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EKEVETT HlAJo ©E:
THE RECORD
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY,
1861-65.
Br ALONZO H. QUINT,
ITS CHAPLAIN.
BOSTON:
JAMES P. WALKER.
1867.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867,
BY JAMES P. WALKER,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.
Z ^ <^ Q ^
Cambridge : Press of John Wilson and^SoB*^--
TO
THE MEMORY OF ITS DEAD,
AND
THE FUTURE OF ITS LIVING.
PREFACE.
Counting it the honor of my Hfe to have been the
Chaphiin of the Second Massachusetts Infantry, the
preparation of this record has been no less a work of
love than of duty.
My own full notes, compared with, and completed
by, the note-books of officers and enlisted men, were
its basis. I have also carefully studied all the various
rolls, books, and reports of the regiment and of com-
panies ; the full papers preserved by Brevet Major-Gen-
eral Gordon ; private letters, and letters in newspapers ;
official reports of generals, the Report of the Committee
on the Conduct of the War, and the State papers ;
special histories of campaigns and biographies, as well
as rebel histories, biographies, and official reports. In
addition to the thanks due to Adjutant J. A. Fox and
others of the regiment, I acknowledge my obligations
to the officials in the Adjutant-General's office, for the
kindest facilities in the examination of their excellent
records.
The engraved portraits have, generally, been fur-
nished by friends.
^^ PREFACE.
I have described general movements onlv sufficiently
to specify the share of the Second. I have not criti-
cised military operations. I was not a military man
I pretend to no knowledge of strategy or tactics.
If I have been silent as to the gallant deeds of par-
ticular men, it was because I remembered the reply of a
commander, in 1863, to a request for the names of
men deserving medals : " Where all are meritorious, to
mention some is to do injustice to the remainder."
^^ " This regiment," wrote General Hooker, in 1864,
" as is known to two armies, has no superior." Yet
to indulge in praise seemed to me not only needless,
but contrary to that spirit which refused to put the
names of battles upon its colors.
•I have been painfully convinced that it is impossible
to record the history of a regiment. The narrative
hxcks the hving experiences. But this record is made
for men to whom every date is a scene, and everv name
a comrade; for widows and orphans, and for childless
parents. Their experiences will fill up the outline.
Myself sadly dissatisfied with the result of unsparin.
hxbor, yet I trust tiiat the men of the Second - from '
no one of whom,.in the discharge of my own dehcate
duties did I ever receive a discourtesy- will appre-
ciate the purpose, and be indulgent to the defects, of
this work.
New Bedford, Mass. ^' ^' ^-
CONTENTS.
THE HISTORY.
Page
I. The Beginning 1
11. Ca:mp Andrew 14
in. Patterson's Campaign 33
IV. Watching the River 43
V. The First Winter 60
VI. The Spring Campaign 67
VII. Banks's Retreat 80
VIII. General Pope 9G
IX. Cedar Mountain 104
X. Pope's Retreat 119
XI. Antietam 128
XII. The Winter 143
XIII. Chancellors ville 156
XIV. From Beverly Ford to Gettysburg . . . 175
XV. Journeyings 185
XVI. Up and Down the R.vilway 195
XVII. Home and Back 204
XVIII. For Atlanta 219
XIX. To the Sea 244
XX. Through the Carolinas 256
XXI. Northward 275
XXII. The End 288
"^"^ CONTENTS.
THE MEN.
I. The Enlisted Men, First Term 295
" »» M Second Term 432
" " Non-commissioned Staff . . 472
II. Commissioned Officers 475
III. Field and Staff ... r-nn
509
IV. The Colors and their Bearers ... 511
V. The Band ^10
olo
VI. Tables: Nativities gj«
«, Casualties in Action ciy
The Enlisted Men Accounted For ... 520
Commissioned Officers Accounted For . . 522
,, Summary ^no
Additions and Corrections 523
Index . .
525
ENGRAVINGS.
George H. Gordon opposite mie-page.
Edward Gardiner Abbott oppositep.U
George L. Andrews . . o.
„ o4
KrcHARD Cary .
117
Wilder Dwight
James Savage, Jun. . .
„ 148
Charles Redington Mudge . 101
-..^ loi
VViLLiAM Cogswell . . o.„
, 256
Alonzo PIall Quint ^g^^
William Blackstone Williams . 488
Thomas Bavley Fox, Jun * 501
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS mFANTRY.
HISTORY.
I.
THE BEGINNING.
On SatiircLay, the 13th day of April, 1861, tidings
of the attack upon Fort Sumter came to Boston.
On that day, E. R. Mudge, R. S. Fay, jun., Greely
S. Curtis, A. B. Underwood, and others, were in con-
sultation with George H. Gordon, an educated and
experienced soldier. " You must give up every thing
now," said Major Gordon, addressing Mr. Under-
wood, — "and prepare for the war. Get men ready.
Go to drilling. Get yourself ready, and give up every
thing else."
Major Gordon had already fully considered the sub-
ject. He had early foreseen the great troubles which
were to come upon the nation, and advocated prepara-
tion. His military knowledge had given him a promi-
nent position in the consultations held at the State
House. His advice had been sought, and largely fol-
lowed, in the organization of the militia for active
service ; which enabled the governor to send, upon a
few hours' notice, the earliest regiments to the defence
1
^ SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
of the national capital. Ilis interest in the approaching
struggle had led him to address a meeting of the Suf-
folk bar. Pie had already pledged himself to re-enter
the military service of the country, and had therefore
resigned the command of the New-England Guards ;
advising the members of that battalion to regard it as
a nursery of officers, rather than to attempt to take it,
as an organization, into the field.
" Wherever," said Major Gordon to the battalion, upon
resigning his command, " any son of Massachusetts can
render the most efficient service to the State, there, in my
judgment, should his efforts be given. Although, in the first
outbreak of war, reliance must necessarily be placed upon
oin- militia, in whose ranks are found men of the best classes
in our community, yet, for prolonged and continuous service,
a composition of forces like that constituting the army of the
general government is indisputably the most efficient and ser-
viceable, — a composition in which the character and intelli-
gence of our best citizens must be used to organize and drill
the bone and muscle of those upon whom we must rely for
our armies.
Then we may, with a small body of well-instructed gentle-
men, impart information, raise into an organization and render
efficient very many large bodies of men, all of whom will in
time become soldiers rather tlian undisciplined mobs of raw
militia.
Wherever, in the present sudden emergency, any, even the
least, capacity exists to impart information and efficiency to
a company of privates, we cannot afford to waste precious
material that may instruct many others, by caHing it to render
individual service as privates rather than officers.
My aim, as chief of the New-England Guards, has been
rather to impart to my command the necessary instruction
THE BEGINNIXG. 3
to enable them to command rather than to build up a com-
pany to serve as privates during the fatigues of a long cam-
paign.
Massachusetts needs to-day military skill, science, and
power to instruct. No man has a right to refuse his skill to
drill the body of the militia of our State, even though he
sacrifices that ambition so near to a soldier's heart, to be the
first to bleed for his country."
On the 15th, Major Gordon was summoned to the
State House, to advise regarding the forwarding of tlie
militia regiments that morning called for by the Presi-
dent of the United States. Upon returning from tlie
consultation, he said to ]Mr. Underwood, "The governor
has told me, that, when he gets these troops off, I shall
go with the next regiment." That day, and the suc-
ceeding, the gentlemen already mentioned, with others,
discussed the measures necessary for raising troops
"for the war." Underwood was ready to go; so was
Curtis.
So were George L. Andrews, Wilder Dwight, and a
thousand gallant men all over the State ; who, as yet
without concert, were destined to make a name in
history for the Second Massachusetts Infantry. They
were soon brouo-ht together.
On the 18th day of April, Wilder Dwight entered
the office of Major Gordon, — Dwight was a mem-
ber of the New -England Guards battalion, — and
said abruptly, "Will you raise a regiment?" j\Iajor
Gordon replied, "I am already committed to that.
I have spoker\ to the governor upon that subject ;
and he has promised me the command of the first
4 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
regiment which leaves the State for the war." D wight
repeated his question, in its precise language, and re-
ceived the same reply. Major Gordon then explained
the difficulties in the way of raising- a regiment upon
such principles as seemed to him essential.
These difficulties depended upon the fact, that, at that
time, no law authorized the reception of forces into the
service of the Government otherwise than as organized
militia, and that only for a brief period. By the laws
of Massachusetts, all officers were to be chosen by the
men, — a system which Major Goi'don, with all other
soldiers, knew to be destructive of proper discipline.
Nor would the clothing and equipment of the men
follow the army model, which his foresight perceived to
be necessary ; and the opposite of which, a very short
experience, by another regiment, proved to be absurd.
These and other difficulties were discussed at length
in the interview, but without arriving at any satis-
factory solution. But, before they separated, D wight
suggested, as indispensable, the raising of a fund for
regimental purposes. This was agreed upon, and the
following paper was immediately drawn up : —
Boston, April 18, 1861.
Whereas it is proposed forthwith to raise, equip, and
organize a regiment of men, to be drilled for efficient service
in the defence of the Government wherever they may be
needed; and whereas Major George H. Gordon has offered
his services to superintend and aid in this purpose, and action
has already been taken by the Governor to offer such a regi-
ment to the Government, —
The undersigned hereby agree to contribute the sums set
THE BEGINNING. 5
opposite their respective names to pay the expense of such
equipment and organization, and the support of the regiment
until it can be received into the service and pay of the Gov-
ernment.
With this paper, Dwight left the office : in less than
an hour he brought it back, bearing subscriptions for
five thousand dollars. In a few days, the sum was
increased to nearly thirty thousand, only sixty-five
per cent of which proved to be necessary. Of this
fund, Mr. Thomas Dwight was the treasurer. The list
of subscribers will be given in a subsequent page.
At this same interview, the manner of addressing
the public was discussed ; for that a regiment was to
be raised was a foregone conclusion, notwithstanding
all difficulties. It was determined to issue bills adver-
tising the raising of a regiment; and, within a day or
two, these were printed, and posted in public places.
This notification, it is believed, preceded the measures
under which any other three-years' regiment was raised.
It was also soon settled, that George L. Andrews, of
Boston, who had also been in the councils at the State
House, ought to be lieutenant-colonel.
It would have been difficult to find three men equally
qualified for the work before them.
The first, after graduating at West Point, in 1846,
had immediately entered upon active service. He had
participated in every action of General Scott's cam-
paign, from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico ; had been
severely wounded after the fall of that city ; had been
brevetted " for gallant and meritorious conduct ; " and
b SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
not until after nine years of service, sometimes as far
away as Oregon, had he conckided to return to civil
Hfe. Entering upon tlie practice of the law, he was
rapidly making himself successful, when he again
brought to the service of the country the clear intellect,
thorough knoAvledge, rapid decision, and power of
exciting enthusiasm, which have been recognized by
subsequent promotion, well-earned, and only too slowly
given.
George L. Andrews had graduated at West Point,
in 1851, at the head of his class. Assigned to duty as
assistant to Colonel Thayer of the Engineers, he had
been engaged for three years in the construction of Fort
Warren, in Boston harbor ; had been ordered to West
Point as Acting Assistant Professor in the Department
of Civil and Military Engineering, the Science of War,
&c., where he remained a year, and resigned on
account of the absurd inadequacy of the (then) })ay to
support a family. Thoroughly acquainted with military
science from its broadest principles to its slightest
details, a thorough disciplinarian, a man to whom duty
was law, his merit has shown itself in higher stations
and important commands. These qualifications he
brought to the Second, refusing the place of paymaster,
and also the colonelcy of a regiment of volunteers.
Wilder D wight was a graduate of Harvard College,
— of high rank in the class of 1853, — and of its Law
School. With a clear mind, high culture, indomita-
ble Avill, genial and persuasive powers, with the culture
obtained by foreign travel and the discipline of study
THE BEGINNING. 7
with Caleb Gushing and Judge Hoar, — lie had sprung
at once into the higlier ranks of his profession. lie was
not without some knowledge of military routine, ac-
quired at a military school. lie would have seen high
rank but for the fatal day of Antietam.
These men gave their best powers and most earnest
devotion to their country. For its sake they deter-
mined to make a regiment worthy of the cause. How
far they succeeded is now historical.
Previous to any overt act of rebellion, Greely S.
Curtis, of Boston, had said to Major Gordon, "If this
thing leads to war, I wish to go ; and I should like to
go under your command." In the interviews alluded
to, Mr. Curtis again spoke of entering the service.
He was promised a commission. He mentioned the
names of several of his friends whom he thought quali-
fied ; among them were James Savage, jun., and Henry
L. Higginson, of Boston. After some inquiries they
were promised suitable positions. These gentlemen
and others assisted in raising money, and in other
methods. Their recommendation was justified.
On Thursday, April 25, the "Boston Journal"
said : —
" Recruiting offices for the new I'egiment under Major
Gordon were opened yesterday at 22, Canal Street ; at Clin-
ton Street, corner of Merchants' Row; and at 129, Federal
Street. . . . Another ... at No. 55, State Street, next to en-
trance to Merchants' Exchange."
At Canal Street was Mr. Curtis ; at Clinton Street,
Mr. A. D. Sawyer ; at Federal Street, j\lr. Under-
8 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
wood, and Richard S. Fay, jun. ; at State Street, J.
Parker Whitney, — afterwards, Mr. Underwood, and,
still later, Francis H. Tucker and T. L. Motley, jun.
Some of these offices were temporarily suspended
after a few days ; for the consideration was weighty
that there was yet no authority to raise a regiment, and
no evidence that one tendered would be accepted. It
was determined, therefore, to apply for authority
directly to the War Department. The State gave its
sanction, and Messrs. Andrews and D wight were se-
lected to go to Washington.
They left Boston on the 25th of April. South of
Philadelphia, they began to find troops on the road :
but, being bearers of despatches from Governor Andrew,
they found no difficulty in getting to Perryville on the
Susquehanna, where they were obliged to take a tug-
boat for Annapolis ; for this was the time when the
road through Baltimore was in the hands of a brutal
mob allowed to work its will by an inefficient Executive.
Late in the evening of the 26th, Messrs. Andrews and
D wight reached Annapolis. The buildings and grounds
of the Naval School were filled with three-months' men ;
and, although there were the usual bustle and want of
system of raw troops, it was pleasant to see that the
Government had so far been spurred into life. Passes
were procured from General Butler for Washington ;
and information that a train would start at some uncer-
tain time in the night, — uncertain, because the road had
been damaged by Maryland rebels. Three days before,
a Massachusetts soldier, looking at a locomotive disabled
THE BEGINNING. 9
by Annapolis people, said, "I made this engine ; and I
can put it together again ; " and the Massachusetts
Eighth and the New-York Seventh opened the way to
the junction. But the road was again injured ; and
when Messrs. Andrews and Dwight, wifh Captain
(since Colonel) Maynadier of the Ordnance Corps, a
loyal Virginian, who had accompanied them from Perry-
ville, — after remaining all night in the station-house,
and settino; in the morning a breakfast of the usual
Southern hog and hominy, — started on the train, they
found frequent delays necessary for repairs. At Annapo-
lis Junction were trains filled with troops, and camps
were near by. Pickets were stationed along the road to
Washington ; troops were in that city, and reconnoi-
sances were being made. The loyal people were then
cheerful; but Breckenridge, Mason, Wigfall, Hunter,
and Clingman were still in Washington.
An interview with the Secretary of War was ob-
tained by the help of General Ripley, Chief of Ord-
nance, on Monday, April 29. The application did not
meet with favor. The Secretary doubted his right to
authorize the raising of a three-years' regiment. Then,
as some time later, it required effort to obtain the
privilege of defending the country. The messengers
from Massachusetts persisted. Dwight thought he
could draft a paper which would be satisfactory. Ap-
parently wearied with the importunity, the Secretary
told him to do so. It was done ; and, after a little
hesitation, signed. Dwight immediately telegraphed,
" All riirht : so ahead ! "
10 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
In that paper, which pledged the Secretary to accept
the regiment when it should be raised, the first author-
ity, in point of time, to raise a three-years' regiment,
was thus given to what became the Second Regiment
OF jNIassachusetts Infantry. When the President
issued his call. May 4, 1861, for thirty-nine regiments
of infantry and one of cavalry, for three years, this
regiment became one of the thirty-nine ; and it was,
with all other volunteer regiments, subsequently a part
of the half-million of men authorized by Act of Con-
gress, July 22, 1861.
With this permission, Andrews and D wight returned
home, still by way of Annapolis. With this authority,
with the assurance of aid from the Governor, and with
his promise that the commander should select his
officers, and with funds in plenty, the work was pushed
vigorously forward. The recruiting offices were re-
opened on the 29th, and others added. Charles F.
Morse opened an office in Salem ; James Savage, jun.,
in Eitehburg ; Charles R. Mudge, in Lynn ; Marcus
M. Havves, in Lawrence ; Eufus Choate, in Springfield ;
Richard Cary, Richard C. Goodwin, and others, in
Boston ; while men were recruited in Easton, in Berk-
shire County, and a few in other places, at the same
time.
The control of the funds and the designation of
methods were left with the commander. The particu-
lar rank to be given to Curtis, Savage, Higginson,
Mudge, and others was, by common consent, undecided :
the simple assurance, that, at the proper time, a suitable
THE BEGINNING. 11
assignment of rank should be made, conforming to the
impressions of the colonel as to fitness and capacity,
gave entire satisfaction and secured entire harmony.
The principal office — headquarters in Boston — was
opened at 20, State Street, Colonel Gordon being there
except during a temporary illness, when Lieutenant-
Colonel Andrews took charge. Charles Wheaton, jun.,
of Boston, was soon selected to aid, eventually becom-
ing adjutant. His value is well remembered, as he
remained in that capacity, declining promotion, until
he became, in 1862, commissary of subsistence, in
which station he rose to a place on the staff of a
corps commander. R. Morris Copeland, in the latter
part of April, by advice of James Savage, with whom
he had become acquainted in Salignac's drill-club, ap-
plied for the place of regimental quartermaster ; it was
given him ; and his indefatigable zeal and business
abihty made him a most valuable officer. Energetic
and faithful, he afterwards was aid to Major-General
Banks, and then assistant adjutant-general, with the
rank of major. Patriotic, able, and brave, yet — he
will pardon it — impulsive, he was finally sacrificed
to personal pique, — all who knew him felt unjustly
and on mere pretence.
It was held as a principle, that the officers should
be first selected, and they should recruit their own
companies ; and not that the men elect their officers.
This principle was apparently varied from in two instan-
ces, but only apparently. One was in the case of the
"Abbott Grays."
12 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
This was a company raised in Lowell. On the
mornino: succeeding; the attack of the Baltimore rebels
on Massachusetts troops, Edward G. Abbott, of Low-
ell, commenced raising a company "for the war." It
was filled that day. Organized under the militia laws
of the State, under the name of the " Abbott Grays "
(in compliment to Hon. J. G. Abbott), it had a cap-
tain and four lieutenants, who received their commis-
sions from the Governor. When it was known that
Colonel Gordon was raising; a rcijiment, Hon. Mr.
Abbott applied to him to 'receive this company as a
part of his command. After an interview with Captain
Abbott, the manly qualities of that officer, and the
superior material in the ranks, satisfied the Colonel ;
and the company was received, with Edward G. Abbott
as captain ; Harrison G. O. Weymouth, for a few
weeks, first lieutenant; then William D. Sedgwick,
first lieutenant ; and James Francis, second lieutenant :
A.bbott, to fall at Cedar Mountain ; Weymouth, to
attain the rank of major, and to lose a limb at Frede-
ricksburg; Sedgwick, to die at Antietam ; and Francis,
to become a field-officer, but to bear for ever the marks
of the enemy's bullets,.
On the same day with the above, William Cogswell,
a lawyer in Salem, commenced recruiting there. The
company was soon filled ; named the " Andrew Light
Guard," while in State service ; and went into camp
on Winter Island, Salem Harbor, in "Camp Webb,"
about the 2 2d of April. Through the instrumentality
of the Governor, it was made a part of Colonel
THE BEGINNING.
13
Gordon's regiment, i with William Cogswell, captain,
to become brevet-brigadier-general ; Edwin R. IIill,
a former soldier in Mexico, first lieutenant, to fall in
battle ; and Robert B. Brown, second lieutenant, then
a law-student, but to leave the service senior captain in
his regiment.
1 » Major Gordon, of this city, is raising a regiment. He is a West-Point
officer of great merit. His second officer is also a distinguished graduate
of West Point. Perhaps you would find it agreeable to add so valuable a
body of men as you offer, to his corps; and I presume that your applica-
tion, under cover of this letter, may invite his respectful consideration, if
his ranks are not already full, and his officers selected." - Letter of Gwer-
nor Andrew, May 6.
1-i SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY
II.
CAMP ANDREW.
Brook Farm, a locality in West Roxbury, once well
known as the seat of an experiment on the " community "
system, was owned, in 1861, by Rev. James Freeman
Clarke, of Boston. When it became necessary to secure
a site for a camp, this place occurred to ]Mr. Copeland
as suitable. The patriotic owner freely consented, and
gave its use without pay.^ It was capacious and pleas-
ant, well watered, and had upon it some large build-
ings. Its use was obtained on the 9th of May; and,
on the 11th of May, Camp Andrew — so named from
respect to the faithful, patriotic Governor — was estab-
lished by the coming of Captain Abbott's company,
thenceforward known as " Company A."
On the afternoon of May 14, Captain Cogswell's
company (C) ari'ived in camp, seventy -five men; and,
1 The liberal proposal of anotlier gentleman, who had been inquired of
regarding an estate of his, ouglit to be noticed. " If the State of Massachu-
setts requires any such place for the accommodation of its soldiery, for one
year, or for three years, or during the whole term of the war now in pro-
gress, my estate in West Roxbury, at the end of Weld Street, and opposite
the Brook farm, is at its service, to be occupied by its artillery, cavalry, or
infantry, without any expense to the State, —free and gratis, — and with-
out payment of rent or taxes." — John C. Gore ^ Sons.
SA[PI [E[S)WA[^© -SoAKS
CAMP ANDREW. 15
shortly after, forty-two men from Fitchburg- and vicinity,
the first detachment of Company D, Captain Savage.
In the evening of the same day. Captain Whitney's
company (F), seventy-eight men, arrived. Late at
night — eleven o'clock — on the 15th, Captain Under-
wood brought Company I, eighty -two men. On the
20th, Company E, from Mcdway, eighty men, came to
camp. This company had been raised in April, and had
chosen its own officers. But, concluding to enter the
regiment, it agreed, as the condition of acceptance, to
take the officers designated by Colonel Gordon. These
were, Samuel M. Quincy, captain, who came to be
colonel, but found his health so shattered by wounds
received at Cedar Mountain, and by rebel captivity,
that he could not endure the hardships of field service,
and became assistant inspector-general, with the rank
of lieutenant-colonel, and afterwards colonel of the
Seventy-third IT. S. C. T., and subsequently brevetted
brigadiei'-general ; William B. Williams, first lieuten-
ant, — a captain when he fell bravely at Cedar Moun-
tain ; and Ochran H. Howard, second lieutenant, to
be subsequently in charge of the signal corps of a
department.
Captain T. J. C Aniory, United - States Army
(afterwards brigadier - general of volunteers), being
appointed mustering-officer, began his duty at Camp
Andrew on the 18th, mustering in companies A, C,
F, I, and parts of other companies. As detachments
came, he mustered their men in. No record of the
first date appears ; it was probably omitted because the
reofiraent was at last mustered in as a whole.
16 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
The companies not already mentioned came in detach-
ments as recruited. They were organized as follows : —
Company B, — Greely S. Curtis, captain, whom ill
health, in 1864, drove from the service, when he was
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; Charles F.
Morse, first lieutenant, who, after a faithful service
(once wounded in North Carolina) , led home the regi-
ment in 1865 ; and James M. Ellis, second lieutenant,
who subsequently became commissary of subsistence,
with the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
Company D, — James Savage, jun., captain,' — a
lieutenant-colonel, when, a true soldier and gentleman,
he died of wounds received at Cedar Mountain ; Wil-
liam D. Sedgwick, first lieutenant, but transferred to
Company A before leaving camp, and succeeded by
Henry L. Higginson, who remained in the service
until ill health forced him to resign the commission of
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; and (after the
promotion of Higginson) Fletcher M. Abbott, second
lieutenant, who was eventually disabled by disease.
Company F was officered by Charles R. Mudge, •♦
captain (after a brief service by J. Parker Whitney),
who met a soldier's death while leading the regiment in
that gallant, fatal charge at Gettysburg ; Robert G.
Shaw, first lieutenant, who sleeps at Wagner ; and
Thomas R. Robeson, second lieutenant, who fell with
Mudge at Gettysburg.
Company G was commanded by Richard Cary, who
lingered one day after the sad 9th of August, 1862 ;
Henry S. Russell, first lieutenant, since colonel of the
CAMP ANDREW. 17
Fifth Massachusetts Cavahy ; and Anson D. Sawyer,
second lieutenant, who so long and so ably filled the
post of quartermaster, until, in front of Atlanta, ill
health sent him home.
Company H, — Francis H. Tucker, captain ; Thomas
L. Motley, jun., first lieutenant, to be permanently dis-
abled by wounds while major in the First IMassachu-
setts Cavalry ; and (after a brief service of Robert G.
Shaw) Stephen G. Perkins, second lieutenant, who
was added to the list of dead at Cedar Mountain.
Company I had Adin B. Underwood, captain, made
a brigadier - general for his gallant leading of the
Thirty-third Massachusetts at Wauhatchie, where he
was maimed for life ; Marcus M. Hawes, first lieuten-
ant, afterwards assistant quartermaster in the Depart-
ment of the Gulf; and Rufus Choate, second lieutenant,
whose broken constitution and recent death were the
price of his loyalty.
Company K was commanded by Richard C. Goodwin,
who left an ambulance, at Cedar ]\Iountain, to fall in
"battle : George P. Bangs, first lieutenant, afterwards
prostrated by disease ; and Charles P. Horton, second
lieutenant, afterwards an assistant adjutant-general.
The staff, in addition to the adjutant and quarter-
master already noticed, was composed as follows : —
Lucius M. Sargent, jun., surgeon, who, after dis-
playing eminent ability in that post, entered the First
Massachusetts Cavalry as captain, and fell, a lieutenant-
colonel, near Bell Field, Va., in 18G4 ; Lincoln R.
Stone, assistant-surgeon, eventually surgeon of volun-
18 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
teers ; and, in June, Rev. Alonzo H. Quint, chaplain,
whose church, at Jamaica Plain, gave lilm two years'
leave of absence, before their final separation.
The non-commissioned- staff was made up as follows :
George W. Blake, a soldier in the regular service
in the Florida and Mexican Wars, was appointed ser-
geant-major, eventually disabled by disease ; James H.
Fletcher, quartermaster - sergeant ; Erastus B. Carll,
who had served five years in the Fourth United-States
Artillery, commissary-sergeant, and earned promotion ;
Joseph W. Nutting, hospital-steward, wlio served un-
til he died of disease ; Henry Kesselhuth, who had
been a soldier (and wounded) in the Brunswick service
in the revolutions of 1848, drum-major; and Charles
Spiegel was band-leader until regimental bands were
discharged. That band, raised under the auspices of
P. S. Gilmore, was a rare acquisition.
The first sergeants of the several companies were
these : —
Company A, — Eben B. Whitten, killed at Cedar
Mountain. Company B, — Joseph C. Hill, who had
served in India, and who became an officer on the staff
of General Rosecrans. Company C, — George B.
Browning, severely wounded at Cedar Mountain, and
made an officer in the Invalid Corps. Company D, —
Theodore K. Parker, promoted for gallant conduct.
Company E, — William R. Parsons, afterwards dis-
charged for wounds at Antietam. Company F, — Sol-
omon Martin, killed at Antietam. Company G, —
Georo-e P. Southack, once a soldier in the United-
CAMP ANDREW. 19
States service, in Utah, disabled at Cedar Mountain.
Company H, — Charles F. Green. Company I, —
Everett W. Pattison, a graduate of Waterville College,
who became captain. Company K, — William T. Mix,
who soon died of disease contracted in the line of duty.
Hans G. Christensen was color-sergeant, who, disabled
by disease, shed tears as he saw, from the hospital tent
at Darnestown, the colors carried out in battalion drill.
' ' That flag that I have taken such care of, " he said to
the chaplain, " I shall never carry again." He left it
to a line of successors, in whose hands it was never
dishonored ; the most of whom are sleeping in soldiers'
graves.
Of the other non-commissioned officers and the men,
their names and deeds will be recorded by and by.
They entered the service before the days of bounties.
The pay they expected was eleven dollars a month.
Some had seen service in India, before and behind the
works of Sebastopol, in the French service, in the
revolutions of 1848, in Florida, in Mexico, in Oregon,
and on the Plains ; and these were ready to renew the
hardships of march and bivouac and camp, of picket
and reconnoissance, of skirmish and battle, of ambulance
and hospital. To most, war was a mysterious thing,
full of unknown terrors ; but these men were ready to
meet them for the country's sake. No nobler, truer,
braver men left home than these, who, led ]by such
officers, gave the Massachusetts Second its noble
record.
The regiment was gradually filled. At Colonel
20 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Gordon's head-quarters in Boston there was great activ-
ity. The office was alive, day after day, with men,
who, as accepted, were sent to Camp Andrew. The
general business was pressing, but easily despatched by
one so well versed in all military details as Colonel
Gordon, and assisted by such a man as Major Dwight.
At camp, Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews soon appeared,
and took his quarters. The drill and discipline there
fell mainly to his share of work. Sergeant Collins,
of the United-States Sappers and Miners, was obtained
as drill-master ; but he did not remain long, and Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Andrews himself drilled the officers, and
had, as well as Colonel Gordon later, recitations daily.
In fact, with their own drill, the drill of the men,
attention to all roll-calls, guard-mounting, parade, and
daily riecitations in tactics, the officers had little time to
call their own. The hours of duty, as recorded, will
show this : —
" 4.45, A.M., Reveille ; 5.20, Inspection of quarters by
company officers ; 5.30, Roll call of companies, and squad-
drill ; 6.45, Surgeon's call, and signal for drill to cease ; 7,
Signal for breakfast ; 7.40, Inspection of guard detail by first
sergeants of companies; 7.45, Guard mounting; 8.30, Signal
for drill by squads ; 10.30, Signal for drill by squads to cease,
and for commissioned officers to assemble for practical instruc-
tion ; 11.30, Signal for non-commissioned officers to assemble
for practical instruction, the sergeant-major will call tlie roll ;
12, M. Signal for commissioned officers to assemble for theo-
retical instruction; 12.45, p.m., Recall, and non-commissioned
officers' drill; 1, Signal for dinner; 3.30, Signal for drill;
6, Signal for drill to cease ; 6.30, Signal for companies to
CAMP ANDREW. 21
assemble for roll-call, and inspection by company officers ;
6.40, Adjutant's call, — signal for companies to be marched
by captains to parade-ground ; Immediately after parade,
supper; 9, Tattoo; 9.30, Taps."
When the commissions were issued at tlie State
House, those of the field officers were dated^ May
24 ; of the surgeon, May 28 ; of the assistant surgeon,
June 1 ; of the chaplain, June 20^; of the captains,
May 24 ; of the first lieutenants, May 25 ; and of tlie
second lieutenants, Ma}'^ 28.
The colonel issued his first order under the new
commission, as follows : —
Headquarters Second Reg. Mass. Vols.
Camp Andrew, West Roxbuey, May 27, 1861.
General Orders, No. 1.
1. The undersigned, having been duly invested with the
proper authority, hereby assumes the command of the troops
at this encampment.
1 On what principle the dates were assigned was never quite understood.
The date of the colonel's commission, when the papers were made out, was
found to be May 24; that of the colonel of the First Regiment, May 22,—
which, by rule, gave that regiment a nominal priority. As a matter of fact,
Colonel Cowdin had not been mustered in on the day that Colonel Gordon
was; at least. Captain Amory, mustering officer, so stated on the day of
Colonel Gordon's muster. By the rule, that commissions could be given only
after ten companies were mustered in. Colonel Cowdin's date was clearly
wrong; for his tenth company was not mustered until the 27th, according to
the reports of the adjutant-general, while the latest day possible to the
Second was the 25th. In addition, the Adjutant-general's Report, issued Jan-
uary, 1866, says tlie First Regiment " was mustered into the service of the
United States, June 15, 1861." If this was so, the question of priority is
settled, as the Department decided on May 25 as the date of the Second. It
is a matter of little moment, however; both regiments honored themselves
and Massachusetts.
2 This date should have been earlier; the inadvertence or misunderstand-
ing of that officer led to an error not perceived until too late to remedy.
22 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
2. The order of rank of the captains of the Second Regi-
ment, having been designated by authority duly delegated
from the War Department, is hereby promulgated for the
benefit of all concerned: 1st, Francis H. Tucker; 2d, Gree-
ly S. Curtis ; 3d, James Savage, jun, ; 4th, Edward G.
Abbott; 5th, Samuel M. Quincy; Cth, Richard Gary; 7th,
William Cogswell ; 8th, J. Parker Whitney ; 9th, Adin B.
Underwood; 10th, Richard C. Goodwin.
By command of Colonel George H. Gordon.
Charles R. Mudge, Acting Adjutant.
Power indeed had been had, but, until the muster-in,
its tenure was rather baseless. From the time of
formal appointment, it rested on firm foundations. In
fact, the military authority asserted, perhaps, its earliest
prerogative over citizens in Massachusetts at this camp.
It was when a citizen had opened a place for the sale
of intoxicating liquors. It was w^orking mischief. So,
after fruitless remonstrances, a squad was sent to the
place, under an officer ; and, although outside the camp,
unceremoniously emptied the liquors into the road,
and so abated the nuisance.
For the first six weeks, food was furnished to the men
ready cooked. Suitable cooks and stewards were pro-
vided ; and, three times a day, the men used to come to
the proper quarters. The system was changed, how-
ever, to fit men for actual service ; and company cooks
were detailed. It is worthy of record, that, under the
first system, although the groceries and some other food
were supplied by the same dealers as supplied the Tre-
mont and the Revere, and the extravagance of the food
was sharply commented upon, yet the average daily
CAMP ANDREW.
23
cost per man was found to have been short of twenty-
five cents ; while contractors for some other troops had
forty cents. The difference Avas in the oversight of
Quartermaster Copehand. The regimental fund paid
the bills.
The clothing was procured, by contract, from Whit-
ing, Galloupe, & Bliss, of Boston, and was the best the
regiment ever had. Strong efforts were made to have
" gray " adopted ; but Colonel Gordon was firm, — and
the opinion of Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews supported
him, — that the army uniform must be had. Indeed,
when the militia was to be made ready to go to Wash-
ington, Colonel Gordon, whose presence was asked at
a consultation, advised the army uniform. A general
said, " He hoped never to see the iSIassachusetts soldier
clothed in tlie uniform of the regular army. Such an
attempt had nearly caused a nmtiny in a Massachusetts
re<Timent in Mexico."—" I believe," said Colonel Gor-
don, " that the Avar is to be one of no short duration,
and, as the troops may wear out the clothes they
start with, it would be almost impossible for the Gover-
nor of Massachusetts to follow each soldier to the field
to supply a pair of INIassachusetts trousers. Besides,
all that saved the iMassachusetts regiment in Mexico
from returning in the 'uniform of the Georgia militia'
(shirt collar and pair of spurs) Avas due to the fact
that they Avcre supplied Avith United-States uniforms
Avhich they Avore hunie." The regimental fund enabled
Colonel Gordon to make his OAvn selections, especially
as the regiment Avas in an anomalous position as to
24: SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
authority. But the State subsequently assumed the cost
of the clothing.
It was with considerable effort that rifled muskets
were secured; but they were obtained, — the Enfield,
when the Enfield imported was a good piece. Gradu-
ally it was superseded by the Sj)ringfield, of substan-
tially the same character.
When, after weeks of preparation, the wagons were
brought to camp, — twenty-seven in those luxurious
days, — and the hundred finely selected wagon-horses
were tethered in the camp limits, the equipment was
well-nigh complete. No such was found anywhere in
service ; and when, in after days, wagons were cut down
in number^ and horses turned in, and at last nudes re-
placed the horses, the wagoners sighed, — rather tlie
wagoner, — for the twenty-five had, under successive
orders, dwindled to one.
Two flags had been presented to the regiment. The
first was on the 26th of June. The " Boston Daily
Advertiser " gave the following account : —
The regiment was drawn up in line of battle, and pre-
sented a fine and soldierly appearance. Their movements all
indicated a high state of efficiency and drill. A large
number of spectators, including the donors and their friends,
were present on the hill overlooking the parade-ground. At a
quarter-past five, Mr. E. Francis Bowditch advanced towards
Colonel Gordon, before the line, unfolding the colors to the
bi'eeze. The battalion saluted by presenting arms, the band
playing the " Star-Spangled Banner." The officers, having been
ordered to the front, gathered in a group around the colonel,
and were addressed by Mr. J. Lothrop Motley, on behalf of
the ladies presenting the flag, as follows : —
CAMP ANDREW. ^^
Colonel Gordon, Gentlemen, and Ladies : — Only three
hours ago, I was informed, to my utter surprise, that the honor
had hee°n conferred upon me of presenting this hanner to your
regiment.
I wish that some worthier and more experienced speaker
could have performed this service. And yet I could not find
it in my heart to deny myself the deep gratification of associ-
ating my name, in however subordinate a degree, with this
noble regiment and this most interesting occasion. I implore
your forgiveness for my inability adequately to express the
emotions°which are filling all our hearts. You will not value
the less this gift from the fair hands of your countrywomen,
from those who are near and dear to you, because of my
deficiency.
Never in my life did I so covet the divine gift of eloquence
as on this occasion. And yet I am consoled ; for, had I the
tongue of angels, I could not hope to match the mute elo-
quence of those stars and those stripes.
Nearly a century ago, there beyond the green hills, in the
fair and ancient town of Cambridge, the seat of the Muses,
on the 1st of January, 1776, that banner of stripes was first
unfurled to the breeze by the great hand of Washington.
The Continental Congress, eighteen months later, added the
cluster of stars. Then rose that glorious constellation, never
more to set. The starry symbol of our Union, respected
abroad on land and sea, and idolized at home, was never
degraded or trailed in the dust till 1861, and never by the
hands of foreigners. Never shall living man forget how
the hearts of all loyal Americans, whether dwelling on this
or the other side of the Atlantic, were thrilled, as by the sound
of the trumpet, when we first caught the response to the
call of the president for volunteers, the voice of twenty
millions whose bosoms were one.
To your hands. Colonel Gordon, to your tried valor, to
your signal ability, to your fortunate military experience on
26 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
the field of honor, we gladly intrust these our most precious
possessions, the bone and muscle of our ancient Common-
wealth, and the aspirations and the ardor of the youthful
chivalry of our State.
We know that in your hands, and in those of your brave
companions in arms, the welfare and honor of the whole
country are safe. Our hearts are too full for words. Our
hopes, our prayers, our pride, — every thing but our fears, —
go with you. In the name of your countrywomen, I present
to you this flag. We know that its folds will never be stained,
that they will ever wave foremost among the foremost where
duty and honor call.
As I place it in your hand, I will only add the brief and
simple phrase of the herald, in the early days of warfare and
of chivalry, — "May God defend the Right!"
Colonel Gordon then replied substantially as follows : —
Sir, — In the name of the Second Regiment of Massachu-
setts Volunteers, it becomes my duty to receive this magnifi-
cent flag, and to respond as well as I may. I could wish that
some one more eloquent might answer for them. But this is
not the hour or the place for words.
When I look upon this long line of men, eager to fight for
their country, and in the youthful but resolute faces of these
officers who surround me, I feel a deep sense of the responsi-
bilities on which I have entered, and which, God willing, I
will discharge. This flag of our country, which bears on its
folds the glorious record of the war of the Revolution, of the
war of 1812, and of another conquest of Mexico, has never
been trailed in the dust before a foreign foe. It was left to
our own countrymen to make the first record of its dishonor.
But it still continues the flag of our country, and, God willing,
none other shall wave defiantly before it. Never, till it was
struck down, did we feel it to be so truly the symbol of our
country's greatness. We had been accustomed to regard it in
times of peace as only a symbol of our prosperity ; but, now
CAjMP ANDREW. 27
that the hour of trial has come, we look to it as the emblem of
our freedom and our power. It shall never cease to wave
over our whole country.
We accept this flag, and Avill render our account of it here-
after. And, sir, borrowing the sentiment of that immortal
statesman, we will strive to defend it so that not a star shall
be removed nor a stripe erased.
At the conclusion of the colonel's address, the officers
returned to their posts. The color-guard advanced, received
the colors from Mr. Bowditch, and carried them to their posi-
tion in the line ; and the battalion was then marched off in
column of platoons to the parade-ground in front of the
encampment. The companies were then dismissed, and, half
an hour later, returned for dress-parade. At the close of
parade, the ladies and otlier friends of the officers were invited
to head-quarters, where they found an abundant collation.
The flag is an unusually fine one, six feet by nine, made of
the rifhest silk. The stars are of gold bullion, very heavy,
embroidered on a blue field. The staff is surmounted by a
solid silver eagle, heavily gilded, and is decorated with gold
tassels of great richness. The flag does great credit to the
designers and donors ; and we feel assured has been placed in
the hands of those who will esteem it an inestimable privilege
to carry it in the van of our army, and will never cease to
seek their country's welfare at any personal sacrifice.
The donors of this flag were — Mrs. llichard S. Fay,
jun., Miss Bowditch, Mrs. P. Stevens, Mrs. James
Lawrence, Mrs. George M. Barnard, INIiss Bartlett,
Miss Motley, Mrs. Eben Bacon, Miss S. F. Bradlee,
Miss Amory, Mrs. John G. Gushing, INIrs. James M.
Codman, Miss Sargent, Mrs. J. Ingersoll Bowditch,
jSfrs. Mudge, Mrs. Alice Bowditch, Mrs. N. T. liow-
ditch.
28 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
How gallantly this flag — the battle-flag — was borne,
may be seen in its remnants at the State House.
The State flag was presented on the 1st of July. It
had upon one side the State arms and motto, with the
name of the regiment; on the other, the inscription,
" We bear the flag, and keep step to the music, of the
Union,'" with the name of the regiment repeated.
The donors of this flag were — Miss Gary, Mrs.
Bangs, Misses Bangs, Mrs. Jere. Abbott, Mrs. J. M.
Bell, Mrs. Eufus Choate, Mrs. J. E. Pratt, Mrs. Good-
Avin, Miss Bowditch, Mrs. Henry F. Durant, Miss
Bartlctt, Miss Adams, Miss A. Reynolds, Miss Amory,
Misses Austen, Miss Horton, Miss Tyler, Miss Upton,
Miss Thwing, Miss Gray, Miss Hall, Mrs. Whitmore,
Miss Lombard, Miss Blake, Mrs. J. B. Upham, Miss
J. Whitney, Mrs. S. H. Walley, Miss Brewer, Mrs.
John E. Lodge, Mrs. R. C. Mackay, Mrs. T. H.
Perkins, Mrs. Samuel Hooper, Mrs. J. T. Coolidge,
Mrs. J. S. Coolidge, Mrs. H. Ritchie, Miss Curtis, Miss
Abbott, Miss Higginson.
Hon. George S. Hillard made the address of presen-
tation, in behalf of the ladies who gave it. So far as
preserved, his remarks were as follows: —
Colonel Gordon, — I have been requested to present this
flag to the regiment under your command. It is the gift of
some of our patriotic countrywomen, who, since the breaking-
out of this war, have shown in so many ways their high-
souled devotion to the cause of their country. For their sake,
as well as for the ideas which it symbohzes, I am sure it will
have a peculiar value in your eyes. And I have much pleas-
ure in performing this duty. I feel a special interest in the
CAMP ANDREW. 29
fate and fortunes of your regiment, from the fact that among
your ranks are several of my friends and one dear kinsman.
Upon this flag are displayed the arms of Massachusetts, a
State which we love so well, and which so well deserves our
love. But we love the Union none the less, but all the more,
because of our local attachment to the particular spot in
which our lot has been cast. Tlie affections of the heart are
increased, and not exhausted, by use. What should we say of
the man wdio should affirm that his love for his father was so
great that he had none left to bestow upon his mother?
Such, it seems to me, is the attitude of those who profess an
allegiance to their State of such kind and degree as to be
incompatible with an affectionate loyalty to the Union.
The flag has also as a motto or device the words, " "We
carry the flag, and keep step to the music, of the Union."
You know by what eloquent lips, now sealed in death, these
words were spoken, — words which have become proverbial
and immortal, a part of the circulating wealth of the intellect-
ual realm. This expression is one of those —
" Jewels, five words long,
That on the stretched forefinger of all time
Sparkle for ever."
In the quarry of that ricli and creative mind many such
crystals of speech were elaborated, — symmetrical, glittering,
translucent. These w^ords of the great orator, patriot, and
statesman, are with peculiar propriety borne upon this banner,
because his kindred and the children of his blood have been
largely instrumental in procuring it, and because his only son
is serving under your command. Assuredly, the father's
spirit is well pleased with what it sees this day.
And here I might pause ; for that which I was desired to
do I liave done. But you and the officers and men under
your command will permit me to maktf this occasion the text
for a few observations which I hope may prove pertinent
thereto.
30 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Colonel Gordon replied appropriately, but the 'reply
was never written out.
The " Transcript " added : —
" Both speeches were received with cheers ; and at the close
the regiment was marched into the carap, and, after an inter-
val of rest, was drawn up for the evening dress-parade, the
execution of which excited high praise. A refresliing colla-
tion was dispensed at head-quarters ; and the company were
entertained by music from tlie well-trained band, until the
shades of evening compelled them to beat an unwilling
retreat."
No rei^iment had warmer or kinder friends. The
mere suggestion of any want brought immediate sup-
ply. Money or time was not then, nor ever after,
spared to furnish the Second with every thing tliat
thoughtful love could imagine. Evidence of this will
appear in the course of this record. The Second
repaid the kindness, on many a hard-fought field.
Nearly two months passed away in steady prepara-
tion. Hard work, and severe — sometimes irksome —
discipline, made it no holiday. But it had its bright
side. Memory reproduces the spot. The guard at the
entrance ; the head-quarters, with the sentinel walking
his post, — a strange sight; the flagstaff where, from
reveille to retreat, the Stars and Stripes floated ; the
hospital in the rear of head -quarters, where surgeon and
assistant surgeon faithfully ministered ; the winding
road to the slope where the old tents were ranged in
double lines with company-street between ; the cook-
houses on the left ; the line-officers' tents crowning the
CAMP ANDREW.
31
slope ; the quarters of the excellent band ; the river
where men bathed by companies ; the drill-ground ; the
hollow Avhere, on the sabbath, was public worship ;
the level where, evening after evening, beauty and
generosity watched the strange and fiiscinating parade,
all are before the eye of such of the thousand men
as the fixte of war has left ; a thinned band now ; and
many that are left are scarred and maimed, to whom,
with other thousands, their country owes eternal grati-
tude.
Late in the evening of the 6th of July came this
communication : —
Camp Gordon, July 6, 8i, p.m.
Colonel Gordon, Second Regiment, M.V.
Sir, — The following despatch was received at head-quar-
ters this afternoon, at four o'clock : —
War Department, July 6, 1861
Adjutant-General, Mass.
Governor Andrew has been requested [by] telegraph to
the Brevoort House, New York, to order Colonel Gordon's
regiment to proceed as rapidly as possible to Williamsport,
via Chambersburg, and report to Major-General Patterson.
WiNFiELD Scott.
In the absence of His Excellency, I communicate the
message. Inasmuch as they knew, at Washington, that
your command Avas to leave on Monday, the fact of General
Scott sending the message makes it apparent that he wished
you to leave before; and we shall endeavor to make ar-
rangements to enable your regiment to leave for New York,
to-morrow, p.m.
AVm. Scuouler, Adjutant-General.
32 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Arrangements were not completed for tlie next after-
noon : but, on the morning of the 8th of July, tents
were struck ; baggage was packed ; quarters aban-
doned ; the men formed in column ; " route step, for-
ward I " and Camp Andrew ceased to be.
PATTERSON'S CAMPAIGN. 33
III.
Patterson's campaign.
"When, at ten o'clock on the morning of the 8th of
July, 1861, Camp Andrew Avas abandoned, — never
more to be occupied by troops, — the regiment marched
a mile and a half to West-Roxbury station, on the
Dedham Branch, to take cars for Boston. It was an
intensely hot day, never surpassed in severity in any
campaigns in Virginia or Georgia. At Boston, the in-
tended line of march through the principal streets was
wisely abandoned, although to the disappointment of
many friends who had provided refreshments at various
points. The regiment, under the escort of the Cadets,
was taken only from the station, through Trcmont,
Park, and Beacon Streets, to the southern end of the
Beacon-street Mall, on the Common, where tables
loaded with luxvu'ies awaited it. Partings were ended by
and by ; and, through the densest of crowded throngs,
the waving of flags, and the cheers of thousands, the
regiment entered the Providence station. Wagons,
horses, baggage, and wagoners, who had come direct-
ly to Boston, had their own train. A tliousand
and thirty-five men occupied theirs ; and, late in the
3
34 SECOND IVIASSACHUSETTS rNTANTRY.
afternoon, the journey of years began/ with welcome
at every station, — along the waters, which glittered in
the' evening moonlight ; Upon the steamer at Groton,
with but one accident, the stepping of an officer into
the water, from which he emerged safely ; over the
Sound through the night, and in the waters of New-
York Bay in the morning ; landing, and a rest in City-
Hall Park, with food for the men, while a breakfast at
the Astor exhibited the generous love of the host for
the Second, — to be repeated when that same spot was
again its camp in 1863 ;' an ovation in the streets ;
steamboat to Elizabethport ; hours of waiting there,
with new kindnesses ; and, at eleven o'clock at night,
on the train of the New- Jersey Central.
Then there was a long journey across New Jersey ;
sweeping through central Pennsylvania ; meeting the
fires of the iron-furnaces at the gray of dawn ; dipping
hands and bathing faces, at a short halt, in the beauti-
ful river of the Lehigh Yalley ; dashing down the mag-
nificent wheat-fields of the Cumberland Valley ; across
the lovely Susquehanna, at Harrisburg ; and entering
Hagerstown past midnight, to meet, for the first time,
the peremptory " Halt ! " of the sentinel, before finding
rest in the churches of that town ; on the next afternoon,
marching to Williamsport, there to pitch the new Sib-
ley tents on the level beside the Potomac, under the
few guns on the bluff above ; at five next morning,
1 On the Common, one man left. " The sheriffs of our several counties
and their respective deputies " found "the bodj' of George H. Sweet, of Ty-
ringham, in the county of Berkshire, a minor," by direction of " Theron
Metcalf, J.S.J.C. " The body was alive.
patteeson's campaign. 35
July 12, fording tlie river, and entering that Virginia
destined to furnish the grave of many a hero.
It was thirteen miles to Martinsburg, and knapsacks
â– were heavy ; but, in the afternoon, that place was
reached. The last mile was lined with lively men, the
three-months' soldiers, who were amazed to see men
march with knapsacks ; and when, passing through the
town, and turning to the left, the regiment halted on a
pleasant height, it pitched its tents among the camps of
Patterson's eighteen thousand men. Here we obtained
much news; viz., that "Johnston is falling back,"
that " Johnston is so chagrined at his position that he
is continually drunk ; " that " two companies of rebels
have deserted to our side," and other equally valuable
information. On the 14th, the regiment w^as assigned
to the sixth brigade, Colonel Abercrombie.
General Patterson, who had been a captain in the
war of 1812, and had served with credit in Mexico, was
a Pennsylvanian, of the three-months' service. His
forces had been collected at Chambersburg, where he
took command on the 2d of June, and his first object
was to dislodge the enemy from Harper's Ferry.
When, after overcoming various obstacles, he advanced
to Williamsport, which he reached on the 15th, the
rebel Johnston abandoned Harper's Ferry, and fell back
to four miles below Charlestown. On the 16th, Gen-
eral Patterson had partially crossed the river, when he
received a despatch, " Send all the regular troops, horse
and foot, and the lihodc-Island Regiment to AVashing-
ton." Thus left without a single piece of artillery,
36 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS USTFANTRY.
and but one " troop " of cavalry, and sadly weakened
by the loss of regulars, he was obliged to recross.
After vexatious trials as to requests for re-enfbrcements
and as to transportation, he recrossed, on the 2d of
July, with less than eleven thousand men, and with one
battery of smooth bores. A sharp skirmish at Falling
Waters hardly impeded his progress ; and, the next
day, he entered ]\Iartinsburg. When the Second
arrived, it made, with other re-enforcements, his force
eighteen thousand and two hundred men. The enemy
was in some force at Bunker Hill, twelve miles from
Martinsburg ; and had fortified Winchester, nine miles
south of Bunker Hill.
General Patterson was now directed to detain John-
ston in the valley, while operations from Washington
were directed against the enemy at Manassas. His own
plan of transferring his command to Leesburg, thus se-
curing Harper's Ferry ; opening a shorter line for his
supplies ; and being in position either to re-enforce
McDowell or to strike Johnston (if his force war-
ranted), should that general move towards Manassas, —
had not met Avith approval at the War Department,
although afterwards declared by General Halleck the
proper course. General Patterson was thus left to do
the impossible thing of keeping at Winchester an army
which could at liberty move out of it, on exactly the
opposite side, to re-enforce the enemy's main army.
On the 11th of July, he was warned from Washing-
ton, that the rebels intended to attack, when they had
drawn him " sufficiently far back from the river [that is,
Patterson's campaign. 37
towards Winchester] to render impossible his retreat
across it on beinj^ vanquished." A council called by
General Patterson (of whose members five afterwards
became general officers, including Major-General Thom-
as) unanimously opposed an advance on Winchester.
But, as a demonstration was wanted to be made at the
same time with JNIcDowell's attack, preparations were
made to move forward as far as Bunker Hill, with the
intention of afterwards moving to Charlestown. On
Sunday evening, the 14th, orders were issued to cook
rations ; and the camp-fires lighted hills and valleys.
That afternoon, the Second had held its first public
religious worship in the field ; and the same afternoon
the sick were sent back to Williamsport. One of that
number, Hibbard, of Company A, was the first who
died after the regiment had left home : it was on the
5th of August.
JSIarch in the morning. The army was on two par-
allel roads. Arrived at the dirty hamlet of Bunker
Hill in the afternoon. Pickets thrown out till they
encountered Johnston's. Bivouacked that niMit. A
gentle shower rather impaired its efiect, — a new expe-
rience then.
The next day, the IGth, was the day designated by
General Scott. Tlie battle was supposed to be fought.
Johnston was still at Winchester; so, on the 17th, the
army moved to Charlestown, where it would be as
well situated in reference to Winchester, and decidedly
better as to itself. The Second was in colunm at tiu-ee
A.M., and moved at eleven. Those were the davs of
38 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
trains : when the head had reached Charlestown, eight
miles off, three miles of the column had yet to start !
At Middle way, the people scowled at the flag ; at
Charlestown, the women scowled and spit. At eleven
at night, the Second bivouacked just westward of the
town. " We haven't had such a crowd," said the
people next day, " since John Brown was hung."
John Brown was their standard topic ; and the soldiers
were curious. They carried off, in small bits, a timber
of the gallows frame. Perhaps they never discovered
that they had got the wrong stick ; but as to the place
of execution, which thousands visited, there was no
mistake.
When General Patterson found that the battle had
not been fought, he issued orders for "rations cooked,
and in haversacks ; and to prepare to march imme-
diately." This was on the 18th : but his men's time
was out, or nearly so ; they w^ould not move towards
the enemy. He entreated and expostulated, but in
vain. All he could do, therefore, was to fall back
to Harper's Ferry. When Johnston actually left
Winchester, Patterson telegraphed the fact to General
Scott.
On the 18th, in the afternoon, the Second was
ordered alone to Harper's Ferry. It camped in the
superintendent's grounds that night. On Sunday,
the 21st, General Patterson came with his whole force.
The Second moved across the road, and bivouacked.
On the 23d, Colonel Gordon was placed in command
of the post, with the Second "as temporary garrison."
Patterson's CAMrAiGN. 39
Among other incidents, thirteen fugitive slaves had ac-
companied the army to Harper's Ferry. Their owners
came for them ; and General Patterson ordered that the
masters have all assistance. The fugitives were sent
back to their rebel owners. That same week, the
battle of Bull Run was fought ; and the o^vners of
some of those very slaves were in the rebel army that
day.
General Patterson long suffered under public censure
for his military conduct ; but the simple facts were
these, — he was long delayed, before entering Vii'ginia,
by somebody's failure to supply transportation : his
best troops and all his artillery were taken away ;
when he was — though inadequately — supplied and
armed, he necessitated the evacuation of Harper's
Ferry by the enemy; his chosen plan — to go to Lees-
burg — was absurdly refused ; placed in front of Win-
chester, his strength was inferior to that of the enemy,
who had also the advantage of fortifications. To at-
tack was suicidal ; and he was even cautioned, from
Washington, that the enemy was trying to draw him
on. He was du-ected to detain Johnston at Winchester,
lest he should re-enforce the enemy at jNIanassas ; when
the road to Manassas lay directly on the opposite side
of Winchester, and entirely beyond the least possibility
of being disturbed. A day was assigned by General
Scott on which this work would be consummated ;
and on that day Johnston was still at Winchester.
Patterson's men were going out of service ; and went im-
mediately, in spite of his entreaties. And, in his whole
40 SECOND ]SL\SSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
movement, lie had then, as in 1864, the approval of
George H. Thomas, — then on his staff, now major-gen-
eral, — whose opinion is decisive. The people demanded
a reason for the failure at Bull Run ; and stupidity in
Eastern Virginia threw the blame on General Pat-
terson.
A flag was presented to the Second, at Harper's
Ferry. The loyal women of that town had secretly
made a flag, to be given to the first national regiment
which should enter Harper's Ferry.
This flag, during the occupation of the town by the
traitor army, was secretly sent for safe keeping to Fred-
erick City, Maryland. It was brought back, after the
occupation of Harper's Ferry by the Massachusetts
Second. The occasion of the presentation was one of
unusual interest. The citizens assembled in the square,
on the evening of July 24 ; and Colonel Gordon,
accompanied by the ofiicers of the regiment, the band,
and the color-bearer, went down from head-quarters to
receive the flag.
It was presented to the color-bearer, and saluted,
while the band jjlayed the Star Spangled Banner. One
of the ladies, Miss Annie Marlatt, then spoke as
follows : —
Soldiers of the Union : Thankful that you have come here
to protect our homes and our firesides, and in view of your
kind and manly bearing toward us, we, the ladies of Harper's
Ferry, take pleasure in presenting you this banner, — the
Stars and Stripes which our forefathers, our Washington, and
our kinsmen, both North and South, fought under. Take it,
and may you preserve it unblemished ; and may it be a beacon
Patterson's campaign. 41
of protection to life, liberty, and Jiappiness, wherever it may
float ! You may then rely upon the prayers, blessings, and
good wishes of the ladies of Harper's Ferry.
Colonel Gordon then replied as follows : —
We are proud, ladies of Harper's Ferry, to receive from
your hands this emblem of our unbroken nationality. Tlie
presentation of our nation's color on Virginia soil, by Virgini-
aus, to a regiment of patriotic. Union-loving soldiers /rem
Massachusetts, is significant. It is an appeal, by men and
women of Virginia, to jMassachusetts soldiers, to protect them
in their constitutional rights and privileges against the treas-
onable efforts of rebels, who are represented by that despicable
secession-rag that dares to flaunt its accursed folds upon our
nation's soil.
Ladies of Virginia, we accept this color with the responsi-
bilities that it brings. Our fathers and your fathers fought
together to establish the govei-nment which the old Star-
spangled Banner represents ; and, so long as life shall linger
in a single Northern heart, so long we swear to uphold this
flag ; and accord to you the protection it is able to offer !
Let the old flag float to the breeze, and wave for ever over
our country ; insuring protection to life, liberty, and property,
under the Constitution of the United States !
Company I, Captain Underwood, was temporarily
detached the day after reaching Harper's Ferry. It
was sent off, on canal-boats, to the mouth of the Mono-
cacy, where it did vigilant service in capturing contra-
band supplies. Although repeatedly destroyed (by
rumor), it returned, a few weeks afterwards, entirely
unharmed.
On tlie 25th of July, ^lajor-General Banks took
command. On the 28th, he took the whole force
42 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
(except the Second, which was to remain) over the
Potomac. The force then was : " Three companies of
cavahy, 19th New York, 28th New York, 12th New
York, 5th New York, 21st Pennsylvania, Phode-Island
Battery," and " Colonel Stone's brigade." The next day,
the " three companies of the 2d Massachusetts Volun-
teers, will be stationed as a garrison in Harper's Ferry,
and the detachment of the 2d Cavalry [20 men] now
there, the whole under the command of Lieutenant-
Colonel Andrews, 2d Massachusetts Regiment. The
remaining companies of that regiment, and three guns
of the Rhode-Island Battery, will be stationed under
the command of Colonel Gordon of the 2d jNIassachu-
setts Volunteers, upon the plateau on the Maryland
side, west of the Maryland Heights. The troops on the
plateau will be provided with tents, and the necessary
outfit for remaining there permanently." The station
was occupied, — but the "tents" did not appear. The
trains were, with the rest of the division, in Pleasant
Valley.
The Second passed one night in a half-destroyed
arsenal building. It held public worship there, near
night, when " Old Hundred " rolled up from near a
thousand voices, under the crash of a mighty thunder-
storm. When it crossed, the next day, it was by an old
ford, re-opened, which had been used by the Virginia
troops in 1775.
The campaign was ended. The enemy held the val-
ley — and ]\Ianassas.
WATCHING THE RIVER.
43
IV.
WATCHING THE RIVER.
General Banks's division was camped, in tlie early
part of August, mainly in Pleasant Valley, which lay
behind ]Marylan(l Heights. On a ridge there, looking
eastward across the Potomac, were the general's head-
quarters ; and near by was Doublcday (afterwards
general) with his guns, — one thirty-two pounder
amono- them, whose shots used to startle the citizens of
Loudon County. Doublcday left on the 2Gth of
August. The three-months' men went, and the three-
years' men came. jNIassachusetts sent the 12th and
13th.
But the Second was stationed on the plateau over-
looking Harper's Ferry ; without wagons or tents, on
account of the exposed position of the place. From
the road under the heights (the road by which Lieu-
tenant Jones had moved off after firing the arsenals), a
crooked path led up the hill a mile or so, by the beau-
tiful spring, to Unsel's house, — the house at whose
o-ate John Bkoavn had stopped to make inquiries.
Half a mile beyond was the schoolhouse under whose
floor John Brown had hid his arms.
Here were three weeks of bivouac, hard work, plenty
44 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
of rain, and scanty bacon-skies of a very poor quality.
The hard fare was the fault of nobody in the regiment.
Every effort was made to secure better. Colonel Gor-
don had early tauglit his officers, "Your first duty is not
to see that your quarters are ready, but your men's ;
not to get your supper, but to see that your men have
theirs." But when quarters were shelters of boughs,
and nobody had any supper, little could be done. The
only decent shelter was the ingenious contrivance of the
band.
The hospital was established in the little brick house
which stood by the canal-lock under the cliff. It was
full, — not of Massachusetts men only, but from the
remnants of the three-months' men. Surgeon Sargent
was in charge ; Assistant-Surgeon Stone was on de-
tached service at Hagerstown. Of that building, not
a brick I'emains.
r Colonel Gordon still commanded the post of Harper's
Ferry ; and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews occupied the
Armory grounds, over the ford, with companies A, C,
and G. Picket-duty, drill, and the brightest polish ever
possible on brass, was the daily business. Rebel prison-
ers were kept in the engine-house which John Brown
had made his fortress, in whose walls the holes he had
jDierced for his muskets still remained. The fire which
had destroyed the other buildings had left this one un-
touched. Was it prophetic?
The regiment was a part of the second brigade,
Colonel (afterwards General) Abercrombie, Department
of the Shenandoah. Brigade head-quarters were five
miles off, behind the hills.
-WATCHING THE RIVER. 45
There were various alarms, and once a sharp skirmish
across the river, with none of the Second hurt. Noth-
ing more than picket, guard, drill, and supporting the
battery on the crest, and the first coming of the pay-
master, — until the 17th of August, when the whole
force was to be restationed along the river. The first
disposition of it Avas as follows (by order dated Aug.
18) : Colonel Kcnly at Williamsport, Colonel Leonard
at Sharpsburg, Colonel Gordon at Sandy Hook, Col-
onel Geary at Point of Rocks, Colonel Donnelly at
Berlin, Colonel Thomas at Urbana, General Hamilton
at Buckeystown, Colonel Abercrombie at Hyattstown.
But some of these were soon changed. The Second,
on the evening of the 17th, Avas moved around the
Heights, to Sandy Hook, to remain a few days. As
the companies were to be withdrawn from Harper's
Ferry, Herr's flour-mills were destroyed. A great
quantity of flour was sent off, and forty or fifty thou-
sand bushels of wheat and " offal " destroyed to prevent
its use by the enemy.
On the 19th, there was "information, that the rebels
are marching on Harper's Ferry, six thousand strong."
Colonel Gordon made preparations with his regiment,
and sent for two pieces of artillery, as authorized.
" Don't retire entirely without making your enemy feel
you," telegraphed Fitz-John Porter. Colonel Gordon
requested Colonel , who was to leave Williams-
port for Buckystovvn, to come by the way of Sandy
Hook, as there was prospect of a fight ; but the Colonel
replied, "It would be out of the way to go so far down
46 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTAJNTRr.,
the river." The commander of the Twenty-eighth New
York, however, who had sent information, sent Avord
also, "If you have a good strong show for a fight, let us
know ; we will come up with what little force we can
muster that are not shoeless." But nothing came of
the matter.
Relieved by Colonel Geary, the Second and the
Twenty-eighth New York proceeded to join their brig-
ades at Hyattstown, camping the first night at Jefferson,
the second at Buckeystown, and on the third — after
being drenched by a pouring rain all day, hearing driv-
ers swear their teams out of a difficult slough, and
seeing a liquor shop emptied by order — turned into
Hall's Field, which was very wet. Pitched tents there
next day, — as it proved, to stay for nearly two months.
Water from the well was ten cents a bucket, till General
Banks interfered. From the 25th of August to the 6th
of September, Colonel Gordon commanded the brigade,
which consisted of the Second, the 12th Massachusetts
(Colonel Fletcher Webster), 12th and 16th Indiana,
and (from the 15th of September) the 1st Pennsylvania
Battery.
On the 13th of September, General McClellan's
order said, " Commanders of divisions, brigades, and
regiments are directed to give their personal attention
to prepare their commands to take the field. All
unnecessary baggage will be disposed of." The Second
prepared, and took the field, — "Hall's Field ;" also, the
well from which water had been sold to the soldiers at
ten cents a bucket.
WATCHING THE RIVER. 47
General Banks commanded from Tenallytown to
near Poolsville, where General Stone was met. lie
had to watch the river, so the usual picketing was done.
There was drill three times a day (with knapsacks,
by order of General Banks, on the 23d of Septem-
ber). Officers' recitations (which General Abercrom-
bie's order of Sept. 23 extended to the other regiments
in the brigade) were regularly had. On the 25th,
a re-organization of General Banks's force took place.
First brigade, General Abercrombie : 12th Massachu-
setts, 16th Indiana, 12th Indiana, 30th Pennsylva-
nia, 1st Pennsylvania Battery, the Van Alen (N.Y.)
Cavalry, and, subsequently, the 66th Pennsylvania.
Second brigade. General Hamilton : 9th New- York
State Militia, 3d "Wisconsin, 13th Massachusetts, 4th
Connecticut, 29th Pennsylvania, and Best's Battery
(4th United-States Artillery). Third brigade. Colonel
Gordon : 2d Massachusetts, 28th New York, 19th
New York (afterwards changed into 3d New- York
Artillery), 5th Connecticut, 46th Pennsylvania, and,
afterwards, Rhode-Island Battery A. On the same
day, the quarter-master of the Second, K. Morris
Copeland, was made assistant adjutant-general on
General Banks's staff. On the 15th of October, Briga-
dier-General A. S. Williams was assigned to the third
brigade. For three years the Second was in his com-
mand, and he kept their respect. Brave, cool, genial,
experienced in INIexico, he was a favorite. If not, he
would never have got the pet title of "Papa," — short-
ened by and by into "Pap." When the men, in after
48 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
years, used to say "Here comes 'Pap,'" they felt that
matters would go on right ; and " Pap " knew and be-
lieved in the Second.^
Around Plall's Field gathered traders. Barns and
sheds were filled with various kinds of merchandise.
Butter, eggs, and milk were sold at prices wonderful to
the old farmers. Tobacco was a staple ; and cooked
eatables sold handsomely. And a sergeant of the
Second got married to a Massachusetts woman, — the
chaplain officiating, of course.
The whole division was put into good shape, in
doing which, some of the non-commissioned officers of
the Second were detailed to drill new regiments. It
was in this vicinity, that a colonel was sadly annoyed
once. The colonel formally complained to the colonel of
an adjoining regiment, that the men of the latter so dis-
tm'bed him, on the night before, that he could not sleep.
"Pll punish them,*' said the latter ; " but what did they
do?" — "Why, there was one of your sentries who kept
calling out, ' Corporal of the guard, post four ! ' At last,
1 Alpheus Starkey "Williams, bom at Saybrook, Conn., Sept. 20,
1810, son of Ezra and Hepzibah (Starkej') AVilliams. • His father died in.
1818. Alpheus graduated at Yale College in 1831; was in Europe from 1834
to 1836; was a lawyer, judge of probate, &c. ; bought the "Detroit Daily
Advertiser," and edited it; in 1847, was in the Mexican war as lieutenant-
colonel, First Michigan Volunteer Infantry; returned, July, 1848; post-
master at Detroit, 1848 to 1852; in mercantile business until 1861; was
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 17th May, 1861, and had charge
of Camp of Instruction at Detroit until September, 1861, Avhen he reported
to General Banks; was assigned to command of division, 20th March, 1862;
commanded the corps at Antietam after General Mansfield's fall; was
breveted major-general in 1864; was in Sherman's campaigns to Atlanta,
Savannah, and Virginia.
WATCHING THE EIVER. 49
I went out to stop his noise ; but without effect." —
"What did you say to him?"— "I said, 'My friend,
if you want corporal of the guard, post four, why don't
you go after him, instead of disturbing people's sleep
this way ? ' " The colonel of the disturbing regiment
stared; but, finding the other serious, gave emphatic
utterance in two words, the second of which was
"fool." Such were some of the early officers.
There were reviews occasionally : and, on the 26th
of September, Fast Day, the whole division met for
public worship, when half a dozen chaplains officiated
(the chaplain of the Second preaching, by choice of
the major-general) ; and Holmes's Army Hymn was
sung as he never heard it.
On the 27th, Captain Abbott was sent to Boston to
obtain recruits, and succeeded very well: he returned
the latter part of October.
Here Surjjeon Sarfjent left the regiment. Unflas^ging
devotion to duty, night and day, — for the hospital
tents were filled with typhoid cases, — saved lives ; but
it broke his health. He left, with the regrets of all : a
skilful surgeon, a generous man, of cultivated powers ;
too easily affected by sympathy, though it never made
his hand tremble, — he was a loss. The regiment
always remembered him ; and the old men of the
Second were sad when he — then lieutenant-colonel of
cavalry — fell in battle, in 1864. For a short period
(Dr. Stone being at Ilagerstown on hospital duty),
Assistant-Surgeon William 11. Bennett, of the Fifth
Connecticut, was with the regiment, being assigned
4
50 SECOND HIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Sept. 24. He was then, and afterwards, one of the
best surgeons and truest men in the army, Assist-
ant-Surgeon McLellan served, also, a short time, Avith
acceptance. Soon, Francis Leland, of Milford, Mass.,
came out as surgeon, — to be wounded at Cedar Moun-
tain, and, after a faithful service, to leave, from pros-
tration of health.
On the 15th of October, Colonel Gordon issued an
order regarding gambling. "A vice so pernicious in
its results upon individual character," he said, "cannot
be indulged in without depraving the man, and un-
fitting him for the discharge of the sacred duty ujoon
which he has entered. That which is a recognized
crime at home should be, to New-England men, a
crime anywhere. A regiment of gamblers cannot
fight like patriots. All gambling, of any kind, for
money or valuables, with cards or by any other
implements, is hereafter strictly prohibited in this
regiment."
On the 13th of October, General Banks said, "This
division may be called upon to move at any time
within the next twenty-four hours." It was not, how-
ever.
On the 21st, an official wrote to the colonel, "I_
thought you would like to know that General Stone
and his army are at Leesburg, — but very slight fight-
ing." We should have liked to know it ; but we did
not. That evening came an order to cook rations ;
and, at eight o'clock, another to leave tents and
wagons, and "move at once, without baggage; leave a
WATCHING THE RIVER. 51
ofuard to come on with tents and baggage, rations, <S;c.
Take what rations you can in haversacks." The reo-i-
ment was on the road immediately, at the head of the
column. At Poolsville, met stragglers. By the road
were tired soldiers, resting by fires, from whom we
learned of the disaster at Ball's Bluff. At 3i, a.m,
the regiment was at Conrad's Ferry ; reported to Gen-
eral Hamilton, and was stationed up and down the
river. Across the river was the bluff, sixty feet high,
where gallant men had been uselessly sacrificed;
where Colonel Baker had said, "Had I two more
Massachusetts regiments, I could beat them yet." He
had 'two splendid ones, the Fifteenth and Twentieth.
Frorri Harrison's Island the wounded were coming.
Men of the Second crossed the river in skiffs, and
brought back fugitives, then hiding under the bank.
The next day McClellan came.
On the 23d, came an order to move to Edwards's
Ferry : " The enemy threaten us in force ; send two of
your regiments, especially the Second Massachusetts."
So the regiment marched six miles that night ; and, the
same night, marched back again. Most of the division
were at Edwards's Ferry.
On the 26th, the division was ordered back to Darnes-
towTi. Major D wight led with pioneers. The Second,
on that day assigned to Colonel Abercrombie's brigade,
camped that night at Dawsonville ; the next, at Seneca
Creek, three miles from Darnestown, for duty on the
river ; and changed camp in November, in a fallacious
hope of getting out of the malaria of the river.
52 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRT.
Thanksgiving Day came while there ; and Major
Dvvight, then in command (Colonel Gordon was absent,
and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews severely sick) , issued
this order, in which, after reciting General Banks's
order, he said : —
" Pursuant to the foregoing suggestions and authority, the
usual drills will be dispensed with to-morrow ; and there will
be a religious service, at ten o'clock, to-morrow morning, to be
followed by the usual Thanksgiving dinner. It is to be hoped
that the officers and men of this regiment will unite in revi-
ving all the memories and associations which belong to the
time-honored home-festival of New England ; and in public
thanksgiving and praise for all the blessings which iiave
followed them since they left the homes which this festival
recalls."
So the company down by the river's bank was relieved
by Indiana men, and came back to camp. Public wor-
ship was held at ten o'clock ; and the Proclamation was
read, ending, " God save the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts ! " And there was a dinner. Ninety-four
turkeys, weighing nine hundred and seventy-three
pounds ; seventy-six geese, weighing six hundred and
sixty-six pounds ; seventy-three chickens, weighing one
hundred and seventy-six pounds, — all cooked in the
stone ovens built by the men, — were followed by
ninety-five plum puddings, weighing eleven hundred
and seventy-nine pounds ; with apples, nuts, figs, and
raisins. In the afternoon, there was prize-shooting,
and games of ball ; and, in the evening, dancing, to
the music of the band. And a mail, bringing six hun-
WATCHING THE RIVER. 53
dre3 and two letters and nearly five hundred papers.
And at taps all was quiet.
Rumors of removal were welcomed. The bad air of
the river was telling severely upon the health of the
men. The hospital was full. Lieutenant-Colonel
Andrews was seriously ill. We had changed camp, on
the 12th of November, for the sake of health. When
orders came to send the sick away, by canal, march-
ing orders were known to be near. On the thirtieth day
of November, the first party left for Alexandria. Over
twenty of the Second formed part of the two hundred
assembled, according to orders, before noon. The
wind swept bitingly down the valley, and the sick
men shivered. No boat came until near night. Some
from the Second built fires under the lee of a great
rock, to the injury of a growling sutler's pie-boxes ;
and tea was made, and beef-tea. Just before dark, a
boat came from the next lock. But it was wet. A
few cornstalks were got ; but sentries stopped that
in belialf of the rebel owner, who was in prison on a
charge of treason. Those were the days of love for
enemies. The men were lowered into the wet boat, all
huddled so closely that the last man out had barely
standing room. Some died that miserable night. No
Government provision was made (for nobody knew the
boat was coming) at Alexandria ; but the noble Sani-
tary was there, its officers having been written to by
the chaplain of the Second in belialf of his own men.
The whole transaction was a case of the grossest mis-
management. An attempt was made to have it inves-
54 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY.
tigated ; but it was smothered. The surgeon of the
Second had done his duty, however.
The second party went up the river two days after
Assistant-Surgeon Stone had chai'ge ; and every thing
was done perfectly. But one of the Second died next
day at Frederick ; and Wisconsin men fired the volleys
over his grave.
It "has already been said that "no regiment had
warmer or kinder friends." Those friends followed
it with their gifts to the field. In October, 1861,
began a series of supplies which never ceased. The
following note refers to a gift received that month.
Boston, 22d October, 1861.
I send you, my dear sir, one thousand pairs of socks, col-
lected in ten days, for your regiment, with my very best wishes
for its prosperity and success ; and, with my kind regards to
yourself, am. Sincerely your friend,
Evans House. * E. HENDERSON OtiS.
' The kindness of Mrs. Otis continued. When it is
remembered that this regiment was but one of the large
number for which this lady devoted her time, her labor,
and her means, gratitude appreciates the additional
lustre given to the historic name she bears.
In the same month, the following letter was re-
ceived : —
Colonel George H. Gordon, — Several ladies in Bos-
ton, interested, as' every one is, in the comfort and welfare of
our soldiers, are desirous to do something to add to the pro-
vision made by the Government for the Massachusetts Second
WATCHING TILE RIVER. 55
Regiment ; and, in order that their work and supplies may be
really useful, they venture to ask Colonel Gordon to send a list
of articles, constantly important to the comfort of the men,
not supplied at all, or in insufficient quantities, by Govern-
ment, indicating what is now most imperatively needed, and
at what intervals particular articles will need renewing. The
more promptly this information can be given, the sooner arti-
cles will be forwarded.
An association of ladies in Boston will be formed, by
which efforts will be made to supply the Second Regiment
regularly with clothing, or other things necessary for its com-
fort. A knowledge of their wants is necessary before any
thing will be done, and therefore an immediate answer will be
gladly received.
Address Mrs. George H. Ticknor, Park Street, Boston.
Colonel Gordon will oblige the ladies by giving an exact
address, if possible, and the safest mode of transport.
Oct. 7, 1861.
To that " very kind and considerate proposition,"
Colonel Gordon replied on the 10th, advising that their
gifts should take the form of woollen undershirts, draw-
ers, socks, and articles of that substantial kind, rather
than that of supplies of a more perishable kind, or which
would only incumber a soldier. " Upon examination,"
said he, " of flannel undershirts furnished Government, I
find them thin, flimsy things, poorly adapted to guard
against inclemency of the season ; " at the same time,
expressing " heartfelt gratitude for the kindness of the
oflfer, and leaving the ladies, under the circumstances
set forth, to act as in their judgment may seem wise,
and intimating that, after an engagement with the
56 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
rebels, there may arise necessities not now in exist-
ence."
The " Regimental Aid Association " (for the Second)
was soon formed. It included the following ladies :
Mrs. J. G. Abbott, Mrs. Jere. Abbott, Mrs. G. P.
Bangs, Mrs. Joseph M. Bell, Miss Bowditch, Mrs. W.
S. Bullard, Mrs. Richard Gary, Miss Gary, Mrs. James
Codman, Mrs. B. R. Curtis, Mrs. C. P. Curtis, Mrs.
J. F. Curtis, Miss A. Davis and Miss S. Davis, Mrs.
William Dvvight, Mrs. William Endicott, jun., Mrs. O.
Goodwin, Mrs. William Gray, Mrs. S. E. Guild, Miss
E. Q. Guild, Mrs. O. W. Holmes, Miss H. E. Hovey,
Mrs. G. R. Kendall, Mrs. W. S. Lewis, Mrs. C. G.
Loring, Miss I. Loring, Mrs. S. T. Morse, Miss A.
Motley and Miss E. Motley, Mrs. E. R. Mudge and
Miss Mudge, Mrs. F. Parkman, Mrs. S. Parkman,
Miss E. T. Parker, Miss A. Patterson, j\Irs. Edward
N. Perkins, Mrs. George H. Peters, Mrs. J. E. Pratt,
Mrs. A. S. Putnam, Mrs. J. Quincy, Miss Sarah
Read, Mrs. William Robeson, Mrs. W. B. Rogers,
Mrs. C. F. Shimmin, Mrs. W. H. Swift, Mrs. Tick-
nor and Miss Ticknor, Miss S. E. Thacher, Mrs. Nat.
Thayer, Mrs. P. R. Walbach, Mrs. Charles E. Ware,
Mrs. J. S. Warren, Mrs. W. F. Whitney, Miss M.
Wigglesworth and Miss A. Wigglesworth, Mrs. I^ijah
Williams, Miss S. D. Williams.
From this association, box after box continued to
come. Many of the soldiers of the Second,- in the
picket or guard duty of the winters, were warmer for
the kind gifts of those ladies. " I enclose a list," wrote
TVATCIIINO THE RIVER. 57
the secretary, in February, 1862, "of the members
of tlie association whose hberality and energy have
provided these comforts, wishing the men to know that
I am only an agent of many of their friends. . . . AVe
take much pride in the reputation of the regiment, and
feel how trying this long inaction is to both officers and
men in this inclement season, since in our quiet homes
we find it so difficult to wait." That list is inserted,
that the sohliers of .the Second may know to whose
kindness they were indebted. That a more particular
account of their donations is not inserted is due to the
delicacy which requested it.
Other friends were ready to help. The chaplain was
requested by friends at home to make known any
wants he might find. Rarely was he without the
means, while in Virginia or Maryland, to assist the sur-
geons in procuring food for the hospital, when such
food could be found ; and many were the gifts which
came from various sources.
Some companies had special friends. The men of D
experienced particular kindness from the parish of Rev.
J. F. Clarke, of Boston; E, from the people of Medway.
But worthy of particular mention was the "Soldiers
Aid Association," of Lowell, the home of Company
A. This was one of the two earliest, if not the earli-
est organization of the kind in the country. It was
formed, with a large subscription fund, immediately
after the fall of Sumter, with a view of supplying every
soldier from Lowell with all that was needed for his
comfort, efficiency, and health. Their work was excel-
58 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS D^ANTKY.
lently done ; especially valuable in the days when the
supply departments of the Government had not expand-
ed to the needs of a vast and suddenly raised army.
Of this association, Judge Crosby was the president.
Company A shared in its bounty. "As Chairman of
the Committee on Correspondence and Forwarding, for
nearly two years," says Mr. William G. Wise, "I was
in communication with Captain Abbott, of Company A,
of your regiment, and can truly say that no officer with
whom I corresponded evinced so deep solicitude for
the comfort and welfare of his men, and so intelligently
anticipated their wants. ^ A few days before Cap-
tain Abbott was killed, I received a letter from him,
stating his need of fifteen men to recruit his company.
With the aid of the mayor and other gentlemen, we
procured the men, who left Lowell to join Company A
the day he was shot." It was through Mr. Wise's effi-
ciency that Company A was the first company in the
army to sign an official "allotment " roll. He went to
Washington, found that no rolls had been printed,
although a form was in type ; prevailed on a staff officer
to cut red tape, and give him an order on the public
printer to print a few copies ; took those copies to
Poolsville, in company with Mr. Coffin (Carleton) ;
followed on to Harrison's Landing, and started the roll
in Company A, left in charge of Lieutenant Francis,
"who faithfully attended to it." The money allotted
1 It ought to be mentioned, — for few knew it, — that officers of the
Second repeatedly paid, from their own pockets, for supplies for their mea
when not furnished by Government.
WATCHING THE RIVER. 59
was made payable to G. W. Stickney, Esq., President
of the Railroad Bank, Lowell.^ Mr. Wise afterwards
entered the army himself.
1 The former chaplain may be pardoned for stating the fact, that his
memoranda show an account rising one hundred tiiousand dollars which
passed through his hands, as sent home by express; for each individual
package of which he took the receipt of the express company. lie would
be ashamed to say that his agency did not cost a soldier a single cent, were
it not that a percentage was demanded and paid for such service in some
regiments. Of this amount, only one package, of forty dollars, failed to reach
its destination ; which the express company immediately made good. Henry
A. Rice, Esq. (Denny, Rice, & Co.), of Boston, kindly deposited in savings
banks all moneys sent him for that purpose, and preserved the bank-books
until called for.
60 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
V.
THE FIRST WINTER.
On the 4th of December, 1861, the brigade started
for Frederick. The first night, a cold one, at Barnes-
vllle. At dawn, just as old Sugar-Loaf was showing
himself, the regiment went down into the mists around
his base. A brisk march brought the regiment to near
Frederick, to wait three hours and a half in a bleak
wind, until the responsible officer could be discovered, —
in front of a nice coal fire in his chamber at a Frederick
hotel,. — to tell where to camp. Then, after retracing
steps for a mile or two, pitched tents by the Monocacy,
at the Junction. The next day, crossed on a light
bridge ; marched four or five miles ; stacked arras in a
pleasant wood, four miles east of Frederick by the
Baltimore pike, and stayed there three months.
Winter-quarters were not allowed ; but eventually
the men Avere permitted to make themselves comfort-
able, though under canvas the whole winter.^ The
1 As a matter of interest, the savings of flour by the reginaent, in three
months, are given: October, 38 bbls., 139 lbs.; November, 34 bbls., 174 lbs.;
December, 23 bbls., 173 lbs. Difl'erent rations these from the seven hard
bread per day of 1864-5.
THE FIRST WIKTER. 61
magnificent Sanitary Commission met the wants of the
hospital. On the 6th, an order of General Abercrora-
bie established the title of " Camp Hicks." The Second
was on the west ; then the 16th Indiana, the 30th
Pennsylvania, and the 12th Massachusetts. The 12th
Indiana was substituted for the 30th Pennsylvania. Of
the four regimental commanders, Lucas, of the 12th
Indiana, Hackleman, of the 16th Indiana, and Webster,
of the 12th INIassachusetts, have fallen in battle. The
3d Wisconsin was doing provost-duty in Frederick. A
brigade was three or four miles south of General Aber-
crombie's, and other troops several miles west of
Frederick.
All winter the usual routine went on, — guard-duty,
parade, drill, recitations. These were varied by visits,
to Frederick, of officers and men in turn. Invitations
there ; concerts by the bands of the Second and
Twelfth ; receptions by General Banks, and some
hospitalities by the people. An army lodge of Freema-
sons, located in the regiment, also helped those inclined
that way.^
It was at this camp, that an officer, in great wrath,
called up a sergeant, and inquired, " Why didn't you do
what I ordered, about, &c., &c. ?" — "Had no orders,
1 This lodge, " Bunker-Hill Army Lodge, No. 5," worked under a dis-
pensation signed by Williiim J. Coolidge, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge
of Massachusetts. Its first officers were George H. Gordon (coUmel),
Master; Alonzo H. Quint (chaplain), Senior Warden; Wilder D wight
(major), Junior Warden; Francis Leiand (surgeon). Treasurer; Edward G.
Abbott (captain), Secretary; Adin B. Underwood (captnin), Senior Deacon:
Anson D. Sawyer (lieutenant). Junior Deacon; Francis H. Tucker (captain),
Tyler. Of these, Major D wight was killed atAntietam; Surgeon Leiand,
62 . SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRT.
sir." — "Why, didn't I send you a written order, such
a day ? " — " Oh ! was that an order ? I thought it was
a standing pass to go to Frederick ; and — and I have
been in three times on that paper." The captain
(he has earned high rank since) concluded, that, if the
sentries could not read the paper, it was hardly worth
while to blame anybody. It was here — or was it at
Seneca? — where, in obedience to orders from Washing-
ton that company-commanders read certain articles of
war every Sunday morning, one of them, — he was
a thorough soldier too, — after the reading, said, " Now,
men, these are articles of war, and ought to be obeyed.
Now, there is one of them too much violated. It is
that against profane swearing. There is too much of
it in this company, from the commander (I own it)
down. Now, it has got to be stopped. When I say
a thing, you know it has got to be done. And I
say this shall be obeyed, and I'll be d d if it
shan't ! " A jjentle smile in the line brouo;ht him to
remembrance ; and, " Sergeant, march in the company ! "
was the order of the discomfited captain, who was
never discomfited in action.
Wounded at Cedar Mountain; Captain Abbott, killed at Cedar Mountain ;
Captain Underwood, maimed at Wauhatchie. Of others connected with
this lodge, Mudge fell at Gettysburg; Surgeon Heath died from excessive
toil in front of Atlanta; Major Francis, Captain George, Captain Parker,
and Captain Sawyer, all were wounded.
This lodge was a centre of interest at that camp, and in Tennessee.
St. John's Day, in December, 1861, it took part in a celebration at Freder-
ick, when a great number of Masons participated; and where an address
was given in the Lutheran Church, by the chaplain of the Second Massa-
chusetts, on " Masonry and the State."
THE FIRST WINTER. 63
Here, too, were religious observances. A good
Catholic priest came, and had all needed help, — tent,
&c. , — to minister to the two hundred men of his per-
suasion, while the usual services went on in harmony.
A good library, too, the gift of some unknoAvn friend,
was of OT'cat use all winter.
There was intemperance sometimes. Frederick was
filled with liquor shops. General Banks issued an or-
der, on the 10th of February, about " the alarming in-
crease of intemperance," and how " ill-disposed persons "
were selling liquor "to the detriment and discredit of
the service, the injury of the men, and the danger of the
public ; " and he declared it the " duty of every officer in
this command at once to take the most effective meas-
ures to suppress this evil." Provosts were to shut up
certain places, and make arrests. Colonel Gordon did
take effective measures ; so effective, that the liquor-
selling Dutchman just across the road came over one
day in wrath: "Your officer come to my house, and
did speel all my leetel beer." — "Served you right,"
was the reply. And he was provided forthwith with
a barrel overcoat, and marched round to the tune of the
"Eogue's March."
There was some chagrin at idleness. The men
shouted over the victories at Henry and Donelson, and
the sturdy Indianians echoed the cheers until the in-
fection was universal. But nothing was done, save that
fifteen men (the quota of the Second) were sent, out of
scores of old sailors volunteering, to man the gunboats
on the Mississippi. Captain Cary commanded the de-
64 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INPANTEY.
tachment, — which left on the 16th of February. The
men never came back.
Several new officers came at this camp.
The first break in the list of officers which left Camp
Andrew had occurred on the 16th of September.
Lieutenant Sedgwick, tlien Division ordnance officer,
was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank
of captain, and assigned to duty on the staff of General
Sedgwick. He was still serving with that gallant offi-
cer when lie fell at Antietam.
In October, Captain Curtis and Lieutenant Higgin-
son left the regiment. The former was appointed
lieutenant-colonel, the latter a captain, in the First
Massachusetts Cavalry. In December, Lieutenant Mot-
ley was appointed captain in the same regiment.
In November, Lieutenant Ellis, who had been de-
tailed on the 8th of September to the commissary
department of the brigade, was appointed commissary
of subsistence, with the rank of captain. He served
for a long time on the staff of General HartsufF, where
he attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
Lieutenant Copeland, then an aid to General Banks,
was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank
of major, on the 27th of November.
In December, Captain Tucker resigned. He after-
wards entered the civil service in the West. Lieuten-
ant Hill also resigned. He subsequently re-entered the
service, and fell in battle, Dec. 9, 1864, while first
lieutenant in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts.
These various vacancies caused promotions, and also
THE FIRST WINTER. 65
the appointment of second lieutenants. From civil life
— almost the last selections outside the ranks — were
taken J. IngersoU Grafton, who was to fall, after gal-
lant and meritorious service, at Averysborough ; Eugene
E. Shelton, by and by a staff officer, and to be wound-
ed ; Daniel Oakey, afterwards wounded ; John A. Fox
(faithful and true), adjutant, in every action from Chan-
cellors villc to the end of the war ; Henry B. Scott,
afterwards assistant adjutant-general, wounded at Chan-
cellorsville, and major in the Fourth Massachusetts
Cavalry ; Francis TV. Crowninshield, who, four times
wounded, Avas to come home senior captain in 1865 ;
and then to die. Everett W. Pattison, first sergeant
of Company I, was promoted to be second lieutenant,
for general meritorious conduct ; as well as Quartermas-
ter-sergeant George F. Browning, who was speedily
disabled in battle, and found a place in the Invalid
Corps.
Tliere were rumors of war occasionally. On the
5th of January, 1862, orders came to the whole force
to be ready to march. There were troubles up near
Hancock. The Thu-d Brigade went off; but, with the
Second, there resulted only an accumulation of cold
victuals. On the 20th, we -were to be "ready to
march in one hour's notice ; " " the enemy is in force
on the upper Potomac." But the principal business
still continued to be, preserving the secessionists' wood-
lots, according to orders.
But that winter was exceedingly valuable, not only
in the renovation of health impaired in the Potomac
6
66 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
malaria, but in the steady acquiring of knowledge by
the officers in study, (both by old officers and in the
" infant department ! ") and the thorough drill in which
all became experienced. The result was, that, when
the Second took the field in the spring, it was
thoroughly prepared for Winchester, Cedar Mountain,
and Antietam, — all of which were to come that year.
This inaction, every one knew, could not continue.
So the day after Washington's birthday, — celebrated
by a great review in Frederick, and a prayer which
was an insult to the army and the country, — there came
orders : Be ready at " one hour's notice, with three days'
cooked rations," and " cartridge-boxes filled." The Avag-
ons went off immediately, and the victuals were eaten.
" The artillery, pontoons, and the Second Brigade," said
the brigadier, " have all left ; in all probability, we will
leave this evening." But "we" did not. It proved
that the pontoons, floated by canal from Washington,
were too wide for the canal-locks at Harper's Ferry,
and could not get into the river. But on the 27th,
in the mist of morning, Camp Hicks was abandoned, —
to become a settled villao;e.
THE SrRING CA^MPAIGX. 67
YI.
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN.
On tlic morning of the 27th of February, 18G2, at
four o'clock, the regiment passed, for the Last time,
through the quagmire ^Yhich separated camp and road,
and marched into Frederick. Then, railway cars; at
evening, at Sandy Hook ; over the pontoon bridge ;
and a night in the emptied houses of Plarper's Ferry,
where the regiment was quartered in the abandoned
houses on Shenandoah Street, and the field and staff
took turns at sup[)er in using the solitary fork and
single spoon. Company F was put on provost duty,
and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews was made provost-
marshal. And the spring campaign was begun.
A reconnoissance was ordered towards Charlestown
the next day. The Second, the 3d Wisconsin, five
squadrons of Michigan cavalry, and two sections of artil-
lery, were put on the road, under command of Colonel
Gordon. The cavalry, with Colonel Gordon at the
head, drove in the rebel videttes, and dashed into
Charlestown at full speed. The regiment entered to the
music of "John Brown's body." Captain Best posted
his battery (a good soldier was Captain Best) , and the
68 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTEY.
infantry %vas stationed; chicken-feathers filled the air;
and suddenly General McClellan appeared, and turned
the reconnoissance into an occupation. It was tlie first
sight of that general ; and, as his glance took in the
line drawn up to receive liim, he won their hearts.
The Court-house was tenanted by companies of the
Second. It was a strange event, when, on the follow-
ing sabbath, the Second worshipped God in the Court-
house where John Brown was sentenced, and its. chap-
lain occupied the very chair in which the judge had sat
in that memorable trial. Massachusetts ideas were on
jtheir successful march.
On the 5th of March, the remainder of General
Banks's force having arrived, the Second went into
camp, — unluckily, in the grounds of a "Union" family
who could not endure the vicinity of "Union" troops,
and had to move next day a mile out of Charlestown.
On the 7th of March, news came that Colonel Mauls-
by's Maryland Regiment had been " cut to pieces " at
Cabletown. So Colonel Gordon was sent out with the
Second, the Sixteenth Indiana, two squadrons of caval-
ry, and two sections of artillery : " Let not a moment be
lost." Not a moment was lost, — to find that nobody
had seen any enemy, to kindle huge fires, and come
back in the mornino-.
Winchester was the object aimed at. We had troops
at CharlestOAvn ; a brigade at Smithfield; and, further
west, Shields's division (formerly the lamented Lan-
der's) ; and, at Leesburg, Colonel Geary. On the 9th,
General Abercrombie was told : " Information has been
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 69
received that the enemy has abandoned the batteries on
the lower Potomac, and is preparing to abandon Ma-
nassas. You are therefore ordered, pursuant to directions
received from Washington, to put your command in con-
dition to move at seven a.m., to-morit)w." It was done,
— three days' cooked rations in haversacks. General
Gorman moved first towards Berry ville, but sent back
for re-enforcements. So our brigade (General Aber-
crombic's) hastened on, and reached Berry ville about
sundown. The only action which had taken place was
Avith a battery of the enemy, which a few shots sent off
in a hurry. The battery subsequently proved to have
been a threshing-machine, worked by three laborers,
and superintended by a farmer on horseback.
That night was a bivouac, — Avith a savagely cold
storm to usher in a cold night. But the sun rose warm,
and wagons came on, and tents were pitched for one
night. The next day, " the rebel Jackson had marched
to the rear of our force at Winchester, and captured
seven thousand men, — the fight still going on." Cheers
followed the order to "fall in." In twenty-five minutes
the regiment was in the road. Mile after mile was
hurried over. IMassachusetts men passed others in
camp, and cheered tremendously. "I wish I was in
Dixie," enlivened the road. But at midnight, "The
messenger did it for a joke ; " and bivouac again. At
noon, camped a few rods off, a couple of miles from
Winchester.
Jackson had deliberately evacuated Winchester, —
carrying off all his stores, such private property as he
70 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
pleased, — and left the naked defences. "VVe had kmdly
waited a fortnight to let him do it.
There the Second remained ten days. A re-arrange-
ment of regiments ^Yas made, on the 10th of March.
First brigade, General Williams : 28th New York, 28th
Pennsylvania, 1st Maryland, and 5th Connecticut.
Second brigade. General Abercrombie : 9th New- York
State Militia, 13th INIassachusetts, 12th Massachusetts,
and 16th Indiana. Third brigade. Colonel Gordon: 2d
Massachusetts, 29tli Pennsylvania, 3d Wisconsin, and
27th Indiana. Here and then the Second became asso-
ciated with that gallant Third Wisconsin with whom it
stood side by side in sworn brotherhood for three years ;
and with the Twenty-seventh Indiana, hardly less to be
tried, — and found true.
Here, too. General Banks formally assumed com-
mand (on the 26th of March) of the "Fifth Corps,"
comprising two divisions, — his own, now under Briga-
dier-General A. S. Williams ; and another, under
Brigadier-General Shields.
Troops were to be sent into Eastern Virginia. So,
on the 20th, orders came for three days' march : the
first day, to Snicker's Ferry; the second, to Goose
Creek ; the third, to Gum Spring. The Second
moved on the 2 2d, and reached Snicker's Ferry ; but
Gum Spring was not to be seen for near two years.
General Abercrombie's brigade had crossed at Snicker's
Ferry when the pontoons broke down. It took all day
to mend them, and the brigade camped. That broken
bridofe changed the destinv of the Second.
