  ?„...'.*:«  «u--*..*^-.*-. 
,         ,    1    'j  ^  cisni.     Cedamtu :  m  tho  senee  o 

ieknowledgcd.  . 

181.  JVoio  errore,  It  is  not  easy,  perhaps,  189.  Ovantes:  m  the  sense  ol 
to  fiz  the  nieaning  of  thii  line.  Pierius  in-  190.  Sedem :  in  thescnee  of  ii 
formi  U8  that  soine  copies  have  parentum  serimiis :  in  tho  eenBe  of  retinq% 
instead  of  locor\i.m^  which  mends  ii  much  :  191.  Cava  trabe:  in  thesenM 
throagh  the  recent  mistake  of  our  ancient  vibxis,  Currimut:  we  eail  upi 
foundere.  If  locorum  be  read,  it  will  be :  sca.  Trabe^  bj  aynec  put  m 
throu((h  Ihe  rcccnt  miatake  of  the  places  of  ship. 

their  birth.  192.  Altum:  properly,  the  di 

Apollo  had  directcd  thcm  to  seek  the  land  sea.  Rates :  in  the  aenae  of  m 
of  their  anccstoni,  promiBing  that  it  should         194.  Imber:  properly,  a  aho\ 

receive  thcm  in  it«  fcrtile  bosom.     This  An-  bv  nieton.  tiie  cloud  containinf 

chises  had  interpretod  of  the  land  of  Crete,  aionj;  the  rain,  as  in  the  preae 

tho  birth-place  of  Teucor.     It  appears,  then,  Cvruleus^  is  what   we  may  ■ 

that  this  mistake  lay   in  reckoning  thcir  leadcn-colored.    CIoud8,tluitttll 

deecent  from  him,  and  not  from  Dardanus,  der  ond  rain,  are  oflen  tin{[ed . 

whoM  country  had  been  Italy.     This  niis-  blue,  intorminglcd  with  black. 

tttke  in  computin^  he  calls  novus^  a  recent^  kind  of  cloud  here  meanU 
or  new  one    because  they  usually  deduced        196.  Uyemm:  in  the  Moae  j 


iENEIS.    LIB.  ni.  ^\ 

iu6  Tenti  Tolvunt  mare,  magnaque  surgunt        196 

ra  :  dispersi  jactamur  gurgite  vasto. 

^re  diem  nimbi,  et  nox  humida  ccelum  1(6   Abttulii  cttUun 

lit :  ingeminant  abruptis  nubibus  ignes.  ^  no^ 

imur  cursu,  et  caecis  erramus  in  undis.  200 

iem  noctemque  negat  discemere  coelo,  •^**  Negatte^otftdi»- 

leminisae  viae  medlA  Palinunis  in  undA.  oomer* 

ided  incertos  caecA  caligine  soles 

ms  pelago,  totidem  sine  sidere  noctes 

0  terra  die  primum  se  attollere  tandem  206     ®J^'   Ten»  Tiia  cti 
aperire  procul  mootes,  ac  volvere  fumum.  taudom  AttoUere  ee,  ei 
^unt ;  remia  insurgimus :  haud  moni,  nautse  ^*  Haud  mora  tfi 

i  torquent  spumas,  et  ccerula  verrunt.  208.   Verrunt  ccBrala 

vatum  ez  undis  Strophadum  me  litora  primikm         mana 
iunt^    Strophades  Graio  stant  nomine  dicte     210      210.    Inifule,    6kim 
5  Ic^o  in  magno  :  quas  dira  Cel»no,  Strophade.    Grmio   no. 

leque  colunt  ame  :  Phmeia  postquam 

NOTES. 

1  nrweeBaau    Unda ;  in  the  eenee  of    exerting  themielvee— .aboring  with  all  theii 
fnknrrmt :  looked  terrific  with  the    etrength,  they  toas  the  foam,  and  iwecp  the 

•e.  azure  deep. 

^quora :  in  the  aenee  oifluetut,  209.  Liiora  Strophadum :  the  ahorei  of  the 

inioivire:  wrapped  up  the  day— ob-  Strophades.    Those  were  two  small  ialanda« 

JVim^t :  in  the  ■enee  ofnubet,     So  lying  on  the  weat  of  Uie  Peloponncsus,  near 

i&er,  in  Terae  194,  iupra.     So  imper-  the  Sinut  Cyparitsaut.     Here  iEncaa  with 

rae  thia  cloud  to  the  raye  of  the  suri*,  his  fleet  landed. 

became  dark  aa  night — ^it  cunvertcd  211.    Magno  lonio.     That  part  of  the 

r  into  night.     Darkness,  or  night,  be-  Mediterranean,  lying  between   Grccce  on 

'  abeence  or  want  of  the  light  of  the  the  east,  and  Siciljr  and  Italy  on  the  woet, 

Humida:  in  the  sense  of  imbnfera,  waa  called  the  lonian  lea.    Mari  is  to  b<i 

.-  for  iueetn.  supplied. 

Ignee:  lightningB,  in  quick  succes-  212.  Harpyite  aliet,    The  Harpies  were 

ash  from  the  broken  clouds.     Some  commonly  reckoned  three  in  numbcr :  /rtt, 

hare  abrupiit  agreeing  with  ignet;  AtUo^  and  Oeyptta,     Virgil  here  calls  ont 

would  be  preferable,  if  it  could  be  of  them  Celano,    They  are  said  to  have 

ted  by  sufBcient  authority.  been  the  daughters  of  Neptune  and  Terra, 

ExeuOMur:  in  the  sense  of  dejiei'  (according   to    Hesiod,   of  Thaunms  and 

Cccif  .*  dark — unknown  sea.  Eloctra,)  and  are  therefore  supposed  to  in- 

Paiinurue  ipte :    Palinurus  himsclf  Labit  the  jslands  principally.     Thcy  had  the 

thmt  he  ean  distinguish  the  day  and  facos  of  women,  but  the  bodies  of  vultures. 

(the  day  from  the  night,  on  account  Their  feet   and   fingers  were   armed  with 

darkness,)  In  the  heavens.    Memi'  claws.     They  emittcd  an  infectious  smell, 

in  the  eonse  of  eognoteere,    He  was  and  poisoned  whatevcr  they  touched.   They 

Bt  of  £neas*  ship,  and  represented  as  were  called  Harpyia^  from  the  circumstance 

st  skilful  mariner  in  the  flect.  of  thuir  rapacity  and  voracious  nature.   Ser- 

J§dei  erramut :  thus  we  wander  ovcr  vius  thinks  they  were  called  Harpyue  OB 

a  for  three  doubtful  days  in  thick  earth,  Furiet  in  hell,  and  Dirte  in  hnavcn« 

■B.    Or,  ineertot  may  mean,  uncer-  Phineia :  an  adj.  from  Phineuty  a  king  of 

u&diitingoished ;  because  thoy  could  Arcadia  or  Thraco,  who  put  out  the  eycs  o' 

roelr   dutinguished  from   night,  on  his  two  sons.  at  the  instigation  of  his  wife, 

t  of  the  thick  darkness.    This  is  the  their  step-moiher.    For  this  unnatunil  con- 

lat  opon  the  words  by  Ruieus  and  duct,  Jove  deprived  him  of  sight,  and  sent 

J§mbiguat  propier  tenebrat  obteurat^  tjie  Harpyias  to  torment  them ;  which  they 

ti  commentator.    Soies:  in  the  sense  did,  tiU  Calais  and  Zetes,  the  sons  of  Bo- 

reas  and  Orithyia,  ezpellcd  tliem  fruni  >iis 

Woere :  in  the  eenM  of  emtilere^  or  kmgdom,  in   rctum   for  the  favors  which 

they  liad  received  of  him  on  their  wsy  t«i 

inntrgimu»  ymit :  we  rise  upon  our  Colchu*,  af\er  the  golden  fleece.     Thoy  pur- 

re  pljr  tbem  briakly.  sued  these  monsters  as  far  as  these  islands ; 

JUmixi :  part.  of  the  verb  adniior :  when,  being  admonished  by  Jo^  \o  ^ttiwMa 


P.  VJiGlli:  \LlRON13 

T.i.    ?-  ■*  i   i.ii-t  *\a  --4  :•:—  j-  r.-fisL^.  _^  =i».t^  litjweir  prii 
•**-**  •-*■  -^'  Tr  t'.  _?  1.1 .:  .  -=  11  .-.>•.••  _r:i.  riec  ssrior  uiia 

r-.T--  "t:  _n  L»^..-  ^";  J^  =C"a<  extuiit  untlu. 

'-'    ''  -  ■"•  V  ■  "  "^*"  ■'  ..-i.i.*.  • :.- :r-r-  ■:  ..:-=,  ^^rci^nm  Tentris 
.^•r--.    r.-..    .  •{-  .*  .  p -.--.;,  _'.<:*--. -■T  i-^-s.  e:  p&ljda  semijer 

H-:  -ii  oeli'j  :;<:r:':s  ir.tnrimus  ;  ecce 
Ls"-*  >:-l:  :.i*«ji:  cai.i:-:?  amiecta  videmus, 
r*:"-!----*  ".-*  ^iL.-.g-rr. -Tii--*  j-«:-«.  r.ul-»j  custode.  pcr  herbai 
-•  •^r.-i^  ;*r  -rr.'-.--»  Irr.l.\.-5  Zktto.  e:  Di-.«;«?  :j«>umque  Tocanius 
.ram  th.  '*  <-  .•.-...*.    i.--  j.  .^,^,-.-jj  ^tritis:.';':';^  Jovem  ;  tunc  litore  cur?< 

Ex:rj:L--j.,;i;e  tvrco,  cipib:j94]ue  epuiamur  opiin 
A:  :-b/3t  Lomf.co  Laiisu  de  montibus  adsunt 
H^rpjix.  e:  magni?  «^jatiunt  clangoribus  alaa  : 
Diriptuntque  dapes.  coniactuque  omnia  fcFdant 
S23.   Tum   c.Tx  toz  Irrimundo :  tum  tox  tetrum  dira  inter  odorem. 
ora/  lUiM  ii.x^t  Kurj  jm  in  swesau  lonsro.  sub  nipe  caTat4« 

930.  .Vojcircujnciiiu»!  .Vrbuhbu^  ciauai  circiim  atque  horrentibus  lunb 
M^onau»  Instruimus  mensas.  ariM^ue  reponimus  ignem. 

Kur*um  ex  di^erso  cutli.  caecisque  latebriai,      ^ 

Turba  sonans  pntdam  pedibus  circumvolal  HDc; 

PoJiuit  ore  dafie«.     S(x:iis  tunc.  anna  capesaaii 

S36.    Faciunt    haud  ^*^^^^'  ^t  dira  bellum  cum  gente  gerendum. 

■wiiiac  jutfainini  Haud  secus  ac  jua<i  faciunt,  tectosque  per  herb 

NOTKS. 

them   no    farlhcr,  they  retumed.      Hence  dapibvu :  upon  the  rich,  ot  delii 

they  wcre  cailcd  Strophadti^  from  a  Greek  See  231,  infra. 

word    iiiiplylug    a  reiurn.      Their  former         2;25.  Laptu :  motion.      t^dra: 

naiiie  \Aiui  i^luto!.     Ilere  the  Harptfia  took  Rcntfe  of  a</r«niuK/,  vel  adrofafii. 

up  tlifir  rc*Mdeiii:o.     Tliiii  Bcrvcii  to  explain         2*26.  A!af[nu  eiangoribua:  wit] 

dio  wordii,  poslffuam  Phineia  domus :  atlcr  noise.     Some  copiea  havo  plan 

tJicy   were    ejLpellf.-d    froni    the    palace    of  Piorius  inforins  us. 

['hinuuH.  227.  Diripiunt :  in  the  Bense 

21-1.  Ilaud  tristius:  thnre  is  not  a  monster         230.  Horrtnlibua :  in  the  sen» 

moru  ri.'ll  ih:iri  ilicy  ;  nor  aiiy  more  cruel  pest  Sfcetau  longo ;  in  a  long  retrea' 

and  scour^e  (tra)  uf  thu  gods,  &c.     Est^  is  mote  place. 
andorstood  231.  Jnttruimut  menitu:  we 

215.    S*ifj^u  undis:   from  the  watem  of  tahles. 
Biyx.     T\m  was  a  tahuluus  rivcr  of  lle!l,         232.    Ex  diverto  cceli:    Crom 

around  which,  the  poctH  say,  it  fiowed  nine  quarter  of  the  sky,  aud   from  ' 

times.     Tho  ^ods  hold  its  waters  in  great  rctrcats.     The  word  iraetu  is  to 

▼eneration.     If  thoy  swore  by  it,  the  oath  with  divnrso:  \n  the  sense  of  d 

was  iiiviolahlc.     It  is  said  to  have  derived  ectli,     The  Mythologists  make  * 

iti  uanio  frdin  tho  uyniph  5/vx,  wlio  assisted  only   threc    in    nunibcr.      Virg 

Jupitor  iii  tlie  war  against  Uie  giants.     See  spcaks  o{'  them  as  being  numer 

Goor.  iii.  551.  them  turba  and  gem^  so  that  thc 

217.  Proluviet  ventrit:  a  most  offcnsive  lefl  one  part  of  the  Island  ihan 

oflluz  of  tho  bolly.     Ora  temper paUida:  zn6  troubled  with  thein  in  another. 

their  faces  always  pale  tlirough  hunger.  poots  do  not  always  conform  t 

S20.    Lmta :    in   tJie    sense  of  pinguia^  or   fabulous   tradiUon,   farther 

•greeing  with  armenta,  their  design. 

S23.  /n  partem  pradamifpu :  for  in  partem        233.  Pradam,    This  I  t&ke  for 

IpnHte^  by   hendiadis.      It  wae  a  custom  or  flcsh  in  general ;  whlle  dapet 

aniuiig  the  Ronians  when  thej  went  out  to  portion  of  it    dressod,  and    pr 

war^  or  to  the  chaae,  to  tow  io  consocrate  eaiing.      Polluit :    spoils — or   d 

■  pari  of  ihe  apoila,  or  booty,  to  the  gods.  the  mouth.    Sonant^  flapping  th 

yVaaWMt/  wa.jBfiihHta  gods«  and  Jove  whizzing. 

g^    ^Jrfico ;  in  theaense  ofju 
OjptMU        236.   Faeiuni  Kayd:   thej  di 


XNEIS.     L1U    111.  251 

iiit  pnses,  el  scuta  Idteiitia  condunt. 

bi  flciapsas  sonituin  per  curva  declrre  t38.  Ubi  Haipyic  d« 

d«it  si^num  s|)ccul&  Misenus  ab  altA  lapM» 

vo  :  invadunt  socii,  et  nova  praelia  tentant,      240 
las  pelagi  ferro  fcedare  volucres. 
]ue  virn  plumis  ullam,  nec  vulncra  tergo 
mt :  celerique  fug4  sub  sidera  Iapsa.>, 
m  pnedam  et  vestigia  fcrda  rclinquunt. 
praicelsA  consedit  rupe  Celjeno,  245    .^Vr*''^.*^  **""  ^* 

•  t  tlS»   UllOllZ    V&tetl,  CODM* 

ratcs,  rumpitque  hanc  pectore  vocein  :  ^jj^  l„ 

ctiam  pro  ca;de  bouin  stratisque  juvencis,  24B.  Paratifi.no  intbrr* 

Jontiada^,  bellumne  infcrre  paratis  ?  bellum  nobu^  eiiain  b^l- 

io  insontes  Harpyias  pellere  regno  ?  *"'"»  inquam,  pro  c»df 

e  ergd  animis  atque  hojc  mea  fiij ite  dicta  :        2a0     1I?J    ^  1- 

L    u         *  •      .  •.  •  i^u    1         A      II  251.  E&ro  maxima  ta* 

hcBbo  pater  omnipotens,  mihi  Phujbus  Apollo         TiMTum  pando  vobie  eo, 

it,  vobis  furiarum  ego  mfixima  pando.  que  Omnipotens  patei 

cursu  petitig,  ventisquu  vocatis        y^  pradixit  PhoBbo,  r/  PHod- 

aliam,  portusque  intrare  lic^^it.  ™  ^^^^^^  priBdixii  mi- 

1  anj  daum  cingeUs  mcEnibus  urbem,  255    ^^.^    ^^       j^  ^^^ 

ro8  dira  fames,  nostra;que  injuria  c»dis,  daUmrotwmoBnibuiai:- 

LS  subigat  malis  ahsumere  mensas.  t^uam  dira  fames 

NOTES. 

in  they  are  eommandvil — they  do        fn  calling  them  the  tont  of  Laomedom, 

tej  are  commanded.  Celeno  reproaches  tliem  av  bcing  impioua, 

Comduni:   thej  hide  thoir  shiclds,  uniuBt  and  faithless,  like  that  prince,  who 

d  among  the  graae.    Lntentia:  in  did  not  keep  his  promiaei  oven  with  thc 

iofoeeuUa.    Dtlapta:  in  the  Bense  gods.     See  Geor.  i.  502. 
mUt*  248.  Laomtdontiada :  a  patronymic  iioun 

ipeeula,    Thia  waa  an  elovaUd  spot,  from  Laomedon^  the  father  of  Friam,  and 

,  commanding  a  wido  prospect.     It  king  of  Troy.     The  samo  with  Trojani, 
d  from  the  old  verb  speeio,     Hence        249.    Pairio  regno :    from   our  ptUmal 

tpeeuior.    Signum:  tho  signal  for  kingdom.     TAis  is  said,  bocause  S^ptunc, 

■k.  Uicir  father,  had  tho  ompirn  of  the  sea,  and 

reniani  nova :  and  try  a  new  kind  the  islands. 

JEre:  tmmpet:  see  111.  iupra.  250.  Accipite:  hear — attend  to. 

nm:  in  the  sense  of  ieium.    The        252.   Maxima  funarum.     Ser^ius  infera 

i^snemu  is  added  to  those  burds,  fjom  this  passage  that  the  Harpicj  and  liie 

waoae  they  were  of  bad  omen ;  or  puriet  were  the  same.    Pando :  in  tlie  senae 

hy,  and  to  be  abnorred  on  accoant  ^f  explieo. 
nasUnesB.    Fotdart:  the  primanr        a.r    w\\         •     «i.  c 

of  tbi.  word  ia,  /0  mangl^o  eii        f^^5^"/~  *  ""  ^**^  ■*~*  ""^  coneeuam. 

-^makehatoeef.    Hencethepro-  "f^^  P^^i^^- 

'  iU  being  cmuiected  with /erro.  ^*  Dirafnmet:  diroful  hunger,  and  tlie 

[dattt:  fljing — ahooting  awaj.  injury  (done  lo)  of  our  race,  forces  you  to 

kmeoam:  h^feaUn.    Of  #«iii,  and  consumo  your  «rnawed  trcnchcn».    MaHs: 

the  verb  etfe.  i**  ^^®  sense  of  deniibuM.     Injuria  ttottrei 

t^elix.   ABfeUx  sometimes  si^rniiiei  ^«f<'"-    This  injury  consisted  in  killing  their 

la,  &Torable,  aospicious;  so  infelix  cattlo;  and  in  makuig  an  attack  upoii  them. 
ei  aifnilies  iil-hoding^  inautpieious^        257.  ^lbtumere  mentat,  &c.    The  sense  of 

ill-boding  prophetcea.    Hane  vo-  this  prediction  is  seen  from  iu  accomplish- 

same  p*  hete  va^a,  ineat  in  tlie  svvcnth  book,  verse  116.     The 

're  eetde :   for   (in  retam  for)   the  stoiy  is  not  merely  a  poetical  invention ;  it 

r  of  our  catlle,  and  bullocki  slain.  was  a  hisUrical  tradition.     Dionvsiui  and 

cm  to  the  crime  of  killing  our  herdi  Straho  say  that  Ailneas  had  received  a  re* 

Df  oau  property ;  do  you  prepare  sponse  from  an  Oracle,  foreteUing  that  be- 

irv  afainst  ua,  and  U  drive  ut  from  fore  he  came  to  a  settlement  in  Italy,  k 

■mJ  lealnn,  who  have  done  you  no  should  be  reduced  to  the  nocessity  of  eatin| 

hani,  and  ara  in  erery  respect  in-  his  trenchers,  mentat.    Varro  m.\a  V\«  i%- 

ceived  it  from  the  Oncle  of  Dodoiui  ukli^ik- 

18 


S58  P-  VIRGILll  MARONIS 

Dixii :  el  in  sylvani  pennis  ablata  refugiL 
At  sociis  subitA  gelidus  formidine  sanguia 
860.  Earum  animi  oe-  Dirigiiit :  cecidere  animi :  nec  jam  ampliiks  anoi 
ddfiT^:  necjaniampliai  g^  ^^^jg  precibusque  juDent  exposcere  pacem, 

annif.8ed  Totia  ^*^®  Deae,  seu  sint  dirae  obscoenieque  volucrea/ 

At  pater  Anchises,  passis  de  litore  palmis, 
Nuinina  magna  vocat,  meritoaque  indicit  lionorei 
865.   InquU :   O   DU  Di,  prohibete  minas ;  D!,  talem  avertite  casum, 
prohibete  has  minM  •  Et  placidi  servate  pios.     Tum  litore  funem 
*•***  Diripere,  excussosque  jubet  laxare  rudentes. 

Tendunt  vela  Noti :  ferimur  spumantibus  undi 
Q\ih  cursum  ventusque  gubematorque  vocabant. 
Jam  medio  apparet  fluctu  nemorosa  Zacynthos, 
Dulichiumquc,  Sameque,  et  Neritos  ardua  saxk. 
874.  rrimboi^  cacumi.  Effugimus  scopulos  Ithac»,  Laertia  regna, 
aa  mmitii  Leucata  aj>e-  ^^  terram  altricem  s«vi  exsecramur  Ulyssei. 
rhmiur  eotupeetui  Mox  et  Leucatffi  nimbosa  cacumina  montis, 

NOTES. 

rai.    Virgil  puti  it  in  the  mouth  of  the  in  ■ailini;  from  the  Strtfhadet  to 

Harpjfia^  as  being   both   suitable   to   their  Fluetu :  in  the  Bense  oi  maru 

nature,  and  niore  apt  to  raise  Burpriso,  when  271.  Duiiehium,    Thia  ialand 

coming  from  them.     This  prophccy  receiv-  mouth  of  the  SinuM  CorinikiaeuM^ 

•d  ita  fulfihi«ent  in  the  foUowing  manner.  of  the  Eehinadet.  Hodie^  Doliehm 

llaving  arrived  in  Italy,  and  being  dcstitute  Samot:    hodie^  Cephalonia.    Tbi 

•fdishet,  they  were  forced  to  eat  their  mcat  fonned  a  part  of  the  kingdom  of 

or  flesh  upon  large  oval  cakcs,  inade  of  flour,  27:2.  lUateet,  iihaea  waa  a  veij 

which  thcy  uscd  for  brcad.     And  after  they  rocky  island,  between  Cephalom 

had  eaten  their  flesh,  they  eotuumed  l/ieir  Iickium^  tho  birth-place  ot  UlyaM 

eakes  also;  which  they  had  uscd  in  ihe  room  hc  is  called  ithaeui,     On  this  ia 

of  plate^  barren  and  rocky  moimtaiiv,  cali 

258.  Pennis:  in  the  sense  of  alis,    Jlbla-  Thc  word  issometimes  applied  ti 
ta :  in  thc  seiise  of  sublata,      t  island.     Seopuios  ithaeeu     This 

259.  San^uis  gelidus:  tho   blood  chilled  way  of  irony  and  contempt,  in 
through  suddon  tear,  grew  thick,  jcc.    Their  its  rocks  and  barrcnness.     He  ad 
blood  ccased  to  flow  in  its  ordinary  course;  regna^  the  realms  of  Laertes,     h 
the  hcart  being  unable  to  prupcl  it  to  the  ex-  of  that  island,  aiid  the  fatJicr  of  ^ 
treniities  witli  its  usual  forcc.  273.  Exteramur  terram:  we  c 

263-  Palmis  passit  de  litore :  in  tlie  scnse  land,the  nursc  (birth-place)  of  cn 

of  palmis  extmsis  de  tUore.  'i^hese  words  express  very  forcibl 

2^4.    Maffna   numina  :    ihe  great    gods.  talion  of  so  great  an  encmy  to  1 
fim  Gsor.  i.  498.     indicit:    aiid  appoints         274.  Leucatet  snontis :  the  cloi 

f  roper  bacriflces  or  oiTerings.  of  the  mounlain  Lucates.     Leua 

2id5.  Prohibtte:  in  the  seiise  o£  avertite,  vcl  Leueate^on  islaud  lying  vei 

Casufy:  calaniity — niisfortune.  coast  of  .'iramanui,  in  Epirus. 

266    Placidi:  in  the  sense  of  ;>/a«a/^  vel  .^aura,     It  is  said  to  have  onc 

6cfii|gTti.     Funem  :  the  cable.  nectod  with  the  niain  land.     It  tc 

267.  Diripere :  in  tlie  scnse  of  artUere.  froin  a  famoiis  white   inountaii 

Soine  copies  have  deripere :  which  is  tho  called  Leueate^  (from  a  Greek  * 

reading  of  lleyne.  fving  vhite^)  lying  at  the  southci 

Hudentes :    in   tlie   scnse   of  funes,     By  of  the  island.     It  was  supposed 

theso  we  arc  probably  to  undcnsiaiid  tliose  virtue  of  curing  despairing  lovcr 

ropea,  by  the  help  ot  which  the  i»ails  wcre  wor^t  to  cast  themsclves  frotii  it  i 

hoisted  and  (cpread — the  maiu  sheets.    They  .\niong  those  who  mado  the  ej 

had  alrtady  weighed  auchor :  tlioy  now  let  its  virtues,  was  the  celehrated  p 

off  the  »hoctj« — they  exteiided  Uic  sails,  and  phK  who  fell  in  love  with  Pitao 

IIm  wind  lilly  thoni.    flxcussos,  Heync  takes  tul  youth  of  Lesbos, 
Ikis  in  the  MeiiKo  of  ctulutas.  .\rcording  to  Strabo,  ApoIIo 

870.  Zacjfnthos,     .\n  island  in  the  lonian  ple  on  this  rock,  or  niGuntain^ 

Ma.#«n  the  wcst  of  tiie  Peio)»onne8Us:    //c-  a  hunian  vicum  waa  cast  year 

dHttJitrMie.     The  aouth  wincl  waa  necescw  *  «ea,  a;:^  a  sacrifice  to  thal  god. 


i 


t 


jENKIS.    LIB.  ift. 

fcmcdatiH  riatitis  aperitur  Apollo.  f75 

Bbdc  petiniUB  fessi,  et  p.irva;  succcdimus  urbi« 
Anchora  de  pror&  jacitur ;  stant  litore  puppes. 

Erg6  insperatA  tandem  tellure  potiti, 

LfOitramurque  Jovi,  votisquo  incendimus  aras .  | 

Aetiaque  lliacifl  celebramus  litora  ludis.  280 

Etereent  patrias  oleo  labente  palsstras 

Niidati  socii :  juvat  evasisso  tot  urbes 

Argolicas,  mediosque  fugam  tenuisse  per  hostes.  tse.    Fi^u    advetffki 

Intereli  magnum  Sol  cirRumvoIvitur  annum,  poflUbus  ttmpl'  cljrpemn 

Et  glacialifl  hyems  Aquilonibus  asperat  undas.  285  ^   ^T®  ere,  geitamen 

i    iEre  cavo  clypeum,  magni  gestamen  Abantis,  "^*^™^^"!:.*^  :T 

«k       .  1        •    /•  ^  no    rem    noe   carmmt: 

■^OBtiwis  adverau  ngo,  et  rem  carmme  signo  iEneae    nupendj    hM 

;    •^Snecw  hac  de  Danau  victoribus  arma,  arma  eapia 

NOTES. 

^  this;  or  on  aocount  of  tho  roughness  of  280.  ^eiia  litora,    The  poet  here  plainlj 

^I^  cout,  he  is  called  ApoUo  formidatut  alludee  to  the  famoui  pameB  which  Aufjrus- 

^•tflu  .*    Apollo  dreaded   bj  sailon.    The  tue  instituted  on  the  promontory  of  Epirus, 

•      ^ajiM  of  the  god,  put  bj  meton.  for  the  in  commemoration  of  his  victory  ovor  An- 

f      ^lUpia.    /fimboea :  some  copies  have  um-  thony  and  Cleopatra,  in  the  year  of  Romo 

U      "^"iiiii.  723.      These  were  celebrated   every    fif^h 

*:"-•       S76.  Hume,     This  may  refer  to  mount  year.    Hence,  some  have  conjectured,  that 

f^.      ■■•iwlg,  mentionod  before.      Or  we  may  four  years  had  now  elapsed  since  iEneas 

^ppoM,  with  more  probability,  that  ^noas  left  Troy.    Virgil  would  make  his  prince 

**Btmnnd   his  course   hence  to  the  Sintu  believe  that  JEneas  landed  on   this  shoro« 

^mkrmeiWt  where  there  was  the  small  city  and  instituted  these  very  games. 

^'     ^wftmctft,  (afterwards  enlarged  by  Augus-  SSl.  Exereeni patrias  :  they  practise  their 

;       t^  and  oaUed  ^ieonolit^  in  allusion  to  his  country^s  ezercises   with   the   slippery  oil. 

>  .    ^ietory,)  and   another  temple  of  Apollo.  The  paleuira  wss  an  ezercise,  in  which  tho 

^      Iff  wa  niake  this  supposition,  the  hune  may  persons  were  nakod ;  and,  thav  thev  might 

^    ^fcr  to  this  latter  temple,  or  to  the  god  to  freo  thcmselve   the  easier  from  the  hands  ot 

k      Wlioin  ii  was  dedicated.     Near  this  place  their  antaffov     i,  they  used  to  bcsmear  their 

p^     Aagiutus  afterwards  obtained   a  complete  bodies  and  arh^s  with  oil.     It  is  also  applied 

^ieUuy  over  the  eombined  forces  of  An-  to  all  kinds  of  games  or  ezercises,  such  ao 

tJiOBy   aad    Cleopatra,   qaeen    of   EgfypU  wrestlinir,  leapmg,  &c.      Also    the    placo 

^Vi  tJiu  vietory  the    poet  alludea,  with  a  where  these  ezercises  are  performed. 

>iow  to  comphment  his  prince.    Here  he  283.  Ft^am :  in  the  sense  of  eursumy  vel 

loMdod,  and  performed  those  ffames,  which  iter. 

Angiistus  ailerwards  instituted,  in  comme-  284.  Magnim  annum :  the  sun  coroplotee 

^orotion  of  his  victoiy ;    and  celebrated  (rolls  round)  a  gnni  year  :  a  solar  year  of 

^m/  fiAh  yeor.  12  months,  as  distinguished  from  a  lunar 

ST7.  PuppeM :  in  the  sense  of  naves.    Or  year,  which  consists  of  12  lunations,  or  354 

Ift  maj  implv  that  the  stems  of  his  ships  lay  days.     Cireumvolvitur^  is  plainly  in  theseuso 

«gfound,  while  the  prows  were  afloat.  This  of  eireumvolvU, 

io  Iho  opinion  of  Dr.  Trapp.  285.  Hyenu  atperai :  the  icy  winter  rough* 

978»  intperaia :  greatly  desired,  or  lon^d  ens.     Undat :  in  the  sense  of  mare. 

ftr*     The  prep.  in^  m  composition,  oflen  in-  286.  Oetiamen,    This  word  sigiiifiCM  any 

eraoaeo  the  signification  of  the  siniple  word,  covering — any  thing  woni  or  carried  by  a 

M  weU  as  changes  it  to  a  contrary  sense.  person ;  from  the  verb  getio.    Al  antit.     (t 

Tlie  fivrmer  I  take  to  be  the  case  here ;  the  is   probable  that  Abat  ■  was  one  of  those 

■HBO  ao  valdi  tperata.     For  aAer  the  manj  Greeks,  whom  ^neas  and  his  party  slew 

daiiforBand  perilsof  his  voyage,  what  could  in  tlie  ni^t  of  the  sack  of  Troy,  stript  of 

bo  rtiore  desirable,  than   to   find   a    place  tlieir  armour,  and  szchongcd  for  their  own. 

frimo  ha  could  land  in  safety,  aiid  cnjoy  Oetiamen,  is  put  in  appbsition  with  elypeum, 

iho  hoqiitality  of  tho  shore  ?  287.  Advertit  pottibtu :  the  frouting  door 

S7Q.   LuMtramtir  Jovi :   in    the  sens^  of  posts  of  the  tomple.     Figo :  in  the  scnse  of 

/oo».     'ineendimut  arat  voiu.  tutpendo.    Signo  rem  earmine:    I  declaro 

says,  rtmuiauau  arat  vietimit,     Fb-  t:>e  transactioii  bj  this  veree    Anscriptton, 

hf  ■uK  ibo  thing  vowed— the  victim.  Hem:  in  the  sense  ot/aehm 


S60  P.  VTRGlLll  MARONIS 

889.  Tuxn  juboo  foctoj  L.inqucre  tum  portus  jubco,  ct  considere  truifltrii 
J^<l**«w  Certatini  socii  feriunt  niare,  el  aiquora  veminL 

Protinus  acrias  Pha^acuni  absconilimus  arcOf 
Litoraque  Epiri  legimus,  portuque  subimus 
Clmonio,  ct  cclsam  Buthroti  ascendimuB  urbein. 
898.  Peutus  mcensum  Hic  incrcdibilis  rcrum  fama  occupat  auresi, 
ett  miro  Prianiiden  llelenum  Graias  regnare  per  urbes, 

361.   Tum  fort^  An-  Conjugio  ^^'^acidje  Pyrrhi  sceptrisque  potitum, 
dromache  libabat  cineri  ^^        j^  Androniachcn  iterum  cessisse  marito. 
Hectont    solemnes   da-  ^,  '         .         . 
oes,  et  tristia  dona,  ante  Obstupui :  nnroque  mcensum  pectug  amore 

urbem  in  lucoad  undam  Compellarc  viruni,  et  casus  cognoscere  tantos« 
lalsi    Simoentis,   voca-  Progredior  portu,  classes  et  litora  linquens. 
oatquo  Manes  ad  Hec-  Solemnes  tum  forte  dapes  et  tristia  dona, 

IIirn^^n^sJl^r^L^^i^iri?  Antc  urbcm,  in  luco,  falsi  Simoentis  ad  undam, 
uianem  sacraveral  i  vi-  •  .,    ,         •       •    *     i  i       ■»»  t   1 

ridi  cespite,  et  geminas  Libabat  cnien  Andromache,  Manesque  vocabat 

•ras,  eausam  laclirymis.  Ilcctoreum  ad  tumulum,  viridl  quem  cespite  inai 

NOTES. 

889.  TVanttrit :  upon  the  benches  or  kingdom,  and  gava  him  Androi 
thwarts.     Tney  extended  across  the  vessels    marriage. 

from  side  to  side  :    the  rowers  sat  upon  295.  Pria$niden:   the  mm  of 

tkem.  patronymic  noun. 

890.  Certatim:  eagerly — striving  to  out-  296.  ^aeida  Pyrrki:  of  Pjrnl 
do  one  another.  JEquora :  the  surface  of  sccndent  of^aetu,  He  was  kin| 
the  sea,  which  they  sweep  with  their  oars.  saly,  and  father  of  Peletu.  JSSaa 
JEfUor:  properly  any  plain  or  levol  surface,  name  both  of  »4ehiUet  and  Pyrrk 
whether  land  or  water.  It  is  here  used  in  jugio:  in  the  sense  of  lurore.  St 
ita  appropriate  sense.  tbe  sense  of  regno, 

291.  Phaarum:  of  the  Phsacian»-HM>  297.  Andnmaehen  eettiste:  tbi 
eallcd  from  Phteaeia^  an  island  lying  to  the  mache  again  had  fallen  to  a  husbi 
west  of  the  promontory  of  Actium.  Hodie^  own  country.  She  was  a  Theba] 
Corfu,  It  was  famoua  for  its  orchards.  by  birth;  but  by  marrying  Hec 
Here  Homer  placed  the  gardens  of  Alcinous,  became  her  country.  Palrio  wutr 
who  was  king  of  the  island.     AbMcondimut :  scnso  of  Trojano  marito, 

we  hide  the  aerial  towers,  &c.  we  lose  sight  298.  Miro :   in  the  sense  of  « 

of  them.  vehemmti.     Amore :  desire. 

292.  Legimut  Epiri :  wo  coast  along  the  299.  Tantot  eatut :  so  grcat  evi 
shores  of  Epirus.    Thls  wos  once  a  flourish-  a  wonderful  change  of  fortune. 
ing   kingdom,    boundcd    on    the    cast    by  301.  Tum  forli  libabat:  then 
Achaia   and   Thcssaly ;    on    the    north   by  Andromache  was  offering  the  ye 
Macedonia ;  and  on  thc  south  and  weRt  by  and  moumful  gifts  to  the  ashes 
the  lonian  sea.     It  was  dividcd  into  four  &c.     Among  other  funeral  ceren 
principal  parts;  ^tolia^  Acarnania^   Thet-  tho  custom  of  pouring    into,  oi 
protia^  and  Chaonia,     In  the  last  of  which  grave,   blood   and    milk:    becan 
was  tho  city  Buthrotus  or  Ruihrotum.     It  thought  that  the  (animte)  souli 
was  built  upon  a  hill.     Henco  tho  opithet  am)  fcd  upon  these,  and  partica 
eeltam,     For    atcendimut^    Hcinsius,     and  the  blood.     These  constitutcd  th( 
Heyne  afler  him,  read  aeccdimut.  moumful  gifls,  which  Andromael 

294.  Ineredibilit  fama  rerum :  an  incrcdi-  yearly  to  thc  ashes  oi  ihadeofHi 

ble  report  of  things.     It  was  an  incrcdible  vcrse  66,  supra. 

revolution  of  fortuno  indeed,  that  a  son  of  302.  Falti  Simoit.tit:  fictitioi 

Priam  should  reign  in  Epirus,  and  should  This  was  a  small  rit  er  of  Epirui 

be  marriod  to  Andromache,  the  widow  of  Helcnus  and  Andromache  gave  tl 

hit  brother,  afler  she  had  been  the  wife  of  Simoit^  aflcr  a  river  of  that  nanif 

Pjrrhus,  tliat  very  son  of  Achillcs,   who  It  was  not  the  real  Simo'iB.     UM 

•lew  the  venerable  Priam  in  tlie  most  cruel  sense  of  aquam. 

Buumer.     Yet  these  things  are  not  the  mere  304.  Inanem :  ertipty — nol  tha 

JnTention  of  the  poet.    Justin  informs  us,  of  Hector;   but  rtie  m'  memor 

that  after  the  taking  of  Troy,  Pyrrhus  was  Such  a  one  wan  called  fnwiuw  * 

monciM  to  Helenus,  sharQd  with  him  his  tnanif.    Theee    ciibs,  or  oao«il 


iENEIS.    UB.  m.  261 

ninas,  causam  lachrymis,  sacraverat  araa.  ^       906 
'.  ciHupexit  venientem,  et  T.'oia  cifctlim 
ameus  vulit ;  niagnis  exterrita  monstris, 
lit  visu  in  medio  :  calor  ossa  reliquit : 

ir;  et  longo  vix  tandem  tempore  fatur :  900.  Et  tasdom  rix 

e  te  fiicies,  verus  mibi  nuntius  affers,  310  fatur  longo  tempore  f  did 

DeA?  vivisne  ?  aui,  si  lu    alma  recessit,  311.  lUeaMit  ^u 

T  ubi  est  ?  Dixit :  lachr}  ji^jique  effudit,  et  omnem 
v'\i  clamore  locum.     Vix  paiwa  furenti 
io,  et  rahs  turbatus  vocibus  hisco : 
K|uidem,  vitamque  extrema  pcr  omnia  duco.      315 
bita,  nam  vera  vides. 

quis  te  casus  dejectam  coniuge  tanto  ^^5'       ^^^^^^ 

it  ?  aut  qu«  digua  satis  fortuna  reyisit  ?  JervM-no  connubia  Pjr- 

ris  Andromachc,  Pyrrhin'  connubia  scrvas  ?  rhk  ? 

NOTES. 

• 

rj  merelj,  and  erected    to  penonB  314.  Subjicio :  in  the  sense  of  re»pond€0» 

IB  anotlMr  place;  or  to  Uiote  who  Hisco:   I  open   my  mouth  in  broxen,  dis- 

i  no  burial,  and  whose  relice  could  connected  words.    They  were  fow  in  num- 

foucd.    The  lame  religrious  regard  ber,  and  intcrrupted  by  sighs  and  tcars. 

d  to  thesa  ^cmu/t  inayiet  tt  honorarii^  315.  Per  omnia  exlrema:  through  all  pe- 

al  tombs.     f^iridi  ceqfile :  she  made  rils  and  distxera.     Extremay  here,  is  a  sub. 

rmted)  this  tomb  of  green  turf.  Rueus  says,  per  omnes  mittrias, 

OtwunoM  aras.     Some  will  havo  it,  316.  Fera:  true  things* — realitic». 

B  altar  was  for  Hcctor,  and  tlie  other  317.  Qua  casut :    wiiat  ovent  liath   Ihi- 

tjanaz,  her  son,  whom  ihe  Greoks  faJlcn  thee,  deprived  of  80  great  ahusbaiid^ 

leadlon^   from   the  tower  of  Troy.  Conjuge^  hcrc,  plainly  meanH   Heclor,   her 

however,  thiuk  she  erccted  (conse-  fornicr  husband.     Rueus  interprets  excipU 

boCh  to  Uector,  it  being  custumary  te^  by,  mccesiU  tibi ;  and  dejulam^  \ty  pri' 

two  altars  to  the  Manes,  especially  vatam. 

oac,  who   were  considered    inferior  319.  Servas  eonnubia^  iic,    These  words 

8ae  verse  63,  supra.    Causam :  tho  of  iEucas  would  carry  with  ttiom  a  sevore 

9T  incentive   to    her   tears.     They  reproach,  if  Andromache  had  been  the  mis- 

.  more  finrcibly  to  her  mind  the  rc-  tr>*t»i  of  hcr  uwn  fortune.     Catrou  ohNcrves, 

Ni  of  her  hasband,  and  renowed  her  that   this   Blavcry  rendered  her  connexion 

grief.  w'ith  Pyrrhus  excusablo ;  yut  she  is  confused 

Awimi :   amased.      It  agrees  with  upon  the  occasion.  casts  her  eyes  upon  the 

iMSlood.     Exierriia  monstris :  asto-  ground,    and    replics    with    a    low    voice. 

U  tho  migfaty  prodigy,  she  fainted  in  not    answering    his  question   diroctly,  but 

st  of  tha  sighl.  breaking  out  into    a   passionate  exciaiiia- 

KhiBf  thal  iMppeaa,  or  is  contrary  to  tion :  Ofdix^  &c.     The  sense  whioh  Rusus 

laaij  eonrM  of  things,  may  be  callcd  gives  to  the  passage  is  plainly  incorrrct    He 

WL,     Tho  sight  of  her  countrymcn  interprets  the  words  thus :  O  ^ndromaehe^ 

oiiespocted,  so  improbable,  and  so  tenes-ne    eonjugem    Heetoris^  an    Pj/rrhif 

I  tho  ordinafy  course  of  events,  that  which  will  he  :  Andromache,  are  you  wcd- 

it  wall  anouf h  be  called  magnum  ded  to  Hector,  or  to  Pyrrhus  ?  which  is  ma- 

pn,  nifestly  absurd,  especially  afler  what  ^ncas 

Dirigtni  :  in  the  sense  of  dtfeeii.  had  said  just  before ;  dejeetam  tanto  conjugt^ 

Labihir :  she  ialls.  meaning  that  she  was  brought  low  by  being 

yierm-ne  faeies  :  doyou,  areal  form,  deprived  of  so  crrcat  a  buslMuid.    Tiie  con- 

moseeiiger,  present  yourself  to  me.'  struction  is  as  in  the  cido:  w  HectorV  An* 

rou  reaJly  JEnoas,  or  are   you  his  dromache  wedded  to  Pyrrhus?  which  is  not 

Milj.^ — are  the  things  which   I  be-  so  much  a  qucstion,  as  an  cxclaination  of 

o  and  real,  or  are  tney  mere  phan-  surprise.     That  Hectoris  Andromaehr.  is  to 

hux:  in  the  sense  of  m/o.  be  conHtrued  in  this  way,  appears  froin  Jus- 

VmrtnH:  to  her  grieving,  or  sorrow-  tin,  who  givcs  them  the  sauie  honoralilc  de- 

nmis  properly  signifies,  being  tranfi-  signation.  Lib.  xvii.  cap.  3.     He  tliere  says, 

vith  anj  inordinate  passion  or  af-  tliat  Pyrrhus  gave  the  Kingdom  of  Epiru?  to 

M  love,  sorrow,  anger,  &c. — g^iev-  HelonuB,  the  son  o^  Priam ;  and  aUo  ^a.^a 

odetatriy     Rnams  saya,  mct^eniL  him  (^indromaehtn  HtcifMi\  HecUH''»  >i<v. 


862  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

321.  O  Prianicia  vir-  Dejccit  vultum,  et  <lemiss&  voce  locuta 
go,  una  fclix,  ante  aliM  Q  fciii  yna  ante  alias  Priamela  virgo, 
^^  juaaa  inon  ad  ii^^g^jicm  ad  tumulum  Trojffi  sub  mcenibus  altii, 

325.   No8   vccts  por  «^ussa  inori :  quas  sortitus  non  pertulit  ullos, 
divena  equora,  patri&  Noc  victoris  heri  tctigit  captiva  cubile! 
iiicenB&,  cnixffl  scrvitio,  Nos  patrisL  incens&  divcrsa  per  squora  vectae, 
tulimus  faaius  AchilloflB  gtirpis  Achillcffi  fastus,  juvenemque  superbum 

So   Ast  Orestes,  in-  ^rvitio  enixae  tulimus  :  qui  deinde  secutus 
flammatus  magno  amore  Ledaiiam  Ilermionem,  Laccdffimoniosque  Hymeni 
conjugis  crepUB  H  le,  et  Mc  famulam  famuloque  Ileleno  transmisit  habcnd 
agitatus  furiis  scclenim,  Ast  illum,  ereptaj  magno  inflanunatus  amore 
Mcipit    illum,    nempe,  Conjugis,  et  scelerum  furiis  agitatus,  Orestes 

NOTES. 

-  droraaohe,  who  had  becn  his  wife.     Servat,  cliildren.      In  this  last  sense,  perl 

This  is  the  usual  reading :  but  Heyne  ob-  aro  to  take  it  hcre.     For  it  is  8aid« 

■ervos  that  some  copies  have  servai.    This  a  son  to  Pyrrhus,  called  MoIomsus^  i 

renders  tlie  passage  somewhat  easier  :  does  his  namo  to  a  part  of  Epirus.     Sa 

Hector^s  Andromache  presorvo  tho  marriage  over,  undorstand  it  of  labor  tnd  li 

of  Pyrrhus  ? — lu  she  joined  in  marriage  with  ncral :  laboring  in  servitude.    Rn 

Fyrrhus  ?  parientes  in  eaptivilate :  bringing  t 

320.  Demista  voce :  in  a  low  voice.  dren  in  captivity. 

321.  Priamna    virgo:      Polyzena,    the  328.    Hermionem,      Hormione 
dau?hter  of  Priam  and  Hecuba.     Achilles  daughter  of  Menolaus,  king  of  1 
Ibll  m  love  with  her ;  and  being  invited  to  Lacedemon,  and   Helen,  the  dai 
Troy  by  Priam  for  the  purposo  of  celebra-  Jupitor  and  Leda ;  hence  the  adj. 
ting  their  nuptials,  whilo  in  the  temple  of  Ledoean.     She  was  betrothed  by ' 
ApoUo,  where  the  maniago  was   to   have  to  her  cousin  Orestes,  in  the  absa 
been  performod,  he  was  killed  by  Paris  with  fathor,  who,  it  seems,  had  promii 
an  arrow.    Achillcs,  with  his  last  brcath,  Pyrrhus,  whilo  he  was  at  Troy. 
conjurod  his  son   Pyrrhus  to   roveuge   his  retum,  he  went  to  Sparta,  and  c 
dcath  upon  Priam^s  iamily,  and  to  iniinolato  his  spouse.     This  so  enragnd  Or 
Polyxcna    at    his    tomb,    whencvcr    Troy  he  followed  Pyrrhus  to  Dclphi, 
•hould  bo  taken.     This  accordingly  ho  did.  wcnt  to  conRult  the  oraclo  of  A; 
Quinctilian  quotcs  this   passage  a.s  an   in-  ccrning  his  future  race,  and  tJiero 
■tance  of  VirgiPs  talent  at  the  pathbtic.     In  Hymtiutos:  maniage — match:  aJ» 
order,   says   ho,  to  show  tho  cxtreniity  of  329.  TransmisU :    in  the  sense 
Andromacho*s  misery,  ho  makes  hor  even  vel  Iradidit.     Habendftm:  to  be 
envy  thc  fate  of  Polyxena,  who,  in  tho  cycs  scsscd — enjoycd. 

of  all  the  world  bcsidos,  was  most  wretchod        331.  Conjugis:  namely,  Hermi 

and  miserable.     How  wrctched  llien  must  tatus  furiis :    hurried  on   by  the 

Andromachc^s    condition    have     been,    if,  his  cnmes.     Orestes,  it  is  said,  sh 

when  compared  to  her,  even  Polyxona  was  thcr  Clytemncstra,  for  aasisting  2 

happy !     Instit.  Lib.  vL  cap.  3.     Una :    in  procuring  tlie  death  of  his  fatlier 

tho  senso  of  sola.  non.     Afler  which  he  is  said  to 

323.  Qiiff  non  vertulil:  who  hath  not  haunted  and  tormented  by  the  f 
bome  any  lots.  The  Grecian  princos,  aftcr  rcmorse  and  stings  of  a  guilty  & 
the  capture  of  Troy,  cast  lots  among  them-  for  inibruing  his  hands  in  his  mot]] 
■elvcs  for  tho  captivos.  It  is  said  he  was  acquittod  bj  tli 

324.  A*ec  captiva :  nor  as  a  captive,  hath  the  Areooagas  at   Athens ;   and. 
touched  the  bed  of  a  victorious  lord.     This  dcath    ot   Pyrrhus,  ho  married 
ia   the   calamity  from  which   Andromache  and  added  the  kingdom  of  Spi 
declares  Polyxena  happy,  in  being  delivered  own  hercditary  doniinions. 

by  death.  The  furies  were  three  in  nam! 

325.  J^ot  vceta:  ir  the  sense  of  ego  veeta,  Tiriphone,  and  Megitra,     After  1 

326.  Fattus :  acc.  plu.  pride — haughti-  to  tormont  Orcstes,  they  received 
Mh.  Stirpis  AchUlect :  Pyrrhus,  the  ofi*-  of  EumenideSy  which  implies  b 
■pnng  of  Achilles.     Some  read/a«/Mm.  and  compassion.   He  built  alem[ 

327.  Enixa :  a  part.  of  tne  verb  enitor^  and  offercd  thcm  sacrificoB.  ^ 
■gneing  with  noi  vecta^  above.  It  signifies  rcpresentcd  as  holding  a  bumiii 
lo  labor  and  toil  with  our  hands  in  geno-  one  hand,  and  a  whip  in  the  o! 
ttJ  t  ^I*®  the  pain  and  labor  of  bearing  stings  and  remorses  of  conecieiia 


t54  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

NecnQn  et  Teucri  sociA  simul  urbe  firaimtar. 

lUos  porticibus  rex  accipiebat  in  ampUt. 

Aulai  in  medio  libabant  pocula  Bacchi, 

Impositis  auro  dapibus,  paterasqve  tenebtnti 
366.    Jamque    umu      Jamque  dies,  alterque  dies  processit ;  et  aOTK 
diet,  alterqne  Vela  vocant,  tumidoque  inflatur  carbasua  AiMlro. 

His  vatem  aggredior  dictis,  ac  talia  queao  : 
360.  Qaisentiinnmi-  Trojugena,  interpres  Divdm,  qui  numina  Phcebi, 
Qi.  PhoDbi,  qui  §emiiM  tri-  Qui  tripodas,  Clarii  lauros,  qui  sidera  sentJB, 
podu,  el  lauroe  Clarii  ^t  volucrum  linguas,  et  pnepetb  omina  peniiflB, 
ApoUmu,  qui  moUu        Fare,  age  (namque  omnem  cursum  mihi  pTOspm 

Relligio  ;  et  cuncti  suaserunt  numine  Divi 

Itallam  petere,  et  terras  tentare  rep^^etas :. 
365.  Harpyia  Celno  Sola  novum  dictuque  nefas  Harpyia  Celmo 
•oU  cuiit  novam  prodi^  Prodigium  canit,  et  tristes  denuntiat  irai, 
'^^  Obflcoenamque  famem)  quie  prima  pericula  nto  ^ 

NOTES. 

tnming,  to  eml>r«oe  the  piUare  and  threahnld  of  their  fliffhL    The  former  wae  oa 

ef  their  houiee.  gurium ;  Uie  obienration  of  which  < 

354.  ^ulai:  for  atUa.    The  gon.  of  the  tedtheartoftheaif/^irejrthelatterw 
firat  decleniiion  was  sometimes  formed  in  .uspieium;  the  obeervation  of  wl 

*  mi,    See  Grammar.    Baceki:  Bacchus,  tlio  stituted  the  art  of  the  amyicef. 
MMd  of  wiue,  by  meton.  put  for  wine  itielf.        Omina  vreBpetu  penntt :  the  om« 

Libabanl  pocuia,   It  was  customary  at  cnter-  g^jf^  ^jng widelj  extended  wim 

tainmento,  after  the  fint  table  or  roune,  to  augurs  were  certain  pereons,  who  p 

mtroduce  wine,  with  a  libation  to  the  goda ;  to  foretell  future  events,  principallj 

whicli  consisted  in  pouring  a  few  drops  upon  noiso  of  certain  birds.      Komului 

the  altar,  or  upon  the  table.    Libabant  -  in  if^^^^  .  Servius  TuUius  added  anm 

the  seu8o  of  bibebaiU,  Sylla  appointed  siz  addilional  onea 

355.  ImposiUt  auro :  scrved  up  in  gold—  {^^  number  in  liis  time  was  ten.  Tl 
in  goldcn  diHhes.  rally  sat  upon  some  tower,  or  high  j 

357.  Tumido  Austro:  by  the  rising  wind.     better  to  make  their  observationa. 

.4 (ii/^r  hcre  18  put  for  wind  in  fireneral.    Car"  «^^    d                 ««-^    r«..^— vi-. 

,            .,          '          _^    u-  u  .u        1  362.  r*rot»«ra r«/itfto ;  tavorable 

basus:  the  cauvass,  of  which  the  sails  were  ,.          ...  .  '^    ^,  ••I^.i;^»;^.,-  u«- 

1                        ^  tious  auspices  and  ^redictions  hav 

""^j-o     a        j-  fjj         .u  u-ed  (dixit\  my  whole  course.    JVii 

3o8.  Jiegrtdtor:  I  address  the   prophet    ,,    ^        '     /       s    -»  ,        o  -« 

u  , *^*  ^    ^         the   serse  of  attctorttate.      Some 

tlelenus.  ^  «f   •    j-    •.      •x.  ■ 

360.  Q«t  .enlu  numina:   who  knowert    '^'  °T"*     fJLf *"Hr^  CT 

the  wiU  of  Pl.a»bu..    The  vert,  sauis  »  to    "T'  tr^t^^^J^Ji^ 

be  •upplied  with  ^  accuMtive  followine.    ^*"  ^,1^"  ^T^J^t^Jlt 
mu    J  \.4  u^-^      «      — «^  n  r  j^     the    oracles,     and  tne  v&nous  is 

The  poethere  enumerates  five  ways  of  di-     ^^.^  ^    ^^        j^^^  ^  ^^^ 

vmaUon.     Firrt^y  the  immediate  i^ira.    ^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^  .^  j^ 

Uon   of  the   god»— «m/u  numma  Phabt.  ^^^««i/.  ««j-iiw*. 

Second,  by  sitting  upon  the  Tripod.    Third,  «y»*  <^cr«nom«  propthej. 
by  burniAg  laurel.     Fourth,  by  contempla-        2M.  Repbstoi:  by  syn.  for  rep% 

ling  the  stars.    Fifth,  by  tho  observation  of  ^ay  mean  remote^  w  at  a  disim 

|,ii.(lg,  reserved,  laid  up  in  store.      In  tj 

360.  Tripodae.  The  U^ipod  was  a  kind  of  ^^«iiiB  takes  il  here.  In  either  « 
Uiree  footed  siool,  upon  which  the  priestess  ^  true,  as  it  respects  the  land  of  H 
of  ApoIIo  sat,when  she  delivered  the  ora-  ^er  he  was  going.  Tentare:  i 
clcs.  Clarii.  Clarius  was  an  epithet  of  out— to  find :  in  the  sense  ofpefen 
ApoIIo,  from  C/arof,  a  city  of  Greece,  where  365.  Nefas  dietu:  horrible  to 
he  had  a  celebrated  temple.  One  way  of  Jfefa»  here  is  taken  as  an  adj.  ind« 
divination   was,  to  burn   a  branch  of  Uie  the  same  as  nefandum, 

laurel  trce.     If  it  made  a  crackling  noiso,  it  36b'.  Canit :  in  the  sense  ofprm 

was  a  good  omcn ;  but  if  not,  it  was  consi-  367.  Obsctetiam :  in  the  sense  ol 

derod  a  bad  one.  vcl  vehementcnu     QtuE  perieuia  prt 

361.  Liiiguas  volucrum.  The  omens  What  danger»  first  do  I  shun.'— 
wero  takun  from  birds  in  two  ways  ;  from  the  firet,  or  chicf  dangors,  wKich  1 
khe  sounds  they  uttered,  and  the  manner  avoid? 


JRmiS.    LIB.  111. 

uengi  tantos  possim  superare  labofes  ? 

^nCs^cffi^  prii|iiliin  de  inore  juvencia, 

em  DivCkm,  vittasque  resolvit  370 

itis,  meque  ad  tua  limina,  Phoebe,  S71.  Tiiraqne 

multo  suspensum  numine  ducit :  "^*'»^  «d  ^"*  limlBa,  0 

deinde  canit  divino  ex  ore  sacerdoe :  F»iu.be,  i»uapen.um  mvl. 

.     •■       •  i^  to  numine 

pam  te  majonbua  ire  per  altum  j74.    Miinife.ta  ftto 

laniiesta  ndes  :  aic  fata  Deum  rex  375  ett  wnhi  te  iro 

»l?itque  vices :  b  vertitur  ordo.  «-.,   r      j-       j-    • 

i  mulUs,  qoA  tuUor  hospita  lurtre.  f^^S^^IZitilt 

t  Auflomo  poflsis  considere  portu,  ^  tutior  lustree  hu<«piia 

iictis :  prohibent  nam  cstera  Parca9  eqaora 

NOTE8. 

r  9equen* :  following  what  coun-  376.  Sartitur.    Thi»  alludes  to  the  cuatoni 

nnount   kc.  ^^  consulting  the  oracle,  which  was  «Hiie- 

Imt  riitoM:    the  priest  in  per-  Umea  done  bv  caating  or  drawing  lola:  oi^ 

ifice,  had  his  head  bound  about  dinai,  says  Heyne. 

now  he  i«  about  to  prophesy,  377.  HotpUa :  an  adj.  intervening.     Ra- 

and  takes  them  from  his  head.  «"«  interpreta  it  by,  qua  excipieni  te :  which 

>r— grace.  ■haU  receive  you. 

enjtum :  in  the  sense  of  solicitum,  It  ii  plain  that  Ihe  seaa  over  which  he  waa 

'ew,     Multo  f,u7nine:  at  thy  aw-  to  pasa,  were  those  that  intenenedy  or  lay 

—thy    mighty    power.      Ruseua  between  Epirus,  and  thal  part  of  Italy  t« 

natn  rever.entimn  I)ei.  which  he  was  bound.     These  would  be  the 

icfl  have  nmpewnt»,  which  means  /onta»  »ea^  lying  between  Epirus  aiid  the 

t  was  full  of  anxicty,  perturba-  eztremity  of  the  peninsula ;  that  part  of  tha 

e,  from  the  power  or  influence  Mediterrancan  lying  to  tho  east  and  south 

But  wunpennum  is  the  bctter  of  Sicilv;  and  tho  Tiac/mfea,  lyiiig  between 

irring  to  ^l^neas,  who  had  good  Sicil^,  Italy,  and  the  islands  of  Sardinia  and 

iB  awful  suHpenHe  and  anxiety  Corsica.     Lustres:  in  the  sense  of  na**ineM. 

:ure  fortune,  which  the  god  waa  Valpy  takes  hotpita^  in  Uio  sense  of  ignota : 

clare  to  him  by  the  mouth  of  to  which  he  was  a  stranger. 

379.   Parca  prohibtnt :  the  fates  forbid 

ii:  m  the  Miiae  of  eloquitur.  that  you  should  know  tlie  rest.     Pierius  ob* 

rrt^otijjneitf:  may  meau,  iri7/i  serves,  that  in  most  of  the  ancient  copiet 

uipites^  ngns^  or  manifestations.  there  is  a  full  stup  afler  seire ;  Servius  ap» 

Tarious  omena  or  signs,  wbich  proves  of  it,  and  it  appoars  thc  best.     The 

it  to  give  inaight  into  fUturity,  sense  ia  eaaier,  and  we  avoid  any  iiicon- 

lonsidered  more  important  than  ai!«tcncy.    If  we  make  both  the  vcrbs,  prohi^ 

theae  were  visions,  appearances  bcnt  and  vetat^  rofer  to  Helciius,  thcre  wiU 

ina,  iic  which  all  along  had  ac-  be  an  inconaistency.   For,  would  Juno  forbid 

Eneaa.     But  atijpictuin  signifies  him  to  declare  what  he  did  not  know  him* 

r  fortune.    If  this  be  the  mean-  self.^  Besides^he  had  just  said  that  he  would 

lich  moat  probably  is  the  case,  oniy  inform  him  of  a  few  of  the  eveiits  that 

lus  auifrtctts  wiU  be,  for  greater  were  to  befaU  him ;  which  certainly  impliea 

iportant  eventa — for  better  for-  that  he  knew  the  rest,  but  was  rcstrained  by 

lore  prosperous  daya.    This  is  heaven  from  communicating  them  to  him. 

of  Heyne.  Some  of  these  events  it  was  not  proper  for 

■ex  DeUm :  thos  the  king  of  the  him  to  kiiow ;  becauso  the  accompliKhinent 

lea  his  decreea,  and  fixes  (t-o/rt/,  depended   on   his  own   frce   wiU.     Others 

Bties  of  eventa :  this  order  (or  Juno  prevented  him  from  rovealing,  that  he 

ings)  is  fized.  might  be  the  niore  perplexed  with  donbts 

tlM  poet  hath  hero  iu  view  the  and  uncertainty;   and  the   more  Hurpritted 

ory  of  the   Parca^  who   were  and  unprovided  agaiiist  thc  calainity  whuu 

ireside  over  the  events  of  human  it  cautu.     Of  this  kind  is  the  nunrprrlutioji 

order,  or  fiz,  whatever  befell  to  of  Celieno^s  prophccy,  which  llulenuM  u)i 

dual  froin  his  birth  to  the  close  pears  to  have  undcrstood :    for  he   lorlndff 

The  first  was  reprcsentcd  os  him  to  bc  niucli  concenied  ubout  il.  for  Oie 

distaiT;  the  second  as  drawing  gods  would  find  a  wuy  to extricalu  Itirn  Iroiii 

ing  off  {rolrere^  and  fixing  Ihe  it:  vcrso  394.  infra. 

vcnts;  the  third  aa  cutting  the  Anothcr  partirular  is  t.lic  di^ath  of   /«j. 

e  Ecl.  iv.  46.  r^UHCM       £nuuH  doey  iio«  i^uc^tioii  \U<\  ((rvt% 


«M  P.  VIUGILIL  MARONIS 

Scire  :  Uelenuni  fari(|ue  vetat  Satumia  Juno. 
381.  Principio,  longa      Principio,  Italiam,  (|uam  tu  jam  rere  propinqui 

via  invja   longi»   tcrris  Vicinosque,  ignare,  paras  invadere  portus, 
jirocnl  dividit  llaliam  H  ^  ^^^^^  ^        •    ^j^  ^jj^jjj^  j^^^j^  ^^^ 

tCy  qaain   tu,   O  i^nare   .      ?       ,.1  .  ..^,  ,  •* 

wir  jaiii  rcro  csMr.  propin-  Ante  et  1  rmacria  lentandus  remus  m  undAi 

quuni^paraAqueinvadero  Kt  salis  Ausoiiii  lustrandum  navibus  aequor, 
vicinoM  portus.  Iiifernique  Jacus,  iEaeieque  insula  Circc, 

■3^6.  Infornique  la<;ui  Qu^m  tntA  possis  urbem  componere  terrflL 
iransew^isunt^  u«ula.  gj         ^j^-  ^.^^^^     ^^  jj^  ^^^^^  ^^^ 

que  iCsie  Circm  adeun'  ,„r       •,  •       n-   •  •      1  .1       •    •         j 

ii  M/,  ant^  quam /u  poa-  ^"»n  ^»^1  sollicito  secreU  ad  fluimniB  undam 
■18  Litoreis  ingens  inventa  sub  ilicibus  sus, 

389.  Cum  injfens  aus,  Triginta  capitum  fu3tus  enixa  jacebit, 
mvrnui  tibi  sollicito  ad  ^lba,  solo  recubans,  albi  circum  ubera  nat: : 

IJ^b     UtTreu''  mcTblll!!  1«  1«^^  "r^«  «"^  5  ^«^"168  ea  certa  labonim. 
eniza  fcetuB  triginta  ca-  ^^^  ^^  mensarum  morsus  horresce  futuros. 
pitum,  jacebat  solo  re-  Fata  viam  invenient,  aderitque  vocatus  Apollo. 

NOTES. 

KnowlcdgeofHelenusconccminf|rthatevent:  tory,  which,  froni  her,  was  calle 

he  only  coniplains  that  he  did  iiot  roveal  it  MounU     Hodie^  CireeUom 
to  him:   verao  712.  infra.    Expedicun:    in        3U7.  Compontre:  in  the  MOBe  o 

the  senBe  of  explicabo,  Tuta  terra  .*  in  a  aafe  land.     Thia, 

381.  Rere:  in  the  sense  of  jmtat,  is  said  in  allusion  to  his  being  < 

382.  Invadere :  to  take  posBeflsion  of — to  abandon  the  settlements  he  had 
enter.  Thrace  and  in  Crete.    In  Italv  ' 

383.  Longa  via  invia:  a  long  \oyage,  liud  a  sure  and  permanent  residsD 
interrupted  by  extensive  lands,  separateB  388.  Condita:  in  the  senao  of 
Italy  at  a  diHtHHce  fruin  you,  which,  &c.  it  a^eofi  with  ea,  undentood. 
Invia :  in  thc  scnse  of  perdijjicilis.  iEncas^  389.  Tibi  toUieiio — itwenia :  fou 
voyage  wan  inuch  lcngthcncd  by  his  boing  solicitous — anziouB — musing.  T 
oi>liged  to  puil  round  the  soutliem  part  of  frequently  used  by  ther  poets  in  tli 
Siciiy;  tho  islaiids  tiiat  lay  in  his  course,  theabl.;  also,  in  the  sonse  of  the 
aiid  other  lands,  rcndcrod  it  lonnr,  ditlipult,  undam  Jtumxni»,  The  river  Tib 
and  diiii^erous;  and  much  intcrniptod  and  nieant. 

turnud  irom  a  dircct  course.  390.  Sub  liioreit :  under  the  ! 

38-1.  Trinacrid :  a  naine  of  Sicily,  (used  shading  the  river — growing  on  th 

liere  as  an  adj.)  taken  from  its  triangular  the  river. 

form.     Its  three  proinontorics  were  Pe/uriiJ,  391.  EnixaftziuM:  havtng  bro 

Pachynujt^  a.nd  Lilybeum.    Remus  lentaiidus:  a  littcr  of  thirty  hoad. 

thc  oar  iiiust  bc  bent  in  the  Sicilian  sca.  392.  Reeubans:  this  I  take  in 

This  implies  that  Uioy  were  to  labor  hard  at  oC  prostratus^  flat  (at  full  length)  c 

the  oar.     The  verb  est  is  to  be  supplicd.  in   reforence  to  tlie  manner  of  ! 

385.  ^quor  Atuonii  salvs :  the  surfaco  of  that  being  the  position  of  tlie  fer 
the  Italian  (Tuscan)  sea  is  lu  be  sailcd  ovcr.  she  gives  suck  to  her  joung.  • 
tialis :  p^en.  of  sal :  by  nieto.i.  put  for  the  recubans^  alba :  shall  lie  on  tiie  | 
ua.  „ilquor  is  hcro  used  in  its  proper  sense  on  hcr  side ;  hersclf  w.hite,  an« 
and  meaning.  white  around  hcr  teata.    In  this  «i] 

386.  Infemi  laeut:  tho  infemal  lakes  Btruction,  reetibana  conveya  an 
nmst  be  passnd,  and  tho  island  of  iEa^an  idea  to  tliat  already  conununica' 
Circo  must  be  approachod,  beforo  tliat  {aiiti  yerh  jacebti^  and  is  very  signilicai 
yridm)  you  can.&c.  Hclenus  here  intimates  usual  ordo  it  is  mero  tautology. 
to  ^neas  his  descent  to  hell,  which  ii  the  cumstanceoffindingawhitesow, 
■ubject  of  the  6th  book.  pifi^  ^'u  foundod  on  anciont  hii 

Oirce  was   a   celebrated    aorccresB,   the  dition.    jllba^  a  city  built  by  Aik 

diughter  of  the  aun,  and  the  nymph  Pcrae.  made  the  soat  of  his  govemmei 

8ha  is  hare  oalled  JEaan^  from  ./£a,  an  name  from  this  omen  m  tlie  whi 

Mand  aad  oity  of  Colchia,  not  far  from  the  hcr  pigs,  aa  Varro  infornu  us. 

fivir  Pharfi.  She  marriod  a  king  of  Sarma-  394.  J^orsus :  Uie  eatiiig,  or  cc 

flCai  whoai  iha  poiMmed.    After  which  slie  of  yuur  tables. 

Am  IhIb  Ita^t  to  a  noontain  and  promon-  395.  Aderit:  in  the  senae  of  a 


iENEIS.     LIB.  111.  MT 

liem  terjfas,  Ita|ic|ue  fianc  ]it|>ris  oram,  cubanR,  ipsa    aiba;  cf 

oia  ^u«  no8ii|i  perfunditur  Ipeiiuoru  lestu,  '^  ^^^i 

:  6uncta  m^lia  habitantur  mwnia  Graiia. 

Xarycii  posuerunt  moenia  Locri, 
cntinoa  obsedit  milite  campos  400 

3  Idoineneus:  hic  illa  ducis  Meliba^i  401.  H)oefl  illa  parva 

Philoctets  subnixa  Petilia  muro.  P«iilia    wbniaa    muro 

ubi  tranainiaaae  ateterint  trans  squora  daflses,  riiiloctei« 

itis  aris  jam  yota  in  litore  «lolves ; 
reo  yeiare  comaa  adopertus  amictu :  406 

i  iiiter  sanctofl  ignes  in  honoro  Deorum  406.  Ne  qua  hoitiUa 

s.facies  occurrat,  et  omina  turbet.  fkeiw    occurrftt     iDtat 

jocii  morem  aacrorum.  hunc  ipse  teneto :  "^*!^  *^?** 

^-  ^  .        II-  -  '  40B.     Socu     tenenf 

isti  maneant  m  relhgione  nepfitea.  l,unc  mnrem  Mcrorum, 

)i  digreaaum  Siculs  te  admoverit  ore  410  /u  ip«e  teneto  huno 

;,  et  angusti  rarescent  claustra  Pelori ;  4ii).   l'e    digxeeenm 

ibi  tellus  et  longo  laava  petantur  **^  Sicul»  or« 

NOTE8. 

EJ^tffe  has  iemu,     Helcnuii  mo&nn  salj,  ncar  the  foot  of  niount  Ossa.     He  ■el 

dfl  of  Calabria,  Apulia,  and  all  tho  firc  to  tho  funeral  pilo  of  Hercules,  at  tbe 

■it  of  the  peninsula  of  Itaiy,  which  re(|ue»t  of  Hiat  hero,  and  reccived  in  retum 

ied  Marna  Ortecia :   the  whole  of  his  how  and  arrowa,  that  had  bcen  dipped 

iee  not  £r  from  Chaonia,  in  Epirus.  in  the  poiitonouB  blood  of  tho  Hydra  Lemtta. 

le  Trojan  war,  many  of  the  Greeks  IJe  sot  out  for  Troy  with  the  oiher  Greekt, 

roed  on  thii  coast,  and  formed  Kct-  but  was  abandoncd  by  them  in  tho  island  of 

■  in  various  placea.  Hence  this  Lemnos,  on  account  of  a  wound  which  he 
Ihe  poninsula  of  Italy  took  tlie  name  had  received  from  a  aerpent.  But  it  being 
rna  Ormcia.  It  now  conntitutes  a  predicted,  that  Troy  could  not  be  takcn 
nable  part  of  the  kingdom  o  f  J^aplet,  without  these  arrows,  tlie  chicis  were  obligod 
waahed  on  <he  east  by  the  louian  to  scnd  for  bim.  On  his  retum  from  Troy, 
eh  Hdenus  here  calls  notlri  aquorit^  hearing  that  the  Molibfleans  had  revolted, 
the  same  sea  waahed  the  shores  of  he  went  to  Itsly,  and  foundod  the  city  Peii' 

/ui,  or  as  some  say,  only  forufied  it.    Suk- 

Maiit:  tn  the  sense  of  hotiUibuM,  nixa :  in  the  sense  of  de/etita, 

«Vorydi  Lorri.    TheLocrians  origi-  404.  Solvet:  you  shaii  pay.  or  dischaive. 

cre  a  people  of  Phocis,  in  Achaia.  405.  yelare  adopertut :  be  thou  veilecf— 

illowed  ^jax^  the  son  of  Otleut^  to  covered  as  to  your  hair,  wiui  a  purple  veil. 

ijan  war :  and,  alW  the  oapture  of  Simply,  cover  your  head  witii  a  purple  veil. 

f,  a  colony  of  the«n  settlcd  in  tliis  From  this  circumstance,  it  is  Haid,  thc  Ro- 

Italy,  most  probably  undor  the  coti-  mans  derived  the  custoni  of  veiling  or  cover- 

Evanthes ;  Ajaz  having  perished  on  ing  tho  head  in  sacrifice,  and  other  acts  of 

im  home.    There  they  built  a  city  worship.     Velare,    Hejrne  takcs  this  activo- 

^taryda  or  AaryRttin,  probably  afler  ly,  the  verb  memenio  being  undcrntood  :  re* 

M  of  JVSsryBr,  the  eity  of  Ajax.  member to  veil  your  looks,  covering  t  hem,  &c 

/tfsmeneiw.    He  was  called  Lyr/iia,  406.  Honore.     Rubus  says,  eultu, 

fetusi,  acity  of  Crote.  Beinff  ezpcUed  409.  Catti :  in  the  sense  of  pii,    ReUigi 

i  dominiQna,  he  came  to  Italy,  and  one:  rites— coremonies. 

a  eolony  on  tho  promontory  of  Sa-  410.  ^dmocerii:  in  the  sense  of  appmlo' 

than  m  poieession  of  the  Saleniinu  rii^  vel  aiiulerii. 

njnewli,  whieh  eatends  almost  to  the  41 1.  Clautira :  the  straits  of  narrow  Po- 

'  Epima,  wns  fomMnrly  called  Metta-  lorus  shall  widen— grow  widor.     Pelorus  is 

i  lipggiMt    Mie,  jirra  d^Otranto :  the  northem  promontory  of  Sicily  :    Wm, 

aortinmity,  tha  eape  of  St.  Mary,  or  Capo  di  Fmro,     It  b  separaied  from  Italy  by 

y  4e  I^utem.    Idomeoena  either  sub-  tho  straits  of  Messina.    As  iEneas  approach- 

■  9mienHmif  ai'«  which  is  more  pro-  ed,  the  shores  wonld  appear  to  separate 
wpaHed  thiw  fton  their  country.  and  griiw  wider. 

NilSLaBpra.  OMki:  inthesense  4\2,  LavaTellut.  Helenos  advisesAntfaa, 

mL  as  soou  as  he  had  anproached   Sicily  eo 

PftilMirta.    Fhiloetalea  was  the  son  ncar   nsitthe  straits  of  Pelorus  should  ap- 

k  Unir  af  Malihiaa,  a  eity  of  Thes-  pear  to  view,  and  pUinly  to  Kioyf  ^-'vdcx^  Vl 


998  P.  VJRGILII  MARONld 

iEquora  circuitu  :  dextrum  fuge  litua  et  undas. 

414.  Uominet   ferunt  Hsec  loca,  vi  quondain  et  vasti  convulsa  niiiii, 
lupc  loca,  quondam  con-  (Tantiim  ajvi  loiiginqua  valet  mutare  vetustaB) 
rnlM  VI,  ot  va«t&  ruinA  ^iggiiuisae  ferunt :  cum  protinfta  utraque  tellus 

Una  foret,  venit  medio  vi  pontus,  et  undia 
Ilesperiuni  Siculo  latus  abscidit,  arvaque  et  urbet 
419.  Anguatoquo  es-  Litore  diductas  angfusto  interluit  ipstu. 

didu^tlii*'*^  ^"^t^^^-  Dextrum  Scylla  latus,  laevum  implacata  Charybdi 
^^ic     ,  quoMqtu         '  Qijgjjgj .  atque  [jj^q  barathri  ter  gurgite  vastos 

Sorbet  in  abruptum  fluctus,  rurBusque  sub  aurai 
Erigit  altemos,  et  sidera  verberat  undi. 

bo^ni.frStotSTuS  A'  ^y"'""  "*'•'  ""^^'  "P**"""  ''H'*™' 
jum    pulchro    pectore,  ^^  exsertantem,  et  naves  in  saxa  trahentem. 

itfnus   pube :   postrema  Prima  hominis  fiicies,  et  pulchh>  pectore  virgo 
pars  ttt  prifltiB  eum  im-  Pube  teniks :  postrema  immani  corpore  pristie, 
mani  oorpore,  commiMa  DelphinAm  caudas  utero  commissa  luporuni. 
!r'ute^t"oru''m  ***"■  ^«««tat  Trinacrii  metas  lustmre  Pachyni 

429.   Prdestat  tt  ces-  Cessantem,  longos  et  circumflectere  cursus, 
■antem  Idrtrare  metas      Qu^  semel  informem  vasto  vidisse  sub  antro 

NOTES. 

wovld  then  be  time  to  alter  hin  courro  to  into  tliis  devourin^  whirlpooL     8i 

Ihe  lefl,  and  coast  down  thc  eastern  shore  74.     Implacata :   msatiable— greei 

of  Sicilv,  rather  than  venture  throu^h  the  «bus  says,  immaHis.     Obndei:  in 

strait,  the  passage  of  which  was  attonded  of  oceupal. 

with  many  diflicultiea  and  daiigers  to  those        421.  ^ique  ifiut  gurgtie:  and  1 

who  were  not  acquainted  wiUi  it.  awallowB  the  vast  wave»  precipil 

415.  Longinqua  retuslas  vtH :  in  the  sense  ihe  dcep  pulf  of  her  maw,  and  ag 
of  longa  duratio  temporis  potest  mutare  res  them  allemate  on  high,  and  H 
imntum.    Fenmt:  thoy  report.  gtars.     Charybdi»  is  represcnted 

416.  Cum  utraque  tellus :  when  each  ^y  and  voracious  monster.  /n 
land  waa  enUrely  one— united  and  forined  „,^7  be  Ukcn  advcrbially,  denoti 
one  conti|ruoU8  tract.  It  is  supposcd  lliat  pjdity  and  quickncsB  wiUi  which  a 
Sicily  at  first  waa  united  to  Itaiy,  and  rent  the  water.  Taken  aa  a  sub.  it  c 
or  torn  from  it  by  sonie  convulsion  of  na-  additional  idea :  it  is  nierely  expl» 
ture;  and  there  is  soine  grround  for  such  a  ^,^  Exsertantem :  in  Uie  seni 
pupposition.     Vir^riJ  here  gives  us  a  fuU  ac-  ^^^^^      ^         ^^^  ^,^^^  ^.    ,^^^ 

oount  of  Uio  tradition.  ,,^^^  reprcHcnted  asa  mo«t  hideom 

417.  Fontus :  in  Uie  tense  ot  fretum.  .  „,       '„,  „.^  ^«„.«#«  1.«.  «.«:„«  . 
--o     iji      j  4          .1.                •'/•               -M     nerupper  part  downto  ner  waist  I 

418.  -^bsctdU:  m  the  sense  of  separarU.     ^  y^^^^^  ^^-       ^,^-^^  y^^^    ^^  ^ 

It  «parated   tho   Itahan    Bhore   from    Uie    a  huge  Pm/iUhose  bclly  rcsea 

?,lf"'^         .       .         -.k  ^    ••     of  a  wolf,  wiUi  the  tail  of  a  dolpl 

419.  .nfigttsto  ctstu :  with  a  narrow  strait  ■        '  *^ 

w  currcnt,  flowa  between,  &c.  meaning  the        ^26.  Hominis :  gcn.  of  homo. 

■traiU  of  Pelorus,  now  Metsina,  which  se-  ^""^^  "»  ^"o  «ense  of  humana.     l 

parate  Sicily  from  Italy.     Diduelas :  in  Uie  P^f^y  sigiiifies  a  man  or  woman— i 

sense  of  disjunctas.  *^'"°-     Prtma  facies :  in  Uie  seni 

AaO.  SeyUa—Charyhdis.     Scyite,  if  a  rock  riorpars. 
lying  in  the  straits  of  Meesina  on  the  Ita-        428.  Commissa :  in  the  sense  of 

lian   Bide.     Charybdis^  a  dangerous  whirl-  It  \h  a  part.  adj.  agreeing  with  pri 

pool  opposito  to  Seylla^  oii  tho  Siciiian  side.  is  a  fish  of  the  whalc  kind,  said 

Theae  rcndcred  the  passago  of  the  straits  great  lcngth.     Piiny  mentions  oii 

very  d&ngerous.      Thoy  wcre    reprcseutcd  in  thc  I  idian  sea,to  havo  bcen  tw 

by  the  pocts  as  hideous  monsters.  cubits  in  longth. 

Scylla   was   tho    daughter    of   Phorcus,         429.  Luslrare:   in  the  sense  c 

whom  Circe  is  said  to  havo  transfortned  into  navignre.  Pachyni.  Pachynum  ia 

Uiis  monKter,   because   she  was    hcr  rivai.  crn  promontory  of  Sicily.     7Vw 

Charybdis  is  said  to  have  been  a  rapncious  adj.  froni  Trinacria^  a  name  of  8: 

prostitutc,  who,  having  stolcn  thc  oxen  of  its  triangular  figure,  or  fcrin.     Hi 

Hercules,  w  as  thunderstruck  by  Jupiter,  and  Fassaro. 
thrown  into  Uie  sca,  wbere  she  was  chaiged        430.  Cessantem :  delayinff. 


.J 


.F.NEIS.    LIB.  III.  m 

it  corruleis  canihud  resonantia  saxa. 

in  qua  est  Helenu  prudcritia,  vati 

68,  animum  si  vejis  iniplet  Apollo;  43*»  Si  qua  fidei  t^ 

>d  tibi,  nate  I>eA,  prseque  omnibus  unum      436  *^«^<'<»  eivntiin  Apoi- 
i,  ct  repetens  iterumque  iterumque  nionebo.  ^^    Prirdicam    tibi 

lagnae  primikm  prece  numen  adora  :  unam,    luiuniquo     pns 

ne  vota  libens,  dominamque  potentem  omnibus,    et    rcpoteut 

18  supera  donis  :  sic  denique  victor  »1»"^  iurumque  iierum- 

fines  Italos  mittere  relictA.  440  <»«•  "««n»^^  '« 

lelatus  Cunueam  accesseris  urbem,  441.   Ubi   tu  deUlua 

e  lacus,  et  Avema  sonantia  sylvis,  ^^  nocemanu 

ratem  aspicies,  quie  rupe  sub  imA 

t,  foiii8()ue  notas  et  nomina  mandat. 

ue  in  foliis  descripsit  carmina  virgo,  44A 

numerum,  atque  antro  seclusa  relinquit : 
nt  immota  locis,  neque  ab  ordine  cedunU 

dem  verao  tenuis  ciini  cardine  ventus  448.  Veri^m  etun  t« 

t  teneras  turbavit  janua  frondes ;  J^Tem  """^      "^^"^ 

deinde  cavo  volitantia  prendere  saxo,  460     ^^    Curmt  pre&dero 

^re  situs,  aut  jungere  carmina  curat,  foHa    Tolitantia     eavo 

abeunt,  sedemque  odcre  Sibylln.  taxo,  nee 

e  qui  mone  fuerint  dispcndia  tanti, 
increpitent  socii,  et  vi  cursus  in  altum 
U  Doasisque  sinus  implere  secundos ;  466 

NOTES. 

m:  and  the  rocks  resounded  with  eai^  vel  aperii.    Mandai  :  in  tbe  eenee  off 

lofB.    Thii  interprets  Ihat  part  inseribit.    JVb/a« ;  her  characten.   Abmtna: 

le  reepecting  the  lower  part  of  word» — prophecies. 

sr  retemblin^   dop,  or   wolvos.  Varro  informs  ua,  that  the  propheciee  of 

,  daehing  againit  the  rockn  in  the  the  Sibyl  were  written  on  the  leavee  of  the 

eaueed  a  hoarae  growling  noise,  palm-tiee. 

nblod  that  of  a  dojj,  or  tJie  howl.  ^    Carmina.     Carmen  properlj  «cn!. 

iK     See  Ed.  vi.  <4,  and  An.  1.  g^^  ^  ^^^  ^^  ^^^^     g^^  bocau»e  the  re- 

^wr        "*{■.  °®^P^^"  '"*""  *"**    sponeee  were  drlivercd  in  pooUc  numlwr», 

Homer,  Lib.  xu.  ^     .      .       earmen  came  to  Bignify,  ai  here,  a  prophecjr, 

idaUta:  in  the  senw  of  «nCTi/w.    ^^  prediction.    De$eripnt:  in  the  aente  of 

%eho:  m  the  aenee  of  tneuicalfo.     ^„':„^t 
...    ...  tnjcriptti. 

Tl^r^J^rrZ.    RU.U.        446.  Di,^  in  nu^ :  ....  pl«.«  «. 

•I  #w#«      n<i^..«.« .  ;»  iiiA  •«wi.A    meanuro— ehe  arranflree  m  poetic  numbera. 
nferlQ.    uomtnam:  m  ine  senRe     .,    ,  _^     rijiju.i-^ 

^  Seelusa :  a  part.  of  seeludor :  laid  by  tliem- 

^:anadj.fromCuin«,acity    ■clvcs  in  her  cave. 

lia,  bnt    long    eince   destroyed.        449.  Janua:   the  door  being  open,  hath 

.  4.  dcranged.     Haxo :  for  aniro. 

piiiet  laetu,    The  lakea  of  Aver-  451.  Revoeare:  in  the  Mnee  of  re»Htuere, 

Merinua  are  here  called  divine,  452.   ineonnUH:   without   receiving  ad- 

n  aGCOont  of  their  neamcM  to  vice — unadviaed.    Homines  ia   undemtood. 

r  the  SibyL    The  lake  Avemut^  453.  A>  qua  diMpendia  morm :  lct  no  ez- 

no,)   wae   ibnnerly  lurrounded  penae  of  delay  bo  to  you  of  00  much  Talue, 

iroode,  wbich  oocasioned  a  very  (importance,)  but  that  you  go  to  the  pro* 

Bioeplmre ;  eo  that  it  is  said  no  pheteaa,  &c 

fly  orer  it  withont  being  euffoca-  455.  Seettndot  mntu :  prosperoua  talla — 

tm  it  derired  its  name.    From  tho  full  saila.    iStnitf  it  properiy  the  middle,  or 

■ality  of  ite   waten,  the  poeta  bclly  of  the  sail ;  here  put  for  tho  whole  saiL 

B  bethemoiith  ofhelL   See  iEn.  The  exprenion   impliee  that  the  wind  be 

fair  for  proeecuting  their  voyage.     It  woald 

■M»  — |«w  •'  the  inepirod  pro-  be  botter  to  road  thiB  and  thc  prooeding  line 

ai  a  parentheaia.     Ft ;  iu  Ihe  wvom  oA  %t 

Ml.*  iMpa»  i»  the  eeoae  of  ggph'"  hemenier. 


870  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

466.  Poscasque  pre-  Quin  Adeaa  vatem,  precibusque  oracula  _ 
dbiM  ui  ipsa  caiiat  ora-  jpg^  cannl,  vocemque  volens  atque  ora  MolvBt^ 

ym!im     "'"'''"  ^"*  ^'^'-  '^^^^»  P«P">^«'  ventuiuque  bella,        ^ 

45B.  Illa  expediet  tibi  ^^  H^^  qncmque  modo  fugiasque  feraaque  laboM 
popuioa  ItaliiB  Expediet ;  cursusque  dabit  venerata  aecundoB. 

400.  lUa  venerata  da-  Hojc  sunt,  qunj  nostr&  liceat  te  voce  rooneri. 
^  Vade,  ago,  et  ingentem  fiictis  fer  ad  «thera  Troji 

Que  postqu&m  vates  sic  ore  efiatus  amico  eal| 
Dona  dehinc  auro  gravia  sectoque  elephanto 
Imperat  nd  navea  ferri,  stipatque  carinia 
Ingens  argentum,  DodonsiOBque  lebetaa, 
i  Loricam  consertam  hami&,  auroque  triliceiiL, 

£t  conum  insignis  galeie,  cristasque  comantei, 
^  Arma  Neoptoleroi :  sunt  et  sua  dona  parentL 

Addit  equos,  additque  duces ; 
^  Remigium  supplet :  socioa  simul  inatruit  annie. 

Intere^  classem  velis  aptare  jubehat 
Anchises,  fieret  vcnto  mora  ne  qua  ferenti. 
478.  Necejae  est  ui  Quem  Phffibi  intcrpres  multo  coropellat  honore . 
pivterlahare  huie  ftrox^  Conjugio  Anchisa  Veneris  dignate  superbo, 
moM  pariem  liaUm  pe-  Qxxtk,  DeCim,  bis  Pergameis  erepte  ruinis, 

479  IUa  Dars  Auso-  ^^®  ^*^'  Ausoniae  tellus :  hanc  arripe  velis. 
nie   ttt    procul,  quam  ^^  tamen  hanc  pelago  pneterhibare  necease  esL 
Apollo  pandit  iibi  Ausonis  pars  illa  procul,  quam  pandit  ApoUo 

NOTES. 

457.  Canal:  reveal— disclose— declare.  plates  (/rtitcem)  of  iron,  (astened  (r 

460.  Expediel :  in  thc  sense  of  explieabit,  togother  with  gold  ringn,  or  hooln 

463.  PoitquiLm :  in  the  senBO  of  cum.  468.  Conum*     Whatever  hai«  tl 

464.  Dehinc :  in  the  senfle  of  deinde,  the  fruit  of  the  pine  niay  be  call 
Oravia  auro :  heavy  with  goid  and  ivory.  a  cone.  This  form  is  ronnd,  and 
Ivory  18  the  tooth  of  the  elephant,  cot  and  in^  to  tlie  top.  Hence  it  'm  take 
polishcd.  part  of  tho  hclmct,  which  tiwb  i 

465.  Stipat :  stows,  or  crowds  in  his  ships  and  supports  thc  crest,  or  plume. 
a  great  mass  of  silver.     Carinit:  properly,  accusativcs  are  govemed  by  the  i 
the   keels ;    here   taken   for   tlio   ahips,   by  469.  Sua  dona :   thore  are  ali 
synec.  father  his  own  gifts — giAs  euita 

466.  DodontBOt  lebelas:  Dodonean  kettles  dignity.  Arma  /feoptolemL  Tl 
— kettles  made  of  Dodoncan  brasa.  Dodona  maiK  the  helmet,  and  the  crcst,  ha 
was  acity  of  Epirus,  whose  brasswas  much  to  Pyrrhus;  at  whose  death,  t> 
celebrated.  Here  Jupitcr  had  a  very  ccle-  Hclenus,  as  his  successor.  Sua  .*  i) 
brated  templo.     The  manner  of  delivering  of  propria  vel  ii;9/ii. 

the  oracles  in  this  temple,  we  are  told,  wos  470.  Ducet:  pilota  to  direct  tl 

by  a  certain  number  of  brass  kettles  sus-  471.  Remigium:  m  the  scnae  i 

pended,  so  as  to  touch  each  otlier;  and  any  473.  Ferenli:  blowing  fair.     R 

motion  communicated  to  any  ono  of  thcm,  farenli,     Inlerpret :  in  Uie  sense 

would  be  grivcn   to   the   rcst.      From  the  475.  Anchita:  O  Anchises,  ho: 

sounds  thus  emittod,  the  meaning  of   the  tho  exalled  bcd   (embrace)  of  ^ 

oracle  was  gathered  by  the  pricsts.  carc,  &c. 

467.  Loneam.  The  Lorica  waa  a  coat  of  47^.  Ereple  :  agreeing  wilh 
armour,  which  covcred  tho  body  down  as  He  was  twice  saved  from  the  ruii 
far  as  tho  waist.  It  was  at  first  made  of  fi„t  whcn  it  wos  taken  by  Hcrci 
loathem  thon|rH,  whcnce  it  denved  ita  name.  eccond  timo,  when  dc3troyed  by  t 
It  was  aQerwards  made  of  thin  plates  (/a-  ...  /«  •  i  «1. 
mm»)  of  iron,  linkod  togcther  with  hook»  .f""  ■^'"ff  ^'^■J^'  P°"* 
or  ring..  The,o  platc.  r«re  .ometimc.  *'V'  >°^'  «h.piH-^W  your  cc 
•iniflo.  Kometime.  dr.uble,  «nd  triple.  Tho  ,^'''f  •  '"  """  """"  "^  "'"^ 
une  hore  mentioned  wos  of  the  laltcr  fonn.  "**-i*»' 

Hamit  auro<pte :  for  aureit  hamu,  hy  hcnd.        478.  Praterlabart:  in  the  aea 

Tho  mcaning  is,  that  this  coat  of  armour    ^"  ultra, 

tnu  of  iriple  fold,  or  cnnualing  of  Ihreo        479.  Pandit:  in  tha  wtnm  of  • 


iENEIS.    LIB.  111.  tri 

Lit,  6  felix  nati  pictatc  :  quid  ultr^  400 

or,  et  ikndo  surgentes  demoror  Austros  ? 

J1U8  Androinache,  digressu  ino^sta  supaBino, 

cturatas  auri  subtemine  vestes, 

3rgiam  Aacanio  chlamydem  ;  nec  cedit  honori : 

3U8que  onerat  donis,  ac  talia  fatur .  486 

et  he&i  manuum  tibi  (juse  monunienta  mearum 
iier,  et  longum  Andrornachae  testentur  amorem, 
is  Ilectoree.     Cape  dona  extrema  tuorum, 

aola  mei  super  Astyanactis  imago  !  409.  O  fuquiet  «ola 

dos,  sic  ille  manus,  sic  ora  ferebat ;  490  imago  mei  Ajtyanactis 

c  aequali  tecum  pubesceret  aevo ^   j  — f ^^      ""^  ™ 

ego  digrediens  lachrymis  aflabar  obortis  : 

felices,  quibus  est  fortuna  peracta  ^93.  Vivite  fohci»,fM 

.  :  no.  alia  ex  aliis  in  &ta  vocamur.  -^9^  Voo.™.„  ex  dU- 

>arta  quies  ;  nulJum  roans  squor  arandum  ;    495fatu  in  alia  faia.    Quie 
eque  Ausoni»  semper  cedentia  retrd  paru  est  vobis 

NOTE8. 

Frovehor :  in  tfae  ■enee  of  proeedo.  sieM^  vel  tiqterDivent       Rueus  Bays,    i^iuf 

here  iii  taken  for  wind  in  gencral,  resiai,     Heyne,  qutB  tuperet^  in  the  3d  pers. 
iet  for  the  genut.  Aetyanax  waa  the  son  of  Hoctor  and  Aii* 

h'ee  minut:   likewite  Androniache,  dromache.      Hie  name  is  compounded   of 

oor    departure,    bringi    garments  two  Greek  words,  and  eignifioa  the  king  of 

i    (embroidered)   with  a  thread  of  a  city.     Afler  thc  destniction  of  l'roy«  the 

Greeke  were  delayed  for  soine  time  iVom 

•  conjectorei  theee  veatments  were  rctuming  home  by  contrary  winds.     In  the 

.  with  the  needle ;  and  accordingly  mean  time,  Chalcas,  their  augur  and  pro- 

abiemitu  aurit  for  a  thread  of  gold.  phet,  declared  that  Astyanaz  munt  be  put 

takee  pitturaiat  in  the  sense  oipie»  to  death.     For  if  he  lived,  lie  would  prove 

ir  preeents  uf  the  loom  iexiUibut  a  greater  hero  than  his  father,  and  would 

0  iiientioiied«  vene  485,  and  are  dif-  avenge  his  country.    Whereupon   Ulysses, 

om  thesd.  having  discovered  whoro  his  motiicr  had 

Ohiaim^dem,   The  Chlamys  was  pro-  hid  him,  killed  him,  by  throwing  liim  from 

■ulitaxy  garment,  a  caasock,  which  the  wall. 

iral  wore  over  his  corslet.    It  was        490.  Sie  iUitferehat :  just  so  he  movcd  liis 

ered  with  needlework,  of  which  the  eyes,  just  so  his  hands,  just  so  his  counto- 

u  were  the  inventora,     AVc  eedil  nance:  he  had  just  sucn  eyc»— just  such 

nor  does  she  fall  below  hor  dignity.  hands,  &c.     This  rcflection  of  Andromache 

lrf4p0fide<9*iMd^gfu/a<t,saysRuBBus.  is  eztremely  delicate  and  moving.     It  is  the 

ezplains  tbe  word  thus:  non  eedii  voice  of  nature.     Sho  immediately  adds :  £l 

iiberaiiiaie  ei  inimi/Eeen/ia,  taking  nunc,  Scc,    This  suggentfl  Uie  delight  slie 

br  Aofiore  in  the  abL     Servius  says,  would  have  felt  to  havo  seen  liilus,  and  As- 

tef  mmtiera^  qttania  merebaiur  ^teu"  tyanaz  together,  ongaged  in  friendiihip.  and 

»r  is  her  bounty  diaproportionate  to  fond  of  the  same  pursuits. 
ii  and  quality  of  its  object.  It  may  be  observed,  that  whilo  Holenus 

Onerai  iextiiibut  donit :    and   she  giTes  preeents  to  Anchises  and  ^noas,  An- 

im  with  woven  presente^presents,  dromache  is  entircly  taken  up  with  Asca- 

inrtion  of  her  loom.    It  was  usual  nius,  and  the  recoUection  of  her  iont  Asl^" 

len  of  the  hiahest  rank  to  be  enga-  nax.    She  confines  her  gifts  to  him  alone. 
tbe  works  of  the  loom,  as  appears        491.    Ei  nune  ptibetceret :   and  now  he 

»  sCory  of  Fenelopo,  the  wife  of  would  be  of  equal  ago  with  thee,  if  te  had 

lived. 
Pncr,  aeeipe  ei  hae:   O  boy,  take        492.  Oboriit:  gushing  from  my  eycs. 
Bse,  which,  iui,    Monumenia :  me-        494.  Jfot  voeamur  ex  aiiit  in :    wb  are 

Eit  here  is  plainly  in  the  sense  of  called  from  one  series  of  calamitics  to  an* 

nt  fuaque,  other. 

Longum:  lisfmg    continuing  long.        496.    Cedenlia :    a  part.   airreeini^    with 

O   taia  imago :    O  thou,  the  only  arva :  retreating,  or  fleeing  backward.     li 

if  mj  Aatjaaai;,  remaining  to  me !  impljes  an  impatience  on  ihe  paiX.  oV  fiMMa 

MV«  M  piMBllsr  is  Ihs  sBtis»  af  super'  Xo  arrivo  at.  and  take  poaaeMivon  ot  Vi^ ^«» 


87S  P.  VIRGlLll  MARONJU 

Quserenda  :  efiigiem  Xanthi,  Trojain(|ue  viiletMi 
Quain  vestTflB  fecere  manus.  melioribus,  o|>to, 
Auspiciis,  et'  quae  fuerit  mmus  obvia  Graiii. 
Si  quaiido  Tybrim  vicinaque  Tybridis  arva 
[ntraro  gentique  mesB  data  moenia  cemam  : 
6U2.  FaciemuB    olim  Cognatasque  urbea  olim,  populosque  propinquos 
eognaU8<iuc  urboe,  pro-  Epiro,  Hesperift^  quibus  idem  Dardanus  auctor, 
pinquoH4ucpr>puloi,,/i««  ^.^^  ^^^^  ^        ^^^^  fttciemus  utramqoe 

m  Epiro,  mroj  tn  tlespe- rr,  ^.  .     .         '  ^.         a        -..—      « 

ria,  quibu»  idem  Darda-  Trojam  animis  :  maneat  nostros  ea  cura  nepotaSi 

Qus  fuii  Aucior,  aique      Provehiuiur  pelago  vicina  Ceraunia  juzta : 

quibus  fuU  idem  casut,  Unde  iter  Italiam,  cursusque  brevisamua  un^a. 

faeitmm.inquam^wXT^m"  ^\  ruji  interea,  ct  montes  umbrantur  opaci. 

que  Trojam  un  unam  sternimur  optat»  gremio  telluria  ad  undam, 

SortiU  remos  ;  passimque  m  litore  siceo 
Corpora  curamus :  fessos  sopor  irrigat  artw. 
Necdum  orbem  medium  nox  horis  acta  subibAt : 
Haud  segnis  strato  surgit  Palinunis,  et  omnes 
Explorat  ventos,  atque  auribus  aera  captaU 
616.Cirt5umBpicitAro-  Sidera  cuncta  notat  tacito  labentia  ccelo, 

torum,  pluvianque  Arcturum,  pluviasque  Hyadas,  geminosque  Trioi 

NOTES. 

tmed  country.    And,  althoogh  he  had  beeo  ed  frooi  the  larae  ■toek,  Dardami 

■everal  yean  in  pursuit  of  it,  it  wai  still  at  pazent  (ane/or)  «Bd  foonder  of  boll 

a  great  distance.    The  verb  tunt  ii  to  be  foriure— calaniity. 
■upplied  with  quetrendti.  506.  Cerauma :   nen.  phL     Tl 

497.  Effigiem  Xantki :  the  image  or  re-  ezceeding  high  mountaiaa  on  tha 

presentation  of  Xaiithus.     It  appeam  that  Epirus,  eo  called  from  their  being 

Andromache  gave  ttie  name  of  Xaiithue  to  posod  to  tliunder.      They  are  i 

some  river  of  Epirus,  and  ahio  tlie  name  of  called  Acroctraunia.     Thcy  lie  ov 

Troy  to  somc  town.     Xanthua  was  a  rivcr  the  promontory  of  iapjfgium,     He 

of  Troy,  the  Bame  as  Seamander.     Homer  tance  between  Italy  and  Epirus  ia 

■ayi  its  first  naine  waa  given  by  the  gods,  est ;  it  is  said  ahout  50  miles. 

but  the  latter  by  nien.  in  or  ad  is  understood  to  govem  i 

409.  jMelioribtu  auspieiit :  for  better  for-         508.  RuH :  in  the  sense  of  oeei 
tune.     Oitvia :  in  the  scnse  of  exposiia,  509.  Stemimur :  in  the  sense  o 

501.  Data :  in  tho  Bonne  of  destinata,  dle  voice  of  the  Grecks:  we  throii 

SOi.  Olitn.   This  word  refers  to  time  past,  down  upon  the  bosom  of  the  wiiihe 
and  also  to  timo  to  como.    This  last  is  Uie        510.  JSortitt  remos :  havingdietj 

meaning  here^hereafter.  oars  by  lot— having  cast  lots  foi 

504.    Faeiemiu  olim  eognaias  :    wo  will  to  see  who  should  perfonn  the  du 

make  hereafler  the  kindrod  cities,  and  re-  men.     This  they  did  before  they 

■embling  poople   (yours)   in   Epirus,  (and  rest,  that  they  mighi  start  the  foU 

mine)  in  italy,  &c.     Buthrotua,  tho  city  of  without  hindrance  or  delay.     • 

Helenus,  boro  sonie  resemblance,  perhape,  refcrs  to  «/emtitur,  and  not  to  m 

to  old  Troy ;  or  Uiis  may  be  the  city  which  soine  copies. 
he  called  by  the  naine  of  Troy.      ^.neas,         511.  Curamus:    we  rcfresb   c 

when  lio  arrived  in  Italy,  intended  to  build  Irrigat :   invigorates.     This  ia  i 

a  city,  and  call  it  Troy ;   each  of  which  metaphor.     It  is  taken  from  the 

nUes,  utranque  Trojam,  he  designed  should  intiuence  which  genUe  8howorB. 

L«  one   in  aifection  and  good  will.     The  lating  streama,  have  upon  the  U 

di^tance  of  tho  Tiber  from  Epirus  is  too  and  parched  herbs. 
great  to  justify  the  taking  of  propinquoe  in        512.  Aeta  *  in  the  senee  of  jNm* 

the  sense  of  vicinos^  as  Ru»us  has  it     Mr.  dum^  Slo.    This  i^  a  fine  circural 

Davidnon  rendera  it  by  altied^  (near  of  kin ;)  denote  that  it  was  not  yel  midni( 
Dut  this  is  mcre  tautology.     That  roIaUon        516.  •iretuntm.     ArctnruB,a^t 

!■  ■ufficicntly  exprossed  by  r^ignatas,     It  ap-  tail  of  the  Great  Bear :  it  risee 

pears  the  bctter  to   understand   it,  of  the  beginning  of  October.    8ee  Geor 

people  reseinbling  each  other  in  mannera,  a£tM:  they  are  «dd  to  havebeeo 

euMtomM^  and  habita;  both  haVmg  deeoand-  ten  of  ^l2a«,  kiag  ofManritania, 


JRNEIS.  LIB.  III.  «78 

:\%ie  auro  circumspicit  Oriona. 
cuncta  videt  ccuJo  coiistare  sereno, 
m  e  puppi  aignum ;  nos  castra  movemus, 
4)ue  >iam,  et  velorum  pandimus  aias.  -    I     &90 
t  nibesicebat  stelli^  Aurora  fugatis , 
rul  obscuros  coUes,  humiJemque  videmuB 
Italiam  primus  conclamat  Achates; 
!to  Bocii  clamore  salutant. 
r  Anchiaes  magnum  cratera  coronA  626 

iplevitque  mero,  Divosque  vocavit, 
A  in  puppi : 

et  terro  tempestatumnue  potentes,  528.  O  Dl,  inquU,  po 

m  vento  fiicilem,  et  spirate^undi.  ^^'^^«^  ™^'^ 

scunt  optatie  aune,  portusque  patescit  690 

Qor,    templumque  apparet  in  arce  MinerviB. 
nt  socii,  et  proras  ad  Utora  turc}uent. 
i  Eoo  fluctu  curvatur  in  arcum  ; 
saL4  spumant  aspergine  cautes : 

:  gemino  demittunt  brachia  muro  636     ^-  ^^^«*  ipse,laiei 

^puli,  refugitque  k  litore  templum. 

NOTE8. 

ing  immodwatalj  for  the  death  there  are  no  moantains,    becauM  tne  hifl^ 

otber  HyoM^  who  had  been  killod  est  perts  appear  low  when  mm  at  a  £•- 

oar,  pinod  away,  and  died.    They  tance-— or  becauee  the  aea  everv  where  ap 

1  namber.    Aflor  their  death  they  pcars  higher  than  the  iaad.    He  interpieta 

ferred  to  the  heaTena,  and  made  it  by  planam. 

the  eonstDllation  Taurut.    The  525.  Induii  wuignum :  he  crowned  a  large 

ippooed  their  riaing  and  aetting  bowl  with  a  garland.     Coronare  poeubmt 

ays  attended    with   much  rain.  tometimes,  sigiiiAes  no  more  than  siiiiply  to 

le  is  denved  from  a  Greek  word  fiU  it  up  to  Uie  brim.    Bui,  in  tlio  prceeiit 

le  ratfi.     TVtonei  .*  the  greater  caae,  ii  ie  taken  literaJly,  to  adom  ihe  bow 

bear,  iwo  consteUations  near  the  ufilhJUnpert :  othcrwise  what  foUow*  wiU  be 

more  iautology.     Mero.    Menini,  here,  ia 

ism:  a  Greek  aoc    Orion  is  a  taken  for  wino  in  general;  ihe  aptties  for 

»  neat  the  feet  of  the  buU.     It  the  genut.     Induii:  in  ihe  «wnse  of  einxit. 

.  tho  firsi  of  Maich,  and  raina  and  528.  Poieniet:   in  ihe  aenae  of  pratidet 

m  sappoaed  lo  attend  ii.    Hence  vel  reetoret.    MineUua  beauiifuUy  Uluslraies 

re  it  the  epithets  mwtbotut^  and  ihe  deaign  of  ihia  Ubaiion :  Marit^  qaod  na- 

£ii.  L  535.  and  iv.  58.    Orion  vigo;  iemt^  quam  peio;  iempetiaium^  quas 

bnted  hunter,  and  companion  of  timemua. 

einsr  bit  b^  a  serpeoi«  he  looi  his  529.  Ferie :  in  the  senae  ofdaie.    Spitatf 

fods,  takuif  pity  ««  him,  irans-  teeundi:  and  blow  propiiioua  upon  ua. 

othebeavons.    His  oonsteUaiion  S^X.TemntumMinerTeu   Strabo  mentions 

id,  ooosistinff  of  many  very  bright  a  iemple  or  Minerva,  on  the  pronioniory  of 

icolariv  in  his  belt  or  girdle,  in  lapygium^  which  is  tlie  one  mosi  probably 

nrordhaDgs.    Heishereaaid  to  meani.    Leguni:  in  the  aense  of  eo//i^mi. 

tiih  gold,  oo  account  of  his  many  Jiree :  for  monie. 

533.  Portut  euTvatur :  the  pori  ia  curved 

Ui  emmeim  eotuimre:   he  sees  aU  into  (ihe  form  oH  a  bow  by  the  caiitem 

idicate  fiur  weather— «U  ihe  aigns  waves,  and  ihe  cfiffa  opposte  cach  other 

i  iadirofiny  &ir  weather.    Poti'  foam   with  aali  spray,  occanoncd  by  the 

etehnn  hakert  aims,  ^im  t%gK\fi'  daaliing  of  the  wavea  againsi  ihem.     Thca« 

iaiemL,  aays  Scrriiis.  two  projscting  cliffii  fonned  ihe  mouth  of 

camu  coalr*.    This  was  a  mili-  ihe  harbor.    Eoa :  the  adj.  Eaitt  is  derived 

Msion,  denoting  the  commenoe-  Itobi  a  Greek  word  aignifying  the  mom* 

Bfch,  ffom  Ihe  plaoe  of  encamp-  ing^— alao,  ihe  £aat    Thi«  part  of  lialy  ia 

waahed  on  the  eaat  by  Ihe  lonian  aea.  Hoyne 

i/asMCf .-  ia  the  sense  of  fnc^sna.  reada  £iir0o,  from  ihe  aub.  Eurut* 

■lilcm.     Rmqs  thinka   Italy   is  536.  Seoputi,  Scopuhia  ia  properly  a  h^fk 

isw,  eilksr  beeanse  in  thai  part,  aharp  rock.    Tbose  bere  m«iiV\Qii\«A 

19 


874  L'.  VlRGU.li  MAROMS 

637.  lllc  Tidi  in  gn-  Quatiior  hic,  primum  onion,  equos  in  gnunine  vid 
Mine    primum     omon,  Tondentes  campum  iatd,  candore  nivali. 
SfXar.  ZZ.'.  Et  pater  Anchises :  Beljum,  6  term  ho.piU,  porti 
^  Bello  armantur  equi :  bellum  hiec  armenta  minan 

539.  Et  pater  Anchi-  Scd  tamen  idem  olim  cumi  succedere  sueti 
■ec  inquu  Quadrupedes,  et  fraena  jugo  concordia  ferre  : 

Spes  est  pacis,  ait.     l^um  numina  aancta  precanu 
Palladis  armisonae,  qum  prima  accepit  ovantea : 
645.Etvolamur7uoa<f  Et  capita  ante  aras  Phrygio  velamur  amictu  ; 
oapiu  Phrygio  amictu  PriBceptisque  Heleni,  dederat  que  maxima,  ritd 
^^  ^ll^*  "^"*  Junoni  Argivie  jussos  adolemus  honores. 
^''^  Hi„j5  ^^  ^        Haud  mora  :  continud,  perfectia  ordine  toos, 

Cornua  velatarum  obvertimus  antennarum, 
Grajugen{imque  domos,  suspectaque  linquimuB  u 
Hinc  sinus  Herculei,  si  vera  est  (ama,  Tarenti 
.  .   ;    Geniitur.     AttoUit  se  Diva  Lacinia  contrii, 
Caulonisque  arces,  et  navifragum  ScylacaBum. 
Tum  procul  6  fluctu  Trinacrim  cemitur  iEtna : 

NOTE8. 

btod  towen,  vid  stretched  forth  on  both  549.  Velatanm  antermanmu   T 

sidee  in  the  form  of  arme,  making  a  double  na  were  epan  or  yarda  which  er 

walL    Re/iigti,    While  they  wero  at  a  dis-  mast,  to  which  the  sails  were  faif 

tano9,  the  teinple  appeared  near  tho  ehore;  susponded.    The  eztremitiefl  of  tl 

6ut,  aa  they  approached,  the  distanco  be-  called  eomua.    Bj  ihifting  or  ti 

tween  it  and  the  port  Momed  to  increaae.  sailg,  he  would  natnrallj  alter  h 

It  recedod,  or  flod,  from  tho  shore.  Ho  now  sails  southward ;  and,  aa 

537.  Hie  vidi :  hero  I  saw  tlio  first  omon.  along,  he  gives  us  a  very  particnla 

It  was  a  custom  among  the  ancients  care-  tion  of  the  country.    He  takes  I 

fuUy  to  obsorve  the  first  objects  which  pro-  turo  from  tho  promontory  of  /5p| 

sonied  at  landing  in  a  country  whcrc  they  551.  Threnti,     Tarentum   was 

designed  to  form  Bottlements :  and  hence  to  city  and  port  at  the  northcm  ez 

draw  prognostics  of  thoir  futurc  good  or  bad  the  Sintu  Tarentinus^  fonnded  by 

fortune.     Tondentes:  in  thevcnse  oi^  earpen-  son  of  Neptune«  according  to  Stn 

let,     Gramine :  in  tho  sense  of  pratis.  saine  author  informs  us  that  He 

539.  Hotpita.     This  Ruicus  interprcts  by  herc  a  colossus  of  brass,  made  by 

hotpitalis;  but  that  illy  agrecs  witli  portoi  which   Fabiut  Maximus  carried 

bellum.     Mr.  Davidson  renders  \lyforeign:  Not  only  tlio  city,  but  also    thc 

to  which  we  are  strongers.  country,  was  famous  for  the  actic 

541.   Curru :    for  eurrui,  the   daU     Soe  hero.     Hcnce  the  poet  givee  it  t 

Ecl.  V.  29,     Concordia  frama:    tlie  ge  tle  Herculean. 

reins.     This  implies  perfect  submisHion  to  552.  Contra:  on  the  othor  m 

the  will  of  the  drivor.    Ju^.    Jugum  pro-  bay)   the    goddoss  I^acinia    rais 

perly  simiifies  the  yoke  which  passcs  over  Diva  Laeinia  is  herc  put  for  thi 

the  necks  of  tho  horsos,  and  holds  up  the  the  goddess,  by  meton.     Lacinia 

tongue  or  pole  of  the  carriage.     Here,  per-  thet  of  Juno^  taken  from  th«  p 

haps,  the  harness  in  gcneral.     Olim :  in  the  Laeinium^  on  which  the  temple  g 

sense  of  diu,  553.  ^rces  Coulonii :  the  towe 

543.  JViimina :  in  thoBonse  of^mnt/a/«m.  lon,  or  Caulonia.     Caulon  was 

544.  ArmisoruE:  souuding  in  anns.  This  ther  south,  at  first  called  Aulon 
is  an  epithet  of  Pallas^  or  Minerva,  as  god-  valley,  which  was  in  sight.  It  w 
dcflsofwar.  Ovantes:  in  tho  sonse  of /(e/m.  by  the  Groeks.  Sej/laeitiniL  Thii 
JVo«  is  understood.  situated  near  the  southem  eztr 

547.  Adolemus  jussos  honores.  Rueusin-  bay  of  that  name,  founded  by  i 
terprets  thcse  woras  by,  offerimus  pnesrripta  Athenians,  according  to  Strabo 
sarr\ficia.  Jussos :  ordered,  or  appointed  vigation  on  this  coast  was  da 
by  HeCenuii.     See  435.  supra^  et  seouens.  Hence  it  is  called  navifragum^ 

548.  Continnb:  immcaiatoly — forthwith.  554.  ^tna:  a  woll  known  nno 
Rueuf  considers  it  an  adj.   agrccin^  with  volcano  on  the  island  of   Sicily. 

'Ordine,     Perfeetis:  ia  the  wnse  of  persotuiis,     to  be   sixty  niiles   in  cireumrcp 


iENEIS.    LIB.  m.  «7i 

iHuni  ingentem  polagi,  pulsataque  saxa  666 

lU  longd,  fractasque  ad  litora  voces  ; 

itque  rada,  atque  aestu  misccntur  arenac.  ^^ 

(f  Anchisea :  NimiHim  ha^:  illa  Charybdis : 

elenos  acopulos,  hasc  saxa  horrenda  canebat 

,  6  socii,  pariterque  insurgite  remis.  560     560.  Eripita  vot  hiw, 

i  mini^  ac  juflsi  fiiciunt :  primusque  rudentem        ^  '^ 

ait  IflBTas  proram  Palinurus  ad  undas :  .^^}'  ^"\  ^*^»""*  *»*"^ 

cuncta  cohora  «.mb  ventisque  petivit.  ""'^."^L^^Z/^Trtem 

iT  m  c<Blum  curvato  gurgite,  et  idem  remis 

tA  ad  Manes  imos  descendimus  und4.  565 

>puli  clamorem  inter  cava  saxa  ded^re  : 
imam  elisam  et  rorantia  vidimus  astra. 

iksaoB  ventus  cum  Sole  reliquit :  ^f^^  ^"^  ^^^  *^'" 

ue  vi»,  Cyclopum  allabimur  oris.  570.  Portui  ui  immo- 

18  ab  accessu  ventorum  immotus,  et  ingens      570  tus  ab  aoceMu 

NOTES. 

^Turlif :  in  the  ■enie  of  mari,    The  or  beBprinkled.    Thiii  ii  tn  eztravagant  hv* 

:  is:  whilethey  wereagreat  distance  perbole.    Catrou,  and  lome  others,  woum 

under8tand  thii  of  the  dowy  drops,  which 

^uUata :  beaten,  or  lashed  by  the  thrown  up  by  the  da«hing  of  the  waters 

yoees  :  in  the  eenM  of  toniiut,  against  the  rocks,  sparkled  like  stars  in  tha 

I  .*  in  the  eenM  offremiium,  eun-beamf.    This  appears  to  bo  the  opinioa 

^mda  txvdiani :   tne  shallowe  boil,  of  Heyne. 

nnde  are*  mingled  with  the  tide.  568.  Veniut    etan  tole,     These   circum- 

.  breaka  and  foami  upon  the  ahal-  itances  have  a  happy  effect  in  preparing  tho 

id   the  sand   is   tcMwed  up  by  the  readerforthe  followingdescriptionof  mount 

;  eddios.  £tna.     The  winds   are   huthed,   that   tha 

Sfpytil—   •taxa*    Seojindut  properly  boUowings  of  the  mountain  might  be  more 

a  high  sharp  rock;   tasum^  any  digtinctly  heard;  and  night  is  brought  on 

icks  in  generaL     Canebai :  for  prm*  that  in  the  dusky  sky  the  flames  might  ap- 

pear  more  conspicious. 

?ariier :  equally — all  as  one.  569.  Cyelopum,     It  is  said   the  Cyclopa 

VmMf  .*  in  the  senM  of  alUer,    ^e:  were  the  first  inhabitants  of  Sicily,  especiiU- 

BM  of  quam,  ly  about  mount  iEtna.     They  are  said  to 

^aiinurut  primut :  Palinurus   first  have  boen  of  gigantic  staturo,  and  of  a  na- 

be  creaking  prow  to  the  lefl  waters.  turo  savage,  cruel,  and  inhospitable.    Henca 

ad  rudenie^  for  rudaUem^  a  sub.  in-  the  poets  took  occasion  to  represent  them 

the  part.     By  this  they  would  un-  of  a  monstrous  form,  having  only  one  eye, 

1  a  rope  fastened  to  the  side  of  the  and  that  in  their  forehead,  and  as  being  can- 

the  help  of  which  the  helmsman  nibals.     From  their  vicinity  to  ^tna,  it  m 

he  ship  which  way  he  pleased.    Ru-  said,  they  wore  employed    by  Vulcan   in 

rpiets  it  by  tirideniem^:  creaking  as  forging  the  thunderbolts  of  Jnpiter. 

M  ioto  the  waves.  The  port,  where  JEuehM  landed,  was  near 

'^uneia  eokort:  in  the  senM  of  om-  theplace  whero  the  city  Caianea  nowKtands« 

near  the  foot  of  mount  iEtna.     The  Cy clope 

Jurgiie:  in  the  senM  ofjluetu,  were  supposed  to  be  tlie  sons  of  CcbIus  aiid 

Hnuff.    ThoM  properly  were  that  Terra.     They   took  their  name   from  Ihe 

tlia  dead,  which  the  ancients  sup-  circumatance  of  their  having  but  one  eye. 

I  \m   below — the   shade,  or   ghost.  This  tradition  originated  from  their  custom 

Mi  it  is  used  for  the  place  of  the  of   their  wearing  small  bucklcrs  of  stool, 

id  eometimM  for  the  infemal  gods.  which   covered  their  faces.     These  had   a 

■  meaoing  is :  that  when  they  were  small  aperture  in   the  middle,  which  cor- 

»|i  of  a  surge,  or  wave,  they  were  rcppondod  exactly  to  the  eyc.     Thoy  weni 

•ery  high;   and  when  they  were  reckoned  ainong  thc  gods,and  had  a  tcmple 

U  m  betwoen  two  waves,  they  de-  dedicated   to  them  at  Corinth.     £tna    is 

Teiy  low ;  in  other  words,  the  sea  now  called  mount  Gibel,  and  stands  not  far 

I  TOKj  roogh.  from  the  eastern  shore  of  Sicily.     Its  modem 

7lHMreM .-  in  tho  mdm  of  tonitum,  name  implies,  the  mounl  of  mouxvXa. 

fimmmHmaatrm:  the  ■tarv  bedewed,  570.  tngen$:  in  tha  Mnw  o(  coikub. 


ei 


<rr6  P.  VIRGILII  MAR0NI9 

Ipse  ;  sed  horrificis  juxUi  tonat  ^EttMi  niiiiTs: 
Interdumque  atrain  prorumpit  ad  letkcra  nubeiHi 
Turbine  fumantein  piceo  et  candente  favillA. : 
Altollitque  giobos  flammarum,  et  sidera  lambit 
Interduiti  scopulos  avulsaque  viscera  montig 
Erigit  eructans,  liquefactaque  saxa  sub  auraa 
Cum  gemitu  glomerat,  fundoque  exaestuat  imo. 
Fama  est,  Enceladi  semiustum  fulmine  corpus 
Urgeri  mole  h&c,  ingentemque  insuper  iEtnam 
600.  Impoiitam  infu.  Impositam,  ruptis  flainmam  expirare  caminis : 

pw  ^'^  £t,  fessuin  quoties  mutat  latus,  intremere  omnen 

Murmure  TrinacriHin,  et  coelum  subtexere  fumOi 
.  S83.  Aoi  tecti  m  syl-  Noctein  illain  tecti  sylvis  iinmania  monstra 

VM  wirterimu»  Perferimus  :  nec,  quae  sonitum  det  causa,  videmi 

Nam  neque  erant  astrorum  ignes,  nec  lucidus  at 

Sidered  polus  ;  obscuro  sed  nubila  coelo, 

Et  Lunam  in  niinbo  nox  intempesta  tenebat. 

Postera  jamque  dies  primo  surgebat  Eoo, 

«A/>  m       c        «:  •  Humentemque  Aurora  polo  dimoverat  umbram  ; 
690.  Wova  torma  vuri  ^,  .  •*>  «       i  •  •  r    a  a 

ignoti    no6«,    confecta  ^""i  subitd  e  sylvis,  macie  confecta  supremt, 

■Qprem&   macie,    mUe-  Ignoti  nova  forma  viri,  miserandaque  cultu, 
rtndaque  cultu,   proce-  Procedit,  supplexque  manus  ad  litora  tendit.  ^ 
dit  k  sylvie,  Respicimus.     Dira  illuvies,  immissaque  barbaj 

^  693.  Dira  iUuvicb  erat  Consertum  tegmen  spinis :  at  c«tera  Graius, 
694.  At  qwmd  cietera  ^^  quondam  patriis  ad  Trojam  missus  in  armii. 
cro/  Isque  ubi  Dardanios  habitus  et  Troia  vidit 

NOTES. 

572.  Prorumpii :  in  the  tense  of  emittil.  to  them — the  appearancea    wert 

SP*6»  Candtnte  faviU&:  with  hot,  or  bum-  unexpected.     Hence    they  maj 

ing  embcrs.  with  propricty,  immania  monMirm, 

blA,  Lambit :  in  the  scnse  of  tangit,  585.  IgntM :  lights  of  the    sta 

576.  Eructans  :  in  the  sensc  of  evomens. '  lueidut :  nor  the  heaven  bright  ID 
Avulsa:  torn  loose.  firm&ment.     Poltu^  by  lynec.   pi 

577.  Giomerat:  and  whirls  about  melted  whole  heaven. 

rocks  into  the  air.  5U7.  Intempesla  nox :  profouni 

578.  Famaest:  there  is  a  rcport^  that  the  It  properly  siffnifieB  the  darkei 
body  of  Enceladus,  half  consumed  by  light-  night — midnighU  Hore  it  denol 
ning,  is  prcssed  under  this  mass  of  matter;  lity  of  that  night  in  parlica]ar« 
and  that  ponderous  ^tna  bein^  placed  upon  face  of  thick  darkness  prevailed  t 
him,  costy  up  flamcs  from  its  burst  furnaces ;  wholc  night,  like  that  which  prev 
and  as  often  as  hcy&c.  midnight  hour.    Aim6o:  in  thei 

Virgil  herc  givos  us  the  fabulous  account  buloso  aere. 

of  the  origin  of  this  burning  mountain,  and  588.  Primo   Eoo  :  with  the 

the  cause  of  its  eruptions.     Enccladus  was  Eous^  the  star  Venus.     When  It 

the  chief  of  the  Giants,  and  thc  son  of  Ti-  the  sun,  it  is  called  Ludfer  ;  w 

tan  and  Terra.     In  tho  war  of  the  Giants  afler  him,  Hesperua:  here  put  fi 

against  the  gods,  he  was  struck  with  the  of  day.    Aurora,    Sce  Geor.  i. 

thunderbolt  of  Jupiter,  and  placed   under  590.    Confeeta    tupremd :    wi 

raount  iEtna,  by  way  of  punishmont:  and,  with  eztreme   leannets.      Conf 

as  ofien  as    he  tums   his  weary  side,  an  with  forma. 

eruption  follows.     Ovid  places  TyphcBus,  591.  Abra  forma  viri  ign^i 

anothnr   of   tho   Giants,    under  the  same  man  unknown  to  ui. 

mounlain.     Insitper :  in  the  scnse  of  super.  594.    Tegtnen  eonsertvm :    U 

580.  Expirare:  in  the  sense  of  emi//frff.  aewed,  or  lastened  tojrether  with 

583.  Immania  monstra :    in  the  scnse  of  probably  conaistcd  of  the  leaw 

tnfanda    prodigia.      Illam  noelem :    in  tho  Ruoeus  says,  veslis  eoniexia  spu 

•ense  of  per  illam  noctem.  tera :  but  as  to  other  thing»» 

684.   Perftrimus  :    we  uidure  or  suffer.  gait,  language,  In^  he  wms  a  Gti 

Tbe  caoee  of  tlib  eruptioD  wae  unknown  690.  HaHhu :  iii  tka  aeMO  «1 


ifiNEis.  iJB.  III  vn 

procul,  pauKiin  aspectu  conterritus  hfesit, 
uitque  gradum  :  mox  sese  ad  litora  praeceps 
etu  prectbusque  tulit :  Per  sidera  testor, 

iperos,  atquc  lioc  cobH  spirabile  lumen,  600     600.  O  Teucn,  inquu, 

me,  Teucri  ;  quascunque  abducite  terras  :  ^^'  ^  P«'  "^era,  per 

it  erit.     Scio  me  Danais  d  classibus  unum,  "£2[°* «-:«    «.-     -^ 

0  lliacos  fateor  pctiise  Penates.  aniim 
lo,  si  sceleris  tanta  est  injuria  nostri, 

te  me  in  fluctua,  vastoque  immergite  ponto.      605 

!0,  manibus  ^minum  periise  juvabit. 

t :  et  genua  amplexus,  genibusquc  volutans 

at.     Qui  sit,  (ari,  quo  sanguine  crctus,  608.  Hortamur    fwi 

nur ;  qus  deinde  agitet  fortuna,  fateri.  ^^^  *l***  "^  «'  «*  V^^ 

iter  dextram  Anchises,  haud  multa  moratus,     610  f*"?»"*"®  P'®^"»  "''  ^^- 

vem,  atque  animum  pnesenti  pignore  nnnat. 

!C,  depositA  tandem  formidine,  fatur :  614.  AcliemeuideB  eti 

atrift  ex  Ithacft,  comes  infelicis  Ulyssei,  nomen  mihi :   profectufl 

1  Achemenides :  Trojam,  genitore  Adamasto  '"^  J'^i?"*      ••  • 

re,  mansissetque  utinam  fortuna  !  profectus.      616  ^„/^^;  Jl.^n^.rlJI!;'!^ 

j        ^       .jl  1  !•     1.    ■       1.     '  mores  m«  dcseruCre  mo 

e,  dum  trepidi  crudeha  hmma  hnquunt,  in  vaato  anu-o  Cyclopis 

nores  socii  vasto  Cyclopis  in  antro  dum 

NOTES. 

flatt/:  hesitated — ^paosed.  into  a  vossel,  he  giveB  thom  the  draadfiil 

Tutor:  in  Uie  ■ense  ofprecot»  narration  of  Polyphemut,  infonns  tliem  thai 

Hoe  tpirmbile  lumm:   oy  this  vital  this  was  the  island  of   tho  Cyclops,   begp 

beaven — by  this  light  (air)  of  hea-  thcm  to  lcave   it  inHtantly,  and   concludea 

lich  we  breathe,  and  by  which  we  moKt  pathetically,  that  if  he  must   die,  it 

Lumen :   in  the  sense  of   aer^  vel  would  be  some  comfort  to  him  to  perush  by 

tlie  hands  of  nicn,  and  not  by  monstcrs. 
iiiaeos  Pemaiet,     The  Penatet  pro-        607.   Amplexu*  :    embracifig   our   knces, 

tr«  the  botuehold  gods— the  p^ods  of  and  falling  upon  his  own  knees,  he  clunf 

Mmtrj.     Henco  the  word   came   to  to  us.     Servius  observes,  that  the   sevcnu 

oiie*s  house  and  country,  and  what-  mcmbers  of  the  body  were  con&ecrated  to 

peiWMi  keld  moet  dear,  by  nieton.  particular  dcitics :  the  ear,  to  mcmory  ;  tho 

L  >L  717.  knccs,  to  mercy ;  the  right  hand,  to  foith. 

Pro  fua :  for  which — ^for  his  boing  a  Supplionts  wcre  accu^omod   to   throw,  or 

and  having  taken  part  in  the  war  cost  thcmselvos  upon  their  knees,  and  em- 

Troj.  SeeUrit  injuria,  Rudus  says,  brace   those  of  the  person  of  whom  they 

if  ermunu.    Si  teehu  meum  lanium  askcd  or  bcgged  any  thing. 
I  Hejne.  608.  Crelut :  in  the  sense  of  orliu. 

tjparfiU:  in  the  sense  ofprofieite:        610.  Haud  mulla  moratut:  ddayed  nct 

>  m  pieeee,  and  cast  me  into  the  sea.  a  moment. 

Si  peroo^kc     Dr.  Wharton  makcs        611.  Prtttenti  pignore,     Thc  right  hand 

mriiig  rs^ections  upon  this  passage.  among  all  nations  is  considcred  a  pledge  oi 

{««ajs  he,ean  more  forcibly  strike  the  fricndship.     Prittent  here  signiiies,  ready— 

ition,  than  these   circumstances  of  propitious.     So  adtum^  I  am  prescnt,  signi« 

jdwiny  Trojans,  sheltered  in  a  wood,  fics  also,  to  favor — to  be  propitious. 
I  onknown  coast,  and  hearing  strango        613.  Ilkaed:  an  island  in  thc  lonian  sea. 

rible  noisee  during  a  dark  and  moon-  It  formed  a  part  of  tho  dominion  of  Ulya» 

;ht ;   and  not  knowing  whence   the  ses.     Hodie^  Itola  del  Compare. 
tl  aonnds  proceeded,  or  by  what  thcy        614.  Adavmtto:  Adamastus  my  fathcr  be» 

be  occasioned.      At  daybreak,  how  ing  a  poor  man.    He  mentions  his  povcrty  aa 

and  gremt  the  sarprise,  to  seo  the  an  excuse  for  his  going  to  tho  war ;  it  waa 

fipiro  of  a  man,  who  first  ruus  to-  nat  his  choice.     Sinon  plcads  tho  samo  cx- 

Miom  with  great  precipitation,  as  if  cuko.    See  ^n.  ii.  87.    Ulinam :  I  wish  tlie 

Mie  aaeistance ;  but  suddonly  starts  sanic  stato  of  povcrty  Iiad  rcmaincd  to  mo  ' 
the  B^t  of  Trojan  habits  and  arms.        617.  Ciftlopit.  Polyphcmus  is  hcrc  nicdiji, 

,  focovering  himself  a  little,  he  ro-  It  is  said  he  was  the  son  of  Ncptune  ancl 

»fliBf  bimaelf  intotheir  handa,  whsi-  Thoosa,  the   daughtcr  of    P\\Qtc^«.     \\,  *^ 

\f^  M  X^  eoneeqoence.    R»ceivad  said  that  Ulysses,  on  hia  xnVun  Cicvm  *txo^ 


978  P-  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

618.  Kjus  domuB  in-  Deseruere.     Domus  sanie  dapibuflque  cruentii, 
tui  esi  opaca,  ingcn»,  et  Jntus  opaca,  ingens  :  ipae  arduus,  altaque  pulnt 
piena  Haiiie  gj^^^  .  j)j^  ^^^^  ^^^  avertite  pestem  l 

Nec  visu  facilis,  nec  dictu  afiabilis  ulli. 

Visceribus  miserorum,  et  sanguine  veacitur  atro. 
993  Egomet  yidi,cum  Vidi  egomet,  duo  de  numero  ciim  corpora  Doatro 
iiU  resupinua  in  medio  Prensa  manu  magnft,  medio  resupinus  in  antro, 
poJrde3ro  numero",  Frangeret  ad  saxum,  sanieque  aspersa  naUrent 
prensa  magnA  manu,  ad  Limma :  vidi,  atro  cum  membra  fluentia  tabo 
sazum  Manderet,  et  tepidi  tremerent  sub  dfintibus  artm. 

628.  Feeii  id  quidem  Haud  impun^  quidem :  nec  talia  passus  Ulyases, 
haud  impundi^cUlyB-  Qblitusve  sui  est  Ithacus  discrimine  tanto.-i  '•^-|. 
■ei  pawofl  eM       a  ^^m  simul  expletus  dapibus,  vinoque  sepultus 

Cervicem  inflexam  posuit,  jacuitque  per  antrtun 
Immensus,  saniem  eructans  ac  frustra  cruento 
Per  somnum  commixta  mero ;  nos,  magna  precal 
Numina,  sortitique  vices,  unk  undique  circikin 
Fundimur,  et  telo  lumen  terebramus  acuto 
Ingens,  quod  torvft  solum  sub  fronte  latebat, 

NOTES. 

risited  SicUj,  and  the  straite  of  Messina.  632.  Jmmennu,    Some  read  Im 

He  loet  a  part  of  hii  fleet  in  the  whirlpool  to  agree  with  anirum,    But  inMMiii 

of  Charybdis.     This  was  a  dangerous  place  ferable,  referring  to  the  dJineiuMi 

to  all  who  attempted  to  pass  the  straits.    It  lyphemus.     Frtuta   eommixta  :  p 

gave  riee  to  this  proverb :  Iticidii  in  ScjfUam^  human  bodies)  mingled  with  Uoi 

qtU  v%di  viiare  Charybdim^  implying  that  in  Per  tomnvm  b  to  be  connected  1 

avoiding  one  cvil,  we  frequently  fall   into  iant, 

a  greater.     But  no  whirlpool  is  now  to  be  634.  Sortiti  viees :  having  drai 

found,  tufficiently  large  to  answcr  to    the  our  parte  to  act,  all  at  once,  we 

description  giveu  by  the  poots  and  other  an-  him  from  all    quartere,  and   dig 

cient  writers.     It  is  probable  some  change  Donatus  thinks  it  should  be  tenA 

has  beon  eflfected  in  this  pari  of  the  sea  in  etead  of  terebramiu:  we  darksn, 

the  course  of  time.  guish  the  light  of  his  eye  :   whi 

621.  J^ec  faeilis  viru:  nor  is  he  easy  to  exprese,  as  he   thinks,  the   quid 

be  looked  upon,  nor  easy  to  be  spokon  to  celcrity    of    their    action.       Buf 

by  any  one.     IUb  terrific  aspcct  filla  you  whom  Virgil  here  foUows,  ezprf 

with  drcad,  ajid  dcprivcs  you  of  the  power  tions  tlie  circumstance  of  the  bori 

ofspeech.    Serviussays:  Cujus  postii  etiam  the  monster^s  eye;    and  coupan 

aspeetus  ferre  formidinem ;   and   Stcphens :  tion  of  Ulyssee  and  hia  compai 

Cujiu  ne  aspectum  quidem  facUe  quis  nu-  carpenter  boring  a  piece  of  tin 

tineat.  cumfundimur^  is  probably  here  ui 

625.    Limina    aspera,     Limen  properly  eense  of  the  middle  voice  of  the 

signifies  the  thrcshold  of  the  door ;  also  the  636.    Latebat      lay   concealed 

door  itself,  by  meton.    If  it  be  taken  in  this  his  eye  was  shut  in  sleep.     Qi 

■ense  here,  then  limina  aspersa  sanie  natarent  &c.     The  Cyclops  are  representi 

may  mean  :    the    door  being    bespattered  ing  only  one  eye,  and  that  on 

with  the  blood,  trickled  or  ran  down.  Rusetus  forehead.     This  is  doubtless  a  fii 

■ays,  porta,     It  may  be  taken  eithor  way.  such  pcople  ever  ezisted.     Euol 

627.  Manderet :  in  the  sense  of  devoraret,  plains  the  fable  thus  :  that  in  t 

629.  Ilhacus  :  a  name  o^  Ulysses,  from  sion,  nien  see  only  one  single  obj 
Ithaca^  his  native  island.  Tanio  discrimine :  passion  directs  ;  in  other  words 
in  so  important  a  crisis — in  so  great  dan-  one  eye  only :  and  further,  th 
ger.  transports  men  into  savagea,  m 

631.  Injlexam :   beht,  or  reclined.     Per-  them  brutal  and  sanguinary,  lik< 

■ons  in  a  completo  state  of  intoxication  are  mus ;   and  he,  who  bj  reason  e 

onable  to  hold  their  heads  ereot.     They  re-  that  passion,  may  be  aaid  to  pi 

dine  them  either  upon  their  shouldcrs  or  eye.      Others   explain  it   by  al 

breast.     This  was  the  case  with  Polyphe-  Polyphomus  was  a  man  of  uncoi 

mus.     His  head  was  redined  before  he  lay  dom  and  penetration^  who  ia  th 

iowii  to  sleep.  presented  as  having  odIj  one  q 


iEN£lS.    LIB.  IIL  m 

ici  cljpci  aut  PhoebeaB  lampadis  instar  : 
iclem  Ittti  sociorum  ulciscimur  unibras. 
igite,  6  miseri,  fugite,  atque  ab  litore  funem 
atc.  640 

qualis  quantusque  cavo  Polyphemus  in  antro 
eras  claudit  {lecudes,  atque  ubera  pressat ; 
im  ahi  curva  hasc  habitant  ad  litora  vulgd 
h  Cyclo{>e8,  et  altis  montibus  errant. 

L  jam  Lunffi  se  comua  lumine  complcnt,  646  • 

vitam  in  sylvi^,  inter  deserta  ferarum 
I  domosque  traho,  vastosque  ab  rupe  Cyclopaa 
icio,  sonitumque  {)edum  vocemque  tremisco. 
n  infelicem,  baccas,  lapidosaque  corna 
rami,  et  vulsis  {lascunt  radicibus  herbffi.  660 

i  coUustrans,  hanc  primum  ad  litora  classem 
»exi  venientem  :  huic  me,  qusecunque  fuisset, 

1 :  satis  est  gentem  effugisse  nefandam.  653.   Satls  art  miAt, 

nimam  hanc  potiiis  quocunque  absumite  leto.  effugiaae 

ea  fatus  erat,  summo  cum  monte  videmus        655     655.    CAm    videmua 
I  inter  pecudes  vastA  se  mole  moventem  «uramo    monte,   pMto- 

■em  Polyphemum,  et  litora  nota  {letentem  :  ""  J^ZStZ!^    *^ 

,''  ■  I  •   /•  •  .1  fum,  moventem  mi 

xum    .borrendum,    miorme,    mgens,    cui    kunen 

demptum. 

a  manuni  pinus  regit,  et  vestigia  firmat. 

arw  comitantur  oves  :  ea  soia  voluptas,  660     660.  Comiianiur  eum 

cnque  mali :  de  coUo  JUtula  pendet.  ~  "'  ■«^*  ^^^"P^  V** 

NOTES. 

■  brain,  to  denota  hls  euperior  wis-  649.    Infelietm :    poor— ecanty.    Coma : 

id  ■mgacity ;    but  that  UlyMes  out-  the  fniit  of  the  comeil  tree.    It  is  round« 

him,  and  waa  taid,  for  that  reaeon,  and  protected  by  a  hard  ehell. 

>ut  his  eye.  650.  Pascunt :  iii  the  gense  of  nuiriuni, 

Phabea  lampadit :  the  lamp  of  PhcB-  J->ont :  in  tho  senBe  ofprabent. 

M  orb  of  the  Sun.      The   Grecian  651.  Coliuttrant:  in  the  eeuBe  of  aroim- 

vat  larce  enough  to  cover  the  whole  *pieient. 

md  ae  that  wae  of  an  oval  form,  the  652.  Addixi  me  huie:  I  have  surrendered 

iwMi  denotee  both  the  figure  and  mag-  njy«elf  to  it,  whatever  it  may  be— 1  have 

of  thif  eye.  given  mysolf  up  into  your  haude ;  do  with 

MiMeru    He  calla  them  mieerable,  or  "*  ff  ^??  P**'"?-    .        .,      ,  .  -k- 

naM  in  havinff  come  to  thie  coaat.  potxm  absumtie :  take  away  thie 

inff  ozposed  to  such  danffer       Sd  ^*^®  ^^  "^*"*  ^^  *"^  death,  rather  than  leavo 

f  hi.  intemiption  in  hi.  .p^ech  i.  "J"  ^^^'^  '°  '!'''  ^^  ^'  ^"'f'  "f  '''f  ""*"' 

>l7  be«utiful.    The  fe.r  of  the  Cy-  «^r.  of  rapMity.    jlbmmile:  m  tfae  khm 

Jid  the  recollection  of  the  dongen,        f^'X' .  ,  .  l.j  u— 

^rmT^mrenrto-^vfS    ^^^^  o^  '''^:    '^^^  ^n^^^^ 

•ames  the  subject.  the  sense  of  the  gen.     £*/ w  to  be  eupphed 

^  ,  .        .  ,  with  adempium. 

nforras  them  that  there  were  on  the        659.  Trunea  pinut :  a  cut  pine  guides  his 

a  hundred  other  infandi  Cyeiopet,  haiid.     From  this  we  may  form  some  idea 

Cyclupa,  such,  and  as  huge  as  Poly-  of  his  stature.     His  slaff  is  Ihe  trunk  of  a 

*"  pine.     Heyne  reads  manu :  in  his  hand. 
TeriiaeomuaLunm^ilG.  Bythiswe        661.  Maii:  in  the  senne  of  maeria  vol 

■nderstand  that  it  had  been  about  dolorit.      Fittula  vendei  de  eollo.      Theea 

Jiar  months  since  he  had  been  in  that  words  are  probably  iipuriouB.      They  are 

j  ntuation :  eum  iraho  viiam^  icc.  lefl  out  in  some  editions.     Heinsius,  Do* 

IhattUL  hutrm:  the  deserted  dens,  or  natus,  and  Heyne  reject  theia.    ((ot  ^«m 

Homer  mention  an^  suudb   caic^AiiiiAaaBna\ 


tm  F.  YIRGILII  MARONIS 

Poetquam  altos  tetigit  fluctus,  et  ad  «squora  renit , 
Luminis  effossi  fluidum  lavit  inde  cruorem, 
Dentibus  infrendens  gemitu  :  graditurque  pcr  tequo 
Jam  medium,  necdum  fluctus  latera  ardua  tinxit. 
d06.  Nostrepidirn*pt-  ^q^  procuJ  inde  fugam  trepidi  celerare,  recepto 
SrSdT^uppfTJr/sic  Supplice  sic  merito,  tacitique  incidere  funem 
merito,  recepto  ^  nobit   Verrimus  et  proni  certantibus  sequora  remis. 

669.  Polyphemut  Mn-  Sensit,  ct  ad  sonitum  vocis  vestigia  torsit.  — ^ — 
•it  Aoc,  et  torwt  Verum  ubi  nulla  datur  dextrA  affectare  potestaa, 

.  ?^^*  .,?**^!S  potegtaa  j^j^  p^jjg  lonjoa  fluctus  aequare  sequendo  ; 
datnr  i//i   &ffectare  not  i^i  •  .  wl  *        *  ^ 

de^trik    nec  potis  ett       ^laniorem  immensum  tollit,  quo  pontus  ct  omnes 

673.    Eztorrita  fuit  Intremuere  undae,  penitusque  exterrita  tellus 
ptmiti^  Italse,  curvisque  immugiit  i£tna  cavernis. 

At  genus  e  sylvis  Cyclopum  et  montibus  altis 
Excitum  ruit  ad  portus,  ct  litora  complent. 
Cernimus  adstantes  nequicquam  hunine  torvo 
iEtna;os  fratres,  ccbIo  capita  alta  ferentes, 
679.  TaUt  qu&lee  ciim  Concilium  horrendum  :  quales  cum  vertice  cebo 
imB  quercus,  aut  coni-  Aeriae  (luercus  aut  conifersB  cyparissi 

682.  Acer  metua  affit  ^onstiterunt,  sylva  alta  Jovis,  lucusve  DiaMB. 
foctof  precipites  ezcu-  Prspcipitos  metus  acer  agit  qu6cunque  rudentes 
%m  Elxcutere,  et  ventis  inteiuiere  vela  secundis. . 


NOTES. 

whom  Virgil  here  imitates.  Ea  sola  voluplas^  677.  Lumine :  in  the  aenie  of 

ilc.  probably  rcfors  to  his  shcep.  quicquam :  in  vain ;  becaose  we  w« 

663.  Inde :   in  Uie  scnse  of  deinde.     Or,  their  reach. 

perhaps   it  may  bc  considered  inerely  ex-  679.  Concilium :  in  the  sense  of 

^^teS.' Flurtus :  in  the  8en»e  of  a^uo.  ,,  ^«^!  .<^f^i/«-«  cyparisn:    euch  i 

ono    r>    ,     ,1        ■    .u                <•!  t  the  aenal  oaks,  or  cone  beann£  e 

668.  CrlanUbus :  itHhe  ,en«>  oi  taboran.  ^^^^  together  with  thoir  lofty  t 

669.  Sonilum  vocU.     Thi»  may  refer  to  The  cypre»  tree  bears  •  fruit  r«»mi 
..             A     c  .1                     r      »1:       u  ••  •  fieure  of  the  cone;  hence  caiJed 
the  sound  of  iheir  voice^.     For  though  it  is  rp^                           .      j  •     t  -- .     w. 

.j   .1               .     <r     i     «1       4i  •                 1  The  oufrcMi  wa»  sacred  to  Jove ;  hr 

said  tliey  wcnt  olf  siiently ;  this  can  only  t        r     -          j  «u 

mean,  tlicy  did  it  wiUi  a«  ifttle  noise  as  pos-  ^'"'  ^^'' ''  ^^.  ^*'*  %^^  ^"  ' 

sible.     There  nmsl  have  bcen  some,  to  give  ^^^^'^  <>'  ^^^^  \«"<^  '««« 

the  necessary  ordcrs.     But  raore  probably  to  ^^^.  Pracipites :  m  the  sense  o 

thesound  of  tlicir  oars;  for  «ox  sometimes  ^uocunque:    fbr  quoeunque  meio, 

■ignifies  any  sound  whatever.  direction  or  way  whatevcr. 

670.  Jlffutare  dextra:  to  grasp  or  seise  6B3.    Excutert  rudentet.     Ruda 
with  his  right  hand.  be  taken  for  those  ropes,  which  sei 

The  coran^on  rcading  is  dextram^  but  this  the  sheets.     By  the  help  of  these,  t 

is   more   difficult.      Heync    rcads    dexlra ;  in  the  sail  when  they  wish  to  go 

which  is  approved  by  Valpy,  although  he  wind ;  or  let  it  out  when  they  sail  1 

retains  dextram.     Davidson  obsorves  some  or  with  a  fair  wind.     It  is  usuaD 

ancient  eoples  have  dextrd  attrectare.  ed  to  the  extremity  of  tlie  sail,  < 

671.  Fluctut:  in  tne  sense  of  mare.     He  boom  or  yard  which  extends  tlie  si 
could  not  equal  the  depth  of  the  sca.  it  does  not  here  mean  the  eablet^ 

673.  Unda  iniremtiere.  Dr.  Trapp  says,  pear,  when  we  consider  thal  thei 
this  is  a  most  noble  hyperbole.  Sonie  there  ready  cut  their  cables,  ineiderefun 
are,  who  Uiink  it  too  bold.  But  they  not  667  supra,  and  were  out  at  sea. 
only  forgot  the  prerogativo  of  poetry,  but  the  rudentes^  therefore,  wiil  be,  lo  tet  oi 
real  nature  of  fear;  which  always  swells  ox  extend  the  th^ett^  so  as  to  sail  b 
and  heightens  its  object.  Penitus :  in  the  wind.  This  u  more  fuUy  expi 
■ense  of  intimi.  intendere  vela  tecundit  vintit^  to  s| 

674.  Immugiit .  in  the  sense  of  remugiit,  sails  to  the  favorable  winds.     It  « 

675.  Genut :  in  the  sense  ofgent,     Some  much  the  objoct  of  ^neas,  in  thts 
COpiBB  read  gent,  to  proceod  on  his  dirocl  ooiirse,  ao 


iENEIS.    LIB.  III.  m 

sa  monont  Ileleni  Scyllam  atque  Charybdun  : 

ique  viam,  leti  discrimine  parvo,  6B5  • 

cursus  ;  certum  est  dare  liiitea  retrd. 

I  Boreas  angustA  k  sede  Pelori  ^^  ^^^  ^^ 

jt :  vivo  pnEtervehor  osUa  saxo  g(i,„  nxan,  errau  jmt 

Idegarosque  sinus,  Tapsunique  jaccntem.  aiui  a  te 

trabat  relegens  errata  retrorsuni  690     694.  Fama  eit  Alphi»- 

emenides,  comes  infelicis  Ulyssei.  '*'"  ainiioiii  Eliil»  ep- 

^      •       •       <  •       1         V.  le  tioi  occulUui  via«  hue 

.«Etento  8inu  jacet  •nsula  contra  ,„^^,  ,„,„ .      ^  „,,„  « 

n  unuosum :  nomen  dixere  priores  extens  i  tuo  oru,  O  Are- 

Alpheum  fama  cst  huc,  Elidis  anmem,  t]iu«a,  uunc 

NOTES. 

i^  «o  aa  to  eecape  the  hands  of  closed  on  each  side  with  a  Htcop  rock.    Tha 

Heyue  Mjra,  explicarty  tn/cn-  prop.  i^  vel  ex^  ib  undcrHtood   bolore  riro 

rudenies,     Soe  267.  supra.  taxo.    Mefcarot  Sinut :  tJio  bay  ol*  Megara. 

'i  juMta  Heleni:  on  the  other  Tliis  bay  lics  botwcen  the  river  Teriaa  and 

nmandfl  of  Hclcnuii  warn  (iiiy  Syracuisie.     In  thi»  bay  was  TapHUt^  a  penin- 

of  Scyllaand  CharybdiH.   Tliat  sula,  which  lay  low,  and  aliuost  levol  with 

>t  hoid  their  courno  in  oithcr  the  sea. 

reat  danger  (small  a  diHtanco)  690.  Monttrabat :    Acheincnides   pointcd 

»  determined  to  sail  backward.  out  to  us  theHO  thingn,  as  he  wan  sailins 

r  not  paBs  near  Scylla  and  Clia-  back  along  the  shoreB,  along  whidi  lie  bad 

lear  the  monHtor  Polypheinua,  waiidorod  before. 

iates;  in  either  way,  we  should  Virgil  here  follows  the  opinions  of  thoeo 

ent  daiiger  of  deatii,  we  deter-  who  iiiako  Ulysees  to  have  sailed  from  tho 

tad  our  sails  backward.     The  country  of  the  ^uiophagi  in  Africa,  to  tlie 

ation   of  this    passage    refers  soutJiom  part  of  Sicily ;    and    tuniing  thti 

m,  to  ScyUa   and    Ciiarybdit :  proinontory  of  Paehi/num^  sailed  aiong  tlie 

t  the  passage  bctween  tlie  rock  eastom   shoro,  and   vinitod  iEtna,  and  the 

ihe   whirlpool   Charybdis   was  country   of  the   Cyciops.     The   course   of 

nd  parum  d  morte  diMtare.     The  iEncas  bcing  to  the  soutli,  was  thc  rcvorse 

reforring  uiramque  oiam  both  of  tliat  of  Uiysses.    Acheinenides,  tliemfore. 

t  of  Meuina^  and  the  Cyclopt^  might  bo  said  to  tail  back  again^  witli  thc 

iasiest.     In  order  to  siiun  Uie  greatest  propriety.     Dr.  Wharton  ohKvrves, 

$acli,  tJiey  deterininod   to  sail  tliat  Virgii  is  an  ezact  observcr  oi'  probabili- 

opcn  soa,  or  from  wiiencc  they  tv.     If  it  should  be  obiectcd  liy  any  one, 

wind  probably  at  tliat  niomcnt  that  ^noas  was  a  poricct  stran<rcr  to  tliiii 

le  south,  and  prevcnted  thoin  coast,  and  could  not  bo  suppoHcd  acquuintcd 

tig   their    direct   courHo.      But  witli  the  several  places,  wliieh  lip  possed; 

he  nortlt,  they   changed   thcir  an  answer  is  at  hand :  AchpnieiiideH,  who 

sailed  down  tiio  eastern  shore  had  latcly  possod  along  tiio  saino  Rhoret, 

fiis,  aud  the  two  tbilowing  iines,  pointod  thom  out  to  hini. 

:ture«  are  an  intorpolatioii.  691.    Infelieit:    unfortunatc.      This  inay 

imtne:  in  the  sense  of  tpalio^  rofer  in  gcncral  to  tho  disaHterH  he  HuiTored 

also,  of  pcriculo.  in  his  retura  from  Troy ;  aiid  purticiilarly 

in  the  sense  of  ne.    Liniea :  iho  ioss  of  a  part  of  his  fleot  in  thc  straiu  of 

>f  tela,  Mcssina.     The  rctum  of  UlysHos  froni  Troy, 

L    relonis  is  the  northcrn  pro-  ig  Uie  subject  of  tho  OdysHey. 

n  tk.  SicUi<ui  .hor«.    Thce  f""^  "^»)'"'  ^"=.''""  ''»y-.°»"  "K'""'"  •••"•- 

K,ut  ono  mile  and  .  half  wide.  ^"""  ^'™"»*"'"»-    Th«  wa.  .  pron,...- 

owing  from  then,,  w.,  fair  for  ^'^  "f "  Syracu«e,  aEa.n.t  wh.ch  tl.e  wavc. 

.7  .  .  r  u    -1  trom  the  sea  beaU     Honco  the  epitiict  niutO' 

iwn  the  eastcra  shore  of  sicil  y,  „  ,  ...  «  i  »j  — 

the  direcUon  of  Hclenu..     It    '""'• ,  '*«'"~"  «•'"•?">'"»"♦"'>  «"'d  «>V»- 
n  .  •.  c  cuso  lay  tho  island  of  Ortmna, 

Boreat^  i)ecause  it  caino  from  ^  ^'^ 

Bneas  spcaks  of  this  wind  as  a  ^^3.  Prioret:  in  thc  scnw)  of  mnjorrt,. 

*r  commimioncd  by  Hcaven  to  Q9A.  .Alpheum,  Alpheus,  acclebmtrii  river 

him  :  Miutu  ad^tt.     ^ngiuta  of  tho  Peloponncsus,  riHiiig  fnuti  tiic  inuun- 

isay^:  anguttofretc.  tain  Slymphahits  runninf^  iii  a  wcHtt;riy   di* 

agUB  ottta.      Pantagia  was  a  roctiuii,  paHHing  thmujrii  a  paii  oV  \\etBiAv^ 

whoee  moath  (oi/ia)  was  eo-  and  Elis,  falla  inlo  Uie  iiiinut  Cypomuewu 


W3  F.  VIRGlLIi  MARONIS 

Occulias  egisse  vias  subtor  mare ;  qui  miiie 
Ore,  Arethusa,  tuo  Siculis  confunditur  undif» 

697.  Ul  eramut  juad  Jussi  numina  magna  loci  veneramur :  et  inde 
fiflleni»»  venerwuai  Exsupero  prspingue  solum  stagnantia  Helori. 

Hinc  altas  cautes  projectaque  saxa  Pachyni 
Radimus ;  et  fatis  nunquam  concessa  moveri 
Apparet  Camarina  procul,  campique  (jelm, 
Immanisque  (xela,  fluvii  cognomine  dicta. 
Arduus  inde  Agragas  ostentat  maxima  longS 
Mcenia,  magnanim{im  quondam  generator  equonia 
Teque  datis  linquo  ventis,  palraosa  Selinus : 
Et  vada  dura  lego  saxis  Lilybeia  cscis. 
Hinc  Drepani  rae  portus  et  illstabilis  ora 
Accipit.     Hic,  pelagi  tot  tempestatibus  actus, 
Heu !  genitorem,  omnis  curs  casCksque  levamen, 
710.   ffflOf  O  optime  Amitto  Anchisen  :  hic  rae,  pater  optime,  fessum 
pater,  deeer»  me  feseum  Deserb,  heu !  tantis  nequicquam  erepte  periclis. 

NOTES. 

696.  Arelkuta,    This  was  a  foantain  on  of  OtUu^  or  Otla^  a  river  not  ikr  fr 

the  west  sido  of  the  island  of  Ortygia.     The  marina,  near  the  mouth  of  which  afec 

Kets  foigned  that  Alpheua,  the  river-god,  /a,  once  a  large  {immani»)  and  raa 

ing  in   loye  with  the  nymph  Arethusa,  city,  founded  by  the  Rhodians  and  C 

roUed  his  stream  from  Elis  under  ground,  It  wafi  destroyed  by  the  Agrigentmi 
pasing  through  the  sea,  without  intermin-        702.  Dieta  cognomine:  cailed  W 

gling  with  it,  and  arose  up^  this  fountain,  name  of  the  river. 
mingling  his  waters  with  those  of  the  nymph.        703.  Agragas :  a  city  situated  at  tb 

What  makes  this  fable  the  more  absurd,  is,  of  a  river  of  the  eame  name.     It  M 

that  the  distance  between  the  Peloponnesus  on  the  summit  of  a  hill,  or  mountaiD 

and  Sicily  is  not  less  tlian  450  miles.   Egiue :  called  ardutu^  high.  It  wat  one  of  tki 

in  the  senso  offteiste,     Ore:  in  the  sense  cities  of  Sicily.     Its  horses  were  oe 

of/onte,     Undit:  in  tlio  sense  of  aquit,  for  their  porformance  aLtheOlympii 

698.  Exsupero :  in  tlie  sense  of  prviereo,  Hencc,  qiumdam^  &c.  onee  the  6r 
It  is  soinctimes  writtcn,  exupero,     Hdori,  generout  hortet. 

Hclurus,  or  Elorus,  was  a  river  falling  into         706.  Selinut:  aclty  whoseplaina 

tho  sea,  a  little  to  tho  north  of  the  promon-  ed  in  palm-troes.    Hcnce  the  epithe 

tory  Pachynum.     It  ovcrflowed   its  banks  ta.     Datit :  in  the  sense  offaventii 
like  the  Nilo  of  Egypt,  and  rendered  tho        706.    Lilybeia:    an  adj.  U'om   L 

country   fertile,  through   whicli   it  passed.  the   westem    promontory  of  Sicilj 

Hence  the  epithet  ttagnanty  overflowmg —  water  here  is  said  to  be  shoal  to  the 

stagnating.  of  three  milcs  from  the  land,  and  tb 

699.  Pachyni,  The  southem  promonto-  rocky.  Hence  lego :  I  coant  along 
ry  of  Sicily  was  called  Pachynum,  Hodie^  lybcHm  shallows,  dangerous  {dw 
Capo  Patsaro.  latcnt  rocks.     Rueus  interprets  din 

701.  Camarina,     The  name  of  a  loke  at  pera,     In  this  sense   it   will  allud 

the  80Uthcm  part  of  Sicily,  near  a  city  of  roughncss  of  the   sea,  occasioned 

tlie  same  naino,  built  by  the  people  of  Syra-  rocks  lying  on  the  bottom. 
cuse.     In  tho  time  of  a  plague,  which  the         707.  Portut  Drepanu    Drepanui 

inhabitants    iinagincd    originated    from    its  7Vq;ant)  a  city  ano  harbor  a  fow  mi 

■tagnant  waters,  they  consultcd  the  oraclc  of  north  of  the  promontory  just   nn 

Apollo  conccming  tho  cxpodiency  of  drain-  Here  /Eneas  lost  his  father.     He  1 

ing  it.     Thc  oraclo  advised  them  to  let  it  calls  it  iHcRtabilit  ora :  an  unjoyd 

reinain,  allcging  it  would  be  better  to  endure  It  is  said  the  inhabitants  still  show  1 
its  noxious  vapors,  tlian  to  remove  iU  This  708.  Actut:  in  the  sense  of  jactt 
explains  the  words:  nunquam  concessa  mo-  709.  Levamen:  in  the  sense  of  « 
verifatis;  never  pcrinitted  by  tho  fatcs  to         710.  Fessum:  weary — womouti 

be  removed.     However,  the   people  inade  and  niisfortunes. 
the  experiment,  and  thoy  found  tlic  words  of        711.  Ereple:  voc  agreeing  wit 

the  oracle  true.     For  tlie  enomy  ontered  on  paler,     In   placing   tlie  death  of  . 

Iha  ^ound  where  the  lake  stood,  and  took  herc,  Virgil  difTors  from  Strabo,  wk 

tho  city.  Hodie^  Lago  di  Camarina,     Campi  sents  ^ncas  as  arriving  in  Italy 

Qehi:  the  plains  of  Oelat.    OeUti:  an  adj.  father,  and  hia  eon  Aaeaniua. 


JRSE18.    L1R    IIL  8»» 

tloe  Yfttaii  Helenus,  cum  multa  horrenda  monEret, 

Hoe  mihi  pnediiut  luctus ;  non  dira  Celsno.  713.  DiraCelmo  iiom 

Hie  labor  eztremus,  longarum  haec  meta  viarum.  ^'f^^u- 

BIbc  me  digressum  vestris  Deus  appulit  oris.  716  ^^,^1,5.**  ^^  ^***" 

Sic  pater  ^neas,  intentis  omnibus,  unus 
Ala  renarrabat  Diviim,  cursusque  docebat : 
Cooticuit  tandem,  factoque  hic  fine  quievit.  718.  FiDe  narratiimu 

N0TE8. 

71S.  Moneret:  in  the  aenae  o£  pradieeret.  717.  Untu  renarrabai  :  he  alone  related 

714.  Hie  exiremiu:  thislmemaybetakeii  tho  purpoMt  (decreee)  of  the  ^ods  (toward 
in  tiro  ■enses  either  to  mean  the  end  of  him,)  and  declarcd  hie  wandormga.  Unut . 
Aaehieee*  labor,  and  the  termination  of  his  in  the  scnse  of  toitu, 

lOBf  Tojage,  or  that  the  death  of  hie  father  718.  ^uievit :  lie  rcsted — he  went  to  rest, 

wae  to  ^Moa  the  greateet  of  all  his  afflic-  Segrais  obBervee  that  the  second  and  Ihird 

tlOBi,  and  the  end  of  hie  Toyage  toward  the  books  may  be  recitcd  in  two  houra.     Tlie 

ItaKan  coaat.     Runue  takes  it  in  the  former  story  did  not  appoar  long  to  Dido  and  the 

maaa ;  Blr.  Davidson  in  the  latter.  guestd :  for  he  ceaaed,  inieniis  omnibut,  and 

715.  Deui  apjnUii:   a  god  directed  me,  at  midnight  too,  nor  will  thcy  appear  long 
diputing  hence  (from  the  coast  and  port  of  to  any  roader  of  taste  and  judgnient. 
Dnpwiiun)  to  your  shores. 

QUESTION8. 

How  did  £neas  employ  his  time  during        Who  were  the  founden  of  the  Trojaa 

Ib  reeidence  at  Antandros  ?  race  ? 
How  manv  ships  had  he  when  he  set  sail  ?        Of  what  country  were  they  natives  ? 
At  what  time  of  the  vear  did  he  set  sail?        From  Crete,  to  what  country  was  he  di« 

f-     How  long  probably  auerthe  capture  of  the  rected  to  sail  ? 

^4tMjt  How  did  he  receive  this  instruction  f 

tt   To  what  place  did  he  direct  his  course  ?  What  befel  him  soon  aflor  he  set  sail  ? 

^    What  oHy  did  he  found  in  Thrace  ?  What  land  did  he  firat  make  ? 

i'    What  did  he  eall  the  name  of  it ?  In  what  sea  are  tho  Strophados ? 

^   Wliat  did  he  call  his  followera  from  this        By  whom  were  these  islands  inhabited  ? 
stance?  Who  was  the  chief  of  the  Harpies? 

hm  ooon  abandon  the  idea  of  remain-        Did  she  give  to  iEneas  any  intiination  of 

■*%gfci  Tbraee?  suffcring  and  want,  before  he  should  find  a 

Why  did  ho  thus  abandon  it?  permanent  settlement? 
Who  was  Polydorus?  How  was  this  prediction  accomplished  ? 

How  came  he  by  hia  death  ?  From  these  islands,  which  way  did  he  di« 

Ttam  Thrace,  to  what  place  did  JEneas  rect  his  course  ? 

fab  couree  ?  At  what  places  did  he  land  ? 

Wfacre  ia  Delos  sitoated  ?  What  games  did  he  celebrate  ? 

Of  what  cluster  of  islands  is  it  one  ?  For  what  was  this  coast  colebrated  ? 

How  was  he  here  received  ?  Between  whom  was  the  battle  fou^ht  f 

f  Who  was  at  that  time  king  of  the  island  ?        From  Actium,  to  what  part  of  Epiruedid 

Fer  wbat  is  this  island  famous  ?  he  proceed  ? 

Wfaat  is  the  fable  or  story  respecting  it  ?  What  surprising  news  did  he  hear  on  en- 

ftom  what  Greek  word  is  the  name  de-  tering  the  port  ? 
~  ?  Was  the  meeting  of  his  friends  very  in* 

*  What  is  the  ngniiication  of  that  word  ?  teresting  as  well  as  unexpected  ? 
I    Did  fao  consult  Uie  oracle  of  Apollo  at        What  docs  Dr.  Trapp  observe  of  it? 
fti  pkoe  conoeming  the  Und  destined  to        How  was  Andromache  eniployed  at  that 

Ihi?  time  ? 
What  answer  did  he  receive  ?                      ^      What  effect  had  the  sight  of  £neafl  and 

How  did  hie  father  Anchises  intorpret  the  Trojans  upon  her  ? 
ttit  aaswer  ?  Leaving  Epirus,  what  sea  did  he  fint  pase 

Fkoffl  Deloa,  to  what  place  did  he  sail  ?  over  ? 
What  prevented  him  from  maiung  a  set-        How  many  miles  is  Italy  from  Epima  fai 

ia  Crete  ?  that  plare  ? 
Wkat  did  ho  call  tho  clty,  which  he  there        What  was  the  name  of  the  promootorjt 


?  where  he  landed  ? 

Wh^  M  Mama  ga  to  Cm^f  Wbat  oouim  <M  b»  Uina  UkA^ 


M4  P-  VIRGILII  MAKONIS 

Why  did  he  not  pan  through  the  gtndt  of       Hnw  Jarge  wai  tbeir  eye  wM  to  bi; 
MeMUia  ?  What  was  their  employinent  a'*<««i 

Where  does  this  strait  lie  ?  the  poeta  f 

What  is  tho  navigation    of  it — aafe  or        Who  had  been  upon  thia  coaai  & 

dangorouB  ?  time  before  the  arrival  of  iEneaa  ? 

What  renders  it  dangerous  ?  To  what  place  waa  Ulyavea  bound! 

Why  is  Sicily  tomotimea  called  TVtna-        Whatmiafortune  befelhim  in  thefll) 

eria  7  Mossina  f 

What  arc  the  nomea  of  its  three  promon-        What  did  he  do  to  Polyphemua? 
lories  ?  Why  did  he  thua  puniah  him  ? 

Wherr  did  ^ncaa  firat  land  on  thia  island  ?        From  whom  did  Alnuas  receive  tl 

What  ramoua  mountain  was  near  ?  count  of  the  Cyclopa  ? 

How  long  did  he  remain  ?  How  niany  of  these  giants  wm 

Waa  there  au  eruption  at  that  time  ?  then  on  the  ivland  ? 

Wha^.  effect  had  it  upon  the  Trojana  ?  Who  was  Achemenides  ? 

What  is  the  fabulous  account  of  the  cause        On  what  part  of  Sicily  did  iEneaa 

of  an  eruption  ?  ward  land  ? 

Is  this  very  far  from  the  true  cause  ?  What  is  the  name  of  the  porl  r 

Who  were  the  inhabitants  of  that  part  of        What  loss  befel  him  here  ? 
flidly  ?  Does  this  close  the  account,  whiflli 

Who  was  at  that  time  their  king  ?  grave  to  Dido  at  her  request? 

From  what  circumstance  were  they  call-        When  does  the  poem  open  ? 
•d  Cpehpt?  Where  was  Aneas  at  tbaft  timo? 


L.IBER  QUARTVSo 

7  ns  booK  «pcns  with  the  lovc  of  Dido  for  /Rnoas,  and  her  conference  with  bc 
4nna  upon  the  subject.  Juno  pcrceiving  hcr  passion,  conceived  the  plan  of  i 
i  connezion  between  them.  To  effect  tliis  the  easier,  she  endeavora  to  dran 
yver  to  hcr  vicws.  In  the  mean  tiiiie,  iEneas  aiid  Dido  prcpare  to  go  on  a  ] 
lunting;  and  while  in  the  chaRc,  Juno  raiBeB  a  violent  tempest.  The  thunder  rc 
ikies^  and  torrents  of  rain  fall.  The  parly  seek  shcltcr  wherever  they  can.  1 
&  device  of  Juno,  ^neas  and  Dido  rcpair  to  the  saine  cave,  where  the  godden 
^ratestheir  nuptials.  Fanie  iinmcdiately  sprcad  the  news  abroad;  and  it  reac 
eara  of  larbas,  king  of  the  Gctuli,  tlic  reputed  son  of  Jupiter  Ammon.  He  ) 
merly  proposed  a  match  with  Dido,  who  rcjccted  his  offera.  As  soon  as  he  hei 
she  was  niarricd  to  a  strangcr,  he  was  traiisported  to  rage,  mingled  with  gr 
this  state  of  inind  he  made  complaint  to  his  father,  who,  taking  pity  on  hin 
Mercury  to  dissolve  the  match,  and  to  ordcr  ^neas  to  prcpare  to  loave  Cartl 
Italy.  In  obedionce  to  his  coniinands,  he  privately  makcs  the  necessary  prep 
for  setting  Rail.     Dido  perceiving  his  movements,  cndeavora  to  dissuade  him  i 

Kurpose,  in  tlie  tcndorest  and  most  affectionate  strain;  but  it  had  no  influei 
iro.  Being  wanied  a  sccond  tiinc,  hc  weighs  anchor  in  haste,  and  the  1i 
Queen  beholds  him  lcaving  her  coast.  The  sight  wrung  her  soul,  and  drew  f 
lips  the  most  severo  roproofs  and  bitter  imprcoations.  She  enjoins  it  upon  hei 
to  revenge  the  injury  done  to  hcr,  and  to  pureuc  his  dcscendants  with  irreco 
hatied.  Having  ordcred  a  funeral  pile  to  be  erected,  she  ascends  it,  and  ^ 
own  hand  puts  an  end  to  her  existence.  The  nature  of  the  subject  rendera  tl 
hiiphty  intoresting ;  and  it  is  considered  one  of  tlic  finest  in  the  iEneid. 

At  regina,  gravi  jaindudum  saucia  ci  ra« 

NOTES. 

•  Hegina.   Dido  sometimes  called  Eliza,  calls  him  Meilen,     Her  grandfatli 

was  a  Tyrian  princess.     Josephus  iiiforms  Jiadczorut^  and  hcr  great  grandfat 

01  ber  fatherV   namc  was  Mrigimu.     Ple  IthoI)aIus,caIled  in  ScriptureJEJf/i6cM 

obtained  his  information  from  the  rocords  of  daughtcr  Jczebel  was  marricd  to  Ah 

tllio  Tvrians:  and  Theophilus  of  Antioch  of  krecl.    Virgil,  however.  makoa  ti 


6.    Puvteni     Anron 


iExNElS.     LFB.  IV. 

ibiiis  alit  venia,  et  cieco  carpitur  igni. 

nlta  rin  virtus  animo,  multusque  recursat 

uitis  honos :  herent  infixi  pectore  vultus, 

»riMii)ue :  nec  placidam  menibris  dat  cura  quictem.      5 

Postera  PhwbeA  lustrabat  lampade  terras,  lurtrabai^iro  PL«be4 

umentemque  Aurora  polo  dimovcrat  mnbram.  Umpade 

NOTES. 

ber  fkther  to  be  Behu.  JEn,  i.  625.  Marol-  hcr  arrival  in   Africa,  found  Cartha§e  al- 

■  has^iTen  aiiBtof  the  kingaof  Tyro,  and  ready  built,  aiid  tliat  she  onlj  fortificd  it, 

ikea  Belut  an  abbreviation  of  Ithobalus^  and  added  a   tower  or  citado.',  which  slie 

I  father  of  Pjgmalion  and  Dido;  but  he  callcd  BifrMn,     This  word  is  cvidcntly  from 

lotrs  fahuloufi  and  traditionary  accounts,  tlie  Hebrew  Botra^  which  mcum»  a  fortiBi  a- 

Hch  should  always  be  received  with  cau-  tion,  or  fortiticd  ploco.     Thu  GreckH,  mit- 

B.      Among  other  thinga,  what  rcnders  taking  tho  m«>aning,  or  overlooking  it,  nup- 

i  account  doubtlul,  ia,  that  he  brings  Dido  posed,  from  thc  similarity  of  tlie  words,  that 

oii  tlie  stage  of  action  more  than  a  hun-  it  was  tlie  same  with  their  Bjfrui^  which 

id  jears  before  the  destruction  of  Troy.  mcans  a  buirs  hide.     Virgil  followcd  the  re- 

After  the  death  of  hia  father,  Pygmalion  ceivcd  opinion.    See  I£,n,  i.  367.  It  huM  been 

sended  the  throne.    He  was  an  avaricious  tho  gcneral  opinion  that  Virgii,  in  niakhig 

o? 


•  and  stopped  at  notliing  by  which  he  iEncas  and  Dido  cotemporary,  i»  guitty 

ajd  incrrase  his  richcs.    He  conceivcd  the  an  anachronism.    Bociiart  iMpositivc  of  this, 

iD  of  uiurdering./lcfr6ar,  or  iS^ic/iar^rM,  the  and  says  that  all  the  ancieiit  chronoiogers 

,oved  husband  of  his  sistor.     Virgil  calls  of  any  credit,  place  the  destruction  of  Troy, 

n  Sirhenu^  so(\ening  the  name  to  make  at  least  60  years  before  Uie  reign  of  Saul, 

flow  more  easily  into  his  verse.     Sichfrus  king  of  Isracl ;  and  tlio  time  of  Dido^s  build- 

M  tlie  rirhest  of  all  the  Tyrians.     Pyg-  ing  Byrsa^  thc  fortreMs  of  Carthage,  at  least 

Jion  covcted  his  treasures ;  but  thcre  was  200  ycars  afler  it,  makiiig  1^60  ycars  to  in- 

m^y  to  possess  them  while  ho  was  living.  tcrvcnc  bctweon  tho    destniotion  of  Troj, 

I  therefore  fonncd  the  purpose  of  taking  and  the  building  of  Byrsa,    In  this  caso,  the 

mj  his  life.     He  came  upon  him  unez-  deHtruction  of  Troj  will  be  1160  years  be- 

Btedly,  and  slew  him  wbile  he  was  per-  fore  thc  Christian  era.     Sir  Isaac  Newton, 

mmg  his  devotions  befbre  the  altar.   This  howevor,  in  his  chronology,  has  brought  it 

oeiout  deed,  the  base  prince  had  the  ad-  down  nearly   300  years  ;    and   thus  makes 

■■  to  conccal,  for  some  time,  from  his  iEneas  and   Dido  cotemporary.     However 

tar.     At  length  the  whole  matter  was  laid  tlie  case  may  be,  it  was  undoubtcdly  a  re- 

n  to  Dido  by  the  ghost  of  hcr  dcccascd  ceivcd  opinion  among  the  Romans,  that  they 

riMnd,  and  she  was  admonishcd  to  flco  wcre   cotcmporary,  and  this  was  sufficient 

r  eountrj.     Having  collected  what  trca-  forthepoct;  andeven  if  hekncw  otherwise. 

m  ■he  could  on  so  sudden  an  emcrgcncy,  he  acted     prudeiitly  in  following  thc  gencral 

i   eeixing   some  vessels  that  wcre   tlien  opinion,  since  it  contributed  so  much  to  the 

idj  for  sea,  she  set  sail,  accompaiiicd  by  eiiibclliBhmcnt  of  his  poem. 

iBj  of  hcr  countrymen  :  and,  after  a  long  Jamdudum :    a  Umg  vhile.     Scrvius  ex- 

diedious  voyage,  she  arrivcd  in  Arrica.  piai,,»  iiby  Mimiiim,orr«Atr/if/i/ir>j.  Though 

■ppears  to  havo  been  hcr  purpose  to  loin  ^  ^^^^^^  ^^^^y  ^  ^^^^  ^j^j^  ^^^^^  Alnena  caqie 

I  eountrjmen,  who,  manj  years  before,  ^^  Carthage,   yet,  witli  rcspcct    to    Dido's 

liir  Xorus  and  Carchedon,  had  formcd  a  pa«,io„^  ^^d  the  impaUence  of  hcr  love,  it 

ikment,  to  which  they  gave  the  name  of  ,„•  |,^  be  said  to  be  a  long  time,      Cura: 

hui,  about  15  miles  from  Ihe  place  whcro  R^^^g           solitUudine, 

■nt  now  stands.     This  place  was  after-  »>....            >             •  i                   j  • 

Sr»n7eiTfamou.  bj  Ibe  death  of  tho  ^  «.  Jll^i  vulnus:  she  nounshes  a  wound  m 

Sod  C«/o,  who  was  hence  called  Calo,  herveins,and  i.  consumed  by  the  secret  fire 

%^,     bido  met  with  a  welcome  recep-  of  love.     This  is  said  m  allus.on  to  C  up.d  . 

SnS  was  desired  to  build  a  city  on  tlie  «J^^  ^^   o'«^  j,  '^^  ^*»™»'  '^  ^  *^""t'  V»^ 

«where  she  landed.     For  this  purpose,  the  latter  to  'nflame      Ccr«,  tgm.     Valpj 

k  parcha.ed  a  tract  of  countrj  of  the  na-  •«^y»  "  »  concoaled  pass.on. 

iiM,  manj  of  whom  joined  her,  together  3.  Mutta  viri  rirtus :  the  manj  virtues  of 

rith  K>me  from  Ulica.     She  callcd  her  citj  tho  hero,  and  the  many  honors  of  his  race, 

'JiAtrda  or  Car£^e,  which,  in  the  Phceni'  rccur  to  her  mind.     By  his  fatJicr,  ^.neae 

m  and  Hdsrtw  language.,  ngnifie.  a  new  dcKsended  from  the  royal  family  of  Troy : 

k    It  rtood  aboot  700  year.,  and   wa.  and,  by  Vtnus  hb  mother,  from  Jove  him« 

ited  bj  the  Roman.  onder  Scipio^  in  Mlf. 

of  RoaM  eOS,  and  before  Christ  6.  Pfurbed  Law^ade :  with  the  lamp  of 

RoUin*.  An-  Hi^  lib.  u.  ch.  1.  Phwbus,  that  is,  with  the  sun.    By  Jkfmm' 

who  eaj  that  Dido,  oo  m.    Paio :  in  the  eenM  o£  cvio. 


980  P.  VIRGIIJI  MARONIS 

8.  Mald  lana  regina  Ciim  sic  unanimem  alioquitur  mald  sana  Bororem 
alloquiiur  Anna  soror,  quaB  me  suspensam  insomnia  terrentl 

10.  Quis  novus  hospcs  Quis  novus  hic  nostris  successit  sedibus  hospes ! 
hic  BucccKsit  Qucm  sese  ore  ferens!  qukm  forti  pectore  et  amiiat 

12.  Eum  essc  gonus  Cre<lo  equidem,  nec  vana  fides.  genus  esse  DecruiB. 
Dfforuro  Degeneres  animos  timor  arguit.     Heu,  quibuB  ille 

Jactatus  fatis  l  quce  bella  exhausta  canebat ! 

Si  mihi  non  animo  fixum  immotumque  sederet, 

16.  Ne  vollem  sociare  Ne  cui  me  vinclo  vellem  sociare  jugali, 

mft  cui  in  jugali   vinclo,  Postqu&m  primus  amor  deceptam  morte  felellit ; 

pott^^^m  m^  P'""""  Si  non  pertajsum  thalami  toMlajque  fuisset ; 
amor  fefelut  me  tt  •         •  r  ^  •  u  i 

24.   Scd    optem    vel  ""^^^  uni  forsan  potui  succumbere  cuipe. 

mia  tellus  dehiscat  mihi,  Anna,  fatebor  enim,  miseri  post  fata  Sichei 
velpateromnipotonsadi-  Conjugis,  et  sparsos  fraterni  caede  penates, 
gat  me  fulmine  ad  um-  Solus  hic  inflcxit  sensus,  animumque  kbantem 
braa.  pallentes   umbras  injpuijt .  agnosco  veteris  vestigia  flammie. 
Erebi,       profundamque  ^   j      •«  •       i  ^  n  ^  •*  ®-        j  u-       a 

noctem,    priusqu&m,  O  ^ed  mihi  vel  tellus  opteni  pnus  ima  dehiscat, 

pudor,  ego  violo  te  Vel  pater  omnipotens  adigat  me  fulmine  ad  umbnA 

N0TE8. 

8.  Maii  iana :  thelove-sick  queen  address-  tum  signifiea,  sometimes,  ma  in  this  f 

ed  her  concordant  sister.     Unanimem,  herc,  distrcss — misfortune»— calamities. 
is  verjr  emphaticaL    It  implies  that  there        14.  Canebai:  in  the  sense  of  tiiim 
was  such  a  harmony  and  agreement  sub-         15.  Sederei :  in  the  sense  of  manm 
■isting  betwoen  thcm,  that  they  both  seemed         16.  Sociare:   to  connect  mjaclf  ii 

to  be  animated   with  the  same  soul :    (of  riage  with  any  one. 
unuf  and  animus.)    MaU  tana :  Mali^  here,         17.  Primut  amor:  af\cr  my  first  k 

has  the  forc<»  of  non.     The  queen  was  so  in  ceived   me,  disappointcd   by  the  dei 

love  witli  ^ncas,  tliat  she  disrcgarded  the  my  husband.     She  had  picturcd  to 

Bober  dictatos   of    rcason,  and   hcr  bctler  an  uninterrupted  courHC  of  coiijugal  I 

judgmcnt.      Valpy   says,    "  with   disturbcd  of  which  eho  wos  disappointrd  by  Uh 

mind."   Insomnin  :  dreams.   Suspensam :  m  of  her  husband.     This  led  her  to  enl 

Uie  scnsc  of  solicilam.  thc  rcsolution  of  nevcr  fomiing  a 

11.  (^nem  stse  fertns  ore  :  whit  an  illus-  connexion. 

trious  pcrson,  showinir   himself  (to  be)  by         ■./>    o-  ^  r  •     <     -r  t  1. 

hi«  countenanco  ■  of  hSw  grcat  fortitudo  ond     .    ^''-  **  non,,rrl^tumru,s.,l:  if  I  k 

,  *  becn  weary  (displeascd)  wiln  tlie  mi 

rpu^    r\    ^       r    i-        t         »  •     : bed,  and  nuptial  lorch,  perhaps,  &c. 

The    Quam  forti  peciore  ei  armts^  is  an  ,     '  \  ' ' ,     ,/  . 

^ii:  *:-.-!-         •        I.  •   .u      rii    j     /^    *  It  was  a  custoni  amonjr  tJic  Komans  t 
elliptical  exprcflMon.  It  is  thus  fillcd :  Quam        .      1  i    r       .1  1  •  ^     •<- 

-.5       ,    J    -  ••/        .       »/•«•!        T— .•  a  torch  before  the  ncwly  niamcd  wiH 

foritpeciore  esl  tUe;  ei  quamfortilnts  armis.  ,  j     *  ^  «    .1     u  c  i. 

w,^*'-.. :••  ..  i  u  •         ♦•11  .,  A  8hc  was  conducted  to  the  houFO  of  h 

The  prcposition  L  or  er,  bom?  still  under-  .       ,      „  ...      /^  .  r     .u 

.  ^  «J^^  4U      ui  ••  i>    «1  hand.     Hcncc  itis  oflen  put  for  theii 

•tood,  govommg  the  abiativo  cascs.     By  thc  «.u         1  . 

forH  puiore^  wc  aro  to  understand  his  forli-  cmsc  vos. 

tuda  in  undergoing  hardships,  aiid  support-  ^^-  P^tui :  I  might  yield  to  this  09 

Ing  misfortunes :   aiid  by  the  armis,  his  cou-  Potui :  in  the  sense  of  poiuissem, 

f«ge  and  prowcss  in  arms.  Second  marriages  werc  considcro^ 

13.  TVinor  arguil :  fear  shows  a  baso  and  putal)Ic  amon^r  the  Roman  women,  ai 
ignoble  mind.  As  fcar  argues  a  base  and  in^  a  want  of  respcct  for  thc  momorj 
ignoble  mind,  so  courage  and  valor  bespeak  deceattcd,  and  as  conveying  a  suspii 
fe  noble  and  divino  original.     The  poct  has  incontiiieiicy. 

fillcd  tlic  spccch  of  Dido  with  thc»o  abrupt         But  cutpa  is  sometimes  taken  siii 

half  scntcncc»,  aiid  made  her  spcak  incohc-  tlie  indul^ence  of  the  passion  of  lovi 

rontly,  on  purpose   to  show  the  confusion  ever  innocent. 
aud  perturbation  of  her  mind.  21.  Fratcmd  cade,     Sichcus  was  i 

14.  Exkaiuta  :  drawn  out — cndured  to  ed,  hy  hcr  brothcr,  at  thc  altar.  He 
the  last.  Not  only  be^in,  but  accomplished,  inunler  is  callcd /ra/mia/.  Faia: 
and  with  rosoUition  broujofht  to  an  cnd.  Hero  sonso  of  mortem,  Sco  note  1.  suprai 
is  plainly  aii  allusion  to  tiic  draining  of  soino  !22.  Injirnt  sensus:  he  alone  hath  € 
hitter  cup  to  tho  vcry  last  dreg8.  A  parti-  niy  inclinations,  tnd  mado  an  iiii| 
olple  from  exhaurio,     Faiis,     Tho  vrordfa-  upon  my  wavcring  mind. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  IV.  S87 

es  urabrafl  Erebi,  noctemque  profundam, 

»udor,  qu^m  te  violo,  aut  tua  jura  resolvo. 

00.  primus  qui  me  sibi  junxit,  amores  S8.  UIb  Sichmumhm- 

i  ;  ille  habeat  secum,  servetque  sepulchro.  ^*  "*®^  amores,  qui 

ta,  sinum  lachrymis  implevit  obortis.  30 

1  refert :  O  luce  magis  dilecta  sorori,  31.  O  fu,  inRglsdileo. 

perpetui  mcsrens  carp6re  juventi  ?  ta  sorori    luc£,  ■oU-ii« 

lces  natos,  Veneris  nec  prsmia  n6ris  ?  nMBrens  carp^re  in  por- 

rem,  aut  Manes  credis  curare  sepultos?  petu&juyentA.       

Begram  nulli  quondam  flexere  maritii  36  Si^hen,  aut  scpultoe 

hyai,  non  ante  Tyro  :  despectus  larbas,  36.  EmIo  :  larbaa  de- 

esque  alii,  quoe  Afirica  terra  triumphis  apectuf  «/,  aliique  duc- 

Ht :  placitone  etiam  pugnabis  ainori  ?  ^'^ 

nit  in  mentem,  quonim  cpnsederis  arvis  ? 

etul»  urbes,  genus  insuperabile  bello,  40 

lidaB  infneni  cingunt,  et  inhospita  Syrtis  : 

»erta  siti  regio,  kteque  furentes 

NOTE8. 

■ 

rtbi :  the  place  of  the  dead — the  in-  undertake  the  business ;  upoo  thiB  the  qoada 

gions.  rcbuked  them,  and  declarcd  Uiat  if  Ihe  ■afetj 

fUi,     The  anii  here  is  plainly  ex-  of  his  country  required  it,  any  one  sbouM 

Priiu  goes  before  it,  and  it  to  be  be  willing  to  give  up  even  hiii  life.     Th**y 

d  with  quam.     Some  copies  have  then  opened  the  whole  matter,  saying,  the 

nd  ntolcam,     Pudor:  in  tho  sense  very  thing  she  had  cnjoined  on  othcra,  ■bo 

liio.  had  to  perform  hersclf,  if  siie  would  consult 

xflevU  ginum :  she  filled  her  bosom  tlie  good  of  the  city.     Bcuig  takcn  by  thia 

ring  tears.     Serviua  and  Turnebus  device,  afler  mucli  lamentations,  and  niaiiy 

iM^  here,  fbr  the  cavity  of  tho  eye.  invocations  of  her   husband,  Hhe  doclarod 

MMomon  import  of  the  word  is  much  that  she  would  obey  thc  call  of  her  country. 

pfowive,  as  it  shows  her  teara  to  be  Having  passed  three  months  in  this  inannor, 

ore  copious,  and  paints  her  passion  she  caused  a  funeral  pile  to  be  erccted  in 

violent.     Re/ert :  in  the  sense  of  one  part  of  the  city,  as  if  to  appe.iise  the 

L    Luee:  in  tJie  sense  ofvila.  Manes  of  her  departed  hu»band.  uiid  to  oflcr 

•lo-ne  earpire :  will  you  fade  and  sacrificcs  for  him  before  her  nuptials.     She 

.way,  mouming  alone  as  a  widow  asccnded  the  pile,  and  tuking  a  Bword  in  her 

all  your  youth,  &c.     Ruicub  says,  haiid,  said  to  her  people,  that  Rhc  would  go 

enfficsieru  dolent  per  tolam  jurentU'  to  her  husband  as  thcy  rvquircd,  and,  willi 

it  earpire  may  be  used  in  tjie  sense  her  own  hand,  put  an  end  to  hur  exiKtcnco 

rreek  middle  voice.     The  mcaning  While  Carthago  remained,  she  was  wornlup- 

is.  ped  as  a  goddess. 

uiH  wunriH :  no  suitora  movod  you  37.  Terra  dive*  triumphis,   It  nppeara  from 

g— while   your   Iqss  was  fresh   in  «Sm^ta,thatthe  Africaiis  wcrc  the  invcntors 

imory,   and   your  grief  unabated.  of  triumphal  shows.     Somo  say  tliuy  uover 

in  the  sense  of  proei.    JEgram :  in  triumphed.     But  Justin  tcHs  us  Uiat  j^sdruf 

iof  doleniem,     7>  is  underatood.  6a/,   in  particular,  was  honorcd  witii  four 

rbas,     Among  the  many  who  made  triumphs.    Placito :  in  the  senHe  of  grato 

>u/e,  was  larbas,  a  rich  and  power-  JVe  is  interrogative. 

se   of  Africa,  and   reputed  son  of  40.    Getula  urbes,     TIio  Gntuli  wore  a 

.^MHian.     But  Justin  givcs  a  very  brave  and  warlike  peoplc,  to  thc  souUi  of 

account  of  the  matter  from  the  one  Carthage.     Hinc^  whcn  it  has  ila  corres- 

ire  by  the  poet.     He  says,  farbas,  pondent  hinc^  the  fonner  is  rcnticrod,  on  iht 

otten  ten  of  the  principal  Cartha-  onc  side ;  and  tho  lattcr,  on  the  olhir  side, 

iemanded  of  them  Dido  in   mar-  41.  J^umida,  The  Nuinidians,  a^ain,  were 

id,  in  case  of  a  refusaUhe  thrcaten-  a  pcoplo  ficrce  and  uncivilizod,  lyini;  to  Uie 

dare  war  against  thcm.     Fcaring  wcstward.       Inhospita    Si/rtis.      Buiii    tho 

r  the  message  to  the  quecn,  they  grcater  aiid  thc  less  Si/riis  lay  in  tlic  Siniu 

.ing  demanded  a  person  who  might  Libi/cus^  to  tho  norUi  and  cast  of  Ca^^Uiage 

I  and  his  people  the  arts  of  civilizcd  and  rendered  the  navigation  dangcroas. 

Uwl  no  one  could  be  found  who  was  42.    Destria  sxii      rQixdLQied    ^i«t\.  ^l 

»  Imt*  liii  relaUone  aod  friend§  to  droughU 


iOd  P.  VIRGUJI  MARONIS 

Barcsui.     Quid  beHa  Tyro  siuqgentia  dicaiu, 

Gernmnique  minas  ?    /~ 
45.  Ego  equidem  reor  Dis  equidein  auspicibua  reor,  et  Junone  secundli« 

lliacas  carioafl  temtisHc  Huc  cursuni  Iliacas  vento  tenujsse  carinas. 
cunium  huc  veiito,  Dls  ^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^         ^         ^^^^  ^^^ . 

tOBpicibua,    et    Junone  /i      •      ■     ,   ••  ,   m         a  •*      ^«l  •      ® 

P0ci^(]^^  Conjugio  tali !  Teucrum  comitantibus  annis, 

Punica  se  quantis  attoUet  gloria  rebus  ! 

Tu  modd  posce  Deos  veniam,  sacrid<]ue  litatis, 

Indulge  hospitio,  causa8<iue  innecte  morandi ; 

Duni  pelago  desxvit  hyems,  et  aquosua  Orion  ; 

QuassJLta^que  rates,  et  non  tractabile  coelum. 

64.  Animum  jam  in-      II is  dictis  incensum  aniraum  inflaQiinavit  aroon 

eenaum  amoro  Speinque  dedit  dubifle  menti,  solvitque  pudorem.- 

59.  Sed  Junoni  mte      Piincipio  dclubra  adeuQt,  pacemque  per  araa 
omnes,  cui  ju<;alia  vin-  Ex(|uirunt :  mactant  lectas  de  more  bidcntes 
cla  tunt  curtu.  Le^ifcraj  Cereri,  Pha^bociue,  patrique  Ly<eo 

60.  Pulclierrnna  Dido  Junyni  anle  omnes,  cui  vincla  jugaiia  cune. 

r^  fundlt  ,.n;:r  'r»  ,'«"«•«  «1«»*"-<1  ?»'««•»  pulchemma  pido, 
ter  media  cornua  can-  ^nndentis  vacc»  mcdia  mter  cornua  fundit: 
deatis  vaccs :  Aut  airtc  ora  Defim  pingues  spatiatur  ad  aras, 

NOTES. 


43.  Barcai,    These  were  a  people  to  tlie  54.  Fneeruum  :  baming,  or  ii 

east,  inhabiting  a  dry  and  barren  country.  love. 

Qut(/  dicam:    why  fihall   I  mention  tiio  55.  Dubia:  wavering.     Soivii  l 

wars  arising  from  Tyrc,  and  the  thrcats  of  removed  her  scruplej  in  reffard  to  i 

your  hrothcr  ?  Justin  savH,  wlien  Pygmalion  to  the  memory  of  her  late  husband 

undcrtftood  thnt  Dido  had  (Icd  her  country,  57.  Exquirunl  paeem  per  aroM  :  ' 

and  takcn  with  hcr  inuch  treatmro,  hc  dctcr-  peace  hy  the  altars.     This  reiera  tc 

mincd  to  pursue  hcr;   but  was  diHsuaded  of  prying^  into  tho  entrailB  of  the  t 

from   hi»  purposn  hy  his  mothcr,  and  the  order  to  know  the  will  of  the  ^odi^ 

IhroatH  of  tJie  goda.  fes  Itcias  de  more.     It  was  a  ref^uli 

45.  Junont  stcunda.     Juno  is  hcrc  parti-  no  victims  should  bo  oiTercd  to  tiie 

cularly  nanuul,  bocnusc  «hc  prcsidod  ovor  such  as  wero  without  blemish.    . 

marria^c,  and  becausc  Carthage  was  uiider  pro|K?rly  shecp  of  two  years  old. 

Iier pcculiar  prot(Mtion.     *^ usp icibus :  mXhc  68.    Lfgiferff.   Crreri.       Ceres 

9en»eoffnuiorihus,\v\auciuribus.  Htcunda:  daujrhter  ot*  Saturn  and  Ops,  and 

in  tlic  sense  of  projiiiia.  dcss  of  husbandry.     It  is  said,  she 

49.  Q'm;j/M  nbus  :  hy  what  noblc  decds  first  institutor  of  laws,  espcciall} 
will  thc  Cartliajririian  glory  cxalt  itself,  tho  niarriage.  See  Ecl.  v.  79.  PhtA 
inns  of  the  Trujans  uccompanying  yonrs  ?  otfers  sacrificcs  to  PhcDbus,  as  the 

50.  Sacris  liiaiis  :  sacrifices  beiiig  offcred.  prcsidod  over  futurity,  that  he  m 
The  propcr  sigiiification  of  liiarcs  is,  to  pro-  lier  favorable  omcns.  See  Kcl.  iv 
pitiate  by  sacrifice.  Sacrit :  in  tlie  scnse*bf  fnthcr  Bacchus,  as  the  god  of  ii 
Ftr/imij.  jollity,  thut  he  miftht  crown  the  m 

51.  Innectc:  dcviso  causes  for  dctaining  joy.  Sce  Ecl.  v.  69.  And  especu 
him.  onmrs)  to  Juno,  as  the  goddess  whc 

52.  Descn^it,  Rumus  takcs  this  in  tho  over  nuptials.  Cui  vincla  jugalia 
■ense  of  drsict-irt^  thc  prcsent  for  thc  future.  whoni  tlie  niarriage  knot  is  for  a  o 

53.  Abn  traciahiie:  in  the  seiisc  of/;ro«7-  ^n.  i.  4.                • 

iomm^yc\  soivum.  Car/Tiw : the air  or  weathcr.  61.  Fundit,  Scc.     This  was  aco 

itneas  arrivcd  in  Africa,  it  is  probable,  in  thc  manncr  of  the  Ronians  perfoi 

Ihe  latter  part  of  autuinn,  somo  timc  before  crlficc.     Afler  thc  immolaiio^  whic. 

the  approach  of  winter.     It  appcars  to  bo  ed  in  throwing  corn  and  frankini 

the  plan  of  Aniia  to  dctain  him  during  tiie  gcthcr  with  tlio  ino/m,  (which  wtj 

pleasant  part  of  the  season,  until  the  navi-  bran  or  meal  mixcd  with  salt  an 

rLion  should  become  dangcrous,  and  whcn  upon   the   head   of  the   victim,  t 

wo<:ld  be  iniprudcnt  to  let  sail ;  in  the  sprinkled  wine  between  the  horna. 

hone  tliat  having  passod  so  long  a  time  6^.    Spatiatur :    she    walks    In 

with  them,  he  might  be  penuaded  finally  to  images  (pra)  of  the  gods,  &c. 

"^ttie  at  Carthage,  and  give  over  his  intend>  custom  among  the  Romans  for  nt 

M  purpoBe  cf  aettUnK  in  Italy.  walk  od  holy  daya,  in  a  graTe  aa 


iENElS.     ]JB    lY 


que  iliem  donis,  pecnduinqiie  rcfclt^is 

J8  iniiians,  spirantia  consulit  extu. 

uin  ignane  mentes !  quid  vota  furentera, 

ubra  juvant  ?  est  mollis  flamma  meduUas 

et  tacitum  vivit  sub  pectore  vulnus. 

felix  Dido,  tot&que  vagatur 

ens :  qualis  conject&  cerva  sagitt^, 

-ocul  incautam  nemora  inter  Cressia  fixit 

^ens  telis,  liquitque  volatilc  ferrum 

illa  fugi  sylvas  saltusque  peragrat 
:  hsret  lateri  lethalis  arundo. 
Klia  iEneam  secum  per  mccnia  ducit ; 
]ue  ostentat  opes,  urbemque  paratam. 
ikri,  mediique  in  voce  resbtit. 
dem,  labente  die,  convivia  qusrit ; 
«  iterum  demens  i^udire  labores 
,  pendetque  iterum  narrantis  ab  ore. 

digressi,  limienque  obscura  vicissim 
mit,  suadentque  cadentia  sidera  somnos  ; 
lo  mceret  vacui,  stratisque  relictis 

illum  absens  absentem  auditque  videtque  : 
[uo  Ascanium,  genitoris  imagine  capta, 
in&ndum  si  fiillere  possit  amorem. 
*tm  assurgunt  turres,  non  arma  juventus 
portusve,  aut  propugnacula  bello 
ant :  pendent  opera  interrupta,  minaeque 
1   ingentes,  a&quataque  machina  ccelo.  _ 

NOTE8. 


65     05.  Kam  fiirmnem 


69.    Tatit^  quaUn  cer- 
f^Q  va,     sagitt&      cunjtfctii* 

2uain  pastor  agoua  teiia 
xit     incautani     piociU 
inter    CrcMia    ncmora, 
liquitque     volatile     ler^ 
runi  tn  vuintre^  ucaciut 
'j^/aen 

74.  Nune  Dido  ducit 
iEneain  aecuin 


79.  Ore   JEnea   nar- 

80.  Ubi  omnes  dignmA 
tuni  ad  qui»tem 

83.  lUa  abeena  audit- 
que  videtque 

85 


i«lbre  the  altars,  with  torches  in 
k,     Ora  :  in  the  eense  of  siahuu^ 

•Cf. 

laurai :  she  paasee  tho  da j  in  of- 
RuBUfl  sayt,  renovai  taerificia  per 


prying  into— ezploring  at- 
Spiraniia  *  throbbing — palpita- 
ia:  properlj  the  part  which  we 
ngs,  induding  tho  heart,  liver,  &c. 
itm :  in  the  eense  of  exlitpicum, 
IHm  Jiamma  eti  :  a  gentle  flame 
£ti  :  in  the  ■ense  of  edii*  f\i- 
1  tbe  eense  of  amaniem.  Taciium : 

9 

tHM  eerva,  This  is  a  verj  proper 
IL,  and  agrees  almost  in  everj  cir- 
I.  There  is  a  peculiar  beautj  in 
Ueri  ieihalii  arundo^  which  strong- 
the  fast  hold  that  the  arrows  of 
I  gotten  of  Dido^s  heart.     Cressia : 


in  the  sense  of  arundinem, 
nia  :  properlj  the  fortifications  of 
.lueiis  sajs,  munimenia, 
iem:  tbe  same  entertainment  she 
td  the  preceding  night. 
•  oktemra  wieittim:  the  moon,  in 
UOn  withdrawe  her  light.     This 
■  ■pfwch  of  daj.    IVhen  tho 

20 


stars  disappear  in  the  superior  light  of  th« 
sun,  thej  are  said  to  set ;  so  when  the  sim 
disappears,  and  withdraws  bis  light,  thej 
becomc  visible,  and  are  said  to  rise.  Thie 
samo  maj  be  said  of  the  moon.  Viciuim . 
.aficr  having  given  light  in  her  course. 

82.  Relictit  tiraiis.  The  couch  on  wliich 
£ncaa  had  bcen  sitting,  and  which  he  had 
just  Icft  to  retire  to  rest. 

84.  Capta :  taken,  or  captivatnd  with  the 
resemblance  of  his  fathcr,  she  hugs,  Szc, 

o^Pendeni :  stand,  or  reniuin.  fnler' 
rupta:  in  tho  sense  of  imperfecta,  Ingentet 
mina  murorum,  Hejne  Xhke»  this  siinplj 
for  the  high  walls,  {alti  muri^  \%hich  bj 
their  altitude,  presented  a  thrcatening  a»» 
pect.  Valpj  is  of  the  same  opinion  :  but 
most  interprcters  take  mina  murorwn  to  be 
the  fortifications  built  upon  thc  walls,  wh:ch 
presontcd  a  threatening  appearaiice  to  an 
enomj.  Hortcnsius  and  Rusiis  arc  of  opi- 
nion,  thej  were  huge  and  uufinished  parts 
of  the  wall,  which  seemed  to  thrcaten  a 
niin,  and  presented  a  terrific  appearance. 

89.  Maehina,  Bj  this  we  are  most  pro- 
bablj  to  understand  the  engines  usod  in 
raising  stonos,  beams,  and  timber  gcnerallji 
for  carrjmg  on  the  building.  Hcjnc  h-ija, 
moiet^-eed\fi€ietm^  Nfhnu&i^  to  Iho  W\\t^t^ 
themselvMi 


m 


P.  VIRGILll  MARONIS 


90.  Qa&m  (Didonem)      Quam  simul  ac  tali  persensit  peste  tener» 
limul  ar  Satumia,  cha-  Chara  Jovis  conjux,  nec  famam  obstare  furori, 

!?t  ?r«in\ar!I!L£!"n«;  Talibus  aggreditur  Venerem  Satumia  dictis  : 
■it  tenen  tali  peste,  noc  ^  •      ^*     »  i      i  ^        i*  i         j%    .. 

faniam  obatare  tjut  fu-  Egrcgiam  verO  laudem,  et  spoha  ampla  refertis 

ron,  aggreditur   Veno-  Tuque  puerque  tuus,  magnum  et  memorabile  lua 
rem  talibus  dictia:  verd  Una  dolo  Div(km  si  fosmina  victa  duorum  est: 
tuq|ie  tuuBque  puor  re-  Nec  me  aded  falUt,  veritam  te  mcBnia  nostra, 
•rrpTOal^^^^^^^^  S-P-tas  habuisse  domos  CarthaginiB  a]t«. 
nnm  ct  memorabile  nu-  Sed  quis  erit  modus  ?  aut  quo  nunc  certamina  tai 
men ;    si   una   fcBmina  Quin  potius  pacem  sternam  pactosque  hymenaHM 
victa  est   dclo  duorum  Exercemus  ?  habes,  totA  quod  mente  petisd : 
DivAm.    Nec  adei  fal-  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  djj^  traxitque  per  oasa  furorem. 
lit  me,  te,  ventam  nos-  ^  i.  i  i  •!_ 

tra  mcBnia  habuisse  do-  Communem  hunc  ergd  populum,  panbusque  regl 

mos    alte    Carthaginis  Auspiciis  :  liceat  Plirygio  servire  marito, 
■uapectaB.  Dotalesque  tuffi  Tyrios  permittere  dextne. 

98.  ModuB  nof/ra  eon-      Olli,  sensit  enim  simulata  mente  locutam, 
^^^^'lA     t    Didon'  ^"^  regnum  Italice  Libycas  averteret  oras, 
^^ifQ  Sic  contra  est  ingressa  Venus :  Quis  talia  denM 

107.  Contri    Venus  Abnuat,  aut  tecum  malit  contendere  bello  ? 
uigrcMa   e«t  rapondere  Si  mod6,  quod  memoras,  factum  fortuna  sequatl 
oUi  mc;  enim  sensit  eam  Sed  fatis  incerta  feror,  si  Jupiter  unam 
iTelir  qu"   ;",im  ^^  '^^'  Tyriis  urbem,  TrojAque  profectiB  ; 

NOTES. 

90.  Pette:  in  the  senseof  omore.   Rueus        99.  Hymenmot:  match. 
•ays,  vfneno.  102.  Regamtu  hnne  popuhiwi.   1 

93.  Spolia:  in  the  sense  of  rietoriam.  ing  plainly  is :  Let  us  rule  this  pai 

94.  kumen.      This    is    the    reading   of  rnunem)  compo»ed  of  Trojona  am 
Hoyue,  after  Pierius,  Hemsius,  and  Burman-  ginians,  with   equal  authority  ai 
nuB.     It  iR  aUo  approved  by  Valpy,  though  LcI  thcm  be  both  equally  undor  o 
he  retains  tlie  common  reading,  nomen.     In  tion  and  auspicioua  influence.    . 
a  note  upon  this  passagc,  he  haa  numen,  and  jn  ti,o  gengg  of  potestate, 
obscrvcB  that  ve«/rumiii  undcrstood.   "  Your  o.       •  j 
divine  powcr  wiU  be  nobly  employed,"  says         »03.  Phrygio.     Scrvius,  and  so 
he.     Heyne  makes  Uiis  turn  to  Ihe  words:  say,  Ihat  Phryf^io,  here,  is  a  woi 
J^agnum  rero  et  memorabile  eril  numen  vtt-  tempt,  aiid  impliea  that  iKnea»  wi 
trum,  ti  vos  duo  Dei  circumvenentU  unam  *"<*  in  Blavery,  as  tho  Phn/gtans  ( 
faminam.     He  take»  uumen  in  the  scnso  of  I^"^  Virgil  uscs  the   word»   Pkf 
potettat,  vel  pottntia.    Nomen  is  the  com-  Tro/antMpromiscuousIy.  Bewde,. 
nion  reading.     This  part  of  Juno^s  spcech  the  hypocrite,and  would,  thcrefor 
ia  extroinfily  satirical.     Tuut  puer:  Cupid.  «usly  avoid  evcry  oxpreMion  thal 
He  was  the  son  of  Jupitor  and  Venus.  otTensive,  or  render  her  auirpect 

98.  Aut  quo  nunc :  or,  for  what  purpo^e  exprereion  tervrre  manto  le  m  allui 

now  are  bo  great  contentions  ?     Juno  and  ^^  *^>e  ^""^®  ^^*y*  o'  contraclin| 

Vonus  took  oppoBitc  sides  in  tho  affairs  of  among  tho  Romane,  (vii.)  Coem^ 

iEneas  and  tlie  TrojauB.     Tlie  formcr  is  **»«  v^rUefi  solemnly  bound   th« 

always  rcprcBented  tlieir  bittercst  oneiny,  ^ach  other  by  the  ceremony  of  ( 

and  thc  lattor  thoir  warmest  friend.     Tho  taking  a  piece  of  money.     By  th 

whole  of  Juno'8  Bpooch  is  artful,  and  tlie  ^^  &a^e  herself  over  mto  the  pc 

plan  dcep  laid.     She  now  proposes  to  lay  "l^n,  and  entered  into  a  state  of 

down  thcir  arms,  to  conclude  a  laating  peace  vitudo,  or  subjection  to  him. 
— to  form    a   match    between  iEneas   and         104. /)o/o/«;  as  a  dowry.     Dft 

Dido,  and  by  thcse  moans  unite  the  Trojans  \y  ihe  patrimony  of  the  wife— 

with  the   Carthaginians    into   one   people.  givcn  to  the  husband  witli  the  wij 

This  plan,  could  shc  have  brought  it  about,  nempe,  regnxan  Cartftaginit. 

would  have  bccn  to  hcr  a  coinplcle  victory         -ne    r\n-     e      /i-  u         ---i.     • 
„...1.         .         •  *      rr.1  j-  105.  0\\\:  lOT  tWi^by  anitihen 

over  hcr  antajroiiist,     The  common  roading  -^ 

U  eertamine  lnnto,     Heyne  read s  ccr/flm7na         110.  Feror  incerta  fatit^  ti :  fai 

ianta^  which  is  niuch  casier,  and  he  says,  Js     unccrtain  by  the  decrcus  of  tlie  , 

he  true  roadhig.  tlier.  k,c 


JBNEIS.    LIB.  TY.  2DT 

(  probet  popuios,  aiit  foDclera  jungi.  regnum  Italin  ad  Uby» 

z :  tibi  &8  aniinum  tentare  precando.  ^  ^^ 

equar.     Tum  sic  excepit  rcgia  Juno :  114,  ^^^;  '^^.^J'^  .^^ 

nt  ifrte  labor  :  nunc  qu&  ratione,  quod  mstat,  j  ^5,  jj^n^,  aclverte  tu, 

KMBit,  paucis,  adverte,  docebo.  docebo  paacis  verOu^  qua 

iEneaa,  un&que  miserriraa  Dido,  ratione,  id^  quod  iiwtat, 

ire  parant,  ubi  primos  crastinus  ortus  po«it  cmfierL 
Titan,  radiisque  retexerit  orbem. 

ligrantem  commixtA  grandine  nimbum,  120 

idant  ahe,  aaltusque  indagine  cingunt,  ISI.  Dum  alfls  trepi- 

Infundam,  et  tonitru  coelum  omne  ciebo.  f**"^  cinguntque  laltue 

t  co™tea.  et  nocte  tegentur  opacA.  ^^T^^  t^ni^^l^Z 

n  Dido  duz  et  frojanus  eandem  nimbum,  grandiiTe  coin- 

L     Adero,  et,  tua  si  milii  certa  voluntas,  1 25  mixu,  et   ciebo   omne 

>  jungam  stabili,  propriamque  dicabo.  colum  tonitni. 

enoeua  erit     Non  adversata,  petenti  .}^'  Si  tua  voluntaa 

A         j  I*      •  «^  ^  >.L  >.•  tu  certa  mihi 

^ue  dolis  n«t  Cytherea  reperUs.  ^ ,8.  Cytherea  non  ad- 

un  interei  surgens  Aurora  reliquit.  vemU  annuitetpetenti, 

jubare  exorto,  delecta  juventus  130  atqae  rieit  dolia  repertaa 

&,  plagie,  lato  venabula  ferro, 

le  ruunt  equites,  et  odora  canum  vis. 

thalaroo  cunctantem  ad  limina  primi 

expectant :  ostroque  insignis  et  auro 

»68,  ac  fnBiia  ferox  spumantia  mandit.  y      136 

>rof[[reditur,  magni  stipante  caterv4^ 

NOTES. 

itfit:  replied — aniwered.  127.  Htc  Hymerunu  erti:  thia  «hall  be  a 

%mium:  a  sup.  in  um,  of  the  verb  marriage.    8ome  take  the  meaninff  to  be 

ifter  the  verb  tre.    Dido  it  here  that  Hymen  ehould  be  preient.    But  thie 

rruna,  most  unhappy,  on  account  would  be  unnecesMjrj,  since  the   nuptials 

\  of  her  love.  were  to  be  performed  by  Jwm^  without  the 

im :  in  the  lenee  of  SoL  See  Ecl.  amistance  of  any  other.     See  Geor.  iii.  60. 

Geor.  iii!  48.     RaditMque:  and  Cylherea,  a  namo  of  Venus.     See  JEn,  u 

iiaclosed  the  world  by  his  beams.  229. 

pretended  that  light  lunk  into  190.  Jubare:  in  the  ■enie  of  hice  vel  <filM- 

irery  night,  and  was  every  mom-  eulo. 

it  from  hence  by  the  retummg  131.  Retiarara:  the  wide  nets,  the  toilc, 

ee  the  proprietj  of  the  verb  exfu-  the  ■pears  of  broad  point,  and  the  MaMiliaa 

horeemen,  iic,  rueh  forth. 

■i  ola.     By  o/o,  Serrius  under-  132.  Odora  vit  eanum,     Vit  is  here  ueed 

horeemen,  or  riding  hunters,  who  in  the  sense  of  eopto,  or  muUitudo.    And 

«lo,  wings^  because  thej  covered  odora^  in  the  sense  ofodororum^  bv  antiptoHs  : 

the  cavurj  of  an  armj.    Or  ala  a  multitude  of  strong  scented  aogn,    Mai» 

f  the  horsemen  in  general  spread  tyli,     Thej  were  a  people  of  Africa,  placed 

roond,  like  stretched  out  wings.  bj  Virgil  to  the  wostward  of  Carlhagt.    Lit- 

rerj  stronglj  ezpresses  the  hurrj  tle  is  known  conceming  them. 

of  a  compiuij  of  horsemon,  iljing  133.  Primi:  in  the  sense  of  primoret, 

iriag  ovcr  the  ground  in  quest  of  '    135.    Stai  tonipes   i nttgnu :    hcr    horse 

tniagine»    Bj  this  somo  undor-  stands  readj,  richlj  decked  in  purple  and 

rrmnging  of  the  hounds,  and  the  gold.    Stat :  in  the  sense  of  adett,    To  take 

them  in  propor  places  for  taking  it  literallj  would   ill   agree  with  tlie  fino 

kmt  Ruaut^  and  most  commen-  image  of  the  courser  here  given ;  ferox  maf^ 

t  it  for  the  nett  and  toitt  in  which  dit  tpumantia  fntna,     Intignit:  m  the  sensa 

raa  taken.    For  a/s,  Rusus  has  of  omatut. 

137.  Cireumdata  Sidoniam:  coveredwith 

ngam    I  wiU  join  them  in  firm  a  Tjrian  cloak.    The  chUnnjft  was  botli  a 

id  will  consecrate  her  to  be  his  militarj  and  huntinflr  dress.     It  was  ft  ioose 

D  give  her  over  to  be  his  peculiar  upper  garment,  which  covered  the  hroaaV 

plate,  and  folded  ahoat  the  Vefl  ann  \a  dft- 


232  P    VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Sidoniam  picto  chlaroydem  circuindata  liinbo . 
138.  Cui  esi  phmretn  Cui  pharetra  ox  auro;  crines  nodantur  in  auniBli 
•*  ^*"®  Aurea  purpuream  subnectit  fibula  vestein 

Necnon  et  Phrygii  coinite&,  et  laitus  lulus, 
Incedunt :  ipse  ante  alios  pu  cherrimusomnes 

142.  ^neas  ipte  pul-  Infert  se  socium  i£neas,  atquc  agmina  jungit: 
cherriinus   ante   omne»  Qualis,  ubi  hybernam  Lyciam  Xanthique  fluenta 
alios  infcrt  se  socium.       rv        •*  i\  i  *  •     •  :*   a    -.ii 

143   Taiu   qualis  est  I^^serit,  ac  Delum  maternam  mvisit  Apolio, 

Apollo,  ubi  keserit  hy-  Instauratque  choros,  mixtique  altaria  circum 
bemain  Lyciam,  fluen-  Cretesque  Dryopesque  fremunt,  pictique  Agathyi 
taque  Xanthi,  ac  invisit  Ipse  jugis  Cynthi  graditur,  mollique  fluentem 
maternom  Delum  Fronde  premil  criiiem  fingens,  atque  implicat  au( 

^^^^    .     mp  1        cum  rp^j^  sonant  humeris.     Haud  illo  segnior  ibat 

i£neas  ;  tantum  egregio  decus  enitet  ore. 
151.   Postquam  ven-      Postquam  altos  ventum  in  montes,  atque  invia 
uim  ett  in  altos  montea,  Ecce  ferae  saxi  dejectffi  vertice  caprs 

a^ue  mvia  lustra;  ecce  Oecurrere  jugis  :  ali&  de  parte  patentes 

fere  capre  dejecte  ver-  ^  •  .     ^  . 

tice  sixi  decurr^re  jugi»   Transmittunt  cursu  campos,  atque  agmina  ccnn 

153.    De   ali&   parte  Pulverulenta  fug&  glomerant,  montesque  relinqui 
oervi  tran«mittunt  At  puer  Ascanius  mediis  in  vallibus  acri 

Gaudet  equo  :  jamque  hos  cursu,  jam  preterit  iD 
Spuinantemque  dari  pecora  inter  inertia  votia 
159.   Optatque  votis  Optat  apruin,  aut  lulvum  descendere  monte  leoi 
■^mantein  aprum  dari      Jntercu  magno  misceri  murmure  coelum 
min  mter  merUa  pecora  jj^^jpj^  .  jnsequitur  commixti  grandine  nimbus. 

£t  Tyrii  comites  passim,  et  Trojana  juventus, 
Dardaniusque  nepos  Veneris,  diversa  per  agroa 
Tecta  metu  petiere ;  ruunt  de  montibus  amnes. 
Speluncam  Dido  dux  et  Trojanus,  eandem 
Deveniunt :  prima  et  Tellus  et  pronuba  Juno 

NOTES. 

fend  them  from  thc  wild  bcasts.     The  con-    here  mentioned  ■eemod  to  be  « 
atruction  is  a  Grecism.  ApoUo^$  retinue,  on  aocount  of  tli 

143.  Q?ia/u.   The  poel  (iEn.  i.  498.)  com-    archery. 

pared   Dido  to  Diana:    here  he  compares         148.  Premii:   binds  up.     Pm 

JEncas  to  Apollo,  her   brothor.      It  was  a  justingit.    MoUifrtmde:  witbai 

commonopinion  that,  at  certain  times  of  the  of  leaves.      Rueus    emys,   /enei 

jear,  the  gods  changcd  the  place  of  their  Auro :  in  the  aense  of  aurta  viUa 
residcnce.      Servius   says,  it  was  behcved         149.  Haud  tegnior:   he  movi 

that  JlpoUo  gave  out  oracles  at  Patara^  a  city  graceful  than  he — than  ApoUo  hi 
of  Lycia,  acountry  oT  Asia  Minor,  during  150.  Ore:  in  the  senie  of  oulA 
the  six  months  of  the  wintcr;  and  at  Delos^         152.  Defeefa:  dislodged — nml 

the  remoining  siz  montlis  of  the  year.  Hcnce  the  sides  of  the  rocks,  or  mounUi 
he  was  callcd   both  Patareus  and  Detim,         154.  Trantmiltunl:  in  tbe  M 

FtueTita :  in  the  sonse  oCjlutnum.  eumtnt. 

144.  Mafemam  Delum.    Sce  iEn.  iii.  75.  155.  Glomeranifugd  :  in  theb 
146.    Cretesque  :    the   Cretans^    Dryopes^  crowd  together  the  dusty  henU,  i 

mnd  painted  Agalhi/rsi^  mingled  togeiher^  ex-  says,  coUiguni  se  in  greget  pubstr 

press  their  joy  (fremunt)  around  the  aUars,  159.  Optat  votis :  he  wiahea  vi 

\Vhen  Apoilo  came,  or  was  thought  to  come  he  groatly  wishes,  that  a  fbaminj 

to  Dehs^  the  several  people  that  came  to  163.  Dardanius  nepos  KemtriM 

consult   his  oracle,  celebratcd   his   arrival  jan  grrandson  of  Venu*— wfjMiisi 

with  hymns  and  dances.     Dryopes,     These  tectum  signifiee  anv  covered  pl 

were  a  people   who  dwelt  at   the  foot  of  sheltors,  or  retreat  nt>m  the  eton 

mount  Parnassus.    Agathyrsi.    These  were  166.  Telhu  ei  pnmulHi,     Prof 

a  people  of  Bcythia,  who  used  to  paint  their  of  Juno,  from   ber  being   tho 

biNliee  with  varioua  colors.    The  nations  marriage :   compoondad  of  ^rt 


iENEIS.    UB.  [V.  298 

ruisere  ignes,  et  conscius  scthor  197.  Conscius  ooonu- 

lunoque  ulul&runt  vertice  Nymphae.  biiiyWn/ 

lethi,  priinusque  maiorum  169.  Ille  dies  prirous 

jue  enim  specie  fam&ve  movetur,  ]  70  ^uit  causa  lethi  DuUtni^ 

m  Dido  meditatur  amorem  :  primu.que   /uit    eau»a 
it :  hoc  prs&texit  nomme  culpam.  ^ 
>yie  raagnas  it  Fama  per  urbes : 
{uo  non  aliud  velocius  ullum  : 

,  viresque  acquirit  eundo  :  175 

nd:  mox  sese  attollit  in  auras,  ih»   i> 

,        .           ^  .   .           , .,            ,.'  178.  rarcng  terra  if- 

3lo,  et  caput  mter  nubila  condiU  ntata  ir&  Deorum  pro- 

enfl,  irft  irritata  Deorum,  genmt  Ulam,  ui  homina 
erhibent,  Cceo  Enceladoque  sororem        porhibent,  extrcmam  so- 

bus  celerem  et  pernicibus  alis  :  180  'o'®"   C«o  Enceiado- 

endum,  ingens  :  cui  quot  sunt  corpore  JemidiuTIdie  "^ "' 
i  subter,  roirabile  dictu !                [plumae,      lei.   Monstmm  hor. 

dem  ora  sonant,  tot  subrigit  aures.  rendum,ingenii;cui«un/ 

i  medio  temeque  per  umbram  tot  vigilei  oculi  subtcr, 

ilci  declinat  lumina  somno.  185  mirabile  dictu!  tot  lin- 

08,  aut  summi  culmine  tecti,  ^""^.  ^^^f  ^*"  **'*  ««"■^V 

LP»,  «ui,  ouuuiii  ^^••iia.1%.  _/^   '  «ubngit  tot  aures,  quot 

is,  et  magnas  temtat  urbes  •  ,unt  plumoB  in  corpore. 

[ue  tenax,  qukm  nuntia  veri.  191.  Canebat  iEnearo 

►lici  populos  sermone  replebat  veni»e,  crotum  a  Troja- 

iter  facta  atque  infecta  canebat :  190  »«,  «^nguine,   cui  viro 

rn     •         N                           A  pulchra    Dido   diimctur 

,  Trojano  i  sangume  cretum,  V^           ^  ^  „«nc  luxu 

firo  dignetur  jungere  Dido  :  fovere  inter  ae  hyemem, 

nter  se  luxu,  quam  longa,  fovere,  quam  longa  m/, 

NOTES 


ing  is  bride-maid.     Some  escapod  ceniiure.    Jfalum  :  in  the  eenso  of 

l  the  Divinities  that  pre-  pestis  vel  tnanttnan, 

Lge.     She  gave  signa  of        179.  Cobo  Eneeiadoque.    These  were  two 

an  eartbquake,  or  some  Giants,  who    took   the    lead    in    the  war 

th.     Serviut  says,  there  against  the  gods.    They  were  the  sons  of 

e  inauspicious  to  nuptials  7  i7an  and  Tellut.     Their  object  in  the  war 

tlao  gave  her  sign  against  was   to   restore   their   father  Titan  to  tho 

lin   and   storms   of  hail.  throne,  from  which  Jupiter  had  driven  him. 

ng  supplied  the  place  of  Thoy  attempted  to  attack  Heaven,  by  put* 

;  and  the  onlj  song  was  ting  mount  Oua  npon  Peiion;  but  in  tho 

the    mountain    nymphs.  attcmpt  they  were  chastiscd  by  Jupitcr,  in 

id  presages  of  the  future.  an  excmplary  manner.     At  this  venceanco 

imut/uii  cttuta :  thai  day^  (J-r^)  of  the  gods,  Tellut  was  irritated ;  and 

ipecial  manner,)   wat  the  by  way  of  revenge,  produccd  ftant^  thcir 

Dido;  and  tfu  beginning  youngest  sister,  swijfl  on  tho  fooL,  and  on 

«f.  ihe  nimble  wing. 
a-rc.     By  the  tpeeiet  we         184.  Medio ;  in  the  middle  of  hcaven  mni 

tho  appearance  and  de-  earth — betwoen   heaven   and  earth.      Un^ 

on,  at  it  passed  in  review  bram :  in  the  sense  of  tenebrat. 
lind ;   and  by  fama^  tlie         186.  Luee  :  in  the  sensc  of  ciie.     Cuttot : 

f  of  it,  in  the  eyes  of  the  a  spy. 

1U8.  Tam  tenax:  as  tenacious  of  falM* 

palUates  or  covers.    CuL'  hood   and  wickedness,  as  a  niossenger  of 

of  erimen.  truth. 

un  tguo:  Fame^  a  fiend^        189.  Sermone:  in  the  senso  of  rtimore. 
\t  not  another  more  twift^        190.  Canebat:   she    equally    prodaimod 

nt  of  fame,  the  Poet  imi-  facts  and  fictions. 

ription  of  discord.     A  ju-         193.  J^^une  focere  luru:  that  now  in  lux- 

opinion  that  this  descrip-  ury   they   caress   one  another  during    the 

le  of  the  greatest  onia-  wintcr,  as  long  as   it   may  be.      Hytmcim  -, 

lid.    It  has  not,  however,  pidm  longa :  in  the  wiiiia  oT  lim^am  Ki:«t*  i 


I 


P.  VlRGILn  BIAKONIS 

Regnorum  unmemores,  turpique  cupUfine  ca|il8 
Haec  paBsiro  Dea  fcsda  virAm  difiundil  in  onu 

Protinus  ad  regem  cursus  detorquet  larbem  ; 

Incenditque  animum  dictia,  atque  aggerat  irai. 

198.  Hie  latai  Am-  Hic  Ammone  satua,  raptA  Garamantide  Nympkl 

ooe,  NjrinphA   Gara-  Templa  Jovi  centum  latis  immania  regnia, 

manude  /*P^   PJ*f"*^  Centum  aras  posuit ;  viirilemque  sacraverat  igm 
JoTi    ceDttiin    immania  -^       ,  .      tv-  i         .        ^  j  ^^ 

tpmpla  in  latU  regnia,  ^^xcubias  DiTum  «temas,  pecudumque  cruore 
potuii  centum  aras ;  sa-  Pingue  solum,  et  variis  florentia  limina  sertis. 
craveratque  Isque  amens  animi,  et  rumore  accensus  amaroii 

203.  leque  amenk  ani-  Dicitur  ante  aras,  media  inter  numina  Divtkm, 
roio^^Xl^.u'^",  ^^ulta  Jovem  manibus  supplex  orAsse  aupin» : 
Misee  Jovem  multa  tu-  Jupiter  omnipotens,  cm  nunc  Maurusia  pictis 
pinismanibua,i/an#ante  Gens  epulata  toris  Len»um  libat  honorem, 
arasfintermedianumina  Aspicis  haec  ?  an  te,  genitor,  cilHn  iulmina  torqi 
^^^^°^'  Nequicquam  horremus  ?  csacique  in  nulubus  igl 

Terrificant  animos,  et  inania  murmura  miacenll 
Foemina,  quae  nostris  errans  in  finibus  urbem 
tVL  Cui  dedimui  litus  Exiguam  pretio  posuit,  cui  litus  arandum, 

Cuique  loci  leges  dedimus,  connubia  nostra 
Reppulit,  ac  dominum  iEnean  in  regna  recepil« 

NOTES. 

iman.    Runua  lays,  tradueere  hyemem  inier  nation,  feaaUng  on  pafaited  oif 

•e  luxii. .  The  Mawrutii^  vel  Mauri,  weri  \ 

194.   Cupidine :   hy  cupido,  Servius  in-  of  Mauritania,  an  ezteuaiYe  eoa 

forms  U8  that  the  ancienta  underatood  an  rica,  bonnded  on  tbe  weet  bj  i 

angovemabie  and  irregular  passion  of  love  ocean,  on  the  north  by  the  Mdl 

— lust.     Captot :  enslaved.  sea,  and  on  the  east  by  Numidii 

198.  Hic  ^mmone  aalut :  ikit  many  tprung  thage.     It  seems  this  news  read 

from  jimmon^  had  built  to  Jove^  &c.     Jupiter  while  he  and  his  people  wero  fti 

Ammon  had  a  celebratcd  temple  and  oracle  the  remains  of  the  victims  wMl 

in  Libya,  on  a  Bpot  of  ground  watered  by  a  offered  to  .^mmon.   At  such  bsA^ 

fountain,  and  enclosed  by  a  plcasarit  grove.  usual  to  pour  forth  wine  by  wa| 

This  tcmple  is  said  to  have  been  built  by  to  the  gods — an  offering  of  wiai 

Bacchus,  or  Hercules.     This  Jimmon  some  207.  Lenttum  honorem :    um\ 

will  have  to  be  the  same  with  Ham^  the  son  tlie  liquor  of  Bacchus.     Lenem 

of  Noaii.     Sir  Isaac  Newton  thinks  him  to  Bacchus,  used  as  an  adj.  deri 

have  been  the  fathcr  of  Setostrit^  and  cotera-  Greek  word,  signifying  a  wine-i 

porary  with  Solomon,  king  of  Israel.     lar-  lata  :  feasting,  or  having  leastef 

bus  was  the  son  of  this  Jupiter  Ammon,  by  209.    Cmei:  undirected — foit 

the  nymph  Garamaniit,    Aggerai :  in  the  net :  lightnings.   Inania  murvm 

tense  of  auget.  empty  sounds. 

200.  VigUem  ignem.     Plutarch  informs  212.  Potuii:    in  the  aenee 
as  that  in  tliis  temple  thero  was  a  lamp  con-  Liiut  arandum :  the  shore  to  k 
tinually  buming.     This  was  also  a  custom  The  province  or  territory  of 
oonimon  to  many  nations.     Potuii :  in  tlie  here  called  /t/iu,  bocause  it  b 
■ense  of  ad\ficavit.  sea  coast — a  tract  of  countrj 

201.  Excubiat  teiemat  Divitm :  a  perpe-  Pretio,    This  alludes  to  the  p 
tual  watch  of  the  gods — sacred  to  the  ser-  stipulated  to  be  paid,  for  her 
vice  of  the  gods.     Solum :  a  tract  of  ground  tract  of  country.     See  the  folkr 
enriched  by  the  blood  ofvictims.  213.  Cuique  dedimut :  and  o 

202.  Limina  Jloreniia :  an  entrance  (into  imposed  the  laws  of  theplaee. 
thb  tomples)  adomed  with  various  garlands.  that  Dido  engaged  to  paj  the 
Ameru  animi :  distractcd  in  mind  ;  of  o,  pri-  annual  tribute  for  the  trmct  of  oi 
vitivum,  and  ment,  she  purchased  for  her  colony. 

204.  J^umina :  the  shrines  or  statues,  ever,  the  Carthaginians  aAerv 
which  reprosented  the  gods.  Supinit,  Ru-  to  do,  and  was  the  cauae  of  tbl 
eus  says,  elaiit :  properly,  with  the  palm  which  they  were  engaged.  £] 
upwards.  tribute,  Carthage,  from  the  fiiH 

206.    ^ui  nune:  to  whom  the  Moorish    dependent  sovereigBtj. 


iENElS.    UB.  IV. 

iHe  Paru,  cum  semiviro  comitatu,  SI6 

mentum  mitr&  crinemque  madentem 

is.  rapto  potitur :  nos  munera  templis  217.  Subneiui  q%iMid 

tuia  ferimus,  famamque  fovemus  inanem.  mcntum    madentemqu« 

us  orantem  diclis,  arasque  tenentem         r    J      ^""f  ™   Mojonia  mitn, 

1  1  •     .       •  ^U^  potitur  rnpto 

tmnipotens :  oculosque  ad  mcenia  torsit  220  ^  ^ao,  Oninipoteni  au. 

^t  oblitos  famffi  melioris  amantes.  diit  tum  orantem  in  ta- 

z  Mercurium  alloquitur,  ac  lalia  mandat :  Hbus   dictia,  tenentem- 

le,  nate,  voca  Zephvros,  et  labere  pennis :  <1"®  *••*»♦  towitquo  ^'m 

«mqae  ducem,  Tyrii  Carthagine  <,ui  nunc  -"J^^"  '.IX  "^^^Zi 

t,  fatisque  datas  non  respicit  urbes,  225  melioris  lajnie. 

re,  et  celeres  defer  mea  dicta  per  auras.  ^c^g^      Alloquerenue 

m  nobis  genitrix  pulcherrima  talem  Dardaitium  duccm,  qui 

:,  Graii^mque  ided  bis  vindicat  armis :  nuuc  expecut  in  Tyria 

i  qui  gravidam  im|)eriis,  belloque  frementem  Cartliajrine,  nunque  re- 

r«geret,  penus  alto  ii  sanguine  Teucri  230  J^';^;|'    "'^    *^*'^    " 

t,  ac  totum  sub  leges  mitteret  orbem.-  227.  Ejum  pulcherrima 

accendit  tantarum  gloria  rerum,  gcuitrix    non    promiaU 

NOTES. 

/  ntme  iUe  Parit.      Here    larbaa  words  of  larbas,  quippe^  Sir.,  are  cxtromelj 

cai,  Paria,  to  denoto  him  efTemi-  ironical.     Jronia  actrba  vorabulo^  quippe^  if»- 

a  raviiher,  who  had  carried  off  a  et/,  says  he.     Both  Rucus  aiid  Hoyne  take 

vhom  he  coniidered  his  own.     In  quippe  in  the  sense  of  teUieet.     But  quippe 

U>  this,  he  says,  potitur  rapto  :  he  niay  be  taken  pcrhaps  in  the  iMrnNe  of  dum  : 

the  ravished  prize.     Semiriro  eo^  while  we  are  presenting  offerings  unto  thee, 

vith  hia  effeminate  train.     This  is  &c.    iEneas  is  enjoying  tho  ravisiied  priso. 

luaion  to  the  Phryffiani.  who  wore  a-m    rri       ,                 u  u*       .u    .u.» 

».      Thi.  WM  a  kind  of  boanet    ?""=»"'  '»  '^'  «"PP»'»»»»- 

the  Lydian  uid  Phrygian  women.        221.  Amantet:  loveri— Ainea»  and  Didoi. 

part  of  dresi  onbecoming  in  men,  223.  Penni* :  in  tlie  seiuie  of  alit.    Mer- 

ecially  when  it  had  the  lilleta  or  cnry  was   rcpreiented   as  having  winged 

ith  which  it  was  tied  under  the  shoes,  on  which  he  was  borue  through  th% 

rbas  mentions  it  a*  a  mark  of  in-  air.     They  were  called  lalaria.                    m 

badge  of  reproach.    Maania :  an  225.  Expeetai :  in  the  sense  of  morolMr. 

country  m  the  Le«er  Aua.    It  i.  ^   ^     ^          preserved  him  twice. 

■•"•'^  '*•'"'"*  ™°^t™  &c.      iEnea.  wa.  twice  «ived  by  Venu. 

from  Lgdu^  one  of  lU  kmgs,  as    ,        i„      di„    death :   once  in  a  contest 

r^i.^  ^^M^^KrS.Tj;    withDiomedcihen  he  wa.  «truck  to  tb« 
I   Cana,  sUIl  retains  its   ancicnt  ,  .     ..       «    i.      r     u  4^  ^  --j 

ithen.u;  observes,  that  Homer  aU  f"^/  ^^  ^'  •^»''?  °^k%     'J^ vw  '  ^l 

he  us.  of  unguenti  to  none  of  hi.  »<»"".,»»'•  been  slam,  had  not  \  enu.  cut 

•    .u.  11:  j  u    :j^  d    •      rru  her  veil  oTcr  him,  and  carried  him  on  from 

I  m  the  Iliad,  besides  Paris.    These     .u    is  u.        j       -^      j  •: -.1,^  -. j^ 

tf .  r  .  •!.>.  u  •       Tu    „       r  «1.  the  fiffht;  and  a  socond  time,  when  vnder 

A^^lt   r-f    ff     •  ^"^     her  own  ionduct,  he  passed  unhurt  thrODgh 

f»^-vT^  *         Tl. Tf*   i"'    »he  flome.  of  Troy,  and  tl.e  midrt  of  L 
itore  says  of  iEneas,  that  his  hair  .     .      ai.         1.    r  «u  «    •« 

tened  o?  b««nea,ed  with  unguent.  •"•'»"'"'  ''"""K  ^"  ••«''  "'^  '''•*  '="^- 
moi/en/eiii.  ^^*  Oravidam  imperiis,      Rufeus    saya, 

i^ncxia;  inthesenseofni^/^a/ta.  pienam  regnit,      Sorvius   says,  pariiuram 

uippt  notferimut :  we  to  be  sure  i^fria^  vel  unde  multi  tmperatoret  pottutU 

jrings  to  thy  tcmples,  and  cherish  «»'«'"•     Heyne  says,  qwr  profcret  muliotpo' 

•eport  of  bcing  thy  offspring.  '«»'«' ''  '"'^  imperantet  populot,    It  appeare 

■peaks  by  way  of  complaint     The  *<>  ^^  ^  ^^®  ^®"*®  o€  paritura  magnun  im- 

irhich  we  present  unlo  thee  are  of  P^rium^  populumque  lati  dominatitem,     la 

and  the  rcport  of  thy  being  our  ^hich  a  mighty  empire  is  about  to  be  e»- 

Tain  and  without  foundation,  or  tabli«lied,  says  Valpy. 
wouldst  not  have  suffered  this  evil        231.  Prodertt  geniu:  ahoiild  eTinoi   ot 

Bo  ma.    Ueyne  obserrM,  that  tha  proTe  hia  dMomt,  kie. 


306  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 


*  oA  winis  GraiOm :  q^jj  g^^.^^^ ,  ^^^      .         inimicft  in  genle  moratur ! 
Mk  qui  reireret  Itali-  ^®^  prolem  Ausoniam  et  Lavmia  respicit  arva  i 


BobiB  iUum  /bfe  talom,  Nec  super  ipse  suft  molitur  laude  laborem  * 

ideoque     bis     vindicai  Ascanio-ne  pater  Rcmanas  invidet  arces  ? 
tttiim  ab  arrois  GraiOm  !^-«.-.«  *  ...^. 

•ed 

im«im  qui  regeret  .  •         .•      ^^ 

am   gravidam  imperiig,  Naviget.     Hsec  summa  est :  hic  nostn  nuntius  ealo 
firementemquebello ;  qui      Dixerat.     Ille  patris  magni  parere  parabat 

proderet  Imperio  :  et  primiim  pedibus  talaria  nectit 

S37.  Hic  esto  tZ^t  nun-  .  ur  i-       •  — 

tiiui  noetri  Aurea  ;  quae  sublunem  alis,  sive  eequora  supra, 

Seu  terram,  rapido  pariter  cum  flamine  portanU 
Tum  virgam  capit :  hftc  animas  ille  evocat  Orco 
Pallentes  ;  alias  sub  tristia  Tartara  mittit : 
Dat  somnos  adimitque,  et  lumina  morte  resignat. 
I11&  fretus  agit  ventos,  et  turbida  tranat 
Nubila.     Jamque  volans  apicem  et  latera  ardua  oon 
Atlantis  duri,  ccelum  qui  vertice  fulcit : 
t48.  Atlantis,  cui  pi-  Atlantis,  cinctum  assidue  cui  nubibus  atris 
niferum    caput   aMidud  Piniferum  caput  et  vento  pulsatur  et  imbri : 

einctum    atris    nubibus  xt-     u  •   r        *     •.      *        a  ^' ^^^ 

mUiatur  et  vento  et  im-  ^»^  humeros  mfusa  tegit :  tum  flumma  merito 

bri :  nix  infusa  Prfficipitant  senis,  et  glacie  riget  horrida  barba. 

Hic  primum  panbus  nitens  Cyllenius  alis 
Constitit :  hinc  toto  pneceps  se  corpore  ad  undai 
Misit :  avi  similis,  qus  circum  litora,  circum 
Piscosos  scopulos,  humilis  volat  lequora  juxta« 
tb6.  Haud  aliterCyl-  Haud  aliter,  terras  inter  coelumque,  volabat 

NOTES. 

t33.  Molitur  /a6orem ;  undertakes  the  en-  mountain,  or  rather  range   of  nMMt 

terprise  for  his  own  glory.  commencing  at  the  Atlantic  ocean,  to 

235.  /n  gente  inimicd :  in  a  hostile  nation.  it  gives  name,  and  running  in  an  o 
This  is  said  by  anticipation,  bccause  of  tho  diroction,  dividing  Maurit&nia  from 
enmity  which  HubsiHted  bctween  Romo  and  Intcrior.  It  is  fabled  that  Atlos,  k' 
Carthagc  in  af\er  timcs.  Struit :  in  the  Mauritania,  was  transformed  inti 
■ense  of  parat.  mountain  bj  Perseus,  at  the   sight 

236.  Laviiiia  arva^     See  iEn.  i.  2.  Gorgon^s  head,  because  he  refused  t 
239.  Talaria.     Tliese   were    a    kind    of    him  with  hospitality.     Virgil  doscril 

•Winged  shocB,  which  the  poets  say  the  mcs-  mountain  as  retaining  the  form  and 

aRngerd  of  tlie  gods  worc — sandais.  of  a  man.     Atlas  was  a  very  skiJfb] 

241.  Flamine :  in  the  sense  of  ren/o.  nomcr  and  astrologer:   this  probabl 

242.  Virgam.  Tiiis  was  tho  celebrated  rise  to  the  f^ble.  His  supporting 
rod,  or  Caduccus^  presented  to  Mercury  by  on  his  shoulder  is  ezplained,  from  1 
Apollo,  in  return  for  his  lyre.  Mercury,  in  cumstance  of  the  top  of  the  mountai 
his  way  to  Arcadia,  observing  two  serpents  lost  in  the  clouds.  Its  top,  or  sumn 
fjroing  to  fight,  appeased  tliem  by  casting  covered  with  perpetual  snow.  Hei 
down  his  rod  between  them.     Hence  a  rod  infusa  tegit  humeroa, 

wreathed  round  with  two  serpents,  became  248.  Cui :  in  tho  sense  of  eigut, 

a  symbol  of  peaco.     Orco  :  the  place  of  the  250.  Menio  tenis :  from  the  chii 

dead.  old  man. 

243.  Tartara:  the  lowest  part  of  hell —  252.  Cy//mtu«.' Cyllenius  movingi 
the  place  of  the  danmed.  on  equal  or  balanced  wings,  stoppM 

244.  Lumina  morte  resignat :  he  opens  was  a  name  of  Mercunr*  from  Cjn 
eyes  in  death.  This  is  the  sense  givcn  to  Arcadia,  the  place  of  his  birth.  ] 
resigno  by  Tumebus,  Davidson,  and  others.  the  son  of  Maia,  the  daughter  of  A 
They  tliink  the  poet  alludes  to  a  Roman  Jupiter. 

custom  of  opening  tho  oyes  on  the  funeral  254.  Similit  avi,    The  whole  of  1 

pile,  thou^h  shut  all  the  time  the  corpso  lay  sage  is  in  imitation  of  Homer,  O^ 

m  the  house.     But  Servius  takcs  resigno  in  v.  43.     The  bird  here  alluricd  to, 

the    senso  of  elaudo :    he   closcs,  or  shuts  posed  to  be  the  coot,  or  cormorant 

eyes  In  death.    Ruseus  says,  aperit  oculos  ex  256.  Volabat,     Thip  snd  tJie  Iwc 

morte^  id  est,  revocat  corpora  e  morte,     This  ing  linos,  Heyne  mark^  as  Fpuriona 

•eems  to  be  the  opinion  of  Heyne.  were  probably  lefl  in  an  unfinishc 

t47,  ^llantia  durL    Atlas  ia  a.  veirf  hi^K  Beutley  wouid  alter  volabat  to  l^giba 


^NEis.  LiB.  IV.  mn 

lOBum  Libyc,  ventoaque  socabat,  knia  piolM  vameH  ak 

reniens  ab  avo  CyUenia  proles.  matonio    aro     Yotobal 

>um  alatis  tetigit  magaUa  plantis,  frr^TU.  *^lu»5: 

indantem  arces,  ac  tecta  novantem  260  lecabatqiM  Tento* 

:  atque  illi  stellatus  iaspide  fu]v& 
'^  Tyrioque  ardebat  murice  Isena 
ix  huroeris:  dives  quae  niunera  Dido 
)t  tenui  telas  discreverat  auro. 
invadit :  l\i  nunc  Cartliaginis  altse  266 

ita  locas,  pulchramque  uxorius  urbeui 
fieu,  regni  rerumque  oblite  tuarum ! 
n  tibi  me  claro  demittit  Olympo 
,  C(£lum  et  terras  qui  numine  torquet : 
ferre  jubet  celercs  mandata  per  auras  :        270 
s  ?  aut  quft  spe  Libycis  teris  otia  terris  ? 
L  movet  tantarum  gloria  rerum, 
'  ipse  tuft  moliris  laude  lahoreni ; 
surgentem  et  sf)es  hseredis  luli 
cui  regnum  Itaiia)  Romanaque  tellus  276 

,>^Tali  Cyllenius  ore  locutus, 
nsus  medio  sermone  reliquit, 
in  tenuem  ex  oculis  evanuit  auram. 
*  iEneas  aspectu  ohmutuit  amens  ; 

je  horrore  come  ;  et  vox  faucibus  haeait.     280     280.  ConuB  timl  ar- 
re  fugl,  dulcesque  relinquere  terras, 
tanto  monitu  imperioque  Deorum. 
i  agat  ?  quo  nunc  reginam  ambire  furentem 
fatu  ?  que  prima  exordia  sumat  ? 
mum  nunc  huc  celerem,  nunc  dividit  illuc ; 
ue  rapit  varias,  perque  omnia  versat.  286 

NOTES. 

iinf  of  DavidBon;  but  without  the  webwithaBinall  threadof  gold.    Rni 

athority.     Betwoen  heaven  and  says,  distinxereU. 

lew  along  the  sandy  i*hore,  and  265.  InvadU :  in  the  eense  of  alloquUur* 

da.  2CG.  Uxoriui:  a  slave  to  your  wife.     It 

maifmo  ooo.     Mercury  waii  the  rcfors  to  the  pron.  /n,  undcmtood. 

ia,  the  daughter  of  Atlas,  which  267.  Oblitt:  the  voc.  of  oblUut^  a^reeing 

hia  grandfather  on  his  mothcr*!  with  ^neat^  underatood. 

miaprolet:  simply,  Mercury.  271.  TeriM  otia:   you  waste  your  time. 

ralia:  neu.  plu.  eitlicr  the  huts  Struit :  in  the  sense  oT  facu^  vcl  parat, 

can  ahepherds,  mentioned  Geor.  276.  TaH  ore :  in  the  sensc   of  ialibiu 

the  towers  and  buildings  of  Car-  verbit, 

sd  on  the  spot  where  tho  magalia  277.  Reliquii :   in  the  sense  of  mulariL 

Mcrcury  hacl  assumcd  a  humon  form,  mortO' 

it  erat  illi  ticHaiut:  there  was  to  les  vitus^  in  his  confcrence  with  ^neas ;  but 

rd  studded  with  yollow  jasper.  as  soon  as  he  had  cnded  his  specch,  in  me» 

nd  scabbard  were  studdcd  with  dio  iermone^  and  beforc  iEncai*  had  time  to 

iling  like  stars,  particularly  with  make  any  rcply,  he  lcf^  chanf^d,  <>r  put  i1 

ervius  infornis  us  it  was  a  rocci-  oflT,  and  vanishcd  from  his  cyes.     •SV/-tno  is 

that  there  was  a  virtue  in  tbe  properiy  a  conference  between  twu  or  mo^ 

N  to  assist  orators  in  their  plead-  pcrsons,  and,  whcn  one  only  Iias  si>oken,  i1 

lat  Gracchus  wore  one  of  them  is  not  complete  or  finished. 

pose.  279.  J^mcnt:  in  the  sense  o^attonVMi  v:l 

rta.      This  was  a  thick  double  tiupefactut. 

