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HARVARD    UNIVERSITY. 


LIBRARY 


MUSEUM   OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


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THE  JOURNAL 


.Boston  Zoological  Society 


(rbitcb  bi) 


Arthur  P.  Chadbourne  and  A.  C.  Anthony. 


VOLUME   I. 


BOSTON.    MASS.  : 
PUBLISHED    BY   THE    SOCIETY. 

■    18S2. 


W.   H.    Wheeler,   Frittter, 
ij   Jt  ij  Brighton  Street,   Cambridge,  Mass. 

1882. 


CONTENTS    OF   VOLUME    I. 


LIST   OF   PAPERS. 


Anthony,  A.  C. 

A  few  Remarks  on   Ctct'fidelidce    . 

Where  Frogs  go  in  Winter    .... 

A  Plant  Destructive  to  Bees 

New  England  Philampeli       .... 

Hydrophilus  triangularis  at  Swampscott.  Mass. 


7 

9 

9 

i8 

26 


Austin,  E.  P. 

Collecting    S/ylopidce    .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .12 

Notes    on   Collecting    Certain    Biiprestidce  .....       45 

BOWDITCH,    F.    C. 

Notes  on  Certain  Coleoptera  .         .         .         .         .         .         •  -27 

Chadbourne,  a.  p. 

The  Rarer  Birds  of  Massachusetts 4,  20,  30 

Red  Squirrel  Swimming         .........       25 

Entcenia  sii'talis  S^vallowing  its  Young         ......        26 

Coleman,  Rev.  N. 

Notes  on  the  Larvae  of  Certain  Heterocerous  Lepidoptera  .         .       28 

Notes  on  the  Changes  in  the  Larva-  of  Orygia  leucostigma         .  .       39 

Papilio  crcspko?ites  at  Berlin,  Conn.       .......       53 

Another  strangely  marked  larva  of  Arctia  isabella  .         .  -54 

Havward.  R. 

The  Migrations  of  Insects     .........  2 

The  Red  Fox  at  Randolph,  Mass 9 

A  Note  on  the  Whip-poor-will       ........  9 

Seletiophorus  ellipticus  at  Nantucket    .......  10 

Notes  on  the  Habits  and  Distribution  of  the  Massachusetts  Rodentia  13 

Another  Spotted  Egg  of  Empidonax  minimus       .....  26 

Habits  and  Transformations  of  Bolitotherus  bifurcus           •         •         •  35 

Two  Rare  Carabidce  from  Eastern  Massachusetts      •         •         •         •  37 

i            Cicindcla  ancocisconensis  Harr.   in   Vermont       .....  38 


Hogg,  R.    W. 

Dendrcpca  pinus  in  Winter 


25 


Lamb,   C.   R. 

Baird's  Sandpiper  at  Marblehead,  Mass. 


37 


Maynard,  C.  J. 

x\  Third  Specimen  of  the  Swallow-tailed  Gull  (^Xema  furcahim)       .        37 
On    the   Distribution    of  the   Ivorj-billed  Woodpecker  (CamJ>e/>/iilus 
principalis)  ...........       42 

Ornithological  Notes  from  the  Magdalen  Islands         .         .         .         .       s^2 


Noble,  J.   H. 

Late  date  for  Parula  ainericana 


Savage,  H. 

Habits  of  Three  Species  of  New  England  Cohibridce 
OphibGlus  doliatus  var.  triangulus  taking  Refuge  under  Water 
The  Black  form  o^-Cici/idela  purpurea  in  New  Hampshire 
General  Habits  of  the  New  England  Dytiscidce 
Abnormal  Egg  of  the  Song  Sparrow    ...... 


6 

9 
10 

-4 
26 


TuELOx.  T.  A. 

A  list  of  the  Birds  observed  near  Bradford.  Penn. 


47 


THK 


Quarterly  Journal 


Oi^^    THK 


Boston  Zoological  Society, 


Vol.  I—JAITUAEY,  1881.-NO.  i 


CONTENTS. 

Page. 
THE  HISTORY  OF  THE    SOCIETY.  ]. 

THE  MIGRATIONS    OF  INSECTS.       By  BnJand  Hmjwurd.  2. 

THE  RARER   BIRDS   OF   MASSACHUSETTS.       By    Arihur 

P.Chadhourtm.  4. 
HABITS  OF  THREE   SPECIES  OF  NEW  ENGLAND  COL- 

UBRID^l^.       By    Henry  Savaye.  6. 

A  FEW  REMARKS   ON  CICINDELID.^.       Bv  A. C. Anthony.  7. 

GENERAL  NOTES.  9. 

Tne  i.'ed  Fox  at  Randolph,  Mass.;     Caribou  at  IJange'ey.  Kc:     Late  date  for  Parula  Am- 
eiicana      A  n<  te  on  the  whipi  oor-w  ill ;     Ophitioius  triai.guliis  takins;  refuge  undtr    wat- 
er;    Where  frogs  go  in  winter;     Setcnophorui  ellijiticus  at  Nantucket;     A  plant    destruc- 
tive to  beo*;     Tbf  black  form  of  <"icindela  purpurea  in  N.H. 


BosTOx,  Mass.  : 

PURLISHED    BY  THE  SOCIETY 


THE  QUAETEELY   JOUENAL 

OF  THE 

BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 

A  MAGAZIXE  DEVOTED  TO  THE  STUDY    OF    ZOOLOGY,   ES- 
PECIALLY THE  VEK1  EBRATA    AND  IXSEOTA. 

TEEMS: 

For  one  .year,  (postage  paid)         $.50,  in  advance, 

copy,  "  "  .15. 


a        a 


All  subscriptions  and  contiiluitions  should  be  sent  to  the 
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All  communica'ions  should  reach  the  I'ditoi-  at  least  two 
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are  intended  to  appear. 

Address: 
Boston  Zoological  Society, 

285  Marlboro'  Street, 
Boston,    Mass. 


The  Journal 

of  the 

Boston  Zoological  Society, 


Vol.1.  Jan.  1882.     •      No.l. 


THE  HISTOin^  OF  THE  SOCIEIY. 

In  November  of  1880  the  idea  of  foundhig  a  society  ior  the  ad- 
vancement of  the  knowledge  of  Zooiony  among  a  lew  friends 
1  e.^i(linL:  in  the  city  was  formed .  During  the  first  meetings  \\hic]i 
were  li  dd  toA'aids-  the  end  oi  the  month,  a  name  and  constitu- 
tion were  decided  ui)on.  and  three  officers  were  tdected  viz.  a 
P^iESU'ENT,   Sfcketarv  and  'Ireasurek. 

It  was  thought  well  to  have  a  nu^eUng  once  a  wee\',  so  Sat- 
urday ev^^ning  was  deeiil^d  upon  as  being  t'lemost  convenient. 
At  fi  st  the  meetings  were  irregular,  and  the  ai  tieles,  for  the 
m<>t  pait,  siioit;  hut  giaduaily  they  grew  more  regular  and 
Ije  ai tides  iiiereas-jd  in  Lmgtli  and  interest. 

Karly  in  January  the  meetings  began  to  assume  a  more 
s.ienti.ic  charai-ter,  and  the  ])apen3,  whicdi  previously  had  been 
taken  f.om  the  works  of  other  authors,  became,  for  the  most 
pa  t,  ori.Linal;  being  nnai  liy  based  on  the  observations  of  the 
wri'ers. 

At  theme^tingh  d  1  Feb.  12,  it  was  decided  to  have  a  library. 
Frcm  that  time  to  this  it  has  been  steadily  increasing,  and  it 
now  contains  about  fifty  volumes. 

At  the  meetmg  held  April  2,  1881,  the  society  decided  to 
have  a  collection  and  a  custodian  was  accordingly  elected. 
Tne  c  Jlection  was  afterwards  given  up  and  the  otHce  of  cus- 
tcdian  abolished. 

Ihe  annual  meeting  W' as  held  April  22,  1881,  at  which  the 
reports  of  the  Secretary  and  Treasuker  >vere  presented. 
These  reports  showed  the  society  to  be  in  a  flourishing  condi- 
tion.     Afier  the  annual  meeting  the  society  adjourned  until 
October  29J881. 

At  the  m-eting  held  on  that  date  it  w^as  decided  to  issue  a 
small  quarterly  journal,  which,  if  the  funds  of  the  society 
increase,  as  we  hope  they  may,  will  grow  larger. 


2.  THE    JOUKXAL    OF    THE 

On  Xov.  19,  1881,  the  society  celebrated  the  jiiiinversaiT 
of  it's  louiidation,  at  the  house  of  it's  president.  After  speech 
es  by  several  officers  the  meeting-  adjourned  and  a  collation 
was  served.  Thus  has  one  year  rolled  by,  and  it  is  to  ])e  sin- 
cerely hoped  that  many  more  will  pass  with  still  more  satis- 
factory results. 

THE  MIGRATIONS  OP  IX8ECTS. 

There  is  perhaps  no  subject  which  could  be  studied  with 
more  advarita<>e  than  the  one  that  I  shall  briefly  treat.  Iti? 
a  subject  which  closely  affects  the  interests  nay  even  the  lives 
of  thousands  even  millions  of  people,  for  it  is  by  th?  sudden 
appearance  of  hords  ol  insects  that  famines  are  caused,  atten 
(led  l»y  great  loss  of  life.  Apparently  no  one  knows  Avhat 
causes  such  sudden  a  id  vniexpscted  migrations  of  these  wing 
ed  creatnres  from  place  to  plac?.  Of  course  such  tundament- 
al  reasons  as  scarcity  of  fo^d,  change  in  temperature,  or  ex- 
cessive increai^e  of  numbers  may  pHrtially  explain  such  move 
nientG;  but  even  thes3  do  not  entirely  account  for  the  huge 
hords  which,  especiallv  in  the  tropics,  are  constantly  migral 


There  is  one  cause,  which  of  late  years  has  been  moi*e  thor 
oughly  considered,  and  wdiic]i,I  think,  has  much  to  do  Avith 
these  migrations.  It  is  the  clearing  away  of  timber,  and  the 
cultivation  of  the  soil.  At  first  sight  this  leascm  would  ap 
poar  ridiculous,  but  neverth^lcf-s  it  is  w^ell  gnmnded.  When 
the  natural  fjod  of  a  species  of  msect  is  e.\ttrminated,  it  is  on 
ly  natuial  for  that  epvcies  to  !?eek  anoth?r  as  near  a:--  possible 
to  the  one  from  which  it  foimeil}^  derived  its  subsistance. 
This  may  not  be  found  i  i  the  innnediate  vicinity  and  C(mse 
qucntly  the  s])e.ies  is  obHged  to  migrate  to  another  })l,icy  in 
order  to  procure  it. 

An  excellent  ex  imple  of  this  theory  is  afforded  by  the  com- 
mon and  Avell-known  Colorado  potato-beetle  (c  hkyso^iela 
1()-lixeata).  The  natin'al  food-i)!ant  of  this  dLvstr..cti\espe 
cies  was  originally  n'>t  th?  potato  bat  a  cimnrju  W'cd  (sol 
ANUM  rostkatum)  indigeiums  to  Colorado  and  belonging  to 


I'H 


iiOST  )\    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  8. 

the  siinie  group  of  phints  a?^  the  potato.  When  on  account 
of  the  caltivation  of  the  laud,  the  potato  hegau  to  take  the 
place  of  the  weed,;,  the  beetle  was  obliged  to  ehauge  its  food- 
j)laut  aud  c*ousequeutly- chose  the  potato  as  beiug  closely  al- 
ii .'d  to  its  forui'ji- ()uc.  Tlxei-e  is  another  iuterestiiig-  fact  whicli 
is  likewise  prove(l  by  thip'f  ami  liar,  alas  too  famihar  insect.  , 
It  is  a  noticeable  fact  that  man  both  in  historic  and  prer' 
historic  a.!:cs  has  always  h.id  the  tendency  to  migrate  west.' 
We  know  thatT^i^' Hlins;''i8dythians  and  most  of  the  other 
ha]'l)arians  that  o"\4^rthrew-the  Roman  empire  were  of  Orien- 
tal origin,  and,  aetording  to  iiistory,  i^tarted  their  migrations 
from  what  is  nowTartary  in  kllLsia,  In  yet  more  modern 
tunes,  it  was  west  that  our  f oreyf athers  sailed  and  it  is  still 
west  that  the  tide  ol  emigration  rfqws .  This,  however,  is  exnct 
Iv  tlie  reverse  in  insects  and  thelo'wef*  animals  in  ironeral. 

With  tiiem  the  general  tendency  is  to  migrate  east.  It 
is  east  that  our  former  fiend  tlie  Colorado  potato-beetle 
has  been  migrating.'-''  ■  Itis  east  tlmt  the  chinch-bug  (  blissus 
LKU(T(n»TERiTs)  is  noW)  moving  Jind;  probably  it  always  will  he 
cast  that  insects  will  migrate.    •  )j  V:        = ;  r 

(•)f  course  thei*e  ai*c  excvptions  to  the  general  rule,  both  iii 
man  and  insects.  However  it  iB  these  exceptions  which  add 
s!r([ingth  to  the^  rule.  As  An  exatnple,  in  man,  Ave  find  that 
the  North  Amciican  Indians  have  nipved  east;  since  accord- 
in  j^  to  the  pveseut  theory, their  race  originated  in  Xorth-east- 
«'rn  Asia.  '  There  are  likewrse  exceptions  among  insects;  as 
European  speciesf  being  tountl  in  this  country  and  New  Eng- 
lantrspccies  Ix^ing  tiiken  on  th<6  Pacific  coast.  But  such  oc- 
currences ai'e  i-are  !(nd  niu'sfhe  ^'onsirlered  only  as  exceptions. 
1  could  iill  several  j>ages  \\'\{\\  remarks  on  the  migiaticm 
of  insects,  h^i.t  I  have  neither  liine  nor  space  and  consequently 
nuist  close Jjii^se  Uiief.  remaiks  with  the  hope  of  having  the 
pleasiue,  Ai  some  futuie  date,'  of  contributing^  to  the  Journal 
another  ;uti<de^()n  the  same  subject.       ^ 

*  rh«»  .spt'ou's  ri\  At'ci  %:.\!it  jit  tli(>  rateof  seventy  miles  a  yet^i{  and  ie>  iiowlound  oven  in  Kiirope. 
t  \|,jhi)iUue  f  .-st>r.  A.lhnf'tarjifs,  Aiithrf'nusgcr<)phulariae,etc-        '       ' 


4.  THE    JOTJRJSr)4cL    OF     I  II K 

THE  EAEER  BIEDS  OF  MASS  AC  H  USKn\S. 

In  the  following  list  I  hhve  ciideavored  to  collect,  in  eon- 
venient  form  f(  r  reference,  the  authorities  forihe  oeeurreriCejs 
oforr  mere  uncommon  birds.  Owing  to  lack  (»f  space  only 
the  original  authorltj^  is  given,  except  in  one  or  (wainstancoH 
where  tliere  is  some  confusionij 

llESrEROCICHLA   N.^.VIA:  Tpswi    H.      Dkckmbek,  18()-I. 

Cones,  Pr.  Essex  Inst,,  V  .  (1868)  p.312. 
NOTE  :      'i  lie  on  1  y  Ma-  .*<a(  h xisniin  r -cord .     See 
:^.  E.  Bird  Lilefl.  (1881)  p  5:^. 

[Mi]\jUs  PoiYconr^:  Has  frequently  I  Cimi  t:  ken,  I  ut, 
owing  to  many  behig  escaped  cage-hiitls,  it  is 
aim  >st  im[»ess^ble  to  de' erinine  itH  h'ne  }>  )sition.j 

FOIIOITILA    CvTUriEA:  C  MATH  AM.         N()\EMHKIJ    18, 

1877  Deane,  Vn^,  SuiwH  (lib  III.  (1878.) 
p.  45.  Falmoi  TH  1)e(  E»  BKi:  18,  1877. 
Swiit„Bili.  :Nultal  ('lib.  111.  (1878)  p.l4r. 
OsiEiiviLLE,  Cape  Cod.  SeptkysB!  p  2(j, 
1879.  Brewer,  Fr  J-ost  S(;c.  Nat.  Hist..  XX. 
(1879)  p  2M.  Magnolia  August  27, 
1879.     Deane,  Bull.  Nntt.dl  (  1  b  V.  p  ge  47. 

Pakus  hudsonk  us  :  [^']S^eak  Pkooj  ljxe.  '  (  V )  IVabodv 
Kep.  Orn.  Ma.^s,(ls39)  p.4()2.] 
CoNCOPi).       OcTOBEP  :X),  1870   Brewster, 
Am.  Kat,  VI.   (1872)  p.  3(0. 
Co^coI(I).    Octobep7,  16^i).   Brewster.  Bull. 
NuttallClub,  VI  page  5L 
Cambj  iDGE    Decempi  p  31,  1880.  Spelmar. 
Bulletin  ^/ttall  Hub,  VI,  page  114. 

TiiKvoTiioiMs  Lui)ov](i\Nu> :      ['Neap  Boston.*'  Sum 
MEP  OF  1875  (V)  M'u  ot,  Bulk  Nut  tall  (  hib,  I 
(1876)  page  76. J ^ 


Lynx     Ji  lv  (i,  1S7S      Urcwi-:-,  J>iill     Xiittn  1 
Cliil).  HI   iKi^v^  mi 

IIkl^iitiikiu's  vi:hmiv(  Kis:  Kast  Iiamptox.  \o 
DA'Jii:.    St(  5t!"iis,    X   w     En^laiul  Bid  T^ifV,  I, 

(  ISSl  )   I'JILIV    III. 

('AMHPvIIXiE.       SkI'TEMBKII     I  1>,     1  nS  1  ,       SjX'I- 

maii,  Hull.  Xuttall  ("iih,  VI,  i)aiiv  24^^. 

JIjj.MiXTiiorHAc;  A  LEU(()BKnNciirALis  :  Xew  •  ox- 
viLLE.  May  18,  ]87().  Brewster,  Aneiie-aii 
Sp  n'tsiiiau,  V,  page  83. 

Hudson.   May  or  June  1858.  Puidie,  Bull. 
XuttailClub,  IV,  page  184. 

Jll-LMIXTllOPHAGA    CELATA:       SpKINGFIELD.        MaY    15, 

1863.  Allen,  Biiil.  Essex  Inst.,  IV, -page  GO. 
1  Yxx.  January  1,  1875.  Brewer,  Pio.  lioist. 
Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,  XVll,  y-Ai  e  439. 
CoNC^oi^i>.   OcTOBEK  2,  187(5.  Brewster,  Bull. 
Xuttall  Clul).  I,  I  age  94. 

UUX1>K(K(    V    AUDUBOXl:         (\4.M»UIDGE.    XoVP:MBEK    15, 

187G.  A.  M.Fmzer,   Bull.   Xuttall  Club    II, 
page  27. 

I  Pkijissoglossa  TKUxiXA  :      A  r.ire  species,  but  his  been 
taken  too  f.ecpiently  for  mention  here.] 

]  )EXi)n<K(  A  DOMIXK  A  :     ''On  the  I  anks  of  ('hailes  Riv- 
er"* Date    unknown.     Funbe,    Bull.  Xultall 
(4nb,  HI.  pa-e  146 

Siuias  MoTAc  ilea:     Mount  Tom.     April  28,  1869. 
Allen,  AuuM'iean  Xatui-alist,  HI,  page  577. 

[()l>()HOI^XIS  AGiLis:  Though  frequently  common  in 
antunni,  it  has  never  been  taken  hei  e  in  spring. 