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 71
While waiting, Lieutenant-Colonel Crane, of the
Third Wisconsin, sent a despatch regarding the wagon-
train which was coming up in his charge, and added,
" We have heard cannon at intervals, — hear them now ;
they seem to be south-west." The cannon were at
Kernstown, near Winchester. On the morning of the
24th : " Colonel, you Avill proceed at once to Berry ville ;
and if, on your arrival there, you hear the sound of
large guns, giving an. indication of an action in prog-
ress, you will push on by a forced march to Winches-
ter." By and by : "Major General Banks . . . directs,
that the brigade at Berryville under command of
Colonel Gordon be ordered immediately to AVinches-
ter." Soon : " Send back the ordnance train Avith all
possible despatch." Again: "Send forward [to Win-
chester] your battery with all possible despatch." The
Second, after a fifteen-mile march, entered Winchester,
and were quartered in the railway buildings : " The gen-
eral is pleased with your speed."
Jackson, who after his evacuation of Winchester had
kept within a moderate distance of that place, had been
misled by rebel women of Winchester into believing
that the force which he knew to be moving to Snicker's
Ferry comprised all but a provost guard ; while a
whole division really lay behind the hills. So, returning
to occupy Winchester, some cavalry drove in the pickets
on the 2 2d : it was supposed to be nothing more than
Ashby's lively troops, with a couple of guns. General
Shields (commanding in absence of General Banks)
got his arm broken by a shell ; and Colonel Kimball, of
72 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Indiana, took command. Desultoiy fighting took place
all Sunday, until in the afternoon it was found that
Jackson's whole force was present, and our whole
strength was sent out. The enemy was handsomely
whipped, but was far from being routed, although
compelled to leave the wounded along the road, and
losing two pieces of artillery. ^
But Jackson had accomplished his object ; which was
to keep the forces still in the valley, and thus prevent
them from strenothenini; McDowell for the movement
expected towards Richmond.
There was but one man of the Second in this affair.
It was private Alexander, who had just arrived at Win-
chester (where our Company Gr was on provost duty)
from a Southern prison. He borrowed a musket, w^ent
out, and fought where he saw a chance.
The Court-house, hotel, and the other buildings,
were filled with wounded, rebel and loyal alike. They
were treated alike ; but the rebel women of Winchester
showed their usual dp^ill^a spirit. One confederate
soldier was asked, "Do you have kind treatment?"
"Yes," he answered, as if wondering at it. "Why,
didn't you expect it ? " — "No, I thought you would kill
us." — " What made you think so ? " — " We were told
so." One poor fellow of sixteen years, whose mother
1 Esten Cooke, of Stuart's statT, in his life of "Stonewall Jackson," says
that the Union force was 11,000: it was less than 7,000 bj' official record.
He says that the rebel infantry force engaged was 2,742 ; but prisoners were
taken from eleven regiments of their infantry. He says that the Union killed
was admitted to be 418: it was officially reported at 103. He says that the
rebel killed were 80; but they Ictl 270 dead, found upon the field.
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 73
liad made him volunteer, wanted to take tlie oath of
allegiance. "I should die easier," he said, "if I did."
The oath was administered, and he felt happier.
The next evening, the regiment started after Jack-
son, — the band leading off with "I wish I Avas in
Dixie." It was a cold night ; bivouac by the road-
side about one o'clock, five miles above Strasburg,
when fences suffered ; in the morning, forded Cedar
Creek, a rapid and beautiful stream, where a fine bridge
had just been destroyed : halted in a rough pine wood,
just north of Strasburg ; Avere sent on by a " scare "
next day to four or five miles beloAV Strasburg ; and
there camp and park trains in rear of General Sullivan's
line, "haA'ing reference to the defensibility of the place
chosen for encampment and concealment from the
enemy."
March 31 : "Messengers on outposts," said General
Sullivan, "report the enemy advancing." April 1 :
orders to move Avithout tents or bao:2:a'Te, — the Avhole
corps. Jackson's headquarters Avere then at Mount
Jackson, seven or eight miles oflT. Colonel Gordon's
brigade led, and the Second Avas in the advance. Two
miles on, rebels and guns Avere in sight. A fcAv shots
from Cothran's fine NcAv-York battery sent them off.
Then, — 'skirmishers and flankers out, — pressed on
steadily. The rebel rear-guard, Avitli tAvo pieces of
artillery, stop at suitable points. Then the steadiness
of the Second tells ; and the rebels, as Ave learned in a
village, SAA'ore savagely about " them long-range
Yankee rifles." At Woodstock, their shot Avhizzed
74 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
suddenly. Colonel Gordon has his guns in position
instantly, and the rebels fly. At the " Narrow Pass,"
the bridge is on fire : quick hands of the Second extin-
guish the flames, while Cothran's shots and the enemy's
are lively overhead. At Edenburg, the bridge is past
hope ; but the struggle is for the place where it had
been. The guns dash through fences, over ditches, up
a height ; the Second presses on at double-quick ; and,
after a few minutes, the point is gained. Camp is
ordered. On that day the Second had its first man
wounded, — Bonney, of Company I. The next day,
Pennsylvania men rebuild the bridge. Pleasant weath-
er turned to rain, — a cold, dismal rain. The forlorn
horses droop their heads. Pet dogs • keep inside.
Logs support a doubtful fire in front of the open tents.
Dripping individuals solemnly chop wood. Dismal
sentinels pace steadily. Off on picket is a shelterless
company. Wet soaks up inside the tents. The only
comfort is that the enemy, in sight on the opposite
ridge, are just as wet.
"Hard business, sir, this soldiering," says John to
the major. "Yes, John." — "It's aisy for them as sits
at home with their good fires to read of this victory
and that, but it's hard for them as has to do it, sir." —
"Yes, John." — "It would do them good to come out
here, and try to warm themselves by a hole in the
ground, sir." — "Yes, John."
There was delay, at Edenburg, to get provisions and
shoes ; but on the 17th of April in motion again.
General Shields had moved in the night. At four, the
THE SPRING CAilPAIGN. 75
Second movctl. Crossed the creek in the dense fosr ;
and, as tlie sun came out, saw the mountain ranges on
either side, the undulating lands, wooded or in cultiva-
tion, the green winter-wheat and hyacinths by the
roadsides, heard the robins and swallows, and the artil-
lery with which Shields was waking up the enemy on
ahead. Found every bridge burning, but was little
delayed ; and reached jNIount Jackson — where the
rebels had built fine hospitals, and buried scores of sol-
diers — to find the railway depot still in flames.
After some hours' Avaiting, General Shields is to
advance on the main road, and Colonel Gordon's
brigade, with some regiments of Donelly's, to make
a flank movement to the right, on a dirt road ; crossed
a wadable stream, and came opposite Kood's Hill,
which the rebels speedily left. Passed through Forest-
ville, so called because barren of trees ; crossetl another
stream ; ascended and descended ledges ; waited for
artillery stuck fast ; and at half-past eight turned into
a wood, and cooked and slept.
The knowledge of some of these people was remarka-
ble. At Forest ville, a group were astonished at the
instruments of the band. " What is that ? " inquired
an alarmed woman, in respect to the largest instrument.
" That, ma'am, is the bell-teezer, a new instrument for
throwing grape, and terribly destructive at short distan-
ces." Nobody ventured near the terrible weapon.
The next morning, forded the north fork of the
Shenandoah. The water was high, and the current
very rapid. ]Men and horses went down. It took ten
76 SECOND MASSACETDSETTS INFANTRY.
horses to get one caisson across the river. Passing
through Newmarket, to camp two miles south, the loyal
population was out in joy, — but it was black.
Here came a message : —
To Major General Banks : To you and the forces un-
der your command, this Department returns thanks for the
brilUant and successful operations of this day.
Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War.
That was for driving Jackson up the valley.
That camp was mud. Rails and straw made a little
shelter, — the wagons being left a few miles behind for
days. Rain was incessant, and cold severe. The men
christened u "Camp Misery," and officers and men fared
alike. Only one '^^'w of boots seemed w^ater-proof :
they were the major's, who found they had been moved
in the night into position to catch water ; and they were
two-thirds full, without a sign of a leak.
On the 21st : "Ready to march at ten, a.m., to-mor-
row." To-morrow came, but no march. On the 22d,
the'General said, " It has been represented, that, in many
cases, men reported absent, sick, are in reality detained,
performing various duties at the hospital to which they
have been sent, — without detail from competent author-
ity, — long after recovery." That was true enough, but
General Banks could not help himself, although he sent
officers after them.
On the 25th, moved on to near Harrisonburg, — a
raw day ; but, for a wonder, it did not rain. Camped.
On the 27th, ordered out on a "'dirt road" of a very
mean kind, and very mean of its kind. Jackson was
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 77
" within three miles : " but we went on eleven miles with
the Twenty-seventh Indiana, and somebody's battery,
and somebody's cavalry, and discovered nobody but
Colonel Donelly, who was camped out there ; and came
back again, making twenty miles of useful service that
Sunday. Jackson was on the other side of the middle
Shenandoah, at the end of a bridge piled with combus-
tibles. Somebody got over there afterwards, decidedly
to his discomfort.
Cut down baggage again, also the number of wagons.
On the evening of the 4th of May, struck tents, and
moved a mile towards Harrisonburg, to sleep in a field ;
which was accomplished with a view to take a fair
start in tlie morning. The next morning, started for
Strasburg ; stopping, after eighteen miles of march, at
Newmarket that evening, and going into camp, to be
roused up and move at midnight across the Massanutten
range to help General Sullivan, whom the signal-lights
on the hills said was threatened (at Columbia Bridge) by
twelve thousand men. Found troops and fires lining
the splendid road up the hill ; magnificent scenery at
sunrise, when the top was reached ; pleasant information,
at the other base, that General Sullivan was surprised
— to find us there, as he had seen no enemy; and
bivouacked two nights near Berner's JNIills. CHmbed
• the hill back again, — with wild cherry in -blossom, red-
bud, columbine, iris, wood-violets, and the genuine
New-England INIayflower, and the woods on fire, —
and got back to camp, where "Colonel Ticchurst" had
had dress-parade.
78 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
On the 10th of May, tents were struck, to be ready
to have a couple of shelterless nights, with tlie wagons
half a mile off: on the 12th, made fourteen miles
northward, and had piles of leaves for beds : on the
13th, to Strasburg, — the dirtiest, meanest town of all
the dirty, shiftless villages of the valley.
At Strasburg, the newspapers were read. Learned
that the corps was at Stanton, aiming for Richmond ;
also, that Jackson had evacuated the valley. All true,
except that we had fallen back to Strasburg, and that
Jackson was still on hand with twelve thousand men.
Here fortifications were building ; first-rate, only un-
fortunately commanded by higher ground. General
Shields's division was detached, and crossed over into
Eastern Virginia.
It was a surprise to everybody, — this retrograde
movement. It was supposed that Banks and Fremont
were to unite farther up the valley, and put an end to
Jackson's operations, — which was perfectly feasible.
But, at Harrisonburg, peremptory orders came to fall
back to Strasburg, fortify and hold that place. It was
one of the "gates of Washington." They had not
then learned that the place to defend Washington was
in front of Richmond. But, to the chagrin of every-
body, the summer was to be passed at Strasburg.
"It is hard/' said the commander to a friend, regard-
ing the complete overthrow of the intended campaign,
" to be the only man in the division that must not com-
plain." He did not complain. His admirable patience
was exemplified then as since, Avhcn he endured misrep-
THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 79
resentation in silence lest the service should suffer.
No truer patriot than N. P. Banks has taken part in
this war ; nor any man who had wiser foresight, from
the time wlicn he said to the President, on the first call
for seventy-five thousand men, " President, call out a
m'illion ! "
But we were to stay at Strasburg.
82 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Upon receiving tidings of the disaster, but vyliile
ignorant of its completeness, General Banks sent out
tlie Third Wisconsin (Colonel Ruger), some cavalry,
and a section of artillery. But, between eight and nine
o'clock, orders were sent to Colonel Ruger " to halt ; if
beyond Buckton, to fall back, if necessary, to a position
where he would not run any risk of being cut off."
Fugitives in the evening had brought tidings of Kenly's
utter routj and information that the enemy were moving
towards Winchester, which was eighteen miles north of
Strasburof and on the direct road to the Potomac.
In the night, therefore, the wagons were loaded, and
the men put under arms ; while experienced officers
explored the roads leading from Front Royal to Win-
chester. These parties found that the enemy held each
road, and was evidently hastening to Winchester to
cut off and capture the whole force. The trains, about
three, a.m., were started to the rear. But in the morn-
ing : " Information received this morning," said an
order, " shows that the enemy returned to Front Royal
last night, and will not, now at least, attempt our rear.
Our force will remain in Strasburg, therefore, till fur-
ther orders. . . . The Secretary and Assistant-Secre-
tary of War both telegraph that ample re-enforcements
will be sent." Possibly the promised re-enforcements
are referred to in the despatch of the President, of that
date, to General McDowell, who was then opposite
Fredericksburg : " General Fremont has been ordered
by telegraph to move from Franklin on Harrisonburg,
to relieve General Banks. . . . You are instructed, lay-
B^VNKS'S RETREAT. 83
ing aside for tlie present the movement on Richmond,
to put twenty tliousand men in motion at once for the
Shenan(h)ah, moving on the line, or in advance of the
line, of the Manassas-Gap raih'oad." To which, Gene-
ral jSIcDowell, while obeying, replied, "I am entirely
beyond helping distance of General Banks. ... It will
take a week or ten days to get to the valley."
Hardly had General Banks's order to remain been
received at brigade headquarters, and before General
McDowell could have started on his ten days' move-
ment, when another order followed, — "to move at once
towards ]\Iiddlctown, taking such steps to oppose the
enemy (reported to be on the road between Front Royal
and Middletown) as to General Williams may seem
proper .... Cothi'an's Battery is on the hill beliind us,
awaiting your orders. " The re-enforcements to Kenly
had been recalled ; the advance-guard (southward)
called in ; and about ten o'clock, a.m., May 24, the
column was on the road, endeavoring to reacli Win-
chester before the enemy, who was on the road from
Front Royal to that place.
Colonel Donelly's Brigade followed the wagons, which
had a strong guard : Colonel Gordon's was next ; and
General Hatch, witli most of the cavalry and six pieces
of artillery, was to protect the rear, and destroy prop-
erty which could not be brought off. The wagon-train
was miles in length ; and hundi-eds of disabled men
left behind by Shields's Division, encumbered tlie road.
The column, excepting the rear-guard, had passed
Cedar Creek, when tlie enemy attacked the train, then
84 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
mainly in front, and held the road to Middletown.
The troops then hastened forward, and Colonel Donelly
attacked the enemy, who were in strong force, and gal-
lantly drove them two miles from the road. The troops
passed much of the train, the danger appearing to be in
front. General Hatch was at its rear.
About a mile and a half above Newtown, report
came that the enemy had cut the train in the rear.
General Hatch found it impossible to pass through, and
was temporarily separated from the column. Colonel
Gordon went back with the Second Massachusetts
(with that, the 27th Indiana, 28th New York, and a
section'of Best's Battery) to relieve the train. The 27th
Indiana was already in line when he reached Newtown.
The 28th New York was halted in reserve. Colonel
Gordon, commanding the brigade, ordered Lieutenant-
Colonel Andrews, commanding the Second, to "ad-
vance, take the town, and hold it until further orders."
"The enemy," says the rebel officer Cooke, "turned sav-
ao-ely." Colonel Andrews advanced, with a section of
Best's Battery also ; Companies A (Captain Abbott)
and C (Captain Cogswell) being deployed as skir-
mishers. The enemy's artillery was posted in front, in
the main street, and threw shot along its length. The
enemy were speedily driven out of town, and took
position on the heights beyond. The colors were dis-
played from the highest house, as a signal to Hatch.
Four guns from Best's and Cothran's batteries were
immediately posted, and "opened a furious fire upon
the Confederate batteries." " Jackson hastened to the
ass^:^^*^
iSD^E^/Etr
[^EWSo
BANKS'S RETREAT. 85
front," but tlie loyal force "continued to check his fur-
ther advance until dark." ^ Jackson was " profoundly
enraged."
The disabled wagons, about fifty in number, could
not be brought off for want of horses ; and, by order
of Colonel Gordon after sending in vain for horses,
they were burned.
It was twilight when he ordered his force on again.
Companies A and C were in the rear, and the men of
B were flankers. A little distance beyond the burning
wagons, the enemy's cavalry appeared. Part of A was
placed on the left of the road ; part of C on the right ;
and platoons from the two, under Lieutenant Grafton,
in the road. Jackson was with his cavalry. " Charge
them ! charge them ! " said he. They advanced ; but,
when within fifty or sixty yards, the men of the three
companies poured in their fire, and the rebels turned
and fled. " Cowards I " could be heard shouted.
" Shameful ! " said Jackson. ^
A little fiirther on, at Barton's Mills, Company I re-
lieved A and C, that they might take their knapsacks,
left there before returning to Newtown. Again the
cavalry came on : Company I opened fire : again the
1 Rev. Professor Dabney, in his Life of Jackson, says : " Upon approach-
ing Newtown, the General was disappointed to tind his artillery arrested
. . . The enemy . . . showed a determined front. ... It was sunset be-
fore they were dislodged, and the pursuit resumed."
Between these two biographers of Jackson is this difference : Cooke
gives as fair a story as possible, considering his exalted views of South-
ern men ; nor does he exhibit an ugly spirit. Dabney is perfectly malig-
nant ; and, a[)parently from principle, never tells the truth if he can avoid it.
2 Dabney.
86 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
cavalry fled. " So severe a fire," says Dabney, " that
the cavahy advance retiried precipitately out of it,
carrying the General and his attendants along with
them, and riding down several cannoneers who had
been brought up to their support." Then the enemy's
infixntry appeared. " Three regiments of the Stone-
wall Brigade," says Cooke, "were thrown forward," who
"attacked Avith great gallantry ; and heavy firing ensued."
" So pertinacious was the stand of the Federalists here,"
says Dabtiey, "the 27th, 2d, and 5th Virginia regi-
ments were brought up ; and the affair grew to the
dimensions of a night combat before they gave way."
It was a combat between three regiments of the famous
Stonewall Brigade, and Company I, with D as flankers,
re-enforced on the sides of the road by Companies B
and C, the whole under jNIajor D wight of the Second
Massachusetts. The regiment accomjjlished the objdct
of the halt, and moved on.
Near Kernstown, a halt was ordered for rest, and to
arrange to send on the wounded. Ambulances were
sent for, but did not appear ; and the wounded were put
into a house. Half an hour passed : again the enemy
crept up in the darkness, and opened fire, which was
promptly returned. But the cavalry, Avhich had joined,
stampeded. The macadamized road brought the regi-
ment into relief, while the enemy were hidden in the
fields. The order was given to move on ; and the
enemy did not immediately follow.. Surgeon Leland,
with the wounded men in the house, fell into the hands
of the enemy.
BANKS'S RETREAT. 87
At two o'clock, A.M., the regiment readied the vicini-
ty of A^''incllcstcr, and lay down to rest. But Com-
pany C, as was a company from each regiment, was
sent out on outpost duty, and were skirmishing steadily.
They maintained their positiun with difficulty, but suc-
cessfully.
Early in the morning. Colonels Gordon and Donelly
placed tlieir brigades in position. On the right of the
road, looking southward, was Colonel Gordon, — the
Second on the right, then the 3d Wisconsin, the 27th
Indiana, and the 29th Pennsylvania. Battery M, First
New-Yoi'k Artillery (Lieutenant Peabody), consisting
of six six-pound Parrotts, was posted on the ridge. In
front of the line was a gulley, running at an angle
with the road ; and beyond, another height. Colonel
Donelly posted his few regiments on the left of the
road.
At five, A.M., the skirmishers were driven in by the
Stonewall Brigade, under General Winder, making
" a sharp and resolute resistance, firing heavy vol-
leys." ^ Colonel Gordon immediately directed his bat-
tery to open fire on the columns of the enemy moving
into position. " To dislodge these guns," says Cooke,
" Carpenter's and Cutshaw's batteries with two Par-
rott guns from the Ilockbridge Artillery, were rapidly
placed in position, and opened fire. The battle speedily
commenced in good earnest." Donelly's guns and in-
fantry were quickly heard on the left, and " a dan-
gerous enfilade fire was poured on the Southern lines."
1 Cooke.
88 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Two companies of the Second Avere thrown forward
to annoy the enemy's g'uns, — D, Captain Savage; and
G, Captain Cary. They took shelter behind a stone
wall, and " opened a galling and destructive fire on the
cannoneers and horses attached to the Confederate bat-
teries." The fire was so sharp that some of the enemy's
guns withdrew, and some were silenced. The skir-
mishers continued their fire " with a precision which
was ofalling: and dang-erous in the extreme. No one
could mount to the crest of the hill without hearing the
sudden report of their excellent long-range guns, suc-
ceeded by the whistling of balls near his person. To
drive out these persistent and accurate marksmen," the
rebel Poague threw solid shot at their stone wall ;
"but, in spite of the missiles and crashing stones
around them," says Cooke, " the line of sharpshooters
still gallantly held their position."
But rebel regiments were moving in swarms around
the right, under the rebel General Taylor. To prevent
being flanked, Colonel Gordon moved the Twenty-ninth
Pennsylvania and Twenty-seventh Indiana to the right.
" The Federal commander," says Cooke, of this move-
ment, "was making preparations to assail Jackson's
position in force. All was ready at last ; and suddenly
the Federal infantry w^as seen moving in heavy columns
to the [rebel] left, with the evident intention of gaining
possession of the ridge to the north and west of the
town." Against Taylor's men and the Stonewall
Brigade on the flank, and the still steady fire in front,
Colonel Gordon's four rcijiments were, of course, of
BANKS'S RETREAT. 89
little avail. They poured in a destructive fire, and then
heard the order to fall back. The Second moved down
the hill, by left of companies to the rear, — the Third
Wisconsin, in line of battle ; but a company or two of
each halted to pour one destructive volley. The
heights were now swarming with rebel troops, whose
fire went principally overhead. The regiments kept in
order ; entered Winchester ; and the Second, turning
into a cross street, re-arranged the order of companies,
and formed by the usual alignment. The enemy
appeared on the main streets, and opened fire. Through
Winchester (with shots from houses until forbearance
ceased ^) , by the burning buildings ; on the road to
Martinsburg, — the rear of that portion of the force
which took that road. The enemy's guns were cpiickly
placed in an old work, and opened fire. Cavalry
threatened. But the regiment kept steadily on. Some
of the force in the advance were getting into disorder.
General Banks, knowing that any disorder would become
1 On this matter, testimony was afterwards taken, by order from
Division Headquarters. In addition to abundant proof, that citizens fired
from liouses, was evidence that women fired upon tlie soldiers. I make a
few extracts from diff'erent statements: "I came out on the west street. I
saw two women shoot from a window. They used jjuns." — "I saw a woman
standing in the window with a pistol in her hand. I saw her shoot, and saw
a man fall." — "I saw a woman shoot a pistol from a window.'' [Five wit-
nesses to the scene.] — "I saw a woman fire, from a house, a revolver. This
was near the centre of the town. " — "I saw two women. One discharged a
pistol; the ball passing over my heal, and entering a wall on the opposite
side of the street." — " On Main Street, a woman came to the door, and fired
what I thought to be a revolver." When it is remembered, that, during our
occupation of Winchester, women were as safe from insult in the streets of
Winciiester as in Boston, the infamous conduct of that population is evi-
dent. It needed puril'ying by fire.
I
90 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
a rout, placed himself in front, and restored discipline.
Thirty-two miles' march, without a halt, brought it
to Martinsburg. There the enemy ceased to follow.
The quartermaster procured " crackers," and fed the
men. Thirteen miles more, with a throng of Union
people, children and adults, and Williamsport was
reached. The trains, save the wagons lost before the
Second became rear-guard, were safe. A thousand
camp-fires blazed on the hillside. The trains crossed
by the deep ford ; the ammunition wagons, by the single
ferry ; the men forded ; all were over before noon
next day, except that four companies of the Second,
and the same of the Third Wisconsin, — sworn friends
from that day, — Avere left for duty on the Virginia
shore. ^ The Second had marched, in thirty-three hours,
fifty-six miles, fighting in one pitched battle and in the
skirmishes as rear-guard.
The conduct of the Second on this occasion put its
reputation, before the country, on that basis for which
its thorough discipline, accomplished drill, and personal
bravery had been fitting it. Its own State was proud
of it ; and that pride only grew with succeeding years.
The regiment was satisfied with itself ;' and officers and
men from that day understood each other, taught as
only this baptism of fire could teach.
1 Dabney says, " When the last of the cavalry drove the last of the fugi-
tives across the Potomac, a multitude of helpless blacks were found," etc.
There was no annoyance whatever beyond Martinsburg. The troops were
in order. Nor did the infantry all cross until next day; and then, without a
sign of the enemy. General Banks replaced the infantry south of the river
with cavah-y, who occupied the road for miles out.
BANKS'S RETREAT. 91
But Major Dwiglit — brave and beloved — was niiss-
inof. Surgeon Leland, who had remained with the
wounded at Kernstown, and Assistant-Surgeon Stone,
who would not abandon the hospital in his charge at
Winchester, were prisoners. Captain Mudge and Sec-
ond Lieutenant Crowninshield were wounded, — Mudge,
carried for miles in the arms of a few of his men, who,
separated from the command, succeeded in taking him to
Harper's Ferry. Emerson and Staples, of C ; Lakin,
of D ; Dane and Peck, of G ; O'Connell, of H ; and
Higgins, of I, — were killed in action. Stephens (A.),
of B ; Colvin, of D ; Churchill, Vosc, and Williams,
of F; Bickford and Bosmore, of I, — were mortally
wounded. Forty-one others were wounded. And,
besides seventeen of the wounded, seventy-seven were
prisoners.^ Of the dead, Higgins was buried at Bartons-
ville ; the others, on the field near AVinchester.
Jackson's object had been accomplished. Not in
destroying or capturing the division, which he ought to
have done ; but in effectually breaking up the plans of
the general-in-chief, by frightening the authorities, as
usual, into the securing "the defence of Washington,"
which his mere advance accomplished. The troops
were never " to uncover Washinoton." McDowell was
1 Pollard, in his " Southern History," says that Jackson took " four thou-
sand prisoners." As General Banks had but two brigades, tlie brilliancy of
this statement is evident. It is a sample of Pollard. He is not worth refer-
ring to again.
The " English Combatant's Battle-fields of the South "' makes Banks's
force twenty tliousand men, and says that Winchester " was strongly forti-
fied." English !
92 SECOISTD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
not to re-enforce McClellan for the capture of Ricli-
mond. "The President's order," said McDowell just
before this aifair, " is a crushing blow ; ... we shall
have all our large masses paralyzed." They were : and
Banks's command, fatally weakened early in May, had
met with a crushing disaster. Banks, left with less
than eight thousand men, had been overpowered by a
force admitted to be over twenty thousand.
Crossing the river to Williamsport, camp was estab-
lished half a mile back of the town, and continued
until the 10th of June. Here Major Dwight suddenly
returned. Various accounts had insisted that he was
dead. But he had yielded a moment, in Winchester,
to the solicitations of a wounded man to place him in a
house. It was a momentary stop, but when he came
out, the rebels were there. Receiving his arms, an offi-
cer asked him, "Have you no other arms?" — "If you
are very particular," replied the major, " here is a pen-
knife." He was treated kindly ; and after considerable
effort succeeded in getting paroled, and reached our
lines. Ashe came to camp, a shout went up, "The
major ! "' All order seemed to vanish as the men rushed
towards him, took hold of his clothes, cheered; and
escorted the happy, laughing man into camp. He was
not exchanged until after Cedar Mountain. Surgeon
Leland was paroled, and left with wounded at Winchester
when the rebels quitted. Assistant-Surgeon Stone Avas
paroled ; the parole to be a free release, if at Washing-
ton he could secure an aoreement that surgeons should
be not liable to capture, — which was accomplished.
BANKS'S KETREAT. 93
A chjinG;e of command took place. Two brigadiers
had been sent from Washington, and had arrived; but
were not assigned, at Strasburg. On the 28th of May,
Brijjadier-General George L. Greene took command of
the Third Brigade. He was a good and brave soldier ;
but an angel — if a military angel exists — could not
have satisfied the men, after their experience of Colonel
Gordon in the retreat. A sense of injustice was preva-
lent. General Banks felt the harshness of removing
an officer who had rendered such service, and who had
always been so efficient ; but he was powerless. He is-
sued, however, an order in which he expressed his —
" Unqualified approval of the manner in which Colonel
George II. GordoQ has discharged the duties of brigade-
commauder. lu orgauization, disciphue, iustruction, and
equipment, he has maintained and elevated the standard of
his command. In the execution of ordei's, — often, from
the extreme necessities of our position and the great reduc-
tiou of our force, sudden and ditRcuU, — he has been prompt
and successful, exhibiting on all occasions the qualities of an
accomplished and experienced officer. The commanding
officer has also the pleasure of expi'essing his approval of
the manner in which the Third "Brigade and its commander
discharged their most important duties in the march from
Strasburg, on the 2-4th instant ; and, in the affiiir with the
enemy, as rear-guard of the column, in the evening of
the same day, which contributed so much to the safety of the
command ; and, in the engagement of the 2oth, at "Win-
chester, Va. He has the strongest confidence that its
distinguished character and reputation will be maintained
hereafter."
But this removal resulted in the immediate [)romotiou
94 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY.
of Colonel Gordon. He had been unanimously recom-
mended for the appointment of brigadier, by the Con-
gressional delegation from Massachusetts, in August,
1861. The personal opposition of a Massachusetts
official had prevented it ; but General Banks knew his
Tv^orth, and had regularly arranged his brigades to place
him at the head of his own. The glaring injustice now
overrode personal influence ; and his promotion for his
conduct in the retreat, was made June 12, 1862. "He
has got his promotion," wrote one official to another.
" I could not help it : he earned it." The scene, when
he took leave of his old regiment, with the reply of
Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews, was affecting.
General Greene continued in command, and Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Andrews was promoted colonel : Ser-
geant Miller, of Company D, was promoted to be
second lieutenant, — by and by, to be disabled by
wounds.
Of General Fremont's movements from Western Vir-
ginia (on which he started May 25) into the valley;
of Jackson's sudden evacuation of Winchester, necessi-
tated thereby ; of the pursuit, and of the battles of
Cross Keys and Port Republic in consequence, — it is
out of the province of this account to speak. But the
valley was cleared for the time.
At Williamsport came a paper of a private charac-
ter from the War Department. At Strasburg, the
line officers (if the lieutenant - colonel commanding
knew of it, he kept silence), terribly chagrined that a
regiment of such material, and made by so much labor,
BANKS'S RETREAT. 95
slionkl be kept in inaction at Strasburg, wliile other
troops were to win glory in Eastern Virginia, had ven-
tured to address a letter to the Secretary, stating their
case, and asking, if the good of the service would per-
mit, to be put where they could do something. Tiie
answer was kind and appreciative : but " the exigencies
of the service required that the regiment should stay at
Strasburg." This answer was received at Williams-
port, and was thought, imder the circumstances, to be
rather a good joke. There was to be glory enough by
and by.
96 SECOND IMASSACHUSETTS INFAlNTKr.
VIII.
GEXEEAL POPE.
On the 7th of June, General Greene told the bri-
gade to be " in readiness to move across the river
at an hour's notice ; " and that " neither officers or
men will be permitted to leave the camp." On the
day previous, General Banks had issued an order, that
General Williams's Division was to " march through the
city of Winchester, in close order, with drums beating ;
and in no case whatever will any soldier be permitted
to leave the ranks." This was to prevent that salutary
vengeance which the incensed soldiers would have ta-
ken on all houses from which men and women had fired
on our soldiers in the retreat. Perhaps it was best, but
that infamous town never met its deserts. Luckily,
Satan will get his own some day.
Furious rains had prevented a crossing for four or
five days ; but, on the 10th, the troops crossed the
river, the band of the Second playing " Carry me back
to ole Virginny." Bivouacked that night near Falling
Waters ; the next, camped at Bunker Hill. The next
day approached Winchester ; halted an hour outside the
town ; marched through in the manner designated, find-
GENERAL POPE. 97
ing there General Sigel's Corps, which had been sent
across from Harper's Ferry, on the usual principle of
doing every thing too late. The colonel got a bou-
quet in Winchester, Avhich proved that there was
one decent woman in that ungodly town. Kept on
for a mile below town ; rested for some hours, and then
moved to Bartonsville, six miles below Winchester,
and camped. So far into Virginia, everybody had
scrupulously abstained, according to orders of the brig-
adier, from even getting a drop of water from any-
body's well, which seemed rather hard in that villainous
country, and was very discouraging to a chaplain in re-
gard to the increase of swearing.
At Bartonsville, where the bullets of the enemy were
visible in the bridge-posts, the regiment remained six
days. Discipline was strict. Soldiers even had to re-
build a fence whose rails had been taken for firewood,
the secession owner complaining about it. Fine times
those were : but profanity increased.
Here came to the regiment William H. Hcatli, as
volunteer surgeon. When it was known in Boston,
that both the medical officers of the Second were pris-
oners, Surgeon-General Dale sent a despatch to Dr.
Heath, to come in to Boston. He went immediately.
" Will you go to the Second for temporary service ? "
"Yes: when?" — "This afternoon?" — "Yes. " He
had time only to purcliase a valise and a suit of clothing ;
and, sending a "good-by " to his wife, whom there was
not time to see, left for Virginia. Wiien lie arrived, he
was persuaded to accept a commission ; and he did not
7
98 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY .
see his home again imtil 1864. He was to be recog-
nized as one of the best sursfeons and truest men in the
corps, before he died, of disease caused by devotion to
duty in the trenches before Atlanta.
On the 18th, moved to near Front Royal, and re-
mained there until the 6th of July. General Fremont
was then holding Strasbm'g ; and the two commands
were separated, for fifty miles, by a line in the road,
— which tended to unity of plan, of course.
On the 25th, General Gordon was replaced in com-
mand of the brigade. He was jo}4iilly welcomed back.
General Greene had secured respect, and deserved it ;
and when he was afterwards severely wounded, the bri-
gade sincerely mourned : but General Gordon they
knew.
It was a hot Sunday, that of the 6th of July.
Ready to move early ; but not until eleven o'clock was
the "forward " heard. A few miles on, at the junction
of the north fork and main stream of the Shenandoah,
waited in an open plain in the blazing sun for hours,
while the trains got out of the way. Crossed the tem-
porary bridge ; passed over Kenly's battle-ground, and
saw plenty of old u'on ; went through the pretty village
of Front Royal, and camped a mile south ; men fell
down, entirely exhausted by the heat, on reaching the
camp-ground, but many found comfort in a cooling
bath in the brawling brook near by. On the 7th, re-
veille at three, a.m. ; at six, on the road for the Blue
Ridge. Passed up Chester Gap, w^iere the. cooling-
breeze refreshingly tempered the powerful heat ; de-
GENERAL POPE. 99
scended, and thanked God that we were out of the
valley at last. ^lade twelve miles before eleven o'clock ;
rested in a beautiful wood just before Flint Hill ; and,
towards night, had orders to camp, and a delightful
shower blessed the camp.
Some kind of a local magistrate dropped into camp
in the afternoon, whide the grapes were being eaten,
to discuss matters. His coolness was refreshing. He
insisted that we had no constitutional right to " invade"
Virginia, for the Constitution gave no right to carry-
on a war outside of the United States. Virginia had
seceded ; ergo, war in Virginia was unconstitutional.
Further, we ought to restore fugitive slaves, fur the
Fugitive-Slave law said so. "' But," said the General,
" is Vii'ginia one of the United States? " — " Xo," was
the prompt reply. " Then what have you got to do
with the Fugitive-Slave law, or the Constitution of the
United States ? "
Rear-guard next day. Slow business ; but it gave
time to eat the cherries. Waiting for the trains, the
men ate cherries ; picked cherries to eat on the road ;
cut limbs fidl of cherries to carry along. Providence
had evidently made those chen-ies for that occasion ;
and yet the secession owners had the impudence and
impiety to object to the ways of Providence I Five
miles beyond the cherry-trees, halted ; then camped,
and here recovered divers stolen horses. It was near
Gaines's Cross-roads. On the 11th, eight miles to
near Warrenton.
On the 12th : ''Orders havins: been received from Ma-
100 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS rNFANTRY.
jor-General Pope, commanding the Army of Virginia,
to have this command in constant readiness for a move-
ment," &c. &c. — as if it had been doing any thing
else! On the same day, the "Zouaves d'Afrique,"
good men under an absurd title and in an absurd dress,
M^ere assigned to duty, under Colonel Andrews, —
" where they will ' receive proper instruction and dis-
cipline." They certainly got it ; and they proved their
bravery at Cedar Mountain.^
General Pope was in command. On the 26th day of
June, by special order of the President, he had been
assigned to this position. It Avas a good thing that
three separate commands in one department were now
to be under one helid, — McDowell's, to be known as
the 1st Corps ; Banks's, the 2d ; and Fremont's, the
3d, of the "Army of Virginia," by order of August 12.
Fremont, it will be remembered, refused to serve under
a junior in rank ; but Banks made no objection.
On the 14th of July (General Crawford was in tem-
porary command of the division that day), General
Pope issued his address. It was by no means well
received. " I have come from the West," he said,
"where we have always seen the backs of our enemies."
The enemy saw his by and by. "I hear constantly," he
said, " of taking strong positions, and holding them [ if
1 This company had been General Banks's guard. " An English Com-
batant," in his work, "Battle-Fields of the South," — a work full of lies
from beginning to end, — in referring to a mention of these Zouaves, says,
" My reader will not fail to observe ti-om the above, that General Banks's
body-guard is composed of negroes." The writer need not have said he was
English.
GENERAL POPE. 101
he liad held his, it would have been better for Massa-
chusetts] ; of lines of retreat, and of bases of supplies.
Let us discard such ideas." The latter were discarded
when supplies came down to green corn ; the former
were not, when they led inside the fortifications of
Washington. It was not the way to talk to soldiers
who had proved their daring against overwhelming
powers. The papers said that General Pope's " head-
quarters were to be in the saddle." They ought to
have said, "in a good many saddles, and wagons enough
for a division," — as ap[)eared when five weeks after
his assignment to command the General was received
by the Second Corj)s.
Another order was sensible : " Hereafter no guards
will be placed over private houses or private property
of any description whatever. Commanding officers
are responsible for the conduct of the troops under
their command."
Here baggage was cut down again, July 16 : one
valise to an officer ; three officers to a tent (which was
luxury compared to subsequent days) ; a " shelter tent
[tent d'abri] to each two privates." The Sibleys de-
parted, and were seen no more. Ten days' rations to
be kept on hand ; a hundred and fifty rounds of ammu-
nition per man to be kept in the wagons.
How we came to Warrenton was a blunder. Some
stui)id official had written " Warrenton," instead of
"Washington, " — the "Little Washington " westward.
So, on^the 10th, marched to Hedgeman's liiver, crossed
it, and camped in a sharp thunder-storm. The next
102 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
day, througli the forlorn village of Amissville, to
Gaines's Cross-roads ; and, turning westward, travelled
in another thunder-storm to a steep hillside overlooking
the little village of Little Washington, which nestled
prettily under its trees, but proved a sham when one
went into it. Here military exercises went on, —
instruction of men and officers in sighting, aiming,
calculating distances, and so on.
On the 25th, moved a mile below the village, where
a camp was laid out on regulation distances, — to follow
which would take half a State for a respectable army.
Here was a great review and sham fights and cavalry
charges. Here it was learned that General Pope had
got to Warrenton ; and here he soon appeared. On
the 3d of August, he was formally received, on the
day of his own selection, — which was Sunday; but,
when at the close General Banks was to have Sunday
observed by twenty minutes of public worship, General
Pope galloped off in a hurry.
Various changes took place in the roll of officers in
July. Captain Underwood was appointed major in the
Thirty-third Massachusetts. Lieutenant Horton, then
detailed on General Greene's staff, was appointed
assistant adjutant-general ; Lieutenant Wheaton, then
on General Gordon's staff, commissary of subsistence ;
Lieutenant Hawes, also on General Gordon's staff,
assistant-quartermaster ; and Second Lieutenant Scott,
also on the same staff, assistant adjutant-general, each
with the rank of captain. Two of the vacancies made
in the second lieutenancies were filled in July, — by the
GENERAL, POPE. 103
promotion of Albert W. Powers, first sergeant of G,
and Edward A. Phalen, first sergeant of C, — neither
commission arriving until after each had been wounded
at Cedar Mountain.
The line of the army ran through Warrenton, Little
AVashington, Sperryville, and Luray ; while in the
valley somebody was holding, rather shakingly, that
Sodom named Winchester ; and the rebels were gather-
ing, up tlie valley, the rich crops which a general order,
early in the season, had told the people to raise, — on
the old plan of feeding the enemy. The left of the
line was now to be swung forward so that the whole
army should be on the road from Culpeper to Sperry-
ville ; while cavalry, well forward, covered its front,
from the Blue Ridge to the forks of the Rappahannock.
General Banks was to move to Hazel River.
The Second left Little Washington, August 6th ;
passed General Sigel at Sperryville ; bivouacked at
Woodville that night, and at Hazel River the next :
fifty or more recruits joined here, and Colonel An-
drews — the indefatigable man — had a battalion-drill
in the morninir.
104 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
IX.
CEDAR MOUNTAIN.
The enemy was crossing the Rapidan. Culpeper was
occupied about the 4th of August, by Crawford's
Brigade, of Banks's Corps ; and on the 7th, Ricketts's
Division, McDowell's Corps, arrived. Bayard's Cav-
alry Avas near Rapidan Station, and Buford's at Barnett's
Ford. The enemy made a feint of sending off a column
by way of Madison Court-house ; but his object was
Culpeper. On the morning of the 8th, Bayard was
pressed slowly back ; while Buford rejDorted the enemy
advancing- on Madison. Crawford's Brii^ade was sent
out towards Cedar Mountain to support Bayard, and
General Banks was ordered up from Hazel River.
The Second bivouacked that night (or what was left of
the night), just on the north of Culpeper. Jackson,
the old opponent, was busy again. ^
On the morning of the 9th, directions to fall in ;
to camp ; to fall in again. An officer rode up to
General Banks, with an order. It was given verbally,
1 " Learning that only a portion of General Pope's army was at Culpeper
Court-house, General Jackson resolved to attack it before the arrival of the
remainder." — Lee's Eeports.
CEDAll MOUNTAIX. 105
but reduced to writing by General Banks's assistant
adjutant-general, Colonel Pelouze ; and read to the offi-
cer who brought it, who pronounced it correct. It
was this : —
" CuLPEPER, 9.45, A.M., Aug. 9, 1862.
" General Banks will move to the front immediately ; assume
command of all the forces in the front ; deploy his skirmishers,
if the enemy approaches ; and attack him immediately, as soon
as he approaches ; and be re-enforced from here." ^
On the road, then, to support Crawford, who was
being pressed by the enemy. Through Culpeper, on a
south-west course. It was an intensely hot day. One
man, — Carey, of F, — died from exhaustion, and was
buried by the roadside : he was a recruit, who had
joined but a few days before. Two or three miles out
of Culpeper, a whole division (Ricketts's) was passed,
— destined to chafe uselessly in sound of every shot of
that day. Now and then, the dull, heavy sound of
single shots was heard. Five miles from Culpeper, left
the road at the run, followed its rough course west-
ward half a mile, and saw Cedar Mountain, — a tall,
steep hill, overlooking the low ground ; passed up the
hill on which was Brown's house, and the brigade was
put in line on the wooded crest beyond it, in a com-
manding position, to which General Gordon had
pointed, while in the low ground, and received the
assent of General Roberts, General Pope's chief of
1 General Pope, in his official report, says, " I regret that General Banks
thou<;ht it expedient to depart from my instructions." It is useless to try-
to reconcile this statement with his order.
106 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
staff, who soon rode up and approved it. The other
brigades were not then in position ; when they were
stationed, it was so that the Third Brigade thus had the
extreme riglit, at an angle with Crawford's, and, in fact,
totally disconnected : next to Crawford were Geary,
Greene, and Prince, in order. Crawford's Brigade
was in a wood ; the other three, in tlie open ground,
which was slightly rolling, and their line ran east and
west. Gordon's original position was never attacked.
A mile and a half south of the line. Cedar Mountain
towered up over the plain. Up that mount, the enemy
placed batteries ; and there stood Jackson , able to see
the movement of every regiment of ours. His line,
gradually developed, came to be about parallel to ours
of the four brigades, — his left hid in the woods like
our right, and crossing the open ground to the hill.
The enemy numbered, one of their accounts says,
" about fifteen thousand men." The same authority
(Cooke) mentions ten brigades ; and their official list of
casualties agrees with this, — specifying losses from
forty-two regiments of infantry, one regiment of cav-
alry, and four " battalions," besides the batteries.
Banks's five brigades numbered less than eight thousand
men.^
1 Cooke says, " The Federal force opposed to him was undoubtedly much
larger than his own." He estimates it at thirty-two thousand, including
Banks's, Sigel's, and a division of McDowell's. In fact, none but Banks's
men were within miles of the battle-field, as he might have known from
the official reports. Dabney says, " The Federalists, according to their own
returns, had thirty-two thousand men engaged in this battle." Cooke is
honestly mistaken; Dabney, dishonestly.
CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 107
Standing on the height in front of Brown's house,
General Gordon's Brigade was ahiiost in one's rear.
Looking southward, across a run, was a wooded
swell; an eighth of a mile through, on the southern
edge of the wood, was Crawford: an open field, rather
more than two hundred yards across, separated him
from a wood occupied by the rebels. Crawford's wood
ran eastward to a point. There was General Banks in
person, near Geary. Next beyond could be seen
Greene, and then Prince. Cedar Mountain is full in
view. Early in the afternoon. General Banks's skir-
mishers are seen pushing forward. The enemy presses
them. General Banks with his left and centre meet the
enemy. 1 There is a rattling fire. The enemy have
not developed yet ; their troops are mainly out of sight,
behind the wood in front of Crawford, — in the valley
west of the mountain. But they press harder soon.
The guns up Cedar Mountain open. Their plunging
shot plough the ground : occasionally, shell burst in
our line. Our artillery, stationed on slight elevations,
repHes. The enemy open with guns from behind the
woods in front of our General ; and the artillery fire
becomes rapid on both sides. The moving of guns,
the shifting of cavalry, the slight changes in line, are
visible. It does not yet appear in what force are the
enemy. It is two hours before the artillery play gives
place to the rattle of musketry to much extent.
1 This is all which bears upon General Pope's statement, that " General
Banks had left the strong position which he had taken up, and had advanced
two miles to meet the enemj'."
108 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Then, the battery behind the point of woods is so
annoying- on onr centre, that General Banks orders
Crawford to move across the open field, pierce the
woods, and attack the battery, while his centre moves
on at the same time. The order is gallantly obeyed.
His brigade moves on, increased by five companies of
the Third Wisconsin, of Gordon's Brigade, as skir-
mishers, — steadily thinned by a terrible fire from the
concealed foe, and by a flank fire which comes from
the thicket on the west of the field, in which the enemy
have been hidden, — both Crawford's Brigade, and five
companies of our Third Wisconsin. Donelly, the brave
colonel of the Twenty-eighth New York, is mortally
wounded by a shot from the thicket. Crane, the gal-
lant lieutenant-colonel of the Third Wisconsin, falls
dead. Officers are swept ofi" in every regiment. The
men keep on, pierce the wood ; but, not far within it,
the line has melted away.^
Looking backward from Brown's house, still remains
the Third Brigade : the Second, the 3d Wisconsin
(five companies), and the 27th Indiana, — three regi-
ments true as steel. The Second only is visible : some
1 It must be in reference to this, and to the movement of the centre, that
Lee's Report saj's, " Tlie main body of the Federal infantry, under cover of
a wood and the undulations of the field, gained the left of Jackson's Divis-
ion, now commanded by General Taliaferro, and poured a destructive fire
into its flank and rear. Campbell's Brigade fell back in confusion,
exposing the flank of Taliaferro's, which also gave way, as did the left of
Early's. The rest of his brigade, however, firmly held its ground. Wind-
er's Brigade, with Branch's (of A. P. Hill's Division) on its right, advanced
promptly to the support of Jackson's Division; and, after a sanguinary
struggle, the enemy was repulsed with loss."
CEDAR MOUNTAIiSr. 109
of the men fire asleep ; some are making coffee ;
some are looking at the battle-field. The ambulances
are grouped in the road cutting the wood. General
Gordon stands watching, his glass almost steadily
to his eye ; for General Williams has told him, that,
so soon as an order is sent for the Third Brigade to
move, he will wave a handkerchief. The rattle of the
musketry chafes him ; and he watches for the signal.
It does not come, but, impatient, — " Fall in ! " Every
man is on his feet. Waiting all through Crawford's
attack. At last, "Forward, double-quick!" Past the
house, down the slope, over the run, up into Crawford's
woods, past the wounded, and to re-enforce Crawford.
But Crawford's Brigade is, for the time, annihilated ;
and Gordon's takes its place, gathering up, also, the
five Wisconsin companies which had assisted Crawford.
Formed at the edge of the open field (Captain Abbott
with A, skirmishers, behaving gallantly), they are
received with a keen, well-aimed fire. Colonel Andrews
spoke a few words to his skirmishers, upon their duty,
and passed along the line. The brigade open fire, the
Second firing by file. Soon the musketry ceased to be
"The day seemed lost," says Cooke. "In vain did the Confederate
oflScers attenipt to hold the men steady. ... At that moment of disaster
and impending ruin, amid the clouds of smoke, his voice was heard rising
above the uproar and the thunder of the guns. . . . His exertions to rally
the men were crowned with success. . . . The old Stonewall Brigade and
Branch's Brigade advanced at a double-quick."
These exft-acts show how near, against a vastly superior force, the
battle of Cedar Mountain was to being a victory. The single division lying
baci?, in sound of the guns, impatient for orders, had it been on hand, would
have turned the scale. But Pope, who had ordered Banks to attack, did
not send the promised re-enforcemeuts.
110 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
a rattle : it was an unbroken roar, tlie artillery all
silent. For thirty minutes it was steady. Colonel
Andrews's horse is shot under him. Savage is
wounded, and Quincy, and two-thirds of the ofHcers.
The line is thinning fast.
But the enemy advance in line. They are received
with a savage fire, and never get nearer than fifty
yards.
There is a heavy force on our right, into which our
brigade is firing. They are in blue. " I think," said
Colonel Colgrove, " we are firing on our own men."
General Gordon rode forward, and was met by a savage
fire. Then that force advanced, through the bushes.
A heavy fire comes down on the right flank. The
bullets come like hail. The line shrivels up. It is a
question of annihilation or retreat. The force moving
on three regiments was made up of Winder's, Branch's,
Pendei-'s, and Archer's Brigades. The General ordered
the line to fall back ; and, while the centre and left
were pressed by Ewell, it fell back to its old position
by Brown's house, just as the darkness was deepening.
The enemy has the wood, but does not pursue. General
Banks establishes a line about a mile to the rear of his
former ; and the troops who would have saved the day,
if they had been ordered up to the support of General
Banks, come to the support ; and General Pope, too.
The losses of the Second had been terrible : Captains
Abbott, Cary, Williams, and Goodwin, and Lieutenant
Perkins, — dead ; Major Savage, — mortally wounded,
•and a prisoner ; Captain Quincy and Lieutenant Miller,
CEDAK MOUNTAIN. Ill
— wounded and prisoners ; Surgeon Leland (early in
the action), Lieutenants Oakey, Browning, Grafton,
Robeson, — wounded; Captain Russell, — a prisoner.
Enlisted men : Corporal Bassett, Bright, Dyer, Flem-
ming, Hazelton, Livingston, and Sergeant Whitten, of
A ; Gilson and Corporal Oakes, of B ; Brown (F. H.) , •
Cochrane, Frames, Corporal Grey,. Hines, Jewell,
Stonehall, and Williston, of C ; Bickford, Corporal Fay,
and Corporal Wilcox, of D ; Ide and Sparrow, of
E : Sergeant Andrews, Hatch, Howard, and Hoxsey,
of G ; Corporal Cahill, Corporal De Weale, and Duffy,
of H; Sergeant Willis, of I; and Conlan, Daly,
Livingstone, Montague, Roberts, and Watson, of K,
— killed; Corporal Buxton, Gilman, and Spalding, of
A; Stephens (J.), of B; Donovan, of C; Daniels,
of E; Moore, of F; Dillingham, Greene (M.),
Smith, and First-Sergeant Williston, of G ; Sylvester,
of I; and Hauboldt, of K, — were mortally wounded.
Ninety-nine others were wounded ; and fourteen men,
besides four of the wounded, were prisoners. Of the
twenty-three officers who went upon the field, seven
only came back unhurt ; and thirty-five per cent of the
regiment, as engaged, were killed or wounded. The
company of Zouaves, which, the colonel officially said,
had " honorably and creditably discharged their duty on
the field," lost one commissioned officer, Lieutenant
Heirvack, — missing ; four non-commissioned officers
and privates, — killed, and seven, — missing.
When, in the momentary absence of Colonel An-
drews to see the wounded, the next in rank was sought
112 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
for, it was the junior captain, whose commission had
arrived a few days before.
Well might General Pope say in his official report,
" The Massachusetts regiments [there was but one]
behaved with especial gallantry, and sustained the
heaviest losses." ^
Equally well did General Pope speak of the " distin-
guished gallantry .• . . of General Gordon."^
Equally well did he say, " The conduct of the whole
corps was beyond all praise."
And equally well, "I cannot speak too highly of the
ceaseless intrepidity of General Banks himself, during
the whole engagement. . . . He exposed himself as
freely as any one under his command ; and his examj)le
went far to secure that gallant and noble conduct which
has made his corps famous." ^
Some time after, there came the following order : —
Headquartehs, Army of Virginia,
Near Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 16, 1862.
General Orders, No. 21.
Tlie following despatch has been received from the Gen-
eral-iu-Cliief of the Ai'my, and, with this order, will be
published at the head of every regiment and detachment in
this command : †”
1 No official record of the losses of the corps has met the writer's eye.
Of General Gordon's less than 1500 men, 466 were killed, wounded, or
missing. General Lee's Report makes the Confederate loss, 229 killed, 1,047
wounded, — total, 1,276.
2 " Colonel Andrews, Colonel Ruger, Colonel Colgrove . . . deserving
praise for gallant conduct." — General Gordon. "My Staff, Captain H. B.
Scott, A A.G., Captain Charles Wheaton, and Lieutenant Robert G. Shaw,
rendered me especial service. I owe them many thanks for their labors
and coolness under this terrific fire." — General Gordon.
3 I make no criticism upon the conduct of this battle, because I am not
qualified. Recording events only, much of which I saw, military men will
know what was wrong.
CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 113
War Department, Washington, Aug. 14, 1862.
Major-General Pope, — Your telegram of last evening
is most satisfactory ; and I congratulate you and your army,
and particularly General Banks and his corps, on your hard-
earned but brilliant success against vastly superior numbers.
Your troops have covered themselves with glory; and
Cedar Mountain will be known in history as one of the great
battle-fields of the war. H. W. Halleck,
General-in- Chief.
The Major-General commanding the Army of Virginia
has little to add to this despatch. It is a feeble expression
of his feelings, to say that he Avas delighted and astonished
at the gallant and intrepid conduct of his command, and
especially of the Second Corps.^ Success and glory are sure
to accompany such conduct ; and it is safe to predict, that
Cedar Mountain is only the first of a series of victories which
shall make the Army of Virginia famous in the land, and
draw very close to the hearts of their countrymen every
officer and soldier who belongs to it.
John Pope,
Major-General Commanding.
The praise was merited. But were the congratulations
on the brilliant success and victory, a burlesque? Our
men felt that they could well spare such victories as
being driven from the field by vastly superior numbers,
leaving their wounded in the hands of the enemy, bury-
ing their dead afterwards by permission of the enemy ;
while the arms captured by the rebels, lay in huge piles.
But that was the way they used to write history.
The evening after the battle, the Second, in its brig-
ade, was placed in the centre of the new army hne,
1 General Banks's.
114 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
and close up to the enemy ; so close, that one of its sen-
tries (Harrington, of Company E) captured, by a little
finesse, a party that rode up by mistake. Here it was
that General Banks was injured, and General Pope near
capture, — General Pope refusing to believe General
Gordon's statement that the enemy were but a few
yards off.
Brown's house was the hospital for the brigade ;
while a mile and a half to the rear was another, — a
brick liouse near the Culpcper road. Over fifty of our
wounded were got off the field, principally by the untir-
ing efforts of 'the regimental band, which persisted
until two of its number, Rawson and Smeath, were
made prisoners. Our wounded were at Brown's ; includ-
ing Surgeon Leland, who, though wounded in the head,
could hardly be persuaded to leave their care to others.
Colonel Andrews could not bear to leave his
wounded without an officer ; and, as Surgeon Leland
was wounded, Assistant-Surgeon Stone in Maryland on
duty, and Assistant-Surgeon Heath sick with typhoid
fever, it was the privilege of the chaplain to remain.
Doctor Chappel, the efficient and faithful medical
director ; and Surgeon Bennett, of the Fifth Connecti-
cut, — than whom no timer man ever wore the green
sash, — remained also, with the comforting assurance
that the enemy would immediately occupy this impor-
tant height. But, though they pushed up on the central
plain past the house, and lay there, two hundred and
fifty yards off, they left the place untouched. Within
the house and without were hundreds of wounded.
CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 115
All night, in the moonlight, when the fleecy clouds
permitted it, and by candles otherwise, under the trees
were the men cared for; while, for hours, the musket-
barrels of the enemy's sentries glittered in the edge of
a wood. At eleven o'clock, — a flash, — a report, —
and a whizzing shell flew screaming into the woods just
north and east ; and another, — then over the hospital,
and then up the plain ; and our artillery replied as furi-
ously, their thunder continuous and unceasing, lightning-
flashing from the muzzles. Half an hour, and it had
ceased. Who had driven, the hospital did not know ;
but the enemy's muskets were still glittering. Early in
the night, a brigade filed quietly in between the hospital
and the enemy ; so quietly, that their very presence, not
thirty yards ofl", was not known at first. But hope
leaped in the breast ; for Massachusetts men were there,
— the Twelfth and the Thirteenth. Before morninff,
the enemy drew back.
A few ambulances were there. The chaplain had
learned of a circuitous path through the woods, to the
rear of the line, — the direct road being in the enemy's
possession. Doctor Chappel authorized an attempt to
remove the wounded. Patiently the work went on,
sometimes interrupted by rebel shell. At three o'clock
in the morning. General McDowell sent word that that
spot was untenable. Patience still ; and at six, the last
man was gone.
When the gray of morning came, — the wounded
not all sent ofl", — looking southward, near a mile off*,
were the rebels drawn up in a long line of battle, but
116 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
motionless. Even the gunners could be seen at their
guns. On the north, our brigades were moving into
position. It gave promise of a fierce day. But all
that Sunday they lay grimly watching each other, while
not a shot broke the stillness. Brown's house was left ;
and in it a beautiful boy of eighteen months, who, on
the day before, had slept through the heavy artillery-
thunder, while his mother always stood between her
child and the guns as though her body could shelter
him.
At nisfht came a rumor to the reo'iment that the
wounded men were still on the field, and that the rebel
pickets had fallen back to the wood which Crawford had
tried to pierce. A party was detailed by the colonel,
with consent of our general, to attempt their help.
Lieutenant Abbott commanded it, and Wisconsin men
were added, and the chaplain of the Second obtained
permission to accompany it. Three miles on, and half
a mile from the ground. General Sigel refused to allow
the risk of losing the party. It was midnight, and
nothing remained but to sleep at the picket line. At
early gray. Lieutenant Abbott tried again for permis-
sion. While he was seeking it, the chaplain of the
Second ventured to elude the pickets, and go on. (It
was, it is fair to say, his only breach of military disci-
pline in three years.) Crossing the run, finding a
wounded soldier who had crawled down there, and
getting confirmation of the facts ; passing up and
through the wood, it was his privilege to be the first to
comfort the wounded with the assurance of help. Men
(DAlPTTo [BnC[K]A[Fu[D) (CAlK^o
CEDAE MOUNTAIN. 117
wept with joy. " We thought you were never coming ! "
A rebel sentry was opposite ; and, at the waving of a
handkerchief, waved a cap, and nodded.
There were the dead, — one, whose clear, ringing
"fall in," the Saturday before, still sounded on the ear ;
one, who in reply to the question (as he left an ambu-
lance) " Are you strong enough to go ? " had answered
with a smile, "I cannot stay when my men go," and
had been almost carried by two of his men ; one, lying-
there with a miniature, who had said a little before, "If
any thing should happen to me, it would kill " ; and
near him, still alive to watch his commander. Sergeant
Williston, whose entreaties had saved the picture, —
alas ! himself to die soon ; one, with the crisp hair, of
which a single lock should go home, as the last of the
frank, brave, true man ; and many an one whose homes
mourned — that sad day for Massachusetts.
Truce was established ; and rebel and loyal rode
around the neutral ground. Ambulances came, and car-
ried away the wounded. Parties came to bury the dead.
There was Crane, lieutenant-colonel of the Third Wis-
consin, — the Second mourned him too, — and O'Brien
of the same, who lay there and died there. Rebel sol-
diers had sheltered some with blankets or boughs ; had
brought water, and sometimes biscuits and apples.
But the dead had been stripped of every thing valuable,
even to outer clothing.
It took till past mid-day to bury the dead. Not all
were laid there. Abbott and Gary and Goodwin
and Williams sleep with their kindred ; and Perkin:5,
118 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
at Alexandria. Savage, twice wounded, died at
Charlottesville. But when the trenches were dug,
and the Massachusetts dead were laid in them, green
boughs were placed over them lest the earth should
press too rudely ; and riot without Christian burial were
they left to sleep, " earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust
to dust." Around the two trenches were trees marked
with three deep cuts each, that, while the trees stand,
the place should be known. And there was carried
away a leaf — kept as a sacred relic — which had drop-
ped from the hand of a dying man, on which the first
glance had fallen on these words : —
" Seeing then that all these things shall be dissolved, what
manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and
godliness. Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the
day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dis-
solved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat. Never-
theless, we, according to his promise, look for new heavens
and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness."
pope's eetreat. 119
X.
POPE S RETREAT.
On the night after the battle of Cedar Mountain, the
Second was in the centre of the new line, within a few
hundred paces of the exultant but cautious enemy.
In the course of the following forenoon, the corps was
drawn back into the second line, on the plain ; still in
sight of *the mountain, and between the road and the
brick-liouse hospital. The wounded were still moving
from that house to Culpeper, where a hotel, churches,
and shops wei^e used as hospitals. At noon, the corps
"was so cut up and worn down with fatigue," that
General Pope " did not consider it capable of rendering
any efficient service for several days ; " and sent it
about a mile and a half to the left, and nearer Culpeper ;
where, in a wood, it lay a few days.
The main body of the enemy fell back, on the 10th,
towards the Rapidan. But this was not known ; and
they left a sufficient show of force to hold the battle
ground, take off their wounded, bury their dead, and
pile up the muskets, where they lay on Monday when
the truce was in force.
120 'second MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
A few days afterwards, General Pope pushed for-
ward ; but General Banks's Corps was on the 12th
sent back to Culpeper. There the Second remained
six days, with six line officers only (Lieutenant Brown
immediately asked to be relieved from duty at General
Banks's headquarters, and returned), with but one
field officer, and with a staff of adjutant, quartermas-
ter, and chaplain. At Culpeper, Charles J. Mills
(appointed second-lieutenant) joined for duty, and was
assigned to Company D ; wounded severely at Antie-
tam ; and subsequently killed in action. Dr. Robert
Ware came out, also, to render temporary service, — a
noble man, who, when surgeon of the Forty-fourth
Massachusetts, died at Washington, N.C., "a victim
to his fidelity to duty." Friends from Massachusetts
also came to the saddened camp.
During this interval. General Pope was operating
with his cavalry down towards the Rapidan, again
occupying the line from Raccoon Ford to the Blue
Ridge. But he soon learned by the re-enforcements
coming to Jackson, that the enemy, relieved from the
care of Richmond by the withdrawal of McClellan, was
sending its entire force against General Pope. Then
began the effort to delay the enemy, until the army from
the Peninsula, coming up the Potomac, could unite
with the Army of Virginia. On the 14th of August,
came General Reno, with eight thousand men of the
forces which had arrived at Falmouth under Burnside :
and Pope pushed forward his whole force (except Gen-
eral Banks's Corps) towards the Rapidan. But it soon
pope's RETPtEAT. 121
became evident that this advanced line could not be
maintained ; and, on the 18th, the whole army were
put in motion back to the Rappahannock, which was to
be held as long as possible, to embarrass and delay the
enemy. ^ The trains moved first, and the whole force
retired rapidly and handsomely. General Banks's
Corps, on the evening of the 18th, moved a mile north
of Culpeper, to have a fair start in the morning ;
while, at Culpeper, railway trains were loading, wagons
moving off, and sutlers in despair. On the 19th, by
Brandy Station, and across the Rappahannock, to be
stationed (the Second) a few rods south of the bridge.
The 12th and 13th Massachusetts, in General McDow-
ell's Corps, were near neighbors. It was a pleasant
sight, that evening, when ninety good-looking recruits
filed in, under Sergeant Stone, ^ and their roll was
called by the light of a candle. They were wanted.
The next morning, the enemy's cavalry drove in the
pickets on the other side, and everybody watched a
pretty cavalry skirmish on the opposite plain. Nothing
came of it. But, the next day, there commenced
movings up and down. All the trains had been sent to
the rear, and were safe. In the evening, the Second
moved down the river a mile, and bivouacked in a
shower. Waked by cannonade in the morning, and
moved up the river (suffering for water in that miserable
1 General Reno, to move by way of Stevensburg to either Kelley's or
Barnet's Ford; General Banks, and General McDowell, to Rappahannock
railway crossing; General Sigel, through Jefferson, to Sulphur Springs.
â– - Now professor in Kenyon College.
122 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
country) six miles to Beverly Ford, to relieve a regi-
ment of General Sigel's ; witnessed a lively fight about
sunset, in a brilliant thunder-storm ; and bivouacked in
the wet.
General Gordon had been ordered to hold that ford.
He posted Cothran's battery and the brigade, and
waited sleeplessly. In the gray of the wet morning,
he heard, with Colonel Ruger, a familiar sound : it was
the noise of battery wheels. Soon the shot waked
the men, and knocked over the regiment's rail fence.
Colonel Andrews moved it a little to the right ; and
General Gordon ordered the battery to open fire. The
fog lifted a little, and Cothran knocked the enemy's
guns to pieces; a second one shared the same fate,
wheels breaking, guns falling. The enemy brought on
a line of infantry, to get off their guns. Cothran's
canister broke them, too ; having, himself, no man
seriously hurt.
The men of the regiment made and drank coffee, in
the rain ; moved up the river ten miles to the sound of
artillery, and bivouacked in a wet hollow a little before
midnight, with "fires low." Next day, up by Sulphur
Springs, round shot and shell cut the limbs overhead.
The last two days, a diet of green corn, — hard bread,
fifty cents a piece, and rapidly rising, — and a little
meat scraped by a few men from bones left by another
corps. Sheep were discovered ; and, after a lively
skirmish, they surrendered. The next day, up to near
Waterloo Bridge, by orders to help Sigel, who was fight-
ing ; got there, and saw some fighting ; but Sigel "didn't
pope's retreat. 123
want" the corps, relying on his "jackass battei^ees,"
which were unfortunately lost. Back a mile or two, and
stayed until next day ; then easterly, to near Warren-
ton ; cannonade, and the sight, in the evening, of the
burning hotel at Sulphur Springs. Next day, to near
Bealeton Station, by way of Fayetteville ; the next,
to near Catlett's ; the next, the 28th, to Kettle Kun ;
and the next day was the first day of the second battle
of Manassas.
What all this moving was about, of course men in
a regiment could not know. Nor did people at home
know much ; for Pope had, at Rappahannock, prohib-
ited mails and despatches. The troops knew, however,
that the enemy, while keeping us awake at every ford,
was moving his forces steadily up the river. Their
columns could sometimes be seen. General Pope at
first held the river. Then he determined, ,on the 22d,
to mass his force at and near Rappahannock Station,
cross the river, and " fall on the flank and rear of the
long column of the enemy " moving up the river ; but
that night the rain swept off the bridges, and made
the fords impassable. Then, on the 23d, Sigel, sup-
ported by Banks and Reno, moved to attack a force
rumored to have crossed near Sulphur Springs ; the
small force encountered at Great Run, two miles below
Sulphur Springs, was driven across ; and General Mc-
Dowell was at Warrenton. On the night of the 22d,
a force of the enemy's cavalry had crossed at Water-
loo, passed through Warrenton, and destroyed some of
the wagons of General Pope's own headquarter train ;
124 SECOND jVIASSACHUSETTS infantey.
Sigel and Banks keeping on to Waterloo. The enemy
were still moving northward : Jackson passed through
Thoroughfare Gap, and was in the rear. Then Pope
determined to crush Jackson, and moved towards
Manassas : here a brisk enoaoement on the evenins;
of the 28th, between King's Division, McDowell's
Corps, and Jackson's advance, — in which each held
his ground. An attempt to hold Thoroughfare Gap,
to keep Jackson isolated ; but it was a failure. And,
on the 29th, the attack on Jackson, which ought to have
succeeded; but did not, — vvhy, is matter of history.
Then the battle of the 30th, when the enemy had
re-enforced Jackson ; and its result.
During these battles, the Second, as did General
Banks's Corps, lay idle, in hearing of the fire. Al-
though forming the extreme left, it was not brought
into action. Why, nobody could tell. But General
Banks's Corps was in the position necessary to guard
that flank. He was then ordered to protect the
trains from Warrenton Junction to Manassas, also.
" The very important duty devolved upon Major-
General Banks, the Major-General commanding the
Army of Virginia feels assured that he will dis-
charge with intelligence, courage, and fidelity." Of
course he would. Pie was to protect wagon- trains,
railway-trains, see to rebuilding bridges, get the sick
safely away from Warrenton, etc. ; and burn trains and
locomotives, if necessary. So, after hearing the sound
of the fighting on the 29th, the Second that evening
moved a mile, and bivouacked under the lee of a grave-
pope's eetreat. 125
yard. It was thought that the army was threatened in
that direction. On the 30th, moved four miles on,
toward the high ground on the north bank of the Broad
Run, and bivouacked in a rain-storm. Then, on the
31st, after orders to destroy baggage, and even ambu-
lances, — which were saved on condition they should not
delay the march a moment, — recrossed the run, saw
a long line of cars in flames, from which the men
saved a few things, where quantities of saddles,
stationery, clothing, and muskets, went to the flames,
orders allowing nothing to be taken, not even the mus-
kets of which our musketless recruits' needed one
apiece ; passed through Brentsville, forded the rapidly
rising Occoquan ; and at noon had safely reached Bull
Run, after a detour of twenty miles to accomplish
four direct, — without a halt, for the Second led. At
the end of the twenty miles, saw men leisurely coming
over the four miles, from which no enemy had been
visible.
But the army, shattered and pursued by a victorious
enemy, was not to remain at Centreville. The Second,
with its corps, moved on the next day to near Fairfax
Court-house, by the old Braddock Road. In the even-
ing, it was again under fire. The enemy were en-
deavoring to turn Hooker's right, near Chantilly.
The battle was fought in a severe thunder-storm. The
division, in which was the Second, were in line, to the
rear of Reno ; and the enemy's fire passed overhead.
The enemy was repulsed; but Kearney and Stevens
fell.
126 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
The brigade was afterwards ordered back to Fairfox,
to assist in bringing off stores. The order, not dated,
was undoubtedly intended for an earlier period. The
uselessness of the attempt was apparent : " the enemy
are there in force." But the order had to be obeyed.
Back some miles, "Where are you going?" said the
commander of the rear guard of the army. " To Fair-
fax." — "Look there!" There was the rebel army;
and, to reach Fairfax, the brigade would have to cut its
way for miles, as everybody knew before it started.
So, on the 2d, to near Alexandria ; and on the 3d, to
the shadow of Fort Albany. The daily movements from
Culpeper to the defences of Washington had become
history. General Banks's conduct had been " marked
by great coolness, intrepidity, and zeal." "To confront
with a small army," says General Pope, "vastly supe-
rior forces ; to fight battles without hope of victory,
but only to gain time, and to embarrass, and delay the
forward movement of the enemy, is of all duties
the most hazardous and the most difficult which can be
imposed upon any general and any army. ... It was
only by constant movement, by incessant watchfulness,
and hazardous skirmishes and battles, that the forces
under my command were not overwhelmed ; while, at
the same time, the enemy was embarrassed, and delayed
in his advance upon Washington, until the forces from
the peninsula were at length assembled for the defence
of the city."
This tells the whole story, as to the object of the
campaign. The Army of Virginia had, in securing
pope's retreat. 127
this object, met with a series of disasters. Who is
responsible for them belongs to general history. There
was no fault in the men of that army. Heroism has
never been displayed more brilliant than that of the
officers and men. Greater endurance, more patriotic
sacrifice, or a loftier patriotism, is not to be found. But
the commanding general-^ it is useless to ignore the
fact — never had the confidence of his men.
When, therefore, on the 2d of September, "Major
General McClellan will have command of the fortifica-
tions of Washington, and of all the troops for the
defence of the Capital," — a thrill of joy went through
the army. The dispirited troops became enthusiastic,
and their columns were again invincible. The Army
of Virginia had ceased to exist.
128 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
XI.
ANTIETAM.
On the 2cl of September, General McClellan took
command. The army was in front of Washington, on
the south side of the Potomac. On the 3d, the enemy-
had disappeared. The General was satisfied that the
rebels intended to cross the upper Potomac, into Mary-
land : and he ordered, that day, the Second and Twelfth
Corps (Banks's Corps under a new numbering, officially
announced on September 12th) to Tenallytown, above
Washington ; the Ninth Corps to Seventh Street road,
Washington ; and sent cavalry to the fords near Pools-
ville. General Banks, who had not recovered from his
injury received at Cedar Mountain, was left in command
at Washington.
So, on the 4th of September, the Second, passing
over the bridge at Georgetown, left Virginia for the
third time, and camped a mile or two above Tenally-
town. The next day moved to a brook a mile and a
half above Rockville. There the corps, Brigadier-Gene-
ral Williams in command, was attached to General
Sumner's force. Here the troops were in line of battle,
and were there four days. Sumner, commanding the
ANTIETAM. 129
Second and Twelfth Corps, formed the centre ; Burn-
side, with the First and Ninth, on our right ; and
Couch, the left, on the river.
It was necessary to move with caution. The enemy
was known to be in force in Maryland, but whether
it was for a movement on Baltimore Avas unknown.
"It may be the enemy's object," telegraphed General
Halleck, "to draw off the mass of our forces, and then
attempt to attack from the Virginia side of the Poto-
mac." — "Positive information . . . that the line is cut,
corroborates the idea that the enemy is recrossing the
Potomac," said the President. " Until you know more
certainly the enemy's force south of the Potomac,"
telegraphed General Halleck' on the 13th, "you are
wrong in thus uncovering the capital. I am of the
opinion that the enemy will send a small column
towards Pennsylvania to draw your forces in that
direction, then suddenly move on Washington with the
forces south of the Potomac, and those he may cross
over." Against this pressure, however, McClellan,
when satisfied that the enemy was in front, moved
forward. A few days had re-organized the army, and
partially renewed its supplies ; and confidence had been
established. On the 9th, the whole army moved, -^-
Burnside, on the right, to Brookville ; Sumner, in the
centre, to Damascus and Clarksburg ; Franklin, on
the left, to Barnesville and Poolsville. The troops
moved in great parallels, the Twelfth Corps being in
three such columns. The Second was at Middlebrook,
the night of the 9th ; near Damascus, the next ; still
9
130 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
nearer on the 11th ; half a mile from Ijams^•ille, on the
Baltimore and Ohio Railway, on the 12th; and on
the 13th, after fording onr old acquaintance, the Mono-
cacy, camped half a mile south of Fredericktown. On
that day, an order of Lee's, fully disclosing his plans,
fell into the hands of General McClellan. Hooker's
Corps was at Frederick, and Sumner's and Sykes's
Division. It had been thous^ht that it would be neces-
sary to force the line of the IMonocacy, but a portion of
Burnside's command had entered Frederick, after a
sharp skirmish, the day before ; and he was now at
Middletown, having carried the Catoctin range on the
other side of Frederick. The enemy, who had swarmed
in Frederick, held the Blue Ridge beyond, with his
army near Boonsborough, except the force which was
operating against Harper's Ferry. General McClellan
gave orders for a " rapid and vigorous forward move-
ment."
On the 14th, General McClellan ordered, "In the
event of an engagement with the enemy, no man will
be permitted to leave the ranks to take wounded to the
rear. Wounded men will be borne off the field by
hospital attendants and ambulance men only." This
made no change in the Second.
On Sunday, the 14th, on the road at 8, a.m. It was
a slow movement, getting through the well-known
streets of Frederick, while the sabbath bells were ring-
ing, and flags were gaily flying. Division after division
went through the town, with endless batteries, and
long trains. Beyond town, there were long halts in
ANTIETAM. 131
tiresome places. Columns abreast, in woods, or
through fields. Obstacles from trains. Up and across
the Catoctin, and down into the beautiful Middletovvn
valley, — as lovely a spot as war ever laid hands upon.
On by-roads and no roads ; halt before sunset on a
pleasant slope, and coffee just cooking, when orders
started all on again. Middletown was on our left. By
every point of the compass in turn, to find a way.
Through cornfields, in the dark, where one could not
touch the top of the stalks by standing in the stirrups.
Through brooks, and by and by, the rapid Catoctin ;
then over. Men were taking off shoes and stockings ;
but "Forward ! " said the colonel, and on the regiment
went. An hour on the damp bank, while, in the night
mist, hundreds of fires were blazing dull. Then, near
midnight, on again ; by a road to the left into a hollow ;
and, tired with sixteen hours on the road, dinnerless and
supperless, cross and cold, lay down to rest on the
slope of South Mountain, at the old Sharpsburg road ;
in position to support, if necessary, the centre and
left.
All day we had heard the sound of artillery, forward.
Sometimes it was the dull, heavy booming of a single
gun ; and again, the swelling* roar of batteries. Far
off to the southwest, in the afternoon, Franklin's guns
were at work to carry Crampton's Pass, which was
accomplished ; and which would have relieved Harper's
Ferry, but for its disgraceful surrender early the next
morning. Directly in front was the brilliant fight for
the possession of Turner's Gap. Through that Gap
132 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
ran the National Road : there was Gibbon. About a
mile north of it was the " old Hagerstown Road : " there
was Hooker. Half a mile south of the National Road
was the " old Sharpsburg Road :" there was Reno. On
the right and left was the firing we heard, joined at the
proper time by that in the centre. After sunset,
the flashes of the guns along the crests, with puffs of
smoke, were visible. It was ten o'clock at night before
the flashes ceased. They had been long silent Avhen
the Second bivouacked. The pass had been virtually
gained. But it was known that at 3, a.m., the Twelfth
Corps were to be under arms to finish the work.
But they were not wanted. It was broad sunlight
when the men awoke. Orderlies were passing up and
down. Burnside — the victorious, that daj — came by,
and received the spontaneous cheers of the troops.
The enemy had hurried off" from their last position, in
the night. A hurried visit up the road found their
dead, who, behind the stone wall, lay piled on each
other as they had fallen under the fire of the infantry
who had gallantly worked their way up the hill. It
was a victory ; but Reno was dead.
That morning General Mansfield arrived, and took
command of the Twelfth Corps. It was not without
regret that the Corps thus finally parted with General
Banks. It had been made a corps, it had won its
historic glory, under him. Faithful, sagacious, and
kind, — they wished him well. The white-haired,
brave, conscientious veteran who succeeded, had, alas !
but three days of further service, before he fell.
ANTIETAM. 133
The brigade had some changes. The new troops of
the raising of that summer had been distributed, and
to the brigade were assigned, at Rockville, the loth
New Jersey, and the lOTth New York. They were to
have a rough introduction, but they endured it well ;
and were to stand- bravely with the Second, and its
comrades of Wisconsin and Indiana, for more than two
years. General Gordon still commanded, and for
temporary service as aid came Charles R. Train, a
Massachusetts Congressman. He plunged at once into
the hardships of veterans, and bore well his trial of fire
at Antictam.
On the morning after South Mountain, moved on.
Passing northward through the fields, came upon the
National Eoad, and Avent through the Gap. On the
road, suddenly McClellan appeared. As the colunm
moved to the side of the road, caps flew in the air, and
shouts and cheers rolled up as from one man. They
believed in McClellan. Passing through Boonsborough,
and turninor to the left out of town, bivouacked a few
miles south. On Tuesday morning, orders to move.
"You are going immediately into battle," said Mans-
field. But he was mistaken. A mile and a half off,
halted under the crest of a hill. It was a beautiful
sight to see scores of thousands of men closely massed
in the broad fields. The sound of firing comes from
somewhere. "Don't you want to ride forward?" asks
the colonel after an hour or two of waiting. " Yes,
sir." Permission is had : over one crest and valley,
and up on a second; there are batteries. Now and
134 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
then an occasional shot, and returned ; just for amuse-
ment probably. Over at the edge of that wood, are
the rebel guns, — but no infantry visible. "Whiz ! " a
bullet : it comes from a sharpshooter behind that sol-
itary tree down in front ; and another, from another
tree. The colonel leisurely lifts his field-glass, and
takes a survey. At last, "Don't you want to look?'
Not at all ; rather fall back ; but afraid to say so, and
the Butternuts are inspected.
Movements were going on that day, but who knew
what for? Certainly not men in a regiment. Trains
were hurrying along. Ammunition was distributed.
Troops were slowly moved hither and thither. At
night the Second went to sleep. But about ten o'clock,
P.M., came low, quiet orders to make ready to move
instantly. Not ten minutes afterwards, General Mans-
field came along. " When will you be ready ? " said he.
"Ready now, sir." "You are ! Well, I like that : but
you are the only brigade ready." " Fall in." The
regiment soon reached a macadamized road, or what
seemed like it ; went through a village guessed to be
Keedysville, and across the Antietam ; got a little wet
in the rain ; turned into somebody's field, and lay
down in the darkness, on the border of the bloody
ground which was the next day to be immortalized as
Antietam.
It was just gray dawn, and misty, when the rattling
fire of skirmishers broke the last slumbers of thousands.
Then came the dull sound of a heavy gun. Then a
roar of artillery. Hooker was at work, just in front.
ANTIETAM. 135
How he kept at work, drove Jackson from his first line
and dealt heavy blows at his second, crossed the pike
road and came near the church, belongs to general
history.
When the Second was roused from its slumbers by
the opening fire, it found itself in the midst of the
regiments of the right wing. A few yards off was a
dwelling house, Hoffinan's. An hour passed, possibly,
— who could estimate time then ? — while Hooker's
battle was fiercely raging. Then came an order to
move. General Gordon's Brigade, formed in columns
of battalions closed in mass, moved over the low
ground, bearing a little towards the right. Partly up
the slope, it was halted In somebody's cornfield, — not
the cornfield of the battle, — and the men soon began to
build fires and make coffee. The coffee was not ready
when orders came to move on. Hooker was near the
church, but was severely met, "Tell Mansfield to send
up a division." Williams's Division was put in motion,
^Crawford's Brigade, the right; Gordon's, the left.
Greene's Division also advanced, on the left of Wil-
liams's. Up the slope, over high ground and across
lower ground to a thin belt of woods. Here, hit by
a random bullet, Mansfield fell ; and Williams led the
corps. An aide came with directions to move with all
possible despatch. The sound of the musketry was
steadily approaching. The cheers 'of the exultant
enemy were heard. General Gordon moved three
regiments, — the Second, the 3d Wisconsin, and the
27th Indiana, — by the flank, at double-quick, gradually
136 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
gaining deployment distance. The loth Xew Jersey,
Colonel Carman, was in reserve ; and the 107th New
York, Colonel Van Valkenbiirg, was in reserve in a
piece of woods at the left, detached from the line.
The three regiments were put in line. Their position
was about east from Miller's house. To the left and front
was a piece of woods, before reaching the pike road ; and
a cornfield, — the cornfield. Nearly in front of that was
the Twenty-seventh Indiana ; on their right, the Thii'd
Wisconsin ; then, a battery ; and then, the Second.
To the right and front of the battery, was the orchard :
a fence surrounding it ran directly forward from a point
just to the right of the battery, and about thirty yards
onward turned, almost at a right angle, to the right
ao;ain. FolloAvino; the line of that fence, and in the edo'e
of the orchard, was the Second ; its line turning, so that
its left was at rioht ami'les with the briirade line, its riirht
facing the pike.
The battery opened furiously. The musketry was
instantly at work, and the savage fire of the brigade
checked the foe. The tide was stayed. But the
enemy as yet held their ground. The Second was
hardly injured, but the brave men of Wisconsin and
Indiana were suflfering severely. Colonel Ruger, of the
Third Wisconsin, sent for relief to Colonel Andrews.
At a glance that officer saw the remedy. Moving some
cf his companies from the right to the left, and chang-
ing front slightly, so that the regimental line was
nearly at right angles to the line of the brigade,
Colonel Andrews ordered fire upon the enemy opposite
ANTIETAM. 137
the Third Wisconsin. Under this cross fire, the enemy,
terribly shattered, broke. ^ With cheers the whole line
followed, dashing after the fleeing rebels through the
cornfield, and over the wounded and dead there, —
the Second capturing the flag of the 11th Mississippi,
which w^as seized by Sergeant TVHieat, of Co. E, —
into the open ground ; and the Dunker church w\as in
sight, over to the left. Then the rebels had disap-
peared in the woods beyond the pike road, and the line
halted.
Soon Sumner's Corps came on. The men of the
Second lay do\'sm, while Sumner's men passed over
them. That corps dashed on with cheers.^ General
Sumner ordered General Gordon to support him. The
brigade being divided, — while the 3d Wisconsin and
27th Indiana, both of which had suffered severely, lay
behind a slight ridge, and the 107th New York was some
distance yet to the left, — the Second and the 13th New
Jersey (on its left) moved up to the road, crossed the
first fence, and formed behind the second one. Cap-
tain Morse, with company B, crossed the second fence.
This was but a few rods above the church, at the open
ground. Sumner's corps was not visible. When
soldiers appeared in the woods opposite, there was
doubt who they were. " Show your colors ! " said
Colonel Andrews to the color-bearer. Color-Sero^eant
1 " The brunt of the battle," says Esten Cooke of the movement of
which this was a part, " was evidently here." The rebel troops engaged
were E well's.
1 "Jackson would have been forced in a short time to retire, when his
own re-enforcements reached the field." — Esten Cooke.
138 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Luncly waved his flag. It was greeted by a shower of
bullets. Fire was then opened and continued. But, as
the smoke lifted, the small force found itself alone.
On the left, no troops were visible : on the right, the
left of the next corps had given way. The enemy were
sheltered in woods and behind rocks, and were in great
force. They comprised Semmes's, Anderson's, and the
Stonewall Brigades, and portions of the divisions of
Barksdale and McLaws. The flagstaff was broken,
the flag riddled, the socket shot away from the color-
bearer's belt. The brave D wight was mortally wounded.
A fourth of the men had soon fallen, and they were
rapidly dropping. Suflering much more than the
enemy could, and unsupported, the order was given,
and the regiment fell back to the woods beliind, thus
uncovering the batteries. Cothran's and Woodruff's
guns opened beautifully, and the advancing line of the
enemy hastily took shelter again. The One Hundred
and Seventh New York was supporting Cothran's
Battery. " This fine regiment, but just organized and
brought into the field, in this battle for the first time
under fire, moved with steadiness to its perilous position,
and maintained its ground until recalled, though exposed
to front fire from the enemy, and a fire over its head
from batteries in the rear." ^ The Thirteenth New Jer-
sey, also a new regiment, Avas sent to General Greene,
— who was gallantly holding a position to the left, —
and received from him high commendation.
1 General Gordon's Report.
llBJ
ANTIETAM. 139
The main work of the Second, for the day, was
done. It was moved a little distance down the slope
by and by ; and, while listening to Burnside's battle on
the extreme left, kindled fires, and took its food.
General Crawford having been wounded. General
Gordon commanded the division; and Colonel Euger,
the brigade. Late in the afternoon, the brigade was in
line of battle in support of General Newton's Brigade
of General Franklin's Corps. In the evening, the
brigade was moved to the support of a battery some-
where, and there it passed the night. ^
During this day. Surgeon Leland had been skilfully
and steadily at work at one of the hospitals. Assistant-
Surgeon Stone, near the regiment, had nobly won his
subsequent promotion. The attendants had carried
back the wounded tenderly.
The line had been sadly shortened. Not so great
losses in numbers as at fatal Cedar Mountain. But
Dvvight was mortally wounded, — the brilliant, brave,
generous, kind-hearted. " Mind, I don't flinch a hair ! "
1 " I owe especial thanks," says General Gordon, " to the Hon. Charles
R. Train [M. C], who volunteered his services on my staff at a time when
fatiguing labor and most arduous service had deprived me of all my aides
save one officer. This gentleman has also shown his willingness to lay
down his life in his country's cause. The invasion of the loyal North called
him from his congressional duties and his home, at a moment's notice. No
fatigues, though excessive, no danger, though most perilous, detained him
from moving forward whenever he could render assistance." " To Captain
Charles Wheaton, jun., my aide, I am again indebted." Of the Second, the
3d Wisconsin, and the 27th Indiana, he said, " Veterans of Winchester and
Cedar Mountain, they can add to their laurels the battle of Antietam
Creek." "The 107th New York and the 13th New Jersey. . . . fought like
veterans."
140 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
said he, while lying on a stretcher ; sending the sur-
geon to relieve the wounded lying around, or telling
his attendants to give water to the thirsty men ; calling
the drum corps to play " The Star-spangled Banner "
once more, next day ; and asking to have the F-lag waved
again before his dying eyes, — dying in Christian peace,
and to sleep with his kindred. Dillon, of B ; Bennett,
of C ; Balcom and Isaac Childs, of D ; Richardson,
Wynn, and Treen, of E ; First Sergeant Martin, of
F ; Brown (Thomas), Donnovan, and Remick, of H, —
were dead. Dustin, of A ; Cady, of B ; Cheney and
Whyte, of D ; and Remick, of G, — were mortally
wounded. Fifty more Avere wounded.^
Besides Dwight, three officers only were wounded, —
Captain Francis, First Lieutenant Crowninshield, and
First Lieutenant Mills ; the latter very severely,
while acting adjutant. Of the less than three hundred
in action, twenty-five per cent were killed or wounded.
1 The losses of the brigade were as follows : —
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
2(1 Massachusetts , .... 15 50 -
3d Wisconsin 27 173
27th Indiana \ ... 18 192
107th New York 7 51 5
13th New Jersey 7 75 21
The losses of the corps were, according to General McClellan's Report,
as follows: —
OPPICERS. ENLISTED MEN.
Killed. Wounded. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Aggregate.
1st Division, Williams's . 9 35 151 827 54 1076
2d Division, Green's . . 6 26 107 481 30 650
Artillery - - 1 15 1 17
Total 15 61 259 1323 85 1743
General McClellan gives the force of the corps at 10,126,
ANTIETAM. 141
But when " Carleton " ^ came along the next morning,
and asked, " How are yom- men, colonel?" — "All right.
They had a pretty hard time yesterday, but they feel
well. We expect to advance in a few moments."
On the morning of the 18th, the position of the
whole division was slightly changed, farther to the right,
supporting General Franklin. The morning sun looked
down brightly on the dying and the dead. Would it
witness a renewal of the fight? The struggle of the
day before had been the wrestling of two mighty ath-
letes, in which neither had actually overthrown the
other. But the fruits of the battle were undoubtedly
with McClellan. He had taken the army when it was
disgusted and dispirited ; organized it ; supplied it ;
and by the magic of his presence made it invincible.
He had attacked the enemy in his own position, and,
with many of his regiments just hurried to the field,
had stopped Lee's triumphant progress. The invasion
of the North was finished, and Lee's "Maryland cam-
paign was a failure."^ Whether McClellan should risk
losing all he had gained, in the hope of destroying tlie
rebel army, was a question that day. It probably
always will be a question. But the Second Massachu-
2 I acknowledge mj'self greatlj' indebted to Mr. Coffin's account of the
battle of Antietam, for his thorough survey of the ground and study of
the contest has enabled me to find the relative position of the Second
towards other troops and movements. Indeed, so far as his letters covered
ground familiar to me, I know of no correspondent or army historiau
superior, if equal, to this writer, in comprehensiveness, general accuracy,
faithfulness, or vividness.
2 Pollard (II. p. 141), who occasionally tells the truth.
142 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
setts had nothing to do but obey orders ; and the orders
to advance never came.
But during that day, expected re-enforcements
arrived. Some of the more than six thousand men of
Hooker, who should re-appear a few days afterwards,
had begun to return to the six thousand who had
remained in the line of duty ; and in other corps a
similar result was beginning. Batteries which were
totally out of ammunition were replenished. And, in
the evening, orders were given to renew the attack at
daylight.
But when the morning came, the enemy had recrossed
the river.
The army moved to the neighborhood of Harper's
Ferry. What operations immediately followed the
battle, belono: to other histories.
THE WINTER. 143
XII.
THE WINTER.
The Second, two days after the battle, went to Browns-
ville ; and on the 20th, to Maryland Heights ; on the
21st, to Pleasant Valley ; and on the 22d, back to Mary-
land Heights, where it camped near its old ground of
the preceding August, in Unsell's field. The place did
not look natural. The land had been stripped of its
trees ; and the old paths to the spring, and down to
the river, were bald and shelterless. Colonel Andrews
was sent over the river into Loudon Valley, to command
a brigade.
What the waiting* of the army was for, who can
decide? General McClellan said it was for supplies.
People at Washington said he had them. However it
was, five weeks after the battle, our wagons were still
going down to Sandy Hook Station for the clothing
which did not come.
On the 25th of September, Colonel Ruger, of the
Third Wisconsin, was in command of the brigade. On
the 6th of October, officers from the divisions were
detailed to the new Ambulance Department ; and on the
16th, its reo-imental ambulances were turned in. On
144 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY.
the 15th, INlajor- General Heniy W. Slocum was
assigned to the command of the Twelfth Corps. It Is
needless to say that this gallant soldier obtained and
kept the hearty respect and confidence of the Second.^
The army passed into Virginia, to correspond with
Lee's movements. But a division or. more had to
remain to guard the upper Potomac, and in the one
chosen was the Second. So, on the 29th of October,
it marched up the river to Antietam Iron Works, and
on the oOth, to Blackburn's Ford (that by whicli Lee
had retreated), near Sharpsburg ; to remain, it proved,
five or six weeks. The ford was diligently watched,
and some defences thrown up, overlooking it. General
J Henry Wadsworth Slocum was born in Delphi, Onondaga, N.Y., Sept.
24, 1827; sou of Matthew B. and Mary (Ostrander) Slocnm. His father
•was a native of Rhode Ishmd; his mother, of Albany, N.Y. He entered
the Militai-y Academy at West Point, in June, 1848, and graduated in 1852,
seventh in the standing of his class. He was commissioned, Jul}' 1, 1852,
brevet second lieutenant, and attached to the First Regiment of Artillery;
became second lieutenant, in 1853, and first lieutenant, in March, 1855.
On the 31st of October, 1856, he resigned his commission, settled at Syra-
cuse, and engaged in the practice of law. On the breaking out of the war,
he applied for a commission as captain of artillery in the regular service,
but, failing to receive the appointment, accepted the colonelcy of the Twenty-
seventh New-York Volunteers; was in the battle of Bull Run; and was
appointed brigadier-general of Volunteers, Aug. 9, 1861. Was in com-
mand of a division on the Peninsula, and was promoted to be a major-general
from the 4th of July, 1862 ; was in the battles of South Mountain and
Antietam, after which lie was placed in command of the Twelfth Corps.
He commanded this corps at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and in Ten-
nessee. When, in the fall of 1863, the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were
consolidated as the Twentieth, under Hooker, General Slocum was ordered
to Vicksburg. When General Hooker, disliking the promotion of Howard,
quitted the army of the Cumberland, General Slocum was placed in com-
mand of the Twentieth Corps. In the great march to Savannah, he led the
left wing. He left the army after the close of the war. A modest, skilful,
brave general ; and a courteous gentleman.
THE WINTER. 145
Morel] commanded the division ; and General Gordon's
bri'Tade had a long stretch of river to guard.
It took a third of the regiment regularly for picket
duty. But the men made themselves as comfortable as
they could, and "built a city." The usual quiet was
broken only two or three times. Once was when Gen-
eral Slocum, commanding at Harper's Ferry, sent
information, Nov. 14, that —
" All the reports brought to these headquarters go to prove
that Jackson returned to Winchester last Monday ; that he
has a large force with him ; that a portion of A. P. Hill's
command also returned to a point between Winchester and
Berryville on Tuesday. If these reports are true, the enemy
probably contemplate another raid into Maryland at some
point above your position, or an attack on your position.
" If an attack is made here in strong force, I shall endeavor
to concentrate my command on Maryland Heights .... I am
aware that you [General Gordon] are not under my command,
and, of course, [I] have no authority to give any directions to
you. I deem it important, however," &c.
Nothino- came of this. But a little expedition
enlivened the quiet. The guerilla, Burke, had com-
mitted a few murders, just to keep his hand in. His last
exploit was to have some women, purporting to be
refuo-ees, come to the river's bank, and entice over a
citizen, apparently to bring them across. The citizen
went over, and Captain Burke killed him. On a
night in November, Captain Cogswell, then command-
ing the Second, crossed cautiously with sixty men, and
by a circuitous march entered Shepardstown just after
midnight. The houses where Burke was accustomed to
10
146 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
visit were found by the help of a guide, and were
surrounded. In one of them were Burke and five of his
ofanof. The villain was dressed and armed, and the
horses stood saddled, for a plundering expedition. As
the men were preparing to enter, an inmate sprang from
a door, and attempted to escape. Captain Cogswell
twice ordered him to stop, and then told a couple men
to fire. A ball entered the rebel's heart. It proved to
be Burke. The other five were captured, and horses,
arms, and important papers, brought away. The next
day. Captain Cogswell went over again with the same
men and some cavalry, occupied the town, arrested
some traitors they were after, paroled officers and
men in hospital, captured some arms, and came back
leisurely.
On the 27th of November Avas Thanksgiving Day.
There was public worship, of course. There were
quoits and ball, and some "tried the speed" of horses.
There were turkeys, geese, chickens, and plum-pud-
dings, all through the camp. Absent officers returned
home to dine. Some ladies, part of whom came from
Chambersburg, thirty -five miles off, brought gifts for
the hospital ; home-made bread, butter, jellies, fruits,
pillows, and the like. "They have their reward." But
that night a sick man died. "I wanted to go home
before I died," said he, " but I hope I am going to a
better home."
While at this place, Colonel Andrews left the regi-
ment. Appointed brigadier-general, Nov. 9, 1862, he
accompanied General Banks to New Orleans. The
THE WINTER. 147
loss to the regiment was severe ; but it could not com-
plain. He had been wonderfully efficient in the origi-
nal training of the regiment ; had led it in the valley
after Jackson, in Banks's retreat, at Cedar Mountain,
in Pope's retreat, and at Antietam, — skilfully and
bravely. To the last day of its service, the Second
showed the impression of the indomitable will, and rigid
sense of duty, of Colonel Andrews. Captain Cogswell
remained in command, as Samuel M. Quincy, who
was commissioned colonel (he was a captain when he
parted from the regiment at Cedar Mountain), was
a prisoner, and, for quite a period, disabled by the
wounds received on that melancholy day. Here Sur-
geon Leland resigned, on account of ill health, and
Assistant Surgeon Stone received his well-merited pro-
motion.