.  cassock.    Arbebai:  in  the  sense  2f{3.  Quo  affatu :  in  what  words — by  wl.at 

addrcsti.     Ambire:  to  Kpcak  U>~lo  addrc 

erecerai  ielat :  had  dlstinguished  235.  DividU :  in  thft  iiaiMKa  g>^  ^rt%l 


1 


^  P.  VIRGILII  MARONi» 

Hasc  altcmanti  potior  sentcnda  visa 
Mncsthea  Scrgestumque  vocat,  fortemquc  Cloanthi 
889.   Jybei  %U  taciti  Classem  aptent  taciti,  sociosque  ad  litora  coganli 
apteat  clanom.  Anna  parent ;  et,  quie  sit  rebus  causa  novandis, 

Dissimulent :  sese  intere^,  quando  optima  Dido 
Nesciat,  et  tantos  rumpi  non  speret  amores, 
S93.    Interea    ttatuU  Tcntaturum  aditus,  et  qu»  mollissima  fandi 
loiitatuiuin  aditus,  Tcmpora  ;  quis  rebus  dexter  modus.     Ocyi^ 


•i  quB  jin/  inolliHsima  imperio  laeti  parent,  ac  jussa  lacessunt. 
dll^Tdel^^^oU  "::      At  regina  dolos  (quis  fallere  possit  amantem  ?) 
fieiemdtM  Praesensit,  motusque  excepit  prima  futuroa, 

Omnia  tuta  timens.     Eadem  impia  Fama  furenti 

Detulit  armari  classem,  cursumque  parari. 

Ssvit  inops  aniini,  totaroque  incenaa  per  urbem 
301.  Ta/i«  qualis  Thy-  Bacchatur :  qualis  comniotis  excita  sacris 
■s,  ezcita  Tliyas,  ubi  audito  stimulant  trieterica  Baccho 

Orgia,  noctumusque  vocat  clamore  CiUueron. 

Tandem  his  JBneam  coni|)eUat  vocibua  uHrd : 
905.  O  perfido  /lomo,  Dissimulare  etiam  sperftsti,  i>erfide,  tantum 
■parAati  t«  pone  Posse  nefas,  tacitusque  mcA  deccdere  tena  ? 

Nec  te  noster  amor,  nec  te  data  dextera  quondami 

Xec  moritura  tenet  crudcli  funere  Dido  ? 

Quin  etiam  hyberno  moliris  sidere  classem, 

Et  mediis  properas  Aquilonibus  ire  per  altum, 
311.  OcmdeliiAoi7>e#/  Cnidclis  !  Quid  ?  si  non  arva  aliena  domosque 
Qnid  f  ntu  non  peterci  Ignotas  pcteres,  et  Troja  antiqua  maneret ; 

IVoja  per  undosum  peteretur  classibus  aequor  ? 

NOTEa 

^7.  Hac  allemanti :    thifl   plan  socmcd  and  carried  about  in  procesaion  by  hif 

tho  bcttor  to  hiin,  wavcrinjr  in  inind,  and  tic  votariea.   Tho  inysterica  of  Hacchii 

exainiiiin^  what  had  bcKt  bu  done    in    his  cclcbrated  cvery  third  year :  hcnce  th 

proMcut  situation.  Kueus  says  cofuilium^  ibr  called  trictcrica. 

terUtntia.  302^  Thj/ai :  a  bacchanal ;  froin  a 

293.  jiditu3 :  thc  avenues  or  passagcs  to  woja  sijrnifying  to  roar  about  in  wil 

her  heart     Qua;  what  nught  bo  the  fittcst  frantic  dittordcr. 

or   ■on.est  momcnts  of  addrc88inef  hcr,  to        o^o    ».-    ,  /-'ml   /^:«k.» 

..k*-:..    k-.- «„..„««♦  ni         r        ip    .:             303.  JSioctumutCitharon,     Cith»rc 

obtain  ncr  conscnt.     Rtuut :  for  encctui?         _       *  •     •      u     •;« ^a   »^  »• 

. .      „  *     a  mountain  in   Bootia  .Bacred   to  llt 

hii  purposos. 

pit :    heard — found  out.      Ti- 

tuta:  fcaring  all  thin|^  whcn 

laring  dangcr  whcn  all  things 

Cithairon,     Eam  ia  understood  af\er  i 


nno     f         -i      u^    j     r      j       «  rwi-  Hcrc  hiH  niyBtcric«  were  cclebrated 

298.    Lxctpit :    heard — found  out.  7i-  ♦  j^  .•       •  u  j             -u.  i  -:..a 

•     M  t      c^    '         II  <!.•  I  moMt  diiitinfiruiMhcd  manner  by  niHinn 

ma  omnia  tuta:  icarinir  all  thinirs  whcn     r  n              ^f^i.                 iv    : i_ .    , 


motf 
nco  no€ 


«,c«  u«.,„.*  *.*»u.  *.......s  «.  «..„g-  «„«.  foUowore.     They  were,  for  the 

even  sate — foaring  dangcr  whcn  all  thin^rs  ,  ,     .    .  •     .i        •  . :      u 

P       c,        «•     :    ri                 r   j  colchratcd  m  the  niirht.     Hi»nc 

are  ■aK*.     turcnti:  in  thc  scnHC  of  aa  aur^f  ^.^.               e.       •         >      .     j 

,        ..      '                ..        t      ■       •    *u  Cithairon.     £am  la  understood  i 
furcntis^  8IV0  umamu.     Impia :  in  thc  seiise 

of  isra,  says  Heyno.     DttulU:  in  thc  seiuie  307.  Dextera  quondam  data:   thy 

of  nuntiavU.  haiid   once  given.     Thia  alludca  U 

300.  Inops  animi :  dcvoid  of  reason.  marriagc.     Supra,  172.     Tcnrt  i«  to  l 

301.  (iuaiis  Thj/as :  as  a  bacchaiml  rouscd  PJied,  or  rcpeated,  wilh  each  of  the 
at  tho  inoving  o"f  thc  sarrcd  nynibol»,  &c.  ^ing  noniinativcs. 

Servius  inforinB  ub  that  commovere  sacra  was  309.  Motiris  classem :  doyou  prepaj 

a  phra.<o  UBod  by  the  Romans  to  signify  the  flect  in  tho  wintcr  aoaBon.     Thc  north 

0|)«;ning  of  thc  solemniticK  of  partic-ular  di-  wcre  directly  against  ^ncas  in  suilin 

vinitios,  on  their  high  fcstival  days ;  whcn  Africa  to  Italy.     This  «pcech  of  I 

their  sacred   syinbols   wcre  removcd  froin  teiidcr  and  perauaBive.     And  since 

Choir  icmpleB,  in  order  to  be  carried  about  pcarcd  hin  purpose  to  Bail  to  Italy,  ■ 

bi  pompoiu  procoBsion.     Thia  was  particu-  dcavors  to  distfuado  him  from  it,  un 

luij  tho  case  in  celobrating  the  Orgia^  or  wintcr  and  contrary  winds  wcro  ovefi 

■yilaries  of  Bacchus,  when  the  itatucB  of  hope  that,  by  ropeatcd  instanoca  of  I 

ttlt  god  woro  romovod  from  hia  tcmples,  fection  aud  rcgard,  he  might  bo  indo 


iENEIS.    UB.  IV.  990 

is?  per  ego  has  lacrymas  dextramque  tuam,  te,  31*.  £go  oru  te  p«r 
liud  mihi  jam  misene  nihil  ipsa  reliqui,  816  ^"  ^•^y'""^  tuamqiia 
ibia  noBtra,  per  inceptos  Hymenffios ;  dextrwn   (quaiido   ipn 

•  1  j    *  •    /•  •.       .  A-t  •  J*^™  reiiqui   nihil  alittd 

Jid  de  te  merui,  fuit  aut  tibi  quicquam  \aM  mis^ne)  per  noiitra 

um ;  miserere  domiis  labentis,  et  istam,  317.  Aut  ti  quicquMiu 

lis  adliuc  precibus  locus,  exue  nientem.  meum   fuit  dulce  tibi, 

r  Libycie  gentes,  Nomadumque  tyranni  320  »i»«f«" 

iensi  Tyrii :  te  propter  eundem  ^21.  Odere  me,  ei  T7- 

pudor,  et,  quA  solA  sidora  adibam,  "i    'nfenii    sunt  wuki: 

>.•      Cui  me  moribundam  deseris,  hospes  ^         P~P^^  ^\^''!1^'^'T^ 

,  ^   l  ^  pudor  exUnctue  §ti^  et 

Q  nomen  quoniam  de  conjuge  Hestat.  J,^  prio,  ^,^ 

or  ?  an  mea  Pygmalion  dum  mtienia  frater  326 
aut  captam  ducat  Getulus  larbas  ? 

qua  mihi  de  te  suscepta  fuisset  327.  Siquaioboleeial- 

m  solk>les ;  si  quis  mihi  parvulus  aulA  ^^  suacepta  fuiieet  wa^ 

Eneas,  qui  te  tantiim  ore  referret ;  *"*  •**  ^  *"^  ^^^  " 

lem  omnin6  capta  aut  deserta  viderer.    /.  330  ^^  pwvwui  ^uieae 

Ille  Jovis  monitis  immota  tenebat 
t  obnixus  curam  sub  corde  premebat. 

•auca  refert :  Ego  te,  quae  plurima  fando  334.    O  Regina,  ego 

e  vales  nunquam,  regina,  negabo  nunquam  negabo  te  pro- 

m :  nec  me  meminisse  pigebit  Elisae  ;  336  «neritam  ««c  plurima  dw 

tor  ipse  mei,  dum  spiritus  hos  reget  artus.  ^!^^r^d^^  eeenume- 
jca  loquar.     Nec  ego  hanc  abscondere  furto         335.  Dum  ego  ipee  m 

e  finge,  fugam  ;  nec  conjugis  unquam  memor  mei,  dum 

NOTES. 

le  idea  of  it  altogether.    Sidere :  penon  and  featuree.    But  thia  lenlinieiit 

I  of  tempare,  doee  not  veij  well  agree  with  the  preaeiit 

^enaot:  in  the  sonse  of  amorei,  strain  of  her  diBcourBe;  which  is  full  of  teo- 

e  ntnt  duleei^  eaja  Servius.  demen,  sofl  addreu,  and  moving  ezpoetn- 

iem:  purpoae — deaign  of  leav-  lation. 

Since  ahe  could  not  enjoy  his  peieon,  it 

innt  JVoimufum:  the  kingi  of  the  would  have  been  some  alleviation  of  her 

The  ancient  Romans  used  tho  distress,  if  she  had  a  son  by  him,  who  mighl 

:niu  and  rex  promiscuously.  only  set  the  imago  of  the  fathor  before  her  * 

u  in/cnn.     She  here  alludes  to  eyes,  if  he  could  do  notJiing  more.     Heyne 

of  lier  brother  to  pursue  her,  as  reads  tamen,     Rusns  says,  qui  reprtuenia» 

itioned.  rit  te  tantum  mod^  vultu. 

or  extineiut :  my  chastity  is  gone,  330.  Cavta,     Rusus  interprets    this    by 

ler  fame,  by  which  alonc  I  reach-  deeepta^  whioh  is  very  harsh,  aud  cannot  be 

the  meaning  of  the  speaker.     Capta  refere 

niam  hoe  nomen :  since  this  name  to  what  she  had  said  just  beforc,  326  supray 

ns  of  the  husband.     It  is  to  be  aut  eaptam  dueat  Oetuhu  Inrhat, 

\i  Dido  does  not  address  hiin  by  In  order  to  paint  her  distress  to  Aneae  ia 

ig  name  of  husband,  but  by  that  the  liveliest  colors,  she  represents  him  as  the 

or  guesL,  fiospet :  and  she  con  only  person,  on  whom  she  could  depend  for 

lim  in  no  other  light,  since  he  is  protection ;  and  now  he  was  going  to  aban- 

kve  her.  don  her,  considers  herself  forlorn,  deeertcd, 

d  moror?  what  do  I  wait  for?  and  lefl  a  prey  to  her  enemies,  who  had  al- 

tis  parvulus:  if  any  little  iEnoas  ready,  as  it  were,  made  her  thoir  captive. 

jo  me  in  my  hall,  who  only  mifirht  This  is  the  dreary  imafjre  that  haunte  her 

)u  in  fonn,  I   should  not,  &c.  disturbed  fancy  by  day,  and  her  dreams  by 

nt  copies  read  iamen^  instead  of  night.     See  verse  466.  infra. 

10  nevertheless  should  resemble  333.  Referi:  in  the  sense  of  reepondei. 

^me  explain  the  words,  qui  te  337.  Loquar  pauea  pro  rt:  1  will  speak  a 

retore;  as  if  Dido  did  not  wish  few  things  to  Uie  point  in  quostion.    J€m 

reeemble  .£neaB  in  hia  mind,  ego  speravi:  aor  did  I  hope  to  ooufieelmi 

hardoees  of  hearty  but  onif  in  departuroi  fce.    Thk  Va  %  ^VV  ^  \lnAc?% 


aUO  P.  VIRGILU  MAliONlS 

Pnetendi  tiedas,  aut  hsc  in  foeden  feni. 

Me  81  fata  meis  paterentur  ducere  vitam  ] 

Auspiciis,  et  sponte  meA  componere  curat ; 

Urbem  Trojanam  primum  dulcesque  meonim 

Relliquias  colerem  ;  Priami  tecta  alta  roanefent ; 

£t  recidiva  manu  posuissem  Pergama  victis. 
345.  GrynsuB  Apdllo  Sed  nunc  Italiam  magnam  Grynieus  Apollo ; 
tumi  wu  eapetseremhg'  Jtaliam  Lyciaj  iussere  capessere  sortes. 
Mrteijuiwdrem^  Hic  amor,  hajc  palna  est.     Si  te  Carthaginis  aivea 

Phcenissam,  Libycaeque  aspectus  detinet  urbis : 

350.   Fa«  tii  et  nofl  Qhsb  tandem  Afisoni&  Teucros  considere  terri 

quBrere  Invidia  est  ?  et  nos  fas  extera  quierere  regna. 

Jotl.    1  urbiaa    imaffo  ,-.         ^  •     a      !_•  •      i  «i  •    • 

patris  AnchisB  admonot  ^e  patris  Anchisae,  quolies  hunienUbus  umbns 

6t  terret  me  in  somnia,  Nox  operit  terras,  quoties  astra  ignea  sui^gunt, 

quoties  Admonet  in  somnis  et  turbida  terret  imago : 

354.   Puer  Ascaniua,  jyjg  pugp  Ascanius,  capitisque  iniuria  chari, 

;Si"Tuemru5o«;ro  Q"«™  regno  Hesper»  (mudo  et  feuUbus  .rv». 
Heaperis,  et    fat&libus  Nunc  etiam  mterpres  Divum,  Jove  missus  ab  ipso, 
arvifl.  admonei  me.  (^Festor  utrumque  caput)  celeres  mandata  per  auns 

NOTES. 

accuiation,  dUtimulare  eiiam^  &c.     Verse  country.    What  makes  the  objection  ■! 

305,  Bupra.  Ihe  niore  specioui  ia,  that  Virjpl  uiei  m 

339.  PrcUendi.  Rucus  takes  this  in  the  for  coiuittem;  but  there  are  many  insti 
■ense  of  Prttiexui^  in  allusion  to  vorse  17^2,  whorc  the  imperfect  of  the  sub.  hai 
where  it  is  said  of  Dido,  pra^texit  ctilpam  same  signification  with  the  plup.,  and 
hoe  nomine :  nor  did  1  ever  cover  over  our  plain  that  it  has  in  the  preseiit  inst 
marriage  with  tho  nanie  of  husband,  or  come  both  from  the  sense,  and  the  use  ofpetu 
into  the  bands  of  Uymcn.  in  the  following  line,  with  which  the 

Somo  tuke  prvetcfuli  in  the  senRc  of  prce'  ccding  vcrbs  are  connected.     Autpieii 

tuii:  nor  did  1  ever  bcar  bufore  mc  the  nup«  tlic  sense  oi' voluniate,     Curat:  intiiei 

tiaJ  torch :  in  allusion  to  a  Roman  custom  of  nt^otia^  says  Heyne. 

of  carrying  lighted  tonihes  before  the  new  344.  Jieeidim:  rebuilt— raised  upal 

married  couple.     ]n  either  case,  the  plam  faH.    jPo«iiw«n :  in  the  sense  of  rM/iiiM 

meaning  is:  1  had  no  part  in  our  nuptials —  atr    n               a     n       rnu         ♦i.-» 

I  conscntod  not  to  them ;   nor  did  I  entcr  ^^*  ^'^5"'  -f/^^^f "  J^^  *^P*^^*^' 

into  any  contract  of  that  nature.     This  au-  "5'"  ^l,  f  ^«"  ^^  AP°"°  ^^^"^  ^'^ 

swers  Dido^«  charge  against  him  :  .Vcc  te  city  <>f  ^a/.a,  near  which  was  a  grovs 

notter  amor.  &c.     Vorse  305,  suj.ra.  ^"^  Gryn^um^  where  ApoUo  had  «,0« 

340.  Si  fata  pateraUur :  \f  the  destinics  ^^^^^  antiquity,  and  abo  a  spleiidid  te. 
had  permilted  nie  to  lead  my  lifc,  &:c.  3^6.    Li/cia  tortet,     Lyeia,    a  mai 

This  passuge  furnishcs  the  critics  with  a  country  of  jitia  Minor,  m  which  wa 

pretext  to  condeinn  iEneas  of  ingratitudo  ^»^7  Patara^  whore  Apollo  had  a  fa 

and  insenBibility.     Was  it  not  enough,  Kay  teniplc  and  oracle.     This  and  sonie 

they.  for  him  to  let  Dido  know  that  he  was  Oruclet  were  called  Sortet^  bccause  tlw 

forced  by  the  Deetinies  elsewhcre,  without  terrnined  tJie  fate  of  the  person  by  ci 

insulUng  her  with  an  oj»en  declaration,  that  or  drawing  lots,  throwing  dice,  or  hy 

he  prefcrred  other  objecU  to  her?     But  we  «»ch  incthod,  whicli  was  thou^ht  to  bi 

shaU  not  think  iEneas  so  much  to  blame,  ^or  the  immediate  dircction  ot  tlie  god 

if  we    consider  the   truo   mcaning  of   his  350.  Fcu.    This  word  properly  signi 

words.     Dido  had  urged  him  to  stay ;   ho  divine  law — what  is  right  or  lawfuK—i 

answers,  it  is  not  in  his  power,  bccause  the  duty  towards  God.     Et^  oftcn,  as  here^ 

Destinies  opposed  it:  in  proof  of  it,  iie  as-  the  senso  of  etiam^  vel  quoque. 

■uros  hor  that  if  iliey  had  left  him  to  his  355.  Falalibut  arvit:   fields  destim 

own  choicc,  he  would  never  havo  lcft  his  him  by  fatc. 

native country :  he  would  havo  rebuilt  Troy,  ^neas  had  all  along  bcen  directed  1 

whicli  iiuw  lay  in  ashcs.     This  is  not  say-  to  Italy,  under  the  assurance  of  a  pei 

iii(;  if  I  vere  at  hberty,  I  would  forsake  scttlorncnt.     Tliis  country  the  gods  ha^ 

joa  and  roturn,  and  rebuild  Troy ;   but  I  tinud  to  hiin. 

venld  nevcr  have  formed  any  otlier  dcsign  357.    Tettor  uirumque  eaput :    I  01 

'*       thai  </*  rvpainng  the  desolatiou  of  my  wituoss  each  god,  viz.  Mercuiy  aiid  • 


iENEIS.    LTB.  IV.  SOI 

(lilalit     Ipae  Deum  manifesto  in  lumine  vidi 
^   jblrantem  muros,  vocemque  his  auribus  hausi. 
f     I>eiine  meque  tuis  incendere,  teque  querelis :  360 

1.      llaKam  non  sponte  sequor* 

Talia  dicentem  jamdudum  aversa  tuetur,  3W.  Dido  jamdoitiini 

'      lluc  illuc  volvens  ocalos,  totumque  pererrat  aver«  tuetur  tihm  6U 

linmimbus  tacitis,  et  sic  accensa  profatur : 
]^     Nec  tibi  Diva  parens,  generis  n^  Dardanus  auctor,   365 

P^de,  sed  duris  genuit  te  cautibus  horrens 

Otucasus,  Hyrcaneque  admdrunt  ubera  tigres. 

Nani  quid  dissimulo  ?  aut  qus  me  ad  majora  reservo  ? 

Nmn  fletu  ingemuit  nostro  ?  num  lumina  flexit  ?       [est  ? 

Num  lachrymas  victus  dedit  ?  aut  miseratus  amantem 

Qu«  quibus  anteferam  ?  jam  jam  nec  maxinia  Juno, 

Nec  Satumius  hsec  oculis  pater  aspicit  a^quis. 

NtiHquam  tuta  fides.     Ejectum  litore,  egentem 

Bxcepi,  et  regni  demens  in  parte  locavi :  374.  Ezcepi  cumejee- 

Ajnissam  classem,  socios  k  morte  reduxi.  376  *^  litore,  egentem  om^ 

Heu!  furiis  incensa  feror.     Nunc  augur  ApoUo,  ^Tin  nl^T^i 

^Unc  Lyciie  sortes,  nunc  et  Jove  missus  ab  ipso 

^terpres  DivOm  fert  Jiorrida  jussa  per  auras. 

^Cilicet  is  Superis  labor  est,  ea  cura  quietos 

^UicitaL     Neque  te  teneo,  neque  dicta  refello.         380 

'«  aequere  Italiam  ventis ;  pete  regna  per  undas. 

NOTES. 

amU  bj  lynec.  ie  here  put  for  the  whole  368.  Majara :  in  the  ■enie  of  fnafon»  U^ 

f^  or  pereon:  eo  also  in  line  354.     Val-  jurias. 

9f  VttderttandB  it  of  Dido  and  ^neae.  But  369.  Aum  ingemuU  nottro :  did  he  ni^at 

&i  im  Hn|ralu-  in  thia.    Rubbus  says,  uirum-  my  toars  ?  did  he  move  hia  eyea,  &c.    Thia 

fiM  Deum.  refers  to  331  supra :  lUe  Jovit  monitit  unmota 

359.  HttuH  hi$  auribut:  l  drew  his  voice  tenebat  lumina, 

kto  theee  ears— I  heard  his  voice.   This  is  a  371.  Quce  quibua  anteferam:  what  thingi 

(l^oiiasnius  common  to  mott  languages.     It  can  I  mention  before  thcse?     Ruidus  says: 

Ids  strength  to  the  affirmation.  Inter  qu<t  omnia  hgna  immanitatis^  queenam 

960.  Ineendere :  to  trouble — afflict.  aliis  magora  dicam,     Valpy  savB  :  how  shaL 

Aversa:  in  the  sense  of  infensa.  I  cxprcss  myself?  to  wiiich  feeling  shall  I 

Pererrat :  surveys  him  all  over.  first  give  utterance  ?     But  thc  words  will 

Taeitis:  stcady — fized.  bear  anolhor  meaning:  beforo  whom  can  ) 

»•  AVr  tibi  Diva^  &c.     Dido,  finding  carry  these  things:  viz.  my  complaints.  To 

isdeaf  toallherentreaties,  aflerrecalN  this  we  are  lcd  from  considering  what  fol- 

%mg  aU  the  fine  things  she  had  said  of  him,  lows;  as  if  Dido  had  said  :  to  whom  can  1 

12  el  sequens^  breaks  forth  into  the  apply  for  redress?  since  neither  powerful 

bitter   invectives :   Nor  is  a  goddess  Juno,  nor  father  Jove  regards  my  sufferings 

parent — nor  Dardanus  the  foundcr  of  with  equal  eyes.     There  is  justice  neither 

race ;  but  frightful  Caucasus  brought  in  heaven  nor  earth. 

VOQ  Ibrth  among  its  hard  rocks,  and  the  373.  Ejectum:  shipwrocked. 

njieanian  tigen  gave  vou  suck.  375.  Heduxi  :    in  the  sense  of  servavi 

Cstmeasus:  a  very  inhoepitable  mountain,  See  Mn,  vii.  431.    Amissam  :  in  tlie  tenee 

wUch  divides  Scythia  from  India.     It  lies  of  quassatatn, 

^•tween    the    Caspiaii    and    Euxino  seas.  376.  Aunc  augur  Apollo,    She  here  al- 

^fmmim  tigres:    Hyrcania,  a  country  in  ludes  to  what  £noas  had  said  before,  vena 

A«a,  ancienUy  a  part  of  Parthia,  lying  be-  345,  et  sequens.    Feror :  in  the  scnse  of  nh 

Iween  Mtdia  on  the  west,  and  Margiana  on  pior, 

the  Mft;  and  having  theCaspian  sea  on  tho  381    A  tejuere  Italiam  ventis^  &c.    Thia 

Mrtk    It  ia  eubject  to  the  Persians.    Ho-  Qaintilian  gnres  as  an  instance  of  the  iro» 

§k%  Tabarestetn,    This  country  was  infested  nical  style.    Nothing  is  /nore  m  charactet 

wWi  the  moet  savage  beaete.    Admbruni  :  of  an  injured  lover,  than  to  order  hiro  to  do 

itaj  moved  th«r  taate  to  yon,  the  very  thing,  which  was  contrarv  to  har 


108  V.  VIRGILri  MAR0NI8 

382.  Spero   equidem  Spero  equidem  mediis,  si  quid  pia  numina  poaBunlt 
te  hausufum   supplicia  Supplicia  hausunim  scopulis,  et  nomine  Dido 
II  ™*vn!f-t.^I!^''^*njH!!  Sfiepe  vocaturum.     Sequar  atris  ignibus  absena 

MDpo    vocaturum    Uiao  «'^v-..,  'aj**.^  i 

nomine,  si  pia  numina  Et,  cum  frigida  mors  animft  seduxerit  artus,  i 

poHunt  efficert  quid        Oninihus  umbra  locis  adero.     Dab^jimprobe,  poeM 

387.  UiBc  fama  tua-  Audiam,  et  ha*c  Manes  veniet  mihi  jaiKia  sub  linos. 
rum    panarum    veniet  jjjg  medium  dictis  sermonem  abrumpit,  et  auras 
"      «u   imos  iEgra  fugit,  seque  ex  oculis  avertit  et  aufert, 

390.    Lmquent    eum  Linquens  multa  metu  cunctantem  et  multa  paranten 
•oiictantem  metQ,  et        Dicere.     Suscipiunt  famulae,  collapsaque  membra 

Marmoreo  referunt  thalamo,  stratuque  reponunt 

At  pius  iEneas,  quanquam  lehire  dolentem 
Solando  cupit,  et  dictis  avertere  curas ; 
395.  Labefactus  ^iioacl  Multa  gemens,  magnoque  animum  labe&ctus  amorai 
animum  magno  amorc,  j^^^  j^jj,g„  DivAm  exsequitur,  classeraque  revint 
tamen  ex«.qu.tur  jus«  ^^^  ^^^  ^^^^^  in^umbunt,  et  litore  celsas 

Deducunt  toto  naves :  natat  uncta  carina  ; 

401.  Cemas  TrqjanM  Frondentesque  ferunt  remos,  et  robora  sylvis 
migFantes,  ruentesque      Infabricata,  fugaB  studio. 

402.  Ac  reluti  cAm  Miffrantes  cenias,  totAque  ex  urbe  ruentes. 

rormice    momores    hy-   *!*••  ^r*       n :« 

emia    populant    ingeri.  ^^  ^®*"^  mgentem  formicie  fams  acervum 

tem  acervum  farris,  re-  Ciim  populant,  hyemis  memores,  tectoque  reponmitt 
ponuntque  m  tecto         It  nignim  campis  agmen,  praedamque  per  herbai 

NOTES. 

inclinations.      Serviui  observes  too,    that  phantom  or  shade,  which  commoiil) 

Dido  commands  in  a  way  that  implies  dis-  qucnted  the  place  where  the  body  wa 

iuasion,  bv  mentioning  the  winds  and  the  ricd ;  or  haunted  those  abodes  to  whj 

waves,  which  servcd  to  remind  him  of  his  had  been  accustomed   in  life:  the  Jt 

dangor ;  and  by  using  the  word  aequtrt^  as  which  were  confinod  to  the  lower  ref 

if  Italy  fled  froin  hiin.  and  tiic  Spiritut^  which  rctumed  to  M 

382.  Spero  eqnidcm:  I  hopo  indeed  you  itH   original    abode.      Manes   is    freqa 

will  Buflrer  punishincnt  among  the  intervcn-  taken  for  the  place  of  the  dead,  by  fl 

ing  rocks,  &:c.     Haiuurum:   part.    fut.    of  which  ip  the  moaning  hcre. 

haurio:  to  drink.     This  secms  to  be  used  3BU.  Aurai:  in  the  sense  of  lueewu 

in  allusion  to  the  dcath  which  she  hoped  ho  389.  ^gra/ugU  auras:  faint,  she  fli 

would  dic,  that  is,  by  drowning.     This  was  lijrht — she  withdrew  from  further  coiiii 

reckoned  the  peculiur  punishrnent  reserved  with  iEneas,  into   her   private   apait 

by  Heaven  for  pcrfidious  lovers.     Dido :  a  Hcre,  quite  overcome,  she   fainted,  i 

Greek  acc.  of  the  contracted  nouns.  may  suppose,  whcn  her   servants  cai 

384.  Absent  sequar^  Sic.     The   mcaning  her  aid,  and  placed  hor  upon  hor  bed. 

is :  that  thc  remembrance  of  Dido,  whom  withdrew  froni  the  light  to  her  apartl 

he  had  abandonud,  though  absent,  would  says  Valpy.     Some  Uiink  she  fainted 

■till  haunt  his  guilty  mind,  like  a  grim  fury.  away,  and  ceased  to  breathe  ;  but  tbii 

Thissatisfaction  nlicshould  havcinlife;  and  consistcnt    with   what  follows  :    orer 

when  dcath  should  scparate  her  houI  and  au/ert^  Szc, 

body,  and  her  ghost,  umbra^  should  be  at  390.  J\ruUa^    The  multa  in  the  prec 

liborty  to  rangc  over  thc  universe,  it  should  part  of  the  line,  appears  entirely  ezplt 

also  haunt  hiin   whorcvcr  he  went.     Atris  393.  Dolentem :  referring  to  Dido. 

ignibus  rcfcrs  prohubly  tothe  represcntation  copies  have  dolorem^  as  Ueyne  infonn 

of  thc  furioM,  arinod  with  torches  ;    which  393.    Deducunt :    launch  tJie  lofly 

Ciccro  explairui  of  llic  stings  and  torincnts  along  the  whole  shore. 

of  a  guilty  conscicncc.  399.  Ferunt  remoa :  they  bring  froi 

386.  Umbra  adcro:  I,  a  shade,  or  ghost,  woods  green  (unwrouglit)  oars,  and 
will  bo  prosont  with  you,  &c.  timbcr;  such  was  their  hurry  and 

387.  Ha^c  /ama  ventet :  this  nevvs  shall  tiencc  to  be  gone.  Frondente»  :  01 
conie  to  mo  undor  the  lowest  shades.  The  witli  leavcs — not  evcn  stripped  of 
ancients  nbscrved  a  threofold  distinction  in  leavcs. 

the  imiHorUl  part  qC  man,  viz. :  the  Umbra^        403.  Teeio :  in  thMt  oeUe,  or  holoa 


I 

taVs  seiun 
tuno  tibi 


iENEIS.    UB.  IV. 

int  calle  angusto  :  pars  grandia  trudunt        406 

frumenta  humeris :  pars  agmina  cogunt, 

tque  moras :  opere  omnis  semita  ferveU 

ibi  tunc,  Dido,  cementi  talia  sensus  ?  ...^ru?'^^  "•***"  ^^ 

iabas  gemitus,  ciim  litora  fervere  latd 

res  arce  ex  summa,  totumque  videres  410     410.Videreiqiietotum 

sinte  oculos  tantis  clamoribus  lequor  ?  •quor  miaceri 

amor,  quid  non  mortalia  pectora  cogis !  412.  Quid  noi:  oogis 

m  in  lachrymas,  iterum  tentare  precando  mortalia  pectort  |itfp*> 

et  supplex  animos  submittere  amori  ;  ^*^*^ 

inexpertum,  frustrji  moritura,  relinquat.         415 

des  toto  properari  litore  :  circiim  _^    ^ 

convendre :  vocat  jam  carbasus  auras,  J'?'  °  ™'^!;' "  .S 

,     .  .       ^*     .  ^  potui  sperare  nunc  tan* 

9  et  laeti  nauts  imposu^re  coronas.  tum  dolorem,  pocui  per- 

'O  si  potui  tantum  sperare  dolorem —  419 /erre;  et  poteroper^m 
rre,  soror,  potero.     Misenu  hoc  tamen  unum       ewn. 

re,  Anna,  mihi :  solam  nam  perfidus  ille  ^  ^21.  Nam  ille  perfidtv 

e,  areanos  etiam  Ubi  credere  sensus  ;  ^j^^  ^^^^  ^^^  ^. 

moUes  aditus  et  tempora  nOras.  ouios  ■ensue  tibi :  iu  aola 

atque  hostem  supplex  affitre  superbum :  ndras  mollet  aditue 

NOTE8. 

meeeiani :  thej  cmrry  oAen.    Bj  b«r  indignation,  to  love — to  ^ve  up  aU  to 

I  verb,  the  poet  repreientt  thoee  tJie  ■uperior  power  and  effica^ir  of  hor  love. 

narching  bacliward  and  forward,  415.    Mwriiura  frutiriL     Comroentatoni 

oing  frequentlj  to  their  celle,  full  are  not  agreed  upon  the  meaning  of  tbo 

h  their  bootj,  like  soldiers  reaping  word  /ruitra  in  thie  place.,    Serviue  cmi* 

I  of  an  enemj.    Part  obnixtt :  a  necta  it  with  inexperium,     The  meaning 

ring*  with  their  ehoulders,   pueh  then  will  be :  that  she  might  not  leavo  anj 

large  graine.  thing  unatteropted,  though  in  vain  ;  sinoe 

oras :   in  the  sense  of  moraniet :  she  was  resolved  to  die.     fiAt  it  is  more  lik* 

:  delaj.  *  Frequent  ailusions  have  a  lover  to  entertain  some  glimmering  hoM 

e  bj  poets  of  all  ages  to  the  ants,  as  long  as  the  dear  object  is  witiiin  reach. 

les  of  industrj,  wisdom,  and  fore-  The  better  meaning  is :  lest  bj  leaving  anj 

Go  to  tho  ant,  thou  sluggard,  con*  thing  unattempted,  or  untriod,  she  should 

wajs,  and  be  wise,"  sajs  Solomon.  die  in  vain — she  should  seem  to  throw  awaj 

ibservation  has  not  discovered  in  her  life. 

such  instances  of  industrj.    On  416.  Properari:  there  is  a  hastening,  stir, 

ajs  thej  carrj  out  of  their  cells,  or  bustle  around  on  the  whole  shore.    This 

le  to  the  warmth  of  the  sun,  their  verb  is  used  impersonallj. 

it  we  find  no  store  of  provisions  418.  JfauUt  impotuere:  the  jovous  ma* 

ifainst   approaching  want.      For  riners  have  placed  garlands  on  the  slenis. 

B  cold  season  of  the  jear,  thej  lie  It  was  a  custom  amon?  sailors  to  deck  the 

d  state,  and  require  no  food.  stems  of  the  ship,  botn  at  sailiiig  and  land- 

trvere  :  to  be  all  in  a  bustle— to  be  ing.     The  reason  for  this  was,  that  on  tlie 

mpied.  stems  was  a  ohapel  in  honor  of  the  godt 

yro^ :  in  the  sense  ofcnM^/u,  vel  Pelcui^  who  were  considered  the  patrona 

and  proteotors  of  the  ship. 

^twr  tre  iierum:    she  Is  forced  419.   Si  ego  potui  tperare^  &c.     Rnnofl 

go  into  tears,  again  to  trj  him  bj  obscures  this,  and  the  following  line,  bj  con* 

on,  &C.     As  the  poet  had  used  necting  them  oloselj  together.     It  is  plain 

before,  so  here  he  repeats  the  same  there  is  an  ellipsis  of  the  words  votui  oer - 

I  shows  the  constraining  power  of  ferre^  which  must  be  supplied      Tnis  suaden 

>ido^s  conduct — she  is  forced,  in  and  abrupt  transition  is  perfectlj  agreeable 

ler  pride,  her  reoentment,  her  reso-  to  the  temper  of  Dido^s  mind,  and  shows  tbe 

id  her  imprecations.  proprietj  of  potero  being  in   the    future  : 

t.    .491111111«,  in  the  plu.  properlj  which  otherwise  cannot  fa«  justified  on  anj 

Lhe  affections  or  passions  of  the  principlos  of  language. 

'he  meaning  of  the  passage  is  :  she  421.  Exteqtiere:  do — pcrform. 

again  to  have  recourso  to  team,  422.  Colere:  in  thesenso  of  amare, 

rj  hiin  with  prayers,  and  to  submit  424.  Hottem*    This  word  sometinioe  ww 

mii,  ber  reeentment,  her  pride,  and  nsed  bjbthe  aneiMili  in  tha  wnaa  nlC  Hm^ 


1104  P.  VIKGILI1  MARONIS 

4S5.  Ego  non  juravi  Non  cgo  cum  Danais  TroJRnain  exscindere  geotem 
Aalide  ciim  Danais  ex-  Aulide  juravi,  classcmve  ad  Pergama  misi : 

bem  mLiXe*^*"*'"  ^'  ^^^  patris  Anchisas  cineres  Manesve  revelli. 

Cur  mea  dicta  negat  duras  demittere  in  aures  ? 
Qud  ruit?  extremum  hoc  misera;  det  munus  amanti: 
Expectet  facilemque  fugam,  ventosque  fereiites.    >^ 
Non  jam  conjugium  antiquum,  quod  prodidit,  uro  ; 
Nec  pulchro  ut  Latio  careat,  regnumque  relin<|uiit 
Tempus  inane  petp,  requiem  spatiumque  iururi  ; 
Dum  mea  me  victam  doceat  fortuna  dolere. 
Extremam  hanc  oro  veniam  :  miserere  sororis  ! 
Quain  mihi  ciim  dederit,  cumulatum  morte  remiitam 

NOTES. 

a  foest  or  Btranger.    Cicero  layi :  ^jntd  rrferwn^  and  morU  in  the  Bense  of  cnii 

wu^oret  notirot^  itdieebatur  hottit^  quem  nune  moriar^  vel  grata  ero  per  toiam  vitam 

peregrinut  dieemut,  ad  moriem.     Thia  must  appear  to  tbe 

426.  Aulide  :  ubl.  of  Auliiy  a  town  upon  Buperficial  reader  a  forced  and  unwair 
the  itrait,  which  tteparatea  Euboea  from  exposition ;  and  nothing  but  the  diff 
Beotia,  nearly  opposite  Chalcis.  Here  the  attending  the  reading  could  hare  lef 
Greeks,  on  their  way  to  Uie  eicgo  of  Troy,  leamed  commentator  into  it.  Valp, 
took  an  oatli  nevcr  to  retum  to  their  coun-  serves  of  this  ezposition  of  Hcyne, 
try,  tili  they  had  destroyed  that  city.  ^  though  stated  by  him  with  connd 

427.  Rexelli:  in  the  sense  of  viotovt.  confidence,  it  appears   forced   and  i' 

428.  Demittere :  to  admit — receive.  bable." 

430.  Ferentet :  in  the  sense  of  teeundot.  If  we  consider  the  passage  as  refen 
Munut :  benefit — ^favor.  iCneas,  it  will  be  rendered  easier.    1 

431.  J^onjam  oro:  I  do  not  now  plead  caso,  we  roust  read  eumuiatum,  I 
our  formcr  marriage,  which  he  hath  violated.  considers  it  in  this  view,  but  appean  li 
Aniiquut  soniotimes  signifies,  honorabie.  mistaken  the  sonse  of  etimii/s/tiai 
This  in  the  senHe  Mr.  Davidson  givos  to  the  thereby  given  to  the  words,  cnsn 
word  in  ttiiH  placo.  morte   remittam^    a   tura    which   the 

433.    Peto  inane  temput :    1  ask  a  little  hardly  bear.     Mjieiam  meam  mortem 

timo  as  a  respitc,  and  a  space  for  (allaying)  eumvlum  votit  ejut^  says  lie.     fiy  « 

my  lovo.     Ad  extinguendum  amorem,  says  meam  mortem^   we  are  to  undcrstan 

Kueus.  Dido  informed  her  sister  of  her  resi 

435.  frniam :  rcquest — favor.  to  kill  herself,  and  that  she  maken  a 

436.  ^uam  mihi  citm.  This  verse  has  dcclaration  to  that  effect.  fiut  fWi 
very  inuch  perplcxcd  commcntators,  ond  di-  subBequent  part  of  the  story,  it  appi 
vidcd  tlieir  opinionn.  The  readings,  also,  havo  been  hcr  anxious  solicitude  to  ( 
are  various.  Ruceus"  reading  is  moKt  gcne-  from  her  that  dcsporate  resolution. 
rolly  approved.  Ile  makcs  the  following  by  cwnulum  votit  ejtu^  we  are  given 
commcnt  upon  the  pasaage  :  Cibn  contuierit  derstand  tiiat  her  death  was  an  ok 
mtAt  hoc  hentjicium  pauio  longiorit  mora,  dcsire  to  iEneas — that  it  would  affo 
hane  extremam  gratiam^  remittam  illum^  n-  pleabure,  and  be  a  source  of  gratifid 
nam  abirc^  et  aajieiam  meam  mortem^  qucui  him.  fiut  tliis  is  altogether  incoi 
cumulum  votit  ejut,  with  those  feelings  wliich  he  manifoi 

The  nieaning  of  this  much  disputed  pas-  wards  her,  vcrse  393  supra,  ct  sequei 

■ago  will  in  a  ^roat  measuro  depcnd  upon  also  with  those  tender  expressions  o 

the  reading  eithcr  of  cumuiatum  or  eumula-  thc  sixth  book,  when  he  met  her  in 

tam,     Servius  reads  :  Quam  mihi  eiim  dede-  gions  below.     See  verse  450,  et  seqi 

rtJ,  eumulatam   morte  relinquam^  referring  Hortensius  reods  nuitii/alim,  and 

to  her  sistcr  Anna.     Morte  relinqiiam^  he  in  the  sense  of  a6uit<f^ //eiua/um :  ab 

takes  in  the  sensc  oftola  morte  relinquam  te,  ly,  or  fuUy  componsated,  or  requited 

Here  eumulatam  is  made  to  agree  with  the  Dido  had  besought  ^neas  to  stay 

pron.  te,    fiut  of  this  it  is  difficult  to  make  time  longrer  with  her,  till  the  weathei 

mny  sense.    Nor  will  it  be  easier,  if  we  rcfcr  be  moro  favorable  for  his  departui 

the  eumutatam  to  veniam^  as  some  commen-  ho  was  resolvcd  to  leave  her ;  and 

tators   have  done.     Heyne  reads :    ^uam  should  bring  her  mind  the  better  to 

wtihi  €um  dederit^  ciunultUam  morte  remittam.^  loss.     This  was  the  extremam  reni 

nAiring  likewise  to   Anna.      Cumulatam  last,  the  only  favor  she  asked  of  hi 

tmmUmmn  he  takes  in  the  sense  of  cumulaii  if  |[ranted  to  her,  she  would  dismias 


iENEIS      LIB.  IV.  3M 

B  orabat^  talesque  niiserriina  fletus 

refertque  doror  :  sed  nullis  ille  inovetur 

aut  voces  ullas  tractabilis  audit. 

tant ;  placidasque  viri  Deus  obstruit  aures.   440 

annoso  validam  cum  robore  quercum  441.  Ao    velut    miiii 

3res,  nunc  binc,  nunc  flatibus  illinc  Alpini  Bonm  nunc  hoio, 

iter  se  ccrtant ;  it  stridor,  et  alt^  "»"1? !!""«  «»'^"*  '»^' 

.  .  A-   -1    r       j  w  flatibus  oruoro  qii«r- 

unt  terram  concusso  stipito  frondes :  ^^^^    ^^i^^^    J„^ 

8t  scopulis :  et  quantum  vertice.ad  auras       446  roboro. 

h  tantum  radice  in  Tartara  tendit.  445.   Tendit   taniikBi 

:ii3  assiduis  hinc  atque  hinc  vocibus  heros  radice  ad  Tartara,  quaii- 

,  et  magno  persentit  pectore  curas :  ^'1"?™   ^^*^'*^    ^^^  ^ 

°       '    ,     .        *  ,  BBtnoreaa  auraa. 

mota  manet ;  lachrvmae  volvuntur  manes. 

er6  infelix  fatia  exterrita  Dido  450 

^rat :  ticdet  coeli  convexa  tueri. 

18  inceptum  peragat,  lucemque  relinquat ;  ^  ^ ,  ^  impon««i 

mcremis  cum  dona  imponeret  ans,  dona   ihuricreniis   aria, 

im  dictu !  latices  nigrescere  sacros ;  ?idit  sacros  laticeo. 

NOTES. 

hiB  departare,  fully  compensated  439.  TraelahUit :  in  the  eenae  ot  ejroro- 

1  for  the  favor  and  indulgence,  by  bilis. 

442.    Borea.     The  north  wind   ia  hero 

re  confomiB  to  the  uiual  language  called  Alpine,  froin  the  circumitance  of  the 

inted  lovert,  who  suppose   they  Alps  lying  north  of  Mantua,  and  a  grrat 

gToatcat  poaaible  favor  upon  those  part  of  Italy.     And  the  poet  would  give  ue 

by  dying   for  their  eake.      Se«  to  undemtand  that  the  north  wiiid  had  ita 

▼eraea   59  and  60.      The  most  seat    among    tlione  mountains,    and    froiii 

bjoction  to  thia  interpretation  ia,  thence   deecended  in  stomu,  and   mighty 

udea  a  declaration  of  her  death ;  blastt. 

■  not  necoteanly  imply,  that  it  445.  Tantvm  radiee.    Thii  is  said  accord- 

by  her  own    hand.      Her  grief,  jnjj  ^^  i],e  opinion  of  thoae  naturalists,  who 

d  affliction,  m  conaequence  of  hii  guppoBe  the  rooU  of  the  tree  equal  to  the 

.  bocome  maupporUble,  and  brmg  body.     Tariara:    neu.    plu.    properlv  the 

l^^**  lowest  parl  of  hell — that  place  which   tJie 

sr  all  the  ingenuity  dieplayed  by  ^^^b  a8»ign  forthe  punishment  of  oiTendcra. 

toia,  eumulatum,  perhapg,  is  to  bo  /„  Tartara :   toward  Tartarua— downward. 

•  uaual  accepUUoii.     Cumulatum  jt  ig  oppoi»ed  to  ad  athereat  aurat :  toward 

ttam:  Iwill  diamiBs  him  loaded,    beaven upward. 

ed,  with  my  death — with  the  re-         aao    r*  •    41.     ^    r  j  t 

j"? . 1 |..   .      ,,  448.  Curat:  m  the  ■enee  of  tfoiotei. 

3  conacioutnoM  of  beiug  the  cauee 

th,  by  lea?ing  me  in  this  cruel        449.  Inanes:  his  tears  are  useleiM— una 

vailing,  both  with  respect  to  himself  and  Di 

peara   the  leart  objectionable  of  do;  as  they  produced  nol  the  effcct  which 

»D  that  haa  been  propooed.     Nor  »be  desired,  and  altered  not  his  steadfaat  ra- 

oeouinly  indude  the  idea  of  sui-  solution. 

0  may  be  supposed  to   declarc,        451.  Tantet:  it  irketh  her  to  hehold  the 
fa  he  should  comply  with  her  re-  canopy  of  heavcn.     Conrextit  ncu.  pla.  of 

tarry  with  her  till  the  weather  eonvexui^  taken  as  a  substantive.   It  appei.rs, 

rorablc  for  his  departure,  yet  that  hcnce,  that  eonvexut  in  Latin,  has  a  diiTor- 

eventually  be  unable  to  supporl  ent  meaning  from  eonvex  in  English.     The 

\d  that  gnef  and  disappointment  convez  face  of  heaven  to  us  is  invisible.    Jt 

he  cause  of  her  death.  is  the  vaulted  arch,  or  canopy  alone,  which 

eoggestion,  I  acknowlcdge   my  we  can  behold — thc  eava  «r/t  eomtexitat^  at 

to    a    distinguished    classical  Dr.  Clark  explains  it.     So,  aJso :  m  eonvexo 

oor  own  country.  nemorum^  in  the  bosi>m,  or  iinder  the  iheller 

«jiime  «oror  .*    her  sister,  most  of  the  bending  groves.    And  Justm,  speak- 

earries,  and  again  carries,  such  ing  of  the  actions  ot  Xeraes,  says :  iroiiIm 

1  piteous  measages.    Preeet  eum  in  planum  dueetfat,  et  eanvexa  waiHum  «91MH 
mjn  Heyiie.  bat. 

21 


900  P-  VIRGILil  MaRONIS 

Fusaque  in  obnccenum  se  vertere  nna  cruorem. 
468.  Efikta  ett  hoc  vi-  Hoc  visum  nulli,  non  ipsi  efiata  sorori. 
MiiD  DttUi,  non  etiam       Pneterek,  fiiit  in  tectis  de  marmore  templum 

Conju<^i8  antiqiii,  miro  quod  honore  colebat, 
Vellerihus  niveis  et  festA  fronde  reTinctuin. 

460.  Hinc  vocet,  et  Hinc  exaudiri  voces  et  verba  vocantis 
verba  viri  vocantis  eam  Vjsa  viri,  nox  ciim  terras  obecura  teneiet : 

IIII!:„?/*lo^*t^!^17;t''^!r  Solaque  culminibus  ferali  carmine  bubo 
otMM*.ura  nox  teneret  ter*  ^,       ^  .         ,  >     a  ■ 

ms:  Kolaque  bubo  sepe  Saepe  quon,  et  longas  m  fletum  ducere  vooea. 
viMjL  ai  queri  ferali  car-  Multaque  prteterek  vatum  pnedicta  piorum 
miae  fuper  rulminibuB,  Terribili  iiionitu  horrific^nt.     Agit  ipee  furentem 
•^^5*'JL  f       In  somnis  ferus  JSneas :  semperque  relinqui 

•git   'eam^^Zent^m^^n  ?"^^  ?'^'^  ^'^^.  longamincomiteta  videtur 
•omiiis ;  gemperque  vi-  ^^  viam,  ct  Tynos  deser»  quKrere  terrA. 
detur  sibi  relinqui  sola,  EumeniHum  veluti  demens  videt  agmina  Pentheu* 
■emper    iiicomiuta  ire  £t  solem  geminum,  ct  duplices  se  ostendere  Thal 
kmgam  viam,  et  que-  ^yj  Agamemnonius  scenis  agitatus  Orestes, 

Armatam  facibus  matrem  et  serpentibus  atris 
Cum  fugit ;  ultricesque  sedent  in  limine  Dire. 

Ergd  ubi  concepit  furias,  evicta  dolore, 
Decrevitque  mori  ;  tempus  secum  ipsa  modumqoi 

NOTES. 

455.  Obtetrnum  eruorem.   Servius  ezplains  rum :  but  piorum  ia  the  beit.    It  ia 

^bteamum^  hy  meUi  ominity  of  bad  omen.    So  epithet  of  prophets.     Heyne  readb, 
■ajs  Hcyne.     FtnafuMa:  thc  wine  poured        459.  Eumenidum:  ascrazjPeMH 

out  upon  the  alUr,  to  tum,  &c.  bandu  of  furie»,  and  a  double  sun,  ui 

457.  Fuii  in  teclis :  thcre  was  m  the  pa-  lo  ghow  itself  double.     The  poet  I 

loce  a  marblc  chapel  of  her  formcr  husband.  parea  the   furv  of  Dido   with   thl 

Bv  templam^  some  understand  the  sepulchre  frantic  Pentheut  and  Oreste»,    PeOl 

of  SichiBiifl,  which  Dido  had  caused  to  be  i^jug  of  Thebei  in  Beotia,  aon  d 

built  in  hcr  palace,  and  which  ehe  had  con-  and  grandaon  of  Cadmua.      He  | 

■ccrated   to  his  memory.     Othors  think  it  his  subjecta  from  worahipping  Bao 

to  have  been  a  chapei^  or  shrine,  sacred  to  commandcd  that  god  to  be  put  i 

hifl  memory.      Others  ajrain  take  it  to  bc  an  foj  which  he  was  deprived  of  hii  1 

ima^e  or  statuc  pacred  to  his  nicmory.    Scr-  ihe  god.     Afler  thia,  he  went  to  i 

vius  thinks  Virgil  had  refcrenco  to  tlio  cus-  thcron,   where  the   bacchauala  • 

tom  of  thc  Romans,  of  the  bride,  when  she  brating  tlieir  orgies.     As  soon  ■■ 

cainc  to  Ihe  door  of  hcr  husband'»  house,  him,  Uicy  set  upon  him,  and  tore  fc 

which   waa    garnishcd    with    flowers    and  ccs.     See  Ovid  MeL  3.   700.     \ 

leaves,  binding  about  the  posts  woollen  fil-  Bpeaks   of   the    furieg    aa  being 

letis   and  washing   them  ovcr  with  meltcd  (^atrmina)  whereas  they  were  onl 

tallow  to  keep  out  cnchantmcnts  and  sor-  niimber.     See  Geor.  i.  278. 
cery.     Accordine  to  him,  Dido,  in  buildin?  _       „  — ,,  .     ,.       . 

thi8  tomplo  to  SichsBUx,  had  devotcd  hcrHclf  e„^'"  £'  "''"•    ^*""  '""  "  * 
tohim  forever.  hy  performin^  the  same  nup-  '^ 

tial  rites   lowards  him  as  if  he  had    boen         471.  Qrestet.     He  waii  the  soi 

living  ;  and  thereby  signified  her  resolution  mcnmon.     He  is  said  to  have  bee 

never  to  marry  again.     But  this  appears  a  ^Y  ^^^  S^^^  ^^  .*»>■  mother,  Ch 

refinemcnl.     It  is  inuch  easier  lo  consider  it  whom  he  had  slain,  and  by  the  f 

■  roference  lo  the  ^eneral  custom  of  adorn-  ^'«"^  ^o  the  oracle  of  ApoIIo,  at 

Ing  the  door-posts  of  temples  wilh  filleta  of  consult  in  the  business,  and  wai 

wool,  cspecially  on  holy-days.  ^hat  he  Iiad  been  acquitled   hy  tfa 

461.  Firi :  of  her  husband  calling  her.  ^reo/iff^ia,  at  Athens.     Wherou) 

462.  Bubo:  the  owl.  Ftrali  earmine :  m  "«^»  blocked  up  the  door,  tfo  tha 
a  inoumful  Hfrain— cry.  Soia  :  soine  copies  "o^  g^^  o"*-  He,  howcvcr,  made 
nuve  sera,  in  -eference  to  the  time  of  her  He.ice  fhe  ezpression,  sedent  /f« 
■iagtng;  which,  is  generally  laie  at  night,  "^  >"  ^^o  door.  Sce  ^n.  iii.  331. 
Vocet:  notes.  actid,  or  exhibited  on  the  alac^e. 

461.  F^orum,      Some  copics  ha  -e  prio-        474.  Coneepit:  received  or  adi 


i£N£IS;    LIB.  lY. 

0 

et,  mcBstam  dictis  aggressa  sororero, 

im  vultu  tegiti  ac  spem  fronte  serenat ; 

germana,  viam,  gratare  sorori, 

ihi  reddat  eum,  vel  eo  me  solvat  amantem.   / 

finem  juxta  Solemque  cadentem,  480 

I  i£thiopum  locus  est :  ubi  maximus  Atlas 

lumero  toiquet^  stellis  ardentibus  aptum. 

ihi  MasBylae  gentis  monstrata  sacerdos, 

idum  templi  custos,  epulasque  draconi 

ibaL,  et  sacros  servabat  in  arbore  ramos,  485     487.  lieo  promittit  m 

la  humida  mella,  soporiferumque  papaver.  poueuolvereiUatmmim, 

carminibus  promittit  solvere  mentes,  J""  ^^i;  "[.{'"'"'««^ 

,.^         .    I**     j  duru  curas  aliis 

5ht ;  aRt  aliiB  duras  unmittere  curas ;  492.  o  chara  germaiia, 

aquam  fluviis,  et  vertere  sidera  retrd :  testor  Deos  et  to,  tuum- 

KMque  ciet  Manes.     Mugire  videbis  490  que  dulce  caput,  me  m- 

libus  terram,  et  descendere  montibus  omos.  ^^^  a^cingier  ad  hat 

chara,  Deo.  et  te,  germana,  tuumque  /^-  l^^JS",  l^X 

laput,  magicas  m%tam  accmgier  artes.  gub  auras;  et  luperiiii- 

«ta  pyram  tecto  interiore  sub  auras  ponaa  arma  viri 

NOTES. 

Zxigii:  ahe  concludes— fixee  upon.  wboee  flocke  produced  wool  of  a  reddiih 

\:  in  the  senee  of  compfZtoiu.  color,  somewhat   resembling   gold,   which 

»erm4ii  apem  fnmU :  she  brig/Uent^  Hercules  plundered,  having  slain  their  keep- 

I  ap)  fupe  on  her  ecuntenanee.   She  er,  whoee  name  waa  Draeo.    The  Greek 

OD  ber  countenance.     FuUu :  vi-  word  for  aheep,  lignifying  also  applei,  made 

okiL  the  poete  feign  that  Herculea  stole  the  applea 

Effcti|»Mi.    iEthiopia  ia  properiy  a  of  the  Heiperides:  and  their  keeper^i  namo 

of  ^rica,  now  called  Abiitnnia.  being  Draee^  led  them  to  pretend  they  were 

mne  waa  froqnentlj  applied  bjr  the  kept  by  a  dragon.     See  £cl.  vi.  61. 

to  any  country  lying  in  a  warm  cli-  436.  Smtoriferum  papaver.   As  thc  dragoo 

ei4iopf  u  componnded  of  two  Greok  ^„  always  to  be  awake,  a  question  arises, 

ndmeanflapersonofaUwnycom.  how  the  priestess  came  to  feod  him  with 

-ooe  ecorched  by  the  heat  of  the  poppy.    To  solve  this  there  are  several  con- 

jectures.     Some  will  have  it  that  poppiea 

fP^  •    fitted— «domed— bespan-  „iixed  with  honey ,  was  his  food,  and  had  no 

k  ffotiilgent  stara.    See  247,  supra.  gffect  to  lay  him  asleep.     Others  say  it  wae 

lor  etehim,  ^q  procure  sleep  for  him  at  certain  intervale. 

MoMtjfim  gmHt.     The  Mattjfli  or  Serviua  thinks  that  the  poppy,  which  pro- 

i  were  a  people  between  the  nvers  cures  sleep  to  men,  has  a  contrary  effect 

iid.Arii/Me^bothofwhichfaJIinto  upon   dragons,   and    keeps    them    awake. 

itarranMO.    Hence  the  adj.  Masty-  others  again,  to  avoid  this  difficulty,  make 

eer^:  m  the  sense  of  Mgo.    Mon»  ^  fuH  gtop  after  ramot,  connecting  this  line 

was  shown  to  me.    Eti  u  nnder-  ^iij,  the  foUowing  one.     Some  again  think 

^          rr        «0-        mu  '* '"  ^"^3^  mentioned  to  show  the  skill  of  the 

^uMietiempuHenwiduM.    The  gar-  Sorceress,  that  she  was  even  able  to  Iny  the 

hm  Hetperidet,  Virgil  places  in  Mau-  wakeful  dragon  asleep.     But  as  this  ai.inial 

Mar  the  shore  of  the  AUanUc,  and  h^d  a  hundred  heads,  we  may  suppose  thal 

from  Uie  town  of  Lixut.    There  they  kept  awake  and  slept  by  tums.    She 

rever,  twious  opinions  respecUng  jg  .^a  to  be  Uie  keeper,  eutlot,  of  Uie  tem- 

BotuMk    The  Hespendes  were  Uie  pi^^  because  she  gave  food  to  Uie  dragoa, 

■nghters  of  Atlas,  or  of  Hetperut^  nnd  .upported  lum. 
ter,  and  the  nymph  Hf J|ieru.    Their 

avo  Uiem  gardena,  in  which  were  487.  Solvere  mentet :  to  free  mmds  teom 

Mladng  golden  apples.     Hercnles,  Jove  by   her  magic  rites  (earwMilm»)  or 

tninand  of  Eurystheus,  king  of  My^  charms. 

alo   Uie  apples,  havtng    slain    the  493.  Aceingier  inviiam:  that  I  wae  im» 

kat  kept  tbem.    These  apples  were  willing  to  betake  myself  to  these  magic  arta. 

I  Venns.  Aeeingier:  by  pumgoge,  fbr  aeeingu    TIm 

uih  of  the  matter  is  this :  the  JEf»-  verb  here  is  nsed  in  the  sense  of  Uie  GteaJL 

of  aoble  birth,  middle  voioe.    It  hae  %  i«^ua  m^V&eitikoia 


P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Erige  :  et  arma  viri,  thalamo  quae  fixa  leEqait 
Impius,  exuviasque  oinnes,  lectumque  jiigalem, 
Quo  perii,  supcrimponas.     Abolere  nefiindi 
Cuncta  viri  monumenta  jubet  monstratque  saeerdi 
Hsec  effata  silet :  pallor  simul  occupat  ora. 
Non  tamen  Anna  novis  pnBtexore  fimera  gacris 
601.  Nec  concipit  lan-  Germanam  credit :  nec  tantos  mente  furores 

UM  furores  eue  in  ejui  Concipit :  aut  graviora  timet,  quim  morte  Siclin 

mente ;    aut  Umet  gra-  ■« *  :  .  Jf* 

viora  quam  qua  «,L-  ^rg^  jussa  parat  ,.  .        ^        ^ 

rttn/ morte  Sichai.  Ergo      ^t  regma,  pyrA  penetrali  in  sede  sub  aum» 

parat  tjvut  juasa  erani      ErectlL  ingenti,  toKlis  atque  ilice  secti, 

604.     Ingenti     pjnt  Intenditque  locum  sertis,  et  fronde  coronat 
erecU  m  penetrali  sede  Funereft :  super  cxuvias,  ensemque  relictum, 
IU^u  mS  ''^"*  Effigiemquo  toro  locat,  haud  ignara  futuri. 

609.     Effuaa     ^uoad  Stant  arae  circum :  et  crines  effusa  sacerdoe, 
(vjiiet  Tercentum  tonat  ore  Dcos,  Erebumque,  CliaOBqa 

Tergeminamque  Hecaten,  tria  virginis  ora  DiaiMi 
Sparserat  et  latices  simulatos  fcAtis  Avemi ; 
Falcibus  et  mess»  ad  Lunam  quaenintur  aheiin 
Pubentes  herbs,  nigri  cum  lacte  veneni. 

NOTES. 

4il5.  Arma  viri,    The  aword  which  iEno-  that  definite  number  ia  iwod  fbr  bb  l| 

aa  iefl  hanging  in  Dido^s  bedchamber.  number.    Erehm.    Elrebiu  waa  ti 

498.  JuSei :  the  prieeteas  ordera  and  di-  Chaa»  and  Aex.    For  aiding  the  H 

rects  me  to  bum  nl\  the  memoriala  of  the  their  war  againet  the  goda,  he  watf< 

oursed  man.    Theae  she  had  juit  montion-  into  a  river,  and  placed  in  the  lowtl 

ed — ^liis  iword — ^hie  clothee — the  bridal  bed,  hell.   He  ia  one  of  the  infemal  godA 

icc,  He  was  the  moet  ancient  of  Uie  | 

500.  Pnttexere :  in  the  sense  of  eelare.  the  father  of  them  all,  according  ll 

504.  Penttrali  tede :  in  the  inner  court-^  Geor.  iv.  347. 

middle  of  tho  palaco.  511.  Hecaten,    Hecate  ia  calM 

505.  Tadis.     The  tada  or  teda  was  a  tree  natn  from  the  circumstanoe  of  Im 
of  a  resinous  nature,  of  which  torches  wcre  three  names.    In  heaven  ehe  bcalh 
made.  The  ilex  was  a  specics  of  oak  called  on  tho  earth  Diana ;    in   hell  A 
thc  holiii.     Of  tlicse  two  kind^  of  wood  the  Hecate  waa  not  bo  properly  hjr 
funeral  pile  was  constructcd.  an  epithet  given  her  to  denote  Mi 

506.  [ntendii:  in  the  seiise  of  eingU.  varioui  qualitios;   or  becauee  aht 
508.  Efigiem :   slie  places  his  image  on     peasod  by  a  hundred  victinu.  Froi 

tho  bed  upon  his  clotlics  and  sword.  word  «gnifjing  a  hundred.    Thi 

One  of  tlie  rites  of  niagic  was  to  prepare  waa  painted   with  three   heada, 

an  image  of  the  person  against  whom  the  horte,  another  of  a  rfdg,  and  aiK 

enchantmont  was  designcd,  eitlier  of  wax  or  man.     Hence  tria  ora  virgim»  :  i 

wool,  and  use  it  in  the  same  manner  as  they  form  of  the  virgin. 

would  have  used  the  person  himself  if  he  512.  Sparterai:  BhehadsprinU 

had  been  present.     Or,  super  may  be  taken  titious  (or  subfltituted^  waten  of 

in  the  sense  of  intuper  rmoreover;)  or  sw  Avemus.     In  performmg  magicii 

per-toeat  may  be  considered  a  compound  materials  requisite    to    the   ocei 

word  in  tlic  sense  of  ntperimponii.     The  could  not  be  convenientlj  proci 

meaning  will  then  be,  that  the  image,  the  allowed  to  be  emblematicallj  rq 

clothes,  and  sword,  were  placed  upon  the  as  in  the  preeent  case.     AvemL 

bed  without  any  reference  to  their  situation.  a  lake  in  Campania,  fabled  to  I 

510.    7\mat  ore :  sho  thunders  out  with  trance  of  hell.     Its  waten  wera 

her  voice  three  hundred  gods.     Servius  in-  nozious  quality,  which  occaaiov 

forms  us,  that  in  the  sacred  rites  of  Heeait  wholeeome  atmoephero ;  ineomai 

in  partioular,  they  used  to  imitate  thunder ;  it  waa  ehunned  by  birds  of  «vmy 

wluch  gives  a  reason  for  the  use  of  the  word  name  ia  of  Greek  origin.    Bm 

Umai,    Horttntiut  would  read  tonat.    Wo  493. 

are  not  to  suppoee  that  the  prieetess  invoked  614.   Pubeniea  herhm    foll  Vk 

ih»  pnciae  niunber  of  thn»e  hundred  gode  aal  bj  moooUght,  m  Magkl 


JSNEIS.    LIB.  IV.  ^  80© 

tf  et  iULK«nti8  equi  de  fronte  revuLsus,  516     SIS.   £t  unor   equa 

i  pnereptufl  ainor.  revuUui  clc  fronti,  uas. 

>ld  manibusque  piis,  altana  juxta,  ^^^^^  "*>^  ''  P""  "P^ 

sxuta  pedem  vinclis,  in  veste  recinctft,  517.  Dido  ipsa  mori- 

r  moritura  Deos,  et  conscia  fiiti  tura,  ezuta  quoud  unuin 

tum,  8i  quod  non  aequo  fwdere  amantes  620  pf  <i©»n   Tinclu,   in    ro- 

umen  babet  justumque  memorque,  precatur  ^^^  veite,  jiofM  Ju»u 

^  ^.    \     'Zi  u     *  r  altaria,     mol&     piiiique 

erat,  et  placidum  carpebant  fessa  soporem  manibus,  letutur  Deom 

a  per  terras,  sylvieque  et  sieva  qui^rant  et  sidera  conscia  fati. 

i  :  cikm  medio  volvuntur  sidera  lapsu  ;  Tum  precatur  numen, 

cet  omnis  ager,  pecudes,  pictaeque  voluci-es,    626  "  *l"°^  juaiumque  me- 

e  lacus  late  bquidos,  queque  aspera  dumis  ?^T*  *rT**" 

^     •.      ^t^   ^    .      -1  n«n«/of  non  »quo  lojaere 

inent,  somno  positae  sub  nocte  silenti  ''cure  nbi. 

it  curas,  et  corda  oblita  laborum.  626.  Qusque  lat^  te- 

infelix  animi  Phcenissa  :  neque  unquam  nentliquidos  lacus,  quaB- 

p  in  somnos,  oculisve  aut  pectore  noctem  630  5^®  teiieru  rura  aspera 

V           •        X  dumis.  omnes  positflB  sub 

.     Ingemmant  cune,  rureusque  resurgens  «ienti\iocte  lenibant  cu. 

mor,  magnoque  irarum  fluctuat  ©stu. .  /^  ^m  eomno ;  et  corda  ob- 

de6  insistit,  secumque  ita  corde  volutav:  ^  liu  juni  iabomm. 
lid  ago  ?  rursusne  procos  irrisa  priores 

NOTES. 

iich  were  thou^ht  to  distil  from  the  it  as  a  description  of  night  in  soneral ;  but 

»on  herba,  wore  reckoned  favorable  onljr  of  a  calm  and  serene  one,  m  order  that 

ic     Those  herbs,  however,  were  to  he  might  set  oiT  to  greater  advantage  the 

rith  Drazen  sickles,  ahenit  fakilnu.  opposite  image  of  Dido^s  aiixiety  and  dis- 

B  tiie  sense  of  nicco.  quictude.     And  indeed  nothing  could  give 

^  mmor  remUnu:  and  the  love  (of  usamorelively  ideaofherrestlosssituation, 

i)  toni  fVom  the  forehead  of  a  newly  than  thus  to  set  it  forth  in  opposition  U»  the 

Nt.     The  poet  here  means  what  is  universal  quiet  and  rcpose  which  reigned 

w  hmamaneM  ;  of  which  there  are  over  all  nature  besido.     She  is  so  far  froro 

ib.     See  Geor.  iii.  280.  et  nquent.  parUking  of  the  blessings  of  slccp  with  tlie 

here  meant  is  very  difierent  from  rest  of  the  world,  that  the  silcnce  and  soli- 

there  described.     According  to  the  tude  of  the  night,  which  dispose  othcrs  to 

giren  of  it  bv  the  ancienU,  it  was  resi,  only  foed  hcr  care,  and  swell  the  tumuit 

M  flash  growing  on  the  forehead  of  of  her  passion. 

jwt  brought  forth,  which  the  more  524.  Lapsu:  in  the  sense  of  rurni. 

r  deroors,  or  else  she  loses  all  af-  527.  Tenent :  in  the  sense  of  ineolunt. 

nr  har  yoong,  and  denies  it  suck.  528.  Lenibant  euras^  &c.     This  beautiful 

I  ao  greedily  sought  after  by  tho  line   Heyne   marks  as  spurious,  and  con- 

■  the  reason  of  iU  being  called  her  cludes  tne  sentence  at  tilenii.      It  is  not 

Mciicumstanee  just  mentionod  gave  found  in  some  ancient  MSS. 

ie  ▼vlgar  opinion  of  iU  efficacy  in  529.    Phaniisa.     Dido  b  so  called,  be- 

love  potkms,  and  magic  rites.  cause  she  was  a  native  of  Phanieia^  a  coun- 

EmUanedem.    It appears  from  this  try  lying  on  the  eastern  shore  of  tho  Modi- 

thmt  LNdo  put  herself  in  the  habit  terranean ;  within  the  boundarics  of  which 

aerasi.    According  to  Ovid,  it  was  was  the  kingdom   of  Tyro.      The  words 

rtom  to  strip  bare  one  of  their  feet,  leniehat  curat  are  to  be  supplicd. 

e  dad  tn  a  loose  flowing  robe.    Ru-  530.  J^oetem :  in  the  senso  ofquieiem. 

M  reeituia^  in  the  sonse  of  ttteeineta ;  532.  Jrarum :  passions — afl^ections.    .^mor 

de  he  differs  firom  most  commenU-  tavii.     Here  love  is  representcd  as  a  mighty 

[ejne  takes  it  in  the  sense  oftoluta.  sea,  which  had  becn  for  some  time  calin  and 

Ven  mquo fmiere  :  by  this  we  are  to  still ;  but  now  begins  to  rise  in  furious  waves, 

tad  «1  vu^uaiiijf  in  the  love  and  af-  and  rack  her  soul  with  a  varietv  oi  tumul- 

if  the  pertiee— 4n  an  unequal  match:  tuous  passions.      Voluiai :  in  the  senso  of 

rvo  ie  Dot  reciprocated.  eogitai. 

Wbar  erai.     The  whole  of  this  de-  534.  Rurtut-ne  irrita^  kc.    Rueus  and 

I   is   a  most  beautiful^  and,  at  the  Servius  Uke  rurtut  in  the  sense  of  rtrtMtm.* 

B0,  perfect  image  of  nature.     Dr.  ehall  I  in  tum  have,  iic.    Dido  had  rejected 

Ijeete  to  it  as  imperfecf.    But  it  is  the  match  of  larbas  and  others;  and  «h%li 

~  thei  the  poet  did  not  design  she  now  pay  coarl  to  th«ifi|  m  Uv<c^  \\%^ 


f 


310  P-  VIRGILli  MARONIS 

Ezperiar  ?  Nomadumque  petam  connubia  inpflai 
Quos  ego  sum  totiee  jam  dedigiiata  mtrhof  ? 
lliacas  igitur  classes,  atque  ultuna  TeucrQm 
638.  Quiane  juvat  wte  Jussa  scquar  ?  quiane  auzilio  jurat  antd  levatM, 
fot  antd  lovatos  fuitse  £t  bcne  apud  memorefl  veteris  stat  gratia  fiieti ! 
meo  auzilio ;   et  gratia  Qyjg  j^^  autem,  fac  velle,  flinet  ?  ratibmque  raperi 
veteri«facti«utapud««  jj^^jg^^  accipiet?  nescis  heu,  perdita,  necdum 

540.  Autcin   fao  me  LaomedonteBB  sentis  peijuna  gentia  f 

rello  sequi  eoM^  quis         Quid  tum  ?  sola  fug&  nautas  comitabor  ovantes? 

543.  Quid  tum  agen^  An  Tyriis,  omiiique  manu  stipata  meorum, 

dum  ett/    ego-ne   sola  jnsequar  ?  et  quos  Sidonift  vix  urbe  revelli, 
fti^  eomiUbor  j^  j  ^^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^1^  j^^l^  f 

544.  AnstipataTyniB,  ^^   .  »        '^,    *    •.  r  .-*_  j^i^ 
oinniquo  inaiiu  meorum  Q"»"  morere,  ut  menla  es,  ferroque  averte  dok» 

eivium  insequar  eot         Tu  lachr}'mis  evicta  meis,  tu  prima  furentem 

llis,  germana,  malis  oneras,  atque  objicis  hostL 
Nbn  licuit  thalami  expertem  sind  crimine  vitam 
cco    F!*i«-   «r^mi—  Degere  more  fera;,  tales  nec  tangere  curaa  ? 

552.    rides    promiraa  ^^  ^  ^     c  i        •  • T  a:.u..^ 

Sichso  cineri  non  wr.  ^«"  servata  fides  cinen  promwaa  »ictaco. 

vata  esL  Tantos  illa  suo  rumpebat  pectore  questus. 

556.   Forma  Doi  re-  jEneas  celsi  in  puppi,  jam  certus  eundi, 
deuntia  oodom  vultu  ob-  Carpebat  somnos,  rebus  jam  ritd  paratis. 
t^ia«r«  Jii"  i!I«TTa  H"i<^  se  f«"na  Dei,  vultu  redeuntis  eodem, 

viaaque  esl    runuB    ita  -. ,      ...  .      '  .^       .  _. 

monere     eum :    limilis  Obtuht  in  somnis,  rursusque  ita  visa  monere  eit ; 

Mercurio  quoad  omnia,  Omnia  Mercurio  simiiis,  vocemque,  coloremqne, 

NOTES. 

formerly  done  to  her.'     Irrita:  mocked—  546.  Rurtut  agetm :  •hall  I  agai 

despised.     Rucug  say s,  eonlemnenda,  on  the  sea,  thoee  wbom  with  difficul 

5*36.   Dedignata  tum :  disdained  af  hus-  froin  the  Sidonian  citj .'    Sidonit 

bandR.  from  Sidon^  which    formed   a  pi 

537.  Ullima  :  Iho  lowest — bascat.  kingdom  of  Tyre :  here  in  the  tei 

538.  ^uia-ne  jurat :  bccause  it  delighted  ria.    Rcvclli:  Ihis  exprenes  the  di 
me  formorly,  thal  they  Hhould  be  relieved  by  her  former  onterpriae. 

my  asflistaiice;    and   the  gratcful    remem-  ^48.  7%  Germana^  evieta:  thof 

branco  of  my   former   dced   remains    with  overconie  by  my  tear»,  thou  firrt, 

them,  duly  mindful  ofit?  Dido  hcre  speaks  j-entem:  in   the  seiise  of  amanM 

ironically.    Some  copies  have  exilio,  in  allu-  j^g,g  alludos  to  the  speecb  of  her  ■! 

■ion  to  thc  friendly  retreat  which  Dido  gave  ^^^  32.  supra,  and  following.    A 

to  ^neas  and  his  followors :  but  auxilio  is  jjqj  ^^j^r  iq  gge  her  pine  away  in 

the  most  approvod  reading.  widowhood,  and    therefore  diHii 

541.  [jivisam:  hated— an  object  of  their  fjon,  jt,  and  encouraged  a  love  foi 
aversion.     Some  copies  have  irrUam.    Thi.  ^^^  ^^ -^  .   ^^  j^  ^^^  • 

IB  the  reading  of  Ruffiu..     Heyne  read»,  «n-  «-ithout blame,  to  lead  aUfe  frt 

vuam.  and  asHurcs  us  it  is  the  best.  '  .  .  ^  .   m^^     a^^^  «^«:-^  k. 

642.  Xecdum  «ntu,  &c.    Hcre  Dido  al-  "'"  f!-^*"*' *,1fo  hri^rSS.ri 

ludcs  to  the  wcll  known  story  of  Laomedon,  ""*  •"  "'"u*  j      11..4  *k«  ?4if5:- 

who  dofraudcd  the  gods,  Ncptune  and  Apol-  ™""'S»  .''•^-    f  ."*  *^?  "'^"  •* 

lo,  of  their  hiro  for  building  tl,e  walirof  '^Vil"^Mr  h J^!fl?^n»l,  .. 

Troy.     Scc  Geor.  i.  502.    LSomedonlea.u,  ^^^^^ut^l^^^J^T.A^. 

«Ij.  in  the  .en«,  of  Trojana.  '  ""8'«  J^»  L/.t  rTT^S  tl 

i.o  i-k       j       •    Ai.                ci  M     M          1  of  a  Kavairo  beaat,  Bhe  in  tact  coB 

54.^.  Or«n<«:  m  thc  .ense  of  tetoni«,  vel  ^  i„,i„Sate.  that  marriaKe  b 

Irtumphanle..     It ..  appl.cable  to  manner.  -      ^            j  dirtin|rtt^he. 

m  gencra  ,  wno  u.ually  .«t  out  w.th  accl.-  P       ^        ^^  ''  ,  ^^     ^^ 
mations  ot  joy:   but  hnre  it  is  to  be  con- 

■Idered  in  that  particular,  in   which  Dido  551.  Tangere:  to  know,  or  exp 

riewed  them  as  triumphing  over  her  in  their  558.  Similit  Merewrio  omnia : 

departure.     Inteauar.  Some  copies  have  tn-  cury  in  all  things.     All  the  con 

ferar.    Thia  is  tiie  roading  of  Heyne,  and  make  this  god  to  be  Mercury  bima 

Valpy  aller  him.  Catrou.     He  thinks  it  to  be  some  < 

544.  fitipata:  in  the  ■enae  of  comiiaieu  wbo  iMumed  the  likeneM  of  Men 


M^EIS.    LIB.  IV.  ail 

fkTos,  et  meinbra  deoora  juventtt : 

,  potes  hoc  8ub  casu  ducere  somnoM  ?  560 

circumsteut  te  deinde  pericula,  cernis  ? 

nec  Zephyroe  audis  spirare  secundoM  ? 

dirumque  nefiis  in  pectore  versa^  569.  IIIa  Dido  eerte 

ri,  varioque  irarum  fiuctuat  <C8tu.  mori  rwmi  dolos 

I  hinc  protcepe,  dum  pnecipitare  potostaa  ?    565 

}  turbiiri  trabibus,  saBvasque  vidcbis  666.    Dum    pottstafc 

faces  ;  jam  fervere  litora  flammis  ;  ^  ii^  prscipitam 

ittigerit  terris  Aurora  morantem. 
rum|>e  moras :  varium  et  muUibile  semper 

Sic  fiitus  nocti  se  immiscuit  atrae.  570 

3rd  ^neas,  subitis  exterritus  uinbris, 
\  somno  corpus,  sociosque  fatigat : 
s  vigilate,  viri,  et  considite  transtris : 
tla  citi.     Deus  aethere  missus  ab  alto, 

fugam,  tortosque  incidere  funes,  575 

jm  stimulat. .  Sequimur  te,  sancte  Deorum,  576.  Ecee  D«os  mim 

es,  imperioqiie  iterum  paremus  ovantes.  ■«*  »h  alto  «there  Ha- 

placidusque  iuves,  et  sidera  cwlo  "^™  jtiimilat  me  ferti- 

ras  !    Dixit :  vaginAque  eripit  ensem  l^.  C  ^'''^'^ 

m,  strictoque  ferit  retinacula  ferro.  580 

les  simul  ardor  habet :  rapiuntque,  ruuntque  * 

seruere  :  latet  sub  classibus  aequor. 

rquent  spumas^  et  cosrula  verrunt.  683.  Comla  wuunm 

prima  novo  spargebat  lumine  terraa 
roceum  linquens  Aurora  cubile :  585 

NOTES. 

>  hoe  coiu :  hk  thUi  juneture  or  gods,  whoerer  thou  art,  ftc.    Thii  mode  ol 

(kin.  ezpreHion  if  in  imitation  of  the  Greekf. 
inde:  thie  appean  to  be  in  this        578.  O  adsis:  O  may  thou  be  propitiotu. 
ily  ejcpUtwe.  Fidetur  oHonm  eM»e^        679.  Dtxtra  ndera:  favorable,  or  propi- 

».  tioufl  ttars  in  the  heavene.     Feras :  giTe — 

tat :  in  the  eense  of  meditatur.  grant. 

r6art  iralnbut ;  to  be  in  commo-        580.  Ferit :  in  the  eense  of  teeat.    FSd' 

lips.     Hejne  oo.jo^impleri  navi"  mineum:  shining,  glittehng.     Rueua  ■aya, 

finiennum:  and  Rueus,  agitari  co^aeanlem. 

582.  Deteruere  litorm.   Thif  changeof  tho 

rcere  :  to  glitter — to  shine  with  tenee  adds  much  to  the  deecription.    Thej 

he  meaning  is,  that  as  toon  as  hale  nfft  and  htury  away;  and  no  sooner 

g  ahall  retum,  Dido  will  puraue  have  they  done  thia,  than  thej  have  l^  Ihe 

ler  ahips,  with  torchee  and  with  ehore^  and  are  completely  out  to  sea. 
ou  must  weigh  anchor  and  be        585.  Et  jam  Aurora:  and  now  Aurora, 

leaving  the  saffiron  bed   of  Tithonus,  firsC 

wdna :  a  woman  is  something  al-  spreads  the  earth  over  with  early  light.    Ti« 

ble,  and  subject  to  change.    This  thonus  was  either  the  son  or  brother  of  La* 

lar  construction.     Mercury  here  omedon,  king  of  Troy.    On  account  of  hie 

iiat  hatred  mavsucceed  to  Dido^s  beautv  and  gracefuhness,  Aurora  fell  in  lovu 

im ;  which  might  induce  ber  to  with  him,  and  endued  him  with  immortality ; 

|e.     Umbri» :  apparition.  but  not  thinking  to  bestow  on  him  perpetual 

igat :  arouses  his  companions.  youth  and  beauty,  he  grew  so  weak  and  ex« 

fiiate:    wake   quick-^in    haste.  hausted  by  old  age,  that  he  wishod  for  mor- 

the  seats  or  benches  on  which  the  tality.    But  the  goddess  nut  being  able  to 

restore  it  to  him,  in  pity  to  his  case,  uianged 

totfimes :  the  ropes,  or  cables,  by  him  into  a  grasshopper.     See  Geor.  iii«  48. 

ihipo  were  moored.     Dr.  Bentley  This  is  a  most  beautifiil  circumlocution  to 

anehora  are  intended ;  but  how  denote  the  early  dawn,  whon  the  earth  be- 

m  applied  to  them,  I  see  not.  comes  first  enlightened  by  vkk«  Vmi«a  oS  >^ 

ide  Dmnm:  O  holy  ono  of  tbo  muL 


812  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Regina  d  speculis,  ut  primtiin  albeacere  lucem 
Vidit,  et  Kquatis  ciassem  procedere  velis ; 
Litoraque  et  vacuos  sensit  sin^  remige  portus : 
689.  PercuMa  quoad  Terque  quaterque  manu  pectus  percussa  deconiDi, 
daooroin  pectus  manu,  Flaventesque  abscissa  comas :  Proh  Jupiter !  ibit 
•biciMaque  quoad  fbt.  jjj^.^  j^j^^  ^^  „^^5^^^  illuwrit  advena  regnis  ? 
v«atee  comas,  ait :  rroh  ^^^  ^^^^  expedient,  totAque  ex  urbe  sequentur  ? 

693.  Von-fi€  alli  diri-  Diripientque  rates  alii  navalibus  ?  ite, 
f^^  Ferte  citi  flammas,  date  vela,  impellite  remos. 

Quid  loquor  ?  aut  ubi  sum  ?  quoe  mentem  insania  a 
Infelix  Dido  !  nunc  te  facta  impia  tangunt. 
597.  Decuit  le    tum  Tum  decuit,  cfiim  sceptra  dabas.     En  dextra,  fidew; 
^(^re  d^e  kU,  cAm  da-  q^^^^  secum  patrios  aiunt  portare  Penates ! 
himi^  "^EiT'  iexu^  Quem  subiisse  humeris  confectum  aetate  parenteml 
fidesque    iUiut^     quem  Non  potui  abreptum  divellere  corpus,  et  undis 
aiunt  Spargere  ?  non  socios,  non  ipsum  absumere  ferro 

601.  Non  potui  absu-  Ascanium,  patriisque  epulandum  apponere  mensia ' 
mere  socios,  non  potui  Verum  anceps  pugn»  fuerat  fortuna  :  fuisset. 

•um  ferro,  apponereque  0"«"™  'n®^"'  montura  ?  feces  m  castra  tulissem  • 
fum^  Implessemque  foros  flammis :  natumque  patremqur 

606.  Ego  ipia  dedie-  Cum  genere  extinx^m :  memet  8U|)er  ipsa  dedisM 
eem  memet  tuper  eot,      gol,  qui  terrarum  flammis  opera  omnia  lustras ; 

^    Tuque,  harum  interpres  curarum  et  conscia,  Juiio 
Nocturnisque,  Hecate,  triviis  ululata  per  urbea, 

NOTES. 

SB7.  Vdi»  ffquaiis :  the  sails  were  equal-  of  her  sister  PhilomeU,  served  ap 

ly  distended  on  each  side  of  the  mast.    This  Itys  for  him  at  a  banquet.     See  EcL 

shows  that  the  wind  blew  fair,  and  directly  603.  Foriuna :  in  the  sense  of  em 

afU:r  thcm  :    in  nauticai  phrase,  wing  and  604.  Moriiura :  in  the  sense  of  • 

wing.  ereverim  morL     Cattra:    iu  the  m 

593.  Diripient  alii :  will  not  othors  tear  elatteni, 

mv  ships  from  the  docks,  and  go  in  pursuit  605.  Forot :  the  decks  or  hatch« 

ofhimf  ships.     JEx/tnx^:  by  syn.  for  exltii 

596.  J^une  impia  faeta.     Mr.   Davidson  in  the  sense  of  inteifetittenu 

observes  that  this   is    tho   roading  of   the  607.  Sol,     Dido  invokes  the  sui 

Cambridge  edition,  founded  on  the  autho-  because  he  is  the  suppoKcr  of  life  i 

rity  of    Probus  and  the  Codex  Medieeut ;  ral,  or  because,  surveying  all  thiD 

and  it  makes  the  sense  obvious.     By  impia  below,  could  be  a  w^itness  of  her  ' 

faeia^  we  aro  to  understand  the  violation  of  Juno,  because  she  was  the  goddess 

her  faith  to  Sicheus,  and  her  amours  with  riage ;   and   Hecate,  because   she 

JEneas;   by  which  she  brought  on  herself  over  magic  rites ;  the  Furies,  becai 

infkmy  and  disgrace.     Now  she   feels  the  were  the  avengers  of  wrongs.     F 

welght  of  those  actions,  and   the  puuish-  in  tho  sense  of  tuce. 

ment  due  to  her  deeds.     Ruaeus  and  others,  608.  Interpret :  interpreter  of  tl 

who  read  feUa^  take  impia  in  tho  sense  of  cares     (sorrows)     and    conscious 

erudelia,    Jfune  uliima  fata^  dura  tort^  tU"  wrongrs.     Servius  takcs  inlerpre»  \ 

prema  diet  inttant  tibi^  says  Ruasus.    Heyne  witness,  judge,  or  arbitross.     Ruw 

and  Davidson  read  faeta,  prets  eurarum  by  nuptialium  TUgoti 

599.  Subiitte :  to  have  carried,  or  bome  609.  Heeate  uiulata :  Hecate  invi 
upon  his  shoulders.  called   upon,  &c.      When    Pluto  1 

600.  Divellere,  There  is  here  an  allusion  Proserpine,  or  Hecate,  her  mothi 
to  the  manner  in  which  the  Bacchanals  traversed  the  earth  in  search  of  I 
tore  the  bodies  of  Orpheus  and  Pentheus  in  lighted  torches,  stopping  at  thoM 
pieces.  where  two  or  tliree  ways  met^  to  in' 

60^  Apponere :  served  him  up  to  be  feast-  namc,  which  she  did  witli  a  doieful 

•d  upon  at  his  father^s  table      Reference  ia  Hence  it  became  a  custom  In   tm 

here  had  to  the  siory  of  Progne,  who,  to  be  rites,  for  the  matrons,  on  certain  da; 

mviMi/feduponTereu8,forhiierueltxeatinfiat  about  the  etreeta  oad  cnMswiiys  i 


iENEIS.    UB.  lY.  81« 

e  ulthces,  et  D\  morientis  Eliss,  6J0 

e  haec,  meritumque  malis  advertite  nimien, 

ras  audite  preces.     Si  tangere  portus  612.   8i    nsceMo  wi 

im  caput,  ac  terris  adnare  necesse  est ;  infandum  caput  tasgere 

ktsL  Jovis  poscunt :  liic  terminus  hairet :  portus,  ac 

0  audacis  populi  vexatus  et  armis,  615      615.  At  Texatua  boUo 

1  extorris,  complexu  avulsus  luli,  o^  amus  audacii  popnJi 

im  imploret,  videatque  indigna  suorum  ^*^*!'"*     '"^    r^^^ 

^     «    ^  t%  ^  .    .   .  avulHUB  coniplezu  laU 

:  nec,  cum  se  sub  leges  pacis  miquae 

srit,  regno  aut  optatA  luce  fruatur ; 

lat  ante  diem,  medi&que  inhumatus  areni.        620 

>recor:    hanc   vocem    extremam    cum  sanguine 

fundo. 

[>8,  6  Tyrii,  stirpem  et  genus  omne  futurum 

te  odiis  :  cinerique  ha;c  mittite  nostro 

L :  nullus  amor  populis,  nec  fcedera  sunto.  624.  Etio  nulliia  amor 

■€  aliquis  nostris  ex  ossibus  ultor  ;  625  ^**  populis,  nec  miiito 

e  Dardanios  ferro<]ue  scquare  colonos, 

>lira  quocunque  dabunt  se  te.npore  vi««.  confraria  Ebu.,  «T 

litonbiis  contraria,  fluctlbus  undas  daa  eorUrarias  nucUbuo, 

or,  arma  armis  :  pugnent  ipsique  nepotes.  arma  coniraria  anniii 

NOTES. 

shriekff  and  howlings.    JVoelumu  this  treaty,  iu  a  war  with  the  Tuscans,    o 

The  epithet  noctumit  is  used,  be-  was  himself  slain  (ut  plerimte  tradunQ  bjf 

e  rites  of  flecate  were  celebrated  Mexentius  their  king,  on  tne  banks  or  tlio 

ight,  and  in  a  place  where   three  river  Numicus,  where  his  body  was  lef\  ud» 

t.     See  511,  supra.  buried,  and  finalljr  carried  off  by  its  waters, 

idrertiie :  turn  a  due  regard  to  my  and  never  more  seen.      Tho   Romans  aud 

nes.     Ruaeus  and  others  understand  Carthaginians  were  bitter  enemies  tu  each 

■,  the  wickcKi,  to  wit,  the  Trojans.  oUier :  no  league,  no  religious  obligaUons, 

seems  not  to  agree  with  the  tenor  could  biiid  them  in  peace ;  and  afier  Han* 

ibjoct.     RuflBus  says  :  applieate  ntc-  nibal  arose,  he  proved  himself  Dido^s  aven- 

ium  a  teeieralii  hue.    Heyne,  on  the  ger.     He  entered  Italy  with  fire  and  sword; 

od,  says:  advertite  ve*lrum  numen  the    Roman  armies  fled  before  him;    and 

*0ie9tatem)  eontra  improbos  et  impios  Rome  itself  was  providenUally  savcd  from 

Davidson   rendeni  the   words  :  his  conquering  arms. 

r  divine  regard  to  my  wrongs.  617.  Indigna:  cruel — undeserved. 

^apui :  properly,  the  hcad  ;  by  sy-  620.  Cadai  anie  diem :  let  him  fall  baibffO 

whole  body — here,  iEneas.  his  Ume — let  him  die  an  unUnicly  death. 

feerei :  in  the  sense  of  fiitu  sii.  621.  yoeem :  in  the  sense  of  verlfa. 

f/  i>ello  rexaius.    It  was  a  prevailing  ggS.  MUiUe  hae:  present  Uiose  ofrorinfie 

imong  Uie  ancients,  that  the  pray-  to  my  ashes.     This  is  said  in  allusion  lo  Uio 

e  dymg  were  generally  heard,  and  .acrifices   Uiat  were  ofTered   lo  Uie  dead« 

it  words  propheUc.      Thus  Virgil  They  were  usually  poured  upon  Uie  tomb, 

»ido  imprecatc  upon  iEneas  a  series  ^d    consisted   of  milk,  wuie,  and  blood. 

rtunes,  which   actually   had    Uieir  Exereeie :  \n  the  wenwe  of  persequimini. 

shment   m  his  own  person,  or  in  ^«r    r*       •          t-     -      n            :      ^    - 

^»-      AA—  k;.  .i»;...!  :..  f*-i«   k^  625.  Exonare  aiiauu  uiior:   arise  soiiie 

nty.     Alter  his  amval  in  Italy,  ne  ^                 /             nn.  •                 u 

■f .  • ...  »,              ^'  I .  avenger  from  my   bones.      This   ir   much 

iged  in  a  war  with  Tumus,  a  bold     _      *  r     «ui  j      u  _  _  r.  n     .u 

TE :„         o    .        •        r        4U  more    forcible,  and    shows  more  fully  the 

jke  priDce.     He  was  torn  from  the  .  .      ^  u         •  j  «u        r    u     u    i        j  .1 

/.  A                j       's.                     1  state  of  her  mmd,  than  if  shc  had  UK«*d  tuo 

of  his  son,  and  as  it  were  an  exile,  .t  •   .                     ah     ■        •     u              1     . 

»  go  to  Etruria,  to  implore  U.e  as-     |J^^^    P*l"«"-   J^""'***", "  '"^'^  ""'t     ,^ 
rfEvander.    80^  iEn.  viii.  80,    He     H ^nn. bal.     />arrfanto,  .o/ono,  :simply,th6 

Hends  slain,  and  lie  dead  before  his  T^^J*^"»-   J]r^'"'"'  *"  J^^i*  ^'^'"  ^^'"^'^ 

is  said  ho  submitted  lo  the  terms  "^'  ^"«  ^^  ^*  ^^""^**^"  ^^  ^~J^- 
dvanUgeous  peace  with  king  La-         ^^-  O'"»*-     This  word  signifies  tho   m- 

long  which  it  was  sUpulated  that  ^"«i  "  '^c"  »■  ^e  past  Ume :  now,  her^ 

|ons   should  abandon  their  naUve  ^^^  whenever  power  shall  present  ilKclf. 
,  dfop  their  appellation,  and  adopt        628.  Coniraria :  in  x\xv  oeiufe  of  Ao«<i^io 

M  Latina.    In  tho  third  yeor  oAor  foJ  vnfeiUu 


814  P.  YIUGILII  MARONIS 

Hec  ait :  et  partes  animuin  yenaba*.  in  onnM, 
Invujam  quaerens  quiira  primilun  abrumpere  lueeni 
«38.  Affata  eti  Barcen  Tum  breviter  Barccn  nutricem  afiata  Sichei, 

Namque  suam  patri&  anf  iqu4  cinis  ater  habebat : 

034.  O  ch&ra  nutrix,  Annam,  chara,  mihi,  nutrix,  huc  siste.  sororem : 
■sttt    aororoin    Annam  Di^  corpus  properet  fluviali  spai^ere  lymphA, 
^  mi    :    ic  ti/  prope*  ^^  pecudes  secum  et  monstrata  piacula  ducaU  -^ 

Sic  veniat :  tuque  ipsa  pi4  tege  tempora  vittA. 
Sacra  Jovi  Stygio  que  rite  incepta  pArari, 
G39.  Animas  est  mihi  Perficere  est  animus,  finemque  imponere  curis ; 
perficere  sacra  rit^  in-  Dardaniique  rogum  capitis  permittere  flammc 
cepta,  que  paravi  Sty-  sic  ait.     Illa  gradum  studio  celerabat  anili. 
gio  Jovi,  unponeroque        ^^  trepida,  et  coeptis  immanibus  effera  Dido, 

Sanguineam  volvena  aciem,  maculisque  trementei 
644.  Interfusa  quoad  Interfusa  genas,  et  pallida  morte  futuHL, 
trementee  genas  macu-  Interiora  domOs  irrumpit  liniina,  et  altos 
Ui,  et  paUida  Conscendit  furibunda  rogos,  ensemque  recludit 

Dardanium,  non  hos  qua^itum  munus  in  usus. 
Hic  postquam  Iliacas  vestes  notumque  cubile 
Conspexit,  paulum  lachrymis  et  mente  morata, 
Incubuitque  toro,  dixitque  novissima  verba : 
Dulces  exuviae,  dum  fata  Deusciue  sinebant, 
Accipite  hanc  animam,  meque  his  exsolvite  curia. 
Vixi,  et,  quem  dederat  cursum  fortuna,  peregi ; 
Et  nunc  magna  mei  sub  tenns  ibit  imago. 

NOTES. 

035.  SpargtrtflvanalilympM:  togprinkle  ing,  it  was  called  jryrs;  and  after  I 
her  body  with  river  water.  It  was  a  custom  consumed,  huMtum  :  all  of  which  are  A 
of  tlie  Grecke  and  Romans  to  wash  their    from  the  Greek. 

bodies  bcfore  they  performed  sacrifice.    See  647.  Muntu  rwn  qwBsilum  :  a  preH 

£n.  ii.  719.     But  this  was  only  obMervcd  in  designed,  or  gotten  for  such  a  utc — ftr 

regard  to  the  superior  gods.  They  sprinklcd  the  instrument  of  her  death.      FroM 

tlicmselves  only,  when  they  were  tu  oiTor  sa-  some  infer  that  iEneas  had  made  Dfel 

crifico  to  the  infemal  gods,  as  in  the  prescnt  present  of   a    Trojan    sword — Dari^ 

case.  ensem.    But  it  is  more  probable  that  fi 

636.  Pecudes :   in  the  sense  of  victimas,  prescnt  from  Dido  to  ^neas ;  and  f 

Monstrata:  in  the  sense  of  jussa^  vel  desig'  his  hurry  to  be  gone,  he  had  left  II 

nata,  some    other    things,    in    her  bedekl 

638.  Stj/gio  Jovi :    Pluto.      He  wae   the  Queesitum.      Ruieus    says,    eotnpart^ 

brothor  of  Jupiter,  and  in  the  division  of  the  Heyne,  paratwn,  acceptum^  datum.      . 

world,  the  infemal  rogions  fell  to  him  by  loU  652.  Cum :  troubles — sorrows.       , 

The  cpithet  Sti/gius  is  added,  from  Stj/x^  a  654.  Et  nune :  and  now  my  ghost  fl 

wcll  known  fabulous  rivcr  of  hell.  shall  dcscend  illustrious  to  tlie  ebtm 

640.  Permittere :  to  commit  the  funeral  low.  Mei :  in  tho  sonse  of  mea^  §M 
pile  of  the  Trojan  (^neas)  to  tho  ilames.  with  imago,  ■ 
Capitis :  by  synec.  for  tlio  body,  or  whole  Tumebus  thinks  the  epithet  s^i 
man — hcre,  the  Trojan,  to  wit,  JBneas.  used,  because  ghosts  make  tlieir  appi| 

641.  Studio:  zeal — ofiiciousneBS.  at  night^  when  to  tlie  alfrighted  imi 

642.  Immanibus:  awful — horrid.  mfcra:  of  the  spectators,  the  object  app 
in  thc  sense  of  efferata.  than  life.     But  this  is  a  very  siii 

644.  Interfusa :  spotted — streaked.  nion.     Dido  is  speaking  in  the  h 

645.  Irrumpit:  she  rushed  into  tho  inner  majesty,  and  setting   forth    her 
apartmcnt  of^  the  paiace.      It  is  plain  that  deeids.      She  had    built   a  flourii 
Umcn  siffnifies  any  part  of   the   house,  as  and  laid  the  foundation  of  a  pow 
weli  as  the  threshold.     The  funeral  pilo  was  dom — she  had  punished  her  brothi 
drected  m  penetrali  side^  in  the  inner  apart-  death  of  her  husband — she  had 
menU     Soe  504,  supra.  glory — in  a  word,  she  had  been 

646.  Rogos.    The  funeral  pile  was  called  evory  instance,  Ull  the  Trojaii  fleat. 
tiJg^  before  it  wa«  tet  on  firo;  whila  bum-  her  ooaft.   In  thls  lituatioii 


■* 


i 


\  JSNEIS.    LIB.  IT 

BBfcfceni  pnBeknnn  atatm :  mea  moenia  vidi ;  656 

nDlte.  Turmn,  poenas  inimico  k  firatre  recepi : 
VWlu,  heu  nimi&m  felix !  si  litora  tantum 
Nunquam  Dardaniae  tetigissent  nostra  carinsB. 
*^*    It:  et,  os  impressa  toro,  moriemur  inultsl 

moriamur,  ait :  sic,  sic  juvat  ire  sub  umbras.       660 
Luriat  hunc  oculis  ignem  crudelis  ab  alto 
Ilftu^nus,  et  nostras  secum  ferat  omina  mortis 
I^ixerat :  atque  illam  media  inter  talia  ferro 
CoUapsam  aspiciunt  comites,  ensemque  cruore 
Vpumantem,  sparsasque  manus.     It  clamor  ad  alta     665 
Atria :  concussam  bacchatur  &ma  per  urbem  : 
lAmentis,  gemituque,  et  foemineo  ululatu 
Tecta  fremunt :  resonat  magnis  plangoribus  ether. 
Non  aliter  quhm  a  immissis  ruat  hostibus  omnis 
^^Tthago,  aut  antiqua  Tyros ;  flammseque  furentes    670 
Cialmina  perque  hominum  yolvantur  perque  Deorum. 

Jludiit  exanimis,  trepidoque  exterrita  cursu, 
Utiguibus  ora  soror  foedans  et  pectora  pugnis, 
^Jftr  medios  ruit,  ac  morientem  nomine  clamat : 
^3txs  illud,  germana,  fuit  ?  me  fraude  petebas  ?  675 

S!cc  rogus  iste  mihi,  hoc  ignes  arceque  parabant  ? 
^cuid  primi^m  deserta  querar  ?  comitemne  sororem 
^previsti  moriens  ?  eadem  me  ad  fata  voc&sses, 
«Qem  ambas  ferro  dolor,  atque  eadem  hora  tulisset. 
^ii  etiam  struxi  manibus,  patriosque  yocavi  680 

V  oce  Deos ;  sic  te  ut  positA  crudelis  abessem  ? 
*     Eztinxsti  me  teque,  soror,  populumque,  patresque 


S15 


661.  Cmd^t  Darda- 
nns  hauriat  liiinc  ignem 
ntit  oculit  ab  &lto,  et 

664.  Comites  aspi- 
ciunt  illam  collapnm 
ferro  inter  media  talia 
verba^  enftemque  spa- 
mantem,  manusque  ^ui 
sparfias  cruore 

671.  Perque  eulmina 
Drorum 

672.  Soror  exanimi* 
audiit  /uBc,  exterritaque 
trepido  cursu,  foedane 
ora  unguibus,  et  pectora 
pugnis,  ruit  per  medios, 
et  clainat  morientem  «o* 
rmrem  iiomine 

676.  Iste  rogus  para* 
bai  hoc  mihi ;  itti  ignes« 
aneque  parabant  hoe 
mihi  ' 

680.  Struxi  rogum 
etiam  his  manibus,  vo- 
cavique  patrios  Deoe 
vooA,  ut  crudelis  abes- 
■em  te  sic  positaf  O 
soror,  eztinzst!  me  teque 


NOTEa 


be  more  natural  than  for  her  to  conceive 
^oflt  to  be  of  great  and  illustrious  rank, 
^|tad  distinguished  even  in  the  other  world 
*abam  others,  as  she  had  been  herself  dis- 
'Ifcigiiished  in  this. 

^  o56.  Reeepi  pcsnas.    She  had  recovered 
^        her  brother  her  own  wealth,  and  the 
fbr  which  he  murdored  her  hus- 
It  is  with  great  proprietjr,  therefore, 
tises  the  word  reea)i,  when  speaking  of 
llis  revenge  she  had  taken  of  Pygmalion. 

659.  Moriemur  tntiite :  shall  I  die  unre- 
vanged.'  but  let  me  die.  Thus,  thus,  it  de- 
li^ite  me  to  descend  to  the  shades  below. 
Imulim :  unrevenged  of  £neas  and  the  Tro- 

&!.  The  fatal  moment  having  srrived, 
*poet  represents  her  to  us  in  the  very  act 
•f  aUbbinir  herself,  hy  the  tum  of  his  verse. 
Tlw  repetition  of  the  ne  sets  her  before  us, 
Ijlajifing  the  instrument  in  her  breast,  and 
nmeting  it  home  with  a  kind  of  desperate 
iliMiplacency.  Impreua  ot  loro :  having 
ilflMd  the  bed,  she  said,  ttLc, 

666.  Baeehahir:  in  the  sense  ofditeurril, 
Cmteutiam:  in  the  sense-  of  eommolam^  vel 


#68.  FVemuni:  in  the  sense  of  retonant, 
609.  Ruai:  falls.    Ruwu  says,  ni^oer- 


670.  Fureniet:  the  furious  flames  were 
rolling  through  the  houses  of  men,  and  the 
(temples)  of  the  gods.  Culmen  is  properlj 
the  ridge  of  the  house;  bj  sjnec.  put  for 
the  whole  house. 

675.  Hoe  iUud  fuii:  O  sister,  was  this 
your  design — was  this  the  object  you  had  in 
view,  in  erecting  this  funeral  pile .' 
f     677.  Deterla:  being  thus  abandoned,  of 
what  shall  I  iirst  complain  ?  < 

678.  Fata :  in  the  sense  of  mortem. 

679.  Doior:  pain — ache— anguish.  Heyne 
says,  vuinut. 

681.  SiepotUd:  thus  lying  dead. 

682.  Exlinxtlt :  tliou  hast  destroyed  me 
and  1  h jself^  &c  Some  copies  havo  extlinri^ 
in  tlie  first  person.  By  this  Anna  turns  tha 
reproach  from  Dido  to  herself.  But  most 
commentators  prefer  the  second  person.  Si» 
doniot  patret.  By  these  we  are  to  under- 
stand  probably  the  Carthaginian  senators, 
or  the  iegislative  branch  of  the  govemment. 
It  is  plain  that  they  are  distinguished  from 
the  body  of  the  people.  ExtinxtH:  by 
syn.  for  exlinxitti.    Dale :  in  the  sense  of 

/erle.  Lymphit:  in  the  sense  of  agud» 
This  was  a  rite  performed  towards  the  bo- 
dies  of  the  dead  by  their  nearest  relation»* 
Hence  the  mother  of  Euryalus  regrets  tha^ 


Sia  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

0H3.   Date  aquam  ut  Sidonios,  urbomque  tuain.     Date,  vulnera  lymphiB 
■bloNn  vulnora  Abluam ,  et,  extremus  si  quis  super  halitus  errat, 

Ore  legam.     Sic  fata,  gradus  evaserat  altos,  I 

Semianimemque  sinu  germanam  amplexa  fovebat 
Cum  gemitu,  atque  atros  siccabat  veste  cruores. 
Illa,  graves  oculos  conata  attollere,  rursus 
Deficit :  infixum  stridet  sub  pectore  vulnus. 
Ter  sese  attoilens  cubitoque  innixa  levavit,  i 

Ter  revoluta  toro  est :     oculi8i|ue  errantibus,  alto 
«W.  Ingemuitque,  ea  Quassivit  ccbIo  lucem,  ingemuitque  reperti. 
repefta.  Tum  Juno  omnipotens  longum  miserata  doloiem« 

Difficiles((ue  obitus,  Irim  demisit  Olympo, 
Qu8B  luctantem  animam  nexosque  resolveret  artus.    ( 
«96.  Nam  Proserpina  Nam,  quia  nec  iato,  merit4  nec  morte  peribat, 

damnaveratquo     caput  Nondum  ilu  flavum  Proserpma  vertice  cnnem 
Stygio  Orco,  quia  Abstulerat,  Stygioque  caput  damnaverat  Orco. 

Ei^d  Iris  croceis  per  ccBlum  roscida  pennis,  * 

702.  Ego  juBsa  fero  Mille  trahens  varios  adverso  Sole  colores, 
hunc    erinem     sacnim  Devolat,  et  supra  caput  adstitit :  hunc  ego  Diti 
w™i^   *"**"***      ^^  ^<^^»^  i"ssa  fero,  teque  isto  corpore  solvo. 

705.  Omnia  calor  di-  ^i^  ^i^  •  ^^  dextr&  crinem  secat.     Omnis  et  uni 
lapeue  eit,  Dilapsus  calor,  atque  in  ventos  vita  recessit. 

NOTES. 

•he  had  not  shut  his  eyes,  nor  washod  his  nishment  of  atrocious  conduct    The  f 

wounds.     ^n.  ix.  485.  a/,  or  aeetdental^  was,  when  a  penoa  ' 

684.  Siquit  exlrtmut :  if  any  last  breath  away  his  own  life  in  some  way  or  ot 

remain,  tliat  I  may  catch  it  with  my  mouth.  Buch  an  one  was  said  to  dic  before  hitt 

Virgil  is  hcre  thought  to  alludc  to  a  ccre-  This  was  the  caso  with  DUlo. 
niony   auiong    the    Grceks    and    Romans:         697.    Furore:   passion.      Diem:  in 

when  a  person  was  just  expiring,  the  ncar-  sense  of  tempus, 

est  relation  put  his  mouth  to  his  tliat  he         698.  J^ondum  illi :    Proscrpine  ha4 

might  catch  tlic  last  breath.     Rueeus  inter-  yct  plucked  for  hcr  the  yellow  locl^ 

prets  super  hy  adhuc,     Super-errat  is  evi-  l'he  ancicnts  had  a  notion  tnat  none  c 

dently  used  in  the  senso  of  tupcresset,     Tho  die  till  Proscrpine,  either  in  poreon,  o 

substitution  ofmr/ for  «rra/ makesthe  road-  Atropos^  had  cut  a  lock  of  hair  fron 

ing  easy.     Some  copies  have  essel,  crovvn  of  their  head.     This  was  consi^ 

688.  Conata:  agrecing  with  Dido.  a  kind  of  first-fruits  to  Pluto.     This  ca 

689.  Vulnus  siridet :  the  wound  hisses,  took  its  riso  from  sacrifices :  when  they 
uocasioned  by  tho  gushing  out  of  the  blood.*  to  pluck  some  of  tho  hairs  from  the  fro 
Ii\fixum :  madc.  the  victim,  and  cast  them  into  the  fire. 

693.  Dolortm :  pain.  Obitus :  departure  699.  Orco :  dat.  of  Orcus,  a  narae  of  F 
— death.  700.    Iris  ergh:    dewy  Iris  ilies  ihr 

695.  Resolverei  animam:  might  separato  hcavon.  Iris  was  themessengcr  of  the 
hersoul  and  body.  J^exos  artus:  compact-  desscs,  especially  of  Juno.  She  is  sa 
ed  or  unitod  limbs.  be  the  daughter  of  Thaumas  and  Eli 

696.  ^uianecfato,  The  ancients divided  Servius  observes  that  Iris  is,  for  tlie 
death  into  tlirce  kinds :  naturat^  merited  or  part,  cniployed  in  matters  of  mischiel 
ieterved^  and  accidental,  The  natural  dcath  contcntion.  See  iEn.  v.  606.  and  ix. 
was  when  a  person  accomplishcd  tho  ordi-  his:  the  rainbow.  This  interestiug  ap; 
nary  tcrm  of  human  life,  or  that  space  al-  ance  is  occasioncd  by  the  rays  of  tlie 
lotted  to  him  in  the  councils  of  tlio  gods.  rcBected  by  the  vapors  or  drope  of  rtii 
The  merited  or  deserved  deatli  was,  when  can  only  take  place,  or  be  socn,  whei 
a  person  was  dcprivod  of  lifc  by  the  imme-  sun  and  cloud  are  opposite  to  each  otk 
diate  interposition  of  the  gods  for  tho  pu-  rogard  to  the  spectator. 


iENEIS.     LIB.  IV. 


«IT 


QUESTIONS. 


le  ■nbject  of  this  book  ? 

I  nature,  and  character  ? 

it  commence  ? 

I  did  Juno  propose  to  effect  her 

rerting  the  Trojann  from  Italy  ? 

fect  a  union  between  Dido  und 

jnion  dissolved  ? 
was  it  dissolved? 
vas  MnetL»  commanded  to  leave 

Dido  recpive  the  information 
ordered  to  leave  her  ? 
:t  had  it  upon  her  ? 
rse  did  she  pursue  in  order  to 
om  his  purpose  ? 
i  the  match  was  concluded  be- 

and  JEneMM^  was  the  news  of 
iread  abroad  ? 
was  it  Bpread  ? 

ea  Virgil  imitate  in  the  descrip- 
e? 

larbas  ? 
i    he    previously  proposed  to 

that  proposition  received  ? 
ct  had  the  news  of  Dido^s  mar- 
hat  prince  ? 

he  occupied  at  that  time? 
said  to  bo  his  father  ? 
Jupiter  Ammon  ? 
ij  celebrated  temple  ? 
M  it  situated  ? 

es  Sir  Isaac  Newton  make  tbis 
lave  been  ? 

in  the  historian  give  a  different 
his  matter  ? 
s  he  say  of  it  ? 
I  the  issue  of  it  as  related  by 

:haracter  was  Dido  considered 

'  hor  countrymen  ? 

Dido  ? 

le  meaning  of  that  word  ? 

oUier  name  was  she  somctimes 

I  the  name  of  her  father,  ac« 

osephus  ? 

s  Virgil  call  him  ? 

B  Marollius  call  him  ? 

•robably,  an  abbreviationof //Ao- 

was  she  married  at  Tyre  ? 

Sichseus  ? 

le  did  he  hold  ? 

■  the  character  of  Pygmalion, 

H:ious  deed  did  he  perform  ? 
I  his  conduct  afYerward  ? 
Dido   informed  of  the  cruel 

rice  did  the  ghost  of  her  hus- 

jr? 

■he  do  in  conMqiiaiiee  of  that' 


Did  many  of  hor  couniryineii  aooonipttij 
her? 

VVhat  appears  to  have  been  her  ongkMd 
purpose  in  leaving  Tyro  ? 

Had  a  colony  of  Tyrisns  previoualy  m4- 
tlcd  in  Africa  ? 

Who  wcro  the  leaders  of  tliat  colony  ? 

Where  did  they  settle? 

What  did  thev  call  their  settloment  * 

How  was  Dido  received  by  her  cunntij- 
mcn  ? 

What  did  thcy  desire  her  to  do  ? 

What  did  8he  call  her  city  ? 

Wbat  is  the  meaning  of  that  word  in  iho 
Phffinician  language  ? 

But  do  not  somo  give  a  difierent  accoant? 

What  do  those  historians  «ay  ? 

What  did  she  call  the  town  or  citadel  t 

What  is  the  meaning  of  Byrsa  in  tbt 
Greek  language  ? 

To  what  mistake  did  that  lead  ? 

How  have  some  attempted  to  explain  that 
story  ? 

What  doet  Rollin  say  of  it  in  his  hiatory 
of  Carthage  ? 

Did  Dido  purchaee  any  tract  of  coontry 
for  her  city  ? 

What  was  the  natnre  of  the  contract? 

Did  the  Carthaginians  perform  it  ? 

What  was  the  consequence  of  their  refn- 
sal? 

Is  it  supposed  by  some  that  Virgil  is  gnil* 
ty  of  an  anachronism  in  making  Dido  and 
^neas  cotemporary  ? 

What  does  Bochart  say  of  it  ? 

Upon  what  does  he  found  his  conclusions' 

Does  Sir  Isaac  Newton  make  a  different 
calculation  ? 

How  much  later  has  he  brought  down  tho 
destruction  of  Troy  ? 

Is  it  a  fair  conclusion  that  it  was  a  general 
received  opinion,  they  were  coteniporary  ? 

Was  this  sufficient  ground  for  the  poet  to 
fLSsume  it  as  a  fact  ? 

Does  the  introduction  of  Dido  into  tho 
iEneid  add  much  to  its  embellishment  ? 

How  long  did  Carthage  continue  ' 

What  was  the  character  of  its  inhabitauta? 

Were  the  Carthaginians  a  powerful  n»- 
tion? 

Who  was  the  most  distinguished  coni> 
mander  and  general  among  thcm  ? 

By  whom  was  Carthage  finallydeftroyed? 

In  what  year  of  Rome  was  Uiat  effected  ? 

Finding  she  could  not  prevail  upon  .£neaff 
to  remain  at  Carthase,  what  desperate  re- 
soIuUon  did  Dido  mute  ? 

Under  what  pretence  did  she  order  tho 
altar  to  be  erected  ? 

What  effect  had  the  departure  of  tho 
Trojans  from  her  coast  upon  her  ? 

Did  she  make  any  imprecatioo  agMinei 
Jlneas  and  the  Trojaae ' 


iENEis.   Lin.  y 


31» 


bemator  puppi  Palinurus  ab  altA : 
[uianam  tanti  cinxeruiit  eethera  ninibi  ? 
pater  Neptune,  paras  ?  sic  deinde  locutus, 
-c  arma  jubet,  validisque  incumbere  remiB ; 
tque  sinus  in  ventum,  ac  talia  fatur : 
ume  iEnea,  non,  si  mihi  Jupiter  auctor 
U,  hoc  sperem  Italiam  contingere  coelo. 
transversi  fiemunt,  et  ves[)ere  ab  atro 
^unt  venti :  atque  in  nubem  cogitur  aer 
i  obniti  contriL,  nec  tendere  tantum 
lus  :  superat  quoniam  fortuna,  sequamur . 
!  vocat)  vertamus  iter.     Nec  litora  longd 
or  fratema  Erycis,  portusque  Sicanos, 
^  rite  memor  servata  remetior  astra. 
us  iEneas :  Equidem  sic  poscere  ventoe 
lum,  et  frustrk  cemo  te  tendere  contra. 
iriam  velis.     An  sit  mihi  gratior  uUa, 
!  magis  fessas  optem  demittere  naves ; 
|uaB  Dardanium  tellus  mihi  servat  Acesten, 

N0TE8. 


15 


1S.  PaUnunu  ipn 
gabemator  exclamai  ab 
lUtA  pnppi:  hout  qiiia» 
nam 


f  l.  Nocscfficimvtiioo 
t«ndero  contri,  noo  tan- 

20  tikin  obniti 

24.  Nec  Toor  lida  fra^ 

tema  litor»  Erycis,  8i- 

canosque     portua     efM 

longd. 

28.  An  ulla  tellue  nit 

25  gratior  roihi,  qu^ue  ma^ 
gla  optem  dcmittere  fee- 
BOB  naves,  qiiam  qua 
senrat  mihi  D&rdanum 
AcoHten,  et  qutt  oom- 
plectitur  ossa  patri»  \n- 

30  chiae  in  tjiu  gremio? 


^ianam :  in  the  aenfle  of  eur, 
nidve^  pater  Jfeptune^  parat  ?  This 
he  to  Neptune  gives  ua  a  very  lively 
lis  wonder  and  aatonishment. 
fiui :  properly  signifiea  any  kind  of 
nU  whatever — here  the  tackling  of 
— the  sails,  spars  and  rigging  of 
Bcription.  Davidson  confines  it  to 
But  this  is  not  nccessary.  It  was 
hat  all  things  should  be  stowed 
I  well  as  the  sails  reefed,  that  tlie 
ht  the  better  weather  the  storm. 
tUquai  sinus :  he  tums  the  sail  into 
1 — ^he  brings  the  vcssel  more  into 
i — he  liee,  in  nautical  language, 
le  wind. 

lelor :  the  founder  of  our  race. 
rlo  :  in  this  weather.     yetpere :  in 
!  of  oecidenle. 

•anscerta:  an  adj.  neu.  plu.  taken 
k'erb  in  imitation  of  the  Greeks. 
er  noi  tuffieimus:  nor  are  wo  able 
ed  against  it,  nor  so  much  as  te 

own — to  bear  up  against  the  storm 
tend  against  it. 

torjxda :  I  think  the  faithful  frater- 
»  of  Eryx,  &c.     Eryx  was  the  son 

and  Venusy  according  to  common 
Some  say,  his  mother  was  Lyeatte^ 
1  courtcz&n,  who,  on  account  of  hcr 
inarj  beauty,  was  called  Veniis. 
ollowing  tradition,  calls  him  the 
)f  ^ncaa,  both  boing  reputed  to  be 

of  Venos.  His  grandfather  was 
who  was«slain  by  Pollux  in  a  con- 
I  the  gauntlet:  upon  which  Butet 
Sicily,  and  foundcd  a  city.  Eryxy 
anner,  was  slain  by  Hcrcules.     He 

name  to  a  mountain  and  city  not 
the  Promontarium  LUylHKum, 

wtodh  riii:  i£  now,  remeroboring 


rightlv,  I  measure  over  again  the  start  «ib« 
served  before.  From  the  relative  situation 
of  those  stan  wliich  he  had  observed  upou 
the  coast  of  Sicily,  aiid  firom  their  comNi- 
pondeuce  with  his  present  observatiens,  he 
judges  himself  to  be  on  tliat  coast  again. 

27.  Tendere:  strove — contended. 

28.  yiam:  in  the  sense  of  curnim.  Turn 
your  course  before  the  wind.  The  louth- 
west  wind  was  favorable  for  thom  to  go  to 
Sicily. 

29.  Demittere :  in  the  sense  of  dirigtrt, 

30.  Aeetlen.  What  is  said  jf  Uio  origin 
of  Acestes,  is  io  incorporated  with  fable 
that  little  dependencc  can  be  placed  upon  it 
The  account,  which  Dionysiiis  Halicamas- 
sus  gives,  is  probably  the  most  correct.  It 
appears  that  Laomedon,  king  of  Troy,  be- 
ing  offended  at  some  Trojan  nobloman: 
caused  him  and  his  sons  to  bo  put  to  death. 
Lycophron  calls  him  Phanodamut:  but  &'er> 
viut  and  Pomponiut  call  him  Hippotet,  Bul 
thinking  his  d&ughters,  who  wcre  three  in 
number,  less  deserving  hu  displeasure,  the 
king  sola  them  to  some  Sicilian  merchanta, 
on  condition  that  they  should  transport  them 
to  some  foreign  country.  A  person  of  soroe 
distinction  being  on  board,  by  the  name  of 
Crinitut^  Crimitut^  or  Crimittut^  fell  in  love 
with  one  of  them,  whose  name  was  EgettOt 
and  marned  her.  Soon  afler  she  bore  a  son, 
whom  Virgil  calls  Aeettet^  but  otliors  Egettet, 
or  JEgettet,  Upon  the  doath  of  Laoiiiedon, 
he  obtained  permission  of  Piiam  to  retura 
to  Troy;  where  ho  was  during  tho  sicg* 
and  destruction  of  that  city,  when  hc  con* 
tracted  a  friondship  with  ^Iiicos.  Ho  aiXer^ 
ward  retumed  to  Sicily.  Tho  rivcr  Crini» 
tut  bcing  aflerward  called  by  his  nainc,  gavt 
nso  to  the  faboloua  aocouuX  of  Vi\a  Nkvt^ 


«20 


P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 


St.  Ubi  hsc  dkta 
iuni 

35.  At  Accfltos  ex  ex- 
ceUo  vertice  inontiB  pro- 
cul  mir&tUB  adventum, 
■ociaaque  ratcs,  occurrit 
nobii^  horridus 

ti9.  Queni  Troia  ma- 
ter  ^nuit  conceptum 
Crimiso  flumine. 

42.  Cum  pustora  clara 
dies  fugarat  stellaa  pri- 
nio  oriente,  i£neai 

45.  ^uorum  genus  al 


50.  O  Dt,  vos^  aic  vo- 
luutia. 

51.  Ego  agcrem  huno 
ditm^  ai  euem  ezul  in 
Getulia  syrtibua,  de* 
prenaufl-ve 

55.  Nunc  ultr^  adsu- 
muB  ad  cinerea  et  otsa 
ipaius  parentis,  equidem 
reor  haud  sind  numine 
DivQm 


Et  patris  Anchisas  grcmio  coinplectitur  cmm,  f 
IlflDC  ubi  dicta,  petunt  portus,  et  veKa  secundi 
Intendunt  Zephyri :  fertur  cita  gurgite  claaBii : 
£t  tandem  laiti  notse  advertuntur  arenae. 

At  procul  excelso  miratus  vertice  montiB  ] 

Adventum,  sociasque  rates,  occurrit  Acestes, 
Ilorridus  in  jaculis  et  pelle  Libystidia  urse : 
Troia  CrimiiK)  conceptum  flumine  mater 
Quem  genuit.     Veterum  non  immemor  ille  pftrootaii 
Gratatur  reduces,  et  gazA  Isctus  agresti  4Bj 

Excipit,  ac  fessos  opibus  solatur  amicis. 

Postcra  ciim  primo  stellas  oriente  fugArat 
Clara  dies ;  socios  in  cwtum  litore  ab  omni 
Advocat  iEneas,  tumuiique  ex  aggere  fatur; 
Dardanidse  magni,  genus  alto  a  sunguine  DivAm,        41. 
Annuus  exactis  completur  mensibus  orbis ; 
Ex  quo  relliquias  divinique  ossa  parentis 
Condidimus  terrft,  mcBstasque  sacravimus  aru. 
Jamque  dies,  ni  fallor,  adest ;  quem  semper  acerbuBi 
Semi>er  honoratum,  sic  Di  voluistis,  habebo.  91 

Hunc  ego  Gaetulis  agerem  si  syrtibus  exul, 
Argolicove  mari  deprensus,  et  urbe  Mycenae : 
Annua  vota  tamen,  solemnes(|ue  ordine  pompas 
Exsequerer ;  strueremque  suis  altaria  donis. 
Nunc  ultrd  ad  cinercs  ipsius  et  ossa  parentis,  bb 

Ilaud  equidem  sinc  mente,  reor,  sine  numine  DifAin^ 


N0TE8. 


33.  Gurgite:  in  the  senae  of  mari. 
.    34.  Ltrii :  soeii  ia  undorstood :  my  joyouii 
companions. 

35.  Miratus:  observing — wondering  aU 
Our  arrival  was  unexpccted,  aiid  a  mattcr 
of  wonder  to  him. 

37.  Horridw  in  jarulis :  rough  with  jave- 
Un8,  and  the  hide  of  an  African  bear.  The 
word  horridus  is  vory  applicable  to  the  dren 
and  equipage  of  a  liunter,  bearinff  his  darts 
and  javelins  in  his  hands,  and  guarded 
against  the  savagus  of  the  mountains.  In 
which  character  AccstCB  is  here  represented. 
Libystidis :  an  adj.  from  LibystiSy  and  that 
from  tlie  noun  Libys.  Pliny  says  there  were 
no  bears  in  Africa^  on  account  of  its  great 
heat.  But  thcre  aro  many  good  authorities 
i&gainBt  Iiim.  Solinus  says  the  Numidian 
bears  excel  all  others  in  beauty  and  form: 
which  is  probahly  the  reaaon  that  Virgil 
dresses  ..'icestes  in  one  of  their  skins. 

39.  Gcnuii.  in  the  sente  of  0«pen7. 

40.  jigresti  gaxd:  witb  his  homcly  fare. 
Oaga  is  a  word  of  Pcrsian  origpn,  and  signi- 
fies  any  kind  of  sumptuout  exponse,  either 
in  provision  or  fumiture.  JWm  is  to  be  con- 
nected  with  reduces. 

44.  Aggere :  summitaie^  says  Rusus. 
46.  ^nnuus  orbis:  the  annual  drcle  (to 
vit,  a  year)  is  completed. 
49.  Acerbum:  afflictiv*— «orrowfuL 


50.  Habebo:  I  shall  consider.    Agjomi 

I  would  observe,  or  keep. 

53.  Solemnes  pompas,  This  is  pecafin^ 
propcr  in  this  place.  Pompa  properiy  Mfi^ 
fics  a  funeral  or  other  processicm;  ami,cii^ 
querer:  I  uould  perform  iht  exseauim^  or  fc> 
ncral  obscquies ;  the  principal  of  which  vtt 
the  followinjf  of  the  corpse  to  the  fraft«« 
funeral  pile.  Hcncc  exsequia  cameto4* 
nify  the  whole  fuueral  riteii:  from  seqm^l 
follow. 

54.  Struerem  aliaria :  I  would  cover  thl 
altars  with  his  own  proper  gifts.  TbMi 
wero  milk,  wine,  honoy,  and  blood,  poQiW 
upon  the  tomb.  Upon  thcse  it  was  thoafM 
the  Umbra^  or  shade  of  the  deceased,  OTi 
and  ORpecially  upon  the  blood.  Valpy  MJft 
fit  otTorings. 

56.  Haud  sini  menie.  ^neas  here  tttn* 
butcs  tlieir  arrival  in  Sicily  to  the  intsrpod* 
tion  of  the  gods,  as  if  thcy  desijrned  it  II 
afford  him  an  opportunity  of  paying  diTiH 
honors  to  his  father;  Mente:  design.  R^ 
OBus  says,  eonsHio. 

58.  Lalum  fionorem:  the  joyous  fbilinL 
Rusus  interprets  honorem  by  MMTifStiM 
But  it  is  plain  that  honorem  indndoi 
part  of  the  rites  and  ceremoniea  whieh  «i 
performed  upon  that  occaaion,  as  will  Vl 
offerings  or  aacrificefl. 


iENKIS.     IJB.  V. 


821 


iin ;  et  portus  delati  intramus  aminos. 
igite,  et  ]»tum  cuncti  celebrcmus  hoiiorem : 
aAus  ventos,  atque  hiec  me  sacra  quotannis 
reiit  positi  templis  sibi  ferre  dicatis. 
loum  vobis  Troj&  generatus  Accstes 
imero  capita  in  naves :  adhibete  Penates 
rios  epulis,  et  quos  colit  hospes  Acestes. 
re^  si  nona  diem  mortalibus  almum 
a  eztulcrit,  radiisque  retexerit  orbem, 
cits  Teucris  ponam  certamina  classis 
e  pcdum  cursu  valet,  et  qui  viribus  audax, 
iculo  incedit  melior,  levibusve  sagittis  ; 
-udo  fidit  pugnam  committere  c»stu  ; 
i  adsint,  meritseque  ez|>ectent  prsmia  palmae. 
vete,  omnes,  et  cingite  tempora  rainis. 
fiitus,  velat  matem&  tempora  myrto  : 
llyrous  &cit,hoc  aevi  maturus  Acestes, 
uer  Ascanius :  sequitur  quos  cietera  pubes. 
concilio  multis  cum  millibus  ibat 
nuluRi,  magni  medius  comitantc  catervA. 
lo  rit^  mero  libans  carchesia  Baccho 
:  humi,  duo  lacte  novo,  duo  sanguine  sacro ; 
reosque  jacit  flores,  ac  talia  fatur : 
■ancte  parens :  iterum  salvete,  recepti 

NOTES. 


5<l.  Et  wof  delati  hue 
inftramuM 

59.  Poncamiii   venio« 

QQ  ab  eo,  aUiue  ui  velit  me, 

urbe    poiiit&«    quotaiuile 

ferre  hiec  sacra  in  teiiip- 

lia  dicatie  eibi 

dS.  In  nng%iia»  naves 


65 


67.  Et  qni  inoedil 
daz  ^iribUM 


70 


75  75.  Ille  ibet  mediua  g 
ooncilio  onin  multia  mil- 
libufl  ad 


80 


^ontd  urbe:  a  citv  being  built — that  mav  profane  the  sacred  cerf^monies :  or,  let 

'  they  had  founded  a  city  and  erected  ue  have  the  concurrence  of  your  prayere  to 

I  in  it  dedicated  to  llim.  render  Uie  gods  favorable  to  us :  or,  lastly, 

ieesiet  generaiu»,      Acestes  sprung  aid  us  by  your  applause  and  joyfuJ  acclama- 

roy,  gives,  &c.     Bina  eapiia  boum :  tions. 

imc  oxtn,  ^2.  yelat  tempora,   The  poet  here  alludee 

ftikiteie  Penaiee^  iic,     Servius  is  of  to  a  practice  among  the  Romans,  of  persons 

that   the  poet  here  alludes  to  the  of  evcry  age  aud  condition,  who  appeariMi 

eastcm  called  Leeiistemia^  or  sacred  at  these  solemn  games,  to  wear  a  garlaiid 

ts,  prepared  at  the  solemn  games  for  upon  their  heads.    The  myrtle  was  sacred 

lU,  whose    images   were  placed   on  to  Venus;  hencethepropriety  of  theezpree- 

I,  and  set  down  at  the  most  honorable  sion,  matema  myrto, 
the  table,  as  principal  guests.  73.  MaturuM  «an :  a  Grecism.  In  the  sense 

M  ;  in  the  sense  of  eum,  of  proreetu»  atate^  vel  annie. 
'otumi  ;   in  the  sense  of  inttituam,        77.  Hie  duo  riti :  here  in  due  form  ofle^ 

here  Institutes  four  kinds  of  games  ing,  he  poum  on  the  ground,  &c.  Carehesia  : 

te    a  rowing  match — a  foot  race— a  large  bowls  without  handles :  plu.  of  rairAe- 

g  match,  and  a  gauntlet  fight ;  and  tium,  Libane:  pouring  out— oflTering.  Baa» 

m  euitable  rewards  for  tha  victors  in  cho:  for  vtno.    Mero:  pure — uninixed. 

80.  Jterum  talvete :  Te  a^hen  revisited  m 

^aUt :  in  the  sense  of  preutai,     Jnee^  vain,  and  soul  and  shade  of  my  fathcr,again 

the  eense  of  ut,  hail. — Cineret  reeepti  neouirqunm.  fiy  thtwe 

^Uii :  in  the  sense  of  audei,  words  Serviusnnderstands  Anchivcs  himself, 

*rmmia  tneriia  paJmm:    rewards   of  whom  ^neas  rescued  from  tho  flames  of 

ioae  victory— or  rewsrds  worthy  of  Troy  in  vain;  ainee  he  Io»t  ului  before  bis 

.    Paiwue  :  in  the  senM  of  vieioria :  arrival  in  Italy.     I^t  the  sense  given  above 

m.  is  easier.     ^neas  loet  his^father  a  year  be* 

Imefe  omnet  ere :  fatfete  ort^  re\/ateie  foro  on  his  way  to  Italy  ;  but,  meeting  with 

was  the  phrase  made  use  of  by  the  a  storm,  ho  was  obliged'  to-  go  *n  Africa. 

iMffe  before  the  celebration  of  solemn  Now  on  his  retum  he  visits  his  tomb, ..    ^*  ia 

r  0urifices.    The  unport  seems  to  a  manner  receives  him  again,  bvt  in  vain, 

rar  oe  with  your  rehgious  attention  since  it  was  not  permitted  that  he  shouid 

«nee  no  words  of  bad  omen  that  take  him  with  him  tc  italj.  AgmmitupiA 

22 


SQU  P.  VIKGILII  MARONIS 

KS.  Non  licuit  mihi  Nequicquam  cineres,  animaique  umbneque  pttenNlL 
tecuni    qumrere     Italo.  p^^^n  jjcuit  fines  Italos,  fataliaque  anra, 
*••■  Nec  tccum  Ausonium,  quicunque  est,  querere  Tjk 

86.  Cdm  Injeiw  lu-  j)jxerat  ha«  :  adytii  c&m  lubricus  angtiis  ab  imis 
Iflm  rvroe  Septcm  ingens  gyros,  septena  volumma  trmxit, 

87.  Cui  tei^ccBrulett  Am[)lexus  placidd  tumulum,  lapsusque  per  arms: 
■ot0  iiteendebant^  ot  eu-  Cccrulece  cui  tnr^  notae,  maciriosus  et  auro 

/itf  ■quamam  fulgor         Squamam  incendebat  fulgor :  ceu  nubibus  areui 
90.  Tandem  ille  acr-  Mille  trahit  varios  adverso  Sole  cobres. 

KM  longo  aifmme  mter  obstupuit  visu  iEneas  :  ille  agmine  longo 

Tandem  inter  pateras  et  levia  pocula  Mrpena, 
*         Libavitque  dapeSi  nirsusque  innozius  imo 
Successit  tumulo,  et  depasta  altaria  liquit. 
H^  magis  inceptos  getiitori  instaurat  honorea : 
Incertus,  Geniumne  loci,  famulumne  parentia 
Esse  putct :  caxlit  quinas  de  more  bidentas, 
Totque  sues,  totidem  nigrantes  terga  juvencoa : 
Vinaque  fundebat  pateris,  animamquc  vocabat 
Anchise  magni,  Manesque  Acheronte  remiaaoa, 
Necnon  et  socii,  quie  cuique  est  copia,  laeti 
Dona  ferunt :  onerant  aras,  mactantque  juvenooa 
Ordine  ahena  locant  alii :  fusique  per  herbam 
Subjiciunt  vcrubus  pnmas,  et  viacera  torrenL 

Expectata  dics  aderat,  nonamque  aereni 
Auroram  Phacthontis  equi  jam  luce  vehebanL 

NOTES. 

^rmque,    8ome  consider  these  as  genitives  Oenii  appointed,  Mme   tbo    protac 

oonnected  with   and  govemed  by  einert»,  countrieB  and  citiea,  and  otherv  tJi 

Servius  explaine  it  upon  tho  principles  of  dians  of  particular  persona,  who  di 

Plato  and  Aristotle ;    who   gave  to  nian  a  thein  cven  afler  death. 

fourfold  8ouI— the  intelUctual,  the  sensual,  98.     Vocabat.    iEneas   here  not 

tlie  vUal^  and  the  vegetatire,     To  each  of  called  upon  his  ghort  to  partake  of 

tlieee  thcy  assigned  a  ehadc  or  gliost     It  is  pa„t  hc  had  prepared,  but  invoked  f 

moHt  probablc  Ihe  poel  hcrc,  as  clsewhcrc,  ^^1]  to  bc  propitiouu  to  hini,  tJiereb 

utes  thc  plural  for  tho  sin^rular,  in  ordcr  to  i,)g  him. 

aggrandizo  his  Pubjcct :  Ihat  is,  anima  for  99.  jianes  remiMsos  Acheronte :  i 

anma^  and  umbra  for  umbra^  in  Ihe  voc.  or  phost  scnt  back  from  the  dead  to 

■ing.     This  is  Uio  opinion  of   Rueus  and  of  the  banquet.     j9eheron:  a  fabuli 

Heyne.  of  hell— often  put  for  hell  ilsclf :  or ' 

84.  Adytis.     The  tomb  of  Anchisct  hcro  of  thc  dead,  as  here. 

ia  spoken  of  as  a  tcmple — a  shrine.  ^rxfx    r\            ■       m      ■          •    «u- 

8?:  Cui;  inthe  senno  of  cujus,     Terga:  ^OO-^i^  cnpta  est  cutque :  m  thf 

aec  plu.  govemed  by  incendeOant.  or  some  '^"'''^«'«  «>P*«"»  9^^«  "'  unt.-mque 

other  verb  of  like  import,  understood.  ^^^-  Onerani :  some  copies  have 

88.  Fulgor  maeulosus :  a  brighUiess  varie-  9"«-     "emsius,  Pierma,  and  Heyne 
gated  with  gold — with  a  poldcn  hue.     7n-  9^^* 

testdebai :  made  or  rcndered  resplendent.  103.  Viseere:  by  this  we  aro  to  uo 

91.  Serpent:   a  part.  of  the  verb  serpoj  the  mcat  in  gencral. 
agraeiiif  with  ille  in  the  preceding  line.  105.  Equi  Phaithontit :  the  hon 

9S.  Libaoii  dapes :    tasted  tho   banquet,  sun  bruught  the  nintJi,  &:c.   Pha-ien 

ind  again,  &c.     The  dapes  was  the  ofTcr  son  of  Phv.tnu  and  Ciymene,     He 

ing  to  the  shade  of  Anchises,  spuucn  of  54,  from  his  father  the  managcment  of 

wpra.  riot  for  one  day ;  but  unable  to  gi 

03.   '^zpasta:  fed  upon— just  tastcd.  iicry  8tecds,he  was  precipilated  int 

..  instaurat :   in  the  sense  of  renovat.  Scc  Ovid.  Mct.  2.     Here  put  for 

Uwnmre» :  in  the  sensc  of  sacr{ficia,  hinisclf.     The  poets  rcprcncntcd  tl 

^-   inetrtus-nt:    uncertain  whethcr    he  drawn  in  a  chariot  by  four  horiK 

ilMKlld  consider  him  (the  scqienl)  to  bc,  &c.  naines  were  PyroU.  Eoiis^^iCihon^  1 

Tha  ancients  had  a  notion  that  there  wcre  ^on,  all  of  Gruek  origin. 


iENEis.  un.  V. 


iOB  et  clari  nomen  AcesUe 
compl^rant  litora  coetu, 
,  pars  et  certare  parati. 
io  ante  oculos,  circoque  locantur 
i  tripodes,  viridesque  coronae, 
um  victoribus  ;  armaque,  et  ostro 
argenti  aurique  talenta : 
808  medio  canit  aggere  ludos. 
ineunt  gravibus  certamina  remis 
ini  delectae  classe,  carinie. 
heuB  agit  acri  remige  Pristin, 
»tiieu8,  genus  k  quo  nomine  Memmt 
yas  ingenti  mole  Ciiimaeram, 
»lici  pubes  quam  Dardana  versu 
lo  consurgunt  ordine  remi. 
omus  tenet  &  quo  Sei^a  nomen, 
Itur  magnA ;  ScyUique  Cloanthus 
;  unde  tibi,  Romane  Cluenti. 
pelago  saxum,  spumantia  contra 
jmidis  subraersum  tunditur  olim 
rni  condunt  ubi  sidera  Cori : 
,  immotAque  attollitur  undi 
icis  statio  gratissima  mergis. 
neas  frondenti  ex  ilice  metam 
jm  nauus,  pater  :  unde  reverti 
oe  ubi  circumflectere  cursus. 


106.     Pmn     Tisnn 

£ne«dM,  et  parr  paraAi 

oertare. 

111.  Pretium  ifff/tn*- 

htm  victoribufl 
110      113.  Tubacauit^m*. 

dio  aggere  ludoe  ooia- 

miuos  estt, 

115.   Quatuor  carine 

delectas  ex  omni  claMe« 

pares  gravibun  reniia 
115      117.   A  quo    nomina 

oriiur  genug 

118.  Gjas  agU  ingen- 

tem   Chimeram  ex  in- 

genti  moie 

l^.   Sergoetusque,  A 
1 20  quo  Sergia  domus  tenet 

nomen,  invehitur  mag^ 

na    Centauro ;     Cloan- 

thusque  invehUur  cceru- 

lek  Scylla;  unde  ffenus 

etitihi 
1 25      127.  Siletin  tranquillo 

ettio^  attolliturque  ex  im- 

mot4     unda,     ianquam 

campus 

\29.  Hic  pater  iEneae 

constituit  viridem    me- 
130  tam  ez  frondenti  ilice, 

ianqtum  ncnum  nantae 

nnde. 


NOTES. 


m  the  wnM  of  7Vo;anof. 
Mf«.  The  tripod  was  pro- 
iree-footed  etool  or  table, 
iced  the  sacred  bowls  and 
the  libation.     It  ie  called 

cf  its  various  usee  in  the 
^on.     We  leam  from  Ho- 
ika  used  to  make  presents 
'  heroes  and  groat  men. 
rhe  palm  was  the  ordina- 

conqueror  at  the  games. 
is  reason  for  it;  because 
emblem  of  fortitude,  as  it 
nor  bome  down  by  anjr 
11  maintains  its  growth, 
or  to  oppoeition.  Per" 
ored.  7\iUnia  :  one  talent 

the  sensc  of  regU  vel  gU" 
ige:  with  a  valiant  band 

ine :  from  whose  name  is 
imiitf .  In  order  to  rccom- 
be  noble  families  at  Rome, 
sir  origin  from  Trojans  of 
tf ;  in  the  sense  of/amilin. 
ff  .*  in  the  sense  of  instar 

Ttu :  with  a  triple  row  of 

ril  says  of  the  nature  of 

antidpaHon;  but  it  was 


not  necessary  that  ke  should  conform  os* 
actly  to  chronological  fact.  The  galiey,  it 
is  well  known,  was  not  invented  till  long 
after,  and  was  of  various  sizes.  Some  liaa 
two,  some  three,  and  others  four  banks,  or 
rows  of  rowers :  and,  accordingly,  they  wero 
called  Biremis^  TVtremii,  quadriremis^  Scom 
Their  banks  of  rowers  were  raised,  slopingly 
one  above  another«  so  that  those  of  tne 
second  bench  rested  their  feet  wbere  thoeo 
of  the  iirst  were  seated,  &c.  JUmi  eonsu^ 
guni  iemo  ordine.  By  this  wo  are  to  under- 
stand  that  the  oars  rose  together,  and,  as  it 
were,  kept  time  throughout  the  three  rows. 
RusBUs  makes  a  distinction  betweon  versug 
and  ordo.  The  first,  according  to  him,  sig- 
nifies  the  series  of  oais  reckoned  horizuntalTy 
from  stem  to  stem.  The  ordines  he  mttkoe 
to  be  tlie  same  oars  reckoned  vertically,  «ir 
as  they  rose  obliquely  above  one  auother. 

121.  Domus:  properly  the  house,  by  mo- 
ton.  the  family — race. 

123.  Oenus:  race — family. 

125.  Olim:  continually — usually. 

126.  Condunt:  cover  over — hidu  ihem  m 
clouds. 

127.  DranquUh.    In   cakn   weatJier  this 
rock  was  visible ;  but  in  stonns  il  was  covvr- 
od  with  waves,  and  reaounded  with  tiie  dash- 
ing  of  the  wators.    It  roM  «hoN«  \Vwa  vm*« 
face  /ike  a  plain. 


8M  P.  VIRGILn  MAaONIS 

132.  Ipsi    ductoros  Tuin  loca  sorte  legunt :  ipsique  in  puppibuB  anro 
]<mg^  effulgent  in  pup-  Ductores  longe  effulgent  ostroque  decori ; 

jubu^  docon  auro  os-  q^^^,.^  populeA  velatur  fronde  juvcntus, 

135.'  Pcrfusa    guoad  Nudatosque  humeros  oleo  perfusa  nitescit. 
nndatoe   huiiieroe   oleo  Considunt  transtris,  intentaque  brachia  remis : 
niteecit.  Intenti  expectant  signum  :  exultantiaque  haurit 

Corda  pavor  pulsans,  laudumque  arrecta  cupido. 

Inde,  ubi  clara  dedit  sonitum  tuba,  finibus  omnoi 
Haud  mora,  prosiluere  snis :  ferit  sethera  cUunor 
Nauticus  ;  adciuctis  spumant  freta  versa  hicertifl. 
Infindunt  pariter  sulcos  :  totumque  dehiscit 
Convulsum  remis  rostrisque  tridentibus  flequor. 
Non  tam  prsecipites  bijugo  certamine  campum 
145.  Cumu  non  .tam  Corripuere,  ruuntque  efiusi  carcere,  ciumis : 
praBcipites      corripuere  Nec  sic  immissis  aurigs  undantia  lora 
••""P""  Concussere  jugis,  pronique  in  verbera  pendent. 

l'um  plausu  fremituque  vir(km,  studiisque  faventdfl 
Consonat  omne  nemus,  vocemque  inclusa  ▼olutanl 
.  Litora  ;  pulsati  colles  clamore  resultant. 

.ijl^I*Srr,!5?f  li?M*  EfTugit  ante  alios,  primusque  elabitur  undis 

alios :  pnmusque  elabi-  ,«     i         •  /•       •  y^  j  •    j    r^ 

tur  uiidis  inter  turbam  Turbam  mter  fremitumque  Gyas :  quem  demde  OM 

frcmituroque.  Consequitur,  melior  remis  ;  sed  pondere  pinus 

NOTES. 

134.  Populea  fronde,     Senrius  observofl,  medala  expUin  the   mattar ;  eB  • 

the  reason  of  thoir  wearing  garlands  of  the  which  there  it  plainlj  seen  a  rosirum 

poplar  tree,  was,  that  they  wore  celebrating  of  a  ship  with  throe  teeth.     TVtdenf 

funeral  gamcs.     Hcrcules,  it  is  said,  brought  and  den*. 
tiiat  tree  from  the  infemal  regions.  144.  PraeioUet:  in  the  seiise  d 

136.  Brachia  intenta  remis :    their  arms  Certamiru :  the  chariot  race.     Bijui 

aro  slrctched  to  the  oars.     Riiibus  has  no  fies  or  implies  that  two  horses  wer 

Btop  afler    remis^  but  connocts  it  with   the  or  hamesscd  in  the  charioU     Macn 

following  words.     This,  howevcr,  is  not  so  serves  that  Virgil  here  excele  Hon 

easy  :    and,   bcHide,  it  takes    from  the  so-  deed  nothing  can  be  more  finely  if 

lemnity  of  the  dcscription.     The  verb  tunt  or  represented  more  to  the  life. 

18  understood.  the  mark,  or  starting  place ;  me/o, 

133.  Pulsans  pavor :  throbbing  fear,  and  or  turning  place.  Currtu^  by  UM 
an  eager  dcsirc  of  praise,  druws  their  beat-  equi. 

in^  hearts.     This  is   very  expressive.      It         146.  JWc  auriga  tie:  nor  have 

raises  such  palpitations  in  theh:  breasts,  as  rioteers  so  shook,  &c.     Jugit :  tl 

if  it   would  draw  thcir  hearts  out  of  their  hy  mcton.  put  for  the  horees  haraei 

bodies.     Puhans  is  a  very  proper  epithet  to  Immittit  jugit :  the  horses  flyiny  V 

paror^  beating — paipitating.  ened  reins — at  fuU  speed. 

139,  Finibus.  Fmu,  herc,  mcans  the  line,         143.  Studiit :   in  the  ■enee  of 

place,  or  bound,  from  which  they  start — the  Honibut 
mark      Som/um.taesignal  149.  ii/ora  ,W«*a,  tc.    Rnw» 

wrve.,   by    h.s   we  are  to  undorstiu.d   the  j.      ^^,^^^  j^^«„  ^^    Ol 

motions  of  Ihe  rowers  whon,  m  pullmg  at  .    ,  ^e  taken  here  in  tlM 

the  oar,   they  draw  the  arms  closc  to  tlio  ^ 

body.     This  they  do,  eepecially  when  they  ^^^'  ^     . ,        . 

fow  with  all  their  strength.  151.  Primut.  Davideonhasiwm 

142.  Infindunt  pariter  tulcot :  they  cleave  »»?  ^'^  ^^^'  ™  if"**f"  *^ 
furrows  in  Uie  sea  at  the  same  time— they  nearest  waves.  Prtmut  is  koi 
■tart  all  at  once.  «^sier,  and  conveye  the  same  id 

143.  JBlquor  convultum:   the  whole  sur-  ^he  readmg  of  Rusus  and  othen 
face  of  the  sea  convulsed,  &c.     Some  edi-  ^f^nt :  echo  it  back. 
tiona  have  ttridenlibut.      But  this  violates         153.  Pintu:  the  timber  of  the  ] 

measure  of  the  verse ;  the  first  ■yllable    put  bj  meton.  for  the  ehip  or  fl] 
Heniibm  being  always  \ong.    AncienLX    qC  iU 


iENEIS.    LIB.  V 

tenct.     Post  hoB,  equo  discrimine,  Pristis 
rus<]ue  locum  tendunt  superare  priorem.  156 

z  Pristis  babet ;  nunc  victam  prsetcrit  ingens 
nis ;  nunc  unli  ambae  junctisque  feruntur 
»U8,  et  longi  sulcant  vada  salsa  carini. 
^ue  propinquabant  scopulo,  metamque  tenebant ; 
rincepa,  medioque  Gyas  in  gurgite  victor,         160 
em  navis  compeliat  voce  Menoeten  : 
utjkm  mihi  dexter  abis  ?  huc  dirige  cursum, 

ma,  et  Isvas  stringat,  sine,  palmula  cautes :  \^*  ^*,  ^^  ^  P**" 

alii  teneant     Dixit :  sed  c»ca  Menoetes  ^J,  "^™*^'     '"^** 

mens,  proram  pelagi  detorquetad  undas.  166 

irersus  abis  ?  iterum,  Pete  saxa,  Menccte, 
amore  Gyas  revocabat :  et  ecce  Cloanthum 
;t  instantem  teigo,  et  propiora  tenentem. 
T  navemque  Gyae  scopulosque  sonantes 
ter  laevum  interior,  subitusque  priorem  170 

t ;  et  metis  tenet  aequora  tuta  relictis. 
»rd  ezarsit  juveni  dolor  ossibus  ingens, 
ihrymis  caruere  genae :  segnemque  Menoeten, 

decorisque  sui,80ci(imque  salutis,  174.   obhtusqae    rai 

)  prscipitem  puppi  deturbat  ab  alti.  175  decoris,  s&lutisque   m>« 

bem&clo  rector  subit,  ipse  magister :  cium,  deturbat   segnem 

irque  viros,  clavumque  ad  litora  torquet.  Menceten,  pr»cipitem 

18  ut  fundo  vix  tandem  redditus  imo  est 

lior,  madid&que  fluens  in  veste,  Menoetes,  ^?^'  ^^  "^  Mcniutoi 

petit  scopuh,  siccAque  m  rupe  resedjt.  180  ^^^  tandcm  vix  reddi- 

t  labentem  Teucri,  et  risere  natantem  :  tue     est     imo    fundo: 

»  rident  revomentem  pectore  fluctus.  fluensquo    in     madidm 

leU  extremis  spes  est  accensa  duobus,  ^°«f®'  P°^jf  summa  sco- 

o  Mnestheoque,  Gyam  superare  morantem.  ^   *•  "*®  *'*'"*^ 

us  capit  antd  locum,  scopuloque  propinquat:  185 

NOTES. 

tacrmine:  in  the  sense  of  interraUo.  cut  along  the  left  way  (iter  Uevum)  and  sird- 

;  io  the  eenee  of  oeeupare^  vel  o6-  denly  passed  Gyas,  who  just  before  had  been 

ahead  of  him ;  pralerU  Gjfam  modi  priorem. 

EiM.  This  u  t]ie  reading  of  Hein-  Both  in  the  naval  and  chariot  race  the  great 

'M,  Davidson,  and  others.    Rusus  art  lay  in  tuming  as  near  the  goal  as  possi- 

ble.     Fcr  the  nearer  they  kcpt  to  it.,  the 

iMcftff  froniibu».    They  moved  on  shorter  circumference  they  had  to  make,  and 

hMui  and  head.    Neither  one  g^n-  the  less  distance  to  run.    This  was  a  groat 

•  oCher.    It  is  of  the  same  import  advantafre  to  be  gained,  but  it  was  attcnded 

nHM  rotiriM.  with  danger.    Subitut,     Some  copies  have 

mlm  vada:  the  briny  sea.  tubith,    The  sense  b  the  same  with  either. 

^rmeept:  in  the  sense  of  primus,  Hcyno  has  tubito,  on  the  suthority  of  Bur- 

in  the  sense  of  maru  mannus ;  but  observes  that  the  other  is  the 

Bcfercm:  the  helmsman— steersnian.  more  poetical. 

iikL  RuBus  conjectures  that  miAt  1 72.  Juveni :  the  dat.  in  the  sense  of  the  gen 

■erdy  expletiTO,  as  in  many  other  174.  Decorit:  in  the  sense  of  dignitatu, 

r^^  Hiut:  keep  close  to  or  hug  the  176.  Rector  ipte,  Gyas  hitherto  had  onlr 

acted  as  pilot.    He.  now  discharges  the  of- 

ittrmt:  contrary — a  different  way.  fice  both  of  pilot  and  helmsman. 

U  rmdit  interior^  icc,    In  the  races  177.  Litora :  to  the  rock  or  goal. 

■lomary  to  keep  the  mc/a,  or  goal,  178.  Redditut  ett :  issued  or  roee  from 

\  baiid.    This  will  serve  to  ezplain  with  difficulty. 

lUeasa.    Cloanthos  on  the  inside  183.  Accenaaett:  was  kindled — aroee 

the  meta  than  Gyas,  184.  Superart:  intheMflMftoi  |melcrvr^ 


:S26  P.  VlRGILll  MARONIS 

JR6.  Noo  tamen  ille  Nec  toUL  tamen  ille  prior  pnseunte  caiml : 
ut    prior,  tota    carinA  p^^e  prior,  partem  rostro  premit  snnula  Privtii. 
SriTrT^  iEm^  ^  PrisSi  At  mediA  socios  incedens  nave  per  ipsos 
premit    aliam    partem  Hortatur  Mnestheus :  Nunc,  nunc  insui^te  remiii 
roetro.  Hectorei  socii,  Trojs  quos  sorte  supremA 

Delegi  comites :  nunc  ilias  promite  vnres, 
Nunc  animos  ;  quibus  in  Gstufis  syrtibus  ua, 
lonioque  mari,  Maleieque  scquacibos  umfis. 
191.  Ego  Mneetheue  Non  jam  prima  peto  Mnestheus,  neque  vincere  oi 
Bon  peto  prima  loca         Quanquam  6 !  sed  superent,  qiubus  hoc,  Neptuiia,i 
-196   O  ulinam  pastem  Extremos  pudeat  rediisse :  hoc  vincite,  cives, 

£t  prohibete  nefas.     Olh  certamine  summo 
Procumbunt :  vastis  tremit  ictibus  srea  puppis, 
Subtrahiturque  solum  :  tam  creber  anhelitus  artni 
Aridaque  ora  quatit :  sudor  fhrit  undique  rivis. 
Attulit  ipse  viris  optatum  casus  honorem. 
W2,    Namque    dum  Namque  furens  animi  dam  proram  ad  saxa  8ubai| 
SergeetuB  fureni  animi  Jnterior,  spatioque  subit  Sergestus  iniquo  ; 
•uburget  proram  i^^^^j^  ^^^^  jn  procurrentibus  hesit 

Concussae  cautes,  et  acuto  in  murice  remi 
Obnizi  crepuere ;  illisaque  prora  dependit. 

NOTES. 

187.  Prior  parte.    The  meaning  is,  that        197.  ^tfa» :  disgrace— ignomiq 

HergestUB  was  ahead,  but  not  by  Uie  whole  ing  the  Uet  to  come  oaU     Ottis 

len^  of  his  galley ;  only  by  a  part  of  it.  thesis  for  iUit  they.    ProcttmbwiUf 

190.  Hiec^ortft  «om:  my  bravocompanioni,  their  oan  with  the  greateet  eaia 

whom  I   choBe,  &c     In  order  to  animate  they  spring  upon  them  with  ail  thMi 
them  the  morc,  he  calls  them  Heetorei^Ma         199.  Solum  tubtrahihtr:   the  * 

bravo  and  valiant  as  Hector.    Nothing  can  drawn  fromunderthem.  Whaterei 

be  more  expresBive.    Sorte:  in  the  sense  of  under  any  thing  as  its  support  aa 

ruifuL,  vel  exiHo,  tion  is  called  in  Latin  tolum^  as  \h 

19*2.  Oalulit:  African.    The  Gatuli  were  a  ship;  the  air  to  a  fowl  on  the  i 

a  pcople  of  Africa,  not  far  froni  Carthage.  rapidly  did  the  gallcy  move  tliat  C 

The  word  is  hcre  used  as  an  adj.     Sjfrtibut:  of  the  sea  seemed  to  withdraw  fr 

Ace  iEn.  i.  111.     Uti:  tunt  is  to  be  supplied.  her. 

193.  lonio  mari,     That  part  of  the  Medi-         201.     Catut   ipte:    chance    Iti 

terranean  lying  between  Epirus,  Italy,  and  chance. 

Sicily,  was  called  the  lonian  sea.     Through        202.  Suburget  proram :  while  1 

or  over  tliis  sea  ^neas  passed  with  his  fleet.  the  prow  to  the  rock  on  the  insidi 

MalecR,     Malese,  a  promontory  of  the  Pelo-  terior^   between   Mnestfaeus  and 

ponncsus  between  the  Siniu  Argolicut  and  taking  a  nearer  course  to  it.    B 

tlie  Sinut  Laeonieut^  extending  about  five  not  Iof\  to  bimself  sufliicient  roon 

miles  into  the  sea.    It  was  dangerout  fcailing  therefore  forced  to  run  htn  gallfT 

ticar  it.    It  gave  risc  to  the  proverb,  Maleam  part  of  the  rock  which  projocted  fi 

legent^  obliviteere^  qua  tunt  domi,    The  epi-  the  other  points  of  the  same  rock 

thet  tequacibut^  given  to  the  waves  of  that  reads  prora  in  the  abl.     Heyue, 

coa^t,  ropresents  them  as   so   many   fierce  and  Valpy,  read  proratn, 
and  devouring  monsters,  that  pursued  ships        203.  Iniquo:  m  the  sense  of  m 
m  order  to  overwhelm  them.  205.    Cauiet  coneutttt :   the  n 

195.  ^uanquam^  d  !    This  is  an  instance  struck.     In  other  words,  the  galli 

«.'hero   Virgil  is  eloquent  even   in  silenco.  a  violent  shock  ;  for  action  and  r 

This  abrupt  excIamaUon  is  more  ezpressive  equal.    Muriee.    Murex   properl 

of  the  mind  of  Mnettheut  than  any  words  the  shell-fish,  of  the  liquor  of  wb 

could  have   been,  cspecially  to  those  who  thought,  purple  color    waa    mad 

saw  the  looks  and  gestures  that  would  ac-  it  is  taken  for  the  prominence 

company  his  voice.     Having  observed  tliat  which  tapers  into  a  sharp  point  lil 

he  did  not  strive   with   an  expectation  of  of  that  fish. 
eonquering,  he  tums  upon  himself :  O  that        206.  Crepuere :  in  tho  sobm  «vf 

/  could  I  but  let  them  conquer,  to  whom,  O  The  prow  ran  or  slid  ap  upmi  th! 

Nciptane,  Chon  hast  giTen  that  honor.  in  that  elerated  ntoation  itiick  fl 


iENEIS.    UB.  V.  ^ 

runt  iiautie,  et  magno  clamore  morantur : 

!»que  sudes,  et  acutA  cuspide  contos 

ini,  firactosque  logunt  in  gurgite  remos. 

9  Mnestheus  successuque  acrior  ipso,  210 

remorum  celeri,  ventisque  vocatis, 
»etit  maria,  et  pelago  decurrit  aperto. 

tpelunc&  siibit6  commota  columba,  t13.  Thlu  qualai  oo- 

lus  et  dulces  latcibroso  in  pumice  nidi,  lumbm;   cui  donms  et 

n  arva  volans,  plausumque  exterrita  pennis     216  ?"**^**  "****  'V"'  "*  *f*^ 
:o  injrentem  :  mox  aere  lapsa  quieto,  commou  ^  •poh.nci.vo. 

er  liquidum,  celeres  neque  commovet  alas:  Un^  fertur  in  arva;  ez* 

»theus,  sic  ipsa  fugft  secat  ultima  Pristis  territaque  dat  infentem 

. ;  sic  illam  fert  impetus  ipse  volantem.  plaueura  teeto  penMie 

ikm  in  scopulo  luctantem  deserit  alto  220  ^ 

im,  brevibusque  vadis ;  frustrkque  vocantem 

et  fractis  discentem  currere  remis. 

an,  ipsamque  ingenti  mole  Chimaeram 

litur ;  cedit,  quoniam  spoliata  magistro  est. 

in(]ue  ipso  superest  in  fine  Cloanthus :  226 

etit,  et  summis  adnixus  viribus  urget. 

rd  ingeminat  clamor  ;  cunctique  sequentem 

t  studiis  :  resonatque  fragoribus  eether. 

rium  decus,  et  partum  indignantur  honorem,  229.  Hi  indipiantur 

mt ;  vitamque  volunt  pro  laude  pacisci.  230  «"  teneant  propnum  de- 

cessus  alit :  possunt,  quia  posse  videntur.  f**  ®'  honorem;fliii  pa^ 

•        .  •  .  •  tum :  voluntaue  Daciaci 

equatis  cepissent  praemia  rostns ;  «««luo  ^•«.«u 

as  ponto  tendens  utrasque  Cloanthus 

que  preces,  Divosque  in  vota  vocftsset : 

us  imperium  est  pelagi,  quorum  aequora  curro ; 

itus  ego  hoc  candentem  in  litore  taunun        236 

NOTES. 

hanore :  noiee— buetle— confuuon.  222.  DtMcentem :  in  the  lenee  of  ienianieau 

• :  are  delajed— «topped.  224.  Cedii :  ihe  jielda— falle  behind. 

ides,  This  waa  a  pole  naed  bj  boat-  225.  Clottnihut  tupereti^  &c    Mneatheue 

ttaually  prefijced  with  iron.    Hence  had  gotten  ahead  of  Sergestue  and  Gjaa, 

it  ferratas.    Hejne  reads  irudet,  and  Cloanthus  remained  alone  to  conteet 

eieri  agmine :  bj  or  with  the  quick  the  prize  with  him.    Him  he  punuea,  and 

*the  oara.    Aerior:  ardeniior^  eaja  preeses  closelj,  Btraining  everj  nerve.    The 

prize  waa  not  to  be  given  to  him,  who  firet 

eiil  prona:  he  eeeka  the  easj  wa-  arrived  at  the  goal,  but  to  him  who  retum- 

Pronut  here  ie  easj — unobetruct-  ed  firat  to  the  poit,  or  place  from  whence 

Man  from  the  worde  which  follow,  thej  set  out. 

rurrit  aperto:  he  rune  on  the  open  228.   Fragorihut.    Some  ancient  mano^ 

■cripte  have  elamorihut^  but  thie  makee  falae 

liZc«  nidi:  the  neete  are  here  put  quantitj.    Tho  other  ie  doubUen  the  troe 

«ngoneamthem^bjmeton.   Cui:  roading.    5/iu/ttf ;  huziaa-.<acclamaUona. 

'!?  ^^  ^at .  *K-[  «;««««  «--.  tK-.        229.  Hi  indignantur:  these  coneider  it  a 
./w,^«^m:thepigeongi7e.the    disgrace,  unlei^TL.    Hi:  Uieee,  meaning 

J^^!l!l.^if^/'n™^^^  Uie^cww  of  CloInUiu..    Hoi,  irveree  «31 

firat  leave.  it,  and  commence.  her    ,^^^^  ^^  ^^  ^^  Mnertheu.. 

i^idum:  in  the  aenM  of  aereum.        231.  J91U :  in  Uio  MnM  of  animat. 
liimug  mquora :  bj  thi.  we  are  to        232.  Et  fort  eepittent :  thej  would  have 

d  the  laat  part  of  the  race — ^that  gotten  to  tho  .hore  together  (   ao  thal  it 

vhich  laj  bejond  the  meta^  or  goal.  could  not  have  been  determined  who  wae 

^ooarii :  in  the  oenae  of  prfFterit,  the  victor,  and  both  received  equal  prisea, 

mdit:  nmplv,  riiallowa.    Here  the  had  not  Cloanthoa,  4cc    For§:  in  the  eenae 

likli  hae  gallej  eliiek.  of /erfojec  ^ 


aSR  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Constituam  ante  aras  voti  reus,  extaque  salsoi 
Porriciam  in  fluctus,  et  vina  li^iuentia  fundam. 
Dixit :  eumque  iinis  sub  fluctibus  audiit  omnis 
Nereidum  Phorcique  chorus,  Panopeaque  vii^ ; 
Et  pater  ipse  manu  maffn&  Portunus  euntem 
Iinpulit.     Illa  Noto  citius  volucrique  8agitt& 
Ad  terram  fugit,  et  portu  se  condidit  alto. 

Tum  satus  AnchisH,  cunctis  ex  more  vocatis, 
Victorem  magn&  pr^conis  voce  Cloanthum 
Declarat,  viridique  advelat  tempora  lauro : 
•^A     tx  X     .      *      Muneraque  in  naves,  ternos  optare  juvencos, 
teniMJaTaicoavinaque,  Vmaque,  et  argenti  magnum  dat  ferre  talentum. 
«t  ferre  magiiuin  talen-  Ipsis  prscipuos  ductoribus  addit  honores : 
tmn  argenti;  qua  erant  Victori  chlamydem  auratam,  quam  plurima  circ&m 
niunera  in  navei.  Purpura  Maeandro  duplici  Melibo^a  cucurrit ; 

850.  Victori  Cloanlho  Intextusque  puer  frondosA  regius  Id& 
dai  auratam  Veloces  jaculo  cervos  cursuque  fatigat, 

Acer,  anhelanti  similis :  queni  prftpes  ab  Id& 
Sublimem  pedibus  rapuit  Jovis  armiger  uncis. 
Longievi  palmas  nequicquam  ad  sidera  tendunt 
Custodes,  saevitque  canuni  latratus  in  auras. 
At,  qui  deinde  locum  tenuit  virtute  secundum, 
Levibus  huic  hamis  consertam  auroque  trilicem 
Loricam,  quam  Demoleo  detraxerat  ipse 

NOTES. 

237.  ReuM  voli,  When  a  person  has  taken  Gyas,  whoae  fool-hardineas  makes  U 
upon  hiinself  a  vow  on  a  certain  condition,  the  victory,  of  which  he  had  the 
he  is  said  to  be  Reus  voti^  ezposed  to,  or  prospecta  at  the  first.  He  seta  fbr 
tiable  for  his  vow.  VVhcn  thc  condition  is  equity  and  liberality  of  ^neas  in  ren 
^ranted  on  the  part  of  the  guds,  he  is  said  Sergostus  for  saving  his  galley,  su 
to  be  damnatfjU  voU  or  damnatua  votis :  bound  could  not  give  him  a  prize  as  a  conqi 
to  the  perforniance  of  his  vow.  See  Ecl.  242.  llla:  towit,  nari*.  Js'oto:  th» 
v.  80.  wind,  put  for  wind  in  i^cneral — the 

238.  Porririam:  in  the  sense  ofprojieiam,  for  the  genut. 

This  verb  propcrly  signifios  to  place  an  ofFer-         250.  Cireian  quam  pturima  :  arouni 

ing  to  the  gods  upon  an  altar  or  otherwise.  very  much  Meliboean  purple  run  in  a 

Liqxuntia:  in  the  sense  oi  pura,  maze.     Meuinder  was  a  river  in  the 

240.  Omnis  chorus :  all  the  choir  of  the  Asia,  running  between  Caria  and  loi 
Nereids,  &c.  The  Nereids  were  Uie  fabu-  the  JCgean  sea.  It  was  eo  full  of  w 
lous  daughters  of  Nereus  and  Doris.  See  and  tumings,  that  the  word  came  to 
£cJ.  6.  35.  Phorci.  Phorcus  or  Phorcys  for  any  tuming  or  windings  whateTC 
was  a  marino  god,  the  son  of  Neptune  and  meMindro^  Ruieus  sayB  fiexu,  Melik 
Terra,  and  father  of  the  Gorgons.  PanO'  a  city  in  Thessaly,  at  the  foot  of 
vea,  one  of  the  Nereids.  Servius  says  she  Ossa,  famous  for  dying  purple.  Hf 
18  here  mentioned  by  name,  because  she  was  as  an  adj. 

the  only  virgin  among  them.  252.  Regius  puer  intextus:  the  re 

241.  Pater  I  ortunut  ipse:  father  Portu-  intcrwoven  in  it,  (the  c/ttomys,^  porm 
nus  himself,  &c.  Portunus,  one  of  the  ma-  his  javelin,  and  with  spced,  iic.  1 
rine  gods,  whose  name  is  derived  from  por-  here  meant  is  Oanymede,  He  wasi 
Ha,  because  ho  presided  ovcr  ports  and  har-  from  Mount  Ida  by  Jove  in  the  fon 
bors.  Euntem  may  agree  eithcr  with  ettm,  eagle,  and  made  cupbearer  to  the 
(to  wit,)  Cloanthum^  understood,  or  with  na-  the  place  oT  Hebe,  Sco  JEn.  i.  28.  i 
vem,     The  sense  is  the  same  in  either  case.  in  tliu  sense  of  tequitur, 

It  may  bo  observed,  that  Virgil  omits  no         255.    Prxpet  armiger  Jovit :    \h 

opportunity  to  instruct,  as  well  as  to  plcase.  winged  armour-bearer  of  Jove — tb 

He  kecps  to  strict  decorum  in  this  first  gamc.  Pliny  observes  tliatlhe  eaglc  is  proof 

Ho  gives  the  palm  of  victory  to  him  who  had  thunder ;  and  tliis  is  the  roason  of  i1 

invoked  the  gods.     He  shows  us,  also,  the  telected  for  Jovo^s  armour-bcarer. 
raaliness  of  youth  punished  in  the  case  of        260.  Loricam  contertauu  &c     T 


iENEIS.    UR  y. 

apud  rapidum  SimoSDta  sub  Ilio  alto, 
habere  viro,  decua  et  tutameu  in  armia. 
im  famuli  Phegeus  Sagarisque  Ibrebant 
licem,  counixi  humeris :  indutus  at  olim 
eus,  cursu  palantes  Troas  agebat.  266 

dona  facit  geminos  ex  lere  lebetas, 
iique  argento  perfecta,  atquc  aspera  signis. 
que  aded  donati  omnes,  opibusque  superbi, 

is  ibant  evincti  tempora  tsnls  :  S69.    ETuicti    ptMd 

BBvo  e  scopulo  multA  vix  arte  revulsus,  270  tempora 

s  remis,  atque  ordine  debilis  uno,  *7^"  ^.^^   ^"'^SlI!** 

1  sine  honore  ratem  Sergestus  agebat.  \^^  rhonoJnii  rovu" 

saepe  via;  deprensus  m  aggere  serpens,  sun  ^  nuvo  »r.opulo  muJ- 

quem  obliquum  rota  transiit,  aut  gravis  ictu  tA  art^,  rcniis  aiiiiMii«. 

?cem  iiquit  saxo  lacerumque  viator :  276  *^"e  debili*  uno  ordin*. 

:quam  ioniros  fuiriens  dat  corpore  tortua ;  .  .^^^*.  ^^^  viaior  gravb 

erox,  ardensque  ocuhs,  et  sibila  colla  lacerumque  saxo; 

j  attoUens ;  |>ar8  vuhiere  clauda  retentat  ^^  jtUera  pMcUudM 

tem  nodos,  seque  in  sua  membra  phcantem. 
migio  navis  se  tarda  movebat :  280 

cit  tamen,  et  plenis  subit  ostia  velis. 
tum  .£nea8  promisso  munere  donat, 
im  ob  navem  letus,  sociosque  reductos. 
rva  datur,  0|>erum  haud  ignara  Minervae, 

genus,  Pholoe,  geminique  sub  ubere  nati.        285     285.  CnmiLquoadf&- 
,  pius  i£neas,  misso  certamine,  tendit  '"?^. "«"«»«  Fboloe,  g«- 

leum  in  campum,  quem  colHbus  undique  curvia      «nuu<|u* 
lant  sylvs :  medi&que  in  valle  tlieatri 
erat ;  qud  se  multis  cum  miliibus  heros 

NOTES. 

!  asaallj  conaisted  of  tevera]   thin  this  meani  all  the  oan  on  one  aide.    Bul 

r  iron  or  braia,  which  were  fastened  thit  cannot  be,  tince  the  galley  had  tlirw 

r  with  hooks  or  rings.     Hence  con"  banks  or  tiera  of  oan  on  a  side. 

kamu,    See   £il.  iii.  467.  and  vii.  273.  Agi^tre  via.    Agger  via  i»  properlj 

the  eminence  or  the  highest  part    of   the 

Mulhplieem*    MuUiplex^  any  thing  road  ;  which  ii  rmised  or  cast  up  in  the  mid- 

ag  of  roany  folds,  or  thickncsses.    Of  dlo  for  the  purpose  of  carrying^  ofT  t)ie  rain. 

et  plieo,  276.  Dai :  in  the  sense  of  muvel  vel  /er- 

Agebat  palantet  TVoat.     The  pcet  mat.     7br/ia:  in  the  senne  of  ^rxti'. 

fs  to  £neas  a  very  high  compliment  278.  Reientai:   in  the  sense  of  moraiur, 

idirect  manner.     For  if  Damoleus  J^ejcantem  nodo$ :  in  the  sense  of  iortfuentem 

e  to  drive  before  him  whole  troops  te  in  nodos.     Heyne  reads',  nodis, 

BDS,  flying  in  confusion  and  dismay :  284.  Serva  daiur.     The  games  hcre  are 

mX  a  hero  must  he  be,  who  slew  this  imitated  from  Homer.      In  that  barbarous 

champion  !  age,  that  one  of  the  prixes  should  be  a  fe- 

Fiatit :  in   the  sense  of  dai,     This  niale,  is  no  matter  of  wonder.     Uaud  igna» 

was  given  to  Gyas,  who  came  in  the  ra :  not  unskilled  in  the  works  of  Miiienra , 

ietor.    Signit  :   with   figures — with  that  is,  in  manufacturos.     ThcCrctnits  were 

irork.  very  skilful  in  manufacturcs  and  tJio  works 

Donatt :  were  rewarded.     The  verb  of  the  loom. 

o  be  supplied.  286.  Cerlamine :    in  the  scnse  of   hsdo 

Rerulnu.     Some  copies  have  remd'  Misto:  in  the  sense  oTJinUo^  vcl  dimisto, 

reeiog  with  raiem  vel  navem,     But  289.  Erat  cirera  theairi.     The  thtatrnm 

,  referring  to  Sergestus,  is  the  most  was  the  place  at  Rome   approfiriaicd    for 

d  reading.    Xfrevulsam  be  read,  thon  sccnical  representations.     Spo  Vmvot.  li.  381 

t  read  deltUem^  instead  of  debilis,  Tho  eirrus  was  destiiied  for  tlie  cohrhratioD 

DeHHs  uno  ordine :  disabled  in  one  of  the  Roman  ganies,  CHpeciaily  hor»ie-races 

'  lisr  of  oars.     Dr.  Trapp  thinks  U  was  built  by  TarqiAtniu*  Prucus.N^«v« 


886  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Consessu  modiufii  tulit,  extructoqiie 
S91.  Hlc  profiii  invi-  Hic,  qui  foit^  vclint  repiflio  contendere  eumii 
tat   aniraoa  eortim,  qui  Invitat  pretiis  animos,  et  pnPiTHa  poDil. 
fortd  velint  Undique  conveniunt  Teucri,  mixtique  Sicani : 

Nisus  et  Euryaliis,  primi. 
Euryalus  form&  insignis,  viridique  jsventA ; 
Nisus,  amore  pio  pueri :  quos  deinde  secutus 
Regius  egregi&  Priami  de  stirpe  Dioree. 
S08.  Saliai,  simul  et  Hunc  SaJius,  simul  et  Patron  ;  quorum  alter  Acani 
Pitroii  tteutui  cMi  huno    Alter  ab  ArcadiA,  TegeflBae  sanguine  gentis. 
300.  Tum  ieeuii  tuni  Tum  duo  Trinacrii  juvenes,  Elymus  Pano|>e8que, 

Trinacrii        ^         Assueti  sylvis,  comites  senioris  AcestSB. 
30^  Preterea  multi  Multi  pneterek,  quos  fama  obscum  recondit. 
M««/t  sunts    quos  ob-  iEneas  quibus  in  mediis  sic  deinde  locutus : 
"^"^  Accipite  hsc  animis,  laetasque  advertite  mentes : 

Nemo  ex  hoc  numero  mihi  non  donatus  abibiu 
906.  Dabo   tu  ferre  Gnossia  bina  dabo  Isvato  lucida   ferro 
bina    OnoMia    spicula  Spicula,  CGBiatamque  argento  ferre  bipennem  : 
lueida  liBvato  fcrro,        Qmnibus  hic  erit  unus  honos.     Tres  pr»mia  primi 

Accipient,  flav&que  caput  nectentur  olivft. 
811.  Aller  vietar  ha'  Primus  equum  phaleris  insignem  victor  habeto. 
Uio  Alter  Amazoniam  pharetram,  pleDamqiie  sagittk 

NOTE8. 

the  mountaini  AvenHnut  and  Palalimu^  for  898.  SaHut,    The  nainas  here  BMil 

tho  celebration  of  gamee  in  imitation  of  the  are  not  of  the  poet'i  invention.    Viai 

Olympic  games.     This  Sicilian  valley,  hav-  that  Saliui  came  into  Italy  with  Efi 

uig  lome  resemblance  to  it,  is  therefore  call-  and  there  instituted  tho  Salian  danoet 

ed  cireus  tkeatri^  the  circuit  of  a  theatre.  waa  performed  by  persona  clad  in  ariM 

See  Geor.  ii.  381.  honor  of  Mars.     Aearnan^  a  nativeof 

290.  Hescdit^  &c.     The  meaning  probabiy  nania :  a  region  of  Epirus. 

is,  that  ^lneas  sat  down  upon  an  eminence  1299.   Tegeaa  geniis,     Tegca  waa  a< 

tliat  had  bcon  erected  for  the  occasiou.     In  Arcadia,  sacred  to  Pan.     Patron  waa 

thi-«  case,  loco  is  to  be  understood  with  ex"  tive  of  this  city,  and  Salius  was  of  I 

iruclo :  on  a  place  built  up.     Ruaius  scoms  Heyne  reads  Areadio^  an  adj.  agreeinj 

to  think  otlierwise :    he  saya,  in  eompotito  sanf^uine:  of  Arcadian  blood.     But 

catiu  resedit.     By  connecting  consessu  witJi  dia  is  the  common  reading. 

txiructo^  he  implies  that  the  company  or  as-  302.  ^uos  fama :  whose  namea,  fiu 

Mmbly  sat    down    on    an    elevated   place.  scurc   by  length  of   time,  hath  coa 

And  it  is  no  way  improbable  that  ^neas,  from  us. 

witJi  somo  of  the  chief  men,  was  «eatcd  in  304.  Mentes :  thoughta— attentioo. 

the  ccntre  of  the  whole  assombly  on  an  ele-  306.     Gnossia  spicula :    Gnussiaa 

vatnd  place,  that  they  might  be  tbe  more  Gnossius^  an  adj.  from  Giwssus^  a  ( 

conspicuous.  Crete,   whoso  darts  and   missive  Wi 

Tiiere  scems  to  be  here  an  allusion  to  the  wcre  very  much  colcbrated.     The  i§ 

custom,  in  the  Ronian  camp,  of  the  general  was  about  iive  fect  long,  tipped  wUl 

in  addrese  his  soldiers  from  the  agger^  or  of  a  triangular  form:   hence  lucidm 

tuggeslus.  ferro :  shining  with  polished  steeL 

292.  Pretiis.     Bj  pretium  we  may  under-  the  sanie  with  the  pituvL,  a  military  w 

■tand   the  value  of  the  rowards;   and,  by  used  by  footmen ;  which   in  a  chargi 

pramia^  the  rcwards  thcrnHcIves.  dartcd  againnt  the  eneniy. 

296.  Pio  amore.     Pius  amor  siirnifies  a  309.  J^ertentur :  thoy  shall  be  bo« 

generuus,   tender,   and    disintercstod    love,  to  tlie  head«  with  yellow  olive.    Thiei 

iudi  as  that  of  parcnts  to  childron.     An  ac-  to  the  conquerors  at  the  Olympio  , 

euunt  of  the  love  of  Euryalus  for  Atna,  we  who  were  crownod  with  garlandf  • 

have  in  the  9th  book,  versc  176,  and  follow-  loaves,  whicli  are  of  a  yeliow  oolofi 

ittg.     Nothing  can  more  forcibly  set  forth  olive  was  sacred  to  Minerva. 

hia  love  for  the  lad,  than  that  tender  ezpox-  311.  Jimaxoniam :  an  Amaioniaa  f 

tulation  in  his  favor,  verse  427  et  eoq.  quod  ono  of  tJie  same  form  with  thoae  tt 

•tf«.  Amazons  used.    They  wera  laid  ti 


JSNEIS.    LIB.  f.  88 

;  lato  quam  circiiinplectitur  auro  812.   Balteiu  i  tato 

st  tereti  subnectit  fibula  gemmA.  ■"'^ 

.rgoliclk  h&c  galeA  contentus  abito. 

bi  dicta,  locum  capiunt,  signoque  repontd     315     315.  Cbi   hm    nau 
it  spatia  audito,  limenque  relinquunt  diota«  pvnut 

Tibo  similes  :  simul  ultima  signant. 
^it,  longeque  ante  omnia  corpora  Nisus 
!t  ventis  et  fulminis  ocyor  alis. 
huic,  longo  sed  proximus  intervallo,  320 

r  Salius.     Spatio  p6st  deinde  relicto,  881.    Deinda,   ■patio 

luryalus.  "^*'^**»  P^»^  SaUum^  E«- 

ique  Elymus  sequitur.     Quo  deinde  sub  ipso       '^r^  'g^S^  ^Z 
it,  calcemque  terit  jam  calce  Diores,  Diores  deinde  Tolat 

is  humero  :  spatia  et  si  plura  supersint,        325 
elapsus  prior,  ambiguumve  relinquat.  326.  Ceriamm 

e  ferd  spatio  extremo  fessique  sub  ipsum  fiMini 

ventabant :  levi  cdim  sanguine  Nisus 

ifelix,  caesis  ut  forte  juvencis  329.  Ut  fort^  er  jo- 

mum  viridesque  super  madefecerat  herbas.  vencw  ciDsii  fiMiM  trai 

nis,  jam  victor  ovans,  vestigia  presso  331  ~P*;  humum,  inadefo. 

.,:♦  •:*.  u«.        I  1         ®     r   .  ceratque  vindes  heroM» 

uit  titubata  solo :  sed  pronus  m  ipso  ^ 

unmundoque  fimo,  sacroque  cruore. 

m  Euryali,  non  ille  oblitus  amorum  :  334.  Ille  non  obHhu 

',  opposuit  Salio  per  lubrica  surgens ;  335  "'  ^luryh,  non  MituM 

1  spissi  jacuit  revolutus  arenA.  "':5^.Tu"brica  hca 

.uryalus,  et  munere  victor  amici  338.  me  Sali%u  jaeuit 

let,  plausuque  volat  fremituque  secundo.  338.  Tenet  prima^p*- 

nus  subit ;  et  nunc  tertia  palma  Diores.  ^  voUtque 

Q  caveoe  consessum  ingentis,  et  ora  340 

NOTES. 

ion  of  femalet  inhabiting  a  part  mie  dttignani  meUai^  says  Hejne.     1  n^ 

Much  is  eaid  of  them  among  nz  their  eyee  steadfastly  upon  the  goaL   IjU 

ts,  the  greater  part  of  which  is  Hma :  tpatia  ia  understood. 
Me.    jiUer:  in  the  eense  of  #*-        313.  chmia  earjfora:  aU  the  reet.    Niaus 

_,  is  to  be  takto  with  ortmitf.     He  gela  tho 

eumpleeliiur.  The  common  read-  gtart  of  all  the  othera. 

same.    Balieut  lato  auro.  Rueus  7™***- 

baUevti  tx  auro,  3d5.  Si  phtra  ^aiia  tupertini :  u  thevt 

inquuni   limen :   thcy  leave  the  ^^  heen  more  distance  to  nin,  he  woaM 

ing  forth  like  a  tempest     Corn-  *»»^o  overtaken  Elymus  and  gotten  ahead 

a :  they  seize  the  first  ground—  «f  *>>»"  J  «'  »^  l»*"^  ^o^  ^  victory  donbtfuL 

Limen.    In  the  Roman  circus,  332.  Haud  lenuU :  did  not  hold  firm  hb 

e  height  of  its  magnificence,  the  tottering  steps,  Stc, 

ed  from  onder  a  kind  of  portico ;  337.  Munere :  in  the  sense  of  ben^fieio. 

I  threfthold  they  leaped.      Hence  339.  Phtt  Elymut  tubU:  aflerward  Ely 

e  to   signify  the  starting  place.  mus  comes  out ;    and  now  Diores  (comee 

rary  eireiUy  such  as  the  ono  here  out)  the  third  victor.    Palma :  the  priie,  or 

a  line  drawn  in  the  sand  served  victory  itself,  put  by  meton.  for  the  vietor 

rier,  or  starting  placo.     Spatium  or  conqueror. 

ippose  to  be  Qio  whole  ground  340.   Inreniii  eaoett.     The  middle  Mii 

een  the  eareer  and  meta.     The  or  area  of  the  Roman  theatre  was  eaUod 

vice  that  distance,  or  divided  in  earea^  becaose    it   was  considerablv  lower 

by  the  meia<t  or  tuming  place.  than  the  other  partii  of  it.    Here  the  com* 

propriety  of  the  plu.  tpatia^  as  mon  people  had  their  seats.     It  was  capable 

the  race  ground.  of  containing  80^000  men.    By  «3MA»  ^^V 

maUt  ko,    Jfoiani  oeulit,  ammo'  for  the  whole  thinli%» 


332  P.  ViRGU.lI  MARONIS 

rrima  patrum  magnis  Salius  clamoribtis  unplet; 
Ereptumque  doio  reddi  sibi  poscit  bonorem. 
Tutatur  favor  Euryalum,  lacbrymaeque  deconB, 
Gratior  et  pulcbro  veniens  in  corpore  virtus. 

S46.    Dtor«f  adjuvat  Adjuvat,  et  maguA  proclamat  voce,  Diores,  34i 

Mun/alum  Q^\  gubiit  palmae :  frustriique  ad  pni;mia  veiiit 

Ultima,  si  primi  Salio  redduntur  bonores. 
Tum  pater  ^Eneas,  Vestra,  inquit,  munera  vobis 
Certa  manent,  pueri,  et  palmam  movet  ordina  nemo. 
Me  liceat  casiis  misereri  insontis  amici.  31 

Sic  fatus,  tergum  Gstuli  immane  leonis 
Dat  Saiio,  villis  onerosum  atque  unguibuB  aurcis. 
Hic  Nisus,  Si  tanta,  inquit,  sunt  praemia  victis,  | 

£t  te  lapsorum  miseret ;  quae  munera  Niso 
Digna  dabis,  primam  merui  qui  laude  coronam         «R 

S56.  Ni  eadem  inimioa  ^i  me,  quae  Saiium,  fortuna  inimica  tuUsset  ? 

^"sIh^"*'  "*'''  ^***  ^^  **"^"*  ^  ^^^^  ^^^®"*  ostentabat,  et  udo 

^^  Turpia  membra  fimo.     Risit  pater  optiinus  oUi, 

362.  Post,  ubi  curaui  Et  clypeum  efferri  jussit,  Didymaonis  artes, 
eonfecti  ntnU  et  peregit.  Neptuni  sacro  Danais  de  poste  refixum.  9l 

dona,    ^neat    inquit :  Hoc  juvenem  egregium  prestanti  munere  doiiat 
Nunc,  li  n/  cui  virtus,      p^g^  ubi  confecti  cursus,  et  dona  pcregit : 
^^S^ry :S:S:   S  ^-0,  «  cui  nnus  a„jm«sque  »  pecto«  pneaen.,      ■ 
attollat  brachia  evinctifl  Adsit,  et  evnictis  attollat  brachia  palmis. 
pahnis  Sic  ait,  et  geminum  pugnae  proponit  bonoretn :         A 

NOTES. 

341.  Salitu  implet  prima  ora:  Salius  filli  whose  lioniare  ndd  to  havebeen  thebi|l 

the  whole  assembly  of  the  hxige  pit,  and  the  and  the  most  Bavage. 

foremost  seats  of  Ihe   fathew,  &c.     Virgil  355.  J^aude :   in  the  Bense  of  «rfirfi 

here  applies  a  verb  to  two  nouns,  though  in  f^rsu.     Coronam:  honor— reward.  Mm 

■trict  propriety  it  euiU  only  one  of  them.  in  the  senie  of  meruistem, 

Implet  eoncessum  I8  very  proper,  but  impiet  3^^    Tulisset.     Thii  verb  here  hai  i| 

pnma  ora  can  onjy  be  uged  in  poeU-y      The  ^^,j^^  aignifibation  :  to  bear  down,  toof 

palres  and  pnncipal  mcn  sat  in  the  first  or  «^          ^^^  ^^^^  ^^     g^^^  ^ 

foremost  «eals;    hence  the    epilhct  pnma.  f^  ^    HjpaJlage:  for  tulissem  inimieamt 

The  meanmg  appears  to  be  this :  that  Sa-  ^„„^^/^1  igT.  ishardly  allowable.  Hi 

/ttMstandmg  before,  or  m  front  of  tlio  »a/rf«  .   i  ^.  *   i-  .  j  :^  *u-  .^^Jl  ^r  ^jl. «.-«.*..•# 

•     .    ?             j          j  j  .u         1        /•  takes  tuliuet  m  tne  sense  ot  oosluutet* 

or   principai   men,  demanded  the   palm  of  t            1.          u-       r  nL 

victory  in    loud   and   vociferous  language,  359.  Jlrtes:   the  workmanship  of  W 

which  liUed  Uie  ears  of  thc  whole  assembiy.  maon.     This  is  a  fictitious  name,  iignigfl 

Pnma  ora  patrum :  in  the  sensc  of  priures  *  ^^^^^^^  <>'  mgenious  workman. 

ordines^  quibus  sentores  sedebant.  360.  Rtfixvm  Danais :  tom  down  hj  ! 

344.  Feniefis :  in  the  scnse  of  existensy  vel  Greeks  from  the  sacred  post  of  Nepttn 

apparens.  temple.      Serviua   thinks   that  this  wtl 

346.  f^enit  ad  ultima  pramia.    The  three  buckler  or  shield,  which  Pyrrhua  hadtd 

first,  by  the  condition  of  the  race,  were  to  from  Neptune^s  temple   in  the  Backinf 

have  a  prize.     And  Diores,  who  was  nezt  Troy;  and  that  afler  his  death  it  feOi 

to  Elymus,  was  entitled  to  the  third  or  last,  thc  hands  of  Helenus,  who  pretented  i 

providcd  Salius  was  sct  aside,  and  Euryalus  ^ncas  at  his  departure  from   Epirui. 

aliowed  to  have  the  first  prize.  was  usual  to  fix  up  arms  won  "rom  the  • 

351.  Ter^nm:  in  the  scnse  of  pellem,  my  on  the  door  posts  of  the  temples,  uO 

352«    Onerosum  villis:   heavy  with  shag  secrated  offerings  to  the  goda. 

and  golden  claws.      The  fur  of  lions   and  363.  Virtus,     Thia,  for  tbe  moet  part,| 

othor    wild    bcosts   w«»re  wom  in   ancient  nifies  military  braveiy,  akill,  and  provn 

titiuifi  liy  pornoTis  of  distinction,  and  thcir  Thcse   the    ancienta   conudored  the  fl 

cIawii    wer»   oAcn    gilt  for  omament  ond  valuable  qualities  and  the  first  virtues. 

nfKiw.     Africa  was  infestod  witli  lions  and  364.  Palmis:  with  his  hands  boiuid  V 

iflhor  H  iJd  bcBstf  of  prey,  e8|  ecially  GcUuUa^  the  gauntlet» 


iENEIS.     LIB.  V.  333 

relatum  auro  vittisque  juvencum  ; 

atque  inaiirnem  gaham,  solntia  victo.  367.  Victo  enfem  at 

rtora :  continud  vastis  cum  viribus  efTcrt  ^"«    inmgnem    galeaa 

es,  magnoque  viriim  se  murmure  tollit :  ^  '•'^  solaiia  ejus, 

li  Paridem  solitus  contendere  contra  :  370 

(  ad  tumuluni,  quo  maximus  occubat  Hector,  371.   ideinque  /)me§ 

n  Buten  immani  corpore,  qui  se  ad  tuiiiulutn,  quo  mtzi 

i  veniena  Amyci  de  gente  ferebat,  muaHecioroccubat^r 

,  et  fulvft  moribundum  extendit  arenl  culii  viciorem  Buteii  im 

.ma  Darea  caput  altum  in  prielia  toliit,  376  ^^^v^"  il"  de"B: 

que  humeros  latos,  alternaque  jactat  bryci&  pente  Anyci,  el 

protendens,  et  verberat  ictibus  auras.  eztendit  eum  inoribvn- 

r  huic  alius :  nec  quisquam  ex  agmine  tanto         ^**"*  ^  ^^^^  arenA. 

dire  virum,  manibusquo  inducere  ca^^tus. 

icris,  cunctosque  putans  excedero  palnift,       380 

tetit  ante  pedes :  nec  plura  moratus, 

r'&  taunim  comu  tenet,  atque  ita  fatur : 

&,  si  nemo  audet  se  credere  pugnae, 

9  standi  ?  qu6  me  decet  usque  teneri  ?  3^  Quftuique  deoet 

[iona  jube.     Cuncti  simul  ore  fremebant         386  "**  **"*" 

iaB,  reddique  riro  promissa  jubebant.  38(5.  PromlMa  ftrmmU 

ravis  Entellum  dictis  castigat  Accstes,  ^^^ 

3  ut  viridante  toro  consederat  herbs : 

heroum  quondam  fortissime  frustrii, 

NOTES. 

elahtm  auro  vUiisque :  omamented  on  the  condition  that  they  would  tiy  tiM 

and  fillot»— einaply,  golden  fiHets,  gauntlet  with  him.     He  was  at  laet  van- 

idis,     It  wae  cuetomary  to  adom  quished  and  slain  by  PoUuz,  one  of  the  Ar- 

with  fillete,  and  gild  their  hornfi,  gonauta. 

n  they  were  deiigned  for  eacrifice,  379.  Audet  adire  virum :  daree  engage  tbt 

Rvhen  they  were  to  be  given  away  man,  and  draw  the  gauntlete  on  his  handa. 

M  of  mcrit.  It  is  not  easy  to  say  what  was  the  exacl  na« 

aridem.     Paris,  the  son  of  Priam,  ture  of  the  coMitus.     Some  take  it  to  be  a 

Bsoloteandeffeminateinhismorals,  kind  of  club  or  hludgeon,  with  lead  at  the 

*a]ly  strong  and  valiant,  as  appears  end.     It  is  niore  probable,  however,  it  waa 

ner,  and  always  behaved  himself  a  sort  of  leathero  ffuard  for  the  hands  and 

ms.     He  is  said  to  have  been  su-  arms,  composed  of  thongs,  aad  filled  with 

^ectorin  the  gauntlet  fight.    Mur*  lcad  to  add  force  and  weight  to  the  blow- 

plause— ehouts  of  applause.  It  was  bound  about  the  hands  and  anns,  as 

\uo  mazimuM  Heelor,     It  is  said,  high  as  the  elbows,  both  as  a  guard,  and  to 

deatli  of  Hector  there  was  a  truce  keep  them  from  slipping  oC    Tbis  explaina 

aonths  between   the   Greeks  and  evineiis  palmiM^  364,  supra. 

dnring  which  games  were  celebra-  To  this,  the  account  which  Virgil  here 

le  latter  at  Hector's  tomb  on  the  gives  of  the  weapon  best  ames.    Tne  word 

ry  of  Sigenm;  where  Dares  distin-  eastuM  moet  probably  is  derived  from  the 

limselr*  word  eado,    The  gauntlet  fight  was  so  cruel 

ulen  pereuHi :  he  smote  victorious  and  bloody  that  the  celebratod  Lyeurgus 

hnge  body,  who  boasted  tliat  he  niade  a  law  forbidding  the  Spartans  to  prac- 

>m  the  Bebrycian  race  of  Amycus,  tise  it. 

I  Butes  here  mentioned  was  not  38O.  Exeedere  palmd  :  to  declme  or  leava 

r  Amycns  and  fatner  of  Eryx,  for  the  prixe— to  depart  from  it 

TZ^^L^^J^^^^WnuZk  i^n^ihl  381.  Plura maraius.    RumuM says, diuHus 

l^^TJlTjn!^  ^r«Vr  ^  '««^~-    P^ra  here,  properly  an^adj.  neu. 

^Jrl^^lTo^^,'^' "^  "^  pIu.istakenadverbiauUTnJuUooiftha 

eWuL    This   was   the  original  ^"»«*"-        .     .     , 

lythinia,  a  provmce  of  Asia  Minor.  384.  Siandi  :  m  the  aense  of  expeHattdL 

ycna  reigned.    He  is  said  to  have  385.  Fremebani  ort :  they  all  eoi^teea^^ 

•o  peraoi&  into  his  dominiona,  onijr  approbatioo  with  tbab  VMnatba 


m  P.  VlRGILIl  MARONIS 

390.  Tam-iic  patiens  Tantane  tam  patiens  nullo  certamine  toRi  i 

•^il!;,^*"^^^''"*  *°"*    -  I>ona  "nes?  ul>i  nunc  nobi«  Deus  ille,  mairistcr 

391.  Ijbi    nunc    eti  i^r       •  *.       -r»        i     u-  ^ 

Ervx,  ille  Deus  nobis,  Nequicquam  memoratus,  Eryx  ?  ubi  fiuna  |>er  omiim 

nequicquam  menioratui  Trinacriam,  et  spolia  illa  tuis  peiidcntia  tectis  ? 
iuut  magiRtcr.'    Ubi  est  Ilie  sub  hasc:  Non  laudis  amor,  nec  gioria  ceasit 
hm  fama  ineijtta  Pulsa  metu  :  sed  enim  gelidus  tardante  senecti         S 

Sanguis  hebet,  frigentque  efTcetie  in  corpore  nres. 
397.   Si,  si  nune  illa  Si  mihi,  quse  quondam  fuerat,  quAque  improbus  iala 

^^^^dLn^ftT^  T^'  ^"*  Exultat  fidens,  si  nunc  foret  iila  juventa ; 

QDon         uera  Haud  equidem  pretio  inductus  pulchroque  juvenco 

Venissem  :  nec  dona  moror.     Sic  deinde  locutM,     41 
In  medium  geminos  immani  pondere  caestus 
Projecit :  quibus  acer  Eryx  in  praelia  suetus 
Ferre  manum,  duroque  intendere  brachia  tergo. 
404.    Animi  tpeetato'  Obstupuere  animi :  tantorum  ingentia  septem 

boum  rigebant  plurabo  ^"^®  onines  stupet  ipse  Dares,  longeque  recunt : 
ferrofiue  inauto.  Magnanimusque  Anchisiades,  et  pondus,  et  ipsa 

IIuc  illuc  vinclorum  immensa  volumina  versat. 
Tum  senior  tales  referebat  pectore  voces : 
Quid  si  quis  caestus  ipsius  et  Hercuiis  anna  41 

Vidisset,  tristemque  hoc  ipso  in  litore  pugnam  ? 

413.  Cemifl  ea  adhue  Hsec  germanus  Eryx  quondam  tuus  arma  gerebat. 
inf<M:ta  Sanguine  cernis  adhuc  fractoque  infecta  cerebro. 

414.  Ego  Buetus  tum  jijg  magnum  Alciden  contra  stetit :  his  ego  suetus, 

SSS^^daLviTes^^mtAi!  2"""  '"^I''''"  "^"^^  sanguis  dabat,  lemula  necdum        41 
necdumemula  senectus  reniporibus  gemmis  canebat  sparsa  senectus. 
■parsa  canebat  Sea,  si  nosti*a  Dares  hsec  Troius  arma  recusat, 

NOTES. 

394.  Sub:  in  the  sonse  of  od.     Inquit^oT  gauntlet.     If  the   viclorj   fell  to  Eryz, 
a  vcrb  uf  tho  sainc  iuiport,  is  undcrstood.  was  to  havo  the  oxon;  and  if  be  wcre  fi 
AVm:  in  the  sciise  of  nte,  quinhcd,  the  itdand  of  Sicilj  was  to  faU 

395.  Enim:  iti  tho  sense  of  equidem,  He-  Herculos.  Souie  say  une  uf  the  oxen  pui 
het :  is  chillcd.  Tardanle:  enfeebling* old  ovcr  into  Sicilj  and  was  taken  bv  Ei] 
ago.  wlio  refused  to  gise  it  up,  which  occasioi 

396.  Frigent:  fail.  In  the  sense  of  torpent,  thc  combat. 

400.  Moror:    valuo — ^rcgard.      Prcemium        412.  7\iut  germantu  Eryx :  your  broU 

nofi  euro^  says  Hcyne.  Eryz.     Sce  verse  24,  supra. 

403.  Tergo:  pruperly  the  back  ;  by  mr/on.         4\3.  Fracto,  Thisisthe  readingof  Hsf 

the  hide  or  skin.     Ferre  manwn  in  prcelia  :  on  tho  authority  of  Heinsius,  Bunniai 

to  engagc  in  fight;  a  phrase.     Intendere:  in  and  others,  as  he  informs  us.     The  couui 

the  sense  of  cingere,  rcadingr  is  tparto,     The  eense  is  tbe  M 

406.  Longi :  in  tiie  sense  of  valde  vel  ve-  wilh  cithcr. 

kementer,     Rerusat:  dccHnos  the  fight.  414.  Aleiden:  Hercules,  who,  thoufh: 

407.  Anchiiiniif'.t :  the  son  of  Anciiises —  reputed  son  of  Jupiter  and  Alcmene,  i 
Aneas.     A  patronyiuio  noun.  alMu  called  Amphitryoniadet^  from  Awf 

408.  Vinclorum :  by  syn.  for  Hnrulorum :  tryo^  thc  husband  of  Alcmene ;  and  Akk 
the  c(fstus  or  ^auntiots  with  which  tlieir  froin  Alcctut  the  fathcr  of  AmphitrtfO,  \ 
hands  and  arins  were  bound.  iEn.  vi.  UOX, 

409.  Senior:  naincly,  Entellus.  415.  ^ilmula  teneetut:  envious  age, : 
411.  Trislan  pu^ram,     The  fight  is  callcd     yet  spread   ovor    my    templcs,   &c     1 

tristem^  sad   or  wuful ;   becausc  Eryx  was  mcaning  is :  while  ofd  age  had  not  yet 

slam.     The  occasiun  of  the  comhat  is  said  vorcd  his  head  with  gray  hairs.     Some  i 

to  havo  becn  tiiis :    Hcrcules  havin^  slain  old  af^o  is  hcre  callcd  (amula)  enviMCfi 

Otryony  king  of  Spaiii,  was  rctuniing  witii  cauHC  it  is  apt  to  envy  the  strength  and  H 

hiii  booty,  whicli  was  a  herd  of  finc  oxcn.  of  youth,  and  emulate  their  feats  in  li 

i\\  his  way  having  vi^ited  Sicily,  he  receivcd  liut  it  may  be  called  enrtoui  on  ^'T^*^ 

I  oliaJlen;^e  from  Erys  to  fight  him  with  the  the   many    evili   and  infirmitiet   w hidl 


^NEIS.    LIB.  V. 


Mh 


pio  sedet  Muem^  probat  auctor  Acestes ; 
lus  pugnas.     Erycis  tibi  terga  remitto ; 
metus :  et  tu  Trojanost  exuc  csestus.  420 

&tus,  duplicem  ex  humeris  dejecit  aniictum : 
Biagnos  membrorum  artus,  magna  ossa,  lacertosque 
;  atque  ingens  medi&  consistit  aren&. 
'.  Taiq  satus  Aochisft  caes^us  pater  extulit  uquos, 
paribus  pnlmas  amborum  innexuit  armis.  425 

itit  in  digitos  extempld  arrectus  uterque, 
ique  ad  superas  interritus  extulit  auras. 
loxere  retro  longd  capita  ardua  ab  ictu : 

mtque  manus  manibus,  pugnamque  iacessunt 
pedum  melior  motu,  fretusque  juventA ;  430 

i^  membris  et  mole  valens  :  sed  tarda  trementi 
lua  labant :  vastos  quatit  aeger  anhelitus  artus, 
viri  nequicquam  inter  se  vuinera  jactant ; 
Lulta  cavo  lateri  ingeminant ;  et  pectore  vastos 

sonitus :  erratque  aures  et  tempora  circum       436 
'i^ebra  manus  :  duro  crepitant  sub  vulnere  malie. 
it  gravis  Entellus,  nisuque  immotus  eodem  : 

»re  tela  modd  atque  oculis  vigilantibus  exit. 
k,  velut  celsam  oppugnat  qui  moiibus  urbem, 
^tlt  montana  sedet  circum  castella  sub  armis ;  440 

ituic  hoe,  nunc  ilios  aditus,  omnemque  pererrat 
locum,  et  variis  assultibus  irritus  urget. 
indit  dextram  insurgens  Entellus,  et  alte 
ilit :  ille  ictum  venientem  k  vertice  velox 
'^widit,  celerique  eiapsus  corpore  cessit.  445 

^-^lelius  vires  in  ventum  efiudit,  et  ultrd 
«'^tae  gravis,  graviterque  ad  terram  pondere  vasto 
^^^^mcidit :  ut  quondam  cava  concidit  aut  Enrmai] 


424.  Tum  pator  .<£«ie«i 
Mtui  Anohii4  eztolit 


439.  lUe^Telutqui  op- 
pugnat  molibui  ^seliM 
urbem,  aut  ledet  Bub  ai^ 
mb  circum  montann  cae- 
tella,  nunc  pererrat  hoa, 
nune  iUos  adituw,  om- 
nemque  locum  aite. 


Erymantho, 


448.  Ut  quondam  cava 
pmuB  eruta  radicibua« 
concidit  aut 


NOTES. 


k, 

r 


^^ ^.  along  with  it,  and  the  little  comfort 

'^^rields, ae  if  it  envied  man  the  enjoyment 
^V  Ufe.    JEmuIa :  in  the  scnse  of  invida, 

418.  Sedei:  in  the  ■enee  ofplaeei  vei  oro^ 
Auctor:  the  author  or  adviser  or  the 

ibat. 

419.  Terga :  the  gauntlete  of  Eryx. 
4S3.  EJtuii:  in  the  senBe  of  nudavit* 
4S5.  Jnnexuit :  bound  the  handB,  &c. 

.  In  digitot:  upon  their  toee.     Each 

tiptoe  that  the  blow  might  fall  with 

more  force. 

49U.  lUe^meliormotu:  the  former  (Dares) 

ip  tnora  active  in'the  movementB  of  his  feet, 

wd  reljing  upon  his  jouth ;  the  latter  (En- 

iHDos)  excellingr,  Slc, 

431.  Membrit  et  mole :  Bimplj,  the  Bize  of 
hie  Kmbe,  by  hend. 

432.  Taiitajanua  labant :  his  feeble  kneee 
totler  uAder  him  trembline.    Hard  breath- 

4S3.  /fequicqtuim :  in  vain,  becauee  they 
fpm  without  effect.  f^utnera :  in  the  BenBO 
•TMfif. 

-434.  hngeminanl :  thej  repeat. 

'435«  Srrmt:  moTee,  or  paeBea  around^  ^ 


420.  Oravit :  in  the  Bense  ot  jinmu, 
43&  Modh  exit:  he  only  with  hiB  bodj 
and  watchful  eyes  avoidB  the  blowB.     Exii: 
in  the  Benee  of  evUat  vel  eludit^     Tetai  for 
ietut, 

439.  Molibut:  with  batterioi:  enginea, 

441.  Pererrat:  in  the  Benee  of  ur^utrtl. 

442.  Irritut:  being  foiled-^Bappointed 
— bafflod. 

445.  Elaptut  eetnt :  Bimply  for  elabitur. 

447.  Et  iptegravit^graviterque :  and  heavj 
he  foll  heavily  to  the  groimd  with  hiB  vast 
weighti  Tho  graviterque  appearB  to  be 
merely  expletive.  The  BonBo  is  complote 
without  it.  EntelluB  had  raised  himself  with 
the  intention  of  giving  a  heavier  blow  to 
DaroB,  who,  having  obBorved  it,  elipt  from 
the  Btroke.  By  thoBO  meane  his  own  na- 
tural  weight,  and  the  impetuB  he  gave  to 
himBolf,  brought  him  to  the  ground.  Or  the 
gravit  may  refer  to  his  unwieldy  gi7.tt  and 
bulk,  while  the  gravUer  referB  to  the  vio- 
lence  of  the  shock  he  gave  himself  in  niifleing 
the  blow  aimed  at  Darea.  But  thia  ia  rather 
a  refinement. 

448.  Erymantho:  F*ymanthni  waa  a  fa* 


c- 


M6  P.   VJRGlLll  MAROMS 

Aut  Idft  in  niagnft,  radicibus  eruta  puius. 
4^,  IHveraii  atudiis      Consui^unt  studiis  Teucri  et  Trinacria  puben :  4i 

It  clainor  ccelo  :  priinusque  accurrit  AcesteA, 
ifiquffivumque  ab  humo  miserans  attollit  amicuni 
At  non  tardatus  casu,  neque  territus  heros : 
Acrior  ad  pugnani  redit,  ac  vim  suscitat  ira  : 
Tum  pudor  incendit  vires,  et  conscia  virtus  :  41 

Pnecipitemque  Daren  ardens  agit  equore  toto ; 
Nunc  dextr&  ingemiuans  ictus,  nunc  ille  sinistHL 
Nec  mora,  nec  requies :  qu&m  multft  grandine  niiuhi    4 
Cuhninibus  crepitant ;  sic  densis  ictibus  heros 
Creber  utr&que  manu  pulsat  versatque  Dareta.  41 

461.     Pater     ^neas      Tum  patcr  iEneas,  procedere  longiilks  iras, 
haud  piMus  esi  iras         e^  g^yj^  timndB  Entellum  haud  passus  aoerbiB : 

Sed  finem  imposuit  pugnae ;  fessumque  Darota 
Eripuit,  mulcens  dictis,  ac  talia  iatur : 
Infelix !  quee  tanta  animum  dementia  cepit  ?  4| 

Non  vires  alias,  conversaque  numina  sentis  ? 
Cede  Deo.     Dixitque,  et  prselia  voce  diremit. 

468.  Aet  fidi  equales  ^g^  iHum  fidi  aequales,  irenua  lefirra  trahentem. 
ducunt  lUuin  ad  naven.  t     ^     ^  ?*  ' 

trahantemque  0|rra  ^e-  Jactantemque  utroque  caput,  crassumque  cruorem 

nna  Oi^  ejectantem  miztosque  in  sauguine  dentes,  ^ 

Ducunt  ad  naves  :  galeamque  ensemque  vocaii  ; 

Accipiunt :  palmam  Entello  taurumque  relinquunt. 

Hic  victor,  superans  animis,  tauroque  superbus, 

Nate  De&,  vosque  hec,  inquit,  cognoscite,  Teucri, 

Et  mihi  quas  fuerint  juvenili  in  corpore  vires,  4 

476.  Et  k  qua  morto  gt  ^^^  servetis  revocatum  k  morte  Dareta. 

Dixit :  et  adversi  contra  stetit  ora  juvenci, 
400.  Arduuaquo,  dex-  QuJ  doniim  adslabat  puffnae :  durosque  reducti 

tra  reducta,  Iibravit  du-  1  ••        •.    1     .  *         r     •   *  ^. 

ro8  ciEstus  inler  media  ^ibravit  dextrft  media  mter  cornua  csBstus 

cornua,  illiHitque  eos  in  Arduus,  eflractoque  illisit  in  ossa  cerebro.  4 

oesa,  cerebro  eflfracto,      Stemitur,  exanimisque  tremens  procumbit  humi,  boi 

« 

NOTES. 

mouB  wood  and  mountain  in  Arcadia,  where  466.  Jfon  tenUa  alioM  vireM  :  do  joo 

Hercules  hIow  Uie  colebrated  boar.  perceive  other  atrength,  and  the  gods  ll 

453.  At  keros  non  lardaiut :  but  the  hero  changcd  ?    ^lieu  viret :    other    or   fam 

not  disabled,  nor  terrified  bj  the  fall,  &c  strcngth — ^that  which  jou  did  not  ezpec 

By  tlie  rules  of  the  combut,  if  one  fell,  the  be  exerted  against  jou,  and  therelore  iti 

other  was  not  to  take  Uie  advantag^e  of  it,  vain  to  contend.     Cede  Deo,     Bj  the 

but  allow  him  timc  to  riiie  and  retum  to  the  here  menUoned  we  are  to  undenland 

tif^ht.  one  by  whom  Entellua  was  aided;  peil 

45!).  Sic:  in  the  vense  of /am,  correepond-  Eryx^  whom  Uie  Sicilians  had  deified. 

ing  wilh  ^uam  in  tlie  preceding  line.    AVm-  470.    £yer/an/em;   aome  eopiet  ban 

ht :  stornis.  jeciantem,  Pieriui  prefera  Uiia.    Heyne  p 

463.  Enpuitfesmm  Dareia:  he  regcued  geeianiem;  ao  alao  Heinsiua  and  DaTi4 

weary  Dares.  Virijil  follewa  Homer  throuirh-  .-„    „                  .    .,                 »  ,  , 

out  these  games,  but  has  varied  from  him^in  ^^^.  Superam ;  m  Uie  muimi  of  i«l«i 

Uiei88ueofUiecombat,wiUijudgment,and  476.    Revoeaium:    reacoed-— freed— < 

with   an  improvcment  of  Ihe  moral.     He  ▼®red. 

gives  his  readers  Uie  pleaaure  of  leeing  an  478.  Domim:  in  Uie  aenee  of  pnmi^ 

arrogant  boaater  humbled  by  an  infirm  old  481.  Siemiiur:  the  ox  fails,  and  trealj 

man,  roused  by  his  courage  to  engage  in  an  &c.     Thii  ▼erse  Semue  thinks  a  rwj 

nnequal  contest.     Whereas  in  Homer,  the  one,  becauae  it  ends  with  a  moiioeju 

vounger  and  the  stronger  vanquiehea  the  Mr.  Davidson  thinka  it  is  to  bo  adiimi 

nure  fecbln,  which  contributea  nothing  to  that  verj  reaaon.    Thia  abrajH  «ndia 

Ite  ourprine  or  pleaaure  of  the  readei.  the  Yorae,  saja  he«  ia  lil^e  a  mb  faa  a  pm 


i 


iKNlilS.    LIB    V  83?, 

!r  tales  efliKlit  pcctoro  voces :  4S2.  Super  b<w 

>i,  Kryx,  nielioreni  aiiiiiiani  pro  morte  DaroCii 
> :  liic  victor  cft;8tus  arteinque  repono. 
\iis  .^neatf  €*^lcri  certare  sagittA  485 

qui  forte  velint,  et  prcemia  ponit : 
ue  manu  malum  de  nave  Seresti 

et  voiucrem  trajecto  in  fune  coiumbam,  **8^  El  luspendit  sb 

dant  femim,  malo  suapendit  ab  alto.  ta^bS^  ▼olucrcm  cu- 

;re  viri :  dejactamque  oerea  sortem  490 

galea  :  et  primus  claniore  secundo 

ia;  ante  omnes  exit  iocus  Hippocoontis  •  ^W.  Locuii  Hippoco»n- 

iod6  navaU  Mnestheus  certamine  victor  «„: /Jlr?"* /'*^  ''" 

iitur,  vindi  Mnestheus  evmctus  oliv&.  ^     E      ti 

Eurytion,  tuus,  6  clarissime,  frater,  496  ^„    ^^^,  ^ 

:  qui  quondam,  jussus  confundere  fcedus, 
3s  telum  torsisti  primus  Achivos. 
is  gale&que  im&  subsedit  Acestes, 
t  ipse  manu  juvenum  tentare  laborem. 
vaiidis  ilexos  incurvant  viribus  arcus,  600 

|uisque,  viri,  et  depromunt  tela  pharetris :  W^-  Tum  Yin.  qni»- 

le  per  ccelum  nervo  stridente  sagitta  2^*  i''^^.*"'  ««^«^» 

lae  juvenis  voiucres  diverberat  auras, 
,  adversique  infigitur  arbore  mali. 
it  malus,  timuitque  exterrita  pennis  606 

higenti  sonuerunt  omnia  plausu.  606.  Onmia  Uea 

sr  Mnestheus  adducto  constitit  arcu 


NOTES. 

brcee  him  to  stop  and  dweU  opon  496.  Pandart,    Pandarut  wts  the  Mn  of 

l  with  attention.  Lycaon.     Homer  makes  him  to  have  broken 

feliorem :  either,  becauae  brute  vic-  the  truce  Uonfundere  fttdut)  betwcem  thc 

)  more  acceptable  to  the  godi  than  Grceks  and  Trojani,  when  they  had  agreod 

ictinis ;'  or  it  aUudea  to  the  second  to  put  the  decision  of  the  war  upon  the  issue 

rhjch,  when  the  first  escaped,  were  of  a  single  combat  between  Paris  aiid  Me- 

id  in  thbir  room,  and  were  called  nelaus;     Paris  was  rescued  by  Vcuuk.  whcn 

better.    Jinimam:*ui  the  sense  of  he  was  nearly  overcome.    Juno,  unwilling 

that  the  disastor  of  Troy  should  so  soon  be 

\eponoy  &c.    This  is  an  allusion  to  terminated,  urged  Jupiter  to  bring  about  a 

mtors   in  after  time^  who,  when  violation  of  tlie  truce.    He  employed  Mi> 

exemptad  them  from  practising  the  nerva  as  hls  agent  in  the  business.     By  hor 

up  the  arms  of  thoir  profession  on  persuasion,  Pandarus  shot  an  arrow  among 

MMts  of  the  tmnple  of  Hercules.  the  Greeks  at  Menelaus,  which   rekindled 

•  in  the  sense  of  immolo,  the  war.  /  The  epithet  elaritnme^  w  given  to 

%genti</ue  manu:  iEneas  may  not  him  as  being  a  distinguished  archer.     Ho- 

I  his  own  hand ;  for  men  are  otlen  mer  equals  him  to  ApoUo.    He^  was  at  last 

lo  what  they  order  to  be  done  by  killed  by  Diomede. 

Ueyne  says,  magna  muUUudine,  498.  Aeeatea  tubaedit.    Acestcs  remained 

ifunetrtgee^:  byaropeputthrough  the  last  in  the  bottom  of  tJie  helmet:  that 

;  trajeeto  per  mahm,     yoluerem:  is,  the  lot  of  Acestes. 

;     Ferrum:  for  aagittam.  501.  Tela :  in  the  sense  of  aagittte. 

^rea  gaiea  aeeepit^  «c.     In  war,  and  502.  Sagitta  turenia  Hyrtacidte :  tlie  ar- 

ildievB,  a  helmet  supplied  the  place  row  of  the  youth  Hippocoon  first,  &c   Stri» 

I  to  receive  the  lota.  dente  nervo:  from  the  whizxing  string. 

fipppeoontia.     HippocoSn,  the  son  503.  Foluerea  auraa :  the  light  air. 

ua.    Homer  aays  he  was  cousin  to  504.  Arbore  mali :  in  the  wood  of  tliemaat 

rho  was  slain  by  Ulysses  and  Dio-  505.  THmuit :  fiuttered  witl^  her  wing»-~ 

lie  Bnfi  night  aner  his  arriTal  on  the  ezpressed  signs  of  fear. 

lonu    Sm  iEIn.  i.  469.    Locua:  in  506.  Irigenti  plauau :  with  loud  shouta,  or 

•f  j»f9  acclamations  or  the  spectaloTa* 

2S 


P.  VIRGILII  MAKONIS 

Alta  petens,  pariterque  oculoe  telumqae  tetenflit  s 

Ast  ipsam  miserandus  avem  contingere  ferro 

Non  valuit :  nodos  et  vincula  linea  nipit, 

Queb  innexa  pedem  malo  pendebat  ab  alto. 

Illa  Notos  atque  atra  volans  in  nubila  fugit. 

Tum  rapidus  jamdudum  arcu  content»  parato 

Tela  tenent,  fratrem  Eurytion  in  vota  rocavit : 

615.  Jim   ■peealatm  ^^„1  vacuo  Istam  cceIo  specuiatus,  et  alis 

eolumbam  letom  m  va-  piaudentem  nigrt  figit  rab  nube  colambam 
cuo  ccElo,  et   plauden-  ^     .,.,  .  ^       .f  i»     «^  •       __: 

tein  alis,  figit  etan  eab     Decidit  exanimis,  vitamque  reuqiot  m  astns 

Aeriis,  fixamque  refert  delapea  tagittam. 
Amissft  solus  palmA  superabat  Acestes : 
Qui  tamen  aethereas  telum  contorsit  in  aurms, 
Ostentans  artcm  pariter  arcumque  ■onantem. 
Hic  oculis  Bubitd  objicitur  magnoqve  iuturum 
^^aJI"^^    o»tui  Augurio  monstrum :  docuit  p&rt  exitus  ingens, 
docmt  hoe  poit  Seraque  terrifici  cecinerunt  omina  vates.  * 

Namque  volans  liquidis  in  nubibus  arsit  anindo,       i 

Signavitque  viam  flammis,  tenuesque  receflsit 

5J7.  Ceu  MBpe  ndera  Consumpta  in  ventos :  ccelo  ceu  siepe  refixa  i 

refixa  ^  ocdIo  traiwcar-  Transcurrunt,  crinemque  volantia  fldera  ducant.      n 

ninu  volanuaque  Attoriitis  hss^re  animis,  Superosque  p»«cati  ; 

Trinacrii  Teucrique  viri :  nec  raaximus  omen         ^ 
Abnuit  iEneas :  sed  Istum  amplexus  Aceeten  "< 

Muneribus  cumulat  magniS)  ac  talia  fiitar  *  j 

a 
NOTES.  f 

&10.  Jiodos  et  linea  vinetUa  rupit :  he  cut  the  ordmaiy  coune  of  events.    It  b 

thc  knot8,and  thehempon  cords,  with  which,  moruiro;  because  prodigiet  were  thom 

being^  tied  by  the  foot,  &c.     M r.  Pope,  in  be  sent  firom  heaven  to  signify  aome  ril 

comparing  the  games  of  Homer  and  Virgil,  able  future  event.     Thia  one  preeagli 

owns  that  Vir|il  has  outdone  his  master  by  buming  of  the  fleet  of  JEneaa.   SulnAB 

the  addition  of  two  circumstanccs  that  make  is  the  common  reading.     Heyne,  aftel 

&  beautiful  gradation.     In  Homer,  the  first  sius,  rcads  subiiunu 
archcr  cut«  the  string  that  held  the  bird,  and         534^  Ceeintntni  :    they    interpretd 

thc  othcr  shoots  him  as  he  is  mountinff.     In  omens  late. 

Virgil,  tlie  lirst  only  hits  the  mark,  the  se-         Servius  explains  tera  by^rarta,  otiK 

cond  cuts  the  string,  the  third  shoots  him,  fuiura^  and  Cerdanus  by  tarda.    T\i 

and  the  fourth,  to  show  the  strcngth  of  his  „,00  aceptation  of  the  word  is  the  ■ 

arm,  dirocls  his  arrow  up  to  heaven,  where  implying  that  the  soothsaverB  coulff 

it  kindles  into  a  flame,  and  makcs  a  pro-  nothing  of  the  omen,  tUl   the  ev^ 

^^ZY'  placo ;  and  then,  when  it  was  too  1 

512.  Fttsit  in  nofos :  jrotu»  is  properly  the  avert  it,  and  the  shipa  on  fire,  they  I 
touth  wind.  SomeUmes  it  is  put  for  any  tliat  this  must  bave  been  tho  thing  4 
wind.     Ilcre  it  seems  to  be  used  fnr  the  air  ),»  ^^  prodiffv. 

•imply ;  wind  being  onJy  air  pul  in  moUon.  ^    ^,  .           ,  bain  of  light. 

Jn  nubes  ac  calum  evolavtt^  says  Heync.  *■ 

513.  Tttm  rapidus  Eurytinn:  tlien  intre-  529.  HdMtre  attomtis  :  they  ito« 
pid  Eurytion,  a  long  time  holding  the  arrow  Mtonishod  mmd».  Rueua  says  :  rf 
cxtended  on  his  ready  bow,  &c.     Servius  ftup^aeti  animo, 

says  tliat  Pandarus  was  worshipped  as  a        531.  JEneas  abnuit :  nordid  greal; 

hcro  among  Uie  Lycians.     Tliis  oxploins  the  reject  the  omcii ;  but  embracing  joyfll 

conduct  of  FuryUon  in  invoking  him,  in  this  tes,  &c     He  accepted  it,  considenng 

:ritical  moment,  to  direct  liis  arrow.  propitious  or  favorable  to   him.    I 

520.  Contorsit :  the  reading  of  Heyne  is  probably  led  to  this  from  ita  reeembii 

eontendit.  that  which  shone  from  the  head  of  wli 

523.    Jfonsfrum  :    hore   a  prodigy,    and  his  son.     See  £n.  ii.  680.     It  appeai 

about  to  bo  of  great   imporC  is  siiddcnly  this  that  the  soothsayers  had  notyt 

pretented  to  our  eycs.     Munstrum  Kignifirs  prrtod  the  omen:   otherwise  ^neil 

aav  thing  Uiat  is,  or  happens,  contrary  to  nut  have  received  it  with  jov* 


iBNEIS.    LIB.  V. 


8M 


mm  te  ▼oluh  rex  magnus  Olympi 
B  exsortem  ducere  honorem. 

longflBvi  hoc  munus  habebis :  636 

8um  signis,  quem  Thracius  olim 

ri,  in  inapno  munere,  Cisseus 

at  monumentum  et  pignus  amoris. 

:  viridanti  tempora  lauro, 

)  omnes  victorem  appellat  Acesten      6)0 

jrtion  pnelato  invidit  honori, 

ivem  cchIo  dejecit  ab  alto. 

ditur  donis,  qui  vincula  rupit : 

cri  qui  fixit  arundine  malum. 

eas,  nondum  certamine  misso, 

iae  comitemque  impubis  liiU 

,  ct  fidam  sic  iatur  ad  aurem  : 

iscanio,  si  jam  puerile  paratum 

Bcum,  cursusque  instruxit  equorum, 

las,  et  sese  ostendat  in  armis, 

omnem  longo  decedere  circo 

m,  et  campos  jubet  esse  patentes. 

pariterque  ante  ora  parentum 
:  in  equis :  quos  omnis  euntes 
ta  fremit  Trojsque  juventus.  666 

rem  tons&  coma  pressa  coronA . 
unt  praefixa  hastilia  ferro, 
ero  pharetras :  it  pectore  summo 
per  collum  circulus  auri. 

NOTES. 


533.  Svme  W,  0  pa- 


t«r 


538.  Qnelh  Thnmin 
CitMQi  olim  dedwat 
AnehiM  «Mutor:  fim 
m  magno  munare,  auan 
monomfmtum  et  pigDQf 
iiii  amoria. 


544.    rUe   ingreduw 
545  eztremus,  qoi  fizit 

645.  At  pater  ^neee. 
certamine  nondum  mie- 
■o,  vocat   Epytiden   ad 


548.  Vade,   age,   ait 
550  et  dic  Aecanio,  ii  jam 
habet  puerile  agmen  pa- 
ratum  tecum,  inttruzit 

3ue  cunua  equorum,  «1 
ucat  turmaa  avo,  et 


556.  Coma  preaa  «it 
omnilme  toni4  ooroni  ia 
morem. 

558.  Para  /eri  levee 
pharetraa  humero. 


:  compounded  of  ex  and 
1  b  here  had  to  a  custom 
ks,  who  uied,  before  the 
id  among  the  soldiera,  to 
had  distinguiflhed  them- 
be  choicest  articlee,  not  bj 
idged  meet  and  right  Bj 
,  we  are,  therefore,  to  un- 
or  ektrieeat  honor.  David- 
honor  ovU  ofeourae,  Hejne 
ofior»,  referring  tbe  ex$or' 
e.  VflJpj  readfl  the  same. 
ordiwuiuni  konorem.  The 
ifl  exeortem  konorem, 
lu:  bj  fluch  ngns,  tokena, 

I  the  wnee  ofjiguru. 

He  was  king  of  Thrace, 

*  Hecuba,  the  first  wife  of 

Hejne  takee  thie  in  the 
K  He  doee  not  envj  the 
him,  and  given  to  Acestes. 
retain  its  usual  tignifica- 
he  panage  thie  glosn:  he 
)  honor  to  Acestes  prcfcr- 
This  b  the  sense  of  Mark- 

*.*  he  enters  nezt  for  the 
Bolh  ingrtiiiur^  and  tn^ f- 


dii  are  militarj  terms,  aad  implj  statelines^ 
and  an  air  of  dignit^  and  pride. 

546.  Cuitodem:  either  the  guardian  ofhie 
education,  or  his  tutor  in  the  militarj  art. 

547.  Epyiiden :  a  patronjmic  noun ;  the 
son  of  Epytue^  the  herald  of  Anchises.  Hie 
name  was  Perifhoi^  or  Periphaniet. 

549.  Agmen  :  troop— battalion.  Inainoh' 
ii  curtua :  hath  arranged  the  movementa, 
marcb,  &c. 

551.  Circo:  ring— course.  Infimm:  m 
the  senso  of  diffuntm^  vel  apmraum. 

553.  Puen  ineeduni :  the  bojs  march  foi^ 
ward,  and  shine  equallj,  &c.  This  game« 
commonlj  known  bj  the  name  of  tuaua 
TVo/o,  is  whollj  of  the  poet*s  invcntion. 
He  had  no  hint  of  it  from  Homer.  He  sub- 
stituted  this  in  the  room  «f  three  in  Homcr. 
(viz.)  ihe  wreatlin^^  tke  nngle  combat^  and 
the  diaeua ;  and  it  is  worth  them  all.  Virgil 
added  this  game  to  please  Auguatua^  who, 
at  that  tinie,  renewed  the  same. 

554.  Fremii :  in  the  sense  of  plaudii^  vel 
iaudai. 

556.  Thnaa  corona.  This  crown  consist» 
ed  of  greon  boughs,  bent  into  a  circular 
form,  resemblinflr  a  crown.  U  was  probably 
placed  upon  their  helmets. 

559.  FlexUia  eireuhu  o6lorfi  ouru    T\\ab 
is  a  circnmlocution  to  ezpTeM  a  geld«n  fHmu 


340  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Trcs  efiuitiiin  numero  tunnie,  temi^ne  vagantur      £00 
Ductorcs :  pueri  bis  scni  quemque  secuti, 
Agmine  partito  fulgcnt,  paribusque  ma^tns 
663.  Kst  una  aciei  ju-  Una  acios  juvenum,  ducit  quam  parvus  ovantem 
veniiiTt,  quam  ovantem  i\omon  avi  rofercns  Priamus,  tua  clara,  Polite, 
parvuB  Phamua  Piojrenies,  auctura  Italos  :  quem  Thraciua  albia       Hi 

666.    Vcitigia    primi  Portat  equus  bicolor  maculis  :   vestkria  primi 
idiB  tunl  Alba  pedis,  frontemque  ostentans  arduus  albac^ 

568.   Alter    dux    «*  Alter  Atys,  genus  unde  Atti  duxere  Latini; 

Parvus  Atys,  pueroque  puer  dilectus  lulo. 
570.    Extremus    ditx  Extrcmus,  form&(]ue  ante  omnes  pulcher,  Itilus        W 
est  liilus,  pulchor  anto  Sidonio  cst  invectus  equo ;  quem  candida  Dido 
oinnes  forin&,  invcctus  y^^^  gyj  dederat  monumentum  et  pignus  amorlf. 
'  °  '**  ®**  Captera  Trinacriis  pubes  senioris  AcestaB 

Fertur  equis. 

Excipiunt  plausu  pavidos,  gaudentque  tuentca      SU 
Dardanidae  ;  veterumque  agnoscunt  ora  parentum. 
Postquam  omnem  la^ti  consessum  oculosque  suomi 
578.  init  pantia  Lustravere  in  equis :  signum  clamore  paratia 

Epytides  longc  dedit,  insonuitque  flagello. 
Olli  discurrvre  pares,  atque  agmina  terni  ^ 

Diductis  sulvcre  choris  ;  rursusque  vocati 
583.  Infosta  tela  in  te  Convertere  vias,  infcstaque  tela  tulere. 
imrieem.  Inde  alios  ineunt  cursus,  aliosque  recursus, 

NOTES. 

goes  ovcr  the  neck,  down  to  the  upper  576.  Dardanidtt  txeijnunt:  tbe  Tn|P* 

part  of  tho  breast.  with  applause   receive  them,  aiixiooi  ni 

5G0.  Va^antur :  march  along.    Oberrant^  solicitous  for  praise  and  Tictoiy ;  and,  W 

sayB  Kua'UH.  holding  them,  they  rcjoice,  and  knov  thi 

562.  J^fa^istrii :  in  thc  sense  of  ducibttt,  featurcs  of  thcir  agcd  parents.    Ther  tiMi  i 

564.  Pohte,   Politcs  was  thc  son  of  Priam,  tlic  rcsnmblance  between  the  childm  oi  ; 

and  »Iuin  by  Pyrrlius  in  thc  prcBcnce  of  his  parcnts,  and  know  the  former  by  the  htUf  • 

fathcr.     Seo  N!.i\.  ii.  5^26.     Ilc  is  «aid,  how-  F or  pavidos^  Ilua;us  says,  tolicitos  de gjwi^ 

cvcr,  to  liave  accompanicd  ^ncus  into  Italy,  577.  Postqvam  lati :    after  they  joyi* 

and  to  havc  founded  thc  city  Politurium^  wcnt  round  the  wholo  assembly,  m  th 

M*hich  was  ai\crward  dcstroycd  by  Ancus,  a  cycs  of  their  parcnts,  &:c.     The  oeulot  u^ 

king  of  tho  Romans.     Vir^il  scems  to  at-  rum^   if  duly  considcred,  wili  appear  toJ 

tributc  thc  building  of  tlic  city  to  his  «on  boautiful  and   einphatic.     They  made  il* 

hcrc  mcntioned.     A^utnra  Italos :  cithcr  to  circuit  of  the  spcctators^  and  thcir  pu4H' 

incrcose  the  Italians  by  founding  a  city,  or  cycs;  as  much  as  to  say,  their  parenti  v«i 

by  confcrring  honor  and  dijrnity  upon  iliein.  u.11  cycs,  and  all  attcntion  to  theirinOtiQtf 

566.   Vrstigia :    the   fetlocks   of   Iiis  forc  and  wholc  deportmcnt. 

fcct.     Ccrdanus  cx|)lain8  this  of  his  right  500.  Pares.     This  may  iinply  that  ikT 

foot  alonc.     But  restif^ia  is  here  evidently  moved  or  marchcd  abrcost — head  andhcw 

U8cd  nut  of  its  ordinary  seiiso.  in  thc  scnsc  of  pariter.     Or  it  maynMai 

568.  Unde  genut :  whence  the  Latin  At-  thal  they  marched  in  a  double  file,  that  li^ 

/7,  &:c.     Virgil  mcutions  this  in  compliinent  two   abrcast.     7'his  is   the  sense  giTcntl 

to  his  princc,  whose  mothcr^s  namo  was  At-  pares^  by  Davidson.     Temi:  some  eofifl 

tia.     Attius  Balbus  marricd  Julia,  thc  sistcr  havo  ternis^  which  makes  the  sente  VMK» 

of  Julius  Cipsar,  and  had  by  her  a  daugh-  Thc  mcanin^  of  the  passage  is:  after  tkf 

tcr,  who   married   Octavius,  thc  father  of  had  marchcd  round  the  companj  in  oite 

Augustus.     The  poet  signaliics  /u/u«,  and  to  be  rcvicwcd,  upon  a  aignal  giveii,  tkf 

Atyt^  the  founders  of  his  prince*H  fumily,  (the threo  leaders, /emt)  divided^oHre)tli 

both  on  his  father^s  and  mothcr^s  sidc  :  and  troops  into  three  separate  companiei,  (iK 

bf  making  ao  elose  a  friendship  to  subsist  ductis  clioris)  and  marched  ovar  tbe  pb* 

between  tHe  two,  he  alludes  to  tlic  afiinity  each  company  pcrfoi^ming  its 

bacween  the  Julian  and  Attian  familics,  now  diffcrent  groimds. 

.       onitad  in  the  person  of  Augustus.     Somo  561.  Chorit:  in  the  «eiiae  of 

^^pj  howvyer,  that  he  waa  the  100  of  Julia,  583.  Cwrtut:  a  going  forwaid— «dniA 

'  f  Mima  of  Cmw,  and  lua  la.w{^  heir.  Rteurtut:  a  retreat-Hi  fouf   bndcwHi 


iENEIS.    LIB.  V.  Ml 

mtiis ;  alternosque  orbibus  orbeH 

pugnsque  cient  simulacra  sub  armis.  686 

rga  fugA  nudant,  nunc  spicula  vertunt  ^-  ^'"•c  V**«»»  *■■ 

ti  pariter  nunc  pace  feruntur.  ire7n^m  "'  '^*''^*  ^ 

n  CretA  fertur  Labyrinthus  in  altA  '^  58^^  Labjrmthns 

textum  csecis  iter,  ancipitemque  in     alui    CreU    fertitr 

abuisse  dolum,  qu^  signa  seciuendi  690  quondun  habuime  iter 

lcprensus  et  irremeabilis  error.  texium  cflBcis  parietibus, 

•  Teucrfim  naU  ves.igia  cursu  ^^^^^       ""?'««- 

texuntque  fugas  et  prffiha  ludo : 

siiniles,  qui  per  maria  humida  nando  597.  Aacaniue  primua 
n  Libycumque  secant,  luduntque  per  undas.      rettulit    hunc     morem 

\m  cursiis,  atque  hiec  certamina  primus  696  curaQs,  atquu  hrc  cer- 

longam  muris  ciim  cingeret  Albam,  ^^^^^      j 

pnscos  docuit  celebrare  Latmos  ;  ^^  cdebravU   w,  quo 

pse  modo,  secum  quo  Troia  pubes :  modo  Troia   pubes  se- 

uere  suos :  hinc  maxima  porrd  600  cum ;  eodem  modo  Alba- 

)ma,  et  patrium  servavit  honorem  :  ?!  docuere  suos  ftosterot. 

unc  -pueri,  Trojanum  dicitur  agmen.  mTaS  ""^'"*  ^*"" 

brata  tenus  sancto  certamina  patri.  602.    Nuucque  pueri 

n  fortuna  fidem  mutata  novavit.  et  Trojanum  agroen  di- 

tuniulo  referunt  solemnia  ludis,  606  citur  Troja 

lo  misit  Satumia  Juno  .6^3.  Hactenu»  ceru. 

classem :  ventosque  aspirat  eunti,  ^Tcto  prtri             "^ 

ens,  necdum  antiquum  saturata  dolorem.  ^09.  Illa    virso    IrU 

^lerans  per  mille  coloribus  arcum,  celerans  viam 

NOTES. 

I  to  be  merelv  expletive  in  both  594.  Simile*  delpfiinum:  like  dolphins. 
tni :  they  advance  and  retroat  SimileM  has  sometiraes  the  eenitive  altcr  it ; 
«  grounds,  or  in  front  of  each     but  most  commonly  the  dative. 

595.  Carpaihium  :  an  adj.    That  part  of 

not  orbet:  alternate  circlea,  or  the  Meditcrranean  between  Crete   and  the 

m,  one  after  another.     Heyne  igjand  of  Rhodes,  was  called  the  Carpathian 

r,  agrecinflr  with  orbibut.     Impe-  gea,  from  the  island  Carpathut,    Libycum  : 

»  Mnse  olimplicant  vel  mucetU.  an  adj.  from  Libya,  a  part  of  Africa  Iving 

9  Mnse  of  eihibent,  ovor  against  Crete.     Jdare  is  understood. 
%tur:  in  the  sense  of  incedunt,         rnr    u  -i       u  a 
,;   ob«3ure-dark.     ^nHpilem        S95,  Hunc  morem  curt^,     Heyne  rcads, 

ae,  intricate,  and  perplexed  by  ^"^»^  '"''''""^  ^'^*  *■"'*'"'• 

passages.     The  Labyrinth  was  604.  J^xUata  novavit:  simply  for  mutavity 

I  ofcells,  whichcominuuicated  «ays  Heyne.     Fortune  is  here  represenled 

jther ;  and  was  perplexcd  with  ^  *  friend,  on  whom  ^neas  had  dopended 

lues,  ditposed  in  such  maaner  fo*"  f^^or  and  protection.    She  now  changes 

ckward  and  forward  in  a  maze ;  «^^es,  brcaks  her  faith,  and  becomes  treach- 

dered  those  who  entered  it,  that  ero"»-     R*\ferurU :  they  pay— perform. 

lot  trace  their  way  out.     The  606.  Irim  mitit,     Servius  obscrves,  Uiat 

was  in  Egypt,  carried  on  at  tlie  as  Mercury  is  mostly  sent  on  messagos  of 

lanj  kines«  and  at  last  finished  pcacc,  so  Iris  is  generally  sent  on  mesafes 

ehut,   Arter  this  model,  Daida-  of  mischief  and  contention.    She  is  chiefly 

in  Crete,  but  much  smaller,  in  employcd    by  Juno,  but  sometimos  carries 

inolaur  was  confined.  messa^s  for  tho  other  deities. 

ypta  tequendi:  where  error  un-  607.  A^irat  vtntot :  Rueua  sajrs,  adjuiat 

and  inoxtricable,  deceived  the  eam  cuntim  veniu, 

g  (brward.    The  nature  of  tho  COlj.  Morent  muHa  :  revolving  moch  mlj^ 

n  to  perplez  and  bewildcr  the  chief  in  her  mind — plotting,  &c.    SatunUa 

a  be  discovered,  or  knew  no-  may    bo  taken  as  a  Grecism.    Hero  is  an 

uid  when  hc  supposed  ho  was  aliusion  to  the  docinoa  of  Fix\a,    ^^^q  ILa* 

10  r%fTy.him  baskward.  i.  4. 


942  P.  VIRGiLn    MARONIS 

Nulli  visa  cito  decunit  tramite  virgo. 
611.  Conctinum    ad  Conspicit  ingentem  concursum;  et  litoni  Iiutnitt 
ludat  vel  eartamtna,        Desertosque  videt  portus,  dassemque  relictBm. 