MvioDKxTEs  vuTJuvTus:     Brookline.  June  25,  1879. 
Deaxe,   IkiU.   Xuttall  Club,  V,  page  117. 

(  7V>  he  CO nf  hi  lied.) 


f).  THE    JOURNAL    OF    TllK 

HABITS  OF  THREE  SPi:(TES  OF  SKW 
ENCLAXD  COlABRiDK . 

STOREHIA    DEKAYI.  (Lifdi  B,onu,  Sn   kt  ) 

Above,  grayisli-browii,  Avitli  a  dors  si  band  of  a  liohlci*  col- 
or, bordered  by  squall  dots.  Head,  Miiall;  eyts  |)r(  iiiiiK'nt. 
Two  brown  spots  on  tlie  occiput.  Bidow,  liu'lit  <>iay.  Leniilh 
of  body,  (5.(50  iiielie  .  Tail,  1.75.  Nundxr  of  s -airs,  17. 
Gastrosteges,  12')-VM). 

1IAH1T8.  I  bave  taken  tlii-  species  in  all  kinds  of  places 
from  bogs  to  sandbanks,  in  tbe  early  spring.  Late  in  Oct- 
ober 1  observed  several  specimens,  on  a  roadside  near 
Boston  Mass..  It  is  cuief ly  insectivorous,  altli(>Ui>*h  it  ma  >' 
ver}^  probably  feed  on  youn^iif  to  ids.  This  sp  'cies  is  found 
thr  )n<>hout  New  En 'Liiid  although  it  is  rare  in  tlu^  noithern 
portioas. 

KEMAKKs.  Altlioug"h  1  bav  '  oj)eiied  tie*  stoma'-bs  <>i'  sev- 
er; 1  specimens  of  this  species,  1  liave  been  nnabN*  to  <let('ct 
tiac.s  of  anythi  g  l)ut  insects. 

EUT.EXIA    SntTALI?!.  (Oarfrr  or  Sfrijj^uf  S-nflr.) 

Ui)l)er  parts,  dark  uml  er])rown,  with  a  do.Sal  and  lateral 
stripe  of  gray.  Under  parts,  slate-eolor,  light  -r  on  th  >  thr., at. 
Leno'th,  20  inches.  Tail,  5.65  inches.  Scales,  21.  (ijs- 
ro  tege?,  130-1(50 

HABITS.  The  habit-;  (  f  this  abnnd.ant  n  k  • ;  r  •  well-  n  )W  n. 
Its  principal  food  is  toads,  fiogs,  and  some  (d*  tbc  mailer 
qiadr  p  '(Is,  sucli  as  field  nuce,  moles,  etc..  It  also  preys  (,n 
young  l)irds  and  bird's  v^^g;<.  When  coniered  it  defends  it- 
self bravely,  aid  although  it  is  not  furnished  \vit!i  poisonous 
larg>,  Us  teeth  are  -haip  enough  to  (haw  bhoJ.  It  o-ci:r» 
t.i  oughi  nt  North  Am  rica. 

IJEMAKKS.  I  have  taken  a  stii[)t  (1  srake  with  M  lariic  to:id 
in  its  n.o.th,  wliich  ;  Itlicnigli  neaily  sw  dlowed  was  still  alive. 
I  have  also  hMud  (  nc  with  a  li\c  lro2  in  its  slom.  c  i. 


BOSTON    ZOOJ,0(;J('AL    SOCIETY.  7. 

CAK  MlOnilOPS    ATVKKNrS.  {ti'd  Snake.) 

G'o-isy  cIk.'S  ii'it  hiowii  a1)()ve.  A  grMxi^J  lalcral  ^t  ipt\ 
.' p  >tte(l  with  a  darkci"  ^'isvd".  '  xt 'nd-;  tVoiii  tb  *  head  to  the 
aiiii-J.  Head,  sinalh  th  e^i  h<j;h  spot^  on  th^  occiput,  iie- 
low,  sa/mon  ivd,  l)ccoining  dark  r  towai'd  the  tail.  Length 
ot  l)ody,  7.50  inches.  Tail,  l.*"^  5  inches.  Scales,  1:3.  (J^a^,- 
tns'eges  120-]  ol). 

HAiUTS.  Thi-!  specie  fi-equ  nts  places  where  the  soil  is 
light  and  sandy,  xth  food  consists  of  young  toads  and  in- 
sects. Tt  is  usnally  fo  ind  under  stitks  and  stones  At  Un 
derhill  \^t.  it  was  exceedinoly  abiiidant  along  the  rail-road 
track,  and  at  other  places  was  taken  near  sandy  roads.  It 
i.  ic  fcctl\  harni'e-s  and  when  take  riii  the  hand  it  makes 
JH)  (  f!l/rt  to  defrn  d  itself,  hut  only  seeks  to  escape.  The 
sa.allcst  spGclnien  I  have  ever  examined  measnred  a'  out 
1.75hic!ies  in  length.  The  species  is  rare  in  Southern  New 
England,  hut  in  Maine,  N^  r  hern  New  Ilanpsliire  j  nl  \^e;' 
mont  it  isal  u  idant. 

HEMAiiKs.  I  !iav' found  n.mhes  of  small  Carahicjje  in 
th  ir  st(  machs.  hut  h  m  bv^en  ahle  to  det(  ct  no  other  insiH'ts. 
1  have  taken  oiie  np.  cluicn  wl.osu  under  s'de  was  yolicw'sh 
]/ink. 

A  Fi:\V  KEMARKS  OX  CICiNDEJ.ID/E. 

Tile  faihily  of  ins  'cts  rankh^g  fiist  in  the  clas.  iiication  of 
the  IJrder  C<  L^optera  i^^  c;  lied  C  icindeiidiX3,  a  word  (rigiral- 
\\  (.e.ived  Ironi  t-ie  Greek  kaio  mean  nig  to  l)urn  or  to  iilow. 
'I'his  name  is  uiven  them  probably  because  of  ^heii'  biiiha:it 
m  taliic  lustre  which  r.'iiec  s  the  sun's  lays  when  seen  in 
certain  positions.  'i  liey  are  al^o  known  l»y  several  ccm- 
nion  nan.es  such  as  s])arkl  *rs,  and  tigei-beeiles  from  tlie  hai.it 
of  leaping  ^n  d  nly  upon  their  prey. 

The  Cici  dedda;  have  the  antemia^  hliform;  the  legs  long 
and  slernlei',  foi*n.e  f(  r  r.  niiing  vei*y  last ;  the  jaws  p.omi- 
u^^nt  and  si(dsle-sh  «j)cd;  the  labruni  generally  wliitc.  Tlie 
I  iid  'r  side  of  di  •  hudv.  Jind  (lie  lei>s  iUtJ  of  a  bronze  or  met 


8.  THE    JOUKXAL    <)1       THK 

allic  lustre  of  several  shades,  anIik-Ij  is  also  the  color  of  tli- 
upper  side  of  many  specievS.  The  le^s  and  sides  of  tlie  b(;d\ 
are  s  mewhat  hahy. 

Thes  '  ins-cts  are  ])arlial  to  dry,  -an  ly  plaii^.s  (  rroac's,  and 
are  eiig.iged  tlironirhoiit  the  day  (•a])tn!ing  an  1  devorring* 
other  iiiseets.  1  hi;']'  iiu^venients  ru'e  so  quick  that  n<  thini;- 
can  elude  them,  rnd  thicrt  fore  they  are  diflieult  to  captine. 
It  is  their  hahit  to  s  'dd  nly  start  up  and  ah<>hta  few  yards 
m  advance,  inmn  diately  facuig  the  approacli'no-  object,  an  ! 
when  it  comes  too  n  a.v,  to  dart  off;  ga*n.  In  ch>udy  weath- 
er they  arj  very  seklom  s 'fn,  hut  a  little  ^nn>h*ne  v.i  1  Mt- 
traet  them  in  numlx  rs. 

The  larva}  that  :uv  generated  ftoni  them  ar  »  quit^'  -inoul  n* 
in  their  h  doits.  They  iiv<e  in  cylind  ical  hoi  s,  which  ti.ey 
burrow  ])LTi)endi  ularly  into  th  '  (\arth  to  a  depth  of  s  voral 
inches.  Stationed  at  the  n:onth  ol'  these  (  xc  ivati  )ns,  win  h 
are  entir  dy  tilled  with  th'e  •  h  .i -  y  h  -ads.  ^  ey  remain  until 
s(  ni  '  ins<^(  t  ap|  r  )iu^h^-s,  whi -h  th»  y  suddenlx  s^'ize  and  cai-- 
rv  to  the  b r)t1om  to  eat  at  lei^nn*. 

1  he  im;:go  also  i  as  this  hal  it  of  seizing  its  pi'ay  uni  wares. 

1  have  seen  them  captur  >  avni  convey  to  the  hottom  of 
the  h.<de  insects  much  la  gcr  nnd  apparently  strcn.'er  than 
themselves,  thon<>h  n^t  aianed  \Aith  su(di  sharp  manddd  's  as 
the  tigcr-heetle   possesses. 

A  faro-e  sjdder  is  often  fcnmd  whire  ( 'i'-in  hde  a')  nmd, 
whi(di  T  haA^e  frequently  obs  m*v(  d  descend  o  t  of  si;,h  mo 
the  hole^  of  th  '  beetles,  in  their  ahsence.  To  ;d^  ai)j)ei.r..iiee>, 
this  s.  i  er  waits  until  a  tii>'erd)eeth'  cut'  r^  the  hole,  and  then 
seizinu'  it,  devours  it  and  deposits  the  she'l  at  the  en  ranee.. 
Th'  spider  a'so  att  cks  the  he^'th'  on  open  ground,  and,  be- 
i  JO  fjuickcr  in  its  moMinents  t  laii  the  t'g  r  beetle.  1  ha\eseen 
one  wh>  Iv  V  nv«'|op(Ml  1  y  the  l-Lsofthe  spider,  strug.ul  ng 
to  get  free. 


iiosrox  zo<»r.()cu('AL  socu/rv.  9. 

gem-:ral  notes. 

TUK  RED   FOX  IN'  KAXDOi.PK,   MASS.  Lfisf  July,    while   I 

was  Avalking  in  the  I\aii(Iolj)]i  woods.  I  noticed  a  red  fox 
(VULPE8  vrLGARis).  \\  li '11  it  perceived  me  it  took  Hight, 
and  soon  disappeared.  It  is  the  first  sj)ocinien  of  tliis  spc(  ies 
I  have  ever  observed  nrar  Boston,  although  it  has  been  known 

to  OCCnr.        B.  Hay  ward. 

CARIBOU  AT  RANGELEY,  ME.  Numbeisof  cari])on  have 
been  s  en  in  Eai^geley  (Me)  neighborhood  hitely.  One  \va^ 
!  hot  near  the  Cnjjsiiptue  Kiver  a  shoit  time  since.  The  horns 
m(  asi  rjd  some  three  feet  apart,  and  branched  ont  Vv^onder- 
fnlly  i  1  many  points.  The  meat  weighed  nearly  four  hi.nd- 
red    p'Jdiids.     A  S. 

LATE  DATE    FOR  PARULA  AM    RICAXA,  On    Xovember 

19,  1881  I  shot  a  Bine  Velh  w-baeked  War!  ler  (parula  am-, 
ericana)  on  an  ajjple  tree  near  my  house  in  Cambri  Ige,  it 
was  crawling  j^bont  the  ti-nnk  like  the  Brown  (Jreei)er  (cer- 

THIA  FAMILIAins).       rLH.SohJ. 

A   NOTE   ON  TiiE    w  Hrp-1  ooR-wiLL.  The  fifteenth  of 

last  May,  about  dask,  I  observ^ed  a  specimen  of  the  Whip-poor- 
will  (axtrostomus  \  oci.ERL  sj  a.iglit  up  jn  the  dead  limb 
(  fan  o  dv  tree.  Afiei  ren.aining-  there  for  a  few  seconds,  it 
siretched  itself  ou:  to  itsfnll  length,  inffitd  up  the  feathers  ot 
its  xh'vk,  and  uttered  its  familial  no.e.  Occasionally  it  stop- 
})e<l,  and  in  a(juick  and  nervous  manner  d.u'ted.  afier  seme  ins- 
ect which  it  had  det  cted,  caught  itAvith  a  loud  click  of  its  bill 
and  returned  to  the  brauclt  wh  cj  it  liad  l^^ft.     R.  Haijiuard. 

OPHIB  )Ll  S  TKlAN^.l  l.l  8  TAKIN(r  li.  Fl    iE   UNDER  AVATER. 

KiiXi\  in  May  whil-  walking  i  r^iLUid  iicard  s  Pond  at  Vv ;  y- 
hmi  M.is.->.,  i  oUsei  veJ  a  .-m  ill  Checkered  Adder  (ophibolus 
TRJAN(. DLL's)  in  aboiit  one  foot  of  water.  I  had  some  dili- 
cLiltv    in   captir.nu"  iu  a-   u   swam  jdoiio-  near  the   b<  t    m. 


10.  THE   JOURNAL    OF    THE 

When3ver  I  disturbed  the  water,  it  swam  into  the  m  iddy  wat- 
er that  I   hid  roiled.       //.  Savage. 

,  WHERE  FROas  GO  IX  WFXTER.  U])on  baili'^g  out  the  spr'm<rs 
frogs  are  (ouikI  ini(h'!  ^toiu^s  e'os'  1o  the  fViUiilain  h'^ad;  they 
coine  out  bri^^ht  and  hv  h  nnd  of  a  natu  •  i1  e(^  ha* .  The  sever- 
al s])eri(^s  of  froi>s  as  well  ns  different  kinr^s  of  srakes  a'*e  of- 
ten   found  to  Ihi'numl^er  of  one  hun^'red  in  tlie  same  s]  ring. 

A.O.Atdhnnii, 

SKLENOPHOR17S  ELLIPTIC'^S  AT  XAXTUCKET       III  Julv   [88.\ 

while  passing  a  sho -t  time  at  Nantucket  Ma-s.,  1  captined 
under  a  sto  e  on  the  commons,  fonr  specimens  of  selenoimi- 
ORUS  ellipticus.  This  sp(x*ies  I  understand  is  raiv  in  Mas- 
sachusetts.     R.  Hai/wqrd. 

A  PLANT  destructive  TO  REES.  Til '  1  irg-^  pod  led  milk 
weed  (asclepias)  almost  invariably  can  e-;  death  to  eve  y 
bee  alightino;-  upon  it.  The  bee  either  adheres  to  the  plant,  or 
ese  bears  away  a  small  scale  sticking  to  its  feet,  and  cripples 
itself  fatally  in  attempting  to  r^nnove  the  annoyance.     -4.6'. 

Anfhony. 

THE  BLACK  FORM  OF   CICINDELA  PURPUREA  IX  NEW  HAMP 

SHIRE  While  at  AYilton,   T^.H.,  duiing  the  summer  of 

1880,  1  took  two  spec'imens  of  the  black  form  of  cicini>ela 
PURPUREA  This  form  though  rare  in  New  Eng'and  is  commdn 
in  the  West.     H,  Savage. 


OFFICEES  OF  THE  SOCIETY 

1881-82. 

President 

Henry  Savage. 

Secretary 

Roland  Hay  ward. 

Treafiurer 

Arthur  C.  Anthony. 


w    •       / 


/ 


THE 

Quarterly  Journal 


OF    THE 


Boston  Zoological  Society. 


Vol.  i.-APRIL,  1882 -]N"o.  2. 


Page 

THE    ANNUAL    MEETING.  11 

COLLECTING  STYLOPIDJE.  By  E.  P.  Austin.  12 
NOTES    ON   THE    HABITS    AND    DISTRIBUTION    OF   THE 

MASSACHUSETTS   RODENTIA.      By  Roland  Hay  ward.  13 

NEW  ENGLAND  PHILAMPELI.  By  Arthur  C.  AntJiony.  18 
THE  KABER  BIRDS  OF  MASSACHUSETTS.       (Continued.) 

By  Arthur  P.  Chadhourne.  ^^' 
GENERAL    HABITS  OF  THE  NEW  ENGLAND  DYTlSCID^Ij]. 

By  Henry  Savaye,  ^4 

GENERAL   NOTES. 

Red  Sqiiii-rel  Swimmiug;  Dendraca  pivus  in  Winter;   Abnoi-mal  Egg  of  the  Song 
Sparrow;  Another  Spotted  Egg  of  Empidonax  minimtis;  EuUenia  sirtalis  S\\a\- 


lowins 


w;  v\noiner  ^pocteci  Ji,gg  or  ii,mpiaonax  minimus;  n-uue 
its  Young;  HydrophUus  trianguhis  at  Swampscott,  Mass. 


Boston,  Mass.  : 
published  by  the  society, 


THE  QUARTERLY  J0UR:N^AL 

OF   THE 

BOSTOJS"    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY. 

A  MAGAZINE  DEVOTED  TO  THE  STUDY  OF  AMERICAN  ZOOLOGY, 
ESPECIALLY    THE    VERTEBRATA    AND    INSECTA. 

Editk  1)  HY  ARTHUE  P.  CHADBOl  KXE  an<l  A.  C.  AXTHOXV. 

TERMS. 
For  oue  year,  (postage  paid,)  50  cts.  in  advance. 

**     **     copy,  *'  ''  15    " 

All  remittances  should  be  sent  to  the  Treasurer,  A.  C.  Anthony. 
All   communications  should   reach    the    Editors    at   least  two 
months  before  the  publication  of  the  number  in   which  they  are 
intended  to  appear. 

Address  ; 
Boston  Zoological  Society, 

285  Marlboro'  Street, 

Boston,  Mass. 

ADVERTISING  RATES.— First  insertion,  20  cents  a  line 
(Pica);  %5.00  j)er  page;  $3.00  per  half  page.  A  discount  of 
twenty  per  cent  for  each  subsequent  insertion. 


The  Journal 

OF    THE 

Boston  Zoological  Society. 
YoL  L  April,  1882,  No,  2, 

THE   AN]SrUAL  MEETING. 

From  the  Secretary's  Record  Boole, 

The  Second  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society  was  held 
at  431  Beacon  Street,  on  Saturday  evening,  January  14, 
1882.  After  the  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  had  been  read 
and  approved,  several  by-laws  were  passed  and  the  con- 
stitution was  revised,  various  articles  being  added  and 
others  omitted. 

The  Society  then  listened  to  the  reports  of  the  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer.  The  report  of  the  former  showed 
that  eleven  meetings  had  been  held  and  one  new  member 
elected  since  the  last  Annual  Meeting.  "  During  the  past 
year  the  Society  has  been  advancing  with  rapid  strides. 
When  we  compare  the  first  meeting,  held  but  a  little  over 
a  year  ago,  with  the  last  one,  we  can  readily  perceive  the 
difference;  and  when  we  look  at  what  the  Society  has 
attained,  and  compare  what  it  was  with  what  it  is,  we  feel 
that  our  progress  has  been  indeed  encouraging." 

The  report  of  the  Treasurer  showed  that  the  finances 
of  the  Society  were  increasing,  although  in  this  depart- 
ment there  is  room  for  improvement. 

The  next  business  of  the  evening  was  the  election  of 
officers  for  the  ensuing  year.  The  Secretary  was  author- 
ized to  collect  and  count  the  ballots,  and  announced  the 
election  of  the  following  ofiicers : 

Peesident:  Henry  Savage. 
Secretary:  Roland  Hay  ward. 
Treasueek:  Arthur  C.  Anthony. 

As  there  was  no  other  business  to  come  before  the 
Society,  the  meeting  adjourned  until  January  21,  1882. 