The loss of officers at Cedar Mountain had made
necessary the appointment of several lieutenants. The
continual movements of the regiment, and some delay
in the forwarding of commissions, prevented the actual
filling of most of the vacancies until October. The
promotions to second lieutenants, to date the day fol-
lowing Cedar Mountain, were these : John F. George,
the (gallant color-bearer at Cedar Mountain ; Nathan
D. A. Sawyer, who had a ball through the body at
Winchester, and was again to be badly wounded in
Georgia; George L. Binney, the quartermaster ser-
geant, long an efficient officer on General Euger's Staff;
and James K. Stone, sergeant in C, afterwards dis-
abled in the line of duty. Second Lieutenant Gerald
148 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Fitzgerald, from the Twelfth Massachusetts, where he
was sergeant-major, — an accomplished soldier and
brave man, — had joined near Alexandria in Pope's
retreat : he was to be buried on the battlefield of
Chancellorsville. Messrs. Binney and Stone were not
assigned to companies until November, near Sharps-
burg. The others had been assigned in October. At
Sharpsburg, joined George A. Thayer, appointed from
civil life ; who was faithfully identified with the history
of the regiment from that time till its return, or the
end of the war.
The deaths of Lieutenant-Colonels Dwight and Sav-
age made vacancies. In October, Commissary-Sergeant
Erastus B. Carll, an experienced soldier who had served
from 1850 to 1855 in the regular army ; and Theodore
K. Parker, first sergeant of D, by and by to be
wounded, — were promoted second lieutenants. The
resignation of Captain Choate (rendered necessary by
disease contracted in the faithful discharge of duty,
disease against which he long struggled, and which
caused his death in 1866) made a vacancy, for
which Henry N. Comey, sergeant in G, was promoted
second lieutenant, — afterwards to be wounded ; and,
on the appointment of Colonel Andrews as brigadier-
general, Denis Mehan, the brave first sergeant of C,
was promoted second lieutenant, — by and by to be
wounded.
The months spent near Sharpsville were useful. The
discipline of the Second was sustained : it could hardly
be improved. The whole of the brigade was put in a
â– ^-
THE WINTER. 149
state of great efficiency, for which General Gordon
labored with the same energy and skill which had
marked his care of the Second. The new regiments,
particularly, were instructed and drilled in a manner to
fit them to become the veterans for which time only was
the additional necessity.
Suddenly there came orders to move. The next
day (Dec. 12), the regiment left its huts and cabins.
They were good ; but the owners, being about to leave
town, had no further use for them. There was a march
of eight days on hand. Ordered to be at Antietam
Iron Works, at 9, A.M. ; were there at 8.50. At 9.15,
a message, that noon would be early enough, because
other regiments had miles to come. (General Gordon
was not in command: his health had failed.) Waited
in the cold until half-past one, studying pig-iron, and
snowballing. Bivouacked at night, piling cornstalks on
the snow, and topping off with pine-branches. On ice
next day. Crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry ;
and the Shenandoah. Went round the north face of
Loudon Heights ; up the hill on the eastern side, and
waited five or six hours. "Your men are taking my
fences," complained an excited owner. " Yes." — " Isn't
it hard for me to lose my fences ?" — "Yes ; but it would
be a good deal harder for my men to be cold," said om'
sensible commander. Moved on by jerks ; followed a
regiment — that had got tired of waiting — through mud,
ice, and half-frozen brooks ; and bivouacked. Thought
the country -was in a very bad way, — until after
supper. Dec. 14, reveiUe at 3, a.m. ; waited till half-
150 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
past one, p.m. ; then orders to fall in ; in five minutes,
orders to " fall " out ; in five minutes more, orders to
fall in. Went through the pretty stone village of
Hillsborough, located in a cleft of the " Short Hills."
Waited two hours for some cavalry to trot off after a
wagon captured by guerillas, who also captured two
foragers from the Second ; and bivouacked near Lees-
bury, on the western slope of the Catoctin. Next day,
reveille at 4, a.m., and, in intense astonishment, actu-
ally started at half-past six. Went through Leesburg ;
and a little beyond Gum Spring discovered straw,
and slept luxuriously, guerillas being driven oflT in
the rear. Next day, ordered to start at 5, a.m., and
actually discovered the regiment to lead did start.
Entered Fairfax in the afternoon, and learned of the
repulse at Fredericksburg. AVent to Fairfax Station,
over a corduroy road, and bivouacked in a pine wood,
where fallen and tangled trees put to flight any ap-
proach to a regimental line ; having had rations, issued.
Flour had been given out for the march ! The next
day (17th), reveille at 5, a.m. ; rear regiment guarding
supply train ; roads the worst possible ; forded the
Occoquan, climbed the hill still crowned with last win-
ters rebel earth-works, and bivouacked; rain, cold
and drenching, towards morning. INIoved on : roads
worse than possible, — a sea of floating mud ; made
three miles in five hours, and wagons the same xlistance
in ten hours; at noon, settled down in a thick, warm
pine- wood. The next morning, turned northward
again, because rebel cavalry were threatening Fairfax
THE "WINTER. 1-3 1
i
{'
tation. The wliole division went back, in a snow-
|uall ; wishing that the folks at home who wanted a a
inter campaign woukl come and try it. Halted near |
le station, and had word, "Put your regiment into
le wood, stack arms, and wait for orders." It was
3ne, and we waited nine days, shelterless in the bitter
)ld ; part of the reserve Grand Division under Sigel.
News came that the enemy had taken Dumfries,
wee regiments, and two pieces of artillery. So,
ready to move at any moment, in light marching-
xler," which we took as a hint — after former expe-
ences — to go to bed. But, next morning, on to
rdf-Run Shoals ; then orderlies came. News true as
> Dumfries, except that the enemy had not taken the
ace nor any regiment nor any artillery. But " they
id occupied Fairfax Station, captured our camp and
iggage, and paroled the guards." By and by, "the
lemy were attacking, but our guard was fighting
•avely." Then, "the enemy were going to attack,
k1, if they did, our men would have to fight." Then,
the enemy were not near the station at all." They
ent to Burke's Station, and telegraphed to AVashing-
n for "a better lot of mules." Bivouacked, — the
ater, solid ice in canteens in the morning ; and
arched back to the- camp.
General Slocum took command of the corps to
Inch, as already noticed, he had been assigned; a
)od general, — a brave, judicious, and al)le soldier.
Nothing happened here except the building of a
;autiful log-camp, twelve houses to a company : one
152 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
tiling- besides, — the quartermaster imitated the sounds
of a locomotive so nicely that his horse ran away with
him. Lieutenant-Colonel Cogswell was sick, and Major
Mudjxe was in command.
On the 19th of January, 1863, the regiment left its
elegant camp, — receiving afterwards a very polite note
from the officers of the regiment which inherited It.
General Hooker had been appointed in place of General
Burnside, assuming command Jan. 26, 1863, and the
whole force moved towards the Rappahannock. A
horrible march of five days, of which "Dumfries" is
enough to freshen recollection, brought the Second to
Stafford Court-house, a flourishing town of two dwel-
lings, a court-house, and a jail. Here the regiment
remained from Jan. 23 to April 27.
Here Colonel Quincy returned (iNIarch 6), though
not fully recovered. Drill, and officers' recitations,
went on. Men returned, including many of the
" Smoketown Brigade." Health Improved. Fresh
bread and vegetables eventually came. General Hooker
put life into the army. Inspections were frequent, and
reviews occasional, — one of which was before the
President.
A special examination found only eleven regiments in
the army worthy of high commendation. Of the eleven,
three were the First, Second, and Twentieth INIassa-
chusetts. Lieutenants Browning and Miller had been
discharged in December, never* having recovered from
the severe wounds received at Cedar Mountain, and
both went into the Livalid Corps (since known as the
THE WINTER. 153
Veteran Reserve Corps). Captain Russell left in Jan-
uary, to become colonel of the Fifth jNIassachusetts
Cavalry. Lieutenant Stone was disabled by disease,
and resigned in January. Adjutant Shelton, who had
gone with General Andrews in November, Avas ap-
pointed commissaiy of subsistence, in February. Lieu-
tenant jNIills was discharged in March, nevcv having
fully recovered from his wounds of Antietam. Captain
Bangs was forced by malarious disease to resign in
^Nlarch. Captain Shaw left in April, to command the
Fifty-fourth jNIassachusetts ; and to sleep at Wagner.
Surgeon Stone was transferred to the Fifty-fourth Mas-
sachusetts, with Shaw. So the list was passing away ;
and with it the roll of enlisted men.
Assistant-Surgeon Heath received his merited promo-
tion, — to be surgeon, until he should die in front of
Atlanta. James Wightman came from Massachusetts,
as assistant-surgeon, a faithful man, — to work himself
to death in a few weeks. To the second lieutenancies
were appointed William E. Perkins, a sergeant in the
Forty-fourth Massachusetts, afterwards wounded at
Chancellorsville ; George J. Thompson, a first sergeant
in the Twenty-fourth JNIassachusetts to be Avounded by
and by ; Henry Van Dyke Stone, sergeant in C, who
was to fall at Gettysburg ; James W. Cook, first
sergeant of A, wounded at Cedar Mountain ; Francis
H. Lundy, color-sergeant, an old Crimean soldier,
who had gallantly borhe the colors at? Antietam ;
Charles W. Thomas, sergeant in G ; and Albert W.
Mann, sergeant-major. There were to be no more
154 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
appointed second lieutenants (save the complimentary
promotions in 1865) ; the ranks were to be too thin to
allow it, from Chancellors ville, which was close at hand.
General Gordon, too poor in health to remain, was
transferred to other parts of the service. Partially
recovering his health, he afterwards served at Folly
Island, at Norfolk, and elsewhere ; and was breveted
major-general. He served until the close of the war.
Yet, in higher command (once of a department),
doubtless he felt that he had done no better work than
was seen in the Second Massachusetts, and in the men
it sent from its ranks and its roll of officers to com-
mands elsewhere. If he had done nothing else, his
record is in what the Second was, and what it did.
Brigadier-General Ruger^ was assigned to the brigade.
As commander of the noble Third Wisconsin, he was
well known ; and hence the necessary change still left
a General respected and beloved.
The Sanitary Commission was a splendid thing. The
Christian Commission was gettino; into good working-
1 Thomas Howard Ruger, born in Lyman, N.Y., 2cl April, 1833, son of
Rev. Thomas J. Ruger; graduated at West Point in 1854, third in his class;
brevet second lieutenant, Engineers, July, 1854 ; was employed as assistant to
Beauregard on the fortifications of Forts Jackson and Philip, near New
Orleans; resigned in AprO, 1855; studied law, in "Wisconsin ; admitted to
practice in 1857, and settled in Janesville. Commissioned lieutenant-colonel
of the Third Wisconsin (Colonel C S. Hamilton), 27th April, 1861; colonel,
10th August, 1861. Appointed brigadier-general, 29th November, 1862; was
in command of Third Brigade, First Division, Twelfth Army Corps, and
finally assigned as above. Was in battles of Banks's retreat, Cedar Moun-
tain, Antietam, — leading the noble Third "Wisconsin; and, after promotion,
at Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Resaca, and through Sherman's Georgia
and North Carolina campaigns. Brevetted major-general, and still ia service.
The Second knew and respected General Ruger.
THE WINTER. 1^^
order. It rained and it snowed ; and the mud deep-
ened and dried. And so, with Captain Morse, provost-
marshal of the corps, with companies^ B, E, and G
at corps headquarters, and the other seven busy
with drill, inspections, and guard,- the winter passed
away.
15G SECOND MASSACH,USETTS INFANTRY.
XIII.
CHANCELLOESVILLE .
Stafford Court-house, so long the abode of the Sec-
ond, was about eight miles from Acquia Creek Landing,
and the same from Falmouth. Hooker's long and
admirable preparations ended ; and on the 27th of
April, 1863, the Twelfth Corps quitted that spot for
ever. Never was an army better organized, better
equip2)ed, or in better spirits.
Keveille sounded at 3, a.m. The morning proved
beautiful. Soon after sunrise, the brigade formed on
the parade ground in column of battalions, and had
excellent music. Then, on the road. Each man
carried eight days' rations, and sixty cartridges. The
Eleventh Corps, General Howard, followed the TAvelfth ;
and, later in the day, the Fifth Corps. The three corps
were under the command of our own General Slocum :
his work was to cross the rivers, establish his forces at
Chancellors ville, and thus draw the enemy out of their
works at Fredericksburg. With this day's march, the
Chancellors ville campaign was begun.
A mile from Hartwood Church, the regiment halted
at half past three, p.m., and there it bivouacked.
CHANCELLORSVILLE. 157
The next morning, the men were silently waked, in
accordance with orders that no drums be beaten and no
bugles sounded. The Eleventh led, and moved towards
Kelley's Ford, on the Rappahannock, (about twenty
miles above Falmouth), which it crossed on pontoons
that night ; the cavalry capturing some rebel pickets.
The Second, the rear of the First Division, Twelfth
Corps, bivouacked two miles north of the ford.
On Wednesday morning (the 29th), the 12th Corps
crossed the river, followed by cavalry and the 5th
Corps. The 12th passed the 11th, the Second Massa-
chusetts in advance, flanked by the 27th Indiana and 3d
Wisconsin, on the right and left as skirmishers : the
Second and the 27th Indiana by and by changed places.
Through woods and underbrush they pressed on until
close to Germanna Ford on the liapidan, about twelve
miles south of Kelley's Ford. The rebels were build-
ing a bridge, and had a small force on the other side,
with light breastworks. The Third AVisconsin moved
straight to the ford, while the Second came out on
high ground, and wheeled to the left. This brought a
cross fire on the rebels, which killed a few, and forced
the whole into their shelter, from which white flags soon
fluttered ; and a hundred and three men surrendered,
wlio were required to cross. The men then forded.
The water was very high and swift, being above the
waist, and three men of the corps were drowned. The
pioneers of our division built a bridge for the remainder
of the forces ; and ours bivouacked a mile and a half
south of the Rapidan. The Fifth Corps crossed the
158 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Rapiclan at Ely's Ford, down the river. The three
corps numbered thirty-six thousand effective men, — out
of forty-four thousand six hundred and sixty-one
reported for duty, April 30, which included artillery and
the detachments with trains.
On Thursday (the 30th), a wet day, the Second
Division, General Geary, led : the Second Massachusetts
was the rear of the corps. The Twelfth and Eleventh
Corps moved towards Fredericksburg, meeting little
opposition ; ^ the Fifth Corps was near the river. The
Twelfth Corps soon struck the plank road, and an
easterly march of twelve miles brought it to near Chan-
cellorsville.
Chancellorsville was a town of one house. Going
westward from Fredericksburg on the old turnpike, five
miles from the town, a plank road diverges to the left.
Both roads, the turnpike and the plank road, lead to
Chancellorsville, five or six miles off; the former
straight, the latter winding to avoid hills. The house
of "V. Chancellor " stood in an intersection of these
roads : it was a large brick house, once used as a tavern,
and a family was within it, until driven out by its taking
1 " The Federal columns. . . had meanwhile pressed on to Germanna
and Ely's Fords, where they succeeded in crossing, in spite of resistance
from Captain Collins, of the Fifteenth Virginia Cavalry. ... In front of
Banks's and Ely's Fords, General Lee had two brigades of Anderson's
Division, Posey's and Mahone's, and one battery ; in all, about 8,000 men.
Upon the approach of the enemy, this force was- withdrawn, and concen-
trated at Chancellorsville; where it was joined upon the morning of the 30th
by Wright's Brigade, which had been sent up to re-enforce it, the enemy
still pressing on. . . . General Anderson fell back from Chancellorsville to
Tabernacle Church, on the plank road, five miles below [a little south of
East]." — £sten Cooke.
CHANCELLORS VILLE. 159
fire from the rebel shells. In front, looking southward,
were oi^en fields, bordered by the forests of the Wilder-
ness. A clearing behind was bounded by the woods,
through which ran the roads to Ely's and the United-
States Fords. Westward on the plank road, a mile
and half or thereabouts, was Melzi Chancellor's house,
and a little beyond, the Wilderness Church. Near this,
the old pike road renewed itself, going straight on,
while the plank road bent to the left. Following the
pike, at Wilderness Tavern, five miles from Chancel-
lorsville, was met the Germanna plank road coming in
on the north, on which the Twelfth Corps had moved.
The whole country was dreary and desolate, — as many
a soldier learned in May, 18G3, and afterwards in the
battles of the Wilderness.
When the Second was but a few rods from the
house, it was turned off the road, to the right, into
the woods ; then to the right again, in a line parallel
with the road, some little distance ; then to the right,
and countermarched ; and was put in position at Fair-
view. Facing westward, or perhaps south-westerly, the
rialit of the First Brioade of the Twelfth Corps rested
on the road. Our brigade touched its left, — the Sec-
ond on the right, then the Thirteenth New Jersey.
Beyond the brigade, on the left, was Geary. The
Ele^•enth Corps was considerably to the right of the
Twelfth. The Second Corps crossed the Rappahannock
that day, about a mile below the junction of that river
and die Rapidan, at United-States Ford, which had been
uncovered by the movement of the Fifth Corps. A
160 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
bridge was laid there that day. General Hooker came
that evening to Chancellor's house. He had the four
corps mentioned (the Second, Fifth, Eleventh, and
Twelfth), at or near Chancellorsville. The First,
Third, and Sixth Corps had been moved to the brink
of the Rappahannock, in the vicinity of Fredericksburg ;
bridges liad been thrown over ; and a portion of these
troops actually crossed to hold the enemy there until the
other troops had reached Chancellorsville. These corps
were still in that vicinity, or on the road.
At half-past eight o'clock that evening (Thursday) ,
while the Second was making ready for a Avet biv-
ouac, the following order was read, and the soldiers
cheered : —
Headquakters, Army of the Potomac,
Camp neak Falmouth, Va., April 30, 1863.
It is with heartfelt satisfaction that the Commanding Gen-
eral announces to the army, that the operations of the last
three days have determined that our enemy must either in-
gloriously fly, or come out from behind his defences and give
us battle on our own ground, where certain destruction awaits
him. The operations of the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth
Corps have been a succession of splendid achievements.
By command of Major General Hooker,
S. Williams, Assistant Adjutant- General.
General Slocum's movement of these three corps
had been boldly and skilfully executed.
Friday, May 1, was a beautiful day. It being mus-
ter-day, that work was, of course, commenced. It was
half done when orders came to move : the whole army
was in motion on various roads. "I directed an
CHANCELLOKSVILLE. 161
advance," says Hooker, "for the purpose, in the first
instance, of driving the enemy away from Banks's Ford,
which was six miles down the river, in order tliat he
misrht be in closer communication Avith the left winoj of
the army." The Twelfth Corps advanced on the plank
road, towards Fredericksburg, to be followed by the
Eleventh ; the Fifth Corps, on the river road, to be fol-
lowed by the Second Corps. The result was a march
of a mile and a half or thereabouts. Then there was
sharp musketry on the left, and artillery shot flew over-
head. General Sykes, of the Fifth Corps, had met the
rebel Anderson. Jackson, who had reached Taber-
nacle Church that morning, with the divisions of A. P.
Hill, D. H. Hill, and Trimble, sent four brigades to
Anderson's help. General Hooker was "satisfied," that,
"as the passage-way through the forest was narrow,"'
he " could not throw troops through it fast enough to
resist the advance of General Lee, and was apprehen-
sive of being whipped in detail."^ He drew back his
troops to their former position. The enemy made some
demonstrations on the Twelfth and Fifth. Corps, but
were easily repulsed. Their object, doubtless, was to
learn the position of the army; and they succeeded.
The Third Corps had crossed at United-States Ford
that morning, and were massed in rear of the Chan-
cellor House. Jackson's command bivouacked about
two miles east of Chancellorsville, General Lee having
arrived with other troops ; and the Union forces were
1 General Hooker's Testimony before the Committee on the Conduct of
the War.
11
162 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY.
under arms all night, while plenty of picket-firing went
on.
On Saturday morning, the Second entrenched. It
was the "first time it had received such an order. Trees
were felled, and piled up breast-high ; and abattis were
constructed in front. The whole army was behind
defences. The Eleventh Corps was on the right.
Birney's Division of the Third Corps was in the
morning placed between the Eleventh and Twelfth,
occupying nearly a brigade front. The Twelfth Corps
was in its position of the day before. The Fifth
•Corps, General Meade, was next to the Twelfth, on the
left. Behind the Fifth and Twelfth was the Second
Corps, General Couch. The First Corps was on the
road from Falmouth. The Sixth was still on the north
side the river, below Fredericksburg.
The position of General Hooker's army was too
strong to allow a direct attack, especially as he largely
outnumbered the rebels ; but the enemy was busy that
Saturday. At eight o'clock in the morning, they were
seen moving steadily across the front towards the right.
They were on an old road bending to the south-west.
Word was brought to General Slocum ; he went to a
position where he clearly saw the enemy, and immedi-
ately reported the fact to General Hooker. It was not
until afternoon that permission was had to attack this
column. General Birney went out with his division of
the Third Corps, with Barlow's Brigade of the Eleventh
(in which was the Thirty-third Massachusetts, Colonel
Underwood) on his right, Whipple's Division of the
CHANCELLORS VILLE. 163
Third, iind, later, Williams's (in wliich was the Second
Massachusetts) on his left. They struck, a uiilc or
two on, Jackson's column ; but it was only the rear.
The Twenty-third Georgia was captured, almost to a
man. But Jackson's column had passed. The trains
were attacked, when (it was about five o'clock) the roar
of guns was heard on the extreme right. Jackson,
with twenty-two thousand men, had moved all day in
front of his foe, separated himself from every possi-
bility of help, and turned the flank of a force of at
least sixty thousand men.
General Slocum instantly ordered back Williams's
Division. When it had returned, it found that the
Eleventh had been utterly routed : its own works were
in the hands of the enemy ; and confusion and dismay
were triumphant.
All except iii one sj)0t. Pleasanton had stopped
some artillery, turned it, and checked the rout. Slo-
cum, of the Twelfth, with his single division (Cap-
tain Morse, of the Second, was on his staif, and
did fine service), had changed front, and called back
Williams's.^ Best, chief of artillery to the Twelfth
Corps, had with Avonderful energy brought his pieces
into position, with some of the Third Corps ; and
gathered up some of those of the Eleventh. Berry's
Division, of the Third Corps, was in position, firm and
1 "Slocum, by his bold and rapid change of front, saved the army from
the disastrous consequences that might liave followed the rout of the
Eleventh Corps." — Bowman cf /rtotn's " Sherman and his Campaigns," —
p. 265.
164 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
steadfast against the advancing tide of the enemy,
who came on with cheers, and pushed down the line of
the road. Best's twenty-two pieces opened with shell
and canister. Williams's Division returning, cut across
the works of their old line, — part of which were in the
possession of the enemy, — formed at right angles to that
line, and partially facing the road. Best's guns were
on a little ridge. The Second, M^ith its brigade, were
down the slope, in front of the batteries which threw
their shot overhead. A hundred shots a minute poured
from Best's pieces, sweeping away the constantly re-
peated lines of the enemy. The enemy foiled. The
tide was stemmed.
In the night, towards midnight, the artillery sudden-
ly opened again. "The ridge in front of Chancellors-
ville," says Cooke, "resembled the crater of a volcano,
vomiting forth fire and iron. A hurricane of shell
swept ^:he roads as with the besom of destruction ; and
the broken ranks, riderless horses, and wild confusion
made up a scene of tumult which was enough to try the
stoutest nerves." It was just after Jackson had fallen,
shot, said the rebels, by a volley from their own men ;
shot, said the First Massachusetts, by a volley from
them. In either case, he was a hundred yards outside
his own lines, and considerably nearer the Union lines. ^
The artillery ceased, and Birney advanced with the
1 " The soldiers of the First Regiment saw the group of horsemen
approaching, — not knowing that Stonewall Jackson was one of them, of
course, — and greeted them with a volley as soon as they came within
range. . . . The whole group turned and fled." — Cudwoi'th'' s " History of
the First Regimeut."
CHANCELLORSVILLE. 165
bayonet, drove back the enemy lialf a mile, recovered
guns and caissons, and re-established the line. But
all night the firing was going on, and all night the
whippoorwills were never silent.
When the sun rose on Sunday morning, the battle
was renewed. The enemy attacked, still in the same
general direction of the plank road. General Hooker's
line, as repaired, was this : the First Corps, which had
crossed United-States Ford, on the extreme right;
then ;Meade, Avith the Fifth ; then Sickles, across the
road west of the Chancellor house, pushed forward ;
Berry's Division, north of the road, supported by
AVhipple; Birney, on the south of the road, supported
in part by Williams, of the Twelfth Corps, who was in
the position of the night. Geary's Division of the
Twelfth Corps was still to the left of Williams ; and the
Eleventh Corps, restored to order by Howard's almost
superhuman efforts, formed the left. The line so ran
that Slocum's Corps, the Twelfth, was at the apex of a
cone ; part of the corps behind, when the battle opened,
covered by Birney, who was farther up the road.
Against this apex, to break it off, was the strength of
the enemy hurled, while other forces were assaulting
other parts of the line.
Hill, Colston, and Rodes led their rebel divisions
against this point, the enemy attacking only Williams
and Berry. Following Jackson's favorite method, they
came up in heavy columns, deployed suddenly, and
rushed on with yells. Best had twenty-eight pieces in
position. As the rebels approached, these guns hurled
166 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
a tempest of missiles into them. Their lines were
pierced and gashed ; yet still they came on. The infan-
try met them with a terribly destructive fire ; but the
rebel lines were constantly renewed. At length, the
Third Corps, severely weakened, fell back ; and the
Twelfth Corps bore the shock. Williams's Division
stood at the critical point : the veterans of this body
knew their duty. Of the Third Brigade, General
Ruger, were the Second, the Third Wisconsin, and
the Twenty-seventh Indiana. Nothing that could be
brought against the front of these steady old regiments
could move them. Again, as the enemy advanced, did
Best's guns plough through their ranks. The muskets
of Williams's Division poured in the bullets. Three
successive times were new lines of the enemy brought
up against them ; each time, to be broken and repulsed.
As they were broken, the line of the men of the division
pressed gradually forward. In the third line of the
enemy, there was a Palmetto regiment, as its flag
showed. It chanced to come against the Second, —
Massachusetts and South Carolina. Gallantly did the
Southern regiment fight : three times its colors fell,
but were instantly raised again. Three times did the
flag of the Second change bearers. Lieutenant-Colonel
Cogswell was wounded ; Lieutenant Fitzgerald, dead ;
Captains Grafton and Powers, and Lieutenant Perkins,
were wounded. Thirty-three per cent of the whole had
fallen. At last, the Palmettos suddenly retired. The
regiment had cleared its front, and found itself in its
old entrenchments.
CHANCELLOESVILLE. 167
The regiment was out of ammunition. For the first
time, it had shot away all its cartridges. The officers
had, during the fight, gathered up all the ammunition
from the cartridge-boxes of the wounded and dead ;
and, as the line gained ground, taken that of the fallen
rebels. But it was all gone ; and the urgent request
for a supply was answered, in a high quarter, " I cannot
make men or ammunition." So the brigade fixed bay-
onets, and stood at "order arms" for three-fourths of
an hour. Fortunately, the rebels had been so severely
handled that their assaults were faint. AVhilc the two
divisions were bearing the whole rebel attack. General
Slocum repeatedly sent staff-officers to General Hooker,
reporting the situation, and urging him to allow other
troops to take part in the battle. He saw him in per-
son also, and asked him to send another corps in on
Berry's right, so as to take the rebels in flank. Other
corps commanders were present, and begged the privi-
lege, and the soldiers were eager to take part in the bat-
tle. But General Hooker utterly refused. By and by
Berry was killed, the left of his line was overpowered,
and the right of Williams's was eventually turned,
which requii-ed him to fall back. The Second INIassa-
chusetts, moving around the south of the Chancellor
house, waited orders. While waiting, a round shot
took oif three legs of two men of Company E. Later,
the Second was sent back nearer tlie United-States
Ford.
At ten or eleven o'clock. General Hooker had drawn
back his forces to a line traced earlier for that purpose,
168 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
covering the parting of the roads to the ferries. His
right and left each rested noAv upon the river, and
Chancellorsville was left to the enemy. The house was
in flames before he left it, set on fire by shells ; and
the terrified women, who had sheltered themselves in the
cellar, were conducted out of the burning building to
the ford. The woods were on fire, and the roaring and
crackling flames were running over helpless wounded
men. Doubtless, the enemy saved the wounded from
the fire so far as possible. "I was suddenly seized,"
says one of the Second who had lost his sight, " and
dragged hurriedly along for some distance." It was
doubtless to rescue him from the flames.
Against another assault, in the afternoon, the Second
had nothing to do. It was not severe : Lee had some-
thing else to do.
That morning. General Sedgwick, with the Sixth
Corps, had crossed at Fredericksburg, carried the
enemy's works, captured a portion of the few brigades
left there when Lee had moved on Chancellorsville, and
was now advancing up the road on the south of the
river, to move on Lee's flank, and make a juncture with
Ho6ker. Lee heard this in the afternoon. He imme-
diately detached a heavy force to the relief of Barks-
dale and Wilcox, who were found at Salem Church,
about five miles from Fredericksburg, vigorously pushed
by Sedgwick, and retreating. The rebels stopped
Sedgwick's advance. The Second, with the whole
army, lay listening to the sound of the battle. A move-
ment was expected. Hooker would, of course* (was
CH.mCELLORSVILLE. 1G9
the talk in the lines), fall on Lee, to help Sedgwick.
But it was not done. Sedgwick was held in check till
night. That evening, after dark, the Twelfth Corps
was moved to the extreme left, resting on the river, in
Sedgwick's direction ; and was intermingled, for ob-
vious reasons, with the Eleventh Corps. Breastworks
were found there. It was a beautiful night ; and the
change from the smoke of the smouldering fires to the
cool air by the rippling waters was refreshing. Food
was had also : Quartermaster Sawyer, the indefati-
gable man, had brought boxes and bags, on the back
of mules, from the trains which had been left across the
river at United-States Ford. The men Avere black with
the smoke of powder or burning woods in which for
two days they had been wrapped.
Monday morning (May 4), the sound of Sedgwick's
contest was renewed. Lee had gone there himself,
and by and by drove Sedgwick over the river at
Banks's Ford. Hooker gave him no help. "Reconnois-
sances were made," says General Hooker, " on the right,
from one end of the line to the other, to feel the
enemy's strength, and find a place and way to attack
him successfully ; but it was ascertained that it could
only be made on him behind his defences, and with
slender columns, which I believed he could destroy as
fast as they were thrown on his works." It is remark-
able, that, in the same country, the enemy found means
to assault a force twice their number.
The hospital, which had been removed from Chan-
cellorsville during the first attack, to a place nearer
170 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
the river, had been transferred to the north side of
the Rappahannock, two-thirds of a mile back from the
river. No better hospital arrangements were possible
than those of the Twelfth Corps, organized by the
medical director, Surgeon McNulty. It was in charge
of Surgeon Casey, of the Twentieth Connecticut, a
man admirably, qualified by ability and education for his
place. Surgeon Try ford, of the Twenty-Seventh Indi-
ana, chief operator for the Third Brigade, did his work
skilfully. Surgeon Heath, of the Second, gave evidence
of the cool skill which was to place him by and by
among the first of the surgeons of the corps ; and
Assistant-Surgeon Wightman gave promise of a success
which his speedy death cut off. The wounded of the
Second were collected there : boughs were cut for beds,
and all their wants supplied. The "Sanitary" was, of
course, on hand. God bless the memory of the " Sani-
tary ! "
Monday morning, in the gray, suddenly shots fell
into the hospital. The enemy had planted a battery,
just opposite the extreme left of Hooker's line, several
miles away, which threw its balls into the hospital and
wagon-camp. At the first shot, limbs fell from a tree
upon the tent in which were the wounded officers of the
Second. The next fell among some rebel prisoners,
killing one and wounding five. For a few minutes,
the shots fell with the greatest rapidity. One passed
through the tent which had been turned in by the
Second, and killed a man just rising up. The wounded
men began to be hastily removed. There came near
CHANCELLORSVILLE . 171
being a stampede of wagons, and the large ambulance
train of the corps. Some drivers were in haste to leave.
Quartermaster Sawyer, of the Second, was present, with
pistol in hand, — " The first man that leaves without
orders dies ! " Order was restored, and preparations
hastened. But the fire speedily ceased. The men of
the Twelfth Corps, in the line, drove it off.
The roar of fight to the eastward, at Banks's Ford,
ceased about noon on Monday. The battle of Chan-
cellorsvllle was ended. A hundred thousand men,
thoroughly organized, admirably equipped, in high
spirits, — brave men, and most of them experienced
soldiers, — had been baffled by a force now known to
have been half their number.
ISIonday night was quiet. Tuesday morning, the
hospital Avas to be moved. But, while a good locality
was being sought, orders came to put it and the Avagon
trains on the road for the old camp. This was signifi-
cant of retreat. In fact, at a council of generals held
jNIonday night. General Hooker had decided to recross
the river, and return to his old position. In the after-
noon, while trains were far on, it began to rain furi-
ously. The Rappahannock rose rapidly, and the three
pontoon bridges were necessarily reduced to two. Or-
ders came to the Second to move that night ; but they
were countermanded, and it lay that wet night in the
trenches. Wednesday morning, the regiment moved
to United-States Ford, where the army lay crowded to-
gether for a few hours ; and then recrossed the river,
witli more men in the ranks who had not fired a shot, or
172 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
been brought into the presence of the enemy, than Lee
had in his entire army.
That rainy clay, the Second made twenty-three miles,
and, late at night, took possession of their old and roof-
less huts at Stafford Court-house. Better not have left
them ten days before : too many huts were tenantless.
In the fighting of these days, one officer was killed.
Lieutenant Gerald Fitzgerald, — a fine scholar, a
brave soldier (he was buried on the field) ; and four
wounded, — Lieutenant - Colonel Cogswell, Captain
Grafton, Captain Powers, and Lieutenant W. E. Per-
kins. Of enlisted men, the killed were, — Nutter,
of A; Bickford, Christie, Foss, and Stevens (Jesse),
of B; Manning (2d), of C; Houghton (A. C.) and
Uffenheimer, of E ; Bedell, Fitch, Kittredge, and Pur-
cell, of G ; Burke (J.), and Hannigan, of H; Davis,
Hanscom (C. G.), Martin, McKenny, and Webb (J.),
of I ; and Bortchy, Bunning, and Rathburn, of K.
Mortally wounded, — Corporal Page, of A ; Manning,
of B ; Hoyt and Sullivan, of C ; Barrell and Fer-
nald, of H ; and Cameron and Sawyer, of I. Eighty-
six wounded, not mortally ; and eight prisoners (the
men left in the works, in charge of the knapsacks, on
the 2d of May) . The losses were thirty-three per cent.
The division. General Williams's, lost 1,659 men;
the Twelfth Corps, 3,143, out of between nine and ten
thousand men.
For the loss of these brave men, it was poor conso-
lation to hear the order in which the " Major-General
commanding" tendered to the army "his congratula-
CHANCELLORS VILLE . 173
tions on its achievements of the last seven days."
" We have made long marches, crossed rivers, surprised
the enemy in his intrenchments." But, with vastly
superior forces, we had failed of our purpose. "We
have taken from the enemy five thousand prisoners and
fifteen colors, captured seven pieces of artillery, and
placed hors die combat eighteen thousand of our foe's
chosen troops." But, of the prisoners in the hands of
the enemy, of the artillery lost, and of the faithful, noble
men" wounded or dead, the order was silent. The
Second had this consolation, — that it had increased its
honorable fame, stood manfully, and driven boldly
Jackson's best troops ; and that its dead had fallen like
brave men.
Colonel Quincy resigned his colonelcy the last of
May, being discharged June 2. He was suffering from
the wounds received at Cedar Mountain, as well as from
the hardships of Richmond prisons. The experience
of the Chancellorsville movement convinced him, reluc-
tantly, that he was unequal to active field-duty. He
accordingly received a commission as lieutenant-colonel
of the Seventy-Third United-States Colored Troops,
and afterwards a colonel, to be employed as assistant
inspector-general in Louisiana, and eventually to be
brevetted brigadier-general, Lieutenant-Colonel Cogs-
well was promoted to the colonelcy, which he had nobly
earned. In his absence, being wounded, Lieutenant-
Colonel ]Mudge was in command.
Assistant-Surgeon AVightman was put on duty in
174 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY.
the corps hospital at Acquia Landing. He devoted
himself to his duty with so much earnestness, that he
soon fell sick ; and he died, on the 15th of June, at
Washington. He was a faithful man, and bid fair to
be a most efficient officer. William Nichols, jun., of
Boston, joined as assistant surgeon, having abeady
had valuable experience in front of Washington. He
was eventually promoted surgeon ; but preferred the
same position in the Third Massachusetts Artillery,
and served to the close of the war.
A new camp was laid out, near the old one, and
occupied May 27. The weather was intensely hot,
and wood-ticks and snakes flourished.
BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 175
XIV.
FROM BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG.
Ox the 6th of June, 1863, the regiment moved in light
marching order on a secret expedition. General
Hooker having learned that the enemy had massed his
cavalry near Culpeper, despatched General Pleasanton
to attack him. A large force of cavalry, with picked
regiments of infantry, and some artillery, crossed by
Kelley's and Beverly Fords. The Second, and the
Third Wisconsin, were of the number selected, and
were in that column which was to cross at Beverly
Ford. They left camp, train, sick, &c., in the even-
ing : a heavy thunder-shower, soon after starting, laid
the dust. The re^^iment marched that night to near
Spott Tavern, fifteen miles, arriving at 2, a.m. ; starting
at 10, A.M., reached Bealeton Station about 6, p.m.,
where detachments from other corps were met, all under
General Ames; kept out of sight a day in the woods,
and then moved rapidly to Beverly Ford, and crossed
on the morning of the 9th, — cavalry first, then the
Third "Wisconsin, then the Second. Colonel Davis,
commanding cavalry, charged up to, and over, a barri-
cade. The infiintry moved up, and drove the enemy,
176 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTEY.
after sharp firing, several miles. The trains could be
heard, bringing re-enforcements, at Brandy Station. The
rebels tried to tm'n, first the right, and then the left;
but without success, and with much loss both in killed
and prisoners. Firing was soon heard in the rebel
rear. General Gregg, who had crossed at Kelley's Ford,
had moved to Brandy Station, drove Stewart, and cap-
tured his headquarters, finding papers which indicated
Lee's movement to Pennsylvania. The enemy's cav-
alry, then about to move, were badly shattered, and
their value greatly diminished all the way to Gettys-
burg. Gregg came in on the left, and the whole force
fell back, and recrossed about 6, p.m. The Second
had lost one mortally wounded, — Nutting, of D ; and
two wounded. In this affair, twenty men of Company
D, with seventy from the Third Wisconsin, all under
Captain Oakey, captured more than their whole number
of men.
On the morning of the 10th, the regiment marched
back to Bealeton, where it remained until the 14th.
The whole ai'my was in motion ; and the Second, re-
maining one night just above Warrenton Junction,
rejoined the corps on the 16th, at Fairfax, meeting
there the men left behind at Stafford Court-house, who
had come on with the wagons, baggage, &c., by Avay
of Dumfries, under command of Major Morse. The
army was on the road to Gettysburg.
Lee was moving towards Pennsylvania. Hooker was
moving on parallel roads, observing the enemy, and
"coverinu: Washington."
BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 177
The Twelfth Corps moved by way of Fairfax, Lees-
buro-, Edwards's Ferry, and Frederick. On the day
after the Second rejoined its corps, it moved on from
Fairfax, and struck the Leesbm-g and Alexandria turn-
pike, a few miles south-east of Drainsville. On the
18th, passed through Drainsville, forded Goose Creek
(in a hard hail-storm), passed through Leesburg, and
camped under the old rebel Fort Johnston. Good for-
ao-ino- in that vicinity. There was no movement until
the 26th, a wet day, when the regiment crossed the
Potomac, at Edwards's Ferry, on pontoons ; met some
of the Second jNIassachusetts Cavalry near Poolsville ;
and encamped about 4, p.m., near the mouth of the
INIonocacy, following river roads and the canal bank.
On the 27th, crossing the Monocacy on the culvert,
went up to Point of Rocks. Some miles ftirther on,
went through a tunnel under the canal; and on, to a
mile beyond Petersville. On the 28th, back to Peters-
villc, and, through Jefferson, to near Frederick, and
camped a mile south of the familiar river. That day.
General ^Sleade took command of the army. The im-
mediate occasion of General Hooker's request to be
relieved was, that he desired to take the force at Har-
per's Ferry, and unite it Avith the Twelfth Corps,
" throw them rapidly in rear of General Lee's army,
cut his communications, destroy the bridges, and cap-
ture his trains, and then re-unite with the main army."^
Had this been done, the history of the Second would
1 General Butterfield's statement.
12
178 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
have been difFerent. It was overruled by General
Halleck. Hooker had brought his army, by brilliant
marches, face to face with the enemy, and was then
driven from command by a general in Washington,
on a point which that general immediately conceded
to Hooker's successor.
On the 29th, a rainy day, the regiment passed
through Waterville, to within a mile of Bruce ville ; on
the 30th, through Taney town, to half a mile beyond
Littleston ; on the 1st of July, slowly, four or five
miles, to near Two Taverns, where it halted. Heavy
and continuous firing in the direction of Gettysburg
soon startled the command. It was ordered forward,
took position about two miles south of the town, on the
right, and threw out skirmishers. The firing was from
Reynold's attack (on the other side of the town) , and
Howard's support, which' ended in the latter's placing
all his forces on Cemetery Ridge. It was about 7,
P.M., when Slocum placed his corps on the right; and
Sickles, the Third, on the left of the Eleventh. The
regiment slightly changed its position in the evening.
The enemy, who had been floating about in Pennsyl-
vania pretty much at will, had found it necessaxy to
concentrate, and were gathering near Gettysburg.
General Meade determined to give battle at that place.
But, of that battle in general, it is not in the purpose
of this record to speak.
On the morning of the 2d, there was some skirmish-
ing by the regiment ; then another slight change was
made, the whole corps making a slight detour to the
BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 179
left, taking position, the right resting on Rock Creek,
at a point where it crossed the Baltimore pike. This
was the extreme right of the line of the whole army.
Breastworks were immediately thrown up.
Late in the afternoon, the enemy made a heavy
assault upon the extreme left of the line. The First
Division of the Twelfth Corps was ordered to its assist-
ance. Arriving there, it was immediately exposed to
artillery fire ; but the Second lost but one man, —
wounded. Scarcely was this movement completed,
when, the enemy being repulsed, the division was
ordered back to its old defences.
Coming near there, circumstances led Lieutenant-
Colonel Mudge to suspect that the enemy had occupied
the ground ; and he sent Company F, as skirmishers, to
ascertain the state of the case. Meanwhile the reoi-
ment was promptly placed in line of battle, at right
angles to its old line, in the edge of the woods, on the
opposite side of a meadow from which the enemy might
be expected.
The night was dark, with an occasional gleam of
moonlight. With the exception of occasional shots
from distant skirmishers, all was still.
Company F returned, and reported a rebel line of
battle at about four hundred yards' distance, which had
not only got into our works, but had formed their line
directly across them ; and brought in some prisoners
who confirmed the statement. The report was not sat-
isfactory to higher authorities, and Lieutenant-Colonel
INIudge sent out Company K. That company, under the
180 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
brave and skilful lead of Capt. Thomas B. Fox, cau-
tiously advanced within ten feet of the enemy's line, cap-
tured twenty prisoners, drew a volley of musketry, and
returned ; with the loss of two men wounded, and two
prisoners. There was no question now as to the
enemy's position. The new line was strengthened by
rails and logs, skirmishers pushed well forward, and
daylight soberly waited for. Two batteries (Parrott
and Napoleon guns) were posted so as to command the
wood. Ewell's Corps formed the enemy's left.
On the morning of the memorable 3d of July, the
two batteries opened a rapid and severe fire, and kept
it up for over an hour. But it failed to dislodge the
enemy, who were favored by the nature of the ground,
which was steep and rocky, and covered with dense
woods. The batteries ceased, and the sharpshooters
of the enemy, posted in trees, became annoying.
At about 7 o'clock, orders came to the Second, and
one other regiment, to advance over the meadow,
and carry the enemy's position. So strange an order
excited astonishment. The regiments were a handful
against the mass of enemy opposite, even without any
regard to their formidable position. Lieutenant-
Colooel Mudge questioned the messenger, "Are you su)'e
that is the order?" — "Yes." — "Well," said he, "it is
murder : but it's the order. Up, men, over the works !
Forward, double-quick ! " With a cheer, with bayonets
unfixed, without firing a shot, the line sprang forward
as fast as the swampy ground would allow. The brave
young leader fell dead in the middle of the field, as on
BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 181
foot, and waving his sword, he was cheering on tlie
men ; and Major Morse took command. Three color-
bearers were shot in going two hnndred yards, but the
colors kept on. Into the enemy's line ; up to the breast-
. works ; and the regiment held its old position !
But the rebel fire was still terrible. The Second was
alone. The regiment on its right, its single help, had
melted back. The troops in support were motionless.
From behind every tree and rock, the enemy poured an
overwhelming fire; three brigades (a prisoner after-
wards said) were at that point. Another color-bearer
fell dead, waving the colors. Ten oflficers had fallen.
No supports came. The rebels were flanking the regi-
ment, when the order was given to retire. Slowly and
sullenly the Second fell back, re-crossed the fiekl of
death, and, taking position behind a ruined stone wall,
opened fire on the enemy whenever they showed them-
selves.
"I never saw a finer sight," said a general, "than to
see that regiment, coming back over that terrible
meadow, face about and form in line as steady as if on
parade." Steady, — but of the 22 officers and 294 men,
134 lay on the field. The lieutenant-colonel com-
manding was dead. "Our brave young color-bearer"
was killed, and of the color-guard but a remnant was
left. Forty-four men in every hundred had fallen, but
the honor of the Second was untainted.
The brave, young ^Mudge, the true-hearted Van
Dyke Stone, — were dead, llobeson, impetuous, dar-
ing, and able; Thomas B. Fox, who added the
182 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
noblest scholarly culture to a faithful, devoted heart,
— were mortally wounded. Captain Crowninshield,
and Lieutenants Gelray (arm amputated), Parker,
Mehan, Comey, and N. D. A. Sawyer — were
wounded. Of the enlisted men, the dead were Bas-
com, Bullard, Durgin (color-bearer), Foster (S. P.),
Hall, and Heoy, of A ; Whittier, of B ; Marshall, of
C; Derr, Maynard, Nelson, and Sadler (carrying the
colors), of D; Furber, Peck (P. H.), and Wilson, of
G; and Bailey, Cady (carrying the colors), Joy, and
Trayner, of I. Mortally wounded were Ball, Briggs
(J.), Foster (A^^.), and Prouty, of A ; Alton and
Conlan, of B ; Chase and Goetz, of C ; Blunt and Ela,
of D ; Kiernan, of F ; Babcock, Burdett, and Farring-
ton, of H; Brown, Butters, Edmunds, and Parker, of
I ; and Jewett and Wade, of K. Eighty-four enlisted
men were wounded, not mortally (among them Hobbs,
of I, while carrying the colors) ; and six were prisoners.
The dead of the enlisted men were buried at Gettys-
burg.
"Lamenting the heroic dead," said Colonel Cogswell,
" our beloved lieutenant-colonel, our respected and
cherished officers, our brave and noble men, who left
their lives on that bloody but victorious field, — let us
imitate their example, and make ourselves worthy to
have been their comrades in arms ! "
After returning, the regiment went into its log
defences, and the artillery opened again with good
effect. An attack was made by a part of the Second
Division on the enemy's flank and rear ; and after seven
BEVEKLY FORD TO GETTrSBUEG. IgJ
hours' hard fig,ui„„, ;„„„„,.„„ „,^ ^.^^^ .^
Second was engaged, the e„c„,y .,,.c disW„
About 3pm., the rogi„.ont occupied its original JZl
and cared or its dead and wounded. S Lc of t , e'
vere brought off under the fire of sharpshooters, and
some under cover of the night. Surgeon I ea l'
and Ass,stant-Surgeon .Mehois did fine ser, 'ce. It w
El venth Corps had redeemed its honor. L that con
test was the Thirt,-t,,ird JIass.achusetts, ColonelUnde .'
- «ood, winch had never lost its honor. I„ the evenin!
the message was passed alono- the line fi- r. ,'
Mcidc tl,nt fT . ° ' """ General
Meade, th,at he enemy h.ad been repulsed at all points
Durmgthe n.ght, the regiment lay in its works "ep;
awake by skn-mishing fire .and volleys of musketr t
the mornmg the enemy had disappeared. The Second
and some other regiments, were sent on a reconnot ee'
.ofeated. On returnmg, the day was spent in carino-
for the wounded, and burying the dead.
in the movement of the army after Lee tbn «
ond left on the 5th, and reached Lnul
or M , it-acnea l^ittleston ; on the 6th
a few mdes below that place; on the 7th ( „ the n, '
tovvitlnn tln-ee miles of Frederick; on the 8th tl ,
^redefck. JLddleton, and Burketsville, to Crampto:-,
Gap; on the 9th, to RohrersvUle; on the 10 1
crossed the old battle-ground of Antietam v ,! 'te
recalln,g recollections of that stubborn fight, and biv
ackedat.t3„ght;„„thellth,toalItti:north-et
184 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
of Fairplay ; on the 12th, to near Williamsport, and
threw up breastworks. Here Colonel Cogswell, nearly
recovered from his wound, rejoined the regiment, and
took command.
On the 14th, the strong rebel works were found
deserted. Lee had made good his escape across the
river, losing only some of his rear-guard. That day
the regiment marched eighteen miles ; on the 15th,
three miles below Antietam Iron Works ; on the 16th,
it passed by Unsel's house again, and over the hills to
Sandy Hook ; on the 19th, it crossed the river, and
over the Shenandoah, and bivouacked a little west of
Hillsborough ; on the 20th, to Snickersville, towards the
Gap ; on the 23d and 24th, a continuous march of
twenty-eight miles through Troy, Oakhill, and Upper-
ville, to White Plains, where Major Morse and
Lieutenants George and Sawyer, with a squad of non-
conimissioned officers, left for Massachusetts, to bring
back "conscripts," — none of whom ever came. On the
25th, moved to Haymarket ; on the 26th, to near War-
renton Junction ; where, on the 27th, General Gordon
visited the regiment, and was warmly received. On the
31st, the regiment moved by road east of Bealeton to
near Kelley's Ford, on the Rappahannock ; on the 1st
of August, crossed to support a cavalry advance, the
Second and the Twenty-seventh Indiana thrown forward
as skirmishers ; on the 2d, in the evening, returned, and
went into camp. It had come back to the old river,
after fig-htino; two battles, and marching four hundred
and four miles.
JOUENEYINGS. 185
XV.
JOUENEYINGS.
The regiment lay in camp until Aug. 16. On the
15th (Saturday), came orders to be ready, and in
the morning the regiment was on the road. But there
was something odd about it : the Third Wisconsin and
the Twenty-seventh Indiana were on the road too,
but the remainder of the brigade was left. Eioht other
regiments were added, all under command of our Gene-
ral Ruger. It was learned that certain sturdy regiments
had been picked for pai-ticular service, but what that
service was, was a profound mystery.
Six miles up the river was Rappahannock Station.
There, leaving horses to come by another train, and
superfluous baggage to stay behind, the regiments were
put on long railway trains, and that night found them-
selves at Alexandria.
On a miserable field in the edge of the town were
the troops, after some delays, sent to bivouac. Two days
had to be passed here. Peddlers overrun the camp,
with very mean eatables. Ice cream was eaten by the
l)int. Shoe-blacks appeared, and the privates exhibited
great dignity in employing them to brush equipments.
186 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^^TRY.
Whiskey showed itself somewhat, but not much.
Everybody wondered what the movement meant ; and
nobody knew. The theory most favored was, that we
were G-oino- down the coast.
But towards night, "Fall in !" A mile or two through
town took us to a wharf where lay the iron steamer
" Merrimack." It took time to get on board ; but by and
by, the Second, the Third Wisconsin, the Twenty-
seventh Indiana, and the hundred and something Ohio,
were snugly (very) stowed away. Other boats were
near, and other troops embarking. Once on board,
the proposals of the purser as to board made known
to the officers that we were bound for New York.
About 6, A.M., the boat started. Abominably close
below, but delightful for those who had the fortune to
be on deck. The trip down the river, the beautiful
moonlight by and by, the cool, salt air, so sweet to men
from the sultry Rappahannock, — were charming; that
is, on deck.
The next day, — having passed by night the junction
of the Chesapeake with the ocean, no land was in sight ;
walked by the "Erricson," a sister transport; and kept
on until Saturday, when, nearing New York, the officers
appeared at breakfast table, and boots were blacked,
and white collars were displayed. Then at anchor off
Governor's Island ; and General Euger reported to
General Canby ; and orders came ; and we were landed
at the foot of Canal Street, North-River side, and left
the "Merrimack," 1,991|^ tons, with its two lowrpressure
engines, and seventy-four life preservers, commanded
JOUENEYINGS. 187
by Captain Sampson, of Dcdham, ]Mass., — a gentle-
man. Then marched without music to Broadway, and to
City-Hall Park ; and entered it by the same gate as on
the 9th of July, LSGl, and stacked arms on the same
spot. But ah the ten hundred and forty !
The men were put in the barracks on the line of
Broadway. The officers had tents. The Third Wis-
consin was close at hand. A battery was stationed east,
beyond the guard. General Ruger's tents were pitched
the other side of the path running front of the City
Hall. The Twenty-seventh Indiana was down at the
Battery. All the squares bristled with muskets.
It was just at the close of the famous riots by Gov-
ernor Seymour's " friends." The Government was
determined that the draft should proceed, and so it put
an overwhelming force into the city ; and the draft did
proceed. That day everybody was in camp, and the
guns were ready.
Indeed they always were. Orders were extremely
strict ; " Never out of sound of the drum 1 " in the half-
hour leaves, sparingly given. But the evening parade
became an institution, and drew great crowds. Wives
came on to see husbands. Public worship was held in
the men's mess-hall, on a Sunday, by the Second,
and the Third Wisconsin. Benevolent people came, and
people not benevolent. A fortnight wore away in the
din and hubbub of Broadway.
Then suddenly, "Ready to move at a moment's
notice I " Then to move at 3, p.m., and nobody to leave
camp. But the line was formed ; wives hurried to
188 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
say good- by ; the drum corps gave the music, and
the regiment marched down Broadway, just at dark,
to the Battery, and the lighters took men and horses —
and were most all night about it — to the iron propeller
"Mississippi," on which the Second, the Third Wiscon-
sin, and the Twenty-seventh Indiana, found themselves
steaming down NcAv-York Bay when they awoke on the
morning of the 6th of September.
The trip back again to Alexandria was like the trip
on, only the men were not so crowded. The weather was
beautiful, and bivouac on deck was a novelty yet ;
below, the men found it close. Staten Island and the
fortifications, Sandy Hook, the low, silver-fringed
Jersey shore, — all disappeared. When Tuesday's day-
light appeared, Cape Charles appeared also, and then
Cape Henry ; and at evening, the light at Point Look-
out, and there we anchored until daylight. By two, p.m. ,
on Wednesday, we were opposite Alexandria, and before
sunset the regiment was on its abominable old field
again.
The "Mississippi" was twin sister to the "Merri-
mack," made on the same plans, and had a capital com-
mander. Captain Baxter, of Hyannis, Mass. ; and Purser
Sampson, who did finely. Speaking of pursers, the
oflScers were boarded for a dollar a meal, or five dollars
the trip, at their option. Going on, one of ours chose
the latter, but, being sea-sick, took only one meal at
five dollars. Returning he was wiser, and chose the
former arrangement, but not being sick, paid ten
dollars for his meals. The wisest make mistakes.
JOURNEYINGS. 189
Expectations of being forwarded by rail, as other
troops of the expedition had been, were disappointed.
The day after arrival, at 2, P. jr., the three regiments
were put on the road. Out of Alexandria, the country
was desolate ; inhabitants all gone, lines obliterated,
houses destroyed, — except at Annandale, a village of
two houses, and a fine lot of chimnies. Camped a mile
beyond that place. At 6, a.m., on the road, which was
terriblj^ dusty ; a great lot of fresh horses, going to the
army ; wagon trains, with whose escort our men got
into a necessary fight ; a long train of sutlers' wagons
coming up under escort : altogether, it was unpleasant.
Passins: desolate Fairfax, half a mile from Centreville
found friends in. the Second Massachusetts Cavalry, and
went on to Bull Run. There being plenty of water
there, and no water farther on, and no haste, and
seventeen miles having been made that day, the order
was of course, after a rest, " Fall in ! " The regiments
went on three miles to Manassas Junction, and camped
without water. Reveille at 4, a.m. Chimnies all
along the road. At Bristow, the fine band of the
Thirty-third ^lassachusetts played for us. There last
year we saw half a mile of cars bui-ned ; the (then)
one house was gone. At Kettle Run, we had wait-
ed idly all day in sound of the disastrous battle of
^lanassas. From that point there was no water, in
the intense heat, until Catlett's was reached, where was
found a little moist dirt to drink ; halted the column
half a mile from the intended camp, so as to get wet
by a thunder-shower. The next morning to Bealcton ;
190 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
and then on to camp by Kelley's Ford, where the Thir-
teenth New Jersey was drawn up in line, and welcomed
us all back, with cheers, to the stout old Third Brigade,
in the sound of cannonade.
On the 15th, changed camp ; but could not change
the water, a cupful of which would catch a thousand
wigglers. On the IGth, moved. The water on the
road tasted dead-cat-ish, but it was clearer. Crossinsr
at Kelley's Ford, following the Avell-remembered road
several miles in the misty morning, the regiment turned
eastward to Stephensburg, — a decayed village four
miles east of Brandy Station, — and camped. From
a little knoll back of camp, the outlines of a distant
hill were fiimiliar : it was Cedar Mountain.
On the 17th, early on the road : the regiment turned
to the left in Stephensburg, and made a five-mile march,
which had to be very crooked to keep in cover of the
woods. The enemy there had a signal-station on the
other side of the Rapidan. Halts were frequent, in line
of battle ; and the fall flowers were in their glory. At
one of the halts, came up a savage thunder-storm ; and,
as soon as the men were thoroughly wet, orders were
given to go into camp. It rained severely all night,
and the morning disclosed as thoroughly soaked a set
as was possible. Changed camp two days after ; but
the equinoctial continued. An equinoctial is not bad
at home ; but in the woods, with canvas which only
sti'ained the rain, with a little smouldering fire (because
of the enemy) , and the noise of guns throwing canister
at every change of pickets by the ford, it is not quite
JOUENE YINGS . 191
SO comfortable. On the 20th, orders to chcinge loca-
tion ; but, after waiting four hours, orders put the
shelters up again. The brigade was the extreme left
of the line of the army ; and the Second and the Third
Wisconsin were kept at the ford, and ate " White-
House Landing" bread, which was very active.
Picket-firing was ordered to cease ; and the rebels
stopped theirs. A little way from camp, their men
were in plain sight, with some ugly-looking earth-works
on the bluff. They were polite enough to turn out their
guard one day, and salute our officer commanding the
picket.
A painful episode occuiTed here. It was the execu-
tion of a deserter, a soldier of the Third Maryland,
Avhich the whole division had to witness, and with whom
tlie chaplain of the Second had to be until the last
moment.
The Second was picketing Raccoon Ford, on the
Rapidan. On Saturday, September 19, we gathered
around our first autumn fire, kept low. Eight days'
rations were kept on hand, — enough, that is, for four
days' eating. Suddenly, the Second was to leave Vir-
ginia, no more to see it until by Sherman's victorious
march it was moved from its south to its north line, on
the way home.
But nobody knew that, when orders came on the
24th to be ready to move, and a few hours after,
the troops did move. Silently and circuitously the
brigade wound its way out, found the other brigades
192 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
and the other division, passed a corps coming to
relieve the Twelfth, passed through Stephensburg to
Brandy Station, — which looked like railroading, —
and, after dark, "turned in" all wagons, &C. Then
it was surmised they wanted us in Tennessee, where
Chickamauga had just been fought.
"VVe bivouacked at Brandy Station ; where the pay-
master (Major M. J. Stone, to whom we owe many
kindnesses) appeared, and worked all night. We
saw another man shot for desertion (with whom the
Second's chaplain, by request, passed most of the
criminal's last night). We shivered in the cold. And
on the 26th, marched to Bealeton ; shivered another
night. Heard that Hooper was to command the Elev-
enth and Twelfth, that General Slocum had asked to
be relieved, and that General Butterfield was to com-
mand the Twefth Corps, all of which made more shiv-
ering than the cold did, — though only the first item
was to be realized. On the 27th, took the cars for
westward, forty men to a car, save field and staff.
We left Virginia, — left the section whose roads had
been pressed by many weary feet, left the graves of
our dead heroes, left the noble army of Virginia, not
to meet it again until the triumphal days of review in
Washington.
Throu2:h Alexandria ; throuo'h Washino-ton ; at nic^ht
at Relay ; in the morning at Berlin, recognizing the
scenery in the river mists ; crossed at Harper's Ferry ;
had coffee at Martinsburg ; saw the first red leaves of
autumn, at Hancock ; crossed rivers and pierced tunnels ;
JOUENEYIXGS. 193
were elieered at Cumlierland ; and on Tuesday the
29tli, -were dropped at Bcnwood; crossed the Ohio on
pontoons, and on the river's pebbly bank made coffee
and munelicd hard bread (the Western hard bread) at
midnight. In cars on the Central Ohio Road, at 2,
A.M.; near Cambridge in the morning; breakfast at
Zanesville ; a couple hours at Columbus ; by the Co-
lumbus and Xenia Road to the latter place, Avhere in
the evening suddenly appeared a crowd of women and
girls, with great quantities of meat, potatoes, eggs,
milk, j)ies, cake, and the like, which they dealt out to
the soldiers lavishly. " What is to pay ? " — " Nothing :
we are not Vallandigham people. " The soldiers left
with rousing cheers for the frank, warm-hearted, and
handsome Xenia girls. Passing Dayton, at noon next
day were at Indianapolis ; left at 6, r.M., on the Jeffer-
sonville Railway, and reached the Ohio at half-past 5,
,A.M. ; crossed on a queer and aged ferry-boat ; in
Louisville, found bread, meat, and coffee, at the " Sol-
diers' Rest," where the Sanitary Commission had
reached out one of its long arms ; hurried through
Kentucky, and reached Nashville half an hour after
midnight on Saturday morning ; wound round the knoll
on which the marble Capitol was shining in the moon-
light ; after a couple of hours in changing trains, moved
southward ; were near Stone-River battle-jjround at
daybreak ; and half an hour after midnight, Sunday
morning, were tumbled out of the cars on a plain
between the hills, at Stevenson ; and, after seven days'
continuous journey, and a passage of eleven hundred
13
194 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXFAXTRY.
and seventy -eight miles, bivouacked on the soil of
Alabama.
The Second had won its fame in the armies of the
East : it was henceforth to make itself a name in the
armies of the West.
UP AND DOWX THE RAILWAY. 195
XYI.
UP AND DOWN THE RAILWAY.
In Alabama. The Eleventh Corps, just before the
Twelfth on the road, was about Bridgeport ; the
Twelfth, or part of it, at Stevenson. Both were under
General Hooker.
Notwithstandino; the disasters of the battle of Chick-
aniauga, saved by the indomitable sturdiness of General
Thomas, General llosecrans had so far attained his
object as to occupy Chattanooga. But his force was
less tlian that of the enemy. He was closely confined
in Chattanooga, the rebels holding Mission Ridge on
the east, and Lookout ]Mountain on the west. His
river and road communication with Bridgeport was cut
off. His wagons had to come over a long and hard
mountain road, and across the river. The railway from
Nashville to Bridgeport, by which all his supplies must
come, was exceedingly insecure. Therefore the Eleventh
and Twelfth Corps found themselves under Rosecrans.
It was on Sunday morning, Oct. 4, 18G3, that the
Second, after a few hours' sleep in the low ground near
the station, shook off the heavy dew. At ten o'clock, it
was called to the station again. The enemy had come
196 SECOND aL4.SSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
up through the mountain passes, and cut the road over
which tlie Second had passed. At the station, a
sentinel sa^y an orderly coming in advance of tlie regi-
ment : the star (the badge of the corps) attracted Jiis
attention, and he presented arms. As others, servants
and the like, came on, he continued to salute. The
regiment came ; and the sentinel, seeing that all wore
stars, brought down his piece in disgust. "They are all
brigadier-generals," said he. Corps-badges were then
new to the Western armies.
The brigade was going back to open the road ; and
by railway to Decherd. It was thirty miles to that
place. The road was a curiosity. Leading through a
range of hills, it was built with considerable contempt
of levels. It took three engines (one coming out of a
siding to help) to get up one steep hill, and much time
to get the three to pull together. There were deep cuts
in the blue limestone, a tunnel of 2,228 feet in length,
and one grade of 127 feet to the mile. The stone often
seemed ready, by the great cracks, to tumble into the
cuts. In the dark tunnel, " Never mind, boys,"
shouted one, "there's daylight ahead."
At Decherd, it was learned that the rebels, ten thou-
sand strong, had occupied McMinnville, — a little town
ten miles off, at the end of a branch railway. The next
afternoon, the regiment was moved by rail to Alisonia,
at the crossing of Elk Kiver, — a town of one house.
Learned that the rebels had cut the railway above, and
that they were eighteen hundred strong. Out of
rations, and the men got some from the regiments near
UP AXD DOWX THE RAILWAY. 197
by. There was a difference in regiments : ^Middle
States' soldiers drove a brisk trade with the hungry
men ; when the jSIichigan men were offered pay, "Look
here, stranger," was the indignant reply, "do you
think we're mean enough to take pay for a little bread
and pork?" On Tuesday, the expected cars did not
come, and the regiments marched to Tullahoma, eight
miles above. As the train Avith the horses was on the
upper side of the break, officers and men were alike on
foot. At Tullahoma, the Second had settled down,
when, about ten, p.m., a train came along in which
there was room for half a regiment more. Some
General on the train ordered half of the Second in.
Most of the cars were platforms, and it came on to rain.
The conductor, brakeman, &c., went into their part of
the cars, and went to bed. The General went in, too.
They waked up about four, a.m. ; and the train went on
to near a burnt bridge, on a branch of Duck River, which
put a stop to progress. Then it Avas learned that the
rebels numbered fifteen thousand, with eighteen pieces
of artillery.
It Avas necessary to clean out the road by troops
moving on each side. The Second (excepting the
companies left under jNIajor Francis near Tullahoma)
AA-as started on the left, and Avent first to Shelby ville, to
catch rebel cavalry Avhicli had left that toAvn ten hours
before the regiment Avas ordered to begin its march.
The road Avas often throu^ih mafrnificcnt jjroves of beech,
oak, cedar, or AA'alnut. From Shelbyville, a pretty
toAvn, the road soon became a partly-built pike, —
198 SECOND SIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
some of it, swamp ; some, with heaps of broken stone ;
some, with the stone levelled off; and, at last, a four-
foot tumble in the dark, Avhere they meant to build a
bridge some day. At last, the troops were turned into
a wood, candles were lighted, arms stacked, and shelters
pitched in the rain, — after eighteen miles' marching.
At five, A.M., Oct. 8, moved on two miles to
Bellbuckle, a railway station ; and ten more to Chris-
tiana, another station ; having drawn part rations at
Bellbuckle, cut down by General Rosecrans, of neces-
sity.
At Christiana, facts dispersed the previous rumors.
The rebels had actually numbered foiu' thousand men,
with six or seven pieces of artillery. They had cut
the road at Grierson's Creek (a mile below Wartrace) ,
at Christiana, and near Murfreesborough. Our pursuing
cavalry had captured two guns and two hundred
prisoners.
On Friday evening, Oct. 9, the road broken on
Monday had been repaired, and three bridges built;
and the trains came through amidst cheers. So, early
Saturday morning, the regiment started back towards
Tullahoma. At evening, it was tangled up with a brook
called Crooked' Run. After going through it eleven
times, — being marched twenty-three miles, — turned
into a sorghum field. On the road next day, and went
through Crooked Run sixteen times more before sunrise ;
wound up out of the valley mists at last, and soon
reached Tullahoma ; and then to Alisonia the same day,
to get ready for a powerful rain-storm.
UP AND DOAN'N THE RAILWAY. 199
Twelve clays passed, guarding Elk-river Bridge
Avith the Third Wisconsin, a coloi'ed regiment (wliich
was a trusty one) , and a something New York. Across
tlie river was Estell Springs, so named from Doctor
Estell, who owned some springs, and laid out lots on
wliich Southern people built board shanties, and used to
live in awhile in the summer. " Tiiey purtended it was
for their health," said a solitary resident. "But it was to
git shet o' ther time ; and they didn't else know how
to git slict o' ther money." The springs remained,
— one " kollee-by-it ; " and three others welling out
within two feet of each other, — sulphur, lime, and pure
water.
On the 19th of October, General Rosecrans was
relieved from command, and General George H.
Thomas, an old acquaintance in Patterson's Campaign,
took command of the Department of the Cumberland.
Comfortable huts had been built. But the regiment
went beechnutting, down to Anderson. That is, that
was the result.
Hooker was to clean out the south side of the Ten-
nessee, from Bridgeport to the western base of Lookout
^Mountain. lie was ordered to concentrate the Eleventh
Corps and one division of the Twelfth, at Bridgeport.
On tlie 23d, the regiment reached Dccherd ; on the
24th, Tantallon ; and on the 25th, Anderson. Ander-
son was a station, but no town. Mr. Andei'son lived
there, who owned five or six miles of valley and several
mountains ; it was Big Crow-creek Valley, wliich
bore excellent corn, the horses (they had got along)
200 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
tliouglit. Bivouacked in a beautiful beech wood, and
gathered nuts from crops inexhaustible. Saw brooks
coming out of 'hills, and walked into caves. It Avas the
old Creek country. Big Crow was a " big Indian."
A variety of orders came : it took some time to
untangle the snarl, but it was at last settled that there
were too many troops, and our brigade was sent back.
The Second Division went on, and took part in the
beautiful clearing-up of the south bank of tlie Ten-
nessee, in Avhich, on the 28th, occurred the battle of
Wauhatchie, in which Colonel Underwood, of the
Thirty-third INIassachusetts, was so severely wounded.
So, on the 26th, faced northward ; re-crossed the
mountain by the same abominable road, which a native
said had not been used since the railway was opened :
it was a succession of sharp ledges. Camped at Cowan
— twenty minutes. Then orders came by telegraph to
take the train; orders, half an hour later, to march
instead, but fortunately the promptness of the Second
had got ahead of the orders. At Bellbuckle, the engine
gave out; about two, a.m., "Another engine is just
comino." The Second was too old to be caus-ht that
way, made its coffee, lay down to sleep by the road,
and Avaked in the mornins; to find that the other enoine
was still "just coming." Marched on, — horses back
at Cowan, — and reached Christiana before the engine
which was "just coming."
There was a remarkably mean camp there, Avhich
some slovenly regiment had left. The Second tore it
all doAvn, and built a ncAV one. They tore doAvn a house
UP AND DOWN THE RAILWAY. 201
or two besides, without buiklint^ thcui up. Company
C, Captain Brown, Avas stationed a few miles up the
road, with Assistant-surgeon Is'ichols. So soon as
camp was comfortably finished, somebody concluded to
shift the troops round " to bring into juxtaposition the
scattered parts of " some brigade, — which they might
have thouglit of a fortnight before, and so saved seventy
miles of marching. On the 6tli of November, the
regiment moved ; left a fine camp to a set of as mean
substitutes for a regiment as could be found ; stopped
at Bellbuckle one night, and below Normandy another ;
and on the 8th were back at Elk liiver to find the old
huts gone, and to ransack the neighboring territory for
materials for more. The sesfi'ch proved successful, and
huts were built by the side of the fortifications command-
ing Elk-river Bridge, which the guns of the Second
Kentucky Battery occupied. Company C, Captain
Brown, was across the river, in one of the block-houses
which were now built at points on the road from Nash-
ville to Chattanooga, and Companies I and E, Captain
Grafton, and Lieut. Perkins, were afterwards stationed
near Company C.
Thanksgiving Day came round, Nov. 26. Fifty men,
under Quartermaster Sawyer, went out earlier ; and, at
a distance of fifteen miles, procured plenty of the
necessaries of that day. The men's dinner was in this
ratio, — to every hundred men, fourteen geese, four
turkeys, and forty chickens, besides a few quails, a pig,
and some plum puddings. The brigade band (embrac-
ing part of the old regimental band which left Sept. 8,
202 SECOND ]VIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
1862, discharged by act of Congress) got tired of
waiting for the train, footed it liome to the Second
over eight miles of road, and furnished beautiful music.
Public worship was held as usual. The officers of the
Second, and those of the Second Kentucky Battery,
fraternized in the evening.
In December, 1863, the proposal of re-enlistment
came before the regiment. It met with a favorable
response. Many men could not re-enlist. Some were
too much enfeebled by the hardships of war ; to which,
the age of some added another objection. Some could
no longer with reason leave their fiimilies. But a
sufficient number re-enlisted to secure the continuance
of the Second.
Towards this end, the valuable assistance of Rev.
Thomas B. Fox, of Boston, contributed. Governor
Andrew, solicitous for the comfort of the Massachusetts
soldiers, sent this gentleman, as a special agent in behalf
of the State, to its regiments in Tennessee and Georgia,
and soldiers in hospitals, as had been before done to the
regiments in the East. He reached the camp of
the Second on the 28th of December, 1863. On the
next day but one, he addressed the regiment, which was
drawn up on three sides of a square. In an address
of wonderful beauty, completeness, and eloquence, he
brought the assurance of remembrance at home.
"When he who had given three sons to the army
alluded to the one who had fallen in the line of the
Second at Gettysburg, tears wet the cheeks of the hardy
UP AND DOWN THE EAILWAY.
203
sokllciy. Going on to Chattanooga/ he was able to
materially expedite the arrangements by which the Sec-
ond was to be continued, and its re-enlistcd men Avere
to be sent home for the promised thirty days' furlough ;
and telegraphed the result to Colonel Cogswell. The
re-enlistments dated from Dec. 31 ; and the Second
Avas henceforth the Second Regiment of ]Massaciiu-
SETTS Veteran Volunteers. It had earned the
title.
1
sin
scon-
At Lookout Mountain, Mr. Fox met a soldier of the Twelfth W
,.,.. In conversation, he asked him if he knew the Third Wisconsin.
' Yes one of our officers came from that regiment." —" Perhaps, then, you
hearj'of the Second xMassachusetts."-" Heard of it? Yes. That and the
Third Wisconsin make one regiment, and every man in them is fit to
command the whole."
204 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
XYII.
HOME AND BACK.
On the 9th of January, 1864, the orders came to go
to Massachusetts. The men who remained behind were
moved to Tullahoma. The re-enlisted men, temporarily
consolidated into five companies, on the lOtli of Janu-
ary took cars at Estell Springs, and reached Nashville
on a cold night about eleven o'clock. The men Avere
placed in ZollicofFer building, a dirty and disgusting
place ; and the field and staff found it hard to get any
shelter even for the night. Possibly some of the
officers will remember the Donegana. Further trans-
portation was not provided until the loth, when in
the morning the trains started ; had the usu^l delays ;
reached Louisville at dawn ; marched by way of New
Albany to JefFersonville to be ready at two, p.m., and to
go at nine, p.m. ; reached Henry ville at eleven, p.m., and
there waited, by reason of some stupid blunderer, until
the next forenoon ; went on to Indianapolis ; to Crest-
line ; to Cleveland ; to Buffalo ; to Albany ; crossed
the Hudson on the ice, and reached Boston about five
o'clock, Jan. 19th.
Crowded throngs were waiting ; but at that late hour
HOME AND BACK. 205
tlie reception was (lefcrrccl, and cheers accompanied
tlie men to the barracks in Beach Street.
Tliat morning, the " Boston Advertiser" had said : —
" Amoug the old regnnents re-enlisting, and returning home
upon furlough, we learu th:it tlie Second Massachusetts may
be ex[)Ct'ted to arrive, — perhaps to-day. It will be with thin
ranks, that this regiment will return to our streets, through
which \vc saw it march thirty months ago with full numbers,
and with all the brilliancy of a holiday parade. But what a
glorious history has meanwhile been inscribed upon its colors !
" The Second Massachusetts was the first volunteer regiment
raised for the three years' service. The gentlemen who raised
it, prominent among whom was the lamented Dwight, secured
the permission, during the dark days which followed the attack
upon Sumter ; and the regiment marched on the 8th of July
following. Its first opportunity to show its quality was in
covering the retreat of General Banks from his advanced
position in the Shenandoah Valley, in May, 1862; when the
good discipline and steady conduct of this regiment was
cliiefly instrun^cntal in saving the retreating force from over-
whelming disaster. Seventeen killed, forty-seven wounded,
and eighty-four missing, was the price then laid down by this
devoted corps for the safety of the army. At the unfortunate
battle of Cedar Mountain, in August following, this regiment
met the brunt of the fight, and lost thirty-four killed, one
hundred and twenty wounded, and thirty-one missing; the
killed including six officers, — the noble Savage there meeting
his mortal wound, — and only eight, out of twenty-two offi-
cers, returning unhurt. At the turning of the tide of war at
Antietam, in September, the regiment bore a distinguished
part, losing thirteen killed, fifty-four wounded, and but two
missing. Here the gallant Dwight laid down his life cheer-
fully and nobly. At Chancellorsville, the determined gallan-
try and solid discipline of the regiment gained for it the
commendation of General Hooker in General Orders, — twen-
206 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
ty-five killed telling the story of its couduct. At Gettysburg, it
Avas once more the fortune of this regiment to meet the enemy
at one of the turning-points of the war. Five color-bearers
were laid low, one after the other : of two hundred and fifty
men, twenty-one (including four officers, among whom was the
youthful but heroic Mudge) were killed ; and many wounded,
and few missing, again told the tale of steady valor. The
regiment now belongs to the army of Grant.
" Such a story is common-place enough upon paper, but it is
nevertheless a remarkable chapter in the annals of military
and patriotic devotion. Of thirty-six officers who left Boston
with the regiment, but six will return with it. Dwight,
Savage, Abbott, Mudge, Gary, Goodwin, Williams, Robeson,
and Perkins, with Fitzgerald, Fox, and Stone, have fallen
nobly at the head of their men ; while Sedgwick and Shaw,
who were among those who first marched forth with the regi-
ment to the field, have also fallen, — one at Antietam, and the
other on the parapet of Wagner. And, of the unnamed
heroes of the ranks, what nobler record can there be than
that of Antietam and Gettysburg, where, with a frightful loss
in killed and wounded, but an insignificant fraction is set down
as ' missing ' ? These are the men who are shot down in their
places, but who neither surrender as prisoners, nor straggle.
It is no invidious detraction from the honor of other regi-
ments to say, that, with perhaps one exception, the Second
has been unequalled among the Massachusetts regiments for
its cool endurance and steady conduct under the hottest fire.
" We hope that when this gallant band marches through our
streets, the citizens of Boston will give them a hearty wel-
come. Let the same enthusiasm which encouraged them at
their departure welcome and cheer the returning veterans !
The colors which they bear have been bathed in tlie blood of
the sons of Massachusetts time and again, but never dishon-
ored. The staff has been shot away in the hands of the
staudai'd-bearer, but the ensign has never trailed in disgrace.
HOME AND BACK. 207
The men who return are the companions of those whose
memory is counted among the dearest of our treasures : they
are themselves scarred and worn from a hundred gallant
fights ; and yet they come to us, not to lay down their arms,
as they might with honor, but to prepare for a return to their
country's service for a new term, and for other fields yet to
come, in which they will preserve the lusti-e of their past
I'enown undinimed. Let our streets ring with cheers, let tlie
national colors stream out once more ; and let us prove to
these men, and all who are ready to imitate their deeds, that
this city knows how to be grateful for patriotic service, and
how to honor a gallant and persistent devotion to duty ! "
The reception took place upon the next day. It fully
showed, that the w^ords of the "Advertiser" represented
the popular heart. ^ Leaving Beach-street Barracks at
1 Among the tokens of the estimation of the regiment in one chiss of
citizens was the following. It was not curried far, because meeting with
universal approval.
" We, the undersigned, wishing to give the Second Regiment a hearty
welcome, agree to close our stores between the hours of 11.30, a.m., and 1,
P.M., to-day: —
Denny, Rice, & Co. Gay, Randall, & Co.
Gakdneh, Dextek, & Co. Pakkek, Wildeh, & Co.
F. Skinxek & Co. Bahnes, Mekriam, & Co.
Fkotuingham & Co. DnEssER, Stevens, & Co.
J. C. Howe & Co. Bihr Brothers & Co.
CiiAS. Amory & Co. Wellington Brothers & Co.
Mackintosh, Green, & Horton. Stone, Wood, & Co.
BiRRAGE Brothers «& Co. E. Allen & Co.
Edwards, Nichols, & Richards. Pierce Brothers & Co.
Faclkner, Kimisall, & Co. Oiidway, Tehbetts, & Co.
Washulrn, Welch, & Cark. Woodman, Horswell, & Co.
J. C. Converse & Co. Allen, Lane, & Co.
Wilson, Ha.^iilton, & Co. E. 0. Tufts & Co.
J. C. IkuRAGE & Co. Wilkinson, Lamb, & Co.
Jordan, Marsh, & Co. — Smith. GRt>ss, Daniels, & Co.
Anderson, Heath, & Co. Dale Bkothers & Co.
SwEETsER, Swan, & Blodgett.
208 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
nine, a.m., under the escort of the Cadets, the regiment
passed through dense and enthusiastic throngs. The
route led to Washington Street, Boylston, Arlington,
Beacon, Court, and State Streets to Faneuil Hall.
Flags were displayed everywhere. Balconies and win-
dows were filled with ladies. Tumultuous cheers
accompanied the men the whole distance. In State
Street, the dense mass of warm-hearted citizens ren-
dered it almost impassable.
Said the " Boston Post " : —
" The reception of the regiment yesterday was all that ad-
miration and gratitude could inspire. The huzzas that greeted
the appearance of the veterans were no unmeaning vocife-
rations, but heartfelt ejaculations. Hats were raised as they
passed ; and " God bless you, brave men ! " were words uttered
from many lips. Citizens of all classes and ages were eager
to express their joy at the sight of the noble soldiers who
have participated in so many deadly strifes, battling for their
country."
Of the greeting at Faneuil Hall, the '' Advertiser "
gave the following account : —
A grand reception by the State and City authorities and our
citizens was given, Wednesday, to the gallant veterans of the
Second llegiment, which arrived in this city on Tuesday
night.
Faneuil Hall was rather more decorated than on Sunday :
there was a handsome addition on each side of the clock, con-
sisting of the State arms and shield : the galleries were also
trimmed with streamers. As the Governor and staff, accom-
panied by Major-General Burnside and several invited guests,
entered, the band performed "Hail to the chief!" On the
platform was the Mayor and many distinguished gentlemen.
HOME AND BACK. 209
flavor Lincoln presided, and by his invitation Rev. Dr.
Lothrop asked the divine blessing upon the assembly. Mayor
Lincoln then said, that, without asking permission of the com-
mander, he would order the veterans to relieve the tables of
their load, an order which was immediately carried into
execution.
After the dinner was over, the Mayor rose, and spoke as
follows : —
" ]\[r. Commander and Soldiers, Veterans of the Second
Regiment, — I consider it one of the happiest circumstances
of my otficial career, that I have the privilege of welcoming
you and your honored command to-day to Faneuil Hall. The
City Council of Boston, appreciating your past services in
behalf of the national cause, have desired, by the entertain-
ment which has been prepared for you, to give an expression
of the feeling of our people now that you have returned to
j'our homes. The reputation which you have already acquired
claims our admiration ; but the welcome which you received
is not confined to personal acquaintances or neighbors, but is
shared, I can assure you, by the whole community. Starting
from Boston as one of the earliest regiments of the war, our
citizens have always watched your career with interest, taking
a part, first, in the fortunes of the Army of Virginia ; then, with
the Army of the Potomac ; and recently in the Department of
the West.
" You have always sustained the name and fair fame of Mas-
sachusetts, and she will never forget your services. I must
confess to you, that some of us, who have remained at home
when the country needed our services, have a little feeling of
envy at the noble position which you have won for yourselves.
Too many of us have come far short of the true stature of a
man in this crisis of our nation's history, but we do not forget
the homage due to those who have filled to the full measure all
the requirements which every citizen owes to his country. It
does not become me at this time to recount the number of
U
210 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
your engagements, or to speak of the fields where your valor
has been tested ; but my duty is simply to introduce to you His
Excellency the Governor, who will formally, in behalf of our
honored Commonwealth, tender you that welcome which your
merits and patriotic services deserve."
Governor Andrew stepped forward, and was greeted with
great applause and cheers. He spoke as follows : —
" Mr. Commander, Officers, and Men of the veteran and gal-
lant Second Massachusetts, — Many a time and oft have the
airs of Boston reverberated the shouts and the plaudits of
the people of Massachusetts. Many a time and oft, during
the long and great history of the Commonwealth, — in which
Boston has always borne a part, grand and conspicuous, —
have the arches of this venerable hall re-echoed the shouts of
freemen ; but never on an occasion more full of pathos, more
touching to the heart, more inspiring to the hopeful patriotism
of American citizens. How inadequate, Mr. Commander, is
all human speech for an occasion like this ! A hundred thou-
sand voices, speaking from the heart of a million of people,
have already welcomed these veteran soldiers of our Union
cause. How little it is to say to the soldier who for three
years has perilled his life for his country, that we thank him
for the sacrifice ; that we are grateful for the proffered offering
of his life, if God chose to accept it ; that we prize his
heroism, and will for ever praise his patriotic valor !
" If words were deeds, and deeds of men were the acts of
Titans or demigods, they would be all too weak for such a
day as this. Two hundred and twenty-two Massachusetts
men, officers and soldiers of the Second Regiment of Volun-
teers, after nearly three years of constant, active, and devoted
participation in all there is of peril, of exposure, and of valiant
daring in the field, return to resume, for a few days only, the
occupation of their homes, in order that with refreshed hearts
and re-invigorated frames and recruited ranks they may
march once more to the final crushino; of the rebellion.
HOME AND BACK. 211
" Mr. Commander and the IMeu of Second, tlie record of
your fame is the delineation of yonr ohax'acter. On the 18th
day of July, 1861, you marched from tliis very city of Boston,
bound for the fields of war, one tliousand and forty -six
strong. To-day, you march through the streets of Boston two
hundred and twenty-two men, who, almost all of them of the
original one thousand and forty-six who marched at the begin-
ning, have re-enlisted themselves anew for the war.
" INIen may praise the nobleness of the act, but only God
can. adequately bless the patriotic offering. To know how
bravely and how well your work has been done, one needs to
peruse the records of your camp life, beginning in Koxbury^
and to follow your course along the upper Potomac, down the
valley of Virginia, back to Fredericksburg, over to Antietam,
and down to Kentucky and Tennessee ; for, wherever you
marched, you left a record of your glory behind you.
" AVhile history has a page, there shall be preserved, to be
read of Americans during the great and long hereafter, the
story of the Massachusetts Second covering the retreat of
the army as they passed up the valley of Virginia in the
actions of Winchester.
" Men can never cease to remember the action of the Second
IMassachusetts in that trial battle of Gettysburg, where this
sacred flag [the national ensign was here taken hold of and
waved by the speaker amid vociferous cheers], now torn to
rags by shot and shell, was the ensign you followed, and never
deserted, but carried on to victory. .
" The noble standard-bearer who bore it fell by the bullet
of the enemy. He kissed his mother earth in death ; but
the flag of your country still waved aloft, was snatched
from the dying soldier's hand by a comrade, who in his turn
bit the dust by the bullet of a foe. Again the flag, transferred
without touching the earth, was passed to the hand of another
Massachusetts boy ; and five standard-bearers in succession
bore this symbol of our cause on the field of Gettysburg.
212 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXTANTRY.
And need I say, that, whenever this regunent has faoed a foe,
you have marched with victory upon your banner and death
upon your bayonets. At Chancellorsville, not less than at
Antietam, was the Second distinguished among the brave ;
and, with the First and Second Massachusetts, it was specially
designated for commendation in General Ordei's of the then
Commander of the Army of the Potomac.
" The old soldiers of the Second will notice, that I have not
spoken as yet of the action of Slaughter Mountain. During
all the conflicts of the war, there has been no braver conduct
than yours on that terrible day. Your hearts will bear record
for ever to the value of your comrades who fell that day.
Your tears this morning, soldiers of the Second, shed for
Savage and his noble compatriots, whose blood that day
moistened the soil of Virginia and made it sacred, are a fitting
tribute, such as no words of mine can imitate.
" Of the men who marched from Massachusetts as members
of the Second, already twelve officers have fallen in battle, and
sleep in death. One hundred and fifty-three enlisted men
have accompanied their officers to the grand review : three
hundred and seventy-three have been discharged, invalided
since the war began : twenty-two officers, and three hundred
and forty-five men, have fallen by wounds not mortal. So
distinguished has been the conduct of the regiment, and the
members who composed it, that not less than thirty-nine of
your officers and men have been translated from the Second
to be commissioned, either by the President or myself, in
other commands.
" Your first colonel and lieutenant-colonel have long since
borne distinguished titles, and performed with admirable
distinction the duties of brigadier-generals in the United-
States Army of Volunteers ; and both of them are to-day in
command of divisions. One of your officers and forty-two of
your men, in the ordinary course of the dispensations of Provi-
dence, without wound in battle or material injury in the service,
HOME AND BACK. 213
by uatural cau'es, have passed away. Some of your comrades
are left behind in the hospitals: some of them, on detached
service, could not be reached to ascertain their purpose?
â– whether to enlist again, or be discharged at the end of their
original term. But, whatever may be the decision of those
men, there is no Massachusetts heart, no citizen of our com-
mon country,- who can fail to declare; nor can I fail, as the
official representative of the Commonweal ih, now and for ever
to declare, that all that men could dare, and all that men
could do, for the cause of their country impei-illed, on the
field, the Second Massachusetts has dared and has done.
" And now, fellow-citizens, civilians of Massachusetts, thank
this noble regiment by recruiting its ranks, and marcliing by
its side. Fill up to the original one thousand and forty-six,
during this brief furlough, their wasted ranks. Let at least
five hundred men from IMassachusetts return with these two
hundred and twenty-two to the field of war. Thus will we
thank the noble and brave for what they have already
achieved: thus may we attest our gratitude to those who
have elected to remain, and fight anew for that standard, so
long as the American flag shall float above the American
soil.
" Now, Mr. Commander and Soldiers of the Second, I have
not attempted by words to declare how deep is the gratitude
of the Massachusetts heart toward the living, — how sacred
our remembrance for the memory of the dead. Brave and
true men, lean not on the speech, rely not on the assurance of
the lips. Soldiers, you know that from the bottom of her
heart, Massachusetts admires, reveres, and loves you all."
Colonel Cogswell responded as follows : —
" Your Excellency, — I cannot find words fit for my feelings
to-day. To use an expression of your own, no poor power of
speech of mine can adequately express my feelings of thankful-,
ness and gratitude to our kind friends that have received us
here to-day. But the mind will go back to thirty-two months
214 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS IXFAiS'TRY.
ago, when this regiment, of which that before you is but a
fragment, entered the service of their country. Thirty-two
months ago ! and Winchester, Cedar Mountain, Antietam,
Chancellorsville, Beverly Ford, and Gettysburg ! Thirty-two
months ago ! and Dwight and Savage and Mudge, and that
long, sad list which I. will not recall to-day! When I say to
Your Excellency, that these men, with the experience they
have had ; with the hardships, sufferings, and dangers that
they have seen and dared, — have re-enlisted, I have said
enough for a lifetime in their pi'aise. Let me also say,
that, while the Government of our common country has ever
been before our eyes, we have ever been mindful of the per-
sonal kindness, interest, and affection of the Chief Magistrate
of our own native State ; and let me add one more word, and
that is. Your Excellency, with our ranks filled up we will go
forth again as readily as ever to finish the work which we have
left unfinished, and which we think, thank God ! will soon be
done."
The Governor then thanked the First Battery, Captain
McCartney, for their services in firing the salutes on Sunday
and yesterday ; and complimented them as-being one of the
best artillery organizations that has served during the war.
The Governor also read a despatch from Captain Adams of the
First Cavalry, stating that most of his company had re-
enlisted, and would soon be home on their furlough. This
announcement was received with cheers.
General Burnside, who had joined tlie cokimn in
front of the State House, and had been greeted with an
enthusiastic welcome, was introduced by the Governor,
and received with nine clieers. He spoke as follows : —
" Ladies and Gentlemen and Comrades, — If I were ever
capable of addressing an assembly like this to-day, I should be
unable to do so now, from the fact that my head is almost
turned with the kindness I have received since I left the
HOME AND BACK. 215
Governor's room this morning. My heart has been made
proud at witnessing the reception you have had at the hands
of your friends at home. I am the more happy because you
so well deserve it. I am glad to know that the dark, hard
scenes through which you have passed are remembered by
your fellow-citizens ; and that there is a recompense of grati-
tude and kind feelings in store for all of us who have served
in the tield, when we return. I have had the honor of com-
manding this regiment, not immediately in the. presence of the
enemy, but on two distinct occasions, — when I had command
of the left wing of the army at Harper's Ferry, and once
when you formed a portion of the Army of the Potomac.
'" I have followed your history witli very great pride and
with very great admiration. You were commanded first by a
college mate of mine. We passed some three years' together
at "West Point, he being one year my senior. I became,
during that association, very much attached to him ; and neces-
sarily followed his regiment with very deep interest. The
scenes through which you have passed since have necessarily
attracted my attention and admiration. Lately we have been
laboring in the same field ; and we ought to feel that we have
been fully recompensed by the success that has attended our
labors in East Tennessee.
" I, like you, comrades, have come home to see my friends ;
and have been ordered to recruit the ranks of the regiments
that I have the honor to command, to the number of fifty
thousand men. That I pi'opose to try to do. I, like you,
propose to return at the proper time to fight again. Let us
go determined to sustain, support, and fight for, that grand old
tlag [pointing to the flag of the regiment] until we shall wave
it over every inch of territory that belongs to the Government
of the United States. I know that you are as fixed on that
purpose as you can be, and I hope that I may be able to con-
tinue in the same resolution until this rebellion is crushed.
" JNIy friends, I cannot find words to thank you lor the man-
216 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTEY.
iier in which you have received me. Yon may be assured
that my heart turns kindly toward Massachusetts as well as
Massachusetts soldiers. I have had more Massachusetts men
under my command, proportionately, than men from any other
State in the Union. I have always found the men loyal, gal-
lant soldiers ; and have never called upon them to perform a
duty which they had not willingly and efficiently done. I
have never seen a Massachusetts regiment turn its back upon
the enemy. I have never seen the soldiers or officers of a
Massachusetts regiment waver or shake under any trial that
has been brought to bear upon them."
General Burnside then spoke at some length upon
general issues. At the close, the regiment fell in, and
marched to Coolidge Block, Court Street, where the
arms and equipments were deposited, and the men
were furloughed for their thirty days.
"The noble ovation," said the "Post," "awarded by a
grateful community yesterday to the Second Kegiment,
was characterized by a scene in Faneuil Hall so unusual
as to make a marked occasion, even for that renowned
place. The galleries were crowded, the fair sex being
well represented : the military occupied the floor ; and
a brilliant official cortege filled the platform. All
around, in festoons, were bright national ensigns that
had seen but peaceful service. By the side of the plat-
form was the dingy regimental flag which the veterans
had borne throuoh the smoke and carnage of their bat-
es o
ties. It never fell ! For, as the death-shot struck one
bearer, another would rush to seize it as it was falling,
and so it was ever borne up and ever borne on. It was
the silent, eloquent, powerful orator of the occasion, —
HOME AND BACK. 217
a touching witness of tlic valor of the tloatl and of the
living. The words uttered were brief and direct, and
were lit^tened to, as the honored dead were named, in
solemn silence and in tears ; or, as the heroism was
remembered, they met electric responses. The fervent
prayer of Dr. Lothrop ; the brief welcome of the
mayor ; the felicitous recital of the work done by the
regiment, by the governor ; and the grateful and soldier-
like acknowledo;ment of the colonel, — were feeling and
impressive. . . . Then the veterans and their fine escort
left the hall. Their healthy, robust look ; their jaunty
marching and military bearing, indicative of high disci-
pline, — won warm encomiums. There have been
many occasions of deep interest, but none with more of
the moral and the sublime than the touching and inspir-
ing I'ounding off of a just ovation to the Second
Massachusetts Regiment in Faneuil Hall."
It was ardently hoped that the regiment might be
recruited to its maximum. The officers were ready to
enter into the work ; and the assurance was given by
noble and liberal friends that all moneys needed should
be furnished. But it was immediately found that the
orders of the AVar Department were such, that General
Hancock had control of enlistments, to fill up the corps
he was raising. This put an effectual block in the way,
which no efforts at the proper quarters could remove.
It was a sad result to the regiments ; but matters were
put in such train, that recruits were subsequently raised
and forwarded. This effort will be noticed further on.
On Monday (the 22d), the regiment reported at
218 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Beach-street barracks. On Tuesday, at half-past four,
P.M., it left Boston. At Albany hi the morninf^ ; left
Buffalo at half-past eleven, p.m. ; left Cleveland at nme,
A.M., Thursday; reached Gallon at noon, and left at
half-past three ; at Indianapolis at ten, A.M., Friday, and
left at nhie, P.M. ; at Louisville Saturday morning, left
at half-past four; at Nashville, seven, A.M., Sunday,
and left at half-past four, Monday, p.m., in execrable
cars through whose roofs the rain poured steadily ;
reached Tullahoma at half-past two, Tuesday morning,
and in a drenching rain met the officers of the detach-
ment left behind, who by the light of lanterns led the
men to shelter.
On that day the returned men went into camp with
the companies remaining, who had been moved from
Elk River to Tullahoma. Here was General Slocum's
headquarters ; also General Williams's and General
Ruger's, — corps, division, and brigade. Colonel Cogs-
well was made post-commandant, and (Lieutenant-
Colonel Morse being on the staff of General Slocum)
]\Iajor Francis commanded the regiment.
FOR ATLANTA. 219
XYIII.
FOR ATLANTA.
Life was uniform at Tullahoma. Usual duty went on,
— guard-mounting, drill, and parade. Captain Parker
was provost ; Quartermaster Sawyer, post quarter-
master ; Adjutant Fox, post adjutant. Divers dances,
several excursions to cave and waterfall, and such like,
â– saried the monotony ; while the })risoners tossed each
new-comer in a blanket. The Christian Commission
meetings were well attended. - Everybody got vac-
cinated, beoause the smallpox was raging in the post
hospital near by. The soldier's graveyard was put in
order by the chaplain, by direction of Colonel Cogs-
well ; although none of the Second lay there. Boards
were tolerably plenty after the colonel had conscripted
a sawmill. Guerillas made a raid a few miles off,
and tore up the railroad, and shot a few prisoners they
had taken. General Slocum had a reception or two.
The Twenty-seventh Indiana came to Tullahoma, the
other regiments of the brigade being scattered up and
down. Colonel Cogswell remained post commandant,
until April 11th, when Colonel Colgrove succeeded.
General Grant was in command of the Departments
220 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
of the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Ohio, which he had
assumed on the 19th of October, 1863 ; General George
H. Thomas commanding the Army of the Cumberland
(in which was the Twelfth Coi'ps), relieving General
Rosecrans. General Thomas, — whom the country
knows, — the Second had seen while under General
Patterson in 1861. General Sherman commanded the
Army of the Tennessee. On the 12th of March, Lieu-
tenant-General Grant was assigned to the command of
the armies of the United States ; and General Wm. T.
Sherman succeeded General Grant in command of the
Armies of Ohio, the Cumberland, and the Tennessee, —
to the last of which, General McPherson was assigned.
On the 4th of April, the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps
were consolidated. The order gave the number "First"
to the corps thus formed, but it was soon changed to that
of "Twentieth." General Hooker was assigned to its
command. The corps badge of the Twelfth — that of
a five-pointed star — was adopted as that of the new
corps, on the generous suggestion of officers of the
Eleventh. Generals Howard (of the Eleventh) and
Slocum (of the Twelfth) were thus relieved from
command, and were assigned to other duty, — General
Howard to the Fourth, in place of Gordon Granger;
and General Slocum to report at Vicksburg. The
divisions of the Twentieth were commanded thus : First,
General A. S. Williams ; Second, General John W.