At  procul  in  so]&  secrete  Troades  actA 
Amissum  Anchisen  flebant,  eunctaeque  proiuiidiflB 
616.    Hen !  tot  vada  Pontum  aspectabant  flentes :  heu,  tot  vada 
et  tantiun  maria  auper.  e^  tantum  superesse  maris !  vox  omnibus  una. 
T^  vTx^mS'  Urbem  orant :  t«det  pelagi  perferre  laborem. 

618.  Ergo  /m  haud  £rgd  inter  medias  sese  baud  ignara  nocendi 
ignara     ariit    nocendi  Conjicit,  et  feciemque  DesB  vestemque  reponit 
conjidt  seae  inter  Fit  BeroS,  Ismani  conjux  longieva  Dorycli, 

Cui  genus,  et  quondam  nomen,  natique  fuissent. 
Ac  sic  DardanidAm  mediam  se  matribus  infert: 
623.  O  misere  oot,  in-  O  misene,  quas  non  manus,  inquit,  Achaioa  bdlo 
quit,  quas  Achaica  ma-  Traxerit  ad  letum,  patriaB  sub  nHBnibus!  6  geos     * 

tam  TbeuTBTb  ^"^®*'*  •  ^"^  t«  «**^^  ^^^""«  reservat  ?  -         ^ 

Septima  post  Trojas  excidium  jam  vertitur  «tas ;  ^ 

COun  freta,  cikm  terras  omnes,  tot  inhoejHta  saxa,    * 

Sideraque  emens»  ferimur ;  dum  per  mare  magm^ 

fMn  wi  tL^*     :  Italiam  sequimur  fugientem,  et  volvimur  undis.       ^ 

gsi  Quis  prohibet  muros  jacere,  et  dare  civibus  uibMif 

633.  Nulla-ne  mcmiia  ^  patria,  et  rapti  nequicquam  ex  hoste  Penates '    ' 

dicentur  nuBnia  Troje?  Nullane  jam  Trojas  dicentur  mcmia'  nusquam      ' 

NOTES. 

611.  Luttrat.    Ruibus  reads,  luttram —  ties  in  Thrace  and  in  Crete.    Hanii^ 

Heyne,  hutrat.    Davidson,  also,  reads,  /im-  some  time  in  Epirus,  he  set  out  froml 

trat.  in  the  end  of  autumn  in  the  fifUi  jrd 

613.  At  Troadety  &c.    It  was  reckoned  an  having  made  a  compass  almost  nmi 

indecency  among  the  Greeks  and  Romans,  ly,  arrived  at  Drepanum  in  the  bflf 

fbr  women  to  be  present  at  the  public  gaines.  of  the  foUowing  year.     Here  he  kMl 

Virgil,  who  all  slong  has  a  view  to  the  Ro-  ther  in  the  beginning  of  February,  fl 

man   customs,   represents  the    matrons  us  cording  to  the  custom  of  the  aDcioi 

apart  by  themselves  on  the  lonely  shore,  de-  voted  ten  months  to  grief  and  retit 

ploring  tlie  death  of  Anchises.  According  to  his  calcuTation,  £Deai( 

620.  Beroe — Dorycli:  these  are  fictitious  sail  from  Sicily  till  the  month  ofNor 
names.  Itmarii :  an  adj.  from  Jtmarut^  a  and  here  the  action  of  the  iEneid ' 
mountain  in  Thrace.  ^n.  i.  34.     Fix  i  eimtpeetu,    So« 

621.  Cui  quondam:  to  whom  there  was  this  he  waa  driven  by  a  storm  on  tb 
a  noble  descent,  and  once  renown,  and  illus-  of  Carthage,  about  the  middle  of  thti 
trious  ofibpring.     Ocnut  hore  is  used  in  the  year  of  his  voyage,  where  he  spM 
sense  of  nobilitat;  Valpy  says,  rank.    Ab-  months  of  winter,  and  from  tkenee 
men:  in  the  sense  offama.  for  Italy  in  the  end  of  Jannair  ftl 

623.  Achdica  manut :  the  Grecian  troops.  and  arrived  again  in  Sicily  in  the  ■ 

628.  Ferimur:  in  the  sense  ofvagamur  vel  February,  about  the  end  of  tbeaevia 

erramus.    Ementa :  having  ineasured  out—  where  he  spent  one  month  in  celebn 

havingpassedoversomanyseaSf&c. /Vrtmiir  father^s  anniversary,  and  aboxit  thl 

emensa:  in  the  sense  ofemcnsce  tumut^  says  ning  of  the  eighth  year  arrived  in  i 

Heyne.  Sidera :  climes— regions.  To  account  the  end  of  March  or  beginning  d 

for  ^neas^s  having  spent  sevcn  ycars  in  his  when  the  spring  was  in  bloom. 

voyage,a  French  critic  (says  Davidson)  has  629.  Sequimur  Jtaliam:    while  < 

the  following  computation.     He  finds  from  mighty  deep  we  puraue  Italy  fieei 

history  that  Troy  was  taken  in  the  month  of  us.     This  is  highly  poeticaL    Setri 

May  or  June.    He  allows  iSneas  ten  months  mafpium  to  mean   stormy— aweUia 

ror  fitting  out   his  fleet  at  Artandros,  and  Heyne  says,  veulum    ontiunnmL  ft 

makes  him  set  out  in  the  month  of  March  in  in  the  sense  ofjaetamur, 

the  following  year.   From  this  to  his  arrival  630.  Frtitemu  For  the 

in  Epirus  he  computos  four  years  and  some  is  here  called  the  brolher  of 

mootht  wliich  time  he  apenl  Uk  b^iiWdin^  ei-  aupra. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  y.  MH 

amnes,  Xanthum  et  Simoenta  videbo  ? 

,  et  nKcum  in&uatas  exurite  puppea.  685 

Caasandne  per  soronum  vatia  imogo  9S6.  Nam  iniafovatii 

lare  viaa  facea :  hic  qusrite  Trojam  ;  CuHLndni  ftr  Miuiua 

I  eat,  inquit,  vobis  :  jam  tempus  agit  rea.  '^  ^  ^^ 

mora  prodigiia :  en  quatuor  are  639.  NecnriiMrataa- 

Deus  ipae  faces  animumque  ministrat  640  ^ 

>ran8,  prima  infensum  vi  corripit  ignem . 

»  procul  dextri  connixa  coruacat, 

Arrecte  mentea,  stupefactaque  coida  643.  MontM  UladBa 

Hic  una  d  multia,  quae  maxima  natu,  '^  *"JI;^ 

Priami  natorum  regia  nutrix  :  646  ti.  ^/ "«.^«{1^1^ 

5  vobis  ;  non  hsEK:  Rhoeteia,  matrea,  tu,  Pyrgo  nomine^  refU 

i  conjux  :  divini  signa  decoris,  nutrix  tot  natonuB  Pri- 

le  notate  oculoe :  qui  spiritus  illi,  ani,  ^f^f^  *  ^  "^  ^ 

,  vocisve  aonuS)  vel  gressus  eunti.  Bm%  Tobis. 

3t  dudum  Beroen  digressa  rehqui  650 

dignantem,  tali  qudd  sola  careret 

Bc  meritos  Anchiise  inferret  honorea. 

653.  iUa  effata  ui  hne. 

es  primd  ancipitea,  oculisque  malignia  ^^^^"«^8/^ 

spectare  rates,  miserum  inter  amorem       655  lignig  oculi*.  ancipitM, 

terrae  fatisque  vocantia  regna :  wnbipieque  inter  roiM- 

se  paribus  per  ccelum  sustulit  alis,  ram  wnorem  prmentii 

ue  fugi  secuit  sub  nubibus  arcum.  *•'"■  '•anaque 

attonitse  monstris,  actaeque  furore, 

it)  rapiuntque  focis  penetralibus  ignem :      660 

nt  aras,  frondem  ac  virgulta  facesque  ^ 

:  fiirit  immiasis  Vulcanus  habenis 

er,  et  remos,  et  pictas  abiete  puppes. 

NOTE8. 

rtos  amnes:  the  Trojan  ttreama.  648.  Ardeniu  oeu/tt.    Here  are  mention* 

mt  agU  ret :  now  the  time  de-  ed  four  distinguiahed  marks  or  ngna  of  a 

thing.     Some  read  temout  agi  divine  person :   1.  Beauty,  radiant  eyes,  itce.« 

e  the  thingt  be  done.     But  Pie-  cut  vtUtut ;   2.  A  fragrant  breath  which  per- 

te  former  in  the  Co</ex /2omanta  fumed  the  air  around,  quitpirihu:  3.  An 

I,  and  in  ■ome  othere.     Heyne  easy  and  majeetic  motion,  ^nt  grettut:  4. 

f.     RuflBus  prefers  the  former ;  A  sound,  tone,  or  accent  of  voice  which  die- 

urgel  rewLt  says  he.  tinguiahed  them  firom  mortals,  ^tct  joma 

uatuor  arte^  Scc    It  is  not  said  vaeit, 

:se  altars  were  erected.    RuaBus  651.  Careret:  that  she  should  be  deprived 

they  were  built  bj  Cloanthus  of  such  an  employment— of  celebratiiif  the 

victory.     See  234,  tupra.    Or  anniversarj  of  Anchiaes.     Indignanlem :  in 

ans  generally,  for  mention  is  the  sense  of  dolentem, 

ir  offering  sacrifice.     See  100,  555.    jlmbigum :   in  the  sense  of  dukim^ 

yerb  tutU  is  understood.  JtneipUet :  in  the  sense  of  iai/etim. 

ay*«:andexertingherstrength,  Focit  peneiraHbut :  from  tbe  inmost 

nd  bemg  raised,  riie  waved  Uie  ^^^^      Davidson  renders  it,/rom  Me  A«|. 

lut  vrn«i»)  and  threw  it  at  a  ^^^^^y^.    Ru«us  says,  t«/tmu  ortfc 

ifentum:  m  the  sense  of  tntmt-  ,                   .           .     *  - 

662.  Vuieanut :   the  god  of  fire,  put  hy 

ro.    This  is  a  fictitious  name.  meton.   for   fire  itself.     Immittit  haltenit : 

f  of  her  speeoh  was  not  to  dis-  without  resUaint— with  violence. 

rojan  matrons  from  executing  663.  Pieiat  abiete :  either  the  sternf ,  bj 

of  Juno,  but  rather  to  incite  synec.  for  the  whole  ships,  on  whieh  waf 

r  showing  them  that  the  person  carvod  work  of  the  fir  tree;  or  pieiat  maat 

d  to  them  in  the  form  ol  Beroe  be  taken  in  tbe  sense  oi  eontirueiat^  boiH  or 

poddeea.  Rhaieia :  an  adj.  fjrom  made.    Rumie  sajs,  ttrueiat  t»  akieie  piciai 

mMBoatoiy  of  Troaa  V^^tf*^    Valpj  ■aya,  «Qiii!taracte4  «il  ti. 


844  !'•  VIRGILIl  MAKONIS 

Nuntius  Anchisse  ad  tumuluni,  cuneosqae  tlieatrif 
665.  Eumolufl  nuntius  Incensas  perfert  naves  Eumelus :  et  ipsi 
•d   tamuJum    Anchis»  Respiciunt  atram  in  nimbo  volitare  fitvillam. 
f^^o      navet   mcensM  p^jj^yg  ^j  Ascanius,  cursus  ut  Isetus  equestree 

Ducebat,  sic  acer  equo  turbata  petivit 
Castra  :  nec  exanimes  possunt  retinere  magifltri. 
Quis  furor  iste  novus  ?  qud  nunc,  qu6  tenditis,  iDqin 
Heu  miserse  cives !  non  hostem,  inimicaque  castni 
672.  Sed  urilis  vMtru  Argivftm,  vestras  spes,  uritis.     En  ego  vestcr 
^^  Ascanius !     Galeam  ante  pedes  projecit  inanem, 

Qu&  ludo  indutus  belli  simulacra  cicbat. 
Accelerat  simul  ^neas,  simul  agmina  Teucriini. 
Ast  illse  diversa  metu  per  litora  passim 
.  677.  Fetuntque  Airtim  Difliigiunt,  sylvasque,  et  sicubi  concuva  furtim 
■jlyas,   et    ucobi    aini  gaxa  petunt :  piget  incepti,  lucisqlje  :  suosque 
eoncava  saza  Mutatffi  agnoscunt :  excussaque  pectore  Juno  est. 

Sed  non  idcircd  flamnio;  atque  incendia  vires  ' 

Indomitas  posuere  :  udo  sub  robore  vivit 
Stuppa,  vomens  tardum  fumum  :  lentusque  carinaf 
Est  vapor,  et  toto  dcscendit  corpore  pestis : 
Nec  vires  heroum,  infusaque  flumina  prosunt. 
bb&.  Fiu»  iGneas  cib-      Tum  pius  iEneas  humeris  abscindere  vestem, 
P*^  Auxilioqiie  vocare  Deos,  et  tendere  palmas  : 

687.    Si  nondum  iu  Jupiter  omnipotens,  si  nondum  exosus  ad  unum 

^n?,"r.  "ni  Iir^Tunlla  TrojaHos,  si  quid  pictas  antiqua  laborea 
nnum;    si   tua    antiqua  t»''..,        *  i     n  i  i- 

pietas  resuicit  huinanos  Kes|)icit  humanos  ;  da  flammam  cvadere  classi 

kiborcs  (luid,  nunc,  O  Nunc,  pater,  et  tenues  TeucHim  res  erijie  leto : 

patcr^da  claasi  Vel  tu,  quod  superest,  infesto  fulroine  morti, 

692.   Vcl  tn  deinitte  Si  niereor,  demitte ;  tuAque  hic  obrue  dextrA. 
me  inorti  cum  infesto       Vix  ha*c  ediderat,  cum  effiisis  imbribus  atra 

69*'     A  du  u  ue   /   a  Tempestas  siiie  more  furit :  tonitruque  tremiscunt 
ierral^lim,  et  "canipi  tre-  Ardua  terrarum,  et  campi :  ruit  OBthere  toto 
miscunt  tonitru.  Turbidus  imber  aquA ;  densisque  nigerrimus  Aufltrii 

N0TE8.    • 

664.   Cuneot,     TheRC  were  seats  in  the  whom  thej  pretended  to  be  poMesMi 

Roman  thoatre  for  tho  common  people,  so  driven  out  of  them. 

called  becausc  they  were  in  the  form  of  a  682.  Stuppa:  this  was  a  kind  of « 

wedge,  tho  narrowest  part  toward  the  stajre.  flax  or  hemp  driven  into   the  Naa 

Keforonce  is  hore  made  to  the  theatre  men-  ehinks,  and  then  overlaid  with  pitch  i 

tioned  or  spoken  of  288,  supra.  out  the  water  and  ronder  the  vessel  t 

668.  Sie  aeer  equo:  the  meaning  is  that  oakum.  Vivit:  lives— continues  to 
A^canius  rode  up  to  the  confused  camp  Len/ta  ra/ior:  aslowfire.  Us/rintbi 
^uick  on  his  horse,  just  in  the  same  habit  as  of  edit.  Pestit:  in  the  sense  ofjlam 
he  led  the  cavalcade,  eqwMret  eursus.  684.  Flumina:  in  the  sense  of  aqn 

669.  Magistri:  either  Prtamta  and  ^tys,        ««-    d-.     a;^  >^.  ^h    •  j       *r- 
_        j^     r  4i-  1     j  r^     ^  j  68o.  Fius  ALneas  abtcinaere^  Sx^ 

~?Tk       /L"        ^V^^'^^'^*^?'.  ^\  ^/'^''^"     ing  their  hair  and  jrarment  wa.  reck 

!he  youth  «""^"^  ^^  mstructors  of    ^^^  of  extreme  dis^ss  both  by  Jen-., 

67o!  Q^  nunc  tenditu :  what  no w  do  you  ***""'  *"***  Greeks. 

aim  at .?— what  do  y ou  intend  by  Uius  bum-  688.  Pietat :  pitj-compaBsion-clei 

ing  your  ships  ?     The  repetition  of  the  qub  693.  Kffusis  imbribut :  with  fojliiij 

ki  omphaticaL  — with   floods  of  rain.     ImbrtbiAt: 

679.   Juno  excussa  etl  pectore :  Juno  is  sensc  of  pluviit. 

driren   from  tlieir  breast — the   fury    with  696.  /m6«r /iir6u/(a.*  tliecloud,  th» 

which  she  hadiMBbad  thero.     This  is  an  watcr,  and  black  witli  the  hcavy  soutk 

alloaion  toli|riHHl|AMchanalB,  who  re-  pours  down  from  tho  wholo  hraren 

Uimed  •-^«^^^^^^^■^-p  ^k»  i^od,  with  south  winds  ttare  more  impregnali 


ifiNGIS.    LIB.  V» 


m 


lupcr  puppea :  seinusta  madescunl 
r:tutt  donec  vapor  oiiinis  ;  et  oiQiieB, 
is,  servata;  k  pcste  carinae. 
leas  casu  concussus  acerbo^ 
ntes,  nuDC  illuc,  pectore  curas 
ans,  Siculisne  resideret  arvis 
1,  Italasne  capesseret  oras 
lutes,  unum  Tritonia  Pallas 
uiultAque  insignem  reddidit  arte, 
dabat ;  vel  qua;  portenderet  ira 
vel  qu8B  fatorum  posceret  ordo. 
im  solatus  vocibus  infit : 
fata  trahinit  retrahuntque.  sequamur. 
siuperanda  oninis  fortuna  ferendo  est. 
iius  divin»  stir|)is  Acestes : 
isiliis  socium,  et  conjunjyre  volentem; 
lissis  su|)eraiit  qui  navibus  ;  et  ()uos 
ni  incepti  reniin(|iie  tuaniin  est ; 
^nes,  ac  fe8sa.s  aupiore  inatres  ; 
Mini  invahduin,  metuensque  pericli  est, 
habeant  terris^  sine,  inu;nia  fessi. 
hunt  permisso  noniine  Acestam. 
nsus  dictis  senioris  amici : 
liras  anitniis  diducitur  omnes. 
hitn  bi^ns  siibvecta  tenebat. 
:\o  facics  delapsa  parentis 
6  tales  effundere  voces  : 
quondam,  dum  vita  manebat, 
nate  IHacis  exercite  fatis, 
hiic  venio,  qui  chissibus  ignem 
o  tandem  miseratus  ab  aho  est. 
quae  nunc  pulcherrima  Nautes 

NOTES. 


700 


705 


711 

712.  Cape  hnne  ffO- 
eiuin  hbi  m  tui»  uoim»- 
liis 

713.  Trade   hiiic  eo§f 
715  qui  Hupemnt 

715.  Doii^eque  lon- 
flnevofl  sencs,  ac  iiiatres 
tossas 

717.  Et  «ne  ut  illi 
feui  habeant  mcuiiia 

719.  UMLiieat  inceiisua 
ul 

Iti.  Deiiinc  taciea 
parentis  AnchiMD  delap- 
aa  c(eIo  viM  esi  subitd 
effbndere  tales  voces : 
Nate,  quondam  raagla 
chare  inihi  vit4 
dum 


720 


726 


other,  which,  mectin^  with 
n  air,  wa»  condenscd  into 
Hence  th»  cpithet,  dentit, 
)\  a  showcr  or  faJl  of  rain. 
Dn.  be  takcn  fur  tho  cloud 
i'apor.     In    tiiiH   nenso    ihe 

and  ea«y. 

for  $tmi\uta^  by  syn.  This 
ceKsary  lor  the  nake  of  the 
in  the  Rcnse  of  desnper, 
'  in  the  scnsc  of  rolrthat» 
venNe  of  dt^liheranf. 
.hcBcnsc  ofsolum;  or  we  may 
leofunieum,^  vcl  pracipuum, 
owledge.  Ruacus  nays,  mul- 

rrant.  Nautes  advises  to 
!«  the  crewB  of  those  fihips 
rnt — tliose  who  were  wcary 
— tlie  old  mcn  and  womcn, 

a  citv  for  tliem  in  Sicilv,  to 
the  iiame  of  their  *rieiid, 
ity  wa«  on  tlie  wenteni  side, 

from  the  nliore.  It  wa« 
a,  JEgeBtUy  and  Sergtsta. 


716.  Perteli:  hy  wyn.  Tor  periniti. 

718.  Permiteo  nomine:  oy  a  pcmutted 
name.  Acestea  agreed  that  it  niight  be  lo 
calicd. 

720.  ^nimut.  DavidHon  and  Heyne  read 
animum^  in  the  acc.  Valpy  aiid  Rueua 
have  antmtii,  which  is  tho  eanicr. 

791.  Atranox:  dark  night,  waf\ed  in  her 
two-horse  chariot,  possesKod  tho  heavens. 
As  the  chariot  of  the  «un  is  repreKCtted  as 
drawn  by  four  horses,  80  that  of  tlie  moon 
aiid  the  night  by  two,  and  thone  of  a  hlark 
or  sablecolor.  Polum:  by  synec.  the  wh  de 
heavcns. 

722.  Faciet  delapta^  fcc  The  aneients 
distinguishcd  botween  thcsoul  and  the  j-hado 
or  phantom.  The  fomier.  tli«'y  hehevcd, 
went  to  heavcn.  while  tlie  otherhad  iti*  reei« 
dence  in  the  infernal  regioim.  T'iuh  Aiichi- 
ses  descends  from  hcaven  in  resrard  to  his 
soul,  while  at  the  same  tinie  iiin  H;i?'if^  w:is 
in  the  regions  below,  as  appear»  froni  vcrae 
Tiii. 

725.  Fatit :  in  the  senso  of  canihu^. 

7:f7.  Putehemma, :  ui  \hA«cttai/^  ->^  fit«lMMa« 


M6  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Dat  senior :  lecioe  juvenes,  fortitBiBiA  oonl^, 
Defer  in  Italiam  :  gens  dura,  atque  aspora  cultiH 
Debellanda  tibi  Latio  est.     Ditb  tamen  antd 
Infemas  accede  domos,  et  Avema  per  alta 
Congressus  pete,  nale,  meoa.     Non  me  iinpia  namqji 
Tartara  habent  tristeaque  umbra) ;  sed  amcena  pioni 
Conciiia,  Elysiumque  colo.     Huc  caata  Sibylla         -' 
Nigrantiim  inulto  pecudum  te  sanguine  ducet. 
Tum  genua  omne  tuum,  ot,  qus  dentur  meiiia,  <tiiN 
Jamque  vale  :  torquet  medios  nox  humida  cursus, 
£t  me  ssvus  equis  Oriens  afHavit  anhelis. 
Dixerat :  et  tenues  fugit,  ceu  fumus,  in  auraa. 
iEneas,  Qu6  deinde  mis  ?  qu6  proripia  ?  inquit : 
Quem  fugis  ?  aut  qub  te  nostris  complejubus  aroetf 
Hiec  memorans,  cinerem  et  sopitos  susdtat  ignes ; 
744.  Bapplezque  ven©-  Pcrgameumque  Larem,  et  carae  penetralia  Vesle 

raitir  PergMMum   La-  Yg^rre  pio,  et  plenA  supplex  veneratur  aoerrA. 

vem,  et  penetnLua  cen»       t?  ^        \x       -  •  •*  a    ». 

Veifta  pio  farre  Extemplo  socios,  pnmumque  arcessit  Acesten, 

tf  £t  Jovis  imperium,  et  chari  pra^epta  parentis 

Edocet ;  et  quas  nunc  animo  sententia  constet 
Haud  mora  consiliis ;  nec  jussa  recusat  Acestes. 
l^ranscribunt  urbi  matres,  populumque  Tolentem 

NOTES. 

730.  CuUu:  in  th*^  Mnie  of  moribiu,  ritioni  were  onlullowed  to  appear  1 

731.  Tafnen  anti  accede^  kc.    Thiii  appa-    darkneae  of  nighl,  and  wero  chaaad  aw 
fition  of  Anchisefs  and  the  direction  he  gi  vee    the  dawn  of  daj. 

tia  Bon  to  doBceod  to  Uie  regions  bolow,  are  743.  Stuciiai  cifierem  :  he  opent  tht  i 

i  proper  preparation  for  tlie  tbllowing  book.  and  kindles  up  the  donnant  fire.    T) 

|'be  art  of  the  poet  is  admirable  in  Uius  one  of  thoee  passagee  where  Virgil  dm 

making  one  event  riae  ont  of  another  and  same  verb  with  two  noune,  whon  ita 

priparingtho  rcadcr  beforchand.  This  raises  proporly  applied  only  to  one  of  theai 

tiiiit   |)lcasing  suspcnsc,  which  ifi  the  priuci-  pitos:  buried  up-— covered  ovcr. 

pal  thin<x  tliat  channsin  an  cpicpoem.     Di-  744.  Veneratur :  he  worships  the  t 

tis:  iriMi.  of  Dis^  a  nanie  of  Pluto.  Lares,  and  tbe  shrinc  of  hoary  Veiti 

73o.     Klysium.      Tliis  was  the  name  of  The  Larts  were  the  images  consccrtj 

tho  placc  assigned  for  the  residence  of  the  tho  souls  of  their  departcd  anccKton, ' 

happy.     Herc  they  placcd  tlioir  hcrocB  and  the  ancients  worshipped  at  thcir  ownli 

othcr  distMignished  characters.     Casla  Si-  by  oblationa  of  inceniie  and  caket  t 

bylla:  the  Sibyl  hath  thc  epithet  casta^  be-  flour,  called  /ar;  eee  Geor.  iii.  344 

cause  thoso  prophotessos  were  virginH.   Con-  Larts^  like  tno  Penates^  were  hinvidtek 

cilia :  \n  thc  sense  of  stdts,  Penetralia  Festa  :  this  ahrine,  or  nai 

7:36.  Miittosanguine :  withmuch  blood  of  of  Vesta^  was  commonly  the  hoarth  i 

black  victims  ;  that  is,  ailer  having  ofiered  place  in  the  aparUnent  where  they  k 

many  black  victims  in  sacrifice.     Victims  of  Here  waa  kept  a  fire  always  bumi 

a  l)lack  color  were  sacrificed  to  the  infemal  honor  of   that  goddeee.     See  ^ln.  i 

dcities.  ^neas  is  said  to  have  introduced  inti 

T3H.  Hnmi.la  nox ;  humid  night  tums  its  the  worship  of  the  Penates^  the  Len 

iniddlii  courso.     This  is  a  motaphor  takon  of  Fe«/a  or  the  uneztinffuished  fire.  1 

froni  llie  churiot-races,  when  they  wheeled  takee  penetralia  Vetiet  for  Vesta  herM 

bI>ouI  at  tlie  meta  or  goal,  and  retumed  to  cause,  says  he,  the  goddese  had  her  mi 

the  rarrrr  or  starting  place.     So  here  night  in  the  inmostpartofthe  house,  lemoli 

was  on  lict  return,  havingpassed  her  farthest  tho  view  of  men.     Sho  u  called  eosMi 

poinU  the  hour  of  midnight,  whicli  divides  on  account  of  the  anUquity  of  her  wi 

dor  course  in  tho  middle.  or  because  the  veetal  virgina  weie  i 

739.  Swus  Oriens :  Uio  cruel  moming  (the  white  robes. 

approaching  sun)  had  breathed  on  me  with  748.  Constei :  in  the  aenae  of  tedU 

his  panting  stceds.     The  morning  is  here  750.  Dranserihuni,     This  word  W 

oaJIed  siEvus^  because  it  broke  utf  liis  con-  plied  to  tbose  whose  names  were  i| 

rersaUon,  and  forccd  him  to  reUre.     It  was  in  order  to  be  transported  to  some  ai 

A  luavailinff  opinion  that  ghost?  and  appa-  lony;  and  thoae  thua  enroUed  weia- 


JiNElS.    Un.  ▼  847 

unt,  animos  nil  msLgnm  laudis  egentes. 
mstrm  novant,  flanunisque  ambesa  reponunt 
a  navigiia :  aptant  reinosque  rudent^ue  : 

numero,  aed  bello  vivida  virtus.  734.  Exigiii  m  Eaioa- 

rea  ifineas  urbem  designat  aralro,  766  ^  ^  eonm  virtn*  enU 

irque  domos :  hoc,  Ilium,  et  liiec  loca,  Trojam        ▼"▼*da  boUo. 
ibet ;  gaudet  regno  Trojanus  Acestefi,  757.   Jubet  hoo  mmi- 

que  forum,  et  patribus  dat  jura  vocatis.  Hum  tne  Iliuin,  eC  bM 

icina  astris  Erycino  in  vertice  sedes  ^®^  •■••  Tpojmil 

tur  Veneri  IdalisB :  tumuloque  sacerdos  760 

us  late  sacer  additur  Ancliiseeo. 
e  dies  epulata  novem  gens  omnis,  et  aris 
;  honos  ;  placidi  straverunt  squora  venti : 
*  et  aspirans  rursus  vocat  Auster  in  altum. 
ur  procurva  ingens  per  litora  fletus  :  765 

exi  inter  se  noctemque  diemque  morantur. 

im  matres  ;  ipsi,  quibus  aspera  quondani  767.   Jam  matres  i»- 

laris  facies,  et  non  tolerabile  numen,  f®»"  «'  *P«*  homiru»^  qu- 

unt,  omnemque  flig»  perferre  laborem.  quonc^p  taeiofl 

)onu8  yEneas  dictis  solatiir  amicis,  770 

sanguineo  lachrymans  commendat  Aceste. 

NOTES. 

p/t ;  hence  the  word  came  to  signify  prua.     Thie  whole  island  was  ucred  to  Pe- 

fer,  desigrnate,  or  appoint.  nwt,    Sedet :  in  the  senae  of  iemphim» 

Deponunl:    they   leave— eet  apart.  761.  Lvetu  addiiur.     A  priest  and  groiveu 

:  in  the  sense  of  eupidos,  sacred  far  around,  is  added  to  Uie  tomb  off 

Dengnat  urbem,    This  refers  to  a  Anchises.     It  appears   hence   that  he  wae 

of  the  Romans,  who,  wben  they  were  buried  on  Mount  Kryx.    Some  say  that  he 

0  build  a  city,  first  marked  out  the  arrived  in  Italy  along  with  his  son ;  othen 
rj  of  it  by  drawing  a  furrow  with  a  that  he  died  before  he  arrived  iii  Sicily. 

which  they  lifled  over  those  spaces        762.  Oent:  in  the  sonse  oTpopulut,    The 

thej    intended   to  have  the  gates.  verb  fufttU  is  to  be  connccted  witli  epulaia, 

porta  (from  porto^  to  carry)  came  to  Honot  /aeiui :  in  the  scnse  of  *aer\fieium 

a  gfate.  faetum  erat,     AU  his  peopio  had  kept  the 

Hor,  Ilium :  history  mentions  no  city  anniversary  festival  of  his  father  for  nine 

f  by  the  name  of  liium.    ^neas  may  days,  and   performed   tlie   usual   offerings, 

lUed  it  so  at  first,  but  agreed  that  when  the  weather  became  favorable;  and 

i  should  changre  its  name  afterward.  having  repaired  the  damages  occasioned  by 

m  may  be  the  tower  of  tho  city  .Aeet-  the  fire,  they  make  ready  for  their  depart- 

'gesia^  and  hore  taken  for  the  whole  ore.    Here  a  most  interesting  scene  eosoed. 

synec.  as  Pergamut^  the  tower  or  A  day  and  a  night  they  pass  in  embracing 

of  Troy,  is  oflen  put  for  the  city  it-  each  other   before   their    final   separatiuQ* 

hiK  is  the  opinion  of  Rueus.     Strabo  Those  who  before  were  weary  of  tke  voy 

is  two  rivors  near  the  city  Segetta^  age,  now  summon  op  courage,  and  are  will* 

names  oC  Xantliut  and  Simoit^  and  ing  again  to  encounter  the  danger  of  the  sea. 

fy  were  so  called  by  iEneas.  The  interesting  scene  brought  tears  from  tho 

indieiiforum:  he  appoints  courts  of  hero*s  eyes. 

and  gives  laws   to   his  assembled        768.   Aiimm.    This  is  tht  usual  reading; 

I.     The  Roman  senators  wore  caUed  The  sense  is,  ihat  ihe  divinUy^  or   divine 

either  on  account  of  their  age,  or  to  power,  ofihe  tea^  teemed  io  ihem  intupporiO' 

them  tnat  they  were  the  fathors  of  ble — ^more  than  they  coold  endure  after  aU 

[>Ie.  their  fatirues.    But  Heyne,  upou  the  ao« 

Eryeino :  an  adj.  from  Eryx^  a  moun-  thority  of  Heinsioa,  reads  nomen.  The  seiiM 

Sicily,  in  height  nezt  to  ^tna ;  from  in  this  case  wUI  ba :  and  the  name  of  SM 

ing  of  that  island,  who  was  slain  by  seemed  insupportable  to  them.   *They  eoiild 

s.     See  411,  supra.    iGneas  buUt  a  not  bear  to  hear  ita  name  mentionea.    JVb» 

to  his  mother  Venus  on  the  top  of  men  marit^  says  he,  aiuditu^  ei  dieiu  iniolerm» 

uiitain.     Some  say  it  was  founded  bite  vitum.     He  observes  of  numen:   £jr« 

r,  and  only  decorated  by   JEness.  pHeationemeomtnodamnonhabei.    Therea*- 

1  caUed  Idaiian^  from  Idatium  or  IdU'  er  will  jodge  for  hinself. 

wn  and  grove  on  the  isUnd  c€  Cy-       771.  Co»Mmgiim«a.   kMA«aii«a>sBr>anfik 


848  P.  VIRGILII  liiARONIS 

Tres  Eryci  vitulos,  et  teinpestatibus  agnam 
Csedcre  deinde  jubet,  solvique  ex  ordine  niuei. 

774.  Ipao    evinctufl  jpge  ^aput  tonsas  foliis  evinctus  olive, 

SwJ^  ^nt  ^"**"  ^*^"^  1^'"^^"*  ^"  P"*^^^'  paterani  tenet,  extaque  aaboi 

Porricit  in  fluctus,  ac  viiia  liquentia  fundit. 
Prosequitur  surgens  a  ))uppi  ventus  euntes  : 
Ccrtatim  socii  fcriunt  inare,  et  equora  verrunt. 
783.  Quain,fi«inpe«/u-      At  Venus  interca  Neptunum  cxcrcita  curis 

*'*'?f '!**  v7         •     -A  •     Allo<iuitur,  Uilesque  efTundlt  pcctore  ciuestus  : 

7B4.  Nec  nuieHcit  in-  »  •  .   .     »      .  •  -i  \ 

frtcia  iniperio  Jovi«  fa.  Junonis  gra\nsira  et  mexsaturabile  pectus 

tiKvo.    Noa  satis  est  ei  Cogunt  nic,  Neptune,  preces  descendere  in  omnes: 

nefandifl  odiiK   exedisse  Quam  ncc  longa  dies,  pictus  nec  mitigat  ulla; 

urbcim  de  niedia  gente  j^cc  Jovis  impcrio  fatisvc  infracta  quiescit. 

Phryiruni,c/traxi88Cf/uf  j^^„  ^^gjj^  j^        ^^  Phrygum  cxcdisse  nefandk 

relliqiuas     per     onincm  ,.  ,  ...        ^,         ,         •'^ 

pQBuam:  Urbem  odus  satis  est,  p<£nain  traxissc  {ler  omnem 

7B9.    Tu    ipse  fuisti  Rclliquias  :  Troja:  cincres  atque  ossa  perempte 
teBtiKmihi,  quanimolcm  Inscquitur.     Causas  tanti  sciat  illa  furoris. 
■ubito  excierit  nuper  in  jpse  mihi  nupcr  Libycis  tu  testis  in  undis 

•900**  A  !Iji*'   *  u  «  :«  Quam  Ynolem  subitd  excierit.     Maiia  omnia  coilo 
792.  Ausa  «i/  noc  in    *.        .^      _^   ...  _    ^  ,,. 

tuis  rcgnis.  Miscuit,  ir«olns  ncquicquam  freta  proccllis  : 

79:>.  Kt.  classc  amia-  In  regnis  hoc  ausa  tuis. 
tk^  subegii   Kocios   lin-  Proh  scelus !  ecce  etiain  Trojanis  matribus  actis, 
gucrc  tiu  mulitrtM  igno-  Kxuj<sit  Orde  puppcs  ;  et  classe  subcgit 

^^e.  Oro  ut  liccat  Tro^  ,^""f  ^  «^'"«  ^^'""*«'  linciuere  terr^ . 

jani»  daro  tibi  vcla  tuta  Qui>d  superest :  oro,  liceat  dare  tuta  |)er  undas 

per  undas;  ut  liceat  ii»    Vela  tibi :  liccat  Laurentem  attingere  Tybrim  * 

NOTES. 

no  way  relalcd  to  ^neas.     Sce  30,  supra.         784.  Infracta :  overcome — made  to 

Consani(uin€tis  18    properly   a    rchition    by  froin  her  purpose.     DitM :   iQ  tlie  m 

blood;   a^natiut^  one  by  tho   fathcr*8  sidc ;  l&mpu»,     Juno  pcrKistcd  in  her  oppofll 

cognatuf,hy  tho  inothcr'8  sidc;  a.iid  affinis^  i^^neas,  in  spiteof  the  authority  of  Joi 

by  marriagc.  tiic  decrces  of  tlie  gods,  which  direetf 

772.  Tfmpestatihus.    Storms  and  tempests  to  Italy. 

wero  deified  by  tlio  Romans,  and  goats  and  7H7.  Cineres  et  ossa  :  thc  ashes  and 

lamin  wcrc  off«^red  to  tiieni  in  sacriHcc.  of  ruincd  Troy.     By  thcso  w  e  are  to 

773.  Ca:dt  rf :  in  the  senso  of  tmmolare.  stand  iEncas  and  his  coinpany,  wbi 
Fune^:  tho  (r.ililcs.  Sonic  copies  havc /u  on  thcir  way  to  Italy — thc  only  rfini 
nem,  This  i?*  tiie  readin^  of  Heyne,  aftcr  survivors  of  that  once  flouriNhin^  cilj 
Pierius  and  Hcinsius.  Tho  scnsc  is  tiio  7DH.  Illa  sciat :  she  mav  know,  &c 
•anic  eithcr  way.  nus  here  insinuatcs  that  tliero  was  nc 

775.  Stans  jtrorut :  standm^  at  a  distance  for  iier  resentment.  She  may  perhapi 
on  tlie  prow,  he  hoids  the  bowl  and  scatters  as  for  inc,  I  do  not. 

tiie  entrails  upon  tiic  briny  waves.     Procut  790.  quam  molem:   what  a  tcmpi 

implies  tiiat  he  slood  as  far  as  iic  couid  from  raised,  &c.     Molem:  for  tempeslatem, 

tiio  siiore  on  tiio  cxtrcinity  of  tlio  head  of  -«.     »/.       •              /.    .          1  •      :. 

the  vesHcl  toward  tl.e  »J.     Porricit.  fro.n  ,  791-  •V<9««-7«««  /«"«••  rely.nf  .1 

1   .     .       .     ..           M     j    ,             T.  &c.     liecausc  shc  had  not  accoinphtfl 

tK>rro  and  yacio;  to  tlirow  at  a  distance.     It  .          j    «7  i       i              . 

^              .  •'                  .L    t»              4.               *  purposcs;  siio  and  iEolu»  bemg  coi 

was  a  custoin  amon?  the  Koinans  to  presont  f    It     .            o       «i^     ■    t»^     * 

^,r    •         «     »u            •            I    u  r            i-  by  Ncptuno.     Scc  iEn.  1.  86,  c/ scffi« 

olFcrinf^M  to  the  marine  gods  beforc  sailinji;^,  j        f                                         , 

which  consisted  principally  in  casting  tiie  '^^•^-  ^''o/i  seelus.  Hcyne  and  sonic 

entrails  of  tho  victims  upon  tlie  soa.    Some-  'ead  ptr  scttus    taking  per  m  the  1 

tinies,  howcvor,  thcy  offered  libations  also,  «"'  ^'«^  ^^'  ^?''"®./"""  matrtbus  aetts 

M  in  tlie  prcsent  instanco.  «^  scelus.     The  common  readmjr  appi 

781.  Oraris  ira  Junonis:  tiie  hcavy  an-  easiest,  which  lakes  Proh  icetm  as 

ger  of  Juno,  &c.     An  allusion  is  iierc  mado  clamaUon  or  intcrjccUon.    Oii  hornd 

to  tho  decisirm  of  Paris  in  tiio  case  of  the  -"^^'»  wirkcdnessl    Juno  bumed  tlie 

Giw  of  beauiy,  wiiicli  ovor  aftcr  madc  her  a  "l»'!»»'  ^y  mipelling  their  malrons  to  1 

tlor  eneiny  to  tlio  Trujan  race.     Peclns  797.  Tibi:  by  thoo — undcr  thy  ci 

Jp  Um  iMnM  of  'animui.  Tirotoction.    Si  :  in  Ihe  mom  of  nq% 


iENElS.    LIB.  V.  14» 

cssa  peto ;  si  dant  ea  maMiia  Parcnc. 
Sutuniiiis  Iia3C  domitor  iiians  edidit  alti ; 

ne  cst,  Cytherea,  ineis  te  fidere  re<rnis,  800     800.  Faa  ent  tf»  ndno 

L*nus  ducis  ;  nierui  quoque.     Sajpe  furores  omne  meis  regnis,  nnile 

;s:ii,  et  rabiem  tantam  ccelique  marisque  ;  *^"^"  «^"""•*'  "^**'"^ '«"« 

nor  in  terris,  Xanthum  Snnocnta<)uc  testor,  gQj   j^^j^.  niinor  cura 

iiiilii  cura  tui.     Cuin  Troia  Achilles  /tii/  mihi  tui  iHud»  in 

lata  secpiens  impingeret  agniina  inuris,  805  terris 

nulta  dai^t  leto,  gemerentque  replcti 

nec  reperire  viam  atcjue  evolvere  posscl 
3  se  Xanthus ;  Pelida;  tunc  ego  forti  808.  Tunc  ogo  cripui 

ssuni  .Eneam,  nec  Dis,  nec  viribus  ajquis,  ^^*  **"**?  ^nenra  coo- 

ava  eripui ;  cuperem  cuni  vertere  ab  iino        810  • 

iiieis  nianihus  perjuraB  ma;nii  Trojaj. 
uoqiie  mens  eadem  perstat  mihi :  pelle  timorem. 
quos  optas,  portus  accedet  Avcrni. 
rit  tantuin,  amissum  quein  gurgite  quaeret ; 
>ro  inuliis  dabitur  caput.  815 

ibi  la.*la  Desd  permulsit  pectora  dictis,  816.  Ubi  Genitor  m^> 

^A\uos  auro  Genitor,  spuinantiaque  addit  mul«ll»ta  pcctora  l>Mi 

feris,  manibus()ue  oiiines  effundit  habenas. 
(»  i)er  sumina  levis  volat  a;(}uora  curni : 
int  und<e,  tuiniduintpie  sub  axe  tonanti  820 

tr  aequor  aquis  :  fugiunt  vasto  xthere  nimbi. 

NOTES. 

'Vifn   Satumiut  domitor,    Mr.  Da-  reading  is  eurru^  but  Pierius  obsenres  tliat 

Hiorves  there  is  a  grandcur  aiid  bold-  all  tho  ancient  manuscripts  have  auro  in» 

Ihiii  line,  «uitable  to  the  tnajesty  of  8tead  of  eurru.     It  has  more  dignitj.  and 

8C  «peecli  )t  introduces,  wliich  niake  Kaves  tlio  diBagrecable  reputition  of  curru^ 

r  the  attention  of  tho  readcr.     jVep'  \\hich  occurs  in  the  nejct  iine  but  one.     Be- 

thc  son  of  Salum^  and  in  the  (li-  side,  nothing  is  niore  comnic  n  thaii  to  put, 

the  world  thc  sea  fell  to  hini  by  loU  by  racton.the  inetal  for  the  inHtrunicnt  niade 

lo  adj.  Salumiua^  aiid  alno  the  pro-  or  coniposed  of  it.  as  ftrrum^  for  a  sword, 

Dnmitur  alti  nuiris,    Edidit:  in  tlie  axc,  or  knife  ;  auro^  for  a  goldcii  bowl,  Scc, 
distf.  DavidHon  has  auro,      Heync  rcads  uuro 

^fuit   ^m\i».     This  alludcs    to    the  also :  in  the  sense  of  aurto  eurru, 
accouiit  of  hcr  springiiig  from  the         tilB.  Effundit:  in  the  sense  of  taxat,    Fe» 

tlie  Kca.  ris :  in  the  scnse  of  equis, 
ETanimttta  :    may  inean   ihat   tho         823.  Glauei,    Glaucus,  according  to  Ser- 

were  weary  and  out  of  brcath,  or  viua,  was  a  famous  fishermui  of  Anthedon 

hghted    and   struck    with  dismay.  iu  Beotia,  who,  having  laid  sonie  fishos  on 

"ti  :  drovc — forced.  thc  grass  that  he  had  just  C4iught,  pcrccived 

Wipni  rara  nube:  I  snatchcd  away  thera  to  recover  their  life  and  niotion,  snd 

llow  cloud    iEneas   cngagin^,  i:c.  to  leap  into  the  sea.     IIo  suppoyed  tlicre  was 

ountur  Hoincr  givetf  U8  inthe  twcn-  some  virtue  in  those  herbs  that  produced 

jk    of   thc   Iliad.      But  the  great  thisefFcct:  whereupon  he  tasted  thcin,  and 

'  which  Acliiiles  made  ainong  the  was  imraediately  transformed  inUi  a  sea-god, 

-oops,  sous  tochoaktherivur.sXan-  InoiiM  :  an  adj.  from  /no,  tlie  dtiughter  of 

Simoi»  with  their  dcad  bodies,  is  Cadinus.     Soe  Geor.  i.  437.     Senior  ehorut 

in  the  followingbook.     Ciimcupe'  Glauei:  by  eommutatio^  for  ehorus  senioris 

ugh  1  wished  to  ovcrtum  from  the  Gtauei,    These  were  the  nymphs  and  the 

m  tlie  walls,  Uc,    Sce  Qeor.  i.  502,  tritons,    Patttmon,    He  is  supposcd  by  sorm 

ii.  610.  to  be  the  god  whoin  the  Latins  womhippod 

'eulem  mens :  the  same  disposition.  under  the  name  of  Portunus.     He  was  oo 

*remi:  Avemus,  a  lake  in  Campa-  called  from  portus,  because  he  was  supposed 

abulous  descent  to  hell.     Soo  iEn.  to  preside  over  ports  and  harbors.     It  was 

thought  that  mariners  were  under  his  speciAl 

HTS .-  his  golden  car.    Tho  common  care  and  prolecUon.    Bm  ^\>  «Qi.^tiL 


%6U  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Stt.  Tum  variflP  faciM  Tuin  variae  coinitum  facies ;  imniania  cete, 
oomitum  apparent;  im-  jjt  senior  Glauci  chorus  inousque  Palsmon, 
"*""*  ^  Tritonesque  citi,  Phorcique  exercitus  omnis.  ^ 

8f&  L»Ya  ipaiia  mo'  Laeva  tenent  Thetis  et  Melite,  Panopeaque  viigOi      H 
*••  Nesiee,  S))io(iue,  Thaliaque,  Cymodoceque.  1 

Hic  patris  .^nece  suspensam  blanda  vicissim 
Gaudia  perlcntant  menteni :  jubet  ocyus  omnes 
Attolli  malos,  intendi  brachia  velis.  ^ 

Un^  omnes  fecere  |>edem :  pariterque  sinistros,         fll 
Nunc  dextros  solvere  sinus  :  unk  ardua  torquent 
Cornua  detorquenlque :  ferunt  sua  flamina  classem. 
Princeps  ante  omnes  densum  Palinurus  agebat 
Agmen  :  ad  hunc  alii  cursum  contendere  jussi. 

Jamque  fere  mediam  cobli  nox  humida  metam        II 
Contigerat :  placidft  lax&rant  membra  quiete 
837.  Nant»  ftm  per  Sub  remis  fusi  per  dura  sedilia  nautie : 

^**^***^^  *^  '*™"  ^^'"  ^®^*^  «Bihereis  delapsus  Somnus  ab  astris 
**^*^  Aera  dimovit  tenebrosum,  et  dispulit  umbras,  ' 

Te,  Palinure,  petens,  tibi  tristia  somnia  portans        II 
Insonti :  puppique  Deus  consedit  in  alti, 

NOTES. 

ttS4.  Omnit  exereiitu :  the  whole  army  of  — ^they  lengthened  or  thortened  it,  tniihi 

Fhorr.u8 — all  the  Nereidi,  whom  Phorcus  ed  it  from  one  side  of  the  ship  to  the  oUn 

wu  wont  to  collect.     He  waa  the  son  of  as  occaaion  required.    Pedem.    The  vetw 

Poniut  and  Terra^  and  father  of  the  Gor-  a  rope,  halser,  or  shoet,  fastened  to  the  Ifl 

^oru.     Trilonet.      Triton   was  the   son   of  er  comcrs  of  the  sail,  aiid  also  to  tbe  «i 

Neptune  and  Amphitrite.     His  upper  part  of  the  ship,  whon  slie  waHunder  sail.    Al 

was  like  a  man,  and  his  lower  part  likc  a  as  thcse  wero  Icngthened  or  vhortcned,  I 

rish.     Hc  was  said  to  be  Neptune^s  trum-  sail  would  be  turned  accordingly,  mnre  i 

pelcr.     He  UHcd  thc  ronr/ui,  or  shcll,  in  room  Icss  to  the  wind.     Soirere:   thoy  spreaiA 

of  a  truinpcl.  expand,  or  let  uut.     The  pcrf.  licre  is  oi 

826.  Thf^lis  tt  J^fclite^  8ic.  Thcsc  arc  tlie  in  its  approprialc  Hcnse.  It  continucs  ^ 
names  of  somo  of  tlic  sea-nymphs  *.-  all  of  past  action  up  to  tlic  time  in  whicli  it 
Greck  derivation.  Of  all  the  nymphs,  it  is  ninntioripd.  Sinus :  in  thc  Kcnse  of  td 
said  tliat  Panopea  waa  the  only  virgin.  Una — panterque.     Theuc  words  iinply  ll 

827.  Vicissim :  in  turn — in  thc  room  of  thcy  all  worked  tojE^Uicr  wilh  equal  eafl 
the  anxicty  wliich  he  had  bofore  felt  on  ac-  ness,  and  with  uniform  motions.  •Sintffri 
coiint  of  the  burning  of  his  ships :  now  they  tumed  the  sails  sometimcs  to  tlie  ri^ 
Bootliing  (plcasant)  juys,  &c.  and  sometimes  to  tlie  IcfY,  as  thc  wmd  Tai 

{H9.  Inltndi  brachia  vtlit.      When  they  ed  or  shiftcd.     In  nautical  language,  ik 

arrivcd  in  port,  it  was  usual  for  moriners  to  shiAed  thoir  tacks  as,  &c. 

takc  down  the  masts;    and,  when  thcy  de-  332.  Sua :  in  the  sense  of  protperaT^, 

partod,  to  rainc  them  up  agam.     Tho  intendi  f^^da  :  prosperous  galcs— favorable  win* 

1'rarfna  vetU.  is  tho  samc  in  import  as  inten-  ^33    p^           .   j„  ^^  ^^^^^  ^^  ^ 

di  veia  brachiu:  to  stretch  the  sails  to  the  Palinurus  was  thc  pilotof  theshipofin- 

yards.      Thc   brachta  wcre  thosc   parts  of  ^^  ^^j,  overboard,  and  was  drowned:  I 

the  anienn^.  or  sail  yards  wh.ch  were  ncar  ^^^,    ^^^  ,^^^  ^  ^^^  ^j^^j^  ^^^ 

the   mast,  hcro    put   for  the  whole  yards.  "^                            i_                i«               ix 

Thc  cxtrcmitics  of  the  antennip  wcre  called  ^^-  "'^g^i^  •  »"  the  sense  of  eiattem.  Oi 

cumua.     It  may  bc  obscrvcd,  howevcr,  that  if^ndere.     Palmurus  lod  Uie  fleet,  and  alll 

Iho  old  Roinan  copy  iias  inlendi  brachia  re-  other  ships  were  ordered  to  follow  hua- 

viis  :  he  ordors  their  arms  to  be  strctched  to  <*»'"ect  their  course  after  him. 

tlio  oars;    which  is  casicr,  and  in  VirgiPs  835.  Humida  nox :  humid  night  hadt 

Mtyle.     The  antenn<F.  werc  long  spars,  ex-  most  reached  the  middle  point  of  hetfi 

tending  across  thc  inast  at  right  anjjrlcs  ;  nnd  It  was  almost  midnight.     This  is  a  m^ 

to   which   thc   sails   wcre   fostencd.     Hcre  phoi  takcn  from  the  races.     It  had  alfli 

nallod   brachia^  from   thcir   rcsemblance  lo  rcached  the  tuming  poiiil. 

the  oxtcndcd  arins  of  a  inan  840.  Trittia  tomnia:  in  fhe  fiente  of  ft 

€30.  Fecerepedem:  they  wor  odthe  sheet  tem  vnl  Ifthalem  trmtunuu 


iENEIS.    LIB.  V.  aSl 

nti  nmilii,  fuditque  has  ore  loquelas : 

Palinure,  ferunt  ipsa  squora  classem, 

I;  ppirant  aurse,  datur  hora  quieti. 

aput,  fessosque  oculos  furare  labori.  846 

0  paulisper  pro  te  tua  munera  inibo. , 
:  attollens  Palinurus  lumina  fatur : 
nlis  placidi  vultum  fluctusque  quietos 

re  jiibes  ?  mene  huic  confidere  monstro  ?  '  B49.  Jubm-m  wm 

1  credam  quid  enim  fallacibus  Austris,  860 
i  toties  deceptus  fraude  sereni  ? 

icta  dalrat :  clavumque  affixus  et  hierens 

im  amittebat,  oculosque  sub  astra  tenebat 

>eus  ramum  Lethaeo  rore  madentem,  854.  Ecce  Dont  qtuis- 

toporatum  Stygift,  super  utraque  quassat  865  "^^   ramum    inadenteni 

ra;  cunctantique  natantia  lumina  solvit.  Lethw>roro,  ■oporatum 

mos  inopina  quies  laxaverat  artus,  2totque^tSpo«    ""^' 

ir  incumbens,  cum  puppis  parte.  revulsi, 

e  gubernftclo,  liquidas  projecit  in  undaa 

item,  ac  socios  nequicquam  saepe  vocantem.    860 

•lans  tenues  se  sustulit  ales  in  auras. 

iter  tutum  non  seciiks  »quore  classis,  862.  Cliflrifcarrhiter 

sisque  patris  Neptuni  interrita  fertur.  «»*  •quoro  non  seciib  tu- 

3  aded  scopulos  Sirenum  advecta  subibat,  ^'  ferturque  intenriu 

NOTES.  • 

PhorbmUu    Phorbae  waa  oneof  the  leaninff  againet  him,  threw  him  headlongf, 

Priam.  &c.    The  ei  here  muit  have  the  foroe  of 

fande,    laeiue  was  some  Trojan,  the  rtifii,  aa  Mr.  Davidaon  very  juiitly  obeerves. 

r  p-andfather  of  Palinurus.  The  part  of  the  ship  which  Palinurus  carried 

Equaia:  steady — fair.    Sothatthey  with  him  into  the  sea,  enabled  him  to  6oat 

iie  sails,  in  nautical  ianguage,  %nng  three  days.     See  £n.  vi.  350. 

g*.  8^.  ffequicquam :  in  vain;  because  hia 

fiit6o  .*  I  will  discharge  your  offices,  companions  were  asleep,  and  could  afford 

him  no  assistanc<. 

Me-nejtibet:  do  you  bid  me  to  dis-  861.  ^Us:   in  the  sense  of  celer,     ipje, 

Lhe  fmce  of  the  calm  se&,  and  the  nempe  Deut  tomnut, 

X  rest?  do  you  bid  me  to  trust  to  862.  Abn  teeiut  luhtm:  in  the  sense  ol 

earancef    Asif  hehadsaid:  though  non  minut  tuium,    /n/errt/a:  safe,  withcul 

of  the  sea  be  sinooth,  and  its  waves  fear  of  danger.    Seeura^  says  Rucus. 

[  am  not  so  ig^norant  of  sailinff,  as  to  864.  Seopulot  Sirenum:  the  rocks  of  the 

that  circumstanco ;  the  winds  may  Sirenes.     Sulnbai :  was  approaching — waa 

f    rise,  and   things    be    materially  coming  to.    Clattit  u  understood.     The  Si 

Salis :  in  the  sense  of  marit,  renet  are  said  to  have  been  three  beautif\i] 

Ei:  in  the  seiiseof  eKom.*  evenlso  women,  who  inhabited  steep  rocks  on  the 

ceived,  iic  sea-coast,  whither  thoy  allured  passengera 

Rore:  in  the  sense  of  aqua.  by  the  sweotness  of  their  music,  and  Uien 

Soporaium  rt :  impregnated  with  a  put  them  to  death.    They  are  fabJed  to  have 

quality.     By  this,  Servius  under-  been  the  daughters  of  Achelout^  and  CalH- 

.  mortal  or  deadly  quality ;  such  as  ope,    One  sung.  one  played  on  the  flute,  and 

his  death.  one  on  the  lyre.     The  poets  say,  it  was  de- 

Vunctanii:  to  him  struggling  against  creed  that  they  should  live  till  some  person 

ndeavoring  to  keep  awake.    Solcii:  should  be  able  lo  resist  their  charms.     Ulys- 

tnse  ofelaudit.  ses  being  informed  of  this  by  Circe,  escaped 

l^rimot  artut,     Sleep  is  here  repre-  the  fatal  snare  by  sloppin^  the  ears  of  his 

js  creeping,  or  diffVising  itself  over  companions  with  waz,  and  fastoning  himself 

ral  mcmlyrre  of  the  body,and  rf/ox-  to  the  mai^  of  his  ship.     Upon  which  thoy 

.1  one  afler  another.     The  primot  threw  themseJves  into  the  sea  in  dcspair, 

y  mean  the  extremities  of  the  body,  and  were  transformed  into  fishes  /rom  tha 

•m  apt  to  be  firet  affected  with  sleep.  waiat  downward.     The  truth  of  the  table  ie 

Sl  tuper-ineumbenM:  when  (thegod)  this:  they  were  lewd  wom«ii^  viVio^ V|  ^^mkl 


85,  P.  VIRGU.II  MARONIS 

668.  Ciira  paterwSJnc-  Difliciles  quondam,  multoninique  ossdbus  alboa; 
w  «enwt  ratein  orrare  'p^^^  yauca  assiduo  longe  sale  saxa  soiiabanl: 
lluitantcm,  niufriHtra   a-  /^^  ^  a   -^     a 

niiwo  ei  Cuiii  pater  aniisso  fluitaiitem  errare  magistro 

870.  ()  Paliniire,  in-  Sensit,  et  ipse  ratem  nocturnis  rexit  in  undia, 
quU^  iiiiiiiriin  coiiHue  sc-  Multa  geinens,  casu<iue  animum  concuasus  aroici : 
rono  ccolo  et  pclago,  nu-  Q  nimium  ccjdIo  et  pelago  confise  sereno, 
diui    jacobi»   m   ignota  ^^^^^  j^  -^^  Palinure,  jacebis  arenA. 
aroiia* 

N0TE8. 

charmi^  enticcd  inon  to  dobauchery.    The  adrifl — ^to  be  carried  here  and  thart 

place  of  tiicir  rcRidcnce  was  in  the  three  pleasure  of  the  winde  and  waves. 

ulandK  called  Sirenusit^  in  tho  Sinu*  PtFJta-  870.  O  nimium  eof\fUc :  O  P&Iiiiurai 

AU4,  iii  ihc  Tyrrhcnc,  or  Tuscan  soa.    Their  ing  too  much,  Slc,    Alneas  had  been 

names  were  Leucosia^  Ligea^  and  Parlhe"  and  he  speaks  only  by  conjecture  m 

nape.  caueo  of  his  misfortune,  not  knowiiH 

865.  /;i^V^^*;  dangcroua  on  accountof  god  Aad  thrown  him  overboard.    Tl 

Uie  roL-ks  and  «hoals.     jiibo»  ossibut :  white  ^^  ^e  caae  is  this :  Palinurua  waa  oi 

with  Uie  boncH  of  ship-wrocked  marinorB.  ^y  ■l«ep  in  spite  of  his  efforXs  to  keey i 

867.  Assiduosult:  with  a.constant  daah-     ''''^'J^^^nTd^''^n^''l^^ 

ing  of  the  wavc»  again.t  the  rocke.  JJ^y  .^  0^^*^^«  tiie^  kUM 

868.  Erra^e  fluUaniem :  to  stray,  or  go    inhabitanta.     See  iEn.  vi.  387. 

QUESTIONS. 

How  dooB  this  book  open.'  What  befel  Nisus? 

What  is  its  nature  and  character  f  Who  was  nezt  to  hiro  ? 

What  happened  to  .£neas  sooii  ailer  he  And  why  did  not  Salins  obtain  th 

was  out  to  sea?  What  was  the  third  gamo  ? 

To  what  place  was  he  forced  to  direct  hit  What  is  the  nature  of  the  gauntk 

eourse  f  Can  it  be  practised  in  an  improf 

At  what  placc  in  Sicily  did  he  land.'  of  socicty? 

Ho w  was he  receivcd  by  his  friend  Accstcs.'  What  did  Lycurgus  ih  regard  to  tl 

What  did  if  Jiea»  do  soon  aflcr  his  arrival?  of  cxercisc^ 

llovv  loiiiT  liad  Aachiscs  bccn  dead?  Who  entered  the  list  on  tlie  ptf 

Did  hu  institiite  gaincrf  in  honor  of  him.'  Trojans  in  this  gamc^ 

How  many  kinds  of  gaines.^  Had  Dares  distinguished  himMll 

Froin  vvhoin  wero  they  imitatcd.^  fight  bcfore? 

In  hoiior  of  wlioin  were  Homcr^s  games  Whoin   had   he    slain   on    the  fl 

inalituledr  Troy? 

By  u  }ioin  werc  tiicy  institutcd  ?  With  whom  was  he  accastomeA* 

In  what  book  of  the  Jliad  is  the  account  tend  at  Troy? 

of  thoni  given  ?  Was  Paris  said  to  be  superior  tm 

What  do  you  undcrstond  by  eareer^  when  at  tho  gauntlet? 

applied  to  races  iii  general?  Who  was  the  antagonisA  of  D«M 

What  l)y  mnfa  /  Who  was  Entellus  ? 

Why  19  tiie  word  limen  sometimes  used  What  was  his  age? 

for  tlie  slartiiig  placc?  What  was  tho  issue  of  the  conlMi 

Wliat  was  the  first  gamo?  What  wan  tlio  fourth  game? 

How  inariy  ships  or  golleys  contendod  Wliere  was  tho  bird  suspended?  r 

for  the  [irize  ?  Whosc  arrow  cut  tlie  cord  by  wk 

Who  \va«  the  first  conquoror  ?  bird  was  bound  ? 

To  what  cirouinstance  does  the  poet  at-  Whose  arrow  piercod  her? 

tributc  liis  victory  ?  Where  was  tlie  bird  at  that  rooMl 

Who  was  tJie  Kccond  victor?  Whose  brother  was  Eurytion? 

Did  Mncstheus  inake  any  animated  ad-  What  is  Pandarus  said  to  hare  4l 

dre8s  to  hin  oarsmen?  ring  the  Trojan  war?                         ■! 

What  (lid  hn  call  thom?  Was  he  a  distinguiahed  archer?  ^. 

Wiiut  efTect  iiad  this  address  upon  them?  Is  it  said  that  he  received  diviaal 

What  was  tiie  second  game?  Who  last  shot  his  arrow?             a 

Wiio  cntcred  thc  list  for  the  prizes?  What  happened  to  it  aa  it  peHiCl 

Who  took  tlic  first  prize?  the  air?                                                i 

How  did  it  happen  that  Eiuyalut  caroe  In  what  liglit   waa  Ihie  eonri^ 

outtJie  fint?  iEneaa?                                             4 


J 


iENElS.  LIB.  VI. 

ir  Moothnyeri  interpret  tho  omen,  What  did  he  ccll  it  ? 

,  in  a  RatiKtacTtory  munncr?  In  the  iiican  tinie,  did  tlie  |rho«t  4>f  liM 

r M    it    altorward  undorttood  to  father  appear  to  hini  in  a  Tision  f 

What  direction  did  it  givts  him  ? 

aa  the  fifUi  gaine  ?  Having  repaired  hin  Hoet,  to  what  plaoe 

j  give  me  an  accouut  of  tlib  ca-  did  he  direct  his  course  ? 

In  his  voyage,  did  he  loee  hia  pilot  inwr» 

ite  the  leaders  f  board  ? 

tLsiy  iunma^  or  companiea,  were  How  was  that  effocted,  and  bj  whoiu^ 

Who  were  the  Sirenes  ? 

se    instigation  was  the  fleet  of  How  many  iii  number  were  there  ? 

on  fire  ?  What  were  they  said  to  do  i 

is  Iris?  How  did    Ulysses  escape  when  lie  ap* 

.t  kind  of  business  was  she  usu-  proached  Uieir  shores  ? 

yed  ?  Wliat  islands  didtlicy  inhabit  ? 

uiy  ships  were  destroyed  ?  What  were  they  supposcd  to  be  ? 

18  the  fire  finally  extinguished  ?  What  became  of  them  at  last  ? 

aa  the  dcsign  of  tho  Trojan  wo-  Af\er  his  arrival  in  itaJy,  did  £neaa  fol* 

ming  their  ships  ?  low  the  direction  of  his  father  ? 

ev  weary  of  their  long  voyage  ?  Who  conducted  him  to  the  regions  be* 

ffect  had  the  loss  of  these  ships  low? 

nind  of  iEneas  ?  Who  was  this  Sibyl  ? 

9urse  was  he  advised  to  pursue  Where  did  she  reside  ? 

?  What  was  the  place  whence  she  deliTorad 

found  a  city  for  those  who  were  her  predictions  ? 

remain  in  SidUj  ?  By  what  god  was  she  inspirM* ' 


LIBER  SEXTUS. 


e  of  those  books  which  Virgil  read  in  the  presence  of  Augustns  and  OctaTHU 
ject  is  the  descent  of  iEneas  to  the  infemal  regions.  After  his  arrival  \n  Italy, 
T^^  immediately  to  the  cave  of  the  Sibyl,  where  he  leamed  tho  difficulties  that 

liiin  before  his  poaceful  settlement.     He  thon  consults  her  about  hiti  intendud 

She  informed  him  of  the  danger  of  the  ontorprise,  and  that  he  mu8t,  m  the 

ce,  obtdin  a  golden  bough  from  a  certain  treo  which  was  sacred  to  Hcrate.    8lie 

forms  him  tliat  one  of  his  friends  lay  dead  on  the  shore,  and  directs  him  to 

his  funeral  rites,  and  aAerward  come  and  offer  sacrifice.  He  retumt>u  to  his 
ions,  aiid  found  MiMcnus  dead.  Having  found  the  golden  bough,  he  goes  to  th« 
rho  coiiducts  him  down  to  hell.  She  describea  to  him  the  various  sccnes  oi*  thoso 
as  they  pass  along,  and  shows  him  the  soveral  apartments ;  in  one  of  whidi  he 
io.  He  attempts  to  address  her,  but  sho  tums  froni  him  in  proud  diRdain.  He 
x:oeds  till  he  coiues  to  the  residonce  of  his  father  ;.  who  explains  tu  hiin  ihe  na- 
trannmigration  according  to  the  notion  of  Pythagoras,  and  shows  hini  the  ilhu- 
'ace  of  heroes  that  should  descend  from  liim.  AAer  which  he  reiurns  lo  Uie 
egiona,  through  the  ivory  gate,  and  rovisits  his  companions. 
k  i^  entirely  episodical,  and  intermpts  Uie  thrcad  of  the  story.  It  is  probable 
riril  took  the  hint  of  conducting  his  hero  to  the  regions  of  the  dead,  froin  Her^ 
>rpheuB,  Ulysses,  and  others,  who  had  visited  Uieni  before.  TliiM  gave  nim  an 
inity  of  elucidaUng  Uie  economy  of  thoso  regions  according  to  Uie  doctrines  of 
oras,  Plato,  and  othcr  philosophers ;  of  inculcating,  in  the  most  forcible  manner 
le«  of  morality  and  roligion  ;  of  developing  the  leading  incidonts  of  Roman  h^ 
td  of  flattering  the  yanity  of  his  countrymen,  and  his  priiice. 
arburton  considers  this  book  as  an  allegorical  reprosentaUon  of  tho  Eleusinian 
e$^  at  one  Ume  very  much  celebrated  through  Greece.  But  there  is  a  difliculty 
inierpretaUon.  A  considerable  porUon  of  the  book  cannot  be  considored  in  that 
fbr  it  contains  a  biographical  sketch  of  the  principal  characters,  from  ^neaa 
>  the  ume  of  Augustus,  and  embraces  the  most  important  events  connvcted  with 
maii  govemment.  Besides,  it  is  not  certain  that  Virgil  was  ever  initiated  intA. 
/■teries ;  and,  if  ii  were,  it  is  doing  injusUce  to  hia  cliaxaciai  \o  «a^^^ona  \k<a  viwiA 

#   24 


854  ^*  VIRGIUi  MARONIS 

«tivulge  theni;  when  every  one  that  was  admitted,  boond  huneeli^  in  tbe  nMMH  ni 
manper,  to  keep  them  ■ecret,  and  from  the  knowledge  of  the  vulgar.  Hejne  <Am 
tliere  is  lome  reaemblance  between  the  myBteriea  and  the  machinery  of  the  poel ;  bi 
consider  the  book  aa  an  allegory,  destroys  the  force  and  beauty  of  the  whole.  J 
Unulem  omnit  qnea  vit  ei  poetiea  nutviiat^  tiret  a  poeta  narraitLad  aliegoriam  retm 
sayi  he. 
Thoee  who  would  aee  the  subetance  of  the  arguments  on  both  sidei,  may  consult  M'Kl 
on  the  £pistIee<-4ntroduction  to  the  epintle  to  the  Ephesians. 

SIC  fatur  lachrymans,  classique  iminittit  habenas: 

Et  tandem  Euboicis  Cumanim  allabitur  orb. 

Obvertunt  pelago  proras :  tum  dente  tenaci 

Anchora  fundabat  naves,  et  litora  curve 

Praetexunt  puppes :  juvenum  manus  emicat  ardeni 

Litus  in  Hesperium  :  qusrit  pars  semina  flammc,    ^ 

7.  Pars  rapit  tylvas,  Abstnisa  in  venis  silicis  ;  pars  denm  ferarum  " 

monstratou^    «eranim,  q^g^.j^  ^^^^^  sylvas,  invertaque  flumina  moristrat. 

At  pius  ^neas  aroes,  quibus  altus  Apollo 

10.    Immaneque   an-  praesidet,  horrendaeque  procul  aecreta  Sibvllae, 
trum.    secrcta    Sibvlle   a    .  •  ?•.  *  • 

horrend»    procul ;    cui  Antnim  immane,  petit :  magnam  cui  roentem  aiiimia| 

nnlius  vateii  inspirat       Delius  inspirat  vates,  aperitque  futura.  ' 

Jam  subeunt  Triviae  lucos,  atque  aurea  tecta.  j 

Dasdalus,  ut  fama  est,  fugiens  JVtinoia  regna,  j 

Praepetibus  pennis  ausus  se  credere  coelo, 

Insuetum  per  iter  gelidas  enavit  ad  Arctos,  ' 


T 


NOTES. 

1.  Sie/hiw.  This  refers  to  what  he  said  keepe  her  consultors  at  an  awful  iSM 
in  tlie  two  last  lines  of  the  preceding  book.  and  fences  the  approachea  to  her  caveV 
O  nemiiim  cor\Ji»e^  Sic,  Immittit:  he  gives  ProetU,  O  procui  ette^  profani  I  '^ 
full  reins  to  his  flcet.  Ii  iinplies  that  the  II.  Cuimagnam:  whose  great  miBl 
wind  woA  fair,  ondvthat  tho  ships  were  un-  soul  Apollo  inspires.  Cui  has  thc  Mii 
der  full  sail.  eujxit.     Ment  properly  sigrnifieff  the  ii 

This  is  a  common  metaphor,  taken  from  staiiding — animut^  the  soul.     Dehut  4 

tho  hoffic  and  his  rider.  Apollo.      Ho  is  called  Uelian  from  J 

2.  Euhoicis :  an  adj.  of  Eubaa^  an  island  the  place  of  his  btrth. 

m   the   ii-Lifoan   sea,    lying   to  tho   east  of        13.  Triinct,     Trivia,   a  name  of  0 

Achaia;    hudiu,    J^egropont.      From   hcnce  Aurea  tecta.     This  was  the  templebd 

Me^aithencs^  of  the  city   of  ChalciR,  trans-  ApoHo  by  Dsd&lus. 
planted  a  eolony  into  Italy,  and  built  CiiTTtff,         14.  Dcpdalut.     An  Atlienian  artisl« 

a  town  in  Campania.     Henco,  Eubolcit  orit  having  put  to  death  Ferdixs  his  sistffit 

Cumarum.  for  rivalling  him  in  his  art,  flcd  to  i 

4.  Anckora  fundabat :  the  anchor  moored  whero  he  soon  incurred  the  displcan 
the  ships.  Fundabat :  in  the  sense  of  tene^  Minos^  tben  king  of  that  island,  for  asi 
bai,  his  wife  Pasiphae^  in  carrying  on  her  ai 

5.  Puppet :  here  uscd  in  its  appropriate  with  Taurut :  and,  on  that  accoual 
■ense — Ihe  stenis  of  the  ships.  confined  with   his  son  lcarut   in   a  I 

6.  Semina:  thc  seeds— tlie  sparks  of  fire.  He  escaped,  however,  by  the  help  of  1 

8.  Rapit :  plundertt  the  wood  ;  for  the  He  flew  into  Sicily,  according  to  Pam 
pnrpoHe  of  collecting  fuel.  Rueus  says,  col-  and  Diodorut;  but,  accordin|r  to  Vii^ 
Itgil  tifrjia  arborum.  Denta  tecta^kc.  \a  put  others,  to  Cuma^  where  he  built  thisl 
in  apposition  with  tylvat,  to  ApoIIo,  for  conducting  him  safe  i 

9.  Arcfis :  in  the  sense  of  templum.     We  flight  through  the  airy  element. 

aro   intbrnied  tliat  a  temple  was   built  to         16.  Enavit.     There  is  such  a  szM 

Apollo  in  this  place,  in  the  form  of  a  cave,  between  sailing   or  swimminfr,  and  1 

Uiat  scenicd  to  bc  hollowed  out  of  a  rock.  that  thc  terms  which  propcrly  iH^Iong 

In  the  inniost  part  of  this  temple,  was  the  one,   are    indiscriminately   applied  \ 

^otlo,  or  coll,  of  tho  Sibyl.  other.     A  ship  is  said  to  fli/  Uirough' 

40.  I-formtdfr  jtrocut.     The  avenucs  and  quid  element,  and  Mercury  is  «uiid  tt 

approacheN  to  hiTccll  were  (?/</«/  and  ir/oomj/^  through  tho  air.     A*n.  iv.  i45.     And  1 

for  a  considerable  distanco.     It  is  tiie  pecu-  lus,  on  wings,  swmn  to  the  cold  noH 

li^i»  '^»ncteristic  of  this  SibyK   thaf    she  consecratod  remqttutn  aiarum^  Xhom 


iBNElS.    LIB.  VI.  359 

ue  levis  tendcm  superadstitit  arce. 
i  primikm  terris,  tibi,  Phoebe,  sacravit 

ihrum  ;  posuitque  immania  templa.  ^     ».  fa  foribu.  \oU>um 

ctum  Androgei :  tum  pendere  pcenas  20  Androgei  uulptumerat: 

Jussi,  miserum !  septena  quotaunis  tum    Cecropids    joMi 

torum  :  stat  ductis  sortibus  uma.  quotannis  pendere  poi- 

I  mari  respondet  Gnossia  tellus.  ^^  ^  misenim !  nem- 

3  amor  tauri,  8upp6staque  furto  P^  *"  **P^*"*  *^^'»'°'* 

nxtumque  genus,  prolesque  biformis  26     ^^  m^  jne^i  crudeli. 

inest,  Veneris  monumenta  nefands  amor    tauri,    Pasiphae 

le  domOs,  et  inextricabihs  error.  que  suppdsta  furto,  Mi- 

ginaB  sed  enim  miseratus  amorem  noUurusque  mixtum  ge- 

se  dolo,  tecti  ambage«,ue  re«.lvit,  rAumtT^^^rfi^d^ 

is  nlo  vestigia.     Tu  quoque  magnam  30  VeneriB. 

re  in  tanto,  sineret  dolor,  Icare,  haberes.  31.  Si  dolorpatru 

NOTES. 

had  cut  his  wij  through  the  side  arose  the  island  of  Crete— Pasaphaei 

▼ide  the  water.   But  what  gives  the  wife  of  Minos^the  Minotaur — the  La^ 

priety  to  these  phrases,  is,  that  byrinth,  and  the  ingenious  workmen  (De* 

t  the  inventor  of  navigation  hy  dalus)  ezplaining  its  mysteries  to  Theseus; 

lils ;  and  that  his  wings  were  all  these  were  in  carved  work.    Potuit :  in 

than  the  sails  of  the  ship,  in  the  sense  of  mdificavit.    Pendere  pamas :  to  . 

sped  from  Crete.    Enavii  •  ta  make    retribution   or    satisfaction    for  the 

advolavit.  crime. 

dica:   an  adj.  from  Chalcit^  a        21.  Ceeropida:   the  Athenians  so  called 

!s.     See  2.  supra.     Chalcidiea  from  Ctcrope^  their  first  king.     He  built  the 

ty  of  Cttma.    Here  Dfedalus  city  of  Athens,  and  called  it  Cecropia. 
D  Italy ;  and  built  the  temple        23.  Onostia  telliu :  Crete.     Onostia  :   an 

hich  iEneas  is  ahout  to  enter.  adj.  from  Onossus^  a  city  of  that  island. 
t  he  first  went  to  Sardania,  and        24.  ^mor  lauri.     Pasiphae,  the  wifa  of 

to  ItaJy.    Reddiius :    having  Minos,  and  daughter  of  the  Snn,  was  fabled 

to  bave  fallen  in  love  with  a  beautiful  buU, 

^ei :   gen.  of  Androgeus.    He  and  to  have  gratified  her  passion  by  a  cou- 

>f  Minos ;  and  frequentin^  the  trivance  of  Dedalus,  who  shut  hor  up  in  a 

at  Athens,contracted  a  friend-  wooden  cow.     From  this  unnatural  con- 

te   sons  of  Pallas,   brother  to  nezion  sprang  the  Minotaur,  a  monster  half 

of  Athens.    Not  having  as  yet  man  and  half  bull,  that  fed  on  human  flesh; 

d  Theseus  to  be  his  son ;  and  and   devoured  the  Athenian  youth,  whom 

ndroseus  to  have  entered  into  a  Minos  shut  up  in  the  Labyrinth.     The  truth 

ith  hisiiephew  to  dethronehim,  of  the  story  is  this:  Pasiphae  foll  in  love 

>yed  aBsassins  to  take  away  his  with  a  nobfeman  of  the  court,  whose  name 

enge  this  atrocious  deed,  Minos  was  Taurus ;  and  roade  Dedalus  her  confi« 

*on  him,  and  forced  him  to  sue  dant,  who  kept  it  concealed,  and  even  lent 

rhis  was  granted  on  the  condi*  his  house  to  the  lovers.     Supposita  furto, 

thould  every  year,  or,  as  others  This  refers  to  Pasiphae^s  being  shut  up  in 

ird,  or  ninth  year,  pay  a  taz  of  the  wooden  cow  that  she  might  receive  the 

r  young  men,  and  as  many  vir-  embrace  of  the  bull — substituted   throiieh 

•re  chosen  by  lot  as  victims,  for  artifice  or  contrivance  in  tbe  room  of  a  cov/. 
tion  of  their  country.     Some        26.  Inest :    in  the  sense  of  seuiptus  est 

irogeus  having  been  repeatediy  Veneria  nefandet:  of  ezecrable  lust. 

the  public  garoes  of  Greece,        27.  Labor  domHs^  &c.    fiy  these  we  are 

Dvy  and  jealousy  of  some  per-  to  understand  the  Labyrinth.     See  JEn.  ?. 

rocured  bis  death.     However  588. 

be,  bis  death  brought  upon  the        28.  Miseratus  magnum :  Dndalus,  pilyinf 

varwith  Minos,  hisfathcr,then  the  great  love  of  the  queen,  discuvers  (to 

s.  '  Theseus)  the  deccption  and  intricacies  of 

of  Androgens  was  represented  tlie  structure,  &c     Theseus,  tho   son   of 

or  doors  of  the  temple,  the  ^geus,  king  of  Athens,  propoeed  to  go  to 

ith  sent  as  aa  ezpiation  for  the  Creto,  along  with  the  victims,  to  fight  tlie 

ttd^  and  the  um  ih>m  which  Minotaur  in  tbe  Labyriiilb.    Ktvadx^  \^«k 

drawn.    On  the  oppoiite  daaghter  of  JtftHM  tnd  Pati|rfuM^  tiVkAyGC^ 


SSd  P.  VlRGILIl  MARONIS 

Bis  conatus  erat  casiu  efiinsere  in  auro  ; 
Bis  patrise  cecid^re  manus.     Quin  protinChs  omiMi 
S4.  Ni  Achates  p«e-  Perlegerent  oculis ;  ni  jam  prsmissus  Achates 
mmM  ad  Sibyllam  ab  Affbrel ;  atque  un^  Phojbi  Triviajque  sacerdoa, 

jHka^  oliSK  ^"^P*^^*^^.  ^*"^^!'  ^"'"■*  ^"*  ^**^  ^^«5' '' 
Glauci,  sacerdoi  .  ^^"  ^^  i^^^  ^i^i  tempus  spectacula  poscit 

Nunc  grege  de  intacto  septem  mactare  juvencof 
Pra^stiterit,  totidem  lectas  de  more  bidentes. 

40.  Sacerdos    affata      Talibus  aflata  iEneam,  nec  sacra  morantur 
Aneam    talibui    vtrbit  Jussa  viri,  Teucros  vocat  alta  in  templa  sacerdoi. 

^^^  TeucroB  Excisum  Euboicae  latus  inffens  rupis  in  antnun ; 

41.  Ingens  latui  Eu-  ^    »  ,  ,.    .  ^      ,.  **  ■ .  ' 
boic®  rupis  exciBum  «/  Q"^  ^^^^  ducunt  aditus  centum,  osUa  centum  ; 

in  Unde  ruunt  totidcm  voces,  responsa  Sibyll».  r 

Ventum  erat  ad  limen,  ciim  virgo,  Poscere  fata 
46.  Cui  fanti  talia  an-  Tempus,  ait :  Deus,  ecce,  Deus !     Cui  talia  fiinti    ^ 
te  foreB,  subito  non  «/  ^nte  fores,  subitd  non  vultus,  non  color  unua, 

un\t$  Tultus,  non   unua  xt  *«.  a ^         j         *  l  i  i 

color ;  comi  non  man-  ^^^"  comptffi  mans^re  coma; :  sed  pectus  anheluii,  J 

■^re  compte;  sed  poctus  Et  rabie  fera  corda  tument;  mtyorque  videri,  3 

anhelum  tsi^  et  tjut  fera  Nec  mortale  sonans  :  afflata  est  numine  quando      • 
corda     tument     rabie  :  Jam  propiore  Dei.     Cessas  in  vota  precesque, 

mma  'moriale.^^  "   ***"  Attonitae  inagna  ora  dom(^s.     Et  talia  fata, 
•    62.  Ant^   quam  emi-  Conticuit.     Gelidus  Teucris  per  dura  cucurrit 
Btrit  vota  precesque.         Ossa  tremor;  fuditque  preces  rex  pectore  ab  imo: 

Phcebe,  graves  Trojae  semper  miserate  labores, 

NOTE8. 

i 

Virgil  hcre  calls  reginot  fell  in  love  with  The-  rioos  sculpture  of  the  temple,  had  noli 

eeus,  and  taught  him  how  to  vanquiah  the  tes,  &c.     Pro/tnta:  in  thesenseofmiil 

Minotanr^  and  also  gave  him  a  clew,  which  PerUgereni :  in  the  sense  of  perUgim^ 
shc  had  receivod  from  DiDdalus,  whereby  he         35.  Afforet:  in  the  sense  of  redieimi 
could  cxtri(;alc  himself  frum  the  Labyrinth.         38.  Jntacto :  untouched  by  theyokt 
It  \vu8  agrcod  as  a  condition  of  the  combaL,         39.  Bidentes :  in  the  sense  of  orec. 
that   it*  Tliescus   killcd   the   Minotaur,  the         40.  J^^ee  viri  morantur:  nor  do  tht 

Athenian  youths  should  be  relcased.  and  his  (the  Trojans)  delay  to  perform  her  1 

country  tVeed  from  that  humiliating  condi>  commands  conceming  offering  sacriiiflC 

tion.     Theseus  was  victorious.     Bytheclew  eerdos.    The  daughter  of  Glaucus.  Sl 

we  arc  to  understand  the  plan  and  contri-  thc  priestess,  attendant  upon  the  Sibjl 

vance   of   the   Labyrinth.     Enim:   in   the  was  at  this  time  in  her  cc^l  or  cave.  M 

sensc  of  equidem.  This  isthe  saroe  with  atta  templa  intft 

29.  Rfsolvit:  in  the  ccnse  of  fXTi/irut/.  ceding  lino.  Bythis  wearenottoundc 

30.  Oca:  in  thc  sense  of  incerta,  the  temple  of   Apollo  already  meat 

31.  Icare.     Icarus,  as  the  table  goes,  was  but  the  residence  of  the  Sibyl — boi 
the  son  and  associate  of  Doedahis.     He  at-  hcre  called  temptum, 

tempted  to  inake  his  escape  irom  Crete  by  45.  yenlum  erat :  thcy  had  come 

the  hel])  of  wings,  but  bein^  unable  to  ma-  cntrancc  of  the  cave,  when,  &c    Fk 

nage  theni  with  dcxterity,  he  wandered  from  the  sense  oforaeula,    £«|  is undento* 

his  way.  and  fell  into  the  iEgean  sea,  and  tempus. 

was  drounrd.     He  gavc  namc  to  lcarus^  an  46.  Ecee,  Deut:  behold,  the  god,t 

island  bctwccn  Samos  and  Mycene.  is  hcre— Apollo. 

33.  Patria  manus  cecidere.  Diedalus  at-  47.  6u6t7on(mru2/ia:8uddenIyherc 
temptcd  to  reprcsent  Uie  calamity  {casus)  of  nance  changes,  and  hercolorcomesii 
Icarus,  but  his  grief  and  sorrow  prcvented  50.  Q tian</o yam  o/^a/a  e«/ :  when  9 
him.  He  attemptod  it  twice,  and  twice  his  is  inspired  with  a  nearer  influenceoft 
hands  failed  ;  othcrwise  Icarus  would  haTO  Apollo.  Cestat :  doet  thoa  delmy  to 
mado  a  distinguished  figure  in  the  carved  tows  and  prayersf  Jfeque:  inthei 
work.  non. 

34.  Perlegerent  omnia  :  tho  Trojans  would         57.  Qtit  dirixH  Dardana  Id^ :  wl 
oxamined  all  the  carved  work  mnd  cu-    diroct  the  Trojan  darta,  mnd  tho  hi 


iENEIS.    LIB.  VI.  857 

iridis  dir^xti  tela  manusque 

^idffi  :  magnas  obeuntia  terraa 

Lvi,  duce  te,  penitusque  rep^stas  59.  Te  duco,  intmT' 

68,  pretentaquc  Syrtibus  arva  :  60  tot  maria  obeuntia  maf - 

iliae  fugientb  prendimus  oras.  ^    ^"^    gonto«nw 

muB  fuerit  fortuna  secuta.  J^S         ^       "" 

rgames  jam  fas  est  parcere  genti, 

omnes,  quibus  obstitit  Ilium,  et  ingens 
ae.     Tuque,  6  sanctissima  vates,  66 

i,  da,  non  indebita  posco  66.  Da  Teucroi,  «r- 

is,  Latio  considere  Teucros,  rantesque    Doot,  agita- 

5os,  agitataque  numina  Trojas.  taquo     numina    Troj* 

TriviiE  solido  de  marmore  templa  con«dere  tn  Latio,  non 

sque  dies  de  nomine  Phcebi.  70  «^^ 

rna  manent  regnis  penetralia  nostris. 
le  tuas  sortes,  arcanaque  fata 
ti  ponam  ;  lectosque  sacrabo, 
)Iiis  tantum  ne  carmina  manda,  .     » 

int  rapidis  ludibria  ventb :  76  ,  ^^'  ^•/".'k'^  ^""^T 

.     i^  mem  dedit  ore  loquendi.  ventis:  oro  tu  iu  ipsa 

^ndum  patiens  immanis  in  antro  canas  ea  ex  are, 

NOTES. 

9  ^odv  of  AchilloB.    It  is  institule  a  houte  or  ternple,    Our  language 

was  killed  by  Parie  in  tho  will  not  admit  of  this  libertjr  and  freedora  of 

,  at  Trpj.  expression.     See  JEn,  vii.  431,  and  ^n.  viii. 

OT  dirtxisti^  by  syncope.  410.     Some  copiea  have  constiluam. 

tdtta*:  far  remote.  71.  Te  quoque  magna:  a  spacioua  sanc- 

The  Mfusyliy  a  people  of  tuarj  too  awaits  thee  in  our  rcaliijn.     Thia 

le  Africana  iu  geiicral,  or  alludcs  to  the  shrine  or  eanctuary  in  the 

aiana  in  particular.      See  templo  of  Jupiter  Capitolinusy  where   the 

ienta:  lying  before.  Aroa:  Sibvlline  books  were  kept  in  a  stone  cheat 

y.  under  ground.  Fideen  persons,  called  Qum- 

vrUia:  tne  nearer  they  ap-  decemviri^  were  appointed  to  take  care  of 

r,  new  obstructioua  arose,  them,  and  to  conault  them  in  tho  affaira  of 

prevent  accesa  to  it,  as  if  it  state.     They  were  chosen  from  the  Patri' 

cianty  and  had  great  influence  in  public  af- 

hitherto— thuB  far.    It  is  fairs.     It  was  a  vory  easv  matter  to  make 

i,  for  the  sake  of  the  verse.  thcse  Sibylline  books  spea!k  what  language 

id  est,  adverta  fortuna,  they  pleascd. 

aque  omnet^  quibut:   ye  72.  iS'or/M :  inthe  eense  of  oracu/o.  Dieta: 

311  all,  to  whom  llium  and  in  the  sense  of  deelarata, 

f  Troy  was  ofibnsive,  it  is  74.  Jfe  manda :   do  not  commit,  &c.     It 

o,  Uc,     The  deities  here  was  the  custom  of  this  Sibyl  U*  write  her 

),  Minerva,  and  Neptune.  prophetic  responses  upon  the  leaves  of  the 

cn/,  aays  Heyne.  palm  tree.    Before  the  invention  of  parch- 

tnirui :  persecuted  deities  ment  and  paper,  there  was  no  better  mate* 

rial  for  writing  than  the  leaves  and  bark  ol 

Phabo :    I  will  build  to  trees.    Alma :  O  holy  prophetens. 

,a  temples  of  solid  marble,  77.  J^ondum  patient<t  Slc    The  meaning 

val  days,  &,c.     Here  is  an  is  this :  the  Sibyl  was  not  docile  and  nub^ 

di  Apollinaret^  which  were  missive  {^pcitient)  to  Phocbus,  and  would  not 

irst  runic  war,  and  to  the  utter  oracles  according  to  his  will,  but  re- 

>le  to  Apollo  by  Aug^stus,  sisted  him  until  Iie  had  subdued  hcr  ferociouf 

vcr  Antliony  and  Cleopa-  tomper  and  formed  her  to  his  purpuses  by 

leyne  read8  templum^  after  force  and  restraint.     Exeuttitte :  the  porf. 

(immon  reading  is  templa,  in  the  sensc  of  the  pres.     The  terms  here 

le  vorb  instiluam  with  two  URcd  are  taken  from  the  horse  and  thc  rider. 

rict  propricty  it  con  apply  Tlic  Sibyl  is  compared  to  the  formor ;  aiid 

ly.     We  can  say,  institute  Apollo,  breaking  her  and  rendering  Uci  cmW» 

juite  another  thing  to  say,  missive  and  obedieut  to  \um^Vo  \Vif\\s)Us 


\ 


86?^  P.  ?IRGILU  MARONIS 

78.  TaUan*^  ti  poHit  Bacchatur  vates,  magnum  si  pectore  pooyt 
•"""■"•■^  Eitcussisse  Deura  :  tant6  magis  ille  fatigat 

Os  rabidum,  fera  corda  domaus,  fingitqiie  premenlo 
Ostia  jamque  domiis  patuere  ingentia  centum 
Sponte  sui,  vatisque  ferunt  responsa  per  auits: 
83.  O  #u  tandem  de-  O  tandem  magnis  pelagi  defuncte  peiiclis ! 
funcio  magnii   pertcUe  gg^  ^^j^  graviora  manent.     In  regna  Lavin) 
priap!  B6d  graviora  pe-  Dardanid»  venient,  mitte  hanc  de  pectore  curani : 

86.   Sed  et  volent  se  ^^  "^"  ^^  venisse  volent.     Bella,  horrida  beHa, 
nim  venitM  e^.  Et  Tybrim  multo  spumantem  sanguine  cemo.  ' 

Non  Simois  tibi,  nec  Xanthus,  nec  Dorica  castia    H 
89.  AliuB  Achillet  par-  Defucrint :  alius  Latio  jam  partus  Achilles,  j 

tu8  M/  tibi  Natus  et  ipse  DeA :  nec  Teucris  addita  Juno 

91.  Cuin  m  ogenis  re-  Usquam  aberit.     Cikm  tu  supplex  in  rebus  egedi,    ' 
bus,  qua«  gentes  luiam,  Q^j^g       ^^  liBldm,  aut  quas  non  oraveria  urbea  t  .^ 

aut  quaa  urbes,  non  tu  ^                i«  ^     ^*         •       -7            u       •*    r»i         •  i 

•upplex  oraveris?    Con-  ^^"^  "™^^"  ^^  «^"J"*  >^®™™  hospita  Teucns;  ; 

jux  hospiia  iterum  erii  Externique  itenim  Uialami.  <' 

«Busa  tanti  mali  Teu-  Tu  ne  cede  malis ;  sed  contrii  audentior  ito,  ^ 

crja;  extemique  thalami  Quk  tua  te  fortuna  sinet.     Via  prima  salutis,  ^ 

itenim  erunt  eaum.        q^^  minimd  reris,  GraiA  pandetur  ab  urbe.  j 

Talibus  ex  adyto  dictis  Cumsa  Sibylla  ' 

1 

« 

NOTE&  j 

I 

The  verb  excuiio  ie  applied  to  the  horse  comparmg  it  with  the  Tro|aii  wtr,1l 

whenhethrowB  his  rider.    ImmaniM:  inthe  to  ite  eiimlitude  of  characten,  plMV 

•ense  of  tmmant/er  vel  vehemenier»    An  ad-  cauees.     Xanthui  and  Simole  are  thel 

jective   cloaely   connected   in   construction  and  Numicue;  TumuBis  Achilles;  I4 

with  a  verb,  is  better  rendered  by  its  corres-  the  daughter  of  Latinus,  is  a  second  I 
ponding  adverb.     Bacchatur :  furit  in  more        90.    jTatHi  Dea :    Tumus,  a  bravi 

Baecharum^  says  Ruicus.  warlike  prince,  the  son  of  the  nyroph  F3 

00.  Fatigat  rahidum  os :  he  curbs — holds  Addita:  in  the  sense  of  tntmtro.    I 

in,  &c.    This  alludes  to  the  manner  of  break-  says  infesta;  et  qiuisi  laieri  semptr  ^ 
ing  and  taining  horses  when  they  are  unru-         91.  Ct<m:  in  thesenseof/um, saysi 

]y  and  impaticnt  of  the  bit.     The  ridcr  curbs  Ruseus  rcads  quem^  but  gives  no  aii 

or  holds  them  in  by  pulling  up  the  reins.  for  it ;   the  best  copies  have  cwn.    < 

Fingitque :  and  forms  and  prcpares  her  for  egenis :  in  your  distress — difliculty. 
the  delivery  of  liis  oracles.  93.  Conjux  hospita.  As  the  rape  of 

82.  Fenint :  in  the  scnse  of  emittunt,  by  Paris,  whom  she  entertained  in  hsr 

83.  Defunete:  voc.  O  thou,  having  pass-  at  Sparta,  was  the  cause  of  the  Troji 
ed  tiirough— t!8capod.  Ruabus  says,  Qut  so8hallLavinia,thedaughterofLatiBl 
evasisti.     Periclis :  by  ayn,  for  perieulis,  shall  receive  ^neas  under  his  hospitah' 

84.  Lavini :  by  apocope  for  Lavinii^  gen.  be  the  cause  of  a  second  war,  by  mijf 
of  Lavinium^  a  country  to  the  east  of  the  iCneas  afler  she  had  been  promised  I 
Tyber,  so  callcd  from  the  city  Latyinium^  nus.  Thatami:  in  the  sense  of  m^ 
which  ^neas  built.  SeeiEn.i.2.  Someread,  96.  Qtca:  the  common  reading  it 
rcfrna  La/i7u',  which  perhaps  is  the  best  read-  but  of  this  it  is  difficult  to  make  sM 
in^:  the  kingdom  of  Latinus.  He  rcceived  is  not  probabie  that  the  Sibyl  oooU 
yEnoas,  on  his  arrival,  with  hospitality,  gave  ^neas  to  proceed  with  more  covi 
hini  his  daughter  in  marriage,  and  was  suc-  boldness  than  prudence  dictated^  or 
cecded  by  him  in  his  kirigdom.  Heyne  pre-  iune  permitted.  To  preserve  the  rai 
fers  LavinU  and  observes  that  it  is  more  in  quam^  Mr.  Davidson  renders  the  woH 
thc  languago  of  prophecy  than  Latini,  tua^  &c.,  ^  The  more  that  fortune  d 

88.  J^on  Simois  tibi :  neither  Simois,  nor  pose  you;*'  giving  to  the  verb  tuMf 

Xanthus,  nor  the  Grecian  camp,  shall  be  which  it  will  by  no  means  bear. 

wanting  to  you,  &c.     Hero  the  prophetess,  reads  qu^  taking  it  in  the  sense  of 

to  prepare  tho  mind  of  iEneas  to  meot  the  et  ratione^  vel  qttantum  per  falym 

worst,  or  rathcr  the  poct  to  do  honor  to  his  Heinsius  and  Burmannus  read  ^uifli 

hero  in  ovcrcoming  such  powerfiil  opposi-  they  take  in  the  sense  of  ^iMiiliiai. 
tion,  gives  a  terrible  representation  of  the        97.  Gratd  urbt :  this  was  the  citf 

irar  iii  which  he  waa  io  be  engaf^ed  VnlVal^^  taum^  where  Evander  reigned.    Sm 


^NEIS.    LDBw  VI. 

t»  canit  ainbagos,  nntroque  fenrogk, 

vera  inTolvens  :  ea  fnena  flirenti  JOO 

,  et  stiniuloe  sub  pectore  vertit  Apollo 
mikin  ccflsit  furor,  et  rabida  ora  qui6mnt  x 
Sneas  heros :  Non  uUa  laborum, 

nova  lul  fades  inopinave  surgit : 

raecepi,  atque  aninio  mecum  ante  peregi.       105 

ro  :  quando  hic  infemi  janua  regis  106.  IMcitiir  uu  Mbi 

et  tenebrosa  palus  Acheronte  refuso ;  ^  tenobroca  palus  m^ 

mspectuin  chari  genitoris,  et  ora  *""  ^  Acheronte 

Lt ;  doceas  iter,  et  sacra  ostia  pandas.  109.  Ui  coniingmt  Mi- 

0  per  flammas  et  mille  sequentia  tela  HQhiwA 
s  huineris,  medioque  ex  hoste  recepi : 

n  comitatus  iter,  maria  omnia  mecum,  ^^*-   '*^?    comittiiia 

iines  pelagique  minas  cclique  ferebat  ^«^^^5^;^!^^^^^^ 

1,  vires  ultra  sortemque  senect».  ri»  mecum,  a^ue  omnet 

te  supplex  peterem,  et  tua  limina  adirem,  1 15  minas   peUgique   oceli* 

ms  mandata  dabat.     Natique  patrisque,  que,  ultra 

•ecor,  miserere:  potes  namque  omnia;  nec  te       ,  M^-  ^""*'  \^^"^  -^**" 

.lam  lucis  Hecate  pnefecit  Avemis.  deTJ^iA^^^^          """" 

Manes  arcessere  coiijugis  Orpheus, 

fretiis  cithar4  fidibusque  canoris :  120 

n  Pollux  alteraA  morte  redemit,  

litque  viam  toties.  quid  Thesea,  magnum  ^*^  ^^^^   memvnm 

morem  Alciden  ?  et  mi  genus  ab  Jove  summo  133.  £^  mtet  g«n«i 

18  orabat  dictia,  arasque  tenebat.  ab 

NOTE8. 

ii  hmrendag:  she  deuven  her  aw-  ed  hia  brother  by  an  altemate  doath,  fte. 

iims.    ^mbaget:  (ex  ambi,  et  ago)  Castor  and  Pollux  were  twin  brothera  ofLe- 

■ays  Valpj.  da,  the  wife  of  TTndarus,  king  of  Sparta. 

1  fntna  furenti :  Apollo  shakea  Jupitcr  being^  tlie  fatlier  of  Pollux^  he  was 
•  over  her,  raging,  (inapired,)  and  immortal,  whiie  Caaior,  being  only  the  aon 
pan  underherbreaat.  Tnemeta-  of  Tyndarus,  was  aubject  to  mortality. 
w  hone  aod  tbe  rider,  is  ■till  con-  Upon  the  death  of  CaMlor^  hia  brotiier,  out 

of  the  great  love  he  bore  to  him,  obtained  of 

r:  by  apocope  for  mJiu    JEneas  Jupiter  leave  to  share  with  him  his  immor- 

le  a  man  long  accustomed  to  the  talitj ;  whereupon  they  lived,  by  tums,  one 

and  misfortunet  (jtaborum)  of  life,  day  in  heaven  and  one  in  hell. 
ell  fortified  in  hie  mind  to  meet        122.  TTusea :  a  Greek  acc    He  was  the 

witude  of  things,  that  no  form  of  son  ofJEgeut^  king  of  Athens.   He  and  Piri- 

luAring  coald  arise,  new  and  un-  thoiis  are  fabled  to  have  roade  a  descent  lo 

hell  for  the  purpose  of  liberating  Proaerpinaf 

ecipt:  I  haveanticipatedallthings  but  were  seizml  by  Pluto,  who  gave  riri- 

reoeived  infbnnation  of  all  those  thous  to  Cerberut  to  be  devourcd,  whilt 

I  befora.  Theseus  he  bound  in  chains,  where  he  re- 

meifrata  pahu  :  tht  gloomy  lake,  mained  till  he  was  set  at  liberty  by  Herea- 

from  the  overflowinf  of  Acheron.  leu.     See  28,  supra. 

here  is  Avemuty  which  was  fabled         123.  Alciden :    Hercules,  so  called  from 

rom  the  overflowing  of  the  river  Aleeus^  his  grandfatlier.     He  was  the  sod  of 

a  fabulous  river  of  the  infemal  Jupiter  and  Alcmene.     Ue  is  said  to  havt 

8ee  Oeor.  iv.  4.  descended  to  the  infemal  refriuns,  and  to 

'ipui:  in  the  sense  of  nutiUi.  have  carried  off  Cerberus  in  spitu  of  Pluto 

trfem :  state— coodition.  hiinself.    Mt :   for  miAt,  by  apovope,  and 

Orpkeut  poiuii :  if  Orftfieoa  could  in  tho  sense  of  meum,    Mt  genut :  my  do> 

Jie  (host  of  his  wifc,  rclying  upon,  scent  also  is  froni   Jove  supreme.    iEneaa 

tlM  stofy  of  hb  descent  to  heli.  descended  from  Dardantu^  the  son  of  Jovt 

4S4.  He  was  also  the  ton  of  Penui^^)^^VQL^^aa 

P«SiurrctfMiil;if  PoUnzredeem-  of  thosamegod.    £l:liitbiai«Diia  oS  tluna 


860  P.  VIUGIUI  MARONIS 

Tunc  sic  orsa  loqui  vates  :  Sate  sanguine  DirAin, 
Tros  Aiichisiade,  facilis  dcscensus  Avemi : 
Noctes  atquc  dics  patet  atri  janua  Ditis : 
Sed  revocare  gradum,  superasque  evadere  ad  aunii 
Hoc  opus,  hic  labor  est.     Pauci,  quos  lequus  an»fil 
Jupiter,  aut  ardens  evexit  ad  sthera  virtus, 
131.  G«Qiti  Dti,  po-  Dis  greniti,  potuere.     Tenent  media  orania  sylne, 
Cam  f|kere  itf  Cocytusque  rinu  labens  circumfluit  atro. 

Qu6d  si  tanlus  amor  menti,  si  tanta  cupido  est, 
Bis  Stygios  irnare  lacus^  bis  nigra  videre 
Tartara  ;  et  insano  juvat  indulgere  labori :  ) 

136.  Accipc  es,  qas  Accipe  quoE?  peragenda  priiks.     Latet  arbore  opacA, 
«oU     pen^nda     iibi  Aureus  ct  foliis  et  lento  vimine  ramus^ 
^**  Junoni  infemae  dictus  sacer :  hunc  tegit  omnis 

Lucus^  et  obscuris  claudunt  convallibus  umbre. 
140.  Non   datur   »•  Sed  non  ante  datur  telluris  operta  snbire, 
bare  op«ru  loca  teiluris  Auricomos  quam  quis  deceqiserit  arbore  foftus. 
%nW  quaiii  quu  |j^^  j.jj,j  pulchra  snuin  ferri  Proserpina  munu» 

Instituit.     Primo  avulso,  non  deficit  alter 
Aureus:  et  simili  frondescit  virga  metallo. 
145.  Eqro  Tesiiira  r«-  FsT^  alle  vestiga  oculis,  et  rite  repertum 
mum  tH-uIi*  alte,  et  ma-  CariH'  manu  :  namque  ipse  volens  &cilisque  sequell 
jj^  '^  •^     >i  10  hata  v*.icant :  aliler  non  vinbus  ullis 

147.  VocAiit  te  ad  im-  Vincere,  ncc  duro  poteris  con%'ellere  ferro. 
fir99.  Pnvierea  jacet  exanimum  tibi  corpus  amici, 

Heu  iiosois  \  totamque  incestat  ftinere  classem ; 
Duin  consulta  petis.  nostroque  in  limine  pendes. 
Sodibus  hunc  refer  ante  suis,  et  conde  sepulchro 
iv3L   Pri^r  duc   ad  Huo  Ri;ini<  pecMdes :  ea  prima  piacula  sunto 
**«  m-:rA*  Sic  deiiiuin  lucos  Siygios,  re^a  invia  vi>is 

NOTES. 

1-S.   K:?iv^;--  f^.zj*jm  :  to  wiurn — to  re-  combat  wiih  the  prlest  ot  hertenipl^ 

travv  \o-.ir  ^!t:><i ;  d  :*:!ru«.     >'^pfnu  auras  :  he  oTercame  him.  to  take  his  place. 
to  liii!»  '.::«-v  uor!.: — iro  upr*'r  reiion*  of        13^   Jtaumi:    Proeerpine.     She  i 

hfht :  il\ir\  4r%*  #o  c.il*ec  m  rv:Vr«ace  to  the  called  infemalJuno;  as  Pluto  iBMii 

iY):ton»  :««-lovk.  caLed  Sijiztui  Jupiier. 

KW.  iH^fT»^,^-.  *r.*i    C.vvvif     irfidinp         141.  ./iLw«o»/«.'ttt:  the  goldenl 

alor.jc  « .1.1  ;i*  g;v>onir  *:r*AM."doirs  around  ^«/lu:  the  young  of  anj  thmg  aiui 

IheMi.     i V*:w.  a  riv»r  v\  Canif^arja  in  Iia-  mananate.     Herc,  a  houyh,  ahoot, oi 

It,  hut  bv  liv^  ?.vi*  Tv:^raed  to  be  a  riT«r  in         ^-^  J>um:  m  the  lenM  of  eham 

Ml.     ^:'i««  .  m  the  *e:i»e  of  fU^  1"*^  InMiduii :  m  the  een*  otjM 

14  1    j               ...  tk-  .«,.1.  ^,-          ■             wkAJTuiao:  nmo  is  undentood.    Fof 
t>l.  l%»Jtre:    \r,  tiie  «ec*e  oz    unrsre.     d.,— ,--. 

^^    *  ■  144.  /^reittf emi  :  m  the  eenM  01  fl 

IS&.  ^cv^:   m  the  eenM  of  mfk  Tel     ri/yn:  in  the  «ense  of  ramut.    W 

boufh  wa«  plucked,  another  immf 

m*  Rmmmmtrm»:  a bouiriu jcolden bcth  shot  forth  of  the  aame  fonn,  ahii 

Ik  Ito  Imw  «mA  liiiib«r  twi|:.  &c.  11««  ccn-  colcr. 

mik     Tku*  itf  vv:i«i«:tfrvd  146.  S^Tvehcr:  vill  follow — will; 

etiMi  pt  the  m:.  buc  pro«  rou.  ifl  lcc 

lii^JMiBMI  oa  »Mie  hi«:or.v:x:  ract.  14-^'^  .^rellert :  in  the  lense  of  a 

6bttl«Mt»  traiiLon.  «\::cil  rt\  cygdirt. 

>iwi«uL     SffT.-# -.buik*  ::  :v.   Ir.ziiici:   defile».     fiinm: 

I M  th«  micatf  c*:' *.^;f  «ocrvc  «=«    o:*    «^frr.      Cotuuita:    i 

iMll^  rrvw  Ar-L.1.  a  c:*.t  ccjj--sel 

UT  a  fu^.uvTf  .•i.;r;tf  for  13'.-  Pfndei :  in  the  sense  of  Aor 

jl  «MiU  pttuck  a  >^iz<:£  :rvs  13.2.   ^bu  itdiJ^uj  :    to  hia  own 

to  &c>^  ^  «n<\«  V»*'^*"^^  ^  ta{^ 


iENEIS.     LIB.  VI.  Ml 

*      Diut;  prenoque  obmutuit  ore.  165 

iis  mowto  defixuB  lumtna  vullu 

lur,  linc)UGiiB  antruni ,  cajcosque  volulat 

}  Diiimo  secum:  cui  fiJus  Achates 

s,  et  paribuB  curis  vcHligia  %it. 

uter  Besfl  vario  sermono  serebant,  160 

Hicium  esaiumem  vatea,  cjuod  corpiu  humandum       ISI.    Qnem    aociam 

.     At<jue  ilii  Misenum  in  lilore  sicco,  "*"  diceroi  att  ntat- 

■re,  vident  indign»  mnrle  peremptum :  """!;  1"'*^  ""'P^  •*■• 

m  .f.uliJen,  quo  non  priEatantior  alter 

;re  viros,  Martemque  accendere  cantu.  165 

i  bic  inagni  ruemi  cnmea.     Hectora  circutn 

piil^rias  insi«nia  obibat  et  hasU.  ,„_    j.,  ^y^,^ 

im  illum  victor  vitA  spullavit  Acliilles,  otii  cimim  Hectan,  a^ 

ii>  .£nc«  seac  fortissimus  lierus  lipi»  Utuo  at  hutt. 

rat  sucium,  non  infcriora  scculu».  170 

1,  fortc  cavA  dum  jicrsoitat  s([U(ini  conclii, 
I,  et  cantu  vocal  iii  certamiiia  Divos, 
i  exceptuin  TrilcHi,  ai  cre<lerc  digiium  estf 
xa  virum  spuitiosi  imiiierseral  undft. 

nnes  magno  circtim  clninore  fremehant ;  176     |7s.  Circiiin  ioiat 

le  pius  vEiieBB.     Tuin  Jussa  Sihyllie, 

lora,  rcBtinanl  flentes:   Bram([UC  sepulchri  177.  Tum  BsntM  tm- 

ere  arboribua,  caloque  educere  corlunt.  ^^  «w*?™  J*»  *• 

II  antiquBin  sylvam,  stabuk  alta  ferarum;  ' 

ibuDt  piceffi  :  Bonat  icla  Becurihua  ilex:  180 

«K|ue  Irabe»,  cuneis  et  fiasile  robur 
ir :  advolvunt  ingenlea  monlibus  omos. 

.fineas  opera  intcr  talia  primus 
r  socioa,  paribusque  accingitiir  armiH. 
e  bsc  ipM  luo  triiii  ciun  corde  volutat,  1&6 

ina  sylvam  imnMUBam,  el  sic  ore  precatur : 

N0TE8. 
•rfnnfiwiiifinnifiiiin   Or.mtha    in  dm  at  Bnt;  before  thoM  initnimam 
fgau  ttiilii  Im  tuitm,  mji  RoKua.    ums  to  be  made  of  braH. 
iMtmnl  llHsi   tbeT  made  manp         IT^  Vecat:  lie  challengoe  the  godn  to  ■ 
~  inch,  *Et.  trLal  of  munc. 

■    u    here  (Hilled  173,  THtonirntuhii.-  Triton  enviom  (jite- 

'  a  god  o(  llio  iDtK  of  bii  fame)  drowned  in  tho  ruBininir 
lowing  upun  n-arM  tha  m«n  lokBn  bj  ■ur|iriiie  Bmon| 
ntmneDU.  Pmtantior .-  murs  ei-  tiio  rocke.  Triton  wa*  the  hjii  it'  ?Jpplune 
rbe  vsrb  tral  i*  undenlood.  B.nd   Ampbitritn.     He  wu  htir  man   anil 

^fiWflnaiM  aertndire  ranlM.      Thia     halT  Bah  ;  mxii  wu  Noptune'^  IrunipstBr. 
A  VirgJ  1>  «ud  to  have  added   in         175.  Fitmtbant!  inthe  lanM  of /uMtn/a- 
w  hnsi  of  fiiiov,  while  he  was  n-     lianhtr. 

^  liauk    iHifore   Au^stUB  j    liaving  177.  Jrmifu*  tqnJcAri  .-  the  funeral  pile, 

'"<'>  iinperfbct  at  flnrt.    .Sre:  wiDi     eo  called  bacauM  built  in   Ihe  form  of  in 
""  fro/nnet.      Anj  iJiing    made   of    «JlU-.     rn^aifrin^rniii.  laye  Hcyni!. 
;/^cb1)*c1  et.  \OO.SimBt:  in  tlienenwof/ironmil'/.  Tra- 

«V      Th»  hl^  a   Iriiinpct     (-■;  fororiorr»,  *1uiJ<  roiur.- tlielis^ilooeli. 

•fi(»ji  tf»et  Tooked  183.  Primui:   chiof  b  coiiiman.l—u.p- 

'    *  gf  the  compuiy. 

_.  .  ^rruii^furTW,    tc  r  and  i«  nrraicd 

iSf^       jqual  anne.     Bj  arRii,  wo  are  to  un- 

ind    the   azee,    and    ollier  im|i!i:iiiaiila 

lltin^  and  preparing  wuod  for  ilie  fii- 

.1  pilo  of  .V>ie>.i«. 

66.  Oft.    Tbt*  U  th«  vAiuutuvi  ic&4ni\% 


P.  mGlLii  MARONiS 

Si  nunc  su  nobis  ille  aureos  aibore  imimi 

Ostendat  nemore  in  tanto !  quando  omnj 

180.  Nimiiim  veri       Heu !  nimi^in  de  te  vates,  Miaene,  locut 

Vix  ea  fatus  erat,  gemins  cum  fortd  coli 
Ipsa  sub  ora  viri  coelo  ven^re  volantes, 
£t  viridi  seddre  solo.     Tum  maximus  hi 
Maiemaa  agnoscit  aves,  letusque  precat 

195.  O  Mf,  eittt  dacM  Este  duces,  6^  siqua  via  est ;  cursnmque 
mlhl,  «qua  Dirigite  m  lucos,  ubi  pinguem  dives  opa« 

Ramus  humum  :  tuque,  6,  dubiis  ne  def 
Diva  parens.  Sic  efiatus.  vestigia  preas 
Observans  qus  signa  ferant,  qu6  tenden 

.^^JnSir  ?««««•;'«  ">«  «*"»«»•"  p"*'!'^  "»»•»«•0' 

tet  tanttkm  Quantum  acie  possent  oculi  servare  seq 

Inde,  ubi  ven^re  ad  fauces  graveolentis 

ToUunt  se  celeres ;  liquidumque  per  adi 

Sedibus  optatis  geminse  su])er  arbore  si«! 

Discolor  unde  auri  per  ramos  aura  reful 

S05.    Quale    viscum,  Quale  solet  sylvis  brumali  frigore  viscui 

quod  lua  arbos  non  se.  Fronde  virere  nov&,  quod  non  sua  semir 

minat,  folei  in  eylvi»  vi-  £i  croceo  foBtu  teretes  circumdare  truni 

S3i  «""tro      °  ^^*^'""  '^^^^  ®™^  ^I^'®^  ^""  frondenlis  opacA 

Ilice  :  sic  leni  crepitabat  bractea  vento. 
SIO.  Corripit  ramum    Corripit  extempI6  iEneas,  avidusque  rd 

Cunctantem,  et  vatis  portat  sub  tecta  Si 

213.  Ferebant  tupre-      ^^  miniks  interek  Miseniun  in  litore 

oia  tifieia.  Flebant,  et  cineri  ingrato  suprema  ferel 

NOTES. 

but  Heyne  and  others  have  voce,    The  ecnse  leaves  min^lin^  their  gr 

\b  thc  8amc  either  way.  iustre  of  the  gold,  proc 

1H7.  Si:  in  tho  scnse  of  li/inam.  ted  color.     Aura:    in  tli 

189.   Fates :  the  prophctcss.  205.  Viicum,    Thia  is 

193.  Maiemas  aves,      Pigeons  were   8a>  glutinous  nature,callcd  i 

crod  to  VenuB,  it  is  laid,  on  account  of  their  trccs  principally  ofthe  oi 

fbcundity.  is  the  proper  seaaon  for 

196.  Dubiit  rebtu:  perplexity — difficulty.  it  is  of  a  color  rcscinl 
D^ce :  in  the  sense  of  detere.  tliought  to  grow  out  of 

197.  Pressit  vestigia:  he  stopt  his  pace —  birds,  that  alightcd  on  tt: 
hc  stood  still.  tlie  poet  alludes  in  thei 

198.  Ferant :  in  the  aense  of  dent  vcl  sua  seminat  arbas:  whic 
prcebant.  Pergant :  proceed  to  go.  Tm-  not  produce :  but  this  < 
der^ :  in  the  sense  of  ire  vel  prodire.  The  ancient  Druids  nia 

198.  liio'  pasceniesy  &c. :    they  flcw,  and  in  thoir  religious  cercm< 

Uicn  alighted  to  feed.     And  this  they  did  by  206.  Semtnat:  in   thi 

turns,  80  that  thoy  just  kopt  within  sight  of  FwJu:  sco  141.  supra. 

titc  fuUowcrs,  sequentHm.  208.    Frondentis    aur 

200.  Acie :  with  the  sight.  Ruabus  says,  bough — the  vcrdant  gi 
acutissww  visti,  puHuiantis  auri. 

201.  Fauces :  in  the  aense  of  os.  The  209.  Bractca :  the  g( 
junction  ofthe  lakes  Avemus  and  Lucrinus,  in  tho  gcntlo  wind.  Bi 
Orareoicntis :  nuxious — pestiferous.  lamincp^  or  leaves  of  g 

203.  Optatis  sedibus  :  they  both  alight  on  the  sonsc  of  aura  /rond 
the  trco  ncar  the  place  whence  tlie  goldcn  211.  Cunctantem.'  in 
bough  shoiic  through  thc  branchcs  of  tho  tree.  sequtntcm. 

204.  Di^coior  aura:  the  variegated  gleain  213.  Ferebant  suprem 
of  ifoid  shuno  through  the  boughs.     It  va-  forining  thc  last  ofiices. 
riea    its   color  according  to   the  differcnt  scnsiblo  of  thc  honors  o< 
tbadoB  of  lighi  in  which  il  waa  Been.    The  thcFefore  ungratetul  foi 


JENEiS.    LIB.  VI. 

io  pinguem  laedis  et  lobore  secto 

m  Btruxcre  pyram:  cui  frondibus  atriB  f  15     215-  Struxera  infto- 

it  latera,  et  ferales  anld  cupressos  ^,  Pf^  pinguwi  « 

^    j'  ^  ^    ri       *-u        :«  t»dk  et  robore  ■eoto 

uunt,  decorantque  super  fulgentibus  armis 

ilidos  latices  et  ahena  undantia  flammis 

unt ;  corpusque  lavant  frigentis  et  unguunt 

litus  :  tum  membra  toro  defleta  reponunt,       880 

easque  su]>er  vestes^  velamina  nota, 

unt.     Pars  ingenti  subiere  feretro, 

[ninisterium !  et  subjectam  more  parentum 

tenucre  faccm.     Congesta  cremantur 

dona,  dapes,  fuso  crateres  olivo.  226 

im  collapsi  cineres,  et  flamma  quievit,  886.  Collapid  iunL 

ias  vino  et  bibulam  lavdre  favillam : 
e  lecta  cado  texit  Chorinsus  aheno. 
;r  socios  pur&  circumtulit  und&, 
ns  rore  levi  et  ramo  felicis  olivs ;  830 

itqne  viros,  dixitque  novissima  verba. 

^neas  ingenti  mole  sepulchrum 

N0TE8. 

ntood  aa  causing  •orrow  to  all —  2S8.    Pars    mbiere:   a    part   Buppoftetf 

1  object  or  Bpectacle  no  waj  plea-  (went  under)  the  huge  bior,  a  rooumnil  of- 

agreeable.      In  thla  sense,  ingraio  fice!   and  tumed  (avertt)  away  with  their 

-cndcred  raoumful — unjoyoua.     Ct-  facos,  held  a  torch  under  it,  kc   They  ton- 

1  the  sense  of  eadaveri,     Ingrato:  ed  away  their  facee  to  show  how  unwilling 

ienli    nee    rtferenti    graiiam^  sajB  they  were  to  part  witli  him,  and  that  their 

ffiief  would  not  allow  them  to  IooIl  npoo 

here  givca  us  moet  of  the  ceremo-  hie  pale  and  lifeless  body ;  which  was  now 

1  among  the  Romans  in  burying  the  aliout  to  be  reduced  to  ashes. 

SS5.  DttneM,     Bj  this  we  are  to  under- 

Hnfii.     The  /eda,  or  pine,  is  a  fat  stand  the  rat  and  other  parts  of  the  yictiiiis 

;uous  wood.    Hence  the  epitliet /itfi-  that  were  consecrated  to  the  gods.      CrO' 

Seeto  robore:   in  the  sense  o£  Jitso  ieret:    goblets  of  oil  poured  out  upon  the 

pile.      Whole  goblots  were  ofTered  to  the 

?yram.    The  funeral  pile  was  called  infemal  gods ;  but  to  the  celeetial  gods  only 

en  it  was  set  on  fire,  rogiit  before  it  libations.     Thurea  dona :  gifls  of  frankin- 

on  fire,  and  butitwi  af\er  it  was  con-  cense.      There  is  an   aHusion  here    to  the 

The  higher  it  was  raised,  the  more  custom   of  placing   frankincenso,  oil,   and 

le  it  was  considerod ;   and  therefore  other  unctuoue  subetances  upon  the  funera] 

luavored  to  raise  it  to  heaven  :  e«r-  pile,  to  accelerate  its  buming. 

rere  eaUo^  173.  supra.     Cui  frondi'  227.  RelliquioM^  Slc,     Af\er  the  body  was 

:  wbose  sides  they  interweave  with  consumed,  they   extinguished    (larM)  the 

iighs.    The  boughs  of  the  yew,  pine,  coals  and  embers  with  toine^  that  the  eahee 

1  like  trees,  are  of  a  sable  color,  and  might  the  more  easily  be  collected.    BikfHr 

ercfore    used   in  funeral  obsequies.  lam :  in  the  sonse  of  tieeam, 

tlie  sense  of  eujw,  228.  Cado :  in  the  sense  of  «ma.    Tcnl : 

?uprettot:  the  cypress  is  here  called  in  the  sense  of  inelutii, 

il ;  and  used  on  the  occasion,  either  229.  Jdem  ler  eirtumiulii :  the  same  tkriee 

its  ntrong  smell  prevented  any  thing  went  around  his  ooropanions  with  holv  wa^ 

able  froin  the  corpse ;  or  rather  as  ter,  sprinkling  them,  ^e.     Tbe  ordo  oi  oon- 

L  fit  emblem  of  death;  fpr  when  it  struction   is,                      eireum  «octos,  ftc. 

ut,  it  never  grows  up  again.    ^nii :  which  means,  to  go  rouna  them  three  timee : 

■in  front :  an  adv.  but  because  the  priest  used  to  sprinkle  theni, 

'iup^r    above-~on  the  top.  at  the  same  time,  with  the  aqua  huiralu^  or 

Laticet :  in  the  sense  of  aquam,  holy  water,  it  came  to  signify,  le  purify, 

Yota  velamina :  the  garments  of  Mi-  230.'  Levi  rore :  with  a  dew  or  epray*   He 

Or  it  is  said  in  allusion  to  a  Roman  sprinkled  the  water  with  a  bough  of  olive. 

of  placing  a  purple  covering  over  231.  Lutiravii :  he  purified  the  men.   M- 

m  of  distinguisheid  persons  on  the  vtMtma  verbm.    These  were  vaicy  vaUs  eel^ 

pile  when  theT  aU  depvried. 


fM  P.  VIRGILIl  MARONI8 

Imponil,  suaque  arma  viro,  remumque,  tul 

Monte  8ub  nerio,  qui  nunc  Misenus  ab  illo 

Dicitur,  fietemumque  tenet  per  saecula  nom 

His  actis,  propere  exsequitur  prascepta  i 

Spelunca  alta  fuit,  vastoque  immanis  hiatu. 

Scrupea,  tuta  lacu  nigro  nemorumque  tem 

239.  Super  quam  haud  Quam  super  haud  ullse  poterant  impund  vc 

«Uv  volaijia».  Tendere  iter  pennis  :  talis  se|e  halitus  atrii 

Faucibus  effundens  supera  ad  conveza  fen 
Unde  locum  Graii  dixerunt  nomine  Avern 
f43.  Hlc  safiArdofl  Quatuor  hic  primum  nigrantes  terga  juven 
oonsiituit  quatuor  ju-  Constituit,  frontique  invergit  vina  sacerdof 
TWM9  nigraiitw  quoad  e^  gumnias  carpens  media  inter  comua  sei 
^"«46.  Imponit  eas^  Ignibus  imponit  sacris  libamina  prima, 
puui  prima  iibamina       Voce  vocans  Hecaten,  coeloque  Ereboque 

Supponunt  alii  cultros,  tepidumque  cmore 

Suscipiunt  pateris.     Ipse  atri  velleris  agiu 

S50.  ^neas  ip*e  ferit  -^neas  matri  Eumenidum  magnsque  soro 

enie  agnara  atri  velle-  Ense  ferit ;  sterilemque  tibi,  Proserpina,  \ 

«■  «n*tri  Tum  Stygio  regi  noctumas  inchoat  aras, 

S54.  Supdrfundens  Et  solida  imponit  taurorum  viscera  flamm; 
que  pingrue  Pingue  supdrque  oleum  funclens  ardentibuE 

256.  ^"*"™  ^*^*^  Ecce  autcm,  prinii  sub  lumina  Solis  et  ort 
JSpr-yTvarum  ^p^  Sub  pedibus  mugire  solum,  et  juga  cojpta 
suni  moveri,  caneeque  Sylvarum  ;  visaeque  canes  ululare  per  uml 
vis«  tuni  Adventante  De&.     Procul,  6^  procul  este, 

NOTES. 

233.  ImponU^  &c.  Tho  poet  here  uses  fice  was  then  bcgvn,  and 
the  verb  imponit  with  two  nouns,  when,  in  were  then  devoted  to  tho  g 
•trict  propriety  it  can  agree  with  one  of  247.  Voeans  Hecatm.  S 
them  only.  He  builds  a  tomb,  and  places  thut  Hecate  was  usually 
upon  it  {imponit)  his  arms,  &c.  He  ordcrs  words,  but  by  certain  my 
to  be  carved  upon  it  his  arms,  to  denote  that  late  sounds. 

ho  was  a  warrior — an  oar,  to  show  that  ho  248.  JlUi   tupponunt : 

perished  in  a  n&val  expedition — and  a  trum-  knives  (i.  e.  slay  thc  victin 

pet,  to  denote  his  office.  Suscipiunt :  in  Uie  sense  o 

234.  Monta  sub  aerio^  quu  The  mnuntain  250.  Matri  Eumenidun 
here  meant  is  the  promontory  Misenus^  of  the  furies,  that  is,  JVc 
which  forms  the  western  shore  of  the  Sinus  278.  Night  is  said  to  ha 
Puteolanus^  or  J^eapotilanus.  Hodie^  Capo  the  furics  to  Acheron ;  w 
Miseno.  Not  far  from  it  was  the  Portus  Mi'  guage  of  poctry,  signifies  t 
scnus^  whoro  Augustus  kept  a  part  of  his  ncRs  is  the  mother  of  hori 
fleet.  ary  forms,  and  apparitions 

238.  7\ita :  in  the  sense  of  defensa.     Vo^  to  lier  great  sistcr,  tiiat  is, 

lantes :  in  tho  sonso  of  aves,  lits :  for  night  iu  only  th 

240.  Halitus :  vapor— stench.  Supera'eon'  earth,  or  the  absence  of  li 
vexa:  the  high  canopy  of  heaven.     Effun-         252.   Aras:  by  meton. 

rfmr:  in  the  sorse  of  mcm^mr.  offered  upon  thcm.     The 

242.  Avemum.     See  Geor.  iv.  493.  the  nijgrht :  hence  the  epitl 

243.  Hic  primum,  &c.  The  lake  Avomus  aras^  Riiaaus  says  sacr{ficu 
appears  to  have  boen  choson  as  the  place  of  233.  Solida  riseera.  Bi 
this  sacrificc,  because,  by  it,  it  was  tliought  undcrstand  the  whole  or 
an  easier  arcesB  was  had  to  the  infonial  dci-  thc  victims;  so  that  this 
ties,  particuliirly  Hecate.  Having  prepar-  pcrly  what  was  called  a  h 
«Kl  her  viclims,  tho  Sibyl  poured  wine  be-  burnt-ofToring.  Tolamvict 
tween  Ihcir  horns;  afterward  cut  a  lock  of  256.  Soluin:  in  thc  scna 
tlio  topmosl  liuir,  and  cast  it  upon  the  fire  2ol<.  Procul!  O  procul! 
av  Uiu  tirst  offorinff.  to  show  that  the  sacri*  — at  a  distonco,  O  ye  pn 


£NEiS.    IJB.  VI. 

imat  vates,  totoque  absistite  luco. 

iiivade  viam,  vagin&que  eripe  ferrum  :  260 

inimis  opus,  iEnea,  nunc  pectore  firmo.  261.  Nunc   opu«  ui 

n  efiata,  furens  antro  se  immisit  aperto  :  *"«Im^  in  ^"**'      ^ 

:em  haud  timidis  vadentem  passibus  «equat.  ^^  vadenU^SIIid  iL' 
quibus  impenum  est  aniniarum,  unibrseque  silentes,  midia 

ios,  et  Phlegetlion,  loca  nocte  silentia  late,  266     624.    Fosque  nleniM 

li  fks  audita  loqui :  sit  numine  vestro  umbnB,  ot 

re  res  alti  terrA-  et  caligine  mersas.  ^^-  f **•  "^  "^*  ^^ 

>b8curi  solA  sub  nocte  per  umbram,  mo^"'"'''' ""            '"" 
i  domos  Ditis  vacuas,  et  inania  regna. 

per  incertam  Lunam  sub  luce  malignft  270     270.   Tale  qua]*  Mt 

r  in  sylvis ;  ubi  coelum  condidit  umbrA  »tcr  in  «ylvii  per  incei^ 

r,  et  nbus  nox  abstulit  atra  colorem.  **™  Lunwn 
ibulum  ante  ipsum  primisque  in  faucibus  Orci, 
i  et  ultrices  posuere  cubilia  Curae  : 

tes<]ue  habitant  Morbi,  tristisque  Senectus,  276     276.  H^  911071M  pal- 

us,  et  malesuada  Fames,  et  turpis  Egestas,  lentacque  morbi 
iles  visu  forms  !  Letumque,  Laborque  : ' 

onsanguineus  Leti  Sopor,  et  mala  mentis  ..  *^®-  "^**™  "*  advcwo 

L,  mortifenimque  adverso  in  limine  Bellum,  hmiie  «m/  Sopor 
)ue  Eumeniduin  thalami,  et  Discordia  demena 

NOTES.  • 

al  preamble  with  which  the  lacred  merin^  light.    Othen,  tbe  moon  occaiKNi- 

es  wore  uehered  in.  Those  who  wore  allj  hid  and  obecured  by  cloudt.    JtaHgmi 

iatcd,  were  calied  iceiestii  intxpiath  Iwe :  envioui  light^-that  which  ■hinat  eo 

/ant ;  and  were  prevented  from  ac-  faintly,  as  if  it  grudged  one  the  happineai 

•uch  holy  ritce.  Dea  adventante.    Bj  of  enjojing  it.     ConSuft/ :  hath  hid,  or  eo- 

e  are  to  undentand  Heeate^  accom-  vered. 

by  her  dogv.     Hejne  obaervee  that  273.  yettibulum,    Thia  was  the  ■paoe  or 

iei  are  aometimea  called  eanet,     But  area  contained  hetween  the  house  and  high- 

B  not  80  to  be  taken  in  this  place.  way.     In  thia  veMtibtUum  of  hell,  the  poat 

neM  Heeaien  camitantesy  et  pattim  me'  deacribes  the  varioua  calamitiea  of  huinaa 

in  sacrii  magieis,  Hfo,  as  having  their  residence :  all  of  whidi 

jibnstite :  in  the  sense  of  retedite,  ho  clothes  with  a  lcind  of  airy  bod j. 

Eripeferrum :  draw  the  aword  from  274.  Cura :  in  the  sense  of  conteieniia^ 

ith.     This  indicated  danger,  and  the  says  Heyne. 

or  the  enterprise.  276.  Famet  maletuada :  hunger  perauad- 

Tanium :  so  much — this  only.  ing  to  evil.     Qimb  tuadei  rapinas  sceleraqut^ 

Vadenlem:  in  the  sense  of  eiin/em,  saygHeyne.    Aon  ton/um  inopia  vtr/ui ;  «ef 

redientem.  etiam  avaritia^  ei  auri  saera  /ames^  says  Ra- 

Chaos:    properly,  a  confused    and  cus.  That  avarice  and  thirst  for  g^old,  which 

led  mass  of  matter,  out  of  which  it  persuades  and  hurries  men  to  the  perpctra- 

oecd  all  things  were  made. — One  of  tion  of  crimes,  and  is  the  fruitful  source  of 

il  ancient  gods  of  the  Heathens ;  or  evils. 

hc  parent  of  thom  all.    Phlegethon:  278.  Sopor:  sleep,  the  brother  of  death. 

oe  of  one  of  the  infemal  riveni,  of  The  poets  tell   us  that  Somnus  and  .Afors 

ierivation.    According  to  the  poets,  were  children  of  Aox.    Or,  in  tho  language 

ere  five  rivers  of  hell,  Aeheront  Co'  of  poetry,  sieep  and  deaih  may  be  calJed 

•Tyx,    Phiegeihon^  and  Lethe^  all  of  brothers,  on  account  of  their  resemblance. 

lerivation.    5i/«n/ta :  this  is  the  com-  J\tuia  gaudia  wteniis:  the  criminal  joys  of 

idiog ;  but  Heyne,  on  the  authority  the  mind.     Tkarn  :  then — in  tho  next  place. 

isiaa,  has  taeeniia,  280.  Ferrei  thalami,  k.c.   By  the  iron  beda 

Mertat:  in  the  eense  of  teetat  vel  oe-  of  the  furies,  we  are  to  understand  the  rack- 

ing  tormenls  of  a  guilty  conscience,  the 

Oboeuri  »M  noete  :  by  hypallage,  for  cousequenoe  of  a  course  of  vice  and  sensu»* 

•wra  noete,  lity :   and,  by  frantic  discord,  bound  ae  to 

Per  ineertam  hmam.    By  this,  some  its  viperous  locks  with  bloody  fiUets,  we  are 

umI  the  new  moon  soon  after  its  to  underrtaad  all  those  base  and  taibviVmdL 

i  it  ahiiiee  with  a  feehle  or  glim-  pMeioM,  which  unhinf»  \bAiiaMl^«iidk«iea- 


P.  VIBGILU  MAEUNIS 

Vipereiim  crinem  vitds  imieza  cnientis. 

lu  medio  ramos  annosaque  brachia  panc 

Ulmus  opaca,  ingens :  quam  sedem  Somni 

Vana  tenere  ferunt ;  folusque  sub  omnibus 

185.   Multa   xnonitra  Multaque  pnetere^  variarum  monstra  ferai 

variwom  forirum  t^  Centauri  in  feribus  stabulant,  Scylleqae  bi 

^"L*?!  conullri"'  ^^  ^"*"'"  geminus  Briareus,  ac  beUua  Lc 

Horrendiim  stridens,  flammisque  armata  C 
Gorgones,  Harpyiaeque  ;  et  ferma  tricorpc 
Corripit  hic  subit&  trepidus  fermidine  fem 
iEneas,  striotamque  aciem  venientibus  offt 
SM.  Et  irraat,  et  finui-  Et,  ni  docta  comes  tenues  sine  corpore  vit 

rt    diverberat   umbru  ^dmoneat  volitare  cavA  sub  imagine  fonm 
nnTO«   ni   docta   comee «  m        ^  m         i»  '    t  • 

admoneat  cum  ilUu  te-  Irruat,  et  fnistrk  ferro  diverberet  umbras. 

nues  vitas  yoUtare  lin^      Hinc  via,  Tartarei  quae  fert  Acherontis 
corpore  Turbidus  hic  coeno  vast&que  voragine  gui^ 

«95.  Hinc  est  via,  que  iEstuat,  atque  omnem  Cocyto  eructat  arei 
bi^'ccBno  ^^'  ^'  P<>>^^or  has  horrendus  aquas  et  flumina  sc 
«98.  Portitor  Charon  Terribili  squalore  Charon  :  cui  plurima  m 
horrendus  terribili  squa-  Canities  inculta  jacet :  stant  lumina  flamn 
lore  aervat  Sordidus  ex  humeris  nodo  dependet  amict 

Ipse  ratem  conto  subigit,  velisque  miniatra 
£t  ferrugined.  subvectat  corpora  cymbA 

NOTES. 

tam  ihe  peaoe  of  society.    'these,  with  great  whose  top  waB  infeited  w 

propriety,areplacedintheoppontethre8hold,  bottom  with  serpenta,  whil 

confronting  tlie  criniinal  joye  of  the  mind.  and  sidea  abounded  with 

Thalami :  not  the  marriag^e  bed  ;  for  the  phon  rendercd  it  habitablc 

furiee  were  never  married ;  but  rather  the  fore  said  to  have  slain  thc  : 

place  where  they  were  bogotten,  or  where  289.  Forma  trieorporia  m 

they  resided.  the  three-bodied  giiost  G 

284.  Harent.  Dreams  are  here  reprcsent-  fablcd  to  have  had  threc  b( 
ed  as  only  perchin^  upon  the  leaves,  per>  rcigned  ovcr  three  islands, 
haps  on  account  of  their  light  wandering  ca^  ond  Urica.  IIc  was  a  ] 
nature.  Fcrwn/ :  they  report — say.  Ttnert:  291.  Q/fcr/;  presents.  ^ 
in  the  sense  of  occvpare.  of  umlrcui. 

285.  Multa  monatra :  many  forms  or  spec-  293.  Forma :  in  the  sei 
tres  of  savage  beibSts.  corporis. 

286.  Centauri :  these  were  fabled  to  have  296.  Gurges :  the  river 
been  monsters,  half  man  and  half  horse.  Eructat :  in  the  sense  of  ti 
They  may,  therefore,  properly  be  said  to  be  in  the  scnse  of  in  Cocytum 
ttabled.  The  truth  is,  they  were  a  people  of  298.  Horrendut  terribili 
Thessaly,  who  first  broke  horses,  and  made  ful  w  ith  hornd  filthiness. 
use  of  them  m  war  Scytlce  biformes,  Sce  299.  Cuiplurima  mento 
Ecl.  vi.  74.  a  very  largo  hoary  beard  1 

287.  Briareus :  one  of  the  giants,  said  to  undrcssed.  Cui :  in  the  w 
have  had  a  hundred  hands.  Beltua  Lemce :  300.  Lumina  :  in  the  seni 
the  beast  of  Lerna — the  anake  which  was  ma.  l'his  is  the  coromon 
brod  in  the  lake  of  Lema,  and  destroyed  by  Koman,  Medicean,  and  so 
Hercules.  It  had  sevon  heads,  and  some  have  Jiammce  in  thc  plu. 
aay  fifty ;  and  as  soon  as  any  one  of  them  flammc^  Heyne  reads  Jlct 
was  cut  off,  anothcr  sprang  up  in  its  place.  in  thc  sense  of^ammca,  and 
Stridens  :  hissing  horribly.  of  sunt :  Lumina  suntjlamti 

288.  Chimwra :  a  monster  said  to  vomit  have  lumine  stant  fiammt 
flamcs.  Its  hcad  was  that  of  a  lion,  its  for  ocults^  which  makcs  tJ 
breast  and  middle  parts  rescmblcd  a  goat,  Ruapus  says,  ocuh  sunt  pl 
and  its  tail  a  serpcnt.  He  was  slain  by  Bel-  reads,  flammd^  in  tlie  abl. 
letophon  on  tho  liorse  Pegasus.  The  truth  303.*  Corpora :  \n  thc  sen 
of  the  fablo  is  this :  Chimctra  was  the  name  inania  corpora.  Ferrugim 
of  a  mountain  in  Lycia,  in  Asia  Miuor,  — of  an  iron  hue. 


i 


^NEIB.     LIB.  VL  3«# 

inioT :  sed  cruda  Deo  viridisque  senectus.  304.  CrndaviridlaqiM 

innis  turba  ad  ripas  effusa  ruebat ;  306  S?^''*"  ^  ^  ^'^f^ 

S  atque  viri,  defunctaque  corpora  viti  ^^ 

inimfim  heroum,  pueri  innuptsque  puells, 

itique  rogis  juvenes  ante  ora  parentum : 

multa  in  sylvis  auturani  frigore  primo  309.  Tam  muith  quan 

cadunt  folia,  aut  ad  terram  gurgite  ab  alto  310  P«l*»  ^«lia  lapM  cadiuit 

multae  glomerantur  aves,  ubi  frigidus  annus  "*  .^^^'"'^  pnmo  frigow 

^     ^-       ^      ^  ,      .    .        V**        •  •  autumm ; aul quim mui- 

pontum  fugat,  et  terns  mimitUt  apncis.  t«  avea  glomoraDtar 

it  orantes^  primi  transmittere  cursum, 

bantque  manus  ripae  ulterioris  amore. 

i  sed  trisUs  nunc  hos,  nunc  accipit  illos :  316 

io8  long^  submotos  arcet  arenft. 

eas.  roiratus  enim  motusque  tumultu, 

it,  6  virgo,  quid  vult  concursus  ad  amnero  ? 

e  pcstmt  auime  ?  vel  quo  discrimine  ripas 

iquunti  illsB  remis  vada  livida  vemint  ?  580 

c  breviter  &ta  est  longaeva  sacerdos : 

si  generate,  DeAm  certissima  proles^ 

1  stagna  alta  vides,  Stygiamque  paludem, 

us  jurare  timent  et  fiillere  numen  : 

»mnis,  quam  cernis,  inopa  inhumataque  turba  est : 

>r  iUe  Charon :  hi,  quos  vehit  unda,  sepulti.      326 

pas  datur  horrendas,  nec  rauca  fluenta  3S7.    Nec    datar    m 

>ortare  prius,  quiun  sedibus  ossa  quiSrunt.  teaMportara  eot  honsn- 

m  errant  annos,  volitantque  ha>c  litora  circum  :  np^  neo  ranoa 

lemum  admissi  stagna  exoptata  revisunt.  330 

istitit  AnchisA  satus,  et  vestigia  pressit, 

patans,  sortemque  animo  miseratus  iniquam. 

ibi  moestos,  et  mortis  honore  carentes, 

NOTES. 

Defuneia:  in  the  lense  of  privata.  that  the  waa  ao  completely  emaciated  that 

Qurgiie :  in  the  aenae  of  mari.    Olo^  ahe  retained  nothing  but  her  voicc. 

lor:  in  the  aenso  of  eangregant.    /Vt-  323.  ^Ua  tiagna:  the  deep  watera. 

rmut :  the  cold  aeason  of  the  year —  324.  Ct^ut  numen  Di:  by  whose  diyinitj 

iroach  of  winter.  the  goda  fear  to  swear  and  to  deceive.    7*ht 

Tritiit :  inexorable.    Rueua   saye,  river  Siyx  was  held  in  such  veneration  bjr 

the  gods  that  they  uaed  to  swoar  by  it,  and 

Ati  areei  aHot :  bnt  drivea  othen  re-  if  thej  violated  their  oath  tliey  wcre  de* 

far  from  Ihe  ahore.    Thoae  that  were  prived  of  their  divinity,  and  were  exelnded 

mI  were  not  permitted  to  pass  over,  from  neeiar  and  ambrotia  for  nino  yeara ; 

och  time  aa  they  had  received  the  some  sav  for  a  hundred  yeara.    The  reaeon 

'  burial.  auigned  for  their  conferring  thie  honor  upoo 

Huid  vuli:   whal  means  thia  con-  <S/yir  ia,  that  hor   offspring,   Victory   and 

iic  Strength,  had  given  the  goda  «uch  eignal 

Qmo  diterimine:   by  what  dittinc-  aMistance  in  the   war  againat  the  Ttiana 

r  by  what  reason.  Per  evQut  numen  Dii^  &c. 

Vada:   in  the  senae  of  aqutu^  vel  325.    Inopt:   poor--unable  to  pay  their 

fare,  which  was  an  obolut.     Or,  unable  to 

LongtBca  tacerdot,    Servius  tells  ua  pay  the  expenses  of  burial,  and  so  remained 

poUo,  out  of  alTection  for  the  Sibyl,  inhumaia^  unburied. 

id  her  whatever  she  should  ask;  up-  327.  Daiur:  in  the  sense  oC  permiiiiiur, 

eh  she  took  np  a  handful  of  sand,  328.  Sedibut :  in  their  gravea. 

lired  to  have  her  life  prolonged  to  a  330.    Admitti :    in  the  sense  of  ret^ci. 

»r  yeara  equal  to  the  nurober  of  the  Revituni :  in  the  sense  of  tranteurJ, 

^  maas  contained.    Her  request  was  331.  Prettit  rettigia :  in  the  sensf  of  eai»- 

,  on  condition  she  sbould  remove  iinuit  grettum  vel  pedem ;  a  phraso. 

rmlhrm  to  Cumee^  and  there  spend  the  333.  Honore  mortit :  burial.    Prixaim  ho» 

mt  of  her  daya.    She  lived  so  long  nore  tq^iun^  taya  Ru»ua. 


ri8  P.  VIRGILII  MARONiS 

Leucaspim,  et  Lyciae  ductorem  clasBiB  On 
Quos  simul  k  Troj&  ventosa  per  lequora  V( 
Obruit  Auster,  aquft  involvens  navemque  i 
Ecce  gubernator  sese  Palinurus  agebat 
Qui  Libyco  nuper  cursu,  dum  sidera  sem 
Exciderat  puppi,  mediis  efiusus  in  undis. 
Hunc  ubi  vix  multi  mcBstum  cognovit  in  i: 
Sic  prior  alloquitur :  Quis  te,  Palinure,  D 
Eripuit  nobis,  medioque  sub  «quore  men 
U%  Namque  Apollo,  ^j^.^  ^  ^      Namque  mihi  fallax  haud  antd 

•SSi:tirsre  Hoc  uno  responso  animum  delusit  ApoUo 
loo  uno  reapoMo;  qui  Qui  fore  te  ponto  incolumem,  finesque  ca: 
sanebat  Venturum  Ausonios  :  en !  hmc  promissa  : 

IUe  aulem  :  Neque  te  Plioebi  cortina  fefel 

Dux  Anchisiade ;  nec  me  Deus  squore  n 

349.  Namque  prroci-  Namque  gubern4clum  multi  vi  fbrtd  revu 

&'ur  for  «vll:  Cm  «latus  h«rebam  custos,  cu«U8que  «g 

,m,i  Praecipitans  traxi  mecum.     Mana  aspeni 

351.  Juro  per  aspera  Non  ullum  pro  me  tantum  cepisse  timore 

maria  me  non  cepiiwe  ul-  Qu^m  tua  ne,  spoliata  armis,  excussa  ma| 

'""^  Deficeret  tantis  navis  surgentibus  undis. 

Tres  Notus  hybernas  immensa  per  equoi 

Vexit  me  violentus  aquA  :  vix  lumine  qui 

Prospexi  Italiam,  summft  sublimis  ab  und 

S58.Tuta  /oca,ni  cru-  Paulatim  adnabam  terrae,  et  jam  tuta  tein 

dalif  gens  ferro  inva««-  p^|  gg^g  crudelis  madidl  cum  veste  grava 

^  Prensantemque  uncis  manibus  capita  asp 

Ferro  invasisset,  pnedamque  ignara  putA 
Nunc  me  fiuctus  habet,  versantque  in  litc 

NOTES. 

336.  Obruit:  drowned — sunk.  was  not  false  and  decep 

VH.jJgtbat  sese :  in  thc  scnso  offerebat  sese,  tho  seuse  of  submersit. 

338.   Libyco   eursu,     Palinurus  was  not  3o0.  Cui  hcerebam :  to 

drowned  in  tlie  Libyan,  but  in  tlie  Tuscan  \ng  the  appointed  hehnsm 

■ea,  afler  he  set  sail  froin  Sicily.     The  voy-  of  the  ship  which  he  carr 

age  was  coinineiiccd  froin  Africa,  or  Libya,  nurus  kept  himself  above 

which  is  tho  reason  of  its  being  cailed  a  cnablcd  to  swim  to  the  li 

Libyan  coursc,  or  voyage.     Effusus :  in  tlie  353.  Js^e  tua  navis^  spoh 

eense  of  tapstis  vel  pracipitatus,  being  deprived  of  its  rudi 

347.  Cortina:  tho  table  ortripod  on  which  a  pilot,  &c.  „^rma  signif 
the  statue  of  Apoilo  was  placed,  whcnce  re-  navigation,the  whole  taci 
sponscs  werc  given;  by  meton.  the  oracle  of  a  ahip,  whether  for  i 
it«olf.  yeque  te,  In  this  and  the  following  ment.,  or  defence.  Excu 
line  soine  iniagine  a  difliculty ;  to  remove  privata.  Armis:  ^or  gui 
which,  they  inake  a  point  ailer  the  pronoun  357.  Snblimis:  raiscd 
me,  roading  it  thus :  J^or  hath  the  oraele  of  a  wave,  I  saw  Italy.  Lv 
jipoUo  dfceived  you^  nor  me;  a  god  plungod  of  die, 

mo  into  thc  sca.     For  the  poet  had  inform-  358.     Paulatim  :     at 

ed  us,  Lib.  v.  841,  that  Palinurus  was  ac-  There  are  several  instan 

tually  tlirown  overboard  by  the  god  Somnus,  the  indicative  appoare  U 

Othere  connect  the  me  with  wiersit^  and  say,  the  subjunctive,or  when 

though  it  was  a  god,  yet  Palinunis  believed  ly  requires  tho  sub.    Ji 

K  to  be  Phorbas,  one  of  the  ■ona  of  Priaxn.  should   have  now  been 

But  there  is  no  need  of  this  refinemenL  not,  &c 

348.  JVec  mersit :  nor  hath  a  god  drowned  359.  JVt ;  in  the  eenM 
m«  m  the  sea.  Although  P^inurus  waa  361.  Putisset:  by  ■; 
thrown  ovorboard  by  Somnus,  he  was  not  They  ignorant  thought  i 
drowned.     He  arrived  eafe  to  the  ehores  of  362.  Fersant :  toae  m 

^i-  — j  4||Q|^Q|^  ^Q  promiae  of  Apollo    vhore. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  VI. 

>er  coili  jncundiim  liimen  et  anrfM, 

>rem  oro,  per  spcs  surgentis  lijli ; 

hiu,  invicte,  malis :  aut  tu  mihi  terram        365 

mque  potcs  ;  portusque  require  Velinoii  *  - 

qua  via  est,  si  quam  tibi  Diva  creatrix 

neque  enim,  creilo,  sine  numine  Div(^m 

anta  paras  Sty^amque  innare  paludem)       ' 

m  misero.  et  tocum  me  tolle  per  undas,      370 

t  saltem  imcidis  in  morte  quiescam. 

Ltus  erat :  ccepit  ciim  talia  vates  : 

,  6  Palinure,  tibi  tam  dira  cupido  ?  373.   Und«   ui   hm 

s  inhumatus  aquas,  amnemcioe  scvenim  <<^  dira 

m  aspicies?  ripamve  injussus  adibis  ?  376     375.  AUtram  npam 

a  De(jm  flecti  sperare  precando. 

dicta  memor,  duri  solatia  casiis.  377.  Sed  memor  cti)« 

Snitimi,  longe  lateque  per  urbes  "^  dict»,  tanqtuim  •u- 

acti  coclestibus,  ossa  piabunt ;  379  Jj^*  J^.    ?*"".  **?**• 

,  ^'  ,'       ,        \        .^^     ,  Nam  finiUmi  acti  cajlci- 

it  tumulum,  et  tumulo  solemnia  mittent :  tibus  prodigiis  piabunt 

que  locus  Palinuri  nomen  habebit.  tua  oMa 

curae  emote,  pulsusque  parumper  382.  Cure  emotn  «uni, 

or  tristi :  gaudet  cognomine  terrA.  dolorque  parumpcr  pul- 

Br  inceptum  peragunt,  fluvioque  propinquant :    *"'  "'  *«'^ 

os  jam  inde  ut  Stygi&  prospexit  ab  und&      386     385.  Quoi.  ut  naviu 

m  neinus  ire,  pedemque  advertere  ripae  ;  i™  "><J?  *!>  S^^K»^  »««** 

iggreditur  dictis,  atque  increpat  ultro  :  proepexit,  ire  per 

»,  armatus  qui  nostra  ad  flumina  tendis, 

,  quid  venias  :  jam  istinc  et  comprime  gressum. 

n  hic  locus  est,  Somni,  Noctisque  soporae  : 

iva  nefas  Stygi4  vectare  carinA.  391      391.    Nefa»  tat  vee- 

Alciden  me  sum  Istatus  euntem  **" 

NOTES. 

>0  mt :  rescue  me  from  these  evils,  were  dirccted  to  appeue  his  Mttnet,    They 

ero.     Wbile  he  remained  unbu-  dcdicated  to  him  a  grove,  and  built  him  a 

d  not  paw  over  to  the  peaccful  tomb  to  the  touth  of  yeHa^  upon  the  pro* 

erocs ;  not  until  the  expiration  montory,  which  from  that  time  m-as  called 

d  years.     This  was  the  evil  here  afler  his  name. 

V.-         BT,.               j.  /.  380.  J»fi7/fn/ fotoimia :   they  shall  make 

ut  Kelinot.  Keltnat,  an  adj.  from  anniversary  olferings  opon  the  tomb.     />- 

y  on  the  shore  of  Lueania,  be-  ^^  jnfeHaM,  uljb  Hcyne.    Fertni  muntra, 

promontoncs  of  Palinurut  and  ^y^  Rueus. 

ounded  by  Senius  Tuliius,  more         „00  ^     j  j  » t    1     a  i:.u«. 

ndied  ye«  after  ^neas.     The  .   ^f'  ^^f"*  uT^T^^w"^''  '*"  ^r^^^ 

«s  this  by  way  of  anUcipation.  ">.  ^»«  ^^^  f^"^  ^^^'  ^^^.k*^     *^ 

Urix:  in  the  Jense  of  mater.  '"'^  '   ."  ^^'  «^^»»»  '^'^  '"^     ^'^* 

ire :  io  the  sense  of  transire.  ^ognommu. 

eteam:  that  at  least  in  doath  I  385.  JVart/a:  Charon. 

peacefiil  seats.     PalinurusMife  387.  Ultr6:  of  his  own  accord — firstr^be- 

U  of  labor  and  toil :  and,  there-  fore  being  spoken  to. 

•  a  peculiar  emphanin  in  his  beg-  3B9.  Jam  itHne:  and  now  stop  your  pro 

t  in  the  rei^ons  of  ihe  dead.  gress   there— from    this    moment    procecd 

I  .*    decrees — purposes.      Fleeti :  not  a  step  faither.     ^uid :  in  the  sense  ol 

ed,  or  tumed  from  tho  fixed  or-  eur.    Or,  «6  quid  tfeniat. 

[B.  392.  jiPee  lalaiut  tum :  nor  indeed  was  I 

htni  otta.    We  are  told  by  Ser-  pleased  that  I  took  over  the  lako  Hercolca. 

le  inhabitantf  of  Lucania,  as  a  coming  hither,  iLo.    The  poets  tell  os  tha» 

for  the  inhoman  morder  of  Pa-  when  Hercules  descended  to  helU  Charon 

*•  Tiaited  with  a  plague.     They  was  terrified  at  his  appearance,  and  iinme- 

n  orade  npon  tbe  subject,  and  diately  took  bim  into  hii  iMii^  io*  iiNiM^ 

25 


tnro  p.  viRGiLn  makonis 

Accepisse  lacu ;  nec  Thesea,  PirithofiiiK) 
Dis  quanquam  geniti,  atque  invicti  viribu 
Tartareum  iile  manu  custodem  in  vincla 
IpsiuB  ^  solio  regis  traxitque  trementem  : 
Hi  doroinam  Ditis  tiialamo  deducere  ado 
Quae  contra  breviter  fata  est  AmphiTi 
Nullss  hic  insidie  tales  ;  absiste  movcri ; 

400.  JVMlra  tela  fe-  Nec  vim  tela  ferunt :  licet  ingens  jamtoi 
nni  wim:  ptrnot  Ucet  ^temum  latrans  exsangues  terreat  ilib 

Casta  licet  patrui  servet  Proeerpina  lime 
Troius  iEneas,  pietate  insignis  et  armia, 
Ad  genitorem,  imas  Erebi  descendit  ad 
Si  te  nulla  movet  tantie  pietatis  imago, 
At  ramum  hunc  (aperit  ramum,  qui  \em 

407.  Corda  ^/^i^  Agnoscas.     Tumid4  ex  iri  tum  corda  r 

V^  ^ora^hia^SSa  «m/.  S^^  P^"*?  ^^' ,   **^^  «^™™»^»  venerabil* 

Fataus  virgse,  longo  post  tempore  visunc 

Coeruleam  advertit  puppim,  ripieque  prc 

Inde  alias  animas,  quee  per  juga  longa  f 

Deturbat,  laxatque  foros  :  simul  accipit 

Ingentem  iEneam.     Gemuit  sub  ponde: 

Sutilis,  et  multam  accepit  rimosa  palud< 

416.  Tandem  Charon  Tandem  trans  fluvium  incolumes  vatem 

npoiiit   yatemqoe    vi-  Informi  limo  glauc&que  exponit  in  ulva. 

niroque  incolumee  Cerberus  h«BC  ingens  latratu  regna  ti 

Personat^  adverso  recubans  immanis  in 
Cui  vates,  horrere  videns  jam  colla  col 
Melle  soporatam  et  medlcalis  frugibus  i 

NOTE8. 

Pluto  bound  him  in  chaine  for  a  whole  ye&r.  was  both  uncle  and  ha 

To  thifl  ho  here  alludes.  She  was  the  daughter 

394.  Quanquam  geniii :    although    thcy  the  brother  of  Pluto. 
were  the  sons  of  the  gods,  and  invincible  in         ^qq^  Jiperit :  in  the  i 
itrength.     i/ercii/M  was  the  eon  of  Jupiter;  .__    „^  ...  , 
Tluieut,  of  Ncptune ;  and  PiHtfiou*.  accord-  ,  ^^'  f '*//'    w  ""^* 
ing  to  Homer,  was  the  son  of  Dia,  the  wife  T^^f              "^5     **' 
of  Ixion,  hy  Jove.  J^^  pI^^S^  ^'  evidencc 

395.  Tartareum  euttodem:  the  Tartarean  p^^^t  '^  ^'"  .^y^jj^^f »*«^ 
keeper— Uie   dog    Cerberua.      His    proper  J^,  .^«   admitted   mlo 
place  waa  at  the  entrance  of  the  infcmal  re-  J  "»    appears  to   havi 
gions.     lUe:  Herculee.     He  drew  Cerberus  C»»"on  for  a  similar 
from  tho  throne  of  hie  maater,  whither  he  ^*"»®  *  Pe^haps  by  Thei 
had  fled  for  ehelter.     Or,  by  the  throne  of        412,  Deturbat  alia*  a 
Pluto  we  majr  understand  his  dominions  in  othor  souls,  that  sat  i 
^eneral.      Peiivit :    eeized — bound   hiin   in  0'^«)  and  clears  the  d 
chains.  may  bo  renderod,  opent 

397.  Hi  adorti :  Theeeue  and  Pirithous.  says,  "  emptics  the  ho 

These   attempted   to   cariy  off  Proserpine  414.     Sutili* — rimoi 

firom  the  bed  of  Pluto :  both  daring  attcmpts.  Paludem :  for  aquam, 

29H,  Amphrysia  vatet:  the  prophotess  of  416.  ExponU :  land 

Apollo.    Amphrytia :  nxi  hA],  irom  Amphry-  417.  Ctrbcrut.      Hc 

tut^  a  river  of  Theesaly,  where  Apollo  kept  having  three  separat< 

the  florks  of  Admetus,  when  banished  by  cpithet  trifaucu 

Jove  from  lieaven  for  killing  the  Cyclops,  413.  Pertonai  haee 

nho  forged  bis  thunderbolts.     Here  taken  tonat  per  htrr  regna, 

as  a  narae  of  ApoUo.     Contra  qtue:  in  au-  420.  Objicit  offam: 

■Tver  to  wnich — in  rcply  to  whicli.  soakcd  in  honey  and  i 

402.    Pairui     gon.  of  pairuut,      Pluto  frugibut  wc  are  to  um 


iENEIS.    LIB    VJ.  «n 

Ule  fiiiiie  rabidi  tria  guttura  pandeM, 

objectam,  atque  immania  terga  resolvit  4tS.  Coiriptt  «cai  ob 

mi,  totoque  ingens  extenditur  antro.  Jectam,  at^ue  fiMiM  ko- 

iEneas  aditum,  cuatodo  sepulto,  "" 

e  celer  lipam  irremeabilis  undae.  425 
lud  auditas  voces,  vagitus  et  ingens, 
que  aninue  flentes  in  limine  primo : 

cis  vitae  exsortes,  et  ab  ubere  raptof  428.    ^uot    ezsortM 

atra  dies,  et  funere  mersit  acerbo.  ^^^  vit»,  et  raptoi  ab 

.  lab»  d.mnati  crimme  morliB.  *30  ^^^Si^Z^Tt^ 
*  h»  sme  sorte  datie,  sine  judice,  sedes.  mortii  tub 

'  Minos  umam  movet :  ille  silentdUn  432.  Silentam  iiii6ra- 

nque  vocat^  vitasque  et  crimina  discit.  f^vmL 

(la  deinde  tenent  moesti  loca,  qui  sibi  letum  434.    Deinde    m<arti, 

peperere  manu,  lucemque  perosi  436  **"*  infoptee  peperto  lo- 

5  animas.     Quim  vellent  JBthere  in  alto  ^       ,  "^  manu,  pe- 

a  »ii....»a.     ^«.«uM  w^MM^MMi.  ...U.V.V  ..«  «».%v  roeique  Incem  projec4rt 

paupenem  et  duros  perferre  lahores !  ,   miimae,  tenent  prozima 

tant^  tristique  palus  inamabilis  undA  loca 

it  novies  Styx  interflisa  coercet. 

NOTES. 

,  aad  other  ■oporiferous  ingre-  of  puniehment,  proportiuned  to  their  actual 

■ini. 

etolvii :   relazee.     Terga :  in  the  431.  Sorie,     Senrioe  takee  torte  to  imply 

fius^  vel  eormu,  eentence,  appointment,  or  destination.    Ju' 

ptUto :    buned  in  aleep.    Somno  diee,    The  judgea  of  hell,  according  to  the 

watood.  poeta,  were  three:  Mmot^  RhadamanthuM^ 

adii :  he  aacenda— or  mounte  the  and  JSacut,    Minoe  waa  a  kbig  of  Crete, 

le  impaMable  ftream.     Unde  non  celebrated  for  the  equtty  of  hia  adminietr»- 

f§  Rueue.  tion,  and  the  juitice  of  his  laws;    hence 

'aniumque  anima.    The  wailinga  feigned  to  be  the  firat  judge  of  hell.    Rfuk- 

ifant  ghoflta  or  ahades,  considered  damanihut  waa  hia  brother  and  prime  minie- 

poetical  light,  are  very  properlv  *«''•  ^^  ^««*  ■<>"•  ^^  ^^^  "><*  Europa. 

f  in  the  entrance  of  Pluto'i  king-  '^^  I^"  ^»  «on  ^^Jj^T^  *"<*  ^^^a,  tbo 

ey  caat  a  melancholy  gloom  over  ^*^«''  ofPeleut,  kingof  Theiialy,and  grand- 

and  ezcite  auch  tender  paasionB  mlher  of  Achillee. 

id  of  the  reader,  ai  prepare  him  T**»  ■«^•«^  apartmenU  of  the  infemal 

sg  the  beautiea  of  so  grave  and  wgiona  were  appomted  or  amigned  to  tbo 

epreaenUtion.     But  then  their  la-  •«▼«ral  ahades,  accordmg  to  the  deciaion  of 

and  weeping  we  are  not  to  con-  **>«  \^^i^  appointed  to  ait  in  judgment  up- 

le  effcct  of  puniehment,  so  much  <>"  ""«'^  livea  and  actiona. 

reesion  of  iheir  grief  jnd  ■orrow  432.    .¥orei  umam:    he  sbakes  the  um 

iken  away  by  an  unt&ly  death.  ^hich   conUins  each   one^s  sentence.     Iq 

.       .  ,  •                ^K      .     #>  other  words,   he   determines    every    one*f 

ttortet  duleu  vtttB:   deHhred   of  j^^_,    -«^   .— ;«^.  ♦!,-:-   ....^.^.  !*••:»... 

-8,  pnvaiot,  ^^  Greeks,  wbo  used  two  uras,  iiito  tho 

na-e :  m  the  sense  of  mor/c.    Da-  one  or  other  of  which  the  judges  cast  lh«ir 

s,  •'  an  untimely  grave."  eateuli  tortety  or  suffrages,  accordine  as  thcy 

wmmii  mortit,    That  they  should  were  inclined  to  condemn  or  absolve.    »S'i- 

d  who  suffer  death  under  a  falte  lenittm :  of  the  shades. 

tcoiMi/ton,  may  at  first  view  ap-  434.  Mtuti :  the  sad — melancholy. 

it.    Though  they  were  innocont  435.  Intoniet :  innocent,  in  other  respeet^ 

le  for  which  they  were  condemn-  436.  Qii^  velieni:  bow  willing  they  now 

not  follow  that  they  were  wholly  are  to  bear,  irc,    ^lio  athere:  in  the  nppor 

ault,  and  innocent  in  their  lives.  world — in  the  reffions  of  light 

ling  to  tho  doctrineof  the  Platonic  *    438.  Faia,    Tnis  is  tlie  eommon  reading. 

,  none  could  have  access  to  the  Heyne  reads  Faty  and  informs  us  that  Hein- 

Uls  till  their  stains  and  pollutions  sius,  Servius,  and  Donatns,  do  the  t ime. 

sd  away.    It  became  necessiuy,  InamabiHt:  hateful— odioos. 

bat they  ahould  nndergo  a  degree  439.  ^SIyap :  U  wia  •alkd  ui  ^fsm  y^atit^^aMm> 


KfiU  P.  VIRGIIil  MAAONIS 

Nec  procu)  hinc,  partem  fusi  monstimi 

Lugentes  campi :  sic  ilios  nomine  dicuu 

442.  Hlo  Moreti  cal-  Hic,  quos  durus  amor  cnideii  tabe  perec 

iM  oeiant,et  myitea  ■▼!-  Secreti  celant  calles,  et  myrtea  circiim 
ja  woto-tefirilee#,quo-  gy|^^  ^^^j^  .  ^^^  ^^^  -^^  -^^  ^^^^  ^^ 

His  Phrodram  Prucrinque  locis,  mcBstam 

446.    JEneat     cemit  Crudeiis  nati  monstrantem  vulnera  cemi 

/iMBdram  Evadnenque,  et  Pasiphaen.     His  Laodti 

It  comes ;  et,  juvenis  quondam,  nunc  fbe 

Rursiis  et  in  veterem  fato  revoluta  figun 

Inter  quas  Phcenissa  recens  k  vulnere 

451.  JuxU  quam,  ot  Errabat  syivA  in  magnA  :  quam  Troius  l 

pnmiim   Troiu.    hero.  ^t  pnmum  juxta  stetit,  agnovitque  per  « 

453.    TWem   qualem,  Obscuram  ;  qualem  primo  qui  surgere  i 

qni  aut  videt  Aut  videt,  aut  vidisse  putat,  per  nubila  1: 

Demisit  iachrymas,  dulcique  afTatus  amc 
456.  Ergh  verua  nun-  Infeiix  Dido!  verus  mihi  nuntius  ergd 

^ «M^nr"*  !!in* ''  T  Venerat,  extinctam,  ferroque  extrema  M 
eztmctam,    secutamque  ^^         .   V       .-f  i»  • .  -i 

extrema  ferro?  Funens  heu  tibi  causa  fui !  per  sidera  ji 

459.  Et  per  Jidem^  si  Per  Superos,  et,  si  qua  fides  teilure  sub 

qua  fidee  Invitus,  regina,  tuo  de  iitore  cessi. 

Sed  me  jussa  De(im,  qusB  nunc  has  ire  ] 

Per  ioca  senta  situ  cogunt,  noctemque  ] 

NOTES. 

aronnd  the  reaUns  of  Pluto.    Futi :  ipread —        447.  Evadnen.    She 

eztending  in  every  direction.  Mart,  and  wife  of  Capa 

445.  Phadram,     She  wae  the  daughter  of  beinff  ilain  in  battle ; 

Minos,  and  wife  of  Thoseus.     She  fell  in  formmg  his  funeral  rit 

love  with  her  stcp-son  Hippolytus,  who  re-  on  the  pilo,  and  was  c 

fused  to  comply  with  her  requcst.     Whero-  Laodamia.     She  was  tl 

upon,  she  accused  him  to  her  husband  of  tus,  and  wife  of  Prote. 

offering  violence  to  her.     Upon  this  he  slew  first  of  the  Greeks  slai 

him  with  his  own  hand.     As  soon  as  she  Whcn  she  hcard  the  nc 

hcard  of  this,  she  was  so  stung  with  remorse  death,  nothing  would 

that  she  finally  hung  herself     Procrin.  Pro-  sight  of  his  ghost,  whi 

eris  was  the  daughter  of  Erechthcus,  icing  to  her :   she  ^reathed 

of  Athons,  and  wife  of  Cephaiiu.     She  lost  fbnd  embraces  of  the  pi 

her  life  through  jealousy  of  her  husband.  See  24.  supra.     Extrt 

Sfae  watched  him  one  day  in  the  woods,  mortem.     Secutam:  essi 

where  he  waa  wont  to  go  a  hunting,  and  have  brought  death  up 
overheard  him,  in  the  heat  of  the  day,  in-         ^j>     fV.^  p 

voking  the  cool  breeie,  and   repcating  to  Elath;u.;^tae  of  the" 

nimselt,  aura  vent,     Sho  imacfmed  he  was  .       .         ir  «     «u  l 

,,.       u-       •  *  j  •       c         «u  uifi:  herself  to  the  emb 

calJtng  his  miBtrees;  and,  conim?  from  the       .«  •     j  r         w      .v 

,       ® /.  ,  ,         '  1      *u     j-  obtamed  from  him  th 

place  of  her  conce^ment  to  make  the  d.s-  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^^„,j  , 

covery,  she  made  the  bu.heB  move;  which    ^  ^„^,^._     ^^^^  ^,,^ 


the  prophet  of  Argoi.    Forereeing  that  ho  eoX8'thoin«eIveg'  '"wi 

ehould  die  if  he  wont  to  the  Theban  war  ^.^^^  ^^^  ^^^^jj  ^j^ 

agaiPBt  £/«)cte.,  he  «>ught  to  conceal  him-  ^^^^  ;     ^^^^^       ^, 

•elf ;  but  wae  ducovered  by  his  wife,  who  ^oluta  fato  •  chanirec 

wai   bribed  by   Polynices,  the   brother  of  ^          r>  •  * 

Eteoclei,  with  a  golden  neciilace.     He  waa  ^^^'  Primo  mense ; 

forced  to  the  wbt,  and  perished  by  an  earth-  monthly    cour8e--«oo 

quake  aa  he  was  fighUng  valiantly.     Hia  «'*^en  her  light  is  feebl 

•on  Alemaon  revenged  his  death  by  JEilling  462.    Senta :    in  th 

E/if^%  hia  mother.  plena.    A  metaphor  i 


iENElS.    UB.  VI.  918 

!  eg^re  siuis :  nec  credere  quivi, 
intum  tibi  me  discessu  ferre  dolorem. 
Bdum,  teque  aspectu  ne  subtrahe  nostro.         466 
u^s  ?  extremum  fiito  quod  te  ailoquor  hoc  est.         466.  IIoo  nt  extre 
Mneaa  ardentem  et  torva  tuentem  ">**™  iemmu  atrmiuwn 

dicti»  animum,  lachrymasque  ciebat.  rSibu'.    di^^ZJSi 

>  fixos  oculos  aversa  tenebat :  lonibat  ^.^  anUnum  ir- 

gb  incepto  vultum  sermone  movetur,  470  dentem,  et  toentem  tor 

i  dura  silex,  aut  stet  Marpesia  cautes.  va 

1  corripuit  sese,  atque  inhnica  refugit 
is  umbriferum  ;  conjux  ubi  pristinus  illi 
det  curis,  aequatque  Sicho^us  amorem. 
lut  iEneas  casu  percussus  uiiquo,  475 

litur  kchrymans  longc,  et  miseratur  euntem. 
datum  moUtur  iter.     Jamque  arva  tcnebant 

qu»  bello  clari  secreta  frequentant.  478.  Qo«  eecreta  wi 

occurrit  Tydeiis,  hic  inclytus  armis  «^"  *^  fiwqoentMrt. 

opsus,  et  Adrasti  pallentis  imago.  480 

Itum  fleti  ad  superos,  belloque  caduci 
de  :  quos  iile  omnes  longo  ordine  cemens, 
it :  Glaucumque,  Medontaque,  Thersiiochumque, 
itenoridas :  Cererique  sacrum  Polybceten, 
ue,  etiam  currus,  etiam  arma  tenentem.  486 

stant  anime  dextr&  lev&quo  frcquentes.  437,  Hec  Mtla  eoi  iU 

isse  seniel  satis  est :  juvat  usque  morari,  vidisse  eum  ■cmel* 

NOTES. 

negleetF— eovered  with  weeds  and    generals  who  commanded  at  the  Theban 

war,  about  thirty  ycars  before  tho  sief^  of 
\uin :  in  the  ■enie  of  potui,  Troy.     He  was  Ihe  fatiicr  of  ihe  famone 

\uod,  U  he  could  read  quo^  in  the  Diomede,  and  waa  alain  by  Menaitpput  the 
panage  would  be  easier.  Rueue  Theban,  at  Uie  aiege  of  Thebcs.  Partheno' 
a  that  sense :  quo  ieeum  loauory  aaya    (»«•««  was  the  son  of  Meleager  and  Atalanta. 

Ho   went  to  Uie   Tlieban  war  whcn  very 
^UnudktiMJEfua»:  in.ucbword.    y."""!!-    '»"  ..id  he  afterward  died  at  tha 

.f  th.  neurplu.  of  /or»u.,  toiten  a.  «jH'"'-»"-"»»'  »>»»••  ^ Tydeu.  and  Polymce.. 

b  in  imitaUoD  of  the  Greelt.,  the  H.v.ng  Io»t  a  numerou.  army  bcfore  TVitfc», 

,      «  hc  wa«  rorccd  to  raise  the  sicge  01  Ihat  city, 

Wm  .•  tumed  from  him.    Rucu.  ??'*  "'^«f  prccipitatcly  to  hi.  own  counliy. 

■nm  i  bul  that  idea  i.  expreMed  by  "'."  8''°'*'  °'  «'"^»' ."  "=""«•!  ?»''•  ^"T 
-  f>  '  '^  ^     palcness  is  a  companion  of  fljght  and  fear. 

torrlurrullum.-  moTed  with  regard  -"''•  f^*f»f  ••    thoje    above-the  upper 

iinteDV.ce:  a  Grecbm.    Thi.  in-  »»rl«l-the  Iivmg.    Jtfu//um:  m  tlie«m.eof 

>f  .£neas  and  Dido,  is  in  imitation  ^^  ,nn    ^i                r^\                   .l       ..    r 

iy«ey,wherethep,^ctbring.UIy.-  .r^^,^'"""^.   Glaiicu.  wj.  thc  «m  of 

jirtoietherii.theh.fomaIropon..  «'PPoIochu.,  and  f^nd»»»  «f  '^J*""^ 

luct  ofDido  i.  copied  from  that  of  Bellcrophon.  He,with  Sarpedo..,  comm«,d. 

«iiSiau.obMrve.that  thc  .ilenco  «4  »'"  LyciM.  troop.  «?  «^'«  T"J»",*"- 

U  mor.  .ublime  than  any  word.  ^"'"'''''Ift,  He  w..of  Macedonia,  m  tb. 

re  been.  conhncs  of  Tlirace.    He  was  sJain  by  Aclill- 

les.     TVef  jinttnoridai :  the  Uirec  sons  of 

hrp«to :  an  adj.  from  Narpetui,  a  Antcnor.     Homcr  cails  Uiem,  Polifbut,  Agf 

i  on  Uie  island  ofParot,  onc  of  Uie  n^r,  and  ^eamut,    Idaum.     iJe  was  Um 

.  tamous  for  lU  white  marblc.  chariotcer  of  Priam. 

limtro;  hating— dctcsting  him.  484.  Sacrum:  in  Uie  sense  of  taeerdoieak 

liquocatu:  in  Uic  scnsc  of  acerba  Honier    niakcs   no  mention   of  Poljfbmim 

^teminus:  ncverUiclci«»  aiiiong    thc   Trojans.     Hc    mcnlions   him 

foiuur :  m  tne  sense  oi  proieamtur.  aiiiong  Uie  Grccks,  undcr  tho  uaxiva  ol  Po- 

)fdew     Tjdeus  was  one  or  those  Ijfpmlu^  the  ann  of  PiritKofa 


874  ?.  VIRGIUI  MARONIS 

Et  conferre  gradimi,  et  Tenieiidi  discere  i 
At  Danaiiin  proceres,  Agameninoniieqae 
Ut  vid^re  vinim,  fulgentiaque  amia  per  q 

491.  Cnpenmi  tnpi-  Ingenti  trepidare  metu :  pars  fertere  tei^j 
4Man  ingmiti  meta:  pan  Ceu  quondam  petidre  rates :  pars  toBere 
Mqijf  Tertere.  Exiguam  :  inceptus  clamor  frustrator  hii 

Atque  hic  Priamiden  laniatum  corpor 

495.  Lacemm  cside-  Deiphobum  vidit,  lacerum  crudeliter  ora 

Uter  quoad  orm,  orm,  am-  Qya,  manusque  ambas,  populataque  teixi| 

bMque  manue,  tempora-  Auribus,  et  truncas  mhonesto  vulner«  m 

que  pop  y.^  ^ j^  agnovit  pavitantem,  et  dira  tegt 

Supplicia :  et  notis  compellat  vocibus  ull 

Deiphobe  armipotens,  genus  alto  k  sangi 

601.  Quis  optavit  bu-  Qyig  tam  crudeles  optavit  sumere  poenai 

mere  de  '«  ^"^.^^^^^^j^  Cui  tantum  de  te  licuit  ?  Mihi  fiima  supi 

SS^tantum    ^pHHi  ^octe  tulit,  fessum  vastA  te  ciede  Pelasg 

de  te?  Procubuisse  super  confiisie  stragis  acerv 

Tunc  egomet  tumulum  Rhceteo  in  litort 

608.  Et  decedens  po-  Constitui,  et  magnA  Manes  ter  voce  voc 
uere  ie  iepuUum  patnA  ^^^^^j^  ^^  ^rma  locum  servant.     Te,  an 

609.  Priamidet  aii :  Conspicere,  et  patriA,  decedens  ponere  t 
Nihil,  6  amice,  relictum  Ad  quflB  Priamides :  Nihil  6  tibi,  amice. 
eei  Omnia  Deiphobo  solvisti,  et  funeris  uml 

611.  HiBc  vuburaian'  g^  ^^  ^^  njg^  et  scehis  exitiale  Lac« 
fiMm  monumenta  efut  jjjg  mersere  malis  :  illa  hiec  monument 

613.  Namque  n6eti,  Namque,  ut  supremam  falsa  inter  guadi 
ut  egerimufl  Egerimus,  n^sti ;  et  nimidm  meminisse 

NOTES. 

488.  Conferre  gradum :  to  meet  hira — to  vel  spoHata,  Raptu :  i 
come  in  close  confercnce  with  him :  a  phrase.  When  the  concluding  v 
Utque:  in  the  eense  of  diu,  line  is  repcated  in  the  l 

489.  Phnlanges:  in  the  sense  of  turmce.  lowing  linc,  the  figure  : 

492.  Ceu  quondam^  &c.  The  account  of  It  is  usually  emphatici 
the  fight  to  which  the  poet  here  alludes,  is  instance.  Truneas :  ct 
ffiJiren,  Iliad  15.  The  Trojans  under  Hcctor  499.  Syppiicia  :  in  t 
drove  the  Grccks,  forced  their  entrench-  vel  plagus.  J^otis :  fi 
menta,  pursued  them  to  their  ships,  and  sct  have  rcfcrcnco  to  theii 
them  on  fire.  language.     This  is  the 

493.  Clamor  ineeptus  :  the  cry  begun,  eus  takes  it :  eognita  v 
fruetrates  them,  gaping  and  opening  thcir  500.  Genus:  oiTsprii 
throats.  They  were  bo  terrified  at  thc  sight  apposition  with  Deipho 
of  iEncas,  ae  to  be  unable  to  finish  the  504.  Cor^usa  stragi 
■cream  which  they  had  begun.     It  pcrished  cases. 

in  the/r  throats.     Rusus  takos  yru«/ra/ur  in  507.  ^omen  et  arma 

the  sense  of  fallit,  locus  serrat  nomen  et  a 

495.  Deiphobum.     De'iphobu8  was  the  son  serves  your  name  and  i 

of  Priam,  and  married  Helen  afler  the  dcath  509.  ^d  tput.     Rus 

of  Paris.     What  is  here  said  of  his  being  read  atque  hie.     Heync 

cruelly  mangled,  ie  agreeable  to  the  account  qua.     Heinsius  and  J 

ffiven  by  Dictys  Cretensis.     He  was  slain  by  qua  hete. 

Menelaus.     This  representation  of  Deipho'  510.  Funerit :  the  o 

bus^  mangled  shade  or  ghost,  ia  according  itself. 

to  tho  phUosophy  of  Plato,  who  taught  that  511.   Laetenet:  of  Hi 

the  dead  retain  the  eame  niarks  and  blemieh-  monian. 

et^  in  their  bodiei,  which  they  had  when  512.  IllareHquii:  ah 

alive.  and  wounds,  whiofa  fo 

496  Fnpuiata :  in  the  eenae  of  prvoaia  of  ber  lovo. 


?^>*. 


iENEIS.    Ufi.  VL  879 

fiitalif  eqmift  saha  miper  ardua  venit  616 

i,  et  aimatum  peditem  gravis  attuKt  alvo. 
chorum  simulans,  evantes  orgia  circikm 
^X^tacebat  Phrygias :  flammam  media  ipsa  tonebat  618.    Ducebat  Phar- 

.;  la^entem,  et  summA  Danaos  ex  arce  vocabat.  fj*",  /««itna*,    evantetf 

'  Tum  mc  confectum  curis,  somnoque  gravatum  620  <^""*  ^K** 

bbdelix  habuit  thalamus,  pressitque  jacentem 
P^Btilcis  et  alta  quies,  placidaeque  simillima  morti. 
^Ssregia  interei  conjux  arma  omnia  tectis 
;  Eniovet,  et  fidum  capiti  subduxerat  ensem. 
'  Intia  tecta  vocat  Menelaum,  et  limina  pandit.  625 

'   Bcilicet  id  magnum  spcrans  fore  munus  amanti,  526.  Sperani  id  fort 

ji^Bt  fiunam  exstingui  veterum  sic  posse  malorum.  magnum  mimuB  amajiti« 

^•^llnid  moror  ?  irrumpunt  thalanio ;  comes  additur  unk      ®^  «maro 
«lortator  scelerum  iEolides.     D!,  talia  Gniiis 

lurate  ;  pio  si  pcenas  ore  reposco.  630 

te  qui  vivum  casus,  age,  fare  vicissim, 
>ttulerint :  pelagine  venis  erroribus  actus  ?  532,  Venif-ne  kue  ac- 

'    A^  monitu  Divfim  ?  an  quaj  te  fortuna  fetigat,  *"*■  oworiboii 

"t  tristes  sine  sole  domos,  ioca  turbida,  adires  ? 

Hic  vice  sermonum  roseis  Aurora  quadrigis  635 

^  NOTES. 

515.  CvmfaialiM^kc    See  iEn.  u.  234.  onder  hii  head.    What  befell  Helen  after 

^  MfueHS.  the  capture  6f  Troy  is  not  certain.     Some 

517.  Evantes:  ihouting  in  praise  of  Bac-  say  she  retumed  to  Sparta,  aiid  passed  her 

I.    The  word  is  of  Greek  derivation ;  days  with  Menelaus ;  and  was  buried  with 

ia  applied  to  the  bacchanals,  or  devotees  him  in  the  same  tomb.     Others  sn^^  after  hie 

god  Bacchua.    Evanltt  orgia:  txmort  death,  being  baniahed  from  Sparta,  she  fled 

.      .^  .  BOii,  eays  He^rne.  to  Rhodes,  where  she  died.    Homer  informi 

j^-  619.  Voeabat,     Helen  made  signals  from  as,  Odys.  iv.   277,  that  Helen  went  three 

walla  to  thc  Greeks,  that  all  thingrg  were  timee  round  the  wooden  horse,  calling  each 

I7  ibr   the   assault.      Her  leading  tho  of  the  Greeks  by  name.     To  this  the  poet 

ian  women  around  the  city,  ai  if  in  alludes,  517.  supra. 

of  Bacchus,  the  giver  of  joy,  on  ac-  526.  Amanti :  to  her  husband — yiz.  Me* 

of   the  departure  of  their  enemies,  nelaus.    Munitt:  favor — gift. 

^^^^  nere  pretcnce— mere  decepUon  to  cover  537.  Et  /amam :  and  that  the  mfamy  of 

|3|^^Mr  plans.  Jier  former  crimes  might  in  this  way  be  blot- 

^     *tl.  /n/e/u::   unhappy;   becauie  he  was  led  out.    Famam :  in  the  eense  of  «1  Aimtam. 

--  ki  it,  and  thereby  P^vented  from  join-  ^^^       ^^j^  .^  ^  reproachful  name 

l^  comrade.  m  arm»,  and  avenring  ^             ^             j^  inBinuates  that  he  wa. 

lallmg  country.     Pretstt,    His   Bleep    *  .  ..  t  r    -  »      !...♦    r  c: 1...    »1.^ 

'     «M  w  ..und,  tlial  it  «>«n.ed  to  pren  him    °°*  ^'  "",  °^  ^9"'"^  "»"*  °/  ®T  "?  '^* 

.1.^  iiL.  .  -!.•«  i».:.i.<  1.,! ,.»-_  ki».        »on  o'  ^oluB,  with  whom  his  motber  Aoti- 

■        SL '  P*  '  r«»»  TeVht,  lyjng  upon  hmi        ^      .    ^^      ^       ^  ^^^ 

523.  Egregta  conjux :  precious  wife.  Thia 

-  fe  apoken  ironicaUy.    The  meaning  is,  orft-        530.  Inttaurate:  m  the  eenae  of  reddiie. 

^    mm»    abominable.  532.  Erroribut:  dangen.    Davidaonren- 

624.   Subduxerat :    and   had   withdrawn  ders  it  eattuiltiet» 

^mf  fiuthful  sword  from  my  head.    It  wae  a  533.  ^wefortuna:  what  radverae)  fortane 

-  cnstoro  among    the  warrion  to  lay  their  forces  or  impels  you,  that,  sc. 

^.  sirorde  under  their  headn  when  they  slept.  534.  Turbida:  in  the  eenae  ofobieunki  vaJ 

5ft5.  Foeat  Menelaum :  ihe  called  Mene-  tenebrota, 

iMU  into  the  houee,  &c.    After  the  death  of  535.  H&e  viee  termomm :  during  the  eouiie 

Fwia,  Helen  married  Deiphobus,  hia  brother.  (or  change)  of  conversation,  the  ■un  in  hia 

.  6l  ia  aaid  ahe  endeavored  to  be  reconciled  to  rosy  chariot  had  now  passed,  ito,    Bj  wlii- 

fint  hutband,  by  aiding  the   Grecian  rora^  here,  we  are  nndoubtedly  to  under- 

Here  the  callt  to  him,  and  opent  the  atand  the  ■on.    Huadrigu :  properly,  a  eha- 

That  Deiphobue  might  fall  an  easj  riot  drawn  by  four  horsee.    Rnvus  thinki 

\  ahe  had  previously  removed  aU  the  the  middle  of  the  day  ia  here  meaiil  b/ 

ftom  the  house,  and  his  sword  from  utedium  mgem;  and  not  the  loiddle  of  tat 


«re  P-  YIROILII  MARONIS 

Jam  medium  aethereo  cursu  trajecerat  azf 

637.  Per  talia  eoUo-  £t  fors  omne  datum  traherent  per  talia  te 

V**^  Sed  comes  admonuit,  breviterque  adata  8 

Nox  ruit,  iEnea  :  nos  flendo  ducimus  hoi 

Hic  locus  est,  partes  ubi  se  via  findit  in  ai 

641.  I>axt«fa  eti  via^  Dextera,  quse  Ditis  magni  sub  mccnia  tem 

%um  tendjt  h^q  iter  Eiysium  nobis  :  at  lajva  malonii] 

iioSf^Jd^El^um*-*^  Exercet  poenas,  et  ad  impia  Tartara  mitti 

kiyasartexeroei     '       Deiphobus  contrk :  Ne  saevi,  magna  sacc 

Discedam  ;  expiebo  numerum,  reddarquc 
I  decus,  i,  nostrum :  melioribus  utere  rati 
Tantum  effatus,  et  in  verbp  vestigia  torsil 
Respicit  iEneas  subitd ;  et  sub  rupe  ri 
Moenia  lata  videt^  triplici  circumdata  mui 
Quae  rapidus  flammis  anibit  torrentibus  a 
Tartareus  Phlegethon,  torquetque  sonant 
M»:<.  £f/ porta  adTersa  Porta  adversa,  ingens^  solidoque  adamanl 
^^3.  Ut  milla  via  vi-  y-g  ^^  ^^y^^  vir(im,  non  ipsi  exscindere  fi 
.      '      .  Coclicoloe  valeant.     Stat  ferrea  turris  ad 

runt  exaudTi^limc  '^'^^'  Tisiphoneque  sedens,  pall4  succincta  cni 
558.  Tum  itridor  fer-  Vestibuhim  insomnis  servat  noctesque  dii 
ri,     tractfBque     catene  Hinc  exaudiri  gemitus,  et  sa^va  sonare 
et^eruni  exudiri  Verbera  :  tum  stridor  ferri,  tractsque  ci 

560.  O  vlrgo,  inquii,  Constitit  iEneas,  strepitumque  exterrituf 
offare,  quDB  faciee  vcele-  ^  ,  r    •        a     •  /s» 

mm  ttm/  lUie  ^^^  scelerum  facies,  o  virgo,  elmre,  qui 

Urgentur  poenis  ?  quis  tantus  plangor  ad 

NOTES. 

ni^ht,  tL8  Serviue,  and  most  interpreters  sup-  te  alloquertr :  I  will  dep 

pose.     Thc  tinie  appointcd  for  performinj^  number  of  tlio  multitude 

the  prcruntnary  ritcs,  and  visiting  the  infer-  I   might  convcr«e  with 

nal  re^iun8,  hure  callcd  lempus  datwn^  was  opinion  of  Hcync  and  L 

a  day  and  two  ni^hts,  as  we  learn  from  Plu-  ing  to  Plato^s  notion  of 

tarch''^  treatise  cunccrnine  the  genius  of  So-  souls  of  the  deceased  paj 

crates.     Now  ifi^ncas  had  passed  the  whole  ber  of  ycars  in  purificati 

of  tho  first  nlght  in  oftering  the  prescribed  sumcd  other  bodies ;   th 

■acrifices,  versc  265.     Hc   commenccd   his  dam^  impUturut  numeru 

devcent    the    next   morning   about   sunrise.  iionis^  qua  Jit  in  his  tene 

Medium  axem  must  thcrefore  mean  the  me-  to  fill  up  tlio  number  of 

ridian,  which  the  sun  had  passed,  and  was  fication,  which  is  done  ir 

hastening  to  the  western  horizon.     The  in-  Discedam  ;  modo^  *ine  ut 

tervening  time  iSneas  may  be  supposed  to  et  periodum  orationis  m* 

have    passed   in    going  through   so   many  will  depart ;  only  let  me 

apartmonts.      The   remaining   part  of  the  and  pcriod  of  the   disco 

day  and  following  night,  he  visils  his  fathcr,  begun.     Only  Ict  me  fini 

and  the  Elysian  fields  ;  and  returns  the  fol-  gun  to  say.     This  last  B 

lowing  moming  to  his  companions.  546.  /  decus^  t,  nostrun 

537.  Fors :  in  the  sense  o^  foriaste.  thou  glory  of  our  natio 

542.  Ldgva  txercei^  &c.     The  meaning  of  more  propitious.     The  r 

this  passage  is,  that  they  had  now  arrivcd  emphutical. 

at  the  place  where  the  way  separatcd  into  549.  Mcenia :  in  the  s 

two:  the  righl  led  to  the  city  of  Pluto,  and  551.  Phlegethon :  the 

the  lefl  ed  to  the  place  whero  the  impious  five  rivcrs  of  hell :  from 

are  punisbod.     Tendit :  in  the  sense  of  du-  nifying,  to  bum,  or  *o  be 

cit,     Mitlii^  alflo,  in  the  sense  of  dwii.  558.  Vcrbcra  :  scourgi 

545.    Diteedam;    explebo    numerum^  &c.  ferri :  a  grating,  or  din  < 

The  meaning  of  this  line  has  not  been  set-  559.  Haujii  strepitutn 

Ued  by  commontators.    There  are  tliroe  opi-  mull — confuscd  noisc. 

iiions  wbich  seem  to  prevail.     1.  Diteedam  560.  Faciet :  forms — I 

c/  impUbo  numerum  twrbft^  tx  ^ua  ducetti  mA  ^61.  Ifrs^eniur :  in  thi 


iENElS.    IJB   VI.  877 

vatea  sic  oraa  loqiu :  Dux  inclvle  TeucHiin, 

«  casto  aceleratum  inaistere  limcn  :  563.  Fac  eil  nnUi  eastu 

B  cum  lucis  Hecate  prasfecit  Avernis,  mswtere 

Hm  pocnas  docuit,  perque  omnia  duxit.  665 

18  haec  Rhadamanthus  habet  durissima  regna, 

tque,  auditque  dolos :  subigitque  fateri,  ^*^*    Subipiqna   «t 

lis  apud  superos,  furto  lajtatus  inani,  ^*!*"  ^J"**  P'?<^"'*  ^ 

'  ■  .  .        ,  mima      apud     siimkm. 

Hi  seram  commissa  piacula  mortem.  ^^^^  cli«iulii 

i6  sontes  ultrix  accincta  flagello  670 

me  quatit  insuhans  ;  torvosque  sinistrA  571.  TiKiphone  ultni. 

r:s  angucs,  vocat  agmina  sajva  sororum.  accinta   flajfello,  quaui 

demum  horrisono  stridentes  cardine  sacr«  T**"  *"""'?*"■  •   •">"^ 

.  ^       .  ^    j.  ,.  trauue  munu 

turportae.     Cerms,  custodia  quahs  ,^*74     ^W/a  iri^ii; 

lo  sedeat  ?  facies  qus  Hmina  servet  ?  675  cerniH-nr  qualin 

aginta  atris  immanis  hiatibus  hvdra  677.    Suvior  Hjdn, 

intus  habet  sedem.     Tum  Taritarus  ipse  iminanii.    quinqumginu 

2t  in  pTxce\ta  tantum,  tenditque  sub  unibras,  ^  "    **^*  "* 

s  ad  a;thereum  coiW  susf^ectus  Olympum.  579.  QuanUu  §gi 

ms  antiquum  Terr»,  Titaniu  pubes,  680 

3  dejecti,  fundo  volvuntur  in  iino. 

AloTdas  geminos,  immania  vidi 

I  ;  qui  manibus  inagnum  rescindere  CGelum 

»,  siifierisque  Jovem  detrudere  regnis. 

cnideles  dantem  Salmonea  pa;nas,  685 

immas  Jovis  et  sonitiis  imitatur  Olympi. 

r  hic  invectus  equis,  et  lampada  quassans, 

NOTES. 

t^ror :  shricking — outcry.  The  verb  cruihe^  them  with  hia  thunder.    Their  ob- 

understood.  ject,  in  the  attenipt,  waa  lo  restore  their  tk* 

\pud  tupero* :  with  tho  living — in  ther  to  his  throne,  from  which  he  had  heen 

r  world.    Farto :  privacy-— conccal-  driven  bjr  Jupiter.     Folruntur :  in  the  senM 

nani :  vain  or  unproiitable,  because  of  prtmunlur. 

great  the  privacy  might  havo  beon,        582.  Atoldtu,  Theae  were  the  ^riant»  Olm 

1    crimee   were   cominiltcd  :    they  and  Ephialies^  the  sons  of  Neptunc  hy  Iphi» 

▼erthelefls,  all  known  to  the  gods.  media,  the  wife  of  Atohu.     Huiiirr  inakee 

ftyt,  rana  nmulalione.  them  nine  cubits  broad.  and  niiie  cIIm  high, 

'loou/a ;  in  the  ■ense  oferimina^  vel  in  the  uinth  year  of  their  age.     Odyn.  xi, 

304. 
\uaiU :  striket.     Verbtrat^  eays  Ru-        585.  Salnumea :  a  Greek  acc.  of  Salmo» 

nous.    He  waa  the  sou  of  JSCo/us^  a  king  of 

iirra  af^ina  tororum.     Tho  furies  Elis.    He  made  a  bridge  of  brasiH  over  whieJi 

rkoncd   three    m    numbcr.     Their  he  drove  his  chariot,  boaating  that  hj  the 

.re  Tinvhone^  Alteto^  and  Mcgara.  raltling  of  hia  wheels,  and  the  prancing  of 

y  be  called  agmina^  bands  or  troops,  his  horaes,  he  imilated  the  thunder  of  Jov« ; 

int  of  their  complicated  rage;    or  who  waa  highly  honored  at  Elis.     At  the 

ly  be  unly  the  principal  onea,  and  laine  time,  to  counterfoit  hie  lightniiig,  he 

vwn  othen  nndjr  their  command.  hurled  flaming  torchea  at  liii  nubjectM,  and 

r :  shaking  or  ^'andishing.  ordercd   eveiy  one  to  be    put  to  d<*ath,  af 

(Kfv :  in  the  M«ise  of  uderatet.  whoin  he  tlirew  hii  turch.     Hc  u  ax  ntruck 

fiatibus:  moutha.  hy  the  thundorbolt  of  Jove,  for    hin  iinpi- 

utpeehu:  height — diitance.  •^the-  ciy    and  cruelty.     Ptrnat.     Pona    propcr* 

mptim :  the  cthereal  yault  of  liea-  ly   Kignifies  a  reconipenBe   or   sutiKluction. 

higheet  pinnacle— the  seat  of  the  Hence  the  phrane  dare  piruom  vcl  ptennt. 

lobepunished — Uiat  is,  to  make  rctril>iitif»n 

\ianiapube*:  the  giants,  the  loni  or  satiifaction. 

and  T^rra,      They  attempted  to        586.  FlammoM :  lightuing.   Sjftiiu» :  Uiuo 

▼en,  and  dethrone  Jupiter ;  but  he  der. 


tn  !*•  VlRGILIl  BfARONIS 

Per  Oraiiiin  populos,  medUeque  per  Efid 
Ibat  ovans,  Divihnque  aibi  poscebat  hoiH 
Demens !  qui  nimbos,  et  non  imitabile  fii 
iEre  et  comipedum  curau  simularet  eqtii 

692  nie  Jitpiter  non  At  pater  omnipotens  dcnsa  inter  nubila  i 
emumU fiww, neclomi-  Contorsit  (non  ille  faces,  nec  fiimea  taeidi 
Da  ^mea  i  tiediB,  tU  Lumina)  prsBcipitemque  immani  turbine 

Nec  non  et  Tityon,  Terrse  omniparentia 

696.  lAcihm  erat  oer-  Cemere  erat :  per  tota  novem  cui  jugei 
Tityon  Porrigitur ;  rostroque  immanis  vultur  oli 

Immortale  jecur  tundens,  fcecundaque  p 
Viscera,  rimaturque  epulis,  habitatque  m 
Pectore  :  nec  fibris  requies  datur  Qlla  re 
Quid  memorem  Lapitlms,  Ixiona,  Piritb 
Quos  super  atra  silex  jamjam  lapsura,  c 
Imminet  assiinilis.     Lucent  genialibus  a 

a04.    EpulflB    parata  Aurea  fulcra  toris,  epulaeque  ante  ora  p 
mni  «nte  eorum  ora,  ctiii»  Regifico  luxu  :    Furiamin  maxima  jux 

Accubat,  et  manibus  prohibet  contingei 
Exsurgitque  facem  attoUens,  atque  intoi 

608.  Hlc  tuni  Ull,  qui-  Hic,  quibus  invisi  fratres,  dum  vita  mani 
boe  fratree  erani  inTisi     Pulsatusve  parens,  et  fraus  innexa  clieni 

Aut  qui  divitiis  soli  incubu^re  repertis, 
Nec  partem  posuere  suis ;  qus  maxirni 
Quique  ob  adulterium  cesi ;  quique  am 

NOTES. 

688.   Urbem  meduB  Elidit,     For   mediam  His  punishroent  would 

urbem   Elidi* :  through  the  middle  of  the  tual. 
city  of  Elis.     Heyne  obscrves  that  soine  co-        601.  Lapithtu:  the 

pies  rcad  mediam^  which  is  the  easier.  ple  of  Thessaly  of  disw 

590.  J^^imbos :  storms — ^tempests.  ona,     Ixion^  the  son  of 

591.  Simularet.  This  is  the  reading  of  king.  Ho  was  adniitie 
Hcyne.  Most  copies  have  timuidrat,  tlio  plu.  Jupiter,  which  he  forfe 
perf.  of  the  ind.  intimacy  with  Juno.     . 

69«  Telum:  thunderbolt.  purpose,  subsUtutcd  a 

cnc    rrLM  rri-*  ^.  /.  t         <Icss  ;   aud  was  contcn 

S^    ^t.       i'  ^"  r^^'1f  °^  *?.■;? ""IT/     he    boa.led  of  having 

heAutherup.ntheearthforfea,ofJuno;  ,„,,  ^„d  ^\^„^a  m,^ 

where    T.l;,.»  «.mng  forth   m  a   g,ganfc  ^  „.^«0!,  hung  round 

form,  wa»  thought  to   be   the  son  of  Ihe  u^  „.„  doomcd  to  tui 

earth.     Virgil,  therefore,  eallR  him  alumnut,  ,„i„i„_       T>;~,k^;„ 

Sco:tliefo,Ur.,hmofaU.bearing,arth.    Ho  'S      Sef l^^r. 

and  vitals;  wh.ch  a,  they  wcro  dcvoured,      „^„  „^^  ^;„,d  ^^^1 

h^ZZZ^r^-   "•'"«•"»?r'«'<y'«"---     thc  ca.e  only  of  onel 
lu«  .minortal  Iivor;   because  it  ncvcr  waa     ,._,     ir^„„.  ;„„.„„  ,1 

^^^^"^:^^^^^^^  u7on  a^^^rnrThVi 

fiS?  X^:  in  thT  "*'  "P?"«^S  "P  '^«^-     tho  faith  and  protecti 
696.  Cut :  m  the  sense  of  eujut,  considered  «ac«!ed  amc 

598.  Tundent :  beating— tearingr.    This  is  that  of  a  child  to  the 

the  common   reading.     But  Heyne  reads  rent.     Among  the  law 

eondent.     Facunda  ptenit :  fertilo  in  punish-  it  is  said:  «if  any  pa 

ment     This  is  said,  because  u  loon  as  any  client,  let  him  be  accu 

part  wu  tom  away^&nd  consumed  by  the  611.  J^ecpartem:  n 

^ultun,  ite  plaoe  was  iinmediaXeV;^  iu.p^^iedL.  ^^tcxo  \iwwx  ^^yiru  Am 


JEN£1S.    lAB.  VI 


979 


620 


;  nee  Teiitj  doaunOruin  &nere  dextras ; 
B  poDnam  expectaut.     Ne  quaere  doceri  614 

poenam,  aut  quse  forma  viros  fortunave  merah. 
ingens  volvunt  alii,  radiisque  rotarum 
.   Districti  pendent.     Sedet,  sternumque  sedebit 

JliMix  Theseus :  Phlegjasque  miserrimus  omnes 
^^M^onet,  et  magn&  testatur  voce  per  umbras 
PBMbcite  justitiam  moniti,  et  non  temnere  Divos. 
'▼endidit  hic  auro  patriam,  dominumque  potentem 
'mpoBuit :  fixit  leges  pretio  atque  refixit. 
.Bic  thali^fniim  invasit  nats,  vetitosque  hymena;08. 
^^iiei  omnes  immane  nefas,  ausoque  potiti. 
Hmmi,  mihi  si  iinguse  (5entum  sint,  oraque  centum, 
vox,  onmes  scelerum  comprSndere  formas, 
oa  pcenarum  percurrere  nomina  possim. 
cc  ubi  dicta  dedit  Phcebi  longasva  sacerdos : 
jpad  jam  age,  carpe  viam,  et  susceptum  perfice  munus : 
^H^teeleremus,  ait.     Cjclopum  educta  caminis  630 

ytqBnia  conspicio,  atque  adverso  fornice  portas, 
ubi  nos  prsecepta  jubent  deponere  dona. 

NOTES. 


6  4.  Hi  <mme$  inolaii 
Alc  ejq;>ectant 

615.  Qaom  paiiaai 
penderU^  aat  quo  foni» 


626 


6S4.  Hi  omiiei  aul 
tuni  imuiane  nefta,  et 
potiti  iunt  auso 

626.  Non  poMim  oom« 
prtodere  omnee  formaa 


632.  Ubi  £H  Jubent  nos 


<Bl3.  FaUere  dtxtrat  dominorum :  to  vio-  This  is  the  great  moral  of  all  thoee  infemal 

'  i  the  faith  of  their  maaters — pled^cd  to  puniihments,thattheexainpleofthemmight 

■vmaBtera.    Dextra:  in  the  sense  of/M/M.  dcter  from   vice,  and  stimulate  to  viitae. 

^15.  Forma—fortuna.    Byfarma^  Servius  Moniti  meo  exemplo^  says  Heyne. 

imtande  the/orm  or  rule  of  jusUce:  and  622.  Ftxit  Uges:  he  mado  and  nnmado 

Jenuna^  Dr.  Trapp  underatands  the  len-  law.  for  a  price.     Thi»  ie  «aid  in  reference 

-  ofthejudge.    What  puniihment  they  t^    the    Roman  cuetom  of  engraving  their 

rgo,  or  in  what  form  or  state  of  misery  1^^»  upon  Ubles  of  brasH,  and  Jixing  them 

are  overwheUned  or  mvolved.    Thie  ^p  in  public  place»,  to  Uie  view  of  the  peo- 

plainly  the  meaning  of  the   passago.^  plg.  ^^  when  thoee  lawa  wero  abrogated 

^-fW  laye,  quaforma  ptma,  quod-ve  mue-  or  repealed,  ihey  were  said  to  be  r^f^  to 

genut  meriity  vel  manetvirot,  be  unfixed,  or  taken  down.    Hymtnaot :  in 

•16.  Ingent  taxum.    Thie  refera  to  the  the  sense  of  nuptiat, 

^  't^i^''»'  ^^''  ^''  ?L^2\" Vir'*^'';  624.  PotUi  auto :  accomolUhed  their  bold 

robber.     He  wainjentenced  to  hell,  and  „„dertaking.     Dr.  Trapp  think»  a«,o  may 

Ued  to  roll  a  snreat  stone  to  the  top    .  j  r       •        •  « u  u        ^i.  ' 

•  hiU:  which,  befSe  he  reu^hed  the  top.  ^  ""f  *»'  P^  «^  *'«'^  "7 ,^V"  '^"' 

■med  to  Ihe  bottom  ag»in.    Thu.  hU  reward.  by  w.y  of  »rc«m     But  Ihe  «n« 

bwsame  perpetual.    hutricli  radiit:  commonly  «ven  i.  e«uer,  and  contou..  thi. 

V^o..        iL„    r  _il_.i    .1  .1.  moral,th«thoweTer  auccenfal  men  ue  in 

.if^j     JfK       "'^ J^"^'*'  **oL^?-  wickodne»,  they  are  not  tke  le«  odiou. 

•Uude.totheca.eor/>»»>.    See  601,  to  God,  and  will  hereafter  receire  their  dne 

reward. 

629.  Pei^e  tiueeptvm  tnunut :  finish  tiw 
undertaken  ofienng.      This   refera  to  the 

by  Herculem  after  he  had  been  bound  f  ^***'"  ?^^if'''  ^»^*^  r^^  JT^  ^ 

ito,  and  retunied  to  the  intercourae  of  ^«P^«'^  *"  ^»>«  ^^^  °^  Proeerpme. 

See  122,  lupra.  ^30.   Cyelopum.    The  Cyclope  were  the 

61&  PhUgyat,    He  wai  the  father  of /«-  ^  inhabitanto  of  Sicily.    To  them  ii  at- 

aad  king  of  the  Lapiifim.    His  daugh-  tributed  the  invention  of  forgmg  iron,  and 

f2iwm,  being  raviehed  by  ApoUo,  in  re-  o^*  fortifying  citiee.    The  expreesion  hero 

,  for  the  injury,  he  bumt  his  temple ;  denotoe  that  these  waUs  were  made  of  iron, 

which  he  waa  thruit  down  to  Tartarua.  *nd  etronely  fortifled.     EdueUt :  drawn  out, 

la  lepreeented  ai  calling  aloud  to  the  or  wrought  in  the  forgee  of  the  Cyelopa. 

I,  and  admonishing  all  to  take  waminjr  See  Geor.  i.  471. 

1«  not  to  despiee  tke  gods,  nor  oomnut  631.   Ponat  fomtee  ndverto :  thm  gatoi^ 

of  impiety.  with  their  arch  directly  oppodte  to  as,  or  in 

mMOi  Mimiii  diteiie  juttiium :  ye  being  honl  of  us. 

'  by  my  ezample,  leam  Justiee.  632.  Hetepnteepladona:  thesa  comsaaas&iSr 


,   J17.  JEtemvM  tedebii.    This  may  be  ex- 
Mafaied  by  referring  it  to  the  shade  or  ghost 
^Theseas  afler  death:  for  he  was  set  at 


>in, 


aao  P   VIRGILfl    MARONIS 

Dixerat :  et  pariter  gressi  per  opaca  nmi 
Corripiunt  spatium  mediuin,  foHbusque  ] 
Uccupat  iEneas  aditum,  corpusque  recei 
Spargit  aqui,  ramumque  adverso  in  iimi 
His  demum  exactis,  ])crfecto  munere  ] 
Devendre  locos  laetos,  et  amoena  vireta 
Fortunatorum  nemorum.  sedesque  beata 
Largior  hic  campos  aether,  et  lumine  ves 
641   Fneolm  nAnint      Purpureo  :  solemque  suam,  sua  sidera  o 

Pars  in  gramineis  exercent  membra  pala 
Contendunt  kido,  et  fulv&  luctantur  aren 
Pars  pedibus  plaudunt  choreas,  et  carmi 
Necnon  Threlcius  longA  cum  veste  sace 
Obloquitur  numeris  septem  discrimina  v 
Jamque  eadem  digitis,  jam  pectine  pulst 
«48.  H)c  eti  antiqniini  Hic  genus  antiquum  Teucri,  pulchen 
1^*^  Magnanimi  heroes,  nati  melioribus  anni 

Ilusque,  Assaracusque,  et  Troj»  Darda 

Arma  procul,  curnisque  viriim  miratur 

Stant  terrA  defix»  hasts^ipassimque  soli 

Per  campos  pascuntur  equi.     Quse  gra' 

Armorumque  fuit  vivis  ;  qufls  cura  nitei 

665.  Eadem  eura  le-  Pascere  equos;  eadem  se^iuitur  tellure 

^uitnr  eot  repostoi  te;*  Conspicit  ecce  alios  dextr&  Ixv&que  pei 

""*•  Vescentes,  laBtumque  choro  pasana  canc 

NOTES. 

0d  fpfiB.    This  refcTi  to  the  golden  bough,  (the  seven  difiercnt  no 

which  was  Bacred  to  Proserpine,  and  which  pheus  is  here  reprcsenf 

iEneae  was  directed  to  dcliver  to  hcr.     Ru-  ruhc,  that  being  ancient 

eus  says,  munera  decerpia  ex  arbore.  priest  and  inusician;  in 

633.  Opaca  viarum :    the  dark  places  of  itf  hcro  repreticntied. 
the  way,  or  simply,  the  dark  way.     Spatta  646.  Seplem^  k,c.     A 
vel  loea  may  be  undcrstood.  the  harp  or  lyre,   whi 

634.  Spatium:  ground — way.  scvcn  cliords  or  string 
626,  Spargil  eorpus:  he  sprinklos  his  body     wards  added  to  make 

with  frosii    water;   eithcr  becauso   he   was  honor  of  the  muses.     1 

polluted  by  thc  sight  of  Tartarus,  or  becauso  or  plcctrum^  was  a  kind 

bepresentcdanofieringtoProserpine.  Spar-  thc  musician  struck  th* 

^  aqudy  &c.    In  the  entranceof  the  heathen  or  lyrc  with,  callod  a  q 

iemplos,  aqua  lustralis^  or  holy  watcr,  was  647.  Eadem,     Mark.' 

placed,  to  sprinkle  tlie  devout  on  their  on-  should  bc  changcd  to 

trance.    Thb  custom  of  sprinkling  with  holy  ciiords  of  the  lyre.     Tl 

water  in  tho  Roman  church,  La  Cerda  ad-  fers  to  ducrimina,     Tl 

miis  was  borrowed  fiom  this  practice  of  tho  ho  at  one  time  striket 

heathen.  anothcr,  &c. 

637.  Diva:  Proserpine.  Perfecio:  finish-  6')0.  llusque,  Fortl 
ed — presented  to  her.  see  Geor.  iii.  35. 

638.  Devenere :  they  came  to.  653.  Gratia  :   in  thc 

639.  Fortunatorum :  in  tlie  sense  of /e/i-  vis :  iis  is  understood 
cium.    Amana  viridilate  herbarum  arborum-  iUt  rixcrunt. 

que^  says  Ruoeus.  657.  Parann,     Picai] 

64<).   yestit :  in  the  senso  of  circumdat,  or  song  of  praisc.     It 

641.  Purpureo:  clcar — rcsplendcnl.  in  Iionor  of  Mars,  esp 

642.  Palaslris:  in  the  sensc  of /oci^.  Pa-  It  was  sung  in  honor  c 
ItBtira^  both  tiic  place  of  exercisc,  and  tho  tory ;  and  it  was  some 
•Xercise  itself.  of  all  tlie  gods.     It  is  i 

644,  Pirunt :  in  thc  sense  of  canunt,  word,  sijrnifying  to  woi 

645.  Threicius  sacerdos  :    tho   Thracian     first  sung  in  honor  of  . 
pO0t  wublfiB  f hc  M  Ton  diBUnctioiiB  of  louTid    Iho  Pyt/ion,     Inter :  ■ 


iENElS.    LIB    VI 


881 


oJoratnni  lauri  nemus  :  unde  supem^ 

nus  Eridani  per  sylvam  volvitur  amnis. 

:  nianus,  ob  patriam  pugnando  vulnera  passi :    600     600.  Ilk  eU  mannt 

\v  «lacerdotcs  casti,  djm  vita  manebat :  eortim,   qui  piusi    ntni 

le  im  vates,  et  Phaibo  digna  locuti :  '^l"!"  P"?»*"»!" 

'      .       •     •.  1    f  ^      .  661.    Quinue  (Vjftrant 

[i\s  aut  qui  vitam  excoluere  per  artcs  :  ^^  * 

lesui  niomores  alios  fecere  merendo  •'  662.  Afcronr pii  rttiM, 

jus  \n>  nived  cinguntur  tempora  vitti.  6f>5  et  locuti 

circunifusos  sic  est  affata  Sibvlla. 
liin  ante  omnes :  medium  nam  plurima  turba 
habct^  at(|ue  humeris  exstantem  suspicit  altis : 
s  feiices  anims,  tuque,  optime  vates ; 
:v\r\o  Anchisen,  (|uis  habet  locus?  illius  ergo     670 
iiis.  et  ma^nos  Ercbi  tranavimus  amnes. 

huic  rcsponsum  paucis  ita  re<ididit  heros :  JJ**  '^^*'"  ^orbis 

certa  doinus  :  lucis  habitamus  opacis,  nolli^^.'^      ""** 

iimi^ue  toros,  et  ))ratairccentia  rivis  577^    l^ulit    mMum 

iiiii.H  :  sed  vos,  si  fcrt  ita  cordc  voluntas,  675  ante  eot 

u{»erate  jugum,  et  facili  jam  tramite  sistam.  679.    Pater  AnchiteB 

et  aiite  tulit  pressum,  campos(iuc  nitentes  luitrabat    animas  peni- 

A     1   .      1  1  •  •       1*  A  tus   inclusaa   in  virenti 

er  ostcntat :  dehmc  siimma  cacumma  hnquunt.        convalle     ituraaque  ad 

jKilcr  .Anchises  penitus  convalle  vircnti  superuin  lumen,  rccoleue 

is  animas,  supcruinquc  ad  lumen  ituras,  680  eat  atudio 

NOTES. 

Cnde  vtprmi,     Intcrprctors  are  not  665.  Hit  omnifnu:  tlie  dat  m  the  Moae 

«•1  to  the  mcanin^  of  thifl  paMago.  of  the  gen.  horum  omntum. 

tiiake  it  to  bo  tliis  :  unde  mai(na  part  666.  Circumfuao» :  in  the  ■enae  of  tirtUM' 

I  i  tuprrit  pntcipittU  ad  inferut.  Tliie  ttaniet, 

Ulion  18  foundcd  on  whal  we  arelold  557.  Mutmm.     Muhbus  waa  the  diiicipk 

:y\  ihal  thc  Po,  »oon  after  its  riHc,  of  OrpheuH.     He  waa  an  Athenian  bjbiHh, 

mider  ijround  aiid  flowe  out  again  in  and  flourighod  under  Cecropt  the  tecond,  a 

jf  PicdmonL     Othere  :  wide  maf^nut  considerable  time  before  the  deatruction  of 

tu  Jluil  ad  tuperioret  intolat  terra.  Troy.     He  was  an  heroic  poet.    There  are 

einj«tubctheopinionof  RuiDuii.  Thi«  ^aid  to  be  some  fragmenU  of  vorwjs  which 

.  to  be  fouiidcd  upon  tho  gcncni!  re-  j^o  undcr  his  naine,  but  probably  they  are 

»pinion  that  the  groat  sourco  of  ri vers  tho  production  of  a  lator  poot.     Some  have 

ir  b..dy  of  tho  carth.     Mr.  DavidHon  conBured  Virgil   fof  proforring  Muivua  to 

from  bolh  of  these  intcrpretations.  Hoiner  as  a  poeU     But  it  is  to  be  reiueni. 

cs*  tiiprrne  \n  iu  comnion  accipla-  bercd  that  Homer  did  iiot  live  till  iome  tim* 

■iiolinj  froiii  an  eininenrc  or  rining  after  thia  de«:ent  of  iElneaa,  and  therefbiv 

.     L  nde :  whciice  (that  is,  froin  the  lo  have  menUoned  him,  would  have  l«Mn 

I  firlds.)  froin  an  eminence,  or  ritting  wholly  out  of  place. 

,  the  irrcat  river  Eridanus  rolU  or        oi-a    e»    -     *  •  •        u        *i.       -.  w 

•ri-    •    .u^-    :    «-   j         .      .      1        668.  Exftantem:  nsing  aboro  tnc  reet  Iit 
This  18  the  easicat  and  inost  natural     1.    .       .       .  1  a      1.     ij  c       •  •<     / 

his  hoad  and  loity  shoulders.     Sutpmt :  in 

Vk   -  ■•  ..  «  zr  t       : ic  .     the  sense  of  admiratur.     Eneas  is  under* 

f^Hiqne  pti  ratet.      Vatet  r<gninos      .      . 

.  poct  or  a  prophet.     PocU  woio  ori-  ^-^    «        •!! •     .  ^^  ^^^,.^*  ^e  u:-.  «. 

•i-.i~--.i^«       •.     x.  670.  JE.nFo  ttltut :  on  account  of  him  we 

tlic  only  persons  who  taugnt  a  know-  ,                        t»       •    u        .  _^  :    «u 

c  tu   A-  •          •  ^  ^  AA    \      j  .1  nave  come.    ErRo  is  here  used  m  tJie  wmam 

i  the  divine  nature,  and  dcclarcd  tlie  r         ^ 

!  doctriiies  of  rcligion.     Lorutidigna         J^Sl"en.        •  «    »..-.«       a.^^ 

Krlrine.  of  rel.^on  and  n,or.Iity  n,  "P"'  /^?''"  "~'  ~'^"'*  "'  S?"*?* 

.rthy  of  the  inJTpirution  of  that  6od.  •~''"'"  T^.  "•  •^""*  ~  ""'"'    i^T^ 

K«4fu/re  .•  improved  humu.  lifo.  ^,'?»"*'  "«^  •««"•  "y  ^"r"-  Fnt :  in. 

Ouiquf  ftein  aliot :  uid  thoM  who  "^""2!  ^"^'           ..  .v           ^    ,     „ 

&  othen  mindful  of  th.m  by  their  <"«•  •^'^ '  "»  *•  •"*•  "^  "^ 

Thew  ineladed  .n  p«triot.  uid  pub-  «78.  Anti  hitit  grtuum;   he  (Mumhu) 

tod  Dien— «11  wl  o  had  di.Unguidied  "•"•»  before  them ;  a  phraM. 

vw  in  the  afta  and  ■cienee.,  and  all  680,  Suptnm  teaMn :  tba  «^^  ^«A4— 

ofmantind.  the  ngiona  of  li^U    HwoVaMtiaiMhw  ^ 


KS  P.  VIRGILll  MARONIS 

Lustrabat  studio  recolens :  omiieiiiqiie  soo 
Forte  recensebat  numerum,  charosque  ne| 
Fataque,  fortunasque  virQm,  moresque,  m; 
684.  ViJit  ^nean  ten-  Isque  ubi  tendentem  adversiun  per  graniin 
dmilcNii  eursum  adver-  ^nean  ;  alacris  |>ahnas  utrasque  tetendit, 
^m.  LMCInoeffuttB  Kff»«ieque  genis  fachryma;,  et  vox  excidit 
jnn/  genis  Venisti  tandein,  tuaque  spectata  parenti 

688.    Tuaque   pietu  Vicit  itcr  durum  pietas !  datur  ora  tueri, 
■pectata    tnUU    porenti  Nate,  tua ;  et  notas  audire  et  reddere  voc 
Tiat  durum  gj^  equidem  ducebam  animo  rebarque  fut 

Tempora  dinumerans  :  nec  me  mea  cura 
69t.  Per  quaa  terraa,  Quas  ego  te  terras,  et  quanta  per  a^uora 

•t  per  quanu   equora  Accipio !  quantis  iactatum,  nate,  periclia 
aocipio  te  etfe  vectum!     r\  xJL       *  •  -j  t -l       *'l* 

"^  Quam  metui,  ne  quid  Libyae  tibi  regna  no 

lile  autem  :  Tua  me,  genitor,  tua  tnstis  ij 

Ssepiils  occurrens,  hcc  iimina  tendere  ad( 

Stant  sale  Tyrrlieno  classes.     Da  junger 

Da  genitor :  teque  amplexu  ne  subtrahe  i 

Sic  memorans,  largo  fletu  simul  ora  rigal 

^  700.  CoUoiM/rif         Tcr  conatus  ibi  collo  dare  brachia  circiin 

Ter  ihistra  comprcnsa  manus  effiigit  imaj 

Par  levibus  ventis^  volucrique  simillima  m 

Intere^  videt  Jilneas  in  valle  reducti 

Seclusum  nemus^  et  virgulta  sonantia  syb 

Lethaeumque^  domos  placidas  qui  pnenat 

Hunc  circum  innumcne  gentes  populiquc 

Ac  veluti  in  pratis,  ubi  apes  Oistate  serere 

Floribus  insidunt  variis,  et  candida  circui 

Lilia  funduntur  :  strepit  omnis  murmure 

Hoirescit  visu  subito^  causasque  requint 

Inscius  ^f^neas :  qnx'  sint  ea  flumina  por 

Quive  viri  taiito  cornplonnt  agmine  ri|)«is 

Tum  pater  Anchises  :  Animse,  quibus  al 

NOTES. 

tho  ductrino  of  trandmijrration,  maint&incd  TWran  tea,    Sale :  in  th< 

by  Pythaf^oraa  and  hts  followcrs.  meton. 

683.  .Haniu:  achiovenienta — noble  decdg.  699.  Largojitiu:  m  t 

Tkndmtrm:  in  tho  sonse  of  venientem  ad  se,  lachri/nus. 

687.    Spectata.      This  is  the  readin^  of  7oi).  Cireumdare:  ihc* 

ilcyno,  and  is  easier  than  ^T;»er/aM,  whieh  is  tmisis  for  thc  sake  of  tl 

tbe  cuniiiion  rcndiiigf.     Rukus  secins  to  ap-  stiin,  Szc, 

prove    of   it,    althoujrh  hc   haa    ejrpectaia.  "^O-X.  Seelusum:  inthei 

t/or/iMimi  hi^unt  sprrtata^  id   est^  cof^tiia^  J' irgulta  sonantia  sylvis. 

persperta^  pnttnila^  says  he.  wordR  in  the  scnsc  of  rtr 

6HK.  Datnr:  in  tho  aenM  of  permittitur.  nantia;    and  this  ag^in 

JTtAi  IM  undiTKtood.  Sortant ta :  soMndmg — nis 

6iH).  Nif  etfutdem  dwebam :  indced  I  was  705.  Pnmatat :  in   th' 

conchidin};   in    niy    inind,  and   tliinkinjB:   it  ^ffuit. 

would  ho  sn;  c<>in}>uting  and  reckoning  thc  709.  Funditntur:  in  tl 

tiiiiv  for  you  to  urrivo.     The  ghost  of  An-  713.  ^-inima  quibus :  tJ 

chiM.*fl  hnd  dirocti^d  <f]ncas  to  ropair  to  tlic  othcr    hodies  are  destin 

rogiuns  hi*h)w.     Soi*  !ib.  v.  731.  ito.     There  werc  somo 

693.  •'/rri/'i(i :  in  the  scnse  of  audio.  frotn  tr^insimigration.    Su 

697.  Ti/rrheno  fale.      That  part    of  the  t\>r  thiMf  cxalted  virtuc, 

Mcditemincan  lyinjj  to  the  south  of  Italy,  inlo  thc  socicty  of  the  | 

and  having  Sicily  on  the  east  and  Sardinia  nuinbcr  was  Anchises. 

anii  Corsioa  on  Uie  westi  was  caUed  tho  converses  with  oniler  the 


iENFJS.    LIB.  YI  888 

ra  aebenliir,  Lethei  ad  fluminis  undam 

is  latices  et  longa  oblivia  potant.  715 

|uidem  mcmorare  tibi,  atque  ostendere  corto,  716.  Equidem  jampn- 

idom  hanc  prolem  cupio  enumerare  meonim  :  ^*"*  c«P»o  memoraro  tj- 

lagis  ItaliA  mecum  telere  repertA.  bi,  a^ue  ontondere  hia 

ir,  anne  aliquas  ad  ccelum  hmc  ire  putandum  est      nn  hanc  prolem  meo. 

les  animas  ?  iterumque  ad  tarda  reverti  720  rum ;  qub 

ra  ?  quoe  lucis  misens  tam  dira  cupido  ? 

eqiiitiem,  nec  te  suspensum,  nate,  tenebo ; 
it  Anchises,  atque  ordine  singula  pandit. 
icipio  coeium,  ac  terras,  caniposque  liquentes, 
teiiuiue  globum  Lunse,  Titaniaque  astra  725 

s  intus  aht ;  totamque  infusa  per  artus 
igitat  molem,  et  magno  se  corpore  miscet. 

oininum  pecudumque  genus,  vitieque  volantiim,  728.  Unde  ortiur  ge- 

i  marmoreo  fert  monstra  sub  aequore  pontus.  nus  hominvin 

est  oHis  vigor,  et  caJestis  origo  730     ''^-  jF^  nionetra,  qw 

bus  ;  quantikm  non  noxia  corpora  tardant,  ^^  "*  ® 

lique  hebetant  artus,  moribundaque  membra.  732.  Terrenique  artnt. 

netuunt  cupiuntque,  dolent  gaudentque :  neque  au-  moribundaque   membra 
iunt,  clauss  tenebris  et  carcere  caeco.  [ras  ~^  hebetant  ilhm  v^o- 

i  supremo  cum  lumine  vita  reliquit ;  735  "^33.  Hinc  ammm  mo- 

men  omne  malum  miseris,  nec  funditi^s  omnes        tuunt 
reiE  excedunt  pestes ;  penitQsque  necesse  est  ^33  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^ 

uiu  concreta  modis  molescere  miris.  ooncreta  ponitds  inolo»» 

jLerccntur  pcenis,  veterumque  maiorum  oeie  iit 

NOTES. 

waa  only  hia  image,  hia  Jdolum  or  an  adj.  from  T\iat%,  a  name  given  to  tHo  ■m^ 

riMi»  which  the  poeta  feigned  to  re-  of  Greek  origin.    Alao,  the  aon  of  Colos 

the  infemal  regions,  while  the  soul  and  Veirta,  and   the  father  of  the  TV/onc. 

iieaven  among  the  gods.     Latictt  «f-  These  wore  all  distinguinlied  astronomerti 

draughtfl  expelling  caro— producing  as  we  are  told  by  Diodorus  and  Pauaaniaa, 

ful  and  quict  mind.  espccially  Hyperion.     This  niight  load  tbe 

Calum :  this  meana  here  the  upper  poets  to  feign  them  transformed  into  the  bo- 

-the  rcgiona  of  light:  ad  auptrat  au-  dies  of  the  sun  and  stars  af\er  tlieir  death. 

vilam,  726.  ^gilat :  in  the  sensc  of  more/.    At* 

Sublimes:  in  the  sense  of  illutires.  iiu:  in  the  sense  of  omnes  pariet, 

in  Uie  sense  of  vt/c  728.  yolanium :  in  tho  sense  of  avium. 

Pnncipio  tpiriiut:  in  the  firat  place  730.  Ollit:  for  illit^  hy  anlithesu. 

.   withm  supports  tho   heaven,  Sic,  731.  JVbn  iardant :  do  not  clog  it. 

Dchises  czplains  to  £neas  the  systcm  733.    Hine  meiuuni,     The  passions  am 

Dniy  of  the  world,  on  the  principles  generallv  ranked  under  tlicse  four  heada : 

^thagorean^and  Platonic  philosophy.  fear  and  grief ;   joy  and  dcsire.    The  two 

ne  is  explained  in  otlier  words,  Geor.  first  have  for  their  object  present  or  future 

et  seq.     The  doctrine  here  inculca-  evil ;  the  two  last,  present  or  future  good 

Jiat  God  is  intimately  united  with  Aurat:  in  the  scnso  of  ealum, 

irt  of  the  universe,  and  that  his  spu-it  735.  q^in  et  eum :  but  whcn  life  hath  left 

tbe  whole,  the  heavcns,  tho  earth,  them,  even  in  the  last  glimraering  light,  ke 

latcs  and  gives  life  and  motion  to  738.  Diu  eonereia :  a  long  time  habituaL 

je.     And  from  this  active  principle  Ru®us  says,  eonglutinaia.    Mala  is  under- 

the  varioos  kinds  of  animals.    Li-  ■toodinthesense  ofjpM/«,asabove.    Inoie^- 

campot:  elegantly  put  for  the  sca,  ««•«.*  in  the  sense  of  adharetcere, 

rj  eiement.  739.  Ergo  exerceniur  panit,     These  pu- 

Tiiania  atira.     By  these  wc  are  to  nishnients  were  of  three  kindii,  according  to 

uid  the  suu  and  atars,  since  they  all  the  nature  of  the  stains  witli  which  tlie  sonl 

■bou»  by  their  own  ligfat     Tiianim:  was  inieeted.    Thoeex  whoatt  itaJOM  ot  y^' 


184  P.  VIKGILII  MARONId 

Supplicia  expendunt.  Alis  panduntur  ina 
Suspenss  ad  ventos :  aliis  sub  gurgite  vait* 
Infectum  eluitur  scclus,  aut  exuritur  igni. 
Quisque  suos  patimur  Manes.  Exinde  pe 
Mittimur  Elysium,  et  pauci  Ista  arva  tenei 
Donec  longa  dies,  perfecto  temporis  orbe, 
Concretam  exemit  iabem,  purumque  reliqi 
748.  Deuii  evoc»!  om-  ^tliereum  sensum,  atque  aurai  simplicis  i| 
nee  hu  animat  Has  onuies,  ubi  miile  rotam  volvdre  per  ai 

NOTES. 

lutions  were  the  fllighlest,  were  suspended  purgatione»,  pro  tua  cuju9{ 

and    expoMed   to   thv  windi ;    others  were  is  the  substance  of  his  reaai 
washed  away ;  otiiera  again,  whoee  pollu-         745.  Donee  lcnga  die*^  A 

tions  wore  ct'  t)ie  deepcst  dye,  were  burnt  in  noral  opinion  ofcominentat 

thc  firo.     The  eieiiiuntH,  air,  water,  and  fire,  is  here  inverted,  and  that 

are  of  a  purltyiiig  tiature,  and  have  bcen  immediately  follow   QutJO 

6ffuratively  uocd  ()y  ali  writera  aa  emblema  Manes;  and  that  exinden  S 

oi  inoral  puriiicatiou.  after  aurai  timplieit  ignenu 

740.  Exptndunl :  suffer — undergo.     Ina"  way  in  which  the  common 

fiet :  in  the  «ojuie  uf  levtt,  -  ca|i  be  rctained :   we  suff 

743.  (^uitque  patimur :  we  all  suffer  eyery  own  Manes,  till  length  of 

one  hiit  oHii  Marut.     Tiiis   pasBage  hath  of  time  being  completcd, 

very  iinich  porplexed  coininentatora.     It  ii  the  inherent  stain*,  and 

not  ccrtaiu  in  what  seune  we  are  to  take  sense  pure,  &c.  then,  ailer 

Mantt.     The  ghotttB,  or  Manes  of  the  dead,  exindt  mittimur^  &c.     Rua 

were  lupposed  to  haunt  aiid  dittturb  the  iiv-  the  sense  ofquando^  and  il 

ing,  froui  whoin  they  had  received  any  g^at  it  will  bear  in  the  present 

injury.     [leiicethe  word  wVanM  may  lignify  tion.      Exindt^  &c.:    the 

the  fieudH,  furios,  or  toriiieiiting  dcinons  of  when  leiigth  of  time,  &:c. 
the  iower  world.     According  to  Plato,  overy         746.  Labtm,    The  poet 

pcraoii  at  hiH  liirth  hatli  assigned  him  a  gt-  than  live  difierent  words  tc 

nium  ur  dtmon^  that  guards  him  tiirough  or  pollutions  of  sin :  malu 

life,  and  after  deutii  accompanies  hiin  to  tlie  vetfra  mala^  infectum  stclu, 

sliadcfi   beluvv,  and  becuines  a  iniiiister  of  crttam:  inherent — contrai 
purification.    By  J^Ianes  we  inay  understand         747.  Ifrntm  simplicis  tn 

these  Pialtfnic  dtmuns.     Some   undcrstand  are  to  undcrstand  the  sou 

by  jManfs  the  stiii^s  und  tierco  upbraidi^igs  supposed  thc  soul  to  be  f 

if  aguilty  conscience.     Tliese  cvery  ofTcnd-  Tiii.s  niay  have  led  the  p 

er   carries  al)oul    with    him,  and  by  these  phatically /A«^re,  or  flam 

means  becoines  his  own  tormentor.     Paii'  nas.    Simplicis:  siniple— 

mur  ./l/ayi^*  is  tlic  sarne  with />a/t//mr  *?////>/*-  conipounded.     Aurai:  fo 

cium  ptr  jManfs.     Thc  abovc  is  the  usual  tiiis  dcclension  soinetime 

ucceptution  of  the   words.     Iii  the  present  sing.  in  ai. 
instance  Heyiie  diifere  froin  the  current  of        748.  Ilas  omnts.     The 

intcrprctprs.     He  confesses  it  a  perplexed  afier  ihesc  antiiKE,  or  so 

and  intncate  passage,  aiid  conjectures  it  was  tiiousand  years  in  Elysi 

l*'tl  in  an  unfinished  state  by  the  poet.    That  theni  to  the  river  Lethe, 

part  of  the  doad  which  the  ancients  C9lled  copiuusly  of  its  water,  th* 

Manes  thcy  placed  in  .the  infernal  regions,  happiness  of  those  peacc 

while  tlio  amiiru  reinained  upon  cartii  and  prepared  and  willing  to  r 

the    soul    asccnded   to   heaven.     Ile   takes  and  to  visit  this  upper  w 

i^uisffue  xuos  patimurJ^Ianes^  in  the  scnse  of  of  the  tronsmigration  of 

yu»strum  umnium  Manes  paiiuntur :  vel,  t>/a  is  founded  in  truth,  was 

tuppUcia  paficnda  omnibus  Manibus.     Plis  amoiig  the  ancients.     T 

ordo  of  construction  is :  nos  Manes  patimur  ceptionsto  this  transmigi 

quisque  quxtad  suos,     According  to  Uio  no-  had  been  admitted  into 

tion  of  Plato  and  otliers,  all  must  undergo  gods,  such  as  deified  he 

puriru-alion  bcfore  they  could  be  admitted  ed.     Their  anima  or  sou 

to  Efj/xium^  to  the  tata  arva,     Now  as  the  while  their  Idolum,^  vel  t\ 

Manes  alone  dcsccnded  to  the  shadcs  below,  remained  in  Elysium,  to 

they  alune  couid  sutfcr:  Hitunt^qui  pur-  and   delighta.      So  we 

^aniur :  qui  patiuniur :  qut  tu6eufil  itlat  of  ADchises.      His  Idoh 


i£N£IS.     LIB.  Yl.  385 

fluviuin  Dcus  evccat  agrninc  inagno : 

niorc^f  supera  ut  convexa  revisaiit,  760      750.  Scilicetut  imin«- 

ipiant  in  corpora  velle  reverti.  mov^» pmttrUorum  nn- 

liiics  :  nalunique,  un&que  Sibyllain,  *^ 

ihit  in  uicdios,  turbamciue  sonantein  : 

:apit,  unde  omnes  longo  ordine  possit 

3re,  et  venienttiin  discere  vultus.  756 

Dardaniam  prolem  quas  deinde  sequatur  756.  Nunc  age,  e>pe- 

aneant  ItalA  de  gente  nepotes,  ^'*™  <*ictw,  quc  giori* 

as,  nostruinque  in  nomen  ituras,  f  ?";***  ■*^"*^"'  ^."^*" 

^'       ^  ^    ^    ^  r .     i       t  mam    prolein,    qui   no- 

:tis,  et  te  tua  fata  docebo.  poio,   nianeant    /«   de 

r&  juvenis  qiii  nititur  hastA,  760  It&la  gonte 
3  tenet  lucis  loca  ;  priinus  ad  auras  760.  llle  juTenia,  qni 

lo  cominixtus  sanguine  surget,  nititur 

num  nomcn,  tua  postuma  proles :  763.  Dirtut  Svlviuii. 

iga;vo  serum  Lavinia  conjux  764.  Quem  nennn  ron* 

regetn,  regumque  parentem  •  766  j"^    Lavinia   in  nyUin 
.ongA  nostrum  dominabitur  Alhk.  «^"^^  ^^»  '«"««^**  >- 

,  Procas,  Trojan®  gloria  gentis  ;  7^7^  nf^  proximu.  est 

Numitor;  et,  qui  te  nomine  reddet,  768.    Detndt  nmt  ut 

s  ;  pariter  pietate  vel  armis  Capys,  et  Numitor ;   et 

inquam  regnandam  acceperit  Albam.  770  Sylviu»  ^neaa,  qui 
:]uantas  ostentant,  aspice,  vires! 

ita  gerunt  civiJi  tempora  quercu  :  771  Hi  ts^Nmen/  No- 

ntum,  et  Gabios,  urbemque  Fidenam  ;  mentuin 

NOTES. 

8  anima  enjoyed  the  convene  the  son  of  Aacaniot.    In  order  to  make  tbo 

\otam  volvire :  in  the  aense  of  historian  and  the  poet  agree   aome  wonlii 

ipta.     It  18  a  metaphor  taJien  understand  by  longttvo^  m   the    following 

l  or  tuniing  of  a  wheel.  line,  advaneed  to  the  godt^  immortat^  relying 

Some  take  the    god    here  upon  Aschylus,  who  calla  the  godi  longtevi, 

Mercury.  But  Heyne  thinks  Postuma  prolet,     The  meaning  of  pottumm 

ed  indefinitely  for  any    dK-  here  will,  in  a  good  degree,  depend  upon  th«* 

I,  in  alh^sion  to  the  notions  senae  given  to  longeno»     If  it  bo  taken  aa 

1  the  poet  hcro  hath  in  hii  abovementioned,  to  denote  ope  ad.anced  to 

(  it  iv  better  to  suppose  tJiat  the  life  of  the  gods,  then  postuma  proles  will 

ftlled  by  ita  own  ipecial   da"  mean  posthumotu  ehild^  one  bom  after  the 

srs  of  Lethe,  to  prepare  for  a  death  of  the  father.     But  if  we  take  long^po 

This  makes  the  sense  easier,  in  ita  ordinary  acceptation,  to  denote  an  old 

t  accordance  with  the  prin-  man,  or  one  advanced  in  age,  then  postuma 

philosophy,  here  inculcated  must  be  taken  in  the  sense  of  pMtrema :  last 

— your  last  child,  whom  late  your  wife  ]ja- 

eonvexa :  in  the  sense  of  lu-  v">ia  brought  to  you  advanced  in  age. 

•  simply,  rttom.  "^65.  Educet :  m  the  sense  of  panet, 

.  .  :,.  «ko  ^«..^r  .#.>.«.. #^         '''67.  Proximut,    Not  the  one  who  shoukl 
n:  m  the  mmseof  ttrepentem.    ^^^  g^,^.^^  .^  ^^  ^^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^ 

m  theeenseofrMeniere^vel  Procas   was  the  thirteenth  king:    ^ut  tlie 

one  who  stood  next  to  him  m  Uie  Eiynan 

Dionyaius   Halicamassus  fields. 

t  Lavinia,  at  Ihe  death   of  772.  .^Z,  aui  gerunt:  but  who  bear  thoir 

ignant,  and  fur  fear  of  As-  temples  shaaed  with  the  civic  crown.    Thia 

o  the   woods  to  a  Tuscan  was  made  of  oak,  because  the  fruit  of  that 

5  she  was  delivered  of  a  son,  tree  supported  man  at  the  lirst.     ]lwascoii« 

at  circumstance,  she  called  ferred  upon  the  man  who  had  saved  the  life 

iscanius,  moved  with  com-  of  aRoman  citixen  in  battle.     ifuereu:  tlie 

l>er,  named  hiro  his  succes-  oak;  by  meton.  tbe  crown  made  of  it, 

om  of  ^lba  Langa,    From  773.   Ht  /fomeniwm:   theoe  ahall  «ound 

of  Alba  took  tlie  common  Nomentum,  ftc    Thb  waa  a  towu  of  tb» 

Livy,  however,  makee  liim  Sahinet,  aiUi^Mivpoii  tba  nMt  AlUo^  i2bwtiL 

:i6 


P.  VlRGILIl  MARONIS 

Ui  Collatinas  iinponent  montibus  arcei 
Pometios,  Castrumque  Inui,  Bolamque,  i 
Hasc  tum  nomma  erunt,  nunc  sunt  sine  n 
Quin  et  avo  comitem  sese  Mavortius  add 
Romulus,  Assaraci  quem  sanguinis  Ilia  e 
Educet.  Viden'  ut  geminae  stant  vertice 
£t  pater  ipse  suo  Superfiim  jam  signat  hi 
£n  hujus,  nate,  auspiciis  illa  inclyta  Rom 
Imperium  terris,  animos  squabit  Olympo 
Septemque  una  sibi  muro  circumdabit  ar 
Felix  prole  vir{^m :  qualis  Berecynthia  m 
Invehitur  curru  Phrygias  turrita  per  urbc 
Laeta  DeCkm  partu,  ceutura  complexa  ne| 
787-  Omne»  tenentefl  Qmnes  ccBlicolas,  omnes  supera  alla  teiu 

•npera  el  alta  loea  yIuc  geminas  huc  flecte  acies  :  hanc  asp' 

l^.  Hic  ett  Ceear,  et  Romanosque  tuos.     Hic  Csesar,  et  omni 

w""  Progenies,  magnum  cgbU  ventura  sub  ax< 

791.    Quem    wBpiu»  jjj^.  yjf^  i^\q  ^g^  jjijj  quem  promitti  ssepiC 

avdiapromittiUbi,fi«m/»e  ^ugustus  Caesar,  Divi  genus  ;  aurea  coi 

Saecula  qui  rursus  Latio,  regnata  per  ar 
Saturno  quondam  :  super  et  Garamantat 

NOTES. 

iwelve  milos  from  Rome,  on  the  east.  Oalni:  781.  AutpieiU:  condi 
a  town  about  ten  milea  from  Rome,  also  to-  73^.  Jlnimoi:  couragi 
ward  the  eant.    Fidena :  a  town  situaied  on        ,,o<>'  tt  v 

the  Tyber,  about  five  milea  norlh  of  Rome.  J^r  Unaqui  etrimmdi 

CouJi^ :  a  town  not  far  from  Fidena.  to  the  "^*"  «"™^**  for  it-elf . 
ea«t.     Pomelia,  or  Pomelii:  a  town  of  the         784.  Berecynlhxa  mal 

FoUei,  situato  to  the  north  of  the  Pomptina  f*»»*^  mother,crowned  vt 

paiijuits.     Caslrum  hiui:   a  maritime  town  m  hor  car,  &c.     Cybele 

of  Iho  Rutuh,     It  waB  dedicated  to  that  god  was  said  to  bo  the  mo 

whom  tho  Grceks  called  Pan,  but  the  Latins  go*^»-     Hence  lata  Dei 

called  Jnuus  or  Incubus.     BoU  vel  Bola ;  a  >"  »  race  or  progeny  of 

town  of  the  ^qui  near  Pranestc,  to  the  cast.  Btrecynlhia  is  addod  ti 

Cora:  a  town  of  Uie  Volsci  not  far  from  M « wni,  a  castle  of  PAry, 

Pometia,  to  the  north.     These  towns  wcre  &*"«»  ^^  ^^^^  ^  '"oy" 

not  all  in  Latium,  propcrly  so  called,  as  the  whcre  she  was  worship 

poet  would  insinuate.  They  were  built  afler  ^^  manncr.     Cybcle  is 

their  respective  people   were   incorporatcd  for  thc  Mrm;  forwhicr 

among  the  Romans,  and  their  lands  made  a  aented  as  wearing  a  tw 

part  of  the  Roman  state.  «^»'^'»  •  i"  *  race  of  he: 

774.  Jmponent :  in  the  sense  of  condent,         733    Gentem :  race— 
Collatinas  arces :  ihe  iown  OT  ciiy  Collatiee.  ,*q^    ^  n-tu 

777.  Comitem  avo.     Comes  here  is  an  as-  rp/.    ..  ^*"*^  Utvt:  in 

aiatant  or  helper.     Numitor,  the  aon  of  Pro-  1  ["^jg^^g  ^who^  from  tl 

cai,  was  driven  from  his  throne  by  his  bro-  n  a  r  i-   ^  r^     '     u-    ^ 

thor  JJmtUius.     Romulus  being  mfornied  of  ^^^  ^"'/^  ?7ycli 

this,  collected  a  company  of  mon,  joincd  tho  *"!"^'*  ^^®  ^*"°  °V 

party  of  Numitor,  and  restored  him  to  his  ^";*:  «^J.^PPears  from 

throic.     Romulus  was  the  reputed  son  of  ^'  *"«  divme  descent  b 

J^ars  and    //,a,  Uie  daughter  of  Numitor,  D^^rdanus    the  founde, 

who  was  therefore  his  gr^dfather.     Mavor-  V!^  'l^P"^^  ^""  °*^  '^7' 

ttus :  an  adj.  from  Mavors,  a  name  of  Mars,  ^''f  "»•     Heyne  reads 

agroeinff  with  Romulus,  who  is  said  to  have  ^^^/  '  "i'^^.  »8^»"  «^»*^» 

b5«n  Uie  «on  of  that  god.  *^^   '",  ^^^""^'  ^«'"^ 

:79.   Educet :  in  the  sense  of  pariet.  ^®®  ^^^-  '^*  ^' 

780.    Pa/er   Superiim :    Jupiler,   who   is         793.  JJngnstua.     Th 

Ftyled  the  fathcr  of  the  gtds,  and  king  uf  Virgil    callcd   Uis   prii 

,ni8ii.    Sonio  uiidentand  MarSf  thu  father  of  title  wos  dccreed  to  hii 

KoiiiuiUit.  Y^^r  of  Rome  727. 


iENEJS.    LIB.  VI. 

st  imperium:  jdcct  extra  sidera  tellus,  105 

inni  solisque  vias,  ubi  coilirer  Atlas 
humero  torquet  stellis  a^dentibus  aptum. 
in  adventu  jam  nunc  et  Caspia  regna 
isis  horrent  Divdm  ,  et  Mieotica  tcllus, 
lemgemini  turbant  trcpida  ostia  Nili.  800 

tr6  Alcides  tantum  telluris  obivit ; 
leripedem  cervam  licet,  aut  Erymanthi 
L  nemora,  et  Lemam  tremefecerit  arcu. 

ui  pampineis  victor  juga  flectit  habenis  804.  Ncc  Liber  ofrtttt 

agens  celso  Nys»  de  vertice  tigres.  805  '«'^^^m  leUuru,  qui  tio. 

itamus  adhuc  virtutem  extendere  factis  ?  ^'-  Hill;  ^"'^  '^*"^"" 

5tus  Ausonm  prohibet  consistere  terra  ?  ono    a..  i      ^ 

,  ...       ^  ......  808.  Autem    nais  ni 

I  procul  ille  autem,  ramis  insignis  ohvaB»  iHe  procul.  inugnia  n- 

ferens  ?  nosco  crines  incanaque  menta  miii 

NOTES. 