12  THE    JOURNAL  OF    THE 

COLLECTING    STYLOPID^. 
By  E,  P.  Austin, 

There  are  certain  degraded  forms  of  Coleoptera  which 
are  found  as  parasites  on  other  insects,  and  which  are 
therefore  very  rarely  found  in  collections,  although  they 
are,  no  doubt,  not  rare  in  certain  localities,  and  it  only 
requires  a  little  careful  collecting  to  secure  them.  The 
StyloijidcB  are  found  in  the  bodies  of  Hymenoptera,  Two 
genera  occur  in  the  United  States,  one  of  which  [^enos) 
is  sometimes  quite  abundant  in  the  common  paper  wasp 
(Polistes  metrica.) 

On  August  20,  1879,  while  collecting  in  the  vicinity  of 
Readville,  Mass.,  my  attention  was  called  to  a  wasp  which 
had  a  distorted  abdomen.  When  I  captured  it,  it  proved 
to  be  "  stylopized,"  and  contained  no  less  than  seven 
specimens,  although  several  had  made  their  escape. 

It  may  be  of  some  interest  to  give  the  result  of  my 
captures  that  day.  Of  fourteen  male  wasps,  two  were 
'^  stylopized,"  and  of  thirty-six  females  seven  were  "  stylo- 
pized."  Besides  these  I  caught  about  twenty  additional 
specimens  which  I  released,  after  examining  them.  It 
will  be  seen  that  a  considerably  larger  percentage  of  the 
females  than  of  the  males  were  infested.  But  when  we 
come  to  the  number  of  the  specimens  of  Xenos  the  dis- 
proportion is  very  much  greater.  Of  the  seven  female 
wasps  taken,  three  escaped  from  the  box  in  which  I  had 
them;  of  the  four  remaining,  one  contained  a  single  female 
Xenos,  the  second  a  male  only,  the  third  two  males,  and 
the  fourth  no  less  than  seven  males.  It  will  be  seen  by 
this  that  the  number  of  male  Xenos  is  very  much  greater 
than  that  of  the  females,  there  being  eleven  of  the  former 
but  only  two  of  the  latter. 

The  female,  which  never  leaves  the  body  of  the  wasp, 
has  a  very  thin  flat  head  and  does  not  cause  as  much 
distortion  as  the  male,  so  it  is  possible  that  one  or  more 
females  may  have  been  overlooked  in  a  cursory  examina- 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  13 

tion,  but  the   actual  number  of  males  is  no  doubt  much 
greater  than  that  of  the  females. 

The  other  genus  of  StylopidcB  (Stylops)  is  found  in 
bees  of  the  family  AndrenidcE^  which  are  similar  in  ap- 
pearance to  the  Common  Honey  Bee  {Apis  mellifica^ 
but  are  smaller  and  make  burrows  in  the  sand.  They 
may  be  found  in  the  spring,  but  from  the  middle  of  April 
to  the  first  or  middle  of  May  is  the  best  time  to  look  for 
them.  The  bees,  if  taken,  can  be  kept  for  some  time  alive, 
thus  giving  time  for  the  Stylops  to  develop. 

IS^OTES  O^  THE  HABITS  AND  DISTRIBUTION 

OF  THE  MASSACHUSETTS  BO  DENT  I  A. 

By  Roland  Hay  ward. 

In  the  following  article  on  the  Rodentia  of  Massachu- 
setts, I  have  endeavored  to  give,  as  fully  as  my  space  will 
permit,  the  habits  of  this  interesting  order  of  Mammalia. 
As  the  name  of  the  article  implies,  no  description  of  the 
animals  is  given,  but  it  is  entirely  confined  to  their  habits 
and  distribution. 

The  Rodentia  of  this  state  number  eighteen  species,  and 
are  embraced  in  five  families  and  eleven  genera. 

SGIURIDJEJ.     {Squirrels.) 

1.  SciUROPTERUS  VOLUCELLA  Gcoff.  Commou  Fly- 
ing Squirrel.  A  common  spiecies,  but  on  account  of  its 
nocturnal  habits  it  is  seldom  seen.  It  is  very  generally 
distributed,  being  found  throughout  the  greater  part  of 
North  America.  Its  nest  is  a  very  interesting  structure, 
being  usually  placed  in  some  hollow  stump,  and  is  formed 
of  grasses,  hair,  pliable  bark  and  other  soft  materials,  the 
whole  rather  carelessly  and  loosely  put  together. 

2.  SciURUS  CAROLiNENSTS  Auct.  Gray  Squirrel.  Eath- 
er  common,  but  locally  so.  It  is  found  in  the  less  culti- 
vated portions  of  the  state,  and  inhabits  thickly  wooded 


14  THE  jour:n^al  of  the 

districts  in  preference  to  more  settled  places.     It  seems  to 
have  a  decided  fondness  for  oak  woods. 

The  Gray  Sqnirrel  is  the  largest  and  handsomest  of  our 
Squirrels  and  is  much  sought  after  as  a  pet.  It  seldom 
constructs  its  own  nest,  but  selects  the  deserted  one  of 
some  hawk  or  crow,  which  it  adapts  to  its  own  use.  When, 
however,  this  species  makes  a  nest  for  itself,  it  does  so  in 
a  rough  and  careless  manner,  employing  in  the  construc- 
tion sticks,  pliable  bark,  etc.  The  young  are  reared  in 
May.  The  Red-tailed  Hawk  (Buteo  horealis)  is  said  to 
prey  on  this  species  to  a  considerable  extent. 

3.  SciUTius  HUDSONius  Pallas.  Red  Squirrel.  This 
species  is  rather  more  abundant  than  the  preceding,  and 
is  more  northerly  in  its  distribution.  It  is  more  familiar 
and  not  so  solitary  in  its  habits,  being  found  frequently  in 
the  immediate  neighborhood  of  the  dwellings  of  man,  and 
sometimes  making  its  habitations  and  rearing  its  young  in 
barns  and  other  outbuildings. 

4.  SciURUS  CINEREUS  Liuu.  Fox  Squirrel.  A  very  rare 
species,  of  irregular  occurrence,  being  nothing  more  than 
a  straggler  here.  It  is  said  to  occur  abundantly  in  the 
hickory  woods  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  and  is  usually 
found  farther  South  than  Massachusetts. 

5.  Tamias  striatus  Linn.  Striped  Squirrel  or  Chip- 
munk. Our  commonest  Squirrel.  It  is  likewise  our 
smallest  and  most  familiar  species,  generally  occurring  in 
the  vicinity  of  cultivated  estates,  and  seldom  seeking  the 
solitude  of  the  deep  woods.  The  nest  is  made  in  or  under 
loose  stone  walls,  in  holes  in  trees,  and  other  similar  situ- 
ations. 

6.  Arctomys  iMONAx  Gmelin.  Woodchuck.  A  very 
abundant  and  well  known  species,  occurring  in  great  num- 
bers throughout  all  our  pasture  land.  It  is  somewhat  noc- 
turnal in  its  habits.  It  makes  its  burrows,  to  which  there 
are  generally  two  entrances,  at  the  foot  of  trees  and  at 
the  base  of  stone  walls.  When  cornered  the  Wood- 
chuck  fights  desperately,  and  often  becomes  troublesome 
by  carrying  off  young  chickens. 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  15 

ZAFOBIBM  {Jumping  Mice.) 

7.  Jaculus  hudsonius  Cones.  Jumping  Mouse. 
This  species,  though  far  from  rare,  is  by  no  means  numer- 
ous in  this  state.  It  makes  its  nest,  in  which  to  rear  its 
young,  under  logs  and  in  Hke  situations;  the  burrow  not 
exceeding  six  inches  in  depth.  In  winter,  however,  it 
probably  makes  a  much  deeper  one. 

MURIBM  (Mice.) 

8.  Mus  RATTUS  Linn.  Black  Eat.  A  locally  abun- 
dant species,  which,  though  generally  rare  near  the  sea- 
board, is  more  common  inland.  It  is  an  imported  species, 
and  was  introduced  into  this  country  from  the  Old  World 
before  the  I^orway  Rat  (Mus  decumanus,)  which  is  its 
mortal  enemy. 

9.  Mus  DECUMANUS  Pallas.  Norway  Rat.  A  very 
common  and  well  known  species.  More  abundant  in  the 
Eastern  than  in  the  Western  portion  of  the  state.  In 
many  of  the  cities  on  the  sea-coast  it  is  supplanting  the 
Black  Rat  {Mas  rattus.)  It  is  our  largest  and  most  inju- 
rious species  of  Mus,  and  not  only  commits  havoc  in  our 
larders  and  granaries,  but  also  does  a  great  deal  of  dam- 
age in  poultry  yards,  carrying  off  numbers  of  young 
chickens  and  sucking  their  blood. 

10.  Mus  MuscuLus  Linn.  Common  House  Mouse.  This 
species  is  so  well  known  that  many  remarks  on  either  its 
habits  or  distribution  would  be  superfluous.  It  will  be 
sufficient  to  state,  that  like  the  two  preceding,  it  is  an  im- 
ported species  and  has  introduced  itself  into  almost  every 
town  and  village. 

11.  Hesperomys  LEUcopus  Le  C.  White-footed  Mouse. 
An  abundant  species.  Found  throughout  the  fields  and 
woods.  On  the  approach  of  winter  it  retires  into  holes 
in  stumps,  and  there  having  constructed  its  nest,  hiber- 
nates in  a  half  torpid  state. 

12.  EvoTOiMYS  GAPPERi  Vigors.    Red-backed  Mouse. 


16  THE   JOURNAL   OF   THE 

'  Generally  rare,  although  said  to  occur  not  unfrequently  in 
certain  localities  in  Eastern  Massachusetts.  Mr.  J.  W.  P. 
Jenks  of  Micldleboro  has  taken  quite  a  number  in  that 
place,*  and  Mr.  J.  A.  Allen  states  that  there  are  several 
specimens  from  the  neighborhood  of  Cambridge,  Mass., 
in  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology.f 

13.  Arvicola  rip  aria  Ord.  Field  Mouse.  An  abun- 
dant species;  at  times  exceedingly  so.  It  often  proves 
itself  very  injurious  by  girdling  apple  and  other  fruit 
trees,  as  well  as  young  pitch  pines  {Pinus  rigida  Linn.) 

This  species  is  generally  more  abundant  after  a  winter 
in  which  there  has  been  a  great  deal  of  snow,  as  they  are 
kept  warm  thereby  and  few  consequently  perish  from  the 
cold.  After  an  open  winter  they  generally  decrease,  as 
the  burrows  are  too  shallow  to  protect  them  from  being 
frozen.  They  occur  almost  everywhere  from  the  most 
sandy  fields  to  swampy  meadows.  In  hay-fields  the  Field 
Mouse  forms  burrows  extending  for  a  considerable  dis- 
tance under  the  roots  of  the  grass.  Its  habits  however 
vary  with  circumstances.  In  grain  fields  it  extends  its 
burrows  beneath  the  surface. 

There  are  said  to  be  at  least  three  litters  raised  in  a 
season,  and  nests  are  often  found  with  yonng  mice  in  them 
irom  May  until  October  or  ]Srovember.  The  light  variety 
of  this  species,  described  by  Prof.  S.  F.  Baird,  under  the 
name  of  Arvicola  hreweri^  J  has  been  found  by  Mr.  Allen 
at  Muskeget  Island  and  at  the  Ipswich  Sand-hills. 

14c.  Arvicola  pinetorum  And.  and  Bach.  Pine  Mouse . 
The  occurrence  of  this  rare  species  in  this  state,  is  based 
on  two  specimens  taken  in  May,  1868,  at  Springfield, 
Mass.,  by  Messrs.  E.  and  J.  A.  Allen.  It  is  more  abun- 
dant farther  south. 

*  Baird:  N.  Am.  Mam.  p.  521. 

t  Bull.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool.    Vol.  1,  No.  8,  p.  231. 

X  N.  Am.  Mam.  pp.  525-526. 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  17 

15.  Fiber  zibethicus,  Cuv.  Muskrat.  This  is  an 
abundant  and  well  known  species  occurring  throughout 
the  state.  It  is  a  peculiar  looking  animal,  and  the  largest 
of  our  Mw^idce.  On  the  approach  of  cold  weather  it  has 
the  interesting  habit  of  building  large  dams,  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  beaver,  in  the  rivers  which  it  inhabits. 
These  structures  are  always  conical  in  shape,  and  inva- 
riably protrude  a  little  distance  from  the  water.  Great 
numbers  of  them  can  often  be  seen  in  the  same  stream. 
By  many  the  appearance  of  these  "  dams  "  is  thought  to 
indicate  a  cold  winter,  Nearly  black  individuals  of  this 
species  are  occasionally  taken,  although  such  variations 
from  the  usual  color  are  of  rare  occurrence. 


8PALAC0P0DIDJE.     {American  Porcupines.) 

16.  Erethizon  dorsatus  F.  Cuvier.  White-haired 
Porcupine.  This  species  is  now  probably  nearly  extinct 
in  Massachusetts.  Mr.  Allen  gives  it  as  "  occasional  on 
the  Hoosac  ranges."     I  have  never  seen  it  in  this  state. 

In  various  parts  of  Northern  New  England  the  Porcu- 
pine occurs  abundantly,  and  in  the  less  settled  districts 
appears  to  supplant  the  rat.  It  frequently  infests  old  and 
deserted  houses,  and,  as  its  teeth  are  very  powerful,  does 
considerable  damage  by  gnawing.  The  sound  it  makes 
when  so  doing  is  very  loud.  It  is  nocturnal  in  its  habits, 
and  during  the  day  lies  concealed  in  hollow  logs  or  in 
holes  in  trees,  not  leaving  its  hiding  place  until  well  into 
the  evening,  generally  not  until  nine  or  ten  o'clock,  and 
ceasing  its  depredations  some  time  before  daybreak.  In 
Northern  Vermont  I  have  seen  houses  where  the  steps 
have  been  entirely  gnawed  away  by  these  animals. 

The  quills  which  cover  their  backs  have  always  been 
celebrated.  They  vary  in  color  from  black  to  different 
shades  of  gray  and  even  white,  are  very  sharp,  more  or 
less  barbed  at  the  point,  and  so  resisting  that  I  have  known 
a  bullet  to  glance  from  the  backs  of  the  animals. 


18  THE   JOURNAL    OF    THE 

LEFOBIDM,     {Hares,) 

17.  Lepus  sylvaticus  Bach.  Gray  Rabbit.  An 
abundant  species  in  most  parts  of  the  state.  I  have 
noticed  that  it  is  growing  less  common  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Boston ;  probably  on  account  of  its  persecution 
by  sportsmen.  During  the  past  five  or  six  years,  I  have 
seen  about  twice  that  number  of  specimens  in  this  vicinity, 
but  during  the  past  year  I  have  observed  but  one.  The 
fur  of  this  species  is  never  white  in  winter. 

18.  Lepus  americanus  ErxJ.  White  Rabbit.  This 
species  is  less  abundant  than  the  preceding  in  most  parts 
of  the  state.  Mr.  Allen  states  that  it  is  "rare  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  Springfield,  though  numerous  at  local- 
ities less  than  ten  miles  distant,  in  several  directions."  I 
have  never  observed  it  near  Boston.  The  fur  is  white  in 
winter. 

NEW  ENGLAND  PHILAMPELL 
By  A,  C.  Anthony. 

The  body  of  the  species  of  this  genus  is  large  and  thick. 
The  head  and  eyes  rather  large  and  prominent;  the  tongue 
as  long  as  the  body.  The  abdomen  is  more  than  twice 
the  leno:th  of  the  thorax  which  is  thick.  The  legs  are  long 
and  thick.  The  chrysalis  is  brown,  has  no  tongue  case,  and 
measures  about  an  inch  and  a  half  in  length.  The  pupa 
which  is  inclosed  is  of  a  creamy  color,  and  all  the  parts 
are  distinctly  visible ;  in  the  latter  stages  of  this  state  the 
wings  are  colored  as  in  the  mature  insect. 

In  P.  satellitia  Linn,  (pandorus  Hubn.)  the  head 
and  middle  of  the  thorax  are  pale  green,  the  abdomen  pale 
brown  tinged  with  green,  and  a  dark  patch  on  each  side. 
It  expands  from  four  to  five  inches;  anterior  wings  shaded 
with  pale  green  and  deep  olive,  with  a  nearly  square  patch 
on  the  inner  margin  shaded  to  the  base.  Posterior  wings 
pale  green,  with  a  large,  round,  black  patch  near  the  mid- 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  19 

die.  The  mature  larva  or  caterpillar  has  the  head  and 
body  pale  green,  deeper  on  the  sides,  variegated  with  dark 
green  spots. 

In  P.  achemon  the  body  is  fawn-color,  with  the  hinder 
parts  of  the  segments  white.  The  anterior  wings  are 
about  the  same  color  as  the  body,  with  a  number  of  dark 
brown  spots  near  the  edges;  the  posterior  are  pink  with 
several  reddish  brown  streaks;  the  under  surface  is  roseate. 
The  mature  larva  is  light  green,  varying  to  pale  reddish 
brown,  with  six  cream  colored  spots  on  each  side,  and  has 
a  tubercle  in  place  of  a  caudal  horn,  which  is  gradually 
dropped  as  the  insect  moults.  It  measures  from  two  to 
four  inches. 

While  at  rest,  the  head  and  first  three  segments  of  the 
caterpillars  of  both  species  are  withdrawn  within  the 
fourth  segment,  which  gives  them  a  very  peculiar  appear- 
ance. When  they  have  attained  the  full  size  they  con- 
sume great  quantities  of  the  leaves  of  the  woodbine, 
grape,  and  other  vines.  Crawling  from  the  vines  in 
August,  they  enter  the  earth  to  transform,  and  appear  in 
the  mature  or  moth  state  during  the  last  of  June  and  the 
first  of  July.  I  have  known  them,  when  confined,  to 
pupate  and  come  to  maturity  on  the  surface  of  the  ground. 
The  name  hawk-moth  is  given  them  in  the  mature  state, 
from  their  habit  of  hovering  in  the  air  while  taking  their 
food.  They  may  be  seen  during  the  twilight  flying  with 
great  swiftness  from  flower  to  flower,  the  honey  of  which 
they  extract.  In  this  operation  they  much  resemble  hum- 
ming birds,  for  which  they  are  often  mistaken. 

I  have  been  informed,  by  one  who  has  raised  a  number 
of  specimens,  that  a  certain  species  of  Tachina  is  para- 
sitic upon  these  moths  in  the  immature  state,  but  am  unable 
with  the  given  data  to  arrive  at  any  conclusion  as  to  the 
specific  name. 


20  THE    JOURNAL  OF   THE 

THE  EAEEE  BIRDS  OF  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Continued.) 

By  Arthur  P.  Cliadhourne, 

Vtreosylvta  PHIL adelphioa  :  Cambridge,  Septem- 
ber 7, 1875.  Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
I,  (1876)  p.  19. 

Magnolia,  Septeajber  18,  1879.  C.  W. 
Townsend,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  V,  (1880) 
p.  53. 

Brookltne,  September,  1880  ( ?)  Brew- 
ster, Bull.  ]N"uttall  Club,  yi,  (1881)  p.  5ij. 

Lanius  ludovicianus  :  W.  Newton,  October  21, 
1872.  Purdie,  Am.  Nat.,  VII,  (1874)  p.  115. 
Newtonville,  1874.  Maynard,  Am. 
Sportsman,  V,  (Feb.  13,  1875)  p.  313. 
Lynn,  November,  1877.  Allen,  Bull.  Es- 
sex Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  15. 
Brookline,  February,  1879.  Brewster, 
Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  YI,  (1881)  p.  55, 

Pyranga  ludoviciana:     Salem,    January  20,    1878. 
Brewer,  Forest  &  Stream,   (Mar.  14,  1878) 
p.  95. 
note:  Its  only  Massachusetts  record. 