Geary ; Third, General Daniel Butterfield.
The relieving of General Slocum was a disappoint-
ment to his corps. They had proved his ability.
FOR ATLANTA. 221
Before his leaving, the officers of the Second and of
tlic other regiments at the post, called upon him to
pay their respects, — in the evening of April 7. The
excellent band of the brigade gave the music. Gen-
eral Slocum, who resided in the summer residence of
Judge Catron, — house delightfully situated on the brow
of the hill overlooking the creek, — soon appeared at
the door. Colonel Cogswell addressed him, and ex-
pressed the feelings of the large number of officers
well, as follows : — .
" General Slocum : The ofRcers of my own regiment, as
well as many of those at this post, have desired me to act
as their representative in expressing to you their feelings on
your retiring from the command of this corps. To act as
their representative gives me great pleasure, but, on this
occasion, it is to perform a duty Avliich is indeed most sad
and unpleasant. I cannot tell you with how much regret we
have lieard the order that takes you from us as our com-
mander. An officer who has shown himself so much a soldier
in the camp and on the field, and so much a gentleman in his
quarters, as you have, cannot leave his command without the
bitter and heartfelt regrets of every officer and man in it ; and
I assure you, that, wherever you may go, you cannot go where
their blessing will not follow you as long as you live. To bid
' good bye ' to you, sir, is to bid ' good bye ' to one for whom
we have feelings of the highest respect, in whom we luive the
most perfect confidence, and whom we believe to be our tru-
est and best friend. "Words are useless. Your own con-
sciousness .of having at all times done your whole duty
teaches you, that you have won our highest admiration and
esteem, and that you cannot leave us witliout our sincerest
regrets ; and our presence here to-night sliows you, that we
have tried to appreciate your manly and soldierly qualities.
222 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS ^NTANTEY.
In bidding you ' good bye,' we ask that you will try to secure
for us our old corps-badge. And, again, in bidding you fare-
well, we ask that God's blessing may always be with you."
Every word was true. The General replied, but it
was impossible to reduce to writing the kind response,
it was so broken with emotion. Some could see, as
the liohts flashed anions^ the trees, the tears on the
cheek of the brave and beloved lea^der. He invited
the ofhcers all into his quarters, where the entire evening
was socially spent.
A review took place on Friday, at which the general
addressed a few words of parting to the men whom he
had always been proud to lead, — the bronzed veterans
of many hard battlefields.
The departure of General Slocum returned Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Morse to the regiment.
On the 27th of April, came orders to move "to-mor-
row." "Five days' rations, three in haversacks, and
two in Avagons. And also sixty rounds of cartridges,
forty in boxes and twenty in wagons. The ' General '
will be sounded at eight, a.m., to-morrow, and the
'Assembly' at nine." That noon, the thermometer
stood at 89°, but it rained in the night. "To-morrow"
came, and with it a regiment to relieve the Second.
The regiment broke camp, and at nine, a.m., was on
the road. The movement to Atlanta was begun.
Camped that evening at Declierd ; rain in the night.
Moved next day north-easterly ; down in the low
ground, and over the rough Breakfield Hill, through
maple, hickory, and black oak ; halted awliile at the
FOR ATLANTA. 223
site of the famous iinljiiilt '' University of the South,"
and inspected the shattered corner-stone ; camped a
mile or two onward, where Sheridan lay the summer
before ; and experienced a flooding thunder-storm in the
night. On the 30th, moved early ; down a long descent,
— it rained at eleven o'clock, — up a long ascent, and
then down the steepest and roughest of attempted
roads, where the wagons had to be let down by ropes ;
then into the beautiful valley of Battle Creek, and
camped near the creek, about eight miles above Bridge-
port. ]Mustered for payment that evening. The next
day, little more than three miles brought the troops in
sight of the Tennessee, and, on an apparently partly-
built railway, the regiment followed its course to
Bridgeport ; crossed the Tennessee ; drew rations on
the south bank ; kept on until after dark, and camped
near Xickajack Cave, which was inspected next morning.
]\lcPherson was at Bridgeport that day. On the 2d,
reached AVhiteside. Assistant Surgeon Nichols was
detailed to the Twenty-seventh Indiana. On the 3d,
went by way of AVauhatchie, around the north of
Lookout, on a new and roughly macadamized array-
road, to three miles south of Chattanooga. On the 4th,
— passing by the house where John Ross was born,
and restinoj on the battle-ground of Chickamauga at
noon, — camped by Gordon's Mills, on the Chicka-
mauga Creek. Our Third Brigade had joined us. On
the 5th, left at half-past six, a.3I. ; five miles found
Peavine Church ; passed Leet's Mills, and bivouacked,
in position, back of Taylor's liidge. Tunnel Hill was
224 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
four miles the other side of the ridge ; and seven
hundred men, from the First Division, that night
picketed the ridge, wliich was disputed ground. How-
ard, Fourth Corps, was moving out towards Tunnel Hill
on our left. We were getting near the enemy. On the
morning of the 6th, the Army of the Ohio was near
Red Clay, directly north of Dalton ; the Army of the
Cumberland at Ringgold and westward ; the Army of
the Tennessee, near and beyond Gordon's Mills.
Sherman had brought the scattered corps of his army
together for his great campaign.
The army numbered 98,797 men and 254 guns.
The army of the Cumberland, iSIajor-General Thomas,
included the Fourth Corps, General Howard ; the Four-
teenth, General John j\I. Palmer ; and the Twentieth,
General Hooker; infantry, 54,5(38; artillery, 2,377;
cavalry, 3,828 ; total, 60,773, and 130 guns. The
Army of the Tennessee, Major-General JNIcPherson,
included the Fifteenth Corps , General Logan ; part of
the Sixteenth, General Dodge ; and part of the Seven-
teenth, General Blair; infantry, 22,437; artillery,
1,404; cavalry, 624; total, 24,465, and 96 guns.
Of the Army of the Ohio, was only the Twenty-third
Corps, General Schofield ; infantry, 11,183 ; artillery,
679; cavalry, 1,697; total, 13,559, and 28 guns.^
On the 6th of May, transportation was cut down to
one wagon to each regiment. The original twenty-
five, which left home, had, by successive reductions,
1 Shermau and bis Campaigns, p. 181.
FOR ATLANTA. 225
come to tlic last point, to the great advantage of cam-
paigning.
On tlie Gth, lay quiet on the creek, — Faught's Creek.
General Thomas came along. General Hooker was
himself at Leet's Mills in the morning. On the 7th,
left at five, a.m. ; took the Alabama Koacl to Nickajack
trace, then followed that over Taylor's Kidge, and west
to Trickum Post-office, — the advance meeting a slight
opposition, and making some noise with their musketry.
The corps were in this order from left to right, — 23d,
4th, 14th, 20th, and McPherson. Kilpatrick's Cavalry
was out in front. Rocky Face Ridge, which the rebels
held, cleft by Buzzard's Roost Gap, was in sight.
On Sunday (the 8th), public worship was held in the
morning, afternoon, and evening. At other hours,
the men idly watched the puffs of smoke from the
enemy's guns at Buzzard's Roost as they replied to
artillery on our left. On Monday, heard heavy firing
on both right and left. Newton's Division of the
Fourth Corps carried the ridge, but found the crest too
narrow to reach the gorge ; Geary made a bold push for
the summit, but found it too strongly held, and his
wounded went along by us.
]Mean\vhile amusing the enemy in front. General
Sherman had sent, on that day, McPherson through
Snake-creek Gap upon Resaca ; which he came near on
the 9th, but did not occupy. He fell back to the Gap,
and the Twentieth Corps was ordered to join him, to
be followed by the Fourteenth Corps and Schofield.
The Second moved half an hour after midnight, in the
16
226 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS IXFANTEY.
morning of tlie 10th ; followed a road in the valleys to
the gap ; halted in the rain ; in the afternoon went
nearly through the gap, and camped. At nine, p.m., a
severe rain-storm flooded the valley. Remained in the
same place on the 11th, — the remainder of the army
(except the Fourth Corps, which was left in front of
Dalton) coming through the gap. A steady stream
of men passed on, as they did all the next day. The
enemy were moving out of Dalton, and then* trains
could be seen from the ridge.
On the 11th, Captain Howard, formerly of the
Second, dropped into camp. He was chief signal
officer of McPherson.
On the 13th, broke camp at six, a.m., and moved out
two or three miles. The whole army was in the plain
between Snake-creek Gap and Resaca. Heard the
noise of Howard's guns as he was pressing the rebel
rear above and through Dalton. Firing was also heard
on the right. That day, Avent some miles towards
Resaca, and the troops were in position.
About five o'clock, on the morning of the 14th, there
was considerable firing. Brisk skirmishing was kept up
in front all the forenoon. The rebel army was in posi-
tion behind Camp Creek, and occupying strong works
previously built for such an emergency, their left resting
on the Austanaula a little west of Resaca, and their line
curving again to the river, which makes here a sharp
bend. At one o'clock, the fire grew furious, and so
continued for two hours. INIcPherson, on the right,
was driving Polk's Corps from the hills that commanded
FOR ATLANTA. 227
tlic railroad and trestle bridges, while Thomas was
pressing the enemy along the creek. At four o'clock, the
fire rc-opcned with severity. At sunset it was heavy,
but ]McPlicrson kept the hills. The Second, in the
morning, had spent some time in changing position ;
in the afternoon, it had thrown up works, according to
orders ; but it was not engaged. In the early part of
the night, it was moved a couple of miles towards the
left of the line, where the Fourth Corps had been
hcavil}' engaged. Schofield (Twenty-third Corps) had
come in on the left, towards the river; the Twentieth
Corps was next ; then Howard, with the Fourth Corps ;
then Fourteenth ; and then McPlierson.
The night was tolerably quiet ; but the battle-field
smell in the low ground was annoying,-^ that indescriba-
ble odor in marshy land, after a battle in hot days.
The morning of the 15th was also quiet. But in the
forenoon came an order to send a regiment on reconnois-
sance. The rebel works were so hidden and complica-
ted in the woods as to render it difficult to know their
position. For this delicate service, in bi'oad daylight,
the Second Massachusetts was selected.
There was a dead silence when the regiment laid
down knapsacks, and went off into the woods, double
column on the centre. Colonel Cogswell put out skir-
mishers and flankers, and some engineers were with the
regiment. They proceeded three-quarters of a mile ;
discovered what they were sent to ascertain, — whether
a particular hill was held in force by the enemy, as it
was ; encountered the rebel's entrenched outposts, and
22S SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY.
drew their fire. The volley Avas heard by the brigade.
Its result was awaited in painful suspense. Soon the
regiment emerged, with two Avounded.
Butterfield's Division was immediately moved for-
ward. It was an hour before the battle opened. The
key-point had been found, a height crowned with a
strong work, and held by artillery. Soon "Williams's
Division was moved on at double-quick, and joined the
left of Butterfield. The attack of the latter was upon
the hill. Of Williams's Division, the 1st Brigade was
on the right, the 2d next, the 3d on the left. The line
curved round the base of the hill. On the left of the
3d Brigade Avas cavalry, soon replaced by a brigade of
the 23d Corj)s. Of the 3d Brigade, the regiments ran
from left to right, thus : 27th Indiana, Second INIassa-
chusetts, 3d Wisconsin, 150th Ncav York, 13th New
Jersey. The line was formed, but soon moved on an
eighth of a mile to the front edge of a Avood, — a field
with standing AA^heat before it. Connections Avere kept'
Avith Butterfield Avho Avas busy on the right, and the
brigade again moved across the field, and into a Avood
which coA'cred an ascending slope. Colonel Colgrove
soon went forAvard to the skirmish line, and discerned
the enemy pouring out of their Avorks in force. He
immediately led his regiment uj) the slope, accompanied
by the Second. The regiments on the left moved
forAvard also, Avheeling a little to the right, and across
the road. The rebels met both lines, and an unexpected
fire. It Avas so furious that they fell back in disorder,
followed by the brigade, and Avere driven into their
FOR ATLANTA. 229
works. Tlie bni;:ule again took its position. Twice
more, ut intervals, the enemy came ont in force; and
both times were met on the crest, and driven back with
shmiihter, leaving their dead a,nd wounded.
The losses were comparatively few in number, but
they could illy be spared. Xo officers were killed or
wounded. Of the enlisted men, Morrissey, of F,
was killed ; Greenough, of B ; Aborn and Corporal
Ivowe, of C; Lcary, of D; and Cr'onin and Pierson,
of I, were mortally wounded. AVounded not mortally,
— Morse ( A. ) and ]\Iinor, of A ; Lovejoy and
Kenny (^M.), of B; Murray, of C; Leary, Corporal
King (O. M.), Pierce (II. S.), Corporal Priest, and
Sergeant Thompson, of D ; Greenwood and Metcalf
(G. O.), of E; Bohman and Lawson, of G; Mur-
phy (John 1st) and Smith (Wm.), of 11 ; Pierson,
of I ; and Springer, of K.
That night the Second rested under the slope. The
six hundred wounded of the First Division were back
in the division hospital, where Surgeon Heath and
others of the division worked all night. Kebel wounded
were there also, and received the same care as the men
of the division.
In the night there was a sudden outbreak of artillery,
but it soon ceased. In the morning, it was found that
the rebels had evacuated. One of Sherman's flanking
o[)crations, across the river below, had necessitated their
removal. The whole army immediately followed. The
I'orps moved by diti'erent roads, and crossed at different
places. The Second Massachusetts, jifter a blunder of
230 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS TNTANTRY.
somebody above, who led the division wrong, })ent east-
ward, and crossed the river by a temporary bridge about
due east of Resaca ; went on to the Coosa wattee, and
camped on its northern bank. On the 17th, crossed the
river in the rain, and marched eight miles towards Cass-
ville. Fighting was heard off on the right : it was that
of Xewton's Division near Adairsville. On the ISth,
roused at three, a.m. ; moved at nine o'clock ; halted on
a hill, and prepared to camp ; ordered on again, and, by
crooked roads, finished twenty miles, camping north-
east of Kingston, and not far from Cassville.
The enemy was strongly fortified at Cassville, and
occupied that place in force. Johnston had determined to
risk a battle there, and had ordered all the inhabitants
out of the village. On the 19th, it was approached.
General Schofield was on the left, then the Twentieth
Corps, and McPherson in supporting distance near
Kino'ston. After marchino^ three or four miles through
o o o
woods, the corps suddenly emerged into open ground in
front of a range of successive hills ; and, formed in line
of battle, moved forward. Skirmishers were busy in
front, and there was a slight artillery fire. The corps
pressed on, and drove the rebels out of two or three suc-
cessive lines of breastworks among the hills. After sun-
set, the troops came out into a plain in front of the
village, just back of which were the rebel works. The
enemy occupied the village, and those of the Second
which chanced to be directly in front of the town pressed
up to within a few yards of an orchard in which the rebel
skirmishers lay. Firing took place, and on the left the
FOR ATLANTA. 231
blaze of nuiskctry was decidedly lively, while soldiers
were ringing- the bell of a deserted seminary just at the
edge of the town. Works of rails were hastily thrown
up, and the men were under arras.
l>ut, when the sun rose, the rebels had left the town.
Johnston, it is reliably stated, could not depend on his
corps commanders, who declared they could hold
neither flank. So he left in the night.
General Sherman here gave his army a few days' rest,
and ©Importunity to get some supplies. The Second
remiined at Cassville.
Hn'c the men not re-enlisting, with seven officers, left
camp for the North. It was a scene of deep emotion
when the brave comrades separated. Regarding the
men caving, General AVilliams issued the following
order —
Headquarters Fiust Division Twextieth Corps,
Cassville, Ga., May 22, 1S64.
SpecialOrders, No. 21.
[Extract.]
The officers and eulisted men of Second Massachusetts
Volunter Infantiy whose term of service expires on the 22d
inst. beiig about to leave the division, the brigadier-general
commaiJing embraces the occasion to acknowledge, in an
official 3rni, tlie marked gallantry, uniform good conduct,
suijerionlisciphnc, and constant fideHty to duty, which have
charactcized them during the long period they have been
under h; command.
lie jirts from tlicm with the deepest regret, and with the
most coilial wishes for the future prosperity and happiness of
each ind'idual.
The icollections of their severe trials and suiFerings, of
their poient and heroic endurance, and of the many great
232 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
battles in which they liave borne a distinguished part during
the tlu-ee years of active duty in the field, will prove, he
ventures to hope, not only a source of honest pride, but an
endearing incentive to a future life of pure and devoted
patriotism, of honorable personal conduct, Avorthy of the dis-
tinguished name they have so faithfully won in the cause of
union.
By command of
Brigadier-Geneeal a. S. Williams,
Commanding Division.
S. E. PiTTMAN, Captain and A. A. G.
For the few days of rest, General Thomas's army
was at and about Cassville ; General Scliofield'* at
Cassville Station, and Howard's at Etowah Briige;
and General McPherson at Kingston, about iight
miles east of Cassville ; while General J. C. I)avis
had got Rome with its forts, mills, and foundries./
The enemy held Alatoona Pass, a formidable position
on the railway, southward. Sherman determiied to
turn it by a circuit to the right, — that is, west wail. He
loaded the wagons with forage and subsisterfce for
twenty days, and left the raihvay on the 23d oi May.
General Thomas's army Avas to go by way_ of Elharlee
and Burnt Hickory, being the central of thj three
columns.
The Second left Cassville at four, a.m., ]\iy 23,
in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, an( made
about ten miles in a very hot and dusty day, learing
distant cannonade. It crossed the Etowah about
noon, on pontoons. Marched all the next f-y, as
guard to the division ordnance trains, passic; over
FOR ATLANTA. 233
the Alatoona Hills ; and lay all night in the rain, on the
south side of Kaccoon Creek, some distance in rear of
the corps. Started at daylight on the 25th, in the cold
and wet ; rejoined the brigade ; crossed Pumpkin-vine
Creek, and went to within three miles of Dallas, where
the division faced about, marched to the rear, re-crossed
the creek, and mo^•ed to the left to the sup})ort of
General Geary. Hooker, with Geary's Division, had
encountered the enemy on a parallel road, and had a
severe encounter. He got his other divisions up from
the other I'oads, about four p.m., and, by Sherman's
order, " made a bold push to secure possession of New-
Hope Church, where three roads, from Ackworth, Mari-
etta, and Dallas, meet." A hard battle was fought with
Stewart's Division of Hood's Corps, but the enemy was
covered by earthworks. A stormy and dark night set in,
and Hooker was unable to accomplish his purpose.
The Second was not engaged. When it re-crossed
Pumpkin-vine Creek, it was left Avith a battery, by
special detail from General Hooker, to destroy the
bridge just crossed, and hold tlie position against the
possible passage of any of the enemy by that road,
from Dallas. It was thus prevented from participating
in the bloody battle of that day, in which its division
suffered severely.
On the 2nth, 27th, and 28th, the regiment remained
in the same position at the crossing. On the morning
of the 27th, it heard heavy firing on the left. Four-
teen recruits arrived from Massachusetts that day.
These were the first instalment of recruits raised by
234 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
special efforts of friends in Massachusetts. In connec-
tion with this effort, in \Yhich Wm. F. Oakey, Esq., of
New York, warmly assisted, the following paper should
be preserved, although it records the names of only a
portion of the subscribers : —
To the Friends of the Second Regiment.
The Massachusetts Second Infantry Regiment was raised
in April, 1861, at the suggestion, and with the co-operation
of very many of our prominent citizens. It is now the oldest
volunteer organization in the United-States service. Its repu-
tation for thorough discipline, patient endurance, heroic gal-
lantry, and entire efficiency, was early acquired, and has
never been lost.
Notwithstanding its gi'eat labors and services already ren-
dered, the regiment has re-enlisted for another term of three
years ; but, in May, when the first term expires, it will have
only about two hundred officers and men. Now, volunteering,
however brisk it may be in general, will not, without some
special stimulus, fill its ranks. The State may meet all tlie
calls of the President, and yet this regiment, and others such
as this, may receive very little benefit. This is the universal
experience of those acquainted with recruiting. The organ-
ization and efficiency of this regiment cannot, therefore, be
preserved, without the aid of private enterprise. Will not the
glory of its history, the dear memories of the brave hearts
that have fallen fighting under its flag, its value to the service,
and the credit it has always gained for the State, stimulate its
friends to this work ? To this should be added the special
consideration, tliat the regiment is now with the Army of the
Cumberland, and the only IMassachusetts regiment in the
Twelfth Corps. The Western regiments, with whom it
serves, have been recruited largely ; and it becomes, in some
sort, a matter of State pride, that this representative organiza-
tion from Massachusetts, should also be recruited.
FOR ATLANTA. ^35
The most efficient Avay of accomplislun- this work, is to
raise a fund, with which to pay a small premium, varymj? m
amount, from time to ti.ne, but averaging about ;>20 for eacli
recruit, in addition to the regular bounties. Two hundred
and f.fty men -a valuable addition to the regiment- would,
at this rate, cost about $5,000. Shall not that sum, at least.
The Treasurer has already received, and herewith acknowl-
edges, the following contributions, and is happy to state that
twenty-five recruits, obtained in the manner set forth, arc now
in camp.
Contributions may be sent to
Robert JVI. Morse, Jr.
Barrister's Ilall, 7, Court Square, Boston.
Boston, April 1, 1864.
" George Ticknor, . . 50 „ 28, Mr. G R. Russe 1, . 50
" ;5,Wmiaa.I)wi.ht, . . 50 „ 29, VV. F. Gary, N.l. •
; 16, William Ferlcins, . . 100 „ „ Mr.^a'--;'' " " ' " 'I
" it; Samuel Frothingham, 25 Apr. 1, Dan'l G. Bacon, N.Y. 100
19, Wm. jMountford, . . 25
On the 28th, heavy firing along nearly the Avhole line.
The regiment was surrounded by the wounded of the
Fifteenth Corps.
On the 29th, pursuant to orders from division head-
quarters, the regiment started back for Kingston, as
escort to a train of a hundred and seventeen wagons,
laden witli wounded men of the Twentieth Corps.
After a tedious march over the Allatoona Mountains,
reached Kingston at noon on the 31st. The regiment
remained in camp there until June 4th, when, the
.vaoon-trains of the whole army having been refilled
236 SECOND 3IASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY.
with supplies, the Second, with many other regiments,
started to guard them back to tlieir commands. On
this march back. Captain Crowninshield was wounded
by guerrilhis, June 6th, at Raccoon Ci'eek : it was his
fourth wound. The regiment reached its brigade on
the 8th, which it found in front of the enemy's strong
position on Lost ]Mountain : it brought back sixty
recruits.
During the absence of the Second, General Sherman's
operations, working to the left continually, had turned
Allatoona Pass ; the enemy, on the 4th, had abandoned
their entrenchments at New-Hope Church, and moved
back to Lost ^Mountain ; General Sherman had occupied
Ack worth, and reached railway, south of the pass, on
the 6th ; had determined to fortify and garrison the
pass as a secondary base. The railway bridge over
the Etowah was rebuilding, and supplies soon came by
rail.
The army was in front of the mountain chain held by
the enemy, in which they covered jNIarietta. Pine
Mountain formed the apex, and Kenesaw and Lost
Mountains the base of a triangle. On each peak, the
enemy had signal stations. On the 9th of June, Gene-
ral Sherman moved forward, — jNIcPherson tov/ards
Marietta, his right on the railway ; Thomas on Kenesaw
and Pine ^lountains ; and Schofield off towards Lost
Mountain, — cavalry on the left, and cavalry on the right,
and McCook looking to the rear and communications.
In this movement, the Second found itself on the 11th
confrontinu' Pine Mountain. It formed its line in the
FOR ATLANTA. 237
woods, and built heavy breastworks directly under
the enemy's batteries, who opened fire. It was a rainy
day. So it was on the 12th. Rained all night. The
ground was a mere swamp. On the 14th, the mud
dried somewhat. Firing from near General Thomas's
headquarters. In the sharp cannonading from Hooker's
left and Howard's right, the rebel Polk was killed. On
the 15th, steady firing. The enemy left their position on
Pine Mountain. Thomas and Schofield advanced, and
found them strongly entrenched on the line of rugged
hills connecting Kenesaw and Lost Mountains. At two,
P.M., the Second moved to the right, and advanced;
but the division (tlie First) was in reserve, though it
had a few wounded, while the Second Di\ision was
heavily engaged. Operations were pushed on the 16th ;
heavy firing of artillery and infantry ; the lines (includ-
ing those of the Second) were pushed close to the
enemy's works. The rebel shells fell into tlie hospital,
and the wounded were sheltered beliind the breastworks.
The firing had hardly ever been equalled in the experi-
ence of the regiment. The rebels were forced to
evacuate on the morning of the 17th. The skirmishers
of the Second (with the other forces) advanced, and
drove the enemy into their next line, where the Second
halted, and threw up new works. It rained all the 18th :
the Fourtli Corps was firing, but tlicre was no general
engagement, and the wounded of the Twentieth Corps
were being sent back. It rained all night, and the
roads were in a horrible condition. The enemy, on
tlie I'Jlh, had i'alkn back, — their centre (Loring's) on
238 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Kencsaw ; their right (Hood's) covering Marietta,
resting on the Marietta and Canton Road ; their left
(Hardee's) across the Lost jM(5untain and Marietta
Road, behind Nose's Creek. The Second was moved
up, and threw up new works on the 19th, — in doing
which, First Lieutenant Lord, a young and gallant
officer, was mortally wounded. The position of the
regiment was south of Kenesaw. Heavy firing on
the 20th, and steady rain. The brigade moved about
three miles to the right, and built works again. On
the 21st, rain : the line was slightly changed, and
new works built. On the 2 2d, firing as usual. About
three, p.m., a very severe fire of artillery and infantry.
A movement had been just made to the right and
forward, when Hood suddenly fell upon the division,
and on a division of Schofield's. He drove in the
skirmishers ; but, on nearing the lines, received a
severe repulse, and fell back, leaving dead, wounded,
and prisoners. The Second, though in the first line,
was not engaged, the attack extending not quite so
far to the right, but it had two men wounded in
the skirmish line, — Gould, of B; and another. Du-
ring the 2od, 24th, and 25th, the regiment was undis-
turbed. On the 2()th, moved a short distance to the
left, and entrenched. Was near a brook, and bathing
was a luxury. On the 27th, the men were spectators
of the unsuccessful assault upon Kenesaw. The regi-
ment, having moved in the morning, was vmder a
heavy artillery fire all day, but laid low ; at night went
back to yesterday's position. On the next two days,
FOR ATLANTA. 239
they were quiet ; but the rebels made an unsuccessful
attack on the Fourth Corps.
There was occasional firing on the 30th. On the 1st
of July, Colonel Cogswell, who had been away since
May 23, returned with near a hundred recruits, and took
the command which Lieutenant-Colonel INIorse had skil-
fully held in his absence. The regiment was in front of
Marietta.
The enemy's left had been turned by McPherson.
To prevent losing communication with Atlanta, the
rebels abandoned Kencsaw, and fell back on the 2d ;
and, on the 3d, Thomas's Army was moved towards the
railway, and turned south towards the Chattahoochie.
The Second moved rapidly on to three miles beyond
Marietta ; the pickets of the division, under Lieutenant-
Colonel ]\Iorse, being pushed forward as skirmishers,
had some brisk fighting ; and, on the 4th, moved into
position in front of tlie enemy's lines at Smyrna Church.
During the night of the 4tli, and morning of the 5th,
the enemy fell back five miles to still another line of
defences, with his flanks resting on the Chattahoochie.
The Twentieth Corps advanced (in front of the point
where the railway crossed the river) on the 6th ; the
Second moving over rough roads, and through powerful
works deserted by the enemy, and camping in the
woods that night. On the 7th, moved to the left.
The weather came on hot. Insects were savage. But
Atlanta was in sight.
There was firing alon"; the lines on the 0th. That
night, Johnston, finding that Sherman had secured
240 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY.
three good places of crossing the river, crossed the
Chattahoocliie ; and left its north bank to the national
troops, whose pickets advanced to the banks.
The troops needed rest, and it was allowed. Black-
berries were plenty. Changed camp on the loth.
But, on the 17th, the Second crossed on pontoons, five
miles north of the railway bridge. Advanced on the
18th, through a heavily wooded and hilly country, to
near Buckhead, within seven miles of Atlanta, and due
north. On the 19th, marched to Peach-tree Creek ; on
the 20th, crossed it, under artillery fire, advanced a
mile and a half, and went into position, — Tenney, of
C, wounded. All the armies had closed in, converging
towards Atlanta.
In the afternoon of the 20th, about four o'clock, Avas
the bloody battle of Peach-tree Creek. The enemy
sallied from his works in great force, and fell upon the
right centre of the army, comprising a division of
Ploward, Williams's of Hooker's, and one of Palmer's.
Williams's Division was without cover ; but, after a
severe action, drove the enemy back to his entrench-
ments, losing five hundred killed and wounded. The
Second was not engaged, being in the second line ; but
it had one ofiScer, Captain N. D. A. Sawyer, severely
wounded, and one enlisted man wounded, in the skir-
mish line.
On the morning of the 2 2d, it was found that the
enemy had abandoned the line of Peach-tree Creek, and
fallen back to the line of redoubts which formed the
immediate defence of Atlanta. The army crossed
FOR ATLANTA. 241
the creek, and closed in upon the town, — Thomas on
the rifjht. The Second built breastworks close to the
enemy, and under his fire. Cothran, of A, was
wounded. That day, the enemy attacked the left in
force, and McPherson fell.
The regiment remained in its works. Officers climbed
trees occasionally, and took a look into Atlanta. On
the 27th, the Thirteenth New Jersey did a handsome
thing in front of the picket line, capturing prisoners,
and burning buildings. On the 28th, General Hooker
left the corps. He felt aggrieved by the appointment
of Howard to succeed McPherson. General A. S.
Williams took command of the corps, to serve until
General Slocum, the corps' old commander, should
return, who was immediately summoned from Yicks-
burg.
At daybreak, on the morning of July 30, Lieutenant-
Colonel Morse, field officer of the day, surprised the
enemy's pickets in his front, and captured seventy-two
in their rifle-pits. The Second was inunediately ordered
to support. The regiment moved rapidly forward, occu-
pied the hill which had just been taken from tlie enemy,
and hastily erected breastworks. This position brought
the regiment within two hundred yards of one of the
enemy's forts, from which a close and hot fire was
immediately opened from artillery, infantry, and sharp-
shooters. Repeated attempts were made to retake
the hill, but the enemy were effectually and steadily
repulsed. The regiment held the position, replying
eticctually to the fire. After sLx: hom-s of successful
16
242 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
service, and firing two hundred rounds per man, the
Second was relieved by the Thirteenth New Jersey. It
returned to its own works, with a loss of but tliree
men killed, and five wounded. In these works, killed,
— Goodwin, of C; Khoux, of E; and Lennon, of I.
Mortally wounded, — Sergeant Reed, of E. Wounded,
not mortally, — Caffrey, Munson, and Corporal McCaw-
ley, of E ; and Sergeant MeCafii-ey, of I. On the 1st of
August, Benson, of I, was mortally Avounded ; Dillon,
of F, wounded (by shell) ; on the 3d, Moran, of C,
was wounded ; and on the 14th, Burgess, of H. In
these works the regiment remained under fire, day and
nio'ht, until the 25th. Recruits came Auo-ust 9th. On
the 13th, a large fire in Atlanta-
While in these works, Surgeon Heath, who had
become sick by his indefatigable service, was sent back
to Chattanooga. Faithful to the last, he worked when
he should have rested. His disease proved fiital, and
he died at Chattanooga on the 28th of August. One
of the best surgeons in the army, "a fiiithful, conscien-
tious, efficient officer, of superior qualifications," said
the official report, " he wore himself out in his country's
service. The regiment has met with no heavier loss in
its experience." His last entry in his diary, made while
sick in front of Atlanta, says, "Colonel Cogswell and
other officers came to see me to-day." When he died,
men of the Second, hardy and true, shed tears.
On the 25th of August, in the course of Sherman's
operations on the Atlanta railways, the Twentieth
Corps moved back to the Chattahoochie : the Second
FOR ATLANTA. 243
was stationed in a fort whicli covered the railway bridge
on that river.
On the 2Gth, General Slocuni reached the corps, in
command of wliich lie had been replaced. Riding
along the lines, he was received with the greatest
enthusiasm .
Thirty recruits came on the 31st. About midnight,
on the 1st of September, explosions were heard in
Atlanta. Whether it was an attack or an evacuation
was unknown. Reconnoissance discovered that it was
the latter. The Second Division entered the city in
the morning. And about dark the Second Massachu-
setts entered, with music playing ; camped in the
city park, and Colonel Cogswell was appointed post-
commandant of Atlanta.
244 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY.
XIX.
TO THE SEA.
The Second found rest in Atlanta. In this brilliant
campaign, possibly Sherman's greatest, the army had
encountered an active enemy, led by the greatest
General of the rebel armies ; had found fortifications all
the way from Chattanooga ; had been in an enemy's
country, at an immense distance from any possible
help ; and had experienced the severest hardships and
exposures. The Second had been in a continuous
movement of a hundred and twenty-nine days. It
had been under the enemy's fire for successive weeks,
and had acquitted itself in a way suited to its
record.
Colonel Cogswell was post-commandant at Atlanta,
and acquitted himself to the satisfaction of the com-
manding General.^ Lieutenant-Colonel Morse was
returned by General Slocum, to the position of provost-
marshal, and Lieutenant McAlpine was his assistant.
Major Francis was still inspector, on the staff of Gene-
ral Williams. Adjutant Fox was post-adjutant. The
1 Couversation of the writer with General Sherman.
TO THE SEA. 245
command of the regiment devolved upon Captain
BroAvn, and was in good hands.
The regiment was provost-guard. Its duties were to
patrol the streets, enforce order, arrest all offenders ;
guard all public and private property, seize property-
contraband of war ; and in general to do all the duties
of such a work. The labor, often arduous, was per-
formed with alacrity and faithfulness. In these duties,
the Thirty-third Massachusetts, Lieutenant -Colonel
Eyder, and afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel Doane,
commanding; and the One Hundred and Eleventh
Pennsylvania, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas M. Walker
commanding.
"The colonel commanding," Sept. 3, 1864, "calls
upon the individual honor of each man to assist the
regiment in the prompt, soldierly, faithful, and satisfac-
tory discharge of its duty." The appeal was well
answered.
General Sherman arrived on the 7th, and already
foreshadowed his determination to order all the inhabi-
tants north or south. Truce was established around
Rough and Ready Station on the 12th, for ten days,
and this necessary measure was accomplished.
Perfect order was speedily secured. On the 11th,
the bells rang for church, and all was as quiet as Sun-
day at home.
A curious order was issued from liigher powers on
the 18th: "No lumber" to be "brought into camp
from any buildings torn down without leave from proper
authority."
246 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INrANTRY.
On the 20th, the First Division was reviewed by
General Slocum. The troops heartily cheered General
Sherman as they passed his quarters. The Second
Division was reviewed on the 25th, and the Third
Division on the 26th. The exchanged officers from
Rough and Ready paid General Sherman a visit on the
28th, accompanied by the band of the Thirty-third
Massachusetts ; and the General made a characteristic
speech.
On the 29th, Forrest was reported as doing damage
on the road in the rear, and troops were sent to look
him up. General Sherman left with the bulk of the
army on the 4th of October, — only the Twentieth
Corps and scattered detachments remaining. Half of
the corps was at that time at work on the new line
of fortifications.
The regiment was successfully photographed on the
19th of October and also the colors ; the officers, also,
on the next day. And rumors kept coming of rebel
operations on a small scale.
On the 1st of November, Colonel Cogswell was
notified that he was to have charge of the destruction
of all buildings and works of any military importance.
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse was to assist, with Lieutenant-
Colonels Walker and Doane. Inspections were imme-
diately made. Walls and chimnies were undermined,
ready for explosion,. Powder bags were prepared by
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, who tried a perfectly suc-
cessful experiment with a small house. Operations,
however, were temporarily suspended, by order, on the
TO THE SEA. 247
6th. On tlie 7th, a communication. came from General
Slocuni, that Captain Poe, cliief engineer of the mili-
tary Division of ]Mississippi, would liave charge of the
destruction, — Colonel Cogswell to furnish the necessary
details. Trains kept loading and leaving for days.
On the 11th, there was decided excitement caused by
fires set in all parts of the city. Patrols were enlarged,
and vigilance doubled. The fires were supposed to be
set by citizens.
On the 12th, Captain Poe began the work of destruc-
tion, knocking down the round houses, and tearing up
rails. The engineer regiments, Missouri and Michi-
gan, did the work, — the Second patrolling. Most of
the buildings destroyed were battered down. No fires
that night. The same work was continued on the 13th.
On the 14th, General Sherman arrived. The depots
and other buildings were fired in the afternoon.
On the 15th, the Twentieth Corps moved out. The
Fourteenth Corps came about noon. The business part
of the town and many dwellings were in flames, — "the
sight perfectly magnificent." The Fourteenth Corps
started on the 16th. The brigade, which was left behind
until all other troops had gone, left the city in the after-
noon (the Second Massachusetts being the last regiment
which left Atlanta) in its ruins.
The campaign to the sea had begun.
Clianges had taken place. General Ruger had left
the bri"jade on the 9th, being assigned to command of a
division of the Twenty-third Corps : Lieutenant Binney
accompanied him. In the regiment, in addition to the
248 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
line officers who left on the 23d of May, Lieutenant
Lundy resigned, and Quartermaster Sawyer. To fill
the vacancies, promotions had been made as follows, to
first lieutenancies (passing over the second lieutenancy) ,
with the date of muster, which does not really tell Avhen
the officers had begun their duties : Quartermaster-Ser-
geant Howes mustered in as first lieutenant, June 28 ;
Sergeant-Major Richardson, same date ; Jesse Rich-
ardson and Wm. T. McAlpine, July 1 ; Jed. C.
Thompson, Aug. 11 ; and Samuel Storrow, for-
merly a lieutenant in the Forty-fourth Massachusetts,
in Atlanta on the 25th of October. Richard Pender-
gast, promoted, was absent wounded.
Several hundred enlisted men had been received.
They were but a fraction of the eight hundred and
seventy -five assigned to the regiment, — the others
having deserted before joining. Of the three hundred
and forty actually received, more than a hundred had
deserted on the road to Atlanta. Some had gone to the
enemy, some to the rear. These men doubtless never
intended to be sent to the front, but failing of oppor-
tunities to escape on the road, deserted from the
regiment. The desertions were confined entirely to
recruits, ''a majority of them Dutchmen, though many
of them were Americans and New-York City ruffians."
Seven of the deserters were taken, tried, and condemned
to death ; but the sentence was finally commuted to
imprisonment at Nashville.
Many of the recruits made faithful and brave soldiers.
On the 8th of August, after the fightings, the colonel
TO THE SEA. 249
had mentioned them in an order : " The colonel com-
manding takes this occasion to congratulate the regiment
for its cool and admirable behavior in the action of the
30th of July. Considering that there were many re-
cruits, many of whom were never under fire before, . . .
the conduct of the recruits in that action shows that
their bravery and coolness is satisfactory. . . . The old
men of the regiment need no congratulations."
Colonel Hawley was in command, as yet, of the
Third Wisconsin. Colonel Colgrove^ was no longer
with the Twenty-seventh Indiana. He had been
severely wounded in fi-ont of Atlanta.
It is not the object of this record to repeat the history
of the campaign. That belongs to others. The move-
ments of the Second are all which it is proposed to
follow.
On the evening when the Second left Atlanta,
Nov. 10, it marched through Decatur and five miles
beyond, and joined the rear of the Fourteenth Corps
at ten o'clock of a fine moonlight night. The
next day, passing through Latimer and Lithonia, it
1 Silas Colgrove was born in Steuben Co., N.Y., May 24, 1816; son of
Andrew and Elizabeth (Smith) Colgrove. When twenty-one years of age,
he went to Winchester, Indiana, and studied law; and was admitted to
practice in 1839. Was in the lower house of the Indiana Legislature, three
terms (six years), and was prosecuting attorney of the Fifth Judicial Circuit
five years. He entered the army in the three-months' service as Lieu-
tenant-Colonel of the Eighth Indiana, and was in the battle of Kich
Jlountain. When the Twenty-seventh Indiana was raised, he was appointed
colonel, Aug. 29, 1861. His bravery and energy were established on
many battle-fields: he was severely wounded in front of Atlanta. He was
brevetted brigadier-general.
250 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
marched sixteen miles to Conyers. The railway was
demolished by the engineers as the troops advanced.
Cotton presses and houses were also destroyed. On
the 18th, — sending Captain Brown, with the two right
companies, out foraging, — the regiment moved at nine,
A.M. ; reached Yellow River at three, p.m. ; crossed it on
pontoons, and camped on the east side, guarding while
the pontoons were taken up. The foragers came in
with two days' rations of sweet potatoes, a barrel of
syrup, and considerable meat. The 19th was rainy.
The regiment marched through Covington, and crossed
the Ulfofauchee River, destroying the bridge behind ;
waited for the Fourteenth Corps to get out of the way,
and then went three miles to Newbern. On the 20th,
the regiment leadinof the brioade, marched about sixteen
miles. Captain Parker, with D and G, were foraging,
and came in at noon with a load of sweet potatoes.
Sergeant-Major Miles was missing. He was taken
prisoner at a time when the rebels were hanging prison-
ers, but he fortunately escaped in a few days, and
returned to the regiment. On the 21st, a cold, rainy
day ; the regiment moved at seven, a.m. ; left the Four-
teenth Corps at Eatonton Factory, and crossed Little
River. On the 22d, passed through Eatonville Village,
crossed the Little River again on pontoons, and camped
at Meriwether. Here it rejoined its corps, which was
part of the left wing.
On the 23d, reached Milledgeville at eleven, a.m. ;
crossed the Oconee River, and joined its own brigade
in camp. Marched at daylight on the 24th, and
TO THE SEA. 251
reached Hebron. Plenty of sweet potatoes. Had
" Tlianks2:ivmof " festivities in the evenin";, — Colonels
Carman, Hawley, and Stevenson, dining at the head-
quarters of the Second. On the 25th, the regiment
went out with a foraging party, but was stopped at
Buffalo Creek, and ordered back on account of Wheel-
er's Cavalry. The troops crossed after a short skirmish,
and camped about three miles beyond. On the 26th,
the brigade was in advance, and skirmished into San-
ders ville, driving the rebel cavalry before it. Went
into town in line of battle, tearing its way through all
obstacles. In the afternoon, marched to Serrill's Sta-
tion, and destroyed a mile or two of track. Marched,
by a round-about road, the next day to Davisboro' Sta-
tion, on the Georgia Central Road. Sweet potatoes were
plenty, and a great deal of cotton was destroyed. On
the 28th, marched along the railway to Spear's Turn-
out : the division destroyed the road for that distance.
On the 29th, destroyed seven miles of railway, and
burnt a lar2;e amount of bridije timber. On the 30th,
crossed the Ogeechee four or five miles south of Louis-
ville, on an old wagon-bridge, and camped about three
miles beyond. Joined the Third Division with the
wagons. Kilpatrick was reported to have been forced
back from Waynesboro'. The division moved about
noon on the 1st of December, following the Second
Division, and marching eleven miles through some
awful swamps and mud-holes ; reached camp at mid-
night. The Second was another hard day with the
wagons, not reaching camp till ten, p.m ; passed through
252 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
some fine plantations near BIrdsville ; weather warm
and pleasant as June.
On the 3d, the brigade left about eleven, a.m. ; vis-
ited the Millen prison-pen, and found it as bad as ever
reported. Eight men were found dead, and unburied in
their huts. The regiment camped after a march of ten
or twelve miles. The regiment led the corps on the
4th ; made about fourteen miles, crossing four or five
creeks ; and camped near Hunter's Mills. Heard guns,
which the citizens said were fired at Charleston, sev-
enty-five miles away. Lay in camp, on the 5th, until
six, P.M., — the Second and Third Divisions passing;
had a rough night, roads bad, and being behind the
whole train, got into camp at half-past two, A.M.
Marched again at nine o'clock, and camped at seven,
P.M. On the 7th, went through several miles of pine
swamp, crossed Turkey Branch about eight, p.m., and
camped near Springfield about eleven o'clock. Day
rainy, and many of the wagons had to be pulled out of
the mud by the men. On the 8th, all wagons were
left in charge of the Third Division, except ambulance
and headquarter wagons. Marched about ten miles,
the regiment in rear of division ; the roads were ob-
structed with trees felled by the rebels.
On the 9th, moved at seven, a.m. ; struck a good
sand road after a mile or two. Halted, and had an
inspection, and renewed ammunition. About fifteen
miles from Savannah, came upon a rebel work mounting
two o^uns. The briojade was sent to get on its flank and
rear ; the position was carried, and the regiment camped.
TO THE SEA. 253
Moved at seven, a.m., on the 10th, meeting with no
opposition ; and struck the Charleston and Savannah rail-
way about ten miles from Savannah. The brigade was
put to work destroying the railway. In the afternoon,
it was moved to the front. Rebel batteries were en-
countered about four miles from Savannah, and the brig-
ade went into camp, in line of battle, about half a mile
from the enemy's works.
The next morning, the Second and the One Hundred
and Seventh New York, under Colonel Cogswell, were
ordered on a reconnoissance in front. They found the
rebels in a line of works on the other side of a flooded
rice-swamp, and then returned. The line was moved
forward on the morning of the 12th. There was can-
nonade on the left and right. Forage and rations were
short. That morning, Battery I, First New- York Ar-
tillery, captured a gunboat on the Savannah River. The
next day. Fort McAlister was captured, and the fleet
was coming up. The army had found the sea.
On the 15th, in the afternoon, orders came to
cross to Argyle Island, and join the Third Wiscon-
sin. Crossed with considerable difficulty on flatboats,
getting aground, and waiting for the tide ; went into
camp on the island about ten, p.m. On the 16th, the
remainder of the brigade crossed. A battery on the
opposite shore was annoying, stopping the rice-mill,
and forcing the troops to lie all day behind a dyke. A
gunboat was shelling the line also. The next day, a
huge mail was received.
On the 19th, the brigade crossed the river at day-
254 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
light, under Colonel Hawley, — the Third Wisconsin in
advance. A landing was secured without loss of life.
The brio-ade advanced about three miles, securino- oood
positions, and steadily driving the enemy. In the after-
noon, the rebels showed considerable force, and opehed
fire of shell from two guns. They charged, also, four
companies of the One Hundred and Seventh New
York, but were repulsed. The brigade had a section
of a battery. Before daylight of the 20th, it had
thrown up breastworks. This position seriously threat-
ened the only rebel line of retreat from Savannah.
There was heavy firing in front of Savannah ; and the
enemy appeared to be evacuating the city, by the ap-
pearance of the wagons.
About seven, a.m., Dec. 21, the regiment received
orders to recross the river. Savannah had surrendered.
The regiment (excepting Companies C and A) and
the artillery crossed safely to Argyle Island. The
enemy then pressed the remainder of the brigade (with
C and A) so closely, that it was ten, p.m., before all
were on the island. A heavy wind prevented any
crossing from the Island to the Georgia shore. The
Second attempted it, but was blown a mile down the
river upon Hutchinson's Island. The 2 2d was spent
in crossing the brigade. About four, p.m., the cross-
ing having been completed, the brigade marched until
ten, P.M., and went into camp, — the right very near
the river. The night was very cold.
The next day, a camp was laid out, which was soon
built. Eations were scarce, — dm'ing the fortnight, re-
TO THE SEA. 255
lieved by a load of oysters, "small, but good." On the
31st, just after "muster," orders came to move to the
left, — the Third Division being ordered over into
South Carolina : a good camp was lost in exchange for
a poor one.
On the 30th, the Twentieth Corps was reviewed by
General Sherman in Savannah. The day was fine and
warm.
Thus the year closed. The march to the sea had
ended. Cutting loose from its base ; traversing an
enemy's country over three hundred miles ; with less
than half-rations of coffee, sugar, and salt, with but one-
sixth rations of bread, — making up deficiencies from the
sweet potatoes, syrup, corn meal, beef cattle, sheep,
poultry, and other provisions of the country, — the
army had won the imperishable honor of Sherman's
march to the sea. The losses of the Second had been
only nine prisoners, and three wounded.
256 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
XX.
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS.
On the 1st day of January, 1865, the regiment was still
in camp a mile from Savannah. The new year came in
clear and cold. But it was the last year of the war.
On the 14th, two former enlisted men of the Second
visited camp. Major Nutt and Lieutenant Ellsworth, of
the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts. They had proved their
training.
On the 16th, Colonel Cogswell, brevetted brigadier-
general, made a parting address to the regiment. He
had earned promotion, of which a brevet was a scanty
grade. From April, 1861, he had been in service ; and
for most of the time after the battle of Antietam had
commanded the regiment. He was assigned to com-
mand of the Third Brigade in the Third Division of
the Corps. Lieutenant Storrow went with him as aid.
General Cogswell's parting address was as follows : —
Savannah, Ga., Jan. 16, 1865.
To the Officers and Enlisted Men of the Second Massachusetts Infantry.
In leaving the command of the Second Massachusetts
Infantry, the undersigned takes this occasion to express his
regrets at the separation.
^i^ETEir iSiRaS.iSLEFi.WL
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 257
I have been with you three years and eight months,
through most of the many campaigns that have added so
much glory and renown to your name and fame. We have
shared together most of those severe battles that have cost
us so many brave and heroic lives, and have assisted so
much in giving victory to our arms.
I leave you now for another post of duty ; and I
cannot but feel, from the bottom of my heart, the deepest
sorrow at parting from so old, brave, and well-tried a
command, and one that I love so much. Your good
name is known, and will be remembered whenever the
battles of the Potomac, or the campaigns of Sherman, are
read.
The battles from "Winchester to Atlanta attest your
patriotism and zeal ; and the fortj graves of Gettysburg,
your unflinching bravery and heroic daring. No one who
has been with you from the beginning, or who properly
appreciates the honor of belonging to the regiment, can
leave you but with sorrow from the fact that he is no
longer to be one among you.
By a careful and prompt obedience to orders, by your
soldierly conduct and bearing, by your regular and sys-
tematic discipline, by your bravery on the field, and by
your faithful attention to duty, you have gained the confi-
dence and respect of all with whom and under whom you
have served, and made for yourself a history that will be
remembered when Ave all shall have passed away ; and
remember, that it is by reason of your discipline and
conduct, and attention to duty, that you have done this,
and whatever you are or may hope to be in the future,
is and Avill be attributable to this, and this alone.
That the same name and record, as yet untarnished
ancl unequalled, may attend you in the future that has
in the past, is the best and most earnest wish of your
late commander.
17
258 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Whatever of faults are mine, at least I have tried to
do my best for your welfare and comfort, and for the
honor of your organization.
Wherever I may be called, no greater honor can await
me than that of having belonged to the Second Massa-
chusetts Infantry ; and, wherever I am, my wishes and
thoughts will always be with you. I am happy that in
my successor you have an officer so eminently qualified
to lead and command you on the field, so ably to care
for and instruct you in camp.
William Cogswell,
Brevet Brigadier-General U.S. Vols.
Lieutenant - Colonel Morse took command of the
regiment which he was hencefortli to lead until (save
while disabled by wounds) the end of the war, wisely,
bravely, and skilfully to close a line of commanders,
as satisfactorily as it opened. Colonel Hawley, the able
leader of the Third Wisconsin, took command of the
brigade. The division was led by General Jackson,
and Brigadier-General A. S. Williams commanded the
corps. The corps was in the left wing, under General
Slocum.
On the 15th of January, some parts of the army
had moved. On the 17tli, the Second, in its division,
crossed the Savannah on pontoons, and marched eight
miles up the bank of the river, and went for the night
into the old camps of the Third Division. The cam-
paign northward was begun.
On the 18th, the regiment moved seven miles towards
Hardeeville. On the 19th, seven miles through Har-
deeville, and camped at Purysburgh, at the steamboat
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 259
landing on the river. The steamer "Pontiac" came up,
and two transports with rations. Heavy rain. Rain
on the 20th : the roads and country for twenty miles
were underwater; rain on the 21st, and ditched camp ;
rain on the 22d. On that day Surgeon Curtis E.
Maun joined the regiment, taking the place of the la-
mented Heath, — Assistant-Surgeon Nichols declining
promotion, to be surgeon in the Third Massachusetts
Heavy Artillery. Surgeon Tracy, of the Forty-sixth
Pennsylvania, had been assigned to duty with the
i-egiment for a few days. On the 23d, rain, with a
gleam of sunshine ; on the 24th, clear and cold ; on
the 25th, cloudy and cold. In this period, from the
19th, the weather was severe. The river banks were
overflowed in many places : the camps were very wet,
and the troops suiFered much from exposure.
On the 26th, a cold and windy day, the regiment
marched about four and a half miles up the river, on
the Sister's Ferry Road. On the 27th, eleven miles, on
the Robertville Road, — obstructions on the route not so
numerous. Forage plenty. On the 28th, counter-
marched back to the cross roads, and about half a mile
towards Sister's Ferry. Found the road impracticable.
Countermarched again, and went towards Robertville
about five miles. The road was obstructed by felled
trees, rail-barricades, &c. : the enemy's scouts retired
after exchanging shots. On the 29th, went to Robert-
ville, — about five miles. The brigade was in advance,
and the Third Wisconsin drove a regiment of Wheeler's
Cavalry out of town on the run, themselves losing three
260 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
or four men. Camped on Sister's Ferry Road in posi-
tion. The 30th, fair and cold ; also tlie 31st. Forage
of all kinds plenty. On Feb. 1, brigade drill was had,
under Colonel Hawley.
The army now cut loose from the river base, and
marched for the heart of South Carolina. The regi-
ment left Robertville, Feb. 2, at nine, A.M., guard-
ing the ammunition-train, — Company D foraging;
marched twelve miles and camped near Lawtonville.
Plenty of potatoes, and some pork. On the 3d, moved
at daylight, brigade in advance. One Hundred and
Seventh New York leading ; made about ten miles, to a
branch of Duck Creek. Forage of all kinds was abun-
dant. Men filled their haversacks with salt, fresh pork,
and sweet potatoes. On the 4th, brigade in the rear,
guarding wagons over a bad road, changing by-and-by
to good, about ten miles, to within two miles of Allen-
dale Post-office ; camping about nine, p.m. On the
5th, up at half-past five; off at seven, a.m., through
Allendale, and by a cross-road to within two miles of
Beaufort's Bridge ; roads good ; First Brigade in ad-
vance. Third following. Some foragers missing. On
the 6th, moved at eight o'clock, cold and wet ; guarded
wagons through a swamp a mile wide, and across the
Salkehatchie ; at noon left the train, and finished a
march of eleven miles, to near Duncanville. On the
7th, cold and rainy; moved at half-past six, a.m.,
the regiment the advance of the corps ; struck the
Charleston and Augusta railway about half past four,
p.m., and camped on the north side of the road. On
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 261
the 8th, moved at half-past six, a.m., tearing up the
track; "quite an intgresting operation," says a diary ;
camped at night at Graham's Station, in the woods,
having spoilt three miles of railway-track. The 9th was
cold, with a snow-squall; marched at eight, a.m., by
road near railway, through Blackwcll's Station, in
swampy ground, and made about fifteen miles. For-
agers quite successful. On the 10th, marched at ten,
a.m., guard to brigade train, to near Williston's Station,
and covering flank, while the rest of the brigade was
destroying railway; countermarched about three miles,
and camped near the railway. On the 11th, went to
work destroying railway ; marched at half-past nine,
A.M., to a branch of the Edisto at Duncan's Bridge;
after much delay, — reaching it at three, P.M., — crossed
it and the adjacent swamps, and reached camp near the
north side, about nine, p.m. Heard artillery firing
somewhere. Three days' rations issued, "to last eight
days." On the 12th, moved at eleven, a.m., in rear of
division wagon-train, ten miles, to near the north
branch of the Edisto River, camping two miles from
Jones's Bridge. Crossed the Edisto on the loth, — a
fair, cold day, — and marched about five miles towards
Columbia. Foraging party successful. The enemy
were numerous on the flanks, skirmishing with the for-
agers.
On the 14th, cold, cloudy, and rain after noon ;
moved, about nine, a.m., a mile or two to cross-roads,
where the brigade went into position to cover the road
while the corps passed. At three, p. m., fell in at
262 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
the rear ; moved on Lexington Court-house Road, and
camped at crossing of Augusta and Columbia Road.
Artillery fire on the left. Enemy's cavalry close on
the flanks, so that the foraging party did not get much.
On the 15th, cloudy and cold ; marched at noon,
with the wagons ; roads bad, and bridges burnt by the
enemy. Camped, about midnight, a mile from Lex-
ington Court-house. Foraging party got nothing that
day, — poor country. On the 16th, moved on the
Columbia Road, about half-past seven, A. M., Third
Division in advance. Heard firing, — advance reach-
ing Congaree River, and shelling the town to dislodge
Wheeler's Cavalry ; camped about three miles from the
river, having marched about seven miles. On the
17th, marched at eight, A.M., guarding wagons for
two hours ; then lay all day in a muddy cornfield, —
artillery, infantry, and wagons, all massed; at ten,
P.M., crossed the Saluda on pontoons, and camped.
Columbia was occupied by the right wing. Foraging
party was permanently organized under Captain Brown.
Procured one day's rations of potatoes, and fresh beef
was issued. On the 18th, the Second and Third Di-
visions were passing all day; moved at four, p.m.,
with the wagons ; passed burning buildings, woods on
fire, and the usual work of the advance in South Caro-
lina ; made seven miles. Foraging party got nothing;
no rations issued, and the regiment very short of food.
On the 19th, a very fine day, left camp at eleven,
A.M. ; marched with wagons about four miles to near
Alston's Ferry, and camped. Received some meat
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 263
from foraging party on the road, and at night the
party brought in a day's rations. The men liad had
nothing: to cat since the morning of the dav before.
The Fourteenth Corps being in advance, the country
was well eaten up. On the 20th, left at half-past
seven, a.m. ; marched to Alston's Ferry, and crossed
Broad River on pontoons, and made about six miles on
the Winnsborough Road. The Fourteenth Corps had
gone to the left. Rolling country, better looking, and
more thicldy settled. On the 21st, on the road at ten,
A.M., with wagons; division in the rear. Marched
about ten miles, through Winnsborough : camped two
miles beyond the town. Good-looking country. For-
agers successful ; four days' meat and one day's
potatoes. On the 2 2d, cloudy and cold, marched
with train, at ten, a.m., seventeen miles over hilly
roads, to Rocky Mount Post-office, and camped at ten,
p.m., near branch of the Wateree River. Foragers
brought in plenty of meat. The 23d was cloudy and
cool. Marched at half-past six, a.m. ; crossed the
main branch of the Wateree on pontoons, and marched
three miles beyond. Passed General Sherman's head-
quarters. Rained all night.
On the 24th, rained all day. ]\Ioved at seven, a.m. ;
went about a mile on the wrong road ; turned back and
took another ; ran into Fifteenth and Seventeenth
Corps; and went into camp about eleven, a.m., in a
hollow. Lay all the rainy 25th in camp, waiting for
movements of other troops. Lieutenant J. C. Thomp-
son put in charge of foraging party. On the 26th,
264 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
ready to move at nine, A.M. ; did move about five,
P.M., in rear of wagon train. Went about seven miles
on very muddy roads, towards Hanging-rock Post-office,
and camped at eleven, P.M. Foraging party did not
come in. On the 27th, fair, with slight rain in the af-
ternoon. Marched at half-past six, a.m., to Hanging-
rock Post-office ; crossed Hanging-rock Creek, and
camped, having made two miles and a half. Foragers
brought in two days' rations of meal and bacon. On
the 28th, which was rainy, mustered for payment ;
marched at four, p.m., with the wagons ; crossed Little
Lynch's Creek ; made about eight miles of road, very
bad in spots.
March 1, rainy; marched at seven, A.M., in the
advance of division ; crossed Lynch's Creek ; made
about twelve miles over level, sandy roads, and
camped. Foragers brought in mules and horses.
On the 2d, rainy ; moved at seven, a.m., First Brigade
in advance. Third Brigade next ; crossed Black Creek,
and moved on Chesterfield Road to within three miles
of that place. The advance had quite heavy skirmish-
inof. The regiment turned off to the left of the town
to occupy a bridge over Thompson's Creek, which, after
some skirmishing with the enemy, was done by Captain
Brown, Threw up rail breastworks, and held the
position. Had marched twenty-one miles. Foragers
came in, with plenty of meal, flour, and bacon. On
the 3d, misty, rainy ; Captain Parker, with Com-
panies B and G, went out on reconnoissance, and
captured bacon, fodder, and animals. The regiment
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 265
rc-crosscd the bridge, and crossed the other, camp-
ing a mile beyond. Two men of the Thirteenth New
Jersey were captured close by the pickets. Marched
at three, p.m., through Chesterfield; crossed Thomp-
son's Creek on the lower bridge ; marched about a
mile further on the road leading to Cheraw ; heard
that Cheraw had been taken by the right wing ;
turned back, and camped. Discovered cotton and
corn buried in a family graveyard. On the 4th, rainy,
warmer; marched at three, p.m., on Sneedsboro' Road,
seven miles, to within two miles of Peedee River, over
roads bad in places, and camped near the line between
North and South Carolina. Wagons brought in flour
and hams. On the 5th, in camp ; had inspection of
arms. Heard explosions at Cheraw. A Massachu-
setts officer, escaped from rebel prisons, joined the
regiment. On the 6th, a fair, cool day ; moved at
nine, a.m. ; marched on a jilank road to Cheraw, and
about three, p.m., into town, in column by divisions,
with music ; rested in the main street until half-past
eight, P.M. The delays, caused by the breaking of the
bridge in part, were improved by making fires and get-
ting supper, which left the town-pump without a fence,
and Mrs. Lincoln's brother without a buggy : another
escaped officer came into camp. In the evening, the
regiment crossed the Peedee on a pontoon bridge,
marched five miles on the Fayetteville Road, and
camped an hour after midnight, having made fifteen
miles. On the 7th, marched at seven, a.m. (Second
Division in advance. First following) ; made about fif-
r
266 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEr.
teen miles, and camped near an unfinished railway, —
the Florence and Fayette. The sandy roads were
good, through a rolling country, wooded with pine.
The foragers went to Rockingham ; with others, cap-
tured the place, and brought back bacon. The 8th
was very rainy ; marched at eight, a.m.. First Division
in advance (the brigade being in the rear with wagons) ,
through pine woods, thirteen miles. The Fourteenth
Corps was on the same road, which occasioned delays ;
but got into camp about six, p.m.
On the 9th, rainy ; moved with wagons at seven,
A.M., through pines, and by rosin pits. The country
was deluged with water. Crossed swamps and the
Lumber River ; corduroyed the road, up to the knees
in water, and in a pelting rain, working till after dark,
and helping the teams all night. Camped at midnight,
short of rations, after seven miles' march. On the
10th, rainy; marched at eight, A.M., and corduroyed;
made eight miles, with nothing to eat. Sun came out
about two, P.M. ; camped at six, p.m., and drew one
day's rations of meal and fresh beef. On the 11th, cold
and fair; started at half-past eleven, a.m., on a forced
march for Fayetteville ; the first nine miles of road were
bad, and encumbered by trains to be passed ; the last
ten, on a plank road, were made without a halt. When
within two miles of Fayetteville, it was learned that
the town had been occupied by the right wing ; and a
little past nine, p.m., the regiment camped. Foragers
came in with plenty of meal and some meat, and men
were grinding more meal at a mill.
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 267
On the 12th, remained in camp. A tug-boat came
up the Cape-Fear River, and communication was again
established with the North, which had been suspended
since Feb. 1. Had a day's rations of hard bread,
coffee, and sugar.
On the 13th, the regiment passed through Fayette-
ville, with music, in review before Generals Sherman
and Slocum. Crossed the Cape-Fear Elver on pon-
toons, marched on plank road, and camped four miles
from the river. On the 14th, — a beautiful day, — re-
mained in camp until about noon, when the Second
and the Thirteenth New Jersey were sent out under
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse to get forage. The Third
Brigade of the Third Division, some distance in ad-
vance, had some skirmishing. Colonel Morse sent
out parties twice on side roads ; started back about
seven, p.m., and made the nine miles of return without
â– a halt, bringing in the wagons loaded with corn and fod-
der ; and Captain Parker put a mill in running order.
On the 15th, a cloudy, rainy day; marched about
ten miles on a plank road to a church, but not to use
it. Found Kilpatrick's Cavalry occupying the road,
and went into camp in a very ancient graveyard. But
at eight, p.m., the brigade was ordered out, in the dark-
ness and rain, to move on in support of the cavalry.
At Kilpatrick's request. General Slocum had ordered
out a brigade to hold a line of bai'ricades. Went on,
over execrable roads, five miles, and found the cavalry
in position. Relieved one brigade of these ; went into
position, and bivouacked in face of the enemy and in mud.
268 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Hardee, " in retreating from Fayetteville, had halted
in the narrow swampy neck between Cape Fear and
South Rivers in the'hope of holding Sherman there, in
order to save time for the concentration of Johnson's
armies at some point in his rear."^ General Slocum
was ordered to dislodge him, that the army might have
the use of the Goldsborough Road. The Twentieth
Corps had the advance. The First Division was on the
right, and Ward's next : on the left, were two divisions
of the Fourteenth Corps. The enemy were in force,
and well posted, with defences.
The share of the Second in the engagement of that
day was this: The brigade (the Second on the left),
supported on the flanks by cavalry, moved forward at
seven, a.m., with skirmishers well thrown out, and
advanced on the enemy. The rebel skirmishers were
driven in, after a decided resistance ; and the brigade
took position across the main road to Black-river"
Cross-roads, near the edge of an open field, in swampy,
wooded ground, with skirmishers well advanced. The
brigade was alone, except the cavalry. The most ad-
vanced part of the army was four miles back. The
enemy threw superior forces on this point ; and, with
artillery and infantry, repeatedly attempted to foi'ce
back the line. All their efforts failed, in attacks of two
hours. In that fight, the gallant Grafton was killed ;
three, enlisted men killed, and nine wounded.
Captain Grafton had gone out with two small com-
1 Sherman and his Campaigns, p. 368.
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS.
269
panics, had gone out to relieve skirmishers. The
enemy were striving hard to press back the line. Cap-
tain Grafton was wounded in the leg, and started for
the rear ; but, still anxious that the line be held, turned
back to the skirmishers. He was instantly struck in
the neck by a bullet, and staggered back to the line,
where he died immediately.
The ammunition of the brigade being exhausted,
General Cogswell's Brigade relieved it. He afterwards
pushed the enemy a mile and a half, out of two lines of
breastworks and into the third and last, fighting until
dark ; losing twice as many men as any other brigade
in the corps.
While this was going on, tlie Third Brigade (in
which was the Second) was transferred to the right ;
and vigorously attacked, driving the enemy steadily for
a mile, and into another line of works. The brigade
suffered considerably at this point, but held its position
in front of the enemy, until subsequently replaced by a
portion of the Fourteenth Corps. It was in this fight
that Lieutenant Storrow of the Second, aide to General
Cogswell, was killed ; and Lieutenant-Colonel Morse,
commanding the regiment, disabled by a serious wound
in the shoulder. The command devolved upon Cap-
tain Brown. Two more enlisted men were killed,
and seven wounded. The casualties during the day
were these ; Captain Grafton and. Lieutenant Storrow,
killed; Lieutenant-Colonel Morse wounded. Of en-
listed men, — Bearing, of B; Corporal Murray and
Newman, of C ; Corporal Parker, of F ; and Serjeant
270 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Wilson, of I, were killed. Mortally wounded, — Yitz,
of B ; and Regan (T.), of F ; wounded, not mortally,
- — Corporal Coethan, Smith (H.), and Moro, of A;
Peterson (A. S.), Smith (James), and Serjeant Reu-
ben Smith, of B ; Corporal McAuley, and Riley, of
E; Gilbert of F; Frey and McNamara, of G;
Hutchinson and Johnson, of I ; and Corporal Mcin-
tosh, of K.
The Second, though sadly few, — only one hundred
and forty-one carried into action, — had acted as be-
came its unsullied fame.
Says "The Story of the Great March," by Major
Nichols, aide to General Sherman : —
" Captain Grafton of this division (Second Massachu-
chusetts Regiment) was among the killed. He was a gal-
lant officer and a courteous gentleman. He could not have
found a nobler death, nor could we have lost a nobler soul.
" The Second and Thirty-third Massachusetts Regiments
are the only representatives of the glorious Bay State in our
army. A nobler record of heroic deeds may never be found
than in the history of the Second. On its roll of fame may
be found, among the names of the dead in honorable battle,
Shaw, Dvviglit, Savage, Grafton, Storrow, and others ; arid,
to-day, the living heroes are models of chivalric soldiers, the
pride of their comrades."
Upon being relieved, the regiment moved to the right
and rear, and camped in close column by divisions.
On the 17th, orders were to be in readiness to move
at five, A.M., but at daylight it was found that the
enemy had disappeared. At eleven, a.m., moved out
on the road, and lay by the roadside until late in the after-
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 271
noon. The Fourteenth Corps was passing. General
Slocura also passed, stopping to speak with the men.
About dark, moved on ; and camped, after having made
three miles. INIen short of rations, but had an issue of
fresh beef. On the 18th, a fair, warm day ; marched
at seven, a.m., tlie brigade in advance. The train of
wounded followed the division. Forded Black River,
and crossed another considerable stream on a bridge.
Made about ten miles towards Goldsborough, pulling
down fences, and crossing bogs. The foragers brought
in about two days' rations of meat and meal : they had
an affiiir with the rebels at a grist-mill, captured it,
and run it.
On the 19th, moved before daylight, the brigade in
advance ; the roads bad in spots, and the regiment did
a good deal of corduroying. About noon, heard quick
artillery-firing. A division of the Fourteenth Corps
had encountered rebel cavalry, and driven them as
usual. But the head of the column found its progress
impeded by infantry and artillery. The enemy attacked
the £tdvanced guard, and gained a temporary advantage.
General Slocum found the enemy in great force. John-
ston had moved with great rapidity, concentrated all
the troops at his command upon the left flank, and
suddenly attacked furiously, in the hope of beating the
advanced divisions before the other columns came up.
Slocum then promptly deployed the two divisions of the
Fourteenth Corps, and ordered up the two divisions of
the Twentieth. The first division was pushed rapidly
forward, and the brigade was formed in rear of the
272 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Fourteenth Corps ; but soon — with both divisions — was
moved to the left, and fprmed on the left of the Twen-
tieth Corps. The Second was on the left of the road,
facing northward ; and both divisions threw up works.
The brigade was moved several times, but finally
returned to its flank position, and completed the works
begun. Kilpatrick came up at the sound of the artil-
lery, and massed on the left. The enemy, comprising
the forces of Hoke, Hardee, and Cheatham, under
Johnston himself, made six distinct assaults, but were
as steadily repulsed. This was the battle of Benton-
ville.
It was the last action of the Second Massachusetts.
The foragers came in : they had been in rear of the
enemy, and brought in ham and beans. The regiment
had marched eight miles.
The night had alarms. On the 20th, remained cut-
ting timber, and strengthening the position. Pickets
were twice advanced. The corps of the other wing
coming up, had some successful fighting ; and, by after-
noon, a complete and strong line of battle confronted
the enemy's intrenched position ; and Johnston, instead
of taking Sherman's army in detail, was again on the
defensive.
Three days' rations of coffee, sugar, hard bread, and
bacon, were worth recording.
On the 21st, there were various orders to move, but
all countermanded. The Third Division pickets came
in firing, and raised a needless alarm. Cut trees in
the swamp, and continued to strengthen the position.
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 273
There was skirmishing from right to left ; and, on the
rie:ht, some severe fiahtino;. Sherman had no need of
a battle, and pressed only with skirmishers, and some
artillery, feeling the flanks which were covered by
swamps. All th? afternoon the rain fell, sometimes in
torrents. That day, the wounded in the corps hospital,
including Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, were sent to
Goldsborough.
On the 22d, at one, a.m., all wagons and pack-
animals were ordered to Cox's Bridge, under escort of
the One Hundred and Second New York, and the
troops were to move at half past five, a.m. ; but, after
daylight, the enemy were discovered to have left.
Johnston had crossed jSIill Creek, and burnt the bridges.
The Second left its works at nine, a.m., an^ moved by
cross-roads to Cox's Bridge ; roads were bad, and much
corduroying was necessary. After dark, marched rapid-
ly, and camped about ten, p.m., in a sandy field near
a creek, where the wagons were waiting, but the pack-
mules had mostly crossed. Had made thirteen miles.
On the 23d, moved at nine, a.m. ; road bad, halted
several hours on the banks of the Neuse, crossed on
two pontoon bridges ; had made thirteen miles, when
camped two miles from the bridge, towards Goldsbor-
ough. Enemy's cavalry on left flank.
At about one, a.m., on the 24th, all wagons and
pack-animals were sent forward to Goldsborough.
Marched at seven, a.m. ; passed through the Twenty-
third Corps ; through Goldsborough in column by
divisions, with music; passed Generals Sherman and
18
274 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY.
'Slocum ; went out of the town, and partly round it,
and camped on the Weldon Railway, about two miles
northeast of the town. The army had reached sea
communications again, and the campaign was ended.
NORTHWARD. 275
XXI.
NORTHWARD.
On the 25th day of March, 1865, General Sherman's
congratulatory order was published, and read to the
troops.
A few weeks were to be spent in comparative rest,
and refitting the troops for the spring campaign. The
camps of the brigade were laid out in regular order ;
houses to be made of logs, seven feet by ten, and three
and a half high, covered each by four pieces of shelter
tent. Water was plenty, but the men were out of
rations on the 25th.
On the 2 7 til. Sergeant Toombs was mustered as first
lieutenant. On the 27th, some clothing was received.
The men worked on their quarters. Regular rations
were issued, for the first time since the campaign began.
On the 28th, went out with the Thirteenth New Jersey
for forage ; took the Kingston Road, and marched to
about twenty miles from Goldsborough ; filled the fifty
wagons with corn and fodder, returned four miles, and
bivouacked. Started next morning for camp, which
was reached at three, p.m. ; and drew three days'
rations. Drew clothing on the oOth ; and so^vp was
276 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
issued, the first since the campaign from Savannah
opened. On the 31st, extra animals were turned in.
Hospital-Steward Root, who had served in various
capacities from the beginning, was transferred to the
regular army. April 2 witnessed a dress parade.
On the 3d of April, General Mower was appointed
to the command of the Twentieth Corps, thus returning
General Williams to the division. General Williams
had commanded from Atlanta, bravely and wisely.
The "left wing" was now transformed into the "Army
of Georgia." The " Sanitary " was again found in the
Second, — in the shape of pickles.
General Mower reviewed the division on the 5th.
Clothing was issued to complete the new outfit.
At Goldsborough, morning drills were had in skir-
mishing ; other movements in afternoons. The Second
was to be itself to the last.
On the 6th of April, the welcome news of the taking
of Richmond were received, and read to the command.
The end was drawing nigh.
"The next objective," said General Sherman, "is to
place this array, with its full equipment, north of the
Roanoke River, facing west, ... .in full communication
with the Army of the Potomac."
So, on the 7th, orders were received to have ten days'
rations on hand, "to last thirty;" in wagons, fifteen
days' coffee, five days' sugar, and twenty days' salt ; in
the hands of the men, one a half days' salt meat (to last
three days) , thi'ee days' hard bread, ten days' sugar, and
the same of salt and coffee.
NORTHWARD. 277
On the 9th, Captains Phalcn and Mehan returned.
It was thought best by brigade and higher commanders
to send some officers on recruiting service ; the number
of men was greatly reduced, and out of all proportion
to that of officers. Captains Brown, Oakey, Crownin-
shicld, Parker, Comey, and Perkins, Adjutant Fox and
Lieutenant G. J. Thompson, were therefore detailed on
this service. The regiment was temporarily consoli-
dated into two companies, under command of Captain
Phalen.
On the 10th, the new movement began. The head
of every column was in motion. The regiment marched
at half past five, a.m., through Goldsborough, and on
the Smithfield Road. Some skirmishing took place, and
the brigade moved for some distance in line of battle.
Camped at five, p.m., after a march of fourteen mi^es.
On the 11th, a light rain; marched at eleven o'clock,
A.M. ; camped at six, p.m., about half a mile from
Smithfield, having marched twelve miles. On the 12th,
marched through Smithfield ; crossed the Neuse on pon-
toons about eight, A.M. ; camped at six, P.M., after a
hard march of sixteen miles, crossing Swift Creek. On
the 13th, moved at five, a.m., in a rain; the regi-
ment was in advance. Marched very fast, entered Ral-
eigh at noon without opposition. Camped just outside
of the city, the weather becoming fine. On the
14th, drew two days' rations, "to last five ; " received
orders to forage on the country, and a detail of twenty
men was organized under Lieutenant J. C. Thompson.
On the 15th, the regiment moved out, at half past six,
278 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
A.M., in a very heavy rain, but after going a few rods
was ordered back again. The orders to forage on the
country were also countermanded ; commissaries were
to issue full rations. Circumstances were changed.
The news of the battles about Petersburg, and of the
evacuation of Richmond, had reached General Sherman
on the 6th of April. No longer needing to strike
between Lee and Johnston, he had followed the latter.
On the 12th, he heard of the surrender of Lee at
Appomattox. He then planned to so move as to strike
Johnston from the south. "I am anxious," wrote he,
"to prevent his escape towards Georgia." But on the
14th, General Sherman received a communication from
Johnston, under a flag of truce, requesting an armis-
tice, and a statement of the best terms on which he
could be permitted to surrender. " This is," said Sher-
man, " the beginning of the end."
It was this note which arrested the march of the
Second on the morning of the 15th ; and, so far as war
was concerned, arrested it for ever.
On the 17th of April, came the news of the assassina-
tion of President Lincoln.
On the 20th, the suspension of hostilities was an-
nounced. On the 22d, the corps was reviewed by
General Sherman, in Raleigh. On the 25th, moved at
seven, a.m., marching thirteen miles southwest, to John's
Cross-roads, returning to the old camp on the 28th.
Captain Thayer, with thirty-four recruits, came to the
regiment on the 25th. The men were put on half
rations, and a forage party of twenty organized under
NORTHWARD. 279
Lieutenant J. C. Thompson. The party came In on
the 28th, fully mounted, with meal.
On the 29th, orders came announcing the surrender
of Johnston, and that the troops were to march to
Washington to be mustered out. The war had ended.
The march to "Washington began the next day. On
the 30th, the regiment moved at five, a.m. ; passed
through Raleigh in column, by platoons ; crossed the
Neuse at Mantua ISIills, and camped about a mile from the
river, having marched fourteen miles. The next day,
marched sixteen miles, in rear of trains, and camped
near Tau River. On the 2d of May, crossed Tau
River, marched on a fine road twenty miles, and
camped two miles from Williamsborough. On the 3d,
marched through Williamsborough, made twelve miles •
on a good road, and camped ; ordered out at half past
five, P.M. ; marched three miles, crossed the Roanoke on
pontoons, and camped about a mile from the State line.
On the 4th, marched at seven, a.m., and were soon in
Virginia, — the first time since Sept. 27, 1863. The
road was dusty. Crossed Meherrin River about five,
P.M., and camped about two miles beyond, having
marched twenty -two miles. On the 5th, moved at
half past eight, a.m. ; crossed Flat-rock Creek about
noon ; made seventeen miles, and camped half a mile
from Xottaway River. May 6, crossed the Nottaway and
Little Xottaway ; the Richmond and Petersburg Rail-
way, at Black and AVhite Station, about noon ; passed
some of the Sixth Corps in camp ; and camped, after
280 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTRY.
fourteen miles of march, near Mills Station. Marched
on the 7th, in advance of the division ; crossed the
Appomattox River on pontoon bridge about noon ; had
made tw^enty-one miles, and camped near Clover Hill.
On the 8th, moved at half past six, a.m. ; passed
through Clover Hill ; crossed Svs^ift Creek about noon,
and Fallin Creek at three, p.m., and camped north of
it. On the 9th, marched, ten, a.m. ; went three miles,
and camped on a creek. In camp on the 10th.
On the 11th day of May, moved at ten, a.m., the
First Division in advance. Passed through Manches-
ter at half past eleven o'clock. Crossed the James
River, and entered Richmond.
The regiment had established its first camp in Massa-
chusetts, on the 11th day of May, 1861. It entered
Richmond on the 11th day of May, 1865. Of the
officers of Camp Andrew, four remained. Of the thou-
sand men, less than a hundred. The march of four
years had been lined with graves.
The regiment marched through Richmond in column
by platoons. Five miles beyond, it camped on Brook
Creek.
The Chickahominy was crossed on the 12th, at Bower
Bridge. Passed through Ashland Station at noon.
Crossed the Fredericksburg Railway ; the South Anna
at three, p.m., and camped a mile beyond, having made
fifteen miles over a hard road. Crossed New Found
River on the 13th ; the Little Anna, at eleven, a.m. ;
the Gordonsville and Richmond Railway at one, p.m. ;
and camped a mile from the North Anna, after a march
NORTHWARD. 281
of fifteen miles. On tlie 14th, crossed the North Anna
on pontoons ; passed through Chilesburg ; crossed the
Ta River and the Po on pontoons ; and camped, after
eighteen miles, two miles from Spottsylvania Court-
house.
On the 15th, passed through Spottsylvania ; halted
for two hours on the old Chancellorsville battle-ground,
memorable to the regiment for the 3d of May, 18G3 ;
reached Rappahannock River, and camped on its banks,
having marched fifteen miles. On the 16th, crossed
the river on pontoons at United-States Ford, where it
crossed May 6, 1863 ; passed Hartwood Church at ten,
A.M., and camped after fifteen miles' march. Crossed
Cedar Run on the 17th, and made twelve miles. On
the 18th, was at Brentsville at six, A.M. ; at Bull Run,
at noon ; at Fairfax Station, at five, p.m., and camped a
mile and a half onward, after a march of eighteen miles.
On the 19th, after fifteen miles' march, camped near
Cloud's Mills, about three miles from Alexandria.
Colonel Morse returned, and took command. On the
20th, Captain Brown resigned, — the war being ended,
— with a brave and faithful record. The officers de-
tailed on recruiting service returned, and about forty
men who had been absent from wounds or disease.
The regiment remained here until the 24th. On
that day, the Army of Georgia and the Army of Ten-
nessee passed in review at Washington.
After the review, the regiment went into campatBla-
densburgh. On the 28th, two recruits were received.
On the 29th, the camp was named Camp Slocum.
282 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
Sergeant-Major Miles had been mustered as first lieu-
tenant in April ; in June, James Hanning; and also in
June, Sergeant George W. Morse. It was the last
promotion.
On the 6th of June, General Hawley published his
farewell order to the brigade.
On the 7th, the Twentieth Corps was broken up.
General Williams published his farewell order to the
division. The Second was transferred to General
Bartlett's Division of the District of Washington ; and
brigaded with the Forty-sixth Pennsylvania, Fifth Con-
necticut, and One Hundred and Forty-third New York,
— numbered the Second Brigade.
The friends of many campaigns were parted. Be-
tween no organizations could the parting have been
more painful, though glorious, than between the Second
Massachusetts and the noble Third Wisconsin. Before
separating, this found formal expression in the following
papers : —
Second Massachusetts Infantry, Camp Slocum,
NEAR Washington, D.C, June 4, 1865.
We, the undersigned, officers of the Second Massachusetts
Infantry, wish to express to the officers of the Third Wis-
consin Infantry our heartfelt regret, that the fortunes of the
service are about to separate our respective organizations.
From the campaign of 1862, in the Shenandoah Valley,
to the present glorious close of this bloody war, we have
fought and marched side by side with you in almost every
rebellious State. To have been brigaded together for so
long a time is in itself remarkable ; no less so is it that
between our two regiments there should have always existed
NORTHWARD.
283
such strong feelings of frienilship and mutual regard, un-
tiuged by the slightest shadow of jealousy.
As we recall, now, some of the hard positions we have
been in, we cannot help remembering how often our anxiety
was lessened by the knowledge that the old Third Wisconsin
was close at hand to support us. We know that you have
had the same thoughts about us. Nothing in this whole war
will be pleasantcr for us all to look l)ack upon than this feel-
ing of mutual respect and reliance. It not only elevated the
tone of both of our regiments; but, we honestly believe, it
went a great way towards making our brigade and division
what they are now acknowledged to be, — among the very
best organizations of the army.
We assure you that in our own State, wherever the Second
Massachusetts is known, its brother regiment is also fomous.
Whenever any of us have been at home, among the first
inquiries would be, " How is the Third Wisconsin ? " It has
been with pride that we have answered, " It is the same
staunch old regiment that fought at Antietam and Chan-
cellorsville."
These are not compliments, but expressions of plain,
honest feelings. We have been knit together by deeds, not
Avords ; deeds, which, as time goes on, we shall look back
upon with continually increasing pride.
Together we have shared dangers and hardships, victories
and defeats, and it is hard now for us to part ; but, in the
natural order of things, the war being over, you go towards
your homes in the West, we stay near ours in the East.
Let us not, however, though separated by thousands of
miles, forget those old associations. Let us rather cherish
them with our fondest recollections : let it be a story to hand
down to our children and children's children, how the Second
Massachusetts and Third Wisconsin fought shoulder to
shoulder through the great rebellion, and achieved together
glory and renown. We ask you to accept this testimonial as
284 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
a slight evidence of our affection and esteem. We bid you
farewell, and God bless you, one and all.
C. F. Morse, Lieutenant- Colonel, com.
James Francis, Major.
C. E. MuNN, Surgeon.
JoHX A. Fox, Adjutant.
E. A. Howes, Quartermaster.
Captains. — Daniel Oakey, F. W. Crowninshield, E. A.
Phalen, George A. Thayer, Theodore K. Parker, Dennis
Mehan, Henry N. Comey, William E. Perkins.
First Lieutenants. — George J. Thompson, Jesse Richard-
son, Moses P. Richardson, William T. McAlpine, Jed. C.
Thompson, William D. Toombs.
Third Wisconsin V. V. Infantky, Camp Slocum,
NEAR Washington, D.C, June 7, 1865.
To the Officers of the Second Massachusetts Veteran Volunteer
Infantry.
The undersigned, officers of the Third Wisconsin Veteran
Volunteer Infantry, tender their heartfelt thanks for your
friendly communication of the 4th inst. It was with min-
gled feelings of pride and pleasure, not, however, unmixed
with pain, that we perused it, — pride at being thus associa-
ted with a regiment, which, by patient endurance, good
discipline, and unflinching bravery, has won for itself so
honorable a name as the Second Massachusetts ; pleasui'e at
the thought, that, even amid the stirring scenes of active war,
the finer attributes of humanity are not forgotten, and that
friendship, one of the noblest sentiments of the soul, still
asserts her claims ; pain at the recollections of the many
gallant and brave whose names have been associated with
yours in the great struggle now happily terminated, but who
have given their lives for a country they loved so well.
That "every rose has its thorn" was never more apparent
to us than now. While in the toil and suffering of our
NORTinVAUD. 285
active campaigns, we have looked forward witli unmixed joy
to the time when the angel of peace should once more spread
her wings over the land, and we should return home to enjoy
the sweets of social and civil life ; but now tliat the hour is
at hand when we must say farewell to those witli whom we
have been so long associated in the service of our common
country, when we must join the parting hand with you, our
companions and brothers in arms, our joy is mingled with
sadness, and our smiles with tears.
We accept your communication, not only as a manifesta-
tion of personal regard, but also as a fraternal greeting from
the East to the West, which, rising superior to local jealousies
and factious strife, and remembering only the mingled dust
of our dead on many battle-fields, and the common country
for which they sacrificed their all, proclaims us, in heart and
in country, one and inseparable.
In parting we assure you, that, highly as we prize this
expression of sentiment towards us, and sacredly as we will
preserve it as the highest honor yet received, it is not needed
in order to secure remembrance.
The ineffaceable pictures of the past, deeply engraven in
our hearts, and lit up by the eternal flame of friendship, will
ever keep the Second Massachusetts Veteran Volunteer
Infantry prominent among our pleasing memories in the
future.
Wishing you all success and happiness, and Heaven's best
blessing, we bid you farewell.
We are, brothers, yours fraternally,
George W. Stevenson, Lieutenant-Colonel.
Warham Parks, Major.
J. G. CoxLY, Surgeon.
T. J. KoPF, Assistant-Surgeon.
A. C. Gaylor, Adjutant.
I. T. Marvin, Quartermaster.
Isaac E. Springer, Chajjlain.
286 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Captains. — Ralph Van Brunt, I. N. Hinkley, N. Daniels,
E. Giddings, A. D. Haskins, C. R. Barrager, J. Woodford,
John M. Schweers, John E. Kleven.
First Lieutenants. — Stephen Lawrence, Oliver A. Hegg,
J. D. Goodrich, John Agnew, John B. Du Bois, Abner
Hubbell, J. D. Babcock, William W. Freeman, George H.
Gutter.
Second Lieutenants. — E. V. Moran, Lewis Colby, Edwin
F. Proctor, Eben G. Beers, David Clark, A. S. Hill.
In publishing these letters, the "Wisconsin State
Journal," of June 15, 1865, said : —
The Second Massachusetts and the Third Wisconsin
Infantry have fought in the same brigade, side by side,
throughout the war. Among the earliest regiments in the
field, they first saw active service under Banks, in the Shen-
andoah Valley. When Stonewall Jackson, with his usual
force of '"''forty thousand men," fell upon Banks, these two
regiments covered the rear, and bore the brunt of the fight-
ing. They stood together at Cedar Mountain, under the
withering cross-fire of the enemy, when the noble Crane laid
down his life for his country. They fought at Antietam and
Gettysburg and Chancellorsville. Subsequently transferred
to the West, they formed a part of that invincible column,
which under Sherman hewed its way through the central
mountain fastnesses of the South, and poured down, an irre-
sistible torrent, through Georgia and the Carolinas. Both
regiments were among those that re-enlisted for the war.
We remember a conversation had, about a year ago, with
an officer of the Third, respecting the comparative merits of
Eastern and Western troops. He had served in the Army
of the Potomac and at the West, and had therefore large
opportunities for seeing and judging upon the subject. The
best troops in the service, the steadiest, bravest, and most
NORTHWARD.
287
trustworthy, he said, were those from New Englaud and the
Northwest. . . . He spoke particuhirly of the Second Massa-
chusetts as a specimen of New-Eughmd troops ; and said,
that, when the Third Wisconsin was first brigaded with them,
our Wisconsin boys conceived a strong antipathy against
them. The Massachusetts men were fitted up in the height
of military style. They had the finest tents and wagons in
the service, their uniforms were of the best material, they
wore white gloves on parade ; and our Wisconsin boys looked
upon them as a set of dandies and counter-jumpers who
would take tp their heels at the first approach of actual dan-
ger. By and by the hour of trial came. Stonewall Jackson
launched his thunderbolt upon Banks's little army. And lo !
while most of the troops were hastening out of harm's way,
there were the brawny boys of the old Third, and those
" white-gloved fellows " of the Second Massachusetts, side
by side, hanging stubbornly at the rear, their hearts swollen
with rage, covering the retreat, contesting every inch of
ground, °aud chastening the exultant foe with terrible punish-
ment from their well-aimed muskets. After that, said the
officer, there was no further distrust or contempt on either
side between the Third Wisconsin and the Second Massachu-
setts, but mutual good-will, affection, and pride in each other,
which were only increased as they became better acquainted,
under yet severer trials.
These two glorious old regiments have recently been
parted, the Third Wisconsin being ordered west, and the
Second I^Iassachusetts retained on duty at the east. Prior
to parting, the Massachusetts regiment drew up and signed a
letter to°the Third Wisconsin, expressing the sentiments
which they felt upon parting. This, together with the
response of the Third, has been forwarded to us for publica-
tion.
288 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
XXI.
THE END.
The Second remained in Washington until July 14.
It was on duty, furnishing patrols, and stationary
guards in various parts of the city. On the 12th of
July, orders having come for muster-out, Lieutenant-
Colonel Morse issued the following : —
Headquakters Second Mass. Infantkt.
Washington, D.C, July 12, 1865.
General Orders, No. 26.
To the Officers and 3Ien of the Second Massachusetts Infantry.
The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding takes this, his last,
opportunity to tender to you his congratulations, that, after
more than four years of hard service, you are enabled again
to go to your homes, and resume your peaceful avocations.
A brief review of your history in this regiment cannot
fail now to interest you.
At the very outbreak of the late rebellion, the Second
Massachusetts Infantry was organized. Its first year of
service was not an eventful one, and it only became famous
for its good discipline and appearance.
In the campaign of 1862, it had a more distinguished part
to act. On the night of May 24, your regiment, by its
steadiness and bravery, beat back greatly superior forces of
the enemy, and saved Banks's little army from total destruc-
THE END. 289
tion. All of honor that can be associated with the disastrous
retreat of the next day certainly belongs to you. Next came
Cedar Mountain : there, with the same determined bravery,
this regiment faced and fought three times its numbers ; and,
in twenty minutes, lost more than one-third of its enlisted
men, and more than one-half of its officers. Antietam,
Chaucellorsville, Beverly Ford, Gettysburg, and the great
campaigns of the West, with their numerous battles and
skirmishes, followed in quick succession ; and the war ended,
leaving with you a most brilliant and- satisfactory record, —
a record of courage, gallantry, and tenacity in battle, of
unflinching steadiness in defeat, of good discipline in camp,
and of respect and prompt obedience to all superiors : this is
the record which you can take to your homes, and it is known
and acknowledged throughout the length and breadth of your
State.
The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding does most sincerely
congratulate you Avho are now left in this command on havin"-
passed safely through this great struggle, which has termi-
nated so gloriously. He feels sure that no one of you will
ever regret your part in this war. As long as you live, and
whatever your future in life may be, you will think of your
soldier's career with the greatest pride and satisfaction : its
hardships and sufferings, its dangers and glories, have made
you all nobler, better, and more self-reliant men.
It will not be with pleasui'e alone, that you recall the events
of the past four years. With sadness you will bring to mind
the appearance of this regiment as it marched out of Camp
Andrew, July 8, 1861; and will think how many of the noblest
and best officers and men then comprising it now fill sol-
diers' graves. You will cherish the memories of these gallant
men ; and, though you lament their loss, you will remember
that they died in battle, bravely doing their duty, fighting for
their country and the right ; and you will thank God, when
you look about you, and see peace restored to this entire
19
290 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
country, that the sacrifice of their lives has not been in
vain.
The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding thanks you for your
adherence to your duties, and your fidelity to him, since he
has had the honor to command you. He assures you, that, in
taking leave of this old organization, he feels more pain than
pleasure : he has been with it since its first existence, has
shared its dangers, privations, and glories ; and now that it
has devolved upon him to write these words of farewell he
does so with unfeigned regret.
In conclusion, he hopes that the lessons taught by this war
will exert a beneficial influence on your future lives, and that
you may become good citizens and worthy members of
society. C. F. Morse,
Lieut. Col.y Coin. Second Mass. Infantry.
(OFFICIAL.)
On the 14tli of July, the men were mvistered out of
service, although not to be discharged until in camp in
Massachusetts.
On the 15th, it started by rail for home. At New
York, it was received and hospitably entertained by Col-
onel Howe, the agent for New-England troops. It
called also on General Hooker, and received a cordial
welcome. It had been in New York twice before,
once on the 9th of July, 1861, when it stacked arms
in City-hall Park, a thousand and forty strong. It
came back, a remnant, but victorious : it had then its
thirty-eight field, staff, and line officers. On the 16th
of July, 1865, Brigadier-General Cogswell, Lieutenant-
Colonel Morse, and Major Francis were the sole offi-
cers of that thirty-eight stiU holding commissions in the
organization.
THE END. 291
The regiment proceeded by the Neptune line of
steamers and the Providence Railway to lieadville,
Mass., where it went into camp, waiting to be paid off
and finally discharged. Its friends hoped that they
might give it a worthy reception in Boston ; but, to
their great disappointment, although all possible efforts
were made, the orders of the War Department would not
permit the regiment to go to that city, lieadville was
a barren and dull place to men who had served their
country so long, and who were impatient to reach home.
But the delay was borne well. It is due to them to say,
on the authority of Brigadier-General Pierce who was
in charge of that camp, that, though without guards or
arras, the men of the Second, as obedient as ever to
duty, gave no trouble.
Various complimentary promotions were made by the
Governor: Lieutenant - Colonel Charles F. Morse to
be colonel. Major James Francis to be lieutenant-
colonel, Captain Francis AY. Crowninshield to be
major, Fu'st Lieutenant Jesse Richardson to be cap-
tain, A. AV. Emerson to be first lieutenant ; and
Quartermaster-Sergeant Thomas B. Thurston, First Ser-
geants Charles Hastings, Leander G. Bowley, Charles
Edwards, Edwin Harlow, Samuel S. Jepson, Charles
II. lieald, Charles O. McKinstry, Andrew Voll, and
Commissary-Sergeant David Casey, as second lieuten-
ants. But the reduced force of the regiment did not
allow them to be mustered as such into the United-
States service. But several officers were bre vetted in
the volunteer service by the President : Lieutenant-
292 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY.
Colonel Morse as colonel, Major Francis as lieutenant-
colonel, to date from March 13, 1865.
The last order was issued —
Headquarters Second Mass. Infantry,
Readville, Mass. July 19, 1865.
Company commanders will turn over all ordnance and
ordnance stores in their possession to an agent of Major
Rodman, Superintendent of Watertown Arsenal.
By command of
Lieutenant-Colonel C. F. Morse.
John A. Fox, Adjutant.
The arms were useless now. The war was ended.
On the 26th daj^ of July, 1865, the men broke ranks
for ever. The Second Massachusetts had passed into
history.
On the 22d day of December, 1865, the colors
of the Second, with the colors of all the Massachu-
setts troops, were deposited in the State House.
Fifty men of the regiment, under Major Francis,
escorted them to their resting place. No names of
battles were ever inscribed upon the battle-flag. Its
pierced and torn folds, riddled by shot and shell, silently
tell its story.
On the 11th day of May, 1866, some of the com-
rades went to the old ground of Camp Andrew. It
was the fifth anniversary of the forming of that camp.
They paused at the familiar entrance where the guard
THE END. 293
Imd once challenged the visitor. The house was un-
changed since the sentinel had ceased to walk his post
before headquarters. The marks of the little trenches
about the first tents, the rains had not yet washed away.
Here and there were found a few scraps of decayed can-
vas, and slight remnants of tent-pins. The flag-staff
still stood, from which no flag had floated since the
summer day when the banner of the Second left it.
Recollections of D wight and Sargent, of Savage, Abbott,
Gary, Goodwin, Mudge, Williams, Sedgwick, Hill,
Shaw, Robeson, Choate, and Perkins, — all dead for
their country, — and of the hundreds of the brave and
faithful in the ranks gone with them, were fresh in
memory. The comrades plucked some bright spring
flowers, and left the spot to silence.
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
THE MEN.
I.
THE ENLISTED MEN.
The regimental " descriptive book," compared with the
company books, is the basis of the following record.
Some omissions have been supplied from the records at
the State House. When discrepancies have been found
between the regimental books and those in the adjutant-
general's office, the former, except in cases of known
error, have been followed, those books having been
prepared and revised with great care.
No names are included, except those found on the
books of the regiment. Hence those of many persons
who enlisted but never joined the regiment, — most of
them those who enlisted for the bounty in 1804, and
desei'ted on the road, — are not, and ought not to be,
found in this list. They were never members of the
regiment, although appearing upon the records at the
State House.
•It will be seen that these lists are in two parts : first,
that of the men enlisting during the first term of ser-
vice ; secondly, that of the re-enlisted men, and the
296 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
recruits of the second term of service. The second
term was held to begin with Jan. 1, 1864, as to the re-
enlisted men ; but, for those not re-enlisting, their term
ends with the three years' service, May 23, 1864, and in
some cases later. Hence this history of the re-enlisted
men is not completed in the first list : it will be noticed
that the phrase " See Second Term " occurs in such
instances. But the history of the men not re-enlisting
goes on, in the first list, past Jan. 1, 1864, to the com-
pletion of their term of service.