Pr^erei  imperium  tuper :   he  shall  moveniur,    Tho  Nil«)  is  the  Iaj|rest  river  oi 

hia  empire  over,  &c.     The   Gara-  Afnca,  and  falls  into  the  Mediterranean  wtm. 

were  a  people  inhabiting  the  interior  by  seven  moatha.     It  annually  overflowa  ita 

*M.    Indot.  Suetoniua  informa  ua  that  banks,  and  occasions  the  fertilitj  of  Egypt. 

^  of  India,  properly  ao  called,  being  The  Egyptiana  worahipped  it  as  a  divinity. 
Lt  the  fame  of  Augrustus,  touffht  hit        801.  Akidei:  a  name  of  Hercules,  from 

ip.     But  it  ia  well  known  Uiat  he  Ale<tut^  hit  grandfather.     He  it  tometimec 

eztend  his  empire  over  them.    Mott  called  Amphitryoniades^  from  AmphUryon^ 

f  the  people  here  mentioned  under  the  hutbandof  J^/dn^ne,  of  whom  Jupiterbe- 

te  of  Indot  were  the  ^thiopiant,  or  gat  him.     He  travelled  over  many  parts  of 

ilion  of  Africa.     Betidet,  any  coun-  Uie   world,  porforming  featt  of  valor.     Ho 

g  in  a  hot  climate,  or  within  the  was  in  the  Argonautic  ezpedition.  lu  Cgypt 

waa  anciently  called  India^  and  its  he  tlew  Butirit;  in  Spain,  Oeryon;  in  Bi- 

nts  Indiy  aa  might  be  thown   by  cily,  Eryx ;  in  Thrace,  Diomede ;  in  Afnca 

it  teetimony.  he  deatroyed  the  gardons  of  tho  Hosperidea. 

Teliutjaeet :  their  land  lies,  &c.    5i-  The  poet  here  mentions  three  instances  of 

re,  does  not  mean  the  stan  and  con-  his  valor :  1.  His  piercini^  the  brazen-footed 

ns  in  general ;    but   the  particular  hind.     Pixeril  ttripedem^  &c.    This  hind  in- 

the  zodiac,  as  appeara  from  the  fol-  habited  the  mountain  Meenalut^  in  Arcadia. 

worda :  exira  viat  annui  tolit.    This  Servius,  in  order  to  roconcile  Virgil  with 

JoB  agreee  very  well  to  Africa,  which  mythology,  takes  Jixerii^  in   tlie  sense  of 

beyond  tho  tropic  of  Cancer  to  the  tiaiuerity  stopped,  out-run,took,  k,c,  bccaase» 

nd,  also,  beyond  the  tropic  of  Capri-  being  sacred  to  Diana^  it  would  havo  been 

the  south.  impiout  to  put  her  to  death.     Heyne  takea 

Axem :  by  synec.  for  eodum,  Jixerit  in  the  senso  of  eeperit,    2.  His  sub- 

Vntpia  regna,    By  this  we  are  to  un-  duing  the  groves  of  Eryroanthus :  paedrii 

i  the  kingdoms  bordering  npon  the  nemora ;  that  is,  subducd  the  wild  boar  that 

t  eea.    To  the  north  wem  .the  Sar-  infested  them.     He  took  hiip  alive,  and  car- 

I  vid  Scythians;   to  the  south,  the  ried  him  to  Eurystheus,  kmg  of  Myeenmm 

m;    to    the   west,  the  Arminiant.  3.  His  making  Lema  trcmble  with  hi»(  how: 

■  has  no  visible  outlet  or  communi-  Lemam  tremefecerii ;    that  is,  the  fenK  of 

rhh  any  othcr  waters.     It  is  said  to  Lema,  between  Argos  and  Mycerut^  whcro 

at  690  miles  long,  and  260  broad.  he  slew  the  Hydra  with  fifty  heads. 
'olga,  the  largest  river  in  Europe,        804.  Juga :  the  yoke,  by  moton.  for  tho 

into  it.    Maotiea  tellut.    By  this  we  carriage.    The  car  of  Bacchas  was  drawn 

UBderatand  the  northem  nations  of  by  Hgert. 

,  bordering  on  the  Palut  Mteotit^  or        805.  A^io.    There  were  several  mon*i- 

izofl^  on   the  north  of  the  Euzine,  tains  by  this  name,  all  sacrcd  to  Bacchii:^ 

;  flou    Horreni :  tromble  at  the  re-  Apent  tigret :  driving  the  tigera  froiii,  ftc 

of  tb«!gods.  Tigere  are  said  to  bo  transported  witli  iiiry 

nrgriis  Mfia  .*  the  astonished  mouths  at  the  sonnd  of  tabrets  and  drums;  wliicJ* 

nVMi-f<»ld  Nila  aro  troubled.    TVr-  perhaps,  is  the  reason  of  their  beln^  ^Ncn 

1«,  m  thio  pliiee«  the  rignification  of  to  Bacchna,  tht  god  of  €urf  mM  «fAk^avuX^A 

wTmy^  trqriimU*    Riunif  tayi^  «mi-  rage. 


P.  VlllGILII  MARONIS 

Regis  Romani ;  primiifl  qui  lc^buB  Qrben 

Fundabit,  Curibus  pai-vis  et  paupere  terri 

blS.  Cui  deinde  Tul-  Missus  in  inipenum  niagnum.     Cui  demd 

lui  Rubibit,  qui  rumpet  Qtia  (|ui  rumpet  patriee,  residesque  movel 

otU  patrio,  movebitque  TuIIus  in  arma  viros,  et  jam  desueta  triui 

Agmina.     Quem  juxtii  sequitur  jactantioi 
Nunc  quoque  jam  nimium  gaudens  popul 
817.  ViM-ne  vidore  et  Vis  et  Tarquinios  reges,  animamque  supe 
Tarquinios  Ultoris  Bruti,  fascesque  videre  receptos  ! 

Consulis  impcrium  hic  primus,  sievasque  i 

NOTES. 

810.  RowunU   regU.     Tho  person    here  to  himself,  he  sou|rht  maa 
moken  of  it  J{uma  PompUitu^  the  secoiid  death,  and  that  of  hia  (ka 
kmg  of  Rome.     He  was  a  Sabine  by  birth.  is  here  made  of  Servius 
Afler  the  death  of  Romulus,  a  dispute  arose  king  of  Rome. 
between  the  Romans  and  Sabines  upon  the        816.  Auris:  aura^  appl 
choice  of  his  successor.   They  finally  agreed        818.  Uliori»  Brutu     1 
that   the   Romaiis   should  cliooso,  but  the  the   proud,  the  seventh 
choice  must  fall  upon  a  Sabine.     It  accord-  Rome,  had  rendered  hia 
inglj.fell  upon  Numa.     He  proved  to  be  a  people.    His  son  5ex/iM« 
peaceful  monarch.     He  is,  therefore,  here  beautiful  Luereiia^  the  y 
represented  as  bearing  an  olive  branch,  the  offered  violence  to  her. 
baidge  of  peace.      He  reigned    forty-three  the  disgrace,  she  killed  1m 
▼ears,  and  died  at  the  age  of  eighty.     This  hand.      This  caused    a 
justifies  the  incana  menla;  his  white  chin  Brutus,  a  leading  mem' 
^-beard.      The  prep.  tn,  in    composition,  roused    that    body  to   i 
•ometimes  changes  tho  signification  of  the  against  the  tyrant,  and 
primitivo,  at  others,  increases  it.     This  last  to  banish  Tarquin  and  I 
is  the  case  here.      Hitherto  the  Romans  For  this  reason,  he  is  cal 
had  been  little  better  than  a  band  of  robbers,  ger.     The  government 
associated  together  for  the  purpose  of  ez-  regal^  to  eonsular;  and  ] 
tending  their  rapino  nioro  widely.     It  was  nus  were  chosen  the  fii 
Numa^s  first  care  to  establish  the  influcnce  officers  wcre  chosen  ann 
of  religion  over  the  minds  of  hia  Bubjects,  tos :  thesc  words  may  i 
and  to  enact  a  code  of  laws  for  their  civil  and  power  reeovercd^  ai 
govemment.     He  is   therefore   rcpresented  peoplo,  from  whom  they 
bearing  Hacrcd    utensils.      See  nom.   prop.  U6urpation  and  tyraiin} 
undcr  Jfuma.     Hcnce  it  is  said, /unrfaW/  ur^  giam  dignitatem^  et  imj. 
bem  legibus  :  he  shalt  found  the  city  by  laws.  rcgibus  in  consules.     Th 

811.  Curibus:  Cures  was  a  smali  city  of  of  Dr.  Trapp.  But  th 
the  Sabines.  Paupere  terra :  from  a  poor  It  is  bctter  to  understa 
or  humble  estate.  recovercd  and  restored 

814.  Tullus.     TuIIus  Hostilius,  the  third  whom  it  had  becn  take 
king  of  the  Romans.     He  was  a  descend-  of  this,  history  infonns 
antneitherof  Numa,  nor  Romulus.  The  go-  wcro  obliged  to  bow  th 
vemment  of  R^me  was  then  an  clcctivc  mo-  sembly  of  the  pcople, 
nnrchy,  thoiigh  great  defcrence  was  paid  to  ment  that  the  sovereig: 
the  will  of  the  last  king,  and  somctimes  it  Faseis :  properly,  a  bu 
vcrv  niuch  influenced  the  choico.     Tullus  togcther  with  an  axe  in 
broko  the  pcaco  with  the  Albans,and  abloody  before  the  consuls  and 
war  cnHucd.    Viros  resides  movebit  et  agmxna :  denote  that  tliey  had  tl 
he  shall  rousc  his  inactive  men  to  arms,  and  and  to  put  to  death — 
hifl  troops  long  unaccustomed  to  triumphs.  and  the  aze  (securis^  to 
Otia :  in  the  sense  of  pacem,  by  meton.  it  came  to  si; 

815.  Jlneus.  This  was  Ancus  Martius,  — the  ensigns  of  auth 
the  fourth  king  of  Rome.  He  courted  Ihe  also  power  and  autho 
lavor  of  the  people :  hence  it  is  said  of  him,  eurit  is  properly  an  azc 
foudens  popularibus  auru.  Nor  was  he  in-  an  instrument  of  ezeci 
ferior  lo  his  predecessor  in  the  arts  of  peace  the  law  against  ofiende 
and  war.  He  was  the  grandson  of  Numa  the  senienee  iiself.  Ani 
ky  h'u  daoghter.    Beiog  indif^-nant  that  Tul-  the  law  is  to  be  oondd 

luM  thould  poMWM  the  throm  Vn  \^t«£«i«ii«%    i\aK>  i«i  juxtiee  in  a  f 


iENEIS.    LIB.  Vl.  88M 

;  natosque  pater,  nova  bella  moventes,  820     ^O.  Infelu  pater  vo- 

im  pulchri  pro  libertate  vocabit  ^^^^  nalo»,  moyentM 

Utcunque  ferent  ea  facta  minores, 
rnor  patriffc,  laudumque  immensa  cupido 
cios,  Drusosque  procul,  ssevumque  securi 
^orquatum,  et  rcferentem  signa  Camillum.     B25 
m,  paribus  quas  fulgere  cernis  in  armis,  »26.  Autem  UUp  Am. 

es  aniroe  nunc,  et  dum  nocte  premuntur,  ^^^  quas  cerniB  fulger* 

lantum  inter  se  bellum,  si  lumina  vitae  j^  paribue  armis  concor 

t,  quantas  acies  stragemque  ciebunt !  m^UiTnocte,  iTeu !  ^^ 

18  socer  Alpinis,  atque  arce  Monoeci  830 

sns  ;  gener  adversis  instructus  Eois. 

i,  ne  tanta  animis  assuescite  bella : 

is  validas  in  viscera  vertite  vires. 

rior,  tu  parce,  genus  qui  ducis  Olympo 

ela  roanu,  sanguis  meus !  835     835.  Tu  qui  et  moua 

iphatA  CapitoUa  ad  alta  Corintho  aangiiii 

N0TE8. 

|rid,  ■tem,  or  impartial  justice—  them  unawaret,  and  cut  thcm  in  piecea.    He 

of  jnetioe.    Perhape  the  poet  here  wae  five  timet  dictator,  and  foui  timee  ho 

the  aentence  patted  upon  the  aone  triumphed. 

,for  being  among  the  number  of  828.  Heu!  quantum:  alas!  how  great  a 

fi  to  reatore  the  Tarquina,  which  war,  &c.    Here  ia  an  aJluaion  to  the  civil 

f  euforced  by  their  father.    They  war  between  Ca^aar  and  Pom|/  ly.     Pompey 

aded  with  the  axe.  married  Julia,  the  daughtcr  of  Cesar.    Tlie 

itoi.    The  two  aona  of  Brutua,  Ti-  troope '  that  composed  the  army  of  CmM 

beriua,  oonspired  with  other  noble  (tocer^,  the  father-in-law)  were  chiefly  Gaula 

Rome,  to  recall  Tarquin.     But  and  (>ermana  from  the  weat.     Hence  he  ia 

lovered,  their  father  commanded  aaid  to  come  from  the  Alpinc  hilU,  and  the 

»  put  to  death ;  and  atood  by,  and  tower  of  Morueeut.    Tliia  waa  a  town  and 

lentence  put  in  ezecution.     The  port  on  the  coaat  of  Liguria,  where  the  Alpa 

'eiix^  connected  with  pater^  is  very  begin  to  riae.     The  place  waa  well  fortified. 

^ell  as  expreaaive.     Some  copiea  The  troopa  of  Pompey  (^gener^  tlie  aon-in- 

feHx  with  uteunmLe  minoret.  How-  law,)  were  from  the  eaatem  part  of  tlie  em* 

rity  ahall  regrard  that  action,  love  piret  advertit  Eoit :  from  the  opposite  eaat, 

will  prevail  and  juatify  the  father.  Populit  vel  tniiitibut  is  underatood. 

ieiot  atpiee :  but  aee  the  Decii,  &c.  832.  AV  attueteite  tanta  bella  animit :  by 

B  a  noble  family  at  Rome.    Throe  commutatio,  for  ne  attuttcite  animot  taniis 

.evoted  their  Uves  for  their  coun-  bellit. 

tot:  Orusua  was  the  surname  of  833.  JWu  patrvt.    This  verse,  in  a  very 

I  family,  from  Drutut^  a  gcneral  reniarkable  manner,  conveys  to  tlie  ear  the 

kuls,  slain  by  one  of  that  iamily.  sound  of  tearing  and  rending,  which  it  ia 

nily  was  Lima  Drutilla^  the  wife  designed  to  ezpress. 

us.  835.  Jifeut  tanguit.    Julius  Cesar  is  here 

orquatum.     Titus  Manliua,  sur-  meant,  who,  according  to  Virgil,  dcscended 

trquatut^  from  a  golden  ehain  or  from  Fenia,  through  laiut^  the  son  of  £ne- 

piei)  which  he  took  from  a  gene-  as.    The  poet  here  very  artfully  ezpreasea 

Gauls,  whom  he  slew,  anno  urbit^  his  abhorrence  of  the  civU  war  which  placed 

came  afterward  the  common  name  the  Cesars  on  the  imporial  throno ;  but  he 

aily.     He  was  three  times  consul,  does  it  so  artfully  as  leavea  to  Auguatus  nr 

m  dictator.     He  orderod  his  son  rooni  for  taking  offence. 

I  for  fighting  the  enemy  against  836.  Corintho  triumphatd:  Corinth  being 

although  he  gained  the  victory.  triumphed  over.     This  was  a  famoua  city  ul 

I  to  thia,  he  is  called  temm  tuuri.  Greece,  situated  on  the  isthmus  which  con- 

;   a  Roman  of  noble  birth.     He  necls  liie  Peloponnesus  with  the  iiiain  lanJ. 

bed  from  Rome  for  envy  of  his  This  city  privatcly  formed  an  alliance  with 

I  military  renown.    While  he  was  the  principal   Grecian  states ;  whicn  gavo 

le  Gauls  made  an  incursion  into  offence  to  the  Romans.     Upon   tiiib,  they 

took   Rome.     This  roused  Ca-  scnt  ambassadors  to  dissolve  this  alliaucc 

!•  Ibrgot  the  injury  done  to  him;  or  council  of  the  statcs,  as  it  was.caUAd« 

diaf  a  kody  of  men,  fell  apoa  who  were  tieaied  wiVh  VuAvnoa  «ik^  aivuilw..^ 


SM  P.  V1RG1LU  MARONIS 

Victor  aget  currum,  csas  iiisignui  Achivii 
Eruet  ille  Argos,  Agamemnoniasque  Myo 
Ipsumque  iEaciden,  genus  armipotentis  A 
Ultus  avos  Trojae,  templa  et  temerata  Mio 
Quis  te,  magne  Cato,  tacitum  ;  aut  te,  Cc 
b4f.  Qui»  relinquat  Quig  Gracchi  genus  ?  aut  geminos,  duo  fii 
irenui  Graochi  taetium?  gejpiadas,  cladem  Liby»  ?  parvoque  potei 

Fabricium  ?  vel  te  sulco,  Serrane,  serente 

NOTES. 

Home  Iiistant]y  declored  war,  which  ended  eatut^  wiee  or  pmdent. 

bi  the  destruction  of  Corinth,  and  the  sub-  was  his  great  grandson,  a 

tugation  of  its  allios.     This  was  completod  He  arrived  at  the  pnetor 

»y  the  consulMummiuSfintheyearof  Rome  gated  Sardinia;  and,  in  H 

603.     Itlt  mctor.     This  refers  to  Mummius.  560,  obtained  a  triumph  iu 

He  was  honored  by  a  triumph.     Capitolia :  actcd  n»  proconaul.     He  < 

neu.  phi.   a  famous  temple  of  Jupiter  at  Cssar,  and,  when  he  eaw 

Ucmo,  commenced  by  Tarquinius  Priscua  lost^slewhimself.    Coue: 

upon  the  hill  called  Tarpcitu^  but  aflerward  He  slew  the  king  of  the  I 

Capitoliniu^  from  the  circumstance  of  a  hu*  aecrated   his    spoils    to   • 

inan  head  (eapiU)  being  found  when  they  These  were  the  second  i 

were  laying  the  foundation  of  that  edifice.  thn  building  of  Rome.     ] 

Hitherto  the  victors  used  to  be  drawn  in  a  nominated  dictator,  and  ti 

ear  to  place  their  laurels  in  the  lap  of  Jove.  Voltei, 

838.  lltt  eruet  Argot:  he  shall  overthrow        842.  Oenut  Oraeehu 

Argos,  &C.    Virgil  is  here  supposed  by  /fjy-  nius  Gracchus  was  the  i 

gtnut  Xo  confound  two  eveuts  which  took  of  his  family.    He  was 

place  at  different  periods — ^the  war  of  Acha^  and  triumphed  over  the  < 

ta,  which  ended  in  the  destruction  of  Co-  destrqying  three  hundred 

rinth,  and  the  war  with  Pyrrhut^  king  of  the  year  of  Rome  576. 

Z^irus.     The  former  was  conducted  by  the  sul,  and  onco  censor.    Hc 

eonsul  Numniiut^  to  whom  the  iUey  in  the  the  daughter  of  Scipio  A: 

preceding  llhe,  refers;  but  it  is  not  certain  among  other  children,  hi 

to  whom  tho  ilte  here  refers;   whethcr  to  mous  brothors  Tiberius  i 

QiiiTictiut  Flaminius^  Pauiut  ^milius^  Ca-  were  both  appointed  tribu 

ciliat  Meldlut^  or  M.  Curius^  each  of  whom  diiferent  times,  and  were 

acted  a  disting^ished  part  in  the  war  with  catesoftheirrights.  This^ 

Greece   and   Epirus.     By  Argos — Mt/cerue^  of  the  senate,  who  raised 

tiio  best  interpreters  understond  the  powcr  they  both  perishcd.     Thc 

of  Greece  in  gencrol.     And  by  ^aciden^  of  Kome  621,  and  the  lat 
not  Pyrrhus,  but  tho  power — the  govern-         843.  Scipiadas.    Theri 

ment  of  Epirus.     This  was  not  dostroyed  Cornelius  Scipio  major, 

during  the  reign  of  that  monarch.     It  was,  pio  minor.     Thcy  wcre 

however,  completed  in  the  reign  of  Perset  ricanut,     The  lattcr  wa 

or  PerseuSy  king  of  Macedonia,  the  last  of  former,  and  wos  adoptec 

tho  dcscendants  of  Achillos,  whom  Paulus  lius^  and  to  distingubh  hi 

^milius  led  in  triumph.     He  may  be  callod  he  was  called  also  w£rnt7; 

JEacides^  as  being  descended  from  Achilles^  both  distinguished   men 

the  grandson  of  JEaeut^  by  Olympiat^  the  twenty-four,  Scipio  Majc 

daughter  of  Pyrrhut^  king  of  Epirus.     Ho  commond  in  Spain  aga 

unitod  the  interests  of  northem  Greece.  nians,  whom  he  expclled 

840.  Ultut  avot  TVqjtt:  having  avenged  He  was  ailerward,  ann 
his  ancestors  of  Troy.     Temerala  templa:  consul.     He  passed  over 
the*  violated  tenipie  of  Minerva.     This  al-  he  defeated  them  again, 
ludcs  to  the  violence  offered  to  it  by  Diomcde  second  Punic  war,  mucl 
uid  Ulyssos,  in  taking  away  the  Palladium.  of  the  Romans.     He  o 

841.  Cato.  There  were  two  distinguish-  anno  urbit  553.  Hence 
ed  persons  of  this  name.  The  one  here  canus.  Seipio  Minor  wj 
spoken  of  is  the  Cato  Major^  sometimes  call-  in  607.  He  took  the  dc 
od  Cato  Centoriuty  from  his  great  gravity  in  the  third  Punic  war,  t 
and  strictness  in  the  censorship.  He  lived  Carthage.  He  triumph 
to  a  very  great  age.  He  sprang  from  an  also  nalled  Africanut.  . 
obscure  family ;  and,  on  account  of  his  wis-  two  thunderbolts  of  wi 
dom  and  prudenoe,  was  caUed  CatOy  from  called  by  Lueretiut  and 


iENElS     UB.  VI.  391 

sum  rapitis,  Fabii  ?     Tu  Maximus  ille  es,       845  .  845.  FabiU  qad  ra|ii* 
n  nobis  curictando  rcstituis  reui.  li«i»*  feMuinr 

it  alii  spirantia  mollius  aera, 
quidem :  vivos  ducent  de  marmore  vultus ; 
;  causas  meliiks  ;  cvelique  meatus 
snt  radio,  et  sursentia  sidera  dicent :  860 

rc  imi^erio  populos,  llomane,  memento  : 
erunt  artes  ;  pacisque  imponere  morem, 

subjectis,  et  debellare  superbos.  d^-t^uo'  ^"*'**** 

iter  Anchises  :  atque  haec  mirantibus  addit :  ^j^  llj^  eques  tiitec 

ut  inftjrnis  spoliis  Marcellus  opimis  855  Roman&ju  rem,  nmfno 

ur,  victonjue  viros  supereminet  omnrt.  tumultu  tmbante  em 

I  Romanam,  magno  turbante  tumultu,  ^»  ^^^  itneas  «ii  .• 

lues  :  stcmet  PcEnos,  Gallumque  rebellom  ;  ^  P*^*'  •»"'■  '*'  '"*.'  ''''^ 

■  ^,  Vx   •  •  *ic      comitatur      viruro 

le  arma  patn  suspendet  capta  Quinno.  euntem  ?   namque  vide- 

ic  i£neas  ;  un^  namque  ire  videbat  860  bat 

NOTES. 

^ttbrieium.     Fabricius  wae    rai«ed  that  for  a  long  time  the  Romann  paid  littla 

}w  eiitate  to  the  command  of  the  attention  to  the  arta  of  civiliied  life  ;  not  un« 

rmy.     The  Samnitee  and  Pyrrhus  til  they  had  made  themaelvee    maatera  ol 

nptcd  to  corrupt  him  with  nioney ;  Greece.     Ktrof :  to  the  life.    JKra :  tUUuoi 

ve  thcm  to  underttand  that  Rome  ez  ere. 

imbitioue  of  gold,  but  gloried  in  849.  MeaiuMeali:  nem pe,  «ir«tt  nrferum. 

mg  thoee   who  posMiaed  U.    He  RatHo ;  ihe  radiut  waa  a  stick  or   wand, 

conaul,  and  twice  he  trmmphed.  ^«Mi  by  the  geomitricianf  to  mark  or  de- 

QuincUuB  Cincmnatua.    He  was  .cribe  their  &uree  in  the  «uid.    Dieeni : 

ator.    AttheMeofeijrhtyhewae  rfiaU  explain— treat  of. 

m  hitf  farm  of  four  acree  only,  oca    >#             :    «u                r  i              i 

ploughed  and  aowed  with  hi.  own  ^^.  -^^^" '    "*  ^he  «mee  of  Ugem.  vd 

hence  he  ia  called  Serranm,  from  «^^*»"*"^- 

iro,     Florua  caUf  him  dieiator  ab  »55.    MareeUut   ingrediiur :     Marcellu^ 

movoa  along,   distinguifhod   by    triumphal 

tbii.     These  were  a  noble  family  ■Po»^»»  ^-  ^  The  tpolia  ojnma  were  thoee 

of  whom    Qutn/tui  Fabiut  waa  ■poilf  which  a  Roman  genera)  took  from  the 

liKtinf^uifhed.     In  the  second  Pu-  g^nmX  of  Ihe  enemy,  whom  he  had  slain 

imiibal  reduced  the  Roman  state  ^>^b  hi»  own  hand  on  the  field   of  battle. 

ik  of  ruin  by  two  aignal  victoriee  Such  spoilf  Marcellua  won  from  Ftridoma- 

ver  thcm,  one  at  Trebia,  the  other  "**»  ^®  general  of  Uie  Gauls.  Tumuitu,  B} 

rnut.     In  this  sUte  of  thinga,  Fa-  iumuliut  here  we  are  to  underatand  a  Galbc 

appointed  dicUtor,  and  took  the  ^«^»  which  broke  out  and  Uircatcnod   the 

of  Uie    army  against   the   con-  Po»ce  of  Italy.     A  civil  war,  or  inteftine 

3y    delaying  to  give  him  batUe,  commoUon,  wae  properly  cailcd  itimuttut. 

•  he  broke  hif  power  and  com-  Majoret  notiri  tumulium  lialieum^  quod  erai 

I  to  leave  Italy.     Cuneiando  retti-  dometiieut ;   tumuUum  Oallieum^  qttbd  erai 

by  delaying  you  restore  the  «tate.  lialia  finiiimut ;  prmierea  nuiium  tumullwn 

«ored  with  the  eumame  of  .Vaxt-  nomimiA<inl,  eaya  Cicero.     MarccUua    wae 

wae  five  Umee  consul,  twice  dic-  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  armj,  and 

»  censor,  and  twice  he  triumphed.  wifhing  to  attack  Uie  Gaul»  by  nurprife,  or 

M  .•  the  fUte— the  republic  Moft  befcre  they  were  preparcd  to  receive  hiro. 

ro  rettitai»^  in  the  prcaent ;  fome  *"•  ^®^  *>»■  infantry  behind,  and  prooeeded 

1  the  future.  with  hie  cavalry,  or  horse,  alone,  becauae 

!it    excudeni  :    oUiera  fhall  form  ^«7  couW  march  with  apeed.     Hence  ha  in 

dolicacy  Uie  animated  braff,  &c.  caJ>od  here  equet.    Sitiei :  in  Uie  Mnfo  of 

ithianf  were  famed  for  fUtuary ;  firmahti. 

jinf  for  eloquence,  and  Uie  Chal-  859.  Sutpendetque  teriia  arma.    Thc  fim 

Egyptianf  fbr  aftronomy.    Theee  tpolia  opima  were  offcred  to  Jupiter  Fero- 

I  or  fcicnces  here  allude^  to.  The  triuf  by  Romulua,  taken  firom  Acron,  king 

iTM  advidcd  to  neglect  them,  or  of  the  Caninentet.    The  pecond  were  offer- 

tam  of  inferior  importance  to  the  ed  by  Comeiiut  Cottut^  menUoned  B41,  fU* 

,  to  ruling  the  naUone,  and  dicta-  pra.    The  tbird  wer^  taken  by  MarooUaii 

».  ItiflwellknowD  from  Viridomania.     U  i»  imA  c%tU!\%  ^Vtfa 


-m  P-  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Egregium  fonnft  juvenein,  et  fulgentihu 

Sed  frons  lebta  pariim,  et  dejecto  luminfl 

Quis,  pater,  ille  virum  qu^  sic  comitatur 

865.    QaiB   strepit  is  Filius  ?  anne  aliquis  magnft  de  stirpe  k 

comitam  ett  circa  cum  I  Quib  strepitus  circi  comitum  l  quanturu 

?rf«"el!t"in  i"^  ^^^^'  ^^  "^*  ^^^  ^P"*  ^^^^^  circumvolat  ui 
*'  869.  Neque  «ilient  tum  ^um  pater  Anchises  lachrymis  ingrei 
eM8  ultrA.  Rom^a  O  nate,  ingentem  luctum  ne  quaere  tuoi 
propago  visa  eM«/  vobis,  Ostendent  terris  huiic  tantiim  fata,  nequ 
O  Superi,  eue  nimium  £,,80  sinent.     Nimiiim  vobis  Romana  p 

''''S^^Qaanto.  gemita.  ^^  P^H??'  SupeH,  propria  hiec  ffl  doil 
virilm  iile  campofl  ad  Quantos  ille  virum  magnam  MavortiB  m 
moi^iiam  urbem  Campus  aget  gemitus !  vel  qus,  Tybdn 

Funera,  cum  tumulum  praeterlalidre  rec 
Nec  puer  Iliacft  quisquam  de  gente  Lat 
In  tantOim  spe  tollet  avos  :  nec  Romuli 
Ullo  se  tantikm  tellus  jactabit  alumno. 
Heu  pietas  !  heu  prisca  fides  !  invictaqi 

A-A     «j  Dextera  !  non  illi  quisquam  se  impund  1 

879.     Non   quisquam  ^,    .  ^  v  j      •     *  • 

•hriua    tuliwet   se   ilU  Obvius  armato  :  seu  ciim  pedes  iret  in 

armato  impune,  eeu         Seu  spumantis  equi  foderet  calcaribus  l 

NOTES. 

we  aro  to  understand  by  Patri  QutWno,  to  Mareelhu^  tho  ton  of  G 

whom  these  spoils  were  to  be  suspended  and  Octavia,  the   sister  of  , 

offercd.    Nascimbsnus  explains  Qutnno  by  sipied.  him  for  his  dait| 

Marlc^  viil   belio.      He  suspends  to  father  a  boy,  he  adopted  bim  i 

Jove  tho  spoil»  taken  {capta)  in  battle.    Ser-  ed  him  for  his  successoi 

viuB.  by  (^uiririo  understands  Romuius.  He  died  about  the  age  of  twi 

suspcnds  to  father  Romulus,  &c.  and  pro-  His  body  was  carried  I 

duccu  a  law  of    Numa  which  ordored  the  sunicd  to  ashes  in  thc  cA 

fir8t  spolia  (ifnina  to  bc  ofiered  to  Jupiter,  Romans  were  much  aA 

tho  socond  to  Mars^  and  the  third  to  Romu-  made  great  lamentation 

luR.    Bul  tiiis  law  rc^ardcd  those  who  might  interred  near  the  banka 

rcpcat  the  5/;o//a  o/;ima.  Ru»us  understands  great  pomp.     Propago. 

by  Patri  Qw/rino,  Jupiter  Feretrius,  in  the  spring. 

same  manner  au  Janus  is  callcd  ^uirinus  871.    Propria:  lastiii| 

by   SuetoniuH ;    bccause   he   presidcd   over  is,  if  Marcellus  had  bec 

war,  aiid  becauso  his  tempie  was  built  by  872.    Quantos  gemih 

Romulut  Qnirinus.     He  thinks  Jupiter  Fc"  groans  of  men  shall  tk 

retrius  may  be  called  Qutrmta.     Suspendet^  send   forth  !     Mavortit^ 

tcc, :    he  shall  suspend  to  father  Jove  the  name  of  Mars.     Roma 

third  triuniphal  spoils  taken  from  the  ene-  as  being  the  father  bo( 

my.     Marcollus  was  of  a  plebeian  family,  Remus.    jiget :  in  the  ■ 

and  was  advanccd   to  the  consulship   five  in  the  scnse  of  prope. 

times.     In  his  third,  ho  was  sent  to  Sicily,  876.  Tantum  spe.     8 

whcro  he  distinguished  himsolf  in  the  de-  spem  :   othera,  tn  tanU 

feat  of  Hannibal.   He  laid  siege  to  Syracuso,  tn  tantum  spe ;  so  also  I 

and  took  it  afler  he  had  been  before  it  throo  bo  for  spei^  the  gen.  (a4 

years.     Jt  was  nobly  defended  by  the  cele-  Gcor.  i.  208.)  govema 

brated  mathematician  Archimedes,  who  ro-  last  I  prefer. 

peatedly  dostroycd  the  fleet  of  the  assailants  878.  Heu  pietas!  ha 

by  his  machincs  and    buming   glai^ses.     It  poet  here  deplores  the  I 

was  at  last  taken  by  stratagem,  and  Archi-  tegrity,  and  valor,  sustf 

medos  slum.  Velleius  and  Seneca  giv 

U62.  Parnm  l*eta :  in  the  sense  of  Irislis.  most  excellcut  characti 

863.  Virum:  M.  Marcellus,  the  consul.  880.  Seu  citm  pedeu 

867.  Ingressus:  in  ihe  sense  of  coepit.  whethcr,a8afootman,h 

Obortii :  gushing  from  bis  eyes.  tlie  foo,  or  whether  h% 

B69.  Fata  ottendent :  the  fates  will  only  foaming  steed  to  the  atl 

Bhow  him  to  the  earth,  &c.    TbiB\a  Marnui  QBl.  Annos     ti  thai 


iENElS.    LIB.  VI. 


puer !  si  quk  &ta  aspera  nimpaSy 
u.     Manibus  date  lilia  plcnia : 
am  flores,  animamqne  nepotu 
Tiulem  donis,  et  fungar  inani 
iik  passim  regione  vagantur 
latis,  atque  omnia  lustrant. 
iVnchises  natum  per  singula  duxit. 
num  famae  venientis  aniore  : 
nemorat  quse  deinde  gerenda  ; 
»cet  populos,  urbemque  Latini ; 
*  modo  fligiatque  feratque  laborem. 
Somni  portae  :  quarum  altera  (ertur 
is  faciiia  datur  exitus  umbris: 
perfecta  nitens  elephanto : 
um  mittunt  insomnia  Manes. 
im  Anchises  un^ue  Sibyllam 
8,  port&que  emittit  eburnft. 
d  naves,  sociosque  revisit. 
tae  recto  fert  litore  portum. 
i  jacitur  :  stant  litore  puppes. 

NOTES. 


88/> 


890 


888.  Per  qu0  singtilft. 
pottquaui  Aucliitoa  dux* 
it  natum 


895  886.  Altere  lutonp  p«*i  • 
fecta  esl  i  CAndenti  el^» 
phanto :  sed  ptr 
Manet  mittuiit 


900 


the  sense  of  dura^  vel 
tanibuM :  in  full  haiide. 
is.  On  hearing  thii»  line, 
fainted.  The  cncomium 
HC8  upon  thiii  noble  youth 
the  tinest  passages  of  the 
I  uaa  ao  niuch  pleaaed 
&rd  Virgil  read  it,  that  ho 
o  be  givcn  him  of  ten  «e«- 
!,  which  ia  about  acvcnty- 

lueua  aaya  qficio, 
r>  aeriM.  By  thia  we  are 
Rlysian  fields,  ao  called  ; 
tnibut  umbri*  ha&Uatum ; 
erri»  pralis^  aaya  Runua. 
'orda  aimply  in  the  aenae 

Lhrough  all  which  thinga. 

,  all  taken  aopurately  aiid 

one.     Venitntit:  in  the 

aa.   Exin :  (for  txinde :) 
e. 

See  JEn.  vii.  63. 
rta.     Tbia  fiction  ia  bor- 
•dyaa.  lib.  19.     The  most 
o   why  tnie  drcama  are 
h  the  hom  gatc,  and  filse 
ory  gate,  i«,  tnat  hom  is  a 
,  aa  being  transpaiont  and 
ht,  whereaa  ivory  ia  im- 
letrable  to  iL 
fi-yne  takea  thia  in  the 
Rua^us  says  Jifrurit. 
n  llie  sense  offaeta  ett. 
-c  the  infemal  gods.     Jid 
e  o£  ad  himutrj^  vel  ad 


897.  Ubi,  Thia  ia  the  comnion  reading. 
Some  copiea  have  ibi,  The  aenae  ia  the 
aame  with  either. 

898.  Protequihtr  Anehittt :  Anchiacaac- 
companiea  iEneaa  and  the  Sibyl  through 
the  varioua  parta  of  the  infemal  regiona,  and 
ditcourtet  tpiih  Ihem  aa  Uiey  paaa  along,  till 
they  arrive  at  the  ivory  gate,through  which 
he  dismissca  them.  Scrviua  thinks  that  Vir- 
gil,  by  telHng  ua  that^ncaa  passed  'Uroutfh 
the  ivory  gate,  would  have  ua  bcli'3ve  all  he 
had  been  here  aaying  waa  fiction.  Rut  it  ia 
hardly  to  be  imagined  tliat  ao  judicioua  a 
poet,  by  one  daah  of  hia  pen  wouUi  dvatroy 
the  many  fine  complimenta  he  had  paid  hia 
prince  and  the  whole  Roman  peoplc,  bf  in- 
forming  them  the  whole  waa  falae.  Mr. 
Davidaon  conjecturea  thatVirgil  had  in  view 
the  Platonic  phiioaophy.  Ry  emitung  hia 
hero  through  the  ivory  gate,  Uirougli  which 
lying  dreama  aacend  to  Uie  carth,  liv  inight 
mean  that  thua  far  he  had  been  adinittcd  Xo 
aee  the  naked  trutU — ^had  the  true  svstem  ol 
nature  laid  opcn  to  hia  yiew,  and  thc  secreta 
of  futurity  unveiled ;  but  hcnceforth  he  waa 
returning  to  hia  formor  atate  of  darkneaa, 
ignorance,  and  error;  and  thereforo  he  ia 
sent  forth  from  thoae  regiona  of  hpht  and 
truth  by  the  ivory  gate,  in  coinpany  with 
lying  dreama  and  mcre  ahadowa,  whirh  aro 
to  attend  hiin  through  life.  Rut,  un  th«> 
whole,  aa  Uie  poet  hath  connealed  from  un 
the  reaaon  of  hishero*a  pas^iiig  through  thn 
ivory  gatc,  after  all  our  conjertures  or  the 
aubject,  we  may  be  aa  far  as  cvir  fnmi  ViL 
truUi.  Protequitur :  in  the  sciise  ot'  atfO' 
quitur, 

900.  Feri  te  adjtortum  :  he  takoa  Uvmv^Vt 
alongtheahoredu«cl\oO\«^tViU.c«  CoMa 


P.  VIRGILU  UABONIB 


WM  a  promontoix  and  town  of  tho  jimmut  hera  banil  hj  tfci 

9dU,  '  C9a£la)  a  ntma  deriTed  from  tlie  authon  ny.    Id 

m  of  £neea,  who  died  there.    Some  de-  readinf,  but  Hofi 

vo  3  ftom  a  Greek  woid,  whidi  ngnifiet  of  vio,  vel  tftnM 

%  ^wrm  boeaiiae  tha  fleet  of 


QUESTION8. 


b  thu  one  of  tho  books  which  Virgil  read 
Ib  tho  preaenoe  of  AngnatBa  and  Octavia? 

Whal  ia  the  anbjeet  of  it? 

What  ia  the  naturo  of  itf 

What,  probably,  aogfeoted  to  the  poet  thia 
ftnoopiaode? 

Can  yoa  mention  anj  othera  who,  acoord^ 
jnw  to  tha  poeta,  vialed  thooe  regiona  ? 

i¥bat,  probab^,  waa  tho  objeet  of  the 
poat  in  eonducting  hia  hero  thither  ? 

In  what  light  doea  bialiop  Warbnrton  eon- 
aider  thia  book  ? 

Were  theee  myeteriea  in  gieat  repute  at 
one  tiroo  in  Greece  ? 

la  there  no  diffieulty  in  thia  interpreta- 
lion?  * 

Wiiat  are  the  principal  difficultiea  ? 

la  it  certain  that  Virgil  wai  ever  initiated 
mto  thoae  mTateriea  ? 

If  ho  had  been  aoqnainted  with  them,  ia 
it  mpbabio  he  would  have  diTulged  them  ? 

What  doea  HoTne  aay  upon  tnia  aubject  ? 

At  what  plaoe  tn  Italy  did  £neaa  land  ? 

Who  foundod  the  dtjr  of  Cmmf 

Wliat  oelebrated  terople  waa  there  ? 

^  whoro  waa  it  built  ? 

Who  wasDaMlalufl? 

Wbat  it  said  of  him  ? 

WaM  there  ony  curiously  carved  work  up- 
on  the  dnors  of  thia  temple  ? 

What  was  this  eculpture  deaigned  to  re- 
preiient  ? 

Wh<Lt  was  the  residence  of  the  Sibyl  ? 

By  whose  inspiration  did  she  give  pro- 
phetio  reBponsea? 

What  direction  did  aho  give  fneas  in  ro- 
gard  to  his  deeoent  to  the  regions  below  ? 

Where  was  this  golden  bough  to  be  found  ? 

1n  what  way  did  he  find  it  ? 

To  whom  was  the  bough  considered  sa- 
crod  ? 

Where  does  Ihe  poet  represent  the  en- 
trnnce  to  tliose  regions  ? 

Wliat  did  iEneas  and  his  guide  do  imme- 
diately  precedinff  their  descent  ? 

What  is  the  luie  Avemut  properly  ? 

\\\iy  was  that  thought  to  givo  admission 
to  the  regions  of  the  dead  ? 

From  wliat  circumatance  did  itreceive  the 
name  of  Avtmua  f 

What  is  its  Greek  name? 

Acncrding  to  the  poeta,  how  many  rivers 
watered  Uie  realms  of  Pluto  ? 

What  were  their  nainea? 
^  Which  one  was  aaid  to  flow  aronnd  them 
nino  times  ? 

Vfhy  did  Iba  goda  awear  bj  the  river 


If  ther  violalM 

penalty  ? 
Who  waa  Cha|i 
Whatwashis^ 
From  what  U 

Bupposed  to  bo  di 
CHi  theapproii 

fenjman  do?  «j 
What  effect  \m 

bough  upon  liiml 
What  punisbii 

carrying  over  Hll 
Wlio  was  sai4 

Pluto^s  realma?  ., 
How  inany  hm 
What  did  HeM 
What  did  tho  I 

mit  them  to  paaai 
How  many  wm 

the  dead  ?  « 

What  were  Hri 
Who  waa  BM 
WhoRadamai 
Who  JEaeoar^ 
Why  were  thag 
How  was  Mlai 

visited  his  courtf 
As  he  passed  i 

0U8  apartments, « 
Whateffectiiai 
What  is  tho  Mf 
What  eflect  hc 
Did  Dido  leavi 
Where  did  shi 
What  passagt' 

hcre  in  vicw  ? 
What  wastha 
What  doos  Lojj 
After  tliis,  to  ^ 
What  was  hia  i 

ofPlulo? 

Wheredidhei 
What  was  \hi^ 
What  river  wjj^ 
What  is  the  ^ 

thon?  ^ 

From  what  lai 
From  thepalai 

JEneas  and  tho  M 
Whom  did  tlii 
What  was  \M 
What  poet  w| 

the  rest  ?  i^ 

Why  was  no 
Who  was  Mi 
When  did  hoJ 
Are  there 

tanie 


iEN£IS.  LIB.  VU.                                    8M 

yrmation  did  Munbus  give  tbem  ?  Is  it  ndd  thai  Octavia  faifted  at  tlie  meii- 

d  thej  iind  Anchises  ?  tion  of  Marcellut  f 

tait  of  the  regions  below?  Who  was  thit  MarcolluN? 

Anchiies  cngaged  at  that  timo  ?  What  did  Auguttus  order  to  bo  givno  Vir* 

xpecting  the  arrival  of  his  son  ?  gil  for  each  line  of  that  ailogtum  f 

%  tlie  nature  of  their  mecting  ?  To  bow  much  would  that  amount  in  eieiw 

explained  to  ^neat  the  aystem  iing  mon«»y ' 

l  upon  tbe  Pythagorean  and  Pla-  What  iekding  doctrine  of  religion   and 

K>phy :  what  were  aome  of  the  morality  doea  the  poet  here  inculcate? 

ita  of  that  pbilosophy  ?  Are  the  puniahmentA  here  inflicted  ui  pro- 

pbilosophy  many  advocates  ?  portion  to  the  ofl^ance  ? 

tho  invontor  of  the  doctrine  of  Is  tbat  a  principle  founded  in  reaaon  and 

ion  ?  justice  ? 

reaomeof  italeadingprinciples?  How  long  was  the  time  asaigned  for  a 

%  to  the  principlea  of  that  pbilo-  visit  to  the  regiona  beloM'  ? 

liaea  pointa  out  to  hia  aon  a  list  of  Through  which  gate  did  iEneaa  aacend 

d  men  who  were  to  deacend  from  to  the  upper  regions  ? 

>u  mention  aome  of  their  namea?  How  many  gatoa  were  there  ? 

»ea  he  apecially  mention  ?  What  is  the  moat  probable  reaaon  that 

^uatua  highlj  pleaaed  with  any  can  be  given  for  hia  aaoent  through  the  ivorf 

book?  gate? 
twaathat? 


LIBER  SEPTIlHUSe 


'M^  or  Cajeta,  £neaa  purauea  hia  courae  weatward,  and  arrivea  in  the  Tiber,  In 
om  of  Lntium ;  where  he  waa  kindly  entertained  by  Latinua,  then  advaucod 
He  had  an  only  daughter,  the  heireaa  of  hia  crown,  then  young  and  beautif\iL 
the  ncighbnring  princea  aought  her  in  marriage ;  among  whom  waa  Tumua« 
he  Rutulit  every  way  worthy  of  her ;  and  whoae  addressea  wcre  pleaaing  to 
cr  Amata.  For  several  reasonSf  however,  her  father  was  opposed  to  the  match ; 
rly,  on  account  of  the  responsos  of  the  orade  of  Faunw,  From  tliis  he  leam- 
foreigner  was  destined  to  be  his  son-in^law.  He  conceived  £neas  to  be  the 
>inted  out  by  the  oracle,  and  accordmgly  propoaed  to  faim  a  match  with  bia 
In  the  mean  time,  Juno,  displeased  at  the  friendly  reception  of  the  Trojans^ 
ciaJly  at  the  proposal  of  the  king,  set  abont  to  frustrate  it.  For  this  purpoae^ 
i  Aiecto  from  below.  Through  her  means  Tumus  is  ronsed  to  arms,  and  a 
brought  about  between  some  Latin  sliepherds  and  rastics  on  one  sidc,  and  the 
3n  the  other ;  in  which  Almon,  the  eldeat  aon  of  Tyrrhua,  the  royal  JiordHman^ 
,.  This  kindles  the  war.  Both  Turaus  and  the  Latini  repair  to  the  palace  of 
and  urge  him  to  an  immediate  declaration  of  war.  The  agod  monarch  reaiats 
>ortunity.  In  thia  statc,  things  remain,  till  Juno  descends  from  above,  and 
i  brazen  doors.  The  report  is  soon  spread  abroad  that  war  is  begun.  The 
ing  nations  join  Turaus,  and  make  a  common  cause  of  tlie  war.  The  poet 
I  by  giving  us  an  account  of  the  anxiliaries,  and  their  respective  leadera^ 
out  the  whole,  he  haa  diaplayed  a  great  degree  of  taate  and  judgmenU  lu 
laat  booka,  the  poet  haa  imitated  the  Iliad  of  Homer.  « 

d  critic,  Valpyobaorvea,  accuaes  Virgil  of  losing,  instead  of  increaaing,  in  intv 
leae  booka.  The  Trojan  and  Greek  heroes,  whose  namea  have  been  familiar 
Irom  infancy,  diaappear ;  and  we  are  introduced  to  peraonagea  of  whom  we 
before  heafd ;  and  whose  namea  do  not  appear  olaewhere  either  in  fablo  or 
But  he  doea  not  consider,  in  making  his  charge,  that  the  poet  wroto  for  hb 
itrymen,  and  not  for  us.  The  adventures  of  £neaa  in  Italy,  little  ae  we  roa^ 
ited  in  them,  relate  to  the  auppoaed  anceatora  of  the  Romana,  to  their  domestM 
uid  to  the  fonndation  of  their  empire.  Tho^  narration  muat,  therefore,  have 
iled  emoliona  ia  which  we  do  not  partake;  and  canaed  an  tntsreiX  ukVVMia^Va 
ib  M  we  are  fltnated,  and  at  thie  diatanoe  of  tiBM^  im  tfUtt&im. 


39^  P.  VIAGILU  MARONIS 

TU  quoque  litoribus  nostrb,  iEneia  ii 
iEternam  moriens  fjLmam,  Caleta,  dedia 

5.  Nomen  hMmmgDBi  Et  nunc  servat  honos  sedem  tuus ;  ossa 
OMA  in  magna  Hesperift  in  magnft,  si  qua  est  ea  gloria, 

At  pius  exsequiis  iEneas  rite  solutis, 
Aggere  composito  tumuli,  postquam  alt 
iEquora,  tendit  iter  velis,  portumque  r^ 
Aspirant  aur®  in  noctem  :  nec  candida 
Luna  negat :  splendet  tremulo  sub  lumi 
Proxima  Circaese  raduntur  litora  tem 
Dives  inaccessos  ubi  Solis  filia  lucos 
Assiduo  resonat  cantu,  tectisque  superib 
Urit  odoratam  noctuma  in  lumina  cedn 
Arguto  tenues  percurrens  pectine  telaa. 
15.  Hinc  gemitoa  eoB-  Hinc  exaudiri  gemitus,  ineque  leonum 
ftnmi  ez&udiri  Vincla  recusantCkm,  3t  ser&  sub  nocte  n 

17.  Setigerique  euei,  Setigerique  sues,  atque  in  prssepibus  n 
atque  uwi  audai  ■ajviie  ^yire^  ac  formae  magnorum  ululare  lu| 
19.    Quo8  s«va  Dea  Quog  hominum  ex  facie  Dea  saeva  pote 
Ciroe  in  uer»t  Induerat  Circe  in  vultus  ac  terga  feran 

Quse  ne  monstra  pii  paterentur  talia  Ti 
Delati  in  portus,  neu  iitora  dira  subirei 

NOTES. 

i.  TVc  quoque,    This  r^^fors  to  what  ho  had  mous  Medea,     Some  • 

told  ue  in  the  preceding  1k  ok,  Terse  332,  ei  of  Medea.     She  wae  ci 

tequeru^  of  tlio  monument  erected  to  the  an   island   and  city  ol 

niemory  of  Muenus^  on  the  Italian  coasL  mouth  of  the  river  Pl 

Thou,  also,  O  Cajela,  didst  give^  Sic.  inarried  a  kmg  of  tlie  S 

3.  T\ius  honot.     Some  consider  this  an  killed  with  her  poisona 

hypallajre,  for  sedes  tervat  tuum  honorem:  to  Italy  to  the  prom< 

ihe  place  preserves  thy  honor.     But  pcrhaps  which,  from  her,  is  c 

her  uamc  niay  be  considered  a  kind  of  guar-  Cireelio. 

dian  to  the  place.     In  thie  sense,  there  is  no  12.  Retonat  inaeeet 

ueed  of  any  (igure.     The  words  may   be  the  inaccessible  grovee 

taken  as  they  stand :  thy  honor,  or  iamc,  tinual  Bong.     Not  abt 

protects  the  place.     This  ie  the  better  and  for  Ulysses  and  his  cc 

more  poetical.     Seiiem:  in  the  sense  of  /o-  but  diiHcult  of  access. 

eum.     Otaa:   in  the  sense  of   aepulchrum.  14.  ArgxUo  pectine 

There  is  a  promontory  and  city  in  this  part  shuttlo. 

of  Italy,  by  tho  name  of  Cajeta,  or  Galela.  15.  Ira:  the  rage— 

6.  Afrgere  tumuli  eompotUo:  atombbeing  18.  Formet  magnor 
erected.     The  earth   heaped   up  over  the  the  great  wolyes. 
curpso  or  ashes  of  thc  dead,  was  called  agger  19.   Quot  ex  fdeie 
tumuli.  cruel  goddess  Circe  fa 

B.  .^ ur<B  atpiraHi»         Dr.  Trapp  observes  shape  of  men,  into  tl 

that,  down  to  the  IBth  line,  is,  beyond  ez-  (Jcrgn)  of  wild  beasts, 

firession,  elegant  and  aifecting.     A  funeral  dently  to  be  taken  in 

tad  been  just  performod.     They  sail  in  the  Tetga :  the  backe,  by 

still  night  by  the  light  of  the  moon.     They  bodies. 

passalong  an  enchanted  coa8t,'Whence  thoy  Tho  fablo  of  Circ 

hear  Uio  roaring  of  lions.  and  other  beosts  of  Odyssey,  lib.  10.  a*  hc 

prey.     Upon  the  four  last  lines  he  passcs  tiie  tnat  the  followers  of 

nigl.est  eiicoiniuin.     Candida.     As  tlie  sun,  into  swine.     He  alon 

fri>m  his  flaining  brightness,  is  called  aureiit^  aid  of  Mercury,  and 

gnldcn ;  so  ihe  inoon,  from  her  paler  light,  is  moli/.     At  his  requot 

called  condida,  wiute  or  silvered.  restorcd  to  their  form 

'0.  CtrriTtp :   an  adj.  froin  Circe^  a  cele-  sonous  herbs,  she  in 

braied  HorceroFs,  tiio  daughter  of  Sol,  and  wand,  with  which  sh( 

Uie  nynipl»  Perse.     She  was  the  sister  of  21.  Qua  talia  mm 

AteM,  kinQ  of  Colchia,  the  {t^Oitti  oC  Xh^  Ci^  «troua  change»— «hai 


\ 


iENEIS.    LIB.  m 


wr 


ifrtunus  ventis  implevit  Tela  secundis, 

ique  fugam  dedit,  et  pr»ter  vada  fcrvida  vezit 

Jani4|ue  rubescebat  radiis  mare,  et  Ktliere  ab  alto 

lirora  iii  roseis  fulgebat  liitea  bigis : 

bn  veiiti  posuere,  omnisque  repente  resedit 

■tus,  et  in  lento  luctantur  mannore  tonsas. 

tquv  hic  iEneas  ingentem  ex  aequore  lucum 

wpicit :  hunc  inter  fluvio  Tiberinus  amocno, 

irticibua  rapidis  et  multA  flavus  arenft, 

proruinpit.     Variie  circikmque  suprique 
ripis  volucres  et  fluminis  alveo, 
tbera  inulcebant  cantu,  lucoque  volabant. 
Bctere  itcr  sociis,  terrsque  advertere  proras 
Mrat :  et  lctus  fluvio  succedit  opaco. 
rkuiic  age,  qui  reges,  Erato,  quoc  tempora,  rerum 
lis  Latio  antiquo  fuerit  status,  advena  classem 
ID  primikm  Ausoniis  ezercitus  appulit  oris, 
ipediam :  et  priinae  revocabo  exordia  pugnie. 
I  vatem,  tu,  Diva,  mone.     Dicam  horrida  bella, 
cam  acies,  actosque  animis  in  funera  reges, 
Trhenamque  maiium,  totamque  sub  arma  coactam 
laperiam.     Major  reruin  mihi  nascitur  ordo : 
IJUB  opiia  moveo.     Rex  arva  I^tinus  et  urbes 
■  aeiiior  longi  placidas  in  pace  regebat. 

Fauno  et  Nymphft  genitum  Laurente  MaricA 

NOTES. 


n 


30 


36 


40 


37.  Nuiie  Agn,  9  fSimto 
expediaro  qui  rofw,  quv 
tempora,  quii  «taiu«  re* 
rum  fberit 


^^  47.  Accipimui  hunc 
ffenitum  eue  Fauno,  ot 
MaricA  Laurente  Nym- 
phA.     Picus  enU  pater 


BigiM.  Aurora  ii  repreiented  by  tho 
M  drmwn  in  a  chariot  of  two  hurses. 
;  an  adj.  from  /u/uim  an  herb  with 
yellow  or  Mifiron  eolor  iii  dyed.  The 
hiere,  hae  given  a  charmiug  dcscription 
nioruing. 

Posuere :  in  the  lenee  of  quieverunt. 
TVnaa:  the  oan  labor  in  tho  smooth 
of  the  aea.      Tbnia,  proporly,  the 

^0^  the  oar.     Dr.  Trapp  takes  UiUo^  to 
I  here  jielding  or  giving  way  to  the 
f>    Marmore :  the  tea  unrufiled   by  the 


e 


Tiftermitf  inier  hune :  through  this 
.  with  its  pleasant  streams  and  rapid 
ilM,  (whirls,)  yellow  with  much  sand,  icc. 
mm  tua  Tiberinus,  not  for  the  river  itself^ 
tftr  the  ffod  of  the  river.     In  this  cuse  it 

Iltm  rendered  Tiberinus,  cod  of  the  plea- 
lirer,  in  rapid  whirls,  £c.  Thc  prep. 
%r  cr,  being  understood.  The  Tiber  is, 
It  to  the  Po,  the  largost  river  ui  luly.  It 
Uk  the  Appennines,  and  running  in  a 
direction,  diriding  Latium  from 
or  Tnecany,  fidls  into  tho  sea  by 
fr  aMiithe.  Its  original  namo,  we  are  told, 
to  Jiikmim.  It  took  its  present  name  from 
E^nui  kinf  « who  was  killed  near  it  But 
^M/a  it  took  its  name  from  7V6mniM, 
Hf  of  tha  AIInuib,  who  was  drowned 

Mb  MmkHmU  mtkerm:  they  charmed  the 

Thir  k  l^fft// poeticaL 


The  air,  calm  and  still,  is  represented  as 
listoning  to  the  music  of  the  birds  that  wcre 
flying  in  all  directions  about  tho  river,  and 
bciug  charmed  with  tlieir  melody.  Indeei 
tlie  wholo  is  extremely  beautiful,  and  cannot 
be  too  much  adinired.  It  would  appear  from 
this,  that  ^ncas  arrived  in  the  Tiber  about 
the  middio  of  the  spring,  whcn  the  birds 
are  most  lively  and  musical. 

37.  Eraio :  the  muse  that  presides  ovar 
love  afTairs.  She  is  invoked  because  tha 
following  wars  were  in  consoquence  of  the 
love  of  Turnus  and  A^neas  for  Lavinia.  It 
is  derivod  from  the  Greek.  Herum.  Most 
commentators  connect  rerum  with  lemporm  i 
biit  it  is  evident  its  place  is  after  slaiua:  what 
state  of  things  there  was  in  Latium,  wheii 
first  a  foreign  anny  arrived  on  the  Italian 
shores.  Heyne  connerts  it  witii  lea^^era: 
Davidson  with  gtatu». 

48.  Animu :  in  the  sense  of  ira, 

43.  Manum:  troops — forcee. 

45.  Latinut,  Virgil  places  LAttnns  only 
throe  generations  from  Satum.  Fataiiif. 
Pieiu^  then  Saium.  Others  place  him  at 
the  distance  of  nine.  His  origin  is  much  ob- 
scured.  Dionysiusof  Halicamassus,  agreef 
with  Virgil,  that,  when  iKncas  arrired  ia 
Italy,  Latinus  reigned  in  Latium — that  lio 
had  no  male  issue ;  but  an  onlv  daughtar« 
whom  £neai  marriad.  ^Tra :  uwa  ^'^ozkAri 
Plmeidm» :  m  the  ■enia  c€  ^fuialaa. 


P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Accipimus.     Fauno  Picus  pater  :  ipse  | 
Te,  Saturne,  refeit :  tu  sanguiuis  ultimu 

60.  Fait  nuUui  filioi  Filius  huic,  fato  Div(im,  prolesque  virilifl 
httic  Laiino  Ato  Deo-  p^T^n^  ^yj^.  primiLque  oriens  erepta  iuv€ 

^H  iril^'  ^  Sola  domum  3t  tantas  servabat  filia  sedc 

Jam  matura  viro,  jam  plenis  nubilis  ann 

Multi  illam  magno  e  Latio  totAque  petel 

Ausoni&.     Petit  ante  alios  pulcberrimui 

50.  Quem  regia  con-  Tumus,  avis  atavisque  potens :  quein  r< 

jux  ^maia  proponbat  Adjungi  generum  miro  properabat  amoi 

u^^^H  ^  ^^  ^^"'^  portenta  DeAm  terroribuB  ob< 

Laurus  erat  tecti  medio,  in  penetralifc 
Sacra  comam,  multosque  metu  servata 

61.  Quam  inventam,  Quam  pater  inventam,  primas  cikm  com 
pator  Latinut  ipse  fere-  Ipge  fcrebatur  Phoebo  sacrftsse  Latinus 
batur  sacr&sBe   PhoBbo,  Laurentisque  ab  ek  nomen  posuisse  col 

^"w.  Den«B  apea,  vect»  ^"J"»  «P?»  summum  densaj,  mirabile  d 
jigenti  stridoro  trans  li-  Stridore  ingenti  liquidum  trans  aetbera  ' 
quidum  oBthera  obaed^  Obsed^re  apicem :  et,  pedibus  per  muti 
pummum  apicem  hujui  £xamen  subitum  ramo  frondente  pepen 
arboru,  Continud  vates,  Extemum  cernimus,  in 

Adventare  virum,  et  partes  petere  agmi 
Partibus  ex  Isdem,  et  sunuii&  dominarii 

NOTES. 

46.  Jlceipimtu :  in  the  tense  of  audimuM.         60.  Strvaia  meiu  :   f 

49.  Ultimus  attcior :  the  first  or  remotest  gious  awe  and  veneratii 
fbundor  of  our  race.     C/?/tmiM,  aBcending,  is     Grccism. 

the  Bame  with  primxu^  descending.     Reftrt:  63.  Laurentit  eolonis 

in  the  8cnRe  of  habet.  was  originally  given  '. 

50.  Filius  huic.  It  is  evident  that  Lati-  ncar  Ihe  shore  orthe  1 
nus  had,  in  the  course  of  his  lifo,  male  issue  ;  to  the  east  of  the  Tibc: 
but  at  that  tiine  hc  had  none.  It  is  not  said  boring  country  was  ca 
whetiier  ho  had  ono,  two,  or  more  sons;  ond  the  nymph  Marica^  the 
we  havc  a  right  to  supposo  either.  1  have  mother  of  Latiniu^  « 
sappoHcd  that  hc  had,  in  the  course  of  his  Tumus,  too,  is  called  / 
life,  sevcral,  and  accordingly  have  inscrted  cumstance  of  this  grov 
the  word  qu(p.que^  before  oriens :  qufique  dominions.  It  appear 
ortVni:  evcry  one  growing  up  was  snatched  raised  fortifications,  i 
away  in  early  life.  cily,  which  must  have 

52.  Filia  gola  tervabat,     By  this  we  are  we  arc  told  that  his  fat 

to  undorstond,  that  his  daughter  alone  pre-  herc  a  noble  palace  ; 

served  his  family  from  eztinction,  and  his  afier  tho  time  of  LatL 

kingdom   from   pi^ssing  into  the  hands  of  rentum^  from  a  very  lai 

•Ihers:  or  that  she  alone  was  the  heiress  of  the  spot  where  he  foun 

his  crown  and  kingdom — tantcu  tedes,     To-  howcver,  was    the   co 

tam  repionem^  says  Rusus.  wholo  neighboring  cou 

5€,  Potens  avis  atavitque :  powerful  (in  above   mentioned.      T 

grandfathcrs  and  great  grandfatherR)  in  his  callcd  Laurente* — Lav 

a.ireKtor8.     TJie  quecn  was  takcn  with  such  Laurenti. 

%n  illuslrious  inatch  for  her  daughter;  and  64.  Denta  apet :  a 

Brcordiiijrly  urgod,  with  great  importunity,  66.  Permutua:  tak 

ihal  Turniis  should  be  received  into  ihe  fa-  feet   being  mutually 

mily  as  their  son-in-Iaw.     Amort:   Ruo^us  gether. 

ssys,  $tu4io.  6\\.    Cemimut :   we 

59.  Perutralibiu.     The  interiorof  a  house  proach,   and    an    arm 

or  palace,  Ihough  not  roofed,  may  bo  callcd  which  the  bces  sought 

vtnftrafe,     Such  must  have  been  tho  palaco  froni  which  they  came 

•fLatinud;  othcrwisc  a  stately  laurel  could  70.  Dominarier  :  bj 

QOC  havo  g-own  in  that  plaoe,  nart :  to  rule — bear  ■« 


\ 


iENElS.    UB.  Vn. 


casds  adolet  dum  altaria  tcedis ; 
mitorem  adstat  Lavinia  virgo, 
1  \ongia  compr^ndere  crinibus  ignem, 
em  ornatum  flamm&  crepitante  cremari : 

accensa  comas,  accensa  coronam 
3mmis  :  tum  fumida  lumine  fulvo 
totis  Vulcanum  spargere  tectis. 
rendum  ac  visu  mirabile  ferri. 
^  iilustrem  &m4  fatisque  canebant 
populo  magnum  portendere  beilum. 
>llicitus  monstris,  oracula  Fauni. 
litoris,  adit ;  li^cosque  sub  alt& 
bune& ;  nemorum  quse  maxima  sacro 
t,  sftvamque  exhalat  opaca  mephitim. 
gentes,  omnisque  CEnotria  tellus 
sponsa  petunt :  huc  dona  sacerdos 
9t  c^esarum  ovium  sub  nocte  silenti 
ubuit  stratis,  somnosque  petivit : 
s  simulacra  videt  volitantia  miris, 
idit  voces^  fruiturque  Deorum 
attque  imis  Acheronta  afiatur  Avemis. 

pater  ipse  petens  responsa  Latinus ; 
tigeras  mactabat  rite  bidentes ; 
m  effultus  tergo  stratisque  jacebat 

Subita  ex  alto  vox  reddita  luco  est : 
mubiis  natam  sociare  Latinis, 
lenies  :  thalamis  neu  crede  paratis. 
liunt  generi,  qui  sanguine  nostrum 
Lstra  ferent ;  quorumque  k  stirpe  uepotes, 

NOTES. 


73.  Visa  esi,  O  neTif  \ 
comprtodere  m;ncm  lcn- 
ij^g  gii  crinibus 

75.  Kwa  tit  \oemr»n 
quoad  regale^  comui, 
accensa  quoad 

76.  Tum  famidi  trtis 
ett  involvi 

oQ      79.  Naroquo  vatts  ea* 
nebant  Xfavtnuiiii 
fore  * 


86 


96 


tdolei  aiiarta :  while  he  kindlee 
ti  holy  torches,  Hcc  Some  con- 
wiih  Lavinia,  and  understand 
«t  fire  to  the  altars.  But  it  is 
tter  to  understand  this  of  the 
daughter  atanding  near  him. 
e  aenee  of  puris  vel  tacru. 
U  .  ia  the  common  reading. — 
I  «/,   which  makee  the  tenae 

Rusus  takae  thia  in  the  aenae 


uon.*  ia  the 


ofjlammam 


^,  &c  This  line  is  capable  of  a 
in^.  aecording  to  the  sense  giv- 
If  it  be  taken  in  its  usual  sense, 
is  terrible  thing,  and  wonderful 
[began)  to  be  spread  abroad.  It 
I  the  sense  ofhaberi^  it  will  be : 
sgan)  to  be  considered  terrible 
il  to  the  sight.  Thisis  the  sense 
)j  Ru»us  and  Davidson.    Dr. 

the  formor. 

Faiumj  here,  is  in  the  sense  of 
iie6aii<  .*  in  the  sense  of  pradi- 


81.  .Wbii«<rtff:attheprodigies,orwonoer- 
fulsigns.  Motutrum.  nny  thing  tJiat  is  con- 
trary  to  the  ordinaxy  courae  of  nature.  iPa- 
iidiei:  prophetic 

82.  ConnUii:  he  consults  the  grove  undor 
iofly  Albuna.  This  was  a  fountain  irom 
wbich  flowed  the  river  Albula.  Its  waters 
were  very  deeply  impregnated  with  snJphur. 
It  was  surrounded  with  a  very  gross  and 
putrid  atmosphere,  which  tbe  poet  calb  jte- 
vain  mephitim,  Uere  was  a  grove  sacred  tu 
Faunus. 

85.  (Enotna  ieilut:  Italy.  8ee  JEn.  i. 
630. 

91.  Affaiur  Aeheronia:  converMs.with 
the  infemal  powers  in  deep  Avemus.  Aeht' 
ronia :  acc  aing.  of  Greek  formation.  Aehe'" 
ron^  by  the  poets,  is  made  one  o!  the  rivera 
of  hell.  Hore  it  is  evidently  used  for  tht, 
infernal  gods. 

94.  Aique  jaeehai:  and  lay,  supported  b^ 
their  skins  and  outspread  fleeces— he  lay 
down  upon  them. 

97.  Paraii».  This  alludes  to  tbe  conteoi- 
plated  roatch  with  Tumus.  Thclamu  :  in 
the  sense  of  nt^ftti. 

99.  QtieniM^  Mivrfti  d«M»ik^%  trau 


400  ^'  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Omnia  8ub  pedibus,  qua  Sol  utruinqui 

A.opicit  Oceaiium,  vertique  regi(|ue  vi 

II(uc  responsa  patris  Fauni,  nionitusq 

10'i.  Latiiiuf  ipMnon  Nocte  datoa,  non  ipsc  suo  prcmit  ore 

premit  buo  oro  Uec  re-  g^d  circum  iate  volitans  '"■  ^  fania  pei 

*'^"**  Ausonias  tulerat ;  c^m  Laon^dontia 

Gramineo  ripse  reiigavit  ab  aggere  gIi 

iEneas,  primique  duces,  et  pulcher 

Corpora  sub  ramis  deponunt  arbons  i 

Instituuntque  dapes,  et  adorea  liba  jN 

Subjiciunt  epulis  (sic  Jupiter  ille  moii 

£t  Cereale  solum  pomis  agrestibus  u 

114.   Hlc  fort^  aliii»  Consumptis  hic  forte  aliis,  ut  vertere 

ctbvf  ctinsumptim  ut  pe-  fixiguam  in  Cererem  penuria  adegit  i 

nuna  ecleadi  n^    •   i  i*  j     '^ 

Et  violare  manu,  malisque  audacibus 

P^atalis  crusti,  patulis  nec  parcere  qoi 
Ileus  !  etiam  mensas  consumimus,  io 

1 17.  Ncc  dixii  plura  ^ec  plura,  alludens.     £a  vox  audiU 
^^^  Prima  tulit  finem  :  primamque  loquai 

119.  Paterque  enpuit  Eripuit  pater,  ac  stupefactus  numine.] 

r"u2Itii'""  ""^  *"^  "^"  Continud,  Salve,  fatis  mihi  debita  teU 
^***^  '  Vosque,  ait,  6  fidi  Trojae,  saivete   Pm 

Hic  domus,  hsec  patria  est.     Genitar 

,rt.    n-^ r»  «.*^  Nunc  repeto,  Anchises  fetorum  arcaa 

1Z4.  JJicent^  U  nate,  ^        *    ^      r  ^       j  r* 

cikni  famee  coget  te  vec-  Cum  te,  nate,  fames  ignota  ad  htora^ 

tum  Accisis  coget  dapibus  consumere  niai 

NOTES. 

whose  stock,  our  posterity  shall  seo  all  things  the  cake  or  trcnchor* 

reduccd,  &c.     Tliis  alludes  to  the  extont  of  cake.     Fatalis  is  not  1 

the  Ronian  empire,  which,  in  tho  height  of  scnse  o{  fatai  in  Eng 

its  greatncss,  embraccd  the  greater  part  of  porting  some  great  ev 

thc  thcn  known  world.     It  ruled  thesubject  tinud  and  ordered  bjri 

nitions  with  a  rod  of  iron.  thc  broad  or  large  qa 

105.  Laomedontia  pubtt :  the  Trojan  were  divided  by  tw< 
youth ;  so  called  from  Laomedon,  one  of  other  in  the  centre,  l 
the  kings  of  Troy.  Tulerat:  sproad  thein  into  four  cqual  parts, 
abroad.  dnribtis  malis :  with  I 

106.  Religavit:  moored.  117.  ^illudens :  jol 

110.  Subjieiunt:  they  place  along  the  119.  Stupefactu»  i 
gras8  wheaten  cakes  undor  their  meat.  They  propliotic  Cclfeno  (j! 
uso  thcm  in  the  room  of  plates  or  trcnchers.     tuld  that  the  Trojani 

111.  Solum  :  any  thing  placed  undor  ano-  such  cxtremity  aa  tc 
rher  to  nupport  it,  may  be  called  solum.  Ce-  bcforethcy  could  ezpi 
rciilesolums  therefore,  muet  be  those  wheaten  derings.  By  numiiu 
cakes  which  they  ueed  on  this  occasion  as  thc  solution  or  fulfik 
plates.     ^^ugent :   thoy  load  them  with,  k,c,  or  divine  purpose.    i 

W2.  Morsus:  in  Uie  sense  of  dentcs.  the  words  of  Ascanll 

113.  it  penurin  edendi:  when  want  of  but  to  ^neas.  Th 
other  provisions  forced  them  to  turn  thcir  wrappcd  up  in  mjnrti 
tecth  upon  thc  small  cake,  &c.  Edendi :  in  mcnt.  The  solutiott 
Ihe  sensc  of  cibL  surprise   and  joy,     ] 

1 1 4.  yiolart,  The  eating  tables  among  wonder  and  admiratt 
tlie  ancicnts  were  considered  sacred.  Thcy  pause  a  while  upoa 
ivert!  a  kind  of  altar,  on  which  libations  he  kept  silence.  Vm 
were  mado  to  tho  gods,  both  before  and  af  123.  Rcpeto:  I 
!er  muuls.  To  destroy  them  was  consider-  ry.  Memoriam  ia 
ed  a  kinJ  of  sacriloge  or  violenco.     Orbem  125.    Daptbut 

tOialit  eruitu   By  this  we  aie  \o  vitidetaVatxd    havin    failed — bein 


iENeis.   LfB.  vn 


401 


•crare  domos  defessus,  ibiqiie  in«>monto 
ocare  iiianu,  nioliru)ue  aggcrc  tecta. 
at  illa  fames  :  liaic  uos  su)>rema  manebant, 
lositura  moduiii. 

Lgite,  et  primo  l»ti  cum  lumine  solis,  130 

ca,  quive  habeant  homines,  ubi  moenia  gentis, 
mus  ;  ct  k  portu  diversa  petamus 
ateras  libate  Jovi,  precibusque  vocate 
;n  genitorem,  et  vina  reponite  mensis. 
einde  efiatus,  frondenti  tcm}>ora  ramo  135 

t^  et,  Geniumque  loci,  phmamque  Deorum 
!n,  Nymphasciue,  et  adhuc  ignota  precatur 
i :  tum  Noctem,  noctisque  orientia  signa, 
|ue  Jovem,  Phrygiamque  ex  ordine  matrem 
;  et  duplices  CGuloque  Ereboque  parentes.      140 
er  omnipotens  ter  ocelo  clarus  ab  alto 
^  radiisque  ardentem  lucis  et  auro 
nu  quatiens  ostendit  ab  sthere  nubem. 
jr  hic  subitd  Trojana  per  agmina  nimor, 
<se  diem,  quo  debita  mcenia  condant.  146 

n  instaurant  eiJMks,  atque  omine  magno 
s  la;ti  statuunt,  m  vina  coronant. 
ra  cum  prim&  lustrabat  lampade  terras 
i»  ;  urbem,  et  Hnes,  et  litora  gentis 
explorant :  hiec  fontis  stagna  Numici,  li|P 

*vbriiii  fluvium,  hic  fortes  habitare  Latinofl. 
tus  AnchisA  delectos  ordine  ab  omni 
oratores  augusta  ad  moenia  regis 
t,  ramis  velatos  Palladis  omnes  : 
e  ferre  viro,  pacemque  exposcere  Teucns.      155 
lora  :  festinant  jussi,  rapidisque  feruntur 
I.     liiee  humili  designat  mobnia  fossl, 


130.  Am  iBti  vettige- 
mus,  quB  iini  hat  loc% 
qui-ve  hominea  haboant 
ta;  ubi  tifU  moenia  geii- 
tie;  et  potamus  diveraa 
loea  k  portu. 


142.  Ipeeque  oetenaic 
ab  vthere  nubem  arden- 
tem  radiie  luci«  et  auru* 
quatiene  eam  mann. 


150.  Duemu  luM  €${• 
■tagna  fontie  Numicl* 
hunc  cfM 

15:2.  Jubet  oentnm 
oratoree  delectoo  ab  om- 
ni  ordine  ire 


NOTE8. 

iodum :  bonnde    end.    ExUiit :  to  *  aureit  radiit  lueit^  hj  bend.  the  golden  beains 

I— calamities.  of  lighU 

*aierat:  the  bowls,  bj  meton.  put  144.  Diditur:  b  spread  abroad. 

ine  in  them.  145.  Debiia:  in  the  ■enee  of  detOtuUa, 

*rimam  Deorum.    According  to  He-  148.  Lampcie:  in  the  eenee  of /nre. 

fu«,  or  Terra,  wae  reckoned  the  fint  150.  Siagna  fimiiti   the  streams  of  the 

d«  except  Chaat.     Implieai :  in  the  fountain  /fumictu,    This  was  a  sniall  river, 

eingii.  or  stream,  flowing  between  Laurentum  and 

foeiem.    Thie  goddees  sprang  froni  Ardea.    JDtvcrn:  they  indifferentdirectiona. 

scordingto  Hesiod.    ^neaa  tnpoi:^!  154.  Ramit  PaUadit:  wilh  the  boughs  ol 

ing,  perhapa,  during  the  darknees,  Palloe — with  the  olive.     The  olive  was  ea* 

lehief  from  the  natives.  cred  to  Minerva,  and  the  badge  of  peace 

ieeum :  an  adj.  from  Ida^  a  moun-  Velatot :  eoronaiot^  soyb  Runus. 

Znie^  where  Jupiter  was  brought  157.    Ipte  detigimi':   he   himself,  in   the 

^ygiam  wutirem  :  Cy bele.  mean  time,  marks  out  his  city  with  a  low 

H^lieet  pareniet:  boih  his  parents,  furrow,  and  prepares  the  place  for  buildlng. 

'4  Anehittt ;  tbe  fbrmer  in  heaven,  This  citv  of  £neas  was  sftuated  on  the  east 

r  iii  Elysium ;  at  least  his  idiolum^  bank  of  the  Tiber,  a  Uttle  above  tlie  sod. 

Ho  called  tbe  name  of  it  Troy.    In  after 

maT  Biean  lond— «hrill ;  or  times,  Ancus  Martius,  a  king  of  Uie  Romans, 

t  maj  nnplj  that  the  sky  was  elear,  founded  here  a  city,  which  he  caliod  Otiia^ 

m  mnwdwrnd  a  good  omen.  from  its  victnitj  to  tho  moulk  of  tha  Tih^. 

itarfns  teis  sl  «0«.    Thls  ie  for  See  JLn,  v.  766. 

27 


m  P.  TIRG1L1I  MARONfS 

15ff.  Cingitque  prinias  Moliturque  loriiiii ;  primajqoe  in  litore  m 
■64fM  in  litore  peirnis  ut-  Castronim  in  morem,  pinnb  atque  aggen 

''"rML^i^que  juvinei      ^»"«^"0  >ter  emensi,  turres  ac  tecta  La 
•moDai  iter  cemebant      Ardua  cernebant  juvenes,  muroque  subibi 

Ante  urbem  pueri,  et  primaevo  flore  juven 
Exercentur  equis,  domitantque  in  pulvere 
Aut  acres  tendunl  arcus,  aut  lenta  lacertii 
Spicula  contorquent,  cursuque  ictuque  lai 
Cihm  prsevectus  equo  longievi  regis  ad  aui 
Nuntiua  ingentes  ignoti  in  veste  reportat 
Advenisse  viros.     Ille  intra  tecta  vocari 
109.  Mediiij  ■norum  Imperat,  et  solio  medius  consedit  avito. 
emum.  Tectum  augustum,  ingens,  centum  sublin 

174.    Hoc    templum  Urbe  fuit  summft,  Laurentis  regia  Pici, 
era/ illi«curia;  hesedei  Horrendum  sylvis  et  religione  parentum. 
itMlinatm    erani    «ftcrii  Hinc  sceptra  accipere,  et  prinios  attoUen 
•P**]^**         .  Regibus  omen  erat :  hoc  illis  curia  lempj 

•*rl.n,^  -  «?i!l^-^^,«  Ha;  sacris  sedes  epulis  :  hic  ariete  cffiso 
avorum « cetlro  antiqua  _  .        ,.  .       '^  . , 

adst&bant  vestibulo,  «o-  Pcrpeluis  soiiti  patres  considere  mcnsis. 
tiim  ez  ordine  Quin  etiam  veterum  efligios  ex  ordine  av 

NOTES. 

159.  Cingttque  primat:  and  he  inclotei  ted  by  the  founden  of  tl 
hi«  firet  aottlemont  on  the  nhore  with  a  ram-  wliich  are  mentioned.  iSi 
part,  and  a  mound,  Slc,  The  pinmt  origi*  ed  high  upon^  &c. 
nallj  were  Ihetuflaor  cresta  on  the  ■oldier^e  173.  Primot  fa»cea:  \ 
helmot.  Henco  they  came  to  be-applied  to  authority — the  firat  enai 
the  turretfl  and  battlements  in  fortifications.  meton.  the  first  power. 

160.  Ktnensi  iier:  having  completed  their  174.  Omen  ertU  regilm 
juurnoy  to  thc  city  of  Latinus.  Trapp  take  omen  in  th* 

163.  Domitant :  they  brcak  the  harnessed  Davidson  takes  omert  in 
Ktocds  in  tlie  dusty  plain.  Curnu  is  pro-  ciistom  or  practice;  bul 
pcrly  acliHriot:  by  meton.  the  horscs  har-  laid  a  religious  stress,  : 
nessed  in  it.  itnagincd  the  prospcrity 

164.  Arres  arcu8 :  clastic  bows.     Lenta  :  degrcc,  to  depend;  and 
tough — rij^id — not  easily  bent.  sccrated  in   any   othcr 

165.  Lacettunt:  they  challenge  one  ano-  have  considered  it  defi* 
ihcr  at  the  racc,  and  missive  wcapon.     La  Valpy  is  of  the  same  opi 
Cerda  understands  by  eurtu  the  throwing  of  Hoc  templum,     In  this 
Uie  javelin  as  tliey   ran  forward :    and  by  appears  thcre  was  one  p 
ictu^  the  shooting  of  the  arrow.     But  it  is  poses,  another  for  the  w 
bcttcr  to  take  cursu  for  the  races  and  othcr  sacrcd  banquets. 
fxerciscs  on  horsoback  and  in  the  chariot,         175.  Ariete  easo :  in 
and  icla  fur  the  shooting  of  the  arrow  and  coesa :  sacrifice  being  of 
tfirowinp  of  tlie  javelin.  176.  Considere  pcrpei 

167.  jYunlius  prxvectus :  a  messenger  on  cient  posture  at  table 

horscbaok  relates,  &c.  ward  luxury  introducc 

169.  jivilo  solio:  on  the  tlirone  of  his  an-  on  couches.     Perpetum 
cestors.  that  extcnded  from  on 

1 70.  Tectum  augustum :    a  building,  &c.  tlie  other. 
p-il  in  opposition  with  rettia.  177.    Qutn  etiam  eff 

1*1.   liegia  Laurentis  Pici.     This  mag-  statues  of  their  ancest 

nificcnt  palace  was  erected  by  Picus,  thc  fa-  stood  in  the  vestibule  • 

tiier  of  liatinus.      It  was  sitiiuted  on  the  Rusus  and  Heyne  co 

highcst  j^round  or  part  of  the  city,  and  sup-  pater  Salnnus^  which  a 

ported  by  a  hundn:d  columns.     florrindum:  the  planting  of  the  vin 

«wful  by  its  sacrcd  groves,  aiid  ttic  rcli^ion  to  Saturn  by  most  autl 

(»f  thcir  nnccHlurj».     By  rc//;^?e;»i/-,  Mr.  David-  was  the  well  known  i 

fuii  undorNtands  the  religioUH  nionuments,  La  Ccrda  makes  a  ful 

miJi^Ofl,  ffraves,  &c.  Ihal  had  bucn  consecra-  which  is  unnecewiaiy  i 


JSNEIfl.    LIB.  VII.  408    . 

!  cedro,  Italusque,  paterquc  Sabinus, 
cunram  anrans  sub  iinagine  fiilcein, 
lue  senex,  Janique  bifrontis  imago,  180 

adstabant :  aliique  ab  origine  reges,  181.  Aliique  raf[M  ab 

li  ob  patriam  pugnando  vulnera  passi.  origine  geniis^  qui  paMi 

pretereji  sacris  in  postibus  arma,  '^ 

sndent  currus,  curvaeque  secures, 
capitum,  ei  portarum  ingentia  claustra,        185 
le,  clypeique,  ereptaque  rostra  carinis. 

nnali  lituo  parvftquc  sedebat  187.  Picai  ipM,  do- 

ts  trabeft,  laevAque  ancile  gerebat  ^^^^    ^V^^    "^^* 

uAm  domitor ;  quem  capta  cupidine  cenjux         dnctSSue*     "^**®'*"*" 
rcussum  virgi,  versumque  venenis,  1 90      1^9,  Qa^„  perouMum 

m  Circe,  sparsitque  colonbus  alas.  auroa  virgi,  venumf^ue 

tus  templo  Divikm,  patri&que  Latinus  venenia    conjiiz    Ciroe. 

ens,  Teucros  ad  sese  in  tecta  vocavit :  ^P^  cupidine  ^,feotl 

»c  ingressis  placido  prior  edidit  ore :  *^1M.  lUii  inmMia 

ardanide;  neque  enim  nescimus  et  urbem,  195 
,  auditique  advertitis  sequore  cursum  ;  196.    Fe«que    audili 

tis  ?  quiB  causa  rates,  aut  cujus  egentes,  adveriitia   cunura    kue 

Ausonium  tot  per  vada  ccerula  vexit  ?  "^VJST^X  _^ 

.     ^      ^    'x^  .»  197.  Qu0  cann  vozU 

re  viae,  seu  tempestaubus  acti,  ^^  ^^^  ^  ^^ 

nulta  mari  naut»  patiuntur  in  alto)  200  nium  litua  per  tot  cmn^ 

intrftstis  ripas,  portuque  sedetis :  ]a  vada,  aut  egentM  eu- 

hospitium ;  neve  ignorate  Latinos  j?"  «^»  advenutiM  km  * 

entem,  haud  vinclo  nec  legibua  aequam,  "^'  "^  •"**"  ^ 

i&,  veterisque  Dei  se  more  tenentem.  S04.  Sed  mk  apoato 

uidem  memini  (fiima  est  obscurior  annis)  205 

NOTE8. 

iiqua :  maj  hero  mean  durable  here,  ia  plainly  uwd  in  the  aenM  otamaim* 

It  ia  the  quality  of  cedar  not  to  a  lover.    8he  deaired  to  become  hia  wife. 

ahu:  a  king  of  Sicily,  who  ex-  jSparni  a/(U :  ■heipreadorcovered  hiawinga 

conqueata  iiito  Italy,  then  called  with  colora.    TheM  were  purple  and  yellow. 

0  which  ho  gave  the  name  of  /fo-  The  bird  into  which  Pieut  was  changed,  ia 
%ut.    He  was  the  aecond  king  of  the  pie  or  woodpecker.    See  Ovid.  Met.  lib 

the  founder  of  the  Sabinea,  to  xiv.  330. 

I^ave  name.  194.  Edidii :  in  the  aenae  of  dixti. 

b  ttnagine*    Serviua  ezplains  thia  196.  Auditi :  head  of— being  known. 

uiit.    The  mcaninff  ia,  that  the  198.    Vada.     Vadum^  properly,  aigniilet 

ig  down  in  hia  hand,  and  the  ata-  MhallowM^  placea  in  the  sea,  or  riven,  where 

1  a  stooping  posture  over  it,  and  one  may  walk,  from  vadere.    Here  it  b  put 
»on  it.  for  the  eea  in  general. 

mique  InJroniiM :  double-faced  Ja-        200.  MuUa  quoHa :  many  such  thinn. 
610,  inmu  203.  JWee  ignorate :  in  the  seiiae  ot  nee» 

yirinaU  liiuo :  the  augural  wand.  eiie. 

was  a  wand  or  rod  used  by  the        203.  Xqyum :  just,  not  by  rcstrsint,  nor 

t  was  crooked  toward  the  eztre-  by  laws.     Vineulum  is  any  thing  that  bindi 

is  here  calied   Qmrtno/u,  from  or  fastens.     Reference  may  hero  be  mado  to 

a  name  of  Romnlus,  who,  we  aro  the  golden  ago,  when  Satum  reigned.    La- 

was  very  ezpert  at  augury.  tinus  calls  his  people  the  nation  of  Satuin« 

06«!.    Tiiis  was  a  robe  wom  by  either  because  he  reigned  bi  Latium  over 

d  sometimes  by  kings  and  other  the  same  people  ;  or  because  thoy  goveniei 

state.     Broad  trimmings  of  pur-  themselvos  by  the  principles  of  justico  and 

|DSB  it  like  beains,  from  which  it  equity,  and  walked  in  the  steps  of  that  god. 
ime.    Aneile.    Thiii  was  a  small        205.  Fama  ett  abteurior  annit:  the  tra- 

i  wom  ehiefly  by  the  priests  of  dition  is  rather  obseoro  through  years.   Sca- 

liger  would  underiland  il^  a%  Wn^  lamt^^ 

r«a;  m  fiynoua  ■oroereas.   ConfuXf  obecure  than  mifibi  be  «x\iec\«^  cmuMvi- 


44k  P.  VIRGILD    IfAROMS 

Auruncos  ita  (erre  senea :  his  ortuB  ut  agii 
Dardanus  IdsE^  Phrygie  penetnvit  ad  urb 
Threlciamque  Samuin,  quie  nunc  Samothn 
Hinc  illum  Corythi  Tyrrhenft  ab  aede  profii 
Aurca  nunc  soho  stellantis  regia  cgbU 
Accipit,  et  numerum  Divorum  altaribus  aa 
tlf.  Et  Ilioneiis  ■ecu-  Djxerat.  Et  dicta  Dioneus  sic  voce  seei 
ji  €sl  dicia  refiM  j^^^^  genus  egregium  Fauni,  nec  floctibui 

Atra  subegit  hyems  vestriB  succedere  terrii 

Nec  sidus  regionc  viaD,  litusve  feftjllit.       -^ 

X16.  JVbf  omnei  afie-  Consilio  hanc  omnes  animisque  voleDtibut 

rimur  connlio  Aiferimur ;  pulsi  regnb,  quie  maxima  quoi 

.^    w  ,  Exti*emo  veniens  Sol  aspiciebat  Olympo. 

orfvM  de  eupnnna  geote  Ab  Jove  pnncipium  genens :  Jove  Dardw 
JbTi9,  Troiug  MnohM  tuh-  Gaudet  avo.  Rex  ipse,  Jovis  de  gente  lo 
Mtn^  inisit  Troius  iEneas  tua  nos  ad  limina  misit. 

222.  ^uitque  audiit  Quanta  per  Idicos  saevis  efiusa  Mycenis 
2m!l^l*  tempeetaii  beUi  Tcmpestas  ierit  campoe ;  quibus  actus  utt 
225.  £t  n  eztrema  Europs  atque  Asiffi  fatis  concurrerit  orlMl 
tellus  gubmovet  qnem  Audiit ;  et  si  quem  tellus  extrema  refuso 
refufio  Oceano ;  et  ei  Submovet  Oeeano,  et  si  quem  extenta  pk 
pla|ra  iniqui  Solie  ex-  Quatuor  in  medio  dirimit  plaga  solis  iniqi 
JKrl^^dt  JT^^  ^i^^vio  ex  illo  tot  vasta  per  «quora  vecti, 
iAcateris hominibui,iUe  I>»8  sedem  exiguam  patnis,  Jitusque  rogai 
«nrfjM/.  Innocuum,  et  cunctis  undamque  auramqu 

NOTES. 

ing  how  fcw  yeara  had  elapeed  nnee.    Bnt  veyed  in  hie  diamal  comw 

this  is  a  gloss  which  the  pamage  will  hardly  aro  alhbrought  to  your  ci: 
bear.     Virgil  mcntions  the  fact  as  having         222.  ^uanla  tempesicu  i 

taken  placo  long  before  ;  and  handed  down  pcst  of  war  issuing  from  c 

from  thc  ancient  ^urunci.     These  were  the  ran  the  Trojan  plains,  iL 

fiTBi  inhabitants  of  Italy.     And  as  sevvral  ful  and  highly  pootical. 

kings  had  rolgned  in  Troy  a(\er  Dardanus^  what  fates  each  world  o 

it  is  plain  his  departure  from  Italy  was  an-  impelled,  engaged  in  ara 
cicnt,  the  tradition  or  report  of  it  obscure,         225.  Exirema  teUus. 

and  the  niemory  of  it  almost  lost.  posed  the  frigid  zoncs  wi 

206.  Ferre :  in  the  sense  of  narrare^  vol  arcount  of  the  eztreme 

dicere,  torrid  or  buming  zone, 

208.  Samum,  Samus  was  an  island  in  extreme  heat.  £zperic 
the  iEgean  sea,  not  far  to  the  south  of  the  proved  their  opinion  inc* 
mouth  of  the  Hebrus.  There  wore  two  teUus^  we  are  to  understj 
others  of  the  same  name :  ono  in  tlie  lonian  and  by  plaga  iniqui  toi 
sea,  to  tho  wcst  of  the  Sinus  Corinthianu ;  Dr.  Trapp  takes  refuao 
thc  other  in  the  Icarian  soa,  not  far  froni  the  Jluens^  refluont,  ebbing  a 
ancient  city  of  Ephcsus,  in  Asixi  Minor.  son  takes  it  in  the  scnse 

209.  Corythi.  Corythus  was  a  mouutain  which  ccrtainly  is  somf 
anJ  city  of  Tuscany,  where  Dardanus  rc-  of  the  word.  This  lai 
sided  ;  hodie^  Cortona,  Afler  his  death,  sense  Valpy  takes  it. 
Dardanus  was  deified  ;  which  the  poet  228.  Diluvio,  The  p 
beaatifully  oxpresees :  nuru:  aurea  regia  stel'  tho  war  under  the  figan 
lantisj  Slc.  out  of  Greece  ;  and  he 

215.  J^ec  sidvs:    neither  star  nor  shore  TheefTectofthistempei 

liath  mislcd  {ftfeUU)   us  from  the  direct  swept  away  theTrojani 

course  of  our  voyage.  of  Asia. 

217.  Pulsi  regnis,     The  greitest  part  of  230.  Innoeuwn:   ttS* 

Asia   Minor  was  subject  to  Priam.     This  be  ofiensive  to  none.     l 

iusUfies  Ilionous  in  saying  they  were  expel-  of  aqmasn.    Pateniem  : 

iitd  irom  the  greateet  kinifdoiD  the  nin  sar-  munmu 


^NEIS.    UB.  VU. 


40» 


119  regno  indecores :  nec  vestra  feretur        231 
s,  tantive  abolescet  gratia  facti : 
iin  Ausonios  gremio  excepisse  pigcbit 
£nee  juro,  dextramque  potentem, 
seu  quis  bello  est  expertus  et  armis  : 
populi,  multffi  (ne  temne,  qudd  ultrd 
is  manibus  vittas  ac  verba  precantia) 
sibi  et  volu6re  adjungere  gentes. 
ita  Uedm  vestras  exquirere  terras 
gSre  suis.     Hinc  Dardanus  ortus, 
it :  jussiM]ue  ingentibus  urget  Apollo 
n  ad  Tybrim,  et  fontis  vada  sacra  Numici. 
raetere^  fortunas  parva  prioris 
lelliquias  Trojft  ex  ardente  receptas. 
'  Anchises  auro  libabat  ad  aras  :  246 

ni  gestamen  erat,  cum  jura  vocatis 
}t  populis  ;  sceptrumque,  sacerque  Uaras, 
e  labor,  vestes. 
Iliouei  dictis,  defixa  Latinus 
let  ora,  soloque  immobilis  hieret,  250 

olvens  oculos.     Nec  purpura  regem 
et,  nec  sceptra  movent  Priameia  tantikm, 
in  connubio  nat»  thalamoque  rooratur ; 
Fauni  voivit  sub  pectore  sortem  : 
a  fatis  extemi  k  sede  profectum  26j 

:enerum,  |iaribusque  in  regna  vocari 
hinc  progeniem  virtute  futuram 
et  totum  quae  viribus  occupet  orbem. 
etus  ait :  Di  nostra  incepta  secundent, 
que  suum.     Dabitur,  Trojane,  quod  optas : 

NOTES. 


S34   Perqoe  ^«  po- 
235  tentem    dextram,    siva 
quif   ezpertus  e«t   eam 
fide 

236.     Multi     populi, 
multe  ^tcs,et  peti^, 
et    yolu^re     adjungera 
240iMieiibi 


243.  Preterei  nMftr 
rex  daX  tlbi  panra  mii* 
nera 


S55.  Hune  illum  pf»> 
fectum  a  sode  extonui 
portendi  f^nerum 

257.  Hinc  progenism 
fttturam  eue 


iw :  in  the  lonee  of  habebitur, 
1— light, 

iseet :  be  effkced  from  our  mind*. 
eruMMt.  It  was  a  custom  among 

for  suppliante  to  carry  in  tJieir 
igh  of  olivo,  bound  about  with 
Bts.     The  fillets  here  are  only 

Preeaniia:  Rubus  reads,  pre' 

:  decreeo    declaration.    Rueus 

tanut.  Dardanus,  sprung  from 
us  hither.  lihis  is  the  sense 
LTidson.  This  seems  to  be  the 
^alpj,  who  connects  repetii  with 
riut.  RuoDOs  interprets  repeiU 
This  represents  Dardanus  as 
«rson  to  claim,  and  take  posses- 
r,  his  native  country.  This  is 
etical.  Heyne  seems  to  consi- 
Lhe  nominatiye  to  repelit.  He 
lus  oriuM  hine;  hue  revetit  jus» 
tibus  urget  ApoUo.  Ii  we  take 
be  nom.  to  repetit,  thoro  should 
fier  ortiu,  or  at  lcast  a  somi- 
is  principally  under  the  direo- 
god,  tliat  .£neas  came  to  Italy. 


242.  Fada :  properly,  the  shallow,  or  stioal 
part  of  the  river.  Here  tho  water  of  th« 
river.  Foniis:  in  the  sense  of  rwi  vtljiw 
minis. 

244.  Reeeptas:  saved  from,  &a. 

245.  Hoe  auro :  in  this  golden  bowl,  fa^ 
ther  Anchises,  &c. 

246.  Oestamen:  the  garment — robe. 
250.  Obiuiu  :  in  a  steady,  attentive  poo- 

ture. 

252.  Pieiapurpura:  the  embroidered  pur- 
ple  robo.  Embroidery  was  invented  among 
the  Phrygians. 

253.  Moratur:  reflects  upon— dwells  or 
meditates  upon. 

254.  Sortem :  hi  the  sense  of  oracultm  yel 
responMum  oraeulL 

255.  Hune  illum :  that  this  very  person 
como,&c.  Portendi:  in  the  sense  ofdesig» 
nari. 

257.  Auspieiis :  in  the  sense  ofpotestaie. 
Progeniem :  an  issue— race— offspring.— 
Htne :  from  the  union  of  the  Trojans  and 
Latins  in  the  persons  of  iEneas  and  Lavinia. 

260.  .^ugurium :  this  refers  to  tlie  ro- 
sponse  of  the  oracle  of  Fatmus^  coix^Ttiii^u^ 
tho  nuurriage  of  Lavtma,    ^  ^%to;^v%* 


4m  P.  VIRGlLn  MARONIB 

Munera  ncc  spemo.     Non  yobis,  rege  Lat 

Divitis  uber  agri,  Trojeve  opulentia  deeiit 

Ipse  uiodd  ^neas,  nostri  si  tanta  cupido  « 

Si  jungi  hospitio  properat/sociusque  Tocan 

Adveniat ;  vultus  neve  ezhorrescat  amico», 

Pars  niihi  pacis  crit  dextram  tetigiaae  tyimi 

Vos  contr^  regi  mea  nunc  mandata  referto 

168.   £8t  mihi  nata,  £st  mihi  nata,  viro  gentis  quam  jungere  no 

^iiui  aorteii  ex  patrio  ^^^on  patrio  ez  adyto  sortes,  non  plurima  oc 

Mijto  non  ttnum,  plu-  ^onstra  sinunt :  ffeneros  extemis  afibre  al 
rtma   moDBtra  ae   coelo  tt       t    ^*  a.  a        *  *         ^ 

noD  .inunt.  jungere  firo  "««  Latio  restare  canunt,  qui  «nguine  na 

S71.  Canufit  hoc  res-  Nomen  m  astra  terant.     Hunc  ilium  pose^ 

u»T  Latio,  generos  af-  Et  reor,  et,  si  quid  veri  mens  augurat,  optc 

^»9  Hsec  effatus,  equos  mimero  pater  eligit  c 

Stabant  tercentum  nitidi  in  pnesepibus  altk 

276.  Extemplo  jubet  Qmnibus  extempld  Teucris  jubet  ordine  dn 
alipodes  mstratos^ostro  instratos  ostro  alipedes  pictisque  tapetia. 
pic  sque    pe  s   uci       ^urga  pectoribus  demissa  monilia  pendent 

280.  Jiibet  currum,  ge-  Tecti  auro  fulvum  mandunt  sub  dentibus  m 
minosque  jugales  equos  Absenti  iEnesB  currum  geminosque  jugalo 
ab  «sihereo  semmo,  spi-  g     j      ^y^  aithereo,  spirantes  naribus  igne 

rantes     ignem     naribua  -,,  ,  .        '     •  t%    j  i    ^ 

duei     absenU    JEnee  ;  IHorum  de  gente,  patn  quos  Dedala  Ciroi 

tquot  do  gente  illorum,  Suppositft  de  matre  nothos  furata  creavit. 
quos  Dsdala  Circe,  fu-  Talibus  iEneadse  donis  dictisque  Latini 
rata  patri  SolU  creayit  Sublimes  in  equis  redeunt,  pacemque  repc 
m^r7.  ""PP^*»      Ecce  autem  Inachiis  sese  referebat  ab  i 

288!  Et  ez  ethero  Seva  Jovis  conjux,  aurasque  invecta  tenel 
longd  usque  ab  Siculo  Et  Istum  ^neam,  classemque  ex  sthere  '. 
Panhvno  Dardaniam  Siculo  prospexit  ab  usque  Pac 

NOTES. 

262.  Uber  divitis  og-rt ;  the  fruitfulness  of  gocs,  stole,  by  some  mcani 

a  rich  soil,  &C.     Deerit,     In  scanning,  the  steeds  of  her  father  Pha 

two  firKt  vowcls  make  onc  syllable.  tuiing  a  mare  of  common  b 

266.  Pars  erit  paris:  it  will  be  part  of  a  bled  to  procure  what  is  < 

treaty  of   amity   and    fricndship,   to   have  language,  a  half  blood. 

touched  the  right  hand  of  your  king.     It  or  mixed  brecd,  the  poet 

will  he  a  considerable  step  toward  iU   Pars:  this  race,  or  stock,  descei 

in  the  seiise  of  pignus^  says  Heyne.  lestial  breed,  were  the  h 

269.  Sortes.     The  responscs  of  some  ora-  prescntcd  to  ^neas.     D 

clus  were  given  by  drawing  or  costing  lots.  Dcedalus^  an  ingenious  a 

Hencc  sors  came  to  signify  an  oracle,  or  the  He  built  a  labyrinth  at 

responsc  of  thc  oraclc.     Ex  patrio  adyto :  of  the  one  in  Egypt.     It 

froni   his  fathcr^s  oraclc.     See  97.  supra.  from  Crete  on  artificial 

Adytmn  :  the  most  sacred  place  of  Ttie  tem-  cunning — artful. 
plc,  parlicularly  the  place  where  the  oracle        285.  Sublimes,    This  i 

stood.     Hence  the  oracle  itself,  by  mcton.  high,  elevated  upon  their 

Plurima  monstra  :  very  many  prodigies  from  be  taken  in  the  sense  of  i 
heavcn,  &c.  sume  of  which  were  mentioned         286.  Jirgis  :  a  city  of 

59,  supra,  ct  scq.  dear  to  Juno.     It  is  call 

277.  Alipedes.    Alipes,  properly,  an  adj. :  Inachus,  one  of  its  kings 
■wift  of  foot.   Here  it  is  uscd  as  a  sub. :  swift  Inachus,  which  flowed  nc 
horses.      Pictis  tapetis:  with  embroidered         288.  Longi  ex  trthere 
trappings.  the  heavens  afar  ofi*,  evei 

S79.  MandurU :    they  champ  the  golden  chynus,  she  beheld  joyou 

bit  uudcr  their  teeth.   •^un/m,  properly,  gold  cA^u^ :  the  southem  pn 

-^any  thing  made  of  gold  :  also,  a  golden  or  Hodie^  Capo  Passaro.  Foi 

f^ow  color.  longo^  agreeing  with  di 

Dt  gerUt  tHorum.    Cuctt^  aa  \!hA  {«^\«  Vki«  t»yaimon.  roading,  ani 


f^ 


iEN£13.    UB.  ViL  407 

oliri  jain  tecta  Yiilet,  jam  fidere  tenir,  t90 

^«eruiffsc  rates.     Stetit  acri  fixa  dolore  : 

nn,  quassaiis  caput,  haec  effudit  pectore  dicta : 

■u  stiqtem  inviaain,  et  fatis  contraha  nostris 

ita  Phr>'gum!  num  Sigeis  occumbere  campis?  t94   Nom  |M/ulfv  oo- 

ain  capti  potuere  capi  ?  num  incensa  cremavit         295  «^umber©  Sigeis  caDipia 

roja  viros  ?  medias  acies,  mediosque  per  ignes  """™  <*P^  P®^"^  ^^' 

veiiere  viam.     At,  credo,  inea  npmina  tandem 

etsa  jacent :  odiis  aut  exsaturata  quievi. 

uin  etiani  [>atri&  ezcussos  infesta  per  undas  ^p-  InfesU  auia  mm 

lisa  »e«|ui,  el  profujris  toto  me  opponere  ponto.        300  ■®.^"*  '*"  cxcumom  p»> 
L  *      •     rii         °      •  \'     ^  .  triA  per  uiiaaa 

bsumpto;  iii  J  eucros  vires  ccjehque  marisque.  '^ 

\nd  Syrtes,  aut  Scylla  mihi,  quid  vasta  Charybdis 
rt)fiiit !  optato  conduntur  Tybridis  alveo, 
leuri  (>elagi  atque  mei.     Mars  |>erdere  gentero 
imaneiii  LapithQin  valuit :  conccssit  in  iras  305        ^     n    a 

«  Deum  .nU<,UHn.  genilor  Calydona  Dian» :  ^ZJT^^i^T 

Dod  sceUis,  aut  Lapitnas  tantum,  aut  Calydona  meren-  rentet,    aut    Calydona 
tem  ?  mereDtem  ? 

NOTES. 

(90.  Moliri:  to  buUd — ^to  lay  the  foun-  with   Hippodame,  except  Man.    Thig  In- 

lions  of  their  houscs.    The  word  Trojanot  di^rnity  the  god  revenged  upon  hia  fubjecta. 

lo  be  f  uppiied,  govemed  by  vidfi.  Fidcre :  The  Lapithit  were  a  people  of  TheMaly, 

Inist  to  the  lajid.     Davidaon  reada  tufcrc:  inhabitingmountPindus.  /mmanm ;  lavago 

wUle  on  the  land.     He  informg  un  that  — barbarouB :  or  great,  large,  in  rvferenc* 

viufl  found  sidere  in  the  most  of  the  an-  to  their  size  and  stature.     This  laiit  aeems 

■t  M3S.     The  lenae  ia  the  same  with  to  suit  the  design  of  the  ■peech  the  beat ; 

kar.  which  was  to  magnily  the  power  of  Mara, 

191.  SleiH:  she  atopa  pierced  with,  Scc  in  deatroying  such  an  enemy.     Heeuri:  re* 

194.  ^\un  Sifceu :  could  they  fall  upon  gardless  of — lafe  from. 

I  Sieean  plains?    could  the  captivoa  be        «ac    w    •         :..  «u^         «  ^r -j - 

mmf  kc.    Junohere.peak.a.ifnothing  .  305  /n  tr« :  in  the  .enw  ot  adpiEnamei 

.  than  a.e  protecUon  of  the  goda,  that  ^^'^^^  "J»  Heyne.              ^  ^      ^  ^ 

M  oppoMd  to  her,could  have  saved  thcm  306.  Calydona :  acc.  smff.  of  Greck  for- 

|kl    «ich  havoc  and  deaolation  of  fire  "nation,  from  Caltfdon,  the  chief  city  ol  A'/o- 

Imrord.     Sbo  had  done  her  best  to  de-  '«O;  »©*'  the  river  Eyenua.    JEneaa,  ita  king, 

Ihy  tbem.  P^'^  homage  to  all  the  gods,  exccpt  Diana. 
Kila   Pkryfnan.      Thii    may  mean  tho  .  The  goddesi  being  provoked  at  thii  neglect, 

Ihna  or   fortune  of  the  Trojani,  ui  es-  «'»^  *  ^»1^  *>«*''  ">*^  ht»**  waete  his  whola 

ing  all  thc  dangere,  and  iurmounfmg  all  country,  liU  he  was  alain  by  hii  aon  Mele- 

rdBllKaltiei  in  their  way  to  Italy.     And  ^g^^r. 

%  woHriM^  may  mean  the  power,  will,  or  307.  Quod  iarUum  teelut,  Rueua  and  Da- 

Mtion  of  Juno.     It  waa  her  eamcit  de-  vidion  havo  Lapilhit^  Cali/done  merenie :  tha 

to   deiitroy  them  all,  and  ahe  exertcd  mcaning  will  then  be :  what  io  great  puniah- 

^rtinoat  power  to  eflTect  it;  but  ihe  waa  ment  did  the  Lapiths  or  Calydon  deaerve? 

in  all  her  attempta.    Thoir  aucceii,  Seeliu  ii  here  in  the  ienic  of  ptena  vel  nip- 

,wi«,  prevailed  againit  her.     Or,  by  plieium :  the  puniihment  for  crimei  or  wick« 

li  Phrygum^  we  may  understand  the  de-  ed  actioni.     Heyne,  and  otlicn,  read  Lofi» 

Hiand  parpoaesof  thegodi  in  their  favor,  Me»,  aiid  Caiydona  merentem^  govcmed  by 

bMd  to  the  will  and  inclinationa  of  Juno,  tho  vcrb  eonrestit  underitood.     In  thii  caae, 

m  hafllin^  ali  her  power.  tlie  wordi  inay  be  rendcrcd  :  doierving  what 

IML  Aut  odiiM,    Thii  b  capable  of  atwo-  io  groat  puniihnient  did  he  give  up  either 

fe  ^iwioti :    I,  iatiated  with  reaentment,  the  Lapithie  to  Mara,  or  Calydon  to  Diana. 

9«  eeased  :    or,  aatiated,   I  have   coased  If  the  Lapithe  dcserved  such  iignal  puniah- 

my  resenlmont.    The  sense  is  the  same  ment  for  neglcct  shown  to   Mars ;    and  il 

way.  Calydon  dcicrved  it  for  coiitompt  of  Diajia^ 

~  «tusnt:  ezpelled  or  cast  from  thoir  what  do  not  these  Trojana  deicrve  for  con- 

It  is  a  metaphor  taken  from  a  per-  tempt  of  me,  the  wife  of  Jove,  and  queen 

BHoing  toet  or  thrown  out  of  a  chariot.  of  tho  gods  ?     Thus  she  reasoned.     For  th« 

L  Mmn  vmtuii.     Pirithoiis,  king  of  the  cause  of  Juno^s  resentmont  against  iKaTt^ 

w31  tho  fdodM  to  his  nuptials  jant,  see  £n.  \.  4,  and  ^ 


408  P.  VIRGUJI  MAHONIS 

Ast  ego,  Diagna  Jovis  conjux,  nil  Knquere 
Quse  potui  infeliX)  que  memet  in  omnia  ve 
Vincor  ab  iEne4.     Qudd  si  mea  numina  d 
311    Quod  fiiMiien  eiit  Magna   Batis,  dubitem   haud  equidem   in 
niqQani  >i  usquam  est. 

Flectere  ai  nequeo  Superos,  Acheronta  mc 

S1S.  E0to,non  dabitnr  ^fon  dabitur  regnis,  esto,  prohibere  Latinii 

mtAt  prohibere  TrnjanoM  Aique  immota  manet  fiitis  Lavinia  conjux  \ 

Latinis  regnii  ^^  tiahere,  atque  moras  tantia  licet  addere 

At  licet  amborum  populos  exacindere  rega 
HAe  gener  atque  socer  coeant  mercede  ■» 
Sanguine  Trojano  et  Rutulo  dotabere,  vii| 
£t  Bellona  manet  te  pronuba.     Ncc  fiice  I 
Cissels  prflegnans  ignes  enixa  jugales : 
Quin  idem  Veneri  partus  suus,  et  Paris  mll 
Funestasque  iterum  r^.idiva  in  Pergama  ta 
Hfec  ubi  dicta  docht,  terras  horrenda  pel 
Luctificam  Alecto  dirarum  ab  sede  soromi 
Infernisque  ciet  tenebris  :  cui  tristia  bella, 
Ineque,  insidiasque,  et  crimina  noxia  cordL 
Odit  et  ipse  pater  Pluton,  odere  soroiea 
M  Tam  §»▼•  faeiee  '^*"^"^®  monstrum :  tot  seae  vertit  in  orm 
iMil  luis  illa  atra  puU  '^^^  ssev»  fkcies,  tot.pullulat  atra  colubrii 
Inlat  tot  colubria.  Quam  Juno  his  acuit  verbis,  ac  talia  fiitur 

NOTE8. 

t)08.  QuA  potui:  who  could  leave  nothing  lelf  was  the  Pronuba^  as  \m 

antried — who  had  power  to  try  overy  Ihmg.  who  presidod  over  marriag 

309     Infehx  :    un8uccewful — not  havinif        320.  CistetM,     Hecuba,  1 

accomplinhed  riiy  purpoae.     Ferti  memet  in  \^  ^0  called,  from  Ciueiu^ 

omnia :  I  have  had  rccourse  to  all  expedi-  fQfg  gh^  ^vas  delivered  of  P 

eiiiB— I    have    tried    all  Ihe  mean»   in   mj  ghe  had  a  torch  in  her  wi 

powrr.  gale*   igne* :    she  brought 

312.  Arheronla:   acc.  eing.  of   Aeheron:  fire-brand,  to  wit,  Paria ;  n 

properly,  a  rivcr  of  hell.     Here  put  for  the  ^f  the  Trojan  war,  and  U 

infemal  gods.  hjg  country.      Any  thing 

314. /wwwm.certain— fixed — determined.  connected  wilh  marriage, 

315.  Trahere:  in  tho  sense  of  djfferre,  giate,  may  be  called  jugaU 

317.  Hac  mereede:  at  this  cost,  or  price         „^,    ^^    . . ... 

r    4U  •  I      I  4  *u  •*  »/      -        321.  Quin  suui  partus; 

of    thoir   people,  let  them    unite.      Meree*  ,    ,,  .      4U      ^^J^*^  vJ. 

..       *^    .*^  .\                  ,., .           T      .i.'  shall  be  tne  same  to  Vei 

sonietimes    fUCTiines    a  conditton.      In    this     «  r-,.     ^ •   „  •     41 

•4      .,1  u      1  4  4i             -4               41.-  Paris.     The  meanmp  is,  ti 

Bonse  it  will  be:  let  Ihem  uuite  upon  thi»  .,      ««1««  to  Venui 

condition,  viz.  tlie  destruction  of  both  their     £  .•  .    4      u:        \i^ 

i    .i    ny     ■  j  f    »•  4-       j  •       Pari»  did    to   his.      He  a 

peoplo,the  Trojans  and  Latm»,  mentioned  m     ^  ^^  another  war  wl 

the  line  aboye.     Heyne  takes  m^r.rf.  in  the  ^^^  deslruction  of  TrcJy,  : 

B^nnBofmalo^ipemtcxe  It  i.  evident  that 

318.  f^tr^^o,  rfo/aoerc ;  O  virgrin,thou  ehalt  /•  ...  K«„g- 
b*  dowercd  with  Trojan  and  Rululi.n  blood  nir"which'he  called  Tr< 
-Ihou  sbalt  receive  thy  dowry  in  Trojan,  ^^^J^^^  ^^j^  „f  „,j  ^„ 

n\t\    D  II  s        j  n  11  '4      reeidivay  in  the  sense  of  it 

319.  Beihna  manet:  and  Bellona  awaits 

•heo  a«  a  bridc-maid.     Bollona,  the  goddcss  322.  Ta^datquefufutta:  1 

prcsiding  over  war.     She  was  the  sisler  of  ^r*nd,  agfain  fatal,  &c 

Mara.and  prcparcd  his  chariot  for  him,  whcn  324.  Luctijicam :  doleful 

he  went  oiit  to   war.      Pronuba  were  the  See  Geor.  i.  278. 

women  who  niana^^d  Ihose  things  that  per-  326.  Cordi:  dat.  of  cor 

tained  to  nupliais,  and  placcd  the  bride  in  deligrht.     The  verb  sunt  ii 

her  bcd.     It  i.s  uscd  in  the  singular  for  the  327.  Pluton.     The  n  ii 

^oddcHs  of  marriage.     What  gives  empha-  of  the  following  word,  Iv 

s/5  io  the  eTDression  here^  ui,  Ihal  J\mo  bvr-  vowel  o» 


iBN£IS.    UB.  VIL  4M 

i  da  propritmi,  vir^o  sata  nocte^  laborem,  S31.    0  ymrgo    MUa 

•am ;  ne  noster  honos,  infractave  cedat  nor^to,  da  milii 

» ;  neu  connubiis  ambire  Latiiium 

lossint,  Italosve  obsidere  fines. 

inanimes  armare  in  prselia  fratres,  336 

iM  versare  domos :  tu  verbera  tectis  536.  Tu  pUes  taifbiT« 

ue  inferre  faces :  tibi  nomina  mille,  verbwa 

mdi  artes  :  fcBCundum  concute  pectuB, 

npositam  pacem,  sere  crimina  belli : 

L,  poscatque  simul,  rapiatque  juventus.         340     340.  Fae  ui  JuT0T«tiM 

Drgoneis  Alocto  infecta  venenis  velit,  ■imulquo  pmicat 

Latium  et  Laurentis  tecta  tyranni 

U  tacitumque  obsedit  limen  Amat» : 

er  adventu  Teucr(^m,  Tumique  hymenieis,  344.   Quam  Jimaiam 

ardentem  curaque  iraeque  coquebant         3 16  ^^*'^^^  •"?«  ^^\^^^ 
,  .  j        •   -1  TeucrdiD   hymeoaMMae 

cceruleis  unum  de  crmibus  anguem  Turni,  fcDmine«que 

nque  sinum  pnecordia  ad  intima  subdit : 

jnda  domum  monstro  permisceat  oiunem. 

estes  et  levia  pectora  iapsus  349.  Ule  an^is  lap- 

tuctu  nullo,  fallitque  furentem,  360  «w  inter  verte» 

inspiranB  animam :  fit  tortile  collo 

jens  coluber,  fit  longae  t«nia  vittie,  >      fit^rtil  ^^"*  ^^^^ 

e  comas,  et  membris  lubricus  errat.  ^ 

rima  lucs  udo  sublapsa  veneno 

sensus,  atque  ossibus  implicat  ignem,  366 

nimus  toto  percepit  })ectore  flammam ; 

NOTES. 

t€  pmprium  iaborem :  thii  pecu-  iv.     vErtn:   forthwith.    She  ataja  not  to 

hne  task  or  biisineae  which  pro-  make  replj.     She  is  so  bent  on  miaehie^ 

19  to  jou.  that  ahe  obejs  as  soon  as  desired.    See  nom. 

aeta  '  decMnmg — broken.    Ofm  prop.  under  Ooi^on.  * 

Rueus  sajs,  vieia,  345.     Fitminea  eune :  female  cares  and 

Hre:  in  the  sense  of  eiretmve^  uigrj  passions  tortured  her,  inflamcdat^lcc. 

The  eura  maj  refer  to  the  match  with  Tnr- 

io«:  in  thesense  offamilia».  nus,  which  she  was  verj  anziouii  to  bring 

Ir  nomina:  there  are  to  jou  a  aboot;  and  the  tra,  to  the  anival  of  the 

-etences,  a  thousand  wajs  of  do-  Trojans. 

>r  mischief.     Verbtra:  blows^        346.  Caruleit  erinibut :  from  her  serpen* 

In/erre :  in  the  sense  of  tmmii-  tine  locks.     Caruleit.    This  is  said  of  ser- 

pents,  because  thej  are  streaked  with  bluiaii 

^iee.     This  is  the  common  read-  spots.     Instead  of  hair,  the   hoads  of  the 

e  reads  disnee.     Pierius  sajs  he  Gorgons  were  attired  with  serpents.   Htsie : 

e  in  all  the  ancient  MSS.     Crt-  to  .Amata. 

the  caoses  of  war.     Comporiiam        348.  Quo  monstro :  bj  which  serpent,  ren. 

I  trentj  to  which  Latinus  had  dered  fnrioua,  (or  driven  to  furj,)  she  might 

the    match    of  Lavinia    with  embroil  the  whole  familj. 

350.  ^ullo  aitaeiu :  without  anj  pereep» 

pnieis  venenis  infeela:  infected  tible  touch. 

nian  poisons^with  such  poiBons        352.  Tortile  aurum  eollo :  wreathed  flrold 

tnts  had,  with  which  tho  Iicad  of  for  the  neck — a  chain  of  wreatbed  goict— a 

,  Medusa^  was  encircled.      Ac-  uecklaco. 

ablc,  Perseus  cut  off  her  head,         354.  Prima  lues  sublapsa :  and  while  the 

with  him  in  his  travels  into  Af-  fir8tinfcction,gliding  gcntly  downwani.with 

drops  falling  from  it,  sprung  up  its  humid  poison,  pcnctratcM  the  ncnsoR,  &c. 

r  xnto  venomous  rcptilcs.     Tho  Most  intcrpreters  conncct  s^ihiapm  uHo  re- 

tre  the  daughtcrs  of  Phoreys  and  nmo  toj^ether,  and  consider  ttic  infection  aa 

f  were  throe  in  numbir,  Stheno^  gliding  under  the   humid  po\Aow.    \>vi\4> 

i  Emrjfalt,    Se*  Oyid.  Met.  lib,  son  thmka,  tidt  veneno  «hniAd  \s«  co\M!^du«^ 


410  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

367.    ttegma  itivuta  MoIIiite,  et  solito  matrum  de  more,  loeuta  • 
wt  moUiai,  at  de  «olito  jiuit^  gupg,  „4^  lachrymaiM,  Phryniaque  I 

m»T.  milu""'    *^'  Exulibusne  datur  ducenda  Lavinia  Teuirie, 

O  genitor !  nec  te  miseret  natsque  tuique  f 

361.   Nec  miBeret  ie  Nec  matris  miseret ;  quam  priino  Aquilone 

mun« ;  quain  u/c  porfi-  Perfidus,  alta  petens,  abductA  virgine,  pned 

dus  prs^do  relinquet  pn-   *  ^  ^     ^tf  '  *    *  t        j 

mo  Aquilone  At  non  sic  Phrygma  penetrat  Lacedemcna 

Ledseamque  Helenam  Trojanas  vexit  ad  ur 

365.  Quid   erii  tua  Quid  tua  sancta  fides,  quid  cura  antiqua  tuf 
■•fieta  fidei  Et  consanguineo  toties  data  dextera  Tumo 

Si  gener  ezterni  petitur  de  gente  Latinis, 
Idque  sedet,  Faunique  premunt  te  jussa  pai 

369.  Equidem  reor  Omnem  equidem  sceptris  terram  quae  liber 
omnem  terram  tsse  ex-  Dissidet,  externam  reor ;  et  sic  dicere  Dvn 
^^^^."drdet  Et  Turno  si  prima  domfts  repetatur  origo, 
d  nobis ;  et  reor  Divoi  Inachud  Acnsiusque  patres,  mediieque  MjfK 
dicere  sic.  Et,  ai  prima  His  ubi  nequicquam  dictis  experta,  Latu 
origo  put  donius  repe-  Contrii  stare  videt ;  penitusque  in  viscera  I 
Utur,  Inachus,  Acri«iu8-  Serpentis  furiate  malum,  toUmque  pererra 
^rln^^S^^^Z^X.  Tum  verd  infelix,  ingenlibus  excita  mom.tr 
dic  Greeit^  gut  patria.  immensam  sine  more  nirit  lymphata  per  ui 

Cei»  quondam  torto  voiitans  sub  verbere  ti 

NOTES. 

with  pertentat  seruut,    He  observee  that  ler-  He,  or  his  grandton  Per$t 

penta  leave  a  humiditj,  a  kind  of  infectious  seat  of  goyemment  to  M^ 

poiflon  or  slime,  where  tliey  pass  along;  and  ed  his  daughter  Danae  tc 

&8  the  motion  of  this  serpent.  waa  down-  wooden  chest,  and  cast  uiti 

ward,  sublapsa  is  very  properly  used.  it  is  s&id  she  was  impreg 

300.  Genitor,     The  whole  of  this  spfsech  and  had  Perseus.     She  wi 

of  thc  queon  is  very  artful,  and  very  wcU  coast  of  Italy,  where  she 

calculatcd  to  produce  the  intonded  eficct.  Polydectos.     Af\erward,  sl 

Sho  applios  to  him  not  the  title  of  king,  nor  nus,  who  was  one  of  the  a 

tiie  niiiie  of  husband ;  but  tho  tendcr  ap-  nus.     She  founded  the  ci 

pellaliud  of  father.     Thus  making  her  ad-  country  of  the  RutulL     J 

dtess  to  his  parental  affections,  that  if  he  atcd  on  the  river  Inachus, 

had  any  compassion,  it  might  be  moved  in  the  Sinus  Argolicus^  on  th 

behalf  of  his  only  daughler,  the  support  of  the  Poloponuesus.     It  is  h 

his  family,  and  the  heiress  of  his  kingdom.  middle  of  Greece.     But  t 

She  puts  him  in  mind  of  the  conduct  of  its  being  the  chief  city,  or 

Paris  at  the  court  of  Menelaus ;  and  inti-  than  from  its  local  situatic 

mates  that  iEneas,  like  a  perjidious  robber^  373.    Experta :   having 

wnuld  corry  off  his  daughter  the  first  op-  liini. 

portnriily.  374.  Siare  eontrh:  in  th( 

303.  At  non.     This  is  the  common  read .  375.  Furiale  malum :  tli 

ing.     Mr.  Davidson  re&ds  an  non,     Pkry-  Pererrat:  in  the  scnso  of 

fius  pastor:  Paris.     Penetrat :  in  tho  sense  376.    Excita  ingtntibw 

jt'  inlravil.  mighty  monsters.     The  el 

366.  Tunw.  Ilis  mothcr^s  name  was  Ve-  upon  her  imagination  ma* 
ntVm,  tlie  sister  of  Amata,  the  wife  of  Lati-  sand  monstcrs,  which  at 
nu8.     ile  wos  thereforc  connected  with  the  tracted  her. 

royal    family   of  Latium,     Consanguineo :  377.  Lymphata  *  frontic 

properly,  a  relation  by  blood.  is  thought,  by  most  inter 

368.  Sedcl :  is  resolved  upon.     Statutum  that  kind  of  fury  with  i 

est^  says  Ruseus.  seizcd  who  have  been  bitl 

370.  Dissidet :  in  the  sonse  of  separatur.  and  whose  madness,  whei 
372.  fnachus.     Ile  was  one  of  the  first  height,  is  accompanied  wi 

kings  of  Argos,  and  gavo  his  nome  to  the  ter.  From  lymvha^  watci 
river  noar  that  city.  Acrisitu  was  one  of  yond  bounds — immoderat 
his  defcendants,  and  Ihe  laal  kins  of  At^oa,        378.  Ceu  quondam:  na 


iENElS.    IJB.  Vn. 


411 


eri  magno  in  g^rro  vacua  atria  circimi 
do  exercent.     Ille  actus  habenA 
fertur  spatiia  :  stupet  inscia  turba, 
[uo  manus,  mirata  Yolubile  buxum  : 
no0  plage.     Non  cursu  segnior  illo 
as  urbes  agitur,  populosque  feroces. 
m  in  sylvas,  simulato  numine  Bacchi, 
orsa  nefas,  majoremque  orsa  furorem, 
et  natam  frondosis  montibus  abdit, 
imum  eripiat  Teucris,  tsedasque  moretur  : 
xhe,  fremens ;  solum  te  virgine  dignum 
ts,  etenim  molles  tibi  sumere  thyrsos, 
re  choro,  sacrum  tibi  pascere  crinem. 
i^olat :  furiisque  accensas  pectore  matres 
les  simul  ardor  agit,  nova  quserere  tecta. 
e  domos :  ventis  dant  colla  comasque. 
iremulis  ululatibus  aetliera  complent, 
isque  gerunt  incincte  pellibus  hastas. 
'  mcdias  flagrantem  fervida  pinum 
ac  natffi  Turnique  canit  hymenteos, 
un  torquens  aciem  :  torvumque  repentd 
Ib  matres,  audite,  ubi  qua;que,  Latinie : 
is  animifl  manet  infelicb  Amate 
juris  matemi  cura  remordet ; 

NOTES. 


380 


384.   Regmm    Mgtxat 

«pg  Jiuti  Mgnior  iUo  eanii 
por 


389.    Vociferans    te 

390  ^°^^^:  *olum  effe  dig- 

uum  Timne;    eoM  M- 

mero  mofies  thjrnoftibi, 

lustrare  to 


395 


397.  Rti^ina  ipM  f«f- 
vida  •uiiinet 

400  ^^*  I^L^^^^^atroi, 
audite,  ubi  qu«que  taHM: 
■i  qua  gratia  infelieaa 
AmatiD  manet 


the  twifted  lash,  which  boye,  in- 
ir  sport,  &c.   Dr.  Trapp  obeerveB, 

is  the  perfection   of   elogance. 
n  be  more  finely  described. 
erceni:    in  the  sense  of  agiiant 
rith  the  string. 

rum:  the  boz  wood,  of  which 
nadc — the  top  itself,  by  meton. 
ni  animoi  plaga,  This  is  capable 
anings,  according  as  plagtr.  is  ta- 
!  nom.  plu.  or  the  dat.  siiig.  Dr. 
§ts  on  the  former,  and  renden  it : 
i^ve  (it)  life ;  taking  animoi  in 
t  viiam ;  and  this  again  for  rapi" 
I.  Davidson  objects  to  this,  aiid 
:  latter:  they  give  their  souls  to 

This  is  the  more  elegant,  and 
Dryden  renders  it  thus:  ^*  and 
ittle  souls  to  every  stroke."  Val- 
timoi  in  the  same  sense  with  Dr. 
cync  says,  eonriiatiorem  motum, 
r:  not  less  impetuous  is  the  queen 
er  course  through,  &c. 
ra :  part.  from  ordior^  I  begin  or 
i.  JVuminf  Baeehi:  the  influ- 
xhus  being  pretended.  She  pre- 
»e  under  the  influence  or  impulse 
»d.  Rufeus  takes  numen  in  the 
Hgio^  making  thc  queon  to  fcign 
he  service  or  worship  of  Bacchus. 
,  ander  a  pretence  of  celebrating 
of  Baochus.  Adona :  attempt- 
u:  in  the  ■ense  of  erimen  vel 


388.  HuUamum :  in  the  sense  of  eoiyu 
gitan,     T\tda$ :  in  the  sense  of  nupiioi, 

390.  Eienim,  In  some  editions,  there  ib  a 
full  stop  afler  vociferam.  This  pcrplexes  the 
whole  passage :  whereas,  if  we  make  vect- 
feram  to  govem  the  following  infinitives,  all 
will  be  plain  and  easy.  Rueus,  and  Dr. 
Trapp,  think  they  are  govemed  hyfama  oo- 
lai.  The  eienim^  here,  appears  to  be  exple- 
tive.  ThyriOi,  The  ihyrttu  was  a  kind  of 
spear  wrapped  about  with  vine  and  ivy 
leaves,  which  Bacchus  and  his  retinue  osed 
to  wear. 

391.  Choro,  Some  copies  have  ehorta^ 
others  ehoroi,  The  sense  is,  however,  the 
same  with  either.  The  bacchanals  ased  to 
dance  round  the  image  of  Bacchus.  Sa-' 
erum  iibi,  It  was  a  custom  among  the  Ro- 
mans  and  Greeks,  for  maidens  to  consecrato 
their  hair  to  some  god  or  eoddess;  and 
never  to  cut  it  off  till  jost  before  they  wert 
marriod,  when  they  sospended  it  in  the  tem- 
ple  of  that  deity,  in  honor  of  whom  they 
had  preserved  it.  Luiirare:  in  the  senso 
of  eireumire.  Pateere:  in  the  senao  of 
iervare, 

393.  Teeta :  abodes,  to  wit,  the  woods. 

399.  Torvim:  an  adj.  neo.  taken  as  ao 
adverb;  in  imitation  of  the  Greeks.  Intho 
sense  of  iorvi. 

400.  Latina  matres:  ye  Latin  matroiia 
hear,  wherever  any  of  yoo  bo.  The  refb 
esHs  ia  nndenioo^    UVi:  \ii  ^  wbm  ^ 


i 


412  P-  VIRGILU  MARONI8 

Solvite  ciinales  vittaa,  capite  oi^  ineciiM. 
404.  Aletito  agit  Re-  Talem  inter  sylvas,  inter  deeerla  feraniDi, 
niiam    t&Jem    stimulie  Reginam  Alecto  stimulis  agit  undique  Baei 

TiM  ttt  n6t  acuiMe  pri-  Con^humque  omnemque  domum  vertisse  1 
aioe  Airoree  Awmtm         Protiniis  hinc  fuscis  tristia  Dea  tollitur  alis 

Audacis  Rutuli  ad  muros  :  quam  dicitur  a 
Acrisionels  Dana^  fundftsse  colonis, 
Pnecipiti  delata  Noto  :  locus  Ardua  quom 
Dictus  avis,  et  nunc  magnum  manet  Ardefl 
.   Sed  fortuna  fuit.     Tectis  liic  Tumus  in  al 
Jam  mediam  nigrA  carpebat  nocte  quieteai 
Alecto  torvaro  faciem  et  furialia  membra 
Exuit :  in  vultus  sese  transformat  aoiles, 
£t  frontem  obsccenam  rugis  arat :  induit  a 
Cum  vittd  crines :  tum  raraum  innectit  oli 
Fit  Calybe,  Junonis  anus,  templique  sacei 
410.  EtoffertBeJuveni  Et  juveni  ante  oculoe  his  ee  cum  vocibua  i 
ute  oeoloecum  hie  ver-  Tume,  tot  incassum  fusos  patiere  Ubdree, 

Et  tua  Dardaniis  transcribi  sceptra  colonii 

Rex  tibi  conjugium,  et  quaesitas  sanguine^ 

Abnegat ;  extemusque  in  regnum  quaerili 

I  nunc^  ingi-atis  oifer  te^,  irrise,  periclis  : 

Tyrrhenas,  i,  sterne  acies :  tege  pace  Lat 

4f7.  Adeo  omnipotena  | ja»c  aded  tibi  me,  placidft  cCim  nocte  jaci 

Batumia  ipea  jusjiit  me  ,  ,^^  ^^^  omnipotens  Saturnia  jussi 

lan  hmo  palam  tibi,  cum  A  ^  •       i.  .* 

Quare  age,  et  arman  pubem,  portisque  u 

Lietus  in  arma  para  :  et  Phrygios,  qui  flu 
Conseddre,  duces  pictasque  exure  carinai 

NOTES. 

«07.  Feriisse:  in  the  aenae  of  turbavUst,        A2\.  Futos :  part.of/tit 

410.  Fundasse^  &c.     Danae    founded    a    to  be  thrown  away,  in  vau 
city,  which  slic  called  Ardea  or  Ardua^  most     stood. 

probably  f Voin  it8  high  and  elevated  situa-         422.  Trarucriln :   to  b( 

tion.     Acrisioneis  colonis :  for  her  Grecian  Trojan  colony,     This  wi 

colony.     Acrisioneis :  an  adj.  from  Acrisius^  applied  to  those  persons,  ^ 

tho  name  of  her  father.     See  372,  supra.  cnrollcd  in  order  to   be 

411.  Pripcipiti  noto:    by  a  violent  wind  some  new  colony.     Sucb 
wafted  to  Italy.     Noto :  the  south  wind,  put  od   transcripti,      Hence 
ior  wind  in  gencral.  eignify  /o  transfer, 

412.  Avis:    in  the  ■ense  of  majoribxju,        423.  Conjugiusn :  m\h 
Maf^um  :  great — illustrious.  am^  vcl  nuptias  Lavinia, 

4\2.  Sed  fortuna  fuit,     Most  interpreters         426.  7>g<! :  dcfend — pn 

take  tliis  to  mean  no  more  than  forte^  or  ita  in  their  wars  with  the  Tu 

tvenit :  so  it  was,  or  so  it  happened;  and  from  Tumus,  and  by  hi 

conncct  it  witli  what  follows.     It  happcned  peace.     To  this  circumsti 

so  that  Tumus,  Sic.     Rueus  says,  casus  ita  Iut»ion. 
tulit.     But  tJiis  is  very  flat,  and  makcs  the         430.  Para:  inthescns 

conjunction  sed  a  mcro  oxpletive.     It  is  bet-  in  thc  sensc  of  btllnm. 
tcr  to   refer  il  to  Ardta   just   mcnlioned;         431.    Erure  Phry^os^ 

which,  though  illustrious   and  flourishing,  sometimes  connect  two 

was  now  doonied  to  be  destroyed  by  iEncas;  thc  same  scntence  to  be  g 

taking  fortuna  fuit  in  the  scnse  of  ^n.  ii.  when  strictly  it  can  ajrrct 

325.  whore/M/niiwT^roMi/ut/ //iwin^imports:  only.      Thus,   in   the   pi 

wG  Trojans  oncc  were,  llium  once  was ;  but  agrecs  with  the  pictas  ct 

is  now  no  inorc.  not  nuit  Phryi^os  duces. 

417    Obscfrnam :  filthy — deformed.  Aiit:  destroy  the  Trojan  lead< 

ia  ihe  senae  of  tu2cai,  ^aiutcd  ships. 


.^ 


iBNEia   iJB.  frir. 

tm  Tis  Biftgna  jnbet.     Rex  ipse  Latinus, 
conjugiuni,  et  dkto  parere  ihtetur, 
kti&t,  et  tandem  Tumuin  expehatur  in  armis. 
T^ic  juyenis  vatem  irridens,  sic  orsa  vicissim  436 

tS^wms  refert :  ClaaBee  inv^ictas  Tybridis  alveo, 
I,  ut'  rere,  roeaa  effbgit  nuntiua  aurcs  : 
tantos  miJii  finge  molus :  nec  regia  Juno 
imor  est  nostri. 

te  victa  aitu,  verique  eficeta  senectus,  440 

vnater,  curis  nequicquam  exercet ;  et  arma 

ini  inter,  fiilsi  vatem  formidine  ludit. 
LTm  tibi,  DivAm  effigies  et  templa  tucri : 

viri  pacemque  gerant,  queis  bella  gerenda. 
"Talibus  Alecto  dictis  exarsit  in  iras.  445 

juveni  oranti  sulHtus  tremor  occupat  artus 
iviguere  oculi :  tot  Erinnys  sibilat  hydris, 
itaque  se  &cies  aperit.     Tum  flammea  torquens 
ina,  cunctantem  et  querentem  dicere  plura 
^pulit,  et  geminos  erexit  cnnibus  angues, 
'^rberaque  insonuit,  rabidoque  hsc  addidit  ore : 

!  ego  victa  situ,  quam  veri  efTQPta  senectus 
vma  inter  reguin  fBls4  formidine  ludit. 

licc  ad  haK^ :  adsum  dirarum  k  sede  sororum ; 
manu,  letumque  gero.  466 

Sic  effata  facem  juveni  conjecit,  et  atro 
Jmine  fumantes  fix*t  sub  pectore  taedas. 
"5*^1  somnum  ingens  rupit  pavor :  ossaque  et  artus 
'Mintit  toto  proruptus  corpore  sudor. 
muL  amens  fremit ;  arma  toro  tectisque  requirit      460 
!vit  amor  ferri,  et  scelerata  insania  belli, 
super.  ^  Magno  veluti  cum  flamma  sonore 
suggeritur  costis  undantis  aheni, 
Itantiiue  aestu  iatices :  furit  intus  aquae  %is, 

NOTES. 


4ta 


435.  Hlc  javonii  7\cr- 
ntu  irridens  vatom.  idc 
viciwim  rofert  hae  oraa 
er  ore :  nuntitui  non  ef- 
fngit  meas  aurea.  ut  tu 
rere 

440.  Sed,  O  mater, 
senectaa  victa  situ,  elToi- 
taque  veri 

443.5t/tibicurata«n 
effigies 


449.    Reppulit 
450  cunctantem 

462.  £n !  ego  ium 
victa  nta 


€um 


461.  Amor  ferh^  et 
■celerata  insania  belli, 
■updr  iraMBvit.  Veluti 
cdm  virgoa  flamma 


Fu :  in  the  ■enee  of  potenha,  44B.  Tanta  Jheiet :  so  horrid  an  appear- 

JVt  fatehtr :  unlen  he  consent  to  ra-  anco  of  her  discloeed  itself  to  his  view.  She 

tfae  miich,  and  abide  bj  his  word,  Sic.  displayed  so  terrifie  an  appearance  to  the 

JI<4S6.  Ona :  in  the  senso  of  verba ;  from  astonished  youth,  that  a  sudden  trembling 

t^m  Terb  ordior.  seized  his  limbs,  iic. 

t         440.    Situ.    Situt  properly  signiiies  tho  450.    ReppuHt :    prevented — ^repelled.— 

^  ^ffpulor  or  mustiness  that  grows  upon  old  Erexit:  in  thesense  of  extutit. 

|<.I!¥VBlli  mnd  dark  plaees.     Here  put  for  the  451.  Verltera :  her  lash — whip. 

«  (gray  hairs,)  deformitj,  or  rust  of  457.  Pumantet  atro  tumine :  smoking  with 

age.      Rusras  interprets  it  by  annit<t  gloomy  lighU    Servius  interprets  airo  by 

it  may  be  used  very  well  for  years,  or  /uriali — in/emo. 

•Id  age,  by  meton.    Effctta  is  said  of  a  wo-  459.  Proruptut :  gushing— bunting  frooi 

wmm  who  is  past  child-bearing.     Effctta  veri^  his  whole  booy,  dronched — wet,  &c 

tbon  mean.,  iMrren  qf  truih — one  who  460.  Fremit:  he  raves  for  his  arms.   Ru- 

^rkMoeased  to  speak  the  truth.     Dr.  Trapp  eus  says, /«rve/. 

it,  impotent  oftruth.     Vieta:  on"  462.  Super,    This  is  used  here  in  thesensa 

sd— overcome.  of  intuper :   furth«inore— beside.    It  maj 

449.  Ludit:  in  the  sense  ofdeeipit.     F#-  seem  a  strange  dimaz,  says  Dr.  Trapp,  1« 

n    a  priestess.     Te  w  understood.    Jnier  mention  anger  afler  madness.     The  former 

r^um.    RuBus  says,  tiqter  beUit  re-  relatee  to  the  hurrv  of  his  thoughts  aboat 

Mm.  war  in  general,  and  the  latter  to  hia  own  re- 

Wi6.  OrtmH:  in  thepensa  of  {ofuenliTel  aentment  and  jcHdousy.    FehUi  tte;  aa 

^ieenH.  wlien  a  fire  of  twigs,  wtth  a  great  roariof 


414  P.  VIRGILn  BiARONIS 

Fiimidus  atque  alt^  niuinis  emibenit  amni 

Nec  jam  se  capit  unda  ;  volat  vapor  ater 

4lt7  Ergh  Tumut  in-  Ergo  iter  ad  regem,  poUutA  pace,  Latinui 

dloit    priniis   juvenuin  Indicit  primis  juvenum  :  et  jubet  anna  pa 

licr  ad  rcgem  Tutari  Italiam,  detnidere  finibua  hostem  : 

470.  ^ii  M  veiiiro  m-  Se  satis  ambobus  Tcucrisque  venire  Latii 

tb  ambobut  jjjg^  y^i  dicta  dedit,  Divoeque  in  vota  voi 

Certatim  sese  Rutuli  exhortantur  in  anna 
473.  Egrogium  docui  Hunc  decus  egregium  formn  movet  atquf 
ibnn»  a^ue  juvente  Himc  atavi  reges  ;  hunc  claria  deztera  fii 
""  "'^uM^iuy^  f^^  '  ^"™  Tumus  Rutulos  animia  audacibui 
ISS^i^dlurte»'  inefyia  Alecto  in  Teucroe  Stygiis  se  concitat  alii 
eUrie  fiictii  movei  hunc   Arte  novA  speculata  locum,  quo  litore  pu 

Insidiis  cursuque  feras  agitalmt  IQlus. 
Hic  subitam  canibus  rabiem  Cocytia  vii^ 
Objicit,  et  noto  nares  contingit  odore, 
Ut  cervum  ardentes  agerent :  quae  prima 
Causa  fuit,  belloque  animoB  accendit  agr 
Cervus  erat  fonni  praestanti,  et  coruib 
484.  Quero     raptum  TyrrheidoB  pueri  quem  matris  ab  ubere  r 
ab  ubere  matris   pueri  Nutribant,  Tyrrheusque  pator,  cui  regia 
TyirAe.diBi  nutnbant       Armenta,  et  late  custodia  ciedita  caropL 

48*«.    Cut     custodia  .     .    ^        .  •  ca  i  - 

camiii  lat*  erai  credita.  Assuetum  impenis  soror  omm  Sylvia  cui 

SyWiasoror  eorum  oma-  Mollibus  intexens  omabat  comua  sertis . 

hat  eum  aMQotum  Pectebatque  ferum,  puroque  in  fbnte  lavt 

Hle  manum  patiens,  mensaeque  assuetus  I 
Errabat  sylvis :  rursilsque  ad  limina  noti 

NOTES. 

u  pliced  undcr  tho  Bidos  of  a  boiling  chal-  arms  from  the  ^race  and  < 

dron,  &c.  a  Fccond,  from  a  considi 

464.  Laticrs:  in  thc  Rcnsc  of  aqua.    Ex-  linc  of  royal  anceslorn; 
uUant :   boil  up.     Aqua  vts:    the  foico  or  his  noble  achicvcmenU  a 
powcr  of  liie  wntcr.     Heyno  reads  .^^imi" ;         Atavi  rtgts.     The^e  w 
the  old  gen.  of  aqua,,  aiid  connccts  it  with  in  thc  sense  of  regales 
fumidus  amnis.     The  common  roading   is  ancpstors. 

atiua  vis.  477  Speeulaia:  havinfl 

465.  Pumidus  amnis:   the  stram  or  va-  ©„  what  ehore  bcautiful 
por.     Eruberal :  abouni's— ovcrflows.   No-  arte:  witli  a  new  purpoe 

thing  can  givo  us  a  grnaior  and  more  tcrri-     'm  vicw witli  a  devign 

ble  idea  of  human  rago  and  fierconess,  than  visit  to  Latinus  or  Tun 

the  boiling   of  water  in  a  chaldron.     Dr.  actualiy  kindle  tlie  war. 

Trapp  tliinks  with  Pierius,  that  the  force  of  47 y.  Jnsidiis  :  enarc»- 

eloqucncc  is  here  wonderfully  displayed  in  479,  Cocytia :  hellish  • 

uie  varicty  of  worde  to  oxpress  tho  same  frorn  Cocyiusy  a  fabulous 

^»"g-  41.10.  Ji^oto  odort :  the 

467.  Pace  poUutA.     A  lcague  or  treaty  of    giag. 
I'"acc  was  considered  sacred,  and  ratified  l>y         4<{i^  Ardentes:  eager- 

«olemn  riies  of  roliirjon ;  and  the  violation         a*^*    t»      u    j^     ♦u«  . 

e  ■.  •  ,       r  4    r      1  w  j         45{4.   Ti/rrheidct :  tne  f 

of  it  was  considercu  an  act  of  pollution  and  .  •     «  • 

'^  a   natronymic  noun. 

protanencss.  ,     ',      j*  i    .. 

i-n    V  ii  «i    4  u     •  4  u  r  heruK  ot  Latmus. 

4<0.  Ciati.f  rrnire:  that  he  is  a  match  for 

both,&c.     Vrnire:  in  tlio  sense  of  esse.  '^'•'^-     '^P^riis  :     aut 

472.  Ccrtatim:  cageriy— with  emulalion.  R»»«'»»  takes  assuetum,  i 

!n  arma :  in  tlie  scnse  of  ad  bellum,  cilem. 

47r).  Ilvnc :  one — this  one.  4f^9.  Ferum,     Ferus  ] 

474.  JitaH:  in  Ifje  sense  ofmajores.   Tho  wild  or  savage  animaL 

poet  lier<.*  enunicrates  the  different  incite-  othcr  places  of  Virgil, 

ments  lo  Uie  war.   One  is  induccd  to  tako  up  ono. 


JENEIS.    LIB.  Vn. 


4ia 


m  nert  quamvis  sc  nocte  ferebat. 
:ul  errantem  rabidae  venantis  luli 
re  canes  ;  fluvio  cum  fortc  secundo 

rii)4que  aestus  viridante  levaret. 

eximi»  laudis  succensua  amore 
:urvo  direxit  spicula  comu  : 
c  erranti  Deus  abfuit,  actaque  multo 
3nim  sonitu,  perque  ilia  venit  arundo 

quadrupes  nota  intrii  tecta  refugit, 
ue  gemens  stabulis  ;  questuque  cruentus 
»loranti  similis,  tectum  omne  replevit. 
na  soror,  palmis  percussa  lacertos, 
vocat,  et  duros  conclamat  agrestes. 
\  enim  tacitis  latet  aspera  sylvis, 
adsunt :  hic  torre  armatus  obusto, 
;  gravidi  nodis :  quod  cuique  repertum 
elum  ira  fiicit.     Vocat  agmina  Tyrrheus, 
im  quercum  cuneis  ut  forte  coactis 
»  raptA  spirans  immane  securi. 
.  e  speculis  tempus  Dea  nacta  nocendi, 
ta  petit  stabuli)  et  de  culmine  summo 
canit  signum,  comuque  recurvo 
I  intendit  vocem  *  qui  protinus  omne 
it  nemus,  et  sylve  intonudre  profundas. 
Frivie  iongd  lacus,  audiit  amnis 
lar  albus  aqu&^  fontesque  Velini  ^ 


496 


600 

601.  CrueDtufqoB,  at- 
qae  ■imilii  Lmploraiiti 
opemt  cervtu  replevit 

605     605.    Aepera     pwds 
Jtleeto  latet 

607.  Ilio  armahu  bo> 
dis  gravidi  gtipitb  adtMt: 
ira  facit  id  telum,  quod 
ui  repertum  cuique  ri- 
610  maiiti.  Tyrrheua  apiraDe 
immand,  securi  raptA« 
vocat  agmina,  ut  fert^ 


616 


NOTE8. 


idtt :  in  the  seiue  ofJkMriotiB, 
'uerei  teeundo :  when  by  ohance 
mming  down  the  stream — along 
irrent.     Commovire:  roused  up 
3ving  at  large. 
varei:    allaying — assuaging  the 

vo  eomu :  from  his  bent,  or  elaa« 

t,  Alecto  ia  here  moant.  Deut 
genden.  ErrarUt:  Dr.  Trapp 
ere  is  an  elegancv  in  thia.  He 
>j  hitting  the  animal,  consider- 
nsequencee.  But  he  tliinks  by 
«  to  understand  any  god,  or  for- 
t  commentatore,  however,  take 
its  common  acceptation.  His 
^rring  in  itself,  and  would  have 
not  been  guided  by  the  goddess. 
B  sense  of  tinmtsMi,  vel  impuisa, 
\iu:  in  the  sense  of  tiridore.  It 
Ezing  noise  as  it  cut  the  air. 
9era  petiit:  the  odious  fiend 
But  La  Cerda  understands  it  of 
lich  seized  the  rustics.  This  is 
ral  and  easy,  though  the  sense 

etfl  eoaelit :  witli  wedges  driven 

tau  inamani,    Davidson  undor- 
if  Um  paaaioa  into  whicb  T/r- 


rhcua  waa  thrown,  on  hearing  of  the  deatb 
of  the  stag:  breathing  fury — panting  for 
vengeance.  Dr.  Trapp  understands  it  of  his 
pumng  and  blowing  in  felling  and  splittiog 
timber.  Valpy  is  ox  the  saine  opinion  with 
Davidson. 

514.  Jniendii:  she  swells  her  iufema] 
voice  through  the  crooked  hom.  By  meane 
of  the  hom,  the  sound  was  greatlj  in- 
creased. 

515.  Profimdm  tylvet :  eithcrthe  woods  in 
deep  valleys,  or  the  inmost  ano  thickest  part 
of  the  woods. 

516.  Laeut  Trivimi  the  lake  of  Diana. 
This  was  near  the  city  Aricia^  about  threo 
leagues  from  Laurentum  to  the  north.  llit- 
die^  Lago  di  ^emo, 

517.  JWir.  This  river  rises  in  the  Apen- 
nines,  and  running  in  a  south-westem  di- 
rection,  separating  Umbria  from  the  countiy 
of  the  Sabines,  falls  into  the  Tiber.  Ite 
surface  is  whitened  for  a  consider&ble  dis* 
tance  by  the  foam,  occasioned  by  the  dash* 
ing  of  the  water  against  the  rocks  that  lie 
in  its  bed.  Its  name  is  of  Sabino  origin, 
and  signifies  tulphur^  with  which  the  water 
is  iiiipregnated.  Hodie^  J^Tera.  Foniet  Ve^ 
lini :  tho  river  Ve^inus.  This  river  risoe  ia 
the  country  of  tbc  Sabines^  and  fkviia  \ali» 
tholfar 


416  P.  YIRGILU  MARONIS 

£t  trepidflR  matres  press^re  ad  pectora  m 

619.  Tum  vero  indo-  Tum  verd  ad  vocem  celeres,  quk  buccim 

miti    agricolBD     celerei  dj^  ^^^^^  ^p^^^^  concurrunt  undique  tel 

eoncurrunt  undique,  te-  i^^^^^:^  agricote  :  necnon  et  Troia  pub 

^lg^  Ascanio  auxilium  castns  enundit  apertit. 

Direxere  acies :  non  jam  certamine  agre 

Stipitibus  duris  agitur,  sudibusve  prfleustti 

Sed  ferro  anciphi  decemunt,  atraque  latd 

Horrescitstrictis  seges  ensibus,  sBraque  fii 

Sole  lacesaita,  et  lucem  sub  nubila  jactan 

Fluctus  uti  primo  ccBpit  ciim  albeacere  ti 

Paulatim  sese  tollit  mare,  et  altiibB  undaa 

Erigit,  inde  imo  consurgit  ad  flcthera  fund 

5S1.  Hks  juvenii  Al- j^   Hic  juvenis  primam  ante  aciem  striden 

mon,  qui  fuit  maximus  Natorum  Tyrrhei  fiierat  qui  maximua,  Ai 

^!^^^J^  "*'"  Sternitur  :  hflesit  enim  sub  gutture  vuln» 

Vocis  iter,  tenuemque  inclusit  sanguine  f 

635.  Multa  corpora  Corpora  multa  viriim  circ&  :  seniorque  C 
▼irdm  ttemuntur  circa  Dum  paci  medium  se  ofTert,  justissimus  « 
iihm:  seniorque  Gcl»-  QuJ  fuj^  Ausoniisque  olim  ditissimus  ani 
mm  siermiur  quoque        Qui„que  greges  illi  balantikn,  quina  redi 

Armenta,  et  terram  centum  vertebat  anH 

Atque,  ea  per  campos  aequo  dum  Ma« 

Promissi  Dea  iacta  potens,  ubi  sanguina; 

Imbuit,  et  primaa  commisit  funera  pugiui 

Deserit  Hesperiam,  et  cceli  convexa  per*) 

Junonem  victrix  afiatur  voce  superbA  : 

645.  EiidiBcordiapor-  En  perfecta  tibi  bello  discordia  tristi! 

focta  ett  tibi  j)j^.^  j^j  amicitiam  cocant,  et  foedera  jung 

647.  Dic  iUit^  ni  co-  Quandoquidem  Ausonio  respersi  sanguin 

^^^  Hoc  etiam  his  addam,  tua  si  mihi  certa  v 

NOTES. 

6t2U.  Indomiti:  nido,unpoIished,countr7-        538.    Redibani:    retui 

men,  &c.  from  pasture.     He  had  fl 

622«  Effundit :  in  the  sense  of  mUlU,  and  five  herds  of  catUe. 

5^    Direxere  aeies:    they  arrangcd  tlie         540.    ^quo  Marte,    * 

lines.     They  drew  up  tlieir  respective  forces  that  the  Iom  was  equal 

in  ordcrof  bottle.    JVbn  agitur  agresti:  they  tho  slain  waa  on  the  pait 

do  not  now  engage  in  rustic  fight,  with,  &c«  Donatus  ezplains  it  by 

jigitnr :  in  the  senfi^  of  pugnatur.  AscensiuR,  by  aquo  et  pi 

525.  Ancipiii  ferro :  with  the  two-edged  ing,  that  the  field  of  batl 
pword.  Rua;u8  says,  ef?x6m  g/a</tt«,  alluding  level  spot  of  ground.  It 
to  tho  issun  of  the  content.  Jitra  sege* :  a  fer  to  the  fight  itself ;  wl 
dircful  field  (crup)  of  drawn  swords  waves  yet  equal ;  or  it  was  m 
afar,  &c.  The  prep.  i  is  undenttood  bcfore  «ide  the  victory  would  ti 
9triclis  ensibus.  541.  Dea  facta  poteni 

526.  w&Va  .*  brazen  armor ;  plu.  of  at :  ing  accomplinhed  her  pi 
brass.     Aiiy  thing  made  of  braM  may  be  the  sense   of  eompos, 
calicd  cps^  vel  otra.  rendora  it,  by  field  of  wi 

633.  yulnm:  the  wound;  here  put,  by  is  its  meaning  in  this 
moton.  for  tlie  wounding  inatrument — the  Btained  the  field  of  bat 
arrow.  Udit  Vocit.  The  voice  ia  here  call-  had  then  fulfiUed  hcr  eni 
ed  humid,  because  it  paesea  through  a  moist  542.  Funera :  in  th 
or  humid  pawsage.  The  same  aa  udum  Uer  Committit :  in  the  eenaa 
wcit.  543.  Convexa :  in  th« 

634.  IiulutU:  in  the  aeoae  of  obttruxU.  544.  Vietrix:  victoik 

636.  Medium  pati :  %  m«d\iU>t  ef  ^oafia.  ber  objoet. 


^NEIS.    LIB.  Vil.  417 

in  bella  feram  rumoribus  urbes, 
!iic|ue  aiuinos  insani  Martis  amore,  550 

ut  auxilio  veniant :  spargam  arma  per  agros. 
tr&  Juno:  Torrorum  et  fraudis  abunde  est: 
[i  causae :  pugnatur  commiis  armid. 

prima  dedit,  sanguis  novus  imbuit  arma. 
mubia  et  tales  c^ilebrent  hymenKos  556 

1  Vcneris  genus,  et  rex  ipse  Latinus.  666.«£neM,egr»gfQin 

sthereas  errare  licentius  auras  pnu»  Venerit,  et    r«f 

^    •  I*.  ^      ^\^  Latinuf  ipM  celebrent 

«r  iijse  veht  summi  regnator  Olympi.  ^^3     ,F^^,     j^^ 

is.     Ego,  si  qua  super  fortuna  laborum  est,  i^     regnator    Mummi 

iir.     Tales  dederat  Satumia  voces :  560  Olympi    huud   vc.it   «• 

1  attoUit  stridentes  anguibus  alas,  errare 

e  petit  sedem,  supera  ardua  linquens. 

us^  Italis  in  medio  sub  montibus  aJti 

't  rain&  multis  memoratus  in  oris^ 

valles  :  densis  hunc  frondibus  atrum  565     565.  JVVm/i«  valleff  am* 

in<iue  latus  nemoris,  medioque  fragosus  lancti.    Latue  nemoriis 

..».  »«»;»  A*  ^r^^^  «^^i^^  *r..».««  atrum  densis   frondibus 

um  saxis  et  torto  vortice  torrens.  «w-««  u i^    -.  ..•  • 

,  ,  .         •      .         1     XX'. •  urgot  hunc  loeum  utnn 

js  horrendum,  et  saevi  spiracula  DiUs  que,  medioque  ejus 

tur :  ruptoque  ingens  Acheronte  vorago, 

aperit  fauces :  queis  condita  Eiinnys,  570     570.  In  que*a  Erinnjre, 

lumen,  terras  cculumque  levabat.  inviium  nuiron.  condita 

inus  interell  extremam  Saturnia  bello 
egina  inanum.     Ruit  omnis  in  urbem 

ex  acie  numerus :  caesosque  reportant, 

NOTES. 

ore  iruttnu     Raams  takee  thie  for  on  which  it  breake,  for  the  thickneM  of  tbe 

re  Martis^  by  hypallage.    But  in-  mist  that  risee  from  it ;    which  looke  at  a 

a  epithet  higtily  applicable,  and  distance   like   cloud*  of  «moke,  aacending 

Marii,  or  war ;  where  nottiing  but  from  some  vaat  Aimace ;  and  distila  in  per- 

mad  fury  reign.  petual  rains  on  all  the  placea  near  it.   He  ob- 

na:  in  the  monBe  of  belUu  ■erves,  that  thia  waa  the  most  proper  plac« 

ntu   sanf^tM :    new   Tor   recent)  in  the  world  for  a  fury  to  make  her  exit,  afler 

■tained  the  arma,  whicn,  &c.  The  she  had  filled  a  nation  with  diiitractioiia  and 

Jee  to  the  blood  which  had  been  alarms ;    and,  I  believe,  continues  hv,  that 

!  recent  or  late  encounter.     Fors :  every  reader^i  imagination  !■  plvased,  when 

•rtune.  />etftl;offered»preecnted.  he  ■ees  the  angry  goddese,  thus  unking  aa 

ie  loexM :  depart  from  the  places  it  were  in  a  tempeet,  and  plnnfflng  her^elf 

er  world.    Ttie  eartli  i»  called  the  into  hell  amidst  such  a  ecene  of  horror  and 

ethereal  regiona,  in  opposition  to  confusion.     This  cascade  in  Itear  tho  middle 

1  regions,or  regionsof  darkness.  of  Italy.     Amaanehu:  of  t)ieoldaiN;;Ai,and 

The  parts  of  the  verb  are  sepa-  saeer  vel  tanehu, 

lesiM.     Fortuna  laboruM:  Ru»us         557.  Torlovortiet:  withiU  whirlingeddy 

imen  in  koe  negotto,  Fragosus :  roaring  among  th«  rut  ks. 
ces:  m  the  sense  of  verha,  .^o    o  •        1-41.  r     < 

.UU:  in  the  sense  ofexplieai.  She        ^*  S^racula :  m  the  se»  of  osUa. 

preads  her  wings  hissing,  &c.  ^  ^69.  Ingens  vwago:  a  vart  jfulf  iMuing 

ptra  ardua:  the  lofty  places  of  ^^    overflowing    Acheron— Iroin    Ache- 

world.     Loea  being  understood.  «>ni  having  burst  its  barriers.     jirkeron,  a 

\Us  AmsantH.    Commentators  are  n^e'  «^  *>«1I  •   ^•^  ^«11   itself-lhe  infer- 

about  the  situaUon  of  this  place.  «^  deiUes.     Davidson  take»  it  absolutdy 

»D  ia  of  opinion  that  the  Velinus,  ^»^  "fP'»« 

517,  is  the  place  which  the  poet        570.  Condita :  beingbid — siink.  Levahai: 

riew.    The  river,  says  he,  is  ez-  relieved  them  from  her  presence,  by  disap- 

nd  beibre  its  fall,  and  rushes  down  pearing  from  these  npyer  regioni».     HeyiM 

:  a  hundred  yards  high.  It  throws  says,  linquebat. 
tbe  holiow  roc«,  wiicn  nas  pro-        572.  Sethtmia  rtgtms^:  Jtino,  the.  daugh- 

wom  by  such  a  constant  faU  of  ter  of  Satum,  and  wile  of  Jove.      H«ae% 

ii  impoanblo  to  see  the  bottom,  sometimes  stytod  th«  ^uma  q£  \)^<a  tfi^^ 

28 


«18  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Almonem  puerura,  fbedatique  ora  (xalssi, 

Implorautque  Deos,  obtestanturque  LatinuiK 

Tumus  adest,  medioque  in  crimine  cedis  eC 

67ft.  QuertoirTeucrof  Terrorem  ingeminat :  Teucrosque  in  regna 

'octri  Stirpem  admisceri  Phrygiam  ;  se  limine  pell 

679.  Admiicen  I'a/*-/f  um,  quorum  attonitae  Baccho  nemora  avia 

680.  Tum  tl/i,quorum  Insultant  thiasis,  neque  enim  leve  nomen  Ai 
mairw  attonit»  Baocho  Undique  collecti  coeunt,  Martemque  frtigan 
•niiultaiit  thiaufl  per        Ilic^t  infandum  cuncti  contra  omina  bellum, 

Contra  fata  Deftm,  perverso  nomine  poecuni 
Certatim  regis  circumstant  tecta  Latini. 
Ille,  velut  pelagi  rupes  inmiota,  resistit : 
Ut  pelagi  rupes,  magno  veniente  fragore, 
668.  QuiB  tenet  lese  Que  sese,  multis  circumlatrantibus  undis, 
tua  mole,   magno  fra-  M oie  tenet :  scopuli  nequicquam  et  spumet 
ion  proeeUie  venienie     ^^^^  fremunt,  laterique  Ulisa  refunditur  algi 

Veriim  ubi  nulla  datur  cscum  oxsuperare  p 
Consiiium,  et  saevae  nutu  Junonis  eunt  rea : 
Multa  Deos,  aurasque  pater  testatus  inanes, 
Frangimur  heu  fatss,  inquit,  ferimurque  proi 
596.  O  miaeri !  vot  Ipgi  has  sacrilego  pendetis  sanguine  poenas, 
ipei  pendetie  haa  q  miseri  !  Te,  Turne,  nefas,  te  triste  mand 

Supplicium ;  votisque  Deos  venerabere  sen 
Nam  mihi  parta  quies,  omnisque  in  limine  | 

NOTES. 

575.  Ora:   in  the  senie  of  eapui ;   and  589.  ScopiUi:  properly  hij 

fadalin  in  tho  senso  of  oceiti :  or  ora  fttdati  Saxa :  any  rociLB — rocks  in  \ 

Gaiati,  inay  mcon  nimply  Ihe  body  of  Gala»-  590,  jjig^   nn^  .    t},e   m 

0UB,  manpled  and  dibfigured  with  woundt.  against  itn  sidos  ie  repelled,  1 

577.  Medio  crimine^  &c,     By  crimen  here         -q-    r--.^.-. .  ;»  *Ko  .^m^ 
,     .  ^    ,,      .         •'•      .     j    .u  591.  Cart/m;  m  tne  senfli 

we    aro    undoubtedly    to    undcrstand    the 

chargc   or    accusation,   which    Uio    rustics         ^^*^*  ^m'^''^  mwta :    ha 

brouglit  againsl  tho  Trojans,  for  tho  dealh  «ought  tlie  gode  and  skie» 

of  Almon  and  GaloMus.      While   thcy  are  ^*»cm   to   witncss.    M^dta : 

making  tho   accusation,  in  medio  crimine^  multian,  vel  sape.     Inanes 

Turnu»  conius  up,  and  increases  tlie  alarm.  aerem^  says  Rusub.     Mum 

Dr.  Trapp  takcs  it  for  tho  crinic  of  murdor  hcavcnB,  as  the  word    *rej 

Bimply  ;  and  Ruwub  intcrpreU  it  by  in  wic-  l^f-  Trappthmka  it  should  l 

dio  cadaverum.  ^  accordmgly,  he  connects  tn 

580.  JIUonitiE:    inspircd— under   the   in-  vain  oriiflcIcsB  altar»;  bccw 

aucnce  of.     Rucub  8ay8,;>tfrci7a.  ^'''ch  had  bcen  made  m  dc 

5»1.  himUant   thiatU :    leap    and    danco  was  broken.      But  Davida 

m  choirs  throuj^h  the  pathlcBs  groveB.     For  agrrcmg  with  pater^  m  the 

//tMWM,  RuteuH  paya  ckortis,     Nomen  :    iu-  >«  vain— to  no  purpose ; 

fluence— authority.  '^  »»  the  readmg  of  some 

582.  Fati^ant:  in  the  Bense  of  posmnt,  ^I<*y"o  rcads   inanes  agre 

Martcm  :  war.  Valpy  and  La  Cerda  do  th 

683.  Omina.     ThcBO  were  the   flight    of  connccU  tnane*  with  /rani 
0PC8   and  ficry  appearance  about  Lavinia.         595.  Sacrilego  sanguine 

Soc  64,  Hupra  et  Bequcns.  their  blood  Bacrilegious,  I 

584.  Fala :  thesc  wero  the  responBCB  of  compelled  hini  to  the  wai 

LiO  Oraclo  of  Faunus.      Perrerso  numine,  of  tho  gods. 
Ruieus  take»  this  in  the  Bense  of  contra  vo-        596.  J^efas:  an  impioue 

luntatem    Dtorum :    tho  will   of  thc   gods  As  iEn.  ii.  585.     Or  it  mi 

hcing    agniiist   it.      Heyno  is  of  the  Baino  senBC  of tn/Vim/txm,  agreoin( 

opinion.     Prrrfrso:  in  ihc  scnse  of  adrerso.  Rurcus  intorprett»  it  by  n 

6U7.  Fra^ore:  in  the  Bonse  of  tempfstate.  rendcrs  il:  •'  the  impious 

580    Cireumlatrantilmt :   in  the  Bense  of  war,*'  in  appoBition  with  ! 
06niiMi0fMm/t6iM.  '^sa,  Aam  quiei:  for  re 


ANEIS.    LIB.  VU.  il# 

^Kci  spolior.     Nec  plura  locutus, 
tectu,  rerumque  reliquit  habenas.  600 

"at  Hesperio  in  Latio,  qucm  protinilkB  urbea 
;olu6re  sacnim,  nunc  maxima  rerum 
lit,  cdun  prima  movent  in  pra^lia  Martem 

s  inibrre  manu  lachrymabile  bellum,  C04.  Siva  pannl  ibm- 

ve^  Arabisve  parant ;  seu  tcndere  ad  Indos,         nu  inferrs 
que  sequi,  Parthosque  reposcere  signa.         606 
lins  belli  portfle,  sic  nomine  dicunt, 
e  sacrs;,  et  ssvi  formidine  Martis : 

erei  claudunt  vectes,  a^ternaque  ferri  ^*' 

nec  custos  absistit  limine  Janus.  610 

certa  sedet  patribus  sententia  pugnas ;  611.  Ubi  certa  lentMi- 

rinali  trabeft  cinctuque  Gabino  tia  pugne  sedet  patri- 

reserat  stHdentia  limina  consul ;  ^!*''  ^^'"r^l  ^T  J"^^!* 

.  .^       .  ^       '     ,  Quinnali  trabe4,  Gabft- 

X  pugnas :  sequitur  tum  castera  pubes,  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^  ^ 

assensu  conspirant  comua  rauco.  615  «or/ai,  (i.  e.)  stridentia 

im  ifineadis  indicere  bella  Latinus  umina 

dbatur,  tristesque  recludere  portas. 

NOTES. 

ij  whole  haven  ii  at  the  door.  U8  that,  overawed  bj  the  fame  of  Auguftui^ 

fine  metaphor.      The   weathor-  they  made  peace  with  him,  and  presented 

iner  enten  the  haven  with  joy.  him  with  rich  giAa,  while  he  tarried  at  Sm^ 

£e  of  rest   and  quiet,  from   the  mo«,  in  Aiia,  alK>ut  the  year  734.     Tendere 

the  ocean.    So  the  aged  monarch  ad :  to  march  against  the  Indians,  and  lo 

h  at  the  door,  aa  the  end  of  hu  penetrate  the  remotest  parts  of  the  east,  m* 

M  a  rest  from  his  cares  and  labom.  qui  auroram, 

B  is  the  satisfaction  bf  leaving  his  606.  Parthot  repotcere :  to  demand  back 

«aoe  and  prosperity.  the  standards  from  the  Parthians. 

ketuu  reruM ;  the  reins  of  govem-  608.  Reliigume  :  religious  veneration. 

aelaphor,  taken  from  the  manage-  609.  Veete*  eUemaque :  a  hundrcd  brazen 

nMa,  with  bit  and  reins.  5<pn/ :  in  bars,   and   etemal   strength  .of  iron,  shat 

1*  eUnuii,  them. 

ff  erol.    This  custom  was  institu-  610.   Janus,    This   is  said  because  ihm 

time  of  Numa,  as  we  are  told  by  statue  of  Janus  was  in  the  threshold ;  or  b*- 

,  for  the  sake  of  embellishmont,  cause   he   presided  over  all   doors,  whieh, 

fers  the  origin  of  it  to  the  earliest  from  him,  were  called  januft,     Janus  wia 

country.    Proiiniu  :  constantly.  the  most  ancient  king  of  Italy.     Some  sap* 

s,  perpehA,  pose  him  to  have  been  Japhet,  the  son  ol 

Siire:  in  the  sense  ot  iertaverunt,  Noah.     See  EcL  iv.  6.    He  was  represenl- 

le  worid.  ed  with  two  faces. 

vent  Martem.    We  are  told  that  611  Pugwt:  in  the  sense  of  belli,    Sen^ 

as  osed,  upon  the  declaration  of  ientia:  determination ;    and   Mtdet:   in  tho 

itor  the  tcmple  of  Mars,  where  sense  of  haret,     Uat,    This  raust  refer  to 

bucklers  were  suspended,    and  portas  understood.    But  it  would  seem  quito 

n  them,  with  the  words :    Mart  unnecossary.     The  idea  is  sullicicntly  con* 

«  awake.    Hence  the  expression,  voyed  by  Hmina  ttridentia^  which  i:*  to  bo 

triem:  in  the  sense  of  exeitani  placed  in  this  eane,  in  apposition  with  ha» 

portat,     RuieuB  takes  limina  in  tho  Bonse  of 

fu.    Tbe  Get«  were  a  people  of  eardinet^  but  this  seems  a  refinenicnt  uniie- 

r  tlie  mottth  of  the  Danube.    The  ccssary.     He  says,  hat  (portas)  et  earum 

L.  CrasBUS  triumphed  over  them,  ttrideniet  cardinct,    Hcyne  and  V^alpy  tako 

Cho  time  of  Virgil.  them  as  raeaninff  the  saine  thing — Uie  doora 

reanit.    Hyrcania  was  formerly  of  the  temple  of  Janus. 

larthia.    Against  them,  as  a  dis-  612.  Quirtrux/t  trabed:  with  his  augural 

lOv  tfao    Romans  did  not  dcclare  robe.    So  called,  because  worn  by  Roniulusi, 

10  jear  of  Rome  730,  Augiistus  who  wtM  also  called   ^uirinut.     See  167, 

tfae  sabjugation  of  the  Arabians,  supra.     Gabino  cinetiu     This  drcns  ScTviua 

4  iu  H.    Tndot.    It  is  well  known  derives  from  Gabii,  a  city  of  Latium.    ^«^ 

imiiiio  mado  ho  eonquests  in  In-  Lez.  under  cineiut, 

ff  M^oilbd:    Bnf '  ISoii  iaihnDM  617.  Recludert :  to  o^  tbo  ^tu\  diQot^ 


%«|  P.  VIRGILU    MARONIS 

Abstinuit  tactu  pater,  aversusque  refugit 
F(Bda  ministcria,  et  CKcis  se  condidit  umbr 
OfO.    Tum   Bmtuniia  Tum  regina  DeCim,  ccelo  delapsa,  morantei 
resiua  DeOm,  dalapsa,  Jmpulit  ipsa  manu  portas,  et,  cardine  verso 
«bIo,  ipn  g^ji'  ferratos  rupit  Saturnia  postes. 

Ardet  inexcita  Ausonia  atque  immobilia 
Pars  pedes  ire  parat  campis ;  pars  arduiis 
Pulverulentus  equis  furit :  omnes  arma  req 
Pars  leves  clypeos  et  spicula  lucida  tergunl 
Arvin&  pingui,  subiguntque  in  cote  secures 
Signaque  fcrre  juvat,  sonitusque  audire  tub 
Quinque  aded  magnas  positis  incudibus  urb 
tt9.  Aded  qninquo  Tela  novant :  Atina  potens,  Tiburque  supc 
nucns  orbes  Ardea,  Crustumerique,  et  turrigenE  Anten 

Tegmina  tuta  cavant  capitum,  flectuntque  i 
Umbonum  crates :  alii  thoracas  ahenos, 
Aut  leves  ocreas  iento  ducunt  argento. 
Vomeris  huc  et  falcis  honos,  huc  omnis  an 
Cessit  amor ;  recoquunt  patrios  fomacibm 
Classica  jamque  sonant :  it  bello  tessera  si 
Hic  galeam  tectis  tiepidus  rapit :  ille  frenM 

NOTES. 

The  doon  of  the  temple  of  Janus  were  open  bo :   the  fmrtheet  projectii^ 

fn  time  of  war,  but  shut  in  time  of  peace.  shield ;  hy  ■ynec  put  for  t 

Immediatelv  on  the  declaration  of  war,  the  Theee  fnunet  were  made  o| 
oonsul,  with  much  parade  and  solemnitj,        634.  Dueunt :  in  the  sii 

opened  them.      What  is  said  here  on  the  Levti  ocreat :  smooth  greav 

Kuhject,  i»  by  anticipation.    Jubebaiur :  ia  ver.     These  were  armor  H 

uFjETed — importuned.  thighs. 

6-22.  Pustrs.     Postis^  properly,  the  door-         635.  HonoM  vomeris :  thf 

post,  or  that  part  of  ihe  fraine  to  which  the  of  the  ploughshare  and  of  tl 

door  is  hunjr.     Also,  the  door  itsclf,  by  nio-  gives  placc  (At<r)  to  tho  prep 

ton.  and  all  the  love  of  the  plou| 

624.  Pars  arduus :  a  part  raisod  on  lof\y  They  are  so  intcnt  upon  w 

sitceds,  involvcd  in  clouds  of  dust,  rage  for  regard  the  business  of  agiii 
war.      Thc  mcaning  of  the  passage  is  :   a         636.  Reeoquunt :  they  f 

part  prcpare  to  take  the  field  as  infantry,  make  over  again. 
(jtedites^)  a  part  as  cavalry.  637.  Tesserasignum:  the 

627    Arvina  :  tallow — any  fat.  for   war,   goes   torlh.      Tl 

629.  Vrbes :  the  cities  ;  by  meton.  the  in-  figure  like  a  dice,  on  whi 
babitants.  fruudibus  posilis :  on  their  ercct-  the  watchword  or  privata 
ed  anvils,  or  thcir  anvils  being  crccted.  they  could  distinguish  frie 

630.  JVoi'ant  tela  :  they  repair  their  wea-  battle.  Or,  according  to  ( 
pons.  Atina :  a  city  of  the  Volsci.  Tibur  :  cd  the  order  and  rcgulatic 
this  was  a  city  in  the  northem  part  of  Lati-  This  was  distributed  an 
um,  near  the  cataract  of  the  river  Anien,  Hencc  the  phrase  :  it  testt 
It  was  situated  near  tlie  top  of  a  mountain.  ward  given  viva  vocL  C< 
Henco  the  epithct  tuperbum,  Hodie^  Tri-  pcts.  The  tuba  was  a  stra 
voli.  comua^  a  crooked  trumc 

631.  Ardea.  This  was  the  capital  of  the  horn.  They  were  also  cau 
Rutuli.  See  372,  and  410,  supra.  Crus-  lituut  was  a  trumpet  not 
tumeri :  this  was  a  city  situated  not  far  from  tuba^  nor  so  crooked  aa  tJ 
the  place  where  Rome  was  afierward  built.  cum^  properly,  the  souni 
Little,  however,  is  known  of  it  Antemnce:  the  trumpet  itself,  by  meti 
a  cily  near  the  conflucnce  of  the  rivers  Ani-  639.  TrUicem  auro,  T\ 
tn  and  THber.  composed  of  plates  of  iw 

633.  Cratet  umbonum,     These  were  the  by  rings.     Some  of  thei 

fupporters  or  frames  of  the  shields,  made  of  bordered  in  the  lower  6] 

osien,  or  small  pieces  of  wood,  and  afler-  tissue  of  two  or  three  teil 

irard  coFered  with  the  Vudes  of  beaiU   Utn^  cordingly  called  biHx^  trii 


4 


iBNEIS.    LIB.  YU.  481 

[uos  ;  clypeumque,  auroque  trilicem  639.  Indulturqoe  ol?« 

,  fido<iue  accingitur  ense.  640  P«»«*  loricamqu«  trili- 

!ielicona,  Deae,  cantusque  movete  :  641    O   Dem    Mum 

eges  :  quse  quemque  secuts  paudite 

)OS  acies  :  quibus  Itala  jam  tum  642.  Qui  re^  exdti 

ma  viris,  quibus  arserit  annis.  futrint ;  qu»  acies 

im,  Div»,  et  memorare  potestis:       645     ^?-  Quibui  vini  jam 

c  I  1.-4  tum  It&la,  alma  terra 

i  famaB  perlabitur  aura. 

Ilum  Tyrrhenis  asper  ab  oris  648.  Asper  Muzentinn, 

im  Mezentius,  agminaque  armat  contemptor  DivAm,  pri- 

l«ausus  :  quo  pulclirior  alter  "'i^i"*^!  •    isi-     t 

,  V.^       ^  rn       '  e*tLi\      649.  Huic  niius  Laa- 

)  Laurentis  corpore  Turni  :  650  ,„,  tequiiur  juxta,  quo 

)mitor,  debellatorque  fcrarum,  652.  Ducit  mille  Viroe 

equicquam  ex  urbe  secutos  ■ecutos  eum  nequicquam 

ms  patriis  qui  lastior  esset 

►ater  liaud  Mezentius  esset.  ^..   « 

I    A  _         fre      o55.  Poet  hoff  pulcher 

nem  palmA  per  gramma  currum,      656  ^^^„^„„,^   ,^J        ,. 

ntat  equos,  satus  Hercule  pulchro  chro  Hercule,   ostcnUt 

js ;  clypeoque  insigne  paternum,  currum  inaignem  palroi 

cinctamque  gerit  serpentibus  bydram :        657.  Clypeoquo  gerit 

vl v A  qiiem  Rhea  sacerdos  P*?™"I?  inrigne,  nai^e 

'  1    1       •   •       1-  ]•.  t^eyr^      659.  Quem  Rhea  aa- 

ub  lummis  edidit  oras,  660^^^^    „„,.„     ^i^ 

r  :  postquam  Laurentia  victor,  De©,  partu  edidit  ftirti- 

S  Tirynthius  attigit  arva,  rum  eab  oraa  iuminis 

NOTES. 

Chanots   were  anciently        653.  Dignuiy  &c.    This  linc  ie  sonrewhat 

diatinguished  persons.  perplczcd.     The  usual  ordo  is,  dignut  qut 

n  the  sense  of  induit.  esset  Itrtior^  &c.     It  would  be  easier  by  trana- 

.  Greek  acc. :  a  mountain  position  thus  :  quiettet  dignut  {fuitte)  Utti»r^ 

y  the  muses.     The  poct  &C. :  who  waa  worthy  to  have  been  happier 

liad.  lib.  ii.  both  in  this  in  his  father^s  authoritv.     It  was  in  obedl- 

tho  enumeration  of  the  enco  to  his  father  that  he  caroe  to  the  war. 

1  princes.     Biit,  in  seve-  If  he  had  not  bcen  constrained,  he  would 

has  iroproved  upon  his  have  tarried  at  home,  shunned  the  toils  and 

dangers  of  the  war,  and  by  that  means  have 

i:  asmall  breathof  fame,  saved  his  life.      He  was  worthy   to  have 

tndor  thread  of  tradition  lived.     Rueus  interprets  imperiit  hy  regno^ 

n  to  us.  implying  that  he  deserved  to  be  happier  iii 

:e-— cruel.  his  father^s  kingdom — ^to  have  remained  al 

We   are  told  that  he  home,  and,  by  that  means,  saved  his  life 

>jects  to  pay  him  a  tax  of  Cui :  to  whom  Mezentius  ought  not  to  liavo 

d  the  firstUngs  of  thcir  becn  a  father;    who  could  have  impoeed 

'e  were  given  to  the  gods.  such  commands  upon  a  son. 
)  was  considered  an  athe-        657.  Pulcher,     Dr.  Trapp  thinks  this  can- 

m,    The  poet  here  gives  not  here  mean  beautiful ;  but  rather  stout, 

M  engaged  on  the  part  of  illustrious,  renowned;  as  the  same  word  is 

applied  to  Hcrcules,  his  father.     Patemum 

9  dative  of  the  pcrsonal  intigne  :    his   father*s  ensign,  or  improM. 

iscd  in  the  sense  of  the  This  was  the  figure  of  the  conquered  hydra, 

n  the  sense  of  hujiu.  shooting  up  into  a  hundrcd  heads. 
mi :  a  Grecism,  for  Tur-        660.    Edidit  partu :    brought  forth  at  a 

birth  into  life,  &c. 

an  tidj.  from  ^rgylia^  a        661.   Mixta:   uniting — ^mingling  with— 

ear  the  confines  of  Lati-  having  intcrcourse  with.     Hercules,  aiterhe 

ied  by  a  colonj  of  Thcs-  had  slain  Geryon,  the  king  of  Spain,  and 

am  :  in  vain,  bocauso  he  takcn  his  herds,  rcturned  with  them  tlirough 

the  war  with  his  troop»  :  Italy.     1t  was  at  this  time,  thkt  the  priestosa 

nld  not   prevent  tlieroby  Rhca  conceived  Avenlmus,  and  aAcrward 

he  goda  concerning  the  borc  him  to  that  hero. 

662.  Tir^nlkiyu  *   %  li«xa«  ot  l^vctnX^ 


m  P.  VUlGILn  MABONIS 

Tyrriiennque  boves  in  fiumine  kfit  Ibem 

M4.  Mlj%u  miHUt  g^  Pila  manu,  8ae?osque  genint  in  bella  doioi 

*<^  £t  tereti  pugnant  mucrone,  veruque  Sabe 

Ipse  pedes,  tegmen  torquens  immane  leon 

Terribili  impexum  setl,  ciun  dentibus  alfai 

Indutus  capiti :  sic  regia  tecta  subibat 

Horridus,  Herculeoque  humeros  inoezus  i 

870.  Tnm  gemiiii  fra-      Tum  gemini  fratres  Tiburtia  moenia  lin 

tm,  Catillaaque,  ac«r-  Fratris  Tiburti  dictam  cognomine  gentem 

que  Com,  Argiva  ju-  Catillusque,  acerque  Coras,  Argiva  juvea 

▼mtne      quunt  £^  primam  ante  aciem  denaa  inter  teb  tm 

Ceu  duo  nubigenae  ciim  vertice  montis  ab 

Descondunt  Centauri,  Omolen  Qthrynque 

Linquentes  cursu  rapido  :  dat  euntibus  iii| 

Sylva  locum,  et  magno  cedunt  virgulta  fit 

«78.  Nec  C»culuafun-      Nec  Prsenestins  fundator  defuit  urbis ; 

dator  PrtEneitin»  urbb  Vulcano  genitum  pecora  inter  agrestia  m 

defuit ;     quem    regem  t         *  r    •  ^  j-j** 

omnii  ctot  credidit  ge-  Inventumque  focis,  ofnnis  quem  credidit  e 

nitum  use  Caeculus.     Hunc  legio  late  comitatur  agii 

682.  Quique  viri  co-  Quique  altum  Preneste  viri,  quique  arva: 

lunt    altum    Praneete,  Junonis.  gelidumque  Anienem,  et  roscidi 

^"ioc*  r?.!"**!,' :  /1  Hemica  saxa  colunt :  quos,  dives  Anagni 

pater  Amaeene;    Arma  Quos,  Amasene  pater.     Non  ilbs  omnibv 
non  tuni  omoibae  Nec  cljrpei  currusve  sonant :  pars  maxin 

NOTE8. 

troi&  T)fnru^  a  citj  near  Argoe,  wbere  he  had  verj  amall  ejee,  aa  1 

was  brought  up.  Ue  waa  very  ambitious, « 

663.  T)frrheno  Jlumine :  the  river  Tiber,  er  of  a  colony.    He  preti 
which  divided  Tuscany  or  Etruria  from  La-  the  son  o£  Vulcan,  and  t) 
tium.     Iberas  bocet :  his  Spanish  herds.  Ibe-  of  his  father^s  fire   had 
ras :  an  adj.  from  Ibertu^  a  rivor  of  Spain.  He  huilt  the  city  Prfgn» 
Hodie^  Ebro.  mountain.     Hence  caUet 

664.  Dolones,  These  wero  long  poles  or  about  24  miles  from  Ron 
battoons,  with  bayonclB  enclosed  at  the  end,  680.  Invenium  focis : 
which  wcre  hardly  to  be  observed.  Hcnce  hearth.  He  was  Uierefo 
thoy  wero  called  dolones^  from  dolus^^  being  of  Vulcan.  The  verb  ea 
a  kind  of  deceitful  woapon.  derstood. 

665.  Veru,     This  waa  a  kind  of  dart  used  682.  Oabina  Junonis. 
by  the  Sabines  and  Samnites.     Henco  the  "'<>"»  Gabiiy  a  town  of  t 
epithet6'a6c//o,thati8,5aW?iovel5amfith<ro.  ^ome  and  Prameste. 

660.  /ndutus  capiH :  he  put  it  (the  shaggy    ■P»*'»^»^  temple.     Hencc 

lion  skin)   upon  hia  head.      Cinelus  Hrea    ^^^^  "'""?•         .    . 

/./.««*  e.».  n.^».i.  683.  Qelidum  AnxeneM 

caput^  say»  Kuesue.  ...  ..     •  *    ^.     f« 

«fin    /                         j         »     u-      u     1  whichemptiesmtotheT 

669.  Innexus:  covered,  as  to  his  shoul-  q^i,     Its  wator  was  ver 

dors,  with  tho  garment  of  Hercules,  his  fa-  opithet  gelidum, 

ther.      This  was  the  hide  of  the  Nemean  534     Hemica  saxa : 

****r,o    „                 .     .^                ^         .  Herniii.     They  were  a 

673.  Feruntur:  m  the  sense  of  tncedunJ.  ^qui,  the  Marsi,  and 
^nte  primam  :  before  the  finit  line — in  ihe  country   was  very   moi 
front  of  the  battle.  xheir  towns  were  calle' 

674.  J^ubigena:  cloud-bom  ■ons.    Those  amongst  rocks.      Theij 
wore  tho  Centaurs,  whom  Ixion  begat,  it  is  Anofrnia,     Roseidarivii 
eaid,  upon  a  cloud.     They  were  a  people  of  or  streams. 
Thcssaly,  and  celebrated  for  horsemanship.  685.    Amasene.     Th^ 
I:cion  was  their  king.  which  watered  the  coui 

675.  Omolen — Othryn.  These  were  moun-  The  opithet  pater  is  con 
taina  uf  Thessaly,  where  the  Centaurs  re-  gods.    Hodie^  Toppia, 
«ded.  686.  Glajidesplwnbi: 

$76*  Fundator  ki^    Csculua^vi^aMtold^    gi/;  throwa. 


i 


kRN£16.    LIB.  VIL  4» 

Yeiitifl  nlumbi  spargit ,  |>Lrs  spicula  gestat 
na  manu,  fulvoeque  lupi  de  pelle  galeroa 
sguien  habet  capiti :  vestigia  nuda  sinistri 
stituere  podis ;  crudus  tegit  altera  pero.  690 

At  Messapus  ecjuiiin  domitor,  Neptunia  proles, 

uem  neque  fas  igni  cuiquam  nec  sternere  ferro,  OM.     Quem    n<iqM 

.mpridem  resicies  populos,  desuetaque  bello  ^^  ^  cuiqua  tttniere 

iFiniiia,  in  anna  voc^t  subitd,  ferrumque  retractat. 

i  Fescenninas  acies,  aK|uo6<|ue  Faliscos ;  695     6d6.  Hi  duami  Fea- 

i  8oractis  hubent  arces,  Fiaviniaque  arva,  cemuiieii 

i  Ciinin  cum  monte  lacum,  lucoscjue  Capenos. 
ant  e<iudti  nuniero,  regemque  <»inebant : 
eu  quomiam  nivei  liquida  inter  nubila  cycni 
Ikm  sese  d  pastu  referunt,  et  longa  canoros  700 

ftnt  per  colla  modos :  sonat  amnis,  et  Asia  lonfd 
iilsa  palus. 

ec  quisquam  aeratas  acies  ex  agmine  tanto 
JKcri  putet,  aeriam  sed  gurgite  ab  alto 

NOTE8. 

M8.   Fulvoi  galert :  tawny  capt  of  the  chief.    The  plo.  ma^  be  need  for  the  niig. 

iir*  skiii,  kc  by  way  of  aggraiiciixeroent,  aa  ie  commoB 

188.  Vtttigia  nuda :  they  fbrmed  the  prints  to  all  Unguages.    Or  the  hi  muiit  refer  to 

'  lieck»  of  the  left  foot  naked— -their  lef\  the  eubordinate  officen  and  coinmaiiderB  of 

ot  wea  nakod.     Crudut  pero :  unwrought  Meteapue.     Thii  eeeme  to  be  the  opinion  of 

ilber  eoTere  the  other.      Vettigia  is  un-  Rusbus,  who  hae :  hi  dueet  Meuapu 
Mlood.     The  pero  wae  a  kind  of  high        6»6.  Soraetis.    Soracte  was  thenameof  a 

•i,medeofrawhide,andwombyrusticfl  mountain  in  the  country  of  the /Vi/Mct.    Ar^ 

iaciiHaiy.    inUiiuire :  m  the  eonee  ofpo-  ces :  the  towere  or  etrong  placee  built  npo«i 

^  .  .  ^  '*•     Fkminia  arva.     Little  ia  known  of  thie 

m .  Musaput.    By  birtb  be  waa  a  Greek.  piace,  nor  it  ite  eituation  exactly  arcertained. 

MT  his  arriva]  in  Italy,  he  occupiad  the        ^n.    ^.    .   .     r^-    • „. 

Sr^f^  .     .  .  .^ ^      ^ii   ,    ^         l&ko  and  a  grove.     Capenot:  anadj.  ofCo- 

■rJnavigaor;    andhen^^^^  ;,««,,  a  cityon  the  banji  of  the  Tibei.    Hei« 

I  ^  his  donimion.  m  the  eaetem  part  ^  MesUpu.  to  the  war. 
Etrurnh  not  far  from  the  place   where  «*"»»«f"»  w  ««w  w«r. 

Mne  was  afterward  built.  ^^^    Ibant  aquati :  they  marched  with 

M.    Popuiot  jamprtdem :  his  people,  a  ^^^  •^P»»  ^nd  uniform  motion.    By  niMie- 

m  time  inautive,  and  diaengaged  from  the  ^^  ^^  <^c  ^  understand  a  kind  of  harmony 

imite  of  war.  "^^  keeping  time  with  their  music.    Or. 

195.   FtteenniMdu  aeiet :  the  Fescennine  "^her,  the  order  of  their  march— rank  and 

«pB.     Theso  were  from  the  city  Fescen-  "^®* 

I,  or  Fescennium,  a  town  of  Etruria,  a        699-    Ceu  quonHam,  kc    Thui  simile  le 

ii  bclow  the  confluenoe  of  the  Nar  and  ^^^^  from  the  Hiad^  lib.  u.  and  is  very  fine* 

ber.    m-ieiet,  properly,  an  army  drawn  up  iy  expressod. 

bvder  of  bs  de.    Here,  troops  in  general.        701.  Amnit  ei  Atia :  the  river  and  tha 

IfMefoiic  FaHtcot,    These  were  a  people  Asian  lake,  struck  from  afar,  resound.    Tho 

ntea  a  litUe  below  FeMcennium.     Their  Amnis  is  the  Capttrut,     See  Geor.  L  383. 

was  Faliseusn.    Servius  says,  they  were  Jifodot :  in  the  sense  of  voeet, 

~^Couott  because  the  Romans  borrow-        702.  AVc  quitquam  putet :  nor  would  any 

them  Uieir  Jura  /eeialia^  or  laws  of  one    (who  heard   their  music  only)   hava 

:  aleo,  a  sopplement  to  the  laws  of  the  thought  them  armed  troops  of  so  groat  aum- 

m  lablee.  Others  make  JBSqui  the  naino  bera,  united  and  joined  together  ;   but  an 

ia  people,  called,  also,  JEquicoIe,  and  aerial  cloud  of  sonorous  fowls,  isc,    The 

M^JEquiotque  Faliteotque,    Tho  hi  in  this  w^ords,  trAo  heard  their  mutie  oniy,  are  na« 

I  tha  foUowing  line,  appears  to  refer  to  cessary  to  make  the  sense  complete.    For 

■n.nns,  within  whose  territories  all  these  the  poet  could  not  intend  that  thoso  who 

MaiMlpoo|ilawere,haremenUoned;  and,  aaw  them,  would  bava  Vaktn  WuaTBL  te 

■efBMlfy,  Jm  waa  lh«r  eoinmaiidar  In  floek  of  ' '  ~ 


U 


4S4  P   VIROILn  MARONIS 

Urgeri  volucrum  raucarum  ad  litora  nubeiiL 

Ecce,  Sabinorum  prisco  de  sanguine,  m&| 

Agmen  agens  Clausus,  magnique  ipse  agmii 

Claudia  nunc  k  quo  difTunditur  et  tribua  et  § 

<»«A  TT«A-.—  ^^s^^s  Pc**  Latium,  postquam  in  partem  data  Romi 

lnceiis  Amitecna  cohon,  Uni  mgens  Amitema  cohors,  pnscique  Qui 

piiflciqaa  Ereti  manus  omnb,  oliviferse^iue  Mutuscas : 

712.  lUi  quoque  ibani  Qui  Nomentum  urbem,  qui  rosea  rura  Velir 

qwi  eotwU  uri)eni  No.  Qui  Tetric»  horrentes  nipes,  montemque  S 

Hlf «?^Vlnnf?  !!!^  ^  Casperiamque  colunt,  Fonilosque  et  flumen 
■ea  nira  Velini ;  qiu  co- ^  .v-,  u  •      «  u     •  uu     *  r  •  • 

lunt  Q">  Tybnm  Fabanmque  bibunt :  quos  fngi 

715  lUiibani quoque^  Nursia;  et  Hortinae  classes,  populique  Latii 
quoi  frigida  JNuraia  mi-  Quosque  secans  infaustum  interluit  AUia  na 
**^TiT  fii-  Ai   Q"^  multi  Libvco  volvuntur  marmore  flue 

A^:Z:i  "IVJ^n,  S7U8  »bi  Orion  hybem.s  conditur  undw : 
«ecans    interluit,   ibani  ^^'  quam  Sole  novo  densflR  torrentur  anstiB, 
icni  eum  eo.  Aut  Hermi  campo,  aut  Lyciae  flaventibus  ar 

NOTES. 

707.  Ciausus,    After  the  expuUion  of  the  dnre  all  the  year.    The  neig 

kinj^,  .^//a  Clautut  removed  with  his  f&mi-  taini  are  covered  with  theoM 

IVi  and    about   five    thousand  clients  and  of  thoir  height,  are  more  ei 

mends,  from  RegiUum,  a  city  of  the  Sa-  and  drizzling  rains  than  Um 

binea,  to  Ronie.     AfVer  which  ho  took  the  Some  copies  have  roacida, 

name  of  Appiui.     Ho  wai  admitted  into  tho  fers  roaea,  and  takee  it  for  a 

patricion  order.     The  poet  makes  the  C7au-  jective ;  and  observes  it  sh* 

ftu  here  nanied,  to  have  been  one  of  his  an-  with  a  capital  R.     Heyne 

ceetors.      Inslar  afpninit :    himsolf  liko  a  capital.     Tetriem — Severum, 

mighty  arniy — a  match  for.  two  mountains,  ao  called  i 

70ti.  Diffunditur :  in  the  senee  of  propa-  aspect  and  barrenness.     T 

atur^  vel  tpargUur,  unccrtaiii. 

709.  In  partem  Sabittit.  The  poet  here  714.  Catperiam,  Caspc 
alludcs  to  tlie  union  of  the  Sabines  and  Ro-  not  far  from  Curet.  Hodie^ 
manK,  which  put  an  end  to  the  wars  between  lot.  Foruli  was  a  town  in  tl 
the  two  nations.  These  wure  the  conditions  ofAmitcmum.  Himellat, 
of  the  compart.  Tho  Sabines  wore  to  ro-  river  falling  into  the  Tibe 
movc  to  Roine,  which  was  to  retain  iU  name.  Curet,     Hodie^  Aia^ 

The  citizcns  were  to  take  the  namo  of  Qut-  716.    J^urtia,      This   cl 

ritet^  from  Curet^  a  city  of  the  Sabines;  and  among  the  Apennines,  and 

the  governnient  was  to  be  jointly  adminis-  frost.     Hence  the  cpithet, 

turcd  by  Tatius  and  Romulus.  Jforiea,     HortintB :  an  adj 

710.  Amiltma  cohort.     The  poet  here  or  Horta,  a  city  at  the  c( 
enumeratefi  various  placcs,  all  belonging  to  ^ar  und  TUter,     Clattes. 
the  Sabines.     Amitema :  an  adj.  from  Ami-  clattet  horo  meons  land  tbi 
temujti,  a  town  situated  among  the  Apen-  genoral.     Hoyne  says,  copi 
nines.      ^uiritet    were  the   inhabitants  of  717.    AUia.     A  river  th 
Cureiy  whence  the  Romans  wero  aflerward  Tiber  a  little  below  Eretun 
somotimos  called  Qutrt/et.     Eretum  was  a  mans  were  completely  defe 
village  near  the  conlluence  of  tho  rivers  Senonet,  undcr   Brennus, 
Aiiia  and  Tiber.    Hodie^  Monte  Rotundo.  which  account.  Virgil  calls 
Mutatcte :  a  yillage  beyond  tho  Palus  Rca-  men :    an  inauspicious  na; 
tina,   to   thc   north.     Hodie^  Monte  Leone,  the  sense  of  divident, 
^omentnm^  was  a  town  near  Eretum  on  tiio  719.  Orion:  aconstcllat 
east.     Hodie^  J^omentano.  by  mariners;  hence  called 

712.  Ilfisra  rura,     Part  of  the  country  of        720.  JVot-o  tole.     By  Uii 

Reatina,  iiccording  to  Pliny,  was  called  ro-  dcrstand   the  sun  in  the 

f ea,  from  ro5,  dew ;  which,  falling  copiously,  sunimer.      But  pcrnaps  t 

fertilizod   that  part  of  the   country.      Mr.  ntir,  not  in  respoct  of  tlic 

Addison  obscivcs,  that  the  river  Volinus  is  aristat^  tho  ears  of  com. 

shadod  by  a  green  forost  made  up  of  sevo-  was  a  river  of  I^ydia,  a  m< 

ral  kinds  of  trees,  which  preaATve  l\i«)\t  n«x-  Lxgfiut,    This  waa  a  eoanl 


iENEIS.    TJB   VIL  4f5 

t,  pulsuque  pedum  tremit  excita  tellus 
memnonius,  Trojani  nominis  hostis, 
t  Ilaiesus  equos,  Turnoque  feroces 

)o|iulo8.     Vertunt  felicia  Baccho  726     745.  Rapit  millofero- 

rastris  :  et  quos  de  collibus  aitis  ^  populoji  m  aurUium 

^re  patres,  Sidicinaque  juxta  ^Xi  r^'Z^ 

uique  Cales  linquunt ;  amnisque  vadon  arva  felicia  Baccbo ;  n 

umi ;  pariterque  Saticulus  asper,  iUi  veniurit  quo^  Aurun- 

;  raanus.     Teretes  sunt  aclides  illis  730  ci    patrc»,   Sidicinaquo 

iipc  lento  mos  est  aptare  flagello :  j"^^»®?."?'*  ."*"?? 

tegit:  falcau  commus  enses.  ^^^  .    f^,^^^    ^„,^ 

rniiiiibus  nostris  indictus  abibis,  nm/  Ulit  ad  pu^andum 

?m  gener&sse  Telon  Sebetliide  NymphA  cominuii.     Nec   tu,    O 

jboum  Capreas  cum  regna  teneret  735  P^^  (Ebale,  abibit  in- 

patriis  sed  non  et  filius  arvis  oictue 

atc  iam  tum  ditione  premebat  ^„^    „    . 

I  .  •      .    "^  c?  739.  reniiin/que,  qui 

»puIos,  et  qua;  rigat  Kquora  Sarnus  :  tenent 

as,  Batiilumque  tenent,  at()iie  arva  Celennie  :     749.  Et  iiu  quoi  mce* 

ifene  despectant  mcsnia  Abellae :  740  nia 

NOTES. 

bounding  in  corn.    Torrentur:  Manut  Oteorvm.    The  0«ri,  were  a  peopla 

d.  descended  from  the  ancient  Autonet^  and  in* 

( ;  in  the  sense  of  commota.  babited  the  city  Capua.     AU  these  troopfc 

in  tbc  next  place,  Halesus,  hic,  were  under  the  command  of  Haletus. 

u.    Eitber  the  natural  son  of  T30,  Tertiu  aelides.    The  oc/tJ  waa  akind 

or  an   iliegitimate  one.      Or  of  miraiTe  weapon,  with  a  tharp  point  at 

:amemnoniu9^  wo  are  to  under-  cach  cnd.      It  had  a  atring  faatened  to  iU 

bis  being   a  Grcok  by  birth.  by   which  the  owner  drew  it  back  af\er  a 

\rrui.  tbrow.     Theee  in  cloee  fight  were  formida* 

a.     The  poet  hcre  mentionfl  blo   weapona.     It  ia   probable  they  bound 

18   and    places   in   Campania.  tbcm  about  the  wrist  with  a  cord,  (jflo^e //11,) 

idj.  agreeing  with  arra  under-  or  string,  by  way  of  aecurity. 

cus  was  a  mountain  in  Cam-  732.  Faleaii :  in  the  sense  of  eurri. 

c  sea,  in  the  confines  of  La-  733.  Indietut:  unsung — unmentioned. 

tilc  in  vincs.     Auntnci  palres.  734.  Telonk  acc.  of  Greek  ending.     6>^f- 

,  or  Ausonet^  wcre   tbe   most  thide :  the  nymph  Sehethit. 

itants  of  Italy,  and  therefore  735.  Capreat:    Caprea,    an    island    ovci 

They  were  butween  Campa-  againstthe  6urren(muiiiPromon/or<f/m.  The 

>l8ci.     Sidicina  :  plu.  of  Sidi-  Teltboi^  a  colony  fronr^piruB,  posfccraed  it. 

t  of  country  to  the  eastward  Hodie^  Capri, 

ici^  bordering    upon  the   sea.  '731 .  Premebal  ditione :  hcld  in  bondage-^ 

town  built  upon  the  mountain  in  subjecUon. 

odie^  Calri.  738.  Samut.      A  river  flowmg   througa 

:  the  inbabitants  of  the  forda-  Campania,    into    the    Sinut  NtanoUtunut, 

turnut — Uiose  who   live  near  Sarrastet.     These   wero  the  inbabitants  ot 

came  also  to  tlie  war.     Mr.  the  promontory  Surrentinum^  in  that  part  of 

(crves    that   vadosut  nmst   be  Italy  called  Campania.    ^quora :   in    tiie 

aphorically,  to  signify  danger-  sense  of  eampi  vel  arva.    JEquor^  properly 

jst  refor  to  thoso  parts  of  the  signifies  any  plane,  or  level  surface,  whether 

mouth,  where  it  spreads  and  land  or  water 

fntle  coume,  and  coiiM^quently  739.  Rufat:  Rufe,  or  Riifnn,  wait  u  rity 

:  f^u//umu«  is  a  rivcr  of  Cain-  farther  to  the   east.      /fodie,   Rujo.      Thc 

for  its   rapidity.      yadosus  :  xituation  of  Uatxdum  and  Celtnnat  is   un- 

a  shnal  or  sand-bank.     This  known. 

s  rise  in  the   Apenniner.  aud  740.  Ahella:  Abclla  a  town  to  tlie  n^nh 

rcuitous  courso  falls  mto  tho  of  Samus.  in  the  confincs  of  Campanio  aiid 

m  the  aiicient  Cumo.    Saticu-  tho  Horpini.     It  was  cclobratcd  tor  ihal  sort 

^nt  of  Sttticula^  or  SalHcula^  a  of  nuts,  callcd  nuees  avellawr^  or  filberl-nute. 

ist  of  Vultumiu,  and  ('apue.  Hodie  Avella.     It  waa  buiit  ^n  axv  «  w«:n«4 


tttO  P.  VIRGILll  MARQNIS 

Teutonico  ntu  soliti  torquere  cateba ; 
71«.    Qaeis  tegmina  Tegniina  qucis  capitum  raptus  de  snbere  c 
oapitum  itmt  cortcx        ^ratajque  micant  peltK,  inicat  creus  enflu 

£t  te  montoace  misere  in  pnelia  Nursae, 
Ufens,  insignem  fam&  et  felicibufl  armb : 
746      Cui    prdsciputf  Horrida  prascipu^  cui  gens,  assuetaque  iDii 

eU(iue  multo  venatune*  Armati  ternun  exercent ;  seraperque  recei 
moram,  pare/  Gonvectare  juVat  pnedas,  et  vivere  rapto. 

?dO.  Quin  et  fortiMi-  Quin  et  Marrubi&  venit  de  gente  sacerdos, 

""^  ^iCchi  T^liL^ilSI  ^*^"^®  ®"P®'  galeam  et  felici  comptus  olh 
S?MarrubiT^^   ^  Archippi  regis  missu,  fortissimus  Urobro : 

Vipereo  generi  et  graviter  spirantibufl  hydr 
754.  Qui  lolebat  ipar-  Spargere  qui  somnos  cantuque  manuque  • 
gere  «omnoe  vipereo       Mulcebatque  iras,  et  moreus  arte  levabet. 

Sed  non  Dardanie  medicari  cusfMdis  ictoii 
Evaluit :  neque  eum  juvere  in  vulnera  can 
Somniieri,  et  Marsis  qusesitae  in  montibus' 

759.  Nemue  An^tifc  Te  nemus  Angitias,  vitreft  te  Fucinus  undi 
^k  ^lJr"*  Te  liquidi  flevere  lacus. 

Ibat  et  Uippolyti  proles  pulchernma  be' 

NOTES. 

■ituation.     Hence  it  is  said  to  look,  dt"  helmet   with  leavee,   and 

tpeetanU  down  upon  the  inhabitants  below.  olive— having  his  hehnei 

Malifera:  fruit-bearing.  leaves  of  the  happj  olivei. 

741.  Caieias,  The  cateia  was  a  kind  of  o/tro,  by  hend.  for/rondc/ 
halbert  or  d&rt,  used  by  the  Germans,  and  752.  Mistu :  by  the  con 
Gauls.  AIl  thc  nations  just  mentioned  were  754.  Spargere  tomnot : 
Bubjcct  to  (Ehclut^  ond  followed  him  to  the  over  the  viperous  race,  &c 
war.  Riiu :  afler  the  Teutonic  manner,  charms,  or  incantations. 
thoy  uscd,  &c.  SolHi :  sunt  is  undcrstood.  755.  Levabat:  hc  heale* 
The  Ttutones  were  a  people  of  Germttny,  756.  Ictum:  in  the  sena 
near  tlic  Chcnonesut  Cimbrica,  Hodie^  Dcn>  wounds  inflicted  by  the 
maric.  Trojans. 

742.  Tegmina :  coverings  for  the  hcad —        757.  Juvtre :  helped — ai 
helmetfl.     Ru8dub  sivtb,  gale<E,     Queu.*  the  profuerunt. 

dut.  in  the  senso  of Jj^ortim.  758.  Somniferi  cantut: 

74-1.  Jfurta:  the  situation  of  this  place  Herba:  horbs  gathered  ic 

is  not  known,  probably  it  was  amonjf  thc  the  Marsi,     Thesc  peop 

Apcnnines.  enchantments,  particalarl 

745.  Intignem  famd :  illustrious  by  famc,  pents.     This  they  leamec 

and  successful  arnis.      This  is   equivalcnt  son  of  Circe,  the  founder 

lo  insignemfamd  felicium  armorum,  159.  ,^ngiiite.     Angitii 

748.  Exercent:  in  the  scnse  of  eolunt.  Circe,  and  came  with  he 

749.  Vivere  rapto :  to  Iive  upon  plunder.  occupicd  the  country  in 
This  is  agrccable  to  wnat  Livy  says  of  of  the  lake  FSicinus,  Tl 
thoso  nations :  Fortuna  Volscis  JEquisque  now  called  Luco^  situatc 
pnedonum potius  mentem  quam  hostium  dedit.  of  the  said  lake.  Hodie^ 
Tho  jEquieoli  or  ,^qui  wcre  a  people  to  trea :  clcar — pellucid. 
the  cast  of  Latium,  not  far  from  the  sourco  760.  Liquidi :  in  the  t 
cf  the  river  Jinien,  Their  country  was  761.  Hippolyti:  Hipp 
hard  and  niountainous.  Virgil  calls  it,  of  Theseus  king  of  Ath 
JEauicola  duru  gltbu :  iEquicola  of  hard  overtures  of  his  step-nc 
soil.  Theso  wero  under  the  command  of  was  arcuscd  by  her  to  h 
Dfens,  ond  followcd  him  to  the  war.  demncd  him  to  death. 

760.  MarrvJbia.  an  adj.  o^ Marrubium  or  his  chariot  along  tho  shc 
Marruvium^  a  city  of  the  Marsi,  to  the  east  afTrighted  by  sea-monst 
of  the  ^qui,  on  the  river  Liris.  in  pieces  and    killed  hi 

151,  Complus  luper:    decked  upon  Vua    Kla  hard  fate,  by  the  h 


ibius ;  infignem  qnem  mater  Aricia  mirit, 

luctum  £geri8e  lucis,  humentia  circum 

tom,  pinguis  abi  et  placabilis  ara  Dianie.  764 

imque  ferunt  fam&  HJppolytum,  postquam  arte  noTeic»     705.  Ilippolytajn  Ttr- 

rciderit,  patriaaque  expl^rit  sanguine  poenaa,  Hum^  po*tquam  oodd»- 

irbatis  distractua  equis,  ad  sidera  rursus  P*  ''^  aoTcrc«,diMrM- 

^i  ^  1^-1.  tu8q'«    turbatif    equis. 

Iherea,  et  superas  coeh  venisse  sub  auras,  expl^it  patriM  («mus, 

eoniis  revocatum  herbis,  et  amore  Dianae.  veniMe  rurMu 

m  pater  oninipotens,  aliquem  indignatus  ab  umbria 

ortalem  infemis  ad  lumina  surgere  vit»,  771  • 

16  repertorem  medicinie  talis  et  artis  772.  Fulmine  detriMil 

ilmine  Phcebigenam  Stygias  detrusit  ad  undas.  PhcDbigenam,     roperto* 

Trivia  Ilippolytum  secretis  alma  recondit  '^^ 

dibus,  et  Nymphae  Egerienemorique  relegat:        775 
lus  ubi  in  sylvis  Italis  ignobilis  evum 
igeret,  versoque  ubi  nomine  Virbius  esset. 
ide  etiam  Trivis  templo  lucisque  sacratis 
imipedes  arcentur  equi,  qudd  litore  cumira 

juvenem  monstris  pavidi  effudere  marinis.  780 

Bus  ardentes  haud  seciiks  seq^iore  campi  781.  Filius  kyjut  nr> 

cercebat  equos,  curruque  in  bella  ruebat.  Wi^haud   fecius   ezor- 

Ipse  iiiter  primos  preestanti  corpore  Turaus  %^ 

irtitur,  arma  tenens,  et  toto  vertice  supra  est.  ''^*  ^*  ®**  «ipf»  «i^ 

n  triphci  crinita  jubA  galea  alta  Chimcram  786  "^^^^m^^t  tam  ma. 

Minet,  JStnaeoe  efflantem  faucibus  ignes :  glafremens,etefferatfie- 

UD  magis  illa  fremena,  et  tristibus  effera  flammia,  tibos  flammia, 

NOTES. 

lend  him  to  life,  and  commended  him  to  by  ApoUo,  his  &ther,  who  is  alao  slyled 

1  eare  of  Egeria^  the  nymph  of  the  Arici-  Paan — medicinal  herba. 

itt  frove.     Here  he  was  worahipped  aa  a  773.  Phabigencan :   iEtculapiua,  the  eon 

■t-god   and    called    Ftrbitu  ;    from  tho  of  PhcDbua  and  Coronis,  the  daughter  of  a 

iids  vir  and  bit.    Virgil  makes  him  the  king  of  the  Lapithe.    He  is  etteemed  tbe 

I  of  Hippolytus  and  Sie  nymph  Aricia.  father  of  physic.     Itissaid  he  raised  several 

r  SM/er,  wc  are  to  understand  Jiis  mother.  from  the  dead. 

7tt.  Arieia,    This  was  a  city  of  ancient  775.  Relegai :  she  consigns  him  to  the 

lliBin,notfar  fromthemouthof  theTiber.  nymph,  &c     TVtvue:    a  name  of   Diana« 

^i^t  be  so  called  irom  the  nymph  Ari-  from  iret  et  vto. 

L  Senrius  understands  by  mater  this  city,  776.  IgnotnHt :    unknown — retired  ftom 

lliBh  was  the  birth-place  of  the  mother  of  the  world. 

||astus,  and  the  parent  of  an  illustrious  778.    Unde :   hence — from  that  ciroum« 

qilj.     But  it  is  better  to  take  it  as  above.  stance — to  wit,  their  being  affrighted  at  the 

i  Hs  neigbborhood  was  a  grove  sacred  to  monsters. 

fHia.    With  this  nymph,  Numa  Pompi-  780.  Pavidi  :  aflfHghted  at  tbe  sea-mon- 

p.fieiended  to  be  intimate,  and  to  receive  sters,  they  overtumed — ^ran  away  with  the 

tocUons  in  religion.  chariot,  £c. 

ItX  Uumentia  tiiora :  the  shores  of  the  781.  FUiut  Kaud:  the  son,  not  loas  intre- 

UAricinus.  pidly  than  the  &ther,  managed  the  fieiy 

3ii.  Pinguit :  this  ie  said  of  the  «Itar,  in  stoeds,  &c. 

bnace  to  the  number  of  victims  offered  784.  Vertitur  inUr  primot:  he  marehee 

wmtu    Plaeabilit:  easy  to  be  appeased.  in  the  foremoet  ranka.     Veriiiur:  in  the 

&veffb  eti  is  understood.  sense  of  ineedii. 

I.  ExplMi :    had  satiafied— filled  up.  785.  Oalea  erinita :  his  loiVy  helmet  wav- 

vteis:  affirifhted.  ing  with  a  triple  crest,  kc    The  fiirure  of 

Ml  Smb  Munerat  aurot  eoH :  to  the  upper  the  ChinMera  was  repreaented  on  his  heliiiei 

IflM  of  ligtit — this  upper  world.  See  JEn.  vt  S88. 

RIP0,  Pmmmi  M^rbit:  auch  herbs  as  were  787.  I^feras  fleroe    dreadfoL  JVidikuMX 

^  bf  Pmti,  the  pl^nQiaii  of  the  gods :  honid— awftil. 


tt8  P.  VIRGILU  IIARONIS 

Qukm  magis  efiuso  crudescunt  sanguiiie  pv 
789.  At  lo   tx  aoro  At  levem  clypcum  sublatis  cornibus  lo 
•nblatia  comibua,  insig.  Auro  insignibat,  jam  setis  obsita,  jam  bos. 
^a^  lavem    djpeum  Argumentum  ingensl  et  custos  virginis  Ai 

Coilat&que  amnem  fundens  pater  Inacbus  i 
Insequitur  nimbus  peditum,  clypeataque  to< 
Agmina  densantur  campis,  Argivaque  puh 
Auruncsque  manus,  Rutuli,  veteresque  Si 
796.L«bicipicU7uoad  Et  Sacranaj  acies,  et  picti  scuta  Labici: 

Idt^  O  Tib^o    ^*^  ^^^  ^\Xm9,  Tiberine,  tuos,  sacrumque  Nun 

^"**  I  iitus  arant :  Rutulosque  exercent  vomere 

Circaeumque  jugum  :  queis  Jupiter  Anxui 

PrsBsidet,  et  viridi  gaudens  Feronia  luco  : 

«01.  GreliduaqueUfeos  Quii  Saturs  jacet  atra  palus  ;  gelidusque  | 

qunrit  iter  per  Quaerit  iter  valles,  atque  in  mare  conditur  ■ 

Hos  super  advenit  VolscA  de  genie  Cam 

805.  Illa  non  aasucta  Agmen  agens  equitum  et  florentes  sre  cal 

ut  fomineaii  manue  colo  Bellatrix :  non  illa  colo  calathbve  Minerfi 

NOTES. 

788.  Crudeteuni:  raye— grow  more  and        796.  Satranm:  an  adjed 
more  lierce  aiid  bloody.  Thete  were  a  people  made 

789.  /o.  The  poeta  say  she  waa  the  gines  and  the  Pela8|^i :  who 
daughter  of  tlie  river-god  Inaehut.  Jove  pulfiion  of  theSiculi,  weret 
had  an  amour  wiih  her ;  and  likely  to  be  by  the  Sabines  beyond  tho 
discovered  by  Juno,  he  clianged  her  into  a  Bottled  near  the  place  wher 
heifer.  Juno  suspccting  the  trick,  desired  terward  builU  Labiei,  1 
the  heifer  to  bo  given  to  her.  Ilaving  ob-  eum^  was  in  the  northem  pi 
tained  her  rcquest,  she  gave  her  into  the  79H.  Exercent:  in  the  «e 
custody  of  thc  shepherd  Argus,  fablcd  to  vel  vertunl. 

havo  had  a  hundred  eyes.     He  was  fllain  by         799.  Circceum  jugum.     * 

Mi)rcury;  and  Juno  placed  his  eyps  in  tho  and  proniontory  which  boi; 

tail  of  hcr  pcacock.     Afler  this  she  drove  on  thc  easU     Here  was  th< 

the  heifer  into   Egypt,  whcre  she  was  ro-  celebratod   Circe.      Hodie^ 

■tored  to  hcr  foriner  shape  bv  Jove.     Here  ./^nxi«ri«:  ancpithotof  Juj 

ahe   marriod  Osiris,   king  of  Egypt ;    and  or  Jinxurus^  a  town  of  the 

afler  hcr  <ieath,  was  worshipped  as  a  god-  was  particularlj  worshippi 
dess,  undcr  tliu  name  of  Isis.     This  fable         800.  Feronia:  Feroniai 

was  repre.scutod   on  tho  shicld  of  Tumus.  dant   grovo.      This  was 

He  was  desconded  from  Inachus,  king  of  Mom  Ctrccnu^  and  Terrac 

Ar^os.     Sec  rH^,  supra. — rublatit:  high —  is  not  ccrtain  what  godi 

widc — sprcading.  Feronia.     Most  interpretc 

790.  Obsita:  covered  with  hairs.  Bot :  the  sanio  with  Juno.  Bul 
tn  the  sensc  of  vaeca,  her  to  bo  the  same  with  Ft 

191.  ,^rguine.ntum:  Buhject — device.    /n-  authority  of  Dionj^Bius. 
rent:  noble— illustrious.  801.  ^tra  palut  Satura 

792,  /^a/er,  hero  refers  to  the  fathcr  of /o.  of  Satura.     By  this  we  i 

Coelata  uma:  from  his  embosscd  um.  the  patus  pontina,  orponti 

794.  Argiraque  pubet.  The  poet  now  tended  along  the  niariti 
enumerates  the  nations  that  followed  Tur-  Volfici.  It  gave  rise  to  nr 
nus.  The  Argivo  troops,  most  probahly  wholoi<ome  streams.  Hei 
eame  from  Ardea.     See  372,  supra.  pahit.     Ufmt.      This  riv 

795.  Auruncir.  manut.  These  wore  the  winding  vales,  to  which  i' 
dcsccndantH  of  thc  old  Aurunci,  or  Ausones,  havo  acccss.  Hencc  the  < 
tlie  first  poople  of  Italy.  Sicanu  Thcse  UO:i.  Svper  hos:  besid' 
were  tho  inhahitants  of  some  part  of  Lati-  tion  to  the  troops  alreaf! 
um;  or  the  remains  of  the  SictUi^  whom  milla  brings  hcr  squadn 
CIuvcriuH  thinks  to  have  been  among  thc  foot. 

finfit  inhabitants  of  Ilaly;  but,  being  expelU  804.  Florentet  are:  gl: 
ed  thoir  ccuntry,  fled  to  Sicily,  to  which  ing  in  brazen  armor.  Th 
'jidiid  tlicy  gave  Ihcir  natue,  ple^  were  brave  and  wari 


J!NEIS.    LIB.  Vn. 


4911 


issueta  manus  ;  sed  prselia  virgo 
cursuque  peduin  prsbvertere  veiitos. 
ctse  segetis  per  suinina  voiaret 
ec  teneras  cursu  Isesisset  aristas : 
er  mediuin,  fluctu  suspensa  tumend, 
celeres  nec  tingeret  tequore  piantas 
)  tectis  agrisque  effusa  juventus, 
ninitur  matrum,  et  prospectat  euntem, 
hians  animis ;  ut  regius  ostro 
i  leves  humeros  ;  ut  fibula  crinem 
irctat ;  Lydam  ut  gerat  ipsa  pharetram, 
em  pnBfizA  cuspide  myrtum. 


806.  Sed  \iTgo 
etl  pati  dora  pnnUa 


810      810.  SuipeiiMi  tumoii 
ti  fluctu,  vel  fenret  iter 
per  modiuin  mare 


814.  Fiden»  u\  refiui 


815 


NOTES. 


i  weet,  the  Aurunci  and  Cam- 
>aBt,  and  the  Uemici  and  JRqui 

ita :  fhe  had  not  accustomed 
uidg  to  the  diBtaff,  &c.  Cala- 
Caiathut  is  a  basket  for  wo- 
leir  tewing  and  other  worii  into. 
neton.  the  work  itaelf.  Then 
MintrviE  mcan,  light  and  easy 
jyments  in  genoral.  She  had 
led  her  hande  to  these ;  but  to 
tigrue  and  Hardehips  of  war. 
>e/  rolaret:  ehe  could  even  fly 
pnioat  Btalkt  of  the  com  un- 
Oramina :  the  stalks  or  bladea 
i^e  may  obeerve  that  Uie  poet 
t  say  ahe  ^tually  flew  over  Uie 
k ;  but,  by  an  hyperbole,  to  de- 
Iness,  she  could  even  do  it,  nor 
ri  her  couree. 
jjweniiu  ^ma:  all  the  youth 


iMuing  from  city  and  country,  and  thr  orowd 
of  matrone,  wonder  at  her,  ftc.  Teeti»  and 
agriM  are  plainly  oppoaed  to  each  other;  the 
one  put  for  the  city,  and  the  other  for  tbo 
country. 

814.  Inhiant :  gazing  upon  her. 

815.  Regituhonot:  how  the  rogal  onM 
mente,  &c. 

816.  Ut  ipta  gerai:  how  sbe  boan  tho 
Lycian  quiver,  &c.  The  poet  givea  hor  thio 
quiver,  becauee  tho  Lyciana  wero  famed  fbr 
■kiU  in  ardiery. 

817.  J€jfrtum,  The  myrUo  waa  a  ■oitablo 
wood  for  spears.  Hence,  by  meton.  tbo 
■pear  iUiolf.  It  ia  called  peutoral^  becauso 
•iie  had  lived  among  ■hepherde  with  her  fk- 
ther  Mtetabue.  Cmpide :  Uiis  is  put  for  the 
point  of  the  spear,  which  was  Upped  wilh 
steel.  RueuB  says,  armaiam  euspide;  mean- 
ing  myrtum^  Uie  «pear  or  javelin. 


QUESTIONS. 


>ta  to  what  placo  did  .£neae 
irse? 

of  the  day  did  he  aet  sail  ? 

Dr.  Trapp  obiterve  of  the  open- 
>ok? 

&rrival  in  the  Tibor,  what  were 
lures  which  be  adoptod  ? 

his  ambaaeadors  received  by 

Latinus? 

r  generaUons  wae  he  from  Sa- 

ib  kingdom  called  Laiivm  t 
Y  chi!dren  ? 

the  name  of  hia  dangtiter.^ 
■e  of  hia  life,  had  he  any  ■ons  ? 
the  age  of  hia  daughter  at  that 

ftho  Italian  princes  sought  hor 

tho  moot  distinguiahed  of  her 

promiiod  in  marriago  to 


Who  waa  Tarana  ? 

Of  what  country  were  hin  ancestora. 

What  was  the  character  of  Tumuaf' 

Was  Latinuii  in  favor  of  this  connezion  f 

What  was  tho  reason  of  his  opposing  iii 

What  parUcularly  influenced  his  mmd 
upon  this  subject? 

What  was  the  response  of  the  orado  of 
Faunui  ? 

Did  he  consider  JEnwa  to  be  the  person 
alludod  to  by  the  oracle  as  his  son-in-law  ? 

Did  he  propoee  to  the  Trojan  ambasoa- 
dors  a  connezion  between  him  and  hii 
daughter  ? 

Was  this  connezion  opposod  by  Toinuo! 

What  was  the  conseqnonco  of  thia  ? 

How  was  the  mother  of  Lavmia  aAteled 
toward  Turaus? 

What  was  her  name  ? 

Did  she  endeavor  to  persnade  bor  hubaiid 
to  consent  to  the  match  ? 

Did  she  make  any  spooch  to  him  upoB 
the  iubject  ? 

What  ia  tho  ehaxMtot  ot  VbiXmAtan^X 


AM                                P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

llow  wtf  the  affoctad  with  the  determi-  In  time  of  poAoe,  whai  was  the  Mirf 

uiLtion  of  Latinu*  /  the  temple  of  Janiie  ? 

iflneafi  iiad  beon  told  that  hia  followen  Whatin  time  of  war? 

ahould  bc  rcdiiced  to  tho  neceuity  of  con-  Aflcr  the  war  had  been  thnf  dedml 

■uming  Uic-ir  trcnchers,  before  they  diould  what  effect  had  it  upon  the  nsighboriif  Br 

dnd  a  pornianont  setUement:  how  waa  Uiat  Uona? 

prediction  fulfilled  ?  Which  side  did  thev  join  ? 

Who  mude  Uiie  propheUc  declaration  to  Who  maj  be  conaiaercd  the  umiiiniiff 

i^cafl?  in-chief? 

How  wae  the  accompliahment  roceiTed  by  How  does  the  book  ooacluda? 

him  and  hia  anociatee?  Who  waa  the  fii«t  who  joined  the  0» 

How  waa  Juno  affectcd  with  thb  kind  ro-  federacj  ? 

ception  of  the  Trojana?  Who  waa  Mezentius? 

What  docs  the  poet  represent  her  aa  doing  Over  wh&t  people  was  he  king? 

to  kindle  Uie  war?  What  was  hie  character? 

Wbat  couriM}  does  Alecto  punue?  Why  did  the  people  ezpel  himfioBlH 

While  ihese  thinge  are  going  on,  what  do  throne  ? 

the  Trojans  ?  Had  he  any  son  ? 

Whilc  in  the  chaae,  what  doee  Aecaniut?  What  was  hia  name? 

To  whom  did  this  beauUful  atag  belong?  Wiiat  doee  tho  poot  say  of  him? 

Whlthcr  did  tho  woundcd  animal  flee  ?  Who   is   mentioned   as  a  rtiitingniAii 

What  cffect  had  thia  upon  the  minda  of  horseman  ? 

the  ruiiUcs  ?  What  troopa  had  he  under  his  conuBiil? 

Wiio  was  killcd  in  this  skirmish?  Amonf  the  commanders,  was  t&tif  M 

Who  was  Almon?  distinguished  female?  What  wasfacrBiaw 

Who  was  Tyrrheus?  Of  what  people  was  she  queen? 

What  was  hi«  omployment  ?  For  wliat  was  she  especially  diitingu^ 

Was  thcre  any  other  person  slain  ?  ed  ? 

]>id  the  Trojans  suffer  any  loss?  What  does  the  poet  say  of  her  qieediHl 

What  was  the  next  measure  adopted  ?  the  rapidity  of  her  course? 

What  courso  did  Latinus  pursue?  Do  these  last  books  ezoite  in  ns  la  bil^ 

Did  Tumus  also  urge  the  aged  monarch  rest  equal  to  the  fint  books  of  the  SaiAi 

to  doclare  war  against  the  intrudcn ?  Has  the  poet  been  censured  00  tiiHi^ 

How  was  tbe  war  finally  declarod  ?  count  ? 

What  was  the  nianner  or  form  of  deda-  Is  this  censnre  jnsUy  fonnded  ? 

ring  war?  Why  is  it  not  jusUy  founded  ' 


lilBER  OCTAVVS. 


WsE  being  dctermined  upon,  Tumus  sends  to  Diomcde  to  engage  him  m  his  uttnAi 
and  iflneaB,  at  tho  dircction  of  the  god  of  the  Tiber,  ascends  that  river  to  EyandRtf 
obtain  supplies.  Ho  finds  the  aged  monarch  enjraged  in  the  sacred  rites  of  HerenlM 
He  rccoivcH  him  vcry  kindly,  informs  him  of  thcir  relationship,  and  of  his  former  IIH 
quaintance  with  Priam  and  Anchises,  who  visitcd  Arcadia,  his  native  countrj.  HedNi 
procceda  to  givc  him  an  accouut  of  the  victnry  of  Hercules  over  the  monster  Cacos,! 
noted  robhcr:  in  mcmory  of  which,  the  ritcs,  in  wVich  he  was  then  engaged ,  wers  is' 
stitutcd.  Hc  also  rccoimts  to  him  thc  anti({uitie8  of  that  part  of  Italy,  and  mentitfii^ 
parUcnlarly,  the  rook  or  hill  on  which  thc  Capitol  at  Rome  was  aflerward  buih.  Whfli 
thcac  thiiijB^H  are  ^oing  on,  Vcnus  rcpaira  to  Viilcan,  and  engages  him  to  make  armorftl 
iEnea».  IIc  iinmediately  rcpairs  to  the  iEolian  Isiands,  where  he  had  his  forges,  ui 
wt«  about  the  business  with  all  haste. 

Evandcr  funii»hes  two  hundred  horsc,  and  sonds  Pallas,  his  son,  with  as  many  more.  il 
this  tiHK^  the  TuHoans  are  in  arms  to  avengo  thc  barbarities  of  MezenUus,  theirkiK 
who  had  tlcd  to  1\irnu8  for  safety.  These  gladly  join  i£neas  in  the  war.  The  boel 
concludos  with  a  dcsrription  of  the  armor  of  .f^neaa,  brought  to  him  by  Venus  throa|h 
tho  air.  Thc  pceno  is  hcre  changed  from  thc  country  of  LaUnus  to  that  of  Evandv 
This  book  is  chietly  cpuodical^  and  abounds  in  matter  of  the  most  interesting  iusi 
Pr.  Trapp  thinks,  on  the  whole,  it  is  ono  of  the  noblost,  most  elegant,  and  most  enttf^ 
Ulujii^  01  the  whole  £neid. 


ifiNElS.    LIB.  Vm 


4tl 


«lli  signum  Laurenti  Turnus  ab  arce 
et  rauco  strepuerunt  comua  canni ; 
.cres  concussit  equos,  utque  impulit  arma 
16  turhati  animi :  simul  omne  tumultu 
it  trepido  Latium,  wevitquo  juventus 

Ductores  primi,  Messapus,  et  Ufens, 
ptorque  Dedm  Mezentius,  undique  cogunt 
,  ot  latos  vastant  cultoribus  agros. 
'  ct  magni  Venulus  Diomedis  ad  urbenif 
at  auxilium,  et  Latio  eonsistere  Teucroe, 
im  i£neam  classi,  victosque  Penates 
et  fatis  regera  se  dicere  posci, 
t ;  multasque  viro  se  adjungere  gentes 
io,  et  late  Latio  increbrescere  noroen. 
ruat  his  coBptia,  quem,  si  fortuna  sequatur, 
n^ugniB  cupiat,  manifestius  ipsi, 
Pumo  regi,  aut  regi  apparere  Latino. 
per  Lafium :  qua;  Laomedontius  heros 
videns,  magno  curarum  fluctuat  «estu ; 
inimum  nunc  buc  celerem,  nunc  dividit  illuC) 
sque  rapit  varias,  perque  omnia  versat. 
[use  tremulum  labris  ubi  lumen  ahenis 
>ercussum,  aut  radiantis  imagine  Lune, 
)ervoiitat  late  loca ;  jamque  sub  auras 
,  summique  ferit  laquearia  tecti. 
3rat,  et  terras  animalia  fessa  per  omnes 
t  pecudumque  genus  sopor  altus  habebat : 
ter  in  ripA  gclidique  sub  setheris  axe 
tristi  turbatus  pectora  bello, 
lit,  seramque  dedit  per  membra  quietem. 
us  ipse  loci,  fluvio  Tiberinus  amoeno, 
8  inter  senior  se  attollere  frondes 
Eum  tenuis  glauco  velabat  amicto 


4i    Eztempld    animl 
g  tnrbati  nm/ 


10  10.  Et  edocemt  eum 
Teucrofl  comustere  La* 
tio;    iEneam  advectum 


15  IS.ES  addai^  quid 
JEtuat  struat  his  coBptif; 
quem  eventum  pugn» 
cupiat,  si  fortuna  eequa- 
tor  eum,  apparere  maoi- 
feetiuf     ipei     Diomedi 

20  qnam 

18.    Talia  Jiuni  per 
Latiom ;  qu»  cuncta 


S6 


28.  Cdm  patar  JEneaa, 
lortMLtus  quoad  peetora« 
2Q  pn>eiibait 


NOTES. 


The  poet  here  alludei  to  the 
mong  the  Romans,  of  hanging  out 
>r  ngnal  of  war  from  the  CapitoL 
mua :  tmmpete.  See  £n.  vii.  637. 
'  tvuot:  roueed  the  active  honee. 
dio  bv  the  lound  of  the  tnimpets, 
ing  of  their  arms,  lce.  ImpuHt  ar^ 
ne  ondentand  by  thie  the  throwing 
mr  into  the  enemy*f  coontry,  which 
actice  amoog  the  Romane.  Thie 
claration  of  war.  Senriue  under- 
of  the  rattling  of  the  arms  in  the 
r  Man.  But  it  ie  eaeier  to  under- 
fhit  etrildng  oo  hie  thield  aa  a  sign 
ide  to  the  war. 

Hmi:  in  ibmwmmoftpoliuni,  CuU 
Ihe  ftimeie  inhabitaat^ 
tm  Diemedio:  the  city  of  Diomede, 
Argjrripa,  a  c\iy  bnilt  bj  him  in 
lier  the  deatractkm  of  Troj.  See 
43,el«eq. 
«•  fiUit:  that  he  waa  demanded 


by  the  fatee  or  deitinies  aa  a  king  over  tha 
Latine. 

14.  «Yoaieft:  the  name  of  iEneaa— hie 
fame— renown,  had  epread  widelj. 

18.  TWta:  tJie  vorb^ixn/,  or  anotherof 
the  like  import,  ie  undentood. 

22.  Sieui  aqua:  aa  when  the  trcmulooa 
light  in  brazen  vate  of  water,  reflected  frnm 
the  sun,  or  tho  image  of  the  radiant  mooo, 
flies  through,  &o.  This  simile  Dr.  Trapp 
observes  is  of  the  low  kind ;  but  eztremely 
elennt  and  beautifol.  Bj  toU^  we  are  to 
onderstand  the  imare  of  the  sun. 

24.  Sub  aurat :  simply,  on  high. 

27.  AlihKum :  in  the  sense  of  volutrum. 

28.  Subaxe:  onder  the  canopy  of  the 
oold  sky. 

31.  Senior  Tiberinut^  Deut  loci :  old  Ti- 
berinos,  the  god  of  the  placo,  seenied  to  him 
to  nise  himsclf  from  the  plea^ant  streom 
among,  Slc*  This  is  a  most  bcautiful  de- 
scription. 


4»  P.  VIRGILll  MAKONIS 

Carbasus,  et  crincs  unibrosa  tegebat  arundo. 
36.  Tuin  ctBpii  Rffwi  Tuin  sic  affari,  et  curas  his  demere  dictis :  !l 

''^  '^^  O  sato  gente  De{im,  Trojanam  ex  hoetibus  urfaeio 

Qui  revehis  nobis,  eternaque  Pergama  scnras, 
Expectate  solo  Laurenti,  arvisque  Latinis : 
39.  Hlc  erii  certa  do-  Hic  tibi  ccrta  domus ;  certi,  ne  absiste,  Penates 
niui  tibi;  hU:  erujU  cerii  ^eu  bcUi  terrere  miuia.     Tumor  omnis  et  ine  i 

l^Tilr./?' '*  "^  *^'*'^  Concess^re  Dedm. 

^'  Jamque  tibi,  ne  vana  putes  basc  fingere  somnum, 

,  Litoreis  ingens  inventa  sub  iiicibus  sus, 

44.   Jacebit  recubans  Triginta  capitum  f(Btus  eniza,  jacebit, 
iiolo,  ipia  alba,  et  ejut  ^lba,  solo  recubans,  albi  circum  ubera  nati.  tt 

iiati  albi  circuin  ubera      tt-     i  u*        •«  •  _a     i  i. 

49.  Nuncadvcrtcdo-  ">^  *«^"«  urbis  ent,  requies  ea  certo  laborum: 
cebo  it  paiici»  verOiM^  qu&  ^^  ^^^  ^^r  denis  urbem  redeuntibus  annis 
ratioue  lu  victor  Ascanius  clari  condet  cognominis  Albam. 

51.    Arcades,    grenus  flaud  incerta  cano.     Nunc,  quft  ratione,  quod  ||istit, 
profcciuin    a   Pallantc,  Expedias  victor,  paucis,  adverte,  docebo.  » 

Je^^em  "EvLidT^^^^^^  'qui  Arcades  his  oris,  genus  k  Pallante  profectum, 
■ecuii  suni  ejus  siguo,  wui  regem  Evandrum  comites,  qui  signa  secuti, 
delo^dre  Delcgere  locum,  et  posu^re  in  montibus  urbem 

NOTES. 

34.  Tenuis  earbwnu :  fine  lawn — a  robe  the  place  destined  to  him  bj  the  rndi.  TV. 

of  lawn.    In  this  habit,  ri ver-gods  were  com-  berinus  here  repeats  the  same,  lini  tbe  o^ 

monly  rcpresented  on  mcdals  and  anciont  tain  of  futurity,  and  givci  him  foiM  dii» 

monuinents.  tions  in  hia  critical  aflkirs. 

36.  Gente:  of  the  fainily— race— etock.  45.  Jaeebil  rtevbaru:  ■hall  be  ^ttMik 
JEnotM  spraug  from  Jove  both  by  Dardanu»  or  stretched  on  the  ground,  &c  I  tfcik 
and  VenuH.  recubans  ehould  be.Uken  m  thtttamd 

37.  Rivehis:  who  bnngest  back  to  us  the  girala,  or  proifrala,  and  connected  with> 
Trojan  cily,  &c.  ^lenia  Pergama :  and  ^^^^7.  To  take  reeubant  in  iU  utukl  !«• 
Per^rainuB  to  contiime  forever— to  be  eternal.  g^nd  mcaning,  would  be  mere  Uutolop.  M 
Hcre  iK  an  alluHion  to  ihe  opinion  of  the  in  the  ecnse  of  i/ro/o,  it  givc»  thif  idditi»' 
Romaiirt,  of  the  eternal  diiralion  of  Iheir  em-  ^i  idea,  that  the  animal  waa  lying  fltt,cra 
pire.  Dardanus,  the  founder  of  the  Trojan  fuH  leiigth,  in  the  attitude  of  giving  iwk* 
racc,  woH  a  n<itive  of  Italy.  jjer  pigs. 

38.  Kxutctale :  welcoine — looked  for:  a  ^«  r.  r  i^-  l  »•  «L-^Mia 
^.  .  1;  „  •  -.1  *  «1  47.  Mouo:  from  which  time,thirtTj«« 
par*.  adj.  agrecing  with  sate  in  the  voc.  ,  .  , ;  ,  .  u  n  i.l  Tb 
Solo :  in  IhoHcnse  of  Urra.  ^»""8  ""«<»  »*»y.  Ascuiiu.  •h»".'*  J» 

39.  Ftnalr.:  proporly  hou.ehold  eods;  "'"Jy  ^tT  T  •?»  ^*  V?!." «,  tt 
u  ^  •  .,  -  K^..  A  11:..-  r>  f  D  rcckoned  from  the  discovery  of  tbeto*i". 
by  meton.  a  houHG  or  dwclhng.  Certi  rena-  .,  ,  u  .  -.1.1/.  \.»t(im 
i-  ,>-««:««.<:„  j  -i  A^  tnal  would  not  affree  with  hiatory;  butOT" 
tu:  a  certain  or  hxed  abode.  .1      j     .1     r  x»               i         •       Ik.tliie^ 

At    r^.^     — *         1»  :-  «»:^»««  ♦k-»    1.,«^  "»«  death  of  ^neaa,  who  sat  on  tbeUin* 

41.  Concessere,     It  ih  evident  that  Juno  c   1      ■   -         *u                       a      -:«.  ^ 

.H  .1                     r  41  ^  rri»^-  .        m  0*    Lavinium  three  yeara.    Aicanini  ^. 

wa»  Htill  Ihe   enomy  of  the  Trojans,     To  j  j  u-          u     •     /u    *u-  .•  .l    ^./iria 

*ave  Virtnl  from  a  Hceming  inconBistency,  cceded  him  who,  m  the  thirUeth  yetfrf* 

.^'erviuH  makeH  the  senHC,  a«  well  a»  the  line  '«»f '  bmlt  AibaLonga,  and  mtde  itlii 

abrupt;  und  observee  tliat  some  have  filied  ^^*"^  °*^  ^'^  govefnment. 

it  up  ihuB:   Concessere  Deiim  profugis  nova  .49.  Cano :  m  the  senae  of  ^wf» 

AftBnia  Teucris,     La  Corda  obscrves,  that  ^*^**»                                                      ^  ^ 

\ir|rii  docs  not  say  all  the  gods,  and  thinks  50.    ExpedioM:  you  may  accompWi* 

tiiat  it  in  sufficient  for  the  poet"»  purpose,  offect. 