Pyranga  Estiva:  Lynn,  April  21,  1852.  Putnam, 
Pro.  Essex  Inst,  I,  (1856)  p.  224.  {Two 
specimens.) 

Framingham,  May.  Allen,  Am.  Nat.,  Ill, 
(1870)  p.  578. 

SwAMPScoTT,  June,  1866.  Allen,  Bull. 
Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  15. 

JEgiothus  canescens  exilipes  :  Swampscott,  Novem- 
ber 16,  1878.  Jeffries,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
IV,  (1879)  p.  121. 

[Dr.  Brewer  mentions  another  specimen 
"  undoubtedly  referable  to  Massachusetts," 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  21 

Pro.  Best.  Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,    XX,    (1879) 
p.  27a] 

^GIOTHUS  BREWSTERI :      WaLTHAM,    NOVEMBER  1,  1870. 

Kidgway,  Am.  Nat.,  YI,  (1873)  p.  433. 

Crithagra  butyracea:  South  Scituate,  Februa- 
ry, 1879.  Brewer,  Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XX, 
(1879)  p.  271. 

note:  All  references  refer  to  this  specimen 
which  was  probably  once  a  cage-bird. 

[Carduelis  elegans:  Many  instances  of  its  capture, 
but  probably  all  escaped  cage-birds,  though 
it  may  have  become  naturalized.] 

Serinus      meridionalis  :       Springfield,     November. 
Allen,  Am.  Nat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  635. 
note:  "It  may  have  been  a  cage-bird  that 
had  escaped." 

Centrophanes  ornatus  :  Magnolia,  near  Glouces- 
ter, July  28,  1876.  Brewer,  Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  II,  (1877)  p.  78. 

Ammodromus  maritimus:  Naiiant,  August,  1877. 
Brewer,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  ( 1878)  p.  48. 

Chondestes  grammica:      Gloucester,  About   1815. 
Putnam,  Pro.  Essex  Inst,  I,  (1856)  p.  224. 
Newton viLLE,  November  25,  1877.     Pur- 
die,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  44. 
Magnolia,  August  27,  1879.     Townsend, 
Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  V,  (1880)  p.  53. 

Spizella  breweri:    Watertown,  December  15,  1873. 

Brewster,  Am.  Nat.,  VIII,  (1875)  p.  366. 
JuNco   OREGONus:       Watertown,   March    25,    1874. 

Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  I,  (1876)  p.  19. 
[Cardinalis  virglnianus:     This  species  has  been  often 

captured  here,  but  all  were  probably  once 

ca2fe-birds.] 


22  THE   JOURNAL    OF   THE 

GuiRACA  c^RULEA :  Brookline,  May  29, 1880.  Allen, 
Bull.  ivTuttall  Club,  y,  (1880)  p.  184. 

Calamospiza  bicolor:  Lynn,  December  5,  1877. 
Allen,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  48. 

Xanthrocephalus  icteroceph  ALUS :  Watertown, 
October  15,  1869.  Allen,  Am.  :N"at.,  Ill, 
(1870)  p.  636. 

Eastham,  September  10,  1877.  Allen, 
Bull.  Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  18.  [Two 
specimens  J  m^ing  three  in  all,) 

[QuiscALus  MAJOR  .*  Xo  fully  authenticated  instance  of  its 
capture.  See:  X.  E,  Bird  Life,  I,  (1881)  p. 
311;  and  Allen,  Am.  Xat,  III,  (1870)  p.  636.] 

CoRVUS  CORAX  CARNivoRUs:     It  undoubtcdl}^  occurred 
formerly,  but  the  only  recent  captures  are: 
Tyngsboro',     August,    1875.     Maynard, 
Rod  and  Gun,  VII,  (Oct.  30,  1875)  p.  Q5. 
WiLLTAMSTOWN,  1876.     Tcuuey,  Am.  Xat., 
XI,  (1878)  p.  243. 

[CoRVUS  ossiFRAGUs:  Seen  by  Mr.  Brewster  at  Cam- 
bridge, March  16,  1875.  (Bull.  Xuttall 
Club,  I,  (1876)  p.  19  )  It  has  not  yet  been 
actually  taken  here.] 

[Perisoreus  canadensis.  Xewtonville,  "  Early  in 
SUMMER."  Maynard,  Birds  Eastern  X.  A. 
Part  7,  (1878)  p.  I^S,  The  bird  though 
only  seen,  was  undoubtedly  of  this  species.] 

Tyrannus  dominicensis  :  Lynn,  Early  in  October, 
1869.  Allen,  Am.  Xat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  645. 

[TlIAUMATIAS      LINN^I:        CAMBRIDGE,      AuGUST,     1864. 

Maynard,  Guide,  (1877)  p.  128.  Xot  given 
in  the  recent  lists.  See:  B.  B.  &  E..,  X. 
Am.  Birds,  II,  (1874)  p.  468.] 

PiCOIDES  TRIDACTYLUS  AMERICANUS  :  LyNN,  DaTE  UN- 
KNOWN. Allen,  Am.  Xat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p. 
572.     ( Two  specimens^  male  and  female,) 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  19'^  ' 


die.  The  mature  larva  or  caterpillar  has  the  head  and 
body  pale  green,  deeper  on  the  sides,  variegated  with  dark 
green  spots. 

In  P.  achemon  the  body  is  fawn-color,  with  the  hinder 
parts  of  the  segments  white.  The  anterior  wings  are 
about  the  same  color  as  the  body,  with  a  number  of  dark 
brown  spots  near  the  edges;  the  jDOsterior  are  pink  ivith 
several  reddish  brown  streaks;  the  «nder  surface  is  roseate. 
The  mature  larva  is  light  green,  varying  to  pale  reddish 
brown,  with  six  cream  colored  spots  on  each  side,  and  has 
a  tubercle  in  place  of  a  caudal  horn,  which  is  gradually 
dropped  as  the  insect  moults.  Jt  measures  from  two  to 
four  inches. 

While  at  rest,  the  head  and  first  three  segments  of  the 
caterpillars  of  both  species  are  withdrawn  within  the 
fourth  segment,  which  gives  them  a  very  peculiar  appear- 
ance. When  they  have  attained  the  full  size  they  con- 
sume great  ^quantities  of  the  leaves  of  the  woodbine, 
grape,  and  other  vines.  Crawling  from  the  vines  in 
August,  they  enter  the  earth  to  transform,  and  appear  in 
the  mature  or  moth  state  during  the  last  of  June  and  the 
first  of  July.  I  have  known  them,  when  confined,  to 
pupate  and  come  to  maturity  on  the  surface  of  the  ground. 
The  name  hawk-moth  is  given  them  in  the  mature  state, 
from  their  habit  of  hovering  in  the  air  while  taking  their 
food.  They  may  be  seen  during  the  twilight  flying  with 
great  swiftness  from  flower  to  flower,  the  honey  of  which 
they  extract.  In  this  operation  they  much  resemble  hum- 
ming birds,  for  which  they  are  often  mistaken. 

I  have  been  informed,  by  one  who  has  raised  a  number 
of  specimens,  that  a  certain  species  of  Tacliina  is  para- 
sitic upon  these  moths  in  the  immature  state,  but  am  unable 
with  the  given  data  to  arrive  at  any  conclusion  as  to  the 
specific  name. 

B 


20  THB  JOURNAL  OF   THE 

THE  EAEEE  BIRDS  OP  MASSACHUSETTS. 

{Continued.') 

By  Arthur  P.  Chadhourne. 

VlREOSYLVIA  PHIL  ADELPHICA :  CAMBRIDGE,  SEPTEM- 
BER 7, 1875.  Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
I,  (1876)  p.  19. 

Magnolia,  September  18,  1879.  C.  W. 
Townsend,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  Y,  (1880) 
p.  53. 

Brookltne,  September,  1880  ( ?)  Brew- 
ster, Bull.  :N^uttall  Club,  yi,  (1881)  p.  m. 

Lanius  ludovicianus  :  W.  Newton,  October  21, 
1872.  Purdie,Am.Nat.,VII,  (1874)  p.  115. 
Newtonville,  1874.  Maynard,  Am. 
Sportsman,  V,  (Feb.  13,  1875)  p.  313. 
Lynn,  November,  1877.  Allen,  Bull.  Es- 
sex Tnst.,  X,  (1878)p.  15. 
Brookline,  February,  1879.  Brewster, 
Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  YI,  (1881)  p.  55. 

Pyranga  ludoviciana:     Salem,    January  20,    1878. 
Brewer,  Forest  &  Stream,   (Mar.  14,  1878) 
p.  95. 
NOTE :  Its  only  Massachusetts  record. 

Pyranga  estiva:  Lynn,  April  21,  1852.  Putnam, 
Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  I,  (1856)  p.  224.  {Two 
specimens.) 

Framingham,  May.  Allen,  Am.  Nat.,  Ill, 
(1870)  p.  578. 

SwAMPscoTT,  June,  1866.  Allen,  Bull. 
Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  15. 

^GIOTHUS  CANESCENS  EXILIPES  :  SWAMPSCOTT,  NOVEM- 
BER 16,  1878.  Jeffries,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
lY,  (1879)  p.  121. 

[Dr.  Brewer  mentions  another  specimen 
"  undoubtedly  referable  to  Massachusetts," 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    TOCIETY.  21 

Pro.'  Best.  Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,    XX,    (1879) 
p.  270.] 

_/EgIOTHUS  BREWSTERI :     WaLTHAM,    NOVEMBER  1,  1870. 

Eidgway,  Am.  Nat.,  VI,  (1873)  p.  433. 

Crithagra  butyracea:  South  Scituate,  Februa- 
ry, 1879.  Brewer,  Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XX, 
(1879)  p.  271. 

note:  All  references  refer  to  this  specimen 
which  was  probably  once  a  cage-bird. 

[Carduelis  elegans:  Many  instances  of  its  capture, 
but  probably  all  escaped  cage-birds,  though 
it  may  have  become  naturalized.] 

Serln^us      meridionalis  :       Springfield,     November. 
Allen,  Am.  Nat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  635.^ 
note:  "It  may  have  been  a  cage-bird  that 
had  escaped." 

Centrophanes  ornatus  :  Magnolia,  near  Glouces- 
ter, July  28,  1876.  Brewer,  Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  II,  (1877)  p.  78. 

Ammodromus  maritimus:  Nahant,  August,  1877. 
Brewer,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  ( 1878)  p.  48. 

Chondestes  grammica:      Gloucester,  About   1845. 
Putnam,  Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  I,  (1856)  p.  224. 
Newtonville,  November  25,  1877.     Pur- 
die,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  44. 
^  Magnolia,  August  27,  1879.     Townsend, 

Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  Y,  (1880)  p.  53. 

Spizella  BREWERi:   Watertown,  December  15,1873. 

Brewster,  Am.  Nat.,  VIII,  (1875)  p.  366. 
JuNCO   OREGONUs:       Watertown,   March    25,    1874. 

Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  I,  (1876)  p.  19. 
[Cardinalis  viRGiNiANUS:     This  species  has  been  often 

captured  here,  but  all  were  probably  once 

cage-birds.] 


22  THE   JOURNAL   OP   THE 

GuiRACA  c^RULEA :  Brookline,  May  29, 1880.  Allen, 
Bull.  N-uttall  Club,  Y,  (1880)  p.  184. 

Calamospiza  bicolor:  Lynn,  December  5,  18Z7. 
Allen,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  48. 

Xanthrocephalus  icterocephalus:  Watertown, 
October  15,  1869.  Allen,  Am.  ISTat.,  Ill, 
(1870)  p.  636. 

Eastham,  September  10,  1877.  Allen, 
Bull.  Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  18.  [Two 
specimens,  making  three  in  all.) 

[QuiscALus  MAJOR :  Xo  fully  authenticated  instance  of  its 
capture.  See:  X.  E,  Bird  Life,  I,  (1881)  p. 
311 ;  and  Allen,  Am.  Xat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  636.] 

CoRVUS  CORAX  CARNivoRUS:     It  Undoubtedly  occurred 
formerly,  but  the  only  recent  captures  are: 
Tyngsboro',     August,    1875.     Maynard, 
Rod  and  Gun,  VII,  (Oct.  30,  1875)  p.  Q5, 
WiLLTAMSTOWN,  1876.     Tcnucy,  Am.  Xat., 
XI,  (1878)  p.  243. 

[CoRVUS  ossiFRAGUs:  Seen  by  Mr.  Brewster  at  Cam- 
bridge, March  16,  1875.  (Bull.  Xuttall 
Club,  I,  (1876)  p.  19  )  It  has  not  yet  been 
actually  taken  here.] 

[Perisoreus  canadensis.  Xewtonville,  "  Early  in 
SUMMER."  Maynard,  Birds  Eastern  X.  A. 
Part  7,  (1878)  p.  168.  The  bird  though 
only  seen,  was  undoubtedly  of  this  species.] 

Tyrannus  dominicensis:  Lynn,  Early  in  October, 
1869.  Allen,  Am.  Xat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  645. 

[TlIAUMATIAS      LINN^i:        CAMBRIDGE,      AuGUST,     1864. 

Maynard,  Guide,  (1877)  p.  128.  Xot  given 
in  the  recent  lists.  See:  B.  B.  &  E.,  X. 
Am.  Birds,  II,  (1874)  p.  468.] 

PiCOIDES  TRIDACTYLUS  AMERICANUS  :  LyNN,  DaTE  UN- 
KNOWN. Allen,  Am.  Xat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p. 
572.     {Two  specimens,  male  and  female.) 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  23 

[Bosto:n"  Market,  Winter  of   1836.      B. 
13.  &  E.,  ]Sr.  Am.  Birds,  II,  (1874)  p.  534.] 

Sphyropicus  varius  nuchalis:  Cambridge,  Date  un- 
known. B.  B.  &  K.,  N.  Am.  Birds,  II, 
(1874)  p.  543. 

Centurus    carolinus:      [Springfield,  May   IB,  1863. 

Allen,  Pro.   Essex  Inst.,  IV,  (1864)  p.  53. 

(Only  seen.)'] 

IN'ewton,     ]N'ovember    25,    1880.      Plum- 

mer.  Bull.  J^uttall  Club,  VI,  (1881)  p.  120. 

note:    a  pair  were  seen  but  only  the  male 

secured, 

Coiiasset,  May  28,  1881.     Brewster,  Bull. 

^STuttall  Club,  VI,  (1881)  p.  183. 

Aluco    flammeus    americanus:     Lynn,  About  1864. 
Allen,  Am.  ^at.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  646. 
Springfield,  May,  1868.     Allen,  Pro.  Es- 
sex Inst.,  VI,  (1868)  p.  312. 

N'yctale  tengmalmi  richardsoni:  Springfield,  De- 
cember, 1859.  Allen,  Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  IV, 
(1864)  p.  52. 

Lynn,  1863.    Allen,  Am.  JSTat.,  Ill,  (1870) 
p.  646. 

]^EWTONViLLE, February26,  1879.  Brewer, 
Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XX,  (1879)  p.  272. 

Speotyto  cunicul aria  hypog^a  :  Xewburyport,  May 
5,  1875.  Deane,  Rod  and  Gun,  VI,  (May 
15,  1875)  p.  97. 

HiEROFALCO    GYRFALCO    OBSOLETUS I        BrEED's    IsLAND, 

October,  1876.     Cory,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
II,  (1877)  p.  27. 

[Elanoides  forficatus:  Seen  near  Whately.  Allen. 
Am.  Nat.,  Ill,  (1870)  p.  645.] 

Buteo  swAiNSONi:  Salem,  Winter  of  1871-2.  Allen, 
Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  22. 


24  THE    JOURNAL    OP    THE 

Wayland,  September  12, 1876.  Brewster, 
Bull.  ]^uttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  39. 

Aquila  chrysaetus  canadensis:  Once  common,  the 
latest  instance  of  its  occurrence  is,  I  believe : 
Fairhayen,  ^Noyember  21,  1873.  Allen, 
Bull.  Essex  Inst.,  X,  (1878)  p.  32. 

[Cathartes  aura:  "  Two  in  1863."  Samuels,  Agr.  Mass. 
Secretary's  Keport  (1863)  p.  XVIIL] 

(7V)  he  cnntimieO.) 


GENERAL  HABITS  OF  THE  XEW  ENGLAND 

DYTISCID^^, 

By    Henry    Savage. 

There  are  eighty-six  species  of  Dytiscidoi  in  Xew 
England.  The  largest  species,  DytiscAts  confiuens^  is  1.6 
inches  iu  length,  while  the  smallest  species,  Hydroporus 
co7ivexus,  measures  only  .1  of  an  inch  in  length. 

The  Dytiscidoe  are  very  much  like  the  Carahidce  in 
habits  and  formation.  At  least  nine  tenths  of  their  life  is 
spent  under  water. 

The  larvae  are  long  and  cyHndrical,  with  large  flat 
heads  and  powerful  jaws.  Their  food  consists  of  tadpoles, 
young  fish  and  aquatic  insects,  which  they  attack  with 
great  ferocity.  The  smaller  species  feed  principally  on 
the  larvae  of  mosquitos  and  other  aquatic  Diptera.  When 
ready  to  transform,  the  larva  creeps  upon  the  shore  and 
forms  an  oval  cell;  in  six  days  it  becomes  a  pupa,  and  in 
about  three  weeks  it  emerges  a  perfect  insect,  unless  in 
the  autumn,  in  which  case  it  hibernates.  The  Dytiscidce 
are  a  very  beneficial  family,  as  they  destroy  many  noxious 
insects. 

The  imago  is  oval  and  adapted  for  swimming.  The 
hind  legs,  which  are  used  for  that  purpose,  are  long  and 
thickly   covered  with  hairs.     In   certain    species   of  this 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  25 

family  the  elytra  of  the  females  are  grooved,  while  those 
of  the  males  are  smooth. 

Although  these  insects  kill  their  prey,  they  do  not  de- 
vour it,  but  obtain  their  nourishment  by  suction. 

The  Dytiscidoi  may  be  found  at  any  season  of  the  year. 
They  fly,  both  by  day  and  night,  from  one  pond  to  another. 
Were  it  not  for  this,  certain  ponds  might  become  over- 
stocked and  the  race  degenerate. 

Sometimes  in  winter  the  ice  is  speckled  with  these  in- 
sects which  emerge  through  the  cracks  to  fly,  but  falling 
on  the  ice  become  benumbed. 

When  on  the  land  the  movements  of  the  Dytiscidce  are 
clumsy  on  account  of  the  shortness  of  their  fore  legs. 
Their  motions  in  the  water  are  very  graceful,  swimming 
along  near  the  surface  and  at  times  diving.  Most  of  the 
DytiscidcB,  and  particularly  the  larger  species,  are  gre- 
garious. 

GENERAL  NOTES. 

Red  Squirrel  Swimming.  The  following  note  may  be 
of  interest:  On  March  3,  1878,  when  walking  near  a 
small  pond,  I  saw  a  Red  Squirrel  (Sciurus  liudsoniiis) 
come  to  the  opposite  bank.  It  entered  the  water  and 
swam  some  ten  or  fifteen  feet  to  an  old  elm  tree,  up  which 
it  climbed,  and  after  a  few  moments  came  down  and  swam 
ashore. 