The term " re-enlisted " is always to be understood to
bear date, Dec. 31, 1863, except in the very few cases
otherwise specified. The term " mustered out " invari-
ably denotes expiration of the term of enlistment.
" Discharged " is used only in cases where the full term
had not expired ; and theground of discharge is always
Sriven. The date of "muster-out" for the first term is
conformed to that given in the adjutant-general's report,
May 28, 1864, although, according to the decision of the
War Department, it was May 23, 1864 ; while actually
it was May 30, at Chattanooga, and the men were not
discharged until June 7, — while, for whole companies,
the three years expired May 10. The rule adopted by
the War Department considered the original " muster-
in " to be May 24, 1861. The ten companies were
actually mustered in before the 20th. In the following
lists, the actual date of enlistment is given in all known
cases, — all before May 11, 1861, however, being
brought to that date. The State reports give July 14,
1865, as the day of final discharge. The papers were
THE ENLISTED MEN. 297
made out that day, but the men were kept in service
and paid to July 26. The latter date is therefore
adopted in these pages.
The various items regarding each soldier have been
compiled from the regimental and company descriptive-
books, the morning report-books, the monthly returns,
the memoranda of the writer — as to casualties — made
upon the field, the diaries of various officers ; corrected
by the personal information of many officers and men
to whom all the first term's record was read, and by the
help of some of whom it has since been continued. By
this personal consultation, many facts were supplied,
and discrepancies reconciled. The admirably compiled
papers in the adjutant-general's office, have also been
of the greatest service.
The compiler is painfully conscious that some errors
will be found in these pages ; but, for each item, there
is authority, and no suspected error has passed without
careful investigation.
298 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
THE MEN OP THE FIRST TERM OF
SERVICE.
COMPANY A.i
Aldrich, Loammi B. 25. Stanstead, C.E. Teamster.
11 May, 1861. Lowell.^ — Detailed regimental wagoner,
I July, 1861 ; detached as brigade wagonei*, 22 Dec., 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Atkinson, Ira. 19. Sandwich, N.H. Shearer. 11 May
1861. Lowell. — Deserted 23 June, 1861.
Babcock, Alonzo J. 26. Norwich, Vt. "Weaver. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred 21 Dec, 1861, to
Company H ; which see.
Bailey, James H. 19. Lowell, Mass. Operative. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, near
Winchester. Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville; exchanged. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bailey, Walter S. 19. Lowell, Mass. Calico printer.
II May, 1861. LoweU. — Corporal, 12 Feb., 1862; ser-
1 The usual order is reversed, and the officers' record placed last, in the
hope of procuring additional information regarding some of the latter, prior
to printing.
2 For the sake of brevity, the designation of the items of the Jirst line, to
each name, are omitted. This line, if printed in full, would read: Aldrich,
Loammi B. Aged 25, when enlisted. Born in Stanstead, C.E. Teamster
by occupation. Enlisted 11 May, 1861. Residence when enlisted, Lowell.
The words in Italics are to be understood in each case; the same order
being preserved, and ignorance of any item being denoted by points.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 299
geant, 14 Jan., 1863. Discharged 24 April, 18G3, to re-
ceive commission of second lieutenant in the Twenty-eighth
Massachusetts.
Ball, Henry C. 22. Billerica, Mass. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg; and died in consequence, 17 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg.
Barker, Moses D. 31. Lowell, Me. Moulder. 14 Oct.
1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 14 Oct., 1864.
Bascom, Wallace. 31. Newport, N.H. Painter. 6 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get-
tysburg.
Bassktt, Joseph C. 22. Corinna, Me. Weaver. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1861. Killed in action,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
BiCKFORD, David. 27. Barrington, N.H. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Tewksbury. — Detailed as regimental wag-
oner, July, 1861, to . • . 1861: and again, 9 April, 1863, to
26 Sept., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Blake, Charles G. 21. Brownington, Vt. Painter. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Appointed marker, August, 1862.
Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; re-
turned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Bowman, James A. 25. Tyrone, Ireland. Painter. 6
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1868, at
Gettysburg; returned to duty in a few days. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Bowman, William. 23. Tyrone, Ireland. Moulder. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Briggs, Franklin W. 29. Sumner, Me. Carder. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg ; transferred to Invalid Corps.
Briggs, John, jun. 37. Sumner, Me. Spinner. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in knee-joint, 3 July, 1863, at
300 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Gettysburg ; and died in consequence, 8 Aug., 18G3, at Get-
tysburg.
Bright, Henry. 27. Surrey, England. Weaver. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
Brown, Daniel W. 21. Hebron, Conn. Weaver. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached to division ambulance
corps, 16 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Brown, George H. 20. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as regimental wagoner.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
BULLARD, William T. 37. Oxford, Mass. Shoemaker.
18 Aug., 1862. Framingham. — Killed in action, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg.
BuLLENS, Frank M. 19. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 25 Oct.
1862.
Burns, John. 19. Sandford, England. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in head (by shell), 24
May, 1862, near Newtown, Va. ; returned to duty in a few
days. Wounded in shoulder (exsection), 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg ; discharged in consequence, 27 Oct., 1863. —
(Rolls at State House say " expiration of term of service.")
BuTTERFiELD, Dextcr. 19. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer.
15 Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred to Company A
from Company H, 21 Dec, 1861. Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863;
sergeant, 1 July, 1864. Mustered out 14 Oct., 1864.
Buxton, Frank W. 26. Londonderry. Commercial agent.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; and discharged in consequence, 21
Nov., 1862.
Buxton, George W. 28. Nelson, N.H. Truckman. 11
May, 1861. LowelL — Corporal, 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded
in both ankles, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; and died
in consequence, at Alexandria, Va.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 301
Callahan, John. 28. Ireland. Carder. 11 May, 18G1.
Lowell. — Deserted 8 June, 1861.
Cheney, David J. 38. Shrewsbury, Vt. Carpenter. 7
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in wrist, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 18 Jan.,
1864.
CoNLAN, Allan H. 20. Dracut, Mass. Blacksmith. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to . . .
June, 1861. Having been sent to hospital in Washington,
in 1861, was appointed ward-master; and was discharged
by order of the War Department, 1 July, 1862, to receive
the appointment of hospital steward.
Cook, James W. 29. Reading, Mass. Furniture manu-
facturer. 11 May, 1861. Reading. — Corporal, 14 Aug.,
1861 ; Sergeant, 14 July, 1862 ; First sergeant, 27 Dec,
1862. Wounded in hand, 24 May, 1862, at Kernstown,
Va.; not disabled. Wounded 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville; not disabled. Promoted to be second lieutenant,
19 March, 1863. — See Commissioned Officers.
Daggett, Andrew J. 32. Burlington, Vt. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as hospital ward-mas-
ter, 12 May, 1861. Died of small-pox, Januai-y, 1864, at
Washington, D.C.
Davis, James A. 18. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 15
Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred to Company A
from Company H, 21 Dec, 1861. Wounded in leg, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; and discharged in consequence,
23 Jan., 1863.
Day, Charles. 24. Littleton, N.H. Teamster. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Detached as wagoner, to corps head-
quarters, 16 Jan., 1863; to Quartermaster's Department,
Brigade, 16 April, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Demmixg, John F. 26. Saco, Me. Butcher. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 17 Feb., 1862.
302 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
DuNNELL, Charles S. 22. Wiscasset, Me. Glass-silverer.
24 May, 1861. East Cambridge. — Transferred to Com-
pany A from Company B, 4 April, 1863. Company
musician, 4 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
DuRGiN, Leavitt C. 18. B . . . N.Y. Weaver. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 22 Dec., 1861; "a just recog-
nition of his soldierly qualities and conduct." Color corpo-
ral, 4 July, 1862 ; sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863 ; color sergeant,
28 Feb., 1863. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg. " To lament with you the loss of our brave young
color-bearer," said Colonel Cogswell in General Order.
DusTiN, Eben S. 19. Nashua, N.H. Tailor. 11 May,
1861. Nashua, N.H. — Wounded in elbow, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam ; and died in consequence, 4 Feb., 1863,
at Harrisburg, Penn.
Dyer, Looman H. 24. Freeman, Me. Watchman. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain.
Emery, Samuel T. 22. Piermont, N.H. Dealer. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 19 Oct.,
1862.
Farnham, George W. 19. East Pittsport, Me. Lumber-
man. 12 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as attendant in
regimental hospital, 16 June, 1862. Detached as orderly
at division headquarters, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Ferson, Levi 0. 21. Nashua, N.H. Brakeman. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Ser-
geant, 12 May, 1863. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty in 1862. Wounded in
head, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 17
Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Flemming, James. 21. Tason, L-eland. Moulder. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 303
Fletcher, Orra A. 34. Westford, Mass. Operative. 7
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 18 Nov.,
1863.
Foster, James L. 22. Rutland, Vt. Weaver. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 27 Nov., 1862,
near Sharpsburg, Md.
Foster, Nathaniel D. P. 21. Ludlow, Vt. Machinist.
11. May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in breast, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; and transfen*ed to Invalid Corps,
I July, 1863.
Foster, Silas P. 31. Eutland, Vt. Dresser. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get-
tysburg.
Foster, Willard. 24. Mendon, Vt. Carder. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in arm (amputated) and in
leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in consequence,
8 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Fuller, Charles H. 19. Lowell, Mass. Spinner. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in ankle, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 13 Feb.,
1863.
Fuller, Edwin A. 20. Lowell, Mass. Carpet operative.
II May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 14
July, 1861.
Garland, John A. 19. Tewksbury, Mass. Milkman.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Gelrat, Joseph W. 24. Manchester, England. Weaver.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1.861. Trans-
ferred 22 Dec, 1861, to Company H; which see. — See
also Commissioned Officers.
George, John F. 22. Boscawen, N.H. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861; color
sergeant, 4 July, 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant,
10 Aug., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
304 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INJFANTRY.
GiPFORD, Leonard G. 18. Lowell, Mass. Engine driver.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 20
Dec, 1861.
GiLMAN, Newhall G. 35. Norridgewock, Me. Watchman.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; and died in consequence, 14 Sept.,
1862, at Alexandria, Va.
GiROUx, Thomas C. 32. Montreal, C.E. Dresser. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as company musician.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Glines, Amos. 44. Moultonborough, N.H. Blacksmith.
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Goodwin, Alfred R. 21. Lowell, Mass. Operative. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Deserted 8 June, 1861.
Gray, Timothy. 22. Lowell, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Died of heart disease, 2 Nov., 1862,
near Sharpsburg, Md.
Hall, Jeremiah S. 32. Salem, N.H. Salesman. 11
May, 1861. Lowell.— Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Wounded
in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; retui'ned to duty,
25 Dec, 1862. Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863. KiUed
in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Hanson, Ephraim C. 33. Ossipee, N.H. Box-maker. 6
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Harlow, Edwin. 26. Liverpool, N.S. Salesman. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — At regimental headquarters, 25
July, 1861, to 12 Nov., 1862. Re-enlisted 31 Dec,
1863. — See Second Term.
Hastings, Charles. 26. Amherst, N.H. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Ser-
geant, 25 April, 1863, to 10 May, 1863. Corporal again,
13 March, 1864. Detached as carpenter to artillery am-
munition train, 27 May, 1863, to 22 July, 1863. Re-enlisted
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 305
Hates, Edwin K. 21. Poland, Me. Operative. 11 May,
1861. Clinton. — Dropped from rolls, 27 July, 18G3.
Hazelton, Henry T. 20. Boston, IMass. Machinist. 11
May, 1801. Boston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 18G2, at
Cedar Mountain.
Heoy, Patrick. 20. Leitrini, Ireland. Carder. 11 May,
18G1. Lowell. — Corporal, 12 May, 1863. Killed in ac-
tion, 3 July, 1863, at Getty.-burg.
HiBBARD, Thaddeus A. 19. Franklinville, N.Y. Farmer.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 5 Aug.,
1861, at Ilagerstown, Md.
IIiXES, Richard S. 29. Munson, Me. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Munson, Me. — Detached to division ambulance corps,
16 Oct., 1862. Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863.
Hunter, Robert. 38. St. Johns, N.B. Laborer. 12 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; discharged in consequence, 4 Feb., 1864.
Huntley, Matthew. 22. Trowbridge, England. Black-
smith. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 12 May,
1863. Wounded through arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; discharged in consequence in . . . 1863.
Ingalls, Charles F. 26. Lynn, Mass. Clerk. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 22 Feb., 1864.
IvERs, James. 25. . . . Ireland. Moulder. 11 May, 1861.
Lowell. — Wounded in face, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
discharged in consequence, 22 Feb., 1864.
Jackson, John P. 23. Durham, N.H. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Jaques, Silas H. 18. Manchester, N.II. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as company musician.
Discharged for disability, 29 Jan., 1863.
Jones, Conley R. 21. Andover, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. LoweU. — Deserted 15 June, 1861.
20
30G SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Kidder, John W. 21. Lowell, Mass. Moulder. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb.,
1864.
KiTTREDGE, Edmund R. 22. Newburyport, Mass. Painter.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietara ; and discharged in consequence, 12
Dec., 1862.
Ladd, William W. 26. Lowell, Mass. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17 Nov.,
1862.
Lamb, George. 23. Langdon, N.H. Carpenter. 1 1 May,
1861. Langdon, N.H. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Wounded
in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; riot disabled. De-
tailed to duty at Long Island, Boston Harbor, 27 July,
1863. Absent on recruiting service, 23 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
Lane, Lyman. 18. St. Albans, Me. Blacksmith. 7 Oct.,
1861. North Tewksbury. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; dropped from the rolls, 27 July,
1863 ; discharged, no date given.
Lee, William M. 22. Stanstead, C.E. Machinist. 11
May, 1S61. Lowell — Wounded in ear, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Levers ee, Wesley R. 24. Smyrna, N.Y. Carpenter.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863.
Color corporal, 14 Jan., 1863, to 12 Oct., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Livingston, Nelson S. 19. Lowell, Mass. Salesman.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain.
LovEJOY, Jonathan W. 44. Hollis, N.H. Policeman.
11 May, 1861. LoweU. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861.
Discharged for disability, 5 Nov., 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 307
Magkk, Deyea. 28. Decatur, N.Y. Carder. 11 May,
18GI. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 18G1, to 14 July,
18G2. Discharged for disability, 9 March, 1863.
INIasox, Ripley E. 20. Mercer, Me. Shoemaker. 1 1
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Hospital attendant, 13 Aug., 18(51.
Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863.
IMcAltim:, Thomas D. 22. Lowell, Mass. Wool-spinner.
11 May, 1801. Lowell. — AVouudcd in shoulder (by
shell) and in abdomen, '.) Aug., 1802, at Cedar Mountain;
returned to duty, 19 Aug., 1802. Wounded in heel, 17
Sept., 1802, at Antietam ; and discharged in consequence,
25 June, 1803. Commissioned as second lieutenant in
Invalid Corps.
McAi.piXE, William T. 21. Saxonville, Mass. Wheel-
wright. 11 IVIay, 1801. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 April,
1803. Wounded in arm, in thigh, and through the body,
9 Aug., 1802, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, . . .
Wounded in the head, 3 May, 1803, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 24 Aug., 1863. Re-
enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term.
McIxTiRE, Albion C. 20. Waterford, Me. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. North Reading (Lowell?). — Detached to
Fourth United-States Artillery, 8 April, 1802. Discharged
for disability, 4 June, 1862.
McLaugiilix, Michael J. 19. Clinton, Mass. Grocer.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 5 May, 1802,
at Brock's Gap, Massanutten Mountains ; escaped from
the camp of the enemy, and reached the regiment, 13 May.
Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1802, at Winchester. Dropped
from the rolls as deserter (on furlough.)
Miles, William II. 25. Limerick, Me. Carder. 11 May,
1801. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Sergeant, 13
July, 1803. Re-enli.stcd 31 Dec, 1863. — See Second
Term.
«
308 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRT.
Minor, Charles. 31. Armand, C.E. Operative. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at
Resaca, Geo. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Morse, Alexander. 19. South Boston, Mass. Fuller.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in knee, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty in a few days.
Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Morse, George R. 23. Kennebunk, Me. Dentist. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, . . . June, 1861, to 14
Aug., 1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1861, at Winchester ;
returned to company, 25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Moss, William. 26. Manchester, England. Opei-ative in
cloth room, 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25
May, 1861, to 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded in wrist, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 10
Nov., 1863.
NpTTER, Luther P. 22. Ossipee, N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville.
O'Hare, Andrew J. 22. Salem, Mass. Moulder. 11
May, 1861. Lowell (Salem ?). — Taken prisoner, 27 Aug.,
1862, in hospital at Warrenton, Va. Discharged for dis-
ability, 4 Nov., 1862.
O'Hare, Polinus. 21. Portland, Me. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Lowell (Salem?). — Discharged for disabihty, 20
Dec, 1862.
Page, George W. 20. Canaan, N.H. Harness-maker.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken prisoner; returned to
duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Detached to division ambulance
corps, 28 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Page, Lucius. 19. Hyde Park, Vt. Machinist. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 April, 1863. Wounded in
arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; wounded in thigh,
THE ENLISTED MEN. 309
3 May, 18G3, at Chancellorsville ; and died in consequence,
June, 18G3, at Acqiiia Landing, Va.
Pendergast, Richard. 25. Portland, Me. Carpenter,
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, January, 18G2 ; ser-
geant, 14 Jan., 18G3 ; first sergeant, 25 April, 1863.
Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned
to duty, 24 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See
Second Term.
Perkins, Charles E. 40. Swanton, Vt. Carder. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. ^ Discharged for disability, 5 Nov., 1862.
Phelps, Francis D. 23. Leominster, Mass. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Wounded
in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; and dis-
charged in consequence, 26 Jan., 1863.
Phillips, Samuel R. 34. Brecon, Wales. Book-keeper.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861, to
13 Feb., 1862; color sergeant, . . . 1861, to . . . 1862.
Discharged for disability, 25 Oct., 1862.
Pickering, Theophilus D. 22. Gorham, Me. Lamp-
lighter. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached to division
ambulance train, 16 Oct., 1862, to 16 July, 1863. Detailed
as regimental wagoner, January, 1864. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Prouty, Sidney S. 31. Onondaga Co., N.Y. Mason.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wouuded through leg (below
knee), 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in conse-
quence, 19 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Richards, William C. 26. Camden, Me. Cooper. 11
May, 1861. Lowell (Camden, Me. ?). — Discharged for dis-
ability, .. . 1862.
RoBBiNS, Leverett. 40. Ipswich, Mass. Carriage-maker.
28 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 16
Jan., 1863.
RvEPtSON, Horace. 26. Livermore Falls, Me. Lumber-
man. 12 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Died of chronic diar-
rhoea, 3 Dec, 1861, at Alexandria, Va.
310 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY.
Sargeant, John S. 18. Lowell, Mass. Salesman. 9
July, 1862. Lowell. — Absent 28 May, 1864, when mus-
tered out.
Sawyer, Nathan D. A. 22. Salem, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861; ser-
geant, 12 Feb., 1862. Wounded through the chest, 25
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to regiment, 13 Sept.
1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862. —
See Gommissioned Officers.
Seymour, George H. 28. Maidstone, England. Painter.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17
Dec, 1861.
Sherman, George W. 18. Lowell, Mass. Scholar. 1
July, 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 May,
1863, at Chj^ncellorsville ; not disabled. Missing on march
from Kingston, Ga., 6 June, 1864 ; probably prisoner. Re-
ported as having died in Andersonville prison.
Sherman, William H. 20. Lowell, Mass. Weaver. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at
' Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Shirley, James H. 24. Portland, Me. Moulder. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; and discharged in consequence, 6 Nov.,
1862.
Spaulding, Oscar. 18. Lowell, Mass. Weaver. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh and in arm, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; and died in consequence, Aug.,
1862, at Alexandria, Va.
Stacy, John R. 30. Manchester, N.H. Shoemaker. 12
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability (result of
sun-stroke), 16 Jan., 1863.
Stickney, Henry E. 21. Andover, Mass. School-teacher.
12 June, 1861. Wilmington. — Discharged for disability,
12 Aug., 1861.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 311
Stovku, Jesse G. 23. South Tliomuston, Me. Spinner.
11 May, 18G1. Lowell.— Sergeant, 25 May, 1861, to 25
April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
SwKAT, Joseph S. G. 18. Lowell, Mass. Sash and blind
maker. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disabil-
ity, 1 June, 1861.
Tic EHURST, James. 33. Derby, Vt. Machinist. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 10
June, 1861; detached as wagoner in corps train, 21 Jan.,
1863, and made master-wagoner. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Tii/roN, Charles F. 21. Lowell, Mass. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 5 Feb.,
1863. Wounded in wrist, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun-
tain ; returned to the regiment, but, being disabled, was de-
tailed as clerk to brigade quartermaster, 5 Feb., 1863
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Tripp, James E. 22. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 April, 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863.
AVounded through neck, 3 May, 1863, at ChancellorsviHe ;
returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec.,
1863. — See Second Term.
Truk, Emmons T. 24. Freeman, Me. Watchman. 7
Aug., 1862. Lowelh — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Tuck, Andrew J. 43. Fayette, Me. Dresser (overseer).
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
TuCKERMAN, Prentiss. 19. Cambridge, Mass. Engine-
driver. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disa-
bility, in 1861.
Upton, Joseph. 39. Tyngsboro', Mass. Carpet-weaver.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as company cook, 15
July, 1861, but served with his musket in each action in
whicli the company was engaged. AYounded in right arm,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 20
Aug., 1862. Absent sick, 28 May, 1864, when musteied
out. (Universally esteemed and loved.)
312 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Walker, Rosalvo M. 19. Wilton, Me, Weaver. 11
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 18G3. Taken
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty,
23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in face, 3 May, 1862, at Chancel-
lorsville ; returned to duty, 21 July, 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Written, Eben B. 24. Wilton, Me. Spinner. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — First sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Killed in
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Wilson, Foster. 35. Hudson, N.H. Carder (overseer).
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863,
Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned
to duty, 21 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See
Second Term. •
Wright, Lewis C. 24. Berlin, Vt. Weaver. 11 May,
1861. Lowell. — Died of dysentery, 5 Oct., 1862, at
Maryland Heights.
COMPANY B.
Abbott, James. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Farmer. 25 May,
1861. Shapleigh, Me. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Alton, Samuel T.' 21. Sandwich, Mass. Cabinet-maker.
May, 1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded
in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in conse-
quence, 17 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Appleton, James M. P. 19. Milton, N.H. Machinist.
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — AVounded 17 Oct., 1862, at
Antietam ; and transferred to Invalid Corps, 27 Sept., 1863.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 313
BiCKFORD, Cliavles IT. 20. Boston, Mass. Machinist.
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Cliancellorsville.
Blakk, Darius G. 21. Salem, INTass. Laborer. IMay,
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 28 Feb., 1863.
BowLEY, Leander G. 18. . . . Me. Farmer. May, 1861.
Chelmsford. — Corporal, 4 Oct., 1862. Sergeant, 15 Feb.,
1863. AVounded in arm and side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted 31
Dec, 1863. — Sec Second Term.
Brekn, Owen. 25. Tyrone, L'eland. Farmer. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun-
tain ; returned to duty, 11 Oct., 1862. Deserted 24 Aug.,
1863.
Brooks, George. 26. Gardner, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. Gardner. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Absent in
hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
BuTLAXD, Edward. 20. Kennebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter.
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester, and paroled; returned to duty, 13
Dec, 1862. AVounded in side, 3 ]\Lay, 1863, at Chancel-
lorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Cady, J.jhnD. 20. New Bedford, Mass. Farmer. May,
\^SA. Vassalboro', Me. — Wounded tlirough chest, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; and died in consequence, 30 Sept.,
1862, at Frederick, Md.
Callahan, Daniel. 21. Cork, Ireland. Glass-maker,
11 Aug., 1862. East Cambridjze. — Wounded in shoulder,
3 May, 1863, at Cliancellorsville; returned to duty, 9 Oct.,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Carney, James. 20. England. Curdwainer. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Wounded in head, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ;
not disabled. Wounded in shoulder, 3 Maj', 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps.
314 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Carney, John. 19. Cork, Ireland. Baker. May, 18G1.
Haverhill. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 18G2, at Antietam ;
and discharged in consequence, 23 Dec, 18G2.
Cheever, Appleton. 18. Dracut, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 18G4.
Christie, Robert. 25. Tyrone, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Wounded 17 Sept., 18G2, at An-
tietam ; not disabled. Killed in action, 3 May, 18G3, at
Chaucellorsville.
Clark, William W. 18. Waterville, Me. Farmer. May.
18G1. Lowell. — Re-enlijted and transferred 1 Jan., 18G4,
to Company K; which see. — See Second Term.
Clough, Thomas H. 24. Tamworth, N.H. Blacksmith,
May, 18G1. LowelL — Corporal, May, 18G1, to 12 Aug.,
18G1. Discharged for disability, 30 Nov., 18G2.
Colby, Lucius. 35. Sutton, Vt. Painter. 9 Aug., 1862.
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 18 Aug., 18G2.
CoNLAN, Peter. 22. Monahan, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1 8G 1 . East Cambridge. — Wounded through neck, through
side, and through leg, 3 July, 18G3, at. Gettysburg; and
died in consequence, 9 July, 18G3, at Gettysburg.
Cook, Benjamin F. 22. Shapleigh, Me. Farmer. May,
1861. Shapleigh, Me. — Discharged for disability, 21 Feb.,
1862.
CoRBETT, William J. 21. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. LowelL — Wounded in side, 3 May, 1863, at
Chaucellorsville; returned to duty, 27 Oct., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Crooker, Thomas. 32. Eastport, Me. Laborer. May,
1861. Boston. — Deserted May, 1861.
Crosson, James F. 22. Philadelphia, Pa. Billiard-maker.
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 12 Aug.,
1861. Taken prisoner, 24 May, 1862, at Strasburg, Va. ;
returned to duty, 28 Oct., 1862. Ke-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863.
— See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 315
CuMMiNGS, Frederick. 20. Atlinl, INLiss. Cordwaincr. May,
1861. Orange. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 18G3.
Dacey, John. 32. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. May, ISGl.
Boston. — Deserted 9 Jidy, 18G1.
Damon, Alva. 21. Buckfield, Me. Farmer. IMay, 18G1,
Paris, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at Winches-
ter; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Deering, William. 33. Tyrone, Ireland. Spinner. 9
July, 1862. Lowell. — Killed in action at Averysboro',
N.C., 16 March, 1865.
Dillon, Thomas. 31. Clare, L-eland. Teamster. 24
July, 1862. Brookline. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Antietam.
DniMiCK, John G. 29. Lyme, N.H. Laborer. 18 May,
1861. Windham, Me. (Lyme, N.H.?). — Detailed as regi-
mental wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Discharged for disability,
22 May, 1862.
Dow, Charles H. 20. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Sanford, Me. — Corporal, 29 Nov., 1862, to 10
May, 1863; and again, 17 July, 1863 (''for good behavior
in action at Gettysburg"), to 1 Oct., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
DuNXELL, Charles S. 22. Wiscasset, Me. Glass-silverer.
24 May, 1861. East Cambridge. — Enlisted company-
musician. Transferred 4 April, 1863, to Company A;
which see.
Eaton, Simeon. 24. Westminster, Mass. Painter. May,
1861. Gardner. — Wounded in back (side shot), 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 12 Oct.,
1862; discharged in consequence of wound, 18 Oct., 1862.
Edavauds, Henry. 20. Boston, Mass. Gas-fitter. 28
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Taken prisoner (wounded), 9
June, 1863, at Beverly Ford; discharged- in consequence,
9 Oct., 1863.
316 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Emery, Martin B. 22. Dixmont, Me. Farmer. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 29 Jan., 1863.
Emmons, Benjamin. 43. St. Johns, N.B. Shoemaker. 8
Aug., 1862. . . . Sent to hospital, Aug., 1862; discharged
for disability, 4 March, 1863.
Evans, James A. 21. Limerick, Me. Laborer. 11 May,
1861. Limerick, Me. — Corporal, May, 1861. Sergeant.
1 Aug., 1861. Drowned in the Shenandoah River, near
Edenburg, Va., 9 April, 1862, while in discharge of duty.
Fagan, Michael. 21. Russell, Mass. Currier. May,
1861. Dalton. — Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; discharged in consequence, 9 Oct., 1862.
Flanagan, James. 22. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1861, to 6 July, 1861.
Deserted 22 Aug., 1861.
Foss, John C. 36. Derry, N.IL Painter. 9 Aug., 1862.
Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Freeman, George. 24. Birmingham, England. Laborer,
May, 1861. Boston. — Drowned in the Shenandoah River,
near Edenburg, Va., 9 April, 1862, while in discharge of
duty.
French, Charles. 25. Porter, Me. Blacksmith. May, 1861.
Newfield, Me. — Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville; returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Gardiner, Benjamin B. 26. Salem, Mass. Carpenter.
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; and discharged in consequence.
Garrity, Daniel. 23. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester;
returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in face and
neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 19
Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
GiLSON, Albert. 22. Dunstable, Mass. Teamster. 12 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Ce-
dar Mountain.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 317
Gleason, John. 22. Limerick, Ireland. Laborer. May,
186L Chicopee. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 18G3, at
Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 17 Jan., 186-1:. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Gordon, Elbridge G. 24. Solon, Me. Painter. May,
1861. Solon, Me. — Detached as assistant to division
commissary, 1 March, 18G2. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Gould, John. 39. Groton, Mass. Teamster. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Detailed as company cook, 1861. Re-culisted
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term.
Green, William R. 21. Salem, Mass. Tanner. May, 1861.
Salem. — Taken prisoner, August, 1862, near Manassas
Junction; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863. Re-enlisted
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term..
Greenough, Daniel S. 31. Salem, Mass. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, October, 1862. Woun-
ded in head, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca; and died in conse-
quence, 6 June, 1864.
Griffin, John. 21. Cork, Ireland. Upholsterer. 11 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; i-eturned to duty, 21 Aug., 1863. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Grisavold, Alonzo. 24. Hinsdale, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Dalton (Hinsdale ?). — Sergeant, May, 1861. Color
sergeant, Dec, 1862, to . . . 1862. Detached on service at
Long Island, Boston Harbor, 26 July, 1863 ; absent 28
May, 1864, when mustered out.
Griswold, Dwight F. 21. New Orleans, La. Painter.
May, 1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Sergeant, May, 1861,
to 1 Aug., 1861. Enlisted in Fourth United-States Artil-
lery, 27 Oct., 1862 ; was afterwards wounded, and died in
consequence.
Ham, Edwin. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. May, 1861.
Salem (Boston?). — Discharged for disability, 1 1 Aug., 1861.
318 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
HA:\r, Martin L. 19. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. May,
1861. Boston. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Discharged
for disability, 22 May, 18G2.
Hanson, Gardner L. 31. Barnston, C.W. Laborer. May,
1861. Boston. — Wounded in face and shoulder, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864,
when mustered out.
Hatch, Robert. 22. Kennebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter.
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Sergeant, May, 1861 ;
first sergeant, 1 Aug., 1861. AVounded through shoulder,
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence,
29 Oct., 1862.
Hearn, James. 19. Staffordshire, England. Blacksmith.
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted June, 1861.
Hill, James P. 21. Kennebunk, Me. Farmer. May,
1861. Kennebunk, Me, — Enlisted in Fourth United-
States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862.
Hill, Joseph. 21. Groton, Mass. Law student. May,
1861. Charlestown. — Had served under General Have-
lock in the march to Lucknow. First sergeant, May, 1861 ;
discharged 1 Aug., 1861, to receive commission of second
lieutenant in First Maine Cavalry ; was subsequently cap-
tain in the Fifth Kentucky Cavalry, and aide to General
Rosecrans ; resigned in January, 1864.
HoGAN, Patrick. 20. Tipperary, Ireland. Machinist. . May,
1861. Chicopee. — Taken prisoner, 12 Dec, 1862, near
Hillsboro', Va. ; dropped from the rolls, 29 Feb., 1864 ;
said to have been' discharged in March, 1863.
Holland, John. 21. Tyrone, L-eland. Tailor. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Detailed as company musician, June, 1861 ;
taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Holmes, Charles W. 21. Preston Hill, N.Y. Black-
smith. May, 1861. Dalton. - — Taken prisoner, 9 June,
1863, at Beverly Ford; returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 319
Holt, Henry H. 20 N.H. Dairyman. May, 1861.
Clielmsford. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 April,
1863.
HoRGAN, Michael. 20. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 30 July,
18G2. — See Second Term.
HoYT, Charles N. 20. Lowell, Mass. Dairyman. Slay,
1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, September, 1862, while
in hospital in Frederick, Md., and paroled; returned to
duty, 3 April, 1863. Discharged for disability, 22 April,
1863.
Huff, Thatcher J. 22. Kennebnnkport, Me. Farmer.
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Wounded through chest,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken prisoner;
discharged in consequence of wounds, 5 Feb., 1863.
Hurley, Timothy. 22. Waterford, L-cland. Glovemaker.
May, 1861. Rowley. — Taken prisoner, 25 ]\Iay, 1862,
at Winchester, and paroled ; returned to duty, 13 Dec,
1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
absent until mustered out, 28 May, 1864.
Jonxsox, Augustus. 18. Roxbiiry, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Alford. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 June, 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Jonxsox, Thomas. 21. Liverpool, England. Cotton-spin-
ner._ May, 1861. Athol. — Corporal, 15 Jan., 1862 ; color-
corporal, 12 Oct., 1863. Wounded in hand, 24 May, 1862,
at NcAvtown, Va. ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — '^ee Second
Term.
Kelley, George F. 19. Pittsfield, Mass. Moulder. May,
1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, June, 1861.
Kelset, Jeremiah A. 27. Newport, N.H. Painter. 7
Aug., 1862. Lowell.— Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Ke.mp, William H. 28. Lowell, :\rass. Painter. 29 July,
1862. Lowell.— Discharsed for disabilitv, 16 .Ian., 1863.
320 SECOKD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Kenny, Martin. 35. Galway, Ireland. Shoemaker. 28
Aug., 1862. Marlboro'. — Woundecl in face, 15 May,
1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Kernealy, Dennis. 19. Cork, Ireland. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted 14 May, 1863.
Keyes, Stephen F. 20. North Chelmsford, Mass. Law
student. 12 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 1 Oct.,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. Practising law in
Boston.
King, James. 24. Dublin, Ireland. Farmer. May, 1861.
Cambridge. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
KiNJiONTH, Hugh. 27. Cork, Ireland. Currier. May,
1861. Manchester. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant,
13 April, 1862, to 10 May, 1863; and again 17 July, 1863
(" for good behavior in action at Gettysburg"). Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
LovEjOY, William W. 20. Andover, Mass. Machinist.
May, 1861. Andover. — Wounded in face, 3 July, 1863
at Gettysburg; not disabled. AVouuded in thigh, 15 May,
1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
LuNDY, Francis. 30. Manchester, England. Printer.
May, 1861. New- York City. — Sergeant, 12 Aug., 1861 ;
first sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862 ; color-bearer at Autietam.
Promoted to be second lieutenant, 30 March, 1863. — See
Commissioned Officers.
Manning, John. 27. . . . Ireland. Painter. 7 Aug.,
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 25 Aug., 1863.
Marshall, Frederick H. 22. Bangor, Me. Dyer. May
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, May, 1861, to June, 1861 ; and
again 1 Aug., 1861, to 11 Dec, 1861. Deserted 28 Jan.
1862, while on furlough.
McKean, Peter. 36. Edinboro', Scotland. Shoemaker.
JMay, 1861. Bellingham. — Wounded in groin, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 17
Nov., 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 321
McVey, Michael. 22. Tyrone, Ireland. Cotton-bufFer.
May, 1861. Lowell, — Deserted 22 Aug., 18G1.
Mekuitt, Wesley M. 21. Sharon, Vt. Teamster. May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, IMay, 1861 ; sergeant, 1 Aug.,
1861, to 12 Aug., 1861. Discharged for disability (from
accident), 23 March, 1863.
Minor, Abraham. 35. Danville, Vt. Laborer. May,
1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as wagoner. Discharg-ed for
disability, 5 June, 1862.
MosHKR, Edwin. 21. Saratoga, N.Y. Clerk. May, 1861.
Dalton. — Wounded in leg, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester,
and taken prisoner ; paroled a few days afterwards ; dis-
charged in consequence of wounds, 13 .Jan., 1863.
MouLTON, James E. 24. Lynn, Mass. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1863, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 19 Aug., 1862. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Murray, Francis. 23. Troy, N.Y. Sawyer. May, 1861.
Middlefield (Boston?). — Deserted from hospital, April,
1863.
MuRRY, James. â– 23. Cork, L-eland. Morocco-drei^ser.
May, 1861. Charlestown. — Detached to gunboat on the
Mississippi, 28 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls.
Nkwman, Charles H. 19. Windsor, Vt. Cotton-spinner.
May, 1861. Windsor, Vt. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862.
Wounded in ancle, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not
disabled. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
NuTE, William W. 25. Dunbartou, N.H. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Orange. — Detached to Fourtii United-States
Artillery, 10 April, 1862 ; enlisted in Fourth United-
States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862.
Oakks, James. 31. Lancaster, England. Laborer. May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 13 April, 1862. Killed in
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, while a color
corporal.
21
322 , SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
O'DoHERTT, Francis. 19. Londonderry, Ireland. Clerk.
9 June, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 Jan., 1862; ser-
gaant, 23 April, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at. AVincbester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1863. Wounded
in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty,
26 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Orr, Samuel. 41. Albany, N.Y. Painter. 10 June, 1861.
New Bedford. — Sent to hospital in Philadelphia, 4 March,
1862, and discharged for disability in 1862.
Packard, .Joseph S. 24. Boston, ]Mass. Clerk. May,
1861. Boston. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861; color cor-
poral, 4 July, 1862. Wounded in back (lateral), 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; discharged in consequence, 1 Dec,
1863.
Petersen, Andrew S. 26. Boyen, Norway. Cabinet-
maker. May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached on signal ser-
vice, 28 Aug., 1861, to 17 Aug., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Plaisted, Edwin. 21. Watertown, Mass. Shoemaker.
18 May, 1861. Windham (Me. ?). — Enlisted in Fourth
United-States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862. •
Pope, Joseph N. 18. Salem, Mass. Teamster. May,
1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester. Discharged for disability, 3 Jan., 1863.
Powers, Patrick. 22. Waterford, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Chicopee. — Mastered out 28 May, 1864.
Prescott, Morrill. 24. Buxton, Me. Manufacturer. May,
1861. Holyoke. — Sergeant, 11 May, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 3 Jan., 1863.
Reardon, Daniel. 27. Waterford, Ireland. Currier. May,
1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm,
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May,
1864, when mustered out. (Subsequently re-enlisted in the
same company. — See Second Term.)
THE ENLISTED MEN. 323
RODGERS, Joseph. 21. Cook's Corner, Vt. Teamster.
18 May, 18G1. Windham, Vt. — Corporal, 6 July, 1861 ;
sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2; first sergeant, 23 April, 1863.
Wounded in right arm and in left foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 17 Oct., 1862. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Sargknt, Harrison. 37. Wells, Me. Butcher. May,
1861. Kennebuuk, Me. — Discharged for disability, 3
June, 1862.
Scott, Thomas. 34. Tyrone, Ireland. Soap-maker. 10
July, 1862. Lowell.— Sent to hospital, 12 Feb., 1864.
Mustered out 20 July, 1865.
SiiUFELT, Stephen. 20. St. Ambrose, CW. Machinist.
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 4 Oct., 1862, to 29 Feb.,
1864. Detached to Division Ambulance Corps, 16 Oct.,
1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Skinner, Austin L. 26. Nashua, N.H. 7 Aug., 1862.
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 26 Oct., 1862.
Smith, Reuben. 18. Lancashire, England. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hip, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; returned to duty, 28 Aug., 1863. Re-enlist-
ed. — See Second Term.
Smith, William H. 23. Nashua, N.H. Painter. 14 Aug.,
1862. Dracut. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Get-
tysburg ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Smithick, Maurice. 20. Methuen, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. Somerville. — Discharged for disability, 22 April,
1863.
Stanton, William. 23. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Discharged for disability in 1862.
Stephens, Alexander. 18. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 11
Oct., 1861. LoweU. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; died in consequence, June, 1862, at Winchester.
Stephens, John. 22. Mayo, Irehmd. Moulder. 15 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at
324 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, September, 1862,
at Annapolis, Md.
Stevens, Jesse. 21. Kenuebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter.
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Killed in action, 3 May,
1863, at Chaucellorsville.
Stimpson, Jesse F. 21. Fredericktown, N.B. Black-
smith. May, 1861. Milford. — Taken prisoner, 25 INIay,
1862, at Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862.
Wounded in ankle, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; ab-
sent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Taylor, George. 20. Kennebunk, Me. Sa-\vyer. May,
1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Thing, Henry. 22 May, 1861. Boston (?).—
Discharged for disability, Juiie, 1861.
Thompson, William. 24. Lancashire, England, Weaver.
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Tucker, William. 24. Roxbury, Mass. Machinist. May,
1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861. Di^charged for
disability, 11 Aug., 1861.
Wall, Michael. 25. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Boston (?). — Deserted 5 July, 1861.
Wallace, John A. 19. Derry, N.H. Apothecary. May,
1861. Lowell. — Died of scrofula, 9 April, 1862, at Fred-
erick, Md.
Watson, Samuel C. 23. Easton, Mass. Iron-moulder.
May, 1861. Boston (?). — Discharged for disability, June,
1861. (State record says, "deserted")
Weldon, Henry. 19. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. May,
1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Whittier, Ruel. 26. Mercer, Me. Carpenter. May,
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Killed in ac-
tion, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Wilson, Joseph H. 20. Salem, Mass. Sailor. May,
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability (chronic diar-
rhoea), 28 March, 1863 ; six weeks after, enlisted in the
THE ENLISTED MEN. 325
naval service ; was in the Ossipee from 8 Sept., 1864; con-
tracted disea-^e at Galveston, Texas, and was in the Naval
Asylum, Philadelphia, in December, 1865.
COMPANY C.
Aborn, Sylvester P. 18. South Reading, Mass. Shoe-
maker. 12 Aug., 1862. South Reading. — Wounded in
hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 29
Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Alley, George W. 32. Lynn, Mass. Machine-sower.
29 July, 1862. Lynn. — Wounded in foot, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864; dis-
charged, time and place unknown.
Andrews, Charles O. 22. Lincoln Co., Me. 11 May,
1861. Ipswich. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1862. Wounded in
hip, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; not disabled. De-
tached to Division ... 10 Oct., 1862. Discharged for
disability, 9 Jan., 1863.
Appl ETON, John L. 38. ...Mass. Salesman. 11 May,
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 9 Aug., 1861.
Bailey, Edwin A. 26. Salem, Mass. Dyer. 11 May,
1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain; returned to duty, 14 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted.
— See Second Term.
Barker, Benjamin. 44. Salem, Mass. Baker. 5 Aug.,
1862. Salem. — Discharged for disability, . . Jan., 1863.
Bennett, Thomas Y. 23. Nantucket, Mass. Sailor.
20 May, 1861. Nantucket. — Killed in action, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Anti^tam.
Berry, Eben. P. 36. Andover, Me. Shoemaker. 29
July, 1862.Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
326 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Brown, Frederick H. 18. Lowell, Mass. Farmer. 18
June, 1861. Lowell. — Missing, and doubtless killed in
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Brown, George H. A. 28. Exeter, N.H. Shoemaker.
28 July, 1862. Lynn. — Died of pneumonia, 3 Feb.,
1863, at Washington, D.C
Brown, John F. 25. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 28 July,
1862. Lynn. — Wounded in left arm (amputated), 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; discharged in consequence, 7 Oct.,
1863. [Was chosen a Representative from Lynn to the
Legislature of 1864.]
Browning, George F, 26. Salem, Mass. Sailor. 11
May, 1861. Salem.— First sergeant, 24 May, 1861.
Appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 9 Oct., 1861. — See-
Non-commissioned Staff. Also Commissioned Offcers.
BuMPUS, Ephraim. 26. Mercer, Me. Weaver. 7 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 30 Dec, 186b
at Alexandria, Va.
BuRBANK, Nathan. 18. Salem, Mass. Waiter. 11 May,
1861. Salem. — Comj^any-musician, April, 1862, to 1 Dec,
1862. Deserted June, 1863.
BuRNHAM, An^^os p. 19. Danvers, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 4 Sept., 1863.
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; re-
turned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Wounded in ankle, 3
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to- duty, 14
Sept., 1863. ,Re-enlisted 7 Feb., 1864. — See Seco7id
Term.
Byron, Francis. 19. Oxford, Me. Farmer. 20 Aug., 1862.
Gloucester. — Discharged for disability, 15 Feb., 1864.
Cahill, Robert C. 19. Ballihale, Ireland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Marblt^head.— Transferred, 28 Dec, 1861,
to Company H., which see.
Caret, James. " 29. N.S. Farmer. 7 Oct., 1861. Low-
ell. — Died of typhoid fever, 14 Feb., 1862, at Frederick,
Md.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 327
Carlen, Samuel. 35. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 18G4.
Casey, David. 23. Topsfie^l, Mass. Butcher. 11 May,
1861. Topsfield. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1861. Taken
prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to
duty, 14 Sept., 1862. Re-eulisted. — See Second Term.
Chase, James A. 27. Newburyport, INIass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Hamilton. ^ Wounded in shoulder, and
paralyzed by bullet on breast-plate, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; died in consequence, 16 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Cleaves, Henry F. 20. Beverly, Mass. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Beverly. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
while in hospital at AVinchester ; discharged (a paroled
prisoner) 16 July, 1862.
Clooney, John J. 15. Charlottetown, P.E. Island. Ap-
prentice. May, 1861. Boston. — Company-musician, 24
May, 1861. Taken prisoner by guerillas, 18 July, 1862,
near Front Royal, Va. ; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
CociiUANE, John. 18. Liverpool, P^ngland. Seaman. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
CoNLEY, George. 19. Eastport, Me. Box-maker. May,
1861. LowelL ^ Corporal, 9 Oct., 1861. Sergeant, 11
March, 1863. Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862_, at Cedar
Mountain; returned to duty, 7 Jan., 1863. Detached on
service at Boston Harbor, 26 July, 1863 ; absent, 28 May,
1864, when mustered out.
CuRTiN, Joseph. 41. Ireland. Tailor. 20 Aug., 1862.
Somerville. — Detached to Division Ambulance Corps, 19
Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Daily, James. 19. Galway, Ireland. Printer. 5 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in thigh and in leg, 3 July,
1863. at Gettysburg. Mustered out 2^ ^Nlay, 1864.
Daily, Timothy. 36. Mallow, Ireland. Currier. 11 May,
1861. Salem. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug., 1862, at
328 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 14 Nov.,
1862.
Dennis, William H. 26. Marblehead, Mass. Baker. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to parole camp, Annapolis,
Md., 14 Sept., 1862; discharged for disability in 1863.
Deveney, John. 21. Gal way, Ireland. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Antietam ; discharged for disability, by order of Gen-
eral Martindale, 14 Nov., 1862.
Donovan, William. 17. Liverpool, England. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in chest, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, 26 Aug.,
1862, at Alexandria, Va.
Duffy, James. 28. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 1 1 May,
1861. Marblehead. — Corporal, 12 Oct., 1861, to 22 Nov.,
1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; re-
turned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Dyer, James. 24. Bridgeton, N.S. Cordwainer. 4 Aug.,
1862. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 17 Jan., 1863.
Died at Eastern Railway Station in Boston, on his way
home.
Edavards, Charles W. 26. Beverly, Mass. Painter. 1 1
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 9 Oct., 1861; sergeant,
17 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Emerson, Asa W. 21. Rowley, Mass. Blacksmith. 11
May, 1861. Rowley. — Detailed to Commissary Depart-
ment, 7, Sept., 1861. Appointed quartermaster-sergeant,
1 April, 1863. — See Non-commissioned Staff.
Emerson, Charles H. 19. Epsom, N.H. Shoemakei-. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action (by shot from a
house), 25 May, 1862, at Winchester.
Evans, William. 18. Kearney, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11
May, l.'^ei. Marblehead. — Wounded in groin, 3 July,
1863. at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 329
Frrrir, William. 26. England. Machinist. 20 Aug.,
18G2. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 18G3, at Chan-
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 24 Sept., 18G3.
Fitzgerald, Conrad. 20. Salem, Mass. Seaman. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861. Desert-
ed 13 June, 18G2.
Flood, Patrick. 24. Askell, Ireland. Farmer. May,
1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 28 Sept.,
1861.
Foster, John. 36. Tyrone, Ireland. Shoemaker. 12
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Died of typhoid fever, 25 Jan.,
1863, at Alexandria, Va.
Frames, Murdoch. 19. Upper Stewaick, N.S. Wheel-
wright. 11 May, 1861. Boxford (Topsfield?). — Killed
in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Fuller, David. 28. Danvers, Mass. Shoemaker. 1 1 May,
1861. Danvers. — Enlisted wagoner, 24 May, 18G1. Or-
derly at regimental headquarters, 1 July, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 12 July, lis 62.
Gardner, Robert. 40. ... Mass. Seaman. 11 May,
1861. Beverly (Salem?). — Discharged for disability, 9
Dec, 1861.
GiLDAY, Edward. 23. Charlestown, Mass. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept.,
1 862, at Antietam ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
GoETZ, Fritz. 21. Germany. . Laborer. 20 Aug., 1862.
Brookline. — Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg ; died in consequence, 6 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
GooDALE, Lewis E. 19. Danvers, Mass. • Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Danvers. — Discharged for disability, 9
March, 1863.
GooDWLN, Horatio E. 23. Shapleigh, Me. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Danvers (?). — Corporal, 24 May, 18G1, to
26 July, 1862. Term of service prolonged. Killed in
action, 30 July, 18G4, near Atlanta.
330 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Gould, Benjamin F. Andover, Mass, Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Middleton. — Detailed as regimental wagoner,
19 April, 1864. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Gould, James. 28. New Boston, N.U. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Beverly. — Discharged for disability, 1 March,
1863.
Grey, Thomas H. 21. Troy, N.Y. Seaman. 11 May,
1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861. Killed in
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Groves, George. 28. Cork, Ireland. Grocer. 11 May,
1861. Marblehead. — Deserted 2 July, 1861.
Hatch, Daniel A. 23. Portsmouth, N.H. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Hopedale.— Corporal, 24 May, 1861, to
9 Oct., 1861, when returned to the ranks at his own
request. Wounded in chest, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg*
died in consequence in 1864, at York, Pa.
Haverty, John F. 19. Athenroy, Ireland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Milford (Marblehead ?). — Wounded in
left arm (amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain;
discharged in consequence, 26 Dec, 1862.
Hennesy, David. 24. Mallow, Ireland. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 22 Nov., 1861, to 29
Nov., 1862. — Wounded in the hand, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
HiNES, John. 18. Sligo, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 May,
1861. Marblehead. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.'
HoGAN, John L. 24. Cork, Ireland. Currier. 11 May,
1861. Marblehead, — Discharged for disability (caused by
accident).
Hoyt, Albert J. 18. Northwood, N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Epsom, N.H. — Womided in thigh, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 29 May,
1863, at Washington, D.C.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 331
Huntress, William IT. 21. Worcester, Mass. Shoe-
maker. 11 May, 1861. Portsmouth (Plaistow ?), N.H.
— Detached to gimboat on the Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862.
Discharged for disability in Jan., 1863.
Hutchinson. Nathan H. 21. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Rowley. — Taken prisonei*, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester ; i-eturned to Annapolis, Md., and died there,
of typhoid fever, 25 Sept., 1862.
Hyde, Dearborn F. 23. Ossipee, N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. South Danvers. — Detailed wagoner, 1 July
1861, to 20 July, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Jewell, Franklin. 18. Hopkinton, N.H. Seaman. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
JoTE, Robert H. 24. Salem, Mass. Painter. 11 INIay,
1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861; sergeant, 12
Oct., 1861. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie-
tam; discharged in consequence, 21 Nov., 1862.
JuHNKE, Charles. 38. Fladerbarn (?), Germany. Cabinet-
maker. 11 May, 1861. Manchester. Re-enHsted. — See
Second Term.
KiMiJxVLL, Palmer. 21. Kennebunk, Me. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 20) April,
1863.
Kneeland, Josiah M. 36. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Ipswich. Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
KNipiiT, Jeremiah. 43. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; not disabled. Discharged for disability, 22
Feb., 1863. Enlisted subsequently in Second Massachu-
setts Artillery.
Langmaii), George W. 26. Chichester, N.H. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861; ser-
geant, 14 Jan., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Wounded
332 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTRY.
in hand, 3 May, 18G3, at Chancellorsville ; absent in hos-
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Larkabee, William H. 28. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Salem. — Sergeant. 24 May, 1861, to 26
July, 1862, when returned to the ranks, at his own request,
on account of ill-health. Missing (doubtless killed in ac-
tion), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Larry, Daniel. 20. Goffstown, N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Wenham. Re-enlisted. — ^ee Second Term.
Leach, Augustus A. 21. Stoughton, Mass. Clerk. 30
July, 1862. Stoughton. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 22 Sept.,
1863.
LiBBY, Addison C. 29. G . . ., Me. Farmer. May, 1861.
Boston. — Discharged for disability (from accident), 2 Jan.,
1864.
Magarvey, James. 24. Collihilan, Ireland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in knee, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; discharged in consequence, 18
March, 1863.
Magee, William. 18. Hartford, Ct. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Maguire, James. 22. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 26 July, 1862. Wound-
ed in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty,
5 Nov., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Manning, Thomas (1st). 37. Boston, Mass. Seaman.. 11
May, 1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Missis-
sippi, 14 Feb., 1862; discharged for disability, 26 Jan.,
1863.
Manning, Thomas (2d). 22. Tewksbury, Mass. Farmer.
11 Oct., 1861. Tewksbury. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862.
Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 333
Marshall, William. 32. East Weare, N.II. Machinist.
5 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Killed iu action, 3 July, 18G3,
at Gettysburg.
Martin, Thomas J. 35. Boston, Mass. Painter. 21
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1
Sept., 1863.
Martin, William. 42. Chesterville, Me. liootmaker. 6
Aug., 1862. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Maynard, William W. 22. Tewksbury, Mass. Cabinet-
maker. May, 1861. Tewksbury (Lowell?). Detailed
wagoner, July, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
McCarthy, Charles. 18. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in hand, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McCarthy, Daniel. 19. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in arm and in each
leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. Mustered ont, in
hospital, 16 June, 1864.
McCarthy, John. 20. Springfield, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Beverly. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
McLay, James. 18. Sydney, N.S. Painter. 6 Aug.,
1862. East Boston. — Died of typhoid fever, 5 Oct., 1862,
at Frederick, Md.
Mehan, Dennis. 18. Salem, INIass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Appointed marker, 1861 ; corporal,
26 July, 1862; sergeant, 29 July, 1862; first sergeant,
1 Sept., 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 9 Nov.,
1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
MooRi-:, William A. 19. East Woburn, Mass. Seaman.
. . May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester; returned to duty, 20 Oct., 1862. Wounded
(lost left eye), 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned
to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
334 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Morgan, William F. 33. Gloucester, Mass. Mariner.
28 July, 1862. Lynn. — Corporal, 1 Jan., 18G3; ser-
geant, 23 Dec, 18G3. Wounded in ankle, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; returned to duty, 21 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted.
— See Second Term.
MuDGE, William R. 23. Lynn, Mass. Photographer.
29 July, 1862. Lynn. — Wounded by shot (laterally)
through the head, losing both eyes, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 11 Oct., 1863.
Murphy, James. 23. L-eland. Shoemaker. 11 May, 1861.
Marblehead. — Corporal, 3 May, 1863 ("for gallantry in
action at Chancellors ville "), and color-corporal. Was color-
bearer at the close of the action at Gettysbui'g. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
MuRRY, James M. 23. Ireland. Tailor. 28 July, 1862.
Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Oakes, George A. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Wenham. — Wounded in each leg, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 5
Dec, 1862.
Oliver, John H. 24. Belfast, Me. Shoemaker. 11 May,
1861. Beverly. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1862, and color-cor-
poral, to 18 Aug., 1863, when returned to the ranks at his
own request. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches-
ter ; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Peabody, David B. 19. Boxford, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Mid'dleton. — AVounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Phalen, Edward A. 20. Salem, Mass. Salesman. 1 1 May,
1861. Salem. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1861 ; first sergeant,
9 Oct., 1861. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 13 July,
1862. — -'See Commissioned Officers. Wounded in arm
and in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain (before ar-
rival of commission).
THE ENLISTED MEN. 335
PiERCic, John B. 21. Wellfleet, Mass. Teamster. 29
July, 18G2. Swampscot. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
PiNKiiAM, Daniel G. 42. Milton, Mass. Mason. 9 Aug.,
1802. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 18 July, 1863.
Preston, John C. 19. Salem, Mass! Sailor. 11 May,
1801. Salem. — Company-musician, 24 May, 18G1, to
. . Sept., 18G1, when injured by accidental shot. Detached
to DiVision Ambulance Corps, 19 Oct., 1802. Discharged
for disability, 10 Nov., 1803.
QuiNN, Joseph. 19. Salem, Mass. Currier. 11 May,
1801. Salem. — Discharged as a minor, 1 July, 1801.
Reckards, Philo. 21. Turner, Me. Bootmaker. 30 July,
1802. North Easton. — Died of typhoid fever, 28 Sept.,
1862, at Laytonsville (near Rockville), Md.
Reckards, Seth. 24. Palmyra, Me. Bootmaker, 30
July, 1862. North Easton. — Deserted 28 Aug., 1802.
Regan, John. 40. Ireland. Laborer. 18 Aug., 1862.
Boston. — Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1803, at Gettys-
burg; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1803. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Rice, William H. C. 19. Islington (London), England.
Shoemaker. 11 May, 1801. Salem. — Wounded in leg,
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence,
9 Dec, 1802.
RowE, John M. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1801. Wenham. — Corporal, 24 Sept., 1802." Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Sanborn, Levi C. 19. . . . N.H. Painter. 11 May, 1801.
Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1803. Taken prisoner, 25
May, 1802, at Winchester; returned to duty, 14 Oct.,
1802. Wounded in right arm, 3 July, 1803, at Gettys-
burg; discharged in consequence, 6 Jan., 1804.
SciiERB, E. Vitalis. 44. Basle, Switzerland. Lecturer.
8 Aug., 1802. Boston. — Sent to hospital, 22 Aug., 1802,
and never returned. Dropped from the rolls. Died of
heart-disease, at Philadelphia, 11 July, 1865.
336 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Sebbens, Rufus W. 20 Me. Carpenter. May,
1861. Lowell. — Enlisted in United-States Cavalry in
18G2.
Shea, David. 20. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May,
1861. Wenham. — Died of typhoid fever, 28 Dec, 1861,
at Alexandria, Va.
Shea, John J. 18. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May,
1861. Marblehead (Boston?). — Wounded in side, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam ; returned to duty, 11 March, 1863.
Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned
to duty, 8 Oct., 1863. Re-enlistcd. — See Second Term.
SOPEE, William M. 30. Livermore, Me. Currier. 11
May, 1861. Beverly. — Company cook, 1 July, 1861.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Stacy, John W. 18. Annismullen, Ireland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Stanley, Joseph M. 20. Beverly, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Beverly. — Discharged for disability, 14 Dec,
1862.
Staples, George, 37. Sebago, Me. Ship-carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester.
Stewart, Jolin. 27. Middleton, Mass. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Middleton. — Re -enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Stewart, Levi D. 30. Fox Island, Me. Machinist. 22
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached as pioneer, First Divi-
sion, 6 April, 1862. Taken prisoner, 23 May, 1862,
at Front Royal, Va. ; returned to duty, 12 Oct., 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Stone, Henry Van D. 19. Brooklyn, JS\Y. Student. 7
Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Corporal, 19 Nov., 1862. Sec-
ond lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. — See Commissioned
Officers.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 337
Stoxk, James K. 21. Boston, Mass. Student. 7 Aug.,
1862. Brookliue. — Corporal, 24 Sept., lsG2. Promoted
to be second lieutenant, to date from 10 Aug., 18G2. — See
Commissioned Officers.
Stonehall, John. 20. Lowell, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 18G1. Danvers. — Missing (and doubtless killed)
in action. 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain.
Strafford, James M. 32. . North Attleboro', Mass. En-
gine-driver. Jl May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 12 June,
1861 ; sergeant, 24 Sept., 1862; 1st sergeant, 1 Jan., 1863.
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re-
turned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Sullivan, Daniel. 17. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Beverly (Lowell ?).— Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863.
Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
died in consequence, 14 May, 1863, at Aquia Landing, Va.
SwF.KNY, Morgan. 18. Ireland. Currier. 11 May, 1861.
Salem. — Discharged for disability, 15 Sept., 1861. En-
listed subsequently in the Ninth Massachusetts.
Tucker, George H. 28. Saco, Me. Shoemaker. May,
1861. South Danvers. — Detached to cori)s-post office,
24 July, 1861, to February, 1862. Taken prisoner, 25
May, 1862, at AVinchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862.
Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Cliancellorsville; re-
turned to Annapolis, Md., and died there, of typhoid fever,
23 Nov., 1863.
Tyler, Alonzo C. 25. Augusta, Me. Engine-driver. May,
1861. Tewksbury (Lowell ?). — Detailed wagoner, 1 July,
1861. Discharged for disability, 22 Feb., 1863.
Voller, Benjamin H. 45. Salem, Mass. Brewer. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 14 Oct.,
1862. [Died in Salem, of consumption, shortly after-
wards.]
Wallace, Thomas. 40. Cork, Ireland. Teamster. 22
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
22
338 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Waltkr, Horace A. 28. Nevvfield, Me. Shoemaker. 7
Oct., 18G1. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, . . . Jan.,
1862.
Warren, Lnammi B. 18 N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 18G1. Ipswich (Ossipee, N.H.?). — Corporal, 24
May, ISGl. Deserted 9 June, 1861.
Welch, David C. 26. Baltimore, Md. Cigar-maker. 29
July, 1862. Lymi. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb., 1864.
White, William. 22. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May,
1861. Lawrence (Middleton?). — Wounded in thigh, 9
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 5 Nov.,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Wildes, William H. 18. North Andover, Ma^s. Farmer.
11 May, 1861. Middleton. — Corporal, 4 Sept., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Williams, Henry. 42. Downington, Penn. Slioemaker.
11 May, 1861. Boxford. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861, to
9 Oct., 1861, when returned to the ranks at his own re-
quest. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
WiLLiSTON, William W. 20. Salem, Mass. Printer. 11
May, 1861. Salem. — Missing (and doubtless killed) in
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Wilson, Benjamin H. 28 Md. Machinist. May,
1861. Groton. — Deserted 17 Aug., 1861.
Woodman, Samuel W. 20. South Danvers, Mass. Shoe-
maker. 11 May, 1861. South Danvers. — Wounded
twice in arm, in leg, and in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864. Mustered out,
date and place unknown.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 339
COMPANY D.
Aldkn, George H. 22. Templeton, Mass. Brakeman.
May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Appointed marker, May, 1861.
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. En-
listed in Fifth United-States Artillery, 2 April, 1863.
Allkn, Charles. 22. Diana, N.Y. Macliiuist. 15 May,
1861. Boston.— Corporal, 13 July, 1862. Sergeant, 26
Nov., 1862. Wounded m leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ;
returned to duty, 17 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Anderson, John E. 26. West Boylston, Mass. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. West Boylston. — Corporal, 1 May,
1862. Sergeant, 15 Feb., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, October, 1862.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Andrews, John. 24. ... England. Mariner. 7 July,
1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 19 Dec, 1862.
Antony, Wilbur F. 22. Daltou, Mass. Sawyer. May,
1861. Tyringham. — Corporal, May, 1861. Deserted 17
June, 1861.
Balcom, Myron L. 23. Watertown, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Killed in action, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam.
Barry, Patrick. 22. Lenox, Mass. Mechanic. May, 1861.
Lee (Northampton?). — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
B.VKRY, William. 28. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. 16
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at
Ciiancellorsville ; never returned. Dropped from the rolls,
17 Dec, 1863, as deserter.
Bartlett, Anson B. 22. Boston, Mass. Fainter. May,
1861. Clinton. — Corporal, 12 July, 1862. Wounded in
neck, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; enlisted (without re-
turning to duty) in United-States Infantry, 2 April, 1863.
Beach, William. 18. Louth, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Oakdale. — Discharged as a minor, 30 May, 1862.
340 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
Bean, Walter F. 18. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. 15 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester ; returned to duty, 27 Oct., 1862. Mustered out
15 Oct., 1864.
Berrigan, Kerin. 35. . . . Ireland. Laborer. 7 July,
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Teryn.
BiCKFORD, Charles H. 26. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker.
18 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Deserted 8 Feb., 1863.
BiCKFORD, Walter. 32. Gardner, Mass. Fireman. 11
May, 1861. Gardner. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
Billings, Alfred. 21. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 12 May,
1861. Lunenburg. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Ih-m. *â–
Billings, Amos. 19. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 12 May,
1861. Lunenburg. — Died of diphtheria, 26 July, 1862, at
Little Washington, Va.
BiSBEE, Chai-les E. 18. Springfield, Vt. House painter.
11 May, 1861. New-York City (Fitchburg?). — Taken
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty,
25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bliven, Arthur. 19. Lenox, Mass. Teamster. 11 May,
1861. Lenox. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862. Sergeant, 4
Nov., 1862. First sergeant, 11 May, 1863, to 25 Aug.,
1863. Sergeant again, 4 March, 1864. Detaclied on re-
cruiting service, 11 April, 1864. Re-enlisted 30 April,
1864. — See Second Term.
Blood, George F. 23. Stow, Mass. Fireman. 23 June,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in face, 17 Sept., 1862, at An-
tietam ; returned to duty, 2 Nov., 1863. Absent sick, 30
May, 1865, in hospital at Worcester, when mustered out.
Blunt, William H. 20. West Boylston, Mass. Boot-
maker. 11 May, 186-1. West Boylston. — Corporal, 26
Nov., 1862. Sergeant, 13 June, 1863. Wounded through
abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; died in consequence,
13 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 341
Booth, Alvin O. 24. Alstead, N.TI. Sawyer. Miiy, ISGl.
Ashbj (Fitchbnrg?). — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 1
July, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Boston, George H. 20. Littleton, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Winchendon. — Deserted 19 May, 1863.
Brooks, Albert E. 24. ...Mass. Mechanic. 11 May,
1861. Westminster. — Drowned in Charles River, West
Roxbury, Mass., 2 June, 1861.
Bruce. George A. 30. Fitchbnrg, Mass. House painter.
1 1 May, 18G1. Fitchburg (Winchendon ?). — Corporal, 1
May, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when returned to the ranks
during prolonged absence. Re-enlisted. -^ See Second
Term.
Cahill, John. 19. Lee, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May, 1861,
Lee (Northampton?). — Taken prisoner, 4 Sept., 1862, at
Chantilly, Va. ; returned to duty, 22 Dec, 1862. Dis-
charged -for disability, 15 Jan., 1863.
Cassidy, William. 28. Oxford, C.W. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Leominster. — Deserted 3 Sept., 1863.
Chase, Charles H. 19. Boston, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861.
Boston. — Enlisted company musician. May, 1861. Dis-
charged for disability, 28 June, 1861.
Chasi:, William P. 23. Holden, Mass. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in shoulder, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam; discharged in consequence, 23 Nov.,
1862.
Cheney, Gilbert A. 23. Worcester, Mass. Fireman,
14 May, 1861. Fitchburg -(Newton?). — Wounded in
groin, in thigh (three places), while in color guard, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; died in consequence, 29 Oct.,
1862, at Frederick, Md.
Cheney, Harvey A. 18. Chesterfield, N.H. Ciiairmaker.
11 May, 1861. Ashbnrnliam. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to
14 Aug., 1861. Discharged as a minor, 13 Sept., 1862.
Childs, Isaac. 26. Leicester, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May,
1861. Oakdale. — Wounded 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
342 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Mountain ; returned to duty. Killed in action, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam.
Clapp, Cyrus J. 22. Leicester, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Rindge, N.H. — Discharged for disability, 19
Oct., 1861.
Clapp, Samuel B. 19. Peterboro', N.H. Mechanic. 11
May, 1861. Gardner. — Died of measles, 27 Dec, 1861,
at Alexandria, Va.
Cleayes, Charles. 21. Dayton, Me. Seaman. 15 May,
1861. Dayton, Me. — Corporal, 6 Aug., 1861, to 26 Nov.,
1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged absence.
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, while hospital attendant at
Winchester : was paroled, but never returned to duty ; and
was dropped from the rolls, as deserter, 8 Feb., 1863.
Cobb, Horatio S. 19. East Bennington, Vt. Blacksmith.
11 May, 1861. Lee. — Detailed company musician, June,
1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
CoLBURN, Charles H. 22. Philadelphia, Pa. Musician.
27 June, 1862. Boston. — Dropped from the rolls, 7 Oct.,
1862, as deserter.
Coleman, Michael. 19. Ballimasloe, Ireland. Mechanic.
1 1 May, 1861. Hinsdale. — Taken prisoner, 4 Sept., 1862,
near Chantilly ; deserted from parole camp, and was
dropped from the rolls, 25 Dec, 1862.
CoLViN, Frederick. 18. Rhodesville, Conn. Spinner. 11
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in abdomen, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 1 June, 1862,
at Winchester.
CoNANT, Alphonso. 21. Salisbury, Vt. Joiner. May,
1861. Fairhaven, Ct. — Dischai'ged for disability, 1 Jan.,
1863.
Crocker, Harry A. 24. Moriah, N.Y. Mechanic. 11
May, 1861. Winchendon. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Wound-
ed in leg, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in
consequence, 23 Nov., 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 343
Crosby, Reuben G. 31. Brattleboro', Vt. Engine-driver.
7 July, 18G2. Boston. — Detailed as hospital attendant,
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Curtis, George S. 22. Sussex Co., England. Farmer.
11 May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Dee, James J. 22. Boston, Mass. Plate printer. 11
Sept., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg ; deserted from hospital in Philadelphia, and
was dropped from the rolls, 23 Sept., 1863.
Derr, John. 28. Wodenburg, Germany. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg.
Douglass, Robert. 24. Cambridge, Mass. Carpenter.
7 Aug., 1862. Cambridgeport. — Wounded in hand, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15
Nov., 1863.
Draper, Edward. 23. Baltimore, Md. Clerk. 7 July,
1862. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain ; dropped from the rolls as deserter from parole
camp.
Eager, William 0. 28. Barre, Mass. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Westminster. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 20 June,
1861. Detailed as regimental wagoner . . . 1862, to 18
Oct., 1862; detached to corps supply-train, 30 Jan., 1863,
to 26 July, 1863. Detailed as regimental wagoner, 18
Sept., 1863, to 30 Oct., 1863 ; and 13 Nov., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Ela, William H. 29. Boston, Mass. Printer. 13 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Detailed as hospital attendant, 9 Nov.,
1862, to 11 May, 1863. Wounded through lungs, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, 11 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg.
Far WELL, Abel, jun. 23. Boylston, Mass. Shoemaker.
12 May, 1861. Fitchburg. ^ Corporal, May, 1861, to 4
June, 1861. Ward-master in hospital at Frederick, Md.
344 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Discharged 28 Feb., 18C3, to receive the appointment of
hospital steward.
Far WELL, Charles B. 19. Boylston, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Northboro'. — Discharged for disability, 13
Sept., 18G1.
Fay, Benjamin F. 22. Winchendon, Mass. Railway
clerk. 11 May, 1861. Ashburnham, — Corporal, 3 July,
1861. Color corporal, 4 July, 1862. Killed in action, 9
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Fielding, Gershom W. 32. ' Columbia, N.Y. Mechanic.
11 May, 1861. Tyringham. — Discharged for disability,
16 Dec, 1861,
FiTZGiBBON, James C. 23. Limerick, Ireland. Machinist.
11 May, 1861. Ashby. — Corporal, 27 Aug., 1863. Taken
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned to duty,
25 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Grey, William. 24. Glasgow, Scotland. Miner, 8 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Hadley, Isaac C. 30. Moretown, Vt. Joiner. 11 May
1861. South Royalston (Winchendon ?). — Discharged for
disability, 11 Oct., 1861.
Hall, John J, 27, Brandon, Vt. Teamster. 11 May,
1861. Fitchburg. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, May,
1861, Discharged for disability, June, 1861.
Harris, William F. 19. Shirley, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Shirley. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Haskell, Charles T, 35, Portland, Me, Machinist.
17 July, 1862, Lowell. — Ti'ansferred to Invalid Corps,
30 Sept., 1863.
Hayward, Horace P. 18. Fitchburg, JMass. Shoemaker,
11 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Discharged as a miuor, 10
Aug., 1861.
Heald, Charles II. 25. Ashburnham, Mass. Carpenter,
11 May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863,
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1863, at Winchester; returned to
duty, 2^) Oct., 1862, Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 345
IIewins, Henry. 30. Sharon, Ma^s. Shoemaker. 4 Aug.,
18G2. Sharon. — Detached to division ambulance corps,
29 Oct., 1862, to 4 Nov., 1862. Died of chronic diarrhoea,
19 Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md.
IIiNKS, James P. 18. Providence, R.I. Ornamental
painter. 11 May, 1861. Gardner. — Wounded in wrist,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar INIountain ; enlisted (without re-
turning to duty) in the Eighteenth United-States Infantry,
2 April, 1863.
Holmes, Theodore D. 22. Lee, INIass. Papermaker. 1 1
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as ordnance clerk, 15
Sept., 1861 ; detached to corps post-office, 6 March, 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
HosMER, George B. F. 18. Dover, Me. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Detached on signal service, 10
Sept., 1861 ; died of fever, in 1862, at Newbern, N.C.
Houghton, Albert. 22. Lexington, Mass. Butcher. 12
May, 1861. Leominster. — Wounded in hand, o May,
1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, June, 1863.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Houghton, Roscoe E. 21. Lincoln, Me. Papermaker.
May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 3 July, 1861.
Detached to corps post-office, 31 Aug., 1861 ; discharged
I Jan., 1863, by order from War Department.
Hyde, AVilliam. 25. Cheshire Co., England. Mechanic.
II May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out 24 May, 1864.
Ingu.vm, Gilbert B. 24. Becket, Mass. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as hospital attendant, in
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Kelley, Richard. 28. Boston, Mass. Hatter. 22 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Deserted 22 Dec, 1862.
Kelliher, Michael. 18. Ireland. Farmer. 17 Feb.,
1862. . . . — Discharged for disability, 21 Dec, 1862.
Kendall, Charles W. 20. Leominster, Mass. Mechanic.
11 May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Corporal, June, 1861, to
346 s:^coND Massachusetts infantry.
26 Nov., 18G2, when returned to the ranks at his own
request. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863.
King, Edward H. 28. Boston, Mass. Moulder. 27 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
King, Ossian M. 33. Pomfret, Vt. Blacksmith. 1 1 May,
1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863. Detached
to Fourth United-States Artillery, 8 April, 1862, to 19
Oct., 1862. Detailed as regimental wagoner, 5 Mai'ch,
1863. to July, 1863; and 18 Sept., 1863, to 4 Nov., 1863.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
King, William J. 44. Lenox, INIass. Blacksmith. 11
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as regimental black-
smith, 21 July, 1861. Discharged for disability, 9 Oct.,
1862.
Kinsman, Frederick. 22. Fitchburg, Mass. Cane-maker.
May, 1861. Fitcliburg. — Detailed as attendant in regi-
mental hospital, 27 Nov., 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Sec-
ond Term.
Lakin, Crosby. 23. Peru, Vt. Farmer. 11 May, 1861.
Fitchburg. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at "Winches-
ter ; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Lakin, Jefferson. 22. Bennington, Vt. Fireman. 14 May,
1861. Fitchburg. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester, Va.
Largee, Thomas. 23. Glasgow, Scotland. Soldier. 11
May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Deserted 28 Feb., 1862.
Leahy, Richard. 33. Cork, Ireland. Tailor. 22 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Leary, Arthur. 18. Danvers, Mass. Tanner. 23 June,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; returned to duty, 26 Dec, 1862. Taken priso-
ner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville, and paroled; re-
turned to duty, 23 March, 1864. Wounded in leg, 15
May, 1864, at Resaca, and died in consequence, 18 June,
1864. -
THE ENLISTED MEN. 347
LiTCiTFiKLD, Charles D. 21. Lunenburg, Mass. Farmer.
11 May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Detailed as company cook,
February, 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Lynch, Michael. 35. Ireland. Lamplighter. 17 July,
1862. Brookline. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 30
Sept., 1863.
Macombf.r. Elijah. 19. Bristol, Vt. Iron-roller. May,
1861. Fairhaven, Vt.— Deserted 25 Aug., 1861.
Maud, John. 42. Halifax, England. Painter. 30 Aug.,
1862. Framingham. — Wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Maynard, Frederick. 24. South Hadley, Mass. Machin-
ist. 11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Corporal, May, 1861,
to 15 April, 1862. Detailed as pioneer, First Division,
29 May, 1862, to 26 Sept., 1862. Killed in action, 3
July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Miller, Adam. 21. Bavaria. Accountant. May, 1861.
Lee. — vSergeant, May, 1861. Promoted to be second
lieutenant, 13 June, 1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
Moi'LTOX, Ansel A. 24. Lyman, N.H. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Fitchburg.— Corporal, 3 July, 1861, to 13
July, 1862. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Aug., 1863.
Nason, Edwin F. 20. Cincinnati, Ohio. Shoemakei*. 14
May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Wounded 9 June, 1863, at
Beverly Ford. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Nelson, Andrew. 18. Lowell, Mass. Printer. 23 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get-
tysburg,
Newton. George B. 26. Mount Holly, Vt. Bootmaker.
11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Corporal, May, 1861. Died
of putrid sore throat, 27 Dec, 1861, at Baltimore, Md.
Neavton, Windsor A. 19. Mount Holly, Vt. Bootmaker.
11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Corporal, 1862. Wounded
in neck, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; enlisted in Eigh-
teenth United-States Infantry, 20 Dec, 1862.
348 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Nutting, Allen A. 18. New Ipswich, N.H. Chairmaker.
11 May, 1861. Ashbiirnham. — Corporal, 26 Nov., 1862;
sergeant, 11 JNlay, 1863. Wounded in abdomen, near
Beverly Ford, 9 June, 1863 ; died in consequence, 10 June,
1863, at Alexandria, Va.
O'Brien, James. 41. Cork, Ireland. Stone-mason. 26
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Orne, David J. 23. Sutton, Vt. Machinist. 11 May,
1861. Clinton. — Taken prisoner, 2.5 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Absent in hos-
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Palmer, William. 23. Northbridge, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. West Boy Iston. — Corporal, May, 1861,
to 15 June, 1861. Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi,
18 Feb., 1862; discharged by orders of War Depart-
ment.
Parker, Theodore K. 19. Brighton, Mass. Machinist.
May, 1861. Winchendon. — First sergeant, May, 1861.
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned
to duty, 24 Oct., 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant,
24 Oct., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
Pi^RKHURST, William. 34. Townshend, Vt. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Springfield. — Deserted 5 July, 1861.
Partridge, Henry J. 20. Westminster, Mass. Farmer.
11 May, 1861. Westminster. — Taken prisoner at Get-
tysburg; returned to duty, 22 May, 1864; mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Peterson, John. ,23. Germany. Clerk. May, 1861.
Boston. — Wounded in face, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ;
kept in hospital at Frederick, Md. Dischai'ged by order
of War Department, date not given.
Phillips, George R. 18. Keene, N.H. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Leominster. — Corporal, 15 Feb., 1863. De-
tailed as attendant in regimental hospital, 16 Nov., 1862,
^ to 11 May, 1863. Wounded 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg,
and taken prisoner; absent, 28 May, 1864, when mustered
out.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 349
PuiLMi'S, James M. 21. Keene, N.H. 20 May, 1861.
Leominster. — Dropped from the rolls, 7 Oct., 1862; said
to have been appointed a hospital steward.
PiiiLLii's, William P. 42. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 4 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
PiEKCE, Henry O. 18. Westminster, Mass. Carpenter.
11 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Discharged for disability,
30 Dec, 1862 ; died two weeks after reaching home.
Pierce, Henry S. 18. Nashua, N.H. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Winchendon.— Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Wounded, in breast, 15 May,
1864, at Resaca ; in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mus-
tered out.
Pollard, Edwin R. 23. Winchendon, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Discharged for disability,
13 Sept., 1861.
Prescott, James M. 18. West Boylstou, Mass. Boot-
maker. 11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Taken prisoner, 25
May, 1862, at Winchester; escaped at Mount Jackson, and
returned to duty, June, 1862. Ee-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Prescott, William W. 20. West Boylston, Mass. Farmer.
30 Aug., 1862. Oakdale. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Priest, M. Augustus. 19. Marlboro', Mass. Carpenter.
11 May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863, and
color corporal. Wounded in leg, 15 May, 1864, at Resa-
ca; mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Rafferty, Thomas. 23. Galway, Ireland. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Lee. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Mustered
out 24 .July, 1865.
Reeij, William H. 18. East Boston, Mass. Teamster. May,
1861. East Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Ropes, Edward E. '2b. Milton, Mass. Miner. 20 June,
1862. Lawrence, Kansas. — Came from Kansas to AViu-
chester, Va., to enlist iu a Massachusetts regiment. Mus-
tered out 9 June, 1865.
350 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Sadler, Rupert J. 19. Dublin, Ireland. Machinist. 10
Oct., 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 26 Nov., 1862; color
corporal, same date. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg, while carrying the colors.
Shattuck, Danforth. 18. Pepperell, Mass. Farmer.
12 May, 1861. Pepperell. — Wounded in side (three ribs
broken), 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 5
April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Snoav, George W. 24. Orleans, Mass. Accountant. 11
May, 1861. Nashua, N.H. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Dis-
charged for disability, 2 Oct., 1862.
Sweet, George H. 18. Tyringham, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Seized by writ of habeas cor-
pus, at Boston, 8 July, 1861, as a minor.
Tarbox, Charles. 23. Phillips, Me. Shoemaker. 12 May,
1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, 14 Feb., 1863. Transferred
to Invalid Corps, 1 Aug., 1863.
Taylor, James H. 21. Winchendon, Mass. Machinist.
11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Enlisted as company-
musician. Detached to brigade band, 25 April, 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Thojipson, Jedediah C. 23. New- York City. Mechanic.
15 May, 1861 . Marlboro'. — Corporal, 3 July, 1861. Ser-
geant, 10 July, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when returned to
the ranks during prolonged absence. Again corporal, 1
Sept., 1863. Sergeant, 1 Nov., 1863. Wounded in hand,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, Aug.,
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Thurston, Thomas B. 34. Fitchburg, Mass. Brakeman.
12 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, May, 1861. Ser-
geant, 11 Aug., 1861. First sergeant, 1 Jan., 1863, to 11
May, 1863, when made second sergeant ; again first sergeant,
5 Sept., 1863. Taken prisoner (being disabled by shell),
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 'lb Oct.,
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTJID MEN. 351
TiCKNOU, George. 29. Brookfiekl, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Tyringliam. — Discharged for disability, 9
Oct., 1862.
Toombs, AVilliam D. 19. "West Boylston, Mass. Boot-
maker. 11 jNIay, 1861. Oakdale. — Detached as attendant
in Twelfth Corps hospital, July, 1863; returned to duty, 9
Dec, 1863. He-enlisted. — See Second Term.
TowKR, Charles L. 31. Braintree, Mass. Shoemaker.
4 March, 1862. . . . — Discharged for disability, 5 Dec,
1862.
Walker, Charles C. 22. Stow, Mass. Shoemaker. 12
May, 1861. Lnnenburg. — Transferred to Invalid Corps.
Webster, George W. 37. Hooksett, N.H. Clergyman.
May, 1861. Bedford. — Discharged for disability, Oct.,
1862. Re-enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Massachusetts.
"Wetherbee, Joseph A. 24. Westminster, ]\Iass. Me-
chanic. 13 May, 1861. Westminster. — Discharged for
disability, 30 Dec, 1862.
Whyte, Alfred M. 22. ISIarlboro', N.II. Weaver. 11
May, 1861. West Boylston. — Wagoner, 4 July, 1861.
Wounded 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; died in conse-
quence, 8 Oct., 1862.
Wilcox, Franklin B. 21. Mendon, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Westminster. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Woodward, Melvin M. 22. Kinderhook, N.T. Mason.
11 May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862, to 26
Nov., 1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged
absence. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester;
transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863.
352 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
COMPANY E.
Adams, Edmund J. 38. Bellingham, Mass. Trader. 29
Jj^ily, 18G2. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability, 19
Feb., 1863.
Adams, Lyman. 30. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. Franklin. — Taken prisoner, August, 1861,
near Harj^er's Ferry ; returned to parole camp, from which
he deserted.
Adams, Milton S. 27. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 29
Sept., 1862 ; again, 3 Nov., 1862, to 19 March, 1864.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Alexander, Isaac. 24. Ayrshire, Scotland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Ware. — Taken prisoner, August, 1861,
near Harper's Ferry; returned to duty, 24 March, 1862.
Wounded in shoulder, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; dis-
charged in consequence, 12 Oct., 1862.
Allen, Sidney W. 18. Milford, Mass. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, September, 1862.
Wounded in heel, 17 Sept., 1862, at Autietam ; returned
to duty, 1 March, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bacon, William H. 20. Palmer, Mass. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Ware. — Left with wounded, in August,
1862 ; and never returned. Dropped as desertei*.
Ballou, Albert A. 30. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker,
il May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 31 Aug., 1863.
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned
to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bancroft, George. 34. Blackstone, Mass. Bootmaker.
28 July, 1862. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 5
Nov., 1862.
Barnes, Julius G. 20. New Braintree, Mass. Wool-
sorter. 11 May, 1861. Ware. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861,
THE ENLISTED MEN. 353
to 10 Nov., 18G2. Absent in hospital since December,
1862. Mustered out 28 May, 18G4.
Barnes, Martin L. 18. Hardwick, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 18G1. "Ware. — Discharged for disability, 24 Sept.,
1862.
Bathe, Anthony. 25. Wiltshire, England. Wheelwright.
11 May, 1861. Wrentham. — Detailed as regimental
blacksmith, December, 1861, to . . . 1862; and 21 Oct.,
1862, to 19 Oct., 1863; and 22 Oct., 1863. Mustered
out 28 March, 1864.
Boyd, Alexander. 48. Carrickfergus, Ireland. Sailor. 21
July, 1862. Med way. — Wounded in foot, by shell, in
front of Atlanta. Mustered out 20 July, 1865.
Bradley, Patrick. 24. Boston, Mass. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Milford. — Discharged for disability, 2 Dec,
1861.
Brown, Aaron. 30. Milford, Mass. Farmer. 28 July,
1862. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 4 March,
1863.
Brown, Henry W. 29. Medway, Mass. Physician. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 7 July,
1861.
Buckley, John. 20. Cork, Ireland. Weaver. 11 May,
1861. Ware. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at AVinchester ;
and taken prisoner; died of chronic diarrhcea, 16 Oct.,
1862, at Richmond, while a prisoner.
Bdllen, Edmund M. 28. Medway, Mass. Painter. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1861,
at Winchester; returned to duty, December, 1862.
Wounded in chest, 3 May, 1863, at ChanccUorsville.
In hospital when mustered out; term expired.
Cass, John W. 21. Boston, Mass. Boot-striker. 11 May,
1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 18 Sept.,
1862.
Chilson, Lucius H. 22. Perkin^ville, Vt. Machinist. 11
May, 1861. Ware. — Corporal, 22 Feb., 1863; sergeant.
354 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
6 April, 18G3, to 2G June, 1863. Detached to Company
F, 4tli United-States Artilleiy, 10 April, 18G2, to 11
Oct., 18G2. Wounded in hand, 3 July, 18G3, at Gettys-
burg. Absent 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Clark, Albert II. 2G. Medway, Mass. Boot-crimper. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 24 Feb., 1862, to 30
Dec, 1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged
absence. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun-
tain ; i-eturned to duty, 15 Aug., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Coaxes, David. 25. Eton, C.E. Bonnet-presser. 11
May, 1861. North Stratford (Conn. ?).— Corporal, 1
Aug., 1862, to 30 Dec, 1862. Transferred to Invalid
Corps, 5 Jan., 1864.
Coney, Edward H. 18. Ware, Mass. Farmer. 11 May,
1861. Ware. — Taken prisoner, 29 Aug., 1862, near
Bristow, Va. ; returned to parole camp, and deserted.
Converse, Charles C. 18.. Holyoke, Mass. None. 11
May, 1861. Ware. — Deserted 6 July, 1861.
Cook, Warren F. 23. Bellingham, Mass. Milkman.
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 14 May, 1862.
Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain;
discharged in consequence, 8 Nov., 1862.
Coombs, John V. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 11
May, 1861. — Bellingham (Medway?). Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
CouGHLAN, Timothy. 21. Kerry, Ireland. Pile-driver.
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Detached to gunboat on the
Mississippi, 14 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls.
CowDEN, Jason E. 24. Amesbury, Mass. Hatter. 17
July, 1862. Amesbury. — Detached to division ambu-
lance corps, 29 Oct., 1862, to 23 May, 1863; transferred
to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 1863.
CuMMiNGS, Charles li. 27. Franklin, Mass. Boot-striker.
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 1 Aug., 1862.
Died of chronic diarrhoea, 19 Jan., 1863, at Washington,
D.C.
THE ENLISTED MEN. c!55
CusHrxCx, Alexander M. 39. Newbern, Vt. Tailor. 28
July, 18G2. ]\Ied\vay. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 23
Nov., 18G2, at Sharpsburg, Md.
Danikls, AVilliam A. 21. INFedway, Mass. Wheelwright.
May, 18G1. Medway. — AVounded in hip and in arm, 9
Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, 10
Aug., 1862.
D::sPEK, Charles M. 19. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker.
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 25
Feb., 1863.
DuDY, Thomas. 21. New Haven, Conn. Bootmaker. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Deserted 6 July, 1861.
DuNTON, Alonzo E. 21. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 30 Dec., 1862. Ser-
geant, 22 Feb., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Fales, Albert F. 23. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester, not disabled ; wounded 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain, not disabled ; wounded in arm, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam. Discharged 8 April, 1863.
Fales, John M. 26. Bellinghara, Mass. Boot-treer. May,
1861. Medway. — Detailed as butcher . . . 1861, to 20
April, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Fisher, Lewis L. 23. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 20
Aug., 1862. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability, 9
Feb., 1863.
Flint, Henry E. 24. Dracut, Mass. Hostler. 9 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Detached to division ambulance corps,
16 Oct., 1862, to 28 July, 1863. Absent in hospital, 9
Oct., 1864. when mustered out.
Force, Emmons. 24. Westboro', Mass. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 21
Nov., 1862.
Foss, John F. 22. Louisville, Ky. Sewing-machine Agent.
11 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester; returned to duty, 20 Feb., 1863. Mus-
tered out 11 Oct., 1864.
356 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Fuller, Charles F. 38. Medway, Mass. Bonnet-blocker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for. disability, 28
Jan., 1862.
Gatchell, Thomas D. 18. Northhridge, Mass. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Milford. — Enlisted company musi-
cian. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Gorman, John. 19. Tyrone, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept.,
1863.
Grant, Charles. 34. Douglas, Mass. Bootmaker. ]May,
1861. Medway. Discharged for disability, 30 May, 1861.
Grant, Frank S. 18. AVreutham, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Medway. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 14 Jan., 1864.
Grant, James M. 21. Woonsocket, R.I. Boot-fitter.
May, 1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862^
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Greenwood, George E. 19. Franklin, Mass.. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863 ;
sergeant, 30 Dec., 1863. Wounded in arm,, 3 JNIay, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Greenwood, Isaac C. 39. Franklin, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Detailed as hospital-wagoner,
I July, 1861, to 4 June, 1862. Detached to division am-
bulance corps in 1862, to Jan., 1863 ; and 1 Feb., 1863,
to 25 April, 1863; and again, 30 April, 1863. Wounded
in arm and side, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Grundel, Sebastian. 21. Baden-Baden, Germany. Shoe-
maker. May, 1861. Ware. — Wounded in arm, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester ; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Harrington, Peter. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Barber.
II May, 1861. Medway. — Wounded in elbow, 17 Sept.,
THE ENLISTED MEN. 357
1802, at Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 6 Dec,
1862.
Harkixgton, Thomas J. 28. Roscommon, Irehmd. Boot-
maker. 3 Sept., 18G2. Medway. — Transferretl to In-
valid Corps. 30 Sept., 18G3.
Hatstat, William F. 18. Thorndike, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Ware. — Discharged for disability, 20 April.
1863.
IIexuy, John. 23. Sligo, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Wounded in breast, 3 May, 18C3, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 18G4.
Hewins, Benjamin. 23. Sharon, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Sharon. — Wagoner, 4 July, 1861. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Hill, Edwin W. 24. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. IMay,
1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 29 Jan., 1802.
Hill, Isaac. 24. Montpelier, Vt. Boxmaker. 28 July,
1862. Franklin. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1802, at
Antietam; returned to duty, Aug., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
IIixox, Alonzo. 35. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. INIay
1861. Medway. — Detailed as company cook, July, 1861.
IMustered out 28 March, 1864.
IIOGAN, Edward. 22. Tipperary, Ireland. Bootmaker,
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 23 March, 1804.
Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar IMountain ; re-
turned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
IIoufniTOX, Albert C. 20. Newton, Mass. Boot-striker.
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863.
Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
IIouGiiTOX, Alvin W. 18. Swansey, N.II. Porter. 11
May, 1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
358 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Howard, Wai-ren V. 19. Ware, Mass. Painter. May,
1801. Ware. — Corporal, 25 May, 18G1, to 7 Feb., 18G2 ;
again, 30 Nov., 18G2. Taken pi-isoner, May, 18G2, near
Strasburg, Va. ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 18G2. Deserted
2 Jan., 18G3, Avhile on furlough.
Hunt, George W. 19. Sudbury, Mass. Bootmaker. May,
18G1. Medfield. — Wounded 25 May, 18G2, at Winches-
ter; retui-ned to duty. Wounded in arm,' 9 Aug., 18G2, at
Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 23 Dec,
1862.
Hunt, Thomas E. 25. Marlboro', Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medfield. — Wounded in ankle, 25 IMay, 1862,
at Winchester, and taken prisoner ; paroled, and deserted.
Huntress, John. 21. Milford, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Milford. — Discharged for disability, 26 June, 1862.
Said to have re-enlisted in Seventh Massachusetts Battery.
IDE, George H. 26. Medway, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861.
Medway. — Corporal, 7 July, 1861, to 24 Feb., 1862.
Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Jewett, Richard H. L. 28. East Greenwich, R.I. Civil-
engineer. 30 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 30 Dec,
1862. Discharged 5 March, 1863, to receive commission
of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts ;
commission of that date ; [first lieutenant, 22 May, 1863;
captain, 19 July, 1863; mustered out 19 June, 1865.]
Johnson, Francis. 44. Three Rivers, C.E. Shoemaker.
19 Aug., 1862. Lawrence. — Wounded 3 May, 1863, at
Cliancellorsville ; returned to duty, . . . 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Johnston, John C. 22. Antrim, Ireland. Farmer. IMay,
1861. Ware. — Wounded in groin, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain, and taken prisoner; died of wounds, date un-
known, at Richmond, Va., while a prisoner.
Kimball, Charles C. 19. Keene, N.H. Clerk. 11 May,
1861. Medway. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Discharged,
24 Sept., 1862, to receive commission as second lieutenant
THE ENLISTED MEN. 359
iu tlie . . . Massachusetts ; but, upon being mustered out of
service, refused to be mustered in again, remarking to the
mustering-officer, " Men have to crawl through small holes
sometimes."
Kinney, James. 22. Oxford, Mass. Factory-operative.
May, 18G1. Ware. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at
Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 18G2, Mustered
out 28 ISIay, 18G4.
Learned, Henry. 43. New Braintree, Mass. Farmer. 18
Aug., 18G2. Brookliue. — Absent in hospital, 28 May,
18G4 ; no record of muster-out.
Leonard, Lawrence. 28. Galway, Ireland. Boot-maker.
May, 18G1. Milford. — Died from broken leg, April, 18G2,
at Winchester, Va.
Livingston, Samuel J. M. 20. Tewksbury, Mass. Far-
mer. 11 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability,
4 March, 18G3.
Mack, David F. 21. London, England. Tailor. iMay^
1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 18G2, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 11 March, 1863.
Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to
duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 186 1.
Malone, Bernard G. 21. Galway, Ireland. Cordwainer.
May, 1861. Natick. — Deserted 24 Sept., 1862, while on
furlougli.
Mann, Albert W. 24. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861 ; first
â– sergeant, 13 July, 1861. Appointed sergeant-major, 10
May, 1862. — Sae JVon-commissio}ied Officers; also Com-
missioned Officers.
Mather, Samuel A. 33. Winsted, Conn. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Milford. — AVounded in thigh, 9 Aug.. 1862,
at^ Cedar Mountain; transferred to Invalid Coi'ps 1 July,
1863. Mustered out, but re-enlisted 15 Aug., 1864. — See
Second Term.
360 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Mawx, Peter. 26. Ireland. Bootmaker. 12 Aug., 1862.
Med way. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville; discharged in consequence, 21 Aug., 18G3.
May, Edward A, 18. Attleboro', Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Medway. — Appointed marker, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 6 Dec, 1862.
May, James B. 38. Attleboro', Mass. Boot-treer. May,
1861. Medway. — Corporal, 1 Aug., 1862. Wounded
in groin 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in
consequence, 8 April, 1863.
Mc Cowan, James. 19. Derry, Ireland. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 30
Dec, 1861.
McNany, Richard. 26. Chicopee, Mass. Factory opera-
tive. May, 1861. Ware. — Discharged for disability,
June, 1861.
Metcalf, George L. 17. Bellingham, Mass. Farmei*. May,
1861. Bellingham.— Corporal, 9 April, 1863. Wounded
in knee, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty,
1 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Metcalf, George O. 31. Newport, N.H. Confectioner.
May, 1861. Medfield. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863.
Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Metcalf, John C. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Bellingham. — Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862;
sergeant, 31 Aug., 1863, to 30 Dec, 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
MiNTON, Thomas. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway (Roxbury?). — Corporal, 6 Feb.,
1862; color-corporal, 22 July, 1862; sergeant, 3 Nov.,
1862. Deserted while on furlough granted 9 March, 1863.
Mouse, Joseph H. 21. Medfield, Mass. Hostler. May,
1861. Medfield. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 1 July,
1861. Detached to division ammunition train, 14 Aug.,
1863. Mustered out 28 March, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 361
MuNDON, Danii'l. 2G. Newport, R.L Boot-crimper. May,
18G1. Medway. — Detailed as company cook, 23 June,
1861, to 1 July, 18G2. Deserted 14 Sept., 18G2.
Newcomb, John H. 22. Enfield, Mass. Farmer. May,
I8G1. Enfield. — Corporal, 25 May, 18G1, to 30 May,
1862. Also, color-corporal. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug.
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 29
March, 18G3.
O'Brien, Michael. 26. Clare, Ireland. Fireman. May,
1861. Ware. — AYounded in leg (amputated) 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence,
10 Dec, 1862.
O'DoNNELL, Michael. 18. Kilkenny, Ireland. Bootmaker.
May, 186 1. Medway. — Corporal, 3 Nov., 1862; ser-
geant, 30 Dec, 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 May, 1863. Wounded
in leg (arm ?), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned
to duty, 17 Sept., 1862 ; wounded in hip. 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
Onion, Alfred. 18. Medway, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861.
Medway. — Sent to hospital at Frederick, Md., December,
1861; never returned; transferred to Invalid Corps, 23
Jan., 1864.