Uiat  Jupiter  and  Neptune,  who  took   part  ^L  Arcadet:    plu.  of  vlrco*,  t  niinj* 

with  tho  Greeka,  were  now  reconciled  to  the  Arcadia,  a   country   of  the   Pelopoi««» 

Trojans.     //•«:  the  onger  of  the  goda  haii  This  wae  the  birth-place  of  Evmder.  » 

ceaHcd— BubHided.  migrated  into  Italy, and  aettled  on  tbiMJJ 

44.  F(etiu  tnixa :  havin^  brought  forth  a  «^  ^®  Tibcr,  upon  a  mount,  which  hecj» 

UMer  of  Ihirty  hend,  &c.     ftelenus  informed  PaianHum^  PaUanteum,  or  ^^«^«1*1«^ 

^neaB,  (lib.  iii.  389.)  that  when  he  should  *»"  «ative  city  Pollantium:  or  fr!«**T 

find  a  white  bow  under  llie  holms  on  the  side  ^»ng  o^  Arcadia,  his  grcat  grandftth»* 

of  the  rivor,  with  a  litter  of  thirty  white  pigi  ^o  «^«  •P®^  Ro™«  ^^  •itenrarf  bi* 

troiuid  her,  he  roigtit  he  iMured  that  waa  63.  Potuhrt:  in  the  mhm  ofemidilt^ 


il^iVETS.    LIB.  Vjn.  4M 

ivi  de  nomine,  Pallanteum. 

<iduc  ducunt  curn  gente  Latinft  :  55 

d))i(>e  socios,  et  fcEdera  jun^e 

ipis  et  recto  flumine  ducam, 

mis  superea  siibTCCtus  ut  amnem. 

late  DeA  ;  primisque  cadentibus  astiii 

e  preces,  iramque  minasque  60 

upera  votis.     Mihi  victor  honorem 

2go  sum,  pleno  quem  flumine  cemis  6t.Ego«iiiiitt«,qtto» 

ripas,  et  pinguia  culta  secantem,  ^™» 

bris,  ccelo  gratissimus  amnis. 

rna  domus  ;  celsis  caput  urbibus  exit.       65 

iide  lacu  fluvius  se  condidit  alto 

nox  iEneam  somnusque  reliquit. 

lerii  spectans  orientia  Solis 

cnvis  undam  de  flumine  palmis 

iles  eflfudit  ad  a^thera  voces  ;  '^^     l^  Tuqae,  O  reiulor 

urentes  Nymphae,  genus  amnibus  unde  est;  Tybri,  cum  tao  imoio 

t)ri  tuo  genitor  cum  flumine  sancto,  flumine 

ean,  et  tandem  arcete  periclis.  75.   Quocunque  toio 

le  lacus  miserantcm  incommmla  nostra  '^    ?*"     pulebcrrimuf 

quocunque  solo  pulcherrimus  exis ;  75  '^^^[    '^^^^  \^^j; 

re  meo,  semper  celebrabere  donis  :  ■emper   meit  doni« :  O 

)|)eridum  fluvius  regnator  aquarum,  comiger  fluviua 

NOTE8. 

um:  the  name  of  the  city.  Virgil  intended  to  include  both :  aad,  tber«- 

uiera:  meke— ratiiy  a  treaty  fore,  exprcsBed  himtelf  ambifuoutly.     Dt<- 

vidson  renden  the  paetage  thus :  ^  here  it 

mine.    Thie  dofes  not  mean  my  spacibua  maneion ;  near  iofty  citiee  my 

«'ae  straight,  or  in  a  direct  fountain  springf.** 

;  would  leiul  him  to  the  place        66.  »AUo  laeu  :   the  deepeet  part  ol   tbe 

»n — ^to  the  residence  of  Evan*  gtream — the  bed  of  the  river. 
or  unerring  oouree.    ^beque        68.  Speeiaru  orientia^  Acc.    It  wai  a  cqs* 

eiis.  tom  of  the  ancients,  in  prayei,  to  tum  tbeir 

t  amnem.     By  this  we  are  to  faces  toward  tlie  east.     It  waa  also  a  cus 

current  of  the  river,  which  tora  to  wash  their  hands  before  they  per* 

n  as  he  ascended  it.     Ut  nilh-  formed  any  acts  of  religion.    Alneas  for  that 

>me  along,   you  may  over-  purpose  takes  water  (undam)  from  the  ri- 

ver,  and  tums  hb  face  toward  the  riiinc 

r/ru  eadenlihut :  tho  first  stars  sun. 

is  we  are  to  understand  the        74.  ^uoeunque  fonie :  in  whatever  plaee 

*he'stars  are  said  to  sot,  when  thy  lake  holds,  or  contains  \heti  pitying,  Slo* 

at  the  approach  of  the  sun.  It  was  the  opinion  of  some  pliilosophem, 

tem  ripat :  touching  lightly,  that  rivers  took  their  rise  from  great  iaket^ 

\y  along  the  banks  with  my  or  reservoirs  of  water  under  ground.  iEneee 

teaniem:  in  the  sense  ol  di"  here  promises  to  worship  the  god  Tiber,  in 

whatever  place  he  found  his  rvsidepce  ta 

ii^  lcc    There  are  some  com*  be ;  whether  in  his  primary  ressrroir,  in  hie 

take  these  words  in  a  pro«  fountain,  or  in  the  coorse  of  the  river.    Fon» 

lar  sense,  that  here  thould  be  te  appears  to  be  used  here  in  the  sense  cf 

y  eitiet — Rome,  the  empress  loeo. 

The  chief  difficulty  in  this        76.  Celebrabert.     Some  manusGri','Bhav« 

1,  the  present  for  the  f\iture :  veneralttre :  thou  shalt  be  worshiFpeid.    He- 

nks  this  not  very  material,  nore:  worsliip-^oieration. 

prophetic  or  oracular  sen«        77.  Comiger  Jtweiut.    Homs  ^.•'e  4n  em- 

take  them  in  a  literal  sense.  blem  of  power,  and  are  therefore,  appliea*» 

loe ;  my  soarce  or  head  risee  ble  to  the  Tiber,  here  csUed  the  raler  iftke 

Aom  lofty  citieB.    The  for-  Italian  rivers.    Bot  it  is  conunQH  ^\\k  ^% 

H  ite.    Bnt  it  ie  piobable,  poota  to  aaorib«  to  m«*n  >)m  \Miia  fX  >te 

29 


4:M  P.  VIRGU.U  MAKONIS 

AdsiH  6  tantiim,  et  propiito  tua  numina  fimMa ! 

Sic  memorat :  geminasque  legit  de  classe  biroBBi^ 
Remigioque  aptat :  socios  simul  instruit  amiis.         ( 
Bl.  Autem  i)cce  mon-  Ecce  autem  subitum  atque  oculis  mirabile  monstrai! 
■irura     «ubitum    atque  Candida  per  svlvam  cum  fetu  concolor  albo 
Zo'J:J:VrcoZ:  P>-ocubuit,  viridique  in  litore  conspicitur  sus : 
lor,  cum  albo  foetu  pro-  Quam  pius  iEneas,  tibi  enim,  tibi,  maxima  Juno, 
cubuit  por  sylvam  Mactat,  sacra  ferens,  et  cum  grege  sistit  ad  aram.     I 

84.  Quam  piua  ^neas  'fvhris  ek  fluvium,  quam  longa  est,  nocte  tumentem 

mactat  tibi,   (enim  tibi  L^niit ;  et  tacitA  refluens  ita  substitit  undi, 
tussua    e*t)    U    maxima  mv^*      \  •  ^        •     i     'j  i    j* 

Juno,  fcren.    eacra,   et  ^^«tis  ut  iii  morem  stagni  placidsBque  paludis 

■iBtit  tam  Sterneret  squor  aquis,  remo  ut  luctamen  abesset. 

88.  Ut  Btemcret  equor  Ergd  iter  inceptum  celerant  rumore  secundo. 

aquis  in    morem  miti»  Labitur  uncta  vadis  abies  :  mirantur  et  undas, 

"^^^  w.  .       Miratur  nemus  insuetum,  fulgentia  lonird 

92,  Nenius  insuetum  r,     ^       ..        ^.       .  ^.  *. 

hii  ipeetaeuliM  miratur  ^^uta  virfiin,  fluvio  pictasque  mnare  cannas. 

ecuta   virOm,   fulgentia  Olli  remigio  noctemque  diemque  fiitigant, 

•ongd  Et  longos  superant  flexus,  variisque  teguntur 

95.  Longos  flexua/u-  Arboribus,  viridesque  secant  placido  aK}uore  sylm 

^*  Sol  medium  cgbU  conscenderat  igneus  orbem, 

Curn  muros,  arcemque  procul,  et  rara  domonun 

Tecta  vident,  que  nunc  Romana  potentia  cceln 

NOTES. 

biili.    The  reaflon  of  this  ia,  that  the  roar-  89.  Ul  ttemerei :  that  it  miglit  lefrfl 

ing  noiae  of  rivera  reBombles  the  bcllowing  surface   of  ita  waten  in  tlie  maHiN^  I 

of  that  animal.     See  Geor.  IV.  372.     The  »,4quit :  the  dat.  in  the  tense  of  the  g<L 

Tiber  could  not  be  caUed  tho  liing  of  Italion  90.  Secundo    rumore,      By  thb  wf  ■ 

rivera  from  ite  magnitude ;  that  belongs  to  most   probably,  to   understand  ib»  M 

thc  Eridanus  or  Po,  called  the  king  of  ri-  and  acclamations  with  which  thej  aniMli 

vcfR.     Geor.  I.  482.     There  must  fa^  some  each  othcr,  underthe  aMuranceofftpn^ 

othor  reanon  for  it ;   the  future  magnitudo  ous  issue.     This  aiwurance  thcj  hvi  fi* 

and  glory  of  Rome,  built  on  its  banks ;   or  the  omon  of  the  white  sow.    They  aaitf 

Aneas  may  be  •upposod  to  epoak  from  hiH  etood  by  this  that  thcy  ehould  ncad  H 

own  knowlcdge,  «uppoHing  Uie  Tiber  to  be  their  wishos. 

ih«  largesl  river.     Fluvius^  hero,  ie  plainly  91.  Uncta  abiu  labihtr:  ihe  8hip|B* 

in  the  vocalivo  ca«e.  ca»ily   along   on   the   water,  as  if  ^^ 

78.  J^iwiina:  oraclcs — prophctic  dcclara-  moving  down  the  current.    Abiet:  Jti^ 

tions.  tlio  fir-tree ;  by  mcton.  a  ship,  bectnie^ 

84.   Enim   tibi,     Mr.    Dryden   saye    Ihe  wero  made  of  that  wood.     ThiBisll»** 

word  enim  was  of  Ruch  neceBsity  among  tho  given    by    Ruaeua   and  David«oiL   Hg 

Romans,  that  a  sacrifice  could  not  be  pcr-  connccts  ttcundo  rumorc  with  vndtf^ 

formed  without  it.     But  this  appeare  a  no-  underatanding  by  it  tlie  noise  ma^ii* 

tion  entireiy   his  own.     Servius  Bays,  it  is  water  by  tho  oara   and   the  keel  tf  ^ 

mercly    expletive   and   omamental.      It  is  moved  along.     Valpy  isofthemw^ 

plain  there  is  an  ellipsis,  which,  to   mako  ion.     It  appcara  to  be  an  unnec^fl^* 

■enso,  miist  be  fillcd.     £neas  had  just  been  finement. 

ordered  by  Tiberinus  to  offer  prayera  and  92.     Jntuetitm :    unaccustomed  to  *■ 

Hupplications  to  Juno,  and  to  overcome  hcr  sights.     Hit  tpeetaculit^  says  RogM»_  ^ 

resentmert  by  vows  and  offerings.     He  sa-  94.  Fatigant :  in  the  eenBe  of  fr«*** 

crifices  (martat)  to  thee,  O  siipreme  Juno  ;  Remifrio :  in  rowing. 

for  to  tiicc  he  was  commanded,  &c.     As  Ju-  95.  Flexut :  the  windinga  and  fiesti»' 

piter  is  callcd  Marimv-t^  so  Juno,  his  consort  the  river. 

and    queen,    is   called  Maxima.      For    the  96.  Secant  viridet :  they  cut  the  nii* 

same  roauun,  she  is  sometimes  called  omni'  trecs  in  the  smooth  surface— 4he  ihi^* 

f"/«w.  the  trces,  which  appeared  in  the  wil»' 

85    Gtrge :  her  pigs — ^litler  of  pigs.  the  river,  by  meton. 

86.  Ednoete:   in  that  night.     Tnmentem  97.  Medium  orbem.      This  i«  i  fc*  ■ 

ktmt :  h  tmoothcd  (lowere.;)  ite  swelling  cumiocution  for  themiddleofthediy.  ■> 

^mTrDt  sun  had  ascended  the  middle  of  hiiM'' 


JENfilS.    LIB.  Vni. 


tuni  res  inopes  ETandrus  babebat .  100 

iiiunt  proras,  tirbique  propinquant. 

e  Bolemnem  illo  rex  Arcas  honorem 

niads  magno  Divisque  ferebat, 

n,  in  luco.     Pallas  huic  filius  unk^ 

I  juvenum  primi,  pauperque  senatus,  106 

int :  tepidusque  cruor  fumabat  ad  aras. 

id£re  rates,  atque  inter  opacum 

us,  et  tacitis  incumbere  remis ; 

v\s\i  subito,  cunctique  relictis 

t  mensis :  audax  quos  rumpere  Pallas         110 

:,  raptoque  volat  telo  obvius  ipse, 

;  tumulo,  Juvenes,  quae  causa  subegit 

tare  vias  ?  qud  tenditis  ?  inquit. 

?  unde  domo?   pacemne  huc  fertb,  an  arma?     ll^*  Q^i  ^f*'  yuoad 


106.  Dabiuit  Ukikni 
hnic  Dco 

107.  Atquo  vtr«»ff  aHt- 
bi  inter 


111.  lp«eque,  telo  *«|i« 
to,  volat  obvius  ttf«  et 
procul  e  tumnlo  mquk 


iEneas  puppi  sic  fatur  ab  altft, 
e  manu  ramum  prstendit  olivs ; 

ac  tela  vides  inimica  Latinis, 
illo  profugos  egdre  superbo. 
petimus :  (erte  hsc,  et  dicite  lectos 
enisse  duces,  socia  arma  rogantes.  190 

t,  tanto  perculsus  nomine,  Pallas : 
V  quicunque  es,  ait,  cor&mque  parenlem 
ac  nostris  succede  penatibus  hospes. 

manu,  dextramque  amplexus  inhsBsit. 
ubeunt  luco,  fluviumque  relinquunt. 
1  iEneas  dictis  affatur  amicis : 
ijugen{^m,  cui  me  fortuna  precari, 
nptos  voluit  pnetendere  ramos : 
m  extlmul,  Danai^m  qudd  ductor  et  Arcas, 


116  V^"»: 

nnmn  r 


Qomo 


1S4.  Aocopit 
maou 

127.  Cui  fortun&  vo- 
125  luit  me  precari,  et  pm 
tendere 

129.  Eqnidem  non  ez* 
timui  faeere   ttf,    qiM 
/ores  ductor  DanAAnu  «1 
Arcas,  quodouo 


NOTES. 


7he  next  daj  afler  their  depar- 
rived  at  the  city  of  Evander ; 
aud  its  inhabitanta  poor. 
r  rex.  Evander  is  called  .^rr a#, 
because  he  was  a  native  of  that 
morem:  in  the  sense  of  tacrifU 

iitryoniadm  tnagno:    to   great 

L  patronymic  noun,  from  Am- 

husband  of  Alcmene,  the  mo- 

ulee,  by  Jove.     Seo  iEn.  VI. 

ni :  in  the  sense  of  offerebant. 
is:  silent — not  moving.  The 
;h  the  ^lleys  had  already  re- 
arrying  them  forward,  without 
0  of  the  oars,  which  conse- 
still.  The  oaramen  were  rest- 
r  oara  at  the  aamo  time,  iTimin* 

lenditit:  whither  are  you  go- 

;  in  thc  sense  of  beltum, 
got.     Moflt  probably  we  are  to 
f  this,  the  Trojanf  driven  from 
crintry,  aad  wandoriiiff  ftoni 


place  to  place  without  any  habitation.  The 
same  term  he  used,  JEn.  i.  2.  in  reference  te 
his  loaving  his  own  country,  Sic.  As  PaHas 
had  proponed  hia  questions  in  a  brief  man* 
ner,  so  ^neas  is  as  brief  in  his  answon. 
TVojugenas  profugoi  answcra  to  the  qoee- 
tion :  Qut  gentu^  et  unde  domo  ?  The  olive- 
branch  is  a  sufficient  reply  to  Paeem-ne  hue 
fertity  an  arma  f  To  remove  aiiy  suspicion 
arising  from  their  arms,  he  informs  him  they 
were  Jnimiea  Latinit.  Having  heen  mM9 
Mtisfied  of  their  friendly  intention,  Pallafl 
immediately  invites  them  on  shore. 

122.  Egredere:  come  onsliore— Iand,wli(»» 
ever  tliou  art — whatever  be  thy  nama» 
iEneas  had  informod  him  they  were  Tro- 
jans,  but  had  not  as  yet  told  his  name 

126.  Regem:  Evander. 

128.  Ramot  comvtot  vttta:  to  hold  out 
bodghs  adorned  witn  the  fillet.  Ghveboiight 
wrapped  around  with  wreaths  of  white 
wool,  tianging  down  over  the  hands  of  the 
suppliant,  were  emblems  of  peace,  and  do» 
noted  that  the  pefvoiis  came  w  ith  a  fViendlf 
intntk». 


430  P-  VUtaiLU  MARWNIS 

Quddque  k  stlrpe  fores  fremiiiis  conjunctos  j 
Sed  mea  me  virtus,  et  sancta  oracula  Divikn 
Cognatique  patres,  tua  terris  didita  fiima, 
Conjunxere  tibi,  et  fatis  eg^re  volentem. 
Dardanus,  Il^ica;  primus  pater  urbis  et  aucl 
ElectrlL,  ut  Graii  perhibent,  Atlantide  cretu 
Advehitur  Teucros  :  Electram  maximus  At 
Edidit,  sethereos  humero  qui  sustinet  orbes. 
196.  QuemeoDceptnm  Vobis  Mercurius  pater  est,  quem  candida  ll 
mndida  Maia  fudit         Cyllenes  gelido  conceptum  vertice  fudit 

At  Maiam,  auditis  si  quicquam  credimus,  A 
Idem  Atlas  generat,  coeli  qui  sidera  tollit. 

145.  Sic  genoM  amho-  Sic  genus  amborum  scindit  se  sanguine  ab 
rum  nMtnkm  tcindit  m    j£is  frctus  ;  non  legatos,  neque  prima  per  f 

143.  Ego  fretuB  hi«r«-  Xentamenta  tui  pepigi ;  memet  ipse,  meum 
'^  '^  ^  Objeci  caput,  et  supplex  ad  iimma  vem. 

146.  Eadem   Daunia  Gens  eadem,  qus  te,  crudeli  Daunia  beUo 
gons,  quie  insequitur  te  Insequitur :  nos  si  pellant,  nihil  abfore  cred 
crudeli  bello,  intequitur  Qujn  omnem  Hesperiam  penitus  sua  sub  j 

"*^^Q**Ft*f«n«.nf  m«r«  Et  marc,  quod  suprk,  teneant,  quodque  alli 
149.  L.I  teneant  mare,  '  ^         ^  «  ^      ..       L»    r^    i- 

quod  alluit  eam  supra,  Accipe,  daque  fidem.     Sunt  nobis  fortia  \h 

quodquc  alluit  eam  infra  Pe<5tora,  sunt  animi,  et  rebus  spectata  juvc 

152.  Ille  Evander}tLm'      Dixerat  iEneas :  iUe  oe  ocuioeque  loque 

dadnm  lurtrabat  oe  ocu-  Jamdudum,  et  totum  lustrabat  lumine  corii 

loeque  JErua  loqucntni   ^^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^.   ^t  te,  fortisaime  T 

NOTES. 

VJO.  ^  stirpe  foreseonjunetut^kc,    It  ap-  CyUentt:  gen.  of  CyUene: 

pcara  that  Evander  was  related  to  tlie  sons  Arcadia,  whore  Mercuiy  wi 

of  Atrcus,  A{jranieninon  and  Menelaui,  the  he  is  sometimea  called  CyU 
bitter  encniies  of  the  Trojans.     Atlas  was         143.  Genut:  inthesenae 

their   cominon    ancestor.      He    had    seven  milia, 
daughters  ;    of  one   of  them   Jovc    begat         144.  Non  pepigi  prima: 

Tantahi»,   the  grandfalher  of  Atreus.     Of  the  first  trial  of  your  inc 

anothor  (Maiu)  hc  begat  Mercury,  the  repu-  matter  by  ambassadors,  nc 

ted  fathcr  of  Evaiider.     Stirpe :  in  the  sense  have  come  in  person — I  hi 

of  ongine.  self  and  my  life  to  the  coi 

131.  Oracuia:  Uiese  were  the  answers  or  pigi:  ihe  perf.  o{  pango, 

retiponses  of  the   Sibyl.     Sce  Mn,  VI.  96.  prius  tt  sentavi  per  legatos^  < 

Diiixta  :  difTuscd — spread.  whicb  is  evidently  the  seni 

\3^.  Cof^nati  patres.     Elcctra,  the  daugh-         146.  Daunia:  an  adj.  f 

ter  of  Atlus,  was  the  mother  of  Dardanus,  by  father  of  Turnus. — Rutulh 
Jovc;  so  that  iBneas  and  Evander  had  the         149.  Et  marct  quod:  shc 

same    conimon    origin — Atlas    and     Jovo.  to  czpel  us,  they  hope  to  k 

Their  anccstors  were  relations.  all  Italy,  from  the  Adriatic 

133.  Fatis :  by  their  power — authority  ;  to  the  Tuscan  or  lower  sea 
thcy  fbrccd  or  impelled  me  hither  by  their         151.  Speetaia  rebut :  Xih 

authority.      Yet   he  camo  wilUngly — their  action.    ^nimi:  courage. 
comuiands   and  directions  concurred   with         153.  Lustrabat  lumine : 

his  own  inclinations.  attentive  eye.     Ijumine: 

135.  Crrtus  :    sprunff  from   Electra,  the  oeutis, 
daughtcr  of  Atlas.     Hero  the  poet  traces         157.  Hesionet:  Hesione 

tiio  line  of  relationahip  between  iEIneas  and  of  Laomedon,  king  of  Trc 

Evandcr.  Telamon,  king  of  the  islai 

137.  Edidit:  in  the  sense  of  ^otici/.  the  Stniu  Saronieut,     Ut 

139.  Pudii :  in  the  sense  of  peperii^  vel  Hesione;  put  in  appoeitiou 
tdidit,  159.  Proiinut,     Dr.  Tt 

140.  ^St  eredimut  quitquam:  if  we  give  inhitvay.  But  Arcadial 
aav  credit  to  things  heard — to  tradition.  Salamis.  It  muei  meaii«  f 
Atlac    8M£n.lV.Ul.iDdQ«QK.Ll3S.  emhnuimgkujnirm^/wim 


i 


iENElS.    LIB.  Vni'  48V 

ignosooque  libens !  ut  verba  parentis  166 

Anciiis»  magni  vultumque  recordor  I 
lini  Hesiones  visentem  regna  sororis 
ntiadem  Priamum,  Salamina  petentem, 
A.rcadi«  gelidos  inviaere  fines. 
I  prima  genas  vestibat  flore  juventa :  160 

Lie  duces  Teucros,  mirabar  et  ipsum 
ntiaden  :  sed  cunctis  altior  ibat 

Mihi  mens  juvenili  ardebat  amore 
re  vinim,  et  dextne  conjungere  dextram. 
ii  cupidus  Phenei  sub  mccnia  duxi.  165 

nsignem  pharetram,  Lyciasque  sagittas  166.  lUe  diMctdmm  de- 

i,  cblamydemque  auro  dedit  intertextam,  dit  mihi 

;  bina,  meus  qus  nunc  habet  aurea  Pallas. 
:}uam  petitis,  juncta  est  mihi  fccdere  dextra  : 
iim  primiim  terris  se  crastina  reddet,  170 

etos  dimittam,  opibusque  juvabo. 

icra  haec,  quando  huc  venistis  amici,  172*  Interea,  qiuuioo 

us  differre  ne&s,  celebrate  faventes  wm  vemrtie  huc  ianouam 

I,  et  lam  nunc  sociorum  assuescite  mensis.  «^k:--..»,  i..«  ..«»...  ^ 

t>i  dicta,  dapes  jubet  et  sublata  repom  1 76  cni,qu»  est  nefae  differra 

ramineociue  viros  locat  ipse  sedili :  175.    Ubi  hmo  dicta 

mque  toro  et  villosi  pelle  leonis  «iifi/,  jubet 

Sneam,  solioque  invitat  acemo. 
[  juvenes  certatim  araeque  sacerdos 
»sta  ferunt  taurorum,  onerantque  canistris    180 
>rat4e  Gcreris,  Bacchumque  ministrant. 
£neas,  simul  et  1'rojana  juventus, 
tergo  bovis,  et  lustralibus  extis. 

NOTES. 

9  his  rister  at  Salarois,  proceeded  to  make  excursioni  into  the  plain,  and  plnn- 

^mpany  and  attendants  to  visit  der  and  lay  waate  the  country.     Herculea 

rders  of  Arcadia.     Anchises  ac-  on  hia  retum  from  Spain,  happened  to  paae 

him,  with  whom  Evander,  then  this  way ;  and  having  diacovered  the  mon- 

ontracted  an   acquaintance   aiid  ster,  by  the  lowing  of  one  of  his  heifere, 

which  he  had  stolen,  came  upon  him  and 

re.    FloM  here   may   mean    the  slew  him.     For  this  act,  the  inhabitants  con- 

ui  cheeka,  before  he  had  properly  sidered  him  their  benefactor,  and  paid  him 

tusus  aays,  (anugtiM.     yealibat:  divine  honors. 

vetiiebai.  175.    Reponi:    to  be  replaced — broughl 

tnei,     Pheneum  or  Pheneus,  was  back.     They  had  finished  their  repast,  and 

Arcadia,  near   mount   Cyllene.  the  dishes  had  been  rcmoved. 
d  Anchises,  &c.  178.  Aeemo:  .maple— made  of  the  wood 

'iM ;  an  adj.  from  Lycia,  a  coun*  of  the  maple-tree. 

.  Minor,  whose  inhabitants  were         179.  Saeerdo*  ara.    The  feast  at  the  end 

beir  skill  in  archery.    Here  Apol-  of  the  ceremony  was  alwavs  considered  aa 

of  the  bow,  had  a  famous  temple.  a  part  of  the  sacrifice.    The  priest,  th«r»- 

li ;  in  the  sense  of  meA,  agreeing  fore,  does  nothing  out  of  character  in  serv- 

(.  ing  at  this  entertainment. 
ri7to.    This  may  refcr  to  tho  men,         180.  7W/a  vueera;  the  roasted  flesh,  JMu 
nder  sent  with  him  to  tlie  war,        181.  Dona  laborala  Cereris :  a  circumlo* 

,  to  the  provisiona,  and  other  ne-  cution  for  brcad.    Baeehum :  for  rinum. 
.'ilh  which  he  furnishcd  him.  183.  Tcrfi;o perpeitti  bovis :  they  feast  upoB 

:rea  hvc  sarra.  This  is  an  cpisode  the  chine  of  an  entire  ox,  and  the  hallowed 

tst  kind,  and  ndds  much  to  tJie  entrails.    At  some  of  their  entertainmenta, 

of  this  book.     Tho  story  in  brief  it  is  evident  from  Homer,  that  tho  ancienta 

:us,  a  monstcr,  the  son  of  Vulcan,  uscd  to  roast,  and  senre  up   whole  oxen. 

ifid  half  bcast,  liad  h'm  residence  Homer  assignB  the  chine  to  hia  heroca^and 

BMible  mountain,  whenca  he  uaed  that  whola  ind  untoilluiik. 


IW  p.  MRGILU  MARONI8 

Postquam  exempta  fames,  et  amor  ccmpre 
Rex  Evandnis  ait :  Non  hflec  solemnia  nd 
Has  ex  more  dapes,  hanc  tanti  nmninis  an 
Vana  superstitio  veterumve  ignara  Deonin 
Imposuit :  ssvis,  hospes  Trojane,  periclis 
Servati  facimus,  meritosque  novamus  hono 
Jam  prim^m  saxis  suspensam  hanc  aspice 
191.  Uttnolesduject»  Disjects  procul  ut  moles,  desertaque  mont 
tuni  pfocul  gj^^  domus,  et  scopuli  ingentem  trax6re  n 

193.  Hlc  fuif.  epolunca  jjj^  spelunca  fuit  vasto  submota  recessu, 

^r^  Jn"!^i.rS  Semihominis  Caci  facies  quam  dim  teneba 
qaun  luacceMun  nuiiis  ^  ..    ^  ...       ^ 

iiolis,  dira  facies  Sous  maccessam  radus  ;  semperque  recen 

Casde  tepebat  humus ;  foribusque  afiixa  sa 
Ora  viHim  tristi  pendebant  pallida  tabo. 
Huic  monstro  Vulcanus  erat  pater :  illius 
199.  lUe  vomen»  atroe  Qf^  vomens  ignes,  magnft  se  mole  ferebat 
Ijnes  illius  palrii  ex  ore  ^^^^,j^  ^^  ^^j^-g  aliquando  optantibus  a^ 

terebat  se  *      -i-  j       *  t\  •  • 

tOl.Nam  Aicideeade-  Auxilium  adventumque  Dei :  nam  maximi 

fmt,  mazimua  ultor  e/t-  Tergemini  nece  Geryonis  spoliisque  supei 
wUnum^  superbua  nece,  Alcides  aderat :  taurosque  hhc  victor  agei 
■poliiaque  Ingentes :  vallemque  boves  amnemque  tei 

At  furiis  Caci  mens  effera,  ne  quid  inausii 
Aut  intractatum  scelerisve  dolive  fuisset, 
t09.  Atque  occultabat  Quatuor  k  stabulis  pnestanti  corpore  taui 
hoa  opaco  saxo,  tractos  Avertit,  totidem  formft  superante  juvencai 
iSA^ili^eei^Srdf*]."^:  Atqu«  hos,  „e  qua  for«„t  pedibu-  yertigi. 
arum,  ne  qua  vertipa  CaudA  m  speluncam  tractos,  versisque  VB 
f()rent  ex  pedibus  roctis  Indiciis  raptos,  saxo  occultabat  opaco. 

NOTES. 

184.  Compressus:  wasallayed.    Theverb  l99.Magndfnole:otYuA 

eti  ia  undorstood.        .  200.    JEtas  aliqtumdo: 

186.  Hanc  aram:  thifl  sacrifice  in  honor  brought  also  aid,  and  the 

of  so  ^reat  a  jjrod.     Ara^  by  meton.  for  tho  to  us  wishing  it — greatli 

nacrifico  offerod  upon  it.  also.     It  brought  aid^  &c 

lit7.   J^uii  sitperstiiio :    not  superstition,  done  to  many  others,  who 

▼ain  and  ignoraiit  of  the  old  gods,  hath  im-  culos  had  redressed. 

posod  on  us  those  solomn  rites,  thcsc,  &c.  202.  Geryonit :  Geryo 

Suporstition  hore  is  opposcd  to  religion.  Tho  three  bodics,  because  hc 

fornior  was  tho  worship  of  modom  gods,  to  three  islands,  Majorca,  1 

the  nogloct  of  the  old  ones ;  whilo  the  lattor  on  tho  Sponish  coast  of  t 

was  adlioring  to  the  established  worship  of  Soe  ^n.  vi.  289. 

tJio  old  gods  cxclusively.     The  roligion  of  204.  Amnem  ^  this  mu 

Evandcr  w&s  not  a  false  siiperstition,  disro-  of  the  rivor,  and  not  tbo  r 

garding  tho  ancient  gods,  and  the  establish-  in  the  sense  of  concilata 

^d  onier  of  thoir  worship.     It  woa  foundod  niind  of  Cacus,  by  meton 

in  friatitudo  to  Hcrcules,  for  a  groat  doiivor-  208.  Avertit :  m  thesei 

anco  frnin  a  most  cruel  monster.  perante  :  in  the  sense  of  e 

1  }{0.  Meritos  honores :  Rueua  says,  mert-  Tho  prep.  i  is  undcrstoo< 

tum  rultiitn.     vVoramu*:  we  repeat.  It  also  govems  rorpore,  in 

191.  Ut :  in  the  scnse  of  quomodo,  209.    JV«  qua  vestigia 

194.  Dira  facies  Caciy  Kc.  Dr.  Trapp  moaning  is  :  that  Cacu 
Dbservos,  it  ia  a  poculiar  olegancy  in  poolry,  backward  to  his  cave,  tha 
to  put  a  pcr8on's  most  remarkablc  quality  Boem  to  procced  from  it ; 
in  a  Nubstantive,  as  an  epithet  to  him  in  an  searchcr  for  thcm  the  o 
adjcrtivc.  Thus :  sapientia  Ledi^  for  wise  that  means  prevent  disco 
Lieliuit.  /^»>  i/frrii/w,  for  powerful  Hercu-  2\\.  Sa^o  opaco.  By  \ 
lee.  Dira  facics  Casi^  for  direful-looking  stand  has  cave,  which  wa 
Cicus.     Soe  supra.  172,  tain.     Or  by  taxum^  tha 

197.  Ora :  in  the  aeiiM  q£  capitcu  ^«  iivf)t^\k  ^  eQtrmnee  ci 


JSNEIS.    UB.  Vin.  439 


em  nuUa  ad  spoluncam  signa  ftjrebant.  <1S*  NuIU  sipia  fm* 

:um  jam  stabulis  saturata  moveret  ^^  *«^   ^juBronteni 

yoniiuies  annonta,  abitumque  pararet,  ^^ 

mugire  boves,  atque  omne  querelis  215     S15.   Bovm  eapenmt 

lemns  et  culles  clamore  relinqui.  mugire  diftcom,  atquo 

una  boum  vocem,  vastoque  sub  antro  ®r*"®  ^^^  ^^  *?*• 

M  Caci  spem  custodit.  fefellit.  Sf^TtS-Ji'^ 

•  AlcidsK  furiis  exarserat  atro  more 
or  :  rapit  arma  manu,  nodisque  gravatum     220 

jt  aerii  cursu  petit  ardua  montis.  221.  Arduajft^  aorii 

rnum  nostri  Cacum  vidcre  timentem,  "'^IJl^  nr  _-  •  i 

••         1^1     •.  •;•    s.  «:«  SS2.  Noetn  AofmiMf 

Ti<]ue  oculis.     rugit  ilicet  ocyor  Luro, 

inique  petit :  pedibus  timor  addidit  alai. 
nclusit,  ruptisque  immane  catenis  22A 

laxum,  ferro  quod  et  arte  patemft 
t ;  fultosque  emuniit  objice  postes ; 
ens  anirnis  aderat  Tirynthius,  omnemque 
m  lustrans,  huc  ora  ferebat  et  illuc, 
infreridens.     Ter  totum  fervidus  irA  2^ 

.\ventini  montem ;  ter  saxea  tentat 
lequicquam ;  ter  fessus  vaile  resedit. 

:;uta  silex,  pnecisis  undique  saxis,  .^*.  <^<n^n^  deztor 

B  dorso  insurgens,  altissima  visu,  nitone  in  advonum  con 

nidis  domus  opportuna  volucnim.    '  236  l^^  ^"'*'   "'l^fV  "* 

,  '^'^  1    i    .     j  prona  uicuiiibobat  juto 

:  prona  jugo  l»vum  incumbebat  ad  amnem,  ad  Iievum   imnem,  ot 

n  adversum  nitens  concussit,  et  imis  oolvit  eom  avulum 

NOTES. 

18  cave,  by  shutting  the  entranco  Thoy  think    that  Cacus  by  his  eyoe  oz* 

n.     Indieiit:  in  the  sonse  of  signi».  presaed  hio  foar  and  diamay.     Rueus  ■»/■ 

uarentem :  Herculoa  searching  for  mtu. 

Ferebani :  in  the  ■onao  of  duec'  226.  Paiema  arte  :  by  his  father*a  art. 

The  Cyclops,  the  sorvants  of  Vulcan.  aro  «ud 

biium :   a  sup.  in  utn^  of  abeo ;    to  to  have  invented  the  art  of  fortifying  cities. 

227.  PoMtes :  properly  the  door-posts.   By 

isrefsnt :  in  their  departure — as  he  meton.  the  door  or  entrance.     Objiee :  firom 

II ^  them  oiT.     This  bellowing  of  obexy  a  bolt  or  bar — any  thing  that  shutteth 

was  in  consequence  of  the  loss  of  in  or  out,  and  proventeth  passage.    PuUob: 

t  had  becn  stolen  by  Cacus.     At  secured. 

lent  oiie  of  those  shut  up  in  the  228.  THrynihius.    A  name  of  Hercules,. 

Tini^  tho  bellowing  of  her  mates,  from  Tirynthus^  a  town  of  Argolis,  in  the 

,  and  by  that  means,  led  to  a  disco-  Peloponnesus,  where  he  passed  tho  greator 

part  of  his  youth. 

elinqui :  tho   lills  were  lefl  by  the  229.  Ferebai  ora :  he  cast  his  eyc^^h^ 

proceed  on  their  way ;  and  conso-  looked  on  every  sido. 

they  would  ceaso  to  resound  with  233.  Aeuta  silex  stabat^  kc,    The  mean* 

^n  of  the  herd.  ing  of  the  passage  is  this  :  on  tke  side  ol 

uriii :  in  the  sense  of  in  furias.  the  cave,  stood  a  large  flinty  rock,  and  pro- 

ofor  alro  felie :  then  indoed  rage  jecting  with  its  top  over  the  river  on  the  left. 

black  gnll  of  Hercules,  flamod  into  This  the  hero  observing,  he  took  his  stand 

Viofic .'  gcn.  of  Aleides^  a  name  of  opposite  to  it  on  the  right;  and  exertinghia 

Tho  poet  here  supposes  the  gall  streugth,  started  it  from  its  bed,  and  pwled 

leat  of  thc  an^rrj  passions.  it  over.     By  this  means,  an  aperturo  waa 

obur:   the  club  was  tlie  principal  made  into  the  cave  of  the  monster.    This 

f  Hcrcules.  cave  was  on  Mount  jfren/mut,  on  tho  eatfl 

culis.     By  this  is  ovidently  meant  of  the  Tiber.     Saxis  prtecisis  undienu  *  tho 

of  Herculee.     On  secing  Uie  hero  rock  being  sharpened  or  tapored  ail  aroand 

.  Cacus  was  flllod  with  fear  and  toward  tho  top.    This  roek  was  a  siiita» 

ition.     Dr.  Trapp  and  Mr.  David-  ble  plaoe  Ibr  the  haonta  of  inaasflQUiisa 
,  give  a  very  singolar  tom  to  thk. 


1 


p.  mfiiui 


NoatulkAkklM , 

***'  Pnedpiti  jedt  nlm,  qak  \ 

FiBMM  «git,  nebullque 

Hie  Cecom  in 
■■■  Corripiti  in  noduai  com|ilem ; 

EBm  octiloe,et 

FuMfilMr  iwrtfiuplft  IbiihM 

AbfllnclKque  bovoi,  alijunlsqM 
^  Ccblo  oHeDdnntnr ;  pedibueqiie 
Protinlntur.    Neqiieunt  ezpleii 

HOTE8. 


t36.  Juf^9 :  in  the  Mnse  of 

S38.  SoUtil :  loosened  iL 

239.  Qiio  impuUu :  by  Uie  faH  of  which. 

S40.  llipaduMuUtmi.  iAT.DmdmmthxakM 

lie  ifl  to  be  Uken  in  &  literml  sense;  the 
baafce  leep  diflTerent  waje.  The  tnmbling 
loefc  thatien  the  bank,  and  makee  it  flj  in 
pieeee.  ThoM  •hatlered  frafmente,  together 
wtth  the  fpUnieni  of  the  rock,  falling  into 
the  riFer*  drire  baofc  ita  caiTent.  Thia 
plain  natnral  eiEMl,  the  poet  deacribee  in 
animated  ftjrle:  DistuUant  ripa^  kc 

f41.  Deieeia:  nncoTered. 

S42.  Vmbroim:  io  the  •enae  of  ienebrauB. 
PmUut:  widely— deeply. 

244.  ReterH:  m  the  Moae  of  aperiat. 

245.  Iwoita  DU:  abhorred^hated  by  the 
goda.  Rusiui  interpreta  iwritA,  by  inatpec' 
tm  :  mueen— 'invirible.  Dr.  Trapp  thmks 
thia  to  be  one  of  the  finoat  nmiieM  that  ever 
waa  written.  The  idea  b  taken  from  Ho- 
mer.  Iliad,  Lib.  20.  S^per:  in  the  aenM 
of  duuper. 

248.  Rudeniem  ituuei^:  roaring  hugely 
/fUiiela :  an  adj.  nea.  plu.  taken  as  an  adv. 
m  Iniitation  of  the  Greeks. 

tM»  Hamii,  Herethebooghsaretakenfor 
lh«  trees  that  bore  them.  by  synec  ;  for  the 
iMWJffc*  y^  ould  haTe  been  too  feeble  weapons. 


253.  bwohii:  in 

254.  OcuHm:  from 
Olomerai:  whiila 

256.  AfumiM  :  in 

257.  qum  JkmMM: 
oends  thicfceet  in 
the  oapacioiie  den 
•moke. 

200.  InhMtrem 
•queesM  his  ejM 
and  his  throatdi 
hini  M  fast  aboat 
startedfrom  their 
the  circulation  of 
quence  of  whioh  w; 

263.  ^bMtraeimi 
len  or  filched  heifers 
ia  rapina :  abjured 
bly  theM  were  thin] 
nied  upon  oath  to 
sion. 

264.  Cetlo:  m 

265.  Cmda:  '< 
pteulfL 


I 


JSNEIS.    LIB.  Vm.  All 

xrulos,  vultum,  villosaque  setli 

iniferi,  atque  extinctos  faucibus  ignes.  S67.  Pectora  semiferi 

elebratus  bonos,  laetique  minores  ^*^*  viUoia         

diem ;  primusque  Potitius  auctor,  uf^S^JH:  3^ 

hierculei  custos  rinana  sacn,  270  i^^  ^^ 

luco  statuit ;  quse  maxima  semper  270.   £t  Pinaria  do- 

bis,  et  erit  quce  maxima  scmper.  mus,    cuslos    Herculei 

B,  6  juvenes,  tantarum  in  munere  laudum,        •'^" 
[ide  comas,  et  pocula  p6rgite  dextris ; 

rique  voc^te  Deum,  et  date  vina  volentes.  875.  HerctUem  com> 

Elcrculeft  bicolor  ciim  ix>pulus  umbrA         276  oiunem  Deum. 
comas,  fuliisque  innoxa  pependit ; 
iplevit  dextram  scyphus.     Ocyus  omnes 

laUi  iibaiit,  Divosque  precantur. 
intereli  propior  fit  vesper  Oiympo  :  280 

:crdotes,  primusque  Potitius,  ibant, 
morem  cincti,  flammasque  ferebant. 

epulas,  et  mens^  grata  secundaj  ^3^  ^^^  g^,^j  ^^,„^„ 

t,  cumuianlque  oneratis  iancibus  aras.  ^ad  tempora  populeie 

id  cantus,  incensa  altaria  circum  285  ramifl  adjiunt 

NOTES. 

>r :  institutor — founder.  278.  Seyphui :  a  larfe  vcMel  or  cup  uted 

(1 :  in  tlie  sense  oifamilia,  Sa^  by  Hercules,  and  ■acred  to  tliat  |^.     It  in 

cnse  of  tacrijicxiy  says  Ruaeus.  of  Greeli  origin. 

per — preaerver.     Rusue  mter-  280.    Vuper  JU  :    the   evening  becomn 

inistra ;  whi(:h  implies  tliat  this  nearer,  the  heaven  being  set — the  day  being 

iiicd  tlie  offeringB  and  sacrificcs  closed.   This  is  said  according  to  the  notioa 

thcmselves.     Davidson  rendcrs  of  those  philosophers,  who  tauiriit  that  tht 

ositury  ofthis  institution  sacred  whole  heavens  revolve  about  the  eartb  in 

'  the  space  of  twenty-four  hours.     As  the 

dicetur:  which  shall  always  be  homisphere  of  day  sets,  tliat  of  the  night 

rcatcst  by  us,  &c.      Dionysius  arises.     Derexo  Olymp^ :  the  day  drawmg 

lat  this  was  the  altar  on  which  toward  a  close.     This  is  the  bctter  vcrsion. 

trcd  the  tenth  of  his  spoils.    On  For  night  had  not  yet  arrivcd.     It  yvKH  onlj 

it  becaine  the  object  of  their  fast  approaching — it  was  coming  near. 

tion ;  aiid  was  therefore  called  282.  Cincii :  clad  in  skins  aci*ording  to 

JHtinguish  it  from  the  numerous  custom.     This  custom  was  founded  on  the 

that  hcro  had  in  Italy.  habit  of  Hercules,  which  was  tlie  sk.n  nf  a 

're  taniarum :  in  the  celebration  lion. 

virtuo,  &c.     Laudum :  praisu-  284.  Cttmulani  arcu  :   they  heap  the  al« 

$.     Munut^  says  Donatus,  dici^  tars  with  full  chargers.     La  Cerda  under- 

tisque  rei  perjicienda  impoiita  stands  this  of  the  incense,  wiiich,  on  noleinn 

If  facimdi,  occasions,  used  to  be  offered  ou  broad  platcs. 

mnrm  Deum.   Those  gods  were  This  seems  to  agree  best  witli  the  following 

nes^  or  comnion,  who  were  wor-  words  :  ctmun  incerna  altaria  :  around  the 

iccount  of  thcir  gencral  good,  altars  burning  with  incense.    Others  refcr  it 

!uch  were  Mars  and  Mercury.  to  the  dona  teeunda  menue ;  the  fruits  and 

)  one  of  them.    The  Arcadians,  otlier  delicacies  which  used  to  be  ser\'cd  up 

l   Italians,  cqually   worshipped  in  the  socond  course;    and,  in   thc  sacrcd 

banquets,  were  first  presentcd  on  thc  altat 

^us  birolor^  &c   The  poplar  tree  by  way  of  consecration.     The  ancients  di- 

0  Hcrcules,  bccausc,  in  liis  de-  vided  their  feasts  into  one,  two,  and  Home» 
hc  madc  hiinself  a  crown  of  the  times   tliree   courses,    or  tables  :    tliu   fint 

1  treo.  Thc  part  next  his  head  course  consisted  of  meats,  which  bcing  re« 
?oIor,  whilc  thc  outer  part  be-  moved,  a  second  course  was  brou^riit  on, 
vith  the  Bmokc  of  the  infcmal  consisting  of  fruits,  deserts,  wine,&c.  They 
ncc  it  is  callcd  6iro/or :  double-  wero  denominated  prtma  menui^  ttcuihdii 
rctilin  umbra :  with  its  Hercu-  menta^  &c. 

285.  Saliu    These  woro  a  choir  of  t\i  elve 
a  :  in  the  sense  of  implieata,    men  of  patricJan  Offdttr«  ^tsl  \ivii6:ja\K4  \ei 


449  P   YIRGILn  MARONTS 

f  M7.    [iic  ui  chorut  Populeis  adsunt  eviiicti  tempora  ramifl. 
juremini,  ille  eii  ehonu  jjjc  juvenum  chorus,  ille  senum;  qui  cannine  huda 

""^^^SS^Li^.»»»- «-   Ilerculeas  et  lacta  ferunt :  ut  prima  noverc» 
Zob.  Ut  preinons  ma-  _,  i*       •^ 

nu  eliMrii  prinia  moo-  Monstra  manu,  gcnunosque  premens  elisent  anguei, 
■tra   nuvtTciD   Junonia^  Ut  bcllo  egrcgias  idem  disjecerit  urbes,  1 

geininoKque  angiioK :       l'rojamque,  &chaliam(|ue ;  ut  duros  mille  laborM 

293.  Tu,  O  iiivicte  Ae-  Rege  sub  Eurvstheo,  fatis  Junonis  iniquae, 
Zbi^ZT  ^""''°**~'  Pertulerit.     Tu  nubigenas,  invicte,  bimembn», 

'^96.  Cerbcnu  janitor  Hylaeumque,  Pholumque  manu ;  tu  Creasia  mactu 
Ocri,  recubans  crucnto  Prodigia,  et  vastum  Nemefe  sub  rupe  lconem . 
aiitro  «upor  BcmoBa  ossa,  Te  Stygii  tremuere  laciis :  te  janitor  Orci, 
iremuu  te :  nec  ulla  fa-  (jggj^  guper  recubans  antro  semesa  cruento. 

0108  tcrnururit  te  x-       ^       «      i»    •  a         -a.  •         rn u 

300.  LcmiL.u«  anguia  ^^^  *«  ""®  ^^^««i  "on  terruit  ipse  TyphoBus 
vam  turba  capitum  cir-  Arduus,  arma  tenens:  non  te  rationis  egentem 
cumstctit  tc  non  ogen-  Lcrnsus  turbft  capitum  circumstetit  anguis.  3U0 

tem  raiionis.  Salve,  vera  Jovis  proles,  decus  addite  Divis ; 

tm    Th  dcxtor  adi  et  ^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^^^  ^j;       j^  3^^^  secundo. 

1108  et  tua  sacra  ^  ^ 

NOTES. 

Numo  in  honor  of  Mars.     Virgil  suppoaof  imposed  on  him  the  eeTeregt  labon,  at  Ifti 

tliat  Evandcr  was  tlic  ibundor  of  it  in  ho-  instance  of  Juno,  with  an  intcntioo  toi»> 

nor  of  llerculcs,  80  cailod  from  ra/to.  Evan-  troy  him.     Juno  wae  ihe  bitter  eneBjrf 

der  dividcd  his  band  into  two  choirs;  tlie  her  stepson.     Hence  she  if  called 

oneconsistingofyouthSfthootherofoldmcn.  Junonit,    Fa/u :  by  the  order — deali 

286.  ^^dsunt :  in  the  sonso  ofaeeeduni  vel  Per  potettatem  Junonit^  saye  RuanaL 

taltanl,      Cantut:    music — song.      Rueua  293.  ^ulngenat :  the  doud-boni 

•ays,  inter  eantut.  They  were  fabled  to  hare  been  ibe 

2(18.  Feruni  carmxne :  thcy  celebrate  in  Yften  and  Jfubet.    Their  Qpper  ptit  ni 

■onff  thc  praises  of  Horcules,  and  his  horoic  human,  their  lower  part  a  horM.     Hmm 

docds.     Tho  ehiof  of  thoso  are  ten,  which  tlioy  are  called  6iM«n Jre< :  double  meaibeit& 

are   donominated  labort.      1.  Whon  tn  his  Tlie  truth  of  the  fable  ia  thi8 :  MouotP»- 

cradlc,  Iie  killed  the  two  scrponts  that  Juno  lion  waa  infested  by  a  ■pecic»  of  wtld  ctfdi 

sent  to  devour  him  ;  2.  Ho  took  Troy  in  tho  or  bulls,  that  proved  very  irouUccometothi 

reigu  t}f  Luomedon,  bccausc  hc  rcfusod  to  inhabitants  of  the  adjacent  country.    Ixi(Mi 

pay  llie  promised  rcward  for  delivering  his  kiug  of  Thossaly,  offcred  a  great  reviri  !• 

dauj^litcr   Iltsione    from    a    whale;    3.  Ho  any  who  should  dcstroy  theni.   WbereD|Mii 

dcsiro}  cd  thc  city  of  OEchaiia^  iu  Thcssaly,  tho  young  mon  of  a  village  called  ^'tfktlt 

becausn  Eurytus,  its  king,  refusod  to  givo  undertook  *t.   For  this  purpose  thcy  idodbW 

him  Iiis  daughter  uttor  he  had  promised  her  cd  on  horscback,  and  attackcd  them  vilk 

to  him  ;  4.  Thc  8er\'itudo  imposed  upon  him  such  buccoss,  that,  in  a  short  time,  iheyiraf 

bv    Eurystheus,  king  of   Mycense  ;    5.  His  uttcrly  dostroyod.     Hence  the  fable  of  tknr 

victory  over  tlic  ccntaurs,  a  pooplo  of  Thcs-  bcing  bcgottcn  by  Ixion  on  a  cloud^JVlnUc 

Baly ;  6.  f lis  victory  ovcr  tho  bull  that  ra-  being  tlio  Greck  word  for  a  cloud.    Tky 

vaged  Crcte.     This  bull  vomitod  or  breath-  wcrc  called  Centauri^  from  the  circomitiMi 

cd  flaniRs.     Somo  say  hc  killed  h:m,  others  of  thoir  killing  theae  bulls.       TVi,  uirkft: 

tliat  Iic  carricd  iiim  to  Eurysthcus  ;  7.  His  This  is  a  bcautiful  transition  from  thethirl 

victory  ovcr  th6  lion  in  tho  Nemsan  grove ;  pcrson  to  tho  socond.     Thia  figure,  propvh 

C.  His  descont  into  hell ;  9.  He  assisted  the  uscd,    ronders    compoaition    auimated  im 

gods  ii)  t)io  w  ur  against  tlie  giants ;   10.  He  lively. 

killod  thc  hydra  of  a  hundred  hcads  in  the  294.    Crettia  prodigia  :     the    bnll   Ikit 

Ifike  of  Lonui.     It  iw  suid  hc  Iruilt  a  funeral  brcatlied  fire,  and  tlie  nind  ^'ith  braxeaftii 

pili>  (tii  nu>uiit  Chlta^  in  ThosKaly,  on  which  Prodigia  :  monsters. 

hc  threw  liimself;  and  having  bocomo  pu-  296.  Tremuere:  in  the  sense  of  liaii«nwrf 

riHtui  from  all  niortal  pollution,  ho  ascendcd  299.  Egentem  rationit :  wanting  piiiiepet 

to  ii«;uven,  und  tuok  a  «cat  among  tho  gods.  of  mind — reaBon.     Cirettmtieiii :  surroani* 

Seo  Le.x.  undcr  Horculcs.     Fcrunt :  in  the  ed — assaultcd  on  every  side. 

Ecwne  of  mtmorant  vei  celtbrani.  20\,  Jiddite:    added   to   the  gods  •■  ■ 

289.  Prnnens :  grasping  in  his  hand,  he  honor  to  their  assembly.     Jiddiie :  a  pait 

killed  tho  fiist  nionstcrs,  &c.     Ut :  how.  agreoing  M'ith  vera  proteM^  in  the  toc 

292.   Eurytthco.     Eurysthous  wae  king  of  302.  Dexter:  favorable— propitiona.  Jliti 

Myoene,  to  whom  Herculos  waa  made  sub-  approach — vipit.     Rumuf    Miya,  eem.   & 

J9Ct  by  the  fateii  for  a  lerm  of  yoaia.    He  eundo  pede :  with  fkTOirabla 


iENEis.  LiB.  yni  44a 


Talia  canninibus  celebrant ;  super  omnia  Caei 
Cpeluncam  adjiciunt,  spirantemque  ignibus  i[isuin. 
CoDflonat  omne  nemus  strepitu,  collesque  resultant,  306 

Czin  se  cuncti  divinis  rebus  ad  urbem 
^-  ^  -^   referunt.     Ibat  rex  obsitus  aevo ; 


Et  comileui  iEneam  juxt^  natumque  tenebat 

Ingredieiis,  varioque  viam  sermone  levabat. 

Miratur,  faciles<iue  oculos  fert  omnia  circum  310 

iEneas,  capiturque  locis  ;  et  singula  laetus 

Exquiritque  auditque  virAm  monumenta  priorum. 

Tum  rex  Evandrus,  Romanse  conditor  arcis :  313.  Conditci  Roma- 

Ilaec  nemora  indigens  Fauni  Nymphseque  tenebant,  ^  *'?'■  *»^"»^«  F«***«« 

Oensque  virilm  truncis  et  duro  robore  nata :  316  ^^„Tfn«  ^^Sn,*^.^ 

Qucis  neque  mos,  neque  cultus  erat ;  nec  jungere  tauros 
"^  Aut  componere  opes  norAnt,  aut  parcere  parto ; 

8ed  rami,  atque  asper  victu  venatus  alebat. 

Primus  ab  aethereo  venit  Satumus  Olympo, 

Anna  Jovis  fugiens,  et  regnis  exul  ademptis.  320 

b  geims  indociie  ac  dispersum  montibus  altis 
-   Cmnposuit,  legesque  dedit :  Lntiumque  vocari  322.  Maliutqae  rq^ 

^  Maluit,  his  quoniam  latuisset  tutus  in  oris.  onem    vocari     Latium, 

^  Aurea,  quae  perhibent,  illo  sub  rege  fuerunt  quoma 

^'  fhBcula  ;  sic  placid&  populos  in  pace  regebat.  326 

Deterior  donec  paulatim  ac  decolor  setas, 

-  Bt  belli  rabies,  et  amor  successit  habendi. 

^  Tam  manus  Ausonise,  et  gentes  ven^re  Sicanie : 
'"Sepius  et  nomen  posuit  Satumia  tellus. 

^.  Tum  reg^,  asperque  immani  corpore  Tybris ;  330  ^'  «prrqTV^' 

.   A  quo  pdat  Itali  fluvium  cognomme  Tybnm  er  immani  corpore  venU, 

'^  Dizimus  :  amisit  verum  vetus  Albula  nomen.  i  quo  noi  Itali  poat 

•_ 

♦  NOTES. 

303.  Super  omnia:  above  all — in  addltion  tion  of  the  etate  of  the  spot  where  Rome 

'    lo  all  other  things.  was  afterward  built,  and   its   comparison 

307.O6ft/ta  cBPo:  eown  thick  with  ag^e —  with  ita  state  when  the  poet  wrote,  must 

-  irith  gray  hairs,  and  other  marks  of  age.  have  been  highly  gratifying  to  his  country- 
'    This  is  a  metaphor  taken  from  a  field  of  men. 

'    ooni.  318.  Aiper:  in  the  sense  of  durut. 

310.  Faeiles  oeuha:  his  rolling  eyes — his        329.    Regnis  ademplU :    his  possessiona 
"*    9J9B  oager  to  obsorve  the  Farious  scenes  that    rkingdom)  being  taken  from  him — banished 

prcaented  to  his  view.  from  his  throne  and  kingdom. 

311.  Capitur:  is  captivated— charmed.  322.  Composuii:  he  united  together— he 

312.  Singula :  all — every  one.  This  word    formed  into  society  a  race,  &c. 

OignifieR  all  taken  singly— one  by  one.  326.  Donee  dtttrior  *  till,  by  little  and  Ht* 

313.  Conditor  liomana  areii,     Evander^s  tle,  a  depraved  and  corrupt  agc,  and  a  rage 
eity   Pailanteum  was  built  upon  the  hiU,  for  war,  &c.    Here  is  an  allusion  to  the  sil- 
mfterward  called    mone  Palatiniu  ;    where  ver,  brass,  and  iron  ages.     See  Ecl.  iv.  6. 
Romulus  laid  the  foundation  of  Rome.  327.    Habendi:    of  possessing — getticg 

314.  Indigenm:  properly,  a  sub.  here  used  wealth. 

■•  an  adj.:  bom  in  tho  place— native  of  the  329.  Potuii  nomen:  changed  its  name — 

•>  eountry — not  foreign.  laid  it  down. 

315.  Gena  viriim  nala:  a  race  of  men  330.  7^6m.  He  was  a  king  of  the  Toi»- 
■pnmg  from  the  trunks  of  trees  and  hard  cans,  and,  being  slain  near  the  river,  gave 
ook.  At  first  men  inhabited  the  deserts  and  his  name  to  it.  Its  original  name  was  AI« 
foroets.  Hence  they  were  thoueht  to  have  bula.  Some  derive  its  name  from  7\boHnM$t 
•prung  from  trees.  Mot:  in  Sie  sense  of  king  of  the  Albans,  who  was  drowiied  In 
Uges.     Cuilui :  civil  institutions.  it.    Aiper :  fierce. 

317.  ./fii/  pareere  parto :  or  to  ose  firogal«  332.  Diximut :  called.  jSpellawimus^  sayf 
ln  what  they  had  aoquired.    This  daaenp-    Roaiis. 


t44  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Me  pulsuzn  patrii,  pelagique  extrema  sequmil 
Fortuna  omDipotens  et  iiieluctabile  &tum 
His  posuere  locis :  matrisque  egdre  tremendi 
338.  Tremendaque  mo-  Carmentis  Nymphae  monita,  et  Deus  auctor  i 

"!!t    mi^^i^^^^^nill!      Vix  ea  dicta,  dehinc  progressus,  monstrat  € 

mea    matns,    et     Ueus  «^^  xit>         «^o       .     ^ 

ApoUo  auctor  eg^rc  me  ^t  Carmentalem  Romano  nomme  portam, 

4iic.  Quam  memorant  Nymphas  priscum  Carmenti 

337.  Vix  ea  dicta  /ii«-  Vatis  fatidicae  ;  cecinit  quae  prima  futuros 

runi,    doliinc    Evander  ^neadas  magnos,  et  nobile  Pallanteum. 

^'m^Quam^^Wiie,  5^"^^  }!^<^"°^  ingentem,  quem  Romulus  acer  a 
»emorant/Mu*e  priroum  Rettulit,  et  gehdA  monstrat  sub  rupe  Luperci 
donorem  Nymphe  Car-  Parrhasio  dictum  Panos  de  more  Lycei. 
lueiitit  Necnon  et  sacri  monstrat  nemus  Argileti : 

344.  Hincmon#/ro/in-  Testaturque  locum,  et  letum  docet  hospitis  A 
^347.°Hinc  ducit.«n<.  ^inc  ad  Tarpeiam  sedem  el  Capitolia  ducit, 
an  ad  Aurea  nunc,  olim  sylvestribus  horrida  dumis 

^^,    „      ^     .      .^   Jam  tum  relligio  pavidos  terrebat  aiirestes 

351.  Evander  mouit:  tv      t     •      •        .  i  ..  t. 

Deue  (ied  qui»  Deuil,  eet  ^"*  ^^*  ?  J*"™  ^""  ^y^^*"*  saxumque  tremel 
incertum,)  habitat  hoc  ^oc  nemus,  hunc,  inquit,  frondoeo  vertice  cc 
iiamus,  et  hunc  Quis  Deus,  incertum  est,  habitat  Deus.     Arc 

NOTES. 

333.  Sequeniem:  experiencing  tho  dangere  345.  ^rgUeiu    Argiletum  i 

•f  the  sea.     Husbus  says,  qtuertnttm  uUima  twoen  mount  ^venlinui  and  ( 

tpaiia  marit.     Heyne  takcs  exlrema  pelagi^  called  becauae  it  belonged  to  . 

m  the  sense  of  ultimum  mare,  cause  he  here  hoepitably  ente 

336.  Auetor»   By  this  Servius  underatands  der  on  his  arrival  in  Italy; 
the  author  of  oracles.     Rucbus  takes  it  in  cause  he  was  buried  there.     F 
the  sense  of  tuator :  persuader,  or  adviBer.  or  other,  Argtu  waa  killed 
This  is  tiie  sense  given  to  the  word  by  Da-  comers,  without  the   knowle 
vidtton.  dcr,  who  gave  him  a  suinptuo 

337.  Dehine :  in  the  sense  of  cum.  345.  Testatur  locum  :  he  ca 
340.  Fatidira  vatis :  a  prophetic  prophet-     witness,  &c.     On  secing  the 

ess.     CecinU :  in  thc  sense  of  preedixiL  membrance  of  his  friend  and 

342.  (^uemasylum:  which  Roinulus  ren-  afTecled  him.  He  began  ir 
dered  an  asylum— rcduced  or  turned  into  an  make  protcstations  of  his  ii 
asylum.  This  was  a  place  of  safety  to  all  call  the  place  to  witneas  that 
cnminals  who  should  tako  refuge  in  it.  from  the  foul  deed.  Docei :  '. 
Multitudes  flod  thither  from  the  neighbor-  inform»  iEneas  of  the  death  < 

ing  nations.     By  this  means,  Romulus  in-  0.«    rri           _     j_     .u«. 

*       ,  ,,          ■',         -  ,  .        ••     *         u-  u  347.  Tarpeiam  tedem :  the 

creasod  tho  numbcr  of  his  subjects;  which     m  •     •  n  j  w ♦•  ;. 

*u       u-.uuj-       •           o**u  This  is  so  called  by  anticipi 

was  the  obioct  he  had  m  view.     But  then  ^  *     •         «     4.  ^  ^il^«  ♦m  ^1 

.,                 j^.        jLjju  lot  ffiven  to  the  place  tili  U 

tney  wcre  despemte  and  abandoned  charac-  ,  ^       t*          ^;    .      n  j  e 

.     -^             11       rr-        •    *u                rj      j  mulus.     It  was  first  called  o< 

ters  generally.  tf tnr :  m  tbe  sense  ot  aetnae.  ..     .    -u   l      1  ^ •     „ 

nA%     w             1      rriu"                 »          *  *u  *  city  built   by   Janus,  m  n 

343.  Lupercal.     This  was  a  piace  at  the  /• .     -j  .  .         d  un*  n  with  S 

foot  of  Mount  Pa/a/me,where  the  Arcadians  ,        1.  j  u     o 1       * 

„    ,      t^        .      u   -1*       *        1     ♦      r>       «i        wards  called  by   Homulus    . 
undei  Lvander  built  a  temple  to  Fan^  the     ,      .     ^      t  r  be  a.u 

god  of  Arcadia;  where  he  was  worshipped  ^  .  ^^^  ,\  *        '  e  .,«j   ♦!. 

«    «u         *    *        c  4.1    •    a     \.    CL            I  'noJi    (caput)    was   found   th 

as  the  protector  of  their  flocks  trom  wolves.  ^      j  \-  '^    '^r  *u          -41 

w            ,    c         I                     ir      Ti        *i  foundations  01  the  capitol  we 

LtUpercat^  from   lupiu^   a  woli.  •    llere  the  .   .    "^ 

young  men   performed   their  annual  plays         ^^*  Dira  rethgto :  even  t 

naked,  and  were  callod  LupercL    Some  sup-  sanctity  of  the  place  terrihcd 

pose  Romulus  to  have  instituted  these  aport»,  ^»^«-     ^^-  f  ^app  observes,  t 

bccause,  in  that  place,  he  was  nourished  by  ^*»'ng  wonderfully  grand  and 

Ljipa.  image,  both  as  it  is  in  itself,  a 

344*.  Dictum  de :  so  called  from  the  Ar-  ncctcd  with  what  follows;  th 

cadian  manner  of  Lycffian  Pan.    Parrkatio:  ^®  ^"^'^  "PO"  »^-     A  god  had  t 

an  adj.  from  Parrhatia,  a  district  and  city  ^^  ^^^ ,  ^^^  residence.     RuiBUi 

of  Arc  ad*a.     Lyca-.i :  an  adj.  frora  Lycasus^  tanctUat. 
a  mountain  in  Arcadia,  where  Pan  was  par-         350.    Tremebani  :  thoy  iea 

ticulajly  worshipped.  iKo  ^ove«  &c. 


I 


iEN£IS.    LIB.  VIIL  445 

se  fidisse  Jovcm  ;  cum  sxcpe  mgrantem 
>ncuteret  dexti&,  niiubosque  cieret. 

pr»;terek  disjcctis  oppida  niuris,  355     3S5.    FTmtnrck   rii.et 
s  vctcrunique  vides  nionumcnta  virorum.  *"^  **"®  oppid* 

lus  pater,  hanc  Saturnus  condidit  urbem : 

II  huic,  ilii  fucrat  S.iturnia  noincn.  358.  J&oiciilum  rueffal 

3  inter  se  dictis  ad  tecta  subibant  nomen    huic     Satimiia 

Evaridri ;  passimque  armenta  vidcbant  3G0f^*^^  nomtn  illi. 

|uc  foro  et  lautis  inugire  Carinis.  361.    Mugire  in  loeo^ 

n  ad  sedes  :  Haec,  inquil,  limina  victor  «f"*"'«  rfir/«qu«  Roiii«io 

■  ■•.      1         .11  •  '.  foro,  et  lautiii  Cuiuu. 

ubiit ;  hicc  illum  regia  cepit. 

spcs,  contcmnere  opes,  ct  te  quoque  dignum 

;o,  rehusque  veni  non  asper  egenis.  365 

an^usti  subter  fastigia  tccti 

/Eneani  duxit :  stratisque  locavit,  ^?-  ^i?^*^**1?®  ."^ 

fohis  et  pellc  Libystidis  urs«.  •*'**"'  "ff"^^""'  ^*^'"" 

lit,  ct  fuscis  teilurcni  amplectitur  alis. 

<  haud  aniino  nc(|uicquam  exterrita  mater,  370  370.  At  Venu»  mator 
inciiie  minis  ct  duro  mota  tumultu,  -«nea;  haud  Dequicquam 

\,        .  .    ,  ,  \     .  ezttomta   animo,  mota- 

fi  alloqnitur  ;  thalamoque  ho^  conjugis  aureo      ^y^ 

I  dictis  divinum  aspirat  amorem  :  379.    Incipitque   hmc 

0  Ari^olici  vastabant  Pergama  reges  verba  iii  aureo 
a!<urnsque  iriimicis  ignibus  arces;  375 

II  auxilium  niiseris,  non  arma  rogavi  376.  Non  roKari oUiud 
?que  ture  :  nec  te,  charissime  conjux,  aoxilium  miaeris  TVo^ 
ve  tuos  volui  exercere  labores ;  H^^^-  ^V^^'^  •"■*• 
et  rriaini  deberem  plunma  natis, 

1  iEneae  flevissem  sspc  laborem  ;  380 
ns  imperiis  Rutulorum  constitit  oris : 

em  supplex  venio,  et  sanctum  mihi  nuroen 

NOTES. 

^da  :  acc.  sing.  of  cBgis,  a  shield  370.  ^t  Ventu     This  is  a  fine  epifode» 

^o&t  skin,  from   a   Greek  word  It  consists,  properljr,  of  three  parts :  the  coo- 

a  ^oat.     Jiimbo» :  nimbus  pro-  vontatioii  between  Venui  and  her  hushand 

tios  thoRC  dccp  and  black  clouds,  — the  casting  and  forging  of  the  arms  by 

w  stornis,  thunlcr,  and  ligh*ning  tho  Cyclopa,  with  a  dencription  of  the  plaoe 

:>e8t  itMelf.  — ^the  sculpture  upon  the  shicld  of  iCnuas, 

trii  disjteti» :    their  walls  bcing  &c.     The  whole  ia  in  imitation  of  the  lliad, 

J — thrown  down.  lib.   18.  whore  Thetis  entitats   Vulcan  to 

rinis.     Carina  was  the  name  of  make  arms  for  lier  son.     But  Virgil  is  supe» 

oni  strect  in  Rome,  whero  Pom-  rior  to  Homer  in  dignity  of  sentiment. 

8  houcc.  373.  Atjnrat.   Some  copies  have  inyirat* 

scdts :  tn  the  palace  of  Evandor.  The  sense  b  the  same  in  either  case.     Sho 

rst  is  understood :  in  thu  sense  of  inspires  into  her  husband  a  divine  love,  bj 

her  endearing  words. 

ude  :    be  not  afraid  to  dospise.  375.  Debiia:    destined— doomed  to  de> 

^ays,  '^  havo  groatncss  of  mind  to  sCruction,  in  oonsequenoe  of  the  perjarj  of 

^  magnificence,**  &c.  Laomedon.      Afler  which,    Neptune    aml 

it^e  ie  qmque :  manifest  yourself  ApoUo  became  the  enemiee  of  Troy.    Seo 

a  ^od.     By  Deo^  some  under-  Geor.  L  502. 

:uleM,  whom  Evandor  would  have  379.  Debertm:  I  owed  veiy  macb  to  tlM 

imitate.     But  tlje  911071««  seems  to  sona  of  Priam. 

it  to  be  taken  in  a  general  sense  :  382.  Emdem  wenio :  h  the  same  affectio»- 

s  acted  worthy  of  a  god,  so  do  ate  wife,  who  have  always  been  so  tender 

t  non  asper :  coroe  not  displeaeed  of  yonr  honor,  and  wn  ioth  to  give  yon 

oveiiy.    Finge:  Rueus  Baya,o»-  trfmble,  eome  to  yoo  a  luppliant,  and  aek 

per :  for  ifffennu.  of  yoiir  diTiiiity^  «ict«9L   ^o   tm^  %xva  % 


446  P-  VlRGlLll  MARON18 

383.  Tfutu  fiiia  Noroi  Arma  rogo,  geriitiix  nato.     Te  filla  Nerei, 
pohUiJUeiere  te,  et  Ti-  Xe  poluit  lachrymis  Titbonia  flectere  conjuz. 
thonia    conjux     potmt  j^    ^^^^  q„i  coeant  popuU,  quae  mcBuia  clausiB 
g^^,  Fernim  acuant  portis,  m  me  excidiumque  mei 

Dixerat :  et  niveis  hinc  atque  hinc  Diva  lacerl 
3^8.     Fovet     Deum  Cunctantem  amplexu  molli  fovet :  ille  repente 
eonetantem   moUi    am-  Accepit  solitam  flammam  ;  notusque  medullaf 
^  ^*^*  Intravit  calor,  et  labefacta  per  ossa  cucurrit : 

Non  secito  atque  olim  tonitru  cCim  rupta  conu 
Ignea  rima  micans  percurrit  lumine  nimboe. 
993  Co^jux  ^ui  iBta  ^nsit  Ista  dolia,  et  formae  conscia  conjux. 
dolia,  et  c^ia  form»      rj,^j^  pater  a?terno  fatur  devinctus  amore : 
mm  aenait  td  Quid  causas  petis  ex  alto  ?  fiducia  cessit 

Qu6  tibi,  Diva,  mei  ?  similis  si  cura  fuiaset, 
Tum  quoque  &8  nobis  Teucros  armare  fuissel 
Nec  pater  omnipotens  Trojam.  nec  iata  vetab 
Stare,  decemque  alios  Priamum  superesse  pei 
£t  nunc,  si  bellare  paras,  atque  hsec  tibi  meni 
401.   Qnicqaid  com  Quicquid  in  arte  me&  possum  promittere  ciut 
e$i  in  mea  arta  poasum  q^q^  f^^^\  fe^Q^  liquidove  polest  electro, 
proDMtterejft^^^^  ignea  Q"antCmi  ignes  animaeque  valent :  absiste  pn 
aiiimeque   valent,  pro*  Viribus  indubitare  tuis.     £a  verba  locutus,  ^ 
miUoid:  Optatos  dedit  amplexus :  placidumque  petivit 

Conjugis  infusus  gremio  per  membra  soporec 
Inde,  ubi  prima  quies  medio  jam  noctis  ab 

NOTES. 

mother  for  a  son.     Verbs  of  asking,  Scc  go-  395.  Quu^  eavuaipetit :  wh] 

vem  two  acciisatives.  reasons  from  far  ?     Instead   i 

383.  Filia  JVerei :  the  daughter  of  Ne-  Ihe  point  at  once,  you  have  re 
reu8 — Thctis,  tho  reputed  mother  of  Achil-  fetched  arguments. 

ics^     Sce  Ecl.  iv.  37.  398.  JSTecpater.     It  hath  bec 

384.  TiUionia  conjux'  Aurora.  commentators,  upon  this   and 

385.  MiEiiia:  cities — fortifiedtowns.  Hcre  sages  of  Virgii,  that  though  tl 
put  for  the  inhabitants,  by  meton.     jicuarU :  not  be  changed,  tliey  niight  bc 
sharpen — prepare.  Mr.  Drydcn  hath  made  it  apj 

*586.  In  me  :    against  me.     Vcnus   here  very  deferring  is  in  consequcn< 

idcntifieshersclf  with^neasandtheTrojans.  In  this  sense  these  words  of  ' 

388.  CunctanUm  :  hesitating — loth  to  un-  be   uuderstood.     Troy  did   fi 

dertake  tlie  business.  time ;   but  it  was  not  ncces» 

391.  Atqiie  :  in  the  sense  of  ^uam.  Olim:  The  fatcs  would  have  permitti 
•ometimes.  Th^  word  signifies  time  past,  its  doom  for  ton  years  longer; 
future,  and  indcfmite.  This  last  is  the  have  done  iU  if  you  had  deai 
meaniAg  hcrc.  could  have  done  it  no  longer— 

392.  I^nea  rima.     Ruaeus  R&ys^  flammeus  desstined  to  be  destroyed. 
hiatiuh  apertus  fulgenti  fulmine.     JVimbos :         401.  Curte  :  skill. 

in  the  sensc  of  niibes.     Servius,  whom  Dr.  40'2.  Liquido  eltctro.     A  c< 

Trapp  follows,  takes  corusco^  for  darted  or  gold   and  silvCr  is  called  ele 

brandishfid.      Kuibus   interprets  it  by  ful-  niakcs  tlie  proportion  to  be 

f(enti,  ihininfT.     The  former  is  the  best,  in-  silvor,  and  one  fifth  of  gold. 

asmuoh  a»  thimdor  doos  not  shine;  it  is  the  metaU  in  general:  thc  speciet 

lightning  aloiie  tlmi  becomes  visible.    There  403.  Aninue  :  the  wind  or 

may  be  refcrcnco  hf»re  to  the  darting  of  tlie  bellows.      Absiste :   cease  lo 

tliundcrbolt  of  Jovo.     It  picrces  tho  cloud,  power  at  entreaty. 

and  discngagos    tlie    lightning,  which,    let  406.  Inftuus  gremio :  and  r 

looso,    runs   across  tlic  hcavcns  in    forked  bosom  of  his  spouse,  he  souf 

light      Ignea   rima^    ycry   beautifully    ex-  k.c.     Ruicus  says,  yaceiu. 

preiiscfl  a  Ktream  of  firc,  bursting  through  a  407.  Medio  eturriculo  nociia 

rived  cloud — lightning.  niiddlc  course   of  night,  noi 

394.  Paler :  Vulcan  is  mcant.  This  marks  the-time  to  be  'j 


j 


iENEIS.    LIB.  VUL  4 17 

mcalo  expukrat  somnum ;  ciim  foemina,  primum  ^-  ^Am  CiBnua»^  cai 

i  toleraie  colo  vitam  tenuique  Minervft^  f  ?«"»"«»  ofieium  to- 

po0>]tum^cmerem  et  sopitos  suscitat  ignes,  410 

ictem  audens  operi,  famulasque  ad  lumina  iongo 

aercet  penso  ;  castum  ut  servare  cubiie 

mjugiii,  et  possit  parvos  educere  natos. 

Lud  secus  ignipotens,  nec  tempore  segnior  illo, 

oilibus  e  stratis  opera  ad  fabrilia  surgit.  415 

Insula  Sic;inium  juxta  latus,  i^liamque 

igitur  Lipawn,  fumantibus  ardua  saxis  ; 

utm  subter  specus,  ct  Cyclopum  exesa  caminiB  418.  Sobtei  quuiit|ie- 

ntra  ^-Etnaja  tonant,  validique  incudibus  ictus  ^^^  ®^  ^»n»a  antra  ejfr- 

iiditi  referurrt  gemitum,  striduntque^cavemis  420  ^JJ^'"!''"  ^y^^P*^ 

rictuTO  Clialvbum,  el  fornacibus  ignis  anhelat; 

ilcani  doinus;  et  Vulcania  nomine  tellus.  „  ^- .  ^f .  "'  **°r?"" 

.      ,  ,      ,  1*.     1      i^  Vulcani,  el  leuuB  airtu 

iic  tunc  ignipotens  coelo  descendit  ab  alto.  ^^  Vulcania,   ejui   no- 

^rrum  exercebant  vasto  Cyclopes  in  antro,  mine. 

x)ntesque,  Steropesque,  et  nudus  membra  Pyracmon.  426.  Erat  hia  in  ma- 
1  informatum  manibus  jam  parte  poIitA  426  »>*>"»  ^"Imen   infora». 

.!men  erat ;  toto  genitor  qu«  plurima  c«lo  T^n^r^Z^'':: 

yicit  in  terras  ;  pars  imperfecta  manebat.  jicji  loio  c<b1o  in  ternu^ 

«s  imbris  torti  radios,  tres  nubis  aquos»  parte  jam  politi 

NOTE8. 

[hL    Rett  ia  here  taid  to  ezpel  ileep,  be-  earlh.    Ai  tho  eruptlons  of  JEinn.  are  mau 

ue,  whcn  we  have  taken  rcst,  sleep  be-  tors  of  fact,  the  poet,  with  much  judgment, 

Def  uuncccRsary.      CurrietUo :    circle —  placei  the  forge  of  the  Cydops  in  the  neif  b* 

ortc.     RuflBus  says,  tpatio.  borhood  of  tMit  moontain.    The  whole  de> 

409.  Ttnui  Minerva.  Thie  may  mean  ecription  u  of  the  noblest  kind.  Bnmiti^ 
Bdycrat\  iu  gtneral,  or  spinstry  in  parti-  Steropet^  and  Pyracmon^  wero  his  principal 
lar.    Or,  pcrhaps,  it  is  bettcr  to  under-  assistants.     All  of  Greek  derivatioii. 

uid  it  of  tho  works  of  the  loom.  418.  Exeta:  ezcavated — hollowed  oot  by 

410.  Suscitat  impontum,  &c.     Virgil  here    the  forges  of  the  Cyclops. 

anects  the  same  verb  with  two  substan-  421.    Strietura:    bars  of  iron   or  steel. 

^  when  it  can  properly  be  used  with  one  Chalylntm.    The  Chalybet  were  a  people  of 

'  tbem  only.     This  is  fVequent  with  him,  Spain ;   or,  aocording  to  eomo,  of  PoDtUfl, 

li  b  a  beauty  which  our  language  will  not  celebrated  for  their  iron  works.     Here,  bj 

Init.     Cinerem  impositum  is,  doubtless,  the  meton.  put  for  iron  and  steel. 

bei  that  cover  the  fire,  which  she  first  re-  436.  Informatum:  unfinishcd.    A  partonlj 

>▼«• ;  and  then  she  kindles  or  awakes  tho  was  polished,  the  rest  reroaining  in  an  im- 

innant  fire  {topitot  ignet)   into  a  flame.  perfect  state. 

le  JEn.  vii.  431.  4S9.  Tret  radiot  torti  imbrit.    By  the  /erfi 

411.  Add*^  noctem :  adding  the  night  to  itnbrit^  the  wreathed  shower,  commentalora 
f  work — working  in  the  night,  before  the  underttand  hail.  The  torti  expresses  tho 
proach  of  day.  violence  with  which  hail  in  a  storm  is  hurled 

412.  Catlum:  chaste — undofiled.  Here  or  darted.  Radiot.  These  are  the  forks  or 
9  poet  givcs  U8  a  fine  description  of  do-  spikes  with  which  Ughtuing  is  painted  or 
islic  mdudtry,  on  the  part  of  the  mistress  described.  The  form  of  thunder,  to  whtch 
tbe  houfc.  Virgil  here  seems  to  allude,  is  known  from 

114.  Ignipotent:  aname  of  Vulcan.  Jfee  medials.  It  consisted  of  twelve  wreathed 
ntor;  norlessactivo— tmfia/riotii  than  she.  spikes  or  darts,  eztended  like  the  radii  of  a 

115.  M  fabrilia  opera :  to  his  mechanic  circle,  three  and  three  together,  with  wingi 
ors.  epted  out  in  the  middle.     The  wingsde- 

116.  Intula  erigitur^  Slc.  Betweon  Sicily  note  the  lightning^s  rapid  iqotion,  and  Iha 
I  the  Italian  coost  there  are  seven  islands,  spikes  or  darts,  its  penetrating  qualily.  Bj 
lcd  JEolida^  from  £olus,  who  reigned  the  four  diflTcrent  kinJs  of  spikes,  Senriua 
re ;  and  Vulcania.,  from  Vulcanus,  wh(M(e  underatands  the  foui  seasonH  of  ihe  jear. 
jre  wsM  fablcd  to  have  been  in  one  of  thcm.  According  to  him,  the  tret  imbris  torti  m* 
m  i»  imitalcd  from  Hoincr.  He,  how-  tfiof,  or  the  three  splkes  of  hail,  donote  tlM 
r,  places  Vulcan^s  forge  inheaven;  Vir-  winter  season,  when  hsil-storms  ahoucd. 

With  more  propr<etj,  placee  it  on  tho    Tha  Iref  nukiM  «q«MMb  rodiM^  oii  ^%  ^SMMa 


«48  P-  VIRGILIl  MARONIS 

Addideinnt^  nitili  tres  ignis  et  alitis  Austri. 

Fulgorcs  Qunc  terrificofi,  Honitumque,  meiunM 

Miscebant  operi,  flammisque  sequacibus  iras. 

Parte  alili  Marti  currumque  rotasque  volucre 
434.  Quibus  llle  exci-  Instabant,  quibus  ille  viros,  quibus  excitat  url 
lat  Tiro8,  quibu»  exciiat  ^gidaciue  horriferam,  turbat»  Paliadis  anna 
"^."'cratin.,..  po-  Cemtlm  squamis  ^rpentum  .u«K,ue  Hibar 
llbaiu  horrLferain  /Egida,  Connexosque  angues,  ipsamque  in  pectore  D 
arina  turbate  Palladis  Gorgoua,  desecto  vertentem  lumina  collo. 
iquaniifl  Tollite  cuncta,  inquit,  coBptosque  aufert^ 

438.  Gorgomque  ip-  ^maBi  Cyclopes,  et  huc  advertite  mentem. 

wrteni"  10^***^^°"^      *^"  Arma  acri  facienda  viro  :  nunc  viribus  usus, 

4:^.  f-u/ranta  inquit,  Nunc  manibus  rapidis,  omni  nunc  arte  magic 

f  M,  O  .Etniei  Cyclo{>o8,  PrsBcipitate  moras.     Nec  plura  effatus.     At 

tollite  cunc^.a  hffc  Ocyus  incubu^re  omnes,  pariterque  laborem 

tiribii  ^'^''   "'  "^'"  ^orUiu     Fluit  »s  rivis,  aurique  metallum  ; 

Vulnificusque  chalybs  vastA  fbmace  liquescit 
447.  Unam  tuffieim-  Inirentem  clypeum  informant,  unum  omnia  c 

Tela  Latinorum  ;  septenosque  orbibus  orbei 
^  Impediunt.     Alii  ventosis  follibus  auras 

Accipiunt  redduntque ;  alii  stridentia  tingun 

iEra  lacu  :  gemit  imposids  incudibus  antnu 

Illi  inter  sese  multA  vi  brachia  tollunt 

454.    Dum    Lemnius  In  numerum,  versantque  tenaci  forcipe  maai 

pater  Vvdcanu»  properat      Ha3C  pater  iEoliis  properat  dum  Lemniufl 

450.  Matutini  cantu.  Evandrum  ex  humili  tecto  lux  suscitat  alma, 

«^lHrT  F?-nZm  «  Et  matutini  volucruui  sub  culmine  cantua. 

ifuctiaru   tfVandrum  ex  ^  .  ... 

Aumili  tecto,  aiina  iuz  ^onsurgit  senior,  tunicaque  mducitur  artus, 
«uscitat  cum.  Et  Tyrrliena  pedum  circunidat  vincula  plani 

NOTES. 

spikos  of  a  watcry  cloud,  denote  the  spring  lEn.  ii.  616.     DeteetocoUo:  1 

•easoii,  \vl\ich  is  callcd  imhrifenim  rcr,  be-  cut  off. 

cause  rain  tlien  uboiindsi.     The  tret  nituli         444. /nru6u^re :  they  apptii 

ignis  raJios^  or  the  three  spikes  ofsparkling  they  set  about  it  in  eamest. 
fire,  deii«»te  the  suunner  season,  Ahen  light-         445.  Sortiti:  having  dinti 

ning  is  iiiost  fre(iuent.     Tho  tres  alitis  •:>  w.-  having  assigned  to  each  one 
stri  radio.f,  or  the  three  spikes  of  winged         446.  Chalyb» :  steel.     Se< 

wind.  donute  the  autumnal   season,  whcn  also,  Geor.  i.  58.     Unum:  a 
storins  of  vvind  are  frequent  and  violent.  449.    Impediunl:  they  in 

430.    Addideranl.      This   part  they   had  seven  orbs  in  orbs.     Rusw 

coinph^tvd;  thercfore  he  uses  the  plu.  perf.  tunt.     Alii  accipiuni:   8im| 

tense:  t!iey  had  done  with  iU     But  in  the  the  bcUows,  others  put,  &c. 
folluvviii;;  liiie,  he  says^nune  miscebant:  they         451.  Lacu:  the  trough. 
wcre  n«»vv  iiiinjrling  with  thc  work,  the  ter-         452.  Illi  toUunt  brachia. 

rific  li^litiiiiig,  &c.    This  distinction  of  tense  of  the  verso,  we  see  tlicm 

i'*  wortliy  of  nutice.  lctting  fall  their  hammera  i 

43*2.  ^rquacihus:  persccuting — avenging.  keeping  tinie  with  onc  anol 

435.  Uornftram.  Pierius  informs  us  that  rum :  in  rcgular  molion — 
this  is  tho  true  reading  of  all  the  ancient  with  one  another. 
niaiiusrripts.  He^ne  rcads,  Aom/erum.  Da-  454.  Lemnius  pater:  Vl 
vidsoii  reads  tlie  saine.  Valpy  and  Ruieus  banished  from  heavcn  to  Lt 
have  horr{ficam.  Turbata :  in  the  sense  of  in  the  i£gean  sea,  not  far  fl 
'ratfr.  ponU     See  Geor.  L  295. 

436.  Squamis  serpenium  auroqut:    with         457.    Inducitur:   in  the 
tho  srales  of  serpents  and  gold ;  by  hond.     vel  vestit, 

toT  aurti' %miamis  serpenium.    Polibani:  m        458.  T)^rhenm  rineula :  h 

the  scnse  ot  ornabani,  can  sand^  to  tho  bottom  of 

4Jo.  Gorgona :  «cc  nng.  of  Qorfoii.  ^m    «aii<&3^  ^«n  of  wood,  ab 


iENr:rS      LIB.  Vlll  f|i| 

f.iie  liiimcria  TegesDum  sublifrat  eiifiein, 

ivft  paiitherfe  lerga  retorqucns.  4G0     4^0.    Retfrqnens   tn 

iniiii  custodes  limine  ab  alto  ''""^  ^«'«^  P»uilhef» 

*es8um<iiic  canes  comituntur  herilem. 

(<p  scdem  et  sccreta  petebat, 

emot  et  promissi  muneris,  heros. 

ineas  se  matutinus  agebat.  465 

illas,  olli  comes  ibat  Achates.  466.  Pallas  filiuf  ttmt 

iffunt  dextras,  mediisnuc  residunt  '^"    **"*®    Evandro  ; 

:ito  tandem  sermone  fniuntur.  ^^]^  '^  ^^'"«»  ^*" 

c  . 

;ronmi  diictor,  quo  sospite,  nunquam     470 

Tn^inB  victas  aut  regna  fatebor.  *7*'  Nunquam  eqai- 

,  aiix'lium  pro  noniine  tanto  ^?"  ^*^*^'  '«•  '^''^J» 

...       m'  II-  Tictas    em,    aut    regna 

Hinc  Tusco  claudimur  amni ;  ^^  ^^     ^.„^  ^*^^ 

premit,  et  murum  circumsonat  armis.  ezi^iB 

ngentes  populos,  opulentaque  regnis  475  474.  Preinit  not^  ef 
a  paro,  quam  fors  inopina  salutem  circumfonat       notirum 

is  huc  te  poscentibus  aflers.  "*^"*"  *""*^ 

hinc  saxo  colitur  fundata  vetusto 
ae  sedes  :  ubi  Ly^lia  quondam 
nuclark,  jugis  insedit  Etruscis.  480 

tlorentem  annos  rex  deinde  superbo  ^**  l^wndo  rei  Me- 

vis  tenuit  Mezentius  armis.  ?^^"J  ^"'^  ^  ^ 

,  .     n       •«/•..  ^^    florentem    miutot 

m  imandas  ca;des  ?  quid  facta  tyranm  annoe 

ipiti  ipsius  generique  rcservent !  484.  Dtreeerventiolui 

9tiam  jungebat  corpora  vivis,  485  capiti  ipsiut,  generique. 

ianibusc]ue  manus  atque  oribus  ora, 

NOTES. 

^ned  to  the  foet  with  gilded     which  bonnded  hie  territory  on  the  weet,  and 

toct  here  inakes  a  yerv  hap-     divided  it  from  the  Tuicans. 

.m  ihe  smoke,  fire,  and  noise        476.  p^.  fi„^  „g^  nudUor. 

/arn^io  the  swect  air  of  the         .-q      kk    j  s^       *_    -         -•  «       -. 

u  •      ru-  j  478.     Fundaia:  tirueta  anitouu  lamtdi^ 

le  charminir  mUHic  of  birds.       .  „  »     •«  «fMty»**  h^mw 

m ;   an  adj.  from  Tegea,  a  ^ 

.  where  Pan  waa  eepecially  479.  JtgyUina:  an  adj.  from   Jffp^Om,   a 

rcaiiiaii.  <^^7  of  Etruria  or  Tuecany.     It  was  planted 

mt  terfia,  kc.  This  panther's  by  a Ljdian  colon j.     It  wae  aftermard  calL 

•  thrown  back  over  the  right  «d  Ceri.    Hodit^  Cervfieri.     Ljfdia:  an  ex- 

•d  around,  and    hung  down  teneive  country  of  Asia  Minor:  hero  uaed 

Ttrga  :  in  the  eenee  of  pd-^  *■  "»  adjective.     Part  of  it  was  called  .¥«- 

onia, 

ranet,  &c    Theee  two  dogi,  .480.  EtrutntjjgiM:  on  tho  Tuacan  rooun. 

fTuard  Evander  haa,  ifives  us  **>"■• 

»f  ihe  poverty  and  Bimplicity  482.  MtzenOut  ienuit,  «c.    Thi»  rtory  it 

onarch.  ^^  importance  to  the  aubjuct,  and  very  pro- 

private  apartmenta,  which  l^^^J  introduced  in  this  place.    For,  withoui 

I,  tlie  auziliary  forcee  of  the  Tuvcana,  JEjieua 

,;  aid assintance.  could  not  have  carried  on  the  war.     Tbe 

in  iho  sense  of  nwtel^i.  tyranny  of  Mesentiui  gives  an  air  of  proba. 

frce— unrestrained.  Wlity  to  the  whole. 

/ff  ;  iho  power  of  Troy.  485.  Quin  tOam  jungebat    -^ioreorer  he 

0  nomine :  for,  or  in  propor-  joined  dead  bodies  to  the  living,  putting,  ftc. 
atnofw  of  the  Trojan  name ;  The  invention  of  this  cruel  kind  of  punish- 

1  of  the  cause  in  which  be  ment,  is  ascribed,  bv  Cicero  and  others,  to 
gage.  the  Tascans.  Virgil  takes  oecasion  heooe 
nru  r  small  ability,ormean8  to  form  a  charaeter  of  imormmoii  barbuitf 

Tuteo  amni:   tho  Tiber,    in  ono  of  hii  poiooDa«o> 

80  \ 


150  P*  VlRGILn    MARON18 

4H7.  G«nufl  tormenti !  T  >iTnenti  genus !  et  sanie  taboque  fliM 
et  fic  necabat  homineM  Ck^mplexu  in  misero,  lon^  sic  morte  i 
flQMitir.  ittme  taboqiio,  ^^  f>^^^  ^^j^^^^,  ^^^^^  j„^^^  fiirenten 

Armati  circnmBistunt,  ipeuinque,  domi 
401.    Jactant   ignem  Obtruncant  socios,  ignem  ad  fiLStigia  j 

ad  tmaiigia  ejut  rtgi^  \\\e  inter  cedes  Rutulorum  elapsus  in 
493.  Capii  conrageie  Confugere,  et  Tumi  defendior  boepkia 

et  deiendier  anme  g^  ^^^^^.g  ^^^  surrexit  Etruiia  jiist 

Regem  ad  supplicium  pnesenti  Marte 
His  ego  tc,  iEnea,  ductorem  mUlibus  i 
Toto  namque  fremunt  condensae  litore 

498.  Rotinet  eot:  di'  Signaque  ferre  jubent.     Retinet  k>ngi 
"    O  dolectajuventue,  paja  canens  :  O  Maeonic  delecta  juw 

Flos  veterum  virtusque  virOm  ;  quos  } 

601.  Et  quo*  Mezen-  Fert  dolor,  et  meritA  accendk  Mezent 

tiu.  acceijdit  merita  irft;  ^^^^^  f^  jj^i^,  j^^tam  subjungere  genl 

Mf  fa.  nulli  luuo  Externos  oplate  duces.     Tum  Etruaoi 

Hoc  acies  eampo,  monitis  exterrita  Di 

605.  Tarchon  ipeo  mi-  Ipse  oratores  ad  m«  regnique  coronaii 

■it  oratores  Cum  sceptro  misit,  mandatque  insigaii 

607.  Rogant  ut  euc-  Succedam  castns,  Tyrrhenaque  regna 

**^^  ^7-  .  Sed  mihi  tarda  gelu,  ssBclisque  effoetai 

509.  Viresque  lom  m-  .     . ,  ^  .  .    ^  j  r  ^*'^  j! 

mit  eenB  ad  fortia  /aeta  Invidet  impenum,  seweque  ad  fortia  fl 

uwidetu  inihi,     Ezhor-  Natum  exhortarer,  ni,  mixtus  matre  S 

tarer  mtwn  natum/octre  Hinc  parttoi  patrie  traheret.     Tu,  oa 

^«  >^  £t  generi  fatum  indulget,  quem  numii 

-i«  •  wor«  ^T.iUnt»  Hunc  tibi  pneterea,  spes  et  solatia  no 
wteum    JiUum     rallanta  ^^  ,,  •;.  l-i   i  i 

tibi,  speB,  et  solatia  noa-  Pallanta  adjungam.     feub  te  tolerare  l 
trt :  u/  sub  to  magistro  Militiam,  et  grave  Martis  opus,  tua  ce 

NOTES. 

487.    Genut  tormenii:  O  horrid  kind  of  501.  Dolor :   in  the 

torturc !     This  is  the  sense  of  Iluieus  and  Fert :  in  thc  sense  of  i 

Valpy.    But  Hcyne  and  Davidson  take  ihein  502.  Snbjungere :  U 

not  as  an  exclamalion.     Fluentet :  wasting  503.  Restdit :  sat  d 

— pining  away.  in  gcncral.     Optate  :  t 

4U9.  Infanda  :  an  adj.  neu.  plu.  taken  as  ^q^      Monitis  :     ad 

an  advcrb,  in  imitation  of  thc  Grecks :  in  declaralions.      Ruicua 

the  senso  of  immaniter.  sanie  with/a/rt,  veree  * 

490.  Circumtittunt :  in  the  sense  ci  obti-         t-fui     \r     j  ^ 

3     .  506.   Mandatque:    i 

491.  Soriot:  his  friends-those  who  ad-  *'«"*  (^^  ***^S*^«)  ^/  ' 
hered  lo  ihe  king.  Their  houses  werc  co-  ^*^^^  ^'^  ^^^'"  ""**  « 
vered  with  straw,  even  the  palaccs  ofkinirs  ;  ^^*  Tarda  gfiu:  b 
which  was  Ihc  rcascm  of  their  throwiug  liro  o^  «^gc  This  is  highl 
ou  thc  roof  of  Mezentius^B  palacc.  ^'"-     ^aiculum  propo» 

493.  Dtfaidier  :  by  paragoge,  for  defendi,  o^  ^^'^^7  years;  in  wfc 

497.  Puppet :  the  ships,  by  meton.  fot  the  already  gone  off  the 

troops  in  thcm.    Fremunt:  impaticnt  for  the  have  arisen  in  their  ro 

^ar.  <^&^d    to  havc    lived   % 

49«.    Ferre    tigna :   to  bear  forward  the  years,  as  Plutar«h  ea| 

•tandardR— to  march.     A  militajy  phrase.  ^Y^-  ^^^  taculit :  hera 

499.  Ma-onia.  Mieonia  i«  a  country  of  onnit.  Effvta :  wom 
Lydia,  in  Asia  Minor,  whence  a  rolony  re-  510.  SabeliA  matmi 
nioved  to  Tuscany,  and  Hettled.  They  built  By  her,  he  becamc  h<| 
Ihe  city  AjjylU.  Lydia  and  Mmonia  are  livo  country.  It  waa  1 
lMe'1,  howevcr,  sonietimet  indiscriminatcly  with  hia  duty  to  his  pa 
far  the  same  coiinuf .  Tuscan  ciown.             ^ 


iGNEIS.    LIB.  Vn/.  4111 

Kneacat :  orimis  et  te  miretur  ab  annit. 

««da8  huic  equites  bis  centum,  robora  pubis 

cta^  dabo ;  totidemque  suo  tibi  nomine  PaUsa 

Vix  ea  fiitus  erat»  defixique  ora  tenebant  620 

neas  Anchiaiades  et  fidus  Achates, 

ultaque  dura  suo  tristi  cum  corde  putabant , 

signum  ccelo  Cytherea  dcdisset  aperto. 
imque  improvisd  vibratus  ab  sthere  fulgor   , 

im  sonitu  venu,  et  rucre  omnia  visa  repentd,  626     625.  El  omnia   visa 

irrrhenusque  tubae  mugire  per  sthera  clangon  '^  "*•"  rep«ni* 

ispiciunt :  itenun  atquc  iterum  fragor  intonat  in|(ens  • 
nna  intcr  nubem,  coeli  in  regione  sereni, 
er  sudum  rutilare  vident^  et  pulsa  tonare. 
bstupuere  animis  alii :  sed  Troius  heros  630 

gnovit  sonituro,  et  Divse  promissa  parentis. 
lim  memorat :  Ne  ver6,  hospes,  ne  qusBre  profect6 

Mem  casum  portenta  ferant :  ego  poscor  Olympo.  63S.  £fopoMM>r01jni> 

[oc  iignum  cecinit  missuram  Diva  creatrix,  ^  ••  oeUum, 

i  bellum  ingrueret ;  Vulcaniaque  arma  per  auras     636      635.  5equo   latorani 
•turam  auxilio.  VuloMiia  mnn*  por  aa. 

!eu  quantic  miseris  ca>des  Laurentibus  instant !  ^**  *"*  ^^*"  lo  m   % 

UBis  pcenas  mihi,  Tume,  dabis !  quim  multa  sub  undaa 
cuta  virClm,  galeasque,  et  fortia  corpora  volvea, 
ybri  pater !  Poscant  acies,  et  foidcra  rumpant.         640 

Hec  ubi  dicta  dedit,  solio  se  tollit  ab  alto : 
I  primiim  Herculeis  sopitas  ignibus  aras 
icitat :  hestemumque  Larem,  parvoeque  Penates 

NOTE8. 
517.  Prtmtt  annii  :   from  his  (int  and        537.  Tnttani :  in  the  Mnso  of  tmmmakt* 


rliest   ye&ra   for   bearing    arms;    which,  540.  Poseant  acies:  let  them  demand 

tong  the  Romans,  was  about  the  age  of  -^et  thom   break  their  treatiet.     This  m 

renloen.  tpoken  ironically.     Ruibub  BtLy^petani  bel» 

522.  Putabani :  they  were  just  entering  lum.    Latinus  had  proposed  ^ncas  for  a  ton- 

lo  a  train  of  perplexing  thoughta,  as  to  in-!aw;  andenteredinto  anallianceortreatj 

»  preeent  crimaof  alTairs:  and  would  have  of  friendship  with  him.     To  that  circum- 

mued  them,  had  not  Venus  interpoaed.  stance  this  is  an  allusion. 

ley  were  revolving  in  their  minda  many  542.  Sopitas  aras^  &c.     Most  commenta* 

Brulties  that  might  arise,  &c  tors  take  this  for,  topitot  ignet  in  Hereuiei» 

584.  Puigor  vibratut :  a  flash  of  lightning  art«,  by  hypallage :  the  dormant  fires  on  tho 

rting  across  the  sky,  &c.  altar  of  Horcules.     But  it  does  not  appoar 

Ste.  T^rhenu»  etanror :  a  Tuscan  sound  that  ^ncas  retumed  to  the  grove,  whore 

tke  trumpet  beran,  £c.    Thesound  of  the  the  sacred  rites  had  becn  performed  the  daj 

mpet  is  called  Tuscan,  bccause  it  is  said  before  to  Herculos.     The  altar  here  men- 

rf  wore  the  invcntors  of  that  instrument.  tioned  may  have  been  Evander*s  domestio 

vas  understood  to  indicate  that  £noas  altar,  to  which  the  remains  of  the  hallowod 

m  mvited  to  the  thronc  of  the  Tuscans.  fire,  from  the  altar  of  Hercules,  mieht  h8%*o 

589.  Putsa  tonare,     This  seems  to  imply  been  convojed.     If  we  suppose  this,  th«  ra 

it  the  thundcr  was  the  eflfect  of  the  clash-  will  be  no  need  of  an  hypallaffo.     Exeiiai : 

f  of  the  arms  that  appeared  in  the  air.  he  kindles  up  tbe  dormant  altars  with  the 

ing  struck  {pulta^  they  seemcd  to  thun-  Herculean  fire— the  fire  taken  from  the  altar 

r*     Ruiilare :  to  flash — shine  through  the  of  Hercules  as  supposcd.     This  seems  to  bo 

ar  air  or  sky.     Fiia  tuni  is  underBtood.  the  opinion  of  Rucus  and  Davidson. 

198.  /fe  verhn  hotpet^  ne:  do  not  indeed,  543.  Hetlemvm  Larem.   By  this  some  Uii- 

■ol  indced,  inquire  what  evcnt  these  pro-  derstand  the  hallowed  hearth,  on  which  tho 

{iea  portend.     This  repetition  is  very  em-  sacrificcs  have  been  oflered  tiic  day  bcforo 

ilical.     Some  cop*es  repcat  the  quttre  But  it  may  be  Evander*s  Lar^  or  fruardiao 

is;  ne  quttre  rer^^  ne  qxtvre  pref^eth,  ^od,  to  whom   iEneas  had  sacrinced  tho 

04.  Ceeinit :  in  the  sense  of  pretdixU,  day  before;  and  with  whom  he  had  thon 

that  she  would  send,  ftc.  bocomo  aeqoainttd,    Pflinm  Penalca*   *W% 


iS8 


P.  VlllGILII  MAllONIS 


Laetus  adit :  mactant  lecta»  de  more  bidentee 
EvandruB  pariter,  pariter  Trojana  juventus  • 
P6st  hinc  ad  naves  graditur^  sociosque  reviflit : 
647.  l>e  numero  quo-  Quonim  de  numero,  qui  sese  in  bella  gequanta 
min  legit  eot  prMtantes  Pra;stantes  virtute  legit ;  pars  cietera  pronA 

Fertur  aquA,  segnisque  secundo  defluit  amni, 
Nuntia  ventura  Ascanio  rerumque  patrisque. 
Dantur  equi  Teucris  Tyrrhena  petentibus  ar?! 
652.Ducuntimimez-  Ducunt  exsortem  ifineae,  quem  fulva  leonia 
•mtom  eqwifn  JEnem       Pellis  obit  totum,  pncfulgens  unguibus  aureia. 

Fama  volat  parvam  subit6  vulgata  per  urbei 
Ocyus  ire  equites  Tyrrheni  ad  limina   regis. 
Vota  metu  duplicant  matres  ;  propiusque  peri 
It  timor,  et  major  Martis  jam  apparet  imago. 
558.  Complexus  dez-  Tum  pater  Evandrus  dextram  complexus  eunl 
tram  JtUi  cuntis  hieret  Haeret,  inexpletjm  lachrymans,  ac  talia  fetur: 
•"•  O  mihi  praeteritos  referat  si  Jupiter  annos ! 

561.  Et  faeiai  me  ia-  Qualis  eram,  ci!^m  primam  aciem  Preneste  su' 
/em,  qualis  eram,  cum  Stravi,  scutorumquc  incendi  victor  acervoa : 
•travi  primam  aciem        g^  ^gg,„  j,^^,  Ilerilum  dextrft  sub  Tartara  mx 

Nascenti  cui  tres  animas  Feronia  mater, 

Horrendum  dictu  !  dederat ;  tema  arma  mofi 

attt   V*  — .:♦     .-.  ♦-.  Ter  leto  stcmendus  erat :  cui  tunc  tamen  om 
5o7.  Jiit  ezujt  eiim  to-   .,,..,  ,     ^         .  .   ..j  •- 

Udem  armis.    Nunc  ego  Abstuht  haec  animas  dextra,  et  totidem  exuit  i 

Don  divellorer  usquam     Non  ego  nunc  dulci  amplexu  divellerer  usqua 

NOTES. 

Penates  were  tutelary  deities,  either  for  fa-  Pierius  informs  us,  that  in  mo 

milies,  or  for  cities  and   provinces.     The  cient  MSS.  which  he  consolted 

former  wero  the  Pani  Penates,  sometimes  ing.     Heyno  reads  jam» 

callcd  Lares :    the   latter,   tho  Magni   Pe-  559.  Inexpleium:  an  adj.  u 

nales.  as  an  advcrb  :  immodcrately— 

544.  Bidentes :    properly    sheep  of  two  sure. 

years  old,  of  bis  aiid  dens.  560.  O  mihi^  &c     This  is  oi 

549.  Ferlur  prond  aqua:  bome  down  the  parts  of  the  iEneid.     We  see  a 
dc6<:i>ndin^  Htreain.   Segnis  defluit'.   without  delivering  his  farowoU  addret 
labur,  float  down  tliu  current — at  their  easo,  son,  the  hope  and  solace  of 
float,  &c.     Rua?u8  8ays,  lenta  descendil.  while  ho   holds  him  close  in 

550.  Ventura  nunlia  :  to  be  messengers  and  is  full  of  anxious  apprehe 
to  Abcanius,  of  his  father,  and  of  the  stateof  seeing  him  again.  The  rela 
his  affairs — to  bear  tidings  to  Ascanius,  &c.  exploits,  which  he  performed 

551.  Petcntibus  Tyrrhena  :  to  tho  Trojans  in  the  vigor  of  manhood,  is  vei 
going  to  the  Tuscan  territory.  the  conclusion  is  extremely  pi 

552.  Kxsortcm  :  in  the  senseof  in<i^ein.*  561.  Preeneste.  The  found 
a  distinguiMhed  horse.  was  Ceculus,  who  took  part 

553.  ^urcis  unfritibus.     The  claws  of  the  See  JEn.  vii.  678.     How  then 
skin  werc  overlaid  with  gold,  for  the  sako  of  have  been  its  king  so   long 
ornament.     Obit :  in  the  sonse  of  tegil.  might  have  laid  its  foundatioi 

557.  Timor  it  projnus^t  &c.    This  possage,  lus  addcd  its  fortificationa,  Az 

has  puzzled  comincntators  very  much.     Da-  might  be  callcd  its  founder. 
vidson   supposes  the  word  major^  is   to  be         562.  Scuiontmquef  &c.     It 

supplied  with  timor:  thcirfeargrows  grcatcr,  among  the  Romans,  to  gathei 

the  nearcr  they  are  to  danger.    Rucus  takcs  that  lay  scattered  on  the  field 

propius  in   the  scnse   of  prope :  near — ap-  burn  it  as  an  ofiering  to  one  c 
proaching  to.     He  roakes  the  meaning  to  be  :         564.  Feronia  maier:  to  whc 

their  fear  comes  noar  to  dangor.     They  are  his  mother  had  given  three  li* 

«0  inuch  improssed  with  the  idoa  of  danger,  sets  of  armor  to  be  wielded. 

that   it  becomes  to  them  almost  a  reality.  800. 

U:  in  the  sense  of  est  vel  /!/.     Most  copies        568.  Aon  ego  nunc :  I  won 

t^re  jam  immedUtely  anet  Martu.    Eul  tonL  from  thy  twMt  cmbnM 


iRNEIS     UB.  VHL  4fi3 

neque  finiliinus  Mezentius  unquam, 

insultans,  tot  ferro  ssva  dedismt  570 

1  multis  vidu&sset  civibus  urbem  • 

uperi,  et  Div(km  tu  maxime  rector 

cadii,  quasso,  miserescite  regis, 

udite  preces.     Si  numina  vestfa 

Pallanta  mihi,  si  fata  reservant ;  576 

um  vivo,  et  venturus  in  unum  ;  *7^-   Et  vontanui  tn 

patiar  qucmvis  durare  laborem.  ^"^  ^'^  «4m  Oto,  of# 

infandum  casum,  Fortuna,  minaris ; 

inc  liceat  crudelem  abrumpere  vitam, 

ambiguaB,  dum  spes  incerta  futuri ;  680     680.  Dum  mem  runi 

ire  puer,  mea  sera  et  sola  voluptas,  ^  ambip»,  dum  fpw 

•  ^*  .  tutun  ttt  uceilB 

eneo  ;  gravior  ne  nuntius  aures 

Hsec  genitor  digressu  dicta  supremo 

famuli  collapsum  in  tecta  ferebant. 

ide6  cxierat  portis  equitatus  apertis :  586 

r  primos  et  fidus  Achates  ; 

oj«e  proceres :  ipse  agmine  Pallas 

hlamyde  et  pictis  conspec^us  in  armis. 

!)ceani  perfusus  Lucifer  undA,  589.  7Ww  qualia  Lu- 

is  ante  alios  astrorum  diligit  ignes,  590  ^^  ^^^"^JUI™  V«""*  ^»" 

icrum  ccBlo,  tencbrasque  resolvit.  {J«^^^  ^^^  '^^^  ^ 

c  m  muns  matres,  ocuhsque  sequuntur  da  Oceani  extulit 

nubem,  et  fulgentes  aBre  catervas. 

iios,  qu^  proxinia  meta  viarum,  594.   Qua  raetm  via^ 

lunt.     It  clamor  ;  et,  agmine  facto,  595  "*'"  *"  proxiraa 

mte  putreni  sonitu  quatit  unirula  campum.  ^^*  ^»^1*  tqunnm 

1*  1        I  ^      'T*   '  Quatit  DUtrem 

is  gelidum  lucus  prope  CaBritis  amnem,  ^        "^ 

)atrum  late  sacer  :  undique  colles 

NOTES. 

line,  and  paints  the  patemal  similo,  and  laid  to  have  been  greatlj  ad- 

Jie  deepest  f^olora.  mired  bj  Scaligrer.    Pafutui:  wet,  dipped. 

itttt:  in  tbe  sense  of  prtvdif^.  590.  ./In/e  a/toi  ^^e«  oj/rorum :  aboveother 

na :  power-^will.  orbs  of  the  stan — above  otber  starrj  orbs. 

unu  in  ymum  :   to  meet  him  591.  Rtsolvii :  in  the  senee  of  dittipai, 

594.  Mtla  viarum :  the  boundarj  of  tho 

r :  I  will  consont — agroe  to.  waj.     Simplj,  the  waj. — Fia^  sajs  Hejne. 

Wiuna  minarit :  but  if,  O  For-  Proxima:  the  nearest.     OUi:   for  iUi^  bj 

reatenest  anj  dire  calamttv  to  antithesis. 

ium:   properlj  is  ihat    «^nicn  595.  Agmine,    Agmtn  properlj  signi£ea 

spokcn,  or  ezpressed— which  1  a  moving  bodj  or  multitude-— an  armj  of 

e.  meo  on  Uie  march.     Tendunt :  in  the  sensa 

,  d,  nune^  kc,     This  is  much  of  inttduni^  toI  progrtdiuntur,    It :  in  th#» 

of  JEn.  ii.  644.    Sie^  O  tie^  &c.  svnse  of  turgit, 

uich  force  and  emphasis  in  the  596.  Quadriwtdantt  tonitu :  with  a  pran 

the  tie^  that  if  we  remove  it,  cingr  souud.     Ererj  ear  perceivcs,  that  tho 

he  chief  beautj  and  energj  of  numbers  of  the  verse  imitate  the  prancinf 

»   also    with  the  nune^  in   the  of  the  horses.    There  are  no  less  than  fivi» 

ice.  dactjls  in  it,  which  give  it  a  quick  and  gal- 

;  eur<B :    while  m j  sorrows  be  loping  motion.     ^uatii :  strikes. 

.     While  it  be  jet  uncertain,  597.  Cffrt/u  prope^eiuftim:  neartheeoM 

kll  see  mj  doar  son  agoin.  river  of  Ceris.     Cetrit :  a  town  of  Tuscanj, 

tmo  digrtttu :  at  his  final  de-  whose  inhabitants  were  called  Cariiu,    iii 

the  neighborhood  was  a  small  river  with  a 

tputut :    conspicuous— distin-  grove.    Hence  the  epithet,  gtHdiu, 

69d.   lUUigimu:  itUffuoiaa  t«vtti9a!Qi&— 

M  ubi.  &C.    Thi>  i>  a  beaotifbl  regard. 


1 


^  P  VldEUIlLtl 


Jnclusdre  wn^  et  nigTi  oeni»  abieto  caigHi 
•00.  FaiiiA  MiTetarat  Sjlyaiio  &iiml  est  yeteiee  BactlM  FehifQ«t 


«uadobi 


i^qm  primi  «U-  Arrorum  pecoiw^ue  Deo, hieiiiiiqiie  dSeiiiqp 

4mMm  mm^£^!]lm^^  ^^  P"™  ^^  abouaDdo  habuere  liitiitofc 
SlJnqSafijj^^  Haud  procul  hinc  Tarcbo  et  TpAfud  tntm  i 

Castra  lods :  ceboque  onmiB  de  eoDe  tideoi 
Jam  poterat  fegio,  <ft  latis  teuddwt  in  ar 
Huc  pater  iEoeae  et  beOo  leete  juvetttns 
Succedunt,  ibfliique  et  eqnoe  et  cofpmt  < 
At  Venus,  «BdiereoB  inter  Dea  candida 
^^  ww^    _9^  Doiia  fereni  aderat :  natiunque  in  YaDe  i. 

J22aSS^°**^  Ut  procul  egeEdo  ■ecietum  fcmine  ridit; 
m*m  wJr^^L^  .^  TahbuB  ai&ta  eet  dic&,  Beque  dbtulit  idtH^ 
IbBia  BTooiiMa  ^^  perrecta  mei  pronuBBa  conjugiB  afte 

Munera !  ne  nkoXf  aut  Laurehtes,  naie, 
Aut  acrem  dubitee  in  prmfia  poBdere 
Dizit :  et  amplezuB  nati  CytlMnea  pefint : 
Arma  Bub  adversi  {lOBuit  rtdkntia  qaeren. 
nie,  Dea»  doniB  et  tanfd^  et  IMib  hdnoBe^ 
Expleri  nequitf  atque  oculbs  per  Binguk 
Hiratnrque ;  interque  manuB  et  brmia 
«Cfe  7Um.mia1lB  M  Jembilem  cristiB  gilean^  flGunmaBque ; 
iiit^Vii  nniiM.  liftm  Ia.  Fatiferumque  ensem,  loricam  ez  we  ni 
MiraM  noDet.  ciun  ».  ^^^^^  qualiB  cftm  ccmia 

efl4.Tamvei«af  ooraM  SohB  inardeecSt  rtdiiB,  Ibng^  4 

UteB  cjr  oletftTo.  Tujni  leves  ocreaB  electro  auroque  reeoeto,  *. 

JSI;.%2rS^  Hastamque,  et  clypei  non  edambne  tntud 
que  ▼enturi  «ri  feoemt  'lUic  res  Italas,  Romanorumque  tnumphd 
ilQo  Haud  vatum  ignarus,  ▼enturique  inscius  aevi 

NOTES. 

599.  Cavi :  in  the  lenie  of  cwvi :  wind-  and  hie  anm.  Mirmiur :  I 
ing  hills.  them.    Rueui  nys,  ttupH* 

600.  Pelasgoi,  Thete  were  a  colony  from  620.  OaUam:  tlie  lielmB 
JEmonia,  the  ancient  name  of  TheeealT.  flames.  He  means  only  th 
Thej  expelled  the  Eirtuei^  and  aetUed  in  plume  was  of  a  fienr  red  oal 
tlieir  country.  They,  in  tum,  were  ezpelled  to  rifle  out  of  hia  hefmet  lUu 
by  the  7)frrhenit  a  colony  fVom  Lydia,  or  621.  Faiiferum :  moita^ 
Innonia  in  the  leaeer  Asia.  622.  Carula  nube» :  an  •■ 

605.  Tendebat :  pitched  their  tenta  in  the  an  one  as  receivee  the  tincUi 

open  fielda.    Legio:  troope  in  genera].  the  Tariooff  colon  of  the  raii 

607.  Curant :  reet — ^re&eeh.  RuBua  eays,  624.  Leriet :  smooth — ^pol| 
r^fieiunt,  doubly  purified.    Ruena  ■■ 

608.  Jfimboi :  in  the  eenae  of  nubes»  625.    Jfon  enarrabile  tex 
610.    Flumine:   near  the  oool  river— on    pressible  tezture  of  the  ahid 

the  banks  of  the  cold  itream.    Steretum :        626.  Itala»  re» :  the  Italia 
rstired — remote.  627.  Haud  ifnaruM^  &e. 

612.  Perfeeta:  made— finialied;  to  tho  concluaion  of  the  li 

613.  Mox  ne  dubites :  dad  in  thia  armor,  tainly,  there  never  waa  a  hn 
my  son,  you  may  not  hesitate  to  challenge  finished.  Having  givBa  oe  t 
either  the  proud,  &c  The  epithet  twierbos^  the  arms  and  armor,  the  i 
refers  to  the  outrage,  which  they  had  offer-  tho  description  of  the  ■cii| 
•d  to  i£nea«  and  hia  followera,  mentioned  ihield.  And  by  way  of  prc 
118.  lupra.  U0  a  ?ery  important  pieoB  o( 

618.  Expleri ;  to  be  eatiified  in  looking  engravings,  and  by  tnat  me 
upon  them.  one  of  the  moet  important  p 

619.  Fersat  inter^ue:  he  tuma  and  ehifUi  It  u  imitated  fitim  HonMrs 
hie  armor  eTeir  way,  the  leaa  Va  Yoa  VAnAa>  ^toved.  Faiumf  ia  te  si 
ths  laiger  in  his  snni    YieiUiBea  \&a  \MMsAa    nna^fiL  yealSi)3wweafc.    1 


k 


MSJ&m.    UB.  VIU.  4M 

^JAuviat  Ignipotent :  illlc  genus  omne  futune  8S8>   niic  expressertd 

f^fhirjpna  ab  Araanio,  pugnataque  in  otdine  bella.  ^^^^  gcnus 

'  *^-  Fecerat  et  vindi  fcptam  Mavortis  in  antro  630 

^rocubuisse  iupam  :  geminos  huic  ubera  cirr.um 

^«udere  pondentea  pueros^  et  lambere  matrem 

Inipavidos :  illam  tereti  cervice  reflexam 

.  Mulcere  alternos,  et  corpora  fingere  lingul. 

^«c  procul  hiric  Roraam,  et  raptas  «n^  more  Sabinas  ^35.  Ncc  procul  hine' 

OoiKCSsu  cavo«,  magnis  Circensibus  actis,  636  «Jf»*'^™^  .  Romam,    et 

•^Ociderat :  subitOque  novum  consurgere  bellum  ^^  ^^^^^   **  '^ 

^oinulidis,  Tatioque  seni,  Curibusque  severis.  636.  Ciioannbus  huUt 

idem,  inter  se  posito  certamine,  reges  actia. 

i,  Jovis  ante  aras  paterasque  tenentes  640 

ibant ;  et  caesi  jungebant  fcedera  porc&. 

,^   Ilaud  procul  inde  citx  Metium  in  diversa  quadrigs 

^^iatulerant ;  at  tu  dictis,  Albane,  maneres ' 

iptabatque  viri  mendacis  viscera  Tullus 

r  sylvani ;  el  sparsi  rorabant  sanguine  vepres.        645  ..5J,^L«  .Tf?'^^*^^?* 
^j  ^  J„        ^   .  .     ^        n  •   L  1.  A  aangumc  rorabant.    Neo 

Nec  non  rarqumium  ejectum  rorsenna  jubebat  non    Porsenna  jubebat 

«xipere,  ingcntique  urbem  obsidiono  premebat.  Romanot  accipere 

NOTES. 

'Hat  had  been  forotold,"  by  preceding  pro-  be  called  Curtlet,  or  Qutrtl««.  from  Curet. 

beta.     Davidflon  Miys  of  Vulcan  :  ^  A  pro-  Sini  more :  witbout  regard  to  law  or  righii 

^ImI  uot  unikiiful,"  taking  ignarut  vaium  Serviua  tajrB,  abtque  exemplo^  whom  Runua 

«fea  the  lenfle  of  ignarut  vaUt  vel  propheta,  followfl :  without  precedent,  or  ezainpie.  Dt^ 

628.  Ignipotent :  a  name  of  Vulcan  ;  of  vidson  thinka  it  stiould  be  taken  in  the  aenae 

itJ  and  ;io/eni.    Feeerai:  in  the  senfle  of  ofmalomore:  wickedly — atrocioufliy.    For, 

jretterat,  sayfl  he :  Romulua,  tolatut  earum,  mattiHam^ 

630.    F<Etam :    not   pregnant,  but  in  the  docuii^  non  injuriA  ted  connubii  cautd^  iptmt 

wmo  of  enixam:  having  juat  brought  forth  raptat  ette;  et  demonttravii  morem  ittum  ei 

liar  young.    This  deflcription  ia  thought  to  Oraetun  ei  antiquum  ette,    Ex  Dionytio. 

\m.'W9  been  taken  from  a  etatue  of  Romulua        636.  ConeettucavecB:  in  the  crowded  circua 

%imI  Remufl  Aucking  the  wolf,  that  was  in  — in  the  aflsembly  of  the  circue :  w  hen  the 

Ib»  capitoi  in  Virgil*»  time.   See  ^n.  i.  274.  great   Circensian    gamee    were  celebrated. 

A3S.  Sabinat  raptat.    After  Romulua  had  For  eavea^  flee  Geor.  ii.  381. 
4bimdod  his  city,  lie  became  flenflible  ihat        638.    Romulidit :  dat*  of  RomuHdeu  tha 

%  W>dy  of  men  could  not  long  be  kept  to-  RomanB,  so  called  from  Roroulufl.    Curibut 

Iprtlwr,  without  some  common  bond  ;  nor  teverit.  Curet^  was  a  city  of  the  Sabinee :  by 

eould    his     state    continue    long    without  meton.  put  for  the  inhabitant8.>x  These  are 

women.     He  Ihereforc  proposed   allianccfl  again  put  by  synec.  for  the  Sabinee  in  ge* 

wilh  hifl  neighbors,  for  the  purpoee  of  ob-  neral.     They  were  a  people  remarkable  fbr 

'  iMning  wives  for  hia  flubjectfl ;  but  tJjey  re-  their  integrity  and  rigid  virtue.    Henoe  th« 

ftwed  any  connezion  with  a  band  of  rumans.  epithet  tevcrit, 

He  thcri  conceived  the  plan  of  taking  them      .  640.    Tenentet  paierat :    holding  gobleta 

bf  Tiolonce.    For  thie  purpoee  he  instituted  ready  to  offer  libationt  on  the  altar. 
•porta,  wliich  were  then  called  Contuatet^        642.  Meiium  ditltUerani.    The  poet,  eeB* 

allerward  Cireentet.    In  these  he  invited  his  sible  that  the  etory  of  Metiue  n^ght  ahock 

oeighbor»,  especially  the  Sabincfl,  from  the  the  humanity  of  his  reader,  ifl  careful  to  re- 

Ohiy  Curef,  and  upon  a  flignal  given,  the  Ro-  roind  hiro  of  the  cause,  for  which  the  Ro 

maoa  were  to  rush  upon  the  women,  and  roan  klng  waa  so  lerribly  flevere,  both  io 

eonvey  thcm  to  their  own  homes.  This  they  his  apostrophe  to  the  traitor,  and  in  giviiif 

4id,  in  violation  of  good  faith,  and  every  him  the  epithet  of  mendax^  falflo  or  treaohe* 

principie  of  justice.     War  immediately  en-  roufl.     See  nom.  prop.  under  Meiiut, 
aued  betwecii  the  two  statofl,  which  however        645.  Rorabani:  inthe  senseof  (fu/t/foAofil. 
was  settled  betwoen  Tatius  king  of  the  Sa-        646.  Portenna,     He    was    king   of  tho 

biiiea,  and  Roinulus,  upon  these  conditions :  EiruteU  and  took  part  with  Tarquin  aitet 

tlM  Sabinos  should  migrate  to  Rome ;  the  his  ezpulsion,  and  endeavored   to   reetora 

garemment  should  be  administered  jointly  him  to  his  throne.    And  he  came  near  ef 

vj  the  two  kings ;    tbat  Rome  ahould  ro-  fecting  it.    He  took  possession  of  Janieu- 

UAa  Hm  name  s  hut  thal  the  citisens  ahould  htm^  on  the  wostem  bank  of  ihe  Tiber» 


^50  P    VIRGILII  MARONIS 

^iieadae  in  ferrum  pro  libertate  ruehant. 
IUum  indignanti  siniilem,  similemque  minanti 
Aspiceres,  pontem  auderet  qudd  vellere  CodeB. 
£t  fluvium  vinclis  innaret  Cloelia  ruptis. 
65t,  In  sommo  e^eo      In  summo  custos  Tarpeis  Manlius  arcis 

M«nliua,  cusUm  Stabat  pro  templo,  et  Capitolia  celsa  tenebat : 

Romuleoque  recens  horrebat  regia  culmo. 
Atque  hic  auratis  volitans  argenteus  anser 
Porticibus,  Gallos  in  limine  adesse  canebat : 
Galli  per  dumos  aderant,  arcemque  tenebant, 
Defensi  tenebris,  et  dono  noctis  opac». 
1169.  Frai  ollii  aurea    Aurea  cffisaries  ollis,  atque  aurea  vestis  ; 

Virgatis  iucent  saguUs  :  tum  lactea  colla 
.  Auro  innectuntur  ;  duo  quisque  Alpina  corusc 

ooroom       '^^  ^^^  "^^""^  «^"^*^  protecti  corpom  longis. 

663.  Hlc  extuderat  H»c  exsultantes  Salios,  nudosque  Lupercos, 
eseultantei  Salioe  Lanigerosque  apices,  et  lapsa  aucilia  coclo, 

NOTES. 

over  Arhich  a  bridflre  was  built  to  connect  it  the  time  tbe  Gauls  held  posBemii 

witli  tiie  niain  city.     This  bridge  was  de-  an  attenipt  was   made    to   soiz 

fendcd  on  the  weNtern  end  by  CocUt,  against  capitol  in  the  dead  of  the  night 

the  EtruBcan  army,  as   thcy  attompted  to  access    wos   by    a    narrow    pai 

pass  it,  until  the    Romans  on  the  eastern  Gauis  had  succeeded  in  oluding 

shore  broke  it  down.     Ador  which  he  cast  and  an  alarm  was  given  by  th 

himself  into  the   river.   aiid   swam   to  his  flock  of  geese,  which  was  near 

friends.     By  this  mcans  the  city  was  saved.  passage :  and  by  that  means  th( 

See  noin.  prop.  undcr  Tarquiniiu.  saved.     The  goose  afterward 

64S).  ^i-^ntada :  tlie  Roiuans,  so  calied  from  high  estimation.     To  this  circu 

JEnens.  .  poet  here  alludes. 

649.  lUum  :  Poriienna.  656.  Canebat :  in  the  sense 

6~>1.  Cluiia.     One  of  the   conditions   of  vel  indieabat, 
peace  exactod  by  PorMenna  of  thc  Romans,         658.  Dono  :  by  the  favor — ai 
was  the  surrender  of  tlieir  virgin»  to  him  as         659.  Aurea  eataries^  &c,     Hi 

hoHtages.     Aiiiunj|r  Uiese  hosta^es  was  CIcp.  a  dcscription  of  the  Gauls,  aiid 

lia.     Uiider  the  pretcnce  of  bathing  herseif,  of  tlieir  armor.     They  are  said 

she  eluded  her  guafds,  and  witli  soine  othcrs  others  to  have  had  long  yellovi 

mountcd  thcir  liorscs,  and  swam  over  tlie  remarkable  white  neck.     Thei: 

Tiber.      Porsenna  dcinanded  her,  and  she  foro,  the  poet  calls  aurea^  gold 

was  restorcd.    But  ho  set  hor  at  libcrty  with  nccks  lactea^  milk-white. 
■uch  other  of  tlie  hostages,  as  she  thought        660.  Haguli*,     The  taguium 

proper  to  name.   The  Romans  presentod  her  or   upper    garment   wom    by 

with  an  equcstrian  statuo.  Gauls.      It  was  streaked   or 

652.  Manliut.     In  the  yoar  of  Romo  364,  different  colors.      Hence   the 

the  Gauls,  uuder  Brennus,  routed  the  Ro-  gatis, 

xnan  army  at  the   river  Allium,  and    pro-        661.  Auro:  in  the  sense  of 

eeeded  to  Rome  and  took  it.     Marcus  Man-  libut. 

liufl  collecftd  a  body  of  men,  threw  hiinsolf        662.  Gasa,     Tho  geuum  wi 

into  the  capitcl,  and  dcfended  it.     By  this  a   light  and  slender  spear,  so 

means  the  city  was  savcd.     See  347.  supra.  thein  could  easily  be  carricd  ii 

664.  Regia  horrtbat :  the  palace  appeared  Tliey  are  here  colled  Atpina.,  b 
rough,  aiid  newly  repairod  with  Romulian  liar  to  the  Gauls,  who  inhabiti 
■traw.    This  thatchcd  palace  of  Romulus,  AIps. 

which  was  built  on  mount  Capitolinut^  was  663.  Saliot,     See  285.  suprs 

rvpaired  from  time  to  timo,  as  it  foU  to  de-  Seo  343.  supra. 

e^.     Virgil  here  represcnts  it  as  standing  664.  Lanigerot  apicet :  woolli 

ia  tha  fime  of  ManHus,  327  years  after  the  cilia.    The  anci,e  was  a  kiud  ol 

tfaath  oT  Romulus.     It  was  hold  in  great  worn  only  by  the  priests  of  Mt 

f  floe.  ation,  os  a  monument  of  their  ancient  days.     One  of  them  is  said  tc 

nugaiity.  from  heavcn  in  tho  reign  of  , 

4S5.  Antenteu»  onier.    It  \a  iiid  tbil  iJt.  to  have  portended  that  the  ci 


k 


Ijtj3 


ANEIS     UB.  VUL 


irat :  cmUb  ducebuit  «Lcra  per  urbem  666 

i«a  in  tnollibus.     Ilitic  procul  Kihlit 
iam  ledes,  alta  oslia  Ditw  : 
•C  tcelcru'!)  j<«Ena8:  ft  te,  Catilina,  minaci 

Ulenlem  ecopulo,  Furiarumque  ora  trementem : 

!retos<iiie  ptoa :  hia  dantem  jura  Catonem.  670     670.  ilow]!»  ■scietut 

H»c  inler  tumidilate  maris  ibat  imago  o*  w^iiu;  el  Cbioubiii 

irea,  sed  fluctu  spumabant  cierula  caiio  ;  ^72.  Sedc<Erul»<™«j- 

1«  eircQ.H  iirBonto  cUri  delphines  in  orbem  ^  .pam.l»i.t  ™o  fluo- 

"■  ^rrebant  caudia,  ffistumque  secabant 

I   inedio  cl;tsses  Enitas,  Actia  bella,  675      6T6.    In   mBdio   mmt 

:  totumque  inatnicto  Marte  videm  '*•'  «"rnere 

^^^     fere  Loiicaten,  auroque  elfulgere  fluctus . 
Bnc  Augustua  agens  Italos  in  prtEba  C(esB.r, 
■•Uni  patriliua,  populoque,  Penalibus,  et  ma(;nis  Dls, 
^Kns  cels&  ia  puppi :  gcminas  cui  tempora  flammoa 

NOTES. 

lav(  to  thoM  in  Efynum,  nho  aro  Htnblllh- 

ed  in  parTeclJon    uid  Tirtue^     Pcrliapi  bj 

jvra,  we  &re  to  underiitaiid  Uinir  riglila  or 

}.  Kr/orfmir;  li»dreprc«fntid.  RuKu.    ju.t  rewird..    Thi.  Cilo  *«.  dirti.iguUliod 

Kvlpicral.  lof  ""  inlegnty  gnd  ngid  virtue. 

■  I    .      *_      i„  .1,.  ...         -,1,  .1.  871.  Inler  hm,  ic.     The  poel  now  pro- 

Uenl:,  fe.  In  the  wmr  wiUi  the  ^^j,  j^  ^i,^  ^^^,  n.en.c.™hlo  Ticlory  whiofa 
.  „  C''!";''"'''."»''^''"  off^injof  .K»ld  Auguwui  oht«n«i  o,er  Antony  .n^  Cl.«. 
Apollo  ol  Delph, ;  ."«d  not  h«ymg  it  m  «,  ^„  ^^  ^j,„„,  ^^  Epiru..  ne«r  jlelium, 

^W  lo  «rrorm  it,  the  wuinen  of  d...     fn  ,he  ye.r  of  Rome  7a3.     Upor.  thi..  th. 
^  broughl  together  ^c.r  jd«o1.,  imd  ^/      ^^  j^,^  ^  ^f  ^^ 

b».ed  th.m  to  h.m.     Whcrcupon  thej-     P  ,-,„   ^^   immortJi»  ihe  n«ne   oV   hi. 
jWTod  Uie  honor  of  being  cwried  .t  tl.e         .^^       .^^^  j^^^  de.cription  of    tha 

Irijc  .how8.  ^d  olher  e.h.b.t.on.,  .n  l.ght     j;^^   .,  ^  /  ^^.^^  nolhini^cu,  «irp™. 

Mhe.  {/»/™i«  -.o/i.4w)  .t  the  public  ex-  ^  .  ,he%urr«e  of  Ihe  widc-.ieli- 


Wbnte., 


J^BO-  CBlilifU,.^  k'.^*/*''"  *^'"''"^  "^    erS(  Tol  ap^oKfcol. 


ru.k.  but  of  .  very  ibu.doned  673.  CiErata.    .WaWaii  underalood.    Thii 

He  twico  HiURhl  ihe  con.ul.te,  „pnne*   tho   w.ler.  in  general.   uithout 

kvdwuaaotXendittppQinted;  which.oen-  ^aj  puliculu  reference  to   colur  in   Ihi. 

^him,lhalheent«rediiiU..conipir«:y  pt^,     Cane  Jluclu;   with  white  .ilvered 

'Itti  Kime  other*  to  rautder  Ihe  coniuli  uid  wtvc 

nm  the  cily.    The  whole  plot  wu  diwo-  671  ClaH:  nhining  in  «Iver. 

and  by  the  ii|lluiee  of  Cicero,  uid  C-  574.  ^rfum;  in  the  ienie  of  jJur/u»  vel 

Bne  eipelled  Irom  Rome.      He  .ilerwu^d  fnarc 

■iibed  on  Iha  fiold  of  b.tlle,  .boul  ihe  mid-  g7s_  ^clia  btlla .-  the  AcUc  fighl.    ^elia: 

«rf  Doceiulwr.58yeer«boforetheChrii-  tn  tii.  rmm  AeHam,  t  prumontory  uf  Epi- 

it  or..     Hi»  M«oei.tMBh.o  pori.hed.  muiy  „g^  ,,i,Br«  Augu.tna  guned  a  Complcte  »ic- 

Umir  miwr.bly,  by  Ihe  huid  of  Ihe  pub-  tory  artt  Antony   uid  Cleopalr.,   in    th* 

oiBCUIioner.     Sdlu.l  haa  given  .  fuU  ,„r  of   Rome  723.     Thi.  victory  plnced 

.t  of  thi.  mo.1   d»rinf  conipir.ey,  Aufu«tu«  Mcurely  on  the  imperial  throne. 

1  in  purily  cWic  .lyle,  ,Xrala*  ;  bmm  beaked. 

tno.  CalaruM.      Some  underrtuid  Calo  676.  /lu/rw/a  «urle .'  with  ths  mimhallnl 

r  C^uor;  hat  alhera,  witli  moro  reuion,  fight.     Leuealen.     See  £n.  iii.  974. 

yerfaape,  Cala  Utieenai      Ln   Ccrd.  hore  678.  Htnc  .^iigutliu,  &c.     Here  Ihe  pwl 

Virgil  Tery  much  In  making  C.lo  nrrangn  the  reipec""             '"      ■"--'- 


wint  l.ws  in  hell  to  jiliatify  Auguilu*.     But,  •ide,  Augu.lui,  with  hi.  Italian  forc»,  Ihe 

H  l*  to  bc  ob.crved,  tli&t  C.to  doB.  not  iu.-  fathen  of    hii    country,  anil    iti    gita.dinn 

Isia  ihat  chsricter  in  the  p1.ce  of  the  con-  goda.     On  the  olher  «de,  Antony,  wilh  hit 

^Milued  ;  bnt  in  the  ahode.  uf  Iha  blBHsd.  forsign  foTCB.,uidthe  god.of  KgypL   Evcry 

.■ -■  '—ild  nol  be  adi.honorto  Cato  to  line  li  beyond  czpreMion  adniiriilitc. 

ith  Minoi  a.id   Rhadiunvithu.,         680.  Cut   tala    lempora :    irhoHc    joyoUi 

fbcMe  di.luigui.hed  legiilator*.     A  qaaition  temple.,  &c.     Cui.-  in  the  .enae  of  niruik 

<aiay  '■ere  ariie:  what  ia  Uie  awarfiving  Oti»iaat  ^fiamaiai.     Bome  refoi  thia  to  hv 


468  P.  VlllOIUI  MARONIS 

Leeta  voniunt,  patriumqne  speritiir  Tertice  sidc 
«H«.  /n  ftlift  paiie  erfl/  Parte  alii,  venti»  et  D!a  Agrippa  sectmdis, 

A^ri]»pft  Arduus,  agmen  agens :  cui,  belli  insigne  supei 

RurioSiSS^:  Tempo«  navaU  fulgent  roBtmte  corpn». 

Pon^  Hmc  ope  barbanca  Tamsque  Antomua  armis 

6H&.  Hinc  ▼ictot  An-  Victor,  ab  Aurorae  populis  et  Ktore  mbro 

toniuv,    barbaricA   ope,  iEgyptum,  viresque  Orienti»,  et  uftima  secum 

Tariiiiqae   amia,    vehit  gactra  vehit :  sequiturque,  nefiis  !  iEgyptia  c 

AiKTptum.vireeque  On- wy  ^  *  *  «1      ^   ^^ll.  az^ 

enUV^et  ultima  Bactra  Unk  omnes  rueie,  ac  totum  spmnare  reductia 

■ecum,  wque  ab  populia  Convulsum  remis  rostrisque  tridentibtis  equo] 

eB9.  Onmes  vidmtur  Alta  petunt :  pelago  credas  innare  revulsas 

ruere   una,    ac    totum  Cycladas,  aut  montes'  concurrere  montibus  al 

^^^^  TantA  mole  viri  turritis  pap|nbua  instant. 

Stuppea  flamma  manu,  telisqiie  volatile  femn 

NOTE8. 

helmet,  the  cone  or  tufl  of  which  had  red  The  same  was  the  end  of  C 

fiery  plumes.     Others,  to  his  diadcm,  which  died  by  the  bite  of  asps,  whid 

waa  Bct  with  sparkling  gems.  that  purpose.     The  army  of 

681.  Patrium  tidus,     This  alludet  \m  the  made  up  chiefly  of  Asiatics. 
nanner  in  which  he  used  to  be  represented  iis  ^urora :  froni  the  nations 
in  the   Roman  sculpture,  having  over  his  ing— of  the  east.     Variii  arm 
head  the  stor  into  which  his  adopted  father  ous  arms — with  arms  of  vafii 
Julius  Ccsar  waa  supposed  to  have  been  and  nations. 

ohangod.  Vomunt  Jlamwuu,     Tbe  poet  here  686.  Rubro  litort :  from  thi 

imitates  Homcr*in  his  d«scription  of  the  Red  tea,    This  sea  sepamto 

helmet  of  Diomode.  Arabia.     Victor.    This  is  m 

682.  Agrippa :  a  noble  Roman,  and  high-  reference  to  his  victory  and  tri 
ly  honored  by  his  prince.  To  his  skill  and  Parthians.  It  is  added  to  do 
conduct,  the  victory  at  Actium  was  chiefly  gustus  in  conquering  so  1 
owing.     IIo  was  tho  son-in-Iaw  of  Augus-  encmy. 

tus,  and  also  his  adopted  son.     He  died  in         688.  Bactra:  neu.  plu. :  a 

thc  year  of  llie  city  742.     Secundu:  in  the  of  Bactriana,  a  country  lying 

seiiHc  of  propiiiis.  east  of  Ihe  Caspian  sea,  put, 

6JI4.   Rnslraia :    adornod  with  the  naval  the  whole  country.     The  Ro 

crown.     Thii!  crovvn  was  bestowed  on  such  Grceks  before  them,  callcd  al 

as  signalizcd  thcmselves  in  an  engagement  barbarians.     So  hcre  the  for 

at  sca.     It  was  sct  around  with  figures  like  arc    called,    barbarica    opes, 

the  beaks  of  ships.  farthcst,  or  most  remote  part 

685.    Anlonius.      Marcus   Antonius  was  ^fryptia  eonjux :  Cleopatra. 
tlie  companion  of  Julius  Caesar  in  all  his         690.  Reductis  remis :   with 

expeditions,  and  was  magister  equitum  du-  Reductis^  shows  the  men  labo 

riiig  hisdictatorship.  Aflerthe  dcathof  Coe-  and  with  all  thcir  might  pulli 

sar,  he  wos   triumvir  with  Octavius  (after-  stroke.     Tridentibus   rostris 

ward    Augustns)    and   Lopidus.     He  ovcr-  beaks.     See  ^n.  v.  143. 
threw  the  army  of  Brutus  and  Cassius.  and         692.  Cycladas,   TheCycIa» 

with  thtMU  the  hopcs  of  the  republicans,  on  ter  of  islands  in  the  ^gean  » 

Ihe  plains  of  Philippi.     Hc  performcd  many  of  thcm,  was  the  birth-placo 

nchic  deeds  fur  his  country,  and  triumphod  Diana.     The  poet  likcns  th 

ovcr   tho    Partliians  in  thc  year  of    Rome  count  of  thcir  magiiitude,  ti 

7 16.     Ho  put  oHay  his  wife  for  the  sake  of  floating  on  the  sea,  and  to 

Orlavia,  thc  sistcr  of    Augustus.     Hc  put  gaging  with  one  another.     1 

her  away  in  turn,  and  marricd  Clcopatra,  is  of  thc  noblest  kind. 
qiiecii  ot"  Eijypt;  whercupon  he  was  decla-         693.  Turritis  puppib%is.   T 

red  an  cnoiiiy  by  the  Senato.     War  v.as  im-  that  had  turrets  or  towers  e 

nicdiatcly  dcclare<l  against  him.     The  two  dccks ;   from  which  the  sol 

ariiiicf^,  or  rathcr  flcets,  engaged  at  Actium,  mannef  of  weapons,  as  if  th 

a    proinontory   of   Epirus.       Antony    was  dry  land;  and  so  encaged  « 

ran(|uishod,  and  fled  to  Alexandria  in  Egypt,  fury  imaginable.     Oi  so  gre 

A'hich  was  soon  besieged ;  and  was  taken  tant&  mole, 
i\\(^  following  year.     Ile  killed  himself,  to         694.  Stuppea  Jtamma,     T 

preveut  falling  into  the  Viaxvda  of  \ui«ci«mv«a.  dlea  of  tow  or  hemp  aot  on  f 


MWSta.    Ufr  tin.  459 

^itur :  am  novt  Neptunia  csde  rubescflht.        695 
ll^ina  in  mediis  patrio  vocdt  agmina  sistro  ;  C06.  I*i  modtis  parft- 

ium  etiam  gemirtos  k  tergo  respicit  angues.  ^  ^yP^  regina  C(eo- 

ligeniimque  Deflni  monstra,  et  latrator  Anubis,  ^*^^  ^°^ 

^ntra  Neptunum  et  Venerem,  contraqne  Minenram  < 
TToUi  tenent.     Scevit  medio  in  certamine  Mavon        700 
^Ccelatus  ferro,  tristesque  ex  sethere  Dirae  ;  701.  Trineiqi  •  Dira 

«t   scissi  gaudens  vadit  Discordia  pallA,  tmnmt  ex  etbero. 

im  cum  sanguineo  sequitur  Bellona  flagello. 
dus  haec  cemens  arcum  intendebat  Apollo 


^,^  — ^por :  omnis  eo  terrore  iEgyptus,  et  Indi,  706 

J>Kinnis  Arabs,  omnes  vertebant  terga  Sabaji.  ^^9'  Ign'P«ten.  twe- 

■^-       «j  i_  *  A*  •  Ai  r^t   illam    mter    cflBiles. 


videbatur  ventis  regma  vocatis  pallontem  futura  morte 

^  ^la  dare,  et  laxos  jam  jamque  immittere  funes.  ferri 

^A^m  inter  csedes,  pallentem  morte  futurft,  711.    Autem    contn 

S;^erat  Ignipotens  undis  et  lapyge  ferri :  710  calaverat  Nilum  magnc 

ntri  autem  magno  mcerentem  corpore  Nilum,  5^'P°'^  m<Brentem,  ^ 

i^j^  .°         ^^^.         ^        *^.^  deiilemque  suot  amua,  ot 

^ndentemque  smus,  et  totA  veste  vocanteni  toi^  ye^te  expaud  vo- 

v^^^ruleum  in  gremium,  latebrosaque  flumina  victos.  cantcm  victn«i 

-  *     .  NOTES. 

'^«utf  the  enemy.     Stuppem:   an  adj.  from  703.  Oaudens  seissA  pallA :  discord  rejoie- 

^  Wi^jMi.     Telis  volatUeferrum.    It  is  not  easy  ing  in  her  rent  mantle.     By  the  rent  mantlo, 

'  ^^  oome  at  the  meaning  of  theee  worde.     If  the  poet  very  forcibly  expresBes  the  oflfect  of 

l-^n»  eould  take  telis  in  the  senee  oftnachinis^  discord  in  dividing  the  minds  of  men,  aad 

*'  -tfce  enginos  with  which  the  weapons  were  destroying  the  peace  of  society. 

' '  ^f^r^'  i*?®"  "^**"^^  ^  "**  difficulty .    Hcyne  704.  JlcHus.  Apollo  b  here  called  Aotius, 

7  '-ttmks  this  can  hardly  be  done.     He  sug-  from  Actium,  a  promontory  on  the  coast  of 

'-•««<•*«•  '«f**»^?  o^ '«'»  in  the  gen.     The  Epirus,wherehehad  afamous  temple.  The 

^olaiile  steel  of  the  dart  n  thrown.     The  whole  coast  was  sacred  to  him.     The  word 

^  -^Ai.  is  frequenUy  used  in  the  sense  of  the  ^cfrum  is  derived  from  a  Greek  word  whioh 

' '  ^9^    .?f  ?  ^  ^  ^®  present  case,  the  mean-  .ignifies  the  shoro,  or  Htus, 

•^■iC  will  be:  The  volatile  steel  of  (to)  the  -^-    r  j-       '.u  .  «u     d    «  •               4U 

'   ^Tewe.pon.then>«>lTM.  F.rr»m:  thepoint  f  thiopiM..    Thew  oompoBed  .  partof  the 

*     1 .  \p  ..      j-.^    u     _         4U       u  1  forces  of  Antony.    The  mhabitants  of  any 

■,  -«r  oarb  ot  toe  dart,  by  synec.  tbe  wbole  .„  ,.      .    .j: ..  n  j  i  j- 

j^.    ^_»  -^     /    ^  warm  chmate  were  sometimes  called  Indi^ 

AAc    ju»    4-     ' 4U      4-r  1    -      indiscriminately.    5a6(et.*  theinhahitants  of 

695.  /feptunia  arva:  a  most  beantiful  ez-     a    lj    t^  i-       rni,  ,  .    a 

pramon  Zr  Uie  «sa.      J^<n>a  eade  :    with    f"^  I^^TJ^    l!'\^f^'  T'*'  7i^t  t/ 

-  iwl^-^musual  slaughter.  *°"y.    £0 /error*;  with  the  fear  of  that,&c 

696.  6if/ro.     The  sutrum  was  a  kind  of        708.  Immittere  laxosfunes:  to  give  loose 
lambrel  peculiar  to  the  Egyptian»,  and  used     ropes— to  let  go  the  ropes  that  contracted 

^     by  them  in  the  worship  of /m.    The  epithet    ^e  sails.     This  is  a  meUphor  Uken  from 
flo^rte  is  therefore  very  proper.  loosening  the  rems    of  a  horse,  to  let  him 

697.  Oeminos  angues.    This  is  supposed    g»  »*  fuU  speed.  ,    ,       ^ 

10  allude  to  the  manner  of  her  death.     As  ^IO.  lapyge.    This  wmd  blew  from  Apu- 

#fao  was  to  die  by  the  bite  of  asps,  it  is  sup-  "*»  the  most  eastem  part  of  Italy,  and  con- 

posod  that  Vulcan  engraved  them  behind  «equently  toward  Egypt.    It  is  calied  lap^, 

.     hor,  10  show  what  was  to  be  her  destiny,  from  the  ancient  name  of  Apuha.    Feeerai: 

Ihough  she  was  not  then  apprehensive  of  it.  h*d  engraved— represented. 

69b.    Omnigenikm^  kc    The  Egyptians  711.  JfUum.    This  personification  of  the 

wero  notorious  for  consecrating  as  gods  the  river  Nile  is  eztremely  fine.    The  Nile  is 

•Bveral  kinds  of  animais.     Cicero  says  of  the  largest  river  of  Africa.     Rising  in  the 

Iheni:  9mne  feri  genus  bestiarum  ^lgyptii  mountainsofAb^ssinia^andrunnmganorth- 

t9nsceriLrunt.    The  deities,  however,  most  erly  counie,  fertilizine  the  country  through 

honored,   were   Ohrts,  one  of  tbeir  kings,  which  it  passes,  it  faBs  into  the  Mediterra» 

and  Isis  his  wifo.    Also,  Anubis.     He  was  noan  sca  by  seven  mouths.     Its  mundatione 

most  proSably   their  servant,  and,  for  his  aro  occasioned  by  tke  periodical  rains,  whicb 

6delity,  was  consecrated.     He  was  repre-  fall  within  the  tropics.    Marentem:  m  tbo 

tfonted  with  a  dog^s  bead,  in  aliusion  to  his  sonse  of  dolentenu 

fidelity ;  the  dog  being  the  roost  faitbful  of  713.  Latebrosa:  winding — afibrding  a  pnfiB 

animalie    Viigil  calls  bim  latrator,  and  secure  retreat. 


460  P-  VlRGilJl  MARONIS 

At  CksVi  triplici  invectus  Romana  triump]: 
Mcenia,  Dis  Italis  votum  immortale  sacrabat, 
7t6.  AinRpetercentam  Maxima  ter  centum  totam  dolubra  per  urbem. 
maiima  delubra  LaetitilL,  ludisque  viae  plausuque  fremebant : 

Tia  Erai  chorus  ma-  Omnibu8*in  templis  matrum  chorus ;  omnibus 

uir-Vii/^w»  *****  ^""^  ^"*®  *^*^  ^^""^  ^^'  strav^re  juvenci, 

720.    Jtugtuiui  ipie,  Ipse,  sedens  niveo  candentis  limine  Phcebi, 
■edoM  in  aiveo  Umine  Dona  recognoscit  populorum,  aptatque  superl 
eandentis  lempli  Postibus.     Incedunt  victse  longo  ordine  gcnle 

Qu^  varis  Hnguis,  habitu  tam  vestis  et  armij 
724.     Hlc    Mulciber  Hic  Nomadum  genus,  et  discinctos  Mulciber 
finxerat  genua  jjj^  Lelegas,  Carasque,  sagittiferosque  Gelon< 

Finxerat.     Euphrates  ibat  jam  mollior  undis, 
729.   JEt%eat  miratur  Extremique  hominum  Morini,  Rhenusque  bic* 
talia  dona  parentis  Ve-  Indomitique  Dahse,  et  pontem  indignatus  Ara 
"^k  Gaude^ue  ima-  ^Jalia,  per  clypeum  Vulcani,  dona  parentis 
gine  rerum,  quaruui  ai  Miratur :  rerumque  ignarus  unagme  gaudet, 
adhue  ignarua  AttoUens  humero  famamque  et  fata  ncpotum. 

NOTES. 

714.  TripHci  triumpho,  Aujpigtusobtain-  a  people  to  the  south  of  lonii 

ed  three  yictories:  one  over  tho  Illyrians,  north  of   Dorit.     Oelonot.     T 

another  over  Antony  and  Ocopatra,  and  a  pcople   of  Scythia,  or  Thrac 

third  over  Egypt,  which  was  reduced  to  a  tJirowing  the  arrow. 

Roman  province.     This  was  cffected  by  the  726.  Finxerai:  in  the  Bense 

capture  of  Alexandria  in  tho  year  of  Rome  727.   Morini.     These  were 

724,  and  in  the  month  SexlUit ;  which  afler-  habiting  the  northem  parts  o: 

W9.Td  wsM  caWed  jiuguttus.    Soon  afler  this,  against  Britain;  which  the  Ri 

the  year  was  bcgun  on  the  first  day  of  Ja-  dered   the   boundary  of  the   i 

nuary.  westward.     Hence  they  are  c 

716.  Ter  cenium^  &c.     A  definite  numbcr  hominum:  the  niost  remote  of 

is  herc  used  for  an  indefinite  nuinber.     We  capital  was  Tarvanna.     Caiuf 

are  informed  that   Augustus   built  Bcvcral  uinphed  over  them,  on  the  sa 

■uinptuous  temples  at  Roinc,  among  which  Augustus  obtained  his  6r8t  trii 

wos  onc  to  Julius  Ccesar,  his  adoptcd  fathcr.  nus :    the   Rhinc,   a   well-kno' 

This  was  huilt  on  mount  Palaiine^  of  white  arises  in  the  Alps,  and  taking 

Parian  marhlc.     Hcnce  thc  cpithet  eanden-  direction,unitc8  with  thc^Vain: 

/w,  verse  7*20,  infra.     Vice :    the  streets  of  Hence  it  is  called  bieomis^  tw< 

the  city.     Frcmcbani  :  in  the  sense  of  reto-  falls  into  the  Germon  sea  by  sei 

nabani.  7:28.  Daiia.     Where   these 

723.  Linguis:  languagc.  Habitu:  man-  situated  is  uncertain.  Stopb 
ner,  or  form  of  their  apparel.  they  wero  a  nation  of  Scythia. 

724.  J^omadum,  The  J^omadce  vel  Numa-  them  in  Asia,  near  the  river 
dot  were  a  pcople  of  Africa,  situated  to  tho  falls  into  the  Caspian  sea,  frc 
wcst  of  (^arthage.  Their  capital  city  was  east,  separating  B&ctriana  fro 
Cirta.  Thoy  derived  their  name  from  a  If  this  be  correct,  tliey  were  al 
Greek  word  which  significs  pasture;  pas-  ny.  jiraret,  This  is  a  river, 
turage  being  thoir  chief  business.  Ditcinc'  menia,  taking  an  easterly  direct 
tot :  the  Africans  are  so  called  froin  the  ing  into  the  Caspian  sea.  It 
loosencss  of  thcir  apparel,  or  from  their  ge-  the  bridge  which  Alexander  1 
neral  inactivity  and  avcrslon  to  labor.  Mul-  Honcc  it  is  said :  indxgnaiut  p9 
riber :  a  name  of  Vulcan.  dained  a  bridge. 

725.  Leltgas,  The  Lelega.  were  a  pcople  730.  Ignarut^  &c.  Althougl 
of  Asia  M inor.  Homer  placcs  them  about  delighted  with  these  figures  ani 
the  bay  of  Adramyttium.  By  some  they  tions  upon  his  shield,  he  kncw  n 
are  confounded  wiii  the  Caret,    Theie  were  were  designed  to  represent  anil 


iENEIS.    LIB.  Vm 


461 


QUESTIONfl. 


the  subject  of  thit  book  f 

«  direction  did  iKneu  fro  to  the 

vander  ? 

.as  his  city  eituated  f 

la  tlie  naine  of  it ' 

s  it  callcd  Pa//an/fum.'       • 

is  he  rcccivcd  by  the  aged  mo* 

country  wat  he  a  native  ? 
as  hc  doiug  at  the  time  of  the 
Eneas  ? 

nean  and  Evander  in  any  way  ro* 
ch  other? 

n  Uiat  relationship  deducod  ? 
s  thcir  coiniiion  ancostor  ? 
jider  any  acquaintance  with  An- 

occairion  had  he  seen  him  ? 
I  the  island  of  Salainis  lituated  ? 
ne  Friain  to  visii  tliat  inland  f 
lier  placis  did  ho  vivit  at  tlie  eame 

.  account  wero  tliose  sacrod  rites 

III  honor  of  HorcuIcB,  in  which 

ai»  tlicn  cngagod  ? 

n  llcrcules? 

Iier  naines  liad  he  f 

.  occasion  did  he  visit  Evandor  ? 

s  Cacus  ? 

lad  he  his  residence? 

d  he  done  to  bring  the  vengeance 

9  upon  him  ? 

way  did  he  take  thcse  heifers  to 

as  his  ohjcct  in  doing  this  ? 
M  a  discovcry  finally  made  ? 
vas  the  cave  of  Cacus  situated  ? 
approach  of  Herculcs,  what  did 

I  the  hcro  find  admission  into  his 

sitftance  did  hc  make  ? 

.  Herculctt  kill  tlie  inonster  ? 

*cule8  perform  any  othcr  distin* 

tions  ? 

e  sonie  of  thom  ? 

m  wa8  lie  made  subject  by  Juno? 

my  actions  did  he  perform  at  tlie 

of  that  king  ? 

e  they  called  by  way  of  distinc* 

ninence  ? 

as  tlie  object  of  iEneas  in  going 

rt  of  Evander  ? 

umish  him  with  men  and  suppliet 

r? 

as  the  character  of  Evander  as  a 

perfomied,  in  liis  youth,  maj  foata 


What  are  some  of  them  ' 

How  many  nien  did  he  send  witli  /Eneas  ? 

Who  commanded  thom  ? 

What  was  tho  age  of  Pallas  at  that  time  f 

What  was  the  state  of  the  Tuscans  ? 

Whcre  were  they  sltuatcd  in  rcspect  to 
the  Tiber  ? 

Wliat  was  the  cause  of  tho.r  buing  in 
arms? 

Was  the  throno  of  Tuscany  at  that  timtt 
vacant  ? 

Had  they  made  any  offer  of  the  crown  to 
Evander  ? 

Why  did  he  decline  it  ? 

Who  commanded  the  Tuscan  troops  * 

What  was  the  object  of  .£neas  in  visiting 
the  Tuscan  camp  ? 

Did  tlie  Tuscans  willingly  place  them- 
selves  under  his  command ' 

Had  there  been  any  prophetic  declarationa 
upon  this  subject  ? 

What  piince  does  Tumus  endeavor  to 
bring  over  to  his  interest  ? 

In  what  part  of  Italy  were  his  pomm 
sions? 

What  was  the  name  of  his  city  ? 

Who  was  Dioniede? 

What  did  Venus  in  the  mean  time  ' 

Where  were  the  forges  of  Vulcan  ? 

Who  were  his  workmen  ? 

What  were  the  names  of  the  chiof  of 
them? 

What  were  they  doing  at  that  time? 

On  the  shield  of  iEneas  waa  thero  anj 
carved  work  ? 

Were  there  any  events  of  the  Roman  hi^* 
tory  there  represented  ? 

What  wore  some  of  those  events  ? 

How  did  iEneas  receive  this  imp«Mtm> 
ble  shield  ? 

Where  waa  he  at  the  time  ? 

Was  this  a  very  unexpected  event  to  him  l 

In  what  Hght  may  this  book  be  coosi* 
dered? 

Where  is  tho  scene  laid  ? 

What  does  Dr.  Trapp  observe  of  thn 
book? 

What  part,  in  particular,  is  the  fiaeet  aml 
most  noble  ? 

In  what  dcscriptioB  does  the  poet  appeor 
to  have  ezeried  all  the  powers  of  his  miad  ? 

Whero  was  that  battle  fought  ? 

What  waa  the  coneequence  of  thai  vislo- 
Tj  to  Augustus  ? 

What  waa  t]«  end  of  Antony  ? 

What  waa  tho  end  of  Cleopatra  •'' 

In  what  manner  did  she  die  ? 

How  doea  th«  book  oondudo  ' 


LIB£R  NONU& 


Tn  this  book  the  war  commencefl.  Tumus,  takinf  the  adTintafe  of  t 
iEneaa,  anaults  thc  Trojon  camp ;  and  attcmpts  to  set  fire  to  their  ahipa, 
ehanged  into  sea-nymphs.  In  a  stato  of  constemation,  thej  lend  Niaus 
to  recall  ^neas.  This  introducea  thc  cpisode  of  their  friendship,  ^nei 
conclusion  of  their  adventures:  which  extends  from  tho  I76th  line  to  tli 
ono  of  the  finest  pieces  of  the  £neid.  The  nezt  moming,  Tumus  rene 
and  performs  prodigies  of  valor.  At  length,  being  in^rmed  that  thi 
opened  the  gates,  he  repairs  thither ;  when  a  most  dosperate  conflict 
Trojans  take  refuge  within  their  gates.     The  hero  enters  along  with 

Satee  are  closfxl  upon  him.  Juno  assist?  him,  and  a  grcat  slaughter  cnsuea. 
ec  in  ali  dircctions  before  him.  At  last.,  however,  they  are  rallied  by  I 
Sergestus,  and  rcnew  the  fight.  Tumus  retires  befbre  them,  escapee  from 
monts,  and  returns  in  safety  to  his  camp. 
Thu  book  is  difitinguished  from  the  rest  by  the  total  absenco  of  .£neas.  Il 
fighting  than  any  of  the  other.  Dr.  Trapp  considen  the  tranaformatioi 
mto  nymphs  of  tbe  sea,  as  a  Uemish  to  the  book. 

ATQUE  ea  diversft  penitilis  dum  parte  gf 
Iriin  de  cgbIo  misit  Saturnia  Juno 
Audacem  ad  Tumum.     Luco  tum  fortd  pai 
Pilumni  Tumus  sacratd  valle  sedel>at : 
Ad  quem  sic  roseo  Thaumantias  ore  locuta 
Tume,  quod  optanti  Divdm  promittare  nem 
Auderet,  volvenda  dies  en  attulit  ultrd! 
iEneas,  urbe,  et  sociis,  et  classe  relictft, 
Sceplra  Palatini  sedemque  petivit  Evandri. 
10.  Nec  eti  hoe  satls;  Nec  satis:  extremas  Corvthi  penetravit  ad  \ 
penetravit  Lydorumque  manum,  coilectos  annat  agres 

12.  Nunc  «/  tempus  Qujd  dubitas  ?  nunc  tempus  ec|UOs,  nunc  pc 
poMcere  equos  Runq^e  moras  omnes,  et  turhata  arripe  cast 

Dixit :  et  in  cculum  paribus  se  sustulit  ali 
Ingentemque  fugk  sccuit  sub  nubibus  arcunn 

NOTES. 

1.    Oeruntur.     This  rcfcrs  to  whal  has  thc  form  of  a  city,  with  tai 

bocn  rclated   in    the   preccding  book — the  and  gates. 

tfansactions  at  the  court  of  Evandcr.  9.  Evandri,     Evander  is  1 

S,  Parenlis.     Pilumnus  was  not  tho  im-  latine^  because  hc  dwclt  on  i 

mediate  parent  of  Turnus,  but  ono  of  Iiis  or    Palitinut^   whero    Romi 

a.«ce8tors;    either  his  grandiathcr  or  grcat  dwclt;  and^also,  tho  Romam 

grandfather.     Scrvius  says  Pilwnnus   was  froni  Augustus.    Seeptra:  th 

Uie  conimon  nanie  of  the  family.  ieus  say^5,  regna,     Hedem  :  pi 

5.  Thaumantiux.     Iris,  the  daughtcr  of  10.  Corytki,     CoryLhus,  a 

Thaumas  and  Elcctra.     Sce  iEn.  iv.  700.  ny  founded  by  Corytus,  a  Tt 

(i.  Optanti:  to  you  wishing  so  favorablo  called  by  his  name. 

ttnj>pporlunity.  H.  Lydorum.     The  Tusc 

i.  Dies  ioirt!nda  :  the  time  (that  was)  to  Lydians,  because  they  were 

bc  rcvolved — the  time  destined  by  ihc  fates.  Lydia  in  Jisia  Minor. 

Oue:  In  thn  Kcnso  of  tempus.  15.  Secuitareum:  shecutt 

8.  {/rfrf.  Thiscityof  ^neas  is  somctimes  &c.     The  rainbow  was  reckc 

called  a  camp.     It  was  a  camp,  fortificd  in  of  Iris  ;  so  that  the  meanii 


.] 


iENEIS.    LIB.  IX. 


«as 


pnovit  juvenis,  dupliceeque  ad  sidera  palroai 
istulit,  ac  tali  fuitieoteni  est  voce  aecutus : 
i^  decus  cicii,  cjuiB  te  ir.ilii  nubibus  actam 
ettdit  in  terraa  ?  unde  baec  tain  clara  repentd 
empestas  ?  medium  video  discedere  CGelum, 
tkntes(iue  polo  stellaa.     Sequar  omina  tanta, 
luisquis  in  arnia  vocaa.     £t  sic  effatus,  ad  undam 
rocessit,  snmmoque  hausit  de  gurgite  lymphaa, 
hdta  Deo»  orans  :  oneravitque  Ktliera  votis. 
Jamque  omnis  campis  exercitus  ibat  apertis, 
lies  equ(kmf  dives  pictai  vestis,  et  auri. 
bnapus  prinias  acies,  postrema  coercent 
^rrheida;  juvcnes:  medio  dux  agmine  Tumua 
ertitur  arma  tenens,  et  toto  vertice  suprit  est. 
lau  scptem  surgens  sedatis  amnibus  altus 
er  tacitum  Ganges ;  aut  pingui  flumine  Nilua, 
Am  refluit  campis,  et  jam  se  condidit  alveo. 
Hic  subitam  nigro  glomerari  pulvere  nubem 
rospiciunt  Teucri,  a^  tenebras  insurgere  campia. 
rimus  ab  advers4  cooclamat  mole  Caicus : 


19.    Jc  renifl 
agnovit 


T\»mu$ 


90 


26 


tt.  Qniflqitb  Deanm 
vocu  me  iii  arfna.  Et 
■ic  effatus  proceflnt  ad 
andam  Thbris 


S7.    Meflflapofl  eoereet 
priinafl  aciefl 

99.  £t  eflt  flupra  •«•- 
50  *i^  '^^  ^^  vortico 

31.  Aut  ceu  Nilufl  pin- 
gni  flumine  /f  ut/.  ci^ 


36 


NOTES. 


r  way  throug^h  it,  to  moant  op  again  into 
aren  in  that  vehicle. 

16.  Pmtmas:  pioperlj,  the  palm  of  the 
iM :  by  flynec.  the  whole  haud. 
19.  Unde  heee  iam :  whence  thie  flo  gl&ring 
iffatneflfl,  all  on  a  fludJen  ?  Tempettcu  evi- 
latly  ineanfl,  in  thi*  place,  flerenity,  bright- 
M,  or  brilliancy.  DetuHi :  in  the  flense  of 
mini.  Tempesiat  tam  elartu  Rusue  flayfl, 
teia  aeli  tam  splendida, 
tt.  Fideo  medium :  I  flee  heaven  open  in 
e  Budflt,  and  ntani  flhooting  acrofle  the  eky. 
'hen  the  li|;htning  bunU  through  the 
oodfl,  the  flkiefl  seem  at  timofl  to  be  ront 
■ader.  We  are  to  understand  by  tteilas^ 
fl  aioioorfl,  and  other  elcctric  appearancea, 
at  flhoot  across  the  flkiee  like  fltarfl.  Ser- 
Bfl  undnrfltandfl  it  of  the  etara  themeelvefl. 
bat  tiiey  nbould  ever  appear  in  the  day- 
m  ifl  very  eztraordinary,  but  that  they 
oald  appoar  in  tlie  additional  light  brought 
iris^  wafl  inuch  more  eo.  Thifl,  therefore, 
afirmed  Tamus  in  the  opinion  that  it  was 
OMlhinif  pretematural  and  divine.  Seqyar 
Ma  omina^  waa  therefore  hifl  immediate 
tormination. 

B3.   Ljfmpkas:  in  the  flenee  of  aquam. 
gurgUe:    firom  the  Burfaco  of  tbe 


14.  JEihera  :  in  the  eenfle  of  eeUum, 

B6.  Piciai  the  old  genitive  for  pieite :  va- 

^ted — embroiderea. 

{7.  Coeretni:   in  the  flenee  of  infermni. 

■boa  flaya,  reguni.    Postrema:  the  rear. 

wMfia  ifl  lindentood. 

E8.  TjfrrhttritE :  the  flons  of  Tyrrheus^  a 

tranvoiic  noun.    Tyrrheufl  H*afl  the  flhep- 

nd  of  Latinufl,  whoee  eldeflt  flon  waa  kilied 

VII. 


S9.  Feriihtr :  in  the  aenfle  ofineedii.  Thm 
'  line  ia  marked  by  Heyne  aa  an  interpola- 
tion. 

30.  Ceu  aiius  Oanges :  aa  the  dcep  Oan* 
gefl,  rifling  silently  from  Beven  fltill  streamr 
flowfl  on  ita  courflo  flilont  and  fltill,  flo  movea 
the  army  of  Tumufl.  Thifl  ifl  a  beantiAil 
flimile,  and  ia  intended  to  expresN  Uie  majea- 
tic  fllownoflfl  and  flilence  of  their  march : 
alflo,  their  order,  after  having  been  flcattered 
and  diflpereed;  aa  thofle  rivers  glide  within 
their  channela,  after  having  overllowed  the 
eountry.  An  ellipsifl  here  is  neceflflarr  in 
order  to  make  the  eenfle  clear,  which  I  have 
fiiled.    The  G^gee  is  tho  largept  riverof 

vAriB^  and  dividee  India  into  two  parU. 
After  a  conrflo  of  about  2,000  milce,  in  whieh 
it  recievefl  the  watere  of  a  number  of  oon- 
fliderable  fltreamfl,  it  falla  into  the  bay  of 
Bengal  by  oeveral  mouthe.  Liko  the  Nilo, 
it  overflowo  ite  bankfl.  By  tejatem  sedatis 
amnibus^  we  are  to  underbtand  the  fleveral 
riverfl  which  flow  into  the  Gangee,  and  ang- 
ment  ita  waterB.  Hence  the  proprietj  of 
surgens.  The  nativofl  worship  the  rivor  aa 
agod. 

31.  Per  iaeiium :  taken  adverbially,  in  tho 
oenfle  of  iaeiti. 

32.  Citm  r^uii:  when  it  hath  rotirej, 
or  flowed  back  from  thc  plaina,  and  confined 
itflolf  to  itfl  channeL  Pingui  Jlumisu  :  witb 
itfl  fertilizing  waters.  Tho  fertility  of  Egyp^ 
ifl  wholly  owing  to  tlie  overflowing  oftte 
Nilo.     Soe  Geor.  iv.  203.  and  iCn.  viiL  711 

In 


33.  Olomerari :  to  be  formed — to 
wreathj  eolumnfl,  like  cloudfl  of  flmoko 

35.  Jtfok:  lamyiTt-  ■Uinem 


4G4  P-  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Qub  globus,  6  cives,  cali^ne  volTitur  atrl  ^ 

Ferte  citi  femiin,  date  tela,  scandite  murofl 

Ilostis  adest,  eja.     Ingenti  ciamore  per  omr 

38.0mneRTeucricon-  Condunt  se  Teucri  portas,  et  mcBnia  comple 

dnnt  se  ingenti  clam^  Namque  ita  discedens  pra^eperat  optimus  ai 

per  porta«  ^Eneas  :  si  qua  intere^  fortuna  fuisset ; 

41.  Interea  uqua  dura  . ,  ^   ,  ,   * 

fiiriunii  fuiBset  ^®  struere  auderent  aciem,  neu  credere  canr 

Castra  modd,  et  tutos  servarent  aggere  mun 

Ergd,  etsi  conferre  manum  pudor  iraque  mo 

Objiciunt  portas  tamen,  et  praecepta  fiicessui 

Armatique  cavis  exsfpectant  turribus  boetem. 

Tumus,  ut  antevolans  tardum  pnecesseral 

Viginti  lectis  equitum  comitatus,  et  urbi 

Improvisus  adest :  maculis  quem  Thracius  a 

Portat  equus,  cristAque  tegit  galea  aurea  rul 

61.  O  juvenes,  ecquis  Ecquis  erit  mecum,  juvenes,  qui  primus  in  h 

pettrum  erit,  qui  piiniuB  EJn,  ait ;  et  jaculum  intorquens  emittit  in  aui 

aruet   in   i^ostom    »ie-  Principium  pugnie  ;  et  campo  sese  arduus  ii 

Clamore  excipiunt  socii,  fremituque  sequunt 
Horrisono.     TeucrClm  mirantur  inertia  corc 

66.  Viros  non  dare  se  ^^^  ^^^^  ^  campo,  non  obvia  ferre 
iMuo  campo,  non  ferre    .            *.  ,        .    '^ n  tt      ^    i  «j 
arma  obvia                     Arma  viros  ;  sed  castra  fovere.    Huc  turbid 

67.  Tumiu  turbidut  Lustrat  equo  muros,  aditumque  per  avia  quf 
laatnit  Ac  veluti  pleno  lupus  insidiatus  ovili, 

Ciim  fremit  ad  caulas,  ventos  perpeasus  et  ii 
64.  Rabiea  edendi  col-  Nocte  super    medift :  tuti  sub  matribus  agni 
fauV^um?^rt '  fTu^  Balatum  exercent :  ille  asper  et  improbus  ir 
«icciB  sanguine  fatigant  ^^^i^  ^^  absentes  :  collecta  fatigat  edendi 
eum  Ex  longo  rabies,  et  siccee  sanguine  fauces . 

NOTES. 

36.  Glohiis:  a  troop,  or  multitude  of  aol-  ceremony  of  throwing  a  javoli 
diera.  (^uis :  in  ihe  sense  of  quanlus,  Vol-  my'8  territory,  as  a  sirnal  of 
vitur:  is  approachinfir.  Ruo^us  says,  arcfe/t/  pium  :  in  tho  sense  ofinitiun 
ad  nos.  But  volritur  rnay  be  takcn  pcrhaps  54.  Horrisonofremitu  :  wilh 
in  the  scnse  of  nivolriiur :  is  involved,  or  Excipiunt :  thoy  answer  wit 
coiicealed  from  us,  in  that  thick  cloud  of  dust.  — they  socond,  &c. 

37.  Ftrrum:  here,  must  mean  arms  in  55.  Inertia  :  cowardly — fe 
gencral.  56.  Obvia  :  in  the  sense  of 

38.  Per :  in  the  sense  of  intra.  57.  Fovere  castra :  to  cheri 

40.  Optimus  annis  :  most  skilful  in  the  camp — keep  close  to  it.  Th 
art  of  war — most  valiant  in  arms.  brious  expression.     It  is  a  ni 

41.  S\quafortuna  :  if  there  should  be  any  from  timurous  mothers,  who 
danger  or  hazard  durinj^  his  absence,  he  di-  dren,  and  keep  them  close  to 
rected   that  thoy  should   not,  &c.     If  war  when  apprehensive  of  their  bt 
should  broak  out  whilc,  &c.  Turbidtts :  in  the  sense  of  irc 

43.  JSIodo :    only — they   should    attempt         58.  Per  aria :  in  the  sena* 
nothing    more.      jiggere  :    in  the  sense  of    cessa  loca.     Avia  :  of  a  priv. 
munimentis.  60.  Cumfremit :  powls  aro 

44.  Momtrat  eonferre :  urges  them  to  en-  cotes.  Perpessus :  enduring- 
IgtLige  hand  to  hand — in  close  quarters,  and  61.  Super :  until — asfaraa 
un  equal  terms,  yet,  &c.  #u6  mediam  noctem. 

4h.  Equitum :   gen.  plu.  for  equiiibut^  to  62.  lile  asper :   he  fierce  m 

a^pree  with  lectis.  with  anger,  &c.     Jlbsentet :  tl 

49.  Albis  maculis :  of  white  spota.     The  up  in  the  fold,  and  out  of  hia 

|irep.  i  vel  ex  is  understood.  cent :  in  the  sense  of  emittunk 

S1.  IniOTQuens  jaeulum :  brandishinjr  hit  63.  Stgvit:  in  the  sense  of, 

'avelin,  he  tnrew  it  into  the  air,  aa  tbe  begrin-  onderatood. 

oiii^,  &C.    ThiBi8ana.lltuionfto  the  Roman  64.   RaHtt  edendi:  a  raci 


MNEIS.    LIB.  m.  U» 

olitcr  Riitulo  muros  et  castra  tuenti  66 

unt  irffi :  et  duris  dolor  ossibus  ardet ; 
tentet  ratione  aditns  ;  et  qu&  via  clausos 
cutiat  Teucros  valio,  atque  eflfundat  in  sequor. 
m,  quse  lateri  castrorum  adjuncta  latcbat, 
_^    ibus  septani  circum  et  fluvialibus  undis,  70 

iiivmdit ;  sociosque  incendia  poscit  ovantes, 
u6  manum  pinu  flagranti  fervidus  implet. 
m  verd  incumbunt :  urget  praesentia  Turni, 
r|ue  onmis  facibus  pubes  accingitur  atris! 
Jtj«iripii^re  focos :  piceum  fert  fumida  lumen  75     7^    ^^  Vulcanos  feri 

^^•^a,  et  commixtam  Vulcanus  ad  astra  favillam.  .  cominixtam  favillaui  ad 

Quis  Deus,  6  Musce,  tam  seeva  incendia  Teucris  astra. 

^ertit  ?  tantos  ratibus  quis  depulit  ignes  ?  79.   Est  priBca   fidet 

^ciie.     Prisca  fides  facto,  sed  fama  perennis.  ^^^r^u"*  ^*™*  '"'**"  ^ 

Tempore,  quo  primum  PhrygiA  formabat  in  Idft        80  ^sSL^Berecynthia   ipaa 
neas  classem,  et  pelagi  petere  alta  parabat ;  genitrix  Deum  lertur  af- 

DeDin  fertur  genitrix  Berecynthia  magnum  »ta  esse  magnum  Jovem 

NOTES. 

fer.    Edendi :  in  tho  aense  ofeibi.    Fa-  ite  being  believed.    But  to  pui Jidesfaeto  for 

urges  him  on.     KuieuA  says,  vexat,  faetum.  though  with  the  addition  of  belief, 

.*  dry — thireting  for  blood.  is  hanh  and  singular.     Heyne  takeB /oc/o, 

05.  haiulo :  to  the  Rutulian — to  Tumue.  in  the  sense  of /ar/i,  which  makes  the  senee 

66.  Dotor :  indignation — anguish.  easier.    The  belief  of  the  fact  was  ancient, 

67.  Qua  ratione :   in  what  way  he  may  but  the  report  or  tradition  will  always  con- 
jtain  accesB ;  and  in  what   way  he   may  tinue.     Davidson  renders  the  words :  '^  an- 

^«■lodge  the  Trojans,  shut   up  in   their  in-  cient  is  the  testirauny  of  the  fact,  but  im- 

"^        chnients,  £ic,      It   is    much    bettor   to  mortal  is  its  famo.**     Valpy  says,  ^  the  fact 

e  via  in  the  abl.  than  the  nominative  to  was  at  firBt  crcdited  on  good  authority,  but 

verb  excutiat^  with  Heyno  and  V*alpy.  the  tradition  has  becn  ronstant.** 

^^lria  obscures  the  sense,  wliile  tho  former        80.  Tempore,  quo^  iic,    By  some  critics, 

ders  it  obvious.     Ruteus  and  Davidsou  Virgil  has  becn  censured  for  this  metafnor* 

^d  fud  nia,     Heyne,  qwe  via.  phosis  of  the  ships  of  iEneas  into  sea-nymphs. 

69.  A^nela :   adjoining — near  to.     Ru-  Dr.  Trapp  has  considered  this  mattcr  at  some 
is  says,  admota,  length  in  a  note  upon  this  place.     In  con- 

70.  Cireim  septam:  protected  around.  ciusion  he  says:  Virgil  we  know  was  not 
JRiMBUf  says,  defensam,  FluvialHnu  undis :  the  first  who  wrote  of  the  coming  of  ^ne- 
%j  Ibe  waters  of  the  ri\er — simply,  by  the  as  into  Italy  :  and,  among  other  tradi- 
«iver  Tiber.  tions  of  his  country,  it  is  probable  be  found 

7 1.  Poseit  ineendia :  he  demands  flames  the  story  coined  to  his  hand,  and  could  not 
•f  his  joyous  compauions.  He  urders  them  omit  it  without  disobliging  those  whom  it 
to.take  flre,  and  assist  him  in  buming  the  was  his  business  to  pleasc.  This  appears 
jiiu|H  Verbs  of  commanding,  &c.  govem  probable,  if  we  consider  the  judgnient  of 
two  accusatives.  Uiis  great  poet,  (who  is  not  likely  to  be  tlie 

73.    Intumbunt :    they    ezert    all    their  inventor  of  a  story  which  exceeds  all  Ovid*! 

■Ctengtli — they  spring  to  it  eamestly.  iu  'mprobabiiity,)  and  also  the  Iiints  whicb 

75.  Dinpuere:  they  strip — plunder  the  he  gives  of  his  own  disapprobation  of  it. 
fc—rth*.     Fert :  in  the  sense  of  emittit.  However,  he  docs  all  he  can  to  cover  ita 

76.  Fuleanus :  the  god  of  fire,  by  mcton.  absurdity.  and  deludes  us  ix»  niuch  as  poasi- 
pat  for  fire  itself.  Tada :  a  fircbrand —  ble.  Hr  invokes  the  muses  afresh  ;  intro- 
torch,    FavUlam  :  the  sparks.  duces  it  as  a  thing  scarcely  credible :  it  it 

78.  Depulit :  in  Uie  sense  of  avertii.  dore  by  the  greatest  of  the  gods  at  t]?e  re- 

79.  Priseafides^  &c.  There  have  been  quest  of  his  mother.  The  story  is  ahort 
varioos  conjectures  upon  the  sense  of  this  and  elegant.  But  wheu  all  is  said,  tlio 
fMMige.  Servius  takes  prisea  in  the  sense  faulty  image  is  not  covered.  Upon  the 
of  obeolete.  It  was  once  believed,  but  now  whole,  I  am  satisfied  that  Virgil  was  forced 
ie  not ;  yut  the  report  continues,  and  u  like-  to  insert  it  contrary  to  his  judgment ;  or 
^  to  be  immortal.  Tbis  Dr.  Trapp  ap-  that  ho  would  have  erased  it,  had  ne  lived  to 
proves.  Some  take  prisea  fidts  faeto^  sim-  perfect  the  poem.  »4//^ :  spaHa  is  andcrstood» 
ffly  Bon  prtKum  faetwn^  with  tho  addition  of  118.  BertcpUkia :  a  nam^  of  Cybelo«  wIm> 

31 


400  P.  VlRGiUl  MAKONIS 

Vocibus  hid  aflata  Jovem  :  Da,  nate^  petenti, 
Quod  tua  chara  parens  domito  te  poscit  Olympi 
HS.   Fuii    in  ■amin&  Pinea  sylva  mihi  multos  dilecta  per  annoe, 
trce  pinea  flylva  dilecta  Lucus  in  arce  luit  summa,  qu6  aacra  ferebant^ 
mUii  por  multoi  annos,  Njgranti  piced.  trabibusque  obscuruB  acernis. 
'^^T.u  dedi  ha.  ?««  ego  pardaaio  juveni,  cikm  claaBia  egeret, 
mrbnru  ^®^  ^edi :  nunc  solicitam  Umor  anxiua  urget, 

Solve  metus,  atque  hoc  precibua  fline'  posse  pan 
91.   Ui  lUa  navet  ne  Ne  cursu  quaasatae  ullo,  neu  turbine  venti 
rincantar  quaMats  ullo  Vincantur.     Proait  noatria  in  montibua  ortas. 
cursu,  neu  u/to  turbine  pjjj^g  jj^j^  contrk,  torquet  qui  aidera  mundi : 
ir^le^IT   •"  *"  ^*^  O  genilrix,  qu6  faU  vocaa?  aut  quid  petia  iatis! 

Mortalioe  manu  factae  immortale  carins 
Fas  habeant !  certusque  incerta  pericula  luatrel 
i£nea8  ?  cui  tanta  Deo  permissa  poiestas  ? 
98.  Ubidefunct»/>m«  Im6,  ubi  defunct»  finem,  portosque  tenebunt 
nUia  marii  tenebunt        Ausonios  ;  olim  qusecunque  evaserit  undis, 

Dardaniumque  ducem  Laurentia  vexerit  arva ; 
101.    Eripiam    huic  Mortalem  eripiam  formam,  magnique  jubebo 
mortalem  iEquoris  esse  Deas :  qualis  Nereia  Doto 

Et  Galatea  secant  spumantcm  pectore  pontum. 
104.  Annuitquo  id  ra^  Dixerat :   idque  ratum,  Stygii  per  flumina  fratf 
tum  €M$e  pcr  flumma        ^^^  ^^^  torrentes  atrAque  voragine  ripaa, 

trto  nA«  ;»;»*!.  t.,..  Annuit :  et  totum  nutu  tremefecit  Olympam. 
lim.  Cum  iniuna  iur-       ^r»     %     %      ^  •i»         a*t> 

ui     admonuit    matrem      Ergd  aderat  promissa  diea,  et  tempora  Parc 

Ci/kUtn  depeUero  t«daa  Debita  compl^rant ;  cCim  Tumi  injuria  matrea 

NOTES. 

ia  said  to  have  been  the  mother  of  the  gods.  91.  l^lo  eurtu  :  in  any  Toyi 

See  ^n.  vi.  784.  7\irbin€  venii :  a  storm,  or  gale 

84.  Otynipo  domiio.  Jupiter  had  dethroned  94.  f^ocas  :  in  the  senso  of  rc 

his  father  aaium,  and  reduced  all  thn  gods  thc  course — order  of  things.    Isi 

to  his  obedienco.     Thc  mcntion  of  this  cir-  ships.     Kavibus  is  underetood. 

tumitanco   is   emphatical.      For  kings  are  96.  Immortalefu :  an  immor 

most  likely  to  grant  lUvors  on  their  first  ac-  or  righl.    Luttret:  surmount — p 

eesfiion  to  thcir  thronei.    And  bcsidcSf  it  was  Certus :  safo — eecuro  from  harxi 

peculiarly  proper  to  be  mentioned  by  her  ;  tret^  Rusus  says  adibit. 

for  it  was  by  her  mcans  that  he  was  so  ad-  100.  Laurentia  arva  :  It  ly- 

vanced.     He   had   been    prescrved   by  her  Laurentum.     The  prep.  ad  is  u 

from  Saturn  ;  and  for  the  undisturbcd  pos-  102.  Doto — Galatea :   the  na 

session  of  Olympus,  he  was  indebted  to  his  nymphs  of  the  Rca,  the  daugl 

mother.     Jovo   could  not  therefore   refuse  reus  and  Doris.     See  £cl.  iu  4( 

her  prayer.  104.  Annuiique  id  ratum :  h< 

86.  Lueut :  put,  in  apposition  with  pinea  should  be  grantcd — he  bowed  t 
tjflva.  Ferebanl :  in  the  sense  of  offerebant.  sign  thai  it  was  grantcd  to  her 
Saera :  sacrifices.  were  wont  to  swear  by  tho  inf 

87.  Obtcurut :  darkcned — shaded  ;  agrce-  particularly  by  Styx  ;  and  if  1 
ing  with  lucut.  Arce  tumma :  mount  Ida,  perform,  thcy  lost  their  divinit} 
where  Cybele  was  peculiarly  worshipped.  dred  ycars.  See  Gcor.  iii.  551 
This  mountain  was  sacred  to  ner.  Trabibut  105.  Torrentet :  in  the  senw 
ccemu ;  aih-trees.  Trabt :  the  trunk,  put  Cybele  had  requested  of  Joi 
by  synec.  for  the  whole  tree.  ships  of  wT^^ncas  should  nct,  ui 

H8.  Clattit :  gen.  govenied  by  egeret.  cumstanco,  be  overcome  or  dei 

K9.  Urget:  this  is  the  common  reading.  intimates    this    to    be    a  singc 

Davidson  reads  angiU  Could   ships  built  by  niortal   ! 

90.  Solvemeitu:  dismiss  my  fears.     Fear  the  privilege  of  immortality  ^  ^n 

may  be  rsonsidered  aa  a  yoke  in  which  a  that  if^ncas  would   escape  th« 

petBon  i»  bound.   RueuB  says,  expelle.  Potse  his  long  and  perilous  voyagr  ? 

j^/   to  obtain  this  by  intreaties — to  have  mardcd  was  out  of  his  powcr 

««^eio^t  influenof  with  you  to  obtain,  ^c.  conditionallv.     But  if  anv  of 


iENEIS.    LIB.  IX  46/ 

uit  sfi^nB  ratibus  depellere  tmdas. 
iinUin  noTa  lux  oculis  efTulsit,  et  ingens'  1 10 

D  Aurori  cceluni  transcurrere  ninibus, 

3  chori :  tum  vox  horrenda  per  auras  llt.  Iileiqae  ohoh  n 

,  e^  TroQm  Rutulorumque  agmina  complet:  ■»!</•  tain 

>idate  meas,  Teucri,  defendere  naves, 

rmatemanus:  maria  antd  exurere  Tumo         116     ^^^-   D»bitur  TufBo 
sacras  dabitur  mnus:     Vos  ite*  sohitie,  ?"""« """?*  anteqanw 

e  pt^lagi :  genitnx  jub^t.     Et  sua  quieque  jig,  0«niirix  Deonm 

j6  puppes  abrumpunt  vinCula  ripis ;  jubet  id, 

lumque  modo  demersis  8»|uora  rostris 

tunt.     Hinc  virgineae,  mirabile  monstrum !       120     180.  Hinctotidemvif- 
it  se  totidem  facies,  pontoque  feruntur,  gin«*  nam 

nus  aeratas  steterant  ad  litora  prone. 
uere  animis  Rutuli :  conterritus  ipse 
is  Messapus  equis :  cunctatur  et  amnis 
sonans  ;  revocatqae  pedem  Tiberinus  ab  alto. 
on  audaci  ces^it  fiducia  Tumo.  126 

nimois  tollit  dictis,  atqne  increpat  ultrd : 
os  hsc  monstra  petunt :  bis  Jupiter  ipse 
im  solitum  eripuit :  non  tela,  nec  ignes 

ant  Rutulos.     Ergd  maria  invia  Teucris,  150     130.  Ergo  maria  nmt 

es  ulla  fugae  :  rerum  pars  altera  adempta  est :         invia 
lutem  in  manibus  nostris :  tot  millia  gentea  133.  Fatmlia  refponta 

erunt  Ital«.     NU  me  fatalia  terrent,  S^ST"^  "  '"*  Phrygee 

Phryges  prtB  se  Ja6lant,  responsa  Deonim  ^^£t^t  mihi  met 

s  Yenenque  datum,  tetigere  qudd  arva  135  f^  contiA  Ob,  naiqm 

AuaoniaB  Troea.     Sunt  et  mea  contrii  ezecindeio 

NOTES. 

lie  dtngers  of  the  sea,  and  arrive  afUr  they  had  gone  to  the  bottom,  each  ona 

talj,  he  would  grant  to  f uch,  to  be-  came  up  with  a  virgin  face,  and  floated  dowa 

inphs  of  the  tea.    This  he  promisef  the  ■tream  into  the  eea. 
noftt  Boleinn  manner,  and  ratifiei  it        124.7W6alu:  affrighted-alarmed.  Cmui 

iimal  oath.  iaiur:  itopi— delajed. 

Imdas:  m  the  Mnie  of /lamiiuu.  ,,,-    «^^  .  .«  .ji  -,^„  ^i.,    ♦«w^n  •• 

tA^.^^"^  f,       »rw  "^:-.  i:      »u  *        l*o.  Jioued:  an  aaj.  neu.  pin.,  taaen  aa 

S^d^^rii^iuIktwnM^^     -«»-    /ie,^,,e.ei^:reciil.hi.current 

r  made  her  fint  appearance  in  tl^t  ^^^  ^^  ^'•P* 

.  m  favor  of  the  Trojana.    OeuliM :  1*7.  ToUit  amimot:  he  rouMa  the  courage 

tfiM  of  viwu  ^'  °^  ^^  (wtilihtm)  hy  hii  words,  and  m 

Yimbut:  a  bright  cloud,  or  cloud  of  hukee  their  fean. 

10  vehide  of  the  goddev.    Jiurara :  128.  Peluni .  in  the  lenM  of  qteeiani. 

130.  Expeeituii:  naoet  DrefatuB  is  under 

IdtBique  ehori:   her   Idvan   choir.  etood. 

^ere  tne  priests  of  Cybele,  the  Cory>«  131.  AUera  part  rerum:  one  part  of  thc 

Curetet^  or  Datiyli.    Tbey  made  a  world  ie  taken  from  them,  now  their  shiiie 

tbout  the  godden  on  their  brasen  haTe  left  them;  namely,  the  eea:  and  tho 

,  ae  she  passed  through  the  skj.  land  is  in  our  possession.    There  is  no  waj 

'4:  awfiil^inspiring  dread.  for  them  to  escape. 

Eseidii:  in  the  senM  of  emiitiiur.  133.  Arma :  bj  meton.  for  the  men  who 

TVepidate :  in  tbe  mum  oTproperaie»  bear  them.    FeruxU :  bring  to  our  aid.    T&^ 

y^ot  iie  totuioi :  go,  ye,  free,  go,  god-  reni  niU  kc    This  whole  spcach  of  Tumns, 

r  the  sea.  bespeaks  him  the  soldier  and  intrepid  ood« 

^odo :  in  the  MnM  of  more.    De-  mander.    And  to  tum  thoM  verj  prodigiee, 

cank — immerged.    Like  dolphins,  which  encouragod  and  animated  his  eoo» 

i  wlth  theiv  prows  or  beaks  to  the  •  mies,  against  Uiem,  marka  his  undauBtod 

if  tbo  sea.  spirit    He  calis  tliom  FhxjipoaB  by  wa.^  ^ 

ttitfiffff  je,  ftift.    The  meaning  iii:  contempU 


Mlrtim4f  <!r/s*<i<i«r«d  Imt  m  bk  «rifft.    Shc  w  fj 

Uk^»  'yrm^tfU^f  frook  LiJ&,  sad  tnmfimd  i^ 

t//  .f.f  teuk.  valk  vkkk  wve  b«::i  :j  t^  1 

t/'/    L'/»*T*^.  M^^ii:  Dor  is  it  Uvfal  taiw.  Pcrm  ^ur-xBrw  jctt :  a 

r,f  O,"*^-   '..•,.'•;  V>  Uk*  '-p  «nm.     Il  is  or  f«eble  p«rLt:oc  "r«ec-r*e- 12« 

Uwf^,  f'*'  ■*•  •'/'*.  .f.  A  t.iuAx:  ^jMjat.     It  is  .Vf^ii:  irlerTccir:^ — z*'*vt^:i  1 

^;*.r,  •fi*.!  '..•.*:  f.':y*t*«>r<  1«  t/.»  :>*  coatakue<i.  in  144.    Wl :  liLs  1» 

i.itj*  ;»^t  fri»;.'.'.  »*:r  of  ti««  •«r.*.^f*'«.  and  Vilpj.     Ti:.*  co— 3« 

I4(i.  S'.d  ji^nxtt*:  i^nuLU/:.  Thii"  ii  a  diffi-  147.    Trfpvijxniia    cc^trc  :    Xi 

"j;t  j/*.«»*/«t ;  4r.'l  it  14  «o  Tt-.tidtntd  hj  itj  terror  and  oci^teruuoci.  z.-zw 

»-(tUt'i%tzi,i  *.%.    To  r/i«k«;  the  iwnii^,  tomething  ij  ab«<Bt. 

friii«t  b«;  •fiftffiitui.     TUhth  \»  a  note  in  tbe  143.  S^on  armu  opziM  ts! :  ei 

f^anomm  f.*iiUou  upori  thiii  pl*ce,  in  theae  needed  not  arms  nsade  bj  Val 

word»;   f^*^rum  dw^.rU  Trt$jant  te  iuitst  jam  Achilles  had;  or  that  he  voald 

IhUntr,  rtiplum.     Ufrptmdfil :  dtnitteni  erfro  owm  aword,  which  was  also  th 

pnrttrr. ;    tl^tliriMtrnt   t/ditte  poliut  /atminat  ahip  of  the  god  of  fire.     See  J 
omnrt^  ffiitim  t  ^l  un/im  raptrt :  quod  quia  in         151.  PaHadii,  k.c,     Here  isi 

Ijattnia   fnriant^  itr.rnm  pereanl.     Ex  quo  the  exploit  of  Dioroede  and  1 

eoliiffitur^  fjwtien  perearertnt^  totiet  eot  ptrire  privalelj  entered  ihc  temple  ol 

de/ferr,     f^pori  tlie  wordit  peniiia  modo  rum,  Troj,  and  stole  the  Palladium, 

\}r,  Trapp  ofmerveti,  the  penitut  should  be  the   guards.     Hence,   inertia 

corin«;frt<:d  with  perotot :  and  the  modo  non^  cowardlj    and    onmanlj    cond 

he  takefi  in  tho  nnnne  of  propemodum.,  and  d&daina. 

ioinn  thcrn  with  omn« /g^«nui,  «c.    That  thej         153.  Lueepaiam:  I  am  reM 

•Iiould  iilt(;rlj-hatf)  alrnoMt  the  whole  female  round,  &c.     Tumus  promises 

•ex.     Thcj  rould  not  hato  all  women;  thcir  fair  plaj,  that  he  will  not  har) 

tnfithnrN,  Hiiit«rrfi,  and  rcIationR,  must  be  ex-  those  strat&gems  and  arts,  whid 

ceptfsd.     KuiBUfl  rnaken  thc  Brst  clausc  an  emplojed  when  before  Troj.    1 

interrfigation  :   which  in  incorrect.     It  is  a  a  manlj  and  dignified  spirit;  «x 

«uppf>«ed  objfiction,  to  which  peecare  fuittet^  coming  the  hero.     Luce  paiaa 

fco.  !■  tlin  nnflwcr.  in  the  daj. 

149.  (^uibut  /laejidueia:  to  whom  this         154.  Faxo :  I  will  do  or  caui 
donfldonco  of  an  inttrvoning  rampart,  &c.         157.  Rebus  beni  gettiM.     Tht 

§!?•  oourago.     The  mo&ning  of  the  passago  tobe  taken  absolutelj.     Thingi 

■I  thia  1  lot  them  not  presumo  on  their  forti-  ablj  begun.    This  is  the 


iENEIS.    LIB.  IX. 


469 


Procurate,  ▼iri ;  et  pugnam  sperate  parati. 

Intore^  vigilum  excubiis  obsidere  portas, 
Cura  datur  Messapo,  et  mcenia  cingere  flammiB.         160 
Bis  septem  Rutuli,  muros  qui  milite  servent, 
Delecti :  ast  illos  centeni  quemque  sequuntu  , 
Purpurei  cristis  juvenes,  auroque  corusci. 
Discurrunt,  vanantque  vices,  fusique  per  herbam 
fndulgent  vino,  et  vertunt  crateras  ahenoe.  165 

Collucent  ignes :  noctem  custodia  ducit 
Insomnem  ludo. 

Hflec  supdr  d  vallo  prospectant  Tro^,  et  armis 
Alta  tencnt ;  nec  non  trepidi  formidine  portaa 
Explorant,  pontesque  et  propugnacula  jungunt :         170 
Tela  gerunt.     Instant  Mnestheus  acerque  Serestus : 
Quos  pater  iEneas,  si  quando  adversa  vocarent, 
Rectores  juvenum,  et  rerum  dedit  esse  magistros. 
Omnis  per  muros  legio  sortita  pertclum 
Excubat,  exercotque  vices,  quod  cuique  tuendum  est. 

Nisus  etat  portas  custos,  acerrimus  armis,  176 

Hyrtacides ;  comitem  iEneae  quem  miserat  Ida 
Venatrix,  jaculo  celerem  levibusque  sagittis : 
Et  juxt^  comes  Euryalus,  quo  pulchrior  alter 
Non  fuit  iEnead(km,  Trojana  nec  induit  arma  ;  180 

Ora  puer  prim&  signans  intonsa  juventi. 
His  amor  unus  erat,  pariterque  in  bella  ruebant : 
Tunc  quoque  communi  portam  statione  tenebant. 
Niaua  ait :  Dt-ne  hunc  ardorem  mentibus  addunt, 

NOTE8. 


158.  Ovizi, 
oarmtaoorpom 


pro- 


16f.  Ast  cMiteDi  jv  ve- 
neg  ourpurei  criatis 


172.  QuoflpateriEiieat 
dedit  este  rectoree  jare- 
nmn,  et  magistroi  roram 

175.  Exercetque  vicee 
quoad  id<,  quod  ott  cui- 
que  tuenciam. 


179.  Et    juxU 
ooroei  Eury^os,  qoo 


llaTidwn  and  Ruau  .  Or  the  me&ning  maj 
be :  prepare  yourtelvei  for  noble  ezploits,  on 
Ihe  morrow. 

158.  Proeurate:  refresh — invigorate.  5/?e- 
raie:  in  the  lenee  of  expeeiate, 

159.  ExcMuvigilwn:  simply,  with  len- 
iinoU  or  ^ards.  ^  Olmdere :  to  beeiogc  the 
gmtee  of  the  Trojan  camp — to  block  up,  &c. 

160.  Cingere  mania :  to  enconipaM  their 
walle  with  firce  to  give  them  light  in  the 
oif  ht,  lest  the  enemy  ithould  sally  out  upon 
them  unobierved ;  or  in  despair,  leave  tlieir 
eitj. 

162.  SequunturiUotquemfpie:  foUowthom 
erery  one.  ^uisque  is  a  distributivo  pronoun. 
DeieeU :  fourteen  Rutulians  were  chosen  to 
snperinCend  the  watch,  and  lee  that  due  at- 
tention  waa  paid,  and  each  one  porformod 
hie  dutj.  Miliie :  with  ■oldiers ;  tho  ■ame 
ae  militibut,  The  guard  amounted  then  to 
fburteen  hundred  men. 

164.  Variant  vieet :  thej  shifV,  or  change 
Cheir  tours  of  dutj.  Thej  ttand  guard  bj 
tnrni. 

169.  AHa:  the  hi^h  places  of  the  walls. 
Voea  or  ipatin  is  unaentooa. 

170.  Jungunt^  &c.  -  The  same  Mjungunt 

augnaeuia    cum   pontilnu      Thev    laid 
/et  from  one  bulwark  or  towor  19  ano« 
ter  for  the  purpos»  of  ready  and  «aaj  oom- 


munication.    They  connected  their  towen 
or  ramparts  together  by  mean<  of  bridges. 

172.  Adverta :  in  the  tenBO  of  ref  advertm» 
Voearent :  Bhould  require— demand. 

173.  Dedit:  appointed. 

175.  Exereet  vieet:  (hey  perform  their 
watch  in  tums.  Exereet :  in  the  sense  of 
variat,  TSiendum :  to  be  attended  to— pei- 
formed—done. 

176.  AtnM  erat^  &c.  Here  the  poet  be* 
ginn  his  ceiehrated  episode  of  the  friendship 
of  Nisus  and  Euryalus.  He  had  in  the  fourth 
book  considered  the  force  of  love.  Here 
he  gives  us  a  spccimen  of  his  skill  in  the 
power  of  friendship ;  and  never  wae  anj 
thing  more  artfully  disposed,  more  noble, 
more  moving,  and  pathetic,  than  tfais  piece. 
It  is  introduced  without  any  formal  mtro* 
duction.  He  was  speaking  of  the  several 
posts  that  were  to  be  defended ;  and  among 
the  rest,  was  one  committed  to  the  care  ol 
theso  two  friends. 

177.  Ida:  either  the  mother  of  Nisos.' 
or  mount  Ida,  which  is  sometimes  called 
venatrixs  because  it  abounded  in  game,  and 
wae  frequented  by  hunters.  Hyrtaeidu  :  a 
noun  patronymic,  from  Hyrtacns,  the  fkthai 
of  Nisus. 

181.  fntonsa  ora :   his  beardJees 
nnshaven  faee. 

182.  BeUa  .*  in  the  ■ense  of  pygnam. 


,t70  P.  VIKGILU  MLAAQNIS 

IttS.  An  soa  dira  ca-  Euryale  ?  an  8ua  cuique  Deus  fit  dira  cupido  T 
i^  fit  Deas  coiqaa?     ^^t  pugnam,  aut  aliquid  jamdudum  invadere  ma 

Mens  agitat  mihi ;  nec  placidA  contenta  quiete  e 
Cernis,  qua)  Rutulos  habeat  £ducia  rerum  : 
Lumina  rara  micant :  somno  yinoque  aoluti 
ProcubuSre  :  silent  lat^  loca.    Percipe  pon^ 
Quid  dubitem,  et  que  nunc  animo  aeqtentia  auig 
iEneam  acciri  omnes,  populu^qu^,  patxesque, 
Exposcunt ;  mittiqiie  viros,  qui  certa  reportent. 
Si  tibi,  qu8B  posco,  promittunt  x  n&m  mihi  ftcti 
Fama  satestf  tumulo  videor  .^parire  sub  iUo 
i96.  Videortfii^tpossa  Posse  viam  ad  muroB  et  mcqnia  Paliantea. 
reperire  viam  sub  illo      Obstupuit  magno  laudum  perculffifl  amore 
tamulo  ad  Euryalus,  simul  his  ardentem  afiatur  amicum  : 

199.  I^ise,  fuglrud  ad-  Me-ne  igitur  socium  suipmis  adjungere  rebus, 
Jangere  me  socium  Hbi  Nise,  fugis  ?  solum  te  in  tanta  pericula  mittam  t 
in  eummiji  rebus  ?     ^     j^t^j^  -^^  ^^  genitor,  bellis  assuetus  Opheltefl 

OphSL  ai^^etu.Tub  Argplicum  terrorem  inter  Trojieque  kiborea 
non  sic  erudiit  me  lub-  Sublatum  erudiit:  nec  tecum  talia  gessi, 
latum  Magnanimum  ^nean  et  fiita  extrema  secutus. 

205.  Hk  est,  hU:  est  Est  hic,  est  animus,  lucis  contemptor ;  et  istuin 
animus,  «^«ntemptor  lu-  Qui  vit4  bend  credat  emi,  qud  tendis,  honorem. 
cif,  et  qul  crcdat  istum  j^Tjg^g  ^j  y^^ ,  Equidem  de  te  nU  tale  verebar ; 

STTZ'  vi?&"L«  Nec  fas :  non.     Ita  me  referat  tibi  magnua  ovaj 

bene  emi  vita  tpta,  .  .  i»    »  •  «^ 

S09.  Quicunque  Dmt  Jupiter,  aut  qmcunque  oculis  nsc  ai^icit  equis 
asnicit  Sed  si  quis  (quae  multa  vides  discrimine  tali) 

Si  quis  m  adversum  rapiat  casusve  Deusve, 
Te  superesse  velim  :  tua  viti  dignior  aetaa. 

NOTES. 

185.  Dira:  great,  vehement,  or  ardent.  203.  SublahtnL     This  alludet 

Ruieus  says,  ardem.  man  custom  of  laying  down  the  < 

187.  Agitat :   urges — impele.     Mihi  :    in  upon  the  ground  as  soon  as  bor 

the  sense  of  mea^  father  might  lake  it  up^  in  token 

189.  Rara:    hcre  and  there — few.     Jkft-  ing  it  for  his  own  child.    Heyne 
eanl:  in  the  sense  of  splendent,  etedueatum.    Jiecgeui :  norhav 

190.  Percipe  quid  dubitem:  hear  what  I  ed  such  actions  in  your  compan 
am  meditating,  and  what,  &c.  This  first  shouid  now  refuee  me  as  your 
speeohisnobleanddisinterested.  Nisuscom-  and  partner  in  your  hazardous 
municatcs  his  purposes  to  his  friend ;  who  nor  have  I  acted  so  cowardly,  Si 
»  stnick  with  Ihe  proposal,  and  takcs  it  ill,  205.  Ett  Me^  &c.  Theee  tw 
thathe  should  think  of  excluding  him  from  extremely  fine.  Nisus  replies  1 
a  share  of  the  danger  and  glory  of  the  en-  gpeech  extremely  patheUc.  He 
terpnse.     Dubiiem :  in  the  sense  ofmediter.  company  of  Euryalus,  chiefly  « 

193.  Ctrta:  the  truth— true  things.  ihe  dangers  of  the  undertaking 

195.  Fama :  the  glory  of  the  deed,  &c.  ^^  inexperience ;  and  his  being  i 

196.  Mania  PaUantea :  Ihe  city  of  Evan-  of  a  long  life.  The  whole  is  gr« 
^®'«  ened  by  the  mention  of  his  aj 

197.  Laudum :  in  the  sense  of  gloritB,  jjie  «/,  ett  animut :  hcpe  is,  hep 

199.  Rebut:  enterprises— undcrtakmgs.      despiser  of  life ;  and  which,  &c 

200.  Fugit:  rcfuse— reject.  the  sense  of  vita. 

502.  InierlabotetTrqjce.    This  intimates        «^    ^   >  , ,.  .  «i^ui.^.^    . 

»i.*u  1.4  4  r  206.  Quo  tendu :  wbitner — « 

tbat  he  was  about  sevcnteen  years  of  age.  ^    . 

Tw  ^neas'  wanderings  had  continued  seven  *"P*'^®'  °' '""'  *^ 

yeart,  and  the  Trojan  war  ten  years.     This  210.  Tali  ducnmine:  in  tuc 

Inade  him  just  the  age  when  youth  among  <>""  enterprise,  as  he  had  in  con' 

the  Romans  began  to  bear  arms.     It  also  211.  Advertum:  a  sub.  in  ti 

agrees  with  what  is  said  verse  181,  suprat  of  periculum,  Rapiat  mt:  hurry  dm 

ti»  juflt  beginning  to  have  a  beardl  &c 


MSEJS.    LIB.  IX  471 

Bit,  qui  me  raptum  pugnA,  predoTe  redemptuin,  S13.  SH  §H^ui»^  qui 

Maiidet  humo  soliti ;  aut,  si  qua  id  fortUBa  vetabii,  mwidet  mt  wlit4  bmA 

Abseoti  (erat  inferias,  decoretque  aepulchro.  216 

Neu  matri  miflere  tanti  aim  causa  doioris : 
'  iium  te  sola,  puervmultia  ^  matribus  ausa, 
Persequitur ;  magni  nec  mcenia  curat  Acest». 

flle  autem :  Causae  nequicquam  nectia  inanes ;  il9.  Autemille  £iirv- 

Nec  roea  jam  mutata  ioco  sentenlia  cedit.  220  ohu  renoMUi, 

Acccleremus,  ait.     Vigiles  simul  excitat :  iili 
Siiccedunt,  servantque  vices :  statione  relicti, 
Ipse  comcs  Niso  graditur,  regemque  requirunt. 

Ceetera  per  terras  omnes  animalia  somno 
L.axabant  curas,  et  corda  oblita  laborum.  226 

Ductorcs  Teucnim  primi,  et  delecta  juventus, 
Consilium  summis  regni  de  rebus  habebant : 
Quid  facerent,  quisve  Mnem  jam  nuntius  esaet. 
Stant  longis  adnixi  hastis,  et  scuta  tenentes, 
Castroruni  et  ctfmpi  inedio.     Tum  Nisus,  et  un^        290 
Euryalus,  confestim  alacres  admittier  orant : 

Rem  magnam,  pretiumque  mors  fore.     Primus  ICUus  *^  iMema  ttm  um 

Accepit  trepidos,  ac  Nisum  dicere  jussit.  magnam 

Tunc  sic  Hyrtacides :  Audite,  6,  mentibus  SBquis, 
^neadae  ;  neve  hsec  noetris  spectentur  ab  annia,        236 
Quae  ferimus.     Rutuli  aomno  vinoque  eepulti 
<^onticuere  :  locum  insidiis  conspeximus  ipsi, 
Qui  patet  in  bivio  port«,  quae  proxima  ponto. 
fnterrupti  ignes,  aterque  ad  sidera  fiimufl 
Erigitur.     Si  fortuii&  permittitie  uti,  240 

*  190TE8. 

213.  Sii  qui  mandei :  may  there  be  some  224.  CeUera  animaUa^  fte.    Thia  le  verj 

one   who  will  commit  me  to  the  Bolitary  ezpressive,  and  greatlv  heightene  the  image. 

earth,  iDatched  from  the  field  of  battle,  or  At  this  time,  when  all  nature  was  silent,  and 

redeemed  with  money,  &c.  enjoying  repose,  the  Trojan  chiefB  were  as- 

215.  Ferai :  or  may  perform  the  Aueral  tembled  in  couneil  upon  the  ilate  of  their 

ffitoe  to  me  abeent,  and  honor  me  wtth  an  afiaire.    At  thie  moment,  they  are  turpriaed 

•npty  tomb.    It  was  usual  among  the  Ro-  by  Niaut  and  Euxyalus,  who  demand  to  be 

nana,  whea  the  corpie  could  not  be  obtain-  admitted. 

«d,  to  perform  the  Mame  funeral  ritee,  ae  if  it  227.  Regni :  govemment — ■tate. 

«rore  preaent.    The  tomb  was  said  to  be  231.  ^dmiiiier:  by  paragoge,  for  oifiiiif/t. 

ewpty,  be^ause  the  corpse  wae  not  there.  233.  Preiiummorm,    He  observei  that  the 

Of  euch  a  burial,  Nisus  here  epeaJoi.  ■ubject  he  wiahed  to  propose,  wat  of  great 

217.  Jiuta:  having  cottrage----daring.  Ru-  importanoe,  aad  would  tuiSiciently  compen- 
fMia  eays,  audax.  eate  for  the  intemiption  of  thelr  delibera- 

218.  jiiiBnia  Acetltt,    This  wae  the  oity  tkms. 

which  £neas  founded  in  Sicily,  and  called  235.  Sj^ieniur:  in  the  senseof  iE«ftm«n- 

after  the  name  of  his  friond  Acestes.     Here  iur,    Feri$nut :  in  the  sense  of  proponimut. 

ho  lefl  the  aged  and  infirm,  and  all  who  237.  huidiit  loeum :  we  have  observed  a 

were  not  willing  to  accompany  him  into  place  for  our  purpose— one  fit  for  the  eie* 

Italy.    The  mother  of  Euryalus  was  among  eution  of  our  design.    Nos  ipti :  we  our 

ihose  who  braved  the  dangers  of  the  voyage,  selves. 

and  accompaai«%d  hiro,  the  poot  intimates,  238.  /n  bivio  poria :  in  the  forked  ways 

for  the  sako  of  her  son.  of  the  gate— where  the  way  before  the  gate 

218.  Cautat :  pretezts-— ezcuses.  divides  into  two  paths. 

221.  E^eiteU  vigilet :  at  the  same  time,  he  239.  Ignet  tnierrtqfH :  the  fires  are  dying 

wnkm  tke  watch---thos6  who  were  to  keep  away ;  or,  only  here  and  there  one  is  buni- 

vrnteh  in  tom.  ing,  the  rest  having  gone  out 

tt3>  Rtgem :  Ascanius  here  is  intended,  240.  UHft^.jiA :  to  embraeo  this  oppei^ 

f0  being  a  prmee  and  heir  to  the  orown.  tonitv* 


i72  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

fi41.  Sipermittitisnof  QuaBsitum  iEnean  ad  moenia  Pallantea, 
ftH  hde  fortuna,  vm  cer-  jyj^x  hic  cum  spoliis,  ingenti  coede  peracti, 
oeUi JEnean  quwiitum  j^^^^  cernetis.     Nec  nos  via  Mit  euntes : 
a  fwoit  ad  moenia  ral-  _.. ,.  i  •        •  •        n-i.  • 

iantoa,  moz  affore  hlc     V idimus  obscuns  pnmam  sub  vallibus  urbem 

Venatu  assiduo,  et  totum  cognovimus  amnem. 

Hic  annis  gravis,  atque  animi  matunis  Aletha 
Di  patrii,  quonim  semper  sub  numine  Troja  est, 
Non  tamen  omnino  Teucros  delere  paratis, 
Ciim  tales  animos  juvenum,  et  tam  certa  tulistis 
Pectora.     Sic  memorans,  humeros  dextrasque  t 
Amborum,  et  vultum  kchrymis  atque  ora  ngaba 
tSJ.  Qu«,  que  digna  Quae  vobis,  quBB  digna,  viri,  pro  fiilibus  ausb 
pr«mia  rcar  posse  solvi  Prgemia  posse  rear  solvi  ?  pulcherrima  primiim 
▼OD18, 0  vm,  pro  rk*  ju**-*  *  jj^ 

'^  Di,  moresque  dabunt  vestn  :  tum  caetera  reddet 

Actutiim  pius  JSneas,  atque  integer  SBvi 

256.  Non  unquam/u-  Ascanius,  meriti  tanti  non  immemor  unquam. 
iurui    immeioor     tanu      1^^^,^^  ^^  ^^,^  ^^,^3  genitore  reductc 
meriti                                                   o           >  o 

257.  Aroanius,  cui  bo-  Excipit  Ascanius,  per  magnos,  Nise,  Penates, 
la  salus  e*t  in  genitore  Assaracique  Larem,  et  cansB  penetralia  Vestse, 
reducto,  excipit;  imm^  Obtestor ;  qusecunque  mihi  fortuna  fidesque  est, 
ego  obtestor  vos,  O  Nise  j^  vestris  pono  gremiis ;  revocate  parentem, 

262.  Nihil  erit  triste  Reddite  conspectum  :  nihil  illo  triste  recepto. 
nobis  illo  reccpto.  gj^^^  ^^^^  argento  perfecta,  atque  aspera  signis 

Pocula,  devicti  genitor  qu»  cepit  Arisbll ; 

Et  tri|)odas  geminos,  auri  duo  magna  talenta ; 

Cratera  antiquum,  quem  dat  Sidonia  Dido. 

Si  verd  capere  Italiam,  sceptrisque  potiri, 
268.  Si  vero  contige-  Contigerit  viclori,  et  pnedsB  ducere  sortem 
rit  mihi  victori  Vidisti  quo  Turnus  equo,  quibus  ibat  in  armis, 

Aureus  ?  ipsum  illum  clypeum  cristasque  ruben 

Excipiam  sorti :  jam  nunc  tua  prsemia,  Nise. 

NOTES. 

t^^i,  PercLctiL :  made — done.  258.  ExeipU :  in  the  sense  of 

244.   Primarx  urbem :    the   front  of  the  259.  Larem  Auaraei.    This  wi 

housos,  or  the  skirts  ofthe  city  Pallanteum.  lar  deity  or  guardian  god  of  As« 

Perhaps,  siniply,  Uie  suburbs  of  the  city.  his  family.     yesta  was  the  godde 

246.  Animi:  understanding — judgment.  sided  over  the  ineztinguishable 

247.  J^umine :  in  the  sense  of  potettate.  was  called  canuy  hoary,  or  age 

248.  J^on  tamen^  &c.     The  word  tamen  she  was  the  most  ancient  of  all  t) 
shows  that  there  is  an  ellipsis  here  of  lieet  es,  and  deemed  the  mother  of  all 
ad  tempu»  irasramini^  or  of  some  others  of  263.  Signis :  figures — carved 
the  like  iinpoitance  wcre  angry  with  us  for  264.    ArisbA  devictd.     Most  ; 
a  tJino.  yol  ya  determine  not  to  destroy,  &c.  undorstand  by  this  that  Arisba  wi 

249.  7\(/u/u;  yehave  produced  orgrant-  the  Trojans.  But  Catrou  thinki 
ed.     Pectora:  courage — re^olution.  of  those  cities  taken  by  the  Gi 

252.  Talibiu  auris :  for  such  an  enter-  first  nine  years  of  tho  war ;  ani 
prise,  or  bold  undertaking.  Heyne  reads,  cups  wcre  saved  by  iEneas  from 
ittis  laudibiu ;  and  Valpy  afler  him.  The  of  the  Greeks,  when  thev  plu 
eommon  rcading  is  talibus  autis.  town.     Pliny  infonns  us  t}iat  A 

253.  Pulcherrima :  in  the  sense  of  optima.  city  of  Troas,  and  part  of  the  ! 

254.  Mores  vestri:  yourvirtues.    Catera:  Priam. 

puBmia  is  understood.  267.  Sceptris :  in  the  sense  of 

255.  Integer  cevi.     Dr.  Trapp  thinks  this     regnOy  by  meton. 

refen  to  the  future  nianhood  of  Ascanius.  268.  Ducere  sortem:  to  draw 

This,  too,  is  the  opinion  of  the  Variorum  booty — to  divide  the  booty  by  lc 

edition.     Otherstako  it  for  the  present  state  271.  Exciputni :  I  wi\l  exem| 

ofbiM  youth — ^maturo  in  age.  \o\.  ->\.  "^e^iV  t«^cv«i« 


iENEIS.    UB.  LX.  47« 

•18  sex  genitor  lectissima  matrum 
aptivosque  dabit,  suaque  omnibus  anna : 

I.  campi  quod  rex  habet  ipse  Latinus.  S74.  Jnraper  hia,  git~ 

lea  quem  spatiis  propioribus  ictas  275  ^^^*>^    ^^^^    «'   oamia 

venerande  puer,  jam  pectore  toto  ^"^!?    v  iA 

comitem  casus  complector  in  omnes.  veneLdo  pu^^*^  ^ 

sme  te  quieretur  gloria  rebus  : 
^  seu  bella  geram,  tibi  maxima  rerum 
pie  fides.    -Contra  quem  talia  fatur  280 

Mc  nulla  dies  tam  fortibus  ausis 
arguerit ;  tantum  fortuna  sccunda, 
rsa  cadat.     Sed  te  super  omnia  dona 
:  genitrix  Priami  de  gente  vetustlL 

[uam  miseram  tcnuit  non  Ilia  tellus  285     285.  Quam    minemii 

[scdentcm.  non  moenia  reris  Acests.  excedcntem  mecum  noo 

nunc  ignaram  hujus  quodcunque  pertcli  est,  * 

atam  hnquo :  nox,  et  tua  testis  288.  Noz,  et  tua  dtx- 

udd  nequeam  luchrymas  perferrc  parentis.         ^^  '^  teetia,  ^aod 
solare  inopem,  et  succurre  relictee.  290 

me  spem  ferre  tui :  audentior  ibo 
nnes.     PercussA  mente  dederunt 
lachrymas  ;  ante  omnes  pulcher  IQlus ; 
lum  palriee  striiuut  pietatis  imago. 
[atur :  295 

gna  tuis  ingentibus  omnia  ccBptis. 
it  ista  mihi  genitrix,  nomenque  GreQflaB 
ent :  nec  partum  gratia  talem 

NOTES. 

rex  Uetitiima  eorpora :   twelve        283.  Stiper :  above-^raore  than. 
matrons,  and  as  many  captives        284.  Oeniirix,  ilc    The  meaning  1«,  that 

Sua :  in  the  aense  ofpropria :  neither  the  land  of  Troy,  nor  the  city  ol 

I  taken  afler  arma.     The  anna  Acettes,  could  prevent  or  induce  hia  motber 

hat  belonged  to)  them  all.  Cor'  from   foUowing    the    fortunes  of  her   100 

:  simply,  matrons — wonicn.  through  all  dangera.    Thia  reply  ot  Fuir* 

9er  his :  in  addition  to  these —  alus  is  very  patiietic.     It  speaks  a  dutinil 

Some  copies  have  intupery  id  and  affectionate  son. 
bc     The  sense  will  be  the  same        286.  Exeedeniem :  from  going  with  mo— 

We  are  not  to  understand  th»  from  accompanying  me  in  all  our  dangers. 

Latinus ;  but  his  own  private        288.  Inque  salutatam :  this  is  for  tiua/u- 

ssessions.  tatamque^  by  tmesis:  not  bidden  farewell. 

ioribut  tpatiit.     By  this  we  are  Jfox  et  iua  dextera^  &c.     This  pictur^  of 

id  that  Ascanius  and  Euryalus  filial  piety  is  admirablj  drawn. 

of  the  same  age.     Davidson        290.  Relietot:  bereaved— disconsolate. 
rords :  *^  in  the  nearer  stages  of       292.  Dederuni :  in  the  senso  of  ^ude- 

runt,    Peretutd,     This  ia  the  reading  of 

ra ;  in  the  sense  of  ad.  Heyne.     Some  copics  have  pereulsa^  from 

trii :  shall  show  me  unequal  to.  the  verb  pereeilo.     The  sense  ia  the  sam^ 

,  ottendei  degenerem.     Tanlitm  with  either. 

nda :  only  let  fortune  fall  pros-         294.  Imago  patrite  nietatit^  Scc.   Tlio  Tro- 

not  adverse.     This  is  the  read-  jans  were  moveo  at  this  imagrc,  or  pattem  of 

sius,  Runus,  and  Davidson. —  piety  toward  a  parent;  but  in  an  cspeciai 

,  tantum :  fortuna^  teeunda  aut  manner  it  touched  the  heart  of  young  Asca* 

(/,  which  scarcely  makes  senfie.  nius ;  who  consoles  the  anxious  youth,  ns* 

r,  too,  tends  to  obscure  it.     VaU  suring  him  that  his  mother  should  nol  wanl 

ws  Heyne,  sensible  of  the  diffi-  a  friend  while  he  had  iife — that  \w  wouid 

ng  this  reading,  conjectures  the  immediately  take   her  for  his  niotlivr,  and 

«fl  by  the  poet  iu  an  unfinished  load  hcr  with  honors. 

299.  Maneii   awai\a--\a  ^xvi^    Taitwna 


494  P.  ^VniGlLn  BfARONiS 

Panra  inanet.     Cnus  fiictoin  qoic  jnqae  aeqi» 

Per  caput  hoc  juro,  per  quod  pater  antd  solel 

Quae  tibi  poUiceor  reduci,  rebusque  secundiSf 

Hec  eadem  matrique  tuc  generique  manebur 

tiic  ait  illachrymans :  humero  simul  exuit  ens 

Auratum,  mirtL  quem  fecerat  arte  Lycaon 

Gnossius,  atque  habilem  vagidA  apttait  ebum 

Dat  Niao  Mnestheus  pellem  faorrentisque  leoi 

Exuvias :  galeam  fidua  permutat  Aletfaes. 

JK,  QOO0  euntes  om-  Protiniks  armati  incedunt ;  quos  omnis  euntes 

mb    manus    primonim,Priinorum  manus  ad  portas  juvenumque  aenu 

Javenumque   >ciiumque  Prosequitur  votis :  necnon  et  pulcher  Ifllua, 
Braeeuttitur  a  • 

^  Ante  annos  animumque  gerens  curamque  vin 

Multa  patri  portanda  dabat  mandata  :  sed  au 

Omnia  discerpunt,  et  nubibus  irrita  donant 

Egressi  superant  fossas,  noctisque  per  uml 

Castra  inimica  petunt ;  multis  tamen  ant^  (ut 

Exitio.     Passim  vino  somnoque  per  herbam 

Corpora  fusa  vident ;  arrectos  litore  cunrus ; 

Inter  lora  rotasque  viros,  simul  arma,  jacere^ 

Vina  simul.     Prior  Hyrtaoides  sic  ore  locutu 

Euryale,  audcndum  dextr& ;  nunc  ipsa  vocat 

390.  Aliquid  auden-  H&c  iter  est :  tu,  ne  qua  manus  se  attollere  i 

dom  eil  dextri  A  tergo  possit^  custodi,  et  consule  longd. 

Hsc  ego  vasta  dabo,  et  lato  te  limite  ducam. 
323.  Ego  dabo  hsBc  Sic  memorat^  vocemque  premit :  simul  ense 

laea  vaeta,  et  Rhamnetem  aggreditur ;  qui,  fortd  tapetibus 

Extructus,  toto  proflabat  pectore  somnum ; 
Rex  idem,  et  regi  Tumo  gratissimus  augur ; 
Sed  non  aiigurio  potuit  depellere  pestem. 
3W.  Juxta  eum  pre-  «pres  juxta  famulos  temere  inter  tela  jacente 

mit  tres  famuloe  jacen-  Armigerumque  Remi  premit,  auriganique  su 

Nactus  equis  ;  ferro<|ue  secat  pendentia  colh 

NOTES. 

the  bringing  forth  such  a  son — bearing  such  311.  Antt  annos:  above  hii 

a  son.     Rueus  says :  nec  levis  favor  dtbetur  tban  could  be  ezpoctcd  conaii 
ipti.t  qriod  ptperit  taUm  Jilium,                         ^      313.  Sed  aura:   but  the  1 

300.  Juro  per  hoe  eaput^  Sic,  The  head  them  all,  and  give  them  una 
waii  considcrcd  by  tlie  ancients  as  somo-  clouds.  This  is  a  beautiful  n 
thing  sacred,  and  they  wore  wont  to  swear  this  the  poct  intimates  ihcy  n 
by  it.  Ascanius,  therefore,  swears  bj  his  fore  thcy  reached  ^neas,  and 
head :  which  ^neas  had  done  on  several  ly.  Discerpunt:  in  the  eense 
occaaions  before.  315.  Ante :  not  before  the 

301.  Rebusque  teeundis :  and  the  enter-  camp  of  the  encmy,  but  bet 
prtse  being  successful;  namely,  his  joumey  slain  themselvcfl.  Futuri :  io 
to  ^neas.  s&uction  to  many,  before  tiiej 

302.  Generi:  Ruaeus  says, /amtViff.  317.  Currus  arreetos :  their 

303.  lUachrymans :  weeping  abundantly.  ed  up,  as  when  laid  aside  froi 
Of  ffi,  intensivum,  and  laehrymans,  poles  or  tongues  were  standio 

904.  Lyeaon.     He  was  a  &mou8  artificer        318.  Vina :  wine ;  by  metc 
of  GfiMiia,  a  city  of  Crete,where  arms  were  sels  containing  it. 
eiiriouBly  made.    Arte :  art — skill.  322.  Tu  eustodi^  et :  watch 

905.  Apt&rat  habilem  :  had  fitted  it  exact  serve  at  a  distance,  that  no  ha 
«i^ith,  tcc.  vasta  :   arva  vel  loea  is  unde 

'Su6,  Horrentis :  rough — shaggy.  fields  laid  waste. 

909.  Primorum:  gen.  of  primoret:  no-  328.  Pestem:  in  the  senae  c 
iffav— cikief  men«  330.  Premit :  he  kills  thrM 


^m&.  LIB.1X.  m 

piit  ipfli  au(9il  ilop^lno,  truncuioque  rdinqiiit 
te  singultanteoi :  atro  tepeiacta  cruore 

^rique  madent     Nec  non  Lamyrumque  Lamum-  ,  834.  Noc  non  ocfUU 
j  Lamjfniuiqiio 

nein  Serraiium ;  ilift  qui  plurima  nocte  335 

,  insignis  facie,  multoque  jacebat  ^^^lIi'^^^^  ^^ 

i  Deo  victus  :  felix,  si  protinus  illum  qttoad  mombTa 

et  nocti  ludum,  in  luceinque  tulisset. 
s  ceu  plena  leo  per  ovilia  turbans, 
3nim  vesana  fiunes,  manditque  trahitque  340 

ecu3,  mutumque  metu  :  fremit  pre  cruento. 
lor  Euryali  csdes :  incensus  et  ipse 

;  ac  multam  in  medio  sine  nomine  plebem,  343.  Ac  fubit  multam 

lue  Hebesumque  subit,  RhoBtumque  Abarimque    SJ^f^  p'^*^**^*  "* 
;  RhcBtum  vigilantem,  et  cuncta  videntem ;    346  "3^'  IgniuroM^erieuH 
rnum  metuens  se  post  cratera  tegebat : 

in  adverso  totum  cui  cominus  ensem  347.    Cul   Mmufenti 

t  aasurgenti ;  et  mullA  morte  recepit  condidit   totum   «oMm 

;um  :  vomit  iUe  animam,  et  cum  sanguine  mixU    ^»'""'"' 
ert  moriens.     Hic  flirto  fervidus  instat.  350 

ue  ad  iV{es9api  socios  tendebat,  ubi  ignem 
{  extremum,  et  religatos  rite  videbat 

1  gramen  equos  :  breviter  cum  talia  NisuSf  353.  Enim  MiiflH  u  tt 

enim  nimiA  ciede  atque  cupidine  ferri)  $ontim  feni  nimiA  cada» 

nus,  ait :  nam  lux  inimica  propinquat.  355  •^'^  cupidm» 

m  exhauatum  satis  est :  via  &cta  per  hostes. 
iriim  soiido  argento  perfecta  relinquunt 

NOTE8. 

careleMl/— «I  random.    Promit-  the  iword  red,  or  bathed  in  blood,  bavmg 

Rusus.  effected  a  mortal  wound.    Hejnt  eaji,  re» 

^omino :  their  master  Remus.  irtunt  entem  jmrpureum  eum  muUo  tomgume* 

inguUaniemy  kc.    Dr.  Trapp  ren-  Thia  also  ii  the  Mnse  of  Rueus  :  he  ea/ii 

weltering  %n  blood ;  but  this  is  not  reiraxii  eum  (auem)  posi  eertam  moriew^ 

ing  of  nngulio^t  whlch  denotes  the  Dr.  Trapp  renden  reeipit :  he  receivee  him 

it  a  liquid  makei  when  poured  out  (Rhcetuf)  with  certain  death.    RhoHiup  waa 

R,  or  tome  veMel  ofa  narrow  necjc.  riunir  up  toward  Euryalus,  and  aa  it  wera 

'turuna :  neu.  plu.  taiLen  as  an  adv.  meeting  liim  half-waj.  He  buried  the  awofd 

on  of  the  GreeJu :  very  much.  in  hii  brea«t,  and  received  him  with  certam 

eo  multo :  hy  much  wine.   See  Mn.  death,  meaning  the  fuU  and  fair  stroke  whioh 

}j  Deo,  we  are  to  undemtand  Bac-  he  had  at  his  breast.   This  he  insista  npon  aa 

I  god  of  wine,  put  by  meton.  for  the  true  interpretation.    Davidson  rendera 

\C   Felix  n  jproiinus :  happj  if  he  the  worda :  ^  he  receives  him  with  copiooa 

hont   intemuadon,   equalled    that  death."    Heyne  reads  purpureum  connected 

h  the  night — if  he  had  continued  it  with  en*em.  The  common  reading  in  purpm' 

rht.  ream^  agreeing  with  animam :  but  of  thai  it 

htiiMtet :  in  the  sense  ofproduxiuet.  is  not  easj  to  roake  sense.    Valpj,  Rttmia. 

er  ovUia  turbans :  Dr.  Trapp  thinks  and  Davidson,  read  purpuream. 

rius,  that  this  is  for  periurb^au^  bj  350.  Purio :  in  the  sense  of  c«ii  vel  Hragi: 

Ceu :  9M   a   hungrj  lion   raging  anj  thing  done  in  a  private  or  eecret  maa* 

full  fold  of  sheep,  Sui.     Rusbus  ner,  maj  be  calledyiiifiMi. 

ultuant  in  nlenit  mfiiibtu.  35t.  Reiigatot :  in  the  eense  of  sahilst. 

etana :  in  tne  sense  of  immoderata  354.  Ataitd  eetde  atque  etqndine  :  tke  aame 

tflu.    TVahf     in  the  senae  of  iaee'  as  nimia  eupidine  emdit :  with  too  graat  a 

4Ut :  in  the  sense  of  impeUit.  desire  of  alaugbter. 

Mt :  he  comea  to — he  aasaults —  356.  Sa^  peenarum  :   enough  of  ▼«&• 

Roeua  sajs,  aggreditur,    MuUam  geance  or  pnnishment  haa  been  taken.   Ew* 

a   promiscuoua   throng — a    great  nauttum :  m  the  aenae  of  tumptum, 

357.  Perfeeia:  in  the  aaoae  of  mTuUm  val 

'^eqni  purpunum  •  ho  drew  hack  facUh 


476  I"-  VIRGILn  MARONld 

Armaque,  craterasque  simul,  pukhroBque  taj 
359.    Roryaluf  rofU  Euryalus  phaieras  Rhamnctis,  et  aurea  huDia 
phtJeni9  Cingula  :  Tiburti  Remulo  ditissimus  olim 

3til.  Qu«  dona  ditit-  Quje  mittit  dona,  hospitio  ciim  jungeret  ahse 
"r  **"  rpM"^'^"  D  "*\^'  Cfledicus :  ille  suo  moriens  dat  habere  nepoti 
:I;"  Jlet^jun^:^^^  Post  mortem  heUo  Rutuli  pugnftque  potiti : 
^^  Haec  rapit,  atque  humens  neqmcquam  lortibt 

Tum  galeam  Messapi  babilem  cristisque  dec* 
Induit.     Excedunt  castris,  et  tuta  capessunt. 
367.    Intere^   tercen-      Interek  praemissi  equites  ex  urhe  LatinA, 
tum  equites  omnes  scu-  Cstera  dum  legio  campis  instructa  moratur, 
tati,  VoUcente  magi«tro,  jbant,  et  Turno  regi  responsa  ferehant, 

ibant,    et    ferebant    re-  m  a  a  *•  \r  i  — .  *^ ^^   :^ 

tponi^  rogi  Tumo,  pr«-  Tercentum,  scutaU  omnes,  Volscente  magist 

miflai   ex  Latinft   urbe,  Jamque  propinquabant  castris,  muroque  subi 

dum  Ciim  procul  hos  laevo  flectentes  limite  cemu 

372.  Hoi  duot  juvenei  Et  gaiea  Euryalum  sublustri  noctis  in  umbrft 

374.    Advena  radiii  Prodidit  immemorem,  radiisque  adversa  refu 

Lunm  rbfulBit  Haud  temere  est  visum  :  conclamat  ab  agmi 

State,  viri :  quae  causa  viae  ?  quive  estis  in  a 
377.  IIU  volueruKi  ten-  Qudve  tenetis  iter  ?  Nihil  illi  tendere  contr^ 
dere  nihU  contra  ;  eed  gej  celerare  fiigam  in  sylvas,  et  fidere  nocti, 
caperuni  Objiciunt  equites  sese  ad  divortia  nota 

Hinc  atque  hinc,  omnemque  aditum  custode 
Sylva  fuit,  late  dumis  atque  ilice  nigr& 
333.  Rara  Bemita  du-  Horrida,  quam  densi  compl^rant  undique  sei 
ceb  t  ad  eam  tyhar%        Rara  per  occultos  ducebat  semita  calles. 

NOTES. 

359.  Phalerat,     These  were  ccrtain  oma-  foot,  and  three  hundred  horse. 

ments  worn  by  persons  of  distinction  ainongr  were  fumiFhed  by  Latinus,  or 

the  Roinans.     Dr.  Trapp  and  sonie  oihers,  his  quecn.    The  horse,  as  bei; 

explain  this  of  the  omanicnts  of  Rhamnes*  and  more  expeditious  in  the 

horse.     But  they,  doubtless,  belonged  to  his  advanced,  and  arrived  in  th 

own    person  :    for  Euryalus  put   them  on.  tlio  infasitry  were  on  the  pl 

Bullis :  the  bulla  were  studs  or  bosses  upon  more  slowly. 

girdles,  somcthing  liko  tho  head  of  a  nail,  372.  Lott^o  limite :  the  lefl* 

and  usually  of  gold.    Cingula  aurea  bullis :  path.     See  238.  supra. 

a  girdle  or  belt  with  golden  bosscs.  373.  Galea :  this  was  the  h 

363.  Posi  mortem :  after  the  death  of  Re-  sapus,  wliich  he  had  put  on. 
mulus,  &c.     This   is    one  of  the   thirtcen  heedless — unmindful  of  the 
passages  of  Virgil,  which  Servius  considers  curred  by  so  doing. 
mexplicable.      The  common  editions  have  374.  midversa :  opposite  to. 
pugnaque ;  but  the  Roman  manuscript  has  tho  helmet  struck  by  the  ra^ 
jfridaque,   The  meaning  appears  to  be  tliis :  flected  them  to  a  distant  obje 
that  in  a  war  bctween  the  Tiburtines  and  375.  Hatid  temere  visum  est 
the   Rutulians,  in   which   the   grandson  of  these  words  in  tho  sense  of  n 
Remulus,  who  commanded  the  former,  was  est  nobis^  refcrring  them  to  Vo 
slain,  the  Rutulians   took   from  him  those  says,  res  animadversa  est  hai 
•poils,  with  the  rest  of  the  booty.     David-  res  non  neglecta  eM.     He  nial 
0on  reads  pradq,     Heyne  and  Rusus  read  afler  risum.     Davidson  rcnd 
pvgna.     Potiti :  gaincd  the  battle — thc  vic-  "  Scarecly  was  the  object  se 
tory ;  and  conscqucntly  the  booty^fell  into  sceiis/^  &c.    **  This  possed  no 
thmr  hands.     The  verb  sunt  is  understood.  says  Valpy. 

364.  ^ptat  nequicquam :  he  fits  tlicm  to  377.  Tendere :  in  the  sense 
kis  shoulders  in  vain — in  vain,  because  he  379.  Divortia :  passes — pai 
waa  so  soon  to  ba  slain,  and  lose  them.  380.  Coronani :  in  the  sei 

366.  Capessunt:   in  the  scnse  of  petunt.  dnnt^  vcl   obsident.     Heyne 

uoca  is  undcrstoiid  with  tuta.  Thc  conimon  reading  is  aditnt 

3Gfi.  Cceiera  legio.     These  were  the  foot.         383. /2ora :  few — dispersedl 

A  Aoinan  lcgion  col  nsted  of  foux  th^UBand  Occultot  ealles :  ■ecret  or  priv 


i 


Ji:N£IS.    LIB.  IX.  477 

rmlum  tenebne  ramoruin  onerosaque  pra;da 

ecli>iiit,  &llitque  timor  regione  viurum.  385     9B6.  Fallit  mmi 

m  abil :  janique  imprudens  evaserat  hostes,  r^ooe 

ue  lacus,  qui  pdat  Albse  de  nomine  dicti 

ani :  tum  rex  atabula  alta  I^tinus  habebat  388.  Alta  ■tabula  m 

KeUL,  et  frustra  abaentem  respexit  amicum  : 

jmie  infelix,  quA  te  regione  reiiqui  ?  390 

m  aequar  ?  RuraillB  porplexum  iter  omne  revolvena 

bcis  sylvs,  aimul  et  vestigia  retrd 

ervata  legit,  dumisque  silentibus  errat : 

ht  equos,  audit  strepitus,  et  signa  sequentCkm. 

;  lon<rum  in  medio  tcmpus,  cum  clamor  ad  aures  395     395.  Nec  longum  teni» 

miit^  ac  videt  Euryalum  ;  quem  jam  manus  omnis,     P*"  iniervmii  in  m«Nlio 

iide  loci  et  noctis,  subito  turbante  tumultu, 

treasum  rapit,  et  conantem  plurima  frustra. 

il  fkciat  ?  qu&  vi  juvenem,  quibus  audeat  annia 

lere  ?  an  sese  medios  moriturus  in  hostes  400 

imt,  et  pulchram  properet  per  vulnera  mortem  ? 

bm  adducto  tiirquens  hastile  lacerto, 

»icicns  altam  Lunam,  sic  voce  precatur : 

£>ea,  tu  pnesens  nostro  succurre  labori,  404.  Ta,  O  Latoiua 

oruni  decus,  et  nemorum  Latonia  custos :  405  I>~^tupr«Mn«iiuccttrrc 

■a  tuis  unquam  pro  me  pater  Hyrtacus  aria  nortro  labon,  tu  dMiM 

■  tulit ;  si  qua  ipse  meis  venatibus  auxi, 

lendi-ve  tholo,  aut  sacra  ad  fastigia  fixi :  408.  Suspcndi-ve  mH-' 

c  sine  nie  turbare  globum,  et  rege  tela  per  auras.       9^  ^mm  tliolo 

lixenit :  et  toto  connixus  corpore  ferrum  410 

|iclt.     Hasta  volans  noctia  iliverberat  umbraa, 

lamt  adverBi  in  tergum  Sulmonis ;  ibique 

NOTES. 

ilL  Omuma :  in  tha  ■enae  of  gravu.  398.  Oppre»tum :  in  the  ■ense  of  inUt' 

k.  tmprtuieHt :  regardless  of  hia  friend  ceptum,  vel  /nu/i/um. 