I  have  never  heard  of  a  squirrel  taking  voluntarily  to 
the  water.     Arthur  P.  Chadhourne,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Dendrgeca  pinus  in  Winter.  Mr.  Brown  of  Framing- 
ham  saw  four  or  fiw^  Pine  Warblers  (^Dendroeca  pinus) 
in  that  place  on  December  5,  1881,  and  shot  one.  They 
were  in  company  w^ith  Chickadees  (Parus  atricajnllus) 
etc.  On  January  1,  1882,  I  saw  one  or  two  in  the  same 
place,  they  were  also  with  Chickadees  and  were  very  tame. 
The  locality  was  west  of  Framingham,  on  rather  high 
ground,  not  very  far  from  pine  trees. 


26  THE   JOUEN^AL    OF    THE 

The  birds  seen  by  Mr.  Brown  were  among  alders,  but 
those  I  saw  were  in  apple  trees  and  in  their  habits  greatly 
resembled  the  Chickadee.  Robert  W.  Hogg^  Boston, 
Mass. 

Abnormal  Egg  of  the  Song  Sparrow.  While  collect- 
ing at  Roxbury,  Mass.,  I  found  a  nest  of  the  Song  Spar- 
row (Melosjn^a  meloda)  with  six  eggs,  one  of  which  was 
pale  bluish  white,  w^ithout  markings,  and  of  the  usual  di- 
mensions while  the  others  were  perfectly  normal.  Henry 
Savage,  Boston,  Mass, 

Another  Spotted  Egg  of  Empidonax  minimus.  In 
the  Bulletin  of  the  Nuttall  Ornithological  Club  for  April, 
1879,  I  mentioned  a  spotted  Qg^  of  this  species,  which  I 
had  collected  at  Milton,  Mass.  In  the  following  July  I 
found  at  Marblehead,  Mass.,  a  nest  of  this  species  contain- 
ing three  eggs,  one  of  which  had  a  ring  of  light  brown 
spots  at  the  larger  end.  The  Qgg  was  of  natural  size  and 
the  rest  of  the  set  were  normal  in  every  respect.  R,  Hay- 
ward,  Bosto7i,  Mass, 

EUT^ENIA    SIRTALIS  Sw ALLOWING  ITS  YoUNG.       A  fcW 

years  ago  I  surprised  a  female  Striped  Snake  (Mutcenia 
sirtalis)  with  her  young  around  her.  When  she  saw  me 
she  opened  her  mouth  and  the  young  ones  quickly  disap- 
peared down  her  throat.  I  killed  her  and  on  cutting  her 
open  found  the  young,  of  which  I  think  there  were  live 
or  six. 

At  the  time  I  did  not  know  that  this  was  anything  un- 
usual, and  I  believe  that  there  is  still  some  doubt  on  this 
subject.     Arthur  P,  Chadhourne,  Cainbridge,  Mass, 

HiDROPHILUS  TRIANGULUS  AT  SWAMPSCOTT,  MaSS.       Ill 

the  summer  of  1879  I  took  a  specimen  of  this  species  on 
the  beach  at  Swampscott,  Mass.  It  is  rare  in  this 
state,  though  common  farther  to  the  north.  A,  C, 
Anthony,  Boston,  Mass, 


NEW  ENGLAND  BIRD  LIFE, 

Being  a  Manual  of  New  England  Ornithology.  Revised  and  edited 
from  the  manuscript  of  Winfrid  A.  Stearns,  member  of  the  Nutall  Ornitholog- 
ical Club,  etc.  By  Dr.  Elliott  CorES,  U.  S.  A.,  Member  of  the  Academy,  etc. 
Part  T.     Oscines  (Singing-Birds),  illustrated,  .^2.50. 

•'This  work  is  valuable  to  the  ornithologist,  containing  as  it  does  there- 
searches  and  accurate  notes  thereon  of  two  such  close  observers  of  the  habits 
of  birds  as  Professor  Stearns  and  Dr.  Coues ;  while  to  the  general  reader  it  is 
interesting  from  its  descriptions  of  the  songsters  whose  carols  have  so  often 
charmed  his  idle  hours.  This  volume  is  completed  with  an  index  of  the  com- 
mon and  scientific  names  of  the  birds  treated  upon." — Thf  Fiplrl.  Chinujo. 


IX  PRESS, 
By  the  same  Authors. 
NEW    ENGLAND    BIRD    LIFE. 
Part  II. 
The  First  Part  of  this  work  has  been  devoted  to  the  Singing  Birds,  techni- 
cally known  as  Oschie  (or  melodious)  Passeres. 

Part  Second  continues  directly  with  the  Clamatnrial  (or  non-melodious) 
Passeres,  represented  in  New  England,  as  they  are  elsewhere  in  North  America, 
by  the  single  family  Tyrannidre. 

Fullv  Illustrated.     S2.50. 


FIELD    BOTANY, 

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Instructions  for  Gathering  and  Preserving  Plants  and  the  Forma- 
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Botanical  writers,  as  a  rule,  appear  to  take  it  for  granted  that  the  student 
has  an  intuitive  knowledge  of  how  specimens  should  be  prepared  and  preserved, 
for  they  dismiss  the  subject  of  Collecting  and  the  Herbarium  in  as  few  words 
as  possible.  This  little  work,  like  its  predecessors  in  the  series,  is  to  render  as- 
sistance to  the  beginner. 


By  the  same  Author. 

INSECTS: 

How  TO  Catch   and  how  to  Prepare  them   foh   the  Cabinet. 

By  Walter  P.   Manton. 

Illustrated.    50  cents. 


TAXIDERMY 

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BOSTON,  Mass. 


THE 

Quarterly  Journal 


OF    THK 


Boston  Zoological  Society, 


Vol.  i.-JULY,  1882.-NO.  3. 


CONTEXTS. 


Page. 


NOTES    ON     CERTAIN     COLEOPTERA.      By  Fred  C. 

Bowdifch.  27 

NOTES    ON   THE   LARVAE    OF     CERTAIN    HETERO- 

CEROUS  LEPIDOPTERA.     By  Rev.  N.  Coleman.  28 

THE  RARER  BIRDS  OF  MASSACHUSETTS.  By  Ar- 
thur C.   Chadhouriie.  30 

NOTES    ON    THE   HABITS    AND    DISTRIBUTION    OF 

BOLITOTHERUS   BIFURCVS.     By  R.  Hayvard.  35 

GENERAL  NOTES.  — 

Baird's  Sandpiper  at  Marblehead,  Ma^s. ;  A  third  Specimen  of  the  Swallow-tailed  Gull 
{Xema  furcaium) ;  Two  Rare  Carabidae  from  Eastern  Massachusetts;  Cicindela 
ancocisconensis  (Harr.)  in  Vermont. 


BOSTON,    MASS. 
PUBLISHED     BY    THE     SOCIETY. 


THE   QUARTERLY   JOURNAL 

OF    THK 

BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL   SOCIETY. 

A    MAGAZINE    DEVOTED    TO    THE    STt  DV    OF    AM  EUR  AN    ZOOLOGY    ESPEC- 
IALLY   THE    VEKTEBIIATA     AND    INt^ECTA. 

Edited  by  ARTHUR  P.  CHADBOURNE  and  A.  C.  ANTHONY. 

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Address, 
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The  Journal 

OF    THE 

Boston  Zoological  Society. 
Vol,  1,  July,  1882,  No.  3, 

NOTES   OX    CERTAIN    COLEOPTER A. 
By  Fred.  (L  BowdUch. 

The  pretty  little  Eiicrada  hmneralis  Mels.  inhabits  the 
bark  of  our  eonmiori  red  and  black  oaks  and  beeches,  it 
spins  a  small,  oval,  tough  silken  cocoon  or  pod,  in  which  it 
passes  the  winter,  and  emerges  in  the  latter  part  of  May. 
In  beech  bark  (which  is  very  thin )  it  is  easy  to  find  the 
cocoons,  their  white  ends  showing  up  plainly  on  the  reverse 
side  of  the  bark  when  the  latter  is  stripped  off. 

During  the  past  winter  I  have  found  Dicerca  panctnlata 
Schon.  quite  common  among  the  debris  ;ind  chips  of  bark 
around  the  bases  of  yellow  pines  in  which  the  larva  bores; 
with  it  I  also  took  a,  specimen  of  Dicerca  (iHperata  Lep.,  and 
one  example  of  dhalcoplmra  inrginiensis  Dr.  Under  hick- 
orv  and  walnut  trees  1  have  in  like  manner  found  Dicerca 
lurlda  Fab.  nnd  Dicerca  dlve'rlcata  Sax.  1  am  strongly  of 
the  opinion  tliat  a  large  nund^er  of  our  Baprestlda^  hiber- 
nate in  this  manner;  and  finding  them  may  also  give  a  clue 
to  the  trees  they  infest  as  exampled  by  the  five  species  cited. 

Several  years  ago  1  sugared  extensively  for  moths.  In 
thie  middle  of  a  hot  day  in  July  hapj)ening  to  pass  one  of 
the  trees  on  which  the  sugar  had  been  spread  on  the  previ- 
ous night,  1  saw  feeding,  a  specimen  of  Purparlceuas  hu- 
meralw  Fab.    var.   axillaris    Hald.,    making    the   rounds  of 


28  THE  JOURNAL  OF  THE 

all  the  sugared  trees,  I  captured  about  a  dozeu  specimens. 
I  saw  several  fly  down  from  overhead  or  from  the  tops  of 
the  trees ;  and  this  coupled  Avith  the  fact  that  other  than  the 
above  I  have  seen  but  one  specimen  near  the  ground,  and 
that  one  flying  upwards,  leads  me  to  infer  that  the  species 
though  comparatively  common,  lives  among  the  tops  of  the 
trees  (hickories  and  walnuts)  and  rarely  comes  near  enough 
to  the  ground  to  be  captured  unless  allured  by  some  bait. 

One  of  my  correspondents  in  Ohio  to  whom  I  mentioned 
the  fact  told  me  he  had  captured  hundreds  of  Puyyurlcenus 
hum er alls  Fab.  imr.  humeraUs  on  sugar-cane  stumps.  The 
excessive  love  for  sugar  thus  shown  in  widely  separated 
localities  by  the  type  and  variety  strikes  me  as  quite  a 
curious  incident.  I  propose  to  further  investigate  this 
matter  durino-  the  comino:  season. 


NOTES   ON   THE   LARVAE   OF   CERTAIN    HETE- 
ROCEROUS  LEPWOPTERA. 

Btf   Her.  JV.  Coleindu. 

As  is  well  known,  the  early  brood  of  the  Codling-moth, 
Carpocapsa  pomonelhu  pass  through  all  their  changes  in  a 
comparatively  short  period,  while  the  late  brood  do  not 
produce  the  imago  till  the  next  spring.  It  is  not  so  well 
known,  probably,  that  the  late  brood  remain  in  the  larval 
state  till  spring.  From  some  observations  made  the  past 
season  it  seems  certain  that  this  is  the  case.  While  looking 
after  Canker-worm  moths,  November  29,  1881,  I  found  a 
cocoon  of  a  Codling-moth  under  a  piece  of  bark  on  an  apple 
tree ;  and  on  opening  it  the  larva  was  found  to  be  unchanged. 
Another  cocoon  was  found  April  25,  1882,  and  on  exam- 
ination  the   larva   in   this  was   still  unchanged.     Just  how 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  29 

iiiiieh  loiioer  it  would  have  continued  in  tlie  larval  state  is 
a  question  1  cannot  now  answer. 

The  finding  of  the  Codling-moth  larva  in  Noveud)er  led 
me  to  make  an  examination  of  some  pupa  cases  of  the  Squash- 
vine  ^geria,  ^geria  cucia^bita^,  and  1  found  the  larvae 
unchanged.  I  opened  some  cases  from  time  to  time  in 
December,  January  and  February.  Tn  April  I  opened 
the  last  case  I  had  to  use  and  no  change  had  occurred  up  to 
that  time.  Of  course  it  would  be  impossible  to  tell  when 
the  larvae  become  pupa^  unless  one  had  a  large  number  and 
could  make  the  examinations  often  up  to  the  time  of  the 
change. 

As  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  determine  there  is  but  one 
brood  of  these  caterpillars  in  a  season,  but  the  eggs  are 
laid  upon  the  vines  at  different  times,  as  might  be  inferred 
from  finding  larv^  in  all  stages  of  growth  at  the  same  time 
in  the  same  vine.  This  would  indicate  either  that  the  ima- 
go appears  at  different  periods  or  that  the  time  in  which 
the  moth  works  is  quite  extended. 

The  larvae  of  Arctia  isabeUa  are  black  in  their  early 
stages,  but  after  the  second  moulting  one  red  ring  appears 
— the  middle  one — and  one  more  at  each  successive  moult, 
first  forward,  then  back  of  that  earliest  appearing,  until  the 
normal  number  is  reached  when  no  more  moultings  take 
place. 

Sometimes  the  mature  larvjie  have  but  two  I'ed  rings; 
sometimes  but  two  red  tufts  in  each  of  the  two  middle 
rings,  or  even  only  three  red  tufts  in  all.  Again  they  appear 
wholly  red  except  a  black  tuft  at  each  extremitj %  or  one  at 
the  head,  and  two  at  the  caudal  segment.  As  nearly  as 
I  am  able  to  determine  now,  these  very  different  forms  pro- 
duce moths  differing  in  their  markings. 


30  THE  JOURNAL    OF   THE 

THE    RAKER    BIRDS    OF   MASSACHUSETTS, 

{(^oiK-htdprl.) 

By  Arthur  P,   Chadhourne. 

Cathartes  atrata:    Swampscott,    November,  1850.      S. 

JiLLSON,  Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  I,  (1856)  p.  228. 

Gloucester,    September    28.       Allen,    Pro. 

Essex  Inst.,  IV,  (1864)  p.  81. 

Hudson,  1868.     Allen,  km.  Nat.,  HI,  (1870) 

p.  646. 
Canace  canadensis:     Gloucester,   1851.     Pntnani,    Pro. 

Essex  Inst.,  I,  (1856)  p.  224. 

RoxBi^RY,  ABOUT  1865.     Allen,  Am.  Nat.  HI, 

(1870)  p.  636. 
Lagopus  albus:  Manchester,  May.  1859.     Putnam.    Fro. 

Essex  Inst,  H  (1859)  p.  878. 

Note:    May  have  been  an  escaped  cage-bird. 

See  Cones.  Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  V,  (1868)  p.  289. 
Florida    c^rulea:       Cohasset,    about    1870.       Brewer, 

Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XX,  (1879)  p.  272.    (The  only 

recent  mstance.) 
Nyctherodius  violaceus:  Lynn.  October,   1862.     Allen, 

Am.  Nat.,  HI,  (1870)  p.  687. 

Somerville,  July  80,  1878.    Brewster,  Bull. 

Nuttall  Club,    IV,   (1879)  p.  125. 
Plegadis    falcinellus:  The    recent   mstances  are:   Nan- 

Ti^cKET,  September,  1869.     Allen,  Am.  Nat., 

Ill,  (1870)  p.  687. 

Eastham,   Cape  Cod,  May  4,    1878.      Cory, 

Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  HI,  (1878)  p.  152. 

Orleans,  Cape  Cod,  May  5,  1878.     Brewer, 

Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  HI,  (1878)  p.  151. 


boston  zoological  society.  31 

East  Orleans.  Cape  Cod,  May  -j,  1878. 
Allen,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  152. 

MiCRORHAMPHUS  GRISEUS  SCOLOPACEUS :  EaSTIIAM,  .NOVEM- 
BER 2,  1878.  Brewer.  Bull.  Nuttall  Club. 
IV,  (187!))  p.  (U. 

Note.  The  only  recorded  capture  of  the 
western  variety  is,  I  believe,  that  given 
above,  but  it  probably  occurs  sparingly  in 
the  Hocks  of  M.  griseus. 

ACTODROMUS  BAlRDi:  Lo]NG  ISLAND.  BoSTON  HaRBOR.  AU- 
GUST 27,  1870.  Brewster,  Am.  Nat.,  VI, 
(1872)  p.  306. 

SwAMPSCOTT.  August  27. 1876.    Brewer,  Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  111,  (1878)  p.  140. 
[This   species  probably  occurs    much   oftener 
than  is  supposed  or  recorded.] 

Pelidxa  subarquata:  Nahant,  date  unknowx.     Deaxe, 
Bull.  Nuttall  Club.  IV,  (1870)  p.  124. 
Cape  Ann,    1865.     Samuel's,   Orn.  and  Ool. 
N.   E.   (1875)  p.    444.       (The   specimen   was 
found  in  the  market. ) 

Ipswich,  about    1875.       Brewer,    Pro.   Bost. 
Soc.    XVI,  (1875)  p.  441*). 
East  Boston,  early  in   May,  1871).     Brew- 
ster, Bull,  Nutfall  Club,  I,  (1876)  p.  51. 
Cape    Cod,    May    10,    1878.       Deane,    Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  IV,  (1870)  p.  124. 

Machetes  pugnax:  Newburyport  Marshes,  May-  20, 
1871.  Brewster,  Am.  Nat.,  VI,  ( 1872)  p.  306. 
Chatham,  September  11,  1880.  Forest  and 
Stream,  XV,  (1881 )  p.  186.     (Editorial.) 

ReCURVIROSTRA      AMERICANA,     LaKE       CoCUITUATE,     NaTICK^ 

October  19,  1880.  Purdie,  Bull.  Nuttall 
Club,  VI,  (1881)  p.  123. 


32  THE  JOURNAL    OF   THE 

[HiMANTOPUS  MEXiCAXUs:  Mr.  Maynard  says  in  his 
'^Giiide"  (p.  143)  that  it  is  occasionally  seen 
by  gunners,  and  Mr.  Allen  (Am.  Nat.,  Ill, 
(1870)  p.  (538)  speaks  of  two  specimens  seen 
in  Boston  Market  which  were  said  to  have 
been  killed  in  the  State.] 

Kallus  elegans:  Sudbury  Meadows,  date  unknown. 
Purdie,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  111,  (1878)  p.  146. 
Nahant,  November  21,  1875.  Purdie,  Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  II,  (1877)  p.  22 
Nahant,  Spring  of  1876.  Brewer,  Pro. 
Bost.  Soc,  XIX,  (1878)  p.  307. 
Note:  The  last  two  references  are  probably 
identical.  See  Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club, 
VI,  (1881)  p.  62. 

RaLLUS    LONGIROSTRIS    CREPITANS  I      BoSTON      HaRBOR,    MaY 

4,    1875.       Purdie,    Bull.    Nuttall    Club,    II, 

(1877)  p.  22. 

Note:  The  specimen  taken  in  ''Boston  Har- 
bor, May  1876"  (Brewer,  Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XIX, 

(1878)  p.  307)  is  identical  with  the  above. 
See  Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  YI,  (1881) 
p.  62. 

Gurnet  Point,  Plymouth,  October,  1879. 
Brewster,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  VI,  (1881) 
p.  62. 

PORZANA    JAMAICENSIS:      ClARK's    ISLAND,    PLYMOUTH     HaR- 

BOR,  August,  1869.  Purdie,  Bull.  Nuttall 
Club,  II,  (1877)  p.  22. 

[Streets  of  Boston,  about  September  20, 
1874.  Curtis,  Forest  and  Stream,  VllI, 
(1876)  129.     ''Frohabli/  this  Specie><r] 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  33 

loNORNis    martinica:      Stoneham,    November    27,    1837. 

Peabody,  Report  Orii.  Mass.  (1839)   p.  258. 