Osgood, Joseph. 43. Lancaster, Mass. Farmer. 22 Aug.,
1862. Bellingham. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 8 Feb.,
1863, at StaiFord C.H., Va.
Panzloff, Julius. 25. Germany. Sailor. 25 Aug., 1862.
Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville ; discharged in consequence, 15 Aug., 1863.
Parsons, William R. 35. Lancashire, England, lioot-
clicker. May, 1861. Medway. — First sergeant, 25 May,
1861, to 13 July, 1861, when made sergeant; first sergeant
again, 14 May, 1862. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Autietam ; discharged in consequence, 14 Jan., 1863.
PuRiNGTON, Daniel. 44. Lynn, Mass. Machinist. 19
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Detached to division ambulance
362 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
corps, 16 Oct., 1862, to 27 July, 1863. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Remick, Alfred P. 30. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Milford. — Enlisted wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Richardson, Era^tus J. 19. Franklin, Mass. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Franklin. — Killed in action, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietam.
Richardson, Gardner H. 18. Westford, Mass. Tanner.
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Antietam; returned to duty, 8 Dec, 1862. Wounded
in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty,
7 March, 1864. Corporal, 1 July, 1864. Mustered out
14 Oct., 1864.
Rollins, Thomas. 25. Lancashire, England. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ;
sergeant, 7 July, 1861, to 18 July, 1862. Deserted July,
1862.
RosER, Charles. 22. Pazel, Switzerland. Sailor. 25
Aug., 1862. BrookUne. — In every action during his term
of service. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
ScHLUSEMEYER, William. 19. Boston, Mass. Cabinet-
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged as a minor,
6 July, 1861.
Sherman, Hezekiah E. 29. Mansfield, Mass. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Mausfield. — Corporal, 3 Feb., 1862 ;
color-corporal, 4 July, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 Aug., 1862 ; first
sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863, to 1 May, 1863; sergeant again,
30 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Slaven, Michael. 26. L-eland. Bootmaker. May, 1861.
Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Snow, Charles. 18. Ware, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Ware. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam;
discharged in consequence, 8 April, 1863.
Sparrow, Herman S. 20. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 363
Starrucic, George. 24. Quincy, Mass. Sewing-machine
operator. May, 1861. Qnincy. — E^nlisted company-rau-
sician. Died of chronic diarrhoea, 3 March, 1803, at
Washington, D.C.
Stone, Joseph. 22. . . . Canada. Farmer. May,
18^1. Ware. — Wounded in shoidder, 9 Aug., 18G2, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 20 Feb., 1863. Died
of lung fever, 22 May, 1863, at Aquia Landing, Va.
Sullivan', Timothy. 19. Kerry, Irehind. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Melford. — Detailed as orderly at regimental
headquarters, 19 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner, July, 1863 ;
returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Sumner, Eugene. 19. Fall River, Mass. Cabinet-maker.
May, 1861. Medfield. — Dropped from the rolls in 1863.
SwARMAN, John H. 25. Boston, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in
leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned as far as Nash-
ville, Tenn., February, 1864, where he was detailed on
special duty. IMustered out 28 May, 1864.
Treen, JohnS. 22. . . . N.S. Bootmaker. May, 1861.
Medway. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietara.
Treen, Lewis A. 26. ... N.S. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 18 July,
1862. Deserted June, 1862, while on furlough.
Turner, William H. 22. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 7
Feb., 1863 ; died afterwards, in Milfbrd, Mass.
Upfenheimer, David. 19. Baden, Germany. Baker. 18
Aug., 1862. . . . —Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville.
Underwood, Fisher E. 21. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker.
9 Aug., 1862. Medway. — Absent in hospital, 28 May,
1864, when mustered out.
364 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
VosE, Jeremiah. 27. Uxbridge, Mass. Farmer. 21 Aug.,
1862. — Medway. — Wounded in face, 3 May, 18G3, at
Chancellorsville. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 18C4, when
mustered out.
Webber, George C 26. East Douglas, Mass. Boot-
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Wheat, Alfred C. 27. Hancock, N.H. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Wheat, Henry, 29. Billerica, Mass, Bootmaker. May,
1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ; sergeant, 14
May, 1862. Discharged for dij^ability,,ll Dec, 1862.
Whitney, Charles. 26. Holliston, Mass. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861; ser-
geant, 17 July, 1863; color-sergeant, same date. Hit in
breast-plate, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and dis-
abled for some days. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Wiley, Albert H. 35. Bellingham, Mass. Auctioneer.
28 July, 1862. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Williams, George H. 23. Wrentham, Mass. Machinist.
May, 1861. Medway. — Detailed as company musician,
28 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Williams, Henry. 44. Providence, R.I. Cook. 27 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Wynn, Daniel. 23. Sligo, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Milford. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam.
Wood, Richard. 45. London, England. Laborer. 18
Aug., 1862. . . . Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb., 1864.
Workman, William M. 18. Liverpool, England. Box-
maker. May, 1861. Franklin. — Discharged for dis-
ability, 30 May, 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 365
CO Mr ANY F.
Andrews, Prince A. 19. Essex, JMass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, March, 1864. Mus-
tered out 28 Mnj, 1864.
Annis, Charles II. 22. Templeton, Mass. Shoemaker.
28 Aug., 1862. Lynn. — Absent in hospital, 25 May,
1863, when discharged by order of War Department.
Annis, Stillman L. 27. Fairhaven, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook. Died
of dysentery, 21 Nov., 1862, at Frederick, Md.
Bates, Fredei-ick. 24. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker.
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Bates, Lewis H. 22, Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 28
Aug., 1862. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bessom, Charles. 18. Lynn, Mass. Printer. 17 Oct.,
1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester, and paroled: returned to duty, 1 Nov., 1862.
Discharged for disability, 1 April, 1863.
Bessom, Philip. 43. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker.
17 Oct., 1861. Lynn. — Company musician, 7 Nov., 1861,
to 6 April, 1862. Detailed as hospital attendant, 6 April,
1862. Discharged for disability, 2 March, 1863.
Billings, David E. 27. Concord, N.II. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Athol. — Corporal, 24 Sept., 1862, to 1 July,
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Billings, Jeremiali B. 21. Troy, N.II. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability; 18 Feb.,
1862.
Brooks, Joel J. 23. Gardner, Mass. Chairmaker. May,
1861. Gardner. — Corporal, . . May, 1861; sergeant, 24
Sept., 1862. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie-
tam; not disabled. Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863, at
366 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Gettysburg. Absent prisoner, or piiroled uutil mustered
out.
Brown, Francis W. 26. Boston, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Hamilton. — Detached to division ammunition
train, May, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Bryant, Cyrus W. 28. Orange, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Philipston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
BuRNHAM, Rufus. 33. Essex, Mass. Carpenter. May,
1861. — Essex. Discharged for disability, 25 Feb., 1863.
BuRRiLL, Blenard. 22. Saugus, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook, 28 Oct., 1862,
to 27 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
BusHNELL, Eugene C. 23. Norwich, Conn. Musician.
May, 1861. Templeton. — Company musician, . .May,
1861. Discharged for disability, 15 Aug., 1861.
Butler, Alouzo. 21. Ipswich, Mass. Sailor. May, 1861.
Ipswich. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ;
returned to duty, 9 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Carey, Thomas. 37. Ireland. Bootmaker. 24 July, 1862.
Winchester. — Died from exhaustion, 9 Aug., 1862, on the
road from Culpepper to Cedar Mountain.
Carr, Patrick H. 24. Ipswich, Mass. Factory operative.
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Chamberlain, Garland A. 24. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered
out.
Chase, George T. 24. Capetown, Cape of Good Hope.
Farmer. May, 1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, . . May, 1861 ;
first sergeant, 18 Sept., 1862, to 31 Dec, 1863. Wounded
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to
duty, 1 July, 1863. Wounded in shoulder, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 307
CnuRCiiiLL, Ebcn S. Concord, Me. Painter. May, 1861.
Norridgewock, Me. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester, and taken prisoner ; paroled, and died in conse-
quence of wounds.
Ci.AKK, Charles H. 19. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker. ]May,
1861. Topsfield. Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Clark, Humphrey S. 25. Topsfield, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1 861. Wenham. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Clark, Thomas H. 26. Gloucester, INlass. Pedler. May,
1861. Gloucester. — Corporal, . . May, 1861, to . . . May,
1861. Detached as pioneer to First Division, 6 April,
1862, to . . June, 1862 ; pioneer, with the regiment, from
1 June, 1862, to 26 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Clutterbuck, William L. 24. Manchester, England.
Pail-turner. May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for dis-
ability (from accident), September, 1861.
CoNANT, Joseph C. 27. Hamilton, Mass. Seaman. May,
1861. Hamilton. — Discharged for disability, 26 Feb.,
1863.
Cook, Martin Y. B. 21. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker.
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Cooper, Robert. 18. Danvcrs, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Dropped from the rolls in 1863. Said to be dis-
charged by order of War Department.
Crosby, Pardon L. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker.
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Currant, Thatcher M. 19. Boston, Mass. Needle-maker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Day, Albion W. 20. Templeton, Mass. Mechanic. May,
1861. Templeton. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861. AVounded
in hand and in back, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; dis-
charged in consequence, 31 March, 1863.
368 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Dodge, Otis F. Topsfield, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861.
Topsfield. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ;
returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Discharged for disability,
16 June, 1863.
Douglass, John F. 24. Calais, Me. Brakeman. May,
1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, 8 July, 1861 ; sergeant,
24 Sept., 1862. Wounded in shoulder, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietara; returned to duty, 19 Feb., 1863. Re-enlisted.
— See Second Term.
DowNES, Thomas J. 21. Groveland, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 4 Oct.,
1861.
DuRGiN, Daniel. 27. Cork, Ireland. Caulker. May, 1861.
Essex. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ;
returned to duty, 25 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Sec-
ond Term,
Eaton, Charles S. 25. Lewiston, Me. Shoemaker. 3
Sept., 1862. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook, 6 May,
1863, to 7 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Emerson, John D. 17. Royalston, Mass. Scholar. May,
1861. Athol. — Detached on signal service, 1 Sept., 1861 ;
discharged 13 Oct., 1863, to receive the commission of
second lieutenant in the Signal Corps.
EsTES, Charles B. 21. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
FiFiELD, Calvin S. 29. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. May,
1861. Boston. — Enlisted wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
FiNLAYSON, Duncan F. 30 May, 1861.
... — Drowned in Charles River, West Roxbury, Mass.,
2 June, 1861.
Fox, Columbus. 34. Pompey, N.Y. Painter. May, 1861.
Athol. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
FoYE, John E. 24. Chester, N.H. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Lynn. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 11 April, 1862,
Avhen retui'ned to the ranks at his own request ; and again,
17 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 369
Fkencii, Aurin B. 22. IManchester, N.IT. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability (from acci-
dent), 31 Dec, 1861.
Fkf.ncii, Henry D. 19. Coventry, Vt. Cutler. May,
1861. Ilopkiuton. — Wounded in breast, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 1 Aug., 1863. Absent
in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Fkost, George K. 23. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. May,
1861. "Wareliara. — Detached to division ammunition
train, May, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Gerstle, John, jr. 23. Boston, Mass. Bootmak. r. 24
July, 1862. Bellingham —Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Gerstle, Joseph. 19. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker.
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Gorton, Samuel M. 44. Cambridge, Mass. Carpenter.
29 Aug., 1862. Cambridge. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Gould, Edward O. 20. Boxford, Mass. Shoemaker
May, 1861. Topsfield. —Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; discharged in consequence, 25 July, 1862.
Greene, Charles G. 21. Colebrooke (N.H. ?). Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Oakham. — Detailed as regimental wagoner,
8 July, 1861. Died of fever, 30 Jan., 1862, at Frederick,
Md.
Hall, AVilliam II. 18. Danvers, Mass. Seaman. May,
1861. Ipswich. — Enlisted in Third United-States Artil-
lery, 18 Feb., 1863; was appointed corporal there.
Hallet, Charles O. 19. Boston, Mass May,
1861. Brookline. — Company musician, 3 Dec, 1862, to
28 Feb., 1863; corporal, 1 July, 1863. Discharged, 19
March, 1864, to receive commission of second lieutenant in
Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, commission dated 4 Feb., 1864 ;
first lieutenant, 10 Feb., 1865 ; afterwards captain in the
One Hundred and Second United-States Colored Troops.
24
370 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Hancock, Charles P. 28. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker.
2-i July, 1862. Bellingham. — Died of dysentery, 22 Jan.,
18G3, at Frederick, Md.
Hartt, John T. 25. On the ocean. Blacksmith. 14
Aug., 18G2. Lynn. — Detailed as regimental blacksmith,
11 Jan., 18G3, to 18 Jan., 1863; company musician, 9
March, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Haskell, George W. 21. Bridgewater, Mass. Teamster.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 11 April,
1863 ; died soon after.
Hayes, George E. 19. Gorham, Me. Painter. May,
1861. Cambridge. — Discharged for disability, 9 Jan.
1863.
Heald, William H. 24. Boston, Mass. Tinsmith. May,
1861. Hubbardston. — Died of typhoid pneumonia, 17
Dec, 1861, at Baltimore, Md.
Heyavood, Theodore A. 19. Gardner, Mass. Chair-
maker. May, 1861. Gardner. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
HiGGiNS, Henry H. 26. Chesterfield, N.H. Turner.
May, 1861. Boylston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Wincliester; returned to duty, August, 1863. "Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
HOAVKS, Edwin A. 26. Chatham, Mass. Ship-carpenter.
May, 1861. Essex. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 23 April,
1862; sergeant, 2 June, 1862. Appointed commissary-
sergeant, 8 Dec, 1862. — ^qb Non-commissioned Staff.
Hunt, Horace. 26.' Salem, Mass. School-teacher. May,
1861. Athol. — Detailed as commissary's clerk, 16 July,
1861 ; detached as brigade-commissary's clerk, 21 April,
1862. Died of consumption, in 1864, at Athol, Mass.
Hunting, Eli. 25. Hubbardston, Mass. Chairmaker.
May, 1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 8
July, 1861, when detached as hospital attendant. Absent
as hospital attendant, 28 May, 1861, when mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 371
Ji:rsox, Samuel L. 21. Berwick, INIe. Shoemaker. May,
18G1. Ipswich. — Corporal, May, 1801, to 15 Fel)., 18G2 ;
sergeant, 5 March, 1862. AVounded in leg, 17 Sept., 18G2,
at Antietam; returned to duty, 10 March, 18G3. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Kexdall, AVebster A. 20. Gardner, Mass. Farmer.
May, 18G1. Gardner. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Kii:i;\AN, Charles. 18. Malone, N.Y. Farmer. May,
1861. Wenham. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 18G3, at
Gettysburg; died in consequence, 13 July, 1863, at Gettj-^s-
burg.
Lake, Charles II. 22. Topsfield, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Topsfield. — Discharged, to receive appointment of
hospital steward, 15 Nov., 1863.
Lang, Thomas. 19. Topsfield, Mass. Teamster. May,
1861. Gloucester. — Detached to gunboat on the Missis-
sippi, 14 Feb., 1862.
Larrabee, Francis. 26. Lynn, ]\Iass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Larrabee, AVilliam H. 28. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Detached as attendant in corps
hospital, 20 INIay, 1863, to 14 Aug., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Lawrence, Jairus.. 19. Bellinghara, Mass. Bootmaker.
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability,
15 Jan., 1863.
Lewis, Warren E. 24. Saugus, Mass. Shoemaker. 16
Oct., 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in ankle, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 1 Oct., 1863.
LiNSCOTT, John F. 29. Alfred, Me. Blacksmith. 3Iay,
1861. Biddeford, Me. — Blacksmith. 15 July, 18G1.
Detached to division ammunition train, . . . 1862. Clus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
LovEJOY, William S. (L?). 29. South Danvers, I\Iass.
Carpenter. May, 1861. . . . — Corporal, May, 1861.
Discharged for disability, 6 July, 1861.
372 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY.
Macintire, George G. 18. North Reading, Mass. Shoe-
maker. May, 1861. North Reading. — Discharged for
disabihty, 25 Sept., 1861.
Madden, Harry O. 19. Quincy, 111. Farmer. May,
1861. Watertown. — Corporal, 30 Dec., 1862. Dis-
charged for disabihty, 22 April, 1863.
Marsh, Edward, jr. 25. Maiblehead, Mass. Seaman.
May, 1861. Swampscott. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 1
July, 1863. Color corporal, 4 July, 1862, to 1 July, 1863.
AVounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ;
returned to duty, 2G Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Marshall, Joseph T. 31. New York City. Seaman.
22 May, 1861. New York. — Deserted 20 June, 1861.
Martin, James. 32. Portland, Me. Shoemaker. 14 Sept.,
1862. Lynn. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 May, 1863. Mustered
ont 28 May, 1864.
Martin, Solomon. 35. Portland, Me. vSilk-printer. May,
1861. Lynn. — First sergeant, May, 1861. Killed in
action, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam.
Mayall, John C. 19. Effingham, N.H. Spinner. May,
1861. Ipswich. — Discharged, alleging that he had not
been sworn in, 4 Aug., 1861.
McDavitt, Philip. 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861.
Lynn.— Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McDowell, Thomas. 20. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer.
24 July, 1862. ' Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
McLay, John. 19. Sydney, N.S. Mason. May, 1861.
East Boston. — Enlisted iu United-States Artillery, 15
Feb., 1863.
Meiiritt, John R. 19. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker.
23 Oct., 1861. Swampscott. — Company musician, 28
Feb., 1863. Mustered out 17 Oct., 1864.
Moore, E[)hraim W. 20. Orleans, Mass. Chairmaker.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 373
May, 18G1. . . . —Wounded 9 Aujj., 1862, at Cedar
^Mountain ; was left in Culpejjper, upon the evacuation, 18
Aug., 18G2, and died there.
MoRiusSEY, John. 18. Bangor, Me. Servant. May, 18G1.
South Boston. — Wounded in head, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain; returned to duty, 4 Nov., 1862. Killed in
action, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca.
McLHOLLAXD, James. 19. St. Johns, N.B. Confectioner.
May, 1861. St. Johns, N.B. — Taken prisoner (in hospi-
tal), 20 Aug., 1862, at Little Washington, Va. ; returned
to duty 19 Dec., 1862. Mustered out 28 July, 1864.
Nesbitt, Alonzo H. 19. Swampscott, Mass. Fisherman.
May, 1861. Swampscott. — Enlisted in United-States
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863.
Newhall, Horace O. 19. Saugus, Mass. Clerk. May,
1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to June, 1861.—
Company musician, June, 1861, to . . . 1861. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Norwood, Alonzo. 26. Lynnfield, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 18 Mai-ch, 1862. Absent
iu hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. Ke-en-
listed in Veteran Reserve Corps.
OsBORX, John. 19. Ilopkinton, Mass. Law-student. May,
1861. Hopkiiiton. — Wounded in ankle and in . . . 25
May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence, 31
Dec, 1862.
Parker, Alfred R. 20. Hubbardston, Mass. Hostler.
May, 1861 —Corporal, 28 Dec, 1863. Re-en-
listed. — See Second Term.
Parker, Stephen S. 19. Hubbardston, INIass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, 8 July, 1861 ;
sergeant, 30 Dec, 1862. Wounded iu thigh, 3 .luly, 1863,
at Gettysburg. Absent iu liospital 28 JNIay, 1861, when
mustered out.
Parker, Thomas S. 23. Boston, Mass. Clerk. May,
1861. South Gardner. — Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863, at
374 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Gettysburg; returned to duty, Nov., 1863. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Phelps, Leander W. 30. Walpole, N.H. Shoemnker.
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability, 30 May,
1863.
Phillips, Erwin T. 23. Boxford, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Topsfield. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietani ; returned to duty, April, 1864. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Pickering, Asa. 21. Bellingham, Mass. Teamster. 24
July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Pierce, Ivory W. M. 23. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863. Wounded
(sabre-cut), 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va. ; re-
turned to duty, . . . 1862. Wounded in .leg, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 11 Oct., 1862. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
PiN'NEV, James. 19. Nottingham, Eng. Cabinet-maker.
May, 1861. South Dedhara. — Wounded 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysbui-g. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mus-
tered out.
Powers, Lorenzo J. 18. Gardner, Mass. Carpenter.
May, 1861. South Gardner. — Taken prisonei', 25 May,
1862, at Winchester, and paroled; returned to duty, 19
Dec, 1862. Wounded in ankle (amputation), 9 June,
1863, at Beverly Ford; discharged in consequence, 22
Jan., 1864.
Raye, Alexander H. 32. Glasgow, Scotland. Engine-
driver. May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Company musi-
cian. May, 1861, to Aug., 1861. Sergeant, 24 Aug., 1861.
Deserted 28 Aug., 1861 ; brought back 29 Oct., 1861.
Deserted again, November, 1861.
Richards, Charles F. 36. West Roxbury, Mass. Black-
smith. May, 1861. Roxbury. — Detached as blacksmith
to division ambulauce corps, 21 Oct., 1862. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 375
Richardson, Delavan. 21* Athol, Mass. Machinist.
May, 18G1. Athol. — Corporal, 24 Oct., 18G2. Wounded
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to
duty, 16 May, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Shaughnkssy, Michael. 20. St. Andrews, N.B. Car-
penter. May, 1861. South Boston. — "Wounded 25 May,
1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled ; never
returned; dropped as deserter, July, 1863.
Slocum, Hazard P. 40. Tolland, Mass. Teamster. 24
July, 1862. Bellingham. — Died of dysentery, 19 March,
1863, at Frederick, Md.
Smith, George E. 18. Portland, Me. Teamster. May,
1861. Cape Elizabeth, Me. — Enlisted in United-States
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863.
Smith, Hubbard V. 18. Shutesbury, Mass. Painter.
May, 1861. Athol. — Wounded in side, 25 May, 1S62, at
Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled. Discharged in
consequence of wounds, 29 Dec., 186$.
Smith, William H. 21. Dorchester, Mass. Farmer. IMay,
1861. East Cambridge. — Detached to Tliird United-
States Artillery, 14 Feb., 1863; transferred 16 Feb.,
186S.
Staten, William H. 19. Gloucester, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Corporal, 11 April, 1862. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Steelk, Charles H. 18. Holden, Ma^s. Bar-tender. May,
1861. Holden. — Discharged for disability, 25 Sept., 1861.
Stone, Addison D. 18. Swampscott, Mass. Fisherman.
May, 1861. Swampscott.- — Dropped from the rolls, 24
March, 1864; transferred to regular battery.
Todd, Thomas M. 22. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861 . Ipswicli. — Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi,
February, 1862.
Towns KXD, Edward L. 23. Athol, Mass. Slioemakcr.
May, 1861. Athol. — Enlisted in Third United-States
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863.
376 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^ySTTRY.
Tyler, Colraan J. 18. Canaau, N.H. "Watchmaker.
May, 18G1. Ipswich. — Company musician, . . . 1861, to
. . . 18G2. Detailed as attendant in hospital, 3 March,
18G3, to 20 March, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
VosK, Edwin O. 18. Royalston, Mass. Factory opera-
tive. May, 1861. Royalston. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester; died in consequence, 25 June, 1862, at
Winchester.
Whipple, Alfred P. 23. Richmond, N.H. Farmer. May,
1861. Gardner. — Appointed marker, 2 Oct., 1862, to
. . . 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Whitney, Jared P. 20. Fitzwilliam, N.H. Teamster.
May, 1861. Templeton.— Deserted 15 Sept., 1862.
Whittaker, Edward F. 33. Rochester, Vt. Chairmaker.
May, 1 861. Gardner. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 18 March, 1862.
WiLKiNS, Moses D. 35. Wareham, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Wenham. — Injured during skirmish, 1 April,
1862, between Strasburg and Edenburg, Va. ; discharged
in consequence, 5 June, 1862.
Williams, James M. 20. Lynn, Mass. Clerk. May,
1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, May, 1862. Wounded, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 27 May, 1862,
at Winchester.
COMPANY G.
Allen, James. 25. Newry, Ireland. Tailor. May, 1861.
New York. — Detached to Fourth United-States Artillery,
8 April, 1862. Wounded, 24 May, 1862, near Stras-
burg, Va., taken prisoner, and paroled. Discharged in
consequence of wounds, 19 Dec, 1862.
Alley, Benjamin L. 34. Lynn, Mass. Crier. May,
1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
THE ENLISTED MEN. 377
Chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Detached to
division ambulance corps, 29 Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28
May, 1804.
Andrkws, William. 23. N . . . N.Y. Morocco-dresser,
May, 1861. South Danvers. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to
20 July, 1801 ; and again, 9 June, 1862. Killed in action,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Baldavin, John D. S. 18. Nashua, N.H. Scholar. May,
1861. Lowell. — Company musician, May, 1861, to 13
Sept., 1861, when detached as adjutant's orderly; again
company musician, 26 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner, 25
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct.,
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Barry, Thomas. 24. Fermoy, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Marblehead. — Transferred to Livalid Corps, 25
June, 1863.
Bassett, Addison. 23 May, 1861.
Indian Orchard. — Deserted June, 1861.
Bedell, Francis B. 19. Brooklyn, N.Y. Bookkeeper.
24 July, 1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863,
at Chaucellorsville.
Billings, James D. 35. Canton, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Quincy. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; discharged for disability, 4 Feb., 1863.
Blanchard, William J. 18. Mexico, Me. Farmer.
May, 1861. Hanover, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; exchanged, November, 1862, but
never returned to duty. Dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct.,
1862 (State rolls say "disability").
Bohoxan, Carlos E. 35. Washington, Vt. Hack-
driver. 10 Oct., 1862. Boston.— Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863.
Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Kesaca. INIustered
out 28 May, 1864.
BosTOX, Edward. 22. Fairfield, Me. Carpenter. May,
1861. South Boston. — Detailed as company cook, 6
Aug., 1S61. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
378 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
BoswORTH, Orin W. 25. Plymouth, Mass. Mason. 14
Aug., 1862. Plymouth. — Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancel lorsville. Transferred .to Invalid Corps, 31 Oct.,
1863.
Brookings, Samuel H. 18. Boston, Mass. Painter. 25
July, 1862. Winchestei-. — Discharged for disability, 31
Oct., 1862.
BuRNHAM, George H. 18. West Cambridge, Mass. Butcher.
May, 1861. Winchester. — Detached, in 1862, as hos-
pital steward in Baltimore. Absent 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
BuRNHAM, Mellen P. 21. Gilead, Me. Machinist. 21
July, 1862. Winchester.' — Wounded in thigh, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg. . Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July,
1864.
Burns, Andrew J. 23. Boston, Mass. Sailor May,
1861. Boston. An " old man-of-war's man." — Sergeant,
May, 1861, to 6 Feb., 1862. Detached to gunboat on the
Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862, and deserted while on the way
thither.
Callanan, John. 24. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Weymouth. — Wounded in . . . 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain. Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1863. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Carey, Ephraim. 26. Brookfield, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. West Brookfield. — Discharged for disability, June,
1861.
Carll, Alonzo W. 19. Waterboro', Me. Scholar. May,
1861. Lowell. — Company musician, May, 1861 ; ap-
pointed principal musician, 1 July, 1863. — See JV^on-com-
missioned Staff.
Carroll, Thomas S. 18. Macclesfield, England. Ma-
chinist. May, 1861. Chicopee. Taken prisoner, 25
May, 1862, at Winchester. Dropped from the rolls, 17
Oct., 1862 (State rolls say "disability").
THE ENLISTED MEN. 379
Clark, James IL 19. Easthampton, Mass. Blacksmith.
May, 18G1. Easthampton. — Died of typhoid fever, 14
Aug., 1863, at Fairfax, Seminary, Va.
CoGGixs, John. 20. Riverstown, Ireland. Morocco-dresser.
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 24 March, 1862,
at Kerustown, Va. ; discharged, while paroled prisoner.
May, 1862.
Coles, George. 21. Manchestel-, England. Carpenter.
2 July, 1862. Boston. — "Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 28
March, 1863.
Co-MEY, Henry M. 21. Hopkinton, Mass. . . . May,
1861. Hopkinton. — Corporal, 2 June, 1862; sergeant, 1
Nov., 1862 ; promoted to be second lieutenant, 1 Nov.,
1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
Connor, Eugene. 19. Ireland. Laborer. May, 1861.
Lowell. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 21 Nov., 1863.
CooLEY, Marius S. 23. Springfield, Mass. Brakeman.
14 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Wounded in shoulder, 3
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid
Corps.
Cook, Solomon. 21. Canada. Blacksmith. 17 Feb., 1862.
Springfield. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, February,
1862. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ;
never returned, and dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 1862.
CowLES, William A. 27. Southbridge, Mass. Laborer.
May, 1861. Warren. — Discharged for disability (from
accident), July, 1862.
Cronin, John. 25. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861.
Quincy. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester;
discharged for disability, 17 Oct., 1862.
Crouch, George H. 20. Warren, Mass. Butcher. May,
1861. Warren. — Discharged for disability, 19 Nov.,
1862.
Dane, Hiram. 21. Westford, Mass. Painter. May, 1861.
Westford. — Discharged for disability, 23 June, 1862.
380 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Dane, William. 18. Westford, Mass. Farmer. May, 18G1.
Westford. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester,
Dklay, Thomas A. 20. Boston, Mass. Teamster. May,
18G1. Boston. — Wounded 25 May, 18G2, at Winchester,
taken prisoner, and paroled; returned to duty, I'J Dec,
1862. Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 1863.
Dillingham, Charles. 27. Brewster, Mass. Clerk. 15
Feb., 1862. Chelsea. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence, 9 Sept., 1862, at
Alexandria.
Dillon, Philip F. 20. Boston, Mass. Jeweller. May,
1861. Providence, R.I. —Wounded in side, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 19 Jan., 1863.
Wounded in side, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville; dis-
charged in consequence, 13 Oct., 1863.
Dix, Charles E. 20. Germany. Weaver. May, 1861.
South Hadley Falls. — Corporal, May, 1861. Wounded
in thigh, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; discharged in conse-
quence, 21 May, 1863.
Dobbins, George R. 19. Lowell, Mass. ... 9 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 17 Feb.,
1863.
Dobbins, Richard. 18. Lowell, Mass. Boiler-maker. May,
1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17 Oct., 1862.
Draper, William D: 20. Waylaud, Mass. Machinist.
May, 1861. Wayland. — Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863. Taken
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty,
23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in knee, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 3 Nov., 1863.
Driscoll, Michael. 18 18 Oct., 1861.
Lowell. — Enlisted in United-States Artillery.
Eagan, Daniel. 18. Somerville, Mass. Glass-blower. 30
June, 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 15 Oct.,
1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 381
Eaton, Hiram A. 21. Ludlow, Mass. Hatter. May,
1861. Soutliampton. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 1 July,
1862. Died of typhoid fever, July, 1862, at Frederiek,
INId.
Faruell, Edward. 29. Lowell, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Marblehead. — Corporal, 18 May, 1862; sergeant,
1 Jan., 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Fisher, Charles G. 20. Roxbury, Mass. Clerk. May,
1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Fitch, Albert. 18. Woburn, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861.
Burlington. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861. Killed in action, 3
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Foley, William. 22. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Braintree. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862, at
AVinchester; discharged for disability, 26 July, 1863.
French, Henry P. 21. Andover, Mass. Watchmaker.
16 June, 1862. Andover. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Fuller, Harrison A. 19. Northampton, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Indian Orchard. — Dropped from the rolls,
17 Oct., 1862. Enlisted in regular cavalry.
FuRBER, Joseph. 35. Westmoreland, N.H. (?) Hack-driver.
21 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg.
GiLLEEX, John. 36. ... N.Y. Laborer. 23 June,
1862. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 24 Oct., 1862.
Glenn, Alexander B. 25. Richmond, Va. Pattern-finisher.
21 June, 1862. Boston. — Wounded 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Nov.,
1863.
Goodbier, Robert. 20. Saxony, Germany. Farmer. May,
1861. South Iladley Falls. — Wounded in hand, 25 May,
382 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled. Dis-
charged 17 Oct., 1863.
GoODiiiND, Richard. 18. Devonshire, Eng. Paper-maker.
May, 1861. Russell. — Corporal, 1 April, 1864. Taken
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty,
19 Dec, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Gove, Ira L. 44. Montpelier, Vt. Cabinet-maker. May,
1861. Winchester. — Wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 19 Feb., 1862.
Gove, Sorell. 32. Montpelier, Vt. Laborer. 23 July,
1862. Winchester. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1
Sept., 1862.
Green, Joseph D. 20. Petersham, Mass. Barber. 15
May, 1861. Ware. — Transferred, 1 Jan., 1862, to Com-
pany H, which see.
Green, IMartin. 39. Roxbury, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Melrose. — Wounded in thigh and in arm, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; was left at Culpepper, 17 Aug.,
1862, in the evacuation of that place, and undoubtedly
died.
Hatch, Francis A. 24. Winchester, Mass. Machinist.
23 July, 1862. Winchester. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Hazelton, Charles H. 24. Boston, Mass. Mason. May,
1861. AYinchestei'. — Corporal, Nov., 1861, to 30 Dec,
1862. Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun-
tain ; i-eturned to duty, . . . 1863. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Howard, Henry 0. 18. ... Mass. Mariner. 26 June,
1862. Springiield. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
HoxSEY, Henry C. 26. Williamstown, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Williamstown. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Hubbard, John. 28. Ireland. Laborer. 7 July, 1862.
Boston. — Dropped from the rolls, '2{j July, 1863 (rolls at
THE ENLISTED MEN. 383
State House say " monthly report says ' discharged for dis-
ability, 19 July, 18G2.' Killed at Cedar Mountain.")
HuKXKY, Martin. 21. Clough, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862; dis-
charged in consequence, 5 Feb., 1863.
JoiiNSOX, John W. 22. Barre, Vt. Grocer, 7 July,
18G2. Boston. — Term prolonged. Dischai'ged, 11 Jan.,
1865, by order of War Department.
Jones, Edward. 34. Manchester, England. Cabinet-
maker. May, 1861. Burlington. — Taken prisoner, 25
INIay, 18G2, at Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862.
Died of typhoid pneumonia, 13 Nov., 1862, near Sharps-
burg, Md.
KiiLLEY, Frederick. 21 Printer. May, 1861.
Boston. — Discharged for disability, 19 Oct., 1861.
Kkmp, Ezekiel. 22. Hopkinton, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Hopkinton. — Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862; sergeant,
1 Oct., 1863. Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg ; returned to duty, 1 vSept., 1863. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
King, Warren H. 19. Monson, Mass. ... 13 March,
1862. Springfield. — Dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct.,
1862.
KiRBY, Edward. 21. Nova Scotia. Farmer. May, 1861.
Cambridge. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches-
ter; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in thigh,
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 27 Sept.,
1864, when mustered out.
KiTTREDGE, Malcolm G. 26. Nelson, N.H. Painter.
May, 1861. Brookline. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville.
Laflin, William W. 35. Charlestown, Mass. Track-
master. May, 1861. Warren. — Detailed as company
cook, 6 -Aug., 1861, to 22 Jan., 1862. Discharged for dis-
ability, 7 July, 1862.
Lamb, John. 25. Koscommon, Ireland. Laborer. ^lay,
1861. . . . — Discharged lor disability, 11 Jan., 1863.
884 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESfPANTRY.
Lamb, Thomas. 28. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer. May,
186L Lonsdale (R.L ?) — Taken prisoner at Winchester^
25 May, 1862 ; returned to duty, Oct., 1862. Discharged
for disability, 29 July, 1863.
Lawrenck, George C. 42. Boston, Mass. Hair-dresser,
24 July, 1862. Winchester. — Wounded in tliigh, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; ti'ansferred to Invalid Corps, . . .
1863.
Lawton, John. 43. Limerick, Ireland. Carpenter. 12
Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Leahy, Daniel. 24. Coscomley, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Boston. — Deserted, Aug., 1863.
Leckie, Charles D. 18. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 28 July,
1862. Brookline. — Transferi-ed to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept.,
1863.
Lee, Patrick. 30. Connaught, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Marblehead. — Deserted 18 Feb., 1863, while hav-
ing a pass to visit Washington.
LiNFEST, James H. 34. . . . Me. Ship-carpenter. 18
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 1 July,
1862.
LiNFiELD, Jonathan. 21. Stoughton, Mass. Machinist.
May, 1861. Canton. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at Ce-
dar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 1 July, 1863.
Lynch, James R. 25. Halifax, N.S. Stone-cutter. May,
1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant, 1 Nov.,
1861. Died of typhoid fever, 29 May, 1862, at Williams-
port, Md.
Madden, Amos L. IS. Milford, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Milford. — Corporal, 3 July, 1863, "for gallantry
in action ; " and color-corporal same day. Wounded in
neck, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty,
10 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864
Mallard, Levi W. 31. Tuftonborough, N.H. Cord-
wainer. May, 186 L Lynn. — Corporal, July, 1861;
THE ENLISTED MEN. 385
color-corporal, 4 July, 1862; sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2,to 30
Dec, 18G2, when returned to the ranks at his own request,
on account of ill-health. Discharged for disability, 30
March, 1863.
Mannion, John. 27. Queenstown, Ireland. Laborer.
May, 1861. Wareham. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Wounded,
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 28
July, 1863. Discharged for disability, 30 Sept., 1863.
Marsh, Allen A. 20. Coleraine, Mass. Tailor. May,
1861. South Adams. — Wounded in shoulder (by shell),
25 May, 1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled ;
dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 1862.
Mayxard, Charles E. 32. Ashburnham, Mass. Brake-
man. 14 Aug., 1862. Bi'ookliue. — Discharged for dis-
ability, 18 Feb., 1863.
McCarthy, John. 19. Lee, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861.
Lee. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 20 Oct., 1861.
Enlisted in Fourth United-States Artillery, 27 Oct., 1862.
McCrohan, Daniel. 22. Tralee, L-eland. Servant. May,
1861. Ilolyuke. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain. Enlisted in United-States Cavalry, 29 Dec,
1862.
McDermott, John. 19. Halifax, N.S. Painter. May,
1861. South Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McDonald, Charles A. 26. Chatham, N.B. Currier,
May, 1861. North Woburn. — Corporal, May, 1861;
sergeant, 5 Jan., 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862, to 19
April, 1863, when made second sergeant; first sergeant
again, 17 July, 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Mbykr, Henry G. 43. Bokenhein, Germany. Barber.
5 Aug., 1862. Boston, — A corporal in European ser-
vice. Wounded in abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
25
386 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Mo OAR, Charles A. 23. Ipswich, Mass. Student. 13
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 18G3. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
MoRiARTY, Dennis. 38. Kilkenny, Ireland. Stone-cutter.
May, 1861. Quincy. — Died of typhoid fever, 3 April,
1862, at Quincy, Mass., while on furlough.
Morse, Eleazar. 40. Rutland, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. West Medway. — Discharged for disability, 5
March, 1864.
Nelsox, John F. 24. Lowell, Mass. Carpenter. May,
1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded, 3
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 1 July,
1863 ; wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Ab-
sent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Nichols, Alpheus 0. 29. Burlington, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Burlington. — Detaded as regimental wag-
oner, 20 Aug., 1861 ; detached to division ambulance corps,
16 Oct., 1862. Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863.
Noble, Robert R. 20. Williamstown, Mass. Student.
May, 1861. AVilliamstown. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Dis-
charged for disability, 18 Aug., 1861.
O'CoNNELL, Andrew. 33. Kenmare, Ireland. Laborer.
May, 1861. Quincy. — Dropped from tlie rolls, 26 July,
1863 (" discharged by order." — Adj. Gen.).
O'CoNNicLL, Maurice. 28. Kenmare, Ireland. Bootmaker.
May, 1861. Quincy. — Dropped from the rolls, 26 July,
1863 ("discharged by order." — Adj. Gen.).
Otto, Frank. 24. Saxony. AVeaver. May, 1861. South
Hadley. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861, to 1 Jan., 1864; trans-
ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 1 Jan., 1864.
Pagi-:, Theophilus F. 18. AVoburn, Mass. Currier. May,
1861. North Woburn. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sei'geant,
18 May, 1862. Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 26 Jan., 1863.
Became second lieutenant in the Twenty-eighth Massa-
chusetts.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 387
PalmivR, Azro. 22. Dickinson, N.Y. Carpenter. May,
18G1. Dickinson, N.Y. — Discharged for disability, 17
Oct., 1862.
Pakki:u, Alvah J. 23. Peterboro', N.H. Machinist.
May, 18G1. Peterboro', N.H. — Wounded in arm (ampu-
tated), 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in
consequence, 11 Sept., 18G2.
Parker, Charles A Oct., 1861. Lowell.
Absent in hospital, 15 Oct., 1864, when mustered out.
Patio, Timothy. 28. Billerica, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Burlington. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg. Absent iu hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
PiiCK, Chauncy. 20. Ilawley, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861.
Warren. — Killed in action, 24 May, 1862, near Kerns-
town, Va.
Peck, Philo H. 18. Hawley, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. Warren. — Hospital attendant, 1861, to 13 April,
18G2. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Pentlam), William J. 26. Boston, Mass. Painter. May,
1861. South Boston. — Detached as post mail agent, 20
March, 1863, to May, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 24 Oct., 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Powers, Albert W. 20. AVarren, Mass. Salesman. 15
May, 1861. Warren. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant.
May, 1861. Transferred, 20 Dec, 1861, to Company H.,
which see.
PuRCELL, James. 27. Dublin, Ireland. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Natick. — Corporal, 12 Feb., 1862; color-corporal,
15 Jan., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed in action,
3 ]\Iay, 1863, at Chancellorsville, while color-corporal.
Kemick, Prescott. 21. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. 20
March, 1862. Boston. — Wounded iu breast, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam ; died iu consequence, 2 Oct., 1862, at
Frederick, Md.
388 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Richardson, Jesse. 22. Winchester, Mass. Clerk. 8
July, 18G2. Winchester. — Corporal, 29 Nov., 18G2 ;
first sergeant, 1 Oct., 18G3. Wounded in head, o July,
1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 1 Sept., 1863.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Richardson, Moses P. 25. Woburn, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Winchester. — Corporal, 9 Jan., 1862; ser-
geant, 12 Feb., 1862; first sergeant, 19 April, 1863.
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re-
turned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm and
side, 17 Sept., 1862; returned to duty, July, 1863. Ap-
pointed sergeant-major, 17 July, 1863. — See Non-com-
missioned Staff.
Root, Warner A. 19. Vernon, Vt. Clerk. 11 May,
1861. South Hadley Falls. — Appointed company clerk,
18 Jan., 1862 ; detailed as acting hospital steward, 17 Nov.,
1862; appointed hospital steward, 16 Feb., 1863. — See
Non-commissioned Slaff.
Sawyer, Jonas H. 26. Sidney, Me. Hack-driver. 10
Oct., 1862. Boston. — Woanded in leg (broken), 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville, and taken prisoner; never re-
turned to regiment. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
SCANNELL, James. 26. Croome, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Quincy. — Wounded in foot, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester, taken prisoner and paroled. Discharged in con-
sequence of wound, 22 April, 1863.
Sharon, Joseph D. 29. Boston, Mass. Wheelwright.
23 July, 1862. Winchester. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Smith, George A. 18. Springfield, Mass. Laborer. 17
Feb., 1862. — Springfield. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence, 29 Oct.,
1862, at Washington, D.C.
South ACK, George P. 21. Boston, Mass. Soldier. May,
1861. Boston. — A soldier in United-States army in
Utah. First sergeant, May, 1861, to 9 May, 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 389
Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain;
traDsfen-ed to Invalid Corps.
Spkncku, Lorenzo D. 32. Tjringham, Mass. Paper-
maker. May, 18GI. Russell. — Corporal, May, 18G1, to
1 July, 18G2 ; detached as clerk to division ordnance
department, 9 Aug., 1861. Discharged for disability, 20
Oct., 1862.
Si'RAGUic, George W. 18. Deerfield, Mass. Laborer.
May, 1861. North Adams. — Deserted 19 Aug., 1862.
Stevens, Alfred. 21. Charlestown, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Warren.— Died of typhoid fever, 8 April, 1862,
at Frederick, Md.
Stone, Roswell L. 21. Warren, Mass. Laborer. May,
1861. Warren. — Vyounded in groin, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 9 March,
1863. .
Tebbets, Charles W. (M.?). 31. Bath, Me. Engineer.
21 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4
March, 1863.
Tenney, Michael. 27 Sailor. May, 1861.
Marblehead. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861 ; sergeant, 30 Dec,
1862. Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
returned to duty, 17 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Tho 51 AS, Charles W. 21. Boston, Mass. Salesman. 26 July,
1862. Boston. — Corporal, 30 Doc, 1862; sergeant, 1
Jan., 1863 ; promoted to be second lieutenant. — See Com-
missioned Officers.
Thompson, Alfred J. 24. Coleraine, Ireland. Laborer
2 July, 1861. Boston. — Mustered out, 28 May, 1864.
Tiffany, Owen. 20. Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 1861.
Warren. — Wounded in side and arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 13 April, 1863.
ToAL, John. 35. Dundalk, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Quincy. — AVounded 2.5 May, 1862, at Winchester,
and taken prisoner; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
390 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Walcott, George K. 18. Brighton, Mass. Painter.
May, 1861 — Discharged for disability, June,
1861.
Watson, Gerando J. 21. Winchester, Ma«s. Farmer.
21 July, 18G2. Winchester. — Previously in the Twenty-
second Massachusetts. Discharged for disability, 30 Nov.,
1862.
Welch, William. 88. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. South Braiutree. — Detailed as company cook, 23
Jan., 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at Winches-
ter ; returned to duty, October, 1862. Discharged fur dis-
ability, 31 Jan., 1863.
Wheaton, Daniel H. 21. Machias, Me. Sailor. May,
1861. Machias, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis-
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 26 July,
1863,
Whiddex, Charles L. 21. Atkinson. Me. Carriage-
builder. May, 1861. Atkinson, Me. — Corporal, May,
1861, to 29 Nov., 1862, when returned to ranks during
prolonged absence. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Wounded
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. Absent in hos-
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Whitten, George. 18. Newburjport, Mass. Morocco-
dressei'. May, 1861. Chelsea. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
WiLLiSTON, Roland vS. 26. Holyoke, Mass. Barber.
May, 1861. Holyoke. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant,
July, 1861 ; first sergeant, 18 May, 1862. Wounded in
hand and in thigh (leg amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain ; died in consequence, 18 Aug., 1862, at Culpep-
per, Va.
AViLSON, Gordon S. 20. Salisbury, N.H. Clerk. May,
1861. Plymouth, N. II.— Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863. Killed
in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Young, Albert A. 20. Jay, Me. Teamster. May, 1861.
Manchester, N.H. — Deserted 1 Sept., 1861.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 391
Young, John E. 25. Belfast, Me. Machinist. May,
1861. Nortli Andover. — Corporal, May, 18G1, to . . •
1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
COMPANY H.
AcKEKT, Lord M. 31. New-York City. Machiuist. 30
Au^., 1862. Peru. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
ANGirLL, Charles. 20. Webster, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Dudley. — Corporal, September, 1861, to 20 Dec,
1861 ; and a-ain, 1 May, 1862. Sergeant, 1 March, 1863.
Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; returned to
duty, 10 Iklarch, 1863. Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863, at
Ci.ancellorsville; not disabled. Wounded in hip, 3 July,
â– 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Babgock, Alonzo J. 26. Norwich, Vt. AVeaver. 11
May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred to Company H, from
Company A, 21 Dec., 1861. Corporal, 21 Dec, 1861 ;
sergeant, 21 Nov., 1862; first sergeant, 14 March, 1863.
Wmnided in arm (amputated above the elbow), 3 July,
1863, and died in consequence, 10 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg.
Ball, George. 30. Lancashire, England. Shoemaker.
23 May 1^61. Roxbury. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to Sep-
tember,' 1861 ; corporal, 29 Dec, 1861, to 1 Jan., 1862.
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned
to duty, October, 1862. Company cook, 16 'Feb., 1864.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Barrkll, Paschal. 25. Turner, Me. Farmer. 8 Aug.,
1862. Brooklino. — Wounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at
Chaucellorsville ; died in consequence, 12 May, 1863, at
Aquia Landing, Va.
392 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Bell, James P. 35. Searsport, Me. Shoemaker. 23 May,
1861. North Bridgewater.— Corporal, May, 1861. De-
serted 1 Sept., 1861.
BiNNEY, George L. 20. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 11 May,
1861. Roxbury. — Detailed as quartermaster's clerk, 11
May, 1861. Appointed quartermaster sergeant, 15 March,
1862. — See Non-commissioned Staff ; also. Commissioned
Officers.
Birmingham, John. 19. Danvers, Mass, Shoemaker. 11,
May, 1861. Danvers. — Discharged for disability, June,
1861.
Boss, Charles. 22. Albany, N.Y. — Laborer. 22 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Deserted, 26 May, 18(}2.
Brown, John. 22. Sligo, Ireland. Shoemaker. May,
1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in hand, 3 May,
1863. at Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Brown, Tliomas. 21. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Killed in action. 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam.
BuRDETT, Charles. 21. North Reading, Mass. Shoe-
maker. May, 1861. North Reading. — Corporal, 21
Nov., 1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; died in conseqiience, 8 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
BuKKE, James. 21. Cork, L-eland. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Abington. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 6 Oct., 1862. Killed
in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Burke, Thomas. 20. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept.,
1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 10 Dec, 1862.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
BuRRiLL, David, jr. 33. ... Mass. Shoemaker. 21
May, 1861. Stoughton. — Enlisted wagoner, July, 1861,
to September, 1861 ; company cook, September, 1861, to
20 April, 1863. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 393
Bdtterfield, Dexter. 19. Dunstable, Mass, Farmer.
19 Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred, 21 Dec., 18G1,
to Company A, which see.
Cahill, Robert C 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 18G1.
Marblehead. — Transferred to Company H, from Com-
pany C, 28 Dec, 1861. Corporal, 29 Dec., 1861. Killed
in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Cannon, Thomas. 41. . Ireland. Farmer. 23 July, 1862.
Winchester. — Discharged for disability, 20 March, 1863.
Carraiiku, Frank L. 25. Armagh, Ireland. Wood-turner.
11 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant,
. July, 1861, to 20 Dec, 1861. Detached to Corthran's
New- York Battery and to Fourth United-States Artillery,
10 April, 1862, to 19 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisled. — See
Second Term.
Casey, Michael. 19. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 15
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861 ;
sergeant, 21 Nov., 1862; first sergeant, 24 Aug., 1863.
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken
prisoner ; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Mustered out
28 May, 1864.
Chase, George W. 22. Dudley, Mass. Mule-spinner. 1 1
May, 1861. Webster. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Antietam. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
Chase, Hiram. 23. Dudley, Mass. Mule-spinner. May,
1861. AVebster. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861 ; color-corporal,
4 July, 1862, to 1 Aug., 1862. Transferred to Invalid
Corps, 15 Dec, 1863.
Chase, Willard K. 22. Groveland, Mass. vShoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Georgetown. — Discharged for disability,
1 Dec, 1862.
Clark, John. 29. Boston, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 May,
1861. Easton. — Detailed wagoner, 1 July, 1861, to 7
April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — SeQ Second Term.
Cronin, Dennis. 22. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11
394 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
May, 1861. Boston. — Went to hospital in August, 1862 ;
absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
CuLLKN, John. 21. Longford, Ireland. Bootmaker. May,
1861. North Bri<lge water. — Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Corcoran, William. 20. Cork, Ireland. Cloth-dresser.
May, 1861. Lowell —Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 25 Nov.,
1863.
Dammerall, William H. 18. St. Johns, N.B. Farmer.
May, 1861. Chelsea. — Taken prisoner, 16 Aug., 1862, at
Culpepper, Va. ; returned to duty, 24 Dec, 1862. Injured
by ball striking breastplate, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville ; returned to duty, June, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Davis, James A. 18. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 10
Nov., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred, 21 Dec, 1861, to
Company A, which see.
De Weale, Alfred. 18. Warwick, England. "None."
21 May, 1861. East Boston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
DoNNOVAN, John. 22. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Lawrence. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam.
DooLiTTLE, Samuel. 26. Oswego, N.Y. Printer. May,
1861. Toledo, Ohio. — In hospital since August, 1862;
was in convalescent camp, 7 May, 1863; absent in hospi-
tal, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Duffy, Thomas. 29. Farmanha, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Easton. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain.
Dunbar, John B. 18. West Bridge water. Farmer. May,
1861. West Bridgewater. — Died of typhoid fever, 6
Nov., 1861, at Seneca Mills, Md.
Farringtox, John E. 20. Milford, Mass. Laborer. 30
Aug., 1862. Milford. — Wounded in abdomen, 3 July,
THE ENLISTED MEN. 395
18G3, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, , . July, 1863,
at Gettysburg.
Fernald, Charles F. 20. Wakefield, N.II. Farmer. U
Aug., 1862. Wakefield, N.II — Wounded and missing
(doubtless dead), 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Flynn, Charles. 29. Mayo, Ireland. Carpenter. May,
1861. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Foss, Phineas H. 44. Wayne, Me. Bootmaker. May,
1861. Boston. — Detailed as hospital orderly, 18 Sept.,
1861, to 15 Sept., 1863 ; and again, 21 Nov., 1863, to 22
Feb., 1864. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Galligan, Owen. 20. Longford, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Deserted 3 July,
1861.
Gardner, Benjamin N. 28. North Bridgewater, Mass.
Shoe-finisher. 23 May, 1861. North Bridgewater.—
Corporal, May, 1861, to May, 1861. Detached to division
division ambulance corps, 29 Oct., 1862. Died of disease,
31 Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md.
Gelray, Joseph W. 24. Manchester, England. Weaver.
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred to Company H,
from Company A, 22 Dec, 1861. In Company A, corpo-
ral, 25 May, 1861 ; in company H, sergeant, 22 Dec,
1861. Wounded severely in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie-
tam. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1862. —
See Cummissioned Officers.
GiLLEY, George. 18. At sea, off Cape Cod. Sailor. 20
May, 1861. Boston. — Company musician, May, 1861.
He-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Gordon, John. 45. Hampstead, N.H. Farmer. 23
July, 1862. — Winchester. — Died of chronic diarrhoea,
6 Jan., 1863, at Alexandria, Va.
Greene, Charles F. 25. Meredith, N.H. Shoemaker. 24
May, 1861. New York. — First sergeant, 24 May, 1861,
to 19 Dec, 18G1. Detailed as quartermaster's clerk, 30
March, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
396 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Greene, Joseph D. 20. Petersham, Mass. Barber. 15
May, 1861. Ware. — Transferred to Company II, from
Company G, 1 Jan., 1862. Corporal, 31 July, 1863. De-
tached to duty at Long Island, Boston Harbor, 16 July,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Hall, Charles M. 29. Rochester, Mass, Shoe-finisher.
May, 1861. North Bridge water. — Corporal, . . May,
1861. Deserted, Sept., 1861.
Hall, Freeman L. 18. Worcester, Mass. Farmer. May,
1861. Milbury. — Wounded in leg, d Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 25 March,
1863.
Haney, William. 19. Randolph, Mass. Shoemaker. 2
Sept., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
HannI'Gan, Michael. 25. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 11
May, 1861. Dedham. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville.
Harbird, John. 21. Boston, Mass. Brush-maker. 30
July, 1862. Boston. — Deserted 25 Dec, 1862.
Harris, William. 21. Kilkenny, Ireland. Shoemaker.
23 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Sergeant, 23 May,
.1861. Wounded in neck, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester
(in the street), taken prisoner and paroled ; returned to
duty, 24 Nov., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Heel AN, Patrick. 18. Limerick, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862. Wounded
in breast, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville; in hospital, 28
May, 1864, when mustered out.
Hennessey, Jeremiah. 26. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 7 July,
1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 9 Jan., 1863.
Hill, Gershom S. 26. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. ]\Iay,
1861. Cambridge. — Discharged for disability, .. June,
1861.
HoLYOKE, John A. 19. Mai'lboro', Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Dischaiged for disability, 24
Nov., 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 397
Howe, Leonard. 29. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Georgetown. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 18G1. Died of
chronic diarrhoea, 28 Nov., 18G1, near Seneca Mills, Md.
Jellisox, WilHam H. 21. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker.
]May, 18G1. Rowley. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Wincliester ; returned to AYashington, D.C., and died there,
of typhoid pneumonia, 13 Oct., 1862.
JOHNSOX, Arthur. 21. Stockbridge, Vt. Laborer. May,
1861. Reading, Yt. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
JoHNSOX, Richard. 19. North Bridgewater, Mass. Car-
penter. May, 1861. Nortli Bridgewater. — Discharged
for disability, 3 July, 1862.
Keating, Maurice. 20. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Taken prisoner, 2.5
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct.,
1862. Deserted, 1 April, 1863, while on furlough.
Keenan, Patrick. 22. Longford, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — In hospital since Au-
gust, 1862; was returned, June, 1864, as deserter. Re-
enlisted 24 June, 1864. — See Second Term.
Kellaher, John. 35. Cork, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 12 Feb.,
1863.
Kelley, Henry. 32. Leitrim, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Lawrence (Pawtucket, R.I.?). Mustered out 2^
May, 1864.
Kelliiier, Hugh. 19. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 22 Aug.
1862. Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept.,
1863.
Kellogg, Charles F. 36. Amherst, Mass. Painter. 23
May, 1861. Amherst. — Corporal, 23 May, 1861, to Jul}',
1861; and again, . . . 1861. Sergeant, 20 Dec, 1861.
Discharged for disability, 14 Feb., 1863.
Kennedy, Michael. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Hatter. May,
1861. Lawrence. — AVounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 18 July (20 Oct.?),
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
398 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Lehane, James. 24. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May,
18G1. Easton. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar
Mountain; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862, Mustered out
28 Mfiy, 1864.
Leigiiton, Daniel M. 45. Addison, Me. Mason. May,
1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863.
Leonard, John M. 35. St. Helens, England. Tailor.
May, 1861. Lee. — Discharged for disability, 28 MaVch,
1863.
Longfellow, Nathan. 23. Newbury, Mass. Farmer.
May, 1861. Newburyport.— Corporal, 12 May, 1862;
sergeant, 1 March, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862, Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Lynch, James. 27. Longford, Ireland. Boot-treer. May,
1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned 2 Aug., 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Lyon, John P. 44. Halifax, Mass. Carpenter. 22 Oct.,
1861. Abington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester; discharged for disability (without returning
.to the regiment).
Macomber, Horatio N. 29. Durham, Me. Shoemaker.
30 Aug., 1862. Newburyport. — Detailed company cook,
2 Dec, 1863, to 10 Jan., 1864. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Mason, Charles H. 25. Boston. Painter. May, 1861.
Boston. — Deserted 18 Sept., 1861.
McAlevey, Daniel. 30. Ireland. Laborer. 28 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 25 Nov.,
1863.
McCready, James. 22. Monahan, Ireland. Shovel-
maker. May, 1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability,
19 Nov., 1862.
McDonnell, Philip. 23. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 399
McDouGAL, Duncan. 25. Scotland. Farmer. 26 July,
1862. Roxbury. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McGiiTRiCK, John, 25. Sligo, Ireland. Coachman. 12
Aug., 1862. BrookUne. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
]\rcKiNSTRET, Charles O. 19. Northbridge, Mass. Shoe-
maker. May, 1861. Southbridge. — Detailed as company
cook, May, 1861, to 10 Jan., 1864. Ke-eulisted. — See
Second Term.
McLaughlin, Daniel. 43. Ireland. Farmer. 23 July,
1862. Winchester. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 30
Nov., 1863.
MiDDLETON, David A. 22. Boston, INIass. Shovel-maker.
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 1 June, 1861. Deserted
7 July, 1861.
MooERS, Andrew J. 24. Amoskeag, N.H. Machinist.
26 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
MoOKE, John (A.?). 24. Antrim, Ireland. Plumber. May,
1861. Boston. — Wounded in groin, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; dropped from tlie rolls, 27 July, 1863 (State
rolls say mustered out 28 May, 1864). ,
Morse, George W. 18. Newport, Ky. Farmer. May,
1861. Athol.— Corporal, 1 Oct., 186.3. Taken prisoner,
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct.,
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Motherwell, John. 23. Glasgow, Scotland. Blacksmith.
23 May, 1861. p:aston. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant,
1 July, 1861, to 19 Dec, 1861 ; corporal again, 24 Nov.,
1862, to 4 July, 1863. Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 13 Oct., 1862. Absent
in hospital, ^% May, 1864, when mustered out.
MuLHKUN, Philip. 20. Roxbury, Mass. Stone-cutter.
May, 1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis-
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ; was there wounded, and discharged
for disability, 21 March, 1863.
MuRPiiY, John (1st). 18. Cork, Ireland. Shovel-maker.
400 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862, to 1
March, 1863. Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at Get-
• tysburg; returned to duty, 10 Dec, 1863. Wounded in
arm (amputated), 15 May, 1864, at Resaca; iu hospital,
28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Murphy, John (2d). 38. Ireland. Tailor. 7 July, 1862.
Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Murray, Jeremiah. 22. Clare, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. North Bridgevvater. — Corporal, August,
1861. Deserted August, 1861.
Murray, Patrick. 26. Cavan, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Discharged for dis-
ability, 19 March, 1863.
Murray, Thomas. 22. Kildare, Ireland. Sho%^el-maker.
10 May, 1861. Easton. — Company musician, 10 May
1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Noonan, Patrick. 36. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer.
11 May, 1861. Portland, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; discharged for disability (without re-
turning to the regiment), 29 Jan., 1863.
0'Bri:<:n, Jeremiah. 26. Cork, Ireland. Stone-cutter. 11
May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in hip, 17 Sept., 1862,
at Antietam-; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
O'CoNNELL, John G. 21. Kerry, Ireland. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Worcester. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester.
O'DoNNELL, Hugh. • 20. Donegal, Ireland. Blacksmith.
11 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in side,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; in hospital, 28 May,
1864, when mustered out.
O'Reily, Michael. 25. Cork, Ireland. Carpenter. ]May,
1861. Boston Wounded in shoulder, 24 May, 1862,
near Kernstown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 4 Oct.,
1862.
Paul, Joseph. 19. Williston, Vt. Shoemaker. 22 May,
1861. Webster. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861, to 5 Sept.,
THE ENLISTED MEN. 401
18G1. Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville ; returned . .April, 18 G4. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Perry, Charles R. 22. Truro, N.S. May, 1861. Plais-
tow, N. IT. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861, to . . Jan., 1862.
Deserted 25 Dec, 1862.
Pierce, James. 21. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer. May,
. 1861. Roxbury. — Died of diarrhoea, 20 Dec., 1861, at
Frederick, Md.
Powers, Albert ^Y. 20. \Yarren, Mass. Salesman. May,
1861, Warren. — Transferred from Company G, to Com-
pany H, 20 Dec, 1861. In Company G, sergeant, May,
186 1 ; in Company H, first sergeant, 20 Dec, 1861.
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. Pro-
moted to be second lieutenant, 12 July, 1862; but his
commission did not arrive until after the battle of Cedar
Mountain. — See Cominissioned Officers.
Powers, James. 25. Limerick, Ireland. Shovel-makei\
May, 1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability, June,
1861.
Powers, James E. 24. Limerick, Ireland. Book-gilder.
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861. Wounded
in head, 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va. ; taken pris-
oner ; paroled. Discharged in consequence of wounds, 14
Oct., 1862.
PoAVERS, Richard. 21. Limerick, Ireland. Shovel-maker.
May, 1861. Easton. — Deserted 7 July, 1861.
Pratt, John A. 40. Portland, Me. Dyer. 11 Aug.,
1862. Winooski, Vt. — Transferred, 24 Aug., 1862, to
Company K, which see.
Proctor, George. 37. Springfield, Vt. Shoemaker.
22 May, 1861. Reading. — Died, 24 Jan., 1862, at Bal-
timore, Md.
Randall, Vernon. 22. Easton, Mass. Shovel-maker.
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, June, 1861. Deserted
August, 1861.
26
402 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Ekes, Thomas. 23. Bristol, England. Printer. May,
1861. West Brookfield. — Mustered out 28 May, ISG-l.
Remick, Benjamin F. 23. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker.
22 May, 18G1. West Medway. — Killed in action, 17
Sept., 1862, at Antietara.
Reynolds, Pati-ick. 24. Longford, Ireland. Shovel-maker.
May, 1861. East on. — Discharged for disability, 4 March,
1863.
Ripley, Silas K. 25. Easton, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability, 3 July, 1863.
Sanders, D. Henry. 21. Rowley, Mass. Farmer. 23
May, 1861. Rowley. — Corporal, 23 May, 1861, to . . June,
1861 ; and again, 1 March, 1863. Detailed to regimental
band, . . . 1861, to . . . 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 28 Oct., 1862.
Severely wounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville ; in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Sanfokd, John M. 38. Rochester, N.Y. Sailor. 15
May, 1861. . . . —Sergeant, May, 1861, to July, 1861.
Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ;
discharged.
Schiel, Charles. 31. Germany. Carpenter. May, 1861.
Roxbury. — Discharged for disability, 14 Oct., 1862.
Seavers, Richard. 26. Dublin, Ireland. Laborer. May,
1861. Easton. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg.
Smith, Charles F. 23. Boston, Mass. Chemist. 30 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Discharged, 18 April, 1863, to receive
commission of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massa-
chusetts, but commission cancelled.
Smith, Ervil L. 21. Essex, Mass. Shoemaker. May,
1861. Roxbury (Rowley ?). — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861.
Died of typhoid fever, 28 April, 1862, near Harrisonburg,
Va.
Smith, John T. 21. Boston, Mass. Blacksmith. May,
1861. Easton. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 22 Nov.,
1863.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 403
Smith, Orin E. 22. Barrington, IMass. Sailor. May,
1861. Webster. — Corpoi-al, May, 1861; sergeant, 5
Sept., 1861; first sergeaut, 24 Nov., 1862. Discharged,
13 March, 1863, to receive the commission of first lieuten-
ant in the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, dated 5 March ;
captain, 31 May, 1^63. Wounded at Fort Wagner, and
resigned from disability, 25 Jan., 1864.
Smith, William. 25. Montague, N.S. Caulker. 18 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Stetson, Samuel L. 39. Boston, Mass. Carpenter. 13
May, 1861. Boston.— Corporal, 13 May, 1861, to . . June,
1861. Detached as pioneer to First Division, 6 April,
1862. Taken prisoner, 23 May, 1862, at Front Royal,
Va.; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
Taylor, George. 20. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 17
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Died of consumption, 8 Feb.,
1862, at Frederick, Md.
Tibbetts, James M. 41. Frankfort, Me. Carpenter.
May, 1861. Cambridgeport. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester, and paroled ; returned to duty 28 Oct.,
1862. Discharged for disability, 25 April, 1863.
Thomas, Linus B. 21. Middleboro', Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in hand,
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 23 Nov.,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Thompson, Thomas. 35. Sheffield, England. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. West Bridgewater. — Deserted 12 Sept.
1862.
Ward, Hugh. 37. Ireland. Stone-cutter. 2 Sept., 1862.
Boston. — Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
discharged in consequence, 2 Nov., 1863.
Warner, William B. 32. Boston, Mass. Physician.
May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to 1 July,
1861. Deserted August, 1861.
Webber, Eldred. 32. ILamilton, Mass. Bootmaker.
404 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY.
May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 19 April, 1862.
Wounded in leg (amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 15 Jan., 1863.
Welch, John. 19. Cork, Ireland. Farmer. May, 1861.
Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862. Wounded in hand,
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; in hospital, 28 May,
1864, when mustered out.
WiiiTRiiousE, Benjamin F. 20. Newfield, Me. Farmer.
8 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Corporal, 1 March, 1863.
Wounded in groin, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; in hos-
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
Whittemore, Ezra G. 38. Pawtucket, Mass. Shoemaker.
May, 1861. Easton. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Wright, Oliver. 19. Jay, Me. Farmer. May, 1861.
East Dixfield, Me. — Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
COMPANY I.
Atkins, William PI. 23. Sheerness, England. Sailor.
11 May, 1861. Castine, Me.— De.^erted 1 June, 1862.
Bailey, George M. 23. Wilmington, Mass. Shoemaker.
17 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Taken prisoner, .. Aug.,
1862, near Manassas Junction ; returned to duty, 26 Oct.,
1862. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Baine, James. 38. Cornville, Me. Farmer. 14 May,
1861. Cornville, Me. — Discharged for disability, June,
1861.
Baird, William. 21. Glasgow, Scotland. Clerk. 11 May,
1861. Chelsea. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to 11 Aug., 1861 ;
again, . . . 1861, to . . . 1861; and again, 16 Feb., 1863,
to 27 Sept., 1863. Detached as clerk at brigade headquar-
THE ENLISTED MEN. 405
ters, G Aug., 18G2, to 26 Oct., 1862. Detailed as clerk at
regimental headquarters, 20 April, 1863, to 5 May, 1863 ;
and again, 9 May, 1863, to 21 May, 1863 ; again, 15 Oct.,
1863, to 31 Oct., 1863; again, 2 March, 1864. He-en-
listed. — See Second Term.
Bancroft, Thomas A. 27. Wilmington, Mass. Farmer.
17 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Detailed to commissary
department, . . July, 1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Barrus, John AV. 20. Richmond, N.H. Shoemaker. 22
May, 1861. Richmond, N.H. — Wounded in breast, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, . . July, 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Barrus, Marshall. 24. Richmond, N.H. Shoemaker.
22 May, 1861. Richmond, N.H. — Wounded in wrist,
3 May, 1863, at Cham ellorsville ; transferred to Invalid
Corps, 16 March, 1864.
BiCKFORD, Charles E. 20. Alton, N.H. Shoemaker. 15
May, 1861. Alton, N.H. — Wounded in leg, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 16 Nov., 1863,
at Alisona, Tenn.
BoNNEY, Wallace. 23. Boston, Mas-^. Painter. 13 May,
1861. Boston. — Wounded slightly in breast, 1 April,
1862, near Woodstock, Va. ; the first man wounded in the
regiment. Discharged for disability, 15 April, 1863.
BosMORE, Horace. 24. Danville, Me. Farmer. 20 May,
1861. East Bridgewater. — Sergeant, 20 May, 1861, to
11 Aug., 1861. Wounded in groin, 24 May, 1862, near
Newtown, Va. ; died in consequence, ] June, 1862.
Bradisii, Addison S. 22. Winchendon, Mass. Farmer.
18 May, 1861. Royalston. — Wounded in leg, 24 May,
1862, near Newtown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 25
July, 1862.
Brady, Mathias P. 38. Dublin, Ireland. Stone-cutter.
15 May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disabilit}-, 15
Feb., 1862.
Brown, David B. 32. Edinburgh, Scotland. Japanner.
406 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
15 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to
July, 1861. Wounded in side, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain, and taken prisoner ; returned to duty, 26 Oct.,
1862. Wounded in abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; died in consequence, 21 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Butler, Aaron. 43. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Woburn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Butters, Theodore S. 19. Wilmington, Mass. Farmer.
18 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Corporal, 24 March, 1863.
Wounded in leg (amputated), 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; died in consequence, 30 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Camara, Nicholas M. 23. Portugal. Cabinet-maker. 13
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 14 Sept.,
1863.
Cameron, Robert. 22. Irvine, Scotland. Paper-maker.
14 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862.
Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
died in consequence, 8 May, 1863, at Washington, D.C.
Carter, James O. 19. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 18
May, 1861. Wilmington. — Wounded in cheek and hand,
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30
July, 1863. Detached as orderly at bi'igade headquarters,
13 Sept., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Chase, Charles J. 20. Ellsworth, Me. Sailor. 11 May,
1861. Ellsworth, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis-
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 27 July,
1863.
Cleveland, Harmon S. 27. Dunham, C.E. Shoemaker.
18 May, 1861. Canada. — Discharged for disability, 15
Sept., 1861.
Cody, Stephen. 26. Sotkson (?), Ireland. Glazier. 14
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed
in action, 6 July, 1863, at Gettysburg, while carrying the
colors.
Collins, Thomas A. 19. Cork, Ireland. Coppersmith.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 407
13 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 18G1, to
. . Dec, 1861 ; sergeant, 9 Oct., 1862. Wounded in ehin,
17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; discharged inconsequence,
24 Jan., 18G3.
CoxAXT, James H. 38. Londonderry, N.H. Spirit-merchant.
18 May, 1861. Lawrence. — Discharged for disability,
25 April, 1863.
CosTELLO, John. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 17 P'eb., 1862.
Springfield. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam, and
missing; dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863.
CouLSON, Joseph. 19. New- York City. Weaver. 13
May, 1861. Roxbury. — IMustered out 28 May, 1864.
Cox, William. 34. Newark (?). Cigar-maker. 18 March,
1862. Springfield. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 17 Oct.,
1863.
Cronin, Patrick. 28. Ireland. Bootmaker. 5 July, 1862.
Milford. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancelloi's-
ville ; returned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted. —
See Second Term.
Damox, Isaac B. 35. Scituate, Mass. Harness-maker.
27 Feb., 1862. Weymouth. — Detailed as regimental
harness-maker, February, 1862. Detached to brigade train,
28 Dec, 1862, to 26 Sept., 1863. Detailed as regimental
harness-maker, 17 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
D' Avignon, Francis. 44. Sevres, France. .Artist. 11
May, 1861. Medford. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to . . June,
1861. Detached as artist to corps headquarters, 30 July,
1862. Discharged by order of War Department, 11 May,
1863.
Davis, Lorenzo. 41. Sangersville, Me. Mason. 28 May,
1861. East Abington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862,
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed
iu action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
DoKRFLEK, John. 30. Germany. AYeaver. 18 May,
1861. Lawrence. — Wounded in knee, 24 May, 1863, at
408 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Kernstown, Va. ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept.,
1863.
Drugan, John A. 19. East Boston, Mass. Moulder. 16
May, 1861. Walpole. — Wounded in thigh, 2 4 May.
1862, near Newtown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 25
Jidy, 1862.
Eastman, Albert D. 29. Chester, N.H. ... 18 May,
1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 1 5 Feb., 1 862 ;
but discharge papers were not received until 22 Feb.,
1862, on Avhich day he died, at Frederick, Md.
Eaton, Minot H. 33. Rockingham, Vt. Printer. 13
May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862, to 16
Feb., 1863; sergeant, 14 April, 1863, to 25 Aug., 1863.
Wounded in neck, 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va.,
and taken prisoner the next day ; retumied to duty, 23 Oct.,
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Edmunds, James S. 29. Charlestown, Mass. Teamster.
18 May, 1861. Billerica. — Wounded in head, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 24 Oct., 1862.
Wounded in hip and in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
died in consequence, 20 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Ellsworth, Andrew B. 19. ... Machinist. 12 Oct.,
1861. Lowell. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, . . Feb.,
1862, to 19 Oct., 1863 ; and 30 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted.
— See Second Term.
Farr, Edwards D. . 19. Leicester, Mass. Seaman. 14
May, 1861. Leicester. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; discliarged in consequence, 14 Feb.,
1863.
Finn, Bernard. 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. 20 May, 1861.
Wrentham. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches-
ter ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in shoulder,
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 21
Nov., 1863. Discharged for disability, 23 Feb., 1864.
Flagg, Thomas B. 24. Kennebunk, Me. Farmer. 22
July, 1862. Wilmington. — Discharged for disability, 11
Nov., 1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 409
Fltnn, Patrick. 32. Waterford, Ireland. Wood-turner.
11 May, 1861. Waltham. — Detailed company musician,
May, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Ford, John. 22. Galway, Ireland. Laborer. 14 May,
1801. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 18G2, at An-
tietam ; discharged in consequence, 2 March, 18G3.
FoRNiCE, William L. 22. Salem, Mass. Laborer. 14
Oct., 1862. ... — Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863.
Forrest, Michael A. 20. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker.
13 May, 1861. Cambridge. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Freeman, Omer W. 18. Swanton, Vt. Shoemaker. 15
May, 1861. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 24 April,
1863.
Freeman, Willard 0. 44. Swanton, Vt. Carpenter. 24
July, 1862. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 30 March,
1863.
Gillespie, James J. 20. Galway, Ireland. Printer. 11
May, 1861. Boston. — Detailed as clerk in adjutant's
office, 5 Aug., 1862. Discharged for disability, 28 Jan.,
1863.
Glidden, George A. 32. New Durham, N.II. Shoe-
maker. 13 May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, June, 1861 ;
sergeant, 25 Feb., 1862. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 2 Feb.,
1863.
Hancock, Leander C. 21. Boston, Mass. Japanner. 15
May, 1861. Boston.— Corporal, 26 Feb., 1862. Wounded
in hand, 24 May, 1862, at Kernstow^n, Va., and taken pris-
oner ; discharged in consequence of wounds, 11 Oct., 1862.
Hanning, James. 21. Dumfries, Scotland. Clerk. 15
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863. Wounded
in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Hanscom, Charles D. 23. Portsmouth, N.H. Carpenter.
15 May, 1861. Portsmouth, N.H. — Corporal, 22 Dec,
410 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
1861. Wounded iu hip, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville ; discharged in consequence, 12 Dec, 1863.
HANSCOJr, Creighton G. 22. Portsmouth, N.H. Printer.
26 Aug., 1862. Portsmouth, N.H.— Killed in action, 3
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Harding, George. 25. Brunswick, Me. Laborer. 23
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 21 Nov.,
1862.
Hakt, John L. 24. Sligo, Ireland. Laborer. 15 May,
1861. Springfield. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to 11 Dec,
1861. Transferred to Livalid Corps, 16 Jan., 1864.
HiGGiNS, Charles. 26. Ballinacurra, Ireland. Laborer.
14 May, 1861. Boston. — Killed in action, 24 May, 1862,
at Bartonsville, Va.
Hill, Charles H. 20. Athol, Mass. Shoemaker. 22
May, 1861. Athol. — Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
HiNES, Michael. 29. Ireland. Tailor. 3 July, 1862.
Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 1863.
HoBBS, James. 22. Livermore, Me. Teamster. 14 May,
1861. Livermore, Me. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 1861 ; color-
corporal, . . . 1863. Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg, while carrying the colors ; discharged in
consequence, January, 1864.
HuLMES, John. 22. Manchester, England. Baker. 18
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Wounded, 24 May, 1862, near
Newtown, Va., and missing ; dropped from the rolls,
November, 1862.
Hutchinson, James. 42. Londonderry, Ireland. Clerk.
9 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 19 May,
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
James, John E. 20. Hereford, England. Baker. 17
May, 1861. Wilmington. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 1861;
sergeant, 16 Feb., 1863; first sergeant, 14 April, 1863.
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned to
duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 411
Jaquith, Simeon. 20, "Wilmington, Mass. Wheelwright.
18 May, 18G1. Woburn. — Corporul, 11 Aug., 1861. Dis-
charged as a minor, 25 Aug., 1801.
Johnson, Calvin. 23. Williamsburg, Mass. Farmer. 1
June, 1861. Williamsburg. — Transferred to Invalid
Corps, 15 Feb., 1864.
Joy, John. 24. Kilkenny, Ireland. Waiter. 26 Aug.,
1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg.
Kennier, Bartholemew. 25. Ireland. Operative. 8
March, 1862. Springfield. —Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 20 Nov., 1863.
Kernes, Thomas A. 22. Ireland. Shoemaker. 21 May,
1861. Natick. — Discharged for disability, 22 Nov., 1862.
KiTTREDGE, Charles E. 18 11 Oct., 1861.
Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 7 Dec, 1861, at Freder-
ick, Md.
Lennon, Thomas H. 22. Roxbury, Mass. Teamster.
13 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
Lydox, Thomas. 22. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 13 May,
1861. . . . —Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win-
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner,
'J June, 1863, at Beverly Ford ; returned to duty, 1 March,
1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Mara, Patrick. 22. Athlone, Ireland. Shoemaker. 18
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30 July, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability, 24 Feb., 1864.
Martin, John. 33. . . . N.B. Carpenter. 4 June, 1862.
Roxbury. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancel-
lorsville.
Matthews, John. 27. Boston, Mass. Steward. 7 July,
1862. Bo>ton. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar jSIountain. Deserted, 11 Oct., 1862, froiii General
Hospital.
412 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Maxcey, Edward. 23. New Bedford, Mass. Sailor. 11
May, 1861. New Bedford. — Corporal, 11 May, 1861, to
. . Sept., 1861. Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi,
14 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863.
Maynard, Simon O. 23. Enosburg, Vt. Grocer. 15
May, 1861. Enosburg, Vt. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to
11 Aug., 1861; and again, 25 Feb., 1862; sergeant, 22
Oct., 1863. Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, at Winches-
ter; returned to duty, 16 Sept., 1862. Mustered out 28
May, 1864.
McCaffrey, Cornelius. 18. Ireland. Operative. 21
Feb., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 28 May, 1864 ; sergeant,
1 July, 1864. Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg ; returned to duty, 1 April, 1861. Re-enlisted, 23
Feb., 1864. — See Second Term.
McCarthy, Michael. 19. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 13
March, 1862. Springfield. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 6 Nov., 1862.
McCoRMiCK, John, 24. Tyrone, Ireland. Teamster. 15
May, 1861. Boston. — Enlisted wagoner. Discharged
for disability, 16 Nov., 1862.
McLaughlin, Patrick. 22. Donegal, Ii-eland. Currier.
13 May, 1861. . . . — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McTiGHE, Patrick. 18. Galway, Ireland. Carpenter. 11
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
McKenny', Elisha. 34. Woolwich, Me. Carpenter. 15
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to 11
Aug., 1861. — Detached as pioneer to First Division,..
Feb., 1862, to 1 April, 1862; and again, 6 April, 1862, to
23 March, 1863. Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville.
MoGLE, George, jr. 25. Troy, N.Y. Printer. 11 IMay,
1861. . . . — Deserted 30 Aug., 1861.
Moore, Thomas. 38. Queen's County, Ireland. Shoemaker.
15 May, 1861. Saxonville. — Wounded in wrist, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 413
MuNROE, Andrew B. 25. North Reading, Mass. Shoe-
maker. 19 May, 1861. North Reading. — Corporal, 11
Aug., 1861. Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862, near Kerns-
town, Va., and prisoner ; paroled ; discharged in consequence,
in 1862.
Nason, Horace. 21. Cliesterville, INIe. Teamster. 15
May, 1861. Natiek Sergeant, 15 May, 1861 ; first ser-
geant, 25 Feb., 1862. Discharged for disability, 2 Feb.,
1863.
Nelson, Thomas. 18. Boston, Mass. Driver. 28 May,
1861. Dorchester. — Taken prisoner, . . Aug., 1862, near
Manassas Junction; retui'ned to duty, 26 Oct., 186 2.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Nichols, Charles A. 21. Lowell, Mass. Baker. 17
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disabilfty, 3 April,
1862.
NuTT, William. 24. Topshara, Yt. Shoemaker. 15 May,
1861. Nati(k. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861; sergeant, 11
Aug., 1861. Discharged, 15 March, 1863, to receive the
commission of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massa-
chusetts, dated 5 March ; first lieutenant, 22 May ; captain
in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, 23 May, 1863 ; major,
23 Nov., 1864; lieutenant-colontd, 25 June, 1865. Mus-
tered out 29 Aug., 1865.
O'Connor, Lawrence. 29. Ireland. Laborer. 10 March,
1862. . . . — In hospital, Columbus, Ohio, 10 April, 1865,
when mustered out.
O'Connor, Tiniuthy. 20. Cork, Ireland. Law-student.
13 May, 1861. — Detailed as regimental clerk,. . May,
1861. Severely wounded in breast by guerillas, 12 May,
1862, near Woodstock, Va. ; discharged for disability,
in 1862. (Admitted to practice of law in Boston.)
O'DoNNELL, Anthony. 34. ... N.H. Cutler. 11 May,
1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi,
14 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863.
Parker, Rufus A. 20. Mouson, Mass. Farmer. 11
414 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
March, 1862. Springfield. — AVounded thi-ougli lungs,
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, 21 July,
1863, at Gettysburg.
Pattison, Everett W. 22. Waterville, Me. Student.
27 May, 1861. Worcester. — First sergeant, 27 May,
1861 ; promoted to be second lieutenant, 4 Feb., 1862. —
See Commissioned Officers.
PiERSON, Hiram J. 28. Tewksbury, Mass. Carpenter.
18 May, 1861. Tewksbury.— Corporal, 18 Sept., 1861 ;
sergeant, 14 April, 1863, to 25 Aug., 1863 ; corporal again,
24 Dec, 1863, to 29 Dec, 1863. Wounded in head,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 25
Oct., 1862. Wounded in shoulder, 15 Ma}',_ 1864, at
Resaca, and died in consequence, 14 June, 1864.
Pratt, Reuben A. 24. North Chelsea, Mass. Brick-
makir. 11 May, 1861. North Chelsea.— Discharged for
disability, 15 Jan., 1862.
QuiNiV, George W. 19. Boston, Mass. Printer. 11 May,
1861. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862, near
Kernstown, Va. ; taken prisoner; parolled ; discharged in
consequence of wounds, in 1862.
QuiNN, Patrick S. 19. ... Ireland. Dyei\ 23 June,
1862. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar
Mountain ; never returned to duty ; discharged fur disa-
bility, 29 Nov., 1862.
Rambeck, Leonard. 34. Germany. Spinner. 17 May,
1861. . . .— Died of typhoid fever, 19 Oct., 1861, at
Darnestown, Md.
Reed, Israel S. 32. Auburn, N.H. Watcliman. 17
May, 1861. Ilampstead, N.H. — Died, 13 March, 1863,
at Frederick, Md.
Reed, Levi G. 35. Uxbridge, Mass. Rivet-driver. 18
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted 17 June, 1862.
Richardson, George W. 23. Billerica, Mass. Shoe-
maker. 18 May, 1861. Billerica. — Deserted 27 June,
1861.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 415
Richardson, Harry G. 26. Northampton, Mass. Car-
penter. 14 May, 1861. Sunderland. — Sergeant, 14
May, 1861. Discharged for disability, 10 Feb., 1863.
Ross, James. 26. Manchester, Paigland. Spinner. 23
June, 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 2 April,
1863.
Sawyer, Andrew H. 24. New Gloucester, Me. Sailor.
22 July, 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 18 Aug., 1863, at
Washington, D.C.
SiiEERiN, Charles S. 20. Boston, Mass. Printer. 14
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged 14 Feb., 1863, to re-
ceive the commission of second lieutenant in the Sixteenth
Massachusetts, of that date.
Shepherd, Joseph F. 22. Northampton, Mass. Book-
binder. 11 May, 1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 18
Sept., 1861, to 5 Dec, 1861. Discharged for disability,
June, 1862.
Smith, Patrick C. 34. Dublin, Ireland. Tanner. 18
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Sept.,
1863.
Steele, Joseph. 32. Newburyport, Mass. Sailor. 11
May, 1861. Byfield. — Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862,
near Kernstown, Va., and taken prisoner; returned to
duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Wounded in breast, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 2 April, 1864. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Sylvester, Loamnii B. 29. Hanover, Mass. Shoemaker.
27 Feb., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm and breast, 9
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence,
7 Sept., 1862, at Alexandria, Va.
Taylor, Elbridge G. 23. Wilmington, Mass. Carpenter.
18 May, 1861. AVilmington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; died of fever, 16 Aug., 1862, at
Richmond, Va., while a prisoner.
416 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Thayer, Alfred S. 30. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 18 May,
18G1. Middleboro'. — Detached to signal corps, . . Aug.,
1861 ; transferred to signal corps, 1 Aug., 1863.
Trayner, Charles. 29. Monaghan, Ireland. Laborer. 13
May, 1861. Waltham. — Wounded in leg, 21 May, 1862,
near Kernstown, Va., and taken prisoner ; returned to
duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg.
Tucker, William L. 21. Roxbury, Mass. INIachinist.
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 16
Feb., 1862.
Voelckers, Frederick S. 22. Boston, Mass. Machinist.
13 May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4
Jan., 1862.
Walsh, Michael. 27. Luborn(?), Ireland. Laborer. 7
July, 1862. Lowell. — Deserted 26 Jan., 1863.
Webb, James. 32. Haverhill, Mass. Shoemaker. 11
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville.
Webb, William H. 34. Haverhill, Mass. Shoemaker.
11 May, 1861. Haverhill. — Discharged for disability,
6 July, 1861.
Wheeler, Austin E. 18. Canaan, Me. Shoemaker. 18
May, 1861. Lawn-nce. — Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 18 Oct., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
White, John H. 21. Framingham, Mass. Shoemaker.
18 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Detailed company musi-
cian. May, 1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1861.
Whitehouse, John S. 26. Somersworth, N.H. Mechanic.
18 May, 1861. Dover, N.H. — Discharged for disability,
in 1863.
Whitney, Turner. 23. Natick, Mass. Shoemaker. 15
May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, 11 Aug., 1861, to 9 Oct.,
1862. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Dec, 1863.
WiGGiN, John. 19. Cambridge, Mass. Butcher. 7 July,
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 417
Willis, George H. 22. Wayland, Mass. Clicker. 15
May, 1861. Natick. — Sergeant, 15 May, 18G1 ; color-
sergeaut, . . . 18G2, to 4 July, 18G2. Killed in action,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
"Wilson, Francis. 18. Norristown, Pa. Laborer. 11
May, 1861. Reading, Pa. Wounded in face, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Wright, Samuel. 21. Roxbury, Mass. Driver. 28
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Detailed as regimental wagoner,
1 July, 1861. Detached as wagoner to brigade head-
quarters, March, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Young, Benjamin F. 28. Strafford, N.H. Shoemaker.
13 May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, 18 Sept., 1861, to
10 Dec, 1861. Deserted 22 June, 1862.
Young, Ira M. 21. Waltham, Mass. Machinist. 15
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 31 March,
1863.
COMPANY K.
AcKERMAN, Joseph L. 41. Ipswich, Mass. Painter. 9
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 2 Feb.,
1864.
Angus, John. 25. Germany. Laborer. 14 July, 1862.
South Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Dec,
1863.
Backus, Marvin. 18. Great Barrington, Mass. Farmer.
30 May, 1861. Lee.— Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 19 Oct.,
1862.
Bailey, George. 21. Tewksbury, Mass. Shoemaker. 23
May, 1861. Tewksbury. — Discharged for disability, 19
Jan., 1863.
27
418 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Baker, James S. 18. Dunbarton, N.H. Railway-worker.
20 May, 1861. Billerica. — Dropped from the rolls, 17
Nov., 1862.
Bancroft, Norris. 21. Nelson, N.H. Laborer. 14
, May, 1861. Chesterfield. — Discharged for disability, 8
July, 1861.
Barton, John F. 33. Randolph, Mass. Bootmaker. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Beach, Samuel S. 19. Bridgeport, Mass. Student. 29
May, 1861. Canaan (?). — Corporal, 1 July, 1861, to
15 April, 1862, when returned to the ranks at his own
request. Detailed in quartermaster's department, June,
1861. Detached as clerk at division headquarters, . . .
Enlisted in regular service, and dropped, 8. March, 1864.
Bishop, Milton. 20. Salisbury, Conn. Farmer. 29
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863,
at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 29 Oct., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
BORTCHY, George. 39. Feichvaugen, Bavaria. Coach-
maker. 25 May, 1861. Boston. — A cavalry soldier in
Europe. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun-
tain ; returned to duty. Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville.
Brace, Charle's E. 22. Stockbridge, Mass. Farmer. 29
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Wagoner, 1 July, 1861, to
17 Dec, 1861; corporal, 15 April, 1862; sergeant, 1
March, 1863, to T June, 1863. Wounded in groin, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville; transferred to Invalid Corps, 18
July, 1863.
Brown, Lewis. 19. Jefferson, . . . Seaman. 22 May,
1861. South Maiden. — Detailed as company cook, 23
June, 1861. Discharged for disability, 20 Aug., 1861.
BuNNiNG, John F. 23. Holstein, Gei-many. Mason. 22
May, 1861. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville.
BuRGHARDT, John H. 20. Stockbridge, Mass. Machinist.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 419
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Detailed as regimental
armorer, 16 June, 1861. Detached as brigade armorer, 6
Aug., 1862, to 18 Oct., 1862 ; as division armorer, 21 May,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Carey, Patrick. 22. Newtown, Ireland. Shoemaker. 20
May, 1861. Holliston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps,
1 Sept., 1863.
Carroll, John. 26. Cork, Ireland. Tanner. 29 May,
1861. Otis. — Discharged 20 Oct., 1862.
Carter, Peter. 33. Montreal, C.E, Farmer. 14 May,
1861. Northampton. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862 ; dis-
charged in consequence of wounds, 17 Jan., 1863.
Casey, Timothy. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. 20 May,
1861. Wareham. — Corporal, 20 May, 1861, to 1 July,
1861 ; and again, 15' April, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 June, 1863.
Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Taken prisoner,
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; in parole camp, 28 May,
1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Christensen, Hans G. 32. Copenhagen, Denmark. Piano-
maker. 13 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the Dan-
ish service (color-bearer) in the war of 1848. Sergeant, 13
May, 1861 ; color-sergeant, 28 June, 1861. Discharged
for disability, 14 Oct., 1861.
Clapp, Thomas. 42. Boston, Mass. Blacksmith. 30
May, 1861. Ashlaud. — Detailed as company cook. May,
1861. Discharged for disability, 9 Aug., 1861.
Clark, Benjamin, 25. Northampton, Mass. Farmer.
15 May, 1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 1 June, 1863.
Term prolonged. On recruiting service in Boston Harbor^
in 1864. Mustered out July, 1865.
Clark, Joseph C. 28. Northampton, Mass. Driver. 13
May, 1861. Northampton. — Detached to division ord-
nance dejjartment, 7 Nov., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Sec-
ond Term.
Clary, Daniel. 31. Kilfaune, Ireland. Shoemaker. 22
420 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
May, 1861. West Randolph. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861;
sergeant, 1 July, 1861; first sergeant, 15 April, 1862, to
27 Oct., 1862, when returned to the ranks at his own re-
quest ; sergeant again, 29 Nov., 1862. Taken prisoner,
, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty . . .
Wounded in chest, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned
to duty, 18 Feb., 1864. Re-enlisted 18 Feb., 1864. — See
Second Term.
Clary, Ethan A. 27. Stockbridge, Mass. Machinist.
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 13 Feb., 1862,
to 27 Sept., 1862. Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancelloi'sville ; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when
mustered out.
Cogswell, William. 26. Ipswich, Mass. Merchant. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 1 Oct.,
1862, to 3 Oct., 1862; and again, . . . Discharged for
disability, 28 April, 1863.
Cole, Henry W. 19. Barre, Mass. Clerk. 14 May,
1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 14 May, 1861 ; sergeant,
1 July, 1861, to 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded in thigh, 25
May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence, 4
Oct., 1862.
CoNLAN, James. 25. Dublin, Ireland. Laborer. 22 May,
1861. Boston. — A soldier in the English service. Cor-
poral, 22 May, 1861, to" 27 Nov., 1861. Killed in action,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Daily, Jeremiah. 21. Coi-k, Ireland. Machinist. 13 May,
1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861, to 10 Dec,
1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; re-
turned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in knee, 3 July,
1863, at Gettysburg. Sent to hospital at Fort Schuyler,
and died 31 Dec, 1863.
Daly, Thomas. 28. Farbane, Ireland. Farmer. 29
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Daniels, William. 20. Westport, N.Y. Butcher. 29
May, 1861. Lee. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 421
Delant, James. 24. Yorkshire, England. Clothier. 27
May, 1861. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Devine, Thomas. 19. New-York City. Marble-cutter.
22 May, 1861. Brookline. — Deserted 12 Sept., 1862.
DiTSON, Minot S. 23. Dracut, Mass. Teamster. 14 Oct.,
1861. Lowell.— Corporal, 30 Jan., 1863. Wounded in
leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty,
10 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg ; discharged in consequence, 7 Jan., 1864.
Donovan, Timothy. 25. Kinsale, Ireland. Moulder. 16
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at
Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Absent in
hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
DuNBRACH, George G. 38. Halifax, N.S. Carpenter.
21 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Corporal, 21 May, 1861.
Discharged for disability, 5 July, 1861.
DuNNKLS, John M. 23. Ipswich, Mass. Tinsmith. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 13 Dec,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Elder, John. 28. Dundee, Scotland. Machinist. 14
May, 1861. Haydenville. — Taken prisoner, 25 May,
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Ellsworth, Thomas F. 21. Ipswich, Mass. Clerk. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 11 Oct., 1863. Wounded
in ankle, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Fay, Michael. 26. Mallay, Ireland. Laborer^ 23 May,
1861. Boston. — Corporal, 26 Sept., 1862. Wounded in
hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, . .
Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Fenner, George W. 22. Abington, Mass. Farmer. 29
May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 13 Feb., 1862, to 1 June,
1863. Wounded in hand (by bayonet), "9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain; dropped from the rolls, 31 Aug., 1863.
Fletcher, James H 25 May, 1861.
422 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Boston. — Assigned to company K, from post of quarter-
master-sergeant, ... 1861 ; remained in hospital until dis-
charged for disability, 23 May, 1862.
Foster, Samuel P. 26. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
GiLLANEY, John. 19. Leitrim, Ireland. Tailor. 15 May,
1861. Boston. — Detailed as company cook, 10 March,
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Hardy, Augustus W. 33. Medway, Mass. House-painter.
25 May, 1861. Franklin. — Detailed as company cook,
. . May, 1861. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July,
1863.
Harris, George. 27. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Haynes, Amasa. 35. Hopkinton, Mass. Shoemaker. 17
May, 1861. Medford. — Dropped from the rolls, 20 Oct.,
1862.
Hauboldt, William. 31. Chemnitz, Saxony. Clerk. 25
May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in six places, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, . . Aug.,
1862, at Alexandria.
Hayward, Albert. 19. St. John, N.B. Shoemaker. 28
May, 1861. Newton. — Taken prisoner, 4 May, 1862,
near Harrisonburg, Va. Deserted from hospital at Alex-
andria, 30 Oct., 1862.
HOYT, Edward J. 19. Brimfield, Mass. Farmer. 14
May, 1861. Northampton. — Term prolonged. Dis-
charged by order of War Department, 10 June, 1864.
Jellison, John W. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Sawyer. 27
May, 1861. Shajdeigh, Me. — Died of chronic diarrhoea,
25 Nov., 1862, at Fliiladelphia.
Jellison, Joseph R. 22. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. 27
May, 1861. Sanford, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the
Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls, 5 Nov.,
1862.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 423
Jewett, John J. 31. Ipswich, Mass. Merchant. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg ; died in consequence, 5 July, 1863, at Gettys-
burg.
Johnson, Albert F. 18. Westminster, Mass. Chairmaker.
20 May, 1861. Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ;
discharged in consequence, 26 March, 1862.
Kimball, Daniel. 26. Newbury, Mass. Mechanic. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Knights, John. 19. Lyman, Me. Farmer. 28 May, 1861.
Kenuebunk, Me. — Died of typhoid fever, 7 Feb., 1862, at
Frederick, Md.
Knox, Rufus. 32. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Jan., 1864.
Landrigan, James R. 19. Clonmel, Ireland. Moulder.
15 May, 1861. Haydenville. — Discharged for disability
(from accident), 14 Oct., 1861.
Lane, Timothy C. 21. Manchester, N.H. Machinist. 23
May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Enlisted in Third United-
States Artillery, 16 Feb., 1863.
Lawless, John. 31. Athboy, Ireland. Laborer. 30 May,
1861. Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability, 9 Aug.,
1861.
Le Baron, Charles. 26. Mobile, Ala. Painter. 17 May,
1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 30 Sept.,
1861.
Livingstone, Asher. 18. Canaan, Ct. Blacksmith. 30
May, 1861. Lee. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at
Cedar Mountain.
Logan, William. 20. Galway, Ireland. Operative. 30
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 27 Nov., 1861;
sergeant, 15 April, 1862. Wounded in each leg, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence,
Nov., 1862.
Lord, Caleb H. 20. Ipswich, Mass. Clerk. 8 Aug.,
424 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY.