H  awere  of  hu  being  behind.  400.  Enpere :  reicue— free. 

n.  /-«1«.   Thi«ii.thereadingofHeyne  .    f^  ^f //«m  I^moiiu    Diwia  on  the  eirth, 

ffaTideoii.     ButRu«u.read8/o<ro^knd  !»  Luna  m  heaven,  and  Hecate  m  hell.    Sbo 

fe  it  to  be  the  true  readmg.     For,  say.  |f  ^^^^J^^^^ui  from  Lo/ono,  the  name  of 

halakeAlbanuswasatloastfourlcagues  **®'"°c                 •    *u                r  i- 

HL     Beside,  it  was  about  the  middle  of  ^'  Succurre :  in  the  sense  of /ore. 

riibt,  irhen  Nisus  and  his  friend  lefl  the  ^  ^07.    St  qua :    dana   is   to    be  supphed. 

hicanip.     He  could  not  have  had  time  f"^  '  have  mcreased-added  any  otfermg 

k  ao  mlich,  to  go  that  distance,  and  re-     ^'^  l^^.^^JT.^^f''  \ "l^  ^*'*"^V        • . .,  . 

i  fa  wcmith  of  hli  friend :  and  all  this  in     . .  ^08.  ^^«^  ;  fholus  was  ihe  middle,  and 

«pM*  of  half  a  summer'8  nighU     For  ^'»*>!^^  ^"l?  u\*!f  '''''^f  T^  ""^  ^!  ^"^ 

taMn,  he  prefer.  locos,  and  explains  it  P^*''  ^'T/*"*^  ^*»  "P^'*'  '^^ ^"  ""^  ^  ^ 

la  Alban  territory,  which  might  extend  ■""P!"*^^       ,  ,l.        ♦k-                     r 

ir  aa  the  place  where  he  then  was.  j^'  ^Y^  ghbum:  this  companv  of  mea. 

fta     A      il          •    .1.                e  4^2.    Advertu     Advertu»   signifies   rifht 

IL  AmImiu:  mtheMnMofr«me/t«ni.  against,    or    oppowte,    without    regardmg 

BL  LettU  vtiHgia :  he  foUows,  or  traces  whether  the  face  or  back  be  tunied  to  the  ob- 

iapB*  fte.  iecU     This  passage,  Servius  reckons  amoog 

^7.    Fnmde  loei  ei  nociit :  throngh  the  his  tiiirteen  inexplieablet.    The  meaning  if 

Amj  of  the  place,  and  of  the  night  plainly  this :  the  spear  entered  his  back  and 

p^  repreeent.  tbe  place  and  night  a.  reached  to  his  breast,  which  it  might  verj 

Initm,  to  whom  £uryalus  had  com-  well  do,  though  it  were  broken  {Jrmngitm) 

4  bia  aaietj,  aod  they  betrayed  him.  from  the  wood.    Advertu    This  i.  the  < 

li  itmmliu  iurbtmie .-  m  a  midden  tumul.  mon  reading.    Hejne  read.  everst.    Ri 

baing  a  aiuUWn«  fte.  aaj.,  sfrpoiilu 


4n  P-  VIRGILn    MA&ONIS 

Frangitur,  wc  fisso  transit  proBeordia  ligno. 
Volvitur  ille,  vomens  calidum  de  pectore  fluo 
Frigidus,  et  longis  «ngultibus  ilia  pulaat. 
416.  Eooe  idem  aorior  Diversi  circumspiciunt.     Hoc  acrior  idem 
boo  fuoMwu  Rcce  aliud  summi  telum  librabat  ab  aure ; 

Dum  trepidant.     lit  liasta  Tago  per  tempus  i 

Stridena,  trajectoque  hssit  tepefiicta  cerebro 

Saevit  atrox  Volscens,  nec  teli  conapieit  usqu 

Auctorem ;  nec  qud  se  ardens  immittere  pos 

Tu  tamen  interek  calido  mihi  sanguine  pcsnai 

Persolves  amborum,  inqutt.     Simul  eme  red 

Ibat  in  Euryalum.     Tunc  ver6  exterritus,  an 

Conclamat  Nisus ;  nec  se  celare  tenebria 

Ampliiis,  aut  tantum  potuit  periem  dol<H«m 

4t7.  Me,  me  oeeidiie :  Me,  me  ;  adsum,  qui  feci ;  in  me  convertite 

adium  qui  feci  id:  O  Q  Rutuli !  mea  fraus  omnis.     Nifail  iste,  nec 

Rutttli,   converute  fer-  j^^    ^^^^     ^^^  ^       ^^  conscia  sidera  te 

rnmmme:  onmiB  fraui  m     ^r_^  .  /.  t.  •_^*v      j-i     •*    • 

tMi  mea.    lete/eci/  nihil  Tantum  infelicem  mmium  dilezit  amicam. 

nee  aueus  esi:  nec  po-  Talia  dicta  dabat :  sed  viribus  ensia  adactus 
tuit  facert,  Transabiit  costas,  et  candida  pectora  rumpit. 

Volvitur  Edryalus  leto,  pulchrosque  per  artui 
It  cruor,  inque  humeros  cerviz  coUapsa  recu 
Purpureus  veluti  ciim  flos,  succtsus  aratro, 
Languescit  moriens ;  lassove  papavera  coUo 
Demisere  caput,  pluviA  ciim  fortd  gravantur. 
At  Nisus  ruit  in  medios,  solumque  per  omnei 
Volscentem  petit :  in  solo  VoWente  moratui 
Quem  circikm  glomerati  hostes  hinc  cominta 
Proturbant.     Instat  non  si^gniiks,  ae  rotat  en 
Fulmineum,  donec  Rutuli  clamantis  in  ore 
Condidit  adverso,  et  moriens  animam  abstuli 
Tum  super  exaniinem  sese  projecit  amicum 
Confossus,    placid&que  ibi  denium  morte  qui 

NOTES. 

413.  Fiuo  ligno.     Fitstu  here   must  be  lians,   althouffh  thej    were 
taken  in  the  sense  of  fraetut ;   unless   we  formor  were  Uio  principals  in 
BuppoBO  the   wood   might  be  broken,  and         431.  Da6a/;  in  Iheeenseof 
split   and  ihatlered  withal ;   and  this  split  the  sword  of  Volacens. 

and  Bhattered  part  to  pass  tJhrough  his  pra^  ^           .     i^„^, 

cordta,     This  appoars  to  be  the  opinion  of  ,      .      .                  - 

Dr.  Trapp.  ^^*  '^'  ^  "^®  Bense  of^ti 

414.  ^o/mVur:  in  the  senBOof  ea</i/.    Flu-  437.  Langtiein'/:  withers. 
men :  for  sanguinem.  beautiful  comparison. 

416.    Diversi :   thojr  look  about  them  in  439.  Moratur,    Runus  Bajn 

diirerent  directiuns.     Idem:  namely,  Nisus.  tn,  k.c.     ^^  Persist^^in  his  atti 

418.  Tago :  to  Tagus.     The  dat.  is  fre-  scens,*' says  Valpy. 
quently  uned  in  the  sense  of  the  gen.,  espe-  440.  Cireum  quem^,  &c.     T 
cially  ainong  thc  pocts.     The  spcar  picrccd  thored  around  Nisus  to  kmp 
botn  liis  teinplcs.  prevent   him  from  doing  an 

419.  Tepf/acta  :  warmed  by  ita  jncpld  mo-  them,  wishing  to  take  him  a  p 
tion  througii  the  air.  than  kiil  him. 

421.  Jliutorem:  thc  owner  of  the  wenpon         441.  Segnius.     Heyne  read 

— tho  ono  who  threw  it.  coinmon  reading  is  segnius. 
424.  Jbat :  in  the  sense  of  irruebat.  442.  Fulmineum.  ThiB  is  ti 

427.  Me^  me^  &c.     This  abrupt  exclama-  It  donotes  the  rapid  motion 

tion  admirably  marks  the  perturbation  and  and  tho  force  with  which  it 

liifforder  of  his  mind     Uo  caWaWieTa  fiLulu-  well  aa  ite  clittiriiis»    iZfMi 


i 


iBNElS.    LIB.  IX.  47V 

i  ambo !  si  quid  mea  cannina  poMuntf 
unqaam  memori  vo8  eximet  aevo : 
s  iEneie  Capitoli  immobile  saxum 
iperiumque  pater  Romanus  habebit. 
prsd&  Rutuli  apoliisque  potiti,  460 

I  exaiiimem  flentea  in  castra  ferebanl. 

in  castrisluctus^  Rhamnete  reperto  452.  Nee  fiiU  miiior 

et  primia  un4  tot  caede  peremptis,  IncUw  in  castriB  Htflii- 

N  Numique.     Ingens  concursus  ad  ipea  t^fy^ 

eminecesque  viros^  tepid4que  recentem      465 
n,  et  plenoB  spumanti  sanguine  rivoa. 
spolia  inter  se,  galeamque  nitentem 
;  multo  phaleras  sudore  receptaa. 

>rima  novo  apargebat  lumine  terras  459.   Et   jam  prima 

»ceum  linquens  Aurora  cubile  :  460  Aurora,    Unquau  «o- 

nfuso,  jam  rebus  4uce  retectisv  **""  cubilo 

irma  viros^  armis  cirCumdatus  ipae, 
eratasque  aeies  in  prelia  cogit 

as,  vanisque  acuunt  rumoribus  iras.  .  ^^  Quiique  dux  «o- 

irrectia,  visu  miflerabile !  in  hastis  466  ''liiJ^Qnjn  pnBtamt 

^apiU,  et  muke  clamore  sequuntur,  ioMi  capita  EuryaU  et 

Visi.  Ni^  in  arroctia  haatas 

NOTE8. 

I  ditM :  no  lenffth  of  time  shaU  the  enemj  in  safetj,  withoat  attemptlnf 

m  from  roindftd  poeteritj.  This  anj  thing.    But  poetrj  delighta  in  the  won- 

ig  of  mtmdfi  mv,  derAil  and  marveHooa.                                k 

4fUe  mxum.    Thia  impliM  that  453.  Primii :  chief  men — noblee. 

»n  of  the  Roman  empire  waa  to  455.  Ttjtidm  eade*    Davidion  reada  iepi^ 

and  laetiag  aa  the  Capitoline  dum^  agreeing  with  loettm.     Hejne  reads 

hich  tlie  citv  waa  bailL    Afler  iepida,    So  uso  Raeaa,  and  othors.    The 

!*arquiniuB  Priscua,  the  Roinana  Roman  manuacript  has  tejndum,    Thesenae 

lon  that  tlieir  empire  would  be-  is  the  aame  with  either.     Rueus  interpreta 

ni,  and  have  no  end.     Some  ihnYfOT^Mi  adlociaiitepcfaetumreeenti  strtutt, 

li  ^ntft^  of  the  fitmilj  of  Au-  456.  Rivot  plenat^  &c.    Dr.  Trapp  thinka, 

ih  Virgil  dedoces  from  iEneaa.  that  no  more  la  meant  than  streami  of  blood 

with  proprietj  be  taken  for  the  upon  the  ground :  rivot  tpumantit  tangumu» 

eneral.  HejneBaja,./u/tagm«.*  It  is  difficult  to  imagine  that  two  men,  in  ao 

milj.  short  a  space,  could  spill  so  much  blood  as  to 

Romanut*    Rueus  thinks  Ro-  justify  the  hjperbole,  that  the  rivers  wer» 

eant,  he  being  the  founder  of  filled  and  foamed  with  blood.    Beside,  there 

'idson  thinks  Pater  here  means  was  onlj  one  river,  and  that  one  not  verv 

ngs  are  often  called  the  fathers  near.    Hejne  is  of  the  same  opinion  wita 

ple.     Fater  Romanm^  thcn  will  Dr.  Trapp. 

an  prince,  orsovereign.  Hejne  458.  Sudore:  in  the  senseof  to5ore.  PAe> 

bj  ftiter  Romanut^   Jupiter  lerat.    These  were  taken  from  Rfiamnee 

to  whom  a  famous  temple  was  See  359,  supra. 

e  Capitoline  mounU   This  storj  461.  Sole  jam  infuto :  the  sun  now  being 

1  Euihralus  makes  a  verj  consi-  ashered  into  the  world^the  sun  having  al- 

of  this  book,  and  a  ver j  inte-  read j  arisen.    Rebut :  objects — ^things.  /2e- 

4>o.    It  is  nevertheless  liable  to  tectit:    brought  to  view — uncovertd.     Tho 

the  ground  of  probabilitj.     It  world  and  all  things  therein  had  been  wrapt 

>  conceive  that  a  whole  armj  up  in  the  mantle  of  night.    Thej  are  now 

eep,  and  their  sentinels  among  disclosed  and  brought  to  view,  bj  tlie  ra ja 

m  it  was  their  business  to  see  of  light. 

jans  were  kept  close.     It  issaid  463.  Jleiet:  troops  in  general.    •Slraiae: 

ake  indeed ;   but  he   gave  no  arroed  with  brasa — nlad  in  brazen  amior. 

dea,  we  might  suppose  that  thej  464.  Rumorilnu:  Hejne  takes  this  in  the 

onnderod  themselves  sufficient-  sense  of  hortationihu»  vol  voeiou»,     Ira»  *  ia 

to  be  able  to  paas  tke  camp  of  the  seDte  of  fwremm. 


iENEIS.     LIB.  IX.  4S1 


?  hoc  sum  terrftque  mariquo  secuta  :  49t.   O   nate,   rpfort 

!i  c|aa  est  p^etas  :  in  nie  omnia  tela  *''*«  '«/^  •^^^  '^*^^  '^® 

Rutuli;  nie  primam  absumile  forro: 

rne  pater  I)iv6m,  miserere,  tuoque  496     495.  f/iiMrtiTtmeh  de» 

i  detrude  caput  sub  Tartara  telo ;  trudeque  hoc  meum  CMr- 

er  nequeo  crudelem  abrumpere  vitam.  P"^  invwuin  iun 

oncussi  animi,  mcestusque  per  omnes  498.  Animi  TVt^tno- 

torpont  infractie  ad  projiia  virc^.  ^  concuMi  iuni 

Jentem  luctus  Idajus  et  Actor,  600     «W.  W»ui  et  Actor. 

.        ,.  X      ,1              A*    T-r  monitu  Jlionet  et  liili 
itu  et  multum  lachrymantis  luli, 

interque  manus  sub  tecta  reponunt. 

erribilem  sonitum  procul  src  canoro 

sequitur  clamor,  ccrlumque  remugit. 

actft  pariter  testudine  Volsci,  605 

iplere  parant,  ac  vellere  vallum. 

irs  aditum,  et  scalis  ascendere  muros ; 

st  acies,  interlucetque  corona 

issa  viris.     Telorum  eifundere  contr^  609.    Contri  Teaetl 

s  Toucri,  ac  duris  detrudcre  contis,  610  «•j»«nmi 

^o  muros  defendere  bello. 

10  infesto  volvobant  pondere,  si  quli 

tam  aciem  perrumpere  :  cum  tamen  omnes 

:  subtor  densA  testudine  casus.  614  w.^}^^  Umenjuvat 

iflliciunt :  nam,  quA  globus  imminet  ingens,       ^JJ''*^  omnee  ca- 

reucri  molem  volvuntque  ruuntque,  515.  j^am  qu4  faig«M 

.  Rutulos  late,  armorumque  resoivit  Klobus  hottnm 

NOTE8. 

d  tum:    have   I  followed  thiii  mj;  and  now  she  appeala  to  Jove,  and  en- 

Bea&ndland?   Have  1  followcd  treata  him  *to  end  her  miserable  existeiice ; 

.  and  land  for  this — to  come  to  for  otherwise  ihe  could  not  break  Uie  corde 

of  life. 

r.  Here  ;>ie/a«,  doubtlese,  means  499.  Jn/raeim:    in   the   senee  of  fraeim, 

Dajtfion.     If  thore  be  any  pity  Torpent:  fail. 

tulians,  &c.  5O5.  Teetudine  aetd:   the  testudo  beinf 

nmam,     Wc  are  to  suppows  her  formed.     See  ^n.  ii.  441. 

m  the  rampart,  where  none,  as         ,^0  r\  £      •       ^  nn. 

■l»m  509,  Qua  aetet  tti  rara,    Themeamnffis: 

Dr.  Trapp  obsenres,  that  J^^^  ^\  ^  '^^  ^«  walls  aiid  fortifica. 

id  cannot   be  true,  unlen  ^»^"*'  ^'*>^f«  ^^«    "''Tk^i?  ^-!u    ^    i*"? 

en  in  a  limited  senBC.     Being  f?^'  °'  ["»«■  »°/  -^  thick  w.th  mei^but 

.  and  refcrring  evcry  thing  tS  they  may  bc  seen  through    ./^«ej;  prop«r»v 

.k.  she  refer.  this,  ;i.o  ;  L  if  f"  *"^^  **'*^»  "P  J?  °^**^'  of  batUe-.hofe 

:  «ince  my  grief  will  not  end  ^J^°P»  "*  «^"«J^'  ,ST^''V'  ^^  ""  «"*" 

life  a.  I  would  have  it,  I  do-  fj*"*^»"»  '^""^  ">  ^tw        ""  *  "'^'^      T 

le  cnemy  or  Uie  gods  to  do  it.  *^!  J*".*"  ^'  *^f  ^^^^  ™°  "P^"  ^***  "^^^*^ 

n  Uiink.  she  only  talk.  .ome-  ^»'*'^"^  "^^  di»tmcUon. 

Ltently,  as  might  bc  cxpected        610.  Detrudere:  topush  down  the  enemy 

of  mind  ;  and  obnerve.  that  it  ''^ith,  «c 

>able  .he  had  attempted  to  lay        51 1.  Longo  bello,     Thi.  alludes  to  tlie 

I  upon  herMlf,  and  was  hindered  Trojan  war,  whioh  lasted  ten  years. 

ut  her.  512.  Jnfetio :  in  the  sense  of  tnwmti  ve( 

)  of  self-murder  is  of  so  horrid  magno,  '  By  their  great  weight,  ttiey  became 

t  the  poet  might  weU  suppoM»  fatal  to  the  enemy. 

d  be  guilty  of  it.     She  wishcd         513.  Teetam  aetem:  the  protectcd  tro«.*ps 

ice  hcr  son,  the  support  and  m>-  — thoM  wlio  were  covered  by  the  lettudo^  01 

ecljning  years,  was  taken  from  target  defence. 

^Mrecmnshe  find  it.'    Notfrom        516.  Motem:  any  Imarfa  miaa  oK  TDiiL^XfB 

8be  had  called  upon  th#  ene-  may  be  called  «lolbt.    Kuwo»  «kjv< 

32 


I  slain. 
r.       Di 

f)  Miid 


482  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS. 

Tegmina :  neo  curant  casoo  contendere  Marl 
Amplius  audaces  Rutuli;  aed  pellere  vallq 
620.  Sec  certtnt  pel-  Missilibus  cerUnt. 
.ere  Drojanoi  Parte  aliS  horrendus  visu  quassabat  Etruscai 

Pinum,  et  fumiferos  infert  Mezentius  ignes. 
At  Messapus,  equQm  doraitor,  Neptunia  prol^ 
Rescindit  vallum,  et  aoalas  in  moBnia  poscit. 
625.  ^^   p  Musa,      Vos,  o  Calliope,  precor,  aspirate  caneoti; 
SrS^iSrSfSaAi  ^^Q'««  «W  tum  ferro  8tr.ge8.  que  fuoera  Tum 
Qenti  Bdiderit;  qnem  quisque  virum  demiserit  Onc 

£t  mecum  ingentes  oras  evolvite  belii: 

£t  meministis  enim,  Divae,  et  mennorare  potei 

Turris  erat  vasto  suwpeotu,  et  pontibus  altii 

Opportuna  loco;  summis  quam  viribus  omne 

Expugnare  Itali,  sumiuique  everlere  oputn  f 

588.  €k>Dtrli      TrodsCertabant:   Tro^s  contra  defendere  aaxis» 

densi   certahant   defen-  Perque  cavas  deosi  tela  intorquere  lenestraa. 

dereMmsaxiis  deuaique  Pnnceps  arde«tem  conjecit  lampada  Turnui 

Et  Dammam  affixit  latcii;  ques  plurima  venl 
Corripuit  tabulas,  et  postibus  hssit  adesis. 
588.  TVojani    turbati  Tu rbati  trepidare  iotus,  frustri^que  malorum 
etgperwU  trepidare  Velle  fugam.     Dum  se  gloiaierant,  retrdque 

In  partem,  qiise  peste  oaret;  Uim  pondere  tii 
Procubuit  subiio,  et  ccelum  tonat  oenoe  frago 
542.  TVoJani  semine-Semineces  ad  terram,  immani  mole  eeoutS, 
ces  veniunt  ad  terram,  Confixique  suis  telis,  et  pectora  duro 
immani  mole  turrU  se-  Transfossi  ligno,  veniunt.     Vix  unus  Heleo 

Et  Lycus  elapsi;  quorum  primaevus  Heleno 
Maeonio  regi  quem  serva  Lycimnia  furtim 

NOTES. 

618.   Caco  Marte:  concealed  or  covered  582,  Sikmma  vi  opnm:  wii 

figbt — covered  aad  protected  by  their  ahields  forcc  in  their  power. 

beld  over  thcir  heads.  534.  FeHestra*:   the   holea 

522.   Pinwn:  his  spear  or  javelin  madc  made  in  the  tower  tlirough  w 

of  the  pine  tree — pitieam  Jumtam.     Fumife-  the  a^sailants. 

ros  ignes.     By  thijj  we  aru  to  uuderstand  a  535.  Lampada,     Lampas  ^ 

firc-brand — some  resinous  wood  which  Me-  flaming   brund,   madc   up  ol 

zentius  carricd  in  one  hand  on  fire.     The  ro^^iin,  and  such  like  material^ 

poet,  on  every  oceasion,  reprcsents  Mczen-  stuck  around  with  sharp  poi 

tias  aa  a  moustcr  in  wickcdness,  in  shape,  of  iron,   was   flung   against 

and  in  appearancc.     Hc  is  here  horrendus  &c.,   where  it  stuck  fast  til 

visu:  horrid  to  the  sight.      Vimi:  for  xnsui.  boards  with  its  flame.     Lam 

See  Ecl.  v.  29.     Infert:  RuaBUs  says,  injicit.  acc. 

525.   Calliojye.     She    was    chief    of    the  630.   Qu<e  plurima  vento: 

muscs,  and  prosidcd  over  heroic  poetry:  for  widely  spread  by  the  wiud— 

which  reason,  she  is  jMirticularly  mentioned.  largc,  &c. 

Aspirate:  in  the  scnse  of  docete.  537.  Adesis  postibus:   to 

527.  Ediderit:  in  the  sense  oi  fecerit  vel  timbcrs — till  the  timbcrs  wer 
effecerit.  539.  Fttgam  malorum :   a 

528.  Oraji  belli:  limits,  extent,  or  com-  from  the  dauger.     Malum: 
pass  of  the  war.     Evolvite:  in  the  sense  of  periculum.     Jifsidunt:  in  th 
explicate.  dunt. 

530.  Pontibus  altis.  The  planks  on  which  540.  Peste:  the  devourinj 
they  asconded  from  ono  story  to  another  of  545.  Prinuevus :  bom  tirs 
these   towers,    were   caUod    pontes,   stagos.     the  two. 

Vanto  suspectu :  of  vast  heiglit,  or  altitude.         546.  M(eonio  regi.     Mscoi 
The  prep.  e  or  ex  bcing  undcrstood.  try  of  Asia  Minor,  sometii 

531.  Loeo:  ia  the  Beuae  oC  «itu.  with    Lydio.    Uomer    reck* 


\ 


JSNEIS.    UB.  IX.  ASf 

-at,  vetitisque  ad  Trojajn  miserat  annui ; 

eir  nudo,  parmAque  inglorius  alb&.  548.  Hk  ertii  levli  uv- 

bi  se  Tumi  media  inter  millia  vidit ;  ^®  •"•* 

lies,  atque  hinc  acies  adstare  Latinas :  660 

,  qus  densA  venantCim  septa  coronft 

teia  furit,  seseque  haud  nescia  morti 

et  saltu  supra  venabula  fertur ; 

liter  juvenis  medios  moriturus  in  hovtes 

et,  qui  tela  videt  densissima,  tendit.  666 

bus  lonff^  melior  Lycus,  inter  et  bostes, 

arma,  n<gi  muroe  tenet ;  altaque  certat 
-e  tecta  manu,  sociCimque  attingere  destras. 
Pumus,  pariter  cursu  teloque  secutus, 

t  his  victor :  Nostrasne  evadere,  demcns,        660     660.  Inmptt  tvm  hif 
i  te  posse  manus  ?  Simul  arripit  ipsum  ^mi    o  a 

tem,  et  magni  muri  cum  parte  revellit.  —•.  JLJ?-ts^*t1f  ^^- 

jbi,  aut  leporem,  aut  candenti  corpore  cycnum      evadm 

alta  petens  pedibus  Jovis  armiger  uncis :  663.  To/m,  qualii  ubi 

vok  aut  matri  multis  bal^tibus  agnum  666  At/uiia  armiger    Jovi* 

I  k  stabuiis  rapuit  lupus.     Undique  clamor  J^  tSbiL^^Mi"^***"* 

.     Invadunt,  et  fossas  aggere  complent :  666.*' Aut"to/^  ouahM 

»  tsedas  alii  ad  fiistigia  iactant.  Martius  lupus,  ubi  nipoit 

^us  saxo,  atque  ingenti  fragmine  montis,  668.  Ad  fmatigia  mtt- 

m,  portae  subeuntem  ignesque  ferentem :         670  rorum.    Ilioneus  ttemit 
>na  Liger,  Chorinseum  sternit  Asylas :  Lucetium 

ulo  )>9nus,  hic  longd  fallente  sagitt& :  572.   Hie  trai  bonwi 

m  Cisneus,  victorem  Cenea  Tumus :  ^^  ^*"^?*  ^®"«* 

Ityn,  Cloniuuique,  Dioxippum,  Promulumque,      ^•"•"'  •^*' 
krim,  et  summis  stantem  pro  turribus  Idam :    676 
um  Capys.     Hunc  prim6  levis  hasta  ThemillaB  676.     Capye    occUU 

rat :  iUa  manum,  projecto  tegmine,  demens  Privemum. 

NOTEa 

tie  auziliaries  of  Pritfm.    Helenor        557.  Taui:  reachee— «rrivoe  atthewaUs 
llefitimate  son  of  tbe  king  of  M«-        558.  Teeia  alia:  the  high  summita,  or  to|Hi 

hii  slave  Licymnia.  of  the  walls.    llusus  interprets  it  by  aliat 

yeiiiiM  armis:    in  forbidden  arms.  pintuu, 

gamst  the  wiU  of  tho  ffods  ;  or  in        559.  Pariter  eurtu:  he  followed  him  with 

to  a  law  or  custom  of  the  Romans,  equal  pace,  and,  with  his  dart,  kept  close  to 

rbid  slaves  to  bear  arms,  unless  they  his  hecls.     Or,  he  kept  pace  with  the  dar 

1  set  free,  except  in  cases  of  the  which  he  flunr  at  him.    This  last  gives  us 

danf^r.    In  the  time  of  Hannibal,  a  fine  idea  of  the  quickness  of  his  speed. 

I  were  employed  in  the  common  de-  It  equalled  the  motion  of  his  dart.     Valpy 

Stuiulerai:  in  the  sense  o^patererai,  takes  it  in  this  sense. 

Imt  wudo  eme,    The  poet  here  de-        565.  BalaHbut:  bleatings— much  bleatinrr. 
[elenor  such,  as  thoee  troops  among        56Q.  Mariius.    The  wolf  was  sacred  in 

Bans  called   VelUet^  from  veloeiiat,  Mars :  hence  the  epithet  Martiut, 
d  a  small  round  shield  or  buckler,        567.  ^ggere :  simply,  with  earth. 
t  and  some  light  missiye  weapons.        572.  Hie  boniu  jaculo :  the  one  skilful  in 

rmm,    Thrre  was  no  heroic  device  throwing  the  javclin;  the  other,  Slc,    Sa 

Hehad  done  nothing  to  distin^sh  giit&faUanie  longi,    This  is  a  beautiful  epi- 

i  deeerre  praise.     His  shield  was  a  thet  of  an  arrow ;  which  steab  upon  its  ob- 

nk.  ject  unawares,  and  surpriscs  him  with  un- 

Wvna:  a  troop— company.    Sepia:  sien  death. 

led— «ncircled.  575.  Pro:  before — iniront.    Or^porhape, 

ktpra  oenabuiar:  upon  the  hunting  we  are  to  underatand  that  he  stood  oii  liie 

front  of  the  towers  next  the  enemy. 
KsNer    hi  the  eense  of  eeierior  577.  Sirinxtral :  ia  thia  «nisia  «\  Wlncr*- 


4M  P-  VIRGILIl  MARCtfnS 

Ad  vulnus  tulit ;  ergd  alis  allapsa  sagritta, 
Et  laevo  infixa  est  lateri  manus,  abditaque  inti 
Spiramenta  anims  letaii  vulnere  rupit. 

Stabat  in  egregiis  Arcentis  filius  armis, 
Pictus  acu  chlamydem,  et  ferrugine  clanis  Ih 
Insignis  facie  ;  genitor  quem  miserat  Arcens, 
Eductum  Martis  iuco,  Syma;thia  circum 
Flumina,  pinguis  ubi  et  placabilis  ara  Palici. 
686.   Meientiui  ipse,  Stridentem  fundam,  positis  Mezentius  armis, 

ViaHJT^'!:^^^  ■'"■  Ipse  ter  adductlL  circum  caput  egit  habeni : 
dontem  fundam  '  ••       j        •  i-        r    *    *  i      v 

sao.  Et  difiidit  media  ^^  media  adversi  hquefacto  tempora  plumbo 

iempoTB. juvenis  adversi  Diffidil,  ac  multi  porrectum  extendit  areni. 

690.     Tum    primum      Tum  primum  bello  celerem  intendisse  sagl 
AacaniuB  dicitur  Dicitur,  ant^  feras  soiitus  terrere  fugaces, 

Ascanius,  fortemque  manu  fudisse  Numanum 

Cui  Remulo  cognomen  erat ;  Turnique  minc 

694.  Qtnque  habcbat  Germanam,  nuper  thalamo  sociatus,  habebat 

mmorem  jg  primam  ante  aciem  digna  atque  indigna  re 

mTumiduaqueguocw/  Vocifcrans,  tumidusque  novo  praecordia  regn 

'''698.  !Si/,  non  pudet  ^^*^'  ^*  '"^«"^1 8?^  clamore  ferebat : 

vM,  O  Phryges,  bis  capti,  ^on  pudet  obsidione  iterum  valloque  tenerit 

tmeri  Bis  capti  Phryges,  et  morti  pnetendere  murc 

NOTES. 

rvTO/.     Tegmine :  his  ahield.   Beinff  wound-  from  others  that  were  altan  o( 

ed,  he  put  his  hand  to  the  wound  to  Btop  and  divination.     Diodonu  fi 

the  blood,  and  threw  away  his  shield  for  that  slav^)  who  were  illy  trr 

that  purpose.     Heuce  ho  is  called  dement,  mastera,  fled  here  for  safet 

578.  Sagitta  allapsa  alit :  the  arrow  gflided  masters  were  not  allowed  to  ta 

«wiflly  on  ils  wings,  &c.     The  arrow  passcd  until  they  had  ^ven  security 

through    his    hand  as  ho  held  it  upon  his  treatment  of  them.     Hence  R 

wound,  hxed  it  to  his  side,  and  then  passed  was  called  ara  plaeabUis.     TI 

into  his  body,  picrcing  his  vitals.    Spiramen-  probable  reason. 

ta  animtz  :  Ihe  lungs.     This  was  not  the  ar-  5H7.  Hnbend  ter :  the  strin 

row  that  first  wounded  hini.  cd  three  timea^around  his  hei 

5H2.  Pictus:  embroidurcd  as  to  his  cloak  greater  force  to  the  ball. 

with  needle  work — having  an  embroidercd  588.  Liquefacto  plumbo :  ^ 

cloak.     Ibera  ftrrugint:  in  Iberian  purplo.  lead.     This  is  a  poctical  ej 

Ferrugo  is  the  color  of  polished  iron,  which  oxpress  the  volocity  of  the  bi 

approaches  nearly  to  purple.      Ibera :    an  air.     The  expression  is  borri 

adj.  from  Iberia.    Some  take  this  for  a  coun-  cretius.    Or  Uie  poet  may  alh 

try  lying  between  the  Euxinc  and  Caspian  ing  of  the  ball  at  first.     Rui 

seas,  formerly  called  Iberia,  now  Georgia,  facto  plumbo. 

A  colony  of  these  people  removed  to  Spain,  590.  Intendisse  :  to  have  sl 

and  settled  near  tho  river  Iberus,  to  which  592.  Fudisse :  in  tho  scnse 

they  gave  name.     Others  take  it  fur  Spain  593.    Cui  Remulo  :    in  thi 

itself,  sornetimes  called  Iberia.    It  abounded  Remulus  erat  cognomini:  to  v 

in  the  best  iron  and  steel.     Facie :  in  the  was  for  a  sumame.     This  cod 

Honse  of  formd.     Clarus :  in   the   sonse  of  imitation  of  the  Greeks. 

splendens,  594.  Sociatus  nuper :  being 

585.  Palici,    These  were  the  sons  of  Jove  ed  with  her  in  marriage. 

and  the  nymph  Thalia,  the  daughter  of  Vul-  595.  Relatu:  a  sup.  in  u^ 

can.     They  were  gods  worshipped  in  Sicily,  dictu. 

near  the  river  Symethia.     It  is  not  easy  to  596.  JWwo  regTio  ;   with  h 

assign  the  reason  of  their  altar  being  called  which  he  acquired  by  being  < 

*>laeabi*is,     Somo  conjocture  they  were  ap-  the  royal  family. 

peased  only  by  human  victims  at  first ;  but  597.  Ferebat  sese :  marche 

afterward   by   common   victims.      Perhaps  himself  along. 

tlieir  altar  may  be  so  called,  because  it  was  598.  Teneri  :  in  the  mom  • 

Ibe  aJtar  of  alonement,  aa  dlBtinguiihed  599.  Prmimdert :  to  oppoi 


iENEIS.    LIB.  IX.  485 

lostra  sibi  bello  connubia  poscunt !  600     600.  £11  homtmt  qnl 

JU8  lcdiiam,  quae  vos  denientia  adegit  l  putcunt 

Atridop  ;  nec  fandi  fictor  Ulysses. 
h  stirpe  genus.     Natos  ad  Humina  priroum 
us,  saevoque  gelu  duramus  et  undi^j 
invigilant  pueri,  sylvasque  fatiganl;  605 

i  ludus  equos,  et  spicula  tendere  comu.  006.  ^ommludiis  ut 

tns  operum,  parvoque  assueta  juventus, 
tris  tcrram  domat,  aut  quatit  oppida  bello. 
jvum  ferro  teritur,  ver«-ftque  juvenc^hn 
itigamus  hasti.     Nec  tarda  senectus  610 

t  vires  animi,  mutatque  vigorem. 
n  galeA  premimus  ;  semperque  recentet 

are  juvat  pra^Ias,  et  vivcre  rapto.  613.  Juvat  fiM 

cta  croco  et  fulgenti  murice  vestis ;  614.  Esi  vobit  vartii 

'cordi ;  juvat  indulgere  choreis ;  616  picta 

ae  manicas,  et  habent  redimicula  mitne.  At/^^^.^'^*"  '^  **" 

Phrygie,  neque  enim  Phryges !  ite  per  alta  ^ 

i,  ubi  assuetis  biforem  dat  tibia  cantum.  618.     Volns    tMuetia 

a  VOB  buxusque  vocant  Berecynthia  matris  ^^^  '^- 

Sinite  arma  viris,  et  cedite  ferro.  620  yj^\:  Aicaniu.  non  to- 

^     ^         ,.  ^.  ,.  lit    JVumanuiii    jactan 

jactantem  dictis,  ac  dira  canentem  1^0,^  i^ 

i  Ascanius :  nervoque  obversus  equino 

NOTES. 

»  Kreen  younelvea   behind   your  the  coverinff  of  thoso  parts  as  a  mart  of 

lave  yourselvea  from  deati.  Heyne  effeminacy.  This  ia  said  by  way  of  reproach. 
nfe.  The  common  readin^ia  morti,        617.  O  veriPhrygiOy  &c.     He  here  speakii 

offra  eoHnubia:  our  brides.     Thia  by  way  of  contempt,  calling  them  not  even 

allusion  to  the  case  of  Lavinia.  Phrygian  men,  but  Phrygian  women.     Tbe 

^ietor  fandi :    the    dissemblor    of  Phrygians  were  noted  for  tlieir  efiuminacy 

Fandi:  in  the  sense  of  vtrborum,  and  luzury.     See  £n.  iv.  216. 
iirum  gtnut:  but  we  are  a  hardy        618.  Dindyma:  neu.  plu.  sinj^.  Dindytmu^ 

our  origin.  a  mountain  in  Phrygia,  sacred  to  Cybele. 

enaiu :   for  venaiui.     See  Ecl.  v.  Hence  she  is  sometimes  called  Dindjfmint, 

giiani:  are  fond  of— have  a  special  Its  name  is  of  Greek  origin,  and  signifiea 

Fa/iganl  i!y/riw .' wearythewoods  double-topt — having  two    tops.      Btforem* 

ita  or  game  in  the  woods,  by  meton.  Some  understand  by  this  a  pipe  with  onlj 

wnu :  from  tke  bow.     Spicula :  in  two  stops :  others,  two  pipes  with  diflTeront 

of  tagiilat,  stopsi  which,  being  played  upon  together, 

i«ia/ .*  in  the  sense  of  ejrerce/.  ^ua^  made  very  indifferent  harmony.     Biforem 

b  ■enee  of  impugnai,  eanium :    discordant   music     Rusiu  say», 

trro:  with  the  sword;  that  is,  in  imparem. 

619.  7)fmpana:  neu.  plu..  timbrcls.  Bere- 

Uigttmusterga:  we  strike  the  backs  eynthia :  an  adj.  from  Bereeynihtu^  a  moun- 

[en,  ftc     So  constant  were  thcy  tain  and  castle  m  Phrygia,  sacrod  to  Cybele; 

e  of  their  arms,  that  they  did  not  who    sometimes   was    called    Bereeynihieu 

them  aside  when  engaged  in  agri-  Buxut:  properly,  the  box-wood;  by  meton. 

Phey  used  their  spears,  &c.  to  spur,  a  pipo  made  of  the  box-wood.     Thia  wood 

1  their  oxen  while  in  the  plough.  is   supposed   to  have  aboundod  on  mounl 

^uiai :  in  the  sense  of  pellii,  Bcrccjmthus. 

remimruy  &c.     By  this  we  are  to        620.  Jdaa:  an  adj.  from  Ida^  a  mountaai 

d  that  thoir  old  men  had  sufficient  just  back  of  Troy,  sacred   to  Cybele,  tho 

strength  of  nerve,  to  bear  arms.  mother  of  ^he  gods.     Hence  she  is  caUed 

apto:  the  plunder.  sometimes  Jdtut,    Siniie  :  in  the  sense  ef 

endite  eordi:  sloth  b  to   you  for  relinquite. 

ind  delighU  621.  Caneniem  dira:  uttering  soch  mdig* 

uniea  habent :    your   vests  have  nitiet) — such  reproaches.     Rueus  sayst  6- 

id  the  ribbons  of  the  mitre.    Othor  quentem, 

«rticolariy  the  Romans,  had  their        622.  £910110  nereo:  UiA  iXnn^  ^l  \i2i»^«« 

1  ao^s  naked,  and  iooked  upon  was  made  of  hotai 


486  P-  VIKGILU  filARONIS 

Contendit  telunif  divenaque  brachia  dooeni, 
Constitit,  antd  Jovem  supplex  per  vota  precati 
Jupiter  omnipotens,  audacibua  annue  cceptb. 
6S6.  Ego  ipffe  foram  Ipse  tibi  ad  tua  templa  feram  solemnia  dona, 
•olomnia  dona  tibi   ad  £t  statuam  ante  araa  aurati  fronte  mvencum 

Candentem,  pariterque  caput  cum  inatre  fereol 
Jam  cornu  petat,  et  pedibus  qui  spargat  arenaii 

630.  Goniior  Deanm      Audiit,  et  ccbU  genitor  de  parte  sereni 
^"^^^  Intonuit  levikm.     Sonat  uhi  letifer  arcua ; 

£t  fugit  horrendum  stridens  elapsia  sagittat 
Perque  caput  Remuli  venit,  et  cava  tempora  U 
Trajicit.     I,  verbis  virtuteni  iHude  siipeibis. 
Bis  capti  Phryges  hiec  Rutulis  rcsponsu  renutt 

636.  AMsniuf   Hxii  H,gc  tantikm  Ascanius.     1* eucri  clamore  sequii 
»c  tantum.  Laetitiftque  fremunt,  animosque  ad  sidera  toUoi 

iEthereA  tum  fort^  plagA  crinitus  ApoUo 
Desuper  Ausonias  acies  urbemque  videbat, 
Nube  sedens ;  atquq  his  victorem  ai&tur  iQlml 
Macte  nov4  virtute,  puer :  sic  itur  ad  astra, 
642.  Omnia  bella  ven-  Dts  genite,  et  geniture  Deos      Jure  omnia  bd 
tura  (aio,  Gente  sub  Assaraci  fato  ventura  resideni : 

Nec  te  Troja  capit.     Simul  haec  efiatus,  ab  al 
JSthere  se  nuttit,  spirantes  dimovet  auras, 
Ascaniumque  petit :  formi  tum  vertitur  oiis 
Antiquum  in  Buten.     Hic  Dardanio  Anchisa 
Armiger  antd  fuit,  fidusque  ad  Hmina  cusios : 
649.Tumpater.S;nea«  Tum  comitem  Ascanio  p&ter  addidit.     Ibat  k 
**^fi«^  ^*^'v    I  Omnia  longaevo  similis,  vocemque,  coloremqa 

axt^do^t*  ''''  Et  crines  albos,  et  s«va  sonoribus  arma  • 

Atque  his  ardentem  dictis  affatur  lulum  . 
Sit  satis,  iEneada,  telis  impune  Numanum 
Oppetiisse  tuis  :  primam  hanc  tibi  magnus  A] 

NOTES. 

()23.  Dueens  hrachia :  drawing  his  armg  founder  of  the  Trojan  raco. 

adunder.      This  is  the   posture  of  a  man  nius,  called  sometimes  lulus,  i 

drawing  the  bow  to  its  full  stretch.     Telum:  lius  and  Augustus  Caesar,  acco 

his  arrow.  gil,  both  of  whom  received  dii 

S^'!.  Jinti :  in  the  scnse  of  primum.  643.  Sub  gente  Auaraci :  i 

628.  Cadeiitem :  in  the  sense  of  candi-  milj  of  Assciracus.  He  waa 
dum.  family  of  Troy,  and  one  of  tb 

629.  Petat :  he  pushes — butts.  Ascanius.      Jure :    hj    justic 

631.  Intonuit  laevum:  the  left  thundered;  Hcre  is  an  allusion  to  the  un 
or  itthundered  on  the  lefl.  This  was  a  luckj  which  took  place  under  Ang 
omen.     Seo  Ecl.  i.  18.  beginning  of  the  Christian  en 

632.  Stridens:  whizzing  loud.  645.  SpirarUes:  blowing— i 

633.  Ferro :  /trrum^  hore,  the  point  of  the  646.  Oris  :  in  the  sense  of 
arrow,  which  was  tipt  wilh  iron  or  sleel —  md,  This  is  the  reading  of  V 
the  barb.  eus.     Hejne  reads,  formam, 

637.  Animos:  the  courage — valor  of  As-    tbe  easier. 

canius.  651.  Saca :   harah  in  loun 

638.  Plaga  :  here,  a  part,  or  quarter  o      sound. 

iho  sky  or  heaven.  652.  Ardentem :  fierce— ard 

641.  Macte:  go  on — persevere.     Sic  itur  fight. 

ad  aslra:  thus  men  arise  to  the  stars,  thou  653.  JEneada:  the  voc  of  t 

dcBcendant  of  the  gods,  &c.     By  great  and  JEneade^ :   the  son    of  JEnei 

noble  actionB,  men  obtain  immortality.     As'  without  injuring  thyself. 

eantut  descended  from  VenuBby  /Eneas  his  654.  Oppetiisse:  in  the  Ml 

iathcr,  and  from   Jove,  b^  DatdaxvMat  Vi^i^  iiu '^fSl  tcAAuit« 


iBNBn.    £IB.  IX.  WT 

^fOncedit  kudem,  et  panbQs  non  inTidet  srmi».  6M 

^  'Citttera  parce,  puer^  bello.     Sic  orsc»  Apollo^ 
lortalea  medio  aspectus  sormone  reliquit^ 
!<  j^rocul  in  tenuem  ex  oculis  eyanuit  auram. 
_  lov^  Deum  procerea  divinaque  tela 
I^M-danida;,  pharetramque  fugft  "sensdre  sonantera.      66D 
Er;^^  avidum  pugtm  dictis  ac  numine  Phcebi 
IrA^^^nium  prohibent :  ipsi  in  certamina  rursiis 
PUocedunt,  animasque  in  aperta  pericula  mittunt. 
1*^  danror  totis  per  propngnacula  muris. 
^t^ndunt  acres  arcus,  amentaque  torquent.  665 

^^rnitur  omne  soliim  telis :  tum  scuta,  cava^ue 
M^^^iit  sonitum  ffictu  galeae  :  pugna  aspera  surgit. 

^Uantus  ab  occasu  veniens  pluvialibus  ha^dis  668.   Quaiitiis  irabor 

^Wberat  imber  humum  :  qu^m  mult&  grandine  nimbi        veniens  pluvialibaii  b«- 
P  Jjjj  vada  praxsipitant,  ciim  Jupiter  horridus  Austris      670  ^  ***  oocaM  $oUm 
/^v^orquet  aciuosam  hyemem,  et  coelo  cava  nubila  rumpit. 
*•-'.       randarus  et  Bitias,  Idseo  Alcanore  creti, 
^uos  Jovis  eduxit  luco  sylvestris  Iliera, 
•Abietibus  juvenes  patriis  et  montibus  lequos, 

Tortam,  quse  dacis  imperio  commissa,  recludunt,        675     675.   Qun  oomnuMa 
FifCti  armis,  ultrdque  invitant  mcenibus  hostem.  ^^^  H^  imporio 

Ipsi  intus,  dextrft  ac  laevft,  pro  turribus  adstant,  .  ^^ 

Armati  ferro,  et  cristis  capita  alta  corusci.  .if.\««^l  ^^  VfH^ 

Quales  aSrise  hquentia  flumma  circum,  qualea    geminiB    aeriv 

Bve  Padi  ripis,  Athesim  seu  propter  amcenum,  680  quercui  consurgunt 

^  IfOTES. 

tf65.  Paribui  armu,  ApoHo,  when  a  child,  which  were  tbought  to  influence  the  wea* 

luHed  the  ■erpent  Pytbon  in  defenoe  of  his  tber,and  render  it  rainj.     Fenient:  arising 

mother,  aa  Ascamus  doea  here  If  umanua  in  tbrough  tbe  influence  of  the  rainy  kidn. 
4«feiice  of  his  country.    Dr.  Trapp  tbinka        670.  Jupiter :  in  the  lense  of  air,    Hor» 

puniut  ia  to  be  taken  in  a  qualified  sense :  ridtu :  black— deeplj  impregnated  with  va- 

Bol  equal  skill  or  glorj  in  arms,  but  of  the  por.    /n  vada :  upon  tbe  eea.    Ruieus  sajs, 

_  lUke  klnd  jr  sort  of  art  in  arms:  for  it  con  in  nuire. 

^  jBanllj  bo  supposed  that  be  would  compU-        672.  Jdao :  an  adj.  from  /do,  a  mountaio 

^  Bieftt  a  boj  to  the  disbonor  of  bimself.  of  Phrifgia, 

J,    456.  Cmteraparee:  hereailer,  boj,  abstain        674.  Jwenetaquot:  jouths  equal  to  thetr 

&oai  figbt — as  to  wbat  remains,  abstain,  Aec.  patemal  oaks  and  mountains.    Tbis  is  an 

S  ^9mif.'  bavinj^thus  «aid:  apart.  of  the  veib  hjperbole  to  donote  their  great  size  and 

E '  jtfrdwor.     Caiera :  in  tbe  sense  of  caterum  strenrth.    It  is  said  thej  were  brought  up 

IjL.  ^I  cteterh.  bj  Hiera.    Tumebus  conjecturos  it  sbould 

^'  l    65D.  Dardanidaproeeret :  the Trojan no-  be  Hjfona^  wbicb  is  a  beast  resembling  a 

^'   Um,  or  chiefs.    Uardamda :  a  snb.  used  wolf ;  because  it  is  said  tbat  Romulus  waa 

9LiAje€dve\y,  brougbt  up  bj  a  wolf.  Abietibut  ei  montilnu  : 

663.  Mitiunt  animat :  tbej  ezpose  tbeir  tbe  same  as  abietibut  montanit^  bj  bend. 

\     liTes,  &C.    Sueeeduni :  in  tbe  sense  of  re-        675.  Recluduni :  in  the  sense  of  aperiuni. 

^     deunt.  676.    JnvUani:    thej  invite — cballenge. 

,j         665.  Amenta,  Tbeso  were  properlj  a  kind  Thej  stand  in  the  entrance  of  tbe  gate,  and 

of  thongs,  tied  to  javelinst  bj  wbicb  tbej  defj  tho  enemj. 

mre  darted  oot  of  the  band.    Thej  served        677.    Pro  turribut:  like  towers— in  the 

lo  direct  tho  weapon  witb  more  certaintr.  room  or  place  of  towers :  or  perbaps  befbre 

Tbo  armenta  here  appears  to  be  used  for  tbe  towers. 

Um  darts  or  javelins  tbemselves ;  hy  meton.        680.  Padi,    Padus  or  Eridanus,  tbe  Poi 

dfcres :  elastic.  a  well  known  river  of  Italy,  of  considerable 

6d7.  Flietu :  in  the  sense  of  eof^ietu*  magnitude.    Athetim,    Tnis  river  rises  ia 

666.  Hadit,    The  hadu  or  kids,  are  two  the  AIps,  passes  through  Venice,  aud  (alb 

^laii  in  the  constellation  Auriga^  just  below  into  the  Adriatic,  not  fiur  from  the  montli  of 

ma  sibuttlder.     Tbe  rising  and  setting  of  fhe  Po. 


I' 


4f>8  P.  VlRGILn  MARONIS 

Consurgunt  geminae  quercus,  intonsaquo  ccdIo 
AttoUunt  capita,  et  subiimi  vertice  nutant 
Irrumpuni,  aditus  Rutuli  ut  vid^re  patentes. 
Continud  Quercens,  et  pulcher  Equicolus  armis, 
Et  prasceps  animi  Tmarus,  et  Mavortiua  Haemoi 
686.  Totis  agminibui  Agminibus  totis  aut  versi  terga  ded^re, 
*^***"*  Aut  ipso  portae  posuere  in  limine  vitam. 

Tum  magis  increscunt  animis  discordibua  ine : 

£t  jam  collecti  Troes  glomerantur  eddem^ 

Et  conferre  manum,  et  procurrere  longiils  audo 

Ductoii  Turno  diversil  in  parte  furenti^ 
Turbantique  viros,  perfertur  nuntius,  hostero 
Fervere  cffide  novA,  et  portas  pnebere  patentea. 
Deserit  inceptum,  atque  immani  concitus  irft 
Dardaniam  ruit  ad  portam,  fratresque  superbos. 
696.  Ex  primum,  ja-  Et  primum  Antiphaten,  is  enim  se  primua  ageb 
«ilo    conjecto,    sternii  Thebanft  de  matre  nothum  Sarpedonis  alti, 
Antiphaten,  nothum  alti  /^      •     .       ^       *.  •        t  tr   i  a  r^  i 

&arihBdoni.  de  Theban&  Conjecto  stermt  jaculo.     Volat  Itala  comus 

matre,  enim  Aera  per  tenuem^  stomachoque  infixa  sub  altun 

Pectus  abit :  reddit  specus  atri  vulneris  undam 

Spuniantem,  et  fixo  ferrum  in  pulmone  tepescit 

Tum   Meropem  atque  Erymantha  manu ;   tu 

Aphydnum : 

7051.  Tuin  siemii  Bi-  Tum  Bitian  ardentem  oculis,  animisque  fremenl 

^*^  Non  jaculo  ;  neque  enim  jaculo  vitam  ille  dedia 

Sed  magnum  stridens  contorta  fidarica  venit, 

NOTES. 

6G1.  Oeniin^jt  aeriat  qutmis :  as  two  aeri-  one  here  alluded  to  was  in  Atiam 

al  oaks  rise  around,  Stc.     This  is  a  fine  si-  sovereignty  of  which  was  long  d 

niilu.     it  is  taken  froin  Hoiner,  Iliad  xi.  tween  the  Lydians  and  Mjsians. 

685    PrcFctps.     Ruffius  says,  temerarixis,  an  illegitimate  son. 

688.  Tum  ir(E  :  then  rage  increascs  more  698.    Comus :    the   comeil-tri 

and  more  in  the  hoHtilc  minds  of  the  Tro-  javelin  or  dart  made  of  the  wo 

jans.     Discordihits:  in  Ihe  sense  of  Ao«/t/i-  tree,  by  meton. 

bits.     RutBUs  Kays,  infensis.  700.  Specus  airi  vulneris :  thi 

690.  Conferre  manum :  to  engage  in  close  the  dark  wound  emits,  &c.     Spi 

conibat :  a  phrase.  pcrly  a  den  or  cave,  which  is  ui 

692.  Turbanti :  routing — driving  before  and  gloomy.  This  idea  the  po< 
him.  to  the  wound  made  by  the  jave 

693.  Fervere :  rage  with  uncommon  slaugh-  nus.  Some  copies  have  sangu 
tar.  Ferveie  Hignifies  to  be  hot — to  be  busi-  room  of  vulneris.  In  this  case,  ( 
ly  engagod — also,  to  rage.  J^ova:  uncom-  nu  must  be  govemed  by  undam^ 
mon — unuBual.  Rueus  says,  reeenti.  But  speeus ;  which  wou4d  signify  thi 
he  takes /erverf,  in  the  sense  otanimari :  to  sclf.  The  common  reading  is  rtii 
be  animated — encouraged.  Prabere :  in  the  py  takes  specus  for  the  wound 
■ense  of  qfferre  vel  dare.  gaping  wound.     Undam :  a  strei 

694.  Deserit :  in  the  sense  of  relinquit.  blood.     Reddit :  in  tho  sense  of 

695.  Snperbos  fratres  :  Pandarus  and  Bi-  701.  Fixo  :  in  the  sense  of  trt 
tias,  mentioned  above,  the  sons  of  Alcanor.  703.  Ardentem:  flashinfirfire  w 

696.  Agebatse:  presented  himself — took  704.  Nonjacnlo  enim.,&c.  T 
himselfalong.  of  this  line  is :  that  Turnus  did  i 

697.  Sarpedonis.  Sarpedon  was  thc  re-  with  an  ordinary  javelin,  for  he 
puted  soD  of  Jupiter.  Honce  the  epithet  have  yicld'»^  his  life  to  a  javelli 
atii^  high,  or  nobly  born.  He  was  king  of  havehad  noeffecton  him.  Theotl 
Lycia^and  assisted  Priani  against  the  Greeks.  ed  with  his  hand — with  an  ordtna 
ThtJtana:  an  adj.  from  Thebes.  There  were  705.  Falarica.  This  was  an  c 
several  cities  of  that  name ;  one  in  Egypt,  of  javelin,  bound  about  with  wi 
ojjo  m  Beotia,  and  one  in  Thessaly.    The  was  usually  shot  out  of  an  enfp 


i 


£N£1S.    LiB.  IX.  480 

ihniniH  acta  modo  ;  quam  nec  duo  taurea  tergai 

9C  duplici  Rquam&  lorica  fidelis  et  auro 

ndnuit :  co]!apsa  ruunt  immania  membra. 

it  tellus  gemitum,  et  clypeum  super  intonat  ingons.  709.    Intonat    niper 

jalis  in  Eubolco  Baiarum  litore  quondam  710  eum, 

^na  pila  cadit,  mairniii  quam  molibus  antd  "^^^"  ^***"*  conitnie. 

^  •     •      .         .  •     •!■  tam    ant€    honunu    ia« 

Miatructam  jaciunt  ponto :  sic  illa  rumam  ^^1^^  «i«»w»«  j 

vna  trahit,  penitusque  vadis  illisa  recumbit.  712.   Sic  ilU  cad^ns 

iicent  se  maria,  et  nigrce  attoUuntur  arene.  prona 

nn  sonitu  Prochyta  alta  tremit,  durumquo  cubile  716 

arime  Jovis  imperiis  imp68ta  TyphoDO.  716.  Inarini«»que  im- 

Hic  Mars  annipotens  animum  viresque  Latinis  P*«^  '^ll^^^^  ^^  *!"• 

lcKdit,  et  s&imulos  acres  sub  pectore  yertit :  T^JT/rJit^/    '"*^'"' 

misitque  fugam  Teucris,  atrumque  timorem.  if 

jdique  conveniunt  quoniam  data  copia  pugn«  ;  720  J^^^^-^j^;  ^rnil" 

Ilatorque  animo  Deus  mcidit.  copia  pupi«    dato   ta 

ndanis,  ut  fuso  germanum  corpore  cernit,  ipsit 
quo  sit  fortuna  loco,  qui  casus  agat  res, 
ilam,  vi  multi  converso  cardine,  torquet^ 

NOTE8. 

MM  towert  for  the  purpoee  of  aetting^  to  ai,  woold  be  a  novel  way  of  makiug  ■ 

m  on  fire.     To   show    the   prodigioue  dam  or  pier  in  the  water. 

Mgth  of  Tumus,  the  poet  intimates  that  714.  Miscent  9€ :  in  the  ■enae  ofhirbaniur. 

W9M  cast  by  him.     To  expreee  the  rapi-  715.  ProcAjf/a;  anialandiyingtoihcsoath 

f  aiila  flight,  \n*  tays,  it  flew  like  a  thun-  of  the  promontory  Mitmut^  aiid  formerly 

^«boli:  wwdo  futniinit,  eeparated  from  the  main  land,  by  an  earth- 

fW.  Aeta :  driven— aent.    Mudo  :  m  the  quake,  accordin|i^  to  Pliny.     Ite  name  ia  oi 

«e  of  fnore.  Greek  origin.  Hodie^  Proeida,   Alta :  high, 

r07.  Jhipliei  tqiuund,     The   platee  of  a  in  refereuce  to  its  aurface.     Or,  alta  may 

It  of  mail  were  called  tquama^  from  their  be  taken  in  the  aenee  of  alti  vel  profundh 

■■ibUnce  to  scales.     Sqtuima  tt  auro :  for  Ruieua  sava,  intima,     Heyne  dbiiervea,  that 

hmtqunma^  by  hend.     Fidtlit:  trusty —  alta  may  be  conBidored  ae/an  epithet  prnper 

lllfbl.     It  had  hitherto  protected  him  in  for  all  islands,  inaamuch  as  they  are  eleva- 

inr.  ted  or  raiaed  above  the  aea,  or  surface  ol 

Ife.  Ruunt :  in  the  seniie  ofeadunt,   Col"  the  water :  aita^  epitheton  eommune  omnium 

IHI.*  ftiling — losing  their  strenffth.  intutarumy  quatenut  mari  emineni. 

1M.  Intonai^kjo.     These  words  may  be  716.  Inarime.  This  is  a  high  nnd  elevateo 

Wtred :  he,  falling  upon  hia  mighty  shield,  island,  laying  to  the  west  of  Prochy ta.   Thie 

piden ;  or,  hia  mighty  shieid  falling  upon  paMage  is  taken  from  Homcr,  Iliad  ii.  283 

k|  fte.     Ciypeum :  the  MLine  with  clypeiu,  T^pkao,    TjrphoBua  waa  oiie  of  the  gianta 

Ib  panage  is  imitated  from  Hoiner,  lliad  that  attempted  to  ecale  heavcn,  and   waa 

SH  signally  punishod  by  Jove  for  tho  audaciona 

!TUI.  Euboieo  litore  Baiarum,    Baia  was  attempt. 

^flMe  in  Campania,  famous  for  its  foun-  718.    Kertii   aeret:    he  tums  his  eharp 

tm  of  warm  water,  aituated  in  the  upper  apura  under  their  breast.    This  is  a  meta- 

IR  of  the  Siwu  jiTeapoiitanut,  near  the  phor  taken  from  the  application  of  the  epur 

iMootory  Mitenut.    A  colony  from  Chal-  to  the  sidea  of  the  horse,  to  increase  hia 

\  «D  the  island  Eubcea,  hodie^  J^rgroponty  speed  and  courage. 

■■ded  the  city  Cumet^t  not  far  from  this  719.  Atrum:  in  the  sense  of  horridum 

bet.     Hence  Ihe  shoro  is  called  Eubcean,  grim — ghastly. 

mU»n  frc.     The  meaning  is :  that  Betias  720.  Copia :  in  the  sense  of  opporiunitat. 

I  Gke  ^  mass  of  rocks,  which  hsd  been  721 .  Ineidit :    in  the  sense  of  tubtit  vd 

ill  np  to  a  great  height,  and  cast  into  the  iilairitur, 

M%  fer  the  purpose  of  forining  a  dam  or  722.  Corporefuto :  with  his  body  strctch- 

VRer  to  the  water.  ed   on  the   ground.     Ut :  in  the  scnse  uf 

f  II.  Moiibut:  for  a  dam  or  pier.  quando. 

TI3L  Pronn:  in  the  scnse  of  ra /ctu.    ///i-  723.  Comi :  misfortune — danerer.    A^al : 

?  daahing  upon  the  watcr.     Penittu :  in  attends  thcir  aifairs — rules — guvoms.     Rii. 

ft  iMMe  of  prvfunde.     Rteumbit :  it  sinks  leus  says,  impeliat, 

tp  to  the  botiom — it  rests^  Sic.    This,  724.  Torqutt:  he  «lmu>  the  ^aiUa. 


^  P.  yHUM^I  MAAONIS 

Obnixffiiktishumerbr:  muhcMqQe  suoraiki 
McBnibus  exclusos  duro  in  certamhie  KnqtiH ; 
Ast  alios  secum  indudit,  recipitque  ruentes : 
Demens !  qtd  Rutulum  irt  medio  non  agmine  reg 
7W.   Iiiclusorf     eim  Viderit  irrumpentem,  ultr6que  incluserit  urbi : 
uibU  vehiti  Immanem  veluti  pecora  inter  inertia  tigrim. 

Continu<^  nova  lux  oculis  effuMt,'  et  arma 
HorrendAm  sonu^re :  tremunt  in  i^ertice  cristie 
.    Sanguines,  clypeoque  mieantia  fulgura  mittunt. 
Agnoseunt  faciem  invisAm  atque  immania  meB 
Turbati  subitd  ifineadae.     Tum  Pandarris  irtgem 
Emicat,  et,  mortis  fhiterrtas  fbrvidus  irft, 
Effatur :  Non  hsec  dotalis  regia  Amats ; 
Woc  muris  cohibet  patriis  m^a  Ardea  Tumum 
TS9.  B$i  nulla  potet-  Castra  inimica  vid^ :  nulla  hinc  exire  potestas. 
•■■  Olli  subridens  sedato  pectoi^  Tumus : 

Incipe,  si  qua  animo  virtus,  et  cortsere  dextrani 
Hic  etiam  inventum  Priamo  narrabis  Achillem. 
Dixerat.     Ule  rudem  nodis  et  cortice  crudo 
Tntorquet,  spmmis  adnixus  viribus,  hastam. 
.  Excep^re  aur»  vulnus :  Saturnia  Juno 
Detor^t  veniens  ;  portsq«ie  infigitur  faasta. 
At  rtoit  hoe  tehim,  mea  qnod  vi  dextera  versat^ 
Efitigies :  neque  enim  is  teli  nec  vulneris  auetoi 
749  Bio  TVimtif  ait :  Sic  ait :  et  sublatum  alt^  consurgit  m  ensemf 
et  eoiiiurgit  g^  mediam  ferro  gemina  inter  tempora  firoDtem 

Dividit,  impubesque  immani  vuhiere  malaa. 

NOTES. 

7^6.  Ditro  :  m  the  scnse  of  morttfero,  nus,  and,  with  her,  the  kingdom 

731.  Continub  nora  liix^  &c.     Davidson     The  verb  et/  ia  to  be  supplied. 
efcrs  tliis  to  the  cyes  of  the  Trojans,  and         738.  Ardta.     The  capital  city 

not  to  thosc  of  Tumuf      The  comcliness  of  tuli.     Media :  the  middle  or  ceo 

his  person  and  tho  brightncss  of  his  arms  dominionB.     Cokibel :  in  the  sei 

rendcrcd  him  casy  to  be  distinguished  by  Palriit)  patemal  walls. 

the  enemy.     New   light  struck  their  eyes.  741.  Consere   dexiram:  enga 

Both  Dt.  Trapp  and  Ruaeus  refer  it  to  Tur-  hand  with  mo. 

nus.   .  Rusus   says,  novum   lumen   emicuit  742.  Etiam :  also— as  well  ai 

er  oculis  Tumi.  Greeks. 

732.  Tremunt :  wave.  743.  Hastam  rudem :  a  spear 

733.  Micanlia  :  glcaming — reflecting  from     knots,  Hcc. 

his  shicld.     Mittuni :   in  the  sense  of  mit-  745.  Fuinus :  in  the  sense  o 

tunt  se :  tlirows — darts  itsclf  at  a  distance.  meton. 

Davidson  and  Rureus  rcad  mt7/t7,  roferring  746.  Detorsit :  tumed  it  asidi 

to  Tumus.     Hcyne  reads  mittunt^  agreoing  in  the  sense  of  inlerveniens. 

wlth  fulgura  \n  tho  nom.    If  we  read  mittit^  748.  Enim  neque  aueior  teli 

fuUrtira  will  bo  tho  acc.  plu.  govcmed  by  the  ownor  of  tho  weapon,  nor  t 

thit  vcrh.  the  stroke,  is  the  same.     He  fai 

WJHil  foUows  of  tho  fcats  of  Tumus  is  in  the  strength  of  his  body,  an 

astoiiishingly  grand.     But  it  may  be  object-  of  his  arm.     Vuineri»:  in  tbe  • 

ed.   liiui   tlio    story  is    beyond  probability.  It :  in  the  sense  of  ufem. 

We  arc  to  recoliect,  however,  tliat  it  is  al-  749.  ConsurgU :  he  rises  up< 

lowaliic  in  poctry  to  go  beyond   real  life  :  raisod  high.    He  lifts  up  his  swi 

aiid,  beside,  ho  is  assi.sted  in  his  amazing  oz-  on  tiptoc,  to  give  greater  forc« 

pioits  by  a  divino  powcr.  ^^ite  may  be  connected  with  eom 

737.  Flctc  non  dotalis  regia  :   this  is  not  latum,     The  sense  is  the  same  i 

liie  paJacc  of  Amala,  pronused  as  a  dowry  750.  Mediam  froniem  :    hifl 

to  thce.     It  was  the  purpose  of  Amata  to  middle  between,  &c 

bcstovf  \uiT  daughter  Larinia  u^on  Tuc  751.  Impuites  r  beardl^ 


ASttKiS.    tSi.  IX.  491 

nm :  mgenti  concussa  est  pondere  tellus. 

»808  artus  atque  arma  cruenta  cerebro 

t  humi  nioriens:  atque  illi  partibus  eequis  754.  A^^uecapal  pe- 

aput  atque  illuc  humero  ex  utroque  pependit  76fi  P®"****   ^   stinum  in 

iunt  vere:  trepidA  fortiiidine  Trocs.  "^"^  P^*»"*  >^«« 

oontinu6  victorem  ea  cura  subisset, 

0*%  claustra  manu,  sociosque  immittere  portis, 

is  ille  dies  bello  gentique  fuisset.  759.  Gentiqiie  TV^a- 

ror  ardentem  ccdisque  insana  cupido  760  norum. 

1  adversos. 

icipio  Phalarim,  et,  succiso  poplite,  Gygen  763.  Hinc  ingerit  lio- 

t :  hinc  raptaa  fugientibus  ingerit  hastas  ^  raptaB  ab  oeeiiu  m 

rum :  Juno  vires  animumque  ministrat.  ^^S^^  n     •«       •«.•   • 

Halyn  coraitero,  et  confixA  Phegea  parmft :  -765  J^;  frAe^l^^S 

•s  demde  m  muris,  Martemque  cientes,  parma  confixa 

Irumque  Haliumque  No^monaque  Prytanimque.         766.    Deinda    oeniu 

1  tendentem  contrii,  sociosque  vocanteni,  Alcandnimque,  kc,  ij;- 

iti  gladio  connixus  ab  aggere  dexter  ^«JJ^"  '>"*  ingrtuiu  m 

at :  huic  uno  dejectum  cominus  iciu  770     759   Connixua  dexter 

;a1cft  longd  jacuit  caput     Inde  ferarum  ab  a^f^ero,  Tumut  occa 

3rem  Amycum,  quo  non  felicior  alter  pat  Lyncea 

5  tela  manu,  ferrumque  armare  vcneno:  771.Indeocetrfi^Amj- 

tium  iEoliden.  et  amicum  Cretea  Musis :  *^3!»^   r^*        jv.  r^, 

xx  -^  wi»i.      774.  Et  oceidti   Cly- 

Musarum  comitem :  cui  carmma  semper         776  Hqq,  "^ 

arce  cordi,  numerosque  intendere  nervis  ;  775.  Cui  camuna,  •! 

r  equos,  atque  arma  virCkm,  pugnasque  canebat.      cithanB  /uerani  Mmper 

dem  ductores,  audit&  caede  suorum,  ^lSL  u 

niunt  Teucri,  Mnestheus  acerque  Serestufl ;  J    vV^^H^^^J"^ 

ssque  vident  socios,  hostemque  receptum.         780  ^^\i .  ^^^  deinde  im 

esthcus,  Qu6  deinde  fugam  ?  qu6  tenditia  ?  inquit,  gUit  fugam  ? 

NOTES. 

^Ui:  in  the  sense  of  t7/na.   His  hoad        771.  Captii  kme.     The  same  as,  Aif  «* 

c.    Siemit :  he  brings  to  the  ground.  eapvi :  the  dat.  in  the  tenae  of  the  ^riu 
says,  trahit,  772.  Felieior:  more  akilful — expert. 

Subhset  victorem:  had  the  thought        773.  Ungere:  to  anoint.    Manu:  art* 

ito  thc  mind  of  the  victor  to  burst,  skill,  by  meton.     The  practice  of  poiaoiiiiif 

InuMtra :   the  bars  of  the  gate — the  arrowg,  and  other  missive  weapons,  obtained 

ilf.  among  aome  nations   of  antiquity.      It  ii 

Egit  in  advertot :  drove  him  furious  said  to  be  done  at  the  presont  dav  by  somc 

18  foes.      Ho  could   not  resist  the  tribes  of  Indians,  and  some  of  tho  barba- 

ion  of  pursuing  his  revenge  on  his  rous  nations  of  Afnca.    Ferrum :  the  point 

,  whcn  they  were  ilill  in  his  view.  or  barb. 

Kxcipil :    in  tho  sense  of  interjieit,        774.  JEoliden,    He  was  skilfiil  at  playing 

ives  or  surprises  them  with  death.  on  wind  instruments.    He  is  therefore  ealled 

in  the  sense  of  intorquei^  veljacii.  metaphorically  the  son  of  £oIus.    Tbere 

gnarot:  ignorant  of  his  being  within  is  a  propriety,  thorefore,  in  joining  him  with 

lIIs.     Not  thinking  of  danger,  and  Creteut^  who  was  a  distinguished  mosician, 

^ining  that  Tumus  and  death  were  and  consequently  a  friend  and  companion 

Uiem.    Cientet:  rousing  tho  martial  of  the  muses.     Creiea^  Lpneea^  Ph^ea^  are 

of    his  friends— encouraging  the  Greek  accusatives. 

776.  Iniendere  numerot :   to  apply  notet 

Tendentem  eonira :  meeting   him —  to  the  strings  of  the  lyre — to  apply  verse  to 

Dpposite  to  him.  music.      Ruasua  says,   edere  tonot  eAordit. 

Dexter:  on  the  right  hand :  or,  dex-  Cordi:  for  a  delight.      Ciiharaf  may  hero 

kilful.  mean  musical  tnstruments  m  general. 
"heupat:  recoivee— takes.    Inierei^        781.  Qu^  detfMte/tigam?  '?i\«i^TAT\^erC^ 

Raeas.  ye  dkeGl  7001  f^W     ^ri^  W9%  ^^ 


4112  P-  YIRGILn  MARONIS 

Quos  alioci  muros,  quie  jam  ultrk  mcenia 
7R3.  Unut  horoo,  «t  Unus  homo,  vestris,  6  cives,  undique  septus 
itit  iwptui  vefltris  agge-  Aggeribua,  tantas  strages  impune  per  urbem 
rioii*  undique  Ediderit  ?  juvenum  primos  tot  miserit  Orco  ? 

Non  infelicis  patriae,  veterumque  Deorum, 
787.  N  »n  niiserotque  Et  magni  iEnes,  segnes,  miseretque  pudetque  ? 
piidetque  ww,  O  negnes,      Talibus  accensi  firmantur,  et  agmine  denso 

"*!JoJf*m  I  ,'     Consistunt.     Tumus  paulatim  excedere  pugnft, 

789.  Turnui  Daiuatun  „    ^     .  ■      ,  •      «^  • 
^iuit                           ^^  fluvium  petere,  ac  partem  quae  cmgitur  amm. 

791.  Teucri  ineipiuni  Acrius  h6c  Teucri  clamore  incumbere  magno, 

auiius  hdc  Et  glomerare  manum.     Ceu  saevum  turba  leonenr 

Cilim  telis  premit  infensis :  at  territus  ille 

Asper,  acerb^  tuens,  retrd  redit :  et  neque  terga 

»5.  Nec  ille  est  potii  ira  dare  aut  virtus  patitur;  nec  tendere  contrii 

tendere  contri  per  tela  m^  quidem  hoc  cupiens,  potis  est  per  tela  virosqi 
j^u^    quidem     cu.  ^^^^  ^,.^^^  ^^^  ^^^.^  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^ 

Improperata  refert ;  et  mens  exaestuat  irft. 
Quin  etiam,  bis  tum  medios  invaserat  hostes ; 
Bis  confusa  fugft  per  muros  agmina  vertit, 
Sed  manus  d  castris  properd  coit  omnis  in  unum 
Nec  contrk  vires  audet  Satumia  Juno 
803.  Sufficcre  vire»  et  Suflicere  :  aeriam  cceIo  nam  Jupiter  Irim 

oontra  Ttucrat.  Demisit,  gcmians  haud  molha  jussa  ferentem ; 

Ni  Turnus  cedat  Teiicrorum  mcenibus  alus. 
«06.     ErjTo    juveni»  Ertr6  iiec  clypeo  juvenis  subsistere  tantum, 

wilet  «ibeieiiere  tantuin  ^^^  ^^^^^^  y^jg^ .  injectia  sic  undique  telis 

nec  dextr&  "^    ^  ^^^^^  Obruitur.     Strepit  assiduo  cava  tempora  circum 

Tinnitu  galea,  et  sa.xis  solida  sra  fatiscunt : 
810.  JuboB  tunt  dis-  Disciissft)qiie  jubfu  capiti ;  nec  suflicit  umbo 

*^****®  Ictibus:  ingeiniiiant  hastis  et  Troes,  ct  ipse 

Fulmineus  Mnestheus.     Tum  toto  corpoie  sudo 

NOTES. 

is  a  bitter  8arraHni.    It  implies  that  thcy  had  794.  Acerha :   an  adj.  ncu.  pla. 

already  tled  intu  their  cainp,  and  shut  tliein-  an   advcrb.     This   is    common  a 

Bclves    up    through    fcar,  within    thcir    in-  poets.       Tuent^  a   part.  of  tueof 

trenchmcnts.      Tendiiu :   in    the   senRe    of  fiercely. 

ibitis.  795.  Tendere  contra :  to  go  for^ 

784.  Agf!;eribus:  in  the  sense  of  muru.  790.  Jmproperata :  slo\v---delib 

785.  Edidrrit :  in  the  senBo  of  effecerit,  tn,  ncgativum,  and  properatus, 

787.  Segncs:  cowards.  Rucpub  says,  O,  800.  Con/tMa:  confuscd — disor^ 
tnertes.  It  is  hottcr  to  considcr  se^nes^  as  abus  and  some  others  read  eonven 
the  voc.  than  the  acc.  a^reeing  with  vos  un-  801.  In  unum :  against  him  alo 
derstood,  and  governoJ  by  the  vcrbs  miseret  unitcs.     Of  con^  and  eo. 

and  pudet.      It  \h  niore  animated,  and  more         805.  A"i  7\«miM.     A  thrcat  is 

in  thc  spirit  of  addrcss.  or  iinplied  in  the  words,  haud  m 

788.  firmr/ri/Txr  •  in  the  sense  of  aniTnan-  data  ;    which    would  be   pul  in 
tnr.     By  thtse  words  of  Mnpstlieus  thc  Tro-  unlcss  Turnus  retired  from  the  Tr 
jans    wcrc    cnrouragcd,    and    rallicd ;    and         809.  Tlnnitu:  ringing.      Strep 
again  rcturnod  to  Iho  attack.  sense  of  sonat. 

790.  Partnn:  the  part  of  the  walls  which  810.  Jubce  :  the  plumes  or  f 
V  aa  bounded  by  tho  river.  his    helmet.      These    werc  strucl 

791.  Hnc    arriits^  &c.      This    rctreat    of  head.     Umbo,     The    boss   or   exl 
Tumus  sravc  coura|To  to  thc  Trojans,  who  of  the  shicld,  by  synec.  the  wh 
bejjon  to  prc^js  uprH  him  niorc  closely,  and  Tliis  is  not  able  lo  withstand  tfa 
to  fcnn  a  baiid  akoiit  him  with  a  view  to  tlic  miasivc  weapons. 
kurroiMid  iiiiii,  and  take  hin  prisonor.  81'2.  Fulmineiu:    in  the  sense 

'^(fJ.  Turha :  a  «iompany    f  hxmloTa.  The  TrojauF,  with  Mnestheua  at ' 


iENElS.    LIB.  TX. 


49J 


uitur,  et  piceum,  nec  respirare  potestas, 
Dien  agit :  fessos  quatit  aeger  anlielitus  arttis. 
n  (.emikra  preceps  saltu  sese  omiiibus  armis 
luvium  dedit.     Ille  suo  cum  gurgite  flavo 
repit  venientem,  ac  mollibus  extulit  undis ; 
lclum  sociifl  ablutA  ciede  remisit. 


NOTES. 


8fS.  Nee  er/  potestat 
4ik  respirare 
A|B  816*  nie^/fuvtitf  sroe- 
pit  eum  Tenieniem  otuii 
■ao  flayo  gur^t««,  «c  ot- 
tulit  etim  moUibue  ■iiNiie, 
et  reiiiisit  ettm  l»tam  eo- 
ciis,  c»de  ablutA. 


sk  Tumus  wilh  such  fuir  that  he  is 
>le  to  maintain  hia  gl^una.  Hii  aolid 
V  of  braM  ia  bruiaea  and  shattered  by 
leavjr  atonee  hurled  at  him ;  his  plumea 
from  hie  head ;  his  truaty  shield  begina 
.ve  way ;  and  the  enemy  to  repeat  their 
tea  wjtii  redoubled  fury,  with  darta  and 
n.  lu  this  situation,  worn  out  with 
oe,  aJid  panting  for  breath,  he  flinga 
•1f  into  the  Tiber,  and  retume  in  safety 
ecamp. 

4.  jigii  pieewn  Jlumen :  poure  a  black 

ly  stream.     Turnui  swoat  ao  copioualy 

it  fell  from  him  in  a  stream.    Mingled 


with  dust,  which  would  adhere  to  hu  bodj 
it  tfccame  toujph  and  clammy  like  pitch^  aoc 
nearly  of  a  similar  color.  JEger  anheiiiui. 
This  ia  tuch  a  difficulty  of  breathing  aa  tbey 
hare,  who  are  eickly,  and  aathmatic. 

816.  lUe  tuo  gurgiie,  Thia  ia  extremely 
beautiful.  The  poet  repreaenta  the  riTer 
£od,  expanding  hia  gully  bosom  to  reoeiTe 
Tumus,  and  bearing  him  off  iu  aafety  apoa 
his  waves. 

818.  Cade  abluld:  the  blood  beinff  waehed 
off.  Not  tho  blood  from  any  wounds  he  had 
rcceiyed ;  but  firom  thoee  wounds  whieh  bf 
had  inflicted. 


QUE8TI0NS. 


ow  in  this  book  distinguished  from  all 

rcst* 

Huit  doee  Turous  in  the  mean  time  ? 

loes  he  attempt  to  buro  the  Trojan  ships? 

^hat  becomes  of  them .' 

t  vehose   particular   request   was   this 

ited  to  them  ? 

'hat  docs  Dr,  Trapp  obsenre  of  this  pas- 

>ea  he  consider  it  a  blemish  to  the  book? 
'  H'hotn  is  Turaus  roused  to  arms  ? 
•    what    does    the  poet   compare    the 
bing  of  his  troops? 
berc  does  the  Ganges  empty  ? 
^ftt  is  it»  Icngth  ? 
bat  course  does  it  run  ? 
what  light  is  it  considered   by  thoee 
Viye  near  it? 
bere  does  the  Nile  rise  ? 
^iere  does  it  empty  ? 
nd  by  how  many  mouths  ? 
^  effect  has  it  upon  the  fertility  of 


thMi 


occasions  its  inundations  ? 
I  this  a  ftne  comparison  ? 
(iying   failed  to   bum  the  fleet,  what 
m  does  Turaus  determine  to  pursue  ? 
^ls  tnere  any  prodigy  in  the  heavens  at 
lime^ 

liat  was  that  prodigj  ? 
'bat  effect  had  it  upon  the  Trojans  ? 
Iwt  effect  had  it  upon  the  Rutulians  ? 
4  Turous  make  an  address  to  his  men 
i  tbe  occaslt^n  ? 
Imi  effect  had  it  npon  tbem  ? 
ImI  ie  tbe  eharacter  of  that  speecb  ' 


At  the  coodiiaiaii,  what  does  ho 
mend  to  his  men  ? 

When  does  he  resolye  to  attaok  tho 
of  the  Trojans  ? 

What  onlers  dooo  he  give  to  bo  obeonrod 
during  the  night  ? 

What  is  the  condition  of  the  Trojaaof 

What  do  they  in  the  mean  time  T 

Is  there  any  proposition  made  to  roool* 
£neos? 

By  whom  was  it  made  ? 

Who  were  Nisus  and  Euryalus? 

Had  any  mention  been  niade  of  tfaoif 
friendship  before  ? 

In  what  book  ? 

And  upon  what  occasion  ? 

What  is  the  character  of  this  episodo  f 

How  many  lines  does  it  occupy  ? 

In  what  state  does  the  poet  ropresoiit  Iho 
Rutulian  camp  during  the  night? 

Which  of  the  two  friendn  is  the  elder? 

Do  they  pass  peaceably  througb  tho  obo- 
my*s  camp  ^ 

Whatthendid  thoy  do? 

How  long  did  they  cootinuo  the  eiaagh 
ter* 

Oid  they  both  mako  their  eocapo  ffom 
the  camp  ? 

What  preyented  Euiyaliis  fVom  aoeompo 
ny ing  Nisus  ? 

By  whom  was  he  taken  prisoner  ? 

Who  commanded  this  troop  of  horso  f 

Where  was  Nisus  during  theee 
tions? 

Whon  he  perceiyed  his  friend  lo  bo 
ingt  what  ooarso  did  ho  piuoiio' 


p.  V4;i^|y^[  UARONis 


WttMM  fooBd  Uh  In  Oa  haadi  «r  th* 
wiMy,»bMdaiM4o? 
KlwndidlwUir 
Wha  lAatkiitUa  199  thi  qM  l>r 

towtNMB  «M  GujmtH  lUllir 

Wh^  te  fiMad  h*  »u  ■M  to  b>  UIM, 
MlflMt  dkcwnr  Uwlff 
DU  hi  BidM  i^  ■PFmI  to  tha  mwbij 

■pMtUlMMMMf  . 

WlMt  WH  kk  oUMt  iB  dau  Odi  f 
VaakU  10  MH  Ui  lUh,  T^  - 


«hwdidhiUI? 

Vu  bi  riifai  Unatf  B^? 

«wt  H  tbi  «buHiM  «nUi  ■piMd»  r 

b  it  oUMtiauU»  i>  m  HMMi? 
mBtM  thB  filMdpU  poMdi  ar  O^M- 

HMf 
JUtta  ntam  of d»,«lial  dMiTopaa  i»? 

■      fa.wbatwardidtteTr4iHlMnirih« 
diuh  of  NiH«  Mid  Enmla*  ! 

ma  •«Mt  bid  tho  MMi  iVOB  Iho  Bo- 
ihMorEnTilM? 

Bow  WH  ^  •oHlorad  atlhat  dmof 
Wut  ofia  h>d  tho  d|^  ofUi  hNd  npM 

la  wbM  ligU  mu 
OMndMod? 
W  bu  Ii  tha  ehonotw  qf  tUi  i 


What  wa*  tha  chajBctar  i>f  Ifaii 
'Were  Ibr  enn-aj  lopulned  in  tli 
What  feBla  of  valoi  did  Turnu 
Whal  effDct  bad  ihe  bonung  ol 

Bpon  tiie  Troj»n»r 

Bf  whom  wu  it  let  on  fire  ? 
AOer  ihis,  wu  Uie  unult  reno 
W»B  Mny  pfttt  of  the  Troju 

time,  without  Uie  ritmpartB  ? 

WeiB  thef  ablB  to  deleod  thBU 
Wliat  did  Ihe  MQlinclB  &L  tlio  g 

tbi.  cn.Ui' 

Why  did  Ihej  open  the  gntem  ' 
Who  were  ■UJ^oed  u  £uard  at 
What  wu  tlieir  BUture  and  strt 

Did  Tumv*  eiit«r  aloaf  witfa 


What  reata  of  vuJor  doo»  he  hen 

WhDmdoeihefinlkitl? 

Aro  the  Trojus  alile  to  Bland  b 

Whkt  remu-k  doe.  the  poel  | 
lie  admiuiod  of  TurnuB,  and  th* 
tke  g»le.' 

How  doei  the  poet  accounl  foi 
Jft  Ihooght  in  tbe  hero  ! 

By  whom  are  Uie  Trojuu  GlU 
Uid  brought  again  to  the  Bllack? 
'  Whmt  becomci  of  TumuH  > 

How  doea  he  eacape  fruin  thBa 

Did  he  receive  mixj  injorj  frol 
of  uespoDB  Beiit  at  iiim  ! 

B;  uhom  wu  ToniuB  as«« 
ntight;  achievemenls .' 

Did  he  retum  in  lafc.ty  to  hia  I 


I.IBER  DECIinCS. 


Jorms  caili  a  counotl  of  the  god*,  and  fhrbid*  thgm  lo  uut  «ither  Bdo.  Q 
non,  VeuQ*  makM  a  ver;  pathetic  ■peoch  in  favor  of  tjw  T^jaiu,  aiid  Bnlll 
10  intarrere  in  their  favor,  and  nol  to  aufler  them  to  bo  antirelj  deBtroyed.  | 
In  ■  itratn  hauchtj  and  imperlooa,  and  attributea  tliair  miafartniMi  to  thait 
•od  miaconduot,  and  particularlj  lo  tfaa  conduct  of  Puia  in  tiia  c»as  of ) 
inainuate.  that  £neai  waa  plajlng  the  sama  game  at  tfa«  oanrt  of  Latiaa 
eoncludoa  their  deliberatiana  bf  a  iMech,  in  whioh  he  declani  bo  wiO  m 
partjF,  Ihit  Bucceaa  01  diaaater  thould  attsnd  Iheir  own  actiona. 

A*  aoon  u  £neaii  had  ooncladed  a  treaty  with  Ihe  Tuncana,  Iw  butMis  V»  tol| 
pitnied  b;  his  ■lliu.  Onfai*  wav  heia  met  b;  achoii  ofnTmpha:  onoirf^i^ 
iiim  or  the  tronsformation  of  hi.  ihips.  of  the  attack  of  T^rntU  opoD  hb  ■ 
STcat  ■laughter  he  had  made,  and  the  diairea^  lo  which  bia  lirienda  were  radw 
he  arrivea  in  nighl  of  hii  camp,  Ihe  Trojana  ahout  for  jc^;  aiid  TnniH; 
pfBTOnt  their  landiog.  Leavitii  a  Bufficient  number  tu  beaien  the  camD.i 
with  the  nwt  of  hia  lorceB  to  the  ■hore.      "  


nd,  In  thB.t  ordor,  fllTectad  a 


divided  hia  troopi  into  thil 


ndin£.    Here  a  general  engagamrat  o , 

lEnetM  porlbrma  prodigieaof  valor,  The  Arcadiana  were  rontad  bj  ihe  Lal| 
Pallu  porceivea  them  giva  wa;,  be  huten.  along  tfae  tanka,  anilaatn  tt 
'  biinf  them  &gun  to  the  charge.  Hare  he  performe  feata  of  valor.  LmmoI 
•nandud  one  wing  <rf'  the  Latlna,  oppoeod  him  with  equal  tUll  and  Talor> 
Tdmoii  and  Tnilait.  fUl  baToi*  hini. 


^NEIS.    LIB.  X.  4OT 

bi  tha  niMn  linie,  Turnof ,  informed  of  the  havoc  mftde  by  Pallai,  detenniiiee  lo  attaok 
kim  in  petaon.  He  proceeds  against  the  youthful  warriori  who,  undaunted,  moets  him 
with  strength  and  arms  nnoqual. 

Allar  the  death  of  Panaa,  a  great  slaug^hter  of  the  Trojans  enanee.  JEneaa,  m  an  other 
pftrt  of  the  line,  inforroed  of  Uie  death  of  Pallaa  and  the  alaughter  of  his  troops,  imme- 
diatelj  «eta  out  in  search  of  Toruus.  In  his  waj  he  luUs  a  great  number,  and  putc  to 
flif  ht  whole  ranlLt.  Venus  amist^  the  Trojans,  and  Juno  intercedcs  with  her  huaband 
to  faTor  the  Latins ;  but  to  no  purpose.  However,  he  permits  her  to  bear  away  Tunin.« 
from  the  fight,  and  aave  him  from  the  vongeance  of  £neaa.  The  goddess  instanlly 
rtpairing  to  the  field  of  battle,  assumed  the  shape  aod  attire  of  illneas ;  and,  by  a  de- 
-vie«  of  hers,  conducted  Tumus  from  the  fight.  As  soon  as  he  was  out  of  danger,  tho 
phantom  vanished*  Discovering  thc  deception,  the  hero  becomes  frantic  with  rage  and 
«mppointment. 

ilaantius  succeeds  Tumns  in  command,  and  makes  head  against  the  Trojans.  The 
figfat  is  renewed  with  great  fury,  and  ho  performs  feats  of  valor.  Victory,  for  a  time, 
Moms  equaily  poiaed.  ^Elneas  beholds  him  thundering  along  the  ranks,  prostrating  aU 
orho  stand  before  him ;  and  resolves  to  meet  him.  Mesentius  throws  a  spear,  which^ 
gloneingfrom  the  shield of  i^ne^s,  kills  ^nioret^  who  had  been  the  companion  of  Hv' 
cnles.  The  spear  of  ^neas  wounds  him  in  tum,  but  not  mortally.  In  this  Bituation, 
Lausus  succors  his  father,  and,  flinging  himself  between  the  combatants,  affords  him  an 
opportunity  to  retire,  aod,  in  the  pious  duty,  loses  his  own  Ufe.  He  retires  to  tlie  river, 
aad  washes  his  wound.  All  his  anziety  is  for  his  son,  his  affectionate,  his  dutiful  Lau- 
■aa.  Messenger  afler  messenger  he  sends  to  recall  him  from  the  fight.  But  when  he 
laams  his  death,  he  resolves  to  retum  to  fall  liv  the  hand  of  £neas,  or  to  bear  off  his 

;>  ipoils.  For  this  purpose,  he  mounts  his  faithfVil  courser,  arms  himself,  and  rashes  into 
dba  flald,  seeking  the  victor.    The  book  conoludee  with  the  death  of  Meientius 

PANDITUR  interelL  domus  omnipotentis  Olympi : 

|ue  vocat  DivCUn  pater  atque  hominum  rex 

im  in  8edem  ;  terras  unde  arduus  omnes, 

Ciutraqtie  DardanidCkm  aspectat,  populosque  Latinoe. 

Conflidunt  tectis  bipatentibus.     Incipk  ipse :  5     6.   Supen  consittimt 

CScBiico]»  magni,  quianam  sententia  vobis  tectis  bipatentibus.  7«- 

▼•I»  retrd  ?  tantitanque  animis  certatis  iniquia  ?  P*^  "P»«  "»c*P»^  '^ 

Ahuueram  bello  Italiam  concurrere  Teucris  :  ^.  Q"®  "'  ^  ^ 

^hm  contra  veUtum  discordia  ?  quis  metus,  aut  hoe,         ~~J*  o^I^^!;!!!*!!^» 
y   -  .  .    ^  /*  •*«  «/\ '"™-    Quis  metus  suasit 

Aut  hoa  arma  sequi,  ferrumque  lacessere  suasit  ?  ^^  wli  hos  Ualos,  aut  hoe 

Adfeaiet  juatum  pugns,  ne  acceraile,  tempus,  7^%tero$  sequi 

NOTES. 

1.  Ofympi,  Olvmpus  is  a  very  high  moun-  mentioned  hy  the  poet  before.    On  the  coa- 

in  the  oonmies  of  Thessaljr  and  Mace-  trary,  Jove  had  declared  that  £neas  should 

whoee  summit  is  above  the  clouds.  carry  on  a  great  war  in  Italy,  bcUum  tn- 

the  poets  made  it  the  residence  of  geru  geret  Ilalia.     Mln.  i.  263.     It  is  prcba- 

Here  they  assigned  him  a  sumptu-  ble  that  the  poet  would  havc  corrected  this 

patace.  The  epithet  omnipotens  w  added  passage,  if  he  had  lived  to  roviso  this  part  of 

•  4^  vav  of  eminence ;   that  bcing  the  pro-  his  works. 
l,  l^  apithet  of  Jove,  who  had  there  his  re-         10.  Laeestere :  in  the  sense  of  romfpiopere, 

M.     The   p^t  here  imitatos  Homer,  says  Rusbus.     Suasii:  in  the  sense  of  tai- 

lib.  viii.  pulit,    Arma :  by  meton.  for  belhm, 
^  Jitpeetat :  in  the  sense  ofdespieit,  Ar-        1 1.  Adveniet  juttum :  the  proper  time  for 

Nw."  in  tlie  sense  of  nMimit.  war  will  arrive,  &c.    Jove  declares  in  coua- 

C  Bipaientibut :  opening  both  ways,  to  cil  that   the   Italians   had   engaged   in  tha 

^  'Vbt  and  lofU  war  against  the  TrojanR,  contrary  to  hb 

.  ti  Cttiieotte:  in  the  sense  ofSuperi,  Qtri-  wish  and  inclination ;  that  it  was  his  desire 

^ll««.*  in  the  sense  of  eur,    The  meaning  Italy  should  open  its  bosom,  and  recptve 

*:  why  have  ye  changed  your  purpose  of  them  in  friendship  and  amity.     Bnt  do  not 

^Nrtinff  neither  party  f     Why  do  ye  con-  ye  gods,  infer  hence  that  1  wish  thcy  should 

^M  with  so  inuch  animosity  ?   and  disre-  always  escapo  the  calamities  of  war.    Thv 

l^ld  ny  prohibition  that  the  Italians  should  time  will  coine  in  its  proprr  feason,  nor  do 

^  •ppoee  the  Trojan^  ?  ye  hasteii  it,  whcn  warliko  Carthafro  shal) 

IL  AbMietam:  I  bad  forbidden  thc  Italian  bring  a  great  destruction  upon  the  Romaa 

Ifie.    This  prohibition  had  not  been  towers.    Then  jou  cna.j  uidnX^  ';S«a\ 


^96  •  P-  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Ciim  fera  Carthago  Romanis  arcibufl  olim 
Exitium  magnum,  atque  Alpea  immittet  apertai. 
Tum  certare  odiis,  tum  res  rapuisse  licebit. 
Nunc  sinite,  et  placitum  laeti  componite  fa^us. 
16.  Jupiter  dixit  hflBc      Jupiter  heec  paucis  :  at  non  Venus  aurea  coot 

paucU  verbit.  Pauca  refert : 

O  pater,  6  hominum  DivClmque  eetema  potestas! 
19.  Quid  aliud  numm  ^amque  aliud  quid  sit,  quod  jam  implorare  que 

tit,  quod  Cemis  ut  insultent  Rutuli  ?  Turousque  feratur 

Per  medios  insignis  equis,  tumidusque  secundo 
Marte  ruat  ?  non  clausa  tegunt  jara  mcBnia  Teui 
Quin  intra  portas,  atque  ipsis  prslia  miscent 
Aggeribus  muromm,  et  inundant  sanguine  fossa 
26.    ^neas    ignarua  ^Eneas  ignams  abest.     Nunquamne  levari 

kamm  rerwn  abest.         Obsidione  sines  ?  muris  iterum  imminet  hostis 

Nascentis  Trojae,  nec  non  exercitus  alter : 
Atque  itemm  in  Teucros  iEtolis  surgit  ab  Arpi 

NOTE8. 

mositie«,  then  you  may  foinent  discord ;  but  13.  Fera :  warlike— fierce. 

now  cultivate  harmony,  and  practice  good  13.  Aptrtat  Alpet,    Scaliger  tl 

wiil  toward  each  other.     Carthage  was  the  to  be  aupplied  ;  meaning  that  thf 

raust  powerful  rival  of  Rome.     It  waa   a  nians  marched  throngh  or  over 

very  flourishing  and  commercial  state.   The  This  to  be  sure  it  the  true  tom 

interests  of  the  two  nations  soon  began  to  the  construction  will  not  bear  it. 

uiterfere,   and   a    war   broke   out   between  not  throw  away  the  aique,     Botb 

thein.     A  naval  battle  was  fought  oflf  Sicily,  and  Ruieus  understand  the  pc€ 

iii  which  the  Carthaginians  were  victorious ;  AIps,  whom  Hannibal  took  with  1 

but  tiie  Kornans  had  the  advantage  by  land.  hardly  think  this  to  be  the  meaj 

A  peaco  was  concludod  vcry  much  to  the  expression  is  highly  figurative  ai 

disadvantage  of  tl»c  fonner.     The  Cartha-  It  represents  Hannibal  aiid  his  i 

ginians    gave    up    all  the    islands  bctwcen  ing  through  the  passagcs  of  the 

Afric&  and   Italy,  and  agreed  to  pay  2,200  the   niountains  themsclves  were 

ialents   annually,  for  twenty  years,  to  the  sent  against  Rome. 

Romans.      This  took  place  in  tiie  ycar  of  14.  Tum  lictbil^  &c.     The  go< 

Roine  513.     Twenty-four  ycars  allcr  this,  a  represented  as  divided  and  split  i 

second  vvar  broke  out  lietween  the  two  rival  and  parties.    To  cahn  their  dissei 

powcrs.    Hannibal  was  coinmaiider-in-chief  tells  them  a  tiine  wiil  come  whe: 

of   tlie    Cartha^inians.     He    led    liis  arniy  indulge    their    passions,    and    p 

into  Spain,  which  hu  subjugated  as  fai   as  coinmit  acts  of  violeiice.     Dr.  T 

the  Iberus.    He  thence  passed  over  the  Alps  tlie  words  licebii^  &c.  refer  to  1 

into  italy,  w  liere  he  defeated  the  Roinaiis  in  and  Latins,  on  account  of  who 

Hcvcral  engageinents,  with  great  slaughter,  were  split  into  factions.     It  is  c 

and  filled  Hoiiie  it^elf  with  fear  and  conster-  writers,  especially  the  poets,  to 

iiation  ;  and  if  he  had  marched  directly  to  cvil  actions  of  men  to  the  gods,  i 

Roine,  it  svould,  in  all  probabihty,  havefallen  influence  they  were  supposed  tc 

Ldforc  his  victonous  arins.    In  this  juiicture  tho  Roinan  stale.    Rueu^ays, ' 

of  affairs.  P^abius  Maxiinus  was  inadc  dic-  15.  Sinite:  be  quiet — pcrmit 

tator ;  who,  by  his  prudent  measures,  and,  Componile :  in  the  sensc  oi  faci 

above  ali,  by  his  declining  a  gcncral  engage-  liate.    Placitum  :  in  the  seiise  oi 

merit.   attd    protracting   tho    war,    in   some  Q7xo(f  ;7/are/ mtAi,  says  Ruipus. 

mcasuro,  rocovered  the  Roman  affairs.     In  22.  Teguni :  protccl — defcnd, 

the  mean  tiine,  Scipio  was  scnt  into  Africa  23.  Miscent :  in  the  scnse  of 

to  attack  Carthage.     Hannibal  was  recalled  24.  Ipsit  aggeribttt :  on  the  ve 

to  defend  his  country.     The  Romans,  how-  of  the  walls. 

ever,  were  victorious,  and  Carthage  became  27.  JVec  non  :  in  the  sense  of 

trilmtary.     The  intrcpid  Hannibal  saved  his  etiam,      fmminet :   pressee   upoi 

life  by  lleeing  his  country.     This  war  lasted  Ruseus  says,  inttai. 

•eventeen  years.     In  the  third  Punic  war,  20.  Ailtolit  Arpit.     Arpi  wa 

aa  it  was  cailed,  Carthage  was  utterly  ra-  Apulia.     It  is  callcd  ^tolian  fi 

«ed^  undcr  tJie  younger  Scipio,  in  the  year  of  the  country  of  Diomede,  wLo  1 

Romd  608.  m\A  VS^k^t.  ^art  of  Italy,  and  foi 

I 


i£N£lS.    IJB.  X.  499 

uidein,  cre<1o,  mea  vulnera  rc-stant : 

ies  mortalia  denioror  arma.  30     30.  Et  qj»  tua  prooH- 

iLt  at(|ue  invito  numine,  Tro§«  *"?.    g.  _    .    _^^ 

5,  luant  peccata  ;  neque  illos  ItaliiLm  eiiie"^  ^**^ 

>.     Sin  tot  responsa  secuti,  33.  Siii /ecenm/  arf  m» 
lanesque  dabant ;  cur  nunc  tua  quif^qiiam    cuti  tot  rasponsa  •nwii 

potest  ?  aut  cur  nova  condere  fata  ?  35  ^'""»»1  quie 

exustas  Erycino  in  lilore  classes  ?  ^^-  Aut  cur  ^uu^uam 

itum  regem,  ventosque  furentes  ^"  "  ^"  ^** 
?  aut  actam  nubibus  Irim  ? 

lanes  (lioic  intentata  manebat  39.  Nunc  etiam  Juno 

novct :  et  superis  immissa  repentd  40  '«©▼«t 

s  Italfim  bacchata  per  urbes.  .  ^-    ^^"^^.  '""T* 

'^  .  .  ^  tn  Buperifl  regwitbtu  lu' 

erio  moveor  :  speravimus  ista,  m 

fuit :  vincant,  quos  vincere  mavis.  43.  Dum  fortuna  ftik 

f(io,  Teucris  quam  det  tiia  conjux  propUia:  ilii  vtncant 

ersoB,  genitor,  fumantia  TroiaB  46     46.  O  genitor,  oMot- 

:or;  liceat  dimittere  ab  armis  ^?^^  ^'  rumMnu^  tx. 

scanium  ;  liceat  superesse  nepotem, 

rnotis  jactetur  in  undis ; 

ue  viam  dcderit  fortuna,  sequatur : 

et  dirfle  valeani  subducerc  pugnro.  60 

est  celsa  mihi  Paphos,  atque  Cythera,  . .      ^  _  •      i^ 

lus :  positis  inglonus  armis  riu»  exigat  erttm  W 

um.     Magnd  ditione  jubeto  annia  poeitis. 

NOTES. 

of  T^detu,    TumuR  lent  to  shore.    See  JEn.  y.  660.    Where  the  Trojan 

to  en^^age  him  in  the  war,  matrons,  at  the  instigation  of  Irie,  eet  6re  to 

rcoM,  as  will  appear  in  the  their  shipt.     Repeiam :  in  the  tenee  ot*eom» 

Venu8,  to  aggravate  her  mtfnorem, 

nuate  that  a  Grecian  army  37.    Regem :   iEolue  king  of  the  winils. 

l  thc  Trojan  camp  under  the  See  JEn,  i. 

.  Diornccle.    This  is  the  hot*  39.   Manet  movei.    Here  Manet  plaint^ 

exercitus^  just  mentioned.  meane  the  infemal  poweri,  whom  Juno  roae* 

cra  rtstant :  niy  wounds  re-  ed  up  againtd  the  Trojans,  when  she  cilli^ 

(hiiiks  this  i»  a  reforence  to  up  Alecto  from  her  dire  abodo.  Thiswaelfaa 

'ceived  from  Diomcde,when  first  time  Juno  had  recourte  to  the  powen 

QM  Iroui  tho  encountcr  with  below,  to  auist  her  in  the  deatruction  «f  tfaa 

1,  V.  335.     Aiid  she  feare  the  Trojana.     Thii  will  help  us  to  undefalMid 

hap{)cn  ai^ain.     This  eluci-  the  words:  hae  tort  rerum  mantbal  inieniala. 

drmoror  mortulia  arma.    But  Sort:  in  the  •enee  of  part. 

ak  in  the  naine  of  the  Tro-  41.  Bacchaia:  ett  U  underrtood. 

l  their  wounds  and  .uffer.  ^^  ^          ^  .^ .  j  ^  ^^^  .olicitou»  aboai 

1.     7>moror;   m  the  8cn8e  empiro-I  nm  not  moyed,  fcc. 

ermission  or  leave.     Paee:        46.   Lieeai:  maT  it  be  permitted  ma  t« 

liia.    J^umine:  in  tho  sense  wmove  (or  take)  Aicmniae,  &c 

50.  yaieam:  I  wonld  wiah  t»  !>•  Mm 

.    This  perhaps  refere  to  the  I  could  desire  to  be  permtUed.     Tegere  :  to 

intimations,  which   ^neae  protect     reecoe. 

-oni  tho  ghoHts  of  Hcctor,        51.  Amaiknt:  gen.  emaihtmliai  a  eity  d 

J^reuHa.     Manes^  sometimes  the  ialand  of  Cyprua.    Hodie^  Lumitto.    Pc- 

iio  infomal  gods.     It  ia  hore  phot  or  Paphut;  another  cityiof  tbe  ■amt 

;rt\  the  ^ods  above.  laland.     Hodie%  Paffo.     Cfikira:  neo.  pln. 

Lo  avert  or  tum  aside.   Fata:  an  ialand  b#>tween  the  Pelopomieeua  aad 

ies.    Condere:  to  make*-or-  Crete.     tdaiium  qt  Idalia :  aeity  of  CjpfWb 

Rueeus  sayr,  ttaiuere.  AIl  theee  placee  were  ■aeredito  VeniM* 
fno  liiore:   or   the  S^olian        5ti  Deiitrtf  •  fai  tha  MBM:Qf 

33 


4 


m  P-  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

54.  Nihil  orium  inde  Carthago  premat  Ausoniam :  niliil  urt>ibiis  indi 
obi^iaifit  Obstabit  Tyriis.     Quid  pestem  evadere  belli 

•^to"*'*^"'''*'^'**^*  -^"^^^^  ®^  Ai-golicos  mediun  fiigiafie  per  ignes  » 

57.  Totque  pericula  Totque  maris,  vastieque  ezhausta  pericula  tenra 
nume,  ▼meteqiie  tentB  Dum  Latium  Teucri,  recidivaque  Pergnma  quas 
fuisu  exhaueu,  dttm       Non  satiua  cmeres  patrie  insedisse  aupi^mos, 

Atque  solum,  quo  Troja  ^it  ?  XanthuBi  ei  Sifli 

61.  Mieerie  Teucrie     Redde,  oro,  miseris  ;  iterumque  revolvere  casa 

Da,  pater,  Iliacos  Teucris.     Tum  regia  Jnno 
Acta  furore  gravi :  Quid  me  alta  silentia  cogis 
Rumpere,  et  obductum  verbis  vulgare  dolorem 
iEnean  hominum  quisquam  Divtkmque  subegit 
Bella  sequi,  aut  hoetem  regi  se  inferre  Latmo  ? 
Italiam  petiit  fisitis  auctoribus,  esto, 
Cnssandrse  impulsus  furiis.     Num  linquere  casl 
Hortati  sumus,  aut  vitam  committere  ventis  ? 
70.  Nom  periuatvnus  p^yp^  puero  summam  boUi,  num  credere  muros 
Htredere  Bumm^mbeni,  Tyrrhenamve  fidem,  aut  gentes  agitare  quietas 
num  credere  muroe  pu-  ^^ .    -r^        •     i.       i  *      i        *    .     .•         _^ 

ero>   J^um  pernuuimut  Q^^^  Deus  m  fraudem,  quae  dura  potentia  nosti 

ei  o^tare  Egit  ?  ubi  hic  Juno,  demissave  nubibus  Iris  ? 

NOTE8. 

54.  /nde.*  hence— from  Ascanius.  Howill        68.  Furiit:  thie  Rueuii  intei 
ROt  be  in  the  waj,  or  oppose  the  Tyrian  city.    tieiniit, 

55.  Pettem:  destruction — ruin.  70.    5tMtiiMnii :    the    manage 
57.  Exhautta :  undengone — finished— ex-    command. 

oausted  to  the  vcry  dregs.     The  verb  etse^        71.  Fidem^  aut  gentet^  agitan 

velfuiste^  is  understood.  is  a  dlfficult  p&ss&ge,  arising  pai 

5U.  Recidiva,     Davidson  thinks  recidiva^  conciseness  of  tho  expression, 

nerc,  ineans  tottering  again,  or  thrcatcning  from  thc  falsehood  of  the  asser 

&  fall.     Hut  it  also  si^nifies,  set  up  again  mentators  are  gcnerally  agreei 

aftcr  il  is  fallen,  or  rcbiiilt.    Dr.  Trapp  takcs  is  to  bo  takcn  for  alliance  or  f 

it  hcre  in  this  scnse.     Cornmcntators  arc  not  the  sense  offxdus,    To  connect 

agrced  upon  the  true  iniport  of  the  word.  it  in  that  scnse,  we  must  take 

rhe  wliolc  spcech  of  Vcnus  is  extreincly  the  sense  of  implorare^  which  i 

artful,  and  wcll  calculated  to  produce  the  bear.     But  if  we  take  Jidem 

desircd  effect.     It    is    distinjruishcd   for  its  loyalty  and  allegiancc,  which 

Bweetiiess,  tendcrness,  and  pathos.  bore  to  Mezentius  their  king ; 

59.  »A/on  satiius :  would  it  not  have  been  no  reason,  why  it  may  not;  th< 

better  for  thein  to  have  sctlled  upon,  &c.  its  common  acceptation,  to  di 

The  verb  mjpc/,  vel  fuisstl^  is  undcrstood.  or   unsettle,  may  be  connecte< 

62.  Day  pattr :  grant,  O,  father,  that  they  well  as  witli  yt«e/a*  g^i/«*.  It 
struggle  a^rain  with  the  Trojan  disasters;  however,  that  the  nations  to  ^ 
rathcr  tluin  continue  in  this  state  of  sus-  applied  for  assistance  were  at 
penso.  These  words,  or  words  of  the  like  both  the  Tuscans  and  Arcadi 
iinport,  appear  to  be  requisito  to  coinplete  war  with  the  Latins.  Heyne  ' 
the  senso,  and  preservc  the  cunnexion.  Jidrm^  in  the  scnse  of  solieitare 

63.  ^'Irta :    in  tlie  sciise  of  impuisa  vel    fxdus,     Qitietat :  at  peacc. 
airitnta.  72.  Qmcb  dura  nostra  :  what 

'•4.  Ohductum :  in  the  sense  of  occultum.  of  ours.     This  refers  to  the  < 

67.    Iluliam  petitt^  &c.     This   spcech   of  which  Venus  uses  in  relation 

Juno  is  vory  diffcrcnt  from  that  of  Venus  :  44.     Commcntators  generally 

the  onc  is  tcndor,  persiiasive,  and  pathctic  ;  to   mcan   detriiiient— -daniage. 

tiie  othcr  haughty,  iinperious,  and  sarcastic.  tcrprcts  it  by  damnum^  and  it 

Iii    tlio    bcirinning,  she   acknowlcdges  that  hcre;  for  Juno,  all  along^,  rcflc 

A-Inoas  iindcrlook  his  voyage  at  tlio  direc-  false  steps  and  bad  manaffcme 

lion  of  thc  uods;  but  she  will  hove  it,  that  J5ut  it  may  also  mean  fraud,  a 

tt  was  particular! y  at  thc  instance  of  Cflwan-  attcnipt   to   draw    the   Tuscai 

<fra,  tho  daughtcr  of   Priain,   a    prophetoss  allcgianco  to  their  king.    ileyi 

whom  nobody  bolioved.      ,>^uctori!)Ui :   ad-  dtm  in  the  scnse  of  malum.     S 

witera   -perviaders,  or  the  ^^t  ivivfire.  ecnse  of  periealum,     Davidf 


iENEIS.    LIB.  X.  4M 

ini  eM^  Italos  Trojam  circundare  flafnmis 
item,  et  patriA  Turnum  consistere  terri ;  76 

lumiius  avus,  cui  diva  Venilia  mater. 

ace  Trojanos  atri  vim  ferre  Latinis  ?  71.  Quid  ettiUud^Tro 

liena  jugo  premere,  atque  avertere  pnedas  ^  jaaoff 

ioceros  legere,  et  gremiis  abducere  pactas  ?  79.  Quid  ui  illud^  1«- 

orare  manu,  praefigere  puppibus  arma  ?  80  t^^  •oceros,  et  ubdz  • 

es  iEneam  manibus  subducere  GraiOm,  ^^^v^^^^'^.^f*  * 

,    ,  11»  ffremiis  tpontorum  i 

\  viro  nebulam  et  ventos  obtendere  manes ; 
»  in  totidem  classem  convertere  Nympfaas : 
quid  Rutuloe  contri  juvisse,  nefandum  est.  84.  Nos  ju?iMe  Rata- 

ignarus  abest :  ignarus  et  absit.  85  lo>  allqaid  contii  TV^ii- 

phos,  Idaliumque  tibi ;  sunt  alta  Cythera :  '^^* 

Tavidam  bellis  urbem,  et  corda  aspera  tenias  ?        «en^' twSi#*    'P**"** 

tibi  fluzas  Phrygiae  res  vertere  fundo  ^  89.  Auimnofl^tii^uaiib 

lur  ?  nos  ?  an  miseros  qui  Troas  Achivis  an  \JIU  Pairu  qui 

;  ?  qus  causa  fuit  consurgere  in  arma  90 

imque  Astamque,  et  fcedera  solvere  furto  ? 

NOTES. 

rordi  ^  fuilefol  meuurei,''  alludinfj;  nus.      Thif  ia  an  invidioufl  reflectiun  of 

ifl  said  in  the  preceding  line.  Juno,  and  entirely  groundleflfl.    If  it  refer 

)dignum  est:  it  is  a  heinoufl  erime,  to  to  the  Latina,  there  wafl  no  crime  in  fluing 

that  the  Italians,  &c.  for  peace,  and  being  at  the  aame  time  pre* 

^ilumnut :  a  kin^  of  the  Rutuli,  and  pared  for  war.     It  was  the  moat  likely  way 

■on  of  Jovo.     He  was  one  of  the  to  obtain  it.     If  it  relate  to  Uie  Arcadiana : 

■flof  TurouK,aod  wafldeiiied.  f^eni-  they  had   no  deaifn   of  war  upon   them. 

I  wa»  the  fliflier  of  Amata,  and  mo-  Their  arme  were  designed  only  to  guard 

Tomufl.      She  also  was  made  a  them  agaiuflt  the  influltfl  of  enemioe  on  their 

paasage  to  the  court  of  Evander. 

>uid^  Troianot :   what  is  it  for  the  84.  Jie/andum  eH:  it  is  a  horrid  crime  for 

to  offer  Violence,  &c.     Serviui  ex-  ^  ^^.    The  followin|^  line  contains  a  most 

\tn  faett^  by  taoo  beilo.     Di.  Trapp  «evore  sarcaflm.     As  if  Juno  had  said :  if 

iiifl   ifl   an  alluflion  to  the  fltory  of  ^nea»,  the  general  of  an  army,  choose  to 

;hoee   mother  dreamed  nhe  should  be  abfloni  in  eo  critical  a  juncture,  and  ia 

rth  a  torch  or  fire-brand  ;  he  being  not  careful  to  inform  himtelf  of  thijir  ttate, 

«  of  the  war,  which  proved  the  ruin  let  him,  for  aught  I  care,  remaiu  ^noran. 

.     Fax,  Bi^i6e«  the  firfll  motivefl  or  "<*  «over  retum. 

efl  to  any  thing.     Fax  belli,  is  there-  87.  Urbem.    The  cjly  Laurenium,  to  tne 

commencement  of  war.     Ineendia  govemment  of  which  iEneas  would  amve, 

i  war  when  it  hathcome  to  its  height,  ^7  marrymg  Lavmia.    Oravuiam .  poteniem, 

I  evcry  thing  wasto  before  it,  like  a  ■»7»  Ru»"».  ^tpera :  in  the  flenae  of  belli' 
ijf  flame.     Jltrd  faee :  with  black  or  *©*«• 

lorchefl.     Rubus  Bays,  nigrit  Uedit.  ^'  7^    Thi»  is   either  redundant,  or 

,                        4        u*       •         ii  used   m  the  flenee  of  twt^  affreemff  with 

Vem.r.^u^o;  toBubjugate.    Jtma:  ^^^^     Juno  here  .p^Sfl  iS  the  preeeirt 

mae  of  terrat  vel  regumet,  timMhough  reference  i.  had  to  the  Trojan 

egere,    Servms  rendera  it,  by  fitrari.  war.    Thia  change  of  tcnte  ia  often  vcry 

they  are  called  Sacriiegu  qu%  taera  ele|fant,     It  ^vea  life  and  animaUon  to  the 

u  c.  furantur.     Paetat :  betrothed  subject.     Fluxat  ret.     Ruvus  flaya,  fragUa 

;  tpontat  bemg  underttood,  or  per-  regnum,  the  frail  power  of  Ihy  Troy. 

II  implied  m  paelas.     I^re  tocerot :  1,9    q„,-.     Thb  refere  to  Pari»,  who  was 
iathor»-in-law  ;   thal  is,  to  marry  ihe  cause  of  the  Trojan  war     JVb# :  wa*  it 

jight^rB  wiihout  Ihcir  content,  and  i^  or  wa«  it  not  rather  that  Piiii.  who  exoo- 

Ihcu*  willfl.     Hoyne  aay^  eligere-^  ^  the  unhappy,  &c 

91.  Furto:  here  adultrry,  treachery.  F«i«>- 

yrmrt  paeem :  to  implore  peace  with  tum  alto  flignifiefl  any  private,  or  secret  act 

d,  and  to  fix  armit  on  the  sterafl  of  of  wickedneflfl.    An  alluiion  ii  herp  n*v'*f 

ip*.    Tliis  refGrfl  to  the  olive  boughfl,  to  the  rape  of  Helen,  which  was  an  act  01 

imy  heid  in  thcir  hands  as  a  sign  of  the  baaeflt  kind;   a  rooat  ptrfidious  crivc^^^. 

hiii  they  visited  the  court  of  Lati*  Ail  rthifltheQieekjKiv%iiiV|  va^^V^Met^K^Na^i^ 


$0n  P.  VUlGILn  MAKONIS 

Me  duce,  DardaniuB  Spartam  expugnavit  adull 
Aut  ego  tela  dedi,  fovi-ve  cupidine  bella  ? 
•4  Tais  Troittnii        Tunc  decuit  inetuisse  tuia ;  nunc  sera  querelk 

Haud  justis  assurgis,  et  irrita  jurgia  jactas. 

Talibus  orabat  Juno :  cunctique  fremebant 
Coelicole  assonsu  vario  :  ceu  flamina  prima 
Ci^m  dcpr^nsa  iremunt  sylvis,  et  ceca  Yolutanl 
Murmura,  venturos  nautis  prodentia  ventos. 

Tum  pater  omnipotens,  rerum  cui  summa  p( 
Infit.     £o  dicente,  Dei^m  domus  alta  aikecit, 
Et  tremefacta  solo  tellus,  silet  arduus  aether : 
103.  ?oau6ToJlaium:  Tum  Zephyri  posu^re ;  premit  placida  cquom 
P^**^"'  Accipite  erg6  animis  atque  hsc  mea  figite  dicli 

Quandoquidem  Ausonios  conjungi  fcsdere  Teoc 
Haud  iicitum  est,  nec  vestra  capit  discordia  fi» 
107.  Secat  tibi  faetit^  Qusb  cuique  est  fortuna  hodie,  quam  quisque  m 
f^^aSbo  e^  "  Tros  Rutulusve  fuat,  nullo  discrimine  habebo: 

109.  Sou  caftra  TVo-  ^®^  ^^^^  Italftm  castra  obsidione  tenentur, 
tanonim  tenentur  Sive  errore  malo  Trojce,  monitisque  sinistris. 

Nec  Rutulos  solvo.     Sua  cuique  exorsa  labore 
Fortunamque  ferent.     Rex  Jupiter  omnibus  id 
1 13.   lUe  annuit  per  Fata  viam  invenient.     Stygii  per  flumina  fratri 
flomina  p^,.  pj^^  torrentes  atr&que  voragine  ripaa 

NOTES. 

have  no  further  intercourse,  or  treatiea,  with        107.  Ouam  tpem^  ftc    Sem 

the  Trojans :  which  ii  the  idea  conyeved  in  others  take  aeeai :  in  tbe  oeiam 

solvere  fatdtra*     Heyne  takee  furto^  in  the  habei.    But  Tumebua,  in  the  m 

ficnse  ot*  raptu.  and  Ruieus,  in  the  sense  of  ojt 

02.  ExpHf^navit  Spartam,  History  informs  or  assuines  to  himself;  as  whei 

us  tiiat  Pari8  did  not  carry  off  Helcn  in  an  a  thing  into  parts  or  portiona. 

amicablc  inanner,  but  by  violence  ond  forco,  fcrs  from  most  commentators  ii 

\n  her  heart,  howevcr,  Hhe  might  not  havo  tlio  verb  «eca/.    He  takea  it  in  thi 

bcen  averse  to  it.     This  tlie  Trojan  prince  cidere,,  vel  perdere :  to  cut  off,  < 

eflected  in  tlic  absencc  of  the  Grecian  king,  tlieir  actions. 
who  had  entertained  liim  in  a  very  hospita-         109.  Fatis  Italum,  &c.     Thii 

ble  manner.     Juno  here  calls  him  an  adul-  undcrstood  of  the  fate«  unkind 

torer,  and  reprcsents  him  as    an  insidious  the   lUlians.     Ruieus    intcrpn 

enemy.     ^x/^u^aw/ ;  he  assaulted,  &c.  rfamno :  loss  or  damage.     Dai 

93.  Fovi  bella  :    fomented— caused  wam  ffialit  is  to  be  Bupplied. 
throufirh  lust.     Cupidine:   unlawful  desiro,         1-,^     %r  ,  1    ^i. 

r  love  110.  Jnalo    errore  :    whcthe 

94.  .V..m::  this  refer.  to  the  time  of  the    "V"'  °^T'°y' '?'*  '"l"'?'?L° 

rapc  of   Helen.     Here  Juno  i»  extremolT     *''^"'.*'  ^*?'  ^"J""''  «^Vk  ^ 
*^  •'      rcpelhn?  the  asftaults  of  the  III 

ijevcre  10  ~ 

95.  Haud  jmli, :  in  the  Benpo  of  mju.tu.    "'TT''^,^"  the  preceding  lin. 
,       .  ^     t  ...  •'  whclher  tho  Itahans  should  pr 

Jurgia:  reproaches— complamtfl.  *i.     m     •  .1  i*^ 

97.  Fario  asunsu:  with  variou.  awent ;    °''."  j*""  Trojons ;   lhe.e  hai 

Bome  approved  of  the   apeech   of  Vcnu.,    J«'7"*  ^^  '^^'««  pred.ct.one,  a 

others  of  the  spoech  of  Juno.  ^"^  ""°'"' .'"  <=°"""8  »"'»"" 

nn    r\^  a  u*         «♦  .,«   :«  4U       mancnt  settlement. 

98.  Deprensa  :    caufrht — pont  up   m  the 

woods.     Ca:4:a  murmura .  murmurs  scarcely  •*'•  ^uaexorsa:  uieir  own 

to  bo  heard.     Prodentia:  intimating  to,  &c.  actions  Bhall  bringr  to  each  pa 

101.  Injit :  in  the  senso  of  ineipit.  bucccbs.     The  lasuo  of  the  wa 

102.  60/0.  Whatever  supports  any  thmg  "Pon  the  parties  engaged— 1 1 
may  bc  called  solum.  Solum  terrm  would  be  ^»®'-  Laborem :  Rubus  sayi 
the  foundation  of  the  earth.  Rueus  says,  112.  Idem:  in  the  sense  oi 
d  fundamentis.  Terb  erit  ia  understood. 

103  iV<;mt/;  evols — Tendenaniooth.Ru-        113.  Stjfgiifrairit,    Plnto. 
ita  §a/s,  tiemii»  ^V 


iENEIS.    LIB.  X 


50i 


et  tdtiim  nutu  tromefecit  Olympum 
}  faiidi.     Solio  tum  Jupiter  aureo 
ccelicolie  rnediujn  quem  ad  limina  ducuat. 
ik  Rutuli  portis  circum  omnibus  instant 
i  ciede  viros,  et  mcenia  cingere  flammis. 
iEnead(im  vallis  obsessa  tenetur ; 
s  ulla  fugsB.     Miseri  stant  turribus  altis 
[uam,  et  rari  muros  cinx^re  coroni. 
nbrasides,  Hicetaoniusque  Thymcetes, 
ique  duo,  et  senior  cum  Castore  TymbriSf 
cies :  hos  germani  Sarpedonis  ambo, 
s.  et  Haemon,  Lycii  comitantur  ab  alt&. 
ens  toto  connixus  corpore  saxum, 
trtem  exiguam  montis,  Lyrnessius  Acmon, 
tio  genitore  minor,  nec  fratre  Mnestheo. 
is,  illi  certant  defendere  saxis  ; 
le  ignem,  nervoque  aptare  sagittas. 
T  medios,  Veneris  justissima  cura, 
us  caput  ecce  puer  detectus  honestum, 
einma,  micat,  fulvum  quse  dividit  aurum, 
o  decus,  aut  capiti :  vel  quale  per  artem 
(1  buxo,  aut  Orici&  terebintho 
iur.     Fusos  cervix  cui  lactea  crines 
et  molli  subnectit  circulus  auro. 
[ue  magnanim»  viderunt,  Ismare,  gentes 
dirigere,  et  calamos  armare  veneno, 
generose  dorno :  ubi  pinguia  culta 
t()ue  viri,  Pactolusque  irrigat  auro. 
Mnestheus,  quein  pulsi  pristina  Turni 
murorum  sublimem  gloria  tollit ; 
s     hinc  nomen  Cainpane  ducitur  urbi. 


116 


120 


125     126.  Hi  tuni   pnma 


\f^.  LymeMiit  Anr 
mon,  nec  minor  Clytio 

t  on  ir®ni^"S      °^     fratre 
*^  Mnestheo,  fert 

130.  Ht  cert&nt  de- 
fendere  urbem  jaculie ; 
illi  eertant  defendere  eam 
sazis 

132.  Ecce  Dardanicu 
1«^^  puer  ipse,  justiuima 
cura  Veneris,  detectut 
quoad  honeftum  caput, 
mter  medioe,  micat,  qua- 
U^  gemma 

136.  Vel    quale  obur 
140  iQcet  per  artem 

141.  Pinguia  culta 
arva 

143.  Quem  pristina 
gloria  Tumi  pulsi   ag- 

145  f«« 


NOTES. 


nnuii :  he  ratified  or  confinrned  it. 
KlieoUe  mftdium^  &c.  This  alludoe 
oinan  custom  of  conducUng  the 
>m  the  senate  house  to  his  own 
or  apartmenU 

rgio  ^neadum:  simply  the  Tro- 
fie  Trojans  were  called  ^neadtt^ 
sat  their  leader. 

nxtre  murot :  they  defend  the  walls 
ranks.     Rueus  ■ayi,  exiguo  nu- 

frnettinf:  an  adj.  from  Lymenflum 
Phrygia,  near  the  Sinut  Adramyt- 

V — illi,  Davidson  ronders  these: 
hcm.  Valpy  refers  the  hi  to  the 
(  who  were  assaulting  the  ram- 
d  tho  illi  to  the  Trojans  who  wore 
'  them.  But  when  tlieso  pronouns 
eparato  members  of  the  scntence, 
to  the  t>ne  first  mpntioned  or  moro 
ind  hic  to  the  latter,  or  lost  nien» 

aHriqiU  ignjer%:  to  throw  flamei. 


136.  TereHniho:  the  terebinthut^  or  tur- 
pentine  tree.  Its  wood  bean  a  resemblanca 
to  ebony.  Oricia :  an  adj.  from  Oricum^  ■ 
town  of  Maccdonia  in  the  confines  of  £pi- 
rus,  where  those  treee  abounded. 

140.  Armare:  in  the  sense  of  ungtre, 
Calamot :  darta,  or  miMiye  woapons  in  ge- 
neral.  Oenerote :  toc.  agreeing  with  Ismare  * 
nobly  descended  from  a  Lydian  fainily. 

142.  Paetolut  irrigat:  Pactolus  waten 
them  with  its  gold — golden  atrean:.  Thui 
was  a  small  river,  on  whooe  banks  stood  the 
famous  city  Sardes,  the  capital  of  Lydia, 
Here  CrcesuB  hcld  his  court  It  emptie«  int» 
the  HermuB,  one  of  the  largest  nvers  ol 
Asia  Minor,  and  with  it  flowt  into  the  sea 
near  the  city  of  Ephesus.  They  were  both 
celcbratcd  for  their  golden  iands.  The  |»oet 
here  suppoees  the  water  of  the  Pactolus  tn 
be  of  a  golden  hue. 

1 45.  Campanee  urbi.  Capua ,  the  capitat  of 
Campania.  Here  Hannibal  took  up  hui 
wintcr  quartura.  But  the  luzury  and  diKKi- 
pation  of  the  place,  proved  the  ruia  of  hia 
afiaira  in  Italy. 


502  1*.  VlKGlLil  MARONIS 

IIU  inter  sese  duri  cerUmim  beHi 
Contuleraiit :  medii  iEneas  freta  nocte  ■ecabtt 
14H.  Namque  ut  pri"  Namque  ut  ab  Evandro  Caatris  ingressua  Etroscii 
mim  dii;reMUM  ab  Evan*  liegem  adit,  et  regi  memorat  Boroenque  genuaqa 
dro,  ei  lugreMUB  Quidve  petat,  quidve  ipee  ierat ;  Mezentiufl  armt 

15«.  Edocet  quidvo     q^^^  ^^^^  conciliet,  violentaque  pectora  Tumi 

Edocet ;  humanis  qUs  sit  fiducia  rebua 
Admonet,  immiscetque  precee.'    Haud  fit  mon :  1 
Jungit  opea,  ftedusque  ferit.     Tura  Mbera  fiitis, 
Classem  conscendit  jussia  gena  Lydia  Divikm, 
Extemo  commissa  duci.     ^neia  puppis 
157.  Teuotprima/oc«,  prima  tenet,  roetro  Phrvgios  subjuncu  leonea: 
fubjuncu  quoud  Phry-  jmn^jnet  jja  super,  profugia  gititiaBima  Teucris. 
fpos  leonet  roetro.  jj.^  magnus  sedet  iEneas,  secumque  volutat 

Evcntus  belli  varios  :  Pallasque  sinistro 
Aflixus  lateri,  jam  qusrit  sidera,  opace 
162.  Jam  qwtrit  iter  Noctis  iter ;  jam  qusB  passus  terrftque  marique. 
opac»  nocfis;  jain  que      Pandite  nunc  Helicona,  Deie,  cantusque  move 
dura  ^neas  paMUs  eii     ^  •   .       v  m       •  •*  *        i:      • 

Qus  manus  mterea  1  uscis  coinitetur  ab  ons 

iEnean,  armetque  rates,  pelagoque  vehatur. 
Massicus  eratA  princeps  secat  lequora  Tigri : 
167.    Sub    quo    erat  gyb  qyo  mille  manus  juvenum  ;  qui  moenia  Clui 
manus  mille  Quique  urbem  liqudre  Cosas  :  queis  tela,  sagitta 

Corytique  leves  humeris,  et  letifer  arcus. 
170.    Tonrus    AMs  Vnk  torvus  Abas :  huic  totum  insignibus  amiis 
erat  uni  cum  illo :  huic  Agmen,  et  aurato  fulgebat  Apolline  puppis. 
lotum  a^men  fulgebai     gexcentos  illi  dederat  Populonia  mater 

Expertos  belli  juvenes  :  ast  Ilva  trecentos, 

NOTES. 

147.  Frcla  :  the  watcrsof  thc  Tiber.   Con-         157.  Subjuneta.     The  ship  of  i 

^//<»ran/ ;  thoyhadjoined — cngagcdin.  Jnter  Phrygian  lions  yoked  together,  a 

t*:^t :  the  two  armics.  under  its  pro\*  or  beak  for  its  enti 

149.  Rf^tm :  iu  thc  senae  of  dueem  vel  lion  was  sacred  to  C^^bele,  who 
tviperatonm  :  the  rommandcr,  or  chicf  otfi-  ovcr  Plirypia,  and  parlicularly  oi 
ccr.     This  was  Tarchon.  Ida,  of  whosc  pines  ^neai)  had 

150.  Ftrat :  in  the  sense  of  efferat,  flcet. 

151.  Peetora  :  tho  niind  or  teniper.     Con'         15R.  Ida  :  iho  name  of  onc  of  t] 
eilitt :  prooures — gains  over  to  his  intercst.  connnandcd  by  ^ncas  in  person. 
This   alludes   to   a  supposed  alliauce  with  minet:  rises — towers  above  thc  rc 
Turnus  and  the  RutuHans.  161.  ^uizrit :  inquircs  concemi 

154.  Opes  :  troops — nieans  of  carrying  165.  Pclago:  in  tlie  sense  of  ^i 
on  thc  war — power.  Ferit :  in  thc  uensc  of  167.  Clusi.  Clusium  was  a  cit 
saneit.  cany.     Hodie^  Chiiui. 

155.  Lydia  i^rns:  aftor  tho  expulsion  of  16<^.  Cusas :  the  acc.  plu.  of  Coi 
Mezenliu.M,  the  Tusrans  wcro  forhidden  by  a  niaritinie  to%\n  of  Tuscany,  nea 
ihe  fates  to  niakc  thftuiselves  a  king,  unless  mon^ory  .'Irgeutarium.  Cosas  ia  | 
he  were  a  foreigner:  or  to  inarch  against  posilion  with  urbem.  ^ueis :  wj 
him,  unless  under  the  command  of  a  fo-  pons  werc  arrows,  Szc.  Q^ueis  :  ix 
rcign   jfcneral.     They  are    free    from    this  of  quorum. 

rcstraint,    now    Ihat    «flncas    had    arrived,         169.  C'orv/i.    Cor}'tU8  is  a  word 

and    are    at    liberty    to    cntcr    under    his  Gre*>k,  of  thc  samc  import  withj 

bannor.     The   Tu.«»cans   were   originally   a  quiver. 

colony  from  Lydia.     Henre  thcy  are  called         IT^J.  Pnf)ulnnia  :   an  adj.  from 

Ijydia  fens.     ll  is  most  likcly,  thcy  had  a  nm,  a  rity  on  the  promontf»r}-  of  I 

fleet  already   prt»parcd    for   an   expedition.  It  is  ralled  rrater.  in  the  sensc  tha 

For  in  the  short  time  .t^ncas  was  with  thcm,  called   pnreus.     Populonia   mater 

ihay  coold  not  havo  built  or  cven  oquippcd  tiic  rity  Popnlonium. 

173.  Ilra :  an  island  to  the  loatl 


iSNKIS.    LIB.  X.  Ma 

iMiriiaiistM  Chalybuin  generosa  inetalliji 

iuB,  ille  hominum  Div(jtnque  iiiterpres  Asylan,  175     'l^S.  TertiiM  trai  ilie 

i  pccudum  iibr»,  cceH  cui  sidera  parent,  Aaylw  interprM 
liiigua;  volucrum,  et  prassagi  fulminis  ignes : 

ile  rapit  densos  acie,  atque  horrentibus  hastis.  178.  IIU  rapit  millo 

^Joe  parere  jubent  Alpheae  ab  origine  Pisie,  virot  densot  acie 

wffbs  Etrusca  solo.     Sequitur  pukherrimus  Astur,  180 
^^tur  equo  fidens  et  versicoioribus  armis. 

'^or  centum  adjiciunt,  mens  omnibus  una  aequendi,  ' 

^ui  Cterete  domo,  quf  sunt  Minioiiis  in  arvis  ;  ift3.  Qui  tunt  tx  do- 

Bt  Pyrgi  veferes,  intempestieque  Gravisc*.  mo  Ccrete,  qui  sunt  iu 

Non  ego  te,  Ligurum  ductor  fortissime  bello,  186  *^^"  Muaiome 

■*  ransierim,  Cinyra  ;  et  paucis  comitate,  Cupavo,  186.  Et  /e,  O  Copavo, 

Ujus  olorinaB  surgunt  de  vertice  pennss.  coiniutc  paucis  im/fli. 
imen  amor  vestrum,  formaeque  insigne  paternie. 


hn9 


NOTES. 

lam.'  Hodie^  Elba,    It  abounded  in  iron  bum.    He  was  thrown  lieadiong  mto  flbe 

les  (meiallit)  according  to  Strabo.     Vir-  Po.     His  Bisters  sought  him  every  where, 

^^^0  here  calls   them   mexhaustible.      This  At  length,  finding  his  tomb  on  the  banka  <A 

Vriand  sent  three  hondred  men.     Generota :  that  river,  they  pined  away  with  grief  at 

ibounding  in.     Rusus  intcrprets  it  by  tn-  the  fate  of  their  brother,  and  were  trans- 

djfia,     Experiot:  expert — sliilful.  formed  either  into  alder  or  poplar  trees. 

.  177.   Ignet :    the  flashes  of  the  ominous  Sce  Ovid.  Mct.  2.     Cinyra,  king  of  the  Li- 

Hl^htning.  gures,  was  a  near  relation  of  Phaeton,  and, 

178.  Dentot :  in  the  Mnse  of  eonferiot,  grieving  immoderately  at  his  misfoTtane, 
MUiiea  is  understood.  was  changed  into  a  Cycnur,  or  swan.    Dr 

179.  Pucc,  urbt  Eirutea  tolo :  FissD,  a  city,  Trapp  talces  Cinyra  and  Cupavo  to  have 
Tiean  in  its  sitnation,  Alphean  in  itc  ori-  becn  brothers,  the  sons  of  him  who  was 
mf^  ordeis  these  troops  to  ol>ey  Asylaa.  transformed  into  a  swan.  In  this  case,  the 
Tliie  city  stood  oa  the  westera  bank  of  tlio  application  of  vettrum  is  easy  and  proper. 

^     tivwr  Araus,  in  Tusoany.     It  was  supposed  But  to  apply  it  to  Cupavo  alone,  as  most 

:^     to  liave  been  founded  by  a  colony  from  the  commentators  do,  is  not  so  proper.     He  sup- 

■^g^'  Veloponnesus.     Hence  called  Alphea^  from  poses  their  crime  to  have  bNsen  the  honoring 

;*^,  [^ipheut^  a  rivcr  of  that  country,  on  whose  of  their  fathcr  too   much,  by  bearing  his 

^^  lliuikB  stood  the  famous  city  Olympia  Pita,  mctamorphosed  iigure  (the  swan)  engraveu 

V^;'  ."jtMo :  in  the  sense  of  tiiu,  npon  their  shields,  and  liis  feathers  on  their 

!^  "     183.    Carete  domo :   from  the  city  Ctere,  iielmets.     Their  love  amounted  to  a  crime, 

^   fl  was  subject  to  Mezentius.     Hodie^  Cerve-'  because  it  was  for  one  whom  the  gods  had 

fcrC    Minionit.     Minio  was  tlie  name  of  a  puuished  for  an  offence  committcd  against 

^  ■=     hver.     Hoitie^  Mugnone.  tliem,  in  his  immoderate  grief  for  Phaeton. 

184.  Pyrgi,  Thcse  people  inhabited  a  Runus  thinks  ve«/rum  mmen,  to  be  thocrime 
^  diaritimo  town,  not  far  from  CaBre,  or  CsBre-  of  the  famiiy  in  general,  who,  by  their  im- 
::?'  lanaB.  It  has  long  since  been  destroyed.  moderate  grief  for  Phaeton,  offended  the 
c  -  ^ravitftr. :  the  name  of  a  town  on  the  sea-  gods,  and  were  many  of  tiiem  changed  into 
—      6oasU  unwhoiesome  on  account  of  the  fens  other  forms.     It  may  be  objocted  to  the  in- 

^    ar  inarshes  in  the  neighborhood.     It  took  its  terpretation  of  Dr.  Trapp,  that^tui  is  after- 

r       luune  frorn  gravitat  aerit,     All  these  differ-  ward  uscd  in  the  singular  number.     But  he 

-     «nt  citics,  with  ono  mind,  enter  tho  war.  observes,  though  they  were  brothcrs,  the 

185.  Ligurum :  the  gon.  of  Liguret^  the  oldest  might  be  mentioned  by  way  of  dis- 
Cnliabitants  of  Liguria,  an  extensive  country  tinction  and  eminence.  Davidsun  reada, 
of  Itaiy ;  a  part  uf  which  is  now  the  terri-  Cycnta.  See  Ecl.  vi.  62.  and  ^n.  v.  105. 
torj  of  Genoa.  Heyne  conjectures  there  is  here  an  interpo* 

186.  Cinyra — Cupavo,  This  passage  is  lation.  He  differs  from  commentators  in 
obaeure  and  diAicuIt.  It  has  dividod  the  general  in  the  interpretation  of  verse  186. 
•pmions  of  commcntators.  Phaeton^  the  He  connects  Cinyra  with  Cupavo  in  the 
«Mi  of  Phffibus  and  Clymeno,  deHired  of  his  same  mcmber  of  tiie  sentence.  JVon  /ranst- 
&ther  the  government  of  his  chariot  for  one  erim  te^  Cupavo^  comitaie  a  Cinyra^  ei  pauei» 
day ;  whieh  with  difficulty  was  gronted  him.  aliit^  is  his  ordo  of  constniction. 

The  youth  l>eing  unable  to  guide  the  iiery         l^iS.  Amorerimen:  R ueus  says,  amor  es| 

gieedi,  they  turnod  from  their  diuraal  track,  erimen  vestra,  Jamilia^  et  intigne  pelilum  ex 

■nd  eame  to  near  the  earth  that  it  began  to  trant/ormaiionepaint. 


^  P.  VIEGILU    MARONIS 

Namque  ferunt^  luctu  Cycnum  PhaStontli  amtti 
190.  Dam  canic  inter  Popiileas  inter  frondes  umbramque  Bororum 
pofpnl»^  frcmdei  Du^ji  canit,  et  momtum  mus&  aolatur  amorem  ; 

Canentem  molli  plum&  duxisse  senectam, 
Linquentem  terras,  et  sidera  voce  aequentem. 
Filius,  lequales  comitatus  ciasse  catervas, 
196.    Ille    Ccn/auna  Ingentem  remis  Centaurum  promoTet:  ille 
ineta^  Instat  aquse,  saxumque  undis  immane  minatur 

Arduus,  et  long&  sulcat  maria  alta  carin&. 

Ille  etiam  patriis  agmen  ciet  Ocnus  ab  oris, 
Fatidicae  Manttis  et  Tusci  filius  amnis, 
Qui  muros,  matrisque  dedit  tibi^  Mantua,  nomen 
SOI.Sed  nun  e«/unnm  Manlua,  dives  avis,  sed  non  genus  omnibus  unum. 
g«iii.  omnibu..  llligen.  ^^^^  -jjj  ^^.      ^  jj  ^^^  ^^^^  quatemi  ; 

$unt  quaterni  populi  .ub  Ipsa  caput  populis  ;    1  uscQ  de  sangmne  vires. 
f ente :  Manhta  ipsa  tst  Hinc  quoque  quingentos  in  se  Mezentius  armat, 
caput  populis :  e/tM  virea  Qiios,  patre  Benaco,  velatus  arundine  glaucA, 
fun/  de  Mincius  infcstft  ducebat  in  aequora  pinu. 

205.     Quo.    Minciu.      j  •    ^^,1^^^  centen&que  arbore  fluctum 

9n*n»  tx  patre  Benaoo,  ,,     ,  *  '  ^^       , 

velatua.  Verberat  assurgens  :  spumant  vada  marmore  ven 

Hunc  vehit  innnanis  Triton,  et  coerula  conchi 

NOTES. 

190.  Umbram  torontm :  the  nhade  of  hii  divided  into  twelve  lucommonies,  i 
Miter. — tlie  shade  of  the  treo.,  into  which  itie..     i^eni :  in  tbe  senae  of  nolte. 
bi.  .i.ters  were  tran.rormed.  liueage-— descent. 

191.  Mtud :  with  music,  or  .ong.  jqS.  Vtret  de  Tuseo^  ftc     Bj  th 

192.  CaneTitem:  growing  while,  or  being  to  underrtand  that  the  Tuscan  pi 
•loat»>ed,   with   the   downy   plume.  of  the  Mantuan  population  waa  the  greati 

.waii,  pasMcd  out  his  old  ajre,  &c.  „^.1      a        m   -            ^         4- 

,n-     /.     I                 fri                  f  tu^  -k;.v  204.    Armal  %n  te:  Mezentms  i 

19j.  Ltntaiirnm.      1  he  naine  oi  tne  .nip     tt    r  •  u  •     .  r      *u  • 

..      ^,     .                   II  j  *'         i             '^  Ho  nimishe.  a  iu«t  cauM  for  their 

was  the  Centaur,  so  called  trom  havmg  a  ■     .  u^ 

#-•     *               .1                  j             .1       4*  arm.  asfainst  him. 

Centaur  paintcd,  or  carvcd  upon  the  stem,  ^ 

holdiiig  a  hu^e  stone  in  his  hand,  with  which  205.    Patre  Benaco,     The  Ben 

he  seemed  to  tlireatin  the  wavcs.    The  Cen-  ^^^^  »»  ^he  territory  of  Verona.    H 

tauri  wore  fablea  to  be  nionsters,  half  man  g^  di  Garda.     The  river  Minciu. 

and  half  liorse.     See  Gcor.  ii.  456.     Pro-  of  i^-     Hence  the  epithet  potre  ii 

ntoret :  \n  the  t»cn8c  of  impellit.  Benacus. 

19B.  Ocnus.     Ho  was  not  the  founder  of  206.  Mi7irius :  here  the  god  of 

Mantua;  but  rather  tho  fortifier  and  eniarg-  M»nciu8.    He  is  represented  as  mo¥ 

er.     The  same  as  Bianor.     Seo  Ecl.  ix.  60.  ^^^  stream  in  hostile  shipe  to  join  i 

Ho  gave  it  the  naine  of  Mantua.  from  Manto,  against  Mezentius.    Hence  the  epit 

thenameofhiBiiiother.    Manto:  gen.  Man-  ^hich  i.  common  to  all  the  deit 

tus,  the  name  of  a  nymph.     Hence  the  epi-  here  given  to  the  lake  Benacus,  oul 

ihei /atidica:  prophetic,     CiW ;  in  the  8cn8e  ^he  river  Minciu.  rises.      relatw 

of  movtt  vel  ducit.  sense  of  eoronatut^  says  Rueus. 

201.  .S></  non  (renus,  &c.     Tt  appcars  that  /"*'«•     Ruwus  says,  navibus  inimu 

the   inhabitants  of  the    Mantuan   territory  ''o-     PiriuSy  by  meton.  for  navis  ▼ 

were  not  of  one  cominon  ori^in.     We  are  207.    Ctntena  arbore  :   with    an 

lold  they  werc  partly  from  T^ucia  or  Etru-  oar».     The  oar  is  here  called  arl 

ria^  partly  from   yenetia^  and   partly   from  noto  its  size  and  ma^iitudc.     Mat 

OaUia,     ThiH  oxplainB  i;ens  illi  triphx :  ini-  so:  tho  surface  being  upturned.     f^ 

plyingthatthe  population  connifitcdof  people  is  plainly  put  for  the  water  of  ti 

froin  thoMo  three  nations.     Tho  wliole  terri-  for,  on  this  river,  the  flect  of  JE 

tory  was  divided  into  four  cities,  districtB  equipped.     // :  in  the  senso  of  dh 

or  coinmunitieH :  populi  sub  gejite  quatemi.  ietes  wa8  the  coininander  of  these 

Each  of  wliich  had  it«  Lucoinon,  or  petty  209.    Triton.     flc  was  the  tnii 

king.     Of  these  four,  Maiitua  was  tho  prin-  Neptune,  and  used  a  shtll  instead  c 

eipal  or  chicf  city,  ipja  ra/7ti/ /)o/;u/i>.     This  pet.     His  uppcr  part  was  repreef 

fAiritorv  «va.  a  part  ol  Etruria.  which  waa  man«  hin  lower  part  as  a  fish.  Here 


iENEIS.    LIB.  X. 

m 

ExtmmnB  freta :  cui  lAtenim  tonus  hispida  nanti        210     SIO.  Csi  TWftiM  naiitk 

jfrons  hoininein  pnefert.  in  pristin  desinit  alvua  ,  hifpida    froM    pivfcft 

Spiamea  semile/o  «ub  pectore  murmurat  unda  ''^"^•"^  ^^ 

T*oc  lecU  procerea  ter  denia  navihus  ibant 

Btibsidio  Trojae,  et  campoa  &ali8  aere  secabant. 

Jamque  dies  coflo  concesserat,  almaque  cumi        915 

P^c>cslivago  Phoebe  medium  pulsabat  Olympum. 

^ncas  (neque  enim  membris  dat  cura  quietem) 

IpAQ  sedens  clammque  regit^  velisque  ministrat. 

A^-^ue  illi  medio  in  spatio,  chonis  ecce  suarum  •    219.  Ercechonitfiia> 

iV^ourrit  comitum,  Nymphoe^  quas  alma  Cybele  220  nim   comituin   occurrit 

N^tncn  habere  maris,  Nymphasque  d  navibus  esse  '"*'    *^'P^     Nympli», 

Ja^aerat :  innabant  pariter,  fluctusque  secabant,  ^  ^ 

Q^ot  prius  aeratie  steterant  ad  htora  prors. 
A^noscunt  longe  regem,  lustrantque  choreis. 

Quarum,  quae  fandi  doctissima,  Cymodocea,  226     245.  Quarum  Vym^ 

Pone  sequeiis,  dexlrA  puppim  tenet :  ipsaque  dorso  nm  ftk^""'  *''  «*octi«. 

Eniinet,  ac  l»v&  tacitis  subreini«jrat  undis. 

Tum  sic  ignaruin  alloquitur  :   Vigiiasne,  De(im  gens,  228.  Tum  alloquitar 

iBnea  ?  vigila,  et  velis  inimitte  rudentes.  *•**"  ignarum  hamm  r»- 

No6  sumus  Ido;»  sacro  de  vertice  pinus,  230  "^  '^^ 

Nunc  pelagi  Nymphs:,  classis  tua.     Perfidus  ut  noa  231.  Oiim  tua  cla«ai 

Prascipites  ferro  Rutulus  flamm&que  premebat: 
Rupimus  invitse  tua  vincula,  teque  per  equor 
Jliuerimus.     Hanc  genitrix  faciem  miserata  refecit^ 

ESt  dedit  esse  Deas,  scvumque  il^ritare  sub  undis.  236     235.   Dedit  no$  mm^ 

At  puer  Ascanius  muro  fossisque  tenetur  »>•••  maru 

k    Tela  inter  media,  atque  horrentes  Marte  Latinos. 

r  "  lain  !oca  jussa  tenet  forti  pennixtus  Etrusco 

\    Arcaa  eques.     Mcdias  ilhs  opponcre  turmas, 

castris  jungant,  certa  est  seiitentia  Turno.  240 


NOTES. 

I 

sTaship;  or  the  figureprefized  to  thestom,        234.  Refeeit:  in  the  ■en«e  of   mf/'«iPi/ 

ikm  the  Ceniaur  above  mentioned.  changed  us  into  thie  form.    Oenitrix  t  C/- 

StO.  Tenui  laterum :  down  to  the  waitt.  bele,  the  mother  of  the  god& 

SI4.  JEre:  with  their  brazen  prowa.   •£«        2J7.  HorrerUet:  Rueua  ■ays,/m»ref.  M«r> 

jlpuUiea  any  thing  made  of  braH.  te :  in  the  Mmae  of  Ifello. 

215.  Contesserat :  had  given  way — ^yield-        238.  PermixtuM :  in  the  «cnie  of  :imehi$» 

•i  te  the  niphu    JVbr/i  is  iinderstood.  Etrweo:  the  ■ingnlar  for  tho  plu. :  the  va- 

S16.  Puhahat :  arrivcd  at — ^touched.    Ru-  fiant  Tuecana. 
mam  ■mya,  attingrbat.    Oljfmpum :  for  eedum.        239.  Areae  upui :    the  Arcadian  horaa. 

plkmbe:  the  moon.  Theee  were  the  cavalry  fumislicd  by  Fvan» 

S21.  Habere  numen  maris :  to  have  divi-  der.     It  ia  mo«t  probable  that  ^nea*  gdV(| 

wStty  of  the  sea — to  become  nympha  of  the  direction  to  the  Arcadians  and  Tuacana,  hii 

Ma.  alties,  to  repair  to  soine  parucular  place  by 

S24   Luslrant:   in  the  aense  of  eireum^  land,  while  he  went  with  tlie  flect  by  water; 

gmit.  alUiough  no  «uch  place  is  mentioned  by  tha 

S27.  Emmet  dorso :    she  rises  above  tho  poet.     Tumus  bving  informed  of  w  hal  w  ig 

•iirtfaco  cf  tho  water  with  her  back.    Subre'  ^oing  on  in  Tuscany,  and  that  Alnw  wan 

mifni:  she  swims — rows  herself  along,  l:c.  coming  on  with  reintbrcomrntJi,  like  ■  skill- 

928.  Gcn* :  in  the  Mcnse  of  tobotes.  ful  general,  resolves  to  intcrcept  theni,  to 

229.  Immitte  nultntes  retts:  eive  the  shtfett  attack  them  on  the  way,  aiid  prevent  theiii 
!••  the  sttils — 5pread  the  saiTi  to  the  ful'  from  fonning  a  junction  with  the  Tr«>jsns 
Iflfigtji  of  tlic  hultiors  or  sfaee^s.  in  the  canip,  wl.oni  he  w^s  thrn  blockadiii:;. 

230.  f  rrncr :  in  tlie  ipcniiG  of  noii.te.  240.    JungtrU  :   joir    theiiiselves  tu  tlie 
232.  Practpites:  in  the  sciue  of^Nrtc/i-  camp— to  the  troops  in    tho  caLip.      Tiia 

Wn/es  prou.  tue  is  andefstoud 


805 


P.  ViRGILII  MARONiS 


i^rge,  age,  et  AutoH  sociob  venieDte  ▼ocari 
Primus  in  anna  jube ;  ot  clypeum  cape,  qoQn  dadk  ipi 
Invictum  Ignipotens,  atque  oraa  ambiit  auro. 
Crastina  lux^  mea  si  non  irrita  dicta  puliris, 
Ingentes  Rutulae  spectabit  caedis  acervoe.  M 

Dixerat :  et  dextri  discedens  impulit  aHun, 
847.  DU  navu  Haud  ignara  modi,  puppim.     Fugit  illa  per  undaa, 

Ocyor  et  jaculo  et  Tentos  «equanta  sagitCA. 
Inde  aliie  celerant  curaua.     Stupet  iDacius  ipse 
Tros  Anchisiades ;  animos  tamen  omine  toUit.  IfO 

Tum  breviter,  supera  aapectans  conTexa,  precatur 
t52.  lUiDa  Cyheh^  alma  Alma  parens  Idiea  Deim,  cui  Dindyma  cordi, 
parens     Doorura,     cui  Turrigeraeque  urbea,  bijugique  ad  fraena  leones ; 
^^^.""BiK-tone.  T"  n.ihi  nunc  pugn»  princeps ;  tu  rit^prapinq«. 
ioct/e«  ad  fr»na ;  Augunum,  Phrygibusque  adsis  pede,  DiTa,  secundo.  zd5 

S56.  JEneat  effatni  eti  Tantum  effatus :  et  intcreli  reroluta  ruebat 
heec  lanium.  Matur4  jam  luce  diea,  noctemque  fugArat. 

Principio  sociis  edicit,  signa  aequantur, 
Atque  animoB  aptent  armis,  pugncque  parent  ae. 
Jamque  in  conspectu  Teucros  habet  et  8ua  castra, 
Stans  cels&  in  puppi.  Clypeum  tum  deinde  siniatrA 
Extulit  ardentem.  Clamorem  ad  sidera  toDunt 
Dardanidse  e  muris.  Spes  addita  auscitat  iras 
Tela  manu  jaciunt.  Quales'8ub  nubibua  atris 
Strymonie  dant  aigna  grues,  atque  lethera  tranant 
Cum  sonitu,  fugiuntque  Notos  clamdre  eecundo. 
t67.  At  ea  eaperuni  At  Rutulo  regi  ducibusque  ea  mira  Tideri 
?idon  mira  Ausoniis  ;  donec  versas  ad  litora  puppea 

Rcspiciunt,  totumque  allabi  classibus  equor. 
270.  Apex  ^oieceardet  Ardet  apex  capiti,  cristisque  k  vertice  flamma  tW 

wiDiti  ^nea  Funditur,  et  vastos  umbo  vomit  aureua  ignes. 

Non  secus  ac  liquid^  si  quando  nocte  comets 

NOTES. 

!242.  Dedit :  in  th«  sente  of  reddidit.  tuum  hahere,    La  Cerda  payv,  faetat  avgf^ 

243.  Orat:  the  bordera  or  edges  of  the  rium  propitium,     Valpy:    ^by   your  on 

shield.  prescnce  give  eflfect  to  the  augury.** 

249.  j1U(b  eelerani :  the  other  nymphe  ac-  255.  Phrygihut   adtit :    aid  the  TroJHi 
celerate  the  motion  of  the  other  shipa,  as  with  thy  propitioas  presence,  pede  ttxiadt 
Cymodocea  had  done  that  of  iEneaa.  259.  Aptent :  fii— prepare.     RueuB  ^Kf^ 

250.  ToUit  animos.      Dr.   Trapp   under-  excittnt. 

stands  this  of  il^^ieas  taking  coura^o  him-  265.  Oruet  dant^  Sic.     This  compariioa ii 

Kolf.     Davidson,  of  hisoncoura^ing  hisnien.  taken  from  Homer.     The  cranes  are  cdM 

^  He  raincs  tho  spiritf*  of  his  troops.'*  Stn/monian^  from  Strymon,  a  river  of  lls» 

251.  Hupera  convexa :  Ihe  high  canopy  of  cedonia,  in  the  confines  of  Thrace,  wbiit 
hcdvon.  cranes  aboundcd.     Signa  :  signs  or  sif^/^ 

252.  Dindyma  :  neu.  phi.  Dtndymut^  in  of  tho  approaching  storm  by  their  voicea 
tJie  sinir. :  a  niountain  in  Phrygia,  so  callud  269.  Totum  ttquor:  the  wholc  surficetf 
rroiii  its  having  two  tops.     Coridi :  for  a  de-  the  water  to  be  covered,  Hcc     Ruaui  mjt» 
Ught.  appellu 

254.  Proj)inquet  augurium :    render  the  270.  jipex  ardet  eapiii.     This  imcrsf^ 

omon  propitiou»  in  due  form.     Rueus  says,  of  the  armor  of  £neas,  is  taken  from  Ho- 

fccundej  omen  bene — prtrsenttit  hoc  augitrio.  mor^s  desrription  of  that  of  Achilles. 

Herc  the  verb  propinquo^  thoiigh  properly  271.  Fomit :  in  tho  sensc  of  etMf//ii.    Cb- 

intransitive,  beromeH  traiiKitive^  and  has  the  ho  :  the  middle  point  of  the  sbield*  by  IJBM 

acc  atlcr  it.     Of  propmqu^t  augurium  nte^  takcn  fo    ihe  whole  shield. 

Uuyne  says,/»^  ottentum  hoe  riti  eventum  272.  Comeliz     Comets  are  planets  fai*' 


iENEIS.    UB.  X.  6(r 

Smngtiinei  lugubrd  rubent ;  aut  Sirius  ardor , 

Dle,  Bitim  morbosque  ferens  mortalibus  aegria, 

Nascitur,  et  lievo  contristat  lumiiie  coelum.  S76 

Ilaud  tamen  audaci  Tumo  fiducia  cessit 

Litora  prsbripere,  et  venientes  pellere  terrft. 

Ultrd  animos  tollit  dictis,  atque  increpat  ultrd  :  278.  Ultr^  tolltt  ani* 

Quod  votis  optftstis,  adest,  perfringere  dextrft :  >"<>■  tuorum  hit  dictia 

[n  manibus  Mars  ipse,  viri.     Nunc  coniugb  esto       280  ^^^*  ^^^  ^^^  P?!' 
r\   •  4     *•  /•  _x  fiinffore  hottetn  dextrA. 

Quisque  suae  tectique  memor ;  nunc  magna  referto  ^„0^ 

Facta,  patrum  laudes.     Ultrd  occurramus  ad  dndam, 

Dum  trepidi,  egressisque  labant  vestigia  prima.  283.Dumitm/tTepidi, 

^udentes  fortuna  juvat.  primaque  vertigia  lobanl 

HoBC  ait :  et  secum  versat,  quos  ducere  contriL  285  •"JST**!?*  "^^'  •*  m 

Vel  quibus  obsessos  possit  concredere  muros.  cere  contra  JEnemu  v«l 

Intere^  iEncas  socios  de  puppibus  ahis  quibus 

Pontibus  exponit.     Mnlti  servare  recursus 
Languentis  pelagi,  et  brevibus  se  credere  saltu  ; 

Per  remos  alii.     Speculatus  litora  Tarchon,  290     290.  Alii  exponynt  ta 

Qjak  vada  non  spirant,  nec  fracla  remurmurat  unda,  P""  «^™*»* 

Bbd  mare  inoifensum  crescenti  allabitur  sestu, 
Advertit  subitd  proras,  sociosque  precatur : 
Nunc,  6  lecta  nianus,  validis  incumbite  remis : 
Tollite,  ferte  rates  :  inimicam  findite  rostris  295 

NOTES. 

gnlar  in  their  motiona,  moving  in  very  ec-  The  addraai  is  short,  but  it  beepeaks  tbo  tol- 

Dentric  orbits.     Somelimee  they  approach  dier  and  the  commander. 

rery  near  Ihe  sun;  when  they  have  a  pro-  .     279.  Per/ringere  dextrd.     Servius   says 

lection,  or  tail,  which  has  a  fiery  or  luminous  this  is  a  military  phrase,  and  imports  /aeert 

app^arance.    This  is  always  directly  oppo-  /ortiier.    Adett :  it  is  arrived — ^the  time  u 

rite  the  sun  as  seen  firom  the  comet,  and  is,  come.     Temput  is  understood. 

most  probably,  its  dense  atmosphere,  illumi-  280.    Mmrt  ipte:    the  battle  is  ui  yonr 

nated  by  the  sun,  and  propelled  by  the  force  power,  O  men. 

of  the  rays  of  light  issuing  from  the  sun.  281.  AWie  re/erto:  now  leteach  one  imi- 

They   were  fornierly   considercd  ominous,  tate-— call  to  nis  memoiy.      Rucbus   says. 

portending  diHaster  to  men.     The  word  is  memoret. 

derived  from  the  Greek.    Liquida :  a  clear  282.  Laudet :  the  glory  of  his  ar.cestorB. 

Bight,  Davidson  reads,  laudaque.    Others  omit  tho 

273.  Rttbent  htgubri :  blaze  frightfully —  que. 

balefuliy :  that  is,  portending  disaster  to  the  284.  Audentet:  the  bold — courageoiu. 

world.     Sangninei:  fiery — red.     Siriut  ar-  285.  Vertat:  in  the  sense  of  ro/vi/. 

dor:  tbe  star  Sirius.     It  is  sometimes  called  288.  Multi  tervare:   many  began  to  ob- 

Ihe  dog-Ntar,  froni  the  circumstance  of  its  senre  the  retreat  cf   the  ebbing .  sea,  &0. 

being  in  the  sign  Canity  or  the  dog.     Sirius  The  landing  or  debarkation  of  the  troope 

!■  here  used  as  an  adjective.    It  is  a  star  of  was  eflTected  in  three  divisions.     The  one 

the  first  magnitude.  nnder  iEneas  land^d  on  bridges  thrown  firoui 

275.  Lfjtro :  inauspicious.  the  ships  upon  the  shore.     Another  songht 

277.  Praripere:  in  the  sense  of  anteea"  flats  and  shallows,  whichmight  beoverflown 

nere.     It  was  the  plan  of  Tumus  to  take  when  the  tide  was  fuU,  and  bare  at  the  obb- 

possession  of  the  shore,  and,  if  possiblo,  to  They  leap  out  upon  these,  and,  by  the  help 

prevent  tho  landing  of  the  troops.     By  do-  of  oars,  get  to  the  shore.     The  division  nn* 

ing  this,  he  would  have  an  advsntage  over  der  Tarchon  sought  an  open  and  smooth 

tliein.  shore,  where  the  waves  flowed  on  withonc 

?78.  Inerepat,    This  Rutsns  interprets  by  meeting  with   an  impodimcnt  or  obstacle; 

idhortalur.     Ultro  animot.    This  line  is  not  and  where  landing  would  be  less  dangerotUb 

!bn«id    in    scveral    ancient   MSS.      Heyne  The  verb  ecfperunt  is  understood. 

rnarKs  it  as  an  interpolation.     Ultro^  here,  289.  Languentis:  cbbmg — falling. 

implies  that  Tumus,  immediately  on  seeinff  291.   Spirant.     This  is  tlie  reading  of 

iKe  cnemy  advance  to  the  shore,  addroased  Heyne.      The  common  reading  is  tperat. 

fciLi  inen«  and  animated  them  to  the  conteet.  Qud  vada :  where  the  bottom  or  shallows 


fiOS  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

,    Hanc  terrain,  sulcumque  sibi  premat  ipsa  carina 
Frangere  nec  tali  puppim  statione  recuso, 
Arrept&  tellure  semel.     Qus  talia  postquam 
f99.   Socii    Mepertm/  Efiatus  Tarchon^  socii  consurgere  tonsis, 
coiiauri^  touiis  Spumantesque  rates  arvis  inferre  Latinis, 

Donec  rostra  tenent  siccum  ;  et  sed^re  carinas 
302.  Sed  lua  puppiB  Qmnes  innocuse  ;  sed  non  puppis  tua,  Tarchon. 
non  erat  ijinocua  Namque  inflicta  vadis  dorso  dum  pendet  iniquo, 

Anceps  sustentata  diu,  fluctusque  fatigat, 
Solvitur,  atque  viros  mediis  exponit  in  undis : 
Fragmina  remorum  quos  et  fluitantia  transtra 
Impediunt,  retrahitque  pedes  simul  unda  relabens 
309.  Totamaciem  mo-      Nec  Turnum  segnis  retinet  mora  ;  sed  rapit  ac 
nm,  etriiitit  eot  in  litore  Totam  aciem  in  Teucros,  et  contrk  in  lilore  sistit 

^^\^  «^w^am.  Siirna  canunt.     Primus  turmas  invasit  afifrestes 

317.   Nec  long^  htne   jrP  *       •*         t    ^ 

deiccit  leio  iEneas,  omen  pugnae  :  stravitque  Latinos, 

319.   Arma    Herculis  Occiso  Therone  ;  vir6m  qui  maximus  ultrd 

juvere  illos  nihil ;   ttut  iEneam  petit.     Huic,  gladio  perque  srea  suta^ 

valideB  raanus,  gonitor-  Per  tunicam  squalentem  auro,  latus  haurit  apertu 

que   Melarapus,  coraes  j^j^  ^  ferit,  exsectum  jam  matre  perempti 

AlcidiB  UBque  dum  tcrra  T^,    .,  .  •'„,     ,        ^  ^*  j         /•      • 

pnBbtfit  graves  labores  ^t  tibi,  PhGBbe,  sacrum  ;  casus  eyadere  fem 

illu  juv^re  eos  nii.  Qu6d  licuit  parvo.     Nec  longd  Cissea  durum^ 

3!23.  Sistit  illud  in  ore  Imniancmque  Gyam,  stementes  agmina  clavlL, 
9'ia  clamantis.  Tu  quo-  Dejecit  leto.     Nihil  illos  Herculis  arma, 
2rm  ^qi"eril'Utit;:  N;1  vj.lid«  juvdr*  manus,  genitorque  Melampu^ 
tua  nova   gaudia,    fla-  AlcKiaB  comes  usque,  graves  dum  terra  labores 
ventem     quoad    malas  Praebuit.     Ecce  Pharo,  voces  dum  jactat  inertes 
prima   lanugin^,    mise-  Intorquens  jaculum,  clamantis  sistit  in  ore. 
rande   juvenis,    jaceres      fy  quoque,  flaventem  primft  lanugine  malas 
stratus  Dardama  dcxtrA,  i-\  •     oi   *•         •    r  r  j-       /^  j 

securus   amorura    juve-  5"'"  '^^.^'^"^  ^^>?>"'^  "^^^^^*'  "^^'^  ^^"^^^  ^)'^* 
num,  qui  semper  erant  Dardania  stratus  dextra,  securus  aniorum, 

cAarttibi;  m  Qui  juvenum  tibi  semper  erant,  miserande,  jace: 

NOTES. 

were  not  rough.     Spirant :  in  the  sense  of  311.  Omen:  in  the  sense  of  tf 

a-Btuant.  faustum  auspicium. 

29^  Inofffjmim:   smoolh— unobstructed.  313,  s^^f^ :   part.  pass.  of  the 

.f^ecfrarta:  not  broken— dashed  ajjainst  aiiy  taken  as  a  sub.  the  seams  or  fo 

obstruction.  Bhield— the  Phiold  itself.     JErea 

296.  Premat:  m  the  sense  of  aperiat.  brazcn  shield.     Somc  copies  liave 

299.  lonsis:  properly,  the  blade;  by  sy-  314,  HaurU :    in  the  sen  e  of 

nec.  Ihe  whole  oar.     Remis,  says  Ruajus.  Huic :  in  the  sense  of  hujus, 

301.  Siccum:  /orfzm  is  understood.  01-    r        .  .       * 

ortc»  f  r       D fi  olD.  JtL,xsutum:  cut  out,  or  extr 

302.  Innocuo'.:  safe.     Ruobus  says,  i//ff*(c.  ,.         ,.  ,        j     j 
„^,,  #            j                                      i     I  "18  molhcr,  when  dcad. 

303.  htiquo  dorso :  an,uneven  or  broken 

bank  of  sand.  316.  Ferri.      Ferrum  hcre  is  t 

304.  Sustentata    diu  aneeps :  continuing  '"«'"^  ^i^h  which  his  molher  ws 
a  long    time   in    that   danfferous   situation.  ^«-"^  •  ^'»e  danger  of  tliat  instrui 
Fatigatquefiucttis.    Sorvius  explains  this  by  ^he  body  of  tho  infant.     Parto: 
fluctusfatifrat  narem ;  taking  /mc/u*  for  the  ^*" ^,  or  rather  mfant. 

nom.     But  it  is  easicr,  and   more    poctical  320.  A'i7.     Heyne  rcads  nec. 

to  say  :  **  the  ship  tires  the  wavc^."     They  mon  reading  is  nil. 

beat  and  dash  against  it  so  long,  that  they  324.  Ftaventem :  yellow  as  to  ! 

naj  be  said  poetically  and  elegantly  to  be  with  the  iirst  down.     His   beard 

tiiM  or  wearied  out.     Valpy  says,  ^^bufiets  begun  to  grow. 

^          VM."  325.  JV ota  gaudia :  in  the  sense 

:4pitiitifi/#iicrna:  they  sound  the  signal  amicum.  Heyno  Btiys.,  dettcias.  Isq 

"'^fi^ld*    Coiiimf  *  in  the  sense  of  «o-  326.  Secunu  amorum :  reg&nu 

love  of  the  youths  Slc.  becaose  d 


MNEtS.    LIB   X 


ii#)9 


336 


-Hi  Antnim  stipata  coliors  foret  obvia,  Phorci 
Avigenins ;  septem  numero,  septenaque  tela 
Conjiciunt :  partim  gale&  clypeoque  renultant  330 

ifntn. :  deflexit  partim  stringenlia  corpus 
Ajfna  Venus.     Fidum  iEneas  affatur  Achaten  : 
^y^ifgere  tela  mihi ;  non  ullum  dextera  frustriL 
^orBerit  in  Rutulos  ;  steterunt  qu»  in  corpore  Graiiim 
Jj^^ciis  campis.     Tum  magnam  corripit  hastam, 
^   Jacit.     Illa  volans  clypei  transverberat  aera 
J^^onis,  et  thoraca  simul  cum  pectore  rumpit. 
^Uic  frater  subit  Alcanor,  fratremque  ruentem 
^lateiitat  dexlr^  :  trajecto  missa  lacerto 
^ifotiiius  hasta  fugit,  servatque  cruenta  tenorem  , 
^l^exteraque  ex  humero  nervis  moribuiida  pependit. 
T^um  Numitor,  jaculo  fratris  de  corpore  rapto, 
-4lneam  pctiit :  sed  non  et  figere  contr^ 
Cst  licitum,  magnique  femur  perstrinxit  Achatae. 
Hic  Curibus,  fidens  primaivo  corpore,  Clausus 
Jidvenit,  et  rigidft  Dryopen  ferit  eminus  hastA 
8ub  mentum  graviter  pressft,  pariterque  loquenti 
Vocem  animamquc  rapit,  trajecto  gutture  :  at  ille 
Fronte  ferit  terram,  et  crassum  vomit  oro  cruorem. 
Tres  quoque  Threicios,  Boreae  de  gente  suprem& ; 
Et  tres,  quos  Idas  pater,  et  patria  Ismara  mittit, 
Per  varios  sternit  casus.     Occurrit  Halaesus, 
AumncaKjue  manus  :  subit  et  Neptunia  proles, 


331.  AUut  VeDUf  d»> 
flezit  partim  ianiitm 
■tringantia  oorpttBjKneob 


340 


339.  Protinm  cUlertf 
haata  missa,  lacerta 
Akanoria  trajecto,  fuirit 


345 


350 


350.  Fer  vanoi  eaana 
■temit  trei  Threieiof 
quoque,  do  luprema 


NOTES. 


330.  Partim :  a  nonn  partitive :  some  of 
them.     Rernltant :  in  the  senne  ofWn/tun/. 

331.  Dejkxit:  tums  aeide,  ao  that  they 
fnat  touched  his  body. 

333.  Suggere  :  give  to  me  the  darts,  &c. 

339.  Hatta  protinus  missa.  It  is  ^enerallj 
Ihought  by  commentators  that  the  same 
•pear  which  killcd  MoBon,  also  wounded 
Aleanor  in  the  arm.  But  it  is  difficult  to 
eonccive  that  a  javclin,  aficr  it  had  passed 
ihrough  a  shicld  of  brass  and  a  breast  plate, 
should  retaio  so  much  force  as  to  pasii 
through  the  budy  of  a  man,  and  in  its 
oourse  wound  another  person  in  the  ann  ; 
mnd,  after  this,  that  it  should  continuo  its 
way  some  dislance.  Some  conjecture  they 
were  diftcrcnt  woapons:  and  for  this  there 
ia  considerable  ground  of  probability.  Those 
who  think  there  was  only  one  spear,  rely 
much  upon  the  word  protiniu^  which  thoy 
•mj,  means,  strait-way — right  forward  ;  but 
it  also  means,  forthwith — immediately.  Be- 
■ide,  Alcanor  did  not  seize  his  brotlier  till  he 
was  in  the  act  of  falling,  and  the  dart,  con- 
aaquently,  done  itit  execution,  and  passed 
from  the  body  on  ita  way.  Granting  that 
ttrait^way  is  the  proper  meaning  ofprotinta 
ui  this  place,  may  it  not  refer  to  the  quick- 
MM  of  >Eneafl  in  repeatinff  his  throwa,  as 
wdl  as  to  the  motion  of  Sie  dart  f  After 
alU  the  suppoaitton  of  thnre  bning  two  dmrts, 


makes  the  sense  easier,  and  does  no  vioience 
to  the  words. 

Afler  Aneas  had  killed  Meon,  obserring 
his  brother  in  the  act  of  supporting  him,  and 
bearing  him  off,  immediately,  so  that  there 
seemed  to  be  no  interval  between  the  two 
darts,  hurled  one  at  him  which  passeU 
through  his  shoulder;  and,  bloody  from  the 
wound  it  had  infiicted,  continuod  on  ita 
course  for  some  distance.  This  is  the  opi- 
nion  of  Heyne.  He  eays,  hnsta  atia  miMta 
ab  *^nea, 

343.  Conirh :  in  the  sense  of  tneinim, 

345.  Curibu$ :  from  Cwea,  This  was  a 
city  of  the  Sabines.  Of  this  city  was  Ctou- 
na,  who  commanded  the  Sabme  troops. 
See  £n.  vii.  707. 

347.  Pretsd gravUer :  driven  with  violence 
under  his  chin.  Preua  agrees  with  hattA, 
Pariter :  in  tbe  sense  of  nmtU. 

350.  Borea,  Boreaty  properly,  tho  north 
wind,  fabled  to  have  been  the  son  of  the 
river  Strymon  in  Macedonia,  or  rathor  of 
the  god  of  the  river  Strymon.  Suprema  : 
in  the  sense  of  altd  vel  niblinn.  Some  take 
it  in  tho  sense  of  cdr/remii,  remote:  meaning 
they  were  a  remote  or  distant  nation  of  the 
earth. 

351.  Itmara :  a  city  of  Thrace,  not  flir 
from  mount  Itmaru»^  ancordiM  to  Servine 

352.  Canu :  in  the  eenee  ofmoi» 


610  P.  VIRGILn  MAAONIB 

364.   Nunc  hi,  nunc  Insignis  Messapus  equis.     Expellere  tendunt 
illitenduntexpellerea/tt  ]n;u„c  hi,  nunc  illi.     Ccrtatur  limine  \l  ipso 
aitotiloco.  Aufloni».     Magno  discordes  «Bth^  venti 

Prselia  ceu  tollunt,  animis  et  viribus  o^quis : 
368w  Ipsi  venti  non  in-  Non  ipsi  inter  se,  non  nubila,  non  mare,  cedunt : 
ter  te,  non  nubila.  aon  Anceps  pugna  diu,  stant  obnixa  onuiia  contra 
maro,  cedunt  Haud  aliter  Trojan»  acies,  aciesque  LatinoB 

Concurrunt :  haeret  pede  pes,  densusque  viro  vir 

At  parte  ex  ali4,  qu4  saxa  rotantia  lat^ 
Iinpulerat  torrens,  arbustaque  diruta  ripis, 
364.  Ut  primum  Pal-  Arcadas,  insuetos  acies  inferre  pedestres, 
la*  vidit  Arcadaa,  insue-  ^j^  yijjt  Pallas  Latio  dare  tei]ga  sequaci : 
^  Aspera  queis  natura  loci  diroittere  quando 

Suasit  equos  ;  unum  quod  rebus  restat  egenis ; 
368.  Ille  accendit  vir-  Nunc  prece,  nuiic  dictis  virtutem  accendit  amara ; 
lutem     tuorum^     nunc  Qud  fugitis  socii  ?  per  vos,  et  fortia  facta, 

fi*.*^'u"od"^um""  ^'^^'  ^®^  ^"^*®  Evandri  nomen,  devictaque  bella, 
"359"  Orrper  vo.,  et  Spemque  meam,  patria3  quoB  nunc  siibit  aBmula  la« 
fortia  facta  Fidite  ne  pcdihus.     Ferro  rumpenda  per  bostea 

Est  via,  qu&  globus  ille  virCUn  densissimus  urget : 
374.   H&c  parie  alu  H&c  vos,  et  Pallanta  ducem  patria  alta  reposcit 
patria  roposcit.  Numina  nulla  premunt ;  mortali  urgemur  ab  bosle 

373.  .Yo*moitale.ur-  Mortales ;  totidem  nobis  animaeque  manusque, 
ffemur  an  mortali  hoste;  ^  '.  11..  \-  * 

nmt  nobie  totidem  ani-  Ecce,  mans  magno  claudit  nos  objice  pontus : 

meqne  manusque,  quoi  Deest  jam  terra  fugffi  :  pelagus,  Trojamne  petemn 

nml  iUit.  Hsec  ait :  et  medius  densos  prorumpit  in  hostes. 

Obvius  huic  primilkm,  fatis  adductus  iniquis, 

Fit  La£[us  :  hunc,  magno  vellit  dum  pondere  saxui 

NOTES. 

io4.  Messajn^.      Soe  ^n.  vii.  691.     He  only  thing  that  rcmained  to  be  done, 

!s  tlicro  called  dorrntor  rtfuum^  bccause  the  his  men,  and  bring  thcin   up  lo  ihe 

horse  was  saore']  lo  Nc.plune,  his  reputed  fa-  He  puts  llicni  in  niind  thal  thcir  on 

ther.     Hcnce  hc  is  called,  jytpiunia  proles.  of  safcty  is  in  victory.     He  nicntio 

358.   Ctdiint.      Tho    comnion   rcading  is  valiant  achicvenient8^  their  hnttles  f 

re(fi7in  the  sing.     Heync  rcadn  cf rfim/,  which  name  of  their  venerable  monarch,  k 

ib  preferable.  on  this  occ&sion^  Pallas  manifested 

'J69.  Obnixa.     Sci^c  copies  have  obnixi.  trepid  cauimonder. 

But  Pieriua  infonrin  us  that  he  found  oZ»nira  365.  J^atio  :  the  country,  put  bf 

in  all  thc  oncimt  nianuHcripts  which  he  ex-  for  iho    inliabitant».     iiequaci :  vafi 

ainined.     It  mMT.'8  the  sensc  easier^  and  is  pursuing  them  in  flight. 

probably   Ihe   o.nect   reading.     All  lliings  ggg    |),.„,„,„ ,    to  di<,mount-t 

.tand  «truggl ..,:  ,,-a.n8t  one  anotl.er:  .en/.  ^,,^;^  ,,„^^^,      ^^^^ ,  j„  ^.^^         ^^ 

vmtis^   niioes  /i»  j  61/*,   mare  man.     Heync      a        i- 

,,.  111         I.-  ^  Arcadians. 

reaua,  vuniua.     ^  slpy  has  obnixi. 

363.  .irbust'  :  in  the  senso  of  arbores.  367.  Suojit :  in  the  senso  of  coeg 

26 i    h\f(r,e  /etfstrts  arirs  :  to  sustain  a  370.  Ducts  :  in  the  sense  of  rfgtif. 

lij^jht  cn  foot .  s'inply.  to  fight  on  foot.  /a  bclla  :  your  victorious  wars.    Rua 

A  paif  of  the  fnild  of  buttlo  was  rough  rclatns  victurias. 

and  uiwven  cround.occasioned  by  Ihe  floods  371.  Subit :  in  the  scnse  o^  surgk 

oC  the  TilxT.  or  soine  torrent  from  the  hills.  triir  taudis  :  my  father'8  glory. 

Here   thc   Arcadians   clianced  to    fall,  aiid  371.  lifposcit :  in  the  Heiise  of  «• 

being   cavulry,    ihcy  could    not    uso    their  377.  Maris :  in  the  sense  of  09101 

horses,  and  wcrc  obligcd  to  disniount,  and  'yii\.  Ptltmus.    The  nicaning  is :  \ 

oppose  thn  Latins  on   foot.     But  bcing  un-  cithcr  casl  ourselves  into  the  sca,  ai 

iccuslomed  lo  this  iiiodo  of  fi]tjht,  thcy  were  pcrish.  or  cut  our  way  through  thea 

■  'Oi\  Uirown  into  confusion,  and  wcre  flceing  the  Trojan  camp.     Nothinp  else  refl 

before  thc  oneniy.     In  this  critical  state  cSf  us.     We  have  no  place  for  flight 

a/Hiirs,  Pallno  hastened  along  the  ranks,  ihe  382.  Discrimina  cottit  *  divisioii^ 


iEN£I&    LIB,  Z. 


511 


^orto  figit  telU|  difcrimiua  costis 
'  medium  quft  spina  dedit :  hastamque  receptat 
ibus  haerentem.     Quem  noii  super  occupat  Hisbon, 
quidem  hoc  sperans  :  nam  Pallas  antd  ruentem,  335 
^Um  furit,  incautum,  crudeli  morte  sodalis, 
^sccipit,  atque  ensem  tumido  in  puhnone  recondit. 
*piic  Sthenelum  petit,  et  Rhoeti  de  gente  vetustA 
^^licliemolum,  thalamos  ausum  incestare  novercae. 


.^^-  etiam  gemini,  Rutulis  cecidistis  in  arvis,  3d0 

I^Ucia,  Liuide  Thymberque,  simiilima  proles, 
^^^^screta  suis,  gratusque  parentibus  error : 
^^  nunc  dura  dedit  vobis  discrimina  Pallas. 
'S^  tibi,  Thymbre,  caput  Evandrius  abstuUt  ensb : 
^e  decisa  suum,  Laride,  dextera  quaerit ;  395 

^«mianimeaque  micant  digiti,  ferrumque  retractant 

Ajcadas  accensos  monitu,  et  praeclara  tuentes 
|Picta  viri,  mixtus  dolor  et  pudor  armat  in  hostes. 
''^hm  Pallas  bijugis  fugientem  RhcEtea  prster 
TVajicit.     Hoc  spatium,  tantiimque  morae  fuit  Ilo.      400 
ilo  namque  procul  validam  direxerat  hastam  : 
Quam  medius  Rbceteus  intercipit,  optime  Teuthra, 
7e  fiigiens,  fratremque  Tyren  :  curruque  volutus 
^Vsdit  semianimis  Rutulorum  calcibus  arva. 
Ac  velut  optatd,  ventis  a;state  coortis,  405 

IKspersa  immittit  sylvis  incendia  pastor  : 
Clorreptis  subitd  mediis,  extenditur  unli 
Horrida  per  latoe  acics  Vulcania  campos  : 
Ille  sedens  victor  flammas  despectat  ovantos. 
Non  aliter  socidm  virtus  coit  omnis  in  unum,  410 

Teque  juvat,  Palla.     Sed  bellis  acer  Halaesus 
Teodit  in  adversos,  seque  in  sua  colligit  arma. 


3SS.  Figit  hunr  mtorto 
telo,  qu&  spina  dodit  di«- 
criniina  costis  per  me- 
dium  dorsi^  dum 

384.  Quem  xtantem 
fluper  Lagutn 

385.  Nam  Pallas  ez- 
cipit  eum  antd  ruentem, 
incantum,  dum 

390.  Vof>  etiam  gemini 
fratrea^   Laride,  Thym- 
berque,  cecidistis  in  Ko* 
tulia  arvis. 


399.  Fugientem  pmH 
ter  evm  bijugie 

400.  Hoc  fuit  epatinm 
vUm  tantjlmque  mor»  Af 
mortem  \\o 


Aff!,  Mediis  tytvu  la 
bito 


412.  In  hotiet  adverwMi 


NOTES. 


tioD— parting  to  the  ribs.  Rusua  Bays,  rft- 
wmiium  eottarum» 

383.  Reeeptat:  in  the  senae  of  retrahU. 

384.  Oeeitpat :  in  the  sense  of  iniercipU. 
389.    ^nenemolum.     He  was  the  eon  of 

lUuBtufl,  king  of  the  Marrubiit  &  people  of 
Itelf  •  He  had  an  amour  with  his  step-mo- 
tker  Casperia.  To  escape  the  vengeance  of 
hu  &ther,  ho  fled  to  Tumus. 

391.  Daueia  prolet  timUlima :  these  sons 
of  Daucus,  Landus,  and  Thymber,  reaem- 
bled  emch  other  so  ezactlj — were  so  much 
alilLe,  that  they  could  not  be  distinguished 
fiom  each  other  even  by  their  parents. 
Orahu  error :  a  pleasing  error,  or  delusion. 

393.  Dura  diterimina:  cruel — fatal  dia- 
tiaction.  He  singled  those  two  brothers 
Irom  among  the  rest  of  the  enemy,  as  the 
pvticular  objects  of  his  vengeance. 

394.  Evandriut  entit :  the  sword  of  Pal- 
las,  the  son  of  Evander.  He  cut  off  the 
head  of  Tbymbor,  and  the  right  hand  of 
Laridus.  This  explains  thc  folTowing  line : 
JuTUra  deeita :  thy  right  hand  cut  ofl^soeka 
tiiM  Itaowner. 


396.  Mieant :  in  the  sense  o\  morent. 

400.  Hoe  matium^  Sic  Tho  circumstance 
of  Rha)teu8  mtcrcepting  tho  dart  aimed  it 
Ilus,  which  would  have  liillcd  him,  gavc  him 
a  short  space  or  time  of  life,  and  was  so 
much  respite  from  death. 

404.  CadU :  in  the  sense  ofpyJtat^  vel/erU. 

405.  Optaio :  to  his  wish. 

406.  Ditperta :  scattered  abroad. 

408.  Horrida  Vulcania  aciet:  the  homd 
squadrons  of  fire,  &c.  This  convey ji  a  lively 
idea  of  a  devouring  fire  raging  without  con- 
trol,  and  increasing  its  forces  in  its  progress, 
like  an  umy  pouring  troops  aftcr  troops. 
Servius  censures  the  poet  in  applying  aciet^ 
troops,  or  marshalled  squadrons,  to  firc.  The 
expression,  to  be  sure,  is  bold,  but  not  incon- 
gruous.  The  word  in  poetry  is  applicd  lo 
nre,  spreading  and  raging,  and  destroying 
every  thing  in  its  way,  like  a  deFolating 
army.  Vulcania :  an  adj.  from  f'ufcanut% 
the  god  of  iire;  by  meton.  firc  itHcIf. 

409.  Ovantct:  exulting — victoriour. 

411.  Acer:  valiant — intrepid  in  war.   ' 

412.  CoUigit  te:  he  etoops,  and  contnetji 


tliai  P.  VIRGiLII  MARONIS 

Hic  mactat  Ladona,  Pheretaque,  DemodocumQQe , 
Strymonio  dextram  fulgenti  diripit  ense, 
Elatam  in  jugulum  :  saxo  ferit  ora  Thoantis, 
Ossaque  dispergit  cerebro  permixta  cruento. 
Fata  canens  sylvis  genitor  cel&rat  Halassum  : 
Ut  senior  leto  canentia  lumina  solvit, 
Injecere  manum  Parcae,  tehsque  sacrirunt 
Evandri :  quem  sic  Pallas  petit,  antd  precatus : 
Da  nunc,  Tybri  pater,  ferro,  quod  missile  libro, 
Fortunam  atque  viam  duri  per  pectus  Halsesi : 
Hffic  arma  exliviasque  viri  tua  quercus  habebit. 
A  udiit  illa  Deus :  dum  texit  Imaona  Haltesus, 
Arcadio  infeUx  telo  dat  pectus  in«rmum. 
486.   At  LauRus,  in-      At  non,  csede  viri  tantA  perterrita,  Lausus, 
ginii  par.  belli,  non  sinit  p^^s  ingens  belh,  sinit  agmina.     Primus  Abanten 
^         '  Oppositum  mtenmit,  pugnas  nodumque  moramqu* 

Sternitur  Arcadias  proles,  stemuntur  Etrusci : 
430.  Ei  vo«,  O  Teu-  £t  vos,  6  Graiis  imperdita  corpora,  Teucri. 
cn^qtiorwncorpon,  erant  Agmina  concumint,  ducibusque  et  viribus  equis : 
impeniiia  Graii»,  cadi-  Extremi  addensent  acies  ;  nec  turba  moveri 

Tela  manusque  sinit.     Hinc  Pallas  instat  et  urgel 
434.  Hinc  Laueus  in-  Hinc  contr^  Lausus  :  nec  multum  discrepat  aetaa ; 

ffii  forma.  ^"  patnam  reditus.     Ipsos  concurrere  passus 

Haud  tamen  inter  se  magni  regnator  Olympi : 
Mox  illos  sua  fata  manent  majore  sub  hoste. 
Interek  soror  alma  monet  succurrere  Lauso 

NOTES. 

hiniBclfbchind  the  covert  of  his  armor,  par-         428.  J^odum  moratnque:  the  strei 

ticularly  his  shield.  suppurt  of  the  fight.     The  words  in 

413.  JSlnctat :  \n  thc  sense  of  inttrjicit.  ho,  (Abas,)  made  a  firm  stand  agi 

414.  ^ln/moTiio  :  tiie  dat.  in  the  sense  of  enerny — that  he  was  the  lifc  and  sc 
he  gen.  IJo  cut  otf  tlio  right  hand  of  Stry-  figlit,  and  a  principal  obstaclc  to 
nonius,   raisod    aijainst   his   throat — raiscd  Kusens  interprcts  nodum^  by  difficu 

for  thc   purpo.MO  of  cutting  the  head   from  430. /m;?crrfi7o:  notslain—-de8trn 

IlaltesuH.    /) I ripil :  in  ihc  aenee  o^ abscindit.  ference   is  here  made  to  the   Tro 

416.  Disprri^it :  in  the  scnsc  of  Dtjffindit.  which  proved  fatal  to  so  inany  Tro 

417.  Cfintns  :  in  the  scnse  of  prtrdicens^  43^.  Extremi^  Slc.  The  meanin} 
afrrcciiifr  uitli  gentlor.  Fata  :  in  tho  sense  to  be  this  :  that  the  rear  ranks  prei 
jf  mortftn  cjus.  the  front,  who  were  already  enga 

41B.    Ut  solrit :  as  soon  as  the  old  man  thcy  also  might  como  into  action. 

cloacd   (luoscl)   his  cyes  in  death,  the  fates,  mcans,  the  nien  became  so  close  t 

K^c.     Ruicus  interprcts  canentia  hy  senilia.  could  not  move  their  handK,  or  w 

Heyne  «•onsidcrs  thc  words  lumina  canentia^  weapons.     Turba  :  the  crowd. 

as  refcrrini(  to  the   gray  hairs,  eye  brows,  433.  Pallas — Laitsvs.     One  woi 

and  ocar<i  of  Ihc  old  nian — to  his  appcar-  rally  suppose,   that  the   poet   wo 

ance  in  g«MieraI,  wilhout  a  particular  refer-  made  thcse  two  young  princes,  8< 

cnco  to  tlio  color  of  his  eyes.  matchcd  in  every  respect,  try  Uie  1 

4!21.  Libro  :  in  thc  sense  of  mitto.  the  fight.     But  hc  wcll  knew  that 

422.  Duri:  hardy — valiant.  be  more  to  their  glory,  to  fall  by 

425.    Inermum :    naked — unprotected  bj  of  a  superior  fou,  than  to  kill  ea 

his  armor.     Dat:  in  the  sense  of  offert.  He  makes  a  fine  use  of  their  dea' 

49S.  Tknta  ettdi  viri.    Most  commenta-  ward.     The  former  was  slain  bj 

thli  for  ettde  tanti  vtrt,  by  hypal-  the  latter  by  ^neas. 

■laughter  or  death  of  bo  great  438.  Fata :  in  the  sense  of  mon 

irit,  Halnsus.     But  it  is  easier,  439.  Soror  alma :  the  nymph  Ju 

Mri]  to  underatand  it  of  the  sister  of  Tumus.     She  was  made 

^  aiid  hatoo  made  by  P%Uu«  by  Jove,  who  had  an  amour  witk 


MKEIQ.    Lin.  Y 


51 :( 


LTnum,  qui  Tokicri  curni  medium  secat  agmen.       44Q 
ridit  sor.ios  :  l^empus  dcsistere  pugnaa ; 
Uts  ego  in  Fallanta  feror ;  soli  mibi  Pallas 
J^obetur  :  cuperem,  ipse  parens  spectator  adesset. 
I  fffloc  ait :  et  socii  cesserunt  «equore  jusso. 

t-  Rutulum  abscessu,  juvenis  tum  jussa  superlMi       446 
~  ra.tus,  stupet  in  Tumo  ;  corpusque  per  ingeua 
mina  volvit^  obitque  truci  procul  omnia  visu  ; 
I^&libus  et  dictis  it  contra  dicta  tyranni : 

spoliis  ego  jam  raptis  laudabor  opimis, 
^         leto  insigni :  sorti  pater  squus  utrique  est :         450 
?*c»lle  minas.     Fatus  medium  procedit  in  sequor. 
idus  Arcadibus  coit  in  prsecordia  sanguis. 
luit  Tumus  bijugis,  pedes  apparat  ire 

Utque  leo,  speculA  cum  vidit  ab  alt4 
procul  campis  meditantem  pnelia  taurum, 
■^^^volat ;  haud  alia  est  Tumi  venientis  imago. 
Hunc  ubi  contiguum  missae  fore  credidit  hastaB, 
^  prior  Pallas,  si  quk  fors  adjuvet  ausum, 
^bus  impanbus ;  magnumque  ita  ad  aethera  fatur : 
IV*  patris  hospitium,  et  mensas,  quas  advena  adlsti, 
pi:ecor,  Alcide,  cceptis  ingentibus  adsis : 
lat  semineci  sibi  me  rapere  arma  cmenta, 
ictoremque  ferant  morientia  lumina  Tumi. 
^^udiit  Alcides  juvenem,  magnumque  sub  imo 
^^Sorde  premit  gemitum,  lach^masque  eifudit  inanes. 
^^\im  genitor  natura  dictis  afiatur  amicis : 
^JM  8ua  cuique  dies ;  i>reve  et  irreparabile  tempua 
^Jtonibus  est  vitae  :  sed  &mam  extendere  &ctist 
^woc  virtutis  opus.     Trojas  sub  mcenibus  altia 
4*ot  nati  cecidere  Dedm  :  quin  occidit  unk  470 

fiarpedon,  mea  progenies.     Etiam  sua  Turnum 
Tkta  Tocant,  metasque  dati  pervenit  ad  asvi. 


441.  Inqmi:  eH  tam- 
pui 

443.  Cop«r«ii  ii{  ^ 
pmrens 


454.  Utque  leo  atfvo- 
455  hU,  cAm  ab  alta  ipaeiiU 
vidit  taurum  itiut» 


468.  CteyU  ire  pnor« 
impuibui  yinbui,  Itii- 
iant  li  qu& 
.^1      400.  O  Alcide,  prMor 
**>  *  ta,  per 

4dS.    Tumut  oenat 
me  rapere 

466 


IS^ 


NOTES. 

ipeniation  for  her  violated  chaitity.   See  452.  Coit:  congeali.    It  retired  trom  the 

>  zii.  138.  et  tequent,  eztremitiea  to  the  heart;  there  thickened, 

440.  Seeat:  in  tJie  sense  of  dividil,  and  ceased  to  circulate.     Such  wai  the  fear 

Cetterunt  aauorejtuto :  retired  irom  of  the  Arcadiani  for  the  iiiue  of  the  combati 

eommanded  plain — from  that  part  of  the  Jipparat :  in  the  lense  of  parat, 

of  battle,  where  Pallai  wai,  to  make  467.  Contiguum :  within  reach  of  hii  mis 

for  Tumui  to  advance  against  him.  live  ipear. 

447.  Obit :  lurveyi.     Omnia  may  refer  to  460.  Hotpitium,     Herculei,  on  hii  retuni 
armnr  more  particularly,  than  to  hii  per-  fxom  Spain,  wai  entertained  bjr  Evander, 

That  had  been  montioned  juit  before.  and  after  the  death  of  Cacui  wai  magnifi» 

ivuw:  with  a  item  or  iteadj  look.  cently  wonhipped.    See  iEn.  viii.   184.  €t 

448.  /f :  iu  the  sense  of  dieit^  vel  rttpondet,  tequent, 

449.  Spoliit  opimit.    For  the  tpoiia  optmo,  461.  Mtit :  may  von  favor — aid. 
£i:.  vi.  855 — 859.  462.  Rapert :  in  the  lenie  of  au/erre. 

460.  Pater  aqHut.     Drydon  takei  pater        463.  Ferant :  mav  the  dying  eyei  of  Tur- 
'  "  Ime  for  Jupiter,  who,  it  ii  true,  maybe  con-    nui  endure  te  behofd  me  victorioui. 

■(ilaTed  the  father  of  all,  just  and  impartiaL        466.  ^atum :  Herculei.     He  wai  the  lon 
-    Jlat  tt  ia  better  to  take  it  for  Evander,  the    of  Jupiter  byAIcmene,thewifeof  Amphitry 

on.    Hence,  lometimeicalled  Amphitryom- 
adei. 
467.  Stai :  ii  fized. 

472.  M  tneias  daii  m:  lo  tho  «nd  of  hia 
appointed  life. 


filther  of  Pallai.  It  wai  the  Mune  thing  to 
him  whether  hii  lon  were  ilain,  or  retumed 
Tleiorioui.  He  wai  equalty  prepared  for 
aiilMr  evenU    Equut:  in  the  lenfle  of  jm- 


34 


Mjf  P.  VrttflBJI  KAiROftlB 

•  .  . 

Sfe  ut,  stque  OCOIO0  Rotdmim  r^icat  a^ 

At  PaUas  uiagms  endttit  Tiribiift  Mil«iii, 
YagiiiAque  ctvA  fiilgeiiteni  deripk  eDMOtt. 
4lli.-  Mfc  Jteitg  tehnw  Dla  ▼okiis,  Iniiiieni  mnginit  m&  togoiite  maata^. 
HMlUvikmmmm        Incidit,  atotie  niun  clypei  ni^  '^' 

Tftndeni  eoian  nwgno  atriniit  de  eoipMeTdnt'' 
Hk  Tumue  6m>  pnBflxum  robnf  mMo  '^^ 

In  Palluita  diu  Kbrani  jaeit,  ifque  ita  Httir^^ 
Aflpice^  num  nuwift  nt  upatruni  MiiMiullvMntf 
at  Aa  eaip&i  M     Dixeiati  ate^]peum/totilmtargft.MltonB^ 
traaambmt    m^om  gqiiii  peiliii  Mim  dbeat  circmndeit  taitt^ 

aoio  pallit  tanii  aiieaiii-  LoricaBque  moims,  et  pectni  peiftltfin^^Miii '  '^ 
dato  totiw  obMt  ciMn«  Ille  rapit  caliduin  fiMtrl  ^  tttlnere  tdniii :  '  * 
paiilMtoiia  aMraa^  4JiiA  e&delnque  fil;  aailfftiiftqii6  ittiimMqi^  *"f*|i 

4M^  lUtPaiiaitAmM  Giorruit  in  vidmii.;  eoidtum  §Mfm  Wtam  dMlteo { 

^i^^  ^ .  MM.  ^  terram  noainem  inuneiia  pew  on  craaBHfc 

*^  Quem  Toinna  auper  aaiiMena !  "^ 

^^  ^^     Arcadea^  imC)  ikiquiti  iiienibirBa  inea  metnmmnl 

PaSata^"'^***  -^**Eraiidh>:  quafcm  mermt,  BaBtoti  lenJttK  ^  ^ 

406«  Bt  fttiM  talia  Qm^^uia  lioiioa  tnmoH^  quicquHl  aolameii  banHn 
MMit  CMM  ezaalnm     Laigior.     Ha«d  illi  itabimt  iBoA  Mfffb     "   ^ 

^iV.lMMfnainipiaa.  Hoepitia.  El  hato  preaiit  pedis  laB«  lctai.  '^ 
Mm  «a  m,  mm  nia>-  Ezanimem,  rapieni  munania  poodtem  belM»'  ^ 
mtt^Twittm  cmm fimii  impieMumqoe  nefti ;  unt  ■nb  ngoitf  jutfjt  Jj 

601.  OiiMnilioiiiiBnm  Cima  manua  jufonum  ftedAf  thaamnqaw  oMiilV 
BMcia  Que  bonua  Eur^tion  imdlo  onhfonft  atir6 :     * 

503.  Cdm  opUTarit  Quo  nnnc  Tumui  orat  ipoKo,  gaodeCque  potiMI 
•e  •mptum  tu€  mapo  Nescia  mena  hominum  fati,  sortisqoe  fbtttm,' 
pre/to  PallanU  mtoctiim  ^^  ^^^^^^  modum,  rebus  sublata  aecun&l 

504.  Diemque,  au^  Tumo  tempus  erit,  magno  ciim  optaverit  empta 
mterfetii  eum,  Intactum  PaUanta ;  6t  ci^  spolia  iata  diemqoa 

NOTES. 

473.  Rejieit  oeulot:  he  lurned  hLi  eyei  eireumdata:  nmpllyf  ftr  fiwii 

from,  ilc.  that  he  mi^ht  nnt  behold  a  death,  eireumdaia  maj  ba  taken  in  tl 

which  he  wonld  haye  preTented,  but  was  not  eomplieata  :  folded  np— 4oubied. 

able.     Ruaue  interpreta  the  wordt  bjretuUi  485.  Morae:  ukj  ttmg  that  ] 

oeulos  ad  eampot,    Hejne  nys,  jaeit  retr^^  ■top  or  hindrance.    It  le  here  11 

overtit.  folai  and  texture  of  the  ooat  of 

477   Molita  viam :  openingf,  or  makingf  a  490.  A$nMten»:  in  the  aenM  o 

way  for  itself,  kc*    A  part.  agreeinf  with  493.  Humam/di:  a  aemnd  ia 

ka»ta<i  underttood.  mum  of  humoHom»  ▼«  otpukkt 

478.  Strinxit:  it  glanoed  from,  ftc  It  494.  Largiar:  l  fMtj  bealo' 
hit  hia  body,  but  did  not  wound  him.  it.    Ru«us  uyi,  cMiettto. 

479.  Robur:  a  dart,  or  javelin.  Magi^  for  497.  Sub  unaju^iH  iMcte,  te 
magU»  of  thi^  daughtera  m  Danaos,  wli 

481.  Penetrabite  :  penetrating.  Adjee-  their  huibands  in  the  niglil  ol 
tirM  of  thii  form  «are  generally  paaeiTe  m  riage,  ib  here  meant.  Soe  nom. 
their  signification.    There  are  some  few  in-    Danatdet, 

Btances  of  their  being  OMd  in  an  aclive  499.  Eurytion.    Theaamea 

•enee     Thii  it  one  of  them.  ficer.    The  belt  of  PaOaa  waa 

482.  Terga:  in  the  eenM  6f  IsiRtiic:  eo  oyerlaid  with  gold;  ia  whieh 
many  platM  of  iron,  lo  many,  fte.  The  crime  was  car?ed  or  engraTn 
■pear  of  Turnu*  patMd  through  (trantoer-  tlulflil.  A*e/iu  .*  any  great  or  h 
berai)  the  middle  of  hiii  rdiield,  whlch  waa  also,  a  wicked  or  mOoiis  penoa. 
ioaipMadd'  of  10  miny  pWlM^lca.  502.  Modum:  modtntian— b 

483  Oftai  *  in  Iba  wwaioll  qiaamlfc.  <Mmi       iff^.  Eiriit  imUmaMMar  w 


iBNHJ».    LIB.  X. 


SiH 


ii  floefi  iDiiHo  ^emita  lachiTinmque  505 

I  sevtb  refertmt  PaUanta  frequentea. 

atque  decue  magnum,  rediture,  parenti ! 

ima  diee  belk>  dedit,  hasc  eadem  aufert 

!n  ingeBtea  Rutulorum  linquis  acervon. 

n  fiima  mati  tanti,  aed  certior  auctor  610 

Sneae,  tenui  discrimine  leti 

;  tempus  versis^  succurrere  Teucris. 

(iittqiie  metit  gladio,  latumque  per  agmen 

nitem  agit  ferro,  te,  Tume,  superbum 

I,  quierens.     Paflaa,  Evander,  in  ipais 

it  ocuHs ;  menme,  quas  advena  primas 

:,  dextneque  datie.     Suhnone  creatos 

lic  juvenes,  totidem,  quos  educat  Ufens, 

apit :  inferias  quos  immolet  umbris, 

e  rogi  perfundat  sanguine  flammas. 

igo  procul  infensam  contenderat  hastam : 

iibtt,  ac  tremebunda  supervolat  hasta : 

Eunplectens  efTatur  talia  supplex : 

8  Manes,  et  spes  surgentis  lCQi, 

,  hanc  anrmam  serves  natoque  patrique. 

I  alta  :  jacent  penitCks  defbssa  talenta 

:enti :  sunt  auri  pondera  facti 

mihi :  non  hic  victoria  Teucrftm 

haud  anima  una  dabit  discrimina  tanta. 

iEneas  contri  cui  talia  reddit :  530 

que  auri,  memoras  que,  multa  talenta, 

e  tuis :  beHi  conmiercia  Turmn 

a  (mor,  jam  tum  Pattante  perempto. 

NOTES. 


607. 0  PaUa^  rsditm 
dolor,  atqne  magnaM 
decufl  parvotil 


516         ^  ^ ^ 

516.  /injiirifiili  nsnBOii 

qnM   primM   tlle   taiie 

ikdvena  adiit, 

618.    Hle  rapit  qna- 

Ipor    juyenes,     creatos 

5^  Sulmone ;  totidero,  quos 

Ufens  educat,  omnes  vU 

ventes  :   quoi    immolet 

tanquam  inferias  umbris 

Pallantia 

525     626.   Ui  Mrvee  hano 


632.  Paree  tms  natis 
multa  talenta  argenti 


runi :  his  friends  gathering  in 
iquentei)  carry  his  body  from  the 
Je. 

lor^  &c.    Thifl  it  an  ezdamation 

le  poAt,  or  of   hii  oompaniona, 

ij  the  dead  body,  with  a  view 

of   Evander  when  he  ehould 

death  of  hie  son.     But  his  grief 

some  measure  lightened  by  the 

n  of  his  distinguished  actions. 

tor:   in   the   sense  of  fiimitttt. 

the  sense  of  eerttu,    Fama :  a 

mor. 

ui  duerimine:  in  a  small  dis* 
-eat  hazard  of.  Modieo  inierttitio 
Servius.  Pariimdistare  ab  exitio^ 

• 

soeios  iM  understobd.  7^empu$  : 
•stood. 

' :  \n  the  sense  ofjheit:  he  ciits 
M  with  his  sword,  fta. 
ris  :  the  pln.  for  umM  fal  Um 
Kn.  V.  81,  which  see.  hiJMtu: 
the  dead.  These  were  poured 
lo  thc  grave.  They  were  milk, 
,  kc.  Upon  tbeee,  it  wae  ■np- 
mltra  feasted. 
\mdat:  nigfai 


521.  Conienderat:  in  the  sense  ofmtttetMU 
&93L  Subii:  he  stoope.    Attu:  with  dex* 
terity. 

624.  Per  patriot  manet^  ke.  This  addreap 
of  Magus  is  imitated  from  Homer,  Iliad  wi, 
where  Adrastus  supplicates  Agamemnon 
Bot  the  Romaa  poet  has  much  improred 
upon  the  Greek.  Mr.  Pope  obserres,  that 
nothinff  could  be  a  more  artful  piece  of  ad- 
drese  than  the  first  lines  of  this  supplication, 
when  we  consider  the  character  of  iEneae. 
to  whom  it  was  made :  perpatriotManet^  ke, 

526.  Defbtta  penitut:  buried  deep  in  tiie 
earth. 

527.  Pondera :  maaooa :  plu.  of  pondvt^ 
Auri  faeti,  By  this  we  are  to  understajMl, 
gold  wron^t  into  vaees,  statues,  icc  Auri 
infeeti:  of  btUlioii — cold  unwrooght  Cc- 
lati :  of  emboeeed  siiver — silver  carved  or 
wrought  into  vaees. 

529.  TVinia  dwerMi^.*  eo  great  difTer^ 
eaee.  The  rietoty  of  the  Trojans  d  ^es  n<.t 
tnm  upon  thie  point  (Aiie.)  My  life  can 
make  no  great  difference ;  beside,  you  shall 
be  abundantly  rewmided  fw  your  deraettcv 
indoingii. 

698:  /jAi  ciiMneffte?  thoee  temia  uc  ovn- 


516  P.  VlRGILn  MABONIS 

634.  Manet  patrii  An-  Hoc  fmtru  Anchis»  Manfli,  hoe  leotit  iMn 
duHB  t:niiuni  gjc  fatuB,  galeam  lcv&  teuet ;  atque  rafleiA 

536.  Abdidit  enMm  Cervice,  orantis  capulo  tenuft  ab£dit  emeB. 
tMnu  cipiilo  in  ci^put      ^^  procul  .Emonidea,  PlKBbi  Triraqw 

no::Xi'"procuU    ^  1"^»«^  ^^l^^^  ^^^^^  temppr.  Titt*, 
^  Totus  coUucenB  veste  atque  iiuignibat  er 

Quem  congressus  agit  campo,  lapmunque  m 

641.  In^rcntique  um-  Immolat,  ingentique  umbiA  tegit :  amia  Sflt 

br&  mortis.  Lecta  refert  humeris,  tibi,  rez  Gndife,  trop 

Instaurant  acies,  Vulcani  stirpe  creatui 
Caeculus,  et  veniens  MarBonim  montibai  Ui 
545.  Umbro  dejecerat  Dardanides  contra  furit     Anxuris  euM 
iTuItll^  ^"'**  "^^  Et  totum  clypei  ferro  dejecerat  wbem. 

Dixerat  illejaliquid  magnum,  vimque  afibie  ^ 

«Crediderat,  ccrloque  animum  fortaaad  fenbi 

Caniticmque  sibi,  et  longoa  promiaent  aniM 

Tarquitus  exsultans  contri  iulgentibua  an 

SyKicoIie  Fauno  Dryope  quem  Nympha  crs 

bb*i.  JRnea   ardcnti.  Qbvius  ardenti  sese  obtulit :  ille  reductA 

nio,  haau  reductA,  im-  Loricam  clyi)eique  ingens  onus  impedit  haal 

^      ^  Tum  caput  orantis  neqmcquam,  et  multa  pa 

Dicere,  deturbat  terne  :  truncumque  tepeiift 
■*  656.  Supcr  tnm  faiur  Provolvens,  super  haec  inimico  pectora  frtui 

^tcn   11.    L    .•       «     Istic  nunc,  metuende,  jace.     Non  te  optiniB 

657.  Tii,  hMht  metu-  i^j^i.        ^-^  i-^  •'^ 

nnj^  Condet  humi,  patnove  onerabit  membim  aap 

Alitibus  linquere  feris,  aut  gurgite  mersum 

Unda  feret,  piscesque  impasti  vulnera  lambe 

Protinus  Antseum  et  Lycam,  pxima  agmii 

Persequitur  fortemque  Numam,  fulvumque  K 

Magnanimo  Volscente  satum  ;  ditissimus  ag 

NOTES. 

5oo.  *nfula.     This  waa  a  sort  of  diadem  to  the  iEnefd.     Tbftim  orbem  4 

wom  by  pricHts  and  illustrioiiH  pcraoiis.  The  the  whoie  shield. 
titta  was  a  kind  of  label  or  fillet,  that  hung        547^  Vim:  forc»— efEcaer. 

down  froiii  ihc  infnla,  on  each  eide.     Cui :  nym.  '  He  had  repoated  s<^ 

•■   tho  Hniso  ot  rujus.  cantation,  which  he  hopcd  wc 

540.  Contrressus:   enjjajfing,  or  meeting :  eacious   arainst   the  darta  « 

a  part.  affroenig  with  itncas.  thcrefore  he  made  head  ani 

641.  Inir,ritt  umhrA:  \^'iih  tho  shadc»  of  ^idBon  «ays,  **Bome    mighty 

death— an  cverlantinjr  ahade.     Kubbus  Rays,  pronounccd."      Ruania    obia 

maf:uis  imrhns.     Dayidson  says,  "  with  the  guibutdam  consteraHonihut  eti 

doop Rhii.l.s  of  dcath.       Ilcyne  thinks  it  re-  ,.^,^  v,ilnfra  se  munierat.     i 

tvTH  to  tlir  sliield  and  body  of  ;^-:nea8;  which  ^^,^^  others  think  magieum  ■ 

is    a  very  Miiffular  intniprptation.      Super-  in  thc  place  of  magniim. 
ttans  m^niU  umbra  ttf^it^  sayn  hc.     Trsit:         c-i     c  1  •    1        4U      j  . 
m  the  sens.  of  c/>;;rimi7.  5ol.   5y/rifote  ;    the    dat.J 

54-2.  .Uv.a  lecta  :  liis  arm.  gathcred  up,  Fauno :  an  inhabitant  of  tha 

10  l,e  a  trophy  to  thee,  O  Marm  king  of  war.  '^'''^  *"?   ^^'*'-     ^™'^-   « 

GradivuH,  a  name  of  Mare.  pepererat. 

543.  .-trifs  :  in  tlie  scnse  o£  pugnam.  553.  Hatta  reduetd :  hia  apM 

545.  Dnrdanides :  A^nea».  ^ack,  tliat  he  might  throw  it  I 

546.  Drjt^cerat:  Uinbro  had  cut  off  tho  greater  force.  Impedii:  |w  t 
loflt  arin  of  Anxur  juat  an  ii-^ncaa  came  up.  rcndera  useless  to  him,  hii  m 
He  had  thrown  down  his  lef\  arm,  and  with  cause  his  spear  remained  faSti 
ft  tiis  Nhield  fcll  to  the  ground.  This,  aiid  561.  Primaagmina:  tha  il 
nome  othcr  crnbarraHBcd  sentcnces,  occur,  pal  leadera.  They  were  te* 
parUcujarly  in  this  book^whichplainlyshow  wcre  a  hoit  themaelves.  Bm 
Uiat  Virgil  had  not  put  tha  finUhinc  haad  j^u^ni  amU  mrimt$  v$i  fwtm 


iSNJSIS.    UB.  X. 


517 


Aosonid&m ,  et  tacitis  regnavit  Amyclia 

qualis,  centum  cui  brachia  dicunt,  666 

manus,  quinquaginta  oribus  igneni 
arsisse ;  Jovis  ci^m  fulmina  contra 

wm  streperet  clypeis,  tot  stringeret  enses 

iEneas  desievit  in  aequore  victor, 
iiljel  intepuit  mucro.     Quin  ecce  Nypluei  670 

pr^u^  in  equos,  adversaque  pectora  tendit : 
JMUi  loqgd  gradientem  et  dir4  frementem 
IBre,  metu  versi,  retrdque  ruentes, 
HiuQlqae  ducem,  rapiuntque  ad  litora  currus. 
|m4  bijugis  infert  se  Lucagus  albis  676 

todios,  fraterque  Liger :  sed  frater  habems 
ih  equos ;  strictum  rotat  acer  Lucagus  ensem* 

tluUt  iEneas  tanto  fervore  furentes ; 
adveraAque  ingens  apparuit  hasti. 
U^:  680 

Dtomedis  equos,  non  currum  cemis  AchiUis, 
Phrygias  campos :  nunc  belli  finis  et  evi 
labltur  terris.     Vesano  talia  latd 
t  f  olant  Ligeri :  sed  non  et  Troius  heros 
I  parat  contra ;  jaculum  nam  torquet  in  hostem. 
tgtifl  ut  prouus  pendens  in  verbera  telo  686 

Hipuit  bijugos,  projecto  dum  pede  laevo 
i^m  pugnae,  subit  oras  hasta  per  imas 
BOtis  clypei)  tum  laevum  perforat  inguen. 

NOTES. 


565.  Talii  qualls  er<U 
JEgson,  cui  homifui  di 
cunt/utMe  centum 


570.  Mucro  gladii  in- 
tapuit  umguine 

572.  nii  equi,  ut  pri- 
mim  \idAre  eum  longiA 


578.  Eo$  furentM  tante 


U  Jiummidihn:  gen.  plu.  for  .^ioonuto- 
bv  ayn.  The  Aueonos  were  among 
aij  inhabit&nts  of  It&ly .  T\uitit  Amy' 
.AmjfcUB  WM  a  citv  of  Letium,  near 
teinm,  which  it  said  to  have  perithed 
gh  siUnee,  The  citjr  having  been  fre- 
4y  thrown  into  confu«ion  bj  faUe 
m%  at  length  a  law  waa  mado  that  none 
I  inhabitants  should  mention  the  ap- 
il'of  an  enemy.  So  that,  when  an  ene- 
elualljr  advanced  azainst  the  city,  it 
inddonlj  destroyed  foi  want  of  timelj 
igejice.  Servius  assigrns  another  reason 
le  eingular  epithet  of  taeita,  He  ob- 
t,  they  held  the  doctrines  of  Fythago- 
'hich  forbade  them  to  offer  any  violence 
rpents,  and  enjoined,  at  the  same  time, 
nce  of  five  years.  At  a  time,  a  host  of 
ats  issued  from  a  laJie  near  the  city ; 
diabitants  refusing  to  attacJi  them,  fell 
j  to  them. 

>.  ^gaon :  the  son  of  Ccslue  and  Ter- 
The  same  as  Briaretu, 
i,  Tot  paribus  elyyei*,  It  ia  generally 
;ht  thesc  words  iiiiply,  tbal  the  num- 
f  his  Hhields  was  equal  to  his  amit  or 
I,  But  it  is  difEcuit  lo  conoeiTO  how 
sould  bo.  The  warrior  carried  ashiiakl 
on  his  icft  s  m;  and  with  his  Eiffbt 
he  wiclded  the  sword,  the  javtlin,  «c 
liiolds  aiid  swords  {enaee^  .doubtltpii 
iod  tog  -.'her  the  aumber  dki\fjm,j^i0jfi^ 


But  paribue  may  mean  that  they  were  aii  of 
equal  sixe  and  shape.  Streperei :  fn  ihe 
sense  of  tonabat. 

570.  Ut  eemel :  when  once  his  sword,  kc. 
Muero:  properly,  the  point  of  the  sword,  bj 
synec.  the  whole  sword. 

57 1.  Adversa  peetora,  By  these  words,  we 
are  to  undorstand  tfae  breasts  of  the  steeda* 
rather  than  the  breut  of  the  charioteer  At- 
phvus.  It  gives  us  a  higher  idca  of  th« 
courage  of  iEneas,  who  dared  to  stand 
against,  and  oppose  the  ceurse  of  Ihese 
horses, 

572.  Dirh :  an  adj.  of  the  neu.  plu.  uaad 
as  an  adv.  in  imitation  of  the  Grecks. 

574.  I^unduni :  they  tlirow  out  the  dri- 
ver. 

575.  Bijugie:  bijvgi  is,  properly,  a  paii 
of  horses  namessed :  by  meton.  the  carriagf 
in  which  they  are  hamessed.     Of  bit  and 

jugum.    Lucagus  was  drawn  in  a  chariot  bv 
a  pair  of  white  horses. 
578.  Fervore:  heat — violence. 

582.  wErt;  ofyourlife. 

583.  Hit  territ:  on  this  spot — in  this  piace 

584.  yetano  Ligeri :  froiii  insolcnt  Li^. 
Liger  im  declined  like  nounM  of  the  third 
declension,  some  of  whidi  make  the  abL  ia 
t,  as  well  as  in  e.    Et :  also. 

587.  Admonuii:  (^oaded  on  his  honea 
with  a  dart— the  poiol  of  hia  javelin«  or 
dait*    Romu  ■»/■«  exeiUurii, 


iia 


P.  VHtGBJI  MA»eNIS 


ExcussQS  curru  morilyaiidiis  Tohitar  airiv; 

Quem  pius  iEneas  dictis  afiktur  amarb : 

Lucage,  nulla  tuos  cumis  fbga  aegnis  eqnonmi 
693.  VertAre  eat  Prodidit,  aut  vanie  veit^re  ex  hostibas  umbf« : 

594.  Tu  ipie  nlien*  Ipse  rotis  saliens  juga  deserts.  Haec  Ha  fttus, 
rotif  Arripuit  bijugos.     Frater  lendebat  meniies 

Infelix  palmas,  curru  delapsus  eodem : 

597.  Oro  per  te,  per  pgr  te,  per  qui  te  talem  genuftre  parentes, 
ptrentee,  qui  yjj.  TrQJane,  sine  hanc  animam,  et  miserere  pn 

599.  /Eneae  rejponA/  piuribus  oranti  iEneas:  Haod  talia  dudum 

'^T^^^TntTd^  I>><^**  ^«^" ''  morow,  et  fratrem  ne  desero  frai 
i^f^   *  Tum,  latebras  animn,  pectus  mucrone  reclinfit 

Talia  per  campos  edebat  funera  ductor 
^  Dardanius,  torrentis  aqun  rel  turinAis  atri 

More  furens.    Tandem  erumpunt,  et  castra  rel 
Ascanius  puer,  et  nequicquam  obsessa  jinFentai 

Junonem  intere^  compellat  Jupiter  ultrd : 
O  germana,  mihi  atque  eadem  gratissima  conja 
Ut  rebare,  Venus,  nec  te  sententia  faBit, 
t09.  Non  eti  iUu  virLi  Trojanas  sustentat  opes !  non  vivida  bello 
^^^^  Dextra  viris,  anirousque  ferox,  patiensqoe  peiK 

Cui  Juno  submissa :  Quid,  6  pulchenrnne  conji 

S<rflicitas  legram,  et  tua  tristia  dicta  timentem  1 

613.    Si    foret  mihi  Si  mihi,  quae  quondam  fuerat,  quamque  OM  df 

midem  vie  in  amore,  qu»  yis  in  amore  foret !  non  hoc  mihi  namque  neg 

Omnipotens ;  quin  et  pugnas  subducere  Tarmi 
Et  Dauno  possem  incolumem  servare  parenti. 
Nunc  pereat,  Teucrisque  pio  det  sanguine  pon 

NOTES. 

590.  Exeumu :  thrown — toet  from  his  608.  f^entu^  rU  rebtwe^  &c.  ' 
ehariot.  ironically,  as  appeare  both  from 

591.  Piua  ^neas»  Dr.  Trapp  obseirei  the  sentence,  and  the  answer  of 
the  epithet  pius  seems  a  little  incongruous,  shows  tliat  she  considered  it  ii 
while  he  is  insulting  a  fallen  enemjr.  Some  Uow  Venus  supports  the  Trojii 
Boidier>Uke  epithot  would  scem  much  more  qqq^  Opet:  in  the  senee  of 
propcr  for  our  hero  on  this  occasion.  But  ^^^^  strcngth,  or  power  to  the 
he  is  avenging  the  death  of  his  friend  Pallat^  perform  such  mighty  doede.  V 
who  liad  just  been  slain ;  and  among  the  gense  of  ardent 

h.^atli.n,  that  was  looked  upon  as  an  act  of        ^^^    Submit^:  hamble-«ib 

^592.  Lucage :  Mr.  Davidson  observos,  this  6 12.  Mgram :  afflicted  -full « 

is  a  vcry  poor  sentiment,  an  ill-timed  affec-  P">n.  me,  is  understooa. 

tation  of  wit,  unworthy  both  of  the  poel  and  613.  Siforet  mihi  vit:  O,  tha 

thc  liero.     Virgil  appears  to  have  been  led  the  same  force  in  my  love — C 

into  it,  from  an  over  fondness  for  Homer.  the  same  influence  over  thy  af 

J^ulla  segnis  :  no  slow  flight  of  your  horses,  but  I   have   lost  it;    for    othc 

^c.  wouldst  not  deny  me  this. 

594.  Juga:  properly  the  yoke :  here,  the  616.  Possem:  I  would  be  •! 

chariot.     Sometimes,   aiso,  the  horses,  by  desire  to  have  power,  &:c. 

mcton.  617.    Pereat :   now  he  muit 

598.  Sine :   spare,  or  save  this  life.     In  make  rotribution,  &c. 

llie  sense  of  parce.     Rueus  says,  omitte,  This  is  said  by  Juno  with  a  i 

601.    Latebras  anima  :    the  seat  of  life.  dignation,  that  the  farorite  of  1 

Rueus  says,  quo  latet  anima,     Latebrtu  is  thus  prevail,  and  tliat  the  dao] 

put  in  apposition  with  pectus.  have  more   influence   with   Jo 

607.  Conjux.     Juno  was  both  the  sister,  wife.     Davidson  rendert  the  w 

and  wife  of  Jove.   Con^iur  is  both  a  huibanU,  nas :  ^  let  him  glut  the  Tenfi 

%nd  wife  Trolana  with  his  pioot  blooo.' 


ANEIS.    JLB   X.  §19 

le  tUMni  iiostri  deduck  origine  nomen ; 
iunniisque  iUi  quartua  pater ;  et  tua  largi 
epe  manu,  multisque  oneniYit  limina  donia.  6fO 

ai  rex  aBtlierei  breviter  uc  fiitur  Olympi  * 

mora  pneaentis  leti,  tempuaque  caduco 
ratur  juveni,  meque  hoc  tta  ponere  aentii; 
aile  fug&  Turnum^  atque  instantibus  eripe  fiitis. 

Mtenus  indulsiase  vacat.     Sin  altior  istis  '  625     iiS*  Vacat  wM  io- 

ib  piccibus  venia  ulla  latet,  totumque  movari  dukbw  iibi 

utarive  pulas  beilum,  spes  pascis  inanes. 
ui  Juno  iilacbrymans :  Quid  si,  quod  voce  gravaris, 
lente  dares ;  atque  biec  Turno  rata  vita  maneret  ? 
unc  manet  insontem  gravis  exitus !  aut  ego  veii      630 
ana  feror  :  qu6d  ut  6  potius  formidine  &ls4  631.  QuM,  6  tit  m 

lUdar ;  et  in  melius  tua,  qui  potes,  orsa  reflectas !  ^t  poCiAs 

Hcc  ubi  dicta  dedit,  cmlo  se  protinCM  alto 
lisit,  agens  byemem  nimbo  succincta  per  auras, 

iacamque  aciem,  et  Laurentia  castra  petivit.  636  ^ 

um  Dea  nube  cavA  tenuem  sind  viribus  umbram,  696.  Tam  Dm  ornal 

I  fiiciera  JEnem^  visu  mirabile  monstrum !  ^*!!**^"^^"  ^'k^ 

ardaniis  ornat  lelis :  clypeumque  iubasque  ^^'Ji^i^*"*^  viniKis  i 

...  i^  !.••  t  cava  nuDo» 

inm  assiraulat  capitis ;  dat  mania  verba : 

at  siiie  menie  sonum,  gressusque  eflingit  euntis.      640 

!olte  obit&,  quales  fama  est  volitare  figuras, 

ut  quc  sopitos  deludunt  somnia  sensus. 

t  primas  leta  ante  acies  exsultat  imago, 

ntatque  virum  telis,  et  voce  lacessit 

«tat  cui  Turnus,  stridentemque  eminito  liastam         645 

oiijicit :  illa  dato  vertit  vestigia  tergo.  6^  IU%  «n^o  veitil 

iifn  verd  iEnean  aversum  ut  cedere  Tumus 

miidit,  atque  animo  spem  tuiiiidus  hausit  inanem : 

R0TE8. 

eslled  pious,  becaoM  Tarnai  was  datoend-  word  mugw^  vel  aruapex^  is  imdonlood. 

.  fkom  the  goda,  Rumu  B&yt,  dicor  ignara  veriiaiiM, 

619.  Quar/ta  pater.  Turnus  wu  the  63S.  Inmiliut:  Uken  sdverbially,  for  tlic 
mth  in  a  direct  line  from  Pilumnui,  who  boUer.    Orta :  in  the  eenae  of  uir^ls.    Qim 

therefore,  called  hie  fourth  fathor.    He    paiet :  who  haet  power.    Jupiler  ooold  oo^ 
is  hifl  grcat*grandfather*s  father.  trol  the  fatee,  by  deferring,  or  impeding  Iheir 

620.  Limina  tua :   in  Ihe  senae  of  itta    purpooee,  or  decreee. 

mpia.  ^4.  J^itnbo :  in  the  oenee  of  nti^e. 

622.  Mora :  a  delay — respite  from.  Co-  636.  TVnn  Dea^  kc  This  ie  taken  fron 
€o :  about  to  fall-^oomed  to  fall  by  the  Homer,  Iliad  t.,  where  ApoUo  raiees  a  phan* 
ad  of  iEneas.    Mox  easuro,  eaye  Heyne.  tom  in  the  ehape  of  £neae.    But  Virfil  hos 

623.  Ponere  :  lo  eottle,  fiz  or  determine.  greatly  improyed  upon  the  original. 
iuttituere^  says  Heyne.     Oratur :  is  aeked  638.  Ornat :  in  Ihe  eenee  of  imiruit, 

thco.  640.  Iffingii:  ropreeente.     Rusua  si^ 

625.  Faeai :  in  the  eenie  of  UeeL    Hae»    exprimii, 

lut:  Bo  far.  641.  JITarfe  ohiid:  after  death— doath  b^ 

626.  rtnia :  in  the  101100  of  groHa.  ing  paat 

628.  Oravaris :  you  are  loth,  or  «nwilling  642.  Sepiiae  ienaue :  the  alnmboringesBees 
grant  by  words.  — or  eenoee  buried  in  aloep.    QtMi :  ia  ths 

629.  Qiiuf  ti  daree,    Juno  horo  eewma  to    eenso  of  ^iMlia. 

preas  «ome  fear,  that  her  haabaiid  wae        646.  Tirgo  4af :  tho  baek  boing  tansd 

I  ainccre  in  granting  her  ovon  Ihia  ^or.  toward  Tumua,  il  fled  from  hini. 
mie :  from  your  heart    eincoroly.  647.  Cedfre :  in  tho  aenao  of  yVfars. 

630.  Exiiut:  in  tho  mimt  ot mare.   Fmm       648.  TVirMiM;  ia  Iho  asnw  of 
le  has  Ihe  aonao  q( igmrm^-  OrelMlhe  slsfM» arrifisiifii. 


649.    InfuU,    £net,  QuA  ^^ns,  jEnea  ?  thalamoa  ne  desere  pKcUa: 
''Bfifl * t'  1»  ^^^^  tliibitur  dextra  lelliis  quaesha  per  undaa. 

Mr   undM   dibitur  fibi  '''"''''  vociferans  sequitur,  9tricluni(]ue  comscat 
nlc  mea  doitiik.  Mucronem  :   ijec  ferro  videt  sua  gaudia  ventcM 

Forte  ratU,  celei  coiijuncta  crepidine  sazi, 
Exposilis  slabat  scatie,  et  ponle  parato, 
655  QuftruiiitrexOBi  Quft  rex  Clusinis  advectus  Osinius  oria. 
Miu  advDcb»  /Woid     Hiic  sese  trepida  Mnex  fugientis  ima^o 

Conjicit  in  lalebras:  nec  Tumus  segnior  instat, 

.  Exsuperatquo  moras,  et  pontes  transitit  aiios. 

Vix  proram  attigerat ;  rutnpit  Saturnia  funem, 

MO.  Rapilqne  naram  Avulmmque  rapit  revoluta  per  ffiquora  naveni. 

■TOlMm  a  lilor€  pei  ro-  iii„ni  autem  jEneas  absentera  in  prwlia  poscit ! 

■    "^  Obvia  rnulta  virflm  dcmittit  corpora  raorti. 

Tum  levis  haud  ultHl  latebras  jam  ijusrit  imago, 
Sed  Bublime  volana  niibi  se  tmmiscuit  airs  : 
Ciim  Tuniuin  inedio  intereit  fert  Kquore  turbo. 
Kespicit  ignarus  rerum,  ingratusque  salutia, 
Et  duplicea  cuin  voce  manus  ad  aidera  tendit : 
Omnipoleiis  genitor,  tanion'  me  cnmine  dignum 
Duxisti  ?  et  lales  voluisli  expendore  pteiuis  ? 
Qo6  feror  .'  unde  abii  ?  quae  me  fuga,  quemve  tm 
Laurenles-ne  iierum  inuros  aut  casira  videbo  t 
67i  Quid  ills  minku  Quid  manua  illa  virflm,  qui  me  meaque  arma  moi 
viram  diat,  .[m  wouu  Quos[|Lie,  nefus!   omnes  inikndi  in  morte  r«liqiiil{ 
Et  nunc  paluiiles  tideo,  gemitumque  cadentiW 


NOTE8. 


fH9.  fatloi  Ikalamoi !  Ihepnmiced  malcli. 

bbi.  JVrc  vtdel :  iior  does  ho  perceive  Ihit 
tiie  v,'iud«  Ueiir  off  hi«  joya.  Thie  ig  &  pro- 
verbiiJ  BipreHiioiL,  denoling  di«appuiDtine]Lt. 
Jtucrsncm  :  iii  ihe  sense  of  enieni. 

653.  Conjnnela:  the  ahip  waa  eonnected 
witli,  or  mourcd  to  the  lop  of  a  high  rock. 
CTtpidmt,  tliu  &bl.  for  crepidini,  ihe  dal. 

6M.  Expaiiiil :  eltended~-resching  to 
IbB  nbnre.  Theie  Isdders  atid  bnilge  iiad 
been  niiide,  for  Ihe  purpose  of  luiding  (roopa 
trtiiB  the  veHel  or  aliip. 

655.  Uiiniui.  U  ia  prubsble  he  wu  com- 
Uonder  of  tboie  troopa,  or  «t  leut  lome  dia- 
tinguiihed  inan  amung  bia  citizenB;  ror  rtx 
doea  nut  bIw&ji  imply  a  king:  ■ometimeB  a 
BDblemBn.  Mosticiu  nppeui  to  h&ve  been 
(he  king  of  Clarium. 

657.  Lalebrai.  Tliis  word  properl;  lig- 
DiGea  aoy  hiding  place — or  [ilsce  of  conceal- 
roent.  Uere  it  pliinly  maana  Ihe  hold  of 
the  ahip,  inlo  which  Iho  Bhadow  or  image 
aT  JEneta  cancesled  itiieir. 

6SB.  Menu:  obitacloe^hindrsncee. 

B60.  Rernlula  ir^iiira :  tbe  rolling  billows. 
Herviue  tliinkB  raaluta  is  to  be  connected 
with  noTian  hj  hTpil1a.ge.  But  this  is  an- 
'lore;  for  ntiolula  ia  s  very  propor 


666.  Ingrahu:  Dnthanbful  fbrl 
He  considerB  It  no  fsvor  to  be  reee 
the  Seld  of  baUle,  where.  if  be  fell,) 
fall  in  tho  defenco  of  hia  bonor, 
glory  of  hiB  oouatry. 

G6S.    Duxiili.     Rusus   esyi,  e 

Crimint :   criaio — diigrace baM 

Didal  thou  conaider  me  deeerviid 
an  impulBlion,  euch  disgrace  iipDn 
raclcr,  sa  thsl  nriBiiig  froia   denn 
companionsinbsllle?    Throuirhoulj 
drees,  Tumua  manifeits  Ihe  soldieri 
hero.     Tanton' :  for  /an(o-ne,  ^ 


S^ 


670.  Quei 
howdiignieod?   Quotcm,  esys  Ri 
in  the  Benae  of  diiceiiL 

671.  Coitra.  Turnns  here  meani 
csmp;  perlnps  Iho  fieid  Dfbaltle. 
roi,  he  may  mean  Ihe  capital  of  I 
dom  ;  or  his  country  in  genersl. 

673.  Jtfnniu  oiriiTR.'  tlist  baud  t 
thoBe  troopB  of  mine.  Ruf  ua  ray 
tudo  hominam.     Dxetl  ie  underBtoo 

673.  A>/cu.  Ttiie  is  hore  lalten 
lerjeeliou.  O,  disBrsce  ! — O.  fout 
lude  '.     Infanda :   in   the  sense  ol 


r  the  ■ 


Valpy  myv,  "  throngb 


JSNE18.    UB.  Z:  «11 

0.    Qind  agam  ?  aut  (\\m  jam  satifl  ima  dehiaeat 

mihi  ?  Voa,  6  potiiiB  miaerescite,  venti,  676     Voa,    O   ▼oDd 

M,  .n  saxa,  (volens  voa  Turnua  adoro,)  P**J^   miiMwsiu  «ii, 

Titem,  sevisque  vadia  immittite  syrtis ;  fj  ^  '•^  "  "^^ 

ique  me  Rutuli,  neque  conscia  fama  sequatur.  679     079,  CooBdtmim/tiftm 

lemorana,  animo  nuuc  huc,  nunc  fluctuat  iiluc, 

e  mucrone  ob  tantum  dedecus  amens 

,  et  crudum  per  costas  exigat  enaem  ; 

•us  an  jaciat  mediia,  et  litora  nando 

petat ;  Teucriimque  iterum  se  reddat  in  arma. 

natuB  utramque  viam :  ter  maxima  Juno  686     686.  Ter  conatai  af 

uit ;  juvenemque  animi  miserata  repressit  686.  MiMmUdoUntm 

r  alta  seoans,  fluctuque  leatuque  secundo  *  aniim 

is  antiquam  Dauni  defertur  ad  urbem. 

ovis  intere^  monitis  Mezentius  ardena 

it  pugns,  Teucrosque  invadit  ovantea.  690 

rrunt  TyrrliensB  acies,  atque  omnibus  uni,  691.    Atquo    insuat 

iisque  viro  telisque  frequentibus  instant,  J''®  ""'•  »('*  ^^^  omiii- 

lut  nipes,  vastum  quae  prodit  in  a3quor,  693.'  5j"*    lut  tnMo 

irentorum  fliriis,  exp6staque  ponto,  694  f^  y^ut 

mctam  atque  minas  perfert  coelique  mariaque, 

imota  manens.     Prolem  Dolichaonis  Hebrum 

humi ;  cum  quo  Latagum,  Palmumque  fugacem :      697.   C^fi^  cum    quo 

tagum  saxo  atque  ingenti  fragmine  montis  ttemii 

it  os  faciemque  adversam  :  poplite  Palmum  ^®®'  ^l^fj??*"^**  ^* 

>  volvi  segnem  sinit ;  armaque  Lauao  "^^  ciemTuo  ^**^**^    ^** 

habere  humeris,  et  vertice  figere  cristas.  701.   Vortice  eamHM 

D  Evantem  Phrygium,  Pandisque  Mimanta  Noc  non  ttemit 

3m  comitemque  :  un^  quem  nocte  Theano 

NOTES. 

9iiort«nltbii.    Aeeipio:  in  tho  ■onso  wayoi  carriod  tho  voomI  lorword :  which  w 

u  ■aying,  in  othor  wordo,  that  tho  wind  waiin 

Dfhitcat :  cui  open  sufficiently  deep  hie  favor.    Labitur :  in  the  ■enie  9f  prove» 

•in  proportion  to  my  crime.    Agam,  hitur,    AUa :  for  maria. 

tiecommoureadiug.   Heynehaa  o^o.  691.  7)frrhefUB  aeiee.    Tho  Tusciui  troopt 

^doro :  in  the  sen8e  of  eupplico,  accompanied   iEnoaa,  for  the  purpoee    of 

^iiduat :  in  the  Bense  of  trans/odiaL  taking  vengoanco  npon  Mezentiu«  on  ae- 

:  inthcsense  ofcru</<>/cfn,velnu4ium.  count  of  tho  cruelties  he  had  done,  during 

nterprets  it  by  dunm,    Heyne  ob-  hia  reign.    And  now  thcv  seo  him  entering 

hat  the  Roman  copy  has  mtrront  in  the  fight,  thoy  nish  upon  him  from  all  parts, 

,  which  he  thinks  preferablo  to  tho  and  press  him  with  their  great  effortr      Ilut 

reading,  inasmuch,  as  it  makos  the  thev  are  foilod  in  every  attack.     He  itaiids 

induat  eaiiier.     In  this  caso  it  would  their  assaults  like  an  immovablo  rock.   Tho 

)  ecnse  of  irruat :  he  rushod  or  feU  comparison  is  veiy  significant. 

i  point  of  his  sword.     Induo,  com-  693.  Prodit :  projects,  or  extends  irto  tht 

\  of  tn  and  duo  vel  do,     Valpy  takes  sea.     Rueus  says,  proeurrit. 

t  ffcnse  of  trans/odiat :   whether  he  694.    Ofrvta ;   in  the  sense   of   opfottla 

tab  himself,  Sic,  Ponto :  to  tho  sea — the  rage  of  the  »ea, 

lUramque  viam :   each  expedient —  696.  ProUm :  in  the  sense  of^iium. 

699.  Oceupat  Latagum :  ho  strikcK  Latt 

^fiieralaanimi:  pitying  tho  anguish  gus  upon  the  mouth  and  face,  as  he  Mood 

lind,  reittrainod  and  provontod  tho  opposito  hinx 

Qin  execiitinff  hifl  purposo.    Ammi:  700.  Votvitegnem:  to  wallow,  or  roM  op 

ic  readin^  of  Heyne.     Dolorem%  ot  the  ground— disabled  and  wounded.    Jiuwaa 

f  t)ic  I ikc  iniport,  is  understood  as  la  takos tegnem^  in the  sonso o^jaeenttm,  Simi: 

.    RiKcus  •ind  Davidson  haveaniMO.  ho  loaves  him,  Slc, 

•ifrmido  Jluctn:  tho  wavot  and  our-  701.  Habere:  in  tho  sense  nT /trre, 

ig  fuvorable.    Tho  notioii  of  tba  704    C/ni  ^cm  mocIs,  &o.    Tho  inoauoic 


1(29  P-  V1R6IL1I  HARONIS 

In  hioiiin  ^enitori  Amyco  dedrt ;  et  iluw  pmgnHi 
705.    Paris    oceubat  Cisseis  regina  Parin :  Paria  nvbe  palernft 
palcrnA  tfrbe:  Laiiraiii  Qccubat ;  ignarum  Laurena  iiabel  ora  Mimaabi 
^iJ^    ^A^  »«i»i    :it>      Ac  velut  ille  canum  monu  de  montibua  mhii 
«per,aetiiflde  altie  mon-  Actus  aper,  muitoB  VeBulus  quem  puBlfer  amK» 
tibu4     inorau     c&uum,  Defeodit,  multoaque 'palus  Laurentia,  eylvi 
P^^u*  Pastus  arundineft ;  postquam  inier  retia  ventom  mk  Vt 

709.  Laurentia  palu.  Substitit,  infremuitque  ferox,  et  inhoimit  annos 

me/enaii  mmioB  annot       tvt  •  •        •  -v  j  «^^ 

7 12    Nec  est   virtua  ^^  cuiquam  irasci  proprasfve  accedere  virtui, 

uuique  S^  jaculis  tutisque  procul  elamoribua  inatant ; 

lUe  autem  impavidus  parles  <^nctatur  in  omnei, 
Dentibus  infrendbns,  et  tergo  decutit  hastaa*  TU 

7ltf.  Haud  aliter,  non  Haud  aliter,  justae  quibus  est  Mesentius  ire, 

ert  ^animus  ulU  torwn,  Non  ulU  est  animus  stricto  concurrere  ierro ; 

^^  ^  Missilibus  long<d,  et  vasto  clamore  kceBsimt. 

Venerat  antiquis  Corythi  de  finibus  Acron,  W 

Graius  homo ;  infectoe  linquens  profugos 
Hunc  ubi  miscentem  longd  media  agmina  Tidit, 
Purpureum  pennis,  et  pactsB  conjugia  oetro : 
Impastus  stabula  aha  leo  ceu  siepd  peragrana , 
7tS.  Ceu  impastuB  leo  Suadet  enim  vesana  fiimes ;  ei  fortd  fugacem 

MB^  peragrans  aiu  ita-  Conspexit  capream,  aut  eurgentem  in  comua 

Gaudet  hians  immand,  comasque  arrezit,  et  hsMt 
Visceribus  super  incumbene :  krit  improba  tster 
Ora  cruor : 

Sic  ruit  in  densoe  alacer  Mezentiua  hoatee. 
Stemitur  infelix  Acron,  et  calcibuB  atram 
Tundit  humum  expirana,  infiactaque  iela  omeBlaL 

NOTES. 

ts,  that  m  the  very  same  night  Theano  bore        711.  Jnfiorruii  otwmm:  he  briillet  ap  kii 

Mimas,  and  Hecuba,  Paris.     Hence  they  are  shoulden. 

Baid   to   be  of   cqual  age,  aqttalem.      Dr.        712.  Iraaci:  to  engage  him— to  wieekkii 

Bentlny  observos,  that  ereai  is  quite  redon-  vengeance  on  him. 

dant :  for  the  sentenco  is  porfect  without  it.        714.  Cunetaiwr,     Rueaa  saja,  ofpomim 

BeBide,  there  is  something  incongruous  in        716.  Jutimirm:  for  a  joet  reeeDtjnait 

making  creat^  and  dedit^  in  different  tenses ;         720.  Profugut.   Rueus  saya,  acbwna    Di^ 

and  also  the  omission  of  the  nom.  to  the  vidson  renden  it,  **  deeertod  to  iEneas."  H^ 

verb  oceiibat  perplcxcs  the  sonse.     He,  there-  menaot  infeetot :   in  the  aense  of 

fore,  conjcctures  the  reading,  as  Virgil  left  it,  imperfeeiat. 

must  bc : und  quem  noete  TA^Sno        721.  Miteentem:  putting  into  confi] 

fn  iucen^  genitori  Amyeo  dedii  ;   ei  faet  breaking  through  the  middtle  ranke. 

prdgnatit  e&ysi  turhaniem, 

Citsni  re^ina  Parin,    ParitvrbepatemA        722.  Purpureum  :  red  with  plnmei,  iBi 

occubat,  the  purple  of  his  betrolhod  apomie    wfcif* 

Dedit :  in  the  sense  o^peperit^  vel  proluKt,  was  given  him  bv  her . 

705.  Parit.  Heync  omits  ereat^  which  ie  724.  Suadei :  in  the  aense  of  ttrgd,  id 
tlie  common  reading,  and  eubstitutes  Paris.  impellit,     Vetana  :  ezoeaaive— imioodaiii 

706.  Igfiarum  :  in  the  Bense  of  ignotim,  Fugaeem:  timorous. 

707.  Morsu:  in  the  Bense  of /a/ra/u.  Ille  125,  Surgenttm  in  eomwt,  Thiaoifimtm 
aper :  a  boar.  Servius  says  the  pron.  ille  ie  the  ttately  motion  of  a  iarge  stag,  wkoii 
oscd  by  an  idiom  of  the  language,  to  enno-  branching  homs,  ap  he  moves  along,  seMBtt 
ble  or  t>nlarge  tlie  subject.  lifl  him  up  from  the  ground. 