EocKPORT,    April    12,    1875.        Whiteman, 

Am.  Nat.,  IX,   (1875)  p.  573. 
[Nettiox  crecca:  Has   been   wrongly  stated   to   occur  in 

Massachusetts.        See    Brewer,    Bull.  Nuttall 

Club,  11,  (1877)  p.  4(1] 
Pelecaxus  erythrorhynchus  :  North  Scituate,  October, 

6,  1876.      Purdie,    Bull.    Nuttall     Club,    II, 

(1877)  p.  22. 
Pelecaxus    ruscus:    [Ipswich,    date    unkxowx.      Allen, 

Am.   Nat.,   Ill,   (1870)   p.   640.       Two  were 

Heen?\^ 

Naxtucket,   Date    unknown.      Allen,    Am. 

Nat.  Ill,  (1870)    p.    641.     {One  killed   from 
flock  of    tkirteen.) 

Note.     Wrongly  given  as  erythrorhynchus. 
Sula  leucogastra:  (Jape  Cod,  about  September  17, 1878, 

Brewer,  Pro.  Bost.  See,  XX,  (1879)  p.  277. 

[The    specimen    mentioned   by   Mr.    Putnam 

[Pro.  Essex  Inst.,  1,   (1856)  p.  221 )    was   an 

immature  S.  hassana.^ 
Rhynchops    nigra:     [Cape    Cod,  July    1605!!     Voyages 

of  Samuel    Champlain.  Vol.  II,    (1604-i610) 

p.  87.] 

Wood's    Holl,    date   uxkxowx.        Brewer, 

Pro.  Bost.  Soc,  XX,  (1879)   p.  277. 

Saxdwich,    Cape    Cod,  August    19,    1879. 

Deane,  Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  IV,  (1879)  p.  243. 

(  Three  sj^ecirnens. ) 

BosTOX  Harbor,  August  20,  1879     Deane, 

Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  IV,  (1879)  p.  243. 


34  the  journal  of  the 

Xema    sabinei:     Bostox    Harbor,    September  27,  1874. 

Brewster,  Am.  Sportsman,  V,  (Mar.  13, 1875) 

p.  370. 
Sterna  anglica:  Ipswich,  September,   1871.      Brewster, 

Am.  Nat.,  YI,  (1872 )   p.  306. 
Sterna  regia:  Nantucket,  July  1,  1874.    Brewster,  Am. 

Sportsman,  Y,  (1875)   p.  249. 

{A  male  and  female  shot.      They  ivere  prob- 

ahly  breeding, ) 
Sterna  cantuvca  acuflavida:  Chatham,  August,   1865. 

Allen,  Am.  Nat.  Ill,  (1870)  p.  644. 
Sterna    fuliginosa:    Williamstow^n,    September,    1876. 

Tenney,  Am.  Nat.,  XL  (1877)   p.  243. 

Lawrence,  October  29,  1876.     Deane,  Bull. 

Nuttall  Club,  II,  (1877)   p.  27. 

[Chatham,  September,   1877.     Brewer,  Pro. 

Bost.   Soe.,   XIX,    (1878)    p.    308.    '^Several 

Megalestris    skua:     Georges     Bank,    July     18,     1878. 

Brewer,  Bull.    Nuttall    Club,    111,    (1878)   p. 

188. 
Fulmarus  glacialis:  Georges  Bank,  October  28,    1878. 

Brewer,  Bull.    Nuttall    Club,    lY,    (1879)   p. 

64. 

PUFFINUS    BOREALIS:    CHATHAM    ISLAND,    CaPE      CoD,    OcTO- 

ber  11,  1880.     Cory,  Bull.  Nuttall   Club,  YI, 

(1881)   p.  84. 

Note.     Tbe  type   specimen  and  a  number  cf 

otbers. 

ADDENDA. 

Helminthophaga     pinus:      Dedham,       date     unknown. 
Cabot,  Pro.   Bost.   Soc,  YI,   (1858)  p.  386. 


BOSTON   ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  35 

West  Roxbury,  May  IT,  187(S.    Deaiie,  Bull. 
Nuttall  Club,  III,  (1878)  p.  188. 
Dendrceca  palmarum  palmarum:    Brookline,  middle  of 
October,   1878.     Deane,  Bull.  Nuttall    Club, 
IV,  (1879)  p.  (U). 

Note:      Wrongly  given  as  hifpochry^ea. 
Cambridge,  September   18,  1880.     Spelman, 
Bull.  Nuttall  Club,  YII,  (1882)  p.  54. 
Belmont,    September    7,    1881.       Spelman, 
Bull  Nuttall  Club,  Vll,  (1882)  p.  54. 


HABITS   AND   TRANSFORMATIONS    OF   BOLITO- 
THERUS  BIFURCUS  FAB. 

By    R.    Hayujard. 

During  the  past  summer  (1881)  I  had  an  excellent  op- 
portunity to  study  the  habits  of  this  interesting  species. 
I  was  passing  a  few  weeks  at  Underhill,  Chittenden  County, 
Vt.,  where  most  of  my  observations  were  made. 

Bolitotlieriis  blfurcns  is  far  more  abundant  in  the  north- 
ern than  in  the  southern  portions  of  New  England.  It  feeds 
almost  if  not  exclusively  upon  the  fungus  of  the  birch, 
which  in  most  cases,  I  believe,  proves  faUii  to  the  tree.  I 
have  never  seen  the  eggf^,  but  have  good  reason  to  suppose 
that  they  are  deposited  by  the  iemales  on  the  outside  of  the 
fungus  and  that  the  young  larvae  hatched  from  the  eggs 
thus  laid,  immediately  eat  their  way  into  the  heart  of  the 
fungus.  The  hole  made  by  their  inward  progress  is  black, 
looking  much  as  though  it  had  been  burnt,  and  is  generally 
partially   tilled   with    the  insects'   castings.     The  lull  grow^n 


o6  THE   JOURNAL    OF   THE 

larva  is  of  a  dull  flesh-color,  cylindrical  in  shape  and  measures 
about  .87  of  an  inch  in  length.  The  mandibles  are  broad, 
triangular  and  appear  capable  of  doing  good  service.  The 
head  is  yellow  and  free  from  the  body.  There  are  three 
pairs  of  thoracic  and  no  abdominal  legs,  and  the  abdomen 
is  divided  inlo  nine  segments,  the  last  one  being 
square,  with  a  sharp  spine  on  each  side. 

The  pupa  measures  .58  of  an  inch  in  length  and  is  also 
of  a  dull  tlesh  color.  The  head  is  large  and  prominent. 
The  legs  and  elytra  are  free.  There  is  a  tubercle  on  the 
edge  of  each  abdominal  segment.  The  male  and  female 
pupse  are  easily  distinguishable,  there  being  upon  the  tho- 
rax of  the  female  two  prominent  tubercles,  which,  in  the 
male,  are  prolonged  into  horns. 

The  imago  is  dark  brown  or  black,  measuring  about  .75 
of  an  inch  in  length.  The  elytra  and  thorax  are  very 
rough,  being  covered  with  a  large  number  of  prominent 
tubercles.  There  are  two  prominent  horns  upon  the  thorax 
of  the  males  which  are  wanting,  however,  in  the  females. 
Newly  hatched  specimens  are  generally  light-brown,  but 
become  darker  with  age. 

The  full-grown  larviP,  pupa3,  and  imagos  were  all  taken 
late  in  July,  which  seems  to  lead  to  the  inference  that  the 
time  passed  in  the  pupa  state  is  short,  probably  not  exceed- 
ing a  week  or  ten  days.  As  soon  as  the  insects  have  com- 
pleted these  transformations  they  work  their  way  out  by 
the  same  holes  throui!:h  which  they  entered. 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  37 


GENERAL  NOTES. 

Baird's  Sandpiper  at  Marblehead,  Mass.  On  Aug.  15, 
1881,  while  shooting  at  Marblehead,  Mass.,  after  an  easter- 
ly storm,  1  secured  a  specimen  of  Baird's  Sandpiper  (Acto- 
dromus  hairdi).  It  was  alone  when  I  shot  it  and  was,  I 
believe,  the  only  one  taken  during  the  season.  Chm^Ies 
R.  Lamh^  Camhridcje,  jMas.s. 

[This  is  the  third  recorded  instance  of  its  capture  in  Mas- 
sachusetts, though  it  prol)ably  occurs  regularly  during  the 
migrations. — Edd.  ] 

A  Third  Spectmex  of  the  Sayallow-tailed  Gull 
{Xema  fur  cat  um). — I  learn  from  my  correspondent,  Mr. 
Howard  Saunders  of  London,  that  he  has  just  received  a 
young  of  the  j'ear  specimen  of  the  above  named  rare 
Gull.  This  is  the  third  specimen  in  collections,  two  others, 
both  of  which  are  also  in  Europe,  one  in  the  British  Museum 
and  the  other,  1  think,  nt  St.  Petersburg,  were  taken  in  the 
Pacific  ocean  off  the  const  of  California.  It  is  extremely 
probable,  however,  that  the  usual  habitat  of  this  very  rare 
bird,  is  the  Arctic  Regions. 

The  more  deeply  forked  tail  and  large  size  at  once  dis- 
tinguish it  from  X.  sahmei.  Length  of  wing  of  sabinel 
10. 7-"),  o[  fHrcfffifTH  l().-")0.—  (\  J.  jMf/ff/ufrd,  Boston.  Mass. 

Tw^o  Rare  Carabid.^^:  from  Eastern  Massachusetts. — 
The  occurrence  of  the  two  following  rare  species  of  Carabi- 
dee  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  state  seems  to  be  of  sufficient 
importance  to  merit  publication  in  the  Journal. 

Cedosrmui  wUcoxi,  Lee.  On  July  3,  1880,  wdiile  col- 
lecting at  Nantucket,  I  procured  a  specimen  of  this  species 
on  the  beach,  wdiich  extends  along  the   south   shore  of  the 


38  THE  JOURNAL    OF   THE 

island.  It  was  dead  and  in  a  perfect  condition  when  I 
found  it,  and  had  it  not  been  at  considerable  distance  from 
high-water  mark  I  should  have  supposed  that  it  had  been 
thrown  on  shore  by  the  waves.  This  is  the  seventh  instance 
of  its  occurrence  in  this  state. 

Badister  nofiatus,  Hald.  In  the  spring  of  1879  I  captured 
one  of  this  species  in  Milton,  under  a  stone  in  a  rather 
high  held.  The  species  is  verj^  rare  in  this  state  and  I  know 
of  but  one  other  instance  of  its  capture  here. — R.  Hayivard, 
Boston,  Mass.  i 

CiCINDELA    ANCOCISCONEXSIS    (HaRR.)  IN     V^ERMONT. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  the  entomological  readers  of  the 
Journal  to  know  that  1  secured  an  example  of  Ciciiidela 
ancocisconensis  at  Underbill,  Chittenden  County,  Vermont, 
on  July  28,  1881.  This  is,  1  believe,  the  first  recorded  in- 
stance of  its  capture  in  the  state,  although  there  appears  to 
be  no  good  reason  why  it  should  not  be  found  there,  as  it 
is  very  abundant  in  the  White  Mountains  only  about  eighty 
miles  distant.  This  is  still  more  probable  since  the  hab- 
itat of  Cicindela  ancocisconensis  is  quite  extended,  it  having 
been  already  recorded  from  New^  Hampshire,  Maine,  West- 
ern Pennsylvania  and  Northern  Illinois. — R.  Hayicard. 
Boston,  Mass. 


THE  COUES'  CHECK   LIST 

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NORTH    AMERICAN    BIRDS, 

With    u  dictionary  of  the  Etymology.  Orthography,  and  Orthoepy  of  the 
Scientific  names. 

BY    ELLIOTT    COUES,     M.  D. 

THIS  is  indispensable  to  every  ornithologist  and  amateur.     It  gives  a  complete 
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One  Vol.   Royal  Octavo  Cloth,  -         -  -         $3.00. 

THE  BIRD  COLLECTOR'S  MANUAL. 

BY   ELLIOTT    COUES,    M.  D. 

Author  of  "Key  to   North   American  Birds."   "The   Coues'  Check  List  and  Or- 
nithological Lexicon,"  "Birds  of  the  Colorado  Valley,"  "Birds  of  the  North- 
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Quarterly  Journal 


OF    THE 


Boston  Zoological  Society. 


Vol.  I—OCTOBER,  1882.-NO.  4. 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 


NOTES    ON    THE    CHANGES    IN    THE    LARVAE     OF 

OROYIALEUCOSTIGMA.     By  Rev.  N.  Coleman  .         39 

THE  DISTRIBUTION  OF  THE  IVORY-BILLED  WOOD- 
PECKER   {GAMPEPHILUS    PRINCIPALIS).      By 
C.  J.  Maynard 42 

NOTES    ON    COLLECTING   CERTAIN    BUPRESTIDuE. 

By  E.   P.   Austin 45 

A    LIST   OF   BIRDS    OBSERVED     NEAR    BRADFORD, 

FENN.     By  James  A.    Tuelou. 47 

GENERAL  NOTES  .         .  • 52 

Ornithological  Notes  from  the  Magdalen  Islands ;  Papilio  cresphotitcs  at  Berlin,  Conn. ;  Another 
Strangely  Marked  Larva  of  Arctia  isahelhi. 

P:RRATA  .  .  .  .     ^ 54 

INDEX  ^^ 


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The  Journal 

OF    THE 

Boston  Zoological  Society. 
Vol.  I.  Octoben  1882,  No,  4, 

NOTES  ON   THE   CHANGES   IN   THE   LARV^   OF 
ORGYIA   LEUCOSTIGAIA. 

By  Rev.  N.   Coleman. 

My  attention  was  first  directed  to  these  changes,  in  the 
summer  of  1877,  by  finding  some  caterpillars  of  Orgyia 
leiu'ostigma  which  differed  from  the  description  given  by 
Dr.  Harris  in  his  work  on  "Insects  Injurious  to  Vegetation." 

Finding  some  eggs  of  this  species  in  the  winter  of  1878 
on  tlie  branch  of  an  apple  tree,  I  put  them  in  a  box  for  the 
purpose  of  rearing  the  larvae.  The  eggs  hatched  on  May 
10.  The  caterpillars  were  dork-colored  and  had  the  head 
almost  black,  but  showed  some  of  the  distinguishing  char- 
acteristics Ijelonging  to  this  species.  They  became  lighter 
after  moulting,  but,  owing  to  want  of  time,  I  was  unable 
to  ascertain  how  many  times  they  moulted  before  pupating. 
On  June  14  a  number  of  thfem  appeared  after  moulting 
with  white  tufts  on  the  back.  Some  pupated  on  June  28 
and  others  on  June  29. 

Supposing  that  sex  had  something  to  do  with  these 
changes  in  color,  I  watched  carefully  for  the  appearance  of 
the  moth.  On  July  3  some  of  these  cocoons  hatched,  pro- 
ducing both  male  and  female  moths,  and  as  I  wished  to 
obtain  some  eggs  fur  further  experiment  I  left  them  in  the 
box.     These  e^^^  hatched  on  July   16.     Bv  Aut^ust    7    all 


40  THE  JOURNAL    OP^   THE 

the  larvae  had  white  instead  of  yellow  tufts,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  one,  which  I  put  in  a  box  by  itself  the  better  to 
observe  it.  On  August  15  this  one  moulted,  appearing  with 
white  tufts,  and  pupated  August  20.  The  others  pupated 
from  time  to  time  between  August  14  and  August  27.  On 
September  2,  I  found  some  larvse  with  yellow  tufts  on  a 
rose-bush,  and  put  them  in  a  box  b}^  themselves.  By  the 
next  morning  one  of  them  had  pupated,  another  moulted 
during  the  next  day  and  appeared  with  white  tufts. 

In  the  course  of  my  experiments  I  observed  larvre  in  the 
act  of  moultino;  on  several  occasions.  Thev  fastened  their 
tails  to  the  box  and  soon  the  skin  which  covers  the  head 
separated,  and  was  then  easily  pushed  off.  The  remaining 
portion  split  for  a  part  of  the  way  along  the  back,  and  the 
caterpillar  by  working  its  bod}^  from  side  to  side,  and  appar- 
ently rubbing  it  against  the  box,  gradually  pushed  the  old 
skin  back  till  freed  from  it.  In  some  instances  the  cater- 
pillar would  bend  its  head  under  its  body  and  rub  it  on  the 
box  to  get  off  the  old  skin.  Once  the  old  skin  split  on  the 
under  side.  In  all  cases  the  larvae  seemed  exceedingly 
exhausted  by  the  process,  but  after  resting  commenced  feed- 


nisc  a  gram. 


Some  of  the  larvae  hatched  from  eggs  laid  in  the  box, 
chano-ed  back  from  the  white  to  the  vellow  tufts  before 
pupating.  Some  that  pupated  about  August  14  produced 
moths  September  5.  The  one  referred  to  as  pupating 
August  20  produced  a  female.  From  the  eggs  laid  in  the 
box  about  one  male  to  ^nq  females  hatched,  but  in  the 
earlier  broods  the  proportion  of  males  was  greater.  It 
would  seem  that  sex  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  changes 
in  color. 

I  noticed  that  the  yellow  stripes  along  the  sides  became 
whitish  with  a  slight  tinge  of  green  before  pupating.     On 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  41 

September  10  I  found  some  larva?  on  a  pear  tree,  some  with 
Avhite  and  others  with  yellow  tufts.  September  13  I  found 
some  more  on  an  apple  tree  which  varied  in  the  same  manner. 
In  all  these  the  stripes  along  the  sides  were  greenish-white. 

The  larvae  found  on  the  rose-bush  SeptendDer  2  all  pro- 
duced females.  On  September  20  and  September  29,  moths 
hatched  in  the  box  some  males  and  some  females.  Several 
of  the  males  reared,  as  well  as  those  caught,  w^ere  much 
lighter  colored  than  the  others  and  lacked  the  wdiite  spot 
on  the  wings.  October  4  I  found  the  pupa  of  a  female,  full 
of  eggs,  on  an  apple  tree,  showing  that  the  eggs  w^ere  de- 
veloped very  soon  after  pupating.  October  4  some  larvae 
w^ere  still  feeding  on  apple  trees. 

On  May  19,  1879,  the  eggs,  wdiich  I  had  kept  over  winter, 
hatched.  The  larvae  were  not  so  dark  colored  as  those  ob- 
served in  1878.  The  eggs  which  were  waited  for  w^ith  the 
greatest  interest  did  not  hatch. 

June  3  some  larva?  had  yellow  and  others  white  tufts. 
Those  with  white  tufts  had  darker  colored  bodies  and  the 
pencils  of  hair  over  their  heads  were  shorter.  I  separated 
the  white  tufted  ones  from  the  others,  but  on  June  5  some 
among  the  yellow  tufted  ones  were  found  to  have  white 
tufts,  and  their  heads  as  well  as  the  w^arts  on  their  backs 
were  orang^e-color.  On  June  6  one  of  them  moulted  and 
appeared  with  black  tufts  which  presented  a  velvety  appear- 
ance. On  June  7  some  of  the  yellow-tufted  ones  moulted 
and  appeared  with  white  tufts,  and  vice  versa.  On  June  17 
some  of  those  first  hatched  pupated.  On  June  22  the  larva 
w^ith  black  tufts  after  moulting  appeared  w^ith  whHe  tufts 
and  pupated  June  30.  On  July  6  and  7  some  of  the  white 
tufted  larva?  produced  both  male  and  female  moths.  There 
are  differences  in  the  size  and  markings  of  moths  of  the 
same  brood. 


42  TFIE  JOURNAL    OF   THE 

On  June  6,  1879,  I  found  some  fawn-colored  larvse  on 
the  hazel-bush  with  dark-colored  tufts,  but  did  not  succeed 
in  raising  them. 