1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 1 June, 1863; sergeant, 10
Oct., 1863; first sergeant, 27 Nov., 1863. Re-enlisted. —
See Second Term.
Lord, Moses G. 42. Ipswich, Mass. Cabinet-maker. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Transferred to Invalid Corps,
8 Feb., 1864.
Lord, Nathaniel. 44. Ipswich, Mass. Carpenter. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 9 March,
1863.
Lovr, Winthrop. 30. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 22 Dec,
1862.
Lucy, Daniel. 33. Ireland. Laborer. 13 Aug., 1862.
Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864:
Martin, Henry. 24. London, England. Steward. 22
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 4 May, 1862, near
Harrisonburg, Va. ; returned to parole camp ; discharged
for disability, Sept., 1862.
McCarthy, John. 20. Cork, Ireland. Laborer. 15
May, 1861. East Boston. — Corporal, 27 Nov., 1861.
Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re-
turned to duty, 29 Nov., 1862. Died of bronchitis, 28
Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md.
McDonald, John. 19. Lansiugburg, N.Y. Farmer. 29
May, 1861. Lee. — Wounded in neck, 3 May, 1863, at
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
McDonald, William. 25. Dover, England. Paper-
maker. 29 May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 14 Oct., 1861 ;
sergeant, 27 Oct!, 1862, to 11 Oct., 1863. Wounded in
hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty,
14 Sept. Transferred to Invalid Corps, Jan., 1864.
McIntosh, Augustus. 20. Brookline, N.H. Paper-maker.
May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Detailed as company cook,
in 1862. Corporal, 1 March, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 425
McMuLLEN, Michael. 23. Aghrim, Ireland. Laborer.
11 July, 1861. Easton. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain, Wounded 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ;
never returned. Dropped from the rolls, in Aug., 1863.
Miller, Jacob. 22. Baden, Germany. Baker. 17 July,
1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 26 April,
1863.
Miner, Addison C. 18. Lee, Mass. Farmer. 29 May,
1861. Lee. — Detailed as hospital attendant, 31 July, 1861,
to 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Mix, William T. 25. Fort Ann, N.Y. Machinist. 29
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Sergeant, 29 May, 1861 ; first
sergeant, 27 June, 1861. Died of typhoid fever, 22 Jan.,
1862, at Alexandria, Va.
Montague, Benjamin F. 40. Leverett, Mass. Bootmaker.
26 May, 1861. Ashland. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Morris, George. 19. Concord, Mass. Painter. 20 May,
1861. Billerica. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
MuLLANEY, James. 31. Ballough, Ireland. Blacksmith.
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Detailed as regimental
blacksmith, 7 July, 1861, to 15 May, 1862; and 31 July,
1862. Detached as brigade blacksmith, 18 Oct., 1862.
Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out.
MuLLANEY, Michael. 21. Ballough, Ireland. Stone-cutter.
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Died of consumption, 27
Dec, 1861, ai Frederick, Md.
MiJLLER, John F. 32. Crunitschau, Saxony. Weaver.
27 May, 1861. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second
Term.
MuNROE, John. 19. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 22 May,
1861. Charlestown (Chelsea?). — Company musician, 22
May, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Murray, Jeremiah. 21. Dover, N.H. Shoemaker. 13
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861; color-
corporal, 4 July, 1862. Taken prisoner at Cedar Moun-
426 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
tain ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 18G2. Enlisted in Third
United-States Artillery, 14 Feb., 1863.
Nevelle, James. 31. St. John, N.B. Gasfitter. 20
May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 7 Oct., 1862.
Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to
duty, 9 Dec., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Nichols, William O. 26. Ipswich, Ma>s. Mechanic. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 2 April,
1863.
O' Boyle, Patrick. 24. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 27
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 June,
1862.
Pease, Franklin C. 18. Halifax, Mass. Laborer. 13
May, 1861. Northampton. — Transferred to Invalid Corps,
1 Aug., 1863.
Peeler, Albert S. 21. Springfield, Mass. Farmer. 15
May, 1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Wounded in hand, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 6 Nov., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Peeler, David L. 24. Vernon, Vt. Farmer. 14 May,
1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Corporal, 11 Oct., 1863. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Perkins, Lafayette. 20. Manchester, N.H. Farmer. 25
May, 1861. Northampton. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 23 Oct.,
1862. Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg;
returned to duty, 19 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Petersen, Hans P. 41. Copenhagen, Denmark. Book-
keeper. 13 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the
Danish service in the war of 1848. First sergeant, 13
May, 1861, to 27 June, 1861. Detached as clerk in
brigade commissary department, 23 July, 1861, to . . July,
1863. Detailed as regimental armorer, 28 July, 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 427
PiiTPPS, Rufus G. 24. Framingham, Mass. Clerk. 27
May, 1861. Framingham. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to
29 Dec, 1861. Detailed as company clerk, 15 Jan., 1862.
Detached as clerk at General Hospital, 1 June, 1862, to 19
June, 1862. Detached as clei'k at division headquai'ters,
30 July, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
PiCKARD, David. 43. Rowley, Mass. Teamster. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 1 Oct.,
1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; dis-
cliarged in consequence, January, 1864.
Pouter, George E. 28. Bridgeport, Conn. Merchandise-
broker. 15 May, 1861. Boston. — Sergeant, 15 May,
1861, to 1 July, 1861. Wounded slightly in leg, 3 May,
1863, at Chancellorsville. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Pratt, John A. 40. Portland, Me. Dyer. 11 Aug.,
1862. Winooski, Vt. — Transferred to Company K, from
Company H, 24 Oct., 1862. Company musician. Re-
enlisted. — See Second Term.
Radell, William. 19. Stockbridge, Mass. Scholar. 29
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Enlisted as company musi-
cian, 29 May, 1861. Detailed as adjutant's orderly, . .
Sept., 1861; as regimental clerk, 12 May, 1862. Mus-
tered out 28 May, 1864.
Rathburx, Joseph C. 29. Stockbridge, Mass. Carpenter.
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 29 May, 1861 ;
sergeant, 1 Feb., 1862, to 25 Sept., 1862. Killed in action,
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Rivers, Lewis. 24. East Philipsburg, C.E. Shoemaker.
23 May, 1861. West Boylston. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861,
to 27 Nov., 1861; and again,. . Nov., 1862; color-cor-
poral. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Robert, Leon. 25. Montreal, C.E. Teacher. 25 May,
1861. Montreal, C.E. — Discharged for disability, 17
Oct., 1861.
Roberts, John R. 24. Sheldon, Vt. Farmer. 25 May,
1861. East Boylston. — Detached as pioneer to First
428 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Division, 6 April, 1862, to 5 Aug., 1862. Killed in action,
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Robertson, John H. 28. Batavia, N.Y. Moulder. 27
May, 1861. Lowell. — Deserted 30 Aug., 1863.
Robinson, Delano. 20. Union, Me. Shoemaker. 25
May, 1861. Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Sanborn, Wheelock. 19. Bethleliem, N.H. Mechanic.
18 May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Wounded in both
legs, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty,
4 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Sanger, Egbert. 25. Barrington, Mass. Paper-maker.
29 May, 1861. Lee. — Detailed as company cook, 3 Oct.,
1862. Detailed to division ambulance corps, 29 Oct.,
1862. Detached as hospital attendant in Washington, 2
June, 1863. Discharged . . Jan., 1864.
Saxton, Orin D. 23. Stamford, Vt. Farmer. 15 May,
1861. Eastliarapton. — Discharged for disability, 24 April,
1862.
ScHAEFFER, Frederick. 27. Ilsfesdlt, Germany. Baker.
27 May, 1861. Chelsea. — Detailed bugler, . . Oct., 1861.
Wounded in knee, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; dis-
charged in consequence, 2 Oct., 1862.
Skinner, Charles M. 28. Royalston, Vt. Weaver. 14
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 14 Aug., 1862.
Taken prisoner, 25 July, 1863, near White Plains, Va. ;
mustered out at parole camp, 14 Oct., 1864.
Snook, John F. 21. Mallow, Ireland. Shoemaker. 24
May, 1861. North Abiugton. — Re-enlisted. — ^ee Sec-
ond Term.
Springer, William A. 43. Robbinston, Me. Lumber-
man. 22 May, 1861. Campton, N.H. — Taken prisoner,
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct.,
1862. Taken prisoner, 2 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
returned to duty, 12 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
THE ENLISTED MEN. 429
Standish, Miles. 28. Foxboro', Mass. Shoemaker. 25
May, 18G1. Bridgewater. — Taken prisoner, 14 Aug..
18G2; dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 18G2; returned;
term prolonged ; mustered out 20 July, 1865.
Stkvens, William. 44. Calais, Me. Baker. 8 Aug.,
18G2. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 22 June,
18G3.
Stockbridge, Lebbeus. 35. Hanover, Mass. Farmer.
25 May, 1861. Hanover. — Appointed master wagoner,
3 July, 1861. Appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 2 Dec,
1862, which position he held until 1 April, 1863, while
absent sick. Discharged for disability, 27 Jan., 1864.
SuLUVAN, Timothy. 19. Chelsea, Mass. Shoemaker. 22
May, 1861. Ashland. — Enlisted in United-States Artil-
lery, 8 Nov., 1862.
Tenney, Albert; 21. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
TozER, William H. 27. Ipswich, Mass.* Shoemaker. 8
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862; ser-
geant, 27 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
TuLLY, Prescott W. 27. Billerica, INIass. Farmer. 17
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed wagoner, 5 July, 1861.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Tye, James. 19. Tewksbury, Mass. Laborer. 24 May,
1861. Tewksbury. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Vail, John. 19. Tipperary, Ireland. Printer. 14 May,
1861. Hadley. — Corporal, 14 May, 1861, to 16 June,
1862, when returned to the ranks at his own request.
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re-
turned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Vance, Lorin A. 18. Groton, Vt. Farmer. October,
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; returned to duty, 4 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. —
See Second Term.
VoLL, Andrew. 30. Volkershausen, Saxony. Brass-fin-
430 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
isher. 25 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the service
of Saxony for five years, — a corporal ; wounded in the
war of 1848 ; also in the English service a year and a half,
in the German legion sent to the Crimea. Corporal, 1
Aug., 1861 ; sergeant, 25 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See
Second Term.
Wade, David L. 41. Ipswich, Mass. Carpenter. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ;
died in consequence, 26 July, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Watson, Thomas. 35. Paisley, Scotland. Machinist. 23
May, 1861. West Boylston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Webber, George H. 19. Chicopee, Mass. Farmer. 15
May, 1861. Chicopee. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Webber, Moses. 32. Shapleigh, Me. Bootmaker. 8 Aug.,
1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Weber, Frederick. 22. Baden, Germany. Baker. -17
July, 1862. Boston, — Detailed as company cook, Nov.,
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
Welch, Thomas. 20. Southboro', Mass. Operative. 18
May, 1861. Manchester. — Wounded in breast, 3 May,
1863, at Cliancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30 July, 1863.
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term.
White, William L. 26. North Adams, Mass. Paper-
maker. 29 May, 1861. South Lee. — Corporal, 29 May,
1861; sergeant, 14 Oct., 1861; first sergeant, 27 Oct,
1862. Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ;
transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Nov., 1863.
Whitehead, Benjamin. 19. Barrington, Mass. Painter.
19 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability,
3 Feb., 1862.
Wilson, Alexander C. 25. Lee, Mass. Laborer. 29
May, 1861. Lee. — Wounded in chest, 17 Sept., 1862, at
Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 6 March, 1863.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TEllM. 431
THE MEN OF THE SECOND TERM OF
SERVICE.i
COMPANY A.
VETERANS.
DcNNELL, Charles S. — Company musician. Absent sick, at
Worcester, Mass., 27 July, 1865, when mustered out.
Harlow, Edwin. — Transferred, 1 July, 1864, to E, which
see.
1 It will be understood that the following list does not include the names
of all men who were in service during the time covered by the second term,
which began 1 Jan., 1864, and, of course, not all casualties. The term of
the men uot re-enlisting, who entered the service in 1861, continued to
28 May, 1864; and that of some of those who enlisted in 1862 continued for
three full years, and of course into the year 1865. Those who enlisted in the
autumn of 1861 were held onl^' to the conclusion of the regular term ending
in May, 1864. Those who enlisted in 1862, prior to the date of a despatch of
the Secretary of War in the summer, were held for three full years, notwith-
standing thej' enlisted on an agreement with the mustering officer that they
were to serve onh' until the expiration of the regular term. The Government,
in 1864, repudiated the contract of its own officers. In the summer of 1862,
Governor Andrew, to assure all enlisting men, communicated with the War
Department, and received a reply from the Secretary of War, agreeing to
this plan. But when the time came to muster out, in 1864, it was diffi-
cult to convince the War Department of such an agreement. When it was
convinced, it insisted that the agreement was not a general one, covering the
enlistments taking place at that time, although its officers had so pledged;
but could operate only on those enlisted subsequently to that date. Hence
the list of men in the tirst term of service includes quite a number who con-
tinued on in the period of the second tenn, and made the regiment larger
than this list would cause it to appear. When no date of muster-out is
given, " 26 July, 1865," is to be understood.
432 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY.
Hastings, Charles. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864 ; first sergeant,
1 July, I860. Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865,
but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mus-
tered out 26 July, 1865.
McAlpine, William T. — Sergeant. Detached on recruiting
service, 13 April, 1864. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1864.
— See Commissioned Officers.
Miles, William H. — Sergeant; sergeant-major, 15 July,
1864; first lieutenant, 15 April, 1865. — See Commis-
sioned Officers.
Pendergast, Richard. — First sergeant. — Wounded in
arm, 20 Dec, 1864, in S.C. First lieutenant, to date from
23 Oct., 1864. — See Comynissioned Officers.
Tripp, James E. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864.
Wilson, Foster. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; sergeant, 1 Oct.,
1864. Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
recruits.
AcKLET, George W. 31. East Machias, Me. Seaman.
28 May, 1864. East Machias, INle. — Lanesboro' ^ — Sick
in hospital, Nashville, Tenn. No further record.
Babcock, Frederick. 22. Schenectady, N.Y. Cigar-
maker, 1 June, 1864. Schenectady, N.Y. — Tewksbury. —
Deserted 5 July, 1864.
Bartsh, P^mil. 22. Germany. Mei'chant. 24 June, 1864.
Nevr York. — Dudley. — Discharged for disability, at Wor-
cester, 25 May, IS^S.
Beal, Edward. 20. Jonesport, Me. Seaman. 11 June,
1864. Jonesport, Me. — Westminster. — Sick in hospital,
at Worcester, Mass. No further record.
Berry, Charles 0. 20. Pittsfield, Mass. Machinist. 8
1 The same order of items is observed as noted on page 298, with the
addition of the name of town or city to whose quota the man was assigned.
Thus, after " East Machias, Me.," which denotes the residence, is "Lanes-
boro'," which denotes the town on whose quota Ackley enlisted.
THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 433
Jane, 1864. Pittsfield. — Salisbury. — Corporal, 27 Dec.
18 04. Taken prisoner in the Nortli-Carolina campaiga*
No further record.
BiKR:\rAN, Ludwig. 30. Germany. Farmer. 6 July,
18G4. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 15 Aug., 18G4.
BocHMER, Frederick. 23. ' Germany. Druggist. 10 May,
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Taken prisoner in the
North-Carolina campaign. No further record.
BoiiRDT, Albert. 19. Germany. Shopkeeper. 27 June,
1864. Boston. — Holyoke. — Clerk at brigade head-
quarters, at Washington, D.C. Mustered out.
Bryax, Henry. 26. Germany- Soldier. 29 July, 1864.
Boston. — Shrewsbury. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
Caset, John. 23. Tipperary, Ireland. Moulder. 1 June,
1864. Jersey City, N.J. — Tewksbury. — Deserted 16
July, 1864.
CoETiiEN, Arthur. 19. Prussia. Clerk. 6 May, 1864.
Chelsea. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 27 Dec, 1864. Wounded,
22 July, 1864, in front of Atlanta. Wounded in thigh,
severely, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough. In hospital
at Worcester, 26 June, 1865, when discharged for dis-
ability.
Collins, Richard. 31. Ireland. Sailor. 7 June, 1864.
Boston. — Northampton. — Deserted 16 Sept., 1864.
Erhart, Emil. 25. Bavaria. Clerk. 18 July, 1864.
Bavaria. — Amesbury. No further record.
Force, Silas. 23 28 Nov., 1864. Medway.
— Medway. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
IlALriN, Thomas. 20 5 May, 1864. Bos-
ton. — Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability, 15 May,
1865.
IIanlev (Iladley ?). 25. Ireland. Soldier. 7 June, 1864.
New York. — Northampton. — Deserted 16 Sept., 1864.
Harris, Benjamin F. 19 11 Jan., 1865.
Lowell. — Lowell. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
Hauo, John. 20. Germany. Laborer. 18 June, 1864.
2S
434 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
New York. — IIolyo]>e. — Taken prisoner in the North-
Cai'olina campaign. No further record.
Hayward, James A. 18. Boston. Clerk. 25 April,
1864. Campello. — Boston. — Corporal, 25 June, 18G5.
Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
Hayward, William — ... —
Deserted 4 April, 1865.
Holland, Charles. 19. New York. Spinner. 22 July,
1864. . . . R.I. — Chelsea. —Mustered out.
HoMNAUG (Horning, ^rf/'.-Cen.), Frederick. 21. Prussia.
Clerk. 30 June, 1864. Prussia. — Holyoke. — Deserted
8 Aug., 1864.
Howard, William. 26. England. Laborer. 8 June,
1864. Albany, N.Y. — Boylston. — Taken prisoner in the
North-Carolina campaign. Discharged, 12 June, 1865,
by order of War Department.
Johnson, William. 35. Sweden. Seaman. 29 June,
1864. Cincinnati, Ohio. — Lee. — No further record.
Kerner, Christopher. 21. ... Locksmith. 17 Aug.,
1864. Boston. — West Springfield. — Disharged 29 June,
1865.
Kineman, Charles. 23. Germany. Clerk. 30 June,
1864. New York. — Roxbury. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864.
Klein, Carlos. 20. Germany. Baker. 20 June, 1864.
New York. — Shelburne. — No further record.
Kolbb, Francis. 30. Switzerland. Waiter. 30 June,
1864. New York. — Roxbury. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864.
Kratt, Joseph. 25., Wurtemberg. Tailor. 14 July, 1864.
New York. — Welltleet. — No further record.
KuNZ, Ferdinand. 25. ... Merchant. 20 Dec, 1864.
Philadelphia, Penn. — New Marlboro'. — Mustered out.
Lorenz, Franz. 33. . . . Soldier. 16 Aug., 1864.
Boston. — Chelsea. — Prisoner, 12 Feb., 1865, to March,
1865. Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
Maiiony, Timothy — ...
— Joined for duty, 8 Jan., 1865. Mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 435
McLaughlin, Michael S. M
— ... — Deserted . . .
McMee, Alexander. 25. Nova Scotia. Blacksmith. 13
June, 18G4. Ireland. — Dudley. — Died in hospital, 17
Aug., 18G4.
Miller, John. 20. Switzerland. Laborer. 18 June,
1864. Erie, Penn. — Chelsea. — Deserted 1 8 Sept., 18G4.
Moore, John. 23. Jefferson ville, Ind. Farmer. 13 July,
1864. New York. — WellHeet. — Mustered out.
MoRO, Joseph. 23. Corsica. Soldier. 6 May, 1864.
Corsica. — Chelsea. — "Honorably mentioned," 30 July,
18G4. Wounded in leg, IG March, 1865, at Averysborough.
In hospital at Worcester, 30 May, 1865, when discharged
for disability.
Neville, Patrick. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 11 June, 1864.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 17 Sept., 1864.
Nichols, Thomas H. 18. Nova Scotia. Farmer. 5
May, 1864. Elgin, C.E. — Chesterfield. — Mustered out.
PEnjiOLLKR, Richard. 22. Germany. Clerk. 22 July,
1864. Boston.— . . . —Deserted 15 Aug., 1864.
Rand, David C. 37. Salem, Mass. Gas-manufacturer.
26 Feb., 1864. Lowell. — Lowell. — In hospital, 26 July,
186."), when mustered out.
Schmidt, Joseph. 20. Germany. Clerk. 11 July, 1864.
. . . — Salisbury, — Deserted 7 June, 1865.
ScHMiDTGREELER (Schnudguedef, {Adj.-Ge)i.), John. 24
. . . Butcher. 14 Sept., 18G4. Boston. — Lowell.—
Taken prisoner; was wounded, March, 1865 (leg ampu-
tated), in attempting to escape from prison at Florence,
S.C. ; discliarged for disabihty, 25 May, 1866 (1865?).
ScHDLER, Frederick. 25. ... IMumber. 17 Aug., 1864.
Boston. — West Springfield. — Deserted 17 June, 1865.
ScHL'LTZ, Edmund. 29. Germany. Tinsmith. 7 IMay,
1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Sick in hospital at Nash-
ville. No further record.
Seiteller, Richard. 26. ... Clerk. 1 Nov., 1864.
Boston. — Chicopee. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865.
436 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Sherwood, Charles. 21. Canada. Boatman. 2 June,
18G4. Canada West. — Southbridge. — Deserted 5 July,
18G4.
SiEGRiST, John. 22. Germany. Carpenter. 25 June,
1864. Boston. — Royalston. — Mustered out.
Smith, Henry. 28. Germany. Hatter. 80 June, 1864.
. . . — Holyoke. — Wounded in leg, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough ; discharged in consequence, 30 May, 1865.
Smith, James. 20. ... Laborer. 11 June, 1864.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Chelsea. — No further record.
Solomon, Maurice. 36. Poland. Machinist. 11 May,
1864. New York. — Stockbridge.— Corporal, 27 Aug.,
1864. Sergeant, 27 Dec, 1864. Mustered out.
SoMMERS, Henry. 20. Germany. Clerk. 10 Aug., 1864.
Philadelphia, Penn. — Lowell. — Deserted . . .
Speiser, Henry. 21. Germany. Tinsmith. 8 June, 1864.
Boston. — Northampton. — No further record.
Stowe, Henry A. 26. Nova Scotia. Car-maker. 23
May, 1864. P.E. Island. — Maiden. — In hospital, 1 June,
1865, when discharged.
Thompson, William. 21. Ireland. Steward. 5 July,
1864. Jersey City, N.J. — Chelsea. — Deserted 8 Aug.,
1864.
Warren, Michael. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 30 June,
1864. Rondout, N.Y. — Holyoke. — Deserted 2 Dec,
1864.
Weber, John. 39. Germany. Seaman. 25 June, 1864.
Boston. — Royalston. — Claimed by One Hundred and
Nineteenth New York, 11 Sept., 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 437
COMPANY B.
VETERANS.
BowLEY, Leander G. — Sergeant. — Appointed first ser-
geant, 1 July, 18G4:; second lieutenant, 3 July, 18Go, but
not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered
out.
Clark, William AV. — Transferred, on re-enlisting to K,
which see.
Cresson, James F. — Mustered out.
Gould, John. — Wounded in arm, severely, 22 June, 1864,
at Kenesaw, and sent to General Hospital ; discharged in
consequence, 24 May, 1865.
Green, William R. — Mustered out.
HoRGAN, Michael. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864.
Johnson, Thomas. — Color-corporal. — Sergeant, 2 June,
1864, and color-sergeant to 25 June, 1865. Deserted 26
June, 1865.
Neavman, Charles H. — Transferred to C, which see.
Petersen, Andrew S. — Wounded in elbow, severely, 16
March, 1865, at Averysborough. Absent in hospital, 26
July, 1865, when mustered out.
Reardon, Daniel. — Was mustered out 28 May, 1864, but
re-enlisted, 9 Sept., 1864, in the same company. — Corporal,
1 Feb., 1865, to . . . 1865; again, 5 June, 1865, "for
universal good conduct." Mustered out 9 June, 1865.
Smith, Reuben. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; sergeant, 10 Sept.,
1864. Wounded in arm, sevei'ely, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough ; in hospital, 20 July, 1865, when mustered
out.
Taylor, George L. (John?). — Detailed to ambulance corps.
No further record.
438 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
RECRUITS. •
Alexander, JoIid. 24. . . . Laborer. 28 June, 18G4.
Canada. — Holyoke. — Sick in hospital at Nashville ; no
further record.
Alla, Christian, 24. Germany. Farmer. 14 July, 18G4.
Thompsonville, Ct. — Roxbury. — Mustered out.
Bartlett, "Wesley L. 18. Windsor, Mass. Laborer. 21
Dec, 1863. Middlefield. — IMiddlefield. — Mustered out.
Billings, Thomas E. 18. Lynnfield, Mass. Farmer. 9
Dec, 1863. Lunenburg. — Leominster. — Transferred,
3 March, 1864, to D, which see.
Bliss, George. 19. Seymour, Ct. Farmer. 21 Dec,
1863. Middlefield. — Middlefield. — Mustered out.
BoRRis, Thomas. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 14 May, 1864.
Boston. — Dorchester. — In penitentiary at Nashville, when
the regiment was mustered out.
Brown, Lebricht. 22. ... Soldier. 14 July, 1864. New
York. — Douglas. — Mustered out.
Brdns, Wilhelm. 22. Germany. Clerk. 1 Aug., 1864.
Boston. — Plymouth. — Prisoner, 27 Nov., 1864, to 27
April, 1865. Mustered out.
Burton, Abraham. 36. . . . Joiner. 1 Nov., 1864*
Boston. — Roxbury. — Mustered out.
Butler, Henry C. 20, Boston, Mass. Laborer. 31
May, 1864. Boston. — Winchendon. — Deserted 18 Aug.,
1864.
Callahan, John. 24. Boston, Mass. Laborer, 8 July,
1864. Boston. — Templeton. — Mustered out.
Carroll, Patrick. 21. ... Cooper. 11 Aug., 1864.
Jersey City, N.J. — Lowell. — In hospital when the regi-
ment was mustered out.
Collins, George. 33, Colchester, Vt. Cabinet-maker. 31
March, 1864. Colchester, Vt. — Brookline. — Died of
disease, 26 March, 1865, at Goldsborough, N.C.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 439
Dk Fornkv (De Ferong, Adj.- Gen.), Edward M. 28. Aus-
tria. Architect. 5 July, 18G4. Hungary. — Lynn. —
Corporal, 10 Sept., 18G4. Deserted 23 Nov., 1864.
Dietrich, Julius. 31. Prussia. Surgeon. 29 June,
18G4. Prussia. — Burre. — Died of disease, 31 Aug.,
18G4, in division hospital.
DuNKiN, George. 39. Canada. Farmer. 1 July, 1864.
Carlo (Cairo?), N.Y. — South Dan vers. — Died of dis-
ease, 15 Sept., 1864, at Atlanta.
Fagan, George. 18. Cambridge, Mass. Porter. 19
Feb., 1864. Boston. — Dedham. — Deserted 26 June,
1865.
FuNEY, E . . . . D. — Appears, by monthly report, as having
joined ; but no further record.
GuEGG, Thomas. 37. ... Boatman. 23 Dec, 1864.
Oswego, N.Y. — Shelburne. — Deserted 26 June, 1865.
Hanson, Randolph. 22. Germany. Carpenter. 28 July,
1864. Prussia. — Winchendon. — Deserted 17 Jan., 1865.
Heany, James. 44. Ireland. Farmer. 1 June, 1864.
Newberg, N.Y. — Kingston. — Died on the march, 15
Feb., 1865.
IIoLLiNGSWORTii, Alexander A. J. 21. West Indies.
Clerk. 28 April, 1864. New Jersey. — Roxbury. —
Sent to hospital, 12 Sept., 1864, and there mustered out,
7 July, 1865.
Houghton, Josiah S. 18. Chelsea, Mass. Farmer. 9
Dec, 1863. Leominster. — Leominstei'. — Transferred,
3 March, 1864, to D, which see.
Kamm, John. 26. ... Baker. 12 July, 1864. Ger-
many. — Wellfleet. — Deserted 26 Nov., 1864.
Lynch, Richard. 19. Utica, N.Y. Driver. 23 June,
1864. Utica, N.Y. — Leicester. — In hospital, 26 July,
1865, when mustered out.
Madden, Daniel H. 21. Fall River, Mass. Soldier. 14
June, 1864. Fall River. — Chelsea. — Deserted 2o June,
1865.
440 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Marx, Peter. 40. Germany. Tailor. 12 Aug., 18G4.
Boston. — Westminster. — Deserted 23 Sept., 1864.
McCakthy, James. 24. ... Laborer. 26 Jan., 18G5,
Boston. — Charlestown. — Mustered out.
Miller, Henry. 35. Prussia. Soldier. 18 July, 1864.
Brunswick, N.J. — Wellfleet. — Mustered out.
Myers (Meyers?), Jolm. 21. Albany, N.Y. Coppersmith.
11 June, 1864. New York. — Boston. — Deserted 21
Aug., 1864.
NiTZ, William. 20. Germany. Blacksmith. 25 June,
1864. Prussia. — Royalston. — Killed in action, 16 March,
1865, at Averysborough.
O'Neill, John. 23. Nova Scotia. No occupation. 9
June, 1864. St. John's, N.B. — Chelsea. — Deserted 1
Aug., 1864.
Peterson, John. 21. ... Silver-plater. 23 June, 1864.
Hartfoi'd, Ct. — Harvard. — Transferred, Aug., 1864, to
Thirty-third Massachusetts.
Reardon, Thomas. 33. ... Laborer. 12 Nov., 1864.
Boston. — Dorchester. — Mustered out.
KiLEY, Thomas. 21. England. Shoemaker. 14 June,
1864. — Fall River. — Northampton. Deserted 21 Aug.,
1864.
Roberts, Thomas. 20. England. Carpenter. 7 July,
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
RoBBiNS, Charles W. 19. Middlefield, Mass. Farmer.
31 Dec, 1863. Pitt>field. — Middlefield. — Died at Louis-
ville, Ky., on the way to the regiment.
RoBBiNS, George R. 18. Middlefield, Mass. Farmer.
31 Dec, 1863. Pittsfield. — Middlefield. — Corporal, 10
Aug., 1864. Mustered out.
Robinson, John. 21. Albany, N.Y. Farmer. 19 May,
1864. Boston. — Sutton. — Deserted 15 July, 1864.
Ryan, John. 20. Patterson, N..J. Machinist. 6 June,
1864. Patterson, N.J. — Northampton. — Deserted 18
Jan., 1865.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 441
Smith, Fiiaxk (" true namo, Peter IMillen "). 23. . . .
Clerk. 27 July, 18G4. — r)0?ton. — Winchendon. — Died
of disease, 19 Nov., 1864, at Chattanooga.
Smith, Henry. 21. Ireland. Baker. 8 June, 18G4.
New York. — Northampton. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 18G4, to
13 Nov., 1864. Mustered out.
Smith, James. 28. New York. Blacksmith. 10 ISIay,
1864. Patterson, N.J. — Chelsea. — Wounded in thigh
(leg amputated), 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; in
hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out.
Smith (Smidt, Adj. -Gen.), John. 20. Ireland. Farmer.
2 June, 1864. Quebec, C.E. — Southbridge. — Deserted
15 July, 1864.
Smith, Jolm. 19. ... Caulker. 17 June, 1864, Can-
ada. — Princeton. — No further record.
Sullivan, Florence. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 29 June,
1864. — New York. — Barre. — Sent to hospital, 13 Sept.,
1864. In hospital at Evansville, Ind., when mustered out.
Sylvia, John. 30. Italy. Sailor. 16 Dec, 1863. Italy.
— Brookline. — Discharged; no date given.
TwEV, .1 . . . D. — Joined, as by monthly report, but no
further record.
Van Meter, Charles E. 22. Frankfoi-t, Ky. Student.
14 May, 1864. Staten Island, N.Y.— South Hadley.—
Deserted 4 Nov., 1864.
Wilkinson, Benjamin A. 18. ... Farmer. 25 April,
1864. Sharon. — Boston. — ^Mustered out.
AViLLiAMS, David. 21. London, Eng. Sawyer. 7 July,
1864. Philadeliihia, Penu. — AVinchendon. — Deserted 17
Auir., 1864.
442 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
COMPANY C.
VETERANS.
Aborn, Sylvester p. — Wounded in leg, 15 May, 18G4, at
Resaca, and died in consequence, 25 May. Buried at
Chattanooga.
Bailey, Edwin A. — INIustered out,
BuRNHAM, Amos P. — Corporal. — Mustered out.
Casey, David. — Sergeant. — Commissary -sergeant, 1 July,
1864, "for long and meritorious services." — See Non-com-
missioned Staff.
Clooney, John J. — Company musician. — Deserted 22
Feb., 1864. Afterwards enlisted elsewhere.
Duffy, James. — Mustered out.
Edwards, Charles W. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 5 June,
1865 ; second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mustered in.
— See Commissioned Offcers. Mustered out.
GiLDAY, Edward. — Mustered out.
Gould, Benjamin F. — Wagoner in January, 1865. — Mus-
tered out.
Hennesy, David. — Mustered out.
JuNKHE, Charles. — Corporal, 2 June, 1864. — Mustered
out.
Kendall, Webster A. — Transferred from F, on re-enlisting.
— Mustered out.
Kneeland, Josiah M. — Mustered out.
Larry, Daniel. — Deserted 11 Nov., 1864.
Magee, William. — Mustered out.
Maguire, James. — Coi-poral. — Sergeant, 2 June, 1864.
Mustered out.
Maynard, William W. — Mustered out.
McCarthy, John. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864, to 22 June,,
1865. Mustered out.
Moore, William A. — Mustered out.
Morgan, William F. — Sergeant. — Mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERIM. 443
MuRUAY, James M. — Corporal, 2 June, 1864. — Wounded
in wrist, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Killed in action, 16
March, 1865, at Averysborough.
-Newman, Charles H. — Transfen-ed to C from 15. — Killed
in action, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough.
Oliver, John H. — Mustered out.
Peabody, David. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864.'
PiKRCE, John B. — Mustered out.
Prescott, James M. — Transferred from D, on re-enlisting.
— Mustered out.
Regan, John. — Discharged for disability, 30 .June, 1865.
RoAVE, John M. — Corporal. — Wounded, 15 May, 1864, at
Resaca, and died in consequence, 5 June. Buried at Chat-
tanooga.
Shea, John J. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865. — Deserted 3 July,
1865.
Stewart, John. — Hospital attendant, January, 1865. ]\Ius-
tered out.
Strafford, James M. — First sergeant to 5 June, 1865,
when made sergeant in absence. Discharged, in hospital,
26 June, 1865.
Texney, Albert. — Transferred from K, on re-enlisting. —
Wounded in breast, 20 July, 1864, at Peach-tree Creek.
Mustered out.
Wallace, Thomas (D. ?). — Hospital attendant, Jan., 1865.
— Discharged for disability, 30 June, 1865.
RECRUITS.
Anderson, James. 25. England. Soldier."^ 1 July, 1864.
England. — Barre. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Dinsdale, George. 32. Enghmd. Soldier. 29 June,
1864. England. — Harvard. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Hagerty, Jolin. 23. Ireland. Laborer. 27 June, 1864.
Albany, N.Y. — Tem])leton. — Mustered out.
444 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Hayden, Charles. 24. England 1864. . . .
... — Absent in hospital. No further record.
Lamant, Joseph. 22. Belgium. Clothier. IG July, 1864.
New York. — Northampton. — Mustered out.
Lane, Jolin. 23. ... Harness-maker. 19 July, 1864.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Beverly. — Deserted 22 June, 1865.
Merriam, Wilder. 23. Westminster, Mass. Mechanic.
20 Feb., 1864. Gardner. — Gardner. — Detached to brig-
ade band. No further record.
Miles, John F 1864. ... — ...
— Transferred to Company K, which see.
MoRAN, Thomas. 21. New York. ... 25 June, 1864.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — South Hadley. — Wounded in leg, 3
Aug., 1864, in front of Atlanta ; in hospital ; no further
record.
MuNSON, John. 22. New York. Plasterer. 9 June, 1864.
Boston. — . . . — Deserted 22 June, 1865.
EoGERS, William. 21. Schuylkill County, Penn. Miner.
29 June, 1864. Pottsville, Penn. — North Brookfield.—
Deserted 22 June, 1865.
Ryan, William. 21. Elizabethport, N.J. Boatman. 16
June, 1864. Elizabethport, N.J. — North Brookfield. Mus-
tered out.
ScANLAN, Patrick. 29. ... Laborer. 29 Aug., 1864.
Salem. — Northampton. — Mustered out.
Schneider, Albert. 21. Wirtemberg, Germany. Watch-
maker. 16 July, 1864. Boston. — Northampton. —
Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina campaign. Mustered
out.
Spencer, John. 24. Wilmington, Del. Machinist. 5
July, 1864. Wilmington, Del. — South Danvers. — Mus-
tered out.
Wilton, Harris. 22. Quebec, C.E. Seaman. 23 June,
1864. Boston. — South Hadley. — Absent in hospital.
No further record.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 445
COMPANY D.
VETERANS.
Andersox, John E. — Sergeant. — Mustered out.
Berrigan, Kerin. — Died, 24 Feb., 18G4, at Albany, N.Y.,
when the regiment was returning to the field.
Billings, Alfred. — Mustered out.
Bliven, Arthur J. — Sergeant. — Mustered out.
Booth, Alvin O. — Mustered out.
Bruce, George A. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864, to 13 Nov.,
1864 ; corporal again, 1 Jan., 1865, to 28 June, 1865.
Mustered out.
Crosby, Reuben G. — Hospital attendant, January, 1865. —
Mustered out.
Curtis, George S. — Mustered out.
Eager, William O. — Mustered out.
FiTZGiBBON, James C. — Corporal. — Mustered out.
Heald, Charles H. — Corporal. — Transferred, 28 May,
1864, to G, which see.
Houghton, Albert. — Commissary department, 26 April,
1864. — Prisoner in the North- Carolina campaign, 20
March, 1865, to 30 March, 1865. Mustered out, 12 June,
1865, by General Order 77.
Ingram, Gilbert B. — Mustered out.
King, Edward H. — Mustered out.
King, Ossiau . M. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 Jan., 1865;
First sergeant, 1 July, 1865. Wounded in thigh, 15 May,
1864, at Resaca. INIustered out.
Kinsman, Frederick. — Apix)inted hospital steward, 1 April,
1865. — See Non-commissioned Staff.
Leahy, Richard. — INIustered out.
Litchfield, Charles D. — Mustered out.
O'Brien, James. — Deserted 23 June, 1865.
Prescott, James M. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C,
which see.
446 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Reed, William II. — Transferred, 1 July, 1864, to G, which
see.
Shattuck, Danforth. — Taken prisoner at Waynesboro', 2
Feb., 1865; arrived at parole camp, 28 March, 1865.
Mustered out 12 June, 1865.
Thompson, Jedediah C. — Sergeant. — Wounded in foot, 15
May, 1864, at Resaca. First lieutenant, 7 July, 1864. —
See Commissioned Officers.
Thukston, Thomas B. — First sergeant. — Sergeant-major,
1 July, 1865. — See Non-commissioned Staff.
Toombs, William D. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864. — Trans-
ferred 30 Jan., 1865, to G, which see.
Webber, George H. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from K.
Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina campaign. Mus-
tered out.
RECRUITS.
Alsen (Olsten?), Peter. 25. ... Sailor. 23 June, 1864.
Boston. — Dudley. — Deserted 30 July, 1864.
Alston, Michael. 22. ... Boatman. 15 June, 1864.
Boston. — Quincy. — No further report.
Billings, Thomas E. — Transferred, 3 March, 1864, from
B. In hospital, at Jefferson vi lie, Ind., 26 July, 1865, when
mustered out.
Boiis, Bernhard. 22. Germany. Painter. 6 July, 1864.
Boston. — Chelsea. — Transferred to K, which see.
Black, Robert. 21. . . . Shoemaker, 12 July, 1864.
Kingston, C.W. — Lynn. — Deserted 23 Sept., 1864.
Brady, James. 21. ... Carpenter. 12 July, 1864.
Montreal, C.E. — Beverly. — Mustered out.
Bucher, Siegfried. 24. Switzerland. Farmer. 20 July,
1864. Switzerland. — Harwich. — Mustered out.
Carney, William. — No record. Deserted 31 July, 1864.
Carroll, Micliael. 21. ... Farmer. 7 July, 1864.
Baltimore, INId. — Chelsea. — Deserted 8 Aug, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 447
Claffy, John. 19. ... Laborer. 18 Feb.* 18 Go. Bos-
ton. — Worcester. — INIustered out.
FoLF.Y, James. 30. St. John's, N.B. Sailor. 23 July,
18G4:. St. John's, N.B. — Chelsea. — Died of disease in
Douglas Hospital, 24 June, 18G.").
Gaynor, Patrick. 35. ... Clerk. 23 June, 1864.
Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out.
Geisslkk, Eugene. 19. Germany. Stone-cutter. IG
July, 18G4. — Boston. — North Andover. — Deserted 1 1
March, 18 Go.
Hatch, Charles A. 21. Andover, Mass. Clerk. 29
July, 18G4. Boston. — Eastham. — Mustered out.
IIki'PKL, Carl. 26. ... Machinist. 3 Oct., 1864. Bos-
ton. — Roxbury. — Deserted 2o June, 18Go.
Houghton, Josiah S. 18. Chelsea, Mass. Farmer. 9
Dec, 1863. Leominster. — Leominster. — Transferred
from B, 3 March, 1864. Mustered out.
JoNics, Everett. ... — Deserted 8 Aug., 18G4.
Lange, Adolph. 26. ... Bookbinder. 1 Nov., 1864.
Boston. — Koxbury. — Mustered out.
Matoxk, Johann Peter. 36. . . . Painter. 3 Oct., 1864.
Boston. — Ixoxbury. — Mustered out.
McNanny, Thomas. 19. Toronto, N.Y. Boatman. 2o
July, 1864. New York. — Leverett. — Deserted 23 Sept.,
1864.
i\lKLi:Y, James. . . . — Deserted 4 Aug., 1864.
MoORK, Thomas. 21. York County, Penn. Farmer. 22
July, 1864. St. Louis, Mo. — Northampton. — Deserted
23 Sept., 1864.
MuLLOi'', Patrick. 26. .'. . Moulder. 20 July, 1864.
Lowell. — Harvard. — No further record.
Parker, John M. 18. Pittsficld, Mass. Farmer. 25
July, 1864. Worthiugton. — AVorthington. — jNIustered
out.
SiiooTMETER (SchattonuUcr, Schattmuller ?), Ignatz. 25.
. . . Teamster. 6 Aug., 1864. Germany. — Chelsea.
— In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out.
448 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Shott, John. 32. ... Butcher. 5 July, 18G4. Patter-
son, N.J. — Lynn. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864.
Wasner, Heinrich. 26. ... Butcher. 29 June, 1864.
Germany. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864.
Waterman, John. 20. Newark, N.J. — Machinist. 14
July, 1864. Newark, N.J. — North Brookfield. — De-
serted 11 Nov., 1864.
COMPANY E.
VETERANS.
DuNTON, Alonzo E. — Sergeant to 22 June, 1864. Deserted
3 Aug., 1864.
Harlow, Edwin A. — Transferred from A, 1 July, 1864.
First sergeant, 1 July, 1864; second lieutenant, 3 July,
1865, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers.
Mustered out.
Mather, Samuel A. — Was mustered out 28 May, 1864,
but re-enlisted 15 Aug., 1864. Mustered out 11 June,
1865.
RECRUITS.
Arter, Robert. 22. New Jersey. Brickmaker. 28 June,
1864. New Brainbridge, N.J. — Holyoke. — Deserted 12
Aug., 1864.
Brown, James. 23. ... Tailor. 16 July, 1864. Low-
ell. — Lowell. — Deserted 25 June, 1865.
Brown, John. 25. ... Seaman. 25 June, 1864. Bos-
ton. — Swampscott. — Mustered out.
Butler, James. 21. Whitehall, N.Y. Laborer. 7 May,
1864. Whitehall, N.Y. — New Braintree. — Corporal, 10
Sept., 1864. Absent in hospital when mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 449
Caffrey, Edward. 20. Albany, N.Y. Painter. 10 June,
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Wounded in liead, 30
July, 1864, in front of Atlanta. Mustered out.
Claus, Robert. 26. Prussia. Clerk. 7 May, 1864. New
York. — Boston. — Deserted 3 Aug., 1864.
Cole, Charles E. 19! ... Farmer. 10 Sept., 1864.
Providence, R.I. — Lowell. — Mustered out.
Cronan, Patrick. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 29 June,
1864. Ireland. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864 ; ar-
rested 10 Aug., 1864 ; in penitentiary at Nashville when
the regiment was mustered out,
Davis, Joseph. 25. Derry, Ireland. Pattern-maker. 25
June, 1864. New Yoi-k. — Svvampscott. — Deserted from
provost guard, 9 Aug., 1864; arrested; in penitentiary at
Nashville when the regiment was mustered o3t.
Ford, John. 32. New York. Hatter. 13 July, 1864.
New York. — Wellfleet. — Sick in hospital ; no further
record.
Grkkn, William. 22. Lancaster, Penn. Machinist. 14
July, 1864. Frankfort, Penn. — North Brookfield. — De-
serted 9 Jan., 1865.
Grey, Patrick. 37. ... Boiler-maker. 17 Aug., 1864.
Boston. — West Springfield. — Mustered out.
Guthrie, Henry A. (V.?). 21. Stafford, Ct. Operative.
11 May, 1864. Stafford, Ct. — Boston. — Corporal, 1 June,
1865. Mustered out.
Harper, John. 31. Scotland. Laborer. 18 June, 1864.
Boston. — Holyoke. — Quartermaster's clerk, 3 Nov., 1864.
In hospital, 22 June, 1865, when mustered out.
Henshaw, James. 22. Manchester, Eng. Cooper. 8
June, 1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 15 July,
1864.
Johnson, George. 22. New Orleans, La. Sailor. 2 Aug.,
1864. Ilopkiuton. — Lowell. — Deserted 12 Sept., 1864.
Kelliher, Timothy. 21. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 9
29
450 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
June, 1864. Deerfield. — Deerfield. — Deserted; no date
given.
Lamont, Pierre. 29. ... Sailor. 3 Nov., 1864. New-
York. — Easton. — In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mus-
tered out.
Leonard, George. 22. Baltimore, Md. Laborer. 1 July,
1864. Baltimore, Md. — Holyoke. — Deserted 12 Aug.,
1864.
Lynch, Edward. 27. New York. Laborer. 21 June,
1864. — New York. — Savoy. — Deserted 12 June, 1864.
Mather, Frederick A. 38. ... Bootmaker. 15 Aug.,
1864. Milford. — Milford. — Mustered out 11 June,
1865.
Mattkson, William E. 20. South Shaftsbury, Vt. Turner.
24 May, 1864. Vermont. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
McCauley, Henry. 35. Fermor, Ireland. Laborer. 23
April, 1864. Boston. — Abington. — Corporal, 1 July,
1864, Wounded in head, 30 July, 1864, in front of At-
lanta. Wounded in thigh, severely, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough. In hospital, 17 June, 1865, when mus-
tered out.
McTierney (McTomey, AdJ.-Gen.), John. 21. Yorkport,
N.J. Farmer. 2 Aug., 1864. Jersey City, N.J. — West-
minster. — Deserted 15 Nov., 1864.
Mehler, Michael. 21. . . . N.J. Laborer. 30 June,
1864. — Boston. — Royalston. — Deserted 16 Aug., 1864 ;
arrested 17 Aug. ; in penitentiary at Nashville when the
regiment was musterfed out.
Mickey, Edward. 18. Hamburg, Germany. Comb-maker.
9 May, 1864, New York. — Boston. — Company musi-
cian. Mustered out.
Moore, John. 26. Scotland. Moulder. 2 Aug., 1864.
Cohoes, N.Y. — Lowell. — In hospital, 27 May, 1865,
when discharged.
Munson, Charles. 21. Ireland. Exjjressman. 6 June, 1864.
Philadelphia. — Northampton. — Wounded, seriously, 30
THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TEllM. 451
July, 1861, in front of Atlanta. In hospital, 26 July, 1865,
wlu;n mustered out.
MuNSON, John. 22. New York. Carpenter. 7 July,
1864. — Williamsburg, N.Y. — Leicester. — Deserted 13
Aug., 1864.
MuKPiiY, Jeremiah. 19. Ireland. Boatman. 28 June,
1864. — Montreal, C.E. — Holyoke. — Mustered out.
MuKPHY, Thomas. 21. Brattleboro', Vt. Machinist. 16
May, 1864. Winchester. — Boston. — Corporal, 23 June,
1865. Mustered out.
Neth, Franz. 27. Germany. Cigar-maker. 6 July,
1864. — Prussia. — AVinchendon. — Deserted 11 Aug.,
1864.
O'Neai., William. 21. ... N. Y. Farmer, 22 July, 1864.
Port Kent, N. Y. — Wayland. Deserted 12 Sept., 1864.
Parker, Richard S. 28. Salem, Mass. Clerk. 9 July,
1864. Fairliaven, Ct. — Amesbury. — Deserted 12 Aug.,
1864.
Pierce, John A. 32. Milford, Mass. Bootmaker. 25
Feb., 1864. Medway. — Medway. — Mustered out.
Pickett, Daniel S. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. 9
May, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Prisoner, July, 1864 ;
discharged (paroled) 5 June, 1865.
Randoltii, James L. 25. Wilmington, Del. Clerk. 10
June, 1864. Wilmington, Del. — Chelsea. — Deserted 22
Oct., 1864.
Riioux, Joseph. 20. Canada. Laborer. 21 April, 1864.
Canada East. — Petersham. — Killed in action, 30 July,
1864, near Atlanta.
Rii.EY, John. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 31 May, 1864.
Boston. — Wiuchendon. — Wounded, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough. Mustered out.
RoBBiNS, Arthur N. 23. Cape of Good Hope. Sailor.
12 July, 1864. . . . — Lynu.— Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Sheldon, Duane C. 18. ... Clerk. 17 Oct., 1864.
Andover, Vt. — Roxbury. — Discharged for disability, 27
May, 1865.
452 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Shepherd, Eugene. 19. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 7 May,
1864. New Bedford. — Chelsea. — Died of disease, Jan.,
1865, at Nashville, Tenn.
Smith, Charles. 24. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 2
Aug., 1864. Lowell.— . . . —Deserted 12 Sept., 1864.
Smith, Henry. 21. ... Moulder. 3 Nov., 1864. Bos-
ton. — Chatham. — Deserted 10 June, 1865.
Stevens, Edward G. 44. ... Painter. 20 Sept., 1864.
Boston. — Haverhill. — In hospital, 27 July, 1865, when
mustered out.
Sullivan, James. 35. Kerry, Ireland. Clerk. 26 July,
1864. New York. — Waylaud. — Taken prisoner in the
North-Carolina campaign. Discharged (paroled) 24 July,
1865.
Sullivan, John. 21. Ireland. Hostler. 29 June, 1864.
Cambridge. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864 ; arrested
10 Aug., 1864 ; in penitentiary at Nashville when the
regiment was mustered out.
Sweeny, Wallace H. 24. England. Laborer. 2 Aug.,
1864. Brooklyn, N.Y. — Lowell.— Deserted 17 Jan., 1865.
Taylor, Edwin. 26. ... Painter. 22 June, 1864. Spring-
field. — Charlton. — Died of disease, 15 Oct., 1864, at
Chattanooga.
Teiss, Ernest. 34. Germany. Baker. 7 May, 1864.
Boston. — Chelsea. — Straggled on march, August, 1864;
supposed prisoner ; no further record.
Wallace, John A. 21. Manchester, N.II. Blacksmith.
15 June, 1864. Manchester, N.H. — Holyoke. — Taken
prisoner; discharged (paroled) 20 July, 1865.
Whittemore, Charles L. 18. ... Teamster. 26 July,
1864. Charlestown, N.H. — Roxbury. — Mustered out.
Winters, AVilliam. 27. Philadelphia, Penn. Brewer.
31 May, 1864. Philadelphia, Penn. — Tewksbury. — De-
serted 22 Oct., 1864.
Woodman, John. 18. ... Farmer. 22 Aug., 1864.
Brewer, Me. — Needham. — Prisoner in the North-Caro-
lina campaign ; no further record.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TEllM. 453
COMPANY F.
VETERANS.
Billings, David E. — IMiistercd out.
Bryant, Cyrus W. — Taken prisoner, 8 June, 1864. Absent
in liospital, 18 July, 1865, when mustered out.
Carr. Patrick II. — In commissary department, January,
1865. Mustered out.
Cook, Martin V. B. — Mustered out.
Crosby, Pardon L. — Corporal, 1 Jidy, 1864; sergeant, 23
June, 1865; color-sergeant, 25 June, 1865. Mustered out.
Currant, Thatcher M. — Corporal, 1 April, 1864; sergeant,
5 June, 1865. Mustered out.
Douglas, John F. — Sergeant. — Armorer, 28 April, 1864.
Prisoner, 8 Nov., 1864; not heard from.
DuRGiN, Daniel. — jMustered out.
Gorton, Samuel M. — In hospital at Boston, 23 Feb., 1864.
No further record.
Hartt, John T. — Company musician. — INIustered out.
Jepson, Samuel L. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 1 March,
1864, to 13 Nov., 1864; sergeant, 4 March, 1865; first
sergeant, 23 April, 1865. Appointed second lieutenant, 3
July, 1865, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Offi-
cers. Mustered out.
Kendall, Webster A. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C,
which see.
Parker, Alfred R. — Corporal. — Killed in action, 1 6 March,
1865, at Averysborough.
Pickering, A>a. — Corporal, 23 June, 1865. Mustered out.
Richardson, Delavan. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 April,
1864. INIustered out.
Staten, William II. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 13 March,
1864, to 4 ]\[arch, 1865. Mustered out.
Whipple, Alfred P. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865. Mustered
out.
454 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
RECRUITS.
Brady, Thomas. 21. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 1 June,
18G4. — Boston. — Attleboro'. — Deserted 11 Aug., 1864.
Brown, Edwin (Edward?). 20. Germany. Sailor. 15
Jan., 1864. Philadelphia. — Rutland. — No further re-
port.
Bryant, Andrew A. 21. Athol, Mass. Mechanic. 15
Feb., 1864. Phillipston. — Phillipston. — Mustered out.
Campbell, Robert. 20. Delaware County, Penn. Laborer.
6 July, 1864. Philadelphia. — Winchendon. — Deserted
9 Aug., 1864.
Carton (Karton?), Charles. 19. ... Boatman. 4 July,
1864. Boston. — North Andover. — Deserted 20 Nov.,
1864.
Connors, Jeremiah. 29. ... Stone-cutter. 18 Aug.,
1864. Salem. — Salem. — Mustered out.
Crosby, John. 22. Rouville, Texas. Farmer. 24 June,
1864. Norfolk, Va. — South Hadley. — Deserted 7 Aug.,
1864.
Davis, Frederick C. (Francis ?)
— ... — Corporal, 23 June, 1865. No further record.
Devitt, Edward. 21. Ireland. Barber. 1 Aug., 1864.
Philadelphia. — Conway. — Deserted 4 Sept., 1864.
Dillon, Thomas (James?). 21. Syracuse, N.Y. Laborer.
26 May, 1864. Springfield. — Templeton. — Wounded
(leg broken) by shell, 1 Aug., 1864, in front of Atlanta.
Absent in hospital when mustered out.
DuMPHREY, Edward. 21. ... Farmer. 10 Nov., 1864.
Worcester. — Worcester. — Deserted 10 June, 1865.
Dunn, Daniel. 21. L-eland. Laborer. 6 June, 1864.
New York. — Boylston. — Deserted 7 Nov., 1864.
Dunn, Peter. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 1 June, 1864. Bos-
ton. — Warwick. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864.
Gilbert, Frederick. 23. ... Clerk. 9 July, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 455
Prussia. — Salisbury. — Wounded in neck, 16 March, 1865,
at Averysborough. Mustered out.
Gregory, Samuel D. 18. ... Farmer. 22 Aug., 1864.
Belliugham. — Bellingham. — Prisoner, 14 April, 1865.
Mustered out.
IIarland, William. 25. Germany. Blacksmith. 5 July,
1864. Germany. — Lynn. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864.
ITahrington, Charles. 27. ... Tinsmith. 23 July,
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Prisoner in the North-
Carolina campaign. Discharged for disability, 2 July,
1865.
Johnson, James. 35. Baltimore, Md. Laborer. 7 May,
1864. — Baltimore, Md. — Chelsea. — Deserted from hos-
pital in Nashville ; no date given.
Kaiser, Jacob. 25. ... Baker. 6 July, 1864. New
York. — Amesbury. — Deserted 12 Nov., 1864.
Kelley, John F. 23. Canada. Machinist. 3 May, 1864.
Canada. — Boston. — Mustered out.
Kelley, Michael. 22. ... Currier. 8 Sept., 1864.
Salem. — Lowell. — Mustered out.
Kelley, William. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Teamster.
8 June, 1864. — Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 9 Aug.,
1864.
"Lane, Gustavus E. 27 20 Sept., 1863.
Boston. — ... — Mustered out.
Mason, William. 21. England. Seaman. 23 May, 1864.
Boston. — Maiden. — Died, 14 Aug., 1864, in front of
Atlanta.
Meiian, Matthew. 20. ... Laborer. 15 Feb., 1865.
Salem. — Ashby. — IVIustered out.
Muller, Conrad. 27. ... Shoemaker. 29 June, 1864.
New York. — Barre. — In hospital, 3 July, 1865, when
mustered out.
Nangle, Thomas. 26. Ireland. Clerk. 3 May, 1864.
Canada. — Provincetown. — In hospital, 17 June, 1865,
when mustered out.
456 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INPANTRY.
O'Brien, James. 22. ... Carpenter. IG July, 1864.
Newtonville, N.Y. — Lowell. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865, to
19 June, 1865. Deserted 19 June, 1865.
PiERSON, Oscar. 18. Norway. Laborer. 10 Feb., 1864.
Chelmsford. — Chelmsford. — Mustered out.
Regan, Thomas. 20. Ireland. Grocer. 25 May, 1864.
New York. — Chelsea. — Wounded in thigh, severely, 16
March, 1865, at Averysborough. In hospital when mus-
tered out.
Riley, James. 21. Westchester, Ct. Clerk. 2 Aug.,
1864. New York. — Princeton. — Mustered out.
Ring, George. 20. . . . Driver. 14 July, 1864. New
Haven, Ct. — North Brookfield. Deserted 12 Nov., 1864.
Robinson, Charles. 26. Canada. Machinist. 3 May,
1864. St. John's, N.B. — Princeton. — Mustered out.
Ryan, James. 26. Tipperary, Ireland. Boatman. 26
May, 1864. Brooklyn, N.Y. — Templeton. — Prisoner in
North- Carolina campaign. In hospital when mustered out.
Ryan, John H. 21. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 11 June,
1864. Newark, N.J. — Chelsea. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864.
Ward, Peter. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 3 May, 1864.
Philadelphia, Penn. — North Brookfield. Absent sick.
No further record.
COMPANY G.
veterans.
Baldwin, John D. S. — Company musician. — Mustered out.
French, Henry P. — Absent in hospital, 4 May, 1864.
(Probably discharged.)
Heald, Charles H. — Corporal. — Transferred, on re-enlist-
ing, from D. Sergeant, 28 May, 1864; first sergeant,
1 July, 1864. Wounded, slightly, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough. Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July,
THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TEIJM. 457
18G5, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers.
Mustered out.
Lawton, John. — Wounded in leg, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca.
Transferred to Invalid Corps, 17 Sept., 1864.
Reed, William II. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from D.
Sergeant, 1 July, 1864. Wounded, 30 July, 1864, in front
of Atlanta, and died iu consequence, 4 Oct., 1864. Buried
at Cliattanooga.
Richardson, Jesse. — First sergeant. — First lieutenant, 24
May, 1864. — See Commissioned Officers.
Toombs, William D. — Corporal. — Transferred to G, 30
Jan., 1865, from D ; sergeant, 30 Jan., 1865 ; first lieuten-
ant, to date from 4 Nov., 1864. — See Commissioned Offi-
cers.
RECRUITS.
Bowler, Jeremiah. 21. Ireland. Currier. 5 IMay, 1864.
Winchester. — Pembroke. — Corporal, 27 Dec, 1864, to
25 June, 1865. Mustered out.
Carrick, Edward. 21. Piiiladelphia, Tenn. Diiller. 14
July, 1864. Newark, N.J. — Wellrteet. — Deserted 15
Nov., 1864.
CociiLAN, Thomas. 30. Ireland. Sailor. 27 May, 1864.
Boston. — Lee. — Deserted 22 July, 1864.
Coleman, Patiick. 30. Ireland. Currier. 10 Aug., 1864.
Salem. — Salem. — Iu hospital, 28 July, 1865, when mus-
tered out.
Connelly, Benjamin. 23. Ireland. Boatman. 6 July,
1864. Troy, N.Y. — Lynn. — Deserted 1 6 Aug., 1864.
Cox, John. 18. Maiden, Mass. Clerk. 16 Feb., 1864.
Maiden. — Boston. — ^Mustered out.
Cox, William. 25. Prince Edward's Island. Sailor. 30
May, 1864. Prince Edward's Island. — Maiden. — Mus-
tered out.
CcLP, Joseph. 20. Worcester, Mass/ Laborer. 2 Aug.,
1864. Worcester. — Milton. — Deserted 20 Sept., 1864.
458 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
FisiiER, George. 27. Germany. Saddler. 1 June, 1864.
Germany. — Northampton. — Mustered out.
Foley, Charles. 2o. Baltimore, Md. Sailor. 12 July,
18G4. Wellfleet. — Welllleet. — Deserted 15 Aug., 1864.
Foley, John. 20. Stamford, Ct. Laborer. 13 July,
1864. Conn. — Beverly. — Deserted 15 Nov., 1864.
Ford, Delos B. 18. New York. Printer. 15 Feb., 1864.
Roxbury. — Boston. — Absent sick, 24 July, 1865, when
mustered out.
Foreman (Fuhrman?), George. 24. Germany. Farmer.
1 7 JMay, 1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Wounded, 2 1 Dec,
1864, in South Carolina. Mustered out.
Fox, John. 21. West Derby, Vt. Farmer. 18 Feb.,
1864. — Stanstead, C.E. — Boston. — In hospital, 1 Oct.,
1864, and also when regiment was mustered out.
Frey, James. 24. Germany. Pedler. 13 June, 1864.
Austria. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 10 Sept., 1864, to 30 Dec,
1864, when returned to the ranks at his own request.
Wounded in breast and arm, severely, 16 March, 1865, at
Averysborough ; discharged in consequence, 3 July, 1865.
Gassell, Henry. 35. (No record of items.) Deserted
6 July, 1864.
Gibson, George. (No record of items.) Deserted 12 Nov.,
1864.
Glaser (or Glozier), Louis. 21. ... Sailor. 30 Nov.,
1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
Grken, John. 32. St. John's, N.B. Seaman. 2 June,
1864. St. John's, N.B. — Kingston. — Deserted 17 Aug. ,
1864.
Hale, Wilbur H. 18. Portland, Me. Laborer. 27 April,
1864. Glastonbury, Ct. — New Salem. — Mustered out.
Harley, Bartholomew. 31. ... Laborer. 25 Aug.,
1864. — New York. — Lowell. — Mustered out.
Herrick, James. 22. Canada. Boatman. 8 July, 1864.
Albany, N.Y. — Wellfleet. — Deserted 8 June, 1865.
Hopkins, John. 20. New York. Printer. 5 May, 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 459
Cleveland, Ohio. — Pembroke. — Corporal, 10 Sept., 1864,
to 3 Nov., 18G4. Deserted 12 Nov., 18G4.
Hutchinson, David. 20. Scotland. Laborer. 28 April,
1864. Scotland. — New Salem. — Dropped 19 Dec,
1864; supposed to have been shot by guerillas.
Jones, Frederick. 26. Germany. Trader. 1 June, 1864.
Germany. — Shelburnc. — Deserted 16 July, 186^
Keegan, Frank. 19. New York. Spinner. 22 July,
1864. Providence, R.I. — Chelsea. — Died 5 June, 1865,
at Savannah, Ga.
King, John. 21. Ireland. Cooper. 26 July, 1864.
Canada. — Salem. — Deserted 18 Jan., 1865.
Knowles, John. 21. England. Laborer. 27 May, 1864.
England. — Lee. — Deserted 24 Aug., 1864.
Lee, William. 20. Canada. Boatman. 30 July, 1864.
Cobourg, C.W. — Plymouth. — Discharged for disability,
28 June, I860.
Leigiiton, Joseph. — "Recruit from depot," April, 1865.
No other record.
Leudo (Ledou?), Frank. 21. Montreal, C.E. Brick-
maker. 27 May, 1864. Boston. — Maiden. — Mustered
out 26 July, 1865.
LuiTEU, Samuel D. (Luther, Joseph ?). 21 . . . Laborer.
20 Aug., 1864. Douglas. — Douglas. — Discharged by
order of War Department, 11 June, 1865.
Magoun, William. 18. Shepton, Canada. Teamster. 28
April, 1864. Warwick, C.E. — Boston. — Deserted 20
Dec., 1864.
Mayo, John. 24. Montreal, C.E. Soldier. 2 July, 1864.
Montreal, C.PL — Lancaster. — Deserted 10 Aug., 1M4.
McNamara, George. 19. Ireland. JNIariner. 23 April
1864. Ireland. — Sandwich. — AVounded in leg, 1 6 March,
1865, at Averysborough ; in hospital, 1 June, 1865, when
discharged.
Meukill, Truman. 18. Seabrook, if.II. Shoemaker. 30
Jan., 1864. Salisbury. — Salisbury. — Mustered out.
460 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
MoNAHAN, Mahan (Malachi?). 21. Providence, R.L
Teamster. 20 April, 18G4. Providence, R.I. — Boston.
— Deserted 19 June, 18G5.
MuiR, James. 23. ... Clerk. . . . Quebec, C.E.
— Chatham. — Detached to Headquarters Military De-
partment. No further record.
MuRPi*-, Edward. 21. Ireland. Saddler. 7 July, 18G4.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — South Danvers. — Discharged 14 July,
1865.
Murphy, William. 21. Philadelphia, Pcnn. Sailor. 28
April, 1864. Philadelphia. — Chelmsford. — Mustered
out.
O'Malley, Charles. 25. England. Laborer. 12 Aug.,
1864. Buffalo, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 11 Sept.
1864.
Patterson, Robert. 21. Nova Scotia. Clerk. 20 April,
1864. St. John's, N.B. — Abington. — Corporal, 23 June,
1865. Mustered out.
Peterson, Otto. 21. ... Clerk. 3 Sept., 1864. Bos-
ton. — Sunderland. — Dischai'ged in hospital at New Al-
bany, lud., 10 July, 1865.
Riley, Thomas. 21. England. Shoemaker. 14 June,
1864. Chelsea.— . . . —Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Ruby, Jacob F. 35. Germany. Machinist. 23 May,
1864. Boston. — Cohasset. — Discharged in hospital, 30
May, 1865.
Stevens, James. 22. Lancashire, England. Blacksmith.
12 July, 1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 17 Aug.,
1864.
Th^pson, Matthew. 26. New York. Carpenter. 2 July,
1864. New York. — Chatham. — Deserted 10 Aug.,
1864.
Turner, Frank. 25. Montreal, C.E. Laborer. 2 June,
1864. Frederick, Md. — Southbridge. — Deserted 4 July,
1864.
Turner, George. 25. ... Painter. 21 May, 1864.
Boston. — Maiden. — No further record.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 461
Turner, Wellinorton II. 21. Dresden, Me. Farmer. 28
May, 18(5 1. Dresden, jMe. — Laiiesboro'. — Mustered out.
Wade, William. 21. Elmira, N.Y. Laborer. 29 April,
18G4. Buffalo, N.Y. — Carver. — Deserted 21 June,
1865.
Williams, James. 25. Nova Scotia. Seaman. 9 June,
18G4. St. John's, N.B. — ClieL-ea. — Corporal, 1 Nov.,
18G4, to 13 Nov., 18G4; corporal again, 27 Dec., 18G4.
Absent on furlough, and discharged, 24 June, 18G5.
Wilson, George. 19. Hamilton, C.W. Boatman, 20
July, 18G4. Columbia, N.Y. — Northampton. — Deserted
12 Nov., 1864.
COMPANY H.
VETERANS.
Clark, John F. — Mustered out.
Carraher, Frank L. — Corporal and color-corporal, 15 July,
1864. Mustered out.
Dammerall, William H. — Corporal, 31 Dec, 18G3, to 6
Nov., 18G4; again, ... to 28 June, 1865. Mustered out.
Foss, Fhineas II. — Hospital attendant. — Mustered out.
GiLLEY, George. — Company musician. — Mustered out.
Haney, William. — Deserted 23 Feb., 1864.
Harris, George. — Corporal. — Transferred to H, 15 July,
1864, from K. Serg.ant, 15 July, 1864. Mustered out.
Johnson, Arthur. — Mustered out.
Keenan, Patrick. — Deserted 28 Oct., 1864.
McKiNSTREY, Charles 0. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; ser-
geant, 5 June, 1865; first sergeant, 28 June, 1865. Ap-
pointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mustered
in.- — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out.
MoOERS, Andrew J. — Deserted 23 Feb., 1864.
462 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Morse, George W. — Sergeant, 2 Jan., 18G4; first sergeant,
1 Jan., 186.5; first lieutenant, 17 March, 18G5. — See
Commissioned Officers.
Smith, "William. — Wounded in thigh, 15 May, 1864, at
Resaca. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865, to 28 June, 1865.
Mustered out.
WiiiTTEMOKE, Ezra G. — Mustered out.
RECRUITS.
Black, Richard. 21. New York. Sailor. 16 May, 1864.
Boston. — Boston. — Deserted 12 Aug., 1864.
BuRGEN, John. 43. France. Glass-cutter. 9 June, 1864.
Rowe. — Salisbury. — Wounded in arm, 14 Aug., 1864,
near Atlanta. In hospital at Nashville when mustered
out.
Caswell, Moses. 19. Halifax, N.S.— Sailor. 21 July,
1864. Grafton. — Northampton. — Mustered out.
Clary, Hugh. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 14 June, 1864.
Boston. — Dudley. — Mustered out.
CoMRTON, Joseph. 21. Chester, N.Y. Brakeman. 11
June, 1864. Chester, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 30
June, 1865.
Corneillee (Cannalin?), Herman. 19. Finland. Sailor.
14 June, 1864. Finland. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
CoRNETT, James H. 28. New York. Cleik. 6 May,
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — " Distinguished for
bravery, 30 July, 18G4." Absent in hospital when mus-
tered out.
Elliker, Robert (Albert?). 24. Switzerland. Baker.
3 May, 1864. Shelburne. — Boston. â €” Mustered out.
Gonzexbacii. Ferdinand. 19. Germany. Clerk. 14 June,
1864. Boston. — Northampton. — Prisoner, November,
1864, to January, 1865. Mustered out 22 July, 1865.
Hensiiaw, John. 23. Ireland. Carpenter. 6 July, 1864.
Ireland. — Lynn. — Deserted 7 Nov., 1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 4G3
Huntley, Loring. 21. Liverpool, England. Seaman. 22
June, 18G4, Ilarrington, Me. — Essex. — Died 20 Nov.,
1864.
JONKS, John. 22. Pittsfield, Mass. Bntclier. 21 June,
18()4. New York. — Roxbuiy. — Mnstered ont.
LaukIxXS, John. 20. Jersey City, N.J. Laborer. 10
June, 1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 13 Nov.,
186L
Lyn'cii, James. 26. ... Laborer, 11 Jan., 1865. New
Yoik. — Hatfield. — Mustered out.
McNuLTY, John. 33. Ireland. Mariner. 2 April, 1864.
Boston. — West Cambridge. — Mustered out.
Meutz, Jacob. 29. Germany. Laborer. 27 May, 1864.
Jersey City, N.J. — Ciielsea. — Deserted 15 July, 1864.
Metzke, Henry. 30. Germany. Soldier. 9 June, 1864.
Prussia. — Chelsea. — Deserted 3 Aug., 1864.
Miller, Charles. 24. Germany. Laborer. 7 June, 1864.
Germany. — Northampton. — Deserted 13 July, 1864.
Miller, ,John. 30. Tyrone County, Ireland. Laborer.
24 May, 1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Absent in hospital,
26 July, 1865, wiien mustered out.
MuuniY, John. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 20 July, 1864.
Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
Murray, James. 23. Liver|iool, England. Sailor. 20
July, 1864. P^ngland. — Northampton. — Deserted 30
June, 1865.
Offinger, Paul. 33. Wurtemburg, Germany. Painter.
8 June, 1864. Boston. — Northampton. — lX\serted 30
June, 1865.
PagI':, John. 30. Soutli Berwick, Me. Shoemaker. 26
June, 1864. Salisbury. — Salisbury. — Corporal, 5 June,
1865. Mustered out.
RiiGAN, Patrick. 18. New York. Teamster. 10 May,
1864. Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out.
RoiuNSON, John. 21. Albany, N.Y. Farmer. 17 IMay,
1864. Springfield. — Ashlield. — Deserted 11 Nov., 1864.
464 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
EoBSON, John. 22, St. Louis, Mo. Steward. 8 July,
186:1. New York. — Lynn. — Discharged 14 July, 1865.
Sander, William. 37. ... Cigar-maker. 10 Oct., 1864.
Boston, — Bridgewater. — Discharged by order of War
Department.
SiiOKT, James, 20, Hartford, Ct, Laborer. 9 July, 1864.
Albany', N.Y. — W^ellfleet, — Deserted 30 June, 1865.
Smith, Alonzo. 21. Canada. Butcher. 12 May, 1864.
Canada, — Boston. — Deserted 30 June, 1865,
Smith, Knox, 34, Ireland. Laborer. 26 April, 1864.
Fall River, — lloxbury, — Mustered out,
Stewart, John. 22. Pittsburgh, Penn. Boatman, 14 May,
1864, Pittsburgh, Penn, — Dorchester. — Mustered out.
COMPANY I.
VETERANS.
Baird, William, — Adjutant's clerk. — Mustered out,
BuTLEK, Aaron, — Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina
campaign. In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out,
Cronin, Patrick, — Wounded, 15 May, 1864, at Eesaca, and
died in consequence, 16 May.
Eaton, Minot H. — Quartermaster's clerk, January, 1865.
Mustered out.
Ellsworth, Andrew B, — Acting quartermaster-sergeant,
January, 1865, Mustered out 26 July, 1865,
Flynn, Patrick, — Company musician. — Mustered out.
Hanning, James. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864;
first sergeant, 10 Aug., 1864. Wounded, slightly, 16
March, 1865, at Averysborough, First lieutenant, 17
March, 1865. — See Commissioned Officers.
Hutchinson, James, — Wounded in shoulder, severely, 16
March, 1865, at Averysborough, In hospital at Worces-
ter, Mass., 28 July, 1865, when mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 465
Lennon, Thomas II. — Killed iu action, 30 July, 1861, in
front of Atlanta.
McCaffrey, Cornelius. — Discharged for disability, 25 Jan.,
1865.
Moore, Thomas. — Discharged for disability, . . April, 1864.
Wheeler, Austin E. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864; sergeant,
5 June, 1865 ; first sergeant, 1 July, 1S65. Taken pris-
oner, 29 Aug., 1864, near Atlanta. Mustered out.
WiGGix, John. — Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina cam-
paign. Discharged 30 June, 1865.
Wilson, Francis. — Corporal, 28 June, 1864; sergeant, 15
July, 1864. Killed in action, 16 March, 1865, at Averys-
borough, N.C.
recruits.
Allen, Henry T. 22. St. John's, N.S. Seaman. 23 June,
1864. New York. — Shelburne. — Corporal, 25 June,
1865.
Baker, John M. 26. Germany. Tailor. 8 Aug., 1864.
New York. — Chelmsford. — Absent sick. No further
record.
Bennet, Chester. 19. Rhode Island. Laborer. 7 July,
1864. Foster, R.I. — Chester. — Discharged 10 July,
1865.
Benson, George. 22. Ireland. Miller. 8 June, 1864.
Boston. — Northampton. — AYounded on picket, 1 Aug.,
1864, and died in consequence, 16 Aug., 1864.
Brandt, Ernest. 21. . . . Mechanic. 13 Jan., 1864.
Boston. — Fitchburg. — Acknowledged in report, May,
1865 ; no further i-ecord.
Browning, Daniel II. C. 27. Warwick, R.I. — Wool-
sorter. 27 June, 1864. Warwick, R.I. — Holyoke. —
Discharged by order of War Department, 30 May, 1865.
Campbell, Charles. 22. ... Engineer. 9 July, 1864.
New York. — Salisbury. — In hospital, July, 1865.
80
466 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Clark, John. 22. Rondout, N.Y. Boatman. 9 June,
1864. Rondout, N.Y. — Spencer. — Deserted 14 Aug.,
1864.
Clinton, Joseph. 22. Burlington, Vt. Laborer. 7 May,
1864. Burlington. — Lancaster. — In hospital at Evans-
ville at date of muster out.
Cunningham, James. 20 8 Sept., 1864.
Philadelphia, Penn. — Lowell. — Deserted 23 June, 1865.
DoHEKTT, John. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 23 July, 1864.
New Albany, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 7 Aug., 1864.
Eberhaedt, John. 24. ... Clerk. 28 Aug., 1864.
Northampton. — Northampton. — Mustered out.
FiNLEY, Luke. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 5 May, 1864.
New York. — Pembroke. — Deserted 25 June, 1865.
Gross (Grass?), Henry. 20. Germany. Laborer. 16
July, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Absent in hospital, 30
May, 1865, when mustered out.
Hanvin, Henry. 24. Hartford, Ct. Laborer. 18 May,
1864. West Roxbury. — Webster. — Deserted, in 1864,
from hospital.
Henry, Patrick. 20. Albany, N.Y. Laborer. 10 June,
1864. — New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 24 June, 1865.
Johnson, Lewis. 19. New York. , Carman. 30 April,
1864. New York. — Athol. — AVouuded in head, seriously,
16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; discharged in conse-
quence, 29 June, 1865.
Jones, Thomas. 35. London, Eng. Laborer. 9 June,
1864. Florida. — Chelsea. — Deserted 15 July, 1864.
KiRCHOFF, Rudolf. 23. Germany. Mason. 5 Aug.,
1864. New York. — Berkley. — Mustered out.
Lawrence, Jairus. 21. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker.
23 Feb., 1864. Bellingham. — Bellingham. — Died, 6
•March, 1865, at David's Island, N.Y.
Leahy, Daniel. 25. 9 Jan., 1865. Boston. —
. . . — Deserted 11 June, 1865.
Mahoney, John. 18. Cork, Ireland. Teamster. 10
March, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 467
Mallen, John. 18. Canada. Farmer. 23 June, 1864.
Dover, N.II. — Leicester. — Mustered out.
Martin (Masters?), George. 2S. New Durham, N.H.
Farmer. 18 May, 1864. ... — ... — Mustered out.
Martin, James. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 8 July, 1864.
Albany, N.Y. — South Danvers. — In hospital, 27 IMay,
1865, when discharged for disability.
Moore, Thomas. 22. Ireland. Moulder. 22 July, 1864.
York, Penn. — Chelsea. — Deserted 7 Aug., 1864.
Mullen, William. 32. Saratoga, N.Y. Laborer. 8 July,
1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Mustered out.
Norman, John. 24. Oyster Bay, N.Y. Boatman. 30
April, 1864. Oyster Bay, N.Y. — Boston. — Deserted 1 1
Aug., 1864.
O'Brien, Henry. 20. Ireland. Plumber. 6 July, 1864.
New York. — Lynn. — Deserted 25 June, 1865.
Pierce, George W. 28. New Bedford, Mass. Sailor. 4
June, 1864. Charlestown. — South Hadley. — Corporal,
7 Nov., 1864. Discharged in hospital, 25 May, 1865.
Riley, James. 21. New York. Butcher. 18 June, 1864.
New York. — Princeton. — Prisoner in the North-Carolina
campaign. Mustered out.
RiNE, Richard. 20. Philadelphia, Penn. Butcher. 27
May, 1864. Philadelphia, Penn. — Lee. — Deserted 23
Aug., 1864.
Ross, Lewis. 26. Germany. Waiter. 19 July, 1864.
North Andover. — Noi-th Andover. — Absent on furlough,
25 July, 1865, when mustered out.
Ryan, William. 24. Boston, Mass. Sailor. 30 June,
1864. Boston. — Holyoke. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Srery, Thomas B. 22. ... Farmer. 17 Feb., 1865.
Berlin, Ct. — Springfield. — Discharged by order of AVar
Department, 16 June, 1865.
Thompson, William. 22. Springfield, Mass. Farmer. 1
July, 1864. Springfield. — 3Ialden. — Deserted 7 Aug.,
1864.
468 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
TooMEY, Joseph. 21. ... Teamster. 19 Oct., 18G4.
Westfield. — Bridgewater. — Mustered out.
Turner, George. 2G. . . . Boatman. 14 Dec., 1864.
Pititsburg, Penn. — New Marlboro'. — Deserted 22 June,
1865.
Warren, Eugene T. 21. Saco, Maine. Whaler. 26
May, 1864. Biddeford, Me. — Dudley. — Deserted 11
Aug., 1864.
Welcome, Levi. 21. Canada. Laborer. 12 May, 1864.
Boston. — . . . — Mustered out.
Wilson, George. 20. Canada. Laborer. 10 May, 1864.
Brockville, C.W. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 10 Aug., 1864.
Prisoner, 27 Aug., 1864. Died, 12 March, 1865, at
Wilmington, N.C.
ZoPFiE, Frederick. 21. Switzerland. - Rope-maker. 3
May, 1864. Shelburne — Boston. — Died of chronic diar-
rhoea, 29 Aug., 1864, near Atlanta.
COMPANY K.
VETERANS.
Bishop, Milton. — Mustered out.
Clark, Joseph C. — Mustered out.
Clark, William W. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from B.
Mustered out.
Clary, Daniel. — Sergeant. — Discharged for disability, 6
Oct., 1864.
Daniels, William. — Mustered out.
Elder, John. — Mustered out.
Ellsworth, Thomas F. — Corporal. — Discharged, 19 Jan.,
1864, on receiving commission of second lieutenant in the
Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, dated 24 Oct., 1863. He be-
came first lieutenant, 20 June, 1864; captain, 1 Dec,
1864.
THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 469
Harris, George. — Corporal, 2 June, 1804. Transfered, 15
July, 1864, to H, which see.
Lord, Caleb II. — First sergeant. — Mortally wounded, 19
June, 18G4, near Kenesaw; died 29 June. Had been
appointed first lieutenant, 24 INIay, 18G4, but the commis-
sion had not reached him. — See Commissioned Officers.
McDonald, John. — Mustered out.
McIxTOSH, Augustus. — Corporal. — Wounded in head, seri-
ously, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; in hos[)ital, 27
July, 1865, when mustered out.
Miner, Addison G. — Mustered out.
MiJLLER, John F.— Corporal, 15 July, 1864. Mustered
out 26 July, 1865.
MuNROE, John. — Company musician. — Mustered out.
Peeler, David L. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864.
Mustered out.
Perkins, Lafayette. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864. Li hos-
pital, 17 June, 1865, when discharged.
Pratt, John A. — Company musician. — Mustered out.
Rivers, Lewis. — Color-corporal. — Corporal, 23 April,
1865, to 1 July, 1865. Mustered out.
Robinson, Delano. — Discharged in hospital, 14 July, 1865.
Snook, John F. — Mustered out.
SniixGER, WiUiam A. — Wounded in thigh, 15 May, 1864,
at Resaca. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps in
April, 1865.
Tenney, Albert. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C, which
see.
TuLLT, Prescott W. — ^Mustered out.
Tyk, James. — Died of pneumonia, 23 March, 1864, at Tul-
lahoma, Tenn
Vance, Loriu A. — Mustered out.
VoLL, Andrew. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 1 July, 1804.
Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mus-
tered in. — See Commissioned Officers. IMustered out.
Webber, George II. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to D,
which see.
470 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Weber, Frederick. — Taken prisoner in the North-Caro-
lina campaign. Mnstered out.
Welch, Tiiomas. — Mustered out.
RECRUITS.
BoHS, Bernhard. 21. Germany. Painter. 6 July, 1864.
Boston. — Chelsea. — Transferred from D. Sick in hospital,
6 Sept., 1864, and until mustered out, 26 July, 1865.
Brady, James. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 6 June, 1864.
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Northampton. ^ Deserted 2 July, 1864.
Bredshta, William. 26. Switzerland. Shoemaker. 6
June, 1864. France. — Kingston. — Mustered out.
Brookings, Charles S. 23. ... Painter. 5 Feb., 1864.
Winchester. — Winchester. — Mustered out.
Craven, John. 21. Ireland. Sailor. 7 July, 1864. Ire-
land. — Winchendon. — Died of brain fever, 9 Sept., 1864.
Davis, James. 21. ... Printer. 25 May, 1864. Bos-
ton. — Templeton. — No further record.
Davis, William. 36. ... Laborer. 25 May, 1864.
Springfield. — Dudley. — Deserted 21 June, 1865.
Hall, Thomas. 24. Manchester, England. Bookkeeper.
6 July, 1864. New York. — Lynn. — Deserted 31 June,
1864.
Horn, William F. 27. Germany. Cigar-maker. 20 July,
1864. New York. — North Andover. — Deserted 1 1 Aug.,
1864.
Levering, Silas. 33. Montreal, C.E. Laborer. 6 July,
1864. Canada. — Amesbury. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864.
Ludescher, Louis. 37. Austria. Farmer. 4 May, 1864^
New York. — Pembroke. — Died 10 April, 1865.
McCarthy, John. 21. Ireland. Farmer. 8 June, 1864.
Boston. — Boylston. — Deserted 30 Aug., 1864; arrested
2 Sept., 1864. In confineme*it.
Miles, John F. ... — Transferred from C ; no further
record.
THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 471
Miller, John. 21. Switzerland. Laborer. 13 June,
1864. France. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
Miner, Rosvvell E. 18. Lee, Mass. Farmer. 2G Jan.,
1864. Egremont. — P^gremont. — Mustered out.
QuiNN, John. 23. Ireland. Boiler-maker. 3 June, 1864.
Clifton, C.W. — Chelsea. — Prisoner, 5 Dec., 1864. Ab-
sent sick, 26 July, 18C5, when mustered out.
QuiXN, Thomas — " Recruit received " (July,
1864). No further record.
Smith, Peter. 34. Germany. Cook. 23 July, 1864.
Philadelphia, Penn. — Chelsea. — In hospital since 10
Aug., 1864.
VoLMER, Frederick. 32. Germany- Farmer, 4 May,
1864. Boston. — . . . — Mustered out.
Wagner, John. 33. Germany. Steward. 23 July, 1864.
New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 11 Aug., 1864.
WiLHELM, Eugene, 25. Prussia. Merchant. 16 May,
1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out.
Williams, John. 31. Canada. ' Apothecary. 6 July,
1864. Brockville, C.W. — Lynn. — Discharged for disa-
bility, 3 March, 1865.
THE NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.
S E RGE AN T-M A J R.
Blake, George W. 39. Bradford, Mass. Shoemaker. 25 May, 1861.
Boston. — A soldier in the United-States Army, serving in the
Florida and Mexican wars ; in Florida, Second United-States Dra-
goons ; in Mexico, cavalry and artillery. Sergeant-major, 25 May,
1861. Discharged for disability, on surgeon's certificate, 8 May,
1862.
Mann, Albert W. — From F, which see. Sergeant-major, 10 May,
1862 ; second lieutenant, 31 March, 1863. — See Commissioned Offi-
cers.
Richardson, Moses P. — From G, which see. Sergeant-major, 17
July, 1863. Re-enhsted 31 Dec, 1863. Appointed second lieuten-
ant in Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, 9 June, 1864, but declined. First
lieutenant, to date from 24 May, 1864. — See Covimissioned Officers.
Miles, William H. — From A, second term, which see. Sergeant-
major, 15 July, 1864; first lieutenant, 15 April, 1865. — See Com-
missioned Officers.
Thurston, Thomas B. — From D, second term, which see. Sergeant-
major, 1 July, 1865; second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not
mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out as sergeant-
major, 26 July, 1865.
QUARTERMASTER-SERGEANT.
Ater, Henry H. 42. ... Cabinet-maker. 25 May, 1861. Med-
field. — Acting quartermaster-sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Discharged,
1 July, 1861.
Fletcher, James H •. ... 1861. Of K. Boston. —
Quartermaster-sergeant, 1 July, 1861, to Oct., 1861. Re-assigned to
Comiiany K, Dec, 1861, which see.
THE XON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 473
Bkowning, George F. — From C, which see. Quartermaster-sergeant,
9 Oct., 1861; second lieutenant, 11 Feb., 1862. — See Commissioned
Officers.
BiNNEY, George L. — From H, whicli see. Was quartermaster's clerk
from 11 May, 1861 ; quartermaster-sergeant, 15 March, 1862 ;
second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers.
SrocKimiDGE, Lebbeus. — From K, which see. Master-wagoner from
3 Jujy, 1861 ; quartermaster-sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862, to 1 April, 1863,
Avhen absent in long-continued sickness. — See K again.
Emkrson, Asa W. — From C, which see. Quai-termaster-sergeant,
1 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. First lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not
mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out as quarter-
master-sergeant, 26 July, 1865.
COMMISSARY-SERGEANT.
Carll, Erastus B. 30. Unity, Me. Manufacturer. 11 May, 1861.
Boston. — A soldier in the Fourth United-States Artillery, 1850-55.
Commissary-sergeant, May, 1861 ; second lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862.
— See Commissioned Offiicers.
Howes, Edwin A. — From F, which see. Commissary-sergeant, 8
Dec, 1862. Re-enlisted. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. — See
Commissioned Officeis.
Casey, David. — From Company C, second term, which see. Com-
missary-sergeant, " for long and meritorious services," 1 July, 1864 ;
second lieutenant, 3 July, 1-865, but not mustered in. — See Com-
missioned Ojjicers. Mustered out as commissary-sergeant, 26 July,
1865.
HOSPITAL STEWARD.
Nutting, Joseph W. 29 ... Chemist. 25 May, 1861. Boston. —
Hospital steward, 25 May, 1861. Died of consumption, 14 Jan.,
1863, at Quincy, Mass., while on furlough.
Root, Warner A. — From G, which see. Hospital steward, 16 Feb.,
1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred to Regular Army as hospital stew-
ard, 31 March, 1865.
Kinsman, Frederick G. — From D, second term, which see. Hospital
attendant from 27 Nov., 1861 ; hospital steward, 1 July, 1865. Mus-
tered out as such, 26 July, 1865.
TRINXTI'AL MUSICIANS.
Kesseuiltii, Henry. 28. Brunswick, Germany. Musician. 25
Alay, 1861. Boston. — Had served in the Brunswick army in the
war of 1848. Drum-major, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, with regi-
mental band, 16 Aug., 1862.
474 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Spiegel, Charles. 35. Berlin, Prussia. Musician. 25 May, 1861.
Maiden. — Band-leader, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, with regi-
mental band, 16 Aug., 1862.
Carll, Alonzo W. — From A, which see. Company musician in A,
from 11 May, 1861 ; principal musician, 1 July, 1863. Mustered
out as such, 26 July, 1865.
II.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
George Henry Gordon, son of Robert and Elizabeth S. (Carlisle)
Gordon, was born in Chai'lestown, Mass., 19 Jnl}^, 182i. Was at
school at Framingham Academy ; appointed to West Point in 1842,
and graduated in 1846. Brevet second lieutenant, 1 July, 184G, in the
Mounted Rifles (Colonel Persifor F. Smith), and immediately sent to
Mexico. Was engaged in all the battles of General Scott, ti-om Vera
Cruz to the capital. Wounded at Cerro Gordo, and brevetted first
lieutenant, 18 April, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct in that
action." Was severely wounded, after the fall of the city, near Vera
Cruz. After recovery, he joined his regiment in Oregon, where it
protected the settlers against the hostile Indians, and after one year it
was sent to the frontier States, near the JNIississippi ; there, and on the
prairies and at tlie Rocky Mountains, he served until 1853, when he
was transferred to the Coast Survey, where he served a year. First
lieutenant in August, 1853 ; resigned 31 Oct., 1864. Studied law at
Cambridge Law School, and was admitted to practice in 1857.
His assistance in preparing the three-months ti'oops has been de-
scribed ; and his work in raising, organizing, and leading the Second
Massachusetts Infantrj-, of which he was commissioned colonel, 24
May, 1861. He was recommended, imanimously, by the Massachu-
setts delegation in Congress, in August, 1861, for ajjpointment as brig-
adier ; but did not receive it until he had compelled it by his energetic
and skilful service in Banks's retreat, where he commanded a brigade,
as he had for most of his term of service. He commanded the Third
Brigade, First Division, Twelfth Corps, at Cedar Mountain, Pope's
retreat, and Antietam. Early in 1863, his health failed. Partially
recovering, he was placed in command of a division, and participated
476 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
in the siege of Suffolk, and the movements, under General Dix, towards
Richmond ; and afterwards, with his division, in the Army of the Po-
tomac, in pursuit of Lee. Ordered (with his division) to join General
Gilmore, ho served at Folly Island and vicinity. In July, 18G4, was sent
to the Gulf, and was engaged on the Mississippi in keeping open com-
munications with General Steele, in Arkansas ; and afterwards under
General Granger, near Mobile, in connection with Farragut. Near the
close of 1864, he was selected by General Grant, " knowing," wrote
that general, " that no persuasion could make him swerve from duty,"
to command the district of East Virginia. He continued in that position
— headquarters at Norfolk — until relieved, in 1865, in consequence of
ill-health. Brevet major-general, 9 April, 1865; and mustered out,
24 April, 1865. He was appointed, in 1866, United-States Marshal for
Massachusetts. The history of the Second is a sufficient and enduring
sketch of his military abilities.
General Gordon was married, 16 June, 1864, to Miss Mary Eliza-
beth, daughter of the late Benjamin H. Scott.
George Leonard A>fDREws, son of Manasseh and Harriet (Leon-
ard) Andrews, was born in Bridgewater, Mass., 31 Aug., 1828. Edu-
cated in common and high schools, and graduated, in 1846, at the State
Normal School, at Bridgewater, then under the care of Nicholas Til-
linghast, a graduate of West Point. Being appointed to West Point, he
graduated in 1851, at the head of his class ; brevetted second lieutenant,
Engineer Corps, 1 July, 1851. He was assigned to duty as assistant
to Colonel Thayer, then in charge of the construction of Fort Warren,
in Boston Harbor, where he remained three years. In August, 1854,
he was ordered to West Point, as acting Assistant Professor in the De-
partment of Civil and Military Engineering, the Science of War, &c.
The then small pay of an officer was insufficient to support a family,
and he resigned, 1 Sept., 1855, to enter the service of the Araoskeag
Manufacturing Company, N.H., as engineer, where he remained until
1857. He then became, employed by the Government as a civil en-
gineer. In 1860, and to the opening of the war, he was connected
with a large business house in Boston.
He was tendered, on the appearance of hostilities, a position as col-
onel of one of the Massachusetts regiments, and also (from Washing-
ton) the i^lace of paymaster, but preferred to accept the commission of
lieutenant-colonel (24 May, 1861) of the Second. His influence in shap-
ing the regiment, and his work as commander, are already described
in this book. He commanded the regiment in Bank's retreat, Cedar
Mountain, Pope's campaign, and Antietam. Appointed brigadier-
general, 9 Nov., 1862, and assigned to duty with General Banks, then
preparing for New Orleans, in which work he rendered good service.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 477
Was cliief-of-staff to General Banks for some period ; and was, after
tlie reduction of Port Hudson, assigned to the organization and com-
mand of the Corps d'Afrique, in whicli position liis abihties were of
great value. He served in that department or vicinity until the close
of tlic war. Was brevetted major-general, 26 March, 18G5 ; and was
lionorably discharged, 24 Aug., 1865.
He was married, 21 Dec, 1853, to Sara Bridge Fisk. Cliildren :
Helen Bridge, born 27 Sept., 1851; Percy, born 23 Jan., 1857; Artimr
Dearborn, born 16 May, 1860.
Wilder Dwigiit, son of William and Elizabeth A. (White)
Dwight, was born in Springfield, Mass., 23 April, 1833. Fitted for
college at Phillips Academy, Exeter, N.H. ; and graduated at Harvard
College, with high rank, in 1853. Entered the Law School the same
year; but went to Europe in 1855, where he remained fifteen months.
He read law in the offices of Caleb Cushing, Ebenezer K. Hoar, and
Horace Gray, jun. ; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and began prac-
tice in 1858. " After more than a score of years spent in courts," says
Hon. J. G. Abbott, "almost living in them, ... I can only say, without
being invidious to my friends around me, I never knew so young a
person, in the wliole of my acquaintance, or in the whole length <m
breadth of the Commonwealth, whose future had more promise than
the future of Colonel Dwight." On the approach of M'ar, he resigned
all his prospects. Early deliberating upon the best means of forming a
regiment, his plans fell in with those of Colonel Gordon. His success in
raising the regimental fund, his errand to the Secretary of War, and
his efficiency in the formation of the regiment, have been described in
earlier pages. He was appointed major, 24 May, 1861 ; lieutenant-
colonel, 13 June, 1862. He commanded the rear-guard in the various
skirmishes of tlie 24th of May, 1862. " Our major," wrote an officer,
" has won for himself the heartfelt admiration of the regiment. His
indomitable pluck and sangfroid were beautiiul." In passing through
Winchester, he became a prisoner, while advancing to assist a woun-
ded soldier ; but was soon paroled. He rejoined tiie regiment near
Damascus, on the march to Antietam. He fell at Antietam, and died
on the lytii of September, 1862. While mortally wounded, opening
his eyes after a period of exhaustion, and finding the chaplain bending
over him, he said, " It is all right, Mr. Chaplain, I know I am done for ;
but I want you to understand I don't flinch a hair. I should like to live
a few days, so as to see my father and mother. . . . But apart from
tliat, if God calls for me this minute, I am ready to go."
His genial (lualities, care of the men, coolness, endurance, and
eminent ability, had won, equally, respect and affection.
He was buried in Brookhne, six companies of the Massachusetts
Forty-fourth doing escort duty.
478 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
On the 24th of September, the members of the Suffolk Bar assem-
bled in large numbers, on a call from Sydney Bartlett, Benjamin R.
Curtis, Josiah G. Abbott, and Richard H. Dana, jun., who were ad-
dressed by Mr. Abbott, Josiah Quincy, jun., Mr. Dana, F. E. Parker,
and Horace Gray, jun., and adopted resolutions, which were presented
at tlie October term of the Supreme Judicial Court, Mr. Justice Hoar
presiding, by Hon. J. G. Abbott, who introduced his motion to enter
them on the records, with appropriate remarks.
The proceedings of the Bar, and at the term of Court, were pri-
vately printed. A sketch of his life appears in the " Harvard Memo-
rial," i. 271-293.
Lucius Manlius Sargent, son of Lucius M. and Sarah C. (daugh-
ter of Samuel Dunn), was born in Boston, Mass., 15 Sept., 1826.
In 1844, he entered Harvard College, but ended liis connection in the
second year. He received, however, the degree of A.M. with his
class. Studying medicine, he graduated at the Harvard Medical
School, in 1857. As a physician and surgeon, he was a man of rare
promise.
On the breaking out of the rebellion, he promptly offered his ser-
ijces as surgeon of the Second, and was appointed 28 May, 1861.
His fiiithfulness and success will long be remembered by the men of
the regiment. He was offered the place of brigade-surgeon ; but
resigned his medical commission, and accepted, 31 Oct., 1861, that of
captain in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, under Colonel Robert
Williams. Long before he became a field-officer, it was said that " no
more thoroughly exact soldier, in the theory of regimental cavalry
tactics and evolutions, existed out of the French service." In recon-
noissance, the lamented General Stevens esteemed him as of the first
among volunteers.