7lC.  Pattut.    Servius  thinRs  this  is  for  726.  Comai :  in  the  sense  ofjubam. 

patium^  agreeing  with  quem^  by  antiptosis.  727.  Inmmbentt,     Some  copies  haTS  t^ 

Dr.  Bentley  thinks  the  poet  wrote  pateit  or  eumbens,    For  tevt/,  the  Roman  copf  kii 

srbose  nominative  would  be  Lauren^  taoai,    Improba :  hungrr — ravenous.  Fi» 

I.  <S(y/iidfiat/u«.*havingfeduponreeds.  rihus:  tlie  flanks— aiming  his  deadly  |ii9 


dtfendii  is  undenkood  tJioTpalus    at  the  flanks  of  the  vietim. 
k  FisfihnieitfliitheMnseofeefiti         •3i    /i|/V«elii  .*  ia  tbe  eei] 


olJSttam 


JSNBIS.    LIB.  K.  ffgn 

Atqiie  ideni  fiigientem  hand  est  dignatm  Orbden  TSi.  Atqae  Idem  i/«- 

Bteraere,  nec  jactA  cflMsum  dare  cuspide  vulnus :  ^^  ^^  digniiM 
Olnriua  adversoque  occurrit,  seque  yiro.Tir 

Contolit ;  haud  furto  melior,  aed  fortibus  annis.  735 

Tum  super  abjectum  pomto  pede,  nixus  et  hastA :  736.  Soper  «iimalij*^ 

Pars  belli  haud  temnenda,  viri,  jacet  altua  Opodes.  ^^yj    ai»  q  vin.  Aie 

Conclamant  socii,  laetum  Paeana  secuti.  •ItM  Orodee  j»eeL  pm 

Dle  autem  expirans :  Non  me,  quicunque  es,  inuho,  ^^^ 

Victor,  nec  longum  lietabere :  te  quoque  6ta  740     739.  Aii :  qiueaBqtti 

Prospectant  paria,  atque  eadem  mox  arva  tenebis.  •"S  ■on  vtwf  victor,  nee 

Ad  quem  subridens  mixtA  Mezentius  iri :  lllJtoSu!"''""  ^^'^ 

Nunc  morere !  Ast  de  me  DivOm  pater  atque  homfanim 

rex 
▼iderit !  Hoc  dicens,  eduxit  corpore  tehim. 
Olli  dura  quies  oculos  et  ferreus  urget  746    \ 

Bomnus ;  in  etemam  clauduntur  lumina  noctem. 

Canlicus  Alcathoum  obtruncat,  Sacrator  Hydaspen : 
Partheniumque  Rapo,  et  predurum  viribus  Otaen : 

Messapus  Cloniumque,  Lycaoniumque  Ericeten :  749.  Mempof  Mnei 

Ulum,  infrasnis  equi  lapsu  tellure  jacentem ;  760  ^L^  «,  ..     ^ 

Hunc,  pcditcm  pedes.     Et  Lycius  processerat  Agis,         mw»  jacenUm"'**' 
Quem  tamen  haud  expers  Valerus  virtutis  avit»  75irHnne,     nwneii, 

Dejicit :  Athronium  Salius ;  Saliumque  Nealces,  Erieeien  pediteniVTM 

Imngnis  jaculo,  et  longd  fallente  sagittA.  pe^e^    Et  Lvciue  Agii 

Jam  gravis  (equabat  luctus  et  mutua  Mavors  766  l*^'*""™*    *•   Mcnm 

Funera  :  csdebant  pariter,  pariterque  ruebant  ^^^ 

Victores  victique :  neque  his  fuga  nota,  neque  illiB*  767.  Nota  ert  liis 

Dl  Jovis  in  tectis  iram  miserantur  inanem 
Amborum,  et  tantos  mortalibus  esse  labores. 
Hinc  Venus,  hinc  contrii  spectat  Satumia  Juno.         760 
PaUida  Tisiphone  media  inter  millia  sflDvit. 

NOTE8. 

73S.  Haud  dtgnahu  ut :  he  dledained  to  748.  Ptwiunm :  veiy  powerfbL 

kai,  ke.  750.  lUuM.    lUe  froquentlv  ■igni6ee  the 

733.  Cfuspide :  the  point,  taken  by  ■jnec  fonner,  or  fint  mentioned,  and  hie  tbe  laltei^ 

fbr  the  wliole  speer.  or  laet  mentioned.    In  the  preeent  caee- 1/* 

735.  Abjccium :  in  the  aense  ofprottratum,  hun  meene  Ctomitt,  who  hed  fkUen  Irom  hie 

We  h&vo  here  the  image  of  a  nero.    Me-  restive  horee ;  while  Aini^  meane  Eriettei^ 

aentius  di«dainod  to  take  any  advantage  of  who  fbaght  on  foot    Meeeapua,  though  the 

hie  eiicmy,  although  the  lawe  of  war  would  commander  ot'  the  hone,  waa  now  on  foot, 

1ia.Te  jusliiicd  hiin  in  so  doing;  but  he  met  pedee,    Infranit:  in  the  eenee  of  indmniiL 

lufn  face  lo  face,  (adverto^)  and  gave  liim  an  752.  Expert :  degenerate  from— ^leetitote 

opportunity  to  try  the  strength  of  hie  arro,  of.    Of  ex  and  vart.    The  poet  here  com- 

lumself  not  his  supcrior  in  etratagem,  but  pllmente  the  Valerian  (amilv,  then  verr  in« 

in  deeds  of  valor.  fluential  at  Rome,  to  which  the  famoua  rab- 

738.  Seeuli:  in  the  eenee  of  repe/en/e«,  vel  licola  belonged.    Avitm:   in  the  eenae  ofi 
CMnentet.    Pctana :  in  the  eenee  of  ean/uei.  mmorum, 

739.  Auttm  itte,  &c.     Here  Vir^l  maliee  753.  De/ttif:  proetratee— kille.    Thbvarb 
Orodes  foretell  the  death  of  hie  Tictor.    In  ie  to  be  eoppiied  with  SaHut^  and  /femlem^ 
thie  hc  follows  Homer,  who  nakee  Hector  754.  Ltmgi /allenie :  etriking  liim  fhMn  a 
fbretell  thc  deoth  of  Achillee,  who  wae  after-  distanoe— It  wae  ehot  from  a  diatanee,  aad 
vard  Klain  by  Paris.  apprdached  onperoeived.  Feriethit  4  kmgitt 

740.  Fata :  in  the  lenie  of  «lert.  ^  tneaiilyai,  eaye  Hejne. 

741.  Protpfictani :  in  the  eenee  ofmtmmL       758.  T^eeiit :  m  the  palace  of  Jova.   Thia 
745.  Olli :  for  Uli  by  aatithewe:  the  dai.    wae  eitiiated  on  Moont  Oljmpne.    Jbi 

In  fhe  eense  of  the  gen^  te  ba  eonneetod    nenleee    tendinf  to  no  pnipoea.    Fi 
wHhoctt/os  aaiaBwMk 


At  w6  lag— tom  quatimi  .lIiiiii|ijHuii.lmHpi    t 

«  :,  TuriMduB  in^Qditur  campo.    QiitemgpvOoaib 

7<I4.  CfHn  Inoedtt^f».  Oiim  pedes  incedit  medii  per  maai|ifk.N«li)|i  .,  ..    .q 

te,  MindeM  ^hm  HM  Bligi»  ^wn  ■cindeM,  humeio  ■Bpeiymnjt  midMfa 

^mM^mM,  111(1»  .      j^„|  suminig  refemis  amiMMa mcmiSw  oww^  - 1 

Ingrediturqae  iola,  et  capnfc  inler  na^  omHiiti^  i 

*  Talis  ae  Tasds  infi»t  Mesentiiii  enui.        .      .rMii 

TIHI.  -Cmtak  ^»^  Huic  oontriL  .fioeaa,  apeculatui  ip  aniiii^  taf»i  i 

22l?!l^     ^  ObTiuB  iie  parat    Manet  impertov^iH^        k 

^nTEmmnM  ooatti  Hoatem  magnanimum  oppeiiena,  et  motenofc  if»^ 

ifMtea,  ^pMBtw»  <ii  Atque  oculii  «patium  emenauai  qffaiitomfa<ialyM<|| 

mniM  hufta,  mU  9  km  Deirtm,  mihi  Deua,  et  tehimi  yiod  miiplii  lit|0|    ■ 

^^?V^^  *f'  ,"?"  Nunc  adaintl    Voveo  prsdonii  ocvpore  raptii ^ , 

talt?«Jrhr?^.JS^I«tatam.poBkip«mte.r*u«,tr^^        „ 

mdHniiinU/  ^ne».    Dizit:  itridentemque  omiaJka,baitam     ) 

T76.  O  faoM,  Toreo Injicit :  iUa  volani clypeo eit eacoiH^,proeolqoi..( 

toipmim  habihirum  tro*  Egrigium  Antorem  httui  inter  el  ilia  figits         .-.^ 

plwam  Anen,  ef,  /ert  g^,^^  Antorom comitem, qui miaoiah  Aiipi  4 

^  W°irlSLSl?  per  Haa^  • 

«aTttmorbeme(||Mitrip.  Sleniitnr  infidiz  alieno  Tuhiare,  ooi^^ 

Iki  M»  per  liBeft  teifa,  Aapicit,  et  dulcea  morieoi  remmiicitur  Ama.     j 
opoeqoe  immBtom  fum  piui  iBneii  hiitam  jacit :  lUa  per  omni . .  i 

••editiie^^**'  ^^  *^  ^^  ^''""  triplici,  per  linea  tMga,  tribuMpi^      ij 
tgo.  LMMie,  oi  pK-  Treniiit  inteztum  tauria  opua ;  imaque  eedA        q 
ridli««MierMae«(-Iogmne;,iedjnreihaudipeit^^    OqjteeoiHaJ 


tiemiian  iEiieaSf  WiOtTynrheni  mnguine,-bBtiH^ 

791.  Hlo,  ei  im^w^  Eripit  k  femore,  et  trepidanti  lenridui  matat        .1 

SSro|!:S^^m^^^  J^^J^f  ^^  «ranter  genitori.  amoio,  , 

eUebo  ^m  ^  dune  Ut  vidit,  LauBUi ;  hu^hrymaBque  per  01«  voluta.  ., 
mortis  Hic,  mortis  durae  casum,  tuaque  optima  fiicta, 

NOTES. 

763.  Turbidut:  fariooe— fierce — all  m  e    TolEee— <Miftnl  nune:  mmj  thoy  el 
rage.     It  would  seem  from  hence  that  Me-    aeauit  mr  efforta. 

tentiua  hitherto  had  onl j  been  in  the  slurte        777.  fnjieii.  This  ie  the  readinf:  cl 

of  tbe  battle.    Now  he  preesee  on  amidst  The  common  readins  ie  jeeitj  in  fl 

the  thiclEest  ranlEs,  fVirious  for  fight    This  tense.     Rueus  and  DaTidson  hafa| 

agrees  best  with  the  foUowing  comparison.  Heyne  omits  the  o/.  ^  Valpj  doee  4| 
Orion  is  here  mentioned,  in  regard  to  his        779.  Miuut:  having  come  (ro4 

magnitude  among  the  oonstellations.  There  had  joined,  tio.    Antores  hed  beea  I 

b  a  great  majesty  and  subUmily  in  the  panion  of  Hereulee  in  hie  traTols.  ^ 
figure,''OrionmarchingthroughthewaTee.*'        781.  Mieno  vulnere :  by  n  wooi 

It  18  taken  fVem  Homer.  ed  for  another,    Or,  mUnere  roay 

764.  Jferei*     Jfereut^  a  god  of  the  eea,  for  the  weapon  inflicting  the  wou] 
taken  by  meton.  for  the  sea  itself.    Sta^na:  ton.    By  a  weapon  intended  for 
properly  the  deep  parts  of  the  eea,  or  riTor.  fer  Aneas. 
Pedei    a  foot-man— on  fooL  783.  Orbem,    OrbtM  may  be 

766.  Referent :  resembling.  This  appeare  for  the  ehield.    Rneae  eaye,  rij 

botter  than  to  talLO  it  with  Rusbus  in  the  ehield,  it  appears,  coneieted  of 

eense  of  reporlant.    DaTidson  obeerres,  that  of  brass,  (Jtriplici  eut^  and  aa  ] 

referent  here  may  mean  resembling,  as  it  nesses  of  the  buU^s  hide,  (tribut 

does  in  some  other  places.     Valpy  says,  wrought  and  interwoTon  ae  to  ~ 

**  resembUng.**  ^  tion  against  missiTO  weapone. 

773.  Dextra  Deitt,    Mezentius  is  aU  along  fastened  and  bound  together  bj  ii 

n^preeented  as  ail  Atheist,  and  a  monster  of  nails,  set  thick  in  OTery  pait  of 

Impifty  and  cruclty.     Here  the  only  god  he  Hence  at  Is  eometimee  takea 

inTokcn  18  hi8  right  hand,  and  the  weapone  Terga  :  foldsL    The  epear  of 

irhich  tie  ie  about  to  Ihrow.    Thma  he  in-  makinir  ite  waj  throiBgii  Iha 


Bi  qua  ndem  tanto  est  operi  latura  vetustas, 

Nqd  equidem,  nec  te,  juvenis  memorande,  silebo  W.  Nec  tUeb^  te  ^ 

IBe  pedem  referens,  et  inutilis,  inque  ligatus  ^^ ^•'"^X*^*!^' 

Cedebat,  clypeoque  inimicum  bastile  trahebat  796  J^l^pedeni,'^!  inutilk 

Prorupit  juvenis,  seseque  immiscuit  armis.  pvgna 

Jamquc  assurgentis  dextr&,  plagamque  ferentis 

iEneee  snbiit  mucronem,  ipsumque  morando  798.    Subiitqie   mo- 

Sostinuit ;  socii  magno  clamore  sequuntur ;  cronem  ^ne»,  jam  a»> 

Dum  genitor  nati  parm&  protectus  abiret :  800  ■urgcatiB 

Telaque  conjiciunt,  proturbantque  emini^s  hostem 

Missilihns.     Furit  ^Eneas,  tectusque  tenet  se.  80t*  Tectnaqae  c(HMe 

Ac  velut,  eflrus&  siquando  grandine  nimbi 

Pnecipitant,  omnid  campis  diffugit  arator, 

Omnis  et  agricola,  et  tutft  latet  arce  viator,  805 

Aut  amnis  ripis,  aut  alti  fornice  saxi, 

Dum  pluit  in  terris ;  ut  possint,  sole  reducto, 

Exercere  diem :  sic  obrutus  undique  telis 

iEneas,  nubem  belli,  dum  detonet,  omnem, 

Bustinet :  et  Lausum  increpitat,  Lausoque  minatur :  810 

Qud,  moriture,  ruis  ?  majoraque  viribus  audes  ?  811.  Jiiif  qno  nili« 

Fallit  te  incautum  pictas  tua.     Nec  minus  ille  O /iieoiM,  moriture 

Exsuhat  demens.     Saevae  jamque  altii!ks  ire 

Dardanio  surgunt  ductori,  extremaque  Lauso 

Parcae  fila  legunt.     Validum  nainque  exigit  ensem,     816     816.  Filavite  Laneo 

Per  medium  iEneas  juvenem,  totumque  recondit  816.  Minacie  Jwenu 

Transiit  et  parmam  mucro,  levia  anna  minaeis, 

NOTES. 

lentiui,  had  spent  ite  force,  haud  periulii  799.   SuaHmdt  ipnm:   the  meaning  m, 

nrej ;  and  ■ettled  down  in  his  groin.  that  he  preTented  iEneae  from  giving  thn 

792.  Laturaeit:  wiU  give  credit  to.  re-  blow,  which  was  aimed  at  his  father,  hf 
H^Ua* :  in  tho  sense  of  potteriias  vel  potteri.  P»rryinf  it  off,  and  keeping  him  at  bay  for 

•fno      V  j      :1  •u-  --.— «  ^r  --I-      a  time,  unul  he  could  recover  himself,  and 

793.  -V«no,a,u/*:  m  the  «.n«.  of  c«fc-  „u„  ftom  the  combat.  Thi.  he  did  l^der 
6W.-worthy  to^  P"'»f;f •  _    cow  of  the  .hield  {p<,nna)  of  hi.  «m. 

Jlr„vt:crpiSrdTmVroST  ^z^t^^j^.'^'^-  ''^"' 

which  he  has  drawn  of  Lausus  shows  Ihe  nroDetluni 

con.uin.nato  skiU  of  the  poet  at  this  speciej  ^fXi^-  iffa.a  grandine :  a  storm  of 

of  descr.pUon      And  surely  no  ona  can  read  ^^    ^„^„,  hail  ™he.  down.    The  prep.  ex 

.t  without  parUking  of  his  feelings  and  on-  .,  ^de^tood,  to  govem  ^usd  grandnl 

lartammg  a  regrot  that  «o  brave  aud  at  the  ^     ^^?^  ^8^^ .  Yvery^ioughman. 

jHtmo  time  so  pious  a  youUi,  could  not  have  ^^^  .  ^,  ^^u^^tively  or  individu  Jfly. 

been  spared  to  be  a  hlesemg  to  his  people.  g^   ^^;^    ^^^  ^/^^  „  ^  ,^^^^  ^^^^ 

794.  Inque  ligatut:  by  tmesis,for  qu€  tn-  placee,  signifies  any  place  of  shelter,  or  safe 
Ogatut:  incumbored  by  Uie  spear  of  ^neae.  retreat.  Fitmiee:  under  the  projection  or 
/Ifc.     Mezontius.  covert  of  a  high  rock. 

796.  ProrupU :  he  sprang  forward.    Ar-        808.  Exereere  diem :  to  pursue  the  labora 

NNf ;  the  woapons  of  Uie  enemy.    One  dc-  ^f  the  day.     ^erort  per  diem^  says  Rueus. 
•cription  of  the  valiant  man,  is,  that  he        809.  JWiAm ;  storm  of  war.    Detonei :  in 

minglcs  wiLh  the  eneray.  the  senee  of /urt/  vel  tenit, 

798.  Mueronem :  the  poet  here  has  in  hie        811.  Audet  majora:  thou  attemptest  tbinga 

view  a  circumstance  recorded  in  the  Roman  beyond  thy  strength — greater  than. 
hielory.     Scipio  Africanue,  when   he  was        815.  Parealeguni:  the  destinies  wind  np 

only  seventeen  years  old,  protectod  his  father  the  last  thread,  £c  See  Ed.  iv.  47.    Rnmi 

in  tbie  mannor;  nor  did  he  retreat  untU  he  eays,  eoUiguni. 
had  noeived  twenty-eeven  wonnds.    Jlftt-        816.  TWiim.*  oiieRi  ie  nnderstood. 
mmem :  in  tbe  aense  of  giaiimm  817*  Minmett :  boaiting  — bold— dariilg. 


5M  P-  VDtGILn  UABXmB 

Et  tumcam,  molli  mater  qiiam  Mreimt  miio| 
Implevitque  tinum  sanguis :  tum  vita  per  aima 
Concessit  moesta  ad  Manes,  corpuaque  reliqmt. 

att.  Et  ora  efui  mo-      At  ver6  ut  vultum  vidit  morientis  et  ora, 
f^^  Ora  modis  Anchisiades  pallentia  miiis, 

Ingemuit  miserans  graviter«  deztramque  tetendit, 
Et  mentem  patriaB  subiit  pietatis  imago : 

8f5.  O  paer  miieran-  Qyid  tibi  nunc,  miserande  puer,  pro  laudibua  iatv, 

i^^^^tJ^^ll.  *^«  Quid  pius  iEneas  tant&  dabit  indole  dignum  ? 
MM/ur  tibi  pro  isttt  «         *       .«       t 

'^  Arma,  qubus  Istatus,  habe  tua :  teqne  parentum 

T  o  inMx  ^^^^^1  ^  cineri,  si  qua  est  ea  cura,  remitto* 

iJ^it  tuwSibm         ^^  tamen,  infelix,  miseram  solabere  mcntem • 

^neaB  magni  dextHL  cadis.  Increpat  ultrd 
Cunctantes  socios,  et  tenA  suUevat  ipeum, 
Sanguine  turpantem  comptos  de  more  capilloa. 

Intere^  genitor  Tiberini  ad  fluminis  UDdam 
Vulnera  siccabat  lymphis,  corpusque  levabati 
Arboris  acclinis  trunco.     Procul  «rea  ramis 
Dependet  galea,  et  prato  gravia  arma  quieecunt 
Stant  lecti  circum  juvenes :  ipse  sger,  «nhelana 
Colla  fovet,  fusus  propexam  in  pectore  barbam* 
Multa  super  Lauso  rogitat :  multosque  remittit^ 
84a  Qoirevooenteian  Qui  revocent,  mcBstique  ferant  mandata  parentis. 
kfraiio  At  Lausum  socii  exanimum  super  arma  &rebant 

Flentes,  ingentem,  atque  ingenti  vulnere  victum 
Agnovit  lopge  gemitum  prsesaga  mali  mena : 
Canitiem  immundo  deformat  pulvere,  et  ambaa 

NOTES.' 

818.  Jtfbl/taure;  withfinethresdeofgold.  822.    AnehuiaAeM:  Aneu.     A  po 
Gold  18  a  very  ductile  metal,  and  capablo  of  mic  noun  :  the  8on  of  Anchisee. 
being  drawn  into  vcry  fine  threads,  or  wire.  825.  Laudibus  :  in  the  aensoof  rirf 

819.  T^wffi  vita  mirMa^  &c.     Dr.  Trapp  ob-  Rueeus  says,  meritis, 

serves,  that  cvery  ijicident  in  the  death  of  826.    Indolt :    disposition — excellt 

Lausus  is  well  chosen,  especially  the  con-  character. 

trast  betwccn  so  pious  a  son,  and  so  wicked  828.  Remitto :  in  the  «ense  of  rcddo 

1  father;    betwecn    the   rash   valor  of  the  ra:  care — solicitude  of  thine. 

yc  .th,  and  thc  gcncrous  care  and  friendly  831.  Ipmm:  Lausus.                 . 

admonition  of  his  heroic  enemy.    Pallas  had  832.  Genilor:  the  father  of  Laual 

fallcn  by  thc  hand  of  Turnus.     Lausus  and  834.  Siecabai :  staunched  his  woudc 

Pallas  were  of  equal  valor ;  but  thero  is  a  watcr — washcd  them  with  water,  wl« 

wide  diSercnce  between   the  conduct  and  in^r  cold,  stopped  the  fiowing  of  the 

bravcry  of  their  conquerors.     Tunius  eager-  Rueeus  says,  tergebat:  rinsed— clcanae 

ly  seeks   thc   combat,  and   challcnges  the  Trapp   takes  sieeabai    in   the   same 

youthful  warrior.    He  evon  wishes  his  father  Lymphis :  in  the  senso  of  aqua^ 

wero  prescnt,  to  behold  the  death  of  his  Bon.  835.    Procul :    apart  by    themseh 

iEneas   is   far   from    secking  Lausus,   and  some  distance  from  him.    This  word  c 

sinsrling  him  out  as  Ihe  object  of  his  ven-  implies  distance,  but  that  distance  n 

geanc»       And  evcn  when  he  ezposed  him-  very  small.     Jteclinia :   leaning  agal 

self  for  »!ie  sake  of  his  father,  he  begged  upon.     It  agrees  with  Mezentius. 

him  to  rctirc  froiii  thc  combat,  assuring  hini  837.    ^ger:    faint   with    loes  of 

thnt   his   tcnderucss   for   his   father    would  Foret :  eases — supports.     Rueus  sav 

bring  on  hiin  siire  destruction.     Nor  does  tentat.     He  leaned  his  head  fbrwan 

he  attack  hiin  until  he  is  compelled  to  do  it  his  breast,  spreading  hia  long  beard  < 

ia  liis  own  dcfencc.     And  afler  he  is  slain,  Fuswi:  in  the  seitBe  oT  fundent :  or,  i 

tlie  virtor  fetchc!*  a  deep  groan,  looks  upon  be  taken  as  a  Grocism.     Rueua  wm 

liim  witli  an  eyc  of  pity,  and  the  image  of  ponens, 

bii«  niial  picty  toiKiies  his  generous  hcart.  841.  Super  amui :  upoo  liis  shit-Jd. 

830.  M<i*in :  sad — moumful.     Concessii  844.  Deformai:  he  throw*  dust  iqi 

In  tiit*  •onao  of  atnit»  head.     Caniiitm:  hts  boarv  hatfa. 


JSNEIS.    LIB.  X  M7 

^^  c«eluiii  ten^t  pahnas,  et  corpore  inlneret:  845     845.  Inhsret  oorpors 

l^^nta-ne  me  tenok  nvendi,  nate,  volaptas,  J^** 

J^  pro  me  hoslili  paterer  succedere  dextne,  847.   Ut  paterer    tu 
Wn«m  gcnui  ?  tua-ne  haec^genitor  per  vulnera  Berror,       V^^  g^^i  «iccedore 

Morte  tuA  vivens  ?  Heu !  nunc  misero  mihi  demum  ^'^^«'^''^r^'*'  "*' 

^J^Uum  infelix !  nunc  ahe  vulnus  adactum  !  860    ^J^!  ^Num    deimiiii 

A^^^Qri  ego,  nate,  tuum  maculavi  crimine  nomen,  ezilium  ut  infeUz  miki 

f^Jl^^s  o^  invidiam  solio  sceptriaque  patemis.  misero 

^^^Hieram  patrice  poenas,  odiisqne  meorum  :  853.  Meonim  ntkdU 

jj!*^nes  per  mortes  animara  sontem  ipse  dedissem  !  864  iorum 
^^tx^  vivo !  neque  adhuc  homines  lucemque  relinquo ! 

linqoam.     Simul  haec  dicens,  attollit  in  legnmi 

-^    femur :  et,  quanquam  vis  alto  vulnere  tardat,  867.   Quanqaam   vui 

S^fcUd  dejectus  equum  duci  jubet.     Hoc  decus  iUi,  f»^  '*  »*^  ^™»* 

^oc  solamen  erat :  beilis  Mc  victor  abibat  *^*'  ^ 

^^^nibus.     AHoquitur  mcerentem,  et  talibtts  infit :  860    860.M<Brenteme9tiiim, 

^  ^JlOfbe,  diu  ;  res  si  qua  diu  mortalibus  ulla  est ;  •*  ^^  talibui  verUr 
^tomus.     Aut  hodie  victor  spoHa  illa  cruenta, 
^«1  caput  iEne89  referes,  Lausique  dolomm 

Vltor  eris  mecum :  aut,  aperit  si  nulla  viam  vis,  884.  Aperit  mt^' viam 

^)ccumbes  pariter  :  neque  enim,  fortissime,  credo  ^^^  "^JIJ^i**^^  te 

Jussa  aliena  pati,  et  dominos  dignabere  Teucros.  ^„  \^^l  cr^^O 

Ilixit :  et  exceptus  tergo  consueta  locavit  fortinime  eqtiorumt  «1 

^    Membra  ;  manusque  ambas  jaculis  oneravit  acutis ;  tu  dignabere  pati 

iEre  caput  fulgens,  crist&que  hirsutus  equinft.  887.   Conflueta    kme 
>-  l$k  cursum  in  medios  rap»dus  dedit.     ^stuat^ingens        ^^ 

L'     Imo  iii  corde  pudor,'mixtoque  inaania  luctu,  871 

NOTES. 

848.  Foluptas :  in  the  16080  of  aqndo,  awakened  to  a  Mnse  of  hia  crimes,  and  eoB' 

847.  Sueeedere :  to  substitute  bimeelf  for  demne  hinuelf  for  them.    Servius,  however, 

"^,  BM  to  the  arm  of  the  enemj — to  come  op  prefenthelattereense;  DavidBon  the  forroer. 

-    to,  Icc  Ruanu  aaya,  propter  meam  eupiditatem. 

9       848.  Qiifm  genui:  whom  I  begat.    Thie  853.  Potnoi:   Batisfaction — atonement.— 

.  ■■eech  of  Mezentiua  over  the  dead  body  of  Dediuem:  to  the  reeentment  of  my  peopleii 

it  >  hu  son  is  extremely  pathetic.    He  now  seee  I  should  have  given  up  my  guilty  life. 

tlie  errors  of  his  former  conduct,  and  the  856.  fSSHgrum:  in  the  sense  of  saucium, 

-^    mislery  to   which  he  had  reduced  himself  857.  Vit :  the  violence  of  the  pain  from 

now  stares  him  m  the  face..  the  wound  he  had  received. 

850.  Infelix :  in  the  sense  of  durum^  vel  858.  Hoe :  this ;  to  wit,  his  horse. 
mioierabile,    While  his  son  was  living,  he  859.  H6e:  here,  is  in  the  abl.  with  tJus 
•onld  bear  up  under  the  burden  of  exile  from  horse.    Equo  is  understood. 

bis  country  and  throne;  but  now  he  is  no  860.  Mosrentem :   sorrowing — grieving.— 

nore,  it  is  become  insupportable  to  him,  Meutum^  says  Rucbus.    Davidson  renders  il 

redaced  to  a  state  of  wretcheoness  and  de-  *^  sympathizing.'' 

^MLir.   The  wouod  (thesense  of  his  wicked-  861.  Rhxebe^  diu  viximut:  such  apostro- 

noM  and  crimes)  is  now  opened  deep  aiid  phes,both  totheanimaland  vegetableworld. 

afivah.    Adactum:  is  driven  deep  into  my  sofar  from  being  unnatural,  are  among  the 

heart.    E$t :  is  understood.  ffreatest  beauties  of  poetry,  and  always  show 

851.  Idem  ego :  I,  the  same  father  who  high  emotion  of  souL  Had  the  poct  maof 
bogat  you,  and  suflTered  you  to  lose  your  life  the  horse  reply  to  his  master,  he  could  not 
Ibr  him,  have  tamished  yoiu'  good  name  by  so  easily  be  justified.  This  is  in  imitation 
aiy  crimos.  of  Homer. 

858.  Incidiam.    This  may  signify  his  own  863.  Referes :  yon  shall  bear  away. 

invidtous  mcasores,  and  cruel  andtyrannical  867.  Exeeptun :  being  received  by  the  ani- 

government ;  or  tho  odium  and  resentment  mal  upon  his  back,  he  placed. 

of  his  •ubjecis  against  him,  which  drove  him  868.  Omavit :  in  the  seuse  of  armannt» 

from  his  throne,  and  brought  upon  him  a  869.  CriM^  equina :  a  crest  of  horse  hair 

train  of  evils.     The  former  is  the  most  in  -^made  of  horse  hair. 

^      accordance  with  Vhe  context,  since  he  is  now  871.  Imo,    In  many  of  thn  ancient  copie» 


«H»  P-  VIHQIUI  MARONIS 

Et  fbriis  agitatus  amor,  et  conicia  ▼irtni 
Atque  hic  iEneam  magn^  ter  Toce  vocant. 
iEneas  agnovit  eum^  laetusque  precatur : 

875.  Faciat,  «1  #u  in-  Sic  pater  ilie  Detim  faciat,  sic  altus  ApoUo, 
^V^  (ncipias  conferre  manum. 

877.   ^neat    eflktt»  Tantum  efiatus,  et  infesti  subit  obvius  basti. 
^Ji^^^I^        Mi     ir    ^^^®  autem :  Quid  me  erepto,  sevissime,  nato 

tenlu»  ait!*™  '^®"^^  '  ^®^  ^^*  ^^  ^"^^  ^"^  perdere  posses. 

Nec  mortem  horremus,  nec  Divhm  parcimus  uUi : 

Desine.     Jam  venio  moriturus;  et  hec  tibi  porlo 

Dona  prius.     Diiut :  telumque  intorsit  in  hostem 

Inde  ahud  super  atque  aliud  figitque^  volatque 

884.  Uinbo  ^nm  stifl-  Ingenti  gyro  :  sed  sustinet  aureus  umbo. 

nnot  iUa.  fer  circilun  adstantem  leevos  equitavit  in  orbes, 

885.  Circum  ^nean  rp^,^  ^^^^^  jaciens  :  ter  secum  Troius  heros 

Adstanteni  ^  .       •  /•    .  .         •  i 

88^.Iniinanem«ylvim  Immanem  BBrato  cutjumfert  tegmme  sylvam. 
iaetiiorum  if\fixam  erato  Inde  ubi  tot  trazisse  moras,  tot  spicula  tsdet 

888.   Toidet  JEneam  Vellere  ;  et  urgetur  pugnA  congressus  iniquA : 
traxine   tot   moras,   ei  Multa  movens  animo,  jam  tandem  erumpit,  et  inli 
vellere  tot  spicula  i  cl^f^  Bellatoris  equi  cava  tempora  conjicit  hastam. 
^  Tollit  se  arrectum  quadrupes,  et  calcibus  auias 

Verberat,  effusumque  equitem  super  ipse  secutui 

NOTES. 

wtuch  Pieriiu  coneulted,  he  foond  uno  eordt :  about  to  the  left,  that  he  might  n 

in  one  and  tlie  same  breast.    Heyne  reade  rieht  ■tde  of  Mnws^  which  was  noC 

uno.    The  common  roading  i»  imo,  Insania  :  ed  by  his  shield ;  and  in  thia  waj  h 

rage — iury.  quite  about,  forming  an  orb,  or  cird 

872.  tlt  furiis.     This  verse  is  wanting  in  A^neas  wheeled  at  the  same  time,  i 

the    ancient    Ronian   inanuscript.      Heyne  the  Bame  relative  situation  to  his  an! 

niarks  it  as  an  interpolation.  as  appears  from  the  nezt  verse :  ter 

876.  Cojiferre  manum :  to  ongage  with  me,  thrice  tlie  Trojan  hero,  &c. 

hand  to  hand.    This  addrees  of  iEncas  to  the  887.    Tepnine  :   in  the   sense  ol 

(Tod»  iH  a  tinc  contrast  to  the  impiety  of  Me-  Jmmancm  sylvam :  this  mcans  the  t\ 

zentiuB,  whu  acknowledgcs  no  otiier  deity  darts,    which     Mezentius    had    thl 

than  his  own  arin  :  verso  773,  supra.     The  ^ncas,  and  which  stuck  in  hisbrazc 

prayerisshort,  but  the  approach  of  a  furious  These  he  carried  around  with  hi 

enemy  would  not  perniit  him  to  say  more.  turncd,  following  his   antagonist. 

877.  Subit :  in  tlie  sense  of  occurrii.  says,  magnum  numerum  jacuiorum, 

878.  Quid  me  ierres^  Sic.     Mezcntius  see-  888.    Traxisse  iot  moras:    to  m 
ing  ifilncas  coniing  up  against  him  with  his  much  time. 

hostile   spcar,  instcad   of  discovering  any         889.  Congressus:   bcing  engagei 

signs  of  fear,  appears  harden^d  against  the  equal  fight.     Mezentius  being  on  h< 

terrors  of  deaUi,  since  his  son,  for  whose  and  JGneas  on  foot,  they  wcro  not 

sake   hc  Hvcd,  was  now  taken  from  him,  terms. 
nato  ei  pto.  890.  Movens :  in  the  sense  of  re» 

880.  Parcimiu  ulli :  Ruieus  says,  reverc'        892.  CaltHtus.     Caices  hero  doubl 

mur  nlium  numen:  I  do  not  rogard  any  of  be  taken  for  tho  fore  feet.     The  ho 

the  goHn.     Sonie  take  parco  in  its  usual  ac-  ed,  or  lifted  himself  upon  his  hind 

ce|>tatiun,  and  understand  by  it  that  Mezen-  in  that  positiun  buffetted  the  air.    . 

tius  would  noi  have  spared  the  gods  them-  rilnis  pediims^  says  Heyne. 
t^Jves,  had  they  appeared  in  the  field  against         893.  Ipse  secuius :    by   the    reai 

hini :  hc  lookcd  on  thcm  as  his  enemies,  and  kicking  of  his  horae,  Mezentins  wa 

would  have  discharged   his  wrath   against  {effusum)  to  the  grouud.     Tho  ho 

them.     Heync  takcs  pareimus  in  the  sense  sclf'  soon  following,   falls    apon  I 

of  ruro — vereor  vel  metuo,  (equitejn^  and  lays  upon  his  should 

883.  Super.     This  word  here  is  used  in  was  thus  prostrate.     By  these  meaa 

tbe  senso  of  insuper^  vel  prceierea.     Figit :  unable  to  rise  to  meet  His  foe^  or  dfJ 

in  tho  sense  of  jaeit^  yel  toniueif  self  in  any  manner.     For  meuim 

885.  EquUavH  in  lieoM  or6et :   he  rode  says,  eadenM. 


JRNBI8.    UB.  Z 


6W 


An4icat,  ejectoque  ineiimbii  cermiin  armo. 
'g^ttanore  incpndniit  ccclutn  Tro^!<rqu6  Latinique. 
JLdvolat  ^'Encas,  vagin&que  eripit  ensem  : 
Sl  super  haec  :   Ubi  nunc  Mezentius  acer,  et  illa 
wflbra  vis  animi  ?     Contrii  Tyrrhenus,  ut  auras 
SkiBpiciens  hausit  coelum,  mentemque  recepit : 

Nrtis  amare,  quid  increpitas,  mortemque  minaris  ? 
lUum  in  c«ede  nefa»,  nec  sic  ad  praelia  veni ; 
tecum  meus  haec  pepigit  mihi  foedera  Lausus. 
[mnn  hoc^  per,  si  qua  est  victis  venia  hostibus,  oro ; 
\m  humo  patiare  tegi.     Scio  acerba  meorum 
iumstare  odia  :  hunc,  oro,  defende  furorero, 
me  consortem  nati  concede  sepukhro. 
loquitur,  juguloque  haud  inscius  accipit  ensem, 
yadantique  animam  difiimdit  in  arma  cruore. 

NOTES. 


894.  Implieftt  Mntr^ 
gf)5  tutm  equitem 

897.  Et  tiant  raper 
eum  dixit  bec:  Ubi  tsi 
nimo 

900 

901.  l!«inuilam D«lkji 

in  mea  ceue ;  neo  «c  v«»- 

ni  ad  pneiia,  ut  iHirttret 

miki 

903.  Per  vemam^  m 
905  quA  Tonia  ett  victie  h9«- 
tibue,  u/  /u  patiare  meuM^ 
corpoe 

906.  Concede  me  cm* 
oonsortem 


Implicai :   incumbere — presies  him 

Cemuut:   Rueue  «aye,  pihnut  in 

referring  to  the  horse. 

^'898.    Vit:    yiolence — impetuosity.     Ut: 

Mm — as  soon  as.     Rueus  says,  potiquam, 

889.  Suepieien*  aiwat  hoMtii,   These  words 

|n  capable  of  a  two-fold  yersion :  as  soon 

|i  looking  up,  he  saw  the  light;  taking 

in  the  sense  of  iueem^  and  supplying 

rnrd  ecuiit,    This  Heyne  prefers.     Or, 

as  looking  up,  he  drew  in  his  breath ; 

aelum  in  tbe  sense  of  tpirilum,    This 

sense  of  Ruieus  and  Dayidson.    ^u» 

Iht  prep.  ad^  is  understood. 

Pepigit  Kve :    agreed    upon  these 
witb  you  for  me.     Venia :  a  fkvor. 

Meontm :  of  my  former  subjects. 

Defende  hune:  avert,  or  forbid  the 
ice  of  their  furious  resentment   Ru- 
•ays,  eontine. 
'908.  Conetde:  grant — ^permit.    Mezentius 
to  be  buried  in  the  same  grave  with 
Hm  «00.    This  he  begged  as  a  iavor,  not 


that  ho  could  claim  it  as  a  riffht  Ai  ther 
had  not  been  separated  in  lite,  ho  wished 
not  to  be  in  deatn.  It  may  here  be  remark- 
ed,  that  how  wicked  soever  a  person  may 
have  been  in  life,  at  the  hour  of  his  death, 
he  eamestly  desires  the  reward  of  virtue, 
and  that  in  tho  future  life,  he  may  be  a  par- 
taker  with  the  righteous. 

908.  Diffundtt:  pours  out  his  life.  Uh- 
danti  eruore :  the  blood  flowing,  or  gcshing 
upon  his  armor. 

It  may  be  remarked  here,  that  the  poet 
differs  widely  from  the  current  of  historians. 
They  saVf  that  in  a  war  which  broke  out  bo- 
tween  the  Latins  and  Tuscans,  over  whom' 
Mezentius  was  king,  that  iEneas  wjm  slair» 
bv  him  in  a  battle,  fought  on  the  banks  of 
the  river  Numicus,  whose  waters  carried  hi.'« 
dead  bodv  into  the  sea,  wbere  it  was  never 
aflerwards  found.  Hence  it  was  believod 
that  he  was  taken  to  ^eaven  and  made  a 
demi-god.  This  took  place  about  three 
years  after  the  building  of  the  city  Lartm- 
um,    See  iEn.  iv.  615. 


QUESTIONS. 


-  How  does  this  book  open  ? 

Where  was  this  council  held  ? 

What  is  the  conclusion  of  their  delibera- 


Were  there  any  speeches  made  npon  the 


on  r 

What  b  the  subject  of  the  speeeh  of  Ve- 

« 

Whftt  ts  the  characler  of  it.* 
What  is  tlie  nature  of  Juno*t  ivpljf 
Whst  is  the  character  of  it  f 
What  is  the  decision  of  Jore? 
>Whom  does  the  poet  here  imiMt? 
What  book  of  the  Iliid? 
Where  is  mount  Olympos? 
Why  wan  it  takcn  by  the  poeti  Ibr  btaTtn? 
Why  is  it  hcre  called  ommp9tem9 


Where  was  Aneaa  during  the  transaetioiis 
of  the  precoding  book  f 

Having  effected  his  objoct,  does  he  maka 
any  fu/tber  delay .' 

What  part  of*^  his  allies  di  i  he  send  by 
land> 

By  whom  is  he  mot  on  his  way  down  the 
Tiber? 

Who  was  the  chief  speaker  ammig  tkoet 
njrmphs? 

Did  she  give  him  any  partieular  infacBi*» 
tion? 

Wbat  was  that  information  ? 

How  was  Tumos  •ngaged  m  tlt»  tamm 
tiiiie? 

On  the  arrival  of  AnMi,  what  ooane  did 
Tomosadopl? 


P.  VIRGILU  MARONI8 

Woiild  thii  gnt  him  an;  idTantage  over 
the  rneniT.' 

llow  did  JEntf  Bffoct  ■  luidine?  nnuiiier.' 

[tito  i.ow  niaoj  diTiuona  nere  hjs  troop*  Wbat  elfecTt  hid  thoir  UEault  □pog 

Brnuiged?  Whom  of  them  did  he  kill? 

Waa  aiiy  loas  ■uatniiied  in  landing^  Dara  Bnj  of  Ihcm  cnga^  him  ) 

Wlio   cainmandod    Ihat   diviaion    of  the  buid? 

flool .'  DoBi  he  finall;  put  Ihem  ill  to  Uj 

IM  Tunius  eScctuallf  prcvent  the  luid-  Al    Ihis   time,   how    ■taiid«    tha  i 

illg  i>l'£iieas.'  ticlory  f 

VVtiat  look  place  aner  Ihe  liuiding?  j£neu    obBerred    Meientiiu    Ao 

IVItat  r-^al»  of  valor  did  j£neiu  performf  through  the  Ihickeil  of  tiie  cnemy, 

Who  wu  ihH  dnt  ktlled  by  him  !  whole  «quadrolu  to  flighl :  ind  whi 

Wlial  loak  piace  in  the  wing  coininanilod  reaolvo  to  do^ 

by  Pallu !  Is  Mezentitu  leedy  lo  meet  him  * 

Wliy  were  the  Arcwlians  beaten  by  Iho  Who  commenree  the  ansau!!? 

Latina !  Did  hli  (peir  hit  £netj  > 

Whal  «■■IhenBluieaflhegTOund.wherD  Wliom  did  it  kill? 

Ibey  WBTB  engagi^d  ?  Wlio  wu  Ihis  AnlotM.'  Wuhei 

(Jpon  tJiii  occciuion.  what  did  Pallu  da.'  ohampiun? 

Wliat   elTect  had   hii   iddreita  upun   his  Had  tho  spoar  of  £ncfts  anj  eSi 

Iroopa!  Mezentiu»? 

Whal  feaU  of  valar  did  he  ihen  perlorm  ^  Wu  tha  wound  mortal  ? 

Wham  did  he  kill !  Who  ■uccon  him  in  Uiis  critical  ■ 

Who  coinmanded  tha  troopi  oppoaed  to  llow  does  Lauaiu  meel  the  foe  ? 

Pullu?  What  elfecl  bad  tbe  Eigbt  of  bi 

Who  wuLaufus?  £neu? 

Whal  feats  of  Talor  did  he  perform  f  Does  he  make  an  address  to  him 

Whnt  H-ere  Ihe  agea  of  Ihene  joan^  com-  la  it  ■  aoarce  of  regret  to  hiin,  I 

Diniideni !  nohle  ■  youth  ? 

Wiy  did  nol  the  poot  mako  them  enga^  What  becomea  of  his  fatfaer  in  I 

-mcUothor?  time? 

Ily  whnin  were  thoy  slain?  Doea  he  HipiUR  aiij  concem  ■ 

In  whBl  pioui  duty  did  L^usua  meet  his  son? 
d«alH? 
•  AneithedeathofFallu.whattookplace? 

Who  wai  the  principal  ogenl  in  eOecling  rogalution  dues  he  lakc  ? 

ihix  drfsat  of  the  TTojani'  Hivjng  arnved  on  the  ficld  of  ba' 

Al  tliiB  criais,  what  did  £neu  do  to  re-  he  chiLllenge  Ihe  foc? 

itore  Ihe  light  ?  Is  JEneaa  ready  lo  meel  him  ? 

Why  doe»  ho  go  in  »e«rch  of  Tutnus?  Who  commonced  the  iight.' 

By  whom  are  Ihe  TroJBii»  enabled  to  per-  What  offcct  bad  his  daj^  upon  I 

form  Euch  reals  of  vJlor?  goniat? 

Whal  did  Juno  do  in  the  mean  lims?  Where  did  £neu  diiect  hii  dan 

Whm  cRrcthad  hcrspaech  upnn  Jove?  Did  he  kill  the  failhrul  co\iiscr? 

DuesnhogiveanyasKiBtaiicelothcLntini?  What  offocl  had  the  paiu  uf  th 

WliKl  Iheu   is   bIio    permittod    to    do   for  upunhim? 

Turnu^?  Did  be  throwhis  riaerr  And  irfa 

Huw  doea  sho  cifect  Ihal  objecl?  do  nflerweidij  ? 

Wbeio  daee  Bho  conduct  bim?  Did  £nou  kill  Meientius  in  tJ 

Wlieii  he  discovered  tbe  dcception,  what  lion  ? 

cSecl  had  il  upon  him  !  Wu  this  a  fair  txial  of  ■tieneth 

Wlialdidhedo?  leiity? 

Whal  u  aa  tbe  chBiactei  of  that  addresii  ?  Drtl  Mcienttus  beg  any  faTor  of  tl 

1s  lio  in  snT  way  thankful  foi  tho  favt»  of  Whal  wu  that  favor  ? 

Jiino?  DooB  Ibe  poel  here  BgTce  irith  b 

If  he  must  die,  wboie  did   ho   desire   lo  in  Ihia  psilicDlar? 

doit?  Do  they  infonn  us  that  Meinil 

Who   prevented  him  from  killing  himielf  >lain  by  lEncanf 

In  this  itiite  of  distiBction  ?  Wbo  tben  wu  Ihe  vicloi  In  Ihe 

tVhitbor  wu  ho   finaJIy   cairied   by   Uis  Wbere  was  Ihe  battle  fought? 

wind"?  How  long  ailer  hi«  settlemeol 

Who  aucueeded  Tumus  in  the  comaittid  ?  ind  Ilia  building  of  Lacintumf 

^hal  roatsof  vala-  did  he  psrform?  What  becune  of  ihe  hody  i>f  £ 


LIBER  UNDECI1IIU8* 


Fbm  death  of  Mexentius  turned  the  ■oale  of  Tictory  in  favor  of  the  Trojuifl,  aAd  their 
alliea. 

rhU  book  opens  with  preparatione  for  buiying  the  dead,  and  performing  the  funeral  ritee 
to  Pallas.  A  thouaand  men  accompany  hie  corpee  to  the  citj  of  Evander  in  elow  ana 
■olemn  proceeeion. 

In  the  mean  tiine,  ambanadors  arrive  from  Latinue,  praying  for  a  truce,  for  the  purpoee 
of  burying  their  dead.    iflneae  grants  their  requeet. 

Wki!e  theee  things  are  going  on  in  the  field,  fear  and  alarm  pervade  the  city  of  Latinua. 
Here  Turnus  had  arrived.  Drancet,  an  aged  and  influential  couneellor,  accuees  him 
of  being  the  cause  of  the  war,  and  the  anthor  of  their  calamitiee ;  and  urffee  him  to 
decide  Uie  dispute  bj  single  combat.  Tumue  however  haa  many  frienda,  who  recount 
hie  noble  deeds  of  valor.  At  thie  juncture,  the  ambaMadon,  who  had  been  eent  to  the 
conrt  of  Diomede  (Lib.  8.)  retumed.  Latinua  calls  a  council  of  all  his  lenators  and 
Boblee  to  receive  the  reply,  and  to  coneult  upon  the  preeent  itate  of  affura.  Venulua, 
the  ehief  of  the  embaaiy,  eives  a  full  account  of  the  miesion ;  of  his  reception  by  Dio- 
mede ;  of  the  opinion  of  uat  monarch  conceraing  the  war,  and  the  reason  of  hia  do- 
elining  any  interference  in  it.  Latinua  gives  his  opinion  in  finvor  of  peace,  and  propoeet 
to  eend  ambassadore  with  rich  preeents  to  iEneas,  bearing  proposals  of  peace  and  amity. 
Drances  follows  in  a  speech  of  much  virulence  and  invective  against  Tumus,  accusins 
him  of  flight  and  cowardice,  and  proposed,  if  he  were  the  mighty  champion  he  claimed 
to  be,  that  he  should  decide  the  dispute  by  single  combat  with  iGneas,  and  prevent 
Ibrther  effusion  of  blood. 

Tvnnis  replies  in  a  manly  strain :  he  repeli  the  charge  of  cowardice  by  adverting  to  hii 
Booie  achievements.  to  tiic  thousands  whom  he  had  slain,  and  to  the  dismay  which  ha 
had  occasioned  tn  the  whole  Trojan  camp.  He  endeavors  to  allay  their  fears,  and  to 
iQSDure  uiem  wiih  the  -nope  of  success.  He  recounts  the  valor  of  hia  troops ;  he  men« 
tions  the  cause  in  whicli  they  were  engaged — the  cause  of  their  country :  nor  does  he 
CMnit  to  mention  the  number,  and  fidelity  of  his  allies.  He  concludes  by  observing,  that 
he  would  not  decline  to  meet  the  conqueror,  if  the  common  good  required  it ;  nor  had 
he  been  so  much  abandoned  by  victory,  as  to  refiise  an  enterprise  of  so  gloripusprospect, 
•ven  thousfh  his  enemy  snould  prove  himself  a  great  Achiliea.  The  whole  of  Turaus* 
ppeech  bespeaks  the  soldier  and  the  hero. 

A  ineeaenger  now  arrives  inTorming  of  the  approach  of  the  Trojans.  The  council  dfai- 
BOlves.  A11  prepare  to  defend  the  citv.  Turous  gives  commands  to  several  of  his  oflicers, 
•nns  himself,  and  appears  at  the  head  of  his  troops.  Here  he  has  an  interview  with 
Camilla.  He  confers  on  her  the  chief  command  of  the  horse,  nssisted  by  Messapus, 
with  direction  to  engage  the  Tuscan  cavalry  in  close  fight,  while  he,  with  a  chosen  hody 
<»f  troops,  would  lie  in  ambush  in  a  woody  vale,  through  which,  according  to  his  iufor- 
mation,  iflneas  would,  with  the  main  body  of  his  army,  advance  upon  the  city. 

Xhe  Tuscan  horse  in  the  mean  time  spproach  the  city,  and  the  embattled  squadrons  ore 
•rranged  in  order  of  battle  in  front  of  each  other.  The  Trojans  commence  the  attack 
and  repulse  the  Latins,  who  rally,  and  in  tum  drive  th%Trojans.  At  length  a  most 
deaperate  conflict  takes  place.  Camilla  displayed  distinguished  skill  and  valor.  She 
rode  anionff  tho  thickes .  combatants,  and  whole  squadrons  fled  before  her.  Tarchon 
rallies  his  flyiug  Tnscans,  and  ronews  fhe  fight.  Camilla  is  at  last  slain  bv  Aruns;  who 
«leo  loees  Iuk  lifa.  Tlie  'rrojanii  gmin  a  victory.  The  expiring  queen  send»  a  messenger 
fo  inform  Turaus  of  the  nvont  o^  liic  routes*..  Hc  instanUy  leaves  liis  retreat,  and 
roarches  into  the  plain.  No  sooncr  had  Iie  dono  this,  tuan  £neas,  with  his  army.  entered 
thc  defile,  liassed  it,  and  reached  the  piam. 

The  batile  woold  have  been  renewed  oetween  the  rival  princes,  but  night  approached 
Bolh  armies  encamp  in  sight  of  each  other,  and  wmlt  the  coming  daj. 


582  P.  VIRGILn    MARCmrS 

OCEANUM  intereii  surgenB  Aaroni  reBquii 
t,  Aneu,  Tictor  toU  iEneas,  quanquam  et  sociis  dare  tempua  homandis 
^•bftt  vou  Deam  primo  PraBcipitant  curoB,  turbataque  funere  mena  est, 
E60.  quanquam  Vota  Deiim  primo  victor  solvebat  Eoo. 

Tngentem  quercum  decisis  undique  ramis 
Constituit  tumulo,  fuigentiaque  induit  anna^ 
7.Qfiorfera/tropheum  Mezenti  ducis  exuvias ;  tibi,  magne,  tropheom, 
tibu  O  maipie  Beilipotens :  aptat  rorantes  sanguine  cristas, 

Telaque  trunca  viri,  et  bis  sex  thoraca  petitum 
Perfottnunque  locis :  cljrpeiuaqiiie  es  ere  shiistre 
Subligat,  atque  ensem  collo  suspendit  ebumum. 
Tum  socios,  namque  omnis  eum  stipata  tegebat 
Turba  ducum,  sic  incipiens  hortatur  ovantes : 

14.  O  viri,  mazima  Maxima  res  eifecta,  viri  :  timor  omnis  abesto. 
^  ^'^  Quod  superest :  haec  sunt  spolia,  et  de  regu  8up«d 

16.  Mesentiuf  eatut  Primitioe  :  manibusque  meis  Mezentius  hie  est 
^  Nunc  iter  ad  regem  nobis  murosque  Latinos.       ^ 

Anna  parate,  animis  et  spe  praesumife  beUom : 

19  Ne  quft  mora  im-  Ne  qua  mora  ignaros,  ubi  primitan  veUere  signa 
p«£av  vot  ignaroe,  een-  Annuerint  Superi,  pubemque  educere  castris, 

IS*iSto ^f "ri^^"  Impediat,  segnesque  metu  sententia  tardet. 
*       ^  Interek  socios  inhumataque  corpora*  terre 

Mandemus :  qui  sohis  honos  Acheronte  sub  iino  < 
Ite,  ait :  egregias  animas,  quae  sanguine  nobia 
Hanc  patriam  peper^re  suo,  decorate  supremis 
Muneribus :  mosstamque  Evandri  primua  ad  uiIn 
Mittatur  Pallas,  quem  non  virtutis  egentem 
Abstulit  atra  dies,  et  funere  mersit  acerbo. 
Sic  ait  illachrymans,  recipitque  ad  limina  gresi 

NOTES. 

3.  Funere :  at  the  doath  of  Pallas.  hung  around  with  his  arms.    HU 

4.  Primo  E'6o,     Eous  hero  is  takcn  as  a  "  Mezcntiu»  slam  by  mj  hand. 
lubfitantive :    with  tKe  first  dawning  light.         ^6-  PrtmUta:  the  first  fruila;  p 
The  firet  buainess  of  the  pious  ^neas  is  to  po8»tion  with  hac  tpolta,     The»e  M 
retum  thanks  to  the  gods  for  his  viclory,  dedicated  to  MarB,  the  warnor  go 
tlthough  he  wished  to  peribrm  tho  last  offi-  ^^^^  manner  aa  the  first  fruite  of 
ces  to  liis  friends  a^d  companions  in  arms,  ^®''®  offered  to  the  goda. 

and  especially  to  Pallas.  18.  Pr(Mumt/«:    anUcipate.     B 

^    rr>        1  j      rr.1--      thc  scnse  of  pugnam, 

6.  Twnulo :   on  a  rismcr  ground.     This         ,«    ftl         •Zr'.—    c         •         u 

trooHv  was  consecrated  to  Mars,  the  trod  of    j  •!..*,      ^w^i. 

-    •  ,,           .  ,    .     p       .       u     r       *  gods  permit  ua,  «c,     They  neirer 

w.r.     It    co..«.ted   of  a  trunk   of  a  tree  *u„J       the  stuidud.  to  marcl 

pkced  .n  the  ground,  yv.th  .te  brancheB  cut  g^^^  coniultmg  the  godfc 

Dtl,  and  dressed  m  shmm?  armor,  the  spoils  «t     o     1     *•     —  Z.              1  *• 

.         .    X     ,.  V*        ♦•        ...K  ^  •.            •  21.  Sententta  metu:  resolution- 

(exumas)  ot    Mczentius,  whom  il   was  m-  ^     _       •  j  u    r«-        r«u 

}        j   /                  .       14    u  j   u-  accompanied  by  lear.     The  eama 

tiBGed    lo  represent.      It    had  his   wavmfir  j     ;• 

11         .14          r     .j'  tententta, 

pmmcs,  his  broast-plate,  pertoratea  m  seve-  00    /^    •  i          .^1  .      t*          *u 

11          i  •    I             u-  ij  u       j  •    u^   1  n  23.  Qm  honot  toltu.     It  was  tn 

ral  places,  his  brazen  shield  bound  to  his  Iclt  ^^:„;^„  ^u,.  «u^.^  ^u^  ^^^  „^v« 

^jv-          ujij          j             jj  opmion,  tnat  tnoae  wno  were  unbu 

im,  and  h.s  ivory  handled  sword  .uspended  /^^        ;  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^  g         .^^  , 

from  his  neck.  e  ^^,  ^^^^^  ^^  ^^  y^^^^^^  ^^,  ^^ 

8.  Roranlet:  besmearod  with  blood—  lution  of  a  hundred  year» ;  whicJ 
dripping  with  blood.  shade  or  umbra,  roamed  at  lai^ 

9.  Petitum  :  struck,  or  hit.  banks,  in  anxious  expectation  of  th 

15.  H(Ec  sttnt  tpolia.  By  Xhe  rex  tuperbut  ed  period.  See  JEn,  yi.  3^  1 
here,  some  understand  Turnus :  from  him  he  Aeheronte.  Acheron  here  is  uaed : 
had  won  the  spoils  in  general,  to  which  he  gions  below,  in  general. 

fint  points  ;  then  to  the  trophy  representing        2S.Peperire :  gotten — obtained- 
Meientiufl,  wbich  he  had  ^ual  erected,  and        29.    keeipiique   greanm.     Th 


JENm.    LCB.  XI  A8» 

is  ubi  ox»niroi  positum  Pallantifl  AccetOB  90 

>at  «mnior,  qui  Parrnasio  Evandro 

:er  ant^  fuit;  sed  non  felicibus  equd  St.  Sed  tam  ibat  qq. 

:omes  auspiciis  charo  datus  ibat  alumno.  "®*  ^***"  charo  aiuniiMi 

n  omnis  famuiaroque  manua,  Trojanaque  turba,       ''^S^Tmni.qua  mAu, 
jstum  lliadeB  cnnem  de  more  soluta}.  36  j^  ^fa^  cireim 

icrd  iEneas  foribua  seae  intulit  altia ;  3S.     Solutv     fuaad 

em  gemitum  tunsis  ad  sidera  toUunt  maMtnm  ciintm 

ribus,  mcestoque  immugit  regia  hictu. 
aput  nivei  fultum  Palkntia  et  oi»    . 
it,  lcvique  patens  in  pectore  vulnua  40 

Jis  Ausonie,  lachrymis  ita  fiitur  oboitis  : 
,  inquit  miaerande  puer,  cibB  leta  venirel, 
fortuna  mihi  ?  ne  regna  videres 
I.  neque  ad  sedes  victor  veherere  palemas  T 
Bc  £vandro  de  te  promissa  parenti  45 

Tens  dedetam  ;  cikm  roe  coroplexus  euntem 
et  in  magnura  imperium ;  metuensque  moneret 
esse  viros,  cum  dur4  prsBlia  gente.  48.  Monerot  wte  Isah* 

ic  ilie  quidem  spe  multihn  captua  inani^  ^^lv^  "SL^^*''**  ^ 

t  vota  fiicit,  cumulatque  altaria  donis.  60  ^™**  ••••  "••*•  ^**"* 

ivenem  exanimum,  et  nil  jam  coBleatibus  ollie 

tem,  vano  niceeti  comitamur  bonore. 

,  nati  funus  crudele  videbis ! 

itri  reditua,  expectatique  tiiumphi !  54.  UisHninoatnyhh 

lea  magna  fidea  !  At  non^  Evandre,  pudendii     65  "***^  reditu« 

ibus  pulsum  aspicies :  nec  sospite  dirum 

NOTEfl? 

«•com  of  layin;  oot  tke  dead  in  tht  wHh  whieh  Toniiu  killed  the  noble  jrouth  t 

le,  or  entnnce  l>efore  the  door,  after  here  ealled  ^uioman^  or  Italian, 

rMfaod,  anointed,  and  crowned  with  42.  Jfondit-ne  firtuma :  did  fortone,  wheo 

s.    In  such  a  pleoe  wu  the  dead  she  came  propitioos,  (teta,)  envy  thee  to  me, 

*  P&llas  laid  out,  aad  watohed  by  hie  O  lamented  youth  ? 

end  Acostos.  44.  Veherert :  in  the  eenee  of  reduieereru, 

^arrhano.     Evander  ie  called   Par-  47.  /n  iii^timtiR|»erttim.' againsta  pow. 

,  from  Parrhatias  a  countiy,  and  aleo  «rful  empire.    Or  it  may  mean,  m  prospect 

>f  Arcadia,  where  he  wa#  born.  o^ *  mighty  empire.    The  former  beet  agroM 

^  ,.  *  .« '.      n  j.  .       with  what  foUows.  Rueua flaya.  tn  mimttMi 

^,ome9  :  ruardian,  or  tutor.    Dahu :     . .^  „.  —u:«i.  UfK-  .I^...  ^^ 

.         ^  ^  tnyerttm  Einueorum :  wbicn  m  tiie  sense  oi 

f.   ,           ,         rp.    ^    .  u Valpy.    Heyne  refen  it  to  Laiium^  to  tho 

Itade»  mastum.   The  poet  here  repre-  „^„lL„,^/^f  ^y^i^^  JR^^^m  ^^,  ^h^nt  f^ 
le 
»8e 

ore  tj.ld  u^  iEn.  ix.  216,'that  iEneae  50.  /W. :  m  the  eenee  of /or/«,.. 

m  all  m  Sicily,  except  the  mother  of  ^  ^^            ^     ''commenUtoi. 

i.     ServiU8underBtand8/«naie*to^  ^nd^^tand  by  thi.,  hia  being  no  lon^  a 

place.     But  they  are  never  ciUled  ,„i,j,et  of  thejode  abore,  but  in  thel^wei 

The   poet  would  have    probably,  ^f  ihe  god.  below.     But  it  may  moa^iha:! 

the  passa^,  had  he  lived  to  put  the  ^^  ^J  ^^^  diecharged  from^veiy  toh 

.d  lo  the  iEneid.  ^^^^  ^^  ^^  ^^^  ^  ^^  celettia!  gode- 

/ivei  Pallanli».     The  epitheft  nioeui  that  he  would  never  rotum  to  perform  any 

ly  refer  to  the  fairnew  of  hit  ikoe  he  had  made  himeelf,  or  which  ht>  fiithar 

ntenance  while  living;  or  morepro-  wa»  makinf  for  bim.     Vana:  unavailiDg. 

3  hifl  countenance  now  whiU,  «nd  /ntf/t/t,  raye  Ruvui.  Alltheir  *omp(AoiiMv> 

d  rold  in  death.     FuUum :  aiipport^  ^nd  parade  were  of  no  avaU  to  him.    ••The 

«(fred  11 1>.                     ^  living  are  subjeet  to  the  goda  above,  th» 

^Hsptftis.    Cu^pis  k  here  takea  for  dead  to  thoeo  Mow  :**  Valpy. 

de  speaa  by  synee.    ItbthoepW  66.  Puimmt    hi    tho  mam  oC 


j           j          rnu    ^^*  u^^  -^ ▼•*py.     neyne  reiera  n  w  x^furam,  w  wm 

^  m^tum.  The  poet  here  r.pi«.  g^^tV  wWoh  Mm^  wm  about  to 

Troian  m.tron.  .tandwc  uoimd  «^^      ,  "J     ^   ^  ,5j  „f  g^^j^  ^„ 

,  of  Palla.,  m  monrning  atUr.^  H.  ^    „,.««».  th.  R^  and  LaHni. 


.^^  P.  VlRGILn  HARONIS 

Optabis  nato  funus  pater.    Hei  mihi !  qaaiilaB 
68.  3\i,  O  Aoaonia,  Prssidium,  Ausonia,  et  quantum  tu  perdiB,  liile! 
perdU,  in  PaUante  Haec  ubi  deflevit,  tolli  miserabile  corpus 

Imperat ;  et  toto  lectos  ex  agmine  mittit 
'  Mille  viros,  qui  supremum  comitentur  honorem, 

62.  QiMB  tunt  exigaa  Intersintque  patris  lachrymis :  solatia  luctfts 
*<'l^tia  Exigua  ingentis,  misero  sed  debita  patri. 

64.  Alii  haad  f^ea  Haud  segnes  alii  crates  et  molle  feretnim 
tnxwnt  craioa  Arbuteis  texunt  virgis,  et  vimine  quemo, 

^  Extructosque  toros  obtentu  frondis  inumbnuot 

Hic  juvenem  agresti  sublimem  in  stramine  ponifll 
68.    Talem^    qualein  Qualem  virgineo  demessum  poUice  florem 
rtorem  »eu  mollia  viol»,  g^u  mollis  violae,  seu  languentia  hyacinthi ; 

thl  d^^ewum      ^^"  ^"^  "®^"®  ^"^^^'  *^*^"^'  necdum  sua  forroa  ntm 

Non  jam  mater  alit  tellus,  viresque  ministrat 

Tum  geminas  vestes,  auroque  ostroque  rigentM 

Extulit  ^neas :  quas  illi  Ista  laborum 

Ipsa  suis  quondam  manibus  Sidonia  Dido 

^o    r^  Fecerat,  et  tenui  telas  discreverat  auro. 

76.  Qtton  sapremam  tt  •         •  *      i.       — .— 

77.  ^^erdque    vette  Harum  unam  juveni,  supremum  mcBstus  nonorea 

fuati    amictu    obnabit  Induit,  arsurasqiie  comas  obnubit  amictu. 
comas  Multaque  prsterek  Laurentis  prsemia  pugne 

81.  Manus      eorum^  Aggerat,  et  longo  prsedam  jubet  ordine  duci. 
^Xr^TjL'"^  Addit  equos  et  tela,  quibus  spoliavenit  hoeten.. 
i^  Vmxerat  et  post  terga  manus,  quos  mitteret  uml 

82.  Flammam  rogi      Inferias,  csso  sparsuros  sanguine  flammam ; 

NOTES. 

Though  it  would  be  a  source  of  grief  to  see  67.  Stramme  agretti,     By  thia  i 

his  8on  a  corpse ;  it  would  nevertheless  be  understand  the  bed  mentioned  in 

some  mitigation  of  that  sorrow,  to  find  that  ceding  line.    It  is  called  agresti,  run 

he  fell  not  by  dishonorable  wounds — that  he  tic,  because  it  was  madeof  Uie  grei 

fell  facing  his  enemy,  aiid  not  in  flight.     It  of  trees,  leaves,  &c.     Stramen^  fm 

was  corisidered  diHgraceful  to  be  slain,  or  to  properly    signifies    any    thing    pl 

receivc  a  wound  in  the  back.     Pudendis :  in  strewed   under  as  a  bed ;    such  ( 

the  scnse  of  indecoris.  leaves,  &c. 

57.  J^ec  paler  optabis :     These  words  are  68.  Q^ualem  Jlorem :    This  is  a 

hUMCcptible  of  adouble  meaning  :  the  father  eimile.      He  looks  fair,  and  stiU 

will  not  imprecate  a  cruel  death  to  himself,  like  a  flower,  just  plucked  by  tbi 

in  consequence  of  the  disgrace  of  his  son  :  gin^s  hand.' 

or,  he  will  not  imprecate  a  cruel  dcath  upon  69.  Languentis,      Thia   very  b 

his  8on,  whose  life  had  been  disgracefully  represents   the   hyacinth,    just  al 

preservod.  Ttiis  lastis  the  sense  givon  to  the  plucked,  beginning  to  fade,  and 

uassago  by  Davidson.     Ruoeus  says,  nee  op'  head. 

labis  tibi  morlem  acerbam^  JUio  turpiter  salvoy  70.  Forma:  beauty— <^melixiefl 

taken  it  in  the  former  sense.     This  is  also  74.  ^uas  Sidonva  Dido  zpsa  i  } 

the  opinion  of  Heyne.  donian  Dido  berself,  pleaaed  with 

5H.  Prctsidium:  protection.  had  made,  &c. 

59.  Ubi  dejitvit :     when    he    said    these  T5.  Discreoerat,    RusBue  eays,  4 

thines  weeping — having  spoken  these  things  Tenui  auro  :  with  a  slender  threai 

with  tcars.  77.  Obnubit :  he  binds  up,  or  T 

6^.  Intersint :  may  be  present  at,  or  bear  78.  Pugnte :   of  the  battle,  foi 

a  part  with.                                               ^  the  plains  of  Laurenium* 

64.  Sesnes:  in  the  sense  of  tardi.  81.  yinxernt  manus:  he  bound 

65.  Jirbuleis :  of  the  arbute  tree.  of  those,  &c.     This  barbaroua  a 

66.  Toros :  here  is  the  bed  raised,  or  made  poet  takes  from  Homer.  It  mi^ 
high  upon  the  fevetrum^  or  bier.  Obtentu  temper  of  Achilles,  but  doea  not  i 
froTuiis.     RuEBUs  says,  umbraculo  /oliorum,  that  of  JEnevfl. 

Thcy  shaded  the  bed  byspreading  (obtentu)         82.  Caso :  in  the  Benseor/VMO. 
leafy  branches  over  it.  sacriBces  for   the   dead.     Umbrk 


iENEIS.    UB.  XI.  S85 

dotnsque  jubet  truncos  hostilibus  armis 

809  ferre  duces,  inimicaque  nomina  fi^.  84.  Fifi  hu  tnmeit 

ticitur  infelix  »vo  confec^us  Acoetes,  86  «''*•"«'"• 

ictora  nunc  fcedana  pugnis,  nunc  unguibus  ora : 

srnitur  et  toto  projectus  corpore  terr». 

icunt  et  Rutulo  perfusos  sanguine  currus. 

st  bellator  equiis,  positis  insignibus,  iEthon 

achrymans,  guttisque  humectat  grandibus  ora.  90 

stam  alii  galeamque  ferunt ;  nam  caetera  Tumus 

rtor  habet.     Tum  ma^sta  phalanx,  Teucrique  Boquun- 

rrhenique  duces,  et.versis  Arcades  armis.  [tur, 

stquam  omnis  longe  comitum  processerat  ordo, 

bstitit  i£neas,  gemituque  haec  addidit  alto  :  95 

w  alias  hinc  ad  lachrymas  eadem  horrida  belli 

ita  vocant.     Salve  a^temum  mihi,  maxime  Palla, 

Iter^uinque  vale.     Nec  plura  effatus,  ad  altos 

sndebat  muros,  gressumque  in  castra  ferebat. 

Jam()ue  oratores  aderant  ex  urbe  Latina,  100 

ilati  raniis  olese,  veniamque  rogantes,  103.  Ui  iiU  reddem 

irpora,  per  campos  ferro  quae  fusa  jacebant,  ^^  corpora,  qan 

>ddcret,  ac  tumulo  sineret  succedere  teme  :  ^i^^r*!*  Jr!,.«*;-'*I5 

....  ,  certamen  cum  viotiat  ot 

illuiii  cum  victiB  certamen,  et  «there  cassis  ;  ^^  caMiB  ethere,  ul  par- 

rceret  hospitibus  quondam,  socerisque  vocatis.        106  oeret  m 

NOTE& 

de  of  Pallae.    Eight  priBonera  were  eent  being  laid  adde,   he   b   now   dreeeed   in 

rictims  to  be  offbred  at  the  funeral  pile  of  mouming.    Phi :  behind. 

lae.     The   poet  mentiomf  thia  circum-  90.  It  laehrynatu:  he  movee  on  weepme. 

ice,  without  anj  expression  of  disappro-  Virgril  here  ie  indebted  to  Homer  for  thi« 

ion.     It  is  true,  Achilles,  in  the  Iliad,  thouffht,  Iliad.  17.     Where  the  horaee  of 

e  the  same  thing  at  the  tomb  of  his  friend  AchiTlea  are  represented  as  wceping  at  the 

roclus;  but  he  is  represented  asaperson  death  of  thoir  mikster,  and  obstinately  re- 

%  ¥ery  different  character  from  iEneas,  fusing  to  obey  their  drivor.     Both  AristoUe 

hero  of  the  i^neid.     And  moreover,  the  and  Pliny  say,  that  horses  oflen  lament  their 

I  which  he  had  suslained  was  more  se-  masters  slain  in  battle,  and  even  shed  tears 

B,   and   his   grief  moro   poignanL     But  over  them. 

ve  all,  he  lived  in  a  state  of  society  verv  94.  Proeesserat,  This  is  the  comnion  read- 

erent  froni  that  in  which  Virgil  lived.  ing.     Davidson  reads  prtBeesterat^  upoo  the 

»se  thingH  ^erve  in  some  measure  to  miti-  authorityof  Pierius,who  assures  us  he  foaad 

B  the  onormity  of  the  deed.    And  yet  that  readinr  in  the  Roman,  and  other  manu- 

re  is  one  passage  of  Homer,  whieh  Eu-  ecripts,  which  he  consulted.    Heyne  leads 

hius  understanda  as  conveying  a  strong  proeesterai,     Ordo:  the  procession. 

^ure  of  the  barbarous  act.  96.  M  aiiat  laehrywtat :  to  other  seeaes 

''he  practice  of  sacrificing  prisoners  at  of  sorrow — to  the  burial  of  i^e  other  dead. 

funerals  of  their  generals,  in  process  of  97.  Saive  mihi,    This  is  after  the  manner 

e,  appoared  to  the   Romans  barbarois  of  the  Greeks,  who  osod  their  personal  pro- 

cniel.     They  therefore  changed  it,  says  noun   in  the  same  manner.     Sal»e    vale : 

vius,  for  the  milder  shows  of  tbe  gladia-  these  were  the  navittima  verba^  or  last  words, 

i!     Sce  /f^n.  x.  518.  et  teq,  with  which  they  departed  from  the  fUneraL 

3.  Tninros :  trunlts  of trees.    These  were  Fareweliftr  ever^/dreteeil/or  ever,  mott  iiiut» 
■idercd  tho  Iops  trophy,  and  were  carried  iriout  Pailat.    fiua :  state — condition. 
the  hand.     They   were  droased  in  the  101.  F^emam:  the  &vor,  that  he  woiUd 
ilii  ol  the  cnemy.  restore  to  them,  J^c 

4.  irimica  nomina:  the  namee  of  the  102.  Futa:  inthesenseof  eaia  velflrate. 
mics  to  be  inscribed  upon  them.  103.  Stteeedere  tttmulo :  to  be  buriedi  or 
7.  Slernitur  terrm :  be  grovels,  or  roUs    interred  in  the  earth. 

the  ground.  104.   Cattit:  deprived  of:  a  part.  froin 

9.    ^thon :   the  name  of  the  iMm  of    earea,    JEihere:  iii  the  seaa.  of  luee. 

las.     Jntignibut  potiiit:  hia  trappiBgi        106.  QnMufaii.*  H*     Vnte.   koa^    tffand. 


53«  P.  VmOlLU  MilRONIS 

106.  QuM  precantes  Quos  bonus  iEneas,  haud  aspernanda  precantei, 
tMqam  nmi  h«ii4  Prosequitur  veni&,  el  verbis  h»c  insuper  addh 

Qusnam  vos  tanto  fortuna  indigna,  Latini, 
109.  Fm,  qui  fugiatit  Implicuit  bello,  qui  nos  fuj^atis  amicoa  ? 
Boc  Pacem  me  exanimis,  et  Martis  sorte  peremptia 

111.  Concedere /lacem  Oratis  ?  eqnidem  et  vivis  concedere  veUem. 

*^  Tir^T  '  I       '  •  ^^  yeniy  nibi  &ta  locum  sedemque  dediasent ; 

112.Necvem/tur,nitt  ^^^  ^^^j^^  ^^^  ^^^^^  ^^      j^^^  ^^^^  ^^ 

Hospitia,  et  Turni  potiiis  se  credidit  armia. 
iEquii^s  huic  Tumum  flierat  se  opponere  morti 

116,   Si  iile  apparat  si  bellum  finire  manu,  si  pellere  TVUcros 
™^®  Apparat,  his  decuit  mecum  concurrere  telis  : 

VixSt,  cui  vitam  I>eus  aut  sua  dextra  dediaaet 
Nunc  ite,  et  miseris  supponite  civibus  ignem. 
Dixerat  JSneas.     Olli  obstupuere  silentes ; 
Conversique  oculos  inter  se  atque  ora  tenebant. 
Tum  senior,  semperque  odiis  et  crimine  Drances 
Infensus  juveni  Turno,  sic  ore  vicissim 
Orsa  refert :  O  faniA  ingens,  ingentior  armis, 
Vir  Trojane,  quibus  coelo  te  laudibus  aequem  ? 
Juslitise-ne  prid»  mirer,  belii-ne  laborum  ? 

IfT,  H*c  tua  verba     Nos  verd  haec  patriam  grati  referemus  ad  orbem 

£t  te,  si  qua  viam  dederit  fortuna,  Latino 

1S9.  ./llia  foedera        Jungemus  regi :  quaerat  sibi  foedera  Tumus. 

130.  Quin  juvabit  noi,  Quin  et  fatales  murorum  attollere  moles, 
^  Saxaqne  subvectare  humeris  Trojana  juvabit. 

Dixerat  haec  :  unoque  omnes  eadem  ore  (remebai 
Bis  senos  pepigSre  dies ;  et,  pace  8eque8tr&, 

NOTES. 

SoctiHa :  parents-in-law,  Latinm  and  Ama-  ing  the  war  by  sin^Ie  combat  waa 

ta.    By  marrying  Lavinia,  he  would  become  iBneas. 

rclaled  to  llie  wliole  Latin  nation.  122.  Odiit  et :  in  hatred  and  crL 

107.  Prnsp.quitnr  venid  :  he  followe,  or  inimical,  &c.  DranccB  embraced  e 
acroinpanics  theni  with  the  desired  favor.  portunity  to  vent  hie  envy  and  hatrw 
He  granted  their  request  as  soon  as  asked.  Turnus^andto  throw  upon  hiro  aJItl 
It  was  reasonalile  in  its  nature,  and  conso-  of  the  war.  It  is  Bupposed,  that  v 
nant  witli  the  laws  of  war.  character   of   Drances,    the    poet 

109.  fmpUcuil:  hath  cntangled — involvcd.     Cicero,  who  waa  no  fricmd  of  Vir| 

110.  Pacem.mc.     This  is  the  reading  of    infra^  S36.  et  teq, 

Heyne,  and  Valpy  after  him.     Some  ancient         124.  Orsa :  in  the  eense  of  verbm, 
copies  have  the  same.     The  common  read-         126.    Justitiot-ne  :    this    ie  the 

ing  \a  parcm-ne.     Peremptis :  for  those  slain  reading.     Catrou  however  reads, /i 

by  the  lot  of  war.     Martit :  for  6c//i.  priits  mirer^  belli-ne  labori^  whicll 

112.  Vcni:  in  the  sense  of  venissem.  says,  is  the  reading  of  the  Romaa 
115.    »'^quius  fucrat :  it  had  been  more  some  other  manuscripta  of  antiquit 

just  that  Turnus,  &c.     It  may  aere  be  ro-  viusjustifiesthecommon  rcading,b] 

markcd,  that  Latinus  did  not  take  part  with  it  a  Grecism.    Prius:  chicfly,  or  moi 

Turnus  of  his  own  free  will  and  accord;  but  I  most  adraire  thy  justice,  or  thy 

was  forced  into  it  by  the  importunities  of  mentsinwar.^     Ruajus  says :   ^dm 

his  wiie  Amata.     Hc  was  convinced  that  he  ob  jmtitiam^   an  ob   opera    belltca» 

acted  ajrainst  the  will  and  purposes  of  the  rcads,  as  in  the  tezt. 
god««,  in  Ho  doiMg.  130.  Moles  murorttm :  yoor  walll 

117     .^jtparat :    in  the  sense  of  staluit.  towers  and  fortifications  built  upo 

Mann  :  by  force,  or  valor.  Fatales  :  destined  by  the  fate«. 

IIH.   yixct :  by  syncope,  for  rwrwf /  .*  tho         133.   Sequestra:    intervening — i* 

one  of  iis  would  have  lived,  to  whom,  &c.  ate.     They  had   agreed   upon   a  I 

It  aopoarH  hcre  that  tlie  first  proposal  of  end-  cessation  of  hostilitics  for  twalve  i 


i 


Mwv.  Lia  n 


140 


yl?as  Teucii,  miztiqoe  impund  Latini« 

'^re  jugia.     Ferro  sonat  alta  bipennl 

nus :  evertunt  actas  ad  sidera  pipus : 

ra  nec  cuneis,  et  dentem  scindere  cedrum, 

>lau8tris  cesaant  vectare  gementibus  omos. 

jam  &ma  volans,  tanti  prsnuntia  luctiis, 

irum  Evandrique  domos  et  mcpnia  complet ; 

mod6  victorem  Latio  Pallanta  feiebat 

les  ad  portas  rudre,  et  de  more  vetusto 

reas  rapu^re  fiices ;  lucet  via  longo 

e  Hammarum,  et  btd  discriminat  agroa. 

•k  turba  Phrygum  veniens  plangentia  jungunt 

na.     Que  postquam  matres  succedere  tectis 

unt,  moDstam  incendunt  clamoribus  urbeoi. 

>n  Evandrum  potis  est  vis  ulla  tenere ; 

enit  in  medios.     Feretro  Pallanta  rep6sto 

imbit  super,  atque  hieret  lacbrymaosque  geraensque : 


135     13&.  f^mjiigis 

137.  Neo  oesnnt 
dere 


141.  EmitmjQma^  qMi 
modo  ferebat  Latio  Pal- 
lanta  efte  victorem 


146 


146.     Qu0    ogmmM 
poetqaam  matree 


I  vix  tandem.  voci  laxata  dolore  est : 
laec,  6  Palla,  dederas  promissa  parenti, 
us  ut  ssBVO  velles  te  ciedere  Marti  i 

ignarus  eram,  quantum  nova  gloria  in  armis, 
aeduice  decus  primo  certamine  posset.  166 

tiae  juvenis  misene  \  bellique  propinqui 
rudimenta  !  et  nulli  exaAdita  Deorum 

preccsque  meae !  tuque,  6  sanctissima  coi^ux, 

morte  tu&,  neque  in  hunc  servata  dolorem ! 

•k  ego  vivendo  vici  mea  ftta,  superstes  160 

rem  ut  genitor.     TroClm  socia  arma  secutum 

3rent  Rutuli  telis  !  animam  ipse  dedisaem ; 

3  hsec  pompa  domum  me,  non  Pallanta,  referret ! 

'06  arguerim,  Teucri,  nec  foedera,  nec  quaa 


151      151.  Prc  dolore 


156.  Omieera  pfim^ 
tia  JaTenie 


161.  Ut  ego  gesitor 
reetarem  ■aperetee  ySlt«. 
RutuJi  obmerent 


NOTES 


rpose  of  burying  the  dead,  and  other 
n  sepulture.  Thie  waa  intermediato 
*Ti  the  war,  before  and  afler;  during 
time  no  act  of  hostility  could  be  done 
ler  party.  Hence  the  propricty  of  the 
Impuni  in  the  foUowing  line,  in  safety, 
lout  fear  of  injury. 

Ftrro  bipenni:  an  axe  with  two 
one  that  cuts  both  wayi. 

^ctas :  raised — grown  up  to. 

Pnznuntia:  a  forerunner,  or  har* 
,  in  appoRition  with /ama. 

CompUt,  Thii  is  the  common  read- 
But  Pierius  observee  that  moet  of  the 
t  inanuscripts  have  replet, 

Lojigo  ordine:  in  a  long  train,  or 
s'on.     Ruieu3  says,  hngn  nerie. 

Discriminal,  Thie  word  Rueae  in- 
s  by  dividit.  Davideon  renders  it 
Hnates." 

Conira:  in  an  oppoflite  dlrectioB— 
I?  tho  jiiourncr»  from  the  city. 

Incnidunt :  in  the  sense  of  roncttonil 
<  ««>'"'.  cnmmovenL 

Putis  fsi:  the  same  ZMpatiML 


149.  JUpdsio:  fbrrqM»n/e.  Thcbierbeiiif 
placed  on  the  ground. 

151.  Thndem  vix  dohre  via.  At  the  firsl 
eight  of  the  corpee,  he  was  overwhelmed 
with  grief,  which  entirely  preventcd  his 
speech.  At  length,  however,  recovering 
from  it,  he  fives  utterance  to  the  effusions 
of  his  beart,  bnt  with  difficulty.  A  true 
pathos  penrades  this  whole  speech  of  Evan- 
der.  Tbe  various  tums  of  passion,  and  the 
altemate  addreseee  to  the  living  and  the 
dead,  are  the  very  language  of  sorrom. 

155.  Deeut:  in  the  sense  of  Aenor.  PouH 
in  the  eense  of  valerei, 

156.  Primtfue.*  beginningn — essay».   Pro 
pinqui:  neighboring — confederatcd,  or  al* 
ued.    Ev&nder  assistcd  Aneas  as  an  a?]y : 
their  arms  were  associated  in  the  war.    Rii- 
0us  says,  vtctnt. 

157.  Rudiaimia:  in  tbe  eeneo  of  esjperi^ 
menta. 

160.  Ego  vici  mea  fata :  I  havn  overcwjna 
tay  tirae  by  living — I  have  ouilived  my  tiiua* 
Or,  fata  may  mean  the  piirposes  aad  de^ 
creep  of  the  gode ;  tbat  regular  and  cfdiaan 


F.  mOILn  MAS0NI8 

Junximus  hospitio,  dextras :  son  ista  senectft 
Debita  erat  noatne !  Qu6d  ai  immatuTa  manetiat 
Mors  natum  ;  ciesp  Volscorum  millibus  ant^, 
Ducentem  in  Latium  Teucros,  cecidisse  juvabit 
Quin  ego  non  alio  digner  te  funere,  Palla, 
Quim  pius  iEneas,  et  quim  magni  Phryges^et  quli 
171.  Dignaii  iuni  ie.  Tyrrhenique  duces,  Tyrrheniim  exercitus  omnis. 

IBi  fenint  ma|i^a  tro*  Magna  trophsea  ferunt,  quos  dat  tua  dextera  leto. 

fhsa  er  iUis^  quot  fp^  quoque  nunc  stares  immanis  truncus  in  arauBt 

174.  Si  esset  mihi  p&r  Esset  par  aetas,  et  idem  si  robur  ab  annis, 

•ta^  et  idem  robur  ab  Tume.     Sed  infelix  Teucros  quid  demoror  annb! 

Mrna^  teeum ;    tu,    o  y^^^^^  ^^  ^^  memores  regi  mandaU  referte : 

176.  FeMiro  regi :   O  Qu6d  vitam  moror  invisam,  Pallante  perempto, 
jEnea^  tua    dextra  eit  Dextera  causa  tua  est ;  Tumum  natoque  patriqoe 
eauta,  qu6d  Quam  debere  vides  meritis.     Vacat  hic  tibi  solus 

179.   Quam   dexiram  Fortunaeque  locus.     Non  vit«  gaudia  qusro, 
^  i?i   N-n  *.#  fkm .  mJi  Ncc  Gu  i  sod  uato  Manes  perferre  sub  imoe. 
eupio  perferreAiincnim-      Aurora  mterea  misens  mortalibus  almam 
iium  moriit  Tumi  Extulerat  lucem,  referens  opera  atque  labores. 

Jam  pater  JSneas,  jam  curvo  in  litore  Tarcbon 
Constitu^re  pyras  :  huc  corpora  quisque  suorum 
More  tulere  patrum :  subjectisque  ignibus  atria 
Conditur  in  tenebras  altum  caligine  ccelum. 
Ter  circum  accensos,  cincti  iulgentibus^^Lrmis, 
189.    Rogoe    guarum  Decurr^re  rogos :  ter  moestum  funeiis  ignem 
•****"*^  Lustrav^re  in  equis,  uluiatusque  ore  ded^. 

Spargitur  et  tellus  lachrymis,  sparguntur  et  aima. 
It  coelo  clamorque  viri^m,  clangorque  tubanun. 
195.  Par.   ,^y^.^^  Hinc  aHi  spolia  occisis  direpU  Latinis 
mortuis    nota    munera,  Conjiciunt  igni,  galeas,  ensesque  decoros, 
Mmpe^  clypeoe  Frsenaque,  ferveiitesque  rotas  :  pars,  munera  nota^ 

NOTES. 

course  of  things,  which  takes  place  in  the  trophy  to  grace  his  triuxnph.     See  6. 

world:  which  is,  that  the  son  should  outiive  175.  Armii:  in  the  sense  of  ab  beh 

thefather.  This  is  the  sense  given  by  Heyne.  179.  Qtiam  :  which  (right  hand)  j< 

Valpy  saye,  ^^  I  have  survived  my  owu  fate  owos  Tubiius  to  tlie  son  and  father  ( 

— I   have  ezceeded  the  natural  bounds  of  ing  it,     Meritis:  a  part.  plu.  agreein] 

life."  the  nouns  nato  and  patri,     Heyne  cc 

165.  Sors:  calamity.  meritis  with  vacat.     Rusue  and  Dai 

168.  Juvabit:  it  will  conaole  me  that  he  "viih  nato  patrique, 

fell  lcading,  or  preparing  the  way  for,  the         180.  Hic  locus  vaeat:  this  method 

Trojans,  &c.  remaina  to  thee,  and  thy  fortune, 

169.  Digntr  non:   I  cannot  honor  thee,  solandi  me  restat  tibt^  says  Ruieus.    ] 
&c.     Rueeus  says,  non  honorabo,  eat^  Heyne  says  relietus  est. 

170.  Phri/ges:  the  Trojans.  They  are  so  187.  Caligine:  inthe  sense  of/fAio. 
called  from  Phrygia,  a  country  of  tlie  losser  nebras.  Ruaeus  says,  in  nmilitiuiinem 
Asia.  1t  was  divided  into  the  greater  and  189.  Cincti:  clad  in  shining  arnM 
the  less.  Tlie  less  Phrygia  was  also  called  marchcd,  &c.  Lustravtre  in  equit 
Troas,  tlie  aucicnt  kingdom  of  the  Trojans.  rode  around.     The  former  has  referc 

174.  Par  atas^  &c.      This  may  rcfer  to  that  part  of  the  ceremony  performed 

Pallas  or  Evander ;    neither  of  whom  was  infantry,   or  foot ;    tlie  lattcr,  to  thl 

able  by  inequality  of  age  and  strength  to  formed  by  the  horse,  or  cavalry.    Pk 

mcet  Turnus.      Davidson  refers  it  to   the  in  the  sense  of  pyrte, 

father:  who,  had  his  age  permitted,  would  192.  //  ccdo:  in  the  eense  of  toOi 

have  gone  to  the  war  in  person.    And  in  ecelum. 

thie  case,  had    he    met  Turnus,  he   would  193.  Hine:  in  the  next  place— aA 

luivo  bettn  victoriouB,  and  brou|^ht  back  his  195.  Fervenies :  in  the  aense  of  n 


J 


JENEIS.    LIB.  lEL 


599 


t06 


»rum  clypeos^  et  non  felicia  tela. 
Hulta  boum  cird,  mactantur  corpora  morti : 
Betigerosque  sues,  raptasque  ex  omnibus  agria 
'fi  flammam  jugulant  pecudes.     Tum  iitore  toto 
Ardcntes  spectant  socios,  semiustaque  servant 
Bueta :  neque  avelli  possunt,  nox  humida  donec 
Invertit  coelum  stellis  fulgentibus  aptum. 

Nec  miniis  et  miseri  diversi  in  parte  Latini 
Innumeras  8trux6re  pyras ;  et  corpora  partim 
Multa  viriim  teme  infodiunt ;  avectaque  partim 
Knitimos  tollunt  in  agros,  uHi>ique  remittunt : 
Cetera,  confusseque  ingentem  caedis  acervum, 
Nec  numero,  nec  honore  cremant.     Tunc  undique  vasti 
Certatim  crebris  collucent  ignibus  agri. 
Terda  lux  gelidam  coelo  dimoverat  umbram  : 
Mcerentes  altum  cinerem  et  confiisa  ruebant 
Ossa  focis,  tepidoque  onerabant  aggere  teme. 

Jam  ver6  in  tectis,  pnedivitis  lu^be  Latini, 
Pnecipuus  fragor,  et  long^  pars  maxima  lucti^s. 
Hic  matres,  miseneque  nurus,  hic  chara  flororum 
'Peotora  mcerentiim,  puerique  parentibus  orbi, 
Dirum  execrantur  bellum,  Turnique  hymeneos : 
Ipsum  armis,  ipsiimque  jubent  decemere  ferro ; 
Qui  regnum  Italiae,  et  primos  sibi  poscat  honores. 
Ingravat  haec  saevus  Drances ;  solumque  vocari 
Testatur,  solum  poeci  in  certamina,  Tumum. 
Multa  simul  coutri  variis  sententia  dictis 
Pro  Tumo ;  et  magnum  reginae  nomen  obumbrat : 
Multa  vimm  meritis  sustentat  fitma  trophaeis. 

NOTE8. 


210      SIO.  Umbrem    nociis 
ocbIo:  UH  moDrentM 


214.  Erai  prmcijmm 


215 


S18.    Jubent    ipsiun 
deeemere  armii 


220 


2SS.  ContriL  ejf  molla 
Mntentia 


Tol  eeUret,  Jfoia  munera :  offeringB  of  the 
srmt  which  had  been  theirs,  and  consequent- 
Ijr  known  to  thero. 

196.  JVbn  /elieia:  unsucceraful  dart»— 
thoee  that  failed  to  do  execution,  wben 
thrown  against  the  enemy. 

197.  Morii  :  to  the  divinity  Mor$. 

199.  Jugulani :  they  kill  over  the  flame, 
iec.  This  they  did,  probably,  that  the  blood 
of  the  victiro  might  tall  upon  the  pile. 

801 .  Butta,  Butium  properly  is  the  fune- 
ral  pile  after  it  is  consumed.  Semiutia  :  of 
•emt  and  uttut. 

204.  Pariim infoditmt.  The  meaning  \m: 
that  they  buried  a  part  of  the  alain,  and  a 
paxt  they  eent  to  the  city  of  Latinui.  Por- 
Hm  roay  be  conridered  here,  a  sub.  in  appo- 
■ition  with  multa  cerpora.  VirCan:  of  their 
heroea.  Aveeta  :  a  part.  of  the  verb  aveher : 
earried  away. 

208.  Jfumera,     JTumerut   here    may  be 
taken  in  ite  Uf  ual  acceptation ;  but  it  may 
ncy,  or  reffard.   They  bumed 
confuaed  neap  of  alam,  with* 
ular  marki  of  regard,  or  ho- 
fof  diitinction. 
ani.     The  meaning  ie:  that 


they  coHected  together  the  aihei  and  the 
bonei  minffled  on  the  placei  (Jbeis)  whenr 
the  funerai  pilei  had  been  erected.  Afler 
this  they  covered  them  with  a  mound  of 
earth.  Mum  impliei  that  the  ajihee  iay 
thick,  or  deep  upon  the  ground.  Rueua 
wM,j»^evertebani.  Hejne  wmjb^  legebant.  Ruo^ 
ii  here  taken  ai  an  active  verb. 

513.  /n  teetit  urbe :  in  the  houses  through- 
out  the  city.  Davidion  lays,  ^  in  the  courta 
of  Latinui,  and  in  the  dty." 

514.  Fragor:  in  the  lense  of  planger. 
Pneeipuut :   in  the  lenae  of  magnut^  ¥ei 


de< 


also  mean 
all  the  rest, 
out  any  pi 
nor,  by  way^ 
tll.  Ri 


S15.  Jfurut.  JCurut  here  may  mean  any 
young  married  woman.  Chara  peetora 
mearenitim  :  dear  hearti  of  listcn  mouming 
— dear,  or  affectionate  sisters  mouming  the 
losi  of  their  brothen  and  friends. 

S18.  Deeemere:  to  decide,  or  settle  tha 
dispute  by  the  sword. 

220.  Stevui :  in  the  sense  of  aeerbut^  layi 
Runui. 

221.  T^ttatur:  In  the  lense  of  dieii, 

222.  Muiia:  varioue— manifold. 

223.  Obumbrai:  in  the  ifmse  of  protegii 
vel  iuUUur, 

ftU.  JiMia  famm.    Jfiifta  hero  is  plaiiil/ 


t 
/ 

r 

t 


»40 


P.  VUttflLU  MASLiMJB 


Hoa  inter  motus,  medio  flagnuUe  tttDuiltiit  flK 

Ecce  super  rooBsti  magni  DtomediB  ab  urbe 
197.  Aiuni  niliil  €ts€  Legati  respoosa  ferunt :  nihil  omnibus  acUun 
*^'^<^  .     Tantorum  impensis  operum ;  nil  dona,  neque  aunBHi 

«28.    Dona    vaiuuH  jj^  magnas  valuisae  preces ;  alia  arma  Latinis 

^  Qusrenda,  aut  pacem  Trojano  ab  rege  petendam.     £30 

Deficit  ingenti  luctu  rex  ipae  Latinus. 
Fatalem  iEnean  manilesto  numine  ferri 
«33.  Recenteaqae  ta-  Admonet  ira  Deiim,  tumulique  ante  ora  reoentea. 
moii  ante  ora  admoiuHi  £ig5  concilium  magnum,  primoeque  suorum 

Imperio  accitos,  alta  intra  iimioa  cogiL  SK 

OIU  conven^,  fluuntque  ad  regia  plenis 
Tecta  viis.     Sedet  in  mediia,  et  maximtts  aevo, 
Et  primus  sceptris,  haud  leti  fironte^  Latinue. 
Atque  hic  legatos  MxoHl  ez  urbe  remisaoe, 
QusB  referant,  &ri  jubet ;  et  responsa  repoecit  M 

«41.  Silenti&fvctanml  Ordine  cuncta  suo.     Tum  ^cta  silentia  linguis, 
«4«.  Pareni  dicto  Iro*  Et  Venulus  dicto  parens  ita  &rier  infit : 
^  Vidimus,  6  cives,  Diomedem  Argivaque  caatrm , 

Atque  iter  emensi  casus  superavimus  onines  : 
«46     Dietam  eonio-  Contigimusque  manum,  qu&  concidit  Uia  tellus.         ,S4ft 
mine  Ille  urbem  Argyripam,  patrias  ccgnomine  gentis» 

NOTES. 

in  ibe  sense^of  v^agna,    His  great  fkme  lia.   Hewasoneof  themoet  valiaatctpttBi 

aroee  from  his  dietiBffuighed  valor,  and  tro-  at  the  sicge  of  Troy.    With  Ulyana,  heilali 

poies  noblv  won.    Meritis :  noble— distin-  the  Palladium  fiofli  the  tempio  ni  Miyn, 

ffuished.     Kanttt  aMjs^partit,  at  Troy,  and  attaoked  tha  oamp  of  Rbesni, 

«25.  Flagranie:  raging — fierce.  kkig  of  Tbrace,  wbom   tbev    kUled,  od 

226.  Super :  in  Ihe  lense  of  praUerea  vel  carried  off  his  horses  to  the  Grecian  cam^ 

insuper:  beside— in  addition  to  these  ihinjs.  ^^^^  ^hey  had  tasied  tho  graas  of  Troy  or 

Servius  says,  ad  cumulationem  vialorum.  ^^^^  ^^  water  of  Ihe  Xanthus.     On  eTery 

230.  Petendam,    Some  copies  bave  petesk^  occasion,  he  distinffuished  himself.     He  hid 

ium,  ^  rencounter  with  Hector,  and  witb  iLneu; 

232.  Fatalem :  destined,  and  appointed  by  ^e  latter  was  wounded  by  hini,  and  wooM 

the  godB  to  marry  Lavinia,  and  to  rule  the  ^^^^  ^®«"  «^*»'*»  ^^  *^  ^^^  not  *>««»  f<w  « 

Latin  state.     Manifesto  :    by  the    evident  ^imely  aid  of  Venus.     During  his  absencr 

power  and  assistance  of  the  gods.     Adnuh-  ^^^^   ^^^  home,  his  wife  ^giale   had  is 

lu/.declares.    Rueus  says,  M/emii7.    What-  amour  with  Cometes,  one  of  her  serraBts. 

ever  hesiUnco  and  doubt  lested  on  the  mind  Disgusted  with  her  mfidelity  to  him,  he  de 

of  Latinus,  conceming  his  son-in-law,  it  was  termined  to  leave  his  country,  and  cane  into 

now  removed.     He  plainly  saw  in  the  iato  ^»*  V^^  ^^  I^lj  called   Magna  Gnetia. 

transactions,  the  immediate  interposiUon  of  Hero  he  built  a  city,  and  callcd  it  jirgyrippt. 

tbe  gods  in  favor  of  iEneas.  He  married  a  daagbter  of  Danaua,  king  d 

aoe    T         •      ■    «u    -^         r  •  D  •  the  country.    He  died  with  extreme  old  afs, 

236.  Imperto:  m  the  sense  ot  russu,   Pn'       .  _/ ,  „  ..  ^  u     j       r  u-    r  .l 

—        »u      u-  r  *i-        ui        r*i  or  as  8ome  say,  by  the  bands  of  his  fatber- 

mos:  the  chief  men — the  nobles  of  tiie  peo-  .     ,  xj-    a     fu  *i     i  ^Tl 

^i        ^      ,,     :    4.  r  j^^i  m-law.     His  death  was  irrcatly  lamented  b? 

^CogU:  m  the  sen«»  of  conffr.^/,  vel  ^^  eompanions  ;  wbo,  ^ording  to  fabli 

«36.  Fluunt:  in  the  sense  of  ruunt  vel  ^1"^  ""^^rHll^^^l^.  resembling  swana 

eurrunt.     P lems :  m  ihe  senf^  oT  stipatu.  ^^0   coa^t  of  Apulfa,  whcre   Uiey  hecame 

238.  Sceptns :  m  power— authonty.  Reg^  remarkable  for  their  tanieuess  loward  tte 
iw,  says  Ru»U8.  Haua  lata :  sad-^orrow-  Greeks,  and  for  the  horror  with  wbich  tbey 
f"'*  shunned  all  other  nations.     Tliey  are  calied 

239.  Ex  ^tola  urbe :  the  cHy  Arpi,  built  tho  birds  of  Diomede.  He  waa  worsbipped 
by  Diomede.     Remissot  r  retumed.  |^  a  gQ^^ 

242.  Farier:  for /ar»,by  paragoge. /ij/f/;  244.  Emensi:  having  mea^ured  out  00 
in  tlio  8enso  of  incipit,  journcy — having  finished  our  joumey,  fttti 

243.  Diomcdenu  Diomede  was  the  son  245.  Ilia  teUus :  in  the  senso  of  7>q;aiitia 
of  Tytious  and  Deiphylo  and  king  of  £to-  refcnum* 


iGNKIS     LIB.  Xl  641 

Vietor  Gargani  condebat  Inpygis  arvis. 

Poetquam  introgressi,  et  coram  data  copia  fan£,  * 

Munera  prseferrimus,  nomcn  patriamque  docemus , 

Qui  bellum  intulerint,  quas  causa  attraxerit  Arpos.     250     250.    Bellnixi    nohUi 

Auditis  ille  haec  placido  sic  reddidit  ore :  <!«•  causa  attrazerit  no$ 

O  fortunalaj  gentes,  Satumia  regna,  IU!dUb*Tl  ^^^'    ^" 

Antiqui  Ausonii ;  qu®  vos  fortuna  quietos  au  i  w,  i  e 

Sollicitat,  suadetque  ignota  lacessere  bella  ? 

Quicunque  Jliacos  ferro  violavimus  agros,  265     255.  Quicunque  no»' 

(Mitto  ea,  quae  muris  beUando  exhausta  sub  altis,  ^*'*'"*^    r« 

Quos  Simois  premat  ille  viros)  infanda  per  orbem  ^x^u^utUfwHt  **''* 

Supplicia,  et  scelemm  pcenas  expendimus  omnes, 

Vel  Priamo  miseranda  manus.     Scit  triste  Minerve 

Sidus,  et  Euboic®  cautes,  ultorque  Caphereus.  260 

5lliliti&  ex  il]&  diversum  ad  Ktus  adacti :    j  261.   £x  lUa  milltiA 

Atrides  Protei  Menelaus  ad  usque  columnas  ••••  «datfti  sumut 

Exulat :  iEtnseos  vidit  Cyclopas  Ulysses. 

Regna  Neoptolemi  referam,  versosque  Penates  tM*  FersM  refrna 

Idomenei  ?  Libyco-ne  habitantes  litore  Locros  ?         265 

'   NOTES. 

47.  G/if^ant:  gen.  of  Gai^anuf,  amoun-  260.    TVisie  iidtu:   the  stonn,  in  whicn 

tain  in  Apulia.    Hodie^  Monte  di  Si,  ^ngelo»  Ajaz  the  son  of  Oileui  was  drowned,  an^ 

A  part  of  Apulia  waa  called  lapygia^  from  the  ra^ng  conatellation  Arcturus,  by  whose 

iapyx^  the  son  of  DoBdalus,  who  settled  in  influence  that  itorm  waa  raised,  are  here  as- 

UMee  parts.    lapjfgis :  an  adj.  for  lapygii^  cribed  to  Minerra,  whom  that  hero  had  of- 

•ip^eeiiig  with  Qargani — ApuHan.  fended  by  violating  Cauandra  in  her  temple. 

S48.  Copia:  leave — liberty.  CapKereut:  a  rodi  <m  the  iiland  Ettbaa^ 

S53.  Fortuna :  RutBui  laTB,  tors,  where  Ajaz  wai  efaipwrecked.    Hence  the 

254.  Ignoia  bella:  wan  to  which  you  are  epithet  liior:  the  avenger. 
Qnaocuitomed.    Studei:  in  the  senee  of  tm-  262.   Proiei,    The  vint  of  Menelaui  tn 
ptHU,    Laeettere :  in  the  lenie  of  movere.  Proteua,  king  of  Egypt,  ii  related  at  largu 

255.  quieunque  violavimut:  whoe?er  of  in  the  Odyii.  Ub.  4.  Thii  account  of  thc, 
aa  ▼lolated,  &c.  The  ezpreesion  impliee  that  diaastera  of  the  Giecian  chiefs  after  the 
it  waa  lacrilege  to  injure  them.  downfall  of  Troy  formi  an  agreeable  epi- 

«56.    Exhautia:   lustamed— endured  in  gode.    It  ii  very  natural  for  the  poet  to 

6ghting.    MUio :  in  the  lenie  of  omUio  vel  make  the  aged  hero  dweU  up^n  the  miifor- 

praiereo.  tunei  of  hia  companiona  in  arms.    And  it  ia 

257.  Premai :  overwhelmed— bore  away.  pleaiing  to  lee  him,  who  waa  eo  active  and 
Homer  informi  ui  that  the  river  Simoii,  fierce  in  the  liiad,  and  the  firat  in  every  en- 
WM  lo  choaked  with  the  dead  bodiea  of  lerpriie,  laying  amde  hii  armor,  and  exhort. 
thom  ilam  in  one  enm^ment,  that  iti  wa-  ing  the  ambaaiadon  to  peace.  Homer  in- 
tan  were  mterrupted  m  their  coune.  To  formi  ua,  that  Menelaui  wandered  eight 
thia,  Diomede  here  alludei.  The  preient  yean  in  the  leaa  in  the  neighborhood  of 
tenae  ii  here  uied  plainly  for  the  pait  Egypt,  and  went  ai  far  ai  the  ialand  of 

258.  Expendimut:  have  endured  unipeak-  Pharos,  the  boundary  of  the  realmi  of  Pro- 
able  hardihips,  and  lufiered  every  puniih-  teui.  Sir  Isaac  Newton  obiervea,  that  Pro- 
ment  of  our  cnmea.  Rusui  layi,  iuimut.  teui  wai  not  the  king  of  Egypt,  but  a  go- 
The  war  of  Th)y  proved  ruinoui  to  the  yemor  or  viceroy  of  the  king,  and  govemed 
Oreoki  ai  well  ai  Trojana.  Moit  of  the  a  part  of  lower  Egypt  See  Geor.  iv.  388. 
Oreeian  heroei  luffiired  eztreme  hardihipi  Cohmnat:  in  the  lenaeof  lemmot  vel  limi 
on  theu'  retum.    Somo  periihed  on  tlie  voy-  /^ j  regni  ProieL 

age;  and  othen  found  their  kingdomi  in  a        j,«o    e*     i  *    :«  *u^  -^^  ^c s 

deatroyed.  264.  Referam:  ihall  I  mention  the  fob* 

±59.  Manut:  a  company  to  be  pitied,  even  ^«^ed  realma,  kc    Penatct:  the  coontiy 

by  Priam  himielf.    The  calamiUei  which  of  Idomeneui»  overthrown.   Rueui  mya  do^ 

befeU  them,  though  conqueron,  were  greater  »»*"i  ^o'  P^tet.    He  wai  king  of  Crato. 

thni  thoie  which   beftU  the   vanquiahed.  See  Edi.  ui.  122. 

E?«n    Priam  migfat  pit/  them.      TWili.*  265.  Loerot:  the  Locriana,  on  tlMir  fv- 

0lm^y— baleAiL  tom,  it  ia  aaid,  were  foroed  to  tbe 


mjl  P.  VIRGILU  MARONIS 

Ipae  MycensBUB  magnonim  doetor  Aehivihii 
Conjugis  infiindaB  prima  intra  limina  deztr4 
tna.  KdulieT^gsfslhut  Oppetiit :  devictam  Asiam  subsedit  adulter. 
SS9.  Re/eram-ne  Deos  Invidisse  Deoe,  patriiB  ut  redditus  oris  S 

^vMine  mihu  ut  ego  Conjugiuro  optatum,  et  pulchram  Calydona  videreBi* 
^**^*****  Nunc  etiam  horribili  visu  portenta  sequuntur : 

«7S.  Piuiiia  ^^  ^^^^  amissi  petierunt  ethera  penniai 

oeftque  &Tee      Fluminibusque  vagantur  aves,  heu  dira  meorum 

Supplicia !  et  scopulos  lachrymosis  vocibus  implent. 
Haec  aded  ex  illo  mihi  jam  speranda  fuerunt  ! 

Tempore,  cikm  ferro  coelestia  corpora  demena 
Appetii,  et  Veneris  violavi  vuhiere  dextram. 
Ne  verd,  ne  me  ad  tales  impellite  pugnas. 
t79.  Nec  ett  mihi  ul-  Nec  mihi  cum  Teucris  uUum  pdst  eruta  benum 
'^^^0    P  t&  ^®^'^^ '  ^^  veterum  memini,  laetorve  maionim. 

mfU: '  Ne^^S^initT».  Munera,  quae  patriis  ad  me  portfttia  ab  oris, 
tor-ve    caiud    ▼etenim  Vertite  ad  JSneam.     Stetimus  tehi  aspera  coDtra, 
malorain  Trajanonan.     Contulimusque  manus  :  experto  credite,  quantus 

283.  Credite  mihi  ex-  In  clypeum  assurgat,  quo  turbine  torqueat  haatam* 
^'^  Si  duo  prseterek  tales  Idaea  tulisset 

Terra  viros ;  uhrd  Inackias  venisset  ad  urbes 
Dardanus,  et  versis  lugeret  Gnecia  fittia. 

NOTE& 

Afhoa,  where  they  eettled  in  the  dietrict  274.  ImpUni  teofulot,    On  the  oo« 

nalled  Peniapolis,  Apulia  are  several  iBlande  freqaented  b] 

266.  Mycmaus  duetor:  As^amemnon,  who  birds,  into  which  it  ia  said  the  compai 

was  king  of  Myeena^  and  commander  in  of  Diomede  were  changod. 

chief  ofthe  Grecks  in  the  Trojan  war.     On  276.  Defnent.    Diomede  here  impnti 

his  return  home,  he  was  slain  by  j^gyethus,  his  misfortunes  to  the  resentment  of  V« 

with  wiiom  his  wife  Cljtemnestra  had  an  This  gives  importance  to  thc  guddeai 

intriguu  during  his  absence.     She  is  thcre-  mother  and  protcctress  of  ifilneab.     Bi 

fore  called  nefanda  conjugis.     Intra  prima  does  not  mention  his  having  given  M 

limina  implics,  that  he  was  slain  as  soon  as  wound  also.     From  the  tinie  thai  he 

he  entcred  his  palace.     Servius  takes  it  in  sumptuously  avsailed  the  Calestiahy  l 

the  sense  of  primo  litore^  implying,  Ihat  he  evils  wcre  to  have  becn  expcctcd.     Ven 

was  murdcrod  as  soon  as  he  arrived  on  the  prcsumptuous — infatuated. 

flhore.  278.  JVe  vero :   do  not,  do  not  ur|e 

268.  Siibsedit  devictam:  he  lay  in  wait  for  Thc  repetition  of  the  ne  is  emphatic. 

conquercd  Asia.     By  killin^  Agamemnon,  283.  Contulimus  manus :  weengaged 

jEgyathus  hoped  to  succced  him  in  his  gov-  to  hand.     Virgil  here  coinpliments  his 

ernment,   and  take  posscpfiion  of  his  jcon-  out  of  the  mouth  of  Diomede.     But  th 

queats  in  Asia.     Hcyne  takcs  Asiam  devic-  oonnt  whioh  Ilomer  gives  of  the  rencoi 

Uim,  in  the  sonac  of  victorern  Troj(e  the  con-  is   very  diftcr  «nt.     He    was   wounded, 

qucror  of  Troy.     Ruaeua  says,  pont  Asiam  would  have  been  slun,  if  ho  had  not 

dtvicfam  adulter  insidiatus  est  ei.     Diividson  rescucd  by  Venu^. 

rendera  the  passan;e,  "thc  adulterous  »Lssas-  284.  Asmrgat,     In    the   act  of  thro 

sin  posscssod  hinisclf  of  conqucred  Asia."  the  javelin,  or  dart,  the  shield  was  •lei 

Valpy  taUos  Axiam  devictam,  with  Hcyne.  on  the  left  arra,  to  givo  full  poom    fa 

Opj>e/iif :  p.Mi>h.Ml— was  slain.  action  of  the  right  arm.     Turbine  : m 

2«'»9.   In  idi.ixt'  Deon.    Dioniedc,  onaccount  sense  of  impe/u. 

of  thc  coiKluct  of  his  wilc,  left  his  native  285.    PrcUerea:  beside  him.     Its  pi 

comitry,  and  wcnt  into  cxilc  in  Apulia.     Ve-  pj^ce  is  aftcr  tales  viros,     If  the  Trojan 

ims  is  .siid  to  havc  scnt  upon  hini  thia  do-  had  produeed,  &c.     /rfcca.*  an  adj.  froni 

niostic  arHiciioi»,   as  a  punishmcnt  for  hia  a  mountain  of  PAry^a  ^Vtrwr,  neax  th« 

w-iundipjr  \\oT  in   I>attl(\     To   this   circuin-  ©fTroy. 

hMinc  thc  wo.mIs  iuvifhsse  IhoH  rofrv.     Cu-  286.  Inachias :  Grecian  :    eo  called 

l.'dona:  ucc.  siiiir.  thc  nanic  of  his  coiintry.  Jnachus,  one  of  Uie  early  kings  of  Gr 

IniuaiH.^c :  Kujcus  says,  obntitLsse.     Davidson  ^/^^^  .  of  their  own  accord— in  offensiTe 

fiiys,  -forbadc'  237.  Barda-ius,     By  thie  we  an  Ifl 


iENEIS.    LIB.  XL  64% 

id  apud  diire  cessatum  est  moenia  Troje,  S88.  Quidqmid  mgj^' 

is  iEneieque  manu  victoria  Graiiim  ^  ' 

et  in  decimum  vestigia  retulit  annum.  290 

inimis,  ambo  insignes  prsstantibus  armia :  S91.  Ambo  erani  in- 

tate  prior.     Coeant  in  foedera  dextne,  «vn» 

tur :  ast,  armis  concurrant  arma,  cavete.  .*^  ^®  JEneot  trMi 

onsa  simul  quas  sint,  rex  optime,  regis  ^"^^^ 

,  ct  qusB  sit  magno  sententia  bello.  295     295.  Que  nt  se&tra. 

?a  legati;  variusque  per  ora  cucurrit  ^^fTv^^t^    •  Ai 

diim  turbata  fremor :  ceu,  saxa  morantur  awUe^^     ^  ^*" 

.pidos  amnes,  clauso  fit  gurgite  murmur, 
]ue  fremunt  ripae  crepitantibus  undis. 

rimum  placati  animi,  et  trepida  ora  qui^runt,  300.  Placatiyiienaif 

18  Divos  solio  rex  infit  ab  alto :  301 

]uidem  summA  de  re  statuiase,  Latini, 

im,  et  fiierat  meliCts  ;  non  tempore  tali  303.  Ei  non  eocm 

concilium,  cilun  muros  obsidet  bostis. 
importunum,  cives,  cum  gente  Deorum,         306 
)ue  viris,  gerimus :  quos  nulla  fiitigant 

nec  victi  possunt  absistere  fisrro.  * 

li  quam  accitis  JStoIi^m  habuistis  in  annis,  SOa.  Ponite  •pem,  ■! 

spes  sibi  quisque ;  sed,  hiec  qulun  aiigusta,  vide-  habuistis  quam  tpem 
qu&  rerum  jaceant  perculsa  ruin&,  [tis.     309.  Qaisque  tii  m\^ 

;ulos  interque  manus  sunt  omnia  vestras.         31 1  ««i  ipea :  ecd  qu&m  a». 
Bmquam  incuso  :  potuit  quie  plurima  virtus  ^^  ZHi^rH  renim 

iit :  toto  certatum  est  corpore  regm. 

N0TE8. 

the  Trojana,  who  were  the  de-  theaniwer  of  kingDiomede.    Theconunon 

8  of  Dardanus,  one  of  the  foundera  reading  ia  regtm^  which  is  not  so  eaaj. 

FertiM :  in  the  ■enee  of  muiatit,  $97.  Fremar :  in  the  eenae  of  murmur. 

jofthingswouldhavebeenchanged,  ^^    OurgUeeUmto:  in  a  pent  up  flood, 

r  wouldJaTo  been  victonou.  over  ^,  ^^CrepiiarUilna :  J^arin«LdaS 

W/tm  ui .  wa.  delayod,  or  ipent    '"^JT^  *^*  ^'         , 

;c.  300.  Trepida  ora :  tumultuoua  moutbe 

'ii/orta  hatii :  the  victory  of  the  di«Jordant  tonguea. 

nras  Buspended  by  the  yalor,  iic  301.  PneftUut  Divot:   having  addreaeod 

'cry  complimentary  to  the  valor  of  the  godi,  the  king,  ftc.     It  waa  the  cuatom 

o  beroes,  Hector  and  i£neaa.    /2e-  of  oraton  to  niher  in  their  epeeches,  when* 

gia :  retreated  into  the  tenth  year  ever  the  lubject  wai  lolemn,  and  of  publie 

it  ofT-^deferred  till  the  tenth  year.  concem,  with  an  addreas  to  the  gods. 

Heyne  laya,  reiardaia  eti,     Runua  302.  Summd  re :    for  the  iiJety  of  tba 

ttUii,  atate-— for  the  common  good. 

)extr<B  eoeani,    The  aged  hero  ad-  305.  Oenie  Deorum:   with  a  nation   of 

)   Latini    to  unite    in  league,  or  goda— with   a  nation  deriving  their  origin 

ith  AlneastOn  any  termi  that  might  from  the  godi.    Iw^oriunum:  dangerou»— 

d ;  but  by  all  meani,  avoid  to  en-  difficult. 

rms  againit  luch  a  mighty  diam«  308.   AeeiHt :    lought    aAcr — invited.— 

^ie  prior  vieiaie,    Thii  compariion  JEtoHan:    from   Diomede,  who  wai  theii 

B  with  Hector,  ii  no  exaggeration  king.     He  dedined  to  bave  any  thing  to  do 

>et  in  favor  of  hii  hero.     Homer  with  the  war. 

it  before  him.     Thii  goodnen  and  309.  Poniie  tpem :  lay  aiide  the  hop^* 

of  ^neai,  which  followed  from  oeaie  to  hope.    The  remainder  of  thii  Une 

ire  reaiona  for  the  Latina  to  hopo  ii,  by  lome,  luppoied  an  interpolation. 

310.  Qud  ruind :  in  what  ruin  the  rtiat  of 

[ua  datur :  in  any  way  that  may  our  afiain   lie   overthrown — proitrate ;  all 

— on  any  practicable  terma.  tliinga  are,  &c. 

*jegit :  thii  ii  the  reading  of  Heyne  312.  Ktrhu .    valor.      Plurima :   in  tbt 

ioa.     It  ia  govomod  by  retpontm^  aenae  of  ffuuniM 


^  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

Nunc  aded,  quie  sit  dubue  senteBtia  nieai^ 
315.  Docebo  tfot  ji&a-  Expediam  ;  et  pauciB,  aniiDOS  adfaibete,  doc^Mi. 

^  ^^^  Est  antiquus  ager  Tusco  mihi  praximiB  araoi , 

317.   OoeafrQm   m^  Longus  in  oocasum,  fines  snper  uBqae  Sieanos. 

°^^^  Aurunci  Rutuliqiie  serunt,  et  yomere  duros 

319.  Asperrinia  loea  Exercent  colles,  atque  horum  aspenimE  pnscuiit. 
horum  agrortun  Haec  omnis  regio,  et  cebi  plaga  pinea  montis 

Cedat  amicitiae  Teucrorum  ;  et  ibederis  «equas 
982.  TVoianot  sootot    Dicamus  legea ;  sociosqoe  in  regnm  Focemus. 
SS3.  Considant  uue^  Considant,  si  tantua  a»or,  et  mamia  condant. 
■i  tit  iilis  Sin  alios  fines,  aliamque  capesaeve  gentcoa 

Est  animus,  poaeuntque  selo  deoedere  Mstro ; 
Bis  denaa  Italo  texamuB  rokere  naTes, 
3S7.   St    iUi    yalent  Seu  plures,  complere  vdent :  jacet  omiiii  ad  anduii 
oomplere  eat  Materies :  ipai  numenimque  BioduoHpie  carinis 

Praecipiant ;  noe  «ra,  mamis,  nataiia  denMs. 
330.  PrflBtere^  placet  Praetere^,  qui  dicta  ftranl  et  ftsdeni  fimunt, 
wM    centum    Latinoe  Qentum  oratores  primA  de  ffente  Latinoe 
•ratore.  de  j^  ^j^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^  ^tendeie  ranioe : 

Munera  portantes  ebohaqQe,  auriqne  talenta, 
334.  InBgnia    nostri  jjt  sellam,  regni  trabaamque  iiiflignia;  noetri. 
^^  ConsuHte  in  medium,  et  rebiis  suociirrite  fesais. 

4  Tum  Drances  idem  infensus ;  quem  gloria  Tunii 

NOTE8. 

313.  Totoeorpore:  with  the  whole  power,        324.  Oeniem:  region^eountrj. 
or  force  of  the  kinjrdom.  325.  PoseunL      This  is  the   readin 

315.  Adkibete  animot :  give  attention.  Heyne,  and  of  Valpy  after  him.  Ruaeua 

316.  Tutco  amni :  the  river  Tiber.     This  pottuni. 

river  formed  the  ea«tern  boundaiy  of  Ta.-        ggg    Tixamu, :  in  the  s.ii«>  of  .Iru 
cany ;  hence  calted  Ttucan.     Ett  mihi  an-  ^         •      i. 

iiquus:    This  proposal  of  Latinus  to  grant         327.  iieu:  in  Uie  «ense  of  rW.     Com^ 

a  tract  of  land  to  the  Trojans,  is  no  fiction  ^^  *^'^  ^'  "J?^  "»«'^-     f^ndam :  by  Ih. 

of  Ihe  poet,     It  is  mentioned  by  historians,  ^®'  ^^  ^"®  Tiber. 

and  other  writers.     It  as  said,  that  iEneas         329.  Pracipiant :  in    the   sense  of 

acceptcd  tlie  propoHal.     It  is  generally  con-  tcrtbant.      Modum :    the    form,   or    i 

sidcred  lo  be  that  tract  of  country  lying  be-  J^avalia.     Navale  is  a  dock  where  i 

tween  the  city   Laurentum  and  the  Tiber,  lie;    or  a  ship-yard,  where  they  are 

including  the  Trojan  camp,  or  J^ova  Troja.  Aiso,  the  materials  of  which  they  are 

The  extent  of  the  tract  is  quite  uncertain.  and  with  which  they  are  equipped. 

Cato,  whom  Servius  follows,  supposes  it  to  I^t  is  probably  the  meaning  liere.    < 

ctjntain  about  700  aores.     Others  suppose  the  money  necessary  to  defray  the  cx] 

that  it  contained  40  ttadta  in  -  every  direc-  of  building.     JSanut:  the  workmen. 
tion  from  the  city  Lavinium^  forming  a  cir--        331.  Primdgente:  of  the  first  ranh 
cle  of  about  ten  miles  in  diameter,     Others         333.  Portantet  munera  :  bearing  pn 

again  onlargo  it  to  400  ttadia  in  circumfe-  This  alludes  to  the  Koman  custom  of 

rence.     It  is  called  antiquut^  because  it  be-  ing  such  presents  to  kings. 
longed  to  the  ancient  dominion  of  the  Latin         334.  Setlam :  the  chair  of  state    Trt 

^^^g^-  the    trabea  was    a  narrow    robe,  wq 

317.  Longut :  extended — stretching  even  the  kings,  and  the  consnls. 
beyond.      Sicanot :    an    ancient  people   of        335.  Contulite:  advise,  or  consalt  1 
Italy.      See  Lib.  vii.  795.      This  tract  of  common   good.      Fettit    re^  :    disl 
country  the  Aurunci  formerly,  and  then  the  state,  or  condition. 

Rutuli,  tultivated.     The  most  rugged  parU  336.    Infentut :    spitefbl — bearing 

of  it,  they  reserved  for  pasturage.     Serunt:  Tbe  glory  of  Tnmus--hi8  noole  birt 

in  ihe  sense  of  colunt.  fame  in  war,  had  excited  bis  envv;  f 

320.  Pla^a :  m  the  sense  of  tracttu,  embraced  ihe  present  opportunity   t 

321.  Cc</«/;  inthesenseof  cfe/wr.  vent   to    his   feelings.     Idem:  t*fen 

322.  Leget:  oonditions,  or  terms.     Diea-  here  made  to  verso  122,  mpra  ei  #ef, 
mut:  Jet  us  appoint — name.  same  Dranoos«  Jte* 


CNE1S.    LIB.  Xi. 


546 


UbliquA  invidi&  stiniulisque  agitabat  amaris  ; 

Ejai^us  opum,  et  lingu&  mclior,  sed  frigida  bcllo 

Deztera,  consiliis  liabitus  non  futilis  auctor, 

EMlitione  polens  ;  genus  huic  materna  superbum        340 

Nobilitas  dabat  incertum  de  patre  ferebat ; 

Burgit,  et  his  onerat  dictis,  atque  aggerat  iras : 

Bem  nulli  obscuram,  nostr»  nec  vocis  egentem, 

Consulis,  6  bone  rex.     Cuncti  se  scire  fatentur, 

Quid  fortuna  ferat  populi ;  sed  dicere  mussant.  346 

Det  libertatem  fandi,  flatusque  remittat, 

Gujus  ob  auspicium  infaustum,  moresque  sinistros, 

i]>icam  equidem,  licdt  arma  mihi  mortemque  minetur) 
jumina  tot  cecidisse  ducum,  totamque  videmus 
Consedisse  urbem  iuctu :  dum  Troia  tentat  360 

Castra  fugs  fidens,  et  ccelum  territat  armis. 
Unum  etiam  donis  istis,  quae  plurima  mitti 
Dardanidis  dicique  jubes,  unum,  optime  regum, 
Adjicias :  nec  te  ullius  violentia  vincat, 
Quin  natam  egregio  genero  dignisque  hymenieis         355 
Des  pater,  et  pacem  hanc  leterno  foedere  jungas. 
Qu6d  si  tantus  habet  mentes  et  pectora  terror ; 
Ipsum  obtestemur,  veniamque  oremus  ab  ipso  ; 
Cedat,  jus  proprium  regi  patrisBque  remittat. 
Quid  miseros  toties  in  aperta  pericula  cives  360 

Projicis  ?  6  Latio  caput  horum  et  causa  malorum  i 
Nulla  salus  bello :  pacem  te  poscimus  omnes, 


33C.  8od  curtu  dezt^- 
ra  erat 

341.  Enim  ferebat  in< 
certum  gentu  de  paire 

342.  Onerat  Tumitm 


346.  7Wnti#det 


352.  O  dptin^  reguro, 
adjicias  unuiu  alttrum, 
etiam  unum,nem|i#,^t- 
am  istis  donia,  quas 


357.     Tantai    terrur 
TWni  habet  notttoi 


361.  O  Turne^  caput, 
ot  causa  horum 

362.  Ett  nolnt  nolla 


NOTEa 


■tate  to   the   unfortunate   influence   which 
Tumus  faad  in  the  councili  of  Latinus,  axid 

lu 
relation  to  the  war. 


537.  Obliqud,    Dr.  Trapp  obsenree,  that  345.  ^uid  fortuna :  what  the  itate  of  the 

•nvj  is  uneasy  at  another^a  happineas,  and  nation  requirea.    Populi :  in  the  lenie  of 

•o  caunot  look  directly  upon  it.     Rueue  geniis.    Muttani :  in  the  sense  of  verefUur, 

takee  it  in  the  senao  of  oceuUa,   The  envioui  Heyne  layi,  non  audent. 

pereon  sees  every  thing  with  distorted,  or  346.F/a/ia;  vaunUngr— pride— arropmco. 

«rookedeye.     Oeuht  habem  diMMot.  Agi^  ^^     Ampicium:  conduct-.influenco.- 

Mat :  p^adea-spurred  on,    Amaru  ttunur  ^         ^  faerVattributes  the  disaslers  of  the 
Ht :  with  sharp,  or  pung^nt  stings. 

338.  "Largut :  in  the  sense  of  abundant. 

MttiOT  hngua^     Ru«u«  «y,,  «Waj^ior  to  hi.  pervene  and  d.terinii.ed  conduct 

Mon.,  h..  eloquence,  h..  wi^lon.  m  councU,  ^^    ^   ,            ^          .  ^             jy 

and  his  noble  birth,  was  a  coward.    Soroe  «ri  ua   h'  f 

have  imaffined,  that  nnder  the  character  of  «ct    /»»     •*  *    :..  *u-.  ^^^^  ^c  -.•-.-*.. 

rw.            \m    V.  a   a                          *  j        j  361.  Terrtiai :  m  the  sense  ot  mtnaiur. 
Tumus,  Mark  Antony  is  represented ;  and 

that  Cicero   is  shadowed  by  Drances.    It  352.    Unum  etuim.      In   addition  to  U.t 

woold  seem,  that  Virgil  was  no  gieat  fnend  »»»7  presenU  which  the  kmg  liad  pioposcd 

to  Cicero,  for  he  makes  no  mention  of  him  ^  •«nd  to  «neas,  Draiices  advises  him  to 

in  any  part  of  his  works.  »<^4  another,  namely,  his  daughter  Lavmia 

340.  Potent  tediiume:  powerful  in  fac-  •«  ^^^  ■«"«*  means  of  concilialing  the  con 
tions— a  powerful  party  man.  queror,  and  obUmmg  for  his  people  a  lasl- 

341.  .Afolema  no6t7tlaf;  on  bii  mother'i  ing  pcace. 

■ide,  he  was  nobly  descended— from  her  he  356.  Jungat :  m  the  sense  of  co^firmu. 

had  an  illustrious  descent,  or  extraction.  358.  Veniam.    This  favor  was,  that  Tui- 

FtrebcU :  in  the  aense  of  habebai.  nus  should  yield,  or  give  up  to  the  king,  his 

342.  Hit  dictit:  with  theee  invectivee — re-  own  peculiar  autbority  aad  right  in  the  dis- 
■roaehei.  Irat:  the  common  halied  against  posal  of  his  daughlsr;.  aad<  that  lie  should 
Tiimui.  resign  his  claim  to  kei,  fer.  tiie  good  of  his 

944.  Cmuuh» :  in  Ike  eenee  of  tuade»  vel  eountry. 

359.  ReMiiiai:  in  the eeneeof  reHrufum. 

sa 


Mti  P.  VlRGILTl  MARONIS 

903    Siraul  f»ojfimus  Turne,  simul  pacis  soluro  inviolabile  pigniis. 
•**""  Primus  ego,  invisum  quem  tu  tibi  iingis,  et 

Nil  moror,  en  supplex  venio !  misei^re  tuorum ;      ' 
Pone  animos ;  et  pulsus  abi.     Sat  fbnera  fiisi 
Vidimus,  ingentes  et  desolavinfiiln  agroe. 
Aut,  si  &ma  movet,  si  tantum  p^6i^  tobur 
Concipis,  et  si  aded  d6talis  re^  cordi  e^t ; 
Aude,  atque  adversum  Bd^ns  fer  pec^ds  tn  hoMefki 
'  Scilicet,  ut  Tumo  contingat  regia  6onjiix, 
Nos,  anims  viles,  fnhtinlata  intffetaqile  toiiHi, 
Stemamur  campis.     £t  jam  tu,  ti  qiia  tibi  vis, 

S7i.  Biqaa  vii  eif  tibi,  Si  patrii  quid  Mards  ha[b68,  iUuto  iisp&ce  eotitHk, 
■*  Qui  vocat. 

Talibus  exarsit  dictis  viblentia  Tami : 
Dat  gemitum,  rampitque  has  imopecCoi^  vo^: 
Larga  quidem,  Drance,  tibi  flefhp^  eopia  fafMfi 
Tunc,  cum  bella  manus  p6s6tMnt :  pati^bmque  v<eeif 

S8a  Tu  primua  adet  Primus  ades :  sed  non  replenda  'est  curia  verbis, 

Quae  tutd  6bi  magna  volant ;  dum  di^net  hostem 
Agger  murorum,  nec  infmidant  smngtiine  foete, 

S83.  Qicorf  eti  ■olitam  Proinde  tona  eloquio,  solitum  tibi ;  ttieqtie  tiiiidris 
tibi  Argue  tu,  Drance,  quando  tot  stragis  «cervoB 

Teucrorum  tua  dextra  dedit,  paBsimqtle  trophasia 
Insignis  agros.     Po^t  qtiid  Vivlda  viirtQS, 

387.  Licet  ul  «u  ox-  Experiareilicet:  nec  longd  scilicet  hOstes 
periare  eam  Quaerendi  nobis :  circumstant  undique  mnros 

Imus  in  adversos  ?  quid  cessas  ?  an  tibi  Mavora 
Ventosi  in  ]ingii&,  pedibusque  fugacibus  istia 
Semper  erit  ? 

NOTES. 

303.   Pignus,     This  pledgo  consiBled  in  pute,  the  poet  BhowB  himBelf  a  pcrt« 

his  resignation  of  Lavinia  in  favor  of  ^neaa.  ter  of  artful  and  elegant  abose.     Ii 

364.  Invisum:  inimical — a  foe.     Nil  mo'  speeches  of  Drances  and  Turnua,  th 

for :  I  do  not  hesitate  to  be.    J^on  curo  esse^  sonie  fine  specimcns  of  oloqucnce,  i 

says  RuoBus.  cellcd  even  by  the  gre^t  maiiters  of ' 

366.   Fusi:  we,  beaten,  or  routod,  have  Jispice  itlum:  look  him  in  the  face 

($cen,  &c.     This  alludes  to  tlioir  rccent  de-  him  faco  to  face. 
feal.     .4mmo* :  in  the  scnse  of  ira*.  376.   f^io/ffn^ia :  in  the  sense  of  tra. 

369.  Adeo  eordi:   for  such  a  deli|rht  to  sajs,  mo/en/ia  7\«mt,  is  to  be  taken  I 
theo.     Dotalis:  "^iven  in  dowry.     Any  pro-  nus  himself. 

perty,  or  inhcritance,  belonging  to  a  woman  378.  Larga  copia  fandi :  great  flti 

at  the  tinie  of  her  marriago,  may  be  called  speech — a  copious  profusion  of  word 

dotalis.     Lavinia  was  the  only  child  of  Lati-  nus^  hcre,  means   action,  in   oppod 

nus,  and  tho  heiress  of  his  kingdom.    Should  mere  words. 

Turnu^  marry  her,  he  would  posscss  tho  381.     Magna :    in   great  abunda 

palace  if  i  throne,  m  right  of  his  wifo.  torrents. 

370.  Jiude :  have  courage — play  the  hero.  382.  Jtgger :  ramparta,  or  bulwarl 
Adrtrsnm :  in  front — right  against.  It  agrees  383.  Tona :  thunder  on. 

with  jjtctus.  384.  Qnando  tua:   since  thy  ri^ 

:il\,  Ut  regia  conjux:  that  a  royal  spouse  hath  made  so  many  heaps,  &c.     Thii 

may  fall  to  Tumus,  we  vulgar  souls,  &c.  irony.     Stragis.    Strages  is  properly 

l^iiis  18  extremely  sovero,  and  sarcastic.  ter :  also  the  bodies  of  the  slain. 

374.  Martis :  in  the  senso  of  fortitndinis.  says,  cadaverum  Trojanorum. 

Drances   concludes,   by   observing   that,  if  386.  /n«g7it«;  you  adom,  ordew 

Turnus  was  that  hero  rcpresented,  and  if  he  fields,  &c. 

p08seK.sed    any   of  hia  couniry^s  valor,   he  389.  .^cfrerMf:  in  the  senseof  A«jfi 

would  moct  ii^ncas,  hand  to  hand,  who  had  vors :  a  name  of  Mars:  herc  used  ' 

fiTivcn  oJ-eady  llf    chaUeuge.    Vu  VVus  dvir-  raf^e^  or  valor.     Tihi  •  in  Lho  8«n7ui  • 


iBNBiS.     UB.  XI.  H 

rgo  ?  aut  quisqiiain  ineritd,  fcBdissime,  polmnn  SM.  O  fodiMliii»  k^ 

,  Diaeo  tumidum  qui  crescere  Tybrim  ^ 

le,  et  Evandri  totam  cum  stirpe  videbit 

iisee  domum,  atque  exutos  Arcadas  armia  T     996 

a  me  experti  Bitias  et  Pandarus  ingens,  3d6.  Haud  Ita  experti 

I  mille  die  victor  sub  Tartara  misi,  ««"^ ;  «t  mUle  alU,  qnot 

i  muriB,  hostilique  aggere  septus.  ^  ^  ^"*  ^^  ^^^ 

ilus  bello !  capiti  cane  talia,  demena, 

io,  rebuaque  tuis.     Proinde  omnia  magno       400 

a  turbare  metu,  atque  extollere  vires 

[>is  victs  ;  contra  premere  arma  Latini.  402.  ContriL  ne  cttm 

t  Myrmidonum  proceres  Phrygia  arma  tremiacunt ! 

t  Tydides,  et  Larissaeus  Achilles ! 

et  Hadriacas  retrd  fiigit  Aufidus  undiifs !  405     405.  'Aiiiali  kvMam 

n  se  pavidum  contra  mea  jurgia  iingit  vernu  nirh 

s  seeJus,  et  formidine  crimen  acerbat.  407.  Sua  formkliM 

im  animam  talem  dextrA  hAc,  absiate  moveri, 

9 :  habitet  tecum,  et  sit  pectore  in  isto. 

d  te,  et  Uia,  magne  paler,  conauJtA  revertor.   410 

im  noetris  ultri  spem  ponis  in  amis ; 

deserti  sumus,  et,  semel  agmine  verso, 

b  occidimus,  neque  habet  fortuna  regressum : 

NOTE& 

I 

valoralwaye  OQBBitt  in,.fto.    For  408.  PrOMrcf :  tke  Ore<;ian  ohiefs.    Aga 

RiuBue  ■aye,/or/t/tM/o.  memnon  aiid  Menelaus  may  be  more  par 

irgiieijnUsum.    Turnae  here  vin-  ticalarly  aUaded  to.   MnfrwUdommu    TJmso 

limeeir  firom  the  eharge  of  bemff  were  tl!e  troope  of  Achillee.    By  eynec.  pol 

led,  niade  hy  Drancee :  Wbo  wiu  for  the  Giooks  In  general. 

na  of  beinff  beaten,  that  ihall  see  405.  A^Mmm.   A  riTer  rieing  in  the  Ape» 

en  Tyber,  «c  Arguet :  in  the  seaee  ainee,  and  in  the  territoriee  of   the  Ht 

RuflBUi  layi,  aeetmbii,    Ene  vel  pinU  and  paering  through  Apulia,  Dauma* 

ondenrtood  with  |nilni8i.  and  Peaoeiia,  uJHm  into  the  Adriatio  aea. 

'^lam  domwn :  and  the  whole  family  This  river  flod  back,  ai  if  afiighted  at  tho 

der,  with  hie  raee,  to  be  proitimted.  eight  of  the  Trojan  fleet,  and  ceaeed  to  flow 

aa  the  only  eon  of  ETsnder,  and  ai  in  iti  niual  coune.    Such  ii  the  languaffS 

know,  hii  only  ohild.   In  hii  death,  of  the  mieereant  Drancee,  in  eztoUing  the 

I  family  and  raee  beeame  eztinct.  Trojani,  and  ipreadiug  the  terror  of  their 

ittiaa  et  Pindarui,  Theee  were  two  name,  even  when,  kc.  Theae,  or  lome  other 

of  gigantic  stature,  whom  Tnmus  of  the  lame  import,  are  requisite  to  conneol 

Jie  time  of  his  entering  the  Trojan  the  lubject,  and  make  lenie.    Fugii :  flowed 

3ee  ^n.  iz.  672,  et  sequens.  back — fled  baok  from.    HadriataM :  an  adj, 

^ardanio  eapiii:  to  the  Trojan  chief :  from  Uadria, 

to  the  Trojan.    Capui  :  the  head,  406.  Jwrgia  wua :  my  menacei,  or  threate. 

;.  ii  frsj|uenU]F-  put   for  the  whole  Fingit :  in  the  senie  of  eimulal. 

person. '  Con^ :  proclaim-^dedare.  407.  Sc^^n  ariifiei* :    that  baie  villain 

appearsto  have  been  at  the  head  Such  wai  the  depravity  of  his  charartfr 

&lin  party,  which  favored  tbe  Tro-  that  he  wai  baieneiP  and  wickedness  i\»v\f 

eit  in  oppoiition  to  Tumui.     By  Thii  fonn  of  expression  is  common  withthe 

\s^  we  are  to  undentaiid  Ihii  party  peeL    It  ia  ueually  rendered  by  the  corree- 

m,  or  the  Trojans  themselves,  his  pondent  adjective,  with  which  the  following 

word  ii  made  to  agme.     Rosus  says,  iiia 

tentii  Int  vietiE :  of  the  nation  twice  seelestut  aeeusator,     Valpy  Mye,  artifex  sce- 

d.     Tumoi  considers  that  he  had  leris,  Crtmen:  in  the  sense  oi  aeeusaiimsem, 

subdued    the    Tr««jans ;    and    the  409.  Isio  peeiore :  in  that  bosom  of  thina 

lad  done  the  samc  thing  bcfore,  on  This  is  said  by  way  of  eontempt. 

sofTroy.    And  indeed,  it  appeara,  413.  Fundiius:   we   are  atterly  roiiNKL 

^reatly  ihe  advantage  over  them,  For  oeeidimus^  RaBOs  eajs  f^rvtms,     tU» 

e  aboeneo  of  .fineas.  sremcai.*  vstiini. 


i 


tM 


VIRGILII  MARONIS 


OremoB  pacem,  et  dextras  tendamus  inennes. 
Quanquam  6 !  si  solitSB  qaicqunm  virtutis  adeetet . 

416.  TXievidertiur  mi-  IUe  mihi  ante  alios  fortunatusque  laborum, 
U  ante  alioi  Egregiusque  animi,  qui,  ne  quid  tale  viderat, 

Procubuit  moriens,  et  humum  semel  ore  motnordit 
Sin  et^opes  nobis,  et  adhuc  intacta  juventus, 
Auxilioque  urbes  Italae  populique  supersunt : 
Sin  et  Trojanis  cuni  multo  gloria  venit 

4SS.  Si  mmt  illii  raa   Sangiyne  :  sunt  illis  sua  fiinera,  parque  per  omnes 

483.  Ounot  indecorei  Tempestas :  cur  indecores  in  limine  primo 

4S4.  MtftroM  artnfl       Deficimus  ?  cur  ante  tubam  tremor  occupat  artus  T 

Multa  dies  variusque  labor  mutabilis  fcvi 
Retulit  in  melius  :  multos  altema  revisena 

4VI,Eaifti§oMoitaiu  Lusit,  et  in  solido  rursus  fortuna  locavit. 

Non  erit  auxilio  nobis  iEtolus,  et  Arpi  ! 
At  Messapus  erit,  felixque  Tolumnius,  et  quos 
Tot  populi  misSre,  duces :  nec  parva  sequetur 

431  flbminet  delectoe^  Gloria  delectos  Latio  et  Laurentibus  agris. 

Est  et  Volscorum  egregiA  de  gente  Camilla, 
Agmen  agens  equitum,  et  florentes  sre  catervas. 
Qu6d  si  me  solum  Teucri  in  certamina  poscunt, 
Idque  placet*,  tantiimque  bonis  communibus  obsto: 
Non  adeo  has  exosa  manus  victoria  fiigit^ 

438.  Contra  JSSnean ;  Ut  tant&  quicquam  pro  spe  tentare  recueem. 
licdt  iUe  pnBfltct  $t  yel     Ibo  animis  contrk  ;  vel  magnum  pra»tet  Achillem, 
A^ir     ^*"*     *"****  Factaque  Vulcani  manibus  paria  mduat  arma 

441.**Eiro  Tamoe  de-  ^^®  ^*^^*     Vobis  animam  hanc,  soceroque  Latino, 
Yovi  hanc  Tumus  ego,  haud  ulli  veterum  virtute  secundus, 

442.  Me  solum  Devovi.     Solum  iEneas  vocat  ?  et,  vocet,  oro. 

NOTES. 

416.  Fortunatut:  bappj  in  his  toils — la-  433.  Florentes  are :  shining — gleai 

bcrs.     A  Greek  idiom.      So   also  egregius  brass. 

apimi :  illustrious — heroic  in  soul.     Rusus  436.  Victoria  non  adeh.     On  manj 

bays,  prastans  vertute,  old  coins,  are  to  be  seen  persons  ] 

419.  Intacta:  fresh — that  hath  not  been  victory  in  one  band.     To  thie  circan 
engaged  in  action.  Mr.  Addison  conjectnres,  the  poet  1 

420.  Populi :  nations*.  ludes.     Exosa  here  is  to  be  taken  a 
422.  Tempestas  par:  an  equal  storm  of    Victory,  dindaining  his  hand  so  mu 

war  on  both  sides.     Ruosus  «ajs,  par  ctades,  not  abandoned  him,  that  be  woold 

By  per  omnes^  we  may  understand  botb  sides,  &c.    This  spcech  of  Turnus  is  of  the 

the  Trojans  and  Italians.  character,  and  shows    him  to   be  t 

424.  j^nte  tubam :  before  the  trumpet  sound.  soldier.     It  is  very  difierent  from  tha 

425.  Dies:  in  the  senso  of  tempus.     Mu-  envious  and  cowardly  DnOlces, 
tabilis  (Evi :  of  changing  or  revolving  years.         437.  Tanta  spe :  in  the  hope  of  vi 

Retulit   multa:    changes  many  thmgs,  &c.  or  the  hope  of  obtaining  the  prixe 

Rufleus  says,  vfr/t/.     Labor:  change — vicis-  torv;  a  royal  bride. 

situdc — revolution.     Rueus  says,  motus,  .^0    n      ,  t     x^  «u«   -., r 

men    altemately,   hath    deceived    many-  YIJ.'^}"^^-    -^»"""  ••  ~»^ 

played  an  unexpected  gamo  with  them,  and  ®"                     ^* 

again,&c.   ^//enifl    i n  the  sense  of  a//«mw.  439.  Pana  armfl;  arms  equal  to  I 

428.   JStolus :  the  iEtolian  (naniely)  Di-  Achilles,  and  mado  by  the  hands  of 

omede ;  who  was  by  birth  an  ^tolian,  and  Tumus    was    al    thie  time    i^ora 

Bt  thattinie,  reigned  over  the  city  Arpi.  -fineas  actually  posseBBed  armor  1 

43*^.  Tolumniut.     He  was  an  augur,  and  Vulcan. 

foretold  the  success  of  the  war,  and  thereby  441.  Haud   seeundus      not  inferi 

animated  the  troops.    He,  tberefore,  is  called  second  to  any  of  his  Ulaetrioiia  ance 

/elix.  ^«X»t.    Keterum    in  the  omao  ofm 


i 


Mi 


NEIS.    LIB.  XI. 


M9 


Nec  Dranoea  potiiks,  sive  eat  hsec  ira  Deorum, 
Morte  luat ;  sive  est  virtus  et  gloria,  tollat      ^ 

Uli  hsec  inter  se  dubiis  de  rebus  agebant  446 

Certantes ;  castra  iEccas  aciemque  movebat. 
Nuntius  ingenti  per  regia  tecta  tumultu 
ESece  ruit,  magnisque  urbem  terroribus  implet : 
Instructos  acie  Tiberino  k  flumine  Teucros, 
Tyrrhenamque  manum  totis  descendere  campis.         460 
Extempld  turbati  animi,  concussaque  vulgi 
Pectora,  et  arrectSB  stimulis  haud  mollibus  irae. 
Arma  manu  trepidi  poscunt ,  fremit  arma  juventus : 
Flent  mcesti  mussantque  patres.     Hic  undique  clamor 
Dissensu  vario  magnus  se  tollit  in  auras.  456 

Haud  secib  atque  alto  in  luco  ci^m  fortd  catervflB 
Consed^re  avium  :  piscotfove  amne  Padusee 
Dant  sonitum  rauci  per  stagna  loquacia  cycni. 

Immd,  ait,  6  cives,  arrepto  tempore,  Turnus, 
Cogite  concilium,  et  pacem  laudate  sedentes :  460 

Illi  armis  in  regna  ruant.     Nec  plura  locutus 
Corripuit  sese,  et  tectis  citus  extulit  altis. 
Tu,  Voluse,  armari  Volscorum  edice  maniplis ; 
Duc,  ait,  et  Rutulos :  equitem  Messapus  in  armis, 
Et,  cum  fratre,  Coras,  latis  difflindite  campis.  465 

Pars  aditus  urbis  firment,  turresque  capessant : 
Cstera,  qu4  juss6,  mecum  manus  inferat  arma. 

Uicet  in  muros  totft  discurritur  urbe. 
Concilium  ipse  pater  et  magna  incepta  Latinus    * 
Deserit ;  ac  tristi  turbatus  tempore  differt.  470 

Multaque  se  incusa,  qui  non  acceperit  ultrd 


449*  Dieent  Tencrop 
initructoi  octe,  TStrrh^ 
numqut 

451.  Tarbati  nuU 


456.  Cum  fortd  catoi- 
Te  ayium  consed^re  in 
alto  luco ;  rauci-ye  cycni 
dant  aonitum  piscoeo-ve 


464.  Meflsaptw  et  Co- 
ras  cum  fratre,  «M,dif- 
fundite  equitam 


NOTES. 


443.  JVee  Drancet.  The  meaning  of  tbese 
two  linet,  i»  thia:  that  Drancet  should  not 
ditt ;  whether  the  yengeance  of  the  gode  re- 
qnircd  Uiat  one  of  them  ahould  perish ;  or, 
whother  ralor  and  glorj  were  the  result  of 
llio  conteat,  he  ihould  not  bear  off  the  prize 
of  Tietory.  Mr.  Drydcn  has  ezpresfled  the 
■ame  eentiment : 

DranetM  thaU  rett  teeure^  and  neiiher  thare 
7%e  danger^  nor  divide  ihe  prvte  ef  war, 

Though  Tumua  bad  «omewhat  recovered 
liie  temper,  durin^  the  time  of  hii  addrcM- 
uiff  the  king,  yet  he  could  not  oonclude, 
without  jriving  Drances  thie  eeyere  stroke. 

444.  Luai  marte:  atone  hy  his  death :  that 
is,  lose  his  life.  If  one  of  them  muat  die, 
TiUTiUB  chose  rather  to  be  the  one  himiiel€ 

445.  Agebant :  in  thc  ■onic  of  dicebant 
449.  Acie :  in  order  of  battle— in  battle 

amj. 

45S.  ArreeUe:  aroused.  SttmuHt:  im- 
pnbe. 

453.  Drepidi :  quick — in  haste.  Fremit : 
in  tho  sense  ofjlafriiat. 

454.  Patret:  the  senators.  The  council 
iff  iitate.    Muttant :  repine— ^ove. 

455.  Dittentu :    disagreement — diBCord- 


457.  Padutte :  one  of  the  moutha  of  tne 
river  Po.   Pitcoto  amne:  in  the  fishy  «treani. 

458.  Stagna.  Stagnum^  is,  properly,  tbe 
deep  parts  of  the  «ea,  or  river.  Here  it  if 
taken  for  the  whole  riyer,  or  atream.  Le- 
quacia :  retounding— echoing. 

459.  Tempore  arrepto :  the  occasion  bemg 
takon,  Tumiu,  &c.  Theee  words  of  Turaua 
are  extremely  ■arcaetic. 

461.  /Ui :  the  enemy. 

463.  Maniplit:  in  the  senie  of  turmikt. 
Ediee:  in  the  sense  ofjube^  vel  impera» 

464.  Eouitem:  the  cavalry — horscmen  in 
general.  Thia  is  the  reading  of  Heyne.  Ru- 
eu8  sayg,  equitet.  Mettuput — Corat.  Theee 
are  in  the  nom.  for  the  voc.  afler  the  Greek 
idloni. 

465.  Digfundite:  lead  out-^raw  up  tiM 
cavalry  in  arma. 

467.  Caetera  manut :  let  the  other  troopM. 
Slc.    Jutto :  for  juttero^  by  ijn. 

470.  Deterit:  \u  the  sense  of  reihuntii 
Tel  abrumpit.  Latinas,  alanried  at  the  dis- 
mal  criKis  of  his  afTaira,  gives  up  hie  plan 
of  conciliation,  and  again  relins  upon  dffen* 
sive  roeasures. 


iiaNfis 


flia  P.  VIROILn  MA 

Dardaniuni  iEneam,  generumque  afloiverit  uiU* 
Pnefodiunt  alii  portas^  aut  saxa  sudeaque 
Subvectant.     Belk)  dat  aignuro  muca  oruentum 
Buccina.     Turo  muroe  varii  oinv^  coroni 
Matronae  puerique ;  vooat  labop  ultimm  omnee. 

Nec  non  ad  temi^m  summaaque  ad  Pallaidb  aita 
Subvehitur  magni  matrum  regina  eetorvA, 
479.  Lavinia  virgo  eH  Dona  ferens :  juxtiLque  comes  Lavinia  vlrgo> 
comes  juxu  eam;  fum  Causa  mali  tanti,  atque  oeuloe  dejectaMecorofl. 
"^^Dejecu   quoad  Succedunt  matr^,  et  templum  thuro  vapofant^ 
dtneonm  £t  moBetas  alto  nindunt  de  limme  voces  u 

Armipotens  belH  pneees,  Tritonia  mgo^ 
«  Frange  manu  telum  Phyrgii  prttdoniS)  etipflum 

Pronum  steme  solo,  portisque  efilinde  aub  altiflw 
Cingitur  ipse  furena  certatim^in  praetia  TumuB. 
487.  memdutoMquoaa  Jamque  aded  Rutulum  thonica  indntue  ahems 
Ratalum  Rorrebat  squamis,  surasque  incluflerat  auro, 

^.  Iiu  nudui  adhue  Tempora  nudus  adhuc :  hrtwique  accinxerat  ensem, 
^  Fulgebatque  alt&  decurrena  aureu»  arce : 

Exsultatque  animia,  et  spe  jam  prscipit  hoetem. 
492.7Vx/i«qaaliiequagf  Qualis,  uIm  abruptb  fugit  pneeepia  vinclifl, 
uM  fugit  pnBMpia^  vin-  Tandem  liber,  equus,  campoque  potitofl  aperto ; 
Qh.  abrupt»,  tandem  U-  ^^  y^^  j^  ^^  armenta{|u^  tendit  equal^ ; 

Aut  assuetus  aquas  perfundi  flumine  noto 
Emicat,  arrectisque  fremit  cervicibus  altd 

^498.  Cai,neffwe,  TVime,  Luxurians  ;  luduntque  jub»  per  colla,  per  armofl. 

Camilla,  acie  Obvia  cui,  Volscorum  acie  comitante^  Camilla 

NOTES. 

473.  Prafodiunt  portcLt :  some  dig  trench-         484.  Pmdonis.     She  calls  ^neas 
es  before  the  gates,  with  a  view  to  keep  off    ber,  in  allusion  to  the  couduct  of  Pf 
the  enemj.  the  court  of  Menelaus. 

474.  Subveetant:    this  is  the  reading  of        485.  Effunde  •rou.i  him — break  in 
Ueyno  and  Davidson.     Ruieus  reads,  tubji-     his  power  under,  &c. 

ciiint.  488.  Ahtni*  sqiuimit:  in  his  brazen 

475.  Varid  eorond:  in  various  companies,  Squamct:  the  plates  in  a  coat  of  niail, 
or  troops.  They  manned  the  walls  iu  va-  in  some  degree  rcsembled  the  scale 
rious  parts.  So  universal  was  the  sense  of  fish.  By  meton.  the  corslet,  or  coat  i 
danger,  that  all  who  were  capable  of  making  itself :  and  hence,  by  sjnec  armor  in 
rcsislance,  took  up  arms.  The  last  struggle,  ral.  Horrebat :  in  the  sense  of  luceb 
the  uUimus  labor^  called  npon  every  one  to  rifie^,  /neliuerat  turas :  he  had  boa 
unite  in  making  what  resislance  they  could,  legs  in  gold.  He  had  put  on  his 
m  aid  o(  the  regular  forces.  Corona :  a  sandals.  Any  thing  made  of  gold  o 
coinpany,  or  body  of  men,  standing  around  called  aurum, 

m  the  form  of  a  circle  or  ring,  was  called  491.  Praeipit:  in  the  Benseof  pnro 

eorona,  Here  taken  forthe  troops  in  general.  494.  Tendit :  in  the  sense  o€  fert  « 

481.  Vaporant:  perfume.  495.  Perfundi:  iu  the  eense  of  tat 

483.    Armipotens  prttses :    O  !    powerful  496.  Emieat :  he  springs  forth. 

patroness  of  war,  &c.     This  prayer  is  taken  says,  exilit.     Fremit :  neighs.     AUi  \ 

from   Homer,  Iliad  17,  where  the   Trojan  connected  either  with  arrectis^  or  Itir 

matrons  invoke  the  aid  of  Pallas   against  This  last  is  used  in  the  sense  of  exsH 

Diomede.     It  is  almost  a  literal  version  of  498.  Acie  Volseorum :  tbe  troops 

the  Groek,  which  Mr.  Pope  hath  elegantly  Volsci  accompanying  her.     Acie^ :  pi 

rendercd  into  English:  an  army  in  order  of  battle;  sometim* 

Ob,  awful  Goddess !  ever  dreadful  maid,  put  for  troopn  in  general.     Here  Virg 

Troy*s  strong  defence,  unconquerM  Pallas,  an  instance  of  the  high  respect.  th 

aid ;  anciently  paid  to  the  general  of  an 

Brcak  thou  Tydides'  apear,  and  let  him  Camilla,  though  a  queen,  lcaps   frc 

fall,  borse,  to  do   Tumus  honor;   and 

Prone  on  the  dost,  befon  Oie  TTo\an  ^«2\,  Xxoo^^  iot^^^w  \i»t  «x.^^ta^le,    This  ap 


ii 


iENSIS.    Ue.  JU.  55  J 

Occiirrit,  portisque  ab  oquo  reglDa  sub  ipm 

I>esiluit ;  quam  tola  cohorp  iinitata  relictis  500 

:Ad  terram  defluxit  equis.     Tum  tali^  fatur : 

Tume,  sui  meritd  ai  qua  est  fiducia  fprti^  £01.  8i  qna  fiducn 

Audeo,  et  iEneadClm  promitto  occurrere  turmaa,  "^d**'  ^^  ««^^  «• 

Solaque  Tjrrrhenoa  equites  ire  obvia  contra.  *"  ^ 

Me  sine  prima  manu  tentare  pericula  belU :  505     505.  Med  mano 

Tu  pede^  ad  muros  subsiste,  et  moenia  serva 

Tumus  ad  hsec,  oculos  horrend&  in  virgine  fixus :  507.    Turniu,    fixua 

O,  decus  Italiae,  virgo,  quas  dicere  grates,  onoarf  oculog  in  honcn- 

Quasve  referre  parem  ?  sed  nunc,  eat  omnia  quando         hcJ''^"**'  retpondet  «1 
bte  animus  supra,  mecum  partire  laborem.  510     ^jq  Quando  iBte  timg 

iBiieaSy  ut  fajna  fidem  missique  reportant  aniiDus  est  lupra  omiiia 

Exploratores,  equitum  levia  improbus  arma  pericula 

Prsmisit,  quaterent  campos :  ipse  ardua  montis  ^^3.  Ui  quaterent 

Per  deserta  jugo  superans  adventat  ad  urbem. 
Furta  paro  belli  convexo  in  tramite  sylv8&,  515 

Ut  bivias  armato  obsidam  milite  fauces. 
Tu  Tyrrhenum  equitem  coUatis  excipe  signis. 
Tecum  acer  Messapus  erit,  turmsque  Latinse, 
Tiburtique  manus :  ducis  et  tu  concipe  cnram. 
Sic  ait :  et  paribus  Measapum  in  praslia  dictis  520 

Hortatur,  sociosque  duces ;  et  pergit  in  hostem. 

£st  curvo  anfractu  vallis,  accommoda  fraudi, 
Ajrmorumque  dolis :  quam  densis  frondibus  atrum 

Urget  utrinque  latus  :  teniui  qud  aemita  ducit,  523.  Quam  wiUeml^ 

Angustaeque  ferunt  fauces,    aditusque  malijgni.  525  ^  ^^  ^*"^  ^^^ 

Hanc  super,  in  speculia,  aupnmoque  in  vertice  montis 
Planities  ignota  jacet,  tutique  receptus : 

NOTES. 

Caroilla,  though  short,  as  the  time  required,  515.   Furta  :    in  the  sense  of  intidiai, 

im  fuU  of  courage,  and  it  bespeaks  the  he-  Convexo :  crooked — windmg. 

roine.  516.  Faueet:  etraite— defiles :  which  led 

501.  Defluxit :  leaped  on  the  ground-^  through  the  mountains  in  two  ways.     06- 

dismountcd    afler   the    example    of  their  tidam :  take  possession  of — ^block  up.     Ru- 

queen.  eus  says,  oeeupem. 

507.   Horrenda  :   coorageoas— yaliant— r  517.  CoUatit  tignit :  m  close  fight.     Con- 

inspiring  terror.  ferre  tigna^  is  a  military  term,  signifying  to 

511.  Fidem :  asaurance— certainty.    It  i«  engage  in  close  fight. 

goremed  \>y  reportant.    Heyne  takee  it  in  519.  Coneipe  eturam:  take  upon  yourself 

the  sense  of  nuntium,  the  charge  of  the'  general — take  ihe  chief 

512. /fnpro6ttf :  wicked — ^infamoue— with  command.     Ru  eus  says,  #ume. 

k  base  design.  Rueus  says,  eaUidut.    Levia  522.  Curvo  anfraeiu :  in  a  mtay  winding 

arma  eqidtum :   the   light-armed   cavalry.  — circuit.  Fraudi :  for  stratagem — ambush. 

Arma :  by  meton.  for  those  who  bear  them.  523.  Dolit :  wilcs  of  war.    Armorum  :  m 

513.  ^uaierent.    Rubus  says,  vatlarent.  the  sense  of  belli.  Tiie  yalley  through  which 

514   Superant.    This  is  the  reading  of  this  path  lcd,  was  cnclosed  on  each  side  by 

Heyne.     Kueus  and  Davidson  read  prope^  a  thick  wood.    Perhaps  atrum  should  be 

rant.    Deseria  ardua :  the  high  deserts  of  connectcd  with  dentit  frondibut. 

the  mountains.    Or,  loea  may  ba  understood  525.  Maligni   aditut:  small — scanty  ways 

connected  with  ^«er/a.   Jugo:  passingover  — passages.    Ferunt:  inthesenseoftfneim/, 

tbe  top,  or  ridge  of  the  mountain.    The  as  abore. 

poet  here,  prot>abIy,  has  in  yiew  the  Alban  o26.  In  apeculit :  the  same  as,  m  ttmmte 

mountains,  which  might  extend  into  the  ter-  vertiee :  on  the  highest  part — pinnacle. 

ritory*of  Laurentum.    Througb  thie  rooun-  527.  Ignola :  unknown  to  the  Trojana. 

tainous  tract,  Tumus  leamed,  that  iEneaa  5S8.  (kcurrerepugnei :  the  same  as  occur» 

was  about  to  march  hia  armj.    H»  therelbre  rere  hottibut.    Jugit :  from  the  top,  or  aidee 

propiMet  to  laj  hi  amboeh.  of  tJie  mountain. 


P.  VIRGILn  MARONiS 

Seu  dextHL  Ia9v4que  velis  occurrere  pugn»  : 
5S9.  Saza  in  hattemt  Sive  instare  jugis,  et  grandia  volvere  saza. 
Huc  jnvenifl  TWntafer-  Huc  juvenis  notA  fertur  regione  \iaruin, 
^  Arripuitque  locum,  et  sylvia  insedit  iniquis. 

53S.  Interea,  Laionia,  Velocem  interek  superis  in  sedibus  Opim, 
in  ■uperii  sedibus  com-  Unam  ex  virginibus  sociis^  sacrftque  catervi, 
i**'^*'***  Gompellabat,  et  has  tristi  Latonia  voces 

Ore  dabat :  Graditur  bellum  ad  crudele  CamiUa,       591 
O  virgo,  et  nostris  nequicquam  cingitur  armis, 
Chara  mihi  ante  alias :  neque  enim  novus  iste  DiaM 
Yenit  amor^  subit&que  animum  dulcedine  movit. 
Pulsus  ob  invidiam  regno,  viresque  superbaa, 
.640.   Cum   Meubugf  priverno  antiquft  Metabus  ciim  excederet  urbe,  510 

pulBUB  refi^no  ob  Infantem  fugiens  media  inter  prsBlia  belii 

642.  Suftulit  eom  in-  Sustulit  exilio  comitem,  matrisque  vocavit 
,'^vTi,r«rc^^  Nomine  Casmilte,  «.utatl  parte,  CamiUim. 
lam  de  nomine  gut  ma-  ^pse  sinu  prae  se  portans  juga  longa  petebat 
iris  Caimill»,  parte  no-  Solorum  neniorum  :  tela  undique  s>eva  premebanl,    545 
■imu  muuta  Et  circumfuso  volitabant  milite  Volsci. 

54T^  Medio  fugrn  flw  Ecce,  fugae  medio,  summis  Amasenus  abundaiw 
ma       aaenufl  Spumabat  ripis ;  tantus  se  nubibus  imber 

651.  Sedit  t//tverfanti  Ruperat.     Ille,  innare  parens,  infantis  amore 

652.  Erai  immane  te-  Tardatur,  charoque  oneri  timet     Omnia  secum         65U 
554  **Huic  telo  im  li^  ^®*^"**»  subit6  vix  hiec  sententia  sedit. 

eat     natam      dauJam  Telum  immane,  manu  validi  quod  fort^  gerebat 
Ubro  Bellator,  solidum  nodis  et  robore  cocto : 

556.    Qucrm    fuutam  Huic  natam,  libro  et  sylvestri  subere  clausaiu, 
''^ltS*  r»    •       T  Implicat,  atque  habilem  medise  circumligat  hasts ;     6S6 

almf cuitrix'^''        '^  Q"*»"  ^^''^^  >"g«n*i  ^^^""^^  >^.  *^  ^^^  ^*>"'  = 
558.  Illa  prima  tan-  Alma,  tibi  hanc,  nemorum  cultrix,  Latonia  vii^o, 

tfuarr.  lupplex  Ipse  pater  famulam  voveo :  tua  prima  per  auras 

NOTES. 

529.  Jugii,     The   proper  place  for  thie  vel  remoia,    Portans :  carrying  hu  child  ia 

word  appearii  to  be  after  volvere:  to  tumble,  his  bosom. 

or  roll  large  rocks  from  the  top  of  the  moun-  545.    Solorum  :    of  tbe    lonelj — eolitarj 

tain  upon  the  enemy.  groves.     The  groves  upon  the  distantmoun* 

531.  Fniquis:    rouj^h — uneven.      Rusus  tains,  lonely  and  solitary. 

sayi,  atperif,  546.   Volilabant,     Thin  verb  ezpresaes  the 

533.  CatervA :  retinue — ^band.  rapidity,  and  quicknees  of  tiieir  motions, 

534.  Latonia  :  a  name  of  Diana ;  from  547.  ^maseniu :  a  river  of  the  Vohei. 
Lalona^  the  name  of  her  mother.  Voces :  Hodie^  Tomtia,  Summis  ripis :  over  tbe  top 
in  the  sense  of  verba,  of  its  banks. 

536.  J^ostri*  armis,    Camilla  wae  armed  551.  Subithkae:  on  a  sadden  tliis  reeohi* 

like  Diana  and  the   nymphs.      O,  Virgo:  tion,  or  purpose,  was  fized  upon  by,  kt, 

meaning  Opis,  Vix,     He  came  to  this  determination.  despe- 

637.  Chara :  referring  to  Camilla.  Mias  :  rate  indeed ;  but  nothin?  better  presented 

virgines  is  understood.  with  difficulty,  in  spite  of  all  his  tender  fearv 

539.  Invidiam^  viresque  superbas,    David-  for  the  safety  of  his  child.     Saiit :  in  the 

■on  renders  these  words :  ^^  Invidious  mea-  sense  ofjixa  est, 

sures,  and  insolent  abuse  of  power.^'     His  553.  Cocto :  hardencd  in  the  fire. 

tyrannical  and  oppressive  government  ez-  555.  Cireumligat :    he   binds    tbe  mfant 

cited   tlie   hatred  of  his  subjocts,  who,  by  easy  (so  as  not  to  hurt  her)  to  the  midJle 

force  of  arms,  drove  him  from  his  throne.  of  the  spear :    having  previously  eivclosed 

Privemum  was  the  name  of  his  city.  the  child  in  bark  and  sylvan  cork,  to  secure 

541.  Praliabelli:  contontions — strifes  of  her  from   injury.     Implica/ '    Rusus  vays. 

war.     In  the  sense  of  eertamina  beUi,     Ru-  alligat, 

wvui  says,  pugnas  belli,  558.    Ipse  pater,     This   is  said,  because 

fi^i»  Longa:  inthe  Mnee  of  hn^  peetta  none  but  the  father  had  a  right  to  devote 


iENRTS.    LIB;XI. 


S5t 


Tela  tenens  supplez  hoetem  fugit :  accipe,  testor, 
DlTa,  tuam,  qusB  nunc  dubiis  committitur  auris 
Dixit :  et  adducto  contortum  hastile  lacerto 
Immittit :  sonudre  undae  :  rapidum  super  amnem 
Inielix  fbgit  in  jaculo  stridente  Camilla. 
At  Metabus,  magnA  propius  jam  urgente  catervft, 
Dat  sese  fluvio,  atque  hastam  cum  virgine  victor 
Gramineo,  donum  Trivie,  de  cespite  velUt. 
Non  illum  tectii  uUcb,  non  mcenibus  urbes 
Accep^ro :  neque  ipse  manus  feritate  dedisset ; 
Pftstorum  et  aolis  exegit  montibus  cevum. 
Hic  natam  in  dumis  interque  borrentia  lustra, 
Armentalis  equse  mammis  et  lacte  ferino 
Nutribat,  teneris  immulgens  ubera  labris. 
Utque  pedum  primis  infans  vestigia  plantifl 
Institerat,  jaculo  palmas  oneravit  acuto ; 
Spiculaque  ex  humero  parv»  suspendit  et  arcum. 
Pro  crinali  auro,  pro  longas  tegraine  pallas, 
Tigridis  exuvias  per  dorsum  k  vertice  pendent. 
Tela  manu  jam  tum  tenerft  puerilia  torsit, 
Et  Amdam  tereti  circum  caput  egit  habeni, 
Stiymoniamque  gruem  aut  album  dejecit  olorem. 
MultsB  illam  frustrk  Tyrrhena  per  oppida  matres 
Optav^re  nurum  :  sol4  contenta  Diani, 
^temum  telorum  et  virginitatis  amorem 
Intemerata  colit.     Vellem  haud  correpta  fuisset 
Hiiitii  tali,  conata  lacessere  Teucros ! 
Chara  mihi,  comitumque  foret  nunc  una  meanim. 
Verum  age,  quandoquidem  fatis  urgetur  acerbis, 
Labere,  Nympha,  polo,  finesque  invise  Latinos, 

NOTES. 


600 


665 


670 


673.  Plantis  pedttm 


676 


680 


584.    Ego  vellein  «tf 

686  ^^^^  *»*"^ 

686.  Foret  chara  mihi, 

unaque 

587.    Vehlun    a|^,  O 

nympha 


children  to  the  fenrice  of  the  god»,  And 
Hhoae^  who  were  thoa  devoted,  were,  by  the 
Latins,  called  CamiUL    I  tbe  fkther  devote, 

559.  Fugit  hoMUms  eacapes  from  the  enemy. 

560.  Aur%9 :  in  the  lenM  of  ventit. 

563.  Injaeulo  :  upon  the  whizxing  spear. 

566.  CeMpite :  iii  the  eenae  of  ripa.  Tri> 
iitf  •*  a  name  of  Diana.  See  Ecl.  iv.  10. 
t)0num:  the  infant  bound  to  the  «pear;  a 
^eeent  or  (ri^  to  Diana. 

567.  Non  uIUb  urbeo:  no  citiee  received 
lim,  d&c 

568.  Neque  ipoe :  nor  woold  he  have  given 
lifl  hand,  (accepted  the  invitation,)  on  ac 
Mmnt  of  his  aavage  nature,  choosing  rather 
o  iiihabit  the  mountaii»  and  wood^. 

569.  JEvum  :  in  the  sense  of  vitam 
571.  Mammia:  the  breaat,  or  teata  of  a 

HTooding  mare— of  one  belonging  to  the 
lard,  or  drove  of  marea  kept  for  breeding. 
[n  thit  solitary  retreat,  did  Metabut  bring 
a|»  hifl  infant  daughter  upon  the  milk  of  a 
^rooding  mare,  milking  the  teata  into  her 
tendor  lipe.    This  ia  a  beautiful  picture  of 

^^00181  care  and  aifaction.    Lacte  ferimo, 
lia  la  *he  same  with  the  milk  of  the  animai 


juat  mentioned.  Ferino:  an  adj.  from  firuM 
which  Bometimes  signifies  a  horse,  or  other 
domestic  animal. 

573.  Primio:  in  tbe  eeme  of  pritna,  to 
agree  with  veatigia  :  or  in  the  senM  of  pri- 
miim :  and  aa  aoon  as  the  child,  dLc. 

575.  FarviB:  ofthechild. 

576.  Crinali  awro.  Rueus  says,  aureo 
omatu  eapUlorum,  It  maj  be  a  clasp  to 
biud  and  adjust  the  hair,  or  a  nct.work 
wom  oyer  the  hair  to  keep  it  in  order; 
either  of  which  ma^  be  considered  a  mark 
of  effeminacy  and  luzury.  Camilla  was  not 
ao  adorned.  The  tkin  of  a  tiger  waa  the 
only  ornament  of  her  head. 

577.  Exuvi<B  :  the  tkin  of  a  tiger  hangii,  ^. 

578.  Puenlia:  hght,  Kuch  aa  are  suiied 
to  the  itrength  of  children. 

579.  Egitfundam:  she  whirled  tlie  slin^ 

584.  Intemerata :  she,  pure  and  unpoi. 
luted,  conteut  with  Diana  alone,  cheriHlied 
a  perpetual  love,  6lc,  Slie  had  no  incliniition 
to  taste  the  pleasures  of  the  conju;ra)  state. 

585.  Tali  militid  :  with  the  love  of  such 
a  war,  atteinpting,  Slc. 

587.  Acaroia  .*  in  the  sense  of  erudelibui^ 


Kft:  P-  TIRa&LlI  MiAiBGMIS 

Tristis  ubi  iDfausto  committitur  OBune  pi^gM 

690.  Ct^B  h0c  tela      HflBC  capCf  ot  ultiicem  phareir&.deproa»  «igittai 

Hftc,  quicunque  sacrum  vioUkrit  mJaeiecorpufl, 
692.  SU-ne  Troi  Ita^  Tros  ItalusYet  mihi  pariter  dot  saQgukiepafnas. 
eno  M-'  _   .      .    .  Pdst  ego  nube  cavA  miseraiMiiB  corpas  et^amia 
^  ^    Inspoliate  feram,  tumuk>  pajtri8»que<repoiiam. 

695.  At  illa  Opii  de-  Diait :  at  ilhi  levea  ooeli  delapsa  per  aiiraa 
lapaa  Insonuit,  nigro  circum^ata  turbiae  'Corpue. 

696.  CircumdaU9iioa(2      ^t  manus  interek  muria  Trojana  {Hnopiaquat,  . 
^^^  Etrusciquo  ducea,  equituBique  exeroitus.omiiis,  , 

Compositi  numero  in  turmaa.  Freinit  asquore  tp 
Insultans  sQiupee,  et  preasit  pygnatbabeiiiB, 
Huc  obversus  et  hue :  tura  lat^  fevreue  haatia 
Horret  ager ;  campique  armis  aublimibus  ardeoh 
Nec  non  Messapus  pontri^  celereaque  Latini,  , 
£t  cum  fratre  Coras^  et  virginis  ala.  CamillaB,  >• 
Adversi  oampo  apparent :  hastasque  reductis  p 
Protendunt  longd  dextris,  et  spicula  vibranl :  n 
Adventusque  virCun,  fremitusque  ardescit  equonoi 
006.  Uterqae  ere7¥t/ui  Jamque  intra  jactum  teli  progressus  uten|ue'  • 
proareMns  Substiterat:  subito  erumpunt.ctamore,  fcementaa 

Bxhortantur.  equos :  fbndunt  simul  uodique  tehi 
Crebra,  nivis  ritu,  ooolumque  obteautur  umbrft. 
Continud  adversis  Tyrrhenus  et  acer  Acoateus  - 

NOTE&  - 

689«  Infa%u(o :  inauspicionp — ^unlucky.  602.  Horret  ager  :  &n  iron  fiel4  ( 

590.     Cape  hac :    take    these    weapons.  Sublimibus :  raised  high. 

While  she  is  thus  speaking,  Diana  gives  to  603.  Celeret  Latini :  the  ligbUa 

Opis  her  quivcr  of  arrows,  and  directs  her  tins.     These  were  more  nimble, 

to  draw  frorn  it  one,  which  should  bc  fatal  motions   quicker,   than   those  wh 

to  auy  person  that,  during  the  engagement,  heavy  arms. 

niight  violate  the  sacred  body  of  Camilla.  604.  jila.     This  word  signifie» 

691.  Sacrum  corpus :  the  sacred  body  of  ofourarmy.  Also,  troops  in  gei» 
Camilla.  Hde :  witli  this  arrow.  Sagitta  tho  cavalry  of  Camilla.  Theee  alJ 
18  understood.  on  the  plain,  opposite   to  the  T; 

593.  Misernndai :   laraentcd,  or  unhappy  Tuscan  troops. 
virgin.     Virgtnii  vel  CamilltB^VB  plamly  to         606.  Pro/<»tdt«n/:  they  extendtj 

be  supplied.  with   their  hands   drawn   far  bti 

5^)4.  Inspoliata :  safe — untouched  by  the  draw  thoir  arms  for  back«  tbat 

enemj — not  taken  away  by  them.   The  god-  give  a  greater  force  to  the  daf 

dess  hcre  promises  to  bear  ofF  the  body  of  interprets  protendurU  by  immitivM 

her  favoritc  maid,  together  with  her  armor,  not  correct.     They  have  nol  comi 

entire  and  untouchcd  ;   and   redtore  her  to  6ght  as  yet.     In  this  menacing  m 

her  own  country  for  burial.  ready  to  discharge  them  upon  1 

This  episodc  is  finely  contrived.     Just  as  the  combatants  advance  tn  thc  cl 
wc  supposed  the  hostile  troops  were  to  com-         607.  ^dcentus :  the  advance  o 

.nence  the  work  of  death,  the  poet  suspends  and  the  neighing  of  the  horsea,  ( 

thcir  opcrations,  aiid  relates  the  birth  and  and  more  fierce.    Astheanniesi 

tiducation  of  Camilla;  who  was  destined  to  each  other,  we  raay  suppose  thei 

perform  the  moHt  distinguished  part  in  the  creased,  and  the  neighing  of  the 

military  operations^f  the  day.  came  loudcr.     Mr.  Davjdson  ob 

597.  Maniu :  in  the  sense  of  mititet  vel  venttis  is  a  feeble  word  to  expresi 

ai!:men.  ments  of  an  army,  just  on  the  poi 

599.  Compositi :  arranged  into  battalions,  battle. 

in  order  of  battle.  610.  Exhortantur :  in  theson 

600.  Pugnat :  he  resists  (struggles  against)     tant. 

fhe  tight  drawn   rcigns,  turning,  &c.     He         611.    Ritu  nivis :    afXer   Ihe 
wishes  no  reatrauvt — -Viq    deaVraa  VoQiAwed    anow — thick  as  the  flakes  of  sno' 
reins  '««n)^  ^'«ikswQ»^    ^q  thick  w&s  tl 


) 


iENEIS.    IJB.  XI. 


CSomBzi  iDeiimml  Imsds,  primique  roinBm 
IHudt  sonitu  ingepti,  perfractaque  quadrupedantum 
l^tora  pectoribua  rumpunt.     Excuasus  Acontena 
Fulminis  in  morem,  aut  tormento  ponderis  acti, 
Pr»cipitat  longd,  et  vitam  dispergit  in  auras. 
Xiztempl6  turiMitn  acies ;  versique  Latini 
Rejiciunt  parmas,  et  equoa  ad  mcenia  vertnnt. 
Tto^  agunt ;  prineeps  turmaa  inducit  Asylas. 
Jamque  propinquabant  portis :  nirsi^sqne  Latini 
y    Ckmorem  tollunt,  et  mollia  colla  refiectunt : 
£. Hi  fbgiunt,  penitdaqoe  datis  referuntur  habenis. 
^^Qual»  ubi  ahemo  procurrena  gurgite  pontus 
-^     Mmc  ruit  ad  terraa,  acopulosque  superjacit  undara 
'_£.  Bmimeus,  extremamque  sinu  perfundit  arenam  : 
j^  Nuno  rapidus  retrd,  atque  estu  revoluta  resorbens 

tufhuca,  fugiti  litusque  vftdo  labente  relinquit. 
r%B  Tusci  Rutulos  eg^re  ad  moenia  versos : 
■^.  Mi  rejecti  armis  respectant  terga  tegentes. 
^      Tertia  sed  postquam  congressi  in  pnelta,  totaa 
" '    loiplicu^re  inter  se  acies,  legitque  virum  vir. 

NOTES. 


61JI 


618.  Aoita  Latin&nm 
turbaUe  naU 

620 

022.  MoUifc<ollaiyii# 
rum 

623.  H^  luii^e,  Tlo- 
J«ni  fugiunt  tnvtccm 
o95      624.  QuaUa  ubi  poa. 
tus   procurrens    altavno 
gurgite 


690     630.  Ruiuli  hia  iif^itoU 
retpect&nt  Tuteot 


iuia,  thal  thoj  intercepted  tbe  ray«  of  tbe 


'W 


613.  Rfdnam:  onwV— charge.    Imptttan^ 
ly*  Ro«U8. 

t\4»  Perfraeta :  dashed — ^broken.    QkoJ- 
in  the  eenfle  of  equorum, 
5.  RtuKpunt  ptetora :  they  almost  rive 
breasti  of  their  horeee,  dashed  against 
other — they  ruah  their  horsefl  breast  to 
afainflt  oach  other,  with  tuch  impe- 
itjfUiat  they  almoflt  iplit,  or  rived  them. 
e  flayfl,  perfringunt. 
fn  moremfutminit :  Aconteufl,  thrown 
lufl  horfle  with  the  velodty  of  light- 
,,  or  of  a  weight  thrown  by  an  engine. 
ifl  an  eztravagant  hyperhole.    Prcrct- 
:  in  tlft  flenee    of  prwcipitaiur :    ifl 
mn^  at  a  distance. 
g19.  Raieiunt  pannat :  they  tumed  their 
"         behind  them.    Thifl  wafl  to  secure 
againflt  the  miflflive  weapons  of  the 
In  their  retreat    Thie  manner  of 
g,  and  then  faoing  aboiit,  wae  accord- 
_  to  the  rulefl  of  fightmg  witb  the  cavalry, 
J^mctifled  by  the  Komanfl.    ' 
Ao.  ^gunt :  in  the  flenee  of  inttant  vel 

MotHa:  obedientr— flubmiflflive  to  the 

Penitut:  funj— whollj.       Rueue 

awmini»    It  ifl  to  be  connected  with 

The  Trojanfl    retreat  (are  carriud 

J  at  full  flpeed— «fl  faet  as  their  horeefl 

them. 

•oeurrent  aitemo :  Tolling  forward 
•lt«mate  flurgefl.  Pontus:  in  the  sense 
piirfifft  flajfl  Hejne.  Rusqs  sayfl  mare. 
rtlieB  he  takefl  the  poet  here  to  have 
to  tlw  ebb  aad  iow  of  the  tide. 


Thifl,  alflo,  ifl  the  flenae  given  to  the 
by  Davidflon.    Heyne  and  Valpy  refor  it  io 
.  the  moving  of  a  waye,  or  surge,  against  tho 
■hore. 

626.  iSttu  perfundii :  and  wasbefl  the 
margin  (or  edge)  of  the  shoro  with  its  curl- 
ing  waves.  Serviufl  ezplainfl  iinu,  bv  eur-^ 
vatione  et  fiexUy  the  curling  and  windinff  of 
the  wavea.  It  flignifies  the  expanded  flkirta, 
or  volumee  of  water,  into  which  the  flowinf 
flea  stretchofl  iteelf  further  and  further  on 
the  flhore,  and  overflpreade  the  beach  like  a 
garment. 

627.  Aique  retorbent :  and  flucking  in  the 
rockfl,  rolled  back  with  its  tide,  retroata 
backward.  Rapidut:  in  the  senfle  of  eekf 
vel  prttcept. 

628.  Fado:  in  the  flense  of  Jluetu  vol 
undd,  The  flurge,  or  wave,  de^i*ing,  or 
going  back,  leayefl  the  sliore,  untd  another 
flurge  flucceedfl.  The  retreat  of  tho  water 
from  the  flhore  ie  firequently  flo  rapid,  that 
it  carriefl  along  with  it  stonefl  and  other 
fluhfltances  that  lie  on  the  shore.  To  thie 
the  poet  here  alludes.  But  Hojne  takes 
taxa  revoluta  otttL,  &c.  to  imply,  that  tha 
waves  passed  over,  or  through  the  rock,  in 
approaching  and  retreating  from  the  shore : 
per  qwejtuetut  vel  unda  recoTvitur^  sajs  het 

630.  Retpeeiattt:  thej  see  the  enemj 
covering  their  backs  with  their  flhieldai 
The  plain  meaning  ia,  that  the  Latine  put 
the  Tuflcans  to  flight  in  tum :  thej  eee  tha« 
covering  their  backfl  with  their  flhioldfl. 

631.  Teriia  prmlia:   the  third 
the  third  time  thej  engaged. 

632.  /n»liculre :  Vn  Vlci^  iwma  «*( 
erunt.    Tnej  enfcafed  Vn  ^J^oe»  ^!?^ . 


550  P-  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

033'   GemHiifl   mori-  Tuin  verd  et  gemitus  monentOm  ;  et  sanguine  in  alto 
amam  audnmtuf  Armaque,  corporaque,  et  permisticaede  virorum 

Semianimes  volvuntur  equi :  pugna  aspera  surgit      (! 
Orsilochus  Remuli,  quando  ipsum  horrebat  adir^, 
Hastam  intorsit  equo,  ferrumque  sub  aure  reliquit. 
dStt.  Jactot  crun  alu,  Quo  sonipes  ictu  furit  arduus,  altaque  jactat, 
P®*^**  Vulneris  impations,  arrecto  pectore  cnira. 

«40.  IUe  Remulut  ex-  Volvitur  ille  excussus  humi.     Catillus  lolam,  $ 

"^h  "c^Ullu.   dejicit  J"g?".^5|q"^ .^^i-nwi  'mgentem  corpore  et  armis 
lolwn,     Hermiiiiamque  ^^?^^\  Henninium :  nudo  cui  vertice  fulva 
ingentem  Csesaries,  nudique  humeri :  nec  vulnera  terrent : 

64!^  Cui   erai  fnlya  Tantus  in  arma  patet.     Latos  huic  hasta  per  armot 
oBsaries  in   nudo  ver-  Acta  tremit,  duplicatque  virum  transfiza  dolore.        I 
tioe,  iiumerique  erani      Punditur  ater  ubique  cruor :  dant  funcra  ferro 

Certantes :  pulchramque  petunt  per  vulnera  mortam. 
At  medias  inter  caedes  exsuitat  Amazon, 

649.  Amazon,  nempe  Unum  exserta  latus  pugnae,  pharetrata  CamilUu 
Camilla  pharetrata  ex-  r»*  i     .  '    ^  u     *ir     j         -.  t 

■oitat,  exseru  guoad       ^^  T^^^G  lenta  manu  spargens  hastilia  denset,  I 

Nunc  validam  dextrft  rapit  indefessa  bipennem. 
Aureus  ex  humero  sonat  arcus,  et  amuf  Diane 
Illa  etiam,  si  quando  in  tergum  pulsa  recessiti 
Spicula  converso  fugientia  dirigit  arcu. 
655»Ai  dreum  eam^  ^j  circum  lectae  comites,  Larinaque  virgo,  ( 

Tullaque,  et  aeratam  quatiens  Tarpeia  aecurim« 

NOTES. 

636.  Horrehat  adire :  he  feared  to  attack  Tumebug  approvee.      Othore  read   4 

him.     7\meret^  says  Ru8bur.  catque^  rirum  trantfixox  dolorem. 

638.  Jactat  crura :  The  meaning  is,  that         647.  Certantes  :  a  part,  of  the  verb  t 

hiti  horse  fearcd  upon  his  hind  fcet^  throw-  taken     ae    a    sub.      The  combatante- 

ing  his  fore  feet,  and  beating  the  air  with  contending  arraiee. 
them.     In  doing  this,  he  threw  his  rider.  649.    Exserta   unum    laitu  pugns : 

642.  Dejicit :   in  the  sense  of  prostemit.  right  side  was  naked,  and   disengagei 

Cui:  in  tlio  scnse  of  cujtu.     So  huic :   for  action,  (^pugna^  but  her  left  was  incus 

hujus^  644.  infra.     Vertice :  in  the  sense  of  ed    with    her  bow,  and    half-m<v)n  al 

capite.     His  yoUow  hair  waved   upon   his  Such    a   shield   the    Amazone   wore. 

naked  head.  pugncR  may  signify  the  attacke  of  the  ea 

644.  Patet  tantus :  so  great  he  stands  Thcn  the  sense  will  be :  that  she  had 
opposed  to  arms.  This  is  the  sense  given  side  (to  wit,  the  right,)  ezposed  to  tlie 
to  the  words  by  Davidson ;  who  observes,  my,  whilo  the  other  was  covered  witl 
that  Servius,  and  most  coramentators  afler  shield ;  which  preparee  the  reader  fei 
him,  understand  the  words  to  mean :  that  circumstance  mentioned  afierwards,  o 
he  stood  so  large  a  mark  expohd  to  the  darts  receiving  her  mortal  wound  in  this  pe 
of  the  enemy.  But  this  is  so  far  from  being  her  body.  Cfmilla  i«  here  called  an  j 
a  reason  for  his  not  being  afraid,  that  it  is  zon,  because.  she  was  armed  like  oi 
a  strong  reason    why   he  should   be.     /n,  them. 

may  be  taken  in  the  sense  of  contra.  650.  Spargens  :   this    ezpresses,  ai 

645.  Acta:  in  thesenseof  tmmiwa;  agree-  as  denset^  the  rapjuity  with  which  A 
iittr  with  hasta.  Transfixa:  passing  through  peated  her  throws.  She  scatterGd  her 
his  shouldcrs,  doubles  the  man  with  the  lins  thick  un  every  sidc.  Spargit  t 
pain  of  the  wound.     The  pain  inflicted  by  says  Heyne. 

the  spoar  was  so  grcat,  that   ho   wos  no  652.  Arma :  in  the  sense  of  sa^ltm 

longer  ablo  to  maintain  an  erect  posture.  653.  /n  tergum :  backward :   in  the 

RuGBiiu  says,  incurt^at  fiominem.  of  retrh. 

The   reading   above    is  that  of    Heyne,  654.  Spicula :   the    winged    arrowi 

founded  upon  the   Romaix^  Medicean^  and  her   invertcd   bow.      She   turued   hei 

ithor    MSS.    of    antiquity,  and    gcnerally  over  her  shoulder,  and  in  thal    positie 

adoptcd   by    modcm  edvlora.     Some   read  charged  her  winged  arrow  upon  the  • 

tlupllcatque  tnri    iran^fixa  dolorenu     'YVvv»  \ti  \\\v%  ^^tv^^r  the    PaithiaDa  coa^ 


^EIS.    LIB.  XI.  rf5t 

\ :  quas  ipsa  decus  sibi  dia  Cainilla  657.  Offmf  f  IuImIot. 

L,  paciifque  bonas  bellique  ministras.  S'>"  dia  Camilla  ipm 

Threiciae,  ciim  flumina  Thermodontis  SSil^e  ^*^"* 

t,  et  pictis  bellantur  Amazones  armis ;  660  ™"""'*^"® 

x:um  Hippolyten ;  seu  ciim  se  Martia*curru 
silea  refert;  magnoque  ululante  tumultu 
lea  exsultant  lunatis  agmina  peltis. 
m  telo  primum,  quem  postremum,  aspera  virgo,         664.  O  aspeni  nifo 

?  aut  quot  humi  morientia  corpora  fundis  ?      665 
ium  Clytio  primiim  patre ;  cujus  apertum  666.  Prioiiim  mle^^ 

i  longi  transverberat  abiete  pectus.  Eumenium  naium 

nis  ille  vomens  rivos  cadit,  atque  cruentam 

humum,  moriensque  suo  se  in  vulnere  versat. 

irin  Pagasumque  sup^r :  quorum  alter,  habenas        670.    Turo    intei^fieU 
0  revolutus  equo  dum  colligit ;  alter  67 1  Lirin,  Pagtsomque  eu* 

ibit,  ac  dextram  labenti  tendit  inermem,  Pf^  ^^te  "!Il  .^"T" 

ites  pariterque  ruunt.     His  addit  Amastrum  J^  ^J^  "*'** '  ******* 

aden  :  sequiturque  incumbens  eminus  bastA 
ue,  Harpalycumque,  et  Demophoonta,  Chromim- 
e :  676 

le  emissa  manu  contorsit  spicula  virgo ; 
rygii  cecid^re  viri.     Procul  Omytus  amus 

,  et  equo  venator  lapyge  fertur :  678.  Venator  Oioytiifl 

lis  latos  humeros  erepta  juvenco  fertur  m  ignotae 

nn  operit ;  caput  ingens  oris  hiatus,  680 

R  texere  lupi  cum  dentibus  albis ; 

NOTES. 

reat;  which  tbe  poet  here  hae  in  hii        670.  Stmhr :  in  the  eenee  ofprmtered:  be> 

■ide— in  additton  to  thoee  before  mentioned. 
'talidet:  It&liui  nympht.  671.  RevoitUut :  hXiing  beckward  frooi 

^onat:  «kilful — ezpert.  hit  wounded  horM,  whilev&c 
^umina :  the  riyer,  put  by  meton.        672.  Labenti :  to  him  falling — to  hb  fiUI- 

«nke  of  the  river.    They  beat  the  inj^  friend. 

0  as   to  make  the  river  resound.        673.  Pariter :  at  the  eame  time — hofh  at ' 
fofi/ii :  gen.  of  Tliermodon,  a  river  once  f&ll  to  the  ground.    Ruunt :  in  the 
ce,  the  country  s&id  to  have  been  eense  of  eadunt, 

d  by  the  Aroazons.  674.  Ineumbent:  in  the  sense  of  peiene 

^ie/ii  armu :  with  party>coIored,  or  vel  inttant,    The  nrople  meaning  of  tht 

dd  arma.     Bellaniur:  in  the  nenee  expreesion  ie:  she  killed  theeo  men  aa  tbey 

tni,  atood  at  a  dietance  from  hor,  with  her  jave. 

Htppolyten,     Ilippolyte  wae  a  fa-  lins,  thrown  {|J|yiem.     Vir^l  had  an  admi* 

leen  of  the  Amazons.    It  is  said  she  rable  talent  fdB^arying  his  style   and  es* 

iquished  bv  Hercules.    PenthetUea  pression. 

1  queen  of  that  female  race.  She  678 /^notitarmit.*  arms  that  were  strange 
the  assistance  of  Priam  during  the  and  unusual  to  him.  lapyge,  for  laptffrin . 
war,  and  was  slain  by  Achilles,  or  en  adj.  from  lapyx^  the  son  of  Diedalua» 
t^arrhus.  See  ILn,  i,  491.  who  first  sottled  in  ApuUa :  Apulian.— 
Magnoque  uiuianie  :    wilh  a  loud  Fertur:  rides  along— moves  on. 

loise.  «  679.  Cui :  in  the  sense  ofeujut,    Jwoence  t 

junaOt  peiiit:  with  their  crescent  in  thesense  of  taiifo.    This  waa  some  wild 

-ehields  in  the  form  of  a  half  moon.  boll,  killed  by  the  hunter,  in  whose  hide  ha 

Itpera :  in  the  senee  of  Ifeiiieota,  had   dressed   himself.     Pugnatori :   put    in 

^ndit:  in  the  eenee  of  ttemU,  apposilion  with  juveneo,    Heyne  says,   syi. 

f«f/« :  for  ahiete:  the  fir  tree-any  vettri-^m  quo  pugnaverat, 
sde  of  the  wood  of  that  tre^a        680.  Ingene  kiatue  :  lit.  the  large  openmg 

javelin  of  that  wood.    Adverti:  an  <>^*he  mouth,  and  the  jaws  of  a  wolf  wtth 

Beinf  with  ewue:  riffht  againit—  ^hite  teeth,  covered  his  head.     HU  VnwA. 

to--4a  ftvBt  A  ^**  Govei%d  n i^  tba  m\m  UAwa.  xiowk.  ^te 


^  P.  VIRGILII  MARONIS 

736.  At  vot  non  esHt  At  non  in  Venerem  degnes,  nocturnaque  belUu        7 
"V^  Aut,  ubi  curva  choros  indixit  tibia  Bacchi, 

Expectare  dapes,  et  plenie  pocula  mensae, 
739.    Hic    est  vater  ^Hic  amor,  hoc  studium^  dum  sacra  secundus  mefm 
amor,  hoc  est  veitrum      Nuntiet,  ac  lucos  vocet  hoelia  pinguis  in  altoa.         ? 

Haec  eiTatus,  equum  in  medios  moriturus  et  ipse 
Concitat,  et  Venulo  adversum  se  turbidus  infert ; 
Dereptumque  ab  equo  dextrft  complectitur  hostem, 
744.  Aafort  Fenulum  £t  gremium  ante  suum  multi  vi  concitus  aufert 
inte  8uum  Tollitur  in  coelum  clamor,  cunctiqne  Latini 

Convert^re  oculos.  Volat  igneus  aK{uore  Tarchoa 
Arma  virumque  ierens :  tum  summ4  ipsius  ab  bastl 
Defringit  ferrum,  et  partes  rimatur  apertas, 

749.  lUe  Fenuliu        Quk  vulnus  lotale  ferat.     Contr^  ille  repugnans 

Sustinet  k  jugulo  dextrani,  et  vim  viribus  exit 
761.  Utqne  ciim  ftilva  Utque  volans  altd  raptum  c6m  fulva  draconem 

■i|iula  volan»  alt^  fert     Yert  aquila,  unplicuitque  pedes,  atque  unguibus  bsii 

Saucius  at  serpens  sinuosa  volumina  versat^ 
Arrectisque  horret  squamis,  et  sibilat  ore, 
765.  nia  a^Ua  haud  Arduus  insurgens :  illa  haud  mini^  urget  adunco 

*"°  Luctantem  rostro  ;  simui  asthera  verberat  alis. 

Haud  aliter  praedam  Tiburtum  ex  agmine  Tarchoa 
Portat  ovans.     Ducis  exemplum  eventumque  seculi 
MoeonidflB  incumint.     Tum  fatis  debitus  Aruns 
Velocem  jaculo  et  multk  prior  arte  Camillam 

NOTES. 

• 

tamenesfl  with  which  they  endured  the  ty-  755.    Urget :  the  more  the  snake 

ranny  of  Mezentius,  and  patiently  submit-  glcs,  and  endeavora  to  extricate  itse 

ted  to  it  till  it  became  past  enduranco ;  and  closer  does  the  eagle  gripe  it  in  hii 

now  tliey  are  not  ashamed   to   tum  their  and  crooked  beak :  just  ao  Tarchofl 

backs  before  a  woman.     Oerimus.     This  is  off  Venulus  in  his  tenacious  grasp.    ' 

the  reiiding  of  Heyne,  and  is  found  in  the  tum :    the  saine   with    Vennlum.    H 

bcst  MSS.     RuceuB  rcads  geriiis.  commander,  and  a  principal  man  amo 

736.  Venerem :  in  ihe  scnse  of  voluptaiem  Tiburtines.  Their  city  waa  calleJ 
vcl  cupidincm.  situatcd,  some  saj^  about  tw*entj  mila 

737.  Indixit :  prociaimed — appointed.  of  the  place  whcre  Rome  was  at\i 
739.    Secundut :  favorable— propitious. —     builU     It  was  founded  by  T\hurtuSy  t 

The  pcrson  who  predicted  future  events  by  of  Amphiaratu.     See  SLn.  vii.  630. 

inspticting  thc  entrails  of  victims,  was  called  759.  Mctonida:  the  Tuscans.     Tl 

araspex.     When  ihe  auspices  were  favora-  here  so  called,  because  their  ancetl 

ble.  lie  was  callod  teeundus,     Afler  tho  an-  moved  from  Mctonia^  a  country  of  A 

nounccmcnt  of  the  auspices,  the  fcast  im-  nnrf   and   settled   in    Italy.     Jiruna 

mediately   followed.     SacrtH.     Ruaeus  says  falis :  Aruns  devoted  to  death.    It 

eacrijicia.     Davidson,  sacred  rites.  of  him,  because  he  waa  to  kill  Camil) 

742.  Turbxdus :  in  the  sense  of  acer.  whoever  killcd  her,  forfeited  his  life 

743.  Compleciitur :  he  grasps  in  his  right  ana,  by  a  dccree  of  that  goddess.  S 
hand.  supra.     Incurrunt :  in  the  sense  of  t 

744.  .^nte  suum  gremium :  in  the  Bense  Fatis :  in  the  sense  of  mortu 

of  ante  sc.  760.    Circuit :   he  goes  around  ( 

746.  l^neus:  in  tho  sense  of  ardens.  for  the  purpose  of  discovering  soroc 

7 18.  D  efringit /errum :  he  breaks  off  the  tected  place,  where  he  may  give  her  i 

tteol  from  the  end  of  his  spear,  so  tliat  he  wound.     He  follows   her  over  the 

could   do  him  no  injury.     Rimatur :  in  the  battle,  and  closely  observes  her  mov 

leiise  of  qucerit.    Partes :  the  exposed  part  ^d  continues  unobserved  by  her,  u 

of  his  throat.  fatal  moment  arrived.     She  was  in  * 

750.  Exit :  in  the  sense  of  avertit.  It  ia  suit  of  Chloreus^  and  intent  upon  bi 
here  usod  actively.  Suttinet :  in  the  sense  when  Aruns,  having  obseired  a  fi 
of  repellit.  opportunitj  to  effect  his  purpoee,  tl 

752.  Hasit :  and  gnpedYAmVxiViaXaltvcA*    «^as^  and  a  god  direetad  it  lo  tb 


iENElS.    UB.  XI.  j^l 

Clrcuit,  ct,  quae  sit  fortuna  facilliina,  tentat. 

Q:jA  86  cunque  furens  medio  tulit  agmine  virgo  ;  76t.  QnAciinqiie   fa 

HAn  Aruns  subit,  et  tacitus  vestigia  lustrat ;  '©"•  ^i»go  ^^^  ■• 

QuA  Tictriz  redit  illa,  pedemque  ex  hoste  reportat ; 

HHc  juvenis  furtim  celerca  detorquet  habenas.  766 

Hos  adituS)  jamque  bos  aditus,  omnemque  pererrat 

Undique  circuitum  ;  et  certam  quatit  improbus  hastam. 

Forte  sacer  Cybelae  Chloreus,  olimque  sacerdos, 
Iiisignis  longd  Phrygiis  fulgebat  in  armis : 

Bpumantemque  agitabat  equum  ;  quem  pellisahenis  770     770.  Quem  eTttimi  pef- 

In  plumam  squamis  auro  conserta  tegebat.  '*•  «on"»rta  ahenit  wiua- 
IpM,  peregnnft  ferrugme  clarus  et  ostro, 

Spicula  torquebat  Lycio  Gortynia  cornu  :  774^    A„„^    ^„,j^ 

Aureus  ex  humeris  sonat  arcus,  et  aurea  vati  774  ett  kuie  vati  in  eapitt 

Cassida :    tum    croceam    chlamdemque,  .sinusque  cre-     777.  Ille  erat  pictu» 
Carbaseos  fulvo  in  nodum  collegerat  auro,            [pantes  acu  <gioa^  tunicas 

Fictus  acu  tunicas,  et  barbara  tegmina  crurum.  prlfigerat^^T^oTrtm?.' 

Hunc  virgo,  sive  ut  templis  praefigeret  arma  tempTi»,   «ive    ut  verm- 

Troia,  captivo  sive  ut  se  ferret  in  auro  triz  ferret  se  in  captiv<« 

'  Venatrix,  unum  ex  omni  ccrtamine  pugnae  780  •ufOf   ceca    sequebatur 

Caeca  sequebatur  ;  totumque  incauta  per  agroen,  **"7m"°"c*        tand 

PTemineo  praBd»  et  spoliorum  ardebat  amore.  A,„ni,   tenl^^re   captH! 

Telum  ex  insidiis  cikm  tandem,  tempore  capto,  conjicit 

Conjicit,  et  Superos  Aruns  sic  voce  precatur :  785.  O  Apollo,  •umme 

Summe  De(im,  sancti  custos  Soractis,  Apollo,  786     "^®^-  ?'  .^  *"*  ^ 

Qucm  primi  colimus,  cui  pineus  ardor  acervo  [^J^*   ^"^  "^*^*   P*^ 
Pascitur :  et  medium  fireti  pietate  per  ignem 

N0TE8. 

Anaat  of  the  virgin  warrior.     Cireuit :  of  780.  Ex  emni :  Rueus  «ayi,  ex  omnihug 

turum  and  eo.  eertantilnu  in  pmiio,    Davidson,  ^  of  all  the 

761.  Fortuna:  time — opportunity.    Valpy  warring  chiefs.'*    In  this  case,  rer/ofnen  wilt 

lya,  ^Uhe  most  vulncrable  point — where  the  be  by  meton.  for  eertator  vel  bellator,     The 

iance  of  hitting  seemed  most  favorable."  meaning  ia,  that  she  singled  him  out  of  all 

166.  Pererrat :  ezamines — eurveya.     Ru-  the  combatante,  and  pursued  bim  over  the 

u  aays,  ftreurrit»    Aditut :  access— ap-  field  of  battle,  as  being  the  richest  prize,  and 

^roaches.  affording  the  most  valuable  spoils.     This 

767.  Cerlam :  unerring— certain.    Jmpro^  idea  is  expressed,  and  assigned  in  the  fol- 

kue :   with    wickod    design.    Ru»us    says,  lowing  lines,  as  the  reason  of  her  procedure. 

mtaiignut.  She  was  so  intent  upon  tho  booty  and  spoilfi, 

771.    Conttrta:    compacted,  or  fastened  that  she  forgot.her  perilous  situation.     She 

With  brazen  nails,  and  gold.     Inplumam:  did  not  perceive  Aruns,  nor  was  she  in  any 

fai  the  form  of  a  plume.    The  nails  were  so  way  apprized  of  his  desi^  against  her. 

pUoed  in  the  skin,  as  to  represent  the  figure  783.  Ex  ineidiis :  privately — or  from  his 

of  m  plume,  or  plumes ;  and  served,  in  scme  concealment. 

Aeasure,  as  defensive  krmor  for  the  horse.  785.  Soraetit,    Soractes  In  Soracte  was  a 

^72.  Peregrindferrugine :  in  foreign  blue  mountain  of  Etruria,  near  the  Tiber,  about 

and  purple.     Clarut:  in  the  senee  of  tplen-  twenty-siz  miles  north  of  tlje  place  where 

deni.  Rome  was  aflerward  builU     It  was  sacred 

773.  Gortynia :  an  adj.  from  Oortyna^  a  to  ApoUo ;   who  is  thence    called  Cuttot 

eitT  of  Crete.     Comu :  in  the  se^se  of  ami.  Sorattit, 

776.  Collegerat:  then  he  had  colleoted  786.  wfnler '  inthe  sense  of  ^u.  Cut. 
miM  Aafiron-colored  doak,  and  its  nistling  for  whom — in  honor  of  whom.  Ligni  is  to 
^lde  of  fine  linen,  into  a  knot  with  yellow  be  supplied  afVer  aeervo. 

gold.  1B7.  Fretipietatepremtmut^iLc.    Thiselr- 

777.  Pietut:  embroidered  as  to  his  tonle.  eumstance  is  iUustrated  from  an  historica) 
B^Mrbara  imnina :  the  foreign  coyerinfi  of  passage  in  Pliny,  lib.  7.  Haud  proeul  urbe 
hio  legB.    Tbeee  mmy  be  called  barbara^  be-  Romay  in  FaOteorum    agro^  /amiiim   tmni 

tbey  were  of  rbrygian  fiudiioii.  pauem,  qum  voeaniur  Hirpim:  911C  toc  '^  ' 

37 


1^2  **•  VIRGILO  MARONIS 

Cultores  mu1t4  premunus  vestigia  prun&  : 
Da,  pater,  hoc  nostris  aboleri  dedecus  armis^ 
Omnipotens  !  Non  exuvias,  pulssve  trophsuin        7! 
Virginis,  aut  spolia  ulla  peto.     Mihi  cietera  laudem 
798.  HaBo  dira  pestis  Facta  ferent.     Haec  dira  meo  dum  vulnere  pcstis 

CconiUa  Pulsa  cadat,  patriam  remeabo  inglorius  urbem. 

794.    PiicBbiu  audiit ;  Audiit,  et  voti  PhGebus  succedere  partem 

8t  dedit  Mente  dedit :  partem  volucres  disiiersit  in  auras.     ' 

Sterneret  ut  subit&  turbatam  morte  Camillam, 
797.  Annoit  iiU  oran-  Annuit  oranti :  reducem  ut  patria  alta  videret, 

**•  "^  Non  dedit ;  inque  Notos  vocem  vert^re  procellae. 

£rg6,  ut  missa  manu  sonitum  dedit  hasta  per  aunis,  i 
Convert6re  animos  acres,  oculosque  tulere 
HOl.  Ipaa  etf  nihil  mo-  Cuncti  ad  reginam  Volsci.     Ndiil  ipsa  neque  aurc, 

"*®'  Nec  sonitCks  memor,  aut  venientis  ab  aethere  teli ; 

Hasta  sub  exsertam  donec  perlata  papillam 
Haesit,  virgineumque  alte  bibit  acta  cruorem. 
Concurrunt  trepidse  comites,  dominamque  ruentem 
Suscipiunt.     Fugit  ante  omnes  exterritus  Aruns 
Lsetitii,  mixtoque  metu :  nec  jam  amplius  hastap 

4^!?^L«^«  «-"f«-II^I  Credere,  nec  telis  occurrere  virginis  audet. 

Dccito.  contciui  audaciB  Ac  velut  ille,  pnUs  qukm  tela  mimica  sequantur, 

facti,  continuo  ayius        Continud  in  montes  sese  avius  abdidit  altos, 

NOTES. 

annuo^  qtutdfit  ad  morUem  Soraetem  Apollini^  797.  Ma :  in  the  sense  of  clara  H 

mper  ambuslam  ligni  slmem  ambulantes  non  bilis, 

aduruntur.  798.  ProeellcR :  the  tempest    The  ' 

78H.  Multa  prund.     It  is  said,  so  manlfcst  propcrly   mcans  a   violent   storni  at 

waa  the  power  of  ApoIIo  here  displaycd,  J^otos :   hcre  taken  for  winds   in  gci 

that   his  priests   and   votarics   could    walk  properly  the  south  wind.     yocem:  i 

through  tho  midst  of  fire,  and  tread  iipon  sense  of  rer^a,  the  words  of  Aruns:  (U 

burniKg  coals,  without  rccciving   tho  Kjast  that  he  would  return  in  safctj  to  hu 

injury  from  the   flames.     VtsU^ia :   in  Ihe  country. 

senae  of  pedts,  801.  J^ihil :  in  the  sense  of  non. 

789.  Ilocdedecus:  this  disrrrace  of  fleeing  803.    Perlata  :    wal'led — borne.      8 

before  a  woman,  and  falling  undor  her  vic-  says,  vtnuris.     Sub :    deep    inlo  hcr  1 

torious  arm.  breast.     This  word  is  frcquently  uscd  i 

791.  Mihi:  in  the  sense  of  mea.  sensc  by  the  poet. 

792.  Dum:  provided  that — on  condition  80.5.  liuentcm:  in  ihe  sen^e  of  rtfA 
that.  Meo  vulnere :  in  the  st-nse  of  mea  806.  Exterritus  lcttitid:  struck — ali 
kasta.  Vulnus  is  frcquently  put  by  nieton.  with  joy,  and  mingled  fear  aboTc.  && 
for  tho  weapon  that  gives  the  wound.  Ru-  sensalion  was  joy  minj^^Ied  with  feal 
BBus  says,  vuljiere  a  me  injiicto.  rejoiced  tliat  hc  had  wounded  Camill: 

793.  Remenbo^  &c.  It  was  an  inplorious  at  the  sanie  time,  he  feared  the  vn 
act  in  Aruns  to  wound  Camilla,  in  that  pri-  weapons  of  the  Latins.  He  fled  iif 
vate  manner,  like  a  coward,  without  daring  ately.  Wc  may  observc  how  vrry  dil 
to  enter  the  list  with  her  in  fair  combat.  ly  tlie  poet  reprcsents  the  characlei 
He  was  sensible  of  this,  and  that  iie  would  actions  of  Camilla  and  Aruns.  Shea 
he  looked  upon  as  a  cownrd.  Neverlheless,  in  every  respcct  the  herome  ;  both  l 
he  was  willing  to  lie  under  tliat  disp^race,  in  action,  and  fearless  in  danjjcr:  ! 
provided  he  could  accomplish  his  wishes.  all  occasions,  showing  himsell"  the  e 

10').    Mtnte  dedii.       Phaibus   hcard   his  and  poltron.     Our  feelinjjs  are  intera 

prayer,  but  gave  no  external  indication  of  her  behalf :   and  we  regret,  since  sb 

his   purpose  concerning  it ;    or  else   Arims  doomed  to  fall,  thal  it  had  not  be« 

w  ould  have  been  deterred  from  the  action  :  nobler  arm. 

Ik-  jrranted  it  in  his  mind,  and  only  a  part  809.  Ille  lupus  :  and  as  a  wolf,  &c 

of  his  prayor,  not  the  whole.  is  used  ih  the  samo  sense,  ^a\.  x.  40 

7l»f).   Turbntam:  confused--in  a  state  of  vehit  illc  aper:  and  xii.  6.     lHvtio. 

porturbation.  810.  Jlvius:  alono  -  in  tccret 


I 


iENEIS.    T.IB.  XI.  56a 

Qcciso  pastore,  lupus,  magnove  juvenco, 

Conscius  audacis  facti :  caudamquc  remulcens 

Siibjecit  pavitantem  utero,  sylvasque  petint 

Haud  secilks  ex  oculis  se  turbidus  abstulit  Aruns, 

Contentosque  fugft  mediis  se  immiscuit  armis.  815 

Dla  inanu  moriens  telum  trahit :  ossa  sed  inter  816.  Illa  CamUla 

Ferreus  ad  costas  alto  stat  vulnere  mucro. 

Labitur  exsanguis ;  labuntur  frigida  leto 

Lumina :  purpureus  quondam  color  ora  reliquit 

Tum  sic  exspirans,  Accam,  ex  aequalibus  unam,         820 

Alloquitur,  fida  ante  alias  quaD  sola  Camillae,  821.    Qne  tola  em 

Quicum  partiri  curas  ;  atque  haec  ita  fatur :  ^*  ^*™^!*  "^^  ^^ 

Ilactonus,  Acca  soror,  potui :  nunc  vulnus  acerbum         **"  *'"'"  *° 

Conficit,  et  tenebris  nigrescunt  omnia  circiim. 

Efiuge,  et  haec  Tumo  mandata  novissima  perfer :        825 

Succedat  pugnae,  Trojanosque  arceat  urbe. 

Jamque  vale.     Simul  his  dictis  linquebat  habenas, 

Ad  terram  non  sponte  fluens.     Tum  frigida  toto  828.  lUa  6igi(la  pao- 

Paulatim  exsolvit  se  corpore,  lentaque  coila  i<^^™ 

Bt  captum  leto  posuit  caput,  arma  relinquens ;  830 

Vitaque  cum  gemitu  fugit  indignata  sub  umbras. 

Tum  ver6  immensus  surgens  ferit  aurea  clamor 
Bidera  :  dejectft  crudescit  pugna  CamiI14. 
Incumint  densi,  simul  omnis  copia  Teucrdm, 
Tyrrhenique  duces,  Evandrique  Arcadis  alae.  835 

At  Triviae  custos  jamdudum  in  montibus  Opis 
Alta  sedet  summis,  spectatque  interrita  pugnas. 
Utque  procul  medio  juvenum  in  clamore  furent<im 
Prospexit  tristi  multatam  morte  Camillam  ; 
Ingemuitque,  deditque  has  imo  pectore  voces :  840 

NOTES. 

813.  SubjecU  eaudam :  puts  hii  trembling  my  strength  hath  availed  me;  now,  &o. 

liil   between    hii  legs,   (under  his  belly,)  Cor\fieii :  in  the  senso  of  intexfidt.    Me  ia 

keeping  it  close.    Remuleent :  cherishing  it  understood. 

— fondly  iaking  care  of  it.  828.  Fluent :  in  the  sensc  of  labent. 

817.  Siai:  in  the  sense  ofharet,    Muero:  829.  Lenta  eolla :  sho  reclined  hor  droop- 
Ifao  |>oint — barb  of  his  spoar.  ing — lifoless  neck. 

818.  Labitur  exsanguit :  Donatus  roads,  830.  Captum:  overcome. 

§ttbiiur  ei  tanguit^  seemingly,  to  save  the        833.  Dgecta :  in  the  sense  of  oeeita  vol 

uipoarance  of  contradiction  in  the  narra-  inierfecia, 

tion:    for  Camilla  does  not  fall  from  her        834.  Ineurrunt:  rush  in  crowded  rankn 

horso,  till  some  time  afler  this,  verse  827.  upon  the  enemy. 

But  labitur  does  not  necessarily  imply  that        835.  Alat :  in  tho  sense  of  equites. 

the  fell  to  tho  ground ;  but  she  faints,  or        836.  Drivim,    This  is  a  name  of  Dia*ia ; 

•inks  down,  being  supported  perhaps  on  her  either  because  shc  presided  ovcr  Trivia^  t  ho 

borse,  by  her  attendants,  for  some  minutes.  crossways ;   or,  because  shc  was  fabled  to 

Davidson.  have  three  forms.     She  was  called  Luna  m 

819.  ^uondam  :  sQon  al\or — presently.  heaven,  Diana  on  the  carth,  and  Hecate  in 
Ora:  in  the  sense  of  ru//iim.  She  became  hcll.  Opit:  a  nymph  of  Diana^s  train.  Shf) 
psle,  and  her  eyes  became  cold  in  death.  is  calledf  thorefore,  custos  in   tlie  senbo  of 

822.  ^uicum :  thc  abl.  for  qudcum :  with  comet  ve!  famuia,     She  was  appoinkd  by 

«rtiom.  Diana  to  avenge  any  injury  donp  to  Cu- 

0S3,  Potui,     Servius  supposes  trtrffre  vel  milla,  upon  the  author  of  it.    She,  thcreforo, 

tignare    to  be  undcrstood.      Ruieus  and  hastcns  to  kill  Aruns. 

eync  supply  pugnare,    La  Cerda,  David-  839.  Muliaiam  :  in  the  sense  of  tii/f  ^<i;- 

ofif  and  Valpy,  take  it  absolutely.     Haeie'  tam.     Rusus  says,  c^ffeeiam, 

potui:  hitherto  I  bavo  been  powerful —  840.  Dedit:  in  the  senso  of  emitat. 


5M  P<  VIKGIL.]!  HARONIS 

Heu !  nimium,  virgo,  nimium  crudele  luiad 
843.  TVi  O  Tiigo,  lui>ti  Supplicium,  Teucros  conata  laceasere  bcUo  I 
""^**^  Nec  tibi  desertae  in  dumb  coluisse  Dianam 

Profuit,  aut  nostras  humero  gessisse  pharetrao. 
Non  tamen  indecorem  tua  te  regina  relinquet  84i 

1146  Hoc  fimai  letnm  Extrem&  jam  in  niorte  :  neque  hoc  sine  nomine  Irtum 

Per  gentes  erit,  aut  fiimam  patieria  inults. 
Nam  quicunque  tuum  yiolavit  vulnere  corpus, 
849.  Fait  ingeni  bui-  Morte  luet  meritft.     Fuit  ingens  monte  sub  alto 
wm   Dcrcenni,  antiqui  i^ggjg  Dercenni  terreno  ex  uggere  bustum  MO 

Lanreu     regit  Antiqui  Laurentis,  opacAque  ilice  tectum. 

Hic  Dea  se  primum  rapido  pulchernma  nisu 

Sistit,  et  Aruntem  tumulo  speculatur  ab  alto. 

854.  Ut  vidit  etMi        Ut  vidit  fulgentem  armis,  ac  vani  tumentem  : 

Cur,  inquit,  diversus  abis  ?  huc  dirige  gressum  :        9ik 
856.  Veni  huc,  fu,  pe-  Huc,  periture,  veni ;  capias  ut  digna  Camillfle 
rlture:  ut  Praemia.     Tu-ne  etiam  telis  moriere  Dianae  ? 

Dixit :  et  auratA  voiucrem  Threissa  sagittam 
Deprompsit  pharetri,  comuque  infenaa  tetendit ; 
860.  Puxit  lOud  longd  Et  duxit  longd,  donec  curvata  coirent  M 

Inter  sc  capita,  et  manibus  jam  tangeret  aequia, 
862.  J^nnpe^  ItBYk  ma-  Lsv&  aciem  ferri,  dextrft  nervoque  papillam. 
nu  ianeerei  aciem  ferri,  Extempl6  teli  stridorem  aurasque  sonantes 
ra*^ere/'^Vpill'aT*'  ^udiit  unk  Aruns,  hiesi^ue  in  corpore  femim. 

865.  Socii  obliti  lin-  iilum  expirantem  socu  atque  extrema  gementera       ooj 
ounnt  illum  Obliti  ignoto  camporum  in  puivere  linquunt : 

Opis  ad  aethercum  pennis  aufertur  Olympum. 

Prima  fugit,  domini  amiss&^  levis  ida  Camills 
Turbati  fiigiunt  Rutuli ;  fugit  acer  Atinaa ; 

NOTES. 

841.  Luitii:  thou  hast  suffered,  &c.   At-  856.  Capias  digna :  the  meaning  if,ttat 

mium,    The  nimium  is   here  emphatical ;  thou  mayest  be  slain — roayest  receiTe  tiM 

and   ia  to   be  repeated   witb  erudele :  too  just  reward  for  kilUng  Camilla.    Mortt,  cc 

cruol,  or  severe.  a  word  of  the  like  import,  is  understood  tc 

043.  Desertte :  alone— by  thyself.  goyem  CamiUtL, 

845.  Indeeorem:  in  the  sense  of  tnAoyio-  857.  7^i-ne  mortere :  shalt  thoudiebythi 
ratam,  weapone  of  Diana  i     Doet  thou,  miscretnt, 

846.  JVomtns.  renown — gloiy.  deierve  to  die  by  the  wea.pon8  of  Diua? 

847.  Famam  inulta :  tho  infamj  of  one  The  words  imply,  that  he  was  utterlj  ob- 
unaveni^d.    Famam^  here  is  plainly  to  be  worthy  of  a  death  ao  honor&ble. 

taken  in  the  sense  of  infamiam^  as  it  some-  858.  Threiisa,    Latona,  it  is  said,  brougM 

timefl  iiigrnifies.     It  was  considerod  dishonor-  some   nymphs  from  the   H  jperboreant  te 

able  to  die  in  battle,  without  being  avenged,  educate  her  children,  Diana   and  ApoUo. 

aod  a  mark  of  infamy.  Servius  makee  them  to  be  the  same  witb 

849.  Luet  •  the  meaning  is :  he  shall  the  Thracians ;  and  probably  Opis  waa  m» 
atone  for,  or  ezpiate  the  crime,  with,  &c.  of  them.  TTireissa :  njfmpha  vs  undersloed 
Crimen  vel  scelus^  ia  understood.  The  lame  with  Opis, 

850.  Dercenni,  This  Dercennus  waa  pro-  859.  Comu :  in  the  sense  of  arcum,  ie- 
hably  ono  of  the  kings  of  the  aborigincs,  the  j^nsa :  angry.  Ruaup  says,  tmnnca,  agree- 
primitive  inhabitanta  of  Italy.    Bustum :  a    ing  with  Opis, 

tomb.  860.  Duxit  longi :  stretched  it  wide  lam- 

852.  JVVfu ;  in  the  MnBe  of  motu,  der,  untiJ  the  eztremitiea,  l^c.     Rncua  «yii 

854.  yana :  an  adj.  neu.  pleu.,  uaed  ae  an  extremiiates  efus  inflexte,  Cotrent .  oooa 
adverb,  in  imitation  of  the  Greeks:  in  the  together — roeeL  JEqmt:\w9\ — honxontaL 
sense  of  vani.  She  touched  the  barb  witli  one  band,  lad 

855.  Divertut:  in tbe ■enao of  tniftper«am  her  breast  with  the  other.  TIm  bow  n 
pariem.  bent  to  the  fiill  length  of  hor  ami.    Mm 


JSNEIS.    UB.  XL 


56»^ 


Difljectique  duces,  dcsolatique  mantpli  870 

Tuta  petunt,  et  equis  aversi  ad  moenia  tendunt  87L  Tnta  hem 

Nec  quisquam  instantes  Teucros,  letumque  ferentes 

8u8tentare  valet  telis,  aut  sistere  contr^ : 

Sed  laxos  referunt  humeris  languentibus  arctzs,  874 

Quadrupedumque  putrem  cursu  quatit  ungula  campum. 

Volvitur  ad  muros  caligine  turbidus  atrd 

Pulvis :  et  d  speculis  fiercussoe  pectora  matres  877.  Matrcs  percuaMs 

Pcemirieum  clamorem  ad  coeli  sidera  tollunt.  qiMod 

Qui  cursu  portas  primi  irrupSre  patentes, 

Hos  inimica  super  mixto  premit  agmine  turba.  880     880.    Inimica    turba 

Nec  miseram  effugiunt  mortem  ;  F.ed  limine  in  ipso,  premit 

Moenibus  in  patriis,  atque  inter  tuta  domorum  882.  Tuta  loea  domo. 

Confixi,  exspirant  animas.     Pars  claudcre  portas :  "*"* 

Nec  sociis  aperire  viam,  nec  mcenibus  audent  ,     ?*  ineipu 

Accipere  orantes :  oriturque  miserrima  csedes  885 

Defendentiim  armis  aditus,  inque  arma  ruentiim.  886.  Miserrima  oedet 

Exciusi,  ante  oculos  lacfirymantQmque  ora  parentum,       eorum  defendentdm 

Para  in  pnecipites  fossas,  urgente  ruinft,  ^f*^'.  ^*"  eorum,  qui 

Volvitur ;  immissis  pars  cffica  et  concila  fenis  p«dpite!l"i^  "" 

Arietat  in  portas,  et  duros  objice  postes.  890 

Ipsse  de  muris  summo  certamine  matres 

(Monstrat  amor  verus  patriae)  ut  vid^re  Camillam,  892.  Monstrat  vuim 

NOTES. 

firri :  tbe  point  of  the  arrow  was  tipped  work  of  death  witbin  tlie  walla,  and  amotig 

^itli  iron,  or  atee],  to  make  it  enter  the  object  the  vcry  houses  of  tlie  city. 

morfi  eaaily.  886.  DefendentHan :  of  those  who  bj  force 

870.  Maniplu  The  manipulu»  wa«  pro-  ©^  ^rms  oppose  the  entrance  of  the  flying 
perly  the  itandard  bearer,  m>  called  from  a  troops,  and  of  those,  who  wiih  to  force  an 
hondle  of  hay  tiod  to  the  end  of  a  pole,  entrance  to  gavc  thcmselvei  from  the  hande 
#hich  tho  first  Romans  used  in«lcad  of  an  ©^  ^^^  enemy. 

«laign.  It  was  ailorwards  used  for  the  com-  888.  Praeipite»  :   he^dlong — quick — un- 

panieii,  or  bands  of  loldiers,  to  which  a  mo-  ezpocted,  denoting  the  manner  of  tiieir  falL 

nipulus  wae  attached:  also,  for  troops  in  It  will  agree  witli  pan^  as  a  noun  of  multi- 

general,  by  meton.     Detolaii :   deserted  by  tude.     Fossas :  these  were  the  large  holoa, 

theirofficers — ^leflalone.  Disjeeti:  scattered  or  pits,  which    the  Latini  dug  before  the 

abroad-- «lain.     Rusui  says,  dissipati,  gates,  to  impcdo  the  approach  of  the  enemy. 

871.  Aversi :  in  the  lense  of  eonversi.  See  473.  ■upra. 

873,  Sustentare :  to  itop— to  reiist.  889.  Fr(tnu  immissis:  at  fiill  «pecd— tne 

«.»/>    n  I  •   ^     I.  •  j        c         mu              •  reins  being  given  to  the  horses.     Caca :  thui 

.   Vu\  ''«'f".'!^*'^'"'  ^     ^'it  TTu»  ™P«e.  that  they  had  lo.t  their  preMnco  of 

i.,  that  duBt  nsmg  m  cloude  of  thick  dark-  ^r^  ^j  k„ew  not  what  they  were  doin^. 

■age  of  defeat  to  the  Latms,  and  nlled  the  _ 

matronu    with  dismay  and    constemation.  ^90.  Duros  ob;iee  :    ■trongthened— made 

During  the  engagement  they  had  been  spec-  ■trong— necured  by  bars. 

tatore  of  the  confiict  891.  Summo  eertamine  :  with  the  greatest 

877.  Speeulis :  in  the  sense  of  muris.  xeal,  or  eamestness.     Ht>yne  says,  extremo 

880.  Mixto  agmine,    This  may  refer  either  cerlamine, 

to  the  Trojans  or  Latins.     If  it  refcr  to  the  892.    Ut  vidire :   as  Ihey  saw   Camilla. 

formcr,  it  will  imply  that  they  mingled  with  Heyne  says,  exemplo  Camillat,     Tliey  had 

the  Latins,  aiid  slew  them  without  regard  to  been  apectators  of  the  battle,  and  behcld  her 

tne  order  of  attack  :  if  it  refar  to  the  latter,  noble  deeds  of  valor ;  and  how  much  patri- 

It  will  imply  that  they  fled  in  confusion  and  otism  and  love  of  couutry  were  displaycd  in 

disorder,  and  in  that  state  were  pursued  by  all  hcr  actions.     Prompted  by  hor  exampJcv 

the  enomy.     It  appears  that  some  of  the  they  now  arni  themselves  in  hute,  and  re- 

fon^most  of  the  pursuers  entered  the  gates  pairto  the  place  of  danger,  ready  to  dio  i8 

RlODg  with  the  Latins,  and  continued  the  their  country*i  caure. 


to6  ^'  ^^IKGILII  MARONIS 

Tela  manu  trepida;  jaciunt :  ac  robore  duro, 
StipitibuB  ferrum  sudibusque  imitantur  obustis 
Prscipites,  primseque  mori  pro  moenibus  ardeiit.      89^ 

Interek  Turnum  in  sylvis  saevissimus  impliet 
Nuntius,  et  juveni  ingentem  fcrt  Acca  tumultura: 

R98.  Dieit  aciet  Vob-  Deletas  Volscorum  acies,  cccidisse  Camillam, 
cerum  ddetas  we  Ingruere  infensos  bostes,  et  Marte  secundo 

Omnia  corripuisse  ;  metum  jam  ad  mo&nia  feni.       900 

ftOI.  lUe  Tumua         jHg  furcns,  nam  saeva  Jovis  sic  numina  poscunt, 

Deserit  obsessos  colles,  nemora  aspera  linquit. 

Vix  ^  conspectu  exierat,  campumque  tenebat » 
Cum  pater  ^Eneas,  saltus  ingressus  apertos, 
Exsuperatque  jugum,  sylv&que  evadit  opac&.  9tt 

Sic  ambo  ad  muros  rapidi  totoque  feruntur 
Agmine,  nec  longis  inter  se  passibus  absunt. 
Ac  simul  iEneas  fumantes  pulvere  campos 
Prospexit  longe,  Laurentiaque  agmina  vidit : 
£t  sffivum  i£ncan  agnovit  Turnus  in  arrais,  910 

Adventumque  pedum,  flatusque  audivit  equonim. 
Continud  pugnas  ineant,  et  pr^elia  tentent : 
Ni  roseus  fessos  jam  gurgite  Pbaibus  Ibero 
Tingat  equos,  noctemque,  die  labente,  reducat 
Considunt  castris  ante  urbem,  et  moenia  vallanL        91ft 

NOTES. 

893.  TrepitUt:  in  haste— quick.    So,  also,    in  the  lenie  of  durtu    AVim.    thii  if  ilN 
prtEcipUes^  in  verse  895.  infra.  common  rcading.    Heyne  reads,  d. 

ort.    r    .j     j        «u      •    •*  4    *u«  ~  905.  £rarft/ ;  eacapea  from  the  wood.  TWi 

894.  ImUanlur:  thejr  im.tate  the  weapon.      ^„„,  ^^^  j  ^P  ^^  been  in  fi««ilb 

«f  iron,  w,th  hard   oak  .lakc.,  and  pole.  ,„bu,h,  whic^  Tumu»  laid  for  him. 

hardened  at  the  pomt.     With  theseweapons,  ^m    V        •             i            r               ^  u 

I           .1        '^.                /.  *u                  *    •  907.  Longu  peusittus.      Laneu  moil  " 

iiiade  on  tne  exigency  of  the  momcnt,  m  .  ,        u        •     ♦u                  r        7..            — ^ 

•    ..  .•         ^  .       ^       -^         ,,                ,,  taken  hcre  m  the  sense  of  mu/lM. or  jmM' 

imilation  of  iron  weapons.  they  arm  them-  .           „i                  r  •   .        i>         p»        ^— 

I             j         j    •            rj   ■      n    4-     *i  6t«  m  the  senne  of  trU«rra//o.     RumisitT*» 

eelveji,  and  are  desirous  of  dymjr  firsi  in  the  in         •  §     -  ii 

defence  of  their  country.  jitznibiu :  inthe         ^^/^  o            '  c                 v     ^- 

/...,..•'  910.  iscrvum  :  fiercc — vahant  m  arms^ 

•ense  ot  urbi  \q\  patrta,  mi  i^j  «         •     .u                 r  i. 

'  911.  Hahu :  m  the  sensc  of  htnntNs. 

897.   Fert :  m  the  sense  of  referl  vcl  nun-  913.  lOerogurgite :  in  Ihe  westcm  0««. 

ciai.     Seeundo :  m  the  Bcnse  oi  favente  vel  jiere  the  poet  supposed  the  aun  lo  cxlinpaih 

tuvante.  his  light  every  evening. 

001.  J^umina:  decrees — purpoaes.    Sava:  916.  Mcmia:  in  the  sense  of  caMtrtu 

QUESTIONS. 

How  docB  thifl  book  open  ?  What  are  the  diitinguishing  featorei  ol 

What  does  .£nea8  do  with  the  bodj  of  character? 

Pallas  ?  When  tlie  news  of  the  defeat  reacbed  tht 

How  many  chosen  men  accompany  it  ?  city,  what  effect  did  it  produce  upon  tht 

What  efToct  had  the  newB  of  his  death  Latine? 

upon  hifl  father  ?  Did  Latinus  aend  ambassadors  to  £n«t^ 

How  many  captivea  did  JEneaa  send  aa  to  dcsiro  a  tnice,  for  the  purpoae  of  burjiOf 

victims  to  his  Manes  ?  their  dead  ? 

Whom  does  the  poet  here  imitate  ?  Was  this  granted  to  them  ? 

Does  the  poet  here  outrage  the  character  How   long  a  time  was   agrccd  upon  tor 

of  his  hero  ?  that  purpose  ? 

Is  there  any  expreasion  of  Homer,  which  Who  waa  a  principal  person  of  thif  tci* 

dityapproves  of  the  conduct  of  Achilles,  in  bassy  ? 

offermg  human  victima  at  the  tomb  of  Pa-  Who  waa  Drances  ? 

trocius  ?  What  is  his  character  ? 

If  th^sro  a  difference  in  character  between  Where  was  Tumua  at  this  time  ? 

Cho  two  heroet?  Qn  the  retom  of  the  «mbmaMdon  fia* 


iENEIS.    LIB.  XI. 


561 


Diomodc  Hid  LatiDos  call  a  council  of  state 
lo  rereive  the  answer  ? 

Wl^at  wat  the  nature  of  that  answer  ? 

What  effciGt  had  it  upon  the  Latins  f 

Who  was  the  principal  person  of  that 
•mbassjr  ? 

Who  waa  Diomedo  * 

Why  did  he  come  lo  Italy  ? 

What  were  his  rcasons  for  declining  to 
take  pan  with  Turnus  and  the  Latins? 

Whai  does  he  say  of  the  valor  of  iEneas? 

What  course  did  he  advise  Latiuus  to 
Ukof 

What  citj  did  he  baild  in  Italy  ? 

Where  was  it  situated  ? 

What  is  said  of  his  companioni  in  arras  ? 

Is  this  a  ridiculous  and  iniprobabloatory? 

What  is  the  conclusion  of  Latinus  in  re« 
gmrd  to  the  war  ? 

Did  he  make  any  speech  upon  the  occa- 
•ion  ? 

What  did  he  propose  to  do? 

What  is  the  character  of  the  ipeeoh  of 
Drances  ? 

Of  what  did  he  accuse  Tumus  ? 

What  is  the  character  of  the  reply  of 
Tumus  ? 

What  is  his  object  in  this  reply  ? 

Were  there  any  pohtical  parties  at  this 
lime  among  the  Latins  ? 

Who  may  be  said  to  have  been  at  the 
head  of  the  party  in  favor  of  Tumus? 

Who  was  at  the  head  of  the  other  party  ? 

What  did  this  party  wish  to  effcct  ? 

Was  any  proposition  made  to  Tumus  to 
docide  the  dispute  with  ^neas  in  single 
oombat  ? 

Who  made  the  proposition  ? 

How  was  it  received  by  ^mus  ? 

Did  he  express  any  reluctance  to  meet 
£neas  ? 

During  the  dcliberations  of  the  council, 
what  information  reaches  Laurontum  ? 

What  effect  had  tliis  advanceof  the  enemy 
upon  Latinus? 

What  did  Tumus  do  upon  this  emer- 
gency  ? 

In  how  many  divisions  were  the  enemy 
to  advanco  ? 

Under  whose  command  were  the  infantry 
to  march? 

In  what  way  were  they  to  approach  the 

city? 

How  wero  tlio  cavalry  to  advanoe? 
Could  they  come  in  any  other  way  ? 


What  was  thn  nature  of  the  ground  over 
iwLich  each  divinion  was  to  pass  ? 

How  did  Turnus  recoive  tliis  information? 

What  resolution  did  he  take  on  rcceiving 
this  inteiligence  ? 

Would  this  give  him  any  particular  ad- 
vantage  over  iEneas  ? 

In  what  would  it  consist? 

Where  does  Turnus  meet  Camilla.-' 

Does  he  confer  upon  her  the  command  of 
the  cavalry  ? 

What  dii-ection  does  he  give  hir^ 

Who  was  Camiria? 

Who  was  her  father  ? 

What  did  his  subjects  do  to  him  r 

What  was  the  age  of  Camilla  at  that 
time? 

How  did  he  save  his  child  from  the  fory 
6f  his  subjects  ? 

How  did  he  save  himself  ?      i 

To  whom  did  he  dedicate  his  daughter  ? 

What  was  the  manner  of  her  education? 

Was  she  a  favorite  of  Diana? 

Did  she  aiterward  succeed  to  the  throne 
oftheVolsoi? 

How  waai  Camilla  armed  ? 

For  what  was  she  distingoished  ? 

Who  assisted  her  in  commaud,  during  the 
action  ? 

Who  commenced  the  fight  ? 

How  many  times  did  the  combatatits 
charge  each  other  and  retreat  ? 

What  took  place  afler  this  ? 

How  did  Camilla  distinguisli  herself  ^ 

What  were  some  of  her  doedn  of  valor? 

By  whom  was  she  finally  killed  ? 

What  effect  had  her  death  upon  the  issue 
of  the  battle  ? 

By  whom  was  Aruns  slain? 

By  whose  orders  was  he  slain  ? 

And  by  whose  arrow  ? 

Did  Aruns  conduct  in  a  cowardly  mamier 
on  this  occasion  ? 

Was  he  sensible  of  it  ? 

Finding  herself  mortally  wounded,  what 
did  Camilla  do  ^ 

Whom  did  she  send  to  acquaint  Turnus 
of  the  state  of  the  battle  ? 

What  effect  had  the  news  upon  him  ? 

Did  he  leave  his  place  of  concealment? 

What  took  place  immediatcly  afierward  r 

Was  this  an  unlucky  circumstance  <bi 
Turous? 

What  prevented  a  renewnl  of  tho  figbt  ? 

^Vhen  waa  the  deciidve  action  fonght?. 


lilBKR  DUODECIIHUS. 


TuEifUt.  perceiTing  hiB  troops  to  be  disheftrtened  by  their  reTenee,  raeotree  to  mcapt 
proposal  of  deciding  the  dispute  by  single  combat  with  iEneM.     Lfttiniu,  io  a  ttD 
and  pathetic  speech,  endeavora  to  diasuade  him  from  it,    He  mdriam  him  to  rdiBqi 
his  claim  to  Lavinia,  and  seek  a  wife  among  the  daughten  of  the  Itmlian  prinoet. 
plainly  telU  him,  that  the  gods  forbid  him  to  unite  hia  daughter  to  anj  other  tiit 
foroigner.     He  recounts  the  disastrous  consequences  of  his  oppoeition  to  the  Troji 
aod  concludes  by  reminding  him  of  his  aged  ntther,  and  tne  sorrow  that  would  &11  ■ 
him,  if  the  issue  were  to  prove  disastrous.     At  this  critical  moment,  the  qneen  co 
m,  seconds  her  husband^s  entreaties,  and  beseechos  him  to  i^linquish  his  rash  purp 
She  declares,  the  safety  of  their  family  and  kingdom  depends  upon  his  life ;  and ' 
she  is  resolved  to  perish  with  him,  and  not  to  see  Lavinia  transferred  to  i£n«as. 
the  hero  is  not  moved  from  his  purpose,  and  prelers  to  die  rather  than  part  witk 
beloved  Lavinia. 

Thu  virgin  heard  the  expostulation  of  her  mother,  and  love  kindled  a  blusb  iipon 
cheeks.  This  thrilled  throuffh  the  heart  of  Tumus,  and  all  the  tender  emotioDa  ol 
soul  were  roused.  ForthwiUi  he  sends  Idroon  to  the  Trojan  camp  to  procIairo«  ihs 
the  following  day,  he  would  decide  the  dispute  with  JEneas. 

In  the  mean  tiiiie,  he  prepares  his  armor,  and  ezamines  his  steeds.  At  the  retuni  of 
the  parties  repair  to  the  field.  Latinus  accomnanies  Tumus.  Here  he  ratifies  a  1« 
with  iEneas,  and  calis  the  pods  to  witness.  To  prevent  ita  execution,  Jnno  iteiri 
nymph  Juturna,  the  sistcr  of  Turnus,  to  rouse  the  Rutulians  to  arma,  and  kindk 
war.  For  this  purpose,  she  causcd  a  portentous  sign  in  the  hearens,  which  tlie  a 
interpretcd  favorably  for  the  Italians.  Forthwith  he  hurled  a  spear  among  the  Tro 
and  thc  tvvo  armies  rushed  to  the  combat  with  great  impetuosity.  Latinus  ha 
frorn  tlio  field.  ^neas  is  wounded  by  an  arrow,  which  causcd  great  confusion  u 
tho  Trojans.  Turnua,  observing  this,  niounts  his  car,  and  drives  over  the  field,  sp^ 
ing  death  and  desolation  in  his  course.  Wherever  he  directs  his  way,  whole  troop 
squadrons  flee  bcfore  him.     He  performs  prodigious  feats  of  valor. 

lii  tlie  mviiw  time,  iEncas  rctircs  from  the  field,  and  demands  the  speedicst  rellef.  1 
miraculously  jicaled  by  Venus.  This  being  done,  the  hero  calls  for  his  arms,  erab 
Ascaniuy,  aud  goes  in  scarch  of  Turnus.  The  fight  now  is  renewed  on  the  part  o 
Trojans,  and  the  victorious  Rutulians  fly.  At  this  crisis,  Juturna  takes  the  rein»( 
brother^s  stced,  and  drives  him  victorious  over  the  plain.  ^neas  pursues,  and  see 
pvery  niethod  to  nieet  and  engage  him  ;  but  Juturna  bafiles  all  his  eflTorts.  Unal 
effect  his  purpose,  he  resolves  to  wrcak  his  vengeance  upon  the  Rutulians;  and 
hc  commenced  a  dreadful  slaughter :  Ihe  noblest  of  the  Italians  fall.  Turnus,  too,  i 
on  with  no  less  impetuosity,  and  Trojan,  Tuscan,  and  Arcadian  bite  the  ground. 

^neas,  al  the  suggestion  of  Venus,  resolves  to  attack  the  city,  and  by  one  decisive 
either  force  Turnus  to  the  combat,  or  overthrow  the  empire  of  Latinus.  For  thi« 
pose  he  assembles  his  troops,  explains  his  designs,  and  exhorts  them  to  assault  itn 
with  vigor.  They  instantly  mount  the  walls,  and  spread  the  devouring  flames 
this  sudaon  change  of  afluirs,  all  hearts  arc  filled  with  dismay.  The  queen^  exp 
that  Turnus  was  slain,  and  his  troops  routed,  rcsolved  not  to  survive  the  ssd  catasU 
and  franlic  with  despair,  hung  herself. 

[ii  this  stale  of  things,  Sages  flies  to  Turnus,  and  informs  him  that  if^neos  was  thunc 
in  arins;  that  the  city  was  in  the  hands  of  tlic  enemy;  that  all  looked  lo  hiin  foj 
tection;  and  that,  in  despair,  the  queen,  his  faithful  friend,  had  deprive-^  herself  o 
At  tliis  inforination  the  hero  is  struck  with  amazcment,  and  tuming  his  cycs,  hc  b< 
thc  vcry  towcr,  which  he  liimHclf  had  built  for  the  dcfcnce  of  the  city,  wrapt  in  fl 
He  could  not  bear  thc  sirrht;  and  leaving  his  sister,  he  sprang  from  his  chario 
rushed  tlirough  darts  and  foos,  calling  upon  thc  hostile  arniies  to  desist  from  the 
tiiat  ho  was  coine  to  cnter  the  lists  with  Alneos.  Instantly  a  cessation  of  arnii 
placc,  and  the  two  hcroes  prepare  for  the  combat.  At  first  they  throw  their  ja 
from  »  distance,  and  rush  to  close  combat  with  great  violcncc.  They  blows  on 
rDdouble,     Turnus,  T\8mgVv\g,\\  Vo  ^\\^V{\a\i\o>N  ixvwc^  st^^c.U  breaks  his  sword  l 


JENEIB.    LIB.  Xn. 


5m 


hlH.  Ha  now  diicoTen  a  fatal  mistake.  When  fint  he  mouuted  hii  car,  ardent  fbr  tho 
figiit,  he  had  taken  the  sword  of  his  charioteer,  Mitescus,  inatead  of  hia  own  tnistj 
sword,  which  Vulcan  had  made  for  his  father  Daunus.  He  is  now  ieft  defencelera^  and 
at  the  morcy  of  his  foe.  He  fliea  off  swifl  as  the  wind,  pursued  by  iEneas,  and  presMMi 
on  all  sides  bv  the  Trojans.  He  ca  Is  for  his  heavenly-tempcred  sword,  and  chides  tiie 
Ratulians.  None  of  them  dare  to  interfere,  being  prevented  by  Ihe  threats  of  ^neas. 
Jutttma,  at  length,  restorcd  his  sword  to  hinj,  and  venus  diiiengaged  the  spear  of  JEneas. 
The  two  heroes  again  prepare  for  the  combat. 