In  the  summer  of  1880  I  experimented  still  fiirther  with 
results  similar  to  those  above  cited,  with  the  exception  that 
the  proportion  of  males  was  greater. 

While  I  have  not  been  able  in  this  article  to  prove  any 
connection  between  the  changes  in  color  and  sex  in  these 
larvae,  the  experiments  have  been  full  of  interest  to  me,  at 
least,  and  I  have  shown  that  they  are  general  feeders,  eating 
almost  all  kinds  of  vegetation,  cabbage  included.  I  think 
1  have  also  shown  that  Orgyia  leucostigma  and  O.  antlqua 
of  Harris  are  forms  of  the  same  species.  Possibly,  however, 
that  requires  some  further  experiment. 


THE  DISTRIBUTION  OF  THE  IVORY-BILLED  WOOD- 
PECKER {CAMPEPHILU8  PRINCIPALIS) 

By   C.  J.  Maynard. 

As  this  'Trince  of  Woodpeckers"  is  becoming  very  rare, 
being  now  restricted,  as  far  as  I  can  learn,  to  a  very  limited 
area,  a  few  notes  on  its  former  distribution,  as  compared  to 
its  present  range,  may  prove  acceptable. 

William  Bartram  in  1792  says  that  it  is  resident  in  Florida 
and  the  Carolinas.  Wilson,  writing  in  1811,  states  that  it 
occurs  from  New  Jersey  to  Mexico,  but  adds  that  it  is  rare 
north  of  Virginia.  Nuttall,  evidently  with  this  information 
in  mind,  says  that  it  occurs  in  the  Southern  States,  but  is 
seldom  found  north  of  Virginia.  He  also  states  that  it  is 
found  in  Mexico  and  Brazil,  but  in  these  latter  instances  he 
evidently  had  another  species,  the  Imperial  Woodpecker 
{Cmnpephihf.^  wiperiali^)  in  mind. 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICi\L    SOCIETY.  4o 

It  remained,  however,  for  Audubon  in  1831  to  fix  its 
range  with  certainty.  He  sajs  most  emphatically  that  it 
has  never  occurred  in  the  Middle  States  'Svithinthe  memory 
of  man,"  but  gives  it  as  being  found  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio  River,  up  the  Mississippi  as  far  as  the  mouth  of  the 
Missouri,  "west  of  this  great  river  in  all  the  dense  forests 
which  border  its  tributar}'  streams,  even  to  the  very  decliv- 
ities of  the  Rocky  Mountains,"  and  so  on  down  to  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico.  On  the  Atlantic  it  occurred  as  flir  north  as 
Maryland  but  was  rare  in  that  state.  It  was  most  abundant 
in  the  lower  part  of  the  Carolinas,  in  Georgia,  Alabama, 
Louisiana,  and  Mississippi,  where  it  was  a  constant  resident, 

It  is  fortunate  for  those  of  us  who  wish  to  know  the 
former  range  of  this  bird  that  Aububon  was  so  particular 
in  defining  it.  For  the  Ivory-billed  Woodpecker  must  have 
disappeared  very  rapidly,  since  Professor  Baird  in  1 854  says 
that  it  was  then  restricted  to  the  Southern  Atlantic  and  Gulf 
States. 

I  have  t>:ood  authoritv  for  saving  that  it  occurred  in 
the  heavily  wooded  portions  of  the  State  of  Mississippi 
twenty  years  ago,  and  it  is  quite  possible  that  a  few,  still 
lincrer  there.  If  such  be  the  case,  however,  it  will  be  well 
worthy  of  record. 

During  my  various  visits  to  Florida  I  have  been  enabled, 
by  giving  especial  attention  to  this  question,  to  ascertain  its 
range  in  that  state  with  tolerable  certainty.  There  is  a 
belt  of  heavily  wooded  country,  either  ''hummock"  or 
"cypress,"  extending  from  a  few  miles  to  the  eastward  of 
the  Swanee  River,  bordering  the  Gidf  of  Mexico,  and  stretch- 
mcr   otit  to  the  nortliward  about  twenty  miles,  but  widening 


to  the  eastward  until  it  reaches  the  Withlocoochie  River  on 
the  south.  On  the  St.  Johns  this  belt  of  timber  reaches  its 
maximum  width,  extending  from  within  a  few  miles  of  Palat- 


44  THE  JOURNAL  OF  TH?: 

ka  quite  to  Enterprise,  flxr  up  the  ''Great  River."  To  the  east- 
ward. bet^Yeen  the  St.  Johns  and  the  sea,  the  conthiuous  belt 
is  more  broken,  as  it  is  so  encroached  upon  by  the  pine  woods 
in  the  rougher  sections  that  the  denser  woorlhmd  is  repre- 
sented only  by  detached  bits  of  "hummock,"  each  contain- 
ing but  a  few  acres  of  trees;  or  by  cabbage  flats,  sections 
covered  with  a  dense  growth  of  palmettos-  On  Indian 
River  and  about  its  head  the  country  once  again  becomes 
a  continuous  '^  hummock,"  and  is  known  as  ''TurnbuH's 
Swamp,"  which  extends  from  Sand  Point  quite  to  New 
Smyrna. 

The  whole  of  this  woodland  is  the  resort  of  the  Ivory- 
billed  Woodpecker  and  I  have  seen  specimens  from  nearly 
ever}'  portion  of  it,  all  of  them  taken  during  the  last  twelve 
or  fifteen  years.  Yet  how  restricted  is  the  range  of  this 
noble  Woodpecker  compared  to  what  it  was  in  former  years ! 
For  unless  it  still  occurs  in  the  State  of  Mississippi,  which  is 
doubtful,  an  area  of  one  hundred  miles  long  by  say  fifty 
broad  will  enclose  its  present  residence. 

To  crown  all  this  the  bird  is  nowhere  common  in  this 
section;  indeed  it  is  quite  rare  in  many  places  and  is  grad- 
ually growing  less  and  less  common.  Why  this  is  so  I  am 
unable  to  conjecture.  At  one  time  I  was  inclined  to  con- 
sider that  constant  persecution  of  man  was  the  cause  of  its 
extinction,  and  while  this  may  have  been  indirectly  the 
reason  in  other  sections  I  hardly  think  it  true  in  regard  to 
Florida. 

Last  winter  while  visithig  a  portion  of  the  woodland  of 
which  I  have  spoken,  known  as  the  "Gulf  Hummocks,"  I 
found  that  the  hunters  seldom  if  ever  shot  one;  indeed  I 
could  only  learn  of  a  single  pair  having  been  killed  during 
several  years.  I  had  at  one  time  as  many  as  ten  men 
searching:  for  them,  and  then  1  only  secured  ^Xyh  pairs  in  a 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  45 

month's  time.  So  it  can  readily  be  judged  how  rare  they 
are  even  in  their  own  stronghold,  and  I  am  confident  that 
their  final  extinction  is  a  mere  matter  of  time. 

In  October  and  November  while  the  ^-Ivory-bills''  are 
moulting  they  retreat  to  the  densest  portions  of  the  forest, 
but  later  in  the  season  they  wander  more.  Their  cries, 
which  differ  from  those  of  the  Pileated  Woodj)ecker,  are 
loud  and  clear  and  may  be  easily  recognized. 

The  eggs  of  the  Ivory-billed,  which  I  have  seen,  are 
enough  larger  than  those  of  any  other  species  to  be  at  once 
recoscnized. 


NOTES   ON    COLLECTING   CERTAIN   BUFRES- 

TID.E. 

Btj  E.  P.  Austin. 

The  species  of  Biijorestidce  are  great  flivorites  with  col- 
lectors owing  to  the  bright  colors  of  many  species.  All,  or 
nearly  all,  the  species  are  wood-borers  and  many  are  injuri- 
ous to  timber  and  fruit  trees. 

The  Buprestids  as  a  rule  are  found  most  abundantly  in 
hot  weather  and  are  very  active  fliers.  If  surprised  too 
suddenly  to  enable  them  to  escape  by  flight,  they  drop  to 
the  ground  and  Irequently  escape  in  that  manner.  Among 
the  smaller  the  species  Agrili  are  worthy  of  especial  atten- 
tion, as  the  species  are  numerous  and  individuals  abound. 
They  may  be  taken  in  numbers  after  the  middle  of  June, 
feeding  or  resting  on  the  leaves  of  various  shrubs  and  trees. 
The  smaller  species  resemble  each  other  very  closely,  and 
have  not  yet  been  satisfactorily  studied.  Each  species  of 
plant  is  likely  to  have  a  different  species  of  Agrili/s.     Oaks, 


4f)  THE  JOURNAL   OF   THE 

poplars,  hazel,  shacl-berry,  etc.,  are  the  species  of  plants 
Avhich  are  most  infested.  By  carefully  examining  the  leaves, 
specimens  may  be  found  feeding  and  should  be  kept  sepa- 
rately with  a  note  giving  the  plant  on  which  they  were 
found  as  well  as  the  date.  Care  should  also  be  taken  to 
secure  both  males  and  females  if  possible. 

The  males  have  generally  brighter  colored  heads  and 
often  the  whole  body  is  brighter  and  more  shining  than  that 
of  the  female,  they  are  also  more  slender,  the  under  side 
flatter,  and  in  many  species  with  tufts  of  hair,  or  with  a 
o-roove  under  the  thorax  and  abdomen  which  is  wantinoi:  in 
the  female.  In  mounting  the  specimens  care  should  be 
taken  to  place  them  in  such  a  position  that  these  characters 
may  be  readily  seen,  also,  so  that  the  claws  of  the  tarsi  can 
be  examined  with  a  magnifier,  as  there  are  differences  in 
the  position  of  the  tooth  with  which  each  claw  is  furnished 
which  separates  species  otherwise  almost  exactly  alike. 
The  males  of  certain  species  also  have  white  hairs  on  the 
antennae  which  are  easily  removed  but  which  are  probably 
of  importance  in  separating  closely  allied  species. 

A  carefully  collected  series,  stating  the  food-plant  and 
time  of  capture,  would  be  of  great  importance  in  determin- 
ing the  limits  of  species.  Other  species  which  are  found 
in  similar  situations  are  BracJu/s,  which  is  abundant  on  oaks. 
Taj)hrocerus  and  Pachyscelus  are  more  common  on  herba- 
ceous plants,  particularly 6  Lgiiminosce. 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY 


A  LIST  OF  BIRDS  OBSERVED  NEAR  BRADFORD, 

PENN. 


By  J(mies  A.   Tvel 


OH. 


Before  beginning  to  give  a  list  of  the  birds  found  in  this 
immediate  vicinity  it  may  be  well  to  give  a  short  descrip- 
tion of  the  country.  The  principal  stream  is  the  Tunang- 
wantj  a  ti-ibutary  of  the  Alleghany  River,  which  divides  just 
below  the  city  into  the  east  and  west  branches.  The  Erie 
Raih^oad  (Bradford  Branch)  follows  the  east  branch  of  the 
river  for  a  considerable  distance,  but,  as  it  is  farther  away 
and  more  thickly  settled,  my  collecting  has  been  done 
mostly  along  the  western  branch  and  one  or  two  of  its 
tributaries. 

The  west  branch  Hows  for  the  most  part  through  a  heavily 
AvooJed  country.  On  the  eastern  side  for  several  miles  are 
numerous  well  cleared  tracts,  which  before  the  oil  excite- 
ment were  farms.  On  the  western,  however,  there  ai^e  but 
few  houses  after  leaving  the  city  limits  and  these  are  mostly 
farm  houses.  There  is  a  ^'  tram-road  "  —  surveyed  years 
ago  for  a  railroad  —  which  follows  the  stream  for  seven  or ^ 
eight  miles.  The  road  is  not  much  travelled  and  along  its 
sides  between  it  and  the  "creek,"  as  it  is  called,  are  numer- 
ous small  patches  of  woods,  in  which  I  have  found  a  few 
birds,  though  not  as  many  as  one  would  expect  from  the 
appearance  of  the  land.  Flowing  into  the  west  branch  from 
the  west  side  are  four  streams,  whose  general  directions  are 
nearly  parallel  with  each  other  but  which  are  separated  by 
high  hills.  The  most  northerly  of  these  is  Bolivar  Brook, 
then  Bennett  Brook,  next  Wagoner's  Run,  and  last  Marilla 
Run.      I  went  once  into    Bolivar  Brook  but  saw  nothiim- 


48  THE  JOURNAL   OF   THE 

worth  mentioning.  On  the  top  of  a  hill  between  Bolivar 
Brook  and  Bennett  Brook  I  have  found  Red-headed  and 
Yellow-bellied  Woodpeckers  very  abnndant. 

Bennett  Brook  flows  through  a  narrow  valley  bounded  by 
hills  of  medium  height  and  for  the  most  part  heavily  wooded. 
This  part  of  the  country,  being  in  oil  country  language, 
"  off  the  belt,"  has  not  been  materially  changed  by  any 
operations  for  oil,  consequently  it  has  remained  in  possession 
of  the  orio'inal  owners  who  are  flirmers.  It  was  aloncj;  this 
stream  that  I  did  most  of  my  collecting.  Wagoner's  Run  is 
a  small  stream  of  which  I  know  but  little  having  visited  it 
but  a  few^  times.  Marilla  Run  is  quite  a  large  stream  and 
near  the  upper  end  presents  a  very  favorable  location  for 
investigation;  but  on  account  of  the  distance  I  have  only 
been  to  the  upper  end  twice,  though  often  to  the  lower, 
and  there  found  one  of  the  best  locations  I  have  seen. 

There  is  no  large  body  of  water  here,  neither  have  I 
found  any  extensive  swamps.  In  places  along  the  several 
streams  are  small  tracts  of  marshy  land,  but  nothing  that 
can  be  compared  with  the  fresh  water  marshes  which  border 
some  of  our  rivers  in  Massachusetts. 

The  land  lies  at  an  elevation  of  from  1440  feet,  at  the 
Erie  Depot,  to  2500  feet,  the  highest  point  in  McKean  Co. 
The  hills  around  Bradford  vary  from  200  to  500  feet  in 
height.  ^'  The  forests  consist  principally  of  Hemlock,  Spruce, 
White  Pine,  Beech,  Cucumber,  Wild  Cherry,  Maple,  Poplar 
and  Oak  trees  (White  and  Scrub).  Occasionally  Chestnut 
Birch,  Ash,  and  Willow.  The  undergrowth  is  made  up 
mostly  of. Laurel,  Rhododendron,  and  Hazel."  (Report  P. — 
Second  Geo.  Survey.) 

1.  TuEDUS  ]SHGEATORius. — Aljout  as  abundant  as  at  home, 
though  not  seen  as  plentifully  in  the  city  proper,  on  account 
of  the   scarcity  of  trees.      I  have   never   seen  this  species 


BOSTOx\    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  49 

in  winter.  On  February  8,  1881,  one  was  seen  near  the 
office.  I  saw  none  again  until  March  18th.  Nests  as  in 
Massachusetts  though  one  or  two  exceptional  instances  may 
be  mentioned.  A  pair  built  their  nest  on  what  is  termed  the 
'^^and  line  block"  to  an  oil  well  near  the  centre  of  the  city. 
The  '^sand  line  block  "  is  suspended  near  the  top  of  the  der- 
rick which  is  72  feet  high.  I  have  also  seen  a  nest  built  on 
the  upper  side  of  the  ^'buU  wheel"  of  an  oil  well,  and  have 
been  informed  by  a  reliable  person  that  this  situation  is  fre- 
quently selected,  owing  perhaps  to  the  fact  that  a  rough 
shed  is  built  over  the  wheels,  thus  aftbrding  the  birds  ample 
protection  from  the  weather. 

2.  TuRDUS  MUSTELiNUS. —  Proba]:)ly  common  though  I 
have  seen  but  comparatively  few.  April  30,  '82  saw  the  first 
one.  May  27,  '82,  found  a  nest  containing  four  fresh  eggs, 
and  on  June  4,   another  nest   containing  three  fresh  eggs. 

3.  TuRDUS  PALLASi. —  Quite  common,  more  so  in  spring 
than  fall  or  perhaps  more  commonly  observed.  Seen  in 
spring  from  April  0  to  June  7.     No  fall  quotations. 

4.  TuRDUS  FUSCESCEXS. —  Commou  but  less  plenty  than 
the  preceeding  (May  21). 

5.  SiURUS  AURiCAPiLLUS. —  A  very  common  species,  but 
although  I  am  confident  it  breeds  plentifully  have  found  Imt 
few  nests.  Earliest  May  8,  '81,  latest  June  19,  '81  and 
June  19,  '82,  both  Avith  fresh  eggs. 

6.  Harporhyxciius  rufus. —  Have  seen  it  but  once, 
May  21. 

7.  MiMUS  CAROLiNEXSis. —  Abundant,  breeds  along  the 
roads  and  in  the  bushes  on  the  side  hills.  First  seen  May 
19,  but  it  must  have  been  here  some  time,  for  on  May  22  1 
found  a  nest  containing  four  fresh  eggs. 

8.  SiALiA  siALis. —  On  the  hill  north  of  the  city  this 
species  is  very  almndant.     It   is  not  very  common  in   the 


50  THE  JOURNAL    OF    THE 

lowlands  but  wherever  there  has  been  a  fire,  which  has  left 
numerous  dead  stumps  standing,  the  birds  appear  to  congre- 
gate.    On  March  16,  1881^  I  saw  the  fir^t  bird  of  the  season. 

9.  Regulus  calendulus. —  Quite  common  during  the 
spring.     First  seen  April  24,  1881,  April  16  1882. 

10.  Regulus  satrapus  —  Rather  more  common  than 
the  preceeding.     (November  4.) 

11.  Parus  ATRiCAPiLLUS. —  Abundant  everywhere. 

12.  Certhia  FAMiLLiRis. —  Quite  common  during  the 
spring  of  '82.      First  seen  April  9. 

13.  SiTTA  CAROLiNENSis. —  Common  resident.  I  have 
yet  to  meet  with  Sitfa  canadensis. 

14.  Troglodytes  jedox. —  Have  seen  a  few  on  the 
side  hills  aw^ay  from  the  houses.  On  May  24,  I  found  a 
nest  with  six  eggs,  incubation  commenced.  Later  I  found 
another  nest  with  young.  This  species  dues  not  seem  to  be 
very  common  as  I  have  found  none  this  season. 

15.  Mn^iotilta  vakia. —  R:ither  regularly  though  not 
abundantly  distributed.     (April  28  and  oOth.) 

16.  Parula  AMERICANA. —  Last  season,  although  I  w^as 
in  the  woods  every  chance  I  had,  I  did  not  meet  with  this 
species.  This  year  about  May  5  it  was  quite  common  near 
my  house,  where  a  few  remained  for  several  days.  Seen 
May  5,  6,  and  12. 

17.  Geotiilypis  TRICPL4S. —  Not  so  common  1  think  as 
in  Massachusetts.  I  have  seen  but  one  or  two.  First  seen 
May  27. 

18.  Geothlypis  piHLADELPmA. —  Ou  May  30,  1882,  I 
shot  a  male  in  a  clearing  on  rather  high  land  near  the  head 
of  Manilla  Creek.  I  shot  a  female  on  July  16  which  acted 
as  though  she  had  a  nest,  I  could  find  none  however.  This 
bird  was  shot  on  a  side  hill  covered  with  bushes  and  small 
trees. 


IU)S'IX)X    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIRT^^  51 

19.  Dendk(ECA  virexs. —  Noticed  in  the  spring  on  both 
high  and  low  land.  Shot  one  May  26  and  another  July  24, 
also  September  25,  1881. 