He was promoted major, 2 Jan., 18G4 ; lieutenant-colonel, 30 Sept.,
1864. Was severely wounded, near the region of the heart, at Aldie,
17 June, 1863, and left for dead upon the field. But he returned to
service after a few weeks' absence, with his wound unhealed. At
Bellfield, Va., 9 Dec, 1864, " in a most gallant charge, contributing in
an eminent degree to the success of the late movement," says General
Davies, he fell in front of his column, " sword in hand," and in two
hours expired.
Colonel Sargent was married, 22 Sept., 1847, to Letitia Sullivan,
daughter of Jonathan Amory, Esq., of Jamaica Plain. She and four
children surviA^e him.
An obituary was published in the " Boston Advertiser," 20 Dec,
1864, and one in the " Harvard Memorial," i. 142-146.
Francis Leland, son of Joseph P. and Tryphena (daughter of Dr.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 479
Abijah Eicharrlson, a surgeon in the Kcvolutionary army), was born in
Sherborn; Mass. Graduated at Brown University in 1838. Studied
medicine at the Tremont Medical Scliool, and graduated M.D., Har-
vard, 1842, and commenced practice in Milford, wlierc he still resides.
He was appointed surgeon in the Second, 11 Oct., 1861. AVas himself
wounded in tiie head, wliile attending to the wounded on tlie field of
battle at Cedar Mountain. He soon returned to duty, but subsequent
impaired health proved inade(iuate, and he resigned 2-i Oct., 1862.
His kindness, faithfulness, and skill are gratefully remembered.
Lincoln Ripley Stone was born in Bridgeton, Me., 5 Aug.,
1832; son of (Rev.) Thomas T. and Laura (Poor) Stone. Studied
medicine with Dr. William Mack, of Salem ; graduated M.D., Har-
vard, in 1854, and practised in Salem. Was commissioned assistant-
surgeon in the Second, June 1, 1861, and immediately went to Camp
Andrew. In August, 1861, he was temporarily detached to the hos-
pital at Hagerstown. Was in charge of the large hospital at Fred-
erick, Md., in the winter of 1861-62. When Banks was at Harris-
burg, he was in charge of the hospital (built by the rebels) at Mount
Jackson, and afterwards at Strasburg. When Jackson entered Win-
chester, Dr. Stone became a prisoner, remaining at the post of du*y.
His brave conduct at Antietam insured Ids promotion, which was
dated Nov. 7, 1862. When Shaw left the Second to become colonel of
the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, Surgeon Stone was transferred to that
regiment, and was on duty in the events when Shaw fell. He was
afterwards appointed assistant-surgeon of volunteers, and surgeon of
volunteers, 3 Dec., 1863, and was placed in charge of different hospi-
tals until the close of the war. He was mustered out in 1865.
He was married, 17 Feb., 1864, to Harriet Hodges, of Salem.
William Henry Heath, son of Douglas M. and Rebecca
(Currier) Heatli, was born in Epsom, N.H., 19 IMarch, 1829. Read
medicine with Dr. Edward Moore, of Boston, and graduated M.D.,
Harvard, in 1853. Commenced practice, in 1854, in Stoneham, Mass.
When news came tliat both the surgeons were made prisoners in
Banks's retreat, Dr. Heath was summoned to Boston by the surgeon-
general. He consented to leave that afternoon, and did so without
returning to his home. He joined near Bartonsville, 3 June, 1862,
and soon accepted, 27 July, 1862, the place of second assistant-sur-
geon. He was appointed surgeon, 24 April, 1863. He served with
great faithfulness and zeal, being distinguished as a very careful and
skilful operator. His health failed before Atlanta, in consequence of
his untiring attention to duty. He was sent back to hospital on Look-
out IMouutain, and died 23 Aug., 1864. He was buried at Stoneham,
Mass.
480 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
He was married, 22 Aug., 1861, to Delia Maria Belknap, of Stone-
ham.
Alonzo Hall Quint, onl}' son of George and Sally W. (Hall)
Quint, was born in Barnstead, N.H., 22 March, 1828. Fitted for
college at Franklin Academy, Dover, N.H. ; graduated Dartmouth,
1846; studied medicine a year and a half; entered Andover Theo-
logical Seminary in 1849, graduated in 1852, and remained a year for
further study. Was ordained pastor of the Mather (Trinitarian Con-
gregational) Church at Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury, Mass., 27 Dec,
1853. Was member of the State Board of Education, 1855 to 1861 ;
member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, New-England His-
toric-Genealogical Society, and corresponding member of New-
Hampshire and New-York Historical Societies. Early in June, 1861,
was appointed chaplain of the Second, for which his church gave him
leave of absence for two years. Was commissioned 20 June. Was se-
verely sick in 1863, in consequence of " exposure in the line of duty,"
from which he did not recover completely, though returning in Au-
gust. In the Atlanta camimign, partly by advice of surgeon, and
partly from other considerations, availed himself of the opportunity to
be mustered out. Was settled over the North Congregational Church,
New Bedford, Mass., 21 July, 1864. Received the degree of D.D.,
from Dartmouth, in 1866.
Mr. Quint was married 31 Jan., 1864, to Rebecca P., daughter of
Allen Putnam, Esq., of Salem. Children : George Putnam, born
21 Oct., 1854, died 15 Nov., 1855; Clara Gadsden, born 23 July, 1858 ;
Wilder Dwight, born 15 Nov., 1863.
James Wightman, son of Joseph Wightman (Mayor of George-
town, Prince-Edward Island), was born in Georgetown, Prince-Ed-
ward Island, 1 April, 1840. He came to Boston in 1858 ; read medi-
cine with Dr. Campbell, of East Boston, and graduated at Harvard
Medical School in 1862. He was appointed second assistant-surgeon
in the Second, 19 March, 1862, and joined for duty on tlie 28th. In
the battle of Chancellorsville he did faithful service ; and after it, was
assigned to duty at Acquia Creek hospital, where his unremitting la-
bors, added to the previous exposures, induced typhoid fever, of which
he died, at Washington, 15 June, 1863.
William Nichols, Jun., son of (Dr.) William and Rebecca (Dona-
hoe) Nichols, was born in Boston, Mass., 10 Dec, 1840. Fitted for
college at Boston Latin School, and Brookline High School ; but his
health failing, went to Fayal. He read medicine with Dr. Josiah
Curtis, of Boston, and took his degree at Harvard in 1861. Was em-
ployed in medical service with the army from 10 April, 1862, to 20
April, 1863 ; was appointed assistant-surgeon in the Second, 5 May,
liE^oiX.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 481
18G3. He served at Gettysburg, with great bravery and zeal ; and in
tlie campaigns to Atlanta (on the field at llesaca) and Savannah. He
was appointed surgeon, 27 Sept., 18G4, but accepted instead the posi-
tion of surgeon of the Third Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 9 l^ec,
18G4, with which he served, as well as in charge of medical service in
the forts about Washington, until he was mustered out, 18 Sept.,
1865.
Curtis Emt:rson Munn, son of ApoUos and Elmira Munn, was
born in Windsor, Vt., 2 Feb., 1836. Was civil engineer, but studied
medicine with Dr. James Holland, Westfield, Mass., and graduated at
Harvard Medical School in 1863. Was appointed assistant-surgeon,
Twenty-seventh Massachusetts, 3 July, 1863; surgeon in the Second,
5 Dec, 1864, joining at Savannaii. Mustered out with the regi-
ment.
Charles Wheaton, Jun., was born in Warren, E.I., 31 May,
1835 ; son of Charles and (....) Wheaton. He was
educated at the Collegiate Institute, in Warren, and had entered on
mercantile business in Boston, Mass., when the war commenced. He
was appointed adjutant, being commissioned first-lieutenant May 28, —
some time after having entered upon his duties at Camp Andrew.
Declining promotion in the line, he continued to be adjutant, until de-
tailed upon the staff of General Gordon in early summer in 1862.
Being appointed commissary of subsistence, with the rank of captain,
17 July, 1862, he was assigned to duty with General Gordon; he was
afterwards chief-commissary of General Weitzel's Corps, and entered
Richmond with that General. With him, also, he went to Texas.
He served until the end of the war.
Robert Morris Copeland, son of Benjamin F. and Julia (Rug-
gles) Copeland, was born in Roxburj', Mass., 11 Dec, 1880. Was in
business when why approached. Appointed quartermaster of the Sec-
ond about 22 April, 1861 ; commissioned 28 May. Obtained Brook
Farm, West Roxbury, for camp ground, and had the entire work of
procuring supplies, &c. His unwearied and faithful industry, together
with liis business ability', proved of great use. In August, 1861, he was
detailed as aide to General Banks ; and, 27 Nov., appointed assistant
aujutaiit-gcncral, with rank of Major. He served with General Banks
while he remained in service. At the battle of Kernstown, in March,
1862, his gallantry was conspicuous. His strong sympathies with the
movements against slavery led him to seek a transfer to the command
of General Hunter; but, on the 6th of August, 1862, he was suddenly
dismissed the service, by order of the Secretary of War, on the alleged
ground of having " violated an important trust ; " a charge which
Senator Sumner, after full examination, pronounced unjust. All
31
482 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
eflTorts to obtain a hearing, tliough aided by Governor Andrew and
some of the most eminent citizens of Massaclmsetts, failed. " His
fellow-citizens knew him too well to believe him guilty of dishonorable
conduct." That the charge was unjust, appears perfectly clear. A
full account is given in a pamphlet.
He was married, 29 June, 18-54:, to Josephine Gannett Kent. Chil-
dren : Frederick Kent, born 22 Aug., 1855; Kobert Morris, born 29
Aug., 1857, died 9 Sept., 1858; Ella Bradford, born 30 Nov., 1858;
Kobert James, born 8 Jan., 18G1 ; Josephine Eussell, born 28 Sept.,
1865, died 22 May, 1866.
IFkancis Henry Tuckee, son of William (late of Boston) and
Mary Ann (Kirkly) Tucker, was born in Boston, Mass., 28 Feb.,
1830. Removed to St. Louis, Mo., in 1815 ; was in business there
until March, 1861. Captain in the Second, 24 May, 1861; resigned
12 Dec, 1861.
Gkeely Stevenson Curtis, son of James F. and ...(...)
Curtis, was born in Boston, Mass., 21 Nov., 1830. Was in the public
Latin School two years, and a year and a half in the Scientific School
at Cambridge. Engineer from 1848 to 1851 ; and subsequently in
California, the East Indies, and Canada. Captain, 24 May, 1861 ;
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, 31 Oct., 1861 ; lieutenant-
colonel, 30 Oct., 1862. He was in command of that regiment in the
action at Kelley's Ford, 17 March, 1863, and in the various actions
and movements 'up to the middle of July. Disability, from disease,
forced him to resign, 4 March, 1864.
James Savage, jun., only son of (Uon.) James and Elizabeth Otis
(Stillraan) Savage, was born in Boston, Mass., 21 April, 1832. Fitted
for college at the Boston Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in
1854. After passing a year in Europe, being in poor health, he settled
upon a farm, in Ashby, Mass. At the first shot, he determined to
enter the service ; and becoming associated witli Colonel Gordon, began
to enlist Company D. Captain, 24 May, 1861 ; rendered good service
with Company D in Banks's retreat, botli on the road and as skir-
mishers, on tlie 25th of May. Major, 13 June, 1862. In the battle of
Cedar Mountain, his horse was shot under him ; and, very soon after,
he was wounded by the flank fire of the enemy, being struck by two
balls, one of which broke the upper bone of the right arm near the
shoulder, and the other shattered the lower bone of the right leg. He
1 From this point, the names occur in the order of rank, except that first lieu-
tenants AYheaton and Copeland (adjutant and quartermaster) were understood to
follow the original ten captains. The rank, on the regimental books, was determined
by date of muster, not date of commission.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 483
was taken prisoner, and carried first to a farm-liouse in tlie neighbor-
hood, and afterwards to a hospital in Charlottesville, wliere his brother-
in-law. Professor William B. Kogers, had formerly resided, as professor
in the University, and where attached friends were not unmindful of
the claims and duties of that friendship. The nature of his wounds
made it necessary' that both the arm and the leg should be ampu-
tated : upon the latter the operation was successfully performed, and
that upon the former was delayed till the exhausted system might
gain strength enough to bear the new drain upon its energies. At
first, the symptoms were favorable, but it proved that his system could
not meet the demands which were made upon it, and he died, 22 Oct.,
1802. His promotion to the rank of lieutenant-colonel took place after
he was made a prisoner, on 17 Sept., 1862.
All wlio knew him can appreciate the following extract from the
" Boston Advertiser : " —
" He was as gentle as he was brave. He had a heart of feminine
tenderness, and a character of feminine purity. He shrank from no
danger or exposure himself; but he was always thoughtful and consid-
erate for others. He was a fine combination of the gentleman, the
Christian, and the soldier, carrying into tlie profession of arras, and
maintaining, amid scenes of blood and violence, the high sense of
duty, the disinterestedness, the elevated tone, which ensure confidence
and respect in the avocations of peace."
A sketch of his life is given in " Harvard Memorial," i. pp. 328-
350.
Edward Gardiner Abbott, son of (Hon.) Josiah G. and Caroline
(Livermore) Abbott, was born in Lowell, Mass., 29 Sept., 1840. Was
fitted for college at Lowell Higli School, and graduated at Harvard in
1860. He commenced reading law with Samuel A. Brown, Esq., of
Lowell. The day after the attack of the Baltimore mob upon the Sixth
regiment, he commenced raising a company in Lowell, which was im-
mediately filled, and organized under the militia laws. His company
was the first to go to Camp Andrew, — on 11 May, 1861. Commission
dated, 21 May. He was actively engaged in the skirmishes and
battle of " Banks's Retreat." His company was engaged as skir-
mishers at Cedar Mountain, where he was killed, 9 Aug., 1862, by
a ball striking him in the neck. His body was sent home for burial.
The funeral services took place in Emanuel Church, Boston, 17
Aug., 1862. The exercises at the church consisted of the usual
Episcopal burial-service, conducted by Rev. Dr. Edson, of Lowell,
and Rev. Charles Grafton, of Baltimore ; with a few touching remarks
on the virtues of the deceased, by his old pastor. Dr. Edson. A dele-
gation of the city government of Lowell was present, having arrived
484 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
by a special train from Lowell. At the reqiiest of many friends, the
parents of the deceased consented to have the remains buried at
Lowell.
The whole population of Lowell, and many from surroimding towns,
turned out to witness the funeral cortege, and to pay the last tribute
of respect to one who, in the flush of manhood, tendered his services
to the government in the first hour of her danger, and gallantly per-
formed his duty until the fatal bullet deprived the country of one of
her bravest sons. Of fine abilities, brave, manly, and true, his loss
was greatly deplored.
In « addition to appreciative notices published in the Boston and
Lowell newspapers, a sketch of his hfe is given in " Harvard Memo-
rial," ii. pp. 82-96.
Samuel Miller Quincy, son of (Hon.) Josiah Quincy, jun., and
Mary Jane (Miller) Quincy, was born in Boston, Mass., 13 June,
1833. Fitted for college in the school of W. H. Brooks, and gradu-
ated at Harvard in 1852. Read law in the ofiice of P. W. Chandler,
and was admitted to practice in 1855. Was one of the editors (with
Hon, John Lowell) of the " Law Reporter." In 1861, he was a member
of the House of Representatives, from Ward 4, Boston ; and it was
during this service that he was commissioned as captain, 24 May.
At the battle of Cedar Mountain, he was wounded in two places ; the
wound in the foot proved severe, and permanently injurious. He was
taken prisoner at the same time, was carried to Stanton, and then
to Libby Prison, Richmond, where he endured hardships which, with
his wound, severely taxed his strength. Paroled, he arrived in Wash-
ington in October, 1862, but he was entirely unable to return to duty
until 6 March, 1863. He was a captain when he had last seen the
regiment; he returned — such had been the losses — as colonel, hav-
ing been promoted major, 17 Sept., 1862, and colonel, 9 Nov., 1862.
Commanded the regiment in the Chancellorsville campaign and battle,
and returned with it to Stafford Court-house. But the hardships of
that movement satisfied him that he had, in his earnestness, entirely
over-estimated his strength, — weakened by the wounds from which
he still suffered, and by his captivity. Unwilling to retain a posi-
tion whose duties he could not fully disch.arge, and in the hope of
obtaining a staff position, where he could be useful with less hard-
ship, till he should regain his health, he resigned the colonelcy, 2 June,
1863. He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Seventy-third
United-States Colored Troops, 20 Oct., 1863, and detailed as inspector
on the staff of General Andrews, at Port Hudson. Colonel, 21 May,
1864, and transferred (by consolidation) to the Ninety -sixth ; and, on
the muster-out of that regiment, colonel of the Eighty-first United-
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 485
States Colored Troops, 5 Jan., 18GG. On 13 March, 1865, he was
brevetted brigadier-general, " for gaUant and meritorious services dur-
ing the war."
Richard Gary, youngest cliild of (Hon.) Thomas Graves and Mary
(Perkins) Gary, was born in Boston, Mass., 27 June, 1835, — and named
for Colonel Richard Gary, who served on the staff of General Wash-
ington. Was educated at the Boston Latin School. At seventeen, he
was sent South for his health, and formed, in Mobile, Ala., pleasant
relations, which led him, a few years later, to select that city for his
residence. 25 Oct., 1858, he was married to Helen Eugenia, daughter
of Pliilo S. Shelton, Esq., of Boston, and returned to Mobile, where
he had entered into the firm of D. A. Dwight & Co., commission-
merchants. In 1860, he left this firm, and commenced business for
himself in New Orleans. He returned North in March, 1861, and
entered the service as soon as possible. Captain in the Second, 24
May, 1861, in command of Company G. He served in Banks's re-
treat, and at Cedar Mountain, where, 9 Aug., 1862, he was mortally
wounded. He lived until the following day, lying upon the field in
the hands of the enemy, but watched by the faithful Williston, first
sergeant of his company, also mortally wounded. He died without
pain. His body was sent home, and buried from Trinity Church, 18
Aug., 1862. The bod}', which was hermetically sealed in a metallic
coffin, enclosed in a casket, was borne to the church from the resi-
dence of Mr. Quincy Sliaw, No. 26, Mount- Vernon Street. The casket
was draped with tlie American flag. The burial service of the Epis-
copal Church was read, after which the minister made a brief address.
The remains M-ere buried at Moimt Auburn. No person in the Second
enjoyed more respect than tliis inanly, honorable, and capable officer.
William Cogswell, son of George (M.D.j and Abigail (Parker)
Cogswell, was born in Bradford, Mass., 23 Aug., 1838. Fitted for
college at Kimball Union Academy, Plainfield, N.H., and at Phillips
Academy, Andover, Mass. Entered Dartmouth in 1855, but left in
1856. Went to sea, and was gone fifteen months. Began to read law
in 1858, and received the degree of LL.B., at Cambridge, in 1860 ;
admitted to practice in 1860, and opened an office in Salem. On the
morning of 20 April, 18(Jl, he began to recruit a company, which was
speedily filled, and went into camp on Winter Island on the 22d.
May 14, it arrived at Camp Andrew, as part of the Second. His
commission was dated May 24. In Banks's retreat, his services, and
those of Company C, have been mentioned. In the autumn of 1862,
he was in command of the regiment ; and, on the 23d of October, he
was promoted from captain to lieutenant-colonel. At Sharpsburg, his
expedition over the river has been referred to. At the battle of Chan-
488 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^iNTRT.
Fitted for college in the school of Thomas G. Bradford, of Boston,
and graduated at Harvard in 1860. He immediately began an educa-
^tion for manufacturing ; but, on the approach of the war, he was active
in raising a company, obtaining many men in Lynn and Swampscott,
near his father's home in the summer. First lieutenant, 28 May,
1861 ; captain, 8 July. x\t Winchester he was wounded in the leg.
He was hit by a bullet at Antietam, which pierced all his clotliing
and cut the skin, but did not disable him. Major, 9 Nov., 1862, and
lieutenant colonel, 6 June, 1863. After Colonel Quincy's resignation,
and in the absence of Lieutenant-colonel Cogswell in consequence of
wounds, he was in command of the regiment, and as such led it in the
action near Brandy Station, 9 June, and at Gettysburg. Its history at
that place is already given. It was after saying, " It's murder ; but
it's the order," he bravely led the regiment onward. But, halfway
across the meadow, he fell dead. His body was sent home, and buried
in the cemetery at Lynn, after a funeral service in Emanuel Church,
Boston (Rev. Dr. Huntington officiating), where he had been con-
firmed a few months previous. Not twenty-four years of age, but
manly, and judicious, and of course brave. A valuable memorial was
privately jirinted, and a sketch appears in " Harvard Memorial," ii.
151-162.
* William Blackstonb Williams, son of Moses and Mary (daugh-
ter of Thomas Blake, an officer of the Kevolutionary army), was
born in Boston, Mass., 18 Sept., 1830; removing to Jamaica Plain in
1832. Educated at the public schools, and in drawing and mathe-
matics under private teachers. Studied a year in the office of Mr.
Whitney, civil engineer ; was employed on the Western Railroad, and
assistant-engineer on the Cleveland and Columbus Railroad, where
he continued until 1850, wlien he was selected as one of tlie corps of
engineers to survey a railway route across the Isthmus of Tehuante-
pec, in which he crossed from ocean to ocean. After a year, the sur-
vey was abandoned ; he returned, and engaged with others in building
sections of the Maysville and Big-Shanty Road ; and then as a con-
tractor on the Mobile and Ohio Road. After finishing his contracts, he
went to Europe in 1858, where he spent a year and a half. Soon after
his return, the rebellion broke out. He entered the service as first
lieutenant, commissioned 28 May, 1861, Company E. He was in
Banks's retreat, and at Cedar Mountain, where he was killed, 9 Aug.,
1862. Generous and upright, cool, reflective, sagacious, resolute in
purpose, courageous, it was no common loss, as a man and an officer.
His remains were sent home, and buried, 17 Aug.
Said the " Boston Journal " of the 18th of August : " The funeral
services of this brave and popular officer, who fell at the battle of Cedar
>-w^^
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 489
Mountain, were observed in the Unitarian Cliurcli at Jamaica Plain,
yesterday afternoon. Tlie otlier cliurches were closed, out of respect
to the deceased. The casket, draped with the American flag and
covered with the most exquisite flowers, rested upon a table in front
of the pulpit. Over the casket was placed Captain Williams's sword,
on which was a beautiful cross of white flowers, with the hilt just
visible at the top. The pulpit was also draped with the national flag.
The services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Thompson, the pastor,
who gave a discourse [printed] in which the character, life, and death
of Captain Williams were dwelt upon, and an appreciative considera-
tion given to the cause, objects, and results of the war, in which so
many brave lives are sacriflced. After the services, the remains were
borne to Forest-Hills Cemetery."
" In whom," well said Dr. Thompson, " all the elements of genu-
ine manliness were mixed in due proportion, and compacted into a
stature — physical, intellectual, and moral — of rare beauty and com-
pleteness ; a soldier worthy of his name, without a stain upon his life
to make his father sad or ashamed. Born to the prospective inheri-
tance of ample wealth, he scorned the indolent efleminacy which such
a condition too often induces. Though opposed to the political party
which brought the Administration into power, yet he saw at a glance
that there was but one course for a patriot like himself to take ; and
that was, to devote his energies and his life, without reserve or stint,
to the defence and preservation of the national existence thus auda-
ciously imperilled."
Henuy Sturgis Russell, son of George R. and Sarah (daughter
of Robert G. Shaw) Russell, was born in Dorchester, Mass., 21 June,
1838. Fitted for college under the care of Epes S. Dixwell, and
graduated at Harvard in 18G0. First lieutenant, 28 May, 1861 ; cap-
tain, 13 Dec, 1861. He was taken prisoner at Cedar Mountain,
9 Aug., 1862. Was appointed colonel of the Fifth IMassachusetts
Cavalr}', 5 April, 1864, and served in Virginia. He was wounded, in
the shoulder, at Bailor's farm, before Petersburg, Va., 15 June, 1864.
Was honorably discharged, 1-5 Feb., 1865. Was married, 6 ^lay,
1863, to Mary Hathaway, daughter of John M. Forbes. Children:
James Savage, born 8 March, 1864 ; Ellen Forbes, born 30 Dec,
18G5.
Marcus Morton Hawes, son of William and Maria (daughter of
Governor Marcus Morton) Hawes, was born in New Bedford, Mass.,
23 Sept., 1836. Removed to Boston in 1844. Fitted for college in the
Boston Latin School and in the care of Epes S. Dixwell, and gradu-
ated at Harvard in 1858. He was in commission business until the
war. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1861. Was acting-quartermaster, 12
490 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Aug., 18G1, and appointed to tliat place, Nov. 27. On the 31st of
March, 1862, lie was acting brigade-commissary, and was appointed
assistant-qnartermastcr, with the rank of captain, 17 July, 1862. He
was with General Gordon mitil November, when lie was assigned to
duty with General Andrews, then about to go South in the expedition
of General Banks. He assisted in the preparations at New York, and
went to New Orleans in January, 1863. Was subsequently assigned
to duty with the chief quartermaster, and served until February, 1865,
when his resignation was accepted. He remained in business in New
Orleans.
George Pemberton Bangs, son of George P. (late of Boston)
and Elizabeth (Simpkins) Bangs, was born in Boston, Mass., 29 July,
1885. Fitted for college under a private tutor, and entered Amherst ;
but removed to the Scientific School at Cambridge, where he studied
a year. In 1855-56, he sailed to California and the East Indies ; and
in 1857 travelled in Europe. First lieutenant in the Second ; com-
missioned, 28 May, 1861; captain, 13 June, 1862; wa.s in the battles
of Winchester, Cedar Mountain, and Antietam ; but resigned 29
March, 1863, on account of continued disease, contracted in the line
of duty.
William Dwigiit Sedgavick, only son of Charles and Elizabeth
(Dwiglit) Sedgwick, was born in Lenox, Mass., 27 June, 1831. Fit-
ted for college, — one year at a French school in New York, and at
Stockbridge and Lenox ; and graduated at Harvard in 1851. He spent
tlie winter in a law office ; then went to Europe, where he remained
seventeen months, studying at the universities of Gottingen and Bres-
lau ; returning, spent a j-ear at the Cambridge Law School, and com-
menced practice in St. Louis, Mo. He returned to enter the service ;
first lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861. Ordnance officer of the
division, 14 Aug. ; was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with
the rank of captain, 16 Sept., 1861, and placed on the staff of Gen-
eral Sedgwick, with whom he served with distinguished ability. He
was promoted major, 7 Aug., 1862. In the battle of Antietam, he
was mortally wounded, dying 29 Sept., at Keedysville.
He married, in 1857, at Hanover, German}', Louisa Frederica,
daughter of Professor A. Tellkampf, of that i)Iace.
A sketch of his life appears in " Harvard Memorial," i. 179-189.
Charles Fessenden IMorse, son of Robert M. and Sarah M.
(daughter of Fessenden Clarke) Morse, was born in Boston, Mass.,
22 Sept., 1839. Graduated at the Cambridge Scientific School (B. S.)
in 1857, and for three j'ears was occupied as architect. He took an
active part in the formation of the Second ; first lieutenant, 28 May,
1861. Either with the regiment or on staff of a general officer, he
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 491
was in every action of the regiment. Captain, 11 July, 18G2; major,
6 June, 18G3; lieutenant-colonel, 4 July, 18G3. Was provost-marshal
of the Twelfth Corps in the Chanccllorsville campaijin, and was pres-
ent with General Slocum at Chancellor House ; and held the same
position until the consolidation of the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps, early
in 186i. Wiien that took place, he returned to the regiment, of which
he was repeatedly in command ; on the campaign to\^ards Atlanta,
and from 16 Jan., 1865, the time of Colonel Cogswell's brevet as brig-
adier, he continued in command. As such, lie was in the battle of
Averysborough, IG March, 18G4, where he was seriously wounded in the
shoulder. He led home the regiment in June, 1865. Commissioned
colonel, by the Governor, 24 July, 18G5; and was brevetted colonel
by the President, " for gallant and meritorious service, during the
recent campaigns in Georgia and the Carolinas, a colonel of volun-
teers by brevet, to rank as such from the 13th day of March, a.d.
186.5." \
Thomas Lawrexce Motley, son of Thomas and Maria B. (Davis)
Motley, was born in Boston, Mass., 23 Sept., 1835. Was two years
on a voyage to China. At the breaking out of the war, went to Fort
Independence, as a member of the New-England Guards. First lieu-
tenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861. Dec. 25, 1861, he was com-
missioned captain in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; was promoted
to be major, 5 March, 18G2. He was severely wounded in right
leg and the right arm, at Ashland, Va., 11 May, 1864, in Sheridan's
movement; he has never entirelj' recovered the use of his arm.
Was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of major;
and mustered out, 1 Sept., 1866.
Edwin Ruthven Hill, son of Benjamin and Anstiss Peirce (Lane)
Hill, was born in Salem, IVIass., 18 April, 1826. He served in the war
with Mexico, and there contracted disease which never entirely left
him. First lieutenant (Company C), 28 May, 1861. Resigned from
disability, 29 Nov., 1861. Upon partial recovery, he served, in the
Salem Cadets, six months at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor. He after-
wards enlisted in the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, and was com-
missioned 21 Sept., 1864. He fell in action, 9 Dec, 1864.
The "Boston Transcript" said: "First lieutenant Edwin B. Hill,
Fifty -fifth Massachusetts (and acting aide on the second brigiTde staff),
was killed near the Charleston and Savannah Railroad, on the 9th
instant, by a shot through the thigh, severing the artery, and caus-
ing hemorrhage that proved fatal before a surgeon could be procured,
Lieutenant Hill being at the very front. A correspondent writes from
Hilton Head that this young ofKcer was 'formerly a lieutenant in the
old Second Massachusetts, where he maintained a high reputation,
492 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
resigning from ill-health. lie afterwards recovered, and enlisted in
the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry'. While serving in this capacity,
on Folly Island, he met, in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, some of his
old friends of the Second, by whose influence he was recommended
to the Government for a commission. He was mustered as first lieu-
tenant the very day on which the regiment left Hilton Head on the
expedition, and in the action at Honey Hill he was very efficient,
acting as aide-de-camp in the hottest of the fire. He was knocked off
from his horse by the concussion of a shell and somewhat injured
in this action, but returned to the front. Lieutenant Hill was a man of
quiet, dignified manners, and fine military judgment and experience.
His career in the Fifty-fifth was brief, but it leaves a glorious record,
which will be tenderly cherished by his companions in arms.' "
Mr. Hill was married, G Sept., 1852, to Abby E. H. Kinsley, of
Salem, and left children.
Harrison Gray Otis Weymouth, son of Stephen and Sarah
Curtis (Cornor) Weymouth, was born in Chnton, Me., 16 Aug., 1840.
Resided in Lowell. First lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861 ;
resigned, 2 July, 1861 ; captain in the Nineteenth Massachusetts,
3 Aug., 1861, and served until 4 April, 1863, when he was discharged
for disability, having lost his left leg at the battle of Fredericksburg,
13 Dec, 1862, while in command of the regiment. Was appointed
major in the First United-States Volunteer Infantry, a regiment
recruited from rebel prisoners at Point Lookout; and served as such
until the regiment was mustered out, 27 Nov., 1865.
EoBEKT Gould Siiaw, jun., son of Francis George (now of New
York) and Sarah B. (Sturgis) Shaw, was born in Boston, Mass., 10
Oct., 1837. Was educated at St. John's College, Fordham ; Neu-
chatel, Switzerland; and Hanover, Germany; and three yeai's in
Harvard College, in the Class of 1860, which he left to enter the house
of H. P. Sturgis & Co., New York. He served as private in the New-
York Seventh, when it was summoned to Washington in the spring of
1861. Second lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieu-
tenant, 8 July, 1861 ; captain, 10 Aug., 1862. At the battle of Cedar
Mountain, he was aide to General Gordon, who ofiicially mentioned
his " labors and coolness." Captain Shaw was selected to command
the first regiment of colored troops, and was accordingly commis-
sioned major of the Fifty-fourth jMassachusetts, 31 March, 1863, and
colonel, 17 April, 1863. His history from that time to his fall at
Wagner, is national. He was killed 18 July, 1863, and buried where
he fell.
In addition to ] rivate record, a sketch appears in " Harvard Me-
morial," ii. 183-211.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 493
IIknry Lee Higginson, son of George and Mary Cabot (Lee)
Higginson, was born in New York, 18 Nov., 1834. Soon after his
birtli, his parents removed to Boston. Fitted for college at Boston
Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in 1851. Went to Europe in
1852, and remained a year and a lialf. After some time in the count-
ing-room of a mercantile house, he again went to Europe, in 1856,
and remained until 1860. On the 28lh of May, 1861, second lieuten-
ant in the Second ; first lieutenant, July 8. Appointed captain in the
First Massachusetts Cavalry, 31 Oct., 1861 ; major, 26 March, 1862;
but left the service, 9 Aug., 1864, on account of continued disability
from disease.
OcHR.VN Hanks Howard, son of Benjamin and Mary (Sturtcvant)
Howard, was born in Ware, Mass., 19 Oct., 1838. AVas in the Naval
Academy, 1857 to 1861. Second lieutenant in the Second, 28 May,
1861 ; first lieutenant, 17 Sept., 1861 ; captain, 10 Aug., 1862. Was
detached on service in the Signal Corps, 27 Aug., 1861, and never
returned ; and was transferred to that corps when organized, 12 Sept.,
1863, to rank from 3 March, 1863. He was in the Fort Eoyal expe-
dition ; served in the special commands of Sherman, Hunter, Gilmore,
and others ; with Grant at Vicksburg ; and in every rebel State except
Texas. He was in service in 1866, — brevet-major, and chief signal
oflicer of the Department of the Gulf.
He was married, January, 1861, to Miss Catharine Breck, of An-
napolis, Md.
Jamks Francis, son of James B. and Sarah W. (Brownell) Fran-
cis, was born in Lowell, Mass., 30 March, 1840. Was in the school
of i\Ir. Allen, Jamaica Plain ; and had spent a year in the studies of
mechanical engineering, when, in April, 1861, he was appointed lieu-
tenant in the company raised by Captain Abbott (A). Second lieuten-
ant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 1 Nov., 1861;
captain, 10 Aug., 1862. At the battle of Antietam, he was wounded
in the hand, requiring amputation of fingers ; returned to duty,
Dec. 1. Major, 4 Jul}', 1863. Served in Georgia on the staif
of General A. S. Williams, as division inspector. Was appointed
lieutenant-colonel by the Governor, 24 July, 1865; and was brevetted
lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, by the President, 13 March, 1865.
Mustered out of service with the regiment in July, 1865.
Thomas Kodman Robeson, son of Thomas (late of Philadelphia)
and Sybil (Washburn) Robeson, was born in New Bedford, j\Iass.,
7 Nov., 1840. Fitted for college under the care of Francis M. Tower,
of Cambridge, and graduated at Harvard in 1861. Second lieutenant
in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 30 Nov., 1861. De-
tached for service in the Signal Corps, in the fall of 1861 ; and was
494 SECOND IMASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
in the actions at Roanoke Island and Newborn. Applying to be
returned, he came back in the spring of 18G2. In the battle of Cedar
Mountain, he was wounded in the arm. Captain, 10 Aug., 1862. He
was mortally wounded, in the thigh, at Gettysburg, 3 July, 1863, and
died there, July 6.
"The country," said the "Boston Advertiser," "has lost a brave,
competent, and faithful officer in Captain Thomas Rodman Robeson, of
Cambridge, of the Massachusetts Second Regiment, who fell severely
wounded under the terrible fire to which his regiment was exposed at
Gettysburg, on Friday morning, the 3d instant. His company had
been posted in advance as skirmishers ; and, when his heroic regiment
was ordei'ed to make the charge in which half their number were cut
down, he had just started to advance, when he fell, with the upper por-
tion of his thigh shattered into many pieces by a bullet. His remains
were interred at New Bedford. Few officers of his rank were more
serviceable than this brave young man. Though but twenty-two
years of age, he had a thorough manliness of character, in harmony
with his tall, strong form ; and this, with his personal dignity and un-
failing courage, gained him the respect of his men, and gave him
unusual success in keeping them cool and steady in action."
A sketch of his life is given in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 201-274.
Chahles Paine Horton, son of Henry K. and Helen M. (Barnes)
Horton, was born in Boston, Mass., 1 Oct., 1837. Fitted for college
at Chauncy Hall, Boston, and graduated at Harvard in 1857. Was
in business at the South, but returned, and was commissioned second
lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861 ; first lieutenant, 1 Nov.
He was upon Colonel Gordon's staff a short period, when that officer
was in command of the brigade in the fall of 1861; and again in the
spring of 1862, serving as such in Banks's retreat, when he had his
horse shot under him, — as he usually did in battle ; and was men-
tioned by General Gordon for " efficiency, and gallant services in
action." He was upon General Greene's staff when that officer was
assigned to the command of the brigade, and continued with him
when the general was transfen-ed to another command. Assistant
adjutant-general with the rank of captain, 17 July, 1862. He was, as
such, in the battles of Cedar Mountain, Antietam, and Gettysburg.
He also served as aide to General Heintzelman, being appointed 24
Aug., 1863. He remained in service until October, 1865.
RuFDS CnoATE, only son of (Hon.) Rufus and Helen (daughter
of Hon. Mills Olcott, of Hanover, N.H.) Choate, was born in Salem,
Mass., 14 May, 1834, from which place his father soon removed to
Boston. Fitted for college at the Boston Latin School, and graduated
at Amherst in 1855. Studied law with his father, and at the Law
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 495
Scliool (being absent in Europe in 18-jS) ; and commenced practice as
a partner of his father and J. M. Bell. After the death of the former
in 1859, he joined Henry F. Dui'ant in priictice, in which he continued
until the sjiring of 18G1, when he entered the army. Commissioned
second lieutenant (Company I), 28 May; first lieutenant, 13 Dec,
1861 ; captain, 17 Aug., 18G2. He was in Banks's retreat, at Cedar
Mountain, and at Antietani. Severe and long-continued neuralgia,
eontracted, or at least greatly aggravated, by exposure in tlie mala-
rious districts, forced liim to resign, 31 Oct., 18G2. His disease in-
creased, affecting the brain ; and, after intense suffering, he died,
25 Jan., 18G6, at the house of his brother-in-law, Edward E. Pratt, in
Dorchester.
The " Boston Traveller " said : " When our civil war broke out,
Mr. Choate was in the practice of the law in this city, having, for a
young man just starting in his profession, a large clientage. Every
thing looked prosperously for him. There was every inducement,
selfishly speaking, for him to remain at home. But the echoes from
Sumter had scarcely ceased befoi'e he had offered his services to the
government, — ' for the war.'
"He was determined, to use his own language, 'to see the thing
through,' and for this reason, among others, joined the Second ^lassa-
chusetts Kegiment, which was, we believe, the first in the country
organized for that length of time. Mr. Choate renuiined witii his
regiment till the autunni of 18G2, when the disease, which attacked
him shortlj' after he joined the army, compelled him to resign his
connnission.
" He returned to his home, hoping that in a few months his health
would be sufficient!}' restored to enable him again to join his regiment.
But this hope was not to be realized.
" His suflTerings during the. last four years have been almost imin-
terrupted and almost incredible. Death is to him literally a release.
Yet during the whole he showed the same sweetness of temper, the
same patience, the same uncomplainingness, that had always charac-
terized him. 'And yet they say / suffer,' said he, when the horrors
of Andersonville were read to him. Through these four long and
dreary years he completely ignored his own suflTerings, except when
he tried to show their lightness when compared with those of others.
" The testimony of his brother officers, as of all who had ever
known him well, is unanimous as to his wit, his hunior, and his unfail-
ing humanity. And, indeed, the son of his father took these by
inheritance. When he resigned his commission, one of them wrote,
' Choate has left, and with him goes the life of the regiment. No
more fun now, but simple duty.'
«
496 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
" At the battle of Cedar Mountain, he and three other officers of
the same regiment were so ill, that none but themselves thought
of their taking part in the imi)ending conflict. Not so they, how-
ever. They were helped or carried on to the field. One present
wrote : —
"'AH our officers behaved nobly. Those who ought to have stayed
away, wouldn't. Goodwin, Gary, Ghoate, and Stephen Perkins were all
quite ill, but would not stay away from the fight. Ghoate is the only
one of the four not killed. It Avas splendid to see those sick fellows
walk right up into that shower of bullets, as if it were so much
rain.' "
James March Ellis, son of Granville and Mary Ann (March)
EUis, was born in Boston, 23 Nov., 1835. Fitted for college at the
Boston Latin School, and graduated at Amherst in 1856. Studied law
with Thornton Lothrop, Esq., and at the Gambridge Law School ; was
in Europe in 1857 ; admitted to practice in 1858, and opened an office
in Boston. Second lieutenant, 28 May, 1861 ; commissary of subsist-
ence, with the rank of captain, 22 Nov., 1861, and assigned to duty
with General Abercrombie, with whom he had been serving since
8 Sept. Was afterwards with General Hartsuff, in the Department of
the Gulf; and chief commissary of the Twenty-third Gorps, with the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. Left service in July, 1865.
Robert Bancroft Brown, son of Robert (late of Salem) and
Mary (Cleaveland) Brown, was born in Salem, Mass., 19 April, 1840.
Was educated at Salem High School. Gommenced reading law in
the office of S. G. Bancroft, Esq., 22 March, 1859. Second lieutenant,
28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 28 Nov., 1861. He was on duty at
General Banks's headquarters, in the quartermaster's department, in
the spring of 1862; but was relieved, at his own reqiiest, immediately
after the battle of Gedar Mountain, to return to the regiment. Was
appointed regimental quartermaster, 1 Sept., 1862; captain, 23 Oct.,
1862. He rfemained with the regiment until the war was ended,
liaving been in command at Atlanta and in South Garolina. Though
in most of the battles of the regiment, he was never wounded. The
war being ended, he resigned his commission, 15 April, 1865, being
then senior captain. He had been admitted to the bar, in Salem, in
February, 1864.
Anson David Sawyer, son of David (late of Tinmouth) and
Lucretia (Stafford) Sawyer, was born in Tinmouth, Vt., 17 Feb.,
1833. He went to Boston in 1852. Was i-eceiving officer at the
House of Gorrection from 5 Sept., 1852, to March, 1861. Second
lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 25 Dec.,
1861 ; captain, 9 Nov., 1862. The last-named he declined, and was
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 497
appointed quartermaster, 1 Jan., 1863. Tliis position he held until
ill health made it necessary for him to resijin, 3 Nov., 18G4.
Stephen George Perkins, son of Stephen H. and Sarah (Sulli-
van) Perkins, was born in Boston, Mass., 18 Sept., 1835. Fitted for
college under the instruction of Thomas G. Bradford and William P.
Atkinson, and graduated at Harvard in 1856, having entered in 1851,
and being absent one year. Went to Europe in November, 1856, and
returned in October, 1857. Entered the Cambridge Law School in
March, 1858 ; the Scientific School, as student in mathematics, in
1859, where he remained until the war commenced. Second lieu-
tenant, 8 July, 1801 ; first lieutenant, 11 July, 1802. He was killed
in the battle of Cedar Mountain, U Aug., 1862, and buried at Alex-
andria.
A sketch of his life is given in "Harvard Memorial," i. 373-382.
Fletcher Morton AnnoTT, son of (Hon.) Josiah G. and Caro-
line (Livermore) Abbott, was born in Lowell, Mass., 18 Feb., 1843.
Educated at St. Paul's School (Rev. Dr. Coit), Concord. N.H., which
he had just left when his brother (Edward G.) — in April, 1861 — was
raising Company A, in which he was chosen a lieutenant. He was
appointed second lieutenant (Company D), 8 July, 1861; first lieu-
tenant, 13 June, 1862. Served in Banks's retreat. Cedar Mountain,
and Antietam. Was appointed on the staff of Brigadier-general
William Dwiglit, and accompanied him to Louisiana, and passed
througli the campaigns of 1862-63 ; present at all the engagements and
most of the skirmishes of that winter and spring; at Port Hudson
during its siege, having previously accompanied General Dwight on
his mission to General Grant, and being present at the first assault
on Vicksburg. In the latter part of the fall of 1863, chronic disease,
contracted in faithful discharge of duty, made it necessary for him to
resign, 23 Dec, 1863.
James Ingersoll Grafton, son of Joseph (a major -in the war of
1812) and Maria (Gurley) Grafton, was born in Boston, Mass., 16
June, 1811. Fitted for college under private tutors, and entered
Harvard in 1858. Left college to enter the service ; was appointed
second lieutenant in the Second, 1 Nov., 1861, and joined the regi-
ment at Frederick; first lieutenant, 21 July, 1862; captain, 9 Nov.,
1862. He wa.s wounded in the head, at the battle of Cedar Moun-
tain ; returned to duty, 1 Oct., 1862. He was wounded at Chancel-
lorsville in tlie leg, above the knee, and the ankle-bone of right leg
struck ; returned before fully well. At the battle of Averysborough,
N.C., 16 March, 1805, the last action of the regiment, he was killed.
It was on the skirmish line, which was but a short distance in ad-
vance. The enemy was so near, and his fire so close, that it required
32
498 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
the greatest exertion to hold him until the necessary relief should
arrive to attack his position. Captain Grafton had command of about
twenty men, his own company and another, and worked hard with
them against heavy odds, until he was struck in the leg. He started
to the rear, but in his anxiety to do his whole duty, turned back to
give some last instructions to his men, and received a mortal wound
in the neck. He was seen staggering back, and was helped to the
rear ; but he never spoke, and died in a few minutes. " He could not
have found a nobler death," says the historian of the Great March,
"nor could we have lost a nobler soul."
A notice of him is given in " The Story of the Great March ; "
and a sketch of his life is given in "Harvard Memorial," ii. 283-288.
Eugene Edward Shelton, son of Philo S. and ...(...)
Shelton, was born in Boston, Mass., 28 Dec, 1840. Educated at
Boston High and Latin Schools. Second lieutenant, 1 Nov., 1861 ;
first lieutenant, 21 July, 1862; adjutant, 13 Aug., 1862. He went to
New Orleans on the staff of Brigadier-general Andrews, in the win-
ter of 1862-63, and was appointed Commissary of Subsistence, with
rank of captain, 19 Feb., 1863. He was subsequently wounded, while
in service at the South. [See "Additions."]
Daniel Oakey, son of William F. (of New York) and Sally (Sul-
livan) Oakey, was born in New-York City, 5 July, 1842. Second
lieutenant, 80 Nov., 1861; first lieutenant, 23 July, 1862; captain, 20
March, 1868. He was seriously wounded at Cedar Mountain ; re-
turned to duty, 11 Sept., 1862. He served through the war, in com-
mand of Company D, being in every action. He resigned, 3 July,
1865, and entered into business in New York.
John Andrews Fox, son of (Rev.) Thomas B. and Feroline W.
(Pierce) Fox, was born in Newburyport, Mass., 23 Dec, 1835. Was
civil engineer, 1854 to 1858 ; then architect, until the war opened.
Second lieutenant, 6 Jan., 1862; first lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862; adju-
tant, 1 Jan., 1863, in which position he served to the end of the war,
declining promotion. In all the battles during his term of service,
and how faithfully, all will remember ; but never wounded. He was
mustei-ed out, 26 July, 1865. Returned to the profession of archi-
tect.
Henrt Bruce Scott, son of Benjamin H. and Sarah (Carlisle)
Scott, was born in Peru, Ind., 15 March, 1839. Graduated at Harvard
College in 1860, and began the study of law. Second lieutenant, 16
Jan., 1862. Appointed assistant adjutant-general, with rank of cap-
tain, 17 July, 1862, and attached to staff of General Gordon. Was
wounded, in the head, at Chancellorsville. He afterwards served in
the Army of the James. He was appointed major in the Fourth
COMMISSIONED OFFICEKS. 499
Massachusetts Cavalry, 18 Jan., 18G5 ; lieutenant-colonel, 23 April,
1805, and mustered out, 14 Nov., 1805.
FuANCis Welch Ckownixshikld, son of Edward Augustus and
Caroline Maria (Welch) Crowninshield, was born in Uoston, Mass., 12
May, 1843. Fitted for college at Boston Latin School. In 1850-58
was in ICurope. Entered Harvard in 1800, but left to enter the army.
Second lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1861; first lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1802;
captain, 30 March, 1863. Wounded at Winchester, in leg, 25 May,
1862 ; returned, 17 Aug. Wounded at Antietam, in leg, 17 Sept.,
1802; returned in Jan., 1863. At Chancellorsville, was bruised by a
spent ball, which struck him in tlie chest. Severely wounded at
Gettysburg, 3 July, 1803; returned, 28 Nov., 1803. Wounded in the
leg, near Raccoon Creek, in the Atlanta campaign, 6 June, 1804, but
rejoined in November, and served through the war. Api)ointed
major, 24 July, 1805, but not mustered as such. After the muster-
out, he wont to Europe, hoping to repair a constitution shattered by
wounds and hardships. But the hope proved fallacious ; and he died,
at Borne, 21 May, 1806, of disease contracted in the line of duty.
Enthusiastic and ardent, brave and generous.
A sketch appears in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 456-460.
EvKuicTT Wilson Pattisox, son of (Bev. Dr.) Bobert E. and
...(...) Pattison, was born in Waterville, Me., 22 Feb., 1839.
Fitted for college at Pierce Academy, Middleboro', Mass., gradu-
ated at AVaterville in 1858. After teaching in academies, was
reading law in 1801. Enlisted as private, Company I, 27 Jlay, 1801 ;
and first sergeant. Second lieutenant, 4 Feb., 1802; first lieutenant,
10 Aug., 1802. Was long attached to General Williams's staff as com-
missary of musters. Captain, 13 Sept., 1863. Was mustered out,
28 May, 1805. At St. Louis, practising law.
George Franklin Browning, son of George B. and Elizabeth B.
(Patterson) Browning, was born in Salem, Mass., 21 April, 1837.
lOnlisted in the Second, 13 May, 1801, and first sergeant of Com-
pany C. Quartermaster-sergeant in October, 1861. Second lieutenant,
14 Feb., 1862, in Company C ; first lieutenant, 9 Aug., 1862. While
in connnand of Company C, he was severely wounded, 9 Aug., 1862,
at Cedar Mountain. Tiie wound (in the right hip) caused permanent
lameness, and he was discharged, 23 Dec, 1802. First lieutenant in
the InvaHd Corps, First Kcgiment, 13 June, 1803. In December, 1866,
was quartermaster upon the staff' of General Swayne, Bureau of Refu-
gees and Freed men, Department of Alabama. lie was married at
Winchester, Va., in 1802.
Adam Miller, son of John C. (late of Stockbridge, Mass.), was
born in IloUenbroebrach, Bavaria, 9 July, 1839; came to Stockbridge
500 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY.
ill 1842. Enlisted as private, Company D, 21 May, 18G1 ; sergeant,
15 June, 1861; second lieutenant, 13 June, 1862; first lieutenant, 10
Aug., 1862. Was severely wounded, in face, at Cedar Mountain, and
prisoner; paroled, 21 Sept., 1862, and left Richmond that day, reach-
ing the regiment, 28 Nov. But he was unable, from wounds, to dis-
charge his duties, and resigned, 30 Dec. He was afterwards an
officer in the Veteran Reserve Corps.
He was married, in the fall of 1862, to Miss Heath, of Lee, at
Darnestown, Md.
Albert Watson Powers, son of John H. and Clarissa (Patrick)
Powers, was born in Warren, Mass., 1 Nov., 1839. In a mercantile
house in 1861. Enlisted as private in Company G, 15 May, 1861, and
made sergeant; first sergeant in H, 20 Dec, 1861. Wounded in leg,
at Cedar Mountain, and in arm, at Chancellorsville. Second lieuten-
ant, 12 July, 1862; first lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862; captain, 1 Nov.,
1862'. Mustered out 28 May, 1864.
Edward Augustus Piialen, son of Lawrence (late of Boston)
and Anne (Johnson) Phalen, was born in Salem, Mass., 17 June,
1840. At High Schools in Danvers and Salem. Enlisted in Company
C, 20 April, 1861 ; sergeant, 22 May ; first sergeant, 9 Oct. ; second
lieutenant, 13 July, 1862; first lieutenant, 9 Nov., 1862; captain, 31
March, 1863. Was wounded, severely, at Cedar Mountain ; returned,
15 March, 1863. Mustered out, 28 May, 1864.
Charles James Mills, son of Charles H. and Anna Cabot Lowell
(Dwight) Mills, was born in Boston, Mass., 8 Jan., 1841. Graduated
at Harvard in 1860, and entered the Scientific School, to study
engineering. Second lieutenant in the Second, 14 Aug., 1862, and
joined for duty at Culpepper, Aug. 17 ; .first lieutenant, 17 Aug.,
1862. Was acting adjutant in the battle of Antietam, and was so
severely wounded in the leg as never wholly to recover. Was dis-
charged for disability, 18 March, 1863. As soon as able, he re-entered
the service, as first lieutenant and adjutant of the Fifty -sixth Massa-
chusetts, 22 Aug., 1863 ;. captain, 7 July, 1864. Was appointed assistant
adjutant-general, with the rank of captain, 6 Aug., 1864. Was as-
signed to headquarters of Ninth Corps, and afterwards of the Second
Corps. He was killed in action, 31 March, 1865, at Hatcher's Run,
while on the staff" of Major-General Humphrey. He was buried at
Forest-Hills Cemetery.
The "Boston Transcript" said: "Youthful in appearance, Major
Mills exhibited qualities of a noble manhood. His ambition to be a
good soldier and to fight bravely for the national flag was gratified, by
his zeal, perseverance, faithfulness, and unflinching courage. His mili-
tary career, though brief, was briUiant. He met the hardships and
i
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 501
sufferings of his profession bravely, and faced deatli witliout fear. He
belonged to that '••'•ge body of the young men of Massaciiusetts, who,
by education and conviction, were prepared to enter upon tlie uncon-
genial work of war, conscientiously and from principle, when the
rebellion lifted the sword to destroy the unity and free institutions of
the republic."
A sketch of his life appears in "Harvard ^Memorial," ii. 141-150.
Thojias Bayley Fox, Jun., son of (Kev.) Thomas Bayley and
Feroline Walley (Pierce) Fox, was born in Newburyport, Mass.,
1 Feb., 1839. Was fitted for college at tlie Dorchester High School;
graduated at Harvard in 1860, near tlie head of the class, and was
chosen class orator. He began the study of law in the offices of Hon.
John A. Andrew and A. G. Browne, and entered the Law School at
Cambridge. Was commissioned second lieutenant in the Second,
1-4 Aug., 1862, and joined, tlie same month, on the Rappahannock, in
charge of recruits, and was kept in charge of them until near the time
of the battle of Antietam, when he was assigned to duty with Com-
pany C, with which he fought in that battle. First lieutenant, 1 Nov.,
1862 ; captain, 6 June, 1863. He was at Chancellorsville, Beverly
Ford, and Gettysburg. His bold service with Company K, in the
darkness of the night, July 2, has been referred to. On the 3d of
May, 1863, in the centre of the meadow, he was hit in the left ankle.
Of this wound he died, at Dorchester, 25 July. He was buried at
Forest Hills Cemetery, 28 July.
" Another hero has fallen," said Chaplain IIumj)hre}-s, at his
funeral. " Another lover of his country has sealed his devotion with
his life. Let us not weep. The sacrifice was willing. . . . His fitting
monument is his remembered life. . . . The record of his life is sim-
ple, but it is the simplicity of purity and nobleness. ... A casual
acquaintance did not see his best qualities. He was so frank, that he
would not conceal his worst side ; and so strong in his conscious integ-
rity, that he cared not to put forward his best side." In liis service
with the Second, no one saw a "worst side" in this genial and cheer-
ful officer; although it took time to fully appreciate the noble and gen-
erous qualities, and tlie force of character, which his modesty covered.
His brief service was long enough to show a devotion to duty which
was entire, ability sufficient for any emergency, and to make a record
brave and bright.
John Fkancis George, son of Ivlward O. (of Lowell) and Kuth
G. (Carter) George, was born in Boscawen, N.H., 29 Aug., 1838.
Learned business o£ iron-machinist. Enlisted in Company A, 11 May,
1861, and was made sergeant. Was color sergeant, and carried the
colors at Cedar Mountain, 9 Aug., 1862; second lieutenant, 10 Aug.,
502 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
1862; first lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1862; captain, 4 July, 1863. Mustered
out 28 May, 1864.
Nathan Dane Appleton Sawyer, son of Leverett A. and Mar-
tha A. (Kehew) Sawyer, was born in Salem, Mass., 25 Feb., 1839.
At school in Salem ; at the West four years ; in business in Nashua,
N.H., one year. Enlisted in Company A, 11 Ma}', 1861 ; corporal, 25
May; sergeant, 12 Feb., 1862; second lieutenant, 1-0 Aug., 1862; first
lieutenant, 31 Dec, 1862; captain, 7 July, 1863. Was wounded at
Wincliester (ball through the body) ; returned, 13 Sept., 1862.
Wounded at Gettysburg. Severely wounded at Peacli-Tree Creek,
22 July, 1864; and resigned from disability, 15 May, 1865. He was
then appointed military storekeeper, quartermaster's department, with
rank of captain of infantry, 28 Sept., 1865, and stationed in Boston.
GiiouGE LoRiNG BiNNEY, SOU of Cliarlcs J. F. and Clarissa (daugh-
ter of Dea. George Loring, of Duxbury, Mass.) Binney, was born in
Boston, Mass., 2 Sept., 1840. Enlisted in Company H, 11 May, 1861,
and detailed as quartermaster's clerk. Appointed quartermaster-
sergeant, 15 March, 1862. Second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862; first
lieutenant, 19 March, 1863. Detached to corps quartermaster's de-
partment, 1 March, 1863. He served as aide to Genei-al Slocum, at
the battle of Chancellorsville. Detailed as aide to General lUiger,
18 April, 1864; and again, 7 Nov., 1864, going with that general into
the department of the Ohio, and served with him during the re-
mainder of the war. He was brevetted captain, and also major,
United-States Volunteers, to date from 13 March, 1865, "for gallant
and meritorious services at the battle of Franklin." Mustered out, 26
July, 1865.
Gerald Fitzgerald, son of William P. N. (of New York) and
Sarah A. (Goodyear) Fitzgerald, was born in Troy, N.Y., 6 Sept.,
1835. Educated at sub-department of Georgetown College, D.C.
Entered Cambridge Divinity School in 1855 ; spent the year 1857-58
in Europe; graduated in 1^59, and was ordained minister (Unitarian).
Enlisted in Twelfth Massachusetts, 24 April, 1861, where he was
sergeant-major. Second lieutenant in the Second, 25 Aug., 1862;
first lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. He fell at Cliancellorsville, — a cul-
tivated scholar,^a brave officer, and a courteous man, — 3 May, 1863,
and buried on the field.
James Kent Stone, son of (Eev. Dr.) John S. and Mary (Kent)
Stone, was born in Boston, Mass., 10 Nov., 1840. Fitted for college
at Boston Latin School ; entered at Harvard in 1856 ; left in 1857, and
went to Europe for a year ; returned to Harvard, and remained until
near the close of senior year, when he went to Germany, and spent a
year at Gottingen. Was teacher in Boston Latin School until 4 Aug.,
COMMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 503
1862, when he enlisted as private in Company C. Corporal, October,
18(i2. Second lieutenant to date 10 Aug., 18G2. Was obliged to
resign, from disability contracted in service, 9 Jan., 18G3. He was
subsequently appointed professor in Konyon College.
GiiouGE Augustine Thayek, son of Elihu and Elizabeth {Tir-
rell) Thayer, was born in Randoli)h, Mass., G Dec, 1839. At school
at lIoULs Institute, South Braintree. Taught in various academies.
Second lieutenant, 16 Oct., 1862; first lieutenant, 29 April, 18G3 ;
captain, 26 July, 1863. Served throughout the war, being in the va-
rious battles, and was mustered out with the regiment.
Erastus Burbank Carll, son of Nathaniel and Frances (Woods)
Carll, was born in Unity, Me., 8 Nov., 1830. Enlisted, 5 Dec, 1850,
in United-States army, to join the Second Dragoons, but was trans-
ferred to Battery G, Fourth Artillery ; served at Fort Leaven woith, in
Sioux campaign, and in General Harney's expedition, until -5 Dec,
1855. Was in business until May, 1861. Enlisted, 11 May, 1861,
and commissary-sergeant. Second lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862; first
lieutenant, 1 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. He was
married, in 1859, to Mary E. Galvin, of Boston.
Theodore Kendall Parker, son of Gilman D. and Sarah (Fos-
ter) Parker, was born in Brighton, Mass., 3 Sept., 1841. Was in iron-
work at Winchendon. Enlisted in Company D, 11 May, 1861, and
first sergeant. Taken prisoner at Winchester, 25 May, 1862, and
taken to Belle Isle ; returned 24 Oct. Second lieutenant, 24 Oct.,
1862 ; first lieutenant, 31 March, 1863 ; captain, 24 May, 1864. Was
wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out with the regi-
ment.
Denis Meiian, son of John and Mary (Gorigan) Mehan, was
born in Salem, Mass., 25 Dec, 1843. At school, in New York. Was
in shoe business. Enlisted in Company C, in April, 1861. Marker,
in 1861; corporal, 26 July, 1862; sergeant, 29 July, 1861; first
sergeant, 1 Sept., 1862; second lieutenant, 9 Nov., 1862; first lieuten-
ant, 4 May, 1863 ; captain, 24 May, 1864. Was wounded, ^ July,
1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out with the regiment in July, 1865.
Henry Newton Comey, son of Elbridge G. and Abigail J.
(Pierce) Comey, was born in Hopkinton, JIass., 4 March, 1840. At
school in Hopkinton. Enlisted in G, in May, 1861. Corporal, 2
June, 1862; sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2; second lieutenant, to date from
1 Nov., 1862; first lieutenant, 6 June, 1863; captain, 24 May, 1864.
Was wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out in July,
1865.
Joseph Wiley Gelrav, son of Bobert Gelray, was born 28 Feb.,
1840, in Manchester, England. Came to America in 1844. AVas
504 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY.
printer, in Lowell, Mass., and Kichmontl, Va. Enlisted in A, 11 May,
18G1. Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ; transferred, as sergeant, to Com-
pany H, 22 Dec, 1861. Wounded, severely, in right shoulder and
right thigh, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Second lieutenant, 25 Dec.,
1862; first lieutenant, 4 July, 1863. Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg, in right arm, so near the former wound as to require
amputation. Discharged 13 Oct., 1864, to receive commission of
captain, dated 25 July, 1864, in Fifty-seventh Massachusetts. Was
put on General Bartlett's staff, as assistant inspector-general. Was
appointed, 22 Aug., 1864, colonel of the Fifty-ninth Massachusetts,
but the regiment was too small to allow of his being mustered as
such. Major in Fourth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 14 Nov.,
1864. Mustered out, 17 June, 1865.
William Edward Perkins, son of William and Catharine C.
(Amory) Perkins, was born in Boston, Mass., 23 March, 1838. Fitted
for college in care of Epes S. Dixwell, and graduated at Harvard in
1860. Studied law with Horace Gray, jun., and Wilder Dwight,
and at the Law School. Enlisted in Forty-fourth Massachusetts, 12
Sept., 1862, and sergeant in Company F. Second lieutenant in
Second, 26 Jan., 1863; first lieutenant, 7 July, 1863; captain, 17
March, 1865. Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned,
4 July, 1863. Mustered out in July, 1865.
George James Thompson, son of (Rev. Dr.) James W. and Mary
J. (James) Thompson, was born in Salem, Mass., 10 Sept., 1839. At
school, under " Master Worcester," in Salem. Went a voyage to sea.
Enlisted in Twenty-fourth Massachusetts, 17 Sept., 1861, and ser-
geant; first sergeant, October, 1862; served at Newbern. Second
lieutenant in Second, 10 Jan., 1863; first lieutenant, 26 July, 1863;
captain, 15 April, 1865. Was slightly injured by shell, 3 May, 1863,
at Chancellorsville, and by ball in front of Atlanfa. Mustered out
with the regiment. Appointed, in 1867, second lieutenant in United-
States Artillery.
Henry Van Dyke Stone, son of (Rev. Dr.) Jolin S. and Mary
(Kent) Stone, was born in Brooklyn, N.Y., 9 Aug., 1843. Fitted for
college in Brookline, Mass. ; entered Yale Scientific School in 1861.
Enlisted in Company C, 4 Aug., 1862. Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862; ser-
geant, 1 Jan., 1863 ; second lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. He was
killed at Gettysburg, 3 July, 1863. A modest and brave officer.
James Warren Cook, son of James D. and Rebecca W. (Coney)
Cook, was born in Reading, Mass., 3 Aug., 1831. In business of manu-
facturing furniture, in Boston and Beading. Enlisted in Company A,
11 May, 1861. Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861; sergeant, 14 July, 1862;
first sergeant, 27 Dec, 1862. Wounded, in hand, 24 May, 1862, at
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 505
Kernstown. Slightly wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville.
Second lieutenant, 19 March, 1863; first lieutenant, 13 Sept., 1863.
Mustered out 28 May, 18G4. Was married, 1 May, 1853, to Sarah J.
Pinkhani, of Beading, Mass.
Fhancis Hexr\' Lundy, son of William and Marion (Steen)
Lundy, was born in Manchester, England, 14 Nov., 1830. Enlisted
in Eighty-eighth (British), in 1851, and served four years and ten
months ; in battles of Alma, Balaclava, and Inkerman ; was sent
home to drill recruits. Came to Lowell, Mass., December, 1856. En-
listed in Company B, in May, 1861. Sergeant, 12 Aug., 1861 : first
sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862 ; color-bearer at Antietam ; second lieutenant,
30 Marcli, 1863; first lieutenant, 24 Dec, 1863. Kesigned 22 Oct.,
1864. Was married, April, 1859, to Sarah Mansfield, of New York.
Charles Warrkn Thomas, son of Sjdvanus and Sophia (Kent)
Thomas, was born in Boston, Mass., 26 July, 1841. At school in
Charlestown, Mass. Clerk in jobbing house when enlisted, in Com-
pany G, 26 July, 1862. Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 Jan.,
1863 ; second lieutenant, 1 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May,
1864.
Albert Warren Mann, son of Albert and Caroline S. (Pond)
Mann, was born in Wrentham, Mass., 14 Aug., 1836. In shoe busi-
ness when enlisted, in Company E, in April, 1861. Sergeant, 25
May, 1861 ; first sergeant, 13 July, 1861 ; sergeant-major, 10 May,
1862; second lieutenant, 31 March, 1863. Mustered out, 28 May,
1864. Was married, 11 Sept., 1860, to Mary A. Hartshorn, of Wal-
pole, Mass.
Edwin Augustine Howes, son of Collins and Rhoda (Bangs)
Howes, was born in Chatham, Mass., 4 Jan., 1834. Was ship-joiner
in Essex, when enlisted in Company F, in May, 1861. Corporal,
May, 1861; sergeant, 2 June, 1862; commissary sergeant, 8 Dec,
1862; first lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. Appointed quartermaster, 3
Nov., 1864, and served until mustered out in July, 1865. His wife
was Sophia E. Andrews, of Essex.
Moses P. Richardson, son of Samuel and Susan B. (Persons)
Richardson, was born in Woburn, Mass., 17 Sept., 1835. Was a
farmer in Winchester. Enlisted in Company G, in May, 1861. Cor-
poral, 9 Jan., 1862; sergeant, 12 Feb., 1862; first sergeant, 19 April,
1863. Was wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re-
turned, 26 Oct. Wounded in arm and side, 3 July, 1863, at Chan-
cellorsville ; returned in . . . 1863. Sergeant-major, 17 July, 1863.
Re-enlisted, 31 Dec. 1863. Appointed second lieutenant in Fifty-fitlh
Massachusetts, 9 June, 1864, but declined commission. First lieu-
tenant in Second, to date 24 May, 1864. Mustered out with regiment.
506 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY.
Brevet-captain, 13 March, 1865. Was married, since the war, to
Sarah B. Marsh.
Jesse Richardson, son of Samuel and Susan B. (Persons) Rich-
ardson, was born in Woburn, Mass., 31 March, 1840. Was clerk, in
Winchester. Enlisted in Company G, 8 July, 18G2. Corporal, 29
Nov., 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 Oct., 1863. Wounded sliglitly, in foot,
17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863, at
Gettysburg; returned, 1 Sept. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. First
lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. Mustered out with regiment. Was mar-
ried, 28 Jan., 1864, to Mary M. Pearson.
William Taylor McAlpine, son of Peter and Mary (Taylor)
McAlpine, was born in Pramingham, Mass., 20 July, 1840. Was in
carriage-making business, in Lowell, in 1861. Enlisted in Company
A, 11 May, 1861 ; sergeant, 25 April, 1863. Was wounded, 9 Aug.,
1862, at Cedar Mountain, in arm, in thigh, and through the body.
Wounded in the head, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned, 24
Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1864. First lieutenant, 24 May,
1864. Mustered out wilVi the regiment.
Jedediah Clark Thojipson, son of Ralph and Martha Ann
Thompson, was born in Berkshire, Vt., 23 Dec, 1839. Parents moved
to New- York City; in 1852, to Burlington, Vt. He was in Marlboro',
Mass., when he enlisted in Company D, 15 May, 1861. Corporal,
3 July, 1861 ; sergeant, 10 July, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when long
absent, wounded. Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863; sergeant, 1 Nov., 1863.
Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned in
Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. Wounded in foot, 15 May,
1864, at Resaca. First lieutenant, 7 July, 1864. Mustered out with
regiment. Went to Colorado.
Samuel Storrow, son of Charles S. and Lydia (Jackson) Storrow,
was born in Boston, Mass., 24 Jui}^ 1843. Entered Harvard in 1860;
in 1862, an affection of the eyes rendered it necessary to refrain from
study, and he went to Fayal, — from May 1 to Sept. 1, when he re-
joined his class. Enlisted in Forty-fourth Massachusetts, 20 Sept.,
1862. Corporal in Company H, and served in North Carolina ; mus-
tered out 18 June, 1863. First lieutenant in the Second, 22 Sept., '
1864, and joined at Atlanta, 15 Jan., 1865. He was detailed as aide
to Brevet Brigadier-general Cogswell, and so served until his death.
He was killed in action, 16 March, 1865, at Avery sborough, N.C. " A
brave, faithful, intelligent, and most promising officer," wrote General
Cogswell. He was buried near tlie field ; but his remains were re-
interred, 6 Jan., 1866, at Mount Auburn.
See sketch in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 462.
Richard Pendergast, son of Isaac and Mary ( ) Pendergast,
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 507
was born in Portland, Me., 31 May, 1836. Resided in Lowell, a carpen-
ter. Enlisted in Company A, 11 May, 1861. Corporal, January, 1862;
sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863 ; first sergeant, 25 April, 1863. Was wounded
in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 24 Aug. Re-
enlisted, 31 Dec., 1863. "Was wounded in right arm, severely, 20
Dec, 1864, in South Carolina, near the Savannah. Was appointed
first lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1864. Mustered out with regiment.
William D. Toomus, was born in West Boylston, Mass., in 1841.
Resided in West Boylston. Enlisted in Company D, 11 May, 1861.
Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 4 Nov., 1864. Mustered
out with regiment.
James IIaxxixg, was born in Dumfries, Scotland, in 1840. Re-
sided in Boston. Enlisted in Company I, 15 May, 1861. Corporal,
1 Sept., 1863. Wounded in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Re-
enhsted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 17 March, 1865. Mustered
out with the regiment.
Gkokge W. Morse, was born in Newport, Ky., in 1842. Resided
in Athol. Enlisted in Company H, in May, 1861. Corporal, 1 Oct.,
1863. Taken prisoner, at Winchester, 25 May, 1862 ; returned, 22
Oct. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 17 March, 1865.
Mustered out with the regiment. Entered Dartmouth College.
William Howard Miles, son of Oliver H. and Rachel (Decker)
Miles, was born in Limerick, Me., 2 Dec, 1836. Was an operative at
Lowell, when he enlisted in Company A, 11 IMay, 1861. Corporal,
14 Jan., 1863; sergeant, 13 July, 1863. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863.
Sergeant-major, 24 May, 1864. Was taken prisoner in the campaign
to the sea, but escaped in a few da3's. First lieutenant, 15 April,
1865. Mustered out with the regiment.
The following enlisted men were commissioned, but never mus-
tered in, as officers : —
Caleb H. Lord, first sergeant of K, first lieutenant, to date from
24 May, 1864 ; but tlie commission had not arrived when he died,
29 June, 1864, of wounds received 19 June.
Thomas B. Thurston, sergeant-major; second lieutenant, 3 July,
1805.
Asa W. Emerson, quartermaster-sergeant ; first lieutenant, 3 July,
1865.
David Casey, commissary-sergeant; second lieutenant, 3 July,
1865.
And the following first sergeants, 3 July, 1865, to be second lieu-
tenants : —
508 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Cliarles Hastings, of A; Leaiuler G. Bowley, of B ; Charles W.
Edwards, of C; Edwin Harlow, of E; Samuel L. Jepson, of F;
Charles H. Heald, of G; Charles 0. Mclvinstrey, of H; Andrew
Voll, of K.
The following persons declined commissions : —
George B. Peck, of Boston, assistant surgeon, 29 July, 18G3, — the
reduced size of the regiment not allowing of muster in.
Henry R. Dalton, of Boston, second lieutenant, 23 Nov., 1861.
Ozias Goodwin, jun., of Boston, second lieutenant, 14 Aug., 1862.
FIELD AND STAFF. 509
III.
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonels.— George H. Gordon, 11 May, 18G1, to 12 June, 18G2. George
L. Andrews, 13 June, 1862, to 9 Nov., 1862. Samuel M. Quincy,
9 Nov., 1802, to 2 June, 1803. William Cogswell, June, 1868,
to 25 June, 1865. Charles F. Morse, 24 July, 1865 ; not mustered ;
brev.-col. U.S. Vols.
LiEUTENANT-CoLOXELS. — Gcorge L. Andrews, 11 May, 1861, to 13
June, 1862. Wilder Dwight, 13 June, 1862, to 19 Sept., 1862.
James Savage, 19 Sept., 1862, to 22 Sept., 1862. William Cogs-
well, 23 Oct., 1862, to 6 June, 1863. Charles R. Mudge, 6 June,
1863, to 3 July, 1803. Charles F. Morse, 4 July, 1863, to 24 July,
1865. James Francis, 24 July, 1865 ; not mustered ; brev.-lieut.-
col. U.S. Vols.
Ma.jous. — Wilder Dwight, 11 May, 1861, to 13 June, 1802. James
Savage, 13 June, 1802, to 17 Sept., 1802. Samuel M. Quincy, 17
Sept., 1862, to 9 Nov., 1862. Charles R. Mudge, 9 Nov., 1802, to
6 June, 1863. Charles F. Morse, 6 June, 1803, to 4 July, 1803,
James Francis#4 July, 1803, to 24 July, 1865. Francis W. Crown-
inshield, 24 July, 1805; not mustered.
Surgeons. — Lucius M. Sargent, jun., 28 May, 1861, to 9 Oct., 1861.
Francis Leland, 11 Oct., 1861, to 24 Oct., 1862. Lincoln R. Stone,
7 Nov., 1862, to 20 Nov., 1863. William H. Heath, 24 April, 1863,
to 23 Aug., 1864. Curtis E. Munn, 5 Dec, 1864, to the end.
Chaplain. — Alonzo II. Quint, 20 June, 1861, to 28 May, 1864.
Assistant Surgeons. — Lincoln R. Stone, 1 June, 1861, to 7 Nov.,
1862. William H. Heath, 24 July, 1862, to 24 April, 1863. Joseph
Wightman, 19 March, 1863, to 15 June, 1863. William Nichols, jun.,
5 May, 1863, to 9 Dec, 1864.
510 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Adjutants. — Charles Wheaton, jun., 28 May, 1861, to '21 July, 1862.
Eugene E. Shelton, 13 Aug., 1862, to 1 Jan., 1863. John A. Fox,
1 Jan., 1863, to the end.
Quartermasters. — R. Morris Copelaml, 28 May, 1861, to 27 Nov.,
1861. Marcus M. Hawes, 27 Nov., 1861, to 14 July, 1862. James
Francis, 14 July, 1862, to 1 Sept., 1862. Robert B. Brown, 1 Sept.,
1862, to 6 Dec, 1862. Anson D. Sawyer, 1 Jan., 1863, to 3 Nov.,
1864. Edwin A. Howes, 3 Nov., 1864, to the end.
THE COLORS AND THEIR BEARERS. 511
IV.
THE COLORS AND THEIR BEARERS.
I. The United- States Colors, presented by the ladies whose names
are given on page 27. This was the battle-flag, used only in action,
and carried in every engagement except Winchester. The tassels
were shot off at Cedar Mountain. Its staff was shot in two at Antie-
tani, and given to Mrs. William Dwight. The new staff was presented
by Miss Fannie Mudge. That staff was shot into fragments at Gettys-
burg, and a new one was given by Misses Marie Louisa Mudge and
Feroline P. Fox. No hostile hand ever touched this flag, and it never
knew dishonor. It has been in Hhode Island, New York, New Jer-
sey, Pennsjdvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Oliio,
Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina,
North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia ; on Long Island Sound,
Chesapeake Bay, the Potomac, and the Atlantic Ocean. It now rests
at the State House, with no names of battles upon it.
II. Tlie State Flag, presented by the ladies whose names are
given on page 28. It was never carried in action, and is now at the
State House.
III. The State Flag, white, furnished by the State, and carried
only on drill. It is now at the State House.
IV. The United-States Colors, presented by the ladies of Harper's
Ferry, as recorded on page 40. It was carried on drill, &c., and in
the battle of Winchester. It was reserved as private projicrty.
V. The G.arrison Storm-Flng, of bunting, hoisted in various camps.
It floated in Massachusetts, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia,
Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, and North CaroUna.
512 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
COLOR-SERGEANTS.
Hans G. Christensen, Co. K, 28 June, 1861, to 14 Oct., 1861, when
discliarged for disability.
Samuel R. Phillips, Co. A, 14 Oct., 1861, to 13 Feb., 1862.
George H. Willis, Co. I, 13 Feb., 1862, to 4 July, 1862. He carried
the colors at Winchester.
John F. George, Co. A, 4 July, 1862, to . . Sept., 1862. He carried
the colors at Cedar Mountain, and was promoted to be second lieu-
tenant, to date the day following.
Francis Lundy, Co. B, . . Sept., 1862, to . . Oct., 1862. He carried
the colors at Antietam, and was afterwards promoted to be second
lieutenant. '
Edwhi A. Howes, Co. F, . . Oct., 1862, to 8 Dec, 1862.
Alonzo Griswold, Co. B, 8 Dec, 1862, to 1863.
Leavitt C. Durgin, Co. A, 28 Feb., 1863, to 3 July, 1863. He carried
the colors at Chancellorsville (in part), Beverly Ford, and Gettys-
burg, where he was killed in action.
Rupert J. Sadler, Co. D, color-corporal, took the colors temporarily at
Chancellorsville, and also at Gettysburg, where he was killed in
action.
Stephen Cody, private in Co. I, took the colors at Gettysburg, and
was killed in action.
James Hobbs, Co. I, color-corporal, took the colors at Gettysburg,
and was wounded in action.
James Murphy, Co. C, color-corporal ; took the colors at Gettysburg,
and carried them to the close of the action.
Charles Whitney, Co. E, 17 July, 1863, to 23 May, 1864, when mus-
tered out. He carried the colors at Resaca.
Thomas Johnson, Co. B, 2 June, 1864, to 25 June, 1865. He carried
the colors into Atlanta, to Savannah, and through the Carolinas,
including the battle of Averysborough.
Pardon L. Crosby, Co. F, 25 June, 1865, to the end of service.
THE liEGIMENTAL BAND. 513
V.
THE REGIMENTAL BAND.
Spiegel, Charles, leader. — See Non-Commissiontd SUiff.
Burnham, l?obert W., jun. .. Essex, Mass. — Engineer. Essex. —
lie-enlisted in band of the Brigade.
Clark, Jolni. 31. Gloucester, Mass. Teamster. Gloucester.
Cook, Jerry C. 27. Reading, Mass. Cabinetmaker. Heading.
I)c la Fontaine, Jose. 28. Brussels, Belgium. Cooper. Koxbury.
De la Fontaine, Victor. 20. Brussels, Belgium. Cooper. Roxbury.
Elwell, George, jun. . . Gloucester, Mass. Printer. Gloucester. —
Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade.
Fisher, John S. 40. Maiden, Mass. Currier. Maiden. — Discharged
for disability, 3 June, 1862.
Hinman, Lucius S. 32. Derby, Vt. Shoemaker. Holliston.
Lord, Jacob S. 23. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. Gloucester.
Loud, Francis P. 29. Weymouth, Mass. Bootmaker. Quincy.
Mess, Joseph. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Sailmaker. Gloucester.
Nutting, Abel. 22. Lisbon, Me. Stonecutter. Quincy.
Pearce, David P. 18. Gloucester, Mass. Carver. Gloucester. —
Discharged for disability, 19 Dec, 1861. Subsequently enlisted in
8th Mass., and died in service.
Perry, Reuben. 23. Gloucester, Mass. Blacksmith. Gloucester. —
Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade.
Proven, Charles. 27. Upper Stewiack, N.S. Shoemaker. Reading.
Rawson, Charles E. 36. Natick, Mass. Shoemaker. Natick. —
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and was not
exchanged until after the date of muster-out.
Smeath, William. 26. Exeter, England. Embosser. Amesbury. —
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and was not
exchangeil until after the date of muster-out.
Thompson, Charles E. 28. Standish, Me. Carpenter. Maiden.
Travis, Daniel F. 35. Holliston, Mass. Boot-finisher. Holliston.
33
514 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY.
Twitchell, Reuben A. 22. Dublin, N.H. Cabinetmaker. Boston.
— Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade.
Walker, Charles R. 23. South Reading, Mass. Shoemaker. Read-
ing. — Discharged for disability, 12 July, 18G1, at general liospital.
"Watson, Benjamin. 44. Durham, N.H. Stonecutter. Quincy.
Wing, Neil. 27. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. Gloucester.
The dates of enlistment were all reckoned as 25 May, 1861. In
addition to excellent music, the members of the band rendered good
service at Cedar Mountain, in removing the wounded from the field
of battle, in which two of their number were taken prisoners.
An Act of Congress discharged all regimental bands 16 Aug., 1862 ;
but this band actually served until 8 Sept., 1862, such members only
excepted as are mentioned in the above list. Several members re-
enlisted in the brigade band (authorized by the same Act), which was
raised in Massachusetts, joined for duty at Stafford Court-House, Va.,
early in 1863, and served to the end of tlie war.
NATIVITIES.
VI.
515
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522
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS ACCOUNTED FOR.
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10
4
Died of wounds . .
1
2
1
4
1
Discharged wounded
1
1
2
4
2
lo Inv. Oorp*, wo. .
2
2
by casuiilcies in ac-
tion
1
9
2
3
2
5
20
7
Died of disease . .
2
2
Resigned from dis'y.
5
1
1
7
9
1
By disease . . .
5
3
1
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3
Discliar^ed for pro'n.
2
4
11
1
2
20
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1
1
2
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1
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8
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4
1
4
2
15
26
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Total
3
5
32
4
1
9
4
29
87
—
GENERAL SUMMARY.
By Casualties in Action. — Killed, 119; died of wounds, 71;
discharged on account of wounds, 115; to Invalid Corps, wounded,
29 ; wounded, mustered out, 55. Total, 389.
By Disease or Accident. — Died, 84; drowned, 4; discharged
for disability, 269 ; to Invalid Corps, on account of disease, 35 ; absent,
sick, when mustered out, 62. Total, 454.
By Discharge for Promotion, 34.
By Resignation of Officers and Transfers or Orders of
War Department. — Officers resigned, 4 ; men transferred to other
regiments, 2; to gunboats, 15; enlisted in, or transferred to, regular
army, 25 ; discharged by War Department, 39. Total, 85.
By Desertion, &c. — Deserted, 244; dropped from the rolls, 6;
dischirged as minors, 7. Total, 257.
By Muster-out, 499.
Not accounted for on Records, 30. Total, 1749.
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.
523
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.
The list of subscribers to tlie original regimental fund, men-
tioned on page 5, is as follows : —
George 0. Ilovcy.
Bryant & Sturgis.
Natlianiel Thayer.
James Davis, jun.
William S. Bullard.
Denny, Kiee, & Co.
George B. Gary.
F. II. & J. B. Bradlee.
S. Willard & Son.
J. S. Warren.
Josei)h S. Fay.
James Lawrence.
John E. Lodge.
George W. Wales.
Mrs. Franklin Dexter.
Henry Sayles. .
Henr}' Sigourney.
Little, Brown, & Co.
Lasigi, Goddard, & Co.
Homer & Sprague.
Bayley, Rollins, & Co.
D. N. Spooner.
Ozias Goodwin.
J. M. Forbes & Co.
Ticknor & Fields.
John A. Lowell.
Gardner Brewer.
Thomas G. Appleton.
Naylor & Co.
George B. Blake.
James M. Beebe.
Sarah P. Pratt.
Francis B. Crowninsbield.
Charles P. Curtis.
J. M. Warren.
George P. Upham.
J. Huntington Wolcott.
Henry Cabot.
Mary A. Wales.
John A. Blanchard.
Charles Amory.
George L. Pratt.
E. D. Peters & Co.
Dana, Farrar, & Hvde.
J. B. Glover.
Charles Merriam.
E. H. Eldridge.
Thomas Lee.
Samuel G. Ward.
Richard S. Fay.
J. IngersoU Bowditch.
Charles G. Loring.
James Parker.
F^dward Austin.
H. P. Sturgis & Co.
James Savage.
Augustine Heard, jun.
John C. Gray.
Charles Mifflin.
George F. Parkman.
David Sears.
Foster & Taylor.
Samuel \Vhi!well.
Arthur Dexter.
Thomas Wigg'.esworth.
Samuel A. Appleton.
R. M. Mason.
John S. Farlow.
Henry Wainwrigbt.
G. Ilowiand Sliaw.
Charles F. Choate.
E. R. Mudire.
William F.' Weld.
George (Jardner.
R. W. Hooper.
S. R. Putnam.
Augustus Lowell.
Larkin, Stackpole, & Co.
Mrs. T. G. Gary.
Moses Williams.
Charles F. Atlams.
Josiab Quincy.
IMoses Grant.
F. W. Lincoln.
Israel Londjard.
Samuel Hooper.
Mrs. E. B. P>owditch.
William H. Switt.
M. P. Grant.
William II. Gardner.
George A. Gardner.
George 11. Russell.
524 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Page 72, line 12. Ilenr^' M. Comey, then of G, also fought all
through the battle, with an Ohio regiment.
Page 99, line 7. For c/rapes read cherries.
Page 121. About this time, second lieutenant T. B. Fox, jun.,
joined for duty, in command of recruits.
Page 137. The second foot-note should be numbered 2.
Page 140, line 13. Insert " Costello, of I, wounded and missing."
For Jifti/ read _fif})j-one. In second note, the losses of the Second
should read " killed, 18 ; wounded, 51."
Page 14:8, line 28. For S/iarj>svt7/e read Shai-psbiirg.
Page 150, line 7. For Leeshnnj read Leeshurg.
Page 176, line 16. For seventij read twenty.
Page 182, line 10. For Cadij read Codij. Insert " Seavers, of H."
Line 13, insert " Hatch, of C."
Page 192, line 14. For Hooper read Hooker.
Page 201, line 22. Add " Capt. N. D. A. Sawyer and Lieut.
Thomas were in the stockade with Capt. Grafton."
Page 229, line 15. For Bohman read Bohonan ; for Lawson read
Laicton. Line 16, erase " Pierson, of I."
Page 241, line 3. For Coihren read Coethan.
Page 259, line 6. For Maun read Munn.
Page 288. For XXI. read XXII.
Page 292, line 2. Add " and Lieut. M. P. Eichardson as captain."
Page 388. Add to Jesse Kichardson, " wounded slightly, 17 Sept.,
1862." Moses P. Eichardson, for " 17 Sept., 1862," read " 3 May,
1863."
Page 421. Fenner, "discharged in consequence of wounds."
Page 425. McMullen, "discliarged in consequence of wounds."
Page 481, line 27. Captain Charles Wheaton served until May,
1866. He was brevetted colonel, December, 1865.
Page 494, line 38. Captain C. P. Horton, brevetted lieut. colonel.
Page 498, line 20. Captain Eugene E. Shelton was post commis-
sary at Port Hudson until March, 1865, when he was sent to Texas ;
chief commissary on the Eio Grande. Brevet-major, 14 July, 1865.
Wounded in the left leg, 13 Nov., 1863, at Port Hudson. Dis-
charged 14 July, 1865.
Coffin, in " Four Years of Fighting," page 198, mistakes a statement
in " Potomac and Eapidan," regarding the battle of Clianccllorsville.
" Three times," says Coffin, " the flag from tlieold Bay State changed
hands. But, before the rebels could carry it from the iield, it was
rescued," &c. The flag clianged color-bearers only, as they succes-
sively fell. No rebel hand ever touched the battle-flag on any occa-
sion.
INDEX
OF PPtlXCIPAL PLACES AND EVENTS.
Abercronibie, Gen., in brigade of,
42, 51.
Additions and corrections, 523.
Alexandria, Va., 126, 1«5, 188, 192,
281.
AUiitoona Mountains, Ga., 233,
235.
Alston's Ferry, S.C, 2(32.
Ames, Gen., in connnand of, 175.
Amlerson, Tenn., I'J'J.
Andrew, (iov., address by, 210.
Andrews, Col., in formation of
regiment, oetsef/.; commanding
regiment, 46, 71) et ser/., 98-146.
Antietam, 131 rf .sry., 144, 183.
Appomattox River, \'a., 280.
Argyle Island, S.C, 253.
Atlanta, Ga., 239 et srq.
Averysborough, N.C., 268 et seq.
B.
Band, Kegimental, 18, 513.
Banks, Gen., in commanil of, 41-
132.
" Banks's lietreat," 80 et seq.
Bartlett, (ien., in division of, 282.
Barton's Mills, Va., 85, 97.
Bellbucklo, Temi., 198, 200.
Bentonville, N.C., 272.
Berryville, Va., 69, 71.
Beverly Ford, Va., 122, 175.
Birthplaces of men, tiiblc of, 515.
Blackburn's Ford, Md., 144.
Bla<lensl)urg, Md., 281.
Boston, Mass., 33, 204.
Britliiejiort, Tenn., 223.
Bran'^ily Station, Va., 121, 192.
Bi-own, Cai)t., commanding regi-
ment, 245-249.
Bull K'lm, 125, 189, 281.
Buidver Hill, Va., 37, 96.
Buniside. (ien., in army of, 145-
152 ; address by, 214.
Burke's band (Iestro3ed, 145.
Buzzard's Koost, Ga., 225.
Camp Andrew, 14 et seq., 292.
Cassvilie, Ga., 230.
Casualties in action, table of, 517-
519.
Cedar Creek. 83.
Cedar .Mountain, 105 et seq., 190.
Cliancellorsville, 156 et seq., 281.
Chantilly, Va., 125.
Cliarlestown, V'a., 38, G7.
CliattahoocliieHiver,Ga.,240,242.
Cheraw, S.C, 265.
Cliickamauga, 223.
Cliristian Conunission, 154, 219.
Christiana, Tenn., 19-<, 200.
Cogswell, Col., connnanding regi-
ment, 143-152, lf>4-2.j6 ; i)ost at
Tullahoma, 219; post, Atlanta,
243 ; brigade in Thin! Division,
256.
526
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Colgrove, Col., Twenty-seventli
Indiana, 70; biographical note,
249.
Colors, 24-30, 40, 41, 292, 511.
Color-sergeants, 512.
Columbia, S.C, 262.
Commissioned officers. See Offi-
cers.
Companies raised and in camp,
11-17; lists of men, — A, 298-
312, 431-437 ; B, 312-325, 437-
441 ; C, 325-338, 442-444 ; D
339-351, 445-448; E, 352-364
448-452; E, 365-376, 453-456
G, 376-39 1 , 456-46 1 ; H, 39 1-404
461-464 ; I, 404-417, 464-468
K, 417-430, 468-471.
Conrad's Ferry, Md., 51.
Corrections, 524.
Cox's Bridge, N.C., 273.
Crawford, Gen., commanding divi-
sion, 100, 135.
Culpeper, Va., 104, 120.
D.
Dallas, Ga., 233.
Darnestown, 46 et seq.
Davisboro' Station, Ga., 251.
Decherd, Tenn., 196, 199, 222.
Dwiglit, Major, in formation of
regiment, 3 ct seq. ; commanding
regiment, 82 ; rear-guard, 86 ;
death, 139.
E.
Edenburg, Va., 74.
Edwards's Ferry, Md., 51, 177.
Elk River, Tenn., 198; 201.
Enlisted men, lists of, first term,
295-430 ; second term, 431-474 ;
accounted for, table, 520.
Enlistment, first term expired, 231.
Fairfax, Va., 125, 126, 150, 176,
177, 179, 281.
Fayetteville, N.C,266, 267.
Field and Staff, list of, 609.
Fox, Key. T. B., visit of, 202.
Frederick, Md., 60 et seq., 130, 177,
183.
Freemason's Lodge, 61.
Fund, regimentaC 5, 10, 235.
Furlough to re-eulisted men, 204.
G.
Germanna Ford, Va., 157.
Gettysburg, 178 et seq.
Goldsborough, N.C., 273.
Gordon, Col., raising and com-
manding regiment, 1-98 ; brig-
ade, 46, 47, 70-154 ; division,
139; post of Harper's Ferry, 38.
Grant, Gen., in command of, 219
et seq.
Greene, Gen., commanding brig-
ade, 93.
H.
Hamilton, Gen., in command of,
51.
Hardeeville, S.C, 258.
Harrisonburg, Va., 76.
Harper's Ferry, 38, 67, 149, 192.
Hawley, Gen., in brigade of, 254-
282.
Hillard, G. S., address by, 28.
Hooker, Gen., in command of, 152-
177, 192-241.
Hyattstown, Md., 46.
Indianapolis, Ind., 193, 204,218.
Indiana, Twenty-seventh, in brig-
ade, 70.
J.
Johnston's surrender, 279.
K.
Kelley's Ford, Va., 157, 184, 190.
Kcnesaw, 237, 238.
Kernstown, Va., 86 et seq.
Kettle Run, Va., 123, 189.
Kingston, Ga., 233, 235.
INDEX.
527
L.
Leesburg, Va., 150,177.
Lincoln, Mayor, address by, 209.
Little Washington, Va., 102.
Lost Mountain, Ga., 230.
Louisville, Ky., 1U3, 204, 218.
M.
Manassas, 123, 180.
Mansfield, Gen., in corps of, 132-
135.
Marietta, Ga., 239.
Martinsburg, Va., 85, 90, 192.
Maryland Heights, 42, 143, 184.
Massanutten Gap, Va., 77.
Meade, Gen., in army of, 177-192.
McLellan, Gen., in army of, 127-
145.
Middletown, Md., 131, 183.
Middletown, Va., 83.
Milledgeville, Ga., 250.
Millen, Ga., 252.
Morell, Gen., in division of, 145.
Morse, Lieut.-Col., commanding
regiment, 181, 231-239, 256 et
seq.
Motley, J. L., address by, 24.
Mount Jackson, Va., 75.
Mower, Gen., in corps of, 276.
Mudge, Lieut.-Col., commanding
regiment, 152, 173; death, 180.
N.
Narrow Pass, Va., 74.
Nashville, Tenn., 193, 204, 218.
New-Hope Church, Ga., 233, 236.
Newmarket, Va., 76.
Newtown, Va., 84.
New-York City, 34, 185 et seq.,
290.
Nickajack Cave, 223 ; trace, 225.
Nou-commissioned staff. See Staff.
O.
Officers, commissioned, 5, 6, 11-
18, 21, 22, 50, 64, 65, 94, 120, 148,
153, 174, 248, 259, 282, 291 ; list
of, and sketches, 475 ; accounted
for, table, 522; field, 609; staff
(sec Staff).
Otis, Mrs. 11. G. supplies from, 54.
P.
Patterson, Gen., in command of,
35-39.
Patterson's campaign, 33 et seq.
Peach-Tree Creek, Ga., 240.
Perrysburg, S.C., 258.
Phalen, ('apt., commanding regi-
ment, 277.
Pine Mountain, Ga., 236.
Pope, Gen., in army of, 100 et seq.
Pumpkin- Vine Creek, Ga., 233.
Q.
Quincy, Col., commanding regi-
ment, 152-173.
R.
Raccoon Creek, Ga., 236.
Kaccoon Ford, Va., 191.
Kaleigh, N.C., 277-279.
Rappahannock Station, Va., 121,
185.
Readville, Mass., 291.
Kecruiting offices, 7, 10.
Recruits, 49, 121, 233, 239, 242,
248.
Re-enlistments, 202.
Regiment proposed, 1 ; raised and
organized, 5-21 ; forwarded, 31,
32 ; brigaded, 44, 40, 47, 70, 93,
282 ; in division, 47, 282 ; in
corps, 70 ; in Division of the
Shenandoah, 41 ; in Army of
Virginia, 100 ; in Army of the
Potomac, 127 ; in Army of the
Cumberland, 195 ; in Army of
Georgia, 276 ; in Division of the
District of Washington, 282 ;
mustered out, 288 ; reached
Readville, 291 ; discharged, 292.
Regimental Aid Association, 56.
Resaca, Ga., 226 et seq.
Rice, II. A., assistance by, 59.
Richmond, Va., 280.
Robertville, S.C., 259.
Rockville, Md., 128.
Rocky Pace, Ga., 225.
528
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.
Kosecrans, Gen., in army of, 194-
199.
Kuger,Gen., commanding brigade,
143, 154-247 ; biographical note,
154.
Srndersville, Ga., 251.
Sandy Hoolc, Md., 67, 184.
Sanitary Commission, 154, 193,
276.
Savannah, Ga., 252 et seq.
Scott, Lieut.-Gen., order of, 31.
Seneca Creek, Md., 51.
Sergeants, First, 18, 19.
Shelbyville, Tenn., 197.
Sherman, Gen., in army of, 220
et seq.
Sigel, Gen., in Grand Division of,
151.
Sister's Ferry, S.C. 259.
Slocum, Gen., in corps of, 141-
221, 243 et seq. ; biographical
note, 144.
Smyrna Cimrch, Ga., 239.
Snake-Creek Gap, Ga., 226.
Snicker's Ferry, Va'., 70.
Soutli Mountain, Md., 131.
Spottsylvania, Va., 281.
Staff, comnjissioned, 11, 17, 18,
50, 97, 147, 153, 174, 242, 248,
259, 509.
Staff, non-commissioned, 18, 472.
Stafford, C.H., Va., 152, 172.
Stevenson, Ala., 193.
Strasburg, Va., 73, 78, 81.
Summary of officers and men, 522.
Sumner, Gen., in command of,
128.
Sujiplies from friends, 54-59.
Taylor's Ridge, Ga., 225.
Thanksgiving Day, 52, 146, 201,
251.
Thomas, Gen., in army of, 199. *
Ticknor, Mrs., supplies from, 55.
Tullahoma, Tenn., 197, 198, 218-
222.
U.
United-Statgs Ford, Va., 167, 171,
281.
w.
Warrenton, Va., 99.
Washingt(m, D.C., 192, 281 etseq.
Waterloo Bridge, Va., 122.
Williams, Gen. A. S., command-
ing brigade, 47 ; division, 70
corps, 128, 135, 241-276; biO'
grapliical note, 48.
Williamsport, Md., 34, 90, 92, 184
Winchester, Va., 69, 72, 87 et seq.
96.
Winnsborough, S.C, 263.
Wisconsin 1 hird, in brigade, 70
parting, 282.
Wolf-Kun Shoals, Va., 151.
Woodstock, Va., 73.
X.
Xenia, Ohio, 193.
Z.
Zouaves d'Afrique, 100, 111.
CAMBRIDGE : PRESS OP JOHN WILSON AND SON.
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