A(  this  juncture,  Jove  interposes  in  favor  of  ^neas.  His  first  care  is  to  withdraw  Jutuma 
firom  the  contest.  For  this  purpose,  he  despatches  one  of  the  furies  to  the  fieid  of  battlc, 
which,  assuming  the  form  of  an  owl,  flies  backward  and  forward  beforo  the  face  of 
Turaus.  The  hero  knew  the  portentous  omen.  A  shivering  pervaded  his  limbs :  cold* 
neas  uimerved  his  arm.  His  reason  lefl  him :  his  speech  forsook  him.  As  soon  aa 
Jaturaa  hcard  the  whizzing  of  the  fury*s  wings,  she  recognised  the  dircful  uicBnenger ; 
and  in  all  the  agony  of  grief  and  distress,  and  uttering  the  tenderest  expreflsions  of 
aflTectionate  attachment  to  her  brother,  she  fled  from  his  sight,  aiid  plunged  hcr»elf  in 
the  deep  river. 

Cneas  in  the  mean  time  urges  on  the  attack,  and  calls  upon  Turnus  no  longer  to  decline 
the  contest.  He  replied,  ^*  I  fear  not  thee,  nor  thy  boasting  words :  1  fear  the  gods 
■Jone :  1  fear  Jove,  w^o  is  my  enemy.*'  At  this  momont,  he  seizes  a  huge  stone  that 
laj  near  him,  and  hurled  it  at  if^neas ;  but  it  reached  him  not.  The  fury  had  deprivtd 
him  of  his  wontcd  strength.  His  eflbrts,  therefore,  were  unavailing.  His  knoea  siuik 
ander  him ;  and  trembling  seized  his  whole  body.  JEneas  throws  a  javelin,  which 
wounds  him  in  the  thigh,  and  caused  him  to  fall  upon  his  knee.  In  this  situation,  he 
aoknowledges  himself  vanquished,  and  resigns  Lavinia,  the  royal  bride,  to  the  victor. 
One  favor  he  asked,  on  account  of  his  aged  father,  that  his  body  might  be  restored  to 
his  friends.  JEneas,  moved  with  compassion  at  the  mention  of  his  aged  father,  waa 
about  also  to  spare  his  life ;  when,  discovering  upon  his  uioulder  the  belt  which  Pallaa 
wore,  he  became  indignant,  and  plunged  into  his  bosom  his  naked  sword. 

TURNUS  ut  infractos  adverso  Marte  Latinos 
Defecisse  videt,  aua  nunc  promissa  reposci, 

8e  signari  oculis  :  ultrd  implacabilis  ardet,  3.  Ocuhs  amnium 

Attollitque  animos.     Poenorum  qualis  in  arvis 

Smucius  ille  gravi  venant^m  vulnere  pectus,  6     5-    Qualis  ille  leo  in 

Tum  demum  movet  arma  leo  ;  gaudetque  comantes  ^II^^*'^'!*^"*"™'  ■*uciut 

Ezcutiens  cervice  toros,  fixumque  latronis  ytioad  pec  us  gravi 

Impavidus  frangit  telum,  et  fremit  ore  cruento. 
Haud  seci^  accenso  gliscit  violentia  Tumo. 
Tum  sic  affatur  regem,  atque  ita  turbidus  infit :  10 

NuUa  mora  in  Turno  :  nihil  est  qu6d  dicta  retractent 

Ignavi  iEnead» ;  nec,  quae  pepigdre,  recusent.  It-    Recusent  fmcer$ 

dongredior :  fer  sacra,  pater,  et  concipe  foedus.  *•  *!'*• 

Aut  hAc  Dardanium  dextrft  sub  Tartara  mittam, 
Desertorem  Asise  ;  sedeant,  spectentque  Latini!  15 

Rt  ■olus  ferro  crimen  commune  refellam  : 

NOTE8. 

1. /f0ti«/o«.*  broken — disheartened.  Mar-  7.   Latnma:  the  hunter.     Fxxum:  that 

t€  :  in  the  sense  of  pugna  vel  beUo.  had  pierced  his  brea^* 

t.  Prmnissa :  hie  promises  that  he  would  9.  Gliscit :  in  the  sense  of  cresciL 

raeot  iEneas  in  single  combat  U.  Reiractent  dicia:  that  they  should  re- 

3.  Ultrb.  This  word  impliee,  that  Tumus  tract  their  words.  Alneas  was  the  iirst  who 
was  inipelled  bj  some  violent,  but  vohmtarj  proposed  to  decide  the  dispute  in  singlc 
emotion.  combat  with  Turnus;  and  he  had  |>h>dgpd 

4.  Posnorum;  the  Carthaginians,  here  pat  himsclf  to  accept  the  prupositiou:  to  tltis 
for  the  Africans  in  general.  refercnce  is  made  verse  2,  Kupra.    Quod  :  a 

6.  Jdovet  anna :  he  moves  his  arms — he  conj.  or  in  tho  scnse  of  ob  quud, 
prepares  for  tho  attack.     Comaniu  toros:         13.  Fer:  in  tho  senso  of  q/Ztr.     Cuttctfe- 

tho  shaggy,  or  bushy  mane.    lUe  leo:  a  licin,  in  the  scrso  of  satici. 
hj  way  of  oniinence.  16.   HefeUam :  in  ti*'^  serse  <d*  ow»  iMn  vnl 


570  ^-  V[RGILn  MARONIS 

17.  Aot  TVofanut  ha-  Aul  habeat  victos  ;  cednt  Lavinia  conjux 
heat  noB  yictos ;  el  La-      oUi  sedato  respondit  corde  Latinus  : 
vm^^conjux  cedat  tlU  q  ^^^^,^  animi  juvenis,  quantum  i|»se  feroci 

80.  Conaulcre  iibi       Virtute  exsuperas,  taiitd  me  impensius  «quum  C6t       90 

Consulere,  atque  omnes  metuentem  expendere  casot. 
Sunt  tibi  regna  patris  Dauni,  sunt  oppida  capta 
Multa  manu  :  nec  non  aurumque  ahimusque  Latimi  est 
t4.  irinupts  virgine»   Sunt  aliae  innuptae  Latio  et  Laurentibus  agris^ 

Nec  genus  indecores.     Sine  me  hiec  haud  mollia  fiito  25 

Sublatis  aperire  dolis ;  simul  haDC  animo  hauri. 

Me  natam  nulli  veterum  sociare  procorum 

Fas  erat,  idque  omnes  Divique  hominesque  canebaoL 

Victus  amore  tui,  cognato  sanguine  victus, 

Conjugis  et  mcsstse  lachrymis,  vincla  omnia  nipi ;       30 

81.  Eripoi  eam  pro-  Promissam  eripui  genero ;  arma  impia  sumpsi. 

°**IIJ*'!1    ...    ,  ^  Ex  illo  qui  me  casus,  quae,  Turne,  sequantur 

32.  Ex  lUo  tempore^  O  ^  „        ",  *  •  *•         i  u 

Turae  vMiea  Bella,  vides  ;  quantos  primus  patiaro  labores 

Bis  magnd.  victi  pugn&,  vix  urbe  tuemur 

Spes  Italas  :  recalent  nostro  Tiberina  fluenta  36 

Sanguine  adhuc,  campique  ingentes  ossibus  albent 

Qu6  referor  toties  ?  qua;  mentem  insania  mutat  ? 

38.  Si  paratus   tum  Si,  Turno  exstincto,  socios  sum  accire  paratus ; 
accire  Trojanot  Cur"non,  incolumi,  potius  certamina  tollo  ? 

39.  Eo  mcolumi  q^j^  consanguinei  Rutuli,  quid  cwtera  dicet  40 
41.  Fora  refutet  hae  Italia,  ad  mortem  si  te  ;  fors  dicta  refutet  I 

"•**  *^*^**  Prodiderim,  natam  et  connubia  nostra  petentem? 

Respice  res  bello  varias ;  miserere  parentis 

NOTES. 

refittabo.     Crimen :  eithcr  the  common  dis-  upon  him.     Ple  advises  him  to  seek  t  wift 

gracc,  Ity  the  prcccding  dcfeat  and  flight:  or  among  the  Italian  princcsscs;  among  whoa 

thc  iinpiitation  thrown  npon  him  by  Drances  ho  would  find  some  one  worthy  of  io  «Kf* 

and  oliiers,  of  his  wanting  courago  to  nieot  tinguished  a  prince.     Manu :  by  valor. 
Almuis.     This  last  appcars  to  be  the  sense         26.  Dolis  sxiblatis :  guiie^  or  deceit  beinf 

of  Kueus.  takcn  away — in  plain  words.     Fatu:  sufc 

19.  Fcroci:  bold — daring.  ^uantiwi:  in  in  u  of  tho  verb  ybr.*  to  be  Kpoken,  or  iiii 
the   scnsc   of   quanib^   corresponding   with  Hauri:  in  the  scnsc  of  au</i. 

taiilo,     Prcutans  animi :  cxceliing  in  cou-  28.   Canebant :   in  tho  sei^so  of  yrwiki 

rago — valor.  hant  vel  monebant, 

20.  Tanto  impensius  aquum :  by  so  much  29.  Cognato  san/cuine.  Turfius  wai  ihi 
the  more  anxiously,  it  is  just  that  I  should  son  of  Voniha,  the  sister  of  Amata,  Ihe  wife 
consult  your  safoty.  of  Latinus.     Hence  the  propriety  of  rc^iiits 

21.  Cnsus :  hazard— dangcrs.  sanguine :     kindrod    blood.       Fincla:    R- 
23.  J^cc  non  aurumque :  Servius  takosthe     stramts — obligations. 

senMC  of  thcso  words  to  bo :  Latinus  satis  33.  Primus :  In  the  scnse  of  princept. 

opulentus  cst^  et  nobilis  etiam  absqut  his  nup-  34.  Bis  victu     Thcy  wcre  first  beaten  <« 

iiis :  implying  that,  as  Turnus  was  powor-  tho  banks  of  thc  Tiber,  whcn  iEneas  landed 

ful  aiid  wealthy  enough  without  contracting  his  reinforcements  from  Etruria :  and  a  »• 

an  allianco  with  Latinus,  so  Latinus  necdcd  cond  timo  vanquished   under  tlie  wallff  O^ 

not  to  niatch  his  daughter  with  him  for  the  Latium,  in  the  horse  figlit,  when  CaimiU 

sake  of  aggrandizing  himself.     Though  tiiis  was  slain.     See  the  prcceding  book. 

makos  bonse  of  aurum^  it  puts  a  forued  sig-  37.    Qmo  referor :    why  am   I   carried  lO 

nihcution  upon  animus,     Rusbus  «ays,  suni  o(\en  backward  ^ — why  do  I  change  my  r^ 

quoque  Latino  divititB  ei  benei>olentia.  solution  so  oflen,  of  giving  my  daogfattfM 

Tho  expression  implies,  that  Latinus  en-  JEneas.' 

teriained  a  friendly  disposition  towards  Tur-  39.  Certamina :  dispute»— contesti. 

nus,  and  donircd  to  promote  his  happiness  in  4L  Fors:  fortune— the  iBsue  of  tht  €0B- 

any  way  that  his  wealth  could  cootribute  to  teet. 

itt  buf   he  could  not  beetow  hie  daughter  43   Rea:  ftate— oondition. 


^NEIS.    LIB.  Xn.  571 

quera  nunc  moDStum  patria  Ardca  longd  44.  Longv  f  U 

Haudquaquam  dictis  violentia  l*urni  45 

:  exsuperat  magis,  sgrcscitque  medendo. 

m  faii  potuit,  sic  institit  ore  : 

3  me  curam  geris,  hanc  precor,  optime,  pro  me     48.  O  optime  regum 

lctumque  sinas  pro  laude  pacisci.  precor  ut  Jeponas  luuia 

la,  pater,  ferruraque  haud  debile  dextrft  60  ^^^    P'<>   "^   V^ 

s,  et  nosfro  sequitur  de  vulnere  sanguis.  ^*'** 

i  I)ea  matcr  erit,  quse  nube  fugacem  53.  Bum  fugnwiu 

tegat,  et  vani3  sese  occulat  umbris. 

ina,  nov&  pugnse  conterrita  sorte, 

:  ardentem  generum  moritura  tenebat :  55 

2r  has  ego  te  lachrymas,  per  si  quis  Amatae  ^^-  ^  TunH»,  fnem 

)nos  animum.     Spes  tu  nunc  una  senectse,  ^   ^?'  tachryiiiaft, 

,         '.  ,      .   .         ^  per  konorem  Amnim,  ti 

?s  miserae :  decus  imperiumque  LaUni  quig   hono*  ejut  t«iif  it 

:  in  te  omnis  domus  incHnata  recumbit.  tuum 

0  ;  desiste  manum  committere  Teucris.  60     58.  Tu  m  9oU  requiM 

mque  manent  isto  certamine  casus,  ******  mwer» 

*  «      o'      1  u       •     •         r  oL  Quicii-rMiue  caaua 

urne,  manent.     Simul  ha;c  mvisa  rennquam    .        gg    J^f^  uMMot  at 

nec  generum  ^Eneam  captiva  videbo.  me 

ocem  lachrymis  Lavinia  matris, 

is  perfusa  genas  :  cui  plurimus  ignem  65 

•ubor,  et  calefacta  per  ora  cucurrit. 

nguineo  veluti  violaverit  ostro 

)ur  ;  vel  mixta  rubent  ubi  lilia  mult& 

i :  tales  virgo  dabat  ore  colores. 

3at  amor,  figitque  in  virgine  vultus.  70 

arma  magis ;  paucisque  affatur  Amatam  : 

o,  ne  me  lachrymis,  neve  omine  tanto  72.  O  ina'.er,  quMu. 

re  in  duri  certamina  Martis  euntem,  "*'  ***  proeo^»©re  ma 

NOTES. 

ia:  the  capital  city  of  the  Rutuli.  Tumua  were  slain,  that  Lavinia  ihould  fall 

!  addross  of  Latinus  is  tendcr  and  to  ^neas ;  that  the  Rutuli  ahould  be  bii 

.nd  bespeaks  tho  goodncss  of  his  subjects,  dLC.  Verse  17,  supra. 
nongotherarguraents  to  dissuade  57.  Hono»  :  respect — regard. 
>m  the  combat,  he  mentions  his        59.  DomuM :  in  tbe  sense  offamilia.     /ii. 

r.  elinata  :  in  the  sense  of  prona  vel  laben» 
idil :  in  the  scnse  of  separaL  60.  Detitte  :  in  tlie  sense  oiomitte,     Com» 

reseit  medendo  :   he  grows  more  mittere  manum :  to  engage  in  close  combai. 

by  buing  persuaded — by  applying  Ruieus  says,  eonserere  manum, 

Medendo :  a  gorund.  in  do^  of       63.  Lumina :  in   the   sense  of  lueem  val 

rhis  is  said  by  way  of  mctaphor.  vitam. 
titit  :    he    proceeded — began    to        64.  Aceepit  :  in  the  sense  of  audiit, 

65.  Per/uta  genas:  wet  as  to  her  bluib- 

u :  in  the  sensc  of  habet.  ing  chooks   with   toars.    A  Grecism,    See 

isei :  to  exchange  dcath  for  glorj  Ecl.  i.  55. 

n  glory  and  renown  in  the  room  of       66.  Rubor :  modesty,  by  meton.     Ignem ; 

'  death.  the  glow,  or  blush,  which  her  extreme  rnu. 

vulnere  nosiro:  from  the  wound  desty  diflfused,  or  spread  over  hcr  cheeka 

f  us.  Subjecit  properly  signifies,  spread  under  the 

(  mater  erit  longi  ilH,     This  is  a  skin.     CaUfaeta :  red  (or  bluahing)  connle- 

m.     The  meaning  is  :  his  mother  nance. 

from  affording  him  any  assistanee^        67.  Violaverit  :  in  the  sense  of  tinxsriU 
d  done  on  former  occasions.     It        70.  7*tfr6a(  .*  in  the  sense  of  agitat 
i  in  her  power  to  do  it.  72.  Tanto:  in  the  sense  of  infaust»,     Th* 

'.e :  sors  here  means  the  terms,  or  repetition  of  the  fi«  ia  omphaticaL     P^««a« 

of  the  combat    These  were,  if  g^r  viowV^  MfaVEiAa^VA  ^y^nq.>j  \\«i!^\» 


572  P-  VIRGfLII  MARONI9 

74.    Mon  mortui  tti  O  mater :  neque  enim  Turno  mora  libera  mortii 
Ubcrm  Tunio.     ^  O  Nuntius  haec,  Idmon,  Phrygio  mea  djctj&  tyramio        71 
Idmoi:«  nuntiui  refiir       Haud  placitura  refer :  cum  primum  crastina  c<rio 

Puniceis  invecta  rotis  Aurora  rubebit ; 
Non  Teucroe  agat  in  Rutulos :  TeucHim  arma  quMnui 
£t  RutulAm  :  nostro  dirimatur  sanguine  beUum : 
lUo  quieratur  conjux  Lavinia  campo.  80 

Haec  ubi  dicta  dedit,  rapidusque  in  tecta  receank, 
8t.  Tueni  «ot  fremon-  Poscit  equos,  gaudetque  tuens  ante  ora  firementes, 
tee  ente  ^ta  orm  Pilumno  quos  ipsa  decus  dedit  Orithyia  ; 

84.  Qui  tqui  Qui  candore  nives  anteirent,  cursibus  auras. 

Circumstant  properi  aurigie,  manibusque  lacessunt     tt 
Pectora  plausa  cavis,  et  coUa  comantia  pectunt. 
87.    Dehinc   TWmaif  Jpge  dehinc  auro  squalentem  alboque  orichalco 
'P**  Circumdat  loricam  humeris ;  simul  aptat  habeniio 

Ensemque,  clypeumque,  et  rubne  comua  cristae : 
Ensem,  quem  Dauno  ignipotens  Deus  ipse  parenti      90 
Fecerat,  et  Stygift  candentem  tinzerat  und&. 
Exin,  quaa  mediis  ingenti  adniza  column» 
iEdibus  adstabat,  vaiidam  vi  corripit  hastam, 
Actoris  Aurunci  spoUum  :  quassatque  trementem, 
»6.  O  ha8ta,nanqaam  Vociferans:  Nunc,  6  nunquam  frustrata  vocatus         15 

'S"^,. .        Hasta  meos,  nuiic  tempus  adest;  te  maximus  Actor. 

Actor  gerehai  te  ^®  Turni  nunc  dextra  gerit ;  da  stemere  corpus, 

98.  ReTuliam  mb  illo  Loricamque  manu  valid&  lacerare  revulsam 
mea  vaUda  Semiviri  Phrygis,  et  fcedare  in  pulvere  crines, 

Vibratos  calido  ferro,  myrrhHque  madentes.  100 

101.  Ejut  ardentie       His  agitur  furiis,  totoque  ardentis  ab  ore 

NOTES. 

• 

foUow,  or  accompany.     Her  tears  were  an  their  hoUow  hands.     Colla :  in  Uie  BeoM  «* 

inauspiciouB  omen,  or  presage  of  the  event.  juba. 

74.  J^tque  enim :  aa  if  he  had  said :  your  87.  Squalentem  :   rough  with  gold,  im 

tean  will  be  of  no  avail,  for  1  have  passed  pale,  &c. 

niy  word  ;  and,  if  death  be  the  event,  I  can-  88.  Habendo :  for  carrying^  weariDg.   A 

not  retract;  I  have  no  powor  to  retard,  or  ^en.  in  do  of  the  dat.  case.     The  tanie  woi 

put  off*   my   destiny.      This    is  tho   plain  habendum,     Riiieus  saye,  u/  gestenivr. 

meaning  oi  the  passage;  yet  Servius  con-  89.  Comua  rubra  eristir. :  the  eztremitics 

eiders  it  inexplicable.    Jlora:  a  putting  off^  of  the  crimson  plume.     The  cnstte  weretlif 

or  deferring.  fcathere  wom  upon  the  helmet,  and  riiinf 

78.  JVbn  agat :  let  him  not  lead  his  Tro-  *bove  it.     The  eomua  were  the  ends,  orei- 

lana  &c  tremities  of  thoee  plumee,  put  for  the  «!Klt 

93.  OHthyia:   the  daughter  of   Erech-  ?'""'"  »'  tuft,  by  .ynec :  »id  the»  ^tii. 

theu.  king  if  Athens,  who  wm  .aid  to  be  fo'*''»  "»«•'»««'  by  meton. 

carried  away  by  Borea.  into  Thrace.     She  ^?"  *r"'""'~  ^"?  •  V"'"»: 

wa.  repute/  a  godde»,  and  Virgil  make.  l\-  ^l"f  S'""'  •'  '"  ."*«  ""«•  ?    '~™^ 

Piluranufcthe  K^at-grandfather  of  Turnum  93.    faU^m  fuutam.      Th»  q««r  W 

to   haTeTbceiJed  theae  hor»>.  from   her  becn  talten  ftom  Aurunciu.  Actor,e.thnkr 

Thrace,  the  place  of  her  rcidence,  wa.  fa-  T-mu.  h.m«.If,  or  one  of  h..  a>c«U» 

.«».,>  A..  u.^Jwi:»».  »»»».^.,«>f»^^  n*            Hcnce  it  18  called  *po/twm.    Acter  was  «iia. 

moueforbrecamir  ffonerouseteeds.  IJeeus:        n-    i*     »    »       T     •  •         j-          •  .•  - 

I  •  1     •     .1          "       £>                   1  .                   9o,  rnutrata:  doceivms — disaDPoinUDf. 

plamly  m  the  sense  of  munut  vel  donum,        «o   %  *  i    sj-^"^y>'^, ^ 

D,i«a,.'l  .«.«a  ^^r,^j^t..^  98.  Lacfrare :  to  rend— hrcak  m  piecca 

Kusus  says,  omamentum,  no    c  _  •  •  •  m.               ^«/l  *  •    i.      — ;j 

/  \                     ..    .  ,              99.  Semivxrt  Phrygu.     What  is  bero  sud 

84.    jintetrent :    excolled— eurpassed.—  ^f  ^ncas,  is  said  by  way  of  reproich ;  ii 

Auras :  m  the  sense  ^f  ventos,  allusion  to  some  custom  of  the  Asialia, 

»5.  Laressunt :   in  the  sense  of  palpant,  100.  Vibratos  :  curlcd.  or  twitted  up 'nlk 

Heyne  takes  laeessunt  plausa,  simpl/   for  a  hot  iron.     To  curl  the  hair,  and  tmear  it 

plaudunt.  with   ungruents,  were  cuncidered  niarkt  af 

6.  Ptausa  eavis :  itroked,  or  patted  witii  effeminacy. 


iENKIS     LIB.  XIT. 


573 


absistuiit :  oculis  micat  acribus  ignts. 
3lugitus  veluti  cikin  prima  in  pnclia  taurus 
Terriiicos  ciet,  atque  irasci  in  cornua  tentat, 
Arboris  obnixus  trunco,  ventosque  lacessit  105 

Iciibus,  et  sparsA  ad  pugnam  proludit  arenl 

Nec  niinus  interek  maternis  ssvus  in  armis 
iEneas  acuit  Martem,  et  se  suscitat  irft, 
Oblato  gaudens  componi  fcedere  bellum. 
Tum  socios  moestique  metum  solatur  Ifili,  1 10 

Fata  docens :  regique  jubet  responsa  Latino 
Certa  referre  viros,  et  papis  dicere  leges. 

Postera  vix  summos  spargebat  lumine  montes 
Orta  dies  ;  cilim  primilim  alto  se  gurgite  tollunt 
Solis  equi,  lucemque  elatis  naribus  efflant.  116 

Campum  ad  certamen,  magnas  sub  moenibus  urbis, 
Dimensi  Rutulique  viri  Teucrique  parabant ; 
In  medioque  focos,  et  Dis  communibus  aras 
Gramineas.     Alii  fontemque  ignemque  ferebant 
Velati  lino,  et  verben&  tempora  vincti. 
Procedit  legio  AusonidQm,  pilataque  plenis 
Agmina  se  fundunt  portis.     Hinc  Troius  omnis, 
Tyrrhenusque  ruit  variis  exercitus  armis  ; 
Ilaud  secus  instructi  ferro,  qukm  si  aspera  Martis 
Pugna  vocet.     Nec  non  mcdiis  in  millibus  ipsi 
Ductorcs  auro  volitant  ostroque  decori ; 
Et  genus  Assaraci  Mnestheus,  et  fortis  Asylas, 
'Et  Messapus  equQm  domitor,  Neptunia  proles. 
Utque  dato  signo  spatia  in  sua  quisque  recessit, 
Defigunt  tellure  hastas,  et  scuta  reclinant.  130 

Tum  studio  effusae  matres,  et  vulgus  inermum, 
Invalidique  senes,  turres  et  tecta  domorum 
Obsedere  :  alii  portis  sublimibus  adstant. 

At  Juno  6  summo,  qui  nunc  Albanus  habetur ; 


118.  In  medio  jMr«- 
bttni 

1 20      ISO.  yincliqiuktd  tam* 
porm 


124.  Inttniol  tUfU 
125      l^*  VooeiMf 


131.    Stadio   videndi 
eerUmen 

134.  At  Jono  proflpi* 
eiens  i  summo  tumulo 


NOTES. 


102.  Ahtiitunt:  fiy  oflTfroni.  Rueos  sajs, 
tn0fif»un/. 

103.  Mugitut :  bellowings.  Ciet :  in  the 
Mnee  o^emitiit, 

105.  LaeesHt :  in  the  lense  of  provoeat, 

106.  Proludit.     RuflBUs  says,  parat. 

107.  Maiemis  armit :  the  armor  made  bj 
Vulcan,  at  the  deaire  of  his  mother.  Honce 
ealled  matemit.  JWc  minus :  in  the  aense 
ofnee  non:  likewiee— also — in  like  manner. 

liM.  Martem :  in  the  senie  of  pugnam. 
AeuU :  preparee  for  the  combat. 

109.  Oblato  foBdere :  opon  the  conditione, 
or  terma  ofTered. 

111.  Doeent/ata :  teaching  them  the  pur- 
poeee  of  the  goda  conceming  him.  Rueua 
Mja,  aperientfata  iUit. 

112.  Dieere:  in  the  eenee  of  proponere* 
itt^et:  terms— oonditiona. 

114.  Attogurgite:  from  the  deep  ocaan« 
116.  Canwum:  the  ground — apace.    /)•• 
'    haTmg  meiattred  tt  oat. 


119.  Foniem :  in  the  sense  of  aquam. 

120.  VeUUi  lino.  Serriue  eays  that  the 
priests  and  sacred  ministers  among  the  Ro- 
mans,  were  prohibited  from  wearing  any 
thing  of  linen;  and  that  Virgil  designedW 
ciothes  the  feeialet  or  priests  in  linen  veils 
on  this  occasion,  to  give  us  to  know  before- 
hand,  that  the  league  was  to  be  broken; 
since  it  was  ushered  in  with  unlawful  rites. 
Hejrne  reads,  /tmo,  which  was  a  kind  of 
apron  wom  by  the  priests  in  tiiy  of  sacri- 
fice,  that  reached  down  from  the  navel  to 
the  feet.    The  coromon  reading  is  lino. 

121.  Piiaia:  armed  with  darts  or  javelins. 
Agmina:  troops. 

124.  Jnttruettferro:  fbmished,  and  eqnip- 
ped  with  arms. 

127.    Oenut:   oflspring,  or  descendants 
Attaraei.    See  Geor.  iii.  35. 

133.  Obtedire:  in  the  sense  of  tmp/evt 
fttni.    Adttani :  in  the  sense  of  tlamt. 

134.  Habeiur:  in  the  senee  of  ttmtiin^ 


^-4  J^-  VIRGIUI    MARONIS  ' 

Tum  nequo  nomen  crat,  nec  honos,  aut  gloria  nMmti ; 

Prospiciens  tumulo,  campum  spectabat,  et  ambiB      IX 

Laurent(im  TroCkmque  acies,  urbemque  LatinL 
138.  DiTE  Juno  nc  Extempld  Turni  sic  est  efllata  sororeia 
affata  e«t  sororom  Tumi  Djy^  Deam,  stagnis  quaB  fluminibusque  sonoris 
Deam ;  qu«  Praesidet :  hunc  illi  rex  ajtheris  altus  honorem  140 

Jupiter  erepti  pro  virginitate  sacravit : 

142.  Ut  prflBtuIerim  te  Nympha,  decus  iluviorum,  animo  gratissima  nostro, 
unaincunctia  OT>5^nt6uj,  g^jg^  ^^  ^^  cunctis  unam,  quecunque  Latinae 
qwpcunque  Latme  wr-  jyfagnanimi  Jovis  ingratum  ascend^re  cubile, 

145.  Te  in  parte  copli  Pnetulerim,  coelique  lubens  in  parte  locirim.  146 

mteum  Disce  tuum,  ne  me  incuses,  Jutnma,  dolorem 

Quk  visa  est  fortuna  pati,  Parceque  sinebant 

148.  Res  codere  jjrot-  Cedere  res  Latio,  Turnum  et  tua  mo&nia  texi : 
pcr€  Latio  Nunc  juvenem  imparibus  video  concurrere  fads, 

Parcarumque  dies  et  vis  inimica  propinquat.  IfiO 

Non  pugnam  aspicere  hanc  oculis,  non  foedera  posnn 

15t.  Si  tu  audet/oeer^  Xu,  pro  germano  si  quid  pr<esentii)is  audes, 
^"'^  Perge  ;  decet :  forsan  miseros  meliora  sequentur 

154.  Vix  dixerai  ea     Vix  ea  ;  cum  lachrymas  oculis  Juturna  profudit» 

Terque  quaterque  manu  pectus  percussit  honestum.  \U 
Non  lachrymis  hoc  tempus,  ait  Saturnia  Juno ; 
Accelera,  et  fratrem,  si  quis  modus,  eripe  morti : 
Aut  tu  bella  cie,  conceptumque  excute  foedua. 
Auctor  ego  audendi.     Sic  exhortata  reliquit 

160.  Eam  incertam     Incertam,  et  tristi  turbatam  vulnere  mentis.  160 

161.  Regee  procedunt      Intercci  reges  :  ingenti  mole  Latinus 

^  ^^^  Quadrijugo  vehitur  curru,  cui  tempora  circCun 

NOTES, 

This  mount  was  called  Alban,  from  ^iba         152.    Prauentiiu.     Servius  takes  tliii  % 

Lonti^a,  a  city  built  by  Ascanius  aflcr  hc  iiad  the  scnse  of  eficaciiis^  vel  vehemmtHuM»   Bit 

reigncd  at  Lavinium  thirty  ycars.     For  the  it  may  rcfer  to  what  Juno  had  just  Lefore 

reason  of  its  name,  sce  ^n.  viii.  44.  said  ;  nonpugnam:  I  rannot  bcarto9eetiM 

140.  Pratsidr.t.  Jutuma  is  by  Ovid  callcd  combat;  I  can  only  laincnt  l.is  hard  fale. 
a  yaiad,  A  fountain  issuing  from  the  foot  and  intercedo  for  him  at  a  distance:  buUi 
of  inount  Alban,  and  a  lake  which  it  sup-  you  have  courage  (audes)  to  lcnd  joor 
plied,  wcro  sacred  to  her.  The  river  flowed  brother  some  nearer  aid,  and  aspist  hio 
into  the  Tibor.  Its  wator  was  celcbrated  with  your  presence,  thcn  sct  about  it  imar 
for  ita  purity.  diately  :  it  becomes  you  to  altemp»  <L    Ra- 

141.  Sacratnt :    in  the  sense  of  donavit.     sbus  says,  utilius. 

This  honor  Jupiter  confcrred  upon  hcr,  in  155.  Honestum:  in  tho  Bcnse  oT  decprvm. 

compensation  of  her  lost  virginity.  158.  Cie:  in  the  sensc  of  exciia.    Cin* 

143.  PratuUrim  te:  1  preferred  thec  alone,  ceplum :  in  the  sense  of  inetpium.  Eitvtt: 
Ssc,  in  the  sense  of/range.    Rusus  says,  dissif». 

144.  Ingratum:  tho  bed  here  is  called  } 59.  Ego  auctor  avdendi:  I  am  tlie  anlhsr 
nngrateful,  to  savo  the  indcccncy  of  giving  (adviser)  of  tJie  daring  attenipt.  The  ge- 
tiiUl  hariili  epithnt  to  Jove.  The  amours  of  rund  is  hero  used  in  the  sense  of  ausi. 
Jupiter  wcre  ahvays  displeasing  to  Juno.  160.  Tristi  vuinere :  with  bitter  ap<Aj  o( 
Valpy  obscrves,  llittt  tlio  word  is  to  bc  takcn  mind.  Vulnus^  is  properly  a  wound;  bf 
in  tlo  scnsc  of  ini^r^ra/t,  agreeing  with  Jovis.  meton.  thc  wounding  instrument;  alsothf 
Huyno  says,  i7tti.«({m  ni/^i\  reforring  to  Juno.  pain^  or  anguish   arising  from  the  wouni 

145.  In  pnrte:  in  the  scnse  of  participim.     lluapus  says,  solicitudine. 

147.  Qua ;  os  for  as — as  long  as.  lluipus  1(31.  Ingenti  mole  :  with  a  mighty  retin  a 
iiays,  quntrnus.  Rutpus  soys,  magno  apparatu. 

148.  Trxi :  In  the  senso  of  de/endi.  163.  Bis  sex  aurati  radii  :  twclve  gt^da 
150.  Dies  ei  ijtimica :  this  is  a  circumlo-     rays  or  heams  represcnted  th*^  twelve  si{[Di 

cution,  dcnoting  that  tho  last  day  of  the     of  the  zodiac.     Cui  tempora:  aroaud 
iife  of  Turnus  had  arrived.  mful^ent  templea,  Acc 


iENEIS.    LIB.  XII.  57d 

Aurati  bis  sex  radii  fulgentia  cingunt, 

Bolis  avi  speciiTien  :  bigis  it  Tumus  in  albis, 

Bina  manu  lato  cnspans  hastilia  ferro.  1 65 

Hinc  pater  i£neas,  Romanae  stirpis  ori}(o, 

Sidereo  flagrans  clypco  et  ca^lcstibus  armis, 

Et  juxti  Ascanius,  magnse  spes  altera  Romo,  16^  E^  ji"rt»  ««» 

Procedunt  castris :  pur&que  in  veste  sacerdos 

Setigers  fcBtum  suis,  intonsamque  bidentem  170 

Attulit,  adinovitque  pecus  flagrantibus  aris. 

Illi  ad  surgentem  conversi  lumina  Solem, 

Dant  fruges  manibus  salsas,  et  tempora  ferro 

Summa  notant  pecudum,  patcrisque  altaria  libant 

Tum  pius  i£n^  stricto  sic  ense  precatur :  175 

Esto  nunc  Sol  testis,  et  haBC  mihi  terra  precanti,  176.  Nunc  m,  O  Sol, 

Quam  propter  tantos  potui  perferre  labores :  ®'   ^^^  ^™'-  propter 

Et,  pater  omnipotens,  et  tu,  Satumia  Juno,  tM^XiJ^^T-tT  u^^i 

Jam  melior,  jam  Diva,  precor :  tuque,  inclyte  Mavors,     mihi 
Cuncta  tuo  qui  bella  pater  sub  numine  torques,  180     179.  Precorrv< 

Fontesque  fluviosque  voco  ;  quseque  aetheris  alti  180.  O  inclyte  pater 

Relligio,  et  quae  coemleo  sunt  numina  ponto  :  Mavonh  qui 

Ccsserit  Ausonio  si  fors  victoria  Turno, 

Convenit,  Evandri  victos  discedere  ad  urbem ;  184.  Dn^anM  victoe 

Cedet  lulus  agris ;  nec  pdst  arma  uila  rebelles  185 

NOTES. 

164.  Speeimen :  after  the  maiincr  of  his        174.  Peeudum :  in  tho  lenae  of  fneHma, 

grandBire,  the  Sun.    Latinus  wai  tho  grand-  rum,    Paieritque :  and  they  made  libationt 

Son  of  Picut^  who  took  Circe  the  daughter  upon  the  altan.    Thia  was  the  dropping,  or 

of  the  Sun  to  wife,  and  by  her  had  /Viunta,  sprinkiing  of  wine,  or  other  iiquor,  upon  the 

the  fatlier  of  Latinut^  who  waa,  therefore,  aJtar,  from  the  aacred  bowls,  or  goblets. 
tbe  grandson  of  the  Sun.    MHs  Bigu :  in         179.  Melior  Dira.    Juno  wae  the  impla. 

a  chanol  drawn  by  two  white  steeds.    // ;  cable  enemy  of  the  Trojan  race.     iEneas 

ID  the  sense  of  vehiiur.  would  intimate,  that  now  at  lcngth,  she  was 

167.  Flagrant:  in  the  sense  of  retplendena  ceasing  from  her  rescntment,  and  becoming 

vcl  lucent.  more  favorable  to  tliem.     Precor :  I  bcseech 

170.  Faium  tetigera  tuit:  the  young  of  you.    Melior:  in  the  sense  of  propitia  vel 

a  bristly  sow — a  pig.    Rufeus  observes,  that  fnt/jf. 

the  ewc-lamb  (inioruam  bideniem)  was  of-         -jw.    'r«.«„« ,  ;«  *u^  -««-«  «r  — *v-  ««i 

fered  for  iEneis  after  the  manncr  of  the  ,   ^^'  Torquet:  in  the  scnse  of  regtt  vol 

Oreeks,  who  commonly   raUfied  a  league  ^'    Jfumtne :  m  ihe  .ense  oT  polettate. 
with  the  sacrifice  of  a  sheep  or  lamb.     The        181-  ^uaque  relligio.     By  reUigio  we  are 

•wino  again  is  for  LaUnus,  after  the  Roman  here  to  understand  the  objecU  of  rehgious 

or  Italian  manner ;  which,  according  to  Li vy,  worship— Uie  gods  of  heaven  above ;  in  op- 

was  of  great  antiquity.     He  gives  the  form  posiUon  to  tlie  objects  of  rehgious  woiship 

of  ratifying  a  league  in  the  rcign  of  TuUut  «n  the  earth.    The  vcrb  ett  »  to  be  supphed. 

Hottiliut.     Having  invoked  Jupiter,  the  fe-  Ru»U8  says,  quaeunque  divinitat.     Voeo : 

cialit  or  priest  says :   Illit  legibut  poyulut  >»  ^©  "«"«e  of  tnvoco  velprecor. 
tum  d^iet.     Si  prior  defecerUy  publico  eon"        iEneas  here  makes  a  very  solemn  invoca* 

tilio^  dolo  malo ;  tu  Ulo  dicy  Jupittr^  populum  tion  of  tho  gods  fibove,  and  of  thc  dettiea 

Bie  ferUo^  ui  ego  hune  poreum  hodie  feriam :  that  preside  over  the  sea,  to  witness  the 

ianib  magit  ferito^  quanio  magU  potet  pol"  ratification  of  the  treaty.     The  dcitics  here 

letquc  named  were  those  that  were  callcd  Dii  roifr- 

\1\.  Peeut:  in  the  sense  of  vic/tfnai.    At'  tmmet^  or  gods  common  to  both  sidos  or 

fuiit :  in  the  sense  of  adduxU.    AdmovU :  parties  to  the  contract. 

in  Ihe  «n.e  of  i/aft.</.  183.  For* .-  in  the  «m.e  of /or«. 

172.  Lumina:  m  the  sense  of  ocu/o«  vel  *' 

faeiem.  184.    Convenit :    it  is  agreed  upon.     jf4 

173.  Dani:    in  the  sense  of  tpargunt.    urbem  Evandri :  this  was  the  city  Paflatk' 
Fhiget :  m  the  sense  of  moiam,  ieum.    See  £n.  viii.  54. 


^Ttt  P-  VIRCILII    MARONI8 

^noadfle  referent,  forrove  hasc  regna  laceasent. 
Sin  nostrum  annuerit  nobis  victoria  Martem, 

188.  Piriueiit  tpem      (Ut  potius  reor,  et  potius  Dl  numine  finnent) 

Non  e^o  nec  Teucris  Italos  parere  jubeho^ 
Nec  mihi  regna  peto.     Paribus  se  legibus  ambe        190 
Invictae  gentes  ctema  in  fuedera  mittant. 
Sacra  Deosque  dabo  :  socer  arma  Latinus  habetft 
193.  Socar  habeio  so-  Imperium  solemne  socer .  mihi  moenia  Teucri 
'^"^^  Constituent^  urbique  dabit  Lavinia  nomen. 

Sic  prior  i£nea8 :  sequitur  sic  deinde  Latinus,       199 
Suspiciens  cotlum,  tenditque  ad  sidera  dextram : 
197.  OJEnetL,yxToper  Hsec  eadem,  iEnea,  terram,  mare,  aidera  juro, 
h»c  eadem  numina^  per  Latonieque  genus  duplez,  Janumque  bifrontem, 
*•"■"*  Vimque  DeAm  infemam,  et  diri  sacraria  Ditis : 

Audiat  hfiec  genitor,  qui  foedera  fulmine  sai^cit :         SOC 
Tango  aras  ;  mediosque  ignes  et  numina  testor : 
Nulla  dies  pacem  hanc  Italis,  nec  fcBdera  rumpet« 
Qud  res  cunque  cadent :  nec  me  vis  ulla  volenteui 
904.  Non;  ti  illa  vu  Avertet :  non,  si  tellurem  effundat  in  undas 
•"^**  Diluvio  miscens ;  ccelumve  in  Tartara  solvat :  ttl 

Ut  sceptrum  hoc  (deztrA  sceptrum  naro  Ibrtd  gerebtt) 
Nunquam  fronde  levi  fundet  virgulta,  nec  lunbraa, 

NOTES. 

187.  J^oMtrum :  noiter  here  is  uned  in  the        201.    Tango  aras,    It  wna  a  ciutom  li 

■enee  of  propitium  vel  §eeundum,    Mars  is  thoie  wbo  made  ■oppUcation^  ofiered  ma 

hie,  or  on  his  side,  whoee  intereet  he  es-  iice,  or  took  an  oath,  to  laj  their  hand«  npi 

pouses.     Annuerit:  shall   prove,  show,  or  the  altar.     Thie  custom  haa  descended 

declare  Mars.     Servius  takes  it  by  hypal-  the  present  time,  in  administering  Uie  s 

lag^e,   for  noster  Mar*    annuerit    victoriam  lemnitics  of  an  oath.     The  party  taking  U 

nobis,  oath  lays  his  hand  on  the  bible^  and  cal 

1H8.  Kumine :  Rua^us  says,  auctoritate,  God  to  witness  the  truth  of  his  declaratk 

189.  ^^''on:  this  appears  to  be  nicrely  ex-  Medios  ignes :  those  fires  common  to  bs 
plettve.  parties — in  which  they  partook. 

190.  Leges:  terms — conditions.  Mittant:         203.  (^uocunque:  the  part^  of  the  irs 
in  the  sense  of  jnn^ant.  are  separated  by  tmesis,  for  the  sake  of  t 

192.  Socer  haheto  anna :  let  my  falher-in-  verse  :  howsoever,     Avertet :  in  the  senss 

la^v  have  the  mana^cinont  of  peace  and  war :  abducet. 

wnich  is  the  same  thin^  as  bcing  king.    This  "lOA.  Si  effundat.    Servius  taket  this  is 

is  more  fully   exprcKscd  in  tho  next  line.  hypallage   for   ^undat  undas  in  teUura 

Soltinne:  usual — customary.     Heyno  says,  should  deluge  tho  earth — throw  the  waU 

tegitimum:    Rusus,  sttpremum.     Dabo :    I  over  the  earth.     Ruieus  takes  it  to  im] 

will   attend   to   religious  rites,  and    to  the  the    sinking   and   dissolving   of   the  esi 

gods — 1  will  regulate  the  ceremonics  of  re-  itself  into  the  water»  of  the  ocean.     Hcj 

ligion,  aiid  the  worship  of  the  gods.     This  appears  to  adopt  the  same  opinion. 

ulludes   to  the  Penates^  and    Vtsta^  whose  Latinus  here  ezpresses  his  full  deten 

worship,  it  is  said,  iEneas  introduced  into  nation    to   abide  by  the  conditions  of  I 

I'aly.  treaty,  and  declares,  tliat  no  power  shoi 

i97.  Juro  heee  eadem,     Latinus  swears  by  divcrt  him  from  it  with  his  consent,  notei 

the  eamo  gods,  by  whom  iEneas  had  just  if  the  world  ^ere  wrapped  in  a  deluge^a 

■wom,  besidcs  those  here  enumerated.    Du-  a  general  dissolution  of  things  take  pki 

plex  genus :  by  this  we  are  to  understand  Ruieus  says,  dissolvat  ierram  in  aquat^  a 

Apollo  and  Diana,  who  were  twin  children  funden*  eam  dUuvio, 

ofLatona.  205.  Solvat,     Rueus  says,  c/f/trra/.    I 

]  99.  Vim  infemam :  by  the  infemal  power  vidson  renders  the  words,  ^*  plunge  heai 

of  the  gods — the  powerofthe  infemal  gods.  into  hell."     Heyne  saya,  miteent  rc/usi 

That  is,  the  infernal  gods  themselves.     So  Tartarum. 

p^B  odi>ra  eanum.     JEn.  iv.  132.     Saeraria :  206,    Ut  teeptrum,     This   comparisoi 

mnciuary  of  direful  Pluto.  taken  almost  literally  from  Homer.    /^ 

900.  Gcnitor:  JupileT  dti:  sball  put  forth,  or  produce. 


iENElS.    LtB.  XH.  577 

Cdni  scmel  in  sylvi»  imo  de  atirpe  recisum 

Matre  caret,  posuitque  comas  et  brachia  ferro; 

Olimarbos;  nunc  artificis  manua  «re  decoro  SIO     210.  Olim  ero/ arbot 

Inclusit,  patnbusque  dedit  gestare  LatiniB.  211.  Includt  eam  d^ 

Talibus  inter  se  firmabant  foRdera  dictis,  «ow  ■«• 

Conspectu  in  medio  procerum.     Tum'  ritd  sacratas 

In  flamraam  jugulant  pecudes,  et  viscera  vivis  214.  liidem  vivii 

Eripiunt,  cumuiantque  oneratis  lancibus  araa  216 

At  verd  Rutulis  impar  ea  pugna  videri  216.  Ea  pug^na  eaqpu 

Jamdudum,  et  vario  misceri  pectora  motu : 

Tuin  magis,  ut  propii]ui  cemunt  non  viribus  asquis.  218.    Cernont    duce$ 

Adjiivat  iricessu  tacito  progreasus,  et  aram  ettenon 

Suppliciter  venerans  deroisso  lumine,  Tumus,  220  ^^-  T"™"*  ^^i^y[ 

Tabentesque  genas,  et  juvenili  in  corpore  pallor.  neLuM^^^*"*^    ^'°' 

Qiiem  simul  ac  Jutuma  soror  crebrescere  vidit  222.  Quem  lermontfm 

8ermonem,  et  vulgi  variare  labantia  corda  :  tnier  RuiuUn  rimul 

In  medias  acies,  fbrmam  assimulata  Camerti, 
Cui  genus  k  proavis  ingeos,  clarumque  patem»         225 
Nonien  erat  virtutis,  et  ipse  acerrimus  armis, 

In  medias  dat  sese  acies,  haud  nescia  remm,  227.  /n^tiM,  ia  um- 

Rumoresque  serit  varios,  ac  talia  fatur :  "*•*  acies,  haud 

Non  pudet,  6  Rutuli,  cunctis  pro  talibus  nnam 
Dbjectare  animam  ?  numerone,  an  viribus  flequi  230 

Non  sumus?  En,  omnes  et  Trods  et  Arcades  hi  sunt, 
Fatalisque  manus,  infensa  Etruria  Turno. 
Vix  hostem,  altemi  si  congrediamur,  habemus. 

Ille  quidem  ad  Su|>eros,  quorum  se  devovet  aris,  234.  Hle  7\/micf 

Succedet  fam&,  vivusque  per  ora  teretur  :  236     235.  Per  ora  hominym 

NOTE8. 

20B.   Cum  temel:  unce  onoe  cut  in  the  226.  JVomcn ;  renown — fame.  ^eerrimui 

woodf  from  the  lowest  stem,  it  u  deprived  in  the  lenee  of  fortiuimut,    Erai  ie  to  be 

of  the  nouiiflbment  of  iU  parent  stock.  repeated  with  thie  word,   and    also  with 

209.  Potuii:  hath  laid  aside — been  ftrip-  geniu,  in  the  precedin|^  llne. 

ped  of.  229.  Taiilnu.    Serviui  thinki  we  are  to 

210.  Manus:  the  ekill  of  the  artist  Jtfio-  nnderstand  by  thiA  word  that  all  of  them 
ntu :  the  hand,  by  meton.  art — tkill.  were  equal  to  Turnns  in  valor.      Rnvui 

211.  Patribtu:  in  the  sense  of  re^fruf.  says,  omnibus  iit,      Davidson   rendera   it, 

214.  Pecudet  juf^ant :  they  kill  the  la»  ^  all  these."  ^nimam  unam:  the  life  of 
cred  victims  over  the  flamea  of  the  altar.  Tumus. 

215.  Cumulant:  thej  heap,  or  load  the  231.  Hi:  this  is  the  reading  of  Hejno 
altars.     Se^  JEn,   viii.  284.     Oneraiit :   in  Tho  common  reading  is  hie. 

Ihe  scnse  of  plenit,  232.  Fatalit  manut,     By  these  words  Sor- 

221.  To^en/ei/g^enie.*  lank,orfallencheekB.  vius  imderstands  the  Trojans,  who  wero 
Some  copies  read  pubentet:  but  talentet  i»  destined  to  come  into  Italy.  But  it  ie  bet- 
confirined  by  the  authority  of  the  best  nia-  ter  to  understand  it  of  Uie  Tuteant^  who 
nnscripts,  and  is  most  a^eeable  to  the  de-  were  directed  by  fate  to  put  themselves 
aign  of  the  poet.     Heyne  says,  tabentet.  under  the  conduct  of   ^neas,   a    foreign 

222.  F^idit :  in  the  sense  of  tentit.  leader ;  and  on  that  condition  alone,  t  ley 

223.  Labantia :  in  tho  sense  of  mobilta.  were  assured  of  success.  See  Lib.  viii.  601. 
Variare  t  in  tJie  sense  of  ditsentire :  to  be  This  interpretation  frees  Virgil  from  the  im« 
dissatisfied  at  the  conditions  of  the  troaty,  putation  of  idle  repetition.  Etruria  infenta 
made  between  Latinus  and  .£neas.  7Wno;  one  part  of  Etruria  was  hostile  to 

224.  Attimulata :  personating  the  form  of  Tumus  ;  and  another  assisted  him,  under 
Camertus,  sne  throws  herself,lcc.  The  tm  the  command  of  Messapus.  The  faiaHt 
msdiat  aetet  is  to  be  taken  aher  the  same  mawut  i»  evidently  the  same  as  Etrurt»^  tn- 
wonlf,  in  Jine  227,  infra.  fenta  Tumo. 

22i.  0«nia;   origin— ^Mcent.    Cut.*  in        233.  Altemi:   every  other  one.     Tbey 
llie  acnae  of  n^tcf.    Ingm»:  giaal    iUua     Wf^  Jouble  the  numMr  of  the  enerov. 
trious.  2ao.  Vvmtq^  fknhtr  ftr  9ra     Thiahu 

88 


678  P*  VIRGILU  MARON1S 

No8,  patrift  amissi,  dominis  parem  8U|)erbis 
Cogemur,  qui  nunc  lenti  coMedimuB  arvis. 

Talibus>  incensa  est  juvenum  aententia  dietia 
Jam  magis  atque  magis  :  serpitque  per  agmina  Hiunma 
340.  Matau  »iau  mm-  Ipsi  Laurentes  mutati,  ipaque  Latini ;  UL 

^^  Qui  sibi  jam  requiem  pugne,  rebusque  salutem 

Sperabant ;  nunc  arma  volunt,  fcedusque  precantur 
Infectum,  et  Tumi  sortem  miserantur  iniquam. 
244.  Hii  rebu»  jjjg  ^„^1  ^,^^^^  Jutuma  adjungit,  et  alto 

Dat  signum  coelo :  quo  non  prasentius  uUum  tK 

Turbavit  mentea  Italas,  monstroque  fefellit. 
t47.  Nunqae  aquUa^  Namque  Yolans  rubrA  fiilvus  Jovb  ales  in  ethri, 
(Viivua  alM  JoTii  Litoreas  agitabat  aves,  turbaipque  sonantem 

Agminis  aligeri :  subitd  cum  lapsus  ad  undaa 
Cycnum  excellentem  pedibus  rapit  improbus  uncis.   Sfii 
Arrex^re  animos  Itali ;  cunctaeque  volucres 
Convertunt  clamore  fligam,  mirabile  visu  1 
iEtheraque  obscurant  pennis,  bostemque  per  auras, 
S54.  Doneo  aleo  vic-  Factft  nube,  premunt :  donec  vi  victus,  et  ipso    • 
tus  vi,  et  ipM  pondere  Pondere  defecit,  prsedamque  ex  unguibus  ales  21 

^^  Projecit  fluvio,  penitilksque  in  nubila  fugit. 

Tum  verd  augurium  Rutuli  clamore  salutant, 
Expediuntque  manus :  primusque  Tolumnius  auginr, 
859.  Hoc,  hoo  erat  td^  Hoc  erat,  boc,  votis,  inquit,  quod  saspe  petivi ; 
<lQod  Accipio,  agnoscoque  Deos.     Me,  me  duce,  femim  IC 

260.  Accipio  omen       Corripite,  6  RutuU,  quos  improbus  advena  beUo 

N0TE8. 

plies,  that  he  should  be  immortal.     Sueeedtt:  254.  Jfube/aetd :  a  cloud  l>emg  fcrTned 

in  the  sense  of  eueendet.  closing  in  thick  array  around  him,  thej  foi 

237.  Lenti:  idle — lazy — at  our  case. —  a  cloud,  and  darken  the  sky  with  thi 
Ruscus  says,  otiosi.  wings. 

238.  Sententia :  resolution — mind.  Heyne  255.  DefecU :  failed  in  his  strenglh. 
•ays,  animxu.  257.  Augurium.     This  word  here  is  ns 

241.  Rebux:  to  tho  state.  in  its  proper  sense,  which  is  an  onien 

243.  Infectum :  unmade — broken.  prognostic,  taken  from  thc  flight,  or  chirpi 

244.  Hit :  to  thcse  inccntives — incite-  of  birds.  The  Rutulians  were  right  in  ( 
ments.  plaining  the  eaglc  to  mean  ^ncas,  the  sTxri 

245.  Prctsentius :  morc  ciTcctual :  an  adj.  Turnus,  ond  the  other  birds,  to  me&n  the 
3f  the  comp.  ncu.  agreeing  with  portentum  selvcs.     But  thcy  werc  mistakcn,  in  t&ki 
vel  monstrum^  understood.     It  governs  quo  this   augury,    which  Jutuma   procurcd, 
m  thc  abl.  tfian  vkich.     It  may  bo  rcndcred  huvo  becn  sent  from  tho  gods.     To  this 
adverbially.  aliusion  is  made  in  verse   246,  moMlrw^ 

246.  Monstro:  deceived  thcm  by  the  pro-  fefellit.      This  interposition   of  a  super 
digy.     Any  thing  that  is,  or  happens,  con-  powcr,   was  necessary  to    account  for  I 
trary  to  the  ordinary  course  of  things,  may  euddcn  change  produced  in  tJie  minds 
be  callcd  monstrum.  the  Rutulians  and  Latins. 

247.  Rubrd  athrd  :  in  the  ruddy  sky.  258.  Expediunt  manus.  By  this,  Vil 
Lttoreas  aves :  sea-fowls — fowls  frequcnting  understands  clevating  of  their  hand  in  toi 
thc  sea  shore.  that  they  wcre  preparcd  and  ready  for  bttt 

24U.   Turbam :  in  the  sense  of  multitudi-  Rueeus   says,   explicant  manus.     Davidi 

n^m.    Aligeri  agminis :  of  the  winged  tribo :  rcndcrs  tho  words,  "  they  put  their  liw 

llio  same  in  sense  with  volucrum.     Sonan-  in   array,^^  which   is  Uio  sense  of   Ru0 

tem:  rcfors  to  the  sound  mado  by  the  mo-  HcynediiTcrsfromboth  thcse  intcrpretatia 

tion  of  tiieir  wings,  as  they  passed  thr^ugh  He  says,  expediunt  manus  ut  arrra  capiw 

•.hc  air.     Rucpus  sayp,  */rf;>i7an/em.  thcy  preparc  to  takc  their  arms.     Thitsel 

250.  Improbns  :  in  Iho  scnse  of  avidus.  been  laid  asidc,  uhily»  ihc  prcpariition«  wi 

251.  Arrexere:  in  the  scnsc  o( rustulerunt.     making,  and  the  league  was  ratifying     S 
S52.  Fu^,am :  thcir  couisc.  verso  130,  supra. 


iENEIS.    LIB.  XII.  OTt 

'l^titai,  invalidas  ut  aves ;  et  litora  vestra 

Vi  populaL     Petet  ille  fugam,  penitillflque  profuiido 

Veia  dab^.     Voa  unanimi  densate  catervas, 

£t  regem  vobis  pugn&  defendite  raptum.  S66  ' 

Dizit :  et  adversos  telum  contorsit  in  hostes 

Procurrens :  sonitum  dat  stridula  comus,  et  aurui 

Certa  secat.    Simul  hoc ;  simul  ingens  clamor ;  et  omnes     ^^  Siniiil  hocfii 

Turbati  cunei,  cale&ctaque  corda  tumultu.  S69.  Tuibati  nmi 

Hasta  volans,  ut  fortd  noVem  pulcherrima  firatrum      S70 

Corpora  constiterant  contrk,  quos  lida  creArat 

Una  tot  Arcadio  conjux  Tjrrrbena  Gylippo ; 

Horum  unum  ad  medium,  teritur  quii  sutilis  alvo  S73.     Hasta    volai» 

Balteus,  et  laterum  juncturas  fibela  mordet,  toaiwadigit  unum  horam 

Egregium  formA  juvenem  et  fulgentibus  armis,  ^'^^^l'!T^S^J!Z^JS^ 

0w%  j-    A        A       r  I  A  ir     jt'^  —-1  yenem  e^^egium  formi, 

Transadigit  costes,  fulv&que  effundit  areni.  et  fulgentibuB  armia,  ad 

At  fratres,  animosa  phalanx,  accensaque  luctu,  medium  eorjmt^  qu4  m- 

Pars  gladios  stringunt  manibus,  pars  missile  ferrum  tilia  baltene 

Corripiunt,  ciecique  ruunt :  quos  agmina  contri 

Procumint  Laurentiim.     Hic  densi  rursiis  inundant  280 

Troes,  Agyllinique,  et  pictis  Arcades  armis. 

Sic  omnes  amor  unus  habet  decernere  ierro. 

Diripu^re  aras  :  it  toto  turbida  coelo 

Tempestas  telorum,  ac  ferrcus  ingruit  imber : 

Craterasque,  focosque  ferunt.     Fugit  ipse  Latinus     S86 

Pulsatos  referens,  infecto  fcedere,  Divoe. 

Infnenant  alii  currus,  aut  corpora  sahu 

Subjiciunt  in  equos,  et  strictis  ensibus  adsunt. 

MessapuB  regem,  regisque  insigne  gerentem, 

NOTE8. 

Wi,  Irwalida»  avet:  th«0  agreea  with  guoi^  S79.  Cm :  blind  to  danger. 

mentioned  before,  and  ligmfiea  the  aame  280.  Intmdani:   dclnge  the  plain.    Tlla 

with  tt :  aa  week  birds..  word  ia  venr  expreaaive.    Thej  move  like  a 

263  Prafundo :  in  the  ■enie  of  maru  Pf-  devouring  flood.    AgyUuU :  the  Tuecans,  eo 

mitvM :  far  remoto— far  dittant.  Lengi^  sayi  called  from  AgyUa^  one  of  their  citiee. 

Raeua.  282.  Unvu  amor :  one  mind— 4eeire. 

264.    Densate :   thicken  jour  rank»— in  283.  Diripuire :  thej  stripped  the  altara. 

eioee  and  compact  array,  defend,  ftc  Rueus  284.    Ingrait:   poura  down  apon  thom. 

wtiJ9^  eoUigUe  agmina,  7V»we#/a«:  acloud— «torm.    //.*  coventke 

267.  Corinu» :   this  was  a  spear  (haMltL)  whole  heaven.     Turbida :  thick — terrifie. 
wboee  shafl  was  made  of  the  comeil-tree.  285.  Foeot :  in  the  aonBe  of  ignea, 

268.  Simul  hoe,  The  meanine  ia,  that  ai  287.  InfreBnant  eurrus:  thej  prepare  tbeir 
0oon  as  tho  spear  was  thrown  by  Tolumnius,  chariots — they  hamess  their  horses  in  them. 
all  tbe  troops  were  eager  to  engage,  and  Subjieiuni:  with  a  spring,  thaj  mouni,  or 
Ibeir  courage  was  roused  for  batUe.  This  throw  themselvee  upon  their  horses.  Livj 
tbey  signifi^  by  a  great  shout.  uses  this  verb  in  the  same  eense :  pavidum 

f69>  Cunei.    The  euneut  was  a  oompany  regem  in  emmm  tubjeeii, 
9li  men  drawn  ap  in  the  form  of  a  wedge :        288.  Aatuni :  in  the  sense  of  tiuteiil,  vel 

Kimce  it  came  to  signiiy  troops  in  general,  eoneurruni. 

in  tlie  present  case.  289.  Mett*tput  avidut^  &c    The  meaning 


270.  Corpora  fratrum :  simply, /ra/re#.  of  the  passage  appears  to  be  this:  Messapus 

271.  Credrat :  by  syn.  for  ereaverat:  in  desirous  of  breaking  the  league,  as  soon  as 
Ihe  sense  of  pepererat.  mounted  on  his  horse,  made  an  attack  upon 

272.  Coruux :  wife.     Una :  one.  7\ucan  Aulettet^  with  his  horse  Aill  in  front. 

273.  Qifi  tutUit :  whcre  the  stitched  belt  This  so  alarmed  him,  that  attempting  to  re- 
fa  wom  around  the  belly.  treat  or  givo  back,  be  W  from  his  horse 

274.  Mordet :  binds,  or  fastens.    JunetU"  amoDg   the   altars,   which    had  jusl  been 
rtff.'  the  ends  or  eztremities  of  the  belt  erected   for  the  purpoee  of  ratifying  Uie 

278.  Stringunt    in  the  senae  of  edueuni,  league.    bk  this  aitaation,  Meesapoa,  ristAC 


ygO  P.  VmGILU  MARONIS 

Tyrrhenum  Aulesten,  avidus  confundere  fodua,         29( 
Advenio  proterret  equo :  ruit  iile  recedetiB, 
JW5.  /n  arii  oppontiB  E^  niiser  oppoaitis  k  tergo  involvitur  aria, 
^  ^'S^  In  caput,  inque  humeros.     At  fervidua  adv<^t  baaU 

Messapus,  teloque  orantem  roulta  trabaii 
f»S,    AUusque  equo  Desuper  altus  equo  graviter  ferit,  atque  ita  (atur :      f9i 
ddsuper    graviter    forit  j|^  i^^^^ .  ^^  melior  magnis  data  victima  DiviB. 

'"296"^^°'  hibrt  hoc  Concurrunt  ItaU,  spoliantque  calentia  membra. 
^ln^  Obvius  ambustum  torrem  Chorinsus  ab  ari 

299.  Obvius    Ebuso  Corripit,  et  venienti  Ebuso  plagamque  ferenti 
venienti,  ferentique  pla-  Qccupat  08  flammis.     Olli  mgens  barba  reluxit,         301 
C^  Nidoremque  anvbusta  dedit.     Super  ipee  secutus 

Caesariem  levlL  turbati  corripit  hostis, 
Impressoque  genu  nilens  teme  applicat  ipsom. 
304.    Podaliriue    le- Sic  rigido  latus  ense  ferit     Podalirius  Alsum 
quena  nudo  en>e  Pastorem,  primAque  acie  per  tela  ruentem,  30 

Ense  sequens  nudo  superimminet :  ille  securi 
307.  Ejtu  adveni       Adversi  frontem  mediam  mentumque  reductA 

Disjicit,  et  sparso  latd  rigat  arma  cruore. 
Olli  dura  quies  oculos  et  ferreus  urget 
Somnus  ;  in  etemam  clauduntur  lumina  noctem.       31 

At  pius  iEneas  dextram  tendebat  inermem 
Nudato  capite,  atque  suos  clamore  vocabat : 
Qud  ruitis  ?  quseve  ista  repens  discordia  surgit  ? 

314.  FoBdui  ictum  ett  O  cohibete  iras !  ictum  jam  foedus,  et  onmes 

315.  Ju«  concurrere  Compositse  leges  :  mihi  jus  concurrere  soli :  31 
tMt  nuhi  soh;  ■inite  me  ^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^  auferte  metus.     Ego  foedera  faxo 

316.  Ego  faxo  manu,  Firma  manu  :  Tumum  jam  debent  haec  mibi  sacra 
vi  fcBdera  Hni.  Has  inter  voces,  media  inter  talia  verba, 

NOTES. 

high  upon  his  steed  to  give  the  blow  more  the  sacrifices ;  which  accounta  for  his  ben 

effect,  gives  him  a  mortal  wound ;  while  he  at  the  altars.     Reluxit :    his  beard  caog 

m  the  meon  time  is  pleading  for  his  life,  fire,  and  shone— blazed. 

without  avail.     Insigne:  in  the  sense  of  or-  301.  Sitper :  in  the  sense  of  instq>er  i 

namentum.  prceterea,     Ipse :  ChorinKus. 

291.    Proterret :   afiVights — alarms — con-  802.  7\ir6a<i :  affrightcd — confused. 

founds.     Ruii :  in  tho  sense  of  eadii.  303.  Impresso  genu :  exerting  himself  wi 

294.  TVabali :  in  the  senso  of  ingenii.  his  knee  being  thniBt  bard  against  him,  1 

296.  Melior  victima :  a  better,  or  more  is  enabled  to  puU  Ebusus  over,  and  brii 
efiTectual  victim  to  appease  the  gods,  than  him  to  the  ground.  Applicat :  Rueus  saj 
tho8e  that  had  been  offered  for  the  league  tiemii, 

on  the  altars,  where  he  had  fallen  ;  to  wit,  306.  Superimminet :  in  the  aense  of  prea 

a  lamb  or  a  pig.     Habet  hoc.     This  was  an  vel  urget,     Seeuri  reductd :    his  axe  bei' 

expression  made  by  the  spoctators  at  the  drawn  back  to  give  the  blow — with  his  t 

shows  of  the  gladiators,  when  any  one  re*  drawn  back. 

coived  a  mortal  wound.  308.  Disjieit :  in  the  sense  of  tcindU  i 

297.  Spoliant :  strip  his  limbs  jet  warm.  teeat, 

Ruaeus  says,  nudant,  309.  OUi :  for  illi,  and  this  again  in  t 

298.  Obvius :   in  the  sense  of  adversus,     sense  of  itliut, 

Ru6eus  says,  occurrens,  31 1.  Inermem :  unarmed :  of  m,  and  am 

300.  Occupat  os :  he  strikee  him  on  the        313.  Rrpent :  in  the  lense  of  tulnta, 
face  with  the  fire-brand.   This  prevented  the         315.  Leget:  the  terma  or  condiUons  of  t 
Wow  that  was  intended  by  Ebusus  to  be  treaty. 

given  to  him.     Occupat  ot :  Rueus  says,  tn-  316.    Ego  faxo :  the  meaning  is :  I  ^ 

tereepit  vultum  flammis,     Heyne  says,  ferii  make  good  my  part  of  the  treaty,  and  thi 

occupando.    Thia  ChorinfBUs  was  a  Trojan  sacred  rites  give  me  aecuritjr,  that  Tun 

priest.    He  had  been  engaged  in  offering  will  perform  lus  part.    Fmx9:  for  fi 


MSEiS.    LIB.  Xn.  681 

ce,  viro  strMftens  alts  allapsa  sagitta  est  * 

ertum  quA  pulaa  tnanu,  quo  turbine  adacta ;  320     390.  Eif  IJicortiunyqaA 

is  tantam  Rutulia  laudem,  casosne,  Deusne,  muku  palsa  tit 

tulerit.     Pressa  est  insignis  gioria  iacti ; 
c  sese  i£ne«B  jactavit  vulnere  quisquam. 
Furnus,  ut  ifineam  cedentem  ex  agmine  yidit, 
rbatosque  duees.  subitA  spe  fervidos  ardet :  3t6 

3cit  cquos,  atque  arma  simul,  saltuque  8uperil)ua 
licat  iii  currum,  et  manibus  molitur  habenaa. 
ilta  viriim  voKtans  dat  fortia  corpora  leto : 
nincces  volvit  multoa,  aut  agmina  corra 
>terit,  aut  raptas  fugientibus  ingerit  faastas.  330 

alis  apud  gelidi  cum  flumina  concitus  Hebri  331.   Qoalis  Muigiu. 

iguineus  Mavors  dypeo  increpat,  atque  furcntM  n«o«  Mavor».  ciiiD 

lla  movens  immittit  equos  :  illi  aBquore  aperto 
te  Notos  Zephyrumque  vqjant :  gemit  ultim^  palsu 
raca  pedum  :  circikmque  ktrm  Formidinis  ora,       335 
;<iue,  InsidisBque,  Dei  comitatus,  aguntur.  836.    Circamagantiir 

lis  equos  alacer  media  inter  prcllia  Tumi»  '^ 

mantes  sudore  quatit,  miserabild  ciesis 

stibus  insultans  :  spargit  rapida  ungula  rores  339.  Vngui^^ugeqm- 

)guineos,  mixt&que  cruor  calcatur  arenA.  340  ^^^""^ 

nque  neci  Sthenelumque  dedit,  Thamyrimque,  Pho- ,  342.    CongrcMus  ett 
lumoue  ^        ^     »  jju^p  ^i  jjmjc  comtnu»: 

nc  congreesua  et  hunc ;  illum  emmus :  emmiis  ambos  eminiis ;  eangretnu  est 
l>rasidas,  Glaucum  atque  Ladem ;  quoe  Imbrasm  ipse  eminds  amboa 

NOTE9. 

19.  Ftr0 :  to  the  hero,  1.  e.  JEnetLB,   JHi» :  and  half  dead  they  rolled  and  tumbled  along 
3  denotes  the  swiAoeai  of  the  arrow.    It  aa  they  lay  proetnrte  on  the  field.     Ingerii 
red  on  winge.  he  hurled — threw.    Rmtat:  in  the  senie  ot 

20.  Que  iurhine :  by  what  whirlinjgr  force :  eorreptaa  vel  arreptat,  Kunua  says,  immiitU 
ply,  by  what  force.  Qtio  impetUy  says  fugieniibut  hattas  abttraeiat  iitdem :  which 
BU8.  Pulta :  in  the  eense  of  mitta,  iinplies  that  Tumui  took  the  spean  from  the 
22.  Pretta  ett :  is  concealed.  No  one  fu^itives,  and  then  threw  them  at  them. 
tho  ^lory  of  to  illufltrious  a  deed.  The  word  raptat  frequently  aignifies  no 
25.  Fervidut  ardet:  the  abeence  of  iEneas  more  than,  matched  up— mudidenly  lnkeo. 
ea  the  couraffeof  Tumus,  and  inflames  331.  Fhtmina  Hdni:  aionf  the  streamfl 
I  for  battle.  He  ia  onco  more  victorious,  of  Hebms— along  the  river  Hebrua.  8ee 
\ka  had  been  before  on  the  bauks  of  the  £cl.  x.  65. 

er,  when  iEneafl  was  absent  in  Etruria.        332.  Inerepai :  in  the  flense  of  ttmat. 

s  indirect  method  of  praising  his  hero,        333.  Immittit :  lets  loose   -gives  full  reins 

1^1  had  leamed  from  Homer,  who  makes  to  his  furious  steeds. 

victory  to  Ic^n  on  the  side  of  the  Tro-        335.    Ora  aira  formidinit :  the  form  or 

iduringtheabsenceof  Achilles;  so,hcre,  countenance  of  grim   terror— grim   terror 

absence  of  £neas  makes  the  scales  tum  itself. 

favoi  of  the  Latins.    The  absence  of       336.    Comitatut  Dei :  the  retinue  of  the 

eas  was  sudden  and  unexpecled  by  Tur-  ffod,  i.  e.  Mara.    The  word  eomitiiut  agreet 

;  and  as  soon  as  he  saw  him  witht^^nw  m  apposition  with  the  preceding  numina- 

n  tlie  field,  ho  was  fired  with  the  hope  of  tives  Oro,  /rs,  Intiditt. 

ieving  the  lost  fortunes  of  his  country.  338.    ^uatii :    in  the  sense  of  impelHi. 

26   Superhut :  in  the  sense  of  animotut,  MiteralnU  emtit :  miserably  slain. 

27.  Molitur :  in  the  sense  of  traetat,  339.  Sanguineot  roret :  simply,  blood. 

M.  Proteiit:  he  cmshed.     Rucus  says,        342.  Hune^ethune:  the  two  last  he  eo<- 

rttV.     ^gmina:  the  troops — the  enemy.  g^god  in  close  fight;  the  former  at  a  dla- 

M  Tumus  drove  furiously  through  the  tance.    Hie  sometimes  signilios  the  laiU*r 

cs  of  the  enemy,  the  wheeis  of  bis  chariot  or  la^  roentioned ;  t//e,  the  former,  ar  firil 

(h«d  aome  to  dealh  and  otkers  wo\tjidod  mentioi  ed,  as  in  the  present  caao. 


F.  VlBGILn  BfARONia 

Nutrterat  Lvt^ii,  paribuaque  ornBveral  amin, 
Vel  conferre  manuin,  vei  equo  prscvertere  ventoa       3|| 
Psrte  aiiA,  tnedta  EuDieclea  in  prtRlia  fbrtur, 
347>  Q»  trai  prolei  Anliqul  proles  beilo  |irieclara  Dolonis, 
■"^l"'  Nomine  avum  relerens,  animo  manibusque  parentem.  j 

Qui  quondHm,  caslra  ul  DanaAm  speculator  adiret, 
3S0.    Aunu  «ii  p(»-  Ausus  PelidjE  preiium  sibi  poscere  currus. 
""•  lUum  Tydides  alio  pro  lalibus  ausis 

ASecit  pretio  ;  nec  equis  aspirat  Acbillis. 
353.  Huac  Etamden    Hunc  procul  ut  cajnpo  Tumus  conspexit  aperio, 
Ante  levi  jaculo  iongum  per  inane  secutus, 
Sistit  equoa  bijugea,  el  curru  desilit,  atque 
Semianimi  lapsoque  supervenit :  et,  pede  collo 
Impreaao,  dextriB  mucronem  extorquet,  et  alto 
Fulgentem  tingJt  jugulo,  alque  hmc  insuper  addit: 
359.  En,  Trojuw,  jo-  En,  ngioa,  et,  quom  bello,  Trnjane,  pelisti, 
oMu,  nietira  &giiu  Hesperinm  raetire,  jacens  :   hax  pneniia,  qui  me 

Ferro  ausi  tenlnre,  ferunt :   sic  mcenia  condunt. 
Huic  comitem  fiulen,  conjecti  cuspide,  mittit 
363.    Inla-Jieit   Chlo-  Ciiloreaque,  Sybarimque,  Daretaque.  TherBiloc^uinqD 
'•"1""  El  sternacis  equi  lapsum  cervice  Thymitteii. 

Ac  velut  Edoni  Borete  ciim  spiriius  alio 
Inaonal  .lEgso,  sequiturqui 
Qu&  venti  incubuSre, 
8ic  Turno,  qu&cunquc 
ConTerssi)ue  ruunt  at 


e  ad  lilora  fluclus  ; 
im  dant  nubila  C(e1o: 
im  secat,  agmina  ceUunl. 
;  fert  impetua  ipum  ; 


iqufc 

1 


NOTES. 


344.  Omavaat:  and  Iiiul  rumiBhod  them  waiinds,Eai 
with  equiLl  srnu— willi  equal  akill,  or  volor  This  thc  cor 
ui  Krina.  Canferrt  ntanum:  to  enguge  in  buricd  deen 
olOBe  fighl. 

347.  Prate4  praelara  btllo.  Thia  in  to 
undarilood  ironicallj,  as  appettt»  from  wl, 
foltowa:  and  parlicularlj,  fram  Ihe  chan 
tor  of  Dplon  in  Homer,  lliad,  lih.  10,  whi 
lis  appdln  lo  have  undGrlaken  Ihc  adve 


!r  ia  hu  h4 


held  a  dmgger  i 
Ttii9  uic  conqueror  wrenched  froiu  kiiBiM 
buried  deep  in  hia  throat.  I 

358.  Tingil;  Blaint.  Ruanis  ny*,  fl 
mmil.  He  buriea  hii  gliltertng  twfliA 
hit  throat.  Immillil  injiigvjum  u/  lan^t 
lingalur,  sajs  Hejne. 

359.  £n  a/frot .-  aftor  *  victorj,  Ihc  e^ 
querors  divided  the  couquered  landi  ■ 
territorj;  and  in  (ho  Gnl  pliice  look  llivt 


the  clKriot  of  Aehille»,  u  a  rewaid  for  this    tliem  eqnallj  among  their  troopo.    To  4 
■ervice.  cuatoin  Turnua.  in  Ihis  bitter  aarca 

348.  Hefertni:  reprOBoDting — bcaringlhi 
niuiie  of.  Ho  bore  Iho  namo  of  his  gisiid. 
faUiBr,  but  was  liko  his  falhei  in  couiagi 


349  Qin'.-  thix  niferi  to  the  fathBr,  men 
lionoil  immediBtelj  hefore. 

350.  Ptlidiz:  gen.  of  Pelidei,  a  name  o 
Achillaa:  fram  his  falhcr /'rJnu.-  a  palro 
njmic.     Frtliam  :  ai  a  reward  for  hia  daed 

353.  ^ffeeil  alio  prelio.  U  i>  hete  inli 
matod  tlml  Dolon  wan  slain  bj  Diomedo. 

334.  .4nli  letiiUa :  hai-ing  thrown  a  swif 
iBtbrn — having  pursued   hin 


nilh  a  I 
of, 


i-iftjaveUn^&c.     Inn 


nthe» 


ZfOn^m 

3&7.    Jlfiimmem  dexlrx.     Thouch  fiillen 
bj  the  «pear  of  Tomiu,  ud  djins  oT  hi< 


to  allude. 

362.  CiupHe:  in  the  eenM  ofyacuJs. 

364.  Slemaeiieqm:  oilheritumblingl 
npt  lo  fall  himaolf;  or  rearing  aad  pilchi 
in  ordetlo  throw  hii  ridet.  CerTirf;  EhO 
den — hack.     RuiBue  bsji,  coUo. 

365.  Spxrilui  Edani  Borta. :  the  bla« 
Thracian  Boreu.  Boreaa,  the  norlh  in 
ia  herc  callad  Thiadan.  becauae  it  blew  6f 
thal  counlty.  Tbo  Edoni  wete  i  pcopll 
Thrace:  hence  Ihe  adj.  £ifanui.  AUii:_ 
tlie  eenBe  of  mori.  Spvilru .-  in  Ihe  M 
of  ^sriu  vel  ventut. 

367.  Danl/ugam:  in  the  eecM  otfrgvl 

Ineulmire  :  blow — ruih  ot  pren  forwuA 

See.  Ainml '  m  tha  «eiua  nfyiigiinL 


iENEIS.    LIB.  Xn.  5g3 

Bt  ortMtani  adTono  cumf  quatit  aura  volantem.  370 

Non  tulit  instantem  Phegeus,  animisque  frementem :  371.  Tktmum  infta»- 

Objecit  sese  ad  currum,  et  spumantia  frsenifl  ^^ 

Ora  citatorum  dextri  detorsit  equorum. 

Dum  trahitur,  pendetque  jugis,  hunc  lata  retectum 

Lancea  consequitur,  rumpitque  infixa  bilicem  376    376.Latalaneeft7V«iy 

Loricam,  et  summum  degustat  vubiere  corpus. 

Ille  tamen,  clypeo  objecto,  conversus  in  hostem 

Ibat,  et  auxilium  ducto  mucrone  petebat : 

Cum  rota  praecipitem,  et  procursu  concitus  axia 

Impulit,  effuditque  solo :  Tumusque  secutus,  380 

Imam  inter  galeam  summi  thdracis  et  oras, 

Abstulit  ense  caput,  truncumque  reliquit  arenA. 

Atque  ea  dum  campis  victor  dat  funera  Tumus ; 
Intere^  iEneam  Mnestheus,  et  fidus  Achates, 
Ascaniusque  comes,  castris  statu^re  cruentum,  385 

AJternos  longft  nitentem  cuspide  gressua. 
Saevit,  et  infmct&  luctatur  arundine  telum 

Eripere  ;  auxilioque  viam,  quee  proxima,  poBcit :  388.  Qu»  ett  proxi- 

Ense  secent  lato  vubius,  telique  latebram  mtiijubei  ui  n^iot  m- 

Rescindant  penitus^  seseque  in  bella  rernittant.  390  **"* 

Jamque  aderat  Phcebo  ante  alios  dilectus  lapys 
lasides ;  acri  quondam  cui  captus  amore  39S.    Cui    qnondam 

Ipse  suas  artes,  sua  munera,  laetus  Apollo  ApoUo  ipM  eaptus  acr 

Augunum,  citharamque  dabat,  celeresque  sagittas.  amore,  letus  dabat 

N0TE8. 

370.  Adverto  eurra :  in  his  chariot  facing  breast^plate,  and  the  lower  part  of  his  hel- 

the  wind.    Aura:  in  the  tenae  of  vmtut,  met.     Cikm:  thii  ia  the  reading  of  Hoyne 

yalaniem :  waving.    But  eurru  may  be  for  and  Davidson.     Ruabus  readi  quem,    It  ap> 

rurrutiin  the  dat.  The  wind  blowing  againit  pean  that  Phegeus  had  let  £o  of  the  horeea, 

hifl  chariot  facing  ii|  (adverso^   causes  his  and  was  preparing  to  attack  Turnus,  when 

plumes  to  wave.     Dum  eunnt  advertutven'  the^  sprang  forward,  and  the  wheel  in  its 

iumferiur^  says  Heyne.  rapid  motion  struck  him. 

573.  Detortit  ora :  with  his  rij|ht  hand  he  386.    Kiteniem  aliemot :   supporting  his 

tumed  around  the  beads,  &c.    This  he  did  altemate  steps,  &c.     Cutpide :  in  the  sense 

to  stop  them,  that  on  more  equal  terms  he  of  kattOt  by  synec. 

might  engage   Tumus.     These  were  the  387.  Arundine:  the  shafl  of  the  arrow. 

horses  of  Turnus.     Spumaniia :  foaming  at  It  is  placed  absolutely  with  infraeta.     Te* 

the  bit.     Citaiorum :  in  the  sense  of  antmo*  hm :  the  borb  or  point  of  the  arrow. 

torum^  vel  celerum*  388.  Auxilio :  for  relief.    He  orders  thom 

375.  Rumpit :  in  the  sense  of  peneirat,  to  make  a  gash  or  incision  (yulnut)  down 

378.  Peiebai:  he  sought  aid  with  his.  to  the  very  blade  of  the  dart  or  javelin, 
drawn  sword.  He  hoped  to  succeed  arainst  (laiebram  ttli^  and  extract  it  without  delay^ 
Tumus  by  attacking  him  sword  in  hand.  uiat  he  may  again  enter  the  fight,  and  check 
Ruseus  says,  vocabai  auxiHum,  Dayidson  the  career  of  Turnus.  Proxima:  thespeed- 
renders  it,  **  he  sought  assistance  from  his  iest— quickest. 

unRheathed  sword."    Muerone:  m  the  sense        390.  Reteindani:  in  the  sense  ofapertant, 
o€  gladto.  392.  Cui :  in  the  sense  ofewut :  with  an 

379.  Axit:  the  eztremities  of  the  azle-    ardent  love  of  whom,  ApoIIo,  sc. 

*ree  extend<»d  beyond  the  hub  of  the  wheel.        393.  Suat  artet  dabai :  he  gave  to  him  the 

«t  was  most  probably  this  part  that  struck  choice  of  his  arts.    This  appears  to  be  the 

.'^hegous,  and  threw  him  headlong  on  the  meaning  from  verse  396,  infra,  maluii  «etre, 

p^und.     C<m<»7ta;  quickened  and  accele-  &c.     Tne  artsof  Apollo  were,  1.  Prophecy. 

rated  by  its  rapid  career.    The  impetus  it  2.  Music :  whence,  he  is  oflen  represented 

nad  acquired  in  its  course  served  to  increase  with  a  lyro,  and  considered  the  god  of  poetn. 

its  velocity.    Turaus  soeing  him  in  that  si-  3.  SkiU  in  archery :  hence,  he  is  represented 

tuation  sprang  from  his  cMriot,  and  took  with  a  quiver.    4.  Medicine.   This  last  was 

oS  his  head  between  the  upper  part  nlt  hls  the  choioe  of  lapya. 


gnmi,  p.  TiRGan  haiionis 

IBe,  ut  depositi  proferrei  faia  paientis,  9H 

3cir«  potesUles  lierha.rum,  ue;umi|ii«  metlnMii  ' 

Maluit,  el  mutas  agitare  iiigloriun  ariefr. 
V  Slabat  acerba  freitiens,  ingenteo)  niius  iit  lisetain 

3S9.  Iminobilu  in>e-  jEneaa,  magtio  juvenum.  ei  mttrentis  luli 
*°4«I"n""  'V^f"     Concureu,  kchryniiwiue  iiiuiiobiiis.     Illt!  retorto        «M 
■nocinetu«'«m?eiu  nter-  ^''Eonium  in  mor«iii  Miiior  auccinclua  amictu, 
U>  iu  Pcuoium  Mulla  mafiu  medicft  Pliabitiue  potentibus  herbb 

Nequicquam  irepiilal ;  n«(|uicquaui  6)iicula  destiA 
Sollicital,  prensaifiue  teiiaci  rorct)ie  ferrvm. 
I  NtiUa  viam  forluna  regil ;  nibil  aucior  Apollo  40^ 

I  Subvenit ;  et  wvua  cajnpia  magis  ac  magid  borror 

l^  Crebreecit:  propitls<iue  malum  esl.    Jam  pulv«r«  cafaa 

Slare  videfit;  aubeunt  e(|uiiea,  el  apicula  caat/is  j 

Denga  cadunt  modiiH.     U  trietia  ad  «'Ibera  clajDor         1 
Bellanl^in  juvenum,  ct  iluro  Bub^Mane  cadeiit&m.     4w 

Hic  Venue.  indigoo  nati  concuMa  dolore, 
Dictamnum  geitilrix  Creia:4  carpil  ab  IdA, 
Pubcribus  caulom  foliia,  et  flore  comantem 
414.  IIU  grainina  mnf  Purpureo.      Non  illa  feris  incognila  capria 
Boii  iDcogDiia  Gramina,  ciim  tergo  volucre»  hm6rc  sagiltB>. 

«18.     V«nij«   drenm-  H(^  Venus,  obscuro  feciem  circumdatA  nimbo, 
,  Ma  gtMod  laciein  Detulit :  h&c  fuaum  labris  «pendentibua  amnem 

inficit,  occulte  medicaus;  spa^itque  aalubiM 
Ambrosie  Btxicos,  et  odoriferam  panaceam. 

KOTE8.  1 

1 

B  tLe  Koae  of  malum  Dasj.    Ses  A 

,  .  "•  J 

oiT— dercr.  407.  Jam  vidftU  :  Hnj  >ee  tbe  air  or  4 

390.  Mcdrndi .-  Ihe  genind  in  rfi,  of  me-     atuid  thiet  vitb  di»t — to  bv  oTBnpread  f 

itor:  m  Ilin  »ense  o^medu-ina.     Folulalei:     fillud  wilh  daal.  i 

proj)ortii-s — ^iTmlitieB.  411.  Indigno:  unmBritfd — undecenfd. 

Sfft.  Mulai  arM:  tilent  art»-«ii  more        4,1.    Dielamnum:  the  heA  ditUny.   i 

DMnil  than  (howy.   TheatherarKorApollD    b  aaid  to  haVH  gTOWD  odIt  in  CretB,  vb^ 

wero  more  ostenUtioui  and  ihowy.    Jgi-    it  had  ita  name  ftotn  Diete,  a  m       ■  -' 

Mre :  practire  ar  eiert^.  that  bland.    Ita   italk    be 

398.  Jcerba :  an  adj.  nen.  pln.,  DMd  ad-     loiTet;  and  hi  bloiMuni  ai 
veriiiallj  ;  in  tha  leDie  of  aterU.  gf^  nvoa  a.' 

399.  Martnlii:    of  mieviDf — ^ictod.  (»id  to  bo  eefc™™-^. -—-__, 

Kliu ,-  HBynH  connecti  lachrymii  with  Kli  denotM  the  eolor  of  tfae  Sowar. 

maTouii.     In  thie  aonrtmction,  Jahu  alone  the  ■tem  01  etalk :  it  te  Itera  nt  !■  mA 

iarepreeented  uifaBddingleUB.   Theothen  tinn  irith  JfiliiMllMai 

anemble  ta  Ma  the  wonnded  hero.  .     415,  Qramxa :  tn  ttae  eeiwa  oT  Aai*. 

«1      P<roniw»--  an  adj    from  P«JI1  th.  ^        ^  ^^  ^                ^    jl 

phyHicUn  of^the  Bod.,   b«e  put  for  ,ny  th.fcUo^  Si  b  in  STSt  withSTS 

phjncian.     Rttorlo:  tuined  back  after  tha  ,lljj    V?_tl!r_..  iIL_i      ilL—.l 

miin«ofPBon,thath«mighlperfornithe  {^!^.^?'!^''' ***^    A»^:] 

operalion  raore  ooDvenientlj.  tmm  01  Bfium. 

403.  7Vqnda(mui(a.  in  the  leDee  of /et-  <17-  L<U>m:  the  veeeal  m  wludl  l| 
fnuf  mulla :    ha   triaa  manj  eipedianta  to  ■"■■>•  of  /apju  weie  ufuewt. 

oitract  tho  airow,  to  do  purpoae.    MuUa  419.    Sueeot  einfrrenn.      Hobmt  b*1i1 

itrUal,  lajs  Hejne.  ambraaiB  to  be  tke  food  of  Uie   ied&  ' 

404.  Sallicilal :  he  moTH,  or  pDlIi.  Far-  properlj  ilnufiee  imraortafitj.  Pmaui 
nim;  the  blade,  or  baibcd  part  of  ths  tpear.  a  lalntaty  beHi,  of  whieli  PUdj  iiwiiIM 
Fw/unn  :  succe» — adTantage.  three  kindi.     Acoordlnf  to  the  eljmolel 

406.  Si(hteni/.-  in  the  scnae  of  a^ueof.  fof  the  word,  It  shoakd  bs  a  remedj  fbr  1 
4uc/or.-  tho  author  of  msdicine.  Horror:  dieeaaa*.  Spargit:  aha  diSiuea  in  it  M 
)n  Ihs  sen»  of  Itrror,  tajt  Hejne.  It  mav  bealinf  JakMl  of  utbroria.  &nM*  iigr 
uiaan  a  din  it  elaahing  of  amn-,  whioh  witt    m<m<. 


iENEIS.    UB.  XIU  985 

Fovit  et  vulnus  1yinph&  longsevus  lapis,  420 

IgnQrans  :  subitdque  omnis  de  corpore  fugit 

Quippe  dolor ;  omnis  stetit  imo  vulnere  sanguis. 

Jamque^secuta  manum,  nullo  cogente,  sagitta  ' 

Excidit,  atque  nove  rediSre  in  pristina  vires.  4S4.  In  prittina  ofi 

Arma  citi  properate  viro  :  quid  statis  ?  lapis  426  ^ 

Conclamnt :  primusque  animos  accendit  in  hostes.  ^*  ^  ^  ^^ 

Non  hsec  humanis  opibus,  non  arte  magistri  427.  Addit  prctttni, 

Proveniunt ;  neque  te,  iEnea,  mea  dextera  servat :  **^  "®»*  proveniunt 

Major  agit  Deus,  atque  opera  ad  majora  remittit. 

ille  avidus  pugn»  suras  incluserat  auro  430 

f  linc  atque  hinc  ;  oditque  moras,  hastamque  coruscat. 
Postquam  habilis  lateri  dlypeus,  loncaque  tergo  est ; 
Ascanium  fusis  circum  complectitur  armis, 
Summaque  per  galeam  delibans  oscula,  fatur : 
Disce,  puer,  viitutem  ex  «ne,  verumque  laborem  :       436 
Fortunam  ex  aliis.     Nunc  te  mea  dextera  bello  436.  Sed  duee  foriu- 

Defensum  dabit,  et  magna  inter  pnemia  ducet.  ""^^?   n 

Tu  &cito,  mox  cum  matura  adoleverit  aetas,  ^^  Tu^^Idto  «i  ns 

Sis  memor,  et  te  animo  repetentem  exempla  tuorum,        memor  me«e  virliuii^edm 
Et  pater  iEneas,  et  avunculus  excitet  Hector.  440  mox 

Hsec  ubi  dicta  dedit,  portis  stise  extulit  ingeng, 
Telum  immane  manu  quatiens :  simul  agmine  denso 
Anteusque  Mnestheusque  ruunt :  omnisque  relictis 
Turba  fluit  castris.     Tum  c«eco  pulvere  campus 
Miscetur,  pulsuque  pedum  tremit  excita  tellus.  44b 

Vidit  ab  adverso  venientes  aggere  Tumus,  446.  Dnijanot  veniaB- 

Vid^re  Ausonii ;  gelidusque  per  ima  cucurrit  *•• 

Qssa  tremor.     Prima  ante  omnes  Jutuma  Latinoa 
Audiit,  agnovitque  sonum,  et  tremefacta  refugit. 

IUe  volat,  campoque  atrum  rapit  agmen  aperto.  450     450.  Ille  JEneat  volai 

Qualis,  ubi  ad  terras  abrupto  sidere  nimbus 

NOTES. 

4S0.  Fovit:  in  the  senBO  of  tortl.  faeiet.    Jnier:  in  the  senee  of  (uf.    Heyne 

421.  Ignoram :    ignorant  of  the  virtuee    takes  pretmia  in  the  sense  of  victoriat. 
which  had  been  communicatod  to  it.  438.  ^doleverit:  shall  have  become— ehall 

422.  ^uippe :    indoed — truly.       Stetil :    have  ripened. 

seflised  to  How.     Cowtitit^  says  Rubus.  439.  Repetentem  :  calling  to  yoar  mind. 

4S7.  Uok:  this  cure — theite  things.  Rueus  says,  reoQheniem  animo.  The  fol- 
4S28.  Proveniunt :  spring— arise  fronu—    lowing  line  is  repeated  from  i£n.  iii.  343. 

Magistra :  in  the  sense  of  mediea.  440.  Hector,    He  was  the  uncle  of  Asca- 

429.  Agit :  performs  the  cure,  nius,  his  mother,  Creiisa,  being  the  daughter 

430.  Iiuluserat  turat :    had  incased  his    of  Priam.     It  is  tho  wish  of  Jlneas  that  hiK 
legs  on  each  side  in  gold.  own  ezample,  and  the  ezample  of  his  uncle, 

432.  Uabilit:  in  the  sen»e  of  aptut.  may  oxcite  him  to  piety  and  virtue,  uid  to 

433.  Complectitur :   he  embraces  Asca-    the  performance  of  deods  of  valor. 

nius,  wth   his  arms    spread  around  him.  444.  7\srba:  the   troopa — all  that  were 

The  incvm  and  /utit  are  to  be  united  into  in  the  camp.    Fluit :  in  the  sense  of  rum- 

one  « ord.  punt  vel  nitm/.     Caeo  :  darkening,  or  ob- 

43«1.  Delibant :  gently  tooching  his  lips  scuring  the  air. 

throusfh  his  helmet.     We  have  here  a  most  445.  Excita:  in  the  sense  of  eommota. 

mterosting  instance  of   patemal   affection,  446.  Aggere :  in  the  sense  of  tutinUo  voi 

tnd  of  tendcr  soiicitude  for  the  future  wel-  coUe. 

(kro  of  his  son.  450.  Rapit :  in   the  sense  of  durtt  ve) 

4.'I5.  Laborem :  fortitude — paticnce  under  trahit.    Atrum  :  Ruopus  sayg,  dmtum, 

ditticulties.  451.  Sidtre  abrupto.     Davidnon  oU>orvem 

437.  Datnt  f  \n  the  sense  of  reddei  vel  that  tidere  here  may  be  takon  for  a  dtorm. 


Mk  p.  Tikanjt  HAiioinB 


4A  Uh  ■faiiii  dhm  It  mare  per  laadwm ;  nunrii,  1«,  pnMBk  lo^|i 
453.  Heo»  eorda  a».  Homscuiit  conb  agricoGs !  daiiit  ille  laiDM 

■trif  agiieolii  pnMsia     AiboribiB^  iln^peiiiqiae  satiB,  nieC  oiniua  hl^ 

Antefolaiit,  ewiiininque  fenuit  ad  Stoia  ventL 
Tdn  in  adfonoa  dnctor  Rliceteina  boelm 
Agmenagit:  donri ciindi ae quiMiiie ooactia  .^ 
AggloniemiiL  F<niteiiaegiaTemTii|iiilinBna^ 
Ardietiom  MnftlwMw,  Epokmem  obtnincat  Acbg 
IMbnlMnipie  Gjaa.  Ca£t  ij^  Tohimnina  aiv^ 
Prinraainadfmos  taliimqin.tonenlboalBa.  .^ 
Toffitnr  in  oiriiim  chmor :  nniqiMvidann 
Pnlfonilenta  Saiglk  KutnS  dant  twgn  per  agraa» 
iDoe  neqne  afonoB  dEgnatur  alenieio  inoita ; 
Noc  pede  coogreaaQe  «qoo,  oec  laia  feioirtea 
Inaequitiir:  aohim  denBft  in  caBgine  Timiiim 
y eatigal  hHtranat  aoliim  in  cortamina  poaciL 
488.  Cpnw  fUMd     H&  ronruam  metu  menlem  Jutaina  ringOi 

"Mx^  bft^  Aurigam  Tunu  media  imer  lom  Medacon 

^^        _    Ezcvrtit,  et  ^odiA  bpaum  leinooo  relinquiC 
471.  Ipm nhit teffaf  fpm  auUt,  mambuaque  undanlea  fleclit  hahenaiv 

^*"  .  Cuncla  gerena,  focomque.  et  coipua,  et 

Nigm  folut  magina  domini  cftm  Afilk 
Perfolat,  et  pennia  alta  atria  hiatral  MnHido, 
Pabula  parfa  IqEonai  nidiaque  loqnacibaa 
£t  fi^^nff  porticibua  facma.  **wwft  jDnmiBa  CDcnm 

HOTE8. 

wUdi  wu  Ihouglit  to  be  the  eflbet  of  mM  454.  ^fvcrMt  flMr«k    PSetiae 

furioiie  conrtellation.    IiithisMiise,a^n9ile  in  tbe  RoiDeii  aiaiiQecf^it. 

ndtre  will  mean  the  same  with  abn^a  here  teilinf  ua,  that  £neee  di4i 

iempfstaie^  vel  abruptU  proeellit :  buratmg  fight  with  any  of  the   Rutulian  d 

stonns,  as  in   the  third   Georgic     Or,  u  TSmina.    This  he  does  by  a  circnm 

tidere  be  taken  in   iU  proper  senee,  then  dividing  the  Rutulians  iuto  three  4| 

abntpto  must  be  taken  in  the  lense  of  cu-  1.  The  arersoM  morii:    thooe  thal^ 

dfnttn    setting;    the    constellations    being  the  flighU      2.  The  eongmaoa 

Ihought  more  furioui  toward  the  time  w  those  who  were  engaged  in  cK 

their    setting.      AtmMa :    a  black    clond,  eqnal  terms.     3.  The  fertntes 

fraugfat  with  thunder  and  rain«      This  is  wbo  fought  with  missiTe  weaj 

its   proper   meaning.    Hejne   takes  sidere  tance.    Heyne  reads  ccermt. 

ahrupio  in  the  sense  of  nube  aknq^ia  :  the  455.  FeresUes  :  in  the  «*»»—  of  1 

doud  bursting,  or  beinf  bursL  ™  r^i^i^ .  s«  tk.  --«-.  «r, 

452.  Prmseia  Itmgi:  presaging  disaster,  f^'  Caltgnu.  m tbe  eenee oTi 
while  the  storm  is  jet  at  a  distanoe— fore-  nu6e  jnilrmt. 
•eeing  the  danger  at  a  dtBtanoe.  468.  Vtrago  :  the  heroine  J0I 

453.  jigrieoiis  miseris :  the  dat  in  the  470.  ExcuHi:  in  tbe  senseof( 
sense  of  the  gen.    The  hearts  of  the,  &c  praeipiiai. 

454.  Ruei    in  the  sense  of  eweriet.  ^m^^  Gerens  etmeta      mm^ 

456.  Rhetitius:m  the  sense  of  TVo^onui,     ^  ^j^jj^^  y^^  ^  ^^^  j^ 

00  callcd  from  Rhateum,  a  pramontory  on         .^TV.Im/  ^  •».«  4»»i^ 
Uio  coa»l  of  Troas.  .  *'3.  *^thUewm  ntgrahsnmia. 

457.  Cun«f    coaeiis:    the  ranks  bemg    ™^  ""^cS^^^a^^  ' 
elosed  :  -  in  thick  array,"  say.  DavidsoiS    ^^^'"^^J^  ^  "^^^ 
^r^omerani  se :  they  crowd  tCm.el.e.  to-    ^.fZ^^  ^F^^^' 

45».'  Orai*si :  in  the  sense  of /or<«i.  ^'^J^^V^??  ?  ^^  ^  ^' 

462.  Versi :  in  the  sense  or/kgaiL    The  ««i  ■»**  stately  buildmg.  a. 

RtttuU  had  bef  n  ▼ictorious,  while  £neas  •«•<'«  •  P*»»<*-    Rhm»  «nya. 
Wts  disabled  by  his  wonnd.    Now  he  is  on        475.  ^'idis  :  the  neets  an  han 

~    itkU  the  Kak  of  Tietory  i.  tnniod,  and  ^oung  in  the  negte^  hy 

*iititfn,anpvittol&pi(L  m%^^!V(Mition  withjMrv 


iENEIS.    UB.  XD.  587 

Stagna  sonat ;  rimilis  medios  Juturna  per  boatea  477:  Similis  Me  m 

Fertur  equis,  rapidoque  volana  obit  omnia  cumi :  Jutunia 

Jamque  hic  germanum,  jamque  hic,  ostendit  ovantem : 

Noc  conferre  manum  patitur :  volat  avia  longd.  480     480.  Niic  patitur  eum 

Haud  mini^  iEreaa  tortos  legit  obvius  orbes, 
Vestigatque  virum,  et  disjecta  per  agmina  magni 

Voce  vocat.     Quoties  oculos  conjecit  in  hostem,  483.   Vocat  T\imum 

Alipedumque  fugam  cursu  tentavit  equorum  ;  magnA  voc« 

Aversos  toties  currus  Jutuma  retorsit.  485 

Heu !  quid  agat  ?  vario  nequicquam  fluctuat  aestu  : 
Diversaeque  vocant  animum  in  contraria  cursB. 

Huic  Messapus,  uti  laBV&  duo  fortd  gerebat  488.    MessapiM,    ntl 

LenU,  levis  cursu,  praefixa  hastilia  ferro,  f^^  ^»^  «»"«  «rerebat 

Horum  unum  certo  contorquens  dirigit  ictu.  ^^  Kltmr^" 

Sub9titit  iEneas,  et  se  collegit  in  arma,  490.  Hoic  JEnea 

Poplite  subsidens ;  apicem  tamen  incita  summuin 
Hasta  tulit,  summasque  excussit  vertice  cristas. 
Tum  verd  assurgunt  ine  ;  insidiisque  subactus, 

Diversos  ubi  sensit  equos  currumque  referri,  496     4?5'  Equos  Tumi  m- 

Multa  Jovem,  et  laesi  testatur  fiederis  aras.  ^  qiverso» 

Jam  tandem  invadit  medios,  et  Marte  secundo  497.  Mediot  hiatu§ 

Terribilis,  ssevam  nullo  discrimine  csedem 
Suscitat,  irarumque  omnes  efiundit  habenas. 

N0TE9. 

477.  Sonai :  chirpe,  or  chatten.  489.  Lmt:  h»  the  eeiise  of  «eier,  agreelng 

478.  Obii:  goes  over,  or  around.  Rumis  with  Jlfetfqnif.  Pn^a:  in  the  sense  <3 
Mys,  ftereurrU.  amuUa. 

480.  Langi  avia :  far  out  of  the  way,  so  491.  CoUegii  se  m  orma :  he  contracted, 
•»  not  to  meet  ^neas.  ./^wa ;  an  adj.  from  orcoUected  himself  intohisarmor.  Though 
•«itf,agreeingwith  Jutuma.  Conferrema-  the  word  oiwia  is  here  mentioned  in  general, 
num :  to  engage  m  doee  combat,  or  fight  u  must  be  restricted  to  the  shield,  behind 
with  ^neas.  ^hich  he  hid  himself,  bending'  upon  his 

481.  Legit  torlot  orbet  obviut :  traces  the    knee,  and  contracting  his  body.    Virgil  uses 
mazy  circles  and  wmdings  of  Tumus,  not    the  woid  m  the  same  sense  in  other  plaoes. 
Ibr  the  purpose  of  overtakmg  him,  but  for 

the  purpose  of  meeting  him.    This  is  the        492.  Subtident:   m  the  sense  of  caderu, 
manae  ofobviut.  Rueus  says,  ineufvant  te.    Jneita :  in  the 

482.  Ditjecia:    scattored— flying  be&re    ■•nse  of  immuta  vel  cf/er. 

hiro.  t,  493.  Coneiia  Katia  iuUi :  the  meaning  is: 

484.  Fugam :  the  speod— swiftness.  Ru-  the  rapid  spear  just  grased  the  top  of  his 
seus  «ays,  eeleritalem.  Alipedum :  in  the  hoad,  and  carried  with  it  the  tuft,  or  plume 
sense  of  eelerum :  the  swifl,  or  winged  horses  of  his  helmet.  Vertiee  :  in  the  sense  of 
of  Turuus.  eapiit, 

485.  RetortU  eurrut.  The  meanmg  is :  4^  Subaelut  intidiit :  baffled  by  the  stra- 
whenever  ^neas   was  about  to  interoept  tagemsof  Jutuma.    £ubus  sa.s,eoaceta. 

h^  course,  7%^?  "S.t^.n/S^  .i"i!II3i'  496.   Tettaiur.     This  is  the  reading  ot 

wheeled  about  the  chanot,  and  drove  back-  ^^^  ^^   ^^.^^  manuscripts.    It  bpre. 

ward  80  a.  to  prevent  the  moetmg  of  the  ^^  ^^,    ^                ^^.^^  j,  ^^  readini  of 

two  chajnpions.     Ctima:   the  chanot,  by  j^^^^     Heyne  r^ads /«todir.    Mul^:  \r 

"""l^Hl^-agoi.    Dr.Trappexplams  the  senseofinu/him.    Ru«us  «tys,  «lye. 

this  of  Jutuma ;  but  it  is  evident  we  are  to  499.  Sutriiai :  in  the  sense  offaeii.    Ef' 

undorstand  it  of  ^noas.    It  is  he  who  is  /undii  habtnat :  he  gives  foll  reins  to  hb 

disappointed,  and  crossed  in  his  desini  of  anger.    Thb  is  a  metaphor  taken  from  tho 

meeting  Tumus.     JEttu:   with  a  tide  of  diariot  race.     ^ffundere  habenat:  to  give 

passions.    Irarum  is  undersiood.  nill  rein  to  yonr  horses    to  tet  them  at  full 

487.  Jneoniraria:  in  oppoeite  direetion».—  speed.     Dare    fajrare— ii/<ere    immiiiere^ 

in  differont  ways.    Taken  in  tbe  senso  of  tn  fto^ — kmbmat  vel  fnana^  are  phraiea  domu 

comtwiat  pariu.  tliig  tbe  saiM  thiiiffi 


■*m^^mmi 


.'lOO.  Nunc  qnia,  qni»      Quis  mihi  nunc  tot  acerba  I>eua,  quis  carmine  cedM 

Ceu.  eirwtliil  initu  "f-  Diversas,  c.bilunn]iio  ttueuni,  iioos  icqiiore  toto  I 

V       mme  to.  ,«.rb.A«™     ,^^^  ^;^^^  ^^^,^^  ^.^^,,^^  ^p.,^^  ^^^,^^  ^^^-^  ^^^^     , 

a03.  rUcuit-oa  it,  O  Expediat  ?  tanton'  placuit  conc.urrere  motii, 
JuiuUir  Jupiter,  ffitem&  gentea  in  pace  futuras  ? 

.(Eneas  Rululum  Sucroiiem,  (ea  prima  rueotea       1 
'  Pugna  loco  statuit  Teucros,)  liaud  multa  morahw, 

'  Excipit  in  latus,  et,  qu&  futa  celerrima,  cruduin 

Transadigit  coatas  el  crates  pectotis  ensem. 
Turnua  equo  dejectum  Amycuin,  fratremque  Dioremt 
{tlD.  FerU  hano  DiO'  Congressua  pedes  j  hunc  venientem  cuspide  lou^    f 
naveniMlui)  Hunc  mucronc  ferit ;  curruque  abscissa  duorum 

Suspendit  cspita,  et  roraniia  sAnguine  purtat. 
613.  ItIe,£iMaji]utlit  Ille  Talon,  Tanaimque  ncci,  fortemque  Ceibegum, 
T^lon  Tres  uno  congressu,  ct  nicfstum  niittit  Onyten,         i 

Nomen  Echionium,  matrisque  (Zenus  PeridiE.  4 

510.  Hio  T^miu  in-  Hic  fitttrej  LyciA  mistoa,  et  Apollinis  a^ris,  , 

lc^u^u  fratrBH  Et  juvenem  eiosum  nequicquam  bella  MenoileD 

Arcada  :  piscosEC  cui  circuni  flumina  LernFE 
,  Ars  fuerat,  pauperque  diimus :  nec  aoia  pot«Dt&m 

tJuU  diwril?"**  """  Jjni'"»'  conduclique  paler  tellure  Berebat.  \ 

6X1  fn  (onantii,  jiz-  ^^  velut  immisBi  diversis  partibus  ignes 
Knlti,  i  lauro  Areutem  in  aylvam,  et  vii^ulta  sonanUa  lauro ; 

N0TE8. 

501.  Oiifum.'  in  tfae  Mnse  orniBrlnn.  engige  ic  cloee  combat — la  fight  laa| 

601    Inqut   oiem.-    for    inOTintiji/e,    by  liBiid. 

tmBBii.     ^gil;  cBuie»,  or  BfTccl*.  514.  Congriaa:  oiiMt — unull-     M 

503.    Mnlu  :    thge — Tiolence.       Tan(on' :  sayt,  impttu.    Genui:  in  Ilie  sencc  of;ir« 

fl>r  lanlo-iK,  by  mpocope.  vel  ^tam, 

505.  Pugna:   atlsck — uwQlt,     Slahtit:  516.  £eAi«itum ;    ma   mii,  fiaDi  Ea 

■topped.    The  meaaincof  tl>>«  pusmge  mftj  Uio  nome  of  Ihe  Theban,  who  KcconipH 

ba  1    tbat  tlie  oppositioii   miile  by   Sqcto  CwlinUB  at  the  buildins  of  Tbebes  in  B* 

efaecked  tJie  TrojsnB,  who  were  before  rniih.  Onyla  wu  ui  Ediiomui,  oi  Thobu  M 

mf  oh  the  enemj,  uid  rBging  wilbout  con-  Rueua  ■«;■,  Thetanum. 

ItM.    Oi,  thii  asMult  af  £neu  opon  Sucro  616.  L^/cia :    a  cotinlrj  of  Ad»  li 

caiued  liiin,  uid  tha  Tro^Uu,  to  (top  thair  celebrtted  for  the  ondee  of  Apcdla.  .1 

eaner  tnd  pureuit  of  Tumni,  ud  remun  hera  put  in  ■ppoulion  witb  agtit.    8w 

m  the  lune  placa.    Thi»  i*  the  iraee  giTen  ir.  143.                                                    "^ 

lo  h  bj  Hejns.     RuBu<  propoMi  i,  third  517.  EStatum:  k  pnit.  Bctaeing  wi^ 

meuiiDE  lo  the  «ord*,  to  wil :  that  Ihe  ea-  non,  and  goTaming  ieU«.     ilWrwirtrt  wl 

udII  af^neu  upon  Sucra  fint  caueed  the  Arcadian. 

Trojans  lo  rellj  >nd  etuid   their  groand,  519.  (fri.' bniinen,OTBmpItijiDaiL  | 

who  heroro  were  fleeing,  uid  (uiBble  to  re-  in  ihe  unia  of  n^tti.    Jjcnm :  a  U*.' 

riet  «0  greii  a  hero.  the  ^lj  of  Argos  in  Iha  PelopoiUMM 

B06.  Jtfufla  .' in  IheieDieof  Mulfun.   Thii  nioui  fbr  iti  hnvinl  beaa  Ihe  eiioda  M 

i>  in  imiUlioD  of  tha  Greeks,  who  uied  ad-  Hgdrnt  Uwt  wu  ilun  hj  Baicnlaa.    il 

jectivM  of  Ihe  nea.  g».  ■eaiMrba.  nar  in  Ibe  leiue  of  oniu.                     ' 

507.  Breipil!   in  the  Mon  of  ftrit,  Te!  SU.  Z^ninia potcntam .-  IhapalMMa 

vulnerat.     ^uifata:  whera  dOBlh  ia  eaii«t  gretl  were  not  knowD  lo  liim.    UrnM 

to  be  «ITected.     Fatn:  in  tbe  mdm  of  00».  lutM  nj  UmI  £ntiw  i>  tfae  mfinf  (j 

The  reib  mnt  ie  UDderelood.  moet  aocient  muuuci^t,  IMtr  CUilJ 

608.  Cratei :  occ.  plu.     Raniu  laja,  lep-  vetuilitnmvt,  M)d  be  mskaa  na  dtnbtj 

(um.     Cradum:  nakod — bloody.     Cotlat —  bei])(  tha  trae  TMiliiiE.    HajnaMdlH 

Crata.     Thcne  ue  goTemed  in  the  tcc  bj  eon  recd  limiua,     Rwnia  ^uid  Valfjij 

Ihe  prcp.  frnni,  in  conip.,  while    the  Teib  miOMra.       Of  tfaii  it   ia  ■)>«>»<■"»  to  | 


idifsil  governn  crudum  nuem.  MDM,  wharMa  Hm^Ut  ia  eaaj. 

610.  Caa^»nup((fej.-Tiuniuonf*olen-    in  hiract  lanil.    F'  '''■'  --  «-  — 
tagiiig  Auiycus,iu.   Can|Tidi :  mv^Sm  t«        SSl  FitKtJt» 


^NEIS.    LIB.  Xn.  689 

icureu  rapido  de  montibus  altis  694,  Ant  nU  amnM 

um  spumosi  amnes,  et  in  sequora  curnint,         ■pumoii  rapido  decurau 

jum  populatus  iter :  non  segnius  ambo        Sft&     ^'  ^"^"^  ««*»«* 

irnusque  ruunt  per  prselia  ;   nunc,  nunc 

ra  intus     nimpuntur  nescia  vinci 

nunc  ^otis  in  vulnera  viribus  itur. 

um  hic,  atavos  et  avorum  antiqua  sonantem  639.  Hic  .SnMtf  fcu 

er  regesque  actum  genus  omne  Latinoa.     630  Pi*'^'  ***1V®  *"'*>">«  "»• 

n  scopulo  atque  ingentis  turbine  saxi  S^umf**"'  '"'*'''*'^  ^'"" 

funditqiie  solo.     Hunc  lora  et  juga  subter  532.'    Efrundit    eum 

)  rotae  ;  crebro  sup^r  ungula  pulsu  pnBcipitem 

domini  memorum  proculcat  equorum.  53S.  Ungulaeqnontm, 

HyUo,  aniinisque  imman^  frementi,  635  "^*^*^"*^ 

elumque  aurata  ad  tempora  torquet :  cuSt  HvHo      '*"'  ^ 

ileam  fixo  stetit  hasta  cerebro. 

3c  tua  te,  Grajiim  fortissime  Creteu, 

irno  :  nec  Di  tex^re  Cupencum, 

ente,  sui :  dedit  obvia  terro  640 

ec  misero  clypei  mora  profuit  erei. 

!  Laurentes  viderunt,  iEole,  campi, 

et  latd  terram  consternere  tergo : 

rgivae  quem  non  potuere  phalanges  644.  Tu  occidis,  qumn 

lec  Priami  regnorum  eversor  Achilles.       546 

urtis  erant  metae  :  domus  alta  sub  Id&  ;  546.  Erat  Ubi  alta  do- 

omus  alta  ;  solo  Laurente  sepulchrum.  "'*■  "^*^  ^^^ »  ^"^  '**• 

conversffi  acies,  omnesque  Latini,  «^«27^!«    ^^™*^* 

rdanida;.     Mnestheus  acerque  Serestua,  543^   ConVerMB  nmi 

us,  eauOm  domitor,  et  fortis  Asylas,  560  in  «e 

que  phalanx,  Evandrique  Arcadis  alae 
sque,  viri  summft  nituntur  opum  vi.  555L  Omnet  viri,  quia- 

nec  requies :  vasto  certamine  tendunt.  ^^*  P"^  •• 

NOTES. 

rru :  deecent.  whoee  priest  he  waa.     C^peima,  in  the  9a> 

iora :  in  the  senie  of  tnare.  bine  language,  signified  a  priMt. 

ilatus:  laying  waste.  541.  JSreu    Pierius  found  am  in  all  the 

ia  vinci :  knowing  not  to  be  con^    ancient    manuacripte  whieh  he  ezamined, 
incible.     RumpunUr :  are  burat    instead  of  oret,  ae  in  the  oommon  editioM. 
heave  aa  if  tbey  would  bunt    Heyne  reade  tereL    Mora :  reaietanoe. 

543.  Ofpttere.    Thie  word  properlr  eipii* 
:  they  go— march.                           fies  to  die,  llke  a  hero,  on  the  field  of  batUe 
\ntem :  in  the  eense  of  jactan'    quaai  ore  petere  terram^  to  bite  the  gronnd, 
aniem,    Actum :  in  the  aenee  of    ae  we  say  in  Eng liah. 

544.  Oeeidie :  thon  &Ueat    Raaiis  aaja, 
Hne:   with  the  foroe.      Hejne    morerii, 

546.  Metmmarhe:  formeUvitm.  the  limit 
Uit :  in  the  aenae  of  dejicit  vel    or  boundary  of  life.    Tliia  la  in  imitation  of 

HomerV  ««>jf  Smmmw». 
r :  in  the  aenae  of  ineuper  vel        547.  Lymemi  :  Lymeaaua  waa  a  dtj  of 

Phrygia,  near  the  Stmit  Airmm^enue. 
a :  quick— in  rapid  moyement         548.  Cemxeras :    RuaNia  eaja,  perausfc 
rfa  tempora :  hia  templea  decked    The  verb  tumi  ia  underatood. 
i  hebnet.  ^l»  •^'•'   ^  *he  aonae  of  eqmiei^  Ttl 


}:    being    pierced— the    apear  ^^f*1Sr^^-.  .a^i^    ^ ^i^     ,\^^, 

ghhishelmet.  4U.^        •'^^  i^^TlS^i      ^^ 

^        ^  this  appeara  merelj  expletnre    Riuraaaaji^ 

uii.    Ruttua  aaja,  tervaioit.  vtrivm. 


in  the  aewie  of  prapitU  ▼•!        553.  Tendmmlt  lntho 
hr,  hif  own  goda    thoaa  goda    yol  liiefmliir. 


590  R  VIRGILn  MARONIS 

Hic  mentem  iEnce  genitrix  pulcherrima  mkil, 

Iret  ut  ad  muros,  urbique  adverteret  agmen  ft) 

Ocyiis,  et  subiti  turbaret  clade  Latinoe. 

557.  lUe  JEneof  Qt  Hle  ut  vestigahs  diversa  per  agmina  TurDum, 

eircaintalit  h^q  atque  huc  acies  circumtdit ;  aspicit  urbem 

Immunem  tanti  belli,  atque  impun^  quietam. 

5«0.  Aocendit  onMittm  Continu6  pugnie  accendit  majoris  inago  :  6W 

.    Mnesthea,  Sergestumque  vocat,  fortemque  SeicnUun, 

Ductores ;  tumulumque  capit,  qu6  ceetera  Teucite 

Concurrit  legio ;  nec  scuta  aut  spicula  densi 

Deponunt.     Celso  medius  stans  aggere  frtor : 

665.  Jnpiter  etat  hde  Ne  qua  meis  esto  dictis  mora :  Jupiter  h4c  stat :       M 

'""^'VS.**^**'  _t  N®"  ^^*®  ®^  inceptum  subitum  mihi  segnior  ito. 

56T.  Emain  arbem     ^jj,^^  j^^^^  causam  belli,  regna  ipsa  Latini, 

Ni  fnenum  accipere  et  victi  parere  &tentur, 
Eruam ;  et  equa  solo  fumantia  cuhnina  ponam. 
Scilicet  exspectem,  libeat  dum  pnelia  Tumo  070 

Nostra  pati  ?  rursiiisque  veiit  concurrere  victua  ? 
57JL   Hoc  ett  caput,  jjoc  caput,  6  cives,  haec  belli  sununa  nefiindi. 
ntmpe,  urbs  Laurenium  p^^g  ^        properd,  foedusque  reposcite  flammii. 

576.   Dcals  marue-      t\-         x       a  •    •  •*  -^   ^u        

^^  ^^  Dixerat :  atque  anunis  panter  certantibus  omnei 

Dant  cuneum,  densAque  ad  muros  mole  fenmtor*      67S 
Scale  improvisd,  subitusque  apparuit  ignis. 
Discumint  alii  ad  portas,  primosque  trucidant : 
Ferrum  alii  torquent,  et  obumbrant  ethera  tdis. 
Ipse  inter  primos  dextram  sub  moenia  tendit 
iEneas,  magn&que  incusat  voce  Latinum :  110 

Testaturque  Deos,  iterum  se  ad  pnelia  cogi ; 
682.  Italosjambia  etie  Bis  jam  Italos  hostes  ;  haec  altera  fcedera  rumpi. 
^^•^  Exoritur  trepidos  inter  discordia  cives : 

Urbem  alii  reserare  jubent,  et  pandere  portas 
Dardanidis ;  ipsumque  trahunt  in  moenia  regem.        685 

NOTES. 

554.    Mentem:    mind— design — purpose.  571.  Pa/i  no«/raprff/ta:  tofigfatwiflimi. 

Muit :    in   the   sense  of  immisii.      Heyne  Ruoeus  sfiyB^ferre  pugnam, 

takes  mentem  in  the  sense  of  consilium.  575.  Dant  cuneum :  thej  forai  themsdTCi 

55B.  ^ciet :  in  the  sense  of  oculoi :  some  into  the  military  wedge,  which  is  dnwn  te 

nnderstand  it  of  the  Tarious  parta  of  the  ar-  a  point  in  the  front,  and  widens  toward  tba 

mj.     Immunem:  in  the  sense  of  expertem.  rcar;  and  in  this  close  bodj  (densa  awb) 

563.  J^ec  scuta  :  this  was  according  to  the  they  rush  against  the  city.     Dant :  in  Um 

custom  of  the   Roman  soldiers,  who  wcre  sense  of /orman/ vel  ybctun/.    Feruniwr:'vt 

wont  to  be  drawb  up  in  arms  before  their  the  sense  of  irruni.     Raeus  interpreU  mtk 

penera.,  wncn  he  harangued  them.     Legio :  by  multitudine. 

\n  the  sense  of  turmtB  vel  acies.      Ruieus  578.  Ferrum,  Any  missive  weapon  tipped 

says  exercitus.  witli  iron  or  steel,  may  bu  called /fmdR. 

C)65.  Stat  hdr .  stands  here  with  us — favors  579.  Tendit :    in  the   senee  of  pro/caAf. 

us — is  on  our  side,  in  this  bold  undertaking.  Sub :  m  the  sense  ofad. 

This  may  be  said  in  allusion  to  his  being  tlie  582.  H(ee  altera  /adereu     The  first  tmtj 

avcnger  of  vinlated  faith.  was,  when  Latinus  promised  to  Ilioneas  to 

568.  Fatentur :  unloss  they  consent  to  re-  take  ^neas  for  his  ally,  and   son-in-lsv 

ceive  the  reins  and  obey.     Aeeiperefranum^  Rn.  vii.  259.     The  second  league  ortraatj 

\fi\/)'<ma  is  a  military  phrase,  denoting  un-  was  that  which  ratified   the  single  combit 

ronuitional  submission  to  the  conqueror. —  betwocn  Tumus  and  £nea8,  195.  suQra. 

Uuft^us  i>ays,  volunt.  585.  Trahunt:  they  draw  the  kingtotbi 

5r9    JKqua :  level  with  the  ground.    Po^  walls,  that  he  may  ralify  the  treaty,  aodM 

»uim  :  in  the  sense  of  prostemoM,  put  an  end  to  the  war. 


^N£IS.    LIB.  Xn.  59^ 

Arma  frrunt  alii,  et  pergunt  defendere  muros. 

biclusas  ut  ciira  latebroso  in  pumice  pastor 

Vestigavit  apes,  fumoque  implevit  amaro : 

Illae  intus  trepidae  rerum  per  cerea  castra  -588.  Implevit  loeum 

Discurrunt,  magnisque  acuunt  stridonbus  iras.  690 

Volvitur  ater  odor  tectis ;  tum  murmure  ceeco 

Intus  saxa  sonant :  vacuas  it  fumus  ad  auras. 

Accidit  hsec  fessis  etiam  fortuna  Ladnis, 
Quie  totam  luctu  concussit  funditus  urbem. 
Regina  ut  tectis  venientem  prospicit  hostem,  .  69b 

Incessi  muros,  ignes  ad  tecta  volare : 
.  Nusquam  acies  contri  Rutulas,  nulla  agmina  Tumi :  ^97.  Contr^  protpteu 

Infelix  pugn»  juvenem  in  certamine  credit  '''^^  "**" 

Cxtinctum  :  et,  subitd  mentem  turbata  dolore,  598.  Credit  javenem 

Se  causam  clamat,  crimenque,  caputque  malorum  :    600  TWntm»  ezunctam  eae 
Muitaque  per  mcestum  demens  efiata  fiirorem,  600.  Se  etse  caaMm 

Purpureos  moritura  manu  discindit  amictus, 
Et  nodum  informis  leti  trabe  nectit  ab  alt&. 
Quam  cladera  miseras  postquam  accep^re  Latinae, 

Filia  prima  manu  flavos  Lavinia  crines,  605     605.    Lavinia  pnma 

Et  roseas  laniata  genas ;  tum  cstera  circtim  /««^  UniaU  qttood 

Turba  furit :  resonant  lat^  plangoribus  aedes. 
Hinc  totam  infelix  vulgatur  &ma  per  urbem. 
Demittunt  mentes :  it,  sciss&  veste,  Latinus, 
Conjugis  attonitus  fiitis,  urbisque  ruin&,  610 

Canitiem  immundo  perfusam  pulvere  turpans : 
Multaque  se  incusat,  qui  non  acceperit  antd 
Dardanium  i£neam,  generumque  adsciverit  ultrd. 

N0TE8. 

586.  Pergunt :  in  the  sense  of  parani.  ritee  of  bnrial.    JfeeHi :  she  binda,  or  tiee 

687.    Pumice.     Pumex  is  properiy  the  the  rope.    /Todum :  in  the  sense  offimem^ 

pamice  stone :  here  put  for  any  ttone.  sajs  Hejne. 

588.  Vetiigavii:  hath  found— ditcovered.  605.  Aeeeptre:  intheeenieof  aiMftvenml. 

589.  Catlra :  their  hives.  TVepida  rerum:  Quam  eladem :  in  the  tenBO  ofeujut  mortem* 
alarmedfortheirBtate— condition.  THmentet  606.  Lavinia  laniata,  After  the  women 
suit  rebut^  says  RuflBOs.  So  fetti  rerum%  had  leamed  the  tragic  end  of  her  motherf 
JEn.  i.  178.  Lavinia  waa  the  first  to  express  her  grief. 

591.  Tectit :  this  again  means  the  hives.  This  she  did  bv  tearing  her  hair,  and  mang- 

Odor :    fume —  vapor,  or  smoke.      Caeo  :  ling  her  rosy  clieeks.    Servius  reads  Jtorot, 

■mothered — obscure.  or  jfhreot,  instoad  ofjlavot^  in  imitation  of 

593.  Fortuna :  in  the  sense  of  ealamitat,  Ennius.  But  there  is  no  authority  to  sup- 
Fettit :  afnicted-rdistressed.  port  this  reading;  and  there  is  no  necessity 

594.  Coneuuit :  in  the  sense  of  implevit,  for  the  alteration ;  for  yellow^  or  golden  hair^ 

595.  Tectit.  Tectum  here  is  in  tiie  sense  was  the  color  most  admired  among  the  an- 
oTurbt.     Incetti:  the  inf.  of  the  verb  ineet'  cients. 

/  tor:  to  be  assaulted.  Ut:  when — as  soon  as.        609.  Demittunt:  their  resolation  fkile— 

599.  Turbata :  in  the  scnse  of  eommota.  they  despond.  Rueus  says,  dejieiunt  anp' 
Mentem  is  put  as  a  Grecism.  mot.      Davidson  renders  it,   ^  their  soala 

600.  Crimen :  the  criminal  aathor.  despond.** 

601.  Dement:    wanting  reason.     Of  de^        610.  Fatit:  in  the  sense  of  morle. 
and  ment.    Affata:  in  the  sense  of  dieent        611.  7\irpant:  defiling — ^tearing. 

yc\  loquent.     Per:  through— during.  612.  Jtfu//a.*  in  thesenseof  mti//um.   This 

60*3.  Informit:  unnatural — awful.  Heyne  and  the  following  line  are  introduced  from 

say^  turpit.     The  poet  here  expresses  his  ^n.  zi.  471.    In  some  copies  they  do  not 

dJMipprobation  of  suicide,  by  calling  it  tn-  appear  in  this  place. 

formis  leti.      A-^cording  to   tbe   pontifical        613.  .^<2««tm/:  admitted,orrecoivedhi0 

boobif  suob  porsons  were  deprived  of  the  as  a  son-in-law* 


nH^^  P    mCILU  MAR0NI3 

IntereA  extremo  bellator  in  lequore  Tann» 
Palantes  sequitur  paucos,  jam  segn  or,  atque  6U 

Jam  miiiilLS  atque  minus  successu  ]a;tu8  equomm. 
Attulit  hunc  illi  caecis  terroribus  aura 
(118.  Commiitiim  c«-  Commixtum  clamorem,  arrectasque  impulit  auret 
c!t  terroribuB  CJonfusiB  sonus  urbis,  ct  illaetabile  murmur. 

Hei  mihi !  quid  tanto  turbantur  moenia  luctu  ?  6<0 

Quisve  ruit  tantus  diversft  clamor  ab  urbe  ? 
Sic  ait :  adductisque  amens  subsistit  habenb. 
Atque  huio,  in  faciem  soror  ut  conversa  Metisci 
Aurigse,  currumquo  et  equos  et  lora  regebati 
M,  Ooourrit  huic  m  Talibus  occurrit  dictis :  H&c,  Turne,  sequamur  6S5 

taUbufdictw:  h^jMrfe,  Trojugenas,  quA  prima  viam  victoria  pandit 
O  Turno  Bxint  ahi,  qui  tecta  manu  deiendere  possint. 

Ingruit  iEneas  Italis,  et  pnelia  miscet : 
£t  nos  saeva  manu  mittamus  funera  Teucris. 
(J30.  Numero  easorum  Nec  numero  inferior,  pugne  nec  honore  recedea.       63D 
631.  Tumufl  respandei  Tumus  ad  haec  : 

O  soror,  et  dudum  agnovi,  c(hm  prima  per  artem 
Fcedera  turbftsti,  teque  haec  in  bella  dedisti  : 
634.  Fallifl  me.    Sod  j;j  „„^0  nequicquam  fallis  Dea.     Sed  quis  Olympo 
cS^imT^  ^         ^  Demissam  tantos  voluit  te  ferre  Ubores  ?  634 

An  fratris  miseri  letum  ut  crudele  videres  ? 
Nam  quid  ago  ?  aut  quie  jam  spondet  fortuna  salutem? 
638.  Ego  ipse  vidi  m-  Vidi  oculos  ante  ipse  meos,  me  voce  ▼ocantem 
*^e?er(rante*^e*"*^ur^'  ^urranum,  quo  non  superat  mihi  charior  alter, 
S^nt^  mTyo^^atq^  Oppetere  ingentcm,  atque  ingenti  vulnere  victum.      6« 
victum  Occidit  infehx,  ne  nostrum  dedecus,  Ufens, 

643.  Jfostrit   miserit  Aspiceret :  Teucri  potiuntur  corpore  et  armis. 
i^^u"  Exscindi-ne  domos,  id  rebus  defuit  unum, 

NOTES. 

614.  JEquore :  in  the  senee  of  cttmpo»  617.  Aura:  in  the  eense  otvenius,  Lmas* 

615.  iSe^mor.     Ruibus  says, /arc/ior.  unknown — uncertain.    Runus  eays,  ntf ertii. 
%\Q.  Succtssu  equorum.    Servius^andmost        619.  lUatabUe:  moumful — nnjoyoua.  Of 

interpreters  ailer  him,  take  the  meaning  to  tn,  neg.  and  laiabilis, 

bo  .  that  Tumus  was  now  less  pleased  with  621.  Diversd:  in  the  sense  of  ab  imns 

his  horses,  because  they  were  out  of  breath,  parte  urbis,     Ruajus  says,  dissiia. 

and  fatigued.     But  it  seems  much  better  to  625.  Occurrii :  in  the  senee  of  rtsponaik 

undcr<>tand  it  of  his  being  loss  pleascd  with  627.  Tecta :  in  the  sense  of  urhem, 

the  easy  victory  he  gained,  now  that  iEneas  629.   Mittamu* :   in  the  eense  of  demus 

was  rotired,  and  only  a  few  straggling  troops  Funera  sceva  :  m  the  senee  of  erudelem  mst' 

lefi  in  the  field.     This  agrees  with  the  ex-  tem^  says   Rufeu«.     ^  Let  us  sprcad  cmd 

pressions  paucos  palantes.     Succcssu  equo'  death  among  thn  Tiojane.'*     Valpy. 

rum :  tliis  loitt  intimatcs.,  that  the  victory  he  630.  Kumero .  in  the  number  of  the  slaui. 

gaincd  was  now  so  easy,  that  he  had  only  Tumus  should  equal  £neaa  in  the  nnmber 

to  drive  the  enemy  before  his  chariot,  with-  of  his  slain,  and  in  the  glory  of  tbe  fight 

out  meeting  with  any  resistance.     Tumus  632.  ^gnovi:  the  pron.  ie  is  understood. 

might  tliink  the  victory  not  worthy  of  his  633.  T\irbdsti:  in  the  aenee  of  n^^isti, 

valor,  and  was  therefore  less  pieased  with  634.  Fallis :  Heyne  saya,  vis  laiere, 

it,  than  if  it  had  more  richly  rewarded  him.  638.  Murranttm,     He  waa  one  of  the  Ita- 

Thi:»  better  accords  with  the  sentiments  of  lian  princes,  and  slain  by  JEneaa,  Yene5S9. 

the  soldier.     This  is  the  opinion  of  David-  supra.     Ingentem :  mighty — powerfuL 

■on.     He  renders  the  words;  ^  with  tho  64\,Ufens,    He  conunanded  the  Agnools. 

cheap  victory  of  his  horaes."    Heyne  agrees  See  .£n.  vii.  745. 

with  Servius.     Ruibus  obsorves  :    he  was  643.  Unum :  in  the  mdm  of  joImr.    Tbt 

le«  T'Icaaed  with  his  horses,  becauie  they  only  thing  wanting  to  oor  oomptoCe  wiolck- 

had  carried  him  so  far  from  the  fight.  odneH  and  miaer/* 


JRt^ElB.    MB.  ZII  593 

Perpetiar  f  <textrft  nec  Drancis  dicte  refeHani  ?  644 

Terga  dabo  ?  et  Tumuin  fugientem  hiBC  terra  yidelut  T 

U«que  ade6ne  mon  misenim  ent  ?  vos  6  mihi  Ijdaneii  646.    Eit-ne    uaqoe 

Eetc  boni ;  quoniam  Superifl  ayeraa  voluntas.  «  *^^«   ,,  , 

cs       .      j  A         •  *•      •  1  647.  VolunUa  Sope- 

Sancta  ad  voa  amma,  atque  istms  inscia  culpae,  ^  ^  aTen»  tmhi 

Descendam,  magnorum  haud  unquam  indignua  avonmi. 

Vix  ca  fatus  erat :  medios  volat,  ecce,  per  hoetes  660 
Vectus  equo  spomante  Sages ;  adversa  sagittA 

Stucius  ora  ruitque,  iropiorans  nomine  l^umum  :  ^**    Sandu*   ^mmd 

Tume,  in  te  supiema  salus  ;  miserere  tuonim.  l^T/lr^tra  .uprraia 

Fulminat  iEneas  armis,  summasque  minatur  ^^u,  ^ 

Dejecturum  arces  ItaKimf  excidioque  daturum :  666     655.  Daturam  ra»  ar* 

Junque  faces  ad  tecta  volant.     In  te  ora  Latini,  ee» 

In  te  oculos  referunt     mussat  rex  ipse  Latinus, 
Quos  generos  vocet,  aut  qusB  sese  ad  ftedera  flectat. 
Pretere^  regina,  tui  fidisfluna,  dextrA 
Occidit  ipsa  suA,  lucemque  exterrita  fugit.  660 

Soli  pro  portis  Messapus  et  acer  Atinas 
Sustentant  aciem      Circum  hos  utrinque  phalanges 

Stant  denssB,  strictisque  seges  mucronibus  horret  .  ^^  ^  itriclie  nncr^ 

Ferrea :  tu  currum  deserto  in  gramine  versas*  mhuM 

Obstupuit  variA  confusus  imagine  rerum  666 

Turnus,  et  obtutu  tacito  stetit.     iEstuat  ingens 
Imo  in  corda  pudor,  mixtoque  insania  luctu, 
Et  furiis  agitatus  amor,  et  conscia  virtus. 

Ut  primQm  discusse  umbre,  et  lux  reddita  menti,  009.  ^imldiaeoM» 

Ardentes  oculorum  acies  ad  mosnia  torsit  670 

Turbidus,  dque  rotis  magnam  respexit  ad  urbem. 
£cce  autem,  flammis  inter  tabuhita  volutus 

N0TE8. 

644.  Dieta  DraneiM.    See  JEn.  zi.  336,  the  state  of  Latinue'  mind.     On  the  one 

tf  sequen».  hand,  he  was  inclined  to  match  hli  daughter 

'  646.  Est-ne  utque  ade^:  b  It  indeed  so  with  JEneas,  and  ftillU  his  engagementi: 

Jirievous  a  thing  to  die  i  on  the  other,  ho  wat  overawed  by  Tnmuii, 

647.  Superit:  in  the  senee  of  Superorum.  and  dunt  not  openly  declare  hie  sentimenta; 

'^mU :  propitioua — kmd.  Tumne  now  plain-  but  faintlj  hinted  them,  iike  one  who  mut- 

'ff  seea,  that  the  gods  abore  are  against  ters  what  he  is  afraid  to  speak  out.    Rueus 

^  hun,   and  that  he  must  fall  beneath  the  sajs,  dubUat,    Heyne  says,  taeUi  deli/terai, 

~^lfrord  of  /Eneas.    He  addrosses  himself  to  Rtferuni :  tum — cast.    The  yerb  is  to  be 

^'  ilie  jgods  below,  (Manet,^  not  so  much  with  repeated  before  each  objective  case. 

1i' view  to   obtain  their  assistanco  against  659.  Tui:  in  the  sense  of  #t^t. 

^  ''tte  purposes  of  Jove,  as  thej  might  give  662.  Aeitm :  in  the  sense  of  fugnam, 

^^bt  shade,  his  eaneta  animOt  a  welcome  re-  Phalanget :  the  troops  in  general. 

aeption ;  since  it  would  descend  to  them  664.  Deterto  gramine :  in  the  sonae  of  er- 

.    borered  with  glory,  free  from  any  imputa-  trema  eampo.    See  614,  supra. 

Hfen  of  cowardirQ  or  fault,  and  no  waj  de-  665.  Rerum  ^  of  distress — afllictioii«    /«•- 

ipnerate  fVom  his  illustrious  ancestors.  agine:  forro-^image. 

'648.  intcia  ittiiu  eutpa:  free   iVom  the  667.  Jngentpudor:  this,  and  the  fbUow* 

fcalt  or  qrime  of  deserting  his  iKends  in  ing  line  are  repeated  from  ELn,  z.  870. 

*  llisir  distross,  and  difliculty.    This  he  will  668.  Jntania  :  distraction.    Ruene  eava, 

moX  do,  thou^h  he  knows  that  it  must  ter-  awuniia,  f  FuriiM,   Heyne  conjectores  refer- 

prinate  in  his  death.     Saneta :  pure— nn-  enee  fs  had  to  the  nuptials  of  Lavinia,  of 

jpoDnted.  which  he  now  began  to  d«sp»air. 

C5C  Ora:  in  the  sense  of  vuliutn,    He  670.  .^rieffomlmiii:  thesightof  l^leeysB: 

was  wounded  fbll  in  the  faee— right  in  front.  simplj,  his  ejes.    Hejne  reMs,  orbe», 

Bmhimit:  in  the  eense  of  voeoiu.  671.  Rotit:  in  the  senee  of  eurru, 

«55.  Dgeeiur*tm:  woold  raee.  67S.  fortexilammit :  a  whirlhup  vohuDe 

€67.  Muttai,    Thie  word  etronglj  marks  of  flame  rolled,  kc    Tbe  prep.  i  m  WDkdm» 

39 


■•  t 


€75 


091  P   ¥IROILU  MASONIS 

Ad  cceluin  inidabat  voKez,  tunimqiie  tooebtt ; 
Turnm,  compactis  trabibiM  quam  eduxerat  ipaet 
Subdideratque  rotaa,  ponteaque  inalraverat  altoe» 
Jam  jam  btLt  aoror,  Bupennt;  '«bBiste  moimri 
Qu6  Deus,  et  qud  dura  vocat  fbrtunm  aequamur. 
e7tt.  Biat  mihi  pati  Stot  cooferre  manum  ^nee :  stat«  quicquid  aoerU  e* 
quicqaid  aMrbi  mx  m  Morte  pati ;  nec  me  indeoorem,  genmna !  ndobia 
mnrte  Ampliiiis.    Hunc,  oro,  aine  me  furare  anl^  furoiem. 

680.  AnU  flMr/m       jy^^^ .  ^^  ^  ^^  aaltum  dedit  ocyte  anris :  681 

Perque  hoatea,  per  tela  mit ;  mmatamque  aoromQ 
Deserit ;  ac  Fafudo  cunu  madia  agmina  nunpit. 
Ac,  veluti  montis  aaxum  de  vertioe  prooepa 
C84.  VelQt cdm««um  ciim  ruit  avulsum  vento,  sen  tarfaidua  imber 

HwSSit  tS^Sio  P«>l"i^  ^^  •^^  '^^^  «Wm~  vetustae ;      ^ 

Fertur  in  abruptum  magno  bmmis  knprobus  aotn, 

Exsultatque  solo^  sylvas,  armenta,  viroaqne 
Involvens  secum :  di^ecta  per  agmina  Tuimua 
Sic  urbis  ruit  ad  muroa,  ubi  pkuuaa  Iubo 
Sanguine  terra  madet,  stridentqoe  hastilibus  amrm : 
Significatque  manu,  et  magno  ainml  incipit  ore : 
^^     „   ^         .  .     Parcite  jam.  Rutuli ;  et  voa.  tela  inhibile,  L 
™  Z'^:  ellJI!  Q««cunque  ert,  feituna  am  at ;  me  lerite 
Vijg  Pro  vobis  ibedus  luere,  et  deoemere  finro. 

695.  Luera  tnolaium  Discess^re  omnes  medii,  spatiumqae  deddre. 
fcdduM  At  pater  iEneaa,  audito  nomine  Tunii, 

7  Ath^"'*'^!  ^^***^  Deserit  et  muroa,  et  summaa  deaeiit  arcea ; 
Zi  Eiyx!  aurqu^t"  «;  Pnecipita^ue  moras  omMi :  opera  omnia  nimpil, 
pater   Apenninus  ipte,  L®titi&  ezsultana)  horrendumque  mtonat  armia :         701] 
cum  fremit  Quantus  Athos,  aut  quantus  Eryz,  aut  ipae  coraaeis 

NOTES. 

■tood  to  govem  Jlammis.      Tabulata:  the  681.  ArviM:  in  the  senee  of  ttrrtt. 

Bteges  or  stories  of  the  tower.  685.  Twrbidvu  imher:  a  violent  heftvy  nii 

674.  Turrim<t  quam  ipse :  the  tower  which  686.  Proluit :  washed  away — nndermiMi 

he  himself  had  raised,  &c.     Eduxerat:  in  it.     FttUMtat:  in  the  eenee  o£temput,   Svk 

the  sense  of  struxerat,  lapsa :  having  paased  away.     Rueut  taji 

673.   Subdiderat:   had    placed    under  it  labente,     SolvU:  tom  it  away-— broken  i 

wheels.  loose. 

To^ers  werobuiltof  woodfiindcommonly  ^^1 ,  Mon»  fertur  improbus :    the  maa 

■everal  stories  (tabulata)  high.     They  were  rock  ia  carried  violent,  &c.     Mon*  here  ev 

for  the  purpose  of  defence,  or  aesault ;   and  dcntly  means  the  same  aa  saxum^  jnat  bi 

were  so  constructed    that    thov  could   be  fore  mentioned.    /n  abmptum:  down  tt 

moved  by  mcans  of  wheeU  or  rollers,  placed  sidea  of  the  mountain.     Improbus  impli 

under  them,  to  the  place  where  they  were  that  the  rock  rushod  down  with  an  irres 

required.     Sometimes  several  of  thcm  wcre  tible  force.    Actu:  in  the  eense  of  tmpeftt 

connected  by  meana  of  bridges  {pontes)  at  689.  Invoheru :  in  the  acnse  of  rapia 

the  tops,  made  of  planka  and  timbcr.     By  Disjeeta  :  scattered — fleeing  before  him. 

these  bridges  the  men  could  pass  from  one  690.  Plurima :  in  the  senee  of  p/urtffM 

to  Lnother,  whenever  it  became  necessary.  This  implice  that  Tumua  rushed  into  tJ 

678.  Stat :  the  imp.  ofsto,  I  am  resolved  hottest  of  the  battle— whore  the'earth  wi 

-4t  hi  fixed.     Rusbus  saya,  delibemtum  est,  wet  the  most  with  blood. 

680.  Furere  hune :  in  the  sons 'of  Hndul-  692.  Ore :  in  the  sense  of  voee, 

^ere  huir  furori,     The  conttruction  is  ac-  693.  Pareite:  cease,  or  spare  yoorais 

cording  to  a  Greek  idiom.     Permit  me,  O,  694.    Veriiis :    in   the    sense  of  cefiM 

liistcr !  to  rage  in  this  manner — ^to  indulge  Pro  vobis :  in  your  room,  and  stead. 

thispasMon.    ,^nte:  this  refers  to  his  death,  698.  Deserit :  in  the  sense  of  re/tn^iaf. 

or  his  engagement  with  ^neas,  in  which  he  699.  Rumpit :  m  the  sense  of  abrumpn 

was  persuaded   he  should   be  slain  :  anle  700.  Intonai:  in  the  «ense  of  fonai. 

ffu^r/em,  vel  anfi^flmmoriar^  701.  Athos  :  a  moantain  in  Macedon 


JBNBIB.    LIB.  XII. 

Cftm  fremit  ilieibus  qiumtiis,  gaudetque  nivmh 
Vertice,  se  attoUeos  pater  ApeDninus  ad  auras. 

Jam  ver6  et  Rutuli  certatim,  et  Troes,  et  omnes 
Convertdre  oculos  Itali ;  quiqiie  alta  tenebant  706 

Mcpnia,  quique  imos  pulsabant  arieie  muros ; 
Armaque  deposudre  humeris.     Stupet  ipse  LatinuSi 

Ingentas  genitos  diversis  partibus  orl4s  TOe.    Z>Ma#   bifMtas 

liatsr  se  coiisae  viros,  et  cemere  ferro.  ^^  ganitoi  in 

Atque  illi,  ut  vacuo  patuerunt  aBquore  campit  710     7ia  UtjrrMsi 

Procursu  rapido,  conjectis  eminilis  hastis,  ^ 

Invadunt  Martem  cljpeis  atque  sbts  sonoro. 
Dat  gemitum  tellus :  tttm.crebros  ensibus  ietus 
CcNigeminant :  fors  et  virtus  miscentur  in  uoiim. 
Ac  velut,  ingenti  SilAt  summove  Tabumo,  716 

Cikm  duo  conversis  inimica  in  pnslia  taiui 
Frontibus  incurrunt ;  pavidi  cess^re  magistri ; 
Stat  pecus  omne  metu  mutum ;  mussantque  juveDe«« 
Qlris  pecori  imperitet ;  quem  tota  armenta  sequantur :         719.  Qnis  immu 
lUi  inter  sese  multi  vi  vulnera  miscent,  720 

Comuaqiie  obnixi  infigunt,  et  sanguine  laigo  .  ^^^  Comua  imitr  m 

CoUa  annosque  bivant :  gemitu  nemus  omne  remugit      •*"•""• 
Haud  aliter  TroA  iEoeas  et  Daunius  heroe 
Goocurrunt  clypeis :  ingens  firagor  ntbera  complet 

Jupiter  ipse  duas  «quato  examine  knces  7S6 

Sustinet,  et  fiita  imponit  diversa  duorum ; 
Quem  damneC  labor,  et  quo  vergat  pondere  letam. 

N0TE8. 

piujselhiy  faito  ths  JEfeaii  ms.    It  ia  Mid  Apeimms  nioimtafait  hi  Calabria.  TViaiinio: 

le  bs  ilsty  flrilei  fai  mgth,  «111  lo  high  that  this  was  a  moaatain  fai  the  confines  of  Cain* 

it  overehadows  tbo  islrad  of  Lemnos.    Ho-  puia,  whieh  blodu  op  tho  fkmous  etraite  ol 

iIm»  Jlfbtile  S&nf,    It  is  eo  ealled  from  the  CoiMlt  or  Cmidfym.    Here  the  Roman  mrmj 

muiiber  of  momaterieo  opon  it.    Erfat :  a  was  obHged  to  ■urrender  to  the  Sanmiles, 

■Meatain  in  Sioiljr,  nezt  in  height  to  JStna,  and  to  paM  nnder  tlie  volKe. 

■e  ealled  from  a  king  of  that  name  who  was  717.  Magutri :  in  the  eenM  of  jMffOrM. 

alafai  bj  Heronlee.    It  ie  ritoated  near  the  CetUrt .-  in  tfate  eeiiM  9^  fugtnaU. 

Msetem  ride  of  tbe  iaUmd.    Hedte,  Mvnit  718.  MuttmU:  Heyne  mjb,  leetH  M^pee- 

OtiilMNe.  tonl.    RuBoe  Mje,  HimM^  ef  ^«Mri  Isrili 

70S.  Polerwlpefintiiut;  monnt  Apennine  «N^rtiml. 

is  hefe  ealled  paieti  either  u  beinr  the  pa-  721.  Largo :  in  the  eenM  of  mvU»» 

feat  of  eo  many  noble  riyera  ano  woods;  TtS.  Lawnni!  RoBoe  «its,  ItngMil. 

er  by  waj  of  dignitj,  u  being  the  grMteet  723.  Doimniff  herot :  Tufniis.    He  waa 

Monnliin  in  Itafy.    The  ApenninM  are  pro-  the  son  of  Doimicf  and  VeniHm, 

yariy  a  range  of  mountaine  running  the  725.   JEquaio  eacamine:   eqnal  poiM  or 

«rfaole  leneth  of  Italj,  and  diyiding  it  nearlj  balance.    Examen  b  the  tongne,  or  needlo 

ia  the  MicUle.  of  the  l>a]ance,  whieh,  being  ezactlj  in  eyvt- 

704i  Gn^leliai  .*  eaferl j.  /t6rto,  ehowe  the  eealM  to  be  eqnaL 

700.  ingeniea  viroe:  that  two  mightj  he-  727.  QuaR  iaber  dammei:  whom  the  oofii» 

wmm  bom  in,  te.  bat  ahould  derote  or  doom  to  death.    The 

700.   Cetiffe  .*  in  the  aenM  of  eongreiL  fiitea,  or  dertinT,  were  not  at  the  dimoeal  of 

Omnen  :  ia  the  eenM  of  jn^nare,  rel  deeer-  Jore.    He  eouid  onl j  ezamine  inio  uitnTitj. 

mtte,  He  puts  {imponii)  the  fktM  of  the  eombat- 

710.  Cmnpt.-  the  ground— Ihe  space  dear-  ants  into  the  scalM  of  the  balance,  to  bm 

ed  ftr  the  combatants.  whieh  end  of  the  beam  would  riM.    Senriiis, 

TISL   MsMiiml  Mariem  .-011110  mum  of  and  some  others,  take  the  words  in  the  stHM 

ilMMiml  y%ignam,  of  quemftlix  labor  damnei  voHt :  whom  tho 

Tl4.  Conganinmni:  thej  repMt — redon-  combat  shail  doom  to  paj  hisTOws— who 

ila»    Jn  vniisi  .*  into  one--together.  ahall  be  the  successful  combatant.    Bot  it 

715b  Sils '  a  Tast  ibrest,  or  tract  of  hilla,  is  earier  lo  conrider  the  ezprserioe  aa  relbr* 

0ffW9mA  vllk  wood,  that  Ibrmed  part  of  the  ring  to  one  and  tha  Mma 


^^  P.  VlRGILn  MAROMIS 

Emicat  hic,  hnpund  putans,  et  corpo.e  toCo 
7».  VuUnaJuiurum  Alt6  sublatuui  consurgit  Turnus  in  enaein, 
npui^  iibi,  Tumus  hlo  ^^  ferit.     Exclamant  Troes,  trepidique  Latim,  7» 

*'"**'*  Arrectsque  amborum  acies.     At  perfidus  ensM 

Frangiiur,  in  mcdioque  ardentem  deaerit  ictu, 
Ni  fuga  subsidio  subeat.     Fugit  ocyor  Euro, 
Ut  capulum  ignotum,  dextramque  adspexit  inermvm. 
735.   Kama  e«t,  eum  Fama  est,  prascipitem,  ciim  prima  in  praelia  junctua   716 
pnDcipUem,  cAm    con.  Conscendebat  equos,  patrio  mucrone  reiicto, 
l^P^TpZXl^  ^m  trepidat,  ferrum  aurig»  rapui«e  Metisd  : 
pidat,  rapuiflae  Idque  diu,  dum  terga  dabiftit  palantia  Teucn, 

Sufiecit :  postquam  arma  Dei  ad  Vulcaiiia  Tentum  est, 
Mortalis  mucro,  glacies  ceu  futilis,  icta  74C 

Dissiluit :  fulvA  resplendent  fragmina  arenA. 
Erg6  amens  diversa  iiigi  petit  equora  Tumi», 
Et  nunc  huc,  inde  huc,  incertos  hnplicat  oibee. 
Undique  enim  dens4  Teucri  inclusdre  coron& : 
Atque  hinc  vasta  palus,  hinc  ardua  mcenia  cingniit.    745 
746.  iEneas  insequi-      Nec  minus  iEneas,  quanqnam  tardata  sagittH 
tur,    quanquam  genua  Interdum  genua  impediunt,  cursumque  recusant, 

^'^4*8*  "p?dem    trepidi  Inseq"'tur :  trepidique  pedem  pede  fervidua  urge^ 
j\i^  Inclusum  veluti  si  quando  fluminc  nactus 

749.  Si  quando  canii  Cervum,  aut  puniceie  septum  formidine  penna^f  7(10 

ienator  nactufl  Venator  cursu  canis  et  latratibus  instat : 

IUe  autem,  insidiis  et  rip&  territus  alti, 
Mille  fugit  refugitque  vias :  at  vividus  Umber 

NOTES. 

eombat  shaU  devote  to  ruin,  aa  above.    This  734.  Capuhan :  the  hilt  only  remaincd  ni 

lA  tliu  opinion  of  Valpy.     Davidson  renders  his  hand.     He  now  discovered  the  &tal  mi»> 

tbe    words^  ^^  whom   the  toilsome  combat  take.     Ui :  when — a«  soon  as. 

destines  to  victory.'*     Labor :  in  the  Bcnse  737.  Trepidat :  in  the  senso  of  proptraL 

of  pugna,  says  Ileyne.     The  poet  here  imi-  739.  Suffeeit:  in  the  sense  of  toAt  fuii* 

tatcs  Hoincr,  who  inaiccs  Jovo,  in  like  man-  Vulcania  arma  Dei:  in  the  Bense  of  arwM 

ner,  wuigh  thc  fatcs  of  Hcctor  and  Achilles.  Dei    Vukanit   vel    Divina   anna    Vuieaai 

Q</o  pondrrt :  in  which  scalo.     Death  was  Those  arms  which  Vulcan  made  for  £ceu. 

to  fall  to  the  party,  whose  scale  Mink  or  fell.  This    construction    is    imitated    from   Um 

Kuseus  says,  mors  incltnat,  Greeks. 

729.  ,4lle :  tliis  is  to  be  taken  with  tubla-  740.  Mortalit  mucro :  a  eword  made  bj 
tum.  men — a  mortal  sword.   Puiilit:  inthesensi 

730.  Ferit :  ^nean  is  understood.     TVe-  oii  fragilit. 

pidi:  trembling — in  anxious  fear.     Contur-  741.  DittUuit:  in  the  wense  of/rattut  ed 

git :  in  the  scnse  of  inturgit.  742.    Diverta  aqucra :   difierent  parts  e 

731.  Arrectce:  in  the  scnse  of  tutpenta.  the  plain.  Ament:  alarmed.  Of  a  prif 
The  verb  tunt  is  understood.  and  mmt. 

732.  Deterit :  leaves  him  ardent  for  the  743.  Implieat :  in  the  sense  of  faeii  vt 
6ght,  at  thc  mcrcy  of  his  antagonist.  These  format.  Ho  wheels  around  in  his  flifbl 
(ast,  or  words  of  the  like  import,  are  neces-  forming  irre^ar  figures,  or  cirdes. 

sary  to  make  the  sonse  coraplete.     When        744.  Corond  derua :  in  cloee  ranks— ia  < 

he  mountcd  his  chariot,  it  was  his  intention  close  compact  body. 

to  take  his  trusty,  heavenly  tempered  sword        746.  Sagitta :  the  arrow  by  which  he  wa 

— that  sword  made  by  Vulcan  forhisfatheri  wounded   in  the  beginning  of  the  actioa 

but  in  his  haste  and  perturbation,  he  took  Heyne  says,  vtiinere, 

the  sword  of  Metiscus^bis  charioteer;  which        748.  Fervidut :  in  the  eense  of  ardens, 

here  decoived  him.    It  is  therefore,  called        749.  Flumine :  some  copies  hare  tn  Jht 

perjidut  entit.  mine.  Heyne  omits  the  tn.    This  is  tbe  reai 

733.  Jii/uga:  had  not  fligrht  come  to  his  ingof  the  Roman  MS.  Jnehuutm:  endoMd 
aid — had  he  not  instantly  and,  he  would  or  confinod  by  a  river. 

hav«^  fallen  under  the  arm  of  ^noas,  being        750.    Fr^rmidine.     The  Jbrmtid»^  as  T>f 
lcit  m  (hat  defenceless  state.  Trapp  obeerves,  was  a  rope  sliick  thiek  vill 


iENEIS.    UB.  Xn  097 

Heret  hians,  jam  jamque  tenet,  similisque  tenenti  754.  Hlanf  haret  Off» 

Increpuit  malis,  morsuque  elusus  inani  est.  765  i*™  jamque  tanot  tum 

Tum  verd  exoritur  clamor :  ripaeque  lacusque 
Responsant  circi,  et  coelum  tonat  omne  tumultu. 

llie  simul  fugiens,  Rutulos  simul  increpat  omnes,  768.  Dle  T\tmut  ••- 

Nomine  quemque  vocans ;  notumque  efHagitat  ensem.      mvl  ett  fugiene 
ifineas  mortem  contriL,  praesensque  minatur  760  * 

Exitium,  si  quisquam  adeat :  terretque  trementes,  761.  Adeet  7\tmum : 

Excisurum  urbem  minitans,  et  saucius  instat  terretque  eo$  trementee, 

Quinque  orbes  explent  cursu,  totidemque  retoxunt  «""tane  $e  ezcmunim 

Huc,  illuc  :  nec  enira  levia  aut  ludicra  petuntur 
Pripmia  ;  sed  Tumi  de  vitA  et  sanguine  certant         766 

Fortd  sacer  Fauno  foliis  oleaster  amaris 
Hic  steterat,  nautis  olim  venerabile  lignum  ; 

Servati  ex  undis  ubi  figere  dona  solebant  768.  Ubi  HH  eervau 

Laurenti  Divo,  et  votas  suspendere  vestea :  •*  "^**" 

8ed  stirpem  Teucri  nullo  discrimineVacrum  770 

Bustulerant,  puro  ut  possent  concurrere  campo. 

Hic  basta  iEneae  stabat :  huc  impetus  illam  772.  Impetos  c/wf  ifex- 

Detulerat,  fixam  et  lentA  in  radice  tenebat.  ^ 

Incubuit,  voluitque  manu  convellere  ferrum, 

Dardanides ;  teloque  sequi,  quem  prendere  cursu       776     775.   Seqaiqne  7W- 
Non  poterat.     Tum  verd  amens  formidine  Tumus,  '•^  **^°»  *'"®"' 

Faune,  precor,  miserere,  inquit :  tuque  optima  femim 
Terra  tene :  colui  vestros  si  semper  honores, 
Quos  contHi  iEneadse  bello  fecdre  pro&nos. 
Dixit :  opemque  Dei  non  cassa  in  vota  vocavit.  780 

NOTES. 

red  or  critiiMMi   feathere  to  enclese,  and  Expleni:  in  theeeneeof  eofi/Ernml.    ReUM- 

frighten  the  deer,  or  other  animale.      See  uni:  Ruvus  saye,  releguni. 

Cv«or.  iii.  371.  754,  £ntm:  in  the  lenBe  of  equidem,   Lu" 

75S.  Umber:    a  doj  of  Umbria,  in  the  ^^^0;  trifling— of  no  value. 

Mr.)i  of  Ualy.    Cemu  ie  underetood.    Fm-  ^^   ^^^^^      ^^^  ^jl^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^ 

rfiij/  qnick  ■cented.  ^  ^^       j^^  ^^^^  templem  tLat  the 

T«i5.  /n«^.l;  Ra«»s  «yt,  tn^anut/.--  JonsecVatVd  ofTering.   might  *^be  .UBpended 

Heshut.hi.jaw.,a.ifmtheactof.eixing  «pon  iu  bough..   It  wa.  a%ery  durable  tree. 

^i\.  Si  quit  adeai.    VirrU  here  outrage.  ««d  not  apt  to  receive  any  mjury,  though 
•wi.  mjwMuacw.     ▼»«B»*  Mw«»  wMM«go.  many  nail.  wore  dnven  mto  it. 

tlM  ebaracter  of  hi.  hero.    It  1.  true  he  ha.  ^^\  ~  ,.    ,^1...  „^^  K;tt«F 

«.  1      />  u  r     'A      D^*  :a  :    a^  wooa.    It.  leaves  were  Ditter. 

the  example  of  Homer  for  it.    But  it  1.  to  .  r     i.        k/ 

be  remembered  the  two  poeU  lived  in  very        7^7.  Lipium:  m  the  •en.e  of  «rfror.    Fe- 

^fibrent  .UQm  of  .ociety.  Tuma.  U  forced  nerabiU  :  m  the  mum  of  venerandum. 
tothe  contert  with  wiequal  weapon..  Of  769.  Voiat:  in  tho  woiwe  of  devotat. 
his  .word  he  i.  deprived,  and  lell  without        770.  Jfuilo  diterimint:  with  no  regard  to 

•rm..    In  thi.  .ituation,  he  i.  purmed  by  it.  racrednen.    JVWto  retpetiu  habiio^  wy. 

/Bnea.,  who  threaten.  to  put  the  perron  to  Heyne. 

death,  who  idiall  give  him  hi.  .word,  that  he        771.  Puro:  in  the  mmo  of  aperlo^  vol 

fBa.v  be  in  a  oondition  to  defend  himMlf,  vacuo.    Sutiuierani:  in  thetenM  of  a6«etii- 

anu  be  on  more  equal  term.  with  hb  ad?er*  derani. 

mrj.    Thi.  i.  a  courM  of  conduct,  wbich        773.  Lenia  radite  .•  in  the  tough  root.    It 

no  age  or  nation^  however  barbarou.,  can  .tuck  faet  in  the  root,  m  that  it  oould  not  be 

i«etify.     Much  leM  i.  it  becoming  in  the  m>U  drawn  out. 

dior,  and  the  hero.    The  putting  to  death        775.  Dardamdu :  JEneae.   A  |»atronymic 

•f  tinarmed  and  defenoele»  perMn.  may  be  from   Dardano..      Incubuii :   Roeu.  My., 

pffmetiMd,  but  cannot  be  juetified.    Valpy.  intittii. 

743L  Retexuni  iotidem :  they  retrace,  or        776.  ^ment :  Rums  n^rs,  exanimaiut. 
|(>rm  back  again,  as  many  more.   The  mean-        778.  Colui:  I  have  regarded,  or  held  m- 

ing  ia^  that  Turnus  went  five  time.  .round  cred. 
tlw  field  nf  ocinbat.  par.ued  by  JEnea.—         780;  Catta:   n  the  eeBM  of  mMiiliA. 


I^g  P  ViROILU  MARCmiS 

Namque  diu  luctans,  lentoque  in  strrpe  nKnmta^ 
Viribus  haud  ullis  yaluit  discludere  morsuB 
Roboris  ^neaa.    Dum  nititur  acer  et  instat^ 
784.  Rnnite  Daania  Rursus  in  aurigie  faciem  mutata  Metiscn 
Dm  imitala  ia  &oi«m     Procurrit,  firatrique  ensem  Dea  Dannia  reddit  185 

^  Quod  Venus  audaci  Nymphe  indignata  Bcere , 

Accessit,  telumque  ahft  ab  ra£ce  revellit. 
Olli  sublimes,  armis,  (nimisque  refecti, 
Hic  gladio  fidens,  hic  acer  et  aiduus  hasti, 
Adsistunt  contrit  certamine  Martis  anheli.  790 

Junonem  intereii  rex  omnipotends  Olympi 
Alloquitur,  fulv&  pugnas  de  nube  tuentem. 
QusB  jam  finis  erit,  conjux  ?  quid  denique  reelat  T 
7S>4.  Tu  i|wa  wsii,  et  Indigetem  iEneam  scis  ipsa,  et  sdre  fiiteris, 

b^t^  dSKri^^  ^®^®"  ^®^^'  fetisque  ad  sidera  toffi.  79< 

^^        ^  Quid  struis  ?  aut  qq^  spe  geKdis  in  nubibus  luera  T 

Mortalin'  decuit  Tiolari  TuTnere  Divnm  ? 
Aut  ensem  ^quid  enim  sine  te  Jutuma  valeret  t) 
799.  Deouit-ne   eum  Ereptum  reddi  Tumo,  et  vim  crescere  victis  ? 
Divum  violari  Desine  jam  tandem,  precibusque  inflectere  nostris :    W 

Nec  te  tantus  edat  tacitam  dolor;  et  mihi  cure 
Ssepe  tuo  dulci  tristes  ex  ore  recursent. 
Ventum  ad  supremum  est    Terris  agitare  vel  unAi 
e05    Domam  Laiini  Trpjanos  potuisti ;  in&ndum  accendere  bellum, 
SOe!  Veto  ie  tentare  Deformare  domum,  et  luctu  miacere  hymenaeioB :       805 
quiequam  Ulteriilis  tentare  veto.    Sic  Jupiter  orsus  * 

NOTE8. 

782.  DiMehiden  mornu  roborit :  to  loosen,    «de  of  hii  mother,  waa  of  divine  dmrmX 
or  separate  the  hold   of  the  wood.     The     Valpy  mvB^  ^  destined  to  divinity.*' 

poet  here  represents  the  root  of  the  tree  798.  f  aleret:  'inihe»enaeofpasMetfieen, 

(siirpe)  as  a  fiorce  dog,  or  wild  beast,  whose  799.  Erepiunu    Thia  alludes  to  kis  tnisty 

tusks  take  so  fast  hold  of  the  prey,  that  sword,  which  he  forgot  to  take  wiUi  hia 

there  is  no  disengaging  them.     Lenio :  in  when  he  mounted  his  chariot  at  th«  begin- 

the  sense  of  ienaee,  Dieeludere :  in  the  sense  ning  of  the  fight.    It  was  taken,  or  ent^ed 

of  tolvere.  fxoia  him,  by  his  fofgetfuhiess. 

783.  Aeer :  in  the  sense  of  ardent,  iEneas  800.  Infleciere :  in  the  sense  of  moter». 
is  to  be  supplied.  Edat:  consume— waste  awaj.  Rusussaji. 

785.  Daunia  Dea :  Jutuma,  the  sister  of  angat.  Et.  The  et  hero  connectB,  and  cos- 
Turnus,  and  daughter  of  Daunu»:  hence  tinues  the  prccedmg  negative.  Theiwrii 
the  adj.  Daunia.     See  139,  supra,  ei  teq.  to  be  repeated  afVer  the  etf  or  the  e/  is  to 

786.  Quod:  in  the  sense  of  hoe.  It  is  be  taken  in  the  sense  of  nee.  This  last  is 
governed  by  indignaia :  indignant — angry.  the  opinion  of  Valpy.    Hejne  obserres,  tht 

788.  Refecii :  in  the  senso  of  reparaii  vel  nee  is  to  be  repeated.  J^egettiva  nec  rept' 
animati.  ienda  esl^  says  he.     Curee  :  trouhles.    SoUd' 

789.  Arduus :  in  the  sense  of  elatus.  tudines^  says  Rueua. 

790.  Conird :  against  each  other — ^face  804.  Aceeixdere  beUum:  to  kindJe  hoirid 
each  other.  Anheli :  Ruseus  refers  it  to  war.  Seo  i£n.  vii.  323 ;  where  Juno  raisei 
Turnus  ond  ^neas.  Hoyne  connects  it  Aleclo  from  the  infernal  regions^  who  broke 
with  Mariis;  and  it  is  a  very  appropriate  the  league  which  Latinus  had  made  with 
epilhet  of  a  fight,  lilte  the  present.    The  JEneas,  and  kindled  the  war. 

sense  is  the  same  in  eitlier  construction.  805.  Deformare  :  to  afilict— trouble— -^ 

794. /lu/igf/em.  /fW^eiis,properIy,adei-  grace.    Davidson  says,  ^diahonor.'"   Hejai 

fied  horo — a  demi-god.     Such  an  one  was  thinks  reference  is  here  made  to  tbe  deatk 

JEnoas  afler  his  death.  of  Amata,  who  hung  herself.    Disgraes  ia4 

796.  Hieres:  in  the  senM  of  manes.  ignominyalwaysattendauicide.   Hymermu 

797.  Divum :  this  is  said  by  anticipation.  the  match  of  I^vinia  and  yr^t^f.  JHticcff 
jEneas  was  not  yet  a  god.     Or  divum  may  in  the  sense  of  turbaie, 

be  m  the  sense  of  divinum;  and  then  it  will        806.  Orsus:  in  the  miim  of  iacutm  t^ 
fBfer  to  the  origin  of  iEneaa ;  who,  on  the    Of  the  verb  ondtor* 


jRTihiB.  UB.  xa 

L  (iibmimo  contri  Satumift  vultu : 
dem  (luia  nota  mihi  tua,  matfne,  voluntaa, 
,  et  Turaum  et  terras  invita  reli<iui. 
me  aeriA  soUm  nunc  aede  videreB  610 

ndigiia  pBti ;  *ed  flammiB  ciiicla  sub  ipai 
acie,  traheremque  inimica  in  pnelia  Teucroa 
im  mioero,  laieor,  auccurrere  fratri 
)t  pro  vili  majora  audere  probsvi : 
tela  lamen,  non  ut  contendcret  arcum. 
Slytfii  caput  impUcHbile  fontia, 
|icrHtitio  lupeHa  qus  reddita  Uivis. 
;  cedo  equidem,  pugnaaque  exosa  relinquo. 
,  iiultft  fati  quod  lege  tenetur, 
tio  oltte«itor,  pro  majestate  tuorum  : 
m  connubiis  pacem  felicibus,  eato, 
iiem ;  ciim  jam  leges  et  roedera  jungent : 
19  iiidi)i;eiiB8  nomen  mutare  Lolinos, 
'oan  fieri  jubeas,  Teucrosque  vocari ; 
^in  niutare  viroa,  aul  vertere  vostes. 
iuin  ;  aint  Albani  per  sacula  regea  : 
naiia  poteni  Itali  virlute  propago  : 
.  occideritque  sinaB  cum  nomiiie  Trojt. 
mbridens  fiomiuum  rerumque  repertor: 
nana  Jovis,  Satumique  alten  prolee, 
tantos  volvia  aub  pectore  fluctua  1 
age,  el  inceptum  fruatri  ■ubmitte  furorem  : 


80B.  O  najrne  Jupi-  ' 
ter,    qui*    quidam    iila 
luK  Toluotu  i4t  niita 


833.  No  jubeu  Lati- 
M  Indifcnu  mutars 
B25.    Sit   Lalinm    tN 


tlSS.  Trojs  ooridit,  tu 
qu*  linu  ut 

8X.  JU .-  At,  «t  icaf 


HOTES. 


I  tlie  Min  of  IriiK. 
b  reipMiA/,  omma  oUui  of  Iba  like 
■  ondBntMid. 

Vie  IH  WM*  .*  ioiao  worda  appMr 
jbBretoniBketlMMnM  eomplata: 
«,  jon  wouUi  «ol,  fte.  If  I  bad  not 
M  to  be  yow  will,  jeu  voald  not 


■tprMiton.  Th»  Impert  tf  whirh  b, 
r  frtrf  Ihinf.  ■vui  Ihs  gremusn  m- 
i)  indifnltb*" 

lntinita.     Ruan*  My*.  odcrria. 
SlKti /«ntii :  St/ 1,  t  fidiulou*  rJTer 
Tb*  gndi  war'       ~*  to  ■«ou'  bj 
I  If  'ii«j  aiM»'  Ihoy  wgr* 

bi  lU»  thdi-  •  l>i[it'th  of 


in  Uia  MDM  of  iala  val  /atla.  Olhen  taka 
il  to  implf ,  impoaad  or  reUiiBlcd  upon  Iha 
ndi  iboTe,  bj  thc  iDfWmai  gada :  u  if  thii 
fur,  or  droad  of  iWMring  hj  8tji,  made 
the  godB  iiboTB  ■abjcct,  in  their  tum,  to  tlia 
idi  belaw,  u  mneli  u  IhoM  Ikller  ere  to 

819.  TWhtr.-  withheld— prahibltcd. 
830.  Tuonan.    The  Lslin  liingi  derJTed 
Iheir  deacont  from  SUum,  the  brolher  of 

88Z.  CnnpMoil :  in  the  leDM  of  rsiuK- 
Ititnt. 

80.  fnd^ennr.-  natiTea— IhoM  bom  in 
Iha  countij. 


foctm!  langiiiLte.  Themraninfb: 
ao  no(  order  the  man  to  chengo  their  iu^ 
gMge,  or  their  droM. 


AnNi 


Mit: 
of  Jluw 

,1  ffif  ll 


tB7.  AoMana  proiiag»  til :  let  Ihe  RaniMl 
oll^priiiK  be  poweriui,  bj  ItsIUn  Telor:  i.  a. 
lat  all  Im  futuie  Elorj  end  graiideur  of  thr 
Romaoa  Iie  gralUd  on  the  v>lor  of  Iha 
Ijaliiu,    Prvpagt :  in  Ihc  mhm  of  pnla. 

8>9.  A^ptrter .-  in  tbe  muu  of  awjar  t*I 

la  Jwni :  Rubu*  and  Mma 
n  Ibo  ^aM  of  tL    Hejne 

faMt!    wbj  doat  thon  roll  euob 


fioo  P-  vmoiLn  marontb 

833.  VictiisqQe    hiit  Do,  guod  yis ;  et  me,  victtmque  Yolensque,  remitto 
V^i^  Sennonem  Au^onii  patrium  moresque  tenebunt : 

835.  Corpore  Laiwi  Utque  est,  nomen  erit :  commfzti  corpore  tantdm  696 
V^ip^  Subsident  Teucri :  morem  rilusque  B&cronim 

Adjiciam  :  fiiciamque  omnes  uno  ore  Latinos. 

838.  Videlmi    genus  Hinc  genus ,  Ausonio  muctum  quod  sanguine  8ui|^, 
Ttum  hinc  Supra  bomines,  supra  ire  Deos  pietate  Tidebis. 

Nec  gens  uUa  tuos  aequ^  celebrabit  honores.  840 

Annuit  his  Juno,  et  mentem  letata  retorsit 
Interei  excedit  ccelo,  nubemque  reliquit. 
843.  Genitor  Dmnm      His  actis,  aliud  genitor  secum  ipse  volutat 

'P**  Jutumamque  parat  fratris  dimittere  ab  armis 

845.  Dicnntur  etn  ge-  Dicuntur  gemins  pestes,  cognomine  Dirte  ;  846 

'"^  Quas,  et  Tartaream  Nox  intempesta  Megaeram, 

Uno  eodemque  tulit  partu  ;  paribusque  revinxit 
Serpentum  spiris,  ventosasque  addidit  alas. 
Hs  Jovis  ad  soiium,  SKvique  in  limine  regis 
Apparent,  acuuntque  metum  mortalibus  asgris ,  880 

851.  Morbuiqoe  Ae-  Si  quaudo  letum  horrificum  morb')sque  Deihn  rex 

minibu»  Molitur,  meritas  aut  bello  territat  urbes. 

Harum  unam  celerem  demisit  ab  aethere  summo 
Jupiter,  inque  omen  Jutumie  occurrere  jussit. 
Illa  volat,  celerique  ad  terram  turbine  fertur,     '         8Sft 
Non  secus,  ac  nervo  per  nubem  impulsa  sagitta  ; 
Armatam  saevi  Parthus  quam  felle  veneni, 

NOTES. 

833.  RcfAitto  me:  \  surrender  mysel^I  npon  guilty  mto.  Cognomvne  :  in  the  fen« 
give  myself  up  to  your  entre&tiei  and  your    of  nomine. 

tcani.  846.  JVbx  xnitmpttta :  de&d,  inective  U|^ 

834.  Sermfmem :  in  the  Bense  of  linguam,  unseasonable  for  buBine9&,  and  when  tben 

836.  Snbtident :  shall  settle  in  Latium.  is  nothing  stirring.  Rueus  s&ya,  ^r^un^ 
Valpy  Bays,  **  shall  take  the  lower  places.*'  nox. 

Hcyne  says,  injimum  loeum  occupent»    Mo^  848.  Venlota*  alat:  wings  of  the  wind— 

rem  ritxuque :  in  the  sense  of  modot  ceremo-  swifl  as  the  wind. 

niasque  religionit.     This  alludes  to  the  in-  849.  SoBoi  regit,    Scevtu  is  not  the  habitoal 

troduction  of  the  worship  of  the  Penatet  character  of  Jove,     It  Is  only  wh&t  he  a» 

&nd  of  yesta  iiito  Italy,  by  iEneas.     Heyne  Bumes,  at  timea.     The  me&ning  is:  tphenkt 

takes  sacrorum  in  the  sense  of  religionit.  it  in  wrath. 

837.  Uno  ore:  of  one  language.  The  850.  Apparent:  they  &ppe&r.  Theyfirs 
prep.  ^  is  understood.  I  will  cause  both  their  attendance,  as  the  ministers  of  hii 
pations  to  be  incorporated  under  the  gene*  will.  Acuunt :  in  the  sense  of  exeitaU, 
ral  naino  of  Latins,  and  to  use  one  and  the  ^grit.     Rusus  s&ys,  miterit, 

%a.me  language.  852.    Meritat :    deserving,    or    meritiof 

839.  Ire  supra  Deot.  This  is  a  most  ez-  punishment — guilty.  Molitur:  intheseDft 
travagant  compliment  to  the  Cesars,  from     of  parat. 

the  mouth  of  Jove.     Rusbus  says,  tuperare        854.  /n  omen:  for  an  omen,  or  porteotom 

Deos^  in  which  Heyne  agrees.      Davidson  eign.     Quati  portentum^  says  Ruasus. 
Rays,  ^^exalted  above  gods."  856.  Impulta:  in  tho  sense  of  muM.    Ett 

840.  J^ec  ulla  gent.  Juno  was  highly  is  understood.  Jfonteeutae:  no  othorwist 
honorcd   among  the   Romans,  particularly  than — ^just  so  a»— just  &s. 

by  tho  womcn.     A  magnificent  temple  was  857.  Felle  tCBvi  veneni  :  with  the  esseoM 

built  to  hci  upon  mount  Aventinus,  in  which  of  strong  poison.     Valpy  saya^  ^«  with  bitto 

Scipio  deposited  her  statue  that  he  brought  poison.'^      Davidson    renders    the    wordi, 

from  Carthage.  "  with  the  quintessence   of  malignant  poi- 

841.  Retortit:  in  the  scnse  of  convertit,  son.*'  Armatam  :  imbued — impregnated 
Ilcyne  says,  tnflexit  vel  mutavit.  — tinged.      It   waa    usuaJ    with    b&rbaroos 

845.   Dirct,     The   furies   were   three   in  nations  to  dip  the  point  of  tbeir  arrow",  ani 

nnmber,   TUiphone^    Megctra^    and    Alecto,  other  missivc  weapons,  into  poison,  m  orda 

Two  of  them  stand  before   the  throne   of  to   render  their   wounds    incunible.     Tii« 

/ove,  to  be  the  ministers  of  his  vengeance  Parthians  were   celebr&ted    &rc]iers      Tbt 


iENEIS.    LIB   Xn  801 

Puihus  nve  Cydon,  telum  inimedicabile  tonit ;  .  858.  Parthci,  inqmm* 

Slridens,  et  ccleres  incognita  transilit  umbras,  "^®  ^7^^  .V^j  ''^" 

Talis  ae  oata  Nocte  tulit,  terrasque  petivit.  860  j^  XTirid^ 

Postquam  acies  videt  Iliacas,  atque  agmina  Tumi, 
Alitis  in  parvs  subitd  coliecta  figuram,  .   862.  lUa  eolJecu  mt 

Quae  quondam  in  bustis,  aut  oulminibus  desertis  ^ 

Nocte  sedens,  scriim  canit  importuna  per  umbras  : 

Ilanc  versa  in  faciem,  Tumi  se  pestis  ad  ora  866     865.  DirapMtuvma 

Fertque  rcfertque  sonans,  clypeumque  everberat  alis.        "^ 
Illi  membra  novus  soifit  formidine  torpor : 

Arrectsque  horrore  comte,  et  vox  faucibus  haesit  868.  Coma  nmi 

At,  procul  ut  DirsD  stridorem  agnovit  et  alas, 

Intelix  crines  scindit  Juturna  solutos,  870  ^  870.  Ut  Jutaniaiafe- 

Unguibus  ora  soror  focdans,  et  pectora  pugnis.  "*  ^^^  '^^*  P~""* 

Quid  nunc  te  tua,  Tume,  potest  germana  juvare  ?  agnovi 

Aut  quid  jam  miser®  superat  mihi  ?  qu&  tibi  lucem 
Arte  morer  ?  talin*  possum  me  opponere  monstro  ? 
Jam  jam  linquo  acios.     Ne  me  terrete  timentem,      875 
Obscoense  volucrcs :  alarum  verbera  nosco,  876.  O  ww,  obMom» 

Letalemque  sonum  :  nec  fallunt  jussa  superba  volocrei 

Magnanimi  Jovis.     H(ec  pro  virginitate  reponit  *  878.  Reponit-nc  bae 

Qud  vitam  dedit  aeternam  ?  cur  mortis  adempta  eat  "^*^*     P'®     virginiUU 

Conditio  ?  Possem  tantos  finire  dolores  880  *^'^ 

Nunc  certe,  et  misero  fratri  comes  ire  per  umbras* 

Immortalis  ego  l     Aut  quicquam  milii  dulce  meorum  $83.  QDioqamm  imo- 

Fe  sine,  frater,  erit !     O  quae  satis  alta  dehiscat  rum  banorum  erit  dalo* 

N0TE8. 

mord  Parthtu^  hj  the  repetition  of  it,  ie  874.  Morer:  can  1  prolong.    Lveem:  m 

onde  emphatic.     «  the  sonse  of  tfiiam. 

858.  ImmedicahxU:  inflicting  an  incurable  875.  Jam^tam,  kc,    This  ii  in  imitation 
wound.     Cydon:  an  inhabitant  of  tlio  citj  of  flomer,  who  makcf  Apollo  quit  the  field 
Cydon,  or  Cydonia,  in  Creto,  founded  bj  a  juit  before  Hector  is  slain  by  Achtlles. — 
eolony  from  Samos.     HodUy  Canea.    The  ^cia:  the  fight— tlie  ficld  of  battle. 
C>etans  were  celebrated  archers.  876.  ObteiBna:  inauspicious— of  illomen. 

859.  TramilU :    in  the  sense  of  /roiu-  Verbera  :    the   strokcs — flapping   of  your 
nurii.  wings. 

860.  Saia :  in  the  sense  of  nata  vel  JUia,  878.  Hae  reponit.     Jovo  had  an  ainonr 

862.  Parvtt  alitii:  of  a  small  bird:  small  with  Jutuma;  and  aa  a  reward  for  her  yio- 
in  comparison  with  the  size  of  the  goddess.  lated  virginity,  he  confcrred  upon  her  im- 
Suhii^.      This  is  the  common   reading. —  mortality.     SecTerse  HlfSUpra.     Repanit 
Heyne  has  subitam.     CoUecta:  in  the  sense  in  the  sense  of  reddit  vel  dat.    Superoa :  in 
of  eontracta.  the  sense  of  MEra  vel  dura. 

863.  Busti» :  in  the  sense  olT  teptUeri».  879.  Adempta  ett :  takcn  away  from  me. 

864.  Importuna:  in  ihe  sense  ofinfausta.  Qud:  why — for  what  purpose.  Scnecopiea 
The  bird  here  meant  is  the  owl,  which  is  have  eur, 

the  only  fowl  that  sings  in  the  nighU     Se-        880.  Pouem:  I  wish  I  could — O !  that  I 
' —  late — ^in  referonce  to  the  time  of  hor    could  cnd^  &c. 


aiiiging.  881.  Certi:  at  least— eurel  v. 

866.  Pejtis  fertque :  the  fury  flics  forward  882.  Immortalu:  This  is  the  reading  of 
and  backwaras  bcf  »re  the  face  of  Tumus,  Hc^ne.  Valpy  and  Rubus  read  mitrtatit, 
■crearoing  horribly.  Fertque  refertque  »e:  This  will  make  a  diflcrcnco  in  the  HCiine.  ll 
ihe  advances  and  retreats.  will  strip  the  words  of  aiiy  fzprefuiifm  of 

867.  Aoruf ;  unusual — now.  Solvit:  in  strong  passion  on  the  part  of  Juturna.  ]| 
che  eense  of  debilital.  impIicN  that  if  she  wero  murlal,  she  wouUI 

869.  Stridorem  et  ala» :   in  the  sense  of  accompany  her  brother  to  the  nhade^  tic.ow. 

tiridorem  alarum :  tho  noise,  or  whizzing  of  Aut :  Valpy  and  Rua^utt  rt-ad  hnud.    (I  jyiic 

FH!r  wings.  rcads  aut^  with  an   intcrrn^ation.     Ruotiii 

871.  Fcrdan»:  tearing  her  face,  &r«  and  Valpy  read  without  any. 

•72    QtMidr  Rueus  says,  ^uomiNie.  88J.  SaiUaUa:  MifVc\fti\\.W  ti^a«^ 


ABin  sequi,  ciiaaumqne  cara  le  eonaerB  lerr 
894.  □!.  JWnw  qui*.  uib,  caput  quaeuiu  !  Noo  tne  tua  ftrnda  ten 

Nec  plun  effiitus;  suuin  dicniiiqndt  ingi 

Saxum  antiqnum,  ingens,  campo  quod  fortA^ 

Limea  agro  positui,  $tem  ut  ducerneret  ams 

8M.  Vi»  bi.  ni  Iflcii  vix  illud  lecti  bifl  sex  wirnce  aubirent, 

Jjl^JI^   ■ubirent  illud  q^^ij^  ^^^^  hominum  producit  corpora  tellui 

901.  lUe  har»,  I&mr-  1"^  manu  raptum  trepidft  torquebat  in  hosteB 

pni  UUor,  et  concitui  Altior  iuBurgena,  et  cureu  concilus  hcroa. 

curau  torqnebat  iltud      Sed  neque  currentem  ee,  nec  cognoKit  eunte 

ToUentemve  manu,  saxumque  immane  moveti 

Genua  labant:  gelidus  concreTit  frigote  sang 

Tum  lapis  ipse  viri,  T&cuum  per  in&ne  Tolutui 

B07.  NM«Tuittotnm  ^^  apatium  evasit  totum,  nec  perttilit  ictum. 

qMlinm  Tiii.  naa  ^^  ^gjyj  j^  gQtntUB,  ooulos  ubi  knguida  pren 

Nocte  quies,  nequicquam  aTidos  extendera  ci 


8S4.  Dtmillal :  Hnd  ma  b  goddm,  C:e.  thei  hara  do  olher  weKpons. 

RuBaHi>Ti,(lftruifc(,   ^rbamm:  muiju  hii^rusW  iword,  bnt  there  L 

■  tree — tikei.troe.  mada  of  It.     JoTe  pTeTSAt*  I 

990.  Cerlandum  til:  Ihe  conteit  ie  to  be  «>b  o^  it 
ilocidDd  in  cloie  fightiDotatrunninf.  Saaii:        903.  Sed nigvt  cegnateH  tt : 

in  tlia  ■'>nie  of  durtt.  in  hi>  lensBi,  thit  he  doee  not 

89 1.  Faciti :  in  the  •enee  otfimuu.   Con-  lelf  to  be  mnning.  &c     1%e 

Irahe  ;  in  the  utiie  of  toUige.  prived  him  nol  onl;  orfaii  etre 

S92.  Opla:   deBire — wlch  to  tscend  to,  but  of  Ihe  powera  of  hia  n 

Scqui !  lo  the  Mnse  of  asetndm.  wys,  indr.l  lalitaM  nrei  libi  dtti 

894.  FWridai  in  ths  Hnie  of  lupn-ia.  905.  Concrml:   htth  congi 

S9R.  Liaiti   agra !   placed  u   %  limit  or  thick.  Frigi>rt:  mBj  tneui  tlw 

bonnduy  to  the  lenil.    DiMeemtril:  that  it  ■temition,  occuiDneil  bjthefl 

might  tenninate  (prcTont)   diiputea  abont  Thii  nppeuB  bettsr  than  to  tak 

the  fieldi.    DaTidion  ■aji,  "to  distinguiah  chillneie.    Thal  idek i«  ezpraM 


tho  contrnTerted  bnunda  of  the  fietdt.'^  906.  Per 

899.  Bii  icxleeli.icc.    Here  thepoet  hsd     the  emptT  air.     Inant 
two  pabsage*  of  Homer  in   hia  eje;   lliad     airem.     riri.     Serviua 


JSNEIS.    Lfll.  XH  '(gOH 

VeDe  videmur,  et  in  medna  conatibns  a^ri  910 

thiccidiinns :  non  lingua  valet,  non  corpore  not» 

Bufficiunt  vires,  nec  tok  nec  verba  sequunturr 

8ic  Tumo,  qu&cunqne  yiam  virtute  petivit, 

Buccessum  Dea  Dira  negat.    Tum  pectore  Benmis 

Vertuntur  varii.     Rutulos  aspectat  et  urbem ;  916 

Conctaturque  flMtu ;  tehimque  instare  tremisctt 

Nec,  qud  se  eripiat,  nec  qulL  vi  tendat  in  hostem,  91T.  Nec  vldet  qno 

Nec  currus  usquam,  videt,  aurigamque  sororem.  *'oi?  twm  «fa  Mftia. 

Cunctanti  telum  JEneas  fetate  coruscat,  l^^       ^^  **  ®^"^ 

Sortitus  fortunam  ocuKs ;  et  corpore  toto  9i0 

EminikB  intorquet.     Murafi  concita  nunquam 
Tormento  sic  saxa  fremunt,  nec  fiihnine  tanti 
Dissultant  crepttus.     Vohit  atri  tuibinis  ifittat 
Exitium  dirum  hasta  ferens ;  orasque  recludit 
LoricsB,  et  clypei  eztremoe  septemplicis  orbes :  925 

tmt  medium  slridens  transit  femui*.     Inoidit  iotiis 
Ingens  ad  terram  dupticato  popiite  Tumus. 

Consurgimt  gemitu  Rututi,  totusque  remugit 
Mons  circum,  et  vocem  latd  nemora  alta  remittunt 
nie  hiunitis  suppiexque  oculos,  dextramque  precaiitem, 

Protendens,  Equidem  merui,  nec  deprecor,  inquit :     931     ^^'    ^^    dopitoat 
Utere  sorte  tu&.     Miseri  te  si  qua  parentis  9^  gl  ^^  ^^  m^ 

Tangere  cura  potest,  oro,  f  fuit  et  tibi  tatis  ■eri  parentiB 

Anchises  genitor)  Dauni  miserere  sMiectie ;  933.  Oro  «i  iu  mise- 

Et  me,  scu  oorpus  spoliatum  lumine  mavis,  936  '•"^    «     jj  ^ 

Reddemms.    Vicisti :  et  victttm  tendere  pftbiai  «SS.w.?^^'^ 

Ausonu  vid^re  :  tua  est  Lavmia  con|ux.  In   naTis,  ndie  wmm 

Ulteriiks  ne  tende  odiis.    Stetit  acer  m  armis  oorpns 

NOTES. 

# 

ffmoM  OD  which  we  aro  Sntent,  and  oagor  in  mightjr  poahi  bnnt  from  tho  thiwdor.    CVo- 

tlio  parsait.  pitut :  properlj  a  roaring  or  crmahing.    Dti» 

910.  JEgri :  weak— faint  from  Oar  sreat  nUtani :  in  the  sense  oteduniur  vel  exctla»- 
esertions.  Sueeidimut ;  in  the  senee  otd^  tur,  Inttar :  like  a  black  whirlwind— ow^ 
eimu»,  as  a  whirlwind. 

911.  J^otm:  in  the  senee  of  toli/ie.  Con^'  924.  Reeludit:  opens  or  ponetrates  tho 
pore :  in  the  sense  of  eorpori,  the  dat.  eztremity  of  hie  coat  of  mail.     Ora :  tho 

913.    ^ttactmque  virtute:   by   whatever  edge  or  border  of  anj  thing.    ExUium:\n 

(efforts  of )  Talor  he  Boaght  the  waj  of  at-  the  eense  of  nwrtem. 

tftcluDg^iEiieas,  or  of  making  hie  escape.  9S5.  Extremo»  orbes :  hy  thia  we  are  to 

9\4,Sefmu:  thoaghla.  Fer/imfiir.*  in  the  onderstand  the  lower  parl  of  the  ahield. 

tfonse  of  volvuntur,  SattempHei» :  haviag  aeven  folda  ot  platee 

916.  Cunetatur:  he  heeitatee— -he  knowi  of  braas. 

not  what  to  do — he  it  at  a  stand.  920.  Tetui :  i&  the  ■ense  of  percumu^  vol 

917.  Tendat :  in  the  senee  of  irtUat,  vulneratu», 

919.  Coruteai :  in  the  00080  of  vibrai,  9t7.  DupHeatt  pepUit :  apon  his  bended 

9S0.  SortUu»  fortunam  oeulis :  Servias  ez-  kneo.    Heyne  says,  inAtxo  genu, 

ploins  these  words  thos:  JEnea»  oeuH»  ele»  929.  Remittunt:  octio— retnm  the  iound 

i^  hune  loeum  ad  /eriendum^  quemfbrtvna  Foeem:  in  the  sense  of  eonum, 

dtetinaveratvulneri,  FWtunam  in  thissense,  931.  Depreeor:  nor  do  I  entreal  that  yoO 

bi  of  the  same  iraport  with  loeum  mdneri»,  shoald  spare  me. 

Heyne  is  of  tho  same  opinion.  Roeas  sajrs,  932.  Sorte:  in  the  sense  otfoHwM,    Mx* 

9pportHmtatem,  »eri:  in  tho  sense  of  inftHei», 

921.  MureUi  tormento:  this  was  an  enffino,  935.  Redde  me  mett,  «c.  Tamas  conftoses 

or  maohine  for  battering  tho  waHs  of  eities,  himself  vanquished ;   and  entreats  iEn«Bo 

end  fer  tl^wincr  misstvo  woapono.  Ceneiia:  to  send  him  back  to  his  father  and  fKondi) 

tbrown,  or  «ont,   '  Irat  if  ho  ehooeo  rather  (mavi»)  to  depriTO 

•23.  AW  ia»U%  crepiiu» :    Dor  do  Moh  him  of  lifo»  ia  that  oaoo»  that  ho  woold  0011^ 


m 


?.  VlAGILn  MAKONIS 


iEneas,  yolvens  oculos,  dextramque  reprcarit. 
940.    Sermo     7Wm  £t  jam  jamque  magis  cunctantem  flectere  senno 
ooBpcrmt  flectere  wEneam  Coeperat ;  infeliz  humero  ciim  apparuit  alto 
eunountem  Balteus,  et  notis  fulserunt  cingula  bullis, 

Pallantis  pueri ;  victum  quem  vulnere  Tumns 
Straverat,  atque  humeris  inimicum  insigne  gerebai 
Hlo,  oculis  postquam  so^vi  momimenta  dtk>ris,  M 

Exuviasque  hausit,  funis  accensus  et  irk 
947.  Aii:  Tu-ne  in*  Terribilis  :  Tu-ne  hinc  spoliis,  indute,  meorum 
dnte     epoUis    meonun  Eripiare  mihi  ?  Pallas  te  hoc  vulnere,  Pallaa 
•"**'*''^*"*  Immolat,  ct  poenam  scelerato  ex  sanguine  sumit 

Hoc  dicens,  ferrum  adverso  sub  pectore  condit         tt 
Fervidus  .  ast  illi  solvuntur  frigore  membra, 
•Yitaque  cum  gemitu  fugit  indignata  sub  umbraa. 

NOTES. 

hie  dead  body  to   them^  that  it  might  be        947.  Jniuie:  Toe.  agreeing  whh  fihfil 
treated  according  to  the  rites  of  hia  country.    the  verb  uidtio ;  dad.      Meonm:  oif  i 

940.  FUctere :   to  tum    or  change  him.    friendi :  namely,  Pallas. 

Ruvua  says,  eommovere.  948.  Eiytiare :  the  passive  u  hera  n 

941.  Infelix:  inauRpiciou»— vnfortmiate.  jn  ^he  senae  of  the  midcUe  voice  of  t 
IX  had  proved  so  to  Pallas,  whom  Tumus  Greeks:  canst  thou  rescue  thyself  &omi 
■lew :  it  now  proves  so  to  Tumus,  who  in  hands  ^ 

turn  U  .Uin  bj  Mne^.    Mo  :  thi.  i.  the  g'  s,eUralo:  devoted.      Ram.  m 

mdmK  of  Heyne  and  Dav.d.on.    Rubu.  j^  ^.«nee  to  hi.  h«T>i«  du  ll 

MSl™iT'rltJrT^^^^^^^^  -'»^-  «Prifice.,o»t„th.goi:b,.o^ 

last  is  tho  best,    BuUi* :  studs  or  bosses.  ^51.    Fervidut:  m  the  sense  of  mii 

RuflBUs  says,  elavit.  ^^'»  •  >"  ^»®  ■«"■«  °'  *^^*^'     Fri^ore :  W 

943.  Puen  :  in  the  sense  oT  juvenit.  *^^«  chill  of  death. 

944.  Insifrne:  m  \he  sense  of  omamentum.  952.  Indignata  cum  geniittu     Heynetal 

945.  Hausit  ondis :  he  saw.  Savi  doloris:  this  in  the  scnse  siraply  of  gcmens  vel  s 
the  death  of  Pallas  causcd  excessive  grief  rens. 

to  iEneas ;  and  from  the  moment  that   he         Mr.  Davidson  observes,  the  coDcIusioa 

heard  of  his  fall,  he  vowed  vengeance  on  this  beautiful  poem  is  unworthy  of  thed 

Turnus.      The   sight  of    theso    memorials,  nity  of  the  subject.     And  if  Virgil  had  Bi 

these  spoils,  of  his  friend,  rouscd  him  into  to  finish  it  to  his  mind,  he   would,  in 

fury.     He  had   otherwiso,  perhaps,  spnred  prohability,  have   given  it  a  more  elegi 

his  suppliant.  Hausit :  in  the  scnse  of  vidit.  termination. 

QUESTIONS. 

What  is   tho  condition  of  the  troops  of  Did  Lavinia  hear  this  conversation  of  .^ 

Tumus  at  the  opening  of  this  book  ?  mother  with  Tumus  ? 

What  resolution  does  he  take  m  conse-  What  cfFect  had  it  upon  her  ^ 

qucnce  of  that  ?  Did  Turnus  behold  this  blush  upoa  i 

Does  Latinus  endeavor  to  dissuade  him  chcek  ? 

from  the  comhat  ?  Did  he  consider  it  indicitive  of  her  !ei 

What  is  thc  character  of  his  address  to  What  cffect  had  it  upon  tlie  hero? 

him  ?  What  resolution  did  he  instantJy  take. 

What  effect  had  it  upon  Turnus  ?  Whom  did  he  seud  to  acquaint  £jieu 

Docs   he   rcfase  to  give   up   Lavinia  to  that  resolution  ? 

if^noas  ?  When   was  the    time  appointed  fjr  t 

What   is  tho   character  of  tlie  reply  of  combat.'*                                       , 

Tumus  ?  What  did  Tumus  in  the  mean  time  ? 

Is  it  c!ara2teristic  of  tho  soldi^r  and  the  What  preparations  wcrc  made  upoa 

patriot  i*  field  .** 

Did  the  queen  also,  cndeavor  to  dissuade  For  what  purpose  do  they  erect  altani 

him  ?  Who  were  the  parties  to  this  lea^ue? 

Whdt    argumon  .s   did  she  use  for  that  What  did  Juno  do  to  prevent  ite  exa 

purposo '  tLou  ? 


iENEIS.    LIB.  m 


A05 


To  what  pUce  doei  Juturna  ropair  ? 

Whose  form  does  the  assume  ? 

What  18  her  object  in  repairing  to  the  fic  \d 
of  battle  ? 

What  effbctually  roueed  the  Rutulians  io 
mrmaf 

What  waa  that  prodigj  or  omen  ? 

Who  was  the  first  to  obeerve  it? 

How  did  ToiumniuB  interpret  it  ? 

Who  was  this  Tolumniue  ?    What  efiect 
had  this  upon  the  minds  of  the  Italians  ? 

Who  cast  the  first  jaFelin  ?     Whoid  did 
it  kill  ? 

What  immediately  followed  ? 

What  became  of  Latinus  ? 

What  did  iEneas  upon  this  emergency  ? 

Was  he  wounded  ?    Is  it  known  hy  whom 
that  wound  was  mflicted  ? 

What  efFect  had  this  upon  the  Trojans  ? 

At  this.juncture,  what  course  did  Tumus 
take? 

What  feats  of  Talor  does  the  hero  perform  ? 

Who  were  among  the  first  that  Iie  kiJed? 

What  became  of  JEneas  ? 

Who  attempted  to  extract  the  arrow  ? 

Who  was  this  lapis  ? 

By  whom  is  it  said,  he  was  instnicted  in 
the  bealing  art  ? 

Was  he  able  to  effect  a  cure  ? 

By  whom  was  the  hero  finally  cured  ? 

Ivhere  did  Venue  obtaiu  the  plant? 

What  is  the  name  of  it  ? 

What  was  the  state  of  the  battle,  while 
£lieaa  was  in  his  camp  ? 

When  he  retumed  to  the  fight,  was  the 
•eale  of  Tictory  turaed  ? 

Whom  does  he  seek  to  engage  ? 

Is  he  prevented  from  meeting  with  Turaus? 

By  whom  is  he  prevented  ? 

How  did  she  accomplish  it  ? 

At  this  juncture,  what  is  the  state  of  the 
battle? 

Finding  himself  bafiled  by  Turous,  what 
reeolution  does  ^neas  take  ? 

What  did  he  do  previous  to  the  assault? 

Having  animated  his  men,  cid  they  take 
possessiou  of  the  city  ? 

Where  was  Turaus  in  the  Rieu)  time  ? 

What  eficct  had  this  upon  the  queen? 

What  bccame  of  her  ? 

Who  t>rouffht  the  news  to  Tumus  of  the 
-eapture  of  the  city,  and  the  death  of  tne 
queen  ? 


What  effect  had  it  npon  hif  inind? 

What  course  did  he  take  ? 

Upon  the  arrival  of  Turaus,  did  the  Tro*» 
jans  intitantly  desist  from  the  assault? 

How  did  the  heroes  commnnce  the  com« 
bat? 

Afler  that,  wbat  did  they  do  ? 

What  misfortune  happened  to  Turnus? 

Had  he  omitted  to  take  his  own  sword? 

By  whom  was  his  sword  made  ? 

How  did  he  save  his  life  al  that  juncture' 

Was  he  pursued  by  ^neas  ? 

Did  be  calJ  for  his  heavenly  tempered 
tword  ? 

By  whom  was  it  restored  to  him  ? 

What  favor  did  Venus  do  for  iEneasat 
the'same  time?       • 

Having  recovered  their  arms ;  do  the  he- 
roes  prepare  for  a  second  assault  ? 

At  this  moment,  whi<9i  side  did  Jove  fa- 
vor? 

What  course  did  he  pursue  ? 

Whom  did  he  send  to  the  field  of  battle  • 

What  form  did  the  fury  assume  ? 

What  does  she  do  ? 

What  effect  had  her  sound  upon  Juturna  ? 

What  did  she  instantly  do  ? 

Did  she  utter  any  tender  expressions  for 
her  brother  ? 

What  effect  had  the  fury  upon  Tumus  f 

JEnemB,  caAs  upon  Turnus  no  longer  to 
decline  the  fight;  and  what  reply  doee  he 
make  him  ? 

Does  he  express  any  signs  of  fear  for  him? 

Whom  then  does  he  fear? 

Does  Tumus  forget  that  he  has  his  trasiy 
sword  ? 

With  what  does  he  attempt  to  assauh 
MnetM  ? 

What  was  the  size  of  the  stone  ? 

Did  it  reach  his  antagonist  ? 

Whydiditnot? 

At  this  moment,  what  did  iEneas  do  ? 

Did  the  spear  wound  Turaus? 

Where  did  it  wound  him  ? 

Does  he  acknowledge  himself  conquered  ? 

Does  he  relinquish  his  claim  upon  Lavi* 
L;a? 

What  favor  does  he  ask  of  the  victor? 

Was  he  about  to  spare  his  life  also  ? 

Why  did  he  not  sparo  it  ? 

What  does  Mr.  Davidson  ob6er?e  of  th^ 
4^ding  of  this  book  ? 


PUBLn  VTBGILn  MARONIS  OPEBUM. 
FINIS. 


A  TABLE  OF  RBFERENCK 

TO  THE  NOTEa 

Tn  abbreviatioM  Ed.,  Goor^  and  J0k^  itand  for  EeUmve^  Oeorgie^  ar  d  JEndd*  TlnM^ 
BL  iv.  32,  refen  to  the  foorth  Eclogae,  and  note  upon  tEa  thirty-iecond  Une  t  and  Oeoi^ 
riL  7,  refere  to  the  third  book  of  the  (Jeorj^ce,  ana  not«  upon  the  aeyenth  line:  and  m 
gf  thoAneid. 

A. 


ABiaiyllis, 

EcLi. 

31 

Assaracqfl» 

Geor.iiL    36 

Amaxoniam,       JCn.T.  311 

40 

Albiurnum, 

146 

Amjcos, 

373 

Anrim, 

62 

Asylaa, 

146 

Atys, 

66B 

JUapluon, 

iL 

94 

Aqoarios, 

904 

Araentes  ocoloa, 

648 

JUeunedon, 

•  •• 

m. 

37 

Anyclv, 

843 

Antennv, 

e29 

Airhimedea, 

40 

Amello, 

iT.  271 

Androgei, 

tL  sd 

z« 

1 

Ambrosia, 

415 

197 

Antos, 

•  •• 

111« 

40 

AlbaLonga, 

iEn.  L      7 

Ajaz, 

470 

Altemia, 
Afltrea, 

59 

Adire, 

10 

Adrasti, 

479 

hr. 

6 

AohiUes, 

30 

Antenorides, 

483 

ApoUo, 

10 

iL542 

Aloidas, 

582 

iEn.  W» 

143 

ArgiTi, 

Ai«z, 

L    40 

At*ima«  nnibPfl. 

713 

tL 

398 

40 

AAMaaa*w    ^vaV^v^^ 

T4a 

Affoiuiat»» 

EcL  iv. 

35 

41 

Alcidee, 

801 

Alcon, 

V. 

11 

U.414 

Ancofl  Martina, 

816 

Atalanta, 

tL 

61 

Antenor, 

L  242 

AUi  ezcudent. 

847 

JUga, 

TiL 

42 

Assarad, 

284 

Aoranci, 

tU.206 

Afltnun, 

iz. 

47 

Argoe, 

284 

Ai^Ttam, 

m 

Arethoaa, 

X. 

1 

tL  838 

Amata, 

860 

Geor.  ir. 

344 

Atridas, 

L  458 

Acrisias, 

m 

JEn.  |iL 

696 

Adjtum, 

505 

Ardea, 

372 

Alpbeuf, 

EcLz. 

2 

U.  115 

Amsancti, 

586 

Geor.  iiL 

19 

L  744 

ArgyUa, 

852 

'  iEn.  iiL  696 

UL  516 

Amasanas, 

^885 

Acanippe, 
Adonis, 

EcLz. 

11 

Ades, 

U.    30 

Ades, 

885 

18 

Amens, 

314 

^mitema  cohors 

zL488 

Alpee, 

67 

Astyanacta, 

457 

tU.  710 

Acdielooe, 

Geor.  L 

9 

UL489 

AUia, 

717 

iT.37« 

Ariete, 

U.492 

Aasones, 

m 

Arifltsns, 

L 

14 

Antandros, 

UL      6 

Adides, 

790 

iT. 

317 

Arcitenens, 

75 

AbeUa, 

740 

Araehne, 

L 

18 

Actia  litora. 

280 

Angiti», 

768 

iT. 

247 

Andromache, 

294 

Arida, 

782 

Arctaroe, 

• 

1. 

68 

297 

Asjlam  rettaUt, 

TiB.94S 

Atlantiadee 

138 

482 

AigUetam, 

345 

Arcton, 

138 

Anspiciis, 

374 

AgjlliiuB, 

«78 

246 

Achemenides, 

606 

Anser, 

8S6 

Ariadne, 

222 

607 

Andle, 

664 

iEn.  Ti. 

28 

690 

ActiabeUa, 

871 

AiMfaii, 

Geor.  L 

244 

Airrigas, 

703 

875 

Aurora, 

249 

Aio, 

iT.  121 

878 

JEn.  iT. 

585 

Ammone, 

198 

Agrippa, 

882 

Ti. 

535 

Atlantis  dori. 

247 

Antonios, 

886 

Aflius, 

Geor.  i. 

383 

C^eor.L  138 

714 

Aconita, 

■  ■ 

u. 

152 

AuUde, 

^.n.  iT.  426 

Araxes, 

788 

ATemus, 

161 

Arma, 

T.     15 

Annait  id. 

iz.  184 

JEn.  iU. 

442 

tL  353 

Arisba, 

864 

iT. 

512 

Acestes, 

T     30 

AdTem, 

418 

Ti. 

243 

Anims» — umbrv,               80 

Albaparma, 

648 

Afsyrio, 

Geor.  ii. 

465 

Agger, 

2731 

Ascanias — ^IuIiM, 

841 

ff08 


TABLE  OF  REFERENCB. 


Aicaniiis-Iultia,  Mn, 

ix. 

643 

Cremona, 

Ed  iz. 

•  28 

Cerannia,            Sml,  ffi.  501 

Amonta, 

665 

Cvcni, 
Chaonia, 

29 

Caulonie, 

553 

Atheaim, 

680 

Geor.  j 

1.    8 

Camarina, 

701 

Apertaa  Alpea, 

X. 

13 

Chalybea, 

68 

CcBua, 

!▼.  179 

Arpi, 

28 

Corybantea, 

ISl 

Citheron, 

3U3 

Aniathuf, 

51 

Curites, 

M*k 

Cuucasua, 

965 

Atra  face. 

77 

!▼. 

150 

Conveza, 

4&I 

Anchemolum, 

389 

£n.  iiL 

111 

Chaoe  et  noz. 

510 

Amjrelae. 

664 

131 

Carcer — Meta, 

▼.  144 

Antiquua  ager  eet. 

* 
u. 

316 

CflBum, 

Geor.  L 

279 

Cavee, 

340 

Aufidus, 

405 

rylleniua. 

336 

Cestua, 

379 

Ala, 

604 

Cayetma, 

383 

Carpathium, 

595 

Aruna  debitua. 

759 

Cydopea, 

471 

Cuneoa, 

664 

793 

JRa.  iu.  569 

Consanguineo, 

77! 

806 

▼L 

630 

Chalde, 

ri.    17 

Aoiem  ferri, 

860 

•  •• 

▼lU. 

416 

Cecropido;, 

iM 

Anteirent, 

•• 

zu. 

84 

Cothoniiia, 

Geor.  a. 

9 

Castor  et  PoIIuz, 

m 

Augurium, 

257 

CUtumnus, 

146 

Cupressoa, 

216 

Apollo, 

393 

Camillus, 

169 

Chaos, 

265 

AToreoe  morti. 

464 

Capua, 

169 

Centanri, 

2M 

Athoe, 

701 

Cania, 

353 

▼iiL  293 

Apenninue, 

703 

Cynthiua, 
Cocytua, 

iiL 

36 

38 

Chimerm, 
Cortina, 

▼L  2^8 
'347 

B 

• 

Mxk,  ▼L  132 

Charon, 

38! 

Citheron, 

G^r.iiL 

43 

Ceneus, 

448 

Bacchus, 

Ecl 

.  ▼. 

69 

Chiron, 

550 

Camtllua, 

825 

Boreat, 

•  • 

51 

Coryoium, 

!▼. 

129 

Corintho, 

896 

Bruma, 

Geor.  L  Sll 

Centaurea, 

270 

Capitolia, 

8» 

Bootes, 

229 

Cui  nomen. 

270 

Cato, 

841 

Balearidea, 

309 

Canopi, 

287 

Comelius  Cuasui, 

841 

Bactra, 

138 

Clymene, 

345 

Celtiberi, 

S4I 

Benacuf, 

160 

Carpathio, 

387 

Cincinnatus, 

844 

BoairidiB, 

iiL 

5 

Charon, 

602 

Campis  aeris. 

887 

Biremis, 

£n.  T. 

119 

Carthago, 

JRn.  L 

14 

Cajeta, 

900 

Bijugo, 

144 

339 

Corythi, 

▼iL  W 

z. 

575 

!▼. 

1 

Calydona, 

306 

Butcn, 

T. 

372 

213 

Crinem  pascere. 

391 

Bcbrycia, 
Brachia, 

373 

Charybdia, 

L 

200 

Crimine, 

577 

829 

■  •  • 

m. 

420 

Ceculus, 

678 

Bellua  LemiB, 

ri. 

287 

Conyezo, 

• 

1. 

310 

Cimini, 

6i«7 

Burutus, 

818 

607 

Clausus, 

707 

BigiM, 

■  • 

▼u. 

26 

Conjuz, 

54 

Caspariam, 

714 

Bellona, 

319 

Cyprum, 

622 

Cateiaa, 

741 

Bfictra, 

1 

•  •• 

riu. 

688 

Calchaa, 

•  • 

u. 

100 

Circcum  jufirum. 

799 

Berecynthia, 

• 

IX. 

82 
619 

Caseandra, 
CreiiML, 

246 
760 

CamiUa, 

806 
808 

Betias-Pandarue, 

674 

773 

Cuspide, 

817 

BaifD, 

710 

711 

Cacus, 

TUl.   l«z 

BoreoB, 

z. 

350 

787 

W 

•  • 

zu. 

365 

Creta, 

•  •• 

lU. 

104 

Capitolium, 

347 

BusU, 

zL 

201 

Cybele, 

111 

Cocles, 

346 

UtB  sex  lecti, 

■  • 

zu. 

899 

▼L 

784 

Clcelia, 

651 

Cydadat, 

•  •  • 

lU. 

74 

Catilina, 

668 

c. 

Corytua, 

127 
170 

Catonem, 
Cloopatra, 

670 
685 

Calamo, 

Col. 

• 

1. 

10 

Corythus, 

*  •  V 

Cycladas, 

6« 

Conon, 

•  •• 

lU. 

40 

Chaonia, 

335 

Cares, 

725 

Cume, 

iv. 

4 

Circ«, 

386 

Cingere,  moenia. 

ix.  it»n 

JEn. 

▼L 

2 

▼. 

864 

Corona — adea. 

506 

Codrue, 

Ea 

▼. 

11 

Fii. 

10 

xi.  475 

Curru, 

29 

19 

xiL  744 

Ceree, 

79 

282 

Cui  Remulo, 

ix.  593 

JEn. 

iL 

714 

Claustra  Pelori,         iii. 

410 

Cithare, 

776 

iv. 

58 

412 

Capua, 

z.  145 

Cancasiu, 

EcL 

▼L 

42 

Chlamydem, 

•  •■ 

m. 

484 

Cinyra — Capa^o, 

186 

CJytemncstra, 

^.n. 

>  zi. 

266 

i^. 

137 

Cycnua, 

186 

TABLE  OP  RBFERGNCE. 


eo9 


Oometie, 

^n.  X.  272 

Dah», 

iEn.yiiL  780 

Erato, 

iEBn.TiL    87 

Gftphereufl, 

zL  260 

Bomufl  JSne», 

iz.  448 

Eztrema  t^ufl, 

225 

Ckmilla, 

498 

Dindyma, 

618 

Excusaofl, 

299 

594 

Diomede» 

z«    28 

Egeria, 

761 

780 

29 

762 

Oomoa  Oifltey 

jdL    89 

zL  243 

EvandeTy 

TiiL    51 

Ciineiy 

269 

269 

. 

180 

4sn 

276 

ix.       9 

576 

Dancia  prolefl, 

z.  891 

Euryfltheo^ 

viiL  292 

Cnpenciifly 

540 

Dranees, 

zL  122 

Electro, 

402 

Orepitus, 

928 

- 

838 

Exhausta, 

z.    57 

Qydon, 

858 

Dotalifl, 

zL  869 

Enrytion, 

499 

OoBthumns, 

EcLyiiL    10 

Dardanio  capiti, 

,                899 

Equitem, 

zL  464 

■ 

Dictanmum, 

ziL  412 

Edoni, 

*    ziL  865 

D. 

Dardanides, 

775 

Echionium, 

515 

A-r* 

Deformare  domum,           805 

m 

Bezter, 

EcLL    18 

Dirs-nFuriflB, 

845 

V^ 

Depasta  florem, 

55 

Tn 

F. 

Piana, 

iv.     10 

E. 

• 

Demophoon, 

T.     10 

Femlafl, 

EcLz.    25 

Daphms, 

20 

Echo, 

ScLIL    46 

Fkfl-^ufl, 

Geor.  L  269 

52 

Eurydice, 

iiL     46 

Fasces, 

iL  495 

Damnabifl, 

80 

Geor.  iy.  817 

Favos, 

iv.  104 

Dencalion, 

tL    41 

Epicurua, 

EcLtL    31 

Fucus, 

244 

Dnlichium, 

76 

Eurotas, 

83 

Fata  rependenfl. 

.AlL  289 

Dodona, 

Geor.  L  121 

^n.  L  498 

Feri, 

iL    51 

Die, 

208 

Erigone, 

Geor.    83 

Fuimufl  Troefl, 

825 

Dnodena  astra, 

232 

Epirus, 

59 

Fastigia, 

458 

Dii  majores,   / 
Dii  minoree,  ( 

498 

Mn.  iiL  295 

Furiifl, 

iiL  881 

Elifl, 

Geor.  L    59 

vL  672 

Decii, 

iL  169 

Eumenidefl, 

278 

Fafl, 

iv.  850 

Dacus, 

497 

iy.  488 

Fonddine,        Geor.  iiL  871 

Dicte, 

536 

JBsi.  iu.  831 

« 

^n.  ziL  750 

Dsdala, 

iv.  179 

Emathia, 

Geor.  L  492 

Favete  ore, 

V.    71 

^n.  tL     14 

Etruria, 

iL  533 

Ferimur  emenssB 

,              628 

Defrntum,         i 

Seor.  iy.  269 

Eurystheufly 

iiL      4 

Faciea  delapsa. 

722 

Danai, 

.£n.L    40 

Epidaurus, 

43 

Ferrei  thalami. 

vL  280 

Delphobi, 

810 

Eridanus, 

iv.  872 

Fasces,    \ 
Securis,  \ 

818 

567 

L  482 

▼L  495 

.^tL  668 

Fabricium, 

844 

525 

Electra, 

L    28 

Fabii, 

846 

Delofl, 

HL    75 

Equum, 

iL     15 

Fataiifl, 

vU.  114 

Dardanus, 

167 

232 

zL  238 

170 

Enixffi, 

iiL  827 

zii.  232 

TiL  240 

Enceladi, 

598 

Fata  Fhrygum, 

viL  294 

Jhdichinniy 

iii.  271 

Exhaustunii 

iT.   14 

Fumidus  anmis, 

466 

Dodonaofly 

466 

Erebus, 

510 

Ferum, 

489 

Drepani, 

707 

Eryx, 

T.     24 

Fescenninas  acies,             696 

JMdo, 

iy.      1 

411 

Faliscos, 

696 

86 

ziL  701 

Facialia  jura, 

695 

664 

ExsequiflBy 

T.     53 

Ferulos, 

714 

Doe, 

104 

Entilhifl, 

447 

Feronia, 

800 

Draco  cnstoa, 

484 

Erymantho^ 

448 

Foetus  enixa, 

viii.    44 

Dares, 

T.  447 

466 

Fluvius  comigei; 

^* 

463 

Eurytion, 

513 

Fovere  castra. 

iz.    57 

Danmati  mordSy 

tL  430 

Exsortem, 

684 

9 

Funera  tua. 

487 

Datum  tempuB, 

536 

Elysium, 

735 

Fenrugo, 

582 

Diacedam, 

545 

Eubcea, 

tL      2 

Falarica, 

705 

DeuA, 

749 

iz.  710 

Fera  GartliagO| 

z.     11 

Deciofl, 

824 

Enavit, 

tL    16 

Furtum, 

91 

Drufloflp 

824 

Eriphylen, 
Eteoclefl, 

445 

Faucefl, 

zL  61« 

Danae» 

TiL  782 

446 

Fortuna, 

761 

410 

Eyadnen, 

.      447 

Famam  inultifl, 

847 

tUi  Oommnnefl| 

▼iiL  275 

Evantefl, 

517 

FoBtum  suifl, 

ziL  170 

ziL  181 

Szercentnr  poBnia,           789 
40 

Flavofl  orinei, 

606 

61# 


TABLB  OP  RePERBNCB. 


Foreretooiem,  Auzfl.  680 
Tallfl  MTi  TeneiiL  867 


▼L    74 
Geor.  L  487 
Al  t.  828 
EcLtL    78 
X.      6 
Geor.  fi.  187 
liL    87 
468 
It.  186 
864 
867 
^L    28 
T.  262 
iL  616 
tIL  841 
iiL    86 
86 
Tii.  604 
Germinot  perenleii    iiL  180 

181 
Gela, 


OiKQifm, 


Grriiiiiiii. 

Gillim, 

Gengea, 

Gangarida^ 

Gete, 

Gtlemifli, 

Gelbftniim, 

Galls, 

GeoTmedie, 

Cknrgonfl^ 

GnullTii8| 
Gete, 


ChniTidam  imperOfl, 

GrTiiftiis, 

GnosBia, 

Geryon, 


Glauenm, 

Genus  Diyi, 

Augustus, 

Gracchi, 

GeminoB  portce, 

GabinsB, 

Giesa, 

Gelonos, 

Ganges, 

Graviscao, 

Crargani, 


701 

It.    40 

T.  182 

iT.  229 

X.    87 

tr.  846 

T.  806 

tL  289 

TiL  661 

TiiL  202 

tL  488 

792 

798 

842 

898 

viL  682 

TiU.  662 

726 

ix.     80 

X.  184 

xL  247 


H. 


Hylan, 
Heflpcrides, 

Hippomcncs, 
Heliad<'8, 
Hcbrus, 
Hyadc8, 

Halcjones, 

Htemus, 

Hormus, 

Hippodame, 

Hero, 

Hippomancs, 

Bippomanes, 


EcL  Ti.     48 

61 

MtL  iv.  484 

EcLtL     61 

62 

X.     66 

Geor.  L  138 

^n.  iiL  516 

Geor.  L  899 

492 

IL  187 

iu.      7 

258 

280 

Ma,  iT.  516 


HeUeboros, 

HortoB, 

Hjdajspes, 

Hypainie, 

Hector, 

Hsrpalyce, 
HeBperiam, 


Geor.  fiL 
ir. 

Geor.  It. 

i£n.L 

xiL 

L 


Heonbam, 

Hospitimn, 
HiirpjiflB, 

Helenum, 
Hermionem, 
Hospita  flBquora, 
HyiOMiiAi 

Heoaite» 

Hectorel, 
Hippocodatifl^ 
Hoc,  HimD, 
Beroulee, 


Haoniba], 

Helicona, 

Hemica  8ax% 

Hortine, 

Hcrmi, 

Halesus, 

Hippolyti, 

Hesione, 

Hoedi, 

Hasta  protcntis, 

Hippolyten, 

Hausit  oculis, 


IL 

tL 

X. 

fl. 
tH. 

m. 

TlL 

ilL 


iT. 

TiL 
tL 

T. 


tL 


TiiL 

tL 

X. 

TiL 


... 

TIU. 

ix. 

X. 

xL 

•  ■ 

xu. 


I.  <SsJ 


Junipori, 

Ismams, 
Jupiter, 


Ecl.  TiL 

x. 

TiiL 

Geor.  L 

iv. 

uGn.  ix. 


Ingenium  fato,    Geor.  L 
Indigctes, 


Ityrsai, 
Istrum, 
Isthmia, 
Ixion, 


Inachife, 
Inacbi», 


^n.  xii. 
Geor.  ii. 


... 

lU. 


iT. 

JEn.  vi. 

Geor.  iii. 

.£n.  vii. 


461 
118 
211 
870 

99 
440 
817 
680 
«60 
667 
625 

92 
601 
820 

16 
tl2 
119 
294 
828 
877 
866 
606 
611 
609 
190 
492 
766 
128 
896 
801 
288 
845 

11 
641 
684 
716 
720 
724 
761 
157 
668 
839 
661 
945 


58 

76 

44 

121 

160 

84 

670 

416 

498 

794 

448 

497 

19 

88 

484 

601 

153 

872 


Iberl, 
Indi, 


lafetlm, 
Jdno, 


iDTisnm  genoa, 
Hhricoa, 

Dia, 

Hiades, 

lihacna, 
Jua-fiM, 
Immixti, 
Idomenem^ 

Ilhace, 
Inspirata, 
Inanis  Tumnlnfl, 
InTentasai^ 

Intempeeta  nox, 

JuflsaHeleni, 

Iari>as, 

IriB, 

lonio  mari, 

ImbertorbidQB, 

Ino, 

Icarus, 

Incertam  Lunam, 

Ignem  simplicis, 

In, 

Infelix  pater, 

Italus, 

Jugalia, 

Janus, 

lo, 

IndegensB, 


Geor.  fi. 

ir. 

.£n.  rl 

TU. 
TUL 
«. 
IT. 

• 

L 

•■ 

U. 

L 


408 


7« 
€(« 
70S 

H 

•46 

4 

6U 

M 
241 
Vft 


T. 

L 

tL 
L 

xL 
L 

•• 

IL 


274 
777 
480 

81 
IM 

m 


m 

401 


104 


T. 


VL 


vu. 


IX. 


Ignea  rima, 

lapyge, 

Iberia, 

Ide», 

Inarime, 

Intcndcrc  nmneros, 

Idalium,  x. 

Hle-hic, 


Ilva, 
Ismara, 
Inf\ila, 
Ille  apcx, 

Inferias  imbris 


587 
181 

1t.    » 

1« 
700 
w 

1» 

694 

14 

Sl 

270 

747 

810 

178 
SSO 
610 
617 
7S9 
814 
8iS 

m 

710 

6S0 
716 
776 
51 
1» 
7»! 
S4i 
17S 
»1 
5S8 
7(f7 
8if9 


■•• 
TUL 

•  • 

XU. 

•  •• 

TUL 


XU. 

X. 


XL 


TA^  OP  REFeR&NCB. 


otraria, 
miB  leti, 
obaaii 

rtUDA, 

'I 


JSd.  zL  %i1 

jn.  liO 

898 

487 

608 

Oeor.  L  145 

JSn.zil  687 

864 

906 

941 


L. 


rcalia — ^Lyc8B,EcLiL 
la, 


0, 

er, 

'» 

>n» 

icdon, 

nuS| 

es, 
h», 


ier, 


iium, 

.8, 

la, 
)on, 


is  Tibris, 

itie, 
am, 

cura, 
obscura, 
3  sortes, 
*tis  adductis, 
am, 

<  TroJ89, 
rinthtis, 


ApoUinares, 
aeva  sacerdos, 

EcL  iv. 
amia, 

m, 

lia, 

am. 


81 

iv.     10 

Geor.  iiL    60 

EcLiv.    66 

T.    76 

TiiL    17 

OeQr.  i    78 

188 

502 

u.  161 

JRn,  iii.  442 

Gepr.  iL  168 

iiL  116 

Ml  vL  601 

▼iL  807 

Geor.  iiL  268 

264 

844 

iSn.  ▼.  744 

▼iiL  548 

Geor.  iv.  211 

JSilL      2 

118 

889 

502 

40 

201 

^n.  ii.  698 

EcLL     18 

JSn.  u.  782 

iii.    14 

214 

467 

▼iL  689 

iu.  706 

iv.    81 

846 

▼.  141 

260 

816 

558 

589 

590 

70 

821 

4 

JSn.  ▼L  447 

529 

746 

763 

801 


IL 


▼L 


LueretiA, 
Latiniifl, 


lAttrenB,        ) 

Laorentum,   ) 

Lymphata, 

Lupercal, 

Luperei, 

LycaBum, 

Lupam  foetam, 

Lelegaa, 

Legio, 

Lampada, 
Lydia  gen8|  . 
Ligunun^ 

Lapaiu, 

Locro^ 


Malmn, 
liyrtua, 

rUUSpB, 

MureXy 

Myric«, 

Mienal!ig| 

Medea, 

Mars, 


Minerya, 

Mysia, 
Monstrum, 


Melicertes, 
Media, 
Massicus, 
Marsi, 

MantuA, 


Molorchufl, 

Milesus, 

Moeotis, 

Molossus, 

MelampuB, 

MeiissaB, 

Mantilia, 

MycensB, 


.£n.TL  848 

▼iL    45 

.50 

xiL  164 

▼iL     68 

877 

▼iii.  848 

848 

844 

680 

725 

ix.  868 

xiL  563 

ix.  585 

X.  155 

185 

ri.  701 

JL  798 

819 

zL  265 


M. 


EcLiL 

▼a. 

iiL 
!▼. 

▼i. 
▼iU. 


51 
54 
62 
60 
44 
10 
21 
47 
44 
18 


Mercati  solum, 

Manns  artificum, 

Memnon, 

MenssB, 

Myrmidones, 

Moania, 


X. 

iii. 

▼L  777 

Geor.  L     18 

JEn,  iL  171 

Geor.  L  102 

184 

JSn.  iiL  807 

▼.  523 

xiL  246 

Geor.  i.  437 

U.  126 

143 

167 

Mn,  ▼iL  768 

Geor.  iL  198 

JSn.  X.  198 

201 

19 

806 

849 

406 

550 

!▼.  150 

877 

JSn.L  284 

▼i.  838 

i.  867 


Geor.  iiL 


iL 


454 
489 
723 
7 
284 


MagnaGnecia, 
Manes, 


Mauritania, 

MoBonia  mitra, 

Mercuriufl, 

Magalia, 

Ma^ 

Mnanaer, 

Menfl, 

Minofl, 

Minotaurus, 

MaflsyUim, 

Misenufl, 


Malesuada  fiiniai, 
Mo^et  omam, 
Menelaufl, 

MuflBBum, 
MoBOtica  teUns, 
MarceUufl, 


Mercede, 

Myoen» 

Multa, 

Movent  Martem, 

Meientiafl, 


iBn.iL  SfiT 

UL  89# 

56» 

!▼.  88f 

▼L  74$ 

X.    8^ 

xU.  674 

iv.  206 

216 

859 

259 

▼.  198 

▼L    II 

20 

481 

24 

•0 

164 

ix.  716 

▼L  270 

482 

625 


MesBapufl, 


Maflflica, 
Marrubinm 
Myrtum, 
Mens»  secundiB, 
MoBonia, 

Metium, 

Manliufl, 

Morini, 

Moenia  AcestaB, 

Mincius, 

Manus  miseranda, 

MorooidiB, 

MycensBUfl  ductor, 

Manlpli, 

Metior  ▼iotima, 

Multa, 

Muflsat, 

MuraU  tormento, 


N. 


xi.  262 

▼L  667 
798 
866 
869 
888 

▼U.  817 
872 
898 
608 
648 

▼UL  482 

X.  71 

908 

▼U.  691 

X.  854 

785 

xn.  289 


i.  281 
L  721 


▼U.  726 
750 
817 

▼UL  284 
499 

ix.  546 

▼uL  642 
652 
727 

ix.  218 
X.  206 

xL  259 
759 
206 
870 

xU.  296 
506 
657 
921 


NymphsB, 
Nardflflafl, 


£cL  iL 


46 

46 


618 


TABLE  OP  REPERENCE. 


HarciflBOB, 

Kectar, 

Nereus, 

Nereldes, 

MituB, 

Nemus, 

Meptunns, 


Naryx, 
Nilom, 


Niphates, 
Noricum, 
Nimbus, 

Nunis, 

Numina  Magna, 
Narycii  Locri, 
NumidsB, 

Nox  atra, 

Nomcntnm, 

Numitor, 

Numa, 

Nar, 

Nefos, 


Nubigensa, 

Nursia, 
Nunc,  6  nunc, 
Nisus — Euryalus. 

Navalc, 

Nec  mintis, 

Nec  uon, 

Nos«tnim, 

Kox  intempesta, 

Non  secds  ac, 


Oeor.  ir. 

EoLt. 

tL 


Geor.  L 
iBD.  iii. 

T. 

Geor.  ii 
liL 
iT. 

^Sn.  Ti. 
TiiL 
Geor.  iiL 


JEsL  L 

TiiL 

u. 

m. 

IT. 

••• 

Tm. 

T. 


100 
71 
85 
85 
74 
9 

14 

8 

799 

488 

28 

887 

298 

800 

711 

80 

474 

102 

854 

501 

899 
41 


Orestes,  JBn.  ir. 

Omen  regibus,  TiL 

Osci, 

OmnigentLm  Deonuii,TiiL 
Oricia,  x. 

Ocnus — ^Bianor, 
Orbem  triplice  sere, 
Opis,  xi. 

Orithyia,  xiL 

Oocupat  os, 
Oppetere, 
Oieaster, 


471 
174 
729 
698 
186 
198 
789 
886 
88 
800 
548 
766 


P. 


Pttrthofli 

PUi, 

Pierideai 

Parc», 

Phyllis, 

Puniceus, 

P(Bni, 


Tii. 


Tii. 
Tiii. 

•• 

TU. 

-    ••• 

T1U. 

ix. 

xi. 

•  • 

xu. 


724 

^21  :  Pentheas, 

778    Proserpina, 

777 

810 

517 

596 

499 

678 

674 

293 


Pamassos, 


EoLL 
iL 
liL 
It. 

T. 


JSn.  L 
EcLt. 

JSn.  iT. 

EcLtL 

X. 

tL 


Pyrrha, 

Promeueus, 

Proetides, 

Pha§thontiades, 
•716    Phafiton, 

579  !  ^n.  T. 

nr.    Philomcla,  Eclvi. 

205  I  Geor.  iv. 

829    Progne,  Ecl.  Ti. 

Phoebo, 


107 
107 
187 
846 
856 


o. 


Olympus, 

OrgU, 
Orion, 

Olympia, 

Oscilla, 
•Orphea, 


Otium, 
Orestes, 


Ed.  T. 
^n.  i. 

X. 

Ecl.  V. 

Mn.  iv. 

£cl.  Tiii. 

u£n.  L 

•  •• 

ui. 
Geor.  i. 

••• 

m. 

11. 

EcL  iii. 

Geor.  iv. 

.^Bn.  vi. 

Geor.  iv. 

iEn.  iiL 


56 

374 

1 

69 
301 

55 
535 
517 


Priapus, 

PoUio, 

Pontus, 
Pindus, 
Palladiura, 

Pallas, 

Plelades, 

Plurima, 

Pojnas, 

Philippi, 

Pharsalia, 

Panchala, 


IV. 

Ecl.  vii. 

Geor.  iv. 

EcL  iv. 

••  • 

VUL 
X. 

Grjor.  i. 
Mn.  ii. 
Geor.  i. 


62 
81 
60 
47 
10 
17 
27 

802 
69 
79 

511 

698 
29 
11 
41 
42 
48 
62 
62 

105 
78 

511 
78 
82 
10 
33 

111 
12 
6 
95 
11 
18 

166 
18 

138 

187 

405 


Paros, 

Potniades, 

Phasim, 

Proteus, 

Parthcnope, 

Polus, 

ProceHa, 

PortiB  t>elli, 

Paphus, 

Patroclus, 

Pergama, 

Peplum, 

Penthemlea, 

PeUsgi, 


Phoenissa, 

Palaraedis, 
Phalanx, 
Pantlieufl, 
Plurima  imagOy 
Pyrrhus, 


Penetralia, 
Priami  fatoram, 

Polydonis, 

Phineus, 

PhsM^um, 

Priamela  Virgo, 

PhiloctetaB, 

Petilia, 

Polyphemns, 

Pelorus, 
Pachynum, 
Pyginalion, 
Pronuba, 


GeOT.HL 


59  !  Penatcs, 

19    Penetrales, 

889 

46 

454 

520 

645    Pales, 
564  i  Pelops, 
828  I  Pythia, 


\ 


u. 


Mn.  iL 

T. 

Tiii. 
Geor.  iiL 


Parvulus  ^Eneas, 

Pentheus, 

Pluto, 

Pompas, 

Palma, 

Phorcus, 

Panopea, 

Portunus, 

Paridcm, 

Pandare, 

Pfffilato, 
490  '  Polites, 
490    Porta, 

Palaemon, 

Pedem  facere, 

Palinums, 


139 
506 


293 

717 

744 

548 

1 

7 

19 


m. 

•• 

n. 


iil 


Sl 
IT.  867 

m 

664 

JBilL    90 

lOi 

294 

415 

458 

46« 

480 

491 

624 

TiL7»6 

Tia.  600 

L  670 

iT.  f » 

a  89 

254 

119 
869 

470 
S68 

294 
4«4 

654 

657 

41 

48 

III 

191 
821 
402 
402 
617 
636 
65^7 

m 

1 

iw 

Sli» 
469 

M 

111 
^) 
24*) 
241 
870 
496 
Ml 
5«4 
755 

m 
m 

870 


IV. 

vu. 
iv. 


T. 


TL 


P^phaS 
PerithoOs 


848 

879 

14 

24 

122 


TABLE  OP  REPERENCE. 


613 


Perithotlfl, 

Pyram, 
ProculO, 
Phlegethoc, 
Pbsarain, 

Procria, 
Protecilaus, 
Pulsus  parena, 
Phlegyas, 
PsBana, 


MtLyl  894 
TiL  804 
▼i  215 
258 
265 
445 
▼iL  761 
tL  445 
447 
609 
618 
657 
Til  769 
Principio  spiritns,  tL  724 
Pompeiua  Magnus,  828 

Persea — Pyrrhus,  888 

Prosequitur  Anchisea,  898 
Plaga  iniqui  soUs,  yiL  225 
Pero,  689 

Partem  Sabinis,  709 

Pallanteum,  TiiL     51 

Popsenna,  646  j 

Pupplbus  turritis,  693 

Pilumnus,  ix.       3 

X.     76 
Prisca  fidea,  ix.    70 

Parva  discrimina,  142 

Pontes,  170 

xiL  675 
Phalera^i,  ix.  859 

Pater  Roinanus,  449 

Produxi  te,  487 

Palici,  585 

Prochyta,  715 

Pactas  sponsas,  X.     79 

Puctolus,  142 

Populonia,  172 

PiMB,  179 

Pvrgi,  184 

PhsBton,  186 

Pallas — Lausufl,  488 

Penetrabile,  481 

Paphus,  55 

Partim,  xL  204 

Protei,  262 

Pharos,  262 

Privemo,  539 

PenthcHilca,  661 

Praecipites,  888 

Pacisci  letum,  xiL     49 

Pceonium,  401 

Pauaceam,  419 

Pati  digna  indigna,  811 


Q. 


Quinqne  Zon»,    Geor.  L  288 
Quadrige,  512 

Ma,  yL  585 
Qu»  quibufl,  iv.  871 

Quam  mihi  cdm,  436 

Quisque  patimur,        tL  743 
Quirinus,  859 


Quiritea,  JEa.  viL  709 

710 
Quocunque  fonte,  yiiL  74 
Quadrupedante,  596 

Quem  labor  damnet,  xiL  727 


R. 


Bhodopei 


Geor.  L  832 

iiL  851 

Rottrum,  iL  5(>8 

Bomulos,  MiL  L  274 

vL  777 
Rhesus,  L  469 

Bttdentea^  iiL  267 

688 
Rogos,  !▼.  646 

Remigium,  vL    16 

Regna  Caspia,  798 

Rerum  Lachjrma,  L  462 
Recidiva,  yiL  821 

X.  58 
Romulidis,  TiiL  638 

Regia  horrebat,  654 

Rostrata  coronliy  684 

Rhenus,  TiiL  727 

Remulus,  ix.  363 

Rejiciunt  parmai|  xL  619 
Religio,  xiL  181 

iiL  409 

868 

Rerum  trepids,  xiL  589 

Romana  ^ropago,  827 

s. 


Sinistra, 

EcLL    18 

Scythiam, 

66 

Sibylla, 

Iv.      4 

Satumus, 

6 

Satumia  regna, 

6 

Satyri, 

V.    73 

Syracus», 

▼L      1 

X.        1 

Silenus, 

▼L     14 

Scyllam; 

74 

JRa.  i.  200 

iii.  420 

684 

Sardodfl, 

EcLrii.    41 

Solstitium, 

47 

Sophoclea, 

▼iiL     10 

Specula, 

59 

Saltus, 

X.      9 

Sylvanua, 

24 

Salii, 

44 

Oeor.  L    20 

SabflBi, 

57 

Sirioa, 

218 

iv.  425 

JBiL  X.  378 

Serea, 

Geor.  iL  121 

Sabini. 

082 

Sayphna,  Qeor.  iiL    80 

SiUui,  14« 

Styx,  651 

ir.  488 

JSn.  ▼L  205 

824 

xiL  816 
Serpyllum,  Oeor.  !▼.  81 
Speluncia,  864 

Samo,  JbL  L    15 

Sarpedon,  100 

ix.  697 
Simola,  L  100 

Syrtia,  111 

Sanguine  Teacri,  285 

Sichsua,  348 

•  br.  l 
Scamander,  L  478 

Sidera  cadentia,  iL      9 

Sinonem,  82 

86 
Spona»,  845 

Scyrla,  477 

Sub  axe,  012 

Sic,  0,  aic,  044 

Superi,  659 

SteiU  lapaa,  094 

Stat,  750 

Strophadnm,  iiL  209 

2ia 
Serrire  Phrygio,  £▼.  108 
Sermone,  277 

Si  fata,  840 

Solum,  ▼.  199 

▼iL  111 

X.  102 
Salius,  ▼.  298 

Spiculum-pilum,  800 

Spatium,  810 

Sirenes,  864 

Somnus— Mora,  ▼L  278 

Salmonea,  585 

Sisyphus,  610 

Spargit  corpus,  086 

Sylvius,  763 

Scipiadas,  849 

Spolia  opima,  859 

Sabinus,  ▼iL  178 

Samum,  208 

Sortea,  *  269 

!▼.  846 
Situ,  ▼iL  440 

Soractia,  696 

xL  785 
Samua,  ▼iL  788 

Sarrantea,  788 

Sicani,  795 

Sacrani,  796 

Siculi,  795 

Spectana  orientia,  ▼flL  68 
Supertitio,  187 

Salii;  286 

Sscnlum,  508 

Sabinaa  raptaa,  085 

Siatram,  090 


BnbUtuiD, 

ae  tur  ad  Htrk, 

-         .•tri, 


TABLE  OF  REFERENCE. 


Tritoni», 

T^itn  Lmua, 


Bohoa  hoDM  nb, 
Kduatrute, 
Bccloi  irtillcli, 
Beeaiidiu  «ruapex, 
Bldere  abrupto. 


Superetitlo, 
ftBf  1  regia, 
SoelersU, 


Thetini, 
Terena, 
TllhoQB^ 


TbeRplH, 

ThoKoidiB, 

TenliiluB, 

TnyeoH-, 
Tciii|K>,  plu., 

TicniiruB, 

Tyrii.' 
Tiber, 

ThcUs, 
IMuucrio, 

ToKHtam, 

Trolliis, 
TouciT, 


TnnEtiiB, 

TripodM, 

Tarentl, 

Tada^ 

ntaB,  J 

J 

TldHfa, 

ThfBB— Bwcho, 
TriTia, 


TTsdani^ 

ntBui*  pubeo, 
■ntjon, 

Tvrrtii:TH)  silp,    . 

TflliiajiiL-.'!, 

Tiillus  ilosUIius, 

Tarqulnina, 

TorqnKtaa, 

TuDiuhuin, 


TrabPa, 
.    Tlijraoft 
I  Tnuincribi, 
.    Tewie™, 

TubB-classic», 

Teutonea, 

Tjbris, 
;    Tnrpeiam  ecdem, 
;    Tres  radios, 
I    TyrrhcnuH  clnngor, 

;    Thcliiina, 

Tyrrlienn'  aciea, 
,    Toluiiinius, 
Tliemioiloa, 
'  Tibur, 
;  .  Tibiirtus, 
'  TanEO  nras, 
I  ,  Tubiilata, 
TabuTQO, 


mapo1ia,fci.,      jEilLW 

Umbr», 

■fiT 

my»*». 

IL      1 

HL  sn 

831 

UmboDo, 

a  ut 

tH.  fllt 

UtTamgne  Trojam, 

iiL  iM 

Utrumque  capnt, 

Ir.  M7 

Uiubn^ 

SBT 

Tacdoia, 

Tarw 

TiirS 

TnlcaDui^ 
Teeta, 


Tacanm,  Geor.  i 

Tinim,  JEn. 

TaC*" 

TiMers, 

Tlrgine  ctesa,  i 

Tiaum  alitcr,  Dia, 
Tia  canum,  li 

Tcialus  bcllo, 
■  Tirliis,   ■  ' 

Visciiiii,  T 

!  Violare  Orbem  crusti,  vi 
.  Velinns, 
Vulnus, 


Vultumua, 


^  097  I 
i.  6Ul  ;  * 


i.  flfiU 
ii.  710 

L  7-I'l 
iL    Si 


TABLB  OF  REFERBNCB. 


.615 


JB. 


EcLtL    80 
X.    68 

Mix.  iv.  481 

JHIPwf 

Geor.  L    00 

•           w 

^ilL  290 

JWha* 

L    62 

JU^ 

62 

▼ilL  416 

iBoMdn, 

L  m 

JBlmji^ 


JBBtas  prima, 

iBnea  domos, 

JSaddeSy 

JEtaiAy 

i&tas  aeptima» 

JSrai 


^L  644 
iY.  616 
id.  292 
ilL      8 

97 

296 

664 

L  766 

T.  628 

▼iL  626 


Mn^  Mel  z.  788 

^quos,  TiL  696 

JSsculapias,  778 

JEgysthus,  xL  268 

^uato  ezamine,      ziL  726 


(E. 


(Ebalin, 
(Eagnu, 
CEnotria, 


Geor.  ir.  126 

624 

ALiiL  166 


f  ■ 


*•! 


fiia. 


.ao^iaifa-iii;;  k  :--  t:.^": 


•  •••* 

JlfrS      • 


r.r?. 'Ji^T  . 


'    1 


'1* 

■- *  • . 


'»• 


-  4» 


I 


•<9 


*f 


Thia  book  ahould  be  retarned 
the  Library  on  or  befbre  the  laat  df 
atamped  below. 

A  f&ne  of  flve  centa  a  day  ia  inourz 
by  retaining  it  beyond  the  apeoifl 
time. 

Pleaae  retum  promptly. 


igjg.;67  H 


'■".a/ 


/^