20.  Dexdrceca  c^erulescens. —  Shot  a  specimen  May  6, 
1882.     Think  I  have  seen  another. 

21.  Dendrceca  blackburnl^. —  Common  this  spring,  but 
I  am  positive  that  it  did  not  occur,  at  least  in  the  same 
locality,  last  year.  First  seen  May  2,  but  common  until  May 
11,  occurring  all  over  the  city.  After  the  11th  they  left 
as  suddenly  as  they  came  and  I  have  not  seen  one  since. 

22.  Dendrceca  pexsylvanica. —  Abundant  (May  11  and 
20). 

23.  Dexdrceca  estiva. —  Common.  On  May  2  I  found 
a  nest  with  five  fresh  eggs,  also  one  June  7. 

24.  Dendrceca  maculosa.— Have  seen  but  lew,  shot 
one  July  17  and  another  May  30. 

25.  Dexdrceca  coronata. —  Common  in  spring.  First 
seen  April  24. 

26.  Myiodioctes  canadensis.— On  July  3,  1881,1  saw 
a  number  of  this  species  in  a  small  grove  in  low  land.  On 
July  4th  revisited  the  same  grove  but  could  not  find  one. 
I  have  also  seen  it  several  times  this  spring. 

27.  Setophaga  ruticilla. —  Common,  but  not  as  much 
so  as  in  Massachusetts.  Seen  about  the  same  time  as 
Dendroeca  hiackburnlce,  and  lil>e  it,  more  common  apparently 
this  season  than  last.  A  nest  found  June  7th  contained 
three  eggs. 

28.  HiRUNDo  HORREORUM. —  Apparently  not  very  com- 
mon (Apr.  24th). 

29.  Petrochiledox  luxifroxs. —  Abundant,  but  nesting 
only  in  certain  localities.  I  noticed  some  birds  of  this  species 
apparently  building  on  July  16,  1882. 

80.    Tachycixeta  bicolor. —  Common.     First  seen  April 


52  THE   JOURNAL    OP^   THE 

31.  Progxe  suBis.— One  colony  inhabits  some  martin- 
boxes  in  the  city. 

32.  YiREO  OLiVACEUS. —  The  only  vireo  I  can  indentify. 
Very  common  last  season. 

33.  Ampelis  cedPvORUM. —  Very  common.  I  have  never 
seen  them  in  winter.  Have  taken  fresh  eggs  July  12,  26, 
and  August  20. 

34.  Pyeaxga  rubra. —  Common  summer  resident.  It 
was  unusually  plentiful  about  the  middle  of  May  1882. 

35.  Carpodacus  purpureus. —  I  have  seen  but  two  of 
this  species.  The  first  was  found  dead  on  a  nest  in  the 
spring  of  1882  and  the  second  on  a  tall  tree  up  Marilla  Run. 

(  To  he    Contituied. ) 


GENERAL  NOTES. 

Orxithological  Notes  from  the  Magdalen  Islands. 
— The  following  birds  were  obtained  in  the  Magdalen  Islands 
by  my  collector,  Mr.  k.  M.  Frazer,  during  a  short  stay  in 
that  locality.  The  first  two  are,  I  believe,  new  to  the  pub- 
lished lists  of  the  ornithological  fauna  of  that  section. 

Geothlypis  Philadelphia  ( WIU.)  Baird.  Mourn- 
ing Warbler. — One  specimen  taken. 

Chrysomitris  pinus  {Wils.)  Bona20.  Pine  Finch. — 
One  specimen,  a  young  female,  was  shot  June  26,  1882.  It 
was  evidently  hatched  this  season. 

Aegiothus  linaria  Cab.  Red-poll  Linnet. — Birds 
in  nesting  plumage  occurred  in  flocks.  A  specimen  obtained 
on  June  29  were  changing  into  the  second  plumage. 


BOSTON    ZOOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  5-^ 

Curvirostra  leucoptera  WUs.  White-winged 
Cross-bill. — Birds  in  the  nestling  plnmage  were  taken  from 
June  18  to  20.  In  this  connection  it  may  be  well  to  state 
that  when  I  was  in  the  Magdalen  Islands  some  years  ago 
I  fomid  no  nestlings,  but  the  males  were  in  fidl  song,  evi- 
dently about  to  breed,  as  late  as  the  middle  of  Jidy. 

Finicola  enucleator  (Lhin.)  VielU.  Pine  Grosbeak. 
— Four  specimens  were  obtained  by  Mr.  Frazer  on  June  29, 
which  Avere  about  to  breed. 

Scolecophagus f errungineus  (Gin.)  Swains.  Eusty 
Blackbird. — Nestlings  of  this  species  were  taken  nearly 
fully  fledged  on  June  29. 

A  nest  of  the  Black-poll  Warbler  {Dendroeca  sb^lata) 
containing  three  fresh  eggs  was  taken  June  23.  A  full  set 
of  four  ^gg^  of  the  Pigeon  Hawk  [Falco  coJuharms)  were 
obtained  from  a  nest  built  in  a  low  spruce  on  June  9. — 
C.  J.  Mnynarcl.  Bosfoi)  3Iass. 

Papilio  cresphontes  at  Berlix,  Coxx. — Papilio  cres- 
lohontes  has  been  found  in  Berlin,  Conn.,  for  several  years 
past.  The  first  I  caught  was  in  September,  1877,  and 
another  was  captured  by  a  friend  earlier  in  the  same  season. 
I  took  one  in  1878,  and  in  1881  I  also  captured  a  very  good 
specimen.  This  season  I  have  taken  eight,  most  of  them 
in  my  door-yard.  Five  others  have  been  caught  in  this 
town,  and  one  at  New  Britain,  a  town  adjoining.  I  have 
also  seen  several  others,  one  of  them  ten  miles  from 
Berlin.  It  may  be  of  interest  to  state  that  while  two  of 
the  specimens  were  t;dven  early  in  the  season,  the  others  were 
captured  the  last  of  August. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  what  is  their  food-plant 
here,  and  also  if  there  be  two  broods  in  a  season.  Some 
of  the  specimens  taken  recently  were  bright  and  fresh.— iV! 
ColemrnK  Berlin,  Conn. 


54  The  journal  of  the 

Another  strangely  Marked  Larva  of  Arctia  Isa- 
bella.— It  may  be  interesting  to  notice  still  another  varia- 
tion in  the  color  of  the  larva  of  Arctia  Isabella,  in  addition 
to  those  mentioned  bj  me  in  the  last  number  of  the  Journal. 

Sometime  since  I  found  a  caterpillar  of  this  species  en- 
tirely red.  After  a  few  days  it  moulted  and  came  out  black 
with  three  red  rings  and  two  red  tufts  on  one  of  the  black 
rings.  —  N.  Coleman^  Berlm,  Conn. 


HKKATA. 


Page  2.     lines    12  and  19,  for  horcls  read  hordes. 
"       2,       "       24,  for  subsistance  read  subsistence. 
'•       4,       "        11,  for  polyglol  us  YQ2i^  polyglottus. 
•^       5,       ''        13,  for  Hdmitherus  read  Helmiiithotherus. 
''       8,       ''       25,  for  Clcindelce  read  CicindpUdce. 

9,       '^       29,  for  took  flight  read  took  to  flight. 
''       9,       "       27,  and  29  for  02)hibolus  trianguhis  vend  ophi'bolns 

doliatus  yar.  trianguhi.H. 
"       22,     "         5,  for  Xantlirocephcdus  read  XanfJioceplicdus. 
''       26,     '*       80.  for  Hklropliilas  trlangnlus  read  Hi/dropJulus 
triangularis. 
13,  for  Lep  read  Lee. 

16,  for  divericata,  Sax  read  dicaricata.  Say. 
28,  for  wilcoxi  read  willcoxi. 
6.  for  notia.fus  read  notat'us. 


a 

^7, 

a 

2, 

a 

37, 

&i 

38, 

INDEX  TO   VOLUME   I. 


A. 

Abnormal  egg  of  the  Song  Sparrow, 

26. 
Actodromus  bairdi,  31,  37. 
Adder,  Checkered,  9. 
^geria  cucurbitas,  29. 
yEgiothus  brewsteri,  21. 

canescens  exilipes,  20 

linaria,  52. 
Aluco  flammeus  americanus,  23. 
Ammodromus  maritimus,  21. 
Ampelis  cedrorum,  52. 
Andrenidae,  13. 
Annual  Meeting,  the,  11. 
Another    spotted    egg    of  Empidonax 

minimus,  26. 
Anthrenus  scrophularise,  3. 
Antrostomus  vociferus,  9. 
Aphodius  fimetarius,   3. 

fossor,  3. 
Apis  mellifica,  13. 
Aquila  chrysaetus  canadensis,  24. 
Arctia  isabella,  29,  54. 
Arctomjs  monax,  14. 
Arvicola  breweri,  16. 

pinetorum,  16. 

riparia,   16. 

B. 

Badister  notatus,  38. 

Baird's  Sandpiper  at  Marblehead,  Mass. 

37' 
Bee,  Honey,  10,  13. 
Beetle,  Tiger,  7. 
Blackbird,  Rusty,  53. 
Black   form    of  Cicindela   purpurea  in 

New  Hampshire,  the,  10. 
Blissus  leucopterus,  3 
Bolitotherus  bifurcus,  35. 
Buprestidse,  27. 
Buteo  borealis,  14. 

swainsoni,  23. 


Calamospiza  bicolor,   22. 
Calosoma  willcoxi,    37. 
Campephilus  imperialis,  42. 
principalis,  42. 


Canace  canadensis,  30. 
Cai-abidae,  7,  24,  37. 
Cardinalis  virginianus,  21. 
Carduelis  elegans,  21. 
Caribou,  9. 

Carphophiops  amoenus,  7. 
Carpocapsa  pomonella,  28. 
Carpodacus  purpureus,  52. 
Cathartes  atrata,  30. 

aura,   24. 
Centrophanes  ornatus,  21. 
Centurus  carolinus,  23, 
Certhia  familiaris,  9,  50. 
Chalcophora  virginiensis,  27. 
Chickadee,  25. 
Chinch-bug,  3. 
Chipmunk,  14. 
Chondestes  grammica.   21. 
Chrysomela  10  lineata,  2. 
Chrysomitris  pinus,  28. 
Cicindela  ancocisconensis,  38. 

purpurea,  10. 
Cicindelidse,  7. 
Codling-moth,  28. 
Collecting  Stylopidaj,  12. 
Colorado  Potato-Beetle,  2. 
Colubridse,  6. 
Corvus  corax  carnivorus,  22. 

ossifragus,  22, 
Crithagra  butyracea,  21. 

Crossbill,  White-winged  53. 
Curvirostra  leucoptera,  53. 


Dendroeca  aestiva  51. 

aviduboni,  5. 

blackburnise  51. 

cairulescens,  51. 

coronata,  51. 

dominica  5. 

maculosa,  51. 

palmarum  hypochrysea,  35. 

palmarum  palmarum,  35. 

pennsylvanica  51. 

pinus,  25. 

striata,  53. 

virens,  51. 
Dendroeca  pinus  in  winter,  25. 


56 


J?idtx. 


Dicerca  asperata,  27. 

divaricata,  27. 

lurida,  27. 

punctulata,  27. 
Dytiscidse,  24. 
Dytiscus  confluens,  24. 

E. 

Elanoides  forficatus.  23. 

Empidonax  minimus,  26. 

Erethizon  dorsatus,  17. 

Eucrada  humeralis,  27. 

Euspiza  americana,  26. 

Eutaenia  sirtalis,  6,  26. 

Eutsenia  sirtalis  swallowing  its  young, 

26. 
Evotomys  gapperi,  15. 


Falco  columbarius.  53. 

Few  remarks  on  CicindelidtC,  a.  7. 

Fiber  zibethicus,  17. 

Finch,  Pine.  52. 

Florida  caerulea.  30. 

Fox,  Red,  9. 

Frogs,  10. 

Fulmarus  glacialis,  34. 

G. 

General  habits  of  the  New  England 

DjtiscidEe,  24. 
General  Notes.  9,  25,  37,  52. 
Geothljpis  philadelphica,  50. 

tnchas,  50. 
Grosbeak,  Pine,  53. 
Guiraca  ludoviciana,  22. 
Gull.  Swallow-tailed.  37. 

H. 

Habits  and  transformations  of  Bolito- 

therus  bifurcus,  35. 
Habits  of  three  species  of  New  England 

Golubridse,  6. 
Hares,  18. 

Harporhvnchus  rufus.  46. 
Hawk.  Pigeon,  53. 
Red-tailed,  14. 
Hawk-moth,  19. 
Helminthophaga  celata,  5. 
leucobronchialis.  5. 
pinus,  35. 
Helminthotherus  vermivorus,  5. 
Hesperocichla  njevia,  4. 
Hesperomys  leucopus,  15. 
Hierofalco  gyrfalco  obsoletus,  23. 
Himantopus  mexicanus,  32. 
Hirundo  horreorum,  ^i. 


History  of  the  Society,  the,  i. 
Hydrophilus   triangularis    at    Swamp- 

scott,  Mass..  26, 
Hydroporus  convexus,  24. 
Hylotomus  pileatus,  45. 


I. 


lonornis  martinica,  T^2 

J- 

Jaculus  hudsonius,  15, 
Junco  oregonus,  21 
Jumping  Mouse,  15. 


Lagopus  albus,  30. 
Lanius  ludovicianus,  20. 
Late  date  for  Parula  americana, 
Leporidae,  iS. 
Lepus  americanus,  18. 
sylvaticus,  18. 


Linnet,  Red-poll, 


M. 


Machetes  pugnax,  31. 
Megalestris  skua,  34. 
Melospiza  meloda,  26. 
Microrhamphus  griseus,  31. 

griseus  scolopaceus,  31. 
Migrations  of  insects,  the,  2. 
Mimus  carolinensis,    49. 

polyglottus,  4. 
Mniotilta  varia,  50. 
Moth,  Canker-worm.  28. 
Mouse,  Field,  16. 

House,  15 

Jumping,  15. 

Pine.  16. 

Red-backed,  15. 

White-footed,  15. 
Muridse,  15. 
Mus  decumanus,  15. 

musculus,  15. 

rattus,  15. 
Muskrat,  17. 
Myiodioctes  canadensis.  51. 

mitratus,  5. 


Nettion  crecca,  33. 
New  England  Philampeli,  18. 
Note  on  the  Whip-poor-will,  a,  9. 
Notes  on  certain  Coleoptera,  27. 
Notes  on  collecting  certain  Buprestidce. 
Notes  on  the  changes  in   the   larvae  of 
Orgyia  leucostigma,  39. 


Indt 


Notes  on  the  habits  and  distribution 
of  the  Massachusetts  Rodentia,  13. 

Notes  on  the  larvae  of  certain  Heter- 
ocerous  Lepidoptera,  28. 

Nvctale  tengmahiii  richardsoni.  23. 

Nvctherodius  viohiceus,  30. 

O. 

On  tlie  distribution  of  the  Ivory-billed 
Woodpecker  ( Campephiliis  princi- 
palis)^ 42. 

Ophilolus  doliatus  var,  triangulus,  9. 

Oporornis  agilis,  5. 

Orgyia  antiqua.  42. 

leucostigma,  39. 

Ornithological  notes  from  the  Magda- 
len Islands.  52. 


Papilio  cresphontes   at  Berlin,    Conn. 

52>- 
Parula  americana,  9,  50. 
Parus  atricapillus,  2^,   50. 

hudsonius,  4. 
Pelecanus  erjthorhjncus,  33. 

fuscus,  ^^. 
Pelidna  subarquata,  31. 
Perisoreus  canadensis.  22. 
Perissoglossa  tigrina,  5. 
Petrochiledon  lunifrons,   51. 
Philanipelus  achemon.  19. 

pandoras,  18. 

satellitia,  18. 
Picoides  tridactvlus  americanus,  22. 
Pinicola  enucleator,  53. 
Plant  destructive  to  Bees,  a,  10. 
Plegadis  falcinellus,  30. 
Polioptila  caerulea,  4. 
Polistes  metrica,  12. 
Porcupines,  x\merican,  17. 

White-haired,  17. 
Porzana  jamaicensis,  t^i. 
Progne  subis,  52. 
Puffinus  borealis,  34. 
Purpuricenus    hunieralis  var.  axillaris. 

27- 
humeralis  var.  huineralis,  28. 
Pyranga  eestiva,  20. 

iudoviciana.  20. 
rubra.  52. 

Qj.iiscalus  major.  22. 


R. 


Rabbit.  Grav.  18. 
White'.  18 


Ral'us  elegans,  32. 

.  longirostris  crepitans,  32. 
Rarer  birds   of  Massachusetts,   the.  4, 

20,  30. 
Rat,  Black,  15. 

Norway,  15. 
Reci.rvirostra  americana,  31. 
Red  Fox  at  Randolph,  Mass.,  the,  9 
Red  Squirrel  swimming,  25. 
ReL,ulus  calendulus,  50. 

satrapus,  50. 
Rh^  nchops  nigra,  t,^. 

S. 

Sandpiper,  Baird's,  37. 
Sciuridae,  13. 

Sciuropterus  volucella,  13. 
Sciurus,  carolinensis.  13. 

cinereus,  14. 

hudsonius,  14,  25. 
Selenophorus  ellipticus   at  Nantucket, 
Serinus  meridionalis,  2f. 
Setophaga  ruticilla,   51. 
Sialia  sialis,  49. 
Sitta  canadensis,  50. 

carolinensis,  50. 
Siurus  auricapillus.  49. 

motacilla,  5. 
Snake,  Garter,  6. 

Little  brown.  6. 

Red,  7. 

Striped,  6,  25. 
SpalacopodidiE,  17. 
Sparrow.  Song,  26. 
Speotyto  cunicularia  hypogea,  23. 
Sphvropicus  varius  nuchalis.  23. 

23. 
Squirrel,  Flying,  13. 

Fox,  14. 

Grav.  13. 

Red'.  14'. 

Striped,  14. 
Sterna  anglica.  34. 

cantiaca  acuflavida,  34. 

fuliginosa,  34. 

regia,  34. 
Storeria  dekayi.  6. 
Stylopid?e,  12. 
Stylops,  13. 
Sula  leucogastra.  33. 


Tachina.  19. 
Tachycineta  bicolor.  51. 
Tamias  striatus.  14. 
Thaumatias  linnsei.  22, 
Third   specimen  of  the  Swallow-tailed' 
Gull  {Xema  furcaturn).  37. 


58 


Index. 


Tiger  Beetle,  7. 
Thrj'othorus  ludovicianus,  4. 
Troglodytes  iiedon,  50. 
Turdus  fucescens,  49. 

migratorius,  48. 

mustelinus,  49. 

pallasi,  49. 
Two  rare  Carabidae  from  Eastern  Mas- 
sachusetts, 37. 
Tjrannus  dominicensis,   22. 


Vireo  olivaceus,  53. 
Vireosylvia  philadelphica,  20. 
Vulpes  vulgaris,  9. 

W. 

Warbler,  Blue  Yellow-back,  9. 
Mourning. 


Warbler,  Pine,  25. 

Wasp,  Paper,  12. 

Where  Frogs  go  in  winter,  10. 

Whip-poor-will,  9, 

Woodchuck,  14. 

Woodpecker,  Imperial,  42. 

Ivory-billed,    42. 

Pileated,   45. 


Xanthocephalus  icterocephalus,  22. 
Xema  furcatum,  37. 

sabinei,  34,  37. 
Xenos,  12. 


Zapodidge,  15. 


END    OF   VOLUME    I. 